0 files changed, 0 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.appveyor.yml b/.appveyor.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 1ea5e59210..0000000000
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
----
-version: '{build}'
-init:
-  - git config --global user.name git
-  - git config --global user.email svn-admin@ruby-lang.org
-  - git config --global core.autocrlf false
-  - git config --global core.eol lf
-  - git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-shallow_clone: true
-clone_depth: 10
-platform:
-  - x64
-skip_commits:
-  message: /\[DOC\]/
-  files:
-    - doc/*
-    - '**/*.md'
-    - '**/*.rdoc'
-    - '**/.document'
-environment:
-  ruby_version: "24-%Platform%"
-  zlib_version: "1.2.12"
-  matrix:
-    - build: vs
-      vs: 120
-      ssl: OpenSSL
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
-      GEMS_FOR_TEST: ""
-    - build: vs
-      vs: 140
-      ssl: OpenSSL-v111
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
-      GEMS_FOR_TEST: ""
-  RELINE_TEST_ENCODING: "UTF-8"
-cache:
-  - c:\Tools\vcpkg\installed\
-for:
--
-  matrix:
-    only:
-      - build: vs
-  install:
-    - ver
-    - chcp
-    - SET BITS=%Platform:x86=32%
-    - SET BITS=%BITS:x=%
-    - SET OPENSSL_DIR=C:\%ssl%-Win%BITS%
-    - cd C:\Tools\vcpkg
-    - git pull -q
-    - .\bootstrap-vcpkg.bat
-    - cd %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%
-    - vcpkg --triplet %Platform%-windows install libffi libyaml readline zlib
-    - CALL SET vcvars=%%^VS%VS%COMNTOOLS^%%..\..\VC\vcvarsall.bat
-    - SET vcvars
-    - '"%vcvars%" %Platform:x64=amd64%'
-    - SET ruby_path=C:\Ruby%ruby_version:-x86=%
-    - SET PATH=\usr\local\bin;%ruby_path%\bin;%PATH%;C:\msys64\mingw64\bin;C:\msys64\usr\bin
-    - ruby --version
-    - 'cl'
-    - echo> Makefile srcdir=.
-    - echo>> Makefile MSC_VER=0
-    - echo>> Makefile RT=none
-    - echo>> Makefile RT_VER=0
-    - echo>> Makefile BUILTIN_ENCOBJS=nul
-    - type win32\Makefile.sub >> Makefile
-    - nmake %mflags% up VCSUP="echo Update OK"
-    - nmake %mflags% extract-extlibs
-    - del Makefile
-    - mkdir \usr\local\bin
-    - mkdir \usr\local\include
-    - mkdir \usr\local\lib
-    - SET ZLIB_ZIP=.downloaded-cache\zlib%zlib_version:.=%.zip
-    - if not exist %ZLIB_ZIP% curl -fsSL -o %ZLIB_ZIP% --retry 10 https://zlib.net/zlib%zlib_version:.=%.zip
-    - 7z x -aos -o%APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%\ext\zlib %ZLIB_ZIP%
-    - for %%I in (%OPENSSL_DIR%\*.dll) do mklink /h \usr\local\bin\%%~nxI %%I
-    - for %%I in (c:\Tools\vcpkg\installed\%Platform%-windows\bin\*.dll) do (
-        if not %%~nI == readline mklink \usr\local\bin\%%~nxI %%I
-      )
-    - attrib +r /s /d
-    - mkdir %Platform%-mswin_%vs%
-  build_script:
-    - cd %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%
-    - cd %Platform%-mswin_%vs%
-    - >-
-      ..\win32\configure.bat
-      --with-opt-dir="/usr/local;c:/Tools/vcpkg/installed/%Platform%-windows"
-      --with-openssl-dir=%OPENSSL_DIR:\=/%
-    - nmake -l
-    - nmake install-nodoc
-    - \usr\bin\ruby -v -e "p :locale => Encoding.find('locale'), :filesystem => Encoding.find('filesystem')"
-    - if not "%GEMS_FOR_TEST%" == "" \usr\bin\gem install --no-document %GEMS_FOR_TEST%
-    - \usr\bin\ruby -ropenssl -e "puts 'Build    ' + OpenSSL::OPENSSL_VERSION, 'Runtime  ' + OpenSSL::OPENSSL_LIBRARY_VERSION"
-  test_script:
-    - set /a JOBS=%NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS%
-    - nmake -l "TESTOPTS=-v -q" btest
-    - nmake -l "TESTOPTS=-v -q" test-basic
-    - >-
-      nmake -l "TESTOPTS=-v --timeout-scale=3.0
-      --excludes=../test/excludes/_appveyor -j%JOBS%
-      --exclude win32ole
-      --exclude test_bignum
-      --exclude test_syntax
-      --exclude test_open-uri
-      --exclude test_bundled_ca
-      " test-all
-    # separately execute tests without -j which may crash worker with -j.
-    - >-
-      nmake -l
-      "TESTOPTS=-v --timeout-scale=3.0 --excludes=../test/excludes/_appveyor"
-      TESTS="
-      ../test/win32ole
-      ../test/ruby/test_bignum.rb
-      ../test/ruby/test_syntax.rb
-      ../test/open-uri/test_open-uri.rb
-      ../test/rubygems/test_bundled_ca.rb
-      " test-all
-    - nmake -l test-spec MSPECOPT=-fs # not using `-j` because sometimes `mspec -j` silently dies on Windows
-notifications:
-  - provider: Webhook
-    method: POST
-    url:
-      secure: CcFlJNDJ/a6to7u3Z4Fnz6dScEPNx7hTha2GkSRlV+1U6dqmxY/7uBcLXYb9gR3jfQk6w+2o/HrjNAyXMNGU/JOka3s2WRI4VKitzM+lQ08owvJIh0R7LxrGH0J2e81U # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-    body: >-
-      {{^isPullRequest}}
-        {
-          "ci": "AppVeyor CI",
-          "env": "Visual Studio 2013 / 2015",
-          "url": "{{buildUrl}}",
-          "commit": "{{commitId}}",
-          "branch": "{{branch}}"
-        }
-      {{/isPullRequest}}
-    on_build_success: false
-    on_build_failure: true
-    on_build_status_changed: false
diff --git a/.cirrus.yml b/.cirrus.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index a6d29cd3eb..0000000000
--- a/.cirrus.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-# This CI is used to test Arm cases. We can set the maximum 16 tasks.
-# The entire testing design is inspired from .github/workflows/compilers.yml.
-
-# By default, Cirrus mounts an empty volume to `/tmp`
-# which triggers all sorts of warnings like "system temporary path is world-writable: /tmp".
-# Lets workaround it by specifying a custom volume mount point.
-env:
-  CIRRUS_VOLUME: /cirrus-ci-volume
-  LANG: C.UTF-8
-
-task:
-  name: Arm64 Graviton2 / $CC
-  skip: "changesIncludeOnly('doc/**', '**.{md,rdoc}', '.document')"
-  arm_container:
-    # We use the arm64 images at https://github.com/ruby/ruby-ci-image/pkgs/container/ruby-ci-image .
-    image: ghcr.io/ruby/ruby-ci-image:$CC
-    # Define the used cpu core in each matrix task. We can use total 16 cpu
-    # cores in entire matrix. [cpu] = [total cpu: 16] / [number of tasks]
-    cpu: 8
-    # We can request maximum 4 GB per cpu.
-    # [memory per task] = [memory per cpu: 4 GB] * [cpu]
-    memory: 32G
-  env:
-    CIRRUS_CLONE_DEPTH: 50
-    optflags: '-O1'
-    debugflags: '-ggdb3'
-    RUBY_PREFIX: /tmp/ruby-prefix
-    RUBY_DEBUG: ci rgengc
-    RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
-      -q
-      --color=always
-      --tty=no
-    matrix:
-      CC: clang-12
-      CC: gcc-11
-  id_script: id
-  set_env_script:
-    # Set `GNUMAKEFLAGS`, because the flags are GNU make specific. Note using
-    # the `make` environment variable used in compilers.yml causes some rubygems
-    # tests to fail.
-    # https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/issues/4921
-    - echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-s -j$((1 + $CIRRUS_CPU))" >> $CIRRUS_ENV
-  print_env_script:
-    - echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=$GNUMAKEFLAGS"
-  # Arm containers are executed in AWS's EKS, and it's not yet supporting IPv6
-  # See https://github.com/aws/containers-roadmap/issues/835
-  disable_ipv6_script: sudo ./tool/disable_ipv6.sh
-  autogen_script: ./autogen.sh
-  configure_script: >-
-    ./configure -C
-    --enable-debug-env
-    --disable-install-doc
-    --with-ext=-test-/cxxanyargs,+
-    --prefix="$RUBY_PREFIX"
-  make_extract-extlibs_script: make extract-extlibs
-  make_incs_script: make incs
-  make_script: make
-  make_leaked-globals_script: make leaked-globals
-  make_test_script: make test
-  make_install_script: make install
-  install_gems_for_test_script: $RUBY_PREFIX/bin/gem install --no-doc timezone tzinfo
-  make_test-tool_script: make test-tool
-  make_test-all_script: make test-all
-  make_test-spec_script: make test-spec
-
-
-# The following is to test YJIT on ARM64 CPUs available on Cirrus CI
-yjit_task:
-  name: Arm64 Graviton2 / $CC YJIT New Backend Temp Checks
-  auto_cancellation: $CIRRUS_BRANCH != 'master'
-  skip: "changesIncludeOnly('doc/**', '**.{md,rdoc}')"
-  arm_container:
-    # We use the arm64 images at https://github.com/ruby/ruby-ci-image/pkgs/container/ruby-ci-image .
-    image: ghcr.io/ruby/ruby-ci-image:$CC
-    # Define the used cpu core in each matrix task. We can use total 16 cpu
-    # cores in entire matrix. [cpu] = [total cpu: 16] / [number of tasks]
-    cpu: 8
-    # We can request maximum 4 GB per cpu.
-    # [memory per task] = [memory per cpu: 4 GB] * [cpu]
-    memory: 32G
-  env:
-    CIRRUS_CLONE_DEPTH: 50
-    optflags: '-O1'
-    debugflags: '-ggdb3'
-    RUBY_PREFIX: /tmp/ruby-prefix
-    RUBY_DEBUG: ci rgengc
-    RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
-      -q
-      --color=always
-      --tty=no
-    matrix:
-      CC: clang-12
-      CC: gcc-11
-  id_script: id
-  set_env_script:
-    # Set `GNUMAKEFLAGS`, because the flags are GNU make specific. Note using
-    # the `make` environment variable used in compilers.yml causes some rubygems
-    # tests to fail.
-    # https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/issues/4921
-    - echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-s -j$((1 + $CIRRUS_CPU))" >> $CIRRUS_ENV
-  print_env_script:
-    - echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=$GNUMAKEFLAGS"
-  # Arm containers are executed in AWS's EKS, and it's not yet supporting IPv6
-  # See https://github.com/aws/containers-roadmap/issues/835
-  disable_ipv6_script: sudo ./tool/disable_ipv6.sh
-  install_rust_script:
-    - sudo apt-get update -y
-    - sudo apt-get install -y curl
-    - "curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y"
-  autogen_script: ./autogen.sh
-  configure_script: >-
-    source $HOME/.cargo/env && ./configure -C
-    --enable-debug-env
-    --disable-install-doc
-    --with-ext=-test-/cxxanyargs,+
-    --prefix="$RUBY_PREFIX"
-    --enable-yjit=dev
-  make_miniruby_script: source $HOME/.cargo/env && make -j miniruby
-  make_bindgen_script: |
-    if [[ "$CC" = "clang-12" ]]; then
-      source $HOME/.cargo/env && make -j yjit-bindgen
-    else
-      echo "only running bindgen on clang image"
-    fi
-  boot_miniruby_script: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 ./miniruby --yjit-call-threshold=1 -e0
-  test_dump_insns_script: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 ./miniruby --yjit-call-threshold=1 --yjit-dump-insns -e0
-  # output_stats_script: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 ./miniruby --yjit-call-threshold=1 --yjit-stats -e0
-  bootstrap_tests_script: |
-    RUST_BACKTRACE=1 ruby --disable=gems bootstraptest/runner.rb --ruby="./miniruby -I./lib -I. -I.ext/common --disable-gems --yjit-call-threshold=1 --yjit-verify-ctx" \
-    bootstraptest/test_attr.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_autoload.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_class.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_constant_cache.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_env.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_eval.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_exception.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_fiber.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_finalizer.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_flip.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_flow.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_fork.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_gc.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_jump.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_literal_suffix.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_load.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_massign.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_string.rb \
-    bootstraptest/test_yjit_new_backend.rb
-  # full_build_script: make -j
diff --git a/.document b/.document
index ec2fa09326..e875e42546 100644
--- a/.document
+++ b/.document
@@ -18,15 +18,18 @@ gc.rb
 io.rb
 kernel.rb
 marshal.rb
+rjit.rb
 numeric.rb
 nilclass.rb
 pack.rb
 ractor.rb
 string.rb
+symbol.rb
 timev.rb
 thread_sync.rb
 trace_point.rb
 warning.rb
+yjit.rb
 
 # the lib/ directory (which has its own .document file)
 lib
@@ -45,7 +48,4 @@ COPYING.ja
 
 LEGAL
 
-# win32/README.win32 linked from README.md
-win32
-
 doc
diff --git a/.gdbinit b/.gdbinit
index 34d044caf6..7dd3336e28 100644
--- a/.gdbinit
+++ b/.gdbinit
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ define rp
     printf "%sT_OBJECT%s: ", $color_type, $color_end
     print ((struct RObject *)($arg0))->basic
     if ($flags & ROBJECT_EMBED)
-      print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ (ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX+0)
+      print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ (rb_shape_get_shape($arg0)->capacity)
     else
       print (((struct RObject *)($arg0))->as.heap)
       if (((struct RObject*)($arg0))->as.heap.numiv) > 0
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ define rp
             (($rsflags & (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER6)) >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT+2)
     set print address off
     output *(char *)(($rsflags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
-	    ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.heap.ptr : \
-	    ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.ary) @ $len
+            ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.heap.ptr : \
+            ((struct RString*)$regsrc)->as.ary) @ $len
     set print address on
     printf " len:%ld ", $len
     if $flags & RUBY_FL_USER6
@@ -126,26 +126,26 @@ define rp
       printf "%sT_ARRAY%s: len=%ld ", $color_type, $color_end, $len
       printf "(embed) "
       if ($len == 0)
-	printf "{(empty)} "
+        printf "{(empty)} "
       else
-	print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
-	printf " "
+        print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
+        printf " "
       end
     else
       set $len = ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.len
       printf "%sT_ARRAY%s: len=%ld ", $color_type, $color_end, $len
       if ($flags & RUBY_FL_USER2)
-	printf "(shared) shared="
-	output/x ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.aux.shared_root
-	printf " "
+        printf "(shared) shared="
+        output/x ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.aux.shared_root
+        printf " "
       else
-	printf "(ownership) capa=%ld ", ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.aux.capa
+        printf "(ownership) capa=%ld ", ((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.aux.capa
       end
       if ($len == 0)
-	printf "{(empty)} "
+        printf "{(empty)} "
       else
-	print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr) @ $len
-	printf " "
+        print/x *((VALUE*)((struct RArray*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr) @ $len
+        printf " "
       end
     end
     print (struct RArray *)($arg0)
@@ -445,8 +445,8 @@ define output_string
           (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER6)) >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT+2)
   if $len > 0
     output *(char *)(($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
-	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr : \
-	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
+            ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr : \
+            ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
   else
     output ""
   end
@@ -459,8 +459,8 @@ define print_string
           (($flags & (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER3|RUBY_FL_USER4|RUBY_FL_USER5|RUBY_FL_USER6)) >> RUBY_FL_USHIFT+2)
   if $len > 0
     printf "%s", *(char *)(($flags & RUBY_FL_USER1) ? \
-	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr : \
-	    ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
+            ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.heap.ptr : \
+            ((struct RString*)($arg0))->as.ary) @ $len
   end
 end
 
@@ -689,11 +689,6 @@ define nd_stts
 end
 
 
-define nd_entry
-  printf "%su3.entry%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
-  p ($arg0).u3.entry
-end
-
 define nd_vid
   printf "%su1.id%s: ", $color_highlite, $color_end
   p ($arg0).u1.id
@@ -868,22 +863,22 @@ define rb_numtable_entry
     set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_tbl->as.packed.bins
     while $rb_numtable_p && $rb_numtable_p < $rb_numtable_tbl->as.packed.bins+$rb_numtable_tbl->num_entries
       if $rb_numtable_p.k == $rb_numtable_id
-	set $rb_numtable_key = $rb_numtable_p.k
-	set $rb_numtable_rec = $rb_numtable_p.v
-	set $rb_numtable_p = 0
+        set $rb_numtable_key = $rb_numtable_p.k
+        set $rb_numtable_rec = $rb_numtable_p.v
+        set $rb_numtable_p = 0
       else
-	set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_p + 1
+        set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_p + 1
       end
     end
   else
     set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_tbl->as.big.bins[st_numhash($rb_numtable_id) % $rb_numtable_tbl->num_bins]
     while $rb_numtable_p
       if $rb_numtable_p->key == $rb_numtable_id
-	set $rb_numtable_key = $rb_numtable_p->key
-	set $rb_numtable_rec = $rb_numtable_p->record
-	set $rb_numtable_p = 0
+        set $rb_numtable_key = $rb_numtable_p->key
+        set $rb_numtable_rec = $rb_numtable_p->record
+        set $rb_numtable_p = 0
       else
-	set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_p->next
+        set $rb_numtable_p = $rb_numtable_p->next
       end
     end
   end
@@ -961,7 +956,7 @@ define iseq
       set $operand_size = ((INSN*)($arg0))->operand_size
       set $operands = ((INSN*)($arg0))->operands
       while $i < $operand_size
-	rp $operands[$i++]
+        rp $operands[$i++]
       end
     end
   end
@@ -1279,9 +1274,9 @@ document rb_count_objects
   Counts all objects grouped by type.
 end
 
-# Details: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby-master/wiki/MachineInstructionsTraceWithGDB
+# Details: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/wiki/Machine-Instructions-Trace-with-GDB
 define trace_machine_instructions
-  set logging on
+  set logging enabled
   set height 0
   set width 0
   display/i $pc
@@ -1348,3 +1343,5 @@ define print_flags
   printf "RUBY_FL_USER17      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER17 ? "1" : "0"
   printf "RUBY_FL_USER18      : %s\n", ((struct RBasic*)($arg0))->flags & RUBY_FL_USER18 ? "1" : "0"
 end
+
+source misc/gdb.py
diff --git a/.git-blame-ignore-revs b/.git-blame-ignore-revs
index 6c5eac5a0f..1bf7db40ad 100644
--- a/.git-blame-ignore-revs
+++ b/.git-blame-ignore-revs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 # Expand tabs
 5b21e94bebed90180d8ff63dad03b8b948361089
+c5e9af9c9d890578182a21e7b71b50334cd5579e
 
 # Enable Style/StringLiterals cop for RubyGems/Bundler
 d7ffd3fea402239b16833cc434404a7af82d44f3
@@ -21,3 +22,7 @@ f28287d34c03f472ffe90ea262bdde9affd4b965
 
 # Make benchmark indentation consistent
 fc4acf8cae82e5196186d3278d831f2438479d91
+
+# Make prism_compile.c indentation consistent
+40b2c8e5e7e6e5f83cee9276dc9c1922a69292d6
+d2c5867357ed88eccc28c2b3bd4a46e206e7ff85
diff --git a/.github/CODEOWNERS b/.github/CODEOWNERS
deleted file mode 100644
index b7cd624b0d..0000000000
--- a/.github/CODEOWNERS
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# Lines starting with '#' are comments.
-# Each line is a file pattern followed by one or more owners.
-# Code owners will be automatically tagged as reviewers when a pull request is opened
-
-# YJIT sources and tests
-yjit* @maximecb @xrxr @tenderlove @k0kubun
-yjit/* @maximecb @xrxr @tenderlove @k0kubun
-doc/yjit/* @maximecb @xrxr @tenderlove @k0kubun
-bootstraptest/test_yjit* @maximecb @xrxr @tenderlove @k0kubun
-test/ruby/test_yjit* @maximecb @xrxr @tenderlove @k0kubun
-.github/workflows/yjit* @maximecb @xrxr @tenderlove @k0kubun
diff --git a/.github/actions/setup/directories/action.yml b/.github/actions/setup/directories/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..359e5c0d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/setup/directories/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+name: Setup directories etc.
+description: >-
+  Set up the source code and build directories (plus some
+  environmental tweaks)
+
+inputs:
+  srcdir:
+    required: false
+    default: ${{ github.workspace }}
+    description: >-
+      Directory to (re-)checkout source codes.  This will be created
+      if absent.  If there is no `configure` file that is also
+      generated inside.
+
+  builddir:
+    required: false
+    default: ${{ github.workspace }}
+    description: >-
+      Where binaries and other generated contents go.  This will be
+      created if absent.
+
+  makeup:
+    required: false
+    type: boolean
+    # Note that `default: false` evaluates to a string constant
+    # `'false'`, which is a truthy value :sigh:
+    # https://github.com/actions/runner/issues/2238
+    default: ''
+    description: >-
+      If set to true, additionally runs `make up`.
+
+  checkout:
+    required: false
+    type: boolean
+    default: true
+    description: >-
+      If set to '' (false), skip running actions/checkout. This is useful when
+      you don't want to overwrite a GitHub token that is already set up.
+
+  dummy-files:
+    required: false
+    type: boolean
+    default: ''
+    description: >-
+      If set to true, creates dummy files in build dir.
+
+outputs: {} # nothing?
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    # Note that `shell: bash` works on both Windows and Linux, but not
+    # `shell: sh`.  This is because GitHub hosted Windows runners have
+    # their bash manually installed.
+    - shell: bash
+      run: |
+        mkdir -p ${{ inputs.srcdir }}
+        mkdir -p ${{ inputs.builddir }}
+
+    # Did you know that actions/checkout works without git(1)?  We are
+    # checking that here.
+    - id: which
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        echo "git=`command -v git`" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+        echo "sudo=`command -v sudo`" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+        echo "autoreconf=`command -v autoreconf`" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+    - if: steps.which.outputs.git
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        git config --global core.autocrlf false
+        git config --global core.eol lf
+        git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
+        git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+
+    - if: inputs.checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+      with:
+        path: ${{ inputs.srcdir }}
+
+    - uses: actions/cache@88522ab9f39a2ea568f7027eddc7d8d8bc9d59c8 # v3.3.1
+      with:
+        path: ${{ inputs.srcdir }}/.downloaded-cache
+        key: downloaded-cache
+
+    - if: steps.which.outputs.autoreconf
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ${{ inputs.srcdir }}
+      run: ./autogen.sh
+
+    # This is for MinGW.
+    - if: runner.os == 'Windows'
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((2 * NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+    - if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-sj$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+    # macOS' GNU make is so old that they doesn't understand `GNUMAKEFLAGS`.
+    - if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+    - if: inputs.makeup
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ${{ inputs.srcdir }}
+      run: |
+        touch config.status
+        touch .rbconfig.time
+        sed -f tool/prereq.status template/Makefile.in > Makefile
+        sed -f tool/prereq.status template/GNUmakefile.in > GNUmakefile
+        make up
+
+    # Cleanup, runs even on failure
+    - if: always() && inputs.makeup
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ${{ inputs.srcdir }}
+      run: rm -f config.status Makefile rbconfig.rb .rbconfig.time
+
+    - if: steps.which.outputs.sudo
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
+        chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config || :
+        sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
+
+    - if: inputs.dummy-files == 'true'
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ${{ inputs.builddir }}
+      run: |
+        : Create dummy files in build dir
+        for basename in {a..z} {A..Z} {0..9} foo bar test zzz; do
+          echo > ${basename}.rb "raise %(do not load ${basename}.rb)"
+        done
diff --git a/.github/actions/setup/macos/action.yml b/.github/actions/setup/macos/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3649a64876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/setup/macos/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+name: Setup macOS environment
+description: >-
+  Installs necessary packages via Homebrew.
+
+inputs: {} # nothing?
+
+outputs: {} # nothing?
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - name: brew
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        brew install --quiet gmp libffi openssl@1.1 zlib autoconf automake libtool readline
+
+    - name: Set ENV
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        for lib in openssl@1.1 readline; do
+          CONFIGURE_ARGS="${CONFIGURE_ARGS:+$CONFIGURE_ARGS }--with-${lib%@*}-dir=$(brew --prefix $lib)"
+        done
+        echo CONFIGURE_ARGS="${CONFIGURE_ARGS}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
diff --git a/.github/actions/setup/ubuntu/action.yml b/.github/actions/setup/ubuntu/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9e5b41951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/setup/ubuntu/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+name: Setup ubuntu environment
+description: >-
+  At the beginning there was no way but to copy & paste `apt-get`
+  everywhere.  But now that we have composite actions, it seems better
+  merge them into one.
+
+inputs:
+  arch:
+    required: false
+    default: ''
+    description: >-
+      Architecture.  Because we run this on a GitHub-hosted runner
+      acceptable value for this input is very limited.
+
+outputs:
+  arch:
+    value: ${{ steps.uname.outputs.uname }}
+    description: >-
+      Actual architecture.  This could be different from the one
+      passed to the `inputs.arch`.  For instance giving `i386` to this
+      action yields `i686`.
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - name: set SETARCH
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "SETARCH=${setarch}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      env:
+        setarch: ${{ inputs.arch && format('setarch {0} --', inputs.arch) }}
+
+    - id: uname
+      name: uname
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        echo uname=`${SETARCH} uname -m` >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+        echo dpkg=`${SETARCH} uname -m | sed s/686/386/` >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+    - name: apt-get
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        arch: ${{ inputs.arch && format(':{0}', steps.uname.outputs.dpkg) || '' }}
+      run: |
+        set -x
+        ${arch:+sudo dpkg --add-architecture ${arch#:}}
+        sudo apt-get update -qq || :
+        sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -qq -y -o=Dpkg::Use-Pty=0 \
+        ${arch:+cross}build-essential${arch/:/-} \
+        libssl-dev${arch} libyaml-dev${arch} libreadline6-dev${arch} \
+        zlib1g-dev${arch} libncurses5-dev${arch} libffi-dev${arch} \
+        autoconf ruby
+        sudo apt-get install -qq -y pkg-config${arch} || :
diff --git a/.github/actions/slack/action.yml b/.github/actions/slack/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c98be085a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/slack/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: Post a message to slack
+description: >-
+  We have our ruby/action-slack webhook.  However its arguments are
+  bit verbose to be listed in every workflow files.  Better merge them
+  into one.
+
+inputs:
+  SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL:
+    required: true
+    description: >-
+      The URL to post the payload.  This is an input because it tends
+      to be stored in a secrets valut and a composite action cannot
+      look into one.
+
+  label:
+    required: false
+    description: >-
+      Human-readable description of the run, something like "DEBUG=1".
+      This need not be unique among runs.
+
+outputs: {} # Nothing?
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - uses: ruby/action-slack@0bd85c72233cdbb6a0fe01d37aaeff1d21b5fce1 # v3.2.1
+      with:
+        payload: |
+          {
+            "ci": "GitHub Actions",
+            "env": "${{ github.workflow }}${{ inputs.label && format(' / {0}', inputs.label) }}",
+            "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
+            "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
+            "branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"
+          }
+      env:
+        SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ inputs.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}
+      if: ${{github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.repository, 'ruby/')}}
diff --git a/.github/auto_request_review.yml b/.github/auto_request_review.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8726df577d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/auto_request_review.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+files:
+  'yjit*': [team:yjit]
+  'yjit/**/*': [team:yjit]
+  'yjit/src/cruby_bindings.inc.rs': []
+  'doc/yjit/*': [team:yjit]
+  'bootstraptest/test_yjit*': [team:yjit]
+  'test/ruby/test_yjit*': [team:yjit]
+options:
+  ignore_draft: true
+  # This currently doesn't work as intended. We want to skip reviews when only
+  # cruby_bingings.inc.rs is modified, but this skips reviews even when other
+  # yjit files are modified as well. To be enabled after fixing the behavior.
+  #last_files_match_only: true
diff --git a/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml b/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 91f82b842b..0000000000
--- a/.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-name: "CodeQL config for the Ruby language"
-
-languages: cpp
diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
index b18fd29357..70a73430d7 100644
--- a/.github/dependabot.yml
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 version: 2
 updates:
   - package-ecosystem: 'github-actions'
-    directory: '/'
+    directory: '/.github'
     schedule:
-      interval: 'weekly'
+      interval: 'daily'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/annocheck.yml b/.github/workflows/annocheck.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa87166254
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/annocheck.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+name: Annocheck
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  compile:
+    name: gcc-11 annocheck
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/ruby/ruby-ci-image:gcc-11
+      options: --user root
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    env:
+      CONFIGURE_TTY: never
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
+      RUBY_DEBUG: ci rgengc
+      RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
+        -q
+        --color=always
+        --tty=no
+      # FIXME: Drop skipping options
+      # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18061
+      # https://sourceware.org/annobin/annobin.html/Test-pie.html
+      TEST_ANNOCHECK_OPTS: '--skip-pie --skip-gaps'
+
+    steps:
+      - run: id
+        working-directory:
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+
+      # Minimal flags to pass the check.
+      # -g0 disables backtraces when SEGV.  Do not set that.
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: >
+          ../src/configure -C
+          --enable-debug-env
+          --disable-install-doc
+          --with-ext=-test-/cxxanyargs,+
+          --without-valgrind
+          --without-jemalloc
+          --without-gmp
+          --with-gcc="gcc-11 -fcf-protection -Wa,--generate-missing-build-notes=yes"
+          --enable-shared
+          debugflags=-ggdb3
+          optflags=-O2
+          LDFLAGS=-Wl,-z,now
+
+      - run: make showflags
+
+      - run: make
+
+      - run: make test
+
+      - run: make install
+
+      - run: make test-tool
+
+      ### test-all doesn't work: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions/runs/4340112185/jobs/7578344307
+      # - run: make test-all TESTS='-- ruby -ext-'
+
+      ### test-spec doesn't work: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions/runs/4340193212/jobs/7578505652
+      # - run: make test-spec
+      #   env:
+      #     CHECK_LEAKS: true
+
+      - run: make test-annocheck
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/auto_request_review.yml b/.github/workflows/auto_request_review.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..998a6ea58a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/auto_request_review.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+name: Auto Request Review
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [opened, ready_for_review, reopened]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  auto-request-review:
+    name: Auto Request Review
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && github.base_ref == 'master' }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Request review based on files changes and/or groups the author belongs to
+        uses: necojackarc/auto-request-review@6a51cebffe2c084705d9a7b394abd802e0119633 # v0.12.0
+        with:
+          # scope: public_repo
+          token: ${{ secrets.MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml b/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml
index 1c314da911..860d74aa1a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/baseruby.yml
@@ -4,63 +4,81 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   baseruby:
     name: BASERUBY
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     strategy:
       matrix:
         ruby:
-          - ruby-2.2
-#         - ruby-2.3
-#         - ruby-2.4
-#         - ruby-2.5
+          - ruby-2.5
 #         - ruby-2.6
 #         - ruby-2.7
           - ruby-3.0
           - ruby-3.1
+          - ruby-3.2
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: .downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
-      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@036ef458ddccddb148a2b9fb67e95a22fdbf728b # v1.160.0
         with:
           ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
           bundler: none
-      - run: echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - run: sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf bison libyaml-dev
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          makeup: true
+
       - run: ./configure --disable-install-doc
-      - run: make common-srcs
-      - run: make incs
+
       - run: make all
+
       - run: make test
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / BASERUBY @ ${{ matrix.ruby }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml b/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml
index f6f8b9a45b..943140e9ef 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml
@@ -2,41 +2,52 @@ name: bundled_gems
 
 on:
   push:
+    branches: ['master']
     paths:
       - '.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml'
       - 'gems/bundled_gems'
   pull_request:
+    branches: ['master']
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml'
+      - 'gems/bundled_gems'
+  merge_group:
+    branches: ['master']
     paths:
       - '.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml'
       - 'gems/bundled_gems'
   schedule:
     - cron: '45 6 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions: # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
 
 jobs:
   update:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # for Git to git push
+
     if: ${{ github.event_name != 'schedule' || github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' }}
+
     name: update ${{ github.workflow }}
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
     steps:
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ (github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull')) && secrets.MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN || secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          # Skip overwriting MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN
+          checkout: '' # false (ref: https://github.com/actions/runner/issues/2238)
 
       - name: Set ENV
         run: |
-          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo "TODAY=$(date +%F)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: .downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache-${{ github.sha }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            downloaded-cache
-
       - name: Download previous gems list
         run: |
           data=bundled_gems.json
@@ -45,95 +56,76 @@ jobs:
           curl -O -R -z ./$data https://stdgems.org/$data
 
       - name: Update bundled gems list
+        id: bundled_gems
         run: |
-          ruby -i~ tool/update-bundled_gems.rb gems/bundled_gems
+          ruby -i~ tool/update-bundled_gems.rb gems/bundled_gems >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Maintain updated gems list in NEWS
         run: |
-          #!ruby
-          require 'json'
-          news = File.read("NEWS.md")
-          prev = news[/since the \*+(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\*+/, 1]
-          prevs = [prev, prev.sub(/\.\d+\z/, '')]
-          %W[bundled].each do |type|
-            last = JSON.parse(File.read("#{type}_gems.json"))['gems'].filter_map do |g|
-              v = g['versions'].values_at(*prevs).compact.first
-              g = g['gem']
-              g = 'RubyGems' if g == 'rubygems'
-              [g, v] if v
-            end.to_h
-            changed = File.foreach("gems/#{type}_gems").filter_map do |l|
-              next if l.start_with?("#")
-              g, v = l.split(" ", 3)
-              [g, v] unless last[g] == v
-            end
-            changed, added = changed.partition {|g, _| last[g]}
-            news.sub!(/^\*( +)The following #{type} gems? are updated\.\n\K(?: \1\* .*\n)*/) do
-              mark = "#{$1} * "
-              changed.map {|g, v|"#{mark}#{g} #{v}\n"}.join("")
-            end or next
-            news.sub!(/^\*( +)The following default gems are now bundled gems\.\n\K(?: \1\* .*\n)*/) do
-              mark = "#{$1} * "
-              added.map {|g, v|"#{mark}#{g} #{v}\n"}.join("")
-            end or next if added
-            File.write("NEWS.md", news)
-          end
-        shell: ruby {0}
+          ruby tool/update-NEWS-gemlist.rb bundled
 
       - name: Check diffs
         id: diff
         run: |
-          git add -- NEWS.md
-          git diff --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --quiet -- gems/bundled_gems
-        continue-on-error: true
+          news= gems=
+          git diff --color --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code -- NEWS.md ||
+          news=true
+          git diff --color --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code -- gems/bundled_gems ||
+          gems=true
+          git add -- NEWS.md gems/bundled_gems
+          echo news=$news >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo gems=$gems >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo update=${news:-$gems} >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Install libraries
-        run: |
-          set -x
-          sudo apt-get update -q || :
-          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
-        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outputs.gems }}
 
       - name: Build
         run: |
           ./autogen.sh
           ./configure -C --disable-install-doc
           make
-        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outputs.gems }}
 
       - name: Prepare bundled gems
         run: |
           make -s prepare-gems
-        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outputs.gems }}
 
       - name: Test bundled gems
         run: |
           make -s test-bundled-gems
-          git add -- gems/bundled_gems
         timeout-minutes: 30
         env:
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
-          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
-        if: ${{ steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
-
-      - name: Show diffs
-        id: show
-        run: |
-          git diff --cached --color --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code --
-        continue-on-error: true
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ''
+        if: ${{ steps.diff.outputs.gems }}
 
       - name: Commit
         run: |
           git pull --ff-only origin ${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/}
-          message="Update bundled gems list at "
-          if [ ${{ steps.diff.outcome }} = success ]; then
-            git commit --message="${message}${GITHUB_SHA:0:30} [ci skip]"
+          message="Update bundled gems list"
+          if [ -z "${gems}" ]; then
+            git commit --message="${message} at ${GITHUB_SHA:0:30} [ci skip]"
           else
-            git commit --message="${message}${TODAY}"
+            git commit --message="${message} as of ${TODAY}"
           fi
           git push origin ${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/}
         env:
+          TODAY: ${{ steps.bundled_gems.outputs.latest_date || env.TODAY }}
           EMAIL: svn-admin@ruby-lang.org
           GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: git
           GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: git
-        if: ${{ github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && steps.show.outcome == 'failure' }}
+          gems: ${{ steps.diff.outputs.gems }}
+        if: >-
+          ${{
+          github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' &&
+          !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') &&
+          steps.diff.outputs.update
+          }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml b/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml
index fab1989335..10c202c3c1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check_dependencies.yml
@@ -3,65 +3,74 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   update-deps:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-20.04]
       fail-fast: true
+
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - name: Install libraries
-        run: |
-          set -x
-          sudo apt-get update -q || :
-          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
         if: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') }}
-      - name: Install libraries
-        run: |
-          brew upgrade
-          brew install gmp libffi openssl@1.1 zlib autoconf automake libtool readline
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/macos
         if: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'macos') }}
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: .downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+
       - name: Run configure
         run: ./configure -C --disable-install-doc --disable-rubygems --with-gcc 'optflags=-O0' 'debugflags=-save-temps=obj -g'
+
       - run: make all golf
+
       - run: ruby tool/update-deps --fix
+
       - run: git diff --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / Dependencies need to update",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.os }} / Dependencies need to update
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/check_misc.yml b/.github/workflows/check_misc.yml
index 32a07f7fd6..ce4397b35a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check_misc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check_misc.yml
@@ -1,34 +1,60 @@
-name: Miscellaneous checks
-on: [push, pull_request]
+name: Misc
+on: [push, pull_request, merge_group]
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   checks:
+    name: Miscellaneous checks
+
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # for Git to git push
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ (github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull')) && secrets.MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN || secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          makeup: true
+          # Skip overwriting MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN
+          checkout: '' # false (ref: https://github.com/actions/runner/issues/2238)
+
       - name: Check if C-sources are US-ASCII
         run: |
-          ! grep -r -n '[^	 -~]' *.[chy] include internal win32/*.[ch]
+          grep -r -n --include='*.[chyS]' --include='*.asm' $'[^\t-~]' -- . && exit 1 || :
+
       - name: Check for trailing spaces
         run: |
-          ! git grep -n '[	 ]$' '*.rb' '*.[chy]'
+          git grep -I -n $'[\t ]$' -- '*.rb' '*.[chy]' '*.rs' '*.yml' && exit 1 || :
+          git grep -n $'^[\t ][\t ]*$' -- '*.md' && exit 1 || :
+
+      - name: Check for bash specific substitution in configure.ac
+        run: |
+          git grep -n '\${[A-Za-z_0-9]*/' -- configure.ac && exit 1 || :
+
       - name: Check for header macros
         run: |
-          ! for header in ruby/*.h; do \
-            git grep -l -F -e $header -e HAVE_`echo $header | tr a-z./ A-Z__` -- . > /dev/null || echo $header
-          done | grep -F .
+          fail=
+          for header in ruby/*.h; do
+            git grep -l -F -e $header -e HAVE_`echo $header | tr a-z./ A-Z__` -- . > /dev/null && continue
+            fail=1
+            echo $header
+          done
+          exit $fail
         working-directory: include
 
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: .downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache-${{ github.sha }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            downloaded-cache
+      - id: gems
+        run: true
+        if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' }}
 
       - name: Download previous gems list
         run: |
@@ -36,6 +62,7 @@ jobs:
           mkdir -p .downloaded-cache
           ln -s .downloaded-cache/$data .
           curl -O -R -z ./$data https://stdgems.org/$data
+        if: ${{ steps.gems.outcome == 'success' }}
 
       - name: Make default gems list
         run: |
@@ -54,39 +81,20 @@ jobs:
             f.puts gems
           end
         shell: ruby --disable=gems {0}
+        if: ${{ steps.gems.outcome == 'success' }}
 
       - name: Maintain updated gems list in NEWS
         run: |
-          #!ruby
-          require 'json'
-          news = File.read("NEWS.md")
-          prev = news[/since the \*+(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\*+/, 1]
-          prevs = [prev, prev.sub(/\.\d+\z/, '')]
-          %W[default].each do |type|
-            last = JSON.parse(File.read("#{type}_gems.json"))['gems'].filter_map do |g|
-              v = g['versions'].values_at(*prevs).compact.first
-              g = g['gem']
-              g = 'RubyGems' if g == 'rubygems'
-              [g, v] if v
-            end.to_h
-            changed = File.foreach("gems/#{type}_gems").filter_map do |l|
-              next if l.start_with?("#")
-              g, v = l.split(" ", 3)
-              [g, v] unless last[g] == v
-            end
-            news.sub!(/^\*( +)The following #{type} gems? are updated\.\n\K(?: \1\* .*\n)*/) do
-              mark = "#{$1} * "
-              changed.map {|g, v|"#{mark}#{g} #{v}\n"}.join("")
-            end or next
-            File.write("NEWS.md", news)
-          end
-        shell: ruby {0}
+          ruby tool/update-NEWS-gemlist.rb default
+        if: ${{ steps.gems.outcome == 'success' }}
 
       - name: Check diffs
         id: diff
         run: |
-          git diff --color --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code NEWS.md
-        continue-on-error: true
+          git diff --color --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules --exit-code NEWS.md ||
+          echo update=true >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+        if: ${{ steps.gems.outcome == 'success' }}
+
       - name: Commit
         run: |
           git pull --ff-only origin ${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/}
@@ -96,4 +104,14 @@ jobs:
           EMAIL: svn-admin@ruby-lang.org
           GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: git
           GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: git
-        if: ${{ github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && steps.diff.outcome == 'failure' }}
+        if: >-
+          ${{
+          github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' &&
+          !startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') &&
+          steps.diff.outputs.update
+          }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index f9fa0a7449..47104672fe 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -1,63 +1,115 @@
-name: "Code scanning - action"
+name: 'CodeQL'
 
 on:
   push:
+    branches: ['master']
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   schedule:
-    - cron: '0 12 * * 4'
+    - cron: '0 12 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
-jobs:
-  CodeQL-Build:
+permissions: # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
 
-    # CodeQL runs on ubuntu-latest and windows-latest
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    name: Analyze
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+    permissions:
+      actions: read # for github/codeql-action/init to get workflow details
+      contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      security-events: write # for github/codeql-action/autobuild to send a status report
+    # CodeQL fails to run pull requests from dependabot due to missing write access to upload results.
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
 
     env:
       enable_install_doc: no
 
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        language: ['cpp', 'ruby']
+
     steps:
-    - name: Install libraries
-      run: |
-        set -x
-        sudo apt-get update -q || :
-        sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
+      - name: Install libraries
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
 
-    - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
 
-    - uses: actions/cache@v3
-      with:
-        path: .downloaded-cache
-        key: downloaded-cache
+      - name: Remove an obsolete rubygems vendored file
+        run: sudo rm /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
 
-    - name: Remove an obsolete rubygems vendored file
-      run: sudo rm /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
+      - name: Initialize CodeQL
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdcdbb579706841c47f7063dda365e292e5cad7a # v2.13.4
+        with:
+          languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
 
-    - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
-      with:
-        config-file: ./.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml
+      - name: Autobuild
+        uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cdcdbb579706841c47f7063dda365e292e5cad7a # v2.13.4
 
-    - name: Set ENV
-      run: echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdcdbb579706841c47f7063dda365e292e5cad7a # v2.13.4
+        with:
+          category: '/language:${{ matrix.language }}'
+          upload: False
+          output: sarif-results
+          ram: 8192
+        # CodeQL randomly hits `OutOfMemoryError "Java heap space"`.
+        # GitHub recommends running a larger runner to fix it, but we don't pay for it.
+        continue-on-error: true
 
-    - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v2
+      - name: filter-sarif
+        uses: advanced-security/filter-sarif@f3b8118a9349d88f7b1c0c488476411145b6270d # v1.0
+        with:
+          patterns: |
+            +**/*.rb
+            -lib/uri/mailto.rb:rb/overly-large-range
+            -lib/uri/rfc3986_parser.rb:rb/overly-large-range
+            -lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/mailto.rb:rb/overly-large-range
+            -lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc3986_parser.rb:rb/overly-large-range
+            -test/ruby/test_io.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -test/open-uri/test_open-uri.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -test/open-uri/test_ssl.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -spec/ruby/core/io/binread_spec.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -spec/ruby/core/io/readlines_spec.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -spec/ruby/core/io/foreach_spec.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -spec/ruby/core/io/write_spec.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -spec/ruby/core/io/read_spec.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+            -spec/ruby/core/kernel/open_spec.rb:rb/non-constant-kernel-open
+          input: sarif-results/${{ matrix.language }}.sarif
+          output: sarif-results/${{ matrix.language }}.sarif
+        if: ${{ matrix.language == 'ruby' }}
+        continue-on-error: true
 
-    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
+      - name: Upload SARIF
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cdcdbb579706841c47f7063dda365e292e5cad7a # v2.13.4
+        with:
+          sarif_file: sarif-results/${{ matrix.language }}.sarif
+        continue-on-error: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/compilers.yml b/.github/workflows/compilers.yml
index 340dd20f57..233f4c5db3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/compilers.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/compilers.yml
@@ -4,15 +4,27 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
@@ -22,7 +34,7 @@ concurrency:
 # environment variables (plus the "echo $GITHUB_ENV" hack) is to reroute that
 # restriction.
 env:
-  default_cc: clang-14
+  default_cc: clang-17
   append_cc: ''
 
   # -O1 is faster than -O3 in our tests... Majority of time are consumed trying
@@ -43,19 +55,17 @@ env:
     --without-jemalloc
     --without-gmp
 
-  UPDATE_UNICODE: >-
-    UNICODE_FILES=.
-    UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES=.
-    UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES=.
-    UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES=.
   CONFIGURE_TTY: never
-  GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+  GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
   RUBY_DEBUG: ci rgengc
   RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
     -q
     --color=always
     --tty=no
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   compile:
     strategy:
@@ -64,54 +74,44 @@ jobs:
         env:
           - {}
         entry:
+          - { name: gcc-13,    env: { default_cc: gcc-13 } }
           - { name: gcc-12,    env: { default_cc: gcc-12 } }
           - { name: gcc-11,    env: { default_cc: gcc-11 } }
           - { name: gcc-10,    env: { default_cc: gcc-10 } }
           - { name: gcc-9,     env: { default_cc: gcc-9 } }
           - { name: gcc-8,     env: { default_cc: gcc-8 } }
           - { name: gcc-7,     env: { default_cc: gcc-7 } }
-          - { name: gcc-6,     env: { default_cc: gcc-6 } }
-          - { name: gcc-5,     env: { default_cc: gcc-5 } }
-          - { name: gcc-4.8,   env: { default_cc: gcc-4.8 } }
-          - name: 'gcc-11 LTO'
-            container: gcc-11
+          - name: 'gcc-13 LTO'
+            container: gcc-13
             env:
-              default_cc: 'gcc-11 -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects'
+              default_cc: 'gcc-13 -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -Werror=lto-type-mismatch'
               optflags: '-O2'
             shared: disable
             # check: true
-          - name: 'gcc-11 annocheck'
-            container: gcc-11
-            env:
-              # Minimal flags to pass the check.
-              default_cc: 'gcc-11 -O2 -fcf-protection -Wa,--generate-missing-build-notes=yes'
-              LDFLAGS: '-Wl,-z,now'
-              # FIXME: Drop skipping options
-              # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18061
-              # https://sourceware.org/annobin/annobin.html/Test-pie.html
-              TEST_ANNOCHECK_OPTS: "--skip-pie"
-            check: true
+          - { name: clang-18,  env: { default_cc: clang-18 } }
+          - { name: clang-17,  env: { default_cc: clang-17 } }
+          - { name: clang-16,  env: { default_cc: clang-16 } }
           - { name: clang-15,  env: { default_cc: clang-15 } }
           - { name: clang-14,  env: { default_cc: clang-14 } }
           - { name: clang-13,  env: { default_cc: clang-13 } }
           - { name: clang-12,  env: { default_cc: clang-12 } }
           - { name: clang-11,  env: { default_cc: clang-11 } }
           - { name: clang-10,  env: { default_cc: clang-10 } }
-          - { name: clang-9,   env: { default_cc: clang-9 } }
-          - { name: clang-8,   env: { default_cc: clang-8 } }
-          - { name: clang-7,   env: { default_cc: clang-7 } }
-          - { name: clang-6.0, env: { default_cc: clang-6.0 } }
-          - { name: clang-5.0, env: { default_cc: clang-5.0 } }
-          - { name: clang-4.0, env: { default_cc: clang-4.0 } }
-          - { name: clang-3.9, env: { default_cc: clang-3.9 } }
-          - name: 'clang-14 LTO'
-            container: clang-14
+          # llvm-objcopy<=9 doesn't have --wildcard. It compiles, but leaves Rust symbols in libyjit.o.
+          - { name: clang-9,   env: { default_cc: clang-9,   append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - { name: clang-8,   env: { default_cc: clang-8,   append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - { name: clang-7,   env: { default_cc: clang-7,   append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - { name: clang-6.0, env: { default_cc: clang-6.0, append_configure: '--disable-yjit' } }
+          - name: 'clang-16 LTO'
+            container: clang-16
             env:
-              default_cc: 'clang-14 -flto=auto'
+              default_cc: 'clang-16 -flto=auto'
               optflags: '-O2'
             shared: disable
             # check: true
 
+          - { name: ext/Setup }
+
 #         - { name: aarch64-linux-gnu,     crosshost: aarch64-linux-gnu, container: crossbuild-essential-arm64 }
 #         - { name: arm-linux-gnueabi,     crosshost: arm-linux-gnueabi }
 #         - { name: arm-linux-gnueabihf,   crosshost: arm-linux-gnueabihf }
@@ -127,15 +127,17 @@ jobs:
           # warning generates a lot of noise from use of ANYARGS in
           # rb_define_method() and friends.
           # See: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/11da1b53d8cd3507959022cd790d5a7ad4573d94
-          - { name: c99,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c99   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
-#         - { name: c11,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c11   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
-#         - { name: c17,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c17   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
-          - { name: c2x,   env: { append_cc: '-std=c2x   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+          - { name: c99,   env: { CFLAGS:   '-std=c99   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+#         - { name: c11,   env: { CFLAGS:   '-std=c11   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+#         - { name: c17,   env: { CFLAGS:   '-std=c17   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
+          - { name: c23,   env: { CFLAGS:   '-std=c2x   -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-strict-prototypes' } }
           - { name: c++98, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++98 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
 #         - { name: c++11, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++11 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
 #         - { name: c++14, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++14 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
 #         - { name: c++17, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++17 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
-          - { name: c++2a, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++2a -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+#         - { name: c++20, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++20 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+#         - { name: c++23, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++23 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
+          - { name: c++26, env: { CXXFLAGS: '-std=c++26 -Werror=pedantic -pedantic-errors -Wno-c++11-long-long' } }
 
           - { name: '-O0', env: { optflags: '-O0 -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic' } }
 #         - { name: '-O3', env: { optflags: '-O3 -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic' }, check: true }
@@ -145,7 +147,7 @@ jobs:
           - { name: valgrind,             env: { append_configure: '--with-valgrind' } }
           - { name: 'coroutine=ucontext', env: { append_configure: '--with-coroutine=ucontext' } }
           - { name: 'coroutine=pthread',  env: { append_configure: '--with-coroutine=pthread' } }
-          - { name: disable-jit-support,  env: { append_configure: '--disable-jit-support' } }
+          - { name: disable-jit,          env: { append_configure: '--disable-yjit --disable-rjit' } }
           - { name: disable-dln,          env: { append_configure: '--disable-dln' } }
           - { name: enable-mkmf-verbose,  env: { append_configure: '--enable-mkmf-verbose' } }
           - { name: disable-rubygems,     env: { append_configure: '--disable-rubygems' } }
@@ -169,27 +171,27 @@ jobs:
 #         - { name: SYMBOL_DEBUG,                   env: { cppflags: '-DSYMBOL_DEBUG' } }
 
 #         - { name: RGENGC_CHECK_MODE,              env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_CHECK_MODE' } }
-#         - { name: TRANSIENT_HEAP_CHECK_MODE,      env: { cppflags: '-DTRANSIENT_HEAP_CHECK_MODE' } }
 #         - { name: VM_CHECK_MODE,                  env: { cppflags: '-DVM_CHECK_MODE' } }
 
-          - { name: USE_EMBED_CI=0,                 env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_EMBED_CI=0' } }
-          - { name: USE_FLONUM=0,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_FLONUM=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_EMBED_CI=0,                 env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_EMBED_CI=0' } }
+          - name: USE_FLONUM=0
+            env:
+              cppflags: '-DUSE_FLONUM=0'
+              # yjit requires FLONUM for the pointer tagging scheme
+              append_configure: '--disable-yjit'
 #         - { name: USE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS, env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_GC_MALLOC_OBJ_INFO_DETAILS' } }
-          - { name: USE_LAZY_LOAD,                  env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_LAZY_LOAD' } }
-#         - { name: USE_RINCGC=0,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RINCGC=0' } }
+#         - { name: USE_LAZY_LOAD,                  env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_LAZY_LOAD' } }
 #         - { name: USE_SYMBOL_GC=0,                env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_SYMBOL_GC=0' } }
 #         - { name: USE_THREAD_CACHE=0,             env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_THREAD_CACHE=0' } }
-#         - { name: USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP=0,           env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_TRANSIENT_HEAP=0' } }
-#         - { name: USE_RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=1,           env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=1' } }
-          - { name: USE_RVARGC=0,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RVARGC=0' } }
-#         - { name: USE_RVARGC=1,                   env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RVARGC=1' } }
+          - { name: USE_RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=1,           env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=1' } }
 #         - { name: USE_DEBUG_COUNTER,              env: { cppflags: '-DUSE_DEBUG_COUNTER=1', RUBY_DEBUG_COUNTER_DISABLE: '1' } }
+          - { name: SHARABLE_MIDDLE_SUBSTRING,      env: { cppflags: '-DSHARABLE_MIDDLE_SUBSTRING=1' } }
 
-          - { name: DEBUG_FIND_TIME_NUMGUESS,       env: { cppflags: '-DDEBUG_FIND_TIME_NUMGUESS' } }
-          - { name: DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK,             env: { cppflags: '-DDEBUG_INTEGER_PACK' } }
+#         - { name: DEBUG_FIND_TIME_NUMGUESS,       env: { cppflags: '-DDEBUG_FIND_TIME_NUMGUESS' } }
+#         - { name: DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK,             env: { cppflags: '-DDEBUG_INTEGER_PACK' } }
 #         - { name: ENABLE_PATH_CHECK,              env: { cppflags: '-DENABLE_PATH_CHECK' } }
 
-          - { name: GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS,       env: { cppflags: '-DGC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS' } }
+#         - { name: GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS,       env: { cppflags: '-DGC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS' } }
 #         - { name: GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP=0,         env: { cppflags: '-DGC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP=0' } }
 #         - { name: GC_PROFILE_DETAIL_MEMOTY,       env: { cppflags: '-DGC_PROFILE_DETAIL_MEMOTY' } }
 #         - { name: GC_PROFILE_MORE_DETAIL,         env: { cppflags: '-DGC_PROFILE_MORE_DETAIL' } }
@@ -202,39 +204,50 @@ jobs:
 #         - { name: RGENGC_ESTIMATE_OLDMALLOC,      env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_ESTIMATE_OLDMALLOC' } }
 #         - { name: RGENGC_FORCE_MAJOR_GC,          env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_FORCE_MAJOR_GC' } }
 #         - { name: RGENGC_OBJ_INFO,                env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_OBJ_INFO' } }
-#         - { name: RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK,        env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK' } }
 #         - { name: RGENGC_PROFILE,                 env: { cppflags: '-DRGENGC_PROFILE' } }
 
 #         - { name: VM_DEBUG_BP_CHECK,              env: { cppflags: '-DVM_DEBUG_BP_CHECK' } }
 #         - { name: VM_DEBUG_VERIFY_METHOD_CACHE,   env: { cppflags: '-DVM_DEBUG_VERIFY_METHOD_CACHE' } }
 
-          - { name: MJIT_FORCE_ENABLE,              env: { cppflags: '-DMJIT_FORCE_ENABLE' } }
+          - { name: enable-yjit,                    env: { append_configure: '--enable-yjit --disable-rjit' } }
+          - { name: enable-rjit,                    env: { append_configure: '--enable-rjit --disable-yjit' } }
           - { name: YJIT_FORCE_ENABLE,              env: { cppflags: '-DYJIT_FORCE_ENABLE' } }
+#         - { name: RJIT_FORCE_ENABLE,              env: { cppflags: '-DRJIT_FORCE_ENABLE' } }
+          - { name: UNIVERSAL_PARSER,               env: { cppflags: '-DUNIVERSAL_PARSER' } }
 
     name: ${{ matrix.entry.name }}
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
     container:
-      image: ghcr.io/ruby/ruby-ci-image:${{ matrix.entry.container || matrix.entry.env.default_cc || 'clang-14' }}
+      image: ghcr.io/ruby/ruby-ci-image:${{ matrix.entry.container || matrix.entry.env.default_cc || 'clang-17' }}
       options: --user root
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     env: ${{ matrix.entry.env || matrix.env }}
+
     steps:
       - run: id
         working-directory:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: setenv
-        run: |
-          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-sj$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
         with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
         with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+
       - name: Run configure
         run: >
           ../src/configure -C ${default_configure} ${append_configure}
@@ -244,38 +257,39 @@ jobs:
             matrix.entry.crosshost || '"${default_cc}${append_cc:+ $append_cc}"'
           }}
           --${{ matrix.entry.shared || 'enable' }}-shared
-      - run: make extract-extlibs
-      - run: make incs
+
+      - name: Add to ext/Setup # statically link just the etc extension
+        run: mkdir ext && echo etc >> ext/Setup
+        if: ${{ matrix.entry.name == 'ext/Setup' }}
+
       - run: make showflags
+
       - run: make
-      - run: make leaked-globals
+
       - run: make test
+
       - run: make install
         if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+
       - run: make test-tool
         if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+
       - run: make test-all TESTS='-- ruby -ext-'
         if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+
       - run: make test-spec
         env:
           CHECK_LEAKS: true
         if: ${{ matrix.entry.check }}
+
       - run: make test-annocheck
         if: ${{ matrix.entry.check && endsWith(matrix.entry.name, 'annocheck') }}
 
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.entry.name }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.entry.name }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
 
 defaults:
   run:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependabot_automerge.yml b/.github/workflows/dependabot_automerge.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6259199b11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependabot_automerge.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# from https://github.com/gofiber/swagger/blob/main/.github/workflows/dependabot_automerge.yml
+name: Dependabot auto-merge
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+
+jobs:
+  automerge:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    if: ${{ github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]' }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Dependabot metadata
+        uses: dependabot/fetch-metadata@c9c4182bf1b97f5224aee3906fd373f6b61b4526 # v1.6.0
+        id: metadata
+
+      - name: Wait for status checks
+        uses: lewagon/wait-on-check-action@e106e5c43e8ca1edea6383a39a01c5ca495fd812 # v1.3.1
+        with:
+          repo-token: ${{ secrets.MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
+          check-regexp: 'make \(check, .*\)'
+          wait-interval: 30
+
+      - name: Auto-merge for Dependabot PRs
+        if: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.update-type == 'version-update:semver-minor' || steps.metadata.outputs.update-type == 'version-update:semver-patch' }}
+        run: gh pr merge --auto --rebase "$PR_URL"
+        env:
+          PR_URL: ${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.MATZBOT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos.yml b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
index 72f28a7b61..6411a02d2b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/macos.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
@@ -3,97 +3,114 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
+    # Do not use paths-ignore for required status checks
+    # https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/collaborating-on-repositories-with-code-quality-features/troubleshooting-required-status-checks#handling-skipped-but-required-checks
+  merge_group:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   make:
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        test_task: ["check"] # "test-bundler-parallel", "test-bundled-gems"
-        os:
-          - macos-11
-          - macos-12
+        test_task: ['check']
+        configure: ['']
+        os: ${{ fromJSON(format('["macos-11","macos-12"{0}]', (github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && ',"macos-arm-oss"' || ''))) }}
+        include:
+          - test_task: test-all TESTS=--repeat-count=2
+            os: ${{ github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' && 'macos-arm-oss' || 'macos-12' }}
       fail-fast: false
+
     env:
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
+
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
         with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
       - name: Install libraries
-        run: |
-          brew upgrade
-          brew install gmp libffi openssl@1.1 zlib autoconf automake libtool readline
-        working-directory: src
-      - name: Set ENV
-        run: |
-          echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup/macos
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+          dummy-files: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
       - name: Run configure
-        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc --with-openssl-dir=$(brew --prefix openssl@1.1) --with-readline-dir=$(brew --prefix readline)
-      - run: make incs
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc ${{ matrix.configure }}
+
       - run: make prepare-gems
         if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
+
       - run: make
-      - run: make leaked-globals
-        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
       - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
         run: |
           make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${TESTS:+TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n!/|g;s|^|-n!/|;s|$|$$/|'`}
-        timeout-minutes: 40
+        timeout-minutes: 60
         env:
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
           TESTS: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests || '' }}
-          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
-          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ''
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: 'no'
+
       - name: make skipped tests
         run: |
           make -s test-all TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n/|g;s|^|-n/|;s|$|$$/|'`
         env:
-          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ""
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-v --tty=no"
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-v --tty=no'
           TESTS: ${{ matrix.skipped_tests }}
-          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: 'no'
         if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests != '' }}
         continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-skipped_tests || false }}
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}${{ matrix.configure }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.configure }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+  result:
+    if: ${{ always() }}
+    name: ${{ github.workflow }} result
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    needs: [make]
+    steps:
+      - run: exit 1
+        if: ${{ contains(needs.*.result, 'failure') || contains(needs.*.result, 'cancelled') }}
 
 defaults:
   run:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/mingw.yml b/.github/workflows/mingw.yml
index 6f93aa5392..df879f56b6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/mingw.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/mingw.yml
@@ -3,74 +3,80 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 # Notes:
 # Actions console encoding causes issues, see test-all & test-spec steps
 #
 jobs:
   make:
     runs-on: windows-2022
+
     name: ${{ github.workflow }} (${{ matrix.msystem }})
+
     env:
       MSYSTEM: ${{ matrix.msystem }}
       MSYS2_ARCH: x86_64
-      CHOST: "x86_64-w64-mingw32"
-      CFLAGS:   "-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O3 -pipe -fstack-protector-strong"
-      CXXFLAGS: "-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O3 -pipe"
-      CPPFLAGS: "-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO=1 -DFD_SETSIZE=2048"
-      LDFLAGS:  "-pipe -fstack-protector-strong"
-      UPDATE_UNICODE: "UNICODE_FILES=. UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES=. UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES=. UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES=."
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      CHOST: 'x86_64-w64-mingw32'
+      CFLAGS: '-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O3 -pipe'
+      CXXFLAGS: '-march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O3 -pipe'
+      CPPFLAGS: '-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO=1 -DFD_SETSIZE=2048'
+      LDFLAGS: '-pipe'
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
+
     strategy:
       matrix:
         include:
-          - msystem: "MINGW64"
-            base_ruby: 2.6
-            test_task: "check"
-            test-all-opts: "--name=!/TestObjSpace#test_reachable_objects_during_iteration/"
-          - msystem: "UCRT64"
+          # To mitigate flakiness of MinGW CI, we test only one runtime that newer MSYS2 uses.
+          - msystem: 'UCRT64'
             base_ruby: head
-            test_task: "check"
-            test-all-opts: "--name=!/TestObjSpace#test_reachable_objects_during_iteration/"
+            test_task: 'check'
+            test-all-opts: '--name=!/TestObjSpace#test_reachable_objects_during_iteration/'
       fail-fast: false
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global core.autocrlf false
-          git config --global core.eol lf
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
       - name: Set up Ruby & MSYS2
-        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@036ef458ddccddb148a2b9fb67e95a22fdbf728b # v1.160.0
         with:
           ruby-version: ${{ matrix.base_ruby }}
-      - name: set env
-        run: |
-          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((2 * NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "TEST_JOBS=$((15 * NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS / 10))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: where check
         run: |
@@ -78,92 +84,83 @@ jobs:
           mv /c/Windows/System32/libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll /c/Windows/System32/libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll_
           mv /c/Windows/System32/libssl-1_1-x64.dll    /c/Windows/System32/libssl-1_1-x64.dll_
           result=true
-          for e in gcc.exe ragel.exe make.exe bison.exe libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll libssl-1_1-x64.dll; do
-            echo '##['group']'$'\033[93m'$e$'\033[m'
+          for e in gcc.exe ragel.exe make.exe libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll libssl-1_1-x64.dll; do
+            echo ::group::$'\033[93m'$e$'\033[m'
             where $e || result=false
-            echo '##['endgroup']'
+            echo ::endgroup::
           done
           $result
+        working-directory:
 
       - name: version check
         run: |
           # show version
           result=true
-          for e in gcc ragel make bison "openssl version"; do
+          for e in gcc ragel make "openssl version"; do
             case "$e" in *" "*) ;; *) e="$e --version";; esac
-            echo '##['group']'$'\033[93m'$e$'\033[m'
+            echo ::group::$'\033[93m'$e$'\033[m'
             $e || result=false
-            echo '##['endgroup']'
+            echo ::endgroup::
           done
           $result
+        working-directory:
 
-      - name: autogen
-        run: |
-          ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
 
       - name: configure
         run: >
           ../src/configure --disable-install-doc --prefix=/.
           --build=$CHOST --host=$CHOST --target=$CHOST
 
-      - name: update
-        run: |
-          make incs
-
-      - name: download gems
-        run: |
-          make update-gems
-
       - name: make all
-        timeout-minutes: 20
-        run: |
-          make
-
-      - run: make leaked-globals
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        run: make
 
       - name: make install
-        run: |
-          make DESTDIR=../install install-nodoc
+        run: make DESTDIR=../install install-nodoc
 
       - name: test
-        timeout-minutes: 5
-        run: |
-          make test
-        if: ${{matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test'}}
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        run: make test
+        shell: cmd
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-v --tty=no'
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test' }}
 
       - name: test-all
         timeout-minutes: 45
+        shell: cmd
         run: |
-          # Actions uses UTF8, causes test failures, similar to normal OS setup
-          chcp.com 437
           make ${{ StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'test/') && matrix.test_task || 'test-all' }}
         env:
           RUBY_TESTOPTS: >-
-            -j${{env.TEST_JOBS}} --retry --job-status=normal --show-skip --timeout-scale=1.5
+            --retry --job-status=normal --show-skip --timeout-scale=1.5
             ${{ matrix.test-all-opts }}
           BUNDLER_VERSION:
-        if: ${{matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test-all' || StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'test/')}}
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test-all' || StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'test/') }}
 
       - name: test-spec
         timeout-minutes: 10
         run: |
           make ${{ StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'spec/') && matrix.test_task || 'test-spec' }}
-        if: ${{matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test-spec' || StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'spec/')}}
+        shell: cmd
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' || matrix.test_task == 'test-spec' || StartsWith(matrix.test_task, 'spec/') }}
 
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+      - uses: ./src/.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} ${{ matrix.msystem }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.msystem }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
 
 defaults:
   run:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/mjit.yml b/.github/workflows/mjit.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index b5065288c7..0000000000
--- a/.github/workflows/mjit.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-name: MJIT
-on:
-  push:
-    paths-ignore:
-      - 'doc/**'
-      - '**.md'
-      - '**.rdoc'
-      - '**/.document'
-  pull_request:
-    paths-ignore:
-      - 'doc/**'
-      - '**.md'
-      - '**.rdoc'
-      - '**/.document'
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
-
-jobs:
-  make:
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        test_task: [ "check" ] # to make job names consistent
-        jit_opts: [ "--mjit", "--mjit-wait" ]
-      fail-fast: false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
-    env:
-      TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
-      RUN_OPTS: '--disable-gems ${{ matrix.jit_opts }} --mjit-debug=-ggdb3'
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
-    steps:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: Install libraries
-        run: |
-          set -x
-          sudo apt-get update -q || :
-          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
-      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
-        run: |
-          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
-          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
-          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
-      - name: Set ENV
-        run: |
-          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
-      - name: Run configure
-        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc cppflags=-DVM_CHECK_MODE
-      - run: make incs
-      - run: make
-      - run: sudo make -s install
-      - run: sudo apt-get install gdb # used by test / test-all failure
-      - name: Run test
-        run: |
-          ulimit -c unlimited
-          make -s test RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
-        timeout-minutes: 60
-      - name: Run test-all
-        run: |
-          ulimit -c unlimited
-          make -s test-all RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
-        timeout-minutes: 60
-      - name: Run test-spec
-        run: |
-          ulimit -c unlimited
-          make -s test-spec RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
-        timeout-minutes: 60
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
-        with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.jit_opts }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
-          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/rjit-bindgen.yml b/.github/workflows/rjit-bindgen.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf3c752e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/rjit-bindgen.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+name: RJIT bindgen
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - task: rjit-bindgen
+      fail-fast: false
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Set up Ruby
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@036ef458ddccddb148a2b9fb67e95a22fdbf728b # v1.160.0
+        with:
+          ruby-version: '3.1'
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc --prefix=$(pwd)/install --enable-yjit=dev_nodebug
+
+      - run: make
+
+      - run: make install
+
+      - run: make ${{ matrix.task }}
+
+      - run: git diff --exit-code
+        working-directory: src
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/rjit.yml b/.github/workflows/rjit.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf9122f581
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/rjit.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+name: RJIT
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '**.[1-8]'
+      - '**.ronn'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '**.[1-8]'
+      - '**.ronn'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '**.[1-8]'
+      - '**.ronn'
+      - '.*.yml'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # main variables included in the job name
+        test_task: [check]
+        run_opts: ['--rjit-call-threshold=1']
+        arch: ['']
+      fail-fast: false
+
+    env:
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
+      RUBY_DEBUG: ci
+      SETARCH: ${{ matrix.arch && format('setarch {0}', matrix.arch) }}
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+
+      - name: Run configure
+        env:
+          arch: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+        run: >-
+          $SETARCH ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc cppflags=-DRUBY_DEBUG
+          ${arch:+--target=$arch-$OSTYPE --host=$arch-$OSTYPE}
+
+      - run: $SETARCH make
+
+      - name: make test
+        run: |
+          $SETARCH make -s test RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-v --tty=no'
+          RUN_OPTS: ${{ matrix.run_opts }}
+
+      - name: make test-all
+        run: |
+          $SETARCH make -s test-all RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+        timeout-minutes: 40
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
+          RUN_OPTS: ${{ matrix.run_opts }}
+
+      - name: make test-spec
+        run: |
+          $SETARCH make -s test-spec RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUN_OPTS: ${{ matrix.run_opts }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          label: ${{ matrix.run_opts }}
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51ce54a518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub. They are provided
+# by a third-party and are governed by separate terms of service, privacy
+# policy, and support documentation.
+
+name: Scorecards supply-chain security
+on:
+  # For Branch-Protection check. Only the default branch is supported. See
+  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#branch-protection
+  branch_protection_rule:
+  # To guarantee Maintained check is occasionally updated. See
+  # https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#maintained
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '22 4 * * 2'
+  # push:
+  #   branches: [ "master" ]
+
+# Declare default permissions as read only.
+permissions: read-all
+
+jobs:
+  analysis:
+    name: Scorecards analysis
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      # Needed to upload the results to code-scanning dashboard.
+      security-events: write
+      # Needed to publish results and get a badge (see publish_results below).
+      id-token: write
+      # Uncomment the permissions below if installing in a private repository.
+      # contents: read
+      # actions: read
+
+    steps:
+      - name: 'Checkout code'
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: 'Run analysis'
+        uses: ossf/scorecard-action@0864cf19026789058feabb7e87baa5f140aac736 # v2.3.1
+        with:
+          results_file: results.sarif
+          results_format: sarif
+          # (Optional) Read-only PAT token. Uncomment the `repo_token` line below if:
+          # - you want to enable the Branch-Protection check on a *public* repository, or
+          # - you are installing Scorecards on a *private* repository
+          # To create the PAT, follow the steps in https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#authentication-with-pat.
+          repo_token: ${{ secrets.SCORECARD_READ_TOKEN }}
+
+          # Public repositories:
+          #   - Publish results to OpenSSF REST API for easy access by consumers
+          #   - Allows the repository to include the Scorecard badge.
+          #   - See https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#publishing-results.
+          # For private repositories:
+          #   - `publish_results` will always be set to `false`, regardless
+          #     of the value entered here.
+          publish_results: true
+
+      # Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
+      # format to the repository Actions tab.
+      # - name: "Upload artifact"
+      #   uses: actions/upload-artifact@0b7f8abb1508181956e8e162db84b466c27e18ce # v3.1.2
+      #   with:
+      #     name: SARIF file
+      #     path: results.sarif
+      #     retention-days: 5
+
+      # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
+      - name: 'Upload to code-scanning'
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cdcdbb579706841c47f7063dda365e292e5cad7a # v2.1.27
+        with:
+          sarif_file: results.sarif
diff --git a/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml b/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml
index 7bffe25bb2..e14e7818a6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/spec_guards.yml
@@ -2,56 +2,65 @@ name: Rubyspec Version Guards Check
 
 on:
   push:
-    paths-ignore:
-      - 'doc/**'
-      - '**.md'
-      - '**.rdoc'
-      - '**/.document'
+    paths:
+      - 'spec/**'
+      - '!spec/*.md'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
-      - 'doc/**'
-      - '**.md'
-      - '**.rdoc'
-      - '**/.document'
+      - 'spec/**'
+      - '!spec/*.md'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'spec/**'
+      - '!spec/*.md'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   rubyspec:
     name: Rubyspec
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     strategy:
       matrix:
         # Specs from ruby/spec should still run on all supported Ruby versions.
         # This also ensures the needed ruby_version_is guards are there, see spec/README.md.
         ruby:
-          - ruby-2.7
+          - ruby-3.0
           - ruby-3.1
+          - ruby-3.2
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@036ef458ddccddb148a2b9fb67e95a22fdbf728b # v1.160.0
         with:
           ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
           bundler: none
+
       - run: gem install webrick
+
       - run: ruby ../mspec/bin/mspec
         working-directory: spec/ruby
         env:
           CHECK_LEAKS: true
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ github.workflow }} / rubyspec @ ${{ matrix.ruby }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml b/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
index 6ea8c06b93..93ced0d1d2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
@@ -3,131 +3,129 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
+    # Do not use paths-ignore for required status checks
+    # https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/collaborating-on-repositories-with-code-quality-features/troubleshooting-required-status-checks#handling-skipped-but-required-checks
+  merge_group:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   make:
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        test_task: ["check", "test-syntax-suggest", "test-bundler-parallel", "test-bundled-gems"]
-        os:
-          - ubuntu-20.04
-        configure: ["", "cppflags=-DRUBY_DEBUG"]
+        test_task: [check]
+        arch: ['']
+        configure: ['cppflags=-DVM_CHECK_MODE']
+        # specifying other jobs with `include` to avoid redundant tests
         include:
-          - test_task: "check"
-            configure: ""
+          - test_task: check
             arch: i686
-          - test_task: "check"
-            configure: "--enable-shared --enable-load-relative"
-            skipped_tests: "TestGem#test_.*_from_binstubs.*"
-            continue-on-skipped_tests: true
-          - test_task: "test-all TESTS=--repeat-count=2"
+          - test_task: check
+            configure: '--disable-yjit'
+          - test_task: check
+            configure: '--enable-shared --enable-load-relative'
+          - test_task: test-bundler-parallel
+          - test_task: test-bundled-gems
       fail-fast: false
+
     env:
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
       RUBY_DEBUG: ci
-      SETARCH: ${{ matrix.arch && format('setarch {0}', matrix.arch) }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os || 'ubuntu-20.04' }}
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: Set ENV
-        env:
-          configure: ${{matrix.configure}}
-        run: |
-          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Install libraries
-        env:
-          arch: ${{matrix.arch}}
-        run: |
-          set -x
-          arch=${arch:+:${arch/i[3-6]86/i386}}
-          ${arch:+sudo dpkg --add-architecture ${arch#:}}
-          sudo apt-get update -q || :
-          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y \
-          ${arch:+cross}build-essential${arch/:/-} \
-          libssl-dev${arch} libyaml-dev${arch} libreadline6-dev${arch} \
-          zlib1g-dev${arch} libncurses5-dev${arch} libffi-dev${arch} \
-          bison autoconf ruby
-          sudo apt-get install -q -y pkg-config${arch} || :
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
         with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
         with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
-      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
-        run: |
-          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
-          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
-          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
+          arch: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+          dummy-files: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
       - name: Run configure
         env:
-          arch: ${{matrix.arch}}
+          arch: ${{ matrix.arch }}
+          configure: ${{ matrix.configure }}
         run: >-
-          $SETARCH ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc ${{ matrix.configure }}
+          $SETARCH ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc ${configure:-cppflags=-DRUBY_DEBUG}
           ${arch:+--target=$arch-$OSTYPE --host=$arch-$OSTYPE}
-      - run: $SETARCH make incs
+
       - run: $SETARCH make prepare-gems
         if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
+
       - run: $SETARCH make
-      - run: $SETARCH make leaked-globals
-        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
-      - name: Create dummy files in build dir
-        run: |
-          $SETARCH ./miniruby -e '(("a".."z").to_a+("A".."Z").to_a+("0".."9").to_a+%w[foo bar test zzz]).each{|basename|File.write("#{basename}.rb", "raise %(do not load #{basename}.rb)")}'
-        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
       - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
-        run: |
-          $SETARCH make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${TESTS:+TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n!/|g;s|^|-n!/|;s|$|$$/|'`}
+        run: >-
+          $SETARCH make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }}
+          ${TESTS:+TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n!/|g;s|^|-n!/|;s|$|$$/|'`}
+          ${{ !contains(matrix.test_task, 'bundle') && 'RUBYOPT=-w' || '' }}
         timeout-minutes: 40
         env:
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
           TESTS: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests || '' }}
-          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
-          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ''
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: 'no'
+
       - name: make skipped tests
         run: |
           $SETARCH make -s test-all TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n/|g;s|^|-n/|;s|$|$$/|'`
         env:
-          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ""
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-v --tty=no"
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-v --tty=no'
           TESTS: ${{ matrix.skipped_tests }}
         if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests != '' }}
         continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-skipped_tests || false }}
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}${{ matrix.configure }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.configure }}${{ matrix.arch }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+  result:
+    if: ${{ always() }}
+    name: ${{ github.workflow }} result
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [make]
+    steps:
+      - run: exit 1
+        if: ${{ contains(needs.*.result, 'failure') || contains(needs.*.result, 'cancelled') }}
 
 defaults:
   run:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/wasm.yml b/.github/workflows/wasm.yml
index 713444b741..f69df0f58d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/wasm.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/wasm.yml
@@ -3,58 +3,85 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions: # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   make:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         entry:
 #         # wasmtime can't compile non-optimized Asyncified binary due to locals explosion
-#         - { name: O0-debuginfo, optflags: "-O0", debugflags: "-g", wasmoptflags: "-O1" }
-#         - { name: O1,           optflags: "-O1", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O1" }
-          - { name: O2,           optflags: "-O2", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O2" }
-#         - { name: O3,           optflags: "-O3", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O3" }
+#         - { name: O0-debuginfo, optflags: '-O0', debugflags: '-g', wasmoptflags: '-O1' }
+#         - { name: O1,           optflags: '-O1', debugflags: ''  , wasmoptflags: '-O1' }
+          - { name: O2, optflags: '-O2', debugflags: '', wasmoptflags: '-O2' }
+#         - { name: O3,           optflags: '-O3', debugflags: ''  , wasmoptflags: '-O3' }
 #         # -O4 is equivalent to -O3 in clang, but it's different in wasm-opt
-#         - { name: O4,           optflags: "-O3", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-O4" }
-#         - { name: Oz,           optflags: "-Oz", debugflags: ""  , wasmoptflags: "-Oz" }
+#         - { name: O4,           optflags: '-O3', debugflags: ''  , wasmoptflags: '-O4' }
+#         - { name: Oz,           optflags: '-Oz', debugflags: ''  , wasmoptflags: '-Oz' }
       fail-fast: false
+
     env:
       RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
-      WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR: 14
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
+      WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR: 20
       WASI_SDK_VERSION_MINOR: 0
-      BINARYEN_VERSION: 109
-      WASMTIME_VERSION: v0.33.0
+      BINARYEN_VERSION: 113
+      WASMTIME_VERSION: v15.0.0
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
         with:
-          path: src
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+
       - name: Install libraries
         run: |
           set -ex
           sudo apt-get update -q || :
-          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y ruby bison make autoconf git wget
+          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y ruby make autoconf git wget
 
           wasi_sdk_deb="wasi-sdk_${WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR}.${WASI_SDK_VERSION_MINOR}_amd64.deb"
           wget "https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-${WASI_SDK_VERSION_MAJOR}/${wasi_sdk_deb}"
@@ -73,17 +100,27 @@ jobs:
           wget -O - "$binaryen_url" | tar xfz -
           sudo ln -fs "$PWD/binaryen-version_${BINARYEN_VERSION}/bin/wasm-opt" /usr/local/bin/wasm-opt
         working-directory: src
+
       - name: Set ENV
         run: |
-          echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(sysctl -n hw.activecpu)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo "WASI_SDK_PATH=/opt/wasi-sdk" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
+
+      - name: Build baseruby
+        run: |
+          set -ex
+          mkdir ../baseruby
+          pushd ../baseruby
+          ../src/configure --prefix=$PWD/install
+          make
+          make install
+
       - name: Run configure
         run: |
           ../src/configure \
             --host wasm32-unknown-wasi \
+            --with-baseruby=$PWD/../baseruby/install/bin/ruby \
             --with-static-linked-ext \
+            --with-ext=bigdecimal,cgi/escape,continuation,coverage,date,dbm,digest/bubblebabble,digest,digest/md5,digest/rmd160,digest/sha1,digest/sha2,etc,fcntl,fiber,gdbm,json,json/generator,json/parser,nkf,objspace,pathname,racc/cparse,rbconfig/sizeof,ripper,stringio,strscan,monitor \
             LDFLAGS=" \
               -Xlinker --stack-first \
               -Xlinker -z -Xlinker stack-size=16777216 \
@@ -92,16 +129,34 @@ jobs:
             debugflags="${{ matrix.entry.debugflags }}" \
             wasmoptflags="${{ matrix.entry.wasmoptflags }} ${{ matrix.entry.debugflags }}"
 
-      - run: make ruby
+      # miniruby may not be built when cross-compling
+      - run: make mini ruby
+
+      - run: make install DESTDIR=$PWD/../install
+      - run: tar cfz ../install.tar.gz -C ../install .
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@a8a3f3ad30e3422c9c7b888a15615d19a852ae32 # v3.1.3
+        with:
+          name: ruby-wasm-install
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/install.tar.gz
+
       - name: Run basictest
         run: wasmtime run ./../build/miniruby --mapdir /::./ -- basictest/test.rb
         working-directory: src
+
       - name: Run bootstraptest (no thread)
         run: |
           NO_THREAD_TESTS="$(grep -L Thread -R ./bootstraptest | awk -F/ '{ print $NF }' | uniq | sed -n 's/test_\(.*\).rb/\1/p' | paste -s -d, -)"
           ruby ./bootstraptest/runner.rb --ruby="$(which wasmtime) run $PWD/../build/ruby --mapdir /::./ -- " --verbose "--sets=$NO_THREAD_TESTS"
         working-directory: src
 
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          label: ${{ matrix.entry.name }}
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
 defaults:
   run:
     working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/windows.yml b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
index 4418c78d81..8b34f962fe 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
@@ -3,20 +3,35 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   make:
     strategy:
@@ -25,130 +40,160 @@ jobs:
           - vs: 2019
           - vs: 2022
       fail-fast: false
+
     runs-on: windows-${{ matrix.vs < 2022 && '2019' || matrix.vs }}
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     name: VisualStudio ${{ matrix.vs }}
+
     env:
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
-      PATCH: C:\msys64\usr\bin\patch.exe
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
       OS_VER: windows-${{ matrix.vs < 2022 && '2019' || matrix.vs }}
+      # FIXME: This is a workaround for the vcpkg's issue present as of openssl 3.1.1
+      # where OpenSSL's default modules directory is incorrectly set to C:\vcpkg\packages\openssl_x64-windows\bin
+      # cf. https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/635#issuecomment-1596833720
+      OPENSSL_MODULES: C:\vcpkg\installed\x64-windows\bin
+
     steps:
       - run: md build
         working-directory:
-      - uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
+
+      - name: find tools
+        id: find-tools
+        run: |
+          ::- find needed tools
+          set NEEDS=
+          for %%I in (%NEEDED_TOOLS%) do if "%%~$PATH:I" == "" (
+            call set NEEDS=%%NEEDS%% %%~nI
+          ) else (
+            echo %%I: %%~$PATH:I
+          )
+          echo.needs=%NEEDS%>>%GITHUB_OUTPUT%
+          if "%NEEDS%" == "" (
+            echo [debug] All needed tools found
+          ) else (
+            echo [warning^]Needs%NEEDS%
+          )
+        env:
+          NEEDED_TOOLS: >-
+            patch.exe
+
+      - uses: msys2/setup-msys2@d40200dc2db4c351366b048a9565ad82919e1c24 # v2
         id: setup-msys2
         with:
           update: true
           install: >-
-            patch
-        if: ${{ env.OS_VER != 'windows-2019' }}
-      - name: patch path
-        shell: msys2 {0}
-        run: echo PATCH=$(cygpath -wa $(command -v patch)) >> $GITHUB_ENV
-        if: ${{ steps.setup-msys2.outcome == 'success' }}
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+            ${{ steps.find-tools.outputs.needs }}
+        if: ${{ steps.find-tools.outputs.needs != '' }}
+
+      - uses: actions/cache@704facf57e6136b1bc63b828d79edcd491f0ee84 # v3.3.2
         with:
           path: C:\vcpkg\downloads
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-download-${{ env.OS_VER }}-${{ github.sha }}
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-download-${{ env.OS_VER }}-
             ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-download-
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+
+      - uses: actions/cache@704facf57e6136b1bc63b828d79edcd491f0ee84 # v3.3.2
         with:
           path: C:\vcpkg\installed
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ github.sha }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-${{ env.OS_VER }}-${{ github.sha }}
           restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-${{ matrix.os }}-
+            ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-${{ env.OS_VER }}-
             ${{ runner.os }}-vcpkg-installed-
+
       - name: Install libraries with vcpkg
         run: |
           vcpkg --triplet x64-windows install libffi libyaml openssl readline zlib
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: C:\Users\runneradmin\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-chocolatey-${{ env.OS_VER }}-${{ github.sha }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-chocolatey-${{ env.OS_VER }}-
-            ${{ runner.os }}-chocolatey-
-      - name: Install libraries with chocolatey
+
+      - name: Install libraries with scoop
         run: |
-          # Using Choco-Install for retries, but it doesn't detect failures properly
-          # if you pass multiple package names in a single command.
-          Choco-Install -PackageName winflexbison3
+          iex "& {$(irm get.scoop.sh)} -RunAsAdmin"
+          Join-Path (Resolve-Path ~).Path "scoop\shims" >> $Env:GITHUB_PATH
         shell: pwsh
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global core.autocrlf false
-          git config --global core.eol lf
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
         with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
         with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+
       - name: setup env
         # %TEMP% is inconsistent with %TMP% and test-all expects they are consistent.
         # https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments/issues/712#issuecomment-613004302
         run: |
           set VS=${{ matrix.vs }}
-          set VCVARS=${{ matrix.vcvars }}
+          set VCVARS=${{ matrix.vcvars || '' }}
           if not "%VCVARS%" == "" goto :vcset
             set VCVARS="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\%VS%\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
             if not exist %VCVARS% set VCVARS="C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\%VS%\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
           :vcset
           set | C:\msys64\usr\bin\sort > old.env
           call %VCVARS%
+          nmake -f nul
           set TMP=%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp
           set TEMP=%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp
+          set MAKEFLAGS=l
           set /a TEST_JOBS=(15 * %NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS% / 10) > nul
           set | C:\msys64\usr\bin\sort > new.env
           C:\msys64\usr\bin\comm -13 old.env new.env >> %GITHUB_ENV%
           del *.env
+
       - name: compiler version
         run: cl
+
       - name: link libraries
         run: |
           for %%I in (C:\vcpkg\installed\x64-windows\bin\*.dll) do (
             if not %%~nI == readline mklink %%~nxI %%I
           )
+      # We use OpenSSL instealled by vcpkg instead
+      - name: disable system OpenSSL
+        run: |
           for %%I in (libcrypto-1_1-x64 libssl-1_1-x64) do (
             ren c:\Windows\System32\%%I.dll %%I.dll_
           )
+        # windows-2019 image doesn't have OpenSSL as of 2023/9/14
+        if: ${{ matrix.vs != 2019 }}
+
       - name: Configure
         run: >-
           ../src/win32/configure.bat --disable-install-doc
           --with-opt-dir=C:/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows
+
       - run: nmake incs
+
       - run: nmake extract-extlibs
+
       - run: nmake
-        env:
-          YACC: win_bison
+
       - run: nmake test
         timeout-minutes: 5
+
+      - run: nmake test-spec
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+
       - run: nmake test-all
         env:
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: -j${{env.TEST_JOBS}} --job-status=normal
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: -j${{ env.TEST_JOBS || 4 }} --job-status=normal
         timeout-minutes: 60
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-error || false }}
-      - run: nmake test-spec
-        timeout-minutes: 10
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-error || false }}
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
         with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "VS${{ matrix.vs }} / ${{ matrix.test_task || 'check' }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
-        env:
+          label: VS${{ matrix.vs }} / ${{ matrix.test_task || 'check' }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
 
 defaults:
   run:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/yjit-macos.yml b/.github/workflows/yjit-macos.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..11e200a619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/yjit-macos.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+name: YJIT macOS Arm64
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+  pull_request:
+    # Do not use paths-ignore for required status checks
+    # https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/collaborating-on-repositories-with-code-quality-features/troubleshooting-required-status-checks#handling-skipped-but-required-checks
+  merge_group:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
+      - '**.md'
+      - '**.rdoc'
+      - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  cargo:
+    name: cargo test
+
+    runs-on: macos-arm-oss
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' &&
+      !(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
+      - run: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo test
+        working-directory: yjit
+
+      # Also compile and test with all features enabled
+      - run: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo test --all-features
+        working-directory: yjit
+
+      # Check that we can build in release mode too
+      - run: cargo build --release
+        working-directory: yjit
+
+  make:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - test_task: 'check'
+            configure: '--enable-yjit'
+            yjit_opts: '--yjit'
+          - test_task: 'check'
+            configure: '--enable-yjit=dev'
+            yjit_opts: '--yjit-call-threshold=1 --yjit-verify-ctx --yjit-code-gc'
+      fail-fast: false
+
+    env:
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
+      RUN_OPTS: ${{ matrix.yjit_opts }}
+
+    runs-on: macos-arm-oss
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' &&
+      !(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - name: Install libraries
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup/macos
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+          dummy-files: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
+      - name: Run configure
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc ${{ matrix.configure }}
+
+      - run: make prepare-gems
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
+
+      - run: make
+
+      - name: Enable YJIT through ENV
+        run: echo "RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
+        run: |
+          make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${TESTS:+TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n!/|g;s|^|-n!/|;s|$|$$/|'`}
+        timeout-minutes: 60
+        env:
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
+          TESTS: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests || '' }}
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ''
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: 'no'
+
+      - name: make skipped tests
+        run: |
+          make -s test-all TESTS=`echo "$TESTS" | sed 's| |$$/ -n/|g;s|^|-n/|;s|$|$$/|'`
+        env:
+          GNUMAKEFLAGS: ''
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-v --tty=no'
+          TESTS: ${{ matrix.skipped_tests }}
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: 'no'
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' && matrix.skipped_tests != '' }}
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.continue-on-skipped_tests || false }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          label: ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.configure }} ${{ matrix.yjit_opts }}
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+  result:
+    if: ${{ always() && github.repository == 'ruby/ruby' }}
+    name: ${{ github.workflow }} result
+    runs-on: macos-arm-oss
+    needs: [make]
+    steps:
+      - run: exit 1
+        if: ${{ contains(needs.*.result, 'failure') || contains(needs.*.result, 'cancelled') }}
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: build
diff --git a/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml b/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml
index bf90b80efb..ec8483b7d1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/yjit-ubuntu.yml
@@ -3,133 +3,199 @@ on:
   push:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
   pull_request:
+    # Do not use paths-ignore for required status checks
+    # https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/collaborating-on-repositories-with-code-quality-features/troubleshooting-required-status-checks#handling-skipped-but-required-checks
+  merge_group:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'doc/**'
+      - '**/man'
       - '**.md'
       - '**.rdoc'
       - '**/.document'
+      - '.*.yml'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   cargo:
-    name: Rust cargo test
+    name: cargo test
+
     # GitHub Action's image seems to already contain a Rust 1.58.0.
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
       # For now we can't run cargo test --offline because it complains about the
       # capstone dependency, even though the dependency is optional
       #- run: cargo test --offline
+
       - run: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo test
         working-directory: yjit
+
       # Also compile and test with all features enabled
       - run: RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo test --all-features
         working-directory: yjit
+
       # Check that we can build in release mode too
       - run: cargo build --release
         working-directory: yjit
+
+  lint:
+    name: cargo clippy
+
+    # GitHub Action's image seems to already contain a Rust 1.58.0.
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+
+      # Check that we don't have linting errors in release mode, too
+      - run: cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features
+        working-directory: yjit
+
   make:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         include:
-          - test_task: "check-yjit-bindings"
-            configure: "--with-gcc=clang-12 --enable-yjit=dev"
+          - test_task: 'yjit-bindgen'
+            hint: 'To fix: use patch in logs'
+            configure: '--with-gcc=clang-12 --enable-yjit=dev'
+
+          - test_task: 'check'
+            # YJIT should be automatically built in release mode on x86-64 Linux with rustc present
+            #configure: "--enable-yjit RUSTC='rustc +1.58.0'"
+            configure: "RUSTC='rustc +1.58.0'"
+            rust_version: '1.58.0'
 
-          - test_task: "check"
-            configure: "--enable-yjit RUSTC='rustc +1.58.1'" # release build
-            rust_version: "1.58.1"
+          - test_task: 'check'
+            configure: '--enable-yjit=dev'
 
-          - test_task: "check"
-            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+          - test_task: 'check'
+            configure: '--enable-yjit=dev'
+            yjit_opts: '--yjit-call-threshold=1 --yjit-verify-ctx --yjit-code-gc'
 
-          - test_task: "check"
-            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
-            yjit_opts: "--yjit-call-threshold=1"
+          - test_task: 'test-bundled-gems'
+            configure: '--enable-yjit=dev'
 
-          - test_task: "test-all TESTS=--repeat-count=2"
-            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
+          - test_task: 'yjit-bench'
+            configure: '--enable-yjit=dev'
+            yjit_bench_opts: '--yjit-stats'
 
-          - test_task: "test-bundled-gems"
-            configure: "--enable-yjit=dev"
     env:
-      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{github.ref}}
+      GITPULLOPTIONS: --no-tags origin ${{ github.ref }}
       RUN_OPTS: ${{ matrix.yjit_opts }}
+      YJIT_BENCH_OPTS: ${{ matrix.yjit_bench_opts }}
       RUBY_DEBUG: ci
+      BUNDLE_JOBS: 8 # for yjit-bench
+      RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
+
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]') && !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation') }}
+
+    if: >-
+      ${{!(false
+      || contains(github.event.head_commit.message, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.title, '[DOC]')
+      || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Documentation')
+      || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )}}
+
     steps:
-      - run: mkdir build
-        working-directory:
-      - name: Install libraries
-        run: |
-          set -x
-          sudo apt-get update -q || :
-          sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends -q -y build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev bison autoconf ruby
+      - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
+          sparse-checkout: /.github
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/ubuntu
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup/directories
+        with:
+          srcdir: src
+          builddir: build
+          makeup: true
+          dummy-files: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
       - name: Install Rust
         if: ${{ matrix.rust_version }}
         run: rustup install ${{ matrix.rust_version }} --profile minimal
-      - name: git config
-        run: |
-          git config --global advice.detachedHead 0
-          git config --global init.defaultBranch garbage
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-        with:
-          path: src
-      - uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: src/.downloaded-cache
-          key: downloaded-cache
-      - name: Fixed world writable dirs
-        run: |
-          chmod -v go-w $HOME $HOME/.config
-          sudo chmod -R go-w /usr/share
-          sudo bash -c 'IFS=:; for d in '"$PATH"'; do chmod -v go-w $d; done' || :
-      - name: Set ENV
-        run: |
-          echo "GNUMAKEFLAGS=-j$((1 + $(nproc --all)))" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - run: ./autogen.sh
-        working-directory: src
+
       - name: Run configure
-        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc ${{ matrix.configure }}
+        run: ../src/configure -C --disable-install-doc --prefix=$(pwd)/install ${{ matrix.configure }}
+
       - run: make incs
+
       - run: make prepare-gems
         if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'test-bundled-gems' }}
-      - run: make -j
-      - run: make leaked-globals
-        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
-      - name: Create dummy files in build dir
-        run: |
-          ./miniruby -e '(("a".."z").to_a+("A".."Z").to_a+("0".."9").to_a+%w[foo bar test zzz]).each{|basename|File.write("#{basename}.rb", "raise %(do not load #{basename}.rb)")}'
-        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'check' }}
+
+      - run: make
+
       - name: Enable YJIT through ENV
         run: echo "RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - run: make -s ${{ matrix.test_task }} RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS"
+
+      # Check that the binary was built with YJIT
+      - name: Check YJIT enabled
+        run: ./miniruby --yjit -v | grep "+YJIT"
+
+      - name: make ${{ matrix.test_task }}
+        run: make -s -j ${{ matrix.test_task }} RUN_OPTS="$RUN_OPTS" MSPECOPT=--debug YJIT_BENCH_OPTS="$YJIT_BENCH_OPTS" YJIT_BINDGEN_DIFF_OPTS="$YJIT_BINDGEN_DIFF_OPTS"
         timeout-minutes: 60
         env:
-          RUBY_TESTOPTS: "-q --tty=no"
-          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: ""
-          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: "no"
-      - uses: k0kubun/action-slack@v2.0.0
-        with:
-          payload: |
-            {
-              "ci": "GitHub Actions",
-              "env": "${{ matrix.os }} / ${{ matrix.test_task }}${{ matrix.configure }}",
-              "url": "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}",
-              "commit": "${{ github.sha }}",
-              "branch": "${{ github.ref }}".split('/').reverse()[0]
-            }
+          RUBY_TESTOPTS: '-q --tty=no'
+          TEST_BUNDLED_GEMS_ALLOW_FAILURES: 'rbs'
+          PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS: 'no'
+          SYNTAX_SUGGEST_TIMEOUT: '5'
+          YJIT_BINDGEN_DIFF_OPTS: '--exit-code'
+        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'yjit-bench' }}
+
+      - name: Show ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref }} GitHub URL for yjit-bench comparison
+        run: echo "https://github.com/${BASE_REPO}/commit/${BASE_SHA}"
         env:
+          BASE_REPO: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name }}
+          BASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
+        if: ${{ matrix.test_task == 'yjit-bench' && startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
+
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/slack
+        with:
+          label: ${{ matrix.test_task }} ${{ matrix.configure }}
           SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SIMPLER_ALERTS_URL }} # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot
-        if: ${{ failure() && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        if: ${{ failure() }}
+
+  result:
+    if: ${{ always() }}
+    name: ${{ github.workflow }} result
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [make]
+    steps:
+      - run: exit 1
+        if: ${{ contains(needs.*.result, 'failure') || contains(needs.*.result, 'cancelled') }}
 
 defaults:
   run:
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index c12ec27782..f402bf2155 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 *.inc
 *.log
 *.o
+*.o.tmp
 *.obj
 *.old
 *.orig
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
 *.sav
 *.sl
 *.so
+*.so.*
 *.swp
 *.yarb
 *~
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ y.tab.c
 *.gcno
 *.gcov
 *.vscode
+!misc/.vscode
 lcov*.info
 
 # /
@@ -121,6 +124,7 @@ lcov*.info
 /repack
 /revision.h
 /revision.tmp
+/ripper.tmp.y
 /riscos
 /rubicon
 /ruby
@@ -145,6 +149,8 @@ lcov*.info
 
 /bin/*.exe
 /bin/*.dll
+/bin/goruby
+/bin/ruby
 
 # /benchmark/
 /benchmark/bm_require.data
@@ -199,8 +205,10 @@ lcov*.info
 
 # /ext/ripper/
 /ext/ripper/eventids1.c
+/ext/ripper/eventids1.h
 /ext/ripper/.eventids2-check
 /ext/ripper/eventids2table.c
+/ext/ripper/ripper_init.c
 /ext/ripper/ripper.*
 /ext/ripper/ids1
 /ext/ripper/ids2
@@ -222,8 +230,9 @@ lcov*.info
 # /misc/
 /misc/**/__pycache__
 
-# /spec/bundler
+# for `make test-bundler`
 /.rspec_status
+/tool/bundler/*.lock
 
 # /tool/
 /tool/config.guess
@@ -232,10 +241,37 @@ lcov*.info
 # /win32/
 /win32/*.ico
 
-# MJIT
-/rb_mjit_header.h
-/mjit_config.h
-/include/ruby-*/*/rb_mjit_min_header-*.h
+# RJIT
+/include/ruby-*/*/rb_rjit_min_header-*.h
+/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/instruction.rb
+/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/instruction.rb
+/rjit_config.h
+/rb_rjit_header.h*
+
+# YJIT
+/yjit-bench
+/yjit_exit_locations.dump
 
 # /wasm/
 /wasm/tests/*.wasm
+
+# prism
+/lib/prism/compiler.rb
+/lib/prism/dispatcher.rb
+/lib/prism/dot_visitor.rb
+/lib/prism/dsl.rb
+/lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb
+/lib/prism/node.rb
+/lib/prism/serialize.rb
+/lib/prism/visitor.rb
+/prism/api_node.c
+/prism/ast.h
+/prism/node.c
+/prism/prettyprint.c
+/prism/serialize.c
+/prism/token_type.c
+
+# tool/update-NEWS-gemlist.rb
+/bundled_gems.json
+/default_gems.json
+/gems/default_gems
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 6875c766a9..741c0a32ef 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -6,63 +6,46 @@
 # conditions  mentioned in  the file  COPYING are  met.  Consult  the  file for
 # details.
 
-# We only manage non-amd64 free pipelines.
-# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/billing-overview/
+# When you see Travis CI issues, or you are interested in understanding how to
+# manage, please check the link below.
+# https://github.com/ruby/ruby/wiki/CI-Servers#travis-ci
+
+# We enable Travis on the specific branches or forked repositories here.
+if: >-
+  (repo != ruby/ruby OR branch = master OR branch =~ /^ruby_\d_\d$/)
+  AND (commit_message !~ /\[DOC\]/)
 
 language: c
 
 os: linux
 
-if: commit_message !~ /\[DOC\]/
-
-dist: focal
+dist: jammy
 
 git:
   quiet: true
 
-cache:
-  ccache: true
-  directories:
-    - $HOME/config_2nd
-    - $HOME/.downloaded-cache
-
 env:
   global:
-    # The tests skipped in `make test-all`.
-    - TEST_ALL_SKIPPED_TESTS=
-    # The tests executed separately by `make test-all`.
-    - TEST_ALL_SEPARATED_TESTS=
-    # Reset timestamps early
-    - _=$(touch NEWS && find . -type f -exec touch -r NEWS {} +)
-    - CONFIGURE_TTY=no
-    - CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK=none
-    - CCACHE_NOCOMPRESS=1
-    - CCACHE_MAXSIZE=512Mi
-    - NPROC="`nproc`"
-    # JOBS and SETARCH are overridden when necessary; see below.
-    - JOBS=-j$((1+${NPROC}))
+    - NPROC="$(nproc)"
+    - JOBS="-j${NPROC}"
+    # SETARCH are overridden when necessary. See below.
     - SETARCH=
-    - RUBY_PREFIX=/tmp/ruby-prefix
-    - GEMS_FOR_TEST='timezone tzinfo'
     # https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-build/blob/e411371dda21430a60f61b8f3f57943d2fe4d344/lib/travis/build/bash/travis_apt_get_options.bash#L7
     - travis_apt_get_options='--allow-downgrades --allow-remove-essential --allow-change-held-packages'
     - travis_apt_get_options="-yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends $travis_apt_get_options"
-    # -O1 is faster than -O3 in our tests.
-    - optflags=-O1
-    # -g0 disables backtraces when SEGV.  Do not set that.
+    # -g0 disables backtraces when SEGV. Do not set that.
     - debugflags=-ggdb3
+    - RUBY_TESTOPTS="$JOBS -q --tty=no"
 
 .org.ruby-lang.ci.matrix-definitions:
-
-  - &gcc-10
-    compiler: gcc-10
+  - &gcc-11
+    compiler: gcc-11
     before_install:
       - tool/travis_retry.sh sudo bash -c "rm -rf '${TRAVIS_ROOT}/var/lib/apt/lists/'* && exec apt-get update -yq"
       - >-
         tool/travis_retry.sh sudo -E apt-get $travis_apt_get_options install
-        ccache
-        gcc-10
-        g++-10
+        gcc-11
+        g++-11
         libffi-dev
         libncurses-dev
         libncursesw5-dev
@@ -71,40 +54,42 @@ env:
         libyaml-dev
         openssl
         zlib1g-dev
-
-  # --------
-
+      - gcc-11 --version
   - &arm64-linux
     name: arm64-linux
     arch: arm64
-    <<: *gcc-10
-
+    <<: *gcc-11
   - &ppc64le-linux
     name: ppc64le-linux
     arch: ppc64le
-    <<: *gcc-10
-
+    <<: *gcc-11
   - &s390x-linux
     name: s390x-linux
     arch: s390x
-    <<: *gcc-10
-
+    <<: *gcc-11
+    env:
+      # Avoid possible test failures with the zlib applying the following patch
+      # on s390x CPU architecture.
+      # https://github.com/madler/zlib/pull/410
+      - DFLTCC=0
   - &arm32-linux
     name: arm32-linux
     arch: arm64
-    # https://packages.ubuntu.com/focal/crossbuild-essential-armhf
+    # https://packages.ubuntu.com/jammy/crossbuild-essential-armhf
     compiler: arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
     env:
       - SETARCH='setarch linux32 --verbose --32bit'
-      # The "TestReadline#test_interrupt_in_other_thread" started failing on arm32
-      # from https://www.travis-ci.com/github/ruby/ruby/jobs/529005145
-      - TEST_ALL_SKIPPED_TESTS=test_interrupt_in_other_thread
+      # Still keep the -O1 for only arm32, while we want to test with the
+      # default optflags -O3.
+      # Because bootstraptest/test_ractor.rb fails with segfualt with the
+      # default -O3.
+      # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19981
+      - optflags=-O1
     before_install:
       - sudo dpkg --add-architecture armhf
       - tool/travis_retry.sh sudo bash -c "rm -rf '${TRAVIS_ROOT}/var/lib/apt/lists/'* && exec apt-get update -yq"
       - >-
         tool/travis_retry.sh sudo -E apt-get $travis_apt_get_options install
-        ccache
         crossbuild-essential-armhf
         libc6:armhf
         libstdc++-10-dev:armhf
@@ -113,122 +98,55 @@ env:
         libncursesw5-dev:armhf
         libreadline-dev:armhf
         libssl-dev:armhf
+        libyaml-dev:armhf
         linux-libc-dev:armhf
         zlib1g-dev:armhf
 
 matrix:
   include:
-    # Build every commit (Allowed Failures):
-    - <<: *arm32-linux
-    # Comment out as the 2nd arm64 pipeline is unstable.
-    # - <<: *arm64-linux
+    - <<: *arm64-linux
     - <<: *ppc64le-linux
     - <<: *s390x-linux
+    # FIXME: lib/rubygems/util.rb:104 glob_files_in_dir -
+    # <internal:dir>:411:in glob: File name too long - (Errno::ENAMETOOLONG)
+    # https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/issues/7132
+    - <<: *arm32-linux
   allow_failures:
-    # We see multiple errors indicating errors on the Travis environment itself in a short while:
-    # https://app.travis-ci.com/github/ruby/ruby/jobs/544382885
-    # https://app.travis-ci.com/github/ruby/ruby/jobs/544361370
-    # It's not a fault of Ruby's arm32 support but just Travis arm32 seems unsable.
-    - name: arm32-linux
+    # Allow failures for the unstable jobs.
     # - name: arm64-linux
-    # We see "Some worker was crashed." in about 40% of recent ppc64le-linux jobs
-    # e.g. https://app.travis-ci.com/github/ruby/ruby/jobs/530959548
-    - name: ppc64le-linux
-    # Tentatively disable, because often hungs up **after** all tests
-    # have finished successfully and saving caches.
-    - name: s390x-linux
+    # - name: ppc64le-linux
+    # - name: s390x-linux
+    # The 2nd arm64 pipeline may be unstable.
+    # - name: arm32-linux
   fast_finish: true
 
 before_script:
-  - . tool/ci_functions.sh
-  - |-
-    if [ -n "${TEST_ALL_SKIPPED_TESTS}" ]; then
-      TEST_ALL_OPTS="${TEST_ALL_OPTS} $(ci_to_excluded_test_opts "${TEST_ALL_SKIPPED_TESTS}")"
-      if [ -z "${TEST_ALL_SEPARATED_TESTS}" ]; then
-        TEST_ALL_SEPARATED_TESTS="${TEST_ALL_SKIPPED_TESTS}"
-      fi
-    fi
-  - |-
-    if [ -n "${TEST_ALL_SEPARATED_TESTS}" ]; then
-      TEST_ALL_OPTS_SEPARATED="$(ci_to_included_test_opts "${TEST_ALL_SEPARATED_TESTS}")"
-    fi
-  - echo TEST_ALL_OPTS="${TEST_ALL_OPTS}" TEST_ALL_OPTS_SEPARATED="${TEST_ALL_OPTS_SEPARATED}"
-  - rm -fr .ext autom4te.cache
-  - |-
-    [ -d ~/.downloaded-cache ] ||
-    mkdir ~/.downloaded-cache
-  - ln -s ~/.downloaded-cache
-  - "> config.status"
-  - "> .rbconfig.time"
-  - sed -f tool/prereq.status template/Makefile.in common.mk > Makefile
-  - make -s $JOBS up
-  - make -s $JOBS srcs
-  - rm -f config.status Makefile rbconfig.rb .rbconfig.time
-  - |-
-    if [ -d ~/config_2nd ]; then
-      cp -pr ~/config_2nd build
-    else
-      mkdir build
-    fi
-  - mkdir config_1st config_2nd
-  - chmod -R a-w .
-  - chmod -R u+w build config_1st config_2nd
+  - ./autogen.sh
+  - mkdir build
   - cd build
-  - |-
-    case "$CC" in
-    gcc*)   CC="ccache $CC${GCC_FLAGS:+ }$GCC_FLAGS -fno-diagnostics-color";;
-    clang*) CC="ccache $CC${GCC_FLAGS:+ }$GCC_FLAGS -fno-color-diagnostics";;
-    esac
-  - |-
-    [ ! -f config.cache ] ||
-    [ "$CC" = "`sed -n s/^ac_cv_prog_CC=//p config.cache`" ] ||
-    (set -x; exec rm config.cache)
-  - $SETARCH ../configure -C --disable-install-doc --prefix=$RUBY_PREFIX $CONFIG_FLAG
-  - cp -pr config.cache config.status .ext/include ../config_1st
-  - $SETARCH make reconfig
-  - cp -pr config.cache config.status .ext/include ../config_2nd
-  - (cd .. && exec diff -ru config_1st config_2nd)
-  - chmod u+w ..
-  - rm -rf ~/config_2nd
-  - mv ../config_2nd ~
-  - chmod u-w ..
+  - $SETARCH ../configure -C --disable-install-doc --prefix=$(pwd)/install
   - $SETARCH make -s $JOBS
-  - make -s install
-  - |-
-    [ -z "${GEMS_FOR_TEST}" ] ||
-    $RUBY_PREFIX/bin/gem install --no-document $GEMS_FOR_TEST
-  - echo "raise 'do not load ~/.irbrc in test'" > ~/.irbrc
+  - make -s $JOBS install
+  # Useful info to report issues to the Ruby.
+  - $SETARCH $(pwd)/install/bin/ruby -v
+  # Useful info To report issues to the RubyGems.
+  - $SETARCH $(pwd)/install/bin/gem env
 
 script:
-  - $SETARCH make -s test -o showflags TESTOPTS="${TESTOPTS=$JOBS -q --tty=no}"
-  - ../tool/travis_wait.sh $SETARCH make -s test-all -o exts TESTOPTS="$JOBS -q --tty=no ${TEST_ALL_OPTS}" RUBYOPT="-w"
-  # Run the failing tests separately returning ok status to check if it works,
-  # visualize them.
-  - |
-    if [ -n "${TEST_ALL_OPTS_SEPARATED}" ]; then
-      $SETARCH make -s test-all -o exts TESTOPTS="$JOBS -v --tty=no ${TEST_ALL_OPTS_SEPARATED}" RUBYOPT="-w" || :
-    fi
-  - $SETARCH make -s test-spec MSPECOPT=-ff # not using `-j` because sometimes `mspec -j` silently dies
-  - $SETARCH make -s -o showflags leaked-globals
-
-# We enable Travis on the specific branches or forked repositories here.
-if: (repo = ruby/ruby AND (branch = master OR branch =~ /^ruby_\d_\d$/)) OR repo != ruby/ruby
+  - $SETARCH make -s test
+  - ../tool/travis_wait.sh $SETARCH make -s test-all RUBYOPT="-w"
+  - $SETARCH make -s test-spec
 
 # We want to be notified when something happens.
 notifications:
-  irc:
-    channels:
-      - "chat.freenode.net#ruby-core"
-    on_success: change # [always|never|change] # default: always
-    on_failure: always # [always|never|change] # default: always
-    template:
-      - "%{message} by @%{author}: See %{build_url}"
-
   webhooks:
     urls:
-      - secure: mRsoS/UbqDkKkW5p3AEqM27d4SZnV6Gsylo3bm8T/deltQzTsGzZwrm7OIBXZv0UFZdE68XmPlyHfZFLSP2V9QZ7apXMf9/vw0GtcSe1gchtnjpAPF6lYBn7nMCbVPPx9cS0dwL927fjdRM1vj7IKZ2bk4F0lAJ25R25S6teqdk= # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot (travis)
+      # ruby-lang slack: ruby/simpler-alerts-bot (travis)
+      - secure: mRsoS/UbqDkKkW5p3AEqM27d4SZnV6Gsylo3bm8T/deltQzTsGzZwrm7OIBXZv0UFZdE68XmPlyHfZFLSP2V9QZ7apXMf9/vw0GtcSe1gchtnjpAPF6lYBn7nMCbVPPx9cS0dwL927fjdRM1vj7IKZ2bk4F0lAJ25R25S6teqdk=
     on_success: never
     on_failure: always
-
   email:
-    - jaruga@ruby-lang.org
+    recipients:
+      - jaruga@ruby-lang.org
+    on_success: never
+    on_failure: always
diff --git a/LEGAL b/LEGAL
index 9645728efe..e352c55ee5 100644
--- a/LEGAL
+++ b/LEGAL
@@ -748,8 +748,7 @@ mentioned below.
 [ext/psych]
 [test/psych]
 
-  The files under these directories are under the following license, except for
-  ext/psych/yaml.
+  The files under these directories are under the following license.
 
   >>>
     Copyright 2009:: Aaron Patterson, et al.
@@ -772,31 +771,6 @@ mentioned below.
     OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
     SOFTWARE.
 
-[ext/psych/yaml]
-
-  The files under this directory are under the following license.
-
-  >>>
-    Copyright (c) 2006:: Kirill Simonov
-
-    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
-    this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
-    the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
-    use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
-    of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
-    so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-    copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-    OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-    SOFTWARE.
-
 [ext/pty/pty.c]
 
   >>>
@@ -979,7 +953,6 @@ mentioned below.
     {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
 
 [lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo]
-[lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo]
 
   molinillo is under the following license.
 
@@ -988,6 +961,15 @@ mentioned below.
 
     {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
 
+[lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub]
+
+  pub_grub is under the following license.
+
+  >>>
+    Copyright (c) 2018 John Hawthorn
+
+    {MIT License}[rdoc-label:label-MIT+License]
+
 [lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool]
 
   connection_pool is under the following license.
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index cc7c9d2a93..364786d754 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,289 +1,529 @@
-# NEWS for Ruby 3.2.0
+# NEWS for Ruby 3.3.0
 
 This document is a list of user-visible feature changes
-since the **3.1.0** release, except for bug fixes.
+since the **3.2.0** release, except for bug fixes.
 
 Note that each entry is kept to a minimum, see links for details.
 
-## Language changes
+## Command line options
 
-* Anonymous rest and keyword rest arguments can now be passed as
-  arguments, instead of just used in method parameters.
-  [[Feature #18351]]
+* A new `performance` warning category was introduced.
+  They are not displayed by default even in verbose mode.
+  Turn them on with `-W:performance` or `Warning[:performance] = true`. [[Feature #19538]]
 
-    ```ruby
-    def foo(*)
-      bar(*)
-    end
-    def baz(**)
-      quux(**)
-    end
-    ```
+* A new `RUBY_CRASH_REPORT` environment variable was introduced to allow
+  redirecting Ruby crash reports to a file or sub command. See the `BUG REPORT ENVIRONMENT`
+  section of the ruby manpage for further details. [[Feature #19790]]
 
-* A proc that accepts a single positional argument and keywords will
-  no longer autosplat. [[Bug #18633]]
+## Core classes updates
 
-  ```ruby
-  proc{|a, **k| a}.call([1, 2])
-  # Ruby 3.1 and before
-  # => 1
-  # Ruby 3.2 and after
-  # => [1, 2]
-  ```
+Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.
 
-* Constant assignment evaluation order for constants set on explicit
-  objects has been made consistent with single attribute assignment
-  evaluation order. With this code:
+* Array
 
-    ```ruby
-    foo::BAR = baz
-    ```
+    * Array#pack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [[Bug #19150]]
 
-  `foo` is now called before `baz`. Similarly, for multiple assignments
-  to constants,  left-to-right evaluation order is used. With this
-  code:
+* Dir
 
-    ```ruby
-      foo1::BAR1, foo2::BAR2 = baz1, baz2
-    ```
+    * Dir.for_fd added for returning a Dir object for the directory specified
+      by the provided directory file descriptor. [[Feature #19347]]
+    * Dir.fchdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified
+      by the provided directory file descriptor. [[Feature #19347]]
+    * Dir#chdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified by
+      the provided `Dir` object. [[Feature #19347]]
 
-  The following evaluation order is now used:
+* Encoding
 
-  1. `foo1`
-  2. `foo2`
-  3. `baz1`
-  4. `baz2`
+    * `Encoding#replicate` has been removed, it was already deprecated.  [[Feature #18949]]
 
-  [[Bug #15928]]
+* Fiber
 
-* Find pattern is no longer experimental.
-  [[Feature #18585]]
+    * Introduce Fiber#kill. [[Bug #595]]
 
-* Methods taking a rest parameter (like `*args`) and wishing to delegate keyword
-  arguments through `foo(*args)` must now be marked with `ruby2_keywords`
-  (if not already the case). In other words, all methods wishing to delegate
-  keyword arguments through `*args` must now be marked with `ruby2_keywords`,
-  with no exception. This will make it easier to transition to other ways of
-  delegation once a library can require Ruby 3+. Previously, the `ruby2_keywords`
-  flag was kept if the receiving method took `*args`, but this was a bug and an
-  inconsistency. A good technique to find the potentially-missing `ruby2_keywords`
-  is to run the test suite, for where it fails find the last method which must
-  receive keyword arguments, use `puts nil, caller, nil` there, and check each
-  method/block on the call chain which must delegate keywords is correctly marked
-  as `ruby2_keywords`. [[Bug #18625]] [[Bug #16466]]
+        ```ruby
+        fiber = Fiber.new do
+          while true
+            puts "Yielding..."
+            Fiber.yield
+          end
+        ensure
+          puts "Exiting..."
+        end
 
-    ```ruby
-    def target(**kw)
-    end
+        fiber.resume
+        # Yielding...
+        fiber.kill
+        # Exiting...
+        ```
 
-    # Accidentally worked without ruby2_keywords in Ruby 2.7-3.1, ruby2_keywords
-    # needed in 3.2+. Just like (*args, **kwargs) or (...) would be needed on
-    # both #foo and #bar when migrating away from ruby2_keywords.
-    ruby2_keywords def bar(*args)
-      target(*args)
-    end
+* MatchData
 
-    ruby2_keywords def foo(*args)
-      bar(*args)
-    end
+    * MatchData#named_captures now accepts optional `symbolize_names`
+      keyword. [[Feature #19591]]
 
-    foo(k: 1)
-    ```
+* Module
 
-## Command line options
+    * Module#set_temporary_name added for setting a temporary name for a
+      module. [[Feature #19521]]
 
-## Core classes updates
+* ObjectSpace::WeakKeyMap
 
-Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.
+    * New core class to build collections with weak references.
+      The class use equality semantic to lookup keys like a regular hash,
+      but it doesn't hold strong references on the keys. [[Feature #18498]]
 
-* Enumerator
-    * Enumerator.product has been added.  Enumerator::Product is the implementation. [[Feature #18685]]
+* ObjectSpace::WeakMap
 
-* Hash
-    * Hash#shift now always returns nil if the hash is
-      empty, instead of returning the default value or
-      calling the default proc. [[Bug #16908]]
+    * ObjectSpace::WeakMap#delete was added to eagerly clear weak map
+      entries. [[Feature #19561]]
 
-* Integer
-    * Integer#ceildiv has been added. [[Feature #18809]]
+* Proc
+    * Now Proc#dup and Proc#clone call `#initialize_dup` and `#initialize_clone`
+      hooks respectively.  [[Feature #19362]]
 
-* Kernel
-    * Kernel#binding raises RuntimeError if called from a non-Ruby frame
-      (such as a method defined in C). [[Bug #18487]]
+* Process
 
-* MatchData
-    * MatchData#byteoffset has been added. [[Feature #13110]]
+    * New Process.warmup method that notify the Ruby virtual machine that the boot sequence is finished,
+      and that now is a good time to optimize the application. This is useful
+      for long-running applications. The actual optimizations performed are entirely
+      implementation-specific and may change in the future without notice. [[Feature #18885]]
 
-* Module
-    * Module.used_refinements has been added. [[Feature #14332]]
-    * Module#refinements has been added. [[Feature #12737]]
-    * Module#const_added has been added. [[Feature #17881]]
-    * Module#undefined_instance_methods has been added. [[Feature #12655]]
+* Process::Status
 
-* Proc
-    * Proc#dup returns an instance of subclass. [[Bug #17545]]
-    * Proc#parameters now accepts lambda keyword. [[Feature #15357]]
+    * Process::Status#& and Process::Status#>> are deprecated. [[Bug #19868]]
 
-* Regexp
-    * Regexp.new now supports passing the regexp flags not only as an Integer,
-      but also as a String Unknown flags raise errors.  Otherwise, anything
-      other than `true`, `false`, `nil` or Integer will be warned.
-      [[Feature #18788]]
+* Range
+
+    * Range#reverse_each can now process beginless ranges with an Integer endpoint. [[Feature #18515]]
+    * Range#reverse_each now raises TypeError for endless ranges. [[Feature #18551]]
+    * Range#overlap? added for checking if two ranges overlap. [[Feature #19839]]
 
 * Refinement
-    * Refinement#refined_class has been added. [[Feature #12737]]
 
-* Set
-    * Set is now available as a built-in class without the need for `require "set"`. [[Feature #16989]]
-      It is currently autoloaded via the `Set` constant or a call to `Enumerable#to_set`.
+    * Add Refinement#target as an alternative of Refinement#refined_class.
+      Refinement#refined_class is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby
+      3.4.  [[Feature #19714]]
+
+* Regexp
+
+    * The cache-based optimization now supports lookarounds and atomic groupings. That is, match
+      for Regexp containing these extensions can now also be performed in linear time to the length
+      of the input string. However, these cannot contain captures and cannot be nested. [[Feature #19725]]
 
 * String
-    * String#byteindex and String#byterindex have been added. [[Feature #13110]]
-    * Update Unicode to Version 14.0.0 and Emoji Version 14.0. [[Feature #18037]]
-      (also applies to Regexp)
-    * String#bytesplice has been added.  [[Feature #18598]]
 
-* Struct
-    * A Struct class can also be initialized with keyword arguments
-      without `keyword_init: true` on `Struct.new` [[Feature #16806]]
+    * String#unpack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [[Bug #19150]]
+    * String#bytesplice now accepts new arguments index/length or range of the
+      source string to be copied.  [[Feature #19314]]
+
+* Thread::Queue
+
+    * Thread::Queue#freeze now raises TypeError. [[Bug #17146]]
+
+* Thread::SizedQueue
+
+    * Thread::SizedQueue#freeze now raises TypeError. [[Bug #17146]]
+
+* Time
+
+    * Time.new with a string argument became stricter. [[Bug #19293]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        Time.new('2023-12-20')
+        #  no time information (ArgumentError)
+        ```
 
 * TracePoint
-    * TracePoint#binding now returns `nil` for `c_call`/`c_return` TracePoints.
-      [[Bug #18487]]
-    * TracePoint#enable `target_thread` keyword argument now defaults to the
-      current thread if `target` and `target_line` keyword arguments are not
-      passed. [[Bug #16889]]
+
+    * TracePoint supports `rescue` event. When the raised exception was rescued,
+      the TracePoint will fire the hook. `rescue` event only supports Ruby-level
+      `rescue`. [[Feature #19572]]
 
 ## Stdlib updates
 
-* SyntaxSuggest
-
-  * The feature of `syntax_suggest` formerly `dead_end` is integrated in Ruby.
-    [[Feature #18159]]
-
-*   The following default gems are updated.
-    * RubyGems 3.4.0.dev
-    * bigdecimal 3.1.2
-    * bundler 2.4.0.dev
-    * cgi 0.3.2
-    * date 3.2.3
-    * error_highlight 0.4.0
-    * etc 1.4.0
-    * io-console 0.5.11
-    * io-nonblock 0.1.1
-    * io-wait 0.3.0.pre
-    * ipaddr 1.2.4
-    * json 2.6.2
-    * logger 1.5.1
-    * net-http 0.2.2
-    * net-protocol 0.1.3
-    * ostruct 0.5.5
-    * psych 5.0.0.dev
-    * reline 0.3.1
-    * securerandom 0.2.0
-    * stringio 3.0.3
-    * syntax_suggest 0.0.1
-    * timeout 0.3.0
-*   The following bundled gems are updated.
-    * minitest 5.16.3
-    * net-imap 0.2.3
-    * rbs 2.6.0
-    * typeprof 0.21.3
-    * debug 1.6.2
-*   The following default gems are now bundled gems.
+* RubyGems and Bundler warn if users do `require` the following gems without adding them to Gemfile or gemspec.
+  This is because they will become the bundled gems in the future version of Ruby. This warning is suppressed
+  if you use bootsnap gem. We recommend to run your application with `DISABLE_BOOTSNAP=1` environmental variable
+  at least once. This is limitation of this version.
+  [[Feature #19351]] [[Feature #19776]] [[Feature #19843]]
+    * abbrev
+    * base64
+    * bigdecimal
+    * csv
+    * drb
+    * getoptlong
+    * mutex_m
+    * nkf
+    * observer
+    * racc
+    * resolv-replace
+    * rinda
+    * syslog
+
+* Socket#recv and Socket#recv_nonblock returns `nil` instead of an empty string on closed
+  connections. Socket#recvmsg and Socket#recvmsg_nonblock returns `nil` instead of an empty packet on closed
+  connections. [[Bug #19012]]
+
+* Name resolution such as Socket.getaddrinfo, Socket.getnameinfo, Addrinfo.getaddrinfo, etc.
+  can now be interrupted. [[Feature #19965]]
+
+* Random::Formatter#alphanumeric is extended to accept optional `chars`
+  keyword argument. [[Feature #18183]]
+
+The following default gem is added.
+
+* prism 0.19.0
+
+The following default gems are updated.
+
+* RubyGems 3.5.3
+* abbrev 0.1.2
+* base64 0.2.0
+* benchmark 0.3.0
+* bigdecimal 3.1.5
+* bundler 2.5.3
+* cgi 0.4.1
+* csv 3.2.8
+* date 3.3.4
+* delegate 0.3.1
+* drb 2.2.0
+* english 0.8.0
+* erb 4.0.3
+* error_highlight 0.6.0
+* etc 1.4.3
+* fcntl 1.1.0
+* fiddle 1.1.2
+* fileutils 1.7.2
+* find 0.2.0
+* getoptlong 0.2.1
+* io-console 0.7.1
+* io-nonblock 0.3.0
+* io-wait 0.3.1
+* ipaddr 1.2.6
+* irb 1.11.0
+* json 2.7.1
+* logger 1.6.0
+* mutex_m 0.2.0
+* net-http 0.4.0
+* net-protocol 0.2.2
+* nkf 0.1.3
+* observer 0.1.2
+* open-uri 0.4.1
+* open3 0.2.1
+* openssl 3.2.0
+* optparse 0.4.0
+* ostruct 0.6.0
+* pathname 0.3.0
+* pp 0.5.0
+* prettyprint 0.2.0
+* pstore 0.1.3
+* psych 5.1.2
+* rdoc 6.6.2
+* readline 0.0.4
+* reline 0.4.1
+* resolv 0.3.0
+* rinda 0.2.0
+* securerandom 0.3.1
+* set 1.1.0
+* shellwords 0.2.0
+* singleton 0.2.0
+* stringio 3.1.0
+* strscan 3.0.7
+* syntax_suggest 2.0.0
+* syslog 0.1.2
+* tempfile 0.2.1
+* time 0.3.0
+* timeout 0.4.1
+* tmpdir 0.2.0
+* tsort 0.2.0
+* un 0.3.0
+* uri 0.13.0
+* weakref 0.1.3
+* win32ole 1.8.10
+* yaml 0.3.0
+* zlib 3.1.0
+
+The following bundled gem is promoted from default gems.
+
+* racc 1.7.3
+
+The following bundled gems are updated.
+
+* minitest 5.20.0
+* rake 13.1.0
+* test-unit 3.6.1
+* rexml 3.2.6
+* rss 0.3.0
+* net-ftp 0.3.3
+* net-imap 0.4.9
+* net-smtp 0.4.0
+* rbs 3.4.0
+* typeprof 0.21.9
+* debug 1.9.1
+
+See GitHub releases like [Logger](https://github.com/ruby/logger/releases) or
+changelog for details of the default gems or bundled gems.
+
+### Prism
+
+* Introduced [the Prism parser](https://github.com/ruby/prism) as a default gem
+    * Prism is a portable, error tolerant, and maintainable recursive descent parser for the Ruby language
+* Prism is production ready and actively maintained, you can use it in place of Ripper
+    * There is [extensive documentation](https://ruby.github.io/prism/) on how to use Prism
+    * Prism is both a C library that will be used internally by CRuby and a Ruby gem that can be used by any tooling which needs to parse Ruby code
+    * Notable methods in the Prism API are:
+        * `Prism.parse(source)` which returns the AST as part of a parse result object
+        * `Prism.parse_comments(source)` which returns the comments
+        * `Prism.parse_success?(source)` which returns true if there are no errors
+* You can make pull requests or issues directly on [the Prism repository](https://github.com/ruby/prism) if you are interested in contributing
+* You can now use `ruby --parser=prism` or `RUBYOPT="--parser=prism"` to experiment with the Prism compiler. Please note that this flag is for debugging only.
 
 ## Compatibility issues
 
-Note: Excluding feature bug fixes.
+* Subprocess creation/forking via the following file open methods is deprecated. [[Feature #19630]]
+    * Kernel#open
+    * URI.open
+    * IO.binread
+    * IO.foreach
+    * IO.readlines
+    * IO.read
+    * IO.write
 
-### Removed constants
+* When given a non-lambda, non-literal block, Kernel#lambda with now raises
+  ArgumentError instead of returning it unmodified. These usages have been
+  issuing warnings under the `Warning[:deprecated]` category since Ruby 3.0.0.
+  [[Feature #19777]]
 
-The following deprecated constants are removed.
+* The `RUBY_GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS` environment variable has been deprecated and
+  removed. Environment variables `RUBY_GC_HEAP_%d_INIT_SLOTS` should be
+  used instead.  [[Feature #19785]]
 
-* `Fixnum` and `Bignum` [[Feature #12005]]
-* `Random::DEFAULT` [[Feature #17351]]
-* `Struct::Group`
-* `Struct::Passwd`
+* `it` calls without arguments in a block with no ordinary parameters are
+  deprecated. `it` will be a reference to the first block parameter in Ruby 3.4.
+  [[Feature #18980]]
 
-### Removed methods
+* Error message for NoMethodError have changed to not use the target object's `#inspect`
+  for efficiency, and says "instance of ClassName" instead. [[Feature #18285]]
 
-The following deprecated methods are removed.
+    ```ruby
+    ([1] * 100).nonexisting
+    # undefined method `nonexisting' for an instance of Array (NoMethodError)
+    ```
 
-* `Dir.exists?` [[Feature #17391]]
-* `File.exists?` [[Feature #17391]]
-* `Kernel#=~` [[Feature #15231]]
-* `Kernel#taint`, `Kernel#untaint`, `Kernel#tainted?`
-  [[Feature #16131]]
-* `Kernel#trust`, `Kernel#untrust`, `Kernel#untrusted?`
-  [[Feature #16131]]
+* Now anonymous parameters forwarding is disallowed inside a block
+  that uses anonymous parameters.  [[Feature #19370]]
 
 ## Stdlib compatibility issues
 
-* `Psych` no longer bundles libyaml sources.
-  Users need to install the libyaml library themselves via the package
-  system. [[Feature #18571]]
+* `racc` is promoted to bundled gems.
+    * You need to add `racc` to your `Gemfile` if you use `racc` under bundler environment.
+* `ext/readline` is retired
+    * We have `reline` that is pure Ruby implementation compatible with `ext/readline` API.
+      We rely on `reline` in the future. If you need to use `ext/readline`, you can install
+      `ext/readline` via rubygems.org with `gem install readline-ext`.
+    * We no longer need to install libraries like `libreadline` or `libedit`.
 
 ## C API updates
 
-### Removed C APIs
-
-The following deprecated APIs are removed.
-
-* `rb_cData` variable.
-* "taintedness" and "trustedness" functions. [[Feature #16131]]
+* `rb_postponed_job` updates
+  * New APIs and deprecated APIs (see comments for details)
+    * added: `rb_postponed_job_preregister()`
+    * added: `rb_postponed_job_trigger()`
+    * deprecated: `rb_postponed_job_register()` (and semantic change. see below)
+    * deprecated: `rb_postponed_job_register_one()`
+  * The postponed job APIs have been changed to address some rare crashes.
+    To solve the issue, we introduced new two APIs and deprecated current APIs.
+    The semantics of these functions have also changed slightly; `rb_postponed_job_register`
+    now behaves like the `once` variant in that multiple calls with the same
+    `func` might be coalesced into a single execution of the `func`
+    [[Feature #20057]]
+
+* Some updates for internal thread event hook APIs
+  * `rb_internal_thread_event_data_t` with a target Ruby thread (VALUE)
+    and callback functions (`rb_internal_thread_event_callback`) receive it.
+    https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/8885
+  * The following functions are introduced to manipulate Ruby thread local data
+    from internal thread event hook APIs (they are introduced since Ruby 3.2).
+    https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/8936
+    * `rb_internal_thread_specific_key_create()`
+    * `rb_internal_thread_specific_get()`
+    * `rb_internal_thread_specific_set()`
+
+* `rb_profile_thread_frames()` is introduced to get a frames from
+  a specific thread.
+  [[Feature #10602]]
+
+* `rb_data_define()` is introduced to define `Data`. [[Feature #19757]]
+
+* `rb_ext_resolve_symbol()` is introduced to search a function from
+  extension libraries. [[Feature #20005]]
+
+* IO related updates:
+  * The details of `rb_io_t` will be hidden and deprecated attributes
+    are added for each members. [[Feature #19057]]
+  * `rb_io_path(VALUE io)` is introduced to get a path of `io`.
+  * `rb_io_closed_p(VALUE io)` to get opening or closing of `io`.
+  * `rb_io_mode(VALUE io)` to get the mode of `io`.
+  * `rb_io_open_descriptor()` is introduced to make an IO object from a file
+    descriptor.
 
 ## Implementation improvements
 
-* Fixed several race conditions in `Kernel#autoload`. [[Bug #18782]]
-
-## JIT
+### Parser
+
+* Replace Bison with [Lrama LALR parser generator](https://github.com/ruby/lrama).
+  No need to install Bison to build Ruby from source code anymore.
+  We will no longer suffer bison compatibility issues and we can use new features by just implementing it to Lrama. [[Feature #19637]]
+  * See [The future vision of Ruby Parser](https://rubykaigi.org/2023/presentations/spikeolaf.html) for detail.
+  * Lrama internal parser is a LR parser generated by Racc for maintainability.
+  * Parameterizing Rules `(?, *, +)` are supported, it will be used in Ruby parse.y.
+
+### GC / Memory management
+
+* Major performance improvements over Ruby 3.2
+    * Young objects referenced by old objects are no longer immediately
+      promoted to the old generation. This significantly reduces the frequency of
+      major GC collections. [[Feature #19678]]
+    * A new `REMEMBERED_WB_UNPROTECTED_OBJECTS_LIMIT_RATIO` tuning variable was
+      introduced to control the number of unprotected objects cause a major GC
+      collection to trigger. The default is set to `0.01` (1%). This significantly
+      reduces the frequency of major GC collection. [[Feature #19571]]
+    * Write Barriers were implemented for many core types that were missing them,
+      notably `Time`, `Enumerator`, `MatchData`, `Method`, `File::Stat`, `BigDecimal`
+      and several others. This significantly reduces minor GC collection time and major
+      GC collection frequency.
+    * Most core classes are now using Variable Width Allocation, notably `Hash`, `Time`,
+      `Thread::Backtrace`, `Thread::Backtrace::Location`, `File::Stat`, `Method`.
+      This makes these classes faster to allocate and free, use less memory and reduce
+      heap fragmentation.
+* `defined?(@ivar)` is optimized with Object Shapes.
+
+### YJIT
+
+* Major performance improvements over Ruby 3.2
+  * Support for splat and rest arguments has been improved.
+  * Registers are allocated for stack operations of the virtual machine.
+  * More calls with optional arguments are compiled. Exception handlers are also compiled.
+  * Unsupported call types and megamorphic call sites no longer exit to the interpreter.
+  * Basic methods like Rails `#blank?` and
+    [specialized `#present?`](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/49909) are inlined.
+  * `Integer#*`, `Integer#!=`, `String#!=`, `String#getbyte`,
+    `Kernel#block_given?`, `Kernel#is_a?`, `Kernel#instance_of?`, and `Module#===`
+    are specially optimized.
+  * Compilation speed is now slightly faster than Ruby 3.2.
+  * Now more than 3x faster than the interpreter on Optcarrot!
+* Significantly improved memory usage over Ruby 3.2
+    * Metadata for compiled code uses a lot less memory.
+    * `--yjit-call-threshold` is automatically raised from 30 to 120
+      when the application has more than 40,000 ISEQs.
+    * `--yjit-cold-threshold` is added to skip compiling cold ISEQs.
+    * More compact code is generated on Arm64.
+* Code GC is now disabled by default
+  * `--yjit-exec-mem-size` is treated as a hard limit where compilation of new code stops.
+  * No sudden drops in performance due to code GC.
+    Better copy-on-write behavior on servers reforking with
+    [Pitchfork](https://github.com/shopify/pitchfork).
+  * You can still enable code GC if desired with `--yjit-code-gc`
+* Add `RubyVM::YJIT.enable` that can enable YJIT at run-time
+  * You can start YJIT without modifying command-line arguments or environment variables.
+    Rails 7.2 will [enable YJIT by default](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/49947)
+    using this method.
+  * This can also be used to enable YJIT only once your application is
+    done booting. `--yjit-disable` can be used if you want to use other
+    YJIT options while disabling YJIT at boot.
+* More YJIT stats are available by default
+  * `yjit_alloc_size` and several more metadata-related stats are now available by default.
+  * `ratio_in_yjit` stat produced by `--yjit-stats` is now available in release builds,
+    a special stats or dev build is no longer required to access most stats.
+* Add more profiling capabilities
+  * `--yjit-perf` is added to facilitate profiling with Linux perf.
+  * `--yjit-trace-exits` now supports sampling with `--yjit-trace-exits-sample-rate=N`
+* More thorough testing and multiple bug fixes
+* `--yjit-stats=quiet` is added to avoid printing stats on exit.
 
 ### MJIT
 
-### YJIT: New experimental in-process JIT compiler
-
-## Static analysis
-
-### RBS
-
-### TypeProf
-
-## Debugger
-
-## error_highlight
-
-## IRB Autocomplete and Document Display
-
-## Miscellaneous changes
-
-[Feature #12005]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12005
-[Feature #12655]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12655
-[Feature #12737]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12737
-[Feature #13110]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/13110
-[Feature #14332]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14332
-[Feature #15231]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15231
-[Feature #15357]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15357
-[Bug #15928]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15928
-[Feature #16131]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16131
-[Bug #16466]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16466
-[Feature #16806]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16806
-[Bug #16889]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16889
-[Bug #16908]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16908
-[Feature #16989]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16989
-[Feature #17351]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17351
-[Feature #17391]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17391
-[Bug #17545]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17545
-[Feature #17881]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17881
-[Feature #18037]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18037
-[Feature #18159]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18159
-[Feature #18351]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18351
-[Bug #18487]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18487
-[Feature #18571]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18571
-[Feature #18585]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18585
-[Feature #18598]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18598
-[Bug #18625]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18625
-[Bug #18633]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18633
-[Feature #18685]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18685
-[Bug #18782]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18782
-[Feature #18788]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18788
-[Feature #18809]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18809
+* MJIT is removed.
+    * `--disable-jit-support` is removed. Consider using `--disable-yjit --disable-rjit` instead.
+
+### RJIT
+
+* Introduced a pure-Ruby JIT compiler RJIT.
+    * RJIT supports only x86\_64 architecture on Unix platforms.
+    * Unlike MJIT, it doesn't require a C compiler at runtime.
+* RJIT exists only for experimental purposes.
+    * You should keep using YJIT in production.
+
+### M:N Thread scheduler
+
+* M:N Thread scheduler is introduced. [[Feature #19842]]
+    * Background: Ruby 1.8 and before, M:1 thread scheduler (M Ruby threads
+      with 1 native thread. Called as User level threads or Green threads)
+      is used. Ruby 1.9 and later, 1:1 thread scheduler (1 Ruby thread with
+      1 native thread). M:1 threads takes lower resources compare with 1:1
+      threads because it needs only 1 native threads. However it is difficult
+      to support context switching for all of blocking operation so 1:1
+      threads are employed from Ruby 1.9. M:N thread scheduler uses N native
+      threads for M Ruby threads (N is small number in general). It doesn't
+      need same number of native threads as Ruby threads (similar to the M:1
+      thread scheduler). Also our M:N threads supports blocking operations
+      well same as 1:1 threads. See the ticket for more details.
+      Our M:N thread scheduler refers on the goroutine scheduler in the
+      Go language.
+    * In a ractor, only 1 thread can run in a same time because of
+      implementation. Therefore, applications that use only one Ractor
+      (most applications) M:N thread scheduler works as M:1 thread scheduler
+      with further extension from Ruby 1.8.
+    * M:N thread scheduler can introduce incompatibility for C-extensions,
+      so it is disabled by default on the main Ractors.
+      `RUBY_MN_THREADS=1` environment variable will enable it.
+      On non-main Ractors, M:N thread scheduler is enabled (and can not
+      disable it now).
+    * `N` (the number of native threads) can be specified with `RUBY_MAX_CPU`
+      environment variable. The default is 8.
+      Note that more than `N` native threads are used to support many kind of
+      blocking operations.
+
+[Bug #595]:       https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/595
+[Feature #10602]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10602
+[Bug #17146]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17146
+[Feature #18183]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18183
+[Feature #18285]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18285
+[Feature #18498]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18498
+[Feature #18515]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18515
+[Feature #18551]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18551
+[Feature #18885]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18885
+[Feature #18949]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18949
+[Feature #18980]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18980
+[Bug #19012]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19012
+[Feature #19057]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19057
+[Bug #19150]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19150
+[Bug #19293]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19293
+[Feature #19314]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19314
+[Feature #19347]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19347
+[Feature #19351]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19351
+[Feature #19362]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19362
+[Feature #19370]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19370
+[Feature #19521]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19521
+[Feature #19538]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19538
+[Feature #19561]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19561
+[Feature #19571]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19571
+[Feature #19572]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19572
+[Feature #19591]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19591
+[Feature #19630]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19630
+[Feature #19637]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19637
+[Feature #19678]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19678
+[Feature #19714]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19714
+[Feature #19725]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19725
+[Feature #19757]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19757
+[Feature #19776]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19776
+[Feature #19777]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19777
+[Feature #19785]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19785
+[Feature #19790]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19790
+[Feature #19839]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19839
+[Feature #19842]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19842
+[Feature #19843]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19843
+[Bug #19868]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19868
+[Feature #19965]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19965
+[Feature #20005]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/20005
+[Feature #20057]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/20057
diff --git a/README.ja.md b/README.ja.md
index bb69c09055..0d2d309fb8 100644
--- a/README.ja.md
+++ b/README.ja.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [![Actions Status: MinGW](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MinGW/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MinGW")
-[![Actions Status: MJIT](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MJIT/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MJIT")
+[![Actions Status: RJIT](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/RJIT/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"RJIT")
 [![Actions Status: Ubuntu](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Ubuntu/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Ubuntu")
 [![Actions Status: Windows](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Windows/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Windows")
 [![AppVeyor status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/0sy8rrxut4o0k960/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/ruby/ruby/branch/master)
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Rubyはテキスト処理関係の能力などに優れ，Perlと同じくらい
 *   ダイナミックローディング (アーキテクチャによる)
 *   移植性が高い．多くのUnix-like/POSIX互換プラットフォーム上で動くだけでなく，Windows， macOS，
     Haikuなどの上でも動く cf.
-    https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/doc/contributing.rdoc#platform-maintainers
+    https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/maintainers_md.html#label-Platform+Maintainers
 
 
 ## 入手法
@@ -50,17 +50,6 @@ https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/downloads/
 Rubyリポジトリの本来のmasterは https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git にあります．
 コミッタはこちらを使います．
 
-### Subversion
-
-古いRubyのバージョンのソースコードは次のコマンドでも取得できます．
-
-    $ svn co https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/ruby_2_6/ ruby
-
-他のブランチの一覧は次のコマンドで見られます．
-
-    $ svn ls https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/
-
-
 ## ホームページ
 
 RubyのホームページのURLは
@@ -71,20 +60,20 @@ https://www.ruby-lang.org/
 
 ## メーリングリスト
 
-Rubyのメーリングリストがあります．参加希望の方は [ruby-list-request@ruby-lang.org] まで本文に
+Rubyのメーリングリストがあります．参加希望の方は [ruby-list-request@ml.ruby-lang.org] まで件名に
 
-    subscribe
+    join
 
 と書いて送って下さい．
 
 Ruby開発者向けメーリングリストもあります．こちらではrubyのバグ，将来の仕様拡張など実装上の問題について議論されています．
-参加希望の方は [ruby-dev-request@ruby-lang.org] までruby-listと同様の方法でメールしてください．
+参加希望の方は [ruby-dev-request@ml.ruby-lang.org] までruby-listと同様の方法でメールしてください．
 
 Ruby拡張モジュールについて話し合うruby-extメーリングリストと数学関係の話題について話し合うruby-mathメーリングリストと
 英語でrubyについて話し合うruby-talkメーリングリストもあります．参加方法はどれも同じです．
 
-[ruby-list-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-list-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
-[ruby-dev-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-dev-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
+[ruby-list-request@ml.ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-list-request@ml.ruby-lang.org?subject=join
+[ruby-dev-request@ml.ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-dev-request@ml.ruby-lang.org?subject=join
 
 ## コンパイル・インストール
 
@@ -163,7 +152,7 @@ UNIXであれば `configure` がほとんどの差異を吸収してくれるは
 
 ## 配布条件
 
-[COPYING.ja](COPYING.ja) ファイルを参照してください．
+[COPYING.ja](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/COPYING_ja.html) ファイルを参照してください．
 
 ## フィードバック
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index da2bbbdd22..8fb3786691 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 [![Actions Status: MinGW](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MinGW/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MinGW")
-[![Actions Status: MJIT](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/MJIT/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"MJIT")
+[![Actions Status: RJIT](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/RJIT/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"RJIT")
 [![Actions Status: Ubuntu](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Ubuntu/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Ubuntu")
 [![Actions Status: Windows](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/workflows/Windows/badge.svg)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions?query=workflow%3A"Windows")
 [![AppVeyor status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/0sy8rrxut4o0k960/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/ruby/ruby/branch/master)
 [![Travis Status](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby.svg?branch=master)](https://app.travis-ci.com/ruby/ruby)
-[![Cirrus Status](https://api.cirrus-ci.com/github/ruby/ruby.svg)](https://cirrus-ci.com/github/ruby/ruby/master)
 
 # What is Ruby?
 
@@ -25,15 +24,20 @@ It is simple, straightforward, and extensible.
 * Dynamic Loading of Object Files (on some architectures)
 * Highly Portable (works on many Unix-like/POSIX compatible platforms as
   well as Windows, macOS, etc.) cf.
-  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/doc/maintainers.rdoc#label-Platform+Maintainers
+    https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/maintainers_md.html#label-Platform+Maintainers
 
-## How to get Ruby with Git
+## How to get Ruby
 
 For a complete list of ways to install Ruby, including using third-party tools
 like rvm, see:
 
 https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/
 
+You can download release packages and the snapshot of the repository. If you want to
+download whole versions of Ruby, please visit https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/releases/.
+
+### Download with Git
+
 The mirror of the Ruby source tree can be checked out with the following command:
 
     $ git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
@@ -46,6 +50,10 @@ to see the list of branches:
 You may also want to use https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git (actual master of Ruby source)
 if you are a committer.
 
+## How to build
+
+See [Building Ruby](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/contributing/building_ruby_md.html)
+
 ## Ruby home page
 
 https://www.ruby-lang.org/
@@ -60,11 +68,11 @@ https://www.ruby-lang.org/
 There is a mailing list to discuss Ruby. To subscribe to this list, please
 send the following phrase:
 
-    subscribe
+    join
 
-in the mail body (not subject) to the address [ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org].
+in the mail subject (not body) to the address [ruby-talk-request@ml.ruby-lang.org].
 
-[ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=Join%20Ruby%20Mailing%20List&body=subscribe
+[ruby-talk-request@ml.ruby-lang.org]: mailto:ruby-talk-request@ml.ruby-lang.org?subject=join
 
 ## Copying
 
diff --git a/addr2line.c b/addr2line.c
index fe4ad84423..2a69dd0966 100644
--- a/addr2line.c
+++ b/addr2line.c
@@ -8,10 +8,14 @@
 
 **********************************************************************/
 
-#if defined(__clang__)
+#if defined(__clang__) && defined(__has_warning)
+#if __has_warning("-Wgnu-empty-initializer")
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgnu-empty-initializer"
+#endif
+#if __has_warning("-Wgcc-compat")
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgcc-compat"
 #endif
+#endif
 
 #include "ruby/internal/config.h"
 #include "ruby/defines.h"
@@ -57,8 +61,21 @@ void *alloca();
 #   endif
 #  endif /* AIX */
 # endif	/* HAVE_ALLOCA_H */
+# ifndef UNREACHABLE
+#  define UNREACHABLE __builtin_unreachable()
+# endif
+# ifndef UNREACHABLE_RETURN
+#  define UNREACHABLE_RETURN(_) __builtin_unreachable()
+# endif
 #endif /* __GNUC__ */
 
+#ifndef UNREACHABLE
+# define UNREACHABLE abort()
+#endif
+#ifndef UNREACHABLE_RETURN
+# define UNREACHABLE_RETURN(_) return (abort(), (_))
+#endif
+
 #ifdef HAVE_DLADDR
 # include <dlfcn.h>
 #endif
@@ -127,7 +144,7 @@ void *alloca();
 #define DW_LNE_define_file              0x03
 #define DW_LNE_set_discriminator        0x04  /* DWARF4 */
 
-PRINTF_ARGS(static int kprintf(const char *fmt, ...), 1, 2);
+#define kprintf(...) fprintf(errout, "" __VA_ARGS__)
 
 typedef struct line_info {
     const char *dirname;
@@ -159,12 +176,15 @@ typedef struct obj_info {
     struct dwarf_section debug_info;
     struct dwarf_section debug_line;
     struct dwarf_section debug_ranges;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_str_offsets;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_addr;
     struct dwarf_section debug_rnglists;
     struct dwarf_section debug_str;
+    struct dwarf_section debug_line_str;
     struct obj_info *next;
 } obj_info_t;
 
-#define DWARF_SECTION_COUNT 6
+#define DWARF_SECTION_COUNT 9
 
 static struct dwarf_section *
 obj_dwarf_section_at(obj_info_t *obj, int n)
@@ -174,11 +194,14 @@ obj_dwarf_section_at(obj_info_t *obj, int n)
         &obj->debug_info,
         &obj->debug_line,
         &obj->debug_ranges,
+        &obj->debug_str_offsets,
+        &obj->debug_addr,
         &obj->debug_rnglists,
-        &obj->debug_str
+        &obj->debug_str,
+        &obj->debug_line_str
     };
     if (n < 0 || DWARF_SECTION_COUNT <= n) {
-        abort();
+        UNREACHABLE_RETURN(0);
     }
     return ary[n];
 }
@@ -231,7 +254,7 @@ sleb128(const char **p)
 }
 
 static const char *
-get_nth_dirname(unsigned long dir, const char *p)
+get_nth_dirname(unsigned long dir, const char *p, FILE *errout)
 {
     if (!dir--) {
 	return "";
@@ -248,40 +271,56 @@ get_nth_dirname(unsigned long dir, const char *p)
     return p;
 }
 
+static const char *parse_ver5_debug_line_header(
+    const char *p, int idx, uint8_t format,
+    obj_info_t *obj, const char **out_path,
+    uint64_t *out_directory_index, FILE *errout);
+
 static void
-fill_filename(int file, const char *include_directories, const char *filenames, line_info_t *line, obj_info_t *obj)
+fill_filename(int file, uint8_t format, uint16_t version, const char *include_directories,
+              const char *filenames, line_info_t *line, obj_info_t *obj, FILE *errout)
 {
     int i;
     const char *p = filenames;
     const char *filename;
     unsigned long dir;
-    for (i = 1; i <= file; i++) {
-	filename = p;
-	if (!*p) {
-	    /* Need to output binary file name? */
-	    kprintf("Unexpected file number %d in %s at %tx\n",
-		    file, binary_filename, filenames - obj->mapped);
-	    return;
-	}
-	while (*p) p++;
-	p++;
-	dir = uleb128(&p);
-	/* last modified. */
-	uleb128(&p);
-	/* size of the file. */
-	uleb128(&p);
-
-	if (i == file) {
-	    line->filename = filename;
-	    line->dirname = get_nth_dirname(dir, include_directories);
-	}
+    if (version >= 5) {
+        const char *path;
+        uint64_t directory_index = -1;
+        parse_ver5_debug_line_header(filenames, file, format, obj, &path, &directory_index, errout);
+        line->filename = path;
+        parse_ver5_debug_line_header(include_directories, (int)directory_index, format, obj, &path, NULL, errout);
+        line->dirname = path;
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 1; i <= file; i++) {
+            filename = p;
+            if (!*p) {
+                /* Need to output binary file name? */
+                kprintf("Unexpected file number %d in %s at %tx\n",
+                        file, binary_filename, filenames - obj->mapped);
+                return;
+            }
+            while (*p) p++;
+            p++;
+            dir = uleb128(&p);
+            /* last modified. */
+            uleb128(&p);
+            /* size of the file. */
+            uleb128(&p);
+
+            if (i == file) {
+                line->filename = filename;
+                line->dirname = get_nth_dirname(dir, include_directories, errout);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
 static void
 fill_line(int num_traces, void **traces, uintptr_t addr, int file, int line,
-	  const char *include_directories, const char *filenames,
-	  obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+	  uint8_t format, uint16_t version, const char *include_directories, const char *filenames,
+	  obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
     int i;
     addr += obj->base_addr - obj->vmaddr;
@@ -290,7 +329,7 @@ fill_line(int num_traces, void **traces, uintptr_t addr, int file, int line,
 	/* We assume one line code doesn't result >100 bytes of native code.
        We may want more reliable way eventually... */
 	if (addr < a && a < addr + 100) {
-	    fill_filename(file, include_directories, filenames, &lines[i], obj);
+	    fill_filename(file, format, version, include_directories, filenames, &lines[i], obj, errout);
 	    lines[i].line = line;
 	}
     }
@@ -315,7 +354,7 @@ struct LineNumberProgramHeader {
 };
 
 static int
-parse_debug_line_header(const char **pp, struct LineNumberProgramHeader *header)
+parse_debug_line_header(obj_info_t *obj, const char **pp, struct LineNumberProgramHeader *header, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *p = *pp;
     header->unit_length = *(uint32_t *)p;
@@ -332,7 +371,13 @@ parse_debug_line_header(const char **pp, struct LineNumberProgramHeader *header)
 
     header->version = *(uint16_t *)p;
     p += sizeof(uint16_t);
-    if (header->version > 4) return -1;
+    if (header->version > 5) return -1;
+
+    if (header->version >= 5) {
+        /* address_size = *(uint8_t *)p++; */
+        /* segment_selector_size = *(uint8_t *)p++; */
+        p += 2;
+    }
 
     header->header_length = header->format == 4 ? *(uint32_t *)p : *(uint64_t *)p;
     p += header->format;
@@ -353,20 +398,27 @@ parse_debug_line_header(const char **pp, struct LineNumberProgramHeader *header)
     /* header->standard_opcode_lengths = (uint8_t *)p - 1; */
     p += header->opcode_base - 1;
 
-    header->include_directories = p;
+    if (header->version >= 5) {
+        header->include_directories = p;
+        p = parse_ver5_debug_line_header(p, -1, header->format, obj, NULL, NULL, errout);
+        header->filenames = p;
+    }
+    else {
+        header->include_directories = p;
 
-    /* temporary measure for compress-debug-sections */
-    if (p >= header->cu_end) return -1;
+        /* temporary measure for compress-debug-sections */
+        if (p >= header->cu_end) return -1;
 
-    /* skip include directories */
-    while (*p) {
-	p = memchr(p, '\0', header->cu_end - p);
-	if (!p) return -1;
-	p++;
-    }
-    p++;
+        /* skip include directories */
+        while (*p) {
+            p = memchr(p, '\0', header->cu_end - p);
+            if (!p) return -1;
+            p++;
+        }
+        p++;
 
-    header->filenames = p;
+        header->filenames = p;
+    }
 
     *pp = header->cu_start;
 
@@ -375,7 +427,7 @@ parse_debug_line_header(const char **pp, struct LineNumberProgramHeader *header)
 
 static int
 parse_debug_line_cu(int num_traces, void **traces, const char **debug_line,
-		obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+		obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *p = (const char *)*debug_line;
     struct LineNumberProgramHeader header;
@@ -392,16 +444,18 @@ parse_debug_line_cu(int num_traces, void **traces, const char **debug_line,
     /* int epilogue_begin = 0; */
     /* unsigned int isa = 0; */
 
-    if (parse_debug_line_header(&p, &header))
+    if (parse_debug_line_header(obj, &p, &header, errout))
         return -1;
     is_stmt = header.default_is_stmt;
 
 #define FILL_LINE()						    \
     do {							    \
 	fill_line(num_traces, traces, addr, file, line,		    \
+                  header.format,                                    \
+                  header.version,                                   \
                   header.include_directories,                       \
                   header.filenames,                                 \
-		  obj, lines, offset);				    \
+		  obj, lines, offset, errout);                      \
 	/*basic_block = prologue_end = epilogue_begin = 0;*/	    \
     } while (0)
 
@@ -501,11 +555,11 @@ parse_debug_line_cu(int num_traces, void **traces, const char **debug_line,
 static int
 parse_debug_line(int num_traces, void **traces,
 		 const char *debug_line, unsigned long size,
-		 obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+		 obj_info_t *obj, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *debug_line_end = debug_line + size;
     while (debug_line < debug_line_end) {
-	if (parse_debug_line_cu(num_traces, traces, &debug_line, obj, lines, offset))
+	if (parse_debug_line_cu(num_traces, traces, &debug_line, obj, lines, offset, errout))
 	    return -1;
     }
     if (debug_line != debug_line_end) {
@@ -518,7 +572,7 @@ parse_debug_line(int num_traces, void **traces,
 /* read file and fill lines */
 static uintptr_t
 fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
-	   obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset);
+	   obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout);
 
 static void
 append_obj(obj_info_t **objp)
@@ -546,7 +600,7 @@ append_obj(obj_info_t **objp)
 // check the path pattern of "/usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/ruby.debug"
 static void
 follow_debuglink(const char *debuglink, int num_traces, void **traces,
-		 obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+		 obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
     static const char global_debug_dir[] = "/usr/lib/debug";
     const size_t global_debug_dir_len = sizeof(global_debug_dir) - 1;
@@ -572,13 +626,13 @@ follow_debuglink(const char *debuglink, int num_traces, void **traces,
     o2 = *objp;
     o2->base_addr = o1->base_addr;
     o2->path = o1->path;
-    fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 0, objp, lines, offset);
+    fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 0, objp, lines, offset, errout);
 }
 
 // check the path pattern of "/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/ab/cdef1234.debug"
 static void
 follow_debuglink_build_id(const char *build_id, size_t build_id_size, int num_traces, void **traces,
-                          obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+                          obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
     static const char global_debug_dir[] = "/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/";
     const size_t global_debug_dir_len = sizeof(global_debug_dir) - 1;
@@ -603,7 +657,7 @@ follow_debuglink_build_id(const char *build_id, size_t build_id_size, int num_tr
     o2 = *objp;
     o2->base_addr = o1->base_addr;
     o2->path = o1->path;
-    fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 0, objp, lines, offset);
+    fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 0, objp, lines, offset, errout);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -807,7 +861,11 @@ enum
     DW_FORM_addrx1 = 0x29,
     DW_FORM_addrx2 = 0x2a,
     DW_FORM_addrx3 = 0x2b,
-    DW_FORM_addrx4 = 0x2c
+    DW_FORM_addrx4 = 0x2c,
+
+    /* GNU extensions for referring to .gnu_debugaltlink dwz-compressed info */
+    DW_FORM_GNU_ref_alt = 0x1f20,
+    DW_FORM_GNU_strp_alt = 0x1f21
 };
 
 /* Range list entry encodings */
@@ -827,16 +885,23 @@ enum {
     VAL_cstr = 1,
     VAL_data = 2,
     VAL_uint = 3,
-    VAL_int = 4
+    VAL_int = 4,
+    VAL_addr = 5
 };
 
 # define ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE 256
 typedef struct {
     obj_info_t *obj;
     const char *file;
+    uint8_t current_version;
     const char *current_cu;
     uint64_t current_low_pc;
+    uint64_t current_str_offsets_base;
+    uint64_t current_addr_base;
+    uint64_t current_rnglists_base;
     const char *debug_line_cu_end;
+    uint8_t debug_line_format;
+    uint16_t debug_line_version;
     const char *debug_line_files;
     const char *debug_line_directories;
     const char *p;
@@ -861,6 +926,7 @@ typedef struct {
         const char *ptr;
         uint64_t uint64;
         int64_t int64;
+        uint64_t addr_idx;
     } as;
     uint64_t off;
     uint64_t at;
@@ -869,8 +935,11 @@ typedef struct {
     int type;
 } DebugInfoValue;
 
-/* TODO: Big Endian */
+#if defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
+#define MERGE_2INTS(a,b,sz) (((uint64_t)(a)<<sz)|(b))
+#else
 #define MERGE_2INTS(a,b,sz) (((uint64_t)(b)<<sz)|(a))
+#endif
 
 static uint16_t
 get_uint16(const uint8_t *p)
@@ -973,6 +1042,9 @@ debug_info_reader_init(DebugInfoReader *reader, obj_info_t *obj)
     reader->pend = obj->debug_info.ptr + obj->debug_info.size;
     reader->debug_line_cu_end = obj->debug_line.ptr;
     reader->current_low_pc = 0;
+    reader->current_str_offsets_base = 0;
+    reader->current_addr_base = 0;
+    reader->current_rnglists_base = 0;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1011,16 +1083,18 @@ di_read_debug_abbrev_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
 }
 
 static int
-di_read_debug_line_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+di_read_debug_line_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *p;
     struct LineNumberProgramHeader header;
 
     p = (const char *)reader->debug_line_cu_end;
-    if (parse_debug_line_header(&p, &header))
+    if (parse_debug_line_header(reader->obj, &p, &header, errout))
         return -1;
 
     reader->debug_line_cu_end = (char *)header.cu_end;
+    reader->debug_line_format = header.format;
+    reader->debug_line_version = header.version;
     reader->debug_line_directories = (char *)header.include_directories;
     reader->debug_line_files = (char *)header.filenames;
 
@@ -1028,6 +1102,13 @@ di_read_debug_line_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
 }
 
 static void
+set_addr_idx_value(DebugInfoValue *v, uint64_t n)
+{
+    v->as.addr_idx = n;
+    v->type = VAL_addr;
+}
+
+static void
 set_uint_value(DebugInfoValue *v, uint64_t n)
 {
     v->as.uint64 = n;
@@ -1074,19 +1155,46 @@ get_cstr_value(DebugInfoValue *v)
     }
 }
 
-static void
-debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoValue *v)
+static const char *
+resolve_strx(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t idx)
+{
+    const char *p = reader->obj->debug_str_offsets.ptr + reader->current_str_offsets_base;
+    uint64_t off;
+    if (reader->format == 4) {
+        off = ((uint32_t *)p)[idx];
+    }
+    else {
+        off = ((uint64_t *)p)[idx];
+    }
+    return reader->obj->debug_str.ptr + off;
+}
+
+static bool
+debug_info_reader_read_addr_value_member(DebugInfoReader *reader, DebugInfoValue *v, int size)
+{
+    if (size == 4) {
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+    } else if (size == 8) {
+        set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+    } else {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+#define debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(reader, v, mem) \
+    if (!debug_info_reader_read_addr_value_member((reader), (v), (reader)->mem)) { \
+        kprintf("unknown " #mem ":%d", (reader)->mem); \
+        return false; \
+    }
+
+
+static bool
+debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoValue *v, FILE *errout)
 {
     switch (form) {
       case DW_FORM_addr:
-        if (reader->address_size == 4) {
-            set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
-        } else if (reader->address_size == 8) {
-            set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
-        } else {
-            fprintf(stderr,"unknown address_size:%d", reader->address_size);
-            abort();
-        }
+        debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(reader, v, address_size);
         break;
       case DW_FORM_block2:
         v->size = read_uint16(&reader->p);
@@ -1138,13 +1246,12 @@ debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoVa
         set_uint_value(v, read_uleb128(reader));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_ref_addr:
-        if (reader->format == 4) {
-            set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
-        } else if (reader->format == 8) {
-            set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
+        if (reader->current_version <= 2) {
+            // DWARF Version 2 specifies that references have
+            // the same size as an address on the target system
+            debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(reader, v, address_size);
         } else {
-            fprintf(stderr,"unknown format:%d", reader->format);
-            abort();
+            debug_info_reader_read_addr_value(reader, v, format);
         }
         break;
       case DW_FORM_ref1:
@@ -1186,11 +1293,10 @@ debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoVa
         set_uint_value(v, 1);
         break;
       case DW_FORM_strx:
-        set_uint_value(v, uleb128(&reader->p));
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, uleb128(&reader->p)));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_addrx:
-        /* TODO: read .debug_addr */
-        set_uint_value(v, uleb128(&reader->p));
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, uleb128(&reader->p));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_ref_sup4:
         set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
@@ -1205,8 +1311,7 @@ debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoVa
         reader->p += v->size;
         break;
       case DW_FORM_line_strp:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint(reader));
-        /* *p = reader->file + reader->line->sh_offset + ret; */
+        set_cstrp_value(v, reader->obj->debug_line_str.ptr, read_uint(reader));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_ref_sig8:
         set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
@@ -1224,43 +1329,51 @@ debug_info_reader_read_value(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, DebugInfoVa
         set_uint_value(v, read_uint64(&reader->p));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_strx1:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint8(&reader->p)));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_strx2:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint16(&reader->p));
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint16(&reader->p)));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_strx3:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint24(&reader->p));
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint24(&reader->p)));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_strx4:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        set_cstr_value(v, resolve_strx(reader, read_uint32(&reader->p)));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_addrx1:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint8(&reader->p));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_addrx2:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint16(&reader->p));
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint16(&reader->p));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_addrx3:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint24(&reader->p));
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint24(&reader->p));
         break;
       case DW_FORM_addrx4:
-        set_uint_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        set_addr_idx_value(v, read_uint32(&reader->p));
+        break;
+      /* we have no support for actually reading the real values of these refs out
+       * of the .gnu_debugaltlink dwz-compressed debuginfo at the moment, but "read"
+       * them anyway so that we advance the reader by the right amount. */
+      case DW_FORM_GNU_ref_alt:
+      case DW_FORM_GNU_strp_alt:
+        read_uint(reader);
+        set_uint_value(v, 0);
         break;
       case 0:
         goto fail;
         break;
     }
-    return;
+    return true;
 
   fail:
-    fprintf(stderr, "%d: unsupported form: %#"PRIx64"\n", __LINE__, form);
-    exit(1);
+    kprintf("%d: unsupported form: %#"PRIx64"\n", __LINE__, form);
+    return false;
 }
 
 /* find abbrev in current compilation unit */
 static const char *
-di_find_abbrev(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t abbrev_number)
+di_find_abbrev(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t abbrev_number, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *p;
     if (abbrev_number < ABBREV_TABLE_SIZE) {
@@ -1273,8 +1386,8 @@ di_find_abbrev(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t abbrev_number)
     di_skip_die_attributes(&p);
     for (uint64_t n = uleb128(&p); abbrev_number != n; n = uleb128(&p)) {
         if (n == 0) {
-            fprintf(stderr,"%d: Abbrev Number %"PRId64" not found\n",__LINE__, abbrev_number);
-            exit(1);
+            kprintf("%d: Abbrev Number %"PRId64" not found\n",__LINE__, abbrev_number);
+            return NULL;
         }
         uleb128(&p); /* tag */
         p++; /* has_children */
@@ -1285,52 +1398,52 @@ di_find_abbrev(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t abbrev_number)
 
 #if 0
 static void
-hexdump0(const unsigned char *p, size_t n)
+hexdump0(const unsigned char *p, size_t n, FILE *errout)
 {
     size_t i;
-    fprintf(stderr, "     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F\n");
+    kprintf("     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F\n");
     for (i=0; i < n; i++){
         switch (i & 15) {
           case 0:
-            fprintf(stderr, "%02" PRIdSIZE ": %02X ", i/16, p[i]);
+            kprintf("%02" PRIdSIZE ": %02X ", i/16, p[i]);
             break;
           case 15:
-            fprintf(stderr, "%02X\n", p[i]);
+            kprintf("%02X\n", p[i]);
             break;
           default:
-            fprintf(stderr, "%02X ", p[i]);
+            kprintf("%02X ", p[i]);
             break;
         }
     }
     if ((i & 15) != 15) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        kprintf("\n");
     }
 }
-#define hexdump(p,n) hexdump0((const unsigned char *)p, n)
+#define hexdump(p,n,e) hexdump0((const unsigned char *)p, n, e)
 
 static void
-div_inspect(DebugInfoValue *v)
+div_inspect(DebugInfoValue *v, FILE *errout)
 {
     switch (v->type) {
       case VAL_uint:
-        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:%"PRIx64"\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,v->as.uint64);
+        kprintf("%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:%"PRIx64"\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,v->as.uint64);
         break;
       case VAL_int:
-        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:%"PRId64"\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,(int64_t)v->as.uint64);
+        kprintf("%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:%"PRId64"\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,(int64_t)v->as.uint64);
         break;
       case VAL_cstr:
-        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:'%s'\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,v->as.ptr);
+        kprintf("%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:'%s'\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size,v->as.ptr);
         break;
       case VAL_data:
-        fprintf(stderr,"%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size);
-        hexdump(v->as.ptr, 16);
+        kprintf("%d: type:%d size:%" PRIxSIZE " v:\n",__LINE__,v->type,v->size);
+        hexdump(v->as.ptr, 16, errout);
         break;
     }
 }
 #endif
 
 static DIE *
-di_read_die(DebugInfoReader *reader, DIE *die)
+di_read_die(DebugInfoReader *reader, DIE *die, FILE *errout)
 {
     uint64_t abbrev_number = uleb128(&reader->p);
     if (abbrev_number == 0) {
@@ -1338,7 +1451,7 @@ di_read_die(DebugInfoReader *reader, DIE *die)
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    reader->q = di_find_abbrev(reader, abbrev_number);
+    if (!(reader->q = di_find_abbrev(reader, abbrev_number, errout))) return NULL;
 
     die->pos = reader->p - reader->obj->debug_info.ptr - 1;
     die->tag = (int)uleb128(&reader->q); /* tag */
@@ -1350,29 +1463,111 @@ di_read_die(DebugInfoReader *reader, DIE *die)
 }
 
 static DebugInfoValue *
-di_read_record(DebugInfoReader *reader, DebugInfoValue *vp)
+di_read_record(DebugInfoReader *reader, DebugInfoValue *vp, FILE *errout)
 {
     uint64_t at = uleb128(&reader->q);
     uint64_t form = uleb128(&reader->q);
     if (!at || !form) return NULL;
     vp->at = at;
     vp->form = form;
-    debug_info_reader_read_value(reader, form, vp);
+    if (!debug_info_reader_read_value(reader, form, vp, errout)) return NULL;
     return vp;
 }
 
-static void
-di_skip_records(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+static bool
+di_skip_records(DebugInfoReader *reader, FILE *errout)
 {
     for (;;) {
-        DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+        DebugInfoValue v = {{0}};
         uint64_t at = uleb128(&reader->q);
         uint64_t form = uleb128(&reader->q);
-        if (!at || !form) return;
-        debug_info_reader_read_value(reader, form, &v);
+        if (!at || !form) return true;
+        if (!debug_info_reader_read_value(reader, form, &v, errout)) return false;
     }
 }
 
+typedef struct addr_header {
+    const char *ptr;
+    uint64_t unit_length;
+    uint8_t format;
+    uint8_t address_size;
+    /* uint8_t segment_selector_size; */
+} addr_header_t;
+
+static bool
+addr_header_init(obj_info_t *obj, addr_header_t *header, FILE *errout)
+{
+    const char *p = obj->debug_addr.ptr;
+
+    header->ptr = p;
+
+    if (!p) return true;
+
+    header->unit_length = *(uint32_t *)p;
+    p += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+    header->format = 4;
+    if (header->unit_length == 0xffffffff) {
+        header->unit_length = *(uint64_t *)p;
+        p += sizeof(uint64_t);
+        header->format = 8;
+    }
+
+    p += 2; /* version */
+    header->address_size = *p++;
+    if (header->address_size != 4 && header->address_size != 8) {
+        kprintf("unknown address_size:%d", header->address_size);
+        return false;
+    }
+    p++; /* segment_selector_size */
+    return true;
+}
+
+static uint64_t
+read_addr(addr_header_t *header, uint64_t addr_base, uint64_t idx) {
+    if (header->address_size == 4) {
+        return ((uint32_t*)(header->ptr + addr_base))[idx];
+    }
+    else {
+        return ((uint64_t*)(header->ptr + addr_base))[idx];
+    }
+}
+
+typedef struct rnglists_header {
+    uint64_t unit_length;
+    uint8_t format;
+    uint8_t address_size;
+    uint32_t offset_entry_count;
+} rnglists_header_t;
+
+static bool
+rnglists_header_init(obj_info_t *obj, rnglists_header_t *header, FILE *errout)
+{
+    const char *p = obj->debug_rnglists.ptr;
+
+    if (!p) return true;
+
+    header->unit_length = *(uint32_t *)p;
+    p += sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+    header->format = 4;
+    if (header->unit_length == 0xffffffff) {
+        header->unit_length = *(uint64_t *)p;
+        p += sizeof(uint64_t);
+        header->format = 8;
+    }
+
+    p += 2; /* version */
+    header->address_size = *p++;
+    if (header->address_size != 4 && header->address_size != 8) {
+        kprintf("unknown address_size:%d", header->address_size);
+        return false;
+    }
+    p++; /* segment_selector_size */
+    header->offset_entry_count = *(uint32_t *)p;
+    return true;
+}
+
 typedef struct {
     uint64_t low_pc;
     uint64_t high_pc;
@@ -1383,50 +1578,54 @@ typedef struct {
 } ranges_t;
 
 static void
-ranges_set(ranges_t *ptr, DebugInfoValue *v)
+ranges_set(ranges_t *ptr, DebugInfoValue *v, addr_header_t *addr_header, uint64_t addr_base)
 {
+    uint64_t n = 0;
+    if (v->type == VAL_uint) {
+        n = v->as.uint64;
+    }
+    else if (v->type == VAL_addr) {
+        n = read_addr(addr_header, addr_base, v->as.addr_idx);
+    }
     switch (v->at) {
       case DW_AT_low_pc:
-        ptr->low_pc = v->as.uint64;
+        ptr->low_pc = n;
         ptr->low_pc_set = true;
         break;
       case DW_AT_high_pc:
         if (v->form == DW_FORM_addr) {
-            ptr->high_pc = v->as.uint64;
+            ptr->high_pc = n;
         }
         else {
-            ptr->high_pc = ptr->low_pc + v->as.uint64;
+            ptr->high_pc = ptr->low_pc + n;
         }
         ptr->high_pc_set = true;
         break;
       case DW_AT_ranges:
-        ptr->ranges = v->as.uint64;
+        ptr->ranges = n;
         ptr->ranges_set = true;
         break;
     }
 }
 
 static uint64_t
-read_dw_form_addr(DebugInfoReader *reader, const char **ptr)
+read_dw_form_addr(DebugInfoReader *reader, const char **ptr, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *p = *ptr;
     *ptr = p + reader->address_size;
     if (reader->address_size == 4) {
         return read_uint32(&p);
-    } else if (reader->address_size == 8) {
-        return read_uint64(&p);
     } else {
-        fprintf(stderr,"unknown address_size:%d", reader->address_size);
-        abort();
+        return read_uint64(&p);
     }
 }
 
 static uintptr_t
-ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr)
+ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr, rnglists_header_t *rnglists_header, FILE *errout)
 {
     if (ptr->high_pc_set) {
         if (ptr->ranges_set || !ptr->low_pc_set) {
-            exit(1);
+            return UINTPTR_MAX;
         }
         if (ptr->low_pc <= addr && addr <= ptr->high_pc) {
             return (uintptr_t)ptr->low_pc;
@@ -1437,8 +1636,21 @@ ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr)
         const char *p;
         uint64_t base = ptr->low_pc_set ? ptr->low_pc : reader->current_low_pc;
         bool base_valid = true;
-        if (reader->obj->debug_rnglists.ptr) {
-            p = reader->obj->debug_rnglists.ptr + ptr->ranges;
+        if (reader->current_version >= 5) {
+            if (rnglists_header->offset_entry_count == 0) {
+                // DW_FORM_sec_offset
+                p = reader->obj->debug_rnglists.ptr + ptr->ranges + reader->current_rnglists_base;
+            }
+            else {
+                // DW_FORM_rnglistx
+                const char *offset_array = reader->obj->debug_rnglists.ptr + reader->current_rnglists_base;
+                if (rnglists_header->format == 4) {
+                    p = offset_array + ((uint32_t *)offset_array)[ptr->ranges];
+                }
+                else {
+                    p = offset_array + ((uint64_t *)offset_array)[ptr->ranges];
+                }
+            }
             for (;;) {
                 uint8_t rle = read_uint8(&p);
                 uintptr_t from = 0, to = 0;
@@ -1462,15 +1674,15 @@ ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr)
                     to = (uintptr_t)base + uleb128(&p);
                     break;
                   case DW_RLE_base_address:
-                    base = read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    base = read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p, errout);
                     base_valid = true;
                     break;
                   case DW_RLE_start_end:
-                    from = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
-                    to = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    from = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p, errout);
+                    to = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p, errout);
                     break;
                   case DW_RLE_start_length:
-                    from = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p);
+                    from = (uintptr_t)read_dw_form_addr(reader, &p, errout);
                     to = from + uleb128(&p);
                     break;
                 }
@@ -1478,7 +1690,7 @@ ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr)
                     return from;
                 }
             }
-            return false;
+            return 0;
         }
         p = reader->obj->debug_ranges.ptr + ptr->ranges;
         for (;;) {
@@ -1499,42 +1711,42 @@ ranges_include(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, uint64_t addr)
             return (uintptr_t)ptr->low_pc;
         }
     }
-    return false;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 #if 0
 static void
-ranges_inspect(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr)
+ranges_inspect(DebugInfoReader *reader, ranges_t *ptr, FILE *errout)
 {
     if (ptr->high_pc_set) {
         if (ptr->ranges_set || !ptr->low_pc_set) {
-            fprintf(stderr,"low_pc_set:%d high_pc_set:%d ranges_set:%d\n",ptr->low_pc_set,ptr->high_pc_set,ptr->ranges_set);
-            exit(1);
+            kprintf("low_pc_set:%d high_pc_set:%d ranges_set:%d\n",ptr->low_pc_set,ptr->high_pc_set,ptr->ranges_set);
+            return;
         }
-        fprintf(stderr,"low_pc:%"PRIx64" high_pc:%"PRIx64"\n",ptr->low_pc,ptr->high_pc);
+        kprintf("low_pc:%"PRIx64" high_pc:%"PRIx64"\n",ptr->low_pc,ptr->high_pc);
     }
     else if (ptr->ranges_set) {
         char *p = reader->obj->debug_ranges.ptr + ptr->ranges;
-        fprintf(stderr,"low_pc:%"PRIx64" ranges:%"PRIx64" %lx ",ptr->low_pc,ptr->ranges, p-reader->obj->mapped);
+        kprintf("low_pc:%"PRIx64" ranges:%"PRIx64" %lx ",ptr->low_pc,ptr->ranges, p-reader->obj->mapped);
         for (;;) {
             uintptr_t from = read_uintptr(&p);
             uintptr_t to = read_uintptr(&p);
             if (!from && !to) break;
-            fprintf(stderr,"%"PRIx64"-%"PRIx64" ",ptr->low_pc+from,ptr->low_pc+to);
+            kprintf("%"PRIx64"-%"PRIx64" ",ptr->low_pc+from,ptr->low_pc+to);
         }
-        fprintf(stderr,"\n");
+        kprintf("\n");
     }
     else if (ptr->low_pc_set) {
-        fprintf(stderr,"low_pc:%"PRIx64"\n",ptr->low_pc);
+        kprintf("low_pc:%"PRIx64"\n",ptr->low_pc);
     }
     else {
-        fprintf(stderr,"empty\n");
+        kprintf("empty\n");
     }
 }
 #endif
 
 static int
-di_read_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
+di_read_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader, FILE *errout)
 {
     uint64_t unit_length;
     uint16_t version;
@@ -1548,6 +1760,7 @@ di_read_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
     }
     reader->cu_end = reader->p + unit_length;
     version = read_uint16(&reader->p);
+    reader->current_version = version;
     if (version > 5) {
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1560,43 +1773,72 @@ di_read_cu(DebugInfoReader *reader)
         debug_abbrev_offset = read_uint(reader);
         reader->address_size = read_uint8(&reader->p);
     }
+    if (reader->address_size != 4 && reader->address_size != 8) {
+        kprintf("unknown address_size:%d", reader->address_size);
+        return -1;
+    }
     reader->q0 = reader->obj->debug_abbrev.ptr + debug_abbrev_offset;
 
     reader->level = 0;
     di_read_debug_abbrev_cu(reader);
-    if (di_read_debug_line_cu(reader)) return -1;
+    if (di_read_debug_line_cu(reader, errout)) return -1;
 
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER_BUILD_DATE)
-    /* Though DWARF specifies "the applicable base address defaults to the base
-       address of the compilation unit", but GCC seems to use zero as default */
-#else
     do {
         DIE die;
 
-        if (!di_read_die(reader, &die)) continue;
+        if (!di_read_die(reader, &die, errout)) continue;
 
         if (die.tag != DW_TAG_compile_unit) {
-            di_skip_records(reader);
+            if (!di_skip_records(reader, errout)) return -1;
             break;
         }
 
+        reader->current_str_offsets_base = 0;
+        reader->current_addr_base = 0;
+        reader->current_rnglists_base = 0;
+
+        DebugInfoValue low_pc = {{0}};
         /* enumerate abbrev */
         for (;;) {
-            DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
-            if (!di_read_record(reader, &v)) break;
+            DebugInfoValue v = {{0}};
+            if (!di_read_record(reader, &v, errout)) break;
             switch (v.at) {
               case DW_AT_low_pc:
-                reader->current_low_pc = v.as.uint64;
+                // clang may output DW_AT_addr_base after DW_AT_low_pc.
+                // We need to resolve the DW_FORM_addr* after DW_AT_addr_base is parsed.
+                low_pc = v;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_str_offsets_base:
+                reader->current_str_offsets_base = v.as.uint64;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_addr_base:
+                reader->current_addr_base = v.as.uint64;
+                break;
+              case DW_AT_rnglists_base:
+                reader->current_rnglists_base = v.as.uint64;
                 break;
             }
         }
+        // Resolve the DW_FORM_addr of DW_AT_low_pc
+        switch (low_pc.type) {
+            case VAL_uint:
+                reader->current_low_pc = low_pc.as.uint64;
+                break;
+            case VAL_addr:
+                {
+                    addr_header_t header = {0};
+                    if (!addr_header_init(reader->obj, &header, errout)) return -1;
+                    reader->current_low_pc = read_addr(&header, reader->current_addr_base, low_pc.as.addr_idx);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
     } while (0);
-#endif
+
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void
-read_abstract_origin(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, uint64_t abstract_origin, line_info_t *line)
+read_abstract_origin(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, uint64_t abstract_origin, line_info_t *line, FILE *errout)
 {
     const char *p = reader->p;
     const char *q = reader->q;
@@ -1621,12 +1863,12 @@ read_abstract_origin(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, uint64_t abstract_o
       default:
         goto finish;
     }
-    if (!di_read_die(reader, &die)) goto finish;
+    if (!di_read_die(reader, &die, errout)) goto finish;
 
     /* enumerate abbrev */
     for (;;) {
-        DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
-        if (!di_read_record(reader, &v)) break;
+        DebugInfoValue v = {{0}};
+        if (!di_read_record(reader, &v, errout)) break;
         switch (v.at) {
           case DW_AT_name:
             line->sname = get_cstr_value(&v);
@@ -1640,36 +1882,44 @@ read_abstract_origin(DebugInfoReader *reader, uint64_t form, uint64_t abstract_o
     reader->level = level;
 }
 
-static void
+static bool
 debug_info_read(DebugInfoReader *reader, int num_traces, void **traces,
-         line_info_t *lines, int offset) {
+                line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
+{
+
+    addr_header_t addr_header = {0};
+    if (!addr_header_init(reader->obj, &addr_header, errout)) return false;
+
+    rnglists_header_t rnglists_header = {0};
+    if (!rnglists_header_init(reader->obj, &rnglists_header, errout)) return false;
+
     while (reader->p < reader->cu_end) {
         DIE die;
-        ranges_t ranges = {};
-        line_info_t line = {};
+        ranges_t ranges = {0};
+        line_info_t line = {0};
 
-        if (!di_read_die(reader, &die)) continue;
-        /* fprintf(stderr,"%d:%tx: <%d>\n",__LINE__,die.pos,reader->level,die.tag); */
+        if (!di_read_die(reader, &die, errout)) continue;
+        /* kprintf("%d:%tx: <%d>\n",__LINE__,die.pos,reader->level,die.tag); */
 
         if (die.tag != DW_TAG_subprogram && die.tag != DW_TAG_inlined_subroutine) {
           skip_die:
-            di_skip_records(reader);
+            if (!di_skip_records(reader, errout)) return false;
             continue;
         }
 
         /* enumerate abbrev */
         for (;;) {
-            DebugInfoValue v = {{}};
+            DebugInfoValue v = {{0}};
             /* ptrdiff_t pos = reader->p - reader->p0; */
-            if (!di_read_record(reader, &v)) break;
-            /* fprintf(stderr,"\n%d:%tx: AT:%lx FORM:%lx\n",__LINE__,pos,v.at,v.form); */
-            /* div_inspect(&v); */
+            if (!di_read_record(reader, &v, errout)) break;
+            /* kprintf("\n%d:%tx: AT:%lx FORM:%lx\n",__LINE__,pos,v.at,v.form); */
+            /* div_inspect(&v, errout); */
             switch (v.at) {
               case DW_AT_name:
                 line.sname = get_cstr_value(&v);
                 break;
               case DW_AT_call_file:
-                fill_filename((int)v.as.uint64, reader->debug_line_directories, reader->debug_line_files, &line, reader->obj);
+                fill_filename((int)v.as.uint64, reader->debug_line_format, reader->debug_line_version, reader->debug_line_directories, reader->debug_line_files, &line, reader->obj, errout);
                 break;
               case DW_AT_call_line:
                 line.line = (int)v.as.uint64;
@@ -1677,7 +1927,7 @@ debug_info_read(DebugInfoReader *reader, int num_traces, void **traces,
               case DW_AT_low_pc:
               case DW_AT_high_pc:
               case DW_AT_ranges:
-                ranges_set(&ranges, &v);
+                ranges_set(&ranges, &v, &addr_header, reader->current_addr_base);
                 break;
               case DW_AT_declaration:
                 goto skip_die;
@@ -1685,18 +1935,19 @@ debug_info_read(DebugInfoReader *reader, int num_traces, void **traces,
                 /* 1 or 3 */
                 break; /* goto skip_die; */
               case DW_AT_abstract_origin:
-                read_abstract_origin(reader, v.form, v.as.uint64, &line);
+                read_abstract_origin(reader, v.form, v.as.uint64, &line, errout);
                 break; /* goto skip_die; */
             }
         }
-        /* ranges_inspect(reader, &ranges); */
-        /* fprintf(stderr,"%d:%tx: %x ",__LINE__,diepos,die.tag); */
+        /* ranges_inspect(reader, &ranges, errout); */
+        /* kprintf("%d:%tx: %x ",__LINE__,diepos,die.tag); */
         for (int i=offset; i < num_traces; i++) {
             uintptr_t addr = (uintptr_t)traces[i];
             uintptr_t offset = addr - reader->obj->base_addr + reader->obj->vmaddr;
-            uintptr_t saddr = ranges_include(reader, &ranges, offset);
+            uintptr_t saddr = ranges_include(reader, &ranges, offset, &rnglists_header, errout);
+            if (saddr == UINTPTR_MAX) return false;
             if (saddr) {
-                /* fprintf(stderr, "%d:%tx: %d %lx->%lx %x %s: %s/%s %d %s %s %s\n",__LINE__,die.pos, i,addr,offset, die.tag,line.sname,line.dirname,line.filename,line.line,reader->obj->path,line.sname,lines[i].sname); */
+                /* kprintf("%d:%tx: %d %lx->%lx %x %s: %s/%s %d %s %s %s\n",__LINE__,die.pos, i,addr,offset, die.tag,line.sname,line.dirname,line.filename,line.line,reader->obj->path,line.sname,lines[i].sname); */
                 if (lines[i].sname) {
                     line_info_t *lp = malloc(sizeof(line_info_t));
                     memcpy(lp, &lines[i], sizeof(line_info_t));
@@ -1713,6 +1964,58 @@ debug_info_read(DebugInfoReader *reader, int num_traces, void **traces,
             }
         }
     }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// This function parses the following attributes of Line Number Program Header in DWARF 5:
+//
+// * directory_entry_format_count
+// * directory_entry_format
+// * directories_count
+// * directories
+//
+// or
+//
+// * file_name_entry_format_count
+// * file_name_entry_format
+// * file_names_count
+// * file_names
+//
+// It records DW_LNCT_path and DW_LNCT_directory_index at the index "idx".
+static const char *
+parse_ver5_debug_line_header(const char *p, int idx, uint8_t format,
+                             obj_info_t *obj, const char **out_path,
+                             uint64_t *out_directory_index, FILE *errout)
+{
+    int i, j;
+    int entry_format_count = *(uint8_t *)p++;
+    const char *entry_format = p;
+
+    /* skip the part of entry_format */
+    for (i = 0; i < entry_format_count * 2; i++) uleb128(&p);
+
+    int entry_count = (int)uleb128(&p);
+
+    DebugInfoReader reader = {0};
+    debug_info_reader_init(&reader, obj);
+    reader.format = format;
+    reader.p = p;
+    for (j = 0; j < entry_count; j++) {
+        const char *format = entry_format;
+        for (i = 0; i < entry_format_count; i++) {
+            DebugInfoValue v = {{0}};
+            unsigned long dw_lnct = uleb128(&format);
+            unsigned long dw_form = uleb128(&format);
+            if (!debug_info_reader_read_value(&reader, dw_form, &v, errout)) return 0;
+            if (dw_lnct == 1 /* DW_LNCT_path */ && v.type == VAL_cstr && out_path)
+                *out_path = v.as.ptr + v.off;
+            if (dw_lnct == 2 /* DW_LNCT_directory_index */ && v.type == VAL_uint && out_directory_index)
+                *out_directory_index = v.as.uint64;
+        }
+        if (j == idx) return 0;
+    }
+
+    return reader.p;
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_ELF
@@ -1748,7 +2051,7 @@ fail:
 /* read file and fill lines */
 static uintptr_t
 fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
-	   obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+	   obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
     int i, j;
     char *shstr;
@@ -1843,8 +2146,11 @@ fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
                     ".debug_info",
                     ".debug_line",
                     ".debug_ranges",
+                    ".debug_str_offsets",
+                    ".debug_addr",
                     ".debug_rnglists",
-                    ".debug_str"
+                    ".debug_str",
+                    ".debug_line_str"
                 };
 
                 for (j=0; j < DWARF_SECTION_COUNT; j++) {
@@ -1905,9 +2211,10 @@ fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
         debug_info_reader_init(&reader, obj);
         i = 0;
         while (reader.p < reader.pend) {
-            /* fprintf(stderr, "%d:%tx: CU[%d]\n", __LINE__, reader.p - reader.obj->debug_info.ptr, i++); */
-            if (di_read_cu(&reader)) goto use_symtab;
-            debug_info_read(&reader, num_traces, traces, lines, offset);
+            /* kprintf("%d:%tx: CU[%d]\n", __LINE__, reader.p - reader.obj->debug_info.ptr, i++); */
+            if (di_read_cu(&reader, errout)) goto use_symtab;
+            if (!debug_info_read(&reader, num_traces, traces, lines, offset, errout))
+                goto use_symtab;
         }
     }
     else {
@@ -1947,14 +2254,14 @@ use_symtab:
 	if (gnu_debuglink_shdr && check_debuglink) {
 	    follow_debuglink(file + gnu_debuglink_shdr->sh_offset,
 			     num_traces, traces,
-			     objp, lines, offset);
+			     objp, lines, offset, errout);
 	}
         if (note_gnu_build_id && check_debuglink) {
             ElfW(Nhdr) *nhdr = (ElfW(Nhdr)*) (file + note_gnu_build_id->sh_offset);
             const char *build_id = (char *)(nhdr + 1) + nhdr->n_namesz;
             follow_debuglink_build_id(build_id, nhdr->n_descsz,
 			       num_traces, traces,
-			       objp, lines, offset);
+                               objp, lines, offset, errout);
         }
 	goto finish;
     }
@@ -1962,7 +2269,7 @@ use_symtab:
     if (parse_debug_line(num_traces, traces,
             obj->debug_line.ptr,
             obj->debug_line.size,
-            obj, lines, offset) == -1)
+            obj, lines, offset, errout) == -1)
         goto fail;
 
 finish:
@@ -1974,7 +2281,7 @@ fail:
 /* read file and fill lines */
 static uintptr_t
 fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
-        obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset)
+        obj_info_t **objp, line_info_t *lines, int offset, FILE *errout)
 {
 # ifdef __LP64__
 #  define LP(x) x##_64
@@ -2053,13 +2360,13 @@ fill_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, int check_debuglink,
         struct fat_header *fat = (struct fat_header *)file;
         char *q = file + sizeof(*fat);
         uint32_t nfat_arch = __builtin_bswap32(fat->nfat_arch);
-        /* fprintf(stderr,"%d: fat:%s %d\n",__LINE__, binary_filename,nfat_arch); */
+        /* kprintf("%d: fat:%s %d\n",__LINE__, binary_filename,nfat_arch); */
         for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nfat_arch; i++) {
             struct fat_arch *arch = (struct fat_arch *)q;
             cpu_type_t cputype = __builtin_bswap32(arch->cputype);
             cpu_subtype_t cpusubtype = __builtin_bswap32(arch->cpusubtype);
             uint32_t offset = __builtin_bswap32(arch->offset);
-            /* fprintf(stderr,"%d: fat %d %x/%x %x/%x\n",__LINE__, i, mhp->cputype,mhp->cpusubtype, cputype,cpusubtype); */
+            /* kprintf("%d: fat %d %x/%x %x/%x\n",__LINE__, i, mhp->cputype,mhp->cpusubtype, cputype,cpusubtype); */
             if (mhp->cputype == cputype &&
                     (cpu_subtype_t)(mhp->cpusubtype & ~CPU_SUBTYPE_MASK) == cpusubtype) {
                 p = file + offset;
@@ -2100,8 +2407,11 @@ found_mach_header:
                     "__debug_info",
                     "__debug_line",
                     "__debug_ranges",
+                    "__debug_str_offsets",
+                    "__debug_addr",
                     "__debug_rnglists",
-                    "__debug_str"
+                    "__debug_str",
+                    "__debug_line_str",
                 };
                 struct LP(segment_command) *scmd = (struct LP(segment_command) *)lcmd;
                 if (strcmp(scmd->segname, "__TEXT") == 0) {
@@ -2172,15 +2482,16 @@ found_mach_header:
         DebugInfoReader reader;
         debug_info_reader_init(&reader, obj);
         while (reader.p < reader.pend) {
-            if (di_read_cu(&reader)) goto fail;
-            debug_info_read(&reader, num_traces, traces, lines, offset);
+            if (di_read_cu(&reader, errout)) goto fail;
+            if (!debug_info_read(&reader, num_traces, traces, lines, offset, errout))
+                goto fail;
         }
     }
 
     if (parse_debug_line(num_traces, traces,
             obj->debug_line.ptr,
             obj->debug_line.size,
-            obj, lines, offset) == -1)
+            obj, lines, offset, errout) == -1)
         goto fail;
 
     return dladdr_fbase;
@@ -2193,7 +2504,7 @@ fail:
 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
 # include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #endif
-/* ssize_t main_exe_path(void)
+/* ssize_t main_exe_path(FILE *errout)
  *
  * store the path of the main executable to `binary_filename`,
  * and returns strlen(binary_filename).
@@ -2201,7 +2512,7 @@ fail:
  */
 #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
 static ssize_t
-main_exe_path(void)
+main_exe_path(FILE *errout)
 {
 # if defined(__linux__)
 #  define PROC_SELF_EXE "/proc/self/exe"
@@ -2215,7 +2526,7 @@ main_exe_path(void)
 }
 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
 static ssize_t
-main_exe_path(void)
+main_exe_path(FILE *errout)
 {
     int mib[4] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, -1};
     size_t len = PATH_MAX;
@@ -2229,7 +2540,7 @@ main_exe_path(void)
 }
 #elif defined(HAVE_LIBPROC_H)
 static ssize_t
-main_exe_path(void)
+main_exe_path(FILE *errout)
 {
     int len = proc_pidpath(getpid(), binary_filename, PATH_MAX);
     if (len == 0) return 0;
@@ -2241,7 +2552,7 @@ main_exe_path(void)
 #endif
 
 static void
-print_line0(line_info_t *line, void *address)
+print_line0(line_info_t *line, void *address, FILE *errout)
 {
     uintptr_t addr = (uintptr_t)address;
     uintptr_t d = addr - line->saddr;
@@ -2282,16 +2593,16 @@ print_line0(line_info_t *line, void *address)
 }
 
 static void
-print_line(line_info_t *line, void *address)
+print_line(line_info_t *line, void *address, FILE *errout)
 {
-    print_line0(line, address);
+    print_line0(line, address, errout);
     if (line->next) {
-        print_line(line->next, NULL);
+        print_line(line->next, NULL, errout);
     }
 }
 
 void
-rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces)
+rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, FILE *errout)
 {
     int i;
     /* async-signal unsafe */
@@ -2299,17 +2610,18 @@ rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces)
     obj_info_t *obj = NULL;
     /* 2 is NULL + main executable */
     void **dladdr_fbases = (void **)calloc(num_traces+2, sizeof(void *));
+
 #ifdef HAVE_MAIN_EXE_PATH
     char *main_path = NULL; /* used on printing backtrace */
     ssize_t len;
-    if ((len = main_exe_path()) > 0) {
+    if ((len = main_exe_path(errout)) > 0) {
 	main_path = (char *)alloca(len + 1);
 	if (main_path) {
 	    uintptr_t addr;
 	    memcpy(main_path, binary_filename, len+1);
 	    append_obj(&obj);
 	    obj->path = main_path;
-	    addr = fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 1, &obj, lines, -1);
+	    addr = fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 1, &obj, lines, -1, errout);
 	    if (addr != (uintptr_t)-1) {
 		dladdr_fbases[0] = (void *)addr;
 	    }
@@ -2346,7 +2658,7 @@ rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces)
                 lines[i].saddr = (uintptr_t)info.dli_saddr;
             }
 	    strlcpy(binary_filename, path, PATH_MAX);
-	    if (fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 1, &obj, lines, i) == (uintptr_t)-1)
+	    if (fill_lines(num_traces, traces, 1, &obj, lines, i, errout) == (uintptr_t)-1)
 		break;
 	}
 next_line:
@@ -2355,7 +2667,7 @@ next_line:
 
     /* output */
     for (i = 0; i < num_traces; i++) {
-        print_line(&lines[i], traces[i]);
+        print_line(&lines[i], traces[i], errout);
 
 	/* FreeBSD's backtrace may show _start and so on */
 	if (lines[i].sname && strcmp("main", lines[i].sname) == 0)
@@ -2389,435 +2701,8 @@ next_line:
     free(dladdr_fbases);
 }
 
-/* From FreeBSD's lib/libstand/printf.c */
-/*-
- * Copyright (c) 1986, 1988, 1991, 1993
- *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
- * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
- * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
- * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
- * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
- * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
- *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *    without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
- * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
- * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
- * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
- * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
- * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
- * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- * SUCH DAMAGE.
- *
- *	@(#)subr_prf.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
- */
-
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#define MAXNBUF (sizeof(intmax_t) * CHAR_BIT + 1)
-static inline int toupper(int c) { return ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') ? (c&0x5f) : c; }
-#define    hex2ascii(hex)  (hex2ascii_data[hex])
-static const char hex2ascii_data[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
-static inline int imax(int a, int b) { return (a > b ? a : b); }
-static int kvprintf(char const *fmt, void (*func)(int), void *arg, int radix, va_list ap);
+#undef kprintf
 
-static void putce(int c)
-{
-    char s[1];
-    ssize_t ret;
-
-    s[0] = (char)c;
-    ret = write(2, s, 1);
-    (void)ret;
-}
-
-static int
-kprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
-{
-	va_list ap;
-	int retval;
-
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	retval = kvprintf(fmt, putce, NULL, 10, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-	return retval;
-}
-
-/*
- * Put a NUL-terminated ASCII number (base <= 36) in a buffer in reverse
- * order; return an optional length and a pointer to the last character
- * written in the buffer (i.e., the first character of the string).
- * The buffer pointed to by `nbuf' must have length >= MAXNBUF.
- */
-static char *
-ksprintn(char *nbuf, uintmax_t num, int base, int *lenp, int upper)
-{
-	char *p, c;
-
-	p = nbuf;
-	*p = '\0';
-	do {
-		c = hex2ascii(num % base);
-		*++p = upper ? toupper(c) : c;
-	} while (num /= base);
-	if (lenp)
-		*lenp = (int)(p - nbuf);
-	return (p);
-}
-
-/*
- * Scaled down version of printf(3).
- *
- * Two additional formats:
- *
- * The format %b is supported to decode error registers.
- * Its usage is:
- *
- *	printf("reg=%b\n", regval, "<base><arg>*");
- *
- * where <base> is the output base expressed as a control character, e.g.
- * \10 gives octal; \20 gives hex.  Each arg is a sequence of characters,
- * the first of which gives the bit number to be inspected (origin 1), and
- * the next characters (up to a control character, i.e. a character <= 32),
- * give the name of the register.  Thus:
- *
- *	kvprintf("reg=%b\n", 3, "\10\2BITTWO\1BITONE\n");
- *
- * would produce output:
- *
- *	reg=3<BITTWO,BITONE>
- *
- * XXX:  %D  -- Hexdump, takes pointer and separator string:
- *		("%6D", ptr, ":")   -> XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
- *		("%*D", len, ptr, " " -> XX XX XX XX ...
- */
-static int
-kvprintf(char const *fmt, void (*func)(int), void *arg, int radix, va_list ap)
-{
-#define PCHAR(c) {int cc=(c); if (func) (*func)(cc); else *d++ = cc; retval++; }
-	char nbuf[MAXNBUF];
-	char *d;
-	const char *p, *percent, *q;
-	unsigned char *up;
-	int ch, n;
-	uintmax_t num;
-	int base, lflag, qflag, tmp, width, ladjust, sharpflag, neg, sign, dot;
-	int cflag, hflag, jflag, tflag, zflag;
-	int dwidth, upper;
-	char padc;
-	int stop = 0, retval = 0;
-
-	num = 0;
-	if (!func)
-		d = (char *) arg;
-	else
-		d = NULL;
-
-	if (fmt == NULL)
-		fmt = "(fmt null)\n";
-
-	if (radix < 2 || radix > 36)
-		radix = 10;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		padc = ' ';
-		width = 0;
-		while ((ch = (unsigned char)*fmt++) != '%' || stop) {
-			if (ch == '\0')
-				return (retval);
-			PCHAR(ch);
-		}
-		percent = fmt - 1;
-		qflag = 0; lflag = 0; ladjust = 0; sharpflag = 0; neg = 0;
-		sign = 0; dot = 0; dwidth = 0; upper = 0;
-		cflag = 0; hflag = 0; jflag = 0; tflag = 0; zflag = 0;
-reswitch:	switch (ch = (unsigned char)*fmt++) {
-		case '.':
-			dot = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case '#':
-			sharpflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case '+':
-			sign = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case '-':
-			ladjust = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case '%':
-			PCHAR(ch);
-			break;
-		case '*':
-			if (!dot) {
-				width = va_arg(ap, int);
-				if (width < 0) {
-					ladjust = !ladjust;
-					width = -width;
-				}
-			} else {
-				dwidth = va_arg(ap, int);
-			}
-			goto reswitch;
-		case '0':
-			if (!dot) {
-				padc = '0';
-				goto reswitch;
-			}
-		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
-		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
-				for (n = 0;; ++fmt) {
-					n = n * 10 + ch - '0';
-					ch = *fmt;
-					if (ch < '0' || ch > '9')
-						break;
-				}
-			if (dot)
-				dwidth = n;
-			else
-				width = n;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case 'b':
-			num = (unsigned int)va_arg(ap, int);
-			p = va_arg(ap, char *);
-			for (q = ksprintn(nbuf, num, *p++, NULL, 0); *q;)
-				PCHAR(*q--);
-
-			if (num == 0)
-				break;
-
-			for (tmp = 0; *p;) {
-				n = *p++;
-				if (num & (1 << (n - 1))) {
-					PCHAR(tmp ? ',' : '<');
-					for (; (n = *p) > ' '; ++p)
-						PCHAR(n);
-					tmp = 1;
-				} else
-					for (; *p > ' '; ++p)
-						continue;
-			}
-			if (tmp)
-				PCHAR('>');
-			break;
-		case 'c':
-			PCHAR(va_arg(ap, int));
-			break;
-		case 'D':
-			up = va_arg(ap, unsigned char *);
-			p = va_arg(ap, char *);
-			if (!width)
-				width = 16;
-			while(width--) {
-				PCHAR(hex2ascii(*up >> 4));
-				PCHAR(hex2ascii(*up & 0x0f));
-				up++;
-				if (width)
-					for (q=p;*q;q++)
-						PCHAR(*q);
-			}
-			break;
-		case 'd':
-		case 'i':
-			base = 10;
-			sign = 1;
-			goto handle_sign;
-		case 'h':
-			if (hflag) {
-				hflag = 0;
-				cflag = 1;
-			} else
-				hflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case 'j':
-			jflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case 'l':
-			if (lflag) {
-				lflag = 0;
-				qflag = 1;
-			} else
-				lflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case 'n':
-			if (jflag)
-				*(va_arg(ap, intmax_t *)) = retval;
-			else if (qflag)
-				*(va_arg(ap, int64_t *)) = retval;
-			else if (lflag)
-				*(va_arg(ap, long *)) = retval;
-			else if (zflag)
-				*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = retval;
-			else if (hflag)
-				*(va_arg(ap, short *)) = retval;
-			else if (cflag)
-				*(va_arg(ap, char *)) = retval;
-			else
-				*(va_arg(ap, int *)) = retval;
-			break;
-		case 'o':
-			base = 8;
-			goto handle_nosign;
-		case 'p':
-			base = 16;
-			sharpflag = (width == 0);
-			sign = 0;
-			num = (uintptr_t)va_arg(ap, void *);
-			goto number;
-		case 'q':
-			qflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case 'r':
-			base = radix;
-			if (sign)
-				goto handle_sign;
-			goto handle_nosign;
-		case 's':
-			p = va_arg(ap, char *);
-			if (p == NULL)
-				p = "(null)";
-			if (!dot)
-				n = (int)strlen (p);
-			else
-				for (n = 0; n < dwidth && p[n]; n++)
-					continue;
-
-			width -= n;
-
-			if (!ladjust && width > 0)
-				while (width--)
-					PCHAR(padc);
-			while (n--)
-				PCHAR(*p++);
-			if (ladjust && width > 0)
-				while (width--)
-					PCHAR(padc);
-			break;
-		case 't':
-			tflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-		case 'u':
-			base = 10;
-			goto handle_nosign;
-		case 'X':
-			upper = 1;
-		case 'x':
-			base = 16;
-			goto handle_nosign;
-		case 'y':
-			base = 16;
-			sign = 1;
-			goto handle_sign;
-		case 'z':
-			zflag = 1;
-			goto reswitch;
-handle_nosign:
-			sign = 0;
-			if (jflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, uintmax_t);
-			else if (qflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, uint64_t);
-			else if (tflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, ptrdiff_t);
-			else if (lflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, unsigned long);
-			else if (zflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, size_t);
-			else if (hflag)
-				num = (unsigned short)va_arg(ap, int);
-			else if (cflag)
-				num = (unsigned char)va_arg(ap, int);
-			else
-				num = va_arg(ap, unsigned int);
-			goto number;
-handle_sign:
-			if (jflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, intmax_t);
-			else if (qflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, int64_t);
-			else if (tflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, ptrdiff_t);
-			else if (lflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, long);
-			else if (zflag)
-				num = va_arg(ap, ssize_t);
-			else if (hflag)
-				num = (short)va_arg(ap, int);
-			else if (cflag)
-				num = (char)va_arg(ap, int);
-			else
-				num = va_arg(ap, int);
-number:
-			if (sign && (intmax_t)num < 0) {
-				neg = 1;
-				num = -(intmax_t)num;
-			}
-			p = ksprintn(nbuf, num, base, &n, upper);
-			tmp = 0;
-			if (sharpflag && num != 0) {
-				if (base == 8)
-					tmp++;
-				else if (base == 16)
-					tmp += 2;
-			}
-			if (neg)
-				tmp++;
-
-			if (!ladjust && padc == '0')
-				dwidth = width - tmp;
-			width -= tmp + imax(dwidth, n);
-			dwidth -= n;
-			if (!ladjust)
-				while (width-- > 0)
-					PCHAR(' ');
-			if (neg)
-				PCHAR('-');
-			if (sharpflag && num != 0) {
-				if (base == 8) {
-					PCHAR('0');
-				} else if (base == 16) {
-					PCHAR('0');
-					PCHAR('x');
-				}
-			}
-			while (dwidth-- > 0)
-				PCHAR('0');
-
-			while (*p)
-				PCHAR(*p--);
-
-			if (ladjust)
-				while (width-- > 0)
-					PCHAR(' ');
-
-			break;
-		default:
-			while (percent < fmt)
-				PCHAR(*percent++);
-			/*
-			 * Since we ignore an formatting argument it is no
-			 * longer safe to obey the remaining formatting
-			 * arguments as the arguments will no longer match
-			 * the format specs.
-			 */
-			stop = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-#undef PCHAR
-}
 #else /* defined(USE_ELF) */
 #error not supported
 #endif
diff --git a/addr2line.h b/addr2line.h
index f09b665800..ff8e476b92 100644
--- a/addr2line.h
+++ b/addr2line.h
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@
 
 #if (defined(USE_ELF) || defined(HAVE_MACH_O_LOADER_H))
 
+#include <stdio.h>
+
 void
-rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces);
+rb_dump_backtrace_with_lines(int num_traces, void **traces, FILE *errout);
 
 #endif /* USE_ELF */
 
diff --git a/array.c b/array.c
index 793a53f17b..d029d44b39 100644
--- a/array.c
+++ b/array.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include "ruby/encoding.h"
 #include "ruby/st.h"
 #include "ruby/util.h"
-#include "transient_heap.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 
 #if !ARRAY_DEBUG
@@ -47,13 +46,8 @@ VALUE rb_cArray;
  * 2:   RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG (equal to ELTS_SHARED)
  *          The array is shared. The buffer this array points to is owned by
  *          another array (the shared root).
- * if USE_RVARGC
  * 3-9: RARRAY_EMBED_LEN
  *          The length of the array when RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG is set.
- * else
- * 3-4: RARRAY_EMBED_LEN
- *          The length of the array when RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG is set.
- * endif
  * 12:  RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG
  *          The array is a shared root that does reference counting. The buffer
  *          this array points to is owned by this array but may be pointed to
@@ -63,8 +57,6 @@ VALUE rb_cArray;
  *                they cannot be modified. Not updating the reference count
  *                improves copy-on-write performance. Their reference count is
  *                assumed to be infinity.
- * 13:  RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG
- *          The buffer of the array is allocated on the transient heap.
  * 14:  RARRAY_PTR_IN_USE_FLAG
  *          The buffer of the array is in use. This is only used during
  *          debugging.
@@ -102,7 +94,6 @@ should_be_T_ARRAY(VALUE ary)
 #define FL_SET_EMBED(a) do { \
     assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(a)); \
     FL_SET((a), RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG); \
-    RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(a); \
     ary_verify(a); \
 } while (0)
 
@@ -161,16 +152,6 @@ should_be_T_ARRAY(VALUE ary)
     RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.aux.capa = (n); \
 } while (0)
 
-#define ARY_SET_SHARED(ary, value) do { \
-    const VALUE _ary_ = (ary); \
-    const VALUE _value_ = (value); \
-    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(_ary_)); \
-    assert(ARY_SHARED_P(_ary_)); \
-    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(_ary_)); \
-    assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(_value_) || OBJ_FROZEN(_value_)); \
-    RB_OBJ_WRITE(_ary_, &RARRAY(_ary_)->as.heap.aux.shared_root, _value_); \
-} while (0)
-
 #define ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(ary) (!OBJ_FROZEN(ary) && ARY_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(ary) == 1)
 #define ARY_SET_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(ary, value) do { \
     assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary)); \
@@ -181,7 +162,6 @@ should_be_T_ARRAY(VALUE ary)
 #define FL_SET_SHARED_ROOT(ary) do { \
     assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary)); \
     assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)); \
-    assert(!RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)); \
     FL_SET((ary), RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG); \
 } while (0)
 
@@ -198,13 +178,9 @@ ARY_SET(VALUE a, long i, VALUE v)
 static long
 ary_embed_capa(VALUE ary)
 {
-#if USE_RVARGC
     size_t size = rb_gc_obj_slot_size(ary) - offsetof(struct RArray, as.ary);
     assert(size % sizeof(VALUE) == 0);
     return size / sizeof(VALUE);
-#else
-    return RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
-#endif
 }
 
 static size_t
@@ -216,18 +192,21 @@ ary_embed_size(long capa)
 static bool
 ary_embeddable_p(long capa)
 {
-#if USE_RVARGC
     return rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(ary_embed_size(capa));
-#else
-    return capa <= RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
-#endif
 }
 
 bool
 rb_ary_embeddable_p(VALUE ary)
 {
-    // if the array is shared or a shared root then it's not moveable
-    return !(ARY_SHARED_P(ary) || ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary));
+    /* An array cannot be turned embeddable when the array is:
+     *  - Shared root: other objects may point to the buffer of this array
+     *    so we cannot make it embedded.
+     *  - Frozen: this array may also be a shared root without the shared root
+     *    flag.
+     *  - Shared: we don't want to re-embed an array that points to a shared
+     *    root (to save memory).
+     */
+    return !(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary) || OBJ_FROZEN(ary) || ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
 }
 
 size_t
@@ -242,7 +221,7 @@ rb_ary_size_as_embedded(VALUE ary)
         real_size = ary_embed_size(ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary));
     }
     else {
-        real_size = sizeof(struct RString);
+        real_size = sizeof(struct RArray);
     }
     return real_size;
 }
@@ -259,20 +238,18 @@ ary_verify_(VALUE ary, const char *file, int line)
     if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
         VALUE root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
         const VALUE *ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
-        const VALUE *root_ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(root);
+        const VALUE *root_ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(root);
         long len = ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary), root_len = RARRAY_LEN(root);
         assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(root) || OBJ_FROZEN(root));
         assert(root_ptr <= ptr && ptr + len <= root_ptr + root_len);
         ary_verify(root);
     }
     else if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
-        assert(!RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary));
         assert(!ARY_SHARED_P(ary));
         assert(RARRAY_LEN(ary) <= ary_embed_capa(ary));
     }
     else {
-#if 1
-        const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
         long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
         volatile VALUE v;
         if (len > 1) len = 1; /* check only HEAD */
@@ -280,16 +257,7 @@ ary_verify_(VALUE ary, const char *file, int line)
             v = ptr[i]; /* access check */
         }
         v = v;
-#endif
-    }
-
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
-        assert(rb_transient_heap_managed_ptr_p(RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)));
     }
-#endif
-
-    rb_transient_heap_verify();
 
     return ary;
 }
@@ -309,7 +277,7 @@ rb_ary_ptr_use_start(VALUE ary)
 #if ARRAY_DEBUG
     FL_SET_RAW(ary, RARRAY_PTR_IN_USE_FLAG);
 #endif
-    return (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    return (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
 }
 
 void
@@ -331,7 +299,7 @@ rb_mem_clear(VALUE *mem, long size)
 static void
 ary_mem_clear(VALUE ary, long beg, long size)
 {
-    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
         rb_mem_clear(ptr + beg, size);
     });
 }
@@ -347,7 +315,7 @@ memfill(register VALUE *mem, register long size, register VALUE val)
 static void
 ary_memfill(VALUE ary, long beg, long size, VALUE val)
 {
-    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
         memfill(ptr + beg, size, val);
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(ary, Qundef, val);
     });
@@ -360,13 +328,13 @@ ary_memcpy0(VALUE ary, long beg, long argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE buff_owner_
 
     if (argc > (int)(128/sizeof(VALUE)) /* is magic number (cache line size) */) {
         rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(buff_owner_ary);
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
             MEMCPY(ptr+beg, argv, VALUE, argc);
         });
     }
     else {
         int i;
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
             for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
                 RB_OBJ_WRITE(buff_owner_ary, &ptr[i+beg], argv[i]);
             }
@@ -381,138 +349,45 @@ ary_memcpy(VALUE ary, long beg, long argc, const VALUE *argv)
 }
 
 static VALUE *
-ary_heap_alloc(VALUE ary, size_t capa)
+ary_heap_alloc(size_t capa)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr = rb_transient_heap_alloc(ary, sizeof(VALUE) * capa);
-
-    if (ptr != NULL) {
-        RARY_TRANSIENT_SET(ary);
-    }
-    else {
-        RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
-        ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
-    }
-
-    return ptr;
+    return ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
 }
 
 static void
 ary_heap_free_ptr(VALUE ary, const VALUE *ptr, long size)
 {
-    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
-        /* ignore it */
-    }
-    else {
-        ruby_sized_xfree((void *)ptr, size);
-    }
+    ruby_sized_xfree((void *)ptr, size);
 }
 
 static void
 ary_heap_free(VALUE ary)
 {
-    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
-        RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
-    }
-    else {
-        ary_heap_free_ptr(ary, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), ARY_HEAP_SIZE(ary));
-    }
+    ary_heap_free_ptr(ary, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), ARY_HEAP_SIZE(ary));
 }
 
 static size_t
 ary_heap_realloc(VALUE ary, size_t new_capa)
 {
-    size_t alloc_capa = new_capa;
-    size_t old_capa = ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary);
-
-    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
-        if (new_capa <= old_capa) {
-            /* do nothing */
-            alloc_capa = old_capa;
-        }
-        else {
-            VALUE *new_ptr = rb_transient_heap_alloc(ary, sizeof(VALUE) * new_capa);
-
-            if (new_ptr == NULL) {
-                new_ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, new_capa);
-                RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
-            }
-
-            MEMCPY(new_ptr, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), VALUE, old_capa);
-            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, new_ptr);
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        SIZED_REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr, VALUE, new_capa, old_capa);
-    }
-    ary_verify(ary);
-
-    return alloc_capa;
-}
-
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-static inline void
-rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate_(VALUE ary, int transient, int promote)
-{
-    if (transient) {
-        assert(!ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(ary));
-
-        VALUE *new_ptr;
-        const VALUE *old_ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
-        long capa = ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary);
-
-        assert(ARY_OWNS_HEAP_P(ary));
-        assert(RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary));
-        assert(!ARY_PTR_USING_P(ary));
-
-        if (promote) {
-            new_ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
-            RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
-        }
-        else {
-            new_ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capa);
-        }
-
-        MEMCPY(new_ptr, old_ptr, VALUE, capa);
-        /* do not use ARY_SET_PTR() because they assert !frozen */
-        RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr = new_ptr;
-    }
-
+    SIZED_REALLOC_N(RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.ptr, VALUE, new_capa, ARY_HEAP_CAPA(ary));
     ary_verify(ary);
-}
 
-void
-rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(VALUE ary, int promote)
-{
-    rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate_(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary), promote);
+    return new_capa;
 }
 
 void
-rb_ary_detransient(VALUE ary)
-{
-    assert(RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary));
-    rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate_(ary, TRUE, TRUE);
-}
-#else
-void
-rb_ary_detransient(VALUE ary)
-{
-    /* do nothing */
-}
-#endif
-
-void
 rb_ary_make_embedded(VALUE ary)
 {
     assert(rb_ary_embeddable_p(ary));
     if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
-        VALUE *buf = RARRAY_PTR(ary);
-        long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
+        const VALUE *buf = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
+        long len = ARY_HEAP_LEN(ary);
 
         FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
         ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, len);
-        RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(ary);
 
-        memmove(RARRAY_PTR(ary), buf, len * sizeof(VALUE));
+        MEMCPY((void *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), (void *)buf, VALUE, len);
+
         ary_heap_free_ptr(ary, buf, len * sizeof(VALUE));
     }
 }
@@ -528,7 +403,7 @@ ary_resize_capa(VALUE ary, long capacity)
         size_t new_capa = capacity;
         if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
             long len = ARY_EMBED_LEN(ary);
-            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capacity);
+            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(capacity);
 
             MEMCPY(ptr, ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), VALUE, len);
             FL_UNSET_EMBED(ary);
@@ -632,10 +507,15 @@ rb_ary_increment_share(VALUE shared_root)
 static void
 rb_ary_set_shared(VALUE ary, VALUE shared_root)
 {
+    assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
+    assert(!OBJ_FROZEN(ary));
+    assert(ARY_SHARED_ROOT_P(shared_root) || OBJ_FROZEN(shared_root));
+
     rb_ary_increment_share(shared_root);
     FL_SET_SHARED(ary);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(ary, &RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.aux.shared_root, shared_root);
+
     RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_shared_create);
-    ARY_SET_SHARED(ary, shared_root);
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -663,18 +543,18 @@ rb_ary_cancel_sharing(VALUE ary)
             ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(ary, len);
         }
         else if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(shared_root) && len > ((shared_len = RARRAY_LEN(shared_root))>>1)) {
-            long shift = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) - RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root);
+            long shift = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary) - RARRAY_CONST_PTR(shared_root);
             FL_UNSET_SHARED(ary);
-            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root));
+            ARY_SET_PTR(ary, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(shared_root));
             ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, shared_len);
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
                 MEMMOVE(ptr, ptr+shift, VALUE, len);
             });
             FL_SET_EMBED(shared_root);
             rb_ary_decrement_share(shared_root);
         }
         else {
-            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, len);
+            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(len);
             MEMCPY(ptr, ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary), VALUE, len);
             rb_ary_unshare(ary);
             ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, len);
@@ -707,7 +587,7 @@ ary_ensure_room_for_push(VALUE ary, long add_len)
         if (new_len > ary_embed_capa(ary)) {
             VALUE shared_root = ARY_SHARED_ROOT(ary);
             if (ARY_SHARED_ROOT_OCCUPIED(shared_root)) {
-                if (ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary) - RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root) + new_len <= RARRAY_LEN(shared_root)) {
+                if (ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary) - RARRAY_CONST_PTR(shared_root) + new_len <= RARRAY_LEN(shared_root)) {
                     rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
 
                     ary_verify(ary);
@@ -785,12 +665,9 @@ ary_alloc_embed(VALUE klass, long capa)
 {
     size_t size = ary_embed_size(capa);
     assert(rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size));
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    assert(size <= sizeof(struct RArray));
-#endif
-    RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
+    NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
                      T_ARRAY | RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
-                     size);
+                     size, 0);
     /* Created array is:
      *   FL_SET_EMBED((VALUE)ary);
      *   ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN((VALUE)ary, 0);
@@ -801,9 +678,9 @@ ary_alloc_embed(VALUE klass, long capa)
 static VALUE
 ary_alloc_heap(VALUE klass)
 {
-    RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
+    NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
                      T_ARRAY | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
-                     sizeof(struct RArray));
+                     sizeof(struct RArray), 0);
     return (VALUE)ary;
 }
 
@@ -817,7 +694,7 @@ empty_ary_alloc(VALUE klass)
 static VALUE
 ary_new(VALUE klass, long capa)
 {
-    VALUE ary,*ptr;
+    VALUE ary;
 
     if (capa < 0) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size (or size too big)");
@@ -833,11 +710,10 @@ ary_new(VALUE klass, long capa)
     }
     else {
         ary = ary_alloc_heap(klass);
+        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, capa);
         assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
 
-        ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capa);
-        ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
-        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, capa);
+        ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ary_heap_alloc(capa));
         ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, 0);
     }
 
@@ -875,7 +751,7 @@ VALUE
     return ary;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ary_tmp_new_from_values(VALUE klass, long n, const VALUE *elts)
 {
     VALUE ary;
@@ -900,12 +776,9 @@ ec_ary_alloc_embed(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, long capa)
 {
     size_t size = ary_embed_size(capa);
     assert(rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size));
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    assert(size <= sizeof(struct RArray));
-#endif
-    RB_RVARGC_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, ary, struct RArray, klass,
-                           T_ARRAY | RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
-                           size);
+    NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
+            T_ARRAY | RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
+            size, ec);
     /* Created array is:
      *   FL_SET_EMBED((VALUE)ary);
      *   ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN((VALUE)ary, 0);
@@ -916,16 +789,16 @@ ec_ary_alloc_embed(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, long capa)
 static VALUE
 ec_ary_alloc_heap(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass)
 {
-    RB_RVARGC_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, ary, struct RArray, klass,
-                           T_ARRAY | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
-                           sizeof(struct RArray));
+    NEWOBJ_OF(ary, struct RArray, klass,
+            T_ARRAY | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0),
+            sizeof(struct RArray), ec);
     return (VALUE)ary;
 }
 
 static VALUE
 ec_ary_new(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, long capa)
 {
-    VALUE ary,*ptr;
+    VALUE ary;
 
     if (capa < 0) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative array size (or size too big)");
@@ -941,11 +814,10 @@ ec_ary_new(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, long capa)
     }
     else {
         ary = ec_ary_alloc_heap(ec, klass);
+        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, capa);
         assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
 
-        ptr = ary_heap_alloc(ary, capa);
-        ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
-        ARY_SET_CAPA(ary, capa);
+        ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ary_heap_alloc(capa));
         ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, 0);
     }
 
@@ -970,7 +842,6 @@ VALUE
 rb_ary_hidden_new(long capa)
 {
     VALUE ary = ary_new(0, capa);
-    rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(ary, TRUE);
     return ary;
 }
 
@@ -993,13 +864,8 @@ rb_ary_free(VALUE ary)
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_extracapa);
         }
 
-        if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary)) {
-            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_transient);
-        }
-        else {
-            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_ptr);
-            ary_heap_free(ary);
-        }
+        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_ptr);
+        ary_heap_free(ary);
     }
     else {
         RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_embed);
@@ -1027,7 +893,6 @@ rb_ary_memsize(VALUE ary)
 static VALUE
 ary_make_shared(VALUE ary)
 {
-    assert(USE_RVARGC || !ARY_EMBED_P(ary));
     ary_verify(ary);
 
     if (ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
@@ -1038,43 +903,35 @@ ary_make_shared(VALUE ary)
     }
     else if (OBJ_FROZEN(ary)) {
         if (!ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
-            rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(ary, TRUE);
             ary_shrink_capa(ary);
         }
         return ary;
     }
     else {
-        rb_ary_transient_heap_evacuate(ary, TRUE);
-
         long capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
         long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
 
         /* Shared roots cannot be embedded because the reference count
          * (refcnt) is stored in as.heap.aux.capa. */
         VALUE shared = ary_alloc_heap(0);
+        FL_SET_SHARED_ROOT(shared);
 
         if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary)) {
-            /* Cannot use ary_heap_alloc because we don't want to allocate
-             * on the transient heap. */
-            VALUE *ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, capa);
+            VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(capa);
             ARY_SET_PTR(shared, ptr);
-            ary_memcpy(shared, 0, len, RARRAY_PTR(ary));
+            ary_memcpy(shared, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
 
             FL_UNSET_EMBED(ary);
             ARY_SET_HEAP_LEN(ary, len);
             ARY_SET_PTR(ary, ptr);
         }
         else {
-            ARY_SET_PTR(shared, RARRAY_PTR(ary));
+            ARY_SET_PTR(shared, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
         }
 
         ARY_SET_LEN(shared, capa);
         ary_mem_clear(shared, len, capa - len);
-        FL_SET_SHARED_ROOT(shared);
-        ARY_SET_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(shared, 1);
-        FL_SET_SHARED(ary);
-        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_ary_shared_create);
-        ARY_SET_SHARED(ary, shared);
+        rb_ary_set_shared(ary, shared);
 
         ary_verify(shared);
         ary_verify(ary);
@@ -1092,7 +949,7 @@ ary_make_substitution(VALUE ary)
         VALUE subst = rb_ary_new_capa(len);
         assert(ARY_EMBED_P(subst));
 
-        ary_memcpy(subst, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+        ary_memcpy(subst, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
         ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(subst, len);
         return subst;
     }
@@ -1120,7 +977,7 @@ rb_check_array_type(VALUE ary)
     return rb_check_convert_type_with_id(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", idTo_ary);
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_check_to_array(VALUE ary)
 {
     return rb_check_convert_type_with_id(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", idTo_a);
@@ -1195,7 +1052,7 @@ rb_ary_s_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *    a.class # => Array
  *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
  *
- *  With no block and a single \Integer argument +size+,
+ *  With no block and a single Integer argument +size+,
  *  returns a new \Array of the given size
  *  whose elements are all +nil+:
  *
@@ -1335,21 +1192,22 @@ ary_make_partial(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len)
     assert(len >= 0);
     assert(offset+len <= RARRAY_LEN(ary));
 
-    const size_t rarray_embed_capa_max = (sizeof(struct RArray) - offsetof(struct RArray, as.ary)) / sizeof(VALUE);
-
-    if ((size_t)len <= rarray_embed_capa_max && ary_embeddable_p(len)) {
-        VALUE result = ary_alloc_embed(klass, len);
-        ary_memcpy(result, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) + offset);
+    VALUE result = ary_alloc_heap(klass);
+    size_t embed_capa = ary_embed_capa(result);
+    if ((size_t)len <= embed_capa) {
+        FL_SET_EMBED(result);
+        ary_memcpy(result, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary) + offset);
         ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, len);
-        return result;
     }
     else {
-        VALUE result = ary_alloc_heap(klass);
-        assert(!ARY_EMBED_P(result));
-
         VALUE shared = ary_make_shared(ary);
 
-        ARY_SET_PTR(result, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+        /* The ary_make_shared call may allocate, which can trigger a GC
+         * compaction. This can cause the array to be embedded because it has
+         * a length of 0. */
+        FL_UNSET_EMBED(result);
+
+        ARY_SET_PTR(result, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
         ARY_SET_LEN(result, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
         rb_ary_set_shared(result, shared);
 
@@ -1357,9 +1215,10 @@ ary_make_partial(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len)
         ARY_SET_LEN(result, len);
 
         ary_verify(shared);
-        ary_verify(result);
-        return result;
     }
+
+    ary_verify(result);
+    return result;
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1370,12 +1229,13 @@ ary_make_partial_step(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len, long step)
     assert(offset+len <= RARRAY_LEN(ary));
     assert(step != 0);
 
-    const VALUE *values = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
     const long orig_len = len;
 
     if (step > 0 && step >= len) {
         VALUE result = ary_new(klass, 1);
         VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(result);
+        const VALUE *values = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
+
         RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, ptr, values[offset]);
         ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, 1);
         return result;
@@ -1385,7 +1245,7 @@ ary_make_partial_step(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len, long step)
     }
 
     long ustep = (step < 0) ? -step : step;
-    len = (len + ustep - 1) / ustep;
+    len = roomof(len, ustep);
 
     long i;
     long j = offset + ((step > 0) ? 0 : (orig_len - 1));
@@ -1393,6 +1253,8 @@ ary_make_partial_step(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len, long step)
     VALUE result = ary_new(klass, len);
     if (ARY_EMBED_P(result)) {
         VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(result);
+        const VALUE *values = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
+
         for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
             RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, ptr+i, values[j]);
             j += step;
@@ -1400,7 +1262,9 @@ ary_make_partial_step(VALUE ary, VALUE klass, long offset, long len, long step)
         ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(result, len);
     }
     else {
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(result, ptr, {
+        const VALUE *values = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
+
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(result, ptr, {
             for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
                 RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, ptr+i, values[j]);
                 j += step;
@@ -1425,20 +1289,11 @@ enum ary_take_pos_flags
 };
 
 static VALUE
-ary_take_first_or_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary, enum ary_take_pos_flags last)
+ary_take_first_or_last_n(VALUE ary, long n, enum ary_take_pos_flags last)
 {
-    long n;
-    long len;
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     long offset = 0;
 
-    argc = rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
-    /* the case optional argument is omitted should be handled in
-     * callers of this function.  if another arity case is added,
-     * this arity check needs to rewrite. */
-    RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(argc == 1);
-
-    n = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
-    len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     if (n > len) {
         n = len;
     }
@@ -1451,6 +1306,17 @@ ary_take_first_or_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary, enum ary_take_pos
     return ary_make_partial(ary, rb_cArray, offset, n);
 }
 
+static VALUE
+ary_take_first_or_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary, enum ary_take_pos_flags last)
+{
+    argc = rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    /* the case optional argument is omitted should be handled in
+     * callers of this function.  if another arity case is added,
+     * this arity check needs to rewrite. */
+    RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(argc == 1);
+    return ary_take_first_or_last_n(ary, NUM2LONG(argv[0]), last);
+}
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    array << object -> self
@@ -1473,7 +1339,7 @@ rb_ary_push(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
 {
     long idx = RARRAY_LEN((ary_verify(ary), ary));
     VALUE target_ary = ary_ensure_room_for_push(ary, 1);
-    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
         RB_OBJ_WRITE(target_ary, &ptr[idx], item);
     });
     ARY_SET_LEN(ary, idx + 1);
@@ -1508,8 +1374,6 @@ rb_ary_cat(VALUE ary, const VALUE *argv, long len)
  *    a1 = a.push([:baz, :bat], [:bam, :bad])
  *    a1 # => [:foo, "bar", 2, [:baz, :bat], [:bam, :bad]]
  *
- *  Array#append is an alias for Array#push.
- *
  *  Related: #pop, #shift, #unshift.
  */
 
@@ -1554,7 +1418,7 @@ rb_ary_pop(VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if the array is empty.
  *
- *  When a non-negative \Integer argument +n+ is given and is in range,
+ *  When a non-negative Integer argument +n+ is given and is in range,
  *
  *  removes and returns the last +n+ elements in a new \Array:
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -1618,7 +1482,7 @@ rb_ary_shift(VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if +self+ is empty.
  *
- *  When positive \Integer argument +n+ is given, removes the first +n+ elements;
+ *  When positive Integer argument +n+ is given, removes the first +n+ elements;
  *  returns those elements in a new \Array:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -1654,7 +1518,7 @@ rb_ary_shift_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     return result;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ary_behead(VALUE ary, long n)
 {
     if (n <= 0) {
@@ -1665,7 +1529,7 @@ rb_ary_behead(VALUE ary, long n)
 
     if (!ARY_SHARED_P(ary)) {
         if (ARY_EMBED_P(ary) || RARRAY_LEN(ary) < ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
                 MEMMOVE(ptr, ptr + n, VALUE, RARRAY_LEN(ary) - n);
             }); /* WB: no new reference */
             ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, -n);
@@ -1726,12 +1590,12 @@ ary_modify_for_unshift(VALUE ary, int argc)
         capa = ARY_CAPA(ary);
         ary_make_shared(ary);
 
-        head = sharedp = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        head = sharedp = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
         return make_room_for_unshift(ary, head, (void *)sharedp, argc, capa, len);
     }
     else {
         /* sliding items */
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
             MEMMOVE(ptr + argc, ptr, VALUE, len);
         });
 
@@ -1763,8 +1627,8 @@ ary_ensure_room_for_unshift(VALUE ary, int argc)
             return ary_modify_for_unshift(ary, argc);
         }
         else {
-            const VALUE * head = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
-            void *sharedp = (void *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(shared_root);
+            const VALUE * head = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
+            void *sharedp = (void *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(shared_root);
 
             rb_ary_modify_check(ary);
             return make_room_for_unshift(ary, head, sharedp, argc, capa, len);
@@ -1781,12 +1645,10 @@ ary_ensure_room_for_unshift(VALUE ary, int argc)
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a.unshift(:bam, :bat) # => [:bam, :bat, :foo, "bar", 2]
  *
- *  Array#prepend is an alias for Array#unshift.
- *
  *  Related: #push, #pop, #shift.
  */
 
-static VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ary_unshift_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
@@ -1806,7 +1668,7 @@ rb_ary_unshift_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 VALUE
 rb_ary_unshift(VALUE ary, VALUE item)
 {
-    return rb_ary_unshift_m(1,&item,ary);
+    return rb_ary_unshift_m(1, &item, ary);
 }
 
 /* faster version - use this if you don't need to treat negative offset */
@@ -1870,7 +1732,7 @@ static VALUE rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e);
  *
  *  Returns elements from +self+; does not modify +self+.
  *
- *  When a single \Integer argument +index+ is given, returns the element at offset +index+:
+ *  When a single Integer argument +index+ is given, returns the element at offset +index+:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a[0] # => :foo
@@ -1885,7 +1747,7 @@ static VALUE rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e);
  *
  *  If +index+ is out of range, returns +nil+.
  *
- *  When two \Integer arguments +start+ and +length+ are given,
+ *  When two Integer arguments +start+ and +length+ are given,
  *  returns a new \Array of size +length+ containing successive elements beginning at offset +start+:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -1905,7 +1767,7 @@ static VALUE rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e);
  *
  *  If +length+ is negative, returns +nil+.
  *
- *  When a single \Range argument +range+ is given,
+ *  When a single Range argument +range+ is given,
  *  treats <tt>range.min</tt> as +start+ above
  *  and <tt>range.size</tt> as +length+ above:
  *
@@ -1959,7 +1821,6 @@ static VALUE rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e);
  *    # Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of Symbol into Integer):
  *    a[:foo]
  *
- *  Array#slice is an alias for Array#[].
  */
 
 VALUE
@@ -1983,7 +1844,7 @@ rb_ary_aref2(VALUE ary, VALUE b, VALUE e)
     return rb_ary_subseq(ary, beg, len);
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ary_aref1(VALUE ary, VALUE arg)
 {
     long beg, len, step;
@@ -2009,7 +1870,7 @@ rb_ary_aref1(VALUE ary, VALUE arg)
  *  call-seq:
  *    array.at(index) -> object
  *
- *  Returns the element at \Integer offset +index+; does not modify +self+.
+ *  Returns the element at Integer offset +index+; does not modify +self+.
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a.at(0) # => :foo
  *    a.at(2) # => 2
@@ -2022,39 +1883,7 @@ rb_ary_at(VALUE ary, VALUE pos)
     return rb_ary_entry(ary, NUM2LONG(pos));
 }
 
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *    array.first -> object or nil
- *    array.first(n) -> new_array
- *
- *  Returns elements from +self+; does not modify +self+.
- *
- *  When no argument is given, returns the first element:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.first # => :foo
- *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
- *
- *  If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
- *
- *  When non-negative \Integer argument +n+ is given,
- *  returns the first +n+ elements in a new \Array:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.first(2) # => [:foo, "bar"]
- *
- *  If <tt>n >= array.size</tt>, returns all elements:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.first(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
- *
- *  If <tt>n == 0</tt> returns an new empty \Array:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.first(0) # []
- *
- *  Related: #last.
- */
+#if 0
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_first(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
@@ -2066,48 +1895,26 @@ rb_ary_first(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
         return ary_take_first_or_last(argc, argv, ary, ARY_TAKE_FIRST);
     }
 }
+#endif
 
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *    array.last  -> object or nil
- *    array.last(n) -> new_array
- *
- *  Returns elements from +self+; +self+ is not modified.
- *
- *  When no argument is given, returns the last element:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.last # => 2
- *    a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
- *
- *  If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
- *
- *  When non-negative \Innteger argument +n+ is given,
- *  returns the last +n+ elements in a new \Array:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.last(2) # => ["bar", 2]
- *
- *  If <tt>n >= array.size</tt>, returns all elements:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.last(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
- *
- *  If <tt>n == 0</tt>, returns an new empty \Array:
- *
- *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
- *    a.last(0) # []
- *
- *  Related: #first.
- */
+static VALUE
+ary_first(VALUE self)
+{
+    return (RARRAY_LEN(self) == 0) ? Qnil : RARRAY_AREF(self, 0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ary_last(VALUE self)
+{
+    long len = RARRAY_LEN(self);
+    return (len == 0) ? Qnil : RARRAY_AREF(self, len-1);
+}
 
 VALUE
-rb_ary_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
+rb_ary_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary) // used by parse.y
 {
     if (argc == 0) {
-        long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
-        if (len == 0) return Qnil;
-        return RARRAY_AREF(ary, len-1);
+        return ary_last(ary);
     }
     else {
         return ary_take_first_or_last(argc, argv, ary, ARY_TAKE_LAST);
@@ -2122,7 +1929,7 @@ rb_ary_last(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns the element at offset  +index+.
  *
- *  With the single \Integer argument +index+,
+ *  With the single Integer argument +index+,
  *  returns the element at offset +index+:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -2212,8 +2019,6 @@ rb_ary_fetch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *    e # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:index>
  *    e.each {|element| element == 'bar' } # => 1
  *
- *  Array#find_index is an alias for Array#index.
- *
  *  Related: #rindex.
  */
 
@@ -2268,7 +2073,7 @@ rb_ary_index(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if the block never returns a truthy value.
  *
- *  When neither an argument nor a block is given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  When neither an argument nor a block is given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
  *    e = a.rindex
@@ -2340,7 +2145,7 @@ rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, const VALUE *rptr, long rlen)
     }
 
     {
-        const VALUE *optr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        const VALUE *optr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
         rofs = (rptr >= optr && rptr < optr + olen) ? rptr - optr : -1;
     }
 
@@ -2353,7 +2158,7 @@ rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, const VALUE *rptr, long rlen)
         len = beg + rlen;
         ary_mem_clear(ary, olen, beg - olen);
         if (rlen > 0) {
-            if (rofs != -1) rptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) + rofs;
+            if (rofs != -1) rptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary) + rofs;
             ary_memcpy0(ary, beg, rlen, rptr, target_ary);
         }
         ARY_SET_LEN(ary, len);
@@ -2371,20 +2176,25 @@ rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, const VALUE *rptr, long rlen)
         }
 
         if (len != rlen) {
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr,
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr,
                                      MEMMOVE(ptr + beg + rlen, ptr + beg + len,
                                              VALUE, olen - (beg + len)));
             ARY_SET_LEN(ary, alen);
         }
         if (rlen > 0) {
-            if (rofs != -1) rptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary) + rofs;
-            /* give up wb-protected ary */
-            RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT_FOR(ARRAY, ary);
+            if (rofs == -1) {
+                rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(ary);
+            }
+            else {
+                /* In this case, we're copying from a region in this array, so
+                 * we don't need to fire the write barrier. */
+                rptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary) + rofs;
+            }
 
             /* do not use RARRAY_PTR() because it can causes GC.
              * ary can contain T_NONE object because it is not cleared.
              */
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr,
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr,
                                      MEMMOVE(ptr + beg, rptr, VALUE, rlen));
         }
     }
@@ -2429,9 +2239,8 @@ rb_ary_resize(VALUE ary, long len)
     else if (len <= ary_embed_capa(ary)) {
         const VALUE *ptr = ARY_HEAP_PTR(ary);
         long ptr_capa = ARY_HEAP_SIZE(ary);
-        bool is_malloc_ptr = !ARY_SHARED_P(ary) && !RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(ary);
+        bool is_malloc_ptr = !ARY_SHARED_P(ary);
 
-        FL_UNSET(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
         FL_SET_EMBED(ary);
 
         MEMCPY((VALUE *)ARY_EMBED_PTR(ary), ptr, VALUE, len); /* WB: no new reference */
@@ -2461,7 +2270,7 @@ static VALUE
 ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, VALUE val)
 {
     VALUE rpl = rb_ary_to_ary(val);
-    rb_ary_splice(ary, beg, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(rpl), RARRAY_LEN(rpl));
+    rb_ary_splice(ary, beg, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(rpl), RARRAY_LEN(rpl));
     RB_GC_GUARD(rpl);
     return val;
 }
@@ -2474,7 +2283,7 @@ ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, VALUE val)
  *
  *  Assigns elements in +self+; returns the given +object+.
  *
- *  When \Integer argument +index+ is given, assigns +object+ to an element in +self+.
+ *  When Integer argument +index+ is given, assigns +object+ to an element in +self+.
  *
  *  If +index+ is non-negative, assigns +object+ the element at offset +index+:
  *
@@ -2494,7 +2303,7 @@ ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, VALUE val)
  *    a[-1] = 'two' # => "two"
  *    a # => [:foo, "bar", "two"]
  *
- *  When \Integer arguments +start+ and +length+ are given and +object+ is not an \Array,
+ *  When Integer arguments +start+ and +length+ are given and +object+ is not an \Array,
  *  removes <tt>length - 1</tt> elements beginning at offset +start+,
  *  and assigns +object+ at offset +start+:
  *
@@ -2529,7 +2338,7 @@ ary_aset_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long beg, long len, VALUE val)
  *    a[1, 5] = 'foo' # => "foo"
  *    a # => [:foo, "foo"]
  *
- *  When \Range argument +range+ is given and +object+ is an \Array,
+ *  When Range argument +range+ is given and +object+ is an \Array,
  *  removes <tt>length - 1</tt> elements beginning at offset +start+,
  *  and assigns +object+ at offset +start+:
  *
@@ -2609,7 +2418,7 @@ rb_ary_aset(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *  call-seq:
  *    array.insert(index, *objects) -> self
  *
- *  Inserts given +objects+ before or after the element at \Integer index +offset+;
+ *  Inserts given +objects+ before or after the element at Integer index +offset+;
  *  returns +self+.
  *
  *  When +index+ is non-negative, inserts all given +objects+
@@ -2703,7 +2512,7 @@ ary_enum_length(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *    foo
  *    bar
  *
- *  When no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  When no block given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *
  *    e = a.each
@@ -2760,7 +2569,7 @@ rb_ary_each(VALUE ary)
  *    0
  *    1
  *
- *  When no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  When no block given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    e = a.each_index
@@ -2817,7 +2626,7 @@ rb_ary_each_index(VALUE ary)
  *    2
  *    bar
  *
- *  When no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  When no block given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    e = a.reverse_each
@@ -2884,7 +2693,7 @@ rb_ary_dup(VALUE ary)
 {
     long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     VALUE dup = rb_ary_new2(len);
-    ary_memcpy(dup, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+    ary_memcpy(dup, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
     ARY_SET_LEN(dup, len);
 
     ary_verify(ary);
@@ -3037,7 +2846,7 @@ rb_ary_join(VALUE ary, VALUE sep)
  *    array.join ->new_string
  *    array.join(separator = $,) -> new_string
  *
- *  Returns the new \String formed by joining the array elements after conversion.
+ *  Returns the new String formed by joining the array elements after conversion.
  *  For each element +element+:
  *
  *  - Uses <tt>element.to_s</tt> if +element+ is not a <tt>kind_of?(Array)</tt>.
@@ -3097,13 +2906,12 @@ inspect_ary(VALUE ary, VALUE dummy, int recur)
  *  call-seq:
  *    array.inspect -> new_string
  *
- *  Returns the new \String formed by calling method <tt>#inspect</tt>
+ *  Returns the new String formed by calling method <tt>#inspect</tt>
  *  on each array element:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a.inspect # => "[:foo, \"bar\", 2]"
  *
- *  Array#to_s is an alias for Array#inspect.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3156,18 +2964,18 @@ rb_ary_to_a(VALUE ary)
  *    array.to_h -> new_hash
  *    array.to_h {|item| ... } -> new_hash
  *
- *  Returns a new \Hash formed from +self+.
+ *  Returns a new Hash formed from +self+.
  *
  *  When a block is given, calls the block with each array element;
  *  the block must return a 2-element \Array whose two elements
- *  form a key-value pair in the returned \Hash:
+ *  form a key-value pair in the returned Hash:
  *
  *    a = ['foo', :bar, 1, [2, 3], {baz: 4}]
  *    h = a.to_h {|item| [item, item] }
  *    h # => {"foo"=>"foo", :bar=>:bar, 1=>1, [2, 3]=>[2, 3], {:baz=>4}=>{:baz=>4}}
  *
  *  When no block is given, +self+ must be an \Array of 2-element sub-arrays,
- *  each sub-array is formed into a key-value pair in the new \Hash:
+ *  each sub-array is formed into a key-value pair in the new Hash:
  *
  *    [].to_h # => {}
  *    a = [['foo', 'zero'], ['bar', 'one'], ['baz', 'two']]
@@ -3231,7 +3039,7 @@ rb_ary_reverse(VALUE ary)
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
     if (len > 1) {
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, p1, {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, p1, {
             p2 = p1 + len - 1;	/* points last item */
             ary_reverse(p1, p2);
         }); /* WB: no new reference */
@@ -3275,8 +3083,8 @@ rb_ary_reverse_m(VALUE ary)
     VALUE dup = rb_ary_new2(len);
 
     if (len > 0) {
-        const VALUE *p1 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
-        VALUE *p2 = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(dup) + len - 1;
+        const VALUE *p1 = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
+        VALUE *p2 = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(dup) + len - 1;
         do *p2-- = *p1++; while (--len > 0);
     }
     ARY_SET_LEN(dup, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
@@ -3318,7 +3126,7 @@ rb_ary_rotate(VALUE ary, long cnt)
     if (cnt != 0) {
         long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
         if (len > 1 && (cnt = rotate_count(cnt, len)) > 0) {
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, ary_rotate_ptr(ptr, len, cnt));
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, ary_rotate_ptr(ptr, len, cnt));
             return ary;
         }
     }
@@ -3337,7 +3145,7 @@ rb_ary_rotate(VALUE ary, long cnt)
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bar']
  *    a.rotate! # => ["bar", 2, "bar", :foo]
  *
- *  When given a non-negative \Integer +count+,
+ *  When given a non-negative Integer +count+,
  *  rotates +count+ elements from the beginning to the end:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -3394,7 +3202,7 @@ rb_ary_rotate_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *    a1 = a.rotate
  *    a1 # => ["bar", 2, "bar", :foo]
  *
- *  When given a non-negative \Integer +count+,
+ *  When given a non-negative Integer +count+,
  *  returns a new \Array with +count+ elements rotated from the beginning to the end:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -3413,7 +3221,7 @@ rb_ary_rotate_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *    a1 = a.rotate(0)
  *    a1 # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
  *
- *  When given a negative \Integer +count+, rotates in the opposite direction,
+ *  When given a negative Integer +count+, rotates in the opposite direction,
  *  from end to beginning:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -3440,7 +3248,7 @@ rb_ary_rotate_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     rotated = rb_ary_new2(len);
     if (len > 0) {
         cnt = rotate_count(cnt, len);
-        ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+        ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
         len -= cnt;
         ary_memcpy(rotated, 0, len, ptr + cnt);
         ary_memcpy(rotated, len, cnt, ptr);
@@ -3452,7 +3260,6 @@ rb_ary_rotate_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 struct ary_sort_data {
     VALUE ary;
     VALUE receiver;
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3498,15 +3305,15 @@ sort_2(const void *ap, const void *bp, void *dummy)
     VALUE a = *(const VALUE *)ap, b = *(const VALUE *)bp;
     int n;
 
-    if (FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data->cmp_opt, Integer)) {
+    if (FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) {
         if ((long)a > (long)b) return 1;
         if ((long)a < (long)b) return -1;
         return 0;
     }
-    if (STRING_P(a) && STRING_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data->cmp_opt, String)) {
+    if (STRING_P(a) && STRING_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) {
         return rb_str_cmp(a, b);
     }
-    if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data->cmp_opt, Float)) {
+    if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) {
         return rb_float_cmp(a, b);
     }
 
@@ -3570,8 +3377,6 @@ rb_ary_sort_bang(VALUE ary)
         RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(tmp);
         data.ary = tmp;
         data.receiver = ary;
-        data.cmp_opt.opt_methods = 0;
-        data.cmp_opt.opt_inited = 0;
         RARRAY_PTR_USE(tmp, ptr, {
             ruby_qsort(ptr, len, sizeof(VALUE),
                        rb_block_given_p()?sort_1:sort_2, &data);
@@ -3728,8 +3533,8 @@ rb_ary_bsearch_index(VALUE ary)
             const VALUE zero = INT2FIX(0);
             switch (rb_cmpint(rb_funcallv(v, id_cmp, 1, &zero), v, zero)) {
               case 0: return INT2FIX(mid);
-              case 1: smaller = 1; break;
-              case -1: smaller = 0;
+              case 1: smaller = 0; break;
+              case -1: smaller = 1;
             }
         }
         else {
@@ -3774,7 +3579,7 @@ sort_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, dummy))
  *    a.sort_by! {|element| element.size }
  *    a # => ["d", "cc", "bbb", "aaaa"]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = ['aaaa', 'bbb', 'cc', 'd']
  *    a.sort_by! # => #<Enumerator: ["aaaa", "bbb", "cc", "d"]:sort_by!>
@@ -3806,12 +3611,11 @@ rb_ary_sort_by_bang(VALUE ary)
  *    a1 = a.map {|element| element.class }
  *    a1 # => [Symbol, String, Integer]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a1 = a.map
  *    a1 # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:map>
  *
- *  Array#collect is an alias for Array#map.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3840,13 +3644,12 @@ rb_ary_collect(VALUE ary)
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a.map! { |element| element.class } # => [Symbol, String, Integer]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a1 = a.map!
  *    a1 # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:map!>
  *
- *  Array#collect! is an alias for Array#map!.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3898,7 +3701,7 @@ append_values_at_single(VALUE result, VALUE ary, long olen, VALUE idx)
     /* check if idx is Range */
     else if (rb_range_beg_len(idx, &beg, &len, olen, 1)) {
         if (len > 0) {
-            const VALUE *const src = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+            const VALUE *const src = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
             const long end = beg + len;
             const long prevlen = RARRAY_LEN(result);
             if (beg < olen) {
@@ -3921,7 +3724,7 @@ append_values_at_single(VALUE result, VALUE ary, long olen, VALUE idx)
  *    array.values_at(*indexes) -> new_array
  *
  *  Returns a new \Array whose elements are the elements
- *  of +self+ at the given \Integer or \Range +indexes+.
+ *  of +self+ at the given Integer or Range +indexes+.
  *
  *  For each positive +index+, returns the element at offset +index+:
  *
@@ -3985,12 +3788,11 @@ rb_ary_values_at(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *    a1 = a.select {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') }
  *    a1 # => ["bar", :bam]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
  *    a.select # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, :bam]:select>
  *
- *  Array#filter is an alias for Array#select.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -4045,7 +3847,7 @@ select_bang_ensure(VALUE a)
         rb_ary_modify(ary);
         if (i1 < len) {
             tail = len - i1;
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
                     MEMMOVE(ptr + i2, ptr + i1, VALUE, tail);
                 });
         }
@@ -4069,12 +3871,11 @@ select_bang_ensure(VALUE a)
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if no elements were removed.
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
  *    a.select! # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, :bam]:select!>
  *
- *  Array#filter! is an alias for Array#select!.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -4101,7 +3902,7 @@ rb_ary_select_bang(VALUE ary)
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
  *    a.keep_if {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') } # => ["bar", :bam]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, :bam]
  *    a.keep_if # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2, :bam]:keep_if>
@@ -4233,7 +4034,7 @@ rb_ary_delete_at(VALUE ary, long pos)
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
     del = RARRAY_AREF(ary, pos);
-    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr, {
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr, {
         MEMMOVE(ptr+pos, ptr+pos+1, VALUE, len-pos-1);
     });
     ARY_INCREASE_LEN(ary, -1);
@@ -4245,7 +4046,7 @@ rb_ary_delete_at(VALUE ary, long pos)
  *  call-seq:
  *    array.delete_at(index) -> deleted_object or nil
  *
- *  Deletes an element from +self+, per the given \Integer +index+.
+ *  Deletes an element from +self+, per the given Integer +index+.
  *
  *  When +index+ is non-negative, deletes the element at offset +index+:
  *
@@ -4294,7 +4095,7 @@ ary_slice_bang_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long pos, long len)
         return rb_ary_new2(0);
     }
     else {
-        VALUE arg2 = rb_ary_new4(len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)+pos);
+        VALUE arg2 = rb_ary_new4(len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary)+pos);
         rb_ary_splice(ary, pos, len, 0, 0);
         return arg2;
     }
@@ -4308,7 +4109,7 @@ ary_slice_bang_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long pos, long len)
  *
  *  Removes and returns elements from +self+.
  *
- *  When the only argument is an \Integer +n+,
+ *  When the only argument is an Integer +n+,
  *  removes and returns the _nth_ element in +self+:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -4343,7 +4144,7 @@ ary_slice_bang_by_rb_ary_splice(VALUE ary, long pos, long len)
  *
  *  If +length+ is negative, returns +nil+.
  *
- *  When the only argument is a \Range object +range+,
+ *  When the only argument is a Range object +range+,
  *  treats <tt>range.min</tt> as +start+ above and <tt>range.size</tt> as +length+ above:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
@@ -4459,7 +4260,7 @@ ary_reject_bang(VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if no elements removed.
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a.reject! # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:reject!>
@@ -4486,7 +4287,7 @@ rb_ary_reject_bang(VALUE ary)
  *    a1 = a.reject {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') }
  *    a1 # => [:foo, 2]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *     a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *     a.reject # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:reject>
@@ -4515,12 +4316,12 @@ rb_ary_reject(VALUE ary)
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2, 'bat']
  *    a.delete_if {|element| element.to_s.start_with?('b') } # => [:foo, 2]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
  *    a.delete_if # => #<Enumerator: [:foo, "bar", 2]:delete_if>
  *
-3 */
+ */
 
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_delete_if(VALUE ary)
@@ -4551,7 +4352,7 @@ take_items(VALUE obj, long n)
     if (!NIL_P(result)) return rb_ary_subseq(result, 0, n);
     result = rb_ary_new2(n);
     args[0] = result; args[1] = (VALUE)n;
-    if (rb_check_block_call(obj, idEach, 0, 0, take_i, (VALUE)args) == Qundef)
+    if (UNDEF_P(rb_check_block_call(obj, idEach, 0, 0, take_i, (VALUE)args)))
         rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type %"PRIsVALUE" (must respond to :each)",
                  rb_obj_class(obj));
     return result;
@@ -4735,15 +4536,14 @@ rb_ary_replace(VALUE copy, VALUE orig)
     /* orig has enough space to embed the contents of orig. */
     if (RARRAY_LEN(orig) <= ary_embed_capa(copy)) {
         assert(ARY_EMBED_P(copy));
-        ary_memcpy(copy, 0, RARRAY_LEN(orig), RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(orig));
+        ary_memcpy(copy, 0, RARRAY_LEN(orig), RARRAY_CONST_PTR(orig));
         ARY_SET_EMBED_LEN(copy, RARRAY_LEN(orig));
     }
-#if USE_RVARGC
     /* orig is embedded but copy does not have enough space to embed the
      * contents of orig. */
     else if (ARY_EMBED_P(orig)) {
         long len = ARY_EMBED_LEN(orig);
-        VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(copy, len);
+        VALUE *ptr = ary_heap_alloc(len);
 
         FL_UNSET_EMBED(copy);
         ARY_SET_PTR(copy, ptr);
@@ -4752,9 +4552,8 @@ rb_ary_replace(VALUE copy, VALUE orig)
 
         // No allocation and exception expected that could leave `copy` in a
         // bad state from the edits above.
-        ary_memcpy(copy, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(orig));
+        ary_memcpy(copy, 0, len, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(orig));
     }
-#endif
     /* Otherwise, orig is on heap and copy does not have enough space to embed
      * the contents of orig. */
     else {
@@ -4819,7 +4618,7 @@ rb_ary_clear(VALUE ary)
  *    a # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
  *    a.fill(:X) # => [:X, :X, :X, :X]
  *
- *  With arguments +obj+ and \Integer +start+, and no block given,
+ *  With arguments +obj+ and Integer +start+, and no block given,
  *  replaces elements based on the given start.
  *
  *  If +start+ is in range (<tt>0 <= start < array.size</tt>),
@@ -4847,7 +4646,7 @@ rb_ary_clear(VALUE ary)
  *    a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
  *    a.fill(:X, -50) # => [:X, :X, :X, :X]
  *
- *  With arguments +obj+, \Integer +start+, and \Integer +length+, and no block given,
+ *  With arguments +obj+, Integer +start+, and Integer +length+, and no block given,
  *  replaces elements based on the given +start+ and +length+.
  *
  *  If +start+ is in range, replaces +length+ elements beginning at offset +start+:
@@ -4873,7 +4672,7 @@ rb_ary_clear(VALUE ary)
  *    a.fill(:X, 1, 0) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
  *    a.fill(:X, 1, -1) # => ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
  *
- *  With arguments +obj+ and \Range +range+, and no block given,
+ *  With arguments +obj+ and Range +range+, and no block given,
  *  replaces elements based on the given range.
  *
  *  If the range is positive and ascending (<tt>0 < range.begin <= range.end</tt>),
@@ -5044,7 +4843,7 @@ rb_ary_fill(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
         ARY_SET_LEN(ary, end);
     }
 
-    if (item == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(item)) {
         VALUE v;
         long i;
 
@@ -5085,8 +4884,8 @@ rb_ary_plus(VALUE x, VALUE y)
     len = xlen + ylen;
     z = rb_ary_new2(len);
 
-    ary_memcpy(z, 0, xlen, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(x));
-    ary_memcpy(z, xlen, ylen, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(y));
+    ary_memcpy(z, 0, xlen, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(x));
+    ary_memcpy(z, xlen, ylen, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(y));
     ARY_SET_LEN(z, len);
     return z;
 }
@@ -5096,7 +4895,7 @@ ary_append(VALUE x, VALUE y)
 {
     long n = RARRAY_LEN(y);
     if (n > 0) {
-        rb_ary_splice(x, RARRAY_LEN(x), 0, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(y), n);
+        rb_ary_splice(x, RARRAY_LEN(x), 0, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(y), n);
     }
     RB_GC_GUARD(y);
     return x;
@@ -5144,13 +4943,13 @@ rb_ary_concat(VALUE x, VALUE y)
  *    array * n -> new_array
  *    array * string_separator -> new_string
  *
- *  When non-negative argument \Integer +n+ is given,
+ *  When non-negative argument Integer +n+ is given,
  *  returns a new \Array built by concatenating the +n+ copies of +self+:
  *
  *    a = ['x', 'y']
  *    a * 3 # => ["x", "y", "x", "y", "x", "y"]
  *
- *  When \String argument +string_separator+ is given,
+ *  When String argument +string_separator+ is given,
  *  equivalent to <tt>array.join(string_separator)</tt>:
  *
  *    [0, [0, 1], {foo: 0}] * ', ' # => "0, 0, 1, {:foo=>0}"
@@ -5185,16 +4984,16 @@ rb_ary_times(VALUE ary, VALUE times)
     ary2 = ary_new(rb_cArray, len);
     ARY_SET_LEN(ary2, len);
 
-    ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
     t = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     if (0 < t) {
         ary_memcpy(ary2, 0, t, ptr);
         while (t <= len/2) {
-            ary_memcpy(ary2, t, t, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2));
+            ary_memcpy(ary2, t, t, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary2));
             t *= 2;
         }
         if (t < len) {
-            ary_memcpy(ary2, t, len-t, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2));
+            ary_memcpy(ary2, t, len-t, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary2));
         }
     }
   out:
@@ -5253,7 +5052,7 @@ rb_ary_rassoc(VALUE ary, VALUE value)
     VALUE v;
 
     for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); ++i) {
-        v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
+        v = rb_check_array_type(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
         if (RB_TYPE_P(v, T_ARRAY) &&
             RARRAY_LEN(v) > 1 &&
             rb_equal(RARRAY_AREF(v, 1), value))
@@ -5325,7 +5124,7 @@ rb_ary_equal(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
         return rb_equal(ary2, ary1);
     }
     if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) != RARRAY_LEN(ary2)) return Qfalse;
-    if (RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary1) == RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2)) return Qtrue;
+    if (RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary1) == RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary2)) return Qtrue;
     return rb_exec_recursive_paired(recursive_equal, ary1, ary2, ary2);
 }
 
@@ -5365,10 +5164,27 @@ rb_ary_eql(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
     if (ary1 == ary2) return Qtrue;
     if (!RB_TYPE_P(ary2, T_ARRAY)) return Qfalse;
     if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) != RARRAY_LEN(ary2)) return Qfalse;
-    if (RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary1) == RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary2)) return Qtrue;
+    if (RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary1) == RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary2)) return Qtrue;
     return rb_exec_recursive_paired(recursive_eql, ary1, ary2, ary2);
 }
 
+VALUE
+rb_ary_hash_values(long len, const VALUE *elements)
+{
+    long i;
+    st_index_t h;
+    VALUE n;
+
+    h = rb_hash_start(len);
+    h = rb_hash_uint(h, (st_index_t)rb_ary_hash_values);
+    for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
+        n = rb_hash(elements[i]);
+        h = rb_hash_uint(h, NUM2LONG(n));
+    }
+    h = rb_hash_end(h);
+    return ST2FIX(h);
+}
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    array.hash -> integer
@@ -5385,18 +5201,7 @@ rb_ary_eql(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_hash(VALUE ary)
 {
-    long i;
-    st_index_t h;
-    VALUE n;
-
-    h = rb_hash_start(RARRAY_LEN(ary));
-    h = rb_hash_uint(h, (st_index_t)rb_ary_hash);
-    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
-        n = rb_hash(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
-        h = rb_hash_uint(h, NUM2LONG(n));
-    }
-    h = rb_hash_end(h);
-    return ST2FIX(h);
+    return rb_ary_hash_values(RARRAY_LEN(ary), RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5501,7 +5306,7 @@ rb_ary_cmp(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
     if (NIL_P(ary2)) return Qnil;
     if (ary1 == ary2) return INT2FIX(0);
     v = rb_exec_recursive_paired(recursive_cmp, ary1, ary2, ary2);
-    if (v != Qundef) return v;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(v)) return v;
     len = RARRAY_LEN(ary1) - RARRAY_LEN(ary2);
     if (len == 0) return INT2FIX(0);
     if (len > 0) return INT2FIX(1);
@@ -5556,17 +5361,6 @@ ary_make_hash_by(VALUE ary)
     return ary_add_hash_by(hash, ary);
 }
 
-static inline void
-ary_recycle_hash(VALUE hash)
-{
-    assert(RBASIC_CLASS(hash) == 0);
-    if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
-        st_table *tbl = RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
-        st_free_table(tbl);
-        RHASH_ST_CLEAR(hash);
-    }
-}
-
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    array - other_array -> new_array
@@ -5583,7 +5377,7 @@ ary_recycle_hash(VALUE hash)
  *  Related: Array#difference.
  */
 
-static VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ary_diff(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
 {
     VALUE ary3;
@@ -5608,7 +5402,7 @@ rb_ary_diff(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
         if (rb_hash_stlike_lookup(hash, RARRAY_AREF(ary1, i), NULL)) continue;
         rb_ary_push(ary3, rb_ary_elt(ary1, i));
     }
-    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
+
     return ary3;
 }
 
@@ -5671,7 +5465,8 @@ rb_ary_difference_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *    array & other_array -> new_array
  *
  *  Returns a new \Array containing each element found in both +array+ and \Array +other_array+;
- *  duplicates are omitted; items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>:
+ *  duplicates are omitted; items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>
+ *  (items must also implement +hash+ correctly):
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2, 3] & [1, 2] # => [1, 2]
  *    [0, 1, 0, 1] & [0, 1] # => [0, 1]
@@ -5714,7 +5509,6 @@ rb_ary_and(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
             rb_ary_push(ary3, v);
         }
     }
-    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
 
     return ary3;
 }
@@ -5725,7 +5519,8 @@ rb_ary_and(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
  *
  *  Returns a new \Array containing each element found both in +self+
  *  and in all of the given Arrays +other_arrays+;
- *  duplicates are omitted; items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>:
+ *  duplicates are omitted; items are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>
+ *  (items must also implement +hash+ correctly):
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2, 3].intersection([0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3]) # => [0, 1]
  *    [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3].intersection([0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3]) # => [0, 1]
@@ -5801,11 +5596,11 @@ rb_ary_union_hash(VALUE hash, VALUE ary2)
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_or(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
 {
-    VALUE hash, ary3;
+    VALUE hash;
 
     ary2 = to_ary(ary2);
     if (RARRAY_LEN(ary1) + RARRAY_LEN(ary2) <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
-        ary3 = rb_ary_new();
+        VALUE ary3 = rb_ary_new();
         rb_ary_union(ary3, ary1);
         rb_ary_union(ary3, ary2);
         return ary3;
@@ -5814,9 +5609,7 @@ rb_ary_or(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
     hash = ary_make_hash(ary1);
     rb_ary_union_hash(hash, ary2);
 
-    ary3 = rb_hash_values(hash);
-    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
-    return ary3;
+    return rb_hash_values(hash);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5840,7 +5633,7 @@ rb_ary_union_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
     int i;
     long sum;
-    VALUE hash, ary_union;
+    VALUE hash;
 
     sum = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
     for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -5849,7 +5642,7 @@ rb_ary_union_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     }
 
     if (sum <= SMALL_ARRAY_LEN) {
-        ary_union = rb_ary_new();
+        VALUE ary_union = rb_ary_new();
 
         rb_ary_union(ary_union, ary);
         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) rb_ary_union(ary_union, argv[i]);
@@ -5860,9 +5653,7 @@ rb_ary_union_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     hash = ary_make_hash(ary);
     for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) rb_ary_union_hash(hash, argv[i]);
 
-    ary_union = rb_hash_values(hash);
-    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
-    return ary_union;
+    return rb_hash_values(hash);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5878,6 +5669,8 @@ rb_ary_union_multi(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *     a.intersect?(b)   #=> true
  *     a.intersect?(c)   #=> false
  *
+ *  Array elements are compared using <tt>eql?</tt>
+ *  (items must also implement +hash+ correctly).
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5916,7 +5709,6 @@ rb_ary_intersect_p(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2)
             break;
         }
     }
-    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
 
     return result;
 }
@@ -6023,20 +5815,20 @@ ary_max_opt_string(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmax)
  *  - A new \Array of maximum-valued elements selected from +self+.
  *
  *  When no block is given, each element in +self+ must respond to method <tt><=></tt>
- *  with an \Integer.
+ *  with an Integer.
  *
  *  With no argument and no block, returns the element in +self+
  *  having the maximum value per method <tt><=></tt>:
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2].max # => 2
  *
- *  With an argument \Integer +n+ and no block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
+ *  With an argument Integer +n+ and no block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
  *  in descending order per method <tt><=></tt>:
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2, 3].max(3) # => [3, 2, 1]
  *    [0, 1, 2, 3].max(6) # => [3, 2, 1, 0]
  *
- *  When a block is given, the block must return an \Integer.
+ *  When a block is given, the block must return an Integer.
  *
  *  With a block and no argument, calls the block <tt>self.size-1</tt> times to compare elements;
  *  returns the element having the maximum value per the block:
@@ -6052,7 +5844,6 @@ ary_max_opt_string(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmax)
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     VALUE result = Qundef, v;
     VALUE num;
     long i;
@@ -6064,7 +5855,7 @@ rb_ary_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
            v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
-           if (result == Qundef || rb_cmpint(rb_yield_values(2, v, result), v, result) > 0) {
+           if (UNDEF_P(result) || rb_cmpint(rb_yield_values(2, v, result), v, result) > 0) {
                result = v;
            }
         }
@@ -6072,13 +5863,13 @@ rb_ary_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     else if (n > 0) {
         result = RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
         if (n > 1) {
-            if (FIXNUM_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(cmp_opt, Integer)) {
+            if (FIXNUM_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) {
                 return ary_max_opt_fixnum(ary, 1, result);
             }
-            else if (STRING_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(cmp_opt, String)) {
+            else if (STRING_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) {
                 return ary_max_opt_string(ary, 1, result);
             }
-            else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(cmp_opt, Float)) {
+            else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) {
                 return ary_max_opt_float(ary, 1, result);
             }
             else {
@@ -6086,7 +5877,7 @@ rb_ary_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
             }
         }
     }
-    if (result == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qnil;
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -6192,14 +5983,14 @@ ary_min_opt_string(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmin)
  *  - A new \Array of minimum-valued elements selected from +self+.
  *
  *  When no block is given, each element in +self+ must respond to method <tt><=></tt>
- *  with an \Integer.
+ *  with an Integer.
  *
  *  With no argument and no block, returns the element in +self+
  *  having the minimum value per method <tt><=></tt>:
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2].min # => 0
  *
- *  With \Integer argument +n+ and no block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
+ *  With Integer argument +n+ and no block, returns a new \Array with at most +n+ elements,
  *  in ascending order per method <tt><=></tt>:
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2, 3].min(3) # => [0, 1, 2]
@@ -6221,7 +6012,6 @@ ary_min_opt_string(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE vmin)
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     VALUE result = Qundef, v;
     VALUE num;
     long i;
@@ -6233,7 +6023,7 @@ rb_ary_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
            v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
-           if (result == Qundef || rb_cmpint(rb_yield_values(2, v, result), v, result) < 0) {
+           if (UNDEF_P(result) || rb_cmpint(rb_yield_values(2, v, result), v, result) < 0) {
                result = v;
            }
         }
@@ -6241,13 +6031,13 @@ rb_ary_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     else if (n > 0) {
         result = RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
         if (n > 1) {
-            if (FIXNUM_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(cmp_opt, Integer)) {
+            if (FIXNUM_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) {
                 return ary_min_opt_fixnum(ary, 1, result);
             }
-            else if (STRING_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(cmp_opt, String)) {
+            else if (STRING_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) {
                 return ary_min_opt_string(ary, 1, result);
             }
-            else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(cmp_opt, Float)) {
+            else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(result) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) {
                 return ary_min_opt_float(ary, 1, result);
             }
             else {
@@ -6255,7 +6045,7 @@ rb_ary_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
             }
         }
     }
-    if (result == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qnil;
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -6268,13 +6058,13 @@ rb_ary_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *  from +self+, either per method <tt><=></tt> or per a given block:.
  *
  *  When no block is given, each element in +self+ must respond to method <tt><=></tt>
- *  with an \Integer;
+ *  with an Integer;
  *  returns a new 2-element \Array containing the minimum and maximum values
  *  from +self+, per method <tt><=></tt>:
  *
  *    [0, 1, 2].minmax # => [0, 2]
  *
- *  When a block is given, the block must return an \Integer;
+ *  When a block is given, the block must return an Integer;
  *  the block is called <tt>self.size-1</tt> times to compare elements;
  *  returns a new 2-element \Array containing the minimum and maximum values
  *  from +self+, per the block:
@@ -6353,7 +6143,6 @@ rb_ary_uniq_bang(VALUE ary)
     }
     ary_resize_capa(ary, hash_size);
     rb_hash_foreach(hash, push_value, ary);
-    ary_recycle_hash(hash);
 
     return ary;
 }
@@ -6398,9 +6187,6 @@ rb_ary_uniq(VALUE ary)
         hash = ary_make_hash(ary);
         uniq = rb_hash_values(hash);
     }
-    if (hash) {
-        ary_recycle_hash(hash);
-    }
 
     return uniq;
 }
@@ -6421,14 +6207,14 @@ rb_ary_compact_bang(VALUE ary)
     long n;
 
     rb_ary_modify(ary);
-    p = t = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary); /* WB: no new reference */
+    p = t = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary); /* WB: no new reference */
     end = p + RARRAY_LEN(ary);
 
     while (t < end) {
         if (NIL_P(*t)) t++;
         else *p++ = *t++;
     }
-    n = p - RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    n = p - RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
     if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == n) {
         return Qnil;
     }
@@ -6516,9 +6302,8 @@ static VALUE
 flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
 {
     long i;
-    VALUE stack, result, tmp = 0, elt, vmemo;
-    st_table *memo = 0;
-    st_data_t id;
+    VALUE stack, result, tmp = 0, elt;
+    VALUE memo = Qfalse;
 
     for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
         elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
@@ -6532,7 +6317,7 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
     }
 
     result = ary_new(0, RARRAY_LEN(ary));
-    ary_memcpy(result, 0, i, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary));
+    ary_memcpy(result, 0, i, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary));
     ARY_SET_LEN(result, i);
 
     stack = ary_new(0, ARY_DEFAULT_SIZE);
@@ -6540,12 +6325,9 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
     rb_ary_push(stack, LONG2NUM(i + 1));
 
     if (level < 0) {
-        vmemo = rb_hash_new();
-        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(vmemo);
-        memo = st_init_numtable();
-        rb_hash_st_table_set(vmemo, memo);
-        st_insert(memo, (st_data_t)ary, (st_data_t)Qtrue);
-        st_insert(memo, (st_data_t)tmp, (st_data_t)Qtrue);
+        memo = rb_obj_hide(rb_ident_hash_new());
+        rb_hash_aset(memo, ary, Qtrue);
+        rb_hash_aset(memo, tmp, Qtrue);
     }
 
     ary = tmp;
@@ -6560,9 +6342,8 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
             }
             tmp = rb_check_array_type(elt);
             if (RBASIC(result)->klass) {
-                if (memo) {
-                    RB_GC_GUARD(vmemo);
-                    st_clear(memo);
+                if (RTEST(memo)) {
+                    rb_hash_clear(memo);
                 }
                 rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "flatten reentered");
             }
@@ -6571,12 +6352,11 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
             }
             else {
                 if (memo) {
-                    id = (st_data_t)tmp;
-                    if (st_is_member(memo, id)) {
-                        st_clear(memo);
+                    if (rb_hash_aref(memo, tmp) == Qtrue) {
+                        rb_hash_clear(memo);
                         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "tried to flatten recursive array");
                     }
-                    st_insert(memo, id, (st_data_t)Qtrue);
+                    rb_hash_aset(memo, tmp, Qtrue);
                 }
                 rb_ary_push(stack, ary);
                 rb_ary_push(stack, LONG2NUM(i));
@@ -6588,8 +6368,7 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
             break;
         }
         if (memo) {
-            id = (st_data_t)ary;
-            st_delete(memo, &id, 0);
+            rb_hash_delete(memo, ary);
         }
         tmp = rb_ary_pop(stack);
         i = NUM2LONG(tmp);
@@ -6597,7 +6376,7 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
     }
 
     if (memo) {
-        st_clear(memo);
+        rb_hash_clear(memo);
     }
 
     RBASIC_SET_CLASS(result, rb_cArray);
@@ -6612,7 +6391,7 @@ flatten(VALUE ary, int level)
  *  Replaces each nested \Array in +self+ with the elements from that \Array;
  *  returns +self+ if any changes, +nil+ otherwise.
  *
- *  With non-negative \Integer argument +level+, flattens recursively through +level+ levels:
+ *  With non-negative Integer argument +level+, flattens recursively through +level+ levels:
  *
  *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
  *    a.flatten!(1) # => [0, 1, [2, 3], 4, 5]
@@ -6666,7 +6445,7 @@ rb_ary_flatten_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *  - Each non-Array element is unchanged.
  *  - Each \Array is replaced by its individual elements.
  *
- *  With non-negative \Integer argument +level+, flattens recursively through +level+ levels:
+ *  With non-negative Integer argument +level+, flattens recursively through +level+ levels:
  *
  *    a = [ 0, [ 1, [2, 3], 4 ], 5 ]
  *    a.flatten(0) # => [0, [1, [2, 3], 4], 5]
@@ -6722,7 +6501,7 @@ rb_ary_shuffle_bang(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary, VALUE randgen)
         while (i) {
             long j = RAND_UPTO(i);
             VALUE tmp;
-            if (len != RARRAY_LEN(ary) || ptr != RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)) {
+            if (len != RARRAY_LEN(ary) || ptr != RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary)) {
                 rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "modified during shuffle");
             }
             tmp = ptr[--i];
@@ -6814,7 +6593,7 @@ ary_sample(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary, VALUE randgen, VALUE nv, VALUE
             sorted[j] = idx[i] = k;
         }
         result = rb_ary_new_capa(n);
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(result, ptr_result, {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(result, ptr_result, {
             for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
                 ptr_result[i] = RARRAY_AREF(ary, idx[i]);
             }
@@ -6837,7 +6616,7 @@ ary_sample(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE ary, VALUE randgen, VALUE nv, VALUE
             len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
             if (len <= max_idx) n = 0;
             else if (n > len) n = len;
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr_ary, {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr_ary, {
                 for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
                     long j2 = j = ptr_result[i];
                     long i2 = i;
@@ -6900,7 +6679,7 @@ rb_ary_cycle_size(VALUE self, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *    array.cycle -> new_enumerator
  *    array.cycle(count) -> new_enumerator
  *
- *  When called with positive \Integer argument +count+ and a block,
+ *  When called with positive Integer argument +count+ and a block,
  *  calls the block with each element, then does so again,
  *  until it has done so +count+ times; returns +nil+:
  *
@@ -6919,7 +6698,7 @@ rb_ary_cycle_size(VALUE self, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *    [0, 1].cycle {|element| puts element }
  *    [0, 1].cycle(nil) {|element| puts element }
  *
- *  When no block is given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  When no block is given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *
  *    [0, 1].cycle(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:cycle(2)>
  *    [0, 1].cycle # => # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:cycle>
@@ -7076,7 +6855,7 @@ rb_ary_permutation_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *  When invoked with a block, yield all permutations of elements of +self+; returns +self+.
  *  The order of permutations is indeterminate.
  *
- *  When a block and an in-range positive \Integer argument +n+ (<tt>0 < n <= self.size</tt>)
+ *  When a block and an in-range positive Integer argument +n+ (<tt>0 < n <= self.size</tt>)
  *  are given, calls the block with all +n+-tuple permutations of +self+.
  *
  *  Example:
@@ -7138,7 +6917,7 @@ rb_ary_permutation_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *    [2, 0, 1]
  *    [2, 1, 0]
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [0, 1, 2]
  *    a.permutation # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:permutation>
@@ -7222,7 +7001,7 @@ rb_ary_combination_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *  Calls the block, if given, with combinations of elements of +self+;
  *  returns +self+. The order of combinations is indeterminate.
  *
- *  When a block and an in-range positive \Integer argument +n+ (<tt>0 < n <= self.size</tt>)
+ *  When a block and an in-range positive Integer argument +n+ (<tt>0 < n <= self.size</tt>)
  *  are given, calls the block with all +n+-tuple combinations of +self+.
  *
  *  Example:
@@ -7261,7 +7040,7 @@ rb_ary_combination_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *    a.combination(-1) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
  *    a.combination(4) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [0, 1, 2]
  *    a.combination(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:combination(2)>
@@ -7359,7 +7138,7 @@ rb_ary_repeated_permutation_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *  each permutation is an \Array;
  *  returns +self+. The order of the permutations is indeterminate.
  *
- *  When a block and a positive \Integer argument +n+ are given, calls the block with each
+ *  When a block and a positive Integer argument +n+ are given, calls the block with each
  *  +n+-tuple repeated permutation of the elements of +self+.
  *  The number of permutations is <tt>self.size**n</tt>.
  *
@@ -7396,7 +7175,7 @@ rb_ary_repeated_permutation_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *
  *    a.repeated_permutation(-1) {|permutation| fail 'Cannot happen' }
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [0, 1, 2]
  *    a.repeated_permutation(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:permutation(2)>
@@ -7491,7 +7270,7 @@ rb_ary_repeated_combination_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *  each combination is an \Array;
  *  returns +self+. The order of the combinations is indeterminate.
  *
- *  When a block and a positive \Integer argument +n+ are given, calls the block with each
+ *  When a block and a positive Integer argument +n+ are given, calls the block with each
  *  +n+-tuple repeated combination of the elements of +self+.
  *  The number of combinations is <tt>(n+1)(n+2)/2</tt>.
  *
@@ -7525,7 +7304,7 @@ rb_ary_repeated_combination_size(VALUE ary, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *
  *    a.repeated_combination(-1) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *
  *    a = [0, 1, 2]
  *    a.repeated_combination(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:combination(2)>
@@ -7733,7 +7512,7 @@ done:
  *    array.take(n) -> new_array
  *
  *  Returns a new \Array containing the first +n+ element of +self+,
- *  where +n+ is a non-negative \Integer;
+ *  where +n+ is a non-negative Integer;
  *  does not modify +self+.
  *
  *  Examples:
@@ -7773,7 +7552,7 @@ rb_ary_take(VALUE obj, VALUE n)
  *    a.take_while {|element| true } # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  *    a # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  *
- *  With no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  With no block given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *
  *    [0, 1].take_while # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:take_while>
  *
@@ -7796,7 +7575,7 @@ rb_ary_take_while(VALUE ary)
  *    array.drop(n) -> new_array
  *
  *  Returns a new \Array containing all but the first +n+ element of +self+,
- *  where +n+ is a non-negative \Integer;
+ *  where +n+ is a non-negative Integer;
  *  does not modify +self+.
  *
  *  Examples:
@@ -7837,7 +7616,7 @@ rb_ary_drop(VALUE ary, VALUE n)
  *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  *    a.drop_while {|element| element < 3 } # => [3, 4, 5]
  *
- *  With no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  With no block given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *
  *    [0, 1].drop_while # => # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1]:drop_while>
  *
@@ -7863,6 +7642,9 @@ rb_ary_drop_while(VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns +true+ if any element of +self+ meets a given criterion.
  *
+ *  If +self+ has no element, returns +false+ and argument or block
+ *  are not used.
+ *
  *  With no block given and no argument, returns +true+ if +self+ has any truthy element,
  *  +false+ otherwise:
  *
@@ -7924,6 +7706,9 @@ rb_ary_any_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
  *
  *  Returns +true+ if all elements of +self+ meet a given criterion.
  *
+ *  If +self+ has no element, returns +true+ and argument or block
+ *  are not used.
+ *
  *  With no block given and no argument, returns +true+ if +self+ contains only truthy elements,
  *  +false+ otherwise:
  *
@@ -8144,7 +7929,7 @@ finish_exact_sum(long n, VALUE r, VALUE v, int z)
 {
     if (n != 0)
         v = rb_fix_plus(LONG2FIX(n), v);
-    if (r != Qundef) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(r)) {
         v = rb_rational_plus(r, v);
     }
     else if (!n && z) {
@@ -8209,6 +7994,12 @@ rb_ary_sum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
 
     n = 0;
     r = Qundef;
+
+    if (!FIXNUM_P(v) && !RB_BIGNUM_TYPE_P(v) && !RB_TYPE_P(v, T_RATIONAL)) {
+        i = 0;
+        goto init_is_a_value;
+    }
+
     for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
         e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
         if (block_given)
@@ -8223,7 +8014,7 @@ rb_ary_sum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
         else if (RB_BIGNUM_TYPE_P(e))
             v = rb_big_plus(e, v);
         else if (RB_TYPE_P(e, T_RATIONAL)) {
-            if (r == Qundef)
+            if (UNDEF_P(r))
                 r = e;
             else
                 r = rb_rational_plus(r, e);
@@ -8293,6 +8084,7 @@ rb_ary_sum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     }
 
     goto has_some_value;
+    init_is_a_value:
     for (; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
         e = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
         if (block_given)
@@ -8303,6 +8095,7 @@ rb_ary_sum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE ary)
     return v;
 }
 
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
 rb_ary_deconstruct(VALUE ary)
 {
@@ -8733,7 +8526,7 @@ rb_ary_deconstruct(VALUE ary)
  *
  *  - #pop: Removes and returns the last element.
  *  - #shift:  Removes and returns the first element.
- *  - #compact!: Removes all non-+nil+ elements.
+ *  - #compact!: Removes all +nil+ elements.
  *  - #delete: Removes elements equal to a given object.
  *  - #delete_at: Removes the element at a given offset.
  *  - #delete_if: Removes elements specified by a given block.
@@ -8830,8 +8623,6 @@ Init_Array(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "[]=", rb_ary_aset, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "at", rb_ary_at, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "fetch", rb_ary_fetch, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "first", rb_ary_first, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "last", rb_ary_last, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "concat", rb_ary_concat_multi, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "union", rb_ary_union_multi, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cArray, "difference", rb_ary_difference_multi, -1);
diff --git a/array.rb b/array.rb
index b9fa9844e6..d17f374235 100644
--- a/array.rb
+++ b/array.rb
@@ -66,4 +66,92 @@ class Array
       Primitive.ary_sample(random, n, ary)
     end
   end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #   array.first -> object or nil
+  #   array.first(n) -> new_array
+  #
+  # Returns elements from +self+; does not modify +self+.
+  #
+  # When no argument is given, returns the first element:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.first # => :foo
+  #   a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+  #
+  # If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
+  #
+  # When non-negative Integer argument +n+ is given,
+  # returns the first +n+ elements in a new \Array:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.first(2) # => [:foo, "bar"]
+  #
+  # If <tt>n >= array.size</tt>, returns all elements:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.first(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+  #
+  # If <tt>n == 0</tt> returns an new empty \Array:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.first(0) # []
+  #
+  # Related: #last.
+  def first n = unspecified = true
+    if Primitive.mandatory_only?
+      Primitive.attr! :leaf
+      Primitive.cexpr! %q{ ary_first(self) }
+    else
+      if unspecified
+        Primitive.cexpr! %q{ ary_first(self) }
+      else
+        Primitive.cexpr! %q{  ary_take_first_or_last_n(self, NUM2LONG(n), ARY_TAKE_FIRST) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #   array.last  -> object or nil
+  #   array.last(n) -> new_array
+  #
+  # Returns elements from +self+; +self+ is not modified.
+  #
+  # When no argument is given, returns the last element:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.last # => 2
+  #   a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+  #
+  # If +self+ is empty, returns +nil+.
+  #
+  # When non-negative Integer argument +n+ is given,
+  # returns the last +n+ elements in a new \Array:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.last(2) # => ["bar", 2]
+  #
+  # If <tt>n >= array.size</tt>, returns all elements:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.last(50) # => [:foo, "bar", 2]
+  #
+  # If <tt>n == 0</tt>, returns an new empty \Array:
+  #
+  #   a = [:foo, 'bar', 2]
+  #   a.last(0) # []
+  #
+  # Related: #first.
+  def last n = unspecified = true
+    if Primitive.mandatory_only?
+      Primitive.attr! :leaf
+      Primitive.cexpr! %q{ ary_last(self) }
+    else
+      if unspecified
+        Primitive.cexpr! %q{ ary_last(self) }
+      else
+        Primitive.cexpr! %q{ ary_take_first_or_last_n(self, NUM2LONG(n), ARY_TAKE_LAST) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/ast.c b/ast.c
index 42d4126a5b..50a54a9f4b 100644
--- a/ast.c
+++ b/ast.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* indent-tabs-mode: nil */
 #include "internal.h"
-#include "internal/parse.h"
+#include "internal/ruby_parser.h"
 #include "internal/symbol.h"
 #include "internal/warnings.h"
 #include "iseq.h"
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ ast_new_internal(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
     return obj;
 }
 
-static VALUE rb_ast_parse_str(VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines);
-static VALUE rb_ast_parse_file(VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines);
+static VALUE rb_ast_parse_str(VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens);
+static VALUE rb_ast_parse_file(VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens);
 
 static VALUE
 ast_parse_new(void)
@@ -85,41 +85,44 @@ ast_parse_done(rb_ast_t *ast)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-ast_s_parse(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines)
+ast_s_parse(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
 {
-    return rb_ast_parse_str(str, keep_script_lines);
+    return rb_ast_parse_str(str, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ast_parse_str(VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines)
+rb_ast_parse_str(VALUE str, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
 {
     rb_ast_t *ast = 0;
 
     StringValue(str);
     VALUE vparser = ast_parse_new();
-    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_keep_script_lines(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_set_script_lines(vparser, Qtrue);
+    if (RTEST(error_tolerant)) rb_parser_error_tolerant(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_tokens)) rb_parser_keep_tokens(vparser);
     ast = rb_parser_compile_string_path(vparser, Qnil, str, 1);
     return ast_parse_done(ast);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-ast_s_parse_file(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines)
+ast_s_parse_file(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
 {
-    return rb_ast_parse_file(path, keep_script_lines);
+    return rb_ast_parse_file(path, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ast_parse_file(VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines)
+rb_ast_parse_file(VALUE path, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
 {
     VALUE f;
     rb_ast_t *ast = 0;
     rb_encoding *enc = rb_utf8_encoding();
 
-    FilePathValue(path);
     f = rb_file_open_str(path, "r");
     rb_funcall(f, rb_intern("set_encoding"), 2, rb_enc_from_encoding(enc), rb_str_new_cstr("-"));
     VALUE vparser = ast_parse_new();
-    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_keep_script_lines(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_set_script_lines(vparser, Qtrue);
+    if (RTEST(error_tolerant))  rb_parser_error_tolerant(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_tokens))  rb_parser_keep_tokens(vparser);
     ast = rb_parser_compile_file_path(vparser, Qnil, f, 1);
     rb_io_close(f);
     return ast_parse_done(ast);
@@ -139,13 +142,15 @@ lex_array(VALUE array, int index)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-rb_ast_parse_array(VALUE array, VALUE keep_script_lines)
+rb_ast_parse_array(VALUE array, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
 {
     rb_ast_t *ast = 0;
 
     array = rb_check_array_type(array);
     VALUE vparser = ast_parse_new();
-    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_keep_script_lines(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_script_lines)) rb_parser_set_script_lines(vparser, Qtrue);
+    if (RTEST(error_tolerant)) rb_parser_error_tolerant(vparser);
+    if (RTEST(keep_tokens)) rb_parser_keep_tokens(vparser);
     ast = rb_parser_compile_generic(vparser, lex_array, Qnil, array, 1);
     return ast_parse_done(ast);
 }
@@ -178,8 +183,8 @@ node_find(VALUE self, const int node_id)
 
 extern VALUE rb_e_script;
 
-static VALUE
-script_lines(VALUE path)
+VALUE
+rb_script_lines_for(VALUE path, bool add)
 {
     VALUE hash, lines;
     ID script_lines;
@@ -187,13 +192,39 @@ script_lines(VALUE path)
     if (!rb_const_defined_at(rb_cObject, script_lines)) return Qnil;
     hash = rb_const_get_at(rb_cObject, script_lines);
     if (!RB_TYPE_P(hash, T_HASH)) return Qnil;
-    lines = rb_hash_lookup(hash, path);
-    if (!RB_TYPE_P(lines, T_ARRAY)) return Qnil;
+    if (add) {
+        rb_hash_aset(hash, path, lines = rb_ary_new());
+    }
+    else if (!RB_TYPE_P((lines = rb_hash_lookup(hash, path)), T_ARRAY)) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
     return lines;
 }
+static VALUE
+script_lines(VALUE path)
+{
+    return rb_script_lines_for(path, false);
+}
 
 static VALUE
-ast_s_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE body, VALUE keep_script_lines)
+node_id_for_backtrace_location(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE location)
+{
+    int node_id;
+
+    if (!rb_frame_info_p(location)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "Thread::Backtrace::Location object expected");
+    }
+
+    node_id = rb_get_node_id_from_frame_info(location);
+    if (node_id == -1) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+
+    return INT2NUM(node_id);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ast_s_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE body, VALUE keep_script_lines, VALUE error_tolerant, VALUE keep_tokens)
 {
     VALUE node, lines = Qnil;
     const rb_iseq_t *iseq;
@@ -232,13 +263,13 @@ ast_s_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE module, VALUE body, VALUE keep_script
     }
 
     if (!NIL_P(lines) || !NIL_P(lines = script_lines(path))) {
-        node = rb_ast_parse_array(lines, keep_script_lines);
+        node = rb_ast_parse_array(lines, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
     }
     else if (e_option) {
-        node = rb_ast_parse_str(rb_e_script, keep_script_lines);
+        node = rb_ast_parse_str(rb_e_script, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
     }
     else {
-        node = rb_ast_parse_file(path, keep_script_lines);
+        node = rb_ast_parse_file(path, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens);
     }
 
     return node_find(node, node_id);
@@ -299,14 +330,14 @@ rb_ary_new_from_node_args(rb_ast_t *ast, long n, ...)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-dump_block(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+dump_block(rb_ast_t *ast, const struct RNode_BLOCK *node)
 {
     VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
     do {
         rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head));
     } while (node->nd_next &&
         nd_type_p(node->nd_next, NODE_BLOCK) &&
-        (node = node->nd_next, 1));
+        (node = RNODE_BLOCK(node->nd_next), 1));
     if (node->nd_next) {
         rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_next));
     }
@@ -315,13 +346,13 @@ dump_block(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-dump_array(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
+dump_array(rb_ast_t *ast, const struct RNode_LIST *node)
 {
     VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
     rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head));
 
     while (node->nd_next && nd_type_p(node->nd_next, NODE_LIST)) {
-        node = node->nd_next;
+        node = RNODE_LIST(node->nd_next);
         rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head));
     }
     rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_next));
@@ -354,211 +385,229 @@ rest_arg(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *rest_arg)
 static VALUE
 node_children(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
 {
-    char name[DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(sizeof(long) * CHAR_BIT) + 2]; /* including '$' */
+    char name[sizeof("$") + DECIMAL_SIZE_OF(long)];
 
     enum node_type type = nd_type(node);
     switch (type) {
       case NODE_BLOCK:
-        return dump_block(ast, node);
+        return dump_block(ast, RNODE_BLOCK(node));
       case NODE_IF:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_cond, node->nd_body, node->nd_else);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_IF(node)->nd_cond, RNODE_IF(node)->nd_body, RNODE_IF(node)->nd_else);
       case NODE_UNLESS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_cond, node->nd_body, node->nd_else);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_UNLESS(node)->nd_cond, RNODE_UNLESS(node)->nd_body, RNODE_UNLESS(node)->nd_else);
       case NODE_CASE:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_CASE(node)->nd_head, RNODE_CASE(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_CASE2:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_CASE2(node)->nd_head, RNODE_CASE2(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_CASE3:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_CASE3(node)->nd_head, RNODE_CASE3(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_WHEN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_head, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_head, RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body, RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_next);
       case NODE_IN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_head, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_IN(node)->nd_head, RNODE_IN(node)->nd_body, RNODE_IN(node)->nd_next);
       case NODE_WHILE:
       case NODE_UNTIL:
-        return rb_ary_push(rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_cond, node->nd_body),
-                           RBOOL(node->nd_state));
+        return rb_ary_push(rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_cond, RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_body),
+                           RBOOL(RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_state));
       case NODE_ITER:
       case NODE_FOR:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_iter, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_ITER(node)->nd_iter, RNODE_ITER(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_FOR_MASGN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_var);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_FOR_MASGN(node)->nd_var);
       case NODE_BREAK:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_BREAK(node)->nd_stts);
       case NODE_NEXT:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_NEXT(node)->nd_stts);
       case NODE_RETURN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_stts);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_RETURN(node)->nd_stts);
       case NODE_REDO:
         return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_RETRY:
         return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_BEGIN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_BEGIN(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_RESCUE:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_head, node->nd_resq, node->nd_else);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_head, RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_resq, RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_else);
       case NODE_RESBODY:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_args, node->nd_body, node->nd_head);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_RESBODY(node)->nd_args, RNODE_RESBODY(node)->nd_body, RNODE_RESBODY(node)->nd_head);
       case NODE_ENSURE:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_ensr);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_ENSURE(node)->nd_head, RNODE_ENSURE(node)->nd_ensr);
       case NODE_AND:
       case NODE_OR:
         {
             VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
 
             while (1) {
-                rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_1st));
-                if (!node->nd_2nd || !nd_type_p(node->nd_2nd, type))
+                rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_AND(node)->nd_1st));
+                if (!RNODE_AND(node)->nd_2nd || !nd_type_p(RNODE_AND(node)->nd_2nd, type))
                     break;
-                node = node->nd_2nd;
+                node = RNODE_AND(node)->nd_2nd;
             }
-            rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_2nd));
+            rb_ary_push(ary, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_AND(node)->nd_2nd));
             return ary;
         }
       case NODE_MASGN:
-        if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(node->nd_args)) {
-            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_value, node->nd_head, node->nd_args);
+        if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_args)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_value, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_head, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_args);
         }
         else {
-            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value),
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head),
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_value),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_head),
                                         no_name_rest());
         }
       case NODE_LASGN:
+        if (NODE_REQUIRED_KEYWORD_P(RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_value)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_vid), ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_REQUIRED_KEYWORD")));
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_DASGN:
+        if (NODE_REQUIRED_KEYWORD_P(RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_value)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_vid), ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_REQUIRED_KEYWORD")));
+        }
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_IASGN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_IASGN(node)->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_IASGN(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_CVASGN:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_CVASGN(node)->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_CVASGN(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_GASGN:
-        if (NODE_REQUIRED_KEYWORD_P(node)) {
-            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(node->nd_vid), ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_REQUIRED_KEYWORD")));
-        }
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(node->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, var_name(RNODE_GASGN(node)->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_GASGN(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_CDECL:
-        if (node->nd_vid) {
-            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        if (RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_vid) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_vid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
         }
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_else), ID2SYM(node->nd_else->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_else), ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON2(RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_else)->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_OP_ASGN1:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(4, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv),
-                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_mid),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args->nd_head),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args->nd_body));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(4, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_recv),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_index),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_rvalue));
       case NODE_OP_ASGN2:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(5, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv),
-                                    RBOOL(node->nd_next->nd_aid),
-                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_next->nd_vid),
-                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_next->nd_mid),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(5, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_recv),
+                                    RBOOL(RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_aid),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_vid),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_OP_ASGN_AND:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head), ID2SYM(idANDOP),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN_AND(node)->nd_head), ID2SYM(idANDOP),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN_AND(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_OP_ASGN_OR:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head), ID2SYM(idOROP),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN_OR(node)->nd_head), ID2SYM(idOROP),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_ASGN_OR(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_OP_CDECL:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head),
-                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_aid),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_value));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_head),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_aid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
       case NODE_CALL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_CALL(node)->nd_recv),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_CALL(node)->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_CALL(node)->nd_args));
       case NODE_OPCALL:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OPCALL(node)->nd_recv),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_OPCALL(node)->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_OPCALL(node)->nd_args));
       case NODE_QCALL:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv),
-                                    ID2SYM(node->nd_mid),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_QCALL(node)->nd_recv),
+                                    ID2SYM(RNODE_QCALL(node)->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_QCALL(node)->nd_args));
       case NODE_FCALL:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(RNODE_FCALL(node)->nd_mid),
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_FCALL(node)->nd_args));
       case NODE_VCALL:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_VCALL(node)->nd_mid));
       case NODE_SUPER:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_args);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_SUPER(node)->nd_args);
       case NODE_ZSUPER:
         return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_LIST:
-      case NODE_VALUES:
-        return dump_array(ast, node);
+        return dump_array(ast, RNODE_LIST(node));
       case NODE_ZLIST:
         return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_HASH:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_HASH(node)->nd_head);
       case NODE_YIELD:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_YIELD(node)->nd_head);
       case NODE_LVAR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, var_name(RNODE_LVAR(node)->nd_vid));
       case NODE_DVAR:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, var_name(node->nd_vid));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, var_name(RNODE_DVAR(node)->nd_vid));
       case NODE_IVAR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_IVAR(node)->nd_vid));
       case NODE_CONST:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid));
       case NODE_CVAR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_CVAR(node)->nd_vid));
       case NODE_GVAR:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_GVAR(node)->nd_vid));
       case NODE_NTH_REF:
-        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "$%ld", node->nd_nth);
+        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "$%ld", RNODE_NTH_REF(node)->nd_nth);
         return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(rb_intern(name)));
       case NODE_BACK_REF:
         name[0] = '$';
-        name[1] = (char)node->nd_nth;
+        name[1] = (char)RNODE_BACK_REF(node)->nd_nth;
         name[2] = '\0';
         return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(rb_intern(name)));
       case NODE_MATCH2:
-        if (node->nd_args) {
-            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_recv, node->nd_value, node->nd_args);
+        if (RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_args) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_recv, RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_value, RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_args);
         }
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_recv, node->nd_value);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_recv, RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_value);
       case NODE_MATCH3:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_recv, node->nd_value);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_MATCH3(node)->nd_recv, RNODE_MATCH3(node)->nd_value);
       case NODE_MATCH:
       case NODE_LIT:
       case NODE_STR:
       case NODE_XSTR:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, node->nd_lit);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit);
       case NODE_ONCE:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_ONCE(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_DSTR:
       case NODE_DXSTR:
       case NODE_DREGX:
       case NODE_DSYM:
         {
-            NODE *n = node->nd_next;
+            struct RNode_LIST *n = RNODE_DSTR(node)->nd_next;
             VALUE head = Qnil, next = Qnil;
             if (n) {
                 head = NEW_CHILD(ast, n->nd_head);
                 next = NEW_CHILD(ast, n->nd_next);
             }
-            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, node->nd_lit, head, next);
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, RNODE_DSTR(node)->nd_lit, head, next);
         }
       case NODE_EVSTR:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_EVSTR(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_ARGSCAT:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_ARGSCAT(node)->nd_head, RNODE_ARGSCAT(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_ARGSPUSH:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_ARGSPUSH(node)->nd_head, RNODE_ARGSPUSH(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_SPLAT:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_SPLAT(node)->nd_head);
       case NODE_BLOCK_PASS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_head, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_BLOCK_PASS(node)->nd_head, RNODE_BLOCK_PASS(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_DEFN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_defn));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(RNODE_DEFN(node)->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_DEFN(node)->nd_defn));
       case NODE_DEFS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_defn));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_DEFS(node)->nd_recv), ID2SYM(RNODE_DEFS(node)->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_DEFS(node)->nd_defn));
       case NODE_ALIAS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_1st, node->nd_2nd);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_ALIAS(node)->nd_1st, RNODE_ALIAS(node)->nd_2nd);
       case NODE_VALIAS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(node->nd_alias), ID2SYM(node->nd_orig));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(RNODE_VALIAS(node)->nd_alias), ID2SYM(RNODE_VALIAS(node)->nd_orig));
       case NODE_UNDEF:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_undef);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_UNDEF(node)->nd_undef);
       case NODE_CLASS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, node->nd_cpath, node->nd_super, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 3, RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_cpath, RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_super, RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_MODULE:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_cpath, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_MODULE(node)->nd_cpath, RNODE_MODULE(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_SCLASS:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_recv, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_SCLASS(node)->nd_recv, RNODE_SCLASS(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_COLON2:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_head), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_head), ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid));
       case NODE_COLON3:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid));
       case NODE_DOT2:
       case NODE_DOT3:
       case NODE_FLIP2:
       case NODE_FLIP3:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_beg, node->nd_end);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_DOT2(node)->nd_beg, RNODE_DOT2(node)->nd_end);
       case NODE_SELF:
         return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_NIL:
@@ -570,82 +619,84 @@ node_children(rb_ast_t *ast, const NODE *node)
       case NODE_ERRINFO:
         return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_DEFINED:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_head);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_DEFINED(node)->nd_head);
       case NODE_POSTEXE:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_POSTEXE(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_ATTRASGN:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_recv), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args));
+        return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_recv), ID2SYM(RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_mid), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args));
       case NODE_LAMBDA:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, node->nd_body);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 1, RNODE_LAMBDA(node)->nd_body);
       case NODE_OPT_ARG:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_OPT_ARG(node)->nd_body, RNODE_OPT_ARG(node)->nd_next);
       case NODE_KW_ARG:
-        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_body, node->nd_next);
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_KW_ARG(node)->nd_body, RNODE_KW_ARG(node)->nd_next);
       case NODE_POSTARG:
-        if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(node->nd_1st)) {
-            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, node->nd_1st, node->nd_2nd);
+        if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_POSTARG(node)->nd_1st)) {
+            return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 2, RNODE_POSTARG(node)->nd_1st, RNODE_POSTARG(node)->nd_2nd);
         }
         return rb_ary_new_from_args(2, no_name_rest(),
-                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_2nd));
+                                    NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_POSTARG(node)->nd_2nd));
       case NODE_ARGS:
         {
-            struct rb_args_info *ainfo = node->nd_ainfo;
+            struct rb_args_info *ainfo = &RNODE_ARGS(node)->nd_ainfo;
             return rb_ary_new_from_args(10,
                                         INT2NUM(ainfo->pre_args_num),
                                         NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->pre_init),
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->opt_args),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, (NODE *)ainfo->opt_args),
                                         var_name(ainfo->first_post_arg),
                                         INT2NUM(ainfo->post_args_num),
                                         NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->post_init),
                                         (ainfo->rest_arg == NODE_SPECIAL_EXCESSIVE_COMMA
                                             ? ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_EXCESSIVE_COMMA"))
                                             : var_name(ainfo->rest_arg)),
-                                        (ainfo->no_kwarg ? Qfalse : NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->kw_args)),
+                                        (ainfo->no_kwarg ? Qfalse : NEW_CHILD(ast, (NODE *)ainfo->kw_args)),
                                         (ainfo->no_kwarg ? Qfalse : NEW_CHILD(ast, ainfo->kw_rest_arg)),
                                         var_name(ainfo->block_arg));
         }
       case NODE_SCOPE:
         {
-            rb_ast_id_table_t *tbl = node->nd_tbl;
+            rb_ast_id_table_t *tbl = RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_tbl;
             int i, size = tbl ? tbl->size : 0;
             VALUE locals = rb_ary_new_capa(size);
             for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                 rb_ary_push(locals, var_name(tbl->ids[i]));
             }
-            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, locals, NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_args), NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_body));
+            return rb_ary_new_from_args(3, locals, NEW_CHILD(ast, (NODE *)RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_args), NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body));
         }
       case NODE_ARYPTN:
         {
-            struct rb_ary_pattern_info *apinfo = node->nd_apinfo;
-            VALUE rest = rest_arg(ast, apinfo->rest_arg);
+            VALUE rest = rest_arg(ast, RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg);
             return rb_ary_new_from_args(4,
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pconst),
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, apinfo->pre_args),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->nd_pconst),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->pre_args),
                                         rest,
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, apinfo->post_args));
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->post_args));
         }
       case NODE_FNDPTN:
         {
-            struct rb_fnd_pattern_info *fpinfo = node->nd_fpinfo;
-            VALUE pre_rest = rest_arg(ast, fpinfo->pre_rest_arg);
-            VALUE post_rest = rest_arg(ast, fpinfo->post_rest_arg);
+            VALUE pre_rest = rest_arg(ast, RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->pre_rest_arg);
+            VALUE post_rest = rest_arg(ast, RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->post_rest_arg);
             return rb_ary_new_from_args(4,
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pconst),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->nd_pconst),
                                         pre_rest,
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, fpinfo->args),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->args),
                                         post_rest);
         }
       case NODE_HSHPTN:
         {
-            VALUE kwrest = node->nd_pkwrestarg == NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD ? ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD")) :
-                                                                                 NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pkwrestarg);
+            VALUE kwrest = RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg == NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD ? ID2SYM(rb_intern("NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD")) :
+                                                                                 NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg);
 
             return rb_ary_new_from_args(3,
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pconst),
-                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, node->nd_pkwargs),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pconst),
+                                        NEW_CHILD(ast, RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwargs),
                                         kwrest);
         }
+      case NODE_ERROR:
+        return rb_ary_new_from_node_args(ast, 0);
       case NODE_ARGS_AUX:
+      case NODE_RIPPER:
+      case NODE_RIPPER_VALUES:
       case NODE_LAST:
         break;
     }
@@ -699,6 +750,15 @@ ast_node_last_column(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
 }
 
 static VALUE
+ast_node_all_tokens(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct ASTNodeData *data;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ASTNodeData, &rb_node_type, data);
+
+    return rb_ast_tokens(data->ast);
+}
+
+static VALUE
 ast_node_inspect(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
 {
     VALUE str;
diff --git a/ast.rb b/ast.rb
index f866bd23e5..51ee5b3d59 100644
--- a/ast.rb
+++ b/ast.rb
@@ -20,21 +20,47 @@
 module RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
 
   #  call-seq:
-  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(string) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(string, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
   #
   #  Parses the given _string_ into an abstract syntax tree,
   #  returning the root node of that tree.
   #
-  #  SyntaxError is raised if the given _string_ is invalid syntax.
-  #
   #    RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2")
   #    # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-1:9>
-  def self.parse string, keep_script_lines: false
-    Primitive.ast_s_parse string, keep_script_lines
+  #
+  #  If <tt>keep_script_lines: true</tt> option is provided, the text of the parsed
+  #  source is associated with nodes and is available via Node#script_lines.
+  #
+  #  If <tt>keep_tokens: true</tt> option is provided, Node#tokens are populated.
+  #
+  #  SyntaxError is raised if the given _string_ is invalid syntax. To overwrite this
+  #  behavior, <tt>error_tolerant: true</tt> can be provided. In this case, the parser
+  #  will produce a tree where expressions with syntax errors would be represented by
+  #  Node with <tt>type=:ERROR</tt>.
+  #
+  #     root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1; p(x; y=2")
+  #     # <internal:ast>:33:in `parse': syntax error, unexpected ';', expecting ')' (SyntaxError)
+  #     # x = 1; p(x; y=2
+  #     #           ^
+  #
+  #     root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1; p(x; y=2", error_tolerant: true)
+  #     # (SCOPE@1:0-1:15
+  #     #  tbl: [:x, :y]
+  #     #  args: nil
+  #     #  body: (BLOCK@1:0-1:15 (LASGN@1:0-1:5 :x (LIT@1:4-1:5 1)) (ERROR@1:7-1:11) (LASGN@1:12-1:15 :y (LIT@1:14-1:15 2))))
+  #     root.children.last.children
+  #     # [(LASGN@1:0-1:5 :x (LIT@1:4-1:5 1)),
+  #     #  (ERROR@1:7-1:11),
+  #     #  (LASGN@1:12-1:15 :y (LIT@1:14-1:15 2))]
+  #
+  #  Note that parsing continues even after the errored expression.
+  #
+  def self.parse string, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false
+    Primitive.ast_s_parse string, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens
   end
 
   #  call-seq:
-  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse_file(pathname) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse_file(pathname, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
   #
   #   Reads the file from _pathname_, then parses it like ::parse,
   #   returning the root node of the abstract syntax tree.
@@ -44,13 +70,15 @@ module RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
   #
   #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse_file("my-app/app.rb")
   #     # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-31:3>
-  def self.parse_file pathname, keep_script_lines: false
-    Primitive.ast_s_parse_file pathname, keep_script_lines
+  #
+  #   See ::parse for explanation of keyword argument meaning and usage.
+  def self.parse_file pathname, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false
+    Primitive.ast_s_parse_file pathname, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens
   end
 
   #  call-seq:
-  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(proc)   -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
-  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(method) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(proc, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false)   -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(method, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false) -> RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
   #
   #   Returns AST nodes of the given _proc_ or _method_.
   #
@@ -63,8 +91,25 @@ module RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
   #
   #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.of(method(:hello))
   #     # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-3:3>
-  def self.of body, keep_script_lines: false
-    Primitive.ast_s_of body, keep_script_lines
+  #
+  #   See ::parse for explanation of keyword argument meaning and usage.
+  def self.of body, keep_script_lines: RubyVM.keep_script_lines, error_tolerant: false, keep_tokens: false
+    Primitive.ast_s_of body, keep_script_lines, error_tolerant, keep_tokens
+  end
+
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.node_id_for_backtrace_location(backtrace_location)   -> integer
+  #
+  #   Returns the node id for the given backtrace location.
+  #
+  #     begin
+  #       raise
+  #     rescue =>  e
+  #       loc = e.backtrace_locations.first
+  #       RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.node_id_for_backtrace_location(loc)
+  #     end # => 0
+  def self.node_id_for_backtrace_location backtrace_location
+    Primitive.node_id_for_backtrace_location backtrace_location
   end
 
   # RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node instances are created by parse methods in
@@ -122,6 +167,47 @@ module RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
     end
 
     #  call-seq:
+    #     node.tokens -> array
+    #
+    #  Returns tokens corresponding to the location of the node.
+    #  Returns +nil+ if +keep_tokens+ is not enabled when #parse method is called.
+    #
+    #    root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2", keep_tokens: true)
+    #    root.tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+    #    root.tokens.map{_1[2]}.join # => "x = 1 + 2"
+    #
+    #  Token is an array of:
+    #
+    #  - id
+    #  - token type
+    #  - source code text
+    #  - location [ first_lineno, first_column, last_lineno, last_column ]
+    def tokens
+      return nil unless all_tokens
+
+      all_tokens.each_with_object([]) do |token, a|
+        loc = token.last
+        if ([first_lineno, first_column] <=> [loc[0], loc[1]]) <= 0 &&
+           ([last_lineno, last_column]   <=> [loc[2], loc[3]]) >= 0
+           a << token
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
+    #     node.all_tokens -> array
+    #
+    #  Returns all tokens for the input script regardless the receiver node.
+    #  Returns +nil+ if +keep_tokens+ is not enabled when #parse method is called.
+    #
+    #    root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2", keep_tokens: true)
+    #    root.all_tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+    #    root.children[-1].all_tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+    def all_tokens
+      Primitive.ast_node_all_tokens
+    end
+
+    #  call-seq:
     #     node.children -> array
     #
     #  Returns AST nodes under this one.  Each kind of node
@@ -179,8 +265,8 @@ module RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
       lines = script_lines
       if lines
         lines = lines[first_lineno - 1 .. last_lineno - 1]
-        lines[-1] = lines[-1][0...last_column]
-        lines[0] = lines[0][first_column..-1]
+        lines[-1] = lines[-1].byteslice(0...last_column)
+        lines[0] = lines[0].byteslice(first_column..-1)
         lines.join
       else
         nil
diff --git a/benchmark/array_sort_int.yml b/benchmark/array_sort_int.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b9027ebf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/array_sort_int.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+prelude: |
+  ary2 = 2.times.to_a.shuffle
+  ary10 = 10.times.to_a.shuffle
+  ary100 = 100.times.to_a.shuffle
+  ary1000 = 1000.times.to_a.shuffle
+  ary10000 = 10000.times.to_a.shuffle
+
+benchmark:
+  ary2.sort: ary2.sort
+  ary10.sort: ary10.sort
+  ary100.sort: ary100.sort
+  ary1000.sort: ary1000.sort
+  ary10000.sort: ary10000.sort
+
+loop_count: 10000
diff --git a/benchmark/buffer_each.yml b/benchmark/buffer_each.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..417941104e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/buffer_each.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+prelude: |
+  # frozen_string_literal: true
+  Warning[:experimental] = false
+  string = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog."
+  array = string.bytes
+  buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
+benchmark:
+  string.each_byte: |
+    upcased = String.new
+    string.each_byte do |byte|
+      upcased << (byte ^ 32)
+    end
+  array.each: |
+    upcased = String.new
+    array.each do |byte|
+      upcased << (byte ^ 32)
+    end
+  buffer.each: |
+    upcased = String.new
+    buffer.each(:U8) do |offset, byte|
+      upcased << (byte ^ 32)
+    end
+  buffer.each_byte: |
+    upcased = String.new
+    buffer.each_byte do |byte|
+      upcased << (byte ^ 32)
+    end
diff --git a/benchmark/buffer_get.yml b/benchmark/buffer_get.yml
index bb9ca7e94a..9e1f99d64e 100644
--- a/benchmark/buffer_get.yml
+++ b/benchmark/buffer_get.yml
@@ -1,10 +1,25 @@
 prelude: |
   # frozen_string_literal: true
   Warning[:experimental] = false
-  buffer = IO::Buffer.new(32, IO::Buffer::MAPPED)
-  string = "\0" * 32
+  string = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog."
+  buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
+  format = [:U32, :U32, :U32, :U32]
 benchmark:
-  buffer.get_value: |
-    buffer.get_value(:U32, 0)
   string.unpack1: |
-    string.unpack1("N")
+    [
+      string.unpack1("N"),
+      string.unpack1("N", offset: 4),
+      string.unpack1("N", offset: 8),
+      string.unpack1("N", offset: 12),
+    ]
+  buffer.get_value: |
+    [
+      buffer.get_value(:U32, 0),
+      buffer.get_value(:U32, 4),
+      buffer.get_value(:U32, 8),
+      buffer.get_value(:U32, 12),
+    ]
+  buffer.get_values: |
+    buffer.get_values(format, 0)
+  string.unpack: |
+    string.unpack("NNNN")
diff --git a/benchmark/cgi_escape_html.yml b/benchmark/cgi_escape_html.yml
index af6abd08ac..655be9d7d8 100644
--- a/benchmark/cgi_escape_html.yml
+++ b/benchmark/cgi_escape_html.yml
@@ -1,32 +1,23 @@
-prelude: require 'cgi/escape'
+prelude: |
+  # frozen_string_literal: true
+  require 'cgi/escape'
 benchmark:
-  - name: escape_html_blank
-    prelude: str = ""
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+  - script: CGI.escapeHTML("")
     loop_count: 20000000
-  - name: escape_html_short_none
-    prelude: str = "abcde"
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+  - script: CGI.escapeHTML("abcde")
     loop_count: 20000000
-  - name: escape_html_short_one
-    prelude: str = "abcd<"
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+  - script: CGI.escapeHTML("abcd<")
     loop_count: 20000000
-  - name: escape_html_short_all
-    prelude: str = "'&\"<>"
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+  - script: CGI.escapeHTML("'&\"<>")
     loop_count: 5000000
-  - name: escape_html_long_none
-    prelude: str = "abcde" * 300
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+  - prelude: long_no_escape = "abcde" * 300
+    script: CGI.escapeHTML(long_no_escape)
     loop_count: 1000000
-  - name: escape_html_long_all
-    prelude: str = "'&\"<>" * 10
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+  - prelude: long_all_escape = "'&\"<>" * 10
+    script: CGI.escapeHTML(long_all_escape)
     loop_count: 1000000
-  - name: escape_html_real
-    prelude: | # http://example.com/
-      str = <<~HTML
+  - prelude: | # http://example.com/
+      example_html = <<~HTML
         <body>
         <div>
             <h1>Example Domain</h1>
@@ -36,5 +27,5 @@ benchmark:
         </div>
         </body>
       HTML
-    script: CGI.escapeHTML(str)
+    script: CGI.escapeHTML(example_html)
     loop_count: 1000000
diff --git a/benchmark/enum_minmax.yml b/benchmark/enum_minmax.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d01731abb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/enum_minmax.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+prelude: |
+  set2 = 2.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set10 = 10.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set100 = 100.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set1000 = 1000.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set10000 = 10000.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+
+benchmark:
+  set2.min: set2.min
+  set10.min: set10.min
+  set100.min: set100.min
+  set1000.min: set1000.min
+  set10000.min: set10000.min
+  set2.max: set2.max
+  set10.max: set10.max
+  set100.max: set100.max
+  set1000.max: set1000.max
+  set10000.max: set10000.max
+  set2.minmax: set2.minmax
+  set10.minmax: set10.minmax
+  set100.minmax: set100.minmax
+  set1000.minmax: set1000.minmax
+  set10000.minmax: set10000.minmax
+
+loop_count: 10000
diff --git a/benchmark/enum_sort.yml b/benchmark/enum_sort.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f26e748c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/enum_sort.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+prelude: |
+  set2 = 2.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set10 = 10.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set100 = 100.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set1000 = 1000.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+  set10000 = 10000.times.to_a.shuffle.to_set
+
+benchmark:
+  set2.sort_by: set2.sort_by { 0 }
+  set10.sort_by: set10.sort_by { 0 }
+  set100.sort_by: set100.sort_by { 0 }
+  set1000.sort_by: set1000.sort_by { 0 }
+  set10000.sort_by: set10000.sort_by { 0 }
+
+loop_count: 10000
diff --git a/benchmark/enum_sort_by.yml b/benchmark/enum_sort_by.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d386353888
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/enum_sort_by.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+prelude: |
+  array_length = 2
+  fixnum_array2 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000)}
+  float_array2 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000.0).to_f}
+  string_array2 = array_length.times.to_a.map {"r" * rand(1..10000)}
+  mix_array2 = array_length.times.to_a.map {if rand(1..100) <= 50 then rand(1..10000).to_f else rand(1..10000) end}
+  all_zero_array2 =array_length.times.to_a.map {0}
+
+  array_length = 10
+  fixnum_array10 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000)}
+  float_array10 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000.0).to_f}
+  string_array10 = array_length.times.to_a.map {"r" * rand(1..10000)}
+  mix_array10 = array_length.times.to_a.map {if rand(1..100) <= 50 then rand(1..10000).to_f else rand(1..10000) end}
+  all_zero_array10 =array_length.times.to_a.map {0}
+
+  array_length = 1000
+  fixnum_array1000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000)}
+  float_array1000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000.0).to_f}
+  string_array1000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {"r" * rand(1..10000)}
+  mix_array1000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {if rand(1..100) <= 50 then rand(1..10000).to_f else rand(1..10000) end}
+  all_zero_array1000 =array_length.times.to_a.map {0}
+
+  array_length = 100000
+  fixnum_array100000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000)}
+  float_array100000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {rand(10000.0).to_f}
+  string_array100000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {"r" * rand(1..10000)}
+  mix_array100000 = array_length.times.to_a.map {if rand(1..100) <= 50 then rand(1..10000).to_f else rand(1..10000) end}
+  all_zero_array100000 =array_length.times.to_a.map {0}
+
+benchmark:
+  fixnum_array2.sort_by: fixnum_array2.sort_by {|a| a}
+  float_array2.sort_by:  float_array2.sort_by {|a| a}
+  string_length2.sort_by: string_array2.sort_by {|a| a.length}
+  mix_array2.sort_by:  mix_array2.sort_by {|a| a}
+  all_zero2.sort_by: all_zero_array2.sort_by{|a| a}
+
+  fixnum_array10.sort_by: fixnum_array10.sort_by {|a| a}
+  float_array10.sort_by:  float_array10.sort_by {|a| a}
+  string_length10.sort_by: string_array10.sort_by {|a| a.length}
+  mix_array10.sort_by:  mix_array10.sort_by {|a| a}
+  all_zero10.sort_by: all_zero_array10.sort_by{|a| a}
+
+  fixnum_array1000.sort_by: fixnum_array1000.sort_by {|a| a}
+  float_array1000.sort_by:  float_array1000.sort_by {|a| a}
+  string_length1000.sort_by: string_array1000.sort_by {|a| a.length}
+  mix_array1000.sort_by:  mix_array1000.sort_by {|a| a}
+  all_zero1000.sort_by: all_zero_array1000.sort_by{|a| a}
+
+  fixnum_array100000.sort_by: fixnum_array100000.sort_by {|a| a}
+  float_array100000.sort_by:  float_array100000.sort_by {|a| a}
+  string_length100000.sort_by: string_array100000.sort_by {|a| a.length}
+  mix_array100000.sort_by:  mix_array100000.sort_by {|a| a}
+  all_zero100000.sort_by: all_zero_array100000.sort_by{|a| a}
diff --git a/benchmark/erb_escape_html.yml b/benchmark/erb_escape_html.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca28d756e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/erb_escape_html.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+prelude: |
+  # frozen_string_literal: true
+  require 'erb'
+benchmark:
+  - script: ERB::Util.html_escape("")
+    loop_count: 20000000
+  - script: ERB::Util.html_escape("abcde")
+    loop_count: 20000000
+  - script: ERB::Util.html_escape("abcd<")
+    loop_count: 20000000
+  - script: ERB::Util.html_escape("'&\"<>")
+    loop_count: 5000000
+  - prelude: long_no_escape = "abcde" * 300
+    script: ERB::Util.html_escape(long_no_escape)
+    loop_count: 1000000
+  - prelude: long_all_escape = "'&\"<>" * 10
+    script: ERB::Util.html_escape(long_all_escape)
+    loop_count: 1000000
+  - prelude: | # http://example.com/
+      example_html = <<~HTML
+        <body>
+        <div>
+            <h1>Example Domain</h1>
+            <p>This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You may use this
+            domain in examples without prior coordination or asking for permission.</p>
+            <p><a href="http://www.iana.org/domains/example">More information...</a></p>
+        </div>
+        </body>
+      HTML
+    script: ERB::Util.html_escape(example_html)
+    loop_count: 1000000
diff --git a/benchmark/lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit.rb b/benchmark/lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1d4693e8be..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-require 'benchmark_driver/struct'
-require 'benchmark_driver/metric'
-require 'erb'
-
-# A runner to measure after-JIT performance easily
-class BenchmarkDriver::Runner::Mjit < BenchmarkDriver::Runner::Ips
-  # JobParser returns this, `BenchmarkDriver::Runner.runner_for` searches "*::Job"
-  Job = Class.new(BenchmarkDriver::DefaultJob)
-
-  # Dynamically fetched and used by `BenchmarkDriver::JobParser.parse`
-  JobParser = BenchmarkDriver::DefaultJobParser.for(klass: Job, metrics: [METRIC]).extend(Module.new{
-    def parse(**)
-      jobs = super
-      jobs.map do |job|
-        job = job.dup
-        job.prelude = "#{job.prelude}\n#{<<~EOS}"
-          if defined?(RubyVM::MJIT) && RubyVM::MJIT.enabled?
-            __bmdv_ruby_i = 0
-            while __bmdv_ruby_i < 10000 # jit_min_calls
-              #{job.script}
-              __bmdv_ruby_i += 1
-            end
-            RubyVM::MJIT.pause # compile
-            #{job.script}
-            RubyVM::MJIT.resume; RubyVM::MJIT.pause # recompile
-            #{job.script}
-            RubyVM::MJIT.resume; RubyVM::MJIT.pause # recompile 2
-          end
-        EOS
-        job
-      end
-    end
-  })
-end
diff --git a/benchmark/loop_generator.rb b/benchmark/loop_generator.rb
index d3375c744c..6a3194b670 100644
--- a/benchmark/loop_generator.rb
+++ b/benchmark/loop_generator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-max = 600000
+max = 6000000
 
 if defined? Fiber
   gen = (1..max).each
diff --git a/benchmark/mjit_exivar.yml b/benchmark/mjit_exivar.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 2584fa6410..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/mjit_exivar.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-type: lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit
-prelude: |
-  class Bench < Hash
-    def initialize
-      @exivar = nil
-    end
-
-    def exivar
-      @exivar
-    end
-  end
-
-  bench = Bench.new
-
-benchmark:
-  mjit_exivar: bench.exivar
-
-loop_count: 200000000
diff --git a/benchmark/mjit_integer.yml b/benchmark/mjit_integer.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index a6b5c9ee16..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/mjit_integer.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-type: lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit
-prelude: |
-  def mjit_abs(int)        int.abs        end
-  def mjit_bit_length(int) int.bit_length end
-  def mjit_comp(int)       ~int           end
-  def mjit_even?(int)      int.even?      end
-  def mjit_integer?(int)   int.integer?   end
-  def mjit_magnitude(int)  int.magnitude  end
-  def mjit_odd?(int)       int.odd?       end
-  def mjit_ord(int)        int.ord        end
-  def mjit_size(int)       int.size       end
-  def mjit_to_i(int)       int.to_i       end
-  def mjit_to_int(int)     int.to_int     end
-  def mjit_uminus(int)     -int           end
-  def mjit_zero?(int)      int.zero?      end
-
-benchmark:
-  - mjit_abs(-1)
-  - mjit_bit_length(100)
-  - mjit_comp(1)
-  - mjit_even?(2)
-  - mjit_integer?(0)
-  - mjit_magnitude(-1)
-  - mjit_odd?(1)
-  - mjit_ord(1)
-  - mjit_size(1)
-  - mjit_to_i(1)
-  - mjit_to_int(1)
-  - mjit_uminus(1)
-  - mjit_zero?(0)
-
-loop_count: 40000000
diff --git a/benchmark/mjit_kernel.yml b/benchmark/mjit_kernel.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 7720e65c2c..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/mjit_kernel.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-type: lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit
-prelude: |
-  def mjit_class(obj)
-    obj.class
-  end
-
-  def mjit_frozen?(obj)
-    obj.frozen?
-  end
-
-  str = ""
-  fstr = "".freeze
-
-benchmark:
-  - mjit_class(self)
-  - mjit_class(1)
-  - mjit_frozen?(str)
-  - mjit_frozen?(fstr)
-
-loop_count: 40000000
diff --git a/benchmark/mjit_leave.yml b/benchmark/mjit_leave.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ac68b164b..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/mjit_leave.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-type: lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit
-prelude: |
-  def leave
-    nil
-  end
-benchmark:
-  mjit_leave: leave
-loop_count: 200000000
diff --git a/benchmark/mjit_opt_cc_insns.yml b/benchmark/mjit_opt_cc_insns.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index fed6d34bd5..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/mjit_opt_cc_insns.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# opt_* insns using vm_method_cfunc_is with send-compatible operands:
-#   * opt_nil_p
-#   * opt_not
-#   * opt_eq
-type: lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit
-prelude: |
-  def mjit_nil?(obj)
-    obj.nil?
-  end
-
-  def mjit_not(obj)
-    !obj
-  end
-
-  def mjit_eq(a, b)
-    a == b
-  end
-
-benchmark:
-  - script: mjit_nil?(1)
-    loop_count: 40000000
-  - script: mjit_not(1)
-    loop_count: 40000000
-  - script: mjit_eq(1, nil)
-    loop_count: 8000000
-  - script: mjit_eq(nil, 1)
-    loop_count: 8000000
diff --git a/benchmark/mjit_struct_aref.yml b/benchmark/mjit_struct_aref.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index bfba1323f2..0000000000
--- a/benchmark/mjit_struct_aref.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-type: lib/benchmark_driver/runner/mjit
-prelude: |
-  def mjit_struct_aref(struct)
-    struct.aa
-  end
-  struct = Struct.new(:a0, :a1, :a2, :a3, :a4, :a5, :a6, :a7, :a8, :a9, :aa).new
-
-benchmark: mjit_struct_aref(struct)
-
-loop_count: 40000000
diff --git a/benchmark/numeric_methods.yml b/benchmark/numeric_methods.yml
index 433c2268a3..1384902935 100644
--- a/benchmark/numeric_methods.yml
+++ b/benchmark/numeric_methods.yml
@@ -10,4 +10,20 @@ benchmark:
     int.finite?
   infinite?: |
     int.infinite?
+  integer_real: |
+    int.real
+  float_real: |
+    flo.real
+  integr_imag: |
+    int.imag
+  float_imag: |
+    flo.imag
+  integer_conj: |
+    int.conj
+  float_conj: |
+    flo.conj
+  integer_numerator: |
+    int.numerator
+  integer_denominator: |
+    int.denominator
 loop_count: 20000000
diff --git a/benchmark/range_bsearch_bignum.yml b/benchmark/range_bsearch_bignum.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5730c93fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_bsearch_bignum.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+prelude: |
+  first = 2**100
+  last = 2**1000
+  mid = (first + last) / 2
+  r = first..last
+
+benchmark:
+  first: r.bsearch { |x| x >= first }
+  mid: r.bsearch { |x| x >= mid }
+  last: r.bsearch { |x| x >= last }
diff --git a/benchmark/range_bsearch_endpointless.yml b/benchmark/range_bsearch_endpointless.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d7bedb662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_bsearch_endpointless.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+prelude: |
+  re = (1..)
+  rb = (..0)
+
+benchmark:
+  'endless 10**0': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 1 }
+  'endless 10**1': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 10 }
+  'endless 10**2': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 100 }
+  'endless 10**3': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 1000 }
+  'endless 10**4': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 10000 }
+  'endless 10**5': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 100000 }
+  'endless 10**10': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 10000000000 }
+  'endless 10**100': re.bsearch { |x| x >= 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 }
+  'beginless -10**0': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -1 }
+  'beginless -10**1': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -10 }
+  'beginless -10**2': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -100 }
+  'beginless -10**3': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -1000 }
+  'beginless -10**4': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -10000 }
+  'beginless -10**5': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -100000 }
+  'beginless -10**10': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -10000000000 }
+  'beginless -10**100': rb.bsearch { |x| x >= -10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 }
diff --git a/benchmark/range_bsearch_fixnum.yml b/benchmark/range_bsearch_fixnum.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59416531b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_bsearch_fixnum.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+prelude: |
+  first = 1
+  last = 10000
+  mid = (first + last) / 2
+  r = first..last
+
+benchmark:
+  first: r.bsearch { |x| x >= first }
+  mid: r.bsearch { |x| x >= mid }
+  last: r.bsearch { |x| x >= last }
diff --git a/benchmark/range_count.yml b/benchmark/range_count.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58f53a0236
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_count.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+prelude: |
+  r_1 = 1..1
+  r_1k = 1..1000
+  r_1m = 1..1000000
+  r_str = 'a'..'z'
+
+benchmark:
+  'int 1': r_1.count
+  'int 1K': r_1k.count
+  'int 1M': r_1m.count
+  string: r_str.count
diff --git a/benchmark/range_min.yml b/benchmark/range_min.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e60dd7308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_min.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+benchmark:
+  - (1..10).min
diff --git a/benchmark/range_overlap.yml b/benchmark/range_overlap.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..700a00053c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_overlap.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+prelude: |
+  class Range
+    unless method_defined?(:overlap?)
+      def overlap?(other)
+        other.begin == self.begin || cover?(other.begin) || other.cover?(self.begin)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+benchmark:
+  - (2..3).overlap?(1..1)
+  - (2..3).overlap?(2..4)
+  - (2..3).overlap?(4..5)
+  - (2..3).overlap?(2..1)
+  - (2..3).overlap?(0..1)
+  - (2..3).overlap?(...1)
+  - (2...3).overlap?(..2)
+  - (2...3).overlap?(3...)
+  - (2..3).overlap?('a'..'d')
diff --git a/benchmark/range_reverse_each.yml b/benchmark/range_reverse_each.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a32efeccc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/range_reverse_each.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+prelude: |
+  rf_1 = 0..1
+  rf_1k = 0..1000
+  rf_1m = 0..1000000
+  big = 2**1000
+  rb_1 = big..big+1
+  rb_1k = big..big+1000
+  rb_1m = big..big+1000000
+
+benchmark:
+  "Fixnum 1": rf_1.reverse_each { _1 }
+  "Fixnum 1K": rf_1k.reverse_each { _1 }
+  "Fixnum 1M": rf_1m.reverse_each { _1 }
+  "Bignum 1": rb_1.reverse_each { _1 }
+  "Bignum 1K": rb_1k.reverse_each { _1 }
+  "Bignum 1M": rb_1m.reverse_each { _1 }
diff --git a/benchmark/regexp_dup.yml b/benchmark/regexp_dup.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52f89991cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/regexp_dup.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+prelude: |
+  str = "a" * 1000
+  re = Regexp.new(str)
+
+benchmark:
+  dup: re.dup
diff --git a/benchmark/regexp_new.yml b/benchmark/regexp_new.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc9ab3ca21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/regexp_new.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+prelude: |
+  str = "a" * 1000
+  re = Regexp.new(str)
+
+benchmark:
+  string: Regexp.new(str)
+  regexp: Regexp.new(re)
diff --git a/benchmark/so_count_words.yml b/benchmark/so_count_words.yml
index 99683505f9..f7322a8541 100644
--- a/benchmark/so_count_words.yml
+++ b/benchmark/so_count_words.yml
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ prelude: |
   Newsgroups:   rec.games.roguelike.nethack
   X-Mailer:     Mozilla 1.1N (Macintosh; I; 68K)
 
-  Hello there, Izchak Miller was my father.  When I was younger I spent 
-  many a night, hunched over the keyboard with a cup of tea, playing 
-  nethack with him and my brother.  my dad was a philosopher with a strong 
-  weakness for fantasy/sci fi.  I remember when he started to get involved 
-  with the Nethack team- my brother's Dungeons and Dragons monster book 
-  found a regular place beside my dad's desk. it's nice to see him living 
-  on in the game he loved so much :-).  
+  Hello there,  Izchak Miller was my  father.  When I was  younger I spent
+  many  a night,  hunched over  the keyboard  with a  cup of  tea, playing
+  nethack with him and my brother.  my dad was a philosopher with a strong
+  weakness for fantasy/sci fi.  I remember when he started to get involved
+  with the  Nethack team- my  brother's Dungeons and Dragons  monster book
+  found a regular place beside my dad's  desk. it's nice to see him living
+  on in the game he loved so much :-).
                                                                     Tamar Miller
 
   The following is a really long word of 5000 characters:
@@ -38,8 +38,9 @@ prelude: |
       13.times{
         data << data
       }
-      open(wcinput, 'w'){|f| f.write data}
+      File.write(wcinput, data)
     end
+    at_exit {File.unlink(wcinput) rescue nil}
   end
 
   prepare_wc_input(wc_input_base)
@@ -49,16 +50,16 @@ benchmark:
     # $Id: wc-ruby.code,v 1.4 2004/11/13 07:43:32 bfulgham Exp $
     # http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/
     # with help from Paul Brannan
-    input = open(File.join(File.dirname($0), 'wc.input'), 'rb')
 
     nl = nw = nc = 0
-    while true
-      tmp = input.read(4096) or break
-      data = tmp << (input.gets || "")
-      nc += data.length
-      nl += data.count("\n")
-      ((data.strip! || data).tr!("\n", " ") || data).squeeze!
-      nw += data.count(" ") + 1
+    File.open(File.join(File.dirname($0), 'wc.input'), 'rb') do |input|
+      while tmp = input.read(4096)
+        data = tmp << (input.gets || "")
+        nc += data.length
+        nl += data.count("\n")
+        ((data.strip! || data).tr!("\n", " ") || data).squeeze!
+        nw += data.count(" ") + 1
+      end
     end
     # STDERR.puts "#{nl} #{nw} #{nc}"
 
diff --git a/benchmark/so_meteor_contest.rb b/benchmark/so_meteor_contest.rb
index 8c136baa6c..d8c8e3ab9c 100644
--- a/benchmark/so_meteor_contest.rb
+++ b/benchmark/so_meteor_contest.rb
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ end
 #   as an inverse.  The inverse will ALWAYS be 3 one of the piece configurations that is exactly 3 rotations away
 #   (an odd number).  Checking even vs odd then produces a higher probability of finding more pieces earlier
 #   in the cycle.  We still need to keep checking all the permutations, but our probability of finding one will
-#   diminsh over time.  Since we are TOLD how many to search for this lets us exit before checking all pieces
+#   diminish over time.  Since we are TOLD how many to search for this lets us exit before checking all pieces
 #   this bennifit is very great when seeking small numbers of solutions and is 0 when looking for more than the
 #   maximum number
 def find_top( rotation_skip)
diff --git a/benchmark/string_concat.yml b/benchmark/string_concat.yml
index b8a69ed909..da14692f5e 100644
--- a/benchmark/string_concat.yml
+++ b/benchmark/string_concat.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 prelude: |
   CHUNK = "a" * 64
   UCHUNK = "é" * 32
+  SHORT = "a" * (GC::INTERNAL_CONSTANTS[:BASE_SLOT_SIZE] / 2)
+  LONG = "a" * (GC::INTERNAL_CONSTANTS[:BASE_SLOT_SIZE] * 2)
   GC.disable # GC causes a lot of variance
 benchmark:
   binary_concat_7bit: |
@@ -33,3 +35,17 @@ benchmark:
     buffer << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK
     buffer << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK
     buffer << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK << UCHUNK
+  interpolation: |
+    buffer = "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}" \
+      "#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}#{CHUNK}"
+  interpolation_same_size_pool: |
+    buffer = "#{SHORT}#{SHORT}"
+  interpolation_switching_size_pools: |
+    buffer = "#{SHORT}#{LONG}"
diff --git a/benchmark/string_dup.yml b/benchmark/string_dup.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..90793f9f2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/string_dup.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+prelude: |
+  # frozen_string_literal: true
+benchmark:
+  uplus: |
+    +"A"
+  dup: |
+    "A".dup
diff --git a/benchmark/string_rpartition.yml b/benchmark/string_rpartition.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37e9d1b071
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/string_rpartition.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+prelude: |
+  str1 = [*"a".."z",*"0".."9"].join("")
+  str10 = str1 * 10 + ":"
+  str100 = str1 * 100 + ":"
+  str1000 = str1 * 1000 + ":"
+  nonascii1 = [*"\u{e0}".."\u{ff}"].join("")
+  nonascii10 = nonascii1 * 10 + ":"
+  nonascii100 = nonascii1 * 100 + ":"
+  nonascii1000 = nonascii1 * 1000 + ":"
+benchmark:
+  rpartition-1: str1.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-10: str10.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-100: str100.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-1000: str1000.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-nonascii1: nonascii1.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-nonascii10: nonascii10.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-nonascii100: nonascii100.rpartition(":")
+  rpartition-nonascii1000: nonascii1000.rpartition(":")
diff --git a/benchmark/struct_accessor.yml b/benchmark/struct_accessor.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61176cfdd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/struct_accessor.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+prelude: |
+  C = Struct.new(:x) do
+    class_eval <<-END
+      def r
+        #{'x;'*256}
+      end
+      def w
+        #{'self.x = nil;'*256}
+      end
+      def rm
+        m = method(:x)
+        #{'m.call;'*256}
+      end
+      def wm
+        m = method(:x=)
+        #{'m.call(nil);'*256}
+      end
+    END
+  end
+  obj = C.new(nil)
+benchmark:
+  member_reader: "obj.r"
+  member_writer: "obj.w"
+  member_reader_method: "obj.rm"
+  member_writer_method: "obj.wm"
diff --git a/benchmark/time_parse.yml b/benchmark/time_parse.yml
index a6d6948b9c..6060b58bc6 100644
--- a/benchmark/time_parse.yml
+++ b/benchmark/time_parse.yml
@@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ benchmark:
   - Time.iso8601(iso8601)
   - Time.parse(iso8601)
   - Time.parse(inspect)
+  - Time.new(iso8601) rescue Time.iso8601(iso8601)
+  - Time.new(inspect) rescue Time.parse(inspect)
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_call_bmethod.yml b/benchmark/vm_call_bmethod.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40136e5aa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_call_bmethod.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+prelude: |
+  define_method(:a0){}
+  define_method(:a1){|a| a}
+  define_method(:s){|*a| a}
+  define_method(:b){|kw: 1| kw}
+
+  t0 = 0.times.to_a
+  t1 = 1.times.to_a
+  t10 = 10.times.to_a
+  t100 = 100.times.to_a
+  kw = {kw: 2}
+benchmark:
+  bmethod_simple_0: |
+    a0
+  bmethod_simple_1: |
+    a1(1)
+  bmethod_simple_0_splat: |
+    a0(*t0)
+  bmethod_simple_1_splat: |
+    a1(*t1)
+  bmethod_no_splat: |
+    s
+  bmethod_0_splat: |
+    s(*t0)
+  bmethod_1_splat: |
+    s(*t1)
+  bmethod_10_splat: |
+    s(*t10)
+  bmethod_100_splat: |
+    s(*t100)
+  bmethod_kw: |
+    b(kw: 1)
+  bmethod_no_kw: |
+    b
+  bmethod_kw_splat: |
+    b(**kw)
+loop_count: 6000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_call_method_missing.yml b/benchmark/vm_call_method_missing.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f890796f11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_call_method_missing.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+prelude: |
+  class A0
+    def method_missing(m); m end
+  end
+  class A1
+    def method_missing(m, a) a; end
+  end
+  class S
+    def method_missing(m, *a) a; end
+  end
+  class B
+    def method_missing(m, kw: 1) kw end
+  end
+  class SB
+    def method_missing(m, *a, kw: 1) kw end
+  end
+
+  t0 = 0.times.to_a
+  t1 = 1.times.to_a
+  t10 = 10.times.to_a
+  t200 = 200.times.to_a
+  kw = {kw: 2}
+
+  a0 = A0.new
+  a1 = A1.new
+  s = S.new
+  b = B.new
+  sb = SB.new
+benchmark:
+  method_missing_simple_0: |
+    a0.()
+  method_missing_simple_1: |
+    a1.x(1)
+  method_missing_simple_0_splat: |
+    a0.(*t0)
+  method_missing_simple_1_splat: |
+    a1.(*t1)
+  method_missing_no_splat: |
+    s.()
+  method_missing_0_splat: |
+    s.(*t0)
+  method_missing_1_splat: |
+    s.(*t1)
+  method_missing_10_splat: |
+    s.(*t10)
+  method_missing_200_splat: |
+    s.(*t200)
+  method_missing_kw: |
+    b.(kw: 1)
+  method_missing_no_kw: |
+    b.()
+  method_missing_kw_splat: |
+    b.(**kw)
+  method_missing_0_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(*t0, **kw)
+  method_missing_1_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(*t1, **kw)
+  method_missing_10_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(*t10, **kw)
+  method_missing_200_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(*t200, **kw)
+loop_count: 1000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_call_send_iseq.yml b/benchmark/vm_call_send_iseq.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60ff23c475
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_call_send_iseq.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+prelude: |
+  def a0; end
+  def a1(a) a; end
+  def s(*a) a; end
+  def b(kw: 1) kw end
+  def sb(*a, kw: 1) kw end
+
+  t0 = 0.times.to_a
+  t1 = 1.times.to_a
+  t10 = 10.times.to_a
+  t200 = 200.times.to_a
+
+  a0_t0 = [:a0, *t0]
+  a1_t1 = [:a1, *t1]
+  s_t0 = [:s, *t0]
+  s_t1 = [:s, *t1]
+  s_t10 = [:s, *t10]
+  s_t200 = [:s, *t200]
+  sb_t0 = [:sb, *t0]
+  sb_t1 = [:sb, *t1]
+  sb_t10 = [:sb, *t10]
+  sb_t200 = [:sb, *t200]
+  kw = {kw: 2}
+benchmark:
+  send_simple_0: |
+    send(:a0)
+  send_simple_1: |
+    send(:a1, 1)
+  send_simple_0_splat: |
+    send(:a0, *t0)
+  send_simple_1_splat: |
+    send(:a1, *t1)
+  send_simple_0_splat_comb: |
+    send(*a0_t0)
+  send_simple_1_splat_comb: |
+    send(*a1_t1)
+  send_no_splat: |
+    send(:s)
+  send_0_splat: |
+    send(:s, *t0)
+  send_1_splat: |
+    send(:s, *t1)
+  send_10_splat: |
+    send(:s, *t10)
+  send_200_splat: |
+    send(:s, *t200)
+  send_0_splat_comb: |
+    send(*s_t0)
+  send_1_splat_comb: |
+    send(*s_t1)
+  send_10_splat_comb: |
+    send(*s_t10)
+  send_200_splat_comb: |
+    send(*s_t200)
+  send_kw: |
+    send(:b, kw: 1)
+  send_no_kw: |
+    send(:b)
+  send_kw_splat: |
+    send(:b, **kw)
+  send_0_splat_kw: |
+    send(:sb, *t0, **kw)
+  send_1_splat_kw: |
+    send(:sb, *t1, **kw)
+  send_10_splat_kw: |
+    send(:sb, *t10, **kw)
+  send_200_splat_kw: |
+    send(:sb, *t200, **kw)
+  send_0_splat_comb_kw: |
+    send(*sb_t0, **kw)
+  send_1_splat_comb_kw: |
+    send(*sb_t1, **kw)
+  send_10_splat_comb_kw: |
+    send(*sb_t10, **kw)
+  send_200_splat_comb_kw: |
+    send(*sb_t200, **kw)
+loop_count: 3000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_call_symproc.yml b/benchmark/vm_call_symproc.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16e0ac579e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_call_symproc.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+prelude: |
+  def self.a0; end
+  def self.a1(a) a; end
+  def self.s(*a) a; end
+  def self.b(kw: 1) kw end
+  def self.sb(*a, kw: 1) kw end
+
+  t0 = 0.times.to_a
+  t1 = 1.times.to_a
+  t10 = 10.times.to_a
+  t200 = 200.times.to_a
+
+  a0_t0 = [self, *t0]
+  a1_t1 = [self, *t1]
+  s_t0 = [self, *t0]
+  s_t1 = [self, *t1]
+  s_t10 = [self, *t10]
+  s_t200 = [self, *t200]
+  sb_t0 = [self, *t0]
+  sb_t1 = [self, *t1]
+  sb_t10 = [self, *t10]
+  sb_t200 = [self, *t200]
+  kw = {kw: 2}
+
+  a0 = :a0.to_proc
+  a1 = :a1.to_proc
+  s = :s.to_proc
+  b = :b.to_proc
+  sb = :sb.to_proc
+benchmark:
+  symproc_simple_0: |
+    a0.(self)
+  symproc_simple_1: |
+    a1.(self, 1)
+  symproc_simple_0_splat: |
+    a0.(self, *t0)
+  symproc_simple_1_splat: |
+    a1.(self, *t1)
+  symproc_simple_0_splat_comb: |
+    a0.(*a0_t0)
+  symproc_simple_1_splat_comb: |
+    a1.(*a1_t1)
+  symproc_no_splat: |
+    s.(self)
+  symproc_0_splat: |
+    s.(self, *t0)
+  symproc_1_splat: |
+    s.(self, *t1)
+  symproc_10_splat: |
+    s.(self, *t10)
+  symproc_200_splat: |
+    s.(self, *t200)
+  symproc_0_splat_comb: |
+    s.(*s_t0)
+  symproc_1_splat_comb: |
+    s.(*s_t1)
+  symproc_10_splat_comb: |
+    s.(*s_t10)
+  symproc_200_splat_comb: |
+    s.(*s_t200)
+  symproc_kw: |
+    b.(self, kw: 1)
+  symproc_no_kw: |
+    b.(self)
+  symproc_kw_splat: |
+    b.(self, **kw)
+  symproc_0_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(self, *t0, **kw)
+  symproc_1_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(self, *t1, **kw)
+  symproc_10_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(self, *t10, **kw)
+  symproc_200_splat_kw: |
+    sb.(self, *t200, **kw)
+  symproc_0_splat_comb_kw: |
+    sb.(*sb_t0, **kw)
+  symproc_1_splat_comb_kw: |
+    sb.(*sb_t1, **kw)
+  symproc_10_splat_comb_kw: |
+    sb.(*sb_t10, **kw)
+  symproc_200_splat_comb_kw: |
+    sb.(*sb_t200, **kw)
+loop_count: 1000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_const.yml b/benchmark/vm_const.yml
index 6064d4eed0..8939ca0cd3 100644
--- a/benchmark/vm_const.yml
+++ b/benchmark/vm_const.yml
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 prelude: |
   Const = 1
+  A = B = C = D = E = F = G = H = I = J = K = L = M = N = O = P = Q = R = S = T = U = V = W = X = Y = Z = 1
+  def foo
+    A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; V; W; X; Y; Z
+  end
 benchmark:
   vm_const: |
     j = Const
     k = Const
+  vm_const_many: |
+    foo
 loop_count: 30000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_freezeobj.yml b/benchmark/vm_freezeobj.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69a795a354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_freezeobj.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+prelude: |
+ objs = 100000.times.map { Object.new }
+benchmark:
+  vm_freeze_obj: |
+    objs.map(&:freeze)
+loop_count: 600
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_ivar_get.yml b/benchmark/vm_ivar_get.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9174af6965
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_ivar_get.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+prelude: |
+  class Example
+    def initialize
+      @v0 = 1
+      @v1 = 2
+      @v3 = 3
+      @levar = 1
+    end
+
+    def get_value_loop
+      sum = 0
+
+      i = 0
+      while i < 1000000
+        # 10 times to de-emphasize loop overhead
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        sum += @levar
+        i += 1
+      end
+
+      return sum
+    end
+  end
+
+  obj = Example.new
+benchmark:
+  vm_ivar_get: |
+    obj.get_value_loop
+loop_count: 100
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_ivar_get_unintialized.yml b/benchmark/vm_ivar_get_unintialized.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1ccfb06ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_ivar_get_unintialized.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+prelude: |
+  class Example
+    def read
+      @uninitialized
+    end
+  end
+
+  obj = Example.new
+benchmark:
+  vm_ivar_get_uninitialized: |
+    obj.read
+loop_count: 30000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_ivar_ic_miss.yml b/benchmark/vm_ivar_ic_miss.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..944fb1a9e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_ivar_ic_miss.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+prelude: |
+  class Foo
+    def initialize diverge
+      if diverge
+        @a = 1
+      end
+
+      @a0 = @a1 = @a2 = @a3 = @a4 = @a5 = @a6 = @a7 = @a8 = @a9 = @a10 = @a11 = @a12 = @a13 = @a14 = @a15 = @a16 = @a17 = @a18 = @a19 = @a20 = @a21 = @a22 = @a23 = @a24 = @a25 = @a26 = @a27 = @a28 = @a29 = @a30 = @a31 = @a32 = @a33 = @a34 = @a35 = @a36 = @a37 = @a38 = @a39 = @a40 = @a41 = @a42 = @a43 = @a44 = @a45 = @a46 = @a47 = @a48 = @a49 = @a50 = @a51 = @a52 = @a53 = @a54 = @a55 = @a56 = @a57 = @a58 = @a59 = @a60 = @a61 = @a62 = @a63 = @a64 = @a65 = @a66 = @a67 = @a68 = @a69 = @a70 = @a71 = @a72 = @a73 = @a74 = @b = 1
+    end
+
+    def b; @b; end
+  end
+
+  a = Foo.new false
+  b = Foo.new true
+benchmark:
+  vm_ivar_ic_miss: |
+    a.b
+    b.b
+loop_count: 30000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_ivar_lazy_set.yml b/benchmark/vm_ivar_lazy_set.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7372ffcfbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_ivar_lazy_set.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+prelude: |
+  class Example
+    def lazy_set
+      @uninitialized ||= 123
+    end
+  end
+
+  objs = 10000000.times.map { Example.new }
+benchmark:
+  vm_ivar_lazy_set: |
+    objs.each(&:lazy_set)
+loop_count: 1
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_ivar_memoize.yml b/benchmark/vm_ivar_memoize.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..90f6b07f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_ivar_memoize.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+prelude: |
+  IVARS = 60
+  class Record
+    def initialize(offset = false)
+      @offset = 1 if offset
+      @first = 0
+      IVARS.times do |i|
+        instance_variable_set("@ivar_#{i}", i)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def first
+      @first
+    end
+
+    def lazy_set
+      @lazy_set ||= 123
+    end
+
+    def undef
+      @undef
+    end
+  end
+
+  Record.new # Need one alloc to right size
+
+  BASE = Record.new
+  LAZY = Record.new
+  LAZY.lazy_set
+
+  class Miss < Record
+    @first = 0
+    IVARS.times do |i|
+      instance_variable_set("@i_#{i}", i)
+    end
+  end
+
+  Miss.new # Need one alloc to right size
+  MISS = Miss.new
+
+  DIVERGENT = Record.new(true)
+
+benchmark:
+  vm_ivar_stable_shape: |
+    BASE.first
+    BASE.first
+    BASE.first
+    BASE.first
+    BASE.first
+    BASE.first
+  vm_ivar_memoize_unstable_shape: |
+    BASE.first
+    LAZY.first
+    BASE.first
+    LAZY.first
+    BASE.first
+    LAZY.first
+  vm_ivar_memoize_unstable_shape_miss: |
+    BASE.first
+    MISS.first
+    BASE.first
+    MISS.first
+    BASE.first
+    MISS.first
+  vm_ivar_unstable_undef: |
+    BASE.undef
+    LAZY.undef
+    BASE.undef
+    LAZY.undef
+    BASE.undef
+    LAZY.undef
+  vm_ivar_divergent_shape: |
+    BASE.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+    BASE.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+    BASE.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+  vm_ivar_divergent_shape_imbalanced: |
+    BASE.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
+    DIVERGENT.first
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_lvar_cond_set.yml b/benchmark/vm_lvar_cond_set.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1845f9d12e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_lvar_cond_set.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+benchmark:
+  vm_lvar_cond_set: |
+    a ||= 1
+    b ||= 1
+    c ||= 1
+    d ||= 1
+    nil
+loop_count: 30000000
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_method_splat_calls.yml b/benchmark/vm_method_splat_calls.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2f366e99c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/vm_method_splat_calls.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+prelude: |
+  def f(x=0, y: 0) end
+  a = [1]
+  ea = []
+  kw = {y: 1}
+  b = lambda{}
+benchmark:
+  arg_splat: "f(1, *ea)"
+  arg_splat_block: "f(1, *ea, &b)"
+  splat_kw_splat: "f(*a, **kw)"
+  splat_kw_splat_block: "f(*a, **kw, &b)"
+  splat_kw: "f(*a, y: 1)"
+  splat_kw_block: "f(*a, y: 1, &b)"
diff --git a/benchmark/vm_send_cfunc.yml b/benchmark/vm_send_cfunc.yml
index b114ac317d..6f12b65176 100644
--- a/benchmark/vm_send_cfunc.yml
+++ b/benchmark/vm_send_cfunc.yml
@@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
+prelude: |
+  ary = []
+  kw = {a: 1}
+  empty_kw = {}
+  kw_ary = [Hash.ruby2_keywords_hash(a: 1)]
+  empty_kw_ary = [Hash.ruby2_keywords_hash({})]
 benchmark:
-  vm_send_cfunc: self.class
-loop_count: 100000000
+  vm_send_cfunc: itself
+  vm_send_cfunc_splat: itself(*ary)
+  vm_send_cfunc_splat_kw_hash: equal?(*kw_ary)
+  vm_send_cfunc_splat_empty_kw_hash: itself(*empty_kw_ary)
+  vm_send_cfunc_splat_kw: equal?(*ary, **kw)
+  vm_send_cfunc_splat_empty_kw: itself(*ary, **empty_kw)
+loop_count: 20000000
diff --git a/bignum.c b/bignum.c
index 9901a807b1..e9bf37d206 100644
--- a/bignum.c
+++ b/bignum.c
@@ -48,6 +48,14 @@
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 #include "ruby_assert.h"
 
+static const bool debug_integer_pack = (
+#ifdef DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK
+    DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK+0
+#else
+    RUBY_DEBUG
+#endif
+    ) != 0;
+
 const char ruby_digitmap[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
 
 #ifndef SIZEOF_BDIGIT_DBL
@@ -977,7 +985,7 @@ integer_unpack_num_bdigits_small(size_t numwords, size_t wordsize, size_t nails,
 {
     /* nlp_bits stands for number of leading padding bits */
     size_t num_bits = (wordsize * CHAR_BIT - nails) * numwords;
-    size_t num_bdigits = (num_bits + BITSPERDIG - 1) / BITSPERDIG;
+    size_t num_bdigits = roomof(num_bits, BITSPERDIG);
     *nlp_bits_ret = (int)(num_bdigits * BITSPERDIG - num_bits);
     return num_bdigits;
 }
@@ -987,7 +995,7 @@ integer_unpack_num_bdigits_generic(size_t numwords, size_t wordsize, size_t nail
 {
     /* BITSPERDIG = SIZEOF_BDIGIT * CHAR_BIT */
     /* num_bits = (wordsize * CHAR_BIT - nails) * numwords */
-    /* num_bdigits = (num_bits + BITSPERDIG - 1) / BITSPERDIG */
+    /* num_bdigits = roomof(num_bits, BITSPERDIG) */
 
     /* num_bits = CHAR_BIT * (wordsize * numwords) - nails * numwords = CHAR_BIT * num_bytes1 - nails * numwords */
     size_t num_bytes1 = wordsize * numwords;
@@ -1049,15 +1057,13 @@ integer_unpack_num_bdigits(size_t numwords, size_t wordsize, size_t nails, int *
 
     if (numwords <= (SIZE_MAX - (BITSPERDIG-1)) / CHAR_BIT / wordsize) {
         num_bdigits = integer_unpack_num_bdigits_small(numwords, wordsize, nails, nlp_bits_ret);
-#ifdef DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK
-        {
+        if (debug_integer_pack) {
             int nlp_bits1;
             size_t num_bdigits1 = integer_unpack_num_bdigits_generic(numwords, wordsize, nails, &nlp_bits1);
             assert(num_bdigits == num_bdigits1);
             assert(*nlp_bits_ret == nlp_bits1);
             (void)num_bdigits1;
         }
-#endif
     }
     else {
         num_bdigits = integer_unpack_num_bdigits_generic(numwords, wordsize, nails, nlp_bits_ret);
@@ -3023,7 +3029,8 @@ rb_big_resize(VALUE big, size_t len)
 static VALUE
 bignew_1(VALUE klass, size_t len, int sign)
 {
-    NEWOBJ_OF(big, struct RBignum, klass, T_BIGNUM | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0));
+    NEWOBJ_OF(big, struct RBignum, klass,
+            T_BIGNUM | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0), sizeof(struct RBignum), 0);
     VALUE bigv = (VALUE)big;
     BIGNUM_SET_SIGN(bigv, sign);
     if (len <= BIGNUM_EMBED_LEN_MAX) {
@@ -3422,15 +3429,13 @@ rb_absint_numwords(VALUE val, size_t word_numbits, size_t *nlz_bits_ret)
 
     if (numbytes <= SIZE_MAX / CHAR_BIT) {
         numwords = absint_numwords_small(numbytes, nlz_bits_in_msbyte, word_numbits, &nlz_bits);
-#ifdef DEBUG_INTEGER_PACK
-        {
+        if (debug_integer_pack) {
             size_t numwords0, nlz_bits0;
             numwords0 = absint_numwords_generic(numbytes, nlz_bits_in_msbyte, word_numbits, &nlz_bits0);
             assert(numwords0 == numwords);
             assert(nlz_bits0 == nlz_bits);
             (void)numwords0;
         }
-#endif
     }
     else {
         numwords = absint_numwords_generic(numbytes, nlz_bits_in_msbyte, word_numbits, &nlz_bits);
@@ -4184,7 +4189,6 @@ rb_int_parse_cstr(const char *str, ssize_t len, char **endp, size_t *ndigits,
         }
         if (!c || ISSPACE(c)) --str;
         if (end) len = end - str;
-        ASSERT_LEN();
     }
     c = *str;
     c = conv_digit(c);
@@ -4542,7 +4546,7 @@ rb_uint128t2big(uint128_t n)
     return big;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_int128t2big(int128_t n)
 {
     int neg = 0;
@@ -4587,11 +4591,14 @@ big_shift3(VALUE x, int lshift_p, size_t shift_numdigits, int shift_numbits)
 
     if (lshift_p) {
         if (LONG_MAX < shift_numdigits) {
-            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "too big number");
+          too_big:
+            rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "shift width too big");
         }
         s1 = shift_numdigits;
         s2 = shift_numbits;
+        if ((size_t)s1 != shift_numdigits) goto too_big;
         xn = BIGNUM_LEN(x);
+        if (LONG_MAX/SIZEOF_BDIGIT <= xn+s1) goto too_big;
         z = bignew(xn+s1+1, BIGNUM_SIGN(x));
         zds = BDIGITS(z);
         BDIGITS_ZERO(zds, s1);
diff --git a/bin/gem b/bin/gem
index 1c16ea7ddd..3ac1d9e623 100755
--- a/bin/gem
+++ b/bin/gem
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
diff --git a/bootstraptest/runner.rb b/bootstraptest/runner.rb
index 3d42390254..a34527d2fa 100755
--- a/bootstraptest/runner.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/runner.rb
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ if !Dir.respond_to?(:mktmpdir)
 end
 
 # Configuration
-BT = Struct.new(:ruby,
+bt = Struct.new(:ruby,
                 :verbose,
                 :color,
                 :tty,
@@ -73,9 +73,78 @@ BT = Struct.new(:ruby,
                 :failed,
                 :reset,
                 :columns,
+                :window_width,
                 :width,
+                :indent,
                 :platform,
-                ).new
+                )
+BT = Class.new(bt) do
+  def indent=(n)
+    super
+    if (self.columns ||= 0) < n
+      $stderr.print(' ' * (n - self.columns))
+    end
+    self.columns = indent
+  end
+
+  def putc(c)
+    unless self.quiet
+      if self.window_width == nil
+        unless w = ENV["COLUMNS"] and (w = w.to_i) > 0
+          w = 80
+        end
+        w -= 1
+        self.window_width = w
+      end
+      if self.window_width and self.columns >= self.window_width
+        $stderr.print "\n", " " * (self.indent ||= 0)
+        self.columns = indent
+      end
+      $stderr.print c
+      $stderr.flush
+      self.columns += 1
+    end
+  end
+
+  def wn=(wn)
+    unless wn == 1
+      if /(?:\A|\s)--jobserver-(?:auth|fds)=(?:(\d+),(\d+)|fifo:((?:\\.|\S)+))/ =~ ENV.delete("MAKEFLAGS")
+        begin
+          if fifo = $3
+            fifo.gsub!(/\\(?=.)/, '')
+            r = File.open(fifo, IO::RDONLY|IO::NONBLOCK|IO::BINARY)
+            w = File.open(fifo, IO::WRONLY|IO::NONBLOCK|IO::BINARY)
+          else
+            r = IO.for_fd($1.to_i(10), "rb", autoclose: false)
+            w = IO.for_fd($2.to_i(10), "wb", autoclose: false)
+          end
+        rescue
+          r.close if r
+        else
+          r.close_on_exec = true
+          w.close_on_exec = true
+          tokens = r.read_nonblock(wn > 0 ? wn : 1024, exception: false)
+          r.close
+          if String === tokens
+            tokens.freeze
+            auth = w
+            w = nil
+            at_exit {auth << tokens; auth.close}
+            wn = tokens.size + 1
+          else
+            w.close
+            wn = 1
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      if wn <= 0
+        require 'etc'
+        wn = [Etc.nprocessors / 2, 1].max
+      end
+    end
+    super wn
+  end
+end.new
 
 BT_STATE = Struct.new(:count, :error).new
 
@@ -87,7 +156,7 @@ def main
   BT.color = nil
   BT.tty = nil
   BT.quiet = false
-  BT.wn = 1
+  # BT.wn = 1
   dir = nil
   quiet = false
   tests = nil
@@ -122,12 +191,7 @@ def main
       BT.quiet = true
       true
     when /\A-j(\d+)?/
-      wn = $1.to_i
-      if wn <= 0
-        require 'etc'
-        wn = [Etc.nprocessors / 2, 1].max
-      end
-      BT.wn = wn
+      BT.wn = $1.to_i
       true
     when /\A(-v|--v(erbose))\z/
       BT.verbose = true
@@ -154,8 +218,7 @@ End
     end
   }
   if tests and not ARGV.empty?
-    $stderr.puts "--tests and arguments are exclusive"
-    exit false
+    abort "--sets and arguments are exclusive"
   end
   tests ||= ARGV
   tests = Dir.glob("#{File.dirname($0)}/test_*.rb").sort if tests.empty?
@@ -164,6 +227,7 @@ End
   BT.progress = %w[- \\ | /]
   BT.progress_bs = "\b" * BT.progress[0].size
   BT.tty = $stderr.tty? if BT.tty.nil?
+  BT.wn ||= /-j(\d+)?/ =~ (ENV["MAKEFLAGS"] || ENV["MFLAGS"]) ? $1.to_i : 1
 
   case BT.color
   when nil
@@ -241,7 +305,7 @@ def concurrent_exec_test
     end
   end
 
-  $stderr.print ' ' unless BT.quiet
+  BT.indent = 1
   aq.close
   i = 1
   term_wn = 0
@@ -253,7 +317,7 @@ def concurrent_exec_test
         when BT.tty
           $stderr.print "#{BT.progress_bs}#{BT.progress[(i+=1) % BT.progress.size]}"
         else
-          $stderr.print '.'
+          BT.putc '.'
         end
       else
         term_wn += 1
@@ -275,7 +339,7 @@ def exec_test(pathes)
 
   # execute tests
   if BT.wn > 1
-    concurrent_exec_test if BT.wn > 1
+    concurrent_exec_test
   else
     prev_basename = nil
     Assertion.all.each do |basename, assertions|
@@ -428,7 +492,7 @@ class Assertion < Struct.new(:src, :path, :lineno, :proc)
       elsif BT.verbose
         $stderr.printf(". %.3f\n", t)
       else
-        $stderr.print '.'
+        BT.putc '.'
       end
     else
       $stderr.print "#{BT.failed}F"
@@ -488,8 +552,13 @@ class Assertion < Struct.new(:src, :path, :lineno, :proc)
     filename = "bootstraptest.#{self.path}_#{self.lineno}_#{self.id}.rb"
     File.open(filename, 'w') {|f|
       f.puts "#frozen_string_literal:true" if frozen_string_literal
-      f.puts "GC.stress = true" if $stress
-      f.puts "print(begin; #{self.src}; end)"
+      if $stress
+        f.puts "GC.stress = true" if $stress
+      else
+        f.puts ""
+      end
+      f.puts "class BT_Skip < Exception; end; def skip(msg) = raise(BT_Skip, msg.to_s)"
+      f.puts "print(begin; #{self.src}; rescue BT_Skip; $!.message; end)"
     }
     filename
   end
@@ -605,7 +674,7 @@ end
 
 def assert_finish(timeout_seconds, testsrc, message = '')
   add_assertion testsrc, -> as do
-    if defined?(RubyVM::MJIT) && RubyVM::MJIT.enabled? # for --jit-wait
+    if defined?(RubyVM::RJIT) && RubyVM::RJIT.enabled? # for --jit-wait
       timeout_seconds *= 3
     end
 
@@ -720,4 +789,9 @@ def check_coredump
   end
 end
 
+def rjit_enabled?
+  # Don't check `RubyVM::RJIT.enabled?`. On btest-bruby, target Ruby != runner Ruby.
+  ENV.fetch('RUN_OPTS', '').include?('rjit')
+end
+
 exit main
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_attr.rb b/bootstraptest/test_attr.rb
index 721a847145..3cb9d3eb39 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_attr.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_attr.rb
@@ -34,3 +34,19 @@ assert_equal %{ok}, %{
     print "ok"
   end
 }, '[ruby-core:15120]'
+
+assert_equal %{ok}, %{
+  class Big
+    attr_reader :foo
+    def initialize
+      @foo = "ok"
+    end
+  end
+
+  obj = Big.new
+  100.times do |i|
+    obj.instance_variable_set(:"@ivar_\#{i}", i)
+  end
+
+  Big.new.foo
+}
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_eval.rb b/bootstraptest/test_eval.rb
index a9f389c673..47e2924846 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_eval.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_eval.rb
@@ -227,6 +227,16 @@ assert_equal %q{[10, main]}, %q{
   }, '[ruby-dev:31372]'
 end
 
+assert_normal_exit %{
+  $stderr = STDOUT
+  5000.times do
+    begin
+      eval "0 rescue break"
+    rescue SyntaxError
+    end
+  end
+}
+
 assert_normal_exit %q{
   $stderr = STDOUT
   class Foo
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_gc.rb b/bootstraptest/test_gc.rb
index eb68c9845e..17bc497822 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_gc.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_gc.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ms = "a".."k"
     o.send(meth)
   end
 end
-}, '[ruby-dev:39453]'
+}, '[ruby-dev:39453]' unless rjit_enabled? # speed up RJIT CI
 
 assert_normal_exit %q{
 a = []
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_insns.rb b/bootstraptest/test_insns.rb
index 91fba9b011..d2e799f855 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_insns.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_insns.rb
@@ -214,9 +214,11 @@ tests = [
     'true'.freeze
   },
 
-  [ 'opt_newarray_max', %q{ [ ].max.nil? }, ],
-  [ 'opt_newarray_max', %q{ [1, x = 2, 3].max == 3 }, ],
-  [ 'opt_newarray_max', <<-'},', ], # {
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', %q{ ![ ].hash.nil? }, ],
+
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', %q{ [ ].max.nil? }, ],
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', %q{ [1, x = 2, 3].max == 3 }, ],
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', <<-'},', ], # {
     class Array
       def max
         true
@@ -224,9 +226,9 @@ tests = [
     end
     [1, x = 2, 3].max
   },
-  [ 'opt_newarray_min', %q{ [ ].min.nil? }, ],
-  [ 'opt_newarray_min', %q{ [3, x = 2, 1].min == 1 }, ],
-  [ 'opt_newarray_min', <<-'},', ], # {
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', %q{ [ ].min.nil? }, ],
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', %q{ [3, x = 2, 1].min == 1 }, ],
+  [ 'opt_newarray_send', <<-'},', ], # {
     class Array
       def min
         true
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_io.rb b/bootstraptest/test_io.rb
index ff26497696..666e5a011b 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_io.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_io.rb
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ assert_finish 10, %q{
   end
 }, '[ruby-dev:32566]'
 
+/freebsd/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM or
 assert_finish 5, %q{
   r, w = IO.pipe
   Thread.new {
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_load.rb b/bootstraptest/test_load.rb
index e63c93a8f4..3253582a32 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_load.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_load.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ assert_equal 'ok', %q{
     }
   }.map {|t| t.value }
   vs[0] == M && vs[1] == M ? :ok : :ng
-}, '[ruby-dev:32048]'
+}, '[ruby-dev:32048]' unless ENV.fetch('RUN_OPTS', '').include?('rjit') # Thread seems to be switching during JIT. To be fixed later.
 
 assert_equal 'ok', %q{
   %w[a a/foo b].each {|d| Dir.mkdir(d)}
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_method.rb b/bootstraptest/test_method.rb
index 04c9eb2d11..964bf39d98 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_method.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_method.rb
@@ -1190,3 +1190,12 @@ assert_equal 'DC', %q{
   test2 o1, [], block
   $result.join
 }
+
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  def foo
+    binding
+    ["ok"].first
+  end
+  foo
+  foo
+}, '[Bug #20178]'
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_ractor.rb b/bootstraptest/test_ractor.rb
index b29db7ab0e..4383795dc1 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_ractor.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_ractor.rb
@@ -283,8 +283,7 @@ assert_equal 30.times.map { 'ok' }.to_s, %q{
   30.times.map{|i|
     test i
   }
-} unless ENV['RUN_OPTS'] =~ /--jit-min-calls=5/ || # This always fails with --jit-wait --jit-min-calls=5
-  (ENV.key?('TRAVIS') && ENV['TRAVIS_CPU_ARCH'] == 'arm64') # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17878
+} unless (ENV.key?('TRAVIS') && ENV['TRAVIS_CPU_ARCH'] == 'arm64') # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17878
 
 # Exception for empty select
 assert_match /specify at least one ractor/, %q{
@@ -501,7 +500,7 @@ assert_equal '[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]', %q{
     rs.delete r
     n
   }.sort
-}
+} unless /mswin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM # randomly hangs on mswin https://github.com/ruby/ruby/actions/runs/3753871445/jobs/6377551069#step:20:131
 
 # Ractor.select also support multiple take, receive and yield
 assert_equal '[true, true, true]', %q{
@@ -515,9 +514,9 @@ assert_equal '[true, true, true]', %q{
     end
   }
   received = []
-  take = []
+  taken = []
   yielded = []
-  until rs.empty?
+  until received.size == RN && taken.size == RN && yielded.size == RN
     r, v = Ractor.select(CR, *rs, yield_value: 'yield')
     case r
     when :receive
@@ -525,11 +524,17 @@ assert_equal '[true, true, true]', %q{
     when :yield
       yielded << v
     else
-      take << v
+      taken << v
       rs.delete r
     end
   end
-  [received.all?('sendyield'), yielded.all?(nil), take.all?('take')]
+  r = [received == ['sendyield'] * RN,
+       yielded  == [nil] * RN,
+       taken    == ['take'] * RN,
+  ]
+
+  STDERR.puts [received, yielded, taken].inspect
+  r
 }
 
 # multiple Ractors can send to one Ractor
@@ -1396,7 +1401,7 @@ assert_equal '[false, false, true, true]', %q{
 }
 
 # TracePoint with normal Proc should be Ractor local
-assert_equal '[4, 8]', %q{
+assert_equal '[6, 10]', %q{
   rs = []
   TracePoint.new(:line){|tp| rs << tp.lineno if tp.path == __FILE__}.enable do
     Ractor.new{ # line 4
@@ -1471,21 +1476,6 @@ assert_equal "#{N}#{N}", %Q{
   }.map{|r| r.take}.join
 }
 
-# enc_table
-assert_equal "#{N/10}", %Q{
-  Ractor.new do
-    loop do
-      Encoding.find("test-enc-#{rand(5_000)}").inspect
-    rescue ArgumentError => e
-    end
-  end
-
-  src = Encoding.find("UTF-8")
-  #{N/10}.times{|i|
-    src.replicate("test-enc-\#{i}")
-  }
-}
-
 # Generic ivtbl
 n = N/2
 assert_equal "#{n}#{n}", %Q{
@@ -1504,8 +1494,9 @@ assert_equal "#{n}#{n}", %Q{
 
 # NameError
 assert_equal "ok", %q{
+  obj = "".freeze # NameError refers the receiver indirectly
   begin
-    bar
+    obj.bar
   rescue => err
   end
   begin
@@ -1541,7 +1532,7 @@ assert_equal "ok", %q{
 
   1_000.times { idle_worker, tmp_reporter = Ractor.select(*workers) }
   "ok"
-}
+} unless ENV['RUN_OPTS'] =~ /rjit/ # flaky
 
 assert_equal "ok", %q{
   def foo(*); ->{ super }; end
@@ -1579,4 +1570,206 @@ assert_equal "ok", %q{
   end
 }
 
+# check method cache invalidation
+assert_equal "ok", %q{
+  module M
+    def foo
+      @foo
+    end
+  end
+
+  class A
+    include M
+
+    def initialize
+      100.times { |i| instance_variable_set(:"@var_#{i}", "bad: #{i}") }
+      @foo = 2
+    end
+  end
+
+  class B
+    include M
+
+    def initialize
+      @foo = 1
+    end
+  end
+
+  Ractor.new do
+    b = B.new
+    100_000.times do
+      raise unless b.foo == 1
+    end
+  end
+
+  a = A.new
+  100_000.times do
+    raise unless a.foo == 2
+  end
+
+  "ok"
+}
+
+# check method cache invalidation
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  class C1; def self.foo = 1; end
+  class C2; def self.foo = 2; end
+  class C3; def self.foo = 3; end
+  class C4; def self.foo = 5; end
+  class C5; def self.foo = 7; end
+  class C6; def self.foo = 11; end
+  class C7; def self.foo = 13; end
+  class C8; def self.foo = 17; end
+
+  LN = 10_000
+  RN = 10
+  CS = [C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8]
+  rs = RN.times.map{|i|
+    Ractor.new(CS.shuffle){|cs|
+      LN.times.sum{
+        cs.inject(1){|r, c| r * c.foo} # c.foo invalidates method cache entry
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  n = CS.inject(1){|r, c| r * c.foo} * LN
+  rs.map{|r| r.take} == Array.new(RN){n}
+}
+
+# check experimental warning
+assert_match /\Atest_ractor\.rb:1:\s+warning:\s+Ractor is experimental/, %q{
+  Warning[:experimental] = $VERBOSE = true
+  STDERR.reopen(STDOUT)
+  eval("Ractor.new{}.take", nil, "test_ractor.rb", 1)
+}
+
+# check moved object
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  r = Ractor.new do
+    Ractor.receive
+    GC.start
+    :ok
+  end
+
+  obj = begin
+  raise
+  rescue => e
+    e = Marshal.load(Marshal.dump(e))
+  end
+
+  r.send obj, move: true
+  r.take
+}
+
+## Ractor::Selector
+
+# Selector#empty? returns true
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  skip true unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new
+  s.empty?
+}
+
+# Selector#empty? returns false if there is target ractors
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  skip false unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new
+  s.add Ractor.new{}
+  s.empty?
+}
+
+# Selector#clear removes all ractors from the waiting list
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  skip true unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new
+  s.add Ractor.new{10}
+  s.add Ractor.new{20}
+  s.clear
+  s.empty?
+}
+
+# Selector#wait can wait multiple ractors
+assert_equal '[10, 20, true]', %q{
+  skip [10, 20, true] unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new
+  s.add Ractor.new{10}
+  s.add Ractor.new{20}
+  r, v = s.wait
+  vs = []
+  vs << v
+  r, v = s.wait
+  vs << v
+  [*vs.sort, s.empty?]
+} if defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+# Selector#wait can wait multiple ractors with receiving.
+assert_equal '30', %q{
+  skip 30 unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  RN = 30
+  rs = RN.times.map{
+    Ractor.new{ :v }
+  }
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new(*rs)
+
+  results = []
+  until s.empty?
+    results << s.wait
+
+    # Note that s.wait can raise an exception because other Ractors/Threads
+    # can take from the same ractors in the waiting set.
+    # In this case there is no other takers so `s.wait` doesn't raise an error.
+  end
+
+  results.size
+} if defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+# Selector#wait can support dynamic addition
+yjit_enabled = ENV.key?('RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE') || ENV.fetch('RUN_OPTS', '').include?('yjit') || BT.ruby.include?('yjit')
+assert_equal '600', %q{
+  skip 600 unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  RN = 100
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new
+  rs = RN.times.map{
+    Ractor.new{
+      Ractor.main << Ractor.new{ Ractor.yield :v3; :v4 }
+      Ractor.main << Ractor.new{ Ractor.yield :v5; :v6 }
+      Ractor.yield :v1
+      :v2
+    }
+  }
+
+  rs.each{|r| s.add(r)}
+  h = {v1: 0, v2: 0, v3: 0, v4: 0, v5: 0, v6: 0}
+
+  loop do
+    case s.wait receive: true
+    in :receive, r
+      s.add r
+    in r, v
+      h[v] += 1
+      break if h.all?{|k, v| v == RN}
+    end
+  end
+
+  h.sum{|k, v| v}
+} unless yjit_enabled # http://ci.rvm.jp/results/trunk-yjit@ruby-sp2-docker/4466770
+
+# Selector should be GCed (free'ed) without trouble
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  skip :ok unless defined? Ractor::Selector
+
+  RN = 30
+  rs = RN.times.map{
+    Ractor.new{ :v }
+  }
+  s = Ractor::Selector.new(*rs)
+  :ok
+}
+
 end # if !ENV['GITHUB_WORKFLOW']
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_rjit.rb b/bootstraptest/test_rjit.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e123f35160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_rjit.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# VM_CALL_OPT_SEND + VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  class Foo
+    attr_writer :foo
+
+    def bar
+      send(:foo=, 1)
+    end
+  end
+
+  Foo.new.bar
+}
+
+# VM_CALL_OPT_SEND + OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_CALL
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+  def bar(&foo)
+    foo.send(:call)
+  end
+
+  bar { :foo }
+}
+
+# VM_CALL_OPT_SEND + OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_STRUCT_AREF
+assert_equal 'bar', %q{
+  def bar(foo)
+    foo.send(:bar)
+  end
+
+  bar(Struct.new(:bar).new(:bar))
+}
+
+# kwargs default w/ checkkeyword + locals (which shouldn't overwrite unspecified_bits)
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  def foo(bar: 1.to_s)
+    _ = 1
+    bar
+  end
+
+  def entry
+    foo
+  end
+
+  entry
+}
+
+# Updating local type in Context
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  def foo(flag, object)
+    klass = if flag
+      object
+    end
+    klass ||= object
+    return klass.new
+  end
+
+  foo(false, Object)
+  foo(true, Object)
+}
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_syntax.rb b/bootstraptest/test_syntax.rb
index 948e2d7809..59fdae651f 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_syntax.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_syntax.rb
@@ -535,8 +535,8 @@ assert_syntax_error "unterminated string meets end of file", '().."', '[ruby-dev
 assert_equal %q{[]}, %q{$&;[]}, '[ruby-dev:31068]'
 assert_syntax_error "syntax error, unexpected *, expecting '}'", %q{{*0}}, '[ruby-dev:31072]'
 assert_syntax_error "`@0' is not allowed as an instance variable name", %q{@0..0}, '[ruby-dev:31095]'
-assert_syntax_error "identifier $00 is not valid to get", %q{$00..0}, '[ruby-dev:31100]'
-assert_syntax_error "identifier $00 is not valid to set", %q{0..$00=1}
+assert_syntax_error "`$00' is not allowed as a global variable name", %q{$00..0}, '[ruby-dev:31100]'
+assert_syntax_error "`$00' is not allowed as a global variable name", %q{0..$00=1}
 assert_equal %q{0}, %q{[*0];0}, '[ruby-dev:31102]'
 assert_syntax_error "syntax error, unexpected ')'", %q{v0,(*,v1,) = 0}, '[ruby-dev:31104]'
 assert_equal %q{1}, %q{
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_thread.rb b/bootstraptest/test_thread.rb
index 5361828403..a4d46e2f10 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_thread.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_thread.rb
@@ -242,6 +242,20 @@ assert_equal 'true', %{
   end
 }
 
+assert_equal 'true', %{
+  Thread.new{}.join
+  begin
+    Process.waitpid2 fork{
+      Thread.new{
+        sleep 0.1
+      }.join
+    }
+    true
+  rescue NotImplementedError
+    true
+  end
+}
+
 assert_equal 'ok', %{
   open("zzz_t1.rb", "w") do |f|
     f.puts <<-END
@@ -289,7 +303,7 @@ assert_normal_exit %q{
   }.each {|t|
     t.join
   }
-}
+} unless rjit_enabled? # flaky
 
 assert_equal 'ok', %q{
   def m
@@ -483,7 +497,7 @@ assert_equal 'foo', %q{
   [th1, th2].each {|t| t.join }
   GC.start
   f.call.source
-}
+} unless rjit_enabled? # flaky
 assert_normal_exit %q{
   class C
     def inspect
diff --git a/bootstraptest/test_yjit.rb b/bootstraptest/test_yjit.rb
index 966a5f3002..c0f382fc37 100644
--- a/bootstraptest/test_yjit.rb
+++ b/bootstraptest/test_yjit.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,216 @@
+# regression test for send stack shifting
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  def foo(a, b)
+    a.singleton_methods(b)
+  end
+
+  def call_foo
+    [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, send(:foo, 1, 1)]
+  end
+
+  call_foo
+}
+
+# regression test for arity check with splat
+assert_equal '[:ae, :ae]', %q{
+  def req_one(a_, b_ = 1) = raise
+
+  def test(args)
+    req_one *args
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    :ae
+  end
+
+  [test(Array.new 5), test([])]
+} unless rjit_enabled? # Not yet working on RJIT
+
+# regression test for arity check with splat and send
+assert_equal '[:ae, :ae]', %q{
+  def two_reqs(a, b_, _ = 1) = a.gsub(a, a)
+
+  def test(name, args)
+    send(name, *args)
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    :ae
+  end
+
+  [test(:two_reqs, ["g", nil, nil, nil]), test(:two_reqs, ["g"])]
+}
+
+# regression test for GC marking stubs in invalidated code
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  garbage = Array.new(10_000) { [] } # create garbage to cause iseq movement
+  eval(<<~RUBY)
+  def foo(n, garbage)
+    if n == 2
+      # 1.times.each to create a cfunc frame to preserve the JIT frame
+      # which will return to a stub housed in an invalidated block
+      return 1.times.each do
+        Object.define_method(:foo) {}
+        garbage.clear
+        GC.verify_compaction_references(toward: :empty, expand_heap: true)
+      end
+    end
+
+    foo(n + 1, garbage)
+  end
+  RUBY
+
+  foo(1, garbage)
+}
+
+# regression test for callee block handler overlapping with arguments
+assert_equal '3', %q{
+  def foo(_req, *args) = args.last
+
+  def call_foo = foo(0, 1, 2, 3, &->{})
+
+  call_foo
+}
+
+# call leaf builtin with a block argument
+assert_equal '0', "0.abs(&nil)"
+
+# regression test for invokeblock iseq guard
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  return :ok unless defined?(GC.compact)
+  def foo = yield
+  10.times do |i|
+    ret = eval("foo { #{i} }")
+    raise "failed at #{i}" unless ret == i
+    GC.compact
+  end
+  :ok
+} unless rjit_enabled? # Not yet working on RJIT
+
+# regression test for overly generous guard elision
+assert_equal '[0, :sum, 0, :sum]', %q{
+  # In faulty versions, the following happens:
+  #  1. YJIT puts object on the temp stack with type knowledge
+  #     (CArray or CString) about RBASIC_CLASS(object).
+  #  2. In iter=0, due to the type knowledge, YJIT generates
+  #     a call to sum() without any guard on RBASIC_CLASS(object).
+  #  3. In iter=1, a singleton class is added to the object,
+  #     changing RBASIC_CLASS(object), falsifying the type knowledge.
+  #  4. Because the code from (1) has no class guard, it is incorrectly
+  #     reused and the wrong method is invoked.
+  # Putting a literal is important for gaining type knowledge.
+  def carray(iter)
+    array = []
+    array.sum(iter.times { def array.sum(_) = :sum })
+  end
+
+  def cstring(iter)
+    string = ""
+    string.sum(iter.times { def string.sum(_) = :sum })
+  end
+
+  [carray(0), carray(1), cstring(0), cstring(1)]
+}
+
+# regression test for return type of Integer#/
+# It can return a T_BIGNUM when inputs are T_FIXNUM.
+assert_equal 0x3fffffffffffffff.to_s, %q{
+  def call(fixnum_min)
+    (fixnum_min / -1) - 1
+  end
+
+  call(-(2**62))
+}
+
+# regression test for return type of String#<<
+assert_equal 'Sub', %q{
+  def call(sub) = (sub << sub).itself
+
+  class Sub < String; end
+
+  call(Sub.new('o')).class
+}
+
+# test splat filling required and feeding rest
+assert_equal '[0, 1, 2, [3, 4]]', %q{
+  public def lead_rest(a, b, *rest)
+    [self, a, b, rest]
+  end
+
+  def call(args) = 0.lead_rest(*args)
+
+  call([1, 2, 3, 4])
+}
+
+# test missing opts are nil initialized
+assert_equal '[[0, 1, nil, 3], [0, 1, nil, 3], [0, 1, nil, 3, []], [0, 1, nil, 3, []]]', %q{
+  public def lead_opts(a, b=binding.local_variable_get(:c), c=3)
+    [self, a, b, c]
+  end
+
+  public def opts_rest(a=raise, b=binding.local_variable_get(:c), c=3, *rest)
+    [self, a, b, c, rest]
+  end
+
+  def call(args)
+    [
+      0.lead_opts(1),
+      0.lead_opts(*args),
+
+      0.opts_rest(1),
+      0.opts_rest(*args),
+    ]
+  end
+
+  call([1])
+}
+
+# test filled optionals with unspecified keyword param
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  def opt_rest_opt_kw(_=1, *, k: :ok) = k
+
+  def call = opt_rest_opt_kw(0)
+
+  call
+}
+
+# test splat empty array with rest param
+assert_equal '[0, 1, 2, []]', %q{
+  public def foo(a=1, b=2, *rest)
+    [self, a, b, rest]
+  end
+
+  def call(args) = 0.foo(*args)
+
+  call([])
+}
+
+# Regression test for yielding with autosplat to block with
+# optional parameters. https://github.com/Shopify/yjit/issues/313
+assert_equal '[:a, :b, :a, :b]', %q{
+  def yielder(arg) = yield(arg) + yield(arg)
+
+  yielder([:a, :b]) do |c = :c, d = :d|
+    [c, d]
+  end
+}
+
+# Regression test for GC mishap while doing shape transition
+assert_equal '[:ok]', %q{
+  # [Bug #19601]
+  class RegressionTest
+    def initialize
+      @a = @b = @fourth_ivar_does_shape_transition = nil
+    end
+
+    def extender
+      @first_extended_ivar = [:ok]
+    end
+  end
+
+  GC.stress = true
+
+  # Used to crash due to GC run in rb_ensure_iv_list_size()
+  # not marking the newly allocated [:ok].
+  RegressionTest.new.extender.itself
+} unless rjit_enabled? # Skip on RJIT since this uncovers a crash
+
 assert_equal 'true', %q{
   # regression test for tracking type of locals for too long
   def local_setting_cmp(five)
@@ -45,6 +258,29 @@ assert_normal_exit %q{
   Object.send(:remove_const, :Foo)
 }
 
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  # Test to ensure send on overridden c functions
+  # doesn't corrupt the stack
+  class Bar
+    def bar(x)
+      x
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Foo
+    def bar
+      Bar.new
+    end
+  end
+
+  foo = Foo.new
+  # before this change, this line would error
+  # because "s" would still be on the stack
+  # String.to_s is the overridden method here
+  p foo.bar.bar("s".__send__(:to_s))
+}
+
+
 assert_equal '[nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil]', %q{
   [NilClass, TrueClass, FalseClass, Integer, Float, Symbol].each do |klass|
     klass.class_eval("def foo = @foo")
@@ -56,6 +292,80 @@ assert_equal '[nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil]', %q{
   end
 }
 
+assert_equal '[nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil]', %q{
+  # Tests defined? on non-heap objects
+  [NilClass, TrueClass, FalseClass, Integer, Float, Symbol].each do |klass|
+    klass.class_eval("def foo = defined?(@foo)")
+  end
+
+  [nil, true, false, 0xFABCAFE, 0.42, :cake].map do |instance|
+    instance.foo
+    instance.foo
+  end
+}
+
+assert_equal '[nil, "instance-variable", nil, "instance-variable"]', %q{
+  # defined? on object that changes shape between calls
+  class Foo
+    def foo
+      defined?(@foo)
+    end
+
+    def add
+      @foo = 1
+    end
+
+    def remove
+      self.remove_instance_variable(:@foo)
+    end
+  end
+
+  obj = Foo.new
+  [obj.foo, (obj.add; obj.foo), (obj.remove; obj.foo), (obj.add; obj.foo)]
+}
+
+assert_equal '["instance-variable", 5]', %q{
+  # defined? on object too complex for shape information
+  class Foo
+    def initialize
+      100.times { |i| instance_variable_set("@foo#{i}", i) }
+    end
+
+    def foo
+      [defined?(@foo5), @foo5]
+    end
+  end
+
+  Foo.new.foo
+}
+
+# getinstancevariable with shape too complex
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  class Foo
+    def initialize
+      @a = 1
+    end
+
+    def getter
+      @foobar
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Initialize ivars in changing order, making the Foo
+  # class have shape too complex
+  100.times do |x|
+    foo = Foo.new
+    foo.instance_variable_set(:"@a#{x}", 1)
+    foo.instance_variable_set(:"@foobar", 777)
+
+    # The getter method eventually sees shape too complex
+    r = foo.getter
+    if r != 777
+      raise "error"
+    end
+  end
+}
+
 assert_equal '0', %q{
   # This is a regression test for incomplete invalidation from
   # opt_setinlinecache. This test might be brittle, so
@@ -351,6 +661,45 @@ assert_equal 'false', %q{
   less_than 2
 }
 
+# BOP redefinition works on Integer#<=
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  def le(x, y) = x <= y
+
+  le(2, 2)
+
+  class Integer
+    def <=(_) = false
+  end
+
+  le(2, 2)
+}
+
+# BOP redefinition works on Integer#>
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  def gt(x, y) = x > y
+
+  gt(3, 2)
+
+  class Integer
+    def >(_) = false
+  end
+
+  gt(3, 2)
+}
+
+# BOP redefinition works on Integer#>=
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  def ge(x, y) = x >= y
+
+  ge(2, 2)
+
+  class Integer
+    def >=(_) = false
+  end
+
+  ge(2, 2)
+}
+
 # Putobject, less-than operator, fixnums
 assert_equal '2', %q{
     def check_index(index)
@@ -961,6 +1310,18 @@ assert_equal '[42, :default]', %q{
   ]
 }
 
+# Test default value block for Hash with opt_aref_with
+assert_equal "false", %q{
+  def index_with_string(h)
+    h["foo"]
+  end
+
+  h = Hash.new { |h, k| k.frozen? }
+
+  index_with_string(h)
+  index_with_string(h)
+}
+
 # A regression test for making sure cfp->sp is proper when
 # hitting stubs. See :stub-sp-flush:
 assert_equal 'ok', %q{
@@ -1118,6 +1479,38 @@ assert_equal '42', %q{
   run
 }
 
+# splatting an empty array on a specialized method
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  def run
+    "ok".to_s(*[])
+  end
+
+  run
+  run
+}
+
+# splatting an single element array on a specialized method
+assert_equal '[1]', %q{
+  def run
+    [].<<(*[1])
+  end
+
+  run
+  run
+}
+
+# specialized method with wrong args
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  def run(x)
+    "bad".to_s(123) if x
+  rescue
+    :ok
+  end
+
+  run(false)
+  run(true)
+}
+
 # getinstancevariable on Symbol
 assert_equal '[nil, nil]', %q{
   # @foo to exercise the getinstancevariable instruction
@@ -1551,6 +1944,24 @@ assert_equal 'true', %q{
   jittable_method
 }
 
+# test getbyte on string class
+assert_equal '[97, :nil, 97, :nil, :raised]', %q{
+  def getbyte(s, i)
+   byte = begin
+    s.getbyte(i)
+   rescue TypeError
+    :raised
+   end
+
+   byte || :nil
+  end
+
+  getbyte("a", 0)
+  getbyte("a", 0)
+
+  [getbyte("a", 0), getbyte("a", 1), getbyte("a", -1), getbyte("a", -2), getbyte("a", "a")]
+} unless rjit_enabled? # Not yet working on RJIT
+
 # Test << operator on string subclass
 assert_equal 'abab', %q{
   class MyString < String; end
@@ -1917,6 +2328,38 @@ assert_equal '[:A, :Btwo]', %q{
   ins.foo
 }
 
+# invokesuper with a block
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  class A
+    def foo = block_given?
+  end
+
+  class B < A
+    def foo = super()
+  end
+
+  B.new.foo { }
+  B.new.foo { }
+}
+
+# invokesuper in a block
+assert_equal '[0, 2]', %q{
+  class A
+    def foo(x) = x * 2
+  end
+
+  class B < A
+    def foo
+      2.times.map do |x|
+        super(x)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  B.new.foo
+  B.new.foo
+}
+
 # Call to fixnum
 assert_equal '[true, false]', %q{
   def is_odd(obj)
@@ -1997,6 +2440,18 @@ assert_equal '[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]', %q{
   splatarray
 }
 
+# splatkw
+assert_equal '[1, 2]', %q{
+  def foo(a:) = [a, yield]
+
+  def entry(&block)
+    a = { a: 1 }
+    foo(**a, &block)
+  end
+
+  entry { 2 }
+}
+
 assert_equal '[1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3]', %q{
   def expandarray
     arr = [1, 2, 3]
@@ -2061,6 +2516,17 @@ assert_equal '[1, 2, nil]', %q{
   expandarray_rhs_too_small
 }
 
+assert_equal '[nil, 2, nil]', %q{
+  def foo(arr)
+    a, b, c = arr
+  end
+
+  a, b, c1 = foo([0, 1])
+  a, b, c2 = foo([0, 1, 2])
+  a, b, c3 = foo([0, 1])
+  [c1, c2, c3]
+}
+
 assert_equal '[1, [2]]', %q{
   def expandarray_splat
     a, *b = [1, 2]
@@ -2150,7 +2616,7 @@ assert_equal '[[:c_return, :String, :string_alias, "events_to_str"]]', %q{
   events.compiled(events)
 
   events
-}
+} unless rjit_enabled? # RJIT calls extra Ruby methods
 
 # test enabling a TracePoint that targets a particular line in a C method call
 assert_equal '[true]', %q{
@@ -2232,7 +2698,7 @@ assert_equal '[[:c_call, :itself]]', %q{
   tp.enable { shouldnt_compile }
 
   events
-}
+} unless rjit_enabled? # RJIT calls extra Ruby methods
 
 # test enabling c_return tracing before compiling
 assert_equal '[[:c_return, :itself, main]]', %q{
@@ -2247,6 +2713,26 @@ assert_equal '[[:c_return, :itself, main]]', %q{
   tp.enable { shouldnt_compile }
 
   events
+} unless rjit_enabled? # RJIT calls extra Ruby methods
+
+# test c_call invalidation
+assert_equal '[[:c_call, :itself]]', %q{
+  # enable the event once to make sure invalidation
+  # happens the second time we enable it
+  TracePoint.new(:c_call) {}.enable{}
+
+  def compiled
+    itself
+  end
+
+  # assume first call compiles
+  compiled
+
+  events = []
+  tp = TracePoint.new(:c_call) { |tp| events << [tp.event, tp.method_id] }
+  tp.enable { compiled }
+
+  events
 }
 
 # test enabling tracing for a suspended fiber
@@ -2901,11 +3387,20 @@ assert_equal 'new', %q{
     foo
   end
 
+  def bar
+    :bar
+  end
+
+
   test
   test
 
   RubyVM::YJIT.simulate_oom! if defined?(RubyVM::YJIT)
 
+  # Old simulat_omm! leaves one byte of space and this fills it up
+  bar
+  bar
+
   def foo
     :new
   end
@@ -3066,3 +3561,784 @@ assert_equal '10', %q{
 
   a.length
 }
+
+# checktype
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+    def function()
+        [1, 2] in [Integer, String]
+    end
+    function()
+}
+
+# opt_send_without_block (VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET)
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+    class Foo
+      attr_writer :foo
+
+      def foo()
+        self.foo = "foo"
+      end
+    end
+    foo = Foo.new
+    foo.foo
+}
+
+# anytostring, intern
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+    def foo()
+      :"#{true}"
+    end
+    foo()
+}
+
+# toregexp, objtostring
+assert_equal '/true/', %q{
+    def foo()
+      /#{true}/
+    end
+    foo().inspect
+}
+
+# concatstrings, objtostring
+assert_equal '9001', %q{
+    def foo()
+      "#{9001}"
+    end
+    foo()
+}
+
+# opt_send_without_block (VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC)
+assert_equal 'nil', %q{
+    def foo
+      nil.inspect # argc: 0
+    end
+    foo
+}
+assert_equal '4', %q{
+    def foo
+      2.pow(2) # argc: 1
+    end
+    foo
+}
+assert_equal 'aba', %q{
+    def foo
+      "abc".tr("c", "a") # argc: 2
+    end
+    foo
+}
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+    def foo
+      respond_to?(:inspect) # argc: -1
+    end
+    foo
+}
+assert_equal '["a", "b"]', %q{
+    def foo
+      "a\nb".lines(chomp: true) # kwargs
+    end
+    foo
+}
+
+# invokebuiltin
+assert_equal '123', %q{
+  def foo(obj)
+    obj.foo = 123
+  end
+
+  struct = Struct.new(:foo)
+  obj = struct.new
+  foo(obj)
+}
+
+# invokebuiltin_delegate
+assert_equal '.', %q{
+  def foo(path)
+    Dir.open(path).path
+  end
+  foo(".")
+}
+
+# opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave
+assert_equal '[0]', %q{"\x00".unpack("c")}
+
+# opt_send_without_block (VM_METHOD_TYPE_ISEQ)
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  def foo = 1
+  def bar = foo
+  bar
+}
+assert_equal '[1, 2, 3]', %q{
+  def foo(a, b) = [1, a, b]
+  def bar = foo(2, 3)
+  bar
+}
+assert_equal '[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]', %q{
+  def foo(a, b, c:, d:, e: 0, f: 6) = [a, b, c, d, e, f]
+  def bar = foo(1, 2, c: 3, d: 4, e: 5)
+  bar
+}
+assert_equal '[1, 2, 3, 4]', %q{
+  def foo(a, b = 2) = [a, b]
+  def bar = foo(1) + foo(3, 4)
+  bar
+}
+
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  def foo(a) = a
+  def bar = foo(1) { 2 }
+  bar
+}
+assert_equal '[1, 2]', %q{
+  def foo(a, &block) = [a, block.call]
+  def bar = foo(1) { 2 }
+  bar
+}
+
+# opt_send_without_block (VM_METHOD_TYPE_IVAR)
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+  class Foo
+    attr_reader :foo
+
+    def initialize
+      @foo = "foo"
+    end
+  end
+  Foo.new.foo
+}
+
+# opt_send_without_block (VM_METHOD_TYPE_OPTIMIZED)
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+  Foo = Struct.new(:bar)
+  Foo.new("bar").bar = "foo"
+}
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+  Foo = Struct.new(:bar)
+  Foo.new("foo").bar
+}
+
+# getblockparamproxy
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+  def foo(&block)
+    block.call
+  end
+  foo { "foo" }
+}
+
+# getblockparam
+assert_equal 'foo', %q{
+  def foo(&block)
+    block
+  end
+  foo { "foo" }.call
+}
+
+assert_equal '[1, 2]', %q{
+  def foo
+    x = [2]
+    [1, *x]
+  end
+
+  foo
+  foo
+}
+
+# respond_to? with changing symbol
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  def foo(name)
+    :sym.respond_to?(name)
+  end
+  foo(:to_s)
+  foo(:to_s)
+  foo(:not_exist)
+}
+
+# respond_to? with method being defined
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  def foo
+    :sym.respond_to?(:not_yet_defined)
+  end
+  foo
+  foo
+  module Kernel
+    def not_yet_defined = true
+  end
+  foo
+}
+
+# respond_to? with undef method
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  module Kernel
+    def to_be_removed = true
+  end
+  def foo
+    :sym.respond_to?(:to_be_removed)
+  end
+  foo
+  foo
+  class Object
+    undef_method :to_be_removed
+  end
+  foo
+}
+
+# respond_to? with respond_to_missing?
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  class Foo
+  end
+  def foo(x)
+    x.respond_to?(:bar)
+  end
+  foo(Foo.new)
+  foo(Foo.new)
+  class Foo
+    def respond_to_missing?(*) = true
+  end
+  foo(Foo.new)
+}
+
+# bmethod
+assert_equal '[1, 2, 3]', %q{
+  one = 1
+  define_method(:foo) do
+    one
+  end
+
+  3.times.map { |i| foo + i }
+}
+
+# return inside bmethod
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  define_method(:foo) do
+    1.tap { return :ok }
+  end
+
+  foo
+}
+
+# bmethod optional and keywords
+assert_equal '[[1, nil, 2]]', %q{
+  define_method(:opt_and_kwargs) do |a = {}, b: nil, c: nil|
+    [a, b, c]
+  end
+
+  5.times.map { opt_and_kwargs(1, c: 2) }.uniq
+}
+
+# bmethod with forwarded block
+assert_equal '2', %q{
+  define_method(:foo) do |&block|
+    block.call
+  end
+
+  def bar(&block)
+    foo(&block)
+  end
+
+  bar { 1 }
+  bar { 2 }
+}
+
+# bmethod with forwarded block and arguments
+assert_equal '5', %q{
+  define_method(:foo) do |n, &block|
+    n + block.call
+  end
+
+  def bar(n, &block)
+    foo(n, &block)
+  end
+
+  bar(0) { 1 }
+  bar(3) { 2 }
+}
+
+# bmethod with forwarded unwanted block
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  one = 1
+  define_method(:foo) do
+    one
+  end
+
+  def bar(&block)
+    foo(&block)
+  end
+
+  bar { }
+  bar { }
+}
+
+# test for return stub lifetime issue
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  def foo(n)
+    if n == 2
+      return 1.times { Object.define_method(:foo) {} }
+    end
+
+    foo(n + 1)
+  end
+
+  foo(1)
+}
+
+# case-when with redefined ===
+assert_equal 'ok', %q{
+  class Symbol
+    def ===(a)
+      true
+    end
+  end
+
+  def cw(arg)
+    case arg
+    when :b
+      :ok
+    when 4
+      :ng
+    end
+  end
+
+  cw(4)
+}
+
+assert_equal 'threw', %q{
+  def foo(args)
+    wrap(*args)
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    'threw'
+  end
+
+  def wrap(a)
+    [a]
+  end
+
+  foo([Hash.ruby2_keywords_hash({})])
+}
+
+assert_equal 'threw', %q{
+  # C call
+  def bar(args)
+    Array(*args)
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    'threw'
+  end
+
+  bar([Hash.ruby2_keywords_hash({})])
+}
+
+# Test instance_of? and is_a?
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  1.instance_of?(Integer) && 1.is_a?(Integer)
+}
+
+# Test instance_of? and is_a? for singleton classes
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  a = []
+  def a.test = :test
+  a.instance_of?(Array) && a.is_a?(Array)
+}
+
+# Test instance_of? for singleton_class
+# Yes this does really return false
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  a = []
+  def a.test = :test
+  a.instance_of?(a.singleton_class)
+}
+
+# Test is_a? for singleton_class
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  a = []
+  def a.test = :test
+  a.is_a?(a.singleton_class)
+}
+
+# Test send with splat to a cfunc
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  1.send(:==, 1, *[])
+}
+
+# Test empty splat with cfunc
+assert_equal '2', %q{
+  def foo
+    Integer.sqrt(4, *[])
+  end
+  # call twice to deal with constant exiting
+  foo
+  foo
+}
+
+# Test non-empty splat with cfunc
+assert_equal 'Hello World', %q{
+  def bar
+    args = ["Hello "]
+    greeting = "World"
+    greeting.insert(0, *args)
+    greeting
+  end
+  bar
+}
+
+# Regression: this creates a temp stack with > 127 elements
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  def foo(a)
+    [
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+      a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a,
+    ]
+  end
+
+  def entry
+    foo(1)
+  end
+
+  entry
+}
+
+# Test that splat and rest combined
+# properly dupe the array
+assert_equal "[]", %q{
+  def foo(*rest)
+    rest << 1
+  end
+
+  def test(splat)
+    foo(*splat)
+  end
+
+  EMPTY = []
+  custom = Object.new
+  def custom.to_a
+    EMPTY
+  end
+
+  test(custom)
+  test(custom)
+  EMPTY
+}
+
+# Rest with send
+assert_equal '[1, 2, 3]', %q{
+  def bar(x, *rest)
+    rest.insert(0, x)
+  end
+  send(:bar, 1, 2, 3)
+}
+
+# Fix splat block arg bad compilation
+assert_equal "foo", %q{
+  def literal(*args, &block)
+    s = ''.dup
+    literal_append(s, *args, &block)
+    s
+  end
+
+  def literal_append(sql, v)
+    sql << v
+  end
+
+  literal("foo")
+}
+
+# regression test for accidentally having a parameter truncated
+# due to Rust/C signature mismatch. Used to crash with
+# > [BUG] rb_vm_insn_addr2insn: invalid insn address ...
+# or
+# > ... `Err` value: TryFromIntError(())'
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  n = 16384
+  eval(
+    "def foo(arg); " + "_=arg;" * n + '_=1;' + "Object; end"
+  )
+  foo 1
+}
+
+# Regression test for CantCompile not using starting_ctx
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  class Integer
+    def ===(other)
+      false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def my_func(x)
+    case x
+    when 1
+      1
+    when 2
+      2
+    else
+      3
+    end
+  end
+
+  my_func(1)
+}
+
+# Regression test for CantCompile not using starting_ctx
+assert_equal "ArgumentError", %q{
+  def literal(*args, &block)
+    s = ''.dup
+    args = [1, 2, 3]
+    literal_append(s, *args, &block)
+    s
+  end
+
+  def literal_append(sql, v)
+    [sql.inspect, v.inspect]
+  end
+
+  begin
+    literal("foo")
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    "ArgumentError"
+  end
+}
+
+# Rest with block
+# Simplified code from railsbench
+assert_equal '[{"/a"=>"b", :as=>:c, :via=>:post}, [], nil]', %q{
+  def match(path, *rest, &block)
+    [path, rest, block]
+  end
+
+  def map_method(method, args, &block)
+    options = args.last
+    args.pop
+    options[:via] = method
+    match(*args, options, &block)
+  end
+
+  def post(*args, &block)
+    map_method(:post, args, &block)
+  end
+
+  post "/a" => "b", as: :c
+}
+
+# Test rest and kw_args
+assert_equal '[true, true, true, true]', %q{
+  def my_func(*args, base: nil, sort: true)
+    [args, base, sort]
+  end
+
+  def calling_my_func
+    results = []
+    results << (my_func("test") == [["test"], nil, true])
+    results << (my_func("test", base: :base) == [["test"], :base, true])
+    results << (my_func("test", sort: false) == [["test"], nil, false])
+    results << (my_func("test", "other", base: :base) == [["test", "other"], :base, true])
+    results
+  end
+  calling_my_func
+}
+
+# Test Integer#[] with 2 args
+assert_equal '0', %q{
+  3[0, 0]
+}
+
+# unspecified_bits + checkkeyword
+assert_equal '2', %q{
+  def callee = 1
+
+  # checkkeyword should see unspecified_bits=0 (use bar), not Integer 1 (set bar = foo).
+  def foo(foo, bar: foo) = bar
+
+  def entry(&block)
+    # write 1 at stack[3]. Calling #callee spills stack[3].
+    1 + (1 + (1 + (1 + callee)))
+    # &block is written to a register instead of stack[3]. When &block is popped and
+    # unspecified_bits is pushed, it must be written to stack[3], not to a register.
+    foo(1, bar: 2, &block)
+  end
+
+  entry # call branch_stub_hit (spill temps)
+  entry # doesn't call branch_stub_hit (not spill temps)
+}
+
+# Test rest and optional_params
+assert_equal '[true, true, true, true]', %q{
+  def my_func(stuff, base=nil, sort=true, *args)
+    [stuff, base, sort, args]
+  end
+
+  def calling_my_func
+    results = []
+    results << (my_func("test") == ["test", nil, true, []])
+    results << (my_func("test", :base) == ["test", :base, true, []])
+    results << (my_func("test", :base, false) == ["test", :base, false, []])
+    results << (my_func("test", :base, false, "other", "other") == ["test", :base, false, ["other", "other"]])
+    results
+  end
+  calling_my_func
+}
+
+# Test rest and optional_params and splat
+assert_equal '[true, true, true, true, true]', %q{
+  def my_func(stuff, base=nil, sort=true, *args)
+    [stuff, base, sort, args]
+  end
+
+  def calling_my_func
+    results = []
+    splat = ["test"]
+    results << (my_func(*splat) == ["test", nil, true, []])
+    splat = [:base]
+    results << (my_func("test", *splat) == ["test", :base, true, []])
+    splat = [:base, false]
+    results << (my_func("test", *splat) == ["test", :base, false, []])
+    splat = [:base, false, "other", "other"]
+    results << (my_func("test", *splat) == ["test", :base, false, ["other", "other"]])
+    splat = ["test", :base, false, "other", "other"]
+    results << (my_func(*splat) == ["test", :base, false, ["other", "other"]])
+    results
+  end
+  calling_my_func
+}
+
+# Regression test: rest and optional and splat
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  def my_func(base=nil, *args)
+    [base, args]
+  end
+
+  def calling_my_func
+    array = []
+    my_func(:base, :rest1, *array) == [:base, [:rest1]]
+  end
+
+  calling_my_func
+}
+
+# Fix failed case for large splat
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  def d(a, b=:b)
+  end
+
+  def calling_func
+    ary = 1380888.times;
+    d(*ary)
+  end
+  begin
+    calling_func
+  rescue ArgumentError
+    true
+  end
+} unless rjit_enabled? # Not yet working on RJIT
+
+# Regression test: register allocator on expandarray
+assert_equal '[]', %q{
+  func = proc { [] }
+  proc do
+    _x, _y = func.call
+  end.call
+}
+
+# Catch TAG_BREAK in a non-FINISH frame with JIT code
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  def entry
+    catch_break
+  end
+
+  def catch_break
+    while_true do
+      break
+    end
+    1
+  end
+
+  def while_true
+    while true
+      yield
+    end
+  end
+
+  entry
+}
+
+assert_equal '6', %q{
+  class Base
+    def number = 1 + yield
+  end
+
+  class Sub < Base
+    def number = super + 2
+  end
+
+  Sub.new.number { 3 }
+}
+
+# Integer multiplication and overflow
+assert_equal '[6, -6, 9671406556917033397649408, -9671406556917033397649408, 21267647932558653966460912964485513216]', %q{
+  def foo(a, b)
+    a * b
+  end
+
+  r1 = foo(2, 3)
+  r2 = foo(2, -3)
+  r3 = foo(2 << 40, 2 << 41)
+  r4 = foo(2 << 40, -2 << 41)
+  r5 = foo(1 << 62, 1 << 62)
+
+  [r1, r2, r3, r4, r5]
+}
+
+# Integer multiplication and overflow (minimized regression test from test-basic)
+assert_equal '8515157028618240000', %q{2128789257154560000 * 4}
+
+# Inlined method calls
+assert_equal 'nil', %q{
+  def putnil = nil
+  def entry = putnil
+  entry.inspect
+}
+assert_equal '1', %q{
+  def putobject_1 = 1
+  def entry = putobject_1
+  entry
+}
+assert_equal 'false', %q{
+  def putobject(_unused_arg1) = false
+  def entry = putobject(nil)
+  entry
+}
+assert_equal 'true', %q{
+  def entry = yield
+  entry { true }
+}
+
+assert_normal_exit %q{
+  ivars = 1024.times.map { |i| "@iv_#{i} = #{i}\n" }.join
+  Foo = Class.new
+  Foo.class_eval "def initialize() #{ivars} end"
+  Foo.new
+}
+
+assert_equal '0', %q{
+  def spill
+    1.to_i # not inlined
+  end
+
+  def inline(_stack1, _stack2, _stack3, _stack4, _stack5)
+    0 # inlined
+  end
+
+  def entry
+    # RegTemps is 00111110 prior to the #inline call.
+    # Its return value goes to stack_idx=0, which conflicts with stack_idx=5.
+    inline(spill, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+  end
+
+  entry
+}
diff --git a/builtin.c b/builtin.c
index 21fff95650..4fc2ab43d1 100644
--- a/builtin.c
+++ b/builtin.c
@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@
 #include "iseq.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 
-#ifdef CROSS_COMPILING
+#include "builtin_binary.inc"
+
+#ifndef BUILTIN_BINARY_SIZE
 
 #define INCLUDED_BY_BUILTIN_C 1
 #include "mini_builtin.c"
 
 #else
 
-#include "builtin_binary.inc"
-
 static const unsigned char *
 bin4feature(const struct builtin_binary *bb, const char *feature, size_t *psize)
 {
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ rb_load_with_builtin_functions(const char *feature_name, const struct rb_builtin
     size_t size;
     const unsigned char *bin = builtin_lookup(feature_name, &size);
     if (! bin) {
-        rb_bug("builtin_lookup: can not find %s\n", feature_name);
+        rb_bug("builtin_lookup: can not find %s", feature_name);
     }
 
     // load binary
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ rb_load_with_builtin_functions(const char *feature_name, const struct rb_builtin
     vm->builtin_function_table = table;
     vm->builtin_inline_index = 0;
     const rb_iseq_t *iseq = rb_iseq_ibf_load_bytes((const char *)bin, size);
+    ASSUME(iseq); // otherwise an exception should have raised
     vm->builtin_function_table = NULL;
 
     // exec
@@ -57,6 +58,12 @@ rb_load_with_builtin_functions(const char *feature_name, const struct rb_builtin
 #endif
 
 void
+rb_free_loaded_builtin_table(void)
+{
+    // do nothing
+}
+
+void
 Init_builtin(void)
 {
     // nothing
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index b827b28928..85fd1a009a 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -11,17 +11,13 @@ struct rb_builtin_function {
     // for load
     const int index;
     const char * const name;
-
-    // for jit
-    void (*compiler)(FILE *, long, unsigned, bool);
 };
 
-#define RB_BUILTIN_FUNCTION(_i, _name, _fname, _arity, _compiler) {\
-  .name = #_name, \
+#define RB_BUILTIN_FUNCTION(_i, _name, _fname, _arity) {\
+  .name = _i < 0 ? NULL : #_name, \
   .func_ptr = (void *)_fname, \
   .argc = _arity, \
   .index = _i, \
-  .compiler = _compiler, \
 }
 
 void rb_load_with_builtin_functions(const char *feature_name, const struct rb_builtin_function *table);
diff --git a/ccan/check_type/check_type.h b/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
index e795ad71d0..659e1a5a83 100644
--- a/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+++ b/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
  *		 ((encl_type *)						\
  *		  ((char *)(mbr_ptr) - offsetof(enclosing_type, mbr))))
  */
-#if HAVE_TYPEOF
+#if defined(HAVE_TYPEOF) && HAVE_TYPEOF
 #define ccan_check_type(expr, type)			\
 	((typeof(expr) *)0 != (type *)0)
 
diff --git a/ccan/container_of/container_of.h b/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
index b30c347d57..872bb6ea6e 100644
--- a/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+++ b/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ static inline char *container_of_or_null_(void *member_ptr, size_t offset)
  *		return i;
  *	}
  */
-#if HAVE_TYPEOF
+#if defined(HAVE_TYPEOF) && HAVE_TYPEOF
 #define ccan_container_of_var(member_ptr, container_var, member) \
 	ccan_container_of(member_ptr, typeof(*container_var), member)
 #else
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ static inline char *container_of_or_null_(void *member_ptr, size_t offset)
  * structure memory layout.
  *
  */
-#if HAVE_TYPEOF
+#if defined(HAVE_TYPEOF) && HAVE_TYPEOF
 #define ccan_container_off_var(var, member)		\
 	ccan_container_off(typeof(*var), member)
 #else
diff --git a/ccan/list/list.h b/ccan/list/list.h
index 91787bfdb3..bf692a6937 100644
--- a/ccan/list/list.h
+++ b/ccan/list/list.h
@@ -635,14 +635,16 @@ static inline void ccan_list_prepend_list_(struct ccan_list_head *to,
 
 /* internal macros, do not use directly */
 #define ccan_list_for_each_off_dir_(h, i, off, dir)				\
-	for (i = ccan_list_node_to_off_(ccan_list_debug(h, CCAN_LIST_LOC)->n.dir,	\
+	for (i = 0, \
+	     i = ccan_list_node_to_off_(ccan_list_debug(h, CCAN_LIST_LOC)->n.dir, \
 				   (off));				\
 	ccan_list_node_from_off_((void *)i, (off)) != &(h)->n;		\
 	i = ccan_list_node_to_off_(ccan_list_node_from_off_((void *)i, (off))->dir, \
 			      (off)))
 
 #define ccan_list_for_each_safe_off_dir_(h, i, nxt, off, dir)		\
-	for (i = ccan_list_node_to_off_(ccan_list_debug(h, CCAN_LIST_LOC)->n.dir,	\
+	for (i = 0, \
+	     i = ccan_list_node_to_off_(ccan_list_debug(h, CCAN_LIST_LOC)->n.dir, \
 				   (off)),				\
 	nxt = ccan_list_node_to_off_(ccan_list_node_from_off_(i, (off))->dir,	\
 				(off));					\
@@ -770,7 +772,7 @@ static inline struct ccan_list_node *ccan_list_node_from_off_(void *ptr, size_t
 	(ccan_container_off_var(var, member) +		\
 	 ccan_check_type(var->member, struct ccan_list_node))
 
-#if HAVE_TYPEOF
+#if defined(HAVE_TYPEOF) && HAVE_TYPEOF
 #define ccan_list_typeof(var) typeof(var)
 #else
 #define ccan_list_typeof(var) void *
diff --git a/class.c b/class.c
index 5e57068f03..f8cf4b832a 100644
--- a/class.c
+++ b/class.c
@@ -30,7 +30,41 @@
 #include "ruby/st.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
 
-#define id_attached id__attached__
+/* Flags of T_CLASS
+ *
+ * 2:     RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF
+ *            The RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES contains the class as the last element.
+ *            This means that this class owns the RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES list.
+ * if !SHAPE_IN_BASIC_FLAGS
+ * 4-19: SHAPE_FLAG_MASK
+ *           Shape ID for the class.
+ * endif
+ */
+
+/* Flags of T_ICLASS
+ *
+ * 0:    RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN
+ * 3:    RICLASS_ORIGIN_SHARED_MTBL
+ *           The T_ICLASS does not own the method table.
+ * if !SHAPE_IN_BASIC_FLAGS
+ * 4-19: SHAPE_FLAG_MASK
+ *           Shape ID. This is set but not used.
+ * endif
+ */
+
+/* Flags of T_MODULE
+ *
+ * 1:    RMODULE_ALLOCATED_BUT_NOT_INITIALIZED
+ *           Module has not been initialized.
+ * 2:    RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF
+ *           See RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF in T_CLASS.
+ * 3:    RMODULE_IS_REFINEMENT
+ *           Module is used for refinements.
+ * if !SHAPE_IN_BASIC_FLAGS
+ * 4-19: SHAPE_FLAG_MASK
+ *           Shape ID for the module.
+ * endif
+ */
 
 #define METACLASS_OF(k) RBASIC(k)->klass
 #define SET_METACLASS_OF(k, cls) RBASIC_SET_CLASS(k, cls)
@@ -64,7 +98,7 @@ push_subclass_entry_to_list(VALUE super, VALUE klass)
 void
 rb_class_subclass_add(VALUE super, VALUE klass)
 {
-    if (super && super != Qundef) {
+    if (super && !UNDEF_P(super)) {
         rb_subclass_entry_t *entry = push_subclass_entry_to_list(super, klass);
         RCLASS_SUBCLASS_ENTRY(klass) = entry;
     }
@@ -195,28 +229,15 @@ rb_class_detach_module_subclasses(VALUE klass)
 static VALUE
 class_alloc(VALUE flags, VALUE klass)
 {
-    size_t alloc_size = sizeof(struct RClass);
-
-#if USE_RVARGC
-    alloc_size += sizeof(rb_classext_t);
-#endif
+    size_t alloc_size = sizeof(struct RClass) + sizeof(rb_classext_t);
 
     flags &= T_MASK;
-    flags |= FL_PROMOTED1 /* start from age == 2 */;
     if (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS) flags |= FL_WB_PROTECTED;
-    RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(obj, struct RClass, klass, flags, alloc_size);
+    NEWOBJ_OF(obj, struct RClass, klass, flags, alloc_size, 0);
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
     memset(RCLASS_EXT(obj), 0, sizeof(rb_classext_t));
-# if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T != SIZEOF_VALUE
-    RCLASS(obj)->class_serial_ptr = ZALLOC(rb_serial_t);
-# endif
-#else
-    obj->ptr = ZALLOC(rb_classext_t);
-#endif
 
     /* ZALLOC
-      RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj) = 0;
       RCLASS_CONST_TBL(obj) = 0;
       RCLASS_M_TBL(obj) = 0;
       RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(obj) = 0;
@@ -226,9 +247,8 @@ class_alloc(VALUE flags, VALUE klass)
       RCLASS_MODULE_SUBCLASSES(obj) = NULL;
      */
     RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN((VALUE)obj, (VALUE)obj);
-    RCLASS_SERIAL(obj) = rb_next_class_serial();
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &RCLASS_REFINED_CLASS(obj), Qnil);
-    RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(obj) = 0;
+    RCLASS_SET_ALLOCATOR((VALUE)obj, 0);
 
     return (VALUE)obj;
 }
@@ -282,7 +302,7 @@ rb_class_update_superclasses(VALUE klass)
     VALUE super = RCLASS_SUPER(klass);
 
     if (!RB_TYPE_P(klass, T_CLASS)) return;
-    if (super == Qundef) return;
+    if (UNDEF_P(super)) return;
 
     // If the superclass array is already built
     if (RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES(klass))
@@ -331,7 +351,13 @@ rb_class_new(VALUE super)
 {
     Check_Type(super, T_CLASS);
     rb_check_inheritable(super);
-    return rb_class_boot(super);
+    VALUE klass = rb_class_boot(super);
+
+    if (super != rb_cObject && super != rb_cBasicObject) {
+        RCLASS_EXT(klass)->max_iv_count = RCLASS_EXT(super)->max_iv_count;
+    }
+
+    return klass;
 }
 
 VALUE
@@ -403,28 +429,58 @@ class_init_copy_check(VALUE clone, VALUE orig)
     }
 }
 
+struct cvc_table_copy_ctx {
+    VALUE clone;
+    struct rb_id_table * new_table;
+};
+
+static enum rb_id_table_iterator_result
+cvc_table_copy(ID id, VALUE val, void *data)
+{
+    struct cvc_table_copy_ctx *ctx = (struct cvc_table_copy_ctx *)data;
+    struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry * orig_entry;
+    orig_entry = (struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry *)val;
+
+    struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry *ent;
+
+    ent = ALLOC(struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry);
+    ent->class_value = ctx->clone;
+    ent->cref = orig_entry->cref;
+    ent->global_cvar_state = orig_entry->global_cvar_state;
+    rb_id_table_insert(ctx->new_table, id, (VALUE)ent);
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(ctx->clone, Qundef, ent->cref);
+
+    return ID_TABLE_CONTINUE;
+}
+
 static void
 copy_tables(VALUE clone, VALUE orig)
 {
-    if (RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone)) {
-        st_free_table(RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone));
-        RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone) = 0;
-    }
     if (RCLASS_CONST_TBL(clone)) {
         rb_free_const_table(RCLASS_CONST_TBL(clone));
         RCLASS_CONST_TBL(clone) = 0;
     }
+    if (RCLASS_CVC_TBL(orig)) {
+        struct rb_id_table *rb_cvc_tbl = RCLASS_CVC_TBL(orig);
+        struct rb_id_table *rb_cvc_tbl_dup = rb_id_table_create(rb_id_table_size(rb_cvc_tbl));
+
+        struct cvc_table_copy_ctx ctx;
+        ctx.clone = clone;
+        ctx.new_table = rb_cvc_tbl_dup;
+        rb_id_table_foreach(rb_cvc_tbl, cvc_table_copy, &ctx);
+        RCLASS_CVC_TBL(clone) = rb_cvc_tbl_dup;
+    }
+    rb_id_table_free(RCLASS_M_TBL(clone));
     RCLASS_M_TBL(clone) = 0;
-    if (RCLASS_IV_TBL(orig)) {
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(clone, T_ICLASS)) {
         st_data_t id;
 
         rb_iv_tbl_copy(clone, orig);
         CONST_ID(id, "__tmp_classpath__");
-        st_delete(RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone), &id, 0);
+        rb_attr_delete(clone, id);
         CONST_ID(id, "__classpath__");
-        st_delete(RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone), &id, 0);
-        CONST_ID(id, "__classid__");
-        st_delete(RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone), &id, 0);
+        rb_attr_delete(clone, id);
     }
     if (RCLASS_CONST_TBL(orig)) {
         struct clone_const_arg arg;
@@ -440,7 +496,7 @@ static bool ensure_origin(VALUE klass);
 /**
  * If this flag is set, that module is allocated but not initialized yet.
  */
-enum {RMODULE_ALLOCATED_BUT_NOT_INITIALIZED = RUBY_FL_USER5};
+enum {RMODULE_ALLOCATED_BUT_NOT_INITIALIZED = RUBY_FL_USER1};
 
 static inline bool
 RMODULE_UNINITIALIZED(VALUE module)
@@ -483,14 +539,14 @@ rb_mod_init_copy(VALUE clone, VALUE orig)
     /* cloned flag is refer at constant inline cache
      * see vm_get_const_key_cref() in vm_insnhelper.c
      */
-    FL_SET(clone, RCLASS_CLONED);
-    FL_SET(orig , RCLASS_CLONED);
+    RCLASS_EXT(clone)->cloned = true;
+    RCLASS_EXT(orig)->cloned = true;
 
     if (!FL_TEST(CLASS_OF(clone), FL_SINGLETON)) {
         RBASIC_SET_CLASS(clone, rb_singleton_class_clone(orig));
         rb_singleton_class_attached(METACLASS_OF(clone), (VALUE)clone);
     }
-    RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(clone) = RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(orig);
+    RCLASS_SET_ALLOCATOR(clone, RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(orig));
     copy_tables(clone, orig);
     if (RCLASS_M_TBL(orig)) {
         struct clone_method_arg arg;
@@ -522,12 +578,14 @@ rb_mod_init_copy(VALUE clone, VALUE orig)
                 rb_bug("non iclass between module/class and origin");
             }
             clone_p = class_alloc(RBASIC(p)->flags, METACLASS_OF(p));
+            /* We should set the m_tbl right after allocation before anything
+             * that can trigger GC to avoid clone_p from becoming old and
+             * needing to fire write barriers. */
+            RCLASS_SET_M_TBL(clone_p, RCLASS_M_TBL(p));
             RCLASS_SET_SUPER(prev_clone_p, clone_p);
             prev_clone_p = clone_p;
-            RCLASS_M_TBL(clone_p) = RCLASS_M_TBL(p);
             RCLASS_CONST_TBL(clone_p) = RCLASS_CONST_TBL(p);
-            RCLASS_IV_TBL(clone_p) = RCLASS_IV_TBL(p);
-            RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(clone_p) = RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(p);
+            RCLASS_SET_ALLOCATOR(clone_p, RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(p));
             if (RB_TYPE_P(clone, T_CLASS)) {
                 RCLASS_SET_INCLUDER(clone_p, clone);
             }
@@ -590,7 +648,7 @@ rb_singleton_class_clone_and_attach(VALUE obj, VALUE attach)
     // attached to an object other than `obj`. In which case `obj` does not have
     // a material singleton class attached yet and there is no singleton class
     // to clone.
-    if (!(FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON) && rb_attr_get(klass, id_attached) == obj)) {
+    if (!(FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON) && RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(klass) == obj)) {
         // nothing to clone
         return klass;
     }
@@ -612,17 +670,14 @@ rb_singleton_class_clone_and_attach(VALUE obj, VALUE attach)
         }
 
         RCLASS_SET_SUPER(clone, RCLASS_SUPER(klass));
-        RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(clone) = RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(klass);
-        if (RCLASS_IV_TBL(klass)) {
-            rb_iv_tbl_copy(clone, klass);
-        }
+        rb_iv_tbl_copy(clone, klass);
         if (RCLASS_CONST_TBL(klass)) {
             struct clone_const_arg arg;
             arg.tbl = RCLASS_CONST_TBL(clone) = rb_id_table_create(0);
             arg.klass = clone;
             rb_id_table_foreach(RCLASS_CONST_TBL(klass), clone_const_i, &arg);
         }
-        if (attach != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(attach)) {
             rb_singleton_class_attached(clone, attach);
         }
         RCLASS_M_TBL_INIT(clone);
@@ -645,7 +700,7 @@ void
 rb_singleton_class_attached(VALUE klass, VALUE obj)
 {
     if (FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
-        rb_class_ivar_set(klass, id_attached, obj);
+        RCLASS_SET_ATTACHED_OBJECT(klass, obj);
     }
 }
 
@@ -659,13 +714,13 @@ rb_singleton_class_attached(VALUE klass, VALUE obj)
 static int
 rb_singleton_class_has_metaclass_p(VALUE sklass)
 {
-    return rb_attr_get(METACLASS_OF(sklass), id_attached) == sklass;
+    return RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(METACLASS_OF(sklass)) == sklass;
 }
 
 int
 rb_singleton_class_internal_p(VALUE sklass)
 {
-    return (RB_TYPE_P(rb_attr_get(sklass, id_attached), T_CLASS) &&
+    return (RB_TYPE_P(RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(sklass), T_CLASS) &&
             !rb_singleton_class_has_metaclass_p(sklass));
 }
 
@@ -811,6 +866,27 @@ refinement_import_methods(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE refinement)
 }
 # endif
 
+/*!
+ *--
+ * \private
+ * Initializes the world of objects and classes.
+ *
+ * At first, the function bootstraps the class hierarchy.
+ * It initializes the most fundamental classes and their metaclasses.
+ * - \c BasicObject
+ * - \c Object
+ * - \c Module
+ * - \c Class
+ * After the bootstrap step, the class hierarchy becomes as the following
+ * diagram.
+ *
+ * \image html boottime-classes.png
+ *
+ * Then, the function defines classes, modules and methods as usual.
+ * \ingroup class
+ *++
+ */
+
 void
 Init_class_hierarchy(void)
 {
@@ -883,7 +959,7 @@ rb_define_class_id(ID id, VALUE super)
  * \return the value \c Class#inherited's returns
  * \pre Each of \a super and \a klass must be a \c Class object.
  */
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_class_inherited(VALUE super, VALUE klass)
 {
     ID inherited;
@@ -931,7 +1007,7 @@ rb_define_class_under(VALUE outer, const char *name, VALUE super)
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_define_class_id_under(VALUE outer, ID id, VALUE super)
+rb_define_class_id_under_no_pin(VALUE outer, ID id, VALUE super)
 {
     VALUE klass;
 
@@ -948,8 +1024,6 @@ rb_define_class_id_under(VALUE outer, ID id, VALUE super)
                      " (%"PRIsVALUE" is given but was %"PRIsVALUE")",
                      outer, rb_id2str(id), RCLASS_SUPER(klass), super);
         }
-        /* Class may have been defined in Ruby and not pin-rooted */
-        rb_vm_add_root_module(klass);
 
         return klass;
     }
@@ -961,12 +1035,19 @@ rb_define_class_id_under(VALUE outer, ID id, VALUE super)
     rb_set_class_path_string(klass, outer, rb_id2str(id));
     rb_const_set(outer, id, klass);
     rb_class_inherited(super, klass);
-    rb_vm_add_root_module(klass);
 
     return klass;
 }
 
 VALUE
+rb_define_class_id_under(VALUE outer, ID id, VALUE super)
+{
+    VALUE klass = rb_define_class_id_under_no_pin(outer, id, super);
+    rb_vm_add_root_module(klass);
+    return klass;
+}
+
+VALUE
 rb_module_s_alloc(VALUE klass)
 {
     VALUE mod = class_alloc(T_MODULE, klass);
@@ -1061,20 +1142,17 @@ rb_include_class_new(VALUE module, VALUE super)
 {
     VALUE klass = class_alloc(T_ICLASS, rb_cClass);
 
-    RCLASS_M_TBL(klass) = RCLASS_M_TBL(module);
+    RCLASS_SET_M_TBL(klass, RCLASS_M_TBL(module));
 
     RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN(klass, klass);
     if (BUILTIN_TYPE(module) == T_ICLASS) {
         module = METACLASS_OF(module);
     }
     RUBY_ASSERT(!RB_TYPE_P(module, T_ICLASS));
-    if (!RCLASS_IV_TBL(module)) {
-        RCLASS_IV_TBL(module) = st_init_numtable();
-    }
     if (!RCLASS_CONST_TBL(module)) {
         RCLASS_CONST_TBL(module) = rb_id_table_create(0);
     }
-    RCLASS_IV_TBL(klass) = RCLASS_IV_TBL(module);
+
     RCLASS_CVC_TBL(klass) = RCLASS_CVC_TBL(module);
     RCLASS_CONST_TBL(klass) = RCLASS_CONST_TBL(module);
 
@@ -1340,10 +1418,10 @@ ensure_origin(VALUE klass)
     VALUE origin = RCLASS_ORIGIN(klass);
     if (origin == klass) {
         origin = class_alloc(T_ICLASS, klass);
+        RCLASS_SET_M_TBL(origin, RCLASS_M_TBL(klass));
         RCLASS_SET_SUPER(origin, RCLASS_SUPER(klass));
         RCLASS_SET_SUPER(klass, origin);
         RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN(klass, origin);
-        RCLASS_M_TBL(origin) = RCLASS_M_TBL(klass);
         RCLASS_M_TBL_INIT(klass);
         rb_id_table_foreach(RCLASS_M_TBL(origin), cache_clear_refined_method, (void *)klass);
         rb_id_table_foreach(RCLASS_M_TBL(origin), move_refined_method, (void *)klass);
@@ -1583,6 +1661,27 @@ class_descendants(VALUE klass, bool immediate_only)
  *     A.subclasses        #=> [D, B]
  *     B.subclasses        #=> [C]
  *     C.subclasses        #=> []
+ *
+ *  Anonymous subclasses (not associated with a constant) are
+ *  returned, too:
+ *
+ *     c = Class.new(A)
+ *     A.subclasses        # => [#<Class:0x00007f003c77bd78>, D, B]
+ *
+ *  Note that the parent does not hold references to subclasses
+ *  and doesn't prevent them from being garbage collected. This
+ *  means that the subclass might disappear when all references
+ *  to it are dropped:
+ *
+ *     # drop the reference to subclass, it can be garbage-collected now
+ *     c = nil
+ *
+ *     A.subclasses
+ *     # It can be
+ *     #  => [#<Class:0x00007f003c77bd78>, D, B]
+ *     # ...or just
+ *     #  => [D, B]
+ *     # ...depending on whether garbage collector was run
  */
 
 VALUE
@@ -1591,6 +1690,33 @@ rb_class_subclasses(VALUE klass)
     return class_descendants(klass, true);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     attached_object -> object
+ *
+ *  Returns the object for which the receiver is the singleton class.
+ *
+ *  Raises an TypeError if the class is not a singleton class.
+ *
+ *     class Foo; end
+ *
+ *     Foo.singleton_class.attached_object        #=> Foo
+ *     Foo.attached_object                        #=> TypeError: `Foo' is not a singleton class
+ *     Foo.new.singleton_class.attached_object    #=> #<Foo:0x000000010491a370>
+ *     TrueClass.attached_object                  #=> TypeError: `TrueClass' is not a singleton class
+ *     NilClass.attached_object                   #=> TypeError: `NilClass' is not a singleton class
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_class_attached_object(VALUE klass)
+{
+    if (!FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "`%"PRIsVALUE"' is not a singleton class", klass);
+    }
+
+    return RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(klass);
+}
+
 static void
 ins_methods_push(st_data_t name, st_data_t ary)
 {
@@ -1641,10 +1767,7 @@ ins_methods_pub_i(st_data_t name, st_data_t type, st_data_t ary)
 static int
 ins_methods_undef_i(st_data_t name, st_data_t type, st_data_t ary)
 {
-    if ((rb_method_visibility_t)type == METHOD_VISI_UNDEF) {
-        ins_methods_push(name, ary);
-    }
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
+    return ins_methods_type_i(name, type, ary, METHOD_VISI_UNDEF);
 }
 
 struct method_entry_arg {
@@ -2120,10 +2243,8 @@ singleton_class_of(VALUE obj)
 
     klass = METACLASS_OF(obj);
     if (!(FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON) &&
-          rb_attr_get(klass, id_attached) == obj)) {
-        rb_serial_t serial = RCLASS_SERIAL(klass);
+          RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(klass) == obj)) {
         klass = rb_make_metaclass(obj, klass);
-        RCLASS_SERIAL(klass) = serial;
     }
 
     RB_FL_SET_RAW(klass, RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW(obj));
@@ -2137,7 +2258,7 @@ rb_freeze_singleton_class(VALUE x)
     /* should not propagate to meta-meta-class, and so on */
     if (!(RBASIC(x)->flags & FL_SINGLETON)) {
         VALUE klass = RBASIC_CLASS(x);
-        if (klass && (klass = RCLASS_ORIGIN(klass)) != 0 &&
+        if (klass && // no class when hidden from ObjectSpace
             FL_TEST(klass, (FL_SINGLETON|FL_FREEZE)) == FL_SINGLETON) {
             OBJ_FREEZE_RAW(klass);
         }
@@ -2161,7 +2282,7 @@ rb_singleton_class_get(VALUE obj)
     }
     klass = METACLASS_OF(obj);
     if (!FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) return Qnil;
-    if (rb_attr_get(klass, id_attached) != obj) return Qnil;
+    if (RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(klass) != obj) return Qnil;
     return klass;
 }
 
@@ -2225,7 +2346,7 @@ rb_define_attr(VALUE klass, const char *name, int read, int write)
     rb_attr(klass, rb_intern(name), read, write, FALSE);
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_keyword_error_new(const char *error, VALUE keys)
 {
     long i = 0, len = RARRAY_LEN(keys);
diff --git a/common.mk b/common.mk
index 3d3976d5d5..83f10f7a58 100644
--- a/common.mk
+++ b/common.mk
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # -*- mode: makefile-gmake; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+# This fragment can be used with nmake.exe and with bsdmake.
+# Avoid features specific to GNU Make.
 
 bin: $(PROGRAM) $(WPROGRAM)
 lib: $(LIBRUBY)
@@ -18,8 +20,10 @@ mflags = $(MFLAGS)
 gnumake_recursive =
 enable_shared = $(ENABLE_SHARED:no=)
 
-UNICODE_VERSION = 14.0.0
-UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION = 14.0
+UNICODE_VERSION = 15.0.0
+UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_0 = $(UNICODE_VERSION)///
+UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_1 = $(UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_0:.0///=)
+UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION = $(UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_1:///=)
 UNICODE_BETA = NO
 
 ### set the following environment variable or uncomment the line if
@@ -41,20 +45,15 @@ RUN_OPTS      = --disable-gems
 
 # GITPULLOPTIONS = --no-tags
 
-INCFLAGS = -I. -I$(arch_hdrdir) -I$(hdrdir) -I$(srcdir) -I$(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)
+PRISM_SRCDIR = $(srcdir)/prism
+INCFLAGS = -I. -I$(arch_hdrdir) -I$(hdrdir) -I$(srcdir) -I$(PRISM_SRCDIR) -I$(UNICODE_HDR_DIR) $(incflags)
 
 GEM_HOME =
 GEM_PATH =
 GEM_VENDOR =
 
 BENCHMARK_DRIVER_GIT_URL = https://github.com/benchmark-driver/benchmark-driver
-BENCHMARK_DRIVER_GIT_REF = v0.15.18
-SIMPLECOV_GIT_URL = https://github.com/colszowka/simplecov.git
-SIMPLECOV_GIT_REF = v0.17.0
-SIMPLECOV_HTML_GIT_URL = https://github.com/colszowka/simplecov-html.git
-SIMPLECOV_HTML_GIT_REF = v0.10.2
-DOCLIE_GIT_URL = https://github.com/ms-ati/docile.git
-DOCLIE_GIT_REF = v1.3.2
+BENCHMARK_DRIVER_GIT_REF = v0.16.3
 
 STATIC_RUBY   = static-ruby
 
@@ -82,7 +81,35 @@ EXTSOLIBS     =
 MINIOBJS      = $(ARCHMINIOBJS) miniinit.$(OBJEXT) dmyext.$(OBJEXT)
 ENC_MK        = enc.mk
 MAKE_ENC      = -f $(ENC_MK) V="$(V)" UNICODE_HDR_DIR="$(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)" \
-		RUBY="$(MINIRUBY)" MINIRUBY="$(MINIRUBY)" $(mflags)
+		RUBY="$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY)" MINIRUBY="$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY)" $(mflags)
+
+PRISM_BUILD_DIR = prism
+
+PRISM_FILES = prism/api_node.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/api_pack.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/diagnostic.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/encoding.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/extension.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/node.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/options.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/pack.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/prettyprint.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/regexp.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/serialize.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/token_type.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_buffer.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_char.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_constant_pool.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_list.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_memchr.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_newline_list.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_state_stack.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_string.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_string_list.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/util/pm_strpbrk.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism/prism.$(OBJEXT) \
+		prism_init.$(OBJEXT)
 
 COMMONOBJS    = array.$(OBJEXT) \
 		ast.$(OBJEXT) \
@@ -112,13 +139,15 @@ COMMONOBJS    = array.$(OBJEXT) \
 		marshal.$(OBJEXT) \
 		math.$(OBJEXT) \
 		memory_view.$(OBJEXT) \
-		mjit.$(OBJEXT) \
-		mjit_compiler.$(OBJEXT) \
+		rjit.$(OBJEXT) \
+		rjit_c.$(OBJEXT) \
 		node.$(OBJEXT) \
+		node_dump.$(OBJEXT) \
 		numeric.$(OBJEXT) \
 		object.$(OBJEXT) \
 		pack.$(OBJEXT) \
 		parse.$(OBJEXT) \
+		parser_st.$(OBJEXT) \
 		proc.$(OBJEXT) \
 		process.$(OBJEXT) \
 		ractor.$(OBJEXT) \
@@ -133,7 +162,9 @@ COMMONOBJS    = array.$(OBJEXT) \
 		regparse.$(OBJEXT) \
 		regsyntax.$(OBJEXT) \
 		ruby.$(OBJEXT) \
+		ruby_parser.$(OBJEXT) \
 		scheduler.$(OBJEXT) \
+		shape.$(OBJEXT) \
 		signal.$(OBJEXT) \
 		sprintf.$(OBJEXT) \
 		st.$(OBJEXT) \
@@ -144,7 +175,6 @@ COMMONOBJS    = array.$(OBJEXT) \
 		thread.$(OBJEXT) \
 		time.$(OBJEXT) \
 		transcode.$(OBJEXT) \
-		transient_heap.$(OBJEXT) \
 		util.$(OBJEXT) \
 		variable.$(OBJEXT) \
 		version.$(OBJEXT) \
@@ -153,13 +183,81 @@ COMMONOBJS    = array.$(OBJEXT) \
 		vm_dump.$(OBJEXT) \
 		vm_sync.$(OBJEXT) \
 		vm_trace.$(OBJEXT) \
+		weakmap.$(OBJEXT) \
+		$(PRISM_FILES) \
 		$(YJIT_OBJ) \
+		$(YJIT_LIBOBJ) \
 		$(COROUTINE_OBJ) \
 		$(DTRACE_OBJ) \
 		$(BUILTIN_ENCOBJS) \
 		$(BUILTIN_TRANSOBJS) \
 		$(MISSING)
 
+$(PRISM_FILES): $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/.time $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/util/.time
+
+$(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/.time $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/util/.time:
+	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D)
+	@$(NULLCMD) > $@
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/compiler.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/compiler.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/compiler.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/compiler.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/compiler.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/compiler.rb
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/dispatcher.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/dispatcher.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/dispatcher.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/dispatcher.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/dispatcher.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/dispatcher.rb
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/dsl.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/dsl.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/dsl.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/dsl.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/dsl.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/dsl.rb
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/node.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/node.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/node.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/node.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/node.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/node.rb
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/serialize.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/serialize.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/serialize.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/serialize.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/serialize.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/serialize.rb
+
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/visitor.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/prism/visitor.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/prism/visitor.rb: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/lib/prism/visitor.rb.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb lib/prism/visitor.rb $(srcdir)/lib/prism/visitor.rb
+
+srcs: prism/api_node.c
+prism/api_node.c: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/ext/prism/api_node.c.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb ext/prism/api_node.c $@
+
+srcs: prism/ast.h
+prism/ast.h: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/include/prism/ast.h.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb include/prism/ast.h $@
+
+srcs: prism/node.c
+prism/node.c: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/src/node.c.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb src/node.c $@
+
+srcs: prism/prettyprint.c
+prism/prettyprint.c: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/src/prettyprint.c.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb src/prettyprint.c $@
+
+srcs: prism/serialize.c
+prism/serialize.c: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/src/serialize.c.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb src/serialize.c $@
+
+srcs: prism/token_type.c
+prism/token_type.c: $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/config.yml $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/src/token_type.c.erb
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(PRISM_SRCDIR)/templates/template.rb src/token_type.c $@
+
 EXPORTOBJS    = $(DLNOBJ) \
 		localeinit.$(OBJEXT) \
 		loadpath.$(OBJEXT) \
@@ -195,9 +293,10 @@ INSTRUBY_ARGS =	$(SCRIPT_ARGS) \
 INSTALL_PROG_MODE = 0755
 INSTALL_DATA_MODE = 0644
 
+BOOTSTRAPRUBY_COMMAND = $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_OPT)
 TESTSDIR      = $(srcdir)/test
 TOOL_TESTSDIR = $(tooldir)/test
-TEST_EXCLUDES = --excludes-dir=$(TESTSDIR)/excludes --name=!/memory_leak/
+TEST_EXCLUDES = --excludes-dir=$(TESTSDIR)/.excludes --name=!/memory_leak/
 TESTWORKDIR   = testwork
 TESTOPTS      = $(RUBY_TESTOPTS)
 
@@ -216,42 +315,31 @@ MAKE_LINK = $(MINIRUBY) -rfileutils -e "include FileUtils::Verbose" \
 	  -e "noraise {ln(src, dest)} or" \
 	  -e "cp(src, dest)"
 
+# For release builds
+YJIT_RUSTC_ARGS = --crate-name=yjit \
+	--crate-type=staticlib \
+	--edition=2021 \
+	-g \
+	-C lto=thin \
+	-C opt-level=3 \
+	-C overflow-checks=on \
+	'--out-dir=$(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/release/' \
+	$(top_srcdir)/yjit/src/lib.rs
 
 all: $(SHOWFLAGS) main docs
 
 main: $(SHOWFLAGS) exts $(ENCSTATIC:static=lib)encs
 	@$(NULLCMD)
 
-mjit-headers: $(MJIT_SUPPORT)-mjit-headers
-no-mjit-headers: PHONY
-yes-mjit-headers: mjit_config.h PHONY
-
-mjit.$(OBJEXT): mjit_config.h
-mjit_config.h: Makefile
-
-
-# These rules using MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX must be in common.mk, not
-# Makefile.in, in order to override the macro in defs/universal.mk.
-
-# Other `-Dxxx`s preceding `-DMJIT_HEADER` will be removed in transform_mjit_header.rb.
-# So `-DMJIT_HEADER` should be passed first when rb_mjit_header.h is generated.
-$(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX).time: probes.h vm.$(OBJEXT) \
-		$(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$(arch)/.time $(tooldir)/mjit_tabs.rb $(PREP) $(RBCONFIG)
-	$(ECHO) building $(@F:.time=.h)
-	$(Q)$(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/mjit_tabs.rb "$(MJIT_TABS)" \
-		$(CPP) -DMJIT_HEADER $(MJIT_HEADER_FLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(XCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(srcdir)/vm.c $(CPPOUTFLAG)$(@F:.time=.h).new
-	$(Q) $(IFCHANGE) "--timestamp=$@" $(@F:.time=.h) $(@F:.time=.h).new
-
-$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX).h: $(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX).time
+main: $(srcdir)/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/instruction.rb
+srcs: $(srcdir)/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/instruction.rb
+$(srcdir)/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/instruction.rb: $(tooldir)/insns2vm.rb $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/instruction.rb.erb $(srcdir)/insns.def
+	$(ECHO) generating $@
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -Ku $(tooldir)/insns2vm.rb --basedir="$(srcdir)" $(INSNS2VMOPT) $@
 
-$(MJIT_MIN_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX).h: \
-		$(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX).time \
-		$(tooldir)/transform_mjit_header.rb $(PREP) \
-		$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX).h
-	$(ECHO) building $@
-	$(Q)$(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/transform_mjit_header.rb "$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -w" $(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_ARCH).h $@
-	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR)
-	$(Q) $(MAKE_LINK) $@ $(MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR)/$(@F)
+.PHONY: rjit-bindgen
+rjit-bindgen:
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -rrubygems -C $(srcdir)/tool/rjit bindgen.rb $(CURDIR)
 
 .PHONY: showflags
 exts enc trans: $(SHOWFLAGS)
@@ -270,6 +358,8 @@ showflags:
 	"	LC_ALL = $(LC_ALL)" \
 	"	LC_CTYPE = $(LC_CTYPE)" \
 	"	MFLAGS = $(MFLAGS)" \
+	"	RUSTC = $(RUSTC)" \
+	"	YJIT_RUSTC_ARGS = $(YJIT_RUSTC_ARGS)" \
 	$(MESSAGE_END)
 	-@$(CC_VERSION)
 
@@ -305,7 +395,8 @@ configure-ext: $(EXTS_MK)
 
 build-ext: $(EXTS_MK)
 	$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(EXTS_MK) $(mflags) libdir="$(libdir)" LIBRUBY_EXTS=$(LIBRUBY_EXTS) \
-	    EXTENCS="$(ENCOBJS)" MINIRUBY="$(MINIRUBY)" UPDATE_LIBRARIES=no $(EXTSTATIC)
+	    EXTENCS="$(ENCOBJS)" BASERUBY="$(BASERUBY)" MINIRUBY="$(MINIRUBY)" \
+	    UPDATE_LIBRARIES=no $(EXTSTATIC)
 	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(EXTS_NOTE)
 
 exts-note: $(EXTS_MK)
@@ -348,8 +439,8 @@ Doxyfile: $(srcdir)/template/Doxyfile.tmpl $(PREP) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(R
 	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -o $@ $(srcdir)/template/Doxyfile.tmpl \
 	--srcdir="$(srcdir)" --miniruby="$(MINIRUBY)"
 
-program: $(SHOWFLAGS) $(PROGRAM)
-wprogram: $(SHOWFLAGS) $(WPROGRAM)
+program: $(SHOWFLAGS) $(DOT_WAIT) $(PROGRAM)
+wprogram: $(SHOWFLAGS) $(DOT_WAIT) $(WPROGRAM)
 mini: PHONY miniruby$(EXEEXT)
 
 $(PROGRAM) $(WPROGRAM): $(LIBRUBY) $(MAINOBJ) $(OBJS) $(EXTOBJS) $(SETUP) $(PREP)
@@ -370,12 +461,12 @@ ruby.imp: $(COMMONOBJS)
 	$(NM) -Pgp $(COMMONOBJS) | \
 	awk 'BEGIN{print "#!"}; $$2~/^[A-TV-Z]$$/&&$$1!~/^$(SYMBOL_PREFIX)(Init_|InitVM_|ruby_static_id_|.*_threadptr_|rb_ec_)|^\./{print $$1}'; \
 	($(CHDIR) $(srcdir) && \
-	 exec sed -n '/^MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED/!d;N;s/.*\n\(rb_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*\).*/$(SYMBOL_PREFIX)\1/p' cont.c gc.c thread*c vm*.c) \
+	 exec sed -n '/^RJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED/!d;N;s/.*\n\(rb_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*\).*/$(SYMBOL_PREFIX)\1/p' cont.c gc.c thread*c vm*.c) \
 	} | \
 	sort -u -o $@
 
 install: install-$(INSTALLDOC)
-docs: $(DOCTARGETS)
+docs: srcs-doc $(DOCTARGETS)
 pkgconfig-data: $(ruby_pc)
 $(ruby_pc): $(srcdir)/template/ruby.pc.in config.status
 
@@ -569,18 +660,24 @@ do-install-dbg: $(PROGRAM) pre-install-dbg
 post-install-dbg::
 	@$(NULLCMD)
 
-rdoc: PHONY main
+rdoc: PHONY main srcs-doc
 	@echo Generating RDoc documentation
 	$(Q) $(RDOC) --ri --op "$(RDOCOUT)" $(RDOC_GEN_OPTS) $(RDOCFLAGS) "$(srcdir)"
 
-html: PHONY main
+html: PHONY main srcs-doc
 	@echo Generating RDoc HTML files
 	$(Q) $(RDOC) --op "$(HTMLOUT)" $(RDOC_GEN_OPTS) $(RDOCFLAGS) "$(srcdir)"
 
-rdoc-coverage: PHONY main
+rdoc-coverage: PHONY main srcs-doc
 	@echo Generating RDoc coverage report
 	$(Q) $(RDOC) --quiet -C $(RDOCFLAGS) "$(srcdir)"
 
+undocumented: PHONY main srcs-doc
+	$(Q) $(RDOC) --quiet -C $(RDOCFLAGS) "$(srcdir)" | \
+	sed -n \
+	-e '/^ *# in file /{' -e 's///;N;s/\n/: /p' -e '}' \
+	-e 's/^ *\(.*[^ ]\) *# in file \(.*\)/\2: \1/p'
+
 RDOCBENCHOUT=/tmp/rdocbench
 
 GCBENCH_ITEM=null
@@ -610,12 +707,16 @@ clear-installed-list: PHONY
 
 clean: clean-ext clean-enc clean-golf clean-docs clean-extout clean-local clean-platform clean-spec
 clean-local:: clean-runnable
-	$(Q)$(RM) $(OBJS) $(MINIOBJS) $(MAINOBJ) $(LIBRUBY_A) $(LIBRUBY_SO) $(LIBRUBY) $(LIBRUBY_ALIASES)
+	$(Q)$(RM) $(OBJS) $(MINIOBJS) $(INITOBJS) $(MAINOBJ) $(LIBRUBY_A) $(LIBRUBY_SO) $(LIBRUBY) $(LIBRUBY_ALIASES)
 	$(Q)$(RM) $(PROGRAM) $(WPROGRAM) miniruby$(EXEEXT) dmyext.$(OBJEXT) dmyenc.$(OBJEXT) $(ARCHFILE) .*.time
 	$(Q)$(RM) y.tab.c y.output encdb.h transdb.h config.log rbconfig.rb $(ruby_pc) $(COROUTINE_H:/Context.h=/.time)
 	$(Q)$(RM) probes.h probes.$(OBJEXT) probes.stamp ruby-glommed.$(OBJEXT) ruby.imp ChangeLog $(STATIC_RUBY)$(EXEEXT)
 	$(Q)$(RM) GNUmakefile.old Makefile.old $(arch)-fake.rb bisect.sh $(ENC_TRANS_D) builtin_binary.inc
-	-$(Q) $(RMDIR) enc/jis enc/trans enc $(COROUTINE_H:/Context.h=) coroutine 2> $(NULL) || $(NULLCMD)
+	$(Q)$(RM) $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/.time $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/*/.time
+	-$(Q)$(RMALL) yjit/target
+	-$(Q) $(RMDIR) enc/jis enc/trans enc $(COROUTINE_H:/Context.h=) coroutine yjit \
+	  $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR)/*/ $(PRISM_BUILD_DIR) tmp \
+	2> $(NULL) || $(NULLCMD)
 
 bin/clean-runnable:: PHONY
 	$(Q)$(CHDIR) bin 2>$(NULL) && $(RM) $(PROGRAM) $(WPROGRAM) $(GORUBY)$(EXEEXT) bin/*.$(DLEXT) 2>$(NULL) || $(NULLCMD)
@@ -663,8 +764,6 @@ clean-srcs-local::
 	$(Q)$(RM) parse.c parse.h lex.c enc/trans/newline.c revision.h
 	$(Q)$(RM) id.c id.h probes.dmyh probes.h
 	$(Q)$(RM) encdb.h transdb.h verconf.h ruby-runner.h
-	$(Q)$(RM) mjit_config.h rb_mjit_header.h
-	$(Q)$(RM) $(MJIT_MIN_HEADER) $(MJIT_MIN_HEADER:.h=)$(MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX:%=*).h
 
 realclean-srcs-local:: clean-srcs-local
 	$(Q)$(CHDIR) $(srcdir) && $(RM) \
@@ -741,7 +840,7 @@ clean-spec: PHONY
 	-$(Q) $(RMDIRS) $(RUBYSPEC_CAPIEXT) 2> $(NULL) || $(NULLCMD)
 	-$(Q) $(RMALL) rubyspec_temp
 
-check: main test test-tool test-all test-spec
+check: main $(DOT_WAIT) test $(DOT_WAIT) test-tool $(DOT_WAIT) test-all
 	$(ECHO) check succeeded
 	-$(Q) : : "run only on sh"; \
 	if [ x"$(GIT)" != x ] && $(CHDIR) "$(srcdir)" && \
@@ -755,26 +854,42 @@ fake: $(CROSS_COMPILING)-fake
 yes-fake: $(arch)-fake.rb $(RBCONFIG) PHONY
 no-fake -fake: PHONY
 
-# really doesn't depend on .o, just ensure newer than headers which
-# version.o depends on.
-$(arch)-fake.rb: $(srcdir)/template/fake.rb.in $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb version.$(OBJEXT) miniruby$(EXEEXT)
+$(HAVE_BASERUBY:no=)$(arch)-fake.rb: miniruby$(EXEEXT)
+
+# actually depending on other headers more.
+$(arch:noarch=ignore)-fake.rb: $(top_srcdir)/revision.h $(top_srcdir)/version.h $(srcdir)/version.c
+$(arch:noarch=ignore)-fake.rb: {$(VPATH)}id.h {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h $(REVISION_H)
+
+$(arch:noarch=ignore)-fake.rb: $(srcdir)/template/fake.rb.in $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
 	$(Q) $(CPP) -DRUBY_EXPORT $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) "$(srcdir)/version.c" | \
 	$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) "$(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb" -o $@ "$(srcdir)/template/fake.rb.in" \
-		i=- srcdir="$(srcdir)" BASERUBY="$(BASERUBY)"
+	    i=- srcdir="$(srcdir)" BASERUBY="$(BASERUBY)" \
+	    LIBPATHENV="$(LIBPATHENV)" PRELOADENV="$(PRELOADENV)" LIBRUBY_SO="$(LIBRUBY_SO)"
+
+noarch-fake.rb: # prerequisite of yes-fake
+	$(Q) exit > $@
 
+# runner: BASERUBY, target: miniruby
 btest: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-btest
 no-btest: PHONY
 yes-btest: yes-fake miniruby$(EXEEXT) PHONY
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
-	$(Q)$(exec) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) "$(srcdir)/bootstraptest/runner.rb" --ruby="$(BTESTRUBY) $(RUN_OPTS)" $(OPTS) $(TESTOPTS) $(BTESTS)
+	$(Q)$(gnumake_recursive)$(exec) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) "$(srcdir)/bootstraptest/runner.rb" --ruby="$(BTESTRUBY) $(RUN_OPTS)" $(OPTS) $(TESTOPTS) $(BTESTS)
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 
+# runner: ruby, target: ruby
 btest-ruby: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-btest-ruby
 no-btest-ruby: PHONY
 yes-btest-ruby: prog PHONY
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
-	$(Q)$(exec) $(RUNRUBY) "$(srcdir)/bootstraptest/runner.rb" --ruby="$(PROGRAM) -I$(srcdir)/lib $(RUN_OPTS)" -q $(OPTS) $(TESTOPTS) $(BTESTS)
+	$(Q)$(gnumake_recursive)$(exec) $(RUNRUBY) "$(srcdir)/bootstraptest/runner.rb" --ruby="$(PROGRAM) -I$(srcdir)/lib $(RUN_OPTS)" $(OPTS) $(TESTOPTS) $(BTESTS)
+	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
+
+# runner: BASERUBY, target: ruby
+btest-bruby: prog PHONY
+	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
+	$(Q)$(gnumake_recursive)$(exec) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) "$(srcdir)/bootstraptest/runner.rb" --ruby="$(PROGRAM) -I$(srcdir)/lib $(RUN_OPTS)" $(OPTS) $(TESTOPTS) $(BTESTS)
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 
 rtest: yes-fake miniruby$(EXEEXT) PHONY
@@ -812,13 +927,20 @@ yes-test-tool: prog PHONY
 no-test-tool: PHONY
 
 test-sample: test-basic # backward compatibility for mswin-build
-test-short: btest-ruby test-knownbug test-basic
+test-short: btest-ruby $(DOT_WAIT) test-knownbug $(DOT_WAIT) test-basic
 test: test-short
 
+# Separate to skip updating encs and exts by `make -o test-precheck`
+# for GNU make.
+test-precheck: encs exts PHONY $(DOT_WAIT)
+yes-test-all-precheck: programs $(DOT_WAIT) test-precheck
+
+PRECHECK_TEST_ALL = yes-test-all-precheck
+
 # $ make test-all TESTOPTS="--help" displays more detail
 # for example, make test-all TESTOPTS="-j2 -v -n test-name -- test-file-name"
 test-all: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-all
-yes-test-all: programs PHONY
+yes-test-all: $(PRECHECK_TEST_ALL)
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
 	$(gnumake_recursive)$(Q)$(exec) $(RUNRUBY) "$(TESTSDIR)/runner.rb" --ruby="$(RUNRUBY)" $(TEST_EXCLUDES) $(TESTOPTS) $(TESTS)
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
@@ -839,7 +961,10 @@ extconf: $(PREP)
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) "$(EXTCONFDIR)"
 	$(RUNRUBY) -C "$(EXTCONFDIR)" $(EXTCONF) $(EXTCONFARGS)
 
-$(RBCONFIG): $(tooldir)/mkconfig.rb config.status $(srcdir)/version.h
+rbconfig.rb: $(RBCONFIG)
+
+$(HAVE_BASERUBY:no=)$(RBCONFIG)$(HAVE_BASERUBY:no=): $(PREP)
+$(RBCONFIG): $(tooldir)/mkconfig.rb config.status $(srcdir)/version.h $(srcdir)/common.mk
 	$(Q)$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) -n \
 	-e 'BEGIN{version=ARGV.shift;mis=ARGV.dup}' \
 	-e 'END{abort "UNICODE version mismatch: #{mis}" unless mis.empty?}' \
@@ -857,16 +982,19 @@ $(RBCONFIG): $(tooldir)/mkconfig.rb config.status $(srcdir)/version.h
 test-rubyspec: test-spec
 yes-test-rubyspec: yes-test-spec
 
-test-spec-precheck: programs
+yes-test-spec-precheck: yes-test-all-precheck yes-fake
 
 test-spec: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-spec
-yes-test-spec: test-spec-precheck
+yes-test-spec: yes-test-spec-precheck
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
 	$(gnumake_recursive)$(Q) \
-	$(RUNRUBY) -r./$(arch)-fake $(srcdir)/spec/mspec/bin/mspec run -B $(srcdir)/spec/default.mspec $(MSPECOPT) $(SPECOPTS)
+	$(RUNRUBY) -r./$(arch)-fake -r$(tooldir)/rubyspec_temp \
+		$(srcdir)/spec/mspec/bin/mspec run -B $(srcdir)/spec/default.mspec $(MSPECOPT) $(SPECOPTS)
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 no-test-spec:
 
+check: $(DOT_WAIT) test-spec
+
 RUNNABLE = $(LIBRUBY_RELATIVE:no=un)-runnable
 runnable: $(RUNNABLE) prog $(tooldir)/mkrunnable.rb PHONY
 	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/mkrunnable.rb -v $(EXTOUT)
@@ -885,9 +1013,10 @@ libtrans trans: {$(VPATH)}transdb.h
 ENC_HEADERS = $(srcdir)/enc/jis/props.h
 # Use MINIRUBY which loads fake.rb for cross compiling
 $(ENC_MK): $(srcdir)/enc/make_encmake.rb $(srcdir)/enc/Makefile.in $(srcdir)/enc/depend \
-	   $(srcdir)/enc/encinit.c.erb $(ENC_HEADERS) $(srcdir)/lib/mkmf.rb $(RBCONFIG) fake
+	   $(srcdir)/enc/encinit.c.erb $(ENC_HEADERS) $(srcdir)/lib/mkmf.rb $(RBCONFIG) $(HAVE_BASERUBY)-fake
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/enc/make_encmake.rb --builtin-encs="$(BUILTIN_ENCOBJS)" --builtin-transes="$(BUILTIN_TRANSOBJS)" --module$(ENCSTATIC) $(ENCS) $@
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_COMMAND) $(srcdir)/enc/make_encmake.rb \
+	  --builtin-encs="$(BUILTIN_ENCOBJS)" --builtin-transes="$(BUILTIN_TRANSOBJS)" --module$(ENCSTATIC) $(ENCS) $@
 
 .PRECIOUS: $(MKFILES)
 
@@ -904,30 +1033,24 @@ $(ENC_MK): $(srcdir)/enc/make_encmake.rb $(srcdir)/enc/Makefile.in $(srcdir)/enc
 
 PHONY:
 
-{$(VPATH)}parse.c: {$(VPATH)}parse.y $(tooldir)/ytab.sed {$(VPATH)}id.h
+{$(VPATH)}parse.c: {$(VPATH)}parse.y {$(VPATH)}id.h
 {$(VPATH)}parse.h: {$(VPATH)}parse.c
 
 {$(srcdir)}.y.c:
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q)$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/id2token.rb --path-separator=.$(PATH_SEPARATOR)./ --vpath=$(VPATH) id.h $(SRC_FILE) > parse.tmp.y
-	$(Q)$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/pure_parser.rb parse.tmp.y $(YACC)
-	$(Q)$(RM) parse.tmp.y.bak
-	$(Q)$(YACC) -d $(YFLAGS) -o y.tab.c parse.tmp.y
-	$(Q)$(RM) parse.tmp.y
-	$(Q)sed -f $(tooldir)/ytab.sed -e "/^#/s|parse\.tmp\.[iy]|$(SRC_FILE)|" -e "/^#/s!y\.tab\.c!$@!" y.tab.c > $@.new
-	$(Q)$(MV) $@.new $@
-	$(Q)sed -e "/^#line.*y\.tab\.h/d;/^#line.*parse.*\.y/d" y.tab.h > $(@:.c=.h)
-	$(Q)$(RM) y.tab.c y.tab.h
+	$(Q)$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/id2token.rb $(SRC_FILE) | \
+	$(YACC) $(YFLAGS) -o$@ -H$*.h - parse.y
 
 $(PLATFORM_D):
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(PLATFORM_DIR) $(@D)
 	@$(NULLCMD) > $@
 
-exe/$(PROGRAM): ruby-runner.c ruby-runner.h exe/.time miniruby$(EXEEXT) {$(VPATH)}config.h
+exe/$(PROGRAM): $(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$(arch)/.time
+exe/$(PROGRAM): ruby-runner.c ruby-runner.h exe/.time $(PREP) {$(VPATH)}config.h
 	$(Q) $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -DRUBY_INSTALL_NAME=$(@F) $(COUTFLAG)ruby-runner.$(OBJEXT) -c $(CSRCFLAG)$(srcdir)/ruby-runner.c
 	$(Q) $(PURIFY) $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(OUTFLAG)$@ ruby-runner.$(OBJEXT) $(LIBS)
 	$(Q) $(POSTLINK)
-	$(Q) ./miniruby$(EXEEXT) \
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) \
 	    -e 'prog, dest, inst = ARGV; dest += "/ruby"' \
 	    -e 'exit unless prog==inst' \
 	    -e 'unless prog=="ruby"' \
@@ -935,6 +1058,8 @@ exe/$(PROGRAM): ruby-runner.c ruby-runner.h exe/.time miniruby$(EXEEXT) {$(VPATH
 	    -e '  File.symlink(prog, dest)' \
 	    -e 'end' \
 	$(@F) $(@D) $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME)$(EXEEXT)
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) -r$(srcdir)/lib/fileutils \
+	    -e 'FileUtils::Verbose.ln_sr(*ARGV, force: true)' rbconfig.rb $(EXTOUT)/$(arch)
 
 exe/.time:
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D)
@@ -1002,7 +1127,7 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}parse.c
 miniprelude.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}miniprelude.c
 
 # dependencies for optional sources.
-compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}opt_sc.inc {$(VPATH)}optunifs.inc
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}optunifs.inc
 
 win32/win32.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}win32/win32.c {$(VPATH)}win32/file.h \
   {$(VPATH)}dln.h {$(VPATH)}dln_find.c {$(VPATH)}encindex.h \
@@ -1029,7 +1154,6 @@ INSNS2VMOPT = --srcdir="$(srcdir)"
 srcs_vpath = {$(VPATH)}
 
 inc_common_headers = $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_copyright.erb $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_notice.erb
-$(srcs_vpath)opt_sc.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/opt_sc.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers)
 $(srcs_vpath)optinsn.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/optinsn.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers)
 $(srcs_vpath)optunifs.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/optunifs.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers)
 $(srcs_vpath)insns.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/insns.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers)
@@ -1041,11 +1165,6 @@ $(srcs_vpath)insns_info.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/insns_info.inc.erb $(inc_c
 $(srcs_vpath)vmtc.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/vmtc.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers)
 $(srcs_vpath)vm.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/vm.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers) \
   $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_insn_entry.erb $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_trace_instruction.erb
-$(srcs_vpath)mjit_compile.inc: $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/mjit_compile.inc.erb $(inc_common_headers) \
-  $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_insn.erb $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_send.erb \
-  $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_ivar.erb \
-  $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_insn_body.erb $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_pc_and_sp.erb \
-  $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_invokebuiltin.erb $(tooldir)/ruby_vm/views/_mjit_compile_getinlinecache.erb
 
 BUILTIN_RB_SRCS = \
 		$(srcdir)/ast.rb \
@@ -1054,13 +1173,15 @@ BUILTIN_RB_SRCS = \
 		$(srcdir)/numeric.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/io.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/marshal.rb \
-		$(srcdir)/mjit.rb \
+		$(srcdir)/rjit.rb \
+		$(srcdir)/rjit_c.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/pack.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/trace_point.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/warning.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/array.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/kernel.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/ractor.rb \
+		$(srcdir)/symbol.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/timev.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/thread_sync.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/nilclass.rb \
@@ -1072,13 +1193,20 @@ BUILTIN_RB_INCS = $(BUILTIN_RB_SRCS:.rb=.rbinc)
 
 common-srcs: $(srcs_vpath)parse.c $(srcs_vpath)lex.c $(srcs_vpath)enc/trans/newline.c $(srcs_vpath)id.c \
 	     $(BUILTIN_RB_INCS) \
-	     srcs-lib srcs-ext incs
+	     srcs-lib srcs-ext incs preludes
 
 missing-srcs: $(srcdir)/missing/des_tables.c
 
-srcs: common-srcs missing-srcs srcs-enc
+srcs: common-srcs missing-srcs srcs-enc srcs-doc
+
+RIPPER_SRCS = $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/ripper.c \
+	      $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/ripper_init.c \
+	      $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/eventids1.h \
+	      $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/eventids1.c \
+	      $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/eventids2table.c \
+	      # RIPPER_SRCS
 
-EXT_SRCS = $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/ripper.c \
+EXT_SRCS = ripper_srcs \
 	   $(srcdir)/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/sizes.c \
 	   $(srcdir)/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/limits.c \
 	   $(srcdir)/ext/socket/constdefs.c \
@@ -1124,17 +1252,17 @@ id.c: $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/id.c.tmpl $(srcdir)/defs/id.d
 	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb --output=$@ \
 		$(srcdir)/template/id.c.tmpl
 
-node_name.inc: $(tooldir)/node_name.rb $(srcdir)/node.h
+node_name.inc: $(tooldir)/node_name.rb $(srcdir)/rubyparser.h
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -n $(tooldir)/node_name.rb < $(srcdir)/node.h > $@
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -n $(tooldir)/node_name.rb < $(srcdir)/rubyparser.h > $@
 
-encdb.h: $(PREP) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/encdb.h.tmpl
+encdb.h: $(RBCONFIG) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/encdb.h.tmpl
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -c -o $@ $(srcdir)/template/encdb.h.tmpl $(srcdir)/enc enc
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -c -o $@ $(srcdir)/template/encdb.h.tmpl $(srcdir)/enc enc
 
-transdb.h: $(PREP) srcs-enc $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/transdb.h.tmpl
+transdb.h: $(RBCONFIG) srcs-enc $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/transdb.h.tmpl
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -c -o $@ $(srcdir)/template/transdb.h.tmpl $(srcdir)/enc/trans enc/trans
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -c -o $@ $(srcdir)/template/transdb.h.tmpl $(srcdir)/enc/trans enc/trans
 
 enc/encinit.c: $(ENC_MK) $(srcdir)/enc/encinit.c.erb
 
@@ -1178,32 +1306,37 @@ preludes: {$(srcdir)}golf_prelude.c
 	$(ECHO) making $@
 	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/mk_builtin_loader.rb $<
 
-builtin_binary.inc: $(PREP) $(BUILTIN_RB_SRCS) $(srcdir)/template/builtin_binary.inc.tmpl
+$(BUILTIN_BINARY:yes=built)in_binary.inc: $(PREP) $(BUILTIN_RB_SRCS) $(srcdir)/template/builtin_binary.inc.tmpl
 	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -o $@ \
-		$(srcdir)/template/builtin_binary.inc.tmpl -- --cross=$(CROSS_COMPILING)
+		$(srcdir)/template/builtin_binary.inc.tmpl
+	-$(Q) sha256sum $@ 2> $(NULL) || $(NULLCMD)
+
+$(BUILTIN_BINARY:no=builtin)_binary.inc:
+	$(Q) echo> $@ // empty $(@F)
 
 $(BUILTIN_RB_INCS): $(top_srcdir)/tool/mk_builtin_loader.rb
 
-$(srcdir)/revision.h:
-$(srcdir)/revision.h$(gnumake:yes=-nongnumake):
-	$(Q)$(RM) $(@F)
-	$(Q)$(NULLCMD) > $@ || $(NULLCMD) > $(@F)
+$(srcdir)/revision.h$(no_baseruby:no=~disabled~): $(REVISION_H)
+
+$(REVISION_H)$(no_baseruby:no=~disabled~):
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/file2lastrev.rb -q --revision.h --srcdir="$(srcdir)" --output=revision.h --timestamp=$@
+$(REVISION_H)$(yes_baseruby:yes=~disabled~):
+	$(Q) exit > $@
 
-revision.tmp::
-	$(Q) $(NULLCMD) > $@
-revision.$(HAVE_BASERUBY:yes=tmp):: $(srcdir)/version.h $(tooldir)/file2lastrev.rb $(REVISION_FORCE)
-	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/file2lastrev.rb -q --revision.h --srcdir="$(srcdir)" > $@
+# uncommon.mk: $(REVISION_H)
+# $(MKFILES): $(REVISION_H)
 
-$(REVISION_H): revision.tmp
-	$(Q)$(IFCHANGE) "--timestamp=$@" "$(srcdir)/revision.h" revision.tmp
+ripper_srcs: $(RIPPER_SRCS)
 
-$(srcdir)/ext/ripper/ripper.c: $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/tools/preproc.rb $(srcdir)/parse.y id.h $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/depend
+$(RIPPER_SRCS): $(srcdir)/parse.y $(srcdir)/defs/id.def
+$(RIPPER_SRCS): $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/tools/preproc.rb $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/tools/dsl.rb
+$(RIPPER_SRCS): $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/ripper_init.c.tmpl $(srcdir)/ext/ripper/eventids2.c
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
 	$(Q) $(CHDIR) $(@D) && \
-	sed -e 's/{\$$([^(){}]*)[^{}]*}//g' -e /AUTOGENERATED/q depend | \
+	$(CAT_DEPEND) depend | \
 	$(exec) $(MAKE) -f - $(mflags) \
-		Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) RM="$(RM1)" BISON=$(YACC) top_srcdir=../.. srcdir=. VPATH=../.. \
-		RUBY="$(BASERUBY)" PATH_SEPARATOR="$(PATH_SEPARATOR)" LANG=C
+		Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) RM="$(RM1)" top_srcdir=../.. srcdir=. VPATH=../.. \
+		RUBY="$(BASERUBY)" BASERUBY="$(BASERUBY)" PATH_SEPARATOR="$(PATH_SEPARATOR)" LANG=C
 
 $(srcdir)/ext/json/parser/parser.c: $(srcdir)/ext/json/parser/parser.rl $(srcdir)/ext/json/parser/prereq.mk
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
@@ -1219,7 +1352,7 @@ $(srcdir)/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/sizes.c: $(srcdir)/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend \
 		$(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/sizes.c.tmpl $(srcdir)/configure.ac
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
 	$(Q) $(CHDIR) $(@D) && \
-	sed '/AUTOGENERATED/q' depend | \
+	$(CAT_DEPEND) depend | \
 	$(exec) $(MAKE) -f - $(mflags) \
 		Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) top_srcdir=../../.. srcdir=. VPATH=../../.. RUBY="$(BASERUBY)" $(@F)
 
@@ -1227,19 +1360,19 @@ $(srcdir)/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/limits.c: $(srcdir)/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend \
 		$(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb $(srcdir)/template/limits.c.tmpl
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
 	$(Q) $(CHDIR) $(@D) && \
-	sed '/AUTOGENERATED/q' depend | \
+	$(CAT_DEPEND) depend | \
 	$(exec) $(MAKE) -f - $(mflags) \
 		Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) top_srcdir=../../.. srcdir=. VPATH=../../.. RUBY="$(BASERUBY)" $(@F)
 
-$(srcdir)/ext/socket/constdefs.c: $(srcdir)/ext/socket/depend
+$(srcdir)/ext/socket/constdefs.c: $(srcdir)/ext/socket/depend $(srcdir)/ext/socket/mkconstants.rb
 	$(Q) $(CHDIR) $(@D) && \
-	sed '/AUTOGENERATED/q' depend | \
+	$(CAT_DEPEND) depend | \
 	$(exec) $(MAKE) -f - $(mflags) \
 		Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) top_srcdir=../.. srcdir=. VPATH=../.. RUBY="$(BASERUBY)"
 
 $(srcdir)/ext/etc/constdefs.h: $(srcdir)/ext/etc/depend
 	$(Q) $(CHDIR) $(@D) && \
-	sed '/AUTOGENERATED/q' depend | \
+	$(CAT_DEPEND) depend | \
 	$(exec) $(MAKE) -f - $(mflags) \
 		Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) top_srcdir=../.. srcdir=. VPATH=../.. RUBY="$(BASERUBY)"
 
@@ -1293,9 +1426,10 @@ run.gdb:
 	echo '  quit'                         >> run.gdb
 	echo end                              >> run.gdb
 
+GDB = gdb
 
 gdb: miniruby$(EXEEXT) run.gdb PHONY
-	gdb -x run.gdb --quiet --args $(MINIRUBY) $(RUNOPT0) $(TESTRUN_SCRIPT) $(RUNOPT)
+	$(GDB) -x run.gdb --quiet --args $(MINIRUBY) $(RUNOPT0) $(TESTRUN_SCRIPT) $(RUNOPT)
 
 gdb-ruby: $(PROGRAM) run.gdb PHONY
 	$(Q) $(RUNRUBY_COMMAND) $(RUNRUBY_DEBUGGER) -- $(RUNOPT0) $(TESTRUN_SCRIPT) $(RUNOPT)
@@ -1311,14 +1445,14 @@ lldb-ruby: $(PROGRAM) PHONY
 DISTPKGS = gzip,zip,all
 PKGSDIR = tmp
 dist:
-	$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/make-snapshot \
+	$(BASERUBY) $(V0:1=-v) $(tooldir)/make-snapshot \
 	-srcdir=$(srcdir) -packages=$(DISTPKGS) \
 	-unicode-version=$(UNICODE_VERSION) \
 	$(DISTOPTS) $(PKGSDIR) $(RELNAME)
 
 up:: update-remote
 
-up::
+up$(DOT_WAIT)::
 	-$(Q)$(MAKE) $(mflags) Q=$(Q) REVISION_FORCE=PHONY ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE= after-update
 
 yes::
@@ -1329,6 +1463,10 @@ after-update:: $(REVISION_H)
 after-update:: extract-extlibs
 after-update:: extract-gems
 
+update-src::
+	$(Q) $(RM) $(REVISION_H) revision.h "$(srcdir)/$(REVISION_H)" "$(srcdir)/revision.h"
+	$(Q) exit > "$(srcdir)/revision.h"
+
 update-remote:: update-src update-download
 update-download:: $(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=update-unicode)
 update-download:: update-gems
@@ -1341,8 +1479,13 @@ update-config_files: PHONY
 	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" tool/downloader.rb -d tool --cache-dir=$(CACHE_DIR) -e gnu \
 	    config.guess config.sub
 
+update-coverage: main PHONY
+	$(XRUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" bin/gem install --no-document \
+		--install-dir .bundle --conservative "simplecov"
+
 refresh-gems: update-bundled_gems prepare-gems
 prepare-gems: $(HAVE_BASERUBY:yes=update-gems) $(HAVE_BASERUBY:yes=extract-gems)
+extract-gems: $(HAVE_BASERUBY:yes=update-gems)
 
 update-gems$(gnumake:yes=-sequential): PHONY
 	$(ECHO) Downloading bundled gem files...
@@ -1366,14 +1509,31 @@ extract-gems$(gnumake:yes=-sequential): PHONY
 	    -e 'gem, ver, _, rev = *$$F' \
 	    -e 'next if !ver or /^#/=~gem' \
 	    -e 'g = "#{gem}-#{ver}"' \
-	    -e 'if File.directory?("#{d}/#{g}")' \
-	    -e 'elsif rev and File.exist?(gs = "gems/src/#{gem}/#{gem}.gemspec")' \
-	    -e   'BundledGem.copy(gs, ".bundle")' \
-	    -e 'else' \
+	    -e 'unless File.directory?("#{d}/#{g}")' \
+	    -e   'if rev and File.exist?(gs = "gems/src/#{gem}/#{gem}.gemspec")' \
+	    -e     'BundledGem.build(gs, ver, "gems")' \
+	    -e   'end' \
 	    -e   'BundledGem.unpack("gems/#{g}.gem", ".bundle")' \
 	    -e 'end' \
 	    gems/bundled_gems
 
+extract-gems$(gnumake:yes=-sequential): $(HAVE_GIT:yes=clone-bundled-gems-src)
+
+clone-bundled-gems-src: PHONY
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" \
+	    -Itool/lib -rbundled_gem -answ \
+	    -e 'BEGIN {git = $$git}' \
+	    -e 'gem, _, repo, rev = *$$F' \
+	    -e 'next if !rev or /^#/=~gem' \
+	    -e 'gemdir = "gems/src/#{gem}"' \
+	    -e 'BundledGem.checkout(gemdir, repo, rev, git: git)' \
+	    -e 'BundledGem.dummy_gemspec("#{gemdir}/#{gem}.gemspec")' \
+	    -- -git="$(GIT)" \
+	    gems/bundled_gems
+
+outdate-bundled-gems: PHONY
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/$@.rb --make="$(MAKE)" --mflags="$(MFLAGS)" "$(srcdir)"
+
 update-bundled_gems: PHONY
 	$(Q) $(RUNRUBY) -rrubygems \
 	     $(tooldir)/update-bundled_gems.rb \
@@ -1400,7 +1560,7 @@ no-test-bundled-gems-prepare: no-test-bundled-gems-precheck
 yes-test-bundled-gems-prepare: yes-test-bundled-gems-precheck
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
 	$(XRUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" bin/gem install --no-document \
-		--install-dir .bundle --conservative "bundler" "minitest:~> 5" "test-unit" "rake" "hoe" "yard" "pry" "packnga" "rexml" "json-schema" "test-unit-rr"
+		--install-dir .bundle --conservative "hoe" "json-schema" "test-unit-rr"
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 
 PREPARE_BUNDLED_GEMS = test-bundled-gems-prepare
@@ -1419,25 +1579,35 @@ test-syntax-suggest-precheck: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-syntax-suggest-precheck
 no-test-syntax-suggest-precheck:
 yes-test-syntax-suggest-precheck: main
 
+test-syntax-suggest-prepare: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-syntax-suggest-prepare
 no-test-syntax-suggest-prepare: no-test-syntax-suggest-precheck
 yes-test-syntax-suggest-prepare: yes-test-syntax-suggest-precheck
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
 	$(XRUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" bin/gem install --no-document \
-		--install-dir .bundle --conservative "bundler" "rake" "rspec:~> 3" #"ruby-prof"
+		--install-dir .bundle --conservative "rspec:~> 3"
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 
 RSPECOPTS =
 SYNTAX_SUGGEST_SPECS =
+PREPARE_SYNTAX_SUGGEST = $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-syntax-suggest-prepare
 test-syntax-suggest: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-syntax-suggest
-yes-test-syntax-suggest: yes-test-syntax-suggest-prepare
-	$(XRUBY) -C $(srcdir) -Ispec/syntax_suggest .bundle/bin/rspec \
-		--require spec_helper $(RSPECOPTS) spec/syntax_suggest/$(SYNTAX_SUGGEST_SPECS)
+yes-test-syntax-suggest: $(PREPARE_SYNTAX_SUGGEST)
+	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
+	$(XRUBY) -C $(srcdir) -Ispec/syntax_suggest:spec/lib .bundle/bin/rspec \
+		--require rspec/expectations \
+		--require spec_helper --require formatter_overrides --require spec_coverage \
+		$(RSPECOPTS) spec/syntax_suggest/$(SYNTAX_SUGGEST_SPECS)
+	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 no-test-syntax-suggest:
 
+check: $(DOT_WAIT) $(PREPARE_SYNTAX_SUGGEST) test-syntax-suggest
+
 test-bundler-precheck: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-bundler-precheck
 no-test-bundler-precheck:
-yes-test-bundler-precheck: main
+yes-test-bundler-precheck: main $(arch)-fake.rb
+yes-test-bundler-parallel-precheck: yes-test-bundler-precheck
 
+test-bundler-prepare: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-bundler-prepare
 no-test-bundler-prepare: no-test-bundler-precheck
 yes-test-bundler-prepare: yes-test-bundler-precheck
 	$(ACTIONS_GROUP)
@@ -1446,29 +1616,34 @@ yes-test-bundler-prepare: yes-test-bundler-precheck
 		-e 'ENV["BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG"] = File.expand_path(".bundle")' \
 		-e 'ENV["BUNDLE_PATH__SYSTEM"] = "true"' \
 		-e 'ENV["BUNDLE_WITHOUT"] = "lint doc"' \
-		-e 'load "spec/bundler/support/bundle.rb"' -- install --gemfile=tool/bundler/dev_gems.rb
+		-e 'load "spec/bundler/support/bundle.rb"' -- install --quiet --gemfile=tool/bundler/dev_gems.rb
 	$(ACTIONS_ENDGROUP)
 
 RSPECOPTS =
 BUNDLER_SPECS =
+PREPARE_BUNDLER = $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-bundler-prepare
 test-bundler: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-bundler
-yes-test-bundler: yes-test-bundler-prepare
-	$(XRUBY) -C $(srcdir) -Ispec/bundler .bundle/bin/rspec \
-		--require spec_helper $(RSPECOPTS) spec/bundler/$(BUNDLER_SPECS)
+yes-test-bundler: $(PREPARE_BUNDLER)
+	$(gnumake_recursive)$(XRUBY) \
+		-r./$(arch)-fake \
+		-e "exec(*ARGV)" -- \
+		$(XRUBY) -C $(srcdir) -Ispec/bundler:spec/lib .bundle/bin/rspec \
+		--require spec_helper --require formatter_overrides $(RSPECOPTS) spec/bundler/$(BUNDLER_SPECS)
 no-test-bundler:
 
 PARALLELRSPECOPTS = --runtime-log $(srcdir)/tmp/parallel_runtime_rspec.log
 test-bundler-parallel: $(TEST_RUNNABLE)-test-bundler-parallel
-yes-test-bundler-parallel: yes-test-bundler-prepare
-	$(XRUBY) \
+yes-test-bundler-parallel: $(PREPARE_BUNDLER)
+	$(gnumake_recursive)$(XRUBY) \
+		-r./$(arch)-fake \
 		-e "ARGV[-1] = File.expand_path(ARGV[-1])" \
 		-e "exec(*ARGV)" -- \
 		$(XRUBY) -I$(srcdir)/spec/bundler \
 		-e "ENV['PARALLEL_TESTS_EXECUTABLE'] = ARGV.shift" \
 		-e "load ARGV.shift" \
-		"$(XRUBY) -C $(srcdir) -Ispec/bundler .bundle/bin/rspec" \
+		"$(XRUBY) -C $(srcdir) -Ispec/bundler:spec/lib .bundle/bin/rspec" \
 		$(srcdir)/.bundle/bin/parallel_rspec \
-		-o "--require spec_helper" \
+		-o "--require spec_helper --require formatter_overrides" \
 		$(PARALLELRSPECOPTS) $(srcdir)/spec/bundler/$(BUNDLER_SPECS)
 no-test-bundler-parallel:
 
@@ -1519,60 +1694,54 @@ update-unicode: $(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES) \
 		$(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES) $(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_FILES) $(UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES)
 
 CACHE_DIR = $(srcdir)/.downloaded-cache
-UNICODE_DOWNLOAD = \
+UNICODE_DOWNLOADER_ALWAYS_UPDATE = $(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=--always)
+UNICODE_DOWNLOADER = \
 	$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/downloader.rb \
 	    --cache-dir=$(CACHE_DIR) \
-	    --unicode-beta $(UNICODE_BETA) \
+	    --exist $(UNICODE_DOWNLOADER_ALWAYS_UPDATE:no=) \
+	    unicode --unicode-beta=$(UNICODE_BETA)
+UNICODE_DOWNLOAD = \
+	$(UNICODE_DOWNLOADER) \
 	    -d $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR) \
-	    -p $(UNICODE_VERSION)/ucd \
-	    -e $(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=-a) unicode
+	    -p $(UNICODE_VERSION)/ucd
 UNICODE_AUXILIARY_DOWNLOAD = \
-	$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/downloader.rb \
-	    --cache-dir=$(CACHE_DIR) \
-	    --unicode-beta $(UNICODE_BETA) \
+	$(UNICODE_DOWNLOADER) \
 	    -d $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/auxiliary \
-	    -p $(UNICODE_VERSION)/ucd/auxiliary \
-	    -e $(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=-a) unicode
+	    -p $(UNICODE_VERSION)/ucd/auxiliary
 UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_DOWNLOAD = \
-	$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/downloader.rb \
-	    --cache-dir=$(CACHE_DIR) \
-	    --unicode-beta $(UNICODE_BETA) \
+	$(UNICODE_DOWNLOADER) \
 	    -d $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/emoji \
-	    -p $(UNICODE_VERSION)/ucd/emoji \
-	    -e $(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=-a) unicode
+	    -p $(UNICODE_VERSION)/ucd/emoji
 UNICODE_EMOJI_DOWNLOAD = \
-	$(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/downloader.rb \
-	    --cache-dir=$(CACHE_DIR) \
-	    --unicode-beta $(UNICODE_BETA) \
+	$(UNICODE_DOWNLOADER) \
 	    -d $(UNICODE_SRC_EMOJI_DATA_DIR) \
-	    -p emoji/$(UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION) \
-	    -e $(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=-a) unicode
+	    -p emoji/$(UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION)
 
-$(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES): update-unicode-files
-update-unicode-files:
+update-unicode-files: $(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES)
+$(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES):
 	$(ECHO) Downloading Unicode $(UNICODE_VERSION) data and property files...
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) "$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)"
 	$(Q) $(UNICODE_DOWNLOAD) $(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES)
 
-$(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES): update-unicode-auxiliary-files
-update-unicode-auxiliary-files:
+update-unicode-auxiliary-files: $(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES)
+$(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES):
 	$(ECHO) Downloading Unicode $(UNICODE_VERSION) auxiliary files...
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) "$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/auxiliary"
 	$(Q) $(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_DOWNLOAD) $(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES)
 
-$(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_FILES): update-unicode-ucd-emoji-files
-update-unicode-ucd-emoji-files:
+update-unicode-ucd-emoji-files: $(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_FILES)
+$(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_FILES):
 	$(ECHO) Downloading Unicode UCD emoji $(UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION) files...
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) "$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/emoji"
 	$(Q) $(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_DOWNLOAD) $(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_FILES)
 
-$(UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES): update-unicode-emoji-files
-update-unicode-emoji-files:
+update-unicode-emoji-files: $(UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES)
+$(UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES):
 	$(ECHO) Downloading Unicode emoji $(UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION) files...
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) "$(UNICODE_SRC_EMOJI_DATA_DIR)"
 	$(Q) $(UNICODE_EMOJI_DOWNLOAD) $(UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES)
 
-$(srcdir)/lib/unicode_normalize/$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=tables.rb): \
+$(srcdir)/lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb: \
 	$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/$(HAVE_BASERUBY:yes=.unicode-tables.time)
 
 $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=.unicode-tables.time): \
@@ -1581,13 +1750,25 @@ $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=.unicode-tables.time): \
 
 touch-unicode-files:
 	$(MAKEDIRS) $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)
-	touch $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.time $(UNICODE_DATA_HEADERS)
+	$(Q) $(TOUCH) $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.time $(UNICODE_DATA_HEADERS)
 
+UNICODE_TABLES_DATA_FILES = \
+	$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/UnicodeData.txt \
+	$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/CompositionExclusions.txt \
+	$(empty)
+
+UNICODE_TABLES_DEPENDENTS_1 = none$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE)
+UNICODE_TABLES_DEPENDENTS = $(UNICODE_TABLES_DEPENDENTS_1:noneyes=force)
 UNICODE_TABLES_TIMESTAMP = yes
-$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.time: $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb \
+$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.$(UNICODE_TABLES_DEPENDENTS:none=time):
+	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D)
+	$(Q) exit > $(@) || $(NULLCMD)
+$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.$(UNICODE_TABLES_DEPENDENTS:force=time): \
+		$(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb \
 		$(srcdir)/template/unicode_norm_gen.tmpl \
-		$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=update-unicode)
-	$(Q) $(MAKE) $(@D)
+		$(UNICODE_TABLES_DATA_FILES) \
+	$(order_only) \
+		$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)
 	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb \
 		-c $(UNICODE_TABLES_TIMESTAMP:yes=-t$@) \
 		-o $(srcdir)/lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb \
@@ -1612,20 +1793,30 @@ $(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/name2ctype.h:
 		$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR) $(UNICODE_SRC_EMOJI_DATA_DIR) > $@.new
 	$(MV) $@.new $@
 
+srcs-doc: $(srcdir)/doc/regexp/unicode_properties.rdoc
+$(srcdir)/doc/regexp/$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=unicode_properties.rdoc): \
+	$(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/name2ctype.h $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES)
+
+$(srcdir)/doc/regexp/unicode_properties.rdoc:
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY) $(tooldir)/generic_erb.rb -c -o $@ \
+		$(srcdir)/template/unicode_properties.rdoc.tmpl \
+		$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR) $(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/name2ctype.h || \
+	$(TOUCH) $@
+
 # the next non-comment line was:
-# $(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/casefold.h: $(srcdir)/enc/unicode/case-folding.rb \
+# $(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/casefold.h: $(tooldir)/enc-case-folding.rb \
 # but was changed to make sure CI works on systems that don't have gperf
 unicode-up: $(UNICODE_DATA_HEADERS)
 
 $(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/$(ALWAYS_UPDATE_UNICODE:yes=casefold.h): \
-		$(srcdir)/enc/unicode/case-folding.rb \
+		$(tooldir)/enc-case-folding.rb \
 		$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/UnicodeData.txt \
 		$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/SpecialCasing.txt \
 		$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/CaseFolding.txt
 
 $(UNICODE_HDR_DIR)/casefold.h:
 	$(MAKEDIRS) $(@D)
-	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(srcdir)/enc/unicode/case-folding.rb \
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) $(tooldir)/enc-case-folding.rb \
 		--output-file=$@ \
 		--mapping-data-directory=$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)
 
@@ -1654,6 +1845,8 @@ info-arch: PHONY
 	@echo arch=$(arch)
 
 exam: check
+exam: $(DOT_WAIT) test-bundler-parallel
+exam: $(DOT_WAIT) test-bundled-gems
 
 love: sudo-precheck up all test exam install
 	@echo love is all you need
@@ -1675,7 +1868,7 @@ update-man-date: PHONY
 ChangeLog:
 	$(ECHO) Generating $@
 	-$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -I"$(tooldir)/lib" -rvcs \
-	-e 'VCS.detect(ARGV[0]).export_changelog("@", nil, nil, ARGV[1])' \
+	-e 'VCS.detect(ARGV[0]).export_changelog(path: ARGV[1])' \
 	"$(srcdir)" $@
 
 HELP_EXTRA_TASKS = ""
@@ -1696,13 +1889,16 @@ help: PHONY
 	"  runruby:               runs test.rb by ruby you just built" \
 	"  gdb:                   runs test.rb by miniruby under gdb" \
 	"  gdb-ruby:              runs test.rb by ruby under gdb" \
-	"  check:                 equals make test test-tool test-all test-spec" \
+	"  runirb:                starts irb on built ruby (not installed ruby)" \
+	"  exam:                  equals make check test-bundler-parallel test-bundled-gems" \
+	"  check:                 equals make test test-tool test-all test-spec test-syntax-suggest" \
 	"  test:                  ruby core tests [BTESTS=<bootstraptest files>]" \
 	"  test-all:              all ruby tests [TESTOPTS=-j4 TESTS=<test files>]" \
 	"  test-spec:             run the Ruby spec suite [SPECOPTS=<specs, opts>]" \
 	"  test-bundler:          run the Bundler spec" \
 	"  test-bundler-parallel: run the Bundler spec with parallel" \
-	"  test-bundled-gems:     run the test suite of bundled gems" \
+	"  test-syntax-suggest:   run the SyntaxSuggest spec" \
+	"  test-bundled-gems:     run the test suite of bundled gems [BUNDLED_GEMS=<gems>]" \
 	"  test-tool:             tests under the tool/test" \
 	"  update-gems:           download files of the bundled gems" \
 	"  update-bundled_gems:   update the latest version of bundled gems" \
@@ -1713,14 +1909,17 @@ help: PHONY
 	"  install:               install all ruby distributions" \
 	"  install-nodoc:         install without rdoc" \
 	"  install-cross:         install cross compiling stuff" \
-	"  clean:                 clean for tarball" \
-	"  distclean:             clean for repository" \
+	"  clean:                 clean up to the state before build" \
+	"  distclean:             clean up to the state before configure" \
 	"  golf:                  build goruby for golfers" \
 	$(HELP_EXTRA_TASKS) \
 	"see DeveloperHowto for more detail: " \
-	"  https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby/wiki/DeveloperHowto" \
+	"  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/wiki/Developer-How-To" \
 	$(MESSAGE_END)
 
+$(CROSS_COMPILING:yes=)builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mini_builtin.c
+$(CROSS_COMPILING:yes=)builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}miniprelude.c
+
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}addr2line.c
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}addr2line.h
@@ -1747,6 +1946,7 @@ addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1776,8 +1976,13 @@ addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdbool.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 addr2line.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -1787,17 +1992,20 @@ array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/enum.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/proc.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}array.c
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}array.rbinc
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -1809,6 +2017,7 @@ array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
@@ -1854,6 +2063,7 @@ array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1922,7 +2132,6 @@ array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1953,7 +2162,6 @@ array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1965,16 +2173,24 @@ array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
-array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+array.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
@@ -1982,15 +2198,39 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ast.c
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ast.rbinc
@@ -2006,9 +2246,11 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -2049,6 +2291,7 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2117,7 +2360,6 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2148,7 +2390,6 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2166,8 +2407,13 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -2175,7 +2421,13 @@ ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 ast.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -2183,6 +2435,7 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/complex.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
@@ -2192,6 +2445,7 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -2205,6 +2459,7 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}bignum.c
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -2247,6 +2502,7 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2279,6 +2535,15 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -2306,7 +2571,6 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2337,7 +2601,6 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2349,25 +2612,59 @@ bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+bignum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -2383,8 +2680,11 @@ builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.c
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin_binary.inc
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -2425,6 +2725,7 @@ builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2457,6 +2758,15 @@ builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -2484,7 +2794,6 @@ builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2515,7 +2824,6 @@ builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2531,8 +2839,15 @@ builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 builtin.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -2545,6 +2860,7 @@ class.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+class.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/eval.h
@@ -2617,6 +2933,7 @@ class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2685,7 +3002,6 @@ class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2716,7 +3032,6 @@ class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2735,13 +3050,19 @@ class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+class.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+compar.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+compar.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compar.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
@@ -2804,6 +3125,7 @@ compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2872,7 +3194,6 @@ compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2903,7 +3224,6 @@ compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 compar.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2925,7 +3245,9 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -2950,6 +3272,28 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism_compile.c
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -2969,7 +3313,6 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
-compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}insns.def
@@ -3015,6 +3358,7 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3084,7 +3428,6 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3115,7 +3458,6 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3134,10 +3476,17 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}optinsn.inc
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/prism.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.c
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}re.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regex.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -3147,8 +3496,15 @@ compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_callinfo.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
+compile.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -3156,15 +3512,19 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/complex.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/math.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -3176,7 +3536,10 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}complex.c
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -3219,6 +3582,7 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3251,6 +3615,15 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -3278,7 +3651,6 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3309,7 +3681,6 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3321,26 +3692,67 @@ complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+complex.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/proc.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}$(COROUTINE_H)
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
@@ -3354,12 +3766,13 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}cont.c
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}fiber/scheduler.h
-cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -3402,6 +3815,7 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3434,6 +3848,15 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -3461,7 +3884,6 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3492,7 +3914,6 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3504,14 +3925,22 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -3519,12 +3948,15 @@ cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
+cont.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -3532,6 +3964,7 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/signal.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -3546,13 +3979,13 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.c
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
-debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -3595,6 +4028,7 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3663,7 +4097,6 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3694,7 +4127,6 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3716,6 +4148,8 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
@@ -3726,6 +4160,7 @@ debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_callinfo.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+debug.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -3780,6 +4215,7 @@ debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3839,7 +4275,6 @@ debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3870,7 +4305,6 @@ debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3886,8 +4320,14 @@ debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 debug_counter.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/dir.h
@@ -3895,14 +4335,17 @@ dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/file.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -3914,6 +4357,7 @@ dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}dir.c
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}dir.rbinc
@@ -3961,6 +4405,7 @@ dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4029,7 +4474,6 @@ dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4060,7 +4504,6 @@ dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4073,13 +4516,23 @@ dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+dir.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
@@ -4137,6 +4590,7 @@ dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4196,7 +4650,6 @@ dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4227,7 +4680,6 @@ dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 dln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4295,6 +4747,7 @@ dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4354,7 +4807,6 @@ dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4385,7 +4837,6 @@ dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 dln_find.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4452,6 +4903,7 @@ dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4511,7 +4963,6 @@ dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4542,7 +4993,6 @@ dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 dmydln.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4680,7 +5130,6 @@ enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4711,7 +5160,6 @@ enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4839,7 +5287,6 @@ enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4870,7 +5317,6 @@ enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4998,7 +5444,6 @@ enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5029,7 +5474,6 @@ enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5168,7 +5612,6 @@ enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5199,7 +5642,6 @@ enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5338,7 +5780,6 @@ enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5369,7 +5810,6 @@ enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5387,22 +5827,33 @@ enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regenc.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/enc.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/inits.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/load.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -5413,11 +5864,13 @@ encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.c
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
@@ -5459,6 +5912,7 @@ encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5527,7 +5981,6 @@ encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5558,7 +6011,6 @@ encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5570,18 +6022,28 @@ encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regenc.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 encoding.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -5599,6 +6061,7 @@ enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/re.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -5612,6 +6075,7 @@ enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}enum.c
@@ -5657,6 +6121,7 @@ enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5725,7 +6190,6 @@ enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5756,7 +6220,6 @@ enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5772,14 +6235,22 @@ enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
 enum.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/enumerator.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
@@ -5794,9 +6265,11 @@ enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/struct.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -5807,10 +6280,13 @@ enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}enumerator.c
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -5851,6 +6327,7 @@ enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5919,7 +6396,6 @@ enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5950,7 +6426,6 @@ enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5962,18 +6437,31 @@ enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+enumerator.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
@@ -5984,6 +6472,7 @@ error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/load.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/process.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
@@ -6051,6 +6540,7 @@ error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6119,7 +6609,6 @@ error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6150,7 +6639,6 @@ error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6171,10 +6659,13 @@ error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 error.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}warning.rbinc
@@ -6184,9 +6675,12 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/eval.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -6202,6 +6696,27 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -6223,7 +6738,6 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_error.c
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_jump.c
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}fiber/scheduler.h
-eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -6266,6 +6780,7 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6334,7 +6849,6 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6365,7 +6879,6 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6381,17 +6894,22 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes_helper.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -6400,6 +6918,7 @@ eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+eval.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}explicit_bzero.c
 explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/format.h
@@ -6415,7 +6934,12 @@ explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/config.h
 explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/attribute.h
 explicit_bzero.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
@@ -6432,6 +6956,7 @@ file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -6445,6 +6970,7 @@ file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}dln.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
@@ -6492,6 +7018,7 @@ file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6560,7 +7087,6 @@ file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6591,7 +7117,6 @@ file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6607,9 +7132,11 @@ file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
+file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 file.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
@@ -6617,10 +7144,13 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compile.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/complex.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
@@ -6645,6 +7175,27 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -6659,14 +7210,13 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}darray.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.c
-gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
-gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.rb
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.rbinc
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
@@ -6710,6 +7260,7 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6779,7 +7330,6 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6810,7 +7360,6 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6823,12 +7372,15 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
@@ -6837,15 +7389,17 @@ gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}re.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regenc.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regex.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regint.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
-gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_callinfo.h
 gc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
@@ -6859,13 +7413,37 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward.h
@@ -6879,11 +7457,13 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}golf_prelude.c
-goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}golf_prelude.rb
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}goruby.c
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -6924,6 +7504,7 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6956,6 +7537,15 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -6983,7 +7573,6 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7014,7 +7603,6 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7031,8 +7619,15 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}main.c
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -7040,8 +7635,14 @@ goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 goruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -7050,6 +7651,7 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/proc.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
@@ -7058,9 +7660,32 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/time.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -7071,6 +7696,7 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
@@ -7117,6 +7743,7 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7185,7 +7812,6 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7216,7 +7842,6 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7228,20 +7853,31 @@ hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
-hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 hash.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
@@ -7301,6 +7937,7 @@ inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7360,7 +7997,6 @@ inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7391,7 +8027,6 @@ inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 inits.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7412,7 +8047,9 @@ io.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+io.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+io.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -7496,6 +8133,7 @@ io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7564,7 +8202,6 @@ io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7595,7 +8232,6 @@ io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7619,6 +8255,8 @@ io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
@@ -7627,12 +8265,24 @@ io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 io.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -7687,6 +8337,7 @@ io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7755,7 +8406,6 @@ io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7786,7 +8436,6 @@ io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7806,13 +8455,16 @@ io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+io_buffer.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compile.h
@@ -7823,6 +8475,7 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7832,6 +8485,27 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -7850,7 +8524,6 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
-iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}insns.def
@@ -7896,6 +8569,7 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7964,7 +8638,6 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7995,7 +8668,6 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8011,14 +8683,19 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.c
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
-iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node_name.inc
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/prism.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -8026,22 +8703,29 @@ iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_callinfo.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 iseq.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/dir.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/file.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/load.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
@@ -8049,6 +8733,27 @@ load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -8109,6 +8814,7 @@ load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8177,7 +8883,6 @@ load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8208,7 +8913,6 @@ load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8227,10 +8931,15 @@ load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 load.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -8291,6 +9000,7 @@ loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8350,7 +9060,6 @@ loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8381,7 +9090,6 @@ loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 loadpath.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8452,6 +9160,7 @@ localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8520,7 +9229,6 @@ localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8551,7 +9259,6 @@ localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 localeinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8622,6 +9329,7 @@ main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8681,7 +9389,6 @@ main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8712,7 +9419,6 @@ main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8729,8 +9435,14 @@ main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 main.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -8740,6 +9452,7 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
@@ -8748,9 +9461,11 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/struct.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/util.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -8762,9 +9477,12 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
@@ -8806,6 +9524,7 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8874,7 +9593,6 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8905,7 +9623,6 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8920,12 +9637,24 @@ marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}marshal.c
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}marshal.rbinc
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+marshal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -8936,6 +9665,7 @@ math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/math.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -8949,6 +9679,7 @@ math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -8991,6 +9722,7 @@ math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9050,7 +9782,6 @@ math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9081,7 +9812,6 @@ math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9095,15 +9825,31 @@ math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}math.c
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 math.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/inttypes.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/limits.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
@@ -9113,6 +9859,8 @@ memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
@@ -9154,6 +9902,7 @@ memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9186,6 +9935,15 @@ memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -9213,7 +9971,6 @@ memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9244,7 +10001,6 @@ memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9258,25 +10014,62 @@ memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}memory_view.c
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}memory_view.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 memory_view.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(srcdir)/rjit_c.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}array.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ast.rb
@@ -9292,12 +10085,14 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}dir.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gem_prelude.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -9338,6 +10133,7 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9406,7 +10202,6 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
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 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9437,7 +10232,6 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
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 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9458,7 +10252,6 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mini_builtin.c
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}miniinit.c
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}miniprelude.c
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
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 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}nilclass.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}numeric.rb
@@ -9466,11 +10259,19 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}pack.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prelude.rb
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.rb
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.rb
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit_c.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_sync.rb
@@ -9480,440 +10281,13 @@ miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}warning.rb
 miniinit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.rb
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+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/signal.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/sprintf.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/string.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/struct.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/thread.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/time.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/variable.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/vm.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/interpreter.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/iterator.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdalign.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdbool.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/symbol.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node_dump.c
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+node_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -10104,6 +10696,7 @@ numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/enumerator.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
@@ -10115,6 +10708,7 @@ numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -10171,6 +10765,7 @@ numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10239,7 +10834,6 @@ numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10270,7 +10864,6 @@ numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10282,18 +10875,32 @@ numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}numeric.c
-numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}numeric.rb
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}numeric.rbinc
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+numeric.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -10302,6 +10909,7 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/eval.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/inits.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
@@ -10314,6 +10922,7 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -10326,6 +10935,7 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
@@ -10370,6 +10980,7 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10438,7 +11049,6 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10469,7 +11079,6 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10481,28 +11090,50 @@ object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
-object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}kernel.rb
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}kernel.rbinc
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}nilclass.rbinc
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}object.c
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}variable.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+object.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -10517,6 +11148,7 @@ pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
@@ -10558,6 +11190,7 @@ pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10626,7 +11259,6 @@ pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10657,7 +11289,6 @@ pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10669,22 +11300,39 @@ pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}pack.c
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}pack.rbinc
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+pack.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compile.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/complex.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -10695,6 +11343,7 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/re.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
@@ -10704,6 +11353,7 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -10760,6 +11410,7 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10828,7 +11479,6 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10859,7 +11509,6 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10873,6 +11522,7 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}lex.c
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
@@ -10880,22 +11530,1061 @@ parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}parse.c
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}parse.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}parse.y
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}parser_node.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}parser_st.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regenc.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regex.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+parse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/assume.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/cold.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/const.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/deprecated.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/error.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/forceinline.h
+parser_st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/format.h
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+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/fl_type.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/gc.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/glob.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/globals.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/attribute.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/builtin.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/c_attribute.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/extension.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/feature.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/warning.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/array.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/bignum.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/class.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/compar.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/complex.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/cont.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/dir.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enum.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/marshal.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/numeric.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/object.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/parse.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/proc.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/process.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/random.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/range.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/rational.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/re.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/ruby.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/select.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/signal.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/sprintf.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/string.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/struct.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/thread.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/time.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/variable.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/vm.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/interpreter.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/iterator.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdalign.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdbool.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/symbol.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_init.c
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
+prism_init.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
@@ -10908,8 +12597,30 @@ proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -10922,10 +12633,11 @@ proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
-proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -10968,6 +12680,7 @@ proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -11036,7 +12749,6 @@ proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -11067,7 +12779,6 @@ proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -11085,15 +12796,22 @@ proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}proc.c
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 proc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
@@ -11101,7 +12819,9 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -11113,6 +12833,7 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/process.h
@@ -11185,6 +12906,7 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -11253,7 +12975,6 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -11284,7 +13005,6 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -11299,14 +13019,16 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}process.c
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
@@ -11314,13 +13036,18 @@ process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+process.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
@@ -11337,6 +13064,7 @@ ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/struct.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -11352,10 +13080,11 @@ ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
-ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -11398,6 +13127,7 @@ ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -11466,7 +13196,6 @@ ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -11497,7 +13226,6 @@ ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -11516,29 +13244,37 @@ ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.c
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
-ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.rb
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.rbinc
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
-ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}variable.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 ractor.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/random.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
@@ -11561,6 +13297,8 @@ random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
@@ -11602,6 +13340,7 @@ random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -11634,6 +13373,15 @@ random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -11661,7 +13409,6 @@ random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -11692,7 +13439,6 @@ random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -11704,18 +13450,31 @@ random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mt19937.c
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}random.c
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}random.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}siphash.c
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}siphash.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+random.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+range.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+range.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compar.h
@@ -11787,6 +13546,7 @@ range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -11855,7 +13615,6 @@ range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -11886,7 +13645,6 @@ range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -11902,10 +13660,16 @@ range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}range.c
+range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 range.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -11913,14 +13677,17 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/complex.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -11931,7 +13698,9 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -11974,6 +13743,7 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -12006,6 +13776,15 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -12033,7 +13812,6 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -12064,7 +13842,6 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -12076,17 +13853,34 @@ rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rational.c
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+rational.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
@@ -12098,8 +13892,10 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/time.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -12115,6 +13911,7 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}hrtime.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
@@ -12156,6 +13953,7 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -12225,7 +14023,6 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -12256,7 +14053,6 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -12268,7 +14064,9 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}re.c
@@ -12276,9 +14074,17 @@ re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}re.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regenc.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regex.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regint.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+re.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -12331,6 +14137,7 @@ regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -12390,7 +14197,6 @@ regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -12421,7 +14227,6 @@ regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 regcomp.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -12493,6 +14298,7 @@ regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -12552,7 +14358,6 @@ regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -12583,7 +14388,6 @@ regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 regenc.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -12654,6 +14458,7 @@ regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -12713,7 +14518,6 @@ regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -12744,7 +14548,6 @@ regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 regerror.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -12815,6 +14618,7 @@ regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -12874,7 +14678,6 @@ regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -12905,7 +14708,6 @@ regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 regexec.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -12980,6 +14782,7 @@ regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -13039,7 +14842,6 @@ regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -13070,7 +14872,6 @@ regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
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 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 regparse.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -13142,6 +14943,7 @@ regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
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 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -13201,7 +15003,6 @@ regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
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 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -13232,7 +15033,6 @@ regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
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 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
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 regsyntax.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regsyntax.c
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+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
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+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_callinfo.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_exec.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_insnhelper.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
+rjit_c.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
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 ruby-runner.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is.h
 ruby-runner.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/apple.h
@@ -13271,9 +15576,11 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cmdlineopt.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/file.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -13285,13 +15592,35 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/loadpath.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/missing.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
-ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/process.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
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+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
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+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -13352,6 +15681,7 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -13420,7 +15750,6 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
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 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -13451,7 +15780,6 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
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 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -13464,15 +15792,21 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby.c
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
@@ -13482,18 +15816,21 @@ ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 ruby.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
+ruby_parser.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_parser.c
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -13508,10 +15845,12 @@ scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}fiber/scheduler.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -13552,6 +15891,7 @@ scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -13620,7 +15960,6 @@ scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -13651,7 +15990,6 @@ scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -13672,7 +16010,9 @@ scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}scheduler.c
+scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 scheduler.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -13731,6 +16071,7 @@ setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -13790,7 +16131,6 @@ setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -13821,7 +16161,6 @@ setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -13838,13 +16177,225 @@ setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}setproctitle.c
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 setproctitle.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
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+shape.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
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+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
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+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
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+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}variable.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+shape.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/eval.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
@@ -13854,6 +16405,7 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/signal.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -13868,6 +16420,7 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
@@ -13914,6 +16467,7 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -13982,7 +16536,6 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -14013,7 +16566,6 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -14034,6 +16586,8 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}signal.c
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
@@ -14043,6 +16597,7 @@ signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 signal.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -14058,6 +16613,7 @@ sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
+sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -14071,6 +16627,7 @@ sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
@@ -14115,6 +16672,7 @@ sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -14184,7 +16742,6 @@ sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -14215,7 +16772,6 @@ sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -14232,6 +16788,7 @@ sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}re.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regex.h
+sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}sprintf.c
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 sprintf.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
@@ -14296,6 +16853,7 @@ st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -14355,7 +16913,6 @@ st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -14386,7 +16943,6 @@ st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -14404,6 +16960,7 @@ st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 st.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+strftime.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
@@ -14461,6 +17018,7 @@ strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -14529,7 +17087,6 @@ strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -14560,7 +17117,6 @@ strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -14580,8 +17136,14 @@ strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}strftime.c
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}timev.h
 strftime.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -14591,6 +17153,7 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/proc.h
@@ -14600,6 +17163,7 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/transcode.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -14614,11 +17178,11 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encindex.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
-string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -14661,6 +17225,7 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -14730,7 +17295,6 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -14761,7 +17325,6 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -14773,7 +17336,9 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
@@ -14781,12 +17346,18 @@ string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}re.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}regex.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}string.c
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 string.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 strlcat.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 strlcat.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/format.h
@@ -14823,7 +17394,9 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
@@ -14837,6 +17410,7 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/struct.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -14852,6 +17426,8 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
@@ -14896,6 +17472,7 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -14964,7 +17541,6 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -14995,7 +17571,6 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -15014,28 +17589,41 @@ struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}struct.c
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
-struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+struct.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/object.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -15045,11 +17633,12 @@ symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/limits.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
-symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.c
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.c
@@ -15094,6 +17683,7 @@ symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -15162,7 +17752,6 @@ symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -15193,7 +17782,6 @@ symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -15205,17 +17793,28 @@ symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.c
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.rb
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.rbinc
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
+symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 symbol.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
@@ -15223,7 +17822,9 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
@@ -15241,8 +17842,31 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/time.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}$(COROUTINE_H)
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -15256,13 +17880,13 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}fiber/scheduler.h
-thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}hrtime.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
@@ -15306,6 +17930,7 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -15374,7 +17999,6 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -15405,7 +18029,6 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -15421,14 +18044,19 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}io.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.c
@@ -15436,22 +18064,29 @@ thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).c
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_pthread_mn.c
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_sync.c
-thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_sync.rb
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_sync.rbinc
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}timev.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 thread.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compar.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
@@ -15462,6 +18097,7 @@ time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
@@ -15518,6 +18154,7 @@ time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -15586,7 +18223,6 @@ time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -15617,7 +18253,6 @@ time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -15629,15 +18264,24 @@ time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}time.c
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}timev.h
 time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}timev.rbinc
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+time.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -15649,6 +18293,7 @@ transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/transcode.h
+transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -15661,6 +18306,7 @@ transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
@@ -15705,6 +18351,7 @@ transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -15773,7 +18420,6 @@ transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -15804,7 +18450,6 @@ transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -15819,187 +18464,11 @@ transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transcode.c
 transcode.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transcode_data.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/struct.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/inttypes.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/limits.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/anyargs.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/char.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/double.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/int.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/long.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/short.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/artificial.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/cold.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/const.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/constexpr.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/deprecated.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/flag_enum.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/forceinline.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/weakref.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/cast.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/apple.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rbignum.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rclass.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rdata.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rfile.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/robject.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rregexp.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rstring.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rstruct.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/fl_type.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/gc.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/globals.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/class.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdbool.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/symbol.h
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-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.c
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
-transient_heap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
@@ -16059,6 +18528,7 @@ util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -16118,7 +18588,6 @@ util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -16149,7 +18618,6 @@ util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 util.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -16172,7 +18640,9 @@ variable.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+variable.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+variable.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
@@ -16248,6 +18718,7 @@ variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -16316,7 +18787,6 @@ variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -16347,7 +18817,6 @@ variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -16368,11 +18837,13 @@ variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}symbol.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
-variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}transient_heap.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}util.h
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}variable.c
 variable.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}variable.h
@@ -16388,14 +18859,16 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cmdlineopt.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
-version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/revision.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/version.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
@@ -16409,9 +18882,12 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -16452,6 +18928,7 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -16484,6 +18961,15 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -16511,7 +18997,6 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -16542,7 +19027,6 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -16556,10 +19040,15 @@ version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}revision.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 version.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -16574,7 +19063,9 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
@@ -16582,6 +19073,7 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compar.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compile.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/eval.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
@@ -16595,6 +19087,7 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/proc.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/random.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/re.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -16602,9 +19095,31 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/struct.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/transcode.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -16624,7 +19139,6 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defs/opt_operand.def
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
-vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}insns.def
@@ -16670,6 +19184,7 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -16738,7 +19253,6 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -16769,7 +19283,6 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -16784,17 +19297,22 @@ vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes_helper.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 vm.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -16823,7 +19341,10 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -16831,8 +19352,30 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -16845,11 +19388,14 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -16890,6 +19436,7 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -16958,7 +19505,6 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -16989,7 +19535,6 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -17007,21 +19552,29 @@ vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_backtrace.c
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+vm_backtrace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
@@ -17030,6 +19583,27 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}addr2line.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
@@ -17045,7 +19619,7 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
-vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -17088,6 +19662,7 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -17120,6 +19695,15 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -17147,7 +19731,6 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -17178,7 +19761,6 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -17194,11 +19776,18 @@ vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}procstat_vm.c
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 vm_dump.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -17213,11 +19802,14 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
@@ -17232,9 +19824,10 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
-vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
@@ -17277,6 +19870,7 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -17309,6 +19903,15 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
@@ -17336,7 +19939,6 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -17367,7 +19969,6 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -17382,10 +19983,14 @@ vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor_core.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 vm_sync.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -17402,6 +20007,9 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
@@ -17409,8 +20017,31 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/symbol.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -17424,12 +20055,14 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}builtin.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}constant.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}eval_intern.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
@@ -17470,6 +20103,7 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -17538,7 +20172,6 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -17569,7 +20202,6 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -17584,35 +20216,244 @@ vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}iseq.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
-vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}mjit.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ractor.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rjit.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}trace_point.rbinc
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_debug.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_trace.c
 vm_trace.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/proc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/attributes.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/bool.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/inttypes.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/limits.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/long_long.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdalign.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/stdarg.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}config.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}intern.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/abi.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/anyargs.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/char.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/double.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/int.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/long.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/short.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/assume.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/artificial.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/cold.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/const.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/constexpr.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/deprecated.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/error.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/forceinline.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/format.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noalias.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/warning.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/weakref.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/cast.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/compiler_since.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/config.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/constant_p.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rarray.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rbasic.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rbignum.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rclass.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rdata.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rfile.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rhash.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/robject.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rregexp.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rstring.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rstruct.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/ctype.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dllexport.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/dosish.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/coderange.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/ctype.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/encoding.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/pathname.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/re.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/string.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/symbol.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/encoding/transcode.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/error.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/eval.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/event.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/fl_type.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/gc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/glob.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/globals.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/attribute.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/builtin.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/c_attribute.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/extension.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/feature.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/has/warning.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/array.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/bignum.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/class.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/compar.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/complex.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/cont.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/dir.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enum.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/marshal.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/numeric.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/object.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/parse.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/proc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/process.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/random.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/range.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/rational.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/re.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/ruby.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/select.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/signal.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/sprintf.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/string.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/struct.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/thread.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/time.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/variable.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/vm.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/interpreter.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/iterator.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdalign.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/stdbool.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/symbol.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/value_type.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/variable.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/warning_push.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/xmalloc.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}method.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_native.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_core.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
+weakmap.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}weakmap.c
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/check_type/check_type.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/container_of/container_of.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/list/list.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(CCAN_DIR)/str/str.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compile.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/cont.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -17620,6 +20461,27 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/defines.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/diagnostic.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/encoding.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/node.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/options.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/pack.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/parser.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prettyprint.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/prism.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/regexp.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_buffer.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_char.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_list.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_memchr.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_string_list.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): $(top_srcdir)/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}assert.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}atomic.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}backward/2/assume.h
@@ -17638,7 +20500,6 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}debug_counter.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}defines.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}encoding.h
-yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}gc.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}id_table.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}insns.def
@@ -17684,6 +20545,7 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noexcept.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noinline.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/nonnull.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/noreturn.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/pure.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/restrict.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -17752,7 +20614,6 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/enumerator.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/error.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/eval.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/file.h
-yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/gc.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/hash.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/io.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/intern/load.h
@@ -17783,7 +20644,7 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/memory.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/method.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/module.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/newobj.h
-yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/rgengc.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/numeric.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/scan_args.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/special_consts.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}internal/static_assert.h
@@ -17801,11 +20662,16 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}missing.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}node.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}onigmo.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}oniguruma.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/ast.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism/version.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}prism_compile.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}probes_helper.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_assert.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}ruby_atomic.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}rubyparser.h
+yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}shape.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}st.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}subst.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}thread_$(THREAD_MODEL).h
@@ -17818,6 +20684,5 @@ yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_opts.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}vm_sync.h
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.c
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.h
-yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.rb
 yjit.$(OBJEXT): {$(VPATH)}yjit.rbinc
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/compar.c b/compar.c
index 00e79b5767..081b4e2dea 100644
--- a/compar.c
+++ b/compar.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ VALUE
 rb_invcmp(VALUE x, VALUE y)
 {
     VALUE invcmp = rb_exec_recursive(invcmp_recursive, x, y);
-    if (invcmp == Qundef || NIL_P(invcmp)) {
+    if (NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(invcmp)) {
         return Qnil;
     }
     else {
@@ -187,6 +187,12 @@ cmp_between(VALUE x, VALUE min, VALUE max)
  *     'd'.clamp('a', 'f')      #=> 'd'
  *     'z'.clamp('a', 'f')      #=> 'f'
  *
+ * If _min_ is +nil+, it is considered smaller than _obj_,
+ * and if _max_ is +nil+, it is considered greater than _obj_.
+ *
+ *     -20.clamp(0, nil)           #=> 0
+ *     523.clamp(nil, 100)         #=> 100
+ *
  * In <code>(range)</code> form, returns _range.begin_ if _obj_
  * <code><=></code> _range.begin_ is less than zero, _range.end_
  * if _obj_ <code><=></code> _range.end_ is greater than zero, and
@@ -229,7 +235,7 @@ cmp_clamp(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE x)
         }
     }
     if (!NIL_P(min) && !NIL_P(max) && cmpint(min, max) > 0) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "min argument must be smaller than max argument");
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "min argument must be less than or equal to max argument");
     }
 
     if (!NIL_P(min)) {
@@ -257,25 +263,28 @@ cmp_clamp(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE x)
  *  <code>==</code>, <code>>=</code>, and <code>></code>) and the
  *  method <code>between?</code>.
  *
- *     class SizeMatters
+ *     class StringSorter
  *       include Comparable
+ *
  *       attr :str
  *       def <=>(other)
  *         str.size <=> other.str.size
  *       end
+ *
  *       def initialize(str)
  *         @str = str
  *       end
+ *
  *       def inspect
  *         @str
  *       end
  *     end
  *
- *     s1 = SizeMatters.new("Z")
- *     s2 = SizeMatters.new("YY")
- *     s3 = SizeMatters.new("XXX")
- *     s4 = SizeMatters.new("WWWW")
- *     s5 = SizeMatters.new("VVVVV")
+ *     s1 = StringSorter.new("Z")
+ *     s2 = StringSorter.new("YY")
+ *     s3 = StringSorter.new("XXX")
+ *     s4 = StringSorter.new("WWWW")
+ *     s5 = StringSorter.new("VVVVV")
  *
  *     s1 < s2                       #=> true
  *     s4.between?(s1, s3)           #=> false
@@ -289,8 +298,8 @@ cmp_clamp(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE x)
  *  - #<: Returns whether +self+ is less than the given object.
  *  - #<=: Returns whether +self+ is less than or equal to the given object.
  *  - #==: Returns whether +self+ is equal to the given object.
- *  - #>: Returns whether +self+ is greater than or equal to the given object.
- *  - #>=: Returns whether +self+ is greater than the given object.
+ *  - #>: Returns whether +self+ is greater than the given object.
+ *  - #>=: Returns whether +self+ is greater than or equal to the given object.
  *  - #between?: Returns +true+ if +self+ is between two given objects.
  *  - #clamp: For given objects +min+ and +max+, or range <tt>(min..max)</tt>, returns:
  *
diff --git a/compile.c b/compile.c
index e906bd1e10..4fd562a678 100644
--- a/compile.c
+++ b/compile.c
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "encindex.h"
-#include "gc.h"
 #include "id_table.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/array.h"
@@ -25,6 +24,7 @@
 #include "internal/complex.h"
 #include "internal/encoding.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
 #include "internal/numeric.h"
 #include "internal/object.h"
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "vm_core.h"
 #include "vm_callinfo.h"
 #include "vm_debug.h"
+#include "yjit.h"
 
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "insns.inc"
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ struct ensure_range {
 };
 
 struct iseq_compile_data_ensure_node_stack {
-    const NODE *ensure_node;
+    const void *ensure_node;
     struct iseq_compile_data_ensure_node_stack *prev;
     struct ensure_range *erange;
 };
@@ -332,10 +333,10 @@ static void iseq_add_setlocal(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const seq, const NOD
   (debug_compile("== " desc "\n", \
                  iseq_compile_each(iseq, (anchor), (node), (popped))))
 
-#define COMPILE_RECV(anchor, desc, node) \
+#define COMPILE_RECV(anchor, desc, node, recv) \
     (private_recv_p(node) ? \
      (ADD_INSN(anchor, node, putself), VM_CALL_FCALL) : \
-     COMPILE(anchor, desc, node->nd_recv) ? 0 : -1)
+     COMPILE(anchor, desc, recv) ? 0 : -1)
 
 #define OPERAND_AT(insn, idx) \
   (((INSN*)(insn))->operands[(idx)])
@@ -486,7 +487,6 @@ static int iseq_set_local_table(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const rb_ast_id_table_t *tbl);
 static int iseq_set_exception_local_table(rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 static int iseq_set_arguments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor, const NODE *const node);
 
-static int iseq_set_sequence_stackcaching(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor);
 static int iseq_set_sequence(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor);
 static int iseq_set_exception_table(rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 static int iseq_set_optargs_table(rb_iseq_t *iseq);
@@ -721,6 +721,117 @@ validate_labels(rb_iseq_t *iseq, st_table *labels_table)
     st_free_table(labels_table);
 }
 
+static NODE *
+get_nd_recv(const NODE *node)
+{
+    switch (nd_type(node)) {
+      case NODE_CALL:
+        return RNODE_CALL(node)->nd_recv;
+      case NODE_OPCALL:
+        return RNODE_OPCALL(node)->nd_recv;
+      case NODE_FCALL:
+        return 0;
+      case NODE_QCALL:
+        return RNODE_QCALL(node)->nd_recv;
+      case NODE_VCALL:
+        return 0;
+      case NODE_ATTRASGN:
+        return RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_recv;
+      case NODE_OP_ASGN1:
+        return RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_recv;
+      case NODE_OP_ASGN2:
+        return RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_recv;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unexpected node: %s", ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)));
+    }
+}
+
+static ID
+get_node_call_nd_mid(const NODE *node)
+{
+    switch (nd_type(node)) {
+      case NODE_CALL:
+        return RNODE_CALL(node)->nd_mid;
+      case NODE_OPCALL:
+        return RNODE_OPCALL(node)->nd_mid;
+      case NODE_FCALL:
+        return RNODE_FCALL(node)->nd_mid;
+      case NODE_QCALL:
+        return RNODE_QCALL(node)->nd_mid;
+      case NODE_VCALL:
+        return RNODE_VCALL(node)->nd_mid;
+      case NODE_ATTRASGN:
+        return RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_mid;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unexpected node: %s", ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)));
+    }
+}
+
+static NODE *
+get_nd_args(const NODE *node)
+{
+    switch (nd_type(node)) {
+      case NODE_CALL:
+        return RNODE_CALL(node)->nd_args;
+      case NODE_OPCALL:
+        return RNODE_OPCALL(node)->nd_args;
+      case NODE_FCALL:
+        return RNODE_FCALL(node)->nd_args;
+      case NODE_QCALL:
+        return RNODE_QCALL(node)->nd_args;
+      case NODE_VCALL:
+        return 0;
+      case NODE_ATTRASGN:
+        return RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unexpected node: %s", ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)));
+    }
+}
+
+static ID
+get_node_colon_nd_mid(const NODE *node)
+{
+    switch (nd_type(node)) {
+      case NODE_COLON2:
+        return RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid;
+      case NODE_COLON3:
+        return RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unexpected node: %s", ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)));
+    }
+}
+
+static ID
+get_nd_vid(const NODE *node)
+{
+    switch (nd_type(node)) {
+      case NODE_LASGN:
+        return RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_vid;
+      case NODE_DASGN:
+        return RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_vid;
+      case NODE_IASGN:
+        return RNODE_IASGN(node)->nd_vid;
+      case NODE_CVASGN:
+        return RNODE_CVASGN(node)->nd_vid;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unexpected node: %s", ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)));
+    }
+}
+
+
+static NODE *
+get_nd_value(const NODE *node)
+{
+    switch (nd_type(node)) {
+      case NODE_LASGN:
+        return RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_value;
+      case NODE_DASGN:
+        return RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_value;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unexpected node: %s", ruby_node_name(nd_type(node)));
+    }
+}
+
 VALUE
 rb_iseq_compile_callback(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const struct rb_iseq_new_with_callback_callback_func * ifunc)
 {
@@ -753,8 +864,8 @@ rb_iseq_compile_node(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node)
     /* assume node is T_NODE */
     else if (nd_type_p(node, NODE_SCOPE)) {
         /* iseq type of top, method, class, block */
-        iseq_set_local_table(iseq, node->nd_tbl);
-        iseq_set_arguments(iseq, ret, node->nd_args);
+        iseq_set_local_table(iseq, RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_tbl);
+        iseq_set_arguments(iseq, ret, (NODE *)RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_args);
 
         switch (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->type) {
           case ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK:
@@ -766,10 +877,10 @@ rb_iseq_compile_node(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node)
                 end->rescued = LABEL_RESCUE_END;
 
                 ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL);
-                NODE dummy_line_node = generate_dummy_line_node(FIX2INT(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.first_lineno), -1);
+                NODE dummy_line_node = generate_dummy_line_node(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.first_lineno, -1);
                 ADD_INSN (ret, &dummy_line_node, nop);
                 ADD_LABEL(ret, start);
-                CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "block body", node->nd_body));
+                CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "block body", RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body));
                 ADD_LABEL(ret, end);
                 ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN);
                 ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->last_line = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.code_location.end_pos.lineno;
@@ -782,23 +893,23 @@ rb_iseq_compile_node(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node)
           case ISEQ_TYPE_CLASS:
             {
                 ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_CLASS);
-                CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "scoped node", node->nd_body));
+                CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "scoped node", RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body));
                 ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_END);
                 ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->last_line = nd_line(node);
                 break;
             }
           case ISEQ_TYPE_METHOD:
             {
-                ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->root_node = node->nd_body;
+                ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->root_node = RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body;
                 ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_CALL);
-                CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "scoped node", node->nd_body));
-                ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->root_node = node->nd_body;
+                CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "scoped node", RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body));
+                ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->root_node = RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body;
                 ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_RETURN);
                 ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->last_line = nd_line(node);
                 break;
             }
           default: {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "scoped node", node->nd_body));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "scoped node", RNODE_SCOPE(node)->nd_body));
             break;
           }
         }
@@ -856,6 +967,20 @@ rb_iseq_compile_node(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node)
     return iseq_setup(iseq, ret);
 }
 
+static VALUE rb_translate_prism(pm_parser_t *parser, rb_iseq_t *iseq, pm_scope_node_t *scope_node, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret);
+
+VALUE
+rb_iseq_compile_prism_node(rb_iseq_t * iseq, pm_scope_node_t *scope_node, pm_parser_t *parser)
+{
+    DECL_ANCHOR(ret);
+    INIT_ANCHOR(ret);
+
+    CHECK(rb_translate_prism(parser, iseq, scope_node, ret));
+
+    CHECK(iseq_setup_insn(iseq, ret));
+    return iseq_setup(iseq, ret);
+}
+
 static int
 rb_iseq_translate_threaded_code(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
@@ -872,6 +997,11 @@ rb_iseq_translate_threaded_code(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     }
     FL_SET((VALUE)iseq, ISEQ_TRANSLATED);
 #endif
+
+#if USE_YJIT
+    rb_yjit_live_iseq_count++;
+#endif
+
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -1243,6 +1373,32 @@ new_adjust_body(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LABEL *label, int line)
     return adjust;
 }
 
+static void
+iseq_insn_each_markable_object(INSN *insn, void (*func)(VALUE, VALUE), VALUE data)
+{
+    const char *types = insn_op_types(insn->insn_id);
+    for (int j = 0; types[j]; j++) {
+        char type = types[j];
+        switch (type) {
+          case TS_CDHASH:
+          case TS_ISEQ:
+          case TS_VALUE:
+          case TS_IC: // constant path array
+          case TS_CALLDATA: // ci is stored.
+            func(OPERAND_AT(insn, j), data);
+            break;
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+iseq_insn_each_object_write_barrier(VALUE obj, VALUE iseq)
+{
+    RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, obj);
+}
+
 static INSN *
 new_insn_core(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *line_node,
               int insn_id, int argc, VALUE *argv)
@@ -1260,6 +1416,9 @@ new_insn_core(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *line_node,
     iobj->operands = argv;
     iobj->operand_size = argc;
     iobj->sc_state = 0;
+
+    iseq_insn_each_markable_object(iobj, iseq_insn_each_object_write_barrier, (VALUE)iseq);
+
     return iobj;
 }
 
@@ -1326,14 +1485,15 @@ new_child_iseq(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *const node,
     rb_ast_body_t ast;
 
     ast.root = node;
-    ast.compile_option = 0;
+    ast.frozen_string_literal = -1;
+    ast.coverage_enabled = -1;
     ast.script_lines = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->variable.script_lines;
 
     debugs("[new_child_iseq]> ---------------------------------------\n");
     int isolated_depth = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->isolated_depth;
     ret_iseq = rb_iseq_new_with_opt(&ast, name,
                                     rb_iseq_path(iseq), rb_iseq_realpath(iseq),
-                                    INT2FIX(line_no), parent,
+                                    line_no, parent,
                                     isolated_depth ? isolated_depth + 1 : 0,
                                     type, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option);
     debugs("[new_child_iseq]< ---------------------------------------\n");
@@ -1349,17 +1509,20 @@ new_child_iseq_with_callback(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const struct rb_iseq_new_with_call
     debugs("[new_child_iseq_with_callback]> ---------------------------------------\n");
     ret_iseq = rb_iseq_new_with_callback(ifunc, name,
                                  rb_iseq_path(iseq), rb_iseq_realpath(iseq),
-                                 INT2FIX(line_no), parent, type, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option);
+                                 line_no, parent, type, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option);
     debugs("[new_child_iseq_with_callback]< ---------------------------------------\n");
     return ret_iseq;
 }
 
 static void
-set_catch_except_p(struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body)
+set_catch_except_p(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
-    body->catch_except_p = true;
-    if (body->parent_iseq != NULL) {
-        set_catch_except_p(ISEQ_BODY(body->parent_iseq));
+    RUBY_ASSERT(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq));
+    ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_except_p = true;
+    if (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->parent_iseq != NULL) {
+        if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->parent_iseq)) {
+          set_catch_except_p((rb_iseq_t *) ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->parent_iseq);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1371,7 +1534,7 @@ set_catch_except_p(struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body)
    So this function sets true for limited ISeqs with break/next/redo catch table entries
    whose child ISeq would really raise an exception. */
 static void
-update_catch_except_flags(struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body)
+update_catch_except_flags(rb_iseq_t *iseq, struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body)
 {
     unsigned int pos;
     size_t i;
@@ -1384,7 +1547,7 @@ update_catch_except_flags(struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body)
     while (pos < body->iseq_size) {
         insn = rb_vm_insn_decode(body->iseq_encoded[pos]);
         if (insn == BIN(throw)) {
-            set_catch_except_p(body);
+            set_catch_except_p(iseq);
             break;
         }
         pos += insn_len(insn);
@@ -1399,7 +1562,8 @@ update_catch_except_flags(struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body)
         if (entry->type != CATCH_TYPE_BREAK
             && entry->type != CATCH_TYPE_NEXT
             && entry->type != CATCH_TYPE_REDO) {
-            body->catch_except_p = true;
+            RUBY_ASSERT(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq));
+            ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_except_p = true;
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -1411,9 +1575,9 @@ iseq_insert_nop_between_end_and_cont(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     VALUE catch_table_ary = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary;
     if (NIL_P(catch_table_ary)) return;
     unsigned int i, tlen = (unsigned int)RARRAY_LEN(catch_table_ary);
-    const VALUE *tptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(catch_table_ary);
+    const VALUE *tptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(catch_table_ary);
     for (i = 0; i < tlen; i++) {
-        const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(tptr[i]);
+        const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(tptr[i]);
         LINK_ELEMENT *end = (LINK_ELEMENT *)(ptr[2] & ~1);
         LINK_ELEMENT *cont = (LINK_ELEMENT *)(ptr[4] & ~1);
         LINK_ELEMENT *e;
@@ -1460,13 +1624,6 @@ iseq_setup_insn(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
             dump_disasm_list(FIRST_ELEMENT(anchor));
     }
 
-    if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->stack_caching) {
-        debugs("[compile step 3.3 (iseq_set_sequence_stackcaching)]\n");
-        iseq_set_sequence_stackcaching(iseq, anchor);
-        if (compile_debug > 5)
-            dump_disasm_list(FIRST_ELEMENT(anchor));
-    }
-
     debugs("[compile step 3.4 (iseq_insert_nop_between_end_and_cont)]\n");
     iseq_insert_nop_between_end_and_cont(iseq);
     if (compile_debug > 5)
@@ -1496,10 +1653,12 @@ iseq_setup(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
     if (!rb_iseq_translate_threaded_code(iseq)) return COMPILE_NG;
 
     debugs("[compile step 6 (update_catch_except_flags)] \n");
-    update_catch_except_flags(ISEQ_BODY(iseq));
+    RUBY_ASSERT(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq));
+    update_catch_except_flags(iseq, ISEQ_BODY(iseq));
 
     debugs("[compile step 6.1 (remove unused catch tables)] \n");
-    if (!ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_except_p && ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_table) {
+    RUBY_ASSERT(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq));
+    if (!ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_except_p && ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_table) {
         xfree(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_table);
         ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_table = NULL;
     }
@@ -1740,7 +1899,7 @@ static int
 iseq_set_arguments_keywords(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs,
                             const struct rb_args_info *args, int arg_size)
 {
-    const NODE *node = args->kw_args;
+    const rb_node_kw_arg_t *node = args->kw_args;
     struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
     struct rb_iseq_param_keyword *keyword;
     const VALUE default_values = rb_ary_hidden_new(1);
@@ -1759,7 +1918,7 @@ iseq_set_arguments_keywords(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs,
 
     node = args->kw_args;
     while (node) {
-        const NODE *val_node = node->nd_body->nd_value;
+        const NODE *val_node = get_nd_value(node->nd_body);
         VALUE dv;
 
         if (val_node == NODE_SPECIAL_REQUIRED_KEYWORD) {
@@ -1768,7 +1927,7 @@ iseq_set_arguments_keywords(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs,
         else {
             switch (nd_type(val_node)) {
               case NODE_LIT:
-                dv = val_node->nd_lit;
+                dv = RNODE_LIT(val_node)->nd_lit;
                 break;
               case NODE_NIL:
                 dv = Qnil;
@@ -1780,7 +1939,7 @@ iseq_set_arguments_keywords(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs,
                 dv = Qfalse;
                 break;
               default:
-                NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(optargs, "kwarg", node)); /* nd_type_p(node, NODE_KW_ARG) */
+                NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(optargs, "kwarg", RNODE(node))); /* nd_type_p(node, NODE_KW_ARG) */
                 dv = complex_mark;
             }
 
@@ -1793,7 +1952,7 @@ iseq_set_arguments_keywords(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs,
 
     keyword->num = kw;
 
-    if (args->kw_rest_arg->nd_vid != 0) {
+    if (RNODE_DVAR(args->kw_rest_arg)->nd_vid != 0) {
         keyword->rest_start = arg_size++;
         body->param.flags.has_kwrest = TRUE;
     }
@@ -1824,7 +1983,7 @@ iseq_set_arguments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs, const NODE *cons
 
     if (node_args) {
         struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
-        struct rb_args_info *args = node_args->nd_ainfo;
+        struct rb_args_info *args = &RNODE_ARGS(node_args)->nd_ainfo;
         ID rest_id = 0;
         int last_comma = 0;
         ID block_id = 0;
@@ -1845,14 +2004,14 @@ iseq_set_arguments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs, const NODE *cons
         block_id = args->block_arg;
 
         if (args->opt_args) {
-            const NODE *node = args->opt_args;
+            const rb_node_opt_arg_t *node = args->opt_args;
             LABEL *label;
             VALUE labels = rb_ary_hidden_new(1);
             VALUE *opt_table;
             int i = 0, j;
 
             while (node) {
-                label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(node));
+                label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(RNODE(node)));
                 rb_ary_push(labels, (VALUE)label | 1);
                 ADD_LABEL(optargs, label);
                 NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(optargs, "optarg", node->nd_body));
@@ -1867,7 +2026,7 @@ iseq_set_arguments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const optargs, const NODE *cons
 
             opt_table = ALLOC_N(VALUE, i+1);
 
-            MEMCPY(opt_table, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(labels), VALUE, i+1);
+            MEMCPY(opt_table, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(labels), VALUE, i+1);
             for (j = 0; j < i+1; j++) {
                 opt_table[j] &= ~1;
             }
@@ -2058,20 +2217,7 @@ cdhash_set_label_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE ptr)
 static inline VALUE
 get_ivar_ic_value(rb_iseq_t *iseq,ID id)
 {
-    VALUE val;
-    struct rb_id_table *tbl = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ivar_cache_table;
-    if (tbl) {
-        if (rb_id_table_lookup(tbl,id,&val)) {
-            return val;
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        tbl = rb_id_table_create(1);
-        ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ivar_cache_table = tbl;
-    }
-    val = INT2FIX(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ivc_size++);
-    rb_id_table_insert(tbl,id,val);
-    return val;
+    return INT2FIX(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ivc_size++);
 }
 
 static inline VALUE
@@ -2251,6 +2397,30 @@ add_adjust_info(struct iseq_insn_info_entry *insns_info, unsigned int *positions
     return TRUE;
 }
 
+static ID *
+array_to_idlist(VALUE arr)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_TYPE_P(arr, T_ARRAY));
+    long size = RARRAY_LEN(arr);
+    ID *ids = (ID *)ALLOC_N(ID, size + 1);
+    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        VALUE sym = RARRAY_AREF(arr, i);
+        ids[i] = SYM2ID(sym);
+    }
+    ids[size] = 0;
+    return ids;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+idlist_to_array(const ID *ids)
+{
+    VALUE arr = rb_ary_new();
+    while (*ids) {
+        rb_ary_push(arr, ID2SYM(*ids++));
+    }
+    return arr;
+}
+
 /**
   ruby insn object list -> raw instruction sequence
  */
@@ -2284,9 +2454,9 @@ iseq_set_sequence(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
                 if (ISEQ_COVERAGE(iseq)) {
                     if (ISEQ_LINE_COVERAGE(iseq) && (events & RUBY_EVENT_COVERAGE_LINE) &&
                         !(rb_get_coverage_mode() & COVERAGE_TARGET_ONESHOT_LINES)) {
-                        int line = iobj->insn_info.line_no;
-                        if (line >= 1) {
-                            RARRAY_ASET(ISEQ_LINE_COVERAGE(iseq), line - 1, INT2FIX(0));
+                        int line = iobj->insn_info.line_no - 1;
+                        if (line >= 0 && line < RARRAY_LEN(ISEQ_LINE_COVERAGE(iseq))) {
+                            RARRAY_ASET(ISEQ_LINE_COVERAGE(iseq), line, INT2FIX(0));
                         }
                     }
                     if (ISEQ_BRANCH_COVERAGE(iseq) && (events & RUBY_EVENT_COVERAGE_BRANCH)) {
@@ -2342,7 +2512,12 @@ iseq_set_sequence(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
     generated_iseq = ALLOC_N(VALUE, code_index);
     insns_info = ALLOC_N(struct iseq_insn_info_entry, insn_num);
     positions = ALLOC_N(unsigned int, insn_num);
-    body->is_entries = ZALLOC_N(union iseq_inline_storage_entry, ISEQ_IS_SIZE(body));
+    if (ISEQ_IS_SIZE(body)) {
+        body->is_entries = ZALLOC_N(union iseq_inline_storage_entry, ISEQ_IS_SIZE(body));
+    }
+    else {
+        body->is_entries = NULL;
+    }
     body->call_data = ZALLOC_N(struct rb_call_data, body->ci_size);
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ci_index = 0;
 
@@ -2433,9 +2608,38 @@ iseq_set_sequence(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
                         }
                       /* [ TS_IVC | TS_ICVARC | TS_ISE | TS_IC ] */
                       case TS_IC: /* inline cache: constants */
+                        {
+                            unsigned int ic_index = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ic_index++;
+                            IC ic = &ISEQ_IS_ENTRY_START(body, type)[ic_index].ic_cache;
+                            if (UNLIKELY(ic_index >= body->ic_size)) {
+                                BADINSN_DUMP(anchor, &iobj->link, 0);
+                                COMPILE_ERROR(iseq, iobj->insn_info.line_no,
+                                              "iseq_set_sequence: ic_index overflow: index: %d, size: %d",
+                                              ic_index, ISEQ_IS_SIZE(body));
+                            }
+
+                            ic->segments = array_to_idlist(operands[j]);
+
+                            generated_iseq[code_index + 1 + j] = (VALUE)ic;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                      case TS_IVC: /* inline ivar cache */
+                        {
+                            unsigned int ic_index = FIX2UINT(operands[j]);
+
+                            IVC cache = ((IVC)&body->is_entries[ic_index]);
+
+                            if (insn == BIN(setinstancevariable)) {
+                                cache->iv_set_name = SYM2ID(operands[j - 1]);
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                cache->iv_set_name = 0;
+                            }
+
+                            vm_ic_attr_index_initialize(cache, INVALID_SHAPE_ID);
+                        }
                       case TS_ISE: /* inline storage entry: `once` insn */
                       case TS_ICVARC: /* inline cvar cache */
-                      case TS_IVC: /* inline ivar cache */
                         {
                             unsigned int ic_index = FIX2UINT(operands[j]);
                             IC ic = &ISEQ_IS_ENTRY_START(body, type)[ic_index].ic_cache;
@@ -2447,18 +2651,13 @@ iseq_set_sequence(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
                             }
                             generated_iseq[code_index + 1 + j] = (VALUE)ic;
 
-                            if (insn == BIN(opt_getinlinecache) && type == TS_IC) {
-                                // Store the instruction index for opt_getinlinecache on the IC for
-                                // YJIT to invalidate code when opt_setinlinecache runs.
-                                ic->get_insn_idx = (unsigned int)code_index;
-                            }
                             break;
                         }
                         case TS_CALLDATA:
                         {
                             const struct rb_callinfo *source_ci = (const struct rb_callinfo *)operands[j];
-                            struct rb_call_data *cd = &body->call_data[ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ci_index++];
                             assert(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ci_index <= body->ci_size);
+                            struct rb_call_data *cd = &body->call_data[ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ci_index++];
                             cd->ci = source_ci;
                             cd->cc = vm_cc_empty();
                             generated_iseq[code_index + 1 + j] = (VALUE)cd;
@@ -2596,16 +2795,18 @@ iseq_set_exception_table(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     struct iseq_catch_table_entry *entry;
 
     ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_table = NULL;
-    if (NIL_P(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary)) return COMPILE_OK;
-    tlen = (int)RARRAY_LEN(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary);
-    tptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary);
+
+    VALUE catch_table_ary = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary;
+    if (NIL_P(catch_table_ary)) return COMPILE_OK;
+    tlen = (int)RARRAY_LEN(catch_table_ary);
+    tptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(catch_table_ary);
 
     if (tlen > 0) {
         struct iseq_catch_table *table = xmalloc(iseq_catch_table_bytes(tlen));
         table->size = tlen;
 
         for (i = 0; i < table->size; i++) {
-            ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(tptr[i]);
+            ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(tptr[i]);
             entry = UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(table, entries[i]);
             entry->type = (enum rb_catch_type)(ptr[0] & 0xffff);
             entry->start = label_get_position((LABEL *)(ptr[1] & ~1));
@@ -2634,6 +2835,8 @@ iseq_set_exception_table(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
         RB_OBJ_WRITE(iseq, &ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary, 0); /* free */
     }
 
+    RB_GC_GUARD(catch_table_ary);
+
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -3284,7 +3487,7 @@ iseq_peephole_optimize(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ELEMENT *list, const int do_tailcal
                 previ == BIN(getlocal) ||
                 previ == BIN(getblockparam) ||
                 previ == BIN(getblockparamproxy) ||
-                /* getinstancevariable may issue a warning */
+                previ == BIN(getinstancevariable) ||
                 previ == BIN(duparray)) {
                 /* just push operand or static value and pop soon, no
                  * side effects */
@@ -3537,6 +3740,15 @@ iseq_peephole_optimize(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ELEMENT *list, const int do_tailcal
     if (IS_INSN_ID(iobj, dup)) {
         if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(&iobj->link, setlocal)) {
             LINK_ELEMENT *set1 = iobj->link.next, *set2 = NULL;
+
+            /*
+            *  dup
+            *  setlocal x, y
+            *  setlocal x, y
+            * =>
+            *  dup
+            *  setlocal x, y
+            */
             if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(set1, setlocal)) {
                 set2 = set1->next;
                 if (OPERAND_AT(set1, 0) == OPERAND_AT(set2, 0) &&
@@ -3545,6 +3757,16 @@ iseq_peephole_optimize(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ELEMENT *list, const int do_tailcal
                     ELEM_REMOVE(&iobj->link);
                 }
             }
+
+            /*
+            *  dup
+            *  setlocal x, y
+            *  dup
+            *  setlocal x, y
+            * =>
+            *  dup
+            *  setlocal x, y
+            */
             else if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(set1, dup) &&
                      IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(set1->next, setlocal)) {
                 set2 = set1->next->next;
@@ -3557,6 +3779,13 @@ iseq_peephole_optimize(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ELEMENT *list, const int do_tailcal
         }
     }
 
+    /*
+    *  getlocal x, y
+    *  dup
+    *  setlocal x, y
+    * =>
+    *  dup
+    */
     if (IS_INSN_ID(iobj, getlocal)) {
         LINK_ELEMENT *niobj = &iobj->link;
         if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, dup)) {
@@ -3572,10 +3801,196 @@ iseq_peephole_optimize(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ELEMENT *list, const int do_tailcal
         }
     }
 
+    /*
+    *  opt_invokebuiltin_delegate
+    *  trace
+    *  leave
+    * =>
+    *  opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave
+    *  trace
+    *  leave
+    */
     if (IS_INSN_ID(iobj, opt_invokebuiltin_delegate)) {
         if (IS_TRACE(iobj->link.next)) {
             if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(iobj->link.next, leave)) {
                 iobj->insn_id = BIN(opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave);
+                const struct rb_builtin_function *bf = (const struct rb_builtin_function *)iobj->operands[0];
+                if (iobj == (INSN *)list && bf->argc == 0 && (iseq->body->builtin_attrs & BUILTIN_ATTR_LEAF)) {
+                    iseq->body->builtin_attrs |= BUILTIN_ATTR_SINGLE_NOARG_INLINE;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+    *  getblockparam
+    *  branchif / branchunless
+    * =>
+    *  getblockparamproxy
+    *  branchif / branchunless
+    */
+    if (IS_INSN_ID(iobj, getblockparam)) {
+        if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(&iobj->link, branchif) || IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(&iobj->link, branchunless)) {
+            iobj->insn_id = BIN(getblockparamproxy);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (IS_INSN_ID(iobj, splatarray) && OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) == Qtrue) {
+        LINK_ELEMENT *niobj = &iobj->link;
+
+        /*
+        * Eliminate array allocation for f(1, *a)
+        *
+        *  splatarray true
+        *  send ARGS_SPLAT and not KW_SPLAT|ARGS_BLOCKARG
+        * =>
+        *  splatarray false
+        *  send
+        */
+        if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, send)) {
+            niobj = niobj->next;
+            unsigned int flag = vm_ci_flag((const struct rb_callinfo *)OPERAND_AT(niobj, 0));
+            if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) && !(flag & (VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT|VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG))) {
+                OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+            }
+        } else if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getlocal) || IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getinstancevariable)) {
+            niobj = niobj->next;
+
+            if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, send)) {
+                niobj = niobj->next;
+                unsigned int flag = vm_ci_flag((const struct rb_callinfo *)OPERAND_AT(niobj, 0));
+
+                if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT)) {
+                    /*
+                    * Eliminate array allocation for f(1, *a, &lvar) and f(1, *a, &@iv)
+                    *
+                    *  splatarray true
+                    *  getlocal / getinstancevariable
+                    *  send ARGS_SPLAT|ARGS_BLOCKARG and not KW_SPLAT
+                    * =>
+                    *  splatarray false
+                    *  getlocal / getinstancevariable
+                    *  send
+                    */
+                    if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG) && !(flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT)) {
+                        OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+                    }
+
+                    /*
+                    * Eliminate array allocation for f(*a, **lvar) and f(*a, **@iv)
+                    *
+                    *  splatarray true
+                    *  getlocal / getinstancevariable
+                    *  send ARGS_SPLAT|KW_SPLAT and not ARGS_BLOCKARG
+                    * =>
+                    *  splatarray false
+                    *  getlocal / getinstancevariable
+                    *  send
+                    */
+                    else if (!(flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG) && (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT)) {
+                        OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getlocal) || IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getinstancevariable) ||
+                   IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getblockparamproxy)) {
+                niobj = niobj->next;
+
+                /*
+                * Eliminate array allocation for f(*a, **lvar, &lvar) and f(*a, **@iv, &@iv)
+                *
+                *  splatarray true
+                *  getlocal / getinstancevariable
+                *  getlocal / getinstancevariable / getblockparamproxy
+                *  send ARGS_SPLAT|KW_SPLAT|ARGS_BLOCKARG
+                * =>
+                *  splatarray false
+                *  getlocal / getinstancevariable
+                *  getlocal / getinstancevariable / getblockparamproxy
+                *  send
+                */
+                if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, send)) {
+                    niobj = niobj->next;
+                    unsigned int flag = vm_ci_flag((const struct rb_callinfo *)OPERAND_AT(niobj, 0));
+
+                    if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) && (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) && (flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG)) {
+                        OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getblockparamproxy)) {
+            niobj = niobj->next;
+
+            if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, send)) {
+                niobj = niobj->next;
+                unsigned int flag = vm_ci_flag((const struct rb_callinfo *)OPERAND_AT(niobj, 0));
+
+                /*
+                * Eliminate array allocation for f(1, *a, &arg)
+                *
+                *  splatarray true
+                *  getblockparamproxy
+                *  send ARGS_SPLAT|ARGS_BLOCKARG and not KW_SPLAT
+                * =>
+                *  splatarray false
+                *  getblockparamproxy
+                *  send
+                */
+                if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG) & (flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) && !(flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT)) {
+                        OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, duphash)) {
+            niobj = niobj->next;
+
+            /*
+            * Eliminate array allocation for f(*a, kw: 1)
+            *
+            *  splatarray true
+            *  duphash
+            *  send ARGS_SPLAT|KW_SPLAT|KW_SPLAT_MUT and not ARGS_BLOCKARG
+            * =>
+            *  splatarray false
+            *  duphash
+            *  send
+            */
+            if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, send)) {
+                niobj = niobj->next;
+                unsigned int flag = vm_ci_flag((const struct rb_callinfo *)OPERAND_AT(niobj, 0));
+
+                if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) && (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) &&
+                        (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT) && !(flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG)) {
+                    OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getlocal) || IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getinstancevariable) ||
+                   IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, getblockparamproxy)) {
+                niobj = niobj->next;
+
+                /*
+                * Eliminate array allocation for f(*a, kw: 1, &lvar) and f(*a, kw: 1, &@iv)
+                *
+                *  splatarray true
+                *  duphash
+                *  getlocal / getinstancevariable / getblockparamproxy
+                *  send ARGS_SPLAT|KW_SPLAT|KW_SPLAT_MUT|ARGS_BLOCKARG
+                * =>
+                *  splatarray false
+                *  duphash
+                *  getlocal / getinstancevariable / getblockparamproxy
+                *  send
+                */
+                if (IS_NEXT_INSN_ID(niobj, send)) {
+                    niobj = niobj->next;
+                    unsigned int flag = vm_ci_flag((const struct rb_callinfo *)OPERAND_AT(niobj, 0));
+
+                    if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) && (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) &&
+                            (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT) && (flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG)) {
+                        OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0) = Qfalse;
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -3615,13 +4030,18 @@ iseq_specialized_instruction(rb_iseq_t *iseq, INSN *iobj)
             if ((vm_ci_flag(ci) & VM_CALL_ARGS_SIMPLE) && vm_ci_argc(ci) == 0) {
                 switch (vm_ci_mid(ci)) {
                   case idMax:
-                    iobj->insn_id = BIN(opt_newarray_max);
-                    ELEM_REMOVE(&niobj->link);
-                    return COMPILE_OK;
                   case idMin:
-                    iobj->insn_id = BIN(opt_newarray_min);
-                    ELEM_REMOVE(&niobj->link);
-                    return COMPILE_OK;
+                  case idHash:
+                    {
+                        VALUE num = iobj->operands[0];
+                        iobj->insn_id = BIN(opt_newarray_send);
+                        iobj->operands = compile_data_calloc2(iseq, insn_len(iobj->insn_id) - 1, sizeof(VALUE));
+                        iobj->operands[0] = num;
+                        iobj->operands[1] = rb_id2sym(vm_ci_mid(ci));
+                        iobj->operand_size = insn_len(iobj->insn_id) - 1;
+                        ELEM_REMOVE(&niobj->link);
+                        return COMPILE_OK;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -3715,7 +4135,7 @@ iseq_optimize(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
 
     int do_block_optimization = 0;
 
-    if (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->type == ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK && !ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->catch_except_p) {
+    if (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->type == ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK && !ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_except_p) {
         do_block_optimization = 1;
     }
 
@@ -3853,167 +4273,6 @@ iseq_insns_unification(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
-#if OPT_STACK_CACHING
-
-#define SC_INSN(insn, stat) sc_insn_info[(insn)][(stat)]
-#define SC_NEXT(insn)       sc_insn_next[(insn)]
-
-#include "opt_sc.inc"
-
-static int
-insn_set_sc_state(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const LINK_ELEMENT *anchor, INSN *iobj, int state)
-{
-    int nstate;
-    int insn_id;
-
-    insn_id = iobj->insn_id;
-    iobj->insn_id = SC_INSN(insn_id, state);
-    nstate = SC_NEXT(iobj->insn_id);
-
-    if (insn_id == BIN(jump) ||
-        insn_id == BIN(branchif) || insn_id == BIN(branchunless)) {
-        LABEL *lobj = (LABEL *)OPERAND_AT(iobj, 0);
-
-        if (lobj->sc_state != 0) {
-            if (lobj->sc_state != nstate) {
-                BADINSN_DUMP(anchor, iobj, lobj);
-                COMPILE_ERROR(iseq, iobj->insn_info.line_no,
-                              "insn_set_sc_state error: %d at "LABEL_FORMAT
-                              ", %d expected\n",
-                              lobj->sc_state, lobj->label_no, nstate);
-                return COMPILE_NG;
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            lobj->sc_state = nstate;
-        }
-        if (insn_id == BIN(jump)) {
-            nstate = SCS_XX;
-        }
-    }
-    else if (insn_id == BIN(leave)) {
-        nstate = SCS_XX;
-    }
-
-    return nstate;
-}
-
-static int
-label_set_sc_state(LABEL *lobj, int state)
-{
-    if (lobj->sc_state != 0) {
-        if (lobj->sc_state != state) {
-            state = lobj->sc_state;
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        lobj->sc_state = state;
-    }
-
-    return state;
-}
-
-
-#endif
-
-static int
-iseq_set_sequence_stackcaching(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor)
-{
-#if OPT_STACK_CACHING
-    LINK_ELEMENT *list;
-    int state, insn_id;
-
-    /* initialize */
-    state = SCS_XX;
-    list = FIRST_ELEMENT(anchor);
-    /* dump_disasm_list(list); */
-
-    /* for each list element */
-    while (list) {
-      redo_point:
-        switch (list->type) {
-          case ISEQ_ELEMENT_INSN:
-            {
-                INSN *iobj = (INSN *)list;
-                insn_id = iobj->insn_id;
-
-                /* dump_disasm_list(list); */
-
-                switch (insn_id) {
-                  case BIN(nop):
-                    {
-                        /* exception merge point */
-                        if (state != SCS_AX) {
-                            NODE dummy_line_node = generate_dummy_line_node(0, -1);
-                            INSN *rpobj =
-                                new_insn_body(iseq, &dummy_line_node, BIN(reput), 0);
-
-                            /* replace this insn */
-                            ELEM_REPLACE(list, (LINK_ELEMENT *)rpobj);
-                            list = (LINK_ELEMENT *)rpobj;
-                            goto redo_point;
-                        }
-                        break;
-                    }
-                  case BIN(swap):
-                    {
-                        if (state == SCS_AB || state == SCS_BA) {
-                            state = (state == SCS_AB ? SCS_BA : SCS_AB);
-
-                            ELEM_REMOVE(list);
-                            list = list->next;
-                            goto redo_point;
-                        }
-                        break;
-                    }
-                  case BIN(pop):
-                    {
-                        switch (state) {
-                          case SCS_AX:
-                          case SCS_BX:
-                            state = SCS_XX;
-                            break;
-                          case SCS_AB:
-                            state = SCS_AX;
-                            break;
-                          case SCS_BA:
-                            state = SCS_BX;
-                            break;
-                          case SCS_XX:
-                            goto normal_insn;
-                          default:
-                            COMPILE_ERROR(iseq, iobj->insn_info.line_no,
-                                          "unreachable");
-                            return COMPILE_NG;
-                        }
-                        /* remove useless pop */
-                        ELEM_REMOVE(list);
-                        list = list->next;
-                        goto redo_point;
-                    }
-                  default:;
-                    /* none */
-                }		/* end of switch */
-              normal_insn:
-                state = insn_set_sc_state(iseq, anchor, iobj, state);
-                break;
-            }
-          case ISEQ_ELEMENT_LABEL:
-            {
-                LABEL *lobj;
-                lobj = (LABEL *)list;
-
-                state = label_set_sc_state(lobj, state);
-            }
-          default:
-            break;
-        }
-        list = list->next;
-    }
-#endif
-    return COMPILE_OK;
-}
-
 static int
 all_string_result_p(const NODE *node)
 {
@@ -4022,16 +4281,16 @@ all_string_result_p(const NODE *node)
       case NODE_STR: case NODE_DSTR:
         return TRUE;
       case NODE_IF: case NODE_UNLESS:
-        if (!node->nd_body || !node->nd_else) return FALSE;
-        if (all_string_result_p(node->nd_body))
-            return all_string_result_p(node->nd_else);
+        if (!RNODE_IF(node)->nd_body || !RNODE_IF(node)->nd_else) return FALSE;
+        if (all_string_result_p(RNODE_IF(node)->nd_body))
+            return all_string_result_p(RNODE_IF(node)->nd_else);
         return FALSE;
       case NODE_AND: case NODE_OR:
-        if (!node->nd_2nd)
-            return all_string_result_p(node->nd_1st);
-        if (!all_string_result_p(node->nd_1st))
+        if (!RNODE_AND(node)->nd_2nd)
+            return all_string_result_p(RNODE_AND(node)->nd_1st);
+        if (!all_string_result_p(RNODE_AND(node)->nd_1st))
             return FALSE;
-        return all_string_result_p(node->nd_2nd);
+        return all_string_result_p(RNODE_AND(node)->nd_2nd);
       default:
         return FALSE;
     }
@@ -4040,8 +4299,8 @@ all_string_result_p(const NODE *node)
 static int
 compile_dstr_fragments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int *cntp)
 {
-    const NODE *list = node->nd_next;
-    VALUE lit = node->nd_lit;
+    const struct RNode_LIST *list = RNODE_DSTR(node)->nd_next;
+    VALUE lit = RNODE_DSTR(node)->nd_lit;
     LINK_ELEMENT *first_lit = 0;
     int cnt = 0;
 
@@ -4062,7 +4321,7 @@ compile_dstr_fragments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *cons
     while (list) {
         const NODE *const head = list->nd_head;
         if (nd_type_p(head, NODE_STR)) {
-            lit = rb_fstring(head->nd_lit);
+            lit = rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(head)->nd_lit);
             ADD_INSN1(ret, head, putobject, lit);
             RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, lit);
             lit = Qnil;
@@ -4071,7 +4330,7 @@ compile_dstr_fragments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *cons
             CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "each string", head));
         }
         cnt++;
-        list = list->nd_next;
+        list = (struct RNode_LIST *)list->nd_next;
     }
     if (NIL_P(lit) && first_lit) {
         ELEM_REMOVE(first_lit);
@@ -4086,12 +4345,12 @@ static int
 compile_block(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int popped)
 {
     while (node && nd_type_p(node, NODE_BLOCK)) {
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "BLOCK body", node->nd_head,
-                       (node->nd_next ? 1 : popped)));
-        node = node->nd_next;
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "BLOCK body", RNODE_BLOCK(node)->nd_head,
+                       (RNODE_BLOCK(node)->nd_next ? 1 : popped)));
+        node = RNODE_BLOCK(node)->nd_next;
     }
     if (node) {
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "BLOCK next", node->nd_next, popped));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "BLOCK next", RNODE_BLOCK(node)->nd_next, popped));
     }
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
@@ -4100,8 +4359,8 @@ static int
 compile_dstr(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node)
 {
     int cnt;
-    if (!node->nd_next) {
-        VALUE lit = rb_fstring(node->nd_lit);
+    if (!RNODE_DSTR(node)->nd_next) {
+        VALUE lit = rb_fstring(RNODE_DSTR(node)->nd_lit);
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putstring, lit);
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, lit);
     }
@@ -4113,11 +4372,28 @@ compile_dstr(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node)
 }
 
 static int
-compile_dregx(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node)
+compile_dregx(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped)
 {
     int cnt;
+
+    if (!RNODE_DREGX(node)->nd_next) {
+        VALUE match = RNODE_DREGX(node)->nd_lit;
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(match, T_REGEXP)) {
+            if (!popped) {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, match);
+                RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, match);
+            }
+            return COMPILE_OK;
+        }
+    }
+
     CHECK(compile_dstr_fragments(iseq, ret, node, &cnt));
-    ADD_INSN2(ret, node, toregexp, INT2FIX(node->nd_cflag), INT2FIX(cnt));
+    ADD_INSN2(ret, node, toregexp, INT2FIX(RNODE_DREGX(node)->nd_cflag), INT2FIX(cnt));
+
+    if (popped) {
+        ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+    }
+
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -4135,7 +4411,7 @@ compile_flip_flop(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const nod
     ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchif, lend);
 
     /* *flip == 0 */
-    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "flip2 beg", node->nd_beg));
+    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "flip2 beg", RNODE_FLIP2(node)->nd_beg));
     ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchunless, else_label);
     ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qtrue);
     ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setspecial, key);
@@ -4145,7 +4421,7 @@ compile_flip_flop(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const nod
 
     /* *flip == 1 */
     ADD_LABEL(ret, lend);
-    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "flip2 end", node->nd_end));
+    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "flip2 end", RNODE_FLIP2(node)->nd_end));
     ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchunless, then_label);
     ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qfalse);
     ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setspecial, key);
@@ -4155,37 +4431,62 @@ compile_flip_flop(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const nod
 }
 
 static int
-compile_branch_condition(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *cond,
+compile_branch_condition(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *ret, const NODE *cond,
+                         LABEL *then_label, LABEL *else_label);
+
+#define COMPILE_SINGLE 2
+static int
+compile_logical(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *cond,
+                LABEL *then_label, LABEL *else_label)
+{
+    DECL_ANCHOR(seq);
+    INIT_ANCHOR(seq);
+    LABEL *label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(cond));
+    if (!then_label) then_label = label;
+    else if (!else_label) else_label = label;
+
+    CHECK(compile_branch_condition(iseq, seq, cond, then_label, else_label));
+
+    if (LIST_INSN_SIZE_ONE(seq)) {
+        INSN *insn = (INSN *)ELEM_FIRST_INSN(FIRST_ELEMENT(seq));
+        if (insn->insn_id == BIN(jump) && (LABEL *)(insn->operands[0]) == label)
+            return COMPILE_OK;
+    }
+    if (!label->refcnt) {
+        return COMPILE_SINGLE;
+    }
+    ADD_LABEL(seq, label);
+    ADD_SEQ(ret, seq);
+    return COMPILE_OK;
+}
+
+static int
+compile_branch_condition(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *ret, const NODE *cond,
                          LABEL *then_label, LABEL *else_label)
 {
+    int ok;
+    DECL_ANCHOR(ignore);
+
   again:
     switch (nd_type(cond)) {
       case NODE_AND:
-        {
-            LABEL *label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(cond));
-            CHECK(compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, cond->nd_1st, label,
-                                           else_label));
-            if (!label->refcnt) {
-                ADD_INSN(ret, cond, putnil);
-                break;
-            }
-            ADD_LABEL(ret, label);
-            cond = cond->nd_2nd;
-            goto again;
-        }
+        CHECK(ok = compile_logical(iseq, ret, RNODE_AND(cond)->nd_1st, NULL, else_label));
+        cond = RNODE_AND(cond)->nd_2nd;
+        if (ok == COMPILE_SINGLE) {
+            INIT_ANCHOR(ignore);
+            ret = ignore;
+            then_label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(cond));
+        }
+        goto again;
       case NODE_OR:
-        {
-            LABEL *label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(cond));
-            CHECK(compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, cond->nd_1st, then_label,
-                                           label));
-            if (!label->refcnt) {
-                ADD_INSN(ret, cond, putnil);
-                break;
-            }
-            ADD_LABEL(ret, label);
-            cond = cond->nd_2nd;
-            goto again;
-        }
+        CHECK(ok = compile_logical(iseq, ret, RNODE_OR(cond)->nd_1st, then_label, NULL));
+        cond = RNODE_OR(cond)->nd_2nd;
+        if (ok == COMPILE_SINGLE) {
+            INIT_ANCHOR(ignore);
+            ret = ignore;
+            else_label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(cond));
+        }
+        goto again;
       case NODE_LIT:		/* NODE_LIT is always true */
       case NODE_TRUE:
       case NODE_STR:
@@ -4216,7 +4517,28 @@ compile_branch_condition(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *co
         CHECK(compile_defined_expr(iseq, ret, cond, Qfalse));
         break;
       default:
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "branch condition", cond));
+        {
+            DECL_ANCHOR(cond_seq);
+            INIT_ANCHOR(cond_seq);
+
+            CHECK(COMPILE(cond_seq, "branch condition", cond));
+
+            if (LIST_INSN_SIZE_ONE(cond_seq)) {
+                INSN *insn = (INSN *)ELEM_FIRST_INSN(FIRST_ELEMENT(cond_seq));
+                if (insn->insn_id == BIN(putobject)) {
+                    if (RTEST(insn->operands[0])) {
+                        ADD_INSNL(ret, cond, jump, then_label);
+                        // maybe unreachable
+                        return COMPILE_OK;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        ADD_INSNL(ret, cond, jump, else_label);
+                        return COMPILE_OK;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            ADD_SEQ(ret, cond_seq);
+        }
         break;
     }
 
@@ -4230,33 +4552,35 @@ compile_branch_condition(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *co
 static int
 keyword_node_p(const NODE *const node)
 {
-    return nd_type_p(node, NODE_HASH) && (node->nd_brace & HASH_BRACE) != HASH_BRACE;
+    return nd_type_p(node, NODE_HASH) && (RNODE_HASH(node)->nd_brace & HASH_BRACE) != HASH_BRACE;
 }
 
 static int
 compile_keyword_arg(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
-                          const NODE *const root_node,
-                          struct rb_callinfo_kwarg **const kw_arg_ptr,
-                          unsigned int *flag)
+                    const NODE *const root_node,
+                    struct rb_callinfo_kwarg **const kw_arg_ptr,
+                    unsigned int *flag)
 {
-    if (kw_arg_ptr == NULL) return FALSE;
+    RUBY_ASSERT(nd_type_p(root_node, NODE_HASH));
+    RUBY_ASSERT(kw_arg_ptr != NULL);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(flag != NULL);
 
-    if (root_node->nd_head && nd_type_p(root_node->nd_head, NODE_LIST)) {
-        const NODE *node = root_node->nd_head;
+    if (RNODE_HASH(root_node)->nd_head && nd_type_p(RNODE_HASH(root_node)->nd_head, NODE_LIST)) {
+        const NODE *node = RNODE_HASH(root_node)->nd_head;
         int seen_nodes = 0;
 
         while (node) {
-            const NODE *key_node = node->nd_head;
+            const NODE *key_node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head;
             seen_nodes++;
 
             assert(nd_type_p(node, NODE_LIST));
-            if (key_node && nd_type_p(key_node, NODE_LIT) && SYMBOL_P(key_node->nd_lit)) {
+            if (key_node && nd_type_p(key_node, NODE_LIT) && SYMBOL_P(RNODE_LIT(key_node)->nd_lit)) {
                 /* can be keywords */
             }
             else {
                 if (flag) {
                     *flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT;
-                    if (seen_nodes > 1 || node->nd_next->nd_next) {
+                    if (seen_nodes > 1 || RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next) {
                         /* A new hash will be created for the keyword arguments
                          * in this case, so mark the method as passing mutable
                          * keyword splat.
@@ -4266,26 +4590,27 @@ compile_keyword_arg(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
                 }
                 return FALSE;
             }
-            node = node->nd_next; /* skip value node */
-            node = node->nd_next;
+            node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next; /* skip value node */
+            node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next;
         }
 
         /* may be keywords */
-        node = root_node->nd_head;
+        node = RNODE_HASH(root_node)->nd_head;
         {
-            int len = (int)node->nd_alen / 2;
+            int len = (int)RNODE_LIST(node)->as.nd_alen / 2;
             struct rb_callinfo_kwarg *kw_arg =
                 rb_xmalloc_mul_add(len, sizeof(VALUE), sizeof(struct rb_callinfo_kwarg));
             VALUE *keywords = kw_arg->keywords;
             int i = 0;
+            kw_arg->references = 0;
             kw_arg->keyword_len = len;
 
             *kw_arg_ptr = kw_arg;
 
-            for (i=0; node != NULL; i++, node = node->nd_next->nd_next) {
-                const NODE *key_node = node->nd_head;
-                const NODE *val_node = node->nd_next->nd_head;
-                keywords[i] = key_node->nd_lit;
+            for (i=0; node != NULL; i++, node = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next) {
+                const NODE *key_node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head;
+                const NODE *val_node = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_head;
+                keywords[i] = RNODE_LIT(key_node)->nd_lit;
                 NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "keyword values", val_node));
             }
             assert(i == len);
@@ -4296,26 +4621,21 @@ compile_keyword_arg(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
 }
 
 static int
-compile_args(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node,
-                   struct rb_callinfo_kwarg **keywords_ptr, unsigned int *flag)
+compile_args(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, NODE **kwnode_ptr)
 {
     int len = 0;
 
-    for (; node; len++, node = node->nd_next) {
+    for (; node; len++, node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next) {
         if (CPDEBUG > 0) {
             EXPECT_NODE("compile_args", node, NODE_LIST, -1);
         }
 
-        if (node->nd_next == NULL && keyword_node_p(node->nd_head)) { /* last node */
-            if (compile_keyword_arg(iseq, ret, node->nd_head, keywords_ptr, flag)) {
-                len--;
-            }
-            else {
-                compile_hash(iseq, ret, node->nd_head, TRUE, FALSE);
-            }
+        if (RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next == NULL && keyword_node_p(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head)) { /* last node is kwnode */
+            *kwnode_ptr = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head;
         }
         else {
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "array element", node->nd_head, FALSE));
+            RUBY_ASSERT(!keyword_node_p(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head));
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "array element", RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, FALSE));
         }
     }
 
@@ -4352,15 +4672,15 @@ static_literal_value(const NODE *node, rb_iseq_t *iseq)
         if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->debug_frozen_string_literal || RTEST(ruby_debug)) {
             VALUE lit;
             VALUE debug_info = rb_ary_new_from_args(2, rb_iseq_path(iseq), INT2FIX((int)nd_line(node)));
-            lit = rb_str_dup(node->nd_lit);
+            lit = rb_str_dup(RNODE_STR(node)->nd_lit);
             rb_ivar_set(lit, id_debug_created_info, rb_obj_freeze(debug_info));
             return rb_str_freeze(lit);
         }
         else {
-            return rb_fstring(node->nd_lit);
+            return rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(node)->nd_lit);
         }
       default:
-        return node->nd_lit;
+        return RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit;
     }
 }
 
@@ -4379,8 +4699,8 @@ compile_array(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int pop
     EXPECT_NODE("compile_array", node, NODE_LIST, -1);
 
     if (popped) {
-        for (; node; node = node->nd_next) {
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "array element", node->nd_head, popped));
+        for (; node; node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next) {
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "array element", RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, popped));
         }
         return 1;
     }
@@ -4439,10 +4759,10 @@ compile_array(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int pop
         int count = 1;
 
         /* pre-allocation check (this branch can be omittable) */
-        if (static_literal_node_p(node->nd_head, iseq)) {
+        if (static_literal_node_p(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, iseq)) {
             /* count the elements that are optimizable */
-            const NODE *node_tmp = node->nd_next;
-            for (; node_tmp && static_literal_node_p(node_tmp->nd_head, iseq); node_tmp = node_tmp->nd_next)
+            const NODE *node_tmp = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next;
+            for (; node_tmp && static_literal_node_p(RNODE_LIST(node_tmp)->nd_head, iseq); node_tmp = RNODE_LIST(node_tmp)->nd_next)
                 count++;
 
             if ((first_chunk && stack_len == 0 && !node_tmp) || count >= min_tmp_ary_len) {
@@ -4450,8 +4770,8 @@ compile_array(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int pop
                 VALUE ary = rb_ary_hidden_new(count);
 
                 /* Create a hidden array */
-                for (; count; count--, node = node->nd_next)
-                    rb_ary_push(ary, static_literal_value(node->nd_head, iseq));
+                for (; count; count--, node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)
+                    rb_ary_push(ary, static_literal_value(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, iseq));
                 OBJ_FREEZE(ary);
 
                 /* Emit optimized code */
@@ -4469,15 +4789,15 @@ compile_array(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int pop
         }
 
         /* Base case: Compile "count" elements */
-        for (; count; count--, node = node->nd_next) {
+        for (; count; count--, node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next) {
             if (CPDEBUG > 0) {
                 EXPECT_NODE("compile_array", node, NODE_LIST, -1);
             }
 
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "array element", node->nd_head, 0));
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "array element", RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, 0));
             stack_len++;
 
-            if (!node->nd_next && keyword_node_p(node->nd_head)) {
+            if (!RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next && keyword_node_p(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head)) {
                 /* Reached the end, and the last element is a keyword */
                 FLUSH_CHUNK(newarraykwsplat);
                 return 1;
@@ -4515,7 +4835,7 @@ compile_array_1(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node)
 static inline int
 static_literal_node_pair_p(const NODE *node, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
-    return node->nd_head && static_literal_node_p(node->nd_head, iseq) && static_literal_node_p(node->nd_next->nd_head, iseq);
+    return RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head && static_literal_node_p(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, iseq) && static_literal_node_p(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_head, iseq);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -4523,7 +4843,7 @@ compile_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int meth
 {
     const NODE *line_node = node;
 
-    node = node->nd_head;
+    node = RNODE_HASH(node)->nd_head;
 
     if (!node || nd_type_p(node, NODE_ZLIST)) {
         if (!popped) {
@@ -4535,8 +4855,8 @@ compile_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int meth
     EXPECT_NODE("compile_hash", node, NODE_LIST, -1);
 
     if (popped) {
-        for (; node; node = node->nd_next) {
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "hash element", node->nd_head, popped));
+        for (; node; node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next) {
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "hash element", RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, popped));
         }
         return 1;
     }
@@ -4589,8 +4909,8 @@ compile_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int meth
         /* pre-allocation check (this branch can be omittable) */
         if (static_literal_node_pair_p(node, iseq)) {
             /* count the elements that are optimizable */
-            const NODE *node_tmp = node->nd_next->nd_next;
-            for (; node_tmp && static_literal_node_pair_p(node_tmp, iseq); node_tmp = node_tmp->nd_next->nd_next)
+            const NODE *node_tmp = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next;
+            for (; node_tmp && static_literal_node_pair_p(node_tmp, iseq); node_tmp = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node_tmp)->nd_next)->nd_next)
                 count++;
 
             if ((first_chunk && stack_len == 0 && !node_tmp) || count >= min_tmp_hash_len) {
@@ -4598,14 +4918,14 @@ compile_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int meth
                 VALUE ary = rb_ary_hidden_new(count);
 
                 /* Create a hidden hash */
-                for (; count; count--, node = node->nd_next->nd_next) {
+                for (; count; count--, node = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next) {
                     VALUE elem[2];
-                    elem[0] = static_literal_value(node->nd_head, iseq);
-                    elem[1] = static_literal_value(node->nd_next->nd_head, iseq);
+                    elem[0] = static_literal_value(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, iseq);
+                    elem[1] = static_literal_value(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_head, iseq);
                     rb_ary_cat(ary, elem, 2);
                 }
                 VALUE hash = rb_hash_new_with_size(RARRAY_LEN(ary) / 2);
-                rb_hash_bulk_insert(RARRAY_LEN(ary), RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary), hash);
+                rb_hash_bulk_insert(RARRAY_LEN(ary), RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary), hash);
                 hash = rb_obj_hide(hash);
                 OBJ_FREEZE(hash);
 
@@ -4628,16 +4948,16 @@ compile_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int meth
         }
 
         /* Base case: Compile "count" elements */
-        for (; count; count--, node = node->nd_next->nd_next) {
+        for (; count; count--, node = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next) {
 
             if (CPDEBUG > 0) {
                 EXPECT_NODE("compile_hash", node, NODE_LIST, -1);
             }
 
-            if (node->nd_head) {
+            if (RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head) {
                 /* Normal key-value pair */
-                NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(anchor, "hash key element", node->nd_head, 0));
-                NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(anchor, "hash value element", node->nd_next->nd_head, 0));
+                NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(anchor, "hash key element", RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head, 0));
+                NO_CHECK(COMPILE_(anchor, "hash value element", RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_head, 0));
                 stack_len += 2;
 
                 /* If there are many pushed elements, flush them to avoid stack overflow */
@@ -4647,10 +4967,10 @@ compile_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, int meth
                 /* kwsplat case: foo(..., **kw, ...) */
                 FLUSH_CHUNK();
 
-                const NODE *kw = node->nd_next->nd_head;
-                int empty_kw = nd_type_p(kw, NODE_LIT) && RB_TYPE_P(kw->nd_lit, T_HASH); /* foo(  ..., **{}, ...) */
+                const NODE *kw = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_head;
+                int empty_kw = nd_type_p(kw, NODE_LIT) && RB_TYPE_P(RNODE_LIT(kw)->nd_lit, T_HASH); /* foo(  ..., **{}, ...) */
                 int first_kw = first_chunk && stack_len == 0; /* foo(1,2,3, **kw, ...) */
-                int last_kw = !node->nd_next->nd_next;        /* foo(  ..., **kw) */
+                int last_kw = !RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next; /* foo(  ..., **kw) */
                 int only_kw = last_kw && first_kw;            /* foo(1,2,3, **kw) */
 
                 if (empty_kw) {
@@ -4713,7 +5033,7 @@ rb_node_case_when_optimizable_literal(const NODE *const node)
 {
     switch (nd_type(node)) {
       case NODE_LIT: {
-        VALUE v = node->nd_lit;
+        VALUE v = RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit;
         double ival;
         if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(v) &&
             modf(RFLOAT_VALUE(v), &ival) == 0.0) {
@@ -4734,7 +5054,7 @@ rb_node_case_when_optimizable_literal(const NODE *const node)
       case NODE_FALSE:
         return Qfalse;
       case NODE_STR:
-        return rb_fstring(node->nd_lit);
+        return rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(node)->nd_lit);
     }
     return Qundef;
 }
@@ -4744,10 +5064,10 @@ when_vals(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const cond_seq, const NODE *vals,
           LABEL *l1, int only_special_literals, VALUE literals)
 {
     while (vals) {
-        const NODE *val = vals->nd_head;
+        const NODE *val = RNODE_LIST(vals)->nd_head;
         VALUE lit = rb_node_case_when_optimizable_literal(val);
 
-        if (lit == Qundef) {
+        if (UNDEF_P(lit)) {
             only_special_literals = 0;
         }
         else if (NIL_P(rb_hash_lookup(literals, lit))) {
@@ -4755,8 +5075,8 @@ when_vals(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const cond_seq, const NODE *vals,
         }
 
         if (nd_type_p(val, NODE_STR)) {
-            debugp_param("nd_lit", val->nd_lit);
-            lit = rb_fstring(val->nd_lit);
+            debugp_param("nd_lit", RNODE_STR(val)->nd_lit);
+            lit = rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(val)->nd_lit);
             ADD_INSN1(cond_seq, val, putobject, lit);
             RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, lit);
         }
@@ -4764,11 +5084,11 @@ when_vals(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const cond_seq, const NODE *vals,
             if (!COMPILE(cond_seq, "when cond", val)) return -1;
         }
 
-        // Emit patern === target
+        // Emit pattern === target
         ADD_INSN1(cond_seq, vals, topn, INT2FIX(1));
         ADD_CALL(cond_seq, vals, idEqq, INT2FIX(1));
         ADD_INSNL(cond_seq, val, branchif, l1);
-        vals = vals->nd_next;
+        vals = RNODE_LIST(vals)->nd_next;
     }
     return only_special_literals;
 }
@@ -4786,19 +5106,19 @@ when_splat_vals(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const cond_seq, const NODE *vals,
         break;
       case NODE_SPLAT:
         ADD_INSN (cond_seq, line_node, dup);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(cond_seq, "when splat", vals->nd_head));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(cond_seq, "when splat", RNODE_SPLAT(vals)->nd_head));
         ADD_INSN1(cond_seq, line_node, splatarray, Qfalse);
         ADD_INSN1(cond_seq, line_node, checkmatch, INT2FIX(VM_CHECKMATCH_TYPE_CASE | VM_CHECKMATCH_ARRAY));
         ADD_INSNL(cond_seq, line_node, branchif, l1);
         break;
       case NODE_ARGSCAT:
-        CHECK(when_splat_vals(iseq, cond_seq, vals->nd_head, l1, only_special_literals, literals));
-        CHECK(when_splat_vals(iseq, cond_seq, vals->nd_body, l1, only_special_literals, literals));
+        CHECK(when_splat_vals(iseq, cond_seq, RNODE_ARGSCAT(vals)->nd_head, l1, only_special_literals, literals));
+        CHECK(when_splat_vals(iseq, cond_seq, RNODE_ARGSCAT(vals)->nd_body, l1, only_special_literals, literals));
         break;
       case NODE_ARGSPUSH:
-        CHECK(when_splat_vals(iseq, cond_seq, vals->nd_head, l1, only_special_literals, literals));
+        CHECK(when_splat_vals(iseq, cond_seq, RNODE_ARGSPUSH(vals)->nd_head, l1, only_special_literals, literals));
         ADD_INSN (cond_seq, line_node, dup);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(cond_seq, "when argspush body", vals->nd_body));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(cond_seq, "when argspush body", RNODE_ARGSPUSH(vals)->nd_body));
         ADD_INSN1(cond_seq, line_node, checkmatch, INT2FIX(VM_CHECKMATCH_TYPE_CASE));
         ADD_INSNL(cond_seq, line_node, branchif, l1);
         break;
@@ -5018,7 +5338,7 @@ compile_massign_lhs(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const pre, LINK_ANCHOR *const
         break;
       }
       case NODE_CDECL:
-        if (!node->nd_vid) {
+        if (!RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_vid) {
             /* Special handling only needed for expr::C, not for C */
             INSN *iobj;
 
@@ -5056,8 +5376,8 @@ static int
 compile_massign_opt_lhs(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *lhsn)
 {
     if (lhsn) {
-        CHECK(compile_massign_opt_lhs(iseq, ret, lhsn->nd_next));
-        CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, ret, ret, ret, ret, lhsn->nd_head, NULL, 0));
+        CHECK(compile_massign_opt_lhs(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(lhsn)->nd_next));
+        CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, ret, ret, ret, ret, RNODE_LIST(lhsn)->nd_head, NULL, 0));
     }
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
@@ -5087,31 +5407,29 @@ compile_massign_opt(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
     }
 
     while (lhsn) {
-        const NODE *ln = lhsn->nd_head;
+        const NODE *ln = RNODE_LIST(lhsn)->nd_head;
         switch (nd_type(ln)) {
           case NODE_LASGN:
-            MEMORY(ln->nd_vid);
-            break;
           case NODE_DASGN:
           case NODE_IASGN:
           case NODE_CVASGN:
-            MEMORY(ln->nd_vid);
+            MEMORY(get_nd_vid(ln));
             break;
           default:
             return 0;
         }
-        lhsn = lhsn->nd_next;
+        lhsn = RNODE_LIST(lhsn)->nd_next;
         llen++;
     }
 
     while (rhsn) {
         if (llen <= rlen) {
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "masgn val (popped)", rhsn->nd_head));
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "masgn val (popped)", RNODE_LIST(rhsn)->nd_head));
         }
         else {
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "masgn val", rhsn->nd_head));
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "masgn val", RNODE_LIST(rhsn)->nd_head));
         }
-        rhsn = rhsn->nd_next;
+        rhsn = RNODE_LIST(rhsn)->nd_next;
         rlen++;
     }
 
@@ -5128,32 +5446,31 @@ compile_massign_opt(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
 static int
 compile_massign0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const pre, LINK_ANCHOR *const rhs, LINK_ANCHOR *const lhs, LINK_ANCHOR *const post, const NODE *const node, struct masgn_state *state, int popped)
 {
-    const NODE *rhsn = node->nd_value;
-    const NODE *splatn = node->nd_args;
-    const NODE *lhsn = node->nd_head;
+    const NODE *rhsn = RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_value;
+    const NODE *splatn = RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_args;
+    const NODE *lhsn = RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_head;
     const NODE *lhsn_count = lhsn;
     int lhs_splat = (splatn && NODE_NAMED_REST_P(splatn)) ? 1 : 0;
 
     int llen = 0;
     int lpos = 0;
-    int expand = 1;
 
     while (lhsn_count) {
         llen++;
-        lhsn_count = lhsn_count->nd_next;
+        lhsn_count = RNODE_LIST(lhsn_count)->nd_next;
     }
     while (lhsn) {
-        CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, pre, rhs, lhs, post, lhsn->nd_head, state, (llen - lpos) + lhs_splat + state->lhs_level));
+        CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, pre, rhs, lhs, post, RNODE_LIST(lhsn)->nd_head, state, (llen - lpos) + lhs_splat + state->lhs_level));
         lpos++;
-        lhsn = lhsn->nd_next;
+        lhsn = RNODE_LIST(lhsn)->nd_next;
     }
 
     if (lhs_splat) {
         if (nd_type_p(splatn, NODE_POSTARG)) {
             /*a, b, *r, p1, p2 */
-            const NODE *postn = splatn->nd_2nd;
-            const NODE *restn = splatn->nd_1st;
-            int plen = (int)postn->nd_alen;
+            const NODE *postn = RNODE_POSTARG(splatn)->nd_2nd;
+            const NODE *restn = RNODE_POSTARG(splatn)->nd_1st;
+            int plen = (int)RNODE_LIST(postn)->as.nd_alen;
             int ppos = 0;
             int flag = 0x02 | (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(restn) ? 0x01 : 0x00);
 
@@ -5163,9 +5480,9 @@ compile_massign0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const pre, LINK_ANCHOR *const rhs
                 CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, pre, rhs, lhs, post, restn, state, 1 + plen + state->lhs_level));
             }
             while (postn) {
-                CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, pre, rhs, lhs, post, postn->nd_head, state, (plen - ppos) + state->lhs_level));
+                CHECK(compile_massign_lhs(iseq, pre, rhs, lhs, post, RNODE_LIST(postn)->nd_head, state, (plen - ppos) + state->lhs_level));
                 ppos++;
-                postn = postn->nd_next;
+                postn = RNODE_LIST(postn)->nd_next;
             }
         }
         else {
@@ -5174,7 +5491,6 @@ compile_massign0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const pre, LINK_ANCHOR *const rhs
         }
     }
 
-
     if (!state->nested) {
         NO_CHECK(COMPILE(rhs, "normal masgn rhs", rhsn));
     }
@@ -5182,16 +5498,14 @@ compile_massign0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const pre, LINK_ANCHOR *const rhs
     if (!popped) {
         ADD_INSN(rhs, node, dup);
     }
-    if (expand) {
-        ADD_INSN2(rhs, node, expandarray, INT2FIX(llen), INT2FIX(lhs_splat));
-    }
+    ADD_INSN2(rhs, node, expandarray, INT2FIX(llen), INT2FIX(lhs_splat));
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
 static int
 compile_massign(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped)
 {
-    if (!popped || node->nd_args || !compile_massign_opt(iseq, ret, node->nd_value, node->nd_head)) {
+    if (!popped || RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_args || !compile_massign_opt(iseq, ret, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_value, RNODE_MASGN(node)->nd_head)) {
         struct masgn_state state;
         state.lhs_level = popped ? 0 : 1;
         state.nested = 0;
@@ -5233,28 +5547,51 @@ compile_massign(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+collect_const_segments(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node)
+{
+    VALUE arr = rb_ary_new();
+    for (;;) {
+        switch (nd_type(node)) {
+          case NODE_CONST:
+            rb_ary_unshift(arr, ID2SYM(RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid));
+            return arr;
+          case NODE_COLON3:
+            rb_ary_unshift(arr, ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid));
+            rb_ary_unshift(arr, ID2SYM(idNULL));
+            return arr;
+          case NODE_COLON2:
+            rb_ary_unshift(arr, ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid));
+            node = RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_head;
+            break;
+          default:
+            return Qfalse;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 static int
 compile_const_prefix(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *const node,
                      LINK_ANCHOR *const pref, LINK_ANCHOR *const body)
 {
     switch (nd_type(node)) {
       case NODE_CONST:
-        debugi("compile_const_prefix - colon", node->nd_vid);
+        debugi("compile_const_prefix - colon", RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid);
         ADD_INSN1(body, node, putobject, Qtrue);
-        ADD_INSN1(body, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid));
+        ADD_INSN1(body, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid));
         break;
       case NODE_COLON3:
-        debugi("compile_const_prefix - colon3", node->nd_mid);
+        debugi("compile_const_prefix - colon3", RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid);
         ADD_INSN(body, node, pop);
         ADD_INSN1(body, node, putobject, rb_cObject);
         ADD_INSN1(body, node, putobject, Qtrue);
-        ADD_INSN1(body, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+        ADD_INSN1(body, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid));
         break;
       case NODE_COLON2:
-        CHECK(compile_const_prefix(iseq, node->nd_head, pref, body));
-        debugi("compile_const_prefix - colon2", node->nd_mid);
+        CHECK(compile_const_prefix(iseq, RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_head, pref, body));
+        debugi("compile_const_prefix - colon2", RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid);
         ADD_INSN1(body, node, putobject, Qfalse);
-        ADD_INSN1(body, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
+        ADD_INSN1(body, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid));
         break;
       default:
         CHECK(COMPILE(pref, "const colon2 prefix", node));
@@ -5271,9 +5608,9 @@ compile_cpath(LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *cpath)
         ADD_INSN1(ret, cpath, putobject, rb_cObject);
         return VM_DEFINECLASS_FLAG_SCOPED;
     }
-    else if (cpath->nd_head) {
+    else if (nd_type_p(cpath, NODE_COLON2) && RNODE_COLON2(cpath)->nd_head) {
         /* Bar::Foo */
-        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "nd_else->nd_head", cpath->nd_head));
+        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "nd_else->nd_head", RNODE_COLON2(cpath)->nd_head));
         return VM_DEFINECLASS_FLAG_SCOPED;
     }
     else {
@@ -5287,9 +5624,9 @@ compile_cpath(LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *cpath)
 static inline int
 private_recv_p(const NODE *node)
 {
-    if (nd_type_p(node->nd_recv, NODE_SELF)) {
-        NODE *self = node->nd_recv;
-        return self->nd_state != 0;
+    NODE *recv = get_nd_recv(node);
+    if (recv && nd_type_p(recv, NODE_SELF)) {
+        return RNODE_SELF(recv)->nd_state != 0;
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -5331,13 +5668,13 @@ defined_expr0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
         const NODE *vals = node;
 
         do {
-            defined_expr0(iseq, ret, vals->nd_head, lfinish, Qfalse, false);
+            defined_expr0(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(vals)->nd_head, lfinish, Qfalse, false);
 
             if (!lfinish[1]) {
                 lfinish[1] = NEW_LABEL(line);
             }
             ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, lfinish[1]);
-        } while ((vals = vals->nd_next) != NULL);
+        } while ((vals = RNODE_LIST(vals)->nd_next) != NULL);
       }
         /* fall through */
       case NODE_STR:
@@ -5357,49 +5694,48 @@ defined_expr0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
 
 #define PUSH_VAL(type) (needstr == Qfalse ? Qtrue : rb_iseq_defined_string(type))
       case NODE_IVAR:
-        ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
-        ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_IVAR),
-                  ID2SYM(node->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_IVAR));
+        ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, definedivar,
+                  ID2SYM(RNODE_IVAR(node)->nd_vid), get_ivar_ic_value(iseq,RNODE_IVAR(node)->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_IVAR));
         return;
 
       case NODE_GVAR:
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
         ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_GVAR),
-                  ID2SYM(node->nd_entry), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_GVAR));
+                  ID2SYM(RNODE_GVAR(node)->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_GVAR));
         return;
 
       case NODE_CVAR:
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
         ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_CVAR),
-                  ID2SYM(node->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CVAR));
+                  ID2SYM(RNODE_CVAR(node)->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CVAR));
         return;
 
       case NODE_CONST:
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
         ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_CONST),
-                  ID2SYM(node->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CONST));
+                  ID2SYM(RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CONST));
         return;
       case NODE_COLON2:
         if (!lfinish[1]) {
             lfinish[1] = NEW_LABEL(line);
         }
-        defined_expr0(iseq, ret, node->nd_head, lfinish, Qfalse, false);
+        defined_expr0(iseq, ret, RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_head, lfinish, Qfalse, false);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, lfinish[1]);
-        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "defined/colon2#nd_head", node->nd_head));
+        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "defined/colon2#nd_head", RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_head));
 
-        if (rb_is_const_id(node->nd_mid)) {
+        if (rb_is_const_id(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid)) {
             ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_CONST_FROM),
-                    ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CONST));
+                    ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CONST));
         }
         else {
             ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_METHOD),
-                    ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_METHOD));
+                    ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_METHOD));
         }
         return;
       case NODE_COLON3:
         ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, rb_cObject);
         ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined,
-                  INT2FIX(DEFINED_CONST_FROM), ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CONST));
+                  INT2FIX(DEFINED_CONST_FROM), ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_CONST));
         return;
 
         /* method dispatch */
@@ -5412,7 +5748,7 @@ defined_expr0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
             (type == NODE_CALL || type == NODE_OPCALL ||
              (type == NODE_ATTRASGN && !private_recv_p(node)));
 
-        if (node->nd_args || explicit_receiver) {
+        if (get_nd_args(node) || explicit_receiver) {
             if (!lfinish[1]) {
                 lfinish[1] = NEW_LABEL(line);
             }
@@ -5420,31 +5756,31 @@ defined_expr0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
                 lfinish[2] = NEW_LABEL(line);
             }
         }
-        if (node->nd_args) {
-            defined_expr0(iseq, ret, node->nd_args, lfinish, Qfalse, false);
+        if (get_nd_args(node)) {
+            defined_expr0(iseq, ret, get_nd_args(node), lfinish, Qfalse, false);
             ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, lfinish[1]);
         }
         if (explicit_receiver) {
-            defined_expr0(iseq, ret, node->nd_recv, lfinish, Qfalse, true);
-            switch (nd_type(node->nd_recv)) {
+            defined_expr0(iseq, ret, get_nd_recv(node), lfinish, Qfalse, true);
+            switch (nd_type(get_nd_recv(node))) {
               case NODE_CALL:
               case NODE_OPCALL:
               case NODE_VCALL:
               case NODE_FCALL:
               case NODE_ATTRASGN:
                 ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, lfinish[2]);
-                compile_call(iseq, ret, node->nd_recv, nd_type(node->nd_recv), line_node, 0, true);
+                compile_call(iseq, ret, get_nd_recv(node), nd_type(get_nd_recv(node)), line_node, 0, true);
                 break;
               default:
                 ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, lfinish[1]);
-                NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "defined/recv", node->nd_recv));
+                NO_CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "defined/recv", get_nd_recv(node)));
                 break;
             }
             if (keep_result) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
             }
             ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_METHOD),
-                      ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_METHOD));
+                      ID2SYM(get_node_call_nd_mid(node)), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_METHOD));
         }
         else {
             ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putself);
@@ -5452,7 +5788,7 @@ defined_expr0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
                 ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
             }
             ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_FUNC),
-                      ID2SYM(node->nd_mid), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_METHOD));
+                      ID2SYM(get_node_call_nd_mid(node)), PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_METHOD));
         }
         return;
       }
@@ -5467,7 +5803,7 @@ defined_expr0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret,
       case NODE_NTH_REF:
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
         ADD_INSN3(ret, line_node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_REF),
-                  INT2FIX((node->nd_nth << 1) | (type == NODE_BACK_REF)),
+                  INT2FIX((RNODE_BACK_REF(node)->nd_nth << 1) | (type == NODE_BACK_REF)),
                   PUSH_VAL(DEFINED_GVAR));
         return;
 
@@ -5543,7 +5879,7 @@ compile_defined_expr(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const
 {
     const int line = nd_line(node);
     const NODE *line_node = node;
-    if (!node->nd_head) {
+    if (!RNODE_DEFINED(node)->nd_head) {
         VALUE str = rb_iseq_defined_string(DEFINED_NIL);
         ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, str);
     }
@@ -5553,7 +5889,7 @@ compile_defined_expr(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const
         lfinish[0] = NEW_LABEL(line);
         lfinish[1] = 0;
         lfinish[2] = 0;
-        defined_expr(iseq, ret, node->nd_head, lfinish, needstr);
+        defined_expr(iseq, ret, RNODE_DEFINED(node)->nd_head, lfinish, needstr);
         if (lfinish[1]) {
             ELEM_INSERT_NEXT(last, &new_insn_body(iseq, line_node, BIN(putnil), 0)->link);
             ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, swap);
@@ -5594,7 +5930,7 @@ make_name_for_block(const rb_iseq_t *orig_iseq)
 static void
 push_ensure_entry(rb_iseq_t *iseq,
                   struct iseq_compile_data_ensure_node_stack *enl,
-                  struct ensure_range *er, const NODE *const node)
+                  struct ensure_range *er, const void *const node)
 {
     enl->ensure_node = node;
     enl->prev = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ensure_node_stack;	/* prev */
@@ -5670,79 +6006,138 @@ add_ensure_iseq(LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, rb_iseq_t *iseq, int is_return)
     ADD_SEQ(ret, ensure);
 }
 
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
 static int
 check_keyword(const NODE *node)
 {
     /* This check is essentially a code clone of compile_keyword_arg. */
 
     if (nd_type_p(node, NODE_LIST)) {
-        while (node->nd_next) {
-            node = node->nd_next;
+        while (RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next) {
+            node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next;
         }
-        node = node->nd_head;
+        node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head;
     }
 
     return keyword_node_p(node);
 }
+#endif
 
-static VALUE
+static bool
+keyword_node_single_splat_p(NODE *kwnode)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(keyword_node_p(kwnode));
+
+    NODE *node = RNODE_HASH(kwnode)->nd_head;
+    return RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head == NULL &&
+           RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next)->nd_next == NULL;
+}
+
+static int
 setup_args_core(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const args, const NODE *argn,
-                int dup_rest, unsigned int *flag, struct rb_callinfo_kwarg **keywords)
-{
-    if (argn) {
-        switch (nd_type(argn)) {
-          case NODE_SPLAT: {
-            NO_CHECK(COMPILE(args, "args (splat)", argn->nd_head));
-            ADD_INSN1(args, argn, splatarray, RBOOL(dup_rest));
-            if (flag) *flag |= VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT;
-            return INT2FIX(1);
-          }
-          case NODE_ARGSCAT:
-          case NODE_ARGSPUSH: {
-            int next_is_list = (nd_type_p(argn->nd_head, NODE_LIST));
-            VALUE argc = setup_args_core(iseq, args, argn->nd_head, 1, NULL, NULL);
-            if (nd_type_p(argn->nd_body, NODE_LIST)) {
-                /* This branch is needed to avoid "newarraykwsplat" [Bug #16442] */
-                int rest_len = compile_args(iseq, args, argn->nd_body, NULL, NULL);
-                ADD_INSN1(args, argn, newarray, INT2FIX(rest_len));
+                int dup_rest, unsigned int *flag_ptr, struct rb_callinfo_kwarg **kwarg_ptr)
+{
+    if (!argn) return 0;
+
+    NODE *kwnode = NULL;
+
+    switch (nd_type(argn)) {
+      case NODE_LIST: {
+        // f(x, y, z)
+        int len = compile_args(iseq, args, argn, &kwnode);
+        RUBY_ASSERT(flag_ptr == NULL || (*flag_ptr & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) == 0);
+
+        if (kwnode) {
+            if (compile_keyword_arg(iseq, args, kwnode, kwarg_ptr, flag_ptr)) {
+                len -= 1;
             }
             else {
-                NO_CHECK(COMPILE(args, "args (cat: splat)", argn->nd_body));
-            }
-            if (flag) {
-                *flag |= VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT;
-                /* This is a dirty hack.  It traverses the AST twice.
-                 * In a long term, it should be fixed by a redesign of keyword arguments */
-                if (check_keyword(argn->nd_body))
-                    *flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT;
+                compile_hash(iseq, args, kwnode, TRUE, FALSE);
             }
-            if (nd_type_p(argn, NODE_ARGSCAT)) {
-                if (next_is_list) {
-                    ADD_INSN1(args, argn, splatarray, Qtrue);
-                    return INT2FIX(FIX2INT(argc) + 1);
-                }
-                else {
-                    ADD_INSN1(args, argn, splatarray, Qfalse);
-                    ADD_INSN(args, argn, concatarray);
-                    return argc;
-                }
+        }
+
+        return len;
+      }
+      case NODE_SPLAT: {
+        // f(*a)
+        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(args, "args (splat)", RNODE_SPLAT(argn)->nd_head));
+        ADD_INSN1(args, argn, splatarray, RBOOL(dup_rest));
+        if (flag_ptr) *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT;
+        RUBY_ASSERT(flag_ptr == NULL || (*flag_ptr & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) == 0);
+        return 1;
+      }
+      case NODE_ARGSCAT: {
+        if (flag_ptr) *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT;
+        int argc = setup_args_core(iseq, args, RNODE_ARGSCAT(argn)->nd_head, 1, NULL, NULL);
+
+        if (nd_type_p(RNODE_ARGSCAT(argn)->nd_body, NODE_LIST)) {
+            int rest_len = compile_args(iseq, args, RNODE_ARGSCAT(argn)->nd_body, &kwnode);
+            if (kwnode) rest_len--;
+            ADD_INSN1(args, argn, newarray, INT2FIX(rest_len));
+        }
+        else {
+            RUBY_ASSERT(!check_keyword(RNODE_ARGSCAT(argn)->nd_body));
+            NO_CHECK(COMPILE(args, "args (cat: splat)", RNODE_ARGSCAT(argn)->nd_body));
+        }
+
+        if (nd_type_p(RNODE_ARGSCAT(argn)->nd_head, NODE_LIST)) {
+            ADD_INSN1(args, argn, splatarray, Qtrue);
+            argc += 1;
+        }
+        else {
+            ADD_INSN1(args, argn, splatarray, Qfalse);
+            ADD_INSN(args, argn, concatarray);
+        }
+
+        // f(..., *a, ..., k1:1, ...) #=> f(..., *[*a, ...], **{k1:1, ...})
+        if (kwnode) {
+            // kwsplat
+            *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT;
+            *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT;
+            compile_hash(iseq, args, kwnode, TRUE, FALSE);
+            argc += 1;
+        }
+
+        return argc;
+      }
+      case NODE_ARGSPUSH: {
+        if (flag_ptr) *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT;
+        int argc = setup_args_core(iseq, args, RNODE_ARGSPUSH(argn)->nd_head, 1, NULL, NULL);
+
+        if (nd_type_p(RNODE_ARGSPUSH(argn)->nd_body, NODE_LIST)) {
+            int rest_len = compile_args(iseq, args, RNODE_ARGSPUSH(argn)->nd_body, &kwnode);
+            if (kwnode) rest_len--;
+            ADD_INSN1(args, argn, newarray, INT2FIX(rest_len));
+            ADD_INSN1(args, argn, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
+            ADD_INSN(args, argn, concatarray);
+        }
+        else {
+            if (keyword_node_p(RNODE_ARGSPUSH(argn)->nd_body)) {
+                kwnode = RNODE_ARGSPUSH(argn)->nd_body;
             }
             else {
+                NO_CHECK(COMPILE(args, "args (cat: splat)", RNODE_ARGSPUSH(argn)->nd_body));
                 ADD_INSN1(args, argn, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
                 ADD_INSN(args, argn, concatarray);
-                return argc;
             }
-          }
-          case NODE_LIST: {
-            int len = compile_args(iseq, args, argn, keywords, flag);
-            return INT2FIX(len);
-          }
-          default: {
-            UNKNOWN_NODE("setup_arg", argn, Qnil);
-          }
         }
+
+        if (kwnode) {
+            // f(*a, k:1)
+            *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT;
+            if (!keyword_node_single_splat_p(kwnode)) {
+                *flag_ptr |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT;
+            }
+            compile_hash(iseq, args, kwnode, TRUE, FALSE);
+            argc += 1;
+        }
+
+        return argc;
+      }
+      default: {
+        UNKNOWN_NODE("setup_arg", argn, Qnil);
+      }
     }
-    return INT2FIX(0);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5754,7 +6149,7 @@ setup_args(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const args, const NODE *argn,
         unsigned int dup_rest = 1;
         DECL_ANCHOR(arg_block);
         INIT_ANCHOR(arg_block);
-        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(arg_block, "block", argn->nd_body));
+        NO_CHECK(COMPILE(arg_block, "block", RNODE_BLOCK_PASS(argn)->nd_body));
 
         *flag |= VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG;
 
@@ -5768,11 +6163,11 @@ setup_args(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const args, const NODE *argn,
                 dup_rest = 0;
             }
         }
-        ret = setup_args_core(iseq, args, argn->nd_head, dup_rest, flag, keywords);
+        ret = INT2FIX(setup_args_core(iseq, args, RNODE_BLOCK_PASS(argn)->nd_head, dup_rest, flag, keywords));
         ADD_SEQ(args, arg_block);
     }
     else {
-        ret = setup_args_core(iseq, args, argn, 0, flag, keywords);
+        ret = INT2FIX(setup_args_core(iseq, args, argn, 0, flag, keywords));
     }
     return ret;
 }
@@ -5808,19 +6203,19 @@ compile_named_capture_assign(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE
     ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
     ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, fail_label);
 
-    for (vars = node; vars; vars = vars->nd_next) {
+    for (vars = node; vars; vars = RNODE_BLOCK(vars)->nd_next) {
         INSN *cap;
-        if (vars->nd_next) {
+        if (RNODE_BLOCK(vars)->nd_next) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
         }
         last = ret->last;
-        NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "capture", vars->nd_head));
+        NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "capture", RNODE_BLOCK(vars)->nd_head));
         last = last->next; /* putobject :var */
         cap = new_insn_send(iseq, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(1),
                             NULL, INT2FIX(0), NULL);
         ELEM_INSERT_PREV(last->next, (LINK_ELEMENT *)cap);
 #if !defined(NAMED_CAPTURE_SINGLE_OPT) || NAMED_CAPTURE_SINGLE_OPT-0
-        if (!vars->nd_next && vars == node) {
+        if (!RNODE_BLOCK(vars)->nd_next && vars == node) {
             /* only one name */
             DECL_ANCHOR(nom);
 
@@ -5841,9 +6236,9 @@ compile_named_capture_assign(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE
     ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, end_label);
     ADD_LABEL(ret, fail_label);
     ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, pop);
-    for (vars = node; vars; vars = vars->nd_next) {
+    for (vars = node; vars; vars = RNODE_BLOCK(vars)->nd_next) {
         last = ret->last;
-        NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "capture", vars->nd_head));
+        NO_CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "capture", RNODE_BLOCK(vars)->nd_head));
         last = last->next; /* putobject :var */
         ((INSN*)last)->insn_id = BIN(putnil);
         ((INSN*)last)->operand_size = 0;
@@ -5857,7 +6252,7 @@ optimizable_range_item_p(const NODE *n)
     if (!n) return FALSE;
     switch (nd_type(n)) {
       case NODE_LIT:
-        return RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(n->nd_lit);
+        return RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(RNODE_LIT(n)->nd_lit);
       case NODE_NIL:
         return TRUE;
       default:
@@ -5868,53 +6263,21 @@ optimizable_range_item_p(const NODE *n)
 static int
 compile_if(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped, const enum node_type type)
 {
-    struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
-    const NODE *const node_body = type == NODE_IF ? node->nd_body : node->nd_else;
-    const NODE *const node_else = type == NODE_IF ? node->nd_else : node->nd_body;
+    const NODE *const node_body = type == NODE_IF ? RNODE_IF(node)->nd_body : RNODE_UNLESS(node)->nd_else;
+    const NODE *const node_else = type == NODE_IF ? RNODE_IF(node)->nd_else : RNODE_UNLESS(node)->nd_body;
 
     const int line = nd_line(node);
     const NODE *line_node = node;
     DECL_ANCHOR(cond_seq);
-    DECL_ANCHOR(then_seq);
-    DECL_ANCHOR(else_seq);
     LABEL *then_label, *else_label, *end_label;
     VALUE branches = Qfalse;
-    int ci_size;
-    VALUE catch_table = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary;
-    long catch_table_size = NIL_P(catch_table) ? 0 : RARRAY_LEN(catch_table);
 
     INIT_ANCHOR(cond_seq);
-    INIT_ANCHOR(then_seq);
-    INIT_ANCHOR(else_seq);
     then_label = NEW_LABEL(line);
     else_label = NEW_LABEL(line);
     end_label = 0;
 
-    compile_branch_condition(iseq, cond_seq, node->nd_cond,
-                             then_label, else_label);
-
-    ci_size = body->ci_size;
-    CHECK(COMPILE_(then_seq, "then", node_body, popped));
-    catch_table = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary;
-    if (!then_label->refcnt) {
-        body->ci_size = ci_size;
-        if (!NIL_P(catch_table)) rb_ary_set_len(catch_table, catch_table_size);
-    }
-    else {
-        if (!NIL_P(catch_table)) catch_table_size = RARRAY_LEN(catch_table);
-    }
-
-    ci_size = body->ci_size;
-    CHECK(COMPILE_(else_seq, "else", node_else, popped));
-    catch_table = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->catch_table_ary;
-    if (!else_label->refcnt) {
-        body->ci_size = ci_size;
-        if (!NIL_P(catch_table)) rb_ary_set_len(catch_table, catch_table_size);
-    }
-    else {
-        if (!NIL_P(catch_table)) catch_table_size = RARRAY_LEN(catch_table);
-    }
-
+    compile_branch_condition(iseq, cond_seq, RNODE_IF(node)->nd_cond, then_label, else_label);
     ADD_SEQ(ret, cond_seq);
 
     if (then_label->refcnt && else_label->refcnt) {
@@ -5923,6 +6286,11 @@ compile_if(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int
 
     if (then_label->refcnt) {
         ADD_LABEL(ret, then_label);
+
+        DECL_ANCHOR(then_seq);
+        INIT_ANCHOR(then_seq);
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(then_seq, "then", node_body, popped));
+
         if (else_label->refcnt) {
             add_trace_branch_coverage(
                 iseq,
@@ -5942,6 +6310,11 @@ compile_if(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int
 
     if (else_label->refcnt) {
         ADD_LABEL(ret, else_label);
+
+        DECL_ANCHOR(else_seq);
+        INIT_ANCHOR(else_seq);
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(else_seq, "else", node_else, popped));
+
         if (then_label->refcnt) {
             add_trace_branch_coverage(
                 iseq,
@@ -5984,11 +6357,11 @@ compile_case(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_nod
 
     RHASH_TBL_RAW(literals)->type = &cdhash_type;
 
-    CHECK(COMPILE(head, "case base", node->nd_head));
+    CHECK(COMPILE(head, "case base", RNODE_CASE(node)->nd_head));
 
     branches = decl_branch_base(iseq, node, "case");
 
-    node = node->nd_body;
+    node = RNODE_CASE(node)->nd_body;
     EXPECT_NODE("NODE_CASE", node, NODE_WHEN, COMPILE_NG);
     type = nd_type(node);
     line = nd_line(node);
@@ -6008,14 +6381,14 @@ compile_case(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_nod
         add_trace_branch_coverage(
                 iseq,
                 body_seq,
-                node->nd_body ? node->nd_body : node,
+                RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body ? RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body : node,
                 branch_id++,
                 "when",
                 branches);
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(body_seq, "when body", node->nd_body, popped));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(body_seq, "when body", RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body, popped));
         ADD_INSNL(body_seq, line_node, jump, endlabel);
 
-        vals = node->nd_head;
+        vals = RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_head;
         if (vals) {
             switch (nd_type(vals)) {
               case NODE_LIST:
@@ -6036,7 +6409,7 @@ compile_case(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_nod
             EXPECT_NODE_NONULL("NODE_CASE", node, NODE_LIST, COMPILE_NG);
         }
 
-        node = node->nd_next;
+        node = RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_next;
         if (!node) {
             break;
         }
@@ -6081,7 +6454,7 @@ compile_case2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
 {
     const NODE *vals;
     const NODE *val;
-    const NODE *node = orig_node->nd_body;
+    const NODE *node = RNODE_CASE2(orig_node)->nd_body;
     LABEL *endlabel;
     DECL_ANCHOR(body_seq);
     VALUE branches = Qfalse;
@@ -6099,14 +6472,14 @@ compile_case2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
         add_trace_branch_coverage(
                 iseq,
                 body_seq,
-                node->nd_body ? node->nd_body : node,
+                RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body ? RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body : node,
                 branch_id++,
                 "when",
                 branches);
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(body_seq, "when", node->nd_body, popped));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(body_seq, "when", RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_body, popped));
         ADD_INSNL(body_seq, node, jump, endlabel);
 
-        vals = node->nd_head;
+        vals = RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_head;
         if (!vals) {
             EXPECT_NODE_NONULL("NODE_WHEN", node, NODE_LIST, COMPILE_NG);
         }
@@ -6114,12 +6487,12 @@ compile_case2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
           case NODE_LIST:
             while (vals) {
                 LABEL *lnext;
-                val = vals->nd_head;
+                val = RNODE_LIST(vals)->nd_head;
                 lnext = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(val));
                 debug_compile("== when2\n", (void)0);
                 CHECK(compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, val, l1, lnext));
                 ADD_LABEL(ret, lnext);
-                vals = vals->nd_next;
+                vals = RNODE_LIST(vals)->nd_next;
             }
             break;
           case NODE_SPLAT:
@@ -6133,7 +6506,7 @@ compile_case2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
           default:
             UNKNOWN_NODE("NODE_WHEN", vals, COMPILE_NG);
         }
-        node = node->nd_next;
+        node = RNODE_WHEN(node)->nd_next;
     }
     /* else */
     add_trace_branch_coverage(
@@ -6225,14 +6598,13 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
          * match_failed:
          *   goto unmatched
          */
-        struct rb_ary_pattern_info *apinfo = node->nd_apinfo;
-        const NODE *args = apinfo->pre_args;
-        const int pre_args_num = apinfo->pre_args ? rb_long2int(apinfo->pre_args->nd_alen) : 0;
-        const int post_args_num = apinfo->post_args ? rb_long2int(apinfo->post_args->nd_alen) : 0;
+        const NODE *args = RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->pre_args;
+        const int pre_args_num = RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->pre_args ? rb_long2int(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->pre_args)->as.nd_alen) : 0;
+        const int post_args_num = RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->post_args ? rb_long2int(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->post_args)->as.nd_alen) : 0;
 
         const int min_argc = pre_args_num + post_args_num;
-        const int use_rest_num = apinfo->rest_arg && (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(apinfo->rest_arg) ||
-                                                      (!NODE_NAMED_REST_P(apinfo->rest_arg) && post_args_num > 0));
+        const int use_rest_num = RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg && (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg) ||
+                                                      (!NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg) && post_args_num > 0));
 
         LABEL *match_failed, *type_error, *deconstruct, *deconstructed;
         int i;
@@ -6256,10 +6628,10 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
         ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idLength, INT2FIX(0));
         ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, INT2FIX(min_argc));
-        ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, apinfo->rest_arg ? idGE : idEq, INT2FIX(1)); // (1)
+        ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg ? idGE : idEq, INT2FIX(1)); // (1)
         if (in_single_pattern) {
             CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_set_length_errmsg(iseq, ret, node,
-                                                         apinfo->rest_arg ? rb_fstring_lit("%p length mismatch (given %p, expected %p+)") :
+                                                         RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg ? rb_fstring_lit("%p length mismatch (given %p, expected %p+)") :
                                                                             rb_fstring_lit("%p length mismatch (given %p, expected %p)"),
                                                          INT2FIX(min_argc), base_index + 1 /* (1) */));
         }
@@ -6269,12 +6641,12 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
             ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
             ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, INT2FIX(i));
             ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(1)); // (2)
-            CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, args->nd_head, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (2) */, false));
-            args = args->nd_next;
+            CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_head, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (2) */, false));
+            args = RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_next;
         }
 
-        if (apinfo->rest_arg) {
-            if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(apinfo->rest_arg)) {
+        if (RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg) {
+            if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg)) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, INT2FIX(pre_args_num));
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, topn, INT2FIX(1));
@@ -6284,7 +6656,7 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, setn, INT2FIX(4));
                 ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(2)); // (3)
 
-                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, apinfo->rest_arg, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (3) */, false));
+                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->rest_arg, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (3) */, false));
             }
             else {
                 if (post_args_num > 0) {
@@ -6298,7 +6670,7 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
             }
         }
 
-        args = apinfo->post_args;
+        args = RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->post_args;
         for (i = 0; i < post_args_num; i++) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
 
@@ -6307,8 +6679,8 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
             ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idPLUS, INT2FIX(1));
 
             ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(1)); // (4)
-            CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, args->nd_head, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (4) */, false));
-            args = args->nd_next;
+            CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_head, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (4) */, false));
+            args = RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_next;
         }
 
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, pop);
@@ -6386,9 +6758,8 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
          * match_failed:
          *   goto unmatched
          */
-        struct rb_fnd_pattern_info *fpinfo = node->nd_fpinfo;
-        const NODE *args = fpinfo->args;
-        const int args_num = fpinfo->args ? rb_long2int(fpinfo->args->nd_alen) : 0;
+        const NODE *args = RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->args;
+        const int args_num = RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->args ? rb_long2int(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->args)->as.nd_alen) : 0;
 
         LABEL *match_failed, *type_error, *deconstruct, *deconstructed;
         match_failed = NEW_LABEL(line);
@@ -6441,25 +6812,25 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
                 }
                 ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(1)); // (5)
 
-                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, args->nd_head, next_loop, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 4 /* (2), (3), (4), (5) */, false));
-                args = args->nd_next;
+                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_head, next_loop, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 4 /* (2), (3), (4), (5) */, false));
+                args = RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_next;
             }
 
-            if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(fpinfo->pre_rest_arg)) {
+            if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->pre_rest_arg)) {
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, topn, INT2FIX(3));
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, INT2FIX(0));
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, topn, INT2FIX(2));
                 ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(2)); // (6)
-                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, fpinfo->pre_rest_arg, find_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 4 /* (2), (3), (4), (6) */, false));
+                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->pre_rest_arg, find_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 4 /* (2), (3), (4), (6) */, false));
             }
-            if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(fpinfo->post_rest_arg)) {
+            if (NODE_NAMED_REST_P(RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->post_rest_arg)) {
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, topn, INT2FIX(3));
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, topn, INT2FIX(1));
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, INT2FIX(args_num));
                 ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idPLUS, INT2FIX(1));
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, topn, INT2FIX(3));
                 ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idAREF, INT2FIX(2)); // (7)
-                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, fpinfo->post_rest_arg, find_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 4 /* (2), (3),(4), (7) */, false));
+                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_FNDPTN(node)->post_rest_arg, find_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 4 /* (2), (3),(4), (7) */, false));
             }
             ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, find_succeeded);
 
@@ -6573,12 +6944,12 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
         match_failed = NEW_LABEL(line);
         type_error = NEW_LABEL(line);
 
-        if (node->nd_pkwargs && !node->nd_pkwrestarg) {
-            const NODE *kw_args = node->nd_pkwargs->nd_head;
-            keys = rb_ary_new_capa(kw_args ? kw_args->nd_alen/2 : 0);
+        if (RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwargs && !RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg) {
+            const NODE *kw_args = RNODE_HASH(RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwargs)->nd_head;
+            keys = rb_ary_new_capa(kw_args ? RNODE_LIST(kw_args)->as.nd_alen/2 : 0);
             while (kw_args) {
-                rb_ary_push(keys, kw_args->nd_head->nd_lit);
-                kw_args = kw_args->nd_next->nd_next;
+                rb_ary_push(keys, RNODE_LIT(RNODE_LIST(kw_args)->nd_head)->nd_lit);
+                kw_args = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(kw_args)->nd_next)->nd_next;
             }
         }
 
@@ -6605,28 +6976,28 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
         ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, checktype, INT2FIX(T_HASH));
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, type_error);
 
-        if (node->nd_pkwrestarg) {
+        if (RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg) {
             ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, rb_intern("dup"), INT2FIX(0));
         }
 
-        if (node->nd_pkwargs) {
+        if (RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwargs) {
             int i;
             int keys_num;
             const NODE *args;
-            args = node->nd_pkwargs->nd_head;
+            args = RNODE_HASH(RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwargs)->nd_head;
             if (args) {
                 DECL_ANCHOR(match_values);
                 INIT_ANCHOR(match_values);
-                keys_num = rb_long2int(args->nd_alen) / 2;
+                keys_num = rb_long2int(RNODE_LIST(args)->as.nd_alen) / 2;
                 for (i = 0; i < keys_num; i++) {
-                    NODE *key_node = args->nd_head;
-                    NODE *value_node = args->nd_next->nd_head;
+                    NODE *key_node = RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_head;
+                    NODE *value_node = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_next)->nd_head;
                     VALUE key;
 
                     if (!nd_type_p(key_node, NODE_LIT)) {
                         UNKNOWN_NODE("NODE_IN", key_node, COMPILE_NG);
                     }
-                    key = key_node->nd_lit;
+                    key = RNODE_LIT(key_node)->nd_lit;
 
                     ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
                     ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, putobject, key);
@@ -6655,9 +7026,9 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
 
                     ADD_INSN(match_values, line_node, dup);
                     ADD_INSN1(match_values, line_node, putobject, key);
-                    ADD_SEND(match_values, line_node, node->nd_pkwrestarg ? rb_intern("delete") : idAREF, INT2FIX(1)); // (8)
+                    ADD_SEND(match_values, line_node, RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg ? rb_intern("delete") : idAREF, INT2FIX(1)); // (8)
                     CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, match_values, value_node, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (8) */, false));
-                    args = args->nd_next->nd_next;
+                    args = RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(args)->nd_next)->nd_next;
                 }
                 ADD_SEQ(ret, match_values);
             }
@@ -6671,8 +7042,8 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
             ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchunless, match_failed);
         }
 
-        if (node->nd_pkwrestarg) {
-            if (node->nd_pkwrestarg == NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD) {
+        if (RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg) {
+            if (RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg == NODE_SPECIAL_NO_REST_KEYWORD) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup);
                 ADD_SEND(ret, line_node, idEmptyP, INT2FIX(0)); // (10)
                 if (in_single_pattern) {
@@ -6682,7 +7053,7 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
             }
             else {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup); // (11)
-                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, node->nd_pkwrestarg, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (11) */, false));
+                CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_HSHPTN(node)->nd_pkwrestarg, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (11) */, false));
             }
         }
 
@@ -6739,7 +7110,7 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
         break;
       case NODE_LASGN: {
         struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
-        ID id = node->nd_vid;
+        ID id = RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_vid;
         int idx = ISEQ_BODY(body->local_iseq)->local_table_size - get_local_var_idx(iseq, id);
 
         if (in_alt_pattern) {
@@ -6757,7 +7128,7 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
       }
       case NODE_DASGN: {
         int idx, lv, ls;
-        ID id = node->nd_vid;
+        ID id = RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_vid;
 
         idx = get_dyna_var_idx(iseq, id, &lv, &ls);
 
@@ -6783,8 +7154,8 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
       case NODE_UNLESS: {
         LABEL *match_failed;
         match_failed = unmatched;
-        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, node->nd_body, unmatched, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index, use_deconstructed_cache));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "case in if", node->nd_cond));
+        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_IF(node)->nd_body, unmatched, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index, use_deconstructed_cache));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "case in if", RNODE_IF(node)->nd_cond));
         if (in_single_pattern) {
             LABEL *match_succeeded;
             match_succeeded = NEW_LABEL(line);
@@ -6821,15 +7192,15 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
         LABEL *match_failed;
         match_failed = NEW_LABEL(line);
 
-        n = node->nd_head;
-        if (! (nd_type_p(n, NODE_LIST) && n->nd_alen == 2)) {
+        n = RNODE_HASH(node)->nd_head;
+        if (! (nd_type_p(n, NODE_LIST) && RNODE_LIST(n)->as.nd_alen == 2)) {
             COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "unexpected node");
             return COMPILE_NG;
         }
 
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup); // (1)
-        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, n->nd_head, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (1) */, use_deconstructed_cache));
-        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_each(iseq, ret, n->nd_next->nd_head, matched, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index, false));
+        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_match(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(n)->nd_head, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index + 1 /* (1) */, use_deconstructed_cache));
+        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_each(iseq, ret, RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(n)->nd_next)->nd_head, matched, match_failed, in_single_pattern, in_alt_pattern, base_index, false));
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
 
         ADD_LABEL(ret, match_failed);
@@ -6843,13 +7214,13 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_each(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *c
         fin = NEW_LABEL(line);
 
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup); // (1)
-        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_each(iseq, ret, node->nd_1st, match_succeeded, fin, in_single_pattern, true, base_index + 1 /* (1) */, use_deconstructed_cache));
+        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_each(iseq, ret, RNODE_OR(node)->nd_1st, match_succeeded, fin, in_single_pattern, true, base_index + 1 /* (1) */, use_deconstructed_cache));
         ADD_LABEL(ret, match_succeeded);
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, pop);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, matched);
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
         ADD_LABEL(ret, fin);
-        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_each(iseq, ret, node->nd_2nd, matched, unmatched, in_single_pattern, true, base_index, use_deconstructed_cache));
+        CHECK(iseq_compile_pattern_each(iseq, ret, RNODE_OR(node)->nd_2nd, matched, unmatched, in_single_pattern, true, base_index, use_deconstructed_cache));
         break;
       }
       default:
@@ -6872,9 +7243,9 @@ iseq_compile_pattern_constant(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NOD
 {
     const NODE *line_node = node;
 
-    if (node->nd_pconst) {
+    if (RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->nd_pconst) {
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, dup); // (1)
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "constant", node->nd_pconst)); // (2)
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "constant", RNODE_ARYPTN(node)->nd_pconst)); // (2)
         if (in_single_pattern) {
             ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, dupn, INT2FIX(2));
         }
@@ -7077,12 +7448,12 @@ compile_case3(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
 
     branches = decl_branch_base(iseq, node, "case");
 
-    node = node->nd_body;
+    node = RNODE_CASE3(node)->nd_body;
     EXPECT_NODE("NODE_CASE3", node, NODE_IN, COMPILE_NG);
     type = nd_type(node);
     line = nd_line(node);
     line_node = node;
-    single_pattern = !node->nd_next;
+    single_pattern = !RNODE_IN(node)->nd_next;
 
     endlabel = NEW_LABEL(line);
     elselabel = NEW_LABEL(line);
@@ -7096,7 +7467,7 @@ compile_case3(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
     }
     ADD_INSN(head, line_node, putnil); /* allocate stack for cached #deconstruct value */
 
-    CHECK(COMPILE(head, "case base", orig_node->nd_head));
+    CHECK(COMPILE(head, "case base", RNODE_CASE3(orig_node)->nd_head));
 
     ADD_SEQ(ret, head);	/* case VAL */
 
@@ -7112,14 +7483,14 @@ compile_case3(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
         add_trace_branch_coverage(
             iseq,
             body_seq,
-            node->nd_body ? node->nd_body : node,
+            RNODE_IN(node)->nd_body ? RNODE_IN(node)->nd_body : node,
             branch_id++,
             "in",
             branches);
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(body_seq, "in body", node->nd_body, popped));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(body_seq, "in body", RNODE_IN(node)->nd_body, popped));
         ADD_INSNL(body_seq, line_node, jump, endlabel);
 
-        pattern = node->nd_head;
+        pattern = RNODE_IN(node)->nd_head;
         if (pattern) {
             int pat_line = nd_line(pattern);
             LABEL *next_pat = NEW_LABEL(pat_line);
@@ -7134,7 +7505,7 @@ compile_case3(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
             return COMPILE_NG;
         }
 
-        node = node->nd_next;
+        node = RNODE_IN(node)->nd_next;
         if (!node) {
             break;
         }
@@ -7176,6 +7547,7 @@ compile_case3(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const orig_no
             fin = NEW_LABEL(line);
 
             kw_arg = rb_xmalloc_mul_add(2, sizeof(VALUE), sizeof(struct rb_callinfo_kwarg));
+            kw_arg->references = 0;
             kw_arg->keyword_len = 2;
             kw_arg->keywords[0] = ID2SYM(rb_intern("matchee"));
             kw_arg->keywords[1] = ID2SYM(rb_intern("key"));
@@ -7259,7 +7631,7 @@ compile_loop(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, in
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->loopval_popped = 0;
     push_ensure_entry(iseq, &enl, NULL, NULL);
 
-    if (node->nd_state == 1) {
+    if (RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_state == 1) {
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, next_label);
     }
     else {
@@ -7278,27 +7650,27 @@ compile_loop(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, in
     add_trace_branch_coverage(
         iseq,
         ret,
-        node->nd_body ? node->nd_body : node,
+        RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_body ? RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_body : node,
         0,
         "body",
         branches);
-    CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "while body", node->nd_body));
+    CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "while body", RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_body));
     ADD_LABEL(ret, next_label);	/* next */
 
     if (type == NODE_WHILE) {
-        compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, node->nd_cond,
+        compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_cond,
                                  redo_label, end_label);
     }
     else {
         /* until */
-        compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, node->nd_cond,
+        compile_branch_condition(iseq, ret, RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_cond,
                                  end_label, redo_label);
     }
 
     ADD_LABEL(ret, end_label);
     ADD_ADJUST_RESTORE(ret, adjust_label);
 
-    if (node->nd_state == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(RNODE_WHILE(node)->nd_state)) {
         /* ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putundef); */
         COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "unsupported: putundef");
         return COMPILE_NG;
@@ -7340,20 +7712,43 @@ compile_iter(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, in
 
     ADD_LABEL(ret, retry_label);
     if (nd_type_p(node, NODE_FOR)) {
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "iter caller (for)", node->nd_iter));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "iter caller (for)", RNODE_FOR(node)->nd_iter));
 
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->current_block = child_iseq =
-            NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq),
+            NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_FOR(node)->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq),
                            ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK, line);
         ADD_SEND_WITH_BLOCK(ret, line_node, idEach, INT2FIX(0), child_iseq);
     }
     else {
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->current_block = child_iseq =
-            NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq),
+            NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_ITER(node)->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq),
                            ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK, line);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "iter caller", node->nd_iter));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "iter caller", RNODE_ITER(node)->nd_iter));
+    }
+
+    {
+        // We need to put the label "retry_end_l" immediately after the last "send" instruction.
+        // This because vm_throw checks if the break cont is equal to the index of next insn of the "send".
+        // (Otherwise, it is considered "break from proc-closure". See "TAG_BREAK" handling in "vm_throw_start".)
+        //
+        // Normally, "send" instruction is at the last.
+        // However, qcall under branch coverage measurement adds some instructions after the "send".
+        //
+        // Note that "invokesuper" appears instead of "send".
+        INSN *iobj;
+        LINK_ELEMENT *last_elem = LAST_ELEMENT(ret);
+        iobj = IS_INSN(last_elem) ? (INSN*) last_elem : (INSN*) get_prev_insn((INSN*) last_elem);
+        while (INSN_OF(iobj) != BIN(send) && INSN_OF(iobj) != BIN(invokesuper)) {
+            iobj = (INSN*) get_prev_insn(iobj);
+        }
+        ELEM_INSERT_NEXT(&iobj->link, (LINK_ELEMENT*) retry_end_l);
+
+        // LINK_ANCHOR has a pointer to the last element, but ELEM_INSERT_NEXT does not update it
+        // even if we add an insn to the last of LINK_ANCHOR. So this updates it manually.
+        if (&iobj->link == LAST_ELEMENT(ret)) {
+            ret->last = (LINK_ELEMENT*) retry_end_l;
+        }
     }
-    ADD_LABEL(ret, retry_end_l);
 
     if (popped) {
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, pop);
@@ -7372,7 +7767,7 @@ compile_for_masgn(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const nod
      * (args.length == 1 && Array.try_convert(args[0])) || args
      */
     const NODE *line_node = node;
-    const NODE *var = node->nd_var;
+    const NODE *var = RNODE_FOR_MASGN(node)->nd_var;
     LABEL *not_single = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(var));
     LABEL *not_ary = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(var));
     CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "for var", var));
@@ -7407,7 +7802,7 @@ compile_break(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
         LABEL *splabel = NEW_LABEL(0);
         ADD_LABEL(ret, splabel);
         ADD_ADJUST(ret, line_node, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->redo_label);
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "break val (while/until)", node->nd_stts,
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "break val (while/until)", RNODE_BREAK(node)->nd_stts,
                        ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->loopval_popped));
         add_ensure_iseq(ret, iseq, 0);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->end_label);
@@ -7442,7 +7837,7 @@ compile_break(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
             }
 
             /* escape from block */
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "break val (block)", node->nd_stts));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "break val (block)", RNODE_BREAK(node)->nd_stts));
             ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, throw, INT2FIX(throw_flag | TAG_BREAK));
             if (popped) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, pop);
@@ -7465,7 +7860,7 @@ compile_next(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, in
         LABEL *splabel = NEW_LABEL(0);
         debugs("next in while loop\n");
         ADD_LABEL(ret, splabel);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "next val/valid syntax?", node->nd_stts));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "next val/valid syntax?", RNODE_NEXT(node)->nd_stts));
         add_ensure_iseq(ret, iseq, 0);
         ADD_ADJUST(ret, line_node, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->redo_label);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->start_label);
@@ -7479,7 +7874,7 @@ compile_next(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, in
         debugs("next in block\n");
         ADD_LABEL(ret, splabel);
         ADD_ADJUST(ret, line_node, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->start_label);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "next val", node->nd_stts));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "next val", RNODE_NEXT(node)->nd_stts));
         add_ensure_iseq(ret, iseq, 0);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->end_label);
         ADD_ADJUST_RESTORE(ret, splabel);
@@ -7514,7 +7909,7 @@ compile_next(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, in
             ip = ISEQ_BODY(ip)->parent_iseq;
         }
         if (ip != 0) {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "next val", node->nd_stts));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "next val", RNODE_NEXT(node)->nd_stts));
             ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, throw, INT2FIX(throw_flag | TAG_NEXT));
 
             if (popped) {
@@ -7626,7 +8021,7 @@ compile_rescue(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
     LABEL *lstart = NEW_LABEL(line);
     LABEL *lend = NEW_LABEL(line);
     LABEL *lcont = NEW_LABEL(line);
-    const rb_iseq_t *rescue = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_resq,
+    const rb_iseq_t *rescue = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_resq,
                                              rb_str_concat(rb_str_new2("rescue in "),
                                                            ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.label),
                                              ISEQ_TYPE_RESCUE, line);
@@ -7638,14 +8033,14 @@ compile_rescue(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
     bool prev_in_rescue = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->in_rescue;
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->in_rescue = true;
     {
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rescue head", node->nd_head));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rescue head", RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_head));
     }
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->in_rescue = prev_in_rescue;
 
     ADD_LABEL(ret, lend);
-    if (node->nd_else) {
+    if (RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_else) {
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, pop);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rescue else", node->nd_else));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rescue else", RNODE_RESCUE(node)->nd_else));
     }
     ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, nop);
     ADD_LABEL(ret, lcont);
@@ -7673,16 +8068,16 @@ compile_resbody(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
         label_miss = NEW_LABEL(line);
         label_hit = NEW_LABEL(line);
 
-        narg = resq->nd_args;
+        narg = RNODE_RESBODY(resq)->nd_args;
         if (narg) {
             switch (nd_type(narg)) {
               case NODE_LIST:
                 while (narg) {
                     ADD_GETLOCAL(ret, line_node, LVAR_ERRINFO, 0);
-                    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rescue arg", narg->nd_head));
+                    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rescue arg", RNODE_LIST(narg)->nd_head));
                     ADD_INSN1(ret, line_node, checkmatch, INT2FIX(VM_CHECKMATCH_TYPE_RESCUE));
                     ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, branchif, label_hit);
-                    narg = narg->nd_next;
+                    narg = RNODE_LIST(narg)->nd_next;
                 }
                 break;
               case NODE_SPLAT:
@@ -7705,13 +8100,24 @@ compile_resbody(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
         }
         ADD_INSNL(ret, line_node, jump, label_miss);
         ADD_LABEL(ret, label_hit);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "resbody body", resq->nd_body));
+        ADD_TRACE(ret, RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE);
+
+        if (nd_type(RNODE_RESBODY(resq)->nd_body) == NODE_BEGIN && RNODE_BEGIN(RNODE_RESBODY(resq)->nd_body)->nd_body == NULL) {
+            // empty body
+            int lineno = nd_line(RNODE_RESBODY(resq)->nd_body);
+            NODE dummy_line_node = generate_dummy_line_node(lineno, -1);
+            ADD_INSN(ret, &dummy_line_node, putnil);
+        }
+        else {
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "resbody body", RNODE_RESBODY(resq)->nd_body));
+        }
+
         if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->tailcall_optimization) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, nop);
         }
         ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, leave);
         ADD_LABEL(ret, label_miss);
-        resq = resq->nd_head;
+        resq = RNODE_RESBODY(resq)->nd_head;
     }
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
@@ -7722,7 +8128,7 @@ compile_ensure(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
     const int line = nd_line(node);
     const NODE *line_node = node;
     DECL_ANCHOR(ensr);
-    const rb_iseq_t *ensure = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_ensr,
+    const rb_iseq_t *ensure = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_ENSURE(node)->nd_ensr,
                                              rb_str_concat(rb_str_new2 ("ensure in "), ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.label),
                                              ISEQ_TYPE_ENSURE, line);
     LABEL *lstart = NEW_LABEL(line);
@@ -7735,17 +8141,17 @@ compile_ensure(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
     struct ensure_range *erange;
 
     INIT_ANCHOR(ensr);
-    CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ensr, "ensure ensr", node->nd_ensr));
+    CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ensr, "ensure ensr", RNODE_ENSURE(node)->nd_ensr));
     last = ensr->last;
     last_leave = last && IS_INSN(last) && IS_INSN_ID(last, leave);
 
     er.begin = lstart;
     er.end = lend;
     er.next = 0;
-    push_ensure_entry(iseq, &enl, &er, node->nd_ensr);
+    push_ensure_entry(iseq, &enl, &er, RNODE_ENSURE(node)->nd_ensr);
 
     ADD_LABEL(ret, lstart);
-    CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "ensure head", node->nd_head, (popped | last_leave)));
+    CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "ensure head", RNODE_ENSURE(node)->nd_head, (popped | last_leave)));
     ADD_LABEL(ret, lend);
     ADD_SEQ(ret, ensr);
     if (!popped && last_leave) ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, putnil);
@@ -7774,7 +8180,7 @@ compile_return(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
         enum rb_iseq_type type = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->type;
         const rb_iseq_t *is = iseq;
         enum rb_iseq_type t = type;
-        const NODE *retval = node->nd_stts;
+        const NODE *retval = RNODE_RETURN(node)->nd_stts;
         LABEL *splabel = 0;
 
         while (t == ISEQ_TYPE_RESCUE || t == ISEQ_TYPE_ENSURE) {
@@ -7883,13 +8289,13 @@ compile_call_precheck_freeze(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE
     /* optimization shortcut
      *   "literal".freeze -> opt_str_freeze("literal")
      */
-    if (node->nd_recv && nd_type_p(node->nd_recv, NODE_STR) &&
-        (node->nd_mid == idFreeze || node->nd_mid == idUMinus) &&
-        node->nd_args == NULL &&
+    if (get_nd_recv(node) && nd_type_p(get_nd_recv(node), NODE_STR) &&
+        (get_node_call_nd_mid(node) == idFreeze || get_node_call_nd_mid(node) == idUMinus) &&
+        get_nd_args(node) == NULL &&
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->current_block == NULL &&
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->specialized_instruction) {
-        VALUE str = rb_fstring(node->nd_recv->nd_lit);
-        if (node->nd_mid == idUMinus) {
+        VALUE str = rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(get_nd_recv(node))->nd_lit);
+        if (get_node_call_nd_mid(node) == idUMinus) {
             ADD_INSN2(ret, line_node, opt_str_uminus, str,
                       new_callinfo(iseq, idUMinus, 0, 0, NULL, FALSE));
         }
@@ -7906,14 +8312,14 @@ compile_call_precheck_freeze(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE
     /* optimization shortcut
      *   obj["literal"] -> opt_aref_with(obj, "literal")
      */
-    if (node->nd_mid == idAREF && !private_recv_p(node) && node->nd_args &&
-        nd_type_p(node->nd_args, NODE_LIST) && node->nd_args->nd_alen == 1 &&
-        nd_type_p(node->nd_args->nd_head, NODE_STR) &&
+    if (get_node_call_nd_mid(node) == idAREF && !private_recv_p(node) && get_nd_args(node) &&
+        nd_type_p(get_nd_args(node), NODE_LIST) && RNODE_LIST(get_nd_args(node))->as.nd_alen == 1 &&
+        nd_type_p(RNODE_LIST(get_nd_args(node))->nd_head, NODE_STR) &&
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->current_block == NULL &&
         !ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->frozen_string_literal &&
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->specialized_instruction) {
-        VALUE str = rb_fstring(node->nd_args->nd_head->nd_lit);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "recv", node->nd_recv));
+        VALUE str = rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(RNODE_LIST(get_nd_args(node))->nd_head)->nd_lit);
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "recv", get_nd_recv(node)));
         ADD_INSN2(ret, line_node, opt_aref_with, str,
                   new_callinfo(iseq, idAREF, 1, 0, NULL, FALSE));
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, str);
@@ -7956,12 +8362,12 @@ iseq_builtin_function_name(const enum node_type type, const NODE *recv, ID mid)
         if (recv) {
             switch (nd_type(recv)) {
               case NODE_VCALL:
-                if (recv->nd_mid == rb_intern("__builtin")) {
+                if (RNODE_VCALL(recv)->nd_mid == rb_intern("__builtin")) {
                     return name;
                 }
                 break;
               case NODE_CONST:
-                if (recv->nd_vid == rb_intern("Primitive")) {
+                if (RNODE_CONST(recv)->nd_vid == rb_intern("Primitive")) {
                     return name;
                 }
                 break;
@@ -8042,16 +8448,60 @@ delegate_call_p(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, unsigned int argc, const LINK_ANCHOR *arg
     }
 }
 
+// Compile Primitive.attr! :leaf, ...
+static int
+compile_builtin_attr(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node)
+{
+    VALUE symbol;
+    VALUE string;
+    if (!node) goto no_arg;
+    while (node) {
+        if (!nd_type_p(node, NODE_LIST)) goto bad_arg;
+        const NODE *next = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next;
+
+        node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head;
+        if (!node) goto no_arg;
+        if (!nd_type_p(node, NODE_LIT)) goto bad_arg;
+
+        symbol = RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit;
+        if (!SYMBOL_P(symbol)) goto non_symbol_arg;
+
+        string = rb_sym_to_s(symbol);
+        if (strcmp(RSTRING_PTR(string), "leaf") == 0) {
+            ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->builtin_attrs |= BUILTIN_ATTR_LEAF;
+        }
+        else if (strcmp(RSTRING_PTR(string), "no_gc") == 0) {
+            ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->builtin_attrs |= BUILTIN_ATTR_NO_GC;
+        }
+        else {
+            goto unknown_arg;
+        }
+        node = next;
+    }
+    return COMPILE_OK;
+  no_arg:
+    COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "attr!: no argument");
+    return COMPILE_NG;
+  non_symbol_arg:
+    COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "non symbol argument to attr!: %s", rb_builtin_class_name(symbol));
+    return COMPILE_NG;
+  unknown_arg:
+    COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "unknown argument to attr!: %s", RSTRING_PTR(string));
+    return COMPILE_NG;
+  bad_arg:
+    UNKNOWN_NODE("attr!", node, COMPILE_NG);
+}
+
 static int
 compile_builtin_arg(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *node, const NODE *line_node, int popped)
 {
     if (!node) goto no_arg;
     if (!nd_type_p(node, NODE_LIST)) goto bad_arg;
-    if (node->nd_next) goto too_many_arg;
-    node = node->nd_head;
+    if (RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_next) goto too_many_arg;
+    node = RNODE_LIST(node)->nd_head;
     if (!node) goto no_arg;
     if (!nd_type_p(node, NODE_LIT)) goto bad_arg;
-    VALUE name = node->nd_lit;
+    VALUE name = RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit;
     if (!SYMBOL_P(name)) goto non_symbol_arg;
     if (!popped) {
         compile_lvar(iseq, ret, line_node, SYM2ID(name));
@@ -8075,8 +8525,8 @@ static NODE *
 mandatory_node(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *cond_node)
 {
     const NODE *node = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->root_node;
-    if (nd_type(node) == NODE_IF && node->nd_cond == cond_node) {
-        return node->nd_body;
+    if (nd_type(node) == NODE_IF && RNODE_IF(node)->nd_cond == cond_node) {
+        return RNODE_IF(node)->nd_body;
     }
     else {
         rb_bug("mandatory_node: can't find mandatory node");
@@ -8090,8 +8540,9 @@ compile_builtin_mandatory_only_method(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node, const N
     struct rb_args_info args = {
         .pre_args_num = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->param.lead_num,
     };
-    NODE args_node;
-    rb_node_init(&args_node, NODE_ARGS, 0, 0, (VALUE)&args);
+    rb_node_args_t args_node;
+    rb_node_init(RNODE(&args_node), NODE_ARGS);
+    args_node.nd_ainfo = args;
 
     // local table without non-mandatory parameters
     const int skip_local_size = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->param.size - ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->param.lead_num;
@@ -8112,24 +8563,25 @@ compile_builtin_mandatory_only_method(rb_iseq_t *iseq, const NODE *node, const N
         tbl->ids[i] = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->local_table[i + skip_local_size];
     }
 
-    NODE scope_node;
-    rb_node_init(&scope_node, NODE_SCOPE, (VALUE)tbl, (VALUE)mandatory_node(iseq, node), (VALUE)&args_node);
+    rb_node_scope_t scope_node;
+    rb_node_init(RNODE(&scope_node), NODE_SCOPE);
+    scope_node.nd_tbl = tbl;
+    scope_node.nd_body = mandatory_node(iseq, node);
+    scope_node.nd_args = &args_node;
 
     rb_ast_body_t ast = {
-        .root = &scope_node,
-        .compile_option = 0,
+        .root = RNODE(&scope_node),
+        .frozen_string_literal = -1,
+        .coverage_enabled = -1,
         .script_lines = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->variable.script_lines,
     };
 
-    int prev_inline_index = GET_VM()->builtin_inline_index;
-
     ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->mandatory_only_iseq =
       rb_iseq_new_with_opt(&ast, rb_iseq_base_label(iseq),
                            rb_iseq_path(iseq), rb_iseq_realpath(iseq),
-                           INT2FIX(nd_line(line_node)), NULL, 0,
+                           nd_line(line_node), NULL, 0,
                            ISEQ_TYPE_METHOD, ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option);
 
-    GET_VM()->builtin_inline_index = prev_inline_index;
     ALLOCV_END(idtmp);
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
@@ -8138,15 +8590,15 @@ static int
 compile_builtin_function_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, const NODE *line_node, int popped,
                               const rb_iseq_t *parent_block, LINK_ANCHOR *args, const char *builtin_func)
 {
-    NODE *args_node = node->nd_args;
+    NODE *args_node = get_nd_args(node);
 
     if (parent_block != NULL) {
-        COMPILE_ERROR(iseq, nd_line(line_node), "should not call builtins here.");
+        COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS_AT(line_node) "should not call builtins here.");
         return COMPILE_NG;
     }
     else {
 # define BUILTIN_INLINE_PREFIX "_bi"
-        char inline_func[DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT) + sizeof(BUILTIN_INLINE_PREFIX)];
+        char inline_func[sizeof(BUILTIN_INLINE_PREFIX) + DECIMAL_SIZE_OF(int)];
         bool cconst = false;
       retry:;
         const struct rb_builtin_function *bf = iseq_builtin_function_lookup(iseq, builtin_func);
@@ -8165,9 +8617,7 @@ compile_builtin_function_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NOD
                 return COMPILE_OK;
             }
             else if (strcmp("attr!", builtin_func) == 0) {
-                // There's only "inline" attribute for now
-                ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->builtin_inline_p = true;
-                return COMPILE_OK;
+                return compile_builtin_attr(iseq, args_node);
             }
             else if (strcmp("arg!", builtin_func) == 0) {
                 return compile_builtin_arg(iseq, ret, args_node, line_node, popped);
@@ -8243,7 +8693,7 @@ compile_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, co
      */
     DECL_ANCHOR(recv);
     DECL_ANCHOR(args);
-    ID mid = node->nd_mid;
+    ID mid = get_node_call_nd_mid(node);
     VALUE argc;
     unsigned int flag = 0;
     struct rb_callinfo_kwarg *keywords = NULL;
@@ -8322,7 +8772,7 @@ compile_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, co
 
     const char *builtin_func;
     if (UNLIKELY(iseq_has_builtin_function_table(iseq)) &&
-        (builtin_func = iseq_builtin_function_name(type, node->nd_recv, mid)) != NULL) {
+        (builtin_func = iseq_builtin_function_name(type, get_nd_recv(node), mid)) != NULL) {
         return compile_builtin_function_call(iseq, ret, node, line_node, popped, parent_block, args, builtin_func);
     }
 
@@ -8332,16 +8782,16 @@ compile_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, co
             int idx, level;
 
             if (mid == idCall &&
-                nd_type_p(node->nd_recv, NODE_LVAR) &&
-                iseq_block_param_id_p(iseq, node->nd_recv->nd_vid, &idx, &level)) {
-                ADD_INSN2(recv, node->nd_recv, getblockparamproxy, INT2FIX(idx + VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE - 1), INT2FIX(level));
+                nd_type_p(get_nd_recv(node), NODE_LVAR) &&
+                iseq_block_param_id_p(iseq, RNODE_LVAR(get_nd_recv(node))->nd_vid, &idx, &level)) {
+                ADD_INSN2(recv, get_nd_recv(node), getblockparamproxy, INT2FIX(idx + VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE - 1), INT2FIX(level));
             }
             else if (private_recv_p(node)) {
                 ADD_INSN(recv, node, putself);
                 flag |= VM_CALL_FCALL;
             }
             else {
-                CHECK(COMPILE(recv, "recv", node->nd_recv));
+                CHECK(COMPILE(recv, "recv", get_nd_recv(node)));
             }
 
             if (type == NODE_QCALL) {
@@ -8355,7 +8805,7 @@ compile_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, co
 
     /* args */
     if (type != NODE_VCALL) {
-        argc = setup_args(iseq, args, node->nd_args, &flag, &keywords);
+        argc = setup_args(iseq, args, get_nd_args(node), &flag, &keywords);
         CHECK(!NIL_P(argc));
     }
     else {
@@ -8376,6 +8826,9 @@ compile_call(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, co
         flag |= VM_CALL_FCALL;
     }
 
+    if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG) && (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) && !(flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT)) {
+        ADD_INSN(ret, line_node, splatkw);
+    }
     ADD_SEND_R(ret, line_node, mid, argc, parent_block, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
 
     qcall_branch_end(iseq, ret, else_label, branches, node, line_node);
@@ -8392,8 +8845,10 @@ compile_op_asgn1(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     VALUE argc;
     unsigned int flag = 0;
     int asgnflag = 0;
-    ID id = node->nd_mid;
+    ID id = RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_mid;
     int boff = 0;
+    int keyword_len = 0;
+    struct rb_callinfo_kwarg *keywords = NULL;
 
     /*
      * a[x] (op)= y
@@ -8421,9 +8876,9 @@ compile_op_asgn1(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     if (!popped) {
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, putnil);
     }
-    asgnflag = COMPILE_RECV(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN1 recv", node);
+    asgnflag = COMPILE_RECV(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN1 recv", node, RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_recv);
     CHECK(asgnflag != -1);
-    switch (nd_type(node->nd_args->nd_head)) {
+    switch (nd_type(RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_index)) {
       case NODE_ZLIST:
         argc = INT2FIX(0);
         break;
@@ -8431,12 +8886,28 @@ compile_op_asgn1(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
         boff = 1;
         /* fall through */
       default:
-        argc = setup_args(iseq, ret, node->nd_args->nd_head, &flag, NULL);
+        argc = setup_args(iseq, ret, RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_index, &flag, &keywords);
+        if (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) {
+            if (boff) {
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, splatkw);
+            }
+            else {
+                /* Make sure to_hash is only called once and not twice */
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, splatkw);
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+            }
+        }
         CHECK(!NIL_P(argc));
     }
-    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, dupn, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1 + boff));
+    int dup_argn = FIX2INT(argc) + 1 + boff;
+    if (keywords) {
+        keyword_len = keywords->keyword_len;
+        dup_argn += keyword_len;
+    }
+    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, dupn, INT2FIX(dup_argn));
     flag |= asgnflag;
-    ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, idAREF, argc, INT2FIX(flag));
+    ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idAREF, argc, NULL, INT2FIX(flag & ~VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT), keywords);
 
     if (id == idOROP || id == idANDOP) {
         /* a[x] ||= y  or  a[x] &&= y
@@ -8459,64 +8930,116 @@ compile_op_asgn1(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
         }
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
 
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN1 args->body: ", node->nd_args->nd_body));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN1 nd_rvalue: ", RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_rvalue));
         if (!popped) {
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 2+boff));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(dup_argn+1));
         }
         if (flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) {
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
-            if (boff > 0) {
-                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, dupn, INT2FIX(3));
+            if (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(2 + boff));
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(2 + boff));
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
             }
-            ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
+            else {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
+                if (boff > 0) {
+                    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, dupn, INT2FIX(3));
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+                }
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
+                if (boff > 0) {
+                    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(3));
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+                }
+            }
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, argc, NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
+        }
+        else if (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) {
             if (boff > 0) {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(2));
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(3));
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-                ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
             }
-            ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, idASET, argc, INT2FIX(flag));
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
+        }
+        else if (keyword_len) {
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_reverse, INT2FIX(keyword_len+boff+1));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_reverse, INT2FIX(keyword_len+boff+0));
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
         }
         else {
             if (boff > 0)
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
-            ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), INT2FIX(flag));
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
         }
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, node, jump, lfin);
         ADD_LABEL(ret, label);
         if (!popped) {
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 2+boff));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(dup_argn+1));
         }
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, adjuststack, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 2+boff));
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, adjuststack, INT2FIX(dup_argn+1));
         ADD_LABEL(ret, lfin);
     }
     else {
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN1 args->body: ", node->nd_args->nd_body));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN1 nd_rvalue: ", RNODE_OP_ASGN1(node)->nd_rvalue));
         ADD_SEND(ret, node, id, INT2FIX(1));
         if (!popped) {
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 2+boff));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(dup_argn+1));
         }
         if (flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT) {
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
-            if (boff > 0) {
-                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, dupn, INT2FIX(3));
+            if (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(2 + boff));
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(2 + boff));
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
             }
-            ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
+            else {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
+                if (boff > 0) {
+                    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, dupn, INT2FIX(3));
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+                }
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
+                if (boff > 0) {
+                    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(3));
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+                    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+                }
+            }
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, argc, NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
+        }
+        else if (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) {
             if (boff > 0) {
+                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(2));
+                ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setn, INT2FIX(3));
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-                ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
             }
-            ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, idASET, argc, INT2FIX(flag));
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
+        }
+        else if (keyword_len) {
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_reverse, INT2FIX(keyword_len+boff+2));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_reverse, INT2FIX(keyword_len+boff+1));
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
         }
         else {
             if (boff > 0)
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
-            ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), INT2FIX(flag));
+            ADD_SEND_R(ret, node, idASET, FIXNUM_INC(argc, 1), NULL, INT2FIX(flag), keywords);
         }
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
     }
@@ -8527,8 +9050,8 @@ static int
 compile_op_asgn2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped)
 {
     const int line = nd_line(node);
-    ID atype = node->nd_next->nd_mid;
-    ID vid = node->nd_next->nd_vid, aid = rb_id_attrset(vid);
+    ID atype = RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_mid;
+    ID vid = RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_vid, aid = rb_id_attrset(vid);
     int asgnflag;
     LABEL *lfin = NEW_LABEL(line);
     LABEL *lcfin = NEW_LABEL(line);
@@ -8558,6 +9081,17 @@ compile_op_asgn2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
       lfin:       # o ?
       pop       # o
 
+      # or (popped)
+      if lcfin  # r
+      eval v    # r v
+      send a=   # ?
+      jump lfin # ?
+
+      lcfin:      # r
+
+      lfin:       # ?
+      pop       #
+
       # and
       dup       # r o o
       unless lcfin
@@ -8575,9 +9109,9 @@ compile_op_asgn2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
 
     */
 
-    asgnflag = COMPILE_RECV(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN2#recv", node);
+    asgnflag = COMPILE_RECV(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN2#recv", node, RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_recv);
     CHECK(asgnflag != -1);
-    if (node->nd_next->nd_aid) {
+    if (RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_aid) {
         lskip = NEW_LABEL(line);
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
         ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchnil, lskip);
@@ -8586,48 +9120,48 @@ compile_op_asgn2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, vid, INT2FIX(0), INT2FIX(asgnflag));
 
     if (atype == idOROP || atype == idANDOP) {
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
+        if (!popped) {
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
+        }
         if (atype == idOROP) {
             ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchif, lcfin);
         }
         else { /* idANDOP */
             ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchunless, lcfin);
         }
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN2 val", node->nd_value));
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(1));
+        if (!popped) {
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+        }
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN2 val", RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_value));
+        if (!popped) {
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(1));
+        }
         ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, aid, INT2FIX(1), INT2FIX(asgnflag));
         ADD_INSNL(ret, node, jump, lfin);
 
         ADD_LABEL(ret, lcfin);
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+        if (!popped) {
+            ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
+        }
 
         ADD_LABEL(ret, lfin);
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-        if (lskip) {
-            ADD_LABEL(ret, lskip);
-        }
-        if (popped) {
-            /* we can apply more optimize */
-            ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-        }
     }
     else {
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN2 val", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN2 val", RNODE_OP_ASGN2(node)->nd_value));
         ADD_SEND(ret, node, atype, INT2FIX(1));
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(1));
         }
         ADD_SEND_WITH_FLAG(ret, node, aid, INT2FIX(1), INT2FIX(asgnflag));
-        if (lskip && popped) {
-            ADD_LABEL(ret, lskip);
-        }
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-        if (lskip && !popped) {
-            ADD_LABEL(ret, lskip);
-        }
+    }
+    if (lskip && popped) {
+        ADD_LABEL(ret, lskip);
+    }
+    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+    if (lskip && !popped) {
+        ADD_LABEL(ret, lskip);
     }
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
@@ -8640,21 +9174,21 @@ compile_op_cdecl(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     LABEL *lassign = 0;
     ID mid;
 
-    switch (nd_type(node->nd_head)) {
+    switch (nd_type(RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_head)) {
       case NODE_COLON3:
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, rb_cObject);
         break;
       case NODE_COLON2:
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_CDECL/colon2#nd_head", node->nd_head->nd_head));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_CDECL/colon2#nd_head", RNODE_COLON2(RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_head)->nd_head));
         break;
       default:
         COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "%s: invalid node in NODE_OP_CDECL",
-                      ruby_node_name(nd_type(node->nd_head)));
+                      ruby_node_name(nd_type(RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_head)));
         return COMPILE_NG;
     }
-    mid = node->nd_head->nd_mid;
+    mid = get_node_colon_nd_mid(RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_head);
     /* cref */
-    if (node->nd_aid == idOROP) {
+    if (RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_aid == idOROP) {
         lassign = NEW_LABEL(line);
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup); /* cref cref */
         ADD_INSN3(ret, node, defined, INT2FIX(DEFINED_CONST_FROM),
@@ -8665,17 +9199,17 @@ compile_op_cdecl(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qtrue);
     ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(mid)); /* cref obj */
 
-    if (node->nd_aid == idOROP || node->nd_aid == idANDOP) {
+    if (RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_aid == idOROP || RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_aid == idANDOP) {
         lfin = NEW_LABEL(line);
         if (!popped) ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup); /* cref [obj] obj */
-        if (node->nd_aid == idOROP)
+        if (RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_aid == idOROP)
             ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchif, lfin);
         else /* idANDOP */
             ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchunless, lfin);
         /* cref [obj] */
         if (!popped) ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop); /* cref */
         if (lassign) ADD_LABEL(ret, lassign);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_CDECL#nd_value", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_CDECL#nd_value", RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
         /* cref value */
         if (popped)
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(1)); /* cref value cref */
@@ -8689,9 +9223,9 @@ compile_op_cdecl(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop); /* [value] */
     }
     else {
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_CDECL#nd_value", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_CDECL#nd_value", RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
         /* cref obj value */
-        ADD_CALL(ret, node, node->nd_aid, INT2FIX(1));
+        ADD_CALL(ret, node, RNODE_OP_CDECL(node)->nd_aid, INT2FIX(1));
         /* cref value */
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap); /* value cref */
         if (!popped) {
@@ -8710,11 +9244,11 @@ compile_op_log(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
     LABEL *lfin = NEW_LABEL(line);
     LABEL *lassign;
 
-    if (type == NODE_OP_ASGN_OR && !nd_type_p(node->nd_head, NODE_IVAR)) {
+    if (type == NODE_OP_ASGN_OR && !nd_type_p(RNODE_OP_ASGN_OR(node)->nd_head, NODE_IVAR)) {
         LABEL *lfinish[2];
         lfinish[0] = lfin;
         lfinish[1] = 0;
-        defined_expr(iseq, ret, node->nd_head, lfinish, Qfalse);
+        defined_expr(iseq, ret, RNODE_OP_ASGN_OR(node)->nd_head, lfinish, Qfalse);
         lassign = lfinish[1];
         if (!lassign) {
             lassign = NEW_LABEL(line);
@@ -8725,8 +9259,11 @@ compile_op_log(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
         lassign = NEW_LABEL(line);
     }
 
-    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN_AND/OR#nd_head", node->nd_head));
-    ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
+    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN_AND/OR#nd_head", RNODE_OP_ASGN_OR(node)->nd_head));
+
+    if (!popped) {
+        ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
+    }
 
     if (type == NODE_OP_ASGN_AND) {
         ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchunless, lfin);
@@ -8735,15 +9272,13 @@ compile_op_log(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
         ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchif, lfin);
     }
 
-    ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-    ADD_LABEL(ret, lassign);
-    CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN_AND/OR#nd_value", node->nd_value));
-    ADD_LABEL(ret, lfin);
-
-    if (popped) {
-        /* we can apply more optimize */
+    if (!popped) {
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
     }
+
+    ADD_LABEL(ret, lassign);
+    CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "NODE_OP_ASGN_AND/OR#nd_value", RNODE_OP_ASGN_OR(node)->nd_value, popped));
+    ADD_LABEL(ret, lfin);
     return COMPILE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -8760,9 +9295,12 @@ compile_super(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
     INIT_ANCHOR(args);
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->current_block = NULL;
     if (type == NODE_SUPER) {
-        VALUE vargc = setup_args(iseq, args, node->nd_args, &flag, &keywords);
+        VALUE vargc = setup_args(iseq, args, RNODE_SUPER(node)->nd_args, &flag, &keywords);
         CHECK(!NIL_P(vargc));
         argc = FIX2INT(vargc);
+        if ((flag & VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG) && (flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT) && !(flag & VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT)) {
+            ADD_INSN(args, node, splatkw);
+        }
     }
     else {
         /* NODE_ZSUPER */
@@ -8833,14 +9371,11 @@ compile_super(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
             if (local_body->param.flags.has_kwrest) {
                 int idx = local_body->local_table_size - local_kwd->rest_start;
                 ADD_GETLOCAL(args, node, idx, lvar_level);
-                if (local_kwd->num > 0) {
-                    ADD_SEND (args, node, rb_intern("dup"), INT2FIX(0));
-                    flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT;
-                }
+                assert(local_kwd->num > 0);
+                ADD_SEND (args, node, rb_intern("dup"), INT2FIX(0));
             }
             else {
                 ADD_INSN1(args, node, newhash, INT2FIX(0));
-                flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT;
             }
             for (i = 0; i < local_kwd->num; ++i) {
                 ID id = local_kwd->table[i];
@@ -8849,24 +9384,12 @@ compile_super(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
                 ADD_GETLOCAL(args, node, idx, lvar_level);
             }
             ADD_SEND(args, node, id_core_hash_merge_ptr, INT2FIX(i * 2 + 1));
-            if (local_body->param.flags.has_rest) {
-                ADD_INSN1(args, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
-                ADD_INSN (args, node, concatarray);
-                --argc;
-            }
-            flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT;
+            flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT| VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT;
         }
         else if (local_body->param.flags.has_kwrest) {
             int idx = local_body->local_table_size - local_kwd->rest_start;
             ADD_GETLOCAL(args, node, idx, lvar_level);
-
-            if (local_body->param.flags.has_rest) {
-                ADD_INSN1(args, node, newarray, INT2FIX(1));
-                ADD_INSN (args, node, concatarray);
-            }
-            else {
-                argc++;
-            }
+            argc++;
             flag |= VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT;
         }
     }
@@ -8904,8 +9427,8 @@ compile_yield(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
       default: /* valid */;
     }
 
-    if (node->nd_head) {
-        argc = setup_args(iseq, args, node->nd_head, &flag, &keywords);
+    if (RNODE_YIELD(node)->nd_head) {
+        argc = setup_args(iseq, args, RNODE_YIELD(node)->nd_head, &flag, &keywords);
         CHECK(!NIL_P(argc));
     }
     else {
@@ -8939,17 +9462,17 @@ compile_match(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
     INIT_ANCHOR(val);
     switch ((int)type) {
       case NODE_MATCH:
-        ADD_INSN1(recv, node, putobject, node->nd_lit);
+        ADD_INSN1(recv, node, putobject, RNODE_MATCH(node)->nd_lit);
         ADD_INSN2(val, node, getspecial, INT2FIX(0),
                   INT2FIX(0));
         break;
       case NODE_MATCH2:
-        CHECK(COMPILE(recv, "receiver", node->nd_recv));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(val, "value", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(recv, "receiver", RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_recv));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(val, "value", RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_value));
         break;
       case NODE_MATCH3:
-        CHECK(COMPILE(recv, "receiver", node->nd_value));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(val, "value", node->nd_recv));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(recv, "receiver", RNODE_MATCH3(node)->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(val, "value", RNODE_MATCH3(node)->nd_recv));
         break;
     }
 
@@ -8957,8 +9480,8 @@ compile_match(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
     ADD_SEQ(ret, val);
     ADD_SEND(ret, node, idEqTilde, INT2FIX(1));
 
-    if (node->nd_args) {
-        compile_named_capture_assign(iseq, ret, node->nd_args);
+    if (nd_type_p(node, NODE_MATCH2) && RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_args) {
+        compile_named_capture_assign(iseq, ret, RNODE_MATCH2(node)->nd_args);
     }
 
     if (popped) {
@@ -8970,43 +9493,38 @@ compile_match(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, i
 static int
 compile_colon2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped)
 {
-    const int line = nd_line(node);
-    if (rb_is_const_id(node->nd_mid)) {
+    if (rb_is_const_id(RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid)) {
         /* constant */
-        LABEL *lend = NEW_LABEL(line);
-        int ic_index = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size++;
-
-        DECL_ANCHOR(pref);
-        DECL_ANCHOR(body);
-
-        INIT_ANCHOR(pref);
-        INIT_ANCHOR(body);
-        CHECK(compile_const_prefix(iseq, node, pref, body));
-        if (LIST_INSN_SIZE_ZERO(pref)) {
-            if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->inline_const_cache) {
-                ADD_INSN2(ret, node, opt_getinlinecache, lend, INT2FIX(ic_index));
-            }
-            else {
+        VALUE segments;
+        if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->inline_const_cache &&
+                (segments = collect_const_segments(iseq, node))) {
+            ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size++;
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_getconstant_path, segments);
+            RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, segments);
+        }
+        else {
+            /* constant */
+            DECL_ANCHOR(pref);
+            DECL_ANCHOR(body);
+
+            INIT_ANCHOR(pref);
+            INIT_ANCHOR(body);
+            CHECK(compile_const_prefix(iseq, node, pref, body));
+            if (LIST_INSN_SIZE_ZERO(pref)) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, putnil);
+                ADD_SEQ(ret, body);
             }
-
-            ADD_SEQ(ret, body);
-
-            if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->inline_const_cache) {
-                ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_setinlinecache, INT2FIX(ic_index));
-                ADD_LABEL(ret, lend);
+            else {
+                ADD_SEQ(ret, pref);
+                ADD_SEQ(ret, body);
             }
         }
-        else {
-            ADD_SEQ(ret, pref);
-            ADD_SEQ(ret, body);
-        }
     }
     else {
         /* function call */
         ADD_CALL_RECEIVER(ret, node);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "colon2#nd_head", node->nd_head));
-        ADD_CALL(ret, node, node->nd_mid, INT2FIX(1));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "colon2#nd_head", RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_head));
+        ADD_CALL(ret, node, RNODE_COLON2(node)->nd_mid, INT2FIX(1));
     }
     if (popped) {
         ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
@@ -9017,25 +9535,19 @@ compile_colon2(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
 static int
 compile_colon3(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped)
 {
-    const int line = nd_line(node);
-    LABEL *lend = NEW_LABEL(line);
-    int ic_index = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size++;
-
-    debugi("colon3#nd_mid", node->nd_mid);
+    debugi("colon3#nd_mid", RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid);
 
     /* add cache insn */
     if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->inline_const_cache) {
-        ADD_INSN2(ret, node, opt_getinlinecache, lend, INT2FIX(ic_index));
-        ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
+        ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size++;
+        VALUE segments = rb_ary_new_from_args(2, ID2SYM(idNULL), ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid));
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_getconstant_path, segments);
+        RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, segments);
     }
-
-    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, rb_cObject);
-    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qtrue);
-    ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_mid));
-
-    if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->inline_const_cache) {
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_setinlinecache, INT2FIX(ic_index));
-        ADD_LABEL(ret, lend);
+    else {
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, rb_cObject);
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qtrue);
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(RNODE_COLON3(node)->nd_mid));
     }
 
     if (popped) {
@@ -9048,13 +9560,13 @@ static int
 compile_dots(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node, int popped, const int excl)
 {
     VALUE flag = INT2FIX(excl);
-    const NODE *b = node->nd_beg;
-    const NODE *e = node->nd_end;
+    const NODE *b = RNODE_DOT2(node)->nd_beg;
+    const NODE *e = RNODE_DOT2(node)->nd_end;
 
     if (optimizable_range_item_p(b) && optimizable_range_item_p(e)) {
         if (!popped) {
-            VALUE bv = nd_type_p(b, NODE_LIT) ? b->nd_lit : Qnil;
-            VALUE ev = nd_type_p(e, NODE_LIT) ? e->nd_lit : Qnil;
+            VALUE bv = nd_type_p(b, NODE_LIT) ? RNODE_LIT(b)->nd_lit : Qnil;
+            VALUE ev = nd_type_p(e, NODE_LIT) ? RNODE_LIT(e)->nd_lit : Qnil;
             VALUE val = rb_range_new(bv, ev, excl);
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, val);
             RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, val);
@@ -9103,7 +9615,7 @@ compile_kw_arg(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
 {
     struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
     LABEL *end_label = NEW_LABEL(nd_line(node));
-    const NODE *default_value = node->nd_body->nd_value;
+    const NODE *default_value = get_nd_value(RNODE_KW_ARG(node)->nd_body);
 
     if (default_value == NODE_SPECIAL_REQUIRED_KEYWORD) {
         /* required argument. do nothing */
@@ -9127,7 +9639,7 @@ compile_kw_arg(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node,
 
         ADD_INSN2(ret, node, checkkeyword, INT2FIX(kw_bits_idx + VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE - 1), INT2FIX(keyword_idx));
         ADD_INSNL(ret, node, branchif, end_label);
-        CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "keyword default argument", node->nd_body));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_POPPED(ret, "keyword default argument", RNODE_KW_ARG(node)->nd_body));
         ADD_LABEL(ret, end_label);
     }
     return COMPILE_OK;
@@ -9139,7 +9651,7 @@ compile_attrasgn(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     DECL_ANCHOR(recv);
     DECL_ANCHOR(args);
     unsigned int flag = 0;
-    ID mid = node->nd_mid;
+    ID mid = RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_mid;
     VALUE argc;
     LABEL *else_label = NULL;
     VALUE branches = Qfalse;
@@ -9147,16 +9659,16 @@ compile_attrasgn(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
     /* optimization shortcut
      *   obj["literal"] = value -> opt_aset_with(obj, "literal", value)
      */
-    if (mid == idASET && !private_recv_p(node) && node->nd_args &&
-        nd_type_p(node->nd_args, NODE_LIST) && node->nd_args->nd_alen == 2 &&
-        nd_type_p(node->nd_args->nd_head, NODE_STR) &&
+    if (mid == idASET && !private_recv_p(node) && RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args &&
+        nd_type_p(RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args, NODE_LIST) && RNODE_LIST(RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args)->as.nd_alen == 2 &&
+        nd_type_p(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args)->nd_head, NODE_STR) &&
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->current_block == NULL &&
         !ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->frozen_string_literal &&
         ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->specialized_instruction)
     {
-        VALUE str = rb_fstring(node->nd_args->nd_head->nd_lit);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "recv", node->nd_recv));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "value", node->nd_args->nd_next->nd_head));
+        VALUE str = rb_fstring(RNODE_STR(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args)->nd_head)->nd_lit);
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "recv", RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_recv));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "value", RNODE_LIST(RNODE_LIST(RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args)->nd_next)->nd_head));
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, topn, INT2FIX(1));
@@ -9170,10 +9682,10 @@ compile_attrasgn(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const node
 
     INIT_ANCHOR(recv);
     INIT_ANCHOR(args);
-    argc = setup_args(iseq, args, node->nd_args, &flag, NULL);
+    argc = setup_args(iseq, args, RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_args, &flag, NULL);
     CHECK(!NIL_P(argc));
 
-    int asgnflag = COMPILE_RECV(recv, "recv", node);
+    int asgnflag = COMPILE_RECV(recv, "recv", node, RNODE_ATTRASGN(node)->nd_recv);
     CHECK(asgnflag != -1);
     flag |= (unsigned int)asgnflag;
 
@@ -9255,7 +9767,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         /* ignore */
     }
     else {
-        if (node->flags & NODE_FL_NEWLINE) {
+        if (nd_fl_newline(node)) {
             int event = RUBY_EVENT_LINE;
             ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->last_line = line;
             if (ISEQ_COVERAGE(iseq) && ISEQ_LINE_COVERAGE(iseq)) {
@@ -9310,7 +9822,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         CHECK(compile_retry(iseq, ret, node, popped));
         break;
       case NODE_BEGIN:{
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "NODE_BEGIN", node->nd_body, popped));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "NODE_BEGIN", RNODE_BEGIN(node)->nd_body, popped));
         break;
       }
       case NODE_RESCUE:
@@ -9326,7 +9838,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       case NODE_AND:
       case NODE_OR:{
         LABEL *end_label = NEW_LABEL(line);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "nd_1st", node->nd_1st));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "nd_1st", RNODE_OR(node)->nd_1st));
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
         }
@@ -9339,7 +9851,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
         }
-        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "nd_2nd", node->nd_2nd, popped));
+        CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "nd_2nd", RNODE_OR(node)->nd_2nd, popped));
         ADD_LABEL(ret, end_label);
         break;
       }
@@ -9350,11 +9862,11 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       }
 
       case NODE_LASGN:{
-        ID id = node->nd_vid;
+        ID id = RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_vid;
         int idx = ISEQ_BODY(body->local_iseq)->local_table_size - get_local_var_idx(iseq, id);
 
         debugs("lvar: %s idx: %d\n", rb_id2name(id), idx);
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rvalue", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "rvalue", RNODE_LASGN(node)->nd_value));
 
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
@@ -9364,8 +9876,8 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       }
       case NODE_DASGN: {
         int idx, lv, ls;
-        ID id = node->nd_vid;
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "dvalue", node->nd_value));
+        ID id = RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_vid;
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "dvalue", RNODE_DASGN(node)->nd_value));
         debugi("dassn id", rb_id2str(id) ? id : '*');
 
         if (!popped) {
@@ -9383,27 +9895,27 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_GASGN:{
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", RNODE_GASGN(node)->nd_value));
 
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
         }
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setglobal, ID2SYM(node->nd_entry));
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setglobal, ID2SYM(RNODE_GASGN(node)->nd_vid));
         break;
       }
       case NODE_IASGN:{
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", RNODE_IASGN(node)->nd_value));
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
         }
         ADD_INSN2(ret, node, setinstancevariable,
-                  ID2SYM(node->nd_vid),
-                  get_ivar_ic_value(iseq,node->nd_vid));
+                  ID2SYM(RNODE_IASGN(node)->nd_vid),
+                  get_ivar_ic_value(iseq,RNODE_IASGN(node)->nd_vid));
         break;
       }
       case NODE_CDECL:{
-        if (node->nd_vid) {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", node->nd_value));
+        if (RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_vid) {
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
 
             if (!popped) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
@@ -9411,11 +9923,11 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
 
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject,
                       INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_CONST_BASE));
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setconstant, ID2SYM(RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_vid));
         }
         else {
-            compile_cpath(ret, iseq, node->nd_else);
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", node->nd_value));
+            compile_cpath(ret, iseq, RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_else);
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "lvalue", RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_value));
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
 
             if (!popped) {
@@ -9423,18 +9935,18 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, swap);
             }
 
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_else->nd_mid));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, setconstant, ID2SYM(get_node_colon_nd_mid(RNODE_CDECL(node)->nd_else)));
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_CVASGN:{
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "cvasgn val", node->nd_value));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "cvasgn val", RNODE_CVASGN(node)->nd_value));
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, dup);
         }
         ADD_INSN2(ret, node, setclassvariable,
-                  ID2SYM(node->nd_vid),
-                  get_cvar_ic_value(iseq,node->nd_vid));
+                  ID2SYM(RNODE_CVASGN(node)->nd_vid),
+                  get_cvar_ic_value(iseq, RNODE_CVASGN(node)->nd_vid));
         break;
       }
       case NODE_OP_ASGN1:
@@ -9476,18 +9988,6 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         }
         break;
       }
-      case NODE_VALUES:{
-        const NODE *n = node;
-        if (popped) {
-            COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "NODE_VALUES: must not be popped");
-        }
-        while (n) {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "values item", n->nd_head));
-            n = n->nd_next;
-        }
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, newarray, INT2FIX(node->nd_alen));
-        break;
-      }
       case NODE_HASH:
         CHECK(compile_hash(iseq, ret, node, FALSE, popped) >= 0);
         break;
@@ -9499,18 +9999,18 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       case NODE_LVAR:{
         if (!popped) {
-            compile_lvar(iseq, ret, node, node->nd_vid);
+            compile_lvar(iseq, ret, node, RNODE_LVAR(node)->nd_vid);
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_DVAR:{
         int lv, idx, ls;
-        debugi("nd_vid", node->nd_vid);
+        debugi("nd_vid", RNODE_DVAR(node)->nd_vid);
         if (!popped) {
-            idx = get_dyna_var_idx(iseq, node->nd_vid, &lv, &ls);
+            idx = get_dyna_var_idx(iseq, RNODE_DVAR(node)->nd_vid, &lv, &ls);
             if (idx < 0) {
                 COMPILE_ERROR(ERROR_ARGS "unknown dvar (%"PRIsVALUE")",
-                              rb_id2str(node->nd_vid));
+                              rb_id2str(RNODE_DVAR(node)->nd_vid));
                 goto ng;
             }
             ADD_GETLOCAL(ret, node, ls - idx, lv);
@@ -9518,38 +10018,34 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_GVAR:{
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getglobal, ID2SYM(node->nd_entry));
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getglobal, ID2SYM(RNODE_GVAR(node)->nd_vid));
         if (popped) {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_IVAR:{
-        debugi("nd_vid", node->nd_vid);
+        debugi("nd_vid", RNODE_IVAR(node)->nd_vid);
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN2(ret, node, getinstancevariable,
-                      ID2SYM(node->nd_vid),
-                      get_ivar_ic_value(iseq,node->nd_vid));
+                      ID2SYM(RNODE_IVAR(node)->nd_vid),
+                      get_ivar_ic_value(iseq, RNODE_IVAR(node)->nd_vid));
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_CONST:{
-        debugi("nd_vid", node->nd_vid);
+        debugi("nd_vid", RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid);
 
         if (ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->inline_const_cache) {
-            LABEL *lend = NEW_LABEL(line);
-            int ic_index = body->ic_size++;
-
-            ADD_INSN2(ret, node, opt_getinlinecache, lend, INT2FIX(ic_index));
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qtrue);
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid));
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_setinlinecache, INT2FIX(ic_index));
-            ADD_LABEL(ret, lend);
+            body->ic_size++;
+            VALUE segments = rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, opt_getconstant_path, segments);
+            RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, segments);
         }
         else {
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, putnil);
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, Qtrue);
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(node->nd_vid));
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, getconstant, ID2SYM(RNODE_CONST(node)->nd_vid));
         }
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9560,26 +10056,26 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       case NODE_CVAR:{
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN2(ret, node, getclassvariable,
-                      ID2SYM(node->nd_vid),
-                      get_cvar_ic_value(iseq,node->nd_vid));
+                      ID2SYM(RNODE_CVAR(node)->nd_vid),
+                      get_cvar_ic_value(iseq, RNODE_CVAR(node)->nd_vid));
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_NTH_REF:{
         if (!popped) {
-            if (!node->nd_nth) {
+            if (!RNODE_NTH_REF(node)->nd_nth) {
                 ADD_INSN(ret, node, putnil);
                 break;
             }
             ADD_INSN2(ret, node, getspecial, INT2FIX(1) /* '~'  */,
-                      INT2FIX(node->nd_nth << 1));
+                      INT2FIX(RNODE_NTH_REF(node)->nd_nth << 1));
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_BACK_REF:{
         if (!popped) {
             ADD_INSN2(ret, node, getspecial, INT2FIX(1) /* '~' */,
-                      INT2FIX(0x01 | (node->nd_nth << 1)));
+                      INT2FIX(0x01 | (RNODE_BACK_REF(node)->nd_nth << 1)));
         }
         break;
       }
@@ -9589,17 +10085,17 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         CHECK(compile_match(iseq, ret, node, popped, type));
         break;
       case NODE_LIT:{
-        debugp_param("lit", node->nd_lit);
+        debugp_param("lit", RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit);
         if (!popped) {
-            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, node->nd_lit);
-            RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, node->nd_lit);
+            ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit);
+            RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, RNODE_LIT(node)->nd_lit);
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_STR:{
-        debugp_param("nd_lit", node->nd_lit);
+        debugp_param("nd_lit", RNODE_STR(node)->nd_lit);
         if (!popped) {
-            VALUE lit = node->nd_lit;
+            VALUE lit = RNODE_STR(node)->nd_lit;
             if (!ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->option->frozen_string_literal) {
                 lit = rb_fstring(lit);
                 ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putstring, lit);
@@ -9631,7 +10127,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       }
       case NODE_XSTR:{
         ADD_CALL_RECEIVER(ret, node);
-        VALUE str = rb_fstring(node->nd_lit);
+        VALUE str = rb_fstring(RNODE_XSTR(node)->nd_lit);
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, str);
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, str);
         ADD_CALL(ret, node, idBackquote, INT2FIX(1));
@@ -9652,20 +10148,15 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_EVSTR:
-        CHECK(compile_evstr(iseq, ret, node->nd_body, popped));
+        CHECK(compile_evstr(iseq, ret, RNODE_EVSTR(node)->nd_body, popped));
         break;
-      case NODE_DREGX:{
-        compile_dregx(iseq, ret, node);
-
-        if (popped) {
-            ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-        }
+      case NODE_DREGX:
+        compile_dregx(iseq, ret, node, popped);
         break;
-      }
       case NODE_ONCE:{
         int ic_index = body->ise_size++;
         const rb_iseq_t *block_iseq;
-        block_iseq = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq), ISEQ_TYPE_PLAIN, line);
+        block_iseq = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_ONCE(node)->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq), ISEQ_TYPE_PLAIN, line);
 
         ADD_INSN2(ret, node, once, block_iseq, INT2FIX(ic_index));
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, (VALUE)block_iseq);
@@ -9677,36 +10168,36 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       }
       case NODE_ARGSCAT:{
         if (popped) {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat head", node->nd_head));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat head", RNODE_ARGSCAT(node)->nd_head));
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, splatarray, Qfalse);
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat body", node->nd_body));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat body", RNODE_ARGSCAT(node)->nd_body));
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, splatarray, Qfalse);
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
         }
         else {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat head", node->nd_head));
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat body", node->nd_body));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat head", RNODE_ARGSCAT(node)->nd_head));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argscat body", RNODE_ARGSCAT(node)->nd_body));
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_ARGSPUSH:{
         if (popped) {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argspush head", node->nd_head));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argspush head", RNODE_ARGSPUSH(node)->nd_head));
             ADD_INSN1(ret, node, splatarray, Qfalse);
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, pop);
-            CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "argspush body", node->nd_body, popped));
+            CHECK(COMPILE_(ret, "argspush body", RNODE_ARGSPUSH(node)->nd_body, popped));
         }
         else {
-            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argspush head", node->nd_head));
-            CHECK(compile_array_1(iseq, ret, node->nd_body));
+            CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "argspush head", RNODE_ARGSPUSH(node)->nd_head));
+            CHECK(compile_array_1(iseq, ret, RNODE_ARGSPUSH(node)->nd_body));
             ADD_INSN(ret, node, concatarray);
         }
         break;
       }
       case NODE_SPLAT:{
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "splat", node->nd_head));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "splat", RNODE_SPLAT(node)->nd_head));
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, splatarray, Qtrue);
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9715,8 +10206,8 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_DEFN:{
-        ID mid = node->nd_mid;
-        const rb_iseq_t *method_iseq = NEW_ISEQ(node->nd_defn,
+        ID mid = RNODE_DEFN(node)->nd_mid;
+        const rb_iseq_t *method_iseq = NEW_ISEQ(RNODE_DEFN(node)->nd_defn,
                                                 rb_id2str(mid),
                                                 ISEQ_TYPE_METHOD, line);
 
@@ -9731,13 +10222,13 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_DEFS:{
-        ID mid = node->nd_mid;
-        const rb_iseq_t * singleton_method_iseq = NEW_ISEQ(node->nd_defn,
+        ID mid = RNODE_DEFS(node)->nd_mid;
+        const rb_iseq_t * singleton_method_iseq = NEW_ISEQ(RNODE_DEFS(node)->nd_defn,
                                                            rb_id2str(mid),
                                                            ISEQ_TYPE_METHOD, line);
 
         debugp_param("defs/iseq", rb_iseqw_new(singleton_method_iseq));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "defs: recv", node->nd_recv));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "defs: recv", RNODE_DEFS(node)->nd_recv));
         ADD_INSN2(ret, node, definesmethod, ID2SYM(mid), singleton_method_iseq);
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, (VALUE)singleton_method_iseq);
 
@@ -9749,8 +10240,8 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       case NODE_ALIAS:{
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject, INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_VMCORE));
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject, INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_CBASE));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "alias arg1", node->nd_1st));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "alias arg2", node->nd_2nd));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "alias arg1", RNODE_ALIAS(node)->nd_1st));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "alias arg2", RNODE_ALIAS(node)->nd_2nd));
         ADD_SEND(ret, node, id_core_set_method_alias, INT2FIX(3));
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9760,8 +10251,8 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       }
       case NODE_VALIAS:{
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject, INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_VMCORE));
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, ID2SYM(node->nd_alias));
-        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, ID2SYM(node->nd_orig));
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, ID2SYM(RNODE_VALIAS(node)->nd_alias));
+        ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putobject, ID2SYM(RNODE_VALIAS(node)->nd_orig));
         ADD_SEND(ret, node, id_core_set_variable_alias, INT2FIX(2));
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9772,7 +10263,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       case NODE_UNDEF:{
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject, INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_VMCORE));
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject, INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_CBASE));
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "undef arg", node->nd_undef));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "undef arg", RNODE_UNDEF(node)->nd_undef));
         ADD_SEND(ret, node, id_core_undef_method, INT2FIX(2));
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9781,15 +10272,15 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_CLASS:{
-        const rb_iseq_t *class_iseq = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_body,
-                                                     rb_str_freeze(rb_sprintf("<class:%"PRIsVALUE">", rb_id2str(node->nd_cpath->nd_mid))),
+        const rb_iseq_t *class_iseq = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_body,
+                                                     rb_str_freeze(rb_sprintf("<class:%"PRIsVALUE">", rb_id2str(get_node_colon_nd_mid(RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_cpath)))),
                                                      ISEQ_TYPE_CLASS, line);
         const int flags = VM_DEFINECLASS_TYPE_CLASS |
-            (node->nd_super ? VM_DEFINECLASS_FLAG_HAS_SUPERCLASS : 0) |
-            compile_cpath(ret, iseq, node->nd_cpath);
+            (RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_super ? VM_DEFINECLASS_FLAG_HAS_SUPERCLASS : 0) |
+            compile_cpath(ret, iseq, RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_cpath);
 
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "super", node->nd_super));
-        ADD_INSN3(ret, node, defineclass, ID2SYM(node->nd_cpath->nd_mid), class_iseq, INT2FIX(flags));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "super", RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_super));
+        ADD_INSN3(ret, node, defineclass, ID2SYM(get_node_colon_nd_mid(RNODE_CLASS(node)->nd_cpath)), class_iseq, INT2FIX(flags));
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, (VALUE)class_iseq);
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9798,14 +10289,14 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       }
       case NODE_MODULE:{
-        const rb_iseq_t *module_iseq = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_body,
-                                                      rb_str_freeze(rb_sprintf("<module:%"PRIsVALUE">", rb_id2str(node->nd_cpath->nd_mid))),
+        const rb_iseq_t *module_iseq = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_MODULE(node)->nd_body,
+                                                      rb_str_freeze(rb_sprintf("<module:%"PRIsVALUE">", rb_id2str(get_node_colon_nd_mid(RNODE_MODULE(node)->nd_cpath)))),
                                                       ISEQ_TYPE_CLASS, line);
         const int flags = VM_DEFINECLASS_TYPE_MODULE |
-            compile_cpath(ret, iseq, node->nd_cpath);
+            compile_cpath(ret, iseq, RNODE_MODULE(node)->nd_cpath);
 
         ADD_INSN (ret, node, putnil); /* dummy */
-        ADD_INSN3(ret, node, defineclass, ID2SYM(node->nd_cpath->nd_mid), module_iseq, INT2FIX(flags));
+        ADD_INSN3(ret, node, defineclass, ID2SYM(get_node_colon_nd_mid(RNODE_MODULE(node)->nd_cpath)), module_iseq, INT2FIX(flags));
         RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, (VALUE)module_iseq);
 
         if (popped) {
@@ -9815,10 +10306,10 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
       }
       case NODE_SCLASS:{
         ID singletonclass;
-        const rb_iseq_t *singleton_class = NEW_ISEQ(node->nd_body, rb_fstring_lit("singleton class"),
+        const rb_iseq_t *singleton_class = NEW_ISEQ(RNODE_SCLASS(node)->nd_body, rb_fstring_lit("singleton class"),
                                                     ISEQ_TYPE_CLASS, line);
 
-        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "sclass#recv", node->nd_recv));
+        CHECK(COMPILE(ret, "sclass#recv", RNODE_SCLASS(node)->nd_recv));
         ADD_INSN (ret, node, putnil);
         CONST_ID(singletonclass, "singletonclass");
         ADD_INSN3(ret, node, defineclass,
@@ -9896,7 +10387,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
          */
         int is_index = body->ise_size++;
         struct rb_iseq_new_with_callback_callback_func *ifunc =
-            rb_iseq_new_with_callback_new_callback(build_postexe_iseq, node->nd_body);
+            rb_iseq_new_with_callback_new_callback(build_postexe_iseq, RNODE_POSTEXE(node)->nd_body);
         const rb_iseq_t *once_iseq =
             new_child_iseq_with_callback(iseq, ifunc,
                                  rb_fstring(make_name_for_block(iseq)), iseq, ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK, line);
@@ -9927,7 +10418,7 @@ iseq_compile_each0(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const ret, const NODE *const no
         break;
       case NODE_LAMBDA:{
         /* compile same as lambda{...} */
-        const rb_iseq_t *block = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(node->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq), ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK, line);
+        const rb_iseq_t *block = NEW_CHILD_ISEQ(RNODE_LAMBDA(node)->nd_body, make_name_for_block(iseq), ISEQ_TYPE_BLOCK, line);
         VALUE argc = INT2FIX(0);
 
         ADD_INSN1(ret, node, putspecialobject, INT2FIX(VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_VMCORE));
@@ -10032,10 +10523,16 @@ insn_data_to_s_detail(INSN *iobj)
                 rb_str_concat(str, opobj_inspect(OPERAND_AT(iobj, j)));
                 break;
               case TS_IC:	/* inline cache */
+                rb_str_concat(str, opobj_inspect(OPERAND_AT(iobj, j)));
+                break;
               case TS_IVC:	/* inline ivar cache */
+                rb_str_catf(str, "<ivc:%d>", FIX2INT(OPERAND_AT(iobj, j)));
+                break;
               case TS_ICVARC:   /* inline cvar cache */
+                rb_str_catf(str, "<icvarc:%d>", FIX2INT(OPERAND_AT(iobj, j)));
+                break;
               case TS_ISE:	/* inline storage entry */
-                rb_str_catf(str, "<ic:%d>", FIX2INT(OPERAND_AT(iobj, j)));
+                rb_str_catf(str, "<ise:%d>", FIX2INT(OPERAND_AT(iobj, j)));
                 break;
               case TS_CALLDATA: /* we store these as call infos at compile time */
                 {
@@ -10132,6 +10629,12 @@ dump_disasm_list_with_cursor(const LINK_ELEMENT *link, const LINK_ELEMENT *curr,
     fflush(stdout);
 }
 
+int
+rb_insn_len(VALUE insn)
+{
+    return insn_len(insn);
+}
+
 const char *
 rb_insns_name(int i)
 {
@@ -10295,6 +10798,7 @@ iseq_build_callinfo_from_hash(rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE op)
             size_t n = rb_callinfo_kwarg_bytes(len);
 
             kw_arg = xmalloc(n);
+            kw_arg->references = 0;
             kw_arg->keyword_len = len;
             for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                 VALUE kw = RARRAY_AREF(vkw_arg, i);
@@ -10320,6 +10824,7 @@ event_name_to_flag(VALUE sym)
                 CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_RETURN);
                 CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL);
                 CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN);
+                CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE);
 #undef CHECK_EVENT
     return RUBY_EVENT_NONE;
 }
@@ -10431,9 +10936,20 @@ iseq_build_from_ary_body(rb_iseq_t *iseq, LINK_ANCHOR *const anchor,
                         }
                         break;
                       case TS_IC:
-                        argv[j] = op;
-                        if (NUM2UINT(op) >= ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size) {
-                            ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size = NUM2INT(op) + 1;
+                        {
+                            VALUE segments = rb_ary_new();
+                            op = rb_to_array_type(op);
+
+                            for (int i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(op); i++) {
+                                VALUE sym = RARRAY_AREF(op, i);
+                                sym = rb_to_symbol_type(sym);
+                                rb_ary_push(segments, sym);
+                            }
+
+                            RB_GC_GUARD(op);
+                            argv[j] = segments;
+                            RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(iseq, Qundef, segments);
+                            ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size++;
                         }
                         break;
                       case TS_IVC:  /* inline ivar cache */
@@ -10592,8 +11108,14 @@ iseq_build_kw(rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE params, VALUE keywords)
     return keyword;
 }
 
+static void
+iseq_insn_each_object_mark_and_pin(VALUE obj, VALUE _)
+{
+    rb_gc_mark(obj);
+}
+
 void
-rb_iseq_mark_insn_storage(struct iseq_compile_data_storage *storage)
+rb_iseq_mark_and_pin_insn_storage(struct iseq_compile_data_storage *storage)
 {
     INSN *iobj = 0;
     size_t size = sizeof(INSN);
@@ -10618,28 +11140,7 @@ rb_iseq_mark_insn_storage(struct iseq_compile_data_storage *storage)
             iobj = (INSN *)&storage->buff[pos];
 
             if (iobj->operands) {
-                int j;
-                const char *types = insn_op_types(iobj->insn_id);
-
-                for (j = 0; types[j]; j++) {
-                    char type = types[j];
-                    switch (type) {
-                      case TS_CDHASH:
-                      case TS_ISEQ:
-                      case TS_VALUE:
-                      case TS_CALLDATA: // ci is stored.
-                        {
-                            VALUE op = OPERAND_AT(iobj, j);
-
-                            if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P(op)) {
-                                rb_gc_mark(op);
-                            }
-                        }
-                        break;
-                      default:
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
+                iseq_insn_each_markable_object(iobj, iseq_insn_each_object_mark_and_pin, (VALUE)0);
             }
             pos += (int)size;
         }
@@ -10812,7 +11313,7 @@ rb_local_defined(ID id, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 #define IBF_ISEQ_ENABLE_LOCAL_BUFFER 0
 #endif
 
-typedef unsigned int ibf_offset_t;
+typedef uint32_t ibf_offset_t;
 #define IBF_OFFSET(ptr) ((ibf_offset_t)(VALUE)(ptr))
 
 #define IBF_MAJOR_VERSION ISEQ_MAJOR_VERSION
@@ -10823,17 +11324,27 @@ typedef unsigned int ibf_offset_t;
 #define IBF_MINOR_VERSION ISEQ_MINOR_VERSION
 #endif
 
+static const char IBF_ENDIAN_MARK =
+#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
+    'b'
+#else
+    'l'
+#endif
+    ;
+
 struct ibf_header {
     char magic[4]; /* YARB */
-    unsigned int major_version;
-    unsigned int minor_version;
-    unsigned int size;
-    unsigned int extra_size;
+    uint32_t major_version;
+    uint32_t minor_version;
+    uint32_t size;
+    uint32_t extra_size;
 
-    unsigned int iseq_list_size;
-    unsigned int global_object_list_size;
+    uint32_t iseq_list_size;
+    uint32_t global_object_list_size;
     ibf_offset_t iseq_list_offset;
     ibf_offset_t global_object_list_offset;
+    uint8_t endian;
+    uint8_t wordsize;           /* assume no 2048-bit CPU */
 };
 
 struct ibf_dump_buffer {
@@ -10868,7 +11379,7 @@ struct ibf_load {
 
 struct pinned_list {
     long size;
-    VALUE * buffer;
+    VALUE buffer[1];
 };
 
 static void
@@ -10883,25 +11394,14 @@ pinned_list_mark(void *ptr)
     }
 }
 
-static void
-pinned_list_free(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct pinned_list *list = (struct pinned_list *)ptr;
-    xfree(list->buffer);
-    xfree(ptr);
-}
-
-static size_t
-pinned_list_memsize(const void *ptr)
-{
-    struct pinned_list *list = (struct pinned_list *)ptr;
-    return sizeof(struct pinned_list) + (list->size * sizeof(VALUE *));
-}
-
 static const rb_data_type_t pinned_list_type = {
     "pinned_list",
-    {pinned_list_mark, pinned_list_free, pinned_list_memsize,},
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    {
+        pinned_list_mark,
+        RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL, // No external memory to report,
+    },
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -10935,13 +11435,10 @@ pinned_list_store(VALUE list, long offset, VALUE object)
 static VALUE
 pinned_list_new(long size)
 {
-    struct pinned_list * ptr;
-    VALUE obj_list =
-        TypedData_Make_Struct(0, struct pinned_list, &pinned_list_type, ptr);
-
-    ptr->buffer = xcalloc(size, sizeof(VALUE));
+    size_t memsize = offsetof(struct pinned_list, buffer) + size * sizeof(VALUE);
+    VALUE obj_list = rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(0, memsize, &pinned_list_type);
+    struct pinned_list * ptr = RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(obj_list);
     ptr->size = size;
-
     return obj_list;
 }
 
@@ -11255,6 +11752,12 @@ ibf_dump_code(struct ibf_dump *dump, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
                 wv = (VALUE)ibf_dump_iseq(dump, (const rb_iseq_t *)op);
                 break;
               case TS_IC:
+                {
+                    IC ic = (IC)op;
+                    VALUE arr = idlist_to_array(ic->segments);
+                    wv = ibf_dump_object(dump, arr);
+                }
+                break;
               case TS_ISE:
               case TS_IVC:
               case TS_ICVARC:
@@ -11299,6 +11802,7 @@ ibf_load_code(const struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t bytecod
 
     struct rb_iseq_constant_body *load_body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
     struct rb_call_data *cd_entries = load_body->call_data;
+    int ic_index = 0;
 
     iseq_bits_t * mark_offset_bits;
 
@@ -11315,7 +11819,6 @@ ibf_load_code(const struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t bytecod
     for (code_index=0; code_index<iseq_size;) {
         /* opcode */
         const VALUE insn = code[code_index] = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
-        const unsigned int insn_index = code_index;
         const char *types = insn_op_types(insn);
         int op_index;
 
@@ -11370,6 +11873,16 @@ ibf_load_code(const struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t bytecod
                     break;
                 }
               case TS_IC:
+                {
+                    VALUE op = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
+                    VALUE arr = ibf_load_object(load, op);
+
+                    IC ic = &ISEQ_IS_IC_ENTRY(load_body, ic_index++);
+                    ic->segments = array_to_idlist(arr);
+
+                    code[code_index] = (VALUE)ic;
+                }
+                break;
               case TS_ISE:
               case TS_ICVARC:
               case TS_IVC:
@@ -11379,11 +11892,20 @@ ibf_load_code(const struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t bytecod
                     ISE ic = ISEQ_IS_ENTRY_START(load_body, operand_type) + op;
                     code[code_index] = (VALUE)ic;
 
-                    if (insn == BIN(opt_getinlinecache) && operand_type == TS_IC) {
-                        // Store the instruction index for opt_getinlinecache on the IC for
-                        // YJIT to invalidate code when opt_setinlinecache runs.
-                        ic->ic_cache.get_insn_idx = insn_index;
+                    if (operand_type == TS_IVC) {
+                        IVC cache = (IVC)ic;
+
+                        if (insn == BIN(setinstancevariable)) {
+                            ID iv_name = (ID)code[code_index - 1];
+                            cache->iv_set_name = iv_name;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            cache->iv_set_name = 0;
+                        }
+
+                        vm_ic_attr_index_initialize(cache, INVALID_SHAPE_ID);
                     }
+
                 }
                 break;
               case TS_CALLDATA:
@@ -11709,15 +12231,36 @@ ibf_dump_ci_entries(struct ibf_dump *dump, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     return offset;
 }
 
+struct outer_variable_pair {
+    ID id;
+    VALUE name;
+    VALUE val;
+};
+
+struct outer_variable_list {
+    size_t num;
+    struct outer_variable_pair pairs[1];
+};
+
 static enum rb_id_table_iterator_result
-dump_outer_variable(ID id, VALUE val, void *dump)
+store_outer_variable(ID id, VALUE val, void *dump)
 {
-    ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, ibf_dump_id(dump, id));
-    ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, val);
-
+    struct outer_variable_list *ovlist = dump;
+    struct outer_variable_pair *pair = &ovlist->pairs[ovlist->num++];
+    pair->id = id;
+    pair->name = rb_id2str(id);
+    pair->val = val;
     return ID_TABLE_CONTINUE;
 }
 
+static int
+outer_variable_cmp(const void *a, const void *b, void *arg)
+{
+    const struct outer_variable_pair *ap = (const struct outer_variable_pair *)a;
+    const struct outer_variable_pair *bp = (const struct outer_variable_pair *)b;
+    return rb_str_cmp(ap->name, bp->name);
+}
+
 static ibf_offset_t
 ibf_dump_outer_variables(struct ibf_dump *dump, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
@@ -11725,12 +12268,24 @@ ibf_dump_outer_variables(struct ibf_dump *dump, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 
     ibf_offset_t offset = ibf_dump_pos(dump);
 
-    if (ovs) {
-        ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, (VALUE)rb_id_table_size(ovs));
-        rb_id_table_foreach(ovs, dump_outer_variable, (void *)dump);
-    }
-    else {
-        ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, (VALUE)0);
+    size_t size = ovs ? rb_id_table_size(ovs) : 0;
+    ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, (VALUE)size);
+    if (size > 0) {
+        VALUE buff;
+        size_t buffsize =
+            rb_size_mul_add_or_raise(sizeof(struct outer_variable_pair), size,
+                                     offsetof(struct outer_variable_list, pairs),
+                                     rb_eArgError);
+        struct outer_variable_list *ovlist = RB_ALLOCV(buff, buffsize);
+        ovlist->num = 0;
+        rb_id_table_foreach(ovs, store_outer_variable, ovlist);
+        ruby_qsort(ovlist->pairs, size, sizeof(struct outer_variable_pair), outer_variable_cmp, NULL);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+            ID id = ovlist->pairs[i].id;
+            ID val = ovlist->pairs[i].val;
+            ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, ibf_dump_id(dump, id));
+            ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, val);
+        }
     }
 
     return offset;
@@ -11761,6 +12316,7 @@ ibf_load_ci_entries(const struct ibf_load *load,
             int kwlen = (int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
             if (kwlen > 0) {
                 kwarg = rb_xmalloc_mul_add(kwlen, sizeof(VALUE), sizeof(struct rb_callinfo_kwarg));
+                kwarg->references = 0;
                 kwarg->keyword_len = kwlen;
                 for (int j=0; j<kwlen; j++) {
                     VALUE keyword = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
@@ -11915,8 +12471,7 @@ ibf_dump_iseq_each(struct ibf_dump *dump, const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, body->ic_size);
     ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, body->ci_size);
     ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, body->stack_max);
-    ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, body->catch_except_p);
-    ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, body->builtin_inline_p);
+    ibf_dump_write_small_value(dump, body->builtin_attrs);
 
 #undef IBF_BODY_OFFSET
 
@@ -12001,7 +12556,7 @@ ibf_load_iseq_each(struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t offset)
     const VALUE location_pathobj_index = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
     const VALUE location_base_label_index = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
     const VALUE location_label_index = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
-    const VALUE location_first_lineno = ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
+    const int location_first_lineno = (int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
     const int location_node_id = (int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
     const int location_code_location_beg_pos_lineno = (int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
     const int location_code_location_beg_pos_column = (int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
@@ -12028,8 +12583,41 @@ ibf_load_iseq_each(struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t offset)
 
     const unsigned int ci_size = (unsigned int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
     const unsigned int stack_max = (unsigned int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
-    const char catch_except_p = (char)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
-    const bool builtin_inline_p = (bool)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
+    const unsigned int builtin_attrs = (unsigned int)ibf_load_small_value(load, &reading_pos);
+
+    // setup fname and dummy frame
+    VALUE path = ibf_load_object(load, location_pathobj_index);
+    {
+        VALUE realpath = Qnil;
+
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(path, T_STRING)) {
+            realpath = path = rb_fstring(path);
+        }
+        else if (RB_TYPE_P(path, T_ARRAY)) {
+            VALUE pathobj = path;
+            if (RARRAY_LEN(pathobj) != 2) {
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "path object size mismatch");
+            }
+            path = rb_fstring(RARRAY_AREF(pathobj, 0));
+            realpath = RARRAY_AREF(pathobj, 1);
+            if (!NIL_P(realpath)) {
+                if (!RB_TYPE_P(realpath, T_STRING)) {
+                    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unexpected realpath %"PRIxVALUE
+                             "(%x), path=%+"PRIsVALUE,
+                             realpath, TYPE(realpath), path);
+                }
+                realpath = rb_fstring(realpath);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unexpected path object");
+        }
+        rb_iseq_pathobj_set(iseq, path, realpath);
+    }
+
+    // push dummy frame
+    rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
+    VALUE dummy_frame = rb_vm_push_frame_fname(ec, path);
 
 #undef IBF_BODY_OFFSET
 
@@ -12067,14 +12655,19 @@ ibf_load_iseq_each(struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t offset)
     load_body->location.code_location.beg_pos.column = location_code_location_beg_pos_column;
     load_body->location.code_location.end_pos.lineno = location_code_location_end_pos_lineno;
     load_body->location.code_location.end_pos.column = location_code_location_end_pos_column;
-    load_body->catch_except_p = catch_except_p;
-    load_body->builtin_inline_p = builtin_inline_p;
+    load_body->builtin_attrs = builtin_attrs;
 
     load_body->ivc_size             = ivc_size;
     load_body->icvarc_size          = icvarc_size;
     load_body->ise_size             = ise_size;
     load_body->ic_size              = ic_size;
-    load_body->is_entries           = ZALLOC_N(union iseq_inline_storage_entry, ISEQ_IS_SIZE(load_body));
+
+    if (ISEQ_IS_SIZE(load_body)) {
+        load_body->is_entries       = ZALLOC_N(union iseq_inline_storage_entry, ISEQ_IS_SIZE(load_body));
+    }
+    else {
+        load_body->is_entries       = NULL;
+    }
                                       ibf_load_ci_entries(load, ci_entries_offset, ci_size, &load_body->call_data);
     load_body->outer_variables      = ibf_load_outer_variables(load, outer_variables_offset);
     load_body->param.opt_table      = ibf_load_param_opt_table(load, param_opt_table_offset, param_opt_num);
@@ -12099,33 +12692,6 @@ ibf_load_iseq_each(struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t offset)
     load->current_buffer = &load->global_buffer;
 #endif
 
-    {
-        VALUE realpath = Qnil, path = ibf_load_object(load, location_pathobj_index);
-        if (RB_TYPE_P(path, T_STRING)) {
-            realpath = path = rb_fstring(path);
-        }
-        else if (RB_TYPE_P(path, T_ARRAY)) {
-            VALUE pathobj = path;
-            if (RARRAY_LEN(pathobj) != 2) {
-                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "path object size mismatch");
-            }
-            path = rb_fstring(RARRAY_AREF(pathobj, 0));
-            realpath = RARRAY_AREF(pathobj, 1);
-            if (!NIL_P(realpath)) {
-                if (!RB_TYPE_P(realpath, T_STRING)) {
-                    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unexpected realpath %"PRIxVALUE
-                             "(%x), path=%+"PRIsVALUE,
-                             realpath, TYPE(realpath), path);
-                }
-                realpath = rb_fstring(realpath);
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unexpected path object");
-        }
-        rb_iseq_pathobj_set(iseq, path, realpath);
-    }
-
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(iseq, &load_body->location.base_label,    ibf_load_location_str(load, location_base_label_index));
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(iseq, &load_body->location.label,         ibf_load_location_str(load, location_label_index));
 
@@ -12133,6 +12699,9 @@ ibf_load_iseq_each(struct ibf_load *load, rb_iseq_t *iseq, ibf_offset_t offset)
     load->current_buffer = saved_buffer;
 #endif
     verify_call_cache(iseq);
+
+    RB_GC_GUARD(dummy_frame);
+    rb_vm_pop_frame_no_int(ec);
 }
 
 struct ibf_dump_iseq_list_arg
@@ -12538,8 +13107,12 @@ ibf_load_object_bignum(const struct ibf_load *load, const struct ibf_object_head
     const struct ibf_object_bignum *bignum = IBF_OBJBODY(struct ibf_object_bignum, offset);
     int sign = bignum->slen > 0;
     ssize_t len = sign > 0 ? bignum->slen : -1 * bignum->slen;
-    VALUE obj = rb_integer_unpack(bignum->digits, len * 2, 2, 0,
-                                  INTEGER_PACK_LITTLE_ENDIAN | (sign == 0 ? INTEGER_PACK_NEGATIVE : 0));
+    const int big_unpack_flags = /* c.f. rb_big_unpack() */
+        INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST |
+        INTEGER_PACK_NATIVE_BYTE_ORDER;
+    VALUE obj = rb_integer_unpack(bignum->digits, len, sizeof(BDIGIT), 0,
+                                  big_unpack_flags |
+                                  (sign == 0 ? INTEGER_PACK_NEGATIVE : 0));
     if (header->internal) rb_obj_hide(obj);
     if (header->frozen)   rb_obj_freeze(obj);
     return obj;
@@ -12631,7 +13204,7 @@ ibf_load_object_symbol(const struct ibf_load *load, const struct ibf_object_head
 }
 
 typedef void (*ibf_dump_object_function)(struct ibf_dump *dump, VALUE obj);
-static ibf_dump_object_function dump_object_functions[RUBY_T_MASK+1] = {
+static const ibf_dump_object_function dump_object_functions[RUBY_T_MASK+1] = {
     ibf_dump_object_unsupported, /* T_NONE */
     ibf_dump_object_unsupported, /* T_OBJECT */
     ibf_dump_object_class,       /* T_CLASS */
@@ -12724,7 +13297,7 @@ ibf_dump_object_object(struct ibf_dump *dump, VALUE obj)
 }
 
 typedef VALUE (*ibf_load_object_function)(const struct ibf_load *load, const struct ibf_object_header *header, ibf_offset_t offset);
-static ibf_load_object_function load_object_functions[RUBY_T_MASK+1] = {
+static const ibf_load_object_function load_object_functions[RUBY_T_MASK+1] = {
     ibf_load_object_unsupported, /* T_NONE */
     ibf_load_object_unsupported, /* T_OBJECT */
     ibf_load_object_class,       /* T_CLASS */
@@ -12867,14 +13440,13 @@ ibf_dump_free(void *ptr)
         st_free_table(dump->iseq_table);
         dump->iseq_table = 0;
     }
-    ruby_xfree(dump);
 }
 
 static size_t
 ibf_dump_memsize(const void *ptr)
 {
     struct ibf_dump *dump = (struct ibf_dump *)ptr;
-    size_t size = sizeof(*dump);
+    size_t size = 0;
     if (dump->iseq_table) size += st_memsize(dump->iseq_table);
     if (dump->global_buffer.obj_table) size += st_memsize(dump->global_buffer.obj_table);
     return size;
@@ -12883,7 +13455,7 @@ ibf_dump_memsize(const void *ptr)
 static const rb_data_type_t ibf_dump_type = {
     "ibf_dump",
     {ibf_dump_mark, ibf_dump_free, ibf_dump_memsize,},
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static void
@@ -12919,7 +13491,6 @@ rb_iseq_ibf_dump(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE opt)
     ibf_dump_setup(dump, dump_obj);
 
     ibf_dump_write(dump, &header, sizeof(header));
-    ibf_dump_write(dump, RUBY_PLATFORM, strlen(RUBY_PLATFORM) + 1);
     ibf_dump_iseq(dump, iseq);
 
     header.magic[0] = 'Y'; /* YARB */
@@ -12928,6 +13499,8 @@ rb_iseq_ibf_dump(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE opt)
     header.magic[3] = 'B';
     header.major_version = IBF_MAJOR_VERSION;
     header.minor_version = IBF_MINOR_VERSION;
+    header.endian = IBF_ENDIAN_MARK;
+    header.wordsize = (uint8_t)SIZEOF_VALUE;
     ibf_dump_iseq_list(dump, &header);
     ibf_dump_object_list(dump, &header.global_object_list_offset, &header.global_object_list_size);
     header.size = ibf_dump_pos(dump);
@@ -12945,8 +13518,6 @@ rb_iseq_ibf_dump(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE opt)
     ibf_dump_overwrite(dump, &header, sizeof(header), 0);
 
     str = dump->global_buffer.str;
-    ibf_dump_free(dump);
-    DATA_PTR(dump_obj) = NULL;
     RB_GC_GUARD(dump_obj);
     return str;
 }
@@ -12977,7 +13548,7 @@ rb_ibf_load_iseq_complete(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 }
 
 #if USE_LAZY_LOAD
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED const rb_iseq_t *
+const rb_iseq_t *
 rb_iseq_complete(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
     rb_ibf_load_iseq_complete((rb_iseq_t *)iseq);
@@ -13020,16 +13591,12 @@ ibf_load_iseq(const struct ibf_load *load, const rb_iseq_t *index_iseq)
 #endif
             pinned_list_store(load->iseq_list, iseq_index, (VALUE)iseq);
 
-#if !USE_LAZY_LOAD
+            if (!USE_LAZY_LOAD || GET_VM()->builtin_function_table) {
 #if IBF_ISEQ_DEBUG
-            fprintf(stderr, "ibf_load_iseq: loading iseq=%p\n", (void *)iseq);
+                fprintf(stderr, "ibf_load_iseq: loading iseq=%p\n", (void *)iseq);
 #endif
-            rb_ibf_load_iseq_complete(iseq);
-#else
-            if (GET_VM()->builtin_function_table) {
                 rb_ibf_load_iseq_complete(iseq);
             }
-#endif /* !USE_LAZY_LOAD */
 
 #if IBF_ISEQ_DEBUG
             fprintf(stderr, "ibf_load_iseq: iseq=%p loaded %p\n",
@@ -13043,35 +13610,39 @@ ibf_load_iseq(const struct ibf_load *load, const rb_iseq_t *index_iseq)
 static void
 ibf_load_setup_bytes(struct ibf_load *load, VALUE loader_obj, const char *bytes, size_t size)
 {
+    struct ibf_header *header = (struct ibf_header *)bytes;
     load->loader_obj = loader_obj;
     load->global_buffer.buff = bytes;
-    load->header = (struct ibf_header *)load->global_buffer.buff;
-    load->global_buffer.size = load->header->size;
-    load->global_buffer.obj_list_offset = load->header->global_object_list_offset;
-    load->global_buffer.obj_list_size = load->header->global_object_list_size;
-    RB_OBJ_WRITE(loader_obj, &load->iseq_list, pinned_list_new(load->header->iseq_list_size));
+    load->header = header;
+    load->global_buffer.size = header->size;
+    load->global_buffer.obj_list_offset = header->global_object_list_offset;
+    load->global_buffer.obj_list_size = header->global_object_list_size;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(loader_obj, &load->iseq_list, pinned_list_new(header->iseq_list_size));
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(loader_obj, &load->global_buffer.obj_list, pinned_list_new(load->global_buffer.obj_list_size));
     load->iseq = NULL;
 
     load->current_buffer = &load->global_buffer;
 
-    if (size < load->header->size) {
+    if (size < header->size) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "broken binary format");
     }
-    if (strncmp(load->header->magic, "YARB", 4) != 0) {
+    if (strncmp(header->magic, "YARB", 4) != 0) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unknown binary format");
     }
-    if (load->header->major_version != IBF_MAJOR_VERSION ||
-        load->header->minor_version != IBF_MINOR_VERSION) {
+    if (header->major_version != IBF_MAJOR_VERSION ||
+        header->minor_version != IBF_MINOR_VERSION) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unmatched version file (%u.%u for %u.%u)",
-                 load->header->major_version, load->header->minor_version, IBF_MAJOR_VERSION, IBF_MINOR_VERSION);
+                 header->major_version, header->minor_version, IBF_MAJOR_VERSION, IBF_MINOR_VERSION);
     }
-    if (strcmp(load->global_buffer.buff + sizeof(struct ibf_header), RUBY_PLATFORM) != 0) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unmatched platform");
+    if (header->endian != IBF_ENDIAN_MARK) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unmatched endian: %c", header->endian);
     }
-    if (load->header->iseq_list_offset % RUBY_ALIGNOF(ibf_offset_t)) {
+    if (header->wordsize != SIZEOF_VALUE) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unmatched word size: %d", header->wordsize);
+    }
+    if (header->iseq_list_offset % RUBY_ALIGNOF(ibf_offset_t)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unaligned iseq list offset: %u",
-                 load->header->iseq_list_offset);
+                 header->iseq_list_offset);
     }
     if (load->global_buffer.obj_list_offset % RUBY_ALIGNOF(ibf_offset_t)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unaligned object list offset: %u",
@@ -13086,9 +13657,9 @@ ibf_load_setup(struct ibf_load *load, VALUE loader_obj, VALUE str)
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "broken binary format");
     }
 
-#if USE_LAZY_LOAD
-    str = rb_str_new(RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-#endif
+    if (USE_LAZY_LOAD) {
+        str = rb_str_new(RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+    }
 
     ibf_load_setup_bytes(load, loader_obj, StringValuePtr(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(loader_obj, &load->str, str);
@@ -13162,3 +13733,5 @@ rb_iseq_ibf_load_extra_data(VALUE str)
     RB_GC_GUARD(loader_obj);
     return extra_str;
 }
+
+#include "prism_compile.c"
diff --git a/complex.c b/complex.c
index ae40fa7355..d29189e367 100644
--- a/complex.c
+++ b/complex.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include "internal/numeric.h"
 #include "internal/object.h"
 #include "internal/rational.h"
+#include "internal/string.h"
 #include "ruby_assert.h"
 
 #define ZERO INT2FIX(0)
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@ f_negative_p(VALUE x)
 
 #define f_positive_p(x) (!f_negative_p(x))
 
-inline static int
+inline static bool
 f_zero_p(VALUE x)
 {
     if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(x)) {
@@ -329,7 +330,7 @@ f_zero_p(VALUE x)
         const VALUE num = RRATIONAL(x)->num;
         return FIXNUM_ZERO_P(num);
     }
-    return (int)rb_equal(x, ZERO);
+    return rb_equal(x, ZERO) != 0;
 }
 
 #define f_nonzero_p(x) (!f_zero_p(x))
@@ -391,7 +392,8 @@ k_numeric_p(VALUE x)
 inline static VALUE
 nucomp_s_new_internal(VALUE klass, VALUE real, VALUE imag)
 {
-    NEWOBJ_OF(obj, struct RComplex, klass, T_COMPLEX | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0));
+    NEWOBJ_OF(obj, struct RComplex, klass,
+            T_COMPLEX | (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0), sizeof(struct RComplex), 0);
 
     RCOMPLEX_SET_REAL(obj, real);
     RCOMPLEX_SET_IMAG(obj, imag);
@@ -421,15 +423,22 @@ f_complex_new_bang2(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE y)
     return nucomp_s_new_internal(klass, x, y);
 }
 
-inline static void
+WARN_UNUSED_RESULT(inline static VALUE nucomp_real_check(VALUE num));
+inline static VALUE
 nucomp_real_check(VALUE num)
 {
     if (!RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(num) &&
         !RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(num) &&
         !RB_TYPE_P(num, T_RATIONAL)) {
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(num, T_COMPLEX) && nucomp_real_p(num)) {
+            VALUE real = RCOMPLEX(num)->real;
+            assert(!RB_TYPE_P(real, T_COMPLEX));
+            return real;
+        }
         if (!k_numeric_p(num) || !f_real_p(num))
             rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "not a real");
     }
+    return num;
 }
 
 inline static VALUE
@@ -466,12 +475,19 @@ nucomp_s_canonicalize_internal(VALUE klass, VALUE real, VALUE imag)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    Complex.rect(real[, imag])         ->  complex
- *    Complex.rectangular(real[, imag])  ->  complex
+ *   Complex.rect(real, imag = 0) -> complex
+ *
+ * Returns a new \Complex object formed from the arguments,
+ * each of which must be an instance of Numeric,
+ * or an instance of one of its subclasses:
+ * \Complex, Float, Integer, Rational;
+ * see {Rectangular Coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates]:
  *
- * Returns a complex object which denotes the given rectangular form.
+ *   Complex.rect(3)             # => (3+0i)
+ *   Complex.rect(3, Math::PI)   # => (3+3.141592653589793i)
+ *   Complex.rect(-3, -Math::PI) # => (-3-3.141592653589793i)
  *
- *    Complex.rectangular(1, 2)  #=> (1+2i)
+ * \Complex.rectangular is an alias for \Complex.rect.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_s_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@@ -480,22 +496,26 @@ nucomp_s_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 
     switch (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &real, &imag)) {
       case 1:
-        nucomp_real_check(real);
+        real = nucomp_real_check(real);
         imag = ZERO;
         break;
       default:
-        nucomp_real_check(real);
-        nucomp_real_check(imag);
+        real = nucomp_real_check(real);
+        imag = nucomp_real_check(imag);
         break;
     }
 
-    return nucomp_s_canonicalize_internal(klass, real, imag);
+    return nucomp_s_new_internal(klass, real, imag);
 }
 
 inline static VALUE
 f_complex_new2(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE y)
 {
-    assert(!RB_TYPE_P(x, T_COMPLEX));
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(x, T_COMPLEX)) {
+        get_dat1(x);
+        x = dat->real;
+        y = f_add(dat->imag, y);
+    }
     return nucomp_s_canonicalize_internal(klass, x, y);
 }
 
@@ -504,39 +524,54 @@ static VALUE nucomp_s_convert(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass);
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    Complex(x[, y], exception: true)  ->  numeric or nil
- *
- * Returns x+i*y;
- *
- *    Complex(1, 2)    #=> (1+2i)
- *    Complex('1+2i')  #=> (1+2i)
- *    Complex(nil)     #=> TypeError
- *    Complex(1, nil)  #=> TypeError
- *
- *    Complex(1, nil, exception: false)  #=> nil
- *    Complex('1+2', exception: false)   #=> nil
- *
- * Syntax of string form:
- *
- *   string form = extra spaces , complex , extra spaces ;
- *   complex = real part | [ sign ] , imaginary part
- *           | real part , sign , imaginary part
- *           | rational , "@" , rational ;
- *   real part = rational ;
- *   imaginary part = imaginary unit | unsigned rational , imaginary unit ;
- *   rational = [ sign ] , unsigned rational ;
- *   unsigned rational = numerator | numerator , "/" , denominator ;
- *   numerator = integer part | fractional part | integer part , fractional part ;
- *   denominator = digits ;
- *   integer part = digits ;
- *   fractional part = "." , digits , [ ( "e" | "E" ) , [ sign ] , digits ] ;
- *   imaginary unit = "i" | "I" | "j" | "J" ;
- *   sign = "-" | "+" ;
- *   digits = digit , { digit | "_" , digit };
- *   digit = "0" | "1" | "2" | "3" | "4" | "5" | "6" | "7" | "8" | "9" ;
- *   extra spaces = ? \s* ? ;
- *
- * See String#to_c.
+ *   Complex(real, imag = 0, exception: true) -> complex or nil
+ *   Complex(s, exception: true) -> complex or nil
+ *
+ * Returns a new \Complex object if the arguments are valid;
+ * otherwise raises an exception if +exception+ is +true+;
+ * otherwise returns +nil+.
+ *
+ * With Numeric arguments +real+ and +imag+,
+ * returns <tt>Complex.rect(real, imag)</tt> if the arguments are valid.
+ *
+ * With string argument +s+, returns a new \Complex object if the argument is valid;
+ * the string may have:
+ *
+ * - One or two numeric substrings,
+ *   each of which specifies a Complex, Float, Integer, Numeric, or Rational value,
+ *   specifying {rectangular coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates]:
+ *
+ *   - Sign-separated real and imaginary numeric substrings
+ *     (with trailing character <tt>'i'</tt>):
+ *
+ *       Complex('1+2i')  # => (1+2i)
+ *       Complex('+1+2i') # => (1+2i)
+ *       Complex('+1-2i') # => (1-2i)
+ *       Complex('-1+2i') # => (-1+2i)
+ *       Complex('-1-2i') # => (-1-2i)
+ *
+ *   - Real-only numeric string (without trailing character <tt>'i'</tt>):
+ *
+ *       Complex('1')  # => (1+0i)
+ *       Complex('+1') # => (1+0i)
+ *       Complex('-1') # => (-1+0i)
+ *
+ *   - Imaginary-only numeric string (with trailing character <tt>'i'</tt>):
+ *
+ *       Complex('1i')  # => (0+1i)
+ *       Complex('+1i') # => (0+1i)
+ *       Complex('-1i') # => (0-1i)
+ *
+ * - At-sign separated real and imaginary rational substrings,
+ *   each of which specifies a Rational value,
+ *   specifying {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates]:
+ *
+ *     Complex('1/2@3/4')   # => (0.36584443443691045+0.34081938001166706i)
+ *     Complex('+1/2@+3/4') # => (0.36584443443691045+0.34081938001166706i)
+ *     Complex('+1/2@-3/4') # => (0.36584443443691045-0.34081938001166706i)
+ *     Complex('-1/2@+3/4') # => (-0.36584443443691045-0.34081938001166706i)
+ *     Complex('-1/2@-3/4') # => (-0.36584443443691045+0.34081938001166706i)
+ *
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_f_complex(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@@ -550,7 +585,7 @@ nucomp_f_complex(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
     if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
         raise = rb_opts_exception_p(opts, raise);
     }
-    if (argc > 0 && CLASS_OF(a1) == rb_cComplex && a2 == Qundef) {
+    if (argc > 0 && CLASS_OF(a1) == rb_cComplex && UNDEF_P(a2)) {
         return a1;
     }
     return nucomp_convert(rb_cComplex, a1, a2, raise);
@@ -607,10 +642,8 @@ m_sin(VALUE x)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-f_complex_polar(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE y)
+f_complex_polar_real(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE y)
 {
-    assert(!RB_TYPE_P(x, T_COMPLEX));
-    assert(!RB_TYPE_P(y, T_COMPLEX));
     if (f_zero_p(x) || f_zero_p(y)) {
         return nucomp_s_new_internal(klass, x, RFLOAT_0);
     }
@@ -646,6 +679,14 @@ f_complex_polar(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE y)
                                           f_mul(x, m_sin(y)));
 }
 
+static VALUE
+f_complex_polar(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE y)
+{
+    x = nucomp_real_check(x);
+    y = nucomp_real_check(y);
+    return f_complex_polar_real(klass, x, y);
+}
+
 #ifdef HAVE___COSPI
 # define cospi(x) __cospi(x)
 #else
@@ -680,48 +721,51 @@ rb_dbl_complex_new_polar_pi(double abs, double ang)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    Complex.polar(abs[, arg])  ->  complex
+ *   Complex.polar(abs, arg = 0) -> complex
+ *
+ * Returns a new \Complex object formed from the arguments,
+ * each of which must be an instance of Numeric,
+ * or an instance of one of its subclasses:
+ * \Complex, Float, Integer, Rational.
+ * Argument +arg+ is given in radians;
+ * see {Polar Coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates]:
  *
- * Returns a complex object which denotes the given polar form.
+ *   Complex.polar(3)        # => (3+0i)
+ *   Complex.polar(3, 2.0)   # => (-1.2484405096414273+2.727892280477045i)
+ *   Complex.polar(-3, -2.0) # => (1.2484405096414273+2.727892280477045i)
  *
- *    Complex.polar(3, 0)            #=> (3.0+0.0i)
- *    Complex.polar(3, Math::PI/2)   #=> (1.836909530733566e-16+3.0i)
- *    Complex.polar(3, Math::PI)     #=> (-3.0+3.673819061467132e-16i)
- *    Complex.polar(3, -Math::PI/2)  #=> (1.836909530733566e-16-3.0i)
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_s_polar(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 {
     VALUE abs, arg;
 
-    switch (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &abs, &arg)) {
-      case 1:
-        nucomp_real_check(abs);
-        return nucomp_s_new_internal(klass, abs, ZERO);
-      default:
-        nucomp_real_check(abs);
-        nucomp_real_check(arg);
-        break;
-    }
-    if (RB_TYPE_P(abs, T_COMPLEX)) {
-        get_dat1(abs);
-        abs = dat->real;
+    argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &abs, &arg);
+    abs = nucomp_real_check(abs);
+    if (argc == 2) {
+        arg = nucomp_real_check(arg);
     }
-    if (RB_TYPE_P(arg, T_COMPLEX)) {
-        get_dat1(arg);
-        arg = dat->real;
+    else {
+        arg = ZERO;
     }
-    return f_complex_polar(klass, abs, arg);
+    return f_complex_polar_real(klass, abs, arg);
 }
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.real  ->  real
+ *   real -> numeric
+ *
+ * Returns the real value for +self+:
+ *
+ *   Complex(7).real      #=> 7
+ *   Complex(9, -4).real  #=> 9
  *
- * Returns the real part.
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(1, Math::PI/4).real # => 0.7071067811865476 # Square root of 2.
  *
- *    Complex(7).real      #=> 7
- *    Complex(9, -4).real  #=> 9
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_real(VALUE self)
@@ -732,13 +776,19 @@ rb_complex_real(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.imag       ->  real
- *    cmp.imaginary  ->  real
+ *   imag -> numeric
  *
- * Returns the imaginary part.
+ * Returns the imaginary value for +self+:
  *
  *    Complex(7).imaginary      #=> 0
  *    Complex(9, -4).imaginary  #=> -4
+ *
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(1, Math::PI/4).imag # => 0.7071067811865476 # Square root of 2.
+ *
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_imag(VALUE self)
@@ -749,11 +799,13 @@ rb_complex_imag(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    -cmp  ->  complex
+ *   -complex -> new_complex
+ *
+ * Returns the negation of +self+, which is the negation of each of its parts:
  *
- * Returns negation of the value.
+ *   -Complex(1, 2)   # => (-1-2i)
+ *   -Complex(-1, -2) # => (1+2i)
  *
- *    -Complex(1, 2)  #=> (-1-2i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_uminus(VALUE self)
@@ -765,15 +817,16 @@ rb_complex_uminus(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp + numeric  ->  complex
+ *   complex + numeric -> new_complex
+ *
+ * Returns the sum of +self+ and +numeric+:
  *
- * Performs addition.
+ *   Complex(2, 3)  + Complex(2, 3)  # => (4+6i)
+ *   Complex(900)   + Complex(1)     # => (901+0i)
+ *   Complex(-2, 9) + Complex(-9, 2) # => (-11+11i)
+ *   Complex(9, 8)  + 4              # => (13+8i)
+ *   Complex(20, 9) + 9.8            # => (29.8+9i)
  *
- *    Complex(2, 3)  + Complex(2, 3)   #=> (4+6i)
- *    Complex(900)   + Complex(1)      #=> (901+0i)
- *    Complex(-2, 9) + Complex(-9, 2)  #=> (-11+11i)
- *    Complex(9, 8)  + 4               #=> (13+8i)
- *    Complex(20, 9) + 9.8             #=> (29.8+9i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_plus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -799,15 +852,16 @@ rb_complex_plus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp - numeric  ->  complex
+ *   complex - numeric -> new_complex
  *
- * Performs subtraction.
+ * Returns the difference of +self+ and +numeric+:
+ *
+ *   Complex(2, 3)  - Complex(2, 3)  # => (0+0i)
+ *   Complex(900)   - Complex(1)     # => (899+0i)
+ *   Complex(-2, 9) - Complex(-9, 2) # => (7+7i)
+ *   Complex(9, 8)  - 4              # => (5+8i)
+ *   Complex(20, 9) - 9.8            # => (10.2+9i)
  *
- *    Complex(2, 3)  - Complex(2, 3)   #=> (0+0i)
- *    Complex(900)   - Complex(1)      #=> (899+0i)
- *    Complex(-2, 9) - Complex(-9, 2)  #=> (7+7i)
- *    Complex(9, 8)  - 4               #=> (5+8i)
- *    Complex(20, 9) - 9.8             #=> (10.2+9i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_minus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -832,7 +886,7 @@ rb_complex_minus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-safe_mul(VALUE a, VALUE b, int az, int bz)
+safe_mul(VALUE a, VALUE b, bool az, bool bz)
 {
     double v;
     if (!az && bz && RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a) && (v = RFLOAT_VALUE(a), !isnan(v))) {
@@ -847,10 +901,10 @@ safe_mul(VALUE a, VALUE b, int az, int bz)
 static void
 comp_mul(VALUE areal, VALUE aimag, VALUE breal, VALUE bimag, VALUE *real, VALUE *imag)
 {
-    int arzero = f_zero_p(areal);
-    int aizero = f_zero_p(aimag);
-    int brzero = f_zero_p(breal);
-    int bizero = f_zero_p(bimag);
+    bool arzero = f_zero_p(areal);
+    bool aizero = f_zero_p(aimag);
+    bool brzero = f_zero_p(breal);
+    bool bizero = f_zero_p(bimag);
     *real = f_sub(safe_mul(areal, breal, arzero, brzero),
                   safe_mul(aimag, bimag, aizero, bizero));
     *imag = f_add(safe_mul(areal, bimag, arzero, bizero),
@@ -859,15 +913,16 @@ comp_mul(VALUE areal, VALUE aimag, VALUE breal, VALUE bimag, VALUE *real, VALUE
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp * numeric  ->  complex
+ *   complex * numeric -> new_complex
+ *
+ * Returns the product of +self+ and +numeric+:
  *
- * Performs multiplication.
+ *   Complex(2, 3)  * Complex(2, 3)  # => (-5+12i)
+ *   Complex(900)   * Complex(1)     # => (900+0i)
+ *   Complex(-2, 9) * Complex(-9, 2) # => (0-85i)
+ *   Complex(9, 8)  * 4              # => (36+32i)
+ *   Complex(20, 9) * 9.8            # => (196.0+88.2i)
  *
- *    Complex(2, 3)  * Complex(2, 3)   #=> (-5+12i)
- *    Complex(900)   * Complex(1)      #=> (900+0i)
- *    Complex(-2, 9) * Complex(-9, 2)  #=> (0-85i)
- *    Complex(9, 8)  * 4               #=> (36+32i)
- *    Complex(20, 9) * 9.8             #=> (196.0+88.2i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_mul(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -934,16 +989,16 @@ f_divide(VALUE self, VALUE other,
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp / numeric     ->  complex
- *    cmp.quo(numeric)  ->  complex
+ *   complex / numeric -> new_complex
  *
- * Performs division.
+ * Returns the quotient of +self+ and +numeric+:
+ *
+ *   Complex(2, 3)  / Complex(2, 3)  # => ((1/1)+(0/1)*i)
+ *   Complex(900)   / Complex(1)     # => ((900/1)+(0/1)*i)
+ *   Complex(-2, 9) / Complex(-9, 2) # => ((36/85)-(77/85)*i)
+ *   Complex(9, 8)  / 4              # => ((9/4)+(2/1)*i)
+ *   Complex(20, 9) / 9.8            # => (2.0408163265306123+0.9183673469387754i)
  *
- *    Complex(2, 3)  / Complex(2, 3)   #=> ((1/1)+(0/1)*i)
- *    Complex(900)   / Complex(1)      #=> ((900/1)+(0/1)*i)
- *    Complex(-2, 9) / Complex(-9, 2)  #=> ((36/85)-(77/85)*i)
- *    Complex(9, 8)  / 4               #=> ((9/4)+(2/1)*i)
- *    Complex(20, 9) / 9.8             #=> (2.0408163265306123+0.9183673469387754i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_div(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -955,11 +1010,12 @@ rb_complex_div(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.fdiv(numeric)  ->  complex
+ *   fdiv(numeric) -> new_complex
+ *
+ * Returns <tt>Complex(self.real/numeric, self.imag/numeric)</tt>:
  *
- * Performs division as each part is a float, never returns a float.
+ *   Complex(11, 22).fdiv(3) # => (3.6666666666666665+7.333333333333333i)
  *
- *    Complex(11, 22).fdiv(3)  #=> (3.6666666666666665+7.333333333333333i)
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_fdiv(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -973,14 +1029,93 @@ f_reciprocal(VALUE x)
     return f_quo(ONE, x);
 }
 
+static VALUE
+zero_for(VALUE x)
+{
+    if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(x))
+        return DBL2NUM(0);
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(x, T_RATIONAL))
+        return rb_rational_new(INT2FIX(0), INT2FIX(1));
+
+    return INT2FIX(0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+complex_pow_for_special_angle(VALUE self, VALUE other)
+{
+    if (!rb_integer_type_p(other)) {
+        return Qundef;
+    }
+
+    get_dat1(self);
+    VALUE x = Qundef;
+    int dir;
+    if (f_zero_p(dat->imag)) {
+        x = dat->real;
+        dir = 0;
+    }
+    else if (f_zero_p(dat->real)) {
+        x = dat->imag;
+        dir = 2;
+    }
+    else if (f_eqeq_p(dat->real, dat->imag)) {
+        x = dat->real;
+        dir = 1;
+    }
+    else if (f_eqeq_p(dat->real, f_negate(dat->imag))) {
+        x = dat->imag;
+        dir = 3;
+    }
+
+    if (x == Qundef) return x;
+
+    if (f_negative_p(x)) {
+        x = f_negate(x);
+        dir += 4;
+    }
+
+    VALUE zx;
+    if (dir % 2 == 0) {
+        zx = rb_num_pow(x, other);
+    }
+    else {
+        zx = rb_num_pow(
+            rb_funcall(rb_int_mul(TWO, x), '*', 1, x),
+            rb_int_div(other, TWO)
+        );
+        if (rb_int_odd_p(other)) {
+            zx = rb_funcall(zx, '*', 1, x);
+        }
+    }
+    static const int dirs[][2] = {
+        {1, 0}, {1, 1}, {0, 1}, {-1, 1}, {-1, 0}, {-1, -1}, {0, -1}, {1, -1}
+    };
+    int z_dir = FIX2INT(rb_int_modulo(rb_int_mul(INT2FIX(dir), other), INT2FIX(8)));
+
+    VALUE zr = Qfalse, zi = Qfalse;
+    switch (dirs[z_dir][0]) {
+      case 0: zr = zero_for(zx); break;
+      case 1: zr = zx; break;
+      case -1: zr = f_negate(zx); break;
+    }
+    switch (dirs[z_dir][1]) {
+      case 0: zi = zero_for(zx); break;
+      case 1: zi = zx; break;
+      case -1: zi = f_negate(zx); break;
+    }
+    return nucomp_s_new_internal(CLASS_OF(self), zr, zi);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp ** numeric  ->  complex
+ *   complex ** numeric -> new_complex
+ *
+ * Returns +self+ raised to power +numeric+:
  *
- * Performs exponentiation.
+ *   Complex('i') ** 2             # => (-1+0i)
+ *   Complex(-8) ** Rational(1, 3) # => (1.0000000000000002+1.7320508075688772i)
  *
- *    Complex('i') ** 2              #=> (-1+0i)
- *    Complex(-8) ** Rational(1, 3)  #=> (1.0000000000000002+1.7320508075688772i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_pow(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -998,6 +1133,14 @@ rb_complex_pow(VALUE self, VALUE other)
             other = dat->real; /* c14n */
     }
 
+    if (other == ONE) {
+        get_dat1(self);
+        return nucomp_s_new_internal(CLASS_OF(self), dat->real, dat->imag);
+    }
+
+    VALUE result = complex_pow_for_special_angle(self, other);
+    if (result != Qundef) return result;
+
     if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_COMPLEX)) {
         VALUE r, theta, nr, ntheta;
 
@@ -1070,15 +1213,13 @@ rb_complex_pow(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp == object  ->  true or false
+ *   complex == object -> true or false
  *
- * Returns true if cmp equals object numerically.
+ * Returns +true+ if <tt>self.real == object.real</tt>
+ * and <tt>self.imag == object.imag</tt>:
+ *
+ *   Complex(2, 3)  == Complex(2.0, 3.0)      # => true
  *
- *    Complex(2, 3)  == Complex(2, 3)   #=> true
- *    Complex(5)     == 5               #=> true
- *    Complex(0)     == 0.0             #=> true
- *    Complex('1/3') == 0.33            #=> false
- *    Complex('1/2') == '1/2'           #=> false
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_eqeq_p(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -1101,22 +1242,31 @@ static bool
 nucomp_real_p(VALUE self)
 {
     get_dat1(self);
-    return(f_zero_p(dat->imag) ? true : false);
+    return f_zero_p(dat->imag);
 }
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp <=> object  ->  0, 1, -1, or nil
+ *   complex <=> object -> -1, 0, 1, or nil
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *
+ * - <tt>self.real <=> object.real</tt> if both of the following are true:
  *
- * If +cmp+'s imaginary part is zero, and +object+ is also a
- * real number (or a Complex number where the imaginary part is zero),
- * compare the real part of +cmp+ to object.  Otherwise, return nil.
+ *   - <tt>self.imag == 0</tt>.
+ *   - <tt>object.imag == 0</tt>. # Always true if object is numeric but not complex.
+ *
+ * - +nil+ otherwise.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *   Complex(2) <=> 3             # => -1
+ *   Complex(2) <=> 2             # => 0
+ *   Complex(2) <=> 1             # => 1
+ *   Complex(2, 1) <=> 1          # => nil # self.imag not zero.
+ *   Complex(1) <=> Complex(1, 1) # => nil # object.imag not zero.
+ *   Complex(1) <=> 'Foo'         # => nil # object.imag not defined.
  *
- *    Complex(2, 3)  <=> Complex(2, 3)   #=> nil
- *    Complex(2, 3)  <=> 1               #=> nil
- *    Complex(2)     <=> 1               #=> 1
- *    Complex(2)     <=> 2               #=> 0
- *    Complex(2)     <=> 3               #=> -1
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -1124,15 +1274,23 @@ nucomp_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
     if (!k_numeric_p(other)) {
         return rb_num_coerce_cmp(self, other, idCmp);
     }
-    if (nucomp_real_p(self)) {
-        if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_COMPLEX) && nucomp_real_p(other)) {
+    if (!nucomp_real_p(self)) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_COMPLEX)) {
+        if (nucomp_real_p(other)) {
             get_dat2(self, other);
             return rb_funcall(adat->real, idCmp, 1, bdat->real);
         }
-        else if (f_real_p(other)) {
-            get_dat1(self);
+    }
+    else {
+        get_dat1(self);
+        if (f_real_p(other)) {
             return rb_funcall(dat->real, idCmp, 1, other);
         }
+        else {
+            return rb_num_coerce_cmp(dat->real, other, idCmp);
+        }
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
@@ -1153,13 +1311,19 @@ nucomp_coerce(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.abs        ->  real
- *    cmp.magnitude  ->  real
+ *   abs -> float
+ *
+ * Returns the absolute value (magnitude) for +self+;
+ * see {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates]:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(-1, 0).abs # => 1.0
  *
- * Returns the absolute part of its polar form.
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {rectangular coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.rectangular(1, 1).abs # => 1.4142135623730951 # The square root of 2.
  *
- *    Complex(-1).abs         #=> 1
- *    Complex(3.0, -4.0).abs  #=> 5.0
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_abs(VALUE self)
@@ -1183,12 +1347,19 @@ rb_complex_abs(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.abs2  ->  real
+ *   abs2 -> float
+ *
+ * Returns square of the absolute value (magnitude) for +self+;
+ * see {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates]:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(2, 2).abs2 # => 4.0
  *
- * Returns square of the absolute value.
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {rectangular coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.rectangular(1.0/3, 1.0/3).abs2 # => 0.2222222222222222
  *
- *    Complex(-1).abs2         #=> 1
- *    Complex(3.0, -4.0).abs2  #=> 25.0
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_abs2(VALUE self)
@@ -1200,13 +1371,19 @@ nucomp_abs2(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.arg    ->  float
- *    cmp.angle  ->  float
- *    cmp.phase  ->  float
+ *   arg -> float
+ *
+ * Returns the argument (angle) for +self+ in radians;
+ * see {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates]:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(3, Math::PI/2).arg  # => 1.57079632679489660
  *
- * Returns the angle part of its polar form.
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {rectangular coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(1, 1.0/3).arg # => 0.33333333333333326
  *
- *    Complex.polar(3, Math::PI/2).arg  #=> 1.5707963267948966
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_arg(VALUE self)
@@ -1217,12 +1394,22 @@ rb_complex_arg(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.rect         ->  array
- *    cmp.rectangular  ->  array
+ *   rect -> array
+ *
+ * Returns the array <tt>[self.real, self.imag]</tt>:
+ *
+ *   Complex.rect(1, 2).rect # => [1, 2]
  *
- * Returns an array; [cmp.real, cmp.imag].
+ * See {Rectangular Coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates].
  *
- *    Complex(1, 2).rectangular  #=> [1, 2]
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {polar coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(1.0, 1.0).rect # => [0.5403023058681398, 0.8414709848078965]
+ *
+ *
+ * Complex#rectangular is an alias for Complex#rect.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_rect(VALUE self)
@@ -1233,11 +1420,20 @@ nucomp_rect(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.polar  ->  array
+ *   polar -> array
+ *
+ * Returns the array <tt>[self.abs, self.arg]</tt>:
+ *
+ *   Complex.polar(1, 2).polar # => [1.0, 2.0]
+ *
+ * See {Polar Coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Polar+Coordinates].
  *
- * Returns an array; [cmp.abs, cmp.arg].
+ * If +self+ was created with
+ * {rectangular coordinates}[rdoc-ref:Complex@Rectangular+Coordinates], the returned value
+ * is computed, and may be inexact:
+ *
+ *   Complex.rect(1, 1).polar # => [1.4142135623730951, 0.7853981633974483]
  *
- *    Complex(1, 2).polar  #=> [2.23606797749979, 1.1071487177940904]
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_polar(VALUE self)
@@ -1247,12 +1443,12 @@ nucomp_polar(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.conj       ->  complex
- *    cmp.conjugate  ->  complex
+ *   conj -> complex
+ *
+ * Returns the conjugate of +self+, <tt>Complex.rect(self.imag, self.real)</tt>:
  *
- * Returns the complex conjugate.
+ *   Complex.rect(1, 2).conj # => (1-2i)
  *
- *    Complex(1, 2).conjugate  #=> (1-2i)
  */
 VALUE
 rb_complex_conjugate(VALUE self)
@@ -1263,10 +1459,9 @@ rb_complex_conjugate(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    Complex(1).real?     ->  false
- *    Complex(1, 2).real?  ->  false
+ *   real? -> false
  *
- * Returns false, even if the complex number has no imaginary part.
+ * Returns +false+; for compatibility with Numeric#real?.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_real_p_m(VALUE self)
@@ -1276,11 +1471,17 @@ nucomp_real_p_m(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.denominator  ->  integer
+ *   denominator -> integer
+ *
+ * Returns the denominator of +self+, which is
+ * the {least common multiple}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_common_multiple]
+ * of <tt>self.real.denominator</tt> and <tt>self.imag.denominator</tt>:
  *
- * Returns the denominator (lcm of both denominator - real and imag).
+ *   Complex.rect(Rational(1, 2), Rational(2, 3)).denominator # => 6
  *
- * See numerator.
+ * Note that <tt>n.denominator</tt> of a non-rational numeric is +1+.
+ *
+ * Related: Complex#numerator.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_denominator(VALUE self)
@@ -1291,21 +1492,23 @@ nucomp_denominator(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.numerator  ->  numeric
+ *   numerator -> new_complex
+ *
+ * Returns the \Complex object created from the numerators
+ * of the real and imaginary parts of +self+,
+ * after converting each part to the
+ * {lowest common denominator}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowest_common_denominator]
+ * of the two:
  *
- * Returns the numerator.
+ *   c = Complex(Rational(2, 3), Rational(3, 4)) # => ((2/3)+(3/4)*i)
+ *   c.numerator                                 # => (8+9i)
  *
- *        1   2       3+4i  <-  numerator
- *        - + -i  ->  ----
- *        2   3        6    <-  denominator
+ * In this example, the lowest common denominator of the two parts is 12;
+ * the two converted parts may be thought of as \Rational(8, 12) and \Rational(9, 12),
+ * whose numerators, respectively, are 8 and 9;
+ * so the returned value of <tt>c.numerator</tt> is <tt>Complex(8, 9)</tt>.
  *
- *    c = Complex('1/2+2/3i')  #=> ((1/2)+(2/3)*i)
- *    n = c.numerator          #=> (3+4i)
- *    d = c.denominator        #=> 6
- *    n / d                    #=> ((1/2)+(2/3)*i)
- *    Complex(Rational(n.real, d), Rational(n.imag, d))
- *                             #=> ((1/2)+(2/3)*i)
- * See denominator.
+ * Related: Complex#denominator.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_numerator(VALUE self)
@@ -1338,6 +1541,18 @@ rb_complex_hash(VALUE self)
     return v;
 }
 
+/*
+ * :call-seq:
+ *   hash -> integer
+ *
+ * Returns the integer hash value for +self+.
+ *
+ * Two \Complex objects created from the same values will have the same hash value
+ * (and will compare using #eql?):
+ *
+ *   Complex(1, 2).hash == Complex(1, 2).hash # => true
+ *
+ */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_hash(VALUE self)
 {
@@ -1398,15 +1613,16 @@ f_format(VALUE self, VALUE (*func)(VALUE))
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.to_s  ->  string
+ *   to_s -> string
+ *
+ * Returns a string representation of +self+:
  *
- * Returns the value as a string.
+ *   Complex(2).to_s                      # => "2+0i"
+ *   Complex('-8/6').to_s                 # => "-4/3+0i"
+ *   Complex('1/2i').to_s                 # => "0+1/2i"
+ *   Complex(0, Float::INFINITY).to_s     # => "0+Infinity*i"
+ *   Complex(Float::NAN, Float::NAN).to_s # => "NaN+NaN*i"
  *
- *    Complex(2).to_s                       #=> "2+0i"
- *    Complex('-8/6').to_s                  #=> "-4/3+0i"
- *    Complex('1/2i').to_s                  #=> "0+1/2i"
- *    Complex(0, Float::INFINITY).to_s      #=> "0+Infinity*i"
- *    Complex(Float::NAN, Float::NAN).to_s  #=> "NaN+NaN*i"
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_to_s(VALUE self)
@@ -1416,15 +1632,16 @@ nucomp_to_s(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.inspect  ->  string
+ *   inspect -> string
  *
- * Returns the value as a string for inspection.
+ * Returns a string representation of +self+:
+ *
+ *   Complex(2).inspect                      # => "(2+0i)"
+ *   Complex('-8/6').inspect                 # => "((-4/3)+0i)"
+ *   Complex('1/2i').inspect                 # => "(0+(1/2)*i)"
+ *   Complex(0, Float::INFINITY).inspect     # => "(0+Infinity*i)"
+ *   Complex(Float::NAN, Float::NAN).inspect # => "(NaN+NaN*i)"
  *
- *    Complex(2).inspect                       #=> "(2+0i)"
- *    Complex('-8/6').inspect                  #=> "((-4/3)+0i)"
- *    Complex('1/2i').inspect                  #=> "(0+(1/2)*i)"
- *    Complex(0, Float::INFINITY).inspect      #=> "(0+Infinity*i)"
- *    Complex(Float::NAN, Float::NAN).inspect  #=> "(NaN+NaN*i)"
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_inspect(VALUE self)
@@ -1442,10 +1659,15 @@ nucomp_inspect(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.finite?  ->  true or false
+ *   finite? -> true or false
+ *
+ * Returns +true+ if both <tt>self.real.finite?</tt> and <tt>self.imag.finite?</tt>
+ * are true, +false+ otherwise:
+ *
+ *   Complex(1, 1).finite?               # => true
+ *   Complex(Float::INFINITY, 0).finite? # => false
  *
- * Returns +true+ if +cmp+'s real and imaginary parts are both finite numbers,
- * otherwise returns +false+.
+ * Related: Numeric#finite?, Float#finite?.
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_complex_finite_p(VALUE self)
@@ -1457,15 +1679,15 @@ rb_complex_finite_p(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.infinite?  ->  nil or 1
+ *   infinite? -> 1 or nil
  *
- * Returns +1+ if +cmp+'s real or imaginary part is an infinite number,
- * otherwise returns +nil+.
+ * Returns +1+ if either <tt>self.real.infinite?</tt> or <tt>self.imag.infinite?</tt>
+ * is true, +nil+ otherwise:
  *
- *  For example:
+ *   Complex(Float::INFINITY, 0).infinite? # => 1
+ *   Complex(1, 1).infinite?               # => nil
  *
- *     (1+1i).infinite?                   #=> nil
- *     (Float::INFINITY + 1i).infinite?   #=> 1
+ * Related: Numeric#infinite?, Float#infinite?.
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_complex_infinite_p(VALUE self)
@@ -1563,14 +1785,15 @@ rb_dbl_complex_new(double real, double imag)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.to_i  ->  integer
+ *   to_i -> integer
+ *
+ * Returns the value of <tt>self.real</tt> as an Integer, if possible:
  *
- * Returns the value as an integer if possible (the imaginary part
- * should be exactly zero).
+ *   Complex(1, 0).to_i              # => 1
+ *   Complex(1, Rational(0, 1)).to_i # => 1
  *
- *    Complex(1, 0).to_i    #=> 1
- *    Complex(1, 0.0).to_i  # RangeError
- *    Complex(1, 2).to_i    # RangeError
+ * Raises RangeError if <tt>self.imag</tt> is not exactly zero
+ * (either <tt>Integer(0)</tt> or <tt>Rational(0, _n_)</tt>).
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_to_i(VALUE self)
@@ -1586,14 +1809,15 @@ nucomp_to_i(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.to_f  ->  float
+ *   to_f -> float
+ *
+ * Returns the value of <tt>self.real</tt> as a Float, if possible:
  *
- * Returns the value as a float if possible (the imaginary part should
- * be exactly zero).
+ *   Complex(1, 0).to_f              # => 1.0
+ *   Complex(1, Rational(0, 1)).to_f # => 1.0
  *
- *    Complex(1, 0).to_f    #=> 1.0
- *    Complex(1, 0.0).to_f  # RangeError
- *    Complex(1, 2).to_f    # RangeError
+ * Raises RangeError if <tt>self.imag</tt> is not exactly zero
+ * (either <tt>Integer(0)</tt> or <tt>Rational(0, _n_)</tt>).
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_to_f(VALUE self)
@@ -1609,16 +1833,17 @@ nucomp_to_f(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.to_r  ->  rational
+ *   to_r -> rational
  *
- * Returns the value as a rational if possible (the imaginary part
- * should be exactly zero).
+ * Returns the value of <tt>self.real</tt> as a Rational, if possible:
  *
- *    Complex(1, 0).to_r    #=> (1/1)
- *    Complex(1, 0.0).to_r  # RangeError
- *    Complex(1, 2).to_r    # RangeError
+ *   Complex(1, 0).to_r              # => (1/1)
+ *   Complex(1, Rational(0, 1)).to_r # => (1/1)
  *
- * See rationalize.
+ * Raises RangeError if <tt>self.imag</tt> is not exactly zero
+ * (either <tt>Integer(0)</tt> or <tt>Rational(0, _n_)</tt>).
+ *
+ * Related: Complex#rationalize.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_to_r(VALUE self)
@@ -1634,16 +1859,35 @@ nucomp_to_r(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    cmp.rationalize([eps])  ->  rational
- *
- * Returns the value as a rational if possible (the imaginary part
- * should be exactly zero).
- *
- *    Complex(1.0/3, 0).rationalize  #=> (1/3)
- *    Complex(1, 0.0).rationalize    # RangeError
- *    Complex(1, 2).rationalize      # RangeError
- *
- * See to_r.
+ *   rationalize(epsilon = nil) -> rational
+ *
+ * Returns a Rational object whose value is exactly or approximately
+ * equivalent to that of <tt>self.real</tt>.
+ *
+ * With no argument +epsilon+ given, returns a \Rational object
+ * whose value is exactly equal to that of <tt>self.real.rationalize</tt>:
+ *
+ *   Complex(1, 0).rationalize              # => (1/1)
+ *   Complex(1, Rational(0, 1)).rationalize # => (1/1)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize        # => (314159/100000)
+ *
+ * With argument +epsilon+ given, returns a \Rational object
+ * whose value is exactly or approximately equal to that of <tt>self.real</tt>
+ * to the given precision:
+ *
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.1)          # => (16/5)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.01)         # => (22/7)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.001)        # => (201/64)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.0001)       # => (333/106)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.00001)      # => (355/113)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.000001)     # => (7433/2366)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.0000001)    # => (9208/2931)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.00000001)   # => (47460/15107)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.000000001)  # => (76149/24239)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.0000000001) # => (314159/100000)
+ *   Complex(3.14159, 0).rationalize(0.0)          # => (3537115888337719/1125899906842624)
+ *
+ * Related: Complex#to_r.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_rationalize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -1661,12 +1905,9 @@ nucomp_rationalize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    complex.to_c  ->  self
- *
- * Returns self.
+ *   to_c -> self
  *
- *    Complex(2).to_c      #=> (2+0i)
- *    Complex(-8, 6).to_c  #=> (-8+6i)
+ * Returns +self+.
  */
 static VALUE
 nucomp_to_c(VALUE self)
@@ -1676,9 +1917,12 @@ nucomp_to_c(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    nil.to_c  ->  (0+0i)
+ *   to_c -> (0+0i)
+ *
+ * Returns zero as a Complex:
+ *
+ *   nil.to_c # => (0+0i)
  *
- * Returns zero as a complex.
  */
 static VALUE
 nilclass_to_c(VALUE self)
@@ -1688,9 +1932,9 @@ nilclass_to_c(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    num.to_c  ->  complex
+ *   to_c -> complex
  *
- * Returns the value as a complex.
+ * Returns +self+ as a Complex object.
  */
 static VALUE
 numeric_to_c(VALUE self)
@@ -1735,9 +1979,9 @@ read_digits(const char **s, int strict,
 
     while (isdecimal(**s) || **s == '_') {
         if (**s == '_') {
-            if (strict) {
-                if (us)
-                    return 0;
+            if (us) {
+                if (strict) return 0;
+                break;
             }
             us = 1;
         }
@@ -1970,23 +2214,14 @@ string_to_c_strict(VALUE self, int raise)
 
     rb_must_asciicompat(self);
 
-    s = RSTRING_PTR(self);
-
-    if (!s || memchr(s, '\0', RSTRING_LEN(self))) {
-        if (!raise) return Qnil;
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "string contains null byte");
+    if (raise) {
+        s = StringValueCStr(self);
     }
-
-    if (s && s[RSTRING_LEN(self)]) {
-        rb_str_modify(self);
-        s = RSTRING_PTR(self);
-        s[RSTRING_LEN(self)] = '\0';
+    else if (!(s = rb_str_to_cstr(self))) {
+        return Qnil;
     }
 
-    if (!s)
-        s = (char *)"";
-
-    if (!parse_comp(s, 1, &num)) {
+    if (!parse_comp(s, TRUE, &num)) {
         if (!raise) return Qnil;
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid value for convert(): %+"PRIsVALUE,
                  self);
@@ -1997,47 +2232,39 @@ string_to_c_strict(VALUE self, int raise)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    str.to_c  ->  complex
- *
- * Returns a complex which denotes the string form.  The parser
- * ignores leading whitespaces and trailing garbage.  Any digit
- * sequences can be separated by an underscore.  Returns zero for null
- * or garbage string.
- *
- *    '9'.to_c           #=> (9+0i)
- *    '2.5'.to_c         #=> (2.5+0i)
- *    '2.5/1'.to_c       #=> ((5/2)+0i)
- *    '-3/2'.to_c        #=> ((-3/2)+0i)
- *    '-i'.to_c          #=> (0-1i)
- *    '45i'.to_c         #=> (0+45i)
- *    '3-4i'.to_c        #=> (3-4i)
- *    '-4e2-4e-2i'.to_c  #=> (-400.0-0.04i)
- *    '-0.0-0.0i'.to_c   #=> (-0.0-0.0i)
- *    '1/2+3/4i'.to_c    #=> ((1/2)+(3/4)*i)
- *    'ruby'.to_c        #=> (0+0i)
- *
- * See Kernel.Complex.
+ *   to_c -> complex
+ *
+ * Returns +self+ interpreted as a Complex object;
+ * leading whitespace and trailing garbage are ignored:
+ *
+ *   '9'.to_c                 # => (9+0i)
+ *   '2.5'.to_c               # => (2.5+0i)
+ *   '2.5/1'.to_c             # => ((5/2)+0i)
+ *   '-3/2'.to_c              # => ((-3/2)+0i)
+ *   '-i'.to_c                # => (0-1i)
+ *   '45i'.to_c               # => (0+45i)
+ *   '3-4i'.to_c              # => (3-4i)
+ *   '-4e2-4e-2i'.to_c        # => (-400.0-0.04i)
+ *   '-0.0-0.0i'.to_c         # => (-0.0-0.0i)
+ *   '1/2+3/4i'.to_c          # => ((1/2)+(3/4)*i)
+ *   '1.0@0'.to_c             # => (1+0.0i)
+ *   "1.0@#{Math::PI/2}".to_c # => (0.0+1i)
+ *   "1.0@#{Math::PI}".to_c   # => (-1+0.0i)
+ *
+ * Returns \Complex zero if the string cannot be converted:
+ *
+ *   'ruby'.to_c        # => (0+0i)
+ *
+ * See Kernel#Complex.
  */
 static VALUE
 string_to_c(VALUE self)
 {
-    char *s;
     VALUE num;
 
     rb_must_asciicompat(self);
 
-    s = RSTRING_PTR(self);
-
-    if (s && s[RSTRING_LEN(self)]) {
-        rb_str_modify(self);
-        s = RSTRING_PTR(self);
-        s[RSTRING_LEN(self)] = '\0';
-    }
-
-    if (!s)
-        s = (char *)"";
-
-    (void)parse_comp(s, 0, &num);
+    (void)parse_comp(rb_str_fill_terminator(self, 1), FALSE, &num);
 
     return num;
 }
@@ -2085,11 +2312,11 @@ nucomp_convert(VALUE klass, VALUE a1, VALUE a2, int raise)
     }
 
     if (RB_TYPE_P(a1, T_COMPLEX)) {
-        if (a2 == Qundef || (k_exact_zero_p(a2)))
+        if (UNDEF_P(a2) || (k_exact_zero_p(a2)))
             return a1;
     }
 
-    if (a2 == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(a2)) {
         if (k_numeric_p(a1) && !f_real_p(a1))
             return a1;
         /* should raise exception for consistency */
@@ -2111,7 +2338,7 @@ nucomp_convert(VALUE klass, VALUE a1, VALUE a2, int raise)
         int argc;
         VALUE argv2[2];
         argv2[0] = a1;
-        if (a2 == Qundef) {
+        if (UNDEF_P(a2)) {
             argv2[1] = Qnil;
             argc = 1;
         }
@@ -2139,34 +2366,9 @@ nucomp_s_convert(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    num.real  ->  self
- *
- * Returns self.
- */
-static VALUE
-numeric_real(VALUE self)
-{
-    return self;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    num.imag       ->  0
- *    num.imaginary  ->  0
- *
- * Returns zero.
- */
-static VALUE
-numeric_imag(VALUE self)
-{
-    return INT2FIX(0);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    num.abs2  ->  real
+ *   abs2 -> real
  *
- * Returns square of self.
+ * Returns the square of +self+.
  */
 static VALUE
 numeric_abs2(VALUE self)
@@ -2176,11 +2378,9 @@ numeric_abs2(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    num.arg    ->  0 or float
- *    num.angle  ->  0 or float
- *    num.phase  ->  0 or float
+ *   arg -> 0 or Math::PI
  *
- * Returns 0 if the value is positive, pi otherwise.
+ * Returns zero if +self+ is positive, Math::PI otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
 numeric_arg(VALUE self)
@@ -2192,10 +2392,9 @@ numeric_arg(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    num.rect  ->  array
- *    num.rectangular  ->  array
+ *   rect -> array
  *
- * Returns an array; [num, 0].
+ * Returns array <tt>[self, 0]</tt>.
  */
 static VALUE
 numeric_rect(VALUE self)
@@ -2205,9 +2404,9 @@ numeric_rect(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    num.polar  ->  array
+ *   polar -> array
  *
- * Returns an array; [num.abs, num.arg].
+ * Returns array <tt>[self.abs, self.arg]</tt>.
  */
 static VALUE
 numeric_polar(VALUE self)
@@ -2235,24 +2434,9 @@ numeric_polar(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    num.conj       ->  self
- *    num.conjugate  ->  self
+ *   arg -> 0 or Math::PI
  *
- * Returns self.
- */
-static VALUE
-numeric_conj(VALUE self)
-{
-    return self;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    flo.arg    ->  0 or float
- *    flo.angle  ->  0 or float
- *    flo.phase  ->  0 or float
- *
- * Returns 0 if the value is positive, pi otherwise.
+ * Returns 0 if +self+ is positive, Math::PI otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
 float_arg(VALUE self)
@@ -2265,45 +2449,63 @@ float_arg(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * A complex number can be represented as a paired real number with
- * imaginary unit; a+bi.  Where a is real part, b is imaginary part
- * and i is imaginary unit.  Real a equals complex a+0i
- * mathematically.
+ * A \Complex object houses a pair of values,
+ * given when the object is created as either <i>rectangular coordinates</i>
+ * or <i>polar coordinates</i>.
+ *
+ * == Rectangular Coordinates
+ *
+ * The rectangular coordinates of a complex number
+ * are called the _real_ and _imaginary_ parts;
+ * see {Complex number definition}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number#Definition].
+ *
+ * You can create a \Complex object from rectangular coordinates with:
+ *
+ * - A {complex literal}[rdoc-ref:doc/syntax/literals.rdoc@Complex+Literals].
+ * - \Method Complex.rect.
+ * - \Method Kernel#Complex, either with numeric arguments or with certain string arguments.
+ * - \Method String#to_c, for certain strings.
+ *
+ * Note that each of the stored parts may be a an instance one of the classes
+ * Complex, Float, Integer, or Rational;
+ * they may be retrieved:
+ *
+ * - Separately, with methods Complex#real and Complex#imaginary.
+ * - Together, with method Complex#rect.
+ *
+ * The corresponding (computed) polar values may be retrieved:
  *
- * You can create a \Complex object explicitly with:
+ * - Separately, with methods Complex#abs and Complex#arg.
+ * - Together, with method Complex#polar.
  *
- * - A {complex literal}[rdoc-ref:syntax/literals.rdoc@Complex+Literals].
+ * == Polar Coordinates
  *
- * You can convert certain objects to \Complex objects with:
+ * The polar coordinates of a complex number
+ * are called the _absolute_ and _argument_ parts;
+ * see {Complex polar plane}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number#Polar_complex_plane].
  *
- * - \Method #Complex.
+ * In this class, the argument part
+ * in expressed {radians}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian]
+ * (not {degrees}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)]).
  *
- * Complex object can be created as literal, and also by using
- * Kernel#Complex, Complex::rect, Complex::polar or to_c method.
+ * You can create a \Complex object from polar coordinates with:
  *
- *    2+1i                 #=> (2+1i)
- *    Complex(1)           #=> (1+0i)
- *    Complex(2, 3)        #=> (2+3i)
- *    Complex.polar(2, 3)  #=> (-1.9799849932008908+0.2822400161197344i)
- *    3.to_c               #=> (3+0i)
+ * - \Method Complex.polar.
+ * - \Method Kernel#Complex, with certain string arguments.
+ * - \Method String#to_c, for certain strings.
  *
- * You can also create complex object from floating-point numbers or
- * strings.
+ * Note that each of the stored parts may be a an instance one of the classes
+ * Complex, Float, Integer, or Rational;
+ * they may be retrieved:
  *
- *    Complex(0.3)         #=> (0.3+0i)
- *    Complex('0.3-0.5i')  #=> (0.3-0.5i)
- *    Complex('2/3+3/4i')  #=> ((2/3)+(3/4)*i)
- *    Complex('1@2')       #=> (-0.4161468365471424+0.9092974268256817i)
+ * - Separately, with methods Complex#abs and Complex#arg.
+ * - Together, with method Complex#polar.
  *
- *    0.3.to_c             #=> (0.3+0i)
- *    '0.3-0.5i'.to_c      #=> (0.3-0.5i)
- *    '2/3+3/4i'.to_c      #=> ((2/3)+(3/4)*i)
- *    '1@2'.to_c           #=> (-0.4161468365471424+0.9092974268256817i)
+ * The corresponding (computed) rectangular values may be retrieved:
  *
- * A complex object is either an exact or an inexact number.
+ * - Separately, with methods Complex#real and Complex#imag.
+ * - Together, with method Complex#rect.
  *
- *    Complex(1, 1) / 2    #=> ((1/2)+(1/2)*i)
- *    Complex(1, 1) / 2.0  #=> (0.5+0.5i)
  */
 void
 Init_Complex(void)
@@ -2411,9 +2613,6 @@ Init_Complex(void)
 
     rb_define_private_method(CLASS_OF(rb_cComplex), "convert", nucomp_s_convert, -1);
 
-    rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "real", numeric_real, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "imaginary", numeric_imag, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "imag", numeric_imag, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "abs2", numeric_abs2, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "arg", numeric_arg, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "angle", numeric_arg, 0);
@@ -2421,15 +2620,17 @@ Init_Complex(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "rectangular", numeric_rect, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "rect", numeric_rect, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "polar", numeric_polar, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "conjugate", numeric_conj, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cNumeric, "conj", numeric_conj, 0);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cFloat, "arg", float_arg, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFloat, "angle", float_arg, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFloat, "phase", float_arg, 0);
 
     /*
-     * The imaginary unit.
+     * Equivalent
+     * to <tt>Complex(0, 1)</tt>:
+     *
+     *   Complex::I # => (0+1i)
+     *
      */
     rb_define_const(rb_cComplex, "I",
                     f_complex_new_bang2(rb_cComplex, ZERO, ONE));
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 0f4a31af7e..18b4247991 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -47,11 +47,22 @@ m4_include([tool/m4/ruby_universal_arch.m4])dnl
 m4_include([tool/m4/ruby_wasm_tools.m4])dnl
 m4_include([tool/m4/ruby_werror_flag.m4])dnl
 
+AS_IF([test "x${GITHUB_ACTIONS}" = xtrue],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_COLORIZE_RESULT_PREPARE])dnl
+dnl 93(bright yellow) is copied from .github/workflows/mingw.yml
+    begin_group() { AS_ECHO(["::group::@<:@93m$[]1@<:@m"]);}
+    end_group() { AS_ECHO(["::endgroup::"]);}
+],
+[dnl
+    begin_group() { :;}
+    end_group() { :;}
+])
+
 AC_ARG_VAR([cflags], [additional CFLAGS (ignored when CFLAGS is given)])dnl
 AC_ARG_VAR([cppflags], [additional CPPFLAGS (ignored when CPPFLAGS is given)])dnl
 AC_ARG_VAR([cxxflags], [additional CXXFLAGS (ignored when CXXFLAGS is given)])dnl
 
-: "environment section" && {
+[begin]_group "environment section" && {
 HAVE_BASERUBY=yes
 BASERUBY_VERSION=
 AC_ARG_WITH(baseruby,
@@ -64,14 +75,22 @@ AC_ARG_WITH(baseruby,
 	[
 		AC_PATH_PROG([BASERUBY], [ruby], [false])
 	])
-AS_IF([test "$HAVE_BASERUBY" != no -a "`RUBYOPT=- $BASERUBY --disable=gems -e 'print 42 if RUBY_VERSION > "2.2"' 2>/dev/null`" = 42], [
-    BASERUBY="$BASERUBY --disable=gems"
+# BASERUBY must be >= 2.5.0. Note that `"2.5.0" > "2.5"` is true.
+AS_IF([test "$HAVE_BASERUBY" != no -a "`RUBYOPT=- $BASERUBY --disable=gems -e 'print 42 if RUBY_VERSION > "2.5"' 2>/dev/null`" = 42], [
+    AS_CASE(["$build_os"], [mingw*], [
+        # Can MSys shell run a command with a drive letter?
+        RUBYOPT=- `cygpath -ma "$BASERUBY"` --disable=gems -e exit 2>/dev/null || HAVE_BASERUBY=no
+    ])
+    RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(BASERUBY, "--disable=gems")
     BASERUBY_VERSION=`$BASERUBY -v`
     $BASERUBY -C "$srcdir" tool/downloader.rb -d tool -e gnu config.guess config.sub >&AS_MESSAGE_FD
 ], [
-    BASERUBY="echo executable host ruby is required.  use --with-baseruby option.; false"
     HAVE_BASERUBY=no
 ])
+AS_IF([test "$HAVE_BASERUBY" = no], [
+    AS_IF([test "$cross_compiling" = yes], [AC_MSG_ERROR([executable host ruby is required for cross-compiling])])
+    BASERUBY=$srcdir/tool/missing-baseruby.bat
+])
 AC_SUBST(BASERUBY)
 AC_SUBST(HAVE_BASERUBY)
 
@@ -125,9 +144,12 @@ AC_CANONICAL_TARGET
 AS_CASE(["$target_cpu-$target_os"],
     [aarch64-darwin*], [
         target_cpu=arm64
-        AS_CASE(["$target_vendor"], [unknown], [target_vendor=apple target=${target/-unknown-/-apple-}])
-        target="${target/aarch64/arm64}"
-        target_alias="${target_alias/aarch64/arm64}"
+        AS_CASE(["$target_vendor"], [unknown], [
+            target_vendor=apple
+            target=${target%%-unknown-*}-apple-${target@%:@*-unknown-}
+        ])
+        target="arm64-${target@%:@aarch64-}"
+        AS_IF([test -n "$target_alias"], [target_alias="arm64-${target_alias@%:@aarch64-}"])
     ])
 
 AC_ARG_PROGRAM
@@ -203,7 +225,7 @@ AS_CASE(["/${rb_CC} "],
 [*clang*],            [
     # Ditto for LLVM.  Note however that llvm-as is a LLVM-IR to LLVM bitcode
     # assembler that does not target your machine native binary.
-    : ${LD:="${CC}"}         # ... try -fuse-ld=lld ?
+    RUBY_CHECK_PROG_FOR_CC([LD],      [s/clang/ld/]) # ... maybe try lld ?
     RUBY_CHECK_PROG_FOR_CC([AR],      [s/clang/llvm-ar/])
 #   RUBY_CHECK_PROG_FOR_CC([AS],      [s/clang/llvm-as/])
     RUBY_CHECK_PROG_FOR_CC([CXX],     [s/clang/clang++/])
@@ -222,9 +244,15 @@ AS_CASE(["${build_os}"],
 ],
 [aix*], [
     AC_PATH_TOOL([NM], [nm], [/usr/ccs/bin/nm], [/usr/ccs/bin:$PATH])
+],
+[darwin*], [
+    # For Apple clang version 14.0.3 (clang-1403.0.22.14.1)
+    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_AR=`$CC -print-prog-name=ar`
+    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_LD=`$CC -print-prog-name=ld`
+    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_NM=`$CC -print-prog-name=nm`
 ])
 AS_CASE(["${target_os}"],
-[cygwin*|msys*|mingw*], [
+[cygwin*|msys*|mingw*|darwin*], [
     ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_OBJCOPY=":"
 ])
 
@@ -243,10 +271,14 @@ AC_CHECK_TOOLS([AR],      [gar ar])
 AC_CHECK_TOOLS([AS],      [gas as])
 AC_CHECK_TOOLS([LD],      [gld ld]) # ... try gold ?
 AC_CHECK_TOOLS([NM],      [gnm nm])
-AC_CHECK_TOOLS([OBJCOPY], [gobjcopy objcopy])
+AC_CHECK_TOOLS([OBJCOPY], [gobjcopy objcopy], [:])
 AC_CHECK_TOOLS([OBJDUMP], [gobjdump objdump])
 AC_CHECK_TOOLS([STRIP],   [gstrip strip], [:])
 
+# nm errors with Rust's LLVM bitcode when Rust uses a newer LLVM version than nm.
+# In case we're working with llvm-nm, tell it to not worry about the bitcode.
+AS_IF([${NM} --help | grep -q 'llvm-bc'], [NM="$NM --no-llvm-bc"])
+
 AS_IF([test ! $rb_test_CFLAGS], [AS_UNSET(CFLAGS)]); AS_UNSET(rb_test_CFLAGS)
 AS_IF([test ! $rb_test_CXXFLAGS], [AS_UNSET(CXXFLAGS)]); AS_UNSET(rb_save_CXXFLAGS)
 
@@ -355,12 +387,6 @@ AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
 	AC_MSG_ERROR([Unsupported OS X version is required])])
-    AC_CACHE_CHECK([if thread-local storage is supported], [rb_cv_tls_supported],
-	[AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[int __thread conftest;]])],
-	    [rb_cv_tls_supported=yes],
-	    [rb_cv_tls_supported=no])])
-    AS_IF([test x"$rb_cv_tls_supported" != xyes],
-	[AC_DEFINE(RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER_IS_UNSUPPORTED)])
 ])
 
 RUBY_MINGW32
@@ -394,29 +420,17 @@ AC_SUBST(OUTFLAG)
 AC_SUBST(COUTFLAG)
 AC_SUBST(CSRCFLAG)
 
-: ${MJIT_CC=$CC}
-AS_IF([test "x$cross_compiling" = xno], [
-    AC_PATH_PROG([MJIT_CC], ${MJIT_CC})
-
-    # if $CC is in /usr/lib/ccache/$CC, search original $CC (disable ccache)
-    AS_IF([echo $RUBY_DEBUG | grep ci > /dev/null &&
-           echo $MJIT_CC | grep ^/usr/lib/ccache > /dev/null], [
-           PATH=`echo $PATH | sed "s/\/usr\/lib\/ccache://"` MJIT_CC=`which $CC`])
-
-    AS_CASE([$target_os],
-	[*mingw*], [command -v cygpath > /dev/null && MJIT_CC=`cygpath -ma $MJIT_CC`])
-    shift 2
-    MJIT_CC="$MJIT_CC${1+ }$*"
-])
-
 AS_CASE(["$build_os"],
-  [darwin1*.*], [
+  [darwin*], [
+    # gcc 13 warns duplicate -l options, which are added by the
+    # default spec.
     # Xcode linker warns for deprecated architecture and wrongly
     # installed TBD files.
-    CC_WRAPPER=""
+    CC_WRAPPER="" CC_NO_WRAPPER="$CC"
     echo 'int main(void) {return 0;}' > conftest.c
     AS_IF([$CC -framework Foundation -o conftest conftest.c 2>&1 |
-	   grep '^ld: warning: text-based stub file' >/dev/null], [
+	   grep -e '^ld: warning: ignoring duplicate libraries:' \
+	        -e '^ld: warning: text-based stub file' >/dev/null], [
 	CC_WRAPPER=`cd -P "${tooldir}" && pwd`/darwin-cc
 	CC="$CC_WRAPPER $CC"
     ])
@@ -447,7 +461,7 @@ AC_SUBST(CC_VERSION_MESSAGE, $cc_version_message)
 : ${DLDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"}
 
 RUBY_UNIVERSAL_ARCH
-AS_IF([test "$target_cpu" != "$host_cpu" -a "$GCC" = yes -a "$cross_compiling" = no -a "${universal_binary:-no}" = no], [
+AS_IF([test "$target_cpu" != "$host_cpu" -a "$GCC" = yes -a "${universal_binary:-no}" = no], [
     RUBY_DEFAULT_ARCH("$target_cpu")
 ])
 host_os=$target_os
@@ -490,7 +504,9 @@ AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
 	AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(RUBY_MSVCRT_VERSION, $RT_VER)
 	sysconfdir=
     ])
+    rb_cv_binary_elf=no
     : ${enable_shared=yes}
+    AS_IF([$WINDRES --version | grep LLVM > /dev/null], [USE_LLVM_WINDRES=yes], [USE_LLVM_WINDRES=no])
     ],
 [hiuxmpp*], [AC_DEFINE(__HIUX_MPP__)])    # by TOYODA Eizi <toyoda@npd.kishou.go.jp>
 
@@ -512,11 +528,16 @@ AS_IF([test "$cross_compiling:$ac_cv_prog_DTRACE" = no: -a -n "$ac_tool_prefix"]
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(DOT, dot)
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(DOXYGEN, doxygen)
 
-for prog in ${ac_tool_prefix:+${ac_tool_prefix}pkg-config} pkg-config; do
-    AC_CHECK_PROG(PKG_CONFIG, $prog, [$prog], [], [],
-        [`"$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" --print-errors --version > /dev/null 2>&1 || echo "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"`])
-    test -z "${PKG_CONFIG}" || break
-done
+tool_warned=$ac_tool_warned ac_tool_warned=no
+AC_CHECK_TOOL(PKG_CONFIG, pkg-config)
+ac_tool_warned=$tool_warned
+AS_IF([test -z "$PKG_CONFIG"], [],
+["$PKG_CONFIG" --print-errors --version > /dev/null 2>&1], [],
+[
+    unset ac_cv_prog_PKG_CONFIG
+    PKG_CONFIG=
+    AC_MSG_WARN([$PKG_CONFIG does not work; ignore])
+])
 
 AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether it is Android])
 AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[
@@ -569,7 +590,7 @@ AC_MSG_RESULT([$CHDIR])
 AC_SUBST(CHDIR)
 }
 
-: "compiler section" && {
+[begin]_group "compiler section" && {
 RUBY_WERROR_FLAG([
     AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether CFLAGS is valid])
     AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[]], [[]])],
@@ -599,22 +620,39 @@ RUBY_WERROR_FLAG([
     cd .. && rm -fr tmp.$$.try_link
 ])
 
-: ${RPATHFLAG=''}
-rpathflag=''
-AS_IF([test x"${RPATHFLAG}" = x], [
-    AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
+: "rpath" && {
+    AC_CACHE_CHECK(whether ELF binaries are produced, rb_cv_binary_elf,
+        [AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[]], [[]])],[
+            AS_CASE(["`head -1 conftest$EXEEXT | tr -dc '\177ELF' | tr '\177' .`"],
+            [.ELF*], [rb_cv_binary_elf=yes], [rb_cv_binary_elf=no])],
+            [rb_cv_binary_elf=no])])
+
+    rpathflag=''
+    AS_IF([test x"${RPATHFLAG=}" = x], [
+	AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
 	[aix*], [rpathflag='-blibpath:'],
-	[for rpathflag in -R "-rpath "; do
+	[for rpathflag in "-rpath " -R; do
 	    AS_CASE("$rpathflag",
 		    [*" "], [AS_CASE(["${linker_flag}"],
 				     [*,], [rpathflag=`echo "$rpathflag" | tr ' ' ,`])])
 	    rpathflag="${linker_flag}${rpathflag}"
 	    RUBY_TRY_LDFLAGS([${rpathflag}.], [], [rpathflag=])
-	    AS_IF([test "x${rpathflag}" != x], [])
+	    AS_IF([test "x${rpathflag}" != x], [break])
         done])
-], [
-    rpathflag=`echo "$RPATHFLAG" | sed 's/%.*//'`
-])
+    ], [
+        rpathflag=`echo "$RPATHFLAG" | sed 's/%.*//'`
+    ])
+
+    AC_ARG_ENABLE(rpath,
+        AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-rpath], [embed run path into extension libraries.
+        enabled by default on ELF platforms]),
+        [enable_rpath=$enableval], [enable_rpath="$rb_cv_binary_elf"])
+
+    AS_IF([test "$enable_rpath:${RPATHFLAG}" = yes:], [
+        RPATHFLAG="${rpathflag:+ ${rpathflag}%1\$-s}"
+    ])
+    AS_CASE([${RPATHFLAG}],[*'%1$'*],[: ${LIBPATHFLAG=' -L%1$-s'}],[: ${LIBPATHFLAG=' -L%s'}])
+}
 
 RUBY_TRY_LDFLAGS(-fdeclspec, [fdeclspec=yes], [fdeclspec=no])
 AS_IF([test "$fdeclspec" = yes], [
@@ -647,6 +685,10 @@ AS_CASE(["$GCC:${warnflags+set}:${extra_warnflags:+set}:"],
     AS_IF([test $gcc_major -le 6], [
 	extra_warnflags="$extra_warnflags -Wno-maybe-uninitialized"
     ])
+    AS_CASE([ $CFLAGS ], [*" -save-temps="*|*" -save-temps "*], [], [
+	extra_warnflags="$extra_warnflags -Werror=misleading-indentation"
+    ])
+
     # ICC doesn't support -Werror=
     AS_IF([test $icc_version -gt 0], [
 	particular_werror_flags=no
@@ -658,7 +700,6 @@ AS_CASE(["$GCC:${warnflags+set}:${extra_warnflags:+set}:"],
 		 -Werror=duplicated-cond \
 		 -Werror=implicit-function-declaration \
 		 -Werror=implicit-int \
-		 -Werror=misleading-indentation \
 		 -Werror=pointer-arith \
 		 -Werror=shorten-64-to-32 \
 		 -Werror=write-strings \
@@ -757,15 +798,14 @@ AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
 				 [disable -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 option, which causes link error on mingw]),
 		  [fortify_source=$enableval])
     AS_IF([test "x$fortify_source" != xno], [
-        RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS([$optflags -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2], [RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(XCFLAGS, -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2)], [],
+        RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS([$optflags -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2],
+                        [RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(XCFLAGS, -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2)], [],
                         [@%:@include <stdio.h>])
     ])
 
-    : ${MJIT_HEADER_FLAGS='-P -dD'}
-
     # -fstack-protector
     AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
-    [mingw*|emscripten*|wasi*], [
+    [emscripten*|wasi*], [
 	stack_protector=no
     ])
     AS_IF([test -z "${stack_protector+set}"], [
@@ -777,6 +817,8 @@ AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
 	    AS_IF([test "x$stack_protector" = xyes], [stack_protector=option; break])
 	])
     ])
+    AC_MSG_CHECKING([for -fstack-protector])
+    AC_MSG_RESULT(["$stack_protector"])
     AS_CASE(["$stack_protector"], [-*], [
 	RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(XCFLAGS, $stack_protector)
 	RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(XLDFLAGS, $stack_protector)
@@ -788,7 +830,10 @@ AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
 	AS_FOR(option, opt, [-mbranch-protection=pac-ret -msign-return-address=all], [
             RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS(option, [branch_protection=yes], [branch_protection=no])
             AS_IF([test "x$branch_protection" = xyes], [
+                # C compiler and assembler must be consistent for -mbranch-protection
+                # since they both check `__ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT` definition.
                 RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(XCFLAGS, option)
+                RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(ASFLAGS, option)
                 break
             ])
         ])
@@ -842,33 +887,6 @@ AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
       # need lgamma_r()
     ])
 
-    # ANSI (no XCFLAGS because this is C only)
-    AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
-    [solaris*], [
-      # Because "-std=gnu99" affects existence of functions on Solaris,
-      # "-std=gnu99" will be appended to CPPFLAGS.
-	for ansi_options in -std=gnu99; do
-	    RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS(${ansi_options}, [
-		RUBY_APPEND_OPTIONS(CPPFLAGS, ${ansi_options})
-	    ], [ansi_options=])
-	    test "x${ansi_options}" = x || break
-	done
-    ],
-    [
-      # ANSI (no XCFLAGS because this is C only)
-      rb_tmp_std_check=`echo $CC $CFLAGS $optflags $warnflags $debugflags | fgrep std= | tr -d  '\015'`
-      AS_IF([test "x$rb_tmp_std_check" = "x"],
-      [
-	for ansi_options in -std=gnu99; do
-	    RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS(${ansi_options}, [
-		RUBY_APPEND_OPTIONS(warnflags, ${ansi_options})
-		RUBY_APPEND_OPTIONS(strict_warnflags, ${ansi_options})
-	    ], [ansi_options=])
-	    test "x${ansi_options}" = x || break
-	done
-      ])
-    ])
-
     # suppress annoying -Wstrict-overflow warnings
     RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS(-fno-strict-overflow, [RUBY_APPEND_OPTION(XCFLAGS, -fno-strict-overflow)])
 
@@ -891,7 +909,6 @@ AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
     ], [
 	RUBY_TRY_LDFLAGS([-Wl,-unexported_symbol,_Init_*], [visibility_option=ld], [visibility_option=no])
     ])
-    test "$visibility_option" = no || OBJCOPY=:
 ])
 
 AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
@@ -931,17 +948,35 @@ AS_CASE(["$target_cpu"], [[i[3-6]86*]], [
     AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_gcc_compiler_cas" = i486], [ARCH_FLAG="-march=i486"])
 ])
 
+OPT_DIR=
+AC_ARG_WITH([gmp-dir],
+  AS_HELP_STRING([--with-gmp-dir=DIR],
+                 [specify the prefix directory where gmp is installed]),
+  [OPT_DIR="${OPT_DIR:+$OPT_DIR$PATH_SEPARATOR}$withval"], [])
+AC_ARG_WITH([gmp],
+  [AS_HELP_STRING([--without-gmp],
+                  [disable GNU GMP to accelerate Bignum operations])],
+  [], [with_gmp=yes])
+
 AC_ARG_WITH(opt-dir,
 	AS_HELP_STRING([--with-opt-dir=DIR-LIST],
 		       [add optional headers and libraries directories separated by $PATH_SEPARATOR]),
-	[
-		val=`echo "$PATH_SEPARATOR$withval" | sed "s|$PATH_SEPARATOR\([[^$PATH_SEPARATOR]*]\)| -I\1/include|g;s/^ //"`
-		CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS $val"
-		val=`echo "$PATH_SEPARATOR$withval" | sed "s|$PATH_SEPARATOR\([[^$PATH_SEPARATOR]*]\)| -L\1/lib${rpathflag:+ $rpathflag\\\\1/lib}|g;s/^ //"`
-		LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS $val"
-		LDFLAGS_OPTDIR="$val"
-		OPT_DIR="$withval"
-	], [OPT_DIR=])
+	[OPT_DIR="${OPT_DIR:+$OPT_DIR$PATH_SEPARATOR}$withval"], [])
+
+AS_IF([test "x$OPT_DIR" != x], [
+    val=`IFS="$PATH_SEPARATOR"
+        for dir in $OPT_DIR; do
+            test -z "$dir" && continue
+            echo x ${LIBPATHFLAG} ${RPATHFLAG} |
+            sed "s/^x *//;s${IFS}"'%1\\$-s'"${IFS}${dir}/lib${IFS}g;s${IFS}%s${IFS}${dir}/lib${IFS}g"
+        done | tr '\012' ' ' | sed 's/ *$//'`
+    LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS:+$LDFLAGS }$val"
+    DLDFLAGS="${DLDFLAGS:+$DLDFLAGS }$val"
+    LDFLAGS_OPTDIR="$val"
+    INCFLAGS="${INCFLAGS:+$INCFLAGS }"`echo "$OPT_DIR" | tr "${PATH_SEPARATOR}" '\012' |
+        sed '/^$/d;s|^|-I|;s|$|/include|' | tr '\012' ' ' | sed 's/ *$//'`
+])
+AC_SUBST(incflags, "$INCFLAGS")
 
 test -z "${ac_env_CFLAGS_set}" -a -n "${cflags+set}" && eval CFLAGS="\"$cflags $ARCH_FLAG\""
 test -z "${ac_env_CXXFLAGS_set}" -a -n "${cxxflags+set}" && eval CXXFLAGS="\"$cxxflags $ARCH_FLAG\""
@@ -956,7 +991,7 @@ AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_have_stmt_and_decl_in_expr" = yes], [
   AC_DEFINE(HAVE_STMT_AND_DECL_IN_EXPR)
 ])
 
-: "header and library section" && {
+[begin]_group "header and library section" && {
 AC_ARG_WITH(winnt-ver,
   AS_HELP_STRING([--with-winnt-ver=0xXXXX], [target Windows NT version (default to 0x0600)]),
   [with_winnt_ver="$withval"], [with_winnt_ver="0x0600"])
@@ -1059,12 +1094,18 @@ main()
 		])
 		POSTLINK=""
 		AC_CHECK_PROGS(codesign, codesign)
-		AC_CHECK_PROGS(dsymutil, dsymutil)
+		dsymutils=
+		AS_CASE("$CC_NO_WRAPPER", [gcc*-1[[3-9]]], [
+		    dsymutils=${CC_NO_WRAPPER@%:@gcc}
+		    dsymutils=dsymutil${dsymutils%-1*}
+		    dsymutils="$dsymutils-19 $dsymutils-18 $dsymutils-17"
+		])
+		AC_CHECK_PROGS(dsymutil, $dsymutils dsymutil)
 		AS_IF([test -n "$codesign"], [
 		    POSTLINK="{ test -z '\$(RUBY_CODESIGN)' || $codesign -s '\$(RUBY_CODESIGN)' -f \$@; }${POSTLINK:+; $POSTLINK}"
 		])
 		AS_IF([test -n "$dsymutil"], [
-		    POSTLINK="$dsymutil \$@${POSTLINK:+; $POSTLINK}"
+		    POSTLINK="$dsymutil \$@ 2>/dev/null${POSTLINK:+; $POSTLINK}"
 		])
 		AS_IF([test -n "${POSTLINK}"], [
 		    LINK_SO="$LINK_SO
@@ -1160,7 +1201,6 @@ main()
 		ac_cv_func_getpgrp_void=no
 		ac_cv_func_memcmp_working=yes
 		ac_cv_lib_dl_dlopen=no
-		rb_cv_binary_elf=no
 		rb_cv_negative_time_t=yes
 		ac_cv_func_fcntl=yes
 		ac_cv_func_flock=yes
@@ -1212,7 +1252,7 @@ main()
 		AS_CASE(["$target_cpu"], [powerpc64*], [
 			ac_cv_func___builtin_setjmp=no
 		])
-		# With gcc-8's -fcf-protection, MJIT's __builtin_longjmp fails.
+		# With gcc-8's -fcf-protection, RJIT's __builtin_longjmp fails.
 		AS_CASE(["$CC $CFLAGS "], [*" -fcf-protection "*], [cf_protection=yes], [cf_protection=no])
 		AS_IF([test "$cf_protection" = yes], [
 			ac_cv_func___builtin_setjmp=no
@@ -1263,6 +1303,11 @@ dnl AC_HEADER_STDC has been checked in AC_USE_SYSTEM_EXTENSIONS
 AC_HEADER_STDBOOL
 AC_HEADER_SYS_WAIT
 
+AC_CHECK_HEADERS([afunix.h], [], [],
+[#ifdef _WIN32
+# include <winsock2.h>
+#endif
+])
 AC_CHECK_HEADERS(atomic.h)
 AC_CHECK_HEADERS(copyfile.h)
 AC_CHECK_HEADERS(direct.h)
@@ -1309,16 +1354,14 @@ AC_CHECK_HEADERS(syscall.h)
 AC_CHECK_HEADERS(time.h)
 AC_CHECK_HEADERS(ucontext.h)
 AC_CHECK_HEADERS(utime.h)
+AC_CHECK_HEADERS(sys/epoll.h)
+AC_CHECK_HEADERS(sys/event.h)
+
 AS_CASE("$target_cpu", [x64|x86_64|i[3-6]86*], [
   AC_CHECK_HEADERS(x86intrin.h)
 ])
 RUBY_UNIVERSAL_CHECK_HEADER([x86_64, i386], x86intrin.h)
 
-AC_ARG_WITH([gmp],
-  [AS_HELP_STRING([--without-gmp],
-    [disable GNU GMP to accelerate Bignum operations])],
-  [],
-  [with_gmp=yes])
 AS_IF([test "x$with_gmp" != xno],
   [AC_CHECK_HEADERS(gmp.h)
    AS_IF([test "x$ac_cv_header_gmp_h" != xno],
@@ -1447,6 +1490,25 @@ RUBY_CHECK_SIZEOF(float)
 RUBY_CHECK_SIZEOF(double)
 RUBY_CHECK_SIZEOF(time_t, [long "long long"], [], [@%:@include <time.h>])
 RUBY_CHECK_SIZEOF(clock_t, [], [], [@%:@include <time.h>])
+AC_SUBST(X_BUILTIN_BINARY, yes)
+AS_IF([test "$cross_compiling" = yes],
+[dnl miniruby cannot run if cross compiling
+    X_BUILTIN_BINARY=no
+],
+[
+    AS_CASE([ac_cv_sizeof_voidp],
+    [[1-9]*], [dnl fixed value
+    ],
+    [
+        AC_CACHE_CHECK([word size], [rb_cv_word_size],
+            [for w in 4 8; do
+                AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[@%:@if SIZEOF_VOIDP != ${w}
+                @%:@error SIZEOF_VOIDP
+                @%:@endif]])], [rb_cv_word_size=${w}; break])
+            done])
+        AS_IF([test -z $rb_cv_word_size], [X_BUILTIN_BINARY=no])
+    ])
+])
 
 AC_CACHE_CHECK(packed struct attribute, rb_cv_packed_struct,
     [rb_cv_packed_struct=no
@@ -1459,10 +1521,9 @@ AC_CACHE_CHECK(packed struct attribute, rb_cv_packed_struct,
 		[rb_cv_packed_struct=$mac; break])
     done])
 AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_packed_struct" != no], [
-    AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([PACKED_STRUCT(x)], [$rb_cv_packed_struct])
+    AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN()], [`echo " $rb_cv_packed_struct " | sed 's/ x .*//;s/^ *//'`])
+    AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END()], [`echo " $rb_cv_packed_struct " | sed 's/.* x //;s/ *$//'`])
     RUBY_TRY_CFLAGS(-Wno-address-of-packed-member, [AC_DEFINE(USE_UNALIGNED_MEMBER_ACCESS)])
-], [
-    AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([PACKED_STRUCT(x)], x)
 ])
 
 AS_IF([test "x$ac_cv_type_long_long" = xyes], [
@@ -1890,8 +1951,8 @@ AS_CASE(["${target_cpu}-${target_os}:${target_archs}"],
 [universal-darwin*:*ppc*], [
   AC_LIBSOURCES(alloca.c)
   AC_SUBST([ALLOCA], [\${LIBOBJDIR}alloca.${ac_objext}])
-  RUBY_DEFINE_IF([defined __powerpc__], C_ALLOCA, 1)
-  RUBY_DEFINE_IF([defined __powerpc__], alloca, alloca)
+  RUBY_DEFINE_IF([defined __POWERPC__], C_ALLOCA, 1) # Darwin defines __POWERPC__ for ppc and ppc64 both
+  RUBY_DEFINE_IF([defined __POWERPC__], alloca, alloca)
   ],
 [
   AC_FUNC_ALLOCA
@@ -1994,6 +2055,7 @@ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(execv)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(execve)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(explicit_memset)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(fcopyfile)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(fchdir)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(fchmod)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(fchown)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(fcntl)
@@ -2051,6 +2113,7 @@ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(lstat)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(lutimes)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(malloc_usable_size)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(malloc_size)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(malloc_trim)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(mblen)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(memalign)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(memset_s)
@@ -2104,6 +2167,7 @@ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigaction)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigaltstack)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sigprocmask)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(sinh)
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(snprintf)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(spawnv)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(symlink)
 AC_CHECK_FUNCS(syscall)
@@ -2128,9 +2192,6 @@ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(__sinpi)
 AS_IF([test "x$ac_cv_member_struct_statx_stx_btime" = xyes],
     [AC_CHECK_FUNCS(statx)])
 
-AS_CASE(["$ac_cv_func_memset_s:$ac_cv_func_qsort_s"], [*yes*],
-    [RUBY_DEFINE_IF([!defined __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__], [__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__], 1)])
-
 AS_IF([test "$ac_cv_func_getcwd" = yes], [
     AC_CACHE_CHECK(if getcwd allocates buffer if NULL is given, [rb_cv_getcwd_malloc],
 	[AC_RUN_IFELSE([AC_LANG_SOURCE([[
@@ -2199,6 +2260,27 @@ RUBY_CHECK_BUILTIN_FUNC(__builtin_types_compatible_p, [__builtin_types_compatibl
 RUBY_CHECK_BUILTIN_FUNC(__builtin_trap, [__builtin_trap()])
 RUBY_CHECK_BUILTIN_FUNC(__builtin_expect, [__builtin_expect(0, 0)])
 
+AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_builtin___builtin_mul_overflow" != no], [
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK(for __builtin_mul_overflow with long long arguments, rb_cv_use___builtin_mul_overflow_long_long, [
+    AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_SOURCE([[
+#pragma clang optimize off
+
+int
+main(void)
+{
+    long long x = 0, y;
+    __builtin_mul_overflow(x, x, &y);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+]])],
+	rb_cv_use___builtin_mul_overflow_long_long=yes,
+	rb_cv_use___builtin_mul_overflow_long_long=no)])
+])
+AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_use___builtin_mul_overflow_long_long" = yes], [
+  AC_DEFINE(USE___BUILTIN_MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_LONG, 1)
+])
+
 AS_IF([test "$ac_cv_func_qsort_r" != no], [
   AC_CACHE_CHECK(whether qsort_r is GNU version, rb_cv_gnu_qsort_r,
     [AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[
@@ -2561,10 +2643,13 @@ AS_CASE([$coroutine_type], [yes|''], [
         [arm64-darwin*], [
             coroutine_type=arm64
         ],
-        [powerpc-darwin*], [
+        # Correct target name is powerpc*-, but Ruby seems to prefer ppc*-.
+        # Notice that Darwin PPC ABI differs from AIX and ELF.
+        # Adding PPC targets for AIX, *BSD and *Linux will require separate implementations.
+        [powerpc-darwin*|ppc-darwin*], [
             coroutine_type=ppc
         ],
-        [powerpc64-darwin*], [
+        [powerpc64-darwin*|ppc64-darwin*], [
             coroutine_type=ppc64
         ],
         [x*64-linux*], [
@@ -2583,6 +2668,9 @@ AS_CASE([$coroutine_type], [yes|''], [
         [*86-mingw*], [
             coroutine_type=win32
         ],
+        [aarch64-mingw*], [
+            coroutine_type=arm64
+        ],
         [arm*-linux*], [
             coroutine_type=arm32
         ],
@@ -2595,6 +2683,9 @@ AS_CASE([$coroutine_type], [yes|''], [
         [riscv64-linux*], [
             coroutine_type=riscv64
         ],
+        [loongarch64-linux*], [
+            coroutine_type=loongarch64
+        ],
         [x86_64-freebsd*], [
             coroutine_type=amd64
         ],
@@ -2619,6 +2710,9 @@ AS_CASE([$coroutine_type], [yes|''], [
         [i386-openbsd*], [
             coroutine_type=x86
         ],
+        [aarch64-openbsd*], [
+            coroutine_type=arm64
+        ],
         [*-openbsd*], [
             coroutine_type=pthread
         ],
@@ -2716,6 +2810,22 @@ AS_IF([test "$THREAD_MODEL" = pthread], [
 		AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(SET_ANOTHER_THREAD_NAME(thid,name), $set_another_thread_name)
 	    ])
     ])
+
+    AC_CACHE_CHECK([for thread-local storage sepcifier], [rb_cv_tls_specifier],
+        rb_cv_tls_specifier=none
+        RUBY_WERROR_FLAG([
+            for attr in \
+                _Thread_local \
+                __thread \
+                ; do
+                AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[$attr int conftest;]])],
+                    [rb_cv_tls_specifier=$attr; break])
+            done
+        ])
+    )
+    AS_IF([test x"${rb_cv_tls_specifier}" != xnone],
+        [AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER, ${rb_cv_tls_specifier})]
+    )
 ])
 
 AS_IF([test x"$ac_cv_header_ucontext_h" = xno], [
@@ -2859,7 +2969,7 @@ AS_IF([test "x$ac_cv_func_ioctl" = xyes], [
 
 }
 
-: "runtime section" && {
+[begin]_group "runtime section" && {
 dnl wheather use dln_a_out or not
 AC_ARG_WITH(dln-a-out,
 	AS_HELP_STRING([--with-dln-a-out], [dln_a_out is deprecated]),
@@ -2870,12 +2980,6 @@ AC_ARG_WITH(dln-a-out,
 	])
 ])
 
-AC_CACHE_CHECK(whether ELF binaries are produced, rb_cv_binary_elf,
-[AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[]], [[]])],[
-AS_CASE(["`head -1 conftest$EXEEXT | tr -dc '\177ELF' | tr '\177' .`"],
-[.ELF*], [rb_cv_binary_elf=yes], [rb_cv_binary_elf=no])],
-rb_cv_binary_elf=no)])
-
 AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_binary_elf" = yes], [
   AC_DEFINE(USE_ELF)
   AC_CHECK_HEADERS([elf.h elf_abi.h])
@@ -2899,22 +3003,8 @@ AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
     ])])
 LIBEXT=a
 
-AC_ARG_WITH(mjit-tabs,
-    AS_HELP_STRING([--without-mjit-tabs], [expand tabs in mjit header]),
-    [AS_IF([test $withval = no], [MJIT_TABS=false])])
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_TABS)dnl
 AC_SUBST(DLDFLAGS)dnl
 AC_SUBST(ARCH_FLAG)dnl
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_HEADER_FLAGS)dnl
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR)dnl
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_CC)dnl
-AS_CASE(["$GCC:$target_os"],
-    [yes:aix*], [mjit_std_cflag="-std=gnu99"],
-    [mjit_std_cflag=])
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_CFLAGS, [${MJIT_CFLAGS-"-w ${mjit_std_cflag} ${orig_cflags}"}])dnl
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_OPTFLAGS, [${MJIT_OPTFLAGS-'$(optflags)'}])dnl
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_DEBUGFLAGS, [${MJIT_DEBUGFLAGS-'$(debugflags)'}])dnl
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_LDSHARED)dnl
 
 AC_SUBST(STATIC)dnl
 AC_SUBST(CCDLFLAGS)dnl
@@ -2952,13 +3042,25 @@ STATIC=
   ])
 }
 
-: "rpath" && {
-  AC_ARG_ENABLE(rpath,
-       AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-rpath], [embed run path into extension libraries.
-       enabled by default on ELF platforms]),
-       [enable_rpath=$enableval], [enable_rpath="$rb_cv_binary_elf"])
+EXTSTATIC=
+AC_SUBST(EXTSTATIC)dnl
+AC_ARG_WITH(static-linked-ext,
+	    AS_HELP_STRING([--with-static-linked-ext], [link external modules statically]),
+            [AS_CASE([$withval],[yes],[STATIC=;EXTSTATIC=static],[no],[],[EXTSTATIC="$withval"])])
+AS_CASE([",$EXTSTATIC,"], [,static,|*,enc,*], [
+  ENCOBJS='enc/encinit.$(OBJEXT) enc/libenc.$(LIBEXT) enc/libtrans.$(LIBEXT)'
+  EXTOBJS='ext/extinit.$(OBJEXT)'
+  AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(EXTSTATIC, 1)
+  AC_SUBST(ENCSTATIC, static)
+], [
+  ENCOBJS='dmyenc.$(OBJEXT)'
+  EXTOBJS='dmyext.$(OBJEXT)'
+])
+AC_SUBST(ENCOBJS)
+AC_SUBST(EXTOBJS)
 
-  AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
+: "rpath" && {
+    AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
 	[solaris*], [	AS_IF([test "$GCC" = yes], [
 			    : ${LDSHARED='$(CC) -shared'}
 			    AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_prog_gnu_ld" = yes], [
@@ -2998,7 +3100,6 @@ STATIC=
 			rb_cv_dlopen=yes],
 	[interix*], [	: ${LDSHARED='$(CC) -shared'}
 			XLDFLAGS="$XLDFLAGS -Wl,-E"
-			LIBPATHFLAG=" -L%1\$-s"
 			rb_cv_dlopen=yes],
 	[freebsd*|dragonfly*], [
 			: ${LDSHARED='$(CC) -shared'}
@@ -3017,11 +3118,10 @@ STATIC=
 	[darwin*], [	: ${LDSHARED='$(CC) -dynamic -bundle'}
 			: ${DLDSHARED='$(CC) -dynamiclib'}
 			: ${LDFLAGS=""}
-			: ${LIBPATHENV=DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH}
+			: ${LIBPATHENV=DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH}
 			: ${PRELOADENV=DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES}
                         AS_IF([test x"$enable_shared" = xyes], [
-                            # Resolve symbols from libruby.dylib when --enable-shared
-                            EXTDLDFLAGS='$(LIBRUBYARG_SHARED)'
+                            # Resolve symbols from libruby.dylib in $(LIBS) when --enable-shared
                         ], [test "x$EXTSTATIC" = x], [
                             # When building exts as bundles, a mach-o bundle needs to know its loader
                             # program to bind symbols from the ruby executable
@@ -3058,30 +3158,35 @@ STATIC=
 	[atheos*], [	: ${LDSHARED='$(CC) -shared'}
 			rb_cv_dlopen=yes],
 	[	: ${LDSHARED='$(LD)'}])
-  AC_MSG_RESULT($rb_cv_dlopen)
+    AC_MSG_RESULT($rb_cv_dlopen)
+}
 
-  AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_dlopen" = yes], [
+AS_IF([test "$rb_cv_dlopen" = yes], [
     AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
-      [darwin*], [
+    [darwin*], [
+        AC_SUBST(ADDITIONAL_DLDFLAGS, "")
 	for flag in \
-	  "-undefined dynamic_lookup" \
 	  "-multiply_defined suppress" \
+	  "-undefined dynamic_lookup" \
 	  ; do
-	  test "x${linker_flag}" = x || flag="${linker_flag}`echo ${flag} | tr ' ' ,`"
-	  RUBY_TRY_LDFLAGS([$flag], [], [flag=])
-	  AS_IF([test "x$flag" != x], [
-	    RUBY_APPEND_OPTIONS(DLDFLAGS, [$flag])
-	  ])
+            test "x${linker_flag}" = x || flag="${linker_flag}`echo ${flag} | tr ' ' ,`"
+            RUBY_TRY_LDFLAGS([$flag], [], [flag=])
+            AS_IF([test x"$flag" = x], [continue])
+
+            AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether $flag is accepted for bundle])
+            : > conftest.c
+            AS_IF([${LDSHARED%%'$(CC)'*}$CC${LDSHARED@%:@*'$(CC)'} -o conftest.bundle $flag conftest.c >/dev/null 2>conftest.err &&
+                test ! -s conftest.err], [
+                AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+                RUBY_APPEND_OPTIONS(DLDFLAGS, [$flag])
+            ], [
+                AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+                RUBY_APPEND_OPTIONS(ADDITIONAL_DLDFLAGS, [$flag])
+            ])
+            rm -fr conftest.*
 	done
-      ])
-  ])
-
-  AS_IF([test "$enable_rpath:${RPATHFLAG}" = yes:], [
-      AS_IF([test "x$rpathflag" != x], [
-	  RPATHFLAG=" ${rpathflag}%1\$-s"
-      ])
-  ])
-}
+    ])
+])
 
 AS_IF([test "${LDSHAREDXX}" = ""], [
     AS_CASE(["${LDSHARED}"],
@@ -3097,7 +3202,6 @@ AS_IF([test "${LDSHAREDXX}" = ""], [
 	[ld" "*], [
 	    ])
 ])
-AS_CASE([${RPATHFLAG}],[*'%1$'*],[: ${LIBPATHFLAG=' -L%1$-s'}],[: ${LIBPATHFLAG=' -L%s'}])
 
 AC_SUBST(LINK_SO)
 AC_SUBST(LIBPATHFLAG)
@@ -3106,23 +3210,6 @@ AC_SUBST(LIBPATHENV, "${LIBPATHENV-LD_LIBRARY_PATH}")
 AC_SUBST(PRELOADENV, "${PRELOADENV-LD_PRELOAD}")
 AC_SUBST(TRY_LINK)
 
-AS_IF([test "x$OPT_DIR" != x], [
-    pat=`echo "${LDFLAGS_OPTDIR}" | sed ['s/[][\\.*|]/\\\\&/']`
-    LDFLAGS=`echo "${LDFLAGS}" | sed "s| ${pat}||"`
-    val=`IFS="$PATH_SEPARATOR"
-        for dir in $OPT_DIR; do
-            echo x ${LIBPATHFLAG} ${RPATHFLAG} |
-            sed "s/^x *//;s${IFS}"'%1\\$-s'"${IFS}${dir}/lib${IFS}g;s${IFS}%s${IFS}${dir}/lib${IFS}g"
-        done | tr '\012' ' ' | sed 's/ *$//'`
-    AS_IF([test x"$val" != x], [
-	test x"${LDFLAGS}" = x || LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS "
-	LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS$val"
-	test x"${DLDFLAGS}" = x || DLDFLAGS="$DLDFLAGS "
-	DLDFLAGS="$DLDFLAGS$val"
-    ])
-    LDFLAGS_OPTDIR="$val"
-])
-
 AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
 [freebsd*], [
     AC_CHECK_LIB([procstat], [procstat_open_sysctl])
@@ -3275,23 +3362,6 @@ AC_ARG_WITH(ext,
 AC_ARG_WITH(out-ext,
             AS_HELP_STRING([--with-out-ext=EXTS],
                            [pass to --without-ext option of extmk.rb]))
-EXTSTATIC=
-AC_SUBST(EXTSTATIC)dnl
-AC_ARG_WITH(static-linked-ext,
-	    AS_HELP_STRING([--with-static-linked-ext], [link external modules statically]),
-            [AS_CASE([$withval],[yes],[STATIC=;EXTSTATIC=static],[no],[],[EXTSTATIC="$withval"])])
-AS_CASE([",$EXTSTATIC,"], [,static,|*,enc,*], [
-  ENCOBJS='enc/encinit.$(OBJEXT) enc/libenc.$(LIBEXT) enc/libtrans.$(LIBEXT)'
-  EXTOBJS='ext/extinit.$(OBJEXT)'
-  AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(EXTSTATIC, 1)
-  AC_SUBST(ENCSTATIC, static)
-], [
-  ENCOBJS='dmyenc.$(OBJEXT)'
-  EXTOBJS='dmyext.$(OBJEXT)'
-])
-AC_SUBST(ENCOBJS)
-AC_SUBST(EXTOBJS)
-
 AC_ARG_WITH(setup,
 	    AS_HELP_STRING([--with-setup=SETUP], [use extension libraries setup]),
 	    [setup=$withval])
@@ -3341,7 +3411,6 @@ for var in bindir includedir libdir rubylibprefix; do
 done
 
 BTESTRUBY='$(MINIRUBY)'
-BOOTSTRAPRUBY='$(BASERUBY)'
 AS_IF([test x"$cross_compiling" = xyes], [
   test x"$MINIRUBY" = x && MINIRUBY="${RUBY-$BASERUBY} -I`$CHDIR .; pwd` "-r'$(arch)-fake'
   XRUBY_LIBDIR=`${RUBY-$BASERUBY} -rrbconfig -e ['puts RbConfig::CONFIG["libdir"]']`
@@ -3351,6 +3420,10 @@ AS_IF([test x"$cross_compiling" = xyes], [
   AC_SUBST(XRUBY_RUBYLIBDIR)
   AC_SUBST(XRUBY_RUBYHDRDIR)
   PREP='$(arch)-fake.rb'
+  AS_CASE(["$enable_shared:$EXTSTATIC:$target_os"], [no::darwin*], [
+    # darwin target requires miniruby for linking ext bundles
+    PREP="$PREP"' miniruby$(EXEEXT)'
+  ])
   RUNRUBY_COMMAND='$(MINIRUBY) -I`cd $(srcdir)/lib; pwd`'
   RUNRUBY='$(RUNRUBY_COMMAND)'
   XRUBY='$(MINIRUBY)'
@@ -3364,7 +3437,6 @@ AS_IF([test x"$cross_compiling" = xyes], [
   RUNRUBY_COMMAND='$(MINIRUBY) $(tooldir)/runruby.rb --extout=$(EXTOUT) $(RUNRUBYOPT)'
   RUNRUBY='$(RUNRUBY_COMMAND) --'
   XRUBY='$(RUNRUBY)'
-  AS_CASE(["$HAVE_BASERUBY:$build_os"], [no:*|*:mingw*], [BOOTSTRAPRUBY='$(MINIRUBY)'])
   TEST_RUNNABLE=yes
   CROSS_COMPILING=no
 ])
@@ -3376,7 +3448,6 @@ AC_SUBST(PREP)
 AC_SUBST(RUNRUBY_COMMAND)
 AC_SUBST(RUNRUBY)
 AC_SUBST(XRUBY)
-AC_SUBST(BOOTSTRAPRUBY)
 AC_SUBST(EXTOUT, [${EXTOUT=.ext}])
 
 FIRSTMAKEFILE=""
@@ -3399,9 +3470,6 @@ AC_ARG_ENABLE(multiarch,
 	      [multiarch=], [unset multiarch])
 AS_IF([test ${multiarch+set}], [
    AC_DEFINE(ENABLE_MULTIARCH)
-   MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR=include/'${arch}/${RUBY_VERSION_NAME}'
-], [
-   MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR=include/'${RUBY_VERSION_NAME}/${arch}'
 ])
 
 archlibdir='${libdir}/${arch}'
@@ -3615,7 +3683,7 @@ AS_CASE("$cross_compiling:${LIBPATHENV}", [yes:* | no:], [], [
     AC_MSG_CHECKING(whether wrapper for $LIBPATHENV is needed)
     AS_IF([env ${LIBPATHENV}=/lib /bin/sh -c ': ${'${LIBPATHENV}'?}' 2>/dev/null],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT(no)],
-	[PREP="$PREP"' exe/$(PROGRAM)'
+	[AC_SUBST(XRUBY_LIBPATHENV_WRAPPER, 'exe/$(PROGRAM)')
 	AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)]
     )
 ])
@@ -3681,7 +3749,7 @@ AS_IF([test x"$gcov" = xyes], [
 RUBY_SETJMP_TYPE
 }
 
-: "build section" && {
+[begin]_group "installation section" && {
 dnl build rdoc index if requested
 RDOCTARGET=""
 CAPITARGET=""
@@ -3729,34 +3797,77 @@ AC_SUBST(CAPITARGET)
 AS_CASE(["$RDOCTARGET:$CAPITARGET"],[nodoc:nodoc],[INSTALLDOC=nodoc],[INSTALLDOC=all])
 AC_SUBST(INSTALLDOC)
 
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(jit-support,
-    AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-jit-support], [disable JIT features]),
-    [MJIT_SUPPORT=$enableval],
-    [AS_CASE(["$target_os"],
-        [wasi | mingw*], [MJIT_SUPPORT=no],
-        [MJIT_SUPPORT=yes]
-    )])
+AC_ARG_ENABLE(install-static-library,
+	AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-install-static-library], [do not install static ruby library]),
+	[INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY=$enableval
+         AS_IF([test x"$enable_shared" = xno -a x"$INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY" = xno],
+                 [AC_MSG_ERROR([must install either static or shared library])],
+                 [])],
+	AS_IF([test x"$enable_shared" = xyes],
+	    [INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY=no],
+	    [INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY=yes]))
+AC_SUBST(INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY)
+}
 
-AS_IF([test x"$MJIT_SUPPORT" = "xyes"],
-	[AC_DEFINE(USE_MJIT, 1)],
-	[AC_DEFINE(USE_MJIT, 0)])
+[begin]_group "JIT section" && {
+AC_CHECK_PROG(RUSTC, [rustc], [rustc], [no]) dnl no ac_tool_prefix
+
+dnl check if rustc is recent enough to build YJIT (rustc >= 1.58.0)
+YJIT_RUSTC_OK=no
+AS_IF([test "$RUSTC" != "no"],
+    AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether ${RUSTC} works for YJIT])
+    YJIT_TARGET_ARCH=
+    AS_CASE(["$target_cpu"],
+        [arm64|aarch64], [YJIT_TARGET_ARCH=aarch64],
+        [x86_64], [YJIT_TARGET_ARCH=x86_64],
+    )
+    dnl Fails in case rustc target doesn't match ruby target.
+    dnl Can happen on Rosetta, for example.
+    AS_IF([echo "#[cfg(target_arch = \"$YJIT_TARGET_ARCH\")] fn main() { let x = 1; format!(\"{x}\"); }" |
+            $RUSTC - --emit asm=/dev/null 2>/dev/null],
+        [YJIT_RUSTC_OK=yes]
+    )
+    AC_MSG_RESULT($YJIT_RUSTC_OK)
+)
 
-AC_SUBST(MJIT_SUPPORT)
+dnl check if we can build YJIT on this target platform
+dnl we can't easily cross-compile with rustc so we don't support that
+YJIT_TARGET_OK=no
+AS_IF([test "$cross_compiling" = no],
+    AS_CASE(["$target_cpu-$target_os"],
+        [*android*], [
+            YJIT_TARGET_OK=no
+        ],
+        [arm64-darwin*|aarch64-darwin*|x86_64-darwin*], [
+            YJIT_TARGET_OK=yes
+        ],
+        [arm64-*linux*|aarch64-*linux*|x86_64-*linux*], [
+            YJIT_TARGET_OK=yes
+        ],
+        [arm64-*bsd*|aarch64-*bsd*|x86_64-*bsd*], [
+            YJIT_TARGET_OK=yes
+        ]
+    )
+)
 
+dnl build YJIT in release mode if rustc >= 1.58.0 is present and we are on a supported platform
 AC_ARG_ENABLE(yjit,
-        AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-yjit],
-        [enable experimental in-process JIT compiler that requires Rust build tools [default=no]]),
-        [YJIT_SUPPORT=$enableval], [YJIT_SUPPORT=no])
+    AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-yjit],
+    [enable in-process JIT compiler that requires Rust build tools. enabled by default on supported platforms if rustc 1.58.0+ is available]),
+    [YJIT_SUPPORT=$enableval],
+    [AS_CASE(["$YJIT_TARGET_OK:$YJIT_RUSTC_OK"],
+        [yes:yes], [
+            YJIT_SUPPORT=yes
+        ],
+        [YJIT_SUPPORT=no]
+    )]
+)
 
 CARGO=
 CARGO_BUILD_ARGS=
 YJIT_LIBS=
 AS_CASE(["${YJIT_SUPPORT}"],
 [yes|dev|stats|dev_nodebug], [
-    AS_IF([test x"$enable_jit_support" = "xno"],
-        AC_MSG_ERROR([--disable-jit-support but --enable-yjit. YJIT requires JIT support])
-    )
-    AC_CHECK_TOOL(RUSTC, [rustc], [no])
     AS_IF([test x"$RUSTC" = "xno"],
         AC_MSG_ERROR([rustc is required. Installation instructions available at https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install])
     )
@@ -3767,16 +3878,18 @@ AS_CASE(["${YJIT_SUPPORT}"],
     ],
     [dev], [
 	rb_rust_target_subdir=debug
-	CARGO_BUILD_ARGS='--features stats,disasm,asm_comments'
+	CARGO_BUILD_ARGS='--features stats,disasm'
 	AC_DEFINE(RUBY_DEBUG, 1)
     ],
     [dev_nodebug], [
 	rb_rust_target_subdir=dev_nodebug
-	CARGO_BUILD_ARGS='--profile dev_nodebug --features stats,disasm,asm_comments'
+	CARGO_BUILD_ARGS='--profile dev_nodebug --features stats,disasm'
+	AC_DEFINE(YJIT_STATS, 1)
     ],
     [stats], [
 	rb_rust_target_subdir=stats
 	CARGO_BUILD_ARGS='--profile stats --features stats'
+	AC_DEFINE(YJIT_STATS, 1)
     ])
 
     AS_IF([test -n "${CARGO_BUILD_ARGS}"], [
@@ -3786,10 +3899,18 @@ AS_CASE(["${YJIT_SUPPORT}"],
              ]))
 
     YJIT_LIBS="yjit/target/${rb_rust_target_subdir}/libyjit.a"
+    AS_CASE(["$target_os"],[openbsd*],[
+        # Link libc++abi (which requires libpthread) for _Unwind_* functions needed by yjit
+        LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -lpthread -lc++abi"
+    ])
     YJIT_OBJ='yjit.$(OBJEXT)'
+    AS_IF([test x"$YJIT_SUPPORT" != "xyes" ], [
+        AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(YJIT_SUPPORT, [$YJIT_SUPPORT])
+    ])
     AC_DEFINE(USE_YJIT, 1)
-], [AC_DEFINE(USE_YJIT, 0)])
-
+], [
+    AC_DEFINE(USE_YJIT, 0)
+])
 
 dnl These variables end up in ::RbConfig::CONFIG
 AC_SUBST(YJIT_SUPPORT)dnl what flavor of YJIT the Ruby build includes
@@ -3799,17 +3920,53 @@ AC_SUBST(CARGO_BUILD_ARGS)dnl for selecting Rust build profiles
 AC_SUBST(YJIT_LIBS)dnl for optionally building the Rust parts of YJIT
 AC_SUBST(YJIT_OBJ)dnl for optionally building the C parts of YJIT
 
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(install-static-library,
-	AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-install-static-library], [do not install static ruby library]),
-	[INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY=$enableval
-         AS_IF([test x"$enable_shared" = xno -a x"$INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY" = xno],
-                 [AC_MSG_ERROR([must install either static or shared library])],
-                 [])],
-	AS_IF([test x"$enable_shared" = xyes],
-	    [INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY=no],
-	    [INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY=yes]))
-AC_SUBST(INSTALL_STATIC_LIBRARY)
+dnl RJIT supports only x86_64 platforms, but allows arm64/aarch64 for custom JITs.
+RJIT_TARGET_OK=no
+AS_IF([test "$cross_compiling" = no],
+    AS_CASE(["$target_cpu-$target_os"],
+        [*android*], [
+            RJIT_TARGET_OK=no
+        ],
+        [arm64-darwin*|aarch64-darwin*|x86_64-darwin*], [
+            RJIT_TARGET_OK=yes
+        ],
+        [arm64-*linux*|aarch64-*linux*|x86_64-*linux*], [
+            RJIT_TARGET_OK=yes
+        ],
+        [arm64-*bsd*|aarch64-*bsd*|x86_64-*bsd*], [
+            RJIT_TARGET_OK=yes
+        ]
+    )
+)
+
+dnl Build RJIT on supported platforms or if --enable-rjit is specified.
+AC_ARG_ENABLE(rjit,
+    AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-rjit],
+    [enable pure-Ruby JIT compiler. enabled by default on Unix x86_64 platforms]),
+    [RJIT_SUPPORT=$enableval],
+    [AS_CASE(["$RJIT_TARGET_OK"],
+        [yes], [RJIT_SUPPORT=yes],
+        [RJIT_SUPPORT=no]
+    )]
+)
+
+AS_CASE(["$RJIT_SUPPORT"],
+[yes|dev], [
+    AS_CASE(["$RJIT_SUPPORT"],
+    [dev], [
+        # Link libcapstone for --rjit-dump-disasm
+        AC_CHECK_LIB([capstone], [cs_disasm])
+    ])
 
+    AC_DEFINE(USE_RJIT, 1)
+], [
+    AC_DEFINE(USE_RJIT, 0)
+])
+
+AC_SUBST(RJIT_SUPPORT)
+}
+
+[begin]_group "build section" && {
 AC_CACHE_CHECK([for prefix of external symbols], rb_cv_symbol_prefix, [
     AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[extern void conftest_external(void) {}]], [[]])],[
 	rb_cv_symbol_prefix=`$NM conftest.$ac_objext |
@@ -3820,6 +3977,23 @@ AC_CACHE_CHECK([for prefix of external symbols], rb_cv_symbol_prefix, [
 ])
 SYMBOL_PREFIX="$rb_cv_symbol_prefix"
 test "x$SYMBOL_PREFIX" = xNONE && SYMBOL_PREFIX=''
+
+AS_IF([test x"$enable_shared" = xyes], [
+    AC_CACHE_CHECK([for default symbols in empty shared library], rb_cv_symbols_in_emptylib, [
+        save_CC="$CC"
+        eval CC=\"`printf "%s" "${DLDSHARED}" | sed ['s/\$(CC)/${CC}/']`\"
+        AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM()],[
+            rb_cv_symbols_in_emptylib=`$NM -Pgp conftest$ac_exeext |
+                sed ["/ [A-TV-Z] .*/!d;s///;s/^${SYMBOL_PREFIX}//;/^main$/d"]`
+        ])
+        set dummy ${rb_cv_symbols_in_emptylib}
+        shift
+        rb_cv_symbols_in_emptylib="$*"
+        CC="$save_CC"
+    ])
+])
+AC_SUBST(XSYMBOLS_IN_EMPTYLIB, "${rb_cv_symbols_in_emptylib}")
+
 DLNOBJ=dln.o
 AC_ARG_ENABLE(dln,
 	      AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-dln], [disable dynamic link feature]),
@@ -3997,8 +4171,9 @@ AS_IF([test "${universal_binary-no}" = yes ], [
 		const char arch[[]] = __ARCHITECTURE__;]], [[puts(arch);]])],
 		[rb_cv_architecture_available=yes], [rb_cv_architecture_available=no]))
 ])
+}
 
-: ${MJIT_LDSHARED=`echo "$LDSHARED" | sed ['s|\$(LD)|'"${LD}"'|g;s|\$(CC)|$(MJIT_CC)|g']`}
+[end]_group
 
 MAINLIBS="$LIBS"
 LIBS=$ORIG_LIBS
@@ -4064,6 +4239,7 @@ AC_SUBST(MINIOBJS)
 AC_SUBST(THREAD_MODEL)
 AC_SUBST(COROUTINE_TYPE, ${coroutine_type})
 AC_SUBST(PLATFORM_DIR)
+AC_SUBST(USE_LLVM_WINDRES)
 
 firstmf=`echo $FIRSTMAKEFILE | sed 's/:.*//'`
 firsttmpl=`echo $FIRSTMAKEFILE | sed 's/.*://'`
@@ -4215,6 +4391,10 @@ AS_IF([test "${universal_binary-no}" = yes ], [
         arch="${target_cpu}-${target_os}"
     ])
     AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(RUBY_PLATFORM, "$arch")
+
+    AS_IF([test "$arch" = "s390x-linux"], [
+       AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(USE_MN_THREADS, 0)
+    ])
 ])
 
 unset sitearch
@@ -4319,7 +4499,7 @@ guard=INCLUDE_RUBY_CONFIG_H
 {
   echo "#ifndef $guard"
   echo "#define $guard 1"
-  grep -v "^#define PACKAGE_" confdefs.h
+  sed "/^@%:@define PACKAGE_/d;s/  *$//" confdefs.h
   echo "#endif /* $guard */"
 } | tr -d '\015' |
 (
@@ -4362,6 +4542,14 @@ AC_SUBST(XCC_WRAPPER)
 
 AS_CASE([" $CPP "], [*" $CC "*], [CPP=`echo " $CPP " | sed "s| $CC |"' $(CC) |;s/^ *//;s/  *$//'`])
 
+AS_IF([test ! -f "$srcdir/revision.h"], [
+    AS_IF([test "x$HAVE_BASERUBY" = xyes], [
+	${BASERUBY} -C "$srcdir" tool/file2lastrev.rb -q --revision.h > "$srcdir/revision.h"
+    ], [
+	touch "$srcdir/revision.h"
+    ])
+])
+
 AS_IF([test x"$firstmf" != x], [
     AC_CONFIG_FILES($firstmf:$firsttmpl, [], [firstmf="$firstmf" firsttmpl="$firsttmpl"])
 ])
@@ -4378,17 +4566,24 @@ AC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile:template/Makefile.in, [
 	AS_CASE("$VCS",
 		['$(GIT)'|git], [VCSUP='$(VCS) pull --rebase $(GITPULLOPTIONS)'],
 		[VCSUP='$(VCS)'])
-	sed -n \
-	    -e '[/^@%:@define \(RUBY_RELEASE_[A-Z]*\) \([0-9][0-9]*\)/]{' \
-	    -e   's//\1 = \2/' \
-	    -e   '[s/ \([0-9]\)$/ 0\1/]' \
-	    -e   p \
-	    -e '}' "$srcdir/version.h"
+	for f in "$srcdir/version.h" "$srcdir/revision.h"; do
+            test -f "$f" || continue
+	    sed -n \
+	        -e '[/^@%:@define \(RUBY_RELEASE_[A-Z]*\) \([0-9][0-9]*\)/]{' \
+	        -e   's//\1 = \2/' \
+	        -e   '[s/ \([0-9]\)$/ 0\1/]' \
+	        -e   p \
+	        -e '}' "$f"
+        done
 	sed '/^MISSING/s/\$U\././g;/^VCS *=/s#@VCS@#'"$VCS"'#;/^VCSUP *=/s#@VCSUP@#'"$VCSUP"'#' Makefile
 	echo; test x"$EXEEXT" = x || echo 'miniruby: miniruby$(EXEEXT)'
 	AS_IF([test "$gnumake" != yes], [
 	    echo ['$(MKFILES): $(srcdir)/common.mk']
 	    sed ['s/{\$([^(){}]*)[^{}]*}//g'] ${srcdir}/common.mk
+            AS_IF([test "$YJIT_SUPPORT" = yes], [
+                cat ${srcdir}/yjit/not_gmake.mk
+                echo ['$(MKFILES): ${srcdir}/yjit/not_gmake.mk']
+            ])
 	], [
 	    echo 'distclean-local::; @$(RM) GNUmakefile uncommon.mk'
 	])
@@ -4406,7 +4601,7 @@ AC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile:template/Makefile.in, [
 	echo 'ruby: $(PROGRAM);' >> $tmpmk
 	test "$tmpmk" = "$tmpgmk" || rm -f "$tmpgmk"
     ]) && mv -f $tmpmk Makefile],
-[EXEEXT='$EXEEXT' MAKE='${MAKE-make}' gnumake='$gnumake' GIT='$GIT'])
+[EXEEXT='$EXEEXT' MAKE='${MAKE-make}' gnumake='$gnumake' GIT='$GIT' YJIT_SUPPORT='$YJIT_SUPPORT'])
 
 AC_ARG_WITH([ruby-pc],
 	    AS_HELP_STRING([--with-ruby-pc=FILENAME], [pc file basename]),
@@ -4422,7 +4617,6 @@ AC_SUBST(DESTDIR)
 
 AC_OUTPUT
 }
-}
 
 AS_IF([test "$silent" = yes], [], [
 AS_IF([${FOLD+:} false], [], [
@@ -4470,8 +4664,8 @@ config_summary "debugflags"          "$debugflags"
 config_summary "warnflags"           "$warnflags"
 config_summary "strip command"       "$STRIP"
 config_summary "install doc"         "$DOCTARGETS"
-config_summary "MJIT support"        "$MJIT_SUPPORT"
 config_summary "YJIT support"        "$YJIT_SUPPORT"
+config_summary "RJIT support"        "$RJIT_SUPPORT"
 config_summary "man page type"       "$MANTYPE"
 config_summary "search path"         "$search_path"
 config_summary "static-linked-ext"   ${EXTSTATIC:+"yes"}
diff --git a/constant.h b/constant.h
index e0d36909e1..90a68d447a 100644
--- a/constant.h
+++ b/constant.h
@@ -43,13 +43,11 @@ VALUE rb_mod_deprecate_constant(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE obj);
 void rb_free_const_table(struct rb_id_table *tbl);
 VALUE rb_const_source_location(VALUE, ID);
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 int rb_autoloading_value(VALUE mod, ID id, VALUE *value, rb_const_flag_t *flag);
 rb_const_entry_t *rb_const_lookup(VALUE klass, ID id);
 VALUE rb_public_const_get_at(VALUE klass, ID id);
 VALUE rb_public_const_get_from(VALUE klass, ID id);
 int rb_public_const_defined_from(VALUE klass, ID id);
 VALUE rb_const_source_location_at(VALUE, ID);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #endif /* CONSTANT_H */
diff --git a/cont.c b/cont.c
index 8a9aded713..2b60860edd 100644
--- a/cont.c
+++ b/cont.c
@@ -26,14 +26,19 @@ extern int madvise(caddr_t, size_t, int);
 #include COROUTINE_H
 
 #include "eval_intern.h"
-#include "gc.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/cont.h"
+#include "internal/thread.h"
+#include "internal/error.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/proc.h"
+#include "internal/sanitizers.h"
 #include "internal/warnings.h"
 #include "ruby/fiber/scheduler.h"
-#include "mjit.h"
+#include "rjit.h"
+#include "yjit.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
+#include "vm_sync.h"
 #include "id_table.h"
 #include "ractor_core.h"
 
@@ -172,7 +177,7 @@ struct fiber_pool {
     // A singly-linked list of allocations which contain 1 or more stacks each.
     struct fiber_pool_allocation * allocations;
 
-    // Provides O(1) stack "allocation":
+    // Free list that provides O(1) stack "allocation".
     struct fiber_pool_vacancy * vacancies;
 
     // The size of the stack allocations (excluding any guard page).
@@ -184,16 +189,27 @@ struct fiber_pool {
     // The initial number of stacks to allocate.
     size_t initial_count;
 
-    // Whether to madvise(free) the stack or not:
+    // Whether to madvise(free) the stack or not.
+    // If this value is set to 1, the stack will be madvise(free)ed
+    // (or equivalent), where possible, when it is returned to the pool.
     int free_stacks;
 
     // The number of stacks that have been used in this pool.
     size_t used;
 
-    // The amount to allocate for the vm_stack:
+    // The amount to allocate for the vm_stack.
     size_t vm_stack_size;
 };
 
+// Continuation contexts used by JITs
+struct rb_jit_cont {
+    rb_execution_context_t *ec; // continuation ec
+    struct rb_jit_cont *prev, *next; // used to form lists
+};
+
+// Doubly linked list for enumerating all on-stack ISEQs.
+static struct rb_jit_cont *first_jit_cont;
+
 typedef struct rb_context_struct {
     enum context_type type;
     int argc;
@@ -211,22 +227,21 @@ typedef struct rb_context_struct {
     rb_execution_context_t saved_ec;
     rb_jmpbuf_t jmpbuf;
     rb_ensure_entry_t *ensure_array;
-    /* Pointer to MJIT info about the continuation.  */
-    struct mjit_cont *mjit_cont;
+    struct rb_jit_cont *jit_cont; // Continuation contexts for JITs
 } rb_context_t;
 
-
 /*
  * Fiber status:
- *    [Fiber.new] ------> FIBER_CREATED
- *                        | [Fiber#resume]
- *                        v
- *                   +--> FIBER_RESUMED ----+
- *    [Fiber#resume] |    | [Fiber.yield]   |
- *                   |    v                 |
- *                   +-- FIBER_SUSPENDED    | [Terminate]
- *                                          |
- *                       FIBER_TERMINATED <-+
+ *    [Fiber.new] ------> FIBER_CREATED ----> [Fiber#kill] --> |
+ *                        | [Fiber#resume]                     |
+ *                        v                                    |
+ *                   +--> FIBER_RESUMED ----> [return] ------> |
+ *    [Fiber#resume] |    | [Fiber.yield/transfer]             |
+ *  [Fiber#transfer] |    v                                    |
+ *                   +--- FIBER_SUSPENDED --> [Fiber#kill] --> |
+ *                                                             |
+ *                                                             |
+ *                        FIBER_TERMINATED <-------------------+
  */
 enum fiber_status {
     FIBER_CREATED,
@@ -252,13 +267,21 @@ struct rb_fiber_struct {
     unsigned int yielding : 1;
     unsigned int blocking : 1;
 
+    unsigned int killed : 1;
+
     struct coroutine_context context;
     struct fiber_pool_stack stack;
 };
 
 static struct fiber_pool shared_fiber_pool = {NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0};
 
-static ID fiber_initialize_keywords[2] = {0};
+void
+rb_free_shared_fiber_pool(void)
+{
+    xfree(shared_fiber_pool.allocations);
+}
+
+static ID fiber_initialize_keywords[3] = {0};
 
 /*
  * FreeBSD require a first (i.e. addr) argument of mmap(2) is not NULL
@@ -678,23 +701,45 @@ fiber_pool_stack_free(struct fiber_pool_stack * stack)
     // If this is not true, the vacancy information will almost certainly be destroyed:
     VM_ASSERT(size <= (stack->size - RB_PAGE_SIZE));
 
-    if (DEBUG) fprintf(stderr, "fiber_pool_stack_free: %p+%"PRIuSIZE" [base=%p, size=%"PRIuSIZE"]\n", base, size, stack->base, stack->size);
+    int advice = stack->pool->free_stacks >> 1;
+
+    if (DEBUG) fprintf(stderr, "fiber_pool_stack_free: %p+%"PRIuSIZE" [base=%p, size=%"PRIuSIZE"] advice=%d\n", base, size, stack->base, stack->size, advice);
 
-#if VM_CHECK_MODE > 0 && defined(MADV_DONTNEED)
+    // The pages being used by the stack can be returned back to the system.
+    // That doesn't change the page mapping, but it does allow the system to
+    // reclaim the physical memory.
+    // Since we no longer care about the data itself, we don't need to page
+    // out to disk, since that is costly. Not all systems support that, so
+    // we try our best to select the most efficient implementation.
+    // In addition, it's actually slightly desirable to not do anything here,
+    // but that results in higher memory usage.
+
+#ifdef __wasi__
+    // WebAssembly doesn't support madvise, so we just don't do anything.
+#elif VM_CHECK_MODE > 0 && defined(MADV_DONTNEED)
+    if (!advice) advice = MADV_DONTNEED;
     // This immediately discards the pages and the memory is reset to zero.
-    madvise(base, size, MADV_DONTNEED);
-#elif defined(POSIX_MADV_DONTNEED)
-    posix_madvise(base, size, POSIX_MADV_DONTNEED);
+    madvise(base, size, advice);
 #elif defined(MADV_FREE_REUSABLE)
+    if (!advice) advice = MADV_FREE_REUSABLE;
+    // Darwin / macOS / iOS.
     // Acknowledge the kernel down to the task info api we make this
     // page reusable for future use.
-    // As for MADV_FREE_REUSE below we ensure in the rare occasions the task was not
+    // As for MADV_FREE_REUSABLE below we ensure in the rare occasions the task was not
     // completed at the time of the call to re-iterate.
-    while (madvise(base, size, MADV_FREE_REUSABLE) == -1 && errno == EAGAIN);
+    while (madvise(base, size, advice) == -1 && errno == EAGAIN);
 #elif defined(MADV_FREE)
-    madvise(base, size, MADV_FREE);
+    if (!advice) advice = MADV_FREE;
+    // Recent Linux.
+    madvise(base, size, advice);
 #elif defined(MADV_DONTNEED)
-    madvise(base, size, MADV_DONTNEED);
+    if (!advice) advice = MADV_DONTNEED;
+    // Old Linux.
+    madvise(base, size, advice);
+#elif defined(POSIX_MADV_DONTNEED)
+    if (!advice) advice = POSIX_MADV_DONTNEED;
+    // Solaris?
+    posix_madvise(base, size, advice);
 #elif defined(_WIN32)
     VirtualAlloc(base, size, MEM_RESET, PAGE_READWRITE);
     // Not available in all versions of Windows.
@@ -999,6 +1044,8 @@ fiber_is_root_p(const rb_fiber_t *fiber)
 }
 #endif
 
+static void jit_cont_free(struct rb_jit_cont *cont);
+
 static void
 cont_free(void *ptr)
 {
@@ -1019,10 +1066,8 @@ cont_free(void *ptr)
 
     RUBY_FREE_UNLESS_NULL(cont->saved_vm_stack.ptr);
 
-    if (mjit_enabled) {
-        VM_ASSERT(cont->mjit_cont != NULL);
-        mjit_cont_free(cont->mjit_cont);
-    }
+    VM_ASSERT(cont->jit_cont != NULL);
+    jit_cont_free(cont->jit_cont);
     /* free rb_cont_t or rb_fiber_t */
     ruby_xfree(ptr);
     RUBY_FREE_LEAVE("cont");
@@ -1126,7 +1171,9 @@ fiber_memsize(const void *ptr)
      */
     if (saved_ec->local_storage && fiber != th->root_fiber) {
         size += rb_id_table_memsize(saved_ec->local_storage);
+        size += rb_obj_memsize_of(saved_ec->storage);
     }
+
     size += cont_memsize(&fiber->cont);
     return size;
 }
@@ -1161,6 +1208,7 @@ cont_save_machine_stack(rb_thread_t *th, rb_context_t *cont)
     }
 
     FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS;
+    asan_unpoison_memory_region(cont->machine.stack_src, size, false);
     MEMCPY(cont->machine.stack, cont->machine.stack_src, VALUE, size);
 }
 
@@ -1185,13 +1233,119 @@ cont_save_thread(rb_context_t *cont, rb_thread_t *th)
     sec->machine.stack_end = NULL;
 }
 
+static rb_nativethread_lock_t jit_cont_lock;
+
+// Register a new continuation with execution context `ec`. Return JIT info about
+// the continuation.
+static struct rb_jit_cont *
+jit_cont_new(rb_execution_context_t *ec)
+{
+    struct rb_jit_cont *cont;
+
+    // We need to use calloc instead of something like ZALLOC to avoid triggering GC here.
+    // When this function is called from rb_thread_alloc through rb_threadptr_root_fiber_setup,
+    // the thread is still being prepared and marking it causes SEGV.
+    cont = calloc(1, sizeof(struct rb_jit_cont));
+    if (cont == NULL)
+        rb_memerror();
+    cont->ec = ec;
+
+    rb_native_mutex_lock(&jit_cont_lock);
+    if (first_jit_cont == NULL) {
+        cont->next = cont->prev = NULL;
+    }
+    else {
+        cont->prev = NULL;
+        cont->next = first_jit_cont;
+        first_jit_cont->prev = cont;
+    }
+    first_jit_cont = cont;
+    rb_native_mutex_unlock(&jit_cont_lock);
+
+    return cont;
+}
+
+// Unregister continuation `cont`.
 static void
-cont_init_mjit_cont(rb_context_t *cont)
+jit_cont_free(struct rb_jit_cont *cont)
+{
+    if (!cont) return;
+
+    rb_native_mutex_lock(&jit_cont_lock);
+    if (cont == first_jit_cont) {
+        first_jit_cont = cont->next;
+        if (first_jit_cont != NULL)
+            first_jit_cont->prev = NULL;
+    }
+    else {
+        cont->prev->next = cont->next;
+        if (cont->next != NULL)
+            cont->next->prev = cont->prev;
+    }
+    rb_native_mutex_unlock(&jit_cont_lock);
+
+    free(cont);
+}
+
+// Call a given callback against all on-stack ISEQs.
+void
+rb_jit_cont_each_iseq(rb_iseq_callback callback, void *data)
+{
+    struct rb_jit_cont *cont;
+    for (cont = first_jit_cont; cont != NULL; cont = cont->next) {
+        if (cont->ec->vm_stack == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        const rb_control_frame_t *cfp = cont->ec->cfp;
+        while (!RUBY_VM_CONTROL_FRAME_STACK_OVERFLOW_P(cont->ec, cfp)) {
+            if (cfp->pc && cfp->iseq && imemo_type((VALUE)cfp->iseq) == imemo_iseq) {
+                callback(cfp->iseq, data);
+            }
+            cfp = RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(cfp);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#if USE_YJIT
+// Update the jit_return of all CFPs to leave_exit unless it's leave_exception or not set.
+// This prevents jit_exec_exception from jumping to the caller after invalidation.
+void
+rb_yjit_cancel_jit_return(void *leave_exit, void *leave_exception)
+{
+    struct rb_jit_cont *cont;
+    for (cont = first_jit_cont; cont != NULL; cont = cont->next) {
+        if (cont->ec->vm_stack == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        const rb_control_frame_t *cfp = cont->ec->cfp;
+        while (!RUBY_VM_CONTROL_FRAME_STACK_OVERFLOW_P(cont->ec, cfp)) {
+            if (cfp->jit_return && cfp->jit_return != leave_exception) {
+                ((rb_control_frame_t *)cfp)->jit_return = leave_exit;
+            }
+            cfp = RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(cfp);
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+// Finish working with jit_cont.
+void
+rb_jit_cont_finish(void)
 {
-    VM_ASSERT(cont->mjit_cont == NULL);
-    if (mjit_enabled) {
-        cont->mjit_cont = mjit_cont_new(&(cont->saved_ec));
+    struct rb_jit_cont *cont, *next;
+    for (cont = first_jit_cont; cont != NULL; cont = next) {
+        next = cont->next;
+        free(cont); // Don't use xfree because it's allocated by calloc.
     }
+    rb_native_mutex_destroy(&jit_cont_lock);
+}
+
+static void
+cont_init_jit_cont(rb_context_t *cont)
+{
+    VM_ASSERT(cont->jit_cont == NULL);
+    // We always allocate this since YJIT may be enabled later
+    cont->jit_cont = jit_cont_new(&(cont->saved_ec));
 }
 
 struct rb_execution_context_struct *
@@ -1209,7 +1363,7 @@ cont_init(rb_context_t *cont, rb_thread_t *th)
     cont->saved_ec.local_storage = NULL;
     cont->saved_ec.local_storage_recursive_hash = Qnil;
     cont->saved_ec.local_storage_recursive_hash_for_trace = Qnil;
-    cont_init_mjit_cont(cont);
+    cont_init_jit_cont(cont);
 }
 
 static rb_context_t *
@@ -1238,11 +1392,11 @@ rb_fiberptr_blocking(struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber)
     return fiber->blocking;
 }
 
-// This is used for root_fiber because other fibers call cont_init_mjit_cont through cont_new.
+// Initialize the jit_cont_lock
 void
-rb_fiber_init_mjit_cont(struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber)
+rb_jit_cont_init(void)
 {
-    cont_init_mjit_cont(&fiber->cont);
+    rb_native_mutex_initialize(&jit_cont_lock);
 }
 
 #if 0
@@ -1452,7 +1606,7 @@ cont_restore_1(rb_context_t *cont)
     cont_restore_thread(cont);
 
     /* restore machine stack */
-#ifdef _M_AMD64
+#if defined(_M_AMD64) && !defined(__MINGW64__)
     {
         /* workaround for x64 SEH */
         jmp_buf buf;
@@ -1707,7 +1861,7 @@ rollback_ensure_stack(VALUE self,rb_ensure_list_t *current,rb_ensure_entry_t *ta
     /* push ensure stack */
     for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
         func = lookup_rollback_func(target[i - j - 1].e_proc);
-        if ((VALUE)func != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P((VALUE)func)) {
             (*func)(target[i - j - 1].data2);
         }
     }
@@ -1832,7 +1986,7 @@ rb_cont_call(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE contval)
  *  the current thread, blocking and non-blocking fibers' behavior is identical.
  *
  *  Ruby doesn't provide a scheduler class: it is expected to be implemented by
- *  the user and correspond to Fiber::SchedulerInterface.
+ *  the user and correspond to Fiber::Scheduler.
  *
  *  There is also Fiber.schedule method, which is expected to immediately perform
  *  the given block in a non-blocking manner. Its actual implementation is up to
@@ -1867,6 +2021,7 @@ fiber_t_alloc(VALUE fiber_value, unsigned int blocking)
     fiber->cont.self = fiber_value;
     fiber->cont.type = FIBER_CONTEXT;
     fiber->blocking = blocking;
+    fiber->killed = 0;
     cont_init(&fiber->cont, th);
 
     fiber->cont.saved_ec.fiber_ptr = fiber;
@@ -1883,11 +2038,220 @@ fiber_t_alloc(VALUE fiber_value, unsigned int blocking)
     return fiber;
 }
 
+static rb_fiber_t *
+root_fiber_alloc(rb_thread_t *th)
+{
+    VALUE fiber_value = fiber_alloc(rb_cFiber);
+    rb_fiber_t *fiber = th->ec->fiber_ptr;
+
+    VM_ASSERT(DATA_PTR(fiber_value) == NULL);
+    VM_ASSERT(fiber->cont.type == FIBER_CONTEXT);
+    VM_ASSERT(FIBER_RESUMED_P(fiber));
+
+    th->root_fiber = fiber;
+    DATA_PTR(fiber_value) = fiber;
+    fiber->cont.self = fiber_value;
+
+    coroutine_initialize_main(&fiber->context);
+
+    return fiber;
+}
+
+static inline rb_fiber_t*
+fiber_current(void)
+{
+    rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
+    if (ec->fiber_ptr->cont.self == 0) {
+        root_fiber_alloc(rb_ec_thread_ptr(ec));
+    }
+    return ec->fiber_ptr;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+current_fiber_storage(void)
+{
+    rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
+    return ec->storage;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+inherit_fiber_storage(void)
+{
+    return rb_obj_dup(current_fiber_storage());
+}
+
+static inline void
+fiber_storage_set(struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber, VALUE storage)
+{
+    fiber->cont.saved_ec.storage = storage;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+fiber_storage_get(rb_fiber_t *fiber, int allocate)
+{
+    VALUE storage = fiber->cont.saved_ec.storage;
+    if (storage == Qnil && allocate) {
+        storage = rb_hash_new();
+        fiber_storage_set(fiber, storage);
+    }
+    return storage;
+}
+
+static void
+storage_access_must_be_from_same_fiber(VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_ptr(self);
+    rb_fiber_t *current = fiber_current();
+    if (fiber != current) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Fiber storage can only be accessed from the Fiber it belongs to");
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ *  call-seq: fiber.storage -> hash (dup)
+ *
+ *  Returns a copy of the storage hash for the fiber. The method can only be called on the
+ *  Fiber.current.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_fiber_storage_get(VALUE self)
+{
+    storage_access_must_be_from_same_fiber(self);
+
+    VALUE storage = fiber_storage_get(fiber_ptr(self), FALSE);
+
+    if (storage == Qnil) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_obj_dup(storage);
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+fiber_storage_validate_each(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE _argument)
+{
+    Check_Type(key, T_SYMBOL);
+
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+static void
+fiber_storage_validate(VALUE value)
+{
+    // nil is an allowed value and will be lazily initialized.
+    if (value == Qnil) return;
+
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(value, T_HASH)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "storage must be a hash");
+    }
+
+    if (RB_OBJ_FROZEN(value)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eFrozenError, "storage must not be frozen");
+    }
+
+    rb_hash_foreach(value, fiber_storage_validate_each, Qundef);
+}
+
+/**
+ *  call-seq: fiber.storage = hash
+ *
+ *  Sets the storage hash for the fiber. This feature is experimental
+ *  and may change in the future. The method can only be called on the
+ *  Fiber.current.
+ *
+ *  You should be careful about using this method as you may inadvertently clear
+ *  important fiber-storage state. You should mostly prefer to assign specific
+ *  keys in the storage using Fiber::[]=.
+ *
+ *  You can also use <tt>Fiber.new(storage: nil)</tt> to create a fiber with an empty
+ *  storage.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    while request = request_queue.pop
+ *      # Reset the per-request state:
+ *      Fiber.current.storage = nil
+ *      handle_request(request)
+ *    end
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_fiber_storage_set(VALUE self, VALUE value)
+{
+    if (rb_warning_category_enabled_p(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL)) {
+        rb_category_warn(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL,
+          "Fiber#storage= is experimental and may be removed in the future!");
+    }
+
+    storage_access_must_be_from_same_fiber(self);
+    fiber_storage_validate(value);
+
+    fiber_ptr(self)->cont.saved_ec.storage = rb_obj_dup(value);
+    return value;
+}
+
+/**
+ *  call-seq: Fiber[key] -> value
+ *
+ *  Returns the value of the fiber storage variable identified by +key+.
+ *
+ *  The +key+ must be a symbol, and the value is set by Fiber#[]= or
+ *  Fiber#store.
+ *
+ *  See also Fiber::[]=.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_fiber_storage_aref(VALUE class, VALUE key)
+{
+    Check_Type(key, T_SYMBOL);
+
+    VALUE storage = fiber_storage_get(fiber_current(), FALSE);
+    if (storage == Qnil) return Qnil;
+
+    return rb_hash_aref(storage, key);
+}
+
+/**
+ *  call-seq: Fiber[key] = value
+ *
+ *  Assign +value+ to the fiber storage variable identified by +key+.
+ *  The variable is created if it doesn't exist.
+ *
+ *  +key+ must be a Symbol, otherwise a TypeError is raised.
+ *
+ *  See also Fiber::[].
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_fiber_storage_aset(VALUE class, VALUE key, VALUE value)
+{
+    Check_Type(key, T_SYMBOL);
+
+    VALUE storage = fiber_storage_get(fiber_current(), value != Qnil);
+    if (storage == Qnil) return Qnil;
+
+    if (value == Qnil) {
+        return rb_hash_delete(storage, key);
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_hash_aset(storage, key, value);
+    }
+}
+
 static VALUE
-fiber_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE proc, struct fiber_pool * fiber_pool, unsigned int blocking)
+fiber_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE proc, struct fiber_pool * fiber_pool, unsigned int blocking, VALUE storage)
 {
+    if (storage == Qundef || storage == Qtrue) {
+        // The default, inherit storage (dup) from the current fiber:
+        storage = inherit_fiber_storage();
+    }
+    else /* nil, hash, etc. */ {
+        fiber_storage_validate(storage);
+        storage = rb_obj_dup(storage);
+    }
+
     rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_t_alloc(self, blocking);
 
+    fiber->cont.saved_ec.storage = storage;
     fiber->first_proc = proc;
     fiber->stack.base = NULL;
     fiber->stack.pool = fiber_pool;
@@ -1920,54 +2284,90 @@ rb_fiber_pool_default(VALUE pool)
     return &shared_fiber_pool;
 }
 
+VALUE rb_fiber_inherit_storage(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber)
+{
+    VALUE storage = rb_obj_dup(ec->storage);
+    fiber->cont.saved_ec.storage = storage;
+    return storage;
+}
+
 /* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
 rb_fiber_initialize_kw(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self, int kw_splat)
 {
     VALUE pool = Qnil;
     VALUE blocking = Qfalse;
+    VALUE storage = Qundef;
 
     if (kw_splat != RB_NO_KEYWORDS) {
         VALUE options = Qnil;
-        VALUE arguments[2] = {Qundef};
+        VALUE arguments[3] = {Qundef};
 
         argc = rb_scan_args_kw(kw_splat, argc, argv, ":", &options);
-        rb_get_kwargs(options, fiber_initialize_keywords, 0, 2, arguments);
+        rb_get_kwargs(options, fiber_initialize_keywords, 0, 3, arguments);
 
-        if (arguments[0] != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(arguments[0])) {
             blocking = arguments[0];
         }
 
-        if (arguments[1] != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(arguments[1])) {
             pool = arguments[1];
         }
+
+        storage = arguments[2];
     }
 
-    return fiber_initialize(self, rb_block_proc(), rb_fiber_pool_default(pool), RTEST(blocking));
+    return fiber_initialize(self, rb_block_proc(), rb_fiber_pool_default(pool), RTEST(blocking), storage);
 }
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     Fiber.new(blocking: false) { |*args| ... } -> fiber
+ *     Fiber.new(blocking: false, storage: true) { |*args| ... } -> fiber
  *
- *  Creates new Fiber. Initially, the fiber is not running and can be resumed with
- *  #resume. Arguments to the first #resume call will be passed to the block:
+ *  Creates new Fiber. Initially, the fiber is not running and can be resumed
+ *  with #resume. Arguments to the first #resume call will be passed to the
+ *  block:
  *
- *      f = Fiber.new do |initial|
- *         current = initial
- *         loop do
- *           puts "current: #{current.inspect}"
- *           current = Fiber.yield
- *         end
- *      end
- *      f.resume(100)     # prints: current: 100
- *      f.resume(1, 2, 3) # prints: current: [1, 2, 3]
- *      f.resume          # prints: current: nil
- *      # ... and so on ...
- *
- *  If <tt>blocking: false</tt> is passed to <tt>Fiber.new</tt>, _and_ current thread
- *  has a Fiber.scheduler defined, the Fiber becomes non-blocking (see "Non-blocking
- *  Fibers" section in class docs).
+ *    f = Fiber.new do |initial|
+ *       current = initial
+ *       loop do
+ *         puts "current: #{current.inspect}"
+ *         current = Fiber.yield
+ *       end
+ *    end
+ *    f.resume(100)     # prints: current: 100
+ *    f.resume(1, 2, 3) # prints: current: [1, 2, 3]
+ *    f.resume          # prints: current: nil
+ *    # ... and so on ...
+ *
+ *  If <tt>blocking: false</tt> is passed to <tt>Fiber.new</tt>, _and_ current
+ *  thread has a Fiber.scheduler defined, the Fiber becomes non-blocking (see
+ *  "Non-blocking Fibers" section in class docs).
+ *
+ *  If the <tt>storage</tt> is unspecified, the default is to inherit a copy of
+ *  the storage from the current fiber. This is the same as specifying
+ *  <tt>storage: true</tt>.
+ *
+ *    Fiber[:x] = 1
+ *    Fiber.new do
+ *      Fiber[:x] # => 1
+ *      Fiber[:x] = 2
+ *    end.resume
+ *    Fiber[:x] # => 1
+ *
+ *  If the given <tt>storage</tt> is <tt>nil</tt>, this function will lazy
+ *  initialize the internal storage, which starts as an empty hash.
+ *
+ *    Fiber[:x] = "Hello World"
+ *    Fiber.new(storage: nil) do
+ *      Fiber[:x] # nil
+ *    end
+ *
+ *  Otherwise, the given <tt>storage</tt> is used as the new fiber's storage,
+ *  and it must be an instance of Hash.
+ *
+ *  Explicitly using <tt>storage: true</tt> is currently experimental and may
+ *  change in the future.
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_fiber_initialize(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
@@ -1976,9 +2376,15 @@ rb_fiber_initialize(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
 }
 
 VALUE
+rb_fiber_new_storage(rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE obj, VALUE storage)
+{
+    return fiber_initialize(fiber_alloc(rb_cFiber), rb_proc_new(func, obj), rb_fiber_pool_default(Qnil), 1, storage);
+}
+
+VALUE
 rb_fiber_new(rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE obj)
 {
-    return fiber_initialize(fiber_alloc(rb_cFiber), rb_proc_new(func, obj), rb_fiber_pool_default(Qnil), 1);
+    return rb_fiber_new_storage(func, obj, Qtrue);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1989,7 +2395,7 @@ rb_fiber_s_schedule_kw(int argc, VALUE* argv, int kw_splat)
     VALUE fiber = Qnil;
 
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        fiber = rb_funcall_passing_block_kw(scheduler, rb_intern("fiber"), argc, argv, kw_splat);
+        fiber = rb_fiber_scheduler_fiber(scheduler, argc, argv, kw_splat);
     }
     else {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "No scheduler is available!");
@@ -2032,7 +2438,7 @@ rb_fiber_s_schedule_kw(int argc, VALUE* argv, int kw_splat)
  *
  *  Note that the behavior described above is how the method is <em>expected</em>
  *  to behave, actual behavior is up to the current scheduler's implementation of
- *  Fiber::SchedulerInterface#fiber method. Ruby doesn't enforce this method to
+ *  Fiber::Scheduler#fiber method. Ruby doesn't enforce this method to
  *  behave in any particular way.
  *
  *  If the scheduler is not set, the method raises
@@ -2051,7 +2457,7 @@ rb_fiber_s_schedule(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
  *
  *  Returns the Fiber scheduler, that was last set for the current thread with Fiber.set_scheduler.
  *  Returns +nil+ if no scheduler is set (which is the default), and non-blocking fibers'
- #  behavior is the same as blocking.
+ *  behavior is the same as blocking.
  *  (see "Non-blocking fibers" section in class docs for details about the scheduler concept).
  *
  */
@@ -2085,7 +2491,7 @@ rb_fiber_current_scheduler(VALUE klass)
  *  thread will call scheduler's +close+ method on finalization (allowing the scheduler to
  *  properly manage all non-finished fibers).
  *
- *  +scheduler+ can be an object of any class corresponding to Fiber::SchedulerInterface. Its
+ *  +scheduler+ can be an object of any class corresponding to Fiber::Scheduler. Its
  *  implementation is up to the user.
  *
  *  See also the "Non-blocking fibers" section in class docs.
@@ -2106,7 +2512,6 @@ rb_fiber_start(rb_fiber_t *fiber)
 
     rb_proc_t *proc;
     enum ruby_tag_type state;
-    int need_interrupt = TRUE;
 
     VM_ASSERT(th->ec == GET_EC());
     VM_ASSERT(FIBER_RESUMED_P(fiber));
@@ -2132,6 +2537,7 @@ rb_fiber_start(rb_fiber_t *fiber)
     }
     EC_POP_TAG();
 
+    int need_interrupt = TRUE;
     VALUE err = Qfalse;
     if (state) {
         err = th->ec->errinfo;
@@ -2140,37 +2546,22 @@ rb_fiber_start(rb_fiber_t *fiber)
         if (state == TAG_RAISE) {
             // noop...
         }
+        else if (state == TAG_FATAL && err == RUBY_FATAL_FIBER_KILLED) {
+            need_interrupt = FALSE;
+            err = Qfalse;
+        }
         else if (state == TAG_FATAL) {
             rb_threadptr_pending_interrupt_enque(th, err);
         }
         else {
             err = rb_vm_make_jump_tag_but_local_jump(state, err);
         }
-        need_interrupt = TRUE;
     }
 
     rb_fiber_terminate(fiber, need_interrupt, err);
 }
 
-static rb_fiber_t *
-root_fiber_alloc(rb_thread_t *th)
-{
-    VALUE fiber_value = fiber_alloc(rb_cFiber);
-    rb_fiber_t *fiber = th->ec->fiber_ptr;
-
-    VM_ASSERT(DATA_PTR(fiber_value) == NULL);
-    VM_ASSERT(fiber->cont.type == FIBER_CONTEXT);
-    VM_ASSERT(fiber->status == FIBER_RESUMED);
-
-    th->root_fiber = fiber;
-    DATA_PTR(fiber_value) = fiber;
-    fiber->cont.self = fiber_value;
-
-    coroutine_initialize_main(&fiber->context);
-
-    return fiber;
-}
-
+// Set up a "root fiber", which is the fiber that every Ractor has.
 void
 rb_threadptr_root_fiber_setup(rb_thread_t *th)
 {
@@ -2183,11 +2574,10 @@ rb_threadptr_root_fiber_setup(rb_thread_t *th)
     fiber->cont.saved_ec.fiber_ptr = fiber;
     fiber->cont.saved_ec.thread_ptr = th;
     fiber->blocking = 1;
+    fiber->killed = 0;
     fiber_status_set(fiber, FIBER_RESUMED); /* skip CREATED */
     th->ec = &fiber->cont.saved_ec;
-    // This skips mjit_cont_new for the initial thread because mjit_enabled is always false
-    // at this point. mjit_init calls rb_fiber_init_mjit_cont again for this root_fiber.
-    rb_fiber_init_mjit_cont(fiber);
+    cont_init_jit_cont(&fiber->cont);
 }
 
 void
@@ -2197,12 +2587,12 @@ rb_threadptr_root_fiber_release(rb_thread_t *th)
         /* ignore. A root fiber object will free th->ec */
     }
     else {
-        rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
+        rb_execution_context_t *ec = rb_current_execution_context(false);
 
         VM_ASSERT(th->ec->fiber_ptr->cont.type == FIBER_CONTEXT);
         VM_ASSERT(th->ec->fiber_ptr->cont.self == 0);
 
-        if (th->ec == ec) {
+        if (ec && th->ec == ec) {
             rb_ractor_set_current_ec(th->ractor, NULL);
         }
         fiber_free(th->ec->fiber_ptr);
@@ -2222,16 +2612,6 @@ rb_threadptr_root_fiber_terminate(rb_thread_t *th)
 }
 
 static inline rb_fiber_t*
-fiber_current(void)
-{
-    rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
-    if (ec->fiber_ptr->cont.self == 0) {
-        root_fiber_alloc(rb_ec_thread_ptr(ec));
-    }
-    return ec->fiber_ptr;
-}
-
-static inline rb_fiber_t*
 return_fiber(bool terminate)
 {
     rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_current();
@@ -2293,6 +2673,19 @@ fiber_store(rb_fiber_t *next_fiber, rb_thread_t *th)
     fiber_setcontext(next_fiber, fiber);
 }
 
+static void
+fiber_check_killed(rb_fiber_t *fiber)
+{
+    VM_ASSERT(fiber == fiber_current());
+
+    if (fiber->killed) {
+        rb_thread_t *thread = fiber->cont.saved_ec.thread_ptr;
+
+        thread->ec->errinfo = RUBY_FATAL_FIBER_KILLED;
+        EC_JUMP_TAG(thread->ec, RUBY_TAG_FATAL);
+    }
+}
+
 static inline VALUE
 fiber_switch(rb_fiber_t *fiber, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat, rb_fiber_t *resuming_fiber, bool yielding)
 {
@@ -2381,7 +2774,14 @@ fiber_switch(rb_fiber_t *fiber, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat, rb_fi
 
     current_fiber = th->ec->fiber_ptr;
     value = current_fiber->cont.value;
-    if (current_fiber->cont.argc == -1) rb_exc_raise(value);
+
+    fiber_check_killed(current_fiber);
+
+    if (current_fiber->cont.argc == -1) {
+        // Fiber#raise will trigger this path.
+        rb_exc_raise(value);
+    }
+
     return value;
 }
 
@@ -2408,7 +2808,62 @@ rb_fiber_transfer(VALUE fiber_value, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
 VALUE
 rb_fiber_blocking_p(VALUE fiber)
 {
-    return RBOOL(fiber_ptr(fiber)->blocking != 0);
+    return RBOOL(fiber_ptr(fiber)->blocking);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+fiber_blocking_yield(VALUE fiber_value)
+{
+    rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_ptr(fiber_value);
+    rb_thread_t * volatile th = fiber->cont.saved_ec.thread_ptr;
+
+    VM_ASSERT(fiber->blocking == 0);
+
+    // fiber->blocking is `unsigned int : 1`, so we use it as a boolean:
+    fiber->blocking = 1;
+
+    // Once the fiber is blocking, and current, we increment the thread blocking state:
+    th->blocking += 1;
+
+    return rb_yield(fiber_value);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+fiber_blocking_ensure(VALUE fiber_value)
+{
+    rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_ptr(fiber_value);
+    rb_thread_t * volatile th = fiber->cont.saved_ec.thread_ptr;
+
+    // We are no longer blocking:
+    fiber->blocking = 0;
+    th->blocking -= 1;
+
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     Fiber.blocking{|fiber| ...} -> result
+ *
+ *  Forces the fiber to be blocking for the duration of the block. Returns the
+ *  result of the block.
+ *
+ *  See the "Non-blocking fibers" section in class docs for details.
+ *
+ */
+VALUE
+rb_fiber_blocking(VALUE class)
+{
+    VALUE fiber_value = rb_fiber_current();
+    rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_ptr(fiber_value);
+
+    // If we are already blocking, this is essentially a no-op:
+    if (fiber->blocking) {
+        return rb_yield(fiber_value);
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_ensure(fiber_blocking_yield, fiber_value, fiber_blocking_ensure, fiber_value);
+    }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2766,14 +3221,9 @@ rb_fiber_s_yield(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-fiber_raise(rb_fiber_t *fiber, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
+fiber_raise(rb_fiber_t *fiber, VALUE exception)
 {
-    VALUE exception = rb_make_exception(argc, argv);
-
-    if (fiber->resuming_fiber) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eFiberError, "attempt to raise a resuming fiber");
-    }
-    else if (FIBER_SUSPENDED_P(fiber) && !fiber->yielding) {
+    if (FIBER_SUSPENDED_P(fiber) && !fiber->yielding) {
         return fiber_transfer_kw(fiber, -1, &exception, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
     }
     else {
@@ -2784,7 +3234,9 @@ fiber_raise(rb_fiber_t *fiber, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
 VALUE
 rb_fiber_raise(VALUE fiber, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
 {
-    return fiber_raise(fiber_ptr(fiber), argc, argv);
+    VALUE exception = rb_make_exception(argc, argv);
+
+    return fiber_raise(fiber_ptr(fiber), exception);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2807,6 +3259,8 @@ rb_fiber_raise(VALUE fiber, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
  *  the exception, and the third parameter is an array of callback information.
  *  Exceptions are caught by the +rescue+ clause of <code>begin...end</code>
  *  blocks.
+ *
+ *  Raises +FiberError+ if called on a Fiber belonging to another +Thread+.
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_fiber_m_raise(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -2816,6 +3270,45 @@ rb_fiber_m_raise(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
+ *     fiber.kill -> nil
+ *
+ *  Terminates the fiber by raising an uncatchable exception.
+ *  It only terminates the given fiber and no other fiber, returning +nil+ to
+ *  another fiber if that fiber was calling #resume or #transfer.
+ *
+ *  <tt>Fiber#kill</tt> only interrupts another fiber when it is in Fiber.yield.
+ *  If called on the current fiber then it raises that exception at the <tt>Fiber#kill</tt> call site.
+ *
+ *  If the fiber has not been started, transition directly to the terminated state.
+ *
+ *  If the fiber is already terminated, does nothing.
+ *
+ *  Raises FiberError if called on a fiber belonging to another thread.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_fiber_m_kill(VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_fiber_t *fiber = fiber_ptr(self);
+
+    if (fiber->killed) return Qfalse;
+    fiber->killed = 1;
+
+    if (fiber->status == FIBER_CREATED) {
+        fiber->status = FIBER_TERMINATED;
+    }
+    else if (fiber->status != FIBER_TERMINATED) {
+        if (fiber_current() == fiber) {
+            fiber_check_killed(fiber);
+        } else {
+            fiber_raise(fiber_ptr(self), Qnil);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
  *     Fiber.current -> fiber
  *
  *  Returns the current fiber. If you are not running in the context of
@@ -2946,329 +3439,6 @@ rb_fiber_pool_initialize(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
  *     fiber.resume #=> FiberError: dead fiber called
  */
 
-/*
- *  Document-class: Fiber::SchedulerInterface
- *
- *  This is not an existing class, but documentation of the interface that Scheduler
- *  object should comply to in order to be used as argument to Fiber.scheduler and handle non-blocking
- *  fibers. See also the "Non-blocking fibers" section in Fiber class docs for explanations
- *  of some concepts.
- *
- *  Scheduler's behavior and usage are expected to be as follows:
- *
- *  * When the execution in the non-blocking Fiber reaches some blocking operation (like
- *    sleep, wait for a process, or a non-ready I/O), it calls some of the scheduler's
- *    hook methods, listed below.
- *  * Scheduler somehow registers what the current fiber is waiting on, and yields control
- *    to other fibers with Fiber.yield (so the fiber would be suspended while expecting its
- *    wait to end, and other fibers in the same thread can perform)
- *  * At the end of the current thread execution, the scheduler's method #close is called
- *  * The scheduler runs into a wait loop, checking all the blocked fibers (which it has
- *    registered on hook calls) and resuming them when the awaited resource is ready
- *    (e.g. I/O ready or sleep time elapsed).
- *
- *  A typical implementation would probably rely for this closing loop on a gem like
- *  EventMachine[https://github.com/eventmachine/eventmachine] or
- *  Async[https://github.com/socketry/async].
- *
- *  This way concurrent execution will be achieved transparently for every
- *  individual Fiber's code.
- *
- *  Hook methods are:
- *
- *  * #io_wait, #io_read, and #io_write
- *  * #process_wait
- *  * #kernel_sleep
- *  * #timeout_after
- *  * #address_resolve
- *  * #block and #unblock
- *  * (the list is expanded as Ruby developers make more methods having non-blocking calls)
- *
- *  When not specified otherwise, the hook implementations are mandatory: if they are not
- *  implemented, the methods trying to call hook will fail. To provide backward compatibility,
- *  in the future hooks will be optional (if they are not implemented, due to the scheduler
- *  being created for the older Ruby version, the code which needs this hook will not fail,
- *  and will just behave in a blocking fashion).
- *
- *  It is also strongly recommended that the scheduler implements the #fiber method, which is
- *  delegated to by Fiber.schedule.
- *
- *  Sample _toy_ implementation of the scheduler can be found in Ruby's code, in
- *  <tt>test/fiber/scheduler.rb</tt>
- *
- */
-
-#if 0 /* for RDoc */
-/*
- *
- *  Document-method: Fiber::SchedulerInterface#close
- *
- *  Called when the current thread exits. The scheduler is expected to implement this
- *  method in order to allow all waiting fibers to finalize their execution.
- *
- *  The suggested pattern is to implement the main event loop in the #close method.
- *
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_close(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#process_wait
- *  call-seq: process_wait(pid, flags)
- *
- *  Invoked by Process::Status.wait in order to wait for a specified process.
- *  See that method description for arguments description.
- *
- *  Suggested minimal implementation:
- *
- *      Thread.new do
- *        Process::Status.wait(pid, flags)
- *      end.value
- *
- *  This hook is optional: if it is not present in the current scheduler,
- *  Process::Status.wait will behave as a blocking method.
- *
- *  Expected to return a Process::Status instance.
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_process_wait(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#io_wait
- *  call-seq: io_wait(io, events, timeout)
- *
- *  Invoked by IO#wait, IO#wait_readable, IO#wait_writable to ask whether the
- *  specified descriptor is ready for specified events within
- *  the specified +timeout+.
- *
- *  +events+ is a bit mask of <tt>IO::READABLE</tt>, <tt>IO::WRITABLE</tt>, and
- *  <tt>IO::PRIORITY</tt>.
- *
- *  Suggested implementation should register which Fiber is waiting for which
- *  resources and immediately calling Fiber.yield to pass control to other
- *  fibers. Then, in the #close method, the scheduler might dispatch all the
- *  I/O resources to fibers waiting for it.
- *
- *  Expected to return the subset of events that are ready immediately.
- *
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_io_wait(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#io_read
- *  call-seq: io_read(io, buffer, length) -> read length or -errno
- *
- *  Invoked by IO#read to read +length+ bytes from +io+ into a specified
- *  +buffer+ (see IO::Buffer).
- *
- *  The +length+ argument is the "minimum length to be read".
- *  If the IO buffer size is 8KiB, but the +length+ is +1024+ (1KiB), up to
- *  8KiB might be read, but at least 1KiB will be.
- *  Generally, the only case where less data than +length+ will be read is if
- *  there is an error reading the data.
- *
- *  Specifying a +length+ of 0 is valid and means try reading at least once
- *  and return any available data.
- *
- *  Suggested implementation should try to read from +io+ in a non-blocking
- *  manner and call #io_wait if the +io+ is not ready (which will yield control
- *  to other fibers).
- *
- *  See IO::Buffer for an interface available to return data.
- *
- *  Expected to return number of bytes read, or, in case of an error, <tt>-errno</tt>
- *  (negated number corresponding to system's error code).
- *
- *  The method should be considered _experimental_.
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_io_read(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#io_write
- *  call-seq: io_write(io, buffer, length) -> written length or -errno
- *
- *  Invoked by IO#write to write +length+ bytes to +io+ from
- *  from a specified +buffer+ (see IO::Buffer).
- *
- *  The +length+ argument is the "(minimum) length to be written".
- *  If the IO buffer size is 8KiB, but the +length+ specified is 1024 (1KiB),
- *  at most 8KiB will be written, but at least 1KiB will be.
- *  Generally, the only case where less data than +length+ will be written is if
- *  there is an error writing the data.
- *
- *  Specifying a +length+ of 0 is valid and means try writing at least once,
- *  as much data as possible.
- *
- *  Suggested implementation should try to write to +io+ in a non-blocking
- *  manner and call #io_wait if the +io+ is not ready (which will yield control
- *  to other fibers).
- *
- *  See IO::Buffer for an interface available to get data from buffer efficiently.
- *
- *  Expected to return number of bytes written, or, in case of an error, <tt>-errno</tt>
- *  (negated number corresponding to system's error code).
- *
- *  The method should be considered _experimental_.
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_io_write(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#kernel_sleep
- *  call-seq: kernel_sleep(duration = nil)
- *
- *  Invoked by Kernel#sleep and Mutex#sleep and is expected to provide
- *  an implementation of sleeping in a non-blocking way. Implementation might
- *  register the current fiber in some list of "which fiber wait until what
- *  moment", call Fiber.yield to pass control, and then in #close resume
- *  the fibers whose wait period has elapsed.
- *
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_kernel_sleep(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#address_resolve
- *  call-seq: address_resolve(hostname) -> array_of_strings or nil
- *
- *  Invoked by any method that performs a non-reverse DNS lookup. The most
- *  notable method is Addrinfo.getaddrinfo, but there are many other.
- *
- *  The method is expected to return an array of strings corresponding to ip
- *  addresses the +hostname+ is resolved to, or +nil+ if it can not be resolved.
- *
- *  Fairly exhaustive list of all possible call-sites:
- *
- *  - Addrinfo.getaddrinfo
- *  - Addrinfo.tcp
- *  - Addrinfo.udp
- *  - Addrinfo.ip
- *  - Addrinfo.new
- *  - Addrinfo.marshal_load
- *  - SOCKSSocket.new
- *  - TCPServer.new
- *  - TCPSocket.new
- *  - IPSocket.getaddress
- *  - TCPSocket.gethostbyname
- *  - UDPSocket#connect
- *  - UDPSocket#bind
- *  - UDPSocket#send
- *  - Socket.getaddrinfo
- *  - Socket.gethostbyname
- *  - Socket.pack_sockaddr_in
- *  - Socket.sockaddr_in
- *  - Socket.unpack_sockaddr_in
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_address_resolve(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#timeout_after
- *  call-seq: timeout_after(duration, exception_class, *exception_arguments, &block) -> result of block
- *
- *  Invoked by Timeout.timeout to execute the given +block+ within the given
- *  +duration+. It can also be invoked directly by the scheduler or user code.
- *
- *  Attempt to limit the execution time of a given +block+ to the given
- *  +duration+ if possible. When a non-blocking operation causes the +block+'s
- *  execution time to exceed the specified +duration+, that non-blocking
- *  operation should be interrupted by raising the specified +exception_class+
- *  constructed with the given +exception_arguments+.
- *
- *  General execution timeouts are often considered risky. This implementation
- *  will only interrupt non-blocking operations. This is by design because it's
- *  expected that non-blocking operations can fail for a variety of
- *  unpredictable reasons, so applications should already be robust in handling
- *  these conditions and by implication timeouts.
- *
- *  However, as a result of this design, if the +block+ does not invoke any
- *  non-blocking operations, it will be impossible to interrupt it. If you
- *  desire to provide predictable points for timeouts, consider adding
- *  +sleep(0)+.
- *
- *  If the block is executed successfully, its result will be returned.
- *
- *  The exception will typically be raised using Fiber#raise.
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_timeout_after(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#block
- *  call-seq: block(blocker, timeout = nil)
- *
- *  Invoked by methods like Thread.join, and by Mutex, to signify that current
- *  Fiber is blocked until further notice (e.g. #unblock) or until +timeout+ has
- *  elapsed.
- *
- *  +blocker+ is what we are waiting on, informational only (for debugging and
- *  logging). There are no guarantee about its value.
- *
- *  Expected to return boolean, specifying whether the blocking operation was
- *  successful or not.
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_block(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#unblock
- *  call-seq: unblock(blocker, fiber)
- *
- *  Invoked to wake up Fiber previously blocked with #block (for example, Mutex#lock
- *  calls #block and Mutex#unlock calls #unblock). The scheduler should use
- *  the +fiber+ parameter to understand which fiber is unblocked.
- *
- *  +blocker+ is what was awaited for, but it is informational only (for debugging
- *  and logging), and it is not guaranteed to be the same value as the +blocker+ for
- *  #block.
- *
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_unblock(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- *  Document-method: SchedulerInterface#fiber
- *  call-seq: fiber(&block)
- *
- *  Implementation of the Fiber.schedule. The method is <em>expected</em> to immediately
- *  run the given block of code in a separate non-blocking fiber, and to return that Fiber.
- *
- *  Minimal suggested implementation is:
- *
- *     def fiber(&block)
- *       fiber = Fiber.new(blocking: false, &block)
- *       fiber.resume
- *       fiber
- *     end
- */
-static VALUE
-rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_fiber(VALUE self)
-{
-}
-#endif
-
 void
 Init_Cont(void)
 {
@@ -3290,10 +3460,20 @@ Init_Cont(void)
 
     fiber_initialize_keywords[0] = rb_intern_const("blocking");
     fiber_initialize_keywords[1] = rb_intern_const("pool");
+    fiber_initialize_keywords[2] = rb_intern_const("storage");
 
     const char *fiber_shared_fiber_pool_free_stacks = getenv("RUBY_SHARED_FIBER_POOL_FREE_STACKS");
     if (fiber_shared_fiber_pool_free_stacks) {
         shared_fiber_pool.free_stacks = atoi(fiber_shared_fiber_pool_free_stacks);
+
+        if (shared_fiber_pool.free_stacks < 0) {
+            rb_warn("Setting RUBY_SHARED_FIBER_POOL_FREE_STACKS to a negative value is not allowed.");
+            shared_fiber_pool.free_stacks = 0;
+        }
+
+        if (shared_fiber_pool.free_stacks > 1) {
+            rb_warn("Setting RUBY_SHARED_FIBER_POOL_FREE_STACKS to a value greater than 1 is operating system specific, and may cause crashes.");
+        }
     }
 
     rb_cFiber = rb_define_class("Fiber", rb_cObject);
@@ -3301,10 +3481,17 @@ Init_Cont(void)
     rb_eFiberError = rb_define_class("FiberError", rb_eStandardError);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFiber, "yield", rb_fiber_s_yield, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFiber, "current", rb_fiber_s_current, 0);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFiber, "blocking", rb_fiber_blocking, 0);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFiber, "[]", rb_fiber_storage_aref, 1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFiber, "[]=", rb_fiber_storage_aset, 2);
+
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "initialize", rb_fiber_initialize, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "blocking?", rb_fiber_blocking_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "storage", rb_fiber_storage_get, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "storage=", rb_fiber_storage_set, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "resume", rb_fiber_m_resume, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "raise", rb_fiber_m_raise, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "kill", rb_fiber_m_kill, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "backtrace", rb_fiber_backtrace, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "backtrace_locations", rb_fiber_backtrace_locations, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cFiber, "to_s", fiber_to_s, 0);
@@ -3319,21 +3506,6 @@ Init_Cont(void)
 
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFiber, "schedule", rb_fiber_s_schedule, -1);
 
-#if 0 /* for RDoc */
-    rb_cFiberScheduler = rb_define_class_under(rb_cFiber, "SchedulerInterface", rb_cObject);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "close", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_close, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "process_wait", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_process_wait, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "io_wait", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_io_wait, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "io_read", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_io_read, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "io_write", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_io_write, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "kernel_sleep", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_kernel_sleep, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "address_resolve", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_address_resolve, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "timeout_after", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_timeout_after, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "block", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_block, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "unblock", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_unblock, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFiberScheduler, "fiber", rb_fiber_scheduler_interface_fiber, 0);
-#endif
-
 #ifdef RB_EXPERIMENTAL_FIBER_POOL
     rb_cFiberPool = rb_define_class_under(rb_cFiber, "Pool", rb_cObject);
     rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cFiberPool, fiber_pool_alloc);
diff --git a/coroutine/amd64/Context.S b/coroutine/amd64/Context.S
index d50732adbc..056c276a31 100644
--- a/coroutine/amd64/Context.S
+++ b/coroutine/amd64/Context.S
@@ -13,29 +13,35 @@
 .globl PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer)
 PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
 
-	# Save caller state
-	pushq %rbp
-	pushq %rbx
-	pushq %r12
-	pushq %r13
-	pushq %r14
-	pushq %r15
-
-	# Save caller stack pointer
+	# Make space on the stack for 6 registers:
+	subq $48, %rsp
+
+	# Save caller state:
+	movq %rbp, 40(%rsp)
+	movq %rbx, 32(%rsp)
+	movq %r12, 24(%rsp)
+	movq %r13, 16(%rsp)
+	movq %r14, 8(%rsp)
+	movq %r15, (%rsp)
+
+	# Save caller stack pointer:
 	movq %rsp, (%rdi)
 
-	# Restore callee stack pointer
+	# Restore callee stack pointer:
 	movq (%rsi), %rsp
 
 	# Restore callee state
-	popq %r15
-	popq %r14
-	popq %r13
-	popq %r12
-	popq %rbx
-	popq %rbp
-
-	# Put the first argument into the return value
+	movq 40(%rsp), %rbp
+	movq 32(%rsp), %rbx
+	movq 24(%rsp), %r12
+	movq 16(%rsp), %r13
+	movq 8(%rsp), %r14
+	movq (%rsp), %r15
+
+	# Adjust stack pointer back:
+	addq $48, %rsp
+
+	# Put the first argument into the return value:
 	movq %rdi, %rax
 
 	# We pop the return address and jump to it
diff --git a/coroutine/arm64/Context.S b/coroutine/arm64/Context.S
index 07d50d30df..eeb0f774a3 100644
--- a/coroutine/arm64/Context.S
+++ b/coroutine/arm64/Context.S
@@ -18,11 +18,25 @@
 .align 2
 #endif
 
+## NOTE(PAC): Use we HINT mnemonics instead of PAC mnemonics to
+## keep compatibility with those assemblers that don't support PAC.
+##
+## See "Providing protection for complex software" for more details about PAC/BTI
+## https://developer.arm.com/architectures/learn-the-architecture/providing-protection-for-complex-software
+
 .global PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer)
 PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
 
+#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT) && (__ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT != 0)
+	# paciasp (it also acts as BTI landing pad, so no need to insert BTI also)
+	hint #25
+#elif defined(__ARM_FEATURE_BTI_DEFAULT) && (__ARM_FEATURE_BTI_DEFAULT != 0)
+	# For the the case PAC is not enabled but BTI is.
+	# bti c
+	hint #34
+#endif
 	# Make space on the stack for caller registers
-	sub sp, sp, 0xb0
+	sub sp, sp, 0xa0
 
 	# Save caller registers
 	stp d8, d9, [sp, 0x00]
@@ -36,9 +50,6 @@ PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
 	stp x27, x28, [sp, 0x80]
 	stp x29, x30, [sp, 0x90]
 
-	# Save return address
-	str x30, [sp, 0xa0]
-
 	# Save stack pointer to x0 (first argument)
 	mov x2, sp
 	str x2, [x0, 0]
@@ -59,15 +70,51 @@ PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
 	ldp x27, x28, [sp, 0x80]
 	ldp x29, x30, [sp, 0x90]
 
-	# Load return address into x4
-	ldr x4, [sp, 0xa0]
-
 	# Pop stack frame
-	add sp, sp, 0xb0
+	add sp, sp, 0xa0
 
-	# Jump to return address (in x4)
-	ret x4
+#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT) && (__ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT != 0)
+	# autiasp: Authenticate x30 (LR) with SP and key A
+	hint #29
+#endif
+
+	# Jump to return address (in x30)
+	ret
 
 #if defined(__linux__) && defined(__ELF__)
 .section .note.GNU-stack,"",%progbits
 #endif
+
+#if __ARM_FEATURE_BTI_DEFAULT != 0 || __ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT != 0
+/*  See "ELF for the Arm 64-bit Architecture (AArch64)"
+    https://github.com/ARM-software/abi-aa/blob/2023Q3/aaelf64/aaelf64.rst#program-property */
+#  define GNU_PROPERTY_AARCH64_FEATURE_1_BTI (1<<0)
+#  define GNU_PROPERTY_AARCH64_FEATURE_1_PAC (1<<1)
+
+#  if __ARM_FEATURE_BTI_DEFAULT != 0
+#    define BTI_FLAG GNU_PROPERTY_AARCH64_FEATURE_1_BTI
+#  else
+#    define BTI_FLAG 0
+#  endif
+#  if __ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT != 0
+#    define PAC_FLAG GNU_PROPERTY_AARCH64_FEATURE_1_PAC
+#  else
+#    define PAC_FLAG 0
+#  endif
+
+  # The note section format is described by Note Section in Chapter 5
+  # of "System V Application Binary Interface, Edition 4.1".
+  .pushsection .note.gnu.property, "a"
+  .p2align 3
+  .long 0x4        /* Name size ("GNU\0") */
+  .long 0x10       /* Descriptor size */
+  .long 0x5        /* Type: NT_GNU_PROPERTY_TYPE_0 */
+  .asciz "GNU"     /* Name */
+  # Begin descriptor
+  .long 0xc0000000 /* Property type: GNU_PROPERTY_AARCH64_FEATURE_1_AND */
+  .long 0x4        /* Property size */
+  .long (BTI_FLAG|PAC_FLAG)
+  .long 0x0        /* 8-byte alignment padding */
+  # End descriptor
+  .popsection
+#endif
diff --git a/coroutine/arm64/Context.h b/coroutine/arm64/Context.h
index 1472621f48..1819fa5be9 100644
--- a/coroutine/arm64/Context.h
+++ b/coroutine/arm64/Context.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #define COROUTINE __attribute__((noreturn)) void
 
-enum {COROUTINE_REGISTERS = 0xb0 / 8};
+enum {COROUTINE_REGISTERS = 0xa0 / 8};
 
 #if defined(__SANITIZE_ADDRESS__)
     #define COROUTINE_SANITIZE_ADDRESS
@@ -50,6 +50,23 @@ static inline void coroutine_initialize_main(struct coroutine_context * context)
     context->stack_pointer = NULL;
 }
 
+#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT) && __ARM_FEATURE_PAC_DEFAULT != 0
+// Sign the given instruction address with the given modifier and key A
+static inline void *ptrauth_sign_instruction_addr(void *addr, void *modifier) {
+    register void *r17 __asm("r17") = addr;
+    register void *r16 __asm("r16") = modifier;
+    // Use HINT mnemonic instead of PACIA1716 for compatibility with older assemblers.
+    asm ("hint #8;" : "+r"(r17) : "r"(r16));
+    addr = r17;
+    return addr;
+}
+#else
+// No-op if PAC is not enabled
+static inline void *ptrauth_sign_instruction_addr(void *addr, void *modifier) {
+    return addr;
+}
+#endif
+
 static inline void coroutine_initialize(
     struct coroutine_context *context,
     coroutine_start start,
@@ -66,12 +83,13 @@ static inline void coroutine_initialize(
 
     // Stack grows down. Force 16-byte alignment.
     char * top = (char*)stack + size;
-    context->stack_pointer = (void**)((uintptr_t)top & ~0xF);
+    top = (char *)((uintptr_t)top & ~0xF);
+    context->stack_pointer = (void**)top;
 
     context->stack_pointer -= COROUTINE_REGISTERS;
     memset(context->stack_pointer, 0, sizeof(void*) * COROUTINE_REGISTERS);
 
-    context->stack_pointer[0xa0 / 8] = (void*)start;
+    context->stack_pointer[0x98 / 8] = ptrauth_sign_instruction_addr((void*)start, (void*)top);
 }
 
 struct coroutine_context * coroutine_transfer(struct coroutine_context * current, struct coroutine_context * target);
diff --git a/coroutine/loongarch64/Context.S b/coroutine/loongarch64/Context.S
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..662f5dfb6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/coroutine/loongarch64/Context.S
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#define TOKEN_PASTE(x,y) x##y
+#define PREFIXED_SYMBOL(prefix,name) TOKEN_PASTE(prefix,name)
+
+.text
+.align 2
+
+.global PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer)
+PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
+
+	# Make space on the stack for caller registers
+	addi.d $sp, $sp, -0xa0
+
+	# Save caller registers
+	st.d $s0, $sp, 0x00
+	st.d $s1, $sp, 0x08
+	st.d $s2, $sp, 0x10
+	st.d $s3, $sp, 0x18
+	st.d $s4, $sp, 0x20
+	st.d $s5, $sp, 0x28
+	st.d $s6, $sp, 0x30
+	st.d $s7, $sp, 0x38
+	st.d $s8, $sp, 0x40
+	st.d $fp, $sp, 0x48
+	fst.d $fs0, $sp, 0x50
+	fst.d $fs1, $sp, 0x58
+	fst.d $fs2, $sp, 0x60
+	fst.d $fs3, $sp, 0x68
+	fst.d $fs4, $sp, 0x70
+	fst.d $fs5, $sp, 0x78
+	fst.d $fs6, $sp, 0x80
+	fst.d $fs7, $sp, 0x88
+
+	# Save return address
+	st.d $ra, $sp, 0x90
+
+	# Save stack pointer to a0 (first argument)
+	st.d $sp, $a0, 0x00
+
+	# Load stack pointer from a1 (second argument)
+	ld.d $sp, $a1, 0x00
+
+	# Restore caller registers
+	ld.d $s0, $sp, 0x00
+	ld.d $s1, $sp, 0x08
+	ld.d $s2, $sp, 0x10
+	ld.d $s3, $sp, 0x18
+	ld.d $s4, $sp, 0x20
+	ld.d $s5, $sp, 0x28
+	ld.d $s6, $sp, 0x30
+	ld.d $s7, $sp, 0x38
+	ld.d $s8, $sp, 0x40
+	ld.d $fp, $sp, 0x48
+	fld.d $fs0, $sp, 0x50
+	fld.d $fs1, $sp, 0x58
+	fld.d $fs2, $sp, 0x60
+	fld.d $fs3, $sp, 0x68
+	fld.d $fs4, $sp, 0x70
+	fld.d $fs5, $sp, 0x78
+	fld.d $fs6, $sp, 0x80
+	fld.d $fs7, $sp, 0x88
+
+	# Load return address
+	ld.d $ra, $sp, 0x90
+
+	# Pop stack frame
+	addi.d $sp, $sp, 0xa0	
+
+	# Jump to return address
+	jr $ra
+
+#if defined(__linux__) && defined(__ELF__)
+.section .note.GNU-stack,"",%progbits
+#endif
diff --git a/coroutine/loongarch64/Context.h b/coroutine/loongarch64/Context.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..668c9a965e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/coroutine/loongarch64/Context.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define COROUTINE __attribute__((noreturn)) void
+
+enum {COROUTINE_REGISTERS = 0xa0 / 8};
+
+struct coroutine_context
+{
+    void **stack_pointer;
+    void *argument;
+};
+
+typedef COROUTINE(* coroutine_start)(struct coroutine_context *from, struct coroutine_context *self);
+
+static inline void coroutine_initialize_main(struct coroutine_context * context) {
+    context->stack_pointer = NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void coroutine_initialize(
+    struct coroutine_context *context,
+    coroutine_start start,
+    void *stack,
+    size_t size
+) {
+    assert(start && stack && size >= 1024);
+
+    // Stack grows down. Force 16-byte alignment.
+    char * top = (char*)stack + size;
+    context->stack_pointer = (void**)((uintptr_t)top & ~0xF);
+
+    context->stack_pointer -= COROUTINE_REGISTERS;
+    memset(context->stack_pointer, 0, sizeof(void*) * COROUTINE_REGISTERS);
+
+    context->stack_pointer[0x90 / 8] = (void*)start;
+}
+
+struct coroutine_context * coroutine_transfer(struct coroutine_context * current, struct coroutine_context * target);
+
+static inline void coroutine_destroy(struct coroutine_context * context)
+{
+}
diff --git a/coroutine/ppc/Context.S b/coroutine/ppc/Context.S
index fe28390df0..e2431a9250 100644
--- a/coroutine/ppc/Context.S
+++ b/coroutine/ppc/Context.S
@@ -1,73 +1,90 @@
+; Based on the code by Samuel Williams. Created by Sergey Fedorov on 04/06/2022.
+; Credits to Samuel Williams, Rei Odaira and Iain Sandoe. Errors, if any, are mine.
+; Some relevant examples: https://github.com/gcc-mirror/gcc/blob/master/libphobos/libdruntime/config/powerpc/switchcontext.S
+; https://github.com/gcc-mirror/gcc/blob/master/libgcc/config/rs6000/darwin-gpsave.S
+; https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/aix/7.2?topic=epilogs-saving-gprs-only
+; ppc32 version may be re-written compactly with stmw/lwm, but the code won't be faster, see: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5927#issuecomment-1139730541
+
+; Notice that this code is only for Darwin (macOS). Darwin ABI differs from AIX and ELF.
+; To add support for AIX, *BSD or *Linux, please make separate implementations.
+
 #define TOKEN_PASTE(x,y) x##y
 #define PREFIXED_SYMBOL(prefix,name) TOKEN_PASTE(prefix,name)
 
+.machine ppc7400 ; = G4, Rosetta
 .text
-.align 2
 
 .globl PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer)
+.align 2
+
 PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
-	# Make space on the stack for caller registers
-	addi r1,r1,-80
+	; Make space on the stack for caller registers
+	; (Should we rather use red zone? See libphobos example.)
+	subi r1,r1,80
+
+	; Get LR
+	mflr r0
 
-	# Save caller registers
-	stw r13,0(r1)
-	stw r14,4(r1)
-	stw r15,8(r1)
-	stw r16,12(r1)
-	stw r17,16(r1)
-	stw r18,20(r1)
-	stw r19,24(r1)
-	stw r20,28(r1)
-	stw r21,32(r1)
+	; Save caller registers
+	stw r31,0(r1)
+	stw r30,4(r1)
+	stw r29,8(r1)
+	stw r28,12(r1)
+	stw r27,16(r1)
+	stw r26,20(r1)
+	stw r25,24(r1)
+	stw r24,28(r1)
+	stw r23,32(r1)
 	stw r22,36(r1)
-	stw r23,40(r1)
-	stw r24,44(r1)
-	stw r25,48(r1)
-	stw r26,52(r1)
-	stw r27,56(r1)
-	stw r28,60(r1)
-	stw r29,64(r1)
-	stw r30,68(r1)
-	stw r31,72(r1)
+	stw r21,40(r1)
+	stw r20,44(r1)
+	stw r19,48(r1)
+	stw r18,52(r1)
+	stw r17,56(r1)
+	stw r16,60(r1)
+	stw r15,64(r1)
+	stw r14,68(r1)
+	stw r13,72(r1)
 
-	# Save return address
-	mflr r0
+	; Save return address
+	; Possibly should rather be saved into linkage area, see libphobos and IBM docs
 	stw r0,76(r1)
 
-	# Save stack pointer to first argument
+	; Save stack pointer to first argument
 	stw r1,0(r3)
 
-	# Load stack pointer from second argument
+	; Load stack pointer from second argument
 	lwz r1,0(r4)
 
-	# Restore caller registers
-	lwz r13,0(r1)
-	lwz r14,4(r1)
-	lwz r15,8(r1)
-	lwz r16,12(r1)
-	lwz r17,16(r1)
-	lwz r18,20(r1)
-	lwz r19,24(r1)
-	lwz r20,28(r1)
-	lwz r21,32(r1)
+	; Load return address
+	lwz r0,76(r1)
+
+	; Restore caller registers
+	lwz r13,72(r1)
+	lwz r14,68(r1)
+	lwz r15,64(r1)
+	lwz r16,60(r1)
+	lwz r17,56(r1)
+	lwz r18,52(r1)
+	lwz r19,48(r1)
+	lwz r20,44(r1)
+	lwz r21,40(r1)
 	lwz r22,36(r1)
-	lwz r23,40(r1)
-	lwz r24,44(r1)
-	lwz r25,48(r1)
-	lwz r26,52(r1)
-	lwz r27,56(r1)
-	lwz r28,60(r1)
-	lwz r29,64(r1)
-	lwz r30,68(r1)
-	lwz r31,72(r1)
+	lwz r23,32(r1)
+	lwz r24,28(r1)
+	lwz r25,24(r1)
+	lwz r26,20(r1)
+	lwz r27,16(r1)
+	lwz r28,12(r1)
+	lwz r29,8(r1)
+	lwz r30,4(r1)
+	lwz r31,0(r1)
 
-	# Load return address
-	lwz r0,76(r1)
+	; Set LR
 	mtlr r0
 
-	# Pop stack frame
+	; Pop stack frame
 	addi r1,r1,80
 
-	# Jump to return address
+	; Jump to return address
 	blr
-
diff --git a/coroutine/ppc/Context.h b/coroutine/ppc/Context.h
index 9f69390388..8035d08556 100644
--- a/coroutine/ppc/Context.h
+++ b/coroutine/ppc/Context.h
@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 #define COROUTINE __attribute__((noreturn)) void
+#define COROUTINE_LIMITED_ADDRESS_SPACE
 
 enum {
   COROUTINE_REGISTERS =
-  20  /* 19 general purpose registers (r13–r31) and 1 return address */
+  20  /* 19 general purpose registers (r13-r31) and 1 return address */
   + 4  /* space for fiber_entry() to store the link register */
 };
 
diff --git a/coroutine/ppc64/Context.S b/coroutine/ppc64/Context.S
index 1bd9268f93..f8561e0e7d 100644
--- a/coroutine/ppc64/Context.S
+++ b/coroutine/ppc64/Context.S
@@ -1,70 +1,89 @@
+; Based on the code by Samuel Williams. Created by Sergey Fedorov on 04/06/2022.
+; Credits to Samuel Williams, Rei Odaira and Iain Sandoe. Errors, if any, are mine.
+; Some relevant examples: https://github.com/gcc-mirror/gcc/blob/master/libphobos/libdruntime/config/powerpc/switchcontext.S
+; https://github.com/gcc-mirror/gcc/blob/master/libgcc/config/rs6000/darwin-gpsave.S
+; https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/aix/7.2?topic=epilogs-saving-gprs-only
+
+; Notice that this code is only for Darwin (macOS). Darwin ABI differs from AIX and ELF.
+; To add support for AIX, *BSD or *Linux, please make separate implementations.
+
 #define TOKEN_PASTE(x,y) x##y
 #define PREFIXED_SYMBOL(prefix,name) TOKEN_PASTE(prefix,name)
 
+.machine ppc64 ; = G5
 .text
-.align 3
 
 .globl PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer)
-PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
-	# Make space on the stack for caller registers
-	addi r1,r1,-152
+.align 2
 
-	# Save caller registers
-	std r14,0(r1)
-	std r15,8(r1)
-	std r16,16(r1)
-	std r17,24(r1)
-	std r18,32(r1)
-	std r19,40(r1)
-	std r20,48(r1)
-	std r21,56(r1)
-	std r22,64(r1)
-	std r23,72(r1)
-	std r24,80(r1)
-	std r25,88(r1)
-	std r26,96(r1)
-	std r27,104(r1)
-	std r28,112(r1)
-	std r29,120(r1)
-	std r30,128(r1)
-	std r31,136(r1)
+PREFIXED_SYMBOL(SYMBOL_PREFIX,coroutine_transfer):
+	; Make space on the stack for caller registers
+	; (Should we rather use red zone? See libphobos example.)
+	subi r1,r1,160
 
-	# Save return address
+	; Get LR
 	mflr r0
-	std r0,144(r1)
 
-	# Save stack pointer to first argument
+	; Save caller registers
+	std r31,0(r1)
+	std r30,8(r1)
+	std r29,16(r1)
+	std r28,24(r1)
+	std r27,32(r1)
+	std r26,40(r1)
+	std r25,48(r1)
+	std r24,56(r1)
+	std r23,64(r1)
+	std r22,72(r1)
+	std r21,80(r1)
+	std r20,88(r1)
+	std r19,96(r1)
+	std r18,104(r1)
+	std r17,112(r1)
+	std r16,120(r1)
+	std r15,128(r1)
+	std r14,136(r1)
+	std r13,144(r1)
+
+	; Save return address
+	; Possibly should rather be saved into linkage area, see libphobos and IBM docs
+	std r0,152(r1)
+
+	; Save stack pointer to first argument
 	std r1,0(r3)
 
-	# Load stack pointer from second argument
+	; Load stack pointer from second argument
 	ld r1,0(r4)
 
-	# Restore caller registers
-	ld r14,0(r1)
-	ld r15,8(r1)
-	ld r16,16(r1)
-	ld r17,24(r1)
-	ld r18,32(r1)
-	ld r19,40(r1)
-	ld r20,48(r1)
-	ld r21,56(r1)
-	ld r22,64(r1)
-	ld r23,72(r1)
-	ld r24,80(r1)
-	ld r25,88(r1)
-	ld r26,96(r1)
-	ld r27,104(r1)
-	ld r28,112(r1)
-	ld r29,120(r1)
-	ld r30,128(r1)
-	ld r31,136(r1)
+	; Load return address
+	ld r0,152(r1)
+
+	; Restore caller registers
+	ld r13,144(r1)
+	ld r14,136(r1)
+	ld r15,128(r1)
+	ld r16,120(r1)
+	ld r17,112(r1)
+	ld r18,104(r1)
+	ld r19,96(r1)
+	ld r20,88(r1)
+	ld r21,80(r1)
+	ld r22,72(r1)
+	ld r23,64(r1)
+	ld r24,56(r1)
+	ld r25,48(r1)
+	ld r26,40(r1)
+	ld r27,32(r1)
+	ld r28,24(r1)
+	ld r29,16(r1)
+	ld r30,8(r1)
+	ld r31,0(r1)
 
-	# Load return address
-	ld r0,144(r1)
+	; Set LR
 	mtlr r0
 
-	# Pop stack frame
-	addi r1,r1,152
+	; Pop stack frame
+	addi r1,r1,160
 
-	# Jump to return address
+	; Jump to return address
 	blr
diff --git a/coroutine/ppc64/Context.h b/coroutine/ppc64/Context.h
index 5b47511b9c..085b475ed5 100644
--- a/coroutine/ppc64/Context.h
+++ b/coroutine/ppc64/Context.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 enum {
   COROUTINE_REGISTERS =
-  19  /* 18 general purpose registers (r14–r31) and 1 return address */
+  20  /* 19 general purpose registers (r13-r31) and 1 return address */
   + 4  /* space for fiber_entry() to store the link register */
 };
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ static inline void coroutine_initialize(
     memset(context->stack_pointer, 0, sizeof(void*) * COROUTINE_REGISTERS);
 
     /* Skip a global prologue that sets the TOC register */
-    context->stack_pointer[18] = ((char*)start) + 8;
+    context->stack_pointer[19] = ((char*)start) + 8;
 }
 
 struct coroutine_context * coroutine_transfer(struct coroutine_context * current, struct coroutine_context * target);
diff --git a/cygwin/GNUmakefile.in b/cygwin/GNUmakefile.in
index da00b8aa3c..192a8cc711 100644
--- a/cygwin/GNUmakefile.in
+++ b/cygwin/GNUmakefile.in
@@ -2,15 +2,19 @@ gnumake = yes
 
 include Makefile
 
-ENABLE_SHARED=@ENABLE_SHARED@
-DLLWRAP = @DLLWRAP@ --target=@target_os@ --driver-name="$(CC)"
-windres-cpp := $(CPP) -xc
-windres-cpp := --preprocessor=$(firstword $(windres-cpp)) \
-	$(addprefix --preprocessor-arg=,$(wordlist 2,$(words $(windres-cpp)),$(windres-cpp)))
+DLLWRAP = @DLLWRAP@ --target=$(target_os) --driver-name="$(CC)"
+ifeq (@USE_LLVM_WINDRES@,yes) # USE_LLVM_WINDRES
+	# llvm-windres fails when preprocessor options are added
+	windres-cpp :=
+else
+	windres-cpp := $(CPP) -xc
+	windres-cpp := --preprocessor=$(firstword $(windres-cpp)) \
+		$(addprefix --preprocessor-arg=,$(wordlist 2,$(words $(windres-cpp)),$(windres-cpp)))
+endif
 WINDRES = @WINDRES@ $(windres-cpp) -DRC_INVOKED
 STRIP = @STRIP@
 
-ifeq (@target_os@,cygwin)
+ifeq ($(target_os),cygwin)
   DLL_BASE_NAME := $(LIBRUBY_SO:.dll=)
 else
   DLL_BASE_NAME := $(RUBY_SO_NAME)
@@ -38,35 +42,36 @@ WPROGRAM = $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME)$(EXEEXT)
 
 include $(srcdir)/template/GNUmakefile.in
 
-SOLIBS := $(DLL_BASE_NAME).res.@OBJEXT@ $(SOLIBS)
+SOLIBS := $(DLL_BASE_NAME).res.$(OBJEXT) $(SOLIBS)
 override EXTOBJS += $(if $(filter-out $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME),$(@:$(EXEEXT)=)),$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME),$(@:$(EXEEXT)=)).res.$(OBJEXT)
 RCFILES = $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).rc $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).rc $(DLL_BASE_NAME).rc
 RUBYDEF = $(DLL_BASE_NAME).def
+override LIBRUBY_FOR_LEAKED_GLOBALS := # DLL shows symbols from import library
 
 ruby: $(PROGRAM)
 rubyw: $(WPROGRAM)
 
 $(LIBRUBY): $(RUBY_EXP) $(LIBRUBY_SO)
-$(RUBY_EXP) $(LIBRUBY_SO): $(DLL_BASE_NAME).res.@OBJEXT@
+$(RUBY_EXP) $(LIBRUBY_SO): $(DLL_BASE_NAME).res.$(OBJEXT)
 
-%.res.@OBJEXT@: %.rc
+%.res.$(OBJEXT): %.rc
 	$(ECHO) compiling $@
 	$(Q) $(WINDRES) --include-dir . --include-dir $(<D) --include-dir $(srcdir)/win32 $< $@
 
-%.rc: $(RBCONFIG) $(srcdir)/revision.h $(srcdir)/win32/resource.rb
+%.rc: $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_FAKE) $(RBCONFIG) $(srcdir)/revision.h $(srcdir)/win32/resource.rb
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/win32/resource.rb \
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_COMMAND) $(srcdir)/win32/resource.rb \
 	  -ruby_name=$(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME) -rubyw_name=$(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME) \
 	  -so_name=$(DLL_BASE_NAME) -output=$(*F) \
 	  . $(icondirs) $(srcdir)/win32
 
-$(PROGRAM): $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).res.@OBJEXT@
-$(WPROGRAM): $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).res.@OBJEXT@
+$(PROGRAM): $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).res.$(OBJEXT)
+$(WPROGRAM): $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).res.$(OBJEXT)
 	@rm -f $@
 	$(ECHO) linking $@
 	$(Q) $(PURIFY) $(CC) -mwindows -e $(SYMBOL_PREFIX)mainCRTStartup $(LDFLAGS) $(XLDFLAGS) \
 	  $(MAINOBJ) $(EXTOBJS) $(LIBRUBYARG) $(LIBS) -o $@
-$(STUBPROGRAM): $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).res.@OBJEXT@
+$(STUBPROGRAM): $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).res.$(OBJEXT)
 
 $(RUBY_EXP): $(LIBRUBY_A)
 	$(ECHO) creating $@
@@ -78,7 +83,7 @@ $(RUBY_EXP): $(LIBRUBY_A)
 
 GNUmakefile:	$(srcdir)/cygwin/GNUmakefile.in
 
-ifeq (@target_os@,mingw32)
+ifeq ($(target_os),mingw32)
 $(OBJS) $(MAINOBJ): win32.h
 
 dir.$(OBJEXT) win32/win32.$(OBJEXT): win32/dir.h
@@ -95,11 +100,11 @@ endif
 
 $(LIBRUBY_SO): $(RUBYDEF)
 
-$(RUBYDEF): $(LIBRUBY_A) $(PREP) $(RBCONFIG)
+$(RUBYDEF): $(LIBRUBY_A) $(PREP) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_FAKE) $(RBCONFIG)
 	$(ECHO) generating $@
-	$(Q) $(MINIRUBY) $(srcdir)/win32/mkexports.rb -output=$@ $(LIBRUBY_A)
+	$(Q) $(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_COMMAND) $(srcdir)/win32/mkexports.rb -output=$@ $(LIBRUBY_A)
 
 clean-local::
 	@$(RM) $(RUBYDEF)
-	@$(RM) $(RUBY_EXP) $(RCFILES:.rc=.res.@OBJEXT@)
+	@$(RM) $(RUBY_EXP) $(RCFILES:.rc=.res.$(OBJEXT))
 	@$(RM) $(RCFILES)
diff --git a/darray.h b/darray.h
index c9a53f1e01..8e1e576355 100644
--- a/darray.h
+++ b/darray.h
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
+#include "internal/bits.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
+
 // Type for a dynamic array. Use to declare a dynamic array.
 // It is a pointer so it fits in st_table nicely. Designed
 // to be fairly type-safe.
@@ -37,66 +40,79 @@
 //
 #define rb_darray_ref(ary, idx) (&((ary)->data[(idx)]))
 
-// Copy a new element into the array. ptr_to_ary is evaluated multiple times.
-//
-// void rb_darray_append(rb_darray(T) *ptr_to_ary, T element);
-//
-#define rb_darray_append(ptr_to_ary, element) do {  \
-    rb_darray_ensure_space((ptr_to_ary), sizeof(**(ptr_to_ary)), \
-                           sizeof((*(ptr_to_ary))->data[0])); \
+/* Copy a new element into the array. ptr_to_ary is evaluated multiple times.
+ *
+ * void rb_darray_append(rb_darray(T) *ptr_to_ary, T element);
+ */
+#define rb_darray_append(ptr_to_ary, element) \
+    rb_darray_append_impl(ptr_to_ary, element, rb_xrealloc_mul_add)
+
+#define rb_darray_append_without_gc(ptr_to_ary, element) \
+    rb_darray_append_impl(ptr_to_ary, element, rb_darray_realloc_mul_add_without_gc)
+
+#define rb_darray_append_impl(ptr_to_ary, element, realloc_func) do {  \
+    rb_darray_ensure_space((ptr_to_ary), \
+                           sizeof(**(ptr_to_ary)), \
+                           sizeof((*(ptr_to_ary))->data[0]), \
+                           realloc_func); \
     rb_darray_set(*(ptr_to_ary), \
                   (*(ptr_to_ary))->meta.size, \
                   (element)); \
     (*(ptr_to_ary))->meta.size++; \
 } while (0)
 
-
-// Last element of the array
-//
-#define rb_darray_back(ary) ((ary)->data[(ary)->meta.size - 1])
-
-// Remove the last element of the array.
-//
-#define rb_darray_pop_back(ary) ((ary)->meta.size--)
-
-// Remove element at idx and replace it by the last element
-#define rb_darray_remove_unordered(ary, idx) do {   \
-    rb_darray_set(ary, idx, rb_darray_back(ary));   \
-    rb_darray_pop_back(ary);                        \
-} while (0);
-
 // Iterate over items of the array in a for loop
 //
 #define rb_darray_foreach(ary, idx_name, elem_ptr_var) \
     for (size_t idx_name = 0; idx_name < rb_darray_size(ary) && ((elem_ptr_var) = rb_darray_ref(ary, idx_name)); ++idx_name)
 
-// Iterate over valid indicies in the array in a for loop
+// Iterate over valid indices in the array in a for loop
 //
 #define rb_darray_for(ary, idx_name) \
     for (size_t idx_name = 0; idx_name < rb_darray_size(ary); ++idx_name)
 
-// Make a dynamic array of a certain size. All bytes backing the elements are set to zero.
-//
-// Note that NULL is a valid empty dynamic array.
-//
-// void rb_darray_make(rb_darray(T) *ptr_to_ary, size_t size);
-//
+/* Make a dynamic array of a certain size. All bytes backing the elements are set to zero.
+ * Return 1 on success and 0 on failure.
+ *
+ * Note that NULL is a valid empty dynamic array.
+ *
+ * void rb_darray_make(rb_darray(T) *ptr_to_ary, size_t size);
+ */
 #define rb_darray_make(ptr_to_ary, size) \
     rb_darray_make_impl((ptr_to_ary), size, sizeof(**(ptr_to_ary)), \
-                         sizeof((*(ptr_to_ary))->data[0]))
+                         sizeof((*(ptr_to_ary))->data[0]), rb_xcalloc_mul_add)
 
-#define rb_darray_data_ptr(ary) ((ary)->data)
+#define rb_darray_make_without_gc(ptr_to_ary, size) \
+    rb_darray_make_impl((ptr_to_ary), size, sizeof(**(ptr_to_ary)), \
+                        sizeof((*(ptr_to_ary))->data[0]), rb_darray_calloc_mul_add_without_gc)
 
-// Set the size of the array to zero without freeing the backing memory.
-// Allows reusing the same array.
-//
-#define rb_darray_clear(ary) (ary->meta.size = 0)
+/* Resize the darray to a new capacity. The new capacity must be greater than
+ * or equal to the size of the darray.
+ *
+ * void rb_darray_resize_capa(rb_darray(T) *ptr_to_ary, size_t capa);
+ */
+#define rb_darray_resize_capa_without_gc(ptr_to_ary, capa) \
+    rb_darray_resize_capa_impl((ptr_to_ary), rb_darray_next_power_of_two(capa), sizeof(**(ptr_to_ary)), \
+                               sizeof((*(ptr_to_ary))->data[0]), rb_darray_realloc_mul_add_without_gc)
+
+#define rb_darray_data_ptr(ary) ((ary)->data)
 
 typedef struct rb_darray_meta {
     size_t size;
     size_t capa;
 } rb_darray_meta_t;
 
+/* Set the size of the array to zero without freeing the backing memory.
+ * Allows reusing the same array. */
+static inline void
+rb_darray_clear(void *ary)
+{
+    rb_darray_meta_t *meta = ary;
+    if (meta) {
+        meta->size = 0;
+    }
+}
+
 // Get the size of the dynamic array.
 //
 static inline size_t
@@ -115,20 +131,86 @@ rb_darray_capa(const void *ary)
     return meta ? meta->capa : 0;
 }
 
-// Free the dynamic array.
-//
+/* Free the dynamic array. */
 static inline void
 rb_darray_free(void *ary)
 {
     rb_darray_meta_t *meta = ary;
-    ruby_sized_xfree(ary, meta->capa);
+    if (meta) ruby_sized_xfree(ary, meta->capa);
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_darray_free_without_gc(void *ary)
+{
+    free(ary);
+}
+
+/* Internal function. Like rb_xcalloc_mul_add but does not trigger GC and does
+ * not check for overflow in arithmetic. */
+static inline void *
+rb_darray_calloc_mul_add_without_gc(size_t x, size_t y, size_t z)
+{
+    size_t size = (x * y) + z;
+
+    void *ptr = calloc(1, size);
+    if (ptr == NULL) rb_bug("rb_darray_calloc_mul_add_without_gc: failed");
+
+    return ptr;
+}
+
+/* Internal function. Like rb_xrealloc_mul_add but does not trigger GC and does
+ * not check for overflow in arithmetic. */
+static inline void *
+rb_darray_realloc_mul_add_without_gc(const void *orig_ptr, size_t x, size_t y, size_t z)
+{
+    size_t size = (x * y) + z;
+
+    void *ptr = realloc((void *)orig_ptr, size);
+    if (ptr == NULL) rb_bug("rb_darray_realloc_mul_add_without_gc: failed");
+
+    return ptr;
+}
+
+/* Internal function. Returns the next power of two that is greater than or
+ * equal to n. */
+static inline size_t
+rb_darray_next_power_of_two(size_t n)
+{
+    return (size_t)(1 << (64 - nlz_int64(n)));
+}
+
+/* Internal function. Resizes the capacity of a darray. The new capacity must
+ * be greater than or equal to the size of the darray. */
+static inline void
+rb_darray_resize_capa_impl(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t new_capa, size_t header_size, size_t element_size,
+                           void *(*realloc_mul_add_impl)(const void *, size_t, size_t, size_t))
+{
+    rb_darray_meta_t **ptr_to_ptr_to_meta = ptr_to_ary;
+    rb_darray_meta_t *meta = *ptr_to_ptr_to_meta;
+
+    rb_darray_meta_t *new_ary = realloc_mul_add_impl(meta, new_capa, element_size, header_size);
+
+    if (meta == NULL) {
+        /* First allocation. Initialize size. On subsequence allocations
+         * realloc takes care of carrying over the size. */
+        new_ary->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    assert(new_ary->size <= new_capa);
+
+    new_ary->capa = new_capa;
+
+    // We don't have access to the type of the dynamic array in function context.
+    // Write out result with memcpy to avoid strict aliasing issue.
+    memcpy(ptr_to_ary, &new_ary, sizeof(new_ary));
 }
 
 // Internal function
 // Ensure there is space for one more element.
 // Note: header_size can be bigger than sizeof(rb_darray_meta_t) when T is __int128_t, for example.
 static inline void
-rb_darray_ensure_space(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t header_size, size_t element_size)
+rb_darray_ensure_space(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t header_size, size_t element_size,
+                       void *(*realloc_mul_add_impl)(const void *, size_t, size_t, size_t))
 {
     rb_darray_meta_t **ptr_to_ptr_to_meta = ptr_to_ary;
     rb_darray_meta_t *meta = *ptr_to_ptr_to_meta;
@@ -138,25 +220,12 @@ rb_darray_ensure_space(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t header_size, size_t element_size
     // Double the capacity
     size_t new_capa = current_capa == 0 ? 1 : current_capa * 2;
 
-    rb_darray_meta_t *doubled_ary = rb_xrealloc_mul_add(meta, new_capa, element_size, header_size);
-    // rb_xrealloc functions guarantee that NULL is not returned
-    assert(doubled_ary != NULL);
-
-    if (meta == NULL) {
-        // First allocation. Initialize size. On subsequence allocations
-        // realloc takes care of carrying over the size.
-        doubled_ary->size = 0;
-    }
-
-    doubled_ary->capa = new_capa;
-
-    // We don't have access to the type of the dynamic array in function context.
-    // Write out result with memcpy to avoid strict aliasing issue.
-    memcpy(ptr_to_ary, &doubled_ary, sizeof(doubled_ary));
+    rb_darray_resize_capa_impl(ptr_to_ary, new_capa, header_size, element_size, realloc_mul_add_impl);
 }
 
 static inline void
-rb_darray_make_impl(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t array_size, size_t header_size, size_t element_size)
+rb_darray_make_impl(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t array_size, size_t header_size, size_t element_size,
+                    void *(*calloc_mul_add_impl)(size_t, size_t, size_t))
 {
     rb_darray_meta_t **ptr_to_ptr_to_meta = ptr_to_ary;
     if (array_size == 0) {
@@ -164,9 +233,7 @@ rb_darray_make_impl(void *ptr_to_ary, size_t array_size, size_t header_size, siz
         return;
     }
 
-    rb_darray_meta_t *meta = rb_xcalloc_mul_add(array_size, element_size, header_size);
-    // rb_xcalloc functions guarantee that NULL is not returned
-    assert(meta != NULL);
+    rb_darray_meta_t *meta = calloc_mul_add_impl(array_size, element_size, header_size);
 
     meta->size = array_size;
     meta->capa = array_size;
diff --git a/debug.c b/debug.c
index 3af7f26275..e84e3d602a 100644
--- a/debug.c
+++ b/debug.c
@@ -53,14 +53,8 @@ const union {
     rb_econv_result_t           econv_result;
     enum ruby_preserved_encindex encoding_index;
     enum ruby_robject_flags     robject_flags;
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    enum ruby_robject_consts    robject_consts;
-#endif
     enum ruby_rmodule_flags     rmodule_flags;
     enum ruby_rstring_flags     rstring_flags;
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    enum ruby_rstring_consts    rstring_consts;
-#endif
     enum ruby_rarray_flags      rarray_flags;
     enum ruby_rarray_consts     rarray_consts;
     enum {
@@ -76,7 +70,7 @@ const union {
         RUBY_FMODE_NOREVLOOKUP		= 0x00000100,
         RUBY_FMODE_TRUNC		= FMODE_TRUNC,
         RUBY_FMODE_TEXTMODE		= FMODE_TEXTMODE,
-        RUBY_FMODE_PREP 		= 0x00010000,
+        RUBY_FMODE_EXTERNAL		= 0x00010000,
         RUBY_FMODE_SETENC_BY_BOM	= FMODE_SETENC_BY_BOM,
         RUBY_FMODE_UNIX 		= 0x00200000,
         RUBY_FMODE_INET 		= 0x00400000,
@@ -118,7 +112,7 @@ ruby_debug_printf(const char *format, ...)
     va_end(ap);
 }
 
-#include "gc.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 
 VALUE
 ruby_debug_print_value(int level, int debug_level, const char *header, VALUE obj)
@@ -291,12 +285,20 @@ static const char *dlf_type_names[] = {
     "func",
 };
 
+#ifdef MAX_PATH
+#define DEBUG_LOG_MAX_PATH (MAX_PATH-1)
+#else
+#define DEBUG_LOG_MAX_PATH 255
+#endif
+
 static struct {
     char *mem;
     unsigned int cnt;
     struct debug_log_filter filters[MAX_DEBUG_LOG_FILTER_NUM];
     unsigned int filters_num;
+    bool show_pid;
     rb_nativethread_lock_t lock;
+    char output_file[DEBUG_LOG_MAX_PATH+1];
     FILE *output;
 } debug_log;
 
@@ -398,7 +400,39 @@ setup_debug_log(void)
         }
         else {
             ruby_debug_log_mode |= ruby_debug_log_file;
-            if ((debug_log.output = fopen(log_config, "w")) == NULL) {
+
+            // pid extension with %p
+            unsigned long len = strlen(log_config);
+
+            for (unsigned long i=0, j=0; i<len; i++) {
+                const char c = log_config[i];
+
+                if (c == '%') {
+                    i++;
+                    switch (log_config[i]) {
+                      case '%':
+                        debug_log.output_file[j++] = '%';
+                        break;
+                      case 'p':
+                        snprintf(debug_log.output_file + j, DEBUG_LOG_MAX_PATH - j, "%d", getpid());
+                        j = strlen(debug_log.output_file);
+                        break;
+                      default:
+                        fprintf(stderr, "can not parse RUBY_DEBUG_LOG filename: %s\n", log_config);
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    debug_log.output_file[j++] = c;
+                }
+
+                if (j >= DEBUG_LOG_MAX_PATH) {
+                    fprintf(stderr, "RUBY_DEBUG_LOG=%s is too long\n", log_config);
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if ((debug_log.output = fopen(debug_log.output_file, "w")) == NULL) {
                 fprintf(stderr, "can not open %s for RUBY_DEBUG_LOG\n", log_config);
                 exit(1);
             }
@@ -409,9 +443,17 @@ setup_debug_log(void)
                 (ruby_debug_log_mode & ruby_debug_log_memory) ? "[mem]" : "",
                 (ruby_debug_log_mode & ruby_debug_log_stderr) ? "[stderr]" : "",
                 (ruby_debug_log_mode & ruby_debug_log_file)   ? "[file]" : "");
+        if (debug_log.output_file[0]) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "RUBY_DEBUG_LOG filename=%s\n", debug_log.output_file);
+        }
+
         rb_nativethread_lock_initialize(&debug_log.lock);
 
         setup_debug_log_filter();
+
+        if (getenv("RUBY_DEBUG_LOG_PID")) {
+            debug_log.show_pid = true;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -450,7 +492,7 @@ check_filter(const char *str, const struct debug_log_filter *filter, bool *state
 //   (func_name or file_name) contains baz or boo
 //
 // RUBY_DEBUG_LOG_FILTER=foo,bar,-baz,-boo
-// retunrs true if
+// returns true if
 //   (func_name or file_name) contains foo or bar
 // or
 //   (func_name or file_name) doesn't contain baz and
@@ -499,6 +541,7 @@ pretty_filename(const char *path)
     return path;
 }
 
+#undef ruby_debug_log
 void
 ruby_debug_log(const char *file, int line, const char *func_name, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
@@ -506,10 +549,16 @@ ruby_debug_log(const char *file, int line, const char *func_name, const char *fm
     int len = 0;
     int r = 0;
 
+    if (debug_log.show_pid) {
+        r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN, "pid:%d\t", getpid());
+        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
+        len += r;
+    }
+
     // message title
     if (func_name && len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
         r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN, "%s\t", func_name);
-        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d\n", r);
+        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
         len += r;
     }
 
@@ -528,41 +577,67 @@ ruby_debug_log(const char *file, int line, const char *func_name, const char *fm
     // C location
     if (file && len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
         r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN, "\t%s:%d", pretty_filename(file), line);
-        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d\n", r);
+        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
         len += r;
     }
 
-    if (rb_current_execution_context(false)) {
-        // Ruby location
-        int ruby_line;
-        const char *ruby_file = rb_source_location_cstr(&ruby_line);
-        if (len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
-            if (ruby_file) {
-                r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\t%s:%d", pretty_filename(ruby_file), ruby_line);
-            }
-            else {
-                r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\t");
-            }
-            if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d\n", r);
-            len += r;
+    rb_execution_context_t *ec = rb_current_execution_context(false);
+
+    // Ruby location
+    int ruby_line;
+    const char *ruby_file = ec ? rb_source_location_cstr(&ruby_line) : NULL;
+
+    if (len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
+        if (ruby_file) {
+            r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\t%s:%d", pretty_filename(ruby_file), ruby_line);
         }
+        else {
+            r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\t");
+        }
+        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
+        len += r;
+    }
+
+#ifdef RUBY_NT_SERIAL
+    // native thread information
+    if (len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
+        r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\tnt:%d", ruby_nt_serial);
+        if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
+        len += r;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (ec) {
+        rb_thread_t *th = ec ? rb_ec_thread_ptr(ec) : NULL;
 
         // ractor information
         if (ruby_single_main_ractor == NULL) {
-            rb_ractor_t *cr = GET_RACTOR();
+            rb_ractor_t *cr = th ? th->ractor : NULL;
+            rb_vm_t *vm = GET_VM();
+
             if (r && len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
-                r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\tr:#%u/%u",
-                             (unsigned int)rb_ractor_id(cr), GET_VM()->ractor.cnt);
-                if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d\n", r);
+                r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\tr:#%d/%u (%u)",
+                             cr ? (int)rb_ractor_id(cr) : -1, vm->ractor.cnt, vm->ractor.sched.running_cnt);
+
+                if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
                 len += r;
             }
         }
 
         // thread information
-        const rb_thread_t *th = GET_THREAD();
-        if (r && len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
-            r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\tth:%u", rb_th_serial(th));
-            if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d\n", r);
+        if (th && r && len < MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN) {
+            rb_execution_context_t *rec = th->ractor ? th->ractor->threads.running_ec : NULL;
+            const rb_thread_t *rth = rec ? rec->thread_ptr : NULL;
+            const rb_thread_t *sth = th->ractor ? th->ractor->threads.sched.running : NULL;
+
+            if (rth != th || sth != th) {
+                r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\tth:%u (rth:%d,sth:%d)",
+                             rb_th_serial(th), rth ? (int)rb_th_serial(rth) : -1, sth ? (int)rb_th_serial(sth) : -1);
+            }
+            else {
+                r = snprintf(buff + len, MAX_DEBUG_LOG_MESSAGE_LEN - len, "\tth:%u", rb_th_serial(th));
+            }
+            if (r < 0) rb_bug("ruby_debug_log returns %d", r);
             len += r;
         }
     }
diff --git a/debug_counter.c b/debug_counter.c
index 0fd0e20c6d..3dcc4c6a3a 100644
--- a/debug_counter.c
+++ b/debug_counter.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #if USE_DEBUG_COUNTER
 
-static const char *const debug_counter_names[] = {
+const char *const rb_debug_counter_names[] = {
 #define DEBUG_COUNTER_NAME_EMPTY "" /* Suppress -Wstring-concatenation */
     DEBUG_COUNTER_NAME_EMPTY
 #undef DEBUG_COUNTER_NAME_EMPTY
@@ -25,10 +25,8 @@ static const char *const debug_counter_names[] = {
 #undef RB_DEBUG_COUNTER
 };
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
-size_t rb_debug_counter[numberof(debug_counter_names)];
+size_t rb_debug_counter[numberof(rb_debug_counter_names)];
 void rb_debug_counter_add_atomic(enum rb_debug_counter_type type, int add);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 static rb_nativethread_lock_t debug_counter_lock;
 
@@ -56,17 +54,7 @@ void
 ruby_debug_counter_reset(void)
 {
     for (int i = 0; i < RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_MAX; i++) {
-        switch (i) {
-          case RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_mjit_length_unit_queue:
-          case RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_mjit_length_active_units:
-          case RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_mjit_length_compact_units:
-          case RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_mjit_length_stale_units:
-            // These counters may be decreased and should not be reset.
-            break;
-          default:
-            rb_debug_counter[i] = 0;
-            break;
-        }
+        rb_debug_counter[i] = 0;
     }
 }
 
@@ -77,7 +65,7 @@ ruby_debug_counter_get(const char **names_ptr, size_t *counters_ptr)
     int i;
     if (names_ptr != NULL) {
         for (i=0; i<RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_MAX; i++) {
-            names_ptr[i] = debug_counter_names[i];
+            names_ptr[i] = rb_debug_counter_names[i];
         }
     }
     if (counters_ptr != NULL) {
@@ -107,7 +95,7 @@ rb_debug_counter_show_results(const char *msg)
         fprintf(stderr, "[RUBY_DEBUG_COUNTER]\t%d %s\n", getpid(), msg);
         for (i=0; i<RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_MAX; i++) {
             fprintf(stderr, "[RUBY_DEBUG_COUNTER]\t%-30s\t%'14"PRIuSIZE"\n",
-                    debug_counter_names[i],
+                    rb_debug_counter_names[i],
                     rb_debug_counter[i]);
         }
     }
diff --git a/debug_counter.h b/debug_counter.h
index c6f4176e97..a8b95edded 100644
--- a/debug_counter.h
+++ b/debug_counter.h
@@ -100,6 +100,13 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_opt_block_call)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_opt_struct_aref)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_opt_struct_aset)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_super_method)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_cfunc_other)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_cfunc_only_splat)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_cfunc_only_splat_kw)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_iseq_bmethod)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_noniseq_bmethod)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_opt_send_complex)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ccf_opt_send_simple)
 
 /*
  * control frame push counts.
@@ -127,30 +134,22 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(frame_R2C)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(frame_C2C)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(frame_C2R)
 
-/* instance variable counts
- *
- * * ivar_get_ic_hit/miss: ivar_get inline cache (ic) hit/miss counts (VM insn)
- * * ivar_get_ic_miss_serial: ivar_get ic miss reason by serial (VM insn)
- * * ivar_get_ic_miss_unset:                      ... by unset (VM insn)
- * * ivar_get_ic_miss_noobject:                   ... by "not T_OBJECT" (VM insn)
- * * ivar_set_...: same counts with ivar_set (VM insn)
- * * ivar_get/set_base: call counts of "rb_ivar_get/set()".
- *                      because of (1) ic miss.
- *                                 (2) direct call by C extensions.
- */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_hit)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss_serial)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss_unset)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss_noobject)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_hit)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss_serial)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss_unset)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss_iv_hit)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss_noobject)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_base)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_base)
+/* instance variable counts */
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_obj_hit)  // Only T_OBJECT hits
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_obj_miss) // Only T_OBJECT misses
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_hit)   // All hits
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss)  // All misses
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_hit)   // All hits
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_obj_hit)  // Only T_OBJECT hits
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_obj_miss) // Only T_OBJECT misses
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss)  // All misses
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_ic_miss_noobject)  // Miss because non T_OBJECT
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_base) // Calls to `rb_ivar_get` (very slow path)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_set_base) // Calls to `ivar_set` (very slow path)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss_set)   // Misses on IV reads where the cache was wrong
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_cc_miss_set)   // Misses on attr_reader where the cache was wrong
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_ic_miss_unset) // Misses on IV read where the cache wasn't set
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(ivar_get_cc_miss_unset) // Misses on attr_reader where the cache wasn't set
 
 /* local variable counts
  *
@@ -186,8 +185,7 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_major_force)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_major_oldmalloc)
 
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_enter_start)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_enter_mark_continue)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_enter_sweep_continue)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_enter_continue)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_enter_rest)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_enter_finalizer)
 
@@ -216,7 +214,6 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(gc_isptr_maybe)
  * * [attr]
  *   * _ptr: R?? is not embed.
  *   * _embed: R?? is embed.
- *   * _transient: R?? uses transient heap.
  * * type specific attr.
  *   * str_shared: str is shared.
  *   * str_nofree:        nofree
@@ -242,8 +239,8 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_promote)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_wb_unprotect)
 
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_obj_embed)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_obj_transient)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_obj_ptr)
+RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_obj_too_complex)
 
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_str_ptr)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_str_embed)
@@ -252,7 +249,6 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_str_nofree)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_str_fstr)
 
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_ary_embed)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_ary_transient)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_ary_ptr)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_ary_extracapa)
 /*
@@ -276,11 +272,9 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_hash_g8)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_hash_null)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_hash_ar)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_hash_st)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_hash_transient)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_hash_force_convert)
 
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_struct_embed)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_struct_transient)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_struct_ptr)
 
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(obj_data_empty)
@@ -335,11 +329,6 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(heap_xmalloc)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(heap_xrealloc)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(heap_xfree)
 
-/* transient_heap */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(theap_alloc)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(theap_alloc_fail)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(theap_evacuate)
-
 // VM sync
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(vm_sync_lock)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(vm_sync_lock_enter)
@@ -347,41 +336,6 @@ RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(vm_sync_lock_enter_nb)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(vm_sync_lock_enter_cr)
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(vm_sync_barrier)
 
-/* jit_exec() counts */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(jit_exec)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_exec_not_added)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_exec_not_ready)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_exec_not_compiled)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_exec_call_func)
-
-/* MJIT enqueue / unload */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_add_iseq_to_process)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_unload_units)
-
-/* MJIT <-> VM frame push counts */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_frame_VM2VM)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_frame_VM2JT)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_frame_JT2JT)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_frame_JT2VM)
-
-/* MJIT cancel counters */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel_ivar_inline)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel_exivar_inline)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel_send_inline)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel_opt_insn) /* CALL_SIMPLE_METHOD */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel_invalidate_all)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_cancel_leave)
-
-/* rb_mjit_unit_list length */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_length_unit_queue)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_length_active_units)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_length_compact_units)
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_length_stale_units)
-
-/* Other MJIT counters */
-RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(mjit_compile_failures)
-
 /* load (not implemented yet) */
 /*
 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER(load_files)
diff --git a/defs/gmake.mk b/defs/gmake.mk
index af4d27a5a2..5489b017b3 100644
--- a/defs/gmake.mk
+++ b/defs/gmake.mk
@@ -1,32 +1,32 @@
 # -*- mode: makefile-gmake; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
 
 reconfig config.status: export MAKE:=$(MAKE)
+export BASERUBY:=$(BASERUBY)
 override gnumake_recursive := $(if $(findstring n,$(firstword $(MFLAGS))),,+)
 override mflags := $(filter-out -j%,$(MFLAGS))
 MSPECOPT += $(if $(filter -j%,$(MFLAGS)),-j)
 nproc = $(subst -j,,$(filter -j%,$(MFLAGS)))
 
 ifeq ($(GITHUB_ACTIONS),true)
-override ACTIONS_GROUP = @echo "\#\#[group]$(patsubst yes-%,%,$@)"
-override ACTIONS_ENDGROUP = @echo "\#\#[endgroup]"
+# 93(bright yellow) is copied from .github/workflows/mingw.yml
+override ACTIONS_GROUP = @echo "::group::[93m$(@:yes-%=%)[m"
+override ACTIONS_ENDGROUP = @echo "::endgroup::"
 endif
 
 ifneq ($(filter darwin%,$(target_os)),)
-# Remove debug option not to generate thousands of .dSYM
-MJIT_DEBUGFLAGS := $(filter-out -g%,$(MJIT_DEBUGFLAGS))
-
 INSTRUBY_ENV += SDKROOT=
 endif
 INSTRUBY_ARGS += --gnumake
 
+ifeq ($(DOT_WAIT),)
 CHECK_TARGETS := great exam love check test check% test% btest%
 # expand test targets, and those dependents
 TEST_TARGETS := $(filter $(CHECK_TARGETS),$(MAKECMDGOALS))
 TEST_DEPENDS := $(filter-out commit $(TEST_TARGETS),$(MAKECMDGOALS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst great,exam,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_DEPENDS := $(filter-out great $(TEST_TARGETS),$(TEST_DEPENDS))
-TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst exam,check,$(TEST_TARGETS))
-TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst check,test-spec test-all test-tool test-short,$(TEST_TARGETS))
+TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst exam,test-bundled-gems test-bundler-parallel check,$(TEST_TARGETS))
+TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst check,test-syntax-suggest test-spec test-all test-tool test-short,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-rubyspec,test-spec,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_DEPENDS := $(filter-out exam check test-spec $(TEST_TARGETS),$(TEST_DEPENDS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst love,check,$(TEST_TARGETS))
@@ -36,18 +36,19 @@ TEST_DEPENDS := $(filter-out test-all $(TEST_TARGETS),$(TEST_DEPENDS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test,test-short,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_DEPENDS := $(filter-out test $(TEST_TARGETS),$(TEST_DEPENDS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-short,btest-ruby test-knownbug test-basic,$(TEST_TARGETS))
+TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-basic,test-basic test-leaked-globals,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-bundled-gems,test-bundled-gems-run,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-bundled-gems-run,test-bundled-gems-run $(PREPARE_BUNDLED_GEMS),$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-bundled-gems-prepare,test-bundled-gems-prepare $(PRECHECK_BUNDLED_GEMS) test-bundled-gems-fetch,$(TEST_TARGETS))
+TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-bundler-parallel,test-bundler-parallel $(PREPARE_BUNDLER),$(TEST_TARGETS))
+TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst test-syntax-suggest,test-syntax-suggest $(PREPARE_SYNTAX_SUGGEST),$(TEST_TARGETS))
 TEST_DEPENDS := $(filter-out test-short $(TEST_TARGETS),$(TEST_DEPENDS))
 TEST_DEPENDS += $(if $(filter great exam love check,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),all exts)
+TEST_TARGETS := $(patsubst yes-%,%,$(filter-out no-%,$(TEST_TARGETS)))
+endif
 
 in-srcdir := $(if $(filter-out .,$(srcdir)),$(CHDIR) $(srcdir) &&)
 
-ifneq ($(filter -O0 -Od,$(optflags)),)
-override XCFLAGS := $(filter-out -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=%,$(XCFLAGS))
-endif
-
 ifeq ($(if $(filter all main exts enc trans libencs libenc libtrans \
 		    prog program ruby ruby$(EXEEXT) \
 		    wprogram rubyw rubyw$(EXEEXT) \
@@ -56,6 +57,13 @@ ifeq ($(if $(filter all main exts enc trans libencs libenc libtrans \
 -include $(SHOWFLAGS)
 endif
 
+ifeq ($(HAVE_BASERUBY):$(HAVE_GIT),yes:yes)
+override modified := $(shell $(BASERUBY) -C $(srcdir) tool/file2lastrev.rb --modified='%Y %m %d')
+override RUBY_RELEASE_YEAR := $(word 1,$(modified))
+override RUBY_RELEASE_MONTH := $(word 2,$(modified))
+override RUBY_RELEASE_DAY := $(word 3,$(modified))
+endif
+
 ifneq ($(filter universal-%,$(arch)),)
 define archcmd
 %.$(1).S: %.c
@@ -71,10 +79,11 @@ define archcmd
 %.i: %.$(1).i
 endef
 
-$(foreach arch,$(arch_flags),\
+$(foreach arch,$(filter -arch=%,$(subst -arch ,-arch=,$(ARCH_FLAG))),\
 	$(eval $(call archcmd,$(patsubst -arch=%,%,$(value arch)),$(patsubst -arch=%,-arch %,$(value arch)))))
 endif
 
+ifeq ($(DOT_WAIT),)
 .PHONY: $(addprefix yes-,$(TEST_TARGETS))
 
 ifneq ($(filter-out btest%,$(TEST_TARGETS)),)
@@ -82,16 +91,33 @@ $(addprefix yes-,$(TEST_TARGETS)): $(TEST_DEPENDS)
 endif
 
 ORDERED_TEST_TARGETS := $(filter $(TEST_TARGETS), \
-	btest-ruby test-knownbug test-basic \
+	btest-ruby test-knownbug test-leaked-globals test-basic \
 	test-testframework test-tool test-ruby test-all \
-	test-spec test-bundler-prepare test-bundler test-bundler-parallel \
+	test-spec test-syntax-suggest-prepare test-syntax-suggest \
+	test-bundler-prepare test-bundler test-bundler-parallel \
 	test-bundled-gems-precheck test-bundled-gems-fetch \
 	test-bundled-gems-prepare test-bundled-gems-run \
 	)
-prev_test := $(if $(filter test-spec,$(ORDERED_TEST_TARGETS)),test-spec-precheck)
+
+# grep ^yes-test-.*-precheck: template/Makefile.in defs/gmake.mk common.mk
+test_prechecks := $(filter $(ORDERED_TEST_TARGETS),\
+	test-leaked-globals \
+	test-all \
+	test-spec \
+	test-syntax-suggest \
+	test-bundler \
+	test-bundler-parallel \
+	test-bundled-gems\
+	)
+prev_test := $(subst test-bundler-parallel,test-bundler,$(test_prechecks))
+prev_test := $(addsuffix -precheck,$(prev_test))
+first_test_prechecks := $(prev_test)
+
 $(foreach test,$(ORDERED_TEST_TARGETS), \
-	$(eval yes-$(value test) no-$(value test): $(value prev_test)); \
+	$(eval yes-$(value test): $(addprefix yes-,$(value prev_test))); \
+	$(eval no-$(value test): $(addprefix no-,$(value prev_test))); \
 	$(eval prev_test := $(value test)))
+endif
 
 ifneq ($(if $(filter install,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),$(filter uninstall,$(MAKECMDGOALS))),)
 install-targets := $(filter install uninstall,$(MAKECMDGOALS))
@@ -137,7 +163,7 @@ config.status: $(wildcard config.cache)
 STUBPROGRAM = rubystub$(EXEEXT)
 IGNOREDPATTERNS = %~ .% %.orig %.rej \#%\#
 SCRIPTBINDIR := $(if $(EXEEXT),,exec/)
-SCRIPTPROGRAMS = $(addprefix $(SCRIPTBINDIR),$(addsuffix $(EXEEXT),$(filter-out $(IGNOREDPATTERNS),$(notdir $(wildcard $(srcdir)/libexec/*)))))
+SCRIPTPROGRAMS = $(addprefix $(SCRIPTBINDIR),$(addsuffix $(EXEEXT),$(filter-out $(IGNOREDPATTERNS),$(notdir $(wildcard $(srcdir)/bin/*)))))
 
 stub: $(STUBPROGRAM)
 scriptbin: $(SCRIPTPROGRAMS)
@@ -163,20 +189,26 @@ $(SCRIPTBINDIR)%$(EXEEXT): bin/% $(STUBPROGRAM) \
 	$(Q) chmod +x $@
 	$(Q) $(POSTLINK)
 
-$(TIMESTAMPDIR)/.exec.time:
-	$(Q) mkdir exec
-	$(Q) exit > $@
+$(SCRIPTBINDIR):
+	$(Q) mkdir $@
 
 .PHONY: commit
-commit: $(if $(filter commit,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),$(filter-out commit,$(MAKECMDGOALS))) up
+COMMIT_PREPARE := $(filter-out commit do-commit,$(MAKECMDGOALS)) up
+
+commit: pre-commit $(DOT_WAIT) do-commit $(DOT_WAIT) post_commit
+pre-commit: $(COMMIT_PREPARE)
+do-commit: $(if $(DOT_WAIT),,pre-commit)
 	@$(BASERUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" -I./tool/lib -rvcs -e 'VCS.detect(".").commit'
+post-commit: $(if $(DOT_WAIT),,do-commit)
 	+$(Q) \
 	{ \
 	  $(in-srcdir) \
 	  exec sed -f tool/prereq.status defs/gmake.mk template/Makefile.in common.mk; \
 	} | \
-	$(MAKE) $(mflags) Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) srcdir="$(srcdir)" srcs_vpath="" CHDIR="$(CHDIR)" \
-		BOOTSTRAPRUBY="$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY)" MINIRUBY="$(BASERUBY)" BASERUBY="$(BASERUBY)" \
+	$(MAKE) $(mflags) Q=$(Q) ECHO=$(ECHO) \
+		top_srcdir="$(top_srcdir)" srcdir="$(srcdir)" srcs_vpath="" CHDIR="$(CHDIR)" \
+		BOOTSTRAPRUBY="$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY)" BOOTSTRAPRUBY_OPT="$(BOOTSTRAPRUBY_OPT)" \
+		MINIRUBY="$(BASERUBY)" BASERUBY="$(BASERUBY)" HAVE_BASERUBY="$(HAVE_BASERUBY)" \
 		VCSUP="" ENC_MK=.top-enc.mk REVISION_FORCE=PHONY CONFIGURE="$(CONFIGURE)" -f - \
 		update-src srcs all-incs
 
@@ -267,10 +299,9 @@ HELP_EXTRA_TASKS = \
 	"  checkout-github:       checkout GitHub Pull Request [PR=1234]" \
 	"  pull-github:           rebase GitHub Pull Request to new worktree [PR=1234]" \
 	"  update-github:         merge master branch and push it to Pull Request [PR=1234]" \
+	"  tags:                  generate TAGS file" \
 	""
 
-extract-gems: $(HAVE_BASERUBY:yes=update-gems)
-
 # 1. squeeze spaces
 # 2. strip and skip comment/empty lines
 # 3. "gem x.y.z URL xxxxxx" -> "gem|x.y.z|xxxxxx|URL"
@@ -287,8 +318,19 @@ bundled-gems := $(shell sed \
 bundled-gems-rev := $(filter-out $(subst |,,$(bundled-gems)),$(bundled-gems))
 bundled-gems := $(filter-out $(bundled-gems-rev),$(bundled-gems))
 
+# calls $(1) with name, version, revision, URL
+foreach-bundled-gems-rev = \
+    $(foreach g,$(bundled-gems-rev),$(call foreach-bundled-gems-rev-0,$(1),$(subst |, ,$(value g))))
+foreach-bundled-gems-rev-0 = \
+    $(call $(1),$(word 1,$(2)),$(word 2,$(2)),$(word 3,$(2)),$(word 4,$(2)))
+bundled-gem-gemfile = $(srcdir)/gems/$(1)-$(2).gem
+bundled-gem-gemspec = $(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1)/$(1).gemspec
+bundled-gem-extracted = $(srcdir)/.bundle/gems/$(1)-$(2)
+bundled-gem-revision = $(srcdir)/.bundle/.timestamp/$(1).revision
+
 update-gems: | $(patsubst %,$(srcdir)/gems/%.gem,$(bundled-gems))
-update-gems: | $(foreach g,$(bundled-gems-rev),$(srcdir)/gems/src/$(word 1,$(subst |, ,$(value g))))
+update-gems: | $(call foreach-bundled-gems-rev,bundled-gem-gemfile)
+update-gems: | $(call foreach-bundled-gems-rev,bundled-gem-gemspec)
 
 test-bundler-precheck: | $(srcdir)/.bundle/cache
 
@@ -308,8 +350,7 @@ $(srcdir)/gems/%.gem:
 	    -e 'FileUtils.rm_rf(old.map{'"|n|"'n.chomp(".gem")})'
 
 extract-gems: | $(patsubst %,$(srcdir)/.bundle/gems/%,$(bundled-gems))
-extract-gems: | $(foreach g,$(bundled-gems-rev), \
-	$(srcdir)/.bundle/gems/$(word 1,$(subst |, ,$(value g)))-$(word 2,$(subst |, ,$(value g))))
+extract-gems: | $(call foreach-bundled-gems-rev,bundled-gem-extracted)
 
 $(srcdir)/.bundle/gems/%: $(srcdir)/gems/%.gem | .bundle/gems
 	$(ECHO) Extracting bundle gem $*...
@@ -317,27 +358,44 @@ $(srcdir)/.bundle/gems/%: $(srcdir)/gems/%.gem | .bundle/gems
 	    -Itool/lib -rbundled_gem \
 	    -e 'BundledGem.unpack("gems/$(@F).gem", ".bundle")'
 
-define copy-gem
-$(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1): | $(srcdir)/gems/src
+$(srcdir)/.bundle/.timestamp:
+	$(MAKEDIRS) $@
+
+define build-gem
+$(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1)/.git: | $(srcdir)/gems/src
 	$(ECHO) Cloning $(4)
-	$(Q) $(GIT) clone $(4) $$(@)
+	$(Q) $(GIT) clone $(4) $$(@D)
 
-$(srcdir)/.bundle/gems/$(1)-$(2): | $(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1) .bundle/gems
-	$(ECHO) Copying $(1)@$(3) to $$(@F)
+$(bundled-gem-revision): \
+	$(if $(if $(wildcard $$(@)),$(filter $(3),$(shell cat $$(@)))),,PHONY) \
+	| $(srcdir)/.bundle/.timestamp $(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1)/.git
+	$(ECHO) Update $(1) to $(3)
 	$(Q) $(CHDIR) "$(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1)" && \
-	    $(GIT) fetch origin $(3) && \
-	    $(GIT) checkout --detach $(3) && \
-	:
+	    if [ `$(GIT) rev-parse HEAD` != $(3) ]; then \
+	        $(GIT) fetch origin $(3) && \
+	        $(GIT) checkout --detach $(3) && \
+	        :; \
+	    fi
+	echo $(3) | $(IFCHANGE) $$(@) -
+
+# The repository of minitest does not include minitest.gemspec because it uses hoe.
+# This creates a dummy gemspec.
+$(bundled-gem-gemspec): $(bundled-gem-revision) \
+	| $(srcdir)/gems/src/$(1)/.git
+	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -I$(tooldir)/lib -rbundled_gem -e 'BundledGem.dummy_gemspec(*ARGV)' $$(@)
+
+$(bundled-gem-gemfile): $(bundled-gem-gemspec) $(bundled-gem-revision)
+	$(ECHO) Building $(1)@$(3) to $$(@)
 	$(Q) $(BASERUBY) -C "$(srcdir)" \
 	    -Itool/lib -rbundled_gem \
-	    -e 'BundledGem.copy("gems/src/$(1)/$(1).gemspec", ".bundle")'
+	    -e 'BundledGem.build("gems/src/$(1)/$(1).gemspec", "$(2)", "gems", validation: false)'
 
 endef
-define copy-gem-0
-$(call copy-gem,$(word 1,$(1)),$(word 2,$(1)),$(word 3,$(1)),$(word 4,$(1)))
+define build-gem-0
+$(eval $(call build-gem,$(1),$(2),$(3),$(4)))
 endef
 
-$(foreach g,$(bundled-gems-rev),$(eval $(call copy-gem-0,$(subst |, ,$(value g)))))
+$(call foreach-bundled-gems-rev,build-gem-0)
 
 $(srcdir)/gems/src:
 	$(MAKEDIRS) $@
@@ -345,60 +403,41 @@ $(srcdir)/gems/src:
 $(srcdir)/.bundle/gems:
 	$(MAKEDIRS) $@
 
+ifneq ($(DOT_WAIT),)
+up:: $(DOT_WAIT) after-update
+endif
+
 ifneq ($(filter update-bundled_gems refresh-gems,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
 update-gems: update-bundled_gems
 endif
 
-ifeq ($(filter 0 1,$(words $(arch_flags))),)
-$(foreach x,$(patsubst -arch=%,%,$(arch_flags)), \
-	  $(eval $$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)-$(value x).h \
-		 $$(MJIT_MIN_HEADER:.h=)-$(value x).h \
-		 $$(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)-$(value x).time \
-		 : ARCH_FLAG := -arch $(value x)))
-
-$(foreach x,$(patsubst -arch=%,%,$(arch_flags)), \
-	$(eval $$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)-$(value x).h: \
-		$$(TIMESTAMPDIR)/$$(MJIT_HEADER:.h=)-$(value x).time))
-
-mjit_min_headers := $(patsubst -arch=%,$(MJIT_MIN_HEADER:.h=-%.h),$(arch_flags))
-$(MJIT_MIN_HEADER): $(mjit_min_headers) $(PREP)
-	@ set -e; set $(patsubst -arch=%,%,$(arch_flags)); \
-	cd $(@D); h=$(@F:.h=); \
-	exec > $(@F).new; \
-	echo '#if 0'; \
-	for arch; do\
-	  echo "#elif defined __$${arch}__"; \
-	  echo "# include \"$$h-$$arch.h\""; \
-	done; \
-	echo "#else"; echo "# error unsupported platform"; echo "#endif"
-	$(IFCHANGE) $@ $@.new
-	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR)
-	$(Q) $(MAKE_LINK) $@ $(MJIT_HEADER_INSTALL_DIR)/$(@F)
-
+.SECONDARY: update-unicode-files
+.SECONDARY: update-unicode-auxiliary-files
+.SECONDARY: update-unicode-ucd-emoji-files
+.SECONDARY: update-unicode-emoji-files
+
+ifneq ($(DOT_WAIT),)
+.NOTPARALLEL: update-unicode
+.NOTPARALLEL: update-unicode-files
+.NOTPARALLEL: update-unicode-auxiliary-files
+.NOTPARALLEL: update-unicode-ucd-emoji-files
+.NOTPARALLEL: update-unicode-emoji-files
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES)
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(UNICODE_AUXILIARY_FILES)
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(UNICODE_UCD_EMOJI_FILES) $(UNICODE_EMOJI_FILES)
 endif
 
-ifeq ($(if $(wildcard $(filter-out .,$(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES))),,\
-	   $(wildcard $(srcdir)/lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb)),)
-# Needs the dependency when any Unicode data file exists, or
-# normalization tables script doesn't.  Otherwise, when the target
-# only exists, use it as-is.
-.PHONY: $(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.time
-UNICODE_TABLES_TIMESTAMP =
-$(UNICODE_SRC_DATA_DIR)/.unicode-tables.time: \
-	$(UNICODE_FILES) $(UNICODE_PROPERTY_FILES)
+ifeq ($(HAVE_GIT),yes)
+REVISION_LATEST := $(shell $(CHDIR) $(srcdir) && $(GIT) log -1 --format=%H 2>/dev/null)
+else
+REVISION_LATEST := update
 endif
-
-ifeq ($(wildcard $(srcdir)/revision.h),)
+REVISION_IN_HEADER := $(shell sed '/^\#define RUBY_FULL_REVISION "\(.*\)"/!d;s//\1/;q' $(wildcard $(srcdir)/revision.h revision.h) /dev/null 2>/dev/null)
+ifeq ($(REVISION_IN_HEADER),)
 REVISION_IN_HEADER := none
-REVISION_LATEST := update
-else
-REVISION_IN_HEADER := $(shell sed -n 's/^\#define RUBY_FULL_REVISION "\(.*\)"/\1/p' $(srcdir)/revision.h 2>/dev/null)
-REVISION_LATEST := $(shell $(CHDIR) $(srcdir) && $(GIT) log -1 --format=%H 2>/dev/null)
 endif
 ifneq ($(REVISION_IN_HEADER),$(REVISION_LATEST))
-# GNU make treat the target as unmodified when its dependents get
-# updated but it is not updated, while others may not.
-$(srcdir)/revision.h: $(REVISION_H)
+$(REVISION_H): PHONY
 endif
 
 include $(top_srcdir)/yjit/yjit.mk
@@ -464,7 +503,7 @@ update-deps:
 $(RUBYSPEC_CAPIEXT)/%.$(DLEXT): $(srcdir)/$(RUBYSPEC_CAPIEXT)/%.c $(srcdir)/$(RUBYSPEC_CAPIEXT)/rubyspec.h $(RUBY_H_INCLUDES) $(LIBRUBY)
 	$(ECHO) building $@
 	$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D)
-	$(Q) $(DLDSHARED) $(XDLDFLAGS) $(XLDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OUTFLAG)$@ $< $(LIBRUBYARG)
+	$(Q) $(DLDSHARED) -L. $(XDLDFLAGS) $(XLDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OUTFLAG)$@ $< $(LIBRUBYARG)
 	$(Q) $(RMALL) $@.*
 
 rubyspec-capiext: $(patsubst %.c,$(RUBYSPEC_CAPIEXT)/%.$(DLEXT),$(notdir $(wildcard $(srcdir)/$(RUBYSPEC_CAPIEXT)/*.c)))
@@ -478,3 +517,29 @@ spec/%/ spec/%_spec.rb: programs exts PHONY
 	+$(RUNRUBY) -r./$(arch)-fake $(srcdir)/spec/mspec/bin/mspec-run -B $(srcdir)/spec/default.mspec $(SPECOPTS) $(patsubst %,$(srcdir)/%,$@)
 
 ruby.pc: $(filter-out ruby.pc,$(ruby_pc))
+
+matz: up
+	$(eval MINOR := $(shell expr $(MINOR) + 1))
+	$(eval message := Development of $(MAJOR).$(MINOR).0 started.)
+	$(eval files := include/ruby/version.h include/ruby/internal/abi.h)
+	sed -i~ \
+	-e "s/^\(#define RUBY_API_VERSION_MINOR\) .*/\1 $(MINOR)/" \
+	-e "s/^\(#define RUBY_ABI_VERSION\) .*/\1 0/" \
+	 $(files:%=$(srcdir)/%)
+	$(GIT) -C $(srcdir) commit -m "$(message)" $(files)
+
+tags:
+	$(MAKE) GIT="$(GIT)" -C "$(srcdir)" -f defs/tags.mk
+
+
+# ripper_srcs makes all sources at once. invoking this target multiple
+# times in parallel means all sources will be built for the number of
+# sources times respectively.
+ifneq ($(DOT_WAIT),)
+.NOTPARALLEL: ripper_srcs
+else
+ripper_src =
+$(foreach r,$(RIPPER_SRCS),$(eval $(value r): | $(value ripper_src))\
+	$(eval ripper_src := $(value r)))
+ripper_srcs: $(ripper_src)
+endif
diff --git a/defs/id.def b/defs/id.def
index 097e34e405..2ddde7be70 100644
--- a/defs/id.def
+++ b/defs/id.def
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 firstline, predefined = __LINE__+1, %[\
   max
   min
+  hash
   freeze
   nil?
   inspect
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ firstline, predefined = __LINE__+1, %[\
   lambda
   send
   __send__
-  __attached__
   __recursive_key__
   initialize
   initialize_copy
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ firstline, predefined = __LINE__+1, %[\
   quo
   name
   nil
+  path
 
   _                                                     UScore
 
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ firstline, predefined = __LINE__+1, %[\
   "/*NULL*/"                                            NULL
   empty?
   eql?
+  default
   respond_to?                                           Respond_to
   respond_to_missing?                                   Respond_to_missing
   <IFUNC>
@@ -194,13 +196,14 @@ predefined.split(/^/).each_with_index do |line, num|
   end << token
   predefined_ids[token] = name
 end
+index = 127
 token_ops.split(/^/).each do |line|
   next if /^#/ =~ line
   line.sub!(/\s+#.*/, '')
   id, op, token = line.split
   next unless id and op
   token ||= (id unless /\A\W\z/ =~ op)
-  token_op_ids << [id, op, token]
+  token_op_ids << [id, op, token, (index += 1 if token)]
 end
 {
   "LOCAL" => local_ids,
@@ -212,4 +215,5 @@ end
   :preserved => preserved_ids,
   :predefined => predefined_ids,
   :token_op => token_op_ids,
+  :last_token => index,
 }
diff --git a/defs/keywords b/defs/keywords
index fc30ec2d15..a1b1f4f60f 100644
--- a/defs/keywords
+++ b/defs/keywords
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 struct kwtable {short name, id[2], state;};
 const struct kwtable *rb_reserved_word(const char *, unsigned int);
 #ifndef RIPPER
-static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(/*!ANSI{*/const char *, unsigned int/*}!ANSI*/);
+static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 #define rb_reserved_word(str, len) reserved_word(str, len)
 %}
 
diff --git a/defs/lex.c.src b/defs/lex.c.src
index fc30ec2d15..a1b1f4f60f 100644
--- a/defs/lex.c.src
+++ b/defs/lex.c.src
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 struct kwtable {short name, id[2], state;};
 const struct kwtable *rb_reserved_word(const char *, unsigned int);
 #ifndef RIPPER
-static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(/*!ANSI{*/const char *, unsigned int/*}!ANSI*/);
+static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 #define rb_reserved_word(str, len) reserved_word(str, len)
 %}
 
diff --git a/defs/tags.mk b/defs/tags.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d29260c294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/defs/tags.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# -*- mode: makefile-gmake; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+
+SRCS := $(shell $(GIT) ls-files \
+	*.[chy] *.def *.inc *.rb \
+	ccan/ coroutine/ include/ internal/ missing/ \
+	'enc/**/*.[ch]' 'win32/**/*.[ch]' \
+	)
+
+TAGS: $(SRCS)
+	@echo updating $@
+	@tmp=$$(mktemp); \
+	trap 'rm -f "$$tmp"' 0; \
+	{ \
+	  $(GIT) grep -h --no-line-number -o '^ *# *define  *RBIMPL_ATTR_[A-Z_]*(*' -- include | \
+	    sed 's/^ *# *define *//;/_H$$/d;y/(/+/' | sort -u && \
+	  echo 'NORETURN+'; \
+	} > "$$tmp" && \
+	ctags -e -I@"$$tmp" -h .def.inc --langmap=c:+.y.def.inc $(^)
diff --git a/defs/universal.mk b/defs/universal.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index c34a31b356..0000000000
--- a/defs/universal.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-arch_flags := $(filter -arch=%,$(subst -arch ,-arch=,$(ARCH_FLAG)))
-ifeq ($(filter 0 1,$(words $(arch_flags))),)
-override MJIT_HEADER_SUFFIX = -%
-override MJIT_HEADER_ARCH = -$(word 2,$(ARCH_FLAG))
-endif
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index a3ea5eea50..96c1a455b3 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -466,31 +466,26 @@ struct dir_data {
 };
 
 static void
-dir_mark(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct dir_data *dir = ptr;
-    rb_gc_mark(dir->path);
-}
-
-static void
 dir_free(void *ptr)
 {
     struct dir_data *dir = ptr;
 
     if (dir->dir) closedir(dir->dir);
-    xfree(dir);
 }
 
-static size_t
-dir_memsize(const void *ptr)
-{
-    return sizeof(struct dir_data);
-}
+RUBY_REFERENCES(dir_refs) = {
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct dir_data, path),
+    RUBY_REF_END
+};
 
 static const rb_data_type_t dir_data_type = {
     "dir",
-    {dir_mark, dir_free, dir_memsize,},
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    {
+        RUBY_REFS_LIST_PTR(dir_refs),
+        dir_free,
+        NULL, // Nothing allocated externally, so don't need a memsize function
+    },
+    0, NULL, RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static VALUE dir_close(VALUE);
@@ -591,6 +586,45 @@ dir_s_close(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, VALUE dir)
     return dir_close(dir);
 }
 
+# if defined(HAVE_FDOPENDIR) && defined(HAVE_DIRFD)
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.for_fd(fd) -> dir
+ *
+ * Returns a new \Dir object representing the directory specified by the given
+ * integer directory file descriptor +fd+:
+ *
+ *   d0 = Dir.new('..')
+ *   d1 = Dir.for_fd(d0.fileno)
+ *
+ * Note that the returned +d1+ does not have an associated path:
+ *
+ *   d0.path # => '..'
+ *   d1.path # => nil
+ *
+ * This method uses the
+ * {fdopendir()}[https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/fdopendir.3p.html]
+ * function defined by POSIX 2008;
+ * the method is not implemented on non-POSIX platforms (raises NotImplementedError).
+ */
+static VALUE
+dir_s_for_fd(VALUE klass, VALUE fd)
+{
+    struct dir_data *dp;
+    VALUE dir = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, struct dir_data, &dir_data_type, dp);
+
+    if (!(dp->dir = fdopendir(NUM2INT(fd)))) {
+        rb_sys_fail("fdopendir");
+        UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qnil);
+    }
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(dir, &dp->path, Qnil);
+    return dir;
+}
+#else
+#define dir_s_for_fd rb_f_notimplement
+#endif
+
 NORETURN(static void dir_closed(void));
 
 static void
@@ -618,10 +652,13 @@ dir_check(VALUE dir)
 
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.inspect -> string
+ * call-seq:
+ *   inspect -> string
+ *
+ * Returns a string description of +self+:
+ *
+ *   Dir.new('example').inspect # => "#<Dir:example>"
  *
- *  Return a string describing this Dir object.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_inspect(VALUE dir)
@@ -655,18 +692,18 @@ dir_inspect(VALUE dir)
 
 #ifdef HAVE_DIRFD
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.fileno -> integer
- *
- *  Returns the file descriptor used in <em>dir</em>.
+ * call-seq:
+ *   fileno -> integer
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("..")
- *     d.fileno   #=> 8
+ * Returns the file descriptor used in <em>dir</em>.
  *
- *  This method uses dirfd() function defined by POSIX 2008.
- *  NotImplementedError is raised on other platforms, such as Windows,
- *  which doesn't provide the function.
+ *   d = Dir.new('..')
+ *   d.fileno # => 8
  *
+ * This method uses the
+ * {dirfd()}[https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dirfd.3.html]
+ * function defined by POSIX 2008;
+ * the method is not implemented on non-POSIX platforms (raises NotImplementedError).
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_fileno(VALUE dir)
@@ -685,14 +722,14 @@ dir_fileno(VALUE dir)
 #endif
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.path -> string or nil
- *     dir.to_path -> string or nil
+ * call-seq:
+ *   path -> string or nil
  *
- *  Returns the path parameter passed to <em>dir</em>'s constructor.
+ * Returns the +dirpath+ string that was used to create +self+
+ * (or +nil+ if created by method Dir.for_fd):
+ *
+ *   Dir.new('example').path # => "example"
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("..")
- *     d.path   #=> ".."
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_path(VALUE dir)
@@ -746,16 +783,18 @@ to_be_skipped(const struct dirent *dp)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.read -> string or nil
+ * call-seq:
+ *   read -> string or nil
+ *
+ * Reads and returns the next entry name from +self+;
+ * returns +nil+ if at end-of-stream;
+ * see {Dir As Stream-Like}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like]:
  *
- *  Reads the next entry from <em>dir</em> and returns it as a string.
- *  Returns <code>nil</code> at the end of the stream.
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.read # => "."
+ *   dir.read # => ".."
+ *   dir.read # => "config.h"
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.read   #=> "."
- *     d.read   #=> ".."
- *     d.read   #=> "config.h"
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_read(VALUE dir)
@@ -764,7 +803,7 @@ dir_read(VALUE dir)
     struct dirent *dp;
 
     GetDIR(dir, dirp);
-    errno = 0;
+    rb_errno_set(0);
     if ((dp = READDIR(dirp->dir, dirp->enc)) != NULL) {
         return rb_external_str_new_with_enc(dp->d_name, NAMLEN(dp), dirp->enc);
     }
@@ -784,24 +823,23 @@ dir_yield(VALUE arg, VALUE path)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.each { |filename| block }  -> dir
- *     dir.each                       -> an_enumerator
+ * call-seq:
+ *   each {|entry_name| ... } -> self
  *
- *  Calls the block once for each entry in this directory, passing the
- *  filename of each entry as a parameter to the block.
+ * Calls the block with each entry name in +self+:
  *
- *  If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
+ *   Dir.new('example').each {|entry_name| p entry_name }
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.each  {|x| puts "Got #{x}" }
+ * Output:
+
+ *   "."
+ *   ".."
+ *   "config.h"
+ *   "lib"
+ *   "main.rb"
  *
- *  <em>produces:</em>
+ * With no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
- *     Got .
- *     Got ..
- *     Got config.h
- *     Got main.rb
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_each(VALUE dir)
@@ -844,16 +882,17 @@ dir_each_entry(VALUE dir, VALUE (*each)(VALUE, VALUE), VALUE arg, int children_o
 
 #ifdef HAVE_TELLDIR
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.pos -> integer
- *     dir.tell -> integer
+ * call-seq:
+ *   tell -> integer
  *
- *  Returns the current position in <em>dir</em>. See also Dir#seek.
+ * Returns the current position of +self+;
+ * see {Dir As Stream-Like}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like]:
+ *
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.tell  # => 0
+ *   dir.read  # => "."
+ *   dir.tell  # => 1
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.tell   #=> 0
- *     d.read   #=> "."
- *     d.tell   #=> 12
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_tell(VALUE dir)
@@ -871,18 +910,24 @@ dir_tell(VALUE dir)
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SEEKDIR
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.seek( integer ) -> dir
- *
- *  Seeks to a particular location in <em>dir</em>. <i>integer</i>
- *  must be a value returned by Dir#tell.
- *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")   #=> #<Dir:0x401b3c40>
- *     d.read                   #=> "."
- *     i = d.tell               #=> 12
- *     d.read                   #=> ".."
- *     d.seek(i)                #=> #<Dir:0x401b3c40>
- *     d.read                   #=> ".."
+ * call-seq:
+ *   seek(position) -> self
+ *
+ * Sets the position in +self+ and returns +self+.
+ * The value of +position+ should have been returned from an earlier call to #tell;
+ * if not, the return values from subsequent calls to #read are unspecified.
+ *
+ * See {Dir As Stream-Like}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like].
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.pos      # => 0
+ *   dir.seek(3)  # => #<Dir:example>
+ *   dir.pos      # => 3
+ *   dir.seek(30) # => #<Dir:example>
+ *   dir.pos      # => 5
+ *
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_seek(VALUE dir, VALUE pos)
@@ -900,17 +945,24 @@ dir_seek(VALUE dir, VALUE pos)
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SEEKDIR
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.pos = integer  -> integer
+ * call-seq:
+ *   pos = position -> integer
+ *
+ * Sets the position in +self+ and returns +position+.
+ * The value of +position+ should have been returned from an earlier call to #tell;
+ * if not, the return values from subsequent calls to #read are unspecified.
  *
- *  Synonym for Dir#seek, but returns the position parameter.
+ * See {Dir As Stream-Like}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like].
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.pos      # => 0
+ *   dir.pos = 3  # => 3
+ *   dir.pos      # => 3
+ *   dir.pos = 30 # => 30
+ *   dir.pos      # => 5
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")   #=> #<Dir:0x401b3c40>
- *     d.read                   #=> "."
- *     i = d.pos                #=> 12
- *     d.read                   #=> ".."
- *     d.pos = i                #=> 12
- *     d.read                   #=> ".."
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_set_pos(VALUE dir, VALUE pos)
@@ -923,15 +975,19 @@ dir_set_pos(VALUE dir, VALUE pos)
 #endif
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.rewind -> dir
+ * call-seq:
+ *   rewind -> self
+ *
+ * Sets the position in +self+ to zero;
+ * see {Dir As Stream-Like}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like]:
  *
- *  Repositions <em>dir</em> to the first entry.
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.read    # => "."
+ *   dir.read    # => ".."
+ *   dir.pos     # => 2
+ *   dir.rewind  # => #<Dir:example>
+ *   dir.pos     # => 0
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.read     #=> "."
- *     d.rewind   #=> #<Dir:0x401b3fb0>
- *     d.read     #=> "."
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_rewind(VALUE dir)
@@ -944,14 +1000,18 @@ dir_rewind(VALUE dir)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.close -> nil
+ * call-seq:
+ *   close -> nil
+ *
+ * Closes the stream in +self+, if it is open, and returns +nil+;
+ * ignored if +self+ is already closed:
  *
- *  Closes the directory stream.
- *  Calling this method on closed Dir object is ignored since Ruby 2.3.
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.read     # => "."
+ *   dir.close     # => nil
+ *   dir.close     # => nil
+ *   dir.read # Raises IOError.
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.close   #=> nil
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_close(VALUE dir)
@@ -975,7 +1035,7 @@ nogvl_chdir(void *ptr)
 }
 
 static void
-dir_chdir(VALUE path)
+dir_chdir0(VALUE path)
 {
     if (chdir(RSTRING_PTR(path)) < 0)
         rb_sys_fail_path(path);
@@ -987,18 +1047,19 @@ static VALUE chdir_thread = Qnil;
 struct chdir_data {
     VALUE old_path, new_path;
     int done;
+    bool yield_path;
 };
 
 static VALUE
 chdir_yield(VALUE v)
 {
     struct chdir_data *args = (void *)v;
-    dir_chdir(args->new_path);
+    dir_chdir0(args->new_path);
     args->done = TRUE;
     chdir_blocking++;
     if (NIL_P(chdir_thread))
         chdir_thread = rb_thread_current();
-    return rb_yield(args->new_path);
+    return args->yield_path ? rb_yield(args->new_path) : rb_yield_values2(0, NULL);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1009,50 +1070,103 @@ chdir_restore(VALUE v)
         chdir_blocking--;
         if (chdir_blocking == 0)
             chdir_thread = Qnil;
-        dir_chdir(args->old_path);
+        dir_chdir0(args->old_path);
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+chdir_path(VALUE path, bool yield_path)
+{
+    if (chdir_blocking > 0) {
+        if (rb_thread_current() != chdir_thread)
+            rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "conflicting chdir during another chdir block");
+        if (!rb_block_given_p())
+            rb_warn("conflicting chdir during another chdir block");
+    }
+
+    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
+        struct chdir_data args;
+
+        args.old_path = rb_str_encode_ospath(rb_dir_getwd());
+        args.new_path = path;
+        args.done = FALSE;
+        args.yield_path = yield_path;
+        return rb_ensure(chdir_yield, (VALUE)&args, chdir_restore, (VALUE)&args);
+    }
+    else {
+        char *p = RSTRING_PTR(path);
+        int r = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_chdir, p,
+                                                        RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
+        if (r < 0)
+            rb_sys_fail_path(path);
+    }
+
+    return INT2FIX(0);
+}
+
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.chdir( [ string] ) -> 0
- *     Dir.chdir( [ string] ) {| path | block }  -> anObject
- *
- *  Changes the current working directory of the process to the given
- *  string. When called without an argument, changes the directory to
- *  the value of the environment variable <code>HOME</code>, or
- *  <code>LOGDIR</code>. SystemCallError (probably Errno::ENOENT) if
- *  the target directory does not exist.
- *
- *  If a block is given, it is passed the name of the new current
- *  directory, and the block is executed with that as the current
- *  directory. The original working directory is restored when the block
- *  exits. The return value of <code>chdir</code> is the value of the
- *  block. <code>chdir</code> blocks can be nested, but in a
- *  multi-threaded program an error will be raised if a thread attempts
- *  to open a <code>chdir</code> block while another thread has one
- *  open or a call to <code>chdir</code> without a block occurs inside
- *  a block passed to <code>chdir</code> (even in the same thread).
- *
- *     Dir.chdir("/var/spool/mail")
- *     puts Dir.pwd
- *     Dir.chdir("/tmp") do
- *       puts Dir.pwd
- *       Dir.chdir("/usr") do
- *         puts Dir.pwd
- *       end
- *       puts Dir.pwd
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.chdir(new_dirpath) -> 0
+ *   Dir.chdir -> 0
+ *   Dir.chdir(new_dirpath) {|new_dirpath| ... } -> object
+ *   Dir.chdir {|cur_dirpath| ... } -> object
+ *
+ * Changes the current working directory.
+ *
+ * With argument +new_dirpath+ and no block,
+ * changes to the given +dirpath+:
+ *
+ *   Dir.pwd         # => "/example"
+ *   Dir.chdir('..') # => 0
+ *   Dir.pwd         # => "/"
+ *
+ * With no argument and no block:
+ *
+ * - Changes to the value of environment variable +HOME+ if defined.
+ * - Otherwise changes to the value of environment variable +LOGDIR+ if defined.
+ * - Otherwise makes no change.
+ *
+ * With argument +new_dirpath+ and a block, temporarily changes the working directory:
+ *
+ * - Calls the block with the argument.
+ * - Changes to the given directory.
+ * - Executes the block (yielding the new path).
+ * - Restores the previous working directory.
+ * - Returns the block's return value.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *
+ *   Dir.chdir('/var/spool/mail')
+ *   Dir.pwd   # => "/var/spool/mail"
+ *   Dir.chdir('/tmp') do
+ *     Dir.pwd # => "/tmp"
+ *   end
+ *   Dir.pwd   # => "/var/spool/mail"
+ *
+ * With no argument and a block,
+ * calls the block with the current working directory (string)
+ * and returns the block's return value.
+ *
+ * Calls to \Dir.chdir with blocks may be nested:
+ *
+ *   Dir.chdir('/var/spool/mail')
+ *   Dir.pwd     # => "/var/spool/mail"
+ *   Dir.chdir('/tmp') do
+ *     Dir.pwd   # => "/tmp"
+ *     Dir.chdir('/usr') do
+ *       Dir.pwd # => "/usr"
  *     end
- *     puts Dir.pwd
+ *     Dir.pwd   # => "/tmp"
+ *   end
+ *   Dir.pwd     # => "/var/spool/mail"
  *
- *  <em>produces:</em>
+ * In a multi-threaded program an error is raised if a thread attempts
+ * to open a +chdir+ block while another thread has one open,
+ * or a call to +chdir+ without a block occurs inside
+ * a block passed to +chdir+ (even in the same thread).
  *
- *     /var/spool/mail
- *     /tmp
- *     /usr
- *     /tmp
- *     /var/spool/mail
+ * Raises an exception if the target directory does not exist.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_chdir(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
@@ -1071,6 +1185,114 @@ dir_s_chdir(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
         path = rb_str_new2(dist);
     }
 
+    return chdir_path(path, true);
+}
+
+#if defined(HAVE_FCHDIR) && defined(HAVE_DIRFD) && HAVE_FCHDIR && HAVE_DIRFD
+static void *
+nogvl_fchdir(void *ptr)
+{
+    const int *fd = ptr;
+
+    return (void *)(VALUE)fchdir(*fd);
+}
+
+static void
+dir_fchdir(int fd)
+{
+    if (fchdir(fd) < 0)
+        rb_sys_fail("fchdir");
+}
+
+struct fchdir_data {
+    VALUE old_dir;
+    int fd;
+    int done;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+fchdir_yield(VALUE v)
+{
+    struct fchdir_data *args = (void *)v;
+    dir_fchdir(args->fd);
+    args->done = TRUE;
+    chdir_blocking++;
+    if (NIL_P(chdir_thread))
+        chdir_thread = rb_thread_current();
+    return rb_yield_values(0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+fchdir_restore(VALUE v)
+{
+    struct fchdir_data *args = (void *)v;
+    if (args->done) {
+        chdir_blocking--;
+        if (chdir_blocking == 0)
+            chdir_thread = Qnil;
+        dir_fchdir(RB_NUM2INT(dir_fileno(args->old_dir)));
+    }
+    dir_close(args->old_dir);
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.fchdir(fd) -> 0
+ *   Dir.fchdir(fd) { ... } -> object
+ *
+ * Changes the current working directory to the directory
+ * specified by the integer file descriptor +fd+.
+ *
+ * When passing a file descriptor over a UNIX socket or to a child process,
+ * using +fchdir+ instead of +chdir+ avoids the
+ * {time-of-check to time-of-use vulnerability}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-of-check_to_time-of-use]
+ *
+ * With no block, changes to the directory given by +fd+:
+ *
+ *   Dir.chdir('/var/spool/mail')
+ *   Dir.pwd # => "/var/spool/mail"
+ *   dir  = Dir.new('/usr')
+ *   fd = dir.fileno
+ *   Dir.fchdir(fd)
+ *   Dir.pwd # => "/usr"
+ *
+ * With a block, temporarily changes the working directory:
+ *
+ * - Calls the block with the argument.
+ * - Changes to the given directory.
+ * - Executes the block (yields no args).
+ * - Restores the previous working directory.
+ * - Returns the block's return value.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *
+ *   Dir.chdir('/var/spool/mail')
+ *   Dir.pwd # => "/var/spool/mail"
+ *   dir  = Dir.new('/tmp')
+ *   fd = dir.fileno
+ *   Dir.fchdir(fd) do
+ *     Dir.pwd # => "/tmp"
+ *   end
+ *   Dir.pwd # => "/var/spool/mail"
+ *
+ * This method uses the
+ * {fchdir()}[https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/fchdir.3p.html]
+ * function defined by POSIX 2008;
+ * the method is not implemented on non-POSIX platforms (raises NotImplementedError).
+ *
+ * Raises an exception if the file descriptor is not valid.
+ *
+ * In a multi-threaded program an error is raised if a thread attempts
+ * to open a +chdir+ block while another thread has one open,
+ * or a call to +chdir+ without a block occurs inside
+ * a block passed to +chdir+ (even in the same thread).
+ */
+static VALUE
+dir_s_fchdir(VALUE klass, VALUE fd_value)
+{
+    int fd = RB_NUM2INT(fd_value);
+
     if (chdir_blocking > 0) {
         if (rb_thread_current() != chdir_thread)
             rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "conflicting chdir during another chdir block");
@@ -1079,23 +1301,58 @@ dir_s_chdir(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
     }
 
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-        struct chdir_data args;
-
-        args.old_path = rb_str_encode_ospath(rb_dir_getwd());
-        args.new_path = path;
+        struct fchdir_data args;
+        args.old_dir = dir_s_alloc(klass);
+        dir_initialize(NULL, args.old_dir, rb_fstring_cstr("."), Qnil);
+        args.fd = fd;
         args.done = FALSE;
-        return rb_ensure(chdir_yield, (VALUE)&args, chdir_restore, (VALUE)&args);
+        return rb_ensure(fchdir_yield, (VALUE)&args, fchdir_restore, (VALUE)&args);
     }
     else {
-        char *p = RSTRING_PTR(path);
-        int r = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_chdir, p,
-                                                        RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
+        int r = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_fchdir, &fd,
+                                                       RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
         if (r < 0)
-            rb_sys_fail_path(path);
+            rb_sys_fail("fchdir");
     }
 
     return INT2FIX(0);
 }
+#else
+#define dir_s_fchdir rb_f_notimplement
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   chdir -> 0
+ *   chdir { ... } -> object
+ *
+ * Changes the current working directory to +self+:
+ *
+ *   Dir.pwd # => "/"
+ *   dir = Dir.new('example')
+ *   dir.chdir
+ *   Dir.pwd # => "/example"
+ *
+ * With a block, temporarily changes the working directory:
+ *
+ * - Calls the block.
+ * - Changes to the given directory.
+ * - Executes the block (yields no args).
+ * - Restores the previous working directory.
+ * - Returns the block's return value.
+ *
+ * Uses Dir.fchdir if available, and Dir.chdir if not, see those
+ * methods for caveats.
+ */
+static VALUE
+dir_chdir(VALUE dir)
+{
+#if defined(HAVE_FCHDIR) && defined(HAVE_DIRFD) && HAVE_FCHDIR && HAVE_DIRFD
+    return dir_s_fchdir(rb_cDir, dir_fileno(dir));
+#else
+    return chdir_path(dir_get(dir)->path, false);
+#endif
+}
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
 VALUE
@@ -1143,16 +1400,14 @@ rb_dir_getwd(void)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.getwd -> string
- *     Dir.pwd -> string
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.pwd -> string
+ *
+ * Returns the path to the current working directory:
  *
- *  Returns the path to the current working directory of this process as
- *  a string.
+ *   Dir.chdir("/tmp") # => 0
+ *   Dir.pwd           # => "/tmp"
  *
- *     Dir.chdir("/tmp")   #=> 0
- *     Dir.getwd           #=> "/tmp"
- *     Dir.pwd             #=> "/tmp"
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_getwd(VALUE dir)
@@ -1182,13 +1437,16 @@ check_dirname(VALUE dir)
 
 #if defined(HAVE_CHROOT)
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.chroot( string ) -> 0
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.chroot(dirpath) -> 0
+ *
+ * Changes the root directory of the calling process to that specified in +dirpath+.
+ * The new root directory is used for pathnames beginning with <tt>'/'</tt>.
+ * The root directory is inherited by all children of the calling process.
+ *
+ * Only a privileged process may call +chroot+.
  *
- *  Changes this process's idea of the file system root. Only a
- *  privileged process may make this call. Not available on all
- *  platforms. On Unix systems, see <code>chroot(2)</code> for more
- *  information.
+ * See {Linux chroot}[https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/chroot.2.html].
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_chroot(VALUE dir, VALUE path)
@@ -1217,18 +1475,20 @@ nogvl_mkdir(void *ptr)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.mkdir( string [, integer] ) -> 0
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.mkdir(dirpath, permissions = 0775) -> 0
  *
- *  Makes a new directory named by <i>string</i>, with permissions
- *  specified by the optional parameter <i>anInteger</i>. The
- *  permissions may be modified by the value of File::umask, and are
- *  ignored on NT. Raises a SystemCallError if the directory cannot be
- *  created. See also the discussion of permissions in the class
- *  documentation for File.
+ * Creates a directory in the underlying file system
+ * at +dirpath+ with the given +permissions+;
+ * returns zero:
  *
- *    Dir.mkdir(File.join(Dir.home, ".foo"), 0700) #=> 0
+ *   Dir.mkdir('foo')
+ *   File.stat(Dir.new('foo')).mode.to_s(8)[1..4] # => "0755"
+ *   Dir.mkdir('bar', 0644)
+ *   File.stat(Dir.new('bar')).mode.to_s(8)[1..4] # => "0644"
  *
+ * See {File Permissions}[rdoc-ref:File@File+Permissions].
+ * Note that argument +permissions+ is ignored on Windows.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_mkdir(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
@@ -1262,13 +1522,14 @@ nogvl_rmdir(void *ptr)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.delete( string ) -> 0
- *     Dir.rmdir( string ) -> 0
- *     Dir.unlink( string ) -> 0
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.rmdir(dirpath) -> 0
+ *
+ * Removes the directory at +dirpath+ from the underlying file system:
  *
- *  Deletes the named directory. Raises a subclass of SystemCallError
- *  if the directory isn't empty.
+ *   Dir.rmdir('foo') # => 0
+ *
+ * Raises an exception if the directory is not empty.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_rmdir(VALUE obj, VALUE dir)
@@ -1476,7 +1737,7 @@ nogvl_opendir_at(void *ptr)
             /* fallthrough*/
           case 0:
             if (fd >= 0) close(fd);
-            errno = e;
+            rb_errno_set(e);
         }
     }
 #else  /* !USE_OPENDIR_AT */
@@ -2305,7 +2566,7 @@ glob_helper(
 #endif
             break;
           case BRACE:
-            if (!recursive) {
+            if (!recursive || strchr(p->str, '/')) {
                 brace = 1;
             }
             break;
@@ -2869,7 +3130,7 @@ push_glob(VALUE ary, VALUE str, VALUE base, int flags)
     fd = AT_FDCWD;
     if (!NIL_P(base)) {
         if (!RB_TYPE_P(base, T_STRING) || !rb_enc_check(str, base)) {
-            struct dir_data *dirp = DATA_PTR(base);
+            struct dir_data *dirp = RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(base);
             if (!dirp->dir) dir_closed();
 #ifdef HAVE_DIRFD
             if ((fd = dirfd(dirp->dir)) == -1)
@@ -2932,7 +3193,7 @@ dir_globs(VALUE args, VALUE base, int flags)
 static VALUE
 dir_glob_option_base(VALUE base)
 {
-    if (base == Qundef || NIL_P(base)) {
+    if (NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(base)) {
         return Qnil;
     }
 #if USE_OPENDIR_AT
@@ -2993,26 +3254,35 @@ dir_open_dir(int argc, VALUE *argv)
 
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.foreach( dirname ) {| filename | block }                 -> nil
- *     Dir.foreach( dirname, encoding: enc ) {| filename | block }  -> nil
- *     Dir.foreach( dirname )                                       -> an_enumerator
- *     Dir.foreach( dirname, encoding: enc )                        -> an_enumerator
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.foreach(dirpath, encoding: 'UTF-8') {|entry_name| ... }  -> nil
+ *
+ * Calls the block with each entry name in the directory at +dirpath+;
+ * sets the given encoding onto each passed +entry_name+:
+ *
+ *   Dir.foreach('/example') {|entry_name| p entry_name }
+ *
+ * Output:
  *
- *  Calls the block once for each entry in the named directory, passing
- *  the filename of each entry as a parameter to the block.
+ *   "config.h"
+ *   "lib"
+ *   "main.rb"
+ *   ".."
+ *   "."
  *
- *  If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
+ * Encoding:
  *
- *     Dir.foreach("testdir") {|x| puts "Got #{x}" }
+ *   Dir.foreach('/example') {|entry_name| p entry_name.encoding; break }
+ *   Dir.foreach('/example', encoding: 'US-ASCII') {|entry_name| p entry_name.encoding; break }
  *
- *  <em>produces:</em>
+ * Output:
  *
- *     Got .
- *     Got ..
- *     Got config.h
- *     Got main.rb
+ *   #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+ *   #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
  *
+ * See {String Encoding}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@String+Encoding].
+ *
+ * Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_foreach(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
@@ -3034,19 +3304,21 @@ dir_collect(VALUE dir)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.entries( dirname )                -> array
- *     Dir.entries( dirname, encoding: enc ) -> array
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.entries(dirname, encoding: 'UTF-8') -> array
  *
- *  Returns an array containing all of the filenames in the given
- *  directory. Will raise a SystemCallError if the named directory
- *  doesn't exist.
+ * Returns an array of the entry names in the directory at +dirpath+;
+ * sets the given encoding onto each returned entry name:
  *
- *  The optional <i>encoding</i> keyword argument specifies the encoding of the
- *  directory. If not specified, the filesystem encoding is used.
+ *   Dir.entries('/example') # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb", "..", "."]
+ *   Dir.entries('/example').first.encoding
+ *   # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+ *   Dir.entries('/example', encoding: 'US-ASCII').first.encoding
+ *   # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
  *
- *     Dir.entries("testdir")   #=> [".", "..", "config.h", "main.rb"]
+ * See {String Encoding}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@String+Encoding].
  *
+ * Raises an exception if the directory does not exist.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_entries(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
@@ -3064,25 +3336,12 @@ dir_each_child(VALUE dir)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.each_child( dirname ) {| filename | block }                 -> nil
- *     Dir.each_child( dirname, encoding: enc ) {| filename | block }  -> nil
- *     Dir.each_child( dirname )                                       -> an_enumerator
- *     Dir.each_child( dirname, encoding: enc )                        -> an_enumerator
- *
- *  Calls the block once for each entry except for "." and ".." in the
- *  named directory, passing the filename of each entry as a parameter
- *  to the block.
- *
- *  If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
- *
- *     Dir.each_child("testdir") {|x| puts "Got #{x}" }
- *
- *  <em>produces:</em>
- *
- *     Got config.h
- *     Got main.rb
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.each_child(dirpath) {|entry_name| ... } -> nil
+ *   Dir.each_child(dirpath, encoding: 'UTF-8') {|entry_name| ... }  -> nil
  *
+ * Like Dir.foreach, except that entries <tt>'.'</tt> and <tt>'..'</tt>
+ * are not included.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_each_child(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
@@ -3096,24 +3355,22 @@ dir_s_each_child(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.each_child {| filename | block }  -> dir
- *     dir.each_child                        -> an_enumerator
- *
- *  Calls the block once for each entry except for "." and ".." in
- *  this directory, passing the filename of each entry as a parameter
- *  to the block.
+ * call-seq:
+ *   each_child {|entry_name| ... } -> self
  *
- *  If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
+ * Calls the block with each entry name in +self+
+ * except <tt>'.'</tt> and <tt>'..'</tt>:
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.each_child  {|x| puts "Got #{x}" }
+ *   dir = Dir.new('/example')
+ *   dir.each_child {|entry_name| p entry_name }
  *
- *  <em>produces:</em>
+ * Output:
  *
- *     Got config.h
- *     Got main.rb
+ *   "config.h"
+ *   "lib"
+ *   "main.rb"
  *
+ * If no block is given, returns an enumerator.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_each_child_m(VALUE dir)
@@ -3123,14 +3380,14 @@ dir_each_child_m(VALUE dir)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     dir.children  -> array
+ * call-seq:
+ *   children -> array
  *
- *  Returns an array containing all of the filenames except for "."
- *  and ".." in this directory.
+ * Returns an array of the entry names in +self+
+ * except for <tt>'.'</tt> and <tt>'..'</tt>:
  *
- *     d = Dir.new("testdir")
- *     d.children   #=> ["config.h", "main.rb"]
+ *   dir = Dir.new('/example')
+ *   dir.children # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -3142,19 +3399,23 @@ dir_collect_children(VALUE dir)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *     Dir.children( dirname )                -> array
- *     Dir.children( dirname, encoding: enc ) -> array
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.children(dirpath) -> array
+ *   Dir.children(dirpath, encoding: 'UTF-8') -> array
  *
- *  Returns an array containing all of the filenames except for "."
- *  and ".." in the given directory. Will raise a SystemCallError if
- *  the named directory doesn't exist.
+ * Returns an array of the entry names in the directory at +dirpath+
+ * except for <tt>'.'</tt> and <tt>'..'</tt>;
+ * sets the given encoding onto each returned entry name:
  *
- *  The optional <i>encoding</i> keyword argument specifies the encoding of the
- *  directory. If not specified, the filesystem encoding is used.
+ *   Dir.children('/example') # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
+ *   Dir.children('/example').first.encoding
+ *   # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+ *   Dir.children('/example', encoding: 'US-ASCII').first.encoding
+ *   # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
  *
- *     Dir.children("testdir")   #=> ["config.h", "main.rb"]
+ * See {String Encoding}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@String+Encoding].
  *
+ * Raises an exception if the directory does not exist.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_children(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
@@ -3228,12 +3489,16 @@ file_s_fnmatch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq:
- *    Dir.home()       -> "/home/me"
- *    Dir.home("root") -> "/root"
+ * call-seq:
+ *   Dir.home(user_name = nil) -> dirpath
  *
- *  Returns the home directory of the current user or the named user
- *  if given.
+ * Retruns the home directory path of the user specified with +user_name+
+ * if it is not +nil+, or the current login user:
+ *
+ *   Dir.home         # => "/home/me"
+ *   Dir.home('root') # => "/root"
+ *
+ * Raises ArgumentError if +user_name+ is not a user name.
  */
 static VALUE
 dir_s_home(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
@@ -3258,10 +3523,15 @@ dir_s_home(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 #if 0
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   Dir.exist?(file_name)   ->  true or false
+ *   Dir.exist?(dirpath) ->  true or false
+ *
+ * Returns whether +dirpath+ is a directory in the underlying file system:
  *
- * Returns <code>true</code> if the named file is a directory,
- * <code>false</code> otherwise.
+ *   Dir.exist?('/example')         # => true
+ *   Dir.exist?('/nosuch')          # => false
+ *   Dir.exist?('/example/main.rb') # => false
+ *
+ * Same as File.directory?.
  *
  */
 VALUE
@@ -3288,8 +3558,7 @@ nogvl_dir_empty_p(void *ptr)
             /* fall through */
           case 0:
             if (e == ENOTDIR) return (void *)Qfalse;
-            errno = e; /* for rb_sys_fail_path */
-            return (void *)Qundef;
+            return (void *)INT2FIX(e);
         }
     }
     while ((dp = READDIR(dir, NULL)) != NULL) {
@@ -3304,10 +3573,18 @@ nogvl_dir_empty_p(void *ptr)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   Dir.empty?(path_name)  ->  true or false
+ *   Dir.empty?(dirpath) ->  true or false
+ *
+ * Returns whether +dirpath+ specifies an empty directory:
+ *
+ *   dirpath = '/tmp/foo'
+ *   Dir.mkdir(dirpath)
+ *   Dir.empty?(dirpath)            # => true
+ *   Dir.empty?('/example')         # => false
+ *   Dir.empty?('/example/main.rb') # => false
  *
- * Returns <code>true</code> if the named file is an empty directory,
- * <code>false</code> if it is not a directory or non-empty.
+ * Raises an exception if +dirpath+ does not specify a directory or file
+ * in the underlying file system.
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_dir_s_empty_p(VALUE obj, VALUE dirname)
@@ -3343,8 +3620,8 @@ rb_dir_s_empty_p(VALUE obj, VALUE dirname)
 
     result = (VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_dir_empty_p, (void *)path,
                                             RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
-    if (result == Qundef) {
-        rb_sys_fail_path(orig);
+    if (FIXNUM_P(result)) {
+        rb_syserr_fail_path((int)FIX2LONG(result), orig);
     }
     return result;
 }
@@ -3357,6 +3634,7 @@ Init_Dir(void)
     rb_include_module(rb_cDir, rb_mEnumerable);
 
     rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cDir, dir_s_alloc);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir,"for_fd", dir_s_for_fd, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir, "foreach", dir_foreach, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir, "entries", dir_entries, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir, "each_child", dir_s_each_child, -1);
@@ -3376,7 +3654,9 @@ Init_Dir(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cDir,"pos", dir_tell, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cDir,"pos=", dir_set_pos, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cDir,"close", dir_close, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cDir,"chdir", dir_chdir, 0);
 
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir,"fchdir", dir_s_fchdir, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir,"chdir", dir_s_chdir, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir,"getwd", dir_s_getwd, 0);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cDir,"pwd", dir_s_getwd, 0);
@@ -3393,51 +3673,26 @@ Init_Dir(void)
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFile,"fnmatch", file_s_fnmatch, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFile,"fnmatch?", file_s_fnmatch, -1);
 
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_NOESCAPE
-     *
-     *  Disables escapes in File.fnmatch and Dir.glob patterns
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_NOESCAPE
+     * {File::FNM_NOESCAPE}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_NOESCAPE] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_NOESCAPE", INT2FIX(FNM_NOESCAPE));
-
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_PATHNAME
-     *
-     *  Wildcards in File.fnmatch and Dir.glob patterns do not match directory
-     *  separators
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_PATHNAME
+     * {File::FNM_PATHNAME}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_PATHNAME] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_PATHNAME", INT2FIX(FNM_PATHNAME));
-
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_DOTMATCH
-     *
-     *  The '*' wildcard matches filenames starting with "." in File.fnmatch
-     *  and Dir.glob patterns
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_DOTMATCH
+     * {File::FNM_DOTMATCH}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_DOTMATCH] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_DOTMATCH", INT2FIX(FNM_DOTMATCH));
-
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_CASEFOLD
-     *
-     *  Makes File.fnmatch patterns case insensitive (but not Dir.glob
-     *  patterns).
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_CASEFOLD
+     * {File::FNM_CASEFOLD}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_CASEFOLD] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_CASEFOLD", INT2FIX(FNM_CASEFOLD));
-
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_EXTGLOB
-     *
-     *  Allows file globbing through "{a,b}" in File.fnmatch patterns.
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_EXTGLOB
+     * {File::FNM_EXTGLOB}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_EXTGLOB] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_EXTGLOB", INT2FIX(FNM_EXTGLOB));
-
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_SYSCASE
-     *
-     *  System default case insensitiveness, equals to FNM_CASEFOLD or
-     *  0.
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_SYSCASE
+     * {File::FNM_SYSCASE}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_SYSCASE] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_SYSCASE", INT2FIX(FNM_SYSCASE));
-
-    /*  Document-const: File::Constants::FNM_SHORTNAME
-     *
-     *  Makes patterns to match short names if existing.  Valid only
-     *  on Microsoft Windows.
-     */
+    /* Document-const: FNM_SHORTNAME
+     * {File::FNM_SHORTNAME}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AFNM_SHORTNAME] */
     rb_file_const("FNM_SHORTNAME", INT2FIX(FNM_SHORTNAME));
 }
 
diff --git a/dir.rb b/dir.rb
index 2e426b0881..632c49eee9 100644
--- a/dir.rb
+++ b/dir.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,85 @@
-# Objects of class Dir are directory streams representing
-# directories in the underlying file system. They provide a variety
-# of ways to list directories and their contents. See also File.
+# An object of class \Dir represents a directory in the underlying file system.
 #
-# The directory used in these examples contains the two regular files
-# (<code>config.h</code> and <code>main.rb</code>), the parent
-# directory (<code>..</code>), and the directory itself
-# (<code>.</code>).
+# It consists mainly of:
+#
+# - A string _path_, given when the object is created,
+#   that specifies a directory in the underlying file system;
+#   method #path returns the path.
+# - A collection of string <i>entry names</i>,
+#   each of which is the name of a directory or file in the underlying file system;
+#   the entry names may be retrieved
+#   in an {array-like fashion}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Array-Like]
+#   or in a {stream-like fashion}[rdoc-ref:Dir@Dir+As+Stream-Like].
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# Some examples on this page use this simple file tree:
+#
+#   example/
+#   ├── config.h
+#   ├── lib/
+#   │   ├── song/
+#   │   │   └── karaoke.rb
+#   │   └── song.rb
+#   └── main.rb
+#
+# Others use the file tree for the
+# {Ruby project itself}[https://github.com/ruby/ruby].
+#
+# == \Dir As \Array-Like
+#
+# A \Dir object is in some ways array-like:
+#
+# - It has instance methods #children, #each, and #each_child.
+# - It includes {module Enumerable}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@What-27s+Here].
+#
+# == \Dir As Stream-Like
+#
+# A \Dir object is in some ways stream-like.
+#
+# The stream is initially open for reading,
+# but may be closed manually (using method #close),
+# and will be closed on block exit if created by Dir.open called with a block.
+# The closed stream may not be further manipulated,
+# and may not be reopened.
+#
+# The stream has a _position_, which is the index of an entry in the directory:
+#
+# - The initial position is zero (before the first entry).
+# - \Method #tell (aliased as #pos) returns the position.
+# - \Method #pos= sets the position (but ignores a value outside the stream),
+#   and returns the position.
+# - \Method #seek is like #pos=, but returns +self+ (convenient for chaining).
+# - \Method #read, if not at end-of-stream, reads the next entry and increments
+#   the position;
+#   if at end-of-stream, does not increment the position.
+# - \Method #rewind sets the position to zero.
+#
+# Examples (using the {simple file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]):
+#
+#   dir = Dir.new('example') # => #<Dir:example>
+#   dir.pos                  # => 0
+#
+#   dir.read # => "."
+#   dir.read # => ".."
+#   dir.read # => "config.h"
+#   dir.read # => "lib"
+#   dir.read # => "main.rb"
+#   dir.pos  # => 5
+#   dir.read # => nil
+#   dir.pos  # => 5
+#
+#   dir.rewind # => #<Dir:example>
+#   dir.pos    # => 0
+#
+#   dir.pos = 3 # => 3
+#   dir.pos     # => 3
+#
+#   dir.seek(4) # => #<Dir:example>
+#   dir.pos     # => 4
+#
+#   dir.close # => nil
+#   dir.read  # Raises IOError.
 #
 # == What's Here
 #
@@ -80,20 +154,32 @@
 #   closing it upon block exit.
 # - ::unlink (aliased as ::delete and ::rmdir): Removes the given directory.
 # - #inspect: Returns a string description of +self+.
+#
 class Dir
   # call-seq:
-  #    Dir.open( string ) -> aDir
-  #    Dir.open( string, encoding: enc ) -> aDir
-  #    Dir.open( string ) {| aDir | block } -> anObject
-  #    Dir.open( string, encoding: enc ) {| aDir | block } -> anObject
-  #
-  # The optional <i>encoding</i> keyword argument specifies the encoding of the directory.
-  # If not specified, the filesystem encoding is used.
-  #
-  # With no block, <code>open</code> is a synonym for Dir::new. If a
-  # block is present, it is passed <i>aDir</i> as a parameter. The
-  # directory is closed at the end of the block, and Dir::open returns
-  # the value of the block.
+  #   Dir.open(dirpath) -> dir
+  #   Dir.open(dirpath, encoding: nil) -> dir
+  #   Dir.open(dirpath) {|dir| ... } -> object
+  #   Dir.open(dirpath, encoding: nil) {|dir| ... } -> object
+  #
+  # Creates a new \Dir object _dir_ for the directory at +dirpath+.
+  #
+  # With no block, the method equivalent to Dir.new(dirpath, encoding):
+  #
+  #   Dir.open('.') # => #<Dir:.>
+  #
+  # With a block given, the block is called with the created _dir_;
+  # on block exit _dir_ is closed and the block's value is returned:
+  #
+  #   Dir.open('.') {|dir| dir.inspect } # => "#<Dir:.>"
+  #
+  # The value given with optional keyword argument +encoding+
+  # specifies the encoding for the directory entry names;
+  # if +nil+ (the default), the file system's encoding is used:
+  #
+  #   Dir.open('.').read.encoding                       # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+  #   Dir.open('.', encoding: 'US-ASCII').read.encoding # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+  #
   def self.open(name, encoding: nil, &block)
     dir = Primitive.dir_s_open(name, encoding)
     if block
@@ -108,114 +194,219 @@ class Dir
   end
 
   # call-seq:
-  #    Dir.new( string ) -> aDir
-  #    Dir.new( string, encoding: enc ) -> aDir
+  #   Dir.new(dirpath) -> dir
+  #   Dir.new(dirpath, encoding: nil) -> dir
+  #
+  # Returns a new \Dir object for the directory at +dirpath+:
+  #
+  #   Dir.new('.') # => #<Dir:.>
   #
-  # Returns a new directory object for the named directory.
+  # The value given with optional keyword argument +encoding+
+  # specifies the encoding for the directory entry names;
+  # if +nil+ (the default), the file system's encoding is used:
+  #
+  #   Dir.new('.').read.encoding                       # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+  #   Dir.new('.', encoding: 'US-ASCII').read.encoding # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
   #
-  # The optional <i>encoding</i> keyword argument specifies the encoding of the directory.
-  # If not specified, the filesystem encoding is used.
   def initialize(name, encoding: nil)
     Primitive.dir_initialize(name, encoding)
   end
 
   # call-seq:
-  #    Dir[ string [, string ...] [, base: path] [, sort: true] ] -> array
+  #   Dir[*patterns, base: nil, sort: true] -> array
+  #
+  # Calls Dir.glob with argument +patterns+
+  # and the values of keyword arguments +base+ and +sort+;
+  # returns the array of selected entry names.
   #
-  # Equivalent to calling
-  # <code>Dir.glob([</code><i>string,...</i><code>], 0)</code>.
   def self.[](*args, base: nil, sort: true)
     Primitive.dir_s_aref(args, base, sort)
   end
 
   # call-seq:
-  #    Dir.glob( pattern, [flags], [base: path] [, sort: true] )                       -> array
-  #    Dir.glob( pattern, [flags], [base: path] [, sort: true] ) { |filename| block }  -> nil
+  #   Dir.glob(*patterns, flags: 0, base: nil, sort: true) -> array
+  #   Dir.glob(*patterns, flags: 0, base: nil, sort: true) {|entry_name| ... } -> nil
   #
-  # Expands +pattern+, which is a pattern string or an Array of pattern
-  # strings, and returns an array containing the matching filenames.
-  # If a block is given, calls the block once for each matching filename,
-  # passing the filename as a parameter to the block.
+  # Forms an array _entry_names_ of the entry names selected by the arguments.
   #
-  # The optional +base+ keyword argument specifies the base directory for
-  # interpreting relative pathnames instead of the current working directory.
-  # As the results are not prefixed with the base directory name in this
-  # case, you will need to prepend the base directory name if you want real
-  # paths.
+  # Argument +patterns+ is a string pattern or an array of string patterns;
+  # note that these are not regexps; see below.
   #
-  # The results which matched single wildcard or character set are sorted in
-  # binary ascending order, unless +false+ is given as the optional +sort+
-  # keyword argument.  The order of an Array of pattern strings and braces
-  # are preserved.
+  # Notes for the following examples:
   #
-  # Note that the pattern is not a regexp, it's closer to a shell glob.
-  # See File::fnmatch for the meaning of the +flags+ parameter.
-  # Case sensitivity depends on your system (+File::FNM_CASEFOLD+ is ignored).
+  # - <tt>'*'</tt> is the pattern that matches any entry name
+  #   except those that begin with <tt>'.'</tt>.
+  # - We use method Array#take to shorten returned arrays
+  #   that otherwise would be very large.
   #
-  # <code>*</code>::
-  #   Matches any file. Can be restricted by other values in the glob.
-  #   Equivalent to <code>/.*/mx</code> in regexp.
+  # With no block, returns array _entry_names_;
+  # example (using the {simple file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]):
   #
-  #   <code>*</code>::     Matches all files
-  #   <code>c*</code>::    Matches all files beginning with <code>c</code>
-  #   <code>*c</code>::    Matches all files ending with <code>c</code>
-  #   <code>\*c\*</code>:: Match all files that have <code>c</code> in them
-  #                        (including at the beginning or end).
+  #   Dir.glob('*') # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
   #
-  #   Note, this will not match Unix-like hidden files (dotfiles).  In order
-  #   to include those in the match results, you must use the
-  #   File::FNM_DOTMATCH flag or something like <code>"{*,.*}"</code>.
+  # With a block, calls the block with each of the _entry_names_
+  # and returns +nil+:
   #
-  # <code>**</code>::
-  #   Matches directories recursively if followed by <code>/</code>.  If
-  #   this path segment contains any other characters, it is the same as the
-  #   usual <code>*</code>.
+  #   Dir.glob('*') {|entry_name| puts entry_name } # => nil
   #
-  # <code>?</code>::
-  #   Matches any one character. Equivalent to <code>/.{1}/</code> in regexp.
+  # Output:
   #
-  # <code>[set]</code>::
-  #   Matches any one character in +set+.  Behaves exactly like character sets
-  #   in Regexp, including set negation (<code>[^a-z]</code>).
+  #   config.h
+  #   lib
+  #   main.rb
   #
-  # <code>{p,q}</code>::
-  #   Matches either literal <code>p</code> or literal <code>q</code>.
-  #   Equivalent to pattern alternation in regexp.
+  # If optional keyword argument +flags+ is given,
+  # the value modifies the matching; see below.
   #
-  #   Matching literals may be more than one character in length.  More than
-  #   two literals may be specified.
+  # If optional keyword argument +base+ is given,
+  # its value specifies the base directory.
+  # Each pattern string specifies entries relative to the base directory;
+  # the default is <tt>'.'</tt>.
+  # The base directory is not prepended to the entry names in the result:
   #
-  # <code>\\</code>::
-  #   Escapes the next metacharacter.
+  #   Dir.glob(pattern, base: 'lib').take(5)
+  #   # => ["abbrev.gemspec", "abbrev.rb", "base64.gemspec", "base64.rb", "benchmark.gemspec"]
+  #   Dir.glob(pattern, base: 'lib/irb').take(5)
+  #   # => ["cmd", "color.rb", "color_printer.rb", "completion.rb", "context.rb"]
   #
-  #   Note that this means you cannot use backslash on windows as part of a
-  #   glob, i.e.  <code>Dir["c:\\foo*"]</code> will not work, use
-  #   <code>Dir["c:/foo*"]</code> instead.
+  # If optional keyword +sort+ is given, its value specifies whether
+  # the array is to be sorted; the default is +true+.
+  # Passing value +false+ with that keyword disables sorting
+  # (though the underlying file system may already have sorted the array).
   #
-  # Examples:
+  # <b>Patterns</b>
+  #
+  # Each pattern string is expanded
+  # according to certain metacharacters;
+  # examples below use the {Ruby file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]:
+  #
+  # - <tt>'*'</tt>: Matches any substring in an entry name,
+  #   similar in meaning to regexp <tt>/.*/mx</tt>;
+  #   may be restricted by other values in the pattern strings:
+  #
+  #   - <tt>'*'</tt> matches all entry names:
+  #
+  #       Dir.glob('*').take(3)  # => ["BSDL", "CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING"]
+  #
+  #   - <tt>'c*'</tt> matches entry names beginning with <tt>'c'</tt>:
+  #
+  #       Dir.glob('c*').take(3) # => ["CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING", "COPYING.ja"]
+  #
+  #   - <tt>'*c'</tt> matches entry names ending with <tt>'c'</tt>:
+  #
+  #       Dir.glob('*c').take(3) # => ["addr2line.c", "array.c", "ast.c"]
+  #
+  #   - <tt>'\*c\*'</tt> matches entry names that contain <tt>'c'</tt>,
+  #     even at the beginning or end:
+  #
+  #       Dir.glob('*c*').take(3) # => ["CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING", "COPYING.ja"]
+  #
+  #   Does not match Unix-like hidden entry names ("dot files").
+  #   To include those in the matched entry names,
+  #   use flag IO::FNM_DOTMATCH or something like <tt>'{*,.*}'</tt>.
+  #
+  #  - <tt>'**'</tt>: Matches entry names recursively
+  #    if followed by  the slash character <tt>'/'</tt>:
+  #
+  #      Dir.glob('**/').take(3) # => ["basictest/", "benchmark/", "benchmark/gc/"]
+  #
+  #    If the string pattern contains other characters
+  #    or is not followed by a slash character,
+  #    it is equivalent to <tt>'*'</tt>.
+  #
+  # - <tt>'?'</tt> Matches any single character;
+  #   similar in meaning to regexp <tt>/./</tt>:
+  #
+  #     Dir.glob('io.?') # => ["io.c"]
+  #
+  # - <tt>'[_set_]'</tt>: Matches any one character in the string _set_;
+  #   behaves like a {Regexp character class}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Character+Classes],
+  #   including set negation (<tt>'[^a-z]'</tt>):
+  #
+  #     Dir.glob('*.[a-z][a-z]').take(3)
+  #     # => ["CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING.ja", "KNOWNBUGS.rb"]
+  #
+  # - <tt>'{_abc_,_xyz_}'</tt>:
+  #   Matches either string _abc_ or string _xyz_;
+  #   behaves like {Regexp alternation}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Alternation]:
+  #
+  #     Dir.glob('{LEGAL,BSDL}') # => ["LEGAL", "BSDL"]
+  #
+  #   More than two alternatives may be given.
+  #
+  # - <tt>\\</tt>: Escapes the following metacharacter.
+  #
+  #   Note that on Windows, the backslash character may not be used
+  #   in a string pattern:
+  #   <tt>Dir['c:\\foo*']</tt> will not work, use <tt>Dir['c:/foo*']</tt> instead.
+  #
+  # More examples (using the {simple file tree}[rdoc-ref:Dir@About+the+Examples]):
+  #
+  #   # We're in the example directory.
+  #   File.basename(Dir.pwd) # => "example"
+  #   Dir.glob('config.?')              # => ["config.h"]
+  #   Dir.glob('*.[a-z][a-z]')          # => ["main.rb"]
+  #   Dir.glob('*.[^r]*')               # => ["config.h"]
+  #   Dir.glob('*.{rb,h}')              # => ["main.rb", "config.h"]
+  #   Dir.glob('*')                     # => ["config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
+  #   Dir.glob('*', File::FNM_DOTMATCH) # => [".", "config.h", "lib", "main.rb"]
+  #   Dir.glob(["*.rb", "*.h"])         # => ["main.rb", "config.h"]
+  #
+  #   Dir.glob('**/*.rb')
+  #   => ["lib/song/karaoke.rb", "lib/song.rb", "main.rb"]
+  #
+  #   Dir.glob('**/*.rb', base: 'lib')  #   => ["song/karaoke.rb", "song.rb"]
+  #
+  #   Dir.glob('**/lib')                # => ["lib"]
+  #
+  #   Dir.glob('**/lib/**/*.rb')        # => ["lib/song/karaoke.rb", "lib/song.rb"]
+  #
+  #   Dir.glob('**/lib/*.rb')           # => ["lib/song.rb"]
+  #
+  # <b>Flags</b>
+  #
+  # If optional keyword argument +flags+ is given (the default is zero -- no flags),
+  # its value should be the bitwise OR of one or more of the constants
+  # defined in module File::Constants.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #   flags = File::FNM_EXTGLOB | File::FNM_DOTMATCH
+  #
+  # Specifying flags can extend, restrict, or otherwise modify the matching.
+  #
+  # The flags for this method (other constants in File::Constants do not apply):
+  #
+  # - File::FNM_DOTMATCH:
+  #   specifies that entry names beginning with <tt>'.'</tt>
+  #   should be considered for matching:
+  #
+  #     Dir.glob('*').take(5)
+  #     # => ["BSDL", "CONTRIBUTING.md", "COPYING", "COPYING.ja", "GPL"]
+  #     Dir.glob('*', flags: File::FNM_DOTMATCH).take(5)
+  #     # => [".", ".appveyor.yml", ".cirrus.yml", ".dir-locals.el", ".document"]
   #
-  #    Dir["config.?"]                     #=> ["config.h"]
-  #    Dir.glob("config.?")                #=> ["config.h"]
-  #    Dir.glob("*.[a-z][a-z]")            #=> ["main.rb"]
-  #    Dir.glob("*.[^r]*")                 #=> ["config.h"]
-  #    Dir.glob("*.{rb,h}")                #=> ["main.rb", "config.h"]
-  #    Dir.glob("*")                       #=> ["config.h", "main.rb"]
-  #    Dir.glob("*", File::FNM_DOTMATCH)   #=> [".", "config.h", "main.rb"]
-  #    Dir.glob(["*.rb", "*.h"])           #=> ["main.rb", "config.h"]
+  # - File::FNM_EXTGLOB:
+  #   enables the pattern extension
+  #   <tt>'{_a_,_b_}'</tt>, which matches pattern _a_ and pattern _b_;
+  #   behaves like a
+  #   {regexp union}[rdoc-ref:Regexp.union]
+  #   (e.g., <tt>'(?:_a_|_b_)'</tt>):
   #
-  #    Dir.glob("**/*.rb")                 #=> ["main.rb",
-  #                                        #    "lib/song.rb",
-  #                                        #    "lib/song/karaoke.rb"]
+  #     pattern = '{LEGAL,BSDL}'
+  #     Dir.glob(pattern)      # => ["LEGAL", "BSDL"]
   #
-  #    Dir.glob("**/*.rb", base: "lib")    #=> ["song.rb",
-  #                                        #    "song/karaoke.rb"]
+  # - File::FNM_NOESCAPE:
+  #   specifies that escaping with the backslash character <tt>'\'</tt>
+  #   is disabled; the character is not an escape character.
   #
-  #    Dir.glob("**/lib")                  #=> ["lib"]
+  # - File::FNM_PATHNAME:
+  #   specifies that metacharacters <tt>'*'</tt> and <tt>'?'</tt>
+  #   do not match directory separators.
   #
-  #    Dir.glob("**/lib/**/*.rb")          #=> ["lib/song.rb",
-  #                                        #    "lib/song/karaoke.rb"]
+  # - File::FNM_SHORTNAME:
+  #   specifies that patterns may match short names if they exist; Windows only.
   #
-  #    Dir.glob("**/lib/*.rb")             #=> ["lib/song.rb"]
   def self.glob(pattern, _flags = 0, flags: _flags, base: nil, sort: true)
     Primitive.dir_s_glob(pattern, flags, base, sort)
   end
diff --git a/dln.c b/dln.c
index b14ba63c44..b4c2fb9423 100644
--- a/dln.c
+++ b/dln.c
@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ static void dln_loaderror(const char *format, ...);
 # include <strings.h>
 #endif
 
+#if defined __APPLE__
+# include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
+#endif
+
 #ifndef xmalloc
 void *xmalloc();
 void *xcalloc();
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ void *xrealloc();
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 
 #ifndef S_ISDIR
-#   define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
+# define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
@@ -268,13 +272,15 @@ rb_w32_check_imported(HMODULE ext, HMODULE mine)
 static bool
 dln_incompatible_func(void *handle, const char *funcname, void *const fp, const char **libname)
 {
-    Dl_info dli;
     void *ex = dlsym(handle, funcname);
     if (!ex) return false;
     if (ex == fp) return false;
+#  if defined(HAVE_DLADDR)
+    Dl_info dli;
     if (dladdr(ex, &dli)) {
         *libname = dli.dli_fname;
     }
+#  endif
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -298,15 +304,15 @@ COMPILER_WARNING_POP
 /* assume others than old Mac OS X have no problem */
 # define dln_disable_dlclose() false
 
-#elif MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_11
-/* targeting newer versions only */
-# define dln_disable_dlclose() false
-
 #elif !defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_11) || \
     (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_11)
 /* targeting older versions only */
 # define dln_disable_dlclose() true
 
+#elif MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_11
+/* targeting newer versions only */
+# define dln_disable_dlclose() false
+
 #else
 /* support both versions, and check at runtime */
 # include <sys/sysctl.h>
@@ -388,6 +394,12 @@ dln_open(const char *file)
                 dln_fatalerror("%s - %s", incompatible, file);
             }
             else {
+                if (libruby_name) {
+                    const size_t len = strlen(libruby_name);
+                    char *const tmp = ALLOCA_N(char, len + 1);
+                    if (tmp) memcpy(tmp, libruby_name, len + 1);
+                    libruby_name = tmp;
+                }
                 dlclose(handle);
                 if (libruby_name) {
                     dln_loaderror("linked to incompatible %s - %s", libruby_name, file);
@@ -409,34 +421,64 @@ dln_open(const char *file)
 static void *
 dln_sym(void *handle, const char *symbol)
 {
-    void *func;
-    const char *error;
-
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-    char message[1024];
+    return GetProcAddress(handle, symbol);
+#elif defined(USE_DLN_DLOPEN)
+    return dlsym(handle, symbol);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void *
+dln_sym_func(void *handle, const char *symbol)
+{
+    void *func = dln_sym(handle, symbol);
 
-    func = GetProcAddress(handle, symbol);
     if (func == NULL) {
+        const char *error;
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        char message[1024];
         error = dln_strerror();
-        goto failed;
-    }
-
 #elif defined(USE_DLN_DLOPEN)
-    func = dlsym(handle, symbol);
-    if (func == NULL) {
         const size_t errlen = strlen(error = dln_strerror()) + 1;
         error = memcpy(ALLOCA_N(char, errlen), error, errlen);
-        goto failed;
-    }
 #endif
-
+        dln_loaderror("%s - %s", error, symbol);
+    }
     return func;
-
-  failed:
-    dln_loaderror("%s - %s", error, symbol);
 }
+
+#define dln_sym_callable(rettype, argtype, handle, symbol) \
+    (*(rettype (*)argtype)dln_sym_func(handle, symbol))
 #endif
 
+void *
+dln_symbol(void *handle, const char *symbol)
+{
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(USE_DLN_DLOPEN)
+    if (EXTERNAL_PREFIX[0]) {
+        const size_t symlen = strlen(symbol);
+        char *const tmp = ALLOCA_N(char, symlen + sizeof(EXTERNAL_PREFIX));
+        if (!tmp) dln_memerror();
+        memcpy(tmp, EXTERNAL_PREFIX, sizeof(EXTERNAL_PREFIX) - 1);
+        memcpy(tmp + sizeof(EXTERNAL_PREFIX) - 1, symbol, symlen + 1);
+        symbol = tmp;
+    }
+    if (handle == NULL) {
+# if defined(USE_DLN_DLOPEN)
+        handle = dlopen(NULL, RTLD_LAZY | RTLD_GLOBAL);
+# elif defined(_WIN32)
+        handle = rb_libruby_handle();
+# else
+        return NULL;
+# endif
+    }
+    return dln_sym(handle, symbol);
+#else
+    return NULL;
+#endif
+}
+
+
 #if defined(RUBY_DLN_CHECK_ABI) && defined(USE_DLN_DLOPEN)
 static bool
 abi_check_enabled_p(void)
@@ -453,8 +495,9 @@ dln_load(const char *file)
     void *handle = dln_open(file);
 
 #ifdef RUBY_DLN_CHECK_ABI
-    unsigned long long (*abi_version_fct)(void) = (unsigned long long(*)(void))dln_sym(handle, "ruby_abi_version");
-    unsigned long long binary_abi_version = (*abi_version_fct)();
+    typedef unsigned long long abi_version_number;
+    abi_version_number binary_abi_version =
+        dln_sym_callable(abi_version_number, (void), handle, EXTERNAL_PREFIX "ruby_abi_version")();
     if (binary_abi_version != ruby_abi_version() && abi_check_enabled_p()) {
         dln_loaderror("incompatible ABI version of binary - %s", file);
     }
@@ -462,10 +505,9 @@ dln_load(const char *file)
 
     char *init_fct_name;
     init_funcname(&init_fct_name, file);
-    void (*init_fct)(void) = (void(*)(void))dln_sym(handle, init_fct_name);
 
     /* Call the init code */
-    (*init_fct)();
+    dln_sym_callable(void, (void), handle, init_fct_name)();
 
     return handle;
 
diff --git a/dln.h b/dln.h
index 902f753450..d624bb6611 100644
--- a/dln.h
+++ b/dln.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 char *dln_find_exe_r(const char*,const char*,char*,size_t DLN_FIND_EXTRA_ARG_DECL);
 char *dln_find_file_r(const char*,const char*,char*,size_t DLN_FIND_EXTRA_ARG_DECL);
 void *dln_load(const char*);
+void *dln_symbol(void*,const char*);
 
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
diff --git a/dln_find.c b/dln_find.c
index 5d380f5d39..91c51394a9 100644
--- a/dln_find.c
+++ b/dln_find.c
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ dln_find_exe_r(const char *fname, const char *path, char *buf, size_t size
             ".";
     }
     buf = dln_find_1(fname, path, buf, size, 1 DLN_FIND_EXTRA_ARG);
-    if (envpath) free(envpath);
+    free(envpath);
     return buf;
 }
 
diff --git a/dmydln.c b/dmydln.c
index d05cda0b8e..b1516937d3 100644
--- a/dmydln.c
+++ b/dmydln.c
@@ -8,3 +8,12 @@ dln_load(const char *file)
 
     UNREACHABLE_RETURN(NULL);
 }
+
+NORETURN(void *dln_symbol(void*,const char*));
+void*
+dln_symbol(void *handle, const char *symbol)
+{
+    rb_loaderror("this executable file can't load extension libraries");
+
+    UNREACHABLE_RETURN(NULL);
+}
diff --git a/doc/.document b/doc/.document
index 5ef2d99651..5a58e6e3ad 100644
--- a/doc/.document
+++ b/doc/.document
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 *.md
 *.rb
-*.rdoc
+[^_]*.rdoc
 contributing
 NEWS
 syntax
 optparse
 rdoc
+regexp
+rjit
+yjit
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-2.3.0 b/doc/ChangeLog-2.3.0
deleted file mode 100644
index 629fd9c4ec..0000000000
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-2.3.0
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12188 +0,0 @@
-Thu Dec 24 23:01:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* NEWS: added entry for CGI.escapeHTML optimization.
-
-Thu Dec 24 18:43:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_compile_error_with_enc, rb_compile_error),
-	  (rb_compile_bug): deprecate internal functions.
-
-	* parse.y (parser_yyerror): construct exception message with
-	  source code and caret.
-
-Thu Dec 24 17:25:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (append_compile_error), parse.y (compile_error):
-	  preserve encoding of source file name in exceptions.
-
-	* error.c (rb_compile_error_str, rb_compile_bug_str): add.
-
-Thu Dec 24 16:17:47 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk (fake.rb): $(arch)-fake.rb must depend on miniruby because
-	  it may depend on miniruby.
-
-Thu Dec 24 16:13:05 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk (ripper.c): r50045 wrongly replace $(PWD) with ../..
-	  It is the top of build directory, not topsrcdir.
-
-Thu Dec 24 15:02:42 2015  sorah (Shota Fukumori)  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): Refactor. Avoid assigning in condition.
-
-Thu Dec 24 15:01:38 2015  sorah (Shota Fukumori)  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* tool/file2lastrev.rb: Fix ArgumentError to work on Ruby 1.8.7.
-
-Thu Dec 24 14:44:08 2015  sorah (Shota Fukumori)  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): Enable on Ruby 1.9 where chdir option is not
-	  supported on IO.popen
-
-	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): Fix NoMethodError. I guess r49705 was not
-	  tested... :/
-
-Thu Dec 24 14:57:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* NEWS: rename
-	  "Implementation changes" section to
-	  "Supported platform changes" section.
-
-	* NEWS: add "Implementation improvements" and add several entries.
-
-	* NEWS: add NEWS entries by Eric Wong. [ruby-core:72450]
-
-Thu Dec 24 00:26:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/console/extconf.rb: fix gem build failure on Windows.
-	  only win32_vk.inc is included in the gem and no dependencies for
-	  the header, so that gperf will not be mandatory.
-	  [ruby-core:72453] [Bug #11866]
-
-	* ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec: include depend file and
-	  win32_vk header.
-
-Wed Dec 23 23:58:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_readwrite_syserr_fail): works with the given errno than
-	  thread local errno.
-
-Wed Dec 23 17:57:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c, io.c, util.c: prefer rb_syserr_fail with saved errno
-	  over setting errno then call rb_sys_fail, not to be clobbered
-	  potentially and to reduce thread local errno accesses.
-
-Wed Dec 23 11:58:52 2015  Yuichiro Kaneko  <yui-knk@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c: Fix document. Default value of the first
-	  argument of `String#split` is not `$;` but `nil`.
-	  When `nil` is passed as first argument, `$;` is used.
-	  [ci skip] [Bug #11729] [ruby-dev:49378]
-
-Wed Dec 23 07:15:17 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_init_sock): reject reserved FDs
-	  [ruby-core:72445] [Bug #11862]
-
-Wed Dec 23 02:59:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__): necessary to use memset_s
-	  in strict C99 mode.
-
-Wed Dec 23 02:34:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regexec.c (match_at): move direct threaded VM code to get rid of
-	  mixed declarations and code, and enable it only for gcc since it
-	  depends on a gcc extension.
-
-Wed Dec 23 02:23:19 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0
-
-	* NEWS: Add news about the did_you_mean gem
-
-Wed Dec 23 02:18:57 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/contributing.rdoc: [DOC] remove an extra word "here".
-	  [Fix GH-1169]
-
-Wed Dec 23 01:58:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regexec.c (USE_DIRECT_THREADED_VM): enable direct threaded VM by
-	  the default.
-
-Tue Dec 22 22:15:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (internal_object_p): should not expose singleton classes
-	  without a metaclass.  based on patches by ko1 and shugo.
-	  [Bug #11740]
-
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class_object_p): added.
-
-Tue Dec 22 22:15:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec: bump up to 0.4.4.
-
-Tue Dec 22 22:11:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* NEWS: Added news entry of Psych 2.0.17
-
-Tue Dec 22 22:09:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* NEWS: Added news entry of RDoc 4.2.1
-
-Tue Dec 22 21:20:00 2015  Kenta Murata  <mrkn@mrkn.jp>
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec: bump version to 1.2.8.
-
-Tue Dec 22 21:08:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rdoc.rb: bump version to 4.2.1. It contains following fixes.
-	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/340
-	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/341
-	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/367
-	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/368
-	* lib/rdoc/*: ditto.
-	* test/rdoc/*: ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 22 20:25:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version to 2.0.17
-	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 22 20:14:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: move vm_callee_setup_block_arg() (and related
-	  functions) to the latter location.
-	  This moving recovers performance a little.
-	  [Bug #11829]
-
-Tue Dec 22 15:21:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (str_compat_and_valid): as scrub does nothing for dummy
-	  encoding string now, incompatible encoding is not a matter.
-
-Tue Dec 22 14:31:28 2015  Toru Iwase  <tietew@tietew.net>
-
-	* ext/cgi/escape/escape.c (optimized_escape_html): CGI.escapeHTML
-	  should return unfrozen new string.
-	  [ruby-core:72426] [Bug #11858]
-
-Tue Dec 22 05:39:58 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <takashikkbn@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/cgi/escape/escape.c (preserve_original_state): Preserve
-	  original state for tainted and frozen.  [Fix GH-1166]
-	  [ruby-dev:49451] [Bug #11855]
-
-Tue Dec 22 03:57:20 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_init_sock): check FD after validating
-	* test/socket/test_basicsocket.rb (test_for_fd): new
-	  [ruby-core:72418] [Bug #11854]
-
-Mon Dec 21 21:29:45 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* variable.c (struct ivar_update): rename "extended" to "iv_extended"
-	  to avoid name conflict with /usr/include/floatingpoint.h on
-	  Solaris. [Bug #11853] [ruby-dev:49448]
-
-Mon Dec 21 12:15:32 2015  Kimura Wataru  <kimuraw@i.nifty.jp>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: handled rlimit value same as r52277
-	  [Bug #11852][ruby-dev:49446]
-
-Mon Dec 21 10:21:22 2015  Ilya Vassilevsky <vassilevsky@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (open_timeout): update default value in RDoc
-	  [ruby-core:72413]
-
-Mon Dec 21 10:18:46 2015  Kazuki Yamaguchi  <k@rhe.jp>
-
-	* vm_backtrace.c (rb_profile_frames): ignore ifunc frames as it
-	  did before.  [ruby-core:72409] [Bug #11851]
-
-Mon Dec 21 09:33:17 2015  Karol Bucek  <kares@users.noreply.github.com>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket): fix
-	  NotImplementedError typo.  [Fix GH-1165]
-
-Sun Dec 20 20:54:51 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <takashikkbn@gmail.com>
-
-	* cgi/escape/escape.c: Optimize CGI.escapeHTML for
-	  ASCII-compatible encodings.  [Fix GH-1164]
-
-Sun Dec 20 15:36:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/erb.rb: revert r53123. It breaks compatibility like thor and
-	  rspec-rails.
-	  We should try with Ruby 2.4 or 3.0.
-	  [Bug #11842][ruby-core:72374]
-	* lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb: ditto.
-	* template/verconf.h.tmpl: ditto.
-
-Sun Dec 20 11:43:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_yylex): allow here documents in labeled
-	  argument.  [ruby-core:72396] [Bug #11849]
-
-Sun Dec 20 11:14:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): should check Symbol or not.
-	  [Bug #11850]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test.
-
-Sun Dec 20 11:01:57 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): fix notation.
-
-Sun Dec 20 10:54:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_new): fix notation.
-
-Sun Dec 20 00:29:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_proc_get_iseq): proc made from symbol does not have
-	  iseq.  fix infinite loop.  [ruby-core:72381] [Bug #11845]
-
-Sat Dec 19 20:06:10 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* enc/windows_1250.c: Should not use C++ style comments (C99 feature).
-	  [Bug #11843]
-
-Sat Dec 19 17:17:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#initialize):
-	  use WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler::Thread, which is ignored by
-	  LeakChecker#find_threads, instead of ::Thread to get rid of
-	  thread leak checker.  since this TimeoutHandler is resident
-	  during tests because of Singleton, it waits for the next timeout
-	  if it has any schedules.  in the case of nested timeouts, inner
-	  timeout does not cancel outer timeouts and then those schedules
-	  still remain.
-
-Sat Dec 19 14:28:01 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/zlib/zlib.c (Init_zlib): [DOC] Fix double-word typo and
-	  grammatical error.  [Fix GH-1162]
-
-Sat Dec 19 14:23:59 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/csv.rb (CSV#initialize): [DOC] Fix double-word typo.
-	  [Fix GH-1161]
-
-Sat Dec 19 10:33:33 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* enc/iso_8859_2.c, enc/windows_1250.c: separate Windows-1250
-	  from ISO-8859-2 to fix 0x80..0x9e range (from Kimihito Matsui)
-
-Fri Dec 18 21:26:54 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler): To prevent
-	  potential deadlocks, Queue is used to tell update of @timeout_info
-	  instead of sleep and wakeup. [Bug #11742] [ruby-dev:49387]
-
-Fri Dec 18 17:24:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (ibf_load_object_string): use fstring if frozen string.
-
-Fri Dec 18 16:54:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_set_encoding): add StringIO's own
-	  encoding and separate it from the buffer string to override the
-	  encoding of string when reading.  [ruby-core:72189] [Bug #11827]
-	  note that setting the encoding of its buffer string directly
-	  without StringIO#set_encoding may cause unpredictable behavior.
-
-Fri Dec 18 16:50:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (ibf_load_setup): check tainted string argument.
-
-Fri Dec 18 16:12:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: define USE_LAZY_LOAD if it is not defined.
-
-Fri Dec 18 15:40:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_unget_bytes): extract from
-	  strio_ungetbyte to share with strio_ungetc.
-
-Fri Dec 18 12:39:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/*.rdoc: separated modifier at sentence.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1121] Patch by @clandry94
-
-Fri Dec 18 12:09:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_ungetbyte): pad with \000 when
-	  the current position is after the end.
-
-Fri Dec 18 11:24:48 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_make, check_override_opt_method):
-	  should check whether a newly created method overrides an optimize
-	  method in case the method is defined in a prepended module of a
-	  built-in class.
-	  [ruby-core:72226] [Bug #11836]
-
-Fri Dec 18 11:09:38 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_exec): call RUBY_DTRACE_CMETHOD_RETURN_HOOK instead of
-	  RUBY_DTRACE_METHOD_RETURN_HOOK.
-
-Fri Dec 18 10:24:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb: fixed parse error for striped heredocument syntax.
-	  [fix GH-1127] Patch by @koic
-
-Fri Dec 18 09:44:47 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c: fix double words typo.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1157] Patch by @jwworth
-
-Fri Dec 18 09:42:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/utf8tbl.c: fix a typo.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1159] Patch by @akshay-vishnoi
-	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/utf8tbl.h: ditto.
-
-Fri Dec 18 07:39:01 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm.c (rb_vm_check_redefinition_opt_method): should check the real
-	  class instead of the origin iclass.
-	  [ruby-core:72188] [Bug #11826]
-
-Thu Dec 17 22:13:10 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_args.c (vm_caller_setup_arg_block): remove code for ifunc
-	  because it was made unnecessary by r52138.
-
-Thu Dec 17 16:13:10 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_block_arity): should not call GetProcPtr() for symbols.
-	  [ruby-core:72205] [Bug #11830]
-
-Thu Dec 17 14:16:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_scrub): the result should be infected by the
-	  original string.
-
-Thu Dec 17 13:35:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* transcode.c (rb_econv_substr_append, econv_primitive_convert):
-	  the result should be infected by the original string.
-
-Thu Dec 17 09:46:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (reg_names_iter): should consider encoding of regexp.
-	  [ruby-core:72185] [Bug #11825]
-
-Thu Dec 17 03:52:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): should not compare with Qfalse and FALSE.
-	  Pointed at http://d.hatena.ne.jp/nagachika/20151216/ruby_trunk_changes_53128_53163
-
-Thu Dec 17 03:15:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method_each_type): should not set fastpath
-	  with keyword arguments for VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET type methods.
-
-	  Normally, we can not use keyword arguments for this kind of methods,
-	  (obj.foo = 1), but we can set alias names for them.
-	  [Bug #11657]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_keyword.rb: add a test for this fix.
-
-Wed Dec 16 20:32:43 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/handle.c: check tainted string arguments.
-	  Patch provided by tenderlove and nobu.
-
-	* test/fiddle/test_handle.rb (class TestHandle): add test for above.
-
-
-Wed Dec 16 19:30:56 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_make_proc_from_block): should convert a Symbol to a Proc.
-	  [ruby-core:72083] [Bug #11811]
-
-Wed Dec 16 16:17:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: fix spelling errors
-
-Wed Dec 16 16:04:49 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* NEWS: note IO#advise change [ruby-core:72168]
-
-Wed Dec 16 15:35:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c: fix mark miss for proc given as passed block.
-	  [Bug #11750]
-
-	* vm.c (vm_make_proc_from_block): should return a Proc object
-	  if block is given. Previous implementation returns
-	  a Proc object only when corresponding Proc object is not
-	  available.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_proc.rb: add a test for this bug.
-
-Wed Dec 16 12:24:59 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* test_struct.rb: Test that initialize is overridable [#11708]
-
-Wed Dec 16 10:49:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (block_command, block_call): fix `&.` calls after
-	  block_call.  [Feature #11537]
-
-Wed Dec 16 00:53:45 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler): Acquire
-	  TimeoutMutex only when accessing @timeout_info for avoiding
-	  potential deadlock. [Bug #11742] [ruby-dev:49387]
-
-Wed Dec 16 00:39:27 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/extension.rdoc: [DOC] fix double-word typo.  [Fix GH-1153]
-
-Wed Dec 16 00:25:41 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#initialize):
-	  TimeoutMutex should be acquired when accessing @timeout_info.
-	  To avoid deadlock, interrupt() calls are delayed.
-	  Due to the mutex, it is safe to treat ary without ary.dup.
-	  [Bug #11742] [ruby-dev:49387]
-
-Tue Dec 15 23:13:10 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* gc.c: Delete excess semicolon after RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION().
-	  Suppress "syntax error:  empty declaration" warnings by
-	  Oracle Solaris Studio 12.x on Solaris. [Bug #11821]
-
-	* hash.c: ditto, after NOINSERT_UPDATE_CALLBACK().
-
-Tue Dec 15 18:04:04 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* NEWS: added news about EBCDIC encoding
-
-Tue Dec 15 17:57:57 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* enc/ebcdic.h, enc/trans/ebcdic.trans,
-	  test/ruby/test_transcode.rb: Fixed encoding name
-	  to the correct one in the IANA registry (IBM037)
-	  and added an alias (ebcdic-cp-us)
-
-Tue Dec 15 16:19:26 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <takashikkbn@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/erb.rb: Render erb with array buffer for function call optimization.
-	  [fix GH-1143]
-	* lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb: ditto.
-	* template/verconf.h.tmpl: ditto.
-
-Tue Dec 15 13:50:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_oct): [DOC] mention radix indicators.
-	  [ruby-core:71310] [Bug #11648]
-
-Tue Dec 15 12:20:30 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <takashikkbn@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/erb.rb: Simplify regexp to optimize erb scanner.
-	  [fix GH-1144]
-
-Tue Dec 15 11:56:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/uri/common.rb: make code block for rdoc.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1152] Patch by @Tonkpils
-
-Tue Dec 15 11:55:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/zlib/zlib.c: fix a typo.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1149] Patch by @crismali
-
-Tue Dec 15 09:14:14 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* tool/transcode_tablegen.rb: detailed documentation
-	  for transcode_tblgen function [ci skip]
-
-Mon Dec 14 22:11:11 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* enc/ebcdic.h: new dummy encoding EBCDIC-US
-	* enc/trans/ebcdic.trans: transcodings between EBCDIC-US
-	  and iso-8859-1 [with code from Andrea Ribuoli]
-	* test/ruby/test_transcode.rb: tests for above
-	* tool/transcode_tablegen.rb: additional argument for
-	  method transcode_tblgen
-
-Mon Dec 14 17:04:14 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb: use safe navigation operator.
-	  [fix GH-1142] Patch by @mlarraz
-	* lib/drb/extservm.rb: ditto.
-	* lib/net/http.rb: ditto.
-	* lib/net/http/response.rb: ditto.
-	* lib/scanf.rb: ditto.
-	* lib/uri/generic.rb: ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 14 17:03:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bootstraptest/runner.rb: use safe navigation operator.
-	  [fix GH-1142] Patch by @mlarraz
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: ditto.
-	* test/ruby/test_econv.rb: ditto.
-	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: ditto.
-	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 14 14:33:35 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/xmlrpc.rb: added documentation for parser details.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1124] Patch by @jrafanie
-
-Mon Dec 14 11:46:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c: fix a typo in documentation.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
-	* io.c: ditto.
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-	* numeric.c: ditto.
-	* process.c: ditto.
-	* string.c: ditto.
-	* vm_trace.c: ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 14 11:41:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi.rb: fix a typo in documentation.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
-
-Mon Dec 14 11:31:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c: fix typos.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
-	* dir.c: ditto.
-	* gc.c: ditto.
-	* io.c: ditto.
-	* node.h: ditto.
-	* thread_pthread.c: ditto.
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-	* vsnprintf.c: ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 14 11:27:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enc/iso_2022_jp.h: fix typos.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
-	* enc/utf_16_32.h: ditto.
-	* enc/utf_7.h: ditto.
-
-Mon Dec 14 11:25:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_app_aobench.rb: fix typos.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
-	* benchmark/bm_vm_thread_pipe.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Dec 13 23:46:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (trace_lex_state): trace lex_state changes if yydebug is
-	  set, and send the messages to rb_stdout.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_parser_printf): store YYPRINTF messages per lines
-	  so that lex_state traces do not mix.
-
-	* tool/ytab.sed: add parser argument to yy_stack_print too.
-
-Sun Dec 13 20:41:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (build_lex_state_name, trace_lex_state): lex_state is
-	  now bit flags and can be set 2 bits or more.
-
-Sun Dec 13 20:26:30 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_syntax.rb: fix typo in test
-
-Sun Dec 13 20:12:14 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_percent): Allow %-literals in labeled arg as
-	  r51624 did for parentheses.
-	  Fixes [ruby-core:72084] [Bug #11812].
-
-Sun Dec 13 20:02:15 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: fix a typo
-
-Sun Dec 13 19:54:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/envutil.rb: move envutil's assertions under Test::Unit::Assertion.
-	* test/lib/test/unit/assertions.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Dec 13 19:24:20 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
-
-	* parse.y (lex_state_name): Make it return the correct names.
-	  Add new names to follow r51617; Indices ffs(2) returns are 1-origin.
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:40:45 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
-
-	* parse.y: debug output of lex_state transition if PARSER_DEBUG
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:49:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (parse_mode_enc): preserve encoding of mode string in
-	  warnings.
-
-	* io.c (io_encname_bom_p): check BOM prefix only, not including
-	  UTF prefix.
-
-	* io.c (parse_mode_enc): warn BOM with non-UTF encoding.
-
-	* io.c (parse_mode_enc): fix buffer overflow.
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:35:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/function.c (initialize): check all arguments first.
-	  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
-
-	* ext/fiddle/conversions.h (PTR2NUM): use signed integer to make
-	  Fixnum for negative values.
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:33:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_pack): always check index range against the
-	  receiver array length, which can be shortened by elements
-	  conversion.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:28:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/psych_emitter.c (start_document): should not exceed
-	  tags array range.
-
-	* ext/psych/psych_emitter.c (start_document): ensure string before
-	  encoding conversion.
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:26:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (tk_hash_kv): check types of array
-	  argument.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
-
-	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (cbsubst_table_setup): check length of
-	  argument arrays for each access, as callback methods can modify
-	  them.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
-
-	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (cbsubst_table_setup): check types of
-	  argument elements.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco
-	  Talos.
-
-Sun Dec 13 18:19:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (ole_vstr2wc): check argument type, vstr
-	  must be a String here.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of
-	  Cisco Talos.
-
-Sun Dec 13 16:41:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (BOOTSTRAPRUBY): make BASERUBY full path before
-	  building ruby to get rid of unexpectedly invoking built ruby.
-	  [ruby-core:72065] [Bug #11807]
-
-	* configure.in (BOOTSTRAPRUBY): use MINIRUBY but not BASERUBY
-	  unless cross compiling.  [ruby-core:72065] [Bug #11807]
-
-Sun Dec 13 14:17:19 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* test/test_shellwords.rb (TestShellwords): Add many more tests
-	  for handling whitespace characters and frozenness.
-
-Sun Dec 13 14:16:09 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/shellwords.rb (Shellwords#shellsplit): Document that this
-	  method does not treat shell metacharacters as such.
-
-Sun Dec 13 12:17:43 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/shellwords.rb (shellescape): duplicate frozen literal
-	* test/test_shellwords.rb (test_stringification): new test
-
-Sun Dec 13 11:47:35 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_inspect): check the default internal encoding as
-	  String#inspect do.
-	  [ruby-dev:49415] [Bug #11787]
-
-Sun Dec 13 11:38:12 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/shellwords.rb: Turn on frozen-string-literal after fixing
-	  shellsplit.
-
-Sun Dec 13 10:44:44 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* KNOWNBUGS.rb: Fixed typo, made more explicit [ci skip]
-
-Sun Dec 13 10:26:47 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ssl_npn_select_cb_common): fix parsing
-	  protocol list.
-	  The protocol list from OpenSSL is not null-terminated.
-	  patched by Kazuki Yamaguchi [Bug #11810] [ruby-core:72082]
-
-Sun Dec 13 06:40:30 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/ostruct.rb: Have OpenStruct#dig raise if argument is not a
-	  symbol
-	  nor a string. See [#11762]
-
-Sun Dec 13 00:05:42 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method_missing): method_missing should
-	  not be refined.
-	  [ruby-core:72080] [Bug #11809]
-
-Sat Dec 12 23:00:17 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/nkf.c: Merge nkf 2.1.4.
-
-Sat Dec 12 18:52:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): raise TypeError if an element does not
-	  have #dig method.  [ruby-core:71798] [Bug #11762]
-
-Sat Dec 12 17:59:07 2015  Yuichiro Kaneko  <yui-knk@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_regexp.rb: Add test cases for `$KCODE` and `$=` warning
-	  [Misc #11770][ruby-dev:49398]
-
-Sat Dec 12 17:11:57 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/NEWS-0.2.2: add description about incompatible change in Hash
-	  duplicated key overriding policy. [Bug #10315] [Bug #11501]
-
-Sat Dec 12 07:44:38 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* io.c (do_io_advise): do not raise on ENOSYS
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb (test_advise): do not skip on Errno::ENOSYS
-	  (test_advise_pipe): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:72066] [Feature #11806]
-
-Sat Dec 12 07:05:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enc/windows_1252.c: separate from ISO-8859-1 to fix 0x80..0x9e
-	  range.  [ruby-core:64049] [Bug #10097]
-
-Fri Dec 11 23:33:40 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sample/trick2015/: added the award-winning entries of TRICK 2015.
-	  See https://github.com/tric/trick2015 for the contest outline.
-
-Fri Dec 11 17:59:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* insns.def (opt_case_dispatch): avoid converting Infinity
-	* test/ruby/test_optimization.rb (test_opt_case_dispatch_inf): new
-	  [ruby-dev:49423] [Bug #11804]'
-
-Fri Dec 11 16:48:57 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_num_hash_start): avoid pathological behavior
-	  [ruby-core:72028] [Feature #11405]
-
-Fri Dec 11 11:58:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* NEWS: Mentioned rubygems-2.5.1
-
-Fri Dec 11 11:52:39 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.1
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Fri Dec 11 11:38:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each, ibf_load_object_hash): rehash
-	  case-dispatch hash to reduce collisions.
-	  http://d.hatena.ne.jp/ku-ma-me/20151210
-
-Fri Dec 11 03:44:43 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_inspect): dump inspected result with rb_str_escape()
-	  instead of raising Encoding::CompatibilityError. [Feature #11801]
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_escape): added to dump given string like
-	  rb_str_inspect without quotes and always dump in US-ASCII
-	  like rb_str_dump.
-
-Thu Dec 10 14:59:59 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_gc.rb (test_expand_heap): relax condition (1->2).
-
-Thu Dec 10 14:15:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* cont.c: fix a double word typo.
-	  [Bug #11313][ruby-core:69749]
-
-Thu Dec 10 14:13:34 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tk/lib/multi-tk.rb: fix typos.
-	  [Bug #11764][ruby-core:71800]
-
-Thu Dec 10 11:33:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): reduce needless rb_str_dup
-	  [ruby-core:72018] <5668DB6E.8000101@ruby-lang.org>
-
-Thu Dec 10 09:32:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb, lib/shellwords.rb: disable frozen-string-literal.
-	  [ruby-core:72011] [Bug #11800]
-
-Thu Dec 10 06:33:39 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (memsize_dump_arg): remove NULL check
-	  (memsize_load_arg): ditto
-
-Thu Dec 10 05:53:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/mkconfig.rb: rbconfig must not be frozen-string-literal to
-	  expand CONFIG hash.  [ruby-core:72006] [Bug #11798]
-
-Thu Dec 10 05:03:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ifaddr.c (ifaddr_mark): remove empty function
-	  (ifaddr_type): pass zero to rb_data_type_t.function.dmark
-
-Thu Dec 10 04:49:16 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* proc.c (bm_free): remove, use default free
-	  (method_data_type): use RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
-
-Thu Dec 10 02:01:41 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): do not add debug information
-	  without --debug or --debug=frozen-string-literal option
-	  because String#dup slows down with debug information.
-	  [Feature #11725]
-
-	* NEWS: apply about it.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: catch up this fix with refactoring.
-
-Thu Dec 10 00:06:56 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c: rename methods
-	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_binary_format -> #to_binary
-	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format -> .load_from_binary
-	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format_extra_data ->
-	                             .load_from_binary_extra_data
-
-	* iseq.c: fix document of iseq.to_binary.
-	  [Fix GH-1134]
-
-	* sample/iseq_loader.rb: catch up this change.
-
-	* test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb: ditto.
-
-Wed Dec  9 17:02:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regparse.h (SET_NTYPE): get rid of breaking strict aliasing.
-	  patch by Zarko Todorovski in [ruby-core:71953].  [Bug #11790]
-
-Wed Dec  9 16:10:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (rb_vm_cref_in_context): Module#define_method in non-class
-	  expression should be public.
-	  [Bug #11754]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test.
-
-Wed Dec  9 14:45:27 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_stacked_objects): fix typo.
-	  reported by XIE Zhibang. [Bug #11763]
-
-Wed Dec  9 14:37:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc: remove outdated description.
-
-Wed Dec  9 09:58:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/**/*.c (*_memsize): same as r52986 for extensions.
-
-Wed Dec  9 09:46:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* .gitignore: ignored ISeq binary format.
-
-Wed Dec  9 09:34:41 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* *.c (*_memsize): do not check ptr.
-	  NULL checking is finished Before call of memsize functions.
-	  See r52979.
-
-Wed Dec  9 09:25:29 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/net/smtp/test_response.rb: use Test::Unit. We should use Test::Unit
-	  without rubygems and rdoc.
-
-Wed Dec  9 06:26:23 2015  Colin Kelley <colindkelley@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/uri/generic.rb: enable frozen_string_literal
-	  (split_userinfo): remove explicit .freeze for string literals
-	  (check_path): ditto
-	  (query): ditto
-	  (fragment): ditto
-	  (to_s): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:71910] [Bug #11759]
-
-Wed Dec  9 06:25:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/uri/test_generic.rb (to_s): new test
-	  [ruby-core:71820]
-
-Wed Dec  9 02:18:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (ibf_dump_memsize): should check NULL.
-
-Wed Dec  9 01:46:35 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_init): now accepts new option parameter `encoding'.
-	  [Feature #11785]
-
-Wed Dec  9 00:52:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_wr, rb_stat_ww): call get_stat only once and
-	  reduce checking struct.  patch by Yuki Kurihara in
-	  [ruby-core:71949].  [Misc #11789]
-
-Wed Dec  9 00:24:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_ibf_dump): dump extra data just string length.
-
-	* sample/iseq_loader.rb: add using
-	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format_extra_data method
-	  (commented out).
-
-Mon Dec  9 00:21:19 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0.rc1
-
-Wed Dec  9 00:17:49 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (ibf_load_setup): cast to int.
-
-Wed Dec  9 00:13:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (ibf_setup_load): rename to ibf_load_setup().
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_load_setup): check binary format.
-
-Tue Dec  8 23:30:07 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/io/console/test_io_console.rb (run_pty): Avoid waiting twice
-	  for a process. Fix Errno::ECHILD in TestIO_Console#test_close and
-	  TestIO_Console#test_sync.
-
-Tue Dec  8 23:05:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_ibf_dump): fix for clang type checker.
-
-Tue Dec  8 23:04:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_s_load): fix mysterious bug.
-
-Tue Dec  8 22:31:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* introduce new ISeq binary format serializer/de-serializer
-	  and a pre-compilation/runtime loader sample.
-	  [Feature #11788]
-
-	* iseq.c: add new methods:
-	  * RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_binary_format(extra_data = nil)
-	  * RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format(binary)
-	  * RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format_extra_data(binary)
-
-	* compile.c: implement body of this new feature.
-
-	* load.c (rb_load_internal0), iseq.c (rb_iseq_load_iseq):
-	  call RubyVM::InstructionSequence.load_iseq(fname) with
-	  loading script name if this method is defined.
-
-	  We can return any ISeq object as a result value.
-	  Otherwise loading will be continue as usual.
-
-	  This interface is not matured and is not extensible.
-	  So that we don't guarantee the future compatibility of this method.
-	  Basically, you shouldn't use this method.
-
-	* iseq.h: move ISEQ_MAJOR/MINOR_VERSION (and some definitions)
-	  from iseq.c.
-
-	* encoding.c (rb_data_is_encoding), internal.h: added.
-
-	* vm_core.h: add several supports for lazy load.
-	  * add USE_LAZY_LOAD macro to specify enable or disable of
-	    this feature.
-	  * add several fields to rb_iseq_t.
-	  * introduce new macro rb_iseq_check().
-
-	* insns.def: some check for lazy loading feature.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* proc.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm.c: ditto.
-
-	* test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb: enabled iff suitable
-	  environment variables are provided.
-
-	* test/runner.rb: enable lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb.
-
-	* sample/iseq_loader.rb: add sample compiler and loader.
-
-	    $ ruby sample/iseq_loader.rb [dir]
-
-	  will compile all ruby scripts in [dir].
-	  With default setting, this compile creates *.rb.yarb files
-	  in same directory of target .rb scripts.
-
-	    $ ruby -r sample/iseq_loader.rb [app]
-
-	  will run with enable to load compiled binary data.
-
-Tue Dec  8 21:21:16 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* NEWS: mention about Enumerator::Lazy#grep_v.
-	  [ruby-core:71845] [Feature #11773]
-
-Tue Dec  8 17:36:36 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* string.c: removed unused variable
-
-Tue Dec  8 16:23:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enumerator.c (lazy_grep_v): add Enumerator::Lazy#grep_v as well
-	  as Enumerable, to enumerate lazily.
-	  [ruby-core:71845] [Feature #11773]
-
-Tue Dec  8 14:27:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (name_err_local_variables): new method
-	  NameError#local_variables for internal use only.
-	  [Feature #11777]
-
-Tue Dec  8 14:20:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_objivar): skip internal instance variables in
-	  T_OBJECT too.
-
-Tue Dec  8 12:58:04 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/io/console/test_io_console.rb (test_getpass): s.getpass
-	  should be tested. Narrow ensure block. This reverts r52911.
-	  [Bug #11780] [ruby-dev:49412]
-
-Tue Dec  8 10:40:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm2_case_lit.rb: new benchmark
-	* compile.c (case_when_optimizable_literal): add nil/true/false
-	* insns.def (opt_case_dispatch): ditto
-	* vm.c (vm_redefinition_check_flag): ditto
-	* vm.c (vm_init_redefined_flag): ditto
-	* vm_core.h: ditto
-	* object.c (InitVM_Object): define === explicitly for nil/true/false
-	* test/ruby/test_case.rb (test_deoptimize_nil): new test
-	* test/ruby/test_optimization.rb (test_opt_case_dispatch): update
-	  (test_eqq): new test
-	  [ruby-core:71923] [Feature #11769]
-	  Original patch by Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-Tue Dec  8 10:19:02 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb: fix double word typo in the document.
-	  [Misc #10608] [Fix GH-1126]
-
-Tue Dec  8 09:03:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/date/date_core.c (d_lite_lshift): should check the argument
-	  before negation.
-
-Tue Dec  8 08:56:16 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* insns.def (opt_case_dispatch): check Float#=== redefinition
-	* test/ruby/test_optimization.rb (test_opt_case_dispatch): new
-	  [ruby-core:71920] [Bug #11784]
-
-Tue Dec  8 03:56:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb: add iseq dumper/loader checker.
-	  If you enable this checker (remove `#' in test/runner.rb),
-	  you can see comparison results between an original iseq disassembed
-	  result and dumped and loaded iseq disassembed result.
-
-	  There are several bugs around there, because of inexact stack depth
-	  calculation. Now, I leave these bugs because they are not critical
-	  and difficult to solve completely.
-
-	* test/runner.rb: require test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb but
-	  disabled at default (commented out).
-
-Tue Dec  8 03:45:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* doc/extension.rdoc: warn about kwargs performance in C
-	  [Feature #11339] [ci skip]
-
-Tue Dec  8 03:44:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_load): disable peephole optimization option
-	  because apply it multiple times change the sequence.
-	  (iseq != peephole_optimize(load(iseq.to_a)))
-
-Tue Dec  8 03:43:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (rb_iseq_build_from_ary): do not allocate table
-	  if table_size is 0.
-
-Tue Dec  8 03:30:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/unixsocket.c (unix_send_io): document args
-	  (unix_recv_io): ditto
-	* test/socket/test_unix.rb (test_fd_passing_class_mode): added
-
-Tue Dec 08 02:21:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_translate): at the end of constructing an iseq,
-	  call RubyVM::InstructionSequence.translate(iseq) if this method
-	  is defined. If the return value is also an object of
-	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence, then use it instead of created one.
-
-	  For example, this method is useful to test iseq dumper/loader
-	  such as RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_a and rb_iseq_load().
-
-	  Because this method is for such internal experimental usage,
-	  the interface is not matured. For example, this interface has
-	  no extensibility. Two or more translators can not run
-	  simultaneously.
-
-	  So that we don't guarantee future compatibility of this method.
-	  Basically, do not use this method.
-
-Tue Dec  8 01:57:13 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/*: update psych to 2.0.16
-	* test/psych/*: ditto
-
-Mon Dec  7 23:45:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* string.c: introduce String#+@ and String#-@ to control
-	  String mutability.
-	  [Feature #11782]
-
-Mon Dec  7 23:39:49 2015  Ben Miller  <bjmllr@gmail.com>
-
-	* parse.y: add heredoc <<~ syntax.  [Feature #9098]
-
-Mon Dec  7 23:06:16 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* prelude.rb (IO#read_nonblock): [DOC] add missing options to
-	  call-seq.  [ruby-core:71627] [Bug #11730]
-
-Mon Dec  7 15:50:50 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* .gitignore: added cygruby*.def for Cygwin
-
-Sun Dec  6 19:52:31 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_autoload): deprecate
-	* internal.h (rb_autoload_str): declare
-	* load.c (rb_mod_autoload): use rb_autoload_str
-	* variable.c (rb_autoload): become compatibility wrapper
-	  (rb_autoload_str): hoisted out from old rb_autoload
-	  [ruby-core:71369] [Feature #11664]
-
-Sun Dec  6 18:25:22 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/webrick/test_cgi.rb (TestWEBrickCGI#test_cgi): gave up the test
-	  of binary path info test on Windows because the test had passed
-	  occasionally as the comment said.
-
-Sun Dec  6 15:25:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/console/console.c (console_getpass): add IO#getpass
-	  method.
-
-Sun Dec  6 08:39:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/json/json.gemspec: bump version to json 1.8.3. CRuby already contained
-	  upstream changes.
-
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/commit/4d059bf9f5f10f3d3088de49fc87e5555db7770d
-	  https://github.com/flori/json/commit/d4c99de78905d96c3f301f48b2c789943bb3f098
-
-	* ext/json/lib/json/version.rb: ditto.
-
-Sat Dec  5 17:48:25 2015  Lars Kanis  <lars@greiz-reinsdorf.de>
-
-	* tool/fake.rb: Fix cross build when srcdir is an absolute path.
-
-	* Makefile.in: PREP dependency is needed when cross build too, not
-	  "-r$(arch)-fake" to be  used before created.  [Fix GH-1125]
-
-Sat Dec  5 17:26:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (env_str_new, env_path_str_new): make default string
-	  UTF-8 for the case conversion is not possible.  [Bug #8822]
-
-	* hash.c (get_env_cstr): convert non-ASCII string to UTF-8 string.
-
-	* hash.c (ruby_setenv): use wide char version to put environment
-	  variable to deal with non-ASCII value.
-
-Sat Dec  5 09:56:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_CAS): old value to be swapped should be
-	  same as the destination.  immediate value may need type
-	  promotion.
-
-	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS): fix the argument order of
-	  InterlockedCompareExchange64.  new value and then old value is
-	  the last.
-
-Sat Dec  5 09:23:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_seed): fix the size to be filled, not the
-	  size of element, but the whole size of array.
-
-Sat Dec  5 06:03:54 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* vm.c (ruby_vm_verbose_ptr): make static
-	  (ruby_vm_debug_ptr): ditto
-
-Sat Dec  5 00:56:29 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (RB_OBJ_TAINT): follow-up of r52881.
-	  Turn into void expression not to use unexpected result.
-	  Fix "operands have incompatible types" error with
-	  Oracle Solaris Studio 12.x on Solaris.
-
-Fri Dec  4 19:52:52 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* enc/iso_8859_13.c: Added three missing lower/upper-case
-	  character pairs (from Kimihito Matsui)
-
-Fri Dec  4 18:57:57 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* enc/iso_8859_4.c: Added missing lower/upper-case character
-	  pair (U+014A and U+014B, LATIN CAPITAL/SMALL LETTER ENG)
-	  (from Kimihito Matsui)
-
-Fri Dec  4 16:48:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_obj_as_string): fstring should not be infected.
-	  re-apply r52872 and fix a typo.
-	  TODO: other frozen strings also may not be.
-
-Fri Dec  4 15:21:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.0+ HEAD(fdab4c4).
-	  this version includes #1396, #1397, #1398, #1399
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Fri Dec  4 11:22:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): name must be ascii-compatible, as
-	  pthread APIs do not accept legacy wide char strings.
-
-Thu Dec  3 15:39:21 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/scanf.rb: fixed double words typo.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1123] Patch by @jwworth
-
-Thu Dec  3 15:37:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_mixed_unicode_escapes.rb: fixed typo.
-	  [fix GH-1122] Patch by @davydovanton
-	* test/ruby/test_object.rb: ditto.
-	* test/socket/test_tcp.rb: ditto.
-
-Thu Dec  3 15:33:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_str_format): fix wrong shifting position in
-	  Rational conversion when not at the beginning of the result.
-	  [ruby-core:71806] [Bug #11766]
-
-Thu Dec  3 14:22:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (range_to_s): should be infected by the receiver.
-	  str2 infects by appending.  [ruby-core:71811] [Bug #11767]
-
-Thu Dec  3 11:57:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: separate SET_CURRENT_THREAD_NAME, which can set
-	  the name of current thread only, and SET_ANOTHER_THREAD_NAME,
-	  which can set the name of other threads.
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): use SET_ANOTHER_THREAD_NAME.  OS X
-	  is not possible to set another thread name.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (native_set_thread_name, thread_timer): use
-	  SET_CURRENT_THREAD_NAME.
-
-Wed Dec 02 22:57:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h, iseq.h: remove rb_iseq_t::variable_body.
-	  Fields in rb_iseq_t::variable_body are contained by
-	  rb_iseq_t::body::mark_ary (hidden Array object).
-
-	  Index 0 to 2 of mark_ary are reserved by these objects.
-
-	* iseq.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* compile.c (rb_iseq_original_iseq): trivial rewrite.
-
-Wed Dec  2 17:19:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ() and
-	  ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ_ALLOC() macro.
-
-	* compile.c: use them to access original iseq buffer.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_core.h: rename iseq field to support this fix.
-
-Wed Dec  2 17:10:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_FLIP_CNT_INCREMENT() macro.
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): use it.
-
-	* vm_core.h: rename flip_cnt field to support this fix.
-
-Wed Dec  2 17:05:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_COVERAGE() and ISEQ_COVERAGE_SET() macro.
-
-	* compile.c: use them.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_coverage): added.
-
-	* thread.c (update_coverage): use rb_iseq_coverage().
-
-	* vm_core.h: rename coverage field name to support this fix.
-
-Wed Dec  2 17:00:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* encoding.c (enc_name, rb_enc_name_list_i, rb_enc_aliases_enc_i):
-	  make fstring instead of making each copies.
-
-Wed Dec  2 16:32:08 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA() macro.
-
-	* compile.c, iseq.c: use ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA().
-
-	* vm_core.h: rename compile_data field to support this fix.
-
-Wed Dec  2 16:27:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* encoding.c (enc_m_loader): defer finding encoding object not to
-	  be infected by marshal source.  [ruby-core:71793] [Bug #11760]
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object0): enable compatible loader on USERDEF
-	  class.  the loader function is called with the class itself,
-	  instead of an allocated object, and the loaded data.
-
-	* marshal.c (compat_allocator_table): initialize
-	  compat_allocator_tbl on demand.
-
-	* object.c (rb_undefined_alloc): extract from rb_obj_alloc.
-
-Wed Dec  2 15:12:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: Fixed double negative comments.
-	  [Bug #11698][ruby-core:71506]
-
-Wed Dec  2 14:55:01 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: removed non executing tests.
-	  [Misc #11757][ruby-dev:49397]
-
-Wed Dec  2 11:23:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/csv.rb: enable frozen_string_literal.
-	  [fix GH-1116] Patch by @marshall-lee
-
-Wed Dec  2 10:36:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c: Fix double word typo.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1120] Patch by @jwworth
-
-Wed Dec  2 07:43:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (mSSLExtConfig): make static
-	  (eSSLError): ditto
-	  (ID_callback_state): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_ex_vcb_idx): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_ex_store_p): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_ex_ptr_idx): ditto
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.h: remove extern declarations for
-	  mSSLExtConfig and eSSLError
-
-Wed Dec  2 07:41:08 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* missing/explicit_bzero.c (explicit_bzero): fixup r52839
-	  for compilers with "weak" attribute
-
-Wed Dec  2 06:47:25 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: add ruby_explicit_bzero_hook_unused
-	  for preventing optimization. Inspired from OpenBSD.
-
-Tue Dec  1 23:36:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): allow to reset thread name.
-
-Tue Dec  1 23:14:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): check the argument if valid
-	  string.  [ruby-core:71774] [Bug #11756]
-
-Tue Dec  1 17:13:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_string_value_cstr): should not raise on frozen
-	  string.
-
-Tue Dec  1 09:35:29 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: add a few comment.
-
-Tue Dec  1 09:31:19 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: add disabling optimization on gcc.
-
-Tue Dec  1 07:50:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: new file. define explicit_bzero.
-	  Fixup r52806
-
-Thu Oct 22 12:54:43 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (register_ubf_list): renamed from
-	  add_signal_thread_list.
-	* thread_pthread.c (unregister_ubf_list): renamed
-	  from remove_signal_thread_list.
-	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_wakeup_all_threads): renamed from
-	  ping_signal_thread_list.
-	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_wakeup_thread): renamed from
-	  ubf_select_each.
-	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_threads_empty): renamed from
-	  check_signal_thread_list().
-	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_list_lock): renamed from
-	  signal_thread_list_lock.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (register_ubf_list): large simplification
-	  by using ccan/list.h.
-	  bonus: removed malloc() and exit(EXIT_FAILURE).
-	* thread_pthread.c (unregister_ubf_list): ditto.
-	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_threads_empty): ditto.
-	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_wakeup_all_threads): ditto.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (print_signal_list): removed.
-
-Thu Oct 22 08:03:49 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_rand.rb (TestRand#test_default_seed): add
-	  srand case.
-
-Thu Oct 22 06:33:38 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (InitVM_Random): move Random::DEFAULT initialization
-	  bits to Init_Random_default.
-	* random.c (Init_Random_default): renamed from Init_RandomSeed2.
-	* random.c (Init_RandomSeedCore): renamed from Init_RandomSeed.
-
-Thu Oct 22 06:20:48 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (Init_RandomSeed): move all Random::DEFAULT
-	  construction bits to Init_RandomSeed2. Random::DEFAULT
-	  and Ruby internal hashes are no longer shared their seed.
-	* random.c (Init_RandomSeed2): ditto. And, kill evil
-	  rb_obj_reveal() stuff.
-
-	* random.c (init_hashseed): add MT argument.
-	* random.c: (init_siphash): ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_rand.rb (TestRand#test_default_seed): new
-	  test for Random::DEFAULT::seed.
-
-Thu Oct 22 05:23:48 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (init_hashseed, init_siphash): extract initialize
-	  functions.
-
-Thu Oct 22 01:01:34 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: sort AC_CHECK_HEADERS() by alphabetical order.
-
-Thu Oct 22 00:19:07 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (init_randomseed): remove "initial" argument. It never
-	  be used from outside of this function.
-
-Thu Oct 22 00:12:33 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/securerandom.rb (SecureRandom::gen_random): use /dev/urandom
-	  for initialize OpenSSL's rand.
-
-Wed Oct 21 12:10:04 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_rand.c (ossl_rand_bytes): RAND_bytes could
-	  be return -1 as an error. Therefore, added error handling.
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c (dsa_generate): ditto.
-
-Wed Oct 21 09:04:09 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* include/ruby/util.h: remove a warning suppression C4723
-	  (potential divide by zero) for VisualC++. It's meaningless.
-	  Before r26197, there is ruby_div0() in this place and it
-	  actually made divide by zero. But now it's just garbage.
-
-Wed Oct 21 08:23:36 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c: random_raw_seed don't use GRND_NONBLOCK. GRND_NONBLOCK
-	  mean the result might not have an enough cryptic strength and
-	  easy predictable. That's no good for SecureRandom.
-
-Sun Oct 18 17:26:53 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* common.mk: add a rule for explicit_bzero.o.
-	* configure.in: detect explicit_bzero and memset_s.
-	* include/ruby/missing.h: add explicit_bzero.
-	* random.c (init_randomseed): use explicit_bzero() instead of
-	  memset(). memset could be eliminated by compiler optimization.
-
-Mon Nov 30 18:46:44 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/readline/extconf.rb: call dir_config("libedit")
-	  if --enable-libedit is specified. [Bug #11751]
-	  patched by John Hein
-
-Mon Nov 30 08:44:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c: remove spurious #define for globals
-	  [ruby-core:71735] [Feature #11749]
-
-Sun Nov 29 09:13:03 2015  Conor Landry  <clandry94@gmail.com>
-
-	* NEWS: [DOC] Various grammar corrections and clarifications to
-	  increase readability.  [Fix GH-1115]
-
-Sat Nov 28 19:33:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_here_document): store dispatched result of
-	  on_tstring_content at the last fragment of a here document.
-
-Fri Nov 27 19:19:44 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (connect): detect closed connection and reconnect
-	  If the server closes a keep-alive http connection, the client socket
-	  reaches EOF. To avoid an EOFError, detect the closed connection and
-	  reconnect.
-	  Added test to ensure HTTP#post succeeds even if the
-	  keep-alive-connection has been closed by the server.
-	  by Kristian Hanekamp <kris.hanekamp@gmail.com>
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1089 fix GH-1089
-
-Thu Nov 26 21:36:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): enable tail call
-	  optimization for specialized indexers.
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): blockiseq should be NULL, but not
-	  Qnil.
-
-Thu Nov 26 17:22:53 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* regcomp.c, regenc.c, regexec.c, regint.h, enc/unicode.c:
-	  Merge Onigmo 58fa099ed1a34367de67fb3d06dd48d076839692
-	  + https://github.com/k-takata/Onigmo/pull/52
-
-Thu Nov 26 09:50:02 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/coverage/test_coverage.rb: Added test-case for Coverage.restart.
-	  [Misc #11732][ruby-dev:49379]
-
-Thu Nov 26 09:46:36 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/coverage/test_coverage.rb: Added test-case for Coverage.peek_result
-	  without Coverage.start. [Misc #11726][ruby-core:71622]
-
-Thu Nov 26 07:22:55 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (test_copy_stream): new test
-
-Wed Nov 25 21:23:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (copy_stream_body): try to_io conversion before read,
-	  readpartial, and write methods.  [ruby-dev:49008] [Bug #11199]
-
-Wed Nov 25 10:55:21 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (argf_getpartial): should not resize str if the second
-	  argument is not given.
-	  [ruby-core:71668] [Bug #11738]
-
-Tue Nov 24 23:56:25 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: On Solaris, it is safe to define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE
-	  when _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 is defined (= when 32-bit compile).
-
-Tue Nov 24 10:00:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/installer.rb: Fix two double-word typos.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1108] Patch by @jwworth
-
-Tue Nov 24 09:17:02 2015  Alexander von Gluck IV  <kallisti5@unixzen.com>
-
-	* beos: Drop support for BeOS now that Haiku is stable.
-	  [Fix GH-1112]
-
-Tue Nov 24 09:16:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* internal.h (rb_gc_for_fd): move to export, as referred by
-	  ext/socket.
-
-Tue Nov 24 09:04:29 2015  David Rodriguez  <deivid.rodriguez@gmail.com>
-
-	* file.c: [DOC] add a missing period to File docs, to terminate
-	  the sentence and separate from the next sentence.  [Fix GH-1111]
-
-Tue Nov 24 08:30:06 2015  JuanitoFatas  <katehuang0320@gmail.com>
-
-	* NEWS: Fix the issue number of `Struct#dig`, which should be
-	  [Feature #11688].  [Fix GH-1110]
-
-Tue Nov 24 07:56:54 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept): handle ENOMEM
-
-Tue Nov 24 07:50:15 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_initialize): use rb_gc_for_fd for ENOMEM
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_socket): ditto
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (rsock_socketpair): ditto
-	* internal.h (rb_gc_for_fd): prototype
-	* io.c (rb_gc_for_fd): remove static
-	  [ruby-core:71623] [Feature #11727]
-
-Tue Nov 24 06:46:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_gc_for_fd): new helper function
-	  (ruby_dup): use rb_gc_for_fd
-	  (rb_sysopen): ditto
-	  (rb_fdopen): ditto
-	  (rb_pipe): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:71623] [Feature #11727]
-
-Tue Nov 24 05:13:35 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/function.c (struct nogvl_ffi_call_args):
-	  new struct for GVL release
-	  (nogvl_ffi_call): new function
-	  (function_call): adjust for GVL release
-	  [ruby-core:71642] [Feature #11607]
-	* ext/fiddle/closure.c (struct callback_args):
-	  new struct for GVL acquire
-	  (with_gvl_callback): adjusted original callback function
-	  (callback): wrapper for conditional GVL acquire
-	* ext/fiddle/depend: add dependencies
-	* ext/fiddle/extconf.rb: include top_srcdir for internal.h
-	* internal.h (ruby_thread_has_gvl_p): expose for fiddle
-	* vm_core.h (ruby_thread_has_gvl_p): moved to internal.h
-	* test/fiddle/test_function.rb (test_nogvl_poll): new test
-
-Mon Nov 23 19:53:12 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: On Solaris, with gcc, "-std=iso9899:1999"
-	  in $ansi_options is often also needed in CPPFLAGS,
-	  because some feature definitions vary depending on such
-	  standards options.
-
-Mon Nov 23 12:54:39 2015  Hamish Morrison  <hamishm53@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: remove obsolete workarounds for Haiku.
-
-	* dln.c, file.c, io.c: remove obsolete Haiku workarounds.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c: add stack bounds detection for Haiku.
-
-	* signal.c: get stack pointer from signal context on Haiku.
-	  [ruby-core:67923] [Bug #10811] [Fix GH-1109]
-
-Mon Nov 23 11:44:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: bump version to minitest-5.8.3
-
-Mon Nov 23 08:55:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: fix wrong reference for r52714
-
-Sun Nov 22 22:23:37 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): fix compile errors when USE_RGENGC
-	  is 0.
-
-Sun Nov 22 21:58:09 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/cmath.rb: methods which has suffix '!' are now deprecated.
-	  Re-apply r52469 made by Kazuki Tanaka, with fixing bug about
-	  mathn.rb compatibility. [ruby-core:68528] [Feature #10974]
-
-Sun Nov 22 19:36:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl.c: fix brew command for installation of openssl.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1107] Patch by @arthurnn
-
-Sun Nov 22 17:59:50 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: On Solaris, add -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=n only when both
-	  AC_TRY_CPP and AC_TRY_COMPILE pass, because some options
-	  (e.g. -std=iso9899:1999) are not set when running C preprocessor
-	  or building ext.
-
-Sun Nov 22 16:53:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): remove unreachable code
-	  chunk after jump/leave.
-
-	* parse.y: move dead code elimination of logical operation to
-	  compile.c.  not to warn logical operation of literal constants.
-
-Sun Nov 22 16:37:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): eliminate always/never
-	  branches after a literal object and when the value is used after
-	  the branch.
-
-Sun Nov 22 01:23:43 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: Add -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 (or 600 or 700) on Solaris
-	  if available, mainly for enabling some features in sockets.
-
-Sun Nov 22 00:17:22 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/socket/test_socket.rb (test/socket/test_socket.rb): skip
-	  the test when Socket::SO_TIMESTAMP is not defined. Fix error
-	  on Solaris 10. [Bug #11728] [ruby-dev:49377]
-
-Sat Nov 21 18:57:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (need_argument): move frozen-string-literal-debug option
-	  from --enable to --debug.  [Feature #11725]
-
-	* ruby.c (proc_options): fix pointer overrun. do not advance argv
-	  until it is valid.
-
-Sat Nov 21 13:59:09 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/sha1/extconf.rb: OpenSSL's struct name for SHA1 is
-	  SHA_CTX. http://openssl.org/docs/man0.9.8/crypto/SHA1.html
-
-Sat Nov 21 13:31:52 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/*/*.[ch]: include ruby.h before digest.h to avoid
-	  including ext/digest/extconf.h. [Bug #3231]
-	  https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/36k2cdd4.aspx
-
-	* ext/digest/*/extconf.rb: remove ext/digest from include search path
-	  to avoid confusion of cl.exe.
-
-	* ext/digest/*/*.[ch]: explicitly specify def.h's path.
-
-Sat Nov 21 13:05:16 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl.h: LibreSSL doesn't have and need e_os2.h.
-
-Sat Nov 21 09:18:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* thread_sync.c: reduce the specification of Queue#close.
-	  * Queue#close accepts no arguments.
-	  * deq'ing on closed queue returns nil, always.
-	  [Feature #10600]
-
-	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: catch up this fix.
-
-Sat Nov 21 08:44:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): add debug information to NODE_STR
-	  strings as default.
-	  [Feature #11725]
-
-	* insns.def (freezestring): add new instruction to support adding
-	  debug information for dynamically constructed strings.
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): support adding debug information
-	  for NODE_DSTR with freezestring instruction.
-
-	* error.c (rb_error_frozen): change the debug information ID name
-	  id_debug_created_info and this field should have a 2 element array
-	  containing path and line information.
-
-	* defs/id.def: ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: catch up this fix.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_iseq.rb: now frozen strings are not same.
-
-Sat Nov 21 04:34:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* symbol.c (rb_str_intern): should not freeze the receiver itself
-	  unexpectedly.  [ruby-core:71611] [Bug #11721]
-
-Fri Nov 20 23:15:18 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/logger.rb: expose logger mutex
-	  [fix GH-541] Patch by @arthurnn
-
-Fri Nov 20 15:05:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Added missing reference of GitHub
-
-Fri Nov 20 14:57:01 2015  Trevor Rowe  <trevorrowe@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: Fixed regression for Net::HTTP::PUT with "Expect-100"
-	  header. [fix GH-949]
-	* test/net/http/test_http.rb: added test.
-
-Fri Nov 20 14:39:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: set hostname before call ossl_ssl_set_session.
-	  [Bug #11401][ruby-core:70152][fix GH-964] Patch by @mkarnebeek
-
-Fri Nov 20 12:53:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c: clarify docs for take_while/drop_while samples.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1028] Patch by @leriksen
-
-Fri Nov 20 12:48:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: remove mention of :UNIX in getaddrinfo().
-	  It's typically not a support option.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-990] Patch by @eam
-
-Fri Nov 20 12:44:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rss/syndication.rb: Add nodoc marker for #validate_sy_updatePeriod.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1105] Patch by @davydovanton
-
-Fri Nov 20 09:05:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (rb_vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref): added.
-
-	  CREFs should not be shared by methods between `using'.
-	  [Bug #11247]
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref): ditto.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_dup): should copy refinements correctly.
-
-	* eval.c: use rb_vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref().
-
-	* eval_intern.h: add a decl. of
-	  rb_vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref().
-
-	* vm_eval.c (eval_string_with_cref): do not need to pass
-	  scope's CREF because VM can find out CREF from stack frames.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: add a test.
-
-Fri Nov 20 06:52:53 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* .gitattributes: new file for git users
-	  [ruby-core:71578] [Feature #11713]
-
-Thu Nov 19 22:35:31 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c: Check buffer full and ignore MSG_TRUNC flag.
-	  buffer fullness is more robust to detect the message is too big for
-	  the buffer.
-	  AIX 7.1 recvmsg doesn't set MSG_TRUNC for rflags when MSG_PEEK is
-	  given.
-
-Thu Nov 19 21:55:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_start): force to invoke GC by GC.start
-	  even if it is GC.disable'd.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_gc.rb: add a test.
-
-Thu Nov 19 20:08:59 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: trivial performance improvements.
-
-	    name    modified
-	    vm1_gc_short_lived*                1.015
-	    vm1_gc_short_with_complex_long*    1.014
-	    vm1_gc_short_with_long*            1.000
-	    vm1_gc_short_with_symbol*          1.016
-	    vm1_gc_wb_ary*                     1.002
-	    vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted*            0.996
-	    vm1_gc_wb_obj*                     1.045
-	    vm1_gc_wb_obj_promoted*            1.014
-	    vm3_gc                             1.021
-
-	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational): reorder parameters to optimize
-	  register passing function call.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_incremental): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_writebarrier): remove LIKELY().
-	  LIKELY() seems to move related functions not better places.
-
-Thu Nov 19 19:45:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): [DOC] ARGV does not contain the name of
-	  the executable.  [ruby-core:71561] [Bug #11711]
-
-Thu Nov 19 15:53:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* signal.c: should also clear ruby_disable_gc.
-	  [Bug #11692]
-
-Thu Nov 19 15:31:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): T_IMEMO/iseq objects should be
-	  wrap with ISeq wrappers. [Bug #11676]
-
-Thu Nov 19 15:16:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.0+ HEAD(c6b4946).
-	  this version includes #1114, #1314, #1322, #1375, #1383, #1387
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Thu Nov 19 14:14:37 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (finish_overlapped_socket): return value of this
-	  function should be only 0 or SOCKET_ERROR.
-
-Thu Nov 19 14:12:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_tailcall_optimize): apply tail call optimization
-	  before conversion to specialized instructions.  when looking
-	  back from `leave` instruction, `send` instructions have been
-	  translated already.
-
-Thu Nov 19 13:57:58 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (finish_overlapped_socket): ignore EMSGSIZE when input,
-	  because POSIX platforms just do so.  fixes test errors revealed by
-	  r52647.
-
-Thu Nov 19 02:52:30 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): stretch the buffer size
-	  only when vmaxdatlen is nil.
-
-Thu Nov 19 02:20:11 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/socket/test_socket.rb (test_udp_recvmsg_truncation): rflags is
-	  nil on Solaris 10 which have no HAVE_STRUCT_MSGHDR_MSG_CONTROL.
-	  Reported by Naohisa Goto. [ruby-core:71557] [Bug #11709]
-
-Thu Nov 19 01:48:05 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: add -static-libgcc for mingw automatically if available.
-
-Thu Nov 19 00:53:26 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb (--extflags): new option to pass EXTLDFLAGS to children,
-	  especially exts.mk.
-
-	* common.mk (EXTMK_ARGS): use above option.
-
-Wed Nov 18 22:50:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_class_clear_method_cache): should clear all
-	  RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBLs of all sub-classes (T_ICLASS).
-
-	  RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL() caches complemented method entries.
-	  It should be cleared when the modules are cleared.
-	  On previous version clears only for direct children.
-	  It is enough for normal modules because corresponding T_ICLASSes
-	  are direct children.
-
-	  However, refinements create complex data structure. So that
-	  we need to clear all children (and descendants).
-	  [ruby-core:71423] [Bug #11672]
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_clear_method_cache_by_class): rb_mKernel
-	  doesn't call rb_class_clear_method_cache, so that
-	  clear child T_ICLASSes.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: enable disabled test.
-
-Wed Nov 18 21:09:08 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (prepare_callable_method_entry): use
-	  RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL() instead of accessing a filed directly.
-
-Wed Nov 18 17:08:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: introduce the following field and macros.
-
-	  * rb_method_definition_t::complemented_count to count shared method
-	    entries because of complemented method entries and separate from
-	    alias_count.
-
-	    Shared `def' only by complemented method entries should not prevent
-	    method re-definition warning.
-
-	  * METHOD_ENTRY_COMPLEMENTED(me) to represent complemented method entry.
-	  * METHOD_ENTRY_COMPLEMENTED_SET(me) to check it as  complemented me.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (aliased_callable_method_entry): should also
-	  check me->def->complemented_count.
-
-	* vm_method.c (method_definition_addref_complement): add to count
-	  complemented method entries number.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_release): release `def' iff
-	  alias_count == 0 and complemented_count == 0.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: add a test.
-
-Wed Nov 18 17:06:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): fix trivial issues.
-
-	  * support SPECIAL_CONSTs.
-	  * fix IMEMO/ment outputs.
-
-Wed Nov 18 11:32:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): eliminate always/never
-	  branches after a literal object.  this sequence typically
-	  appears by defined? operator for a method call on a local
-	  variable.
-
-Wed Nov 18 10:33:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): stretch the buffer size
-	  when EMSGSIZE occurs on non HAVE_STRUCT_MSGHDR_MSG_CONTROL platforms
-	  (such as, Windows).  fixes a test error revealed by r52625.
-
-Wed Nov 18 10:12:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): use 4096 as
-	  default size to match pre-r52610, which also maps to a common
-	  page size.
-
-Wed Nov 18 10:05:25 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc: update documentation to reflect
-	  recent changes.
-	  [ci skip] [ruby-core:71466] [Misc #11681] Patch by James Adam
-
-Wed Nov 18 09:50:21 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/logger/test_logdevice.rb: Fix tests of logger to make it work on
-	  windows (windows can not remove opened file) [Bug #11702]
-
-Wed Nov 18 06:59:52 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): grow buffer
-	  on unspecified maxdatlen
-	  [ruby-core:71517] [Bug #11701]
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#recvmsg): nil default for dlen
-	  (Socket#recvmsg_nonblock): ditto
-	* test/socket/test_socket.rb (test_recvmsg_udp_no_arg): new test
-
-Tue Nov 17 19:50:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (fstat): declare for mingw.
-
-Tue Nov 17 19:02:59 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (BASERUBY): use Kernel#print instead of Kernel#p because
-	  the baseruby may output CRLF as end of line.
-
-Tue Nov 17 15:34:34 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-	* NEWS: Added update from Unicode 7.0.0 to 8.0.0 [ci skip]
-
-Tue Nov 17 15:30:30 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-	* enc/unicode/casefold.h, name2ctype.h: Change Unicode
-	  Version for regular expressions from 7.0.0 to
-	  8.0.0 (with help from Kimihito Matsui) [Feature #11563]
-
-Tue Nov 17 14:36:00 2015  Kenichi Kamiya  <kachick1@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/ostruct.rb (dig): Implement OpenStruct#dig
-	  [Feature #11688]
-
-Tue Nov 17 14:04:14 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#recvmsg{,_nonblock}): default values
-	  of clen must be nil.
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): handle nil of clen.
-	  fixes test errors introduced at r52602.
-
-Tue Nov 17 13:43:46 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb: UNIXSocket is not always exists.  fixes
-	  install error on Windows, introduced at r52601.
-
-Tue Nov 17 11:27:23 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#recvfrom_nonblock):
-	  UDPSocket#recvfrom_nonblock):
-	  update doc for `exception: false` and destination buffer
-	  [ruby-core:69542] [Feature #11229]
-	  [ruby-core:69543] [Feature #11242]
-
-Tue Nov 17 11:25:05 2015  Eric Turner  <ericturnerdev@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_dig), hash.c (rb_hash_dig): [DOC] Update
-	  comments describing dig methods.  [Fix GH-1103]
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_dig): [DOC] add rdoc.
-
-Tue Nov 17 11:22:22 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-	* NEWS: Small grammatical fix [ci skip]
-
-Tue Nov 17 10:12:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket.accept_loop): avoid exceptions
-	  (Socket.udp_server_recv): ditto
-
-Tue Nov 17 09:59:00 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): avoid arg parsing
-	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
-	  (rsock_bsock_sendmsg): make private, adjust for above
-	  (rsock_bsock_sendmsg_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototypes
-	  (rsock_opt_false_p): remove
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (rsock_init_basicsocket):
-	  define private methods
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (BasicSocket#sendmsg): new wrapper
-	  (BasicSocket#sendmsg_nonblock): ditto
-
-Tue Nov 17 09:45:18 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): avoid arg parsing
-	  (rsock_bsock_recvmsg): adjust for above change
-	  (rsock_bsock_recvmsg_nonblock): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototypes for above
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (rsock_init_basicsocket):
-	  adjust private methods
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (BasicSocket#recvmsg): wrapper method
-	  (BasicSocket#recvmsg_nonblock): ditto
-
-Tue Nov 17 08:36:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock): avoid parsing args
-	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototype
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_accept_nonblock): make private
-	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c (tcp_accept_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/unixserver.c (unix_accept_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#accept_nonblock):
-	  implement as wrapper, move RDoc
-	  (TCPServer#accept_nonblock): ditto
-	  (UNIXServer#accept_nonblock): ditto
-
-Tue Nov 17 08:25:57 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock):
-	  avoid argument parsing in C.
-	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#connect_nonblock):
-	  new wrapper for private method, move RDoc
-
-Tue Nov 17 08:16:09 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock):
-	  avoid arg parsing with C API
-	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (bsock_recv_nonblock):
-	  adjust for above change, make private
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (BasicSocket#recv_nonblock):
-	  new wrapper for private method, move RDoc
-	  (Socket#recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-	  (UDPSocket#recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-
-Mon Nov 16 21:27:54 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/dtrace/helper.rb (Dtrace::TestCase#trap_probe): dtrace buffer
-	  size is set as 8m on Solaris (default 4m). [Bug #11697]
-
-Mon Nov 16 20:03:14 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/logger.rb: Add Logger#reopen
-
-Mon Nov 16 18:21:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): dig in nested structs too.
-
-	* struct.c (rb_struct_dig): new method Struct#dig.
-	  [Feature #11688]
-
-Mon Nov 16 17:41:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): optimize tail calls on aref
-	  and aset specialized instructions.
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): optimize replaced leave
-	  instruction copied to jump instruction too.
-
-Mon Nov 16 16:39:38 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Enable frozen_string_literal.
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Move << out of the begin block that ensures pop.
-
-Mon Nov 16 16:28:30 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb (Hash#flatten!, #add?, #delete?, #collect!, #reject!,
-	  #select!, #^, #classify): Micro-optimize some methods for
-	  performance and readability.
-
-Mon Nov 16 16:17:58 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: fixed accidentally commit.
-
-Mon Nov 16 16:10:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* mkconfig.rb: Add some high-level documentation.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1081] Patch by @ulfalizer
-
-Mon Nov 16 15:59:14 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* proc.c: Add call-seq of `Method#super_method`
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1094]
-
-Mon Nov 16 15:58:39 2015  Kenichi Kamiya  <kachick1@gmail.com>
-
-	* struct.c: Standardize a method signature of Struct#[]=.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1095]
-
-Mon Nov 16 15:42:36 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb (#>=, #>, #<=, #<): Make use of Hash#>=, #>, #<, and
-	  #<= when comparing against an instance of the same kind.
-
-Mon Nov 16 15:37:11 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/logger.rb: Support symbol and string log level setting
-
-Mon Nov 16 15:33:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb: fix wrong permission for gem specification without
-	  zlib runtime. [Bug #11685][ruby-dev:49343]
-
-Mon Nov 16 12:11:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/httpauth/basicauth.rb: fix a typo.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1099] Patch by @jwworth
-	* lib/webrick/httpauth/digestauth.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Nov 15 18:28:43 2015  Kenichi Kamiya  <kachick1@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm_method.c (set_method_visibility): should fail if the receiver
-	  is frozen.  [ruby-core:71489] [Bug #11687]
-
-Sat Nov 14 22:15:07 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sat Nov 14 21:44:56 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/time.rb: Use "<<" to reduce string allocation.
-
-Sat Nov 14 17:45:49 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/tsort.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sat Nov 14 17:25:15 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv-replace.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sat Nov 14 17:00:13 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/time.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sat Nov 14 16:43:02 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/open3.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sat Nov 14 05:04:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* node.h: remove old comments.
-
-Sat Nov 14 04:55:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* refactoring CREF related code.
-
-	* eval_intern.h: remove unused setter functions.
-	  CREF_CLASS_SET()
-	  CREF_NEXT_SET()
-	  CREF_SCOPE_VISI_COPY()
-
-	* eval_intern.h: rename flags:
-	  * NODE_FL_CREF_PUSHED_BY_EVAL_ -> CREF_FL_PUSHED_BY_EVAL
-	  * NODE_FL_CREF_OMOD_SHARED_ -> CREF_FL_OMOD_SHARED
-	  and use IMEMO_FL_USER1/2.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_new): accept push_by_eval parameter.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_new_use_prev): added for rb_vm_rewrite_cref().
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_cref_push): accept pushed_by_eval parameter.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h: remove unused macros:
-	  COPY_CREF_OMOD() and COPY_CREF().
-
-	* vm_eval.c, insns.def: catch up this fix.
-
-Sat Nov 14 02:58:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_define_method): refactoring.
-	  * get CREF in this function.
-	  * cbase is no longer needed (CREF_CLASS(cref) is enough).
-
-	* compile.c: RubyVM::FrozenCore.define_method only accept 2 args.
-
-Sat Nov 14 02:34:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_define_method): do not use current CREF immediately,
-	  but check CREF in environment or methods. Methods defined in methods
-	  should be public.
-	  [Bug #11571]
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_scope_module_func_check): check CREF in env or me.
-	  if CREF is contained by `me', then return FALSE.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test.
-
-Sat Nov 14 02:19:16 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: constify rb_cref_t::scope_visi;
-
-	* eval_intern.h (CREF_SCOPE_VISI_COPY): catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Sat Nov 14 01:53:52 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_unpack, AVOID_CC_BUG): Very ugly workaround for
-	  optimization bug of Oracle Solaris Studio 12.4 on Solaris
-	  with -xO4 optimization option. [Bug #11684]
-
-Fri Nov 13 23:00:23 2015  Hiroshi Shirosaki  <h.shirosaki@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: unset LD_PRELOAD on mingw. msys2 child processes
-	  crash at make test-all with LD_PRELOAD.
-	  [ruby-core:71461] [Bug #11680]
-
-Fri Nov 13 14:00:43 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c: Merge ruby/openssl@b9ea8ef [Bug #10735]
-
-Fri Nov 13 13:09:16 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: Merge ruby/openssl@81e1a30
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: ditto
-
-Fri Nov 13 13:05:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* prelude.rb (Thread.exclusive): warn as deprecated.
-
-Fri Nov 13 10:36:39 2015  Victor Nawothnig  <Victor.Nawothnig@gmail.com>
-
-	* parse.y (new_unless): optimize constant condition for `unless`
-	  as well as `if`.  [Fix GH-1092]
-
-Fri Nov 13 10:08:41 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: bump version to 2.0.15
-
-Thu Nov 12 18:44:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_magic_comment): should match exactly.
-	  [ruby-core:71460] [Bug #11679]
-
-Thu Nov 12 16:16:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* template/prelude.c.tmpl: enable tail call optimization.
-
-Thu Nov 12 14:17:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_yylex): ANDDOT at the head of the line denote
-	  line continuation from previous one to support fluent interface,
-	  as well as single dot.
-
-Thu Nov 12 13:49:50 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.0+ HEAD(db78980).
-	  this version includes #1367 , #1373 , #1375
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Thu Nov 12 10:53:41 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_io_nonblock_noex2.rb: new benchmark based
-	  on bm_io_nonblock_noex.rb
-	* io.c (io_read_nonblock): move documentation to prelude.rb
-	  (io_write_nonblock): ditto
-	  (Init_io): private, internal methods for prelude.rb use only
-	* prelude.rb (IO#read_nonblock): wrapper + documentation
-	  (IO#write_nonblock): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
-
-Wed Nov 11 18:30:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_str_format): look up the key, then get default
-	  value and raise KeyError if the returned value is nil.
-	  [ruby-dev:49338] [Ruby trunk - Bug #11677]
-
-Wed Nov 11 17:38:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (local_var_list_add): skip internal local variable
-	  name by its type but not if it has a name.  internal local
-	  variable names are just unique per frame, not globally.
-	  [ruby-core:71437] [Bug #11674]
-
-Wed Nov 11 14:14:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* transcode.c: fix a typo
-	[ci skip][fix GH-1091] Patch by @jwworth
-
-Wed Nov 11 11:58:38 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (initialize): Connections are in passive mode per
-	  default now.  The default mode can be changed by
-	  Net::FTP.default_passive=.
-	  [ruby-core:71146] [Feature #11612]
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (default_passive=, default_passive): new methods.
-
-Wed Nov 11 09:03:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sprintf.c (rb_str_format): respect default value of a hash.  no
-	  longer raises KeyError unless the default value of the hash is
-	  nil.  [ruby-core:71354] [Bug #11661]
-
-Tue Nov 10 20:35:12 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/open-uri.rb: Remove indicator for "frozen_string_literal: true".
-
-	* lib/pp.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/securerandom.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/tmpdir.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_buffered_socket.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_mlsx_entry.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/open-uri/test_open-uri.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/open-uri/test_ssl.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/pathname/test_pathname.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/test_pp.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/test_prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* tool/transcode-tblgen.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb: Ditto.
-
-Tue Nov 10 18:42:24 2015  Aleksandrs Ledovskis  <aleksandrs@ledovskis.lv>
-
-	* defs/id.def, parse.y: Switch internal token name to reflect
-	  current form of safe-call operator.  [Fix GH-1090]
-
-Tue Nov 10 18:25:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_to_proc): use rb_func_proc_new to make light
-	  weight proc.  [Feature #11653]
-
-Tue Nov 10 18:23:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (cfunc_proc_t): add room for me.
-
-	* proc.c (cfunc_proc_new): generalise for cfunc proc without env.
-
-	* proc.c (rb_func_proc_new, rb_func_lambda_new): new functions to
-	  make proc/lambda without env from cfunc.
-
-Tue Nov 10 17:32:35 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* bootstraptest/test_fork.rb ([ruby-dev:37934]): :NPROC (RLIMIT_NPROC)
-	  is not supported on some platforms (e.g. Solaris 10).
-
-Tue Nov 10 16:57:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_to_proc): new method Hash#to_proc.
-	  [Feature #11653]
-
-Tue Nov 10 14:34:09 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (rb_time_timespec_new): swap utc and localtime
-	  to generate gmt flag by INT_MAX - gmtoff.
-
-Tue Nov 10 14:01:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_{le,lt,ge,gt}): new methods, Hash#<=, Hash#<,
-	  Hash#>=, Hash#>, to test if all elements of a hash are also
-	  included in another hash, and vice versa.
-	  [ruby-core:68561] [Feature #10984]
-
-Tue Nov 10 11:25:29 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (rb_timespec_now): added.  [Feature #11558]
-
-	* time.c (rb_time_timespec_new): added.  [Feature #11558]
-
-Tue Nov 10 06:17:17 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_autoload_load): allow recursive calls
-	  [ruby-core:71345] [Bug #11658]
-	* test/ruby/test_autoload.rb (test_autoload_while_autoloading):
-	  new test by: Hiroshi Shirosaki <h.shirosaki@gmail.com>
-	  [ruby-core:71390]
-
-Tue Nov 10 00:36:46 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Message::MessageEncoder#put_labels):
-	  Prevent overflow of pointer to labels.
-	  Patch by Hannes Georg.  [ruby-core:71248] [Bug #11632]
-
-Tue Nov 10 00:25:41 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: update to power_assert 0.2.6.
-
-Mon Nov  9 21:48:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_check_funcall_default): split from
-	  rb_check_funcall to return the given fallback value.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): use rb_check_funcall_default so that tail
-	  call optimization will be possible.  [Feature #11643]
-
-Mon Nov  9 21:27:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_dig): new method Array#dig.
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_dig): new method Hash#dig.
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): dig in nested arrays/hashes.
-	  [Feature #11643]
-
-Mon Nov  9 18:00:47 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0.beta3
-
-Mon Nov  9 17:38:14 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/runner.rb: use official repository for coverage tool.
-	* Makefile.in: ditto.
-	* common.mk: ditto.
-	* .gitignore: ignored third party repositories.
-
-Mon Nov  9 17:29:09 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): Dynamic string literals should be
-	  frozen.
-	  [ruby-core:57574] [Feature #8976]
-
-Mon Nov  9 15:56:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk: Use ruby organization url for simplecov repository.
-
-Sun Nov  8 16:24:09 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* NEWS: describe addition of File::TMPFILE
-
-Sun Nov  8 15:19:17 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* file.c: Add O_TMPFILE.
-
-Sun Nov  8 14:24:43 2015  windwiny  <windwiny.ubt@gmail.com>
-
-	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_{VISI,BASIC,FLAGS}_SET): suppress
-	  shift-op-parentheses warnings.  [Fix GH-1082]
-
-Sun Nov  8 14:01:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/psych_emitter.c: backport 5bd7744 from tenderlove/psych.
-	  support backward compatibility of Ruby 2.0
-
-Sun Nov  8 10:55:10 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_gets_m): Update IO#gets doc for characters more than
-	  1 byte.  [Fix GH-1085]
-
-Sun Nov  8 10:37:58 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/uri/ftp.rb: fix a typo.
-	  [fix GH-1084][ci skip] Patch by @windwiny
-
-Sun Nov  8 08:10:31 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_trace.c (exec_hooks_precheck): check need_clean everytime
-	  to clean-up unused hooks.
-
-	* vm_trace.c (list->need_clean): use as boolean value.
-
-Sun Nov  8 01:31:27 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (Net::HTTP#initialize):
-	  default value of Net::HTTP#open_timeout is now 60 (was nil).
-
-Sat Nov  7 12:18:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* string.c (id_to_s): remove redundant variable
-	  (rb_obj_as_string): trade id_to_s for idTo_s
-	  (rb_str_equal): replace rb_intern(...) with pre-defined ID
-	  (rb_str_cmp_m): ditto
-	  (rb_str_match): ditto
-	  (str_upto_each): ditto
-	  (rb_str_sum): ditto
-	  (Init_String): remove id_to_s initialization
-
-Sat Nov  7 11:40:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_cThreadShield): make static
-
-Sat Nov  7 09:51:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_trace.c (rb_threadptr_exec_event_hooks_orig):
-	  maintain trace_running counter on internal events.
-
-	  This patch is made by Takashi Kokubun <takashikkbn@gmail.com>.
-	  [Bug #11603] https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1059
-
-Sat Nov  7 03:32:27 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (RSTRUCT_PTR): need a close parenthesis.
-
-Sat Nov  7 01:32:06 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_fileno, dirfd): support of Dir#fileno on Solaris 10.
-	  Solaris 10 does not have dirfd, but the file descriptor of a
-	  directory is stored in the d_fd or dd_fd member in the DIR struct.
-	  Note that Solaris 11 has dirfd(3C).
-
-	* configure.in: checks for DIR.d_fd and DIR.dd_fd on Solaris 10.
-
-Fri Nov  6 23:13:53 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c: clarifies Array#reject! documentation.
-	  [fix GH-894][ci skip] Patch by @GxSplinter
-
-Fri Nov  6 20:18:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/runner.rb: extracted test helper.
-	* test/lib/zombie_hunter.rb: ditto.
-
-Fri Nov  6 18:07:47 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (rb_array_const_ptr, rb_struct_const_ptr):
-	  Suppress pointer type mismatch warnings occurred with old version
-	  of Fujitsu C Compiler (fcc) on Solaris 10. The warnings cause
-	  failure of TestMkmf::TestConvertible. [Bug #11644] [ruby-dev:49326]
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR): macro for the above,
-	  only effective with fcc.
-
-Fri Nov  6 12:39:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* defs/id.def (token_ops), parse.y (parser_yylex): change DOTQ
-	  from ".?" to "&.".  [ruby-core:71363] [Feature #11537]
-
-Fri Nov  6 09:01:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (kwd_append): fix segv after invalid keyword argument,
-	  preceding keyword list is NULL when syntax error is there.
-	  [ruby-core:71356] [Bug #11663]
-
-Fri Nov  6 06:59:37 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_autoload: hoist out ruby_impl_require
-
-Thu Nov  5 13:03:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* defs/id.def (token_ops): gather associations between IDs,
-	  operators, and parser tokens.
-
-Thu Nov  5 10:17:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (make_addrinfo): use RARRAY_ASET for
-	  write-barrier.
-
-	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c ({call,eval,invoke}_queue_handler): ditto.
-
-	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (ary2list, ary2list2): ditto.
-
-Thu Nov  5 10:09:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/**/*.c: prefer RARRAY_AREF to indexing RARRAY_CONST_PTR.
-	  pointed out by hanmac.
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/commit/3553a86#commitcomment-14187670
-
-Wed Nov  4 17:33:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/debug.rb: Add documentation for #thread_list_all.
-	  [Misc #11580][ci skip]
-
-Wed Nov  4 15:45:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c: fix documentation for rb_define_class{_id}_under.
-	  [fix GH-991][ci skip] Patch by @kachick
-
-Wed Nov  4 15:40:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* method.h: fix typo. Patch by @davydovanton
-	  [fix GH-1076][ci skip]
-
-Wed Nov  4 15:39:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c: use correct grammar. Patch by @tveastman
-	  [fix GH-1079][ci skip]
-
-Wed Nov  4 11:38:23 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* process.c (proc_getsid): [DOC] Fix double word 'for' and typo.
-	  [Fix GH-1080]
-
-Wed Nov  4 06:01:52 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (struct RObject): hide iv_index_tbl type
-	  [ruby-core:71306] [Feature #11647]
-
-Tue Nov  3 06:48:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (find_class_path): remove cast for rb_class_ivar_set
-	  (rb_ivar_set): ditto
-	  (rb_cvar_set): ditto
-
-Tue Nov  3 06:18:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_global_tbl): convert to id_table
-
-Tue Nov  3 01:58:46 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* parse.y (NO_QCALL): fix type mismatch of operands that causes
-	  compile error with Oracle Solaris Studio on Solaris.
-	  [Bug #11645] [ruby-dev:49327]
-
-Sun Nov  1 17:14:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* id_table.c (mix_id_table_insert): do not touch list during
-	  list->hash transition because GC can run during transition.
-
-Sun Nov  1 11:07:31 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_memsize): account for rb_call_cache entries
-
-Sun Nov  1 09:12:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_yylex): ':' separated by a comment and a newline
-	  is not valid as symbol.
-
-Sat Oct 31 20:15:48 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: skipped tests if openssl doesn't support
-	  ECDH cipher.
-
-Sat Oct 31 14:58:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* man/ruby.1 (SYNOPSIS): remove extraneous space for -F option as
-	  it does not allow spaces before its argument.
-	  [ruby-core:71283] [Bug #11641]
-
-Sat Oct 31 14:58:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* man/ruby.1 (SYNOPSIS): remove extraneous space for -F option as
-	  it does not allow spaces before its argument.
-	  [ruby-core:71283] [Bug #11641]
-
-Sat Oct 31 10:22:49 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* eval_error.c (undef_mesg_for): fix typo.  Before this commit
-	  `ArgumentError: malformed format string - %$` was raised when
-	  `NameError#message` is called.  [ruby-core:71282] [Bug #11640]
-	  [Fix GH-1077]
-
-Fri Oct 30 21:12:45 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: update to power_assert 0.2.5.
-
-Fri Oct 30 19:29:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_slowpath): do not need to use flags hack (commit miss).
-
-Fri Oct 30 19:08:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (heap_get_freeobj_from_next_freepage): not so UNLIKELY.
-
-Fri Oct 30 18:09:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_slowpath): reduce 1 parameter to use only registers
-	  for performance.
-
-	  On my laptop, 'N.times{x = []}' (where N = 29_000_000) is
-	  1.86 sec -> 1.74 sec.
-
-Fri Oct 30 12:53:21 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_call.rb: added test for safe navigation operator.
-	  [fix GH-1066]
-
-Fri Oct 30 12:47:34 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: fix wrong commit name.
-
-Fri Oct 30 12:36:16 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm_method.c: added documentation of protected/private methods.
-	  [fix GH-1072]
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: added testcase for method_defined?
-	  [fix GH-1071]
-
-Fri Oct 30 12:06:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_class_ivar_set): rename as class specific ivar
-	  setter, and st_table is no longer involved.
-
-Fri Oct 30 11:36:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (generic_ivar_remove): adjust type, set valp
-	  (rb_obj_remove_instance_variable): simplify call
-	* test/ruby/test_object.rb (test_remove_instance_variable):
-	  expand for implementation details
-
-Fri Oct 30 10:37:56 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* internal.h (rb_st_insert_id_and_value): update prototype
-	* variable.c (rb_st_insert_id_and_value): reduce args
-	  (find_class_path): adjust call for less args
-	  (rb_ivar_set): ditto
-	  (rb_cvar_set): ditto
-	* class.c (rb_singleton_class_attached): ditto
-
-Fri Oct 30 09:57:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: update latest gems.
-	  test-unit-3.1.5 and minitest-5.8.2
-
-Fri Oct 30 09:54:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems HEAD(60d7972).
-	  this version contains pull requests number of #1343, #1356, #1357, #1363
-	  at https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pulls
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Fri Oct 30 07:38:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* insns.def (getinlinecache/setinlinecache): compare ic->ic_cref and
-	  current cref only when cached CREF list includes singleton class.
-
-	  Singleton classes have own namespaces, so that we need to check
-	  cref as a key (#10943).
-
-	  However, if current CREF list does not include singleton class,
-	  no need to check CREF because it should be same name space.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_get_const_key_cref): add a function returns
-	  CREF only when it includes singleton class.
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify iseq_inline_cache_entry::ic_cref.
-
-Fri Oct 30 06:43:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_env_cref): make it inline for performance.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_get_cref): use NULL instead of 0.
-
-Fri Oct 30 06:20:40 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* insns.def: nobody set ic->ic_value.value to Qundef.
-
-Fri Oct 30 06:15:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c: add ifndef guard for VM_CHECK_MODE.
-
-Fri Oct 30 06:13:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_check_frame_detail): should require me for
-	  VM_FRAME_FLAG_BMETHOD type frame.
-
-Thu Oct 29 18:42:30 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): specify NOINLINE so that gc_mark() can return
-	  immediately when obj is not a markable object.
-
-Thu Oct 29 18:05:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* encoding.c (rb_enc_check_str): add for performance.
-	  This function only accepts T_STRING (and T_REGEXP).
-
-	  This patch improves performance of a tiny_segmenter benchmark
-	  (num=2) 2.54sec -> 2.42sec on my machine.
-	  https://github.com/chezou/TinySegmenter.jl/blob/master/benchmark/benchmark.rb
-
-	* encoding.c: add ENC_DEBUG and ENC_ASSERT() macros.
-
-	* internal.h: add a decl. of rb_enc_check_str().
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_plus): use rb_enc_check_str().
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_subpat_set): ditto.
-
-Thu Oct 29 17:16:40 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: export rb_wb_(un)protected_newobj_of()
-	  because some extensions include internal.h.
-
-Thu Oct 29 16:42:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_imemo_new): should not pass FL_WB_PROTECTED flag.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_wb_protected_newobj_of): add more assertions.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of): ditto.
-
-Thu Oct 29 16:20:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: introduce rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of() and
-	  rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(), pass the WB_PROTECTED
-	  information explicitly.
-
-	* internal.h: use introduced functions by NEWOBJ_OF().
-	  `flag' is immediate value, so that C compilers can
-	  solve them at compile time.
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: add a comment about that.
-
-Thu Oct 29 14:52:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: add rb_objspace::flags::has_hook to represent hook availability.
-
-	* gc.c: add gc_event_hook_available_p(objspace) to check that flag.
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_of): use gc_event_hook_available_p() instead of
-	  checking gc_event_hook_needed_p(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_NEWOBJ).
-	  for performance.
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_init): add UNLIKELY() for FL_WB_PROTECTED flag.
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_init): change parameters order (trivial change).
-
-Thu Oct 29 14:45:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_thread_struct): move forward declarations before
-	  used.
-
-Thu Oct 29 14:07:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): remove debug code for #11244.
-
-Thu Oct 29 10:08:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (struct autoload_state): usable as wait-queue head
-	  (struct autoload_data_i): remove 2 words of overhead
-	  (autoload_i_mark): remove marking for thread
-	  (autoload_reset): adjust for struct changes
-	  (rb_autoload): ditto
-	  (rb_autoloading_value): ditto
-	  (rb_autoload_load): ditto
-	  (const_update): ditto
-
-Thu Oct 29 08:48:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (struct autoload_data_i): add waitq_head
-	  (struct autoload_state): new struct
-	  (autoload_require): save result in autoload_state for use
-	    in autoload_reset
-	  (autoload_reset): wake up other waiters with open-coded
-	    wait-queues
-	  (rb_autoload_load): add ensure autoload_const_set happens
-	    atomically w.r.t. autoload-triggered "require"
-	  [ruby-core:70075] [ruby-core:71239] [Bug #11384]
-
-Wed Oct 29 00:39:50 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_commands_server_command.rb
-	  (test_handle_options_port): change port from http to discard.
-	  Solaris does not include "http 80/tcp" in its default
-	  /etc/inet/services. AFAIK, discard (9/tcp) is older than http
-	  and it is expected that all OS can resolve the service name.
-	  [Bug #10004] [ruby-core:63518]
-
-Wed Oct 28 23:52:48 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* probes_helper.h (RUBY_DTRACE_HOOK): add RB_GC_GUARD, though paranoic.
-
-Wed Oct 28 15:36:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_name_err_new): store the receiver directly.
-
-	* error.c (name_err_receiver): return directly stored receiver.
-	  [Feature #10881]
-
-	* error.c (name_err_mesg_to_str): quote the name if unprintable.
-
-	* object.c (check_setter_id): use rb_check_id to convert names.
-
-	* variable.c (uninitialized_constant): use NameError::message to
-	  keep the receiver of uninitialized constant.  [Feature #10881]
-
-	* error.c (rb_name_err_new): new function to create NameError
-	  exception instance.  [Feature #10881]
-
-Wed Oct 28 13:29:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (new_attr_op_assign): fix op_assign type, which is
-	  already an ID since r52284.  [Feature #11537]
-
-Tue Oct 27 23:14:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* defs/id.def: enable anonymous IDs not to expose internal IDs for
-	  frozen-string-literal-debug by Marshal.dump.
-
-Tue Oct 27 17:06:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* defs/id.def: move internal IDs for frozen-string-literal-debug.
-
-Tue Oct 27 16:41:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (rb_error_frozen_object): use rb_attr_get instead of
-	  rb_ivar_get to get rid of warnings for string objects created
-	  when frozen-string-literal-debug is disabled.
-
-Tue Oct 27 16:18:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/logger.rb (Logger::Period#previous_period_end): as weekly
-	  rotation shifts the log file on Sundays, the end date of the
-	  previous period should be Saturdays.  fix r45072.
-	  [ruby-dev:49314] [Bug #11622]
-
-Tue Oct 27 16:12:37 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_dump.c (rb_print_backtrace): our addr2line doesn't work on sparc.
-	  http://rubyci.s3.amazonaws.com/unstable11s/ruby-trunk/log/20151027T043311Z.log.html.gz
-
-Tue Oct 27 12:00:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/logger.rb (Logger::Period#next_rotate_time): get rid of
-	  adding to mday not to exceed the days of the month.
-	  [ruby-core:71185] [Bug #11620]
-
-Mon Oct 26 22:43:03 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb (test_method_defined): Add test cases
-	  for `public/protected/private _method_defined?`
-	  These methods accept string as argument, so add string argument
-	  cases.  [Fix GH-1067]
-
-Mon Oct 26 22:23:30 2015  SimonDKnight  <simondknight@hotmail.com>
-
-	* lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc: Grammatical errors fixed.
-	  [Fix GH-1070]
-
-Mon Oct 26 18:36:43 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h) <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* vm_method.c(rb_method_entry_make):
-	  [DOC] [ci skip] Remove a needless space from comment
-	  [Fixes GH-1069] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Mon Oct 26 17:30:13 2015  Ryan Hosford  <tad.hosford@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb: rename tailing to trailing.
-	  [Misc #11548]
-
-Mon Oct 26 17:11:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (call_op, call_op2): fix values on ripper.  [Feature #11537]
-
-Mon Oct 26 12:55:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (call_op2): separate from call_op and also allow "::",
-	  while dot_or_colon should not allow ".?".  [Feature #11537]
-
-Mon Oct 26 01:03:23 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* thread_pthread.c: fix compile errors when
-	  USE_SLEEPY_TIMER_THREAD is disabled.
-
-Sun Oct 25 10:12:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* symbol.c (op_tbl): add DOTQ for ripper.  [Feature #11537]
-
-Sat Oct 24 22:51:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: fixed build failure of Haiku.
-	  [fix GH-984] Patch by @kallisti5
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c: ditto.
-	* ext/socket/getnameinfo.c: ditto.
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: ditto.
-
-Sat Oct 24 21:16:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/fileutils/test_fileutils.rb (test_uptodate): relax error
-	  message format.  [Feature #9025], [ruby-core:71178] [Bug #11617]
-
-Sat Oct 24 21:06:43 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h)  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: Revert r45640 because it may lead to link
-	  with different libruby. [Bug #9760]
-
-Sat Oct 24 15:42:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* bootstraptest/test_method.rb: relax error message format.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_arity.rb (err_mess): ditto.
-	  [Feature #9025], [ruby-core:71178] [Bug #11617]
-
-Sat Oct 24 12:47:47 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: improved error message for "wrong number
-	  of arguments", distinguishing given and expected argument
-	  numbers clearly. [Feature #9025]
-
-Sat Oct 24 11:57:59 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: remove the typedef redeclaration of
-	  vm_call_handler.
-
-Sat Oct 24 07:29:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/forwardable.rb (def_instance_delegator, def_single_delegator):
-	  match backtraces against ::Forwardable in case the target class
-	  is a subclass of BasicObject and does not include Kernel.
-	  [ruby-core:71176] [Bug #11616]
-
-Sat Oct 24 04:10:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (make_compile_option_value): include frozen_string_literal*
-	  in a made option value.
-
-	* vm_opts.h: forgot to add OPT_FROZEN_STRING_LITERAL_DEBUG
-	  at last commit.
-
-Sat Oct 24 03:58:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ruby.c: introduce --enable-frozen-string-literal-debug option.
-	  If this option is enabled, the modify error will be:
-	    can't modify frozen String (RuntimeError) =>
-	    can't modify frozen String, created at test.rb:3 (RuntimeError)
-
-	* iseq.h: add compile option frozen_string_literal_debug.
-
-	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* error.c (rb_error_frozen): ditto.
-
-	* iseq.c (set_compile_option_from_hash): ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: add a test for this fix.
-
-Sat Oct 24 02:02:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: introduce new call handler for simple ISeqs.
-
-	  vm_call_iseq_setup_normal_0start() is simple, however it has
-	  some loops/conditions depends on ISeq::param.size and
-	  ISeq::local_size (in vm_push_frame(), inlined into this function).
-
-	  There are many simple methods which has a few parameters and local
-	  variables. So that this patch introduces several special functions
-	  generated in vm_call_iseq_optimized.inc by
-	  tool/mk_call_iseq_optimized.rb.
-
-	  This script makes
-	    vm_call_iseq_setup_normal_0start_Xparams_Ylocals()
-	  where X is 0 to 3 and Y is 1 to 6 (as current setting).
-	  In this case, X * Y = 24 functions are created.
-
-	  These functions creates fast method dispatch by inlining
-	  vm_push_frame() with immediate params/locals sizes.
-
-	  On my laptop, we can have the following results.
-
-	  vm2_method*       1.083 (8.3% faster)
-	  vm2_poly_method*  0.961 (3.4% slower)
-
-	  It shows 8.3% faster for inner loop method dispatch (hit inline
-	  cache), but 3.4% slower when inline cache miss because we need
-	  to find a suitable call handler.
-
-	* common.mk: add a rule for vm_call_iseq_optimized.inc.
-
-	* tool/mk_call_iseq_optimized.rb: added.
-
-	* vm.c: include vm_call_iseq_optimized.inc.
-
-Sat Oct 24 01:58:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: define vm_call_handler.
-
-Sat Oct 24 01:56:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h, vm_insnhelper.h: move definition of VMDEBUG
-	  from vm_insnhelper.h to vm_core.h.
-
-Sat Oct 24 01:51:01 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* NEWS: [DOC] In the new safe call syntax, arguments are evaluated
-	  only if a call is made.
-
-	* doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc: Fix a typo.
-
-Sat Oct 24 00:38:34 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/forwardable (def_instance_delegator, def_single_delegator):
-	  rescue ::Exception instead of Exception in case Exception is
-	  defined under the target class.
-	  [ruby-core:71175] [Ruby trunk - Bug #11615]
-
-Fri Oct 23 21:10:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (name_err_mesg_to_str): separate class names from the
-	  receiver description.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (make_no_method_exception, raise_method_missing): add
-	  format specifiers for class names.
-
-Fri Oct 23 18:10:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* .gitignore: ignored environmental wrapper files.
-
-Fri Oct 23 17:55:29 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/irb.rb: Ignored assignment of STDOUT.sync = true
-	  when irb.rb loaded. It's affected to IDE such as Jetbrain.
-	  [fix GH-864] Patch by @os97673
-
-Fri Oct 23 16:35:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/ipaddr.rb, test/test_ipaddr.rb: Reject invalid address contained
-	  EOL string. Patch by @kachick [fix GH-942][Bug #11513]
-
-Fri Oct 23 16:03:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c: fix indent style. [fix GH-977]
-	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: indent. [fix GH-975]
-	  [ci skip] These patches are contributed from @yui-knk
-
-Fri Oct 23 15:46:09 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c: Added method signature to include hash. It's inconsistency
-	  with `gsub` method signature.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-1023] Patch by @danielevans
-
-Fri Oct 23 15:25:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: remove an empty comment line and -*-.
-
-Fri Oct 23 15:20:02 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (gettextfile, getbinaryfile): use the safe
-	  navigation operator.
-
-Fri Oct 23 13:51:33 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test_call.rb (test_safe_call): Add test cases for safe
-	  navigation operator assignment.  [Fix GH-1064]
-	  Validate:
-	  * can assign an attribute which is `nil`
-	  * can "or assign" an attribute which is `nil`
-
-Fri Oct 23 11:58:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): optimize lengthy safe
-	  navigation method chain.  [Feature #11537]
-
-Fri Oct 23 10:58:41 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/matrix/eigenvalue_decomposition.rb (tridiagonalize): fix
-	  indentation to avoid a warning when the command line option -w of
-	  ruby is specified.
-
-	* lib/matrix/eigenvalue_decomposition.rb (hessenberg_to_real_schur):
-	  change the name of a block parameter to avoid a warning when the
-	  command line option -w of ruby is specified.
-
-Fri Oct 23 10:49:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): support safe navigation of simple
-	  attribute assignment.  [Feature #11537]
-
-	* parse.y (mlhs_node, lhs, attrset_gen): ditto.  keep mid
-	  non-attrset as the sign of safe navigation.
-
-Fri Oct 23 07:17:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/io/wait/test_io_wait.rb (test_wait_eof): test return value
-
-Fri Oct 23 00:32:02 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ssl_npn_select_cb): explicitly raise error
-	  in ext/openssl instead of OpenSSL itself because LibreSSL
-	  silently truncate the selected protocol name by casting the length
-	  from int to unsigned char. [Bug #11369]
-	  Patch by Jeremy Evans <merch-redmine@jeremyevans.net>
-
-Fri Oct 23 00:49:45 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/un.rb (help): change the name of a block parameter to avoid
-	  a warning when the command line option -w of ruby is specified.
-
-Fri Oct 23 00:22:20 2015  Josef Simanek  <josef.simanek@gmail.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_tr): [DOC] Escape backslash in String#tr
-	  documentation.  [Fix GH-1063]
-
-Fri Oct 23 00:19:04 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_collect): [DOC] Fix space of code example of
-	  Array#map.  [Fix GH-1062]
-
-Thu Oct 22 18:52:53 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_f_loop): When a loop is stopped by a StopIteration
-	  exception, return what the enumerator has returned instead of
-	  nil. [ruby-core:71133] [Feature #11498]
-
-Thu Oct 22 18:25:10 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (idle): add a new argument timeout for keep-alive.
-	  [ruby-core:63693] [Bug #10031]
-
-Thu Oct 22 15:30:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): peephole optimization for
-	  branchnil jumps.
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): generate save navigation operator
-	  code.
-
-	* insns.def (branchnil): new opcode to pop the tos and branch if
-	  it is nil.
-
-	* parse.y (NEW_QCALL, call_op, parser_yylex): parse token '.?'.
-	  [Feature #11537]
-
-Thu Oct 22 13:16:19 2015  Guilherme Reis Campos  <guilhermekbsa@gmail.com>
-
-	* dir.c (ruby_brace_expand): glob brace expansion edge case fix.
-	  When there are closing braces '}' before a open brace '{' it
-	  must be ignored and considered as literal.
-	  [ruby-core:71138] [Bug #11609]
-
-Thu Oct 22 13:13:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (argf_next_argv): check ARGV element type, and try
-	  conversion if necessary.  [ruby-core:71140] [Bug #11610]
-
-Thu Oct 22 11:11:16 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb: add tests for getbinaryfile and
-	  gettextfile.
-
-Wed Oct 21 18:34:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_magic_comment): allow a sole magic comment without
-	  indicators, neither other non-space comments.  [Feature #8976]
-
-Tue Oct 20 12:17:56 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Add basic argument checking to Prime.prime?
-	  [Bug #11606]
-
-Tue Oct 20 12:17:50 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Optimize Integer#prime?
-	  Patch by Nick Slocum [Bug #10354]
-
-Tue Oct 20 08:12:47 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: pthread_getattr_np is broken on AIX.
-	  More specifically, the stack address and size returned are
-	  not correct.
-
-Tue Oct 20 05:54:46 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/closure.c (callback): static function
-
-Mon Oct 19 10:33:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_raise_socket_error): get rid of a glibc
-	  bug.  [ruby-core:71100] [Bug #11600]
-
-Mon Oct 19 01:26:26 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_identical_p): not necessary to compare the paths after
-	  comparing the file indexes on Windows.  designate by kosaki.
-
-Sun Oct 18 21:17:27 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/open-uri.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sun Oct 18 14:37:56 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_urandom): add a comment why using
-	  O_NONBLOCK and O_NOCTTY.
-
-Sun Oct 18 13:24:17 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): use ATOMIC_SET() for
-	  updating try_syscall.
-
-Sun Oct 18 13:03:52 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* include/ruby/backward/util.h: Good-by Borland-C.
-
-Sun Oct 18 13:03:09 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* common.mk: add a comment how to use "make test-all"
-
-Sun Oct 18 12:59:22 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* common.mk: add comments how to use "make benchmark"
-
-Sun Oct 18 12:58:15 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/securerandom.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-Sun Oct 18 11:22:52 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* dln.c: remove defined(__WATCOMC__).
-
-Sun Oct 18 11:16:33 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: Good-by Borland-C.
-
-Sun Oct 18 11:04:36 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* numeric.c: Good-by Borland-C.
-	* include/ruby/backward/rubyio.h: ditto.
-	* include/ruby/backward/st.h: ditto.
-	* include/ruby/backward/util.h: ditto.
-	* include/ruby/backward/rubysig.h: ditto.
-	* include/ruby/backward/classext.h: ditto.
-	* dln.c: ditto.
-	* gc.c: ditto.
-	* win32/resource.rb: ditto.
-	* win32/dir.h: ditto.
-	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c: ditto.
-	* NEWS: announce that Borland-C is no longer supported.
-
-Sun Oct 18 10:54:52 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* dln.c: simplify #ifdef. _WIN32 and __CYGWIN__ are exclusive.
-	  see include/ruby/defines.h
-	* gc.c: ditto.
-	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm.c: ditto.
-
-Sun Oct 18 10:42:19 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* ruby.c (open_load_file): add a comment.
-
-Sun Oct 18 10:12:46 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_identical_p): simplify ifdefs
-
-Sun Oct 18 10:01:40 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* ChangeLog: Good-bye OS/2.
-	* common.mk: ditto.
-	* configure.in: ditto.
-	* dln_find.c: ditto.
-	* ext/Setup.emx: ditto.
-	* ext/extmk.rb: ditto.
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: ditto.
-	* ext/zlib/extconf.rb: ditto.
-	* file.c: ditto.
-	* include/ruby/defines.h: ditto.
-	* io.c: ditto.
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
-	* missing/os2.c: ditto.
-	* process.c: ditto.
-	* ruby.c: ditto.
-	* NEWS: announce OS/2 is no longer supported.
-
-Sun Oct 18 08:50:15 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* include/ruby/defines.h (DOSISH): add comments.
-
-Sun Oct 18 08:26:51 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* io.c (fptr_finalize): don't release gvl if fptr is not writable.
-	  writable fd may block on close(2) when it's on NFS. But readonly
-	  fd doesn't. [Bug #11559]
-	  result: make benchmark OPTS="-p bm_require_t -e ruby-trunk -e ruby-2.2.2"
-	    build-ruby:             0.171
-	    ruby 2.3.0dev(r52151):  0.659
-	    ruby 2.2.0p95 (r50295): 0.834
-
-Sun Oct 18 09:32:58 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* file.c (ruby_is_fd_loadable): this should be fail if st_mode is
-	  not regular file nor FIFO.
-
-Sun Oct 18 09:20:17 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* ruby.c (open_load_file): use rb_thread_wait_fd() instead of reopen.
-
-Sun Oct 18 05:11:22 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* ruby.c (open_load_file): reset O_NONBLOCK after open.
-	  Even if S_ISREG() is true, the file may be file on FUSE filesystem
-	  or something. We can't assume O_NONBLOCK is safe.
-	  Moreover, we should wait if the path is point to FIFO. That's
-	  FIFO semantics. GVL should be transparent from ruby script.
-	  Thus, just reopen without O_NONBLOCK for filling the requirements.
-	  [Bug #11060][Bug #11559]
-
-	* ruby.c (loadopen_func): new for the above.
-
-	* file.c (ruby_is_fd_loadable): new. for checks loadable file type
-	  of not.
-	* file.c (rb_file_load_ok): use ruby_is_fd_loadble()
-	* internal.h: add ruby_is_fd_loadble()
-
-	* common.mk: now, ruby.o depend on thread.h.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_require.rb
-	(TestRequire#test_loading_fifo_threading_success): new test.
-	  This test successful case that loading from FIFO.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_require.rb
-	(TestRequire#test_loading_fifo_threading_raise): rename from
-	  test_loading_fifo_threading. You shouldn't rescue an exception
-	  if you test raise or not.
-	  Moreover, this case should be caught IOError because load(FIFO)
-	  should be blocked until given any input.
-
-Sat Oct 17 13:55:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): concatenate converted
-	  string to the result instead of making converted string and
-	  append it.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_cat_conv_enc_opts): from rb_str_conv_enc_opts,
-	  separate function to concatenate with transcoding.
-
-Sat Oct 17 13:19:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file): unify each preparations and clean-ups by
-	  merging load_file_internal and load_file_internal2, and remove
-	  nested rb_protect and rb_ensure.
-
-Sat Oct 17 05:28:32 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb (test_symbol_fstr_leak): add a warm-up
-	  code and check RSS to avoid false positive on AIX and false
-	  negative on Mac OS X. [Bug #10686]
-
-Fri Oct 16 15:54:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_load_ok): open in non-blocking mode withoout
-	  releasing GVL.  don't care about others than regular files and
-	  directories.  [ruby-dev:49272] [Bug #11559]
-
-	* ruby.c (load_file_internal): ditto.
-
-Thu Oct 15 23:56:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_sym_to_proc): make void env.
-
-Thu Oct 15 13:37:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_sym_to_proc): move from string.c and create a Proc
-	  with no environments.  [ruby-core:71088] [Bug #11594]
-
-Thu Oct 15 01:57:03 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb
-	  (test_trace_object_allocations_start_stop_clear): clear object
-	  allocation table first to get rid of erroneous detection for obj3.
-	  [ruby-dev:49095] [Bug #11271]
-
-Thu Oct 15 01:53:38 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ostruct/test_ostruct.rb: Add tests for OpenStruct#respond_to.
-	  Patch by @jeremy in [GH-1041]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1041
-
-Thu Oct 15 01:49:25 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/ostruct.rb: Finish defining OpenStruct attributes lazily.
-	  Patch by @sferik in [GH-1037]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1037
-	  This commit is an addendum to https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1033.
-	  It:
-	  1. lazily defines attribute accessors for copied and marshaled objects,
-	  2. returns nil when an attribute reader is not defined, and
-	  3. defines respond_to_missing? to maintain the same respond_to? behavior
-
-Wed Oct 14 16:56:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: check for libunwind.h, which is not available in
-	  very old OS X SDK.  [ruby-core:71080] [Bug #11591]
-
-Wed Oct 14 14:11:42 2015  Brian Black  <bblack@veracode.com>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_insn_operand_intern): change kw in callinfo disasm from the
-	  number of keyword arguments to an ordered list of the keywords used.
-	  [Feature #11589]
-
-Wed Oct 14 13:58:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_nextc): send a warning to ripper, not to STDERR
-	  always.
-
-	* parse.y (rb_warn1, rb_warning1): move argument conversions to
-	  callers.  PRIsVALUE is not valid in String#%.
-
-Wed Oct 14 13:37:23 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc: fix spell error.
-	  [fix GH-1053][ci skip] Patch by @Matrixbirds
-
-Tue Oct 13 22:06:50 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (rsock_fd_family): Check sa_len.
-
-Tue Oct 13 12:14:10 2015  Craig Davison  <craig65535@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/socket/rsock_addrinfo (rsock_addrinfo): specify address
-	  family.  [Fix GH-1052]
-
-	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_connect, udp_bind, udp_send):
-	  address family by the receiver.
-
-Sun Oct 11 07:09:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_push_frame): initialize other than sp (and ep)
-	  first for performance.
-
-Sun Oct 11 06:21:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_eval.c, internal.h (rb_yield_1): added for performance which
-	  doesn't check Qundef.
-
-	* numeric.c (int_dotimes): use rb_yield_1.
-
-Sun Oct 11 06:19:49 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_iseq_setup_normal): setup sp first
-	  for performance.
-
-Sun Oct 11 05:29:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (invoke_block_from_c): split this function into several
-	  functions.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_yield_callee_setup_arg): remove this function
-	  because it is only delegation function.
-
-Sun Oct 11 03:48:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_of_slowpass): fix typo (pass -> path).
-	  Pointed out by Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>.
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_of_...): `of' is unnecessary.
-
-Sat Oct 10 19:04:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_connect, udp_bind): get open files
-	  inside ensure functions.
-
-Sat Oct 10 18:35:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method0): do not propagate enable_fastpath,
-	  but pass dummy CC to prevent wrong caching.
-
-Sat Oct 10 15:28:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* import a github pull request
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1050
-	  by Kazuho Oku <kazuho@natadeco.co>.
-
-	  This pull request has the following commits.
-
-	* gc.c: reduce # of args to 6 (max. of register args on x86-64) so
-	  that the `newobj_of_slowpass` can be called via TCO.
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_of), string.c (str_duplicate): for performance,
-	  the hot functions must be inlined.
-
-	* gc.c: for performance, preceding arguments of `.*newobj_of.*`
-	  must be same, so that the arg registers can be reused in case of
-	  TCO.
-
-Sat Oct 10 08:52:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_connect, udp_bind, udp_send): fix
-	  memory leaks at closed socket.
-
-Fri Oct  9 17:29:07 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (parse257): refactor.
-
-Fri Oct  9 16:42:26 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb: use frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-	* test/net/imap/test_imap.rb: ditto.
-
-	* test/net/imap/test_imap_response_parser.rb: ditto.
-
-Fri Oct  9 15:52:28 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb: use frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_buffered_socket.rb: ditto.
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb: ditto.
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_mlsx_entry.rb: ditto.
-
-Fri Oct  9 14:12:35 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h)  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: Revert r52082 because it was
-	  dropping TLS v1.1 support too. Supporting only TLS v1.2 is too
-	  early, because many popular websites still don't support it.
-
-	  For instance, Servers where aws-sdk connects to still don't support
-	  TLS v1.2 and it became broken.
-
-	  We should consider more carefully about this.
-
-	  [Fix GH-873] [Feature #11524]
-
-Fri Oct  9 12:52:08 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): Dynamic string literals (e.g.,
-	  "#{x}") should not be frozen because they don't literally
-	  represent strings.
-	  https://twitter.com/shugomaeda/status/651937650027401216
-	  https://twitter.com/yukihiro_matz/status/651942882312482817
-	  https://twitter.com/yukihiro_matz/status/651980835181096960
-
-Fri Oct  9 06:52:49 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* benchmark/prepare_require.rb: skip file creation if it already
-	  exist. Suggested by ko1.
-
-Fri Oct  9 06:18:04 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-	* benchmark/bm_require.rb: new benchmark for require.
-	* benchmark/bm_require_thread.rb: new benchmark for conflicting
-	  require vs thread. like [Bug #11559]
-	* prepare_require.rb: new file for preparing above tests.
-	* prepare_require.rb: ditto.
-
-Thu Oct  8 14:10:45 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: Default to TLSv1.2 and drop TLS v1
-	  Patch provided by @claudijd [Fixes GH-873] [Feature #11524]:
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/873
-
-Wed Oct  7 22:55:02 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/minitest/metametameta.rb (with_output): restore output to
-	  fix mixing test result output in worker responses.
-
-Wed Oct  7 21:32:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (str_duplicate): move from rb_str_resurrect to short
-	  circuit initialization.
-
-Wed Oct  7 20:43:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_resurrect): fix resurrection of short enough to
-	  be embedded but not embedded string.
-
-Wed Oct  7 20:17:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_of): divide fast path and slow path
-	  to avoid register savings for fast path.
-
-	  This idea is given by Kazuho Oku <kazuho@natadeco.co>.
-
-Wed Oct  7 17:30:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_times): optimize for the argument 0 and 1.
-
-Wed Oct  7 01:20:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.h, gc.c: introduce new debug function rb_obj_info_dump(VALUE obj)
-	  which prints the result of rb_raw_obj_info(..., obj).
-
-Wed Oct  7 01:16:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_args.c: remove an unused field args_info::calling.
-
-Tue Oct  6 23:43:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_min_max_arity): should support
-	  OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_CALL.
-
-Tue Oct  6 21:29:08 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/tmpdir.rb (Dir.tmpdir): return duplicated string to be
-	  modify safely even when $SAFE > 0.
-
-Tue Oct  6 19:24:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method0): use switch() for visibilities
-	  (for readability).
-
-Tue Oct  6 19:23:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (Init_Proc): Proc#call and others should be public.
-
-Tue Oct  6 18:51:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: IMEMO_FL_USER3 and IMEMO_FL_USER4 is not needed any more.
-
-Tue Oct  6 18:47:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: remove METHOD_ENTRY_SAFE(me) and related code
-	  because $SAFE = 3 and 4 is not available.
-	  Now, $SAFE is not checked on method dispatch at all.
-
-	* vm_eval.c, vm_insnhelper.c, vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Tue Oct  6 13:56:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: turn function macros into inline functions,
-	  for debuggers.
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: turn constant macros into enums, for
-	  debuggers.
-
-Tue Oct  6 13:48:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* method.h: typo fix. Patch by @davydovanton [fix GH-1032][ci skip]
-
-Tue Oct  6 06:54:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_free): free iseq::variable_body to avoid memory
-	  leak.
-
-Tue Oct  6 06:32:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c: enable optimization of Proc#call.
-	  [Feature #11569]
-
-	* NEWS: write about this optimization and incompatibilities.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_backtrace.rb: catch up this fix.
-
-Tue Oct  6 04:41:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: solve goto spaghetti.
-
-	  Change all goto statement across blocks to tail call functions.
-
-Tue Oct  6 02:29:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_resurrect): optimize by short circuit to copy
-	  hidden string without checking length, encoding and so on.
-
-Mon Oct  5 23:08:17 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_thread.rb (test_handle_interrupt_blocking): check if
-	  exception handling was postponed until sleep.
-
-Mon Oct  5 22:25:49 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/pp.rb: Use frozen_string_literal: true.
-
-	* lib/prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* lib/tmpdir.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/test_pp.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/test_prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* tool/transcode-tblgen.rb: Ditto.
-
-Mon Oct  5 20:39:32 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_thread.rb: fix potential race condition.
-	  The thread could have a "sleep" status because it tries
-	  to acquire the mutex, but does not have it yet.
-
-Mon Oct  5 15:39:30 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c: [DOC] Overview for Numeric class by Joe Corcoran
-	  This patch was created at ROSSConf Berlin 2015 [Bug #11555]
-
-Mon Oct  5 15:34:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_new): link ep to calling block.
-	  [ruby-core:70980] [Bug #11566]
-
-Mon Oct  5 00:53:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_dir_getwd): make ASCII-8BIT if filesystem encoding is
-	  US-ASCII, like as Dir.glob.
-
-Sun Oct  4 23:39:09 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* enum.c (nmin_filter): Fix limit value.
-	  patch by Helder Pereira.
-	  [Bug #11471] [ruby-core:70477]
-
-Sun Oct  4 15:11:48 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enc/euc_jp.c (mbc_case_fold): check given string is valid or not,
-	  and if invalid, return 1. [Bug #11486]
-
-Sun Oct  4 10:09:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (rb_dir_getwd): normalize OS path to UTF-8 on OS X.
-
-Sun Oct  4 00:09:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* template/ruby-runner.c.in: wrapper to set dynamic loading path
-	  environment variable.  /bin/sh on Mac OS X 10.11 (El Capitan)
-	  clears DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH.
-
-	  it must:
-	  - do nothing even if current directory is not present
-	  - do not set other environment variables, e.g. PWD, SHLVL, etc
-	  - do not open other FDs, e.g. pipes for timer thread
-
-Sun Oct 2 10:59:00 2015  schneems  <richard.schneeman@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb: freeze string literals for
-	  reduced object allocation.
-	  [Feature #11375] [ruby-core:70043]
-
-Fri Oct  2 09:20:20 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* common.mk, lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb: Change Unicode
-	  Version for character normalization data from 7.0.0 to
-	  8.0.0.
-
-Fri Oct  2 00:18:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_mark): block.ep of Proc from Symbol is now NULL.
-	  [ruby-core:70961] [Bug #11560]
-
-Wed Sep 30 15:47:13 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_args.c (vm_caller_setup_arg_block): bypass Symbol#to_proc
-	  call to optimize symbol block passing.
-
-Wed Sep 30 01:34:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_free): fix memory leak at syntax error when
-	  warn-indent is enabled.
-
-Tue Sep 29 22:27:50 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* parse.y: fix minor typo. [ci skip][fix GH-1038].
-	  Patch by @ltratt.
-
-Tue Sep 29 16:53:53 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* tool/unicode_norm_gen.tmpl, lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb:
-	  get rid of many .freeze commands by using frozen_string_literal
-	  pragma.
-
-Tue Sep 29 16:37:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (compile_dstr_fragments): fix performance by omitting
-	  the first empty string only for keeping literal encoding if
-	  other literals are too.  [ruby-core:70930] [Bug #11556]
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_append_literal): append but keep encoding non
-	  US-ASCII.
-
-Mon Sep 28 17:40:17 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (mtime): use usec instead of fractions to parse
-	  decimal fractions of a second correctly when the number of digits
-	  is not 6.
-
-Mon Sep 28 16:07:08 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (mtime): parse decimal fractions of a second as
-	  specified in RFC 3659.
-
-Mon Sep 28 10:31:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/test_forwardable.rb: Write basic tests for lib/forwardable.
-	  [fix GH-1035] Patch by @kachick
-
-Sun Sep 27 23:32:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class, rb_define_class_id_under): refine
-	  error messages.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_module, rb_define_module_id_under): ditto,
-	  and make consistent with class.
-
-Sun Sep 27 18:44:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: removed duplicated message.
-
-Sun Sep 27 15:46:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (process_options): add an option to enable/disable
-	  frozen-string-literal.  [Feature #8976]
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): override compile option by option
-	  given by pragma.
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_make_compile_option): extract a function to
-	  overwrite rb_compile_option_t.
-
-	* parse.y (parser_set_compile_option_flag): introduce pragma to
-	  override compile options.
-
-	* parse.y (magic_comments): new pragma "frozen-string-literal".
-	  [Feature #8976]
-
-Sun Sep 27 08:16:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/ostruct.rb (delete_field): do not raise NameError for
-	  existing keys.  [Fix GH-1033]
-
-Sun Sep 27 00:34:31 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/ostruct.rb: Move method definitions for getter/setter to be lazy
-	  Patch by @sferik in [GH-1033]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1033
-
-Fri Sep 25 10:07:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: removed unused variable. It's removed at r13648.
-	  [fix GH-1022] Patch by @nkondratyev
-
-Fri Sep 25 09:48:27 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: upgrade to minitest-5.8.1
-
-Fri Sep 25 09:47:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* id_table.c: fix typo. [ci skip][fix GH-1031] Patch @davydovanton
-
-Fri Sep 25 07:54:05 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/gdbm/test_gdbm.rb (TestGDBM#test_s_open_lock): skip
-	  this test on AIX. The issue is the same as on Solaris.
-	  [ruby-dev:47631]
-
-Thu Sep 24 17:25:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (paren_args): fix separator token at `foo::bar()` in
-	  ripper.
-
-Thu Sep 24 00:00:17 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* complex.c: ruby/config.h must be included before math.h
-	  because it defines _LARGE_FILES on AIX and _LARGE_FILES
-	  must be defined before sys/types.h is included from math.h.
-	  [Bug #11483]
-
-Wed Sep 23 22:22:38 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs12*: Remove svn commit id macro
-
-Wed Sep 23 01:11:28 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/*: Remove svn commit id macros to make sync easier
-
-Tue Sep 22 04:20:01 2015  Masatoshi SEKI  <m_seki@mva.biglobe.ne.jp>
-
-	* test/drb/test_drb.rb: Run Rinda/DRb tests on localhost. [Fix GH-1027]
-	  patch by voxik.
-
-	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb: ditto
-
-Mon Sep 21 20:53:39 2015  tbpgr  <tbpgr@tbpgr.jp>
-
-	* test/win32ole/test_win32ole_event.rb: fix typo.
-	  swbemsink_avairable? => swbemsink_available?  [Fix GH-1025]
-
-Sun Sep 20 10:07:35 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
-
-	* cont.c (rb_callcc): [DOC] append continuations example across
-	  methods.  [Fix GH-1026]
-
-Sun Sep 20 03:20:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_free): free rb_iseq_t::body::cc_entries.
-
-Sun Sep 20 02:46:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: split rb_call_info_t into several structs.
-	  * rb_call_info (ci) has compiled fixed information.
-	  * if ci->flag & VM_CALL_KWARG, then rb_call_info is
-	    also rb_call_info_with_kwarg. This technique reduce one word
-	    for major rb_call_info data.
-	  * rb_calling_info has temporary data (argc, blockptr, recv).
-	    for each method dispatch. This data is allocated only on
-	    machine stack.
-	  * rb_call_cache is for inline method cache.
-
-	  Before this patch, only rb_call_info_t data is passed.
-	  After this patch, above three structs are passed.
-
-	  This patch improves:
-	  * data locality (rb_call_info is now read-only data).
-	  * reduce memory consumption (rb_call_info_with_kwarg,
-	    rb_calling_info).
-
-	* compile.c: use above data.
-
-	* insns.def: ditto.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_args.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h: ditto.
-
-	* iseq.h: add iseq_compile_data::ci_index and
-	  iseq_compile_data::ci_kw_index.
-
-	* tool/instruction.rb: introduce TS_CALLCACHE operand type.
-
-Sun Sep 20 02:18:10 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/lib/envutil.rb: mkfifo command based File.mkfifo method
-	  definition removed.
-
-Fri Sep 18 20:11:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_mkfifo): implement File.mkfifo.
-	  [Feature #11536]
-
-Fri Sep 18 16:56:19 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* NEWS: add Net::FTP#mlst and Net::FTP#mlsd.
-
-Fri Sep 18 07:39:22 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c (obj_type): add IMEMO types to the heap
-	  dump information.
-
-Thu Sep 17 22:33:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk: fix command error with outside builddir.
-
-Thu Sep 17 17:42:09 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk: separated test for test-framework from test-all task.
-	  They should be invoke at first before tests of test-all.
-
-Thu Sep 17 12:05:54 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_dir.rb (TestDir#test_fileno): s/?x/"x"/. Don't
-	  use tricky code, please.
-
-Wed Sep 16 20:49:56 2015  Masaki Suketa  <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* encindex.h: fix typo of last #endif comment. [ci skip]
-
-Wed Sep 16 20:39:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (set_const_visibility): fail if the class/module is
-	  frozen.  [ruby-core:70828] [Bug #11532]
-
-Wed Sep 16 17:16:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (ENABLE_VM_OBJSPACE): enable per-VM object space on
-	  Windows by default, as rb_w32_sysinit() no longer depends on
-	  ruby_xmalloc.
-
-Wed Sep 16 15:08:17 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Strings): [DOC] Revise the character
-	  literal part.
-
-Wed Sep 16 14:55:33 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Strings): [DOC] Document the full list
-	  of supported escape sequences in string literals.
-
-Wed Sep 16 14:49:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_setbyte): keep the code range as possible.
-
-Wed Sep 16 13:23:48 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Strings): mention about ?a literal.
-
-Wed Sep 16 12:06:53 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): check pathtype once again by lstat(2) if
-	  dp->d_type is DT_UNKNOWN. XFS may return DT_UNKNOWN.
-
-Wed Sep 16 03:49:19 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_thread.rb (TestThread#test_mutex_synchronize):
-	  insert waste loop for invoking preemptive thread context switch.
-	  [Bug #11496]
-
-Tue Sep 15 19:38:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_objspace_alloc, rb_objspace_free): define always
-	  regardless ENABLE_VM_OBJSPACE, and free heap pages.
-
-Tue Sep 15 15:15:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_sysinit, rb_w32_readdir): compare by
-	  encoding index to get rid of encoding initialization before VM
-	  object space allocation.
-
-	* dir.c (fundamental_encoding_p, push_glob): compare by encoding
-	  index immediately.
-
-	* enc/{ascii,us_ascii,utf_8}.c: set encoding indexes of
-	  fundamental built-in encodings so that usable as well as
-	  allocated rb_encoding before rb_enc_init().
-
-	* encindex.h: separate encoding index constants from internal.h.
-
-Tue Sep 15 13:13:13 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang, rb_ary_sort): [DOC] correct block
-	  return values, which may be a negative or positive integer, not
-	  only -1 or +1.
-
-Tue Sep 15 12:49:10 2015  Jason Barnabe  <jason.barnabe@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang, rb_ary_sort): [DOC] Correct
-	  description of array sort block return values.  And also fix up
-	  the grammar a bit.  [Fix GH-1020]
-
-Tue Sep 15 12:44:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* util.c (ruby_qsort): use BSD-style qsort_r if available.
-
-Mon Sep 14 19:26:34 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (parse_mlsx_entry): parse pathnames including
-	  space correctly.
-
-Mon Sep 14 11:12:10 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc: [DOC] fix typo, "convertion" to
-	  "conversion".  [Fix GH-1016]
-
-Sun Sep 13 11:03:13 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: prefix RUBY or RB to global symbols to get
-	  rid of name conflicts with other headers.
-
-	* include/ruby/encoding.h, include/ruby/intern.h: ditto.
-
-Sun Sep 13 09:38:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (size, modify, create, type, unique, perm, lang,
-	  media_type, charset): new methods to return standard facts.
-
-Sat Sep 12 19:43:49 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_iseq_setup_normal): do not clear local
-	  variables here. vm_push_frame() clears.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_iseq_setup_tailcall): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_push_frame): move check code to
-	  vm_check_frame().
-
-	  Reorder initialization timing to reuse same values (sp).
-
-	* compile.c (rb_iseq_compile_node): use
-	  iseq_set_exception_local_table() for ISEQ_TYPE_DEFINED_GUARD.
-
-Sat Sep 12 23:06:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (file?, directory?, appendable?, creatable?,
-	  deletable?, enterable?, renamable?, listable?, directory_makable?,
-	  purgeable?, readable?, writable?): new methods.
-
-Sat Sep 12 21:27:22 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (FACT_PARSERS): support system dependent facts
-	  UNIX.mode, UNIX.owner, UNIX.group, UNIX.ctime, and UNIX.atime.
-
-Sat Sep 12 19:08:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_dup2): should return the new fd on
-	  success, while msvcrt returns 0 wrongly.
-
-Sat Sep 12 18:14:11 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (parse_mlsx_entry, mlst) raise an FTPProtoError
-	  when parsing failed.
-
-Sat Sep 12 18:00:35 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (TIME_PARSER): use "Z" instead of "+00:00" to
-	  get UTC time.  Thanks, Wilson Bilkovich.
-
-Sat Sep 12 17:55:24 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (mlst, mlsd): support new commands MLST and MLSD
-	  specified in RFC 3659.
-
-Sat Sep 12 16:14:31 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c: access()/eaccess() wrapping methods check more than just uid.
-	  [fix GH-1007][ci skip] Patch by @eam
-
-Sat Sep 12 16:07:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* README.md: improve markdown rendering for readability.
-	  [fix GH-1015][ci skip] Patch by @Matrixbirds
-
-Sat Sep 12 14:30:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (save_redirect_fd): make saved FDs close-on-exec not
-	  to be inherited.
-
-	* process.c (run_exec_dup2): restore close-on-exec flags too.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (fcntl): implement F_GETFD, F_SETFD, and
-	  F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC.
-
-Sat Sep 12 05:35:24 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* rational.c (string_to_r_strict): preserve encoding in exception
-
-Fri Sep 11 20:23:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_call_info_t::aux.opt_pc.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: introduce shortcut functions for opt_pc == 0
-	  because opt_pc is always 0 on shortcut function.
-
-Fri Sep 11 17:49:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c: disable ISeq.load. It enabled accidentally at r51794.
-
-Fri Sep 11 11:15:12 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (size, mdtm, system): parse responses according to
-	  RFC 959 and 3659, where reply codes must be followed by SP.
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (system): remove LF from the return value.
-
-Thu Sep 10 22:48:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (literal_concat_gen, evstr2dstr_gen): keep literal
-	  encoding beginning with an interpolation same as the source file
-	  encoding.  [ruby-core:70703] [Bug #11519]
-
-Thu Sep 10 22:15:51 2015  Joe Rafaniello  <jrafanie@redhat.com>
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_spawn): Be more specific regarding "other
-	  values" by having "non-zero positive integers" Add nil, the
-	  default value, as a possible value and what it means.
-
-	  Try to use more consistent language.
-	  [Fix GH-1008]
-
-Thu Sep 10 15:16:02 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (getmultiline): refactor.
-
-Thu Sep 10 12:17:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_build_from_ary_body): register cdhash to the
-	  iseq constant body instead of compile time mark array, not to
-	  get GCed.  [ruby-core:70708] [Feature #8543]
-
-Wed Sep  9 18:16:14 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/stub_specification.rb (Gem::StubSpecification#data):
-	  should not change the value of $. when `require`ing gems.
-	  this fixed test failures introduced by r51813.
-
-Wed Sep  9 16:55:45 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (usage, enable_option, disable_option, process_options): new
-	  option `--disable-did_you_mean`.
-
-	* gem_prelude.rb: now requires did_you_mean gem by default if available.
-
-Wed Sep  9 13:38:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/extlibs.rb (do_patch): let "patch" command change the
-	  working directory and open the patch file there, instead of
-	  spawn options, so that proper error message will be shown by the
-	  command not just "chdir" or "open".
-
-Wed Sep  9 11:33:05 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk (update-gems): use BASERUBY instead of RUNRUBY.
-
-Wed Sep  9 11:08:59 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/delegate.rb: Remove backtrace cleaning for delegated methods
-	  This patch was provided by Rafael Franca and greatly improves
-	  performance when an exception is raised. [Bug #11461]
-
-Wed Sep  9 10:05:41 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_config.rb: fix broken tests for Windows platform.
-
-Wed Sep  9 07:46:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems HEAD(fe61e4c112).
-	  this version contains new feature that warn invalid SPDX license
-	  identifiers. https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/1249
-	  and #1032, #1023, #1332, #1328, #1306, #1321, #1324
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Tue Sep  8 23:17:36 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0.beta2.
-
-Tue Sep  8 23:09:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_popen): do not wait the child process during being
-	  killed.  [ruby-core:70671] [Bug #11510]
-
-Tue Sep  8 22:18:04 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: revert because ruby trunk never be able to install
-	  the did_you_mean gem.  retry after enough test.
-
-Tue Sep  8 21:48:22 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: Automatically install the did_you_mean gem
-	  as a bundled gem.  [Feature #11252]
-
-Tue Sep  8 17:17:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_call_info_t::blockiseq.
-
-	* insns.def (send, invokesuper): pass blockiseq explicitly.
-
-	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_args.c: ditto.
-
-	* iseq.c (ISEQ_MINOR_VERSION): 2->3 because instruction spec was
-	  changed.
-
-Tue Sep  8 15:01:19 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (list): fetch all the lines before yielding a block
-	  to allow other commands in the block.  [Feature #11454]
-	  Patched by Srikanth Shreenivas.
-
-Tue Sep  8 12:05:00 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_read_reparse_point): return correct required
-	  buffer size for IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT.
-
-Tue Sep  8 00:14:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_execarg_parent_start1): raise with the target path
-	  name when open() failed.
-
-Mon Sep  7 23:45:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_exec_fail): raise with the target directory name
-	  when chdir() failed.  pointed out by sorah.
-
-Mon Sep  7 22:05:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (insert): should use plain strdup() instead of
-	  ruby_strdup() at startup time, and plain free()ed in cmdglob().
-
-Mon Sep  7 16:49:30 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_struct): define objspace always regardless
-	  ENABLE_VM_OBJSPACE.
-
-Mon Sep  7 15:54:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS): fix typo.
-	  TODO: make arguments of all CAS macros consistent.
-
-Sun Sep  6 16:07:22 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ccan/list/list.h: suppress unused argument warnings
-	  [ccan commit 6aaca17e07588997417a73fac19dcf0ff17ed81b]
-
-Sat Sep  5 11:39:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rss/rss.rb (Time#w3cdtf): fix zero-trimmed width of fraction
-	  digits.  [ruby-core:70667] [Bug #11509]
-
-Sat Sep  5 08:28:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_equal, rb_hash_eql): [DOC] the orders of each
-	  hashes are not compared.  [Bug #11508]
-
-Fri Sep  4 23:26:22 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/win32.h: fix macro name for VC runtime version,
-	  RT_VER is only in Makefile.
-
-Fri Sep  4 17:46:17 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/contributing.rdoc: fix configuration option.
-	  [ci skip] [fix GH-1009]
-
-Fri Sep  4 04:46:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_memsize): functions for wrapper object should have
-	  iseqw_ prefix.
-
-Thu Sep  3 21:12:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi/session.rb (create_new_id): use SHA512 instead of MD5.
-	  pointed out by SARWAR JAHAN.
-
-Thu Sep  3 20:29:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): iseq->body->location.first_lineno is Fixnum.
-
-Thu Sep  3 17:54:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (raise_method_missing): "names" should be singular.
-	  pointed out by Filip Bartuzi.
-
-Thu Sep  3 17:50:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): should support IMEMO/iseq.
-
-Thu Sep  3 10:07:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (raise_method_missing): refine error messages when a
-	  symbol is not given.  [Fix GH-1013]
-
-Wed Sep  2 18:49:55 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/*: merge psych master(8737e5b). It contains following fixes.
-	  https://github.com/tenderlove/psych/pull/242
-	  https://github.com/tenderlove/psych/pull/246 [ruby-list:50219]
-	* test/psych/*: ditto.
-
-Wed Sep  2 18:04:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h (GET_PC_COUNT): remove unused macro.
-
-Wed Sep  2 17:18:37 2015  Chris Schneider  <chris@christopher-schneider.com>
-
-	* process.c (proc_detach): [DOC] fix typo "intent" as "intend" in
-	  rdoc.  [Fix GH-1011]
-
-Wed Sep  2 16:58:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_realpath_internal): use filesystem encoding if the
-	  argument is in ASCII encodings.
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_readlink): needs the result encoding.
-
-Tue Sep  1 18:37:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: catch up last commit.
-
-Tue Sep  1 18:16:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* thread_sync.c (queue_do_close): ignore multiple close to allow
-	  multiple producers.
-	  https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10600#note-14
-
-Tue Sep  1 18:06:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* thread_tools.c: rename thread_tools.c to thread_sync.c.
-
-Mon Aug 31 17:04:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (move_refined_method): should insert a write barrier
-	  from an original class to a created (cloned) method entry.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: add a test.
-
-Sun Aug 30 02:42:22 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_method_tab): Only add SSLv3 support
-	  if the SSL library supports it.  Thanks Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>
-	  [Bug #11376]
-
-	* ext/openssl/extconf.rb: check for SSLv3 support in the SSL
-	  implementation.
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): Skip tests that need SSLv3
-	  if there is no support.
-
-Fri Aug 28 16:05:09 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rdoc/*: Update rdoc master(cfffed5)
-	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/337
-	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/367
-
-Fri Aug 28 10:16:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (hook_before_rewind): prevent kicking :return event while
-	  finishing vm_exec func because invoke_block_from_c() kick a :return
-	  event for bmethods.
-	  [Bug #11492]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add a test.
-
-Thu Aug 27 18:05:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb: use IO::NULL instead of '/dev/null'
-	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: ditto.
-
-Thu Aug 27 15:24:57 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_set_sequence): rename variable names
-	  to make it readable.
-
-Thu Aug 27 07:45:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* thread_tools.c: add Queue#close(exception=false) and
-	  SizedQueue#close(exception=false).
-	  [Feature #10600]
-
-	  Trying to deq from a closed empty queue return nil
-	  if exception parameter equals to false (default).
-
-	  If exception parameter is truthy, it raises
-	  ClosedQueueError (< StopIteration).
-	  ClosedQueueError inherits StopIteration so that you can write:
-
-	    loop{ e = q.deq; (using e) }
-
-	  Trying to close a closed queue raises ClosedQueueError.
-
-	  Blocking threads to wait deq for Queue and SizedQueue will be
-	  restarted immediately by returning nil (exception=false) or
-	  raising a ClosedQueueError (exception=true).
-
-	  Blocking threads to wait enq for SizedQueue will be
-	  restarted by raising a ClosedQueueError immediately.
-
-	  The above specification is not proposed specification, so that
-	  we need to continue discussion to conclude specification this
-	  method.
-
-	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: add tests originally written by
-	  John Anderson and modify detailed behavior.
-
-Wed Aug 26 10:52:02 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_memsearch_wchar, rb_memsearch_qchar): test matching
-	  till the end of string.  [ruby-core:70592] [Bug #11488]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_m17n.rb (test_include?, test_index): add tests by
-	  Tom Stuart.
-
-Wed Aug 26 09:26:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* id_table.c (list_table_extend, hash_table_extend): remove C99
-	  features.  [ruby-dev:49239] [Bug #11487]
-
-Tue Aug 25 06:34:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (w32_symlink): implement symlink().
-
-Mon Aug 24 16:01:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* encoding.c (rb_locale_encindex): find encoding index without
-	  making a string object every time.  [ruby-core:58160] [Bug #9080]
-
-Sat Aug 22 15:43:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (check_funcall_failed, check_funcall_missing): cache
-	  results of respond_to? and respond_to_missing?, and search a
-	  public method only for compatibility with rb_respond_to.
-
-Sat Aug 22 08:23:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/thread/thread.c: move definitions of Queue, SizedQueue
-	  and ConditionalVariables to thread_tools.c. In other words,
-	  such classes are built-in.
-	  [Feature #8919]
-
-	  At first, I planned to embed only a Queue class.
-	  However, rubygems requires 'thread.rb' (rubygems are
-	  required at first, when launch MRI without --disable-gems).
-	  So most of people require 'thread.rb' as an embedded library.
-
-	  Now, ext/thread/thread.c is empty, only for a dummy for
-	  compatibility.
-
-	* thread.c: move a definition of Mutex class to thread_tools.c.
-
-	  And define Mutex class under Thread (so now Mutex is Thread::Mutex).
-	  Because other thread related classes are also defined under Thread.
-	  We remain ::Mutex as Thread::Mutex. Only an inspect result is changed.
-
-	* common.mk: add dependency from thread.o to thread_tools.c.
-
-Sat Aug 22 05:31:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_opts.h, iseq.c, iseq.h: add compile option to force frozen
-	  string literals.
-	  [Feature #11473]
-
-	  This addition is not specification change, but to try frozen
-	  string literal world discussed on [Feature #11473].
-
-	  You can try frozen string literal world using this magical line:
-
-	    RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile_option =
-	      {frozen_string_literal: true}
-
-	  Note that this is a global compilation option, so that you need to
-	  compile another script like that:
-
-	    p 'foo'.frozen? #=> false
-	    RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile_option =
-	      {frozen_string_literal: true}
-	    p 'foo'.frozen? #=> false, because this line is already compiled.
-	    p eval("'foo'.frozen?") #=> true
-
-	  Details:
-	    * String literals are deduped by rb_fstring().
-	    * Dynamic string literals ("...#{xyz}...") is now only frozen,
-	      not deduped. Maybe you have other ideas.
-
-	  Now, please do not use this option on your productions :)
-	  Of course, current specification can be changed.
-
-	* compile.c: ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_iseq.rb: add a test.
-
-Sat Aug 22 02:53:12 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/*: update to Psych 2.0.14
-
-	* test/psych/*: ditto
-
-Fri Aug 21 19:58:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: add a new method ObjectSpace.count_symbols.
-	  [Feature #11158]
-
-	* symbol.c (rb_sym_immortal_count): added to count immortal symbols.
-
-	* symbol.h: ditto.
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: add a test for this method.
-
-	* NEWS: describe about this method.
-
-Fri Aug 21 19:48:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub ($(LIBRUBY_SO)): needs additional libraries
-	  for extension libraries to link statically.
-	  [ruby-core:70499] [Feature #9018]
-
-Fri Aug 21 18:49:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h, cont.c, vm_trace.c: add a new event
-	  fiber_switch. We need more discussion about this feature
-	  so that I don't write it on NEWS.
-	  [Feature #11348]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add tests.
-
-Fri Aug 21 17:32:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_invoke_block): we should not expect ci->argc is
-	  stable after invoking a block. [Bug #11451]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_yield.rb: add a test. This test script is given by
-	  Alex Dowad.
-
-Fri Aug 21 06:35:50 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl_session.rb: Fix tests so that they take in to
-	  account OpenSSL installations that have SSLv3 disabled by default.
-	  Thanks Jeremy Evans <code@jeremyevans.net> for the patches.
-	  [Bug #11366] [Bug #11367]
-
-Thu Aug 20 22:19:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c (basic_obj_respond_to): call respond_to_missing?
-	  only when redefined.  [ruby-core:70460] [Bug #11465]
-
-Thu Aug 20 14:13:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (check_funcall_respond_to): share the behavior with
-	  rb_obj_respond_to.  [ruby-core:70460] [Bug #11465]
-
-	* vm_method.c (vm_respond_to): extract from rb_obj_respond_to and
-	  merge r39881.
-
-Thu Aug 20 08:53:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_obj_respond_to): reuse found method entry
-	  instead of searching same entry repeatedly.
-
-Thu Aug 20 08:31:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename), win32/win32.c (opendir_internal):
-	  check reparse point tags and treat supported tags only as
-	  symbolic links.  [ruby-core:70454] [Bug #11462]
-
-Wed Aug 19 23:59:28 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): add OP_ALL to
-	  existing options rather than just setting it.  Some vendors apply
-	  custom patches to their versions of OpenSSL that set default values
-	  for options.  This commit respects the custom patches they've
-	  applied.
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): check that OP_ALL has been
-	  added to the options.
-
-Wed Aug 19 23:55:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_f_spawn): [DOC] elaborate environment variable
-	  values.  [ruby-core:70456] [Bug #11463]
-
-Wed Aug 19 23:48:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (winnt_lstat): check reparse point tags and treat
-	  supported tags only as symbolic links.
-	  [ruby-core:70454] [Bug #11462]
-
-Tue Aug 18 20:05:49 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (reserve_stack): ensure the memory is really
-	  allocated. [Bug #11457]
-
-Tue Aug 18 17:19:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (IS_BEG): include labeled argument state, which was
-	  EXPR_LABELARG.  [ruby-dev:49221] [Bug #11456]
-
-Tue Aug 18 16:16:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (RClass): define only in C, `__attribute__`
-	  between `struct` and the name can't compile with g++.
-	  [ruby-core:70297] [Bug #11426]
-
-Mon Aug 17 20:56:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y: fix syntax error at do-block after a conditional
-	  operator.  separate label-allowed and after-a-label states from
-	  others as bit flags.  [ruby-dev:48790] [Bug #10653]
-
-Mon Aug 17 11:57:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_each_codepoint): raise an exception at incomplete
-	  character before EOF when conversion takes place.  [Bug #11444]
-
-Sun Aug 16 17:33:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: update latest version of bundled gems.
-	  It includes minitest-5.8.0 and test-unit 3.1.3.
-
-Sun Aug 16 17:24:10 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): check if RCLASS_EXT is valid
-	  before marking. This fixes the following test failure
-	  introduced in r51126:
-
-	    make test-all TESTOPTS='--gc-stress ruby/test_refinement.rb'
-
-Sat Aug 15 10:51:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb (API#SetValue): data size should
-	  be in bytes, not in chars.  [ruby-core:70365] [Bug #11439]
-
-Sat Aug 15 10:15:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_each_codepoint): read more data when read partially.
-	  [ruby-core:70379] [Bug #11444]
-
-Sat Aug 15 04:33:39 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* hash.c (any_hash): skip rb_objid_hash for static syms
-	  (rb_num_hash_start): extract from rb_ident_hash
-	  (rb_objid_hash): call rb_num_hash_start
-	  (rb_ident_hash): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:70181] [Feature #11405]
-
-Sat Aug 15 04:16:13 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_mark): reduce NULL checks
-
-Fri Aug 14 18:50:57 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_VISI_SET): cast visi to int
-	  (METHOD_ENTRY_FLAGS_SET): ditto
-
-Fri Aug 14 18:43:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* process.c (close_unless_reserved): add extra check
-	  (dup2_with_divert): remove
-	  (redirect_dup2): use dup2 without divert
-	  (before_exec_non_async_signal_safe): adjust call + comment
-	  (rb_f_exec): stop timer thread for all OSes
-	  (rb_exec_without_timer_thread): remove
-	* eval.c (ruby_cleanup): adjust call
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_stop_timer_thread): always close pipes
-	* thread_pthread.c (struct timer_thread_pipe): add writing field,
-	  mark owner_process volatile for signal handlers
-	  (rb_thread_wakeup_timer_thread_fd): check valid FD
-	  (rb_thread_wakeup_timer_thread): set writing flag to prevent close
-	  (rb_thread_wakeup_timer_thread_low): ditto
-	  (CLOSE_INVALIDATE): new macro
-	  (close_invalidate): new function
-	  (close_communication_pipe): removed
-	  (setup_communication_pipe_internal): make errors non-fatal
-	  (setup_communication_pipe): ditto
-	  (thread_timer): close reading ends inside timer thread
-	  (rb_thread_create_timer_thread): make errors non-fatal
-	  (native_stop_timer_thread): close write ends only, always,
-	   wait for signal handlers to finish
-	  (rb_divert_reserved_fd): remove
-	* thread_win32.c (native_stop_timer_thread): adjust (untested)
-	  (rb_divert_reserved_fd): remove
-	* vm_core.h: adjust prototype
-	  [ruby-core:70386] [Bug #11336]
-
-Fri Aug 14 18:40:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb (API#SetValue): add terminator
-	  size, not 1 byte.  [ruby-core:70365] [Bug #11439]
-
-Thu Aug 13 22:49:42 2015  Juanito Fatas  <katehuang0320@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/timeout.rb (Timeout#timeout): freeze a string message to
-	  reduce string allocations.  [Fix GH-996]
-
-Thu Aug 13 17:42:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_call_info_kw_arg_bytes): move the definition
-	  to iseq.h because this function is shared with iseq.c and compile.c.
-
-Thu Aug 13 14:36:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c (rb_num_to_dbl): move from num2dbl_with_to_f in math.c.
-
-Thu Aug 13 09:01:25 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* load.c (features_index_add): avoid repeat calculation
-
-Wed Aug 12 21:57:31 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* id_table.c: IMPL() macro accept op as _opname instead of opname
-	  because jemalloc seems to replace the word `free' to `je_free'.
-
-Wed Aug 12 21:51:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* id_table.c (mix_id_table_insert): fix memory leak.
-
-Wed Aug 12 21:17:38 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_memsize): reimplement for wrapper
-	  (param_keyword_size): extracted from iseq_memsize
-	  (iseqw_mark): new mark function
-	  (iseqw_data_type): new data type
-	  (iseqw_new): wrap as iseqw_data_type
-	  (iseqw_check): adjust for wrapper
-	  (Init_ISeq): remove iseqw_iseq_key initialization
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: new test
-	  [ruby-core:70344] [Feature #11435]
-
-Wed Aug 12 21:15:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_call_info_kw_arg_bytes): extract from compile.c
-	* compile.c (iseq_build_callinfo_from_hash): use above function
-
-Wed Aug 12 18:00:17 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (move_refined_method): same as the last commit.
-
-Wed Aug 12 17:57:53 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c, gc.c vm.c: use ID_TABLE_* instead of ST_*
-	  (such as ST_CONTINUE) for enum rb_id_table_iterator_result.
-
-Wed Aug 12 17:05:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* id_table.h: introduce ID key table.
-	  [Feature #11420]
-
-	  This table only manage ID->VALUE table to reduce overhead of st.
-
-	  Some functions prefixed rb_id_table_* are provided.
-
-	* id_table.c: implement rb_id_table_*.
-
-	  There are several algorithms to implement it.
-
-	  Now, there are roughly 4 types:
-
-	    * st
-	    * array
-	    * hash (implemented by  Yura Sokolov)
-	    * mix of array and hash
-
-	  The macro ID_TABLE_IMPL can choose implementation.
-	  You can see detailes about them at the head of id_table.c.
-
-	  At the default, I choose 34 (mix of list and hash).
-	  This is not final decision.
-	  Please report your suitable parameters or
-	  your data structure.
-
-	  * symbol.c: introduce rb_id_serial_t and rb_id_to_serial()
-	    to represent ID by serial number.
-
-	  * internal.h: use id_table for method tables.
-
-	  * class.c, gc.c, marshal.c, vm.c, vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Aug 12 05:19:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* parse.y (rb_parser_compile_cstr): remove volatile arg
-	  (rb_parser_compile_string): ditto
-	  (rb_parser_compile_file): ditto
-	  (rb_parser_compile_string_path): ditto
-	  (rb_parser_compile_file_path): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:70323] [Misc #11431]
-
-Tue Aug 11 22:59:57 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (Init_Numeric): Fix document for Float::MIN and
-	  Float::EPSILON.
-
-Tue Aug 11 15:22:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (ALLOCV_N): check integer overflow, as well
-	  as ruby_xmalloc2.  pointed out by Paul <pawlkt AT gmail.com>.
-
-Tue Aug 11 14:57:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_repeated_permutation): fix buffer size, ALLOCV_N
-	  already multiplies element size.
-
-Tue Aug 11 12:13:20 2015  Jeremy Evans  <merch-redmine@jeremyevans.net>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: Fix LocalJumpErrors being raised
-	  in OpenSSL tests. [ruby-core:70020][Bug #11368]
-
-Tue Aug 11 11:54:13 2015  Alexey Lipnyagov  <liptonshmidt@gmail.com>
-
-	* string.c: Fix documentation for String#slice
-	  [ruby-core:70298][Bug #11427]
-
-Tue Aug 11 11:53:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (superclass): make superclass rule optional and allow
-	  any contents without a terminator.  [EXPERIMENTAL]
-
-Tue Aug 11 10:58:42 2015  Juanito Fatas  <juanitofatas@gmail.com>
-
-	* string.c: [DOC] Make #end_with? example doc symmetry
-	  with #start_with? [fix GH-992][ci skip]
-
-Tue Aug 11 10:51:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_array.rb: Add test for `Array#flatten` with level 1
-	  [fix GH-986] Patch @yui-knk
-
-Tue Aug 11 10:48:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c: added doc for Enumerable#zip
-	  [fix GH-985] Patch by @yui-knk
-	* test/ruby/test_enum.rb: added tests for Enumerable#zip
-	  [fix GH-985] Patch @yui-knk
-
-Tue Aug 11 10:33:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c: typo fix [fix GH-993][ci skip] Patch by @0x0dea
-	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Aug  9 14:15:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm.c (Init_vm_objects, rb_vm_fstring_table): use frozen_strings
-	  table in rb_vm_t.  [ruby-core:70274] [Bug #11423]
-
-Sat Aug  8 03:59:51 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* object.c: [DOC] Improve grammar for Module#===
-	  Patch by @SkyBirdSoar in documenting-ruby/ruby#52:
-	  https://github.com/documenting-ruby/ruby/pull/52
-
-Sat Aug  8 03:39:33 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c: [DOC] Improve description of symbol key syntax
-	  Patch by Raphael Das Gupta in documenting-ruby/ruby#51:
-	  https://github.com/documenting-ruby/ruby/pull/51
-
-Fri Aug  7 21:04:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_params): turn in_def and in_single into bit
-	  flags and reduce the size by 2-words.
-
-	* parse.y (parser_params): remove redundant prefixes.
-
-	* parse.y (yylex): non-pure parser has not been supported since
-	  merger of ripper.  change argument types from void pointers.
-
-Fri Aug  7 17:07:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (method_super_method): uncallable method entry does not
-	  have the defined class, use the owner instead.
-	  [ruby-core:70254] [Bug #11419]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb (test_super_method_unbound): add test
-	  by Akira Matsuda.
-
-Thu Aug  6 10:49:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* node.c (rb_alloc_tmp_buffer): round up the size and check the
-	  range.
-
-	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE, ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS): add
-	  atomic operations for VALUE.
-
-Thu Aug  6 08:15:49 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move
-	  SSLSocket#sysclose to Ruby.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_close): ditto
-
-Thu Aug  6 07:57:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move nonblock
-	  enable to SSLSocket#initialize and remove Nonblock module.
-
-Thu Aug  6 07:53:47 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move
-	  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket#initialize to Ruby.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: ditto
-
-Thu Aug  6 02:25:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* node.c (rb_alloc_tmp_buffer): use NODE_ALLOCA to mark locations
-	  like as builtin alloca.  [ruby-core:70251] [Bug #11418]
-
-Wed Aug  5 14:37:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* transcode.c (rb_econv_open0): rb_econv_t::source_encoding_name
-	  and rb_econv_t::destination_encoding_name should refer static
-	  strings always or NULL.  [ruby-core:70247] [Bug #11416]
-
-Tue Aug  4 16:53:43 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): extract callback
-	  lookup to private Ruby methods. This means we can keep the default
-	  DH callback logic hidden from consumers.  Also, since the SSLSocket
-	  always has a context, we can remove conditionals about that
-	  instance.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: move callback lookup methods to private Ruby
-	  methods.
-
-Tue Aug  4 16:40:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: should not expect a method table ordering.
-	  [Feature #11414]
-
-Tue Aug 04 15:30:04 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_block_clear_env_self): clear by Qfalse instead of Qnil.
-	  [Bug #11409]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_eval.rb: add tests for this issue,
-	  written by @0x0dea.
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/988
-
-Tue Aug  4 12:12:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c: wrap long lines
-
-Tue Aug  4 09:32:30 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c: Removing duplicate doc [fix GH-987][ci skip]
-	  Patch by @ronakjangir47
-
-Tue Aug  4 09:21:58 2015  Richard Schneeman  <richard.schneeman+foo@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/contributing.rdoc: fixed wrong instructions with OS X
-	  [fix GH-989][ci skip] Patch by @schneems
-
-Mon Aug  3 10:08:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (rb_memsearch): should match only char boundaries in wide
-	  character encodings.  [ruby-core:70220] [Bug #11413]
-
-Sun Aug  2 07:01:17 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/buffering.rb (gets):
-	  avoid comparing fixnum with nil
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: test gets with limit when EOF is hit
-	  Thanks to Bar Hofesh <bar.hofesh@safe-t.com> for the bug report
-	  and testing.
-	  [ruby-core:70149] [Bug #11400]
-
-Sat Aug  1 17:13:15 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http/response.rb (Net::HTTPResponse::Inflater#finish):
-	  fix a bug that empty gzipped response body causes Zlib::BufError.
-	  [ruby-core:68846] [Bug #11058]
-
-	* test/net/http/test_httpresponse.rb: tests for the above.
-
-Sat Aug  1 17:05:18 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* lib/net/http/response.rb (Net::HTTPResponse#inflater):
-	  fix TypeError. An exception object might be nil.
-	  [ruby-core:68846] [Bug #11058]
-
-Sat Aug  1 09:09:46 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_sslctx_setup): Implement
-	  SSLContext#options and options= using SSL_CTX_set_options and
-	  SSL_CTX_get_options. This reduces the number of ivars we need and
-	  simplifies `ossl_sslctx_setup`.
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): Default `options`
-	  to SSL_OP_ALL
-
-Sat Aug  1 06:54:36 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): OpenSSL declares these
-	  constants as longs, so we should follow that and use LONG2NUM.
-	  https://github.com/openssl/openssl/blob/34750dc25d74e3db4c1ba43cd219d3f4825e4c65/include/openssl/ssl.h#L391
-
-Sat Aug  1 04:06:29 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_dh_callback): change callback
-	  to return the Ruby dh (or ecdh) object that the caller cares about
-	  instead of doing rb_iv_get / set to communicate.  This means we can
-	  remove an rb_iv_get call, and only use the set calls for their
-	  intended purpose (to prevent the object from being GC'd).
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_dh_callback): ditto
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_ecdh_callback): ditto
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_ecdh_callback): ditto
-
-Sat Aug  1 03:49:31 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_dh_callback): Similarly to the
-	  tmp_ecdh_callback, the SSLSocket instance always holds a reference
-	  to the SSLContext object (it's always set in `initialize`).  The
-	  SSLContext holds a reference to the tmp_dh_callback.  Ask the
-	  context for the callback instead of storing the callback in two
-	  places.
-
-Sat Aug  1 03:43:10 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_dh_callback): create an array
-	  and use `rb_apply` to clean up calls to `rb_protect`.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_dh_callback): ditto
-
-Sat Aug  1 03:27:12 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_ecdh_callback): The SSL socket
-	  always holds a reference to the SSLContext object, which will have
-	  the callback object.  Ask the context for the callback instead of
-	  storing the callback in two places.
-
-Sat Aug  1 03:14:07 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): convert
-	  `tmp_dh_callback` to Ruby, and call it when setting up an SSL
-	  connection.  This allows us to move the "default" behavior to the
-	  reader method.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: call the tmp_dh_callback instead of
-	  accessing the SSLContext's internals.
-
-Fri Jul 31 23:34:27 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* .travis.yml: update libssl before running tests.
-	  Thanks to Chris Sinjakli <chris@sinjakli.co.uk> for figuring out the
-	  travis settings!
-
-Fri Jul 31 21:34:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* load.c (rb_require_internal): use rb_load_internal0 not to raise
-	  a exception to be caught.
-
-Thu Jul 30 13:19:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_const_get_0): warn deprecated constant reference.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_mod_deprecate_constant): mark constants to be
-	  warned as deprecated.  [Feature #11398]
-
-Thu Jul 30 11:53:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_s_handle_interrupt): make identity hash, to
-	  compare masking classes just by their IDs.
-
-Thu Jul 30 11:52:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): stop separating exits at loading
-	  from exits from execution.  TAG_FATAL is the only case that
-	  `errinfo` is a Fixnum, and should continue to exit by JUMP_TAG
-	  but not raising as an ordinary exception.
-	  [ruby-core:70169] [Bug #11404]
-
-Thu Jul 30 10:42:27 2015  Alex Dowad  <alexinbeijing@gmail.com>
-
-	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): extra check before returning
-	  TAG_RAISE when a non-local transfer of control happens while
-	  loading and parsing a Ruby source file.
-	  [ruby-core:70169] [Bug #11404]
-
-Thu Jul 30 08:48:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* st.c (find_entry): constify st_table*
-	  (find_packed_index_from): ditto
-	  (find_packed_index): ditto
-	  (get_keys): ditto
-	  (get_values): ditto
-
-Thu Jul 30 04:29:25 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_dsym.rb: new benchmark
-	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_dsym_long.rb: ditto
-	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_fix.rb: ditto
-
-Wed Jul 29 21:38:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (any_hash), symbol.c (dsymbol_alloc): fix dynamic symbol
-	  hash value by restricting in Fixnum range, that is `long`.
-
-Wed Jul 29 17:25:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_obj_hash): move in order to share with rb_any_hash.
-
-Wed Jul 29 16:00:22 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (str_buf_cat): consider empty non-embed string case,
-	  not to loop infinitely.  [ruby-core:70074] [Bug #11383]
-
-Wed Jul 29 15:25:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (send_internal): set method_missing_reason before
-	  invoking overriding method_missing method so that the default
-	  method_missing can achieve it properly.
-	  [ruby-core:68515] [Bug #10969]
-
-Wed Jul 29 14:54:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_sym_hash): return same value as rb_any_hash() of
-	  Symbol.  [Bug #9381]
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): fix Float hash.  rb_dbl_hash() returns a
-	  Fixnum, but not a long.  [Bug #9381]
-
-Wed Jul 29 11:07:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* internal.h (LIKELY, UNLIKELY): make a boolean to enforce 1 or 0.
-
-Wed Jul 29 10:44:43 2015  Alex Dowad  <alexinbeijing@gmail.com>
-
-	* gc.c: document argument passed to finalizer proc.
-	  [fix GH-976][ci skip] Patch by @alexdowad
-
-Wed Jul 29 10:36:58 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_extract_modeenc): add option parameter `flags'
-	  to append extra oflags to normal mode.
-	  [Feature #11253] [ruby-core:69539]
-
-Wed Jul 29 04:54:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_remote_fetcher.rb: pre-generate test key
-	  [ruby-core:70151] [Bug #11397]
-
-Tue Jul 28 10:32:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* internal.h (struct RClass): moved from ruby/ruby.h to hide the
-	  internals.
-
-Tue Jul 28 08:48:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE): attribute declaration for
-	  types.
-
-Tue Jul 28 07:23:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* symbol.h (struct RSymbol): add hashval field
-	* symbol.c (dsymbol_alloc): setup hashval field once
-	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): return RSymbol->hashval directly
-	* common.mk: hash.o depends on symbol.h
-	  Thanks to Bruno Escherl <bruno@escherl.net> for the bug report
-	  [ruby-core:70129] [Bug #11396]
-
-Tue Jul 28 03:26:15 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): raise a more
-	  helpful exception when verifying the peer connection and an
-	  anonymous cipher has been selected. [ruby-core:68330] [Bug #10910]
-	  Thanks to Chris Sinjakli <chris@sinjakli.co.uk> for the patch.
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): test for change
-
-Mon Jul 27 13:24:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* template/id.h.tmpl (ID2ATTRSET): remove an unused macro.
-
-Mon Jul 27 12:21:15 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: run tests on non-Unix platforms.
-
-Sun Jul 26 19:21:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_alpn_protocol): fix condition
-	  to compile, needs ALPN to be available.  [Feature #9390]
-
-Sun Jul 26 11:29:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* signal.c (default_handler, Init_signal): discard SIGSYS, ENOSYS
-	  should raise a SystemCallError always instead.
-
-Sun Jul 26 10:26:35 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_servername_cb): set the ssl context
-	  object returned by the servername callback on to the socket as an
-	  instance variable.  If the callback allocated a new context object
-	  and didn't keep a reference to it, it could be GC'd out from under
-	  the socket object.
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): test for change.
-
-Sun Jul 26 10:07:26 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): add test coverage around
-	  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#servername_cb
-
-Sun Jul 26 09:10:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: update latest version of bundled power_assert.
-
-Sun Jul 26 08:49:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_remote_fetcher.rb: backport rubygems upstream
-	  change for OpenSSL key length. see detail to
-	  https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/1290
-
-Sun Jul 26 08:33:03 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/pkey.rb: implement DEFAULT_512 and
-	  DEFAULT_1024 constants in Ruby.
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): Ask PKey for the
-	  default DH callback since it already must check whether openssl has
-	  been compiled with DH support.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (OSSL_PKEY_BN): Remove C definitions of
-	  DEFAULT_512 and DEFAULT_1024
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (Init_ossl_dh): ditto
-
-	* test/openssl/test_pkey_dh.rb (class OpenSSL): add test to ensure the
-	  Ruby definitions are the same as the C definitions were.
-
-Sun Jul 26 08:14:59 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): support
-	  specifically setting the tmp_dh_callback to nil.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): ditto
-
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb (module OpenSSL): add a test
-
-Sun Jul 26 07:47:14 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move the default
-	  tmp_dh_callback Ruby code and set it as a default in `initialize`.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (static unsigned char DEFAULT_DH_512_GEN):
-	  move this constant to Ruby.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (static unsigned char DEFAULT_DH_1024_GEN):
-	  ditto
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (Init_ossl_dh): ditto
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_dh_callback): ditto
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_sslctx_setup): tmp_dh_callback should
-	  always be set, so we can remove this conditional
-
-Sun Jul 26 06:22:24 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: add a test ensuring that the default DH
-	  callback is used when no DH callback is specified.
-
-Sun Jul 26 04:08:27 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): add missing
-	  instance variables to squash warnings with alpn.
-
-Sun Jul 26 03:42:19 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move
-	  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#initialize implementation to pure Ruby.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_sslctx_initialize): ditto
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): ditto
-
-Sat Jul 25 21:03:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): get rid of blocking when
-	  no entropy is available.  based on the patch by mame in
-	  [ruby-core:70114].  [Bug #11395]
-
-Sat Jul 25 11:05:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (str_replace_shared_without_enc): fill the terminator
-	  of embedded strings in wide char encodings.
-
-Sat Jul 25 06:38:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: size should be unsigned.
-	  * rb_call_info_t::index
-	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::stack_max
-	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::local_size
-	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::param::size
-	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::local_table_size
-	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::is_size
-	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::callinfo_size
-
-	* iseq.h: same for iseq_catch_table::size.
-
-	* compile.c: catch up these fix.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* proc.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_args.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-Sat Jul 25 06:00:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::line_info_table.
-
-	* iseq.c: catch up this fix.
-
-Sat Jul 25 05:56:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::param::opt_table and
-	  rb_iseq_constant_body::param::keyword.
-
-	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
-
-Sat Jul 25 04:47:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::catch_table.
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_set_exception_table): catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_exec): ditto.
-
-Fri Jul 24 21:29:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* st.c (EQUAL, st_delete_safe): fix arguments order to compare
-	  function, searching key is the first and stored key is the
-	  second always.
-
-Fri Jul 24 21:27:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (fstr_update_callback): fstring must not be a shared
-	  string, or the content without RSTRING_FSTR may be freed.
-	  [ruby-dev:49188] [Bug #11386]
-
-Fri Jul 24 20:09:43 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb (RingIPv6#prepare_ipv6): prevent to use
-	  IPv6 loopback interface for
-	  Rinda::TestRingFinger#test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast and
-	  Rinda::TestRingFinger#test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast_hops.
-	  The tests are skipped if there are no IPv6 devices other than the
-	  loopback device. [Bug #11394] [ruby-dev:49199]
-
-	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb (test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast): ditto
-	  for Rinda::TestRingServer#test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast.
-
-	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb (test_ring_server_ipv6_multicast): ditto
-	  for Rinda::TestRingServer#test_ring_server_ipv6_multicast.
-
-Fri Jul 24 16:35:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (fstr_update_callback): pool bare strings only.
-
-	* string.c (rb_fstring): return the original string with sharing a
-	  fstring if it has extra attributes, not the fstring itself.
-	  [ruby-dev:49188] [Bug #11386]
-
-Fri Jul 24 16:35:34 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_s_extname): [DOC] add an example.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_path.rb (test_extname): add tests.  [Fix GH-978]
-	  * path starts with dot ('.a.rb')
-	  * path includes dir name ('a/b/d/test.rb')
-	  * path includes dir name and dir name starts with dot
-	    ('.a/b/d/test.rb')
-
-Thu Jul 23 18:50:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::local_table and
-	  rb_iseq_param_keyword::table and
-	  rb_iseq_param_keyword::default_values.
-
-	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Jul 23 17:30:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::iseq_encoded and
-	  rb_control_frame_t::pc.
-
-	* compile.c (rb_iseq_translate_threaded_code): catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_exec.c (vm_exec_core): ditto.
-
-Thu Jul 23 10:25:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: add raw FL macros, which assume always the
-	  argument object is not a special constant.
-
-	* internal.h (STR_EMBED_P, STR_SHARED_P): valid only for T_STRING.
-
-	* string.c: deal with taint flags directly across String instances.
-
-Thu Jul 23 09:05:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (lambda_body): pop cmdarg stack for lookahead
-	  token.  [ruby-core:70067] [Bug #11380]
-
-Thu Jul 23 04:03:03 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: fix tests by not setting the instance
-	  variable on the frozen ssl instance.
-
-Thu Jul 23 03:32:26 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: add ECDH callback support. [Feature #11356]
-
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: test for ECDH callback support
-
-Thu Jul 23 03:29:49 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: add ALPN support. [Feature #9390]
-
-	* ext/openssl/extconf.rb: detect ALPN support in OpenSSL
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: test for ALPN
-
-Wed Jul 22 23:44:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_reverse): reversed string is not a substring,
-	  and should not set coderange of the original string.
-	  [ruby-dev:49189] [Bug #11387]
-
-Wed Jul 22 20:17:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: modify layout of rb_iseq_constant_body.
-
-	  Move frequent accessing fields to upper part.
-
-Wed Jul 22 19:57:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove unused declaration of
-	  iseq_compile_data_ensure_node_stack.
-
-Wed Jul 22 19:52:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: separate rb_iseq_body into rb_iseq_constant_body and
-	  rb_iseq_variable_body (rb_iseq_t::variable_body).
-
-	  rb_iseq_variable_body can be modified after compilation.
-
-	* compile.c: use rb_iseq_t::variable_body.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* thread.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Jul 22 17:50:35 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/matrix/eigenvalue_decomposition.rb: refine code style.
-	  [fix GH-959][ci skip] Patch by @bogdanvlviv
-
-Wed Jul 22 15:48:47 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_range.rb: Add test case for Range#end with
-	  exclude_end true case. [fix GH-968] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Wed Jul 22 09:45:31 2015  Maksim Sitnikov  <sitnikovme@undev.ru>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_coerce): [DOC] fix doc for Numeric#coerce,
-	  missing '+'.  [Fix GH-974]
-
-Wed Jul 22 07:24:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* make rb_iseq_t T_IMEMO object (type is imemo_iseq).
-
-	  All contents of previous rb_iseq_t is in rb_iseq_t::body.
-	  Remove rb_iseq_t::self because rb_iseq_t is an object.
-
-	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence is wrapper object points T_IMEMO/iseq.
-	  So RubyVM::ISeq.of(something) method returns different wrapper
-	  objects but they point the same T_IMEMO/iseq object.
-
-	  This patch is big, but most of difference is replacement of
-	  iseq->xxx to iseq->body->xxx.
-
-	  (previous) rb_iseq_t::compile_data is also located to
-	  rb_iseq_t::compile_data.
-	  It was moved from rb_iseq_body::compile_data.
-
-	  Now rb_iseq_t has empty two pointers.
-	  I will split rb_iseq_body data into static data and dynamic data.
-
-	* compile.c: rename some functions/macros.
-	  Now, we don't need to separate iseq and iseqval (only VALUE).
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_exec_internal): `n' is rb_iseq_t (T_IMEMO/iseq).
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (count_imemo_objects): count T_IMEMO/iseq.
-
-	* gc.c: check T_IMEMO/iseq.
-
-	* internal.h: add imemo_type::imemo_iseq.
-
-	* iseq.c: define RubyVM::InstructionSequence as T_OBJECT.
-	  Methods are implemented by functions named iseqw_....
-
-	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): rb_iseq_new_top() returns
-	  rb_iseq_t (T_IMEMO/iesq).
-
-	* method.h (rb_add_method_iseq): accept rb_iseq_t (T_IMEMO/iseq).
-
-	* vm_core.h (GetISeqPtr): removed because it is not T_DATA now.
-
-	* vm_core.h (struct rb_iseq_body): remove padding for
-	  [Bug #10037][ruby-core:63721].
-
-Wed Jul 22 07:15:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (total_i): no need to skip singleton classes.
-
-Wed Jul 22 06:37:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_call_info_t::kw_arg,
-	  rb_control_frame_t::iseq and rb_control_frame_t::block_iseq.
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_free): catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Jul 22 06:25:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_call_info_t::blockiseq and rb_block_t::iseq.
-
-	* vm.c, vm_insnhelper.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_data_to_ary): constify the first iseq parameter.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_make_proc_with_iseq): ditto.
-
-Wed Jul 22 06:17:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: constify rb_method_iseq_t::iseqptr.
-
-	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_min_max_arity): catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (def_iseq_ptr): constify.
-
-Wed Jul 22 03:37:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (internal_object_p): Now a singleton classes appear by
-	  ObjectSpace.each_object. [Bug #11360]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_objectspace.rb: add a test about it.
-
-Tue Jul 21 21:21:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (do_select): replace switch and goto with a loop to
-	  suppress maybe-uninitialized warnings by gcc6.
-
-	* thread.c (set_unblock_function, rb_wait_for_single_fd): ditto.
-
-Tue Jul 21 20:32:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_range.rb: Add test for Range#hash
-	  [fix GH-969] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Tue Jul 21 19:43:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* compile.c: constify the first parameter (iseq).
-	  * iseq_add_mark_object()
-	  * iseq_add_mark_object_compile_time()
-
-	* iseq.c, iseq.h (rb_iseq_add_mark_object): ditto.
-
-Tue Jul 21 16:18:48 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: increase buffer sizes
-	  to OpenBSD limits. Thanks to Jeremy Evans <code@jeremyevans.net>
-	  [ruby-core:70058]
-
-Tue Jul 21 16:08:53 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* load.c (ruby_dln_librefs): make static
-
-Tue Jul 21 13:36:54 2015  yuuji.yaginuma  <yuuji.yaginuma@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb (complete): [DOC] fix typo.  [Fix GH-973]
-
-Tue Jul 21 05:20:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* io.c (nogvl_wait_for_single_fd): new function for Linux
-	  (maygvl_copy_stream_wait_read): Linux-specific version
-	  (nogvl_copy_stream_wait_write): use nogvl_wait_for_single_fd
-	  [ruby-core:70051] [Feature #11377]
-
-Mon Jul 20 15:04:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parser_initialize): avoid redundant zero-ing
-
-Mon Jul 20 12:12:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* parse.y (struct parser_params): pack: 88 => 256 bytes on 64-bit
-	  [ruby-core:70034] [Feature #11371]
-
-Sun Jul 19 14:29:18 2015  windwiny  <windwiny.ubt@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c: [DOC] fix example typo, an old name at move from
-	  PTY.open.  [Fix GH-972]
-
-Sat Jul 18 21:29:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (vm_check_ints_blocking): gather common statements at
-	  the end, and prefer LIKELY for Visual C optimization.
-
-Sat Jul 18 20:44:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): do not raise any exceptions but
-	  return the result tag state.
-
-	* load.c (rb_load_protect): reduce nested EXEC_TAGs.
-
-Sat Jul 18 19:52:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (run_finalizer): set and restore safe level here to reduce
-	  nested EXEC_TAGs.
-
-Sat Jul 18 18:45:22 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_cleanup): error_handle() returns exit status to the
-	  system, not internal error state, do not convert the exit status
-	  again.
-
-Sat Jul 18 10:29:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: test thread+sigs work after failed exec
-
-Sat Jul 18 07:20:18 2015  Jeremy Evans  <code@jeremyevans.net>
-
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock: use smaller buffer for sendmsg
-	  [ruby-core:70016] [Bug #11364]
-
-Sat Jul 18 07:04:24 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* signal.c (trap_handler): cleanup to use RSTRING_GETMEM + memcmp
-
-Sat Jul 18 02:53:06 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* io.c (argf_read_nonblock): support `exception: false'
-	  (io_nonblock_eof): new function
-	  (io_read_nonblock): use io_nonblock_eof
-	  (argf_getpartial): accept kwargs hash for `exception: false'
-	* test/ruby/test_argf.rb (test_read_nonblock): new test
-	* NEWS: add item for ARGF.read_nonblock
-	  [ruby-core:70000] [Feature #11358]
-
-Fri Jul 17 23:51:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): $SAFE=4 has been deprecated.
-
-Fri Jul 17 22:18:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): use enum ruby_tag_type names.
-
-	* vm_core.h (ruby_tag_type): move from eval_intern.h for compiling
-	  break/next/redo/return.
-
-Fri Jul 17 15:39:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/encoding.h (ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P): predicate that
-	  tells if the coderange is clean, that is 7bit or valid, and no
-	  needs to scrub.
-
-	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): use ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P.
-
-	* string.c (enc_strlen, rb_enc_cr_str_buf_cat, rb_str_scrub):
-	  ditto.
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_enumerate_chars): ditto, and suppress a warning
-	  by gcc6.
-
-Fri Jul 17 15:36:52 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_range.rb (test_first_last): Add test for
-	  `Range.new`.  [Fix GH-971]
-
-Fri Jul 17 15:36:40 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_range.rb (test_first_last): Add assertions to
-	  test of `Range#last` with exclude_end true case.  [Fix GH-970]
-
-Fri Jul 17 09:59:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_alone): simplify
-
-Fri Jul 17 09:58:32 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/rinda/tuplespace.rb: remove enumerator require
-	* test/pathname/test_pathname.rb: ditto
-
-Fri Jul 17 05:33:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_compile_with_option): reuse result of previous
-	  GET_THREAD() call
-	* thread.c (thread_create_core): ditto
-	  (rb_mutex_trylock): ditto
-	  (rb_mutex_lock): ditto
-	* process.c (rb_waitpid): avoid multiple eval from RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_check_ints): ditto
-
-Thu Jul 16 19:12:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* thread.c (mutex_alloc): remove needless volatile
-
-Thu Jul 16 22:05:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_t::parent_iseq.
-
-	  rb_iseq_t::local_iseq is not constant data because
-	  local_iseq::flip_cnt can be modified (commented).
-
-	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Jul 16 21:47:47 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* process.c (redirect_dup2): when the new FD of dup2() conflicts
-	  with one of the timer thread FDs, the internal FD is diverted.
-	  [Bug #11336] [ruby-core:69886] [Bug #11350] [ruby-core:69961]
-
-	* process.c (dup2_with_divert): new function for the above purpose.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (rb_divert_reserved_fd): new function for
-	  diverting reserved FD. If the given FD is the same as one of the
-	  reserved FDs, the reserved FD number is internally changed.
-	  It returns -1 when error. Otherwise, returns 0. It also returns
-	  0 if there is no need to change reserved FD number.
-
-	* thread_win32.c (rb_divert_reserved_fd): always returns 0 because
-	  of no reserved FDs.
-
-	* internal.h (rb_divert_reserved_fd): prototype declaration.
-	  It is Ruby internal use only.
-
-Thu Jul 16 21:47:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_disasm): rename rb_iseq_t *iseqdat to iseq
-	  and VALUE *iseq to code.
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_disasm_insn): ditto.
-
-Thu Jul 16 14:34:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm.c (REWIND_CFP): keep the arguments region inside the valid
-	  value stack.  [ruby-core:69969] [Bug #11352]
-
-Thu Jul 16 11:38:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* process.c (close_unless_reserved): declare type of `fd' arg
-
-Thu Jul 16 08:47:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* load.c (rb_construct_expanded_load_path): fstring expanded path
-	  (get_loaded_features_index): fstring feature path
-	  (rb_provide_feature): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69871] [Feature #11331]
-
-Thu Jul 16 02:56:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* thread.c (thread_initialize): avoid RSTRING_PTR and NUMT2INT
-
-Thu Jul 16 01:00:46 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb (test_exec_close_reserved_fd): test for
-	  [Bug #11353]
-
-Thu Jul 16 00:35:42 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* .gitignore: ignore version.i.
-
-Wed Jul 15 23:40:32 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb (test_deadlock_by_signal_at_forking):
-	  use RUBY (= EnvUtil.rubybin)
-
-Wed Jul 15 23:01:22 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* process.c (redirect_close, parent_redirect_close): should not close
-	  reserved FD. It should be closed in the exec system call due to the
-	  O_CLOEXEC or FD_CLOEXEC flag. [Bug #11353] [ruby-core:69977]
-
-	* process.c (close_unless_reserved): new function to close FD unless
-	  it is reserved for internal communication.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (rb_reserved_fd_p): should check owner_process pid
-	  to avoid false positive in forked child process.
-
-Wed Jul 15 18:31:18 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_mark): remove redundant check
-	* vm.c (env_mark): ditto
-
-Wed Jul 15 17:27:40 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_mark): remove check for data pointer
-	* proc.c (binding_mark): ditto
-	* vm.c (rb_thread_mark): ditto
-	* vm_trace.c (tp_mark): ditto
-
-Wed Jul 15 16:55:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* encoding.c (enc_autoload): drop dummy encoding flag from
-	  the loaded encoding index.  this flag is used only in this
-	  source.
-
-Wed Jul 15 14:39:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): add comments about env layout.
-	  Do not use `i' to specify `new_ep'.
-
-	* vm.c (rb_proc_create, rb_vm_make_proc_lambda): envval is not used.
-
-Wed Jul 15 08:59:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.h (RUBY_MARK_UNLESS_NULL): evaluate the argument only once
-	  to get rid of inadvertent side effects.
-
-Wed Jul 15 02:53:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h, vm.c: remove rb_proc_t::envval because we can know it via
-	  rb_proc_t::block::ep.
-
-	  rb_vm_proc_envval(const rb_proc_t *proc) returns an Env object which
-	  the Proc object use.
-
-	* proc.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_dump.c (rb_vmdebug_proc_dump_raw): ditto.
-
-Wed Jul 15 02:27:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h, vm.c: remove rb_env_t::prev_envval because we can know it
-	  via env->ep.
-
-	  rb_vm_env_prev_envval(env) returns prev_envval via env->ep.
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_env_local_variables): change parameter type
-	  from VALUE (T_DATA/env) to `const rb_env_t *' to make same as
-	  rb_vm_env_prev_envval().
-
-	* proc.c: catch up these changes.
-
-	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm.c: rename macros.
-
-	  * ENV_IN_HEAP_P() to VM_EP_IN_HEAP_P() because it uses ep.
-	  * ENV_VAL() to VM_ENV_EP_ENVVAL() because it is too short.
-
-Wed Jul 15 01:09:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c: refactoring Proc/Env related code.
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove blockprocval field from rb_proc_t and rb_binding_t.
-	  Instead of this field, mark given block in Proc at rb_env_t::env.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): make an Env object with this layout.
-	  And also simplify parameters.
-
-	* proc.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_env_t::local_size because it is not used.
-
-	* vm_dump.c (rb_vmdebug_env_dump_raw): catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_make_env_object): remove rb_vm_make_env_object()
-	  because it is only referred from vm.c.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (eval_string_with_cref): catch up this fix.
-
-Wed Jul 15 00:03:36 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* gc.c (__has_feature): move into internal.h.
-
-	* internal.h (__has_feature): ditto.
-
-	* internal.h (__has_extension): new macro.
-
-	* internal.h (STATIC_ASSERT): use _Static_assert with
-	  clang. [ruby-core:69931] [Bug #11343]
-
-Wed Jul 15 00:00:00 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): fix compile error with
-	  clang. [ruby-core:69931] [Bug #11343]
-
-Tue Jul 14 11:22:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#register):
-	  notify the handler thread of new timeout registration.
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#initialize):
-	  make sleep intervals adaptive than fixed period intervals.
-
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb (WEBrick::GenericServer#start): flush
-	  shutdown pipe.
-
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb (WEBrick::GenericServer#stop): request the
-	  server to stop immediately by sending data via shutdown pipe.
-
-Mon Jul 13 23:58:08 2015  Stefano Tortarolo  <stefano.tortarolo@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/webrick/httpproxy.rb (WEBrick::HTTPProxyServer#do_CONNECT):
-	  fix typos in debugger statements.  [Fix GH-967]
-
-Mon Jul 13 19:11:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/timeout.rb (timeout): warn as deprecated for a long time.
-
-Mon Jul 13 01:37:27 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl.c: [DOC] Backport ruby/openssl@dbb3fdb [Bug #11345]
-	  Thanks to Tomoya Chiba for the report and help with patch.
-
-Sun Jul 12 09:20:02 2015  Shota Fukumori  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c: [DOC] typo (Errno::AGAIN -> Errno::EAGAIN)
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: ditto
-
-	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c: ditto
-
-	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c: ditto
-
-	* ext/socket/unixserver.c: ditto
-
-	* io.c: ditto
-
-Sun Jul 12 06:42:23 2015  ksss  <co000ri@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/stringio/test_stringio.rb (test_sysread): add a test for
-	  StringIO#sysread.  [Fix GH-966]
-
-Sat Jul 11 21:16:34 2015  ksss  <co000ri@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (Init_stringio): [DOC] Fix an example,
-	  StringIO#puts should be set "\n" at last.  [Fix GH-965]
-
-Sat Jul 11 12:45:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/timeout.rb (Timeout#timeout): remove regexp with wrong line
-	  number and fix caller depth.
-
-Fri Jul 10 22:05:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/timeout.rb (ExitException): removed internal exception class
-	  and use Timeout::Error instead, as using throw/catch to isolate
-	  each timeouts now.  [ruby-dev:49179] [Bug #11344]
-
-Fri Jul 10 17:41:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (is_case_sensitive): get attributes by the file descriptor
-	  of open directory, instead of using mount point name.
-
-Fri Jul 10 10:46:02 2015  ksss  <co000ri@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (writable): remove unnecessary check for
-	  deprecated safe level 4.  [Fix GH-963]
-
-Thu Jul  9 15:07:12 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (waitpid): return immediately if interrupted.
-	  reported by <takkanm AT gmail.com> [ruby-dev:49176] [Bug #11340]
-
-Thu Jul  9 13:03:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_super_method): use CI_SET_FASTPATH().
-
-Thu Jul  9 11:07:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_call_info_t::klass because
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t has information about defined class.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_method): don't set ci->klass because
-	  it is removed.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_equal_opt): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_superclass): removed because it is too
-	  simple to write code directly.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): don't use vm_search_superclass().
-	  This fix avoid searching current callable `me' twice.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_super_method): ditto.
-
-Thu Jul  9 10:03:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http/responses.rb: Added 308 status to CODE_TO_OBJ list.
-	  [fix GH-961] Patch by @billinghamj
-
-Thu Jul  9 09:34:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_control_frame_t): fix comments (layout index).
-
-Thu Jul  9 09:25:50 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* parse.y: Improve duplicate key warning with patch by @andremedeiros
-	  [Fix GH-938] https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/938 [Bug #11327]
-
-Wed Jul  8 07:43:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/csv.rb: typo fix [ci skip][fix GH-958] Patch by @henrik
-
-Wed Jul  8 04:42:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_data_to_ary): dump kw_arg as symbol
-	* test/-ext-/iseq_load/test_iseq_load.rb: test kw_arg roundtrip
-	  [ruby-core:69891] [Bug #11338]
-
-Tue Jul  7 18:18:41 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): fix compile error.
-
-Tue Jul  7 16:47:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* compile.c (COMPILE_ERROR): reduce GET_THREAD() calls
-
-Tue Jul  7 16:39:04 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): return -1 for error
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes): try urandom on syscall failure
-
-Tue Jul  7 15:02:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_str_normalize_ospath): skip invalid byte sequence not
-	  to loop infinitely.  this case usually does not happen as the
-	  input name should come from real file systems.
-
-Tue Jul  7 14:40:08 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_backtrace.c: remove debug flag introduced accidentally.
-
-Tue Jul  7 12:05:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* cont.c (cont_free): remove mysterious fflush()
-	  introduced at r19890, maybe accidentally.
-
-Tue Jul  7 11:45:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_method_call): because data->me should be non-NULL,
-	  do not check data->me
-
-	* proc.c (method_inspect): ditto.
-
-Tue Jul  7 11:37:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_iseq_t::orig because rb_iseq_clone()
-	  no longer exists.
-
-	* iseq.c: don't use rb_iseq_t::orig.
-
-Tue Jul 07 11:25:57 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c, internal.h (rb_iseq_clone): removed because we don't need to
-	  clone iseq any more.
-
-	* class.c (clone_method): share iseq between cloned methods. All of
-	  method dependent information are able to refer from method entry.
-
-Tue Jul  7 04:42:25 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* string.c (Init_String): use rb_str_freeze for String#freeze
-	  to resize internal buffer
-	  [ruby-core:69870] [Feature #11330]
-
-Tue Jul  7 04:12:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_define_method): remove an unused local variable.
-
-Tue Jul  7 03:57:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_iseq_t::defined_method_id because it is not
-	  needed.
-
-	* eval.c (frame_func_id): simplify. rb_callable_method_entry_t
-	  has enough information.
-
-	* eval.c (frame_called_id): ditto.
-
-	* iseq.c (prepare_iseq_build): catch up this fix.
-
-	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): ditto.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_define_method): ditto.
-
-Tue Jul  7 03:47:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove a useless declaration.
-
-Tue Jul  7 03:33:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_iseq_t::klass to reduce dynamic data.
-
-	* internal.h, iseq.c (rb_iseq_klass): remove it because
-	  rb_iseq_t::klass is removed.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_super_outside): do not see cfp->iseq, but
-	  check callable method entry on a frame.
-	  This fix simplify the logic to search super class.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: support super() from Proc.
-	  Now, [Bug #4881] and [Bug #3136] was solved.
-
-	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): catch up this change.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_define_method): ditto.
-
-	* vm_backtrace.c (rb_profile_frames): now, each `frame' objects
-	  are rb_callable_method_entry_t data or iseq VALUEs.
-
-	  This fix introduce minor compatibility issue that
-	  rb_profile_frame_label() always returns
-	  rb_profile_frame_base_label().
-
-	* test/-ext-/debug/test_profile_frames.rb: catch up this change.
-
-Tue Jul  7 01:52:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* cont.c (fiber_init): initialize control frame correctly.
-	  This fix does not affect any ordinal execution, but
-	  affects debug prints.
-
-Mon Jul  6 17:59:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_super_method): do not skip calling
-	  same methods in super.
-	  [Bug #3351]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_super.rb: fix a test.
-
-Mon Jul  6 17:59:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c: removed deprecated safe level.
-
-Mon Jul  6 17:16:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h, proc.c (rb_method_entry_location): make it static
-	  and remove prefix `rb_' because it is used only in proc.c.
-
-Mon Jul  6 16:42:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/memory_status.rb: removed redundant path.
-
-Mon Jul  6 01:18:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit/parallel.rb: make @@project_dir one level
-	  upper as this file had moved one level deeper.
-
-Sun Jul  5 23:54:10 2015  mizokami  <suzunatsu@yahoo.com>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb: [DOC] Fix typo.
-
-Sun Jul  5 18:25:37 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_profile_record_get): fix spelling error in keys
-
-Sun Jul  5 14:49:01 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* README.md: fix a typo pointed out by raoulvdberge.
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/953#commitcomment-11998186
-
-Sun Jul  5 12:56:20 2015  Irvi Firqotul Aini  <viarc7@gmail.com>
-
-	* README.md: Added link HowToReport bugs.
-
-Sun Jul  5 10:51:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang): the original array may not be
-	  embedded even if a substitution array is embedded, as it is
-	  embedded when the original array is short enough but not
-	  embedded.  [ruby-dev:49166] [Bug #11332]
-
-Sun Jul  5 09:31:40 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: test for fd=3 usability in child
-
-Sat Jul  4 19:43:31 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Add test case for empty array and first method with args.
-	  Patch by @yui-knk [fix GH-955]
-
-Sat Jul  4 19:39:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Add test for `Enumerable#sort` with block. Patch by @yui-knk
-	  [fix GH-954]
-
-Sat Jul  4 14:38:43 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* enum.c (zip_ary): remove volatile, use RB_GC_GUARD
-	  (zip_i): ditto
-
-Sat Jul  4 10:42:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb (teardown): do not delete features
-	  loaded from the original load paths, the same libraries should
-	  be loaded again when the same features are required.
-	  [ruby-dev:49031] [Bug #11222]
-
-Sat Jul  4 09:38:52 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* vm.c (rb_vm_mark): reduce branches for always-set VM fields
-	  (rb_vm_add_root_module): ditto
-
-Fri Jul 03 20:05:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: introduce rb_callable_method_entry_t to remove
-	  rb_control_frame_t::klass.
-	  [Bug #11278], [Bug #11279]
-
-	  rb_method_entry_t data belong to modules/classes.
-	  rb_method_entry_t::owner points defined module or class.
-
-	    module M
-	      def foo; end
-	    end
-
-	  In this case, owner is M.
-
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t data belong to only classes.
-	  For modules, MRI creates corresponding T_ICLASS internally.
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t can also belong to T_ICLASS.
-
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t::defined_class points T_CLASS or
-	  T_ICLASS.
-	  rb_method_entry_t data for classes (not for modules) are also
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t data because it is completely same data.
-	  In this case, rb_method_entry_t::owner == rb_method_entry_t::defined_class.
-
-	  For example, there are classes C and D, and includes M,
-
-	    class C; include M; end
-	    class D; include M; end
-
-	  then, two T_ICLASS objects for C's super class and D's super class
-	  will be created.
-
-	  When C.new.foo is called, then M#foo is searched and
-	  rb_callable_method_t data is used by VM to invoke M#foo.
-
-	  rb_method_entry_t data is only one for M#foo.
-	  However, rb_callable_method_entry_t data are two (and can be more).
-	  It is proportional to the number of including (and prepending)
-	  classes (the number of T_ICLASS which point to the module).
-
-	  Now, created rb_callable_method_entry_t are collected when
-	  the original module M was modified. We can think it is a cache.
-
-	  We need to select what kind of method entry data is needed.
-	  To operate definition, then you need to use rb_method_entry_t.
-
-	  You can access them by the following functions.
-
-	  * rb_method_entry(VALUE klass, ID id);
-	  * rb_method_entry_with_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
-	  * rb_method_entry_without_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
-	  * rb_resolve_refined_method(VALUE refinements, const rb_method_entry_t *me);
-
-	  To invoke methods, then you need to use rb_callable_method_entry_t
-	  which you can get by the following APIs corresponding to the
-	  above listed functions.
-
-	  * rb_callable_method_entry(VALUE klass, ID id);
-	  * rb_callable_method_entry_with_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
-	  * rb_callable_method_entry_without_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
-	  * rb_resolve_refined_method_callable(VALUE refinements, const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me);
-
-	  VM pushes rb_callable_method_entry_t, so that rb_vm_frame_method_entry()
-	  returns rb_callable_method_entry_t.
-	  You can check a super class of current method by
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t::defined_class.
-
-	* method.h: renamed from rb_method_entry_t::klass to
-	  rb_method_entry_t::owner.
-
-	* internal.h: add rb_classext_struct::callable_m_tbl to cache
-	  rb_callable_method_entry_t data.
-
-	  We need to consider about this field again because it is only
-	  active for T_ICLASS.
-
-	* class.c (method_entry_i): ditto.
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_attr): rb_method_entry() does not takes
-	  defined_class_ptr.
-
-	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): mark RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL() for T_ICLASS.
-
-	* cont.c (fiber_init): rb_control_frame_t::klass is removed.
-
-	* proc.c: fix `struct METHOD' data structure because
-	  rb_callable_method_t has all information.
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove several fields.
-	  * rb_control_frame_t::klass.
-	  * rb_block_t::klass.
-
-	  And catch up changes.
-
-	* eval.c: catch up changes.
-
-	* gc.c: ditto.
-
-	* insns.def: ditto.
-
-	* vm.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_args.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_backtrace.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Fri Jul  3 14:30:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/file.c: some mingw compilers need a tweek for the
-	  declarations of _wfreopen_s.  [Bug #11320]
-
-Fri Jul  3 12:25:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* transcode.c (rb_econv_set_replacement): target encoding name can
-	  be empty now.  [ruby-core:69841] [Bug #11324]
-
-Fri Jul  3 07:21:06 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_io_nonblock_noex.rb: new benchmark
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (no_exception_p): new function
-	  (ossl_start_ssl): adjust for no_exception_p
-	  (ossl_ssl_connect): adjust ossl_start_ssl call
-	  (ossl_ssl_connect_nonblock): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_accept): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_accept_nonblock): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_read_internal): adjust for no_exception_p
-	  (ossl_ssl_write_internal): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_write): adjust ossl_write_internal call
-	  (ossl_ssl_write_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_read_nonblock):
-	  delay exception check
-	* io.c (no_exception_p): new function
-	  (io_getpartial): call no_exception_p
-	  (io_readpartial): adjust for io_getpartial
-	  (get_kwargs_exception): remove
-	  (io_read_nonblock): adjust for io_getpartial,
-	  check no_exception_p on EOF
-	  (io_write_nonblock): call no_exception_p
-	  (rb_io_write_nonblock): do not check `exception: false'
-	  (argf_getpartial): adjust for io_getpartial
-	  [ruby-core:69778] [Feature #11318]
-
-Fri Jul  3 07:13:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): Win32 API does not set errno, get
-	  the last error by GetLastError() and map to errno.  [Bug #10015]
-
-Thu Jul  2 21:32:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): show warnings at errors.
-	  [Bug #10015]
-
-Thu Jul  2 18:39:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: remove `#define RGENGC_OBJ_INFO 1' line introduced to
-	  debug Bug #11244.
-
-Thu Jul  2 18:34:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): separated from rb_obj_info().
-	  Fill internal object information into passed buffer.
-
-	* gc.h: declare rb_raw_obj_info().
-
-Thu Jul  2 16:15:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): update path type by the target
-	  attributes if possible, to improve the performance.  [Bug #10015]
-
-Thu Jul  2 14:45:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* st.c: get rid of VC++'s warnings of C4700 (uninitialized local
-	  variable used).  I think that these are wrong, but should shut them
-	  up.
-
-Thu Jul  2 14:15:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems.rb (Gem.load_path_insert_index): search
-	  @gem_prelude_index first.
-
-	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb (Gem::TestCase#setup): keep already
-	  expanded paths to preserve instance variables.
-
-Thu Jul  2 14:12:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby.c (process_options): also copy initial load path marks at
-	  setting load paths encoding.
-
-Thu Jul  2 12:26:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_server.rb (process_based_port): use
-	  dynamically chosen port numbers to get rid of conflicts.
-
-Thu Jul  2 11:58:59 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_specification.rb: skip tests which the
-	  platform does not permit the filename of its test file.
-
-Thu Jul  2 11:36:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_resolver_git_specification.rb: require
-	  rubygems/installer.rb before Gem::TestCase#setup runs, otherwise
-	  as Gem::TestCase#teardown restores $LOADED_FEATURES to the state
-	  at that time, the requiring the file in GitSpecification#install
-	  method causes a lot of constant redefinitions.
-
-Thu Jul  2 10:43:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: flags for common socket families
-	  (rsock_getfamily): update signature
-	* include/ruby/io.h: comment socket FMODE flags
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_getfamily): memoize family
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c: adjust rsock_getfamily calls
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c: ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69713] [Feature #11298]
-
-Thu Jul  2 10:30:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/resolver.rb: fixed NameError of Gem::Util::NULL_DEVICE.
-
-Thu Jul  2 09:51:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/resolver.rb: fix error of null device reference with DOSISH
-	  platform.
-
-Thu Jul  2 06:49:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems HEAD(c202db2).
-	  this version contains many enhancements see
-	  https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/blob/c202db2d681eb3c3a02f187d346fbb2e8d733b26/History.txt#L3
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Wed Jul  1 23:50:34 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* test/net/http/test_httpresponse.rb
-	(HTTPResponseTest#test_read_body_content_encoding_deflate_uppercase):
-	fix a failure without zlib.
-
-Wed Jul  1 10:54:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Add test for Enumerable#none? [fix GH-950] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Wed Jul  1 09:30:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_set_members): hide internal back_members
-	  object, and members object does not need to be duped as it
-	  should be frozen and hidden.
-
-Wed Jul  1 09:28:47 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_member_pos): revert r51080 to fix other
-	  implicit conversions but cast the return value to fix the
-	  previous implicit conversion.
-
-Wed Jul  1 08:47:24 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_member_pos): avoid implicit conversion loses
-	  integer precision: 'long' to 'int'.
-
-Wed Jul  1 05:57:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_add_method_iseq): add RB_GC_GUARD
-	* class.c (clone_method): remove RB_GC_GUARD
-	* struct.c (define_aref_method): ditto
-	  (define_aset_method): ditto
-	* vm.c (vm_define_method):
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_clone): add RB_GC_GUARD
-
-Wed Jul  1 05:43:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* struct.c (AREF_HASH_THRESHOLD): new macro
-	  (id_back_members): new ID
-	  (struct_member_pos_ideal): new function
-	  (struct_member_pos_probe): ditto
-	  (struct_set_members): ditto
-	  (struct_member_pos): ditto
-	  (rb_struct_getmember): use struct_member_pos for O(1) access
-	  (rb_struct_aref_sym): ditto
-	  (rb_struct_aset_sym): ditto
-	  (setup_struct): call struct_set_members
-	  (struct_define_without_accessor): ditto
-	  (Init_Struct): initialize __members_back__
-	  [ruby-core:66851] [ruby-core:69705] [ruby-core:69821]
-
-Tue Jun 30 23:12:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): FilePathValue() ensures the path
-	  NUL-terminated and frozen, so it is unnecessary to make it shared.
-
-Tue Jun 30 23:11:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (check_dirname): ensure path name NUL-terminated for
-	  SHARABLE_MIDDLE_SUBSTRING.
-
-	* io.c (rb_sysopen): ditto.
-
-Tue Jun 30 18:38:16 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_freopen): need to terminate by NUL.
-
-Tue Jun 30 17:28:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): freopen(3) with OS encoding path.
-	  [ruby-core:69780] [Bug #11320]
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_freopen): wrapper of wchar version freopen(3).
-	  use _wfreopen_s() if available.
-
-Tue Jun 30 08:24:08 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_oflags_modestr): handle O_TRUNC correctly
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb (test_reopen_stdio): new test
-	  Patch-by: cremno phobia <cremno@mail.ru>
-	  [ruby-core:69779] [Bug #11319]
-
-Tue Jun 30 02:47:02 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/st.h (struct st_table): hide struct list_head
-	* st.c (struct st_table_entry): adjust struct
-	  (head, tail): remove shortcut macros
-	  (st_head): new wrapper function
-	  (st_init_table_with_size): adjust to new struct and API
-	  (st_clear): ditto
-	  (add_direct): ditto
-	  (unpack_entries): ditto
-	  (rehash): ditto
-	  (st_copy): ditto
-	  (remove_entry): ditto
-	  (st_shift): ditto
-	  (st_foreach_check): ditto
-	  (st_foreach): ditto
-	  (get_keys): ditto
-	  (get_values): ditto
-	  (st_values_check): ditto
-	  (st_reverse_foreach_check): ditto (unused)
-	  (st_reverse_foreach): ditto (unused)
-	  [ruby-core:69726] [Misc #10278]
-
-Mon Jun 29 17:38:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* insns.def (defineclass): do not quote unprintable characters at
-	  raising an exception.
-
-Mon Jun 29 16:01:24 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http/response.rb (inflater): CONTENT_ENCODING can be upper
-	  case. [ruby-core:69670] [Bug #11285] patched by Andy Chu
-
-Mon Jun 29 14:50:08 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval.c (add_activated_refinement): should not include the original
-	  class.
-
-Mon Jun 29 12:09:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* README.md: tweak styles. [fix GH-945][ci skip] Patch by @bryndyment
-
-Mon Jun 29 07:23:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* template/sizes.c.tmpl: extract RUBY_DEFINT to define sizes of
-	  types checked by configure.in, and fix size of intptr_t in
-	  universal binary.
-
-Mon Jun 29 02:10:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* insns.def (defineclass): preserve encoding of name in error
-	  messages for super class mismatch.
-
-	* insns.def (defineclass): preserve encoding of name in error
-	  messages for non-class super.
-
-	* insns.def (defineclass): preserve encoding of name in error
-	  messages when already defined but type mismatch.
-
-Sun Jun 28 12:07:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_define_class_id_under): raise TypeError exception
-	  same as ruby level class definition when superclass mismatch.
-
-Sun Jun 14 19:02:03 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (makeport): close the TCPServer
-	  when sending the port fails.
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb: test for above.
-
-Fri Jun 26 12:48:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* transcode.c (load_transcoder_entry): fix transcoder loading race
-	  condition, by waiting in require.  [ruby-dev:49106] [Bug #11277]
-
-Fri Jun 26 07:53:56 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_minmax): simplify return value creation
-	* test/ruby/test_enum.rb: test behavior on empty
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_fetch_m): remove unnecessary volatile since r41597
-	  (env_reject_bang): trade volatile for GC guard
-	  (env_select): ditto
-	  (env_select_bang): ditto
-	  (env_keep_if): ditto
-	  (rb_env_clear): ditto
-
-Thu Jun 25 21:24:28 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/-ext-/popen_deadlock/test_popen_deadlock.rb: test [Bug #11265]
-
-	* ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/infinite_loop_dlsym.c: new ext to call
-	  dlsym(3) infinitely without GVL, used in the above test.
-
-	* ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/extconf.rb: extconf.rb for the above
-	  ext. Currently, only enabled on Solaris (main target) and Linux
-	  (as a reference platform and for debugging the ext).
-
-Thu Jun 25 19:24:25 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: not to use vfork on Solaris to avoid deadlock
-	  occurred in vfork(2) with multi-threading and dynamic linker
-	  on Solaris. [Bug #11265] [ruby-dev:49089]
-
-Thu Jun 25 18:25:41 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/lib/envutil.rb (Test::Unit::Assertions#assert_no_memory_leak):
-	  NO_MEMORY_LEAK_ENVS is moved to Memory::NO_MEMORY_LEAK_ENVS
-	  to reduce child executions during test-all on Solaris.
-
-	* test/lib/memory_status.rb (Memory::NO_MEMORY_LEAK_ENVS): ditto.
-
-Thu Jun 25 17:32:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_create): need to call
-	  method_definition_reset() if def is given.
-
-	  Actually, `me' is a new object, so we don't need to call it.
-	  It is just to make sure.
-
-	* vm_method.c (method_definition_reset): remove duplicated insertion.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_clone): assign dst->def here,
-	  not in method_definition_reset().
-
-Thu Jun 25 16:44:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c: make a rb_method_definition_t data (def) *after* making
-	  a rb_method_entry_t data (me).
-
-	  Normally, `me' points `def'. Some Ruby objects pointed from `def'
-	  and objects are marked by `me' (mark_method_entry() in gc.c).
-	  However, `def' is built before making a `me', then nobody can mark
-	  objects pointed from `def' before making (and pointing from) `me'.
-
-	  I hope this patch solve #11244.
-
-	* vm_method.c: remove `rb_' prefix from some static functions.
-
-	* method.h (rb_method_entry_create): constify
-
-	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): add checking `def' and
-	  `def->body.iseq.iseqptr' availability because they can be NULL.
-
-Thu Jun 25 14:14:16 2015  takiy33  <takiy33@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/test_prime.rb (test_eratosthenes_works_fine_after_timeout):
-	  use spaces instead of TABs in ruby codes.  [Fix GH-944]
-
-Thu Jun 25 07:08:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info, method_type_name): show method type name in a string
-	  instead of a number.
-
-Thu Jun 25 06:49:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): show more details for T_IMEMO/imemo_ment.
-
-Thu Jun 25 06:40:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_reset): need a WB for
-	  VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET.
-
-Thu Jun 25 03:33:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (RGENGC_OBJ_INFO, obj_info): add a macro to enable/disable
-	  rich obj_info() output.
-
-	  At the default, the value of RGENGC_OBJ_INFO is
-	  (RGENGC_DEBUG | RGENGC_CHECK_MODE).
-
-	* gc.c (RGENGC_OBJ_INFO): force enable it to debug #11244.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): print more details with obj_info().
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): remove useless debug prints.
-
-Thu Jun 25 02:40:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_read_internal):
-	  do not process kwargs in blocking mode
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: test sysread
-
-Wed Jun 24 16:54:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): add additional debug code for #11244.
-
-Wed Jun 24 16:05:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_justify): use RB_GC_GUARD
-
-Wed Jun 24 14:25:17 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): add a check code for #11244.
-
-	  It should be removed later. But we can remain this check
-	  because it is only a branch.
-
-Wed Jun 24 12:49:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_fstring_cstr): new function to make a fstring from
-	  a string literal.
-
-	* internal.h (rb_fstring_lit): new macro to make a fstring from a
-	  string literal.
-
-	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_strlen_lit): new macro to get the
-	  length of a string literal, borrowed from mruby/mruby@e4afd53.
-
-Wed Jun 24 12:21:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c: Update documentation for Regexp class.
-	  [fix GH-937][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
-
-Wed Jun 24 09:23:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (generic_ivar_set): remove FL_ABLE check
-	  (gen_ivar_copy): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69715]
-
-Wed Jun 24 08:28:15 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): reduce stack use
-	  [ruby-core:69595] [Feature #11263]
-
-Tue Jun 23 14:32:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (name_err_receiver): raise ArgumentError if no receiver
-	  is available on this exception object.  [Feature #10881]
-
-Tue Jun 23 09:48:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* dir.c (check_dirname): avoid volatile, use return value
-	  (dir_s_chroot, dir_s_mkdir, dir_s_rmdir): adjust callers
-
-Tue Jun 23 06:37:10 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* struct.c (struct_ivar_get): cache member definition in a subclass
-	  Thanks to Sokolov Yura aka funny_falcon <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
-	  in https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10585
-
-Tue Jun 23 04:58:06 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_big_href_hi.rb: new benchmark
-	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_big_href_lo.rb: ditto
-	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_big_hset.rb: ditto
-	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_small_href.rb: ditto
-	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_small_hset.rb: ditto
-	  Thanks to Sokolov Yura aka funny_falcon <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
-	  in https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10585
-
-Mon Jun 22 18:08:48 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit::Parallel#start_watchdog): removed
-	  because it has been meaningless since r36385. [Bug #11288]
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit::Parallel#_run_parallel): delete
-	  lines related to the removed start_watchdog method
-
-Sun Jun 21 23:52:46 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* NEWS: mention about Array#bsearch_index and Hash#fetch_values.
-
-Sun Jun 21 23:46:27 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* NEWS: add a reference to a ticket.
-
-Sun Jun 21 20:28:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* internal.h (roomof): extract from type_roomof, and move from
-	  bignum.c.
-
-Sun Jun 21 18:32:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_PTR_CAS): define by generic CAS macro, not
-	  via size_t, to suppress a warning by mingw gcc.
-
-Sun Jun 21 05:31:41 2015  Shota Fukumori  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c(dump_object): Return empty JSON object when
-	  passed object is a special const, instead of SEGV.
-	  Based patch by Kohei Suzuki (eagletmt). [ruby-core:69692] [Bug #11291]
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb(test_dump_special_consts): Test for above fix.
-
-
-Sat Jun 20 03:56:58 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enc/make_encmake.rb: the list of encoding extension libraries must
-	  not include encinit.c itself.  It caused "undefined reference to
-	  Init_encinit".
-
-Sat Jun 20 02:03:53 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* process.c (rb_execarg_parent_start1): new macro ALWAYS_NEED_ENVP
-	  to generate envp_str anytime on Solaris 10 (or earlier version
-	  of Solaris) to avoid calling execv() which is async-signal unsafe
-	  on Solaris 10. [Bug #11265] [ruby-dev:49089]
-
-	* process.c (exec_with_sh, proc_exec_cmd): On Solaris 10,
-	  because ALWAYS_NEED_ENVP is 1 and envp_str is always generated,
-	  execv() in exec_with_sh() and proc_exec_cmd() are never called.
-	  To guarantee this, execv() is replaced by a macro to print
-	  out error message on Solaris 10.
-
-	* process.c (proc_exec_sh): Because proc_exec_sh() may be called
-	  by rb_proc_exec() with envp_str = Qfalse, execl() is replaced
-	  by a macro that calls execle() with "extern char **environ"
-	  traditional global variable on Solaris 10.
-	  TODO: This may be unsafe and should be changed in the future.
-	  Although rb_proc_exec() is not used from inside current version
-	  of ruby, it may be called by third-party extensions.
-
-Sat Jun 20 01:10:13 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* NEWS: mention about $SAFE.
-
-Fri Jun 19 14:53:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): now requires a block direct to
-	  this method call.  [ruby-core:69655] [Bug #11283]
-
-Fri Jun 19 13:54:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): get rid of inadvertent ID
-	  creations at error.
-
-Fri Jun 19 07:58:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: if no with-ext option is given, default to
-	  enable everything.  [ruby-dev:49108] [Bug #11280]
-
-Fri Jun 19 06:30:07 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* bootstraptest/test_method.rb: remove a test because $SAFE=2 was
-	  obsolete.
-
-	  Please check btest, too.
-
-Thu Jun 18 23:51:51 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* bin/erb: $SAFE=3 is obsolete.
-
-Thu Jun 18 23:45:11 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* safe.c: removed needless doc related $SAFE=2
-
-Thu Jun 18 23:38:07 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_safe_level): fix document.  $SAFE=3 is obsolete.
-	  [ci skip]
-
-Thu Jun 18 23:25:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/extmk.rb: configure intersection of with-ext and not
-	  without-ext, as withouts is no longer true by default if
-	  with-ext option is given.  [ruby-dev:49108] [Bug #11280]
-
-Thu Jun 18 23:20:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: $SAFE=2 is now obsolete.
-
-	* dir.c, ext/fiddle/handle.c, ext/socket/basicsocket.c, file.c
-	  gc.c, io.c, process.c, safe.c, signal.c, win32/file.c:
-	  removed code for $SAFE=2
-
-	* test/erb/test_erb.rb, test/fiddle/test_handle.rb
-	  test/ruby/test_env.rb: removed tests for $SAFE=2.
-
-Thu Jun 18 22:50:07 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enc/make_encmake.rb: added --transes and --no-transes options.
-
-Thu Jun 18 18:24:12 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/socket/test_unix.rb: replace sleep with select
-
-Thu Jun 18 17:59:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (rb_vm_control_frame_id_and_class): remove useless codes.
-	  `me' knows ID and owner class.
-
-Thu Jun 18 16:58:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: constify rb_method_alias_struct::original_me and
-	  rb_method_refined_struct::orig_me.
-
-	* class.c (move_refined_method): use RB_OBJ_WRITE() for
-	  me->def->body.refined.orig_me.
-
-Thu Jun 18 14:35:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (count_imemo_objects): support imemo_ment.
-
-Thu Jun 18 13:32:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* error.c (name_err_receiver): add NameError#receiver method.
-	  [Feature #10881]
-
-Thu Jun 18 10:00:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* safe.c: removed needless doc related $SAFE=3
-
-Thu Jun 18 09:59:23 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* safe.c: rename old method name for $SAFE=3
-
-Thu Jun 18 06:02:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* compile.c (get_exception_sym2type, iseq_build_from_ary_body):
-	  rely on %+PRIsVALUE instead of calling rb_inspect directly
-
-Wed Jun 17 20:59:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk (ENC_MK): needs fake.rb if cross compilation.
-	  [ruby-dev:49098] [Bug #11272]
-
-Wed Jun 17 20:23:29 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check __float80.
-
-Wed Jun 17 15:15:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* safe.c (safe_setter): of course, don't have to warn the limitation of
-	  $SAFE=3 after it's removed.
-
-Wed Jun 17 14:29:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: $SAFE=3 is now obsolete.
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c, ext/socket/socket.c, ext/socket/tcpsocket.c
-	  ext/socket/udpsocket.c, gc.c, object.c, re.c, safe.c: removed code
-	  for $SAFE=3
-
-	* bootstraptest/test_method.rb, test/erb/test_erb.rb, test/ruby/test_dir.rb
-	  test/ruby/test_file.rb, test/ruby/test_method.rb, test/ruby/test_regexp.rb
-	  test/ruby/test_thread.rb: remove tests for $SAFE=3
-
-Wed Jun 17 12:13:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: added contributor name.
-
-Wed Jun 17 10:57:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/csv.rb: accept to use Range object for row selection.
-	  contributed by Mitsutaka Mimura.
-	  [Feature #11267][ruby-dev:49091]
-
-Wed Jun 17 09:50:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rdoc/servlet.rb (documentation_search, root_search):
-	  requires json for JSON.dump and fix sporadic failures due to
-	  the loading order.
-
-Tue Jun 16 19:19:53 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check several types defined in C99
-	  and x86_64 ABI.
-
-	* template/sizes.c.tmpl: Relax a pattern for types.
-
-Tue Jun 16 17:37:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: relax pattern because uncollectible
-	  flag and marked flag can be false at major GC.
-	  [Bug #10852]
-
-Tue Jun 16 04:50:44 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (bsock_recv): document outbuf
-	* ext/socket/unixsocket.c (unix_recvfrom): ditto
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_strbuf, recvfrom_locktmp): new functions
-	  (rsock_s_recvfrom): support destination buffer as 3rd arg
-	  (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-	* string.c (rb_str_locktmp_ensure): export for internal ext
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: test recv_nonblock
-	* test/socket/test_unix.rb: test recv
-	  [ruby-core:69543] [Feature #11242]
-
-Tue Jun 16 04:38:02 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal,
-	  bsock_recvmsg_internal):
-	  support "exception: false" kwarg
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock):
-	  ditto
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock): use rsock_opt_false_p
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h (rsock_opt_false_p): new function
-	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (bsock_recv_nonblock): update rdoc
-	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: new tests
-	  [ruby-core:69542] [Feature #11229]
-
-Mon Jun 15 14:33:02 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb: Make Set#each and SortedSet#each generate a sized
-	  enumerator. [GH-931] by kachick (Kenichi Kamiya)
-
-	* test/test_set.rb: Import tests from Set into SortedSet. [GH-931]
-	  by kachick (Kenichi Kamiya)
-
-Mon Jun 15 02:26:34 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (Net::HTTP#connect): use connect_nonblock and
-	  io/wait to eliminate timeout use. fix GH-899
-
-Sat Jun 13 07:21:18 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
-
-	* thread.c (thread_start_func_2): don't interrupt when last thread
-	  exit unless main thread is already exited. Otherwise main thread
-	  could be wrongly interrupted when it uses rb_thread_call_without_gvl().
-	  Patch by Takehiro Kubo. [Bug #11237][ruby-dev:49044][GH-898]
-
-	* test/-ext-/gvl/test_last_thread.rb: new test for the above fix.
-
-	* ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/call_without_gvl.c: new ext for
-	  the above test.
-	* ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/extconf.rb: ditto.
-
-Mon Jun 15 00:14:33 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb (descend): Blockless form supported.
-	  (ascend): Ditto.
-	  [ruby-core:68820] [Feature #11052] Patch by Piotr Szotkowski.
-
-Sun Jun 14 20:09:25 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_getlocaltime): [DOC] Add examples of valid utc_offset
-	  formats.
-	  [ruby-core:68306] [Misc #10905] Patch by Charles Korn.
-
-Sun Jun 14 18:49:56 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (parse_numeric_port): Detect
-	  port overflow.
-	  (numeric_getaddrinfo): Use parse_numeric_port.
-	  numeric_getaddrinfo fails if port is too big now.
-	  This makes rb_getaddrinfo invokes the real getaddrinfo()
-	  on such condition.
-	  This change is related to [ruby-core:69355] [Bug #11179].
-
-Sun Jun 14 17:26:03 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_chunk_while): New method Enumerable#chunk_while.
-	  [ruby-core:67738] [Feature #10769] proposed by Tsuyoshi Sawada.
-
-Sun Jun 14 17:20:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_load_ok): try opening file without gvl not to
-	  lock entire process.  [Bug #11060]
-
-Sun Jun 14 10:43:50 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/runruby.rb: just remove the lines of RUBY_VERSION check and raise
-	  instead of replacing the check to `true`, for getting rid of a
-	  warning `possibly useless use of true in void context`.
-
-Sun Jun 14 10:13:55 2015  Kouhei Sutou  <kou@cozmixng.org>
-
-	* lib/rexml/source.rb (REXML::IOSource#scan): Fix a typo in
-	  document. [fix GH-934]
-	  Patch by Anton Davydov. Thanks!!!
-
-Sun Jun 14 10:09:48 2015  Kouhei Sutou  <kou@cozmixng.org>
-
-	* lib/rexml/attlistdecl.rb (REXML::AttlistDecl): Fix a typo in
-	  document. [fix GH-934]
-	  Patch by Anton Davydov. Thanks!!!
-
-Sun Jun 14 06:24:57 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: add test for IO.binread fd leak.
-	  See r50881.
-
-Sun Jun 14 05:23:51 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_s_binread): close fd if seek offset is invalid.
-
-Sun Jun 14 04:40:32 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb (check): refactor.
-
-Sun Jun 14 04:34:14 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb: Return false for no leaks.
-	  Otherwise the GC could run for nothing.
-
-Sun Jun 14 04:15:40 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/delegate.rb: [DOC] Update SimpleDelegator example. [ci skip]
-
-Sat Jun 13 20:28:14 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_stat_ino): get inode from the interval of struct st.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (stati64_set_inode): get nFileIndexHigh/Low, and set it
-	  to the interval of struct st as inode.
-	  [Feature #11216]
-
-	* win32/win32.c (stati64_set_inode_handle): call stati64_set_inode.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_fstati64): call stati64_set_inode_handle.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (stati64_handle): call stati64_set_inode.
-
-Sat Jun 13 19:44:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/console/depend (.list.chksum): revert a part of r50859, because
-	  it was not mentioned at its commit log and it caused a build error on
-	  Windows ($(MAKE) is already quoted).
-
-Sat Jun 13 17:35:11 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_thread_t): add th->name.
-
-	* vm.c (th_init): initialize th->name.
-
-	* thread.c (Init_Thread): add Thread.name and name=. [Feature #11251]
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_inspect): show thread's name if set.
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_getname): defined.
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): ditto.
-
-Sat Jun 13 11:39:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: Fix typo. [fix GH-933] Patch by @Zorbash
-
-Sat Jun 13 11:38:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c: fix documentation on ocsp response cert status.
-	  [fix GH-932] Patch by @chrisholmes
-
-Sat Jun 13 11:35:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec: Fix require paths for released gem.
-	  [fix GH-929] Patch by @voxik
-	* ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec: ditto.
-
-Sat Jun 13 00:45:08 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Return sized enumerators.
-	  Patch by Kenichi Kamiya [GH-931]
-
-Sat Jun 13 00:45:06 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Fix with_object with no block given
-
-Sat Jun 13 00:44:59 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Have with_index accept an offset parameter.
-	  Based on patch by T Yamada. [#11007]
-
-Fri Jun 12 22:21:12 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_extlibs.rb (TestExtLibs::check_existence): fix
-	  error. [Bug #11255] [ruby-dev:49079]
-
-Fri Jun 12 21:17:46 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* pack.c (pack_{un,}pack): new template character `j` and `J`, pointer
-	  with signed and unsigned integers.
-
-	* NEWS: mention about this feature.
-	  [Feature #11215] [ruby-dev:49015]
-
-Fri Jun 12 21:01:44 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (File::SHARE_DELETE): new flag to be able to delete opened file
-	  on Windows.
-
-	* include/win32/win32.c (O_SHARE_DELETE): new pseudo file mode flag.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_{w,}open): support above flag.  [EXPERIMENTAL]
-
-	* NEWS: mention about this feature.
-	  [Feature #11218] [ruby-dev:49022]
-
-Fri Jun 12 18:21:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ChangeLog: added missing commit message.
-
-Fri Jun 12 18:20:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* sample/exyacc.rb: Fix some typos. [fix GH-927] Patch by @davydovanton
-	* sample/list.rb: ditto.
-	* sample/trick2013/kinaba/remarks.markdown: ditto.
-
-Fri Jun 12 17:34:14 2015  Wojciech Mach  <wojtek@wojtekmach.pl>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_hash_fetch_values): add `Hash#fetch_values`.
-	  [Feature #10017] [Fix GH-776]
-
-Fri Jun 12 16:28:17 2015  Radan Skoric  <radan.skoric@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_bsearch_index): Implement Array#bsearch_index
-	  method, which is similar to bsearch and returns the index or
-	  nil.  [Feature #10730]
-
-Thu Jun 11 19:11:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/zlib/zlib.c: Fix indentation for rdoc.
-	  [Bug #11221][ruby-core:69465]
-
-Thu Jun 11 16:23:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC_SET): fix last commit (unbalanced parens).
-
-Thu Jun 11 15:14:16 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: define SET_THREAD_NAME if it has pthread_set_name_np
-	  for FreeBSD, and don't define it if both pthread_setname_np
-	  and pthread_set_name_np don't exist.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (SET_THREAD_NAME): don't define if they don't exist.
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (native_set_thread_name): run if SET_THREAD_NAME
-	  is defined.
-
-Thu Jun 11 15:53:31 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC_SET): should clear last bit.
-
-Thu Jun 11 14:34:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems.rb: bump version to 2.4.7 and 2.4.8. these versions fixed
-	  CVE-2015-3900.
-	* lib/rubygems/remote_fetcher.rb: ditto.
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_remote_fetcher.rb: added testcase for CVE-2015-3900
-
-Thu Jun 11 14:18:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rubygems.rb: bump version to 2.4.6. It's missing change at r49774.
-
-Thu Jun 11 13:50:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (ary_ensure_room_for_push): check if array size will
-	  exceed maximum size to get rid of buffer overflow.
-	  [ruby-dev:49043] [Bug #11235]
-
-	* array.c (ary_ensure_room_for_unshift, rb_ary_splice): ditto.
-
-Thu Jun 11 13:17:34 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/test_cmath.rb (TestCMath#test_trigonometric_functions): should
-	  not compare float values (in complex values) by `==`.
-
-Thu Jun 11 08:52:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: embed rb_method_entry_t::attr::flags (5 bits) into
-	  rb_method_entry_t::flags to make one word spare space.
-
-	  Add some macros to access these flags.
-
-	* vm_method.c: use these macros.
-
-	* internal.h: define IMEMO_FL_USHIFT and IMEMO_FL_USER[0-4]
-	  for T_IMEMO local flags.
-
-Thu Jun 11 08:27:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c: use VM_ASSERT instead of assert().
-
-	* vm_args.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Jun 11 08:16:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: define VM_ASSERT() for assertion
-	  enabled only when (VM_CHECK_MODE > 0).
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: move definition VM_CHECK_MODE
-	  from vm_insnhelper.c to vm_core.h.
-
-	* vm.c: remove <assert.h>
-
-Thu Jun 11 06:46:07 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (check_frame): check type of cref_or_me first.
-
-Thu Jun 11 04:34:39 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/test_cmath.rb: Add some assertions.
-
-Thu Jun 11 00:34:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* template/fake.rb.in: expanded macro result may have spaces
-	  between tokens.  [ruby-dev:49047] [Bug #11243]
-
-Wed Jun 10 22:27:32 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb: revert r50804 because of build failure when specifying
-	  LDFLAGS during configure, observed on Solaris with GCC 4.6.
-	  [Bug #11245]
-
-Wed Jun 10 21:59:51 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* README.ja.md: fix markup miss.
-
-Wed Jun 10 11:06:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* template/fake.rb.in: turn into erb template from autoconf
-	  template to fake more accurately.
-
-	* common.mk (fake.rb): needs preprocessed file now.
-
-	* version.c (Init_version): add dummy expression to
-	  RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION.
-
-Tue Jun  9 12:31:25 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Simplify and optimize EratosthenesSieve
-
-Tue Jun  9 11:45:00 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Simplify and optimize EratosthenesSieve
-	  based on patch by Ajay Kumar. [Fixes GH-921]
-
-Mon Jun  8 05:09:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): print method id for T_IMEMO/ment.
-
-Sun Jun  7 07:05:43 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Move test cases from test/ruby/test_complex.rb to test/test_cmath.rb
-
-Sat Jun  6 18:23:41 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: back to share rb_method_definition_t by
-	  rb_method_entry_t.
-
-	  r50728 changed sharing `def's to isolating `def's
-	  on alias and so on. However, this change conflicts
-	  future improvement plan. So I change back to sharing approach.
-
-	* method.h: move rb_method_definition_t::flags to
-	  rb_method_entry_t::attr::flags.
-
-	  rb_method_entry_t::attr is union with VALUE because this field
-	  should have same size of VALUE. rb_method_entry_t is T_IMEMO).
-
-	  And also add the following access macros to it's fields.
-
-	  * METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(me)
-	  * METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC(me)
-	  * METHOD_ENTRY_SAFE(me)
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_addref): added instead of
-	  rb_method_definition_clone().
-
-	  Do not create new definition, but increment alias_count.
-
-	* class.c (clone_method): catch up this fix.
-
-	* class.c (method_entry_i): ditto.
-
-	* proc.c (mnew_internal): ditto.
-
-	* proc.c (mnew_missing): ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Sat Jun  6 15:59:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c: ins_methods_push() needs rb_method_visibility_t type on
-	  2nd arg.
-
-Sat Jun  6 15:05:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_push): Change type and name of parameters
-	  to make more clear.
-
-Sat Jun  6 08:52:13 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: try to avoid EMSGSIZE
-	  [ruby-core:69466]
-
-Sat Jun  6 07:58:30 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: remove struct mark_tbl_arg and pass objspace directly
-	  to avoid indirect access overhead.
-
-Sat Jun  6 07:08:45 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): drop redundant assignment
-
-Sat Jun  6 01:00:06 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): all arguments are
-	  parsed even on systems without HAVE_STRUCT_MSGHDR_MSG_CONTROL
-	  to prevent SEGV caused by passing Qnil to RARRAY_LENINT and
-	  to preserve behavior before r50776.
-	  [Bug #11224] [ruby-core:69468] [Bug #11225] [ruby-core:69469]
-
-Fri Jun  5 22:37:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_push): change 3rd parameter's type
-	  from long to rb_method_visibility_t.
-
-	* class.c (ins_methods_i): catch up this fix.
-
-	* class.c (method_entry_i): cast to st_data_t instead of `long'.
-
-Fri Jun  5 20:37:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: move definition of rb_cref_t to method.h.
-
-	* eval_intern.h: move definition of rb_scope_visibility_t
-	  to method.h.
-
-	* method.h: change rb_cref_t::scope_visi from VALUE to
-	  rb_scope_visibility_t.
-	  [Bug #11219]
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_new): accept rb_method_visibility_t directly.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_rewrite_cref): don't use 0,
-	  but METHOD_VISI_UNDEF.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_scope_visibility_set): don't need to use cast.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_scope_module_func_set): ditto.
-
-Fri Jun  5 17:27:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): avoid msg_control
-	  ptr if msg_controllen is zero to fix portability problems.
-
-Fri Jun  5 09:17:45 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): fix build error
-	  from r50776
-
-Fri Jun  5 07:05:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* io.c (sym_wait_readable, sym_wait_writable): declare
-	  (io_getpartial): use sym_wait_readable
-	  (io_write_nonblock): use sym_wait_writable
-	  (Init_IO): initialize sym_wait_*able
-
-Fri Jun  5 06:43:00 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* doc/extension.rdoc: note rb_get_kwargs changes keywords_hash
-	  [ruby-core:68507]
-
-Fri Jun  5 05:50:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): use rb_scan_args
-	  [ruby-core:69439] [Feature #11207]
-
-Fri Jun  5 02:20:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/lib/envutil.rb (assert_no_memory_leak): change default value
-	  of limit from 1.5 to 2.0. It is ad-hoc fix to solve test failure
-	  in travis-ci.
-
-Fri Jun  5 01:17:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): no need to use cast.
-
-Fri Jun  5 01:14:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): show additional messages on rb_bug().
-
-Fri Jun  5 01:06:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_add_method_iseq): use intermediate struct to
-	  avoid initializing struct with variables.
-	  [Bug #11217]
-
-	* method.h: add a comment about it.
-
-Fri Jun  5 00:55:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: constify rb_method_refined_t::orig_me.
-
-	  Also constify the following functions.
-
-	  * rb_resolve_refined_method()
-	  * rb_method_entry_with_refinements()
-	  * rb_method_entry_without_refinements()
-	  * rb_method_entry_copy()'s parameter.
-
-	* class.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Jun  4 12:47:54 SGT 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c: Revert r50763. because "reentered" is not typo.
-
-Thu Jun  4 11:12:29 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c: fix a typo. Patch by @davydovanton
-	  [fix GH-923]
-	* include/ruby/st.h: ditto.
-	* include/ruby/util.h: ditto.
-
-Thu Jun  4 10:54:30 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c: fix a typo. Patch by @manish-shrivastava
-	  [fix GH-922]
-
-Thu Jun  4 09:52:02 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: use io/nonblock instead of fcntl
-	  [ruby-core:69382] [Feature #11190]
-
-Thu Jun  4 07:22:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: introduce rb_method_refined_t for refined method entry.
-
-	* class.c (move_refined_method): catch up this fix.
-
-	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_body): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Jun  4 07:12:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dirent_match): match short names only when FNM_SHORTNAME
-	  flag is given, for the backward compatibility, and the new
-	  behavior is often dangerous.  [ruby-core:69435] [Bug #11206]
-
-Thu Jun  4 05:44:01 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (special_generic_ivar): remove flag
-	  (givar_i, rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl): remove functions
-	  (rb_free_generic_ivar, rb_ivar_lookup, rb_ivar_delete,
-	   generic_ivar_set, rb_ivar_set, rb_ivar_defined,
-	   rb_copy_generic_ivar, rb_ivar_foreach, rb_ivar_count,
-	   rb_obj_remove_instance_variable):
-	   adjust for lack of ivar support in special constants
-	* test/ruby/test_variable.rb: test ivars for special consts
-	* internal.h: remove rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl decl
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_roots): remove rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl call
-	  [ruby-core:69441] [Feature #11208]
-
-Thu Jun  4 05:13:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (def_iseq_ptr): `iseqval' is not available any more.
-
-Thu Jun  4 04:50:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (method_entry_i): mtbl should not have `me' as NULL.
-
-Thu Jun  4 04:28:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (clone_method): do not use me->klass, but use explicitly
-	  passed argument.
-
-Thu Jun  4 04:10:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_rewrite_cref_stack): rename to rb_vm_rewrite_cref().
-
-	* class.c (clone_method): use renamed name.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_rewrite_cref): do not use `node' in variable
-	  names.
-
-Wed Jun  3 23:03:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c: rename `rb_frame_...' to `rb_scope_...'.
-
-	* eval_intern.h: move decl. of rb_scope_visibility_set() to method.h.
-
-	* load.c: catch up this fix.
-
-Wed Jun  3 21:14:20 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check C99 standard integer types.
-
-Wed Jun  3 21:00:47 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* configure.in: Don't check __int128.
-
-	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check __int128.
-
-	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend: sizes.c depends on
-	  ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb.
-
-	* template/sizes.c.tmpl: Detect check_sizeof.
-
-Wed Jun  3 20:07:07 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (clone_method): remove redundant check for me->def != NULL.
-	  Now, all `me` have `me->def`.
-
-	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_location): ditto.
-
-	* vm.c (rb_vm_check_redefinition_opt_method): ditto.
-
-	* vm.c (add_opt_method): ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_body): ditto.
-
-Wed Jun  3 19:24:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: rename enum missing_reason to enum method_missing_reason.
-
-	* vm_core.h: use enum method_missing_reason for
-	  rb_thread_t::method_missing_reason.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Jun  3 16:17:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm.c: eagerly allocate `loading_table`.  This eliminates the need to
-	  do NULL checks when looking up the `loading_table` hash.
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/918
-
-	* load.c: remove various NULL checks
-
-Wed Jun  3 11:47:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: change fields order to gather frequent access fields.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): add LIKELY().
-
-Wed Jun 03 10:35:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: split rb_method_definition_t::flag to several flags.
-
-	  `flag' contains several categories of attributes and it makes us
-	  confusion (at least, I had confused).
-
-	  * rb_method_visibility_t (flags::visi)
-	    * NOEX_UNDEF     -> METHOD_VISI_UNDEF     = 0
-	    * NOEX_PUBLIC    -> METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC    = 1
-	    * NOEX_PRIVATE   -> METHOD_VISI_PRIVATE   = 2
-	    * NOEX_PROTECTED -> METHOD_VISI_PROTECTED = 3
-	  * NOEX_SAFE(flag)  -> safe (flags::safe, 3 bits)
-	  * NOEX_BASIC       -> basic (flags::basic, 1 bit)
-	  * NOEX_MODFUNC     -> rb_scope_visibility_t in CREF
-	  * NOEX_SUPER       -> MISSING_SUPER (enum missing_reason)
-	  * NOEX_VCALL       -> MISSING_VCALL (enum missing_reason)
-	  * NOEX_RESPONDS    -> BOUND_RESPONDS (macro)
-
-	  Now, NOEX_NOREDEF is not supported (I'm not sure it is needed).
-
-	  Background:
-	    I did not know what "NOEX" stands for.
-	    I asked Matz (who made this name) and his answer was "Nothing".
-	    "At first, it meant NO EXport (private), but the original
-	    meaning was gone."
-	    This is why I remove the mysterious word "NOEX" from MRI.
-
-	* vm_core.h: introduce `enum missing_reason' to represent
-	  method_missing (NoMethodError) reason.
-
-	* eval_intern.h: introduce rb_scope_visibility_t to represent
-	  scope visibility.
-	  It has 3 method visibilities (public/private/protected)
-	  and `module_function`.
-
-Wed Jun  3 08:06:30 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gem/bundled_gems: updated to test-unit 3.1.1 and minitest 5.7.0.
-
-Wed Jun  3 04:48:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): check respond_to_missing?
-	  at defined?(func()).
-	  [Bug #11212]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_defined.rb: add a test for this fix.
-
-Wed Jun  3 04:34:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): skip respond_to_missing? when
-	  a method is available.
-	  [Bug #11211]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_defined.rb: add a test for this fix.
-
-Wed Jun  3 04:14:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* insns.def (defined), vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined):
-	  move instruction body to the vm_defined() function.
-
-Wed Jun  3 02:29:25 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: Do not assume class variable order.
-	  Patch by @enebo.
-
-Wed Jun  3 01:10:38 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@tsg.ne.jp>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_set): remove a double assignment.
-	  Coverity Scan found this bug.
-
-Wed Jun  3 00:04:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): rename parameter names.
-
-Tue Jun  2 23:27:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: remove rb_method_iseq_t::iseqval.
-	  While making a r50728, iseqval is needed (to mark correctly),
-	  but now just iseqptr is enough.
-
-	* class.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* gc.c: ditto.
-
-	* proc.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Tue Jun  2 21:29:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_curry): remove a debug line.
-
-Tue Jun  2 12:43:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: make rb_method_entry_t a VALUE.
-	  Motivation and new data structure are described in [Bug #11203].
-
-	  This patch also solve the following issues.
-
-	  * [Bug #11200] Memory leak of method entries
-	  * [Bug #11046] __callee__ returns incorrect method name in orphan
-	                 proc
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test for [Bug #11046].
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_control_frame_t::me. me is located at value
-	  stack.
-
-	* vm_core.h, gc.c, vm_method.c: remove unlinked_method... codes
-	  because method entries are simple VALUEs.
-
-	* method.h: Now, all method entries has own independent method
-	  definitions. Strictly speaking, this change is not essential,
-	  but for future changes.
-
-	  * rb_method_entry_t::flag is move to rb_method_definition_t::flag.
-	  * rb_method_definition_t::alias_count is now
-	    rb_method_definition_t::alias_count_ptr, a pointer to the counter.
-
-	* vm_core.h, vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_frame_method_entry) added to
-	  search the current method entry from value stack.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (VM_CHECK_MODE): introduced to enable/disable
-	  assertions.
-
-Tue Jun  2 10:46:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: new test for sendmsg_nonblock
-
-Tue Jun  2 09:04:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/benchmark.rb: just use Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC
-	  [ruby-core:69390]
-
-Mon Jun  1 22:01:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (pkg_config): split --libs if --libs-only-l option
-	  is not available.  patch in [ruby-core:69428] by Hans Mackowiak.
-	  [ruby-core:69421] [Bug #11201]
-
-Mon Jun  1 21:18:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): remove a garbage character
-	  introduced at the last commit.
-
-Mon Jun  1 19:24:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_make): do not show warning message
-	  when method_entry is an alias.
-
-Mon Jun  1 15:47:16 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: move class related definitions.
-
-Mon Jun  1 15:43:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c: remove needless include pragma for method.h.
-
-	* struct.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Mon Jun  1 05:42:00 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* eval_intern.h, vm_method.c: move macros to functions.
-	  * SCOPE_TEST(f)  -> rb_frame_visibility_test(flag).
-	  * SCOPE_CHECK(f) -> rb_frame_visibility_check(flag).
-	  * SCOPE_SET(f)   -> rb_frame_visibility_set(flag).
-
-	* load.c (load_ext): use it.
-
-Mon Jun  1 04:47:37 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* ext/date/date_core.c: [DOC] Add comparison of Time and DateTime
-	  Patch provided by @pixeltrix
-
-Mon Jun  1 04:22:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h (VM_FRAME_MAGIC_DUMMY): introduce new frame type to
-	  recognize dummy frame.
-
-	* vm.c (th_init): use new frame type.
-
-	* vm_args.c (raise_argument_error): ditto.
-
-Mon Jun  1 04:15:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (rb_class_has_methods): added to reduce dependency
-	  to internal class data structure.
-
-	* internal.h: ditto.
-
-	* hash.c (has_extra_methods): use added function.
-
-Mon Jun  1 04:11:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c , gc.h (rb_obj_info): export obj_info(VALUE) for debugging.
-
-Mon Jun  1 03:52:55 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_gc.rb: increase timeout seconds for GC stressful
-	  debugging.
-
-Sun May 31 04:18:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: fix typo of comments.
-
-Sun May 31 03:36:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: add VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS rb_method_definition_t::type
-	  to fix [Bug #11173].
-
-	  Now, inter class/method alias creates new method entry
-	  VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS, which has an original method entry.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (find_defined_class_by_owner): added.
-	  Search corresponding defined_class from owner class/module.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_get_without_cache): return me->klass
-	  directly for defined_class.
-
-	  Now, no need to check me->klass any more.
-
-	* vm_method.c (method_entry_set0): separated from method_entry_set().
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): make method entry has VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS.
-
-	* vm_method.c (release_method_definition): support VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_hash_method_definition): ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_eq): ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c (release_method_definition): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_method_cfunc_entry): ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_body): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): ditto.
-
-	* proc.c (method_def_iseq): ditto.
-
-	* proc.c (method_cref): ditto.
-
-	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_min_max_arity): ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_alias.rb: add tests.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: fix a test to catch up current behavior.
-
-Sun May 31 03:34:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_unlink_method_entry): make it static.
-
-Sun May 31 03:26:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h, vm_method.c (rb_free_method_entry): constify a parameter.
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove useless declaration about rb_unlink_method_entry().
-
-Sat May 30 18:05:02 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb (Remover#call): fixed wrong condition.  introduced at
-	  r50682.
-
-Sat May 30 16:12:35 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c: use RB_GC_GUARD instead of volatile
-	  [ruby-core:69419] [Feature #11198]
-
-Sat May 30 15:59:10 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb (Tempfile#initialize): initialize @unlinked to fix
-	  test failures introduced at r50682.  I hope that check the results of
-	  tests before committing, at least the tests about the changed feature.
-
-Sat May 30 11:02:55 2015  Martin Englund <martin@englund.nu>
-
-	* doc/dtrace_probes.rdoc: change lingering dtrace probe documentation
-	  from function- to method-
-
-Sat May 30 10:26:09 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: refactoring.
-	  * use warn instead of STDERR.print
-	  * remove @tmpname and use @tmpfile.path
-	  * introduce @unlinked flag
-	  * Remover takes only @tmpfile
-	  * mode will be modified just before file reopen
-
-Sat May 30 09:02:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_generic_ivar_table): deprecate
-	* internal.h (rb_attr_delete): declare
-	* marshal.c (has_ivars): use rb_ivar_foreach
-	  (w_ivar): ditto
-	  (w_object): update for new interface
-	* time.c (time_mload): use rb_attr_delete
-	* variable.c (generic_ivar_delete): implement
-	  (rb_ivar_delete): ditto
-	  (rb_attr_delete): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69323] [Feature #11170]
-
-Sat May 30 09:14:28 2015  Scott Francis  <scott.francis@shopify.com>
-
-	* cont.c (cont_free): check if ruby_current_thread is still valid.
-	  [Fix GH-914]
-
-Sat May 30 08:36:04 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (static int special_generic_ivar): move
-	  (rb_generic_ivar_table): rewrite for compatibility
-	  (gen_ivtbl_bytes): new function
-	  (generic_ivar_get): update to use ivar index
-	  (generic_ivar_update): ditto
-	  (generic_ivar_set): ditto
-	  (generic_ivar_defined): ditto
-	  (generic_ivar_remove): ditto
-	  (rb_mark_generic_ivar): ditto
-	  (givar_i): ditto
-	  (rb_free_generic_ivar): ditto
-	  (rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl): ditto
-	  (rb_generic_ivar_memsize): ditto
-	  (rb_copy_generic_ivar): ditto
-	  (rb_ivar_set): ditto
-	  (rb_ivar_foreach): ditto
-	  (rb_ivar_count): ditto
-	  (givar_mark_i): remove
-	  (gen_ivtbl_mark): new function
-	  (gen_ivar_each): ditto
-	  (iv_index_tbl_extend): update for struct ivar_update
-	  (iv_index_tbl_newsize): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69323] [Feature #11170]
-
-Sat May 30 08:10:46 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (iv_index_tbl_make): extract from rb_ivar_set
-	  (iv_index_tbl_extend): ditto
-	  (iv_index_tbl_newsize): ditto
-	  (rb_ivar_set): use extracted functions
-	  [ruby-core:69323] (Part 1)
-
-Fri May 29 17:39:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* tool/make_hgraph.rb: added.
-
-Fri May 29 14:39:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): out of range NTH_REF is always
-	  nil.
-
-	* parse.y (parse_numvar): check overflow of NTH_REF and range.
-	  [ruby-core:69393] [Bug #11192]
-
-	* util.c (ruby_scan_digits): make public and add length parameter.
-
-Fri May 29 11:18:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal,
-	  bsock_recvmsg_internal):
-	  avoid redundant fcntl on Linux
-	  [ruby-core:69154] [Feature #11145]
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h (MSG_DONTWAIT_RELIABLE): new macro
-
-Fri May 29 10:30:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/net/resolv.rb (request): use monotonic clock
-	* lib/net/http.rb (begin_transport, end_transport): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69384] [Feature #11124]
-
-Fri May 29 04:37:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: add two methods to debug internals.
-
-	  * ObjectSpace.internal_class_of: return RBASIC_CLASS(obj).
-	  * ObjectSpace.internal_super_of: return RCLASS_SUPER(cls).
-
-	* NEWS: add information about both methods.
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: add tests for both methods.
-
-Thu May 28 06:55:53 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/tk/sample/figmemo_sample.rb (open_file),
-	  ext/tk/sample/tktextio.rb (TkTextIO): fix typo in messages.
-	  [Fix GH-916]
-
-Wed May 27 09:50:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c (ossl_asn1_traverse, ossl_asn1_decode,
-	  ossl_asn1_decode_all): use RB_GC_GUARD instead of volatile
-	  [ruby-core:69371] [Bug #11185]
-
-Wed May 27 09:27:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/drb/drb.rb (set_sockopt): remove redundant fcntl call
-	* lib/drb/unix.rb (set_sockopt): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:69128] [Feature #11137]
-
-Tue May 26 22:10:43 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): should resolve refined methods.
-	  [ruby-core:69360] [Bug #11182]
-
-Tue May 26 21:35:13 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* include/ruby/defines.h (RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE): fix condition.
-
-Mon May 25 22:35:58 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (rel): after the relations is changed,
-	  @changesets is no longer right.
-
-Mon May 25 11:27:14 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (setup_overlapped): seek to the file end only when
-	  writing (mode:a), not reading (mode:a+, read).
-
-Mon May 25 00:27:37 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* numeric.c (Numeric#negative?): [DOC] Fix call-seq.
-	  Patch by @yui-knk. [Fixes GH-908]
-
-Sun May 24 01:35:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* debug.c (ruby_debug_print_id): use rb_id2name() for fprintf().
-
-Sat May 23 18:38:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* man/*.1: updated dates in man pages.
-	  [ruby-dev:48988] [Bug #11171]
-
-Sat May 23 03:10:58 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_write_console): should return the count of
-	  actually eaten characters, include escape sequences.
-
-Fri May 22 22:36:14 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/prime.rb: Remove obsolete Prime.new
-	  patch by Ajay Kumar. [Fixes GH-891]
-
-Fri May 22 21:13:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_sym_count): move `rb_sym_all_symbols`
-	  to a symbol.c specific section.  a part of patch by Lourens
-	  Naude.
-
-Fri May 22 20:56:33 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* complex.c (f_complex_polar): simple bug reproduced only when y is
-	  a float but x is not a float.
-
-Fri May 22 19:42:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_spawn_process): do not discard global escape
-	  status.  [ruby-core:69304] [Bug #11166]
-
-	* process.c (rb_execarg_spawn): extract the start procedure in a
-	  parent process with ensuring the end procedure.
-
-Fri May 22 16:48:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* NEWS: added news for net-telnet and rake
-
-Thu May 21 20:27:07 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_DTRACE_POSTPROCESS): cmp -b is GNU extension.
-	  darwin uses GNU cmp, and FreeBSD and Solaris are not.
-	  Note that accidentally equals to expected result.
-
-Thu May 21 18:00:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c: constify.
-
-	* iseq.h: ditto.
-
-	* method.h: ditto.
-
-	* proc.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_method.c: ditto.
-
-Thu May 21 17:44:53 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c: fix issues caused by binding created from Method#to_proc.
-	  [Bug #11163]
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_new_toplevel): export as rb_vm_cref_new_toplevel().
-
-	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add some assertions.
-
-Thu May 21 17:29:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/matrix.rb: added documentation for Matrix#empty and Matrix#/
-	  [Feature #10070][ruby-dev:48433] Patch by @gogotanaka
-
-Thu May 21 17:02:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c: rename functions.
-	  * method_get_def() -> method_def()
-	  * method_get_iseq() -> method_def_iseq()
-	  * method_get_cref() -> method_cref()
-
-Thu May 21 16:52:44 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_method_get_iseq): rename to rb_method_iseq.
-
-	* iseq.c: catch up this fix.
-
-	* iseq.h: commit ditto.
-
-Thu May 21 15:41:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/telnet.rb: gemify net-telnet.
-	  [Feature #11083]
-	* gems/bundled_gems: added net-telnet to bundled gems.
-
-Thu May 21 15:37:32 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* vm_method.c: Remove private attribute warning [Bug #10967]
-	  Patch by @spastorino [Fixes GH-849]
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/849
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: Update test for changes
-
-Thu May 21 10:59:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c (method_proc): rename to method_to_proc.
-
-Thu May 21 10:51:54 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_select): [DOC] Fixes for grammar and style.
-	  [Fix GH-906]
-
-Thu May 21 08:25:19 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* variable.c (Init_var_tables): init generic_iv_tbl
-	  (rb_generic_ivar_table, generic_ivar_get, generic_ivar_set,
-	   generic_ivar_defined, generic_ivar_remove,
-	   rb_mark_generic_ivar, givar_i, rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl,
-	   rb_free_generic_ivar, rb_copy_generic_ivar, rb_ivar_foreach,
-	   rb_ivar_count): remove checks for uninitialize generic_iv_tbl
-	[ruby-core:69155] [Feature #11146]
-
-Thu May 21 04:11:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (exception_type2symbol): show correct bug message.
-
-Wed May 20 23:19:05 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/base64.rb: Fix rdoc-formatting for padding argument.
-	  [fix GH-905][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
-
-Wed May 20 13:16:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (DEPRECATED_BY): deprecate warning with preferable
-	  alternative.
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_FUNC_ATTRIBUTE): allow attribute arguments in
-	  the macro.
-
-Wed May 20 11:23:24 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_dump.c (rb_print_backtrace): return value of libexec's backtrace
-	  is size_t, so simply cast as int.
-
-Tue May 19 18:54:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_compile_with_option): check source type, must be
-	  an IO or a String.  [ruby-core:69219] [Bug #11159]
-
-Tue May 19 17:15:03 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/benchmark.rb: Update Benchmark documentation and formatting.
-	  [fix GH-903][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
-
-Tue May 19 13:10:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_positive_p): should false on Bignum 0.
-	  http://twitter.com/rafaelfranca/status/600509783427391488
-	  [ruby-core:69173] [Feature #11151]
-
-Tue May 19 11:22:28 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/uri/rfc2396_parser.rb (initialize_pattern):
-	  URI::Generic.build should accept port as a string.
-	  pattern[:PORT] is not defined for long.
-	  by Dave Slutzkin <daveslutzkin@fastmail.fm>
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/804 fix GH-804
-
-Tue May 19 11:18:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (rb_data_typed_object_alloc),
-	  (rb_data_object_alloc): add old names for source level backward
-	  compatibilities.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_data_object_alloc, rb_data_typed_object_alloc): add
-	  aliases for binary level backward compatibilities.
-
-Tue May 19 09:54:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (Data_Make_Struct0): needs function pointer
-	  casts to fix function overloading in C++.
-
-Tue May 19 09:43:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (Data_Make_Struct0, TypedData_Make_Struct0):
-	  explicit cast from void* is necessary as implicit cast is
-	  disallowed in C++.
-
-Mon May 18 15:31:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_f_notimplement): should not respond to
-	  not-implemented methods.  as the address inside a DLL and the
-	  imported address are different on Windows, use an exported
-	  variable to share the same address.
-
-Mon May 18 13:55:01 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/monitor.rb (mon_try_enter, mon_enter): should reset @mon_count
-	  just in case the previous owner thread dies without mon_exit.
-	  [fix GH-874] Patch by @chrisberkhout
-
-Sun May 17 17:21:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (set_non_blocking): use IO#nonblock=
-	* (set_close_on_exec): use IO#close_on_exec=
-	  [Feature #11136]
-
-Sun May 17 15:01:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (num_positive_p, num_negative_p): add methods
-	  Numeric#positive? and Numeric#negative?.
-	  [ruby-core:69173] [Feature #11151]
-
-	* numeric.c (flo_positive_p, flo_negative_p): specialized
-	  functions for Float.
-
-	* complex.c (Init_Complex): Complex do not have positive? and
-	  negative? methods
-
-Sun May 17 14:57:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb (accept_client): avoid redundant fcntl call
-	  [Feature #11137]
-
-Sun May 17 12:13:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (cloexec_accept): support nonblock flag and
-	  use SOCK_NONBLOCK if possible
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock):
-	  update cloexec_accept call
-	* ext/socket/init.c (accept_blocking): ditto for blocking
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: check nonblock? on accepted socket
-	  [Feature #11138]
-
-Sun May 17 03:58:59 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* load.c (loaded_feature_path): stop returning false negatives for
-	  filenames which are trailing substrings of file extensions.  For
-	  example, 'b', which a trailing substring of ".rb" should not return
-	  false. [Bug #11155][ruby-core:69206]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_autoload.rb: test for fix
-
-Sat May 16 21:41:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c: added documentation for character sequence \' with String#sub
-	  [Bug #11132][ruby-core:69121][fix GH-900][ci skip] Patch by @shishir127
-
-Sat May 16 21:38:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c: fix a sample code. Patch by @eagletmt
-	  [fix GH-901][ci skip]
-
-Sat May 16 21:17:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_data_object_wrap, rb_data_typed_object_wrap): rename
-	  alloc as wrap.  these functions do not allocate data pointers
-	  but just wrap the given pointers.
-
-Sat May 16 19:59:24 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_accept): simplified.
-
-Fri May 15 18:28:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_assoc, rb_ary_rassoc): [DOC] the result when key
-	  was found is the existing element, not a new array.  reported by
-	  Giau Nguyen <giaunv AT nustechnology.com>.
-
-Fri May 15 08:24:28 2015  Takeyuki FUJIOKA  <xibbar@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cgi/cookie.rb: Implement HttpOnly flag for cookies.
-	  [fix GH-887] Patch by @martinpovolny
-
-Fri May 15 06:54:19 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c: Change autoload to call `require` through Ruby rather
-	  than directly calling `rb_require_safe`.  This allows things like
-	  RubyGems to intercept file loading done though `autoload`.
-	  [Feature #11140]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_autoload.rb: Test for change.
-
-Wed Apr  8 19:18:02 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h)  <her@sorah.jp>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_grep_v, grep_i, grep_iter_i, Init_enum):
-	  Implement Enumerable#grep_v. [Feature #11049]
-
-Thu May 14 15:54:13 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb: Remove condition of RUBY_VERSION <= 1.9.
-	  [Feature #11082]
-
-Wed May 13 17:10:37 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_to_a): revert r50457.
-	  it requires recursion check.
-	  then, it doesn't make performance improvement.
-	  [Bug #11130] [Feature #9118]
-
-Wed May 13 11:13:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (parse_gvar): separate message for gvar without
-	  non-space characters from message for invalid identifiers.
-
-Tue May 12 22:18:27 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_to_a): fix incompatibility introduced in r50457.
-	  [Bug #11130]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_enum.rb: test for above.
-
-Tue May 12 17:08:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* method.h: remove unused declaration.
-
-Mon May 11 10:58:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: Update minitest-5.6.1 and power_assert-0.2.3.
-
-Mon May 11 00:20:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h (Data_Make_Struct, TypedData_Make_Struct):
-	  allocate wrapper data object before allocating DATA_PTR to get
-	  rid of possible memory leak when the former failed.
-
-Sun May 10 21:32:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): call dmark function for non-NULL
-	  pointers only, so that DATA_PTR can be NULL safely now.
-
-Sun May 10 16:23:58 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_binding): fix segmentation fault on marking phase.
-	  envptr of newenvval should not be NULL.
-
-	  You can reproduce by
-	   make test-all TESTS='--gc-stress -n test_to_proc_binding ruby/test_method.rb'
-
-Sun May 10 12:41:18 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/zlib/zlib.c (rb_gzreader_external_encoding):
-	  define GzipReader#external_encoding.
-	  [Bug #10900]
-
-	* test/zlib/test_zlib.rb: test for above.
-
-Sun May 10 11:57:48 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/win32ole/win32ole_variant.c: fix typo "indicies".
-	  the patch is from davydovanton <antondavydov.o at gmail.com>.
-	  [fix GH-892]
-
-	* lib/rubygems/indexer.rb: ditto.
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_indexer.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun May 10 11:44:37 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_crypt): Raise ArgumentError when
-	  string passed to String#crypt contains null.
-	  the patch is from jrusnack <jrusnack at redhat.com>.
-	  [Bug #10988] [fix GH-853]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: test for above.
-
-Sun May 10 11:23:03 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_to_a): Use size to set array capa when possible.
-	  the patch is from HonoreDB <aweiner at mdsol.com>.
-	  [fix GH-444]
-
-Sat May  9 06:48:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): GC guard
-	  [Bug #11123]
-
-Fri May  8 22:57:24 2015  takiy33  <takiy33@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/matrix/test_matrix.rb (test_determinant): refactor test on
-	  Matrix#determinant, by merging with test_det for an alias method
-	  det.  [Fix GH-897]
-
-Fri May  8 15:43:11 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (body_ext_mpart): should work even if body-fld-dsp
-	  is omitted.  [ruby-core:69093] [Bug #11128]
-
-Fri May  8 15:05:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc: fix a missing "a"
-	  [fix GH-888][ci skip] Patch by @riffraff
-
-Fri May  8 12:11:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_method_call_status): resolve refined method entry
-	  to check if undefined.  [ruby-core:69064] [Bug #11117]
-
-Thu May  7 22:22:59 2015  Sho Hashimoto  <sho-h@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c: [DOC] fix Binding#local_variable_set example. [ci skip]
-
-Thu May  7 11:32:57 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in (rbconfig.rb): add rule to make.
-
-Thu May  7 05:14:39 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (connect_nonblock): use IO#wait_writable
-	* lib/drb/drb.rb (DRB::DRbTCPSocket#alive?): use IO#wait_readable
-	* lib/webrick/httpserver.rb (run): ditto
-	* lib/resolv.rb (request): ditto for single socket case
-	  [ruby-core:68943] [Feature #11081]
-
-Wed May  6 22:49:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_method_call_status): undefined refined method is
-	  not callable unless using.  [ruby-core:69064] [Bug #11117]
-
-Sun May  3 22:40:06 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c: need to include sys/statvfs.h
-	  to use statvfs().
-
-	* ext/-test-/file/extconf.rb: check the existence of
-	  sys/statvfs.h
-
-Sun May  3 21:59:48 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/yaml.rb: fix typo. [ci skip][fix GH-890]
-	  Patch by @miketheman
-
-Sun May  3 10:02:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* range.c (linear_object_p, range_include): test if covered for
-	  linear objects.  [ruby-core:69052] [Bug #11113]
-
-Fri May  1 13:30:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln.c (dln_load): check if a different libruby is loaded by the
-	  extension library, and then bail out to get rid of very
-	  frequently reported stale bug reports.
-
-Thu Apr 30 19:51:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): revert r46873 and r46875, not to
-	  allow to execute private readers by pretending op assign.
-	  [ruby-core:68984] [Bug #11096]
-
-Thu Apr 30 17:02:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* rational.c: Added documentation for rational literal.
-	  [Bug #11075][fix GH-885][ci skip] Patch by @shishir127
-
-Thu Apr 30 16:39:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/ipsocket.c (init_inetsock_internal): preserve errno
-	  before other library calls and use rb_syserr_fail.
-	  [ruby-core:68531] [Bug #10975]
-
-Thu Apr 30 16:22:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (lambda): push and reset cmdarg_stack in lambda body.
-	  [ruby-core:69017] [Bug #11107]
-
-Sun Apr 26 07:36:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enc/utf_8.c (code_to_mbclen, code_to_mbc): reject values larger
-	  than UTF-8 max codepoints.  [Feature #11094]
-
-Sat Apr 25 14:26:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (str_buf_cat): expand later so that the buffer can be
-	  larger for further use.  [Bug #11080] [Bug #11095]
-
-Fri Apr 24 23:48:45 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* misc/ruby-electric.el: Import version 2.2.3 from
-	  https://github.com/knu/ruby-electric.el.
-
-Fri Apr 24 10:40:02 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_{getc,putc}): removed.  they are needed for old
-	  ruby (before 1.8), but not now.
-
-Fri Apr 24 08:40:13 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c: remove bcc related code.
-
-	* include/ruby/win32.h: ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 24 08:21:07 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_acrt_lowio_lock_fh): wrap _pioinfo(i)->lock.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_acrt_lowio_unlock_fh): ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 24 06:47:19 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (_filbuf): msvc14 doesn't have it, use _fgetc_nolock.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (_flsbuf): msvc14 doesn't have it, use _fputc_nolock.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (vcruntime_file): define vcruntime_file on msvc14
-	  because it doesn't export FILE's internal structure.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FILE_COUNT): added to abstract FILE->_cnt.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FILE_READPTR): added to abstract FILE->_ptr.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (FILE_FILENO): added to abstract FILE->_file.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (init_stdhandle): use FILE_FILENO.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_getc): use FILE_COUNT and FILE_READPTR.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_putc): ditto.
-
-Fri Apr 24 06:37:07 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (dupfd): use _set_osfhnd.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wopen): use _set_osflags.
-
-Thu Apr 24 05:38:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_roots): fox to work PRINT_ROOT_TICKS.
-
-Fri Apr 24 04:49:05 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub: MSVC14 have struct timespec.
-
-	* win32/rtname.cmd: support vcruntime140.dll.
-
-	* time.c (localtime_with_gmtoff_zone): MSVC14 doesn't have tzname and
-	  daylight but have _tzname and _daylight.
-
-Thu Apr 23 11:35:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_obj_instance_eval, rb_obj_instance_exec): allow
-	  symbols to just instance_eval/exec, except for definition of
-	  singletons.  [ruby-core:68961] [Bug #11086]
-
-Thu Apr 23 10:01:36 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/delegate.rb: fix a typo.
-	  [fix GH-881][ci skip] Patch by @Zorbash
-
-Wed Apr 22 18:36:50 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/imap.rb (move, uid_move): support the MOVE command defined
-	  in RFC6851.  Patch by ojab ojab.
-	  [ruby-core:68960] [Feature #11077]
-
-Tue Apr 22 12:42:12 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_object.rb: add tests for Kernel#String and Kernel#Array.
-	  [fix GH-879][fix GH-880] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Tue Apr 21 20:46:02 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_object.rb: renamed tests to explicitly class name.
-	  [fix GH-877] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Tue Apr 21 05:31:00 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (connect_internal): avoid common exceptions
-	  from connect_nonblock. [ruby-core:68909]
-
-Mon Apr 20 23:46:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wreadlink): follow the official format of
-	  REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER structure.
-
-Mon Apr 20 20:23:04 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk ($(arch)-fake.rb): revert r50354 because bsdmake seems not
-	  to handle such substitution.
-
-	* tool/expand-config.rb: convert path separators here.
-
-Mon Apr 20 16:52:20 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/fake.rb: don't fake libdir.  use libdirname instead.
-
-Mon Apr 20 16:49:52 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (MakeMakefile#configuration): DESTDIR should never affect
-	  top_srcdir and builddir.
-
-Mon Apr 20 16:18:17 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk ($(arch)-fake.rb): fix the path separator up for Windows.
-
-Mon Apr 20 15:02:47 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wreadlink): fixed a bug that a junction misses
-	  its drive letter.
-
-Mon Apr 20 12:54:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/*: use license instead of licence.
-	  [fix GH-876][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
-	* lib/net/https.rb: ditto.
-
-Mon Apr 20 12:42:40 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_so_meteor_contest.rb: fix a typo.
-	  [fix GH-876][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
-	* tool/bisect.sh: ditto.
-	* tool/update-deps: ditto.
-
-Mon Apr 20 11:10:46 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock): do not raise EISCONN
-	  [ruby-core:68926] [Feature #11072]
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: check non-EISCONN on 2nd connect
-
-Sun Apr 19 12:19:17 2015  Chad Brewbaker  <crb002@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/{etc,openssl,tk}: Adding parens and comparisons around
-	  assignments to get rid of Wparentheses warnings.  [Fix GH-875]
-
-Sun Apr 19 10:42:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (get_env_cstr): environment variables must be ASCII
-	  compatible, as dummy encodings and wide char encodings are
-	  unsupported now.
-
-Sat Apr 18 15:18:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/json/parser/parser.rl: raise with messages in UTF-8
-	  encoding.  [ruby-core:67386] [Bug #10705]
-
-Fri Apr 17 11:58:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (STR_SET_EMBED): clear NOFREE flag at embedding as
-	  embedded strings no longer refer static strings.
-	  [ruby-core:68436] [Bug #10942]
-
-Thu Apr 16 05:15:50 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* NEWS: note IO#wait_readable change in r50263
-
-Thu Apr 16 05:09:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb (rbuf_fill): use IO#wait_*able
-	* lib/net/http/generic_request.rb (wait_for_continue): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:68891] [Feature #11056]
-
-Wed Apr 15 18:43:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_trace.c (rb_tracepoint_new): fix documentation.
-	  Commented by @emilsoman.
-
-Wed Apr 15 17:36:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_trace.c (rb_tracepoint_new): Add documentation for
-	  rb_tracepoint_new C level API [ci skip]
-	  Provided by @emilsoman. [fix GH-869]
-
-Wed Apr 15 10:37:40 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/contributors.rdoc: fix a typo. Patch by @davydovanton
-	  [fix GH-872][ci skip]
-	* doc/syntax/methods.rdoc: ditto.
-	* ext/digest/sha2/sha2.c: ditto.
-	* ext/socket/ipsocket.c: ditto.
-	* ext/tk/*: ditto.
-
-Wed Apr 15 07:51:23 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
-
-	* doc/extension.ja.rdoc: Added description of TypedData_XXX.
-	  Deprecated the old DATA_XXX.
-	  Reviewed by ko1 and nobu.
-	  Fixes [ruby-dev:40881] #3064
-
-	* doc/extension.rdoc: ditto.
-
-Wed Apr 15 07:34:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (reserve_stack): keep sp safe zone to get rid
-	  of crash by -fstack-check.  [ruby-core:68740] [Bug #11030]
-
-Tue Apr 14 16:03:49 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/merger.rb (versionup): should also increment revision when
-	  changing teeny.
-
-Tue Apr 14 11:24:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/-test-/printf/printf.c (uint_to_str): renamed to get rid of
-	  conflict on cygwin.  [ruby-core:68877] [Bug #11065]
-
-Tue Apr 14 08:59:04 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* gc.c: [DOC] Improve documentation for ObjectSpace.count_objects
-	  with regards to `:TOTAL` key, with patch by @schneems [Fixes GH-871]
-	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/871 [Bug #11067]
-
-Mon Apr 13 22:44:07 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/lib/envutil.rb (File.mkfifo): Defined using mkfifo command.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: Use File.mkfifo.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: Ditto.
-
-Mon Apr 13 21:20:20 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: stricter hostname verification
-	  following RFC 6125. with the patch provided by Tony Arcieri and
-	  Hiroshi Nakamura [ruby-core:61545] [Bug #9644]
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: add tests for above.
-
-Sun Apr 12 18:40:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json/json.gemspec: bump version to 1.8.2.
-	* ext/json/lib/json/version.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Apr 12 18:12:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json/json.gemspec, lib/rdoc/rdoc.gemspec: added gemspec directly.
-	* defs/default_gems, tool/rbinstall.rb: removed default_gems definition.
-	  it make simple installation for default gems.
-
-Sun Apr 12 17:35:17 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json/*, test/json/*: Reverted r50231.  Because it's not
-	  working with cross-compile environment.
-
-Sun Apr 12 15:34:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (arg): fix segfault by null caused by syntax error.
-	  [ruby-core:68851] [Bug #10957]
-
-Sun Apr 12 15:11:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb: use explicitly exception class and reverted
-	  to require JSON library for rubygems tests with Ruby 2.2.0 or earlier.
-
-Sun Apr 12 15:10:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/wait/wait.c (io_wait_readable): simply returns that IO is
-	  readable without blocking, but no longer returns EOF.
-
-	* ext/io/wait/wait.c (io_ready_p, io_wait_readable): try polling
-	  first and check FIONREAD optionally to see if EOF.
-	  [ruby-core:36805] [Feature #4849]
-
-Sun Apr 12 14:53:23 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb: fixed json load error for rubygems tests.
-
-Sun Apr 12 14:13:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* gc.c: Document require name for ObjectSpace methods.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-860] Patch by @schneems
-
-Sun Apr 12 13:54:05 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: New test that open(fifo) doesn't block other
-	  threads.
-
-Sun Apr 12 13:52:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/coverage/coverage.c: Remove extension from require argument.
-	  [ci skip][fix GH-870] Patch by @yui-knk
-
-Sun Apr 12 10:29:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_connect_nonblock):
-	  support `exception: false'
-	* (get_no_exception): move function location
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock):
-	  support `exception: false'
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb (test_connect_accept_nonblock_no_exception):
-	  test `exception: false' on connect,
-	  rename from `test_accept_nonblock_no_exception'
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb (test_connect_nonblock_no_exception):
-	  new test
-
-Sun Apr 12 09:57:16 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test a block device on GNU/Linux.
-
-Sun Apr 12 09:24:03 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test a file not owned.
-
-Sun Apr 12 09:05:44 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/depend: Fix "Wrong mix of special targets" error with
-	  OpenBSD make.
-
-Sun Apr 12 09:04:37 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Windows doesn't support Unix file
-	  modes.
-
-Sun Apr 12 08:56:44 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c: OpenBSD needs sys/param.h before sys/mount.h.
-
-Sun Apr 12 08:52:01 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test suid, sgid and sticky file.
-
-Sat Apr 11 23:48:30 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* template/fake.rb.in: Don't assign baseruby, Because it's affect to
-	  Makefile of native gem like json on bundled gems.
-
-Sat Apr 11 23:33:22 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_f_test): Consider nsec for "=", "<" and ">" for "test"
-	  method.
-
-Sat Apr 11 23:26:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb: support destdir for native extension gem.
-
-Sat Apr 11 21:02:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb
-	  (TestFileExhaustive#test_stat_socket_p): r50226 accidentally missed
-	  the guard for non-unix environments.
-
-Sat Apr 11 20:14:21 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json/*, test/json/*, defs/default_gems: Gemify JSON library.
-	  [fix GH-867][Feature #11057]
-	* test/ruby/test_extlibs.rb: removed json gem from existence extensions.
-	* gems/bundled_gems: added json gem into bundled gem.
-	* lib/rdoc/rubygems_hook.rb: ignored no json environment.
-	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb, test/rubygems/*: ditto.
-	* lib/rdoc/test_case.rb, test/rdoc/*: ditto.
-
-Sat Apr 11 15:56:58 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Create sample files lazily.
-
-Sat Apr 11 14:03:47 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test character device using
-	  /dev/null.
-
-Sat Apr 11 10:59:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (append_cppflags, append_cflags, append_ldflags):
-	  utility methods to append compiler options.
-
-Sat Apr 11 08:22:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rdoc/text.rb: removed duplicated code.
-
-Sat Apr 11 04:46:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/net/protocol.rb (rbuf_fill): avoid exception with read_nonblock
-	  [ruby-core:68787] [Feature #11044]
-
-Fri Apr 10 23:57:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (need_normalization): use getattrlist() if fgetattrlist()
-	  is unavailable, on OSX 10.5.  [ruby-core:68829] [Bug #11054]
-
-Fri Apr 10 22:29:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_compile): pass the given werror flag to try_do
-	  to check if stderr is empty.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cflags, try_ldflags): default werror to true.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (WERRORFLAG): remove useless option.  VC does
-	  not make warnings of unknown command option an error.
-
-Fri Apr 10 19:34:24 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test socket.
-
-Fri Apr 10 19:38:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: remove debug prints.
-
-Fri Apr 10 19:35:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: add ObjectSpace.count_imemo_objects method
-	  to count imemo objects for each type.
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: add a test.
-
-	* NEWS: describe about this addition.
-
-Fri Apr 10 19:34:24 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test anonymous pipe.
-
-Fri Apr 10 19:31:56 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test named pipe.
-
-Fri Apr 10 19:10:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (setup_hash): unify common routine.
-
-Fri Apr 10 18:29:49 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* process.c (rb_execarg_parent_start1): Handle EINTR.
-
-Fri Apr 10 17:27:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm.c (vm_exec): check other events when RETURN is thrown.
-	  [Bug #10724]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add a test.
-
-Fri Apr 10 11:44:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/date/extconf.rb: check warnings.
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cflags): pass options to try_compile.
-
-	* win32/Makefile.sub (WERRORFLAG): make unknown command line
-	  options an error.
-
-Fri Apr 10 08:00:17 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: unfortunately, windows is not POSIX...
-	  cygwin has mkfifo command, but it does not affect system-wide.
-
-Fri Apr 10 02:18:53 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: Use mkfifo command instead of mknod
-	  command to create a named pipe.  mkfifo command is defined by POSIX.
-
-Fri Apr 10 01:29:05 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* process.c: Release GVL when opening a file in spawn() to avoid whole
-	  process blocking when opening a named pipe.
-	  (open_func): New function.
-	  (rb_execarg_parent_start1): Extracted from rb_execarg_parent_start and
-	  use rb_thread_call_without_gvl2 to release GVL when opening a file.
-	  (rb_execarg_parent_start): Invoke rb_execarg_parent_start1 via
-	  rb_protect and invoke rb_execarg_parent_end when error.
-
-Thu Apr  9 22:19:19 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* process.c (redirect_open): Removed.
-
-Thu Apr  9 21:38:20 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* internal.h (rb_execarg_parent_end): Declared.
-
-	* process.c: "spawn" opens files in the parent process.
-	  (check_exec_redirect): Add an placeholder for fd in parameters
-	  for fd_open.
-	  (check_exec_fds_1): Delete fd_open condition.
-	  (check_exec_fds): Don't call check_exec_fds_1 with fd_open.
-	  (rb_execarg_parent_start): Open files specified as "spawn" options
-	  and add "dup2" options.
-	  (rb_execarg_parent_end): New function to close opened fds.
-	  (run_exec_open): Removed.
-	  (rb_execarg_run_options): Don't call run_exec_open.
-	  (rb_spawn_internal): Call rb_execarg_parent_end.
-
-	* io.c (pipe_open): Call rb_execarg_parent_end.
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c (establishShell): Call rb_execarg_parent_end.
-
-Thu Apr  9 20:52:31 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* internal.h (rb_execarg_parent_start): Renamed from rb_execarg_fixup.
-
-	* process.c: Follows the above change.
-
-	* io.c: Ditto.
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c: Ditto.
-
-Thu Apr  9 20:35:12 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* process.c (fd_clear_cloexec): Extracted from run_exec_dup2.
-
-Thu Apr  9 09:26:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ccan/list/list.h: sync with ccan upstream
-	  [ccan commit c2fbfe5282ba264f3485586e7efa8a5967f2d386]
-
-Thu Apr  9 08:24:03 2015  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (addrinfo_mload): fix memory leak of
-	  addrinfo.  [ruby-dev:48923] [Bug #11051]
-
-Wed Apr  8 17:45:02 2015  Shannon Skipper  <shannonskipper@gmail.com>
-
-	* version.c (Init_version): the version of the engine or
-	  interpreter.  [Fix GH-858]
-
-Wed Apr  8 16:15:30 2015  Kenta Murata  <mrkn@cookpad.com>
-
-	* bigdecimal: conform to ruby's license.  [ruby-core:68466] [Bug #10952]
-
-Wed Apr  8 14:57:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wreadlink): should treat junctions like as
-	  symlinks.
-
-Wed Apr  8 14:03:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb: fix syntax error.
-
-Wed Apr  8 13:01:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): Symbols are compared by the identities
-	  always.  [ruby-core:68767] [Bug #11035]
-
-Tue Apr  7 10:22:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* internal.h: fix typo. Patch by @sferik [fix GH-865]
-
-Mon Apr  6 22:52:35 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* enum.c: Enumerable#chunk and Enumerable#slice_before no longer takes
-	  the initial_state argument.  [Feature #10958]
-
-Mon Apr  6 16:09:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_args.c: protect value stack from calling other methods
-	  during complex parameter setting process (splat, kw, and so on).
-	  [Bug #11027]
-
-	* vm_core.h: remove rb_thread_t::mark_stack_len.
-	  With this modification, we don't need to use th->mark_stack_len.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_keyword.rb: add a test.
-
-	* cont.c (cont_capture): catch up this fix.
-
-	* vm.c (rb_thread_mark): ditto.
-
-Mon Apr  6 11:26:42 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/downloader.rb (http_options): prevent content auto decoding
-	  because this is a downloader.
-
-Sun Apr  5 09:55:18 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/contributing.rdoc: update Maintainers list.
-
-Sun Apr  5 09:11:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb: fix bin script permission of bundled gems.
-
-Sun Apr  5 08:46:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb: support --program-suffix option.
-
-Sat Apr  4 21:31:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rake/*: Gemify rake [fix GH-862][Feature #11025]
-	* test/rake/*: ditto.
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb: ditto.
-
-Sat Apr  4 11:30:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_setbyte): check the argument first not to
-	  discard shared string and code range unnecessarily until
-	  actually changing the contents.  pointed out by headius.
-
-Sat Apr  4 08:16:43 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (edit_path): use path which is absolute ftp url
-	  on using ftp_proxy.
-
-Fri Apr  3 11:43:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_cfunc): update invoker arguments.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_cfunc_latter): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_call_cfunc_push_frame): ditto, and prefix
-	  with rb_.
-
-Thu Apr  2 16:26:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk, tool/mkconfig.rb: check the running ruby version in
-	  rbconfig.rb with the program version, as RUBY_VERSION has never
-	  been affected by --with-ruby-version option.
-	  [ruby-core:68639] [Bug #11002]
-
-	* configure.in (LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS): compatibility_version must be
-	  valid version numbers, not an arbitrary string.
-
-Wed Apr  1 11:09:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (push_glob): remove indirect links of arguments for
-	  trampoline.
-
-Wed Apr  1 09:59:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/fileutils.rb (FileUtils#mv): show the exact target path in
-	  the error message instead of the destination parent directory
-	  name.  patched by Joao Britto <jabcalves AT gmail.com> at
-	  [ruby-core:68706].  [Bug #11021]
-
-Tue Mar 31 15:25:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/ChangeLog-0.06_to_0.52: added archived Changelog.
-	  [ruby-list:50105]
-	* doc/ChangeLog-0.50_to_0.60: ditto.
-	* doc/ChangeLog-0.60_to_1.1: ditto.
-
-Mon Mar 30 22:02:55 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
-
-	* README.EXT.ja: add redirect [ruby-core:68631]
-
-Mon Mar 30 14:42:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (fileattr_to_unixmode, winnt_lstat): deal with
-	  symbolic link than directory, and set executable bits.
-
-Mon Mar 30 11:27:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (copy_stream_body): use the arguments without conversion if
-	  having read, readpartial, and write methods, than conversion by
-	  to_path method.  [ruby-core:68676] [Bug #11015]
-
-Sun Mar 29 21:08:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* gc.c (objspace_allrefs_destruct_i): fix a typo.
-	  [Bug #11013]
-
-Sun Mar 29 11:51:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_binding): replicate env from method object, and
-	  allocate the local variable area for the iseq local table.
-	  [ruby-core:68673] [Bug #11012]
-
-Sat Mar 28 09:19:41 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/date/extconf.rb: try_cflags("-std=iso9899:1999") [Bug #10906]
-	  ruby itself (including numeric.c) is built with strict compile
-	  options including -std=iso9899:1999, but ext/date is not.
-	  By the way -std=iso9899:1999 is not only a warning option but also
-	  changes behavior like MACRO definitions for example INFINITY.
-	  gcc on Solaris affect this.
-
-Fri Mar 27 16:34:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk: revert using BOOTSTRAPRUBY for enc.mk, as
-	  enc/depend uses CONFIG.  [ruby-core:68647] [Bug #11004]
-
-Thu Mar 26 10:05:13 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/test_observer.rb: add tests for Observable module.
-	  [fix GH-859] Patch by @brightbits
-
-Thu Mar 26 06:35:10 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* README.EXT: add redirect [ruby-core:68631]
-
-Wed Mar 25 16:46:49 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: Solaris 11 has struct tcp_info.tcpi_ca_state,
-	  but it is a dummy.
-
-	* ext/socket/option.c: Solaris 11 doesn't have u_intN_t.
-
-	* ext/socket/option.c: Solaris 11 needs inspect_tcpi_msec.
-
-	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c: Solaris 11 has AF_PACKET but doesn't have
-	  related macros.
-
-Wed Mar 25 17:03:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c (get_fsname): try magic number only if
-	  f_type is included.  [ruby-dev:48913] [Bug #11000]
-
-Wed Mar 25 11:20:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_flo.rb: make more realistic data.
-	  [ruby-core:68632] [[Bug #10999]
-
-Wed Mar 25 10:39:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* .document: removed needless entries.
-
-Wed Mar 25 08:07:28 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* doc/extension.rdoc: fix spelling of filename
-	* doc/extension.ja.rdoc: ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 25 06:55:43 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* complex.c (k_inexact_p, k_exact_zero_p): use k_exact_zero_p macro
-	  to remove k_inexact_p macro.
-
-	* complex.c (k_exact_one_p): remove unused macro k_exact_one_p.
-
-Tue Mar 24 22:23:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/extension.rdoc: move from toplevel document and added extname.
-	* doc/extension.ja.rdoc: ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 24 22:06:58 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/standard_library.rdoc: strip.
-
-Tue Mar 24 22:06:27 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/standard_library.rdoc: move Thread to Extensions.
-
-Tue Mar 24 21:59:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/contributing.rdoc: update Maintainers list.
-
-Tue Mar 24 19:10:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational): fix messages for rb_bug().
-	  Remove `rb_' prefix.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_incremental): ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 24 17:34:01 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* README.ja.md: should be chunibyo.
-
-Tue Mar 24 17:30:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c (get_fsname): return filesystem name by
-	  statfs/statvfs.  [ruby-core:68624] [Bug #10998]
-
-Tue Mar 24 16:46:02 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: now doesn't required spaces just after
-	  `!`.
-
-Mon Mar 23 23:18:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_close): don't raise on double close for consistent to
-	  IO#close.  [Feature #10950]
-
-Mon Mar 23 21:22:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_readlink): move from file.c for better buffer
-	  allocation and the result encoding.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (wreadlink, rb_w32_ureadlink): implement readlink().
-
-Mon Mar 23 14:40:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (winnt_stat): stat with following symbolic links.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (winnt_lstat): rename old winnt_stat, which does
-	  not follow symbolic links.
-
-Mon Mar 23 01:44:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (r_symreal): register symbol names as strings first so
-	  that r_symlink always returns valid names.
-	  [ruby-core:68587] [Bug #10991]
-
-	* marshal.c (r_ivar, r_object0): now need to intern symbol names.
-
-	* marshal.c (r_object0): compare with symbol names.
-
-Sun Mar 22 22:07:40 2015  Kouhei Sutou  <kou@cozmixng.org>
-
-	* doc/etc.rd.ja: Fix wrong coding for Emacs.
-
-Sun Mar 22 09:53:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/make-snapshot (package): add default CONFIGURE name to
-	  follow r50039.
-
-	* tool/make-snapshot (package): substitute configuration variables
-	  in Makefile.in instead of passing by the command line, and make
-	  temporary Makefile instead of a pipe.
-
-Sun Mar 22 08:09:47 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk (ext/ripper/ripper.c, ext/rbconfig/sizeof/sizes.c):
-	  strip autogenerated dependencies which have invalid syntax in
-	  other than nmake.
-
-Sat Mar 21 15:01:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/console/console.c (console_set_winsize): use handle for
-	  writing.  GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo seems failing on a handle
-	  for reading.
-
-	* io.c: [DOC] update the example of IO#winsize to use $stdout
-	  instead of $stdin, which does not work on Windows.  a patch by
-	  Jan Lelis <mail AT janlelis.de> at [ruby-core:68574].
-	  [Bug #10986]
-
-Fri Mar 20 18:41:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* proc.c (respond_to_missing_p): check if the receiver responds to
-	  the given method by respond_to_missing?.
-
-	* proc.c (mnew_missing): create Method object for method_missing.
-	  [ruby-core:68564] [Bug #10985]
-
-Fri Mar 20 17:43:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* .travis.yml: enabled email notification.
-
-Fri Mar 20 17:39:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* .travis.yml: removed Ruby 1.9.3 build on Travis CI
-
-Fri Mar 20 12:38:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): obj_info() can receive internal objects.
-
-	* gc.c (check_rvalue_consistency): obj_info() returns const char *.
-
-Fri Mar 20 12:14:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): show class name and T_DATA type_name.
-
-Thu Mar 19 22:12:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute): `dest' can be WB unprotected.
-
-Thu Mar 19 21:25:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute): demote `dest' object.
-
-Thu Mar 19 16:18:00 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c, internal.h: export rb_gc_verify_internal_consistency().
-
-Thu Mar 19 16:15:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): show allocation site if GC_DEBUG is not 0.
-
-Thu Mar 19 16:12:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (newobj_of): fix RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK logics.
-	  * skip on incremental marking because not sure what happen :p
-	  * rb_gc_writebarrier_remember() is enough to mark children.
-
-Thu Mar 19 16:08:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute): need demote for old objects.
-
-Thu Mar 19 10:31:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c (fill_random_bytes): release the handle in the static
-	  variable, not a local variable.
-
-Thu Mar 19 06:30:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* object.c (rb_obj_clone): do not touch age (FL_PROMOTED[01]) because
-	  rb_obj_alloc() can return old object in debug.
-
-Thu Mar 19 06:29:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: flag name was changed
-	  (long_lived -> uncollectible).
-
-Thu Mar 19 05:30:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* iseq.c (iseq_mark): skip some marking if iseq->orig is available.
-
-	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_clone): need WB for iseq1->klass = iseq0->klass
-	  (done in MEMCPY).
-
-Thu Mar 19 04:55:53 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h (IMEMO_DEBUG): added.
-
-	* internal.h: remove unused FL_IMEMO_MARK_V[0-3].
-
-	* gc.c (rb_imemo_new_debug): added.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): show imemo type name.
-
-Thu Mar 19 04:52:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK): add check mechanism.
-
-	  If RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK > 0, then create old objects
-	  (not new objects) periodically.
-
-	  Create one old objects per RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK objects are
-	  created.
-
-Thu Mar 19 04:46:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): add WBs.
-
-Thu Mar 19 03:37:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (check_rvalue_consistency): refactoring.
-	  * not inline on RGENGC_CHECK_MODE > 0.
-	  * check SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj) first.
-	  * add a check that remembered_bit is only TRUE when old (age == 3).
-
-	* gc.c (RVALUE_DEMOTE): should clear RVALUE_REMEMBERED bit.
-
-	  remembered_bit should be TRUE only for old (age == 3) objects.
-
-	  Actually there are no effect because demoted objects will be
-	  uncollectible WB unprotected objects (marked at the beginning of
-	  every minor GC).
-
-Thu Mar 19 02:52:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: rename terminologies.
-	  * long_lived -> uncollectible:
-	    because this bitmap does not mean "long lived objects in past",
-	    but means "prohibit collection these objects until next major GC".
-
-	    Uncollectible objects consist of two types objects, one is old
-	    objects (WB protected objects which age == 3) and another is
-	    uncollectible WB unprotected objects which are referred from old
-	    objects
-
-	  * remembered_wb_unprotected_objects ->
-	    uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects:
-	    because uncollectible objects does not mean remembered objects.
-
-Wed Mar 18 17:21:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational): add an alternative write
-	  barrier (WB) implementation.
-	  When finding reference from [Old obj] to [New obj] by WB, current
-	  implementation marks [Old obj] as remembered old objects and marks
-	  children of [Old obj] at the beginning of marking.
-
-	  Added (but disabled) code changes current behaviour. This fix promote
-	  [New obj] to old and marks as a remembered old object. We can assume
-	  "new objects referred from old objects are maybe long-lived old
-	  objects".
-
-	  Disadvantage of added algorithm is we may promote unwilling
-	  short-lived objects. For example, consider many new objects push and
-	  pop to an old stack object. All of new objects (short-lived objects)
-	  promote to old objects unexpectedly.
-
-	  To compare these behaviour, I add this new code (but disabled it).
-
-Wed Mar 18 17:14:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (RVALUE_PROMOTE_RAW): rename to RVALUE_OLD_LONG_LIVED_SET()
-	  to make clear.
-
-Wed Mar 18 17:10:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (check_rvalue_consistency): do not need to check is_sweeping().
-
-Wed Mar 18 14:13:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary.rb: run GC to finish "marking" phase.
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_obj.rb: ditto.
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted.rb: add parameter
-	  full_mark: false to invoke only minor GC.
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_obj_promoted.rb: ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 18 12:07:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* string.c: add a comment about RSTRING_FSTR.
-
-Wed Mar 18 12:01:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): use same hash values with Float#hash so
-	  that -0.0 and +0.0 will be identical.
-	  [ruby-core:68541] [Bug #10979]
-
-Wed Mar 18 05:34:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* string.c: introduce STR_FAKESTR to show string is FAKESTR or not.
-
-	* string.c (STR_SET_SHARED): ignore FAKESTR because only Ruby objects
-	  can use write barrier.
-
-Tue Mar 17 18:59:16 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: use rb_gc_writebrrier() simply.
-	  For incremental GC, we need to get a pointer to the objspace.
-	  We can share this pointer for the following WB process.
-	  And considering icache hit ratio, process in the GC.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_gc_writebarrier): added.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational, gc_writebarrier_incremental):
-	  make them NOINLINE because inlining them into rb_gc_writebarrier()
-	  makes a prologue code of rb_gc_writebarrier() longer (storing callee
-	  save registers).
-
-	  This patch improve the performance of WB on micro-benchmarks.
-
-	  name                   ruby 2.1   trunk   modified
-	  vm1_gc_wb_ary*            0.511   0.632      0.532
-	  vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted*   0.578   0.701      0.674
-	  vm1_gc_wb_obj*            0.419   0.575      0.492
-	  vm1_gc_wb_obj_promoted*   0.537   0.664      0.618
-	                                                 (sec)
-
-Tue Mar 17 18:51:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary(_promoted).rb: separate fastpath and
-	  slowpath for WB.
-
-	  Before this change bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary.rb tried to check the performance
-	  for WB slowpath (making a reference from oldobj to newobj). However,
-	  from Ruby 2.2, 3 GCs are needed to promote new objects because
-	  only 3 age objects are promoted objects.
-
-	  To compare fastpath and slowpath, introduce new "promoted" version
-	  benchmark.
-
-	  bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary.rb is for fastpath and
-	  bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted.rb is for slowpath.
-
-	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_obj(_promoted).rb: ditto.
-
-Tue Mar 17 17:23:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): distinguish not-yet-stated and DT_UNKNOWN
-	  by readdir, and traverse recursively for the former.  Linux
-	  readdir returns DT_UNKNOWN on some filesystems, e.g., smbfs,
-	  iso9660.
-
-Mon Mar 16 17:43:21 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb: Fix regression bug in WEBrick's
-	  :DoNotReverseLookup config option implementation.
-	  [fix GH-731] Patch by @vais
-	* test/webrick/test_do_not_reverse_lookup.rb: ditto.
-
-Sat Mar 14 20:05:23 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (math_gamma): optimization for passed small integer.
-
-Sat Mar 14 18:07:23 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c: [DOC] Fixes Enumerable#member? documentation
-	  [fix GH-756][ci skip] Patch by @shamanime
-
-Sat Mar 14 12:23:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): use d_type to reduce lstat system calls.
-
-	* win32/dir.h (struct direct): add d_type instead of d_isdir and
-	  d_isrep.  SYMLINKD is unreliable, since the target can be
-	  replaced after a link was created.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (readdir_internal): set d_type.
-
-Sat Mar 14 02:14:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (primary): empty parentheses at cmdarg can be null.
-	  [ruby-core:68477] [Bug #10957]
-
-Fri Mar 13 15:04:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_close): don't raise on double
-	  close for consistent to IO#close.
-
-Fri Mar 13 15:03:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close_read, rb_io_close_write): don't raise after
-	  close same as IO#close.
-
-Fri Mar 13 12:29:07 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/readline/test_readline.rb: Restore environment variables:
-	  COLUMNS LINES
-
-Fri Mar 13 11:37:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/extconf.rb: needs --enable-shared when linked to
-	  libruby or fiddle.so.  since --with-static-linked-ext does no
-	  longer link extensions to ruby program with --enable-shared, the
-	  only combination needs --enable-static is --disable-shared and
-	  --with-static-linked-ext.  [ruby-dev:48901] [Bug #10960]
-
-Fri Mar 13 07:02:20 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock): use rb_hash_lookup2
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (get_no_exception): new function
-	  (ossl_ssl_accept_nonblock): use get_no_exception
-	  (ossl_ssl_read_internal): ditto
-	  (ossl_ssl_write_nonblock): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:68511]
-
-Fri Mar 13 07:01:38 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: predefine wait_*able symbols
-
-Thu Mar 12 22:59:53 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb: Check environment variables.
-
-Thu Mar 12 05:54:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock):
-	  support exception: false
-	  [ruby-core:66385] [Feature #10532]
-	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_init_socket_init): define new symbols
-	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototype
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_accept_nonblock): support exception: false
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_accept_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): adjust accept_nonblock definition
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): ditto
-	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c (rsock_init_tcpserver): ditto
-	* ext/socket/unixserver.c (rsock_init_unixserver): ditto
-	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c (tcp_accept_nonblock): adjust
-	  rsock_s_accept_nonblock call
-	* ext/socket/unixserver.c (unix_accept_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_start_ssl): support no_exception
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_connect): adjust ossl_start_ssl call
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_connect_nonblock): ditto
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_accept): ditto
-	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb (test_accept_nonblock): test for
-	  "exception :false"
-	* test/socket/test_tcp.rb (test_accept_nonblock): new test
-	* test/socket/test_unix.rb (test_accept_nonblock): ditto
-	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb (test_accept_nonblock_no_exception): ditto
-
-Thu Mar 12 10:53:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h, node.h: move a definition of `struct rb_global_entry'
-	  and related functions from node.h to internal.h.
-
-	* variable.c: remove unused include pragma.
-
-	* common.mk: remove unused dependency.
-
-Thu Mar 12 10:32:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* common.mk: remove unused dependency.
-
-Thu Mar 12 08:20:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* load.c: removed unused header file "node.h".
-
-	* method.h: ditto.
-
-	* symbol.c: ditto.
-
-Thu Mar 12 08:14:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: RGENGC_CHECK_MODE should be 0.
-
-Thu Mar 12 07:44:17 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: use T_IMEMO to represent `struct MEMO' value.
-	  memo->v1 and memo->v2 is WB protected values.
-	  So use MEMO_V1/V2_SET() macros to set these values.
-	  memo->u3 is ambiguous (sometimes a VALUE, sometimes an integer
-	  value), so use gc_mark_maybe() in gc.c to mark it.
-
-	  Rename NEW_MEMO() to MEMO_NEW().
-
-	  Move MEMO_FOR and NEW_MEMO_FOR macros from node.h.
-
-	  Export a rb_imemo_new() function for ext/ripper.
-
-	* node.h: remove NODE_MEMO.
-
-	* enum.c: catch up these change.
-
-	* enumerator.c: ditto.
-
-	* load.c: ditto.
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (count_nodes): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark imemo_memo type.
-
-	* parse.y (new_args_gen): use T_IMEMO.
-	  (I'm not sure it is working correctly...)
-
-Wed Mar 11 22:36:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* eval.c (frame_called_id): it should use vm_ifunc type.
-
-	* eval.c (frame_func_id): ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 11 22:27:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* node.h: remove NODE_IFUNC, NEW_IFUNC.
-
-	* internal.h: use T_IMEMO for IFUNC.
-
-	  rename `struct IFUNC' to `struct vm_ifunc' and move the definition
-	  from vm_insnhelper.h. Add imemo_ifunc.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark imemo_ifunc type T_IMEMO object.
-
-	* compile.c: catch up these changes.
-
-	* proc.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_core.h (RUBY_VM_IFUNC_P): ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_iterate): ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 11 21:53:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h, eval_intern.h: move CREF accessors.
-
-	  List IMEMO supported types in internal.h.
-
-Wed Mar 11 21:45:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h: use T_IMEMO to create THROW_DATA.
-
-	  Add THROW_DATA_NEW().
-
-	* internal.h: move definition of `struct THROW_DATA'
-	  from vm_insnhelper.h to internal.h.
-
-	  Rename `THROW_DATA' to `vm_throw_data'.
-
-	* eval_intern.h (THROW_DATA_P): move to internal.h.
-	  THROW_DATA is no longer T_NODE, so check T_IMEMO.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark THROW_DATA.
-
-	* vm.c: catch up these changes.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 11 21:21:56 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: use T_IMEMO to create SVAR.
-
-	* internal.h, vm_insnhelper.h: move definition `struct SVAR'
-	  from vm_insnhelper.h to internal.h. And rename it to struct vm_svar.
-
-	  new imemo_type imemo_svar is added.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark imemo_svar.
-
-	* node.c (rb_gc_mark_node): remove useless marking.
-
-Wed Mar 11 19:35:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: introduce new type T_IMEMO.
-	  T_IMEMO is Internal Memo type, internal use only.
-	  T_IMEMO has same purpose of NODE_MEMO.
-
-	  To insert T_IMEMO, type numbers are modified a little.
-
-	* internal.h: define struct RIMemo. Each RIMemo objects
-	  has imemo_type. We can observe it by the imemo_type() function.
-
-	* gc.c (rb_imemo_new): added.
-
-	* node.h: remove NODE_CREF and NEW_CREF().
-
-	* node.c (rb_gc_mark_node): ditto.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_new): use rb_imem_new().
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: use RIMemo objects for CREF.
-
-	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: support T_IMEMO.
-
-Wed Mar 11 17:03:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c: fix memory leak by prepend method.
-
-	  It is easy to reproduce with such script:
-
-	    module M; def bar; end; end
-	    loop{
-	      Class.new do
-	        def foo; end
-	        prepend M
-	      end
-	    }
-
-	* gc.c (obj_free): free T_ICLASS::m_tbl if it is created by prepend.
-	  To recognize it, check RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN flag.
-
-	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): T_ICLASS objects only need to mark
-	  T_ICLASS::m_tbl if RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN is set.
-
-	* gc.c (obj_memsize_of): count T_ICLASS if RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN is set.
-
-	* internal.h (RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN): add to set RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN.
-
-	  TODO: The word `origin' seems not good name. We need to invent
-	  another good name.
-
-	* class.c: use RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN().
-
-	* class.c (class_alloc): zero clear rb_classext_t.
-
-Wed Mar 11 13:28:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: check also procstat_getvmmap, which is not
-	  available on FreeBSD 9.  [ruby-core:68468] [Bug #10954]
-
-	* vm_dump.c (procstat_vm): use kinfo_getvmmap instead if
-	  procstat_getvmmap is not available.
-
-Wed Mar 11 09:15:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: define struct MEMO.
-
-	* enum.c: use MEMO.
-
-	* enumerator.c: ditto.
-
-	* load.c: ditto.
-
-	* node.h: return (struct MEMO *) pointer.
-
-Wed Mar 11 06:26:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h (THROW_DATA_STATE): return int, not VALUE.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h (THROW_DATA_STATE_SET): accept int value.
-
-Wed Mar 11 05:06:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_catch_protect): use THROW_DATA_VAL().
-
-Wed Mar 11 04:56:04 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h: define struct IFUNC.
-
-	* vm_eval.c (rb_iterate): use it.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_yield_with_cfunc): ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 11 03:52:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* eval_intern.h (THROW_DATA_P): use RB_TYPE_P() instead of
-	  BUILTIN_TYPE().
-
-	* thread.c (thread_join): use THROW_DATA_P().
-
-Wed Mar 11 03:48:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* proc.c: use RUBY_VM_IFUNC_P() to recognize IFUNC or not.
-
-	* vm.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_core.h (RUBY_VM_IFUNC_P): use RB_TYPE_P() instead of
-	  BUILTIN_TYPE().
-
-Wed Mar 11 03:21:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h: define struct THROW_DATA to represent
-	  throwing data. Also define accessor functions.
-
-	* eval_intern.h: move related changes into vm_insnhelper.h.
-	  Now these MACROs (functions) are only used in vm*.c.
-
-	  There is only THROW_DATA_P(err) to check this data type or not.
-
-	* vm.c: catch up these changes.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
-
-Wed Mar 11 00:57:00 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/rubygems/test_gem_security_trust_dir.rb: The return value of
-	  File::Stat#mode is OS dependent. In AIX, 0200000 is set.
-
-Tue Mar 10 20:03:41 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb: Invoke setup_shutdown_pipe in start method
-	  instead of listen method.
-	  [ruby-core:68476] [Bug #10956] Reported by Shintaro Kojima.
-
-Tue Mar 10 17:27:27 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* thread.c (thread_join): Fixnum (except TAG_FATAL) and
-	  NODE should not be reached here.
-
-Mon Mar  9 21:42:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (ep_cref): rename to lep_cref() because it should be
-	  local ep.
-
-Mon Mar  9 16:34:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_close): don't raise on double
-	  close for consistent to IO#close.
-
-Mon Mar 09 06:44:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h: define struct SVAR for SVAR.
-	  This data type is also same layout of NODE (NODE_IF).
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: catch up this change.
-
-Mon Mar  9 06:43:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (lep_svar_set): add WBs.
-
-Mon Mar  9 06:19:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: define rb_cref_t and change to use it.
-
-	  rb_cref_t is data type of CREF. Now, the body is still NODE.
-	  It is easy to understand what is CREF and what is pure NODE.
-
-Mon Mar  9 06:00:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.h (COPY_CREF_OMOD): fix translation miss.
-
-Mon Mar  9 04:47:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: define CREF accessor macros.
-	  * CREF_CLASS(cref)
-	  * CREF_NEXT(cref)
-	  * CREF_VISI(cref)
-	  * CREF_VISI_SET(cref, v)
-	  * CREF_REFINEMENTS(cref)
-	  * CREF_PUSHED_BY_EVAL(cref)
-	  * CREF_PUSHED_BY_EVAL_SET(cref)
-	  * CREF_OMOD_SHARED(cref)
-	  * CREF_OMOD_SHARED_SET(cref)
-	  * CREF_OMOD_SHARED_UNSET(cref)
-
-	  This is process to change CREF data type from NODE.
-
-Sun Mar  8 22:50:57 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* ext/zlib/zlib.c (rb_gzfile_close): Don't raise on double
-	  close for consistent to IO#close.
-
-Sun Mar  8 16:57:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): match patterns against legacy short names
-	  too, not only ordinary names.  [ruby-core:67954] [Bug #10819]
-
-	* win32/dir.h (struct direct): add short name members.
-
-	* win32/win32.c (opendir_internal, readdir_internal): ditto.
-
-Sat Mar  7 09:36:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c: document that first element is kept when using
-	  Array#uniq and #uniq! [fix GH-845][ci skip]
-	  Patch by @riffraff
-
-Sat Mar  7 09:28:02 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* thread.c: Mutex#owned? is no longer experimental since 2.1.0
-	  [fix GH-839][ci skip] Patch by @takiy33
-
-Sat Mar  7 09:18:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/merger.rb: Added documentation to version method.
-	  [fix GH-847][ci skip] Patch by @magikid
-
-Fri Mar  6 22:50:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* class.c (rb_prepend_module): need a WB for klass -> origin.
-
-Fri Mar  6 20:18:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* fix namespace issue on singleton class expressions. [Bug #10943]
-
-	* vm_core.h, method.h: remove rb_iseq_t::cref_stack. CREF is stored
-	  to rb_method_definition_t::body.iseq_body.cref.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: modify SVAR usage.
-	  When calling ISEQ type method, push CREF information onto method
-	  frame, SVAR located place. Before this fix, SVAR is simply nil.
-	  After this patch, CREF (or NULL == Qfalse for not iseq methods)
-	  is stored at the method invocation.
-
-	  When SVAR is required, then put NODE_IF onto SVAR location,
-	  and NDOE_IF::nd_reserved points CREF itself.
-
-	* vm.c (vm_cref_new, vm_cref_dump, vm_cref_new_toplevel): added.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_push_frame): accept CREF.
-
-	* method.h, vm_method.c (rb_add_method_iseq): added. This function
-	  accepts iseq and CREF.
-
-	* class.c (clone_method): use rb_add_method_iseq().
-
-	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): mark method_entry::body.iseq_body.cref.
-
-	* iseq.c: remove CREF related codes.
-
-	* insns.def (getinlinecache/setinlinecache): CREF should be cache key
-	  because a different CREF has a different namespace.
-
-	* node.c (rb_gc_mark_node): mark NODE_IF::nd_reserved for SVAR.
-
-	* proc.c: catch up changes.
-
-	* struct.c: ditto.
-
-	* insns.def: ditto.
-
-	* vm_args.c (raise_argument_error): ditto.
-
-	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_class.rb: add a test.
-
-Fri Mar  6 18:19:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/webrick/test_filehandler.rb: on vboxsf (on VirtualBox
-	  on Windows 7), file name and permissions are strange (can access
-	  by short file name and so on).
-
-	  Simply skip on such tests on such FS. To detect strange FS, this
-	  patch use a part of code `File.executable?(__FILE__)`.
-	  Please correct them if there are better ways.
-
-Fri Mar  6 17:31:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_beginendblock.rb: do not change directory.
-
-	  Run system command in the directory mounted by vboxsf on Windows 7
-	  and get warning like that "warning: Insecure world writable dir...".
-
-Fri Mar  6 10:31:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (vm_call_super): search next super class from the
-	  original class, to get rid of infinite recursion with
-	  prepending.  a patch by Seiei Higa <hanachin AT gmail.com> at
-	  [ruby-core:68434].  [ruby-core:68093] [Bug #10847]
-
-Fri Mar  6 08:45:26 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* lib/matrix.rb: Add Vector#round. Patch by Jordan Stephens.
-	  [Fixes GH-802]
-
-Fri Mar  6 07:33:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (obj_info): show node name too.
-
-Fri Mar  6 07:00:44 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* internal.h: remove struct method_table_wrapper.
-	  struct method_table_wrapper was introduced to avoid duplicate marking
-	  for method tables.
-
-	  For example, `module M1; def foo; end; end` make one method table
-	  (mtbl) contains a method `foo`. M1 (T_MODULE) points mtbl.
-	  Classes C1 and C2 includes M1, then two T_ICLASS objects are created
-	  and they points mtbl too. In this case, three objects (one T_MODULE
-	  and two T_ICLASS objects) points same mtbl. On marking phase, these
-	  three objects mark same mtbl. To avoid such duplication, struct
-	  method_table_wrapper was introduced.
-
-	  However, created two T_ICLASS objects have same or shorter lifetime
-	  than M1 (T_MODULE) object. So that we only need to mark mtbl from M1,
-	  not from T_ICLASS objects. This patch tries marking only from M1.
-	  In other words, original module (M1) has responsibility to mark mtbl.
-	  Because of no duplicate marking, we don't need method_table_wrapper
-	  any more.
-
-	  Note that one `Module#prepend` call creates two T_ICLASS objects.
-	  One for referring to a prepending Module object, same as
-	  `Module#include`. We don't need to care this T_ICLASS.
-	  One for moving original mtbl from a prepending class. We need to
-	  mark such mtbl from this T_ICLASS object. To mark the mtbl,
-	  we need to use `RCLASS_ORIGIN(klass)` on marking from a prepended
-	  class `klass`.
-
-	* class.c: ditto.
-
-	* eval.c (rb_using_refinement): ditto.
-
-	* gc.c: ditto.
-
-	* include/ruby/ruby.h: define m_tbl directly. The definition of
-	  struct RClass should be moved to (srcdir)/internal.h.
-
-	* method.h: remove decl of rb_free_m_tbl_wrapper().
-
-	* object.c: use RCLASS_M_TBL() directly.
-
-Fri Mar  6 02:50:12 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): need to check the return value of
-	  GLOB_REALLOC().
-
-Fri Mar  6 02:26:03 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): shouldn't create Ruby object before
-	  the object system is loaded.
-	  [ruby-core:68430] [Bug #10941]
-
-Wed Mar  5 16:58:43 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* hash.c: [DOC] #delete method actually returns nil, if the key
-	  is not found. [fix GH-844][ci skip] Patch by @ivdma
-
-Wed Mar  5 12:22:23 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c: refactoring: remove unnecessary variable d0 to unify code
-	  appearance.
-
-Thu Mar  5 11:50:54 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (eval_string_with_cref): A binding should keep
-	  refinements activation information and the refinements should be
-	  activated in subsequent eval calls with the binding.
-	  [ruby-core:67945] [Bug #10818]
-
-Thu Mar  5 11:16:55 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: There is no need anymore to suppress
-	  warnings.
-
-Thu Mar  5 08:31:02 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* random.c (random_raw_seed): Avoid calling fill_random_bytes()
-	  if the requested size is 0. AIX returns -1 for 0-byte read from
-	  /dev/urandom, while other UNIX returns 0. With this change,
-	  Random.raw_seed(0) consistently returns "" in any UNIX.
-
-Wed Mar  4 12:43:32 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_math.rb (assert_float_and_int): Refactor test cases
-	  by introducing assert_float_and_int. [misc #10810]
-
-Wed Mar  4 11:52:30 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* symbol.c (Init_sym): make dsym_fstrs a hash compared by identity
-	  as the keys are unique fstrings, to get rid of running hash and
-	  compare methods and causing new object allocation during garbage
-	  collection phase.  [ruby-dev:48891] [Bug #10933]
-
-Wed Mar  4 10:16:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* enum.c: Fix typo in slice_after's exception message.
-	  [fix GH-842][ci skip] Patch by @jsyeo
-
-Wed Mar  4 10:15:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/syntax/methods.rdoc: add some missing spaces and
-	  fix a grammatical error in method docs.
-	  [fix GH-843][ci skip] Patch by @nikolas
-
-Wed Mar  4 02:13:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (backport_command_string): pick up only
-	  when the revision exists in trunk.
-
-Wed Mar  4 00:44:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_io_blocking_region): assigned variables
-	  inside EXEC_TAG() should be volatile.
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_s_handle_interrupt): ditto.
-
-	* thread.c (exec_recursive): ditto.
-
-Wed Mar  4 00:29:18 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: now can specify shorten form of commands.
-
-Tue Mar  3 23:41:42 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (Readline.readline): drop untreated control
-	  characters.
-
-Tue Mar  3 22:25:24 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/envutil.rb (EnvUtil.invoke_ruby): need to rescue because
-	  Signal.signame may raise exception.
-
-Tue Mar  3 16:57:39 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: use 'b' instead of 's' for showing
-	  Backport options for merger.rb.
-
-Tue Mar  3 16:55:23 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: show selected ticket number at prompt.
-
-Tue Mar  3 14:47:30 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (num2dbl_with_to_f): direct casting from Rational to double.
-	  [Feature #10909]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_math.rb: add tests for the above change.
-
-Tue Mar  3 07:52:20 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb: avoid a false positive in AIX.
-
-Tue Mar  3 00:59:39 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* configure.in: set PRELOADENV in Solaris to avoid "wrong ELF class"
-	  error. [Bug #10926] [ruby-dev:48888]
-	* configure.in: set LIBPATHENV for 32-bit compile in Solaris
-	  in addition to 64-bit.
-
-Mon Mar  2 15:36:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: do not check _setjmp unless _longjmp is available,
-	  so that configure results will not be changed by cache.
-
-Mon Mar  2 14:44:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_REPLACE_TYPE): restore unsigned type from
-	  cached variable only if the target type is not available.
-
-Mon Mar  2 13:04:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* signal.c (sig_signame): return nil if the argument is a valid
-	  signal number.
-
-Mon Mar  2 12:05:04 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb (create_ftp_server): set SO_OOBINLINE
-	  for receiving OOB data which is sent with MSG_OOB flag in
-	  portable way. [Bug #10915] [ruby-dev:48885]
-	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb (test_abort, test_status): use gets
-	  for receiving OOB data in portable way.
-
-Mon Mar  2 11:43:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_REPLACE_TYPE): restore unsigned type from
-	  cached variable.
-
-Mon Mar  2 06:01:41 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* ext/io/wait/wait.c (io_nread): wrap return value with INT2FIX
-	  Thanks to Yura Sokolov <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
-	  [ruby-core:68369] [Bug#10923]
-	* test/io/wait/test_io_wait.rb (test_nread_buffered):
-	  fix broken test
-
-Sun Mar  1 20:21:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_REPLACE_TYPE): restore convertible type from
-	  cached variable, so that configured results will be stable.
-
-Sun Mar  1 18:10:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (rb_cv_broken_memmem): check before adding the
-	  result HAVE_MEMMEM macro to confdefs.h, so that configured
-	  results will be stable.
-
-Sun Mar  1 11:17:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gc.c (id2ref): prohibit from accessing internal objects.
-	  [ruby-core:68348] [Bug #10918]
-
-Sun Mar  1 09:06:11 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/time.rb (strptime): Support %s.%N.
-	  [ruby-core:68301] [Bug #10904] Patch by Sadayuki Furuhashi.
-
-Sat Feb 28 17:18:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* enum.c (enum_each_slice, enum_each_cons): limit elements size by
-	  the enumerator size.  suggested by Hans Mackowiak <hanmac AT
-	  gmx.de> at [ruby-core:68335]
-
-Sat Feb 28 15:44:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_dump.c (rb_vm_bugreport): get rid of making new strings
-	  inside signal context.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_tmp_class_path): defer making temporary class
-	  path string.
-
-	* variable.c (rb_search_class_path): search class path or return
-	  Qnil or Qfalse if unnamed, not creating a temporary path.
-
-Sat Feb 28 15:02:02 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* variable.c (rb_tmp_class_path): preserve name encoding of an
-	  anonymous instance of module/class subclass.
-
-Sat Feb 28 08:24:30 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/pty/pty.c: AIX supports autopush.
-	  Patch by Perry Smith [ruby-core:58539] [Bug #9144]
-
-Fri Feb 27 22:00:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.4.6 and HEAD(800f2e6).
-	  Fixed #1159, #1171, #1173 on rubygems/rubygems
-	* test/rubygems: ditto.
-
-Fri Feb 27 20:55:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rake: Update to rake (9237e74), typo fix and remove needless
-	  private syntax.
-	* test/rake: ditto.
-
-Fri Feb 27 17:06:44 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_core.h: define vm_svar_index.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c, vm.c, compile.c: use vm_svar_index names.
-
-	* iseq.h: remove DEFAULT_SPECIAL_VAR_COUNT.
-	  use VM_SVAR_FLIPFLOP_START instead.
-
-Fri Feb 27 13:57:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* io.c (setup_narg): wipe away expanded part of buffer to get rid
-	  of revealing uncleaned data.  reported by Dongkwan Kim <dkay AT
-	  kaist.ac.kr>.
-
-Wed Feb 25 22:25:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* spec/default.mspec: use default configuration file name.
-	  https://github.com/ruby/rubyspec/commit/cc69f337b06362e5607ffa3e3ad40ef7494960cf
-
-Wed Feb 25 22:21:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* spec/default.mspec: remove specific version number.
-	  https://github.com/ruby/rubyspec/commit/7a909e925c1baa9c700bd44af9241aef6e596714
-
-Wed Feb 25 22:04:04 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/win32/Win32API.rb (initialize): accept both a string and an array
-	  for the arguments of the imported function.
-	  reported by Aaron Stone [ruby-core:68208] [Bug #10876] [Fixes GH-835]
-
-Wed Feb 25 18:12:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* signal.c (sighandler): preserve errno
-	  Patch by Steven Stewart-Gallus <sstewartgallus00@mylangara.bc.ca>
-	  [ruby-core:68172] [Bug #10866]
-
-Wed Feb 25 15:59:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (push_pattern, push_glob): make globbed file names same
-	  encoding to the given pattern.
-
-Wed Feb 25 15:27:16 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/merger.rb: support 2.1+ versioning scheme.
-
-Tue Feb 25 08:49:12 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/cmath.rb (log): raise ArgumentError when more than 2 arguments
-	  are passed. [ruby-core:66143] [Bug #10487]
-
-Tue Feb 25 02:15:17 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_math.rb: Use assert_infinity instead of assert_equal(1.0/0, ...).
-
-	* test/ruby/test_math.rb: Add tests for overriding Integer#to_f.
-	  [ruby-core:67919] [Misc #10809]
-
-Tue Feb 24 22:58:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* complex.c (nucomp_mul): calculate as rotation in complex plane
-	  if matrix calculation resulted in NaN.
-
-Tue Feb 24 21:45:39 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_math.rb(test_cbrt): Add an assertion for Math.cbrt(1.0/0)
-	  and move #test_cbrt to more proper place.
-
-Tue Feb 24 19:09:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (lep_svar_place, lep_svar_get): do not create
-	  additional T_NODE object (svars holder) when only getting
-	  svars.
-
-Tue Feb 24 11:49:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* time.c (time_zone_name): should be US-ASCII only if all 7-bits,
-	  otherwise locale encoding.  [ruby-core:68230] [Bug #10887]
-
-Tue Feb 24 09:47:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (chompped_length): enable smart chomp for all non-dummy
-	  encoding strings, not only default_rs.
-	  [ruby-core:68258] [Bug #10893]
-
-Mon Feb 23 23:19:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): support :chdir option.
-
-	* tool/vcs.rb (VCS::GIT.get_revisions): use :chdir option instead
-	  of -C option which is not supported by older git.
-	  [ruby-dev:48880] [Bug #10890]
-
-Mon Feb 23 15:26:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): raise ArgumentError at broken string
-	  not RegexpError, as Regexp is not involved in.
-	  [ruby-core:68229] [Bug #10886]
-
-Mon Feb 23 07:25:29 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* time.c: Zone encoding should be US-ASCII if all 7-bits. Fix r46907.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_time.rb, test/ruby/test_time_tz.rb: Update tests.
-
-Sun Feb 22 18:33:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* common.mk: use ruby organization for rubyspec.
-
-Sun Feb 22 15:56:06 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_rewrite_cref_stack): copy nd_refinements
-	  of original crefs. It fixes segmentation fault when calling
-	  refined method in duplicate module. [ruby-dev:48878] [Bug #10885]
-
-	* vm_core.h, class.c: change accordingly.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: add a test for above.
-
-Sun Feb 22 10:43:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_objspace_call_finalizer): control GC execution during
-	  force firnalizations at the end of interpreter process.
-	  [Bug #10768]
-
-	  1) Prohibit incremental GC while running Ruby-level finalizers
-	     to avoid any danger.
-	  2) Prohibit GC while invoking T_DATA/T_FILE data structure
-	     because these operations break object relations consistency.
-
-	  This patch can introduce another memory consuming issue because
-	  Ruby-level finalizers can run after (2), GC is disabled.
-	  However, basically object consistency was broken at (2) as I
-	  described above. So that running Ruby-level finalizers contains
-	  danger originally. Because of this point, I need to suggest to
-	  remove these 3 lines (invoking remaining finalizers). And add a
-	  rule to add that finalizers should not add new finalizers, or
-	  say there is no guarantee to invoke finalizers that added by
-	  another finalizer.
-
-Sun Feb 22 04:07:05 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c: [DOC] RDoc formatting fixes for
-	  ASN1::ObjectId with patch from @vbatts [Fixes GH-834]
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_bn.c: ditto.
-
-Sat Feb 21 19:51:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (match_aref): RMatch::regexp is Qnil after matching by a
-	  string since r45451.  [ruby-core:68209] [Bug #10877]
-
-Sat Feb 21 16:18:42 2015  Stefan Schuler  <mail@stefanschuessler.de>
-
-	* compar.c (Init_Comparable): [DOC] Replace camelcase variable name.
-	  [Fix GH-833]
-
-Fri Feb 20 17:27:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* file.c (rb_file_identical_p): fix handle leak, ensure to close
-	  the handle of the first argument.
-
-Fri Feb 20 17:19:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (different_device_p): compare by volume serial
-	  numbers, not by path names.  [ruby-core:68162] [Bug #10865]
-
-Thu Feb 19 01:58:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): neither the drive
-	  of base directory nor the current drive are involved in the
-	  result if different than the drive of path.
-	  [ruby-core:68130] [Bug #10858]
-
-Wed Feb 18 10:48:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/win32.c (wrename): return EXDEV if moving a directory to
-	  another drive, since MoveFileExW does not set proper error code.
-	  [ruby-core:68162] [Bug #10865]
-
-Wed Feb 18 03:13:52 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump psych version.
-	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: ditto
-	* ext/psych/yaml/scanner.c: add latest libyaml change.
-	* test/psych/helper.rb: support newer minitest
-	* test/psych/test_to_yaml_properties.rb: ditto
-
-Tue Feb 17 11:47:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Resource#==, #hash): elements
-	  returned by Kernel#instance_variables are Symbols now.
-	  [ruby-core:68128] [Bug #10857]
-
-Tue Feb 17 10:59:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc: Fix documentation for "calling_methods"
-	  Patch by @sos4nt [fix GH-830][ci skip]
-
-Tue Feb 17 10:53:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): do not make invalid
-	  (or ADS) path if the path has a drive letter, the result also
-	  should have be under it.  [ruby-core:68130] [Bug #10858]
-
-Tue Feb 17 10:47:20 2015  Iain Beeston  <iain.beeston@gmail.com>
-
-	* hash.c: Added docs to explain that #include? and #member? do not
-	  check member equality
-	* lib/set.rb: ditto
-
-Mon Feb 16 20:58:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* compile.c (compile_massign): optimization for special case,
-	  assignments by aset or attrset.
-	  http://kokizzu.blogspot.jp/2015/02/c-java-hhvm-ruby-nodejsrhinojscspidermo.html
-	  http://www.atdot.net/~ko1/diary/201502.html#d16
-
-Sun Feb 15 10:41:23 2015  Sho Hashimoto  <sho-h@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/standard_library.rdoc: [DOC] delete removed libraries.
-	  [misc #10843] [ci skip]
-
-Sat Feb 14 12:20:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c (rand_random_number): add a method to return a random
-	  number like SecureRandom to Random::Formatter.
-
-	* lib/securerandom.rb (random_bytes): move to Random::Formatter,
-	  the base method of the module.
-
-Sat Feb 14 12:01:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* random.c (random_raw_seed): extract platform dependent random
-	  seed initialization function as a new method Random.raw_seed.
-
-	* lib/securerandom.rb (SecureRandom): use Random.raw_seed.
-
-Sat Feb 14 00:49:37 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/coverage/coverage.c: Add Coverage.peek_result.  Allows you to
-	  capture coverage information without stopping the coverage tool.
-	  [ruby-core:67940] [Feature #10816]
-
-	* test/coverage/test_coverage.rb: test for change.
-
-Fri Feb 13 21:52:05 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@tsg.ne.jp>
-
-	* string.c (str_discard): does not free for STR_NOFREE string.
-	  [Bug #10853][ruby-core:68110]
-
-	* bootstraptest/test_string.rb: test for above.
-
-Fri Feb 13 21:16:00 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@tsg.ne.jp>
-
-	* lib/base64.rb: make urlsafe mode user-friendly.
-
-	* lib/base64.rb (Base64.urlsafe_encode64): a new option "padding" to
-	  suppress the padding character ("=").
-
-	* lib/base64.rb (Base64.urlsafe_decode64): now it accepts not only
-	  correctly-padded input but also unpadded input.
-	  [Feature #10740][ruby-core:67570]
-
-	* test/base64/test_base64.rb: Test for above
-
-Fri Feb 13 14:19:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json: merge upstream from flori/json
-	  change usage of TypedData. [Feature #10739][ruby-core:67564]
-
-Thu Feb 12 18:34:01 2015  multisnow  <infinity.blick.winkel@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/openssl/extconf.rb: check RAND_edg to support libressl.
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_rand.c (ossl_rand_egd): define only if RAND_edg
-	  is available.  [Fix GH-829]
-
-Thu Feb 12 10:46:14 2015  Eric Hodel  <drbrain@segment7.net>
-
-	* proc.c (proc_call):  Improve Proc#call documentation.  Patch by
-	  Hsing-Hui Hsu.  [fix GH-761]
-
-Thu Feb 12 04:33:02 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
-
-	* compar.c (cmp_equal): no more error hiding for Comparable#==.
-	  It now behaves as other Comparable methods. See #7688.
-
-	* test/ruby/test_comparable.rb: update related test.
-
-Thu Feb 12 03:28:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/set.rb (initialize): internal hash defaults to false
-
-	* lib/set.rb (include?): use Hash#[] for optimized dispatch.
-	  Patch by Ismael Abreu <ismaelga@gmail.com>
-	  [ruby-core:67664] [Misc #10754]
-
-Wed Feb 11 11:09:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/digest/digest_conf.rb (digest_conf): check for CommonDigest.
-
-	* ext/digest/*/*cc.h: for Apple CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h.
-
-	* ext/digest/digest.h (DEFINE_FINISH_FUNC_FROM_FINAL): macro for
-	  finish functions, by inverting arguments order.
-
-	* ext/digest/digest_conf.rb (digest_conf): extract common
-	  configurations.
-
-Wed Feb 11 11:01:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/json/generator/generator.c (generate_json): get rid of
-	  unnecessary recursive calls which can cause infinite recursion.
-	  T_STRING may not have rb_cString.
-
-Wed Feb 11 07:53:35 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* test/win32ole/test_word.rb: use skip method to skip test.
-
-Tue Feb 10 11:38:28 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): stop method search when a method
-	  is not found in a refinement, to support undef in refinements.
-	  [ruby-core:66741] [Bug #10578]
-
-Tue Feb 10 11:19:11 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/net/ftp.rb (chdir, delete, gettextfile, mdtm, mkdir, nlst,
-	  putbinaryfile, puttextfile, rename, rmdir, size): support
-	  Pathname. Patch by Joe Rafaniello. [fix GH-828]
-
-Mon Feb  9 16:36:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/make-snapshot (package): get rid of loading unbundled and
-	  unexpected libraries.  [ruby-core:67977] [Bug #10822]
-
-Sun Feb  8 20:09:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/net/http/header.rb: pass header names as symbols.
-	  Patch by @DamirSvrtan [fix GH-805]
-	* test/net/http/test_httpheader.rb: added test.
-
-Sun Feb  8 13:04:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (get_addr): reject too long hostname to
-	  get rid of GHOST vulnerability on very old platforms.
-
-	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (make_hostent_internal): ditto, paranoic
-	  check for the canonical name.
-
-Sun Feb  8 12:48:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb (Win32::Registry::API): use wide
-	  versions of RegDeleteValue and RegDeleteKey.
-	  [ruby-core:67958] [Bug #10820]
-
-Sat Feb  7 22:13:08 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* test/win32ole/test_win32ole_record.rb: remove test using .NET
-	  Framework 3.5 because it is not included in Windows 8/8.1.
-
-Sat Feb  7 19:25:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (has_magic): always get long path name on Windows even if
-	  no tilde is there.  [ruby-core:68011] [Bug #10819]
-
-	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): FindFirstFile ignore redirection
-	  character, check if exists before call it.  cf. [Bug #8597]
-
-Sat Feb  7 13:30:11 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* test/win32ole/test_win32ole_record.rb
-	  (test_ole_instance_variable_get): correct VT_RECORD type and
-	  instance variables.
-
-Fri Feb  6 17:47:05 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: register nodes when
-	  dumping objects with custom coders. [ruby-core:66215] [Bug #10496]
-
-	* test/psych/test_coder.rb: test for fix
-
-Fri Feb  6 16:58:31 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: fix support for regular
-	  expressions with newlines. tenderlove/psych#222
-
-	* test/psych/test_yaml.rb: test for change.
-
-Fri Feb  6 10:31:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_call_info_kw_arg_struct): make keywords a symbols
-	  list to get rid of inadvertent creation by variable keyword
-	  arguments.  [ruby-core:68031] [Bug #10831]
-
-Thu Feb  5 22:42:34 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rubygems:  Update to RubyGems HEAD(5c3b6f3).
-	  Fixed #1156, #1142, #1115, #1142, #1139 on rubygems/rubygems
-	* test/rubygems:  ditto.
-
-Thu Feb  5 13:41:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_eval.c (send_internal), vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_opt_send):
-	  convert String method name into a Symbol, as method_missing
-	  method expects its first argument to be a Symbol.  [Bug #10828]
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (ci_missing_reason): return the reason of method
-	  missing in call info.
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_opt_send): re-apply r49500 with the
-	  proper missing reason.  [Bug #10828]
-
-Thu Feb  5 10:31:46 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (rb_obj_singleton_methods): should use RTEST() to convert
-	  VALUE to int.
-
-Thu Feb  5 03:59:33 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c: Fix symbol leak with +send+ [Bug #10828]
-
-Wed Feb  4 20:26:54 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (Init_win32ole): should not use atexit to
-	  free allocated hash table to avoid error on Cygwin.
-
-Wed Feb  4 15:34:25 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (method_entry_i, class_instance_method_list,
-	  rb_obj_singleton_methods): should not include methods of
-	  superclasses if recur is false. [ruby-dev:48854] [Bug #10826]
-
-Wed Feb  4 16:32:40 2015  Matt Hoyle  <matt@deployable.co>
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c (VpSetPTR): fix a typo, 'expoennt'
-	  to 'exponent'.  [ruby-core:67980] [Bug #10823] [Fix GH-825]
-
-Wed Feb  4 15:55:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm.c: include ruby/ruby.h for PRIdPTRDIFF when a
-	  macro `DEBUG` is defined.  based on the patch by Owen Rodley in
-	  [ruby-core:67987]. [Bug #10825]
-
-Wed Feb  4 11:12:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in (probes.stamp): rebuild dtrace dependent objects
-	  only when `dtrace -G` modifies its input files.
-
-Tue Feb  3 19:27:16 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* common.mk (ruby-glommed.o): dependency on $(OBJ) should be written
-	  in common.mk (in which OBJ is defined) because of Makefile include
-	  and parse order. This partly reverts r49419.
-	  [ruby-dev:48849] [Bug #10808]
-
-	* Makefile.in (ruby-glommed.o): ditto.
-
-	* Makefile.in (ruby-glommed.o): remove excess $(DTRACE_OBJ) because
-	  it is included in $(OBJS) since r49451.
-
-	* Makefile.in (probes.o): should depend on $(DTRACE_DEPENDENT_OBJS)
-
-Tue Feb  3 17:15:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cppflags, try_cflags, try_ldflags): get rid of
-	  interference by modifying global variables in have_devel? method.
-	  [ruby-core:67962] [Bug #10821]
-
-Tue Feb  3 15:23:58 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_method.c (remove_method): When remove refined
-	  method, raise a NameError if the method is not
-	  defined in refined class.
-
-	  But if the method is defined in refined class,
-	  it should keep refined method and remove original
-	  method.
-
-	  Patch by Seiei Higa. [ruby-core:67722] [Bug #10765]
-
-Tue Feb  3 14:04:47 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): obtain real name with FindFirstFile API
-	  instead of matching all entries, on Windows.
-	  [ruby-core:67954] [Bug #10819]
-
-Tue Feb  3 12:26:35 2015  Katsuhiko Nishimra  <ktns.87@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/mkmf.rb (configuration): set the default cxxflags, which is
-	  referred from the default CXXFLAGS, for extension libraries.
-	  [Fix GH-823]
-
-Tue Feb  3 05:52:00 2015  Aman Gupta <ruby@tmm1.net>
-
-	* gc.c (rb_objspace_free): cause rb_bug if lazy sweep is in progress
-	  during rb_objspace_free. Adds extra protection for r46340.
-	  Patch by Vicent Marti. [Bug #10768] [ruby-core:67734]
-	* gc.c (rb_objspace_call_finalizer): Ensure GC is completed after
-	  finalizers have run. We already call gc_rest() before invoking
-	  finalizers, but finalizer can allocate new objects and start new GC
-	  cycle, so we call gc_rest() again after finalizers are complete.
-
-Mon Feb  2 10:51:34 2015  Ari Pollak  <ajp@aripollak.com>
-
-	* doc/security.rdoc (Symbols): update about Symbol GC.  Symbols
-	  explicitly converted from Strings now can be collected, but
-	  reflection/metaprogramming still can cause memory flooding.
-	  [Fix GH-725]
-
-Sun Feb  1 13:46:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb (bin-comm): drop batch file installation.
-	  Windows 95 support has not been supported already.
-	  [Feature #10806]
-
-Sat Jan 31 12:06:23 2015  Scott Francis  <scott.francis@shopify.com>
-
-	* thread_pthread.c (reserve_stack): fix intermittent SIGBUS on
-	  Linux, by reserving the stack virtual address space at process
-	  start up so that it will not clash with the heap space.
-	  [Fix GH-822]
-
-Fri Jan 30 17:28:29 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (num2dbl_with_to_f): make faster when Bignum passed by
-	  direct conversion using rb_big2dbl().  [Feature #10800]
-
-Thu Jan 29 23:30:00 2015  Kenta Murata  <mrkn@mrkn.jp>
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c (rb_rational_num): add fallback function
-	  for rubies lower than 2.2.0.
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c (rb_rational_den): ditto.
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb: check the existences of struct RRational,
-	  rb_rational_num, and rb_rational_den.
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.bundle: bump version.
-
-Thu Jan 29 20:28:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/make-snapshot: removed md5 digest with package information
-
-Thu Jan 29 10:41:52 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* math.c (Get_Double): direct casting from Fixnum to double.
-	  [Feature #10785]
-
-Thu Jan 29 02:34:27 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: fix parsing hashes with
-	  instance variables when it is referenced multiple times.
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version
-	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: bump version
-	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for fix
-
-Thu Jan 29 02:06:09 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* thread.c (struct join_arg): restructure and make smaller
-	  (thread_join_sleep): avoid timeofday() call if forever
-	  (thread_join): pass join_arg.delay directly
-	  (rb_thread_inspect_msg): remove, inline into rb_thread_inspect
-	  (rb_thread_inspect): reduce branching and string creation
-	* thread_pthread.c (native_set_thread_name): create string directly
-	  to avoid reparsing. [Misc #10723]
-
-Wed Jan 28 21:32:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* thread.c: Improve documentation for Thread#value
-	  [Bug #10694][ruby-core:67324][ci skip]
-
-Tue Jan 27 16:04:19 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: added `!` command.
-
-Tue Jan 27 15:58:23 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: added history feature for platforms which
-	  lack readline.
-
-Mon Jan 26 22:09:35 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* .gitignore: ignored temporary file with git.
-
-Mon Jan 26 18:06:03 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* misc/ruby-electric.el: Import version 2.2.2 from
-	  https://github.com/knu/ruby-electric.el.
-
-Mon Jan 26 11:37:49 2015  Dave Stevens  <dave@crowdlab.com>
-
-	* string.c (str_make_independent_expand): terminate String when
-	  moved from heap to embedded.  [Fix GH-821].
-
-Sun Jan 25 12:04:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (flatten): no need to call to_ary method on elements
-	  beyond the given level.  [ruby-core:67637] [Bug #10748]
-
-Sun Jan 25 00:42:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/win32/libffi.mk.tmpl: assemble without directory prefix.
-	  workaround of a bug of VC12 ml, by unak at [ruby-core:67792].
-	  [ruby-core:67789] [Bug #10780]
-
-Sat Jan 24 19:56:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dln_find.c (dln_find_1): search regular files only.  based on
-	  the patch by Alex Coomans in [ruby-core:67766].  [Bug #10776]
-
-Fri Jan 23 23:57:05 2015  Misumi Rize  <r@ayase-e.li>
-
-	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_throw_start): search the target to break
-	  from a block with nested rescue, from the nested blocks.
-	  [ruby-core:67765] [Bug #10775] [Fix GH-820]
-
-Fri Jan 23 20:00:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_object, marshal_dump): use identity tables for
-	  arbitrary VALUE keys, because of performance of FLONUM.
-	  [Bug #10761]
-
-	* marshal.c (obj_alloc_by_klass, marshal_load): ditto.
-
-Fri Jan 23 17:12:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* benchmark/bm_marshal_dump_flo.rb: new benchmark for [Bug #10761]
-
-Thu Jan 22 18:03:19 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (find_svn_log): use double quotes instead
-	  of single quotes because cmd.exe doesn't handle them.
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (done): the 2nd element of matched data
-	  is the offset of the end of matched string, not length.
-
-Thu Jan 22 16:45:24 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* st.c (st_numhash): mix float value for flonum
-	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): ditto
-	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_flo.rb: new benchmark
-	* benchmark/bm_hash_ident_flo.rb: ditto
-	  [Bug #10761]
-
-Wed Jan 21 22:33:51 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
-
-	* misc/ruby-electric.el: Import version 2.2.1 from
-	  https://github.com/knu/ruby-electric.el.  Improve compatibility
-	  with and optimize for Emacs 24.4.
-
-Wed Jan 21 09:40:52 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* file.c: Document other cases of missing birthtime on OS with patch
-	  provided by @sho-h similar to GH-817. [ci skip] [DOC]
-
-Wed Jan 21 09:09:19 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* NEWS: References to tickets added.
-	  [ruby-core:67701] [Bug #10760] Suggested by Zachary Scott.
-
-Tue Jan 20 22:59:54 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/vcs.rb: fix the exception given remote-url of svn.
-
-Tue Jan 20 12:58:33 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: now can change the page of `ls`.
-
-Tue Jan 20 12:28:37 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (readline): fallback to normal gets on
-	  Windows because IO.console.getch is not always do as expected.
-
-Tue Jan 20 11:31:07 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: update usage.
-
-Tue Jan 20 11:23:47 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (mygets): to support Backspace
-	  implement gets by itself.
-
-Tue Jan 20 02:54:11 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
-
-	* file.c: NotImplementedError is raised if birthtime is unavailable.
-	  Patch by @y-yagi san and [Fixes GH-817] [ci skip] [DOC]
-
-	* ext/pathname/pathname.c: ditto.
-
-Mon Jan 19 22:08:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* class.c (include_modules_at): allow to prepend each module up to
-	  once for each classe.  [EXPERIMENTAL]
-
-Sun Jan 18 18:32:20 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* math.c (math_atan2): revive documentation before r49220.
-	  http://d.hatena.ne.jp/nagachika/20150112/ruby_trunk_changes_49213_49226
-
-Sun Jan 18 15:57:32 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm_method.c (check_definition): Module#public_method_defined?,
-	  Module#private_method_defined?, Module#protected_method_defined?
-	  should not use refinements. [ruby-core:67656] [Bug #10753]
-
-Sun Jan 18 15:50:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_dump.c (rb_vm_bugreport): check by configured result instead
-	  of system name for old FreeBSD.  based on a patch by Steve Wills
-	  at [ruby-core:67655].  [Bug #10752]
-
-Sun Jan 18 12:56:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* Makefile.in (VPATH, NEWLINE_C), common.mk (common-srcs): make
-	  and use newline.c under enc/trans directory, not toplevel.  no
-	  longer search enc directory implicitly.
-
-	* configure.in, enc/Makefile.in (BUILTIN_ENCS, BUILTIN_TRANSES):
-	  prefix respective directory names to builtin encodings and
-	  transcoder source names.
-
-Sun Jan 18 11:49:46 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
-
-	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (ole_invoke): avoid SEGV when VT_RECORD
-	  variable is passed by reference. [ruby-dev:48803] [Bug #10697]
-
-Sat Jan 17 23:59:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb (visit_String):
-	  anchors like `\Z` are not valid inside character class.  use
-	  negative-lookahead instead.
-	  Fixes: https://github.com/tenderlove/psych/issues/221
-
-Sat Jan 17 23:42:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in: get rid of pattern substitution, which is not
-	  supported by ash, and ash on NetBSD parses whole source first
-	  and fails to start.  [ruby-dev:48823] [Bug #10750]
-
-Fri Jan 16 18:42:58 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: support adding related revisions
-	  to issues.
-
-Fri Jan 16 17:20:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	vm.c, vm_core.h: constify VM_CF_LEP, VM_CF_PREV_EP, VM_CF_BLOCK_PTR
-	and rb_vm_control_frame_block_ptr.
-
-Fri Jan 16 15:41:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version
-
-	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: ditto
-
-Fri Jan 16 15:37:49 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: only dump hash
-	  subclasses. Thanks Joe Eli McIlvain <joe.eli.mac@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for change
-
-Fri Jan 16 15:35:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: fix line width wrapping
-	  for long strings.  Thanks Jakub Jirutka <jakub@jirutka.cz>
-
-	* test/psych/test_string.rb: test for change
-
-Fri Jan 16 11:44:44 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
-
-	* eval_intern.h, vm.c, vm_eval.c, vm_insnhelper.c:
-	  change throw mechanism (not save target ep, but save target cfp).
-	  It fixes `unexpected break' bug that occurs when
-	  TracePoint#binding is called.
-	  [ruby-dev:48797] [Bug #10689]
-
-	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add a test.
-
-Thu Jan 15 23:55:15 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* io.c (rb_io_close_m): Don't raise when the IO object is closed.
-	  [ruby-core:67444] [Feature #10718]
-
-Thu Jan 15 21:34:57 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
-
-	* proc.c (rb_obj_singleton_method): Kernel#singleton_method should
-	  not use refinements, as well as Kernel#method.
-	  [ruby-core:67603] [Bug #10744]
-
-Thu Jan 15 10:45:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_select_bang, ary_reject_bang): linear
-	  performance.  [ruby-core:67418] [Feature #10714]
-
-Wed Jan 14 18:06:06 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
-
-	* lib/uri/mailto.rb: raising URI::InvalidComponentError instead
-	  of failing with undefined method `split' for nil:NilClass for
-	  mailto: URIs without opaque part. [Bug #10738]
-	* test/uri/testuri.rb: Test for above
-
-Wed Jan 14 16:45:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/downloader.rb (RubyGems.download): verify downloaded gem
-	  packages.  LowSecurity to allow untrusted certificates now.
-
-Wed Jan 14 15:43:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/readline/readline.c (readline_s_refresh_line): initialize
-	  before rl_refresh_line(), as some function make the internal
-	  state non-clean but rl_refresh_line() does not re-initialize it.
-	  [ruby-core:43957] [Bug #6232]
-
-Tue Jan 13 21:59:24 2015  Michal Papis  <mpapis@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb (gem): fix changing permissions of installed
-	  bundled gems.  [Fix GH-812]
-
-Tue Jan 13 21:57:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* common.mk (distclean-local): remove autom4te.cache generated by
-	  autoconf.
-
-	* common.mk (realclean-local): remove id sources and dummy header
-	  for dtrace.  [ruby-core:67562] [Bug #10737]
-
-Tue Jan 13 21:08:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json, test/json: merge JSON HEAD(259dee6)
-	  separate implementation of Typed_Data macro.
-	  https://github.com/flori/json/compare/v1.8.1...v1.8.2
-
-Tue Jan 13 14:16:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/net/http/test_http.rb: get rid of accessing DNS actually
-	  for some servers returning wrong results.
-	  [ruby-core:67454] [Bug #10721]
-
-Mon Jan 12 23:21:57 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* gems/bundled_gems: update test-unit to 3.0.9.
-
-Mon Jan 12 18:35:44 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* numeric.c (bit_coerce): use original value for error message
-	  [ruby-core:67405] [Bug #10711]
-	* test/ruby/test_numeric.rb (test_coerce): check error message
-
-Mon Jan 12 18:01:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/rdoc/text.rb (expand_tabs): get rid of infinite loop with
-	  CR.  should check if substitution occurred too.
-	  [ruby-dev:48813] [Bug #10732]
-
-Mon Jan 12 16:45:46 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): raise a NameError when creating alias to
-	  a refined method if the original method of the refined method is
-	  not defined.  [ruby-core:67523] [Bug #10731]
-
-Mon Jan 12 13:53:17 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* math.c (math_atan2): improve documentation.
-	  [Feature #10323][ruby-core:65400][ci skip]
-
-Mon Jan 12 13:50:49 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c: fixes documentation like labeled lists,
-	  code examples etc. [ruby-core:66730][Bug #10576][ci skip]
-
-Mon Jan 12 13:36:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/optparse.rb: improvements for OptionParser documentation.
-	  [misc #10608][ruby-core:66901][ci skip]
-
-Mon Jan 12 13:33:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_each): documented return value.
-	  [misc #10469][ruby-core:66063]
-
-Sun Jan 11 15:11:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/webrick/test_utils.rb (test_create_listeners): use
-	  dynamically chosen port number, not hardcoded port number.
-	  [ruby-core:67508]
-
-Sat Jan 10 12:57:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/zlib/zlib.c: fix document of method signatures.
-	  [Bug #10668][ruby-core:67186][ci skip]
-
-Sat Jan 10 12:32:44 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* eval_error.c (error_print): pos and len parameters of rb_str_substr()
-	  are counted by characters, not bytes.  use rb_str_subseq() instead.
-	  [Bug #10727] [ruby-core:67473]
-
-Sat Jan 10 10:58:55 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* complex.c: removed commented-out code.
-
-Sat Jan 10 10:57:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* rational.c: removed commented-out code.
-	  [Feature #10376][ruby-core:65643]
-
-Sat Jan 10 10:12:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* array.c (rb_ary_select_bang): keep the array consistent by
-	  removing unselected values soon.  [ruby-dev:48805] [Bug #10722]
-
-Fri Jan  9 23:20:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/rubygems:  Update to RubyGems HEAD(e53c54a).
-	* test/rubygems:  ditto.
-
-Fri Jan  9 11:13:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (assocs, assoc): eliminate splatting empty literal
-	  hashes.  [ruby-core:67446] [Bug #10719]
-
-	* compile.c (compile_array_): support splatted hash in hash type.
-
-Fri Jan  9 10:57:09 2015  Vit Ondruch  <vondruch@redhat.com>
-
-	* configure.in (RUBY_SETJMP_TYPE): Remove superfluous semicolon
-	  which causes a syntax error with autoconf 2.63.
-	  [ruby-core:67429] [Bug #10716]
-
-Fri Jan  9 07:23:32 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: correctly quote non-ascii
-	  letters. Thanks @jirutka for the patch.
-
-	* test/psych/test_string.rb: test for change
-
-Fri Jan  9 07:13:55 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: call `allocate` on hash
-	  subclasses.  Fixes github.com/tenderlove/psych/issues/196
-
-	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for change
-
-Fri Jan  9 06:58:43 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: revive hashes with ivars
-
-	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: dump hashes with ivars.
-	  Fixes github.com/psych/issues/43
-
-	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for change
-
-Thu Jan  8 17:05:00 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry): if no super class, no original
-	  method entry.  [ruby-core:67389] [Bug #10707]
-
-Thu Jan  8 16:31:43 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
-
-	* vm_method.c (rb_export_method): bail out if the original method
-	  is undefined when the method is refined.
-	  [ruby-core:67387] [Bug #10706]
-
-Thu Jan  8 12:53:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (glob_helper): match in case-folding only if the directory
-	  resides on a case-insensitive file system, on OSX.
-	  [ruby-core:67364] [Bug #10700]
-
-Thu Jan  8 11:39:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* .travis.yml: Remove redundant configuration option.
-	  [fix GH-809] Patch by @gxworld
-
-Thu Jan  8 07:17:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb: consider ENETUNREACH as ResolvTimeout
-	  [ruby-core:67411] [Bug #10712]
-
-Thu Jan  8 00:13:52 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/open3.rb: Open3 properly passes non-keyword hash args to spawn.
-	  Fixed by Josh Cheek.  [Fix GH-808]
-	  Related to [ruby-core:67347] [Bug #10699]
-
-Wed Jan  7 19:19:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (dir_initialize): workaround of opendir failure at symlink
-	  directories on Windows via CIFS.
-
-Wed Jan  7 18:52:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* dir.c (need_normalization): not only HFS+, CIFS (SMB) is also
-	  decomposed.  [Bug #10704]
-
-	* dir.c (NORMALIZE_UTF8PATH): Unicode decomposition seems to
-	  perform in an upper layer than file systems on OSX, as all path
-	  names are always decomposed regardless of file system types.
-
-Tue Jan  6 21:41:04 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* time.c (timelocalw): Set tm_isdst field -1 if vtm->isdst is
-	  VTM_ISDST_INITVAL.  This bug is introduced at packing struct
-	  vtm (r45155).
-	  [ruby-core:67345] [Bug #10698] Reported by Boris Ruf.
-
-Tue Jan  6 03:10:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
-
-	* test/fiddle/test_handle.rb: fix syntax.
-
-Tue Jan  6 00:16:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/fiddle/test_handle.rb (test_NEXT): use -test-/dln/empty
-	  which is always a shared object and is not used by others.
-	  [ruby-dev:48629] [Bug #10384]
-
-Mon Jan  5 14:58:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: added timeout for AIX environment.
-	  [ruby-core:62983][Bug #9917]
-
-Sun Jan  4 22:33:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (ExcludesOption): add "excludes" support
-	  to test suite, for alternative implementations and platforms.
-	  [Feature #10682]
-
-Sun Jan  4 22:32:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit): reorder modules and merge
-	  each modules.
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit): split the large class into
-	  each modules.
-
-Sun Jan  4 21:32:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (f_label): return tLABEL value as it is.
-	  [ruby-core:67315] [Bug #10693]
-
-Sun Jan  4 14:02:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/lib/test/unit/parallel.rb (run): expand the file name to be
-	  loaded, so that relative paths work in parallel mode.
-
-Sun Jan  4 13:36:56 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/test_tempfile.rb: use assert_file for more descriptive message.
-	  following r49131.
-
-Sun Jan  4 13:05:09 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
-
-	* string.c: improve docs for String#<=>. [ruby-core:65399][Feature #10322]
-	  Patch by gogo tanaka.
-
-Sun Jan  4 12:42:24 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c: improve docs for Array#reject. [ruby-core:65324][misc #10307]
-	  Patched by Nebu Pookins.
-
-Sun Jan  4 12:24:11 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
-
-	* string.c: improve docs for String#strip and variations.
-	  [ruby-core:66081][Bug #10476]
-
-Sun Jan  4 09:21:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/drb/drb.rb: removed unused argument. Patch by @vipulnsward
-	  [fix GH-515]
-
-Sun Jan  4 09:18:31 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/tempfile.rb: provide default basename parameter.
-	  [fix GH-523] Patch by @dissolved
-	* test/test_tempfile.rb: ditto.
-
-Sun Jan  4 00:43:41 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
-
-	* README.ja.md: add guidance of mailing list and bugs.r-l.o.
-
-Sat Jan  3 23:56:28 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
-
-	* hash.c: fix docs for Hash#invert. [ruby-core:66917] [Bug #10612]
-
-Sat Jan  3 19:52:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_str_new_literal): define on all
-	  platforms, not only gcc.
-
-Sat Jan  3 18:53:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb (parse_ctype): limit split word
-	  number as the rest are not used.
-
-Sat Jan  3 18:19:50 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb: r49110 broke Fiddle::Import with
-	  type_alias.
-	* test/fiddle/test_cparser.rb: added type_alias test for parse_ctype
-	  and parse_struct_signature.
-
-Sat Jan  3 11:50:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl.h: avoid to build failure of Windows environment.
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c: ditto.
-
-Sat Jan  3 11:27:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* array.c: Improve performance of Array#shift. use shared instead of
-	  MEMMOVE if with arguments. Patch by @ksss [fix GH-537]
-	* test/ruby/test_array.rb: ditto.
-	* benchmark/bm_array_shift.rb: Added benchmark of GH-537 issue.
-
-Sat Jan  3 10:38:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb: More descriptive error message when net/http fails
-	  to connect to a server. Patch by @xaviershay [fix GH-700]
-	* test/net/http/test_http.rb: ditto.
-
-Sat Jan  3 10:14:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/openssl/ossl.h: Make `SSL_SESSION_cmp` use `CRYPTO_memcmp`
-	  [fix GH-591] Patch by @PiPeep
-	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c: ditto.
-
-Sat Jan  3 09:54:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb: Support for Fiddle::CParser
-	  to handle rich signatures including parameter names and function
-	  pointer types. Patch by @theryan [fix GH-590]
-	* test/fiddle/test_cparser.rb: ditto.
-
-Sat Jan  3 09:01:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* NEWS: added compatibility entry of r49101.
-
-Fri Jan  2 21:06:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/net/http.rb (Net::HTTP#send_request): there is no response body
-	  with HEAD request. Patch by @rodrigosaito [fix GH-520]
-
-Fri Jan  2 21:04:36 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/net/http/test_http.rb (_test_send_request__HEAD): Added
-	  failing test for send_request with HEAD method.
-
-Fri Jan  2 18:41:20 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* eval.c (ruby_init): Print ruby_setup() error only in debug mode.
-	  Unsuppressable error message is not a good idea.
-	  Note that the message is printed sometimes with following
-	  code (highly timing dependent, though):
-	  pid = spawn("ruby -e ''"); Process.kill(:TERM, pid)
-
-Fri Jan  2 16:18:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: Refactor invalid testcase.
-	  [fix GH-472][ruby-core:59035][Bug #9240]
-
-Fri Jan  2 15:53:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/webrick/utils.rb: removed unused argument variable.
-	  [fix GH-356] Patch by @vipulnsward
-	* lib/webrick/server.rb: ditto.
-	* lib/webrick/ssl.rb: ditto.
-	* test/webrick/test_utils.rb: added test for WEBrick::Utils#create_listeners.
-
-Fri Jan  2 15:35:53 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/securerandom.rb: improve syntax and grammar of documentation.
-	  [fix GH-796][ci skip] Patch by @Erol
-
-Fri Jan  2 15:10:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* test/openssl/test_ssl_session.rb (OpenSSL#test_ctx_client_session_cb):
-	  fix test failure with OpenSSL disabled SSLv3 protocol.
-	  [ruby-core:63772] [Bug #10046]
-
-Fri Jan  2 09:08:31 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Label::Str#==): Check class equality.
-	  (Resolv::DNS::Name#initialize): Normalize labels as
-	  Resolv::DNS::Label::Str objects.
-
-Thu Jan  1 21:41:49 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* doc/regexp.rdoc: fix regexp docs for whitespace character.
-	  [ruby-dev:48765] [Bug #10624]
-
-Thu Jan  1 17:50:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: try locale encoding name.
-	  [ruby-core:67109] [Bug #10643]
-
-Thu Jan  1 11:07:12 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* symbol.c (rb_gc_free_dsymbol): delete from global fstr hash
-	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb (test_symbol_fstr_leak): test for bug
-	  [ruby-core:67268] [Bug #10686]
-
-Thu Jan  1 09:14:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* vm_args.c (keyword_hash_p): fix non-symbol keys hash.
-	  rb_extract_keywords() returns 0 not Qnil when no symbol keys is
-	  included.  [ruby-core:67264] [Bug #10685]
-
-Wed Dec 31 17:48:43 2014  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Label::Str#initialize): Set encoding
-	  ASCII-8BIT before downcase.  case insensitivity of DNS labels doesn't
-	  apply non-ASCII characters.  [RFC 4343]
-
-Wed Dec 31 16:48:44 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (gettable_gen): disable warnings of possible reference
-	  to a local variable defined in a past scope.
-	  [ruby-core:67162] [Bug #10661]
-
-Wed Dec 31 13:43:48 2014  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Name#==): Compare an array of Label:Str
-	  objects.  Label#Str#== is case-insensitive.
-
-Tue Dec 30 16:16:12 2014  Ben Miller  <bmiller@rackspace.com>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Name#==): DNS is case-insensitive, so the
-	  comparison should be case-insensitive as well.
-	  [ruby-core:66498] [Bug #10550]
-
-Tue Dec 30 16:03:45 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Name): names with different dots
-	  should be different.
-
-Tue Dec 30 13:16:56 2014  Martin Duerst  <bernhard+git@lsmod.de>
-
-	* lib/uri/common.rb: Initialize HTML5ASCIIINCOMPAT to empty Array
-	  to avoid error during bootstrap when encodings are not yet defined.
-	  [Bug #10678]
-
-Tue Dec 30 09:29:26 2014  Bernhard M. Wiedemann  <bernhard+git@lsmod.de>
-
-	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (Init_dbm): [DOC] as UNIX permissions are octal
-	  numbers, needs to be prefixed by 0.  [Fix GH-800]
-
-Tue Dec 30 08:57:39 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* lib/unicode_normalize.rb: typo fix. [ci skip]
-	  [ruby-dev:48794][misc #10675]
-
-Mon Dec 29 19:38:01 2014  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* version.h (RUBY_VERSION): 2.3.0 development has started.
-
-Mon Dec 29 18:58:46 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* re.c (unescape_nonascii): append escape sequence as-is not
-	  unescaped character, to get rid of unexpected meta-character.
-	  [ruby-core:67193] [Bug #10670]
-
-Mon Dec 29 14:27:33 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Symbols): now Symbols created by
-	  interpolation can be garbage collected.  patch by Yihang Ho in
-	  [ruby-core:67194].  [Bug #10671]
-
-Mon Dec 29 11:18:17 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* thread.c (rb_thread_variable_get): fix dynamic symbol keys.
-	  rb_check_id() returns non-zero only for static symbols, whereas
-	  thread local variable keys can be dynamic symbols.
-	  [ruby-core:67185] [Bug #10667]
-
-Mon Dec 29 10:37:27 2014  Thiago Lewin  <thiago_lewin@yahoo.com.br>
-
-	* io.c (rb_f_select): [DOC] workaround for YARD doc.  [Fix GH-799]
-
-	* process.c (proc_detach): [DOC] fix missing closing parenthesis.
-	  [Fix GH-799]
-
-Mon Dec 29 07:27:23 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/json, test/json: merge JSON HEAD(17fe8e7)
-	  https://github.com/flori/json/compare/v1.8.1...17fe8e7
-
-Sun Dec 28 23:49:37 2014  Michal Papis  <mpapis@gmail.com>
-
-	* rbinstall.rb: fix target location for installing bundled gems.
-	  install to the prepared directory instead of default Gem.dir,
-	  not to be affected GEM_HOME environment variable.  [Fix GH-798]
-
-Sun Dec 28 18:19:28 2014  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* test/-ext-/iseq_load/test_iseq_load.rb
-	  (test_next_in_block_in_block): test using ISeq#eval
-	  (test_break_ensure): ditto
-	  [ruby-core:66988]
-
-Sun Dec 28 16:25:12 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in (EXTOBJS): override to add resource files
-	  always.  [ruby-core:67153] [Bug #10657]
-
-Sun Dec 28 13:54:26 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* parse.y (f_kwrest, new_args_tail_gen): unnamed rest keyword and
-	  keywords bits arguments should be unique.  since internal IDs
-	  depend on the local variable index in the current scope, new ID
-	  should be made before popping those vtables.
-	  [ruby-core:67157] [Bug #10659]
-
-Sat Dec 27 20:12:55 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/json/generator/generator.c (JSON_Generator_State_type): add
-	  #ifdef for backward compatibility.
-
-	* ext/json/parser/parser.rl (JSON_Parser_type): ditto.
-
-	* ext/json/generator/generator.h (ZALLOC): add fallback definition.
-
-	* ext/json/parser/parser.h (ZALLOC): ditto.
-
-Sat Dec 27 16:54:05 2014  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
-
-	* process.c: Unused code removed.
-	  It seems waitpid() is universally available on POSIX platforms.
-
-Sat Dec 27 15:08:27 2014  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
-
-	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_living_threads_insert): preserve order
-	  [Bug #10660] [ruby-core:67154] [ruby-core:67159]
-
-Sat Dec 27 13:08:20 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/socket/socket.c: improved document for YARD doc.
-	  [fix GH-795][ci skip] Patch by @tlewin
-
-Sat Dec 27 10:11:21 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* ext/tk/lib/tkextlib/tcllib/plotchart.rb: fix to invoke correct function
-	  of tcllib. Patch by @zalt50 [fix GH-787]
-
-Sat Dec 27 10:03:41 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
-
-	* tool/make-snapshot: show sha1 digest when making packages.
-	  it's request from https://github.com/ruby/www.ruby-lang.org/issues/921
-	  [fix GH-794]
-
-Fri Dec 26 15:32:16 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c (ip_invoke_core): remove probably duplicate
-	  dead code.
-
-Fri Dec 26 15:28:27 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c (ip_ruby_cmd_receiver_const_get): simply use
-	  rb_path2class() to get a class/module from its name.
-
-Fri Dec 26 15:20:54 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* marshal.c (w_long): append at once by w_nbyte() instead of
-	  appending byte by byte.
-
-Fri Dec 26 15:13:13 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/json/parser/parser.rl (unescape_unicode): check if valid
-	  before bit-or assignments.
-	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
-
-	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/nkf.c (nkf_iconv_t): fix a missing semicolon.
-	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
-
-	* process.c (rb_spawn_process): get rid of usage of uninitialized
-	  variable.
-	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
-
-	* regexec.c (match_at): ditto.
-
-	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (ole_wc2mb_alloc, ole_vstr2wc, ole_mb2wc):
-	  ditto.
-
-	* dir.c (ruby_glob0): no need to check never-NULL pointer.
-	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
-
-	* win32/file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): ditto.
-
-	* win32/file.c (code_page_i): handle realloc failure.
-	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
-
-	* win32/stub.c (stub_sysinit): ditto.
-
-	* fix printf format conversion specifiers.
-	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
-
-Fri Dec 26 01:41:40 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/rbinstall.rb: skip installing bundle gems if zlib is unavailable.
-	  [Bug #10647] [ruby-dev:48787]
-
-Fri Dec 26 01:24:42 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* tool/downloader.rb: support old versions of ruby.
-
-	* tool/downloader.rb: now can download gems by http if openssl is not
-	  available (this may be danger!)
-
-Fri Dec 26 00:13:48 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* test/ruby/test_extlibs.rb: check existence of extension libraries
-	  which not depend on outer libraries. (experimental)
-
-Thu Dec 25 21:58:15 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/extconf.rb: make PIC objects if it will be linked as
-	  a shared object eventually.  [ruby-core:67128]
-
-Thu Dec 25 19:01:13 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/fiddle/win32/libffi-3.2.1-mswin.patch: support mswin32.
-
-Thu Dec 25 17:30:40 2014  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
-
-	* gc.c (wmap_final_func): fix memory size shortage when realloc wmap.
-	  Fix SEGV during finalize of WeakRef on Solaris (though the SEGV
-	  could occur on all OS/platforms). [ruby-dev:48779] [Bug #10646]
-
-Thu Dec 25 17:27:06 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* configure.in (NET_LUID): include winsock2.h instead of windows.h.
-	  patch by Jon Forums in [ruby-core:67125].  [Bug #10640]
-
-Thu Dec 25 16:14:10 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
-
-	* ext/io/console/console.c (console_dev): send the given arguments
-	  to the opened console.  as a special case, do nothing if :close
-	  is given.
-
-	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb (LeakChecker#check_fd_leak): close if
-	  console.
-
-For the changes before 2.2.0, see doc/ChangeLog-2.2.0
-For the changes before 2.1.0, see doc/ChangeLog-2.1.0
-For the changes before 2.0.0, see doc/ChangeLog-2.0.0
-For the changes before 1.9.3, see doc/ChangeLog-1.9.3
-For the changes before 1.8.0, see doc/ChangeLog-1.8.0
-
-Local variables:
-coding: us-ascii
-add-log-time-format: (lambda ()
-  (let* ((time (current-time))
-	 (system-time-locale "C")
-	 (diff (+ (cadr time) 32400))
-	 (lo (% diff 65536))
-	 (hi (+ (car time) (/ diff 65536))))
-  (format-time-string "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y" (list hi lo) t)))
-indent-tabs-mode: t
-tab-width: 8
-change-log-indent-text: 2
-end:
-vim: tabstop=8 shiftwidth=2
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-0.06_to_0.52 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-0.06_to_0.52
index 63826081b3..63826081b3 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-0.06_to_0.52
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-0.06_to_0.52
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-0.50_to_0.60 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-0.50_to_0.60
index 5f5b03ff40..5f5b03ff40 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-0.50_to_0.60
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-0.50_to_0.60
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-0.60_to_1.1 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-0.60_to_1.1
index 59d195e780..59d195e780 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-0.60_to_1.1
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-0.60_to_1.1
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-1.8.0 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-1.8.0
index 6d9453d011..6d9453d011 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-1.8.0
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-1.8.0
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-1.9.3 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-1.9.3
index 0f80eed2d5..0f80eed2d5 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-1.9.3
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-1.9.3
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-2.0.0 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.0.0
index 9e654db189..9e654db189 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-2.0.0
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.0.0
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-2.1.0 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.1.0
index 5b670b31c9..5b670b31c9 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-2.1.0
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.1.0
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-2.2.0 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.2.0
index 5a7dbf826d..5a7dbf826d 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-2.2.0
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.2.0
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.3.0 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.3.0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..94996cffd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.3.0
@@ -0,0 +1,12188 @@
+Thu Dec 24 23:01:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* NEWS: added entry for CGI.escapeHTML optimization.
+
+Thu Dec 24 18:43:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (rb_compile_error_with_enc, rb_compile_error),
+	  (rb_compile_bug): deprecate internal functions.
+
+	* parse.y (parser_yyerror): construct exception message with
+	  source code and caret.
+
+Thu Dec 24 17:25:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (append_compile_error), parse.y (compile_error):
+	  preserve encoding of source file name in exceptions.
+
+	* error.c (rb_compile_error_str, rb_compile_bug_str): add.
+
+Thu Dec 24 16:17:47 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk (fake.rb): $(arch)-fake.rb must depend on miniruby because
+	  it may depend on miniruby.
+
+Thu Dec 24 16:13:05 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk (ripper.c): r50045 wrongly replace $(PWD) with ../..
+	  It is the top of build directory, not topsrcdir.
+
+Thu Dec 24 15:02:42 2015  sorah (Shota Fukumori)  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): Refactor. Avoid assigning in condition.
+
+Thu Dec 24 15:01:38 2015  sorah (Shota Fukumori)  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* tool/file2lastrev.rb: Fix ArgumentError to work on Ruby 1.8.7.
+
+Thu Dec 24 14:44:08 2015  sorah (Shota Fukumori)  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): Enable on Ruby 1.9 where chdir option is not
+	  supported on IO.popen
+
+	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): Fix NoMethodError. I guess r49705 was not
+	  tested... :/
+
+Thu Dec 24 14:57:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* NEWS: rename
+	  "Implementation changes" section to
+	  "Supported platform changes" section.
+
+	* NEWS: add "Implementation improvements" and add several entries.
+
+	* NEWS: add NEWS entries by Eric Wong. [ruby-core:72450]
+
+Thu Dec 24 00:26:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/console/extconf.rb: fix gem build failure on Windows.
+	  only win32_vk.inc is included in the gem and no dependencies for
+	  the header, so that gperf will not be mandatory.
+	  [ruby-core:72453] [Bug #11866]
+
+	* ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec: include depend file and
+	  win32_vk header.
+
+Wed Dec 23 23:58:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_readwrite_syserr_fail): works with the given errno than
+	  thread local errno.
+
+Wed Dec 23 17:57:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c, io.c, util.c: prefer rb_syserr_fail with saved errno
+	  over setting errno then call rb_sys_fail, not to be clobbered
+	  potentially and to reduce thread local errno accesses.
+
+Wed Dec 23 11:58:52 2015  Yuichiro Kaneko  <yui-knk@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c: Fix document. Default value of the first
+	  argument of `String#split` is not `$;` but `nil`.
+	  When `nil` is passed as first argument, `$;` is used.
+	  [ci skip] [Bug #11729] [ruby-dev:49378]
+
+Wed Dec 23 07:15:17 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_init_sock): reject reserved FDs
+	  [ruby-core:72445] [Bug #11862]
+
+Wed Dec 23 02:59:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__): necessary to use memset_s
+	  in strict C99 mode.
+
+Wed Dec 23 02:34:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* regexec.c (match_at): move direct threaded VM code to get rid of
+	  mixed declarations and code, and enable it only for gcc since it
+	  depends on a gcc extension.
+
+Wed Dec 23 02:23:19 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0
+
+	* NEWS: Add news about the did_you_mean gem
+
+Wed Dec 23 02:18:57 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/contributing.rdoc: [DOC] remove an extra word "here".
+	  [Fix GH-1169]
+
+Wed Dec 23 01:58:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* regexec.c (USE_DIRECT_THREADED_VM): enable direct threaded VM by
+	  the default.
+
+Tue Dec 22 22:15:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.c (internal_object_p): should not expose singleton classes
+	  without a metaclass.  based on patches by ko1 and shugo.
+	  [Bug #11740]
+
+	* class.c (rb_singleton_class_object_p): added.
+
+Tue Dec 22 22:15:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec: bump up to 0.4.4.
+
+Tue Dec 22 22:11:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* NEWS: Added news entry of Psych 2.0.17
+
+Tue Dec 22 22:09:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* NEWS: Added news entry of RDoc 4.2.1
+
+Tue Dec 22 21:20:00 2015  Kenta Murata  <mrkn@mrkn.jp>
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec: bump version to 1.2.8.
+
+Tue Dec 22 21:08:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rdoc.rb: bump version to 4.2.1. It contains following fixes.
+	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/340
+	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/341
+	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/367
+	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/368
+	* lib/rdoc/*: ditto.
+	* test/rdoc/*: ditto.
+
+Tue Dec 22 20:25:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version to 2.0.17
+	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: ditto.
+
+Tue Dec 22 20:14:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: move vm_callee_setup_block_arg() (and related
+	  functions) to the latter location.
+	  This moving recovers performance a little.
+	  [Bug #11829]
+
+Tue Dec 22 15:21:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (str_compat_and_valid): as scrub does nothing for dummy
+	  encoding string now, incompatible encoding is not a matter.
+
+Tue Dec 22 14:31:28 2015  Toru Iwase  <tietew@tietew.net>
+
+	* ext/cgi/escape/escape.c (optimized_escape_html): CGI.escapeHTML
+	  should return unfrozen new string.
+	  [ruby-core:72426] [Bug #11858]
+
+Tue Dec 22 05:39:58 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <k0kubun@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/cgi/escape/escape.c (preserve_original_state): Preserve
+	  original state for tainted and frozen.  [Fix GH-1166]
+	  [ruby-dev:49451] [Bug #11855]
+
+Tue Dec 22 03:57:20 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_init_sock): check FD after validating
+	* test/socket/test_basicsocket.rb (test_for_fd): new
+	  [ruby-core:72418] [Bug #11854]
+
+Mon Dec 21 21:29:45 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* variable.c (struct ivar_update): rename "extended" to "iv_extended"
+	  to avoid name conflict with /usr/include/floatingpoint.h on
+	  Solaris. [Bug #11853] [ruby-dev:49448]
+
+Mon Dec 21 12:15:32 2015  Kimura Wataru  <kimuraw@i.nifty.jp>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: handled rlimit value same as r52277
+	  [Bug #11852][ruby-dev:49446]
+
+Mon Dec 21 10:21:22 2015  Ilya Vassilevsky <vassilevsky@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb (open_timeout): update default value in RDoc
+	  [ruby-core:72413]
+
+Mon Dec 21 10:18:46 2015  Kazuki Yamaguchi  <k@rhe.jp>
+
+	* vm_backtrace.c (rb_profile_frames): ignore ifunc frames as it
+	  did before.  [ruby-core:72409] [Bug #11851]
+
+Mon Dec 21 09:33:17 2015  Karol Bucek  <kares@users.noreply.github.com>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket): fix
+	  NotImplementedError typo.  [Fix GH-1165]
+
+Sun Dec 20 20:54:51 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <k0kubun@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* cgi/escape/escape.c: Optimize CGI.escapeHTML for
+	  ASCII-compatible encodings.  [Fix GH-1164]
+
+Sun Dec 20 15:36:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/erb.rb: revert r53123. It breaks compatibility like thor and
+	  rspec-rails.
+	  We should try with Ruby 2.4 or 3.0.
+	  [Bug #11842][ruby-core:72374]
+	* lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb: ditto.
+	* template/verconf.h.tmpl: ditto.
+
+Sun Dec 20 11:43:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_yylex): allow here documents in labeled
+	  argument.  [ruby-core:72396] [Bug #11849]
+
+Sun Dec 20 11:14:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): should check Symbol or not.
+	  [Bug #11850]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test.
+
+Sun Dec 20 11:01:57 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): fix notation.
+
+Sun Dec 20 10:54:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_new): fix notation.
+
+Sun Dec 20 00:29:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_proc_get_iseq): proc made from symbol does not have
+	  iseq.  fix infinite loop.  [ruby-core:72381] [Bug #11845]
+
+Sat Dec 19 20:06:10 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* enc/windows_1250.c: Should not use C++ style comments (C99 feature).
+	  [Bug #11843]
+
+Sat Dec 19 17:17:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#initialize):
+	  use WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler::Thread, which is ignored by
+	  LeakChecker#find_threads, instead of ::Thread to get rid of
+	  thread leak checker.  since this TimeoutHandler is resident
+	  during tests because of Singleton, it waits for the next timeout
+	  if it has any schedules.  in the case of nested timeouts, inner
+	  timeout does not cancel outer timeouts and then those schedules
+	  still remain.
+
+Sat Dec 19 14:28:01 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/zlib/zlib.c (Init_zlib): [DOC] Fix double-word typo and
+	  grammatical error.  [Fix GH-1162]
+
+Sat Dec 19 14:23:59 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/csv.rb (CSV#initialize): [DOC] Fix double-word typo.
+	  [Fix GH-1161]
+
+Sat Dec 19 10:33:33 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* enc/iso_8859_2.c, enc/windows_1250.c: separate Windows-1250
+	  from ISO-8859-2 to fix 0x80..0x9e range (from Kimihito Matsui)
+
+Fri Dec 18 21:26:54 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler): To prevent
+	  potential deadlocks, Queue is used to tell update of @timeout_info
+	  instead of sleep and wakeup. [Bug #11742] [ruby-dev:49387]
+
+Fri Dec 18 17:24:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (ibf_load_object_string): use fstring if frozen string.
+
+Fri Dec 18 16:54:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_set_encoding): add StringIO's own
+	  encoding and separate it from the buffer string to override the
+	  encoding of string when reading.  [ruby-core:72189] [Bug #11827]
+	  note that setting the encoding of its buffer string directly
+	  without StringIO#set_encoding may cause unpredictable behavior.
+
+Fri Dec 18 16:50:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (ibf_load_setup): check tainted string argument.
+
+Fri Dec 18 16:12:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: define USE_LAZY_LOAD if it is not defined.
+
+Fri Dec 18 15:40:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_unget_bytes): extract from
+	  strio_ungetbyte to share with strio_ungetc.
+
+Fri Dec 18 12:39:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/*.rdoc: separated modifier at sentence.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1121] Patch by @clandry94
+
+Fri Dec 18 12:09:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_ungetbyte): pad with \000 when
+	  the current position is after the end.
+
+Fri Dec 18 11:24:48 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_make, check_override_opt_method):
+	  should check whether a newly created method overrides an optimize
+	  method in case the method is defined in a prepended module of a
+	  built-in class.
+	  [ruby-core:72226] [Bug #11836]
+
+Fri Dec 18 11:09:38 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_exec): call RUBY_DTRACE_CMETHOD_RETURN_HOOK instead of
+	  RUBY_DTRACE_METHOD_RETURN_HOOK.
+
+Fri Dec 18 10:24:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb: fixed parse error for striped heredocument syntax.
+	  [fix GH-1127] Patch by @koic
+
+Fri Dec 18 09:44:47 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/pty/pty.c: fix double words typo.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1157] Patch by @jwworth
+
+Fri Dec 18 09:42:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/utf8tbl.c: fix a typo.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1159] Patch by @akshay-vishnoi
+	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/utf8tbl.h: ditto.
+
+Fri Dec 18 07:39:01 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm.c (rb_vm_check_redefinition_opt_method): should check the real
+	  class instead of the origin iclass.
+	  [ruby-core:72188] [Bug #11826]
+
+Thu Dec 17 22:13:10 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_args.c (vm_caller_setup_arg_block): remove code for ifunc
+	  because it was made unnecessary by r52138.
+
+Thu Dec 17 16:13:10 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_block_arity): should not call GetProcPtr() for symbols.
+	  [ruby-core:72205] [Bug #11830]
+
+Thu Dec 17 14:16:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_scrub): the result should be infected by the
+	  original string.
+
+Thu Dec 17 13:35:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* transcode.c (rb_econv_substr_append, econv_primitive_convert):
+	  the result should be infected by the original string.
+
+Thu Dec 17 09:46:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* re.c (reg_names_iter): should consider encoding of regexp.
+	  [ruby-core:72185] [Bug #11825]
+
+Thu Dec 17 03:52:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): should not compare with Qfalse and FALSE.
+	  Pointed at http://d.hatena.ne.jp/nagachika/20151216/ruby_trunk_changes_53128_53163
+
+Thu Dec 17 03:15:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method_each_type): should not set fastpath
+	  with keyword arguments for VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET type methods.
+
+	  Normally, we can not use keyword arguments for this kind of methods,
+	  (obj.foo = 1), but we can set alias names for them.
+	  [Bug #11657]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_keyword.rb: add a test for this fix.
+
+Wed Dec 16 20:32:43 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/handle.c: check tainted string arguments.
+	  Patch provided by tenderlove and nobu.
+
+	* test/fiddle/test_handle.rb (class TestHandle): add test for above.
+
+
+Wed Dec 16 19:30:56 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_make_proc_from_block): should convert a Symbol to a Proc.
+	  [ruby-core:72083] [Bug #11811]
+
+Wed Dec 16 16:17:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: fix spelling errors
+
+Wed Dec 16 16:04:49 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* NEWS: note IO#advise change [ruby-core:72168]
+
+Wed Dec 16 15:35:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c: fix mark miss for proc given as passed block.
+	  [Bug #11750]
+
+	* vm.c (vm_make_proc_from_block): should return a Proc object
+	  if block is given. Previous implementation returns
+	  a Proc object only when corresponding Proc object is not
+	  available.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_proc.rb: add a test for this bug.
+
+Wed Dec 16 12:24:59 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* test_struct.rb: Test that initialize is overridable [#11708]
+
+Wed Dec 16 10:49:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (block_command, block_call): fix `&.` calls after
+	  block_call.  [Feature #11537]
+
+Wed Dec 16 00:53:45 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler): Acquire
+	  TimeoutMutex only when accessing @timeout_info for avoiding
+	  potential deadlock. [Bug #11742] [ruby-dev:49387]
+
+Wed Dec 16 00:39:27 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/extension.rdoc: [DOC] fix double-word typo.  [Fix GH-1153]
+
+Wed Dec 16 00:25:41 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#initialize):
+	  TimeoutMutex should be acquired when accessing @timeout_info.
+	  To avoid deadlock, interrupt() calls are delayed.
+	  Due to the mutex, it is safe to treat ary without ary.dup.
+	  [Bug #11742] [ruby-dev:49387]
+
+Tue Dec 15 23:13:10 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* gc.c: Delete excess semicolon after RUBY_ALIAS_FUNCTION().
+	  Suppress "syntax error:  empty declaration" warnings by
+	  Oracle Solaris Studio 12.x on Solaris. [Bug #11821]
+
+	* hash.c: ditto, after NOINSERT_UPDATE_CALLBACK().
+
+Tue Dec 15 18:04:04 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* NEWS: added news about EBCDIC encoding
+
+Tue Dec 15 17:57:57 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* enc/ebcdic.h, enc/trans/ebcdic.trans,
+	  test/ruby/test_transcode.rb: Fixed encoding name
+	  to the correct one in the IANA registry (IBM037)
+	  and added an alias (ebcdic-cp-us)
+
+Tue Dec 15 16:19:26 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <k0kubun@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/erb.rb: Render erb with array buffer for function call optimization.
+	  [fix GH-1143]
+	* lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb: ditto.
+	* template/verconf.h.tmpl: ditto.
+
+Tue Dec 15 13:50:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_oct): [DOC] mention radix indicators.
+	  [ruby-core:71310] [Bug #11648]
+
+Tue Dec 15 12:20:30 2015  Takashi Kokubun  <k0kubun@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/erb.rb: Simplify regexp to optimize erb scanner.
+	  [fix GH-1144]
+
+Tue Dec 15 11:56:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/uri/common.rb: make code block for rdoc.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1152] Patch by @Tonkpils
+
+Tue Dec 15 11:55:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/zlib/zlib.c: fix a typo.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1149] Patch by @crismali
+
+Tue Dec 15 09:14:14 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* tool/transcode_tablegen.rb: detailed documentation
+	  for transcode_tblgen function [ci skip]
+
+Mon Dec 14 22:11:11 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* enc/ebcdic.h: new dummy encoding EBCDIC-US
+	* enc/trans/ebcdic.trans: transcodings between EBCDIC-US
+	  and iso-8859-1 [with code from Andrea Ribuoli]
+	* test/ruby/test_transcode.rb: tests for above
+	* tool/transcode_tablegen.rb: additional argument for
+	  method transcode_tblgen
+
+Mon Dec 14 17:04:14 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb: use safe navigation operator.
+	  [fix GH-1142] Patch by @mlarraz
+	* lib/drb/extservm.rb: ditto.
+	* lib/net/http.rb: ditto.
+	* lib/net/http/response.rb: ditto.
+	* lib/scanf.rb: ditto.
+	* lib/uri/generic.rb: ditto.
+
+Mon Dec 14 17:03:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* bootstraptest/runner.rb: use safe navigation operator.
+	  [fix GH-1142] Patch by @mlarraz
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: ditto.
+	* test/ruby/test_econv.rb: ditto.
+	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: ditto.
+	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: ditto.
+
+Mon Dec 14 14:33:35 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/xmlrpc.rb: added documentation for parser details.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1124] Patch by @jrafanie
+
+Mon Dec 14 11:46:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enum.c: fix a typo in documentation.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
+	* io.c: ditto.
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+	* numeric.c: ditto.
+	* process.c: ditto.
+	* string.c: ditto.
+	* vm_trace.c: ditto.
+
+Mon Dec 14 11:41:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/cgi.rb: fix a typo in documentation.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
+
+Mon Dec 14 11:31:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c: fix typos.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
+	* dir.c: ditto.
+	* gc.c: ditto.
+	* io.c: ditto.
+	* node.h: ditto.
+	* thread_pthread.c: ditto.
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+	* vsnprintf.c: ditto.
+
+Mon Dec 14 11:27:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enc/iso_2022_jp.h: fix typos.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
+	* enc/utf_16_32.h: ditto.
+	* enc/utf_7.h: ditto.
+
+Mon Dec 14 11:25:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_app_aobench.rb: fix typos.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1140] Patch by @jutaz
+	* benchmark/bm_vm_thread_pipe.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun Dec 13 23:46:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (trace_lex_state): trace lex_state changes if yydebug is
+	  set, and send the messages to rb_stdout.
+
+	* parse.y (rb_parser_printf): store YYPRINTF messages per lines
+	  so that lex_state traces do not mix.
+
+	* tool/ytab.sed: add parser argument to yy_stack_print too.
+
+Sun Dec 13 20:41:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (build_lex_state_name, trace_lex_state): lex_state is
+	  now bit flags and can be set 2 bits or more.
+
+Sun Dec 13 20:26:30 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_syntax.rb: fix typo in test
+
+Sun Dec 13 20:12:14 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
+
+	* parse.y (parse_percent): Allow %-literals in labeled arg as
+	  r51624 did for parentheses.
+	  Fixes [ruby-core:72084] [Bug #11812].
+
+Sun Dec 13 20:02:15 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: fix a typo
+
+Sun Dec 13 19:54:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/envutil.rb: move envutil's assertions under Test::Unit::Assertion.
+	* test/lib/test/unit/assertions.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun Dec 13 19:24:20 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
+
+	* parse.y (lex_state_name): Make it return the correct names.
+	  Add new names to follow r51617; Indices ffs(2) returns are 1-origin.
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:40:45 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
+
+	* parse.y: debug output of lex_state transition if PARSER_DEBUG
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:49:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (parse_mode_enc): preserve encoding of mode string in
+	  warnings.
+
+	* io.c (io_encname_bom_p): check BOM prefix only, not including
+	  UTF prefix.
+
+	* io.c (parse_mode_enc): warn BOM with non-UTF encoding.
+
+	* io.c (parse_mode_enc): fix buffer overflow.
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:35:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/function.c (initialize): check all arguments first.
+	  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
+
+	* ext/fiddle/conversions.h (PTR2NUM): use signed integer to make
+	  Fixnum for negative values.
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:33:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* pack.c (pack_pack): always check index range against the
+	  receiver array length, which can be shortened by elements
+	  conversion.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:28:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/psych_emitter.c (start_document): should not exceed
+	  tags array range.
+
+	* ext/psych/psych_emitter.c (start_document): ensure string before
+	  encoding conversion.
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:26:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (tk_hash_kv): check types of array
+	  argument.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
+
+	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (cbsubst_table_setup): check length of
+	  argument arrays for each access, as callback methods can modify
+	  them.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco Talos.
+
+	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (cbsubst_table_setup): check types of
+	  argument elements.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of Cisco
+	  Talos.
+
+Sun Dec 13 18:19:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (ole_vstr2wc): check argument type, vstr
+	  must be a String here.  reported by Marcin 'Icewall' Noga of
+	  Cisco Talos.
+
+Sun Dec 13 16:41:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (BOOTSTRAPRUBY): make BASERUBY full path before
+	  building ruby to get rid of unexpectedly invoking built ruby.
+	  [ruby-core:72065] [Bug #11807]
+
+	* configure.in (BOOTSTRAPRUBY): use MINIRUBY but not BASERUBY
+	  unless cross compiling.  [ruby-core:72065] [Bug #11807]
+
+Sun Dec 13 14:17:19 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* test/test_shellwords.rb (TestShellwords): Add many more tests
+	  for handling whitespace characters and frozenness.
+
+Sun Dec 13 14:16:09 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* lib/shellwords.rb (Shellwords#shellsplit): Document that this
+	  method does not treat shell metacharacters as such.
+
+Sun Dec 13 12:17:43 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/shellwords.rb (shellescape): duplicate frozen literal
+	* test/test_shellwords.rb (test_stringification): new test
+
+Sun Dec 13 11:47:35 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* object.c (rb_inspect): check the default internal encoding as
+	  String#inspect do.
+	  [ruby-dev:49415] [Bug #11787]
+
+Sun Dec 13 11:38:12 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* lib/shellwords.rb: Turn on frozen-string-literal after fixing
+	  shellsplit.
+
+Sun Dec 13 10:44:44 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* KNOWNBUGS.rb: Fixed typo, made more explicit [ci skip]
+
+Sun Dec 13 10:26:47 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ssl_npn_select_cb_common): fix parsing
+	  protocol list.
+	  The protocol list from OpenSSL is not null-terminated.
+	  patched by Kazuki Yamaguchi [Bug #11810] [ruby-core:72082]
+
+Sun Dec 13 06:40:30 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/ostruct.rb: Have OpenStruct#dig raise if argument is not a
+	  symbol
+	  nor a string. See [#11762]
+
+Sun Dec 13 00:05:42 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method_missing): method_missing should
+	  not be refined.
+	  [ruby-core:72080] [Bug #11809]
+
+Sat Dec 12 23:00:17 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/nkf.c: Merge nkf 2.1.4.
+
+Sat Dec 12 18:52:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): raise TypeError if an element does not
+	  have #dig method.  [ruby-core:71798] [Bug #11762]
+
+Sat Dec 12 17:59:07 2015  Yuichiro Kaneko  <yui-knk@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_regexp.rb: Add test cases for `$KCODE` and `$=` warning
+	  [Misc #11770][ruby-dev:49398]
+
+Sat Dec 12 17:11:57 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/NEWS-0.2.2: add description about incompatible change in Hash
+	  duplicated key overriding policy. [Bug #10315] [Bug #11501]
+
+Sat Dec 12 07:44:38 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* io.c (do_io_advise): do not raise on ENOSYS
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb (test_advise): do not skip on Errno::ENOSYS
+	  (test_advise_pipe): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:72066] [Feature #11806]
+
+Sat Dec 12 07:05:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enc/windows_1252.c: separate from ISO-8859-1 to fix 0x80..0x9e
+	  range.  [ruby-core:64049] [Bug #10097]
+
+Fri Dec 11 23:33:40 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* sample/trick2015/: added the award-winning entries of TRICK 2015.
+	  See https://github.com/tric/trick2015 for the contest outline.
+
+Fri Dec 11 17:59:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* insns.def (opt_case_dispatch): avoid converting Infinity
+	* test/ruby/test_optimization.rb (test_opt_case_dispatch_inf): new
+	  [ruby-dev:49423] [Bug #11804]'
+
+Fri Dec 11 16:48:57 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_num_hash_start): avoid pathological behavior
+	  [ruby-core:72028] [Feature #11405]
+
+Fri Dec 11 11:58:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* NEWS: Mentioned rubygems-2.5.1
+
+Fri Dec 11 11:52:39 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.1
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Fri Dec 11 11:38:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each, ibf_load_object_hash): rehash
+	  case-dispatch hash to reduce collisions.
+	  http://d.hatena.ne.jp/ku-ma-me/20151210
+
+Fri Dec 11 03:44:43 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* object.c (rb_inspect): dump inspected result with rb_str_escape()
+	  instead of raising Encoding::CompatibilityError. [Feature #11801]
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_escape): added to dump given string like
+	  rb_str_inspect without quotes and always dump in US-ASCII
+	  like rb_str_dump.
+
+Thu Dec 10 14:59:59 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_gc.rb (test_expand_heap): relax condition (1->2).
+
+Thu Dec 10 14:15:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* cont.c: fix a double word typo.
+	  [Bug #11313][ruby-core:69749]
+
+Thu Dec 10 14:13:34 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/tk/lib/multi-tk.rb: fix typos.
+	  [Bug #11764][ruby-core:71800]
+
+Thu Dec 10 11:33:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): reduce needless rb_str_dup
+	  [ruby-core:72018] <5668DB6E.8000101@ruby-lang.org>
+
+Thu Dec 10 09:32:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb, lib/shellwords.rb: disable frozen-string-literal.
+	  [ruby-core:72011] [Bug #11800]
+
+Thu Dec 10 06:33:39 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* marshal.c (memsize_dump_arg): remove NULL check
+	  (memsize_load_arg): ditto
+
+Thu Dec 10 05:53:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/mkconfig.rb: rbconfig must not be frozen-string-literal to
+	  expand CONFIG hash.  [ruby-core:72006] [Bug #11798]
+
+Thu Dec 10 05:03:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ifaddr.c (ifaddr_mark): remove empty function
+	  (ifaddr_type): pass zero to rb_data_type_t.function.dmark
+
+Thu Dec 10 04:49:16 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* proc.c (bm_free): remove, use default free
+	  (method_data_type): use RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
+
+Thu Dec 10 02:01:41 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): do not add debug information
+	  without --debug or --debug=frozen-string-literal option
+	  because String#dup slows down with debug information.
+	  [Feature #11725]
+
+	* NEWS: apply about it.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: catch up this fix with refactoring.
+
+Thu Dec 10 00:06:56 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c: rename methods
+	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_binary_format -> #to_binary
+	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format -> .load_from_binary
+	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format_extra_data ->
+	                             .load_from_binary_extra_data
+
+	* iseq.c: fix document of iseq.to_binary.
+	  [Fix GH-1134]
+
+	* sample/iseq_loader.rb: catch up this change.
+
+	* test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb: ditto.
+
+Wed Dec  9 17:02:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* regparse.h (SET_NTYPE): get rid of breaking strict aliasing.
+	  patch by Zarko Todorovski in [ruby-core:71953].  [Bug #11790]
+
+Wed Dec  9 16:10:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (rb_vm_cref_in_context): Module#define_method in non-class
+	  expression should be public.
+	  [Bug #11754]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test.
+
+Wed Dec  9 14:45:27 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_stacked_objects): fix typo.
+	  reported by XIE Zhibang. [Bug #11763]
+
+Wed Dec  9 14:37:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc: remove outdated description.
+
+Wed Dec  9 09:58:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/**/*.c (*_memsize): same as r52986 for extensions.
+
+Wed Dec  9 09:46:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* .gitignore: ignored ISeq binary format.
+
+Wed Dec  9 09:34:41 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* *.c (*_memsize): do not check ptr.
+	  NULL checking is finished Before call of memsize functions.
+	  See r52979.
+
+Wed Dec  9 09:25:29 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/net/smtp/test_response.rb: use Test::Unit. We should use Test::Unit
+	  without rubygems and rdoc.
+
+Wed Dec  9 06:26:23 2015  Colin Kelley <colindkelley@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/uri/generic.rb: enable frozen_string_literal
+	  (split_userinfo): remove explicit .freeze for string literals
+	  (check_path): ditto
+	  (query): ditto
+	  (fragment): ditto
+	  (to_s): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:71910] [Bug #11759]
+
+Wed Dec  9 06:25:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/uri/test_generic.rb (to_s): new test
+	  [ruby-core:71820]
+
+Wed Dec  9 02:18:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (ibf_dump_memsize): should check NULL.
+
+Wed Dec  9 01:46:35 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_init): now accepts new option parameter `encoding'.
+	  [Feature #11785]
+
+Wed Dec  9 00:52:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_stat_wr, rb_stat_ww): call get_stat only once and
+	  reduce checking struct.  patch by Yuki Kurihara in
+	  [ruby-core:71949].  [Misc #11789]
+
+Wed Dec  9 00:24:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_ibf_dump): dump extra data just string length.
+
+	* sample/iseq_loader.rb: add using
+	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format_extra_data method
+	  (commented out).
+
+Mon Dec  9 00:21:19 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0.rc1
+
+Wed Dec  9 00:17:49 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (ibf_load_setup): cast to int.
+
+Wed Dec  9 00:13:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (ibf_setup_load): rename to ibf_load_setup().
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_load_setup): check binary format.
+
+Tue Dec  8 23:30:07 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/io/console/test_io_console.rb (run_pty): Avoid waiting twice
+	  for a process. Fix Errno::ECHILD in TestIO_Console#test_close and
+	  TestIO_Console#test_sync.
+
+Tue Dec  8 23:05:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_ibf_dump): fix for clang type checker.
+
+Tue Dec  8 23:04:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_s_load): fix mysterious bug.
+
+Tue Dec  8 22:31:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* introduce new ISeq binary format serializer/de-serializer
+	  and a pre-compilation/runtime loader sample.
+	  [Feature #11788]
+
+	* iseq.c: add new methods:
+	  * RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_binary_format(extra_data = nil)
+	  * RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format(binary)
+	  * RubyVM::InstructionSequence.from_binary_format_extra_data(binary)
+
+	* compile.c: implement body of this new feature.
+
+	* load.c (rb_load_internal0), iseq.c (rb_iseq_load_iseq):
+	  call RubyVM::InstructionSequence.load_iseq(fname) with
+	  loading script name if this method is defined.
+
+	  We can return any ISeq object as a result value.
+	  Otherwise loading will be continue as usual.
+
+	  This interface is not matured and is not extensible.
+	  So that we don't guarantee the future compatibility of this method.
+	  Basically, you shouldn't use this method.
+
+	* iseq.h: move ISEQ_MAJOR/MINOR_VERSION (and some definitions)
+	  from iseq.c.
+
+	* encoding.c (rb_data_is_encoding), internal.h: added.
+
+	* vm_core.h: add several supports for lazy load.
+	  * add USE_LAZY_LOAD macro to specify enable or disable of
+	    this feature.
+	  * add several fields to rb_iseq_t.
+	  * introduce new macro rb_iseq_check().
+
+	* insns.def: some check for lazy loading feature.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* proc.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm.c: ditto.
+
+	* test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb: enabled iff suitable
+	  environment variables are provided.
+
+	* test/runner.rb: enable lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb.
+
+	* sample/iseq_loader.rb: add sample compiler and loader.
+
+	    $ ruby sample/iseq_loader.rb [dir]
+
+	  will compile all ruby scripts in [dir].
+	  With default setting, this compile creates *.rb.yarb files
+	  in same directory of target .rb scripts.
+
+	    $ ruby -r sample/iseq_loader.rb [app]
+
+	  will run with enable to load compiled binary data.
+
+Tue Dec  8 21:21:16 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* NEWS: mention about Enumerator::Lazy#grep_v.
+	  [ruby-core:71845] [Feature #11773]
+
+Tue Dec  8 17:36:36 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* string.c: removed unused variable
+
+Tue Dec  8 16:23:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enumerator.c (lazy_grep_v): add Enumerator::Lazy#grep_v as well
+	  as Enumerable, to enumerate lazily.
+	  [ruby-core:71845] [Feature #11773]
+
+Tue Dec  8 14:27:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (name_err_local_variables): new method
+	  NameError#local_variables for internal use only.
+	  [Feature #11777]
+
+Tue Dec  8 14:20:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* marshal.c (w_objivar): skip internal instance variables in
+	  T_OBJECT too.
+
+Tue Dec  8 12:58:04 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/io/console/test_io_console.rb (test_getpass): s.getpass
+	  should be tested. Narrow ensure block. This reverts r52911.
+	  [Bug #11780] [ruby-dev:49412]
+
+Tue Dec  8 10:40:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm2_case_lit.rb: new benchmark
+	* compile.c (case_when_optimizable_literal): add nil/true/false
+	* insns.def (opt_case_dispatch): ditto
+	* vm.c (vm_redefinition_check_flag): ditto
+	* vm.c (vm_init_redefined_flag): ditto
+	* vm_core.h: ditto
+	* object.c (InitVM_Object): define === explicitly for nil/true/false
+	* test/ruby/test_case.rb (test_deoptimize_nil): new test
+	* test/ruby/test_optimization.rb (test_opt_case_dispatch): update
+	  (test_eqq): new test
+	  [ruby-core:71923] [Feature #11769]
+	  Original patch by Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+Tue Dec  8 10:19:02 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/optparse.rb: fix double word typo in the document.
+	  [Misc #10608] [Fix GH-1126]
+
+Tue Dec  8 09:03:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/date/date_core.c (d_lite_lshift): should check the argument
+	  before negation.
+
+Tue Dec  8 08:56:16 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* insns.def (opt_case_dispatch): check Float#=== redefinition
+	* test/ruby/test_optimization.rb (test_opt_case_dispatch): new
+	  [ruby-core:71920] [Bug #11784]
+
+Tue Dec  8 03:56:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb: add iseq dumper/loader checker.
+	  If you enable this checker (remove `#' in test/runner.rb),
+	  you can see comparison results between an original iseq disassembed
+	  result and dumped and loaded iseq disassembed result.
+
+	  There are several bugs around there, because of inexact stack depth
+	  calculation. Now, I leave these bugs because they are not critical
+	  and difficult to solve completely.
+
+	* test/runner.rb: require test/lib/iseq_loader_checker.rb but
+	  disabled at default (commented out).
+
+Tue Dec  8 03:45:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* doc/extension.rdoc: warn about kwargs performance in C
+	  [Feature #11339] [ci skip]
+
+Tue Dec  8 03:44:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_load): disable peephole optimization option
+	  because apply it multiple times change the sequence.
+	  (iseq != peephole_optimize(load(iseq.to_a)))
+
+Tue Dec  8 03:43:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (rb_iseq_build_from_ary): do not allocate table
+	  if table_size is 0.
+
+Tue Dec  8 03:30:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/unixsocket.c (unix_send_io): document args
+	  (unix_recv_io): ditto
+	* test/socket/test_unix.rb (test_fd_passing_class_mode): added
+
+Tue Dec 08 02:21:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_translate): at the end of constructing an iseq,
+	  call RubyVM::InstructionSequence.translate(iseq) if this method
+	  is defined. If the return value is also an object of
+	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence, then use it instead of created one.
+
+	  For example, this method is useful to test iseq dumper/loader
+	  such as RubyVM::InstructionSequence#to_a and rb_iseq_load().
+
+	  Because this method is for such internal experimental usage,
+	  the interface is not matured. For example, this interface has
+	  no extensibility. Two or more translators can not run
+	  simultaneously.
+
+	  So that we don't guarantee future compatibility of this method.
+	  Basically, do not use this method.
+
+Tue Dec  8 01:57:13 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/*: update psych to 2.0.16
+	* test/psych/*: ditto
+
+Mon Dec  7 23:45:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* string.c: introduce String#+@ and String#-@ to control
+	  String mutability.
+	  [Feature #11782]
+
+Mon Dec  7 23:39:49 2015  Ben Miller  <bjmllr@gmail.com>
+
+	* parse.y: add heredoc <<~ syntax.  [Feature #9098]
+
+Mon Dec  7 23:06:16 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* prelude.rb (IO#read_nonblock): [DOC] add missing options to
+	  call-seq.  [ruby-core:71627] [Bug #11730]
+
+Mon Dec  7 15:50:50 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* .gitignore: added cygruby*.def for Cygwin
+
+Sun Dec  6 19:52:31 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_autoload): deprecate
+	* internal.h (rb_autoload_str): declare
+	* load.c (rb_mod_autoload): use rb_autoload_str
+	* variable.c (rb_autoload): become compatibility wrapper
+	  (rb_autoload_str): hoisted out from old rb_autoload
+	  [ruby-core:71369] [Feature #11664]
+
+Sun Dec  6 18:25:22 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/webrick/test_cgi.rb (TestWEBrickCGI#test_cgi): gave up the test
+	  of binary path info test on Windows because the test had passed
+	  occasionally as the comment said.
+
+Sun Dec  6 15:25:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/console/console.c (console_getpass): add IO#getpass
+	  method.
+
+Sun Dec  6 08:39:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/json/json.gemspec: bump version to json 1.8.3. CRuby already contained
+	  upstream changes.
+
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/commit/4d059bf9f5f10f3d3088de49fc87e5555db7770d
+	  https://github.com/flori/json/commit/d4c99de78905d96c3f301f48b2c789943bb3f098
+
+	* ext/json/lib/json/version.rb: ditto.
+
+Sat Dec  5 17:48:25 2015  Lars Kanis  <lars@greiz-reinsdorf.de>
+
+	* tool/fake.rb: Fix cross build when srcdir is an absolute path.
+
+	* Makefile.in: PREP dependency is needed when cross build too, not
+	  "-r$(arch)-fake" to be  used before created.  [Fix GH-1125]
+
+Sat Dec  5 17:26:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (env_str_new, env_path_str_new): make default string
+	  UTF-8 for the case conversion is not possible.  [Bug #8822]
+
+	* hash.c (get_env_cstr): convert non-ASCII string to UTF-8 string.
+
+	* hash.c (ruby_setenv): use wide char version to put environment
+	  variable to deal with non-ASCII value.
+
+Sat Dec  5 09:56:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_CAS): old value to be swapped should be
+	  same as the destination.  immediate value may need type
+	  promotion.
+
+	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS): fix the argument order of
+	  InterlockedCompareExchange64.  new value and then old value is
+	  the last.
+
+Sat Dec  5 09:23:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_seed): fix the size to be filled, not the
+	  size of element, but the whole size of array.
+
+Sat Dec  5 06:03:54 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* vm.c (ruby_vm_verbose_ptr): make static
+	  (ruby_vm_debug_ptr): ditto
+
+Sat Dec  5 00:56:29 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (RB_OBJ_TAINT): follow-up of r52881.
+	  Turn into void expression not to use unexpected result.
+	  Fix "operands have incompatible types" error with
+	  Oracle Solaris Studio 12.x on Solaris.
+
+Fri Dec  4 19:52:52 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* enc/iso_8859_13.c: Added three missing lower/upper-case
+	  character pairs (from Kimihito Matsui)
+
+Fri Dec  4 18:57:57 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* enc/iso_8859_4.c: Added missing lower/upper-case character
+	  pair (U+014A and U+014B, LATIN CAPITAL/SMALL LETTER ENG)
+	  (from Kimihito Matsui)
+
+Fri Dec  4 16:48:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_obj_as_string): fstring should not be infected.
+	  re-apply r52872 and fix a typo.
+	  TODO: other frozen strings also may not be.
+
+Fri Dec  4 15:21:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.0+ HEAD(fdab4c4).
+	  this version includes #1396, #1397, #1398, #1399
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Fri Dec  4 11:22:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): name must be ascii-compatible, as
+	  pthread APIs do not accept legacy wide char strings.
+
+Thu Dec  3 15:39:21 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/scanf.rb: fixed double words typo.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1123] Patch by @jwworth
+
+Thu Dec  3 15:37:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_mixed_unicode_escapes.rb: fixed typo.
+	  [fix GH-1122] Patch by @davydovanton
+	* test/ruby/test_object.rb: ditto.
+	* test/socket/test_tcp.rb: ditto.
+
+Thu Dec  3 15:33:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* sprintf.c (rb_str_format): fix wrong shifting position in
+	  Rational conversion when not at the beginning of the result.
+	  [ruby-core:71806] [Bug #11766]
+
+Thu Dec  3 14:22:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* range.c (range_to_s): should be infected by the receiver.
+	  str2 infects by appending.  [ruby-core:71811] [Bug #11767]
+
+Thu Dec  3 11:57:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: separate SET_CURRENT_THREAD_NAME, which can set
+	  the name of current thread only, and SET_ANOTHER_THREAD_NAME,
+	  which can set the name of other threads.
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): use SET_ANOTHER_THREAD_NAME.  OS X
+	  is not possible to set another thread name.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (native_set_thread_name, thread_timer): use
+	  SET_CURRENT_THREAD_NAME.
+
+Wed Dec 02 22:57:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h, iseq.h: remove rb_iseq_t::variable_body.
+	  Fields in rb_iseq_t::variable_body are contained by
+	  rb_iseq_t::body::mark_ary (hidden Array object).
+
+	  Index 0 to 2 of mark_ary are reserved by these objects.
+
+	* iseq.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* compile.c (rb_iseq_original_iseq): trivial rewrite.
+
+Wed Dec  2 17:19:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ() and
+	  ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ_ALLOC() macro.
+
+	* compile.c: use them to access original iseq buffer.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_core.h: rename iseq field to support this fix.
+
+Wed Dec  2 17:10:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_FLIP_CNT_INCREMENT() macro.
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): use it.
+
+	* vm_core.h: rename flip_cnt field to support this fix.
+
+Wed Dec  2 17:05:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_COVERAGE() and ISEQ_COVERAGE_SET() macro.
+
+	* compile.c: use them.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_coverage): added.
+
+	* thread.c (update_coverage): use rb_iseq_coverage().
+
+	* vm_core.h: rename coverage field name to support this fix.
+
+Wed Dec  2 17:00:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* encoding.c (enc_name, rb_enc_name_list_i, rb_enc_aliases_enc_i):
+	  make fstring instead of making each copies.
+
+Wed Dec  2 16:32:08 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.h: introduce ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA() macro.
+
+	* compile.c, iseq.c: use ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA().
+
+	* vm_core.h: rename compile_data field to support this fix.
+
+Wed Dec  2 16:27:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* encoding.c (enc_m_loader): defer finding encoding object not to
+	  be infected by marshal source.  [ruby-core:71793] [Bug #11760]
+
+	* marshal.c (r_object0): enable compatible loader on USERDEF
+	  class.  the loader function is called with the class itself,
+	  instead of an allocated object, and the loaded data.
+
+	* marshal.c (compat_allocator_table): initialize
+	  compat_allocator_tbl on demand.
+
+	* object.c (rb_undefined_alloc): extract from rb_obj_alloc.
+
+Wed Dec  2 15:12:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: Fixed double negative comments.
+	  [Bug #11698][ruby-core:71506]
+
+Wed Dec  2 14:55:01 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: removed non executing tests.
+	  [Misc #11757][ruby-dev:49397]
+
+Wed Dec  2 11:23:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/csv.rb: enable frozen_string_literal.
+	  [fix GH-1116] Patch by @marshall-lee
+
+Wed Dec  2 10:36:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c: Fix double word typo.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1120] Patch by @jwworth
+
+Wed Dec  2 07:43:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (mSSLExtConfig): make static
+	  (eSSLError): ditto
+	  (ID_callback_state): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_ex_vcb_idx): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_ex_store_p): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_ex_ptr_idx): ditto
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.h: remove extern declarations for
+	  mSSLExtConfig and eSSLError
+
+Wed Dec  2 07:41:08 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* missing/explicit_bzero.c (explicit_bzero): fixup r52839
+	  for compilers with "weak" attribute
+
+Wed Dec  2 06:47:25 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: add ruby_explicit_bzero_hook_unused
+	  for preventing optimization. Inspired from OpenBSD.
+
+Tue Dec  1 23:36:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): allow to reset thread name.
+
+Tue Dec  1 23:14:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): check the argument if valid
+	  string.  [ruby-core:71774] [Bug #11756]
+
+Tue Dec  1 17:13:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_string_value_cstr): should not raise on frozen
+	  string.
+
+Tue Dec  1 09:35:29 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: add a few comment.
+
+Tue Dec  1 09:31:19 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: add disabling optimization on gcc.
+
+Tue Dec  1 07:50:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* missing/explicit_bzero.c: new file. define explicit_bzero.
+	  Fixup r52806
+
+Thu Oct 22 12:54:43 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (register_ubf_list): renamed from
+	  add_signal_thread_list.
+	* thread_pthread.c (unregister_ubf_list): renamed
+	  from remove_signal_thread_list.
+	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_wakeup_all_threads): renamed from
+	  ping_signal_thread_list.
+	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_wakeup_thread): renamed from
+	  ubf_select_each.
+	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_threads_empty): renamed from
+	  check_signal_thread_list().
+	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_list_lock): renamed from
+	  signal_thread_list_lock.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (register_ubf_list): large simplification
+	  by using ccan/list.h.
+	  bonus: removed malloc() and exit(EXIT_FAILURE).
+	* thread_pthread.c (unregister_ubf_list): ditto.
+	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_threads_empty): ditto.
+	* thread_pthread.c (ubf_wakeup_all_threads): ditto.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (print_signal_list): removed.
+
+Thu Oct 22 08:03:49 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_rand.rb (TestRand#test_default_seed): add
+	  srand case.
+
+Thu Oct 22 06:33:38 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (InitVM_Random): move Random::DEFAULT initialization
+	  bits to Init_Random_default.
+	* random.c (Init_Random_default): renamed from Init_RandomSeed2.
+	* random.c (Init_RandomSeedCore): renamed from Init_RandomSeed.
+
+Thu Oct 22 06:20:48 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (Init_RandomSeed): move all Random::DEFAULT
+	  construction bits to Init_RandomSeed2. Random::DEFAULT
+	  and Ruby internal hashes are no longer shared their seed.
+	* random.c (Init_RandomSeed2): ditto. And, kill evil
+	  rb_obj_reveal() stuff.
+
+	* random.c (init_hashseed): add MT argument.
+	* random.c: (init_siphash): ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_rand.rb (TestRand#test_default_seed): new
+	  test for Random::DEFAULT::seed.
+
+Thu Oct 22 05:23:48 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (init_hashseed, init_siphash): extract initialize
+	  functions.
+
+Thu Oct 22 01:01:34 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: sort AC_CHECK_HEADERS() by alphabetical order.
+
+Thu Oct 22 00:19:07 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (init_randomseed): remove "initial" argument. It never
+	  be used from outside of this function.
+
+Thu Oct 22 00:12:33 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/securerandom.rb (SecureRandom::gen_random): use /dev/urandom
+	  for initialize OpenSSL's rand.
+
+Wed Oct 21 12:10:04 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_rand.c (ossl_rand_bytes): RAND_bytes could
+	  be return -1 as an error. Therefore, added error handling.
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c (dsa_generate): ditto.
+
+Wed Oct 21 09:04:09 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* include/ruby/util.h: remove a warning suppression C4723
+	  (potential divide by zero) for VisualC++. It's meaningless.
+	  Before r26197, there is ruby_div0() in this place and it
+	  actually made divide by zero. But now it's just garbage.
+
+Wed Oct 21 08:23:36 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c: random_raw_seed don't use GRND_NONBLOCK. GRND_NONBLOCK
+	  mean the result might not have an enough cryptic strength and
+	  easy predictable. That's no good for SecureRandom.
+
+Sun Oct 18 17:26:53 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* common.mk: add a rule for explicit_bzero.o.
+	* configure.in: detect explicit_bzero and memset_s.
+	* include/ruby/missing.h: add explicit_bzero.
+	* random.c (init_randomseed): use explicit_bzero() instead of
+	  memset(). memset could be eliminated by compiler optimization.
+
+Mon Nov 30 18:46:44 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/readline/extconf.rb: call dir_config("libedit")
+	  if --enable-libedit is specified. [Bug #11751]
+	  patched by John Hein
+
+Mon Nov 30 08:44:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c: remove spurious #define for globals
+	  [ruby-core:71735] [Feature #11749]
+
+Sun Nov 29 09:13:03 2015  Conor Landry  <clandry94@gmail.com>
+
+	* NEWS: [DOC] Various grammar corrections and clarifications to
+	  increase readability.  [Fix GH-1115]
+
+Sat Nov 28 19:33:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_here_document): store dispatched result of
+	  on_tstring_content at the last fragment of a here document.
+
+Fri Nov 27 19:19:44 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb (connect): detect closed connection and reconnect
+	  If the server closes a keep-alive http connection, the client socket
+	  reaches EOF. To avoid an EOFError, detect the closed connection and
+	  reconnect.
+	  Added test to ensure HTTP#post succeeds even if the
+	  keep-alive-connection has been closed by the server.
+	  by Kristian Hanekamp <kris.hanekamp@gmail.com>
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1089 fix GH-1089
+
+Thu Nov 26 21:36:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): enable tail call
+	  optimization for specialized indexers.
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): blockiseq should be NULL, but not
+	  Qnil.
+
+Thu Nov 26 17:22:53 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* regcomp.c, regenc.c, regexec.c, regint.h, enc/unicode.c:
+	  Merge Onigmo 58fa099ed1a34367de67fb3d06dd48d076839692
+	  + https://github.com/k-takata/Onigmo/pull/52
+
+Thu Nov 26 09:50:02 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/coverage/test_coverage.rb: Added test-case for Coverage.restart.
+	  [Misc #11732][ruby-dev:49379]
+
+Thu Nov 26 09:46:36 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/coverage/test_coverage.rb: Added test-case for Coverage.peek_result
+	  without Coverage.start. [Misc #11726][ruby-core:71622]
+
+Thu Nov 26 07:22:55 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (test_copy_stream): new test
+
+Wed Nov 25 21:23:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (copy_stream_body): try to_io conversion before read,
+	  readpartial, and write methods.  [ruby-dev:49008] [Bug #11199]
+
+Wed Nov 25 10:55:21 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (argf_getpartial): should not resize str if the second
+	  argument is not given.
+	  [ruby-core:71668] [Bug #11738]
+
+Tue Nov 24 23:56:25 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: On Solaris, it is safe to define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE
+	  when _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 is defined (= when 32-bit compile).
+
+Tue Nov 24 10:00:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/installer.rb: Fix two double-word typos.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1108] Patch by @jwworth
+
+Tue Nov 24 09:17:02 2015  Alexander von Gluck IV  <kallisti5@unixzen.com>
+
+	* beos: Drop support for BeOS now that Haiku is stable.
+	  [Fix GH-1112]
+
+Tue Nov 24 09:16:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* internal.h (rb_gc_for_fd): move to export, as referred by
+	  ext/socket.
+
+Tue Nov 24 09:04:29 2015  David Rodriguez  <deivid.rodriguez@gmail.com>
+
+	* file.c: [DOC] add a missing period to File docs, to terminate
+	  the sentence and separate from the next sentence.  [Fix GH-1111]
+
+Tue Nov 24 08:30:06 2015  JuanitoFatas  <katehuang0320@gmail.com>
+
+	* NEWS: Fix the issue number of `Struct#dig`, which should be
+	  [Feature #11688].  [Fix GH-1110]
+
+Tue Nov 24 07:56:54 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept): handle ENOMEM
+
+Tue Nov 24 07:50:15 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* dir.c (dir_initialize): use rb_gc_for_fd for ENOMEM
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_socket): ditto
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (rsock_socketpair): ditto
+	* internal.h (rb_gc_for_fd): prototype
+	* io.c (rb_gc_for_fd): remove static
+	  [ruby-core:71623] [Feature #11727]
+
+Tue Nov 24 06:46:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_gc_for_fd): new helper function
+	  (ruby_dup): use rb_gc_for_fd
+	  (rb_sysopen): ditto
+	  (rb_fdopen): ditto
+	  (rb_pipe): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:71623] [Feature #11727]
+
+Tue Nov 24 05:13:35 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/function.c (struct nogvl_ffi_call_args):
+	  new struct for GVL release
+	  (nogvl_ffi_call): new function
+	  (function_call): adjust for GVL release
+	  [ruby-core:71642] [Feature #11607]
+	* ext/fiddle/closure.c (struct callback_args):
+	  new struct for GVL acquire
+	  (with_gvl_callback): adjusted original callback function
+	  (callback): wrapper for conditional GVL acquire
+	* ext/fiddle/depend: add dependencies
+	* ext/fiddle/extconf.rb: include top_srcdir for internal.h
+	* internal.h (ruby_thread_has_gvl_p): expose for fiddle
+	* vm_core.h (ruby_thread_has_gvl_p): moved to internal.h
+	* test/fiddle/test_function.rb (test_nogvl_poll): new test
+
+Mon Nov 23 19:53:12 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: On Solaris, with gcc, "-std=iso9899:1999"
+	  in $ansi_options is often also needed in CPPFLAGS,
+	  because some feature definitions vary depending on such
+	  standards options.
+
+Mon Nov 23 12:54:39 2015  Hamish Morrison  <hamishm53@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: remove obsolete workarounds for Haiku.
+
+	* dln.c, file.c, io.c: remove obsolete Haiku workarounds.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c: add stack bounds detection for Haiku.
+
+	* signal.c: get stack pointer from signal context on Haiku.
+	  [ruby-core:67923] [Bug #10811] [Fix GH-1109]
+
+Mon Nov 23 11:44:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: bump version to minitest-5.8.3
+
+Mon Nov 23 08:55:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: fix wrong reference for r52714
+
+Sun Nov 22 22:23:37 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): fix compile errors when USE_RGENGC
+	  is 0.
+
+Sun Nov 22 21:58:09 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/cmath.rb: methods which has suffix '!' are now deprecated.
+	  Re-apply r52469 made by Kazuki Tanaka, with fixing bug about
+	  mathn.rb compatibility. [ruby-core:68528] [Feature #10974]
+
+Sun Nov 22 19:36:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl.c: fix brew command for installation of openssl.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1107] Patch by @arthurnn
+
+Sun Nov 22 17:59:50 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: On Solaris, add -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=n only when both
+	  AC_TRY_CPP and AC_TRY_COMPILE pass, because some options
+	  (e.g. -std=iso9899:1999) are not set when running C preprocessor
+	  or building ext.
+
+Sun Nov 22 16:53:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): remove unreachable code
+	  chunk after jump/leave.
+
+	* parse.y: move dead code elimination of logical operation to
+	  compile.c.  not to warn logical operation of literal constants.
+
+Sun Nov 22 16:37:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): eliminate always/never
+	  branches after a literal object and when the value is used after
+	  the branch.
+
+Sun Nov 22 01:23:43 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: Add -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 (or 600 or 700) on Solaris
+	  if available, mainly for enabling some features in sockets.
+
+Sun Nov 22 00:17:22 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/socket/test_socket.rb (test/socket/test_socket.rb): skip
+	  the test when Socket::SO_TIMESTAMP is not defined. Fix error
+	  on Solaris 10. [Bug #11728] [ruby-dev:49377]
+
+Sat Nov 21 18:57:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby.c (need_argument): move frozen-string-literal-debug option
+	  from --enable to --debug.  [Feature #11725]
+
+	* ruby.c (proc_options): fix pointer overrun. do not advance argv
+	  until it is valid.
+
+Sat Nov 21 13:59:09 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/digest/sha1/extconf.rb: OpenSSL's struct name for SHA1 is
+	  SHA_CTX. http://openssl.org/docs/man0.9.8/crypto/SHA1.html
+
+Sat Nov 21 13:31:52 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/digest/*/*.[ch]: include ruby.h before digest.h to avoid
+	  including ext/digest/extconf.h. [Bug #3231]
+	  https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/36k2cdd4.aspx
+
+	* ext/digest/*/extconf.rb: remove ext/digest from include search path
+	  to avoid confusion of cl.exe.
+
+	* ext/digest/*/*.[ch]: explicitly specify def.h's path.
+
+Sat Nov 21 13:05:16 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl.h: LibreSSL doesn't have and need e_os2.h.
+
+Sat Nov 21 09:18:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* thread_sync.c: reduce the specification of Queue#close.
+	  * Queue#close accepts no arguments.
+	  * deq'ing on closed queue returns nil, always.
+	  [Feature #10600]
+
+	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: catch up this fix.
+
+Sat Nov 21 08:44:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): add debug information to NODE_STR
+	  strings as default.
+	  [Feature #11725]
+
+	* insns.def (freezestring): add new instruction to support adding
+	  debug information for dynamically constructed strings.
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): support adding debug information
+	  for NODE_DSTR with freezestring instruction.
+
+	* error.c (rb_error_frozen): change the debug information ID name
+	  id_debug_created_info and this field should have a 2 element array
+	  containing path and line information.
+
+	* defs/id.def: ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: catch up this fix.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_iseq.rb: now frozen strings are not same.
+
+Sat Nov 21 04:34:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* symbol.c (rb_str_intern): should not freeze the receiver itself
+	  unexpectedly.  [ruby-core:71611] [Bug #11721]
+
+Fri Nov 20 23:15:18 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/logger.rb: expose logger mutex
+	  [fix GH-541] Patch by @arthurnn
+
+Fri Nov 20 15:05:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Added missing reference of GitHub
+
+Fri Nov 20 14:57:01 2015  Trevor Rowe  <trevorrowe@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb: Fixed regression for Net::HTTP::PUT with "Expect-100"
+	  header. [fix GH-949]
+	* test/net/http/test_http.rb: added test.
+
+Fri Nov 20 14:39:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb: set hostname before call ossl_ssl_set_session.
+	  [Bug #11401][ruby-core:70152][fix GH-964] Patch by @mkarnebeek
+
+Fri Nov 20 12:53:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c: clarify docs for take_while/drop_while samples.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1028] Patch by @leriksen
+
+Fri Nov 20 12:48:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/socket.c: remove mention of :UNIX in getaddrinfo().
+	  It's typically not a support option.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-990] Patch by @eam
+
+Fri Nov 20 12:44:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rss/syndication.rb: Add nodoc marker for #validate_sy_updatePeriod.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1105] Patch by @davydovanton
+
+Fri Nov 20 09:05:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (rb_vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref): added.
+
+	  CREFs should not be shared by methods between `using'.
+	  [Bug #11247]
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref): ditto.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_dup): should copy refinements correctly.
+
+	* eval.c: use rb_vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref().
+
+	* eval_intern.h: add a decl. of
+	  rb_vm_cref_replace_with_duplicated_cref().
+
+	* vm_eval.c (eval_string_with_cref): do not need to pass
+	  scope's CREF because VM can find out CREF from stack frames.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: add a test.
+
+Fri Nov 20 06:52:53 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* .gitattributes: new file for git users
+	  [ruby-core:71578] [Feature #11713]
+
+Thu Nov 19 22:35:31 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c: Check buffer full and ignore MSG_TRUNC flag.
+	  buffer fullness is more robust to detect the message is too big for
+	  the buffer.
+	  AIX 7.1 recvmsg doesn't set MSG_TRUNC for rflags when MSG_PEEK is
+	  given.
+
+Thu Nov 19 21:55:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_start): force to invoke GC by GC.start
+	  even if it is GC.disable'd.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_gc.rb: add a test.
+
+Thu Nov 19 20:08:59 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: trivial performance improvements.
+
+	    name    modified
+	    vm1_gc_short_lived*                1.015
+	    vm1_gc_short_with_complex_long*    1.014
+	    vm1_gc_short_with_long*            1.000
+	    vm1_gc_short_with_symbol*          1.016
+	    vm1_gc_wb_ary*                     1.002
+	    vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted*            0.996
+	    vm1_gc_wb_obj*                     1.045
+	    vm1_gc_wb_obj_promoted*            1.014
+	    vm3_gc                             1.021
+
+	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational): reorder parameters to optimize
+	  register passing function call.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_incremental): ditto.
+
+	* gc.c (rb_gc_writebarrier): remove LIKELY().
+	  LIKELY() seems to move related functions not better places.
+
+Thu Nov 19 19:45:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby.c (ruby_prog_init): [DOC] ARGV does not contain the name of
+	  the executable.  [ruby-core:71561] [Bug #11711]
+
+Thu Nov 19 15:53:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* signal.c: should also clear ruby_disable_gc.
+	  [Bug #11692]
+
+Thu Nov 19 15:31:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): T_IMEMO/iseq objects should be
+	  wrap with ISeq wrappers. [Bug #11676]
+
+Thu Nov 19 15:16:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.0+ HEAD(c6b4946).
+	  this version includes #1114, #1314, #1322, #1375, #1383, #1387
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Thu Nov 19 14:14:37 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (finish_overlapped_socket): return value of this
+	  function should be only 0 or SOCKET_ERROR.
+
+Thu Nov 19 14:12:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_tailcall_optimize): apply tail call optimization
+	  before conversion to specialized instructions.  when looking
+	  back from `leave` instruction, `send` instructions have been
+	  translated already.
+
+Thu Nov 19 13:57:58 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (finish_overlapped_socket): ignore EMSGSIZE when input,
+	  because POSIX platforms just do so.  fixes test errors revealed by
+	  r52647.
+
+Thu Nov 19 02:52:30 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): stretch the buffer size
+	  only when vmaxdatlen is nil.
+
+Thu Nov 19 02:20:11 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/socket/test_socket.rb (test_udp_recvmsg_truncation): rflags is
+	  nil on Solaris 10 which have no HAVE_STRUCT_MSGHDR_MSG_CONTROL.
+	  Reported by Naohisa Goto. [ruby-core:71557] [Bug #11709]
+
+Thu Nov 19 01:48:05 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: add -static-libgcc for mingw automatically if available.
+
+Thu Nov 19 00:53:26 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/extmk.rb (--extflags): new option to pass EXTLDFLAGS to children,
+	  especially exts.mk.
+
+	* common.mk (EXTMK_ARGS): use above option.
+
+Wed Nov 18 22:50:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_class_clear_method_cache): should clear all
+	  RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBLs of all sub-classes (T_ICLASS).
+
+	  RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL() caches complemented method entries.
+	  It should be cleared when the modules are cleared.
+	  On previous version clears only for direct children.
+	  It is enough for normal modules because corresponding T_ICLASSes
+	  are direct children.
+
+	  However, refinements create complex data structure. So that
+	  we need to clear all children (and descendants).
+	  [ruby-core:71423] [Bug #11672]
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_clear_method_cache_by_class): rb_mKernel
+	  doesn't call rb_class_clear_method_cache, so that
+	  clear child T_ICLASSes.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: enable disabled test.
+
+Wed Nov 18 21:09:08 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (prepare_callable_method_entry): use
+	  RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL() instead of accessing a filed directly.
+
+Wed Nov 18 17:08:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: introduce the following field and macros.
+
+	  * rb_method_definition_t::complemented_count to count shared method
+	    entries because of complemented method entries and separate from
+	    alias_count.
+
+	    Shared `def' only by complemented method entries should not prevent
+	    method re-definition warning.
+
+	  * METHOD_ENTRY_COMPLEMENTED(me) to represent complemented method entry.
+	  * METHOD_ENTRY_COMPLEMENTED_SET(me) to check it as  complemented me.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (aliased_callable_method_entry): should also
+	  check me->def->complemented_count.
+
+	* vm_method.c (method_definition_addref_complement): add to count
+	  complemented method entries number.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_release): release `def' iff
+	  alias_count == 0 and complemented_count == 0.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: add a test.
+
+Wed Nov 18 17:06:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): fix trivial issues.
+
+	  * support SPECIAL_CONSTs.
+	  * fix IMEMO/ment outputs.
+
+Wed Nov 18 11:32:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): eliminate always/never
+	  branches after a literal object.  this sequence typically
+	  appears by defined? operator for a method call on a local
+	  variable.
+
+Wed Nov 18 10:33:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): stretch the buffer size
+	  when EMSGSIZE occurs on non HAVE_STRUCT_MSGHDR_MSG_CONTROL platforms
+	  (such as, Windows).  fixes a test error revealed by r52625.
+
+Wed Nov 18 10:12:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): use 4096 as
+	  default size to match pre-r52610, which also maps to a common
+	  page size.
+
+Wed Nov 18 10:05:25 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc: update documentation to reflect
+	  recent changes.
+	  [ci skip] [ruby-core:71466] [Misc #11681] Patch by James Adam
+
+Wed Nov 18 09:50:21 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/logger/test_logdevice.rb: Fix tests of logger to make it work on
+	  windows (windows can not remove opened file) [Bug #11702]
+
+Wed Nov 18 06:59:52 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): grow buffer
+	  on unspecified maxdatlen
+	  [ruby-core:71517] [Bug #11701]
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#recvmsg): nil default for dlen
+	  (Socket#recvmsg_nonblock): ditto
+	* test/socket/test_socket.rb (test_recvmsg_udp_no_arg): new test
+
+Tue Nov 17 19:50:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (fstat): declare for mingw.
+
+Tue Nov 17 19:02:59 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (BASERUBY): use Kernel#print instead of Kernel#p because
+	  the baseruby may output CRLF as end of line.
+
+Tue Nov 17 15:34:34 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+	* NEWS: Added update from Unicode 7.0.0 to 8.0.0 [ci skip]
+
+Tue Nov 17 15:30:30 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+	* enc/unicode/casefold.h, name2ctype.h: Change Unicode
+	  Version for regular expressions from 7.0.0 to
+	  8.0.0 (with help from Kimihito Matsui) [Feature #11563]
+
+Tue Nov 17 14:36:00 2015  Kenichi Kamiya  <kachick1@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/ostruct.rb (dig): Implement OpenStruct#dig
+	  [Feature #11688]
+
+Tue Nov 17 14:04:14 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#recvmsg{,_nonblock}): default values
+	  of clen must be nil.
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): handle nil of clen.
+	  fixes test errors introduced at r52602.
+
+Tue Nov 17 13:43:46 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb: UNIXSocket is not always exists.  fixes
+	  install error on Windows, introduced at r52601.
+
+Tue Nov 17 11:27:23 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#recvfrom_nonblock):
+	  UDPSocket#recvfrom_nonblock):
+	  update doc for `exception: false` and destination buffer
+	  [ruby-core:69542] [Feature #11229]
+	  [ruby-core:69543] [Feature #11242]
+
+Tue Nov 17 11:25:05 2015  Eric Turner  <ericturnerdev@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_dig), hash.c (rb_hash_dig): [DOC] Update
+	  comments describing dig methods.  [Fix GH-1103]
+
+	* struct.c (rb_struct_dig): [DOC] add rdoc.
+
+Tue Nov 17 11:22:22 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+	* NEWS: Small grammatical fix [ci skip]
+
+Tue Nov 17 10:12:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket.accept_loop): avoid exceptions
+	  (Socket.udp_server_recv): ditto
+
+Tue Nov 17 09:59:00 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): avoid arg parsing
+	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
+	  (rsock_bsock_sendmsg): make private, adjust for above
+	  (rsock_bsock_sendmsg_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototypes
+	  (rsock_opt_false_p): remove
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (rsock_init_basicsocket):
+	  define private methods
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (BasicSocket#sendmsg): new wrapper
+	  (BasicSocket#sendmsg_nonblock): ditto
+
+Tue Nov 17 09:45:18 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): avoid arg parsing
+	  (rsock_bsock_recvmsg): adjust for above change
+	  (rsock_bsock_recvmsg_nonblock): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototypes for above
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (rsock_init_basicsocket):
+	  adjust private methods
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (BasicSocket#recvmsg): wrapper method
+	  (BasicSocket#recvmsg_nonblock): ditto
+
+Tue Nov 17 08:36:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock): avoid parsing args
+	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototype
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_accept_nonblock): make private
+	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c (tcp_accept_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/unixserver.c (unix_accept_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#accept_nonblock):
+	  implement as wrapper, move RDoc
+	  (TCPServer#accept_nonblock): ditto
+	  (UNIXServer#accept_nonblock): ditto
+
+Tue Nov 17 08:25:57 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock):
+	  avoid argument parsing in C.
+	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (Socket#connect_nonblock):
+	  new wrapper for private method, move RDoc
+
+Tue Nov 17 08:16:09 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock):
+	  avoid arg parsing with C API
+	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (bsock_recv_nonblock):
+	  adjust for above change, make private
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (BasicSocket#recv_nonblock):
+	  new wrapper for private method, move RDoc
+	  (Socket#recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+	  (UDPSocket#recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+
+Mon Nov 16 21:27:54 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/dtrace/helper.rb (Dtrace::TestCase#trap_probe): dtrace buffer
+	  size is set as 8m on Solaris (default 4m). [Bug #11697]
+
+Mon Nov 16 20:03:14 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/logger.rb: Add Logger#reopen
+
+Mon Nov 16 18:21:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): dig in nested structs too.
+
+	* struct.c (rb_struct_dig): new method Struct#dig.
+	  [Feature #11688]
+
+Mon Nov 16 17:41:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): optimize tail calls on aref
+	  and aset specialized instructions.
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): optimize replaced leave
+	  instruction copied to jump instruction too.
+
+Mon Nov 16 16:39:38 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* lib/set.rb: Enable frozen_string_literal.
+
+	* lib/set.rb: Move << out of the begin block that ensures pop.
+
+Mon Nov 16 16:28:30 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* lib/set.rb (Hash#flatten!, #add?, #delete?, #collect!, #reject!,
+	  #select!, #^, #classify): Micro-optimize some methods for
+	  performance and readability.
+
+Mon Nov 16 16:17:58 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: fixed accidentally commit.
+
+Mon Nov 16 16:10:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* mkconfig.rb: Add some high-level documentation.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1081] Patch by @ulfalizer
+
+Mon Nov 16 15:59:14 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* proc.c: Add call-seq of `Method#super_method`
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1094]
+
+Mon Nov 16 15:58:39 2015  Kenichi Kamiya  <kachick1@gmail.com>
+
+	* struct.c: Standardize a method signature of Struct#[]=.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1095]
+
+Mon Nov 16 15:42:36 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* lib/set.rb (#>=, #>, #<=, #<): Make use of Hash#>=, #>, #<, and
+	  #<= when comparing against an instance of the same kind.
+
+Mon Nov 16 15:37:11 2015  Naotoshi Seo  <sonots@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/logger.rb: Support symbol and string log level setting
+
+Mon Nov 16 15:33:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb: fix wrong permission for gem specification without
+	  zlib runtime. [Bug #11685][ruby-dev:49343]
+
+Mon Nov 16 12:11:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/httpauth/basicauth.rb: fix a typo.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1099] Patch by @jwworth
+	* lib/webrick/httpauth/digestauth.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun Nov 15 18:28:43 2015  Kenichi Kamiya  <kachick1@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm_method.c (set_method_visibility): should fail if the receiver
+	  is frozen.  [ruby-core:71489] [Bug #11687]
+
+Sat Nov 14 22:15:07 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sat Nov 14 21:44:56 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/time.rb: Use "<<" to reduce string allocation.
+
+Sat Nov 14 17:45:49 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/tsort.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sat Nov 14 17:25:15 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv-replace.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sat Nov 14 17:00:13 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/time.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sat Nov 14 16:43:02 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/open3.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sat Nov 14 05:04:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* node.h: remove old comments.
+
+Sat Nov 14 04:55:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* refactoring CREF related code.
+
+	* eval_intern.h: remove unused setter functions.
+	  CREF_CLASS_SET()
+	  CREF_NEXT_SET()
+	  CREF_SCOPE_VISI_COPY()
+
+	* eval_intern.h: rename flags:
+	  * NODE_FL_CREF_PUSHED_BY_EVAL_ -> CREF_FL_PUSHED_BY_EVAL
+	  * NODE_FL_CREF_OMOD_SHARED_ -> CREF_FL_OMOD_SHARED
+	  and use IMEMO_FL_USER1/2.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_new): accept push_by_eval parameter.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_new_use_prev): added for rb_vm_rewrite_cref().
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_cref_push): accept pushed_by_eval parameter.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h: remove unused macros:
+	  COPY_CREF_OMOD() and COPY_CREF().
+
+	* vm_eval.c, insns.def: catch up this fix.
+
+Sat Nov 14 02:58:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_define_method): refactoring.
+	  * get CREF in this function.
+	  * cbase is no longer needed (CREF_CLASS(cref) is enough).
+
+	* compile.c: RubyVM::FrozenCore.define_method only accept 2 args.
+
+Sat Nov 14 02:34:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_define_method): do not use current CREF immediately,
+	  but check CREF in environment or methods. Methods defined in methods
+	  should be public.
+	  [Bug #11571]
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_scope_module_func_check): check CREF in env or me.
+	  if CREF is contained by `me', then return FALSE.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test.
+
+Sat Nov 14 02:19:16 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: constify rb_cref_t::scope_visi;
+
+	* eval_intern.h (CREF_SCOPE_VISI_COPY): catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Sat Nov 14 01:53:52 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* pack.c (pack_unpack, AVOID_CC_BUG): Very ugly workaround for
+	  optimization bug of Oracle Solaris Studio 12.4 on Solaris
+	  with -xO4 optimization option. [Bug #11684]
+
+Fri Nov 13 23:00:23 2015  Hiroshi Shirosaki  <h.shirosaki@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: unset LD_PRELOAD on mingw. msys2 child processes
+	  crash at make test-all with LD_PRELOAD.
+	  [ruby-core:71461] [Bug #11680]
+
+Fri Nov 13 14:00:43 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c: Merge ruby/openssl@b9ea8ef [Bug #10735]
+
+Fri Nov 13 13:09:16 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: Merge ruby/openssl@81e1a30
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: ditto
+
+Fri Nov 13 13:05:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* prelude.rb (Thread.exclusive): warn as deprecated.
+
+Fri Nov 13 10:36:39 2015  Victor Nawothnig  <Victor.Nawothnig@gmail.com>
+
+	* parse.y (new_unless): optimize constant condition for `unless`
+	  as well as `if`.  [Fix GH-1092]
+
+Fri Nov 13 10:08:41 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: bump version to 2.0.15
+
+Thu Nov 12 18:44:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_magic_comment): should match exactly.
+	  [ruby-core:71460] [Bug #11679]
+
+Thu Nov 12 16:16:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* template/prelude.c.tmpl: enable tail call optimization.
+
+Thu Nov 12 14:17:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_yylex): ANDDOT at the head of the line denote
+	  line continuation from previous one to support fluent interface,
+	  as well as single dot.
+
+Thu Nov 12 13:49:50 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.5.0+ HEAD(db78980).
+	  this version includes #1367 , #1373 , #1375
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Thu Nov 12 10:53:41 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_io_nonblock_noex2.rb: new benchmark based
+	  on bm_io_nonblock_noex.rb
+	* io.c (io_read_nonblock): move documentation to prelude.rb
+	  (io_write_nonblock): ditto
+	  (Init_io): private, internal methods for prelude.rb use only
+	* prelude.rb (IO#read_nonblock): wrapper + documentation
+	  (IO#write_nonblock): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:71439] [Feature #11339]
+
+Wed Nov 11 18:30:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* sprintf.c (rb_str_format): look up the key, then get default
+	  value and raise KeyError if the returned value is nil.
+	  [ruby-dev:49338] [Ruby trunk - Bug #11677]
+
+Wed Nov 11 17:38:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (local_var_list_add): skip internal local variable
+	  name by its type but not if it has a name.  internal local
+	  variable names are just unique per frame, not globally.
+	  [ruby-core:71437] [Bug #11674]
+
+Wed Nov 11 14:14:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* transcode.c: fix a typo
+	[ci skip][fix GH-1091] Patch by @jwworth
+
+Wed Nov 11 11:58:38 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (initialize): Connections are in passive mode per
+	  default now.  The default mode can be changed by
+	  Net::FTP.default_passive=.
+	  [ruby-core:71146] [Feature #11612]
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (default_passive=, default_passive): new methods.
+
+Wed Nov 11 09:03:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* sprintf.c (rb_str_format): respect default value of a hash.  no
+	  longer raises KeyError unless the default value of the hash is
+	  nil.  [ruby-core:71354] [Bug #11661]
+
+Tue Nov 10 20:35:12 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/open-uri.rb: Remove indicator for "frozen_string_literal: true".
+
+	* lib/pp.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/securerandom.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/tmpdir.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_buffered_socket.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_mlsx_entry.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/open-uri/test_open-uri.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/open-uri/test_ssl.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/pathname/test_pathname.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/test_pp.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/test_prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* tool/transcode-tblgen.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb: Ditto.
+
+Tue Nov 10 18:42:24 2015  Aleksandrs Ledovskis  <aleksandrs@ledovskis.lv>
+
+	* defs/id.def, parse.y: Switch internal token name to reflect
+	  current form of safe-call operator.  [Fix GH-1090]
+
+Tue Nov 10 18:25:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_to_proc): use rb_func_proc_new to make light
+	  weight proc.  [Feature #11653]
+
+Tue Nov 10 18:23:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (cfunc_proc_t): add room for me.
+
+	* proc.c (cfunc_proc_new): generalise for cfunc proc without env.
+
+	* proc.c (rb_func_proc_new, rb_func_lambda_new): new functions to
+	  make proc/lambda without env from cfunc.
+
+Tue Nov 10 17:32:35 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* bootstraptest/test_fork.rb ([ruby-dev:37934]): :NPROC (RLIMIT_NPROC)
+	  is not supported on some platforms (e.g. Solaris 10).
+
+Tue Nov 10 16:57:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_to_proc): new method Hash#to_proc.
+	  [Feature #11653]
+
+Tue Nov 10 14:34:09 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* time.c (rb_time_timespec_new): swap utc and localtime
+	  to generate gmt flag by INT_MAX - gmtoff.
+
+Tue Nov 10 14:01:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_{le,lt,ge,gt}): new methods, Hash#<=, Hash#<,
+	  Hash#>=, Hash#>, to test if all elements of a hash are also
+	  included in another hash, and vice versa.
+	  [ruby-core:68561] [Feature #10984]
+
+Tue Nov 10 11:25:29 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* time.c (rb_timespec_now): added.  [Feature #11558]
+
+	* time.c (rb_time_timespec_new): added.  [Feature #11558]
+
+Tue Nov 10 06:17:17 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (rb_autoload_load): allow recursive calls
+	  [ruby-core:71345] [Bug #11658]
+	* test/ruby/test_autoload.rb (test_autoload_while_autoloading):
+	  new test by: Hiroshi Shirosaki <h.shirosaki@gmail.com>
+	  [ruby-core:71390]
+
+Tue Nov 10 00:36:46 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Message::MessageEncoder#put_labels):
+	  Prevent overflow of pointer to labels.
+	  Patch by Hannes Georg.  [ruby-core:71248] [Bug #11632]
+
+Tue Nov 10 00:25:41 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: update to power_assert 0.2.6.
+
+Mon Nov  9 21:48:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_check_funcall_default): split from
+	  rb_check_funcall to return the given fallback value.
+
+	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): use rb_check_funcall_default so that tail
+	  call optimization will be possible.  [Feature #11643]
+
+Mon Nov  9 21:27:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_dig): new method Array#dig.
+
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_dig): new method Hash#dig.
+
+	* object.c (rb_obj_dig): dig in nested arrays/hashes.
+	  [Feature #11643]
+
+Mon Nov  9 18:00:47 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0.beta3
+
+Mon Nov  9 17:38:14 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/runner.rb: use official repository for coverage tool.
+	* Makefile.in: ditto.
+	* common.mk: ditto.
+	* .gitignore: ignored third party repositories.
+
+Mon Nov  9 17:29:09 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): Dynamic string literals should be
+	  frozen.
+	  [ruby-core:57574] [Feature #8976]
+
+Mon Nov  9 15:56:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk: Use ruby organization url for simplecov repository.
+
+Sun Nov  8 16:24:09 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* NEWS: describe addition of File::TMPFILE
+
+Sun Nov  8 15:19:17 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* file.c: Add O_TMPFILE.
+
+Sun Nov  8 14:24:43 2015  windwiny  <windwiny.ubt@gmail.com>
+
+	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_{VISI,BASIC,FLAGS}_SET): suppress
+	  shift-op-parentheses warnings.  [Fix GH-1082]
+
+Sun Nov  8 14:01:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/psych_emitter.c: backport 5bd7744 from tenderlove/psych.
+	  support backward compatibility of Ruby 2.0
+
+Sun Nov  8 10:55:10 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_gets_m): Update IO#gets doc for characters more than
+	  1 byte.  [Fix GH-1085]
+
+Sun Nov  8 10:37:58 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/uri/ftp.rb: fix a typo.
+	  [fix GH-1084][ci skip] Patch by @windwiny
+
+Sun Nov  8 08:10:31 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_trace.c (exec_hooks_precheck): check need_clean everytime
+	  to clean-up unused hooks.
+
+	* vm_trace.c (list->need_clean): use as boolean value.
+
+Sun Nov  8 01:31:27 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb (Net::HTTP#initialize):
+	  default value of Net::HTTP#open_timeout is now 60 (was nil).
+
+Sat Nov  7 12:18:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* string.c (id_to_s): remove redundant variable
+	  (rb_obj_as_string): trade id_to_s for idTo_s
+	  (rb_str_equal): replace rb_intern(...) with pre-defined ID
+	  (rb_str_cmp_m): ditto
+	  (rb_str_match): ditto
+	  (str_upto_each): ditto
+	  (rb_str_sum): ditto
+	  (Init_String): remove id_to_s initialization
+
+Sat Nov  7 11:40:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_cThreadShield): make static
+
+Sat Nov  7 09:51:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_trace.c (rb_threadptr_exec_event_hooks_orig):
+	  maintain trace_running counter on internal events.
+
+	  This patch is made by Takashi Kokubun <k0kubun@ruby-lang.org>.
+	  [Bug #11603] https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1059
+
+Sat Nov  7 03:32:27 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (RSTRUCT_PTR): need a close parenthesis.
+
+Sat Nov  7 01:32:06 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* dir.c (dir_fileno, dirfd): support of Dir#fileno on Solaris 10.
+	  Solaris 10 does not have dirfd, but the file descriptor of a
+	  directory is stored in the d_fd or dd_fd member in the DIR struct.
+	  Note that Solaris 11 has dirfd(3C).
+
+	* configure.in: checks for DIR.d_fd and DIR.dd_fd on Solaris 10.
+
+Fri Nov  6 23:13:53 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c: clarifies Array#reject! documentation.
+	  [fix GH-894][ci skip] Patch by @GxSplinter
+
+Fri Nov  6 20:18:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/runner.rb: extracted test helper.
+	* test/lib/zombie_hunter.rb: ditto.
+
+Fri Nov  6 18:07:47 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (rb_array_const_ptr, rb_struct_const_ptr):
+	  Suppress pointer type mismatch warnings occurred with old version
+	  of Fujitsu C Compiler (fcc) on Solaris 10. The warnings cause
+	  failure of TestMkmf::TestConvertible. [Bug #11644] [ruby-dev:49326]
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR): macro for the above,
+	  only effective with fcc.
+
+Fri Nov  6 12:39:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* defs/id.def (token_ops), parse.y (parser_yylex): change DOTQ
+	  from ".?" to "&.".  [ruby-core:71363] [Feature #11537]
+
+Fri Nov  6 09:01:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (kwd_append): fix segv after invalid keyword argument,
+	  preceding keyword list is NULL when syntax error is there.
+	  [ruby-core:71356] [Bug #11663]
+
+Fri Nov  6 06:59:37 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_autoload: hoist out ruby_impl_require
+
+Thu Nov  5 13:03:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* defs/id.def (token_ops): gather associations between IDs,
+	  operators, and parser tokens.
+
+Thu Nov  5 10:17:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (make_addrinfo): use RARRAY_ASET for
+	  write-barrier.
+
+	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c ({call,eval,invoke}_queue_handler): ditto.
+
+	* ext/tk/tkutil/tkutil.c (ary2list, ary2list2): ditto.
+
+Thu Nov  5 10:09:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/**/*.c: prefer RARRAY_AREF to indexing RARRAY_CONST_PTR.
+	  pointed out by hanmac.
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/commit/3553a86#commitcomment-14187670
+
+Wed Nov  4 17:33:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/debug.rb: Add documentation for #thread_list_all.
+	  [Misc #11580][ci skip]
+
+Wed Nov  4 15:45:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* class.c: fix documentation for rb_define_class{_id}_under.
+	  [fix GH-991][ci skip] Patch by @kachick
+
+Wed Nov  4 15:40:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* method.h: fix typo. Patch by @davydovanton
+	  [fix GH-1076][ci skip]
+
+Wed Nov  4 15:39:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c: use correct grammar. Patch by @tveastman
+	  [fix GH-1079][ci skip]
+
+Wed Nov  4 11:38:23 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* process.c (proc_getsid): [DOC] Fix double word 'for' and typo.
+	  [Fix GH-1080]
+
+Wed Nov  4 06:01:52 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (struct RObject): hide iv_index_tbl type
+	  [ruby-core:71306] [Feature #11647]
+
+Tue Nov  3 06:48:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (find_class_path): remove cast for rb_class_ivar_set
+	  (rb_ivar_set): ditto
+	  (rb_cvar_set): ditto
+
+Tue Nov  3 06:18:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (rb_global_tbl): convert to id_table
+
+Tue Nov  3 01:58:46 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* parse.y (NO_QCALL): fix type mismatch of operands that causes
+	  compile error with Oracle Solaris Studio on Solaris.
+	  [Bug #11645] [ruby-dev:49327]
+
+Sun Nov  1 17:14:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* id_table.c (mix_id_table_insert): do not touch list during
+	  list->hash transition because GC can run during transition.
+
+Sun Nov  1 11:07:31 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_memsize): account for rb_call_cache entries
+
+Sun Nov  1 09:12:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_yylex): ':' separated by a comment and a newline
+	  is not valid as symbol.
+
+Sat Oct 31 20:15:48 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: skipped tests if openssl doesn't support
+	  ECDH cipher.
+
+Sat Oct 31 14:58:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* man/ruby.1 (SYNOPSIS): remove extraneous space for -F option as
+	  it does not allow spaces before its argument.
+	  [ruby-core:71283] [Bug #11641]
+
+Sat Oct 31 14:58:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* man/ruby.1 (SYNOPSIS): remove extraneous space for -F option as
+	  it does not allow spaces before its argument.
+	  [ruby-core:71283] [Bug #11641]
+
+Sat Oct 31 10:22:49 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* eval_error.c (undef_mesg_for): fix typo.  Before this commit
+	  `ArgumentError: malformed format string - %$` was raised when
+	  `NameError#message` is called.  [ruby-core:71282] [Bug #11640]
+	  [Fix GH-1077]
+
+Fri Oct 30 21:12:45 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: update to power_assert 0.2.5.
+
+Fri Oct 30 19:29:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_slowpath): do not need to use flags hack (commit miss).
+
+Fri Oct 30 19:08:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (heap_get_freeobj_from_next_freepage): not so UNLIKELY.
+
+Fri Oct 30 18:09:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_slowpath): reduce 1 parameter to use only registers
+	  for performance.
+
+	  On my laptop, 'N.times{x = []}' (where N = 29_000_000) is
+	  1.86 sec -> 1.74 sec.
+
+Fri Oct 30 12:53:21 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_call.rb: added test for safe navigation operator.
+	  [fix GH-1066]
+
+Fri Oct 30 12:47:34 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: fix wrong commit name.
+
+Fri Oct 30 12:36:16 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm_method.c: added documentation of protected/private methods.
+	  [fix GH-1072]
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: added testcase for method_defined?
+	  [fix GH-1071]
+
+Fri Oct 30 12:06:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* variable.c (rb_class_ivar_set): rename as class specific ivar
+	  setter, and st_table is no longer involved.
+
+Fri Oct 30 11:36:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (generic_ivar_remove): adjust type, set valp
+	  (rb_obj_remove_instance_variable): simplify call
+	* test/ruby/test_object.rb (test_remove_instance_variable):
+	  expand for implementation details
+
+Fri Oct 30 10:37:56 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* internal.h (rb_st_insert_id_and_value): update prototype
+	* variable.c (rb_st_insert_id_and_value): reduce args
+	  (find_class_path): adjust call for less args
+	  (rb_ivar_set): ditto
+	  (rb_cvar_set): ditto
+	* class.c (rb_singleton_class_attached): ditto
+
+Fri Oct 30 09:57:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: update latest gems.
+	  test-unit-3.1.5 and minitest-5.8.2
+
+Fri Oct 30 09:54:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems HEAD(60d7972).
+	  this version contains pull requests number of #1343, #1356, #1357, #1363
+	  at https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pulls
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Fri Oct 30 07:38:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* insns.def (getinlinecache/setinlinecache): compare ic->ic_cref and
+	  current cref only when cached CREF list includes singleton class.
+
+	  Singleton classes have own namespaces, so that we need to check
+	  cref as a key (#10943).
+
+	  However, if current CREF list does not include singleton class,
+	  no need to check CREF because it should be same name space.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_get_const_key_cref): add a function returns
+	  CREF only when it includes singleton class.
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify iseq_inline_cache_entry::ic_cref.
+
+Fri Oct 30 06:43:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_env_cref): make it inline for performance.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_get_cref): use NULL instead of 0.
+
+Fri Oct 30 06:20:40 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* insns.def: nobody set ic->ic_value.value to Qundef.
+
+Fri Oct 30 06:15:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c: add ifndef guard for VM_CHECK_MODE.
+
+Fri Oct 30 06:13:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_check_frame_detail): should require me for
+	  VM_FRAME_FLAG_BMETHOD type frame.
+
+Thu Oct 29 18:42:30 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): specify NOINLINE so that gc_mark() can return
+	  immediately when obj is not a markable object.
+
+Thu Oct 29 18:05:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* encoding.c (rb_enc_check_str): add for performance.
+	  This function only accepts T_STRING (and T_REGEXP).
+
+	  This patch improves performance of a tiny_segmenter benchmark
+	  (num=2) 2.54sec -> 2.42sec on my machine.
+	  https://github.com/chezou/TinySegmenter.jl/blob/master/benchmark/benchmark.rb
+
+	* encoding.c: add ENC_DEBUG and ENC_ASSERT() macros.
+
+	* internal.h: add a decl. of rb_enc_check_str().
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_plus): use rb_enc_check_str().
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_subpat_set): ditto.
+
+Thu Oct 29 17:16:40 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: export rb_wb_(un)protected_newobj_of()
+	  because some extensions include internal.h.
+
+Thu Oct 29 16:42:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_imemo_new): should not pass FL_WB_PROTECTED flag.
+
+	* gc.c (rb_wb_protected_newobj_of): add more assertions.
+
+	* gc.c (rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of): ditto.
+
+Thu Oct 29 16:20:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: introduce rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of() and
+	  rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(), pass the WB_PROTECTED
+	  information explicitly.
+
+	* internal.h: use introduced functions by NEWOBJ_OF().
+	  `flag' is immediate value, so that C compilers can
+	  solve them at compile time.
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: add a comment about that.
+
+Thu Oct 29 14:52:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: add rb_objspace::flags::has_hook to represent hook availability.
+
+	* gc.c: add gc_event_hook_available_p(objspace) to check that flag.
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_of): use gc_event_hook_available_p() instead of
+	  checking gc_event_hook_needed_p(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_NEWOBJ).
+	  for performance.
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_init): add UNLIKELY() for FL_WB_PROTECTED flag.
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_init): change parameters order (trivial change).
+
+Thu Oct 29 14:45:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_thread_struct): move forward declarations before
+	  used.
+
+Thu Oct 29 14:07:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): remove debug code for #11244.
+
+Thu Oct 29 10:08:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (struct autoload_state): usable as wait-queue head
+	  (struct autoload_data_i): remove 2 words of overhead
+	  (autoload_i_mark): remove marking for thread
+	  (autoload_reset): adjust for struct changes
+	  (rb_autoload): ditto
+	  (rb_autoloading_value): ditto
+	  (rb_autoload_load): ditto
+	  (const_update): ditto
+
+Thu Oct 29 08:48:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (struct autoload_data_i): add waitq_head
+	  (struct autoload_state): new struct
+	  (autoload_require): save result in autoload_state for use
+	    in autoload_reset
+	  (autoload_reset): wake up other waiters with open-coded
+	    wait-queues
+	  (rb_autoload_load): add ensure autoload_const_set happens
+	    atomically w.r.t. autoload-triggered "require"
+	  [ruby-core:70075] [ruby-core:71239] [Bug #11384]
+
+Wed Oct 29 00:39:50 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_commands_server_command.rb
+	  (test_handle_options_port): change port from http to discard.
+	  Solaris does not include "http 80/tcp" in its default
+	  /etc/inet/services. AFAIK, discard (9/tcp) is older than http
+	  and it is expected that all OS can resolve the service name.
+	  [Bug #10004] [ruby-core:63518]
+
+Wed Oct 28 23:52:48 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* probes_helper.h (RUBY_DTRACE_HOOK): add RB_GC_GUARD, though paranoic.
+
+Wed Oct 28 15:36:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (rb_name_err_new): store the receiver directly.
+
+	* error.c (name_err_receiver): return directly stored receiver.
+	  [Feature #10881]
+
+	* error.c (name_err_mesg_to_str): quote the name if unprintable.
+
+	* object.c (check_setter_id): use rb_check_id to convert names.
+
+	* variable.c (uninitialized_constant): use NameError::message to
+	  keep the receiver of uninitialized constant.  [Feature #10881]
+
+	* error.c (rb_name_err_new): new function to create NameError
+	  exception instance.  [Feature #10881]
+
+Wed Oct 28 13:29:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (new_attr_op_assign): fix op_assign type, which is
+	  already an ID since r52284.  [Feature #11537]
+
+Tue Oct 27 23:14:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* defs/id.def: enable anonymous IDs not to expose internal IDs for
+	  frozen-string-literal-debug by Marshal.dump.
+
+Tue Oct 27 17:06:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* defs/id.def: move internal IDs for frozen-string-literal-debug.
+
+Tue Oct 27 16:41:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (rb_error_frozen_object): use rb_attr_get instead of
+	  rb_ivar_get to get rid of warnings for string objects created
+	  when frozen-string-literal-debug is disabled.
+
+Tue Oct 27 16:18:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/logger.rb (Logger::Period#previous_period_end): as weekly
+	  rotation shifts the log file on Sundays, the end date of the
+	  previous period should be Saturdays.  fix r45072.
+	  [ruby-dev:49314] [Bug #11622]
+
+Tue Oct 27 16:12:37 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_dump.c (rb_print_backtrace): our addr2line doesn't work on sparc.
+	  http://rubyci.s3.amazonaws.com/unstable11s/ruby-trunk/log/20151027T043311Z.log.html.gz
+
+Tue Oct 27 12:00:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/logger.rb (Logger::Period#next_rotate_time): get rid of
+	  adding to mday not to exceed the days of the month.
+	  [ruby-core:71185] [Bug #11620]
+
+Mon Oct 26 22:43:03 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb (test_method_defined): Add test cases
+	  for `public/protected/private _method_defined?`
+	  These methods accept string as argument, so add string argument
+	  cases.  [Fix GH-1067]
+
+Mon Oct 26 22:23:30 2015  SimonDKnight  <simondknight@hotmail.com>
+
+	* lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc: Grammatical errors fixed.
+	  [Fix GH-1070]
+
+Mon Oct 26 18:36:43 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h) <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* vm_method.c(rb_method_entry_make):
+	  [DOC] [ci skip] Remove a needless space from comment
+	  [Fixes GH-1069] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Mon Oct 26 17:30:13 2015  Ryan Hosford  <tad.hosford@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/fileutils.rb: rename tailing to trailing.
+	  [Misc #11548]
+
+Mon Oct 26 17:11:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (call_op, call_op2): fix values on ripper.  [Feature #11537]
+
+Mon Oct 26 12:55:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (call_op2): separate from call_op and also allow "::",
+	  while dot_or_colon should not allow ".?".  [Feature #11537]
+
+Mon Oct 26 01:03:23 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* thread_pthread.c: fix compile errors when
+	  USE_SLEEPY_TIMER_THREAD is disabled.
+
+Sun Oct 25 10:12:05 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* symbol.c (op_tbl): add DOTQ for ripper.  [Feature #11537]
+
+Sat Oct 24 22:51:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: fixed build failure of Haiku.
+	  [fix GH-984] Patch by @kallisti5
+	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c: ditto.
+	* ext/socket/getnameinfo.c: ditto.
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: ditto.
+
+Sat Oct 24 21:16:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/fileutils/test_fileutils.rb (test_uptodate): relax error
+	  message format.  [Feature #9025], [ruby-core:71178] [Bug #11617]
+
+Sat Oct 24 21:06:43 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h)  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb: Revert r45640 because it may lead to link
+	  with different libruby. [Bug #9760]
+
+Sat Oct 24 15:42:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* bootstraptest/test_method.rb: relax error message format.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_arity.rb (err_mess): ditto.
+	  [Feature #9025], [ruby-core:71178] [Bug #11617]
+
+Sat Oct 24 12:47:47 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: improved error message for "wrong number
+	  of arguments", distinguishing given and expected argument
+	  numbers clearly. [Feature #9025]
+
+Sat Oct 24 11:57:59 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: remove the typedef redeclaration of
+	  vm_call_handler.
+
+Sat Oct 24 07:29:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/forwardable.rb (def_instance_delegator, def_single_delegator):
+	  match backtraces against ::Forwardable in case the target class
+	  is a subclass of BasicObject and does not include Kernel.
+	  [ruby-core:71176] [Bug #11616]
+
+Sat Oct 24 04:10:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (make_compile_option_value): include frozen_string_literal*
+	  in a made option value.
+
+	* vm_opts.h: forgot to add OPT_FROZEN_STRING_LITERAL_DEBUG
+	  at last commit.
+
+Sat Oct 24 03:58:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ruby.c: introduce --enable-frozen-string-literal-debug option.
+	  If this option is enabled, the modify error will be:
+	    can't modify frozen String (RuntimeError) =>
+	    can't modify frozen String, created at test.rb:3 (RuntimeError)
+
+	* iseq.h: add compile option frozen_string_literal_debug.
+
+	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* error.c (rb_error_frozen): ditto.
+
+	* iseq.c (set_compile_option_from_hash): ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: add a test for this fix.
+
+Sat Oct 24 02:02:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: introduce new call handler for simple ISeqs.
+
+	  vm_call_iseq_setup_normal_0start() is simple, however it has
+	  some loops/conditions depends on ISeq::param.size and
+	  ISeq::local_size (in vm_push_frame(), inlined into this function).
+
+	  There are many simple methods which has a few parameters and local
+	  variables. So that this patch introduces several special functions
+	  generated in vm_call_iseq_optimized.inc by
+	  tool/mk_call_iseq_optimized.rb.
+
+	  This script makes
+	    vm_call_iseq_setup_normal_0start_Xparams_Ylocals()
+	  where X is 0 to 3 and Y is 1 to 6 (as current setting).
+	  In this case, X * Y = 24 functions are created.
+
+	  These functions creates fast method dispatch by inlining
+	  vm_push_frame() with immediate params/locals sizes.
+
+	  On my laptop, we can have the following results.
+
+	  vm2_method*       1.083 (8.3% faster)
+	  vm2_poly_method*  0.961 (3.4% slower)
+
+	  It shows 8.3% faster for inner loop method dispatch (hit inline
+	  cache), but 3.4% slower when inline cache miss because we need
+	  to find a suitable call handler.
+
+	* common.mk: add a rule for vm_call_iseq_optimized.inc.
+
+	* tool/mk_call_iseq_optimized.rb: added.
+
+	* vm.c: include vm_call_iseq_optimized.inc.
+
+Sat Oct 24 01:58:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: define vm_call_handler.
+
+Sat Oct 24 01:56:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h, vm_insnhelper.h: move definition of VMDEBUG
+	  from vm_insnhelper.h to vm_core.h.
+
+Sat Oct 24 01:51:01 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* NEWS: [DOC] In the new safe call syntax, arguments are evaluated
+	  only if a call is made.
+
+	* doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc: Fix a typo.
+
+Sat Oct 24 00:38:34 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/forwardable (def_instance_delegator, def_single_delegator):
+	  rescue ::Exception instead of Exception in case Exception is
+	  defined under the target class.
+	  [ruby-core:71175] [Ruby trunk - Bug #11615]
+
+Fri Oct 23 21:10:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (name_err_mesg_to_str): separate class names from the
+	  receiver description.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (make_no_method_exception, raise_method_missing): add
+	  format specifiers for class names.
+
+Fri Oct 23 18:10:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* .gitignore: ignored environmental wrapper files.
+
+Fri Oct 23 17:55:29 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/irb.rb: Ignored assignment of STDOUT.sync = true
+	  when irb.rb loaded. It's affected to IDE such as Jetbrain.
+	  [fix GH-864] Patch by @os97673
+
+Fri Oct 23 16:35:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/ipaddr.rb, test/test_ipaddr.rb: Reject invalid address contained
+	  EOL string. Patch by @kachick [fix GH-942][Bug #11513]
+
+Fri Oct 23 16:03:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c: fix indent style. [fix GH-977]
+	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: indent. [fix GH-975]
+	  [ci skip] These patches are contributed from @yui-knk
+
+Fri Oct 23 15:46:09 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c: Added method signature to include hash. It's inconsistency
+	  with `gsub` method signature.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-1023] Patch by @danielevans
+
+Fri Oct 23 15:25:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/imap.rb: remove an empty comment line and -*-.
+
+Fri Oct 23 15:20:02 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (gettextfile, getbinaryfile): use the safe
+	  navigation operator.
+
+Fri Oct 23 13:51:33 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test_call.rb (test_safe_call): Add test cases for safe
+	  navigation operator assignment.  [Fix GH-1064]
+	  Validate:
+	  * can assign an attribute which is `nil`
+	  * can "or assign" an attribute which is `nil`
+
+Fri Oct 23 11:58:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): optimize lengthy safe
+	  navigation method chain.  [Feature #11537]
+
+Fri Oct 23 10:58:41 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/matrix/eigenvalue_decomposition.rb (tridiagonalize): fix
+	  indentation to avoid a warning when the command line option -w of
+	  ruby is specified.
+
+	* lib/matrix/eigenvalue_decomposition.rb (hessenberg_to_real_schur):
+	  change the name of a block parameter to avoid a warning when the
+	  command line option -w of ruby is specified.
+
+Fri Oct 23 10:49:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): support safe navigation of simple
+	  attribute assignment.  [Feature #11537]
+
+	* parse.y (mlhs_node, lhs, attrset_gen): ditto.  keep mid
+	  non-attrset as the sign of safe navigation.
+
+Fri Oct 23 07:17:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/io/wait/test_io_wait.rb (test_wait_eof): test return value
+
+Fri Oct 23 00:32:02 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ssl_npn_select_cb): explicitly raise error
+	  in ext/openssl instead of OpenSSL itself because LibreSSL
+	  silently truncate the selected protocol name by casting the length
+	  from int to unsigned char. [Bug #11369]
+	  Patch by Jeremy Evans <merch-redmine@jeremyevans.net>
+
+Fri Oct 23 00:49:45 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/un.rb (help): change the name of a block parameter to avoid
+	  a warning when the command line option -w of ruby is specified.
+
+Fri Oct 23 00:22:20 2015  Josef Simanek  <josef.simanek@gmail.com>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_tr): [DOC] Escape backslash in String#tr
+	  documentation.  [Fix GH-1063]
+
+Fri Oct 23 00:19:04 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_collect): [DOC] Fix space of code example of
+	  Array#map.  [Fix GH-1062]
+
+Thu Oct 22 18:52:53 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_f_loop): When a loop is stopped by a StopIteration
+	  exception, return what the enumerator has returned instead of
+	  nil. [ruby-core:71133] [Feature #11498]
+
+Thu Oct 22 18:25:10 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/imap.rb (idle): add a new argument timeout for keep-alive.
+	  [ruby-core:63693] [Bug #10031]
+
+Thu Oct 22 15:30:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_peephole_optimize): peephole optimization for
+	  branchnil jumps.
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): generate save navigation operator
+	  code.
+
+	* insns.def (branchnil): new opcode to pop the tos and branch if
+	  it is nil.
+
+	* parse.y (NEW_QCALL, call_op, parser_yylex): parse token '.?'.
+	  [Feature #11537]
+
+Thu Oct 22 13:16:19 2015  Guilherme Reis Campos  <guilhermekbsa@gmail.com>
+
+	* dir.c (ruby_brace_expand): glob brace expansion edge case fix.
+	  When there are closing braces '}' before a open brace '{' it
+	  must be ignored and considered as literal.
+	  [ruby-core:71138] [Bug #11609]
+
+Thu Oct 22 13:13:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (argf_next_argv): check ARGV element type, and try
+	  conversion if necessary.  [ruby-core:71140] [Bug #11610]
+
+Thu Oct 22 11:11:16 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb: add tests for getbinaryfile and
+	  gettextfile.
+
+Wed Oct 21 18:34:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_magic_comment): allow a sole magic comment without
+	  indicators, neither other non-space comments.  [Feature #8976]
+
+Tue Oct 20 12:17:56 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Add basic argument checking to Prime.prime?
+	  [Bug #11606]
+
+Tue Oct 20 12:17:50 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Optimize Integer#prime?
+	  Patch by Nick Slocum [Bug #10354]
+
+Tue Oct 20 08:12:47 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: pthread_getattr_np is broken on AIX.
+	  More specifically, the stack address and size returned are
+	  not correct.
+
+Tue Oct 20 05:54:46 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/closure.c (callback): static function
+
+Mon Oct 19 10:33:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_raise_socket_error): get rid of a glibc
+	  bug.  [ruby-core:71100] [Bug #11600]
+
+Mon Oct 19 01:26:26 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_identical_p): not necessary to compare the paths after
+	  comparing the file indexes on Windows.  designate by kosaki.
+
+Sun Oct 18 21:17:27 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/open-uri.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sun Oct 18 14:37:56 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_urandom): add a comment why using
+	  O_NONBLOCK and O_NOCTTY.
+
+Sun Oct 18 13:24:17 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): use ATOMIC_SET() for
+	  updating try_syscall.
+
+Sun Oct 18 13:03:52 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* include/ruby/backward/util.h: Good-by Borland-C.
+
+Sun Oct 18 13:03:09 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* common.mk: add a comment how to use "make test-all"
+
+Sun Oct 18 12:59:22 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* common.mk: add comments how to use "make benchmark"
+
+Sun Oct 18 12:58:15 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/securerandom.rb: Specify frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+Sun Oct 18 11:22:52 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* dln.c: remove defined(__WATCOMC__).
+
+Sun Oct 18 11:16:33 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb: Good-by Borland-C.
+
+Sun Oct 18 11:04:36 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* numeric.c: Good-by Borland-C.
+	* include/ruby/backward/rubyio.h: ditto.
+	* include/ruby/backward/st.h: ditto.
+	* include/ruby/backward/util.h: ditto.
+	* include/ruby/backward/rubysig.h: ditto.
+	* include/ruby/backward/classext.h: ditto.
+	* dln.c: ditto.
+	* gc.c: ditto.
+	* win32/resource.rb: ditto.
+	* win32/dir.h: ditto.
+	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c: ditto.
+	* NEWS: announce that Borland-C is no longer supported.
+
+Sun Oct 18 10:54:52 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* dln.c: simplify #ifdef. _WIN32 and __CYGWIN__ are exclusive.
+	  see include/ruby/defines.h
+	* gc.c: ditto.
+	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm.c: ditto.
+
+Sun Oct 18 10:42:19 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* ruby.c (open_load_file): add a comment.
+
+Sun Oct 18 10:12:46 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_identical_p): simplify ifdefs
+
+Sun Oct 18 10:01:40 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* ChangeLog: Good-bye OS/2.
+	* common.mk: ditto.
+	* configure.in: ditto.
+	* dln_find.c: ditto.
+	* ext/Setup.emx: ditto.
+	* ext/extmk.rb: ditto.
+	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: ditto.
+	* ext/zlib/extconf.rb: ditto.
+	* file.c: ditto.
+	* include/ruby/defines.h: ditto.
+	* io.c: ditto.
+	* lib/mkmf.rb: ditto.
+	* missing/os2.c: ditto.
+	* process.c: ditto.
+	* ruby.c: ditto.
+	* NEWS: announce OS/2 is no longer supported.
+
+Sun Oct 18 08:50:15 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* include/ruby/defines.h (DOSISH): add comments.
+
+Sun Oct 18 08:26:51 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* io.c (fptr_finalize): don't release gvl if fptr is not writable.
+	  writable fd may block on close(2) when it's on NFS. But readonly
+	  fd doesn't. [Bug #11559]
+	  result: make benchmark OPTS="-p bm_require_t -e ruby-trunk -e ruby-2.2.2"
+	    build-ruby:             0.171
+	    ruby 2.3.0dev(r52151):  0.659
+	    ruby 2.2.0p95 (r50295): 0.834
+
+Sun Oct 18 09:32:58 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* file.c (ruby_is_fd_loadable): this should be fail if st_mode is
+	  not regular file nor FIFO.
+
+Sun Oct 18 09:20:17 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* ruby.c (open_load_file): use rb_thread_wait_fd() instead of reopen.
+
+Sun Oct 18 05:11:22 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* ruby.c (open_load_file): reset O_NONBLOCK after open.
+	  Even if S_ISREG() is true, the file may be file on FUSE filesystem
+	  or something. We can't assume O_NONBLOCK is safe.
+	  Moreover, we should wait if the path is point to FIFO. That's
+	  FIFO semantics. GVL should be transparent from ruby script.
+	  Thus, just reopen without O_NONBLOCK for filling the requirements.
+	  [Bug #11060][Bug #11559]
+
+	* ruby.c (loadopen_func): new for the above.
+
+	* file.c (ruby_is_fd_loadable): new. for checks loadable file type
+	  of not.
+	* file.c (rb_file_load_ok): use ruby_is_fd_loadble()
+	* internal.h: add ruby_is_fd_loadble()
+
+	* common.mk: now, ruby.o depend on thread.h.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_require.rb
+	(TestRequire#test_loading_fifo_threading_success): new test.
+	  This test successful case that loading from FIFO.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_require.rb
+	(TestRequire#test_loading_fifo_threading_raise): rename from
+	  test_loading_fifo_threading. You shouldn't rescue an exception
+	  if you test raise or not.
+	  Moreover, this case should be caught IOError because load(FIFO)
+	  should be blocked until given any input.
+
+Sat Oct 17 13:55:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): concatenate converted
+	  string to the result instead of making converted string and
+	  append it.
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_cat_conv_enc_opts): from rb_str_conv_enc_opts,
+	  separate function to concatenate with transcoding.
+
+Sat Oct 17 13:19:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby.c (load_file): unify each preparations and clean-ups by
+	  merging load_file_internal and load_file_internal2, and remove
+	  nested rb_protect and rb_ensure.
+
+Sat Oct 17 05:28:32 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb (test_symbol_fstr_leak): add a warm-up
+	  code and check RSS to avoid false positive on AIX and false
+	  negative on Mac OS X. [Bug #10686]
+
+Fri Oct 16 15:54:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_load_ok): open in non-blocking mode withoout
+	  releasing GVL.  don't care about others than regular files and
+	  directories.  [ruby-dev:49272] [Bug #11559]
+
+	* ruby.c (load_file_internal): ditto.
+
+Thu Oct 15 23:56:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_sym_to_proc): make void env.
+
+Thu Oct 15 13:37:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_sym_to_proc): move from string.c and create a Proc
+	  with no environments.  [ruby-core:71088] [Bug #11594]
+
+Thu Oct 15 01:57:03 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb
+	  (test_trace_object_allocations_start_stop_clear): clear object
+	  allocation table first to get rid of erroneous detection for obj3.
+	  [ruby-dev:49095] [Bug #11271]
+
+Thu Oct 15 01:53:38 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ostruct/test_ostruct.rb: Add tests for OpenStruct#respond_to.
+	  Patch by @jeremy in [GH-1041]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1041
+
+Thu Oct 15 01:49:25 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/ostruct.rb: Finish defining OpenStruct attributes lazily.
+	  Patch by @sferik in [GH-1037]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1037
+	  This commit is an addendum to https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1033.
+	  It:
+	  1. lazily defines attribute accessors for copied and marshaled objects,
+	  2. returns nil when an attribute reader is not defined, and
+	  3. defines respond_to_missing? to maintain the same respond_to? behavior
+
+Wed Oct 14 16:56:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: check for libunwind.h, which is not available in
+	  very old OS X SDK.  [ruby-core:71080] [Bug #11591]
+
+Wed Oct 14 14:11:42 2015  Brian Black  <bblack@veracode.com>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_insn_operand_intern): change kw in callinfo disasm from the
+	  number of keyword arguments to an ordered list of the keywords used.
+	  [Feature #11589]
+
+Wed Oct 14 13:58:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_nextc): send a warning to ripper, not to STDERR
+	  always.
+
+	* parse.y (rb_warn1, rb_warning1): move argument conversions to
+	  callers.  PRIsVALUE is not valid in String#%.
+
+Wed Oct 14 13:37:23 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc: fix spell error.
+	  [fix GH-1053][ci skip] Patch by @Matrixbirds
+
+Tue Oct 13 22:06:50 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (rsock_fd_family): Check sa_len.
+
+Tue Oct 13 12:14:10 2015  Craig Davison  <craig65535@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/socket/rsock_addrinfo (rsock_addrinfo): specify address
+	  family.  [Fix GH-1052]
+
+	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_connect, udp_bind, udp_send):
+	  address family by the receiver.
+
+Sun Oct 11 07:09:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_push_frame): initialize other than sp (and ep)
+	  first for performance.
+
+Sun Oct 11 06:21:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_eval.c, internal.h (rb_yield_1): added for performance which
+	  doesn't check Qundef.
+
+	* numeric.c (int_dotimes): use rb_yield_1.
+
+Sun Oct 11 06:19:49 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_iseq_setup_normal): setup sp first
+	  for performance.
+
+Sun Oct 11 05:29:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (invoke_block_from_c): split this function into several
+	  functions.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_yield_callee_setup_arg): remove this function
+	  because it is only delegation function.
+
+Sun Oct 11 03:48:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_of_slowpass): fix typo (pass -> path).
+	  Pointed out by Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>.
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_of_...): `of' is unnecessary.
+
+Sat Oct 10 19:04:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_connect, udp_bind): get open files
+	  inside ensure functions.
+
+Sat Oct 10 18:35:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method0): do not propagate enable_fastpath,
+	  but pass dummy CC to prevent wrong caching.
+
+Sat Oct 10 15:28:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* import a github pull request
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1050
+	  by Kazuho Oku <kazuho@natadeco.co>.
+
+	  This pull request has the following commits.
+
+	* gc.c: reduce # of args to 6 (max. of register args on x86-64) so
+	  that the `newobj_of_slowpass` can be called via TCO.
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_of), string.c (str_duplicate): for performance,
+	  the hot functions must be inlined.
+
+	* gc.c: for performance, preceding arguments of `.*newobj_of.*`
+	  must be same, so that the arg registers can be reused in case of
+	  TCO.
+
+Sat Oct 10 08:52:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_connect, udp_bind, udp_send): fix
+	  memory leaks at closed socket.
+
+Fri Oct  9 17:29:07 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (parse257): refactor.
+
+Fri Oct  9 16:42:26 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/imap.rb: use frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+	* test/net/imap/test_imap.rb: ditto.
+
+	* test/net/imap/test_imap_response_parser.rb: ditto.
+
+Fri Oct  9 15:52:28 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb: use frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_buffered_socket.rb: ditto.
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb: ditto.
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_mlsx_entry.rb: ditto.
+
+Fri Oct  9 14:12:35 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h)  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: Revert r52082 because it was
+	  dropping TLS v1.1 support too. Supporting only TLS v1.2 is too
+	  early, because many popular websites still don't support it.
+
+	  For instance, Servers where aws-sdk connects to still don't support
+	  TLS v1.2 and it became broken.
+
+	  We should consider more carefully about this.
+
+	  [Fix GH-873] [Feature #11524]
+
+Fri Oct  9 12:52:08 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): Dynamic string literals (e.g.,
+	  "#{x}") should not be frozen because they don't literally
+	  represent strings.
+	  https://twitter.com/shugomaeda/status/651937650027401216
+	  https://twitter.com/yukihiro_matz/status/651942882312482817
+	  https://twitter.com/yukihiro_matz/status/651980835181096960
+
+Fri Oct  9 06:52:49 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* benchmark/prepare_require.rb: skip file creation if it already
+	  exist. Suggested by ko1.
+
+Fri Oct  9 06:18:04 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+	* benchmark/bm_require.rb: new benchmark for require.
+	* benchmark/bm_require_thread.rb: new benchmark for conflicting
+	  require vs thread. like [Bug #11559]
+	* prepare_require.rb: new file for preparing above tests.
+	* prepare_require.rb: ditto.
+
+Thu Oct  8 14:10:45 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: Default to TLSv1.2 and drop TLS v1
+	  Patch provided by @claudijd [Fixes GH-873] [Feature #11524]:
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/873
+
+Wed Oct  7 22:55:02 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/minitest/metametameta.rb (with_output): restore output to
+	  fix mixing test result output in worker responses.
+
+Wed Oct  7 21:32:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (str_duplicate): move from rb_str_resurrect to short
+	  circuit initialization.
+
+Wed Oct  7 20:43:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_resurrect): fix resurrection of short enough to
+	  be embedded but not embedded string.
+
+Wed Oct  7 20:17:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_of): divide fast path and slow path
+	  to avoid register savings for fast path.
+
+	  This idea is given by Kazuho Oku <kazuho@natadeco.co>.
+
+Wed Oct  7 17:30:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_times): optimize for the argument 0 and 1.
+
+Wed Oct  7 01:20:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.h, gc.c: introduce new debug function rb_obj_info_dump(VALUE obj)
+	  which prints the result of rb_raw_obj_info(..., obj).
+
+Wed Oct  7 01:16:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_args.c: remove an unused field args_info::calling.
+
+Tue Oct  6 23:43:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_min_max_arity): should support
+	  OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_CALL.
+
+Tue Oct  6 21:29:08 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/tmpdir.rb (Dir.tmpdir): return duplicated string to be
+	  modify safely even when $SAFE > 0.
+
+Tue Oct  6 19:24:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method0): use switch() for visibilities
+	  (for readability).
+
+Tue Oct  6 19:23:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (Init_Proc): Proc#call and others should be public.
+
+Tue Oct  6 18:51:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: IMEMO_FL_USER3 and IMEMO_FL_USER4 is not needed any more.
+
+Tue Oct  6 18:47:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: remove METHOD_ENTRY_SAFE(me) and related code
+	  because $SAFE = 3 and 4 is not available.
+	  Now, $SAFE is not checked on method dispatch at all.
+
+	* vm_eval.c, vm_insnhelper.c, vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Tue Oct  6 13:56:14 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: turn function macros into inline functions,
+	  for debuggers.
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: turn constant macros into enums, for
+	  debuggers.
+
+Tue Oct  6 13:48:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* method.h: typo fix. Patch by @davydovanton [fix GH-1032][ci skip]
+
+Tue Oct  6 06:54:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_free): free iseq::variable_body to avoid memory
+	  leak.
+
+Tue Oct  6 06:32:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c: enable optimization of Proc#call.
+	  [Feature #11569]
+
+	* NEWS: write about this optimization and incompatibilities.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_backtrace.rb: catch up this fix.
+
+Tue Oct  6 04:41:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: solve goto spaghetti.
+
+	  Change all goto statement across blocks to tail call functions.
+
+Tue Oct  6 02:29:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_resurrect): optimize by short circuit to copy
+	  hidden string without checking length, encoding and so on.
+
+Mon Oct  5 23:08:17 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_thread.rb (test_handle_interrupt_blocking): check if
+	  exception handling was postponed until sleep.
+
+Mon Oct  5 22:25:49 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/pp.rb: Use frozen_string_literal: true.
+
+	* lib/prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* lib/tmpdir.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/test_pp.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/test_prettyprint.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* tool/transcode-tblgen.rb: Ditto.
+
+Mon Oct  5 20:39:32 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_thread.rb: fix potential race condition.
+	  The thread could have a "sleep" status because it tries
+	  to acquire the mutex, but does not have it yet.
+
+Mon Oct  5 15:39:30 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* numeric.c: [DOC] Overview for Numeric class by Joe Corcoran
+	  This patch was created at ROSSConf Berlin 2015 [Bug #11555]
+
+Mon Oct  5 15:34:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_new): link ep to calling block.
+	  [ruby-core:70980] [Bug #11566]
+
+Mon Oct  5 00:53:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (rb_dir_getwd): make ASCII-8BIT if filesystem encoding is
+	  US-ASCII, like as Dir.glob.
+
+Sun Oct  4 23:39:09 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* enum.c (nmin_filter): Fix limit value.
+	  patch by Helder Pereira.
+	  [Bug #11471] [ruby-core:70477]
+
+Sun Oct  4 15:11:48 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enc/euc_jp.c (mbc_case_fold): check given string is valid or not,
+	  and if invalid, return 1. [Bug #11486]
+
+Sun Oct  4 10:09:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (rb_dir_getwd): normalize OS path to UTF-8 on OS X.
+
+Sun Oct  4 00:09:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* template/ruby-runner.c.in: wrapper to set dynamic loading path
+	  environment variable.  /bin/sh on Mac OS X 10.11 (El Capitan)
+	  clears DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH.
+
+	  it must:
+	  - do nothing even if current directory is not present
+	  - do not set other environment variables, e.g. PWD, SHLVL, etc
+	  - do not open other FDs, e.g. pipes for timer thread
+
+Sun Oct 2 10:59:00 2015  schneems  <richard.schneeman@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb: freeze string literals for
+	  reduced object allocation.
+	  [Feature #11375] [ruby-core:70043]
+
+Fri Oct  2 09:20:20 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* common.mk, lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb: Change Unicode
+	  Version for character normalization data from 7.0.0 to
+	  8.0.0.
+
+Fri Oct  2 00:18:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_mark): block.ep of Proc from Symbol is now NULL.
+	  [ruby-core:70961] [Bug #11560]
+
+Wed Sep 30 15:47:13 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_args.c (vm_caller_setup_arg_block): bypass Symbol#to_proc
+	  call to optimize symbol block passing.
+
+Wed Sep 30 01:34:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_free): fix memory leak at syntax error when
+	  warn-indent is enabled.
+
+Tue Sep 29 22:27:50 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* parse.y: fix minor typo. [ci skip][fix GH-1038].
+	  Patch by @ltratt.
+
+Tue Sep 29 16:53:53 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* tool/unicode_norm_gen.tmpl, lib/unicode_normalize/tables.rb:
+	  get rid of many .freeze commands by using frozen_string_literal
+	  pragma.
+
+Tue Sep 29 16:37:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (compile_dstr_fragments): fix performance by omitting
+	  the first empty string only for keeping literal encoding if
+	  other literals are too.  [ruby-core:70930] [Bug #11556]
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_append_literal): append but keep encoding non
+	  US-ASCII.
+
+Mon Sep 28 17:40:17 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (mtime): use usec instead of fractions to parse
+	  decimal fractions of a second correctly when the number of digits
+	  is not 6.
+
+Mon Sep 28 16:07:08 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (mtime): parse decimal fractions of a second as
+	  specified in RFC 3659.
+
+Mon Sep 28 10:31:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/test_forwardable.rb: Write basic tests for lib/forwardable.
+	  [fix GH-1035] Patch by @kachick
+
+Sun Sep 27 23:32:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* class.c (rb_define_class, rb_define_class_id_under): refine
+	  error messages.
+
+	* class.c (rb_define_module, rb_define_module_id_under): ditto,
+	  and make consistent with class.
+
+Sun Sep 27 18:44:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: removed duplicated message.
+
+Sun Sep 27 15:46:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby.c (process_options): add an option to enable/disable
+	  frozen-string-literal.  [Feature #8976]
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): override compile option by option
+	  given by pragma.
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_make_compile_option): extract a function to
+	  overwrite rb_compile_option_t.
+
+	* parse.y (parser_set_compile_option_flag): introduce pragma to
+	  override compile options.
+
+	* parse.y (magic_comments): new pragma "frozen-string-literal".
+	  [Feature #8976]
+
+Sun Sep 27 08:16:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/ostruct.rb (delete_field): do not raise NameError for
+	  existing keys.  [Fix GH-1033]
+
+Sun Sep 27 00:34:31 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/ostruct.rb: Move method definitions for getter/setter to be lazy
+	  Patch by @sferik in [GH-1033]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/1033
+
+Fri Sep 25 10:07:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb: removed unused variable. It's removed at r13648.
+	  [fix GH-1022] Patch by @nkondratyev
+
+Fri Sep 25 09:48:27 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: upgrade to minitest-5.8.1
+
+Fri Sep 25 09:47:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* id_table.c: fix typo. [ci skip][fix GH-1031] Patch @davydovanton
+
+Fri Sep 25 07:54:05 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/gdbm/test_gdbm.rb (TestGDBM#test_s_open_lock): skip
+	  this test on AIX. The issue is the same as on Solaris.
+	  [ruby-dev:47631]
+
+Thu Sep 24 17:25:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (paren_args): fix separator token at `foo::bar()` in
+	  ripper.
+
+Thu Sep 24 00:00:17 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* complex.c: ruby/config.h must be included before math.h
+	  because it defines _LARGE_FILES on AIX and _LARGE_FILES
+	  must be defined before sys/types.h is included from math.h.
+	  [Bug #11483]
+
+Wed Sep 23 22:22:38 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs12*: Remove svn commit id macro
+
+Wed Sep 23 01:11:28 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/*: Remove svn commit id macros to make sync easier
+
+Tue Sep 22 04:20:01 2015  Masatoshi SEKI  <m_seki@mva.biglobe.ne.jp>
+
+	* test/drb/test_drb.rb: Run Rinda/DRb tests on localhost. [Fix GH-1027]
+	  patch by voxik.
+
+	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb: ditto
+
+Mon Sep 21 20:53:39 2015  tbpgr  <tbpgr@tbpgr.jp>
+
+	* test/win32ole/test_win32ole_event.rb: fix typo.
+	  swbemsink_avairable? => swbemsink_available?  [Fix GH-1025]
+
+Sun Sep 20 10:07:35 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
+
+	* cont.c (rb_callcc): [DOC] append continuations example across
+	  methods.  [Fix GH-1026]
+
+Sun Sep 20 03:20:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_free): free rb_iseq_t::body::cc_entries.
+
+Sun Sep 20 02:46:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: split rb_call_info_t into several structs.
+	  * rb_call_info (ci) has compiled fixed information.
+	  * if ci->flag & VM_CALL_KWARG, then rb_call_info is
+	    also rb_call_info_with_kwarg. This technique reduce one word
+	    for major rb_call_info data.
+	  * rb_calling_info has temporary data (argc, blockptr, recv).
+	    for each method dispatch. This data is allocated only on
+	    machine stack.
+	  * rb_call_cache is for inline method cache.
+
+	  Before this patch, only rb_call_info_t data is passed.
+	  After this patch, above three structs are passed.
+
+	  This patch improves:
+	  * data locality (rb_call_info is now read-only data).
+	  * reduce memory consumption (rb_call_info_with_kwarg,
+	    rb_calling_info).
+
+	* compile.c: use above data.
+
+	* insns.def: ditto.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_args.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h: ditto.
+
+	* iseq.h: add iseq_compile_data::ci_index and
+	  iseq_compile_data::ci_kw_index.
+
+	* tool/instruction.rb: introduce TS_CALLCACHE operand type.
+
+Sun Sep 20 02:18:10 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/lib/envutil.rb: mkfifo command based File.mkfifo method
+	  definition removed.
+
+Fri Sep 18 20:11:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_s_mkfifo): implement File.mkfifo.
+	  [Feature #11536]
+
+Fri Sep 18 16:56:19 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* NEWS: add Net::FTP#mlst and Net::FTP#mlsd.
+
+Fri Sep 18 07:39:22 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c (obj_type): add IMEMO types to the heap
+	  dump information.
+
+Thu Sep 17 22:33:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk: fix command error with outside builddir.
+
+Thu Sep 17 17:42:09 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk: separated test for test-framework from test-all task.
+	  They should be invoke at first before tests of test-all.
+
+Thu Sep 17 12:05:54 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_dir.rb (TestDir#test_fileno): s/?x/"x"/. Don't
+	  use tricky code, please.
+
+Wed Sep 16 20:49:56 2015  Masaki Suketa  <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
+
+	* encindex.h: fix typo of last #endif comment. [ci skip]
+
+Wed Sep 16 20:39:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* variable.c (set_const_visibility): fail if the class/module is
+	  frozen.  [ruby-core:70828] [Bug #11532]
+
+Wed Sep 16 17:16:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (ENABLE_VM_OBJSPACE): enable per-VM object space on
+	  Windows by default, as rb_w32_sysinit() no longer depends on
+	  ruby_xmalloc.
+
+Wed Sep 16 15:08:17 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Strings): [DOC] Revise the character
+	  literal part.
+
+Wed Sep 16 14:55:33 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Strings): [DOC] Document the full list
+	  of supported escape sequences in string literals.
+
+Wed Sep 16 14:49:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_setbyte): keep the code range as possible.
+
+Wed Sep 16 13:23:48 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Strings): mention about ?a literal.
+
+Wed Sep 16 12:06:53 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* dir.c (glob_helper): check pathtype once again by lstat(2) if
+	  dp->d_type is DT_UNKNOWN. XFS may return DT_UNKNOWN.
+
+Wed Sep 16 03:49:19 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_thread.rb (TestThread#test_mutex_synchronize):
+	  insert waste loop for invoking preemptive thread context switch.
+	  [Bug #11496]
+
+Tue Sep 15 19:38:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_objspace_alloc, rb_objspace_free): define always
+	  regardless ENABLE_VM_OBJSPACE, and free heap pages.
+
+Tue Sep 15 15:15:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_sysinit, rb_w32_readdir): compare by
+	  encoding index to get rid of encoding initialization before VM
+	  object space allocation.
+
+	* dir.c (fundamental_encoding_p, push_glob): compare by encoding
+	  index immediately.
+
+	* enc/{ascii,us_ascii,utf_8}.c: set encoding indexes of
+	  fundamental built-in encodings so that usable as well as
+	  allocated rb_encoding before rb_enc_init().
+
+	* encindex.h: separate encoding index constants from internal.h.
+
+Tue Sep 15 13:13:13 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang, rb_ary_sort): [DOC] correct block
+	  return values, which may be a negative or positive integer, not
+	  only -1 or +1.
+
+Tue Sep 15 12:49:10 2015  Jason Barnabe  <jason.barnabe@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang, rb_ary_sort): [DOC] Correct
+	  description of array sort block return values.  And also fix up
+	  the grammar a bit.  [Fix GH-1020]
+
+Tue Sep 15 12:44:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* util.c (ruby_qsort): use BSD-style qsort_r if available.
+
+Mon Sep 14 19:26:34 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (parse_mlsx_entry): parse pathnames including
+	  space correctly.
+
+Mon Sep 14 11:12:10 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc: [DOC] fix typo, "convertion" to
+	  "conversion".  [Fix GH-1016]
+
+Sun Sep 13 11:03:13 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: prefix RUBY or RB to global symbols to get
+	  rid of name conflicts with other headers.
+
+	* include/ruby/encoding.h, include/ruby/intern.h: ditto.
+
+Sun Sep 13 09:38:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (size, modify, create, type, unique, perm, lang,
+	  media_type, charset): new methods to return standard facts.
+
+Sat Sep 12 19:43:49 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_iseq_setup_normal): do not clear local
+	  variables here. vm_push_frame() clears.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_iseq_setup_tailcall): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_push_frame): move check code to
+	  vm_check_frame().
+
+	  Reorder initialization timing to reuse same values (sp).
+
+	* compile.c (rb_iseq_compile_node): use
+	  iseq_set_exception_local_table() for ISEQ_TYPE_DEFINED_GUARD.
+
+Sat Sep 12 23:06:51 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (file?, directory?, appendable?, creatable?,
+	  deletable?, enterable?, renamable?, listable?, directory_makable?,
+	  purgeable?, readable?, writable?): new methods.
+
+Sat Sep 12 21:27:22 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (FACT_PARSERS): support system dependent facts
+	  UNIX.mode, UNIX.owner, UNIX.group, UNIX.ctime, and UNIX.atime.
+
+Sat Sep 12 19:08:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_dup2): should return the new fd on
+	  success, while msvcrt returns 0 wrongly.
+
+Sat Sep 12 18:14:11 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (parse_mlsx_entry, mlst) raise an FTPProtoError
+	  when parsing failed.
+
+Sat Sep 12 18:00:35 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (TIME_PARSER): use "Z" instead of "+00:00" to
+	  get UTC time.  Thanks, Wilson Bilkovich.
+
+Sat Sep 12 17:55:24 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (mlst, mlsd): support new commands MLST and MLSD
+	  specified in RFC 3659.
+
+Sat Sep 12 16:14:31 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c: access()/eaccess() wrapping methods check more than just uid.
+	  [fix GH-1007][ci skip] Patch by @eam
+
+Sat Sep 12 16:07:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* README.md: improve markdown rendering for readability.
+	  [fix GH-1015][ci skip] Patch by @Matrixbirds
+
+Sat Sep 12 14:30:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* process.c (save_redirect_fd): make saved FDs close-on-exec not
+	  to be inherited.
+
+	* process.c (run_exec_dup2): restore close-on-exec flags too.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (fcntl): implement F_GETFD, F_SETFD, and
+	  F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC.
+
+Sat Sep 12 05:35:24 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* rational.c (string_to_r_strict): preserve encoding in exception
+
+Fri Sep 11 20:23:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_call_info_t::aux.opt_pc.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: introduce shortcut functions for opt_pc == 0
+	  because opt_pc is always 0 on shortcut function.
+
+Fri Sep 11 17:49:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c: disable ISeq.load. It enabled accidentally at r51794.
+
+Fri Sep 11 11:15:12 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (size, mdtm, system): parse responses according to
+	  RFC 959 and 3659, where reply codes must be followed by SP.
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (system): remove LF from the return value.
+
+Thu Sep 10 22:48:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (literal_concat_gen, evstr2dstr_gen): keep literal
+	  encoding beginning with an interpolation same as the source file
+	  encoding.  [ruby-core:70703] [Bug #11519]
+
+Thu Sep 10 22:15:51 2015  Joe Rafaniello  <jrafanie@redhat.com>
+
+	* process.c (rb_f_spawn): Be more specific regarding "other
+	  values" by having "non-zero positive integers" Add nil, the
+	  default value, as a possible value and what it means.
+
+	  Try to use more consistent language.
+	  [Fix GH-1008]
+
+Thu Sep 10 15:16:02 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (getmultiline): refactor.
+
+Thu Sep 10 12:17:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_build_from_ary_body): register cdhash to the
+	  iseq constant body instead of compile time mark array, not to
+	  get GCed.  [ruby-core:70708] [Feature #8543]
+
+Wed Sep  9 18:16:14 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/stub_specification.rb (Gem::StubSpecification#data):
+	  should not change the value of $. when `require`ing gems.
+	  this fixed test failures introduced by r51813.
+
+Wed Sep  9 16:55:45 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby.c (usage, enable_option, disable_option, process_options): new
+	  option `--disable-did_you_mean`.
+
+	* gem_prelude.rb: now requires did_you_mean gem by default if available.
+
+Wed Sep  9 13:38:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/extlibs.rb (do_patch): let "patch" command change the
+	  working directory and open the patch file there, instead of
+	  spawn options, so that proper error message will be shown by the
+	  command not just "chdir" or "open".
+
+Wed Sep  9 11:33:05 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk (update-gems): use BASERUBY instead of RUNRUBY.
+
+Wed Sep  9 11:08:59 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/delegate.rb: Remove backtrace cleaning for delegated methods
+	  This patch was provided by Rafael Franca and greatly improves
+	  performance when an exception is raised. [Bug #11461]
+
+Wed Sep  9 10:05:41 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_config.rb: fix broken tests for Windows platform.
+
+Wed Sep  9 07:46:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems HEAD(fe61e4c112).
+	  this version contains new feature that warn invalid SPDX license
+	  identifiers. https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/1249
+	  and #1032, #1023, #1332, #1328, #1306, #1321, #1324
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Tue Sep  8 23:17:36 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: Upgrade the did_you_mean gem to 1.0.0.beta2.
+
+Tue Sep  8 23:09:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_s_popen): do not wait the child process during being
+	  killed.  [ruby-core:70671] [Bug #11510]
+
+Tue Sep  8 22:18:04 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: revert because ruby trunk never be able to install
+	  the did_you_mean gem.  retry after enough test.
+
+Tue Sep  8 21:48:22 2015  Yuki Nishijima  <mail@yukinishijima.net>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: Automatically install the did_you_mean gem
+	  as a bundled gem.  [Feature #11252]
+
+Tue Sep  8 17:17:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_call_info_t::blockiseq.
+
+	* insns.def (send, invokesuper): pass blockiseq explicitly.
+
+	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_args.c: ditto.
+
+	* iseq.c (ISEQ_MINOR_VERSION): 2->3 because instruction spec was
+	  changed.
+
+Tue Sep  8 15:01:19 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (list): fetch all the lines before yielding a block
+	  to allow other commands in the block.  [Feature #11454]
+	  Patched by Srikanth Shreenivas.
+
+Tue Sep  8 12:05:00 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_read_reparse_point): return correct required
+	  buffer size for IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT.
+
+Tue Sep  8 00:14:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* process.c (rb_execarg_parent_start1): raise with the target path
+	  name when open() failed.
+
+Mon Sep  7 23:45:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* process.c (rb_exec_fail): raise with the target directory name
+	  when chdir() failed.  pointed out by sorah.
+
+Mon Sep  7 22:05:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (insert): should use plain strdup() instead of
+	  ruby_strdup() at startup time, and plain free()ed in cmdglob().
+
+Mon Sep  7 16:49:30 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_struct): define objspace always regardless
+	  ENABLE_VM_OBJSPACE.
+
+Mon Sep  7 15:54:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS): fix typo.
+	  TODO: make arguments of all CAS macros consistent.
+
+Sun Sep  6 16:07:22 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ccan/list/list.h: suppress unused argument warnings
+	  [ccan commit 6aaca17e07588997417a73fac19dcf0ff17ed81b]
+
+Sat Sep  5 11:39:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rss/rss.rb (Time#w3cdtf): fix zero-trimmed width of fraction
+	  digits.  [ruby-core:70667] [Bug #11509]
+
+Sat Sep  5 08:28:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_equal, rb_hash_eql): [DOC] the orders of each
+	  hashes are not compared.  [Bug #11508]
+
+Fri Sep  4 23:26:22 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/win32.h: fix macro name for VC runtime version,
+	  RT_VER is only in Makefile.
+
+Fri Sep  4 17:46:17 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/contributing.rdoc: fix configuration option.
+	  [ci skip] [fix GH-1009]
+
+Fri Sep  4 04:46:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_memsize): functions for wrapper object should have
+	  iseqw_ prefix.
+
+Thu Sep  3 21:12:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/cgi/session.rb (create_new_id): use SHA512 instead of MD5.
+	  pointed out by SARWAR JAHAN.
+
+Thu Sep  3 20:29:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): iseq->body->location.first_lineno is Fixnum.
+
+Thu Sep  3 17:54:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (raise_method_missing): "names" should be singular.
+	  pointed out by Filip Bartuzi.
+
+Thu Sep  3 17:50:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): should support IMEMO/iseq.
+
+Thu Sep  3 10:07:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (raise_method_missing): refine error messages when a
+	  symbol is not given.  [Fix GH-1013]
+
+Wed Sep  2 18:49:55 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/*: merge psych master(8737e5b). It contains following fixes.
+	  https://github.com/tenderlove/psych/pull/242
+	  https://github.com/tenderlove/psych/pull/246 [ruby-list:50219]
+	* test/psych/*: ditto.
+
+Wed Sep  2 18:04:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h (GET_PC_COUNT): remove unused macro.
+
+Wed Sep  2 17:18:37 2015  Chris Schneider  <chris@christopher-schneider.com>
+
+	* process.c (proc_detach): [DOC] fix typo "intent" as "intend" in
+	  rdoc.  [Fix GH-1011]
+
+Wed Sep  2 16:58:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_realpath_internal): use filesystem encoding if the
+	  argument is in ASCII encodings.
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_readlink): needs the result encoding.
+
+Tue Sep  1 18:37:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: catch up last commit.
+
+Tue Sep  1 18:16:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* thread_sync.c (queue_do_close): ignore multiple close to allow
+	  multiple producers.
+	  https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10600#note-14
+
+Tue Sep  1 18:06:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* thread_tools.c: rename thread_tools.c to thread_sync.c.
+
+Mon Aug 31 17:04:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (move_refined_method): should insert a write barrier
+	  from an original class to a created (cloned) method entry.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: add a test.
+
+Sun Aug 30 02:42:22 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_method_tab): Only add SSLv3 support
+	  if the SSL library supports it.  Thanks Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>
+	  [Bug #11376]
+
+	* ext/openssl/extconf.rb: check for SSLv3 support in the SSL
+	  implementation.
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): Skip tests that need SSLv3
+	  if there is no support.
+
+Fri Aug 28 16:05:09 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rdoc/*: Update rdoc master(cfffed5)
+	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/337
+	  https://github.com/rdoc/rdoc/pull/367
+
+Fri Aug 28 10:16:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (hook_before_rewind): prevent kicking :return event while
+	  finishing vm_exec func because invoke_block_from_c() kick a :return
+	  event for bmethods.
+	  [Bug #11492]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add a test.
+
+Thu Aug 27 18:05:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb: use IO::NULL instead of '/dev/null'
+	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: ditto.
+
+Thu Aug 27 15:24:57 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_set_sequence): rename variable names
+	  to make it readable.
+
+Thu Aug 27 07:45:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* thread_tools.c: add Queue#close(exception=false) and
+	  SizedQueue#close(exception=false).
+	  [Feature #10600]
+
+	  Trying to deq from a closed empty queue return nil
+	  if exception parameter equals to false (default).
+
+	  If exception parameter is truthy, it raises
+	  ClosedQueueError (< StopIteration).
+	  ClosedQueueError inherits StopIteration so that you can write:
+
+	    loop{ e = q.deq; (using e) }
+
+	  Trying to close a closed queue raises ClosedQueueError.
+
+	  Blocking threads to wait deq for Queue and SizedQueue will be
+	  restarted immediately by returning nil (exception=false) or
+	  raising a ClosedQueueError (exception=true).
+
+	  Blocking threads to wait enq for SizedQueue will be
+	  restarted by raising a ClosedQueueError immediately.
+
+	  The above specification is not proposed specification, so that
+	  we need to continue discussion to conclude specification this
+	  method.
+
+	* test/thread/test_queue.rb: add tests originally written by
+	  John Anderson and modify detailed behavior.
+
+Wed Aug 26 10:52:02 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* re.c (rb_memsearch_wchar, rb_memsearch_qchar): test matching
+	  till the end of string.  [ruby-core:70592] [Bug #11488]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_m17n.rb (test_include?, test_index): add tests by
+	  Tom Stuart.
+
+Wed Aug 26 09:26:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* id_table.c (list_table_extend, hash_table_extend): remove C99
+	  features.  [ruby-dev:49239] [Bug #11487]
+
+Tue Aug 25 06:34:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (w32_symlink): implement symlink().
+
+Mon Aug 24 16:01:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* encoding.c (rb_locale_encindex): find encoding index without
+	  making a string object every time.  [ruby-core:58160] [Bug #9080]
+
+Sat Aug 22 15:43:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (check_funcall_failed, check_funcall_missing): cache
+	  results of respond_to? and respond_to_missing?, and search a
+	  public method only for compatibility with rb_respond_to.
+
+Sat Aug 22 08:23:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/thread/thread.c: move definitions of Queue, SizedQueue
+	  and ConditionalVariables to thread_tools.c. In other words,
+	  such classes are built-in.
+	  [Feature #8919]
+
+	  At first, I planned to embed only a Queue class.
+	  However, rubygems requires 'thread.rb' (rubygems are
+	  required at first, when launch MRI without --disable-gems).
+	  So most of people require 'thread.rb' as an embedded library.
+
+	  Now, ext/thread/thread.c is empty, only for a dummy for
+	  compatibility.
+
+	* thread.c: move a definition of Mutex class to thread_tools.c.
+
+	  And define Mutex class under Thread (so now Mutex is Thread::Mutex).
+	  Because other thread related classes are also defined under Thread.
+	  We remain ::Mutex as Thread::Mutex. Only an inspect result is changed.
+
+	* common.mk: add dependency from thread.o to thread_tools.c.
+
+Sat Aug 22 05:31:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_opts.h, iseq.c, iseq.h: add compile option to force frozen
+	  string literals.
+	  [Feature #11473]
+
+	  This addition is not specification change, but to try frozen
+	  string literal world discussed on [Feature #11473].
+
+	  You can try frozen string literal world using this magical line:
+
+	    RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile_option =
+	      {frozen_string_literal: true}
+
+	  Note that this is a global compilation option, so that you need to
+	  compile another script like that:
+
+	    p 'foo'.frozen? #=> false
+	    RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile_option =
+	      {frozen_string_literal: true}
+	    p 'foo'.frozen? #=> false, because this line is already compiled.
+	    p eval("'foo'.frozen?") #=> true
+
+	  Details:
+	    * String literals are deduped by rb_fstring().
+	    * Dynamic string literals ("...#{xyz}...") is now only frozen,
+	      not deduped. Maybe you have other ideas.
+
+	  Now, please do not use this option on your productions :)
+	  Of course, current specification can be changed.
+
+	* compile.c: ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_iseq.rb: add a test.
+
+Sat Aug 22 02:53:12 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/*: update to Psych 2.0.14
+
+	* test/psych/*: ditto
+
+Fri Aug 21 19:58:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: add a new method ObjectSpace.count_symbols.
+	  [Feature #11158]
+
+	* symbol.c (rb_sym_immortal_count): added to count immortal symbols.
+
+	* symbol.h: ditto.
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: add a test for this method.
+
+	* NEWS: describe about this method.
+
+Fri Aug 21 19:48:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/Makefile.sub ($(LIBRUBY_SO)): needs additional libraries
+	  for extension libraries to link statically.
+	  [ruby-core:70499] [Feature #9018]
+
+Fri Aug 21 18:49:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h, cont.c, vm_trace.c: add a new event
+	  fiber_switch. We need more discussion about this feature
+	  so that I don't write it on NEWS.
+	  [Feature #11348]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add tests.
+
+Fri Aug 21 17:32:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_invoke_block): we should not expect ci->argc is
+	  stable after invoking a block. [Bug #11451]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_yield.rb: add a test. This test script is given by
+	  Alex Dowad.
+
+Fri Aug 21 06:35:50 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl_session.rb: Fix tests so that they take in to
+	  account OpenSSL installations that have SSLv3 disabled by default.
+	  Thanks Jeremy Evans <code@jeremyevans.net> for the patches.
+	  [Bug #11366] [Bug #11367]
+
+Thu Aug 20 22:19:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c (basic_obj_respond_to): call respond_to_missing?
+	  only when redefined.  [ruby-core:70460] [Bug #11465]
+
+Thu Aug 20 14:13:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (check_funcall_respond_to): share the behavior with
+	  rb_obj_respond_to.  [ruby-core:70460] [Bug #11465]
+
+	* vm_method.c (vm_respond_to): extract from rb_obj_respond_to and
+	  merge r39881.
+
+Thu Aug 20 08:53:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_obj_respond_to): reuse found method entry
+	  instead of searching same entry repeatedly.
+
+Thu Aug 20 08:31:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename), win32/win32.c (opendir_internal):
+	  check reparse point tags and treat supported tags only as
+	  symbolic links.  [ruby-core:70454] [Bug #11462]
+
+Wed Aug 19 23:59:28 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): add OP_ALL to
+	  existing options rather than just setting it.  Some vendors apply
+	  custom patches to their versions of OpenSSL that set default values
+	  for options.  This commit respects the custom patches they've
+	  applied.
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): check that OP_ALL has been
+	  added to the options.
+
+Wed Aug 19 23:55:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* process.c (rb_f_spawn): [DOC] elaborate environment variable
+	  values.  [ruby-core:70456] [Bug #11463]
+
+Wed Aug 19 23:48:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (winnt_lstat): check reparse point tags and treat
+	  supported tags only as symbolic links.
+	  [ruby-core:70454] [Bug #11462]
+
+Tue Aug 18 20:05:49 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (reserve_stack): ensure the memory is really
+	  allocated. [Bug #11457]
+
+Tue Aug 18 17:19:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (IS_BEG): include labeled argument state, which was
+	  EXPR_LABELARG.  [ruby-dev:49221] [Bug #11456]
+
+Tue Aug 18 16:16:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (RClass): define only in C, `__attribute__`
+	  between `struct` and the name can't compile with g++.
+	  [ruby-core:70297] [Bug #11426]
+
+Mon Aug 17 20:56:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y: fix syntax error at do-block after a conditional
+	  operator.  separate label-allowed and after-a-label states from
+	  others as bit flags.  [ruby-dev:48790] [Bug #10653]
+
+Mon Aug 17 11:57:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_each_codepoint): raise an exception at incomplete
+	  character before EOF when conversion takes place.  [Bug #11444]
+
+Sun Aug 16 17:33:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: update latest version of bundled gems.
+	  It includes minitest-5.8.0 and test-unit 3.1.3.
+
+Sun Aug 16 17:24:10 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): check if RCLASS_EXT is valid
+	  before marking. This fixes the following test failure
+	  introduced in r51126:
+
+	    make test-all TESTOPTS='--gc-stress ruby/test_refinement.rb'
+
+Sat Aug 15 10:51:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb (API#SetValue): data size should
+	  be in bytes, not in chars.  [ruby-core:70365] [Bug #11439]
+
+Sat Aug 15 10:15:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_each_codepoint): read more data when read partially.
+	  [ruby-core:70379] [Bug #11444]
+
+Sat Aug 15 04:33:39 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* hash.c (any_hash): skip rb_objid_hash for static syms
+	  (rb_num_hash_start): extract from rb_ident_hash
+	  (rb_objid_hash): call rb_num_hash_start
+	  (rb_ident_hash): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:70181] [Feature #11405]
+
+Sat Aug 15 04:16:13 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_mark): reduce NULL checks
+
+Fri Aug 14 18:50:57 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_VISI_SET): cast visi to int
+	  (METHOD_ENTRY_FLAGS_SET): ditto
+
+Fri Aug 14 18:43:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* process.c (close_unless_reserved): add extra check
+	  (dup2_with_divert): remove
+	  (redirect_dup2): use dup2 without divert
+	  (before_exec_non_async_signal_safe): adjust call + comment
+	  (rb_f_exec): stop timer thread for all OSes
+	  (rb_exec_without_timer_thread): remove
+	* eval.c (ruby_cleanup): adjust call
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_stop_timer_thread): always close pipes
+	* thread_pthread.c (struct timer_thread_pipe): add writing field,
+	  mark owner_process volatile for signal handlers
+	  (rb_thread_wakeup_timer_thread_fd): check valid FD
+	  (rb_thread_wakeup_timer_thread): set writing flag to prevent close
+	  (rb_thread_wakeup_timer_thread_low): ditto
+	  (CLOSE_INVALIDATE): new macro
+	  (close_invalidate): new function
+	  (close_communication_pipe): removed
+	  (setup_communication_pipe_internal): make errors non-fatal
+	  (setup_communication_pipe): ditto
+	  (thread_timer): close reading ends inside timer thread
+	  (rb_thread_create_timer_thread): make errors non-fatal
+	  (native_stop_timer_thread): close write ends only, always,
+	   wait for signal handlers to finish
+	  (rb_divert_reserved_fd): remove
+	* thread_win32.c (native_stop_timer_thread): adjust (untested)
+	  (rb_divert_reserved_fd): remove
+	* vm_core.h: adjust prototype
+	  [ruby-core:70386] [Bug #11336]
+
+Fri Aug 14 18:40:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb (API#SetValue): add terminator
+	  size, not 1 byte.  [ruby-core:70365] [Bug #11439]
+
+Thu Aug 13 22:49:42 2015  Juanito Fatas  <katehuang0320@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/timeout.rb (Timeout#timeout): freeze a string message to
+	  reduce string allocations.  [Fix GH-996]
+
+Thu Aug 13 17:42:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_call_info_kw_arg_bytes): move the definition
+	  to iseq.h because this function is shared with iseq.c and compile.c.
+
+Thu Aug 13 14:36:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* object.c (rb_num_to_dbl): move from num2dbl_with_to_f in math.c.
+
+Thu Aug 13 09:01:25 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* load.c (features_index_add): avoid repeat calculation
+
+Wed Aug 12 21:57:31 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* id_table.c: IMPL() macro accept op as _opname instead of opname
+	  because jemalloc seems to replace the word `free' to `je_free'.
+
+Wed Aug 12 21:51:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* id_table.c (mix_id_table_insert): fix memory leak.
+
+Wed Aug 12 21:17:38 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_memsize): reimplement for wrapper
+	  (param_keyword_size): extracted from iseq_memsize
+	  (iseqw_mark): new mark function
+	  (iseqw_data_type): new data type
+	  (iseqw_new): wrap as iseqw_data_type
+	  (iseqw_check): adjust for wrapper
+	  (Init_ISeq): remove iseqw_iseq_key initialization
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: new test
+	  [ruby-core:70344] [Feature #11435]
+
+Wed Aug 12 21:15:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_call_info_kw_arg_bytes): extract from compile.c
+	* compile.c (iseq_build_callinfo_from_hash): use above function
+
+Wed Aug 12 18:00:17 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (move_refined_method): same as the last commit.
+
+Wed Aug 12 17:57:53 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c, gc.c vm.c: use ID_TABLE_* instead of ST_*
+	  (such as ST_CONTINUE) for enum rb_id_table_iterator_result.
+
+Wed Aug 12 17:05:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* id_table.h: introduce ID key table.
+	  [Feature #11420]
+
+	  This table only manage ID->VALUE table to reduce overhead of st.
+
+	  Some functions prefixed rb_id_table_* are provided.
+
+	* id_table.c: implement rb_id_table_*.
+
+	  There are several algorithms to implement it.
+
+	  Now, there are roughly 4 types:
+
+	    * st
+	    * array
+	    * hash (implemented by  Yura Sokolov)
+	    * mix of array and hash
+
+	  The macro ID_TABLE_IMPL can choose implementation.
+	  You can see detailes about them at the head of id_table.c.
+
+	  At the default, I choose 34 (mix of list and hash).
+	  This is not final decision.
+	  Please report your suitable parameters or
+	  your data structure.
+
+	  * symbol.c: introduce rb_id_serial_t and rb_id_to_serial()
+	    to represent ID by serial number.
+
+	  * internal.h: use id_table for method tables.
+
+	  * class.c, gc.c, marshal.c, vm.c, vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Aug 12 05:19:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* parse.y (rb_parser_compile_cstr): remove volatile arg
+	  (rb_parser_compile_string): ditto
+	  (rb_parser_compile_file): ditto
+	  (rb_parser_compile_string_path): ditto
+	  (rb_parser_compile_file_path): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:70323] [Misc #11431]
+
+Tue Aug 11 22:59:57 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* numeric.c (Init_Numeric): Fix document for Float::MIN and
+	  Float::EPSILON.
+
+Tue Aug 11 15:22:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (ALLOCV_N): check integer overflow, as well
+	  as ruby_xmalloc2.  pointed out by Paul <pawlkt AT gmail.com>.
+
+Tue Aug 11 14:57:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_repeated_permutation): fix buffer size, ALLOCV_N
+	  already multiplies element size.
+
+Tue Aug 11 12:13:20 2015  Jeremy Evans  <merch-redmine@jeremyevans.net>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: Fix LocalJumpErrors being raised
+	  in OpenSSL tests. [ruby-core:70020][Bug #11368]
+
+Tue Aug 11 11:54:13 2015  Alexey Lipnyagov  <liptonshmidt@gmail.com>
+
+	* string.c: Fix documentation for String#slice
+	  [ruby-core:70298][Bug #11427]
+
+Tue Aug 11 11:53:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (superclass): make superclass rule optional and allow
+	  any contents without a terminator.  [EXPERIMENTAL]
+
+Tue Aug 11 10:58:42 2015  Juanito Fatas  <juanitofatas@gmail.com>
+
+	* string.c: [DOC] Make #end_with? example doc symmetry
+	  with #start_with? [fix GH-992][ci skip]
+
+Tue Aug 11 10:51:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_array.rb: Add test for `Array#flatten` with level 1
+	  [fix GH-986] Patch @yui-knk
+
+Tue Aug 11 10:48:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enum.c: added doc for Enumerable#zip
+	  [fix GH-985] Patch by @yui-knk
+	* test/ruby/test_enum.rb: added tests for Enumerable#zip
+	  [fix GH-985] Patch @yui-knk
+
+Tue Aug 11 10:33:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c: typo fix [fix GH-993][ci skip] Patch by @0x0dea
+	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun Aug  9 14:15:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm.c (Init_vm_objects, rb_vm_fstring_table): use frozen_strings
+	  table in rb_vm_t.  [ruby-core:70274] [Bug #11423]
+
+Sat Aug  8 03:59:51 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* object.c: [DOC] Improve grammar for Module#===
+	  Patch by @SkyBirdSoar in documenting-ruby/ruby#52:
+	  https://github.com/documenting-ruby/ruby/pull/52
+
+Sat Aug  8 03:39:33 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c: [DOC] Improve description of symbol key syntax
+	  Patch by Raphael Das Gupta in documenting-ruby/ruby#51:
+	  https://github.com/documenting-ruby/ruby/pull/51
+
+Fri Aug  7 21:04:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_params): turn in_def and in_single into bit
+	  flags and reduce the size by 2-words.
+
+	* parse.y (parser_params): remove redundant prefixes.
+
+	* parse.y (yylex): non-pure parser has not been supported since
+	  merger of ripper.  change argument types from void pointers.
+
+Fri Aug  7 17:07:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (method_super_method): uncallable method entry does not
+	  have the defined class, use the owner instead.
+	  [ruby-core:70254] [Bug #11419]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb (test_super_method_unbound): add test
+	  by Akira Matsuda.
+
+Thu Aug  6 10:49:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* node.c (rb_alloc_tmp_buffer): round up the size and check the
+	  range.
+
+	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE, ATOMIC_VALUE_CAS): add
+	  atomic operations for VALUE.
+
+Thu Aug  6 08:15:49 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move
+	  SSLSocket#sysclose to Ruby.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_close): ditto
+
+Thu Aug  6 07:57:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move nonblock
+	  enable to SSLSocket#initialize and remove Nonblock module.
+
+Thu Aug  6 07:53:47 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move
+	  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket#initialize to Ruby.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: ditto
+
+Thu Aug  6 02:25:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* node.c (rb_alloc_tmp_buffer): use NODE_ALLOCA to mark locations
+	  like as builtin alloca.  [ruby-core:70251] [Bug #11418]
+
+Wed Aug  5 14:37:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* transcode.c (rb_econv_open0): rb_econv_t::source_encoding_name
+	  and rb_econv_t::destination_encoding_name should refer static
+	  strings always or NULL.  [ruby-core:70247] [Bug #11416]
+
+Tue Aug  4 16:53:43 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): extract callback
+	  lookup to private Ruby methods. This means we can keep the default
+	  DH callback logic hidden from consumers.  Also, since the SSLSocket
+	  always has a context, we can remove conditionals about that
+	  instance.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: move callback lookup methods to private Ruby
+	  methods.
+
+Tue Aug  4 16:40:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: should not expect a method table ordering.
+	  [Feature #11414]
+
+Tue Aug 04 15:30:04 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_block_clear_env_self): clear by Qfalse instead of Qnil.
+	  [Bug #11409]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_eval.rb: add tests for this issue,
+	  written by @0x0dea.
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/988
+
+Tue Aug  4 12:12:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c: wrap long lines
+
+Tue Aug  4 09:32:30 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c: Removing duplicate doc [fix GH-987][ci skip]
+	  Patch by @ronakjangir47
+
+Tue Aug  4 09:21:58 2015  Richard Schneeman  <richard.schneeman+foo@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/contributing.rdoc: fixed wrong instructions with OS X
+	  [fix GH-989][ci skip] Patch by @schneems
+
+Mon Aug  3 10:08:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* re.c (rb_memsearch): should match only char boundaries in wide
+	  character encodings.  [ruby-core:70220] [Bug #11413]
+
+Sun Aug  2 07:01:17 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/buffering.rb (gets):
+	  avoid comparing fixnum with nil
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: test gets with limit when EOF is hit
+	  Thanks to Bar Hofesh <bar.hofesh@safe-t.com> for the bug report
+	  and testing.
+	  [ruby-core:70149] [Bug #11400]
+
+Sat Aug  1 17:13:15 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* lib/net/http/response.rb (Net::HTTPResponse::Inflater#finish):
+	  fix a bug that empty gzipped response body causes Zlib::BufError.
+	  [ruby-core:68846] [Bug #11058]
+
+	* test/net/http/test_httpresponse.rb: tests for the above.
+
+Sat Aug  1 17:05:18 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* lib/net/http/response.rb (Net::HTTPResponse#inflater):
+	  fix TypeError. An exception object might be nil.
+	  [ruby-core:68846] [Bug #11058]
+
+Sat Aug  1 09:09:46 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_sslctx_setup): Implement
+	  SSLContext#options and options= using SSL_CTX_set_options and
+	  SSL_CTX_get_options. This reduces the number of ivars we need and
+	  simplifies `ossl_sslctx_setup`.
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): Default `options`
+	  to SSL_OP_ALL
+
+Sat Aug  1 06:54:36 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): OpenSSL declares these
+	  constants as longs, so we should follow that and use LONG2NUM.
+	  https://github.com/openssl/openssl/blob/34750dc25d74e3db4c1ba43cd219d3f4825e4c65/include/openssl/ssl.h#L391
+
+Sat Aug  1 04:06:29 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_dh_callback): change callback
+	  to return the Ruby dh (or ecdh) object that the caller cares about
+	  instead of doing rb_iv_get / set to communicate.  This means we can
+	  remove an rb_iv_get call, and only use the set calls for their
+	  intended purpose (to prevent the object from being GC'd).
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_dh_callback): ditto
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_ecdh_callback): ditto
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_ecdh_callback): ditto
+
+Sat Aug  1 03:49:31 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_dh_callback): Similarly to the
+	  tmp_ecdh_callback, the SSLSocket instance always holds a reference
+	  to the SSLContext object (it's always set in `initialize`).  The
+	  SSLContext holds a reference to the tmp_dh_callback.  Ask the
+	  context for the callback instead of storing the callback in two
+	  places.
+
+Sat Aug  1 03:43:10 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_dh_callback): create an array
+	  and use `rb_apply` to clean up calls to `rb_protect`.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_dh_callback): ditto
+
+Sat Aug  1 03:27:12 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_tmp_ecdh_callback): The SSL socket
+	  always holds a reference to the SSLContext object, which will have
+	  the callback object.  Ask the context for the callback instead of
+	  storing the callback in two places.
+
+Sat Aug  1 03:14:07 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): convert
+	  `tmp_dh_callback` to Ruby, and call it when setting up an SSL
+	  connection.  This allows us to move the "default" behavior to the
+	  reader method.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: call the tmp_dh_callback instead of
+	  accessing the SSLContext's internals.
+
+Fri Jul 31 23:34:27 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* .travis.yml: update libssl before running tests.
+	  Thanks to Chris Sinjakli <chris@sinjakli.co.uk> for figuring out the
+	  travis settings!
+
+Fri Jul 31 21:34:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* load.c (rb_require_internal): use rb_load_internal0 not to raise
+	  a exception to be caught.
+
+Thu Jul 30 13:19:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* variable.c (rb_const_get_0): warn deprecated constant reference.
+
+	* variable.c (rb_mod_deprecate_constant): mark constants to be
+	  warned as deprecated.  [Feature #11398]
+
+Thu Jul 30 11:53:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_s_handle_interrupt): make identity hash, to
+	  compare masking classes just by their IDs.
+
+Thu Jul 30 11:52:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): stop separating exits at loading
+	  from exits from execution.  TAG_FATAL is the only case that
+	  `errinfo` is a Fixnum, and should continue to exit by JUMP_TAG
+	  but not raising as an ordinary exception.
+	  [ruby-core:70169] [Bug #11404]
+
+Thu Jul 30 10:42:27 2015  Alex Dowad  <alexinbeijing@gmail.com>
+
+	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): extra check before returning
+	  TAG_RAISE when a non-local transfer of control happens while
+	  loading and parsing a Ruby source file.
+	  [ruby-core:70169] [Bug #11404]
+
+Thu Jul 30 08:48:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* st.c (find_entry): constify st_table*
+	  (find_packed_index_from): ditto
+	  (find_packed_index): ditto
+	  (get_keys): ditto
+	  (get_values): ditto
+
+Thu Jul 30 04:29:25 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_dsym.rb: new benchmark
+	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_dsym_long.rb: ditto
+	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_fix.rb: ditto
+
+Wed Jul 29 21:38:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (any_hash), symbol.c (dsymbol_alloc): fix dynamic symbol
+	  hash value by restricting in Fixnum range, that is `long`.
+
+Wed Jul 29 17:25:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_obj_hash): move in order to share with rb_any_hash.
+
+Wed Jul 29 16:00:22 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (str_buf_cat): consider empty non-embed string case,
+	  not to loop infinitely.  [ruby-core:70074] [Bug #11383]
+
+Wed Jul 29 15:25:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (send_internal): set method_missing_reason before
+	  invoking overriding method_missing method so that the default
+	  method_missing can achieve it properly.
+	  [ruby-core:68515] [Bug #10969]
+
+Wed Jul 29 14:54:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_sym_hash): return same value as rb_any_hash() of
+	  Symbol.  [Bug #9381]
+
+	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): fix Float hash.  rb_dbl_hash() returns a
+	  Fixnum, but not a long.  [Bug #9381]
+
+Wed Jul 29 11:07:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* internal.h (LIKELY, UNLIKELY): make a boolean to enforce 1 or 0.
+
+Wed Jul 29 10:44:43 2015  Alex Dowad  <alexinbeijing@gmail.com>
+
+	* gc.c: document argument passed to finalizer proc.
+	  [fix GH-976][ci skip] Patch by @alexdowad
+
+Wed Jul 29 10:36:58 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_extract_modeenc): add option parameter `flags'
+	  to append extra oflags to normal mode.
+	  [Feature #11253] [ruby-core:69539]
+
+Wed Jul 29 04:54:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_remote_fetcher.rb: pre-generate test key
+	  [ruby-core:70151] [Bug #11397]
+
+Tue Jul 28 10:32:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* internal.h (struct RClass): moved from ruby/ruby.h to hide the
+	  internals.
+
+Tue Jul 28 08:48:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE): attribute declaration for
+	  types.
+
+Tue Jul 28 07:23:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* symbol.h (struct RSymbol): add hashval field
+	* symbol.c (dsymbol_alloc): setup hashval field once
+	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): return RSymbol->hashval directly
+	* common.mk: hash.o depends on symbol.h
+	  Thanks to Bruno Escherl <bruno@escherl.net> for the bug report
+	  [ruby-core:70129] [Bug #11396]
+
+Tue Jul 28 03:26:15 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): raise a more
+	  helpful exception when verifying the peer connection and an
+	  anonymous cipher has been selected. [ruby-core:68330] [Bug #10910]
+	  Thanks to Chris Sinjakli <chris@sinjakli.co.uk> for the patch.
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): test for change
+
+Mon Jul 27 13:24:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* template/id.h.tmpl (ID2ATTRSET): remove an unused macro.
+
+Mon Jul 27 12:21:15 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: run tests on non-Unix platforms.
+
+Sun Jul 26 19:21:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_alpn_protocol): fix condition
+	  to compile, needs ALPN to be available.  [Feature #9390]
+
+Sun Jul 26 11:29:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* signal.c (default_handler, Init_signal): discard SIGSYS, ENOSYS
+	  should raise a SystemCallError always instead.
+
+Sun Jul 26 10:26:35 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_call_servername_cb): set the ssl context
+	  object returned by the servername callback on to the socket as an
+	  instance variable.  If the callback allocated a new context object
+	  and didn't keep a reference to it, it could be GC'd out from under
+	  the socket object.
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): test for change.
+
+Sun Jul 26 10:07:26 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb (class OpenSSL): add test coverage around
+	  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#servername_cb
+
+Sun Jul 26 09:10:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: update latest version of bundled power_assert.
+
+Sun Jul 26 08:49:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_remote_fetcher.rb: backport rubygems upstream
+	  change for OpenSSL key length. see detail to
+	  https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/1290
+
+Sun Jul 26 08:33:03 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/pkey.rb: implement DEFAULT_512 and
+	  DEFAULT_1024 constants in Ruby.
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): Ask PKey for the
+	  default DH callback since it already must check whether openssl has
+	  been compiled with DH support.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (OSSL_PKEY_BN): Remove C definitions of
+	  DEFAULT_512 and DEFAULT_1024
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (Init_ossl_dh): ditto
+
+	* test/openssl/test_pkey_dh.rb (class OpenSSL): add test to ensure the
+	  Ruby definitions are the same as the C definitions were.
+
+Sun Jul 26 08:14:59 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): support
+	  specifically setting the tmp_dh_callback to nil.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): ditto
+
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb (module OpenSSL): add a test
+
+Sun Jul 26 07:47:14 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move the default
+	  tmp_dh_callback Ruby code and set it as a default in `initialize`.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (static unsigned char DEFAULT_DH_512_GEN):
+	  move this constant to Ruby.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (static unsigned char DEFAULT_DH_1024_GEN):
+	  ditto
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c (Init_ossl_dh): ditto
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_tmp_dh_callback): ditto
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_sslctx_setup): tmp_dh_callback should
+	  always be set, so we can remove this conditional
+
+Sun Jul 26 06:22:24 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: add a test ensuring that the default DH
+	  callback is used when no DH callback is specified.
+
+Sun Jul 26 04:08:27 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): add missing
+	  instance variables to squash warnings with alpn.
+
+Sun Jul 26 03:42:19 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb (module OpenSSL): move
+	  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#initialize implementation to pure Ruby.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_sslctx_initialize): ditto
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): ditto
+
+Sat Jul 25 21:03:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): get rid of blocking when
+	  no entropy is available.  based on the patch by mame in
+	  [ruby-core:70114].  [Bug #11395]
+
+Sat Jul 25 11:05:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (str_replace_shared_without_enc): fill the terminator
+	  of embedded strings in wide char encodings.
+
+Sat Jul 25 06:38:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: size should be unsigned.
+	  * rb_call_info_t::index
+	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::stack_max
+	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::local_size
+	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::param::size
+	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::local_table_size
+	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::is_size
+	  * rb_iseq_constant_body::callinfo_size
+
+	* iseq.h: same for iseq_catch_table::size.
+
+	* compile.c: catch up these fix.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* proc.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_args.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+Sat Jul 25 06:00:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::line_info_table.
+
+	* iseq.c: catch up this fix.
+
+Sat Jul 25 05:56:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::param::opt_table and
+	  rb_iseq_constant_body::param::keyword.
+
+	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
+
+Sat Jul 25 04:47:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::catch_table.
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_set_exception_table): catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_exec): ditto.
+
+Fri Jul 24 21:29:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* st.c (EQUAL, st_delete_safe): fix arguments order to compare
+	  function, searching key is the first and stored key is the
+	  second always.
+
+Fri Jul 24 21:27:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (fstr_update_callback): fstring must not be a shared
+	  string, or the content without RSTRING_FSTR may be freed.
+	  [ruby-dev:49188] [Bug #11386]
+
+Fri Jul 24 20:09:43 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb (RingIPv6#prepare_ipv6): prevent to use
+	  IPv6 loopback interface for
+	  Rinda::TestRingFinger#test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast and
+	  Rinda::TestRingFinger#test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast_hops.
+	  The tests are skipped if there are no IPv6 devices other than the
+	  loopback device. [Bug #11394] [ruby-dev:49199]
+
+	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb (test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast): ditto
+	  for Rinda::TestRingServer#test_make_socket_ipv6_multicast.
+
+	* test/rinda/test_rinda.rb (test_ring_server_ipv6_multicast): ditto
+	  for Rinda::TestRingServer#test_ring_server_ipv6_multicast.
+
+Fri Jul 24 16:35:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (fstr_update_callback): pool bare strings only.
+
+	* string.c (rb_fstring): return the original string with sharing a
+	  fstring if it has extra attributes, not the fstring itself.
+	  [ruby-dev:49188] [Bug #11386]
+
+Fri Jul 24 16:35:34 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_s_extname): [DOC] add an example.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_path.rb (test_extname): add tests.  [Fix GH-978]
+	  * path starts with dot ('.a.rb')
+	  * path includes dir name ('a/b/d/test.rb')
+	  * path includes dir name and dir name starts with dot
+	    ('.a/b/d/test.rb')
+
+Thu Jul 23 18:50:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::local_table and
+	  rb_iseq_param_keyword::table and
+	  rb_iseq_param_keyword::default_values.
+
+	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+Thu Jul 23 17:30:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_constant_body::iseq_encoded and
+	  rb_control_frame_t::pc.
+
+	* compile.c (rb_iseq_translate_threaded_code): catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_exec.c (vm_exec_core): ditto.
+
+Thu Jul 23 10:25:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: add raw FL macros, which assume always the
+	  argument object is not a special constant.
+
+	* internal.h (STR_EMBED_P, STR_SHARED_P): valid only for T_STRING.
+
+	* string.c: deal with taint flags directly across String instances.
+
+Thu Jul 23 09:05:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (lambda_body): pop cmdarg stack for lookahead
+	  token.  [ruby-core:70067] [Bug #11380]
+
+Thu Jul 23 04:03:03 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: fix tests by not setting the instance
+	  variable on the frozen ssl instance.
+
+Thu Jul 23 03:32:26 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: add ECDH callback support. [Feature #11356]
+
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb: test for ECDH callback support
+
+Thu Jul 23 03:29:49 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: add ALPN support. [Feature #9390]
+
+	* ext/openssl/extconf.rb: detect ALPN support in OpenSSL
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: test for ALPN
+
+Wed Jul 22 23:44:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_reverse): reversed string is not a substring,
+	  and should not set coderange of the original string.
+	  [ruby-dev:49189] [Bug #11387]
+
+Wed Jul 22 20:17:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: modify layout of rb_iseq_constant_body.
+
+	  Move frequent accessing fields to upper part.
+
+Wed Jul 22 19:57:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove unused declaration of
+	  iseq_compile_data_ensure_node_stack.
+
+Wed Jul 22 19:52:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: separate rb_iseq_body into rb_iseq_constant_body and
+	  rb_iseq_variable_body (rb_iseq_t::variable_body).
+
+	  rb_iseq_variable_body can be modified after compilation.
+
+	* compile.c: use rb_iseq_t::variable_body.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* thread.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Jul 22 17:50:35 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/matrix/eigenvalue_decomposition.rb: refine code style.
+	  [fix GH-959][ci skip] Patch by @bogdanvlviv
+
+Wed Jul 22 15:48:47 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_range.rb: Add test case for Range#end with
+	  exclude_end true case. [fix GH-968] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Wed Jul 22 09:45:31 2015  Maksim Sitnikov  <sitnikovme@undev.ru>
+
+	* numeric.c (num_coerce): [DOC] fix doc for Numeric#coerce,
+	  missing '+'.  [Fix GH-974]
+
+Wed Jul 22 07:24:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* make rb_iseq_t T_IMEMO object (type is imemo_iseq).
+
+	  All contents of previous rb_iseq_t is in rb_iseq_t::body.
+	  Remove rb_iseq_t::self because rb_iseq_t is an object.
+
+	  RubyVM::InstructionSequence is wrapper object points T_IMEMO/iseq.
+	  So RubyVM::ISeq.of(something) method returns different wrapper
+	  objects but they point the same T_IMEMO/iseq object.
+
+	  This patch is big, but most of difference is replacement of
+	  iseq->xxx to iseq->body->xxx.
+
+	  (previous) rb_iseq_t::compile_data is also located to
+	  rb_iseq_t::compile_data.
+	  It was moved from rb_iseq_body::compile_data.
+
+	  Now rb_iseq_t has empty two pointers.
+	  I will split rb_iseq_body data into static data and dynamic data.
+
+	* compile.c: rename some functions/macros.
+	  Now, we don't need to separate iseq and iseqval (only VALUE).
+
+	* eval.c (ruby_exec_internal): `n' is rb_iseq_t (T_IMEMO/iseq).
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (count_imemo_objects): count T_IMEMO/iseq.
+
+	* gc.c: check T_IMEMO/iseq.
+
+	* internal.h: add imemo_type::imemo_iseq.
+
+	* iseq.c: define RubyVM::InstructionSequence as T_OBJECT.
+	  Methods are implemented by functions named iseqw_....
+
+	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): rb_iseq_new_top() returns
+	  rb_iseq_t (T_IMEMO/iesq).
+
+	* method.h (rb_add_method_iseq): accept rb_iseq_t (T_IMEMO/iseq).
+
+	* vm_core.h (GetISeqPtr): removed because it is not T_DATA now.
+
+	* vm_core.h (struct rb_iseq_body): remove padding for
+	  [Bug #10037][ruby-core:63721].
+
+Wed Jul 22 07:15:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (total_i): no need to skip singleton classes.
+
+Wed Jul 22 06:37:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_call_info_t::kw_arg,
+	  rb_control_frame_t::iseq and rb_control_frame_t::block_iseq.
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_free): catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Jul 22 06:25:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_call_info_t::blockiseq and rb_block_t::iseq.
+
+	* vm.c, vm_insnhelper.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_data_to_ary): constify the first iseq parameter.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_make_proc_with_iseq): ditto.
+
+Wed Jul 22 06:17:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: constify rb_method_iseq_t::iseqptr.
+
+	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_min_max_arity): catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (def_iseq_ptr): constify.
+
+Wed Jul 22 03:37:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (internal_object_p): Now a singleton classes appear by
+	  ObjectSpace.each_object. [Bug #11360]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_objectspace.rb: add a test about it.
+
+Tue Jul 21 21:21:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (do_select): replace switch and goto with a loop to
+	  suppress maybe-uninitialized warnings by gcc6.
+
+	* thread.c (set_unblock_function, rb_wait_for_single_fd): ditto.
+
+Tue Jul 21 20:32:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_range.rb: Add test for Range#hash
+	  [fix GH-969] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Tue Jul 21 19:43:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* compile.c: constify the first parameter (iseq).
+	  * iseq_add_mark_object()
+	  * iseq_add_mark_object_compile_time()
+
+	* iseq.c, iseq.h (rb_iseq_add_mark_object): ditto.
+
+Tue Jul 21 16:18:48 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: increase buffer sizes
+	  to OpenBSD limits. Thanks to Jeremy Evans <code@jeremyevans.net>
+	  [ruby-core:70058]
+
+Tue Jul 21 16:08:53 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* load.c (ruby_dln_librefs): make static
+
+Tue Jul 21 13:36:54 2015  yuuji.yaginuma  <yuuji.yaginuma@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/optparse.rb (complete): [DOC] fix typo.  [Fix GH-973]
+
+Tue Jul 21 05:20:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* io.c (nogvl_wait_for_single_fd): new function for Linux
+	  (maygvl_copy_stream_wait_read): Linux-specific version
+	  (nogvl_copy_stream_wait_write): use nogvl_wait_for_single_fd
+	  [ruby-core:70051] [Feature #11377]
+
+Mon Jul 20 15:04:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parser_initialize): avoid redundant zero-ing
+
+Mon Jul 20 12:12:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* parse.y (struct parser_params): pack: 88 => 256 bytes on 64-bit
+	  [ruby-core:70034] [Feature #11371]
+
+Sun Jul 19 14:29:18 2015  windwiny  <windwiny.ubt@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/pty/pty.c: [DOC] fix example typo, an old name at move from
+	  PTY.open.  [Fix GH-972]
+
+Sat Jul 18 21:29:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (vm_check_ints_blocking): gather common statements at
+	  the end, and prefer LIKELY for Visual C optimization.
+
+Sat Jul 18 20:44:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* load.c (rb_load_internal0): do not raise any exceptions but
+	  return the result tag state.
+
+	* load.c (rb_load_protect): reduce nested EXEC_TAGs.
+
+Sat Jul 18 19:52:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.c (run_finalizer): set and restore safe level here to reduce
+	  nested EXEC_TAGs.
+
+Sat Jul 18 18:45:22 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* eval.c (ruby_cleanup): error_handle() returns exit status to the
+	  system, not internal error state, do not convert the exit status
+	  again.
+
+Sat Jul 18 10:29:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: test thread+sigs work after failed exec
+
+Sat Jul 18 07:20:18 2015  Jeremy Evans  <code@jeremyevans.net>
+
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock: use smaller buffer for sendmsg
+	  [ruby-core:70016] [Bug #11364]
+
+Sat Jul 18 07:04:24 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* signal.c (trap_handler): cleanup to use RSTRING_GETMEM + memcmp
+
+Sat Jul 18 02:53:06 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* io.c (argf_read_nonblock): support `exception: false'
+	  (io_nonblock_eof): new function
+	  (io_read_nonblock): use io_nonblock_eof
+	  (argf_getpartial): accept kwargs hash for `exception: false'
+	* test/ruby/test_argf.rb (test_read_nonblock): new test
+	* NEWS: add item for ARGF.read_nonblock
+	  [ruby-core:70000] [Feature #11358]
+
+Fri Jul 17 23:51:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_eval_cmd): $SAFE=4 has been deprecated.
+
+Fri Jul 17 22:18:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): use enum ruby_tag_type names.
+
+	* vm_core.h (ruby_tag_type): move from eval_intern.h for compiling
+	  break/next/redo/return.
+
+Fri Jul 17 15:39:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/encoding.h (ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P): predicate that
+	  tells if the coderange is clean, that is 7bit or valid, and no
+	  needs to scrub.
+
+	* re.c (rb_reg_expr_str): use ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAN_P.
+
+	* string.c (enc_strlen, rb_enc_cr_str_buf_cat, rb_str_scrub):
+	  ditto.
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_enumerate_chars): ditto, and suppress a warning
+	  by gcc6.
+
+Fri Jul 17 15:36:52 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_range.rb (test_first_last): Add test for
+	  `Range.new`.  [Fix GH-971]
+
+Fri Jul 17 15:36:40 2015  yui-knk  <spiketeika@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_range.rb (test_first_last): Add assertions to
+	  test of `Range#last` with exclude_end true case.  [Fix GH-970]
+
+Fri Jul 17 09:59:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_alone): simplify
+
+Fri Jul 17 09:58:32 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/rinda/tuplespace.rb: remove enumerator require
+	* test/pathname/test_pathname.rb: ditto
+
+Fri Jul 17 05:33:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_compile_with_option): reuse result of previous
+	  GET_THREAD() call
+	* thread.c (thread_create_core): ditto
+	  (rb_mutex_trylock): ditto
+	  (rb_mutex_lock): ditto
+	* process.c (rb_waitpid): avoid multiple eval from RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_check_ints): ditto
+
+Thu Jul 16 19:12:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* thread.c (mutex_alloc): remove needless volatile
+
+Thu Jul 16 22:05:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: constify rb_iseq_t::parent_iseq.
+
+	  rb_iseq_t::local_iseq is not constant data because
+	  local_iseq::flip_cnt can be modified (commented).
+
+	* compile.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+Thu Jul 16 21:47:47 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* process.c (redirect_dup2): when the new FD of dup2() conflicts
+	  with one of the timer thread FDs, the internal FD is diverted.
+	  [Bug #11336] [ruby-core:69886] [Bug #11350] [ruby-core:69961]
+
+	* process.c (dup2_with_divert): new function for the above purpose.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (rb_divert_reserved_fd): new function for
+	  diverting reserved FD. If the given FD is the same as one of the
+	  reserved FDs, the reserved FD number is internally changed.
+	  It returns -1 when error. Otherwise, returns 0. It also returns
+	  0 if there is no need to change reserved FD number.
+
+	* thread_win32.c (rb_divert_reserved_fd): always returns 0 because
+	  of no reserved FDs.
+
+	* internal.h (rb_divert_reserved_fd): prototype declaration.
+	  It is Ruby internal use only.
+
+Thu Jul 16 21:47:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_disasm): rename rb_iseq_t *iseqdat to iseq
+	  and VALUE *iseq to code.
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_disasm_insn): ditto.
+
+Thu Jul 16 14:34:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm.c (REWIND_CFP): keep the arguments region inside the valid
+	  value stack.  [ruby-core:69969] [Bug #11352]
+
+Thu Jul 16 11:38:21 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* process.c (close_unless_reserved): declare type of `fd' arg
+
+Thu Jul 16 08:47:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* load.c (rb_construct_expanded_load_path): fstring expanded path
+	  (get_loaded_features_index): fstring feature path
+	  (rb_provide_feature): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69871] [Feature #11331]
+
+Thu Jul 16 02:56:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* thread.c (thread_initialize): avoid RSTRING_PTR and NUMT2INT
+
+Thu Jul 16 01:00:46 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb (test_exec_close_reserved_fd): test for
+	  [Bug #11353]
+
+Thu Jul 16 00:35:42 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* .gitignore: ignore version.i.
+
+Wed Jul 15 23:40:32 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb (test_deadlock_by_signal_at_forking):
+	  use RUBY (= EnvUtil.rubybin)
+
+Wed Jul 15 23:01:22 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* process.c (redirect_close, parent_redirect_close): should not close
+	  reserved FD. It should be closed in the exec system call due to the
+	  O_CLOEXEC or FD_CLOEXEC flag. [Bug #11353] [ruby-core:69977]
+
+	* process.c (close_unless_reserved): new function to close FD unless
+	  it is reserved for internal communication.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (rb_reserved_fd_p): should check owner_process pid
+	  to avoid false positive in forked child process.
+
+Wed Jul 15 18:31:18 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_mark): remove redundant check
+	* vm.c (env_mark): ditto
+
+Wed Jul 15 17:27:40 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_mark): remove check for data pointer
+	* proc.c (binding_mark): ditto
+	* vm.c (rb_thread_mark): ditto
+	* vm_trace.c (tp_mark): ditto
+
+Wed Jul 15 16:55:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* encoding.c (enc_autoload): drop dummy encoding flag from
+	  the loaded encoding index.  this flag is used only in this
+	  source.
+
+Wed Jul 15 14:39:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): add comments about env layout.
+	  Do not use `i' to specify `new_ep'.
+
+	* vm.c (rb_proc_create, rb_vm_make_proc_lambda): envval is not used.
+
+Wed Jul 15 08:59:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.h (RUBY_MARK_UNLESS_NULL): evaluate the argument only once
+	  to get rid of inadvertent side effects.
+
+Wed Jul 15 02:53:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h, vm.c: remove rb_proc_t::envval because we can know it via
+	  rb_proc_t::block::ep.
+
+	  rb_vm_proc_envval(const rb_proc_t *proc) returns an Env object which
+	  the Proc object use.
+
+	* proc.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_dump.c (rb_vmdebug_proc_dump_raw): ditto.
+
+Wed Jul 15 02:27:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h, vm.c: remove rb_env_t::prev_envval because we can know it
+	  via env->ep.
+
+	  rb_vm_env_prev_envval(env) returns prev_envval via env->ep.
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_env_local_variables): change parameter type
+	  from VALUE (T_DATA/env) to `const rb_env_t *' to make same as
+	  rb_vm_env_prev_envval().
+
+	* proc.c: catch up these changes.
+
+	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm.c: rename macros.
+
+	  * ENV_IN_HEAP_P() to VM_EP_IN_HEAP_P() because it uses ep.
+	  * ENV_VAL() to VM_ENV_EP_ENVVAL() because it is too short.
+
+Wed Jul 15 01:09:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c: refactoring Proc/Env related code.
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove blockprocval field from rb_proc_t and rb_binding_t.
+	  Instead of this field, mark given block in Proc at rb_env_t::env.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_make_env_each): make an Env object with this layout.
+	  And also simplify parameters.
+
+	* proc.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_env_t::local_size because it is not used.
+
+	* vm_dump.c (rb_vmdebug_env_dump_raw): catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_make_env_object): remove rb_vm_make_env_object()
+	  because it is only referred from vm.c.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (eval_string_with_cref): catch up this fix.
+
+Wed Jul 15 00:03:36 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* gc.c (__has_feature): move into internal.h.
+
+	* internal.h (__has_feature): ditto.
+
+	* internal.h (__has_extension): new macro.
+
+	* internal.h (STATIC_ASSERT): use _Static_assert with
+	  clang. [ruby-core:69931] [Bug #11343]
+
+Wed Jul 15 00:00:00 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): fix compile error with
+	  clang. [ruby-core:69931] [Bug #11343]
+
+Tue Jul 14 11:22:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#register):
+	  notify the handler thread of new timeout registration.
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (WEBrick::Utils::TimeoutHandler#initialize):
+	  make sleep intervals adaptive than fixed period intervals.
+
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb (WEBrick::GenericServer#start): flush
+	  shutdown pipe.
+
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb (WEBrick::GenericServer#stop): request the
+	  server to stop immediately by sending data via shutdown pipe.
+
+Mon Jul 13 23:58:08 2015  Stefano Tortarolo  <stefano.tortarolo@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/webrick/httpproxy.rb (WEBrick::HTTPProxyServer#do_CONNECT):
+	  fix typos in debugger statements.  [Fix GH-967]
+
+Mon Jul 13 19:11:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/timeout.rb (timeout): warn as deprecated for a long time.
+
+Mon Jul 13 01:37:27 2015  Zachary Scott  <zzak@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl.c: [DOC] Backport ruby/openssl@dbb3fdb [Bug #11345]
+	  Thanks to Tomoya Chiba for the report and help with patch.
+
+Sun Jul 12 09:20:02 2015  Shota Fukumori  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c: [DOC] typo (Errno::AGAIN -> Errno::EAGAIN)
+
+	* ext/socket/socket.c: ditto
+
+	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c: ditto
+
+	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c: ditto
+
+	* ext/socket/unixserver.c: ditto
+
+	* io.c: ditto
+
+Sun Jul 12 06:42:23 2015  ksss  <co000ri@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/stringio/test_stringio.rb (test_sysread): add a test for
+	  StringIO#sysread.  [Fix GH-966]
+
+Sat Jul 11 21:16:34 2015  ksss  <co000ri@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (Init_stringio): [DOC] Fix an example,
+	  StringIO#puts should be set "\n" at last.  [Fix GH-965]
+
+Sat Jul 11 12:45:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/timeout.rb (Timeout#timeout): remove regexp with wrong line
+	  number and fix caller depth.
+
+Fri Jul 10 22:05:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/timeout.rb (ExitException): removed internal exception class
+	  and use Timeout::Error instead, as using throw/catch to isolate
+	  each timeouts now.  [ruby-dev:49179] [Bug #11344]
+
+Fri Jul 10 17:41:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (is_case_sensitive): get attributes by the file descriptor
+	  of open directory, instead of using mount point name.
+
+Fri Jul 10 10:46:02 2015  ksss  <co000ri@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (writable): remove unnecessary check for
+	  deprecated safe level 4.  [Fix GH-963]
+
+Thu Jul  9 15:07:12 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (waitpid): return immediately if interrupted.
+	  reported by <takkanm AT gmail.com> [ruby-dev:49176] [Bug #11340]
+
+Thu Jul  9 13:03:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_super_method): use CI_SET_FASTPATH().
+
+Thu Jul  9 11:07:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_call_info_t::klass because
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t has information about defined class.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_method): don't set ci->klass because
+	  it is removed.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_equal_opt): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_superclass): removed because it is too
+	  simple to write code directly.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): don't use vm_search_superclass().
+	  This fix avoid searching current callable `me' twice.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_super_method): ditto.
+
+Thu Jul  9 10:03:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http/responses.rb: Added 308 status to CODE_TO_OBJ list.
+	  [fix GH-961] Patch by @billinghamj
+
+Thu Jul  9 09:34:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_control_frame_t): fix comments (layout index).
+
+Thu Jul  9 09:25:50 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* parse.y: Improve duplicate key warning with patch by @andremedeiros
+	  [Fix GH-938] https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/938 [Bug #11327]
+
+Wed Jul  8 07:43:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/csv.rb: typo fix [ci skip][fix GH-958] Patch by @henrik
+
+Wed Jul  8 04:42:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_data_to_ary): dump kw_arg as symbol
+	* test/-ext-/iseq_load/test_iseq_load.rb: test kw_arg roundtrip
+	  [ruby-core:69891] [Bug #11338]
+
+Tue Jul  7 18:18:41 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): fix compile error.
+
+Tue Jul  7 16:47:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* compile.c (COMPILE_ERROR): reduce GET_THREAD() calls
+
+Tue Jul  7 16:39:04 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes_syscall): return -1 for error
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes): try urandom on syscall failure
+
+Tue Jul  7 15:02:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_str_normalize_ospath): skip invalid byte sequence not
+	  to loop infinitely.  this case usually does not happen as the
+	  input name should come from real file systems.
+
+Tue Jul  7 14:40:08 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_backtrace.c: remove debug flag introduced accidentally.
+
+Tue Jul  7 12:05:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* cont.c (cont_free): remove mysterious fflush()
+	  introduced at r19890, maybe accidentally.
+
+Tue Jul  7 11:45:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_method_call): because data->me should be non-NULL,
+	  do not check data->me
+
+	* proc.c (method_inspect): ditto.
+
+Tue Jul  7 11:37:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_iseq_t::orig because rb_iseq_clone()
+	  no longer exists.
+
+	* iseq.c: don't use rb_iseq_t::orig.
+
+Tue Jul 07 11:25:57 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c, internal.h (rb_iseq_clone): removed because we don't need to
+	  clone iseq any more.
+
+	* class.c (clone_method): share iseq between cloned methods. All of
+	  method dependent information are able to refer from method entry.
+
+Tue Jul  7 04:42:25 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* string.c (Init_String): use rb_str_freeze for String#freeze
+	  to resize internal buffer
+	  [ruby-core:69870] [Feature #11330]
+
+Tue Jul  7 04:12:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_define_method): remove an unused local variable.
+
+Tue Jul  7 03:57:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_iseq_t::defined_method_id because it is not
+	  needed.
+
+	* eval.c (frame_func_id): simplify. rb_callable_method_entry_t
+	  has enough information.
+
+	* eval.c (frame_called_id): ditto.
+
+	* iseq.c (prepare_iseq_build): catch up this fix.
+
+	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): ditto.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_define_method): ditto.
+
+Tue Jul  7 03:47:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove a useless declaration.
+
+Tue Jul  7 03:33:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_iseq_t::klass to reduce dynamic data.
+
+	* internal.h, iseq.c (rb_iseq_klass): remove it because
+	  rb_iseq_t::klass is removed.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_super_outside): do not see cfp->iseq, but
+	  check callable method entry on a frame.
+	  This fix simplify the logic to search super class.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: support super() from Proc.
+	  Now, [Bug #4881] and [Bug #3136] was solved.
+
+	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): catch up this change.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_define_method): ditto.
+
+	* vm_backtrace.c (rb_profile_frames): now, each `frame' objects
+	  are rb_callable_method_entry_t data or iseq VALUEs.
+
+	  This fix introduce minor compatibility issue that
+	  rb_profile_frame_label() always returns
+	  rb_profile_frame_base_label().
+
+	* test/-ext-/debug/test_profile_frames.rb: catch up this change.
+
+Tue Jul  7 01:52:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* cont.c (fiber_init): initialize control frame correctly.
+	  This fix does not affect any ordinal execution, but
+	  affects debug prints.
+
+Mon Jul  6 17:59:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_search_super_method): do not skip calling
+	  same methods in super.
+	  [Bug #3351]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_super.rb: fix a test.
+
+Mon Jul  6 17:59:11 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c: removed deprecated safe level.
+
+Mon Jul  6 17:16:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h, proc.c (rb_method_entry_location): make it static
+	  and remove prefix `rb_' because it is used only in proc.c.
+
+Mon Jul  6 16:42:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/memory_status.rb: removed redundant path.
+
+Mon Jul  6 01:18:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit/parallel.rb: make @@project_dir one level
+	  upper as this file had moved one level deeper.
+
+Sun Jul  5 23:54:10 2015  mizokami  <suzunatsu@yahoo.com>
+
+	* lib/optparse.rb: [DOC] Fix typo.
+
+Sun Jul  5 18:25:37 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_profile_record_get): fix spelling error in keys
+
+Sun Jul  5 14:49:01 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* README.md: fix a typo pointed out by raoulvdberge.
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/953#commitcomment-11998186
+
+Sun Jul  5 12:56:20 2015  Irvi Firqotul Aini  <viarc7@gmail.com>
+
+	* README.md: Added link HowToReport bugs.
+
+Sun Jul  5 10:51:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_sort_bang): the original array may not be
+	  embedded even if a substitution array is embedded, as it is
+	  embedded when the original array is short enough but not
+	  embedded.  [ruby-dev:49166] [Bug #11332]
+
+Sun Jul  5 09:31:40 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: test for fd=3 usability in child
+
+Sat Jul  4 19:43:31 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Add test case for empty array and first method with args.
+	  Patch by @yui-knk [fix GH-955]
+
+Sat Jul  4 19:39:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Add test for `Enumerable#sort` with block. Patch by @yui-knk
+	  [fix GH-954]
+
+Sat Jul  4 14:38:43 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* enum.c (zip_ary): remove volatile, use RB_GC_GUARD
+	  (zip_i): ditto
+
+Sat Jul  4 10:42:57 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb (teardown): do not delete features
+	  loaded from the original load paths, the same libraries should
+	  be loaded again when the same features are required.
+	  [ruby-dev:49031] [Bug #11222]
+
+Sat Jul  4 09:38:52 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* vm.c (rb_vm_mark): reduce branches for always-set VM fields
+	  (rb_vm_add_root_module): ditto
+
+Fri Jul 03 20:05:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: introduce rb_callable_method_entry_t to remove
+	  rb_control_frame_t::klass.
+	  [Bug #11278], [Bug #11279]
+
+	  rb_method_entry_t data belong to modules/classes.
+	  rb_method_entry_t::owner points defined module or class.
+
+	    module M
+	      def foo; end
+	    end
+
+	  In this case, owner is M.
+
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t data belong to only classes.
+	  For modules, MRI creates corresponding T_ICLASS internally.
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t can also belong to T_ICLASS.
+
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t::defined_class points T_CLASS or
+	  T_ICLASS.
+	  rb_method_entry_t data for classes (not for modules) are also
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t data because it is completely same data.
+	  In this case, rb_method_entry_t::owner == rb_method_entry_t::defined_class.
+
+	  For example, there are classes C and D, and includes M,
+
+	    class C; include M; end
+	    class D; include M; end
+
+	  then, two T_ICLASS objects for C's super class and D's super class
+	  will be created.
+
+	  When C.new.foo is called, then M#foo is searched and
+	  rb_callable_method_t data is used by VM to invoke M#foo.
+
+	  rb_method_entry_t data is only one for M#foo.
+	  However, rb_callable_method_entry_t data are two (and can be more).
+	  It is proportional to the number of including (and prepending)
+	  classes (the number of T_ICLASS which point to the module).
+
+	  Now, created rb_callable_method_entry_t are collected when
+	  the original module M was modified. We can think it is a cache.
+
+	  We need to select what kind of method entry data is needed.
+	  To operate definition, then you need to use rb_method_entry_t.
+
+	  You can access them by the following functions.
+
+	  * rb_method_entry(VALUE klass, ID id);
+	  * rb_method_entry_with_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
+	  * rb_method_entry_without_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
+	  * rb_resolve_refined_method(VALUE refinements, const rb_method_entry_t *me);
+
+	  To invoke methods, then you need to use rb_callable_method_entry_t
+	  which you can get by the following APIs corresponding to the
+	  above listed functions.
+
+	  * rb_callable_method_entry(VALUE klass, ID id);
+	  * rb_callable_method_entry_with_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
+	  * rb_callable_method_entry_without_refinements(VALUE klass, ID id);
+	  * rb_resolve_refined_method_callable(VALUE refinements, const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me);
+
+	  VM pushes rb_callable_method_entry_t, so that rb_vm_frame_method_entry()
+	  returns rb_callable_method_entry_t.
+	  You can check a super class of current method by
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t::defined_class.
+
+	* method.h: renamed from rb_method_entry_t::klass to
+	  rb_method_entry_t::owner.
+
+	* internal.h: add rb_classext_struct::callable_m_tbl to cache
+	  rb_callable_method_entry_t data.
+
+	  We need to consider about this field again because it is only
+	  active for T_ICLASS.
+
+	* class.c (method_entry_i): ditto.
+
+	* class.c (rb_define_attr): rb_method_entry() does not takes
+	  defined_class_ptr.
+
+	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): mark RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL() for T_ICLASS.
+
+	* cont.c (fiber_init): rb_control_frame_t::klass is removed.
+
+	* proc.c: fix `struct METHOD' data structure because
+	  rb_callable_method_t has all information.
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove several fields.
+	  * rb_control_frame_t::klass.
+	  * rb_block_t::klass.
+
+	  And catch up changes.
+
+	* eval.c: catch up changes.
+
+	* gc.c: ditto.
+
+	* insns.def: ditto.
+
+	* vm.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_args.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_backtrace.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Fri Jul  3 14:30:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/file.c: some mingw compilers need a tweek for the
+	  declarations of _wfreopen_s.  [Bug #11320]
+
+Fri Jul  3 12:25:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* transcode.c (rb_econv_set_replacement): target encoding name can
+	  be empty now.  [ruby-core:69841] [Bug #11324]
+
+Fri Jul  3 07:21:06 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_io_nonblock_noex.rb: new benchmark
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (no_exception_p): new function
+	  (ossl_start_ssl): adjust for no_exception_p
+	  (ossl_ssl_connect): adjust ossl_start_ssl call
+	  (ossl_ssl_connect_nonblock): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_accept): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_accept_nonblock): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_read_internal): adjust for no_exception_p
+	  (ossl_ssl_write_internal): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_write): adjust ossl_write_internal call
+	  (ossl_ssl_write_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_read_nonblock):
+	  delay exception check
+	* io.c (no_exception_p): new function
+	  (io_getpartial): call no_exception_p
+	  (io_readpartial): adjust for io_getpartial
+	  (get_kwargs_exception): remove
+	  (io_read_nonblock): adjust for io_getpartial,
+	  check no_exception_p on EOF
+	  (io_write_nonblock): call no_exception_p
+	  (rb_io_write_nonblock): do not check `exception: false'
+	  (argf_getpartial): adjust for io_getpartial
+	  [ruby-core:69778] [Feature #11318]
+
+Fri Jul  3 07:13:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): Win32 API does not set errno, get
+	  the last error by GetLastError() and map to errno.  [Bug #10015]
+
+Thu Jul  2 21:32:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): show warnings at errors.
+	  [Bug #10015]
+
+Thu Jul  2 18:39:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: remove `#define RGENGC_OBJ_INFO 1' line introduced to
+	  debug Bug #11244.
+
+Thu Jul  2 18:34:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_raw_obj_info): separated from rb_obj_info().
+	  Fill internal object information into passed buffer.
+
+	* gc.h: declare rb_raw_obj_info().
+
+Thu Jul  2 16:15:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): update path type by the target
+	  attributes if possible, to improve the performance.  [Bug #10015]
+
+Thu Jul  2 14:45:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* st.c: get rid of VC++'s warnings of C4700 (uninitialized local
+	  variable used).  I think that these are wrong, but should shut them
+	  up.
+
+Thu Jul  2 14:15:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems.rb (Gem.load_path_insert_index): search
+	  @gem_prelude_index first.
+
+	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb (Gem::TestCase#setup): keep already
+	  expanded paths to preserve instance variables.
+
+Thu Jul  2 14:12:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby.c (process_options): also copy initial load path marks at
+	  setting load paths encoding.
+
+Thu Jul  2 12:26:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_server.rb (process_based_port): use
+	  dynamically chosen port numbers to get rid of conflicts.
+
+Thu Jul  2 11:58:59 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_specification.rb: skip tests which the
+	  platform does not permit the filename of its test file.
+
+Thu Jul  2 11:36:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_resolver_git_specification.rb: require
+	  rubygems/installer.rb before Gem::TestCase#setup runs, otherwise
+	  as Gem::TestCase#teardown restores $LOADED_FEATURES to the state
+	  at that time, the requiring the file in GitSpecification#install
+	  method causes a lot of constant redefinitions.
+
+Thu Jul  2 10:43:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: flags for common socket families
+	  (rsock_getfamily): update signature
+	* include/ruby/io.h: comment socket FMODE flags
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_getfamily): memoize family
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c: adjust rsock_getfamily calls
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c: ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69713] [Feature #11298]
+
+Thu Jul  2 10:30:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/resolver.rb: fixed NameError of Gem::Util::NULL_DEVICE.
+
+Thu Jul  2 09:51:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/resolver.rb: fix error of null device reference with DOSISH
+	  platform.
+
+Thu Jul  2 06:49:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems HEAD(c202db2).
+	  this version contains many enhancements see
+	  https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/blob/c202db2d681eb3c3a02f187d346fbb2e8d733b26/History.txt#L3
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Wed Jul  1 23:50:34 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* test/net/http/test_httpresponse.rb
+	(HTTPResponseTest#test_read_body_content_encoding_deflate_uppercase):
+	fix a failure without zlib.
+
+Wed Jul  1 10:54:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Add test for Enumerable#none? [fix GH-950] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Wed Jul  1 09:30:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* struct.c (struct_set_members): hide internal back_members
+	  object, and members object does not need to be duped as it
+	  should be frozen and hidden.
+
+Wed Jul  1 09:28:47 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* struct.c (struct_member_pos): revert r51080 to fix other
+	  implicit conversions but cast the return value to fix the
+	  previous implicit conversion.
+
+Wed Jul  1 08:47:24 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* struct.c (struct_member_pos): avoid implicit conversion loses
+	  integer precision: 'long' to 'int'.
+
+Wed Jul  1 05:57:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_add_method_iseq): add RB_GC_GUARD
+	* class.c (clone_method): remove RB_GC_GUARD
+	* struct.c (define_aref_method): ditto
+	  (define_aset_method): ditto
+	* vm.c (vm_define_method):
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_clone): add RB_GC_GUARD
+
+Wed Jul  1 05:43:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* struct.c (AREF_HASH_THRESHOLD): new macro
+	  (id_back_members): new ID
+	  (struct_member_pos_ideal): new function
+	  (struct_member_pos_probe): ditto
+	  (struct_set_members): ditto
+	  (struct_member_pos): ditto
+	  (rb_struct_getmember): use struct_member_pos for O(1) access
+	  (rb_struct_aref_sym): ditto
+	  (rb_struct_aset_sym): ditto
+	  (setup_struct): call struct_set_members
+	  (struct_define_without_accessor): ditto
+	  (Init_Struct): initialize __members_back__
+	  [ruby-core:66851] [ruby-core:69705] [ruby-core:69821]
+
+Tue Jun 30 23:12:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): FilePathValue() ensures the path
+	  NUL-terminated and frozen, so it is unnecessary to make it shared.
+
+Tue Jun 30 23:11:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (check_dirname): ensure path name NUL-terminated for
+	  SHARABLE_MIDDLE_SUBSTRING.
+
+	* io.c (rb_sysopen): ditto.
+
+Tue Jun 30 18:38:16 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_freopen): need to terminate by NUL.
+
+Tue Jun 30 17:28:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_reopen): freopen(3) with OS encoding path.
+	  [ruby-core:69780] [Bug #11320]
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_freopen): wrapper of wchar version freopen(3).
+	  use _wfreopen_s() if available.
+
+Tue Jun 30 08:24:08 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_oflags_modestr): handle O_TRUNC correctly
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb (test_reopen_stdio): new test
+	  Patch-by: cremno phobia <cremno@mail.ru>
+	  [ruby-core:69779] [Bug #11319]
+
+Tue Jun 30 02:47:02 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/st.h (struct st_table): hide struct list_head
+	* st.c (struct st_table_entry): adjust struct
+	  (head, tail): remove shortcut macros
+	  (st_head): new wrapper function
+	  (st_init_table_with_size): adjust to new struct and API
+	  (st_clear): ditto
+	  (add_direct): ditto
+	  (unpack_entries): ditto
+	  (rehash): ditto
+	  (st_copy): ditto
+	  (remove_entry): ditto
+	  (st_shift): ditto
+	  (st_foreach_check): ditto
+	  (st_foreach): ditto
+	  (get_keys): ditto
+	  (get_values): ditto
+	  (st_values_check): ditto
+	  (st_reverse_foreach_check): ditto (unused)
+	  (st_reverse_foreach): ditto (unused)
+	  [ruby-core:69726] [Misc #10278]
+
+Mon Jun 29 17:38:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* insns.def (defineclass): do not quote unprintable characters at
+	  raising an exception.
+
+Mon Jun 29 16:01:24 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http/response.rb (inflater): CONTENT_ENCODING can be upper
+	  case. [ruby-core:69670] [Bug #11285] patched by Andy Chu
+
+Mon Jun 29 14:50:08 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* eval.c (add_activated_refinement): should not include the original
+	  class.
+
+Mon Jun 29 12:09:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* README.md: tweak styles. [fix GH-945][ci skip] Patch by @bryndyment
+
+Mon Jun 29 07:23:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* template/sizes.c.tmpl: extract RUBY_DEFINT to define sizes of
+	  types checked by configure.in, and fix size of intptr_t in
+	  universal binary.
+
+Mon Jun 29 02:10:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* insns.def (defineclass): preserve encoding of name in error
+	  messages for super class mismatch.
+
+	* insns.def (defineclass): preserve encoding of name in error
+	  messages for non-class super.
+
+	* insns.def (defineclass): preserve encoding of name in error
+	  messages when already defined but type mismatch.
+
+Sun Jun 28 12:07:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* class.c (rb_define_class_id_under): raise TypeError exception
+	  same as ruby level class definition when superclass mismatch.
+
+Sun Jun 14 19:02:03 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (makeport): close the TCPServer
+	  when sending the port fails.
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb: test for above.
+
+Fri Jun 26 12:48:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* transcode.c (load_transcoder_entry): fix transcoder loading race
+	  condition, by waiting in require.  [ruby-dev:49106] [Bug #11277]
+
+Fri Jun 26 07:53:56 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_minmax): simplify return value creation
+	* test/ruby/test_enum.rb: test behavior on empty
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_fetch_m): remove unnecessary volatile since r41597
+	  (env_reject_bang): trade volatile for GC guard
+	  (env_select): ditto
+	  (env_select_bang): ditto
+	  (env_keep_if): ditto
+	  (rb_env_clear): ditto
+
+Thu Jun 25 21:24:28 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/-ext-/popen_deadlock/test_popen_deadlock.rb: test [Bug #11265]
+
+	* ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/infinite_loop_dlsym.c: new ext to call
+	  dlsym(3) infinitely without GVL, used in the above test.
+
+	* ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/extconf.rb: extconf.rb for the above
+	  ext. Currently, only enabled on Solaris (main target) and Linux
+	  (as a reference platform and for debugging the ext).
+
+Thu Jun 25 19:24:25 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: not to use vfork on Solaris to avoid deadlock
+	  occurred in vfork(2) with multi-threading and dynamic linker
+	  on Solaris. [Bug #11265] [ruby-dev:49089]
+
+Thu Jun 25 18:25:41 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/lib/envutil.rb (Test::Unit::Assertions#assert_no_memory_leak):
+	  NO_MEMORY_LEAK_ENVS is moved to Memory::NO_MEMORY_LEAK_ENVS
+	  to reduce child executions during test-all on Solaris.
+
+	* test/lib/memory_status.rb (Memory::NO_MEMORY_LEAK_ENVS): ditto.
+
+Thu Jun 25 17:32:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_create): need to call
+	  method_definition_reset() if def is given.
+
+	  Actually, `me' is a new object, so we don't need to call it.
+	  It is just to make sure.
+
+	* vm_method.c (method_definition_reset): remove duplicated insertion.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_clone): assign dst->def here,
+	  not in method_definition_reset().
+
+Thu Jun 25 16:44:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c: make a rb_method_definition_t data (def) *after* making
+	  a rb_method_entry_t data (me).
+
+	  Normally, `me' points `def'. Some Ruby objects pointed from `def'
+	  and objects are marked by `me' (mark_method_entry() in gc.c).
+	  However, `def' is built before making a `me', then nobody can mark
+	  objects pointed from `def' before making (and pointing from) `me'.
+
+	  I hope this patch solve #11244.
+
+	* vm_method.c: remove `rb_' prefix from some static functions.
+
+	* method.h (rb_method_entry_create): constify
+
+	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): add checking `def' and
+	  `def->body.iseq.iseqptr' availability because they can be NULL.
+
+Thu Jun 25 14:14:16 2015  takiy33  <takiy33@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/test_prime.rb (test_eratosthenes_works_fine_after_timeout):
+	  use spaces instead of TABs in ruby codes.  [Fix GH-944]
+
+Thu Jun 25 07:08:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info, method_type_name): show method type name in a string
+	  instead of a number.
+
+Thu Jun 25 06:49:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): show more details for T_IMEMO/imemo_ment.
+
+Thu Jun 25 06:40:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_reset): need a WB for
+	  VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET.
+
+Thu Jun 25 03:33:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (RGENGC_OBJ_INFO, obj_info): add a macro to enable/disable
+	  rich obj_info() output.
+
+	  At the default, the value of RGENGC_OBJ_INFO is
+	  (RGENGC_DEBUG | RGENGC_CHECK_MODE).
+
+	* gc.c (RGENGC_OBJ_INFO): force enable it to debug #11244.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): print more details with obj_info().
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): remove useless debug prints.
+
+Thu Jun 25 02:40:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_read_internal):
+	  do not process kwargs in blocking mode
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: test sysread
+
+Wed Jun 24 16:54:11 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): add additional debug code for #11244.
+
+Wed Jun 24 16:05:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_justify): use RB_GC_GUARD
+
+Wed Jun 24 14:25:17 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_ptr): add a check code for #11244.
+
+	  It should be removed later. But we can remain this check
+	  because it is only a branch.
+
+Wed Jun 24 12:49:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_fstring_cstr): new function to make a fstring from
+	  a string literal.
+
+	* internal.h (rb_fstring_lit): new macro to make a fstring from a
+	  string literal.
+
+	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_strlen_lit): new macro to get the
+	  length of a string literal, borrowed from mruby/mruby@e4afd53.
+
+Wed Jun 24 12:21:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* re.c: Update documentation for Regexp class.
+	  [fix GH-937][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
+
+Wed Jun 24 09:23:03 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (generic_ivar_set): remove FL_ABLE check
+	  (gen_ivar_copy): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69715]
+
+Wed Jun 24 08:28:15 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): reduce stack use
+	  [ruby-core:69595] [Feature #11263]
+
+Tue Jun 23 14:32:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (name_err_receiver): raise ArgumentError if no receiver
+	  is available on this exception object.  [Feature #10881]
+
+Tue Jun 23 09:48:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* dir.c (check_dirname): avoid volatile, use return value
+	  (dir_s_chroot, dir_s_mkdir, dir_s_rmdir): adjust callers
+
+Tue Jun 23 06:37:10 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* struct.c (struct_ivar_get): cache member definition in a subclass
+	  Thanks to Sokolov Yura aka funny_falcon <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
+	  in https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10585
+
+Tue Jun 23 04:58:06 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_big_href_hi.rb: new benchmark
+	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_big_href_lo.rb: ditto
+	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_big_hset.rb: ditto
+	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_small_href.rb: ditto
+	* benchmark/bm_vm2_struct_small_hset.rb: ditto
+	  Thanks to Sokolov Yura aka funny_falcon <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
+	  in https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10585
+
+Mon Jun 22 18:08:48 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit::Parallel#start_watchdog): removed
+	  because it has been meaningless since r36385. [Bug #11288]
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit::Parallel#_run_parallel): delete
+	  lines related to the removed start_watchdog method
+
+Sun Jun 21 23:52:46 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* NEWS: mention about Array#bsearch_index and Hash#fetch_values.
+
+Sun Jun 21 23:46:27 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* NEWS: add a reference to a ticket.
+
+Sun Jun 21 20:28:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* internal.h (roomof): extract from type_roomof, and move from
+	  bignum.c.
+
+Sun Jun 21 18:32:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ruby_atomic.h (ATOMIC_PTR_CAS): define by generic CAS macro, not
+	  via size_t, to suppress a warning by mingw gcc.
+
+Sun Jun 21 05:31:41 2015  Shota Fukumori  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c(dump_object): Return empty JSON object when
+	  passed object is a special const, instead of SEGV.
+	  Based patch by Kohei Suzuki (eagletmt). [ruby-core:69692] [Bug #11291]
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb(test_dump_special_consts): Test for above fix.
+
+
+Sat Jun 20 03:56:58 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enc/make_encmake.rb: the list of encoding extension libraries must
+	  not include encinit.c itself.  It caused "undefined reference to
+	  Init_encinit".
+
+Sat Jun 20 02:03:53 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* process.c (rb_execarg_parent_start1): new macro ALWAYS_NEED_ENVP
+	  to generate envp_str anytime on Solaris 10 (or earlier version
+	  of Solaris) to avoid calling execv() which is async-signal unsafe
+	  on Solaris 10. [Bug #11265] [ruby-dev:49089]
+
+	* process.c (exec_with_sh, proc_exec_cmd): On Solaris 10,
+	  because ALWAYS_NEED_ENVP is 1 and envp_str is always generated,
+	  execv() in exec_with_sh() and proc_exec_cmd() are never called.
+	  To guarantee this, execv() is replaced by a macro to print
+	  out error message on Solaris 10.
+
+	* process.c (proc_exec_sh): Because proc_exec_sh() may be called
+	  by rb_proc_exec() with envp_str = Qfalse, execl() is replaced
+	  by a macro that calls execle() with "extern char **environ"
+	  traditional global variable on Solaris 10.
+	  TODO: This may be unsafe and should be changed in the future.
+	  Although rb_proc_exec() is not used from inside current version
+	  of ruby, it may be called by third-party extensions.
+
+Sat Jun 20 01:10:13 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* NEWS: mention about $SAFE.
+
+Fri Jun 19 14:53:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): now requires a block direct to
+	  this method call.  [ruby-core:69655] [Bug #11283]
+
+Fri Jun 19 13:54:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_mod_define_method): get rid of inadvertent ID
+	  creations at error.
+
+Fri Jun 19 07:58:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/extmk.rb: if no with-ext option is given, default to
+	  enable everything.  [ruby-dev:49108] [Bug #11280]
+
+Fri Jun 19 06:30:07 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* bootstraptest/test_method.rb: remove a test because $SAFE=2 was
+	  obsolete.
+
+	  Please check btest, too.
+
+Thu Jun 18 23:51:51 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* bin/erb: $SAFE=3 is obsolete.
+
+Thu Jun 18 23:45:11 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* safe.c: removed needless doc related $SAFE=2
+
+Thu Jun 18 23:38:07 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_safe_level): fix document.  $SAFE=3 is obsolete.
+	  [ci skip]
+
+Thu Jun 18 23:25:51 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/extmk.rb: configure intersection of with-ext and not
+	  without-ext, as withouts is no longer true by default if
+	  with-ext option is given.  [ruby-dev:49108] [Bug #11280]
+
+Thu Jun 18 23:20:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: $SAFE=2 is now obsolete.
+
+	* dir.c, ext/fiddle/handle.c, ext/socket/basicsocket.c, file.c
+	  gc.c, io.c, process.c, safe.c, signal.c, win32/file.c:
+	  removed code for $SAFE=2
+
+	* test/erb/test_erb.rb, test/fiddle/test_handle.rb
+	  test/ruby/test_env.rb: removed tests for $SAFE=2.
+
+Thu Jun 18 22:50:07 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enc/make_encmake.rb: added --transes and --no-transes options.
+
+Thu Jun 18 18:24:12 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/socket/test_unix.rb: replace sleep with select
+
+Thu Jun 18 17:59:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (rb_vm_control_frame_id_and_class): remove useless codes.
+	  `me' knows ID and owner class.
+
+Thu Jun 18 16:58:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: constify rb_method_alias_struct::original_me and
+	  rb_method_refined_struct::orig_me.
+
+	* class.c (move_refined_method): use RB_OBJ_WRITE() for
+	  me->def->body.refined.orig_me.
+
+Thu Jun 18 14:35:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (count_imemo_objects): support imemo_ment.
+
+Thu Jun 18 13:32:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* error.c (name_err_receiver): add NameError#receiver method.
+	  [Feature #10881]
+
+Thu Jun 18 10:00:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* safe.c: removed needless doc related $SAFE=3
+
+Thu Jun 18 09:59:23 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* safe.c: rename old method name for $SAFE=3
+
+Thu Jun 18 06:02:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* compile.c (get_exception_sym2type, iseq_build_from_ary_body):
+	  rely on %+PRIsVALUE instead of calling rb_inspect directly
+
+Wed Jun 17 20:59:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk (ENC_MK): needs fake.rb if cross compilation.
+	  [ruby-dev:49098] [Bug #11272]
+
+Wed Jun 17 20:23:29 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check __float80.
+
+Wed Jun 17 15:15:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* safe.c (safe_setter): of course, don't have to warn the limitation of
+	  $SAFE=3 after it's removed.
+
+Wed Jun 17 14:29:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: $SAFE=3 is now obsolete.
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c, ext/socket/socket.c, ext/socket/tcpsocket.c
+	  ext/socket/udpsocket.c, gc.c, object.c, re.c, safe.c: removed code
+	  for $SAFE=3
+
+	* bootstraptest/test_method.rb, test/erb/test_erb.rb, test/ruby/test_dir.rb
+	  test/ruby/test_file.rb, test/ruby/test_method.rb, test/ruby/test_regexp.rb
+	  test/ruby/test_thread.rb: remove tests for $SAFE=3
+
+Wed Jun 17 12:13:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: added contributor name.
+
+Wed Jun 17 10:57:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/csv.rb: accept to use Range object for row selection.
+	  contributed by Mitsutaka Mimura.
+	  [Feature #11267][ruby-dev:49091]
+
+Wed Jun 17 09:50:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rdoc/servlet.rb (documentation_search, root_search):
+	  requires json for JSON.dump and fix sporadic failures due to
+	  the loading order.
+
+Tue Jun 16 19:19:53 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check several types defined in C99
+	  and x86_64 ABI.
+
+	* template/sizes.c.tmpl: Relax a pattern for types.
+
+Tue Jun 16 17:37:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: relax pattern because uncollectible
+	  flag and marked flag can be false at major GC.
+	  [Bug #10852]
+
+Tue Jun 16 04:50:44 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (bsock_recv): document outbuf
+	* ext/socket/unixsocket.c (unix_recvfrom): ditto
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_strbuf, recvfrom_locktmp): new functions
+	  (rsock_s_recvfrom): support destination buffer as 3rd arg
+	  (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+	* string.c (rb_str_locktmp_ensure): export for internal ext
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: test recv_nonblock
+	* test/socket/test_unix.rb: test recv
+	  [ruby-core:69543] [Feature #11242]
+
+Tue Jun 16 04:38:02 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal,
+	  bsock_recvmsg_internal):
+	  support "exception: false" kwarg
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock):
+	  ditto
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock): use rsock_opt_false_p
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h (rsock_opt_false_p): new function
+	* ext/socket/basicsocket.c (bsock_recv_nonblock): update rdoc
+	* ext/socket/udpsocket.c (udp_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: new tests
+	  [ruby-core:69542] [Feature #11229]
+
+Mon Jun 15 14:33:02 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* lib/set.rb: Make Set#each and SortedSet#each generate a sized
+	  enumerator. [GH-931] by kachick (Kenichi Kamiya)
+
+	* test/test_set.rb: Import tests from Set into SortedSet. [GH-931]
+	  by kachick (Kenichi Kamiya)
+
+Mon Jun 15 02:26:34 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb (Net::HTTP#connect): use connect_nonblock and
+	  io/wait to eliminate timeout use. fix GH-899
+
+Sat Jun 13 07:21:18 2015  KOSAKI Motohiro  <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
+
+	* thread.c (thread_start_func_2): don't interrupt when last thread
+	  exit unless main thread is already exited. Otherwise main thread
+	  could be wrongly interrupted when it uses rb_thread_call_without_gvl().
+	  Patch by Takehiro Kubo. [Bug #11237][ruby-dev:49044][GH-898]
+
+	* test/-ext-/gvl/test_last_thread.rb: new test for the above fix.
+
+	* ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/call_without_gvl.c: new ext for
+	  the above test.
+	* ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/extconf.rb: ditto.
+
+Mon Jun 15 00:14:33 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb (descend): Blockless form supported.
+	  (ascend): Ditto.
+	  [ruby-core:68820] [Feature #11052] Patch by Piotr Szotkowski.
+
+Sun Jun 14 20:09:25 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* time.c (time_getlocaltime): [DOC] Add examples of valid utc_offset
+	  formats.
+	  [ruby-core:68306] [Misc #10905] Patch by Charles Korn.
+
+Sun Jun 14 18:49:56 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (parse_numeric_port): Detect
+	  port overflow.
+	  (numeric_getaddrinfo): Use parse_numeric_port.
+	  numeric_getaddrinfo fails if port is too big now.
+	  This makes rb_getaddrinfo invokes the real getaddrinfo()
+	  on such condition.
+	  This change is related to [ruby-core:69355] [Bug #11179].
+
+Sun Jun 14 17:26:03 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_chunk_while): New method Enumerable#chunk_while.
+	  [ruby-core:67738] [Feature #10769] proposed by Tsuyoshi Sawada.
+
+Sun Jun 14 17:20:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_load_ok): try opening file without gvl not to
+	  lock entire process.  [Bug #11060]
+
+Sun Jun 14 10:43:50 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/runruby.rb: just remove the lines of RUBY_VERSION check and raise
+	  instead of replacing the check to `true`, for getting rid of a
+	  warning `possibly useless use of true in void context`.
+
+Sun Jun 14 10:13:55 2015  Kouhei Sutou  <kou@cozmixng.org>
+
+	* lib/rexml/source.rb (REXML::IOSource#scan): Fix a typo in
+	  document. [fix GH-934]
+	  Patch by Anton Davydov. Thanks!!!
+
+Sun Jun 14 10:09:48 2015  Kouhei Sutou  <kou@cozmixng.org>
+
+	* lib/rexml/attlistdecl.rb (REXML::AttlistDecl): Fix a typo in
+	  document. [fix GH-934]
+	  Patch by Anton Davydov. Thanks!!!
+
+Sun Jun 14 06:24:57 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: add test for IO.binread fd leak.
+	  See r50881.
+
+Sun Jun 14 05:23:51 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_s_binread): close fd if seek offset is invalid.
+
+Sun Jun 14 04:40:32 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb (check): refactor.
+
+Sun Jun 14 04:34:14 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb: Return false for no leaks.
+	  Otherwise the GC could run for nothing.
+
+Sun Jun 14 04:15:40 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/delegate.rb: [DOC] Update SimpleDelegator example. [ci skip]
+
+Sat Jun 13 20:28:14 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_stat_ino): get inode from the interval of struct st.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (stati64_set_inode): get nFileIndexHigh/Low, and set it
+	  to the interval of struct st as inode.
+	  [Feature #11216]
+
+	* win32/win32.c (stati64_set_inode_handle): call stati64_set_inode.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_fstati64): call stati64_set_inode_handle.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (stati64_handle): call stati64_set_inode.
+
+Sat Jun 13 19:44:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/console/depend (.list.chksum): revert a part of r50859, because
+	  it was not mentioned at its commit log and it caused a build error on
+	  Windows ($(MAKE) is already quoted).
+
+Sat Jun 13 17:35:11 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_thread_t): add th->name.
+
+	* vm.c (th_init): initialize th->name.
+
+	* thread.c (Init_Thread): add Thread.name and name=. [Feature #11251]
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_inspect): show thread's name if set.
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_getname): defined.
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_setname): ditto.
+
+Sat Jun 13 11:39:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/tempfile.rb: Fix typo. [fix GH-933] Patch by @Zorbash
+
+Sat Jun 13 11:38:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c: fix documentation on ocsp response cert status.
+	  [fix GH-932] Patch by @chrisholmes
+
+Sat Jun 13 11:35:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec: Fix require paths for released gem.
+	  [fix GH-929] Patch by @voxik
+	* ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec: ditto.
+
+Sat Jun 13 00:45:08 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Return sized enumerators.
+	  Patch by Kenichi Kamiya [GH-931]
+
+Sat Jun 13 00:45:06 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Fix with_object with no block given
+
+Sat Jun 13 00:44:59 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Have with_index accept an offset parameter.
+	  Based on patch by T Yamada. [#11007]
+
+Fri Jun 12 22:21:12 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_extlibs.rb (TestExtLibs::check_existence): fix
+	  error. [Bug #11255] [ruby-dev:49079]
+
+Fri Jun 12 21:17:46 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* pack.c (pack_{un,}pack): new template character `j` and `J`, pointer
+	  with signed and unsigned integers.
+
+	* NEWS: mention about this feature.
+	  [Feature #11215] [ruby-dev:49015]
+
+Fri Jun 12 21:01:44 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (File::SHARE_DELETE): new flag to be able to delete opened file
+	  on Windows.
+
+	* include/win32/win32.c (O_SHARE_DELETE): new pseudo file mode flag.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_{w,}open): support above flag.  [EXPERIMENTAL]
+
+	* NEWS: mention about this feature.
+	  [Feature #11218] [ruby-dev:49022]
+
+Fri Jun 12 18:21:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ChangeLog: added missing commit message.
+
+Fri Jun 12 18:20:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* sample/exyacc.rb: Fix some typos. [fix GH-927] Patch by @davydovanton
+	* sample/list.rb: ditto.
+	* sample/trick2013/kinaba/remarks.markdown: ditto.
+
+Fri Jun 12 17:34:14 2015  Wojciech Mach  <wojtek@wojtekmach.pl>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_hash_fetch_values): add `Hash#fetch_values`.
+	  [Feature #10017] [Fix GH-776]
+
+Fri Jun 12 16:28:17 2015  Radan Skoric  <radan.skoric@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_bsearch_index): Implement Array#bsearch_index
+	  method, which is similar to bsearch and returns the index or
+	  nil.  [Feature #10730]
+
+Thu Jun 11 19:11:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/zlib/zlib.c: Fix indentation for rdoc.
+	  [Bug #11221][ruby-core:69465]
+
+Thu Jun 11 16:23:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC_SET): fix last commit (unbalanced parens).
+
+Thu Jun 11 15:14:16 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: define SET_THREAD_NAME if it has pthread_set_name_np
+	  for FreeBSD, and don't define it if both pthread_setname_np
+	  and pthread_set_name_np don't exist.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (SET_THREAD_NAME): don't define if they don't exist.
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (native_set_thread_name): run if SET_THREAD_NAME
+	  is defined.
+
+Thu Jun 11 15:53:31 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h (METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC_SET): should clear last bit.
+
+Thu Jun 11 14:34:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems.rb: bump version to 2.4.7 and 2.4.8. these versions fixed
+	  CVE-2015-3900.
+	* lib/rubygems/remote_fetcher.rb: ditto.
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_remote_fetcher.rb: added testcase for CVE-2015-3900
+
+Thu Jun 11 14:18:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rubygems.rb: bump version to 2.4.6. It's missing change at r49774.
+
+Thu Jun 11 13:50:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (ary_ensure_room_for_push): check if array size will
+	  exceed maximum size to get rid of buffer overflow.
+	  [ruby-dev:49043] [Bug #11235]
+
+	* array.c (ary_ensure_room_for_unshift, rb_ary_splice): ditto.
+
+Thu Jun 11 13:17:34 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/test_cmath.rb (TestCMath#test_trigonometric_functions): should
+	  not compare float values (in complex values) by `==`.
+
+Thu Jun 11 08:52:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: embed rb_method_entry_t::attr::flags (5 bits) into
+	  rb_method_entry_t::flags to make one word spare space.
+
+	  Add some macros to access these flags.
+
+	* vm_method.c: use these macros.
+
+	* internal.h: define IMEMO_FL_USHIFT and IMEMO_FL_USER[0-4]
+	  for T_IMEMO local flags.
+
+Thu Jun 11 08:27:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c: use VM_ASSERT instead of assert().
+
+	* vm_args.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Thu Jun 11 08:16:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: define VM_ASSERT() for assertion
+	  enabled only when (VM_CHECK_MODE > 0).
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: move definition VM_CHECK_MODE
+	  from vm_insnhelper.c to vm_core.h.
+
+	* vm.c: remove <assert.h>
+
+Thu Jun 11 06:46:07 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (check_frame): check type of cref_or_me first.
+
+Thu Jun 11 04:34:39 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/test_cmath.rb: Add some assertions.
+
+Thu Jun 11 00:34:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* template/fake.rb.in: expanded macro result may have spaces
+	  between tokens.  [ruby-dev:49047] [Bug #11243]
+
+Wed Jun 10 22:27:32 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb: revert r50804 because of build failure when specifying
+	  LDFLAGS during configure, observed on Solaris with GCC 4.6.
+	  [Bug #11245]
+
+Wed Jun 10 21:59:51 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* README.ja.md: fix markup miss.
+
+Wed Jun 10 11:06:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* template/fake.rb.in: turn into erb template from autoconf
+	  template to fake more accurately.
+
+	* common.mk (fake.rb): needs preprocessed file now.
+
+	* version.c (Init_version): add dummy expression to
+	  RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION.
+
+Tue Jun  9 12:31:25 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Simplify and optimize EratosthenesSieve
+
+Tue Jun  9 11:45:00 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Simplify and optimize EratosthenesSieve
+	  based on patch by Ajay Kumar. [Fixes GH-921]
+
+Mon Jun  8 05:09:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): print method id for T_IMEMO/ment.
+
+Sun Jun  7 07:05:43 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Move test cases from test/ruby/test_complex.rb to test/test_cmath.rb
+
+Sat Jun  6 18:23:41 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: back to share rb_method_definition_t by
+	  rb_method_entry_t.
+
+	  r50728 changed sharing `def's to isolating `def's
+	  on alias and so on. However, this change conflicts
+	  future improvement plan. So I change back to sharing approach.
+
+	* method.h: move rb_method_definition_t::flags to
+	  rb_method_entry_t::attr::flags.
+
+	  rb_method_entry_t::attr is union with VALUE because this field
+	  should have same size of VALUE. rb_method_entry_t is T_IMEMO).
+
+	  And also add the following access macros to it's fields.
+
+	  * METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(me)
+	  * METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC(me)
+	  * METHOD_ENTRY_SAFE(me)
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_addref): added instead of
+	  rb_method_definition_clone().
+
+	  Do not create new definition, but increment alias_count.
+
+	* class.c (clone_method): catch up this fix.
+
+	* class.c (method_entry_i): ditto.
+
+	* proc.c (mnew_internal): ditto.
+
+	* proc.c (mnew_missing): ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Sat Jun  6 15:59:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c: ins_methods_push() needs rb_method_visibility_t type on
+	  2nd arg.
+
+Sat Jun  6 15:05:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (ins_methods_push): Change type and name of parameters
+	  to make more clear.
+
+Sat Jun  6 08:52:13 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: try to avoid EMSGSIZE
+	  [ruby-core:69466]
+
+Sat Jun  6 07:58:30 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: remove struct mark_tbl_arg and pass objspace directly
+	  to avoid indirect access overhead.
+
+Sat Jun  6 07:08:45 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): drop redundant assignment
+
+Sat Jun  6 01:00:06 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): all arguments are
+	  parsed even on systems without HAVE_STRUCT_MSGHDR_MSG_CONTROL
+	  to prevent SEGV caused by passing Qnil to RARRAY_LENINT and
+	  to preserve behavior before r50776.
+	  [Bug #11224] [ruby-core:69468] [Bug #11225] [ruby-core:69469]
+
+Fri Jun  5 22:37:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (ins_methods_push): change 3rd parameter's type
+	  from long to rb_method_visibility_t.
+
+	* class.c (ins_methods_i): catch up this fix.
+
+	* class.c (method_entry_i): cast to st_data_t instead of `long'.
+
+Fri Jun  5 20:37:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: move definition of rb_cref_t to method.h.
+
+	* eval_intern.h: move definition of rb_scope_visibility_t
+	  to method.h.
+
+	* method.h: change rb_cref_t::scope_visi from VALUE to
+	  rb_scope_visibility_t.
+	  [Bug #11219]
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_new): accept rb_method_visibility_t directly.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_rewrite_cref): don't use 0,
+	  but METHOD_VISI_UNDEF.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_scope_visibility_set): don't need to use cast.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_scope_module_func_set): ditto.
+
+Fri Jun  5 17:27:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): avoid msg_control
+	  ptr if msg_controllen is zero to fix portability problems.
+
+Fri Jun  5 09:17:45 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): fix build error
+	  from r50776
+
+Fri Jun  5 07:05:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* io.c (sym_wait_readable, sym_wait_writable): declare
+	  (io_getpartial): use sym_wait_readable
+	  (io_write_nonblock): use sym_wait_writable
+	  (Init_IO): initialize sym_wait_*able
+
+Fri Jun  5 06:43:00 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* doc/extension.rdoc: note rb_get_kwargs changes keywords_hash
+	  [ruby-core:68507]
+
+Fri Jun  5 05:50:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal): use rb_scan_args
+	  [ruby-core:69439] [Feature #11207]
+
+Fri Jun  5 02:20:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/lib/envutil.rb (assert_no_memory_leak): change default value
+	  of limit from 1.5 to 2.0. It is ad-hoc fix to solve test failure
+	  in travis-ci.
+
+Fri Jun  5 01:17:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): no need to use cast.
+
+Fri Jun  5 01:14:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): show additional messages on rb_bug().
+
+Fri Jun  5 01:06:02 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_add_method_iseq): use intermediate struct to
+	  avoid initializing struct with variables.
+	  [Bug #11217]
+
+	* method.h: add a comment about it.
+
+Fri Jun  5 00:55:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: constify rb_method_refined_t::orig_me.
+
+	  Also constify the following functions.
+
+	  * rb_resolve_refined_method()
+	  * rb_method_entry_with_refinements()
+	  * rb_method_entry_without_refinements()
+	  * rb_method_entry_copy()'s parameter.
+
+	* class.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Thu Jun  4 12:47:54 SGT 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c: Revert r50763. because "reentered" is not typo.
+
+Thu Jun  4 11:12:29 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c: fix a typo. Patch by @davydovanton
+	  [fix GH-923]
+	* include/ruby/st.h: ditto.
+	* include/ruby/util.h: ditto.
+
+Thu Jun  4 10:54:30 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c: fix a typo. Patch by @manish-shrivastava
+	  [fix GH-922]
+
+Thu Jun  4 09:52:02 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: use io/nonblock instead of fcntl
+	  [ruby-core:69382] [Feature #11190]
+
+Thu Jun  4 07:22:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: introduce rb_method_refined_t for refined method entry.
+
+	* class.c (move_refined_method): catch up this fix.
+
+	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_body): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Thu Jun  4 07:12:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (dirent_match): match short names only when FNM_SHORTNAME
+	  flag is given, for the backward compatibility, and the new
+	  behavior is often dangerous.  [ruby-core:69435] [Bug #11206]
+
+Thu Jun  4 05:44:01 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (special_generic_ivar): remove flag
+	  (givar_i, rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl): remove functions
+	  (rb_free_generic_ivar, rb_ivar_lookup, rb_ivar_delete,
+	   generic_ivar_set, rb_ivar_set, rb_ivar_defined,
+	   rb_copy_generic_ivar, rb_ivar_foreach, rb_ivar_count,
+	   rb_obj_remove_instance_variable):
+	   adjust for lack of ivar support in special constants
+	* test/ruby/test_variable.rb: test ivars for special consts
+	* internal.h: remove rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl decl
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_roots): remove rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl call
+	  [ruby-core:69441] [Feature #11208]
+
+Thu Jun  4 05:13:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (def_iseq_ptr): `iseqval' is not available any more.
+
+Thu Jun  4 04:50:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (method_entry_i): mtbl should not have `me' as NULL.
+
+Thu Jun  4 04:28:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (clone_method): do not use me->klass, but use explicitly
+	  passed argument.
+
+Thu Jun  4 04:10:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_rewrite_cref_stack): rename to rb_vm_rewrite_cref().
+
+	* class.c (clone_method): use renamed name.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_rewrite_cref): do not use `node' in variable
+	  names.
+
+Wed Jun  3 23:03:50 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c: rename `rb_frame_...' to `rb_scope_...'.
+
+	* eval_intern.h: move decl. of rb_scope_visibility_set() to method.h.
+
+	* load.c: catch up this fix.
+
+Wed Jun  3 21:14:20 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check C99 standard integer types.
+
+Wed Jun  3 21:00:47 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* configure.in: Don't check __int128.
+
+	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb: Check __int128.
+
+	* ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend: sizes.c depends on
+	  ext/rbconfig/sizeof/extconf.rb.
+
+	* template/sizes.c.tmpl: Detect check_sizeof.
+
+Wed Jun  3 20:07:07 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (clone_method): remove redundant check for me->def != NULL.
+	  Now, all `me` have `me->def`.
+
+	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_location): ditto.
+
+	* vm.c (rb_vm_check_redefinition_opt_method): ditto.
+
+	* vm.c (add_opt_method): ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_body): ditto.
+
+Wed Jun  3 19:24:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: rename enum missing_reason to enum method_missing_reason.
+
+	* vm_core.h: use enum method_missing_reason for
+	  rb_thread_t::method_missing_reason.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Jun  3 16:17:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm.c: eagerly allocate `loading_table`.  This eliminates the need to
+	  do NULL checks when looking up the `loading_table` hash.
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/918
+
+	* load.c: remove various NULL checks
+
+Wed Jun  3 11:47:15 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: change fields order to gather frequent access fields.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): add LIKELY().
+
+Wed Jun 03 10:35:45 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: split rb_method_definition_t::flag to several flags.
+
+	  `flag' contains several categories of attributes and it makes us
+	  confusion (at least, I had confused).
+
+	  * rb_method_visibility_t (flags::visi)
+	    * NOEX_UNDEF     -> METHOD_VISI_UNDEF     = 0
+	    * NOEX_PUBLIC    -> METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC    = 1
+	    * NOEX_PRIVATE   -> METHOD_VISI_PRIVATE   = 2
+	    * NOEX_PROTECTED -> METHOD_VISI_PROTECTED = 3
+	  * NOEX_SAFE(flag)  -> safe (flags::safe, 3 bits)
+	  * NOEX_BASIC       -> basic (flags::basic, 1 bit)
+	  * NOEX_MODFUNC     -> rb_scope_visibility_t in CREF
+	  * NOEX_SUPER       -> MISSING_SUPER (enum missing_reason)
+	  * NOEX_VCALL       -> MISSING_VCALL (enum missing_reason)
+	  * NOEX_RESPONDS    -> BOUND_RESPONDS (macro)
+
+	  Now, NOEX_NOREDEF is not supported (I'm not sure it is needed).
+
+	  Background:
+	    I did not know what "NOEX" stands for.
+	    I asked Matz (who made this name) and his answer was "Nothing".
+	    "At first, it meant NO EXport (private), but the original
+	    meaning was gone."
+	    This is why I remove the mysterious word "NOEX" from MRI.
+
+	* vm_core.h: introduce `enum missing_reason' to represent
+	  method_missing (NoMethodError) reason.
+
+	* eval_intern.h: introduce rb_scope_visibility_t to represent
+	  scope visibility.
+	  It has 3 method visibilities (public/private/protected)
+	  and `module_function`.
+
+Wed Jun  3 08:06:30 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gem/bundled_gems: updated to test-unit 3.1.1 and minitest 5.7.0.
+
+Wed Jun  3 04:48:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): check respond_to_missing?
+	  at defined?(func()).
+	  [Bug #11212]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_defined.rb: add a test for this fix.
+
+Wed Jun  3 04:34:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined): skip respond_to_missing? when
+	  a method is available.
+	  [Bug #11211]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_defined.rb: add a test for this fix.
+
+Wed Jun  3 04:14:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* insns.def (defined), vm_insnhelper.c (vm_defined):
+	  move instruction body to the vm_defined() function.
+
+Wed Jun  3 02:29:25 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: Do not assume class variable order.
+	  Patch by @enebo.
+
+Wed Jun  3 01:10:38 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@tsg.ne.jp>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_set): remove a double assignment.
+	  Coverity Scan found this bug.
+
+Wed Jun  3 00:04:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): rename parameter names.
+
+Tue Jun  2 23:27:18 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: remove rb_method_iseq_t::iseqval.
+	  While making a r50728, iseqval is needed (to mark correctly),
+	  but now just iseqptr is enough.
+
+	* class.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* gc.c: ditto.
+
+	* proc.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Tue Jun  2 21:29:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_curry): remove a debug line.
+
+Tue Jun  2 12:43:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: make rb_method_entry_t a VALUE.
+	  Motivation and new data structure are described in [Bug #11203].
+
+	  This patch also solve the following issues.
+
+	  * [Bug #11200] Memory leak of method entries
+	  * [Bug #11046] __callee__ returns incorrect method name in orphan
+	                 proc
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add a test for [Bug #11046].
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_control_frame_t::me. me is located at value
+	  stack.
+
+	* vm_core.h, gc.c, vm_method.c: remove unlinked_method... codes
+	  because method entries are simple VALUEs.
+
+	* method.h: Now, all method entries has own independent method
+	  definitions. Strictly speaking, this change is not essential,
+	  but for future changes.
+
+	  * rb_method_entry_t::flag is move to rb_method_definition_t::flag.
+	  * rb_method_definition_t::alias_count is now
+	    rb_method_definition_t::alias_count_ptr, a pointer to the counter.
+
+	* vm_core.h, vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_frame_method_entry) added to
+	  search the current method entry from value stack.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (VM_CHECK_MODE): introduced to enable/disable
+	  assertions.
+
+Tue Jun  2 10:46:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: new test for sendmsg_nonblock
+
+Tue Jun  2 09:04:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/benchmark.rb: just use Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+	  [ruby-core:69390]
+
+Mon Jun  1 22:01:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (pkg_config): split --libs if --libs-only-l option
+	  is not available.  patch in [ruby-core:69428] by Hans Mackowiak.
+	  [ruby-core:69421] [Bug #11201]
+
+Mon Jun  1 21:18:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): remove a garbage character
+	  introduced at the last commit.
+
+Mon Jun  1 19:24:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_make): do not show warning message
+	  when method_entry is an alias.
+
+Mon Jun  1 15:47:16 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: move class related definitions.
+
+Mon Jun  1 15:43:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c: remove needless include pragma for method.h.
+
+	* struct.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Mon Jun  1 05:42:00 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* eval_intern.h, vm_method.c: move macros to functions.
+	  * SCOPE_TEST(f)  -> rb_frame_visibility_test(flag).
+	  * SCOPE_CHECK(f) -> rb_frame_visibility_check(flag).
+	  * SCOPE_SET(f)   -> rb_frame_visibility_set(flag).
+
+	* load.c (load_ext): use it.
+
+Mon Jun  1 04:47:37 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* ext/date/date_core.c: [DOC] Add comparison of Time and DateTime
+	  Patch provided by @pixeltrix
+
+Mon Jun  1 04:22:09 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h (VM_FRAME_MAGIC_DUMMY): introduce new frame type to
+	  recognize dummy frame.
+
+	* vm.c (th_init): use new frame type.
+
+	* vm_args.c (raise_argument_error): ditto.
+
+Mon Jun  1 04:15:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (rb_class_has_methods): added to reduce dependency
+	  to internal class data structure.
+
+	* internal.h: ditto.
+
+	* hash.c (has_extra_methods): use added function.
+
+Mon Jun  1 04:11:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c , gc.h (rb_obj_info): export obj_info(VALUE) for debugging.
+
+Mon Jun  1 03:52:55 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_gc.rb: increase timeout seconds for GC stressful
+	  debugging.
+
+Sun May 31 04:18:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: fix typo of comments.
+
+Sun May 31 03:36:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: add VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS rb_method_definition_t::type
+	  to fix [Bug #11173].
+
+	  Now, inter class/method alias creates new method entry
+	  VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS, which has an original method entry.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (find_defined_class_by_owner): added.
+	  Search corresponding defined_class from owner class/module.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry_get_without_cache): return me->klass
+	  directly for defined_class.
+
+	  Now, no need to check me->klass any more.
+
+	* vm_method.c (method_entry_set0): separated from method_entry_set().
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): make method entry has VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS.
+
+	* vm_method.c (release_method_definition): support VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_hash_method_definition): ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_definition_eq): ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c (release_method_definition): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_method_cfunc_entry): ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_body): ditto.
+
+	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): ditto.
+
+	* proc.c (method_def_iseq): ditto.
+
+	* proc.c (method_cref): ditto.
+
+	* proc.c (rb_method_entry_min_max_arity): ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_alias.rb: add tests.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: fix a test to catch up current behavior.
+
+Sun May 31 03:34:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_unlink_method_entry): make it static.
+
+Sun May 31 03:26:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h, vm_method.c (rb_free_method_entry): constify a parameter.
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove useless declaration about rb_unlink_method_entry().
+
+Sat May 30 18:05:02 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/tempfile.rb (Remover#call): fixed wrong condition.  introduced at
+	  r50682.
+
+Sat May 30 16:12:35 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c: use RB_GC_GUARD instead of volatile
+	  [ruby-core:69419] [Feature #11198]
+
+Sat May 30 15:59:10 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/tempfile.rb (Tempfile#initialize): initialize @unlinked to fix
+	  test failures introduced at r50682.  I hope that check the results of
+	  tests before committing, at least the tests about the changed feature.
+
+Sat May 30 11:02:55 2015  Martin Englund <martin@englund.nu>
+
+	* doc/dtrace_probes.rdoc: change lingering dtrace probe documentation
+	  from function- to method-
+
+Sat May 30 10:26:09 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/tempfile.rb: refactoring.
+	  * use warn instead of STDERR.print
+	  * remove @tmpname and use @tmpfile.path
+	  * introduce @unlinked flag
+	  * Remover takes only @tmpfile
+	  * mode will be modified just before file reopen
+
+Sat May 30 09:02:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_generic_ivar_table): deprecate
+	* internal.h (rb_attr_delete): declare
+	* marshal.c (has_ivars): use rb_ivar_foreach
+	  (w_ivar): ditto
+	  (w_object): update for new interface
+	* time.c (time_mload): use rb_attr_delete
+	* variable.c (generic_ivar_delete): implement
+	  (rb_ivar_delete): ditto
+	  (rb_attr_delete): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69323] [Feature #11170]
+
+Sat May 30 09:14:28 2015  Scott Francis  <scott.francis@shopify.com>
+
+	* cont.c (cont_free): check if ruby_current_thread is still valid.
+	  [Fix GH-914]
+
+Sat May 30 08:36:04 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (static int special_generic_ivar): move
+	  (rb_generic_ivar_table): rewrite for compatibility
+	  (gen_ivtbl_bytes): new function
+	  (generic_ivar_get): update to use ivar index
+	  (generic_ivar_update): ditto
+	  (generic_ivar_set): ditto
+	  (generic_ivar_defined): ditto
+	  (generic_ivar_remove): ditto
+	  (rb_mark_generic_ivar): ditto
+	  (givar_i): ditto
+	  (rb_free_generic_ivar): ditto
+	  (rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl): ditto
+	  (rb_generic_ivar_memsize): ditto
+	  (rb_copy_generic_ivar): ditto
+	  (rb_ivar_set): ditto
+	  (rb_ivar_foreach): ditto
+	  (rb_ivar_count): ditto
+	  (givar_mark_i): remove
+	  (gen_ivtbl_mark): new function
+	  (gen_ivar_each): ditto
+	  (iv_index_tbl_extend): update for struct ivar_update
+	  (iv_index_tbl_newsize): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69323] [Feature #11170]
+
+Sat May 30 08:10:46 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (iv_index_tbl_make): extract from rb_ivar_set
+	  (iv_index_tbl_extend): ditto
+	  (iv_index_tbl_newsize): ditto
+	  (rb_ivar_set): use extracted functions
+	  [ruby-core:69323] (Part 1)
+
+Fri May 29 17:39:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* tool/make_hgraph.rb: added.
+
+Fri May 29 14:39:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): out of range NTH_REF is always
+	  nil.
+
+	* parse.y (parse_numvar): check overflow of NTH_REF and range.
+	  [ruby-core:69393] [Bug #11192]
+
+	* util.c (ruby_scan_digits): make public and add length parameter.
+
+Fri May 29 11:18:58 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_sendmsg_internal,
+	  bsock_recvmsg_internal):
+	  avoid redundant fcntl on Linux
+	  [ruby-core:69154] [Feature #11145]
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h (MSG_DONTWAIT_RELIABLE): new macro
+
+Fri May 29 10:30:34 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/net/resolv.rb (request): use monotonic clock
+	* lib/net/http.rb (begin_transport, end_transport): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69384] [Feature #11124]
+
+Fri May 29 04:37:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: add two methods to debug internals.
+
+	  * ObjectSpace.internal_class_of: return RBASIC_CLASS(obj).
+	  * ObjectSpace.internal_super_of: return RCLASS_SUPER(cls).
+
+	* NEWS: add information about both methods.
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: add tests for both methods.
+
+Thu May 28 06:55:53 2015  Anton Davydov  <antondavydov.o@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/tk/sample/figmemo_sample.rb (open_file),
+	  ext/tk/sample/tktextio.rb (TkTextIO): fix typo in messages.
+	  [Fix GH-916]
+
+Wed May 27 09:50:51 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c (ossl_asn1_traverse, ossl_asn1_decode,
+	  ossl_asn1_decode_all): use RB_GC_GUARD instead of volatile
+	  [ruby-core:69371] [Bug #11185]
+
+Wed May 27 09:27:30 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/drb/drb.rb (set_sockopt): remove redundant fcntl call
+	* lib/drb/unix.rb (set_sockopt): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:69128] [Feature #11137]
+
+Tue May 26 22:10:43 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): should resolve refined methods.
+	  [ruby-core:69360] [Bug #11182]
+
+Tue May 26 21:35:13 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* include/ruby/defines.h (RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE): fix condition.
+
+Mon May 25 22:35:58 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (rel): after the relations is changed,
+	  @changesets is no longer right.
+
+Mon May 25 11:27:14 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (setup_overlapped): seek to the file end only when
+	  writing (mode:a), not reading (mode:a+, read).
+
+Mon May 25 00:27:37 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* numeric.c (Numeric#negative?): [DOC] Fix call-seq.
+	  Patch by @yui-knk. [Fixes GH-908]
+
+Sun May 24 01:35:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* debug.c (ruby_debug_print_id): use rb_id2name() for fprintf().
+
+Sat May 23 18:38:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* man/*.1: updated dates in man pages.
+	  [ruby-dev:48988] [Bug #11171]
+
+Sat May 23 03:10:58 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_write_console): should return the count of
+	  actually eaten characters, include escape sequences.
+
+Fri May 22 22:36:14 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/prime.rb: Remove obsolete Prime.new
+	  patch by Ajay Kumar. [Fixes GH-891]
+
+Fri May 22 21:13:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_sym_count): move `rb_sym_all_symbols`
+	  to a symbol.c specific section.  a part of patch by Lourens
+	  Naude.
+
+Fri May 22 20:56:33 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* complex.c (f_complex_polar): simple bug reproduced only when y is
+	  a float but x is not a float.
+
+Fri May 22 19:42:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* process.c (rb_spawn_process): do not discard global escape
+	  status.  [ruby-core:69304] [Bug #11166]
+
+	* process.c (rb_execarg_spawn): extract the start procedure in a
+	  parent process with ensuring the end procedure.
+
+Fri May 22 16:48:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* NEWS: added news for net-telnet and rake
+
+Thu May 21 20:27:07 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_DTRACE_POSTPROCESS): cmp -b is GNU extension.
+	  darwin uses GNU cmp, and FreeBSD and Solaris are not.
+	  Note that accidentally equals to expected result.
+
+Thu May 21 18:00:19 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c: constify.
+
+	* iseq.h: ditto.
+
+	* method.h: ditto.
+
+	* proc.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_method.c: ditto.
+
+Thu May 21 17:44:53 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c: fix issues caused by binding created from Method#to_proc.
+	  [Bug #11163]
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_new_toplevel): export as rb_vm_cref_new_toplevel().
+
+	* test/ruby/test_method.rb: add some assertions.
+
+Thu May 21 17:29:26 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/matrix.rb: added documentation for Matrix#empty and Matrix#/
+	  [Feature #10070][ruby-dev:48433] Patch by @gogotanaka
+
+Thu May 21 17:02:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c: rename functions.
+	  * method_get_def() -> method_def()
+	  * method_get_iseq() -> method_def_iseq()
+	  * method_get_cref() -> method_cref()
+
+Thu May 21 16:52:44 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_method_get_iseq): rename to rb_method_iseq.
+
+	* iseq.c: catch up this fix.
+
+	* iseq.h: commit ditto.
+
+Thu May 21 15:41:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/telnet.rb: gemify net-telnet.
+	  [Feature #11083]
+	* gems/bundled_gems: added net-telnet to bundled gems.
+
+Thu May 21 15:37:32 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* vm_method.c: Remove private attribute warning [Bug #10967]
+	  Patch by @spastorino [Fixes GH-849]
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/849
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: Update test for changes
+
+Thu May 21 10:59:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c (method_proc): rename to method_to_proc.
+
+Thu May 21 10:51:54 2015  Jake Worth  <jakeworth82@gmail.com>
+
+	* io.c (rb_f_select): [DOC] Fixes for grammar and style.
+	  [Fix GH-906]
+
+Thu May 21 08:25:19 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* variable.c (Init_var_tables): init generic_iv_tbl
+	  (rb_generic_ivar_table, generic_ivar_get, generic_ivar_set,
+	   generic_ivar_defined, generic_ivar_remove,
+	   rb_mark_generic_ivar, givar_i, rb_mark_generic_ivar_tbl,
+	   rb_free_generic_ivar, rb_copy_generic_ivar, rb_ivar_foreach,
+	   rb_ivar_count): remove checks for uninitialize generic_iv_tbl
+	[ruby-core:69155] [Feature #11146]
+
+Thu May 21 04:11:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (exception_type2symbol): show correct bug message.
+
+Wed May 20 23:19:05 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/base64.rb: Fix rdoc-formatting for padding argument.
+	  [fix GH-905][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
+
+Wed May 20 13:16:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (DEPRECATED_BY): deprecate warning with preferable
+	  alternative.
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_FUNC_ATTRIBUTE): allow attribute arguments in
+	  the macro.
+
+Wed May 20 11:23:24 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_dump.c (rb_print_backtrace): return value of libexec's backtrace
+	  is size_t, so simply cast as int.
+
+Tue May 19 18:54:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_compile_with_option): check source type, must be
+	  an IO or a String.  [ruby-core:69219] [Bug #11159]
+
+Tue May 19 17:15:03 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/benchmark.rb: Update Benchmark documentation and formatting.
+	  [fix GH-903][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
+
+Tue May 19 13:10:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* numeric.c (num_positive_p): should false on Bignum 0.
+	  http://twitter.com/rafaelfranca/status/600509783427391488
+	  [ruby-core:69173] [Feature #11151]
+
+Tue May 19 11:22:28 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/uri/rfc2396_parser.rb (initialize_pattern):
+	  URI::Generic.build should accept port as a string.
+	  pattern[:PORT] is not defined for long.
+	  by Dave Slutzkin <daveslutzkin@fastmail.fm>
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/804 fix GH-804
+
+Tue May 19 11:18:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (rb_data_typed_object_alloc),
+	  (rb_data_object_alloc): add old names for source level backward
+	  compatibilities.
+
+	* gc.c (rb_data_object_alloc, rb_data_typed_object_alloc): add
+	  aliases for binary level backward compatibilities.
+
+Tue May 19 09:54:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (Data_Make_Struct0): needs function pointer
+	  casts to fix function overloading in C++.
+
+Tue May 19 09:43:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (Data_Make_Struct0, TypedData_Make_Struct0):
+	  explicit cast from void* is necessary as implicit cast is
+	  disallowed in C++.
+
+Mon May 18 15:31:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_f_notimplement): should not respond to
+	  not-implemented methods.  as the address inside a DLL and the
+	  imported address are different on Windows, use an exported
+	  variable to share the same address.
+
+Mon May 18 13:55:01 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/monitor.rb (mon_try_enter, mon_enter): should reset @mon_count
+	  just in case the previous owner thread dies without mon_exit.
+	  [fix GH-874] Patch by @chrisberkhout
+
+Sun May 17 17:21:29 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb (set_non_blocking): use IO#nonblock=
+	* (set_close_on_exec): use IO#close_on_exec=
+	  [Feature #11136]
+
+Sun May 17 15:01:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* numeric.c (num_positive_p, num_negative_p): add methods
+	  Numeric#positive? and Numeric#negative?.
+	  [ruby-core:69173] [Feature #11151]
+
+	* numeric.c (flo_positive_p, flo_negative_p): specialized
+	  functions for Float.
+
+	* complex.c (Init_Complex): Complex do not have positive? and
+	  negative? methods
+
+Sun May 17 14:57:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb (accept_client): avoid redundant fcntl call
+	  [Feature #11137]
+
+Sun May 17 12:13:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (cloexec_accept): support nonblock flag and
+	  use SOCK_NONBLOCK if possible
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock):
+	  update cloexec_accept call
+	* ext/socket/init.c (accept_blocking): ditto for blocking
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: check nonblock? on accepted socket
+	  [Feature #11138]
+
+Sun May 17 03:58:59 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* load.c (loaded_feature_path): stop returning false negatives for
+	  filenames which are trailing substrings of file extensions.  For
+	  example, 'b', which a trailing substring of ".rb" should not return
+	  false. [Bug #11155][ruby-core:69206]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_autoload.rb: test for fix
+
+Sat May 16 21:41:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c: added documentation for character sequence \' with String#sub
+	  [Bug #11132][ruby-core:69121][fix GH-900][ci skip] Patch by @shishir127
+
+Sat May 16 21:38:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enum.c: fix a sample code. Patch by @eagletmt
+	  [fix GH-901][ci skip]
+
+Sat May 16 21:17:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_data_object_wrap, rb_data_typed_object_wrap): rename
+	  alloc as wrap.  these functions do not allocate data pointers
+	  but just wrap the given pointers.
+
+Sat May 16 19:59:24 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_accept): simplified.
+
+Fri May 15 18:28:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_assoc, rb_ary_rassoc): [DOC] the result when key
+	  was found is the existing element, not a new array.  reported by
+	  Giau Nguyen <giaunv AT nustechnology.com>.
+
+Fri May 15 08:24:28 2015  Takeyuki FUJIOKA  <xibbar@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/cgi/cookie.rb: Implement HttpOnly flag for cookies.
+	  [fix GH-887] Patch by @martinpovolny
+
+Fri May 15 06:54:19 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* variable.c: Change autoload to call `require` through Ruby rather
+	  than directly calling `rb_require_safe`.  This allows things like
+	  RubyGems to intercept file loading done though `autoload`.
+	  [Feature #11140]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_autoload.rb: Test for change.
+
+Wed Apr  8 19:18:02 2015  Shota Fukumori (sora_h)  <her@sorah.jp>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_grep_v, grep_i, grep_iter_i, Init_enum):
+	  Implement Enumerable#grep_v. [Feature #11049]
+
+Thu May 14 15:54:13 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb: Remove condition of RUBY_VERSION <= 1.9.
+	  [Feature #11082]
+
+Wed May 13 17:10:37 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_to_a): revert r50457.
+	  it requires recursion check.
+	  then, it doesn't make performance improvement.
+	  [Bug #11130] [Feature #9118]
+
+Wed May 13 11:13:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (parse_gvar): separate message for gvar without
+	  non-space characters from message for invalid identifiers.
+
+Tue May 12 22:18:27 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_to_a): fix incompatibility introduced in r50457.
+	  [Bug #11130]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_enum.rb: test for above.
+
+Tue May 12 17:08:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* method.h: remove unused declaration.
+
+Mon May 11 10:58:45 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: Update minitest-5.6.1 and power_assert-0.2.3.
+
+Mon May 11 00:20:31 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h (Data_Make_Struct, TypedData_Make_Struct):
+	  allocate wrapper data object before allocating DATA_PTR to get
+	  rid of possible memory leak when the former failed.
+
+Sun May 10 21:32:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): call dmark function for non-NULL
+	  pointers only, so that DATA_PTR can be NULL safely now.
+
+Sun May 10 16:23:58 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_binding): fix segmentation fault on marking phase.
+	  envptr of newenvval should not be NULL.
+
+	  You can reproduce by
+	   make test-all TESTS='--gc-stress -n test_to_proc_binding ruby/test_method.rb'
+
+Sun May 10 12:41:18 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/zlib/zlib.c (rb_gzreader_external_encoding):
+	  define GzipReader#external_encoding.
+	  [Bug #10900]
+
+	* test/zlib/test_zlib.rb: test for above.
+
+Sun May 10 11:57:48 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/win32ole/win32ole_variant.c: fix typo "indicies".
+	  the patch is from davydovanton <antondavydov.o at gmail.com>.
+	  [fix GH-892]
+
+	* lib/rubygems/indexer.rb: ditto.
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_indexer.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun May 10 11:44:37 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_crypt): Raise ArgumentError when
+	  string passed to String#crypt contains null.
+	  the patch is from jrusnack <jrusnack at redhat.com>.
+	  [Bug #10988] [fix GH-853]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_string.rb: test for above.
+
+Sun May 10 11:23:03 2015  Masaki Matsushita <glass.saga@gmail.com>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_to_a): Use size to set array capa when possible.
+	  the patch is from HonoreDB <aweiner at mdsol.com>.
+	  [fix GH-444]
+
+Sat May  9 06:48:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ancdata.c (bsock_recvmsg_internal): GC guard
+	  [Bug #11123]
+
+Fri May  8 22:57:24 2015  takiy33  <takiy33@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/matrix/test_matrix.rb (test_determinant): refactor test on
+	  Matrix#determinant, by merging with test_det for an alias method
+	  det.  [Fix GH-897]
+
+Fri May  8 15:43:11 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/imap.rb (body_ext_mpart): should work even if body-fld-dsp
+	  is omitted.  [ruby-core:69093] [Bug #11128]
+
+Fri May  8 15:05:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc: fix a missing "a"
+	  [fix GH-888][ci skip] Patch by @riffraff
+
+Fri May  8 12:11:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_method_call_status): resolve refined method entry
+	  to check if undefined.  [ruby-core:69064] [Bug #11117]
+
+Thu May  7 22:22:59 2015  Sho Hashimoto  <sho-h@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c: [DOC] fix Binding#local_variable_set example. [ci skip]
+
+Thu May  7 11:32:57 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Makefile.in (rbconfig.rb): add rule to make.
+
+Thu May  7 05:14:39 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (connect_nonblock): use IO#wait_writable
+	* lib/drb/drb.rb (DRB::DRbTCPSocket#alive?): use IO#wait_readable
+	* lib/webrick/httpserver.rb (run): ditto
+	* lib/resolv.rb (request): ditto for single socket case
+	  [ruby-core:68943] [Feature #11081]
+
+Wed May  6 22:49:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_method_call_status): undefined refined method is
+	  not callable unless using.  [ruby-core:69064] [Bug #11117]
+
+Sun May  3 22:40:06 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c: need to include sys/statvfs.h
+	  to use statvfs().
+
+	* ext/-test-/file/extconf.rb: check the existence of
+	  sys/statvfs.h
+
+Sun May  3 21:59:48 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/yaml.rb: fix typo. [ci skip][fix GH-890]
+	  Patch by @miketheman
+
+Sun May  3 10:02:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* range.c (linear_object_p, range_include): test if covered for
+	  linear objects.  [ruby-core:69052] [Bug #11113]
+
+Fri May  1 13:30:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dln.c (dln_load): check if a different libruby is loaded by the
+	  extension library, and then bail out to get rid of very
+	  frequently reported stale bug reports.
+
+Thu Apr 30 19:51:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (iseq_compile_each): revert r46873 and r46875, not to
+	  allow to execute private readers by pretending op assign.
+	  [ruby-core:68984] [Bug #11096]
+
+Thu Apr 30 17:02:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* rational.c: Added documentation for rational literal.
+	  [Bug #11075][fix GH-885][ci skip] Patch by @shishir127
+
+Thu Apr 30 16:39:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/ipsocket.c (init_inetsock_internal): preserve errno
+	  before other library calls and use rb_syserr_fail.
+	  [ruby-core:68531] [Bug #10975]
+
+Thu Apr 30 16:22:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (lambda): push and reset cmdarg_stack in lambda body.
+	  [ruby-core:69017] [Bug #11107]
+
+Sun Apr 26 07:36:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enc/utf_8.c (code_to_mbclen, code_to_mbc): reject values larger
+	  than UTF-8 max codepoints.  [Feature #11094]
+
+Sat Apr 25 14:26:19 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (str_buf_cat): expand later so that the buffer can be
+	  larger for further use.  [Bug #11080] [Bug #11095]
+
+Fri Apr 24 23:48:45 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* misc/ruby-electric.el: Import version 2.2.3 from
+	  https://github.com/knu/ruby-electric.el.
+
+Fri Apr 24 10:40:02 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_{getc,putc}): removed.  they are needed for old
+	  ruby (before 1.8), but not now.
+
+Fri Apr 24 08:40:13 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c: remove bcc related code.
+
+	* include/ruby/win32.h: ditto.
+
+Fri Apr 24 08:21:07 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_acrt_lowio_lock_fh): wrap _pioinfo(i)->lock.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_acrt_lowio_unlock_fh): ditto.
+
+Fri Apr 24 06:47:19 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (_filbuf): msvc14 doesn't have it, use _fgetc_nolock.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (_flsbuf): msvc14 doesn't have it, use _fputc_nolock.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (vcruntime_file): define vcruntime_file on msvc14
+	  because it doesn't export FILE's internal structure.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (FILE_COUNT): added to abstract FILE->_cnt.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (FILE_READPTR): added to abstract FILE->_ptr.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (FILE_FILENO): added to abstract FILE->_file.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (init_stdhandle): use FILE_FILENO.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_getc): use FILE_COUNT and FILE_READPTR.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_putc): ditto.
+
+Fri Apr 24 06:37:07 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (dupfd): use _set_osfhnd.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wopen): use _set_osflags.
+
+Thu Apr 24 05:38:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_roots): fox to work PRINT_ROOT_TICKS.
+
+Fri Apr 24 04:49:05 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/Makefile.sub: MSVC14 have struct timespec.
+
+	* win32/rtname.cmd: support vcruntime140.dll.
+
+	* time.c (localtime_with_gmtoff_zone): MSVC14 doesn't have tzname and
+	  daylight but have _tzname and _daylight.
+
+Thu Apr 23 11:35:55 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_obj_instance_eval, rb_obj_instance_exec): allow
+	  symbols to just instance_eval/exec, except for definition of
+	  singletons.  [ruby-core:68961] [Bug #11086]
+
+Thu Apr 23 10:01:36 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/delegate.rb: fix a typo.
+	  [fix GH-881][ci skip] Patch by @Zorbash
+
+Wed Apr 22 18:36:50 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/imap.rb (move, uid_move): support the MOVE command defined
+	  in RFC6851.  Patch by ojab ojab.
+	  [ruby-core:68960] [Feature #11077]
+
+Tue Apr 22 12:42:12 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_object.rb: add tests for Kernel#String and Kernel#Array.
+	  [fix GH-879][fix GH-880] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Tue Apr 21 20:46:02 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_object.rb: renamed tests to explicitly class name.
+	  [fix GH-877] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Tue Apr 21 05:31:00 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/lib/socket.rb (connect_internal): avoid common exceptions
+	  from connect_nonblock. [ruby-core:68909]
+
+Mon Apr 20 23:46:53 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wreadlink): follow the official format of
+	  REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER structure.
+
+Mon Apr 20 20:23:04 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk ($(arch)-fake.rb): revert r50354 because bsdmake seems not
+	  to handle such substitution.
+
+	* tool/expand-config.rb: convert path separators here.
+
+Mon Apr 20 16:52:20 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/fake.rb: don't fake libdir.  use libdirname instead.
+
+Mon Apr 20 16:49:52 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (MakeMakefile#configuration): DESTDIR should never affect
+	  top_srcdir and builddir.
+
+Mon Apr 20 16:18:17 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk ($(arch)-fake.rb): fix the path separator up for Windows.
+
+Mon Apr 20 15:02:47 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wreadlink): fixed a bug that a junction misses
+	  its drive letter.
+
+Mon Apr 20 12:54:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/*: use license instead of licence.
+	  [fix GH-876][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
+	* lib/net/https.rb: ditto.
+
+Mon Apr 20 12:42:40 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_so_meteor_contest.rb: fix a typo.
+	  [fix GH-876][ci skip] Patch by @davydovanton
+	* tool/bisect.sh: ditto.
+	* tool/update-deps: ditto.
+
+Mon Apr 20 11:10:46 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock): do not raise EISCONN
+	  [ruby-core:68926] [Feature #11072]
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb: check non-EISCONN on 2nd connect
+
+Sun Apr 19 12:19:17 2015  Chad Brewbaker  <crb002@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/{etc,openssl,tk}: Adding parens and comparisons around
+	  assignments to get rid of Wparentheses warnings.  [Fix GH-875]
+
+Sun Apr 19 10:42:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (get_env_cstr): environment variables must be ASCII
+	  compatible, as dummy encodings and wide char encodings are
+	  unsupported now.
+
+Sat Apr 18 15:18:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/json/parser/parser.rl: raise with messages in UTF-8
+	  encoding.  [ruby-core:67386] [Bug #10705]
+
+Fri Apr 17 11:58:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (STR_SET_EMBED): clear NOFREE flag at embedding as
+	  embedded strings no longer refer static strings.
+	  [ruby-core:68436] [Bug #10942]
+
+Thu Apr 16 05:15:50 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* NEWS: note IO#wait_readable change in r50263
+
+Thu Apr 16 05:09:36 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/net/protocol.rb (rbuf_fill): use IO#wait_*able
+	* lib/net/http/generic_request.rb (wait_for_continue): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:68891] [Feature #11056]
+
+Wed Apr 15 18:43:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_trace.c (rb_tracepoint_new): fix documentation.
+	  Commented by @emilsoman.
+
+Wed Apr 15 17:36:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_trace.c (rb_tracepoint_new): Add documentation for
+	  rb_tracepoint_new C level API [ci skip]
+	  Provided by @emilsoman. [fix GH-869]
+
+Wed Apr 15 10:37:40 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <hsbt@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/contributors.rdoc: fix a typo. Patch by @davydovanton
+	  [fix GH-872][ci skip]
+	* doc/syntax/methods.rdoc: ditto.
+	* ext/digest/sha2/sha2.c: ditto.
+	* ext/socket/ipsocket.c: ditto.
+	* ext/tk/*: ditto.
+
+Wed Apr 15 07:51:23 2015  Yuki Yugui Sonoda  <yugui@yugui.jp>
+
+	* doc/extension.ja.rdoc: Added description of TypedData_XXX.
+	  Deprecated the old DATA_XXX.
+	  Reviewed by ko1 and nobu.
+	  Fixes [ruby-dev:40881] #3064
+
+	* doc/extension.rdoc: ditto.
+
+Wed Apr 15 07:34:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (reserve_stack): keep sp safe zone to get rid
+	  of crash by -fstack-check.  [ruby-core:68740] [Bug #11030]
+
+Tue Apr 14 16:03:49 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/merger.rb (versionup): should also increment revision when
+	  changing teeny.
+
+Tue Apr 14 11:24:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/-test-/printf/printf.c (uint_to_str): renamed to get rid of
+	  conflict on cygwin.  [ruby-core:68877] [Bug #11065]
+
+Tue Apr 14 08:59:04 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* gc.c: [DOC] Improve documentation for ObjectSpace.count_objects
+	  with regards to `:TOTAL` key, with patch by @schneems [Fixes GH-871]
+	  https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/871 [Bug #11067]
+
+Mon Apr 13 22:44:07 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/lib/envutil.rb (File.mkfifo): Defined using mkfifo command.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: Use File.mkfifo.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: Ditto.
+
+Mon Apr 13 21:20:20 2015  CHIKANAGA Tomoyuki  <nagachika@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb: stricter hostname verification
+	  following RFC 6125. with the patch provided by Tony Arcieri and
+	  Hiroshi Nakamura [ruby-core:61545] [Bug #9644]
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl.rb: add tests for above.
+
+Sun Apr 12 18:40:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json/json.gemspec: bump version to 1.8.2.
+	* ext/json/lib/json/version.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun Apr 12 18:12:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json/json.gemspec, lib/rdoc/rdoc.gemspec: added gemspec directly.
+	* defs/default_gems, tool/rbinstall.rb: removed default_gems definition.
+	  it make simple installation for default gems.
+
+Sun Apr 12 17:35:17 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json/*, test/json/*: Reverted r50231.  Because it's not
+	  working with cross-compile environment.
+
+Sun Apr 12 15:34:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (arg): fix segfault by null caused by syntax error.
+	  [ruby-core:68851] [Bug #10957]
+
+Sun Apr 12 15:11:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb: use explicitly exception class and reverted
+	  to require JSON library for rubygems tests with Ruby 2.2.0 or earlier.
+
+Sun Apr 12 15:10:18 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/wait/wait.c (io_wait_readable): simply returns that IO is
+	  readable without blocking, but no longer returns EOF.
+
+	* ext/io/wait/wait.c (io_ready_p, io_wait_readable): try polling
+	  first and check FIONREAD optionally to see if EOF.
+	  [ruby-core:36805] [Feature #4849]
+
+Sun Apr 12 14:53:23 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb: fixed json load error for rubygems tests.
+
+Sun Apr 12 14:13:28 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* gc.c: Document require name for ObjectSpace methods.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-860] Patch by @schneems
+
+Sun Apr 12 13:54:05 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: New test that open(fifo) doesn't block other
+	  threads.
+
+Sun Apr 12 13:52:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/coverage/coverage.c: Remove extension from require argument.
+	  [ci skip][fix GH-870] Patch by @yui-knk
+
+Sun Apr 12 10:29:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_connect_nonblock):
+	  support `exception: false'
+	* (get_no_exception): move function location
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_connect_nonblock):
+	  support `exception: false'
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb (test_connect_accept_nonblock_no_exception):
+	  test `exception: false' on connect,
+	  rename from `test_accept_nonblock_no_exception'
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb (test_connect_nonblock_no_exception):
+	  new test
+
+Sun Apr 12 09:57:16 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test a block device on GNU/Linux.
+
+Sun Apr 12 09:24:03 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test a file not owned.
+
+Sun Apr 12 09:05:44 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/depend: Fix "Wrong mix of special targets" error with
+	  OpenBSD make.
+
+Sun Apr 12 09:04:37 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Windows doesn't support Unix file
+	  modes.
+
+Sun Apr 12 08:56:44 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c: OpenBSD needs sys/param.h before sys/mount.h.
+
+Sun Apr 12 08:52:01 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test suid, sgid and sticky file.
+
+Sat Apr 11 23:48:30 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* template/fake.rb.in: Don't assign baseruby, Because it's affect to
+	  Makefile of native gem like json on bundled gems.
+
+Sat Apr 11 23:33:22 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_f_test): Consider nsec for "=", "<" and ">" for "test"
+	  method.
+
+Sat Apr 11 23:26:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb: support destdir for native extension gem.
+
+Sat Apr 11 21:02:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb
+	  (TestFileExhaustive#test_stat_socket_p): r50226 accidentally missed
+	  the guard for non-unix environments.
+
+Sat Apr 11 20:14:21 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json/*, test/json/*, defs/default_gems: Gemify JSON library.
+	  [fix GH-867][Feature #11057]
+	* test/ruby/test_extlibs.rb: removed json gem from existence extensions.
+	* gems/bundled_gems: added json gem into bundled gem.
+	* lib/rdoc/rubygems_hook.rb: ignored no json environment.
+	* lib/rubygems/test_case.rb, test/rubygems/*: ditto.
+	* lib/rdoc/test_case.rb, test/rdoc/*: ditto.
+
+Sat Apr 11 15:56:58 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Create sample files lazily.
+
+Sat Apr 11 14:03:47 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test character device using
+	  /dev/null.
+
+Sat Apr 11 10:59:58 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (append_cppflags, append_cflags, append_ldflags):
+	  utility methods to append compiler options.
+
+Sat Apr 11 08:22:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rdoc/text.rb: removed duplicated code.
+
+Sat Apr 11 04:46:42 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/net/protocol.rb (rbuf_fill): avoid exception with read_nonblock
+	  [ruby-core:68787] [Feature #11044]
+
+Fri Apr 10 23:57:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (need_normalization): use getattrlist() if fgetattrlist()
+	  is unavailable, on OSX 10.5.  [ruby-core:68829] [Bug #11054]
+
+Fri Apr 10 22:29:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_compile): pass the given werror flag to try_do
+	  to check if stderr is empty.
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cflags, try_ldflags): default werror to true.
+
+	* win32/Makefile.sub (WERRORFLAG): remove useless option.  VC does
+	  not make warnings of unknown command option an error.
+
+Fri Apr 10 19:34:24 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test socket.
+
+Fri Apr 10 19:38:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: remove debug prints.
+
+Fri Apr 10 19:35:51 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: add ObjectSpace.count_imemo_objects method
+	  to count imemo objects for each type.
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: add a test.
+
+	* NEWS: describe about this addition.
+
+Fri Apr 10 19:34:24 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test anonymous pipe.
+
+Fri Apr 10 19:31:56 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_file_exhaustive.rb: Test named pipe.
+
+Fri Apr 10 19:10:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (setup_hash): unify common routine.
+
+Fri Apr 10 18:29:49 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* process.c (rb_execarg_parent_start1): Handle EINTR.
+
+Fri Apr 10 17:27:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm.c (vm_exec): check other events when RETURN is thrown.
+	  [Bug #10724]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add a test.
+
+Fri Apr 10 11:44:09 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/date/extconf.rb: check warnings.
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cflags): pass options to try_compile.
+
+	* win32/Makefile.sub (WERRORFLAG): make unknown command line
+	  options an error.
+
+Fri Apr 10 08:00:17 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: unfortunately, windows is not POSIX...
+	  cygwin has mkfifo command, but it does not affect system-wide.
+
+Fri Apr 10 02:18:53 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_process.rb: Use mkfifo command instead of mknod
+	  command to create a named pipe.  mkfifo command is defined by POSIX.
+
+Fri Apr 10 01:29:05 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* process.c: Release GVL when opening a file in spawn() to avoid whole
+	  process blocking when opening a named pipe.
+	  (open_func): New function.
+	  (rb_execarg_parent_start1): Extracted from rb_execarg_parent_start and
+	  use rb_thread_call_without_gvl2 to release GVL when opening a file.
+	  (rb_execarg_parent_start): Invoke rb_execarg_parent_start1 via
+	  rb_protect and invoke rb_execarg_parent_end when error.
+
+Thu Apr  9 22:19:19 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* process.c (redirect_open): Removed.
+
+Thu Apr  9 21:38:20 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* internal.h (rb_execarg_parent_end): Declared.
+
+	* process.c: "spawn" opens files in the parent process.
+	  (check_exec_redirect): Add an placeholder for fd in parameters
+	  for fd_open.
+	  (check_exec_fds_1): Delete fd_open condition.
+	  (check_exec_fds): Don't call check_exec_fds_1 with fd_open.
+	  (rb_execarg_parent_start): Open files specified as "spawn" options
+	  and add "dup2" options.
+	  (rb_execarg_parent_end): New function to close opened fds.
+	  (run_exec_open): Removed.
+	  (rb_execarg_run_options): Don't call run_exec_open.
+	  (rb_spawn_internal): Call rb_execarg_parent_end.
+
+	* io.c (pipe_open): Call rb_execarg_parent_end.
+
+	* ext/pty/pty.c (establishShell): Call rb_execarg_parent_end.
+
+Thu Apr  9 20:52:31 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* internal.h (rb_execarg_parent_start): Renamed from rb_execarg_fixup.
+
+	* process.c: Follows the above change.
+
+	* io.c: Ditto.
+
+	* ext/pty/pty.c: Ditto.
+
+Thu Apr  9 20:35:12 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* process.c (fd_clear_cloexec): Extracted from run_exec_dup2.
+
+Thu Apr  9 09:26:47 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ccan/list/list.h: sync with ccan upstream
+	  [ccan commit c2fbfe5282ba264f3485586e7efa8a5967f2d386]
+
+Thu Apr  9 08:24:03 2015  Masahiro Tomita  <tommy@tmtm.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (addrinfo_mload): fix memory leak of
+	  addrinfo.  [ruby-dev:48923] [Bug #11051]
+
+Wed Apr  8 17:45:02 2015  Shannon Skipper  <shannonskipper@gmail.com>
+
+	* version.c (Init_version): the version of the engine or
+	  interpreter.  [Fix GH-858]
+
+Wed Apr  8 16:15:30 2015  Kenta Murata  <mrkn@cookpad.com>
+
+	* bigdecimal: conform to ruby's license.  [ruby-core:68466] [Bug #10952]
+
+Wed Apr  8 14:57:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (rb_w32_wreadlink): should treat junctions like as
+	  symlinks.
+
+Wed Apr  8 14:03:47 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb: fix syntax error.
+
+Wed Apr  8 13:01:06 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): Symbols are compared by the identities
+	  always.  [ruby-core:68767] [Bug #11035]
+
+Tue Apr  7 10:22:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* internal.h: fix typo. Patch by @sferik [fix GH-865]
+
+Mon Apr  6 22:52:35 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* enum.c: Enumerable#chunk and Enumerable#slice_before no longer takes
+	  the initial_state argument.  [Feature #10958]
+
+Mon Apr  6 16:09:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_args.c: protect value stack from calling other methods
+	  during complex parameter setting process (splat, kw, and so on).
+	  [Bug #11027]
+
+	* vm_core.h: remove rb_thread_t::mark_stack_len.
+	  With this modification, we don't need to use th->mark_stack_len.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_keyword.rb: add a test.
+
+	* cont.c (cont_capture): catch up this fix.
+
+	* vm.c (rb_thread_mark): ditto.
+
+Mon Apr  6 11:26:42 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/downloader.rb (http_options): prevent content auto decoding
+	  because this is a downloader.
+
+Sun Apr  5 09:55:18 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/contributing.rdoc: update Maintainers list.
+
+Sun Apr  5 09:11:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb: fix bin script permission of bundled gems.
+
+Sun Apr  5 08:46:08 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb: support --program-suffix option.
+
+Sat Apr  4 21:31:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rake/*: Gemify rake [fix GH-862][Feature #11025]
+	* test/rake/*: ditto.
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb: ditto.
+
+Sat Apr  4 11:30:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_setbyte): check the argument first not to
+	  discard shared string and code range unnecessarily until
+	  actually changing the contents.  pointed out by headius.
+
+Sat Apr  4 08:16:43 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb (edit_path): use path which is absolute ftp url
+	  on using ftp_proxy.
+
+Fri Apr  3 11:43:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (vm_call0_cfunc): update invoker arguments.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_cfunc_latter): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_call_cfunc_push_frame): ditto, and prefix
+	  with rb_.
+
+Thu Apr  2 16:26:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk, tool/mkconfig.rb: check the running ruby version in
+	  rbconfig.rb with the program version, as RUBY_VERSION has never
+	  been affected by --with-ruby-version option.
+	  [ruby-core:68639] [Bug #11002]
+
+	* configure.in (LIBRUBY_DLDFLAGS): compatibility_version must be
+	  valid version numbers, not an arbitrary string.
+
+Wed Apr  1 11:09:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (push_glob): remove indirect links of arguments for
+	  trampoline.
+
+Wed Apr  1 09:59:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/fileutils.rb (FileUtils#mv): show the exact target path in
+	  the error message instead of the destination parent directory
+	  name.  patched by Joao Britto <jabcalves AT gmail.com> at
+	  [ruby-core:68706].  [Bug #11021]
+
+Tue Mar 31 15:25:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/ChangeLog-0.06_to_0.52: added archived Changelog.
+	  [ruby-list:50105]
+	* doc/ChangeLog-0.50_to_0.60: ditto.
+	* doc/ChangeLog-0.60_to_1.1: ditto.
+
+Mon Mar 30 22:02:55 2015  Kazuhiro NISHIYAMA  <zn@mbf.nifty.com>
+
+	* README.EXT.ja: add redirect [ruby-core:68631]
+
+Mon Mar 30 14:42:41 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (fileattr_to_unixmode, winnt_lstat): deal with
+	  symbolic link than directory, and set executable bits.
+
+Mon Mar 30 11:27:54 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (copy_stream_body): use the arguments without conversion if
+	  having read, readpartial, and write methods, than conversion by
+	  to_path method.  [ruby-core:68676] [Bug #11015]
+
+Sun Mar 29 21:08:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* gc.c (objspace_allrefs_destruct_i): fix a typo.
+	  [Bug #11013]
+
+Sun Mar 29 11:51:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_binding): replicate env from method object, and
+	  allocate the local variable area for the iseq local table.
+	  [ruby-core:68673] [Bug #11012]
+
+Sat Mar 28 09:19:41 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/date/extconf.rb: try_cflags("-std=iso9899:1999") [Bug #10906]
+	  ruby itself (including numeric.c) is built with strict compile
+	  options including -std=iso9899:1999, but ext/date is not.
+	  By the way -std=iso9899:1999 is not only a warning option but also
+	  changes behavior like MACRO definitions for example INFINITY.
+	  gcc on Solaris affect this.
+
+Fri Mar 27 16:34:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk: revert using BOOTSTRAPRUBY for enc.mk, as
+	  enc/depend uses CONFIG.  [ruby-core:68647] [Bug #11004]
+
+Thu Mar 26 10:05:13 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/test_observer.rb: add tests for Observable module.
+	  [fix GH-859] Patch by @brightbits
+
+Thu Mar 26 06:35:10 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* README.EXT: add redirect [ruby-core:68631]
+
+Wed Mar 25 16:46:49 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/extconf.rb: Solaris 11 has struct tcp_info.tcpi_ca_state,
+	  but it is a dummy.
+
+	* ext/socket/option.c: Solaris 11 doesn't have u_intN_t.
+
+	* ext/socket/option.c: Solaris 11 needs inspect_tcpi_msec.
+
+	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c: Solaris 11 has AF_PACKET but doesn't have
+	  related macros.
+
+Wed Mar 25 17:03:08 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c (get_fsname): try magic number only if
+	  f_type is included.  [ruby-dev:48913] [Bug #11000]
+
+Wed Mar 25 11:20:40 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_flo.rb: make more realistic data.
+	  [ruby-core:68632] [[Bug #10999]
+
+Wed Mar 25 10:39:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* .document: removed needless entries.
+
+Wed Mar 25 08:07:28 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* doc/extension.rdoc: fix spelling of filename
+	* doc/extension.ja.rdoc: ditto.
+
+Tue Mar 25 06:55:43 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* complex.c (k_inexact_p, k_exact_zero_p): use k_exact_zero_p macro
+	  to remove k_inexact_p macro.
+
+	* complex.c (k_exact_one_p): remove unused macro k_exact_one_p.
+
+Tue Mar 24 22:23:33 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/extension.rdoc: move from toplevel document and added extname.
+	* doc/extension.ja.rdoc: ditto.
+
+Tue Mar 24 22:06:58 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/standard_library.rdoc: strip.
+
+Tue Mar 24 22:06:27 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/standard_library.rdoc: move Thread to Extensions.
+
+Tue Mar 24 21:59:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/contributing.rdoc: update Maintainers list.
+
+Tue Mar 24 19:10:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational): fix messages for rb_bug().
+	  Remove `rb_' prefix.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_incremental): ditto.
+
+Tue Mar 24 17:34:01 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* README.ja.md: should be chunibyo.
+
+Tue Mar 24 17:30:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/-test-/file/fs.c (get_fsname): return filesystem name by
+	  statfs/statvfs.  [ruby-core:68624] [Bug #10998]
+
+Tue Mar 24 16:46:02 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: now doesn't required spaces just after
+	  `!`.
+
+Mon Mar 23 23:18:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (dir_close): don't raise on double close for consistent to
+	  IO#close.  [Feature #10950]
+
+Mon Mar 23 21:22:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_readlink): move from file.c for better buffer
+	  allocation and the result encoding.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (wreadlink, rb_w32_ureadlink): implement readlink().
+
+Mon Mar 23 14:40:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (winnt_stat): stat with following symbolic links.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (winnt_lstat): rename old winnt_stat, which does
+	  not follow symbolic links.
+
+Mon Mar 23 01:44:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* marshal.c (r_symreal): register symbol names as strings first so
+	  that r_symlink always returns valid names.
+	  [ruby-core:68587] [Bug #10991]
+
+	* marshal.c (r_ivar, r_object0): now need to intern symbol names.
+
+	* marshal.c (r_object0): compare with symbol names.
+
+Sun Mar 22 22:07:40 2015  Kouhei Sutou  <kou@cozmixng.org>
+
+	* doc/etc.rd.ja: Fix wrong coding for Emacs.
+
+Sun Mar 22 09:53:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/make-snapshot (package): add default CONFIGURE name to
+	  follow r50039.
+
+	* tool/make-snapshot (package): substitute configuration variables
+	  in Makefile.in instead of passing by the command line, and make
+	  temporary Makefile instead of a pipe.
+
+Sun Mar 22 08:09:47 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk (ext/ripper/ripper.c, ext/rbconfig/sizeof/sizes.c):
+	  strip autogenerated dependencies which have invalid syntax in
+	  other than nmake.
+
+Sat Mar 21 15:01:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/console/console.c (console_set_winsize): use handle for
+	  writing.  GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo seems failing on a handle
+	  for reading.
+
+	* io.c: [DOC] update the example of IO#winsize to use $stdout
+	  instead of $stdin, which does not work on Windows.  a patch by
+	  Jan Lelis <mail AT janlelis.de> at [ruby-core:68574].
+	  [Bug #10986]
+
+Fri Mar 20 18:41:03 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* proc.c (respond_to_missing_p): check if the receiver responds to
+	  the given method by respond_to_missing?.
+
+	* proc.c (mnew_missing): create Method object for method_missing.
+	  [ruby-core:68564] [Bug #10985]
+
+Fri Mar 20 17:43:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* .travis.yml: enabled email notification.
+
+Fri Mar 20 17:39:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* .travis.yml: removed Ruby 1.9.3 build on Travis CI
+
+Fri Mar 20 12:38:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): obj_info() can receive internal objects.
+
+	* gc.c (check_rvalue_consistency): obj_info() returns const char *.
+
+Fri Mar 20 12:14:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): show class name and T_DATA type_name.
+
+Thu Mar 19 22:12:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute): `dest' can be WB unprotected.
+
+Thu Mar 19 21:25:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute): demote `dest' object.
+
+Thu Mar 19 16:18:00 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c, internal.h: export rb_gc_verify_internal_consistency().
+
+Thu Mar 19 16:15:24 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): show allocation site if GC_DEBUG is not 0.
+
+Thu Mar 19 16:12:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (newobj_of): fix RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK logics.
+	  * skip on incremental marking because not sure what happen :p
+	  * rb_gc_writebarrier_remember() is enough to mark children.
+
+Thu Mar 19 16:08:42 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute): need demote for old objects.
+
+Thu Mar 19 10:31:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* random.c (fill_random_bytes): release the handle in the static
+	  variable, not a local variable.
+
+Thu Mar 19 06:30:35 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* object.c (rb_obj_clone): do not touch age (FL_PROMOTED[01]) because
+	  rb_obj_alloc() can return old object in debug.
+
+Thu Mar 19 06:29:28 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/objspace/test_objspace.rb: flag name was changed
+	  (long_lived -> uncollectible).
+
+Thu Mar 19 05:30:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* iseq.c (iseq_mark): skip some marking if iseq->orig is available.
+
+	* iseq.c (rb_iseq_clone): need WB for iseq1->klass = iseq0->klass
+	  (done in MEMCPY).
+
+Thu Mar 19 04:55:53 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h (IMEMO_DEBUG): added.
+
+	* internal.h: remove unused FL_IMEMO_MARK_V[0-3].
+
+	* gc.c (rb_imemo_new_debug): added.
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): show imemo type name.
+
+Thu Mar 19 04:52:26 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK): add check mechanism.
+
+	  If RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK > 0, then create old objects
+	  (not new objects) periodically.
+
+	  Create one old objects per RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK objects are
+	  created.
+
+Thu Mar 19 04:46:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_sort_by): add WBs.
+
+Thu Mar 19 03:37:52 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (check_rvalue_consistency): refactoring.
+	  * not inline on RGENGC_CHECK_MODE > 0.
+	  * check SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj) first.
+	  * add a check that remembered_bit is only TRUE when old (age == 3).
+
+	* gc.c (RVALUE_DEMOTE): should clear RVALUE_REMEMBERED bit.
+
+	  remembered_bit should be TRUE only for old (age == 3) objects.
+
+	  Actually there are no effect because demoted objects will be
+	  uncollectible WB unprotected objects (marked at the beginning of
+	  every minor GC).
+
+Thu Mar 19 02:52:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: rename terminologies.
+	  * long_lived -> uncollectible:
+	    because this bitmap does not mean "long lived objects in past",
+	    but means "prohibit collection these objects until next major GC".
+
+	    Uncollectible objects consist of two types objects, one is old
+	    objects (WB protected objects which age == 3) and another is
+	    uncollectible WB unprotected objects which are referred from old
+	    objects
+
+	  * remembered_wb_unprotected_objects ->
+	    uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects:
+	    because uncollectible objects does not mean remembered objects.
+
+Wed Mar 18 17:21:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational): add an alternative write
+	  barrier (WB) implementation.
+	  When finding reference from [Old obj] to [New obj] by WB, current
+	  implementation marks [Old obj] as remembered old objects and marks
+	  children of [Old obj] at the beginning of marking.
+
+	  Added (but disabled) code changes current behaviour. This fix promote
+	  [New obj] to old and marks as a remembered old object. We can assume
+	  "new objects referred from old objects are maybe long-lived old
+	  objects".
+
+	  Disadvantage of added algorithm is we may promote unwilling
+	  short-lived objects. For example, consider many new objects push and
+	  pop to an old stack object. All of new objects (short-lived objects)
+	  promote to old objects unexpectedly.
+
+	  To compare these behaviour, I add this new code (but disabled it).
+
+Wed Mar 18 17:14:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (RVALUE_PROMOTE_RAW): rename to RVALUE_OLD_LONG_LIVED_SET()
+	  to make clear.
+
+Wed Mar 18 17:10:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (check_rvalue_consistency): do not need to check is_sweeping().
+
+Wed Mar 18 14:13:22 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary.rb: run GC to finish "marking" phase.
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_obj.rb: ditto.
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted.rb: add parameter
+	  full_mark: false to invoke only minor GC.
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_obj_promoted.rb: ditto.
+
+Wed Mar 18 12:07:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* string.c: add a comment about RSTRING_FSTR.
+
+Wed Mar 18 12:01:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): use same hash values with Float#hash so
+	  that -0.0 and +0.0 will be identical.
+	  [ruby-core:68541] [Bug #10979]
+
+Wed Mar 18 05:34:32 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* string.c: introduce STR_FAKESTR to show string is FAKESTR or not.
+
+	* string.c (STR_SET_SHARED): ignore FAKESTR because only Ruby objects
+	  can use write barrier.
+
+Tue Mar 17 18:59:16 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: use rb_gc_writebrrier() simply.
+	  For incremental GC, we need to get a pointer to the objspace.
+	  We can share this pointer for the following WB process.
+	  And considering icache hit ratio, process in the GC.
+
+	* gc.c (rb_gc_writebarrier): added.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_writebarrier_generational, gc_writebarrier_incremental):
+	  make them NOINLINE because inlining them into rb_gc_writebarrier()
+	  makes a prologue code of rb_gc_writebarrier() longer (storing callee
+	  save registers).
+
+	  This patch improve the performance of WB on micro-benchmarks.
+
+	  name                   ruby 2.1   trunk   modified
+	  vm1_gc_wb_ary*            0.511   0.632      0.532
+	  vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted*   0.578   0.701      0.674
+	  vm1_gc_wb_obj*            0.419   0.575      0.492
+	  vm1_gc_wb_obj_promoted*   0.537   0.664      0.618
+	                                                 (sec)
+
+Tue Mar 17 18:51:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary(_promoted).rb: separate fastpath and
+	  slowpath for WB.
+
+	  Before this change bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary.rb tried to check the performance
+	  for WB slowpath (making a reference from oldobj to newobj). However,
+	  from Ruby 2.2, 3 GCs are needed to promote new objects because
+	  only 3 age objects are promoted objects.
+
+	  To compare fastpath and slowpath, introduce new "promoted" version
+	  benchmark.
+
+	  bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary.rb is for fastpath and
+	  bm_vm1_gc_wb_ary_promoted.rb is for slowpath.
+
+	* benchmark/bm_vm1_gc_wb_obj(_promoted).rb: ditto.
+
+Tue Mar 17 17:23:11 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (glob_helper): distinguish not-yet-stated and DT_UNKNOWN
+	  by readdir, and traverse recursively for the former.  Linux
+	  readdir returns DT_UNKNOWN on some filesystems, e.g., smbfs,
+	  iso9660.
+
+Mon Mar 16 17:43:21 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb: Fix regression bug in WEBrick's
+	  :DoNotReverseLookup config option implementation.
+	  [fix GH-731] Patch by @vais
+	* test/webrick/test_do_not_reverse_lookup.rb: ditto.
+
+Sat Mar 14 20:05:23 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* math.c (math_gamma): optimization for passed small integer.
+
+Sat Mar 14 18:07:23 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enum.c: [DOC] Fixes Enumerable#member? documentation
+	  [fix GH-756][ci skip] Patch by @shamanime
+
+Sat Mar 14 12:23:53 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (glob_helper): use d_type to reduce lstat system calls.
+
+	* win32/dir.h (struct direct): add d_type instead of d_isdir and
+	  d_isrep.  SYMLINKD is unreliable, since the target can be
+	  replaced after a link was created.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (readdir_internal): set d_type.
+
+Sat Mar 14 02:14:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (primary): empty parentheses at cmdarg can be null.
+	  [ruby-core:68477] [Bug #10957]
+
+Fri Mar 13 15:04:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_close): don't raise on double
+	  close for consistent to IO#close.
+
+Fri Mar 13 15:03:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_close_read, rb_io_close_write): don't raise after
+	  close same as IO#close.
+
+Fri Mar 13 12:29:07 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/readline/test_readline.rb: Restore environment variables:
+	  COLUMNS LINES
+
+Fri Mar 13 11:37:46 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/extconf.rb: needs --enable-shared when linked to
+	  libruby or fiddle.so.  since --with-static-linked-ext does no
+	  longer link extensions to ruby program with --enable-shared, the
+	  only combination needs --enable-static is --disable-shared and
+	  --with-static-linked-ext.  [ruby-dev:48901] [Bug #10960]
+
+Fri Mar 13 07:02:20 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock): use rb_hash_lookup2
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (get_no_exception): new function
+	  (ossl_ssl_accept_nonblock): use get_no_exception
+	  (ossl_ssl_read_internal): ditto
+	  (ossl_ssl_write_nonblock): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:68511]
+
+Fri Mar 13 07:01:38 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c: predefine wait_*able symbols
+
+Thu Mar 12 22:59:53 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb: Check environment variables.
+
+Thu Mar 12 05:54:27 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_s_accept_nonblock):
+	  support exception: false
+	  [ruby-core:66385] [Feature #10532]
+	* ext/socket/init.c (rsock_init_socket_init): define new symbols
+	* ext/socket/rubysocket.h: adjust prototype
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (sock_accept_nonblock): support exception: false
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_accept_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/socket/socket.c (Init_socket): adjust accept_nonblock definition
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (Init_ossl_ssl): ditto
+	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c (rsock_init_tcpserver): ditto
+	* ext/socket/unixserver.c (rsock_init_unixserver): ditto
+	* ext/socket/tcpserver.c (tcp_accept_nonblock): adjust
+	  rsock_s_accept_nonblock call
+	* ext/socket/unixserver.c (unix_accept_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_start_ssl): support no_exception
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_connect): adjust ossl_start_ssl call
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_connect_nonblock): ditto
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c (ossl_ssl_accept): ditto
+	* test/socket/test_nonblock.rb (test_accept_nonblock): test for
+	  "exception :false"
+	* test/socket/test_tcp.rb (test_accept_nonblock): new test
+	* test/socket/test_unix.rb (test_accept_nonblock): ditto
+	* test/openssl/test_pair.rb (test_accept_nonblock_no_exception): ditto
+
+Thu Mar 12 10:53:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h, node.h: move a definition of `struct rb_global_entry'
+	  and related functions from node.h to internal.h.
+
+	* variable.c: remove unused include pragma.
+
+	* common.mk: remove unused dependency.
+
+Thu Mar 12 10:32:39 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* common.mk: remove unused dependency.
+
+Thu Mar 12 08:20:14 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* load.c: removed unused header file "node.h".
+
+	* method.h: ditto.
+
+	* symbol.c: ditto.
+
+Thu Mar 12 08:14:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: RGENGC_CHECK_MODE should be 0.
+
+Thu Mar 12 07:44:17 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: use T_IMEMO to represent `struct MEMO' value.
+	  memo->v1 and memo->v2 is WB protected values.
+	  So use MEMO_V1/V2_SET() macros to set these values.
+	  memo->u3 is ambiguous (sometimes a VALUE, sometimes an integer
+	  value), so use gc_mark_maybe() in gc.c to mark it.
+
+	  Rename NEW_MEMO() to MEMO_NEW().
+
+	  Move MEMO_FOR and NEW_MEMO_FOR macros from node.h.
+
+	  Export a rb_imemo_new() function for ext/ripper.
+
+	* node.h: remove NODE_MEMO.
+
+	* enum.c: catch up these change.
+
+	* enumerator.c: ditto.
+
+	* load.c: ditto.
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c (count_nodes): ditto.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark imemo_memo type.
+
+	* parse.y (new_args_gen): use T_IMEMO.
+	  (I'm not sure it is working correctly...)
+
+Wed Mar 11 22:36:34 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* eval.c (frame_called_id): it should use vm_ifunc type.
+
+	* eval.c (frame_func_id): ditto.
+
+Wed Mar 11 22:27:05 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* node.h: remove NODE_IFUNC, NEW_IFUNC.
+
+	* internal.h: use T_IMEMO for IFUNC.
+
+	  rename `struct IFUNC' to `struct vm_ifunc' and move the definition
+	  from vm_insnhelper.h. Add imemo_ifunc.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark imemo_ifunc type T_IMEMO object.
+
+	* compile.c: catch up these changes.
+
+	* proc.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_core.h (RUBY_VM_IFUNC_P): ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_iterate): ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Mar 11 21:53:43 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h, eval_intern.h: move CREF accessors.
+
+	  List IMEMO supported types in internal.h.
+
+Wed Mar 11 21:45:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h: use T_IMEMO to create THROW_DATA.
+
+	  Add THROW_DATA_NEW().
+
+	* internal.h: move definition of `struct THROW_DATA'
+	  from vm_insnhelper.h to internal.h.
+
+	  Rename `THROW_DATA' to `vm_throw_data'.
+
+	* eval_intern.h (THROW_DATA_P): move to internal.h.
+	  THROW_DATA is no longer T_NODE, so check T_IMEMO.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark THROW_DATA.
+
+	* vm.c: catch up these changes.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Mar 11 21:21:56 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: use T_IMEMO to create SVAR.
+
+	* internal.h, vm_insnhelper.h: move definition `struct SVAR'
+	  from vm_insnhelper.h to internal.h. And rename it to struct vm_svar.
+
+	  new imemo_type imemo_svar is added.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): mark imemo_svar.
+
+	* node.c (rb_gc_mark_node): remove useless marking.
+
+Wed Mar 11 19:35:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: introduce new type T_IMEMO.
+	  T_IMEMO is Internal Memo type, internal use only.
+	  T_IMEMO has same purpose of NODE_MEMO.
+
+	  To insert T_IMEMO, type numbers are modified a little.
+
+	* internal.h: define struct RIMemo. Each RIMemo objects
+	  has imemo_type. We can observe it by the imemo_type() function.
+
+	* gc.c (rb_imemo_new): added.
+
+	* node.h: remove NODE_CREF and NEW_CREF().
+
+	* node.c (rb_gc_mark_node): ditto.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_new): use rb_imem_new().
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: use RIMemo objects for CREF.
+
+	* ext/objspace/objspace.c: support T_IMEMO.
+
+Wed Mar 11 17:03:20 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c: fix memory leak by prepend method.
+
+	  It is easy to reproduce with such script:
+
+	    module M; def bar; end; end
+	    loop{
+	      Class.new do
+	        def foo; end
+	        prepend M
+	      end
+	    }
+
+	* gc.c (obj_free): free T_ICLASS::m_tbl if it is created by prepend.
+	  To recognize it, check RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN flag.
+
+	* gc.c (gc_mark_children): T_ICLASS objects only need to mark
+	  T_ICLASS::m_tbl if RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN is set.
+
+	* gc.c (obj_memsize_of): count T_ICLASS if RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN is set.
+
+	* internal.h (RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN): add to set RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN.
+
+	  TODO: The word `origin' seems not good name. We need to invent
+	  another good name.
+
+	* class.c: use RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN().
+
+	* class.c (class_alloc): zero clear rb_classext_t.
+
+Wed Mar 11 13:28:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: check also procstat_getvmmap, which is not
+	  available on FreeBSD 9.  [ruby-core:68468] [Bug #10954]
+
+	* vm_dump.c (procstat_vm): use kinfo_getvmmap instead if
+	  procstat_getvmmap is not available.
+
+Wed Mar 11 09:15:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: define struct MEMO.
+
+	* enum.c: use MEMO.
+
+	* enumerator.c: ditto.
+
+	* load.c: ditto.
+
+	* node.h: return (struct MEMO *) pointer.
+
+Wed Mar 11 06:26:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h (THROW_DATA_STATE): return int, not VALUE.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h (THROW_DATA_STATE_SET): accept int value.
+
+Wed Mar 11 05:06:46 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_catch_protect): use THROW_DATA_VAL().
+
+Wed Mar 11 04:56:04 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h: define struct IFUNC.
+
+	* vm_eval.c (rb_iterate): use it.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_yield_with_cfunc): ditto.
+
+Wed Mar 11 03:52:12 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* eval_intern.h (THROW_DATA_P): use RB_TYPE_P() instead of
+	  BUILTIN_TYPE().
+
+	* thread.c (thread_join): use THROW_DATA_P().
+
+Wed Mar 11 03:48:01 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* proc.c: use RUBY_VM_IFUNC_P() to recognize IFUNC or not.
+
+	* vm.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_dump.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_core.h (RUBY_VM_IFUNC_P): use RB_TYPE_P() instead of
+	  BUILTIN_TYPE().
+
+Wed Mar 11 03:21:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h: define struct THROW_DATA to represent
+	  throwing data. Also define accessor functions.
+
+	* eval_intern.h: move related changes into vm_insnhelper.h.
+	  Now these MACROs (functions) are only used in vm*.c.
+
+	  There is only THROW_DATA_P(err) to check this data type or not.
+
+	* vm.c: catch up these changes.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: ditto.
+
+Wed Mar 11 00:57:00 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/rubygems/test_gem_security_trust_dir.rb: The return value of
+	  File::Stat#mode is OS dependent. In AIX, 0200000 is set.
+
+Tue Mar 10 20:03:41 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb: Invoke setup_shutdown_pipe in start method
+	  instead of listen method.
+	  [ruby-core:68476] [Bug #10956] Reported by Shintaro Kojima.
+
+Tue Mar 10 17:27:27 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* thread.c (thread_join): Fixnum (except TAG_FATAL) and
+	  NODE should not be reached here.
+
+Mon Mar  9 21:42:10 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (ep_cref): rename to lep_cref() because it should be
+	  local ep.
+
+Mon Mar  9 16:34:36 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/stringio/stringio.c (strio_close): don't raise on double
+	  close for consistent to IO#close.
+
+Mon Mar 09 06:44:48 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h: define struct SVAR for SVAR.
+	  This data type is also same layout of NODE (NODE_IF).
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: catch up this change.
+
+Mon Mar  9 06:43:21 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (lep_svar_set): add WBs.
+
+Mon Mar  9 06:19:06 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: define rb_cref_t and change to use it.
+
+	  rb_cref_t is data type of CREF. Now, the body is still NODE.
+	  It is easy to understand what is CREF and what is pure NODE.
+
+Mon Mar  9 06:00:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.h (COPY_CREF_OMOD): fix translation miss.
+
+Mon Mar  9 04:47:58 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: define CREF accessor macros.
+	  * CREF_CLASS(cref)
+	  * CREF_NEXT(cref)
+	  * CREF_VISI(cref)
+	  * CREF_VISI_SET(cref, v)
+	  * CREF_REFINEMENTS(cref)
+	  * CREF_PUSHED_BY_EVAL(cref)
+	  * CREF_PUSHED_BY_EVAL_SET(cref)
+	  * CREF_OMOD_SHARED(cref)
+	  * CREF_OMOD_SHARED_SET(cref)
+	  * CREF_OMOD_SHARED_UNSET(cref)
+
+	  This is process to change CREF data type from NODE.
+
+Sun Mar  8 22:50:57 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* ext/zlib/zlib.c (rb_gzfile_close): Don't raise on double
+	  close for consistent to IO#close.
+
+Sun Mar  8 16:57:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (glob_helper): match patterns against legacy short names
+	  too, not only ordinary names.  [ruby-core:67954] [Bug #10819]
+
+	* win32/dir.h (struct direct): add short name members.
+
+	* win32/win32.c (opendir_internal, readdir_internal): ditto.
+
+Sat Mar  7 09:36:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c: document that first element is kept when using
+	  Array#uniq and #uniq! [fix GH-845][ci skip]
+	  Patch by @riffraff
+
+Sat Mar  7 09:28:02 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* thread.c: Mutex#owned? is no longer experimental since 2.1.0
+	  [fix GH-839][ci skip] Patch by @takiy33
+
+Sat Mar  7 09:18:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/merger.rb: Added documentation to version method.
+	  [fix GH-847][ci skip] Patch by @magikid
+
+Fri Mar  6 22:50:36 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* class.c (rb_prepend_module): need a WB for klass -> origin.
+
+Fri Mar  6 20:18:38 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* fix namespace issue on singleton class expressions. [Bug #10943]
+
+	* vm_core.h, method.h: remove rb_iseq_t::cref_stack. CREF is stored
+	  to rb_method_definition_t::body.iseq_body.cref.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: modify SVAR usage.
+	  When calling ISEQ type method, push CREF information onto method
+	  frame, SVAR located place. Before this fix, SVAR is simply nil.
+	  After this patch, CREF (or NULL == Qfalse for not iseq methods)
+	  is stored at the method invocation.
+
+	  When SVAR is required, then put NODE_IF onto SVAR location,
+	  and NDOE_IF::nd_reserved points CREF itself.
+
+	* vm.c (vm_cref_new, vm_cref_dump, vm_cref_new_toplevel): added.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_push_frame): accept CREF.
+
+	* method.h, vm_method.c (rb_add_method_iseq): added. This function
+	  accepts iseq and CREF.
+
+	* class.c (clone_method): use rb_add_method_iseq().
+
+	* gc.c (mark_method_entry): mark method_entry::body.iseq_body.cref.
+
+	* iseq.c: remove CREF related codes.
+
+	* insns.def (getinlinecache/setinlinecache): CREF should be cache key
+	  because a different CREF has a different namespace.
+
+	* node.c (rb_gc_mark_node): mark NODE_IF::nd_reserved for SVAR.
+
+	* proc.c: catch up changes.
+
+	* struct.c: ditto.
+
+	* insns.def: ditto.
+
+	* vm_args.c (raise_argument_error): ditto.
+
+	* vm_eval.c: ditto.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_class.rb: add a test.
+
+Fri Mar  6 18:19:13 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/webrick/test_filehandler.rb: on vboxsf (on VirtualBox
+	  on Windows 7), file name and permissions are strange (can access
+	  by short file name and so on).
+
+	  Simply skip on such tests on such FS. To detect strange FS, this
+	  patch use a part of code `File.executable?(__FILE__)`.
+	  Please correct them if there are better ways.
+
+Fri Mar  6 17:31:29 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_beginendblock.rb: do not change directory.
+
+	  Run system command in the directory mounted by vboxsf on Windows 7
+	  and get warning like that "warning: Insecure world writable dir...".
+
+Fri Mar  6 10:31:00 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (vm_call_super): search next super class from the
+	  original class, to get rid of infinite recursion with
+	  prepending.  a patch by Seiei Higa <hanachin AT gmail.com> at
+	  [ruby-core:68434].  [ruby-core:68093] [Bug #10847]
+
+Fri Mar  6 08:45:26 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* lib/matrix.rb: Add Vector#round. Patch by Jordan Stephens.
+	  [Fixes GH-802]
+
+Fri Mar  6 07:33:03 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (obj_info): show node name too.
+
+Fri Mar  6 07:00:44 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* internal.h: remove struct method_table_wrapper.
+	  struct method_table_wrapper was introduced to avoid duplicate marking
+	  for method tables.
+
+	  For example, `module M1; def foo; end; end` make one method table
+	  (mtbl) contains a method `foo`. M1 (T_MODULE) points mtbl.
+	  Classes C1 and C2 includes M1, then two T_ICLASS objects are created
+	  and they points mtbl too. In this case, three objects (one T_MODULE
+	  and two T_ICLASS objects) points same mtbl. On marking phase, these
+	  three objects mark same mtbl. To avoid such duplication, struct
+	  method_table_wrapper was introduced.
+
+	  However, created two T_ICLASS objects have same or shorter lifetime
+	  than M1 (T_MODULE) object. So that we only need to mark mtbl from M1,
+	  not from T_ICLASS objects. This patch tries marking only from M1.
+	  In other words, original module (M1) has responsibility to mark mtbl.
+	  Because of no duplicate marking, we don't need method_table_wrapper
+	  any more.
+
+	  Note that one `Module#prepend` call creates two T_ICLASS objects.
+	  One for referring to a prepending Module object, same as
+	  `Module#include`. We don't need to care this T_ICLASS.
+	  One for moving original mtbl from a prepending class. We need to
+	  mark such mtbl from this T_ICLASS object. To mark the mtbl,
+	  we need to use `RCLASS_ORIGIN(klass)` on marking from a prepended
+	  class `klass`.
+
+	* class.c: ditto.
+
+	* eval.c (rb_using_refinement): ditto.
+
+	* gc.c: ditto.
+
+	* include/ruby/ruby.h: define m_tbl directly. The definition of
+	  struct RClass should be moved to (srcdir)/internal.h.
+
+	* method.h: remove decl of rb_free_m_tbl_wrapper().
+
+	* object.c: use RCLASS_M_TBL() directly.
+
+Fri Mar  6 02:50:12 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): need to check the return value of
+	  GLOB_REALLOC().
+
+Fri Mar  6 02:26:03 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): shouldn't create Ruby object before
+	  the object system is loaded.
+	  [ruby-core:68430] [Bug #10941]
+
+Wed Mar  5 16:58:43 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* hash.c: [DOC] #delete method actually returns nil, if the key
+	  is not found. [fix GH-844][ci skip] Patch by @ivdma
+
+Wed Mar  5 12:22:23 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* math.c: refactoring: remove unnecessary variable d0 to unify code
+	  appearance.
+
+Thu Mar  5 11:50:54 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (eval_string_with_cref): A binding should keep
+	  refinements activation information and the refinements should be
+	  activated in subsequent eval calls with the binding.
+	  [ruby-core:67945] [Bug #10818]
+
+Thu Mar  5 11:16:55 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: There is no need anymore to suppress
+	  warnings.
+
+Thu Mar  5 08:31:02 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* random.c (random_raw_seed): Avoid calling fill_random_bytes()
+	  if the requested size is 0. AIX returns -1 for 0-byte read from
+	  /dev/urandom, while other UNIX returns 0. With this change,
+	  Random.raw_seed(0) consistently returns "" in any UNIX.
+
+Wed Mar  4 12:43:32 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_math.rb (assert_float_and_int): Refactor test cases
+	  by introducing assert_float_and_int. [misc #10810]
+
+Wed Mar  4 11:52:30 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* symbol.c (Init_sym): make dsym_fstrs a hash compared by identity
+	  as the keys are unique fstrings, to get rid of running hash and
+	  compare methods and causing new object allocation during garbage
+	  collection phase.  [ruby-dev:48891] [Bug #10933]
+
+Wed Mar  4 10:16:57 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* enum.c: Fix typo in slice_after's exception message.
+	  [fix GH-842][ci skip] Patch by @jsyeo
+
+Wed Mar  4 10:15:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/syntax/methods.rdoc: add some missing spaces and
+	  fix a grammatical error in method docs.
+	  [fix GH-843][ci skip] Patch by @nikolas
+
+Wed Mar  4 02:13:06 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (backport_command_string): pick up only
+	  when the revision exists in trunk.
+
+Wed Mar  4 00:44:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_io_blocking_region): assigned variables
+	  inside EXEC_TAG() should be volatile.
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_s_handle_interrupt): ditto.
+
+	* thread.c (exec_recursive): ditto.
+
+Wed Mar  4 00:29:18 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: now can specify shorten form of commands.
+
+Tue Mar  3 23:41:42 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (Readline.readline): drop untreated control
+	  characters.
+
+Tue Mar  3 22:25:24 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/envutil.rb (EnvUtil.invoke_ruby): need to rescue because
+	  Signal.signame may raise exception.
+
+Tue Mar  3 16:57:39 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: use 'b' instead of 's' for showing
+	  Backport options for merger.rb.
+
+Tue Mar  3 16:55:23 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: show selected ticket number at prompt.
+
+Tue Mar  3 14:47:30 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* math.c (num2dbl_with_to_f): direct casting from Rational to double.
+	  [Feature #10909]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_math.rb: add tests for the above change.
+
+Tue Mar  3 07:52:20 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb: avoid a false positive in AIX.
+
+Tue Mar  3 00:59:39 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* configure.in: set PRELOADENV in Solaris to avoid "wrong ELF class"
+	  error. [Bug #10926] [ruby-dev:48888]
+	* configure.in: set LIBPATHENV for 32-bit compile in Solaris
+	  in addition to 64-bit.
+
+Mon Mar  2 15:36:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: do not check _setjmp unless _longjmp is available,
+	  so that configure results will not be changed by cache.
+
+Mon Mar  2 14:44:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_REPLACE_TYPE): restore unsigned type from
+	  cached variable only if the target type is not available.
+
+Mon Mar  2 13:04:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* signal.c (sig_signame): return nil if the argument is a valid
+	  signal number.
+
+Mon Mar  2 12:05:04 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb (create_ftp_server): set SO_OOBINLINE
+	  for receiving OOB data which is sent with MSG_OOB flag in
+	  portable way. [Bug #10915] [ruby-dev:48885]
+	* test/net/ftp/test_ftp.rb (test_abort, test_status): use gets
+	  for receiving OOB data in portable way.
+
+Mon Mar  2 11:43:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_REPLACE_TYPE): restore unsigned type from
+	  cached variable.
+
+Mon Mar  2 06:01:41 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* ext/io/wait/wait.c (io_nread): wrap return value with INT2FIX
+	  Thanks to Yura Sokolov <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
+	  [ruby-core:68369] [Bug#10923]
+	* test/io/wait/test_io_wait.rb (test_nread_buffered):
+	  fix broken test
+
+Sun Mar  1 20:21:16 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_REPLACE_TYPE): restore convertible type from
+	  cached variable, so that configured results will be stable.
+
+Sun Mar  1 18:10:34 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (rb_cv_broken_memmem): check before adding the
+	  result HAVE_MEMMEM macro to confdefs.h, so that configured
+	  results will be stable.
+
+Sun Mar  1 11:17:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gc.c (id2ref): prohibit from accessing internal objects.
+	  [ruby-core:68348] [Bug #10918]
+
+Sun Mar  1 09:06:11 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/time.rb (strptime): Support %s.%N.
+	  [ruby-core:68301] [Bug #10904] Patch by Sadayuki Furuhashi.
+
+Sat Feb 28 17:18:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* enum.c (enum_each_slice, enum_each_cons): limit elements size by
+	  the enumerator size.  suggested by Hans Mackowiak <hanmac AT
+	  gmx.de> at [ruby-core:68335]
+
+Sat Feb 28 15:44:20 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_dump.c (rb_vm_bugreport): get rid of making new strings
+	  inside signal context.
+
+	* variable.c (rb_tmp_class_path): defer making temporary class
+	  path string.
+
+	* variable.c (rb_search_class_path): search class path or return
+	  Qnil or Qfalse if unnamed, not creating a temporary path.
+
+Sat Feb 28 15:02:02 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* variable.c (rb_tmp_class_path): preserve name encoding of an
+	  anonymous instance of module/class subclass.
+
+Sat Feb 28 08:24:30 2015  Rei Odaira  <Rei.Odaira@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/pty/pty.c: AIX supports autopush.
+	  Patch by Perry Smith [ruby-core:58539] [Bug #9144]
+
+Fri Feb 27 22:00:05 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rubygems: Update to RubyGems 2.4.6 and HEAD(800f2e6).
+	  Fixed #1159, #1171, #1173 on rubygems/rubygems
+	* test/rubygems: ditto.
+
+Fri Feb 27 20:55:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rake: Update to rake (9237e74), typo fix and remove needless
+	  private syntax.
+	* test/rake: ditto.
+
+Fri Feb 27 17:06:44 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_core.h: define vm_svar_index.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c, vm.c, compile.c: use vm_svar_index names.
+
+	* iseq.h: remove DEFAULT_SPECIAL_VAR_COUNT.
+	  use VM_SVAR_FLIPFLOP_START instead.
+
+Fri Feb 27 13:57:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* io.c (setup_narg): wipe away expanded part of buffer to get rid
+	  of revealing uncleaned data.  reported by Dongkwan Kim <dkay AT
+	  kaist.ac.kr>.
+
+Wed Feb 25 22:25:07 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* spec/default.mspec: use default configuration file name.
+	  https://github.com/ruby/rubyspec/commit/cc69f337b06362e5607ffa3e3ad40ef7494960cf
+
+Wed Feb 25 22:21:56 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* spec/default.mspec: remove specific version number.
+	  https://github.com/ruby/rubyspec/commit/7a909e925c1baa9c700bd44af9241aef6e596714
+
+Wed Feb 25 22:04:04 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/win32/Win32API.rb (initialize): accept both a string and an array
+	  for the arguments of the imported function.
+	  reported by Aaron Stone [ruby-core:68208] [Bug #10876] [Fixes GH-835]
+
+Wed Feb 25 18:12:11 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* signal.c (sighandler): preserve errno
+	  Patch by Steven Stewart-Gallus <sstewartgallus00@mylangara.bc.ca>
+	  [ruby-core:68172] [Bug #10866]
+
+Wed Feb 25 15:59:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (push_pattern, push_glob): make globbed file names same
+	  encoding to the given pattern.
+
+Wed Feb 25 15:27:16 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/merger.rb: support 2.1+ versioning scheme.
+
+Tue Feb 25 08:49:12 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/cmath.rb (log): raise ArgumentError when more than 2 arguments
+	  are passed. [ruby-core:66143] [Bug #10487]
+
+Tue Feb 25 02:15:17 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_math.rb: Use assert_infinity instead of assert_equal(1.0/0, ...).
+
+	* test/ruby/test_math.rb: Add tests for overriding Integer#to_f.
+	  [ruby-core:67919] [Misc #10809]
+
+Tue Feb 24 22:58:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* complex.c (nucomp_mul): calculate as rotation in complex plane
+	  if matrix calculation resulted in NaN.
+
+Tue Feb 24 21:45:39 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_math.rb(test_cbrt): Add an assertion for Math.cbrt(1.0/0)
+	  and move #test_cbrt to more proper place.
+
+Tue Feb 24 19:09:25 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (lep_svar_place, lep_svar_get): do not create
+	  additional T_NODE object (svars holder) when only getting
+	  svars.
+
+Tue Feb 24 11:49:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* time.c (time_zone_name): should be US-ASCII only if all 7-bits,
+	  otherwise locale encoding.  [ruby-core:68230] [Bug #10887]
+
+Tue Feb 24 09:47:07 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (chompped_length): enable smart chomp for all non-dummy
+	  encoding strings, not only default_rs.
+	  [ruby-core:68258] [Bug #10893]
+
+Mon Feb 23 23:19:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/vcs.rb (IO.popen): support :chdir option.
+
+	* tool/vcs.rb (VCS::GIT.get_revisions): use :chdir option instead
+	  of -C option which is not supported by older git.
+	  [ruby-dev:48880] [Bug #10890]
+
+Mon Feb 23 15:26:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* string.c (rb_str_split_m): raise ArgumentError at broken string
+	  not RegexpError, as Regexp is not involved in.
+	  [ruby-core:68229] [Bug #10886]
+
+Mon Feb 23 07:25:29 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* time.c: Zone encoding should be US-ASCII if all 7-bits. Fix r46907.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_time.rb, test/ruby/test_time_tz.rb: Update tests.
+
+Sun Feb 22 18:33:42 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* common.mk: use ruby organization for rubyspec.
+
+Sun Feb 22 15:56:06 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (rb_vm_rewrite_cref_stack): copy nd_refinements
+	  of original crefs. It fixes segmentation fault when calling
+	  refined method in duplicate module. [ruby-dev:48878] [Bug #10885]
+
+	* vm_core.h, class.c: change accordingly.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_refinement.rb: add a test for above.
+
+Sun Feb 22 10:43:37 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_objspace_call_finalizer): control GC execution during
+	  force firnalizations at the end of interpreter process.
+	  [Bug #10768]
+
+	  1) Prohibit incremental GC while running Ruby-level finalizers
+	     to avoid any danger.
+	  2) Prohibit GC while invoking T_DATA/T_FILE data structure
+	     because these operations break object relations consistency.
+
+	  This patch can introduce another memory consuming issue because
+	  Ruby-level finalizers can run after (2), GC is disabled.
+	  However, basically object consistency was broken at (2) as I
+	  described above. So that running Ruby-level finalizers contains
+	  danger originally. Because of this point, I need to suggest to
+	  remove these 3 lines (invoking remaining finalizers). And add a
+	  rule to add that finalizers should not add new finalizers, or
+	  say there is no guarantee to invoke finalizers that added by
+	  another finalizer.
+
+Sun Feb 22 04:07:05 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c: [DOC] RDoc formatting fixes for
+	  ASN1::ObjectId with patch from @vbatts [Fixes GH-834]
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_bn.c: ditto.
+
+Sat Feb 21 19:51:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* re.c (match_aref): RMatch::regexp is Qnil after matching by a
+	  string since r45451.  [ruby-core:68209] [Bug #10877]
+
+Sat Feb 21 16:18:42 2015  Stefan Schuler  <mail@stefanschuessler.de>
+
+	* compar.c (Init_Comparable): [DOC] Replace camelcase variable name.
+	  [Fix GH-833]
+
+Fri Feb 20 17:27:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* file.c (rb_file_identical_p): fix handle leak, ensure to close
+	  the handle of the first argument.
+
+Fri Feb 20 17:19:23 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (different_device_p): compare by volume serial
+	  numbers, not by path names.  [ruby-core:68162] [Bug #10865]
+
+Thu Feb 19 01:58:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): neither the drive
+	  of base directory nor the current drive are involved in the
+	  result if different than the drive of path.
+	  [ruby-core:68130] [Bug #10858]
+
+Wed Feb 18 10:48:56 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/win32.c (wrename): return EXDEV if moving a directory to
+	  another drive, since MoveFileExW does not set proper error code.
+	  [ruby-core:68162] [Bug #10865]
+
+Wed Feb 18 03:13:52 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump psych version.
+	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: ditto
+	* ext/psych/yaml/scanner.c: add latest libyaml change.
+	* test/psych/helper.rb: support newer minitest
+	* test/psych/test_to_yaml_properties.rb: ditto
+
+Tue Feb 17 11:47:17 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Resource#==, #hash): elements
+	  returned by Kernel#instance_variables are Symbols now.
+	  [ruby-core:68128] [Bug #10857]
+
+Tue Feb 17 10:59:10 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc: Fix documentation for "calling_methods"
+	  Patch by @sos4nt [fix GH-830][ci skip]
+
+Tue Feb 17 10:53:29 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): do not make invalid
+	  (or ADS) path if the path has a drive letter, the result also
+	  should have be under it.  [ruby-core:68130] [Bug #10858]
+
+Tue Feb 17 10:47:20 2015  Iain Beeston  <iain.beeston@gmail.com>
+
+	* hash.c: Added docs to explain that #include? and #member? do not
+	  check member equality
+	* lib/set.rb: ditto
+
+Mon Feb 16 20:58:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* compile.c (compile_massign): optimization for special case,
+	  assignments by aset or attrset.
+	  http://kokizzu.blogspot.jp/2015/02/c-java-hhvm-ruby-nodejsrhinojscspidermo.html
+	  http://www.atdot.net/~ko1/diary/201502.html#d16
+
+Sun Feb 15 10:41:23 2015  Sho Hashimoto  <sho-h@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/standard_library.rdoc: [DOC] delete removed libraries.
+	  [misc #10843] [ci skip]
+
+Sat Feb 14 12:20:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* random.c (rand_random_number): add a method to return a random
+	  number like SecureRandom to Random::Formatter.
+
+	* lib/securerandom.rb (random_bytes): move to Random::Formatter,
+	  the base method of the module.
+
+Sat Feb 14 12:01:32 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* random.c (random_raw_seed): extract platform dependent random
+	  seed initialization function as a new method Random.raw_seed.
+
+	* lib/securerandom.rb (SecureRandom): use Random.raw_seed.
+
+Sat Feb 14 00:49:37 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/coverage/coverage.c: Add Coverage.peek_result.  Allows you to
+	  capture coverage information without stopping the coverage tool.
+	  [ruby-core:67940] [Feature #10816]
+
+	* test/coverage/test_coverage.rb: test for change.
+
+Fri Feb 13 21:52:05 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@tsg.ne.jp>
+
+	* string.c (str_discard): does not free for STR_NOFREE string.
+	  [Bug #10853][ruby-core:68110]
+
+	* bootstraptest/test_string.rb: test for above.
+
+Fri Feb 13 21:16:00 2015  Yusuke Endoh  <mame@tsg.ne.jp>
+
+	* lib/base64.rb: make urlsafe mode user-friendly.
+
+	* lib/base64.rb (Base64.urlsafe_encode64): a new option "padding" to
+	  suppress the padding character ("=").
+
+	* lib/base64.rb (Base64.urlsafe_decode64): now it accepts not only
+	  correctly-padded input but also unpadded input.
+	  [Feature #10740][ruby-core:67570]
+
+	* test/base64/test_base64.rb: Test for above
+
+Fri Feb 13 14:19:06 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json: merge upstream from flori/json
+	  change usage of TypedData. [Feature #10739][ruby-core:67564]
+
+Thu Feb 12 18:34:01 2015  multisnow  <infinity.blick.winkel@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/openssl/extconf.rb: check RAND_edg to support libressl.
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_rand.c (ossl_rand_egd): define only if RAND_edg
+	  is available.  [Fix GH-829]
+
+Thu Feb 12 10:46:14 2015  Eric Hodel  <drbrain@segment7.net>
+
+	* proc.c (proc_call):  Improve Proc#call documentation.  Patch by
+	  Hsing-Hui Hsu.  [fix GH-761]
+
+Thu Feb 12 04:33:02 2015  Benoit Daloze  <eregontp@gmail.com>
+
+	* compar.c (cmp_equal): no more error hiding for Comparable#==.
+	  It now behaves as other Comparable methods. See #7688.
+
+	* test/ruby/test_comparable.rb: update related test.
+
+Thu Feb 12 03:28:05 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/set.rb (initialize): internal hash defaults to false
+
+	* lib/set.rb (include?): use Hash#[] for optimized dispatch.
+	  Patch by Ismael Abreu <ismaelga@gmail.com>
+	  [ruby-core:67664] [Misc #10754]
+
+Wed Feb 11 11:09:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/digest/digest_conf.rb (digest_conf): check for CommonDigest.
+
+	* ext/digest/*/*cc.h: for Apple CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h.
+
+	* ext/digest/digest.h (DEFINE_FINISH_FUNC_FROM_FINAL): macro for
+	  finish functions, by inverting arguments order.
+
+	* ext/digest/digest_conf.rb (digest_conf): extract common
+	  configurations.
+
+Wed Feb 11 11:01:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/json/generator/generator.c (generate_json): get rid of
+	  unnecessary recursive calls which can cause infinite recursion.
+	  T_STRING may not have rb_cString.
+
+Wed Feb 11 07:53:35 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
+
+	* test/win32ole/test_word.rb: use skip method to skip test.
+
+Tue Feb 10 11:38:28 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_method): stop method search when a method
+	  is not found in a refinement, to support undef in refinements.
+	  [ruby-core:66741] [Bug #10578]
+
+Tue Feb 10 11:19:11 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/net/ftp.rb (chdir, delete, gettextfile, mdtm, mkdir, nlst,
+	  putbinaryfile, puttextfile, rename, rmdir, size): support
+	  Pathname. Patch by Joe Rafaniello. [fix GH-828]
+
+Mon Feb  9 16:36:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/make-snapshot (package): get rid of loading unbundled and
+	  unexpected libraries.  [ruby-core:67977] [Bug #10822]
+
+Sun Feb  8 20:09:37 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/net/http/header.rb: pass header names as symbols.
+	  Patch by @DamirSvrtan [fix GH-805]
+	* test/net/http/test_httpheader.rb: added test.
+
+Sun Feb  8 13:04:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c (get_addr): reject too long hostname to
+	  get rid of GHOST vulnerability on very old platforms.
+
+	* ext/socket/raddrinfo.c (make_hostent_internal): ditto, paranoic
+	  check for the canonical name.
+
+Sun Feb  8 12:48:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb (Win32::Registry::API): use wide
+	  versions of RegDeleteValue and RegDeleteKey.
+	  [ruby-core:67958] [Bug #10820]
+
+Sat Feb  7 22:13:08 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
+
+	* test/win32ole/test_win32ole_record.rb: remove test using .NET
+	  Framework 3.5 because it is not included in Windows 8/8.1.
+
+Sat Feb  7 19:25:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (has_magic): always get long path name on Windows even if
+	  no tilde is there.  [ruby-core:68011] [Bug #10819]
+
+	* dir.c (replace_real_basename): FindFirstFile ignore redirection
+	  character, check if exists before call it.  cf. [Bug #8597]
+
+Sat Feb  7 13:30:11 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
+
+	* test/win32ole/test_win32ole_record.rb
+	  (test_ole_instance_variable_get): correct VT_RECORD type and
+	  instance variables.
+
+Fri Feb  6 17:47:05 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: register nodes when
+	  dumping objects with custom coders. [ruby-core:66215] [Bug #10496]
+
+	* test/psych/test_coder.rb: test for fix
+
+Fri Feb  6 16:58:31 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: fix support for regular
+	  expressions with newlines. tenderlove/psych#222
+
+	* test/psych/test_yaml.rb: test for change.
+
+Fri Feb  6 10:31:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_call_info_kw_arg_struct): make keywords a symbols
+	  list to get rid of inadvertent creation by variable keyword
+	  arguments.  [ruby-core:68031] [Bug #10831]
+
+Thu Feb  5 22:42:34 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rubygems:  Update to RubyGems HEAD(5c3b6f3).
+	  Fixed #1156, #1142, #1115, #1142, #1139 on rubygems/rubygems
+	* test/rubygems:  ditto.
+
+Thu Feb  5 13:41:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_eval.c (send_internal), vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_opt_send):
+	  convert String method name into a Symbol, as method_missing
+	  method expects its first argument to be a Symbol.  [Bug #10828]
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (ci_missing_reason): return the reason of method
+	  missing in call info.
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_call_opt_send): re-apply r49500 with the
+	  proper missing reason.  [Bug #10828]
+
+Thu Feb  5 10:31:46 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* class.c (rb_obj_singleton_methods): should use RTEST() to convert
+	  VALUE to int.
+
+Thu Feb  5 03:59:33 2015  Marc-Andre Lafortune  <ruby-core@marc-andre.ca>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c: Fix symbol leak with +send+ [Bug #10828]
+
+Wed Feb  4 20:26:54 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
+
+	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (Init_win32ole): should not use atexit to
+	  free allocated hash table to avoid error on Cygwin.
+
+Wed Feb  4 15:34:25 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* class.c (method_entry_i, class_instance_method_list,
+	  rb_obj_singleton_methods): should not include methods of
+	  superclasses if recur is false. [ruby-dev:48854] [Bug #10826]
+
+Wed Feb  4 16:32:40 2015  Matt Hoyle  <matt@deployable.co>
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c (VpSetPTR): fix a typo, 'expoennt'
+	  to 'exponent'.  [ruby-core:67980] [Bug #10823] [Fix GH-825]
+
+Wed Feb  4 15:55:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/sdbm/_sdbm.c: include ruby/ruby.h for PRIdPTRDIFF when a
+	  macro `DEBUG` is defined.  based on the patch by Owen Rodley in
+	  [ruby-core:67987]. [Bug #10825]
+
+Wed Feb  4 11:12:43 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Makefile.in (probes.stamp): rebuild dtrace dependent objects
+	  only when `dtrace -G` modifies its input files.
+
+Tue Feb  3 19:27:16 2015  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* common.mk (ruby-glommed.o): dependency on $(OBJ) should be written
+	  in common.mk (in which OBJ is defined) because of Makefile include
+	  and parse order. This partly reverts r49419.
+	  [ruby-dev:48849] [Bug #10808]
+
+	* Makefile.in (ruby-glommed.o): ditto.
+
+	* Makefile.in (ruby-glommed.o): remove excess $(DTRACE_OBJ) because
+	  it is included in $(OBJS) since r49451.
+
+	* Makefile.in (probes.o): should depend on $(DTRACE_DEPENDENT_OBJS)
+
+Tue Feb  3 17:15:45 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (try_cppflags, try_cflags, try_ldflags): get rid of
+	  interference by modifying global variables in have_devel? method.
+	  [ruby-core:67962] [Bug #10821]
+
+Tue Feb  3 15:23:58 2015  Shugo Maeda  <shugo@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_method.c (remove_method): When remove refined
+	  method, raise a NameError if the method is not
+	  defined in refined class.
+
+	  But if the method is defined in refined class,
+	  it should keep refined method and remove original
+	  method.
+
+	  Patch by Seiei Higa. [ruby-core:67722] [Bug #10765]
+
+Tue Feb  3 14:04:47 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (glob_helper): obtain real name with FindFirstFile API
+	  instead of matching all entries, on Windows.
+	  [ruby-core:67954] [Bug #10819]
+
+Tue Feb  3 12:26:35 2015  Katsuhiko Nishimra  <ktns.87@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/mkmf.rb (configuration): set the default cxxflags, which is
+	  referred from the default CXXFLAGS, for extension libraries.
+	  [Fix GH-823]
+
+Tue Feb  3 05:52:00 2015  Aman Gupta <ruby@tmm1.net>
+
+	* gc.c (rb_objspace_free): cause rb_bug if lazy sweep is in progress
+	  during rb_objspace_free. Adds extra protection for r46340.
+	  Patch by Vicent Marti. [Bug #10768] [ruby-core:67734]
+	* gc.c (rb_objspace_call_finalizer): Ensure GC is completed after
+	  finalizers have run. We already call gc_rest() before invoking
+	  finalizers, but finalizer can allocate new objects and start new GC
+	  cycle, so we call gc_rest() again after finalizers are complete.
+
+Mon Feb  2 10:51:34 2015  Ari Pollak  <ajp@aripollak.com>
+
+	* doc/security.rdoc (Symbols): update about Symbol GC.  Symbols
+	  explicitly converted from Strings now can be collected, but
+	  reflection/metaprogramming still can cause memory flooding.
+	  [Fix GH-725]
+
+Sun Feb  1 13:46:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb (bin-comm): drop batch file installation.
+	  Windows 95 support has not been supported already.
+	  [Feature #10806]
+
+Sat Jan 31 12:06:23 2015  Scott Francis  <scott.francis@shopify.com>
+
+	* thread_pthread.c (reserve_stack): fix intermittent SIGBUS on
+	  Linux, by reserving the stack virtual address space at process
+	  start up so that it will not clash with the heap space.
+	  [Fix GH-822]
+
+Fri Jan 30 17:28:29 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* math.c (num2dbl_with_to_f): make faster when Bignum passed by
+	  direct conversion using rb_big2dbl().  [Feature #10800]
+
+Thu Jan 29 23:30:00 2015  Kenta Murata  <mrkn@mrkn.jp>
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c (rb_rational_num): add fallback function
+	  for rubies lower than 2.2.0.
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c (rb_rational_den): ditto.
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb: check the existences of struct RRational,
+	  rb_rational_num, and rb_rational_den.
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.bundle: bump version.
+
+Thu Jan 29 20:28:25 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/make-snapshot: removed md5 digest with package information
+
+Thu Jan 29 10:41:52 2015  Kazuki Tanaka  <gogotanaka@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* math.c (Get_Double): direct casting from Fixnum to double.
+	  [Feature #10785]
+
+Thu Jan 29 02:34:27 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: fix parsing hashes with
+	  instance variables when it is referenced multiple times.
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version
+	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: bump version
+	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for fix
+
+Thu Jan 29 02:06:09 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* thread.c (struct join_arg): restructure and make smaller
+	  (thread_join_sleep): avoid timeofday() call if forever
+	  (thread_join): pass join_arg.delay directly
+	  (rb_thread_inspect_msg): remove, inline into rb_thread_inspect
+	  (rb_thread_inspect): reduce branching and string creation
+	* thread_pthread.c (native_set_thread_name): create string directly
+	  to avoid reparsing. [Misc #10723]
+
+Wed Jan 28 21:32:24 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* thread.c: Improve documentation for Thread#value
+	  [Bug #10694][ruby-core:67324][ci skip]
+
+Tue Jan 27 16:04:19 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: added `!` command.
+
+Tue Jan 27 15:58:23 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: added history feature for platforms which
+	  lack readline.
+
+Mon Jan 26 22:09:35 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* .gitignore: ignored temporary file with git.
+
+Mon Jan 26 18:06:03 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* misc/ruby-electric.el: Import version 2.2.2 from
+	  https://github.com/knu/ruby-electric.el.
+
+Mon Jan 26 11:37:49 2015  Dave Stevens  <dave@crowdlab.com>
+
+	* string.c (str_make_independent_expand): terminate String when
+	  moved from heap to embedded.  [Fix GH-821].
+
+Sun Jan 25 12:04:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (flatten): no need to call to_ary method on elements
+	  beyond the given level.  [ruby-core:67637] [Bug #10748]
+
+Sun Jan 25 00:42:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/win32/libffi.mk.tmpl: assemble without directory prefix.
+	  workaround of a bug of VC12 ml, by unak at [ruby-core:67792].
+	  [ruby-core:67789] [Bug #10780]
+
+Sat Jan 24 19:56:25 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dln_find.c (dln_find_1): search regular files only.  based on
+	  the patch by Alex Coomans in [ruby-core:67766].  [Bug #10776]
+
+Fri Jan 23 23:57:05 2015  Misumi Rize  <r@ayase-e.li>
+
+	* vm_insnhelper.c (vm_throw_start): search the target to break
+	  from a block with nested rescue, from the nested blocks.
+	  [ruby-core:67765] [Bug #10775] [Fix GH-820]
+
+Fri Jan 23 20:00:59 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* marshal.c (w_object, marshal_dump): use identity tables for
+	  arbitrary VALUE keys, because of performance of FLONUM.
+	  [Bug #10761]
+
+	* marshal.c (obj_alloc_by_klass, marshal_load): ditto.
+
+Fri Jan 23 17:12:33 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* benchmark/bm_marshal_dump_flo.rb: new benchmark for [Bug #10761]
+
+Thu Jan 22 18:03:19 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (find_svn_log): use double quotes instead
+	  of single quotes because cmd.exe doesn't handle them.
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (done): the 2nd element of matched data
+	  is the offset of the end of matched string, not length.
+
+Thu Jan 22 16:45:24 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* st.c (st_numhash): mix float value for flonum
+	* hash.c (rb_any_hash): ditto
+	* benchmark/bm_hash_aref_flo.rb: new benchmark
+	* benchmark/bm_hash_ident_flo.rb: ditto
+	  [Bug #10761]
+
+Wed Jan 21 22:33:51 2015  Akinori MUSHA  <knu@iDaemons.org>
+
+	* misc/ruby-electric.el: Import version 2.2.1 from
+	  https://github.com/knu/ruby-electric.el.  Improve compatibility
+	  with and optimize for Emacs 24.4.
+
+Wed Jan 21 09:40:52 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* file.c: Document other cases of missing birthtime on OS with patch
+	  provided by @sho-h similar to GH-817. [ci skip] [DOC]
+
+Wed Jan 21 09:09:19 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* NEWS: References to tickets added.
+	  [ruby-core:67701] [Bug #10760] Suggested by Zachary Scott.
+
+Tue Jan 20 22:59:54 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/vcs.rb: fix the exception given remote-url of svn.
+
+Tue Jan 20 12:58:33 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: now can change the page of `ls`.
+
+Tue Jan 20 12:28:37 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (readline): fallback to normal gets on
+	  Windows because IO.console.getch is not always do as expected.
+
+Tue Jan 20 11:31:07 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: update usage.
+
+Tue Jan 20 11:23:47 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb (mygets): to support Backspace
+	  implement gets by itself.
+
+Tue Jan 20 02:54:11 2015  Zachary Scott  <e@zzak.io>
+
+	* file.c: NotImplementedError is raised if birthtime is unavailable.
+	  Patch by @y-yagi san and [Fixes GH-817] [ci skip] [DOC]
+
+	* ext/pathname/pathname.c: ditto.
+
+Mon Jan 19 22:08:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* class.c (include_modules_at): allow to prepend each module up to
+	  once for each classe.  [EXPERIMENTAL]
+
+Sun Jan 18 18:32:20 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* math.c (math_atan2): revive documentation before r49220.
+	  http://d.hatena.ne.jp/nagachika/20150112/ruby_trunk_changes_49213_49226
+
+Sun Jan 18 15:57:32 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm_method.c (check_definition): Module#public_method_defined?,
+	  Module#private_method_defined?, Module#protected_method_defined?
+	  should not use refinements. [ruby-core:67656] [Bug #10753]
+
+Sun Jan 18 15:50:39 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_dump.c (rb_vm_bugreport): check by configured result instead
+	  of system name for old FreeBSD.  based on a patch by Steve Wills
+	  at [ruby-core:67655].  [Bug #10752]
+
+Sun Jan 18 12:56:49 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* Makefile.in (VPATH, NEWLINE_C), common.mk (common-srcs): make
+	  and use newline.c under enc/trans directory, not toplevel.  no
+	  longer search enc directory implicitly.
+
+	* configure.in, enc/Makefile.in (BUILTIN_ENCS, BUILTIN_TRANSES):
+	  prefix respective directory names to builtin encodings and
+	  transcoder source names.
+
+Sun Jan 18 11:49:46 2015  Masaki Suketa <masaki.suketa@nifty.ne.jp>
+
+	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (ole_invoke): avoid SEGV when VT_RECORD
+	  variable is passed by reference. [ruby-dev:48803] [Bug #10697]
+
+Sat Jan 17 23:59:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb (visit_String):
+	  anchors like `\Z` are not valid inside character class.  use
+	  negative-lookahead instead.
+	  Fixes: https://github.com/tenderlove/psych/issues/221
+
+Sat Jan 17 23:42:27 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in: get rid of pattern substitution, which is not
+	  supported by ash, and ash on NetBSD parses whole source first
+	  and fails to start.  [ruby-dev:48823] [Bug #10750]
+
+Fri Jan 16 18:42:58 2015  NARUSE, Yui  <naruse@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/redmine-backporter.rb: support adding related revisions
+	  to issues.
+
+Fri Jan 16 17:20:33 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	vm.c, vm_core.h: constify VM_CF_LEP, VM_CF_PREV_EP, VM_CF_BLOCK_PTR
+	and rb_vm_control_frame_block_ptr.
+
+Fri Jan 16 15:41:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version
+
+	* ext/psych/psych.gemspec: ditto
+
+Fri Jan 16 15:37:49 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: only dump hash
+	  subclasses. Thanks Joe Eli McIlvain <joe.eli.mac@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for change
+
+Fri Jan 16 15:35:21 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych.rb: bump version
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: fix line width wrapping
+	  for long strings.  Thanks Jakub Jirutka <jakub@jirutka.cz>
+
+	* test/psych/test_string.rb: test for change
+
+Fri Jan 16 11:44:44 2015  Kazuki Tsujimoto  <kazuki@callcc.net>
+
+	* eval_intern.h, vm.c, vm_eval.c, vm_insnhelper.c:
+	  change throw mechanism (not save target ep, but save target cfp).
+	  It fixes `unexpected break' bug that occurs when
+	  TracePoint#binding is called.
+	  [ruby-dev:48797] [Bug #10689]
+
+	* test/ruby/test_settracefunc.rb: add a test.
+
+Thu Jan 15 23:55:15 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* io.c (rb_io_close_m): Don't raise when the IO object is closed.
+	  [ruby-core:67444] [Feature #10718]
+
+Thu Jan 15 21:34:57 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
+
+	* proc.c (rb_obj_singleton_method): Kernel#singleton_method should
+	  not use refinements, as well as Kernel#method.
+	  [ruby-core:67603] [Bug #10744]
+
+Thu Jan 15 10:45:04 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_select_bang, ary_reject_bang): linear
+	  performance.  [ruby-core:67418] [Feature #10714]
+
+Wed Jan 14 18:06:06 2015  Martin Duerst  <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
+
+	* lib/uri/mailto.rb: raising URI::InvalidComponentError instead
+	  of failing with undefined method `split' for nil:NilClass for
+	  mailto: URIs without opaque part. [Bug #10738]
+	* test/uri/testuri.rb: Test for above
+
+Wed Jan 14 16:45:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/downloader.rb (RubyGems.download): verify downloaded gem
+	  packages.  LowSecurity to allow untrusted certificates now.
+
+Wed Jan 14 15:43:48 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/readline/readline.c (readline_s_refresh_line): initialize
+	  before rl_refresh_line(), as some function make the internal
+	  state non-clean but rl_refresh_line() does not re-initialize it.
+	  [ruby-core:43957] [Bug #6232]
+
+Tue Jan 13 21:59:24 2015  Michal Papis  <mpapis@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb (gem): fix changing permissions of installed
+	  bundled gems.  [Fix GH-812]
+
+Tue Jan 13 21:57:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* common.mk (distclean-local): remove autom4te.cache generated by
+	  autoconf.
+
+	* common.mk (realclean-local): remove id sources and dummy header
+	  for dtrace.  [ruby-core:67562] [Bug #10737]
+
+Tue Jan 13 21:08:22 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json, test/json: merge JSON HEAD(259dee6)
+	  separate implementation of Typed_Data macro.
+	  https://github.com/flori/json/compare/v1.8.1...v1.8.2
+
+Tue Jan 13 14:16:35 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/net/http/test_http.rb: get rid of accessing DNS actually
+	  for some servers returning wrong results.
+	  [ruby-core:67454] [Bug #10721]
+
+Mon Jan 12 23:21:57 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* gems/bundled_gems: update test-unit to 3.0.9.
+
+Mon Jan 12 18:35:44 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* numeric.c (bit_coerce): use original value for error message
+	  [ruby-core:67405] [Bug #10711]
+	* test/ruby/test_numeric.rb (test_coerce): check error message
+
+Mon Jan 12 18:01:24 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/rdoc/text.rb (expand_tabs): get rid of infinite loop with
+	  CR.  should check if substitution occurred too.
+	  [ruby-dev:48813] [Bug #10732]
+
+Mon Jan 12 16:45:46 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_alias): raise a NameError when creating alias to
+	  a refined method if the original method of the refined method is
+	  not defined.  [ruby-core:67523] [Bug #10731]
+
+Mon Jan 12 13:53:17 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* math.c (math_atan2): improve documentation.
+	  [Feature #10323][ruby-core:65400][ci skip]
+
+Mon Jan 12 13:50:49 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c: fixes documentation like labeled lists,
+	  code examples etc. [ruby-core:66730][Bug #10576][ci skip]
+
+Mon Jan 12 13:36:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/optparse.rb: improvements for OptionParser documentation.
+	  [misc #10608][ruby-core:66901][ci skip]
+
+Mon Jan 12 13:33:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_each): documented return value.
+	  [misc #10469][ruby-core:66063]
+
+Sun Jan 11 15:11:38 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/webrick/test_utils.rb (test_create_listeners): use
+	  dynamically chosen port number, not hardcoded port number.
+	  [ruby-core:67508]
+
+Sat Jan 10 12:57:12 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/zlib/zlib.c: fix document of method signatures.
+	  [Bug #10668][ruby-core:67186][ci skip]
+
+Sat Jan 10 12:32:44 2015  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* eval_error.c (error_print): pos and len parameters of rb_str_substr()
+	  are counted by characters, not bytes.  use rb_str_subseq() instead.
+	  [Bug #10727] [ruby-core:67473]
+
+Sat Jan 10 10:58:55 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* complex.c: removed commented-out code.
+
+Sat Jan 10 10:57:19 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* rational.c: removed commented-out code.
+	  [Feature #10376][ruby-core:65643]
+
+Sat Jan 10 10:12:15 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* array.c (rb_ary_select_bang): keep the array consistent by
+	  removing unselected values soon.  [ruby-dev:48805] [Bug #10722]
+
+Fri Jan  9 23:20:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/rubygems:  Update to RubyGems HEAD(e53c54a).
+	* test/rubygems:  ditto.
+
+Fri Jan  9 11:13:01 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (assocs, assoc): eliminate splatting empty literal
+	  hashes.  [ruby-core:67446] [Bug #10719]
+
+	* compile.c (compile_array_): support splatted hash in hash type.
+
+Fri Jan  9 10:57:09 2015  Vit Ondruch  <vondruch@redhat.com>
+
+	* configure.in (RUBY_SETJMP_TYPE): Remove superfluous semicolon
+	  which causes a syntax error with autoconf 2.63.
+	  [ruby-core:67429] [Bug #10716]
+
+Fri Jan  9 07:23:32 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: correctly quote non-ascii
+	  letters. Thanks @jirutka for the patch.
+
+	* test/psych/test_string.rb: test for change
+
+Fri Jan  9 07:13:55 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: call `allocate` on hash
+	  subclasses.  Fixes github.com/tenderlove/psych/issues/196
+
+	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for change
+
+Fri Jan  9 06:58:43 2015  Aaron Patterson <aaron@tenderlovemaking.com>
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb: revive hashes with ivars
+
+	* ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb: dump hashes with ivars.
+	  Fixes github.com/psych/issues/43
+
+	* test/psych/test_hash.rb: test for change
+
+Thu Jan  8 17:05:00 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_method_entry): if no super class, no original
+	  method entry.  [ruby-core:67389] [Bug #10707]
+
+Thu Jan  8 16:31:43 2015  Seiei Higa  <hanachin@gmail.com>
+
+	* vm_method.c (rb_export_method): bail out if the original method
+	  is undefined when the method is refined.
+	  [ruby-core:67387] [Bug #10706]
+
+Thu Jan  8 12:53:44 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (glob_helper): match in case-folding only if the directory
+	  resides on a case-insensitive file system, on OSX.
+	  [ruby-core:67364] [Bug #10700]
+
+Thu Jan  8 11:39:18 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* .travis.yml: Remove redundant configuration option.
+	  [fix GH-809] Patch by @gxworld
+
+Thu Jan  8 07:17:14 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb: consider ENETUNREACH as ResolvTimeout
+	  [ruby-core:67411] [Bug #10712]
+
+Thu Jan  8 00:13:52 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/open3.rb: Open3 properly passes non-keyword hash args to spawn.
+	  Fixed by Josh Cheek.  [Fix GH-808]
+	  Related to [ruby-core:67347] [Bug #10699]
+
+Wed Jan  7 19:19:26 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (dir_initialize): workaround of opendir failure at symlink
+	  directories on Windows via CIFS.
+
+Wed Jan  7 18:52:50 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* dir.c (need_normalization): not only HFS+, CIFS (SMB) is also
+	  decomposed.  [Bug #10704]
+
+	* dir.c (NORMALIZE_UTF8PATH): Unicode decomposition seems to
+	  perform in an upper layer than file systems on OSX, as all path
+	  names are always decomposed regardless of file system types.
+
+Tue Jan  6 21:41:04 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* time.c (timelocalw): Set tm_isdst field -1 if vtm->isdst is
+	  VTM_ISDST_INITVAL.  This bug is introduced at packing struct
+	  vtm (r45155).
+	  [ruby-core:67345] [Bug #10698] Reported by Boris Ruf.
+
+Tue Jan  6 03:10:54 2015  Koichi Sasada  <ko1@atdot.net>
+
+	* test/fiddle/test_handle.rb: fix syntax.
+
+Tue Jan  6 00:16:10 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/fiddle/test_handle.rb (test_NEXT): use -test-/dln/empty
+	  which is always a shared object and is not used by others.
+	  [ruby-dev:48629] [Bug #10384]
+
+Mon Jan  5 14:58:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_io.rb: added timeout for AIX environment.
+	  [ruby-core:62983][Bug #9917]
+
+Sun Jan  4 22:33:33 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (ExcludesOption): add "excludes" support
+	  to test suite, for alternative implementations and platforms.
+	  [Feature #10682]
+
+Sun Jan  4 22:32:42 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit): reorder modules and merge
+	  each modules.
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit.rb (Test::Unit): split the large class into
+	  each modules.
+
+Sun Jan  4 21:32:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (f_label): return tLABEL value as it is.
+	  [ruby-core:67315] [Bug #10693]
+
+Sun Jan  4 14:02:37 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/lib/test/unit/parallel.rb (run): expand the file name to be
+	  loaded, so that relative paths work in parallel mode.
+
+Sun Jan  4 13:36:56 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/test_tempfile.rb: use assert_file for more descriptive message.
+	  following r49131.
+
+Sun Jan  4 13:05:09 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
+
+	* string.c: improve docs for String#<=>. [ruby-core:65399][Feature #10322]
+	  Patch by gogo tanaka.
+
+Sun Jan  4 12:42:24 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c: improve docs for Array#reject. [ruby-core:65324][misc #10307]
+	  Patched by Nebu Pookins.
+
+Sun Jan  4 12:24:11 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
+
+	* string.c: improve docs for String#strip and variations.
+	  [ruby-core:66081][Bug #10476]
+
+Sun Jan  4 09:21:04 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/drb/drb.rb: removed unused argument. Patch by @vipulnsward
+	  [fix GH-515]
+
+Sun Jan  4 09:18:31 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/tempfile.rb: provide default basename parameter.
+	  [fix GH-523] Patch by @dissolved
+	* test/test_tempfile.rb: ditto.
+
+Sun Jan  4 00:43:41 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
+
+	* README.ja.md: add guidance of mailing list and bugs.r-l.o.
+
+Sat Jan  3 23:56:28 2015  Ayumu AIZAWA  <ayumu.aizawa@gmail.com>
+
+	* hash.c: fix docs for Hash#invert. [ruby-core:66917] [Bug #10612]
+
+Sat Jan  3 19:52:12 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* include/ruby/intern.h (rb_str_new_literal): define on all
+	  platforms, not only gcc.
+
+Sat Jan  3 18:53:28 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb (parse_ctype): limit split word
+	  number as the rest are not used.
+
+Sat Jan  3 18:19:50 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb: r49110 broke Fiddle::Import with
+	  type_alias.
+	* test/fiddle/test_cparser.rb: added type_alias test for parse_ctype
+	  and parse_struct_signature.
+
+Sat Jan  3 11:50:16 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl.h: avoid to build failure of Windows environment.
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c: ditto.
+
+Sat Jan  3 11:27:46 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* array.c: Improve performance of Array#shift. use shared instead of
+	  MEMMOVE if with arguments. Patch by @ksss [fix GH-537]
+	* test/ruby/test_array.rb: ditto.
+	* benchmark/bm_array_shift.rb: Added benchmark of GH-537 issue.
+
+Sat Jan  3 10:38:52 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb: More descriptive error message when net/http fails
+	  to connect to a server. Patch by @xaviershay [fix GH-700]
+	* test/net/http/test_http.rb: ditto.
+
+Sat Jan  3 10:14:51 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/openssl/ossl.h: Make `SSL_SESSION_cmp` use `CRYPTO_memcmp`
+	  [fix GH-591] Patch by @PiPeep
+	* ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c: ditto.
+
+Sat Jan  3 09:54:32 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb: Support for Fiddle::CParser
+	  to handle rich signatures including parameter names and function
+	  pointer types. Patch by @theryan [fix GH-590]
+	* test/fiddle/test_cparser.rb: ditto.
+
+Sat Jan  3 09:01:43 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* NEWS: added compatibility entry of r49101.
+
+Fri Jan  2 21:06:59 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/net/http.rb (Net::HTTP#send_request): there is no response body
+	  with HEAD request. Patch by @rodrigosaito [fix GH-520]
+
+Fri Jan  2 21:04:36 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/net/http/test_http.rb (_test_send_request__HEAD): Added
+	  failing test for send_request with HEAD method.
+
+Fri Jan  2 18:41:20 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* eval.c (ruby_init): Print ruby_setup() error only in debug mode.
+	  Unsuppressable error message is not a good idea.
+	  Note that the message is printed sometimes with following
+	  code (highly timing dependent, though):
+	  pid = spawn("ruby -e ''"); Process.kill(:TERM, pid)
+
+Fri Jan  2 16:18:44 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_module.rb: Refactor invalid testcase.
+	  [fix GH-472][ruby-core:59035][Bug #9240]
+
+Fri Jan  2 15:53:00 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/webrick/utils.rb: removed unused argument variable.
+	  [fix GH-356] Patch by @vipulnsward
+	* lib/webrick/server.rb: ditto.
+	* lib/webrick/ssl.rb: ditto.
+	* test/webrick/test_utils.rb: added test for WEBrick::Utils#create_listeners.
+
+Fri Jan  2 15:35:53 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/securerandom.rb: improve syntax and grammar of documentation.
+	  [fix GH-796][ci skip] Patch by @Erol
+
+Fri Jan  2 15:10:01 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* test/openssl/test_ssl_session.rb (OpenSSL#test_ctx_client_session_cb):
+	  fix test failure with OpenSSL disabled SSLv3 protocol.
+	  [ruby-core:63772] [Bug #10046]
+
+Fri Jan  2 09:08:31 2015  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Label::Str#==): Check class equality.
+	  (Resolv::DNS::Name#initialize): Normalize labels as
+	  Resolv::DNS::Label::Str objects.
+
+Thu Jan  1 21:41:49 2015  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* doc/regexp.rdoc: fix regexp docs for whitespace character.
+	  [ruby-dev:48765] [Bug #10624]
+
+Thu Jan  1 17:50:52 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_rubyoptions.rb: try locale encoding name.
+	  [ruby-core:67109] [Bug #10643]
+
+Thu Jan  1 11:07:12 2015  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* symbol.c (rb_gc_free_dsymbol): delete from global fstr hash
+	* test/ruby/test_symbol.rb (test_symbol_fstr_leak): test for bug
+	  [ruby-core:67268] [Bug #10686]
+
+Thu Jan  1 09:14:21 2015  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* vm_args.c (keyword_hash_p): fix non-symbol keys hash.
+	  rb_extract_keywords() returns 0 not Qnil when no symbol keys is
+	  included.  [ruby-core:67264] [Bug #10685]
+
+Wed Dec 31 17:48:43 2014  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Label::Str#initialize): Set encoding
+	  ASCII-8BIT before downcase.  case insensitivity of DNS labels doesn't
+	  apply non-ASCII characters.  [RFC 4343]
+
+Wed Dec 31 16:48:44 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (gettable_gen): disable warnings of possible reference
+	  to a local variable defined in a past scope.
+	  [ruby-core:67162] [Bug #10661]
+
+Wed Dec 31 13:43:48 2014  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Name#==): Compare an array of Label:Str
+	  objects.  Label#Str#== is case-insensitive.
+
+Tue Dec 30 16:16:12 2014  Ben Miller  <bmiller@rackspace.com>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Name#==): DNS is case-insensitive, so the
+	  comparison should be case-insensitive as well.
+	  [ruby-core:66498] [Bug #10550]
+
+Tue Dec 30 16:03:45 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* lib/resolv.rb (Resolv::DNS::Name): names with different dots
+	  should be different.
+
+Tue Dec 30 13:16:56 2014  Martin Duerst  <bernhard+git@lsmod.de>
+
+	* lib/uri/common.rb: Initialize HTML5ASCIIINCOMPAT to empty Array
+	  to avoid error during bootstrap when encodings are not yet defined.
+	  [Bug #10678]
+
+Tue Dec 30 09:29:26 2014  Bernhard M. Wiedemann  <bernhard+git@lsmod.de>
+
+	* ext/dbm/dbm.c (Init_dbm): [DOC] as UNIX permissions are octal
+	  numbers, needs to be prefixed by 0.  [Fix GH-800]
+
+Tue Dec 30 08:57:39 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* lib/unicode_normalize.rb: typo fix. [ci skip]
+	  [ruby-dev:48794][misc #10675]
+
+Mon Dec 29 19:38:01 2014  Yukihiro Matsumoto  <matz@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* version.h (RUBY_VERSION): 2.3.0 development has started.
+
+Mon Dec 29 18:58:46 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* re.c (unescape_nonascii): append escape sequence as-is not
+	  unescaped character, to get rid of unexpected meta-character.
+	  [ruby-core:67193] [Bug #10670]
+
+Mon Dec 29 14:27:33 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* doc/syntax/literals.rdoc (Symbols): now Symbols created by
+	  interpolation can be garbage collected.  patch by Yihang Ho in
+	  [ruby-core:67194].  [Bug #10671]
+
+Mon Dec 29 11:18:17 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* thread.c (rb_thread_variable_get): fix dynamic symbol keys.
+	  rb_check_id() returns non-zero only for static symbols, whereas
+	  thread local variable keys can be dynamic symbols.
+	  [ruby-core:67185] [Bug #10667]
+
+Mon Dec 29 10:37:27 2014  Thiago Lewin  <thiago_lewin@yahoo.com.br>
+
+	* io.c (rb_f_select): [DOC] workaround for YARD doc.  [Fix GH-799]
+
+	* process.c (proc_detach): [DOC] fix missing closing parenthesis.
+	  [Fix GH-799]
+
+Mon Dec 29 07:27:23 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/json, test/json: merge JSON HEAD(17fe8e7)
+	  https://github.com/flori/json/compare/v1.8.1...17fe8e7
+
+Sun Dec 28 23:49:37 2014  Michal Papis  <mpapis@gmail.com>
+
+	* rbinstall.rb: fix target location for installing bundled gems.
+	  install to the prepared directory instead of default Gem.dir,
+	  not to be affected GEM_HOME environment variable.  [Fix GH-798]
+
+Sun Dec 28 18:19:28 2014  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* test/-ext-/iseq_load/test_iseq_load.rb
+	  (test_next_in_block_in_block): test using ISeq#eval
+	  (test_break_ensure): ditto
+	  [ruby-core:66988]
+
+Sun Dec 28 16:25:12 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* cygwin/GNUmakefile.in (EXTOBJS): override to add resource files
+	  always.  [ruby-core:67153] [Bug #10657]
+
+Sun Dec 28 13:54:26 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* parse.y (f_kwrest, new_args_tail_gen): unnamed rest keyword and
+	  keywords bits arguments should be unique.  since internal IDs
+	  depend on the local variable index in the current scope, new ID
+	  should be made before popping those vtables.
+	  [ruby-core:67157] [Bug #10659]
+
+Sat Dec 27 20:12:55 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/json/generator/generator.c (JSON_Generator_State_type): add
+	  #ifdef for backward compatibility.
+
+	* ext/json/parser/parser.rl (JSON_Parser_type): ditto.
+
+	* ext/json/generator/generator.h (ZALLOC): add fallback definition.
+
+	* ext/json/parser/parser.h (ZALLOC): ditto.
+
+Sat Dec 27 16:54:05 2014  Tanaka Akira  <akr@fsij.org>
+
+	* process.c: Unused code removed.
+	  It seems waitpid() is universally available on POSIX platforms.
+
+Sat Dec 27 15:08:27 2014  Eric Wong  <e@80x24.org>
+
+	* vm_core.h (rb_vm_living_threads_insert): preserve order
+	  [Bug #10660] [ruby-core:67154] [ruby-core:67159]
+
+Sat Dec 27 13:08:20 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/socket/socket.c: improved document for YARD doc.
+	  [fix GH-795][ci skip] Patch by @tlewin
+
+Sat Dec 27 10:11:21 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* ext/tk/lib/tkextlib/tcllib/plotchart.rb: fix to invoke correct function
+	  of tcllib. Patch by @zalt50 [fix GH-787]
+
+Sat Dec 27 10:03:41 2014  SHIBATA Hiroshi  <shibata.hiroshi@gmail.com>
+
+	* tool/make-snapshot: show sha1 digest when making packages.
+	  it's request from https://github.com/ruby/www.ruby-lang.org/issues/921
+	  [fix GH-794]
+
+Fri Dec 26 15:32:16 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c (ip_invoke_core): remove probably duplicate
+	  dead code.
+
+Fri Dec 26 15:28:27 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/tk/tcltklib.c (ip_ruby_cmd_receiver_const_get): simply use
+	  rb_path2class() to get a class/module from its name.
+
+Fri Dec 26 15:20:54 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* marshal.c (w_long): append at once by w_nbyte() instead of
+	  appending byte by byte.
+
+Fri Dec 26 15:13:13 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/json/parser/parser.rl (unescape_unicode): check if valid
+	  before bit-or assignments.
+	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
+
+	* ext/nkf/nkf-utf8/nkf.c (nkf_iconv_t): fix a missing semicolon.
+	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
+
+	* process.c (rb_spawn_process): get rid of usage of uninitialized
+	  variable.
+	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
+
+	* regexec.c (match_at): ditto.
+
+	* ext/win32ole/win32ole.c (ole_wc2mb_alloc, ole_vstr2wc, ole_mb2wc):
+	  ditto.
+
+	* dir.c (ruby_glob0): no need to check never-NULL pointer.
+	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
+
+	* win32/file.c (rb_file_expand_path_internal): ditto.
+
+	* win32/file.c (code_page_i): handle realloc failure.
+	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
+
+	* win32/stub.c (stub_sysinit): ditto.
+
+	* fix printf format conversion specifiers.
+	  reported by Denis Denisov <denji0k AT gmail.com>.
+
+Fri Dec 26 01:41:40 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/rbinstall.rb: skip installing bundle gems if zlib is unavailable.
+	  [Bug #10647] [ruby-dev:48787]
+
+Fri Dec 26 01:24:42 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* tool/downloader.rb: support old versions of ruby.
+
+	* tool/downloader.rb: now can download gems by http if openssl is not
+	  available (this may be danger!)
+
+Fri Dec 26 00:13:48 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* test/ruby/test_extlibs.rb: check existence of extension libraries
+	  which not depend on outer libraries. (experimental)
+
+Thu Dec 25 21:58:15 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/extconf.rb: make PIC objects if it will be linked as
+	  a shared object eventually.  [ruby-core:67128]
+
+Thu Dec 25 19:01:13 2014  NAKAMURA Usaku  <usa@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/fiddle/win32/libffi-3.2.1-mswin.patch: support mswin32.
+
+Thu Dec 25 17:30:40 2014  Naohisa Goto  <ngotogenome@gmail.com>
+
+	* gc.c (wmap_final_func): fix memory size shortage when realloc wmap.
+	  Fix SEGV during finalize of WeakRef on Solaris (though the SEGV
+	  could occur on all OS/platforms). [ruby-dev:48779] [Bug #10646]
+
+Thu Dec 25 17:27:06 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* configure.in (NET_LUID): include winsock2.h instead of windows.h.
+	  patch by Jon Forums in [ruby-core:67125].  [Bug #10640]
+
+Thu Dec 25 16:14:10 2014  Nobuyoshi Nakada  <nobu@ruby-lang.org>
+
+	* ext/io/console/console.c (console_dev): send the given arguments
+	  to the opened console.  as a special case, do nothing if :close
+	  is given.
+
+	* test/lib/leakchecker.rb (LeakChecker#check_fd_leak): close if
+	  console.
+
+For the changes before 2.2.0, see doc/ChangeLog-2.2.0
+For the changes before 2.1.0, see doc/ChangeLog-2.1.0
+For the changes before 2.0.0, see doc/ChangeLog-2.0.0
+For the changes before 1.9.3, see doc/ChangeLog-1.9.3
+For the changes before 1.8.0, see doc/ChangeLog-1.8.0
+
+Local variables:
+coding: us-ascii
+add-log-time-format: (lambda ()
+  (let* ((time (current-time))
+	 (system-time-locale "C")
+	 (diff (+ (cadr time) 32400))
+	 (lo (% diff 65536))
+	 (hi (+ (car time) (/ diff 65536))))
+  (format-time-string "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y" (list hi lo) t)))
+indent-tabs-mode: t
+tab-width: 8
+change-log-indent-text: 2
+end:
+vim: tabstop=8 shiftwidth=2
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-2.4.0 b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.4.0
index a297a579d1..a297a579d1 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-2.4.0
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-2.4.0
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog-YARV b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-YARV
index 83df05c52c..83df05c52c 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog-YARV
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog/ChangeLog-YARV
diff --git a/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.0.0.md b/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.0.0.md
index 00c26fe585..bdbd47327b 100644
--- a/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.0.0.md
+++ b/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.0.0.md
@@ -512,6 +512,18 @@ Outstanding ones only.
 
     * This version is Ractor compatible.
 
+* URI
+
+    * URI.escape and URI.unescape have been removed.
+      Instead, use the following methods depending on your specific use case.
+
+        * CGI.escape
+        * URI.encode_www_form
+        * URI.encode_www_form_component
+        * CGI.unescape
+        * URI.decode_www_form
+        * URI.decode_www_form_component
+
 ## Compatibility issues
 
 Excluding feature bug fixes.
diff --git a/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.2.0.md b/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.2.0.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..33a7b85c47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/NEWS/NEWS-3.2.0.md
@@ -0,0 +1,820 @@
+# NEWS for Ruby 3.2.0
+
+This document is a list of user-visible feature changes
+since the **3.1.0** release, except for bug fixes.
+
+Note that each entry is kept to a minimum, see links for details.
+
+## Language changes
+
+* Anonymous rest and keyword rest arguments can now be passed as
+  arguments, instead of just used in method parameters.
+  [[Feature #18351]]
+
+    ```ruby
+    def foo(*)
+      bar(*)
+    end
+    def baz(**)
+      quux(**)
+    end
+    ```
+
+* A proc that accepts a single positional argument and keywords will
+  no longer autosplat. [[Bug #18633]]
+
+    ```ruby
+    proc{|a, **k| a}.call([1, 2])
+    # Ruby 3.1 and before
+    # => 1
+    # Ruby 3.2 and after
+    # => [1, 2]
+    ```
+
+* Constant assignment evaluation order for constants set on explicit
+  objects has been made consistent with single attribute assignment
+  evaluation order. With this code:
+
+    ```ruby
+    foo::BAR = baz
+    ```
+
+    `foo` is now called before `baz`. Similarly, for multiple assignments
+    to constants,  left-to-right evaluation order is used. With this
+    code:
+
+    ```ruby
+    foo1::BAR1, foo2::BAR2 = baz1, baz2
+    ```
+
+    The following evaluation order is now used:
+
+    1. `foo1`
+    2. `foo2`
+    3. `baz1`
+    4. `baz2`
+
+    [[Bug #15928]]
+
+* "Find pattern" is no longer experimental.
+  [[Feature #18585]]
+
+* Methods taking a rest parameter (like `*args`) and wishing to delegate keyword
+  arguments through `foo(*args)` must now be marked with `ruby2_keywords`
+  (if not already the case). In other words, all methods wishing to delegate
+  keyword arguments through `*args` must now be marked with `ruby2_keywords`,
+  with no exception. This will make it easier to transition to other ways of
+  delegation once a library can require Ruby 3+. Previously, the `ruby2_keywords`
+  flag was kept if the receiving method took `*args`, but this was a bug and an
+  inconsistency. A good technique to find the potentially-missing `ruby2_keywords`
+  is to run the test suite, for where it fails find the last method which must
+  receive keyword arguments, use `puts nil, caller, nil` there, and check each
+  method/block on the call chain which must delegate keywords is correctly marked
+  as `ruby2_keywords`. [[Bug #18625]] [[Bug #16466]]
+
+    ```ruby
+    def target(**kw)
+    end
+
+    # Accidentally worked without ruby2_keywords in Ruby 2.7-3.1, ruby2_keywords
+    # needed in 3.2+. Just like (*args, **kwargs) or (...) would be needed on
+    # both #foo and #bar when migrating away from ruby2_keywords.
+    ruby2_keywords def bar(*args)
+      target(*args)
+    end
+
+    ruby2_keywords def foo(*args)
+      bar(*args)
+    end
+
+    foo(k: 1)
+    ```
+
+## Core classes updates
+
+Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.
+
+* Fiber
+
+    * Introduce Fiber.[] and Fiber.[]= for inheritable fiber storage.
+      Introduce Fiber#storage and Fiber#storage= (experimental) for
+      getting and resetting the current storage.  Introduce
+      `Fiber.new(storage:)` for setting the storage when creating a
+      fiber. [[Feature #19078]]
+
+        Existing Thread and Fiber local variables can be tricky to use.
+        Thread-local variables are shared between all fibers, making it
+        hard to isolate, while Fiber-local variables can be hard to
+        share.  It is often desirable to define unit of execution
+        ("execution context") such that some state is shared between all
+        fibers and threads created in that context.  This is what Fiber
+        storage provides.
+
+        ```ruby
+        def log(message)
+          puts "#{Fiber[:request_id]}: #{message}"
+        end
+
+        def handle_requests
+          while request = read_request
+            Fiber.schedule do
+              Fiber[:request_id] = SecureRandom.uuid
+
+              request.messages.each do |message|
+                Fiber.schedule do
+                  log("Handling #{message}") # Log includes inherited request_id.
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        ```
+
+        You should generally consider Fiber storage for any state which
+        you want to be shared implicitly between all fibers and threads
+        created in a given context, e.g. a connection pool, a request
+        id, a logger level, environment variables, configuration, etc.
+
+* Fiber::Scheduler
+
+    * Introduce `Fiber::Scheduler#io_select` for non-blocking IO.select.
+      [[Feature #19060]]
+
+* IO
+
+    * Introduce IO#timeout= and IO#timeout which can cause
+      IO::TimeoutError to be raised if a blocking operation exceeds the
+      specified timeout. [[Feature #18630]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        STDIN.timeout = 1
+        STDIN.read # => Blocking operation timed out! (IO::TimeoutError)
+        ```
+
+    * Introduce `IO.new(..., path:)` and promote `File#path` to `IO#path`.
+      [[Feature #19036]]
+
+* Class
+
+    * Class#attached_object, which returns the object for which
+      the receiver is the singleton class. Raises TypeError if the
+      receiver is not a singleton class.
+      [[Feature #12084]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        class Foo; end
+
+        Foo.singleton_class.attached_object        #=> Foo
+        Foo.new.singleton_class.attached_object    #=> #<Foo:0x000000010491a370>
+        Foo.attached_object                        #=> TypeError: `Foo' is not a singleton class
+        nil.singleton_class.attached_object        #=> TypeError: `NilClass' is not a singleton class
+        ```
+
+* Data
+
+    * New core class to represent simple immutable value object. The class is
+      similar to Struct and partially shares an implementation, but has more
+      lean and strict API. [[Feature #16122]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        Measure = Data.define(:amount, :unit)
+        distance = Measure.new(100, 'km')            #=> #<data Measure amount=100, unit="km">
+        weight = Measure.new(amount: 50, unit: 'kg') #=> #<data Measure amount=50, unit="kg">
+        weight.with(amount: 40)                      #=> #<data Measure amount=40, unit="kg">
+        weight.amount                                #=> 50
+        weight.amount = 40                           #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `amount='
+        ```
+
+* Encoding
+
+    * Encoding#replicate has been deprecated and will be removed in 3.3. [[Feature #18949]]
+    * The dummy `Encoding::UTF_16` and `Encoding::UTF_32` encodings no longer
+      try to dynamically guess the endian based on a byte order mark.
+      Use `Encoding::UTF_16BE`/`UTF_16LE` and `Encoding::UTF_32BE`/`UTF_32LE` instead.
+      This change speeds up getting the encoding of a String. [[Feature #18949]]
+    * Limit maximum encoding set size by 256.
+      If exceeding maximum size, `EncodingError` will be raised. [[Feature #18949]]
+
+* Enumerator
+
+    * Enumerator.product has been added.  Enumerator::Product is the implementation. [[Feature #18685]]
+
+* Exception
+
+    * Exception#detailed_message has been added.
+      The default error printer calls this method on the Exception object
+      instead of #message. [[Feature #18564]]
+
+* Hash
+
+    * Hash#shift now always returns nil if the hash is
+      empty, instead of returning the default value or
+      calling the default proc. [[Bug #16908]]
+
+* Integer
+
+    * Integer#ceildiv has been added. [[Feature #18809]]
+
+* Kernel
+
+    * Kernel#binding raises RuntimeError if called from a non-Ruby frame
+      (such as a method defined in C). [[Bug #18487]]
+
+* MatchData
+
+    * MatchData#byteoffset has been added. [[Feature #13110]]
+    * MatchData#deconstruct has been added. [[Feature #18821]]
+    * MatchData#deconstruct_keys has been added. [[Feature #18821]]
+
+* Module
+
+    * Module.used_refinements has been added. [[Feature #14332]]
+    * Module#refinements has been added. [[Feature #12737]]
+    * Module#const_added has been added. [[Feature #17881]]
+    * Module#undefined_instance_methods has been added. [[Feature #12655]]
+
+* Proc
+
+    * Proc#dup returns an instance of subclass. [[Bug #17545]]
+    * Proc#parameters now accepts lambda keyword. [[Feature #15357]]
+
+* Process
+    * Added `RLIMIT_NPTS` constant to FreeBSD platform
+
+* Regexp
+
+    * The cache-based optimization is introduced.
+      Many (but not all) Regexp matching is now in linear time, which
+      will prevent regular expression denial of service (ReDoS)
+      vulnerability. [[Feature #19104]]
+
+    * Regexp.linear_time? is introduced. [[Feature #19194]]
+
+    * Regexp.new now supports passing the regexp flags not only as an Integer,
+      but also as a String.  Unknown flags raise ArgumentError.
+      Otherwise, anything other than `true`, `false`, `nil` or Integer will be warned.
+      [[Feature #18788]]
+
+    * Regexp.timeout= has been added. Also, Regexp.new new supports timeout keyword.
+      See [[Feature #17837]]
+
+* Refinement
+
+    * Refinement#refined_class has been added. [[Feature #12737]]
+
+* RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree
+
+    * Add `error_tolerant` option for `parse`, `parse_file` and `of`. [[Feature #19013]]
+      With this option
+
+        1. SyntaxError is suppressed
+        2. AST is returned for invalid input
+        3. `end` is complemented when a parser reaches to the end of input but `end` is insufficient
+        4. `end` is treated as keyword based on indent
+
+        ```ruby
+        # Without error_tolerant option
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(<<~RUBY)
+        def m
+          a = 10
+          if
+        end
+        RUBY
+        # => <internal:ast>:33:in `parse': syntax error, unexpected `end' (SyntaxError)
+
+        # With error_tolerant option
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(<<~RUBY, error_tolerant: true)
+        def m
+          a = 10
+          if
+        end
+        RUBY
+        p root # => #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:SCOPE@1:0-4:3>
+
+        # `end` is treated as keyword based on indent
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(<<~RUBY, error_tolerant: true)
+        module Z
+          class Foo
+            foo.
+          end
+
+          def bar
+          end
+        end
+        RUBY
+        p root.children[-1].children[-1].children[-1].children[-2..-1]
+        # => [#<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:CLASS@2:2-4:5>, #<RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node:DEFN@6:2-7:5>]
+        ```
+
+    * Add `keep_tokens` option for `parse`, `parse_file` and `of`. Add `#tokens` and `#all_tokens`
+      for RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node [[Feature #19070]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse("x = 1 + 2", keep_tokens: true)
+        root.tokens # => [[0, :tIDENTIFIER, "x", [1, 0, 1, 1]], [1, :tSP, " ", [1, 1, 1, 2]], ...]
+        root.tokens.map{_1[2]}.join # => "x = 1 + 2"
+        ```
+
+* Set
+
+    * Set is now available as a built-in class without the need for `require "set"`. [[Feature #16989]]
+      It is currently autoloaded via the Set constant or a call to Enumerable#to_set.
+
+* String
+
+    * String#byteindex and String#byterindex have been added. [[Feature #13110]]
+    * Update Unicode to Version 15.0.0 and Emoji Version 15.0. [[Feature #18639]]
+      (also applies to Regexp)
+    * String#bytesplice has been added.  [[Feature #18598]]
+    * String#dedup has been added as an alias to String#-@.  [[Feature #18595]]
+
+* Struct
+
+    * A Struct class can also be initialized with keyword arguments
+      without `keyword_init: true` on Struct.new [[Feature #16806]]
+
+        ```ruby
+        Post = Struct.new(:id, :name)
+        Post.new(1, "hello") #=> #<struct Post id=1, name="hello">
+        # From Ruby 3.2, the following code also works without keyword_init: true.
+        Post.new(id: 1, name: "hello") #=> #<struct Post id=1, name="hello">
+        ```
+
+* Thread
+
+    * Thread.each_caller_location is added. [[Feature #16663]]
+
+* Thread::Queue
+
+    * Thread::Queue#pop(timeout: sec) is added. [[Feature #18774]]
+
+* Thread::SizedQueue
+
+    * Thread::SizedQueue#pop(timeout: sec) is added. [[Feature #18774]]
+    * Thread::SizedQueue#push(timeout: sec) is added. [[Feature #18944]]
+
+* Time
+
+    * Time#deconstruct_keys is added, allowing to use Time instances
+      in pattern-matching expressions [[Feature #19071]]
+
+    * Time.new now can parse a string like generated by Time#inspect
+      and return a Time instance based on the given argument.
+      [[Feature #18033]]
+
+* SyntaxError
+    * SyntaxError#path has been added.  [[Feature #19138]]
+
+* TracePoint
+
+    * TracePoint#binding now returns `nil` for `c_call`/`c_return` TracePoints.
+      [[Bug #18487]]
+    * TracePoint#enable `target_thread` keyword argument now defaults to the
+      current thread if a block is given and `target` and `target_line` keyword
+      arguments are not passed. [[Bug #16889]]
+
+* UnboundMethod
+
+    * `UnboundMethod#==` returns `true` if the actual method is same. For example,
+      `String.instance_method(:object_id) == Array.instance_method(:object_id)`
+      returns `true`. [[Feature #18798]]
+
+    * `UnboundMethod#inspect` does not show the receiver of `instance_method`.
+      For example `String.instance_method(:object_id).inspect` returns
+      `"#<UnboundMethod: Kernel#object_id()>"`
+      (was `"#<UnboundMethod: String(Kernel)#object_id()>"`).
+
+* GC
+
+    * Expose `need_major_gc` via `GC.latest_gc_info`. [GH-6791]
+
+* ObjectSpace
+
+    * `ObjectSpace.dump_all` dump shapes as well. [GH-6868]
+
+## Stdlib updates
+
+* Bundler
+
+    * Bundler now uses [PubGrub] resolver instead of [Molinillo] for performance improvement.
+    * Add --ext=rust support to bundle gem for creating simple gems with Rust extensions.
+      [[GH-rubygems-6149]]
+    * Make cloning git repos faster [[GH-rubygems-4475]]
+
+* RubyGems
+
+    * Add mswin support for cargo builder. [[GH-rubygems-6167]]
+
+* CGI
+
+    * `CGI.escapeURIComponent` and `CGI.unescapeURIComponent` are added.
+      [[Feature #18822]]
+
+* Coverage
+
+    * `Coverage.setup` now accepts `eval: true`. By this, `eval` and related methods are
+      able to generate code coverage. [[Feature #19008]]
+
+    * `Coverage.supported?(mode)` enables detection of what coverage modes are
+      supported. [[Feature #19026]]
+
+* Date
+
+    * Added `Date#deconstruct_keys` and `DateTime#deconstruct_keys` same as [[Feature #19071]]
+
+* ERB
+
+    * `ERB::Util.html_escape` is made faster than `CGI.escapeHTML`.
+        * It no longer allocates a String object when no character needs to be escaped.
+        * It skips calling `#to_s` method when an argument is already a String.
+        * `ERB::Escape.html_escape` is added as an alias to `ERB::Util.html_escape`,
+          which has not been monkey-patched by Rails.
+    * `ERB::Util.url_encode` is made faster using `CGI.escapeURIComponent`.
+    * `-S` option is removed from `erb` command.
+
+* FileUtils
+
+    * Add FileUtils.ln_sr method and `relative:` option to FileUtils.ln_s.
+      [[Feature #18925]]
+
+* IRB
+
+    * debug.gem integration commands have been added: `debug`, `break`, `catch`,
+      `next`, `delete`, `step`, `continue`, `finish`, `backtrace`, `info`
+        * They work even if you don't have `gem "debug"` in your Gemfile.
+        * See also: [What's new in Ruby 3.2's IRB?](https://st0012.dev/whats-new-in-ruby-3-2-irb)
+    * More Pry-like commands and features have been added.
+        * `edit` and `show_cmds` (like Pry's `help`) are added.
+        * `ls` takes `-g` or `-G` option to filter out outputs.
+        * `show_source` is aliased from `$` and accepts unquoted inputs.
+        * `whereami` is aliased from `@`.
+
+* Net::Protocol
+
+    * Improve `Net::BufferedIO` performance. [[GH-net-protocol-14]]
+
+* Pathname
+
+    * Added `Pathname#lutime`. [[GH-pathname-20]]
+
+* Socket
+
+    * Added the following constants for supported platforms.
+        * `SO_INCOMING_CPU`
+        * `SO_INCOMING_NAPI_ID`
+        * `SO_RTABLE`
+        * `SO_SETFIB`
+        * `SO_USER_COOKIE`
+        * `TCP_KEEPALIVE`
+        * `TCP_CONNECTION_INFO`
+
+* SyntaxSuggest
+
+    * The feature of `syntax_suggest` formerly `dead_end` is integrated in Ruby.
+      [[Feature #18159]]
+
+* UNIXSocket
+
+    * Add support for UNIXSocket on Windows. Emulate anonymous sockets. Add
+      support for File.socket? and File::Stat#socket? where possible.
+      [[Feature #19135]]
+
+*   The following default gems are updated.
+
+    * RubyGems 3.4.1
+    * abbrev 0.1.1
+    * benchmark 0.2.1
+    * bigdecimal 3.1.3
+    * bundler 2.4.1
+    * cgi 0.3.6
+    * csv 3.2.6
+    * date 3.3.3
+    * delegate 0.3.0
+    * did_you_mean 1.6.3
+    * digest 3.1.1
+    * drb 2.1.1
+    * english 0.7.2
+    * erb 4.0.2
+    * error_highlight 0.5.1
+    * etc 1.4.2
+    * fcntl 1.0.2
+    * fiddle 1.1.1
+    * fileutils 1.7.0
+    * forwardable 1.3.3
+    * getoptlong 0.2.0
+    * io-console 0.6.0
+    * io-nonblock 0.2.0
+    * io-wait 0.3.0
+    * ipaddr 1.2.5
+    * irb 1.6.2
+    * json 2.6.3
+    * logger 1.5.3
+    * mutex_m 0.1.2
+    * net-http 0.3.2
+    * net-protocol 0.2.1
+    * nkf 0.1.2
+    * open-uri 0.3.0
+    * open3 0.1.2
+    * openssl 3.1.0
+    * optparse 0.3.1
+    * ostruct 0.5.5
+    * pathname 0.2.1
+    * pp 0.4.0
+    * pstore 0.1.2
+    * psych 5.0.1
+    * racc 1.6.2
+    * rdoc 6.5.0
+    * readline-ext 0.1.5
+    * reline 0.3.2
+    * resolv 0.2.2
+    * resolv-replace 0.1.1
+    * securerandom 0.2.2
+    * set 1.0.3
+    * stringio 3.0.4
+    * strscan 3.0.5
+    * syntax_suggest 1.0.2
+    * syslog 0.1.1
+    * tempfile 0.1.3
+    * time 0.2.1
+    * timeout 0.3.1
+    * tmpdir 0.1.3
+    * tsort 0.1.1
+    * un 0.2.1
+    * uri 0.12.0
+    * weakref 0.1.2
+    * win32ole 1.8.9
+    * yaml 0.2.1
+    * zlib 3.0.0
+
+*   The following bundled gems are updated.
+
+    * minitest 5.16.3
+    * power_assert 2.0.3
+    * test-unit 3.5.7
+    * net-ftp 0.2.0
+    * net-imap 0.3.4
+    * net-pop 0.1.2
+    * net-smtp 0.3.3
+    * rbs 2.8.2
+    * typeprof 0.21.3
+    * debug 1.7.1
+
+See GitHub releases like [GitHub Releases of Logger](https://github.com/ruby/logger/releases) or changelog for details of the default gems or bundled gems.
+
+## Supported platforms
+
+* WebAssembly/WASI is added. See [wasm/README.md] and [ruby.wasm] for more details. [[Feature #18462]]
+
+## Compatibility issues
+
+* `String#to_c` currently treat a sequence of underscores as an end of Complex
+  string. [[Bug #19087]]
+
+* Now `ENV.clone` raises `TypeError` as well as `ENV.dup` [[Bug #17767]]
+
+### Removed constants
+
+The following deprecated constants are removed.
+
+* `Fixnum` and `Bignum` [[Feature #12005]]
+* `Random::DEFAULT` [[Feature #17351]]
+* `Struct::Group`
+* `Struct::Passwd`
+
+### Removed methods
+
+The following deprecated methods are removed.
+
+* `Dir.exists?` [[Feature #17391]]
+* `File.exists?` [[Feature #17391]]
+* `Kernel#=~` [[Feature #15231]]
+* `Kernel#taint`, `Kernel#untaint`, `Kernel#tainted?`
+  [[Feature #16131]]
+* `Kernel#trust`, `Kernel#untrust`, `Kernel#untrusted?`
+  [[Feature #16131]]
+* `Method#public?`, `Method#private?`, `Method#protected?`,
+  `UnboundMethod#public?`, `UnboundMethod#private?`, `UnboundMethod#protected?`
+  [[Bug #18729]] [[Bug #18751]] [[Bug #18435]]
+
+### Source code incompatibility of extension libraries
+
+* Extension libraries provide PRNG, subclasses of Random, need updates.
+  See [PRNG update] below for more information. [[Bug #19100]]
+
+### Error printer
+
+* Ruby no longer escapes control characters and backslashes in an
+  error message. [[Feature #18367]]
+
+### Constant lookup when defining a class/module
+
+* When defining a class/module directly under the Object class by class/module
+  statement, if there is already a class/module defined by `Module#include`
+  with the same name, the statement was handled as "open class" in Ruby 3.1 or before.
+  Since Ruby 3.2, a new class is defined instead. [[Feature #18832]]
+
+## Stdlib compatibility issues
+
+* Psych no longer bundles libyaml sources.
+  And also Fiddle no longer bundles libffi sources.
+  Users need to install the libyaml/libffi library themselves via the package
+  manager like apt, yum, brew, etc.
+
+    Psych and fiddle supported the static build with specific version of libyaml
+    and libffi sources. You can build psych with libyaml-0.2.5 like this.
+
+    ```bash
+    $ ./configure --with-libyaml-source-dir=/path/to/libyaml-0.2.5
+    ```
+
+    And you can build fiddle with libffi-3.4.4 like this.
+
+    ```bash
+    $ ./configure --with-libffi-source-dir=/path/to/libffi-3.4.4
+    ```
+
+    [[Feature #18571]]
+
+* Check cookie name/path/domain characters in `CGI::Cookie`. [[CVE-2021-33621]]
+
+* `URI.parse` return empty string in host instead of nil. [[sec-156615]]
+
+## C API updates
+
+### Updated C APIs
+
+The following APIs are updated.
+
+* PRNG update
+
+    `rb_random_interface_t` in ruby/random.h updated and versioned.
+    Extension libraries which use this interface and built for older
+    versions need to rebuild with adding `init_int32` function.
+
+### Added C APIs
+
+* `VALUE rb_hash_new_capa(long capa)` was added to created hashes with the desired capacity.
+* `rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook` and `rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook` were added to instrument threads scheduling.
+  The following events are available:
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED`
+    * `RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED`
+* `rb_debug_inspector_current_depth` and `rb_debug_inspector_frame_depth` are added for debuggers.
+
+### Removed C APIs
+
+The following deprecated APIs are removed.
+
+* `rb_cData` variable.
+* "taintedness" and "trustedness" functions. [[Feature #16131]]
+
+## Implementation improvements
+
+* Fixed several race conditions in Kernel#autoload. [[Bug #18782]]
+* Cache invalidation for expressions referencing constants is now
+  more fine-grained. `RubyVM.stat(:global_constant_state)` was
+  removed because it was closely tied to the previous caching scheme
+  where setting any constant invalidates all caches in the system.
+  New keys, `:constant_cache_invalidations` and `:constant_cache_misses`,
+  were introduced to help with use cases for `:global_constant_state`.
+  [[Feature #18589]]
+* The cache-based optimization for Regexp matching is introduced.
+  [[Feature #19104]]
+* [Variable Width Allocation](https://shopify.engineering/ruby-variable-width-allocation)
+  is now enabled by default. [[Feature #18239]]
+* Added a new instance variable caching mechanism, called object shapes, which
+  improves inline cache hits for most objects and allows us to generate very
+  efficient JIT code. Objects whose instance variables are defined in a
+  consistent order will see the most performance benefits.
+  [[Feature #18776]]
+* Speed up marking instruction sequences by using a bitmap to find "markable"
+  objects.  This change results in faster major collections.
+  [[Feature #18875]]
+
+## JIT
+
+### YJIT
+
+* YJIT is no longer experimental
+    * Has been tested on production workloads for over a year and proven to be quite stable.
+* YJIT now supports both x86-64 and arm64/aarch64 CPUs on Linux, MacOS, BSD and other UNIX platforms.
+    * This release brings support for Mac M1/M2, AWS Graviton and Raspberry Pi 4.
+* Building YJIT now requires Rust 1.58.0+. [[Feature #18481]]
+    * In order to ensure that CRuby is built with YJIT, please install `rustc` >= 1.58.0
+      before running `./configure`
+    * Please reach out to the YJIT team should you run into any issues.
+* Physical memory for JIT code is lazily allocated. Unlike Ruby 3.1,
+  the RSS of a Ruby process is minimized because virtual memory pages
+  allocated by `--yjit-exec-mem-size` will not be mapped to physical
+  memory pages until actually utilized by JIT code.
+* Introduce Code GC that frees all code pages when the memory consumption
+  by JIT code reaches `--yjit-exec-mem-size`.
+    * `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats` returns Code GC metrics in addition to
+      existing `inline_code_size` and `outlined_code_size` keys:
+      `code_gc_count`, `live_page_count`, `freed_page_count`, and `freed_code_size`.
+* Most of the statistics produced by `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats` are now available in release builds.
+    * Simply run ruby with `--yjit-stats` to compute and dump stats (incurs some run-time overhead).
+* YJIT is now optimized to take advantage of object shapes. [[Feature #18776]]
+* Take advantage of finer-grained constant invalidation to invalidate less code when defining new constants. [[Feature #18589]]
+* The default `--yjit-exec-mem-size` is changed to 64 (MiB).
+* The default `--yjit-call-threshold` is changed to 30.
+
+### MJIT
+
+* The MJIT compiler is re-implemented in Ruby as `ruby_vm/mjit/compiler`.
+* MJIT compiler is executed under a forked Ruby process instead of
+  doing it in a native thread called MJIT worker. [[Feature #18968]]
+    * As a result, Microsoft Visual Studio (MSWIN) is no longer supported.
+* MinGW is no longer supported. [[Feature #18824]]
+* Rename `--mjit-min-calls` to `--mjit-call-threshold`.
+* Change default `--mjit-max-cache` back from 10000 to 100.
+
+[Feature #12005]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12005
+[Feature #12084]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12084
+[Feature #12655]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12655
+[Feature #12737]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12737
+[Feature #13110]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/13110
+[Feature #14332]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14332
+[Feature #15231]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15231
+[Feature #15357]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15357
+[Bug #15928]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15928
+[Feature #16122]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16122
+[Feature #16131]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16131
+[Bug #16466]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16466
+[Feature #16663]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16663
+[Feature #16806]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16806
+[Bug #16889]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16889
+[Bug #16908]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16908
+[Feature #16989]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16989
+[Feature #17351]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17351
+[Feature #17391]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17391
+[Bug #17545]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17545
+[Bug #17767]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17767
+[Feature #17837]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17837
+[Feature #17881]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17881
+[Feature #18033]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18033
+[Feature #18159]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18159
+[Feature #18239]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18239#note-17
+[Feature #18351]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18351
+[Feature #18367]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18367
+[Bug #18435]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18435
+[Feature #18462]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18462
+[Feature #18481]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18481
+[Bug #18487]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18487
+[Feature #18564]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18564
+[Feature #18571]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18571
+[Feature #18585]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18585
+[Feature #18589]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18589
+[Feature #18595]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18595
+[Feature #18598]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18598
+[Bug #18625]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18625
+[Feature #18630]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18630
+[Bug #18633]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18633
+[Feature #18639]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18639
+[Feature #18685]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18685
+[Bug #18729]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18729
+[Bug #18751]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18751
+[Feature #18774]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18774
+[Feature #18776]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18776
+[Bug #18782]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18782
+[Feature #18788]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18788
+[Feature #18798]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18798
+[Feature #18809]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18809
+[Feature #18821]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18821
+[Feature #18822]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18822
+[Feature #18824]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18824
+[Feature #18832]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18832
+[Feature #18875]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18875
+[Feature #18925]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18925
+[Feature #18944]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18944
+[Feature #18949]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18949
+[Feature #18968]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18968
+[Feature #19008]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19008
+[Feature #19013]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19013
+[Feature #19026]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19026
+[Feature #19036]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19036
+[Feature #19060]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19060
+[Feature #19070]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19070
+[Feature #19071]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19071
+[Feature #19078]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19078
+[Bug #19087]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19087
+[Bug #19100]:         https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19100
+[Feature #19104]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19104
+[Feature #19135]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19135
+[Feature #19138]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19138
+[Feature #19194]:     https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19194
+[Molinillo]:          https://github.com/CocoaPods/Molinillo
+[PubGrub]:            https://github.com/jhawthorn/pub_grub
+[GH-net-protocol-14]: https://github.com/ruby/net-protocol/pull/14
+[GH-pathname-20]:     https://github.com/ruby/pathname/pull/20
+[GH-6791]:            https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6791
+[GH-6868]:            https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6868
+[GH-rubygems-4475]:   https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/4475
+[GH-rubygems-6149]:   https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/6149
+[GH-rubygems-6167]:   https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/6167
+[sec-156615]:         https://hackerone.com/reports/156615
+[CVE-2021-33621]:     https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2022/11/22/http-response-splitting-in-cgi-cve-2021-33621/
+[wasm/README.md]:     https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/master/wasm/README.md
+[ruby.wasm]:          https://github.com/ruby/ruby.wasm
diff --git a/doc/_regexp.rdoc b/doc/_regexp.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b71eee984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/_regexp.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,1276 @@
+A {regular expression}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression]
+(also called a _regexp_) is a <i>match pattern</i> (also simply called a _pattern_).
+
+A common notation for a regexp uses enclosing slash characters:
+
+  /foo/
+
+A regexp may be applied to a <i>target string</i>;
+The part of the string (if any) that matches the pattern is called a _match_,
+and may be said <i>to match</i>:
+
+  re = /red/
+  re.match?('redirect') # => true   # Match at beginning of target.
+  re.match?('bored')    # => true   # Match at end of target.
+  re.match?('credit')   # => true   # Match within target.
+  re.match?('foo')      # => false  # No match.
+
+== \Regexp Uses
+
+A regexp may be used:
+
+- To extract substrings based on a given pattern:
+
+    re = /foo/              # => /foo/
+    re.match('food')        # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    re.match('good')        # => nil
+
+  See sections {Method match}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Method+match]
+  and {Operator =~}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Operator+-3D~].
+
+- To determine whether a string matches a given pattern:
+
+    re.match?('food') # => true
+    re.match?('good') # => false
+
+  See section {Method match?}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Method+match-3F].
+
+- As an argument for calls to certain methods in other classes and modules;
+  most such methods accept an argument that may be either a string
+  or the (much more powerful) regexp.
+
+  See {Regexp Methods}[rdoc-ref:regexp/methods.rdoc].
+
+== \Regexp Objects
+
+A regexp object has:
+
+- A source; see {Sources}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Sources].
+
+- Several modes; see {Modes}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Modes].
+
+- A timeout; see {Timeouts}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Timeouts].
+
+- An encoding; see {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Encodings].
+
+== Creating a \Regexp
+
+A regular expression may be created with:
+
+- A regexp literal using slash characters
+  (see {Regexp Literals}[rdoc-ref:syntax/literals.rdoc@Regexp+Literals]):
+
+    # This is a very common usage.
+    /foo/ # => /foo/
+
+- A <tt>%r</tt> regexp literal
+  (see {%r: Regexp Literals}[rdoc-ref:syntax/literals.rdoc@25r-3A+Regexp+Literals]):
+
+    # Same delimiter character at beginning and end;
+    # useful for avoiding escaping characters
+    %r/name\/value pair/ # => /name\/value pair/
+    %r:name/value pair:  # => /name\/value pair/
+    %r|name/value pair|  # => /name\/value pair/
+
+    # Certain "paired" characters can be delimiters.
+    %r[foo] # => /foo/
+    %r{foo} # => /foo/
+    %r(foo) # => /foo/
+    %r<foo> # => /foo/
+
+- \Method Regexp.new.
+
+== \Method <tt>match</tt>
+
+Each of the methods Regexp#match, String#match, and Symbol#match
+returns a MatchData object if a match was found, +nil+ otherwise;
+each also sets {global variables}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Global+Variables]:
+
+  'food'.match(/foo/) # => #<MatchData "foo">
+  'food'.match(/bar/) # => nil
+
+== Operator <tt>=~</tt>
+
+Each of the operators Regexp#=~, String#=~, and Symbol#=~
+returns an integer offset if a match was found, +nil+ otherwise;
+each also sets {global variables}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Global+Variables]:
+
+  /bar/ =~ 'foo bar' # => 4
+  'foo bar' =~ /bar/ # => 4
+  /baz/ =~ 'foo bar' # => nil
+
+== \Method <tt>match?</tt>
+
+Each of the methods Regexp#match?, String#match?, and Symbol#match?
+returns +true+ if a match was found, +false+ otherwise;
+none sets {global variables}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Global+Variables]:
+
+  'food'.match?(/foo/) # => true
+  'food'.match?(/bar/) # => false
+
+== Global Variables
+
+Certain regexp-oriented methods assign values to global variables:
+
+- <tt>#match</tt>: see {Method match}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Method+match].
+- <tt>#=~</tt>: see {Operator =~}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Operator+-3D~].
+
+The affected global variables are:
+
+- <tt>$~</tt>: Returns a MatchData object, or +nil+.
+- <tt>$&</tt>: Returns the matched part of the string, or +nil+.
+- <tt>$`</tt>: Returns the part of the string to the left of the match, or +nil+.
+- <tt>$'</tt>: Returns the part of the string to the right of the match, or +nil+.
+- <tt>$+</tt>: Returns the last group matched, or +nil+.
+- <tt>$1</tt>, <tt>$2</tt>, etc.: Returns the first, second, etc.,
+  matched group, or +nil+.
+  Note that <tt>$0</tt> is quite different;
+  it returns the name of the currently executing program.
+
+Examples:
+
+  # Matched string, but no matched groups.
+  'foo bar bar baz'.match('bar')
+  $~ # => #<MatchData "bar">
+  $& # => "bar"
+  $` # => "foo "
+  $' # => " bar baz"
+  $+ # => nil
+  $1 # => nil
+
+  # Matched groups.
+  /s(\w{2}).*(c)/.match('haystack')
+  $~ # => #<MatchData "stac" 1:"ta" 2:"c">
+  $& # => "stac"
+  $` # => "hay"
+  $' # => "k"
+  $+ # => "c"
+  $1 # => "ta"
+  $2 # => "c"
+  $3 # => nil
+
+  # No match.
+  'foo'.match('bar')
+  $~ # => nil
+  $& # => nil
+  $` # => nil
+  $' # => nil
+  $+ # => nil
+  $1 # => nil
+
+Note that Regexp#match?, String#match?, and Symbol#match?
+do not set global variables.
+
+== Sources
+
+As seen above, the simplest regexp uses a literal expression as its source:
+
+  re = /foo/              # => /foo/
+  re.match('food')        # => #<MatchData "foo">
+  re.match('good')        # => nil
+
+A rich collection of available _subexpressions_
+gives the regexp great power and flexibility:
+
+- {Special characters}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Special+Characters]
+- {Source literals}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Source+Literals]
+- {Character classes}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Character+Classes]
+- {Shorthand character classes}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Shorthand+Character+Classes]
+- {Anchors}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Anchors]
+- {Alternation}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Alternation]
+- {Quantifiers}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Quantifiers]
+- {Groups and captures}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Groups+and+Captures]
+- {Unicode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Unicode]
+- {POSIX Bracket Expressions}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@POSIX+Bracket+Expressions]
+- {Comments}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Comments]
+
+=== Special Characters
+
+\Regexp special characters, called _metacharacters_,
+have special meanings in certain contexts;
+depending on the context, these are sometimes metacharacters:
+
+  . ? - + * ^ \ | $ ( ) [ ] { }
+
+To match a metacharacter literally, backslash-escape it:
+
+  # Matches one or more 'o' characters.
+  /o+/.match('foo')  # => #<MatchData "oo">
+  # Would match 'o+'.
+  /o\+/.match('foo') # => nil
+
+To match a backslash literally, backslash-escape it:
+
+  /\./.match('\.')  # => #<MatchData ".">
+  /\\./.match('\.') # => #<MatchData "\\.">
+
+Method Regexp.escape returns an escaped string:
+
+  Regexp.escape('.?-+*^\|$()[]{}')
+  # => "\\.\\?\\-\\+\\*\\^\\\\\\|\\$\\(\\)\\[\\]\\{\\}"
+
+=== Source Literals
+
+The source literal largely behaves like a double-quoted string;
+see {String Literals}[rdoc-ref:syntax/literals.rdoc@String+Literals].
+
+In particular, a source literal may contain interpolated expressions:
+
+  s = 'foo'         # => "foo"
+  /#{s}/            # => /foo/
+  /#{s.capitalize}/ # => /Foo/
+  /#{2 + 2}/        # => /4/
+
+There are differences between an ordinary string literal and a source literal;
+see {Shorthand Character Classes}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Shorthand+Character+Classes].
+
+- <tt>\s</tt> in an ordinary string literal is equivalent to a space character;
+  in a source literal, it's shorthand for matching a whitespace character.
+- In an ordinary string literal, these are (needlessly) escaped characters;
+  in a source literal, they are shorthands for various matching characters:
+
+    \w \W \d \D \h \H \S \R
+
+=== Character Classes
+
+A <i>character class</i> is delimited by square brackets;
+it specifies that certain characters match at a given point in the target string:
+
+  # This character class will match any vowel.
+  re = /B[aeiou]rd/
+  re.match('Bird') # => #<MatchData "Bird">
+  re.match('Bard') # => #<MatchData "Bard">
+  re.match('Byrd') # => nil
+
+A character class may contain hyphen characters to specify ranges of characters:
+
+  # These regexps have the same effect.
+  /[abcdef]/.match('foo') # => #<MatchData "f">
+  /[a-f]/.match('foo')    # => #<MatchData "f">
+  /[a-cd-f]/.match('foo') # => #<MatchData "f">
+
+When the first character of a character class is a caret (<tt>^</tt>),
+the sense of the class is inverted: it matches any character _except_ those specified.
+
+  /[^a-eg-z]/.match('f') # => #<MatchData "f">
+
+A character class may contain another character class.
+By itself this isn't useful because <tt>[a-z[0-9]]</tt>
+describes the same set as <tt>[a-z0-9]</tt>.
+
+However, character classes also support the <tt>&&</tt> operator,
+which performs set intersection on its arguments.
+The two can be combined as follows:
+
+  /[a-w&&[^c-g]z]/ # ([a-w] AND ([^c-g] OR z))
+
+This is equivalent to:
+
+    /[abh-w]/
+
+=== Shorthand Character Classes
+
+Each of the following metacharacters serves as a shorthand
+for a character class:
+
+- <tt>/./</tt>: Matches any character except a newline:
+
+    /./.match('foo') # => #<MatchData "f">
+    /./.match("\n")  # => nil
+
+- <tt>/./m</tt>: Matches any character, including a newline;
+  see {Multiline Mode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Multiline+Mode]:
+
+    /./m.match("\n") # => #<MatchData "\n">
+
+- <tt>/\w/</tt>: Matches a word character: equivalent to <tt>[a-zA-Z0-9_]</tt>:
+
+    /\w/.match(' foo') # => #<MatchData "f">
+    /\w/.match(' _')   # => #<MatchData "_">
+    /\w/.match(' ')    # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\W/</tt>: Matches a non-word character: equivalent to <tt>[^a-zA-Z0-9_]</tt>:
+
+    /\W/.match(' ') # => #<MatchData " ">
+    /\W/.match('_') # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\d/</tt>: Matches a digit character: equivalent to <tt>[0-9]</tt>:
+
+    /\d/.match('THX1138') # => #<MatchData "1">
+    /\d/.match('foo')     # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\D/</tt>: Matches a non-digit character: equivalent to <tt>[^0-9]</tt>:
+
+    /\D/.match('123Jump!') # => #<MatchData "J">
+    /\D/.match('123')      # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\h/</tt>: Matches a hexdigit character: equivalent to <tt>[0-9a-fA-F]</tt>:
+
+    /\h/.match('xyz fedcba9876543210') # => #<MatchData "f">
+    /\h/.match('xyz')                  # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\H/</tt>: Matches a non-hexdigit character: equivalent to <tt>[^0-9a-fA-F]</tt>:
+
+    /\H/.match('fedcba9876543210xyz') # => #<MatchData "x">
+    /\H/.match('fedcba9876543210')    # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\s/</tt>: Matches a whitespace character: equivalent to <tt>/[ \t\r\n\f\v]/</tt>:
+
+    /\s/.match('foo bar') # => #<MatchData " ">
+    /\s/.match('foo')     # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\S/</tt>: Matches a non-whitespace character: equivalent to <tt>/[^ \t\r\n\f\v]/</tt>:
+
+    /\S/.match(" \t\r\n\f\v foo") # => #<MatchData "f">
+    /\S/.match(" \t\r\n\f\v")     # => nil
+
+- <tt>/\R/</tt>: Matches a linebreak, platform-independently:
+
+    /\R/.match("\r")     # => #<MatchData "\r">     # Carriage return (CR)
+    /\R/.match("\n")     # => #<MatchData "\n">     # Newline (LF)
+    /\R/.match("\f")     # => #<MatchData "\f">     # Formfeed (FF)
+    /\R/.match("\v")     # => #<MatchData "\v">     # Vertical tab (VT)
+    /\R/.match("\r\n")   # => #<MatchData "\r\n">   # CRLF
+    /\R/.match("\u0085") # => #<MatchData "\u0085"> # Next line (NEL)
+    /\R/.match("\u2028") # => #<MatchData "\u2028"> # Line separator (LSEP)
+    /\R/.match("\u2029") # => #<MatchData "\u2029"> # Paragraph separator (PSEP)
+
+=== Anchors
+
+An anchor is a metasequence that matches a zero-width position between
+characters in the target string.
+
+For a subexpression with no anchor,
+matching may begin anywhere in the target string:
+
+  /real/.match('surrealist') # => #<MatchData "real">
+
+For a subexpression with an anchor,
+matching must begin at the matched anchor.
+
+==== Boundary Anchors
+
+Each of these anchors matches a boundary:
+
+- <tt>^</tt>: Matches the beginning of a line:
+
+    /^bar/.match("foo\nbar") # => #<MatchData "bar">
+    /^ar/.match("foo\nbar")  # => nil
+
+- <tt>$</tt>: Matches the end of a line:
+
+    /bar$/.match("foo\nbar") # => #<MatchData "bar">
+    /ba$/.match("foo\nbar")  # => nil
+
+- <tt>\A</tt>: Matches the beginning of the string:
+
+    /\Afoo/.match('foo bar')  # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    /\Afoo/.match(' foo bar') # => nil
+
+- <tt>\Z</tt>: Matches the end of the string;
+  if string ends with a single newline,
+  it matches just before the ending newline:
+
+    /foo\Z/.match('bar foo')     # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    /foo\Z/.match('foo bar')     # => nil
+    /foo\Z/.match("bar foo\n")   # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    /foo\Z/.match("bar foo\n\n") # => nil
+
+- <tt>\z</tt>: Matches the end of the string:
+
+    /foo\z/.match('bar foo')   # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    /foo\z/.match('foo bar')   # => nil
+    /foo\z/.match("bar foo\n") # => nil
+
+- <tt>\b</tt>: Matches word boundary when not inside brackets;
+  matches backspace (<tt>"0x08"</tt>) when inside brackets:
+
+    /foo\b/.match('foo bar') # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    /foo\b/.match('foobar')  # => nil
+
+- <tt>\B</tt>: Matches non-word boundary:
+
+    /foo\B/.match('foobar')  # => #<MatchData "foo">
+    /foo\B/.match('foo bar') # => nil
+
+- <tt>\G</tt>: Matches first matching position:
+
+  In methods like String#gsub and String#scan, it changes on each iteration.
+  It initially matches the beginning of subject, and in each following iteration it matches where the last match finished.
+
+    "    a b c".gsub(/ /, '_')   # => "____a_b_c"
+    "    a b c".gsub(/\G /, '_') # => "____a b c"
+
+  In methods like Regexp#match and String#match
+  that take an optional offset, it matches where the search begins.
+
+    "hello, world".match(/,/, 3)   # => #<MatchData ",">
+    "hello, world".match(/\G,/, 3) # => nil
+
+==== Lookaround Anchors
+
+Lookahead anchors:
+
+- <tt>(?=_pat_)</tt>: Positive lookahead assertion:
+  ensures that the following characters match _pat_,
+  but doesn't include those characters in the matched substring.
+
+- <tt>(?!_pat_)</tt>: Negative lookahead assertion:
+  ensures that the following characters <i>do not</i> match _pat_,
+  but doesn't include those characters in the matched substring.
+
+Lookbehind anchors:
+
+- <tt>(?<=_pat_)</tt>: Positive lookbehind assertion:
+  ensures that the preceding characters match _pat_, but
+  doesn't include those characters in the matched substring.
+
+- <tt>(?<!_pat_)</tt>: Negative lookbehind assertion:
+  ensures that the preceding characters do not match
+  _pat_, but doesn't include those characters in the matched substring.
+
+The pattern below uses positive lookahead and positive lookbehind to match
+text appearing in <tt><b></tt>...<tt></b></tt> tags
+without including the tags in the match:
+
+  /(?<=<b>)\w+(?=<\/b>)/.match("Fortune favors the <b>bold</b>.")
+  # => #<MatchData "bold">
+
+==== Match-Reset Anchor
+
+- <tt>\K</tt>: Match reset:
+  the matched content preceding <tt>\K</tt> in the regexp is excluded from the result.
+  For example, the following two regexps are almost equivalent:
+
+    /ab\Kc/.match('abc')    # => #<MatchData "c">
+    /(?<=ab)c/.match('abc') # => #<MatchData "c">
+
+  These match same string and <tt>$&</tt> equals <tt>'c'</tt>,
+  while the matched position is different.
+
+  As are the following two regexps:
+
+    /(a)\K(b)\Kc/
+    /(?<=(?<=(a))(b))c/
+
+=== Alternation
+
+The vertical bar metacharacter (<tt>|</tt>) may be used within parentheses
+to express alternation:
+two or more subexpressions any of which may match the target string.
+
+Two alternatives:
+
+  re = /(a|b)/
+  re.match('foo') # => nil
+  re.match('bar') # => #<MatchData "b" 1:"b">
+
+Four alternatives:
+
+  re = /(a|b|c|d)/
+  re.match('shazam') # => #<MatchData "a" 1:"a">
+  re.match('cold')   # => #<MatchData "c" 1:"c">
+
+Each alternative is a subexpression, and may be composed of other subexpressions:
+
+  re = /([a-c]|[x-z])/
+  re.match('bar') # => #<MatchData "b" 1:"b">
+  re.match('ooz') # => #<MatchData "z" 1:"z">
+
+\Method Regexp.union provides a convenient way to construct
+a regexp with alternatives.
+
+=== Quantifiers
+
+A simple regexp matches one character:
+
+  /\w/.match('Hello')  # => #<MatchData "H">
+
+An added _quantifier_ specifies how many matches are required or allowed:
+
+- <tt>*</tt> - Matches zero or more times:
+
+    /\w*/.match('')
+    # => #<MatchData "">
+    /\w*/.match('x')
+    # => #<MatchData "x">
+    /\w*/.match('xyz')
+    # => #<MatchData "yz">
+
+- <tt>+</tt> - Matches one or more times:
+
+    /\w+/.match('')    # => nil
+    /\w+/.match('x')   # => #<MatchData "x">
+    /\w+/.match('xyz') # => #<MatchData "xyz">
+
+- <tt>?</tt> - Matches zero or one times:
+
+    /\w?/.match('')    # => #<MatchData "">
+    /\w?/.match('x')   # => #<MatchData "x">
+    /\w?/.match('xyz') # => #<MatchData "x">
+
+- <tt>{</tt>_n_<tt>}</tt> - Matches exactly _n_ times:
+
+    /\w{2}/.match('')    # => nil
+    /\w{2}/.match('x')   # => nil
+    /\w{2}/.match('xyz') # => #<MatchData "xy">
+
+- <tt>{</tt>_min_<tt>,}</tt> - Matches _min_ or more times:
+
+    /\w{2,}/.match('')    # => nil
+    /\w{2,}/.match('x')   # => nil
+    /\w{2,}/.match('xy')  # => #<MatchData "xy">
+    /\w{2,}/.match('xyz') # => #<MatchData "xyz">
+
+- <tt>{,</tt>_max_<tt>}</tt> - Matches _max_ or fewer times:
+
+    /\w{,2}/.match('')    # => #<MatchData "">
+    /\w{,2}/.match('x')   # => #<MatchData "x">
+    /\w{,2}/.match('xyz') # => #<MatchData "xy">
+
+- <tt>{</tt>_min_<tt>,</tt>_max_<tt>}</tt> -
+  Matches at least _min_ times and at most _max_ times:
+
+    /\w{1,2}/.match('')    # => nil
+    /\w{1,2}/.match('x')   # => #<MatchData "x">
+    /\w{1,2}/.match('xyz') # => #<MatchData "xy">
+
+==== Greedy, Lazy, or Possessive Matching
+
+Quantifier matching may be greedy, lazy, or possessive:
+
+- In _greedy_ matching, as many occurrences as possible are matched
+  while still allowing the overall match to succeed.
+  Greedy quantifiers: <tt>*</tt>, <tt>+</tt>, <tt>?</tt>,
+  <tt>{min, max}</tt> and its variants.
+- In _lazy_ matching, the minimum number of occurrences are matched.
+  Lazy quantifiers: <tt>*?</tt>, <tt>+?</tt>, <tt>??</tt>,
+  <tt>{min, max}?</tt> and its variants.
+- In _possessive_ matching, once a match is found, there is no backtracking;
+  that match is retained, even if it jeopardises the overall match.
+  Possessive quantifiers: <tt>*+</tt>, <tt>++</tt>, <tt>?+</tt>.
+  Note that <tt>{min, max}</tt> and its variants do _not_ support possessive matching.
+
+More:
+
+- About greedy and lazy matching, see
+  {Choosing Minimal or Maximal Repetition}[https://doc.lagout.org/programmation/Regular%20Expressions/Regular%20Expressions%20Cookbook_%20Detailed%20Solutions%20in%20Eight%20Programming%20Languages%20%282nd%20ed.%29%20%5BGoyvaerts%20%26%20Levithan%202012-09-06%5D.pdf#tutorial-backtrack].
+- About possessive matching, see
+  {Eliminate Needless Backtracking}[https://doc.lagout.org/programmation/Regular%20Expressions/Regular%20Expressions%20Cookbook_%20Detailed%20Solutions%20in%20Eight%20Programming%20Languages%20%282nd%20ed.%29%20%5BGoyvaerts%20%26%20Levithan%202012-09-06%5D.pdf#tutorial-backtrack].
+
+=== Groups and Captures
+
+A simple regexp has (at most) one match:
+
+  re = /\d\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d/
+  re.match('1943-02-04')      # => #<MatchData "1943-02-04">
+  re.match('1943-02-04').size # => 1
+  re.match('foo')             # => nil
+
+Adding one or more pairs of parentheses, <tt>(_subexpression_)</tt>,
+defines _groups_, which may result in multiple matched substrings,
+called _captures_:
+
+  re = /(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)/
+  re.match('1943-02-04')      # => #<MatchData "1943-02-04" 1:"1943" 2:"02" 3:"04">
+  re.match('1943-02-04').size # => 4
+
+The first capture is the entire matched string;
+the other captures are the matched substrings from the groups.
+
+A group may have a {quantifier}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Quantifiers]:
+
+  re = /July 4(th)?/
+  re.match('July 4')   # => #<MatchData "July 4" 1:nil>
+  re.match('July 4th') # => #<MatchData "July 4th" 1:"th">
+
+  re = /(foo)*/
+  re.match('')       # => #<MatchData "" 1:nil>
+  re.match('foo')    # => #<MatchData "foo" 1:"foo">
+  re.match('foofoo') # => #<MatchData "foofoo" 1:"foo">
+
+  re = /(foo)+/
+  re.match('')       # => nil
+  re.match('foo')    # => #<MatchData "foo" 1:"foo">
+  re.match('foofoo') # => #<MatchData "foofoo" 1:"foo">
+
+The returned \MatchData object gives access to the matched substrings:
+
+  re = /(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)/
+  md = re.match('1943-02-04')
+  # => #<MatchData "1943-02-04" 1:"1943" 2:"02" 3:"04">
+  md[0] # => "1943-02-04"
+  md[1] # => "1943"
+  md[2] # => "02"
+  md[3] # => "04"
+
+==== Non-Capturing Groups
+
+A group may be made non-capturing;
+it is still a group (and, for example, can have a quantifier),
+but its matching substring is not included among the captures.
+
+A non-capturing group begins with <tt>?:</tt> (inside the parentheses):
+
+  # Don't capture the year.
+  re = /(?:\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)/
+  md = re.match('1943-02-04') # => #<MatchData "1943-02-04" 1:"02" 2:"04">
+
+==== Backreferences
+
+A group match may also be referenced within the regexp itself;
+such a reference is called a +backreference+:
+
+  /[csh](..) [csh]\1 in/.match('The cat sat in the hat')
+  # => #<MatchData "cat sat in" 1:"at">
+
+This table shows how each subexpression in the regexp above
+matches a substring in the target string:
+
+  | Subexpression in Regexp   | Matching Substring in Target String |
+  |---------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+  |       First '[csh]'       |            Character 'c'            |
+  |          '(..)'           |        First substring 'at'         |
+  |      First space ' '      |      First space character ' '      |
+  |       Second '[csh]'      |            Character 's'            |
+  | '\1' (backreference 'at') |        Second substring 'at'        |
+  |           ' in'           |            Substring ' in'          |
+
+A regexp may contain any number of groups:
+
+- For a large number of groups:
+
+  - The ordinary <tt>\\_n_</tt> notation applies only for _n_ in range (1..9).
+  - The <tt>MatchData[_n_]</tt> notation applies for any non-negative _n_.
+
+- <tt>\0</tt> is a special backreference, referring to the entire matched string;
+  it may not be used within the regexp itself,
+  but may be used outside it (for example, in a substitution method call):
+
+    'The cat sat in the hat'.gsub(/[csh]at/, '\0s')
+    # => "The cats sats in the hats"
+
+==== Named Captures
+
+As seen above, a capture can be referred to by its number.
+A capture can also have a name,
+prefixed as <tt>?<_name_></tt> or <tt>?'_name_'</tt>,
+and the name (symbolized) may be used as an index in <tt>MatchData[]</tt>:
+
+  md = /\$(?<dollars>\d+)\.(?'cents'\d+)/.match("$3.67")
+  # => #<MatchData "$3.67" dollars:"3" cents:"67">
+  md[:dollars]  # => "3"
+  md[:cents]    # => "67"
+  # The capture numbers are still valid.
+  md[2]         # => "67"
+
+When a regexp contains a named capture, there are no unnamed captures:
+
+  /\$(?<dollars>\d+)\.(\d+)/.match("$3.67")
+  # => #<MatchData "$3.67" dollars:"3">
+
+A named group may be backreferenced as <tt>\k<_name_></tt>:
+
+  /(?<vowel>[aeiou]).\k<vowel>.\k<vowel>/.match('ototomy')
+  # => #<MatchData "ototo" vowel:"o">
+
+When (and only when) a regexp contains named capture groups
+and appears before the <tt>=~</tt> operator,
+the captured substrings are assigned to local variables with corresponding names:
+
+  /\$(?<dollars>\d+)\.(?<cents>\d+)/ =~ '$3.67'
+  dollars # => "3"
+  cents   # => "67"
+
+\Method Regexp#named_captures returns a hash of the capture names and substrings;
+method Regexp#names returns an array of the capture names.
+
+==== Atomic Grouping
+
+A group may be made _atomic_ with <tt>(?></tt>_subexpression_<tt>)</tt>.
+
+This causes the subexpression to be matched
+independently of the rest of the expression,
+so that the matched substring becomes fixed for the remainder of the match,
+unless the entire subexpression must be abandoned and subsequently revisited.
+
+In this way _subexpression_ is treated as a non-divisible whole.
+Atomic grouping is typically used to optimise patterns
+to prevent needless backtracking .
+
+Example (without atomic grouping):
+
+  /".*"/.match('"Quote"') # => #<MatchData "\"Quote\"">
+
+Analysis:
+
+1. The leading subexpression <tt>"</tt> in the pattern matches the first character
+   <tt>"</tt> in the target string.
+2. The next subexpression <tt>.*</tt> matches the next substring <tt>Quote“</tt>
+   (including the trailing double-quote).
+3. Now there is nothing left in the target string to match
+   the trailing subexpression <tt>"</tt> in the pattern;
+   this would cause the overall match to fail.
+4. The matched substring is backtracked by one position: <tt>Quote</tt>.
+5. The final subexpression <tt>"</tt> now matches the final substring <tt>"</tt>,
+   and the overall match succeeds.
+
+If subexpression <tt>.*</tt> is grouped atomically,
+the backtracking is disabled, and the overall match fails:
+
+  /"(?>.*)"/.match('"Quote"') # => nil
+
+Atomic grouping can affect performance;
+see {Atomic Group}[https://www.regular-expressions.info/atomic.html].
+
+==== Subexpression Calls
+
+As seen above, a backreference number (<tt>\\_n_</tt>) or name (<tt>\k<_name_></tt>)
+gives access to a captured _substring_;
+the corresponding regexp _subexpression_ may also be accessed,
+via the number (<tt>\\g<i>n</i></tt>) or name (<tt>\g<_name_></tt>):
+
+  /\A(?<paren>\(\g<paren>*\))*\z/.match('(())')
+  # ^1
+  #      ^2
+  #           ^3
+  #                 ^4
+  #      ^5
+  #           ^6
+  #                      ^7
+  #                       ^8
+  #                       ^9
+  #                           ^10
+
+The pattern:
+
+1.  Matches at the beginning of the string, i.e. before the first character.
+2.  Enters a named group +paren+.
+3.  Matches the first character in the string, <tt>'('</tt>.
+4.  Calls the +paren+ group again, i.e. recurses back to the  second step.
+5.  Re-enters the +paren+ group.
+6.  Matches the second character in the string, <tt>'('</tt>.
+7.  Attempts to call +paren+ a third time,
+    but fails because doing so would prevent an overall successful match.
+8.  Matches the third character in the string, <tt>')'</tt>;
+    marks the end of the second recursive call
+9.  Matches the fourth character in the string, <tt>')'</tt>.
+10. Matches the end of the string.
+
+See {Subexpression calls}[https://learnbyexample.github.io/Ruby_Regexp/groupings-and-backreferences.html?highlight=subexpression#subexpression-calls].
+
+==== Conditionals
+
+The conditional construct takes the form <tt>(?(_cond_)_yes_|_no_)</tt>, where:
+
+- _cond_ may be a capture number or name.
+- The match to be applied is _yes_ if _cond_ is captured;
+  otherwise the match to be applied is _no_.
+- If not needed, <tt>|_no_</tt> may be omitted.
+
+Examples:
+
+  re = /\A(foo)?(?(1)(T)|(F))\z/
+  re.match('fooT') # => #<MatchData "fooT" 1:"foo" 2:"T" 3:nil>
+  re.match('F')    # => #<MatchData "F" 1:nil 2:nil 3:"F">
+  re.match('fooF') # => nil
+  re.match('T')    # => nil
+
+  re = /\A(?<xyzzy>foo)?(?(<xyzzy>)(T)|(F))\z/
+  re.match('fooT') # => #<MatchData "fooT" xyzzy:"foo">
+  re.match('F')    # => #<MatchData "F" xyzzy:nil>
+  re.match('fooF') # => nil
+  re.match('T')    # => nil
+
+
+==== Absence Operator
+
+The absence operator is a special group that matches anything which does _not_ match the contained subexpressions.
+
+  /(?~real)/.match('surrealist') # => #<MatchData "surrea">
+  /(?~real)ist/.match('surrealist') # => #<MatchData "ealist">
+  /sur(?~real)ist/.match('surrealist') # => nil
+
+=== Unicode
+
+==== Unicode Properties
+
+The <tt>/\p{_property_name_}/</tt> construct (with lowercase +p+)
+matches characters using a Unicode property name,
+much like a character class;
+property +Alpha+ specifies alphabetic characters:
+
+  /\p{Alpha}/.match('a') # => #<MatchData "a">
+  /\p{Alpha}/.match('1') # => nil
+
+A property can be inverted
+by prefixing the name with a caret character (<tt>^</tt>):
+
+  /\p{^Alpha}/.match('1') # => #<MatchData "1">
+  /\p{^Alpha}/.match('a') # => nil
+
+Or by using <tt>\P</tt> (uppercase +P+):
+
+  /\P{Alpha}/.match('1') # => #<MatchData "1">
+  /\P{Alpha}/.match('a') # => nil
+
+See {Unicode Properties}[rdoc-ref:regexp/unicode_properties.rdoc]
+for regexps based on the numerous properties.
+
+Some commonly-used properties correspond to POSIX bracket expressions:
+
+- <tt>/\p{Alnum}/</tt>: Alphabetic and numeric character
+- <tt>/\p{Alpha}/</tt>: Alphabetic character
+- <tt>/\p{Blank}/</tt>: Space or tab
+- <tt>/\p{Cntrl}/</tt>: Control character
+- <tt>/\p{Digit}/</tt>: Digit
+  characters, and similar)
+- <tt>/\p{Lower}/</tt>: Lowercase alphabetical character
+- <tt>/\p{Print}/</tt>: Like <tt>\p{Graph}</tt>, but includes the space character
+- <tt>/\p{Punct}/</tt>: Punctuation character
+- <tt>/\p{Space}/</tt>: Whitespace character (<tt>[:blank:]</tt>, newline,
+  carriage return, etc.)
+- <tt>/\p{Upper}/</tt>: Uppercase alphabetical
+- <tt>/\p{XDigit}/</tt>: Digit allowed in a hexadecimal number (i.e., 0-9a-fA-F)
+
+These are also commonly used:
+
+- <tt>/\p{Emoji}/</tt>: Unicode emoji.
+- <tt>/\p{Graph}/</tt>: Non-blank character
+  (excludes spaces, control characters, and similar).
+- <tt>/\p{Word}/</tt>: A member in one of these Unicode character
+  categories (see below) or having one of these Unicode properties:
+
+  - Unicode categories:
+    - +Mark+ (+M+).
+    - <tt>Decimal Number</tt> (+Nd+)
+    - <tt>Connector Punctuation</tt> (+Pc+).
+
+  - Unicode properties:
+    - +Alpha+
+    - <tt>Join_Control</tt>
+
+- <tt>/\p{ASCII}/</tt>: A character in the ASCII character set.
+- <tt>/\p{Any}/</tt>: Any Unicode character (including unassigned characters).
+- <tt>/\p{Assigned}/</tt>: An assigned character.
+
+==== Unicode Character Categories
+
+A Unicode character category name:
+
+- May be either its full name or its abbreviated name.
+- Is case-insensitive.
+- Treats a space, a hyphen, and an underscore as equivalent.
+
+Examples:
+
+  /\p{lu}/                # => /\p{lu}/
+  /\p{LU}/                # => /\p{LU}/
+  /\p{Uppercase Letter}/  # => /\p{Uppercase Letter}/
+  /\p{Uppercase_Letter}/  # => /\p{Uppercase_Letter}/
+  /\p{UPPERCASE-LETTER}/  # => /\p{UPPERCASE-LETTER}/
+
+Below are the Unicode character category abbreviations and names.
+Enumerations of characters in each category are at the links.
+
+Letters:
+
+- +L+, +Letter+: +LC+, +Lm+, or +Lo+.
+- +LC+, +Cased_Letter+: +Ll+, +Lt+, or +Lu+.
+- {Lu, Lowercase_Letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Ll].
+- {Lu, Modifier_Letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Lm].
+- {Lu, Other_Letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Lo].
+- {Lu, Titlecase_Letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Lt].
+- {Lu, Uppercase_Letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Lu].
+
+Marks:
+
+- +M+, +Mark+: +Mc+, +Me+, or +Mn+.
+- {Mc, Spacing_Mark}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Mc].
+- {Me, Enclosing_Mark}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Me].
+- {Mn, Nonapacing_Mark}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Mn].
+
+Numbers:
+
+- +N+, +Number+: +Nd+, +Nl+, or +No+.
+- {Nd, Decimal_Number}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Nd].
+- {Nl, Letter_Number}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Nl].
+- {No, Other_Number}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/No].
+
+Punctation:
+
+- +P+, +Punctuation+: +Pc+, +Pd+, +Pe+, +Pf+, +Pi+, +Po+, or +Ps+.
+- {Pc, Connector_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Pc].
+- {Pd, Dash_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Pd].
+- {Pe, Close_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Pe].
+- {Pf, Final_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Pf].
+- {Pi, Initial_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Pi].
+- {Po, Other_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Po].
+- {Ps, Open_Punctuation}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Ps].
+
+- +S+, +Symbol+: +Sc+, +Sk+, +Sm+, or +So+.
+- {Sc, Currency_Symbol}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Sc].
+- {Sk, Modifier_Symbol}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Sk].
+- {Sm, Math_Symbol}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Sm].
+- {So, Other_Symbol}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/So].
+
+- +Z+, +Separator+: +Zl+, +Zp+, or +Zs+.
+- {Zl, Line_Separator}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Zl].
+- {Zp, Paragraph_Separator}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Zp].
+- {Zs, Space_Separator}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Zs].
+
+- +C+, +Other+: +Cc+, +Cf+, +Cn+, +Co+, or +Cs+.
+- {Cc, Control}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Cc].
+- {Cf, Format}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Cf].
+- {Cn, Unassigned}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Cn].
+- {Co, Private_Use}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Co].
+- {Cs, Surrogate}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Cs].
+
+==== Unicode Scripts and Blocks
+
+Among the Unicode properties are:
+
+- {Unicode scripts}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Script_(Unicode)];
+  see {supported scripts}[https://www.unicode.org/standard/supported.html].
+- {Unicode blocks}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_block];
+  see {supported blocks}[http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/Blocks.txt].
+
+=== POSIX Bracket Expressions
+
+A POSIX <i>bracket expression</i> is also similar to a character class.
+These expressions provide a portable alternative to the above,
+with the added benefit of encompassing non-ASCII characters:
+
+- <tt>/\d/</tt> matches only ASCII decimal digits +0+ through +9+.
+- <tt>/[[:digit:]]/</tt> matches any character in the Unicode
+  <tt>Decimal Number</tt> (+Nd+) category;
+  see below.
+
+The POSIX bracket expressions:
+
+- <tt>/[[:digit:]]/</tt>: Matches a {Unicode digit}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Nd]:
+
+    /[[:digit:]]/.match('9')       # => #<MatchData "9">
+    /[[:digit:]]/.match("\u1fbf9") # => #<MatchData "9">
+
+- <tt>/[[:xdigit:]]/</tt>: Matches a digit allowed in a hexadecimal number;
+  equivalent to <tt>[0-9a-fA-F]</tt>.
+
+- <tt>/[[:upper:]]/</tt>: Matches a {Unicode uppercase letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Lu]:
+
+    /[[:upper:]]/.match('A')      # => #<MatchData "A">
+    /[[:upper:]]/.match("\u00c6") # => #<MatchData "Æ">
+
+- <tt>/[[:lower:]]/</tt>: Matches a {Unicode lowercase letter}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Ll]:
+
+    /[[:lower:]]/.match('a')      # => #<MatchData "a">
+    /[[:lower:]]/.match("\u01fd") # => #<MatchData "ǽ">
+
+- <tt>/[[:alpha:]]/</tt>: Matches <tt>/[[:upper:]]/</tt> or <tt>/[[:lower:]]/</tt>.
+
+- <tt>/[[:alnum:]]/</tt>: Matches <tt>/[[:alpha:]]/</tt> or <tt>/[[:digit:]]/</tt>.
+
+- <tt>/[[:space:]]/</tt>: Matches {Unicode space character}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Zs]:
+
+    /[[:space:]]/.match(' ')      # => #<MatchData " ">
+    /[[:space:]]/.match("\u2005") # => #<MatchData " ">
+
+- <tt>/[[:blank:]]/</tt>: Matches <tt>/[[:space:]]/</tt> or tab character:
+
+    /[[:blank:]]/.match(' ')      # => #<MatchData " ">
+    /[[:blank:]]/.match("\u2005") # => #<MatchData " ">
+    /[[:blank:]]/.match("\t")     # => #<MatchData "\t">
+
+- <tt>/[[:cntrl:]]/</tt>: Matches {Unicode control character}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Cc]:
+
+    /[[:cntrl:]]/.match("\u0000") # => #<MatchData "\u0000">
+    /[[:cntrl:]]/.match("\u009f") # => #<MatchData "\u009F">
+
+- <tt>/[[:graph:]]/</tt>: Matches any character
+  except <tt>/[[:space:]]/</tt> or <tt>/[[:cntrl:]]/</tt>.
+
+- <tt>/[[:print:]]/</tt>: Matches <tt>/[[:graph:]]/</tt> or space character.
+
+- <tt>/[[:punct:]]/</tt>: Matches any (Unicode punctuation character}[https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/category/Po]:
+
+Ruby also supports these (non-POSIX) bracket expressions:
+
+- <tt>/[[:ascii:]]/</tt>: Matches a character in the ASCII character set.
+- <tt>/[[:word:]]/</tt>: Matches a character in one of these Unicode character
+  categories or having one of these Unicode properties:
+
+  - Unicode categories:
+    - +Mark+ (+M+).
+    - <tt>Decimal Number</tt> (+Nd+)
+    - <tt>Connector Punctuation</tt> (+Pc+).
+
+  - Unicode properties:
+    - +Alpha+
+    - <tt>Join_Control</tt>
+
+=== Comments
+
+A comment may be included in a regexp pattern
+using the <tt>(?#</tt>_comment_<tt>)</tt> construct,
+where _comment_ is a substring that is to be ignored.
+arbitrary text ignored by the regexp engine:
+
+  /foo(?#Ignore me)bar/.match('foobar') # => #<MatchData "foobar">
+
+The comment may not include an unescaped terminator character.
+
+See also {Extended Mode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Extended+Mode].
+
+== Modes
+
+Each of these modifiers sets a mode for the regexp:
+
+- +i+: <tt>/_pattern_/i</tt> sets
+  {Case-Insensitive Mode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Case-Insensitive+Mode].
+- +m+: <tt>/_pattern_/m</tt> sets
+  {Multiline Mode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Multiline+Mode].
+- +x+: <tt>/_pattern_/x</tt> sets
+  {Extended Mode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Extended+Mode].
+- +o+: <tt>/_pattern_/o</tt> sets
+  {Interpolation Mode}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Interpolation+Mode].
+
+Any, all, or none of these may be applied.
+
+Modifiers +i+, +m+, and +x+ may be applied to subexpressions:
+
+- <tt>(?_modifier_)</tt> turns the mode "on" for ensuing subexpressions
+- <tt>(?-_modifier_)</tt> turns the mode "off" for ensuing subexpressions
+- <tt>(?_modifier_:_subexp_)</tt> turns the mode "on" for _subexp_ within the group
+- <tt>(?-_modifier_:_subexp_)</tt> turns the mode "off" for _subexp_ within the group
+
+Example:
+
+  re = /(?i)te(?-i)st/
+  re.match('test') # => #<MatchData "test">
+  re.match('TEst') # => #<MatchData "TEst">
+  re.match('TEST') # => nil
+  re.match('teST') # => nil
+  
+  re = /t(?i:e)st/
+  re.match('test') # => #<MatchData "test">
+  re.match('tEst') # => #<MatchData "tEst">
+  re.match('tEST') # => nil
+
+\Method Regexp#options returns an integer whose value showing
+the settings for case-insensitivity mode, multiline mode, and extended mode.
+
+=== Case-Insensitive Mode
+
+By default, a regexp is case-sensitive:
+
+  /foo/.match('FOO')  # => nil
+
+Modifier +i+ enables case-insensitive mode:
+
+  /foo/i.match('FOO')
+  # => #<MatchData "FOO">
+
+\Method Regexp#casefold? returns whether the mode is case-insensitive.
+
+=== Multiline Mode
+
+The multiline-mode in Ruby is what is commonly called a "dot-all mode":
+
+- Without the +m+ modifier, the subexpression <tt>.</tt> does not match newlines:
+
+    /a.c/.match("a\nc")  # => nil
+
+- With the modifier, it does match:
+
+    /a.c/m.match("a\nc") # => #<MatchData "a\nc">
+
+Unlike other languages, the modifier +m+ does not affect the anchors <tt>^</tt> and <tt>$</tt>.
+These anchors always match at line-boundaries in Ruby.
+
+=== Extended Mode
+
+Modifier +x+ enables extended mode, which means that:
+
+- Literal white space in the pattern is to be ignored.
+- Character <tt>#</tt> marks the remainder of its containing line as a comment,
+  which is also to be ignored for matching purposes.
+
+In extended mode, whitespace and comments may be used
+to form a self-documented regexp.
+
+Regexp not in extended mode (matches some Roman numerals):
+
+  pattern = '^M{0,3}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})$'
+  re = /#{pattern}/
+  re.match('MCMXLIII') # => #<MatchData "MCMXLIII" 1:"CM" 2:"XL" 3:"III">
+
+Regexp in extended mode:
+
+  pattern = <<-EOT
+    ^                   # beginning of string
+    M{0,3}              # thousands - 0 to 3 Ms
+    (CM|CD|D?C{0,3})    # hundreds - 900 (CM), 400 (CD), 0-300 (0 to 3 Cs),
+                        #            or 500-800 (D, followed by 0 to 3 Cs)
+    (XC|XL|L?X{0,3})    # tens - 90 (XC), 40 (XL), 0-30 (0 to 3 Xs),
+                        #        or 50-80 (L, followed by 0 to 3 Xs)
+    (IX|IV|V?I{0,3})    # ones - 9 (IX), 4 (IV), 0-3 (0 to 3 Is),
+                        #        or 5-8 (V, followed by 0 to 3 Is)
+    $                   # end of string
+  EOT
+  re = /#{pattern}/x
+  re.match('MCMXLIII') # => #<MatchData "MCMXLIII" 1:"CM" 2:"XL" 3:"III">
+
+=== Interpolation Mode
+
+Modifier +o+ means that the first time a literal regexp with interpolations
+is encountered,
+the generated Regexp object is saved and used for all future evaluations
+of that literal regexp.
+Without modifier +o+, the generated Regexp is not saved,
+so each evaluation of the literal regexp generates a new Regexp object.
+
+Without modifier +o+:
+
+  def letters; sleep 5; /[A-Z][a-z]/; end
+  words = %w[abc def xyz]
+  start = Time.now
+  words.each {|word| word.match(/\A[#{letters}]+\z/) }
+  Time.now - start # => 15.0174892
+
+With modifier +o+:
+
+  start = Time.now
+  words.each {|word| word.match(/\A[#{letters}]+\z/o) }
+  Time.now - start # => 5.0010866
+
+Note that if the literal regexp does not have interpolations,
+the +o+ behavior is the default.
+
+== Encodings
+
+By default, a regexp with only US-ASCII characters has US-ASCII encoding:
+
+  re = /foo/
+  re.source.encoding # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+  re.encoding        # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+
+A regular expression containing non-US-ASCII characters
+is assumed to use the source encoding.
+This can be overridden with one of the following modifiers.
+
+- <tt>/_pat_/n</tt>: US-ASCII if only containing US-ASCII characters,
+  otherwise ASCII-8BIT:
+
+    /foo/n.encoding     # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+    /foo\xff/n.encoding # => #<Encoding:ASCII-8BIT>
+    /foo\x7f/n.encoding # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+
+- <tt>/_pat_/u</tt>: UTF-8
+
+    /foo/u.encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+
+- <tt>/_pat_/e</tt>: EUC-JP
+
+    /foo/e.encoding # => #<Encoding:EUC-JP>
+
+- <tt>/_pat_/s</tt>: Windows-31J
+
+    /foo/s.encoding # => #<Encoding:Windows-31J>
+
+A regexp can be matched against a target string when either:
+
+- They have the same encoding.
+- The regexp's encoding is a fixed encoding and the string
+  contains only ASCII characters.
+  Method Regexp#fixed_encoding? returns whether the regexp
+  has a <i>fixed</i> encoding.
+
+If a match between incompatible encodings is attempted an
+<tt>Encoding::CompatibilityError</tt> exception is raised.
+
+Example:
+
+  re = eval("# encoding: ISO-8859-1\n/foo\\xff?/")
+  re.encoding                 # => #<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>
+  re =~ "foo".encode("UTF-8") # => 0
+  re =~ "foo\u0100"           # Raises Encoding::CompatibilityError
+
+The encoding may be explicitly fixed by including Regexp::FIXEDENCODING
+in the second argument for Regexp.new:
+
+  # Regexp with encoding ISO-8859-1.
+  re = Regexp.new("a".force_encoding('iso-8859-1'), Regexp::FIXEDENCODING)
+  re.encoding  # => #<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>
+  # Target string with encoding UTF-8.
+  s = "a\u3042"
+  s.encoding   # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+  re.match(s)  # Raises Encoding::CompatibilityError.
+
+== Timeouts
+
+When either a regexp source or a target string comes from untrusted input,
+malicious values could become a denial-of-service attack;
+to prevent such an attack, it is wise to set a timeout.
+
+\Regexp has two timeout values:
+
+- A class default timeout, used for a regexp whose instance timeout is +nil+;
+  this default is initially +nil+, and may be set by method Regexp.timeout=:
+
+    Regexp.timeout # => nil
+    Regexp.timeout = 3.0
+    Regexp.timeout # => 3.0
+
+- An instance timeout, which defaults to +nil+ and may be set in Regexp.new:
+
+    re = Regexp.new('foo', timeout: 5.0)
+    re.timeout # => 5.0
+
+When regexp.timeout is +nil+, the timeout "falls through" to Regexp.timeout;
+when regexp.timeout is non-+nil+, that value controls timing out:
+
+  | regexp.timeout Value | Regexp.timeout Value |            Result           |
+  |----------------------|----------------------|-----------------------------|
+  |         nil          |          nil         |       Never times out.      |
+  |         nil          |         Float        | Times out in Float seconds. |
+  |        Float         |          Any         | Times out in Float seconds. |
+
+== Optimization
+
+For certain values of the pattern and target string,
+matching time can grow polynomially or exponentially in relation to the input size;
+the potential vulnerability arising from this is the {regular expression denial-of-service}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReDoS] (ReDoS) attack.
+
+\Regexp matching can apply an optimization to prevent ReDoS attacks.
+When the optimization is applied, matching time increases linearly (not polynomially or exponentially)
+in relation to the input size, and a ReDoS attach is not possible.
+
+This optimization is applied if the pattern meets these criteria:
+
+- No backreferences.
+- No subexpression calls.
+- No nested lookaround anchors or atomic groups.
+- No nested quantifiers with counting (i.e. no nested <tt>{n}</tt>,
+  <tt>{min,}</tt>, <tt>{,max}</tt>, or <tt>{min,max}</tt> style quantifiers)
+
+You can use method Regexp.linear_time? to determine whether a pattern meets these criteria:
+
+  Regexp.linear_time?(/a*/)     # => true
+  Regexp.linear_time?('a*')     # => true
+  Regexp.linear_time?(/(a*)\1/) # => false
+
+However, an untrusted source may not be safe even if the method returns +true+,
+because the optimization uses memoization (which may invoke large memory consumption).
+
+== References
+
+Read (online PDF books):
+
+- {Mastering Regular Expressions}[https://ia902508.us.archive.org/10/items/allitebooks-02/Mastering%20Regular%20Expressions%2C%203rd%20Edition.pdf]
+  by Jeffrey E.F. Friedl.
+- {Regular Expressions Cookbook}[https://doc.lagout.org/programmation/Regular%20Expressions/Regular%20Expressions%20Cookbook_%20Detailed%20Solutions%20in%20Eight%20Programming%20Languages%20%282nd%20ed.%29%20%5BGoyvaerts%20%26%20Levithan%202012-09-06%5D.pdf]
+  by Jan Goyvaerts & Steven Levithan.
+
+Explore, test (interactive online editor):
+
+- {Rubular}[https://rubular.com/].
diff --git a/doc/_timezones.rdoc b/doc/_timezones.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c5230ea67d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/_timezones.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+== Timezone Specifiers
+
+Certain +Time+ methods accept arguments that specify timezones:
+
+- Time.at: keyword argument +in:+.
+- Time.new: positional argument +zone+ or keyword argument +in:+.
+- Time.now: keyword argument +in:+.
+- Time#getlocal: positional argument +zone+.
+- Time#localtime: positional argument +zone+.
+
+The value given with any of these must be one of the following
+(each detailed below):
+
+- {Hours/minutes offset}[rdoc-ref:Time@Hours-2FMinutes+Offsets].
+- {Single-letter offset}[rdoc-ref:Time@Single-Letter+Offsets].
+- {Integer offset}[rdoc-ref:Time@Integer+Offsets].
+- {Timezone object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Timezone+Objects].
+- {Timezone name}[rdoc-ref:Time@Timezone+Names].
+
+=== Hours/Minutes Offsets
+
+The zone value may be a string offset from UTC
+in the form <tt>'+HH:MM'</tt> or <tt>'-HH:MM'</tt>,
+where:
+
+- +HH+ is the 2-digit hour in the range <tt>0..23</tt>.
+- +MM+ is the 2-digit minute in the range <tt>0..59</tt>.
+
+Examples:
+
+  t = Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 20, 15, 1) # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
+  Time.at(t, in: '-23:59')            # => 1999-12-31 20:16:01 -2359
+  Time.at(t, in: '+23:59')            # => 2000-01-02 20:14:01 +2359
+
+=== Single-Letter Offsets
+
+The zone value may be a  letter in the range <tt>'A'..'I'</tt>
+or <tt>'K'..'Z'</tt>;
+see {List of military time zones}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_time_zones]:
+
+  t = Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 20, 15, 1) # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
+  Time.at(t, in: 'A')                 # => 2000-01-01 21:15:01 +0100
+  Time.at(t, in: 'I')                 # => 2000-01-02 05:15:01 +0900
+  Time.at(t, in: 'K')                 # => 2000-01-02 06:15:01 +1000
+  Time.at(t, in: 'Y')                 # => 2000-01-01 08:15:01 -1200
+  Time.at(t, in: 'Z')                 # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
+
+=== \Integer Offsets
+
+The zone value may be an integer number of seconds
+in the range <tt>-86399..86399</tt>:
+
+  t = Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 20, 15, 1) # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
+  Time.at(t, in: -86399)              # => 1999-12-31 20:15:02 -235959
+  Time.at(t, in: 86399)               # => 2000-01-02 20:15:00 +235959
+
+=== Timezone Objects
+
+The zone value may be an object responding to certain timezone methods, an
+instance of {Timezone}[https://github.com/panthomakos/timezone] and
+{TZInfo}[https://tzinfo.github.io] for example.
+
+The timezone methods are:
+
+- +local_to_utc+:
+
+  - Called when Time.new is invoked with +tz+
+    as the value of positional argument +zone+ or keyword argument +in:+.
+  - Argument: a {Time-like object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Time-Like+Objects].
+  - Returns: a {Time-like object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Time-Like+Objects] in the UTC timezone.
+
+- +utc_to_local+:
+
+  - Called when Time.at or Time.now is invoked with +tz+
+    as the value for keyword argument +in:+,
+    and when Time#getlocal or Time#localtime is called with +tz+
+    as the value for positional argument +zone+.
+  - Argument: a {Time-like object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Time-Like+Objects].
+  - Returns: a {Time-like object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Time-Like+Objects] in the local timezone.
+
+A custom timezone class may have these instance methods,
+which will be called if defined:
+
+- +abbr+:
+
+  - Called when Time#strftime is invoked with a format involving <tt>%Z</tt>.
+  - Argument: a {Time-like object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Time-Like+Objects].
+  - Returns: a string abbreviation for the timezone name.
+
+- +dst?+:
+
+  - Called when Time.at or Time.now is invoked with +tz+
+    as the value for keyword argument +in:+,
+    and when Time#getlocal or Time#localtime is called with +tz+
+    as the value for positional argument +zone+.
+  - Argument: a {Time-like object}[rdoc-ref:Time@Time-Like+Objects].
+  - Returns: whether the time is daylight saving time.
+
+- +name+:
+
+  - Called when <tt>Marshal.dump(t)</tt> is invoked
+  - Argument: none.
+  - Returns: the string name of the timezone.
+
+==== +Time+-Like Objects
+
+A +Time+-like object is a container object capable of interfacing with
+timezone libraries for timezone conversion.
+
+The argument to the timezone conversion methods above will have attributes
+similar to Time, except that timezone related attributes are meaningless.
+
+The objects returned by +local_to_utc+ and +utc_to_local+ methods of the
+timezone object may be of the same class as their arguments, of arbitrary
+object classes, or of class Integer.
+
+For a returned class other than +Integer+, the class must have the
+following methods:
+
+- +year+
+- +mon+
+- +mday+
+- +hour+
+- +min+
+- +sec+
+- +isdst+
+- +to_i+
+
+For a returned +Integer+, its components, decomposed in UTC, are
+interpreted as times in the specified timezone.
+
+=== Timezone Names
+
+If the class (the receiver of class methods, or the class of the receiver
+of instance methods) has +find_timezone+ singleton method, this method is
+called to achieve the corresponding timezone object from a timezone name.
+
+For example, using {Timezone}[https://github.com/panthomakos/timezone]:
+    class TimeWithTimezone < Time
+      require 'timezone'
+      def self.find_timezone(z) = Timezone[z]
+    end
+
+    TimeWithTimezone.now(in: "America/New_York")        #=> 2023-12-25 00:00:00 -0500
+    TimeWithTimezone.new("2023-12-25 America/New_York") #=> 2023-12-25 00:00:00 -0500
+
+Or, using {TZInfo}[https://tzinfo.github.io]:
+    class TimeWithTZInfo < Time
+      require 'tzinfo'
+      def self.find_timezone(z) = TZInfo::Timezone.get(z)
+    end
+
+    TimeWithTZInfo.now(in: "America/New_York")          #=> 2023-12-25 00:00:00 -0500
+    TimeWithTZInfo.new("2023-12-25 America/New_York")   #=> 2023-12-25 00:00:00 -0500
+
+You can define this method per subclasses, or on the toplevel Time class.
diff --git a/doc/bsearch.rdoc b/doc/bsearch.rdoc
index ca8091fc0d..90705853d7 100644
--- a/doc/bsearch.rdoc
+++ b/doc/bsearch.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Binary Searching
+= Binary Searching
 
 A few Ruby methods support binary searching in a collection:
 
diff --git a/doc/case_mapping.rdoc b/doc/case_mapping.rdoc
index 3c42154973..57c037b9d8 100644
--- a/doc/case_mapping.rdoc
+++ b/doc/case_mapping.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Case Mapping
+= Case Mapping
 
 Some string-oriented methods use case mapping.
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ In Symbol:
 - Symbol#swapcase
 - Symbol#upcase
 
-=== Default Case Mapping
+== Default Case Mapping
 
 By default, all of these methods use full Unicode case mapping,
 which is suitable for most languages.
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Case changes may not be reversible:
 Case changing methods may not maintain Unicode normalization.
 See String#unicode_normalize).
 
-=== Options for Case Mapping
+== Options for Case Mapping
 
 Except for +casecmp+ and +casecmp?+,
 each of the case-mapping methods listed above
diff --git a/doc/character_selectors.rdoc b/doc/character_selectors.rdoc
index e01b0e6a25..47cf242be7 100644
--- a/doc/character_selectors.rdoc
+++ b/doc/character_selectors.rdoc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-== Character Selectors
+= Character Selectors
 
-=== Character Selector
+== Character Selector
 
 A _character_ _selector_ is a string argument accepted by certain Ruby methods.
 Each of these instance methods accepts one or more character selectors:
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ In a character selector, these three characters get special treatment:
     "hello\r\nworld".delete("\\r")  # => "hello\r\nwold"
     "hello\r\nworld".delete("\\\r") # => "hello\nworld"
 
-=== Multiple Character Selectors
+== Multiple Character Selectors
 
 These instance methods accept multiple character selectors:
 
diff --git a/doc/command_injection.rdoc b/doc/command_injection.rdoc
index 8f1303bcf7..246b2e6afe 100644
--- a/doc/command_injection.rdoc
+++ b/doc/command_injection.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Command Injection
+= Command Injection
 
 Some Ruby core methods accept string data
 that includes text to be executed as a system command.
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ They should not be called with unknown or unsanitized commands.
 These methods include:
 
 - Kernel.system
-- {`command` (backtick method)}[rdoc-ref:Kernel#`]
+- Kernel.open
+- {\`command` (backtick method)}[rdoc-ref:Kernel#`]
   (also called by the expression <tt>%x[command]</tt>).
 - IO.popen(command).
 - IO.read(command).
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ These methods include:
 - IO.binwrite(command).
 - IO.readlines(command).
 - IO.foreach(command).
+- URI.open(command).
 
 Note that some of these methods do not execute commands when called
 from subclass \File:
diff --git a/doc/contributing/building_ruby.md b/doc/contributing/building_ruby.md
index 52d6042ec3..b2a7b007eb 100644
--- a/doc/contributing/building_ruby.md
+++ b/doc/contributing/building_ruby.md
@@ -1,52 +1,114 @@
 # Building Ruby
 
-## Quick start guide
+## Dependencies
 
 1. Install the prerequisite dependencies for building the CRuby interpreter:
 
     * C compiler
+
+    For RubyGems, you will also need:
+
+    * OpenSSL 1.1.x or 3.0.x / LibreSSL
+    * libyaml 0.1.7 or later
+    * zlib
+
+    If you want to build from the git repository, you will also need:
+
     * autoconf - 2.67 or later
-    * bison - 2.0 or later
-    * gperf - 3.0.3 or later
-    * ruby - 2.7 or later
+    * gperf - 3.1 or later
+        * Usually unneeded; only if you edit some source files using gperf
+    * ruby - 2.5 or later
+        * We can upgrade this version to system ruby version of the latest Ubuntu LTS.
 
 2. Install optional, recommended dependencies:
 
-    * OpenSSL/LibreSSL
-    * readline/editline (libedit)
-    * zlib
-    * libffi
-    * libyaml
+    * libffi (to build fiddle)
+    * gmp (if you with to accelerate Bignum operations)
     * libexecinfo (FreeBSD)
+    * rustc - 1.58.0 or later, if you wish to build
+      [YJIT](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/RubyVM/YJIT.html).
 
-3. Checkout the CRuby source code:
+    If you installed the libraries needed for extensions (openssl, readline, libyaml, zlib) into other than the OS default place,
+    typically using Homebrew on macOS, add `--with-EXTLIB-dir` options to `CONFIGURE_ARGS` environment variable.
 
+    ``` shell
+    export CONFIGURE_ARGS=""
+    for ext in openssl readline libyaml zlib; do
+      CONFIGURE_ARGS="${CONFIGURE_ARGS} --with-$ext-dir=$(brew --prefix $ext)"
+    done
     ```
-    git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
+
+## Quick start guide
+
+1. Download ruby source code:
+
+    Select one of the bellow.
+
+    1. Build from the tarball:
+
+        Download the latest tarball from [ruby-lang.org](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/) and
+        extract it. Example for Ruby 3.0.2:
+
+        ``` shell
+        tar -xzf ruby-3.0.2.tar.gz
+        cd ruby-3.0.2
+        ```
+
+    2. Build from the git repository:
+
+        Checkout the CRuby source code:
+
+        ``` shell
+        git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
+        cd ruby
+        ```
+
+        Generate the configure file:
+
+        ``` shell
+        ./autogen.sh
+        ```
+
+2. Create a `build` directory separate from the source directory:
+
+    ``` shell
+    mkdir build && cd build
     ```
 
-4. Generate the configuration files and build. It's generally advisable to use a build directory:
+    While it's not necessary to build in a separate directory, it's good practice to do so.
 
+3. We'll install Ruby in `~/.rubies/ruby-master`, so create the directory:
+
+    ``` shell
+    mkdir ~/.rubies
     ```
-    ./autogen.sh
-    mkdir build && cd build # it's good practice to build outside of source dir
-    mkdir ~/.rubies # we will install to .rubies/ruby-master in our home dir
+
+4. Run configure:
+
+    ``` shell
     ../configure --prefix="${HOME}/.rubies/ruby-master"
-    make install
     ```
 
-5. Optional: If you are frequently building Ruby, disabling documentation will reduce the time it takes to `make`:
+    - If you are frequently building Ruby, add the `--disable-install-doc` flag to not build documentation which will speed up the build process.
+
+    - Also `-C` (or `--config-cache`) would reduce time to configure from the next time.
+
+5. Build Ruby:
 
     ``` shell
-    ../configure --disable-install-doc
+    make install
     ```
 
-6. [Run tests](testing_ruby.md) to confirm your build succeeded
+6. [Run tests](testing_ruby.md) to confirm your build succeeded.
 
 ### Unexplainable Build Errors
 
 If you are having unexplainable build errors, after saving all your work, try running `git clean -xfd` in the source root to remove all git ignored local files. If you are working from a source directory that's been updated several times, you may have temporary build artifacts from previous releases which can cause build failures.
 
+## Building on Windows
+
+The documentation for building on Windows can be found [here](../windows.md).
+
 ## More details
 
 If you're interested in continuing development on Ruby, here are more details
@@ -57,7 +119,7 @@ about Ruby's build to help out.
 In GNU make and BSD make implementations, to run a specific make script in parallel, pass the flag `-j<number of processes>`. For instance,
 to run tests on 8 processes, use:
 
-```
+``` shell
 make test-all -j8
 ```
 
@@ -85,7 +147,7 @@ Miniruby is a version of Ruby which has no external dependencies and lacks certa
 It can be useful in Ruby development because it allows for faster build times. Miniruby is
 built before Ruby. A functional Miniruby is required to build Ruby. To build Miniruby:
 
-```
+``` shell
 make miniruby
 ```
 
@@ -101,6 +163,14 @@ with the Ruby script you'd like to run. You can use the following make targets:
 * `make lldb-ruby`: Runs `test.rb` using Ruby in lldb
 * `make gdb-ruby`: Runs `test.rb` using Ruby in gdb
 
+### Compiling for Debugging
+
+You should configure Ruby without optimization and other flags that may interfere with debugging:
+
+``` shell
+./configure --enable-debug-env optflags="-O0 -fno-omit-frame-pointer"
+```
+
 ### Building with Address Sanitizer
 
 Using the address sanitizer is a great way to detect memory issues.
@@ -119,7 +189,7 @@ On Linux it is important to specify `-O0` when debugging. This is especially tru
 
 You need to be able to use gcc (gcov) and lcov visualizer.
 
-```
+``` shell
 ./autogen.sh
 ./configure --enable-gcov
 make
diff --git a/doc/contributing/documentation_guide.md b/doc/contributing/documentation_guide.md
index df67747710..027be34775 100644
--- a/doc/contributing/documentation_guide.md
+++ b/doc/contributing/documentation_guide.md
@@ -20,14 +20,16 @@ build directory:
 make html
 ```
 
+If you don't have a build directory, follow the [quick start
+guide](building_ruby.md#label-Quick+start+guide) up to step 4.
+
 Then you can preview your changes by opening
 `{build folder}/.ext/html/index.html` file in your browser.
 
-
 ## Goal
 
 The goal of Ruby documentation is to impart the most important
-and relevant in the shortest time.
+and relevant information in the shortest time.
 The reader should be able to quickly understand the usefulness
 of the subject code and how to use it.
 
@@ -41,16 +43,17 @@ Use your judgment about what the user needs to know.
 - Write short declarative or imperative sentences.
 - Group sentences into (ideally short) paragraphs,
   each covering a single topic.
-- Organize material with [headers](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Headers).
+- Organize material with
+  [headings](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Headings).
 - Refer to authoritative and relevant sources using
-  [links](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Links).
+  [links](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Links).
 - Use simple verb tenses: simple present, simple past, simple future.
 - Use simple sentence structure, not compound or complex structure.
 - Avoid:
     - Excessive comma-separated phrases;
-      consider a [list](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Simple+Lists).
+      consider a [list](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Lists).
     - Idioms and culture-specific references.
-    - Overuse of headers.
+    - Overuse of headings.
     - Using US-ASCII-incompatible characters in C source files;
       see [Characters](#label-Characters) below.
 
@@ -124,19 +127,47 @@ a.shuffle!    #=> [2, 3, 1]
 a             #=> [2, 3, 1]
 ```
 
-### Headers
+### Headings
+
+Organize a long discussion for a class or module with [headings](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Headings).
 
-Organize a long discussion with [headers](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Headers).
+Do not use formal headings in the documentation for a method or constant.
+
+In the rare case where heading-like structures are needed
+within the documentation for a method or constant, use
+[bold text](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Bold)
+as pseudo-headings.
 
 ### Blank Lines
 
 A blank line begins a new paragraph.
 
-A [code block](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Paragraphs+and+Verbatim)
-or [list](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Simple+Lists)
+A [code block](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Code+Blocks)
+or [list](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Lists)
 should be preceded by and followed by a blank line.
 This is unnecessary for the HTML output, but helps in the `ri` output.
 
+### \Method Names
+
+For a method name in text:
+
+- For a method in the current class or module,
+  use a double-colon for a singleton method,
+  or a hash mark for an instance method:
+  <tt>::bar</tt>, <tt>#baz</tt>.
+- Otherwise, include the class or module name
+  and use a dot for a singleton method,
+  or a hash mark for an instance method:
+  <tt>Foo.bar</tt>, <tt>Foo#baz</tt>.
+
+### Embedded Code and Commands
+
+Code or commands embedded in running text (i.e., not in a code block)
+should marked up as
+[monofont](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Monofont).
+
+Code that is a simple string should include the quote marks.
+
 ### Auto-Linking
 
 In general, \RDoc's auto-linking should not be suppressed.
@@ -150,6 +181,88 @@ We might consider whether to suppress when:
   (e.g., _Array_ in the documentation for class `Array`).
 - The same reference is repeated many times
   (e.g., _RDoc_ on this page).
+- The reference is to a class or module that users
+  usually don't deal with, including these:
+
+    - \Class.
+    - \Method.
+    - \Module.
+
+Most often, the name of a class, module, or method
+will be autolinked:
+
+- Array.
+- Enumerable.
+- File.new
+- File#read.
+
+If not, or if you suppress autolinking, consider forcing
+[monofont](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Monofont).
+
+### Explicit Links
+
+When writing an explicit link, follow these guidelines.
+
+#### +rdoc-ref+ Scheme
+
+Use the +rdoc-ref+ scheme for:
+
+- A link in core documentation to other core documentation.
+- A link in core documentation to documentation in a standard library package.
+- A link in a standard library package to other documentation in that same
+  standard library package.
+
+See section "+rdoc-ref+ Scheme" in {Links}[rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Links].
+
+#### URL-Based Link
+
+Use a full URL-based link for:
+
+- A link in standard library documentation to documentation in the core.
+- A link in standard library documentation to documentation in a different
+  standard library package.
+
+Doing so ensures that the link will valid even when the package documentation
+is built independently (separately from the core documentation).
+
+The link should lead to a target in https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/.
+
+Also use a full URL-based link for a link to an off-site document.
+
+### Variable Names
+
+The name of a variable (as specified in its call-seq) should be marked up as
+[monofont](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Monofont).
+
+Also, use monofont text for the name of a transient variable
+(i.e., one defined and used only in the discussion, such as +n+).
+
+### HTML Tags
+
+In general, avoid using HTML tags (even in formats where it's allowed)
+because `ri` (the Ruby Interactive reference tool)
+may not render them properly.
+
+### Tables
+
+In particular, avoid building tables with HTML tags
+(<tt><table></tt>, etc.).
+
+Alternatives:
+
+- A {verbatim text block}[rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Verbatim+Text+Blocks],
+  using spaces and punctuation to format the text;
+  note that {text markup}[rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Text+Markup]
+  will not be honored:
+
+    - Example {source}[https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/34d802f32f00df1ac0220b62f72605827c16bad8/file.c#L6570-L6596].
+    - Corresponding {output}[rdoc-ref:File@Read-2FWrite+Mode].
+
+- (Markdown format only): A {Github Flavored Markdown (GFM) table}[https://github.github.com/gfm/#tables-extension-],
+  using special formatting for the text:
+
+    - Example {source}[https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/34d802f32f00df1ac0220b62f72605827c16bad8/doc/contributing/glossary.md?plain=1].
+    - Corresponding {output}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/contributing/glossary_md.html].
 
 ## Documenting Classes and Modules
 
@@ -179,9 +292,12 @@ Guidelines:
 
 - The section title is `What's Here`.
 - Consider listing the parent class and any included modules; consider
-  [links](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Links)
+  [links](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Links)
   to their "What's Here" sections if those exist.
-- List methods as a bullet list:
+- All methods mentioned in the left-pane table of contents
+  should be listed (including any methods extended from another class).
+- Attributes (which are not included in the TOC) may also be listed.
+- Display methods as items in one or more bullet lists:
 
     - Begin each item with the method name, followed by a colon
       and a short description.
@@ -189,9 +305,9 @@ Guidelines:
       (and do not list the aliases separately).
     - Check the rendered documentation to determine whether \RDoc has recognized
       the method and linked to it;  if not, manually insert a
-      [link](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Links).
+      [link](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Links).
 
-- If there are numerous entries, consider grouping them into subsections with headers.
+- If there are numerous entries, consider grouping them into subsections with headings.
 - If there are more than a few such subsections,
   consider adding a table of contents just below the main section title.
 
@@ -206,7 +322,6 @@ The general structure of the method documentation should be:
 - Details and examples.
 - Argument description (if necessary).
 - Corner cases and exceptions.
-- Aliases.
 - Related methods (optional).
 
 ### Calling Sequence (for methods written in C)
@@ -215,7 +330,7 @@ For methods written in Ruby, \RDoc documents the calling sequence automatically.
 
 For methods written in C, \RDoc cannot determine what arguments
 the method accepts, so those need to be documented using \RDoc directive
-[`call-seq:`](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Method+arguments).
+[`call-seq:`](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Directives+for+Method+Documentation).
 
 For a singleton method, use the form:
 
@@ -293,7 +408,11 @@ Return types:
 
 Aliases:
 
-- Omit aliases from the `call-seq`, but mention them near the end (see below).
+- Omit aliases from the `call-seq`, unless the alias is an
+  operator method. If listing both a regular method and an
+  operator method in the `call-seq`, explain in the details and
+  examples section when it is recommended to use the regular method
+  and when it is recommended to use the operator method.
 
 ### Synopsis
 
@@ -350,7 +469,7 @@ argument passed if it is not obvious, not explicitly mentioned in the
 details, and not implicitly shown in the examples.
 
 If there is more than one argument or block argument, use a
-[labeled list](rdoc-ref:RDoc::Markup@Labeled+Lists).
+[labeled list](rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Labeled+Lists).
 
 ### Corner Cases and Exceptions
 
@@ -363,14 +482,6 @@ you do not need to document that a `TypeError` is raised if a non-integer
 is passed.  Do not provide examples of exceptions being raised unless
 that is a common case, such as `Hash#fetch` raising a `KeyError`.
 
-### Aliases
-
-Mention aliases in the form
-
-```
-// Array#find_index is an alias for Array#index.
-```
-
 ### Related Methods (optional)
 
 In some cases, it is useful to document which methods are related to
diff --git a/doc/contributing/glossary.md b/doc/contributing/glossary.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86c6671fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/contributing/glossary.md
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Ruby Internals Glossary
+
+Just a list of acronyms I've run across in the Ruby source code and their meanings.
+
+| Term | Definition |
+| ---  | -----------|
+| `BIN` | Basic Instruction Name. Used as a macro to reference the YARV instruction. Converts pop into YARVINSN_pop. |
+| `bop` | Basic Operator. Relates to methods like `Integer` plus and minus which can be optimized as long as they haven't been redefined. |
+| `cc` | Call Cache.  An inline cache structure for the call site. Stored in the `cd` |
+| `cd` | Call Data. A data structure that points at the `ci` and the `cc`.  `iseq` objects points at the `cd`, and access call information and call caches via this structure |
+| `cfp`| Control Frame Pointer. Represents a Ruby stack frame.  Calling a method pushes a new frame (cfp), returning pops a frame. Points at  the `pc`, `sp`, `ep`, and the corresponding `iseq`|
+| `ci` | Call Information.  Refers to an `rb_callinfo` struct. Contains call information about the call site, including number of parameters to be passed, whether it they are keyword arguments or not, etc. Used in conjunction with the `cc` and `cd`. |
+| `cref` | Class reference. A structure pointing to the class reference where `klass_or_self`, visibility scope, and refinements are stored. It also stores a pointer to the next class in the hierarchy referenced by `rb_cref_struct * next`. The Class reference is lexically scoped. |
+| CRuby | Implementation of Ruby written in C |
+| `cvar` | Class Variable. Refers to a Ruby class variable like `@@foo` |
+| `dvar` | Dynamic Variable. Used by the parser to refer to local variables that are defined outside of the current lexical scope. For example `def foo; bar = 1; -> { p bar }; end` the "bar" inside the block is a `dvar` |
+| `ec` | Execution Context. The top level VM context, points at the current `cfp` |
+| `ep` | Environment Pointer. Local variables, including method parameters are stored in the `ep` array. The `ep` is pointed to by the `cfp` |
+| GC | Garbage Collector |
+| `gvar` | Global Variable. Refers to a Ruby global variable like `$$`, etc |
+| `ICLASS` | Internal Class. When a module is included, the target class gets a new superclass which is an instance of an `ICLASS`. The `ICLASS` represents the module in the inheritance chain. |
+| `ifunc` | Internal FUNCtion. A block implemented in C. |
+| `iseq` | Instruction Sequence.  Usually "iseq" in the C code will refer to an `rb_iseq_t` object that holds a reference to the actual instruction sequences which are executed by the VM. The object also holds information about the code, like the method name associated with the code. |
+| `insn` | Instruction. Refers to a YARV instruction. |
+| `insns` | Instructions. Usually an array of YARV instructions. |
+| `ivar` | Instance Variable. Refers to a Ruby instance variable like `@foo` |
+| `imemo` | Internal Memo.  A tagged struct whose memory is managed by Ruby's GC, but contains internal information and isn't meant to be exposed to Ruby programs. Contains various information depending on the type.  See the `imemo_type` enum for different types. |
+| JIT | Just In Time compiler |
+| `lep` | Local Environment Pointer. An `ep` which is tagged `VM_ENV_FLAG_LOCAL`. Usually this is the `ep` of a method (rather than a block, whose `ep` isn't "local") |
+| `local` | Local. Refers to a local variable. |
+| `me` | Method Entry. Refers to an `rb_method_entry_t` struct, the internal representation of a Ruby method.
+| MRI | Matz's Ruby Implementation |
+| `pc` | Program Counter. Usually the instruction that will be executed _next_ by the VM. Pointed to by the `cfp` and incremented by the VM |
+| `sp` | Stack Pointer. The top of the stack. The VM executes instructions in the `iseq` and instructions will push and pop values on the stack. The VM updates the `sp` on the `cfp` to point at the top of the stack|
+| `svar` | Special Variable. Refers to special local variables like `$~` and `$_`. See the `getspecial` instruction in `insns.def` |
+| `VALUE` | VALUE is a pointer to a ruby object from the Ruby C code. |
+| VM   | Virtual Machine. In MRI's case YARV (Yet Another Ruby VM)
+| WB | Write Barrier.  To do with GC write barriers |
+| WC | Wild Card. As seen in instructions like `getlocal_WC_0`.  It means this instruction takes a "wild card" for the parameter (in this case an index for a local) |
+| YARV | Yet Another Ruby VM.  The virtual machine that CRuby uses |
+| ZOMBIE | A zombie object. An object that has a finalizer which hasn't been executed yet. The object has been collected, so is "dead", but the finalizer hasn't run yet so it's still somewhat alive. |
diff --git a/doc/contributing/making_changes_to_stdlibs.md b/doc/contributing/making_changes_to_stdlibs.md
index ef3811ea12..3b33092fea 100644
--- a/doc/contributing/making_changes_to_stdlibs.md
+++ b/doc/contributing/making_changes_to_stdlibs.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ For example, CSV lives in [a separate repository](https://github.com/ruby/csv) a
 
 ## Maintainers
 
-You can find the list of maintainers [here](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/maintainers_rdoc.html#label-Maintainers).
+You can find the list of maintainers [here](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/maintainers_md.html#label-Maintainers).
 
 ## Build
 
diff --git a/doc/contributing/testing_ruby.md b/doc/contributing/testing_ruby.md
index 6247686efc..dfb7fb3a65 100644
--- a/doc/contributing/testing_ruby.md
+++ b/doc/contributing/testing_ruby.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ We can run any of the make scripts [in parallel](building_ruby.md#label-Running+
     first the file name, and then the test name, prefixed with `--name`. For example:
 
     ```
-    make test-all TESTS="../test/ruby/test_alias.rb --name=/test_alias_with_zsuper_method/"
+    make test-all TESTS="../test/ruby/test_alias.rb --name=TestAlias#test_alias_with_zsuper_method"
     ```
 
     To run these specs with logs, we can use:
@@ -79,7 +79,13 @@ We can run any of the make scripts [in parallel](building_ruby.md#label-Running+
     make test-all TESTS=-v
     ```
 
-    If we would like to run both the `test/` and `bootstraptest/` test suites, we can run
+    We can display the help of the `TESTS` option:
+
+    ```
+    make test-all TESTS=--help
+    ```
+
+    If we would like to run the `test/`, `bootstraptest/` and `spec/` test suites (the `spec/` is explained in a later section), we can run
 
     ```
     make check
@@ -93,28 +99,28 @@ We can run any of the make scripts [in parallel](building_ruby.md#label-Running+
     make test-spec
     ```
 
-    To run a specific directory, we can use `MSPECOPT` to specify the directory:
+    To run a specific directory, we can use `SPECOPTS` to specify the directory:
 
     ```
-    make test-spec MSPECOPT=spec/ruby/core/array
+    make test-spec SPECOPTS=spec/ruby/core/array
     ```
 
-    To run a specific file, we can also use `MSPECOPT` to specify the file:
+    To run a specific file, we can also use `SPECOPTS` to specify the file:
 
     ```
-    make test-spec MSPECOPT=spec/ruby/core/array/any_spec.rb
+    make test-spec SPECOPTS=spec/ruby/core/array/any_spec.rb
     ```
 
     To run a specific test, we can use the `--example` flag to match against the test name:
 
     ```
-    make test-spec MSPECOPT="../spec/ruby/core/array/any_spec.rb --example='is false if the array is empty'"
+    make test-spec SPECOPTS="../spec/ruby/core/array/any_spec.rb --example='is false if the array is empty'"
     ```
 
     To run these specs with logs, we can use:
 
     ```
-    make test-spec MSPECOPT=-Vfs
+    make test-spec SPECOPTS=-Vfs
     ```
 
     To run a ruby-spec file or directory with GNU make, we can use
@@ -134,5 +140,17 @@ We can run any of the make scripts [in parallel](building_ruby.md#label-Running+
     To run a specific bundler spec file, we can use `BUNDLER_SPECS` as follows:
 
     ```
-    $ make test-bundler BUNDLER_SPECS=commands/exec_spec.rb
+    make test-bundler BUNDLER_SPECS=commands/exec_spec.rb
     ```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Running test suites on s390x CPU Architecture
+
+If we see failing tests related to the zlib library on s390x CPU architecture, we can run the test suites with `DFLTCC=0` to pass:
+
+```
+DFLTCC=0 make check
+```
+
+The failures can happen with the zlib library applying the patch [madler/zlib#410](https://github.com/madler/zlib/pull/410) to enable the deflate algorithm producing a different compressed byte stream. We manage this issue at [[ruby-core:114942][Bug #19909]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19909).
diff --git a/doc/csv/options/common/col_sep.rdoc b/doc/csv/options/common/col_sep.rdoc
index 05769b5773..3f23c6d2d3 100644
--- a/doc/csv/options/common/col_sep.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/options/common/col_sep.rdoc
@@ -55,9 +55,3 @@ Raises an exception if parsing with the empty \String:
   # Raises ArgumentError (:col_sep must be 1 or more characters: "")
   CSV.parse("foo0\nbar1\nbaz2\n", col_sep: col_sep)
 
-Raises an exception if the given value is not String-convertible:
-  col_sep = BasicObject.new
-  # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `to_s' for #<BasicObject:>)
-  CSV.generate(line, col_sep: col_sep)
-  # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `to_s' for #<BasicObject:>)
-  CSV.parse(str, col_sep: col_sep)
diff --git a/doc/csv/options/common/row_sep.rdoc b/doc/csv/options/common/row_sep.rdoc
index 872d9d1f3f..eae15b4a84 100644
--- a/doc/csv/options/common/row_sep.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/options/common/row_sep.rdoc
@@ -89,12 +89,3 @@ if any of the following is true:
 * The stream is only available for output.
 
 Obviously, discovery takes a little time. Set manually if speed is important. Also note that IO objects should be opened in binary mode on Windows if this feature will be used as the line-ending translation can cause problems with resetting the document position to where it was before the read ahead.
-
----
-
-Raises an exception if the given value is not String-convertible:
-  row_sep = BasicObject.new
-  # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `to_s' for #<BasicObject:>)
-  CSV.generate(ary, row_sep: row_sep)
-  # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `to_s' for #<BasicObject:>)
-  CSV.parse(str, row_sep: row_sep)
diff --git a/doc/csv/options/generating/write_converters.rdoc b/doc/csv/options/generating/write_converters.rdoc
index 6e5fae5fda..d1a9cc748f 100644
--- a/doc/csv/options/generating/write_converters.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/options/generating/write_converters.rdoc
@@ -23,11 +23,3 @@ With two write converters (called in order):
   str # => "a,b,c\n"
 
 See also {Write Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Write+Converters]
-
----
-
-Raises an exception if the converter returns a value that is neither +nil+
-nor \String-convertible:
-  bad_converter = proc {|field| BasicObject.new }
-  # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `is_a?' for #<BasicObject:>)
-  CSV.generate_line(['a', 'b', 'c'], write_converters: bad_converter)
-\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/doc/csv/options/generating/write_headers.rdoc b/doc/csv/options/generating/write_headers.rdoc
index f9faa9d438..c56aa48adb 100644
--- a/doc/csv/options/generating/write_headers.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/options/generating/write_headers.rdoc
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Without +write_headers+:
 
 With +write_headers+":
   CSV.open(file_path,'w',
-      :write_headers=> true,
+      :write_headers => true,
       :headers => ['Name','Value']
     ) do |csv|
       csv << ['foo', '0']
diff --git a/doc/csv/options/parsing/liberal_parsing.rdoc b/doc/csv/options/parsing/liberal_parsing.rdoc
index b8b9b00c98..603de28613 100644
--- a/doc/csv/options/parsing/liberal_parsing.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/options/parsing/liberal_parsing.rdoc
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 ====== Option +liberal_parsing+
 
-Specifies the boolean value that determines whether
+Specifies the boolean or hash value that determines whether
 CSV will attempt to parse input not conformant with RFC 4180,
 such as double quotes in unquoted fields.
 
 Default value:
   CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:liberal_parsing) # => false
 
-For examples in this section:
+For the next two examples:
   str = 'is,this "three, or four",fields'
 
 Without +liberal_parsing+:
@@ -17,3 +17,22 @@ Without +liberal_parsing+:
 With +liberal_parsing+:
   ary = CSV.parse_line(str, liberal_parsing: true)
   ary # => ["is", "this \"three", " or four\"", "fields"]
+
+Use the +backslash_quote+ sub-option to parse values that use
+a backslash to escape a double-quote character.  This
+causes the parser to treat <code>\"</code> as if it were
+<code>""</code>.
+
+For the next two examples:
+  str = 'Show,"Harry \"Handcuff\" Houdini, the one and only","Tampa Theater"'
+
+With +liberal_parsing+, but without the +backslash_quote+ sub-option:
+  # Incorrect interpretation of backslash; incorrectly interprets the quoted comma as a field separator.
+  ary = CSV.parse_line(str, liberal_parsing: true)
+  ary # => ["Show", "\"Harry \\\"Handcuff\\\" Houdini", " the one and only\"", "Tampa Theater"]
+  puts ary[1] # => "Harry \"Handcuff\" Houdini
+
+With +liberal_parsing+ and its +backslash_quote+ sub-option:
+  ary = CSV.parse_line(str, liberal_parsing: { backslash_quote: true })
+  ary # => ["Show", "Harry \"Handcuff\" Houdini, the one and only", "Tampa Theater"]
+  puts ary[1] # => Harry "Handcuff" Houdini, the one and only
diff --git a/doc/csv/recipes/filtering.rdoc b/doc/csv/recipes/filtering.rdoc
index 470649d09a..1552bf0fb8 100644
--- a/doc/csv/recipes/filtering.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/recipes/filtering.rdoc
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 == Recipes for Filtering \CSV
 
+These recipes are specific code examples for specific \CSV filtering tasks.
+
 For other recipes, see {Recipes for CSV}[./recipes_rdoc.html].
 
 All code snippets on this page assume that the following has been executed:
diff --git a/doc/csv/recipes/generating.rdoc b/doc/csv/recipes/generating.rdoc
index 3ef6df99b4..a6bd88a714 100644
--- a/doc/csv/recipes/generating.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/recipes/generating.rdoc
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 == Recipes for Generating \CSV
 
+These recipes are specific code examples for specific \CSV generating tasks.
+
 For other recipes, see {Recipes for CSV}[./recipes_rdoc.html].
 
 All code snippets on this page assume that the following has been executed:
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ This example defines and uses a custom write converter to strip whitespace from
 
 ==== Recipe: Specify Multiple Write Converters
 
-Use option <tt>:write_converters</tt> and multiple custom coverters
+Use option <tt>:write_converters</tt> and multiple custom converters
 to convert field values when generating \CSV.
 
 This example defines and uses two custom write converters to strip and upcase generated fields:
diff --git a/doc/csv/recipes/parsing.rdoc b/doc/csv/recipes/parsing.rdoc
index 7ac96a934b..f3528fbdf1 100644
--- a/doc/csv/recipes/parsing.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/recipes/parsing.rdoc
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 == Recipes for Parsing \CSV
 
+These recipes are specific code examples for specific \CSV parsing tasks.
+
 For other recipes, see {Recipes for CSV}[./recipes_rdoc.html].
 
 All code snippets on this page assume that the following has been executed:
@@ -518,7 +520,7 @@ Apply multiple header converters by defining and registering a custom header con
 To capture unconverted field values, use option +:unconverted_fields+:
   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
   parsed = CSV.parse(source, converters: :integer, unconverted_fields: true)
-  parsed # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
+  parsed # => [["Name", "Value"], ["foo", 0], ["bar", 1], ["baz", 2]]
   parsed.each {|row| p row.unconverted_fields }
 Output:
   ["Name", "Value"]
diff --git a/doc/csv/recipes/recipes.rdoc b/doc/csv/recipes/recipes.rdoc
index 9e4eaa1da4..9bf7885b1e 100644
--- a/doc/csv/recipes/recipes.rdoc
+++ b/doc/csv/recipes/recipes.rdoc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 == Recipes for \CSV
 
-See:
+The recipes are specific code examples for specific tasks. See:
 - {Recipes for Parsing CSV}[./parsing_rdoc.html]
 - {Recipes for Generating CSV}[./generating_rdoc.html]
 - {Recipes for Filtering CSV}[./filtering_rdoc.html]
diff --git a/doc/distribution.md b/doc/distribution.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc89a7500a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/distribution.md
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Distribution
+
+This document outlines the expected way to distribute Ruby, with a specific focus on building Ruby packages.
+
+## Getting the Ruby Tarball
+
+### Official Releases
+
+The tarball for official releases is created by the release manager. The release manager uploads the tarball to the [Ruby website](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/).
+
+Downstream distributors should use the official release tarballs as part of their build process. This ensures that the tarball is created in a consistent way, and that the tarball is crytographically verified.
+
+### Using the nightly tarball for testing
+
+See the Snapshots section of the [Ruby website](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/).
+
+### Building a manual snapshot tarball for testing
+
+This can be useful if the nightly tarball does not have all changes yet.
+
+At Ruby source tree cloned using git:
+```sh-session
+$ ./autogen.sh
+$ ./configure -C
+$ make
+$ make dist
+```
+
+This will create several tarball in the `tmp` directory. The tarball will be named e.g. `ruby-<version>.tar.gz` (several different compression formats will be generated).
+
+## Building the Tarball
+
+See [Building Ruby](contributing/building_ruby.md).
+
+## Updating the Ruby Standard Library
+
+The Ruby standard library is a collection of Ruby files that are included with Ruby. These files are used to provide the basic functionality of Ruby. The standard library is located in the `lib` directory and is distributed as part of the Ruby tarball.
+
+Occasionally, the standard library needs to be updated, for example a security issue might be found in a default gem or standard gem. There are two main ways that Ruby would update this code.
+
+### Releasing an Updated Ruby Gem
+
+Normally, the Ruby gem maintainer will release an updated gem. This gem can be installed alongside the default gem. This allows the user to update the gem without having to update Ruby.
+
+### Releasing a New Ruby Version
+
+If the update is critical, then the Ruby maintainers may decide to release a new version of Ruby. This new version will include the updated standard library.
diff --git a/doc/encodings.rdoc b/doc/encodings.rdoc
index c61ab11e9a..97c0d22616 100644
--- a/doc/encodings.rdoc
+++ b/doc/encodings.rdoc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-== Encodings
+= Encodings
 
-=== The Basics
+== The Basics
 
 A {character encoding}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encoding],
 often shortened to _encoding_, is a mapping between:
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ Other characters, such as the Euro symbol, are multi-byte:
   s = "\u20ac" # => "€"
   s.bytes      # => [226, 130, 172]
 
-=== The \Encoding \Class
+== The \Encoding \Class
 
-==== \Encoding Objects
+=== \Encoding Objects
 
 Ruby encodings are defined by constants in class \Encoding.
 There can be only one instance of \Encoding for each of these constants.
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ There can be only one instance of \Encoding for each of these constants.
   Encoding.list.take(3)
   # => [#<Encoding:ASCII-8BIT>, #<Encoding:UTF-8>, #<Encoding:US-ASCII>]
 
-==== Names and Aliases
+=== Names and Aliases
 
 \Method Encoding#name returns the name of an \Encoding:
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ because it includes both the names and their aliases.
   Encoding.find("US-ASCII")       # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
   Encoding.find("US-ASCII").class # => Encoding
 
-==== Default Encodings
+=== Default Encodings
 
 \Method Encoding.find, above, also returns a default \Encoding
 for each of these special names:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ for each of these special names:
   Encoding.default_internal = 'US-ASCII' # => "US-ASCII"
   Encoding.default_internal              # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
 
-==== Compatible Encodings
+=== Compatible Encodings
 
 \Method Encoding.compatible? returns whether two given objects are encoding-compatible
 (that is, whether they can be concatenated);
@@ -132,20 +132,21 @@ returns the \Encoding of the concatenated string, or +nil+ if incompatible:
   s1 = "\xa1\xa1".force_encoding('euc-jp')     # => "\x{A1A1}"
   Encoding.compatible?(s0, s1)                 # => nil
 
-=== \String \Encoding
+== \String \Encoding
 
 A Ruby String object has an encoding that is an instance of class \Encoding.
 The encoding may be retrieved by method String#encoding.
 
-The default encoding for a string literal is the script encoding
-(see Encoding@Script+encoding):
+The default encoding for a string literal is the script encoding;
+see {Script Encoding}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Script+Encoding].
 
   's'.encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
 
 The default encoding for a string created with method String.new is:
 
 - For a \String object argument, the encoding of that string.
-- For a string literal, the script encoding (see Encoding@Script+encoding).
+- For a string literal, the script encoding;
+  see {Script Encoding}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Script+Encoding].
 
 In either case, any encoding may be specified:
 
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ Here are a couple of useful query methods:
   s = "\xc2".force_encoding("UTF-8")     # => "\xC2"
   s.valid_encoding?                      # => false
 
-=== \Symbol and \Regexp Encodings
+== \Symbol and \Regexp Encodings
 
 The string stored in a Symbol or Regexp object also has an encoding;
 the encoding may be retrieved by method Symbol#encoding or Regexp#encoding.
@@ -190,22 +191,23 @@ the encoding may be retrieved by method Symbol#encoding or Regexp#encoding.
 The default encoding for these, however, is:
 
 - US-ASCII, if all characters are US-ASCII.
-- The script encoding, otherwise (see Encoding@Script+encoding).
+- The script encoding, otherwise;
+  see (Script Encoding)[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Script+Encoding].
 
-=== Filesystem \Encoding
+== Filesystem \Encoding
 
 The filesystem encoding is the default \Encoding for a string from the filesystem:
 
     Encoding.find("filesystem") # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
 
-=== Locale \Encoding
+== Locale \Encoding
 
 The locale encoding is the default encoding for a string from the environment,
 other than from the filesystem:
 
   Encoding.find('locale') # => #<Encoding:IBM437>
 
-=== Stream Encodings
+== Stream Encodings
 
 Certain stream objects can have two encodings; these objects include instances of:
 
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ The two encodings are:
 - An _internal_ _encoding_, which (if not +nil+) specifies the encoding
   to be used for the string constructed from the stream.
 
-==== External \Encoding
+=== External \Encoding
 
 The external encoding, which is an \Encoding object, specifies how bytes read
 from the stream are to be interpreted as characters.
@@ -248,7 +250,7 @@ For an \IO, \File, \ARGF, or \StringIO object, the external encoding may be set
 
 - \Methods +set_encoding+ or (except for \ARGF) +set_encoding_by_bom+.
 
-==== Internal \Encoding
+=== Internal \Encoding
 
 The internal encoding, which is an \Encoding object or +nil+,
 specifies how characters read from the stream
@@ -274,7 +276,7 @@ For an \IO, \File, \ARGF, or \StringIO object, the internal encoding may be set
 
 - \Method +set_encoding+.
 
-=== Script \Encoding
+== Script \Encoding
 
 A Ruby script has a script encoding, which may be retrieved by:
 
@@ -289,7 +291,7 @@ followed by a colon, space and the Encoding name or alias:
   # encoding: ISO-8859-1
   __ENCODING__ #=> #<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>
 
-=== Transcoding
+== Transcoding
 
 _Transcoding_ is the process of changing a sequence of characters
 from one encoding to another.
@@ -300,7 +302,7 @@ but the bytes that represent them may change.
 The handling for characters that cannot be represented in the destination encoding
 may be specified by @Encoding+Options.
 
-==== Transcoding a \String
+=== Transcoding a \String
 
 Each of these methods transcodes a string:
 
@@ -315,7 +317,7 @@ Each of these methods transcodes a string:
 - String#unicode_normalize!: Like String#unicode_normalize,
   but transcodes +self+ in place.
 
-=== Transcoding a Stream
+== Transcoding a Stream
 
 Each of these methods may transcode a stream;
 whether it does so depends on the external and internal encodings:
@@ -350,7 +352,7 @@ Output:
   "R\xE9sum\xE9"
   "Résumé"
 
-=== \Encoding Options
+== \Encoding Options
 
 A number of methods in the Ruby core accept keyword arguments as encoding options.
 
@@ -467,12 +469,13 @@ These keyword-value pairs specify encoding options:
     with a carriage-return character (<tt>"\r"</tt>).
   - <tt>:crlf_newline: true</tt>: Replace each line-feed character (<tt>"\n"</tt>)
     with a carriage-return/line-feed string (<tt>"\r\n"</tt>).
-  - <tt>:universal_newline: true</tt>: Replace each carriage-return/line-feed string
+  - <tt>:universal_newline: true</tt>: Replace each carriage-return
+    character (<tt>"\r"</tt>) and each carriage-return/line-feed string
     (<tt>"\r\n"</tt>) with a line-feed character (<tt>"\n"</tt>).
 
   Examples:
 
-    s = "\n \r\n"                              # => "\n \r\n"
-    s.encode('ASCII', cr_newline: true)        # => "\r \r\r"
-    s.encode('ASCII', crlf_newline: true)      # => "\r\n \r\r\n"
-    s.encode('ASCII', universal_newline: true) # => "\n \n"
+    s = "\n \r \r\n"                           # => "\n \r \r\n"
+    s.encode('ASCII', cr_newline: true)        # => "\r \r \r\r"
+    s.encode('ASCII', crlf_newline: true)      # => "\r\n \r \r\r\n"
+    s.encode('ASCII', universal_newline: true) # => "\n \n \n"
diff --git a/doc/examples/files.rdoc b/doc/examples/files.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f736132770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/examples/files.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# English text with newlines.
+text = <<~EOT
+  First line
+  Second line
+
+  Fourth line
+  Fifth line
+EOT
+
+# Russian text.
+russian = "\u{442 435 441 442}" # => "тест"
+
+# Binary data.
+data = "\u9990\u9991\u9992\u9993\u9994"
+
+# Text file.
+File.write('t.txt', text)
+
+# File with Russian text.
+File.write('t.rus', russian)
+
+# File with binary data.
+f = File.new('t.dat', 'wb:UTF-16')
+f.write(data)
+f.close
+
diff --git a/doc/extension.ja.rdoc b/doc/extension.ja.rdoc
index 93f5753cd1..bde907c916 100644
--- a/doc/extension.ja.rdoc
+++ b/doc/extension.ja.rdoc
@@ -888,12 +888,12 @@ dbm.cではTypedData_Make_Structを以下のように使っています．
 
   obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, struct dbmdata, &dbm_type, dbmp);
 
-ここではdbmdata構造体へのポインタをDataにカプセル化してい
-ます．DBM*を直接カプセル化しないのはclose()した時の処理を考
-えてのことです．
+ここではdbmdata構造体へのポインタをRubyオブジェクトにカプセ
+ル化しています．DBM*を直接カプセル化しないのはclose()した時
+の処理を考えてのことです．
 
-Dataオブジェクトからdbmstruct構造体のポインタを取り出すため
-に以下のマクロを使っています．
+Rubyオブジェクトからdbmdata構造体のポインタを取り出すために
+以下のマクロを使っています．
 
   #define GetDBM(obj, dbmp) do {\
       TypedData_Get_Struct((obj), struct dbmdata, &dbm_type, (dbmp));\
diff --git a/doc/extension.rdoc b/doc/extension.rdoc
index ad9ae641d2..f0e12f27f2 100644
--- a/doc/extension.rdoc
+++ b/doc/extension.rdoc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # extension.rdoc -  -*- RDoc -*- created at: Mon Aug  7 16:45:54 JST 1995
 
-= Creating Extension Libraries for Ruby
+= Creating extension libraries for Ruby
 
 This document explains how to make extension libraries for Ruby.
 
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ In C, variables have types and data do not have types.  In contrast,
 Ruby variables do not have a static type, and data themselves have
 types, so data will need to be converted between the languages.
 
-Data in Ruby are represented by the C type `VALUE'.  Each VALUE data
-has its data type.
+Objects in Ruby are represented by the C type `VALUE'.  Each VALUE
+data has its data type.
 
 To retrieve C data from a VALUE, you need to:
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ To retrieve C data from a VALUE, you need to:
 
 Converting to the wrong data type may cause serious problems.
 
-=== Data Types
+=== Ruby data types
 
 The Ruby interpreter has the following data types:
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ T_ZOMBIE    :: object awaiting finalization
 
 Most of the types are represented by C structures.
 
-=== Check Data Type of the VALUE
+=== Check type of the VALUE data
 
 The macro TYPE() defined in ruby.h shows the data type of the VALUE.
 TYPE() returns the constant number T_XXXX described above.  To handle
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ There are also faster check macros for fixnums and nil.
   FIXNUM_P(obj)
   NIL_P(obj)
 
-=== Convert VALUE into C Data
+=== Convert VALUE into C data
 
 The data for type T_NIL, T_FALSE, T_TRUE are nil, false, true
 respectively.  They are singletons for the data type.
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ Notice: Do not change the value of the structure directly, unless you
 are responsible for the result.  This ends up being the cause of
 interesting bugs.
 
-=== Convert C Data into VALUE
+=== Convert C data into VALUE
 
 To convert C data to Ruby values:
 
@@ -169,14 +169,14 @@ INT2NUM() :: for arbitrary sized integers.
 INT2NUM() converts an integer into a Bignum if it is out of the FIXNUM
 range, but is a bit slower.
 
-=== Manipulating Ruby Data
+=== Manipulating Ruby object
 
 As I already mentioned, it is not recommended to modify an object's
 internal structure.  To manipulate objects, use the functions supplied
 by the Ruby interpreter. Some (not all) of the useful functions are
 listed below:
 
-==== String Functions
+==== String functions
 
 rb_str_new(const char *ptr, long len) ::
 
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ rb_str_modify(VALUE str) ::
   you MUST call this function before modifying the contents using
   RSTRING_PTR and/or rb_str_set_len.
 
-==== Array Functions
+==== Array functions
 
 rb_ary_new() ::
 
@@ -338,13 +338,13 @@ rb_ary_cat(VALUE ary, const VALUE *ptr, long len) ::
 
 == Extending Ruby with C
 
-=== Adding New Features to Ruby
+=== Adding new features to Ruby
 
 You can add new features (classes, methods, etc.) to the Ruby
 interpreter.  Ruby provides APIs for defining the following things:
 
 - Classes, Modules
-- Methods, Singleton Methods
+- Methods, singleton methods
 - Constants
 
 ==== Class and Module Definition
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ To define nested classes or modules, use the functions below:
   VALUE rb_define_class_under(VALUE outer, const char *name, VALUE super)
   VALUE rb_define_module_under(VALUE outer, const char *name)
 
-==== Method and Singleton Method Definition
+==== Method and singleton method definition
 
 To define methods or singleton methods, use these functions:
 
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ available), you can use:
 
   VALUE rb_current_receiver(void)
 
-==== Constant Definition
+==== Constant definition
 
 We have 2 functions to define constants:
 
@@ -477,11 +477,11 @@ We have 2 functions to define constants:
 The former is to define a constant under specified class/module.  The
 latter is to define a global constant.
 
-=== Use Ruby Features from C
+=== Use Ruby features from C
 
 There are several ways to invoke Ruby's features from C code.
 
-==== Evaluate Ruby Programs in a String
+==== Evaluate Ruby programs in a string
 
 The easiest way to use Ruby's functionality from a C program is to
 evaluate the string as Ruby program.  This function will do the job:
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ and to convert Ruby Symbol object to ID, use
 
   ID SYM2ID(VALUE symbol)
 
-==== Invoke Ruby Method from C
+==== Invoke Ruby method from C
 
 To invoke methods directly, you can use the function below
 
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ To invoke methods directly, you can use the function below
 This function invokes a method on the recv, with the method name
 specified by the symbol mid.
 
-==== Accessing the Variables and Constants
+==== Accessing the variables and constants
 
 You can access class variables and instance variables using access
 functions.  Also, global variables can be shared between both
@@ -578,9 +578,9 @@ To access the constants of the class/module:
 
 See also Constant Definition above.
 
-== Information Sharing Between Ruby and C
+== Information sharing between Ruby and C
 
-=== Ruby Constants That Can Be Accessed From C
+=== Ruby constants that can be accessed from C
 
 As stated in section 1.3,
 the following Ruby constants can be referred from C.
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ Qnil ::
 
   Ruby nil in C scope.
 
-=== Global Variables Shared Between C and Ruby
+=== Global variables shared between C and Ruby
 
 Information can be shared between the two environments using shared global
 variables.  To define them, you can use functions listed below:
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ The prototypes of the getter and setter functions are as follows:
   VALUE (*getter)(ID id);
   void (*setter)(VALUE val, ID id);
 
-=== Encapsulate C Data into a Ruby Object
+=== Encapsulate C data into a Ruby object
 
 Sometimes you need to expose your struct in the C world as a Ruby
 object.
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ You can allocate and wrap the structure in one step.
 
   TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, type, data_type, sval)
 
-This macro returns an allocated Data object, wrapping the pointer to
+This macro returns an allocated T_DATA object, wrapping the pointer to
 the structure, which is also allocated.  This macro works like:
 
   (sval = ZALLOC(type), TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, data_type, sval))
@@ -771,9 +771,66 @@ Arguments klass and data_type work like their counterparts in
 TypedData_Wrap_Struct().  A pointer to the allocated structure will
 be assigned to sval, which should be a pointer of the type specified.
 
+==== Declaratively marking/compacting struct references
+
+In the case where your struct refers to Ruby objects that are simple values,
+not wrapped in conditional logic or complex data structures an alternative
+approach to marking and reference updating is provided, by declaring offset
+references to the VALUES in your struct.
+
+Doing this allows the Ruby GC to support marking these references and GC
+compaction without the need to define the +dmark+ and +dcompact+ callbacks.
+
+You must define a static list of VALUE pointers to the offsets within your
+struct where the references are located, and set the "data" member to point to
+this reference list. The reference list must end with +RUBY_END_REFS+.
+
+Some Macros have been provided to make edge referencing easier:
+
+* <code>RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING</code> =A flag that can be set on the +ruby_data_type_t+ to indicate that references are being declared as edges.
+
+* <code>RUBY_REFERENCES(ref_list_name)</code> - Define _ref_list_name_ as a list of references
+
+* <code>RUBY_REF_END</code> - The end mark of the references list.
+
+* <code>RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct, member)</code> - Declare _member_ as a VALUE edge from _struct_. Use this after +RUBY_REFERENCES_START+
+
+* +RUBY_REFS_LIST_PTR+ - Coerce the reference list into a format that can be
+  accepted by the existing +dmark+ interface.
+
+The example below is from Dir (defined in +dir.c+)
+
+  // The struct being wrapped. Notice this contains 3 members of which the second
+  // is a VALUE reference to another ruby object.
+  struct dir_data {
+      DIR *dir;
+      const VALUE path;
+      rb_encoding *enc;
+  }
+
+  // Define a reference list `dir_refs` containing a single entry to `path`.
+  // Needs terminating with RUBY_REF_END
+  RUBY_REFERENCES(dir_refs) = {
+      RUBY_REF_EDGE(dir_data, path),
+      RUBY_REF_END
+  };
+
+  // Override the "dmark" field with the defined reference list now that we
+  // no longer need a marking callback and add RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING to the
+  // flags field
+  static const rb_data_type_t dir_data_type = {
+      "dir",
+      {RUBY_REFS_LIST_PTR(dir_refs), dir_free, dir_memsize,},
+      0, NULL, RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING
+  };
+
+Declaring simple references declaratively in this manner allows the GC to both
+mark, and move the underlying object, and automatically update the reference to
+it during compaction.
+
 ==== Ruby object to C struct
 
-To retrieve the C pointer from the Data object, use the macro
+To retrieve the C pointer from the T_DATA object, use the macro
 TypedData_Get_Struct().
 
   TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, type, &data_type, sval)
@@ -788,7 +845,7 @@ OK, here's the example of making an extension library.  This is the
 extension to access DBMs.  The full source is included in the ext/
 directory in the Ruby's source tree.
 
-=== Make the Directory
+=== Make the directory
 
   % mkdir ext/dbm
 
@@ -999,7 +1056,7 @@ If a compilation condition is not fulfilled, you should not call
 ``create_makefile''.  The Makefile will not be generated, compilation will
 not be done.
 
-=== Prepare Depend (Optional)
+=== Prepare depend (Optional)
 
 If the file named depend exists, Makefile will include that file to
 check dependencies.  You can make this file by invoking
@@ -1038,15 +1095,15 @@ You may need to rb_debug the extension.  Extensions can be linked
 statically by adding the directory name in the ext/Setup file so that
 you can inspect the extension with the debugger.
 
-=== Done! Now You Have the Extension Library
+=== Done! Now you have the extension library
 
 You can do anything you want with your library.  The author of Ruby
 will not claim any restrictions on your code depending on the Ruby API.
 Feel free to use, modify, distribute or sell your program.
 
-== Appendix A. Ruby Header and Source Files Overview
+== Appendix A. Ruby header and source files overview
 
-=== Ruby Header Files
+=== Ruby header files
 
 Everything under <tt>$repo_root/include/ruby</tt> is installed with
 <tt>make install</tt>.
@@ -1063,7 +1120,7 @@ Header files under <tt>$repo_root/internal/</tt> or directly under the
 root <tt>$repo_root/*.h</tt> are not make-installed.
 They are internal headers with only internal APIs.
 
-=== Ruby Language Core
+=== Ruby language core
 
 class.c    :: classes and modules
 error.c    :: exception classes and exception mechanism
@@ -1072,14 +1129,14 @@ load.c     :: library loading
 object.c   :: objects
 variable.c :: variables and constants
 
-=== Ruby Syntax Parser
+=== Ruby syntax parser
 
 parse.y       :: grammar definition
 parse.c       :: automatically generated from parse.y
 defs/keywords :: reserved keywords
 lex.c         :: automatically generated from keywords
 
-=== Ruby Evaluator (a.k.a. YARV)
+=== Ruby evaluator (a.k.a. YARV)
 
   compile.c
   eval.c
@@ -1105,7 +1162,7 @@ lex.c         :: automatically generated from keywords
     -> opt*.inc            : automatically generated
     -> vm.inc              : automatically generated
 
-=== Regular Expression Engine (Onigumo)
+=== Regular expression engine (Onigumo)
 
   regcomp.c
   regenc.c
@@ -1114,7 +1171,7 @@ lex.c         :: automatically generated from keywords
   regparse.c
   regsyntax.c
 
-=== Utility Functions
+=== Utility functions
 
 debug.c    :: debug symbols for C debugger
 dln.c      :: dynamic loading
@@ -1122,7 +1179,7 @@ st.c       :: general purpose hash table
 strftime.c :: formatting times
 util.c     :: misc utilities
 
-=== Ruby Interpreter Implementation
+=== Ruby interpreter implementation
 
   dmyext.c
   dmydln.c
@@ -1136,7 +1193,7 @@ util.c     :: misc utilities
   gem_prelude.rb
   prelude.rb
 
-=== Class Library
+=== Class library
 
 array.c      :: Array
 bignum.c     :: Bignum
@@ -1175,13 +1232,13 @@ transcode.c :: Encoding::Converter
 enc/*.c     :: encoding classes
 enc/trans/* :: codepoint mapping tables
 
-=== goruby Interpreter Implementation
+=== goruby interpreter implementation
 
   goruby.c
   golf_prelude.rb     : goruby specific libraries.
     -> golf_prelude.c : automatically generated
 
-== Appendix B. Ruby Extension API Reference
+== Appendix B. Ruby extension API reference
 
 === Types
 
@@ -1191,7 +1248,7 @@ VALUE ::
   such as struct RString, etc.  To refer the values in structures, use
   casting macros like RSTRING(obj).
 
-=== Variables and Constants
+=== Variables and constants
 
 Qnil ::
 
@@ -1205,7 +1262,7 @@ Qfalse ::
 
   false object
 
-=== C Pointer Wrapping
+=== C pointer wrapping
 
 Data_Wrap_Struct(VALUE klass, void (*mark)(), void (*free)(), void *sval) ::
 
@@ -1225,7 +1282,7 @@ Data_Get_Struct(data, type, sval) ::
   This macro retrieves the pointer value from DATA, and assigns it to
   the variable sval.
 
-=== Checking Data Types
+=== Checking VALUE types
 
 RB_TYPE_P(value, type) ::
 
@@ -1255,7 +1312,7 @@ void Check_Type(VALUE value, int type) ::
 
   Ensures +value+ is of the given internal +type+ or raises a TypeError
 
-=== Data Type Conversion
+=== VALUE type conversion
 
 FIX2INT(value), INT2FIX(i) ::
 
@@ -1339,7 +1396,7 @@ rb_str_new2(s) ::
 
   char * -> String
 
-=== Defining Classes and Modules
+=== Defining classes and modules
 
 VALUE rb_define_class(const char *name, VALUE super) ::
 
@@ -1366,7 +1423,7 @@ void rb_extend_object(VALUE object, VALUE module) ::
 
   Extend the object with the module's attributes.
 
-=== Defining Global Variables
+=== Defining global variables
 
 void rb_define_variable(const char *name, VALUE *var) ::
 
@@ -1410,7 +1467,7 @@ void rb_gc_register_mark_object(VALUE object) ::
 
   Tells GC to protect the +object+, which may not be referenced anywhere.
 
-=== Constant Definition
+=== Constant definition
 
 void rb_define_const(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE val) ::
 
@@ -1422,7 +1479,7 @@ void rb_define_global_const(const char *name, VALUE val) ::
 
     rb_define_const(rb_cObject, name, val)
 
-=== Method Definition
+=== Method definition
 
 rb_define_method(VALUE klass, const char *name, VALUE (*func)(ANYARGS), int argc) ::
 
@@ -1598,7 +1655,7 @@ int rb_respond_to(VALUE obj, ID id) ::
 
   Returns true if the object responds to the message specified by id.
 
-=== Instance Variables
+=== Instance variables
 
 VALUE rb_iv_get(VALUE obj, const char *name) ::
 
@@ -1609,7 +1666,7 @@ VALUE rb_iv_set(VALUE obj, const char *name, VALUE val) ::
 
   Sets the value of the instance variable.
 
-=== Control Structure
+=== Control structure
 
 VALUE rb_block_call(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, VALUE * argv, VALUE (*func) (ANYARGS), VALUE data2) ::
 
@@ -1705,7 +1762,7 @@ void rb_iter_break_value(VALUE value) ::
   return the given argument value.  This function never return to the
   caller.
 
-=== Exceptions and Errors
+=== Exceptions and errors
 
 void rb_warn(const char *fmt, ...) ::
 
@@ -1778,7 +1835,7 @@ int rb_wait_for_single_fd(int fd, int events, struct timeval *timeout) ::
 
   Use a NULL +timeout+ to wait indefinitely.
 
-=== I/O Multiplexing
+=== I/O multiplexing
 
 Ruby supports I/O multiplexing based on the select(2) system call.
 The Linux select_tut(2) manpage
@@ -1830,7 +1887,7 @@ int rb_thread_fd_select(int nfds, rb_fdset_t *readfds, rb_fdset_t *writefds, rb_
   rb_io_wait_writable, or rb_wait_for_single_fd functions since
   they can be optimized for specific platforms (currently, only Linux).
 
-=== Initialize and Start the Interpreter
+=== Initialize and start the interpreter
 
 The embedding API functions are below (not needed for extension libraries):
 
@@ -1855,7 +1912,7 @@ void ruby_script(char *name) ::
 
   Specifies the name of the script ($0).
 
-=== Hooks for the Interpreter Events
+=== Hooks for the interpreter events
 
 void rb_add_event_hook(rb_event_hook_func_t func, rb_event_flag_t events, VALUE data) ::
 
@@ -1897,7 +1954,7 @@ void rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage(ssize_t diff) ::
   is decreased; a memory block is freed or a block is reallocated as
   smaller size.  This function may trigger the GC.
 
-=== Macros for Compatibility
+=== Macros for compatibility
 
 Some macros to check API compatibilities are available by default.
 
diff --git a/doc/format_specifications.rdoc b/doc/format_specifications.rdoc
index e589524f27..1111575e74 100644
--- a/doc/format_specifications.rdoc
+++ b/doc/format_specifications.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Format Specifications
+= Format Specifications
 
 Several Ruby core classes have instance method +printf+ or +sprintf+:
 
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ It consists of:
 Except for the leading percent character,
 the only required part is the type specifier, so we begin with that.
 
-=== Type Specifiers
+== Type Specifiers
 
 This section provides a brief explanation of each type specifier.
 The links lead to the details and examples.
 
-==== \Integer Type Specifiers
+=== \Integer Type Specifiers
 
 - +b+ or +B+: Format +argument+ as a binary integer.
   See {Specifiers b and B}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Specifiers+b+and+B].
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ The links lead to the details and examples.
 - +x+ or +X+: Format +argument+ as a hexadecimal integer.
   See {Specifiers x and X}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Specifiers+x+and+X].
 
-==== Floating-Point Type Specifiers
+=== Floating-Point Type Specifiers
 
 - +a+ or +A+: Format +argument+ as hexadecimal floating-point number.
   See {Specifiers a and A}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Specifiers+a+and+A].
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ The links lead to the details and examples.
 - +g+ or +G+: Format +argument+ in a "general" format.
   See {Specifiers g and G}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Specifiers+g+and+G].
 
-==== Other Type Specifiers
+=== Other Type Specifiers
 
 - +c+: Format +argument+ as a character.
   See {Specifier c}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Specifier+c].
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ The links lead to the details and examples.
 - <tt>%</tt>: Format +argument+ (<tt>'%'</tt>) as a single percent character.
   See {Specifier %}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Specifier+-25].
 
-=== Flags
+== Flags
 
 The effect of a flag may vary greatly among type specifiers.
 These remarks are general in nature.
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ See {type-specific details}[rdoc-ref:format_specifications.rdoc@Type+Specifier+D
 Multiple flags may be given with single type specifier;
 order does not matter.
 
-==== <tt>' '</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>' '</tt> Flag
 
 Insert a space before a non-negative number:
 
@@ -97,49 +97,49 @@ Insert a minus sign for negative value:
   sprintf('%d', -10)  # => "-10"
   sprintf('% d', -10) # => "-10"
 
-==== <tt>'#'</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>'#'</tt> Flag
 
 Use an alternate format; varies among types:
 
   sprintf('%x', 100)  # => "64"
   sprintf('%#x', 100) # => "0x64"
 
-==== <tt>'+'</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>'+'</tt> Flag
 
 Add a leading plus sign for a non-negative number:
 
   sprintf('%x', 100)  # => "64"
   sprintf('%+x', 100) # => "+64"
 
-==== <tt>'-'</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>'-'</tt> Flag
 
 Left justify the value in its field:
 
   sprintf('%6d', 100)  # => "   100"
   sprintf('%-6d', 100) # => "100   "
 
-==== <tt>'0'</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>'0'</tt> Flag
 
 Left-pad with zeros instead of spaces:
 
   sprintf('%6d', 100)  # => "   100"
   sprintf('%06d', 100) # => "000100"
 
-==== <tt>'*'</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>'*'</tt> Flag
 
 Use the next argument as the field width:
 
   sprintf('%d', 20, 14)  # => "20"
   sprintf('%*d', 20, 14) # => "                  14"
 
-==== <tt>'n$'</tt> Flag
+=== <tt>'n$'</tt> Flag
 
 Format the (1-based) <tt>n</tt>th argument into this field:
 
     sprintf("%s %s", 'world', 'hello')     # => "world hello"
     sprintf("%2$s %1$s", 'world', 'hello') # => "hello world"
 
-=== Width Specifier
+== Width Specifier
 
 In general, a width specifier determines the minimum width (in characters)
 of the formatted field:
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ of the formatted field:
   # Ignore if too small.
   sprintf('%1d', 100)   # => "100"
 
-=== Precision Specifier
+== Precision Specifier
 
 A precision specifier is a decimal point followed by zero or more
 decimal digits.
@@ -194,9 +194,9 @@ the number of characters to write:
   sprintf('%s', Time.now)    # => "2022-05-04 11:59:16 -0400"
   sprintf('%.10s', Time.now) # => "2022-05-04"
 
-=== Type Specifier Details and Examples
+== Type Specifier Details and Examples
 
-==== Specifiers +a+ and +A+
+=== Specifiers +a+ and +A+
 
 Format +argument+ as hexadecimal floating-point number:
 
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ Format +argument+ as hexadecimal floating-point number:
   sprintf('%A', 4096)      # => "0X1P+12"
   sprintf('%A', -4096)     # => "-0X1P+12"
 
-==== Specifiers +b+ and +B+
+=== Specifiers +b+ and +B+
 
 The two specifiers +b+ and +B+ behave identically
 except when flag <tt>'#'</tt>+ is used.
@@ -226,14 +226,14 @@ Format +argument+ as a binary integer:
   sprintf('%#b', 4)  # => "0b100"
   sprintf('%#B', 4)  # => "0B100"
 
-==== Specifier +c+
+=== Specifier +c+
 
 Format +argument+ as a single character:
 
   sprintf('%c', 'A') # => "A"
   sprintf('%c', 65)  # => "A"
 
-==== Specifier +d+
+=== Specifier +d+
 
 Format +argument+ as a decimal integer:
 
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ Format +argument+ as a decimal integer:
 
 Flag <tt>'#'</tt> does not apply.
 
-==== Specifiers +e+ and +E+
+=== Specifiers +e+ and +E+
 
 Format +argument+ in
 {scientific notation}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_notation]:
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ Format +argument+ in
   sprintf('%e', 3.14159)  # => "3.141590e+00"
   sprintf('%E', -3.14159) # => "-3.141590E+00"
 
-==== Specifier +f+
+=== Specifier +f+
 
 Format +argument+ as a floating-point number:
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ Format +argument+ as a floating-point number:
 
 Flag <tt>'#'</tt> does not apply.
 
-==== Specifiers +g+ and +G+
+=== Specifiers +g+ and +G+
 
 Format +argument+ using exponential form (+e+/+E+ specifier)
 if the exponent is less than -4 or greater than or equal to the precision.
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ Otherwise format +argument+ using floating-point form (+f+ specifier):
   sprintf('%#G', 100000000000)  # => "1.00000E+11"
   sprintf('%#G', 0.000000000001)  # => "1.00000E-12"
 
-==== Specifier +o+
+=== Specifier +o+
 
 Format +argument+ as an octal integer.
 If +argument+ is negative, it will be formatted as a two's complement
@@ -296,14 +296,14 @@ prefixed with +..7+:
   sprintf('%#o', 16)  # => "020"
   sprintf('%#o', -16) # => "..760"
 
-==== Specifier +p+
+=== Specifier +p+
 
 Format +argument+ as a string via <tt>argument.inspect</tt>:
 
   t = Time.now
   sprintf('%p', t)   # => "2022-05-01 13:42:07.1645683 -0500"
 
-==== Specifier +s+
+=== Specifier +s+
 
 Format +argument+ as a string via <tt>argument.to_s</tt>:
 
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ Format +argument+ as a string via <tt>argument.to_s</tt>:
 
 Flag <tt>'#'</tt> does not apply.
 
-==== Specifiers +x+ and +X+
+=== Specifiers +x+ and +X+
 
 Format +argument+ as a hexadecimal integer.
 If +argument+ is negative, it will be formatted as a two's complement
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ prefixed with +..f+:
   # Alternate format for negative value.
   sprintf('%#x', -100) # => "0x..f9c"
 
-==== Specifier <tt>%</tt>
+=== Specifier <tt>%</tt>
 
 Format +argument+ (<tt>'%'</tt>) as a single percent character:
 
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Format +argument+ (<tt>'%'</tt>) as a single percent character:
 
 Flags do not apply.
 
-=== Reference by Name
+== Reference by Name
 
 For more complex formatting, Ruby supports a reference by name.
 %<name>s style uses format style, but %{name} style doesn't.
diff --git a/doc/globals.rdoc b/doc/globals.rdoc
index 1d7cda69f9..1bf78a60ab 100644
--- a/doc/globals.rdoc
+++ b/doc/globals.rdoc
@@ -1,69 +1,422 @@
-# -*- mode: rdoc; coding: utf-8; fill-column: 74; -*-
-
-== Pre-defined global variables
-
-$!::   The Exception object set by Kernel#raise.
-$@::   The same as <code>$!.backtrace</code>.
-$~::   The information about the last match in the current scope (thread-local and frame-local).
-$&::   The string matched by the last successful match.
-$`::   The string to the left  of the last successful match.
-$'::   The string to the right of the last successful match.
-$+::   The highest group matched by the last successful match.
-$1::   The Nth group of the last successful match. May be > 1.
-$=::   This variable is no longer effective. Deprecated.
-$/::   The input record separator, newline by default. Aliased to $-0.
-$\::   The output record separator for Kernel#print and IO#write. Default is +nil+.
-$,::   The output field separator for Kernel#print and Array#join. Non-nil $, will be deprecated.
-$;::   The default separator for String#split. Non-nil $; will be deprecated. Aliased to $-F.
-$.::   The current input line number of the last file that was read.
-$<::   The same as ARGF.
-$>::   The default output stream for Kernel#print and Kernel#printf. $stdout by default.
-$_::   The last input line of string by gets or readline.
-$0::   Contains the name of the script being executed. May be assignable.
-$*::   The same as ARGV.
-$$::   The process number of the Ruby running this script. Same as Process.pid.
-$?::   The status of the last executed child process (thread-local).
-$LOAD_PATH::   Load path for searching Ruby scripts and extension libraries used
-               by Kernel#load and Kernel#require. Aliased to $: and $-I.
-               Has a singleton method <code>$LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path(feature)</code>
-               that returns [+:rb+ or +:so+, path], which resolves the feature to
-               the path the original Kernel#require method would load.
-$LOADED_FEATURES::   The array contains the module names loaded by require.
-                     Aliased to $".
-$DEBUG::     The debug flag, which is set by the <tt>-d</tt> switch.  Enabling debug
-             output prints each exception raised to $stderr (but not its
-             backtrace).  Setting this to a true value enables debug output as
-             if <tt>-d</tt> were given on the command line.  Setting this to a false
-             value disables debug output. Aliased to $-d.
-$FILENAME::  Current input filename from ARGF. Same as ARGF.filename.
-$stderr::    The current standard error output.
-$stdin::     The current standard input.
-$stdout::    The current standard output.
-$VERBOSE::   The verbose flag, which is set by the <tt>-w</tt> or <tt>-v</tt> switch.
-             Setting this to a true value enables warnings as if <tt>-w</tt> or <tt>-v</tt> were given
-             on the command line.  Setting this to +nil+ disables warnings,
-             including from Kernel#warn. Aliased to $-v and $-w.
-$-a::  True if option <tt>-a</tt> is set. Read-only variable.
-$-i::  In in-place-edit mode, this variable holds the extension, otherwise +nil+.
-$-l::  True if option <tt>-l</tt> is set. Read-only variable.
-$-p::  True if option <tt>-p</tt> is set. Read-only variable.
-
-== Pre-defined global constants
-
-STDIN::             The standard input. The default value for $stdin.
-STDOUT::            The standard output. The default value for $stdout.
-STDERR::            The standard error output. The default value for $stderr.
-ENV::               The hash contains current environment variables.
-ARGF::              The virtual concatenation of the files given on command line (or from $stdin if no files were given).
-ARGV::              An Array of command line arguments given for the script.
-DATA::              The file object of the script, pointing just after <code>__END__</code>.
-TOPLEVEL_BINDING::  The Binding of the top level scope.
-RUBY_VERSION::      The Ruby language version.
-RUBY_RELEASE_DATE:: The release date string.
-RUBY_PLATFORM::     The platform identifier.
-RUBY_PATCHLEVEL::   The patchlevel for this Ruby.  If this is a development build of Ruby the patchlevel will be -1.
-RUBY_REVISION::     The GIT commit hash for this Ruby.
-RUBY_COPYRIGHT::    The copyright string for Ruby.
-RUBY_ENGINE::       The name of the Ruby implementation.
-RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION:: The version of the Ruby implementation.
-RUBY_DESCRIPTION::  The same as <tt>ruby --version</tt>, a String describing various aspects of the Ruby implementation.
+= Pre-Defined Global Variables
+
+Some of the pre-defined global variables have synonyms
+that are available via module Engish.
+For each of those, the \English synonym is given.
+
+To use the module:
+
+  require 'English'
+
+== Exceptions
+
+=== <tt>$!</tt> (\Exception)
+
+Contains the Exception object set by Kernel#raise:
+
+  begin
+    raise RuntimeError.new('Boo!')
+  rescue RuntimeError
+    p $!
+  end
+
+Output:
+
+  #<RuntimeError: Boo!>
+
+English - <tt>$ERROR_INFO</tt>
+
+=== <tt>$@</tt> (Backtrace)
+
+Same as <tt>$!.backtrace</tt>;
+returns an array of backtrace positions:
+
+  begin
+    raise RuntimeError.new('Boo!')
+  rescue RuntimeError
+    pp $@.take(4)
+  end
+
+Output:
+
+  ["(irb):338:in `<top (required)>'",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/irb/workspace.rb:119:in `eval'",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/irb/workspace.rb:119:in `evaluate'",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/irb/context.rb:502:in `evaluate'"]
+
+English - <tt>$ERROR_POSITION</tt>.
+
+== Pattern Matching
+
+These global variables store information about the most recent
+successful match in the current scope.
+
+For details and examples,
+see {Regexp Global Variables}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Global+Variables].
+
+=== <tt>$~</tt> (\MatchData)
+
+MatchData object created from the match;
+thread-local and frame-local.
+
+English - <tt>$LAST_MATCH_INFO</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$&</tt> (Matched Substring)
+
+The matched string.
+
+English - <tt>$MATCH</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$`</tt> (Pre-Match Substring)
+
+The string to the left of the match.
+
+English - <tt>$PREMATCH</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$'</tt> (Post-Match Substring)
+
+The string to the right of the match.
+
+English - <tt>$POSTMATCH</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$+</tt> (Last Matched Group)
+
+The last group matched.
+
+English - <tt>$LAST_PAREN_MATCH</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$1</tt>, <tt>$2</tt>, \Etc. (Matched Group)
+
+For <tt>$_n_</tt> the _nth_ group of the match.
+
+No \English.
+
+== Separators
+
+=== <tt>$/</tt> (Input Record Separator)
+
+An input record separator, initially newline.
+
+English - <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>, <tt>$RS</tt>.
+
+Aliased as <tt>$-0</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$;</tt> (Input Field Separator)
+
+An input field separator, initially +nil+.
+
+English - <tt>$FIELD_SEPARATOR</tt>, <tt>$FS</tt>.
+
+Aliased as <tt>$-F</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$\\</tt> (Output Record Separator)
+
+An output record separator, initially +nil+.
+
+English - <tt>$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>, <tt>$ORS</tt>.
+
+== Streams
+
+=== <tt>$stdin</tt> (Standard Input)
+
+The current standard input stream; initially:
+
+  $stdin # => #<IO:<STDIN>>
+
+=== <tt>$stdout</tt> (Standard Output)
+
+The current standard output stream; initially:
+
+  $stdout # => #<IO:<STDOUT>>
+
+=== <tt>$stderr</tt> (Standard Error)
+
+The current standard error stream; initially:
+
+  $stderr # => #<IO:<STDERR>>
+
+=== <tt>$<</tt> (\ARGF or $stdin)
+
+Points to stream ARGF if not empty, else to stream $stdin; read-only.
+
+English - <tt>$DEFAULT_INPUT</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$></tt> (Default Standard Output)
+
+An output stream, initially <tt>$stdout</tt>.
+
+English - <tt>$DEFAULT_OUTPUT
+
+=== <tt>$.</tt> (Input Position)
+
+The input position (line number) in the most recently read stream.
+
+English - <tt>$INPUT_LINE_NUMBER</tt>, <tt>$NR</tt>
+
+=== <tt>$_</tt> (Last Read Line)
+
+The line (string) from the most recently read stream.
+
+English - <tt>$LAST_READ_LINE</tt>.
+
+== Processes
+
+=== <tt>$0</tt>
+
+Initially, contains the name of the script being executed;
+may be reassigned.
+
+=== <tt>$*</tt> (\ARGV)
+
+Points to ARGV.
+
+English - <tt>$ARGV</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$$</tt> (Process ID)
+
+The process ID of the current process. Same as Process.pid.
+
+English - <tt>$PROCESS_ID</tt>, <tt>$PID</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$?</tt> (Child Status)
+
+Initially +nil+, otherwise the Process::Status object
+created for the most-recently exited child process;
+thread-local.
+
+English - <tt>$CHILD_STATUS</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$LOAD_PATH</tt> (Load Path)
+
+Contains the array of paths to be searched
+by Kernel#load and Kernel#require.
+
+Singleton method <tt>$LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path(feature)</tt>
+returns:
+
+- <tt>[:rb, _path_]</tt>, where +path+ is the path to the Ruby file
+  to be loaded for the given +feature+.
+- <tt>[:so+ _path_]</tt>, where +path+ is the path to the shared object file
+  to be loaded for the given +feature+.
+- +nil+ if there is no such +feature+ and +path+.
+
+Examples:
+
+  $LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path('timeout')
+  # => [:rb, "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/timeout.rb"]
+  $LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path('date_core')
+  # => [:so, "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/x86_64-linux/date_core.so"]
+  $LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path('foo')
+  # => nil
+
+Aliased as <tt>$:</tt> and <tt>$-I</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$LOADED_FEATURES</tt>
+
+Contains an array of the paths to the loaded files:
+
+  $LOADED_FEATURES.take(10)
+  # =>
+  ["enumerator.so",
+   "thread.rb",
+   "fiber.so",
+   "rational.so",
+   "complex.so",
+   "ruby2_keywords.rb",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/x86_64-linux/enc/encdb.so",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/x86_64-linux/enc/trans/transdb.so",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/x86_64-linux/rbconfig.rb",
+   "/snap/ruby/317/lib/ruby/3.2.0/rubygems/compatibility.rb"]
+
+Aliased as <tt>$"</tt>.
+
+== Debugging
+
+=== <tt>$FILENAME</tt>
+
+The value returned by method ARGF.filename.
+
+=== <tt>$DEBUG</tt>
+
+Initially +true+ if command-line option <tt>-d</tt> or <tt>--debug</tt> is given,
+otherwise initially +false+;
+may be set to either value in the running program.
+
+When +true+, prints each raised exception to <tt>$stderr</tt>.
+
+Aliased as <tt>$-d</tt>.
+
+=== <tt>$VERBOSE</tt>
+
+Initially +true+ if command-line option <tt>-v</tt> or <tt>-w</tt> is given,
+otherwise initially +false+;
+may be set to either value, or to +nil+, in the running program.
+
+When +true+, enables Ruby warnings.
+
+When +nil+, disables warnings, including those from Kernel#warn.
+
+Aliased as <tt>$-v</tt> and <tt>$-w</tt>.
+
+== Other Variables
+
+=== <tt>$-a</tt>
+
+Whether command-line option <tt>-a</tt> was given; read-only.
+
+=== <tt>$-i</tt>
+
+Contains the extension given with command-line option <tt>-i</tt>,
+or +nil+ if none.
+
+An alias of ARGF.inplace_mode.
+
+=== <tt>$-l</tt>
+
+Whether command-line option <tt>-l</tt> was set; read-only.
+
+=== <tt>$-p</tt>
+
+Whether command-line option <tt>-p</tt> was given; read-only.
+
+== Deprecated
+
+=== <tt>$=</tt>
+
+=== <tt>$,</tt>
+
+= Pre-Defined Global Constants
+
+= Streams
+
+=== <tt>STDIN</tt>
+
+The standard input stream (the default value for <tt>$stdin</tt>):
+
+  STDIN # => #<IO:<STDIN>>
+
+=== <tt>STDOUT</tt>
+
+The standard output stream (the default value for <tt>$stdout</tt>):
+
+  STDOUT # => #<IO:<STDOUT>>
+
+=== <tt>STDERR</tt>
+
+The standard error stream (the default value for <tt>$stderr</tt>):
+
+  STDERR # => #<IO:<STDERR>>
+
+== Environment
+
+=== ENV
+
+A hash of the contains current environment variables names and values:
+
+  ENV.take(5)
+  # =>
+  [["COLORTERM", "truecolor"],
+   ["DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS", "unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus"],
+   ["DESKTOP_SESSION", "ubuntu"],
+   ["DISPLAY", ":0"],
+   ["GDMSESSION", "ubuntu"]]
+
+=== ARGF
+
+The virtual concatenation of the files given on the command line, or from
+<tt>$stdin</tt> if no files were given, <tt>"-"</tt> is given, or after
+all files have been read.
+
+=== <tt>ARGV</tt>
+
+An array of the given command-line arguments.
+
+=== <tt>TOPLEVEL_BINDING</tt>
+
+The Binding of the top level scope:
+
+  TOPLEVEL_BINDING # => #<Binding:0x00007f58da0da7c0>
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_VERSION</tt>
+
+The Ruby version:
+
+  RUBY_VERSION # => "3.2.2"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_RELEASE_DATE</tt>
+
+The release date string:
+
+  RUBY_RELEASE_DATE # => "2023-03-30"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_PLATFORM</tt>
+
+The platform identifier:
+
+  RUBY_PLATFORM # => "x86_64-linux"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_PATCHLEVEL</tt>
+
+The integer patch level for this Ruby:
+
+  RUBY_PATCHLEVEL # => 53
+
+For a development build the patch level will be -1.
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_REVISION</tt>
+
+The git commit hash for this Ruby:
+
+  RUBY_REVISION # => "e51014f9c05aa65cbf203442d37fef7c12390015"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_COPYRIGHT</tt>
+
+The copyright string:
+
+  RUBY_COPYRIGHT
+  # => "ruby - Copyright (C) 1993-2023 Yukihiro Matsumoto"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_ENGINE</tt>
+
+The name of the Ruby implementation:
+
+  RUBY_ENGINE # => "ruby"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION</tt>
+
+The version of the Ruby implementation:
+
+  RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION # => "3.2.2"
+
+=== <tt>RUBY_DESCRIPTION</tt>
+
+The description of the Ruby implementation:
+
+  RUBY_DESCRIPTION
+  # => "ruby 3.2.2 (2023-03-30 revision e51014f9c0) [x86_64-linux]"
+
+== Embedded \Data
+
+=== <tt>DATA</tt>
+
+Defined if and only if the program has this line:
+
+  __END__
+
+When defined, <tt>DATA</tt> is a File object
+containing the lines following the <tt>__END__</tt>,
+positioned at the first of those lines:
+
+  p DATA
+  DATA.each_line { |line| p line }
+  __END__
+  Foo
+  Bar
+  Baz
+
+Output:
+
+  #<File:t.rb>
+  "Foo\n"
+  "Bar\n"
+  "Baz\n"
diff --git a/doc/implicit_conversion.rdoc b/doc/implicit_conversion.rdoc
index ba15fa4bf4..e244096125 100644
--- a/doc/implicit_conversion.rdoc
+++ b/doc/implicit_conversion.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Implicit Conversions
+= Implicit Conversions
 
 Some Ruby methods accept one or more objects
 that can be either:
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ a specific conversion method:
 * Integer: +to_int+
 * String: +to_str+
 
-=== Array-Convertible Objects
+== Array-Convertible Objects
 
 An <i>Array-convertible object</i> is an object that:
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ This class is not Array-convertible (method +to_ary+ returns non-Array):
     # Raises TypeError (can't convert NotArrayConvertible to Array (NotArrayConvertible#to_ary gives Symbol))
     a.replace(NotArrayConvertible.new)
 
-=== Hash-Convertible Objects
+== Hash-Convertible Objects
 
 A <i>Hash-convertible object</i> is an object that:
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ This class is not Hash-convertible (method +to_hash+ returns non-Hash):
     # Raises TypeError (can't convert NotHashConvertible to Hash (ToHashReturnsNonHash#to_hash gives Symbol))
     h.merge(NotHashConvertible.new)
 
-=== Integer-Convertible Objects
+== Integer-Convertible Objects
 
 An <i>Integer-convertible object</i> is an object that:
 
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ This class is not Integer-convertible (method +to_int+ returns non-Integer):
     # Raises TypeError (can't convert NotIntegerConvertible to Integer (NotIntegerConvertible#to_int gives Symbol))
     Array.new(NotIntegerConvertible.new)
 
-=== String-Convertible Objects
+== String-Convertible Objects
 
 A <i>String-convertible object</i> is an object that:
 * Has instance method +to_str+.
diff --git a/doc/irb/indexes.md b/doc/irb/indexes.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9659db8c0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/irb/indexes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+## Indexes
+
+### Index of Command-Line Options
+
+These are the \IRB command-line options, with links to explanatory text:
+
+- `-d`: Set `$DEBUG` and {$VERBOSE}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Verbosity]
+  to `true`.
+- `-E _ex_[:_in_]`: Set initial external (ex) and internal (in)
+  {encodings}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Encodings] (same as `ruby -E>`).
+- `-f`: Don't initialize from {configuration file}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Configuration+File].
+- `-I _dirpath_`: Specify {$LOAD_PATH directory}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Load+Modules]
+  (same as `ruby -I`).
+- `-r _load-module_`: Require {load-module}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Load+Modules]
+  (same as `ruby -r`).
+- `-U`: Set external and internal {encodings}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Encodings] to UTF-8.
+- `-w`: Suppress {warnings}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Warnings] (same as `ruby -w`).
+- `-W[_level_]`: Set {warning level}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Warnings];
+  0=silence, 1=medium, 2=verbose (same as `ruby -W`).
+- `--autocomplete`: Use {auto-completion}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Automatic+Completion].
+- `--back-trace-limit _n_`: Set a {backtrace limit}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Tracer];
+  display at most the top `n` and bottom `n` entries.
+- `--colorize`: Use {color-highlighting}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Color+Highlighting]
+  for input and output.
+- `--context-mode _n_`: Select method to create Binding object
+  for new {workspace}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Commands]; `n` in range `0..4`.
+- `--echo`: Print ({echo}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  return values.
+- `--extra-doc-dir _dirpath_`:
+  Add a {documentation directory}[rdoc-ref:IRB@RI+Documentation+Directories]
+  for the documentation dialog.
+- `--inf-ruby-mode`: Set prompt mode to {:INF_RUBY}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Pre-Defined+Prompts]
+  (appropriate for `inf-ruby-mode` on Emacs);
+  suppresses --multiline and --singleline.
+- `--inspect`: Use method `inspect` for printing ({echoing}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  return values.
+- `--multiline`: Use the multiline editor as the {input method}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+Method].
+- `--noautocomplete`: Don't use {auto-completion}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Automatic+Completion].
+- `--nocolorize`: Don't use {color-highlighting}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Color+Highlighting]
+  for input and output.
+- `--noecho`: Don't print ({echo}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  return values.
+- `--noecho-on-assignment`: Don't print ({echo}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  result on assignment.
+- `--noinspect`: Don't se method `inspect` for printing ({echoing}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  return values.
+- `--nomultiline`: Don't use the multiline editor as the {input method}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+Method].
+- `--noprompt`: Don't print {prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Prompt+and+Return+Formats].
+- `--noscript`:  Treat the first command-line argument as a normal
+  {command-line argument}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Initialization+Script],
+  and include it in `ARGV`.
+- `--nosingleline`: Don't use the singleline editor as the {input method}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+Method].
+- `--noverbose`Don't print {verbose}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Verbosity] details.
+- `--prompt _mode_`, `--prompt-mode _mode_`:
+  Set {prompt and return formats}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Prompt+and+Return+Formats];
+  `mode` may be a {pre-defined prompt}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Pre-Defined+Prompts]
+  or the name of a {custom prompt}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Custom+Prompts].
+- `--script`: Treat the first command-line argument as the path to an
+  {initialization script}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Initialization+Script],
+  and omit it from `ARGV`.
+- `--simple-prompt`, `--sample-book-mode`:
+  Set prompt mode to {:SIMPLE}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Pre-Defined+Prompts].
+- `--singleline`: Use the singleline editor as the {input method}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+Method].
+- `--tracer`: Use {Tracer}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Tracer] to print a stack trace for each input command.
+- `--truncate-echo-on-assignment`: Print ({echo}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  truncated result on assignment.
+- `--verbose`Print {verbose}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Verbosity] details.
+- `-v`, `--version`: Print the {IRB version}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Version].
+- `-h`, `--help`: Print the {IRB help text}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Help].
+- `--`: Separate options from {arguments}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Command-Line+Arguments]
+  on the command-line.
+
+### Index of \IRB.conf Entries
+
+These are the keys for hash \IRB.conf entries, with links to explanatory text;
+for each entry that is pre-defined, the initial value is given:
+
+- `:AP_NAME`: \IRB {application name}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Application+Name];
+  initial value: `'irb'`.
+- `:AT_EXIT`: Array of hooks to call
+  {at exit}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB];
+  initial value: `[]`.
+- `:AUTO_INDENT`: Whether {automatic indentation}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Automatic+Indentation]
+  is enabled; initial value: `true`.
+- `:BACK_TRACE_LIMIT`: Sets the {back trace limit}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Tracer];
+  initial value: `16`.
+- `:COMMAND_ALIASES`: Defines input {command aliases}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Command+Aliases];
+  initial value:
+
+        {
+          "$": :show_source,
+          "@": :whereami,
+        }
+
+- `:CONTEXT_MODE`: Sets the {context mode}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Context+Mode],
+  the type of binding to be used when evaluating statements;
+  initial value: `4`.
+- `:ECHO`: Whether to print ({echo}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  return values;
+  initial value: `nil`, which would set `conf.echo` to `true`.
+- `:ECHO_ON_ASSIGNMENT`: Whether to print ({echo}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29])
+  return values on assignment;
+  initial value: `nil`, which would set `conf.echo_on_assignment` to `:truncate`.
+- `:EVAL_HISTORY`: How much {evaluation history}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Evaluation+History]
+  is to be stored; initial value: `nil`.
+- `:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS`: \Array of
+  {RI documentation directories}[rdoc-ref:IRB@RI+Documentation+Directories]
+  to be parsed for the documentation dialog;
+  initial value: `[]`.
+- `:IGNORE_EOF`: Whether to ignore {end-of-file}[rdoc-ref:IRB@End-of-File];
+  initial value: `false`.
+- `:IGNORE_SIGINT`: Whether to ignore {SIGINT}[rdoc-ref:IRB@SIGINT];
+  initial value: `true`.
+- `:INSPECT_MODE`: Whether to use method `inspect` for printing
+  ({echoing}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Return-Value+Printing+-28Echoing-29]) return values;
+  initial value: `true`.
+- `:IRB_LIB_PATH`: The path to the {IRB library directory}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB+Library+Directory]; initial value:
+
+      - `"<i>RUBY_DIR</i>/lib/ruby/gems/<i>RUBY_VER_NUM</i>/gems/irb-<i>IRB_VER_NUM</i>/lib/irb"`,
+
+    where:
+
+      - <i>RUBY_DIR</i> is the Ruby installation dirpath.
+      - <i>RUBY_VER_NUM</i> is the Ruby version number.
+      - <i>IRB_VER_NUM</i> is the \IRB version number.
+
+- `:IRB_NAME`: {IRB name}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB+Name];
+  initial value: `'irb'`.
+- `:IRB_RC`: {Configuration monitor}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Configuration+Monitor];
+  initial value: `nil`.
+- `:LC_MESSAGES`: {Locale}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Locale];
+  initial value: IRB::Locale object.
+- `:LOAD_MODULES`: deprecated.
+- `:MAIN_CONTEXT`: The {context}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Session+Context] for the main \IRB session;
+  initial value: IRB::Context object.
+- `:MEASURE`: Whether to
+  {measure performance}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Performance+Measurement];
+  initial value: `false`.
+- `:MEASURE_CALLBACKS`: Callback methods for
+  {performance measurement}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Performance+Measurement];
+  initial value: `[]`.
+- `:MEASURE_PROC`: Procs for
+  {performance measurement}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Performance+Measurement];
+  initial value:
+
+        {
+          :TIME=>#<Proc:0x0000556e271c6598 /var/lib/gems/3.0.0/gems/irb-1.8.3/lib/irb/init.rb:106>,
+          :STACKPROF=>#<Proc:0x0000556e271c6548 /var/lib/gems/3.0.0/gems/irb-1.8.3/lib/irb/init.rb:116>
+        }
+
+- `:PROMPT`: \Hash of {defined prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Prompt+and+Return+Formats];
+  initial value:
+
+        {
+          :NULL=>{:PROMPT_I=>nil, :PROMPT_S=>nil, :PROMPT_C=>nil, :RETURN=>"%s\n"},
+          :DEFAULT=>{:PROMPT_I=>"%N(%m):%03n> ", :PROMPT_S=>"%N(%m):%03n%l ", :PROMPT_C=>"%N(%m):%03n* ", :RETURN=>"=> %s\n"},
+          :CLASSIC=>{:PROMPT_I=>"%N(%m):%03n:%i> ", :PROMPT_S=>"%N(%m):%03n:%i%l ", :PROMPT_C=>"%N(%m):%03n:%i* ", :RETURN=>"%s\n"},
+          :SIMPLE=>{:PROMPT_I=>">> ", :PROMPT_S=>"%l> ", :PROMPT_C=>"?> ", :RETURN=>"=> %s\n"},
+          :INF_RUBY=>{:PROMPT_I=>"%N(%m):%03n> ", :PROMPT_S=>nil, :PROMPT_C=>nil, :RETURN=>"%s\n", :AUTO_INDENT=>true},
+          :XMP=>{:PROMPT_I=>nil, :PROMPT_S=>nil, :PROMPT_C=>nil, :RETURN=>"    ==>%s\n"}
+        }
+
+- `:PROMPT_MODE`: Name of {current prompt}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Prompt+and+Return+Formats];
+  initial value: `:DEFAULT`.
+- `:RC`: Whether a {configuration file}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Configuration+File]
+  was found and interpreted;
+  initial value: `true` if a configuration file was found, `false` otherwise.
+- `:RC_NAME_GENERATOR`: \Proc to generate paths of potential
+  {configuration files}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Configuration+File];
+  initial value: `=> #<Proc:0x000055f9bebfed80 /var/lib/gems/3.0.0/gems/irb-1.8.3/lib/irb/init.rb:401>`.
+- `:SAVE_HISTORY`: Number of commands to save in
+  {input command history}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+Command+History];
+  initial value: `1000`.
+- `:SINGLE_IRB`: Whether command-line option `--single-irb` was given;
+  initial value: `true` if the option was given, `false` otherwise.
+  See {Single-IRB Mode}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Single-IRB+Mode].
+- `:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE`: Whether to use
+  {automatic completion}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Automatic+Completion];
+  initial value: `true`.
+- `:USE_COLORIZE`: Whether to use
+  {color highlighting}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Color+Highlighting];
+  initial value: `true`.
+- `:USE_LOADER`: Whether to use the
+  {IRB loader}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB+Loader] for `require` and `load`;
+  initial value: `false`.
+- `:USE_TRACER`: Whether to use the
+  {IRB tracer}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Tracer];
+  initial value: `false`.
+- `:VERBOSE`: Whether to print {verbose output}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Verbosity];
+  initial value: `nil`.
+- `:__MAIN__`: The main \IRB object;
+  initial value: `main`.
diff --git a/doc/irb/irb.rd.ja b/doc/irb/irb.rd.ja
index 633c08cbd4..c51e0bd60d 100644
--- a/doc/irb/irb.rd.ja
+++ b/doc/irb/irb.rd.ja
@@ -125,7 +125,6 @@ irb起動時に``~/.irbrc''を読み込みます. もし存在しない場合は
 
    IRB.conf[:PROMPT][:MY_PROMPT] = { # プロンプトモードの名前
      :PROMPT_I => nil,		  # 通常のプロンプト
-     :PROMPT_N => nil,		  # 継続行のプロンプト
      :PROMPT_S => nil,		  # 文字列などの継続行のプロンプト
      :PROMPT_C => nil,		  # 式が継続している時のプロンプト
      :RETURN => "    ==>%s\n"	  # リターン時のプロンプト
@@ -140,7 +139,7 @@ OKです.
 
   IRB.conf[:PROMPT_MODE] = :MY_PROMPT
 
-PROMPT_I, PROMPT_N, PROMPT_S, PROMPT_Cは, フォーマットを指定します.
+PROMPT_I, PROMPT_S, PROMPT_Cは, フォーマットを指定します.
 
   %N	起動しているコマンド名が出力される.
   %m	mainオブジェクト(self)がto_sで出力される.
@@ -155,7 +154,6 @@ PROMPT_I, PROMPT_N, PROMPT_S, PROMPT_Cは, フォーマットを指定します.
 
   IRB.conf[:PROMPT][:DEFAULT] = {
       :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-      :PROMPT_N => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
       :PROMPT_S => "%N(%m):%03n:%i%l ",
       :PROMPT_C => "%N(%m):%03n:%i* ",
       :RETURN => "=> %s\n"
diff --git a/doc/keywords.rdoc b/doc/keywords.rdoc
index cb1cff33f0..7c368205ef 100644
--- a/doc/keywords.rdoc
+++ b/doc/keywords.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Keywords
+= Keywords
 
 The following keywords are used by Ruby.
 
diff --git a/doc/maintainers.md b/doc/maintainers.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..631371e178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/maintainers.md
@@ -0,0 +1,520 @@
+# Maintainers
+This page describes the current module, library, and extension maintainers of Ruby.
+
+## Module Maintainers
+A module maintainer is responsible for a certain part of Ruby.
+
+* The maintainer fixes bugs of the part. Particularly, they should fix
+  security vulnerabilities as soon as possible.
+* They handle issues related the module on the Redmine or ML.
+* They may be discharged by the 3 months rule [[ruby-core:25764]](https://blade.ruby-lang.org/ruby-core/25764).
+* They have commit right to Ruby's repository to modify their part in the
+  repository.
+* They have "developer" role on the Redmine to modify issues.
+* They have authority to decide the feature of their part. But they should
+  always respect discussions on ruby-core/ruby-dev.
+
+A submaintainer of a module is like a maintainer. But the submaintainer does
+not have authority to change/add a feature on his/her part. They need
+consensus on ruby-core/ruby-dev before changing/adding. Some of submaintainers
+have commit right, others don't.
+
+### Language core features including security
+* Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
+
+### Evaluator
+* Koichi Sasada (ko1)
+
+### Core classes
+* Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
+
+## Standard Library Maintainers
+### Libraries
+#### lib/mkmf.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+
+#### lib/rubygems.rb, lib/rubygems/*
+* Eric Hodel (drbrain)
+* Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
+* https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems
+
+#### lib/unicode_normalize.rb, lib/unicode_normalize/*
+* Martin J. Dürst
+
+### Extensions
+#### ext/continuation
+* Koichi Sasada (ko1)
+
+#### ext/coverage
+* Yusuke Endoh (mame)
+
+#### ext/fiber
+* Koichi Sasada (ko1)
+
+#### ext/monitor
+* Koichi Sasada (ko1)
+
+#### ext/objspace
+* *unmaintained*
+
+#### ext/pty
+* *unmaintained*
+
+#### ext/ripper
+* *unmaintained*
+
+#### ext/socket
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* API change needs matz's approval
+
+#### ext/win32
+* NAKAMURA Usaku (usa)
+
+## Default gems Maintainers
+### Libraries
+#### lib/abbrev.rb
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/abbrev
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/abbrev
+
+#### lib/base64.rb
+* Yusuke Endoh (mame)
+* https://github.com/ruby/base64
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/base64
+
+#### lib/benchmark.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/benchmark
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/benchmark
+
+#### lib/bundler.rb, lib/bundler/*
+* Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
+* https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/bundler
+
+#### lib/cgi.rb, lib/cgi/*
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/cgi
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/cgi
+
+#### lib/csv.rb
+* Kenta Murata (mrkn)
+* Kouhei Sutou (kou)
+* https://github.com/ruby/csv
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/csv
+
+#### lib/English.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/English
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/English
+
+#### lib/delegate.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/delegate
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/delegate
+
+#### lib/did_you_mean.rb
+* Yuki Nishijima (yuki24)
+* https://github.com/ruby/did_you_mean
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/did_you_mean
+
+#### ext/digest, ext/digest/*
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/digest
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/digest
+
+#### lib/drb.rb, lib/drb/*
+* Masatoshi SEKI (seki)
+* https://github.com/ruby/drb
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/drb
+
+#### lib/erb.rb
+* Masatoshi SEKI (seki)
+* Takashi Kokubun (k0kubun)
+* https://github.com/ruby/erb
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/erb
+
+#### lib/error_highlight.rb, lib/error_highlight/*
+* Yusuke Endoh (mame)
+* https://github.com/ruby/error_highlight
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/error_highlight
+
+#### lib/fileutils.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/fileutils
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/fileutils
+
+#### lib/find.rb
+* Kazuki Tsujimoto (ktsj)
+* https://github.com/ruby/find
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/find
+
+#### lib/forwardable.rb
+* Keiju ISHITSUKA (keiju)
+* https://github.com/ruby/forwardable
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/forwardable
+
+#### lib/getoptlong.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/getoptlong
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/getoptlong
+
+#### lib/ipaddr.rb
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/ipaddr
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/ipaddr
+
+#### lib/irb.rb, lib/irb/*
+* Stan Lo (st0012)
+* Tomoya Ishida (tompng)
+* Mari Imaizumi (ima1zumi)
+* Hitoshi Hasumi (hasumikin)
+* https://github.com/ruby/irb
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/irb
+
+#### lib/optparse.rb, lib/optparse/*
+* Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/optparse
+
+#### lib/logger.rb
+* Naotoshi Seo (sonots)
+* https://github.com/ruby/logger
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/logger
+
+#### lib/mutex_m.rb
+* Keiju ISHITSUKA (keiju)
+* https://github.com/ruby/mutex_m
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/mutex_m
+
+#### lib/net/http.rb, lib/net/https.rb
+* NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
+* https://github.com/ruby/net-http
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/net-http
+
+#### lib/net/protocol.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/net-protocol
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/net-protocol
+
+#### lib/observer.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/observer
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/observer
+
+#### lib/open3.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/open3
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/open3
+
+#### lib/open-uri.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/open-uri
+
+#### lib/ostruct.rb
+* Marc-André Lafortune (marcandre)
+* https://github.com/ruby/ostruct
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/ostruct
+
+#### lib/pp.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/pp
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/pp
+
+#### lib/prettyprint.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/prettyprint
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/prettyprint
+
+#### lib/prism.rb
+* Kevin Newton (kddnewton)
+* Jemma Issroff (jemmaissroff)
+* https://github.com/ruby/prism
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/prism
+
+#### lib/pstore.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/pstore
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/pstore
+
+#### lib/readline.rb
+* aycabta
+* https://github.com/ruby/readline
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/readline
+
+#### lib/resolv.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/resolv
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/resolv
+
+#### lib/resolv-replace.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/resolv-replace
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/resolv-replace
+
+#### lib/rdoc.rb, lib/rdoc/*
+* Eric Hodel (drbrain)
+* Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
+* https://github.com/ruby/rdoc
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/rdoc
+
+#### lib/reline.rb, lib/reline/*
+* Tomoya Ishida (tompng)
+* Mari Imaizumi (ima1zumi)
+* Stan Lo (st0012)
+* Hitoshi Hasumi (hasumikin)
+* https://github.com/ruby/reline
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/reline
+
+#### lib/rinda/*
+* Masatoshi SEKI (seki)
+* https://github.com/ruby/rinda
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/rinda
+
+#### lib/securerandom.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/securerandom
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/securerandom
+
+#### lib/set.rb
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/set
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/set
+
+#### lib/shellwords.rb
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/shellwords
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/shellwords
+
+#### lib/singleton.rb
+* Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
+* https://github.com/ruby/singleton
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/singleton
+
+#### lib/tempfile.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/tempfile
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/tempfile
+
+#### lib/time.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/time
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/time
+
+#### lib/timeout.rb
+* Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
+* https://github.com/ruby/timeout
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/timeout
+
+#### lib/thwait.rb
+* Keiju ISHITSUKA (keiju)
+* https://github.com/ruby/thwait
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/thwait
+
+#### lib/tmpdir.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/tmpdir
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/tmpdir
+
+#### lib/tsort.rb
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/tsort
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/tsort
+
+#### lib/un.rb
+* WATANABE Hirofumi (eban)
+* https://github.com/ruby/un
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/un
+
+#### lib/uri.rb, lib/uri/*
+* NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
+* https://github.com/ruby/uri
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/uri
+
+#### lib/yaml.rb, lib/yaml/*
+* Aaron Patterson (tenderlove)
+* Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
+* https://github.com/ruby/yaml
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/yaml
+
+#### lib/weakref.rb
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/weakref
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/weakref
+
+### Extensions
+#### ext/bigdecimal
+* Kenta Murata (mrkn) https://github.com/ruby/bigdecimal
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/bigdecimal
+
+#### ext/cgi
+* Nobuyoshi Nakada (nobu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/cgi
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/cgi
+
+#### ext/date
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/date
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/date
+
+#### ext/etc
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/etc
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/etc
+
+#### ext/fcntl
+* *unmaintained*
+* https://github.com/ruby/fcntl
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/fcntl
+
+#### ext/fiddle
+* Aaron Patterson (tenderlove)
+* https://github.com/ruby/fiddle
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/fiddle
+
+#### ext/io/console
+* Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/io-console
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/io-console
+
+#### ext/io/nonblock
+* Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/io-nonblock
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/io-nonblock
+
+#### ext/io/wait
+* Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/io-wait
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/io-wait
+
+#### ext/json
+* NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
+* Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
+* https://github.com/flori/json
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/json
+
+#### ext/nkf
+* NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
+* https://github.com/ruby/nkf
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/nkf
+
+#### ext/openssl
+* Kazuki Yamaguchi (rhe)
+* https://github.com/ruby/openssl
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/openssl
+
+#### ext/pathname
+* Tanaka Akira (akr)
+* https://github.com/ruby/pathname
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/pathname
+
+#### ext/psych
+* Aaron Patterson (tenderlove)
+* Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
+* https://github.com/ruby/psych
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/psych
+
+#### ext/stringio
+* Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/stringio
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/stringio
+
+#### ext/strscan
+* Kouhei Sutou (kou)
+* https://github.com/ruby/strscan
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/strscan
+
+#### ext/syslog
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+* https://github.com/ruby/syslog
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/syslog
+
+#### ext/win32ole
+* Masaki Suketa (suke)
+* https://github.com/ruby/win32ole
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/win32ole
+
+#### ext/zlib
+* NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
+* https://github.com/ruby/zlib
+* https://rubygems.org/gems/zlib
+
+## Bundled gems upstream repositories
+### minitest
+* https://github.com/seattlerb/minitest
+
+### power_assert
+* https://github.com/ruby/power_assert
+
+### rake
+* https://github.com/ruby/rake
+
+### test-unit
+* https://github.com/test-unit/test-unit
+
+### rexml
+* https://github.com/ruby/rexml
+
+### rss
+* https://github.com/ruby/rss
+
+### net-ftp
+* https://github.com/ruby/net-ftp
+
+### net-imap
+* https://github.com/ruby/net-imap
+
+### net-pop
+* https://github.com/ruby/net-pop
+
+### net-smtp
+* https://github.com/ruby/net-smtp
+
+### matrix
+* https://github.com/ruby/matrix
+
+### prime
+* https://github.com/ruby/prime
+
+### rbs
+* https://github.com/ruby/rbs
+
+### typeprof
+* https://github.com/ruby/typeprof
+
+### debug
+* https://github.com/ruby/debug
+
+### racc
+* https://github.com/ruby/racc
+
+
+## Platform Maintainers
+### mswin64 (Microsoft Windows)
+* NAKAMURA Usaku (usa)
+
+### mingw32 (Minimalist GNU for Windows)
+* Nobuyoshi Nakada (nobu)
+
+### AIX
+* Yutaka Kanemoto (kanemoto)
+
+### FreeBSD
+* Akinori MUSHA (knu)
+
+### Solaris
+* Naohisa Goto (ngoto)
+
+### RHEL, CentOS
+* KOSAKI Motohiro (kosaki)
+
+### macOS
+* Kenta Murata (mrkn)
+
+### OpenBSD
+* Jeremy Evans (jeremyevans0)
+
+### cygwin, ...
+* none. (Maintainer WANTED)
+
+### WebAssembly/WASI
+* Yuta Saito (katei)
diff --git a/doc/maintainers.rdoc b/doc/maintainers.rdoc
deleted file mode 100644
index 7e0c35194f..0000000000
--- a/doc/maintainers.rdoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,424 +0,0 @@
-= Maintainers
-
-This page describes the current module, library, and extension maintainers of Ruby.
-
-== Module Maintainers
-
-A module maintainer is responsible for a certain part of Ruby.
-
-* The maintainer fixes bugs of the part. Particularly, they should fix security vulnerabilities as soon as possible.
-* They handle issues related the module on the Redmine or ML.
-* They may be discharged by the 3 months rule [ruby-core:25764].
-* They have commit right to Ruby's repository to modify their part in the repository.
-* They have "developer" role on the Redmine to modify issues.
-* They have authority to decide the feature of their part. But they should always respect discussions on ruby-core/ruby-dev.
-
-A submaintainer of a module is like a maintainer. But the submaintainer does
-not have authority to change/add a feature on his/her part. They need consensus
-on ruby-core/ruby-dev before changing/adding. Some of submaintainers have
-commit right, others don't.
-
-=== Language core features including security
-
-Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
-
-=== Evaluator
-
-Koichi Sasada (ko1)
-
-=== Core classes
-
-Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
-
-== Standard Library Maintainers
-
-=== Libraries
-
-[lib/mkmf.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-[lib/rubygems.rb, lib/rubygems/*]
-  Eric Hodel (drbrain), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems
-[lib/unicode_normalize.rb, lib/unicode_normalize/*]
-  Martin J. Dürst
-
-=== Extensions
-
-[ext/continuation]
-  Koichi Sasada (ko1)
-[ext/coverage]
-  Yusuke Endoh (mame)
-[ext/fiber]
-  Koichi Sasada (ko1)
-[ext/monitor]
-  Koichi Sasada (ko1)
-[ext/objspace]
-  _unmaintained_
-[ext/pty]
-  _unmaintained_
-[ext/ripper]
-  _unmaintained_
-[ext/socket]
-  * Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  * API change needs matz's approval
-[ext/win32]
-  NAKAMURA Usaku (usa)
-
-== Default gems Maintainers
-
-=== Libraries
-
-[lib/abbrev.rb]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/abbrev
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/abbrev
-[lib/base64.rb]
-  Yusuke Endoh (mame)
-  https://github.com/ruby/base64
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/base64
-[lib/benchmark.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/benchmark
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/benchmark
-[lib/bundler.rb, lib/bundler/*]
-  Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/bundler
-[lib/cgi.rb, lib/cgi/*]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/cgi
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/cgi
-[lib/csv.rb]
-  Kenta Murata (mrkn), Kouhei Sutou (kou)
-  https://github.com/ruby/csv
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/csv
-[lib/English.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/English
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/English
-[lib/debug.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/debug
-[lib/delegate.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/delegate
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/delegate
-[lib/did_you_mean.rb]
-  Yuki Nishijima (yuki24)
-  https://github.com/ruby/did_you_mean
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/did_you_mean
-[ext/digest, ext/digest/*]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/digest
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/digest
-[lib/drb.rb, lib/drb/*]
-  Masatoshi SEKI (seki)
-  https://github.com/ruby/drb
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/drb
-[lib/erb.rb]
-  Masatoshi SEKI (seki), Takashi Kokubun (k0kubun)
-  https://github.com/ruby/erb
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/erb
-[lib/error_highlight.rb, lib/error_highlight/*]
-  Yusuke Endoh (mame)
-  https://github.com/ruby/error_highlight
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/error_highlight
-[lib/fileutils.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/fileutils
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/fileutils
-[lib/find.rb]
-  Kazuki Tsujimoto (ktsj)
-  https://github.com/ruby/find
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/find
-[lib/forwardable.rb]
-  Keiju ISHITSUKA (keiju)
-  https://github.com/ruby/forwardable
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/forwardable
-[lib/getoptlong.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/getoptlong
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/getoptlong
-[lib/ipaddr.rb]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/ipaddr
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/ipaddr
-[lib/irb.rb, lib/irb/*]
-  aycabta
-  https://github.com/ruby/irb
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/irb
-[lib/optparse.rb, lib/optparse/*]
-  Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/optparse
-[lib/logger.rb]
-  Naotoshi Seo (sonots)
-  https://github.com/ruby/logger
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/logger
-[lib/mutex_m.rb]
-  Keiju ISHITSUKA (keiju)
-  https://github.com/ruby/mutex_m
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/mutex_m
-[lib/net/http.rb, lib/net/https.rb]
-  NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
-  https://github.com/ruby/net-http
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/net-http
-[lib/net/protocol.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/net-protocol
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/net-protocol
-[lib/observer.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/observer
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/observer
-[lib/open3.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/open3
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/open3
-[lib/open-uri.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/open-uri
-[lib/ostruct.rb]
-  Marc-André Lafortune (marcandre)
-  https://github.com/ruby/ostruct
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/ostruct
-[lib/pp.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/pp
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/pp
-[lib/prettyprint.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/prettyprint
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/prettyprint
-[lib/pstore.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/pstore
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/pstore
-[lib/racc.rb, lib/racc/*]
-  Aaron Patterson (tenderlove), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/ruby/racc
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/racc
-[lib/readline.rb]
-  aycabta
-  https://github.com/ruby/readline
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/readline
-[lib/resolv.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/resolv
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/resolv
-[lib/resolv-replace.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/resolv-replace
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/resolv-replace
-[lib/rdoc.rb, lib/rdoc/*]
-  Eric Hodel (drbrain), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/ruby/rdoc
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/rdoc
-[lib/readline.rb]
-  aycabta
-  https://github.com/ruby/readline
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/readline
-[lib/reline.rb, lib/reline/*]
-  aycabta
-  https://github.com/ruby/reline
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/reline
-[lib/rinda/*]
-  Masatoshi SEKI (seki)
-  https://github.com/ruby/rinda
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/rinda
-[lib/securerandom.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/securerandom
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/securerandom
-[lib/set.rb]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/set
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/set
-[lib/shellwords.rb]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/shellwords
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/shellwords
-[lib/singleton.rb]
-  Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
-  https://github.com/ruby/singleton
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/singleton
-[lib/tempfile.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/tempfile
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/tempfile
-[lib/time.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/time
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/time
-[lib/timeout.rb]
-  Yukihiro Matsumoto (matz)
-  https://github.com/ruby/timeout
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/timeout
-[lib/thwait.rb]
-  Keiju ISHITSUKA (keiju)
-  https://github.com/ruby/thwait
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/thwait
-[lib/tmpdir.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/tmpdir
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/tmpdir
-[lib/tsort.rb]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/tsort
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/tsort
-[lib/un.rb]
-  WATANABE Hirofumi (eban)
-  https://github.com/ruby/un
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/un
-[lib/uri.rb, lib/uri/*]
-  YAMADA, Akira (akira)
-  https://github.com/ruby/uri
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/uri
-[lib/yaml.rb, lib/yaml/*]
-  Aaron Patterson (tenderlove), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/ruby/yaml
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/yaml
-[lib/weakref.rb]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/weakref
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/weakref
-
-=== Extensions
-
-[ext/bigdecimal]
-  Kenta Murata (mrkn)
-  https://github.com/ruby/bigdecimal
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/bigdecimal
-[ext/cgi]
-  Nobuyoshi Nakada (nobu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/cgi
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/cgi
-[ext/date]
-  _unmaintained_
-  https://github.com/ruby/date
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/date
-[ext/etc]
-  Ruby core team
-  https://github.com/ruby/etc
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/etc
-[ext/fcntl]
-  Ruby core team
-  https://github.com/ruby/fcntl
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/fcntl
-[ext/fiddle]
-  Aaron Patterson (tenderlove)
-  https://github.com/ruby/fiddle
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/fiddle
-[ext/io/console]
-  Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/io-console
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/io-console
-[ext/io/nonblock]
-  Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/io-nonblock
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/io-nonblock
-[ext/io/wait]
-  Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/io-wait
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/io-wait
-[ext/json]
-  NARUSE, Yui (naruse), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/flori/json
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/json
-[ext/nkf]
-  NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
-  https://github.com/ruby/nkf
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/nkf
-[ext/openssl]
-  Kazuki Yamaguchi (rhe)
-  https://github.com/ruby/openssl
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/openssl
-[ext/pathname]
-  Tanaka Akira (akr)
-  https://github.com/ruby/pathname
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/pathname
-[ext/psych]
-  Aaron Patterson (tenderlove), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/ruby/psych
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/psych
-[ext/racc]
-  Aaron Patterson (tenderlove), Hiroshi SHIBATA (hsbt)
-  https://github.com/ruby/racc
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/racc
-[ext/readline]
-  TAKAO Kouji (kouji)
-  https://github.com/ruby/readline-ext
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/readline-ext
-[ext/stringio]
-  Nobuyuki Nakada (nobu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/stringio
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/stringio
-[ext/strscan]
-  Kouhei Sutou (kou)
-  https://github.com/ruby/strscan
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/strscan
-[ext/syslog]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-  https://github.com/ruby/syslog
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/syslog
-[ext/win32ole]
-  Masaki Suketa (suke)
-  https://github.com/ruby/win32ole
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/win32ole
-[ext/zlib]
-  NARUSE, Yui (naruse)
-  https://github.com/ruby/zlib
-  https://rubygems.org/gems/zlib
-
-== Bundled gems upstream repositories
-
-[minitest]
-  https://github.com/seattlerb/minitest
-[power_assert]
-  https://github.com/ruby/power_assert
-[rake]
-  https://github.com/ruby/rake
-[test-unit]
-  https://github.com/test-unit/test-unit
-[rexml]
-  https://github.com/ruby/rexml
-[rss]
-  https://github.com/ruby/rss
-[net-ftp]
-  https://github.com/ruby/net-ftp
-[net-imap]
-  https://github.com/ruby/net-imap
-[net-pop]
-  https://github.com/ruby/net-pop
-[net-smtp]
-  https://github.com/ruby/net-smtp
-[matrix]
-  https://github.com/ruby/matrix
-[prime]
-  https://github.com/ruby/prime
-[rbs]
-  https://github.com/ruby/rbs
-[typeprof]
-  https://github.com/ruby/typeprof
-
-=== Platform Maintainers
-
-[mswin64 (Microsoft Windows)]
-  NAKAMURA Usaku (usa)
-[mingw32 (Minimalist GNU for Windows)]
-  Nobuyoshi Nakada (nobu)
-[AIX]
-  Yutaka Kanemoto (kanemoto)
-[FreeBSD]
-  Akinori MUSHA (knu)
-[Solaris]
-  Naohisa Goto (ngoto)
-[RHEL, CentOS]
-  KOSAKI Motohiro (kosaki)
-[macOS]
-  Kenta Murata (mrkn)
-[OpenBSD]
-  Jeremy Evans (jeremyevans0)
-[cygwin, ...]
-  none. (Maintainer WANTED)
-[WebAssembly/WASI]
-  Yuta Saito (katei)
diff --git a/doc/net-http/examples.rdoc b/doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1366e7ad1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+Examples here assume that <tt>net/http</tt> has been required
+(which also requires +uri+):
+
+  require 'net/http'
+
+Many code examples here use these example websites:
+
+- https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com.
+- http://example.com.
+
+Some examples also assume these variables:
+
+  uri = URI('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/')
+  uri.freeze # Examples may not modify.
+  hostname = uri.hostname # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+  path = uri.path         # => "/"
+  port = uri.port         # => 443
+
+So that example requests may be written as:
+
+  Net::HTTP.get(uri)
+  Net::HTTP.get(hostname, '/index.html')
+  Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+    http.get('/todos/1')
+    http.get('/todos/2')
+  end
+
+An example that needs a modified URI first duplicates +uri+, then modifies the duplicate:
+
+  _uri = uri.dup
+  _uri.path = '/todos/1'
diff --git a/doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc b/doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ac327f4b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+This class also includes (indirectly) module Net::HTTPHeader,
+which gives access to its
+{methods for getting headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Getters].
diff --git a/doc/optparse/argument_converters.rdoc b/doc/optparse/argument_converters.rdoc
index ac659da8c5..4b4b30e8de 100644
--- a/doc/optparse/argument_converters.rdoc
+++ b/doc/optparse/argument_converters.rdoc
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 == Argument Converters
 
 An option can specify that its argument is to be converted
-from the default \String to an instance of another class.
+from the default +String+ to an instance of another class.
 
 === Contents
 
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ from the default \String to an instance of another class.
 
 === Built-In Argument Converters
 
-\OptionParser has a number of built-in argument converters,
++OptionParser+ has a number of built-in argument converters,
 which are demonstrated below.
 
-==== \Date
+==== +Date+
 
 File +date.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Date object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +Date+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Date#parse.
 
   :include: ruby/date.rb
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby date.rb --date "3rd Feb 2001"
   [#<Date: 2001-02-03 ((2451944j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>, Date]
 
-==== \DateTime
+==== +DateTime+
 
 File +datetime.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \DateTime object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +DateTime+ object.
 The argument is converted by method DateTime#parse.
 
   :include: ruby/datetime.rb
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby datetime.rb --datetime "3rd Feb 2001 04:05:06 PM"
   [#<DateTime: 2001-02-03T16:05:06+00:00 ((2451944j,57906s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>, DateTime]
 
-==== \Time
+==== +Time+
 
 File +time.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Time object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +Time+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Time#httpdate or Time#parse.
 
   :include: ruby/time.rb
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby time.rb --time 2010-10-31
   [2010-10-31 00:00:00 -0500, Time]
 
-==== \URI
+==== +URI+
 
 File +uri.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \URI object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +URI+ object.
 The argument is converted by method URI#parse.
 
   :include: ruby/uri.rb
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby uri.rb --uri file://~/var
   [#<URI::File file://~/var>, URI::File]
 
-==== \Shellwords
+==== +Shellwords+
 
 File +shellwords.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Array object by method
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an +Array+ object by method
 Shellwords#shellwords.
 
   :include: ruby/shellwords.rb
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby shellwords.rb --shellwords "here are 'two words'"
   [["here", "are", "two words"], Array]
 
-==== \Integer
+==== +Integer+
 
 File +integer.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an +Integer+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer.
 
   :include: ruby/integer.rb
@@ -132,10 +132,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby integer.rb --integer 0b100
   [4, Integer]
 
-==== \Float
+==== +Float+
 
 File +float.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Float object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +Float+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Kernel#Float.
 
   :include: ruby/float.rb
@@ -151,11 +151,11 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby float.rb --float 1.234E-2
   [0.01234, Float]
 
-==== \Numeric
+==== +Numeric+
 
 File +numeric.rb+
 defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an instance
-of \Rational, \Float, or \Integer.
+of +Rational+, +Float+, or +Integer+.
 The argument is converted by method Kernel#Rational,
 Kernel#Float, or Kernel#Integer.
 
@@ -170,10 +170,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby numeric.rb --numeric 3
   [3, Integer]
 
-==== \DecimalInteger
+==== +DecimalInteger+
 
 File +decimal_integer.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an +Integer+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer.
 
   :include: ruby/decimal_integer.rb
@@ -192,10 +192,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby decimal_integer.rb --decimal_integer -0100
   [-100, Integer]
 
-==== \OctalInteger
+==== +OctalInteger+
 
 File +octal_integer.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an +Integer+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer.
 
   :include: ruby/octal_integer.rb
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby octal_integer.rb --octal_integer 0100
   [64, Integer]
 
-==== \DecimalNumeric
+==== +DecimalNumeric+
 
 File +decimal_numeric.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an +Integer+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer
 
   :include: ruby/decimal_numeric.rb
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby decimal_numeric.rb --decimal_numeric 0100
   [64, Integer]
 
-==== \TrueClass
+==== +TrueClass+
 
 File +true_class.rb+
 defines an option whose argument is to be converted to +true+ or +false+.
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby true_class.rb --true_class nil
   [false, FalseClass]
 
-==== \FalseClass
+==== +FalseClass+
 
 File +false_class.rb+
 defines an option whose argument is to be converted to +true+ or +false+.
@@ -286,10 +286,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby false_class.rb --false_class +
   [true, TrueClass]
 
-==== \Object
+==== +Object+
 
 File +object.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is not to be converted from \String.
+defines an option whose argument is not to be converted from +String+.
 
   :include: ruby/object.rb
 
@@ -300,10 +300,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby object.rb --object nil
   ["nil", String]
 
-==== \String
+==== +String+
 
 File +string.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is not to be converted from \String.
+defines an option whose argument is not to be converted from +String+.
 
   :include: ruby/string.rb
 
@@ -314,10 +314,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby string.rb --string nil
   ["nil", String]
 
-==== \Array
+==== +Array+
 
 File +array.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted from \String
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted from +String+
 to an array of strings, based on comma-separated substrings.
 
   :include: ruby/array.rb
@@ -331,10 +331,10 @@ Executions:
   $ ruby array.rb --array "foo, bar, baz"
   [["foo", " bar", " baz"], Array]
 
-==== \Regexp
+==== +Regexp+
 
 File +regexp.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Regexp object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +Regexp+ object.
 
   :include: ruby/regexp.rb
 
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ To create a custom converter, call OptionParser#accept with:
 - A block that accepts the argument and returns the converted value.
 
 This custom converter accepts any argument and converts it,
-if possible, to a \Complex object.
+if possible, to a +Complex+ object.
 
   :include: ruby/custom_converter.rb
 
diff --git a/doc/optparse/option_params.rdoc b/doc/optparse/option_params.rdoc
index ace2c4283f..55f9b53dff 100644
--- a/doc/optparse/option_params.rdoc
+++ b/doc/optparse/option_params.rdoc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 == Parameters for New Options
 
-Option-creating methods in \OptionParser
+Option-creating methods in +OptionParser+
 accept arguments that determine the behavior of a new option:
 
 - OptionParser#on
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ Executions:
 === Argument Converters
 
 An option can specify that its argument is to be converted
-from the default \String to an instance of another class.
+from the default +String+ to an instance of another class.
 
 There are a number of built-in converters.
 You can also define custom converters.
diff --git a/doc/optparse/tutorial.rdoc b/doc/optparse/tutorial.rdoc
index b95089826d..b104379cf7 100644
--- a/doc/optparse/tutorial.rdoc
+++ b/doc/optparse/tutorial.rdoc
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 == Tutorial
 
-=== Why \OptionParser?
+=== Why +OptionParser+?
 
 When a Ruby program executes, it captures its command-line arguments
 and options into variable ARGV.
-This simple program just prints its \ARGV:
+This simple program just prints its +ARGV+:
 
   :include: ruby/argv.rb
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ the command-line options.
 
 OptionParser offers methods for parsing and handling those options.
 
-With \OptionParser, you can define options so that for each option:
+With +OptionParser+, you can define options so that for each option:
 
 - The code that defines the option and code that handles that option
   are in the same place.
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ The class also has method #help, which displays automatically-generated help tex
 - {Argument Converters}[#label-Argument+Converters]
 - {Help}[#label-Help]
 - {Top List and Base List}[#label-Top+List+and+Base+List]
-- {Defining Options}[#label-Defining+Options]
+- {Methods for Defining Options}[#label-Methods+for+Defining+Options]
 - {Parsing}[#label-Parsing]
   - {Method parse!}[#label-Method+parse-21]
   - {Method parse}[#label-Method+parse]
@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ The class also has method #help, which displays automatically-generated help tex
 
 === To Begin With
 
-To use \OptionParser:
+To use +OptionParser+:
 
-1. Require the \OptionParser code.
-2. Create an \OptionParser object.
+1. Require the +OptionParser+ code.
+2. Create an +OptionParser+ object.
 3. Define one or more options.
 4. Parse the command line.
 
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ the block defined for the option is called with the argument value.
 An invalid option raises an exception.
 
 Method #parse!, which is used most often in this tutorial,
-removes from \ARGV the options and arguments it finds,
+removes from +ARGV+ the options and arguments it finds,
 leaving other non-option arguments for the program to handle on its own.
-The method returns the possibly-reduced \ARGV array.
+The method returns the possibly-reduced +ARGV+ array.
 
 Executions:
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Executions:
 
 === Defining Options
 
-A common way to define an option in \OptionParser
+A common way to define an option in +OptionParser+
 is with instance method OptionParser#on.
 
 The method may be called with any number of arguments
@@ -522,11 +522,11 @@ Executions:
 === Argument Converters
 
 An option can specify that its argument is to be converted
-from the default \String to an instance of another class.
+from the default +String+ to an instance of another class.
 There are a number of built-in converters.
 
 Example: File +date.rb+
-defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Date object.
+defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a +Date+ object.
 The argument is converted by method Date#parse.
 
   :include: ruby/date.rb
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ for both built-in and custom converters.
 
 === Help
 
-\OptionParser makes automatically generated help text available.
++OptionParser+ makes automatically generated help text available.
 
 The help text consists of:
 
@@ -614,49 +614,49 @@ Execution:
 
 === Top List and Base List
 
-An \OptionParser object maintains a stack of \OptionParser::List objects,
+An +OptionParser+ object maintains a stack of OptionParser::List objects,
 each of which has a collection of zero or more options.
 It is unlikely that you'll need to add or take away from that stack.
 
 The stack includes:
 
-- The <em>top list</em>, given by \OptionParser#top.
-- The <em>base list</em>, given by \OptionParser#base.
+- The <em>top list</em>, given by OptionParser#top.
+- The <em>base list</em>, given by OptionParser#base.
 
-When \OptionParser builds its help text, the options in the top list
+When +OptionParser+ builds its help text, the options in the top list
 precede those in the base list.
 
-=== Defining Options
+=== Methods for Defining Options
 
 Option-defining methods allow you to create an option, and also append/prepend it
 to the top list or append it to the base list.
 
 Each of these next three methods accepts a sequence of parameter arguments and a block,
-creates an option object using method \Option#make_switch (see below),
+creates an option object using method OptionParser#make_switch (see below),
 and returns the created option:
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#define appends the created option to the top list.
+- \Method OptionParser#define appends the created option to the top list.
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#define_head prepends the created option to the top list.
+- \Method OptionParser#define_head prepends the created option to the top list.
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#define_tail appends the created option to the base list.
+- \Method OptionParser#define_tail appends the created option to the base list.
 
 These next three methods are identical to the three above,
 except for their return values:
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#on is identical to method \OptionParser#define,
+- \Method OptionParser#on is identical to method OptionParser#define,
   except that it returns the parser object +self+.
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#on_head is identical to method \OptionParser#define_head,
+- \Method OptionParser#on_head is identical to method OptionParser#define_head,
   except that it returns the parser object +self+.
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#on_tail is identical to method \OptionParser#define_tail,
+- \Method OptionParser#on_tail is identical to method OptionParser#define_tail,
   except that it returns the parser object +self+.
 
 Though you may never need to call it directly,
 here's the core method for defining an option:
 
-- \Method \OptionParser#make_switch accepts an array of parameters and a block.
+- \Method OptionParser#make_switch accepts an array of parameters and a block.
   See {Parameters for New Options}[optparse/option_params.rdoc].
   This method is unlike others here in that it:
   - Accepts an <em>array of parameters</em>;
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ here's the core method for defining an option:
 
 === Parsing
 
-\OptionParser has six instance methods for parsing.
++OptionParser+ has six instance methods for parsing.
 
 Three have names ending with a "bang" (<tt>!</tt>):
 
@@ -699,9 +699,9 @@ Each of these methods:
   (see {Keyword Argument into}[#label-Keyword+Argument+into]).
 - Returns +argv+, possibly with some elements removed.
 
-==== \Method parse!
+==== \Method +parse!+
 
-\Method parse!:
+\Method +parse!+:
 
 - Accepts an optional array of string arguments +argv+;
   if not given, +argv+ defaults to the value of OptionParser#default_argv,
@@ -756,9 +756,9 @@ Processing ended by non-option found when +POSIXLY_CORRECT+ is defined:
   ["--xxx", true]
   Returned: ["input_file.txt", "output_file.txt", "-yyy", "FOO"] (Array)
 
-==== \Method parse
+==== \Method +parse+
 
-\Method parse:
+\Method +parse+:
 
 - Accepts an array of string arguments
   _or_ zero or more string arguments.
@@ -810,25 +810,25 @@ Processing ended by non-option found when +POSIXLY_CORRECT+ is defined:
   ["--xxx", true]
   Returned: ["input_file.txt", "output_file.txt", "-yyy", "FOO"] (Array)
 
-==== \Method order!
+==== \Method +order!+
 
 Calling method OptionParser#order! gives exactly the same result as
 calling method OptionParser#parse! with environment variable
 +POSIXLY_CORRECT+ defined.
 
-==== \Method order
+==== \Method +order+
 
 Calling method OptionParser#order gives exactly the same result as
 calling method OptionParser#parse with environment variable
 +POSIXLY_CORRECT+ defined.
 
-==== \Method permute!
+==== \Method +permute!+
 
 Calling method OptionParser#permute! gives exactly the same result as
 calling method OptionParser#parse! with environment variable
 +POSIXLY_CORRECT+ _not_ defined.
 
-==== \Method permute
+==== \Method +permute+
 
 Calling method OptionParser#permute gives exactly the same result as
 calling method OptionParser#parse with environment variable
diff --git a/doc/packed_data.rdoc b/doc/packed_data.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59d8c99a3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/packed_data.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+= Packed \Data
+
+Certain Ruby core methods deal with packing and unpacking data:
+
+- \Method Array#pack:
+  Formats each element in array +self+ into a binary string;
+  returns that string.
+- \Method String#unpack:
+  Extracts data from string +self+,
+  forming objects that become the elements of a new array;
+  returns that array.
+- \Method String#unpack1:
+  Does the same, but unpacks and returns only the first extracted object.
+
+Each of these methods accepts a string +template+,
+consisting of zero or more _directive_ characters,
+each followed by zero or more _modifier_ characters.
+
+Examples (directive <tt>'C'</tt> specifies 'unsigned character'):
+
+  [65].pack('C')      # => "A"  # One element, one directive.
+  [65, 66].pack('CC') # => "AB" # Two elements, two directives.
+  [65, 66].pack('C')  # => "A"  # Extra element is ignored.
+  [65].pack('')       # => ""   # No directives.
+  [65].pack('CC')               # Extra directive raises ArgumentError.
+
+  'A'.unpack('C')   # => [65]      # One character, one directive.
+  'AB'.unpack('CC') # => [65, 66]  # Two characters, two directives.
+  'AB'.unpack('C')  # => [65]      # Extra character is ignored.
+  'A'.unpack('CC')  # => [65, nil] # Extra directive generates nil.
+  'AB'.unpack('')   # => []        # No directives.
+
+The string +template+ may contain any mixture of valid directives
+(directive <tt>'c'</tt> specifies 'signed character'):
+
+  [65, -1].pack('cC')  # => "A\xFF"
+  "A\xFF".unpack('cC') # => [65, 255]
+
+The string +template+ may contain whitespace (which is ignored)
+and comments, each of which begins with character <tt>'#'</tt>
+and continues up to and including the next following newline:
+
+  [0,1].pack("  C  #foo \n  C  ")    # => "\x00\x01"
+  "\0\1".unpack("  C  #foo \n  C  ") # => [0, 1]
+
+Any directive may be followed by either of these modifiers:
+
+- <tt>'*'</tt> - The directive is to be applied as many times as needed:
+
+    [65, 66].pack('C*') # => "AB"
+    'AB'.unpack('C*')   # => [65, 66]
+
+- Integer +count+ - The directive is to be applied +count+ times:
+
+    [65, 66].pack('C2') # => "AB"
+    [65, 66].pack('C3') # Raises ArgumentError.
+    'AB'.unpack('C2')   # => [65, 66]
+    'AB'.unpack('C3')   # => [65, 66, nil]
+
+  Note: Directives in <tt>%w[A a Z m]</tt> use +count+ differently;
+  see {String Directives}[rdoc-ref:packed_data.rdoc@String+Directives].
+
+If elements don't fit the provided directive, only least significant bits are encoded:
+
+    [257].pack("C").unpack("C") # => [1]
+
+== Packing \Method
+
+\Method Array#pack accepts optional keyword argument
++buffer+ that specifies the target string (instead of a new string):
+
+  [65, 66].pack('C*', buffer: 'foo') # => "fooAB"
+
+The method can accept a block:
+
+  # Packed string is passed to the block.
+  [65, 66].pack('C*') {|s| p s }    # => "AB"
+
+== Unpacking Methods
+
+Methods String#unpack and String#unpack1 each accept
+an optional keyword argument +offset+ that specifies an offset
+into the string:
+
+  'ABC'.unpack('C*', offset: 1)  # => [66, 67]
+  'ABC'.unpack1('C*', offset: 1) # => 66
+
+Both methods can accept a block:
+
+  # Each unpacked object is passed to the block.
+  ret = []
+  "ABCD".unpack("C*") {|c| ret << c }
+  ret # => [65, 66, 67, 68]
+
+  # The single unpacked object is passed to the block.
+  'AB'.unpack1('C*') {|ele| p ele } # => 65
+
+== \Integer Directives
+
+Each integer directive specifies the packing or unpacking
+for one element in the input or output array.
+
+=== 8-Bit \Integer Directives
+
+- <tt>'c'</tt> - 8-bit signed integer
+  (like C <tt>signed char</tt>):
+
+    [0, 1, 255].pack('c*')  # => "\x00\x01\xFF"
+    s = [0, 1, -1].pack('c*') # => "\x00\x01\xFF"
+    s.unpack('c*') # => [0, 1, -1]
+
+- <tt>'C'</tt> - 8-bit unsigned integer
+  (like C <tt>unsigned char</tt>):
+
+    [0, 1, 255].pack('C*')    # => "\x00\x01\xFF"
+    s = [0, 1, -1].pack('C*') # => "\x00\x01\xFF"
+    s.unpack('C*')            # => [0, 1, 255]
+
+=== 16-Bit \Integer Directives
+
+- <tt>'s'</tt> - 16-bit signed integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>int16_t</tt>):
+
+    [513, -514].pack('s*')      # => "\x01\x02\xFE\xFD"
+    s = [513, 65022].pack('s*') # => "\x01\x02\xFE\xFD"
+    s.unpack('s*')              # => [513, -514]
+
+- <tt>'S'</tt> - 16-bit unsigned integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>uint16_t</tt>):
+
+    [513, -514].pack('S*')      # => "\x01\x02\xFE\xFD"
+    s = [513, 65022].pack('S*') # => "\x01\x02\xFE\xFD"
+    s.unpack('S*')              # => [513, 65022]
+
+- <tt>'n'</tt> - 16-bit network integer, big-endian:
+
+    s = [0, 1, -1, 32767, -32768, 65535].pack('n*')
+    # => "\x00\x00\x00\x01\xFF\xFF\x7F\xFF\x80\x00\xFF\xFF"
+    s.unpack('n*')
+    # => [0, 1, 65535, 32767, 32768, 65535]
+
+- <tt>'v'</tt> - 16-bit VAX integer, little-endian:
+
+    s = [0, 1, -1, 32767, -32768, 65535].pack('v*')
+    # => "\x00\x00\x01\x00\xFF\xFF\xFF\x7F\x00\x80\xFF\xFF"
+    s.unpack('v*')
+    # => [0, 1, 65535, 32767, 32768, 65535]
+
+=== 32-Bit \Integer Directives
+
+- <tt>'l'</tt> - 32-bit signed integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>int32_t</tt>):
+
+    s = [67305985, -50462977].pack('l*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC"
+    s.unpack('l*')
+    # => [67305985, -50462977]
+
+- <tt>'L'</tt> - 32-bit unsigned integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>uint32_t</tt>):
+
+    s = [67305985, 4244504319].pack('L*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC"
+    s.unpack('L*')
+    # => [67305985, 4244504319]
+
+- <tt>'N'</tt> - 32-bit network integer, big-endian:
+
+    s = [0,1,-1].pack('N*')
+    # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF"
+    s.unpack('N*')
+    # => [0, 1, 4294967295]
+
+- <tt>'V'</tt> - 32-bit VAX integer, little-endian:
+
+    s = [0,1,-1].pack('V*')
+    # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF"
+    s.unpack('v*')
+    # => [0, 0, 1, 0, 65535, 65535]
+
+=== 64-Bit \Integer Directives
+
+- <tt>'q'</tt> - 64-bit signed integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>int64_t</tt>):
+
+    s = [578437695752307201, -506097522914230529].pack('q*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\a\b\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC\xFB\xFA\xF9\xF8"
+    s.unpack('q*')
+    # => [578437695752307201, -506097522914230529]
+
+- <tt>'Q'</tt> - 64-bit unsigned integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>uint64_t</tt>):
+
+    s = [578437695752307201, 17940646550795321087].pack('Q*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\a\b\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC\xFB\xFA\xF9\xF8"
+    s.unpack('Q*')
+    # => [578437695752307201, 17940646550795321087]
+
+=== Platform-Dependent \Integer Directives
+
+- <tt>'i'</tt> - Platform-dependent width signed integer,
+  native-endian (like C <tt>int</tt>):
+
+    s = [67305985, -50462977].pack('i*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC"
+    s.unpack('i*')
+    # => [67305985, -50462977]
+
+- <tt>'I'</tt> - Platform-dependent width unsigned integer,
+  native-endian (like C <tt>unsigned int</tt>):
+
+    s = [67305985, -50462977].pack('I*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC"
+    s.unpack('I*')
+    # => [67305985, 4244504319]
+
+- <tt>'j'</tt> - Pointer-width signed integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>intptr_t</tt>):
+
+    s = [67305985, -50462977].pack('j*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF"
+    s.unpack('j*')
+    # => [67305985, -50462977]
+
+- <tt>'J'</tt> - Pointer-width unsigned integer, native-endian
+  (like C <tt>uintptr_t</tt>):
+
+    s = [67305985, 4244504319].pack('J*')
+    # => "\x01\x02\x03\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\xFF\xFE\xFD\xFC\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+    s.unpack('J*')
+    # => [67305985, 4244504319]
+
+=== Other \Integer Directives
+
+- <tt>'U'</tt> - UTF-8 character:
+
+    s = [4194304].pack('U*')
+    # => "\xF8\x90\x80\x80\x80"
+    s.unpack('U*')
+    # => [4194304]
+
+- <tt>'w'</tt> - BER-encoded integer
+  (see {BER enocding}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.690#BER_encoding]):
+
+    s = [1073741823].pack('w*')
+    # => "\x83\xFF\xFF\xFF\x7F"
+    s.unpack('w*')
+    # => [1073741823]
+
+=== Modifiers for \Integer Directives
+
+For the following directives, <tt>'!'</tt> or <tt>'_'</tt> modifiers may be
+suffixed as underlying platform’s native size.
+
+- <tt>'i'</tt>, <tt>'I'</tt> - C <tt>int</tt>, always native size.
+- <tt>'s'</tt>, <tt>'S'</tt> - C <tt>short</tt>.
+- <tt>'l'</tt>, <tt>'L'</tt> - C <tt>long</tt>.
+- <tt>'q'</tt>, <tt>'Q'</tt> - C <tt>long long</tt>, if available.
+- <tt>'j'</tt>, <tt>'J'</tt> - C <tt>intptr_t</tt>, always native size.
+
+Native size modifiers are silently ignored for always native size directives.
+
+The endian modifiers also may be suffixed in the directives above:
+
+- <tt>'>'</tt> - Big-endian.
+- <tt>'<'</tt> - Little-endian.
+
+== \Float Directives
+
+Each float directive specifies the packing or unpacking
+for one element in the input or output array.
+
+=== Single-Precision \Float Directives
+
+- <tt>'F'</tt> or <tt>'f'</tt> - Native format:
+
+    s = [3.0].pack('F') # => "\x00\x00@@"
+    s.unpack('F')       # => [3.0]
+
+- <tt>'e'</tt> - Little-endian:
+
+    s = [3.0].pack('e') # => "\x00\x00@@"
+    s.unpack('e')       # => [3.0]
+
+- <tt>'g'</tt> - Big-endian:
+
+    s = [3.0].pack('g') # => "@@\x00\x00"
+    s.unpack('g')       # => [3.0]
+
+=== Double-Precision \Float Directives
+
+- <tt>'D'</tt> or <tt>'d'</tt> - Native format:
+
+    s = [3.0].pack('D') # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\b@"
+    s.unpack('D')       # => [3.0]
+
+- <tt>'E'</tt> - Little-endian:
+
+    s = [3.0].pack('E') # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\b@"
+    s.unpack('E')       # => [3.0]
+
+- <tt>'G'</tt> - Big-endian:
+
+    s = [3.0].pack('G') # => "@\b\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+    s.unpack('G')       # => [3.0]
+
+A float directive may be infinity or not-a-number:
+
+  inf = 1.0/0.0                  # => Infinity
+  [inf].pack('f')                # => "\x00\x00\x80\x7F"
+  "\x00\x00\x80\x7F".unpack('f') # => [Infinity]
+
+  nan = inf/inf                  # => NaN
+  [nan].pack('f')                # => "\x00\x00\xC0\x7F"
+  "\x00\x00\xC0\x7F".unpack('f') # => [NaN]
+
+== \String Directives
+
+Each string directive specifies the packing or unpacking
+for one byte in the input or output string.
+
+=== Binary \String Directives
+
+- <tt>'A'</tt> - Arbitrary binary string (space padded; count is width);
+  +nil+ is treated as the empty string:
+
+    ['foo'].pack('A')    # => "f"
+    ['foo'].pack('A*')   # => "foo"
+    ['foo'].pack('A2')   # => "fo"
+    ['foo'].pack('A4')   # => "foo "
+    [nil].pack('A')      # => " "
+    [nil].pack('A*')     # => ""
+    [nil].pack('A2')     # => "  "
+    [nil].pack('A4')     # => "    "
+
+    "foo\0".unpack('A')      # => ["f"]
+    "foo\0".unpack('A4')     # => ["foo"]
+    "foo\0bar".unpack('A10') # => ["foo\x00bar"] # Reads past "\0".
+    "foo ".unpack('A')       # => ["f"]
+    "foo ".unpack('A4')      # => ["foo"]
+    "foo".unpack('A4')       # => ["foo"]
+
+    russian = "\u{442 435 441 442}" # => "тест"
+    russian.size         # => 4
+    russian.bytesize     # => 8
+    [russian].pack('A')  # => "\xD1"
+    [russian].pack('A*') # => "\xD1\x82\xD0\xB5\xD1\x81\xD1\x82"
+    russian.unpack('A')  # => ["\xD1"]
+    russian.unpack('A2') # => ["\xD1\x82"]
+    russian.unpack('A4') # => ["\xD1\x82\xD0\xB5"]
+    russian.unpack('A*') # => ["\xD1\x82\xD0\xB5\xD1\x81\xD1\x82"]
+
+- <tt>'a'</tt> - Arbitrary binary string (null padded; count is width):
+
+    ["foo"].pack('a')    # => "f"
+    ["foo"].pack('a*')   # => "foo"
+    ["foo"].pack('a2')   # => "fo"
+    ["foo\0"].pack('a4') # => "foo\x00"
+    [nil].pack('a')      # => "\x00"
+    [nil].pack('a*')     # => ""
+    [nil].pack('a2')     # => "\x00\x00"
+    [nil].pack('a4')     # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+
+    "foo\0".unpack('a')     # => ["f"]
+    "foo\0".unpack('a4')    # => ["foo\x00"]
+    "foo ".unpack('a4')     # => ["foo "]
+    "foo".unpack('a4')      # => ["foo"]
+    "foo\0bar".unpack('a4') # => ["foo\x00"] # Reads past "\0".
+
+- <tt>'Z'</tt> - Same as <tt>'a'</tt>,
+  except that null is added or ignored with <tt>'*'</tt>:
+
+    ["foo"].pack('Z*')   # => "foo\x00"
+    [nil].pack('Z*')     # => "\x00"
+
+    "foo\0".unpack('Z*')    # => ["foo"]
+    "foo".unpack('Z*')      # => ["foo"]
+    "foo\0bar".unpack('Z*') # => ["foo"] # Does not read past "\0".
+
+=== Bit \String Directives
+
+- <tt>'B'</tt> - Bit string (high byte first):
+
+    ['11111111' + '00000000'].pack('B*') # => "\xFF\x00"
+    ['10000000' + '01000000'].pack('B*') # => "\x80@"
+
+    ['1'].pack('B0') # => ""
+    ['1'].pack('B1') # => "\x80"
+    ['1'].pack('B2') # => "\x80\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('B3') # => "\x80\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('B4') # => "\x80\x00\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('B5') # => "\x80\x00\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('B6') # => "\x80\x00\x00\x00"
+
+    "\xff\x00".unpack("B*") # => ["1111111100000000"]
+    "\x01\x02".unpack("B*") # => ["0000000100000010"]
+
+    "".unpack("B0")     # => [""]
+    "\x80".unpack("B1") # => ["1"]
+    "\x80".unpack("B2") # => ["10"]
+    "\x80".unpack("B3") # => ["100"]
+
+- <tt>'b'</tt> - Bit string (low byte first):
+
+    ['11111111' + '00000000'].pack('b*') # => "\xFF\x00"
+    ['10000000' + '01000000'].pack('b*') # => "\x01\x02"
+
+    ['1'].pack('b0') # => ""
+    ['1'].pack('b1') # => "\x01"
+    ['1'].pack('b2') # => "\x01\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('b3') # => "\x01\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('b4') # => "\x01\x00\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('b5') # => "\x01\x00\x00"
+    ['1'].pack('b6') # => "\x01\x00\x00\x00"
+
+    "\xff\x00".unpack("b*") # => ["1111111100000000"]
+    "\x01\x02".unpack("b*") # => ["1000000001000000"]
+
+    "".unpack("b0")     # => [""]
+    "\x01".unpack("b1") # => ["1"]
+    "\x01".unpack("b2") # => ["10"]
+    "\x01".unpack("b3") # => ["100"]
+
+=== Hex \String Directives
+
+- <tt>'H'</tt> - Hex string (high nibble first):
+
+    ['10ef'].pack('H*')    # => "\x10\xEF"
+    ['10ef'].pack('H0')    # => ""
+    ['10ef'].pack('H3')    # => "\x10\xE0"
+    ['10ef'].pack('H5')    # => "\x10\xEF\x00"
+
+    ['fff'].pack('H3')    # => "\xFF\xF0"
+    ['fff'].pack('H4')    # => "\xFF\xF0"
+    ['fff'].pack('H5')    # => "\xFF\xF0\x00"
+    ['fff'].pack('H6')    # => "\xFF\xF0\x00"
+    ['fff'].pack('H7')    # => "\xFF\xF0\x00\x00"
+    ['fff'].pack('H8')    # => "\xFF\xF0\x00\x00"
+
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H*')    # => ["10ef"]
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H0')    # => [""]
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H1')    # => ["1"]
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H2')    # => ["10"]
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H3')    # => ["10e"]
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H4')    # => ["10ef"]
+    "\x10\xef".unpack('H5')    # => ["10ef"]
+
+- <tt>'h'</tt> - Hex string (low nibble first):
+
+    ['10ef'].pack('h*') # => "\x01\xFE"
+    ['10ef'].pack('h0') # => ""
+    ['10ef'].pack('h3') # => "\x01\x0E"
+    ['10ef'].pack('h5') # => "\x01\xFE\x00"
+
+    ['fff'].pack('h3') # => "\xFF\x0F"
+    ['fff'].pack('h4') # => "\xFF\x0F"
+    ['fff'].pack('h5') # => "\xFF\x0F\x00"
+    ['fff'].pack('h6') # => "\xFF\x0F\x00"
+    ['fff'].pack('h7') # => "\xFF\x0F\x00\x00"
+    ['fff'].pack('h8') # => "\xFF\x0F\x00\x00"
+
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h*') # => ["10ef"]
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h0') # => [""]
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h1') # => ["1"]
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h2') # => ["10"]
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h3') # => ["10e"]
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h4') # => ["10ef"]
+    "\x01\xfe".unpack('h5') # => ["10ef"]
+
+=== Pointer \String Directives
+
+- <tt>'P'</tt> - Pointer to a structure (fixed-length string):
+
+    s = ['abc'].pack('P')  # => "\xE0O\x7F\xE5\xA1\x01\x00\x00"
+    s.unpack('P*')         # => ["abc"]
+    ".".unpack("P")        # => []
+    ("\0" * 8).unpack("P") # => [nil]
+    [nil].pack("P")        # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+
+- <tt>'p'</tt> - Pointer to a null-terminated string:
+
+    s = ['abc'].pack('p')  # => "(\xE4u\xE5\xA1\x01\x00\x00"
+    s.unpack('p*')         # => ["abc"]
+    ".".unpack("p")        # => []
+    ("\0" * 8).unpack("p") # => [nil]
+    [nil].pack("p")        # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+
+=== Other \String Directives
+
+- <tt>'M'</tt> - Quoted printable, MIME encoding;
+  text mode, but input must use LF and output LF;
+  (see {RFC 2045}[https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt]):
+
+    ["a b c\td \ne"].pack('M') # => "a b c\td =\n\ne=\n"
+    ["\0"].pack('M')           # => "=00=\n"
+
+    ["a"*1023].pack('M') == ("a"*73+"=\n")*14+"a=\n"     # => true
+    ("a"*73+"=\na=\n").unpack('M') == ["a"*74]           # => true
+    (("a"*73+"=\n")*14+"a=\n").unpack('M') == ["a"*1023] # => true
+
+    "a b c\td =\n\ne=\n".unpack('M')    # => ["a b c\td \ne"]
+    "=00=\n".unpack('M')    # => ["\x00"]
+
+    "pre=31=32=33after".unpack('M') # => ["pre123after"]
+    "pre=\nafter".unpack('M')       # => ["preafter"]
+    "pre=\r\nafter".unpack('M')     # => ["preafter"]
+    "pre=".unpack('M')              # => ["pre="]
+    "pre=\r".unpack('M')            # => ["pre=\r"]
+    "pre=hoge".unpack('M')          # => ["pre=hoge"]
+    "pre==31after".unpack('M')      # => ["pre==31after"]
+    "pre===31after".unpack('M')     # => ["pre===31after"]
+
+- <tt>'m'</tt> - Base64 encoded string;
+  count specifies input bytes between each newline,
+  rounded down to nearest multiple of 3;
+  if count is zero, no newlines are added;
+  (see {RFC 4648}[https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4648.txt]):
+
+    [""].pack('m')             # => ""
+    ["\0"].pack('m')           # => "AA==\n"
+    ["\0\0"].pack('m')         # => "AAA=\n"
+    ["\0\0\0"].pack('m')       # => "AAAA\n"
+    ["\377"].pack('m')         # => "/w==\n"
+    ["\377\377"].pack('m')     # => "//8=\n"
+    ["\377\377\377"].pack('m') # => "////\n"
+
+    "".unpack('m')       # => [""]
+    "AA==\n".unpack('m') # => ["\x00"]
+    "AAA=\n".unpack('m') # => ["\x00\x00"]
+    "AAAA\n".unpack('m') # => ["\x00\x00\x00"]
+    "/w==\n".unpack('m') # => ["\xFF"]
+    "//8=\n".unpack('m') # => ["\xFF\xFF"]
+    "////\n".unpack('m') # => ["\xFF\xFF\xFF"]
+    "A\n".unpack('m')    # => [""]
+    "AA\n".unpack('m')   # => ["\x00"]
+    "AA=\n".unpack('m')  # => ["\x00"]
+    "AAA\n".unpack('m')  # => ["\x00\x00"]
+
+    [""].pack('m0')             # => ""
+    ["\0"].pack('m0')           # => "AA=="
+    ["\0\0"].pack('m0')         # => "AAA="
+    ["\0\0\0"].pack('m0')       # => "AAAA"
+    ["\377"].pack('m0')         # => "/w=="
+    ["\377\377"].pack('m0')     # => "//8="
+    ["\377\377\377"].pack('m0') # => "////"
+
+    "".unpack('m0')     # => [""]
+    "AA==".unpack('m0') # => ["\x00"]
+    "AAA=".unpack('m0') # => ["\x00\x00"]
+    "AAAA".unpack('m0') # => ["\x00\x00\x00"]
+    "/w==".unpack('m0') # => ["\xFF"]
+    "//8=".unpack('m0') # => ["\xFF\xFF"]
+    "////".unpack('m0') # => ["\xFF\xFF\xFF"]
+
+- <tt>'u'</tt> - UU-encoded string:
+
+    [0].pack("U")          # => "\u0000"
+    [0x3fffffff].pack("U") # => "\xFC\xBF\xBF\xBF\xBF\xBF"
+    [0x40000000].pack("U") # => "\xFD\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
+    [0x7fffffff].pack("U") # => "\xFD\xBF\xBF\xBF\xBF\xBF"
+
+== Offset Directives
+
+- <tt>'@'</tt> - Begin packing at the given byte offset;
+  for packing, null fill if necessary:
+
+    [1, 2].pack("C@0C") # => "\x02"
+    [1, 2].pack("C@1C") # => "\x01\x02"
+    [1, 2].pack("C@5C") # => "\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02"
+
+    "\x01\x00\x00\x02".unpack("C@3C") # => [1, 2]
+    "\x00".unpack("@1C")              # => [nil]
+
+- <tt>'X'</tt> - Back up a byte:
+
+    [0, 1, 2].pack("CCXC")    # => "\x00\x02"
+    [0, 1, 2].pack("CCX2C")   # => "\x02"
+    "\x00\x02".unpack("CCXC") # => [0, 2, 2]
+
+== Null Byte Direcive
+
+- <tt>'x'</tt> - Null byte:
+
+    [].pack("x0")                # => ""
+    [].pack("x")                 # => "\x00"
+    [].pack("x8")                # => "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+    "\x00\x00\x02".unpack("CxC") # => [0, 2]
diff --git a/doc/ractor.md b/doc/ractor.md
index 843754c263..3ead510501 100644
--- a/doc/ractor.md
+++ b/doc/ractor.md
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ TODO: `select` syntax of go-language uses round-robin technique to make fair sch
 
 * `Ractor#close_incoming/outgoing` close incoming/outgoing ports (similar to `Queue#close`).
 * `Ractor#close_incoming`
-  * `r.send(obj) ` where `r`'s incoming port is closed, will raise an exception.
+  * `r.send(obj)` where `r`'s incoming port is closed, will raise an exception.
   * When the incoming queue is empty and incoming port is closed, `Ractor.receive` raises an exception. If the incoming queue is not empty, it dequeues an object without exceptions.
 * `Ractor#close_outgoing`
   * `Ractor.yield` on a Ractor which closed the outgoing port, it will raise an exception.
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ The following objects are shareable.
 
 Implementation: Now shareable objects (`RVALUE`) have `FL_SHAREABLE` flag. This flag can be added lazily.
 
-To make shareable objects, `Ractor.make_shareable(obj)` method is provided. In this case, try to make sharaeble by freezing `obj` and recursively travasible objects. This method accepts `copy:` keyword (default value is false).`Ractor.make_shareable(obj, copy: true)` tries to make a deep copy of `obj` and make the copied object shareable.
+To make shareable objects, `Ractor.make_shareable(obj)` method is provided. In this case, try to make sharaeble by freezing `obj` and recursively traversable objects. This method accepts `copy:` keyword (default value is false).`Ractor.make_shareable(obj, copy: true)` tries to make a deep copy of `obj` and make the copied object shareable.
 
 ## Language changes to isolate unshareable objects between Ractors
 
@@ -705,8 +705,8 @@ TABLE = {a: 'ko1', b: 'ko2', c: 'ko3'}
 
 * none: Do nothing. Same as: `CONST = expr`
 * literal:
-  * if `expr` is consites of literals, replaced to `CONST = Ractor.make_shareable(expr)`.
-  * otherwise: replaced to `CONST = expr.tap{|o| raise unless Ractor.shareable?}`.
+  * if `expr` consists of literals, replaced to `CONST = Ractor.make_shareable(expr)`.
+  * otherwise: replaced to `CONST = expr.tap{|o| raise unless Ractor.shareable?(o)}`.
 * experimental_everything: replaced to `CONST = Ractor.make_shareable(expr)`.
 * experimental_copy: replaced to `CONST = Ractor.make_shareable(expr, copy: true)`.
 
diff --git a/doc/rdoc/markup_reference.rb b/doc/rdoc/markup_reference.rb
index 66ec6786c0..a1bbe13e2d 100644
--- a/doc/rdoc/markup_reference.rb
+++ b/doc/rdoc/markup_reference.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ require 'rdoc'
 # - Single-line or multi-line comments that precede certain definitions;
 #   see {Markup in Comments}[rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Markup+in+Comments].
 # - \RDoc directives in trailing comments (on the same line as code);
-#   see <tt>:nodoc:</tt>, <tt>:doc:</tt>, and <tt>:notnew</tt>.
+#   see <tt>:nodoc:</tt>, <tt>:doc:</tt>, and <tt>:notnew:</tt>.
 # - \RDoc directives in single-line comments;
 #   see other {Directives}[rdoc-ref:RDoc::MarkupReference@Directives].
 # - The Ruby code itself (but not from C code);
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ require 'rdoc'
 # In a multi-line comment,
 # \RDoc looks for the comment's natural left margin,
 # which becomes the <em>base margin</em> for the comment
-# and is the initial <em>current margin</em> for for the comment.
+# and is the initial <em>current margin</em> for the comment.
 #
 # The current margin can change, and does so, for example in a list.
 #
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ require 'rdoc'
 #
 # ===== Lettered Lists
 #
-# A numbered list item begins with a letters and a period.
+# A lettered list item begins with letters and a period.
 #
 # The items are automatically "re-lettered."
 #
@@ -467,8 +467,32 @@ require 'rdoc'
 #
 #   - Appended to a line of code
 #     that defines a class, module, method, alias, constant, or attribute.
+#
 #   - Specifies that the defined object should not be documented.
 #
+#   - For method definitions in C code, it must be placed before the
+#     implementation:
+#
+#         /* :nodoc: */
+#         static VALUE
+#         some_method(VALUE self)
+#         {
+#             return self;
+#         }
+#
+#     Note that this directive has <em>no effect at all</em> at method
+#     definition places.  E.g.,
+#
+#         /* :nodoc: */
+#         rb_define_method(cMyClass, "do_something", something_func, 0);
+#
+#     The above comment is just a comment and has nothing to do with \RDoc.
+#     Therefore, +do_something+ method will be reported as "undocumented"
+#     unless that method or function is documented elsewhere.
+#
+#   - For constant definitions in C code, this directive <em>can not work</em>
+#     because there is no "implementation" place for constants.
+#
 # - <tt># :nodoc: all</tt>:
 #
 #   - Appended to a line of code
@@ -502,8 +526,8 @@ require 'rdoc'
 #   #++
 #   # Documented.
 #
-# For C code, any of directives <tt>:startdoc:</tt>, <tt>:enddoc:</tt>,
-# and <tt>:nodoc:</tt> may appear in a stand-alone comment:
+# For C code, any of directives <tt>:startdoc:</tt>, <tt>:stopdoc:</tt>,
+# and <tt>:enddoc:</tt> may appear in a stand-alone comment:
 #
 #   /* :startdoc: */
 #   /* :stopdoc: */
@@ -1192,13 +1216,26 @@ require 'rdoc'
 #
 class RDoc::MarkupReference
 
+  # example class
   class DummyClass; end
+
+  # example module
   module DummyModule; end
+
+  # example singleton method
   def self.dummy_singleton_method(foo, bar); end
+
+  # example instance method
   def dummy_instance_method(foo, bar); end;
+
   alias dummy_instance_alias dummy_instance_method
+
+  # example attribute
   attr_accessor :dummy_attribute
+
   alias dummy_attribute_alias dummy_attribute
+
+  # example constant
   DUMMY_CONSTANT = ''
 
   # :call-seq:
diff --git a/doc/regexp.rdoc b/doc/regexp.rdoc
deleted file mode 100644
index f3844d5729..0000000000
--- a/doc/regexp.rdoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,797 +0,0 @@
-# -*- mode: rdoc; coding: utf-8; fill-column: 74; -*-
-
-Regular expressions (<i>regexp</i>s) are patterns which describe the
-contents of a string. They're used for testing whether a string contains a
-given pattern, or extracting the portions that match. They are created
-with the <tt>/</tt><i>pat</i><tt>/</tt> and
-<tt>%r{</tt><i>pat</i><tt>}</tt> literals or the <tt>Regexp.new</tt>
-constructor.
-
-A regexp is usually delimited with forward slashes (<tt>/</tt>). For
-example:
-
-    /hay/ =~ 'haystack'   #=> 0
-    /y/.match('haystack') #=> #<MatchData "y">
-
-If a string contains the pattern it is said to <i>match</i>. A literal
-string matches itself.
-
-Here 'haystack' does not contain the pattern 'needle', so it doesn't match:
-
-    /needle/.match('haystack') #=> nil
-
-Here 'haystack' contains the pattern 'hay', so it matches:
-
-    /hay/.match('haystack')    #=> #<MatchData "hay">
-
-Specifically, <tt>/st/</tt> requires that the string contains the letter
-_s_ followed by the letter _t_, so it matches _haystack_, also.
-
-Note that any Regexp matching will raise a RuntimeError if timeout is set and
-exceeded. See "Timeout" section in detail.
-
-== \Regexp Interpolation
-
-A regexp may contain interpolated strings; trivially:
-
-  foo = 'bar'
-  /#{foo}/ # => /bar/
-
-== <tt>=~</tt> and Regexp#match
-
-Pattern matching may be achieved by using <tt>=~</tt> operator or Regexp#match
-method.
-
-=== <tt>=~</tt> Operator
-
-<tt>=~</tt> is Ruby's basic pattern-matching operator.  When one operand is a
-regular expression and the other is a string then the regular expression is
-used as a pattern to match against the string.  (This operator is equivalently
-defined by Regexp and String so the order of String and Regexp do not matter.
-Other classes may have different implementations of <tt>=~</tt>.)  If a match
-is found, the operator returns index of first match in string, otherwise it
-returns +nil+.
-
-    /hay/ =~ 'haystack'   #=> 0
-    'haystack' =~ /hay/   #=> 0
-    /a/   =~ 'haystack'   #=> 1
-    /u/   =~ 'haystack'   #=> nil
-
-Using <tt>=~</tt> operator with a String and Regexp the <tt>$~</tt> global
-variable is set after a successful match.  <tt>$~</tt> holds a MatchData
-object. Regexp.last_match is equivalent to <tt>$~</tt>.
-
-=== Regexp#match Method
-
-The #match method returns a MatchData object:
-
-    /st/.match('haystack')   #=> #<MatchData "st">
-
-== Metacharacters and Escapes
-
-The following are <i>metacharacters</i> <tt>(</tt>, <tt>)</tt>,
-<tt>[</tt>, <tt>]</tt>, <tt>{</tt>, <tt>}</tt>, <tt>.</tt>, <tt>?</tt>,
-<tt>+</tt>, <tt>*</tt>. They have a specific meaning when appearing in a
-pattern. To match them literally they must be backslash-escaped. To match
-a backslash literally, backslash-escape it: <tt>\\\\</tt>.
-
-    /1 \+ 2 = 3\?/.match('Does 1 + 2 = 3?') #=> #<MatchData "1 + 2 = 3?">
-    /a\\\\b/.match('a\\\\b')                    #=> #<MatchData "a\\b">
-
-Patterns behave like double-quoted strings and can contain the same
-backslash escapes (the meaning of <tt>\s</tt> is different, however,
-see below[#label-Character+Classes]).
-
-    /\s\u{6771 4eac 90fd}/.match("Go to 東京都")
-        #=> #<MatchData " 東京都">
-
-Arbitrary Ruby expressions can be embedded into patterns with the
-<tt>#{...}</tt> construct.
-
-    place = "東京都"
-    /#{place}/.match("Go to 東京都")
-        #=> #<MatchData "東京都">
-
-== Character Classes
-
-A <i>character class</i> is delimited with square brackets (<tt>[</tt>,
-<tt>]</tt>) and lists characters that may appear at that point in the
-match. <tt>/[ab]/</tt> means _a_ or _b_, as opposed to <tt>/ab/</tt> which
-means _a_ followed by _b_.
-
-    /W[aeiou]rd/.match("Word") #=> #<MatchData "Word">
-
-Within a character class the hyphen (<tt>-</tt>) is a metacharacter
-denoting an inclusive range of characters. <tt>[abcd]</tt> is equivalent
-to <tt>[a-d]</tt>. A range can be followed by another range, so
-<tt>[abcdwxyz]</tt> is equivalent to <tt>[a-dw-z]</tt>. The order in which
-ranges or individual characters appear inside a character class is
-irrelevant.
-
-    /[0-9a-f]/.match('9f') #=> #<MatchData "9">
-    /[9f]/.match('9f')     #=> #<MatchData "9">
-
-If the first character of a character class is a caret (<tt>^</tt>) the
-class is inverted: it matches any character _except_ those named.
-
-    /[^a-eg-z]/.match('f') #=> #<MatchData "f">
-
-A character class may contain another character class. By itself this
-isn't useful because <tt>[a-z[0-9]]</tt> describes the same set as
-<tt>[a-z0-9]</tt>. However, character classes also support the <tt>&&</tt>
-operator which performs set intersection on its arguments. The two can be
-combined as follows:
-
-    /[a-w&&[^c-g]z]/ # ([a-w] AND ([^c-g] OR z))
-
-This is equivalent to:
-
-    /[abh-w]/
-
-The following metacharacters also behave like character classes:
-
-* <tt>/./</tt> - Any character except a newline.
-* <tt>/./m</tt> - Any character (the +m+ modifier enables multiline mode)
-* <tt>/\w/</tt> - A word character (<tt>[a-zA-Z0-9_]</tt>)
-* <tt>/\W/</tt> - A non-word character (<tt>[^a-zA-Z0-9_]</tt>).
-  Please take a look at {Bug #4044}[https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/4044] if
-  using <tt>/\W/</tt> with the <tt>/i</tt> modifier.
-* <tt>/\d/</tt> - A digit character (<tt>[0-9]</tt>)
-* <tt>/\D/</tt> - A non-digit character (<tt>[^0-9]</tt>)
-* <tt>/\h/</tt> - A hexdigit character (<tt>[0-9a-fA-F]</tt>)
-* <tt>/\H/</tt> - A non-hexdigit character (<tt>[^0-9a-fA-F]</tt>)
-* <tt>/\s/</tt> - A whitespace character: <tt>/[ \t\r\n\f\v]/</tt>
-* <tt>/\S/</tt> - A non-whitespace character: <tt>/[^ \t\r\n\f\v]/</tt>
-* <tt>/\R/</tt> - A linebreak: <tt>\n</tt>, <tt>\v</tt>, <tt>\f</tt>, <tt>\r</tt>
-  <tt>\u0085</tt> (NEXT LINE), <tt>\u2028</tt> (LINE SEPARATOR), <tt>\u2029</tt> (PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR)
-  or <tt>\r\n</tt>.
-
-POSIX <i>bracket expressions</i> are also similar to character classes.
-They provide a portable alternative to the above, with the added benefit
-that they encompass non-ASCII characters. For instance, <tt>/\d/</tt>
-matches only the ASCII decimal digits (0-9); whereas <tt>/[[:digit:]]/</tt>
-matches any character in the Unicode _Nd_ category.
-
-* <tt>/[[:alnum:]]/</tt> - Alphabetic and numeric character
-* <tt>/[[:alpha:]]/</tt> - Alphabetic character
-* <tt>/[[:blank:]]/</tt> - Space or tab
-* <tt>/[[:cntrl:]]/</tt> - Control character
-* <tt>/[[:digit:]]/</tt> - Digit
-* <tt>/[[:graph:]]/</tt> - Non-blank character (excludes spaces, control
-  characters, and similar)
-* <tt>/[[:lower:]]/</tt> - Lowercase alphabetical character
-* <tt>/[[:print:]]/</tt> - Like [:graph:], but includes the space character
-* <tt>/[[:punct:]]/</tt> - Punctuation character
-* <tt>/[[:space:]]/</tt> - Whitespace character (<tt>[:blank:]</tt>, newline,
-  carriage return, etc.)
-* <tt>/[[:upper:]]/</tt> - Uppercase alphabetical
-* <tt>/[[:xdigit:]]/</tt> - Digit allowed in a hexadecimal number (i.e.,
-  0-9a-fA-F)
-
-Ruby also supports the following non-POSIX character classes:
-
-* <tt>/[[:word:]]/</tt> - A character in one of the following Unicode
-  general categories _Letter_, _Mark_, _Number_,
-  <i>Connector_Punctuation</i>
-* <tt>/[[:ascii:]]/</tt> - A character in the ASCII character set
-
-    # U+06F2 is "EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO"
-    /[[:digit:]]/.match("\u06F2")    #=> #<MatchData "\u{06F2}">
-    /[[:upper:]][[:lower:]]/.match("Hello") #=> #<MatchData "He">
-    /[[:xdigit:]][[:xdigit:]]/.match("A6")  #=> #<MatchData "A6">
-
-== Repetition
-
-The constructs described so far match a single character. They can be
-followed by a repetition metacharacter to specify how many times they need
-to occur. Such metacharacters are called <i>quantifiers</i>.
-
-* <tt>*</tt> - Zero or more times
-* <tt>+</tt> - One or more times
-* <tt>?</tt> - Zero or one times (optional)
-* <tt>{</tt><i>n</i><tt>}</tt> - Exactly <i>n</i> times
-* <tt>{</tt><i>n</i><tt>,}</tt> - <i>n</i> or more times
-* <tt>{,</tt><i>m</i><tt>}</tt> - <i>m</i> or less times
-* <tt>{</tt><i>n</i><tt>,</tt><i>m</i><tt>}</tt> - At least <i>n</i> and
-  at most <i>m</i> times
-
-At least one uppercase character ('H'), at least one lowercase character
-('e'), two 'l' characters, then one 'o':
-
-    "Hello".match(/[[:upper:]]+[[:lower:]]+l{2}o/) #=> #<MatchData "Hello">
-
-=== Greedy Match
-
-Repetition is <i>greedy</i> by default: as many occurrences as possible
-are matched while still allowing the overall match to succeed. By
-contrast, <i>lazy</i> matching makes the minimal amount of matches
-necessary for overall success. Most greedy metacharacters can be made lazy
-by following them with <tt>?</tt>. For the <tt>{n}</tt> pattern, because
-it specifies an exact number of characters to match and not a variable
-number of characters, the <tt>?</tt> metacharacter instead makes the
-repeated pattern optional.
-
-Both patterns below match the string. The first uses a greedy quantifier so
-'.+' matches '<a><b>'; the second uses a lazy quantifier so '.+?' matches
-'<a>':
-
-    /<.+>/.match("<a><b>")  #=> #<MatchData "<a><b>">
-    /<.+?>/.match("<a><b>") #=> #<MatchData "<a>">
-
-=== Possessive Match
-
-A quantifier followed by <tt>+</tt> matches <i>possessively</i>: once it
-has matched it does not backtrack. They behave like greedy quantifiers,
-but having matched they refuse to "give up" their match even if this
-jeopardises the overall match.
-
-    /<.*><.+>/.match("<a><b>") #=> #<MatchData "<a><b>">
-    /<.*+><.+>/.match("<a><b>") #=> nil
-    /<.*><.++>/.match("<a><b>") #=> nil
-
-== Capturing
-
-Parentheses can be used for <i>capturing</i>. The text enclosed by the
-<i>n</i>th group of parentheses can be subsequently referred to
-with <i>n</i>. Within a pattern use the <i>backreference</i>
-<tt>\n</tt> (e.g. <tt>\1</tt>); outside of the pattern use
-<tt>MatchData[n]</tt> (e.g. <tt>MatchData[1]</tt>).
-
-In this example, <tt>'at'</tt> is captured by the first group of
-parentheses, then referred to later with <tt>\1</tt>:
-
-    /[csh](..) [csh]\1 in/.match("The cat sat in the hat")
-        #=> #<MatchData "cat sat in" 1:"at">
-
-Regexp#match returns a MatchData object which makes the captured text
-available with its #[] method:
-
-    /[csh](..) [csh]\1 in/.match("The cat sat in the hat")[1] #=> 'at'
-
-While Ruby supports an arbitrary number of numbered captured groups,
-only groups 1-9 are supported using the <tt>\n</tt> backreference
-syntax.
-
-Ruby also supports <tt>\0</tt> as a special backreference, which
-references the entire matched string.  This is also available at
-<tt>MatchData[0]</tt>.  Note that the <tt>\0</tt> backreference cannot
-be used inside the regexp, as backreferences can only be used after the
-end of the capture group, and the <tt>\0</tt> backreference uses the
-implicit capture group of the entire match.  However, you can use
-this backreference when doing substitution:
-
-  "The cat sat in the hat".gsub(/[csh]at/, '\0s')
-    # => "The cats sats in the hats"
-
-=== Named Captures
-
-Capture groups can be referred to by name when defined with the
-<tt>(?<</tt><i>name</i><tt>>)</tt> or <tt>(?'</tt><i>name</i><tt>')</tt>
-constructs.
-
-    /\$(?<dollars>\d+)\.(?<cents>\d+)/.match("$3.67")
-        #=> #<MatchData "$3.67" dollars:"3" cents:"67">
-    /\$(?<dollars>\d+)\.(?<cents>\d+)/.match("$3.67")[:dollars] #=> "3"
-
-Named groups can be backreferenced with <tt>\k<</tt><i>name</i><tt>></tt>,
-where _name_ is the group name.
-
-    /(?<vowel>[aeiou]).\k<vowel>.\k<vowel>/.match('ototomy')
-        #=> #<MatchData "ototo" vowel:"o">
-
-*Note*: A regexp can't use named backreferences and numbered
-backreferences simultaneously. Also, if a named capture is used in a
-regexp, then parentheses used for grouping which would otherwise result
-in a unnamed capture are treated as non-capturing.
-
-    /(\w)(\w)/.match("ab").captures # => ["a", "b"]
-    /(\w)(\w)/.match("ab").named_captures # => {}
-
-    /(?<c>\w)(\w)/.match("ab").captures # => ["a"]
-    /(?<c>\w)(\w)/.match("ab").named_captures # => {"c"=>"a"}
-
-When named capture groups are used with a literal regexp on the left-hand
-side of an expression and the <tt>=~</tt> operator, the captured text is
-also assigned to local variables with corresponding names.
-
-    /\$(?<dollars>\d+)\.(?<cents>\d+)/ =~ "$3.67" #=> 0
-    dollars #=> "3"
-
-== Grouping
-
-Parentheses also <i>group</i> the terms they enclose, allowing them to be
-quantified as one <i>atomic</i> whole.
-
-The pattern below matches a vowel followed by 2 word characters:
-
-    /[aeiou]\w{2}/.match("Caenorhabditis elegans") #=> #<MatchData "aen">
-
-Whereas the following pattern matches a vowel followed by a word character,
-twice, i.e. <tt>[aeiou]\w[aeiou]\w</tt>: 'enor'.
-
-    /([aeiou]\w){2}/.match("Caenorhabditis elegans")
-        #=> #<MatchData "enor" 1:"or">
-
-The <tt>(?:</tt>...<tt>)</tt> construct provides grouping without
-capturing. That is, it combines the terms it contains into an atomic whole
-without creating a backreference. This benefits performance at the slight
-expense of readability.
-
-The first group of parentheses captures 'n' and the second 'ti'. The second
-group is referred to later with the backreference <tt>\2</tt>:
-
-    /I(n)ves(ti)ga\2ons/.match("Investigations")
-        #=> #<MatchData "Investigations" 1:"n" 2:"ti">
-
-The first group of parentheses is now made non-capturing with '?:', so it
-still matches 'n', but doesn't create the backreference. Thus, the
-backreference <tt>\1</tt> now refers to 'ti'.
-
-    /I(?:n)ves(ti)ga\1ons/.match("Investigations")
-        #=> #<MatchData "Investigations" 1:"ti">
-
-=== Atomic Grouping
-
-Grouping can be made <i>atomic</i> with
-<tt>(?></tt><i>pat</i><tt>)</tt>. This causes the subexpression <i>pat</i>
-to be matched independently of the rest of the expression such that what
-it matches becomes fixed for the remainder of the match, unless the entire
-subexpression must be abandoned and subsequently revisited. In this
-way <i>pat</i> is treated as a non-divisible whole. Atomic grouping is
-typically used to optimise patterns so as to prevent the regular
-expression engine from backtracking needlessly.
-
-The <tt>"</tt> in the pattern below matches the first character of the string,
-then <tt>.*</tt> matches <i>Quote"</i>. This causes the overall match to fail,
-so the text matched by <tt>.*</tt> is backtracked by one position, which
-leaves the final character of the string available to match <tt>"</tt>
-
-          /".*"/.match('"Quote"')     #=> #<MatchData "\"Quote\"">
-
-If <tt>.*</tt> is grouped atomically, it refuses to backtrack <i>Quote"</i>,
-even though this means that the overall match fails
-
-    /"(?>.*)"/.match('"Quote"') #=> nil
-
-== Subexpression Calls
-
-The <tt>\g<</tt><i>name</i><tt>></tt> syntax matches the previous
-subexpression named _name_, which can be a group name or number, again.
-This differs from backreferences in that it re-executes the group rather
-than simply trying to re-match the same text.
-
-This pattern matches a <i>(</i> character and assigns it to the <tt>paren</tt>
-group, tries to call that the <tt>paren</tt> sub-expression again but fails,
-then matches a literal <i>)</i>:
-
-    /\A(?<paren>\(\g<paren>*\))*\z/ =~ '()'
-
-
-    /\A(?<paren>\(\g<paren>*\))*\z/ =~ '(())' #=> 0
-    # ^1
-    #      ^2
-    #           ^3
-    #                 ^4
-    #      ^5
-    #           ^6
-    #                      ^7
-    #                       ^8
-    #                       ^9
-    #                           ^10
-
-1.  Matches at the beginning of the string, i.e. before the first
-    character.
-2.  Enters a named capture group called <tt>paren</tt>
-3.  Matches a literal <i>(</i>, the first character in the string
-4.  Calls the <tt>paren</tt> group again, i.e. recurses back to the
-    second step
-5.  Re-enters the <tt>paren</tt> group
-6.  Matches a literal <i>(</i>, the second character in the
-    string
-7.  Try to call <tt>paren</tt> a third time, but fail because
-    doing so would prevent an overall successful match
-8.  Match a literal <i>)</i>, the third character in the string.
-    Marks the end of the second recursive call
-9.  Match a literal <i>)</i>, the fourth character in the string
-10. Match the end of the string
-
-== Alternation
-
-The vertical bar metacharacter (<tt>|</tt>) combines several expressions into
-a single one that matches any of the expressions. Each expression is an
-<i>alternative</i>.
-
-    /\w(and|or)\w/.match("Feliformia") #=> #<MatchData "form" 1:"or">
-    /\w(and|or)\w/.match("furandi")    #=> #<MatchData "randi" 1:"and">
-    /\w(and|or)\w/.match("dissemblance") #=> nil
-
-== Character Properties
-
-The <tt>\p{}</tt> construct matches characters with the named property,
-much like POSIX bracket classes.
-
-* <tt>/\p{Alnum}/</tt> - Alphabetic and numeric character
-* <tt>/\p{Alpha}/</tt> - Alphabetic character
-* <tt>/\p{Blank}/</tt> - Space or tab
-* <tt>/\p{Cntrl}/</tt> - Control character
-* <tt>/\p{Digit}/</tt> - Digit
-* <tt>/\p{Emoji}/</tt> - Unicode emoji
-* <tt>/\p{Graph}/</tt> - Non-blank character (excludes spaces, control
-  characters, and similar)
-* <tt>/\p{Lower}/</tt> - Lowercase alphabetical character
-* <tt>/\p{Print}/</tt> - Like <tt>\p{Graph}</tt>, but includes the space character
-* <tt>/\p{Punct}/</tt> - Punctuation character
-* <tt>/\p{Space}/</tt> - Whitespace character (<tt>[:blank:]</tt>, newline,
-  carriage return, etc.)
-* <tt>/\p{Upper}/</tt> - Uppercase alphabetical
-* <tt>/\p{XDigit}/</tt> - Digit allowed in a hexadecimal number (i.e., 0-9a-fA-F)
-* <tt>/\p{Word}/</tt> - A member of one of the following Unicode general
-  category <i>Letter</i>, <i>Mark</i>, <i>Number</i>,
-  <i>Connector\_Punctuation</i>
-* <tt>/\p{ASCII}/</tt> - A character in the ASCII character set
-* <tt>/\p{Any}/</tt> - Any Unicode character (including unassigned
-  characters)
-* <tt>/\p{Assigned}/</tt> - An assigned character
-
-A Unicode character's <i>General Category</i> value can also be matched
-with <tt>\p{</tt><i>Ab</i><tt>}</tt> where <i>Ab</i> is the category's
-abbreviation as described below:
-
-* <tt>/\p{L}/</tt> - 'Letter'
-* <tt>/\p{Ll}/</tt> - 'Letter: Lowercase'
-* <tt>/\p{Lm}/</tt> - 'Letter: Mark'
-* <tt>/\p{Lo}/</tt> - 'Letter: Other'
-* <tt>/\p{Lt}/</tt> - 'Letter: Titlecase'
-* <tt>/\p{Lu}/</tt> - 'Letter: Uppercase
-* <tt>/\p{Lo}/</tt> - 'Letter: Other'
-* <tt>/\p{M}/</tt> - 'Mark'
-* <tt>/\p{Mn}/</tt> - 'Mark: Nonspacing'
-* <tt>/\p{Mc}/</tt> - 'Mark: Spacing Combining'
-* <tt>/\p{Me}/</tt> - 'Mark: Enclosing'
-* <tt>/\p{N}/</tt> - 'Number'
-* <tt>/\p{Nd}/</tt> - 'Number: Decimal Digit'
-* <tt>/\p{Nl}/</tt> - 'Number: Letter'
-* <tt>/\p{No}/</tt> - 'Number: Other'
-* <tt>/\p{P}/</tt> - 'Punctuation'
-* <tt>/\p{Pc}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Connector'
-* <tt>/\p{Pd}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Dash'
-* <tt>/\p{Ps}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Open'
-* <tt>/\p{Pe}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Close'
-* <tt>/\p{Pi}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Initial Quote'
-* <tt>/\p{Pf}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Final Quote'
-* <tt>/\p{Po}/</tt> - 'Punctuation: Other'
-* <tt>/\p{S}/</tt> - 'Symbol'
-* <tt>/\p{Sm}/</tt> - 'Symbol: Math'
-* <tt>/\p{Sc}/</tt> - 'Symbol: Currency'
-* <tt>/\p{Sc}/</tt> - 'Symbol: Currency'
-* <tt>/\p{Sk}/</tt> - 'Symbol: Modifier'
-* <tt>/\p{So}/</tt> - 'Symbol: Other'
-* <tt>/\p{Z}/</tt> - 'Separator'
-* <tt>/\p{Zs}/</tt> - 'Separator: Space'
-* <tt>/\p{Zl}/</tt> - 'Separator: Line'
-* <tt>/\p{Zp}/</tt> - 'Separator: Paragraph'
-* <tt>/\p{C}/</tt> - 'Other'
-* <tt>/\p{Cc}/</tt> - 'Other: Control'
-* <tt>/\p{Cf}/</tt> - 'Other: Format'
-* <tt>/\p{Cn}/</tt> - 'Other: Not Assigned'
-* <tt>/\p{Co}/</tt> - 'Other: Private Use'
-* <tt>/\p{Cs}/</tt> - 'Other: Surrogate'
-
-Lastly, <tt>\p{}</tt> matches a character's Unicode <i>script</i>. The
-following scripts are supported: <i>Arabic</i>, <i>Armenian</i>,
-<i>Balinese</i>, <i>Bengali</i>, <i>Bopomofo</i>, <i>Braille</i>,
-<i>Buginese</i>, <i>Buhid</i>, <i>Canadian_Aboriginal</i>, <i>Carian</i>,
-<i>Cham</i>, <i>Cherokee</i>, <i>Common</i>, <i>Coptic</i>,
-<i>Cuneiform</i>, <i>Cypriot</i>, <i>Cyrillic</i>, <i>Deseret</i>,
-<i>Devanagari</i>, <i>Ethiopic</i>, <i>Georgian</i>, <i>Glagolitic</i>,
-<i>Gothic</i>, <i>Greek</i>, <i>Gujarati</i>, <i>Gurmukhi</i>, <i>Han</i>,
-<i>Hangul</i>, <i>Hanunoo</i>, <i>Hebrew</i>, <i>Hiragana</i>,
-<i>Inherited</i>, <i>Kannada</i>, <i>Katakana</i>, <i>Kayah_Li</i>,
-<i>Kharoshthi</i>, <i>Khmer</i>, <i>Lao</i>, <i>Latin</i>, <i>Lepcha</i>,
-<i>Limbu</i>, <i>Linear_B</i>, <i>Lycian</i>, <i>Lydian</i>,
-<i>Malayalam</i>, <i>Mongolian</i>, <i>Myanmar</i>, <i>New_Tai_Lue</i>,
-<i>Nko</i>, <i>Ogham</i>, <i>Ol_Chiki</i>, <i>Old_Italic</i>,
-<i>Old_Persian</i>, <i>Oriya</i>, <i>Osmanya</i>, <i>Phags_Pa</i>,
-<i>Phoenician</i>, <i>Rejang</i>, <i>Runic</i>, <i>Saurashtra</i>,
-<i>Shavian</i>, <i>Sinhala</i>, <i>Sundanese</i>, <i>Syloti_Nagri</i>,
-<i>Syriac</i>, <i>Tagalog</i>, <i>Tagbanwa</i>, <i>Tai_Le</i>,
-<i>Tamil</i>, <i>Telugu</i>, <i>Thaana</i>, <i>Thai</i>, <i>Tibetan</i>,
-<i>Tifinagh</i>, <i>Ugaritic</i>, <i>Vai</i>, and <i>Yi</i>.
-
-Unicode codepoint U+06E9 is named "ARABIC PLACE OF SAJDAH" and belongs to the
-Arabic script:
-
-    /\p{Arabic}/.match("\u06E9") #=> #<MatchData "\u06E9">
-
-All character properties can be inverted by prefixing their name with a
-caret (<tt>^</tt>).
-
-Letter 'A' is not in the Unicode Ll (Letter; Lowercase) category, so this
-match succeeds:
-
-    /\p{^Ll}/.match("A") #=> #<MatchData "A">
-
-== Anchors
-
-Anchors are metacharacter that match the zero-width positions between
-characters, <i>anchoring</i> the match to a specific position.
-
-* <tt>^</tt> - Matches beginning of line
-* <tt>$</tt> - Matches end of line
-* <tt>\A</tt> - Matches beginning of string.
-* <tt>\Z</tt> - Matches end of string. If string ends with a newline,
-  it matches just before newline
-* <tt>\z</tt> - Matches end of string
-* <tt>\G</tt> - Matches first matching position:
-
-  In methods like <tt>String#gsub</tt> and <tt>String#scan</tt>, it changes on each iteration.
-  It initially matches the beginning of subject, and in each following iteration it matches where the last match finished.
-
-      "    a b c".gsub(/ /, '_')    #=> "____a_b_c"
-      "    a b c".gsub(/\G /, '_')  #=> "____a b c"
-
-  In methods like <tt>Regexp#match</tt> and <tt>String#match</tt> that take an (optional) offset, it matches where the search begins.
-
-      "hello, world".match(/,/, 3)    #=> #<MatchData ",">
-      "hello, world".match(/\G,/, 3)  #=> nil
-
-* <tt>\b</tt> - Matches word boundaries when outside brackets;
-  backspace (0x08) when inside brackets
-* <tt>\B</tt> - Matches non-word boundaries
-* <tt>(?=</tt><i>pat</i><tt>)</tt> - <i>Positive lookahead</i> assertion:
-  ensures that the following characters match <i>pat</i>, but doesn't
-  include those characters in the matched text
-* <tt>(?!</tt><i>pat</i><tt>)</tt> - <i>Negative lookahead</i> assertion:
-  ensures that the following characters do not match <i>pat</i>, but
-  doesn't include those characters in the matched text
-* <tt>(?<=</tt><i>pat</i><tt>)</tt> - <i>Positive lookbehind</i>
-  assertion: ensures that the preceding characters match <i>pat</i>, but
-  doesn't include those characters in the matched text
-* <tt>(?<!</tt><i>pat</i><tt>)</tt> - <i>Negative lookbehind</i>
-  assertion: ensures that the preceding characters do not match
-  <i>pat</i>, but doesn't include those characters in the matched text
-* <tt>\K</tt> - Uses an positive lookbehind of the content preceding
-  <tt>\K</tt> in the regexp.  For example, the following two regexps are
-  almost equivalent:
-
-      /ab\Kc/
-      /(?<=ab)c/
-
-  As are the following two regexps:
-
-      /(a)\K(b)\Kc/
-      /(?<=(?<=(a))(b))c/
-
-If a pattern isn't anchored it can begin at any point in the string:
-
-    /real/.match("surrealist") #=> #<MatchData "real">
-
-Anchoring the pattern to the beginning of the string forces the match to start
-there. 'real' doesn't occur at the beginning of the string, so now the match
-fails:
-
-    /\Areal/.match("surrealist") #=> nil
-
-The match below fails because although 'Demand' contains 'and', the pattern
-does not occur at a word boundary.
-
-    /\band/.match("Demand")
-
-Whereas in the following example 'and' has been anchored to a non-word
-boundary so instead of matching the first 'and' it matches from the fourth
-letter of 'demand' instead:
-
-    /\Band.+/.match("Supply and demand curve") #=> #<MatchData "and curve">
-
-The pattern below uses positive lookahead and positive lookbehind to match
-text appearing in <b></b> tags without including the tags in the match:
-
-    /(?<=<b>)\w+(?=<\/b>)/.match("Fortune favours the <b>bold</b>")
-        #=> #<MatchData "bold">
-
-== Options
-
-The end delimiter for a regexp can be followed by one or more single-letter
-options which control how the pattern can match.
-
-* <tt>/pat/i</tt> - Ignore case
-* <tt>/pat/m</tt> - Treat a newline as a character matched by <tt>.</tt>
-* <tt>/pat/x</tt> - Ignore whitespace and comments in the pattern
-* <tt>/pat/o</tt> - Perform <tt>#{}</tt> interpolation only once
-
-<tt>i</tt>, <tt>m</tt>, and <tt>x</tt> can also be applied on the
-subexpression level with the
-<tt>(?</tt><i>on</i><tt>-</tt><i>off</i><tt>)</tt> construct, which
-enables options <i>on</i>, and disables options <i>off</i> for the
-expression enclosed by the parentheses:
-
-    /a(?i:b)c/.match('aBc')   #=> #<MatchData "aBc">
-    /a(?-i:b)c/i.match('ABC') #=> nil
-
-Additionally, these options can also be toggled for the remainder of the
-pattern:
-
-    /a(?i)bc/.match('abC') #=> #<MatchData "abC">
-
-Options may also be used with <tt>Regexp.new</tt>:
-
-    Regexp.new("abc", Regexp::IGNORECASE)                     #=> /abc/i
-    Regexp.new("abc", Regexp::MULTILINE)                      #=> /abc/m
-    Regexp.new("abc # Comment", Regexp::EXTENDED)             #=> /abc # Comment/x
-    Regexp.new("abc", Regexp::IGNORECASE | Regexp::MULTILINE) #=> /abc/mi
-
-    Regexp.new("abc", "i")           #=> /abc/i
-    Regexp.new("abc", "m")           #=> /abc/m
-    Regexp.new("abc # Comment", "x") #=> /abc # Comment/x
-    Regexp.new("abc", "im")          #=> /abc/mi
-
-== Free-Spacing Mode and Comments
-
-As mentioned above, the <tt>x</tt> option enables <i>free-spacing</i>
-mode. Literal white space inside the pattern is ignored, and the
-octothorpe (<tt>#</tt>) character introduces a comment until the end of
-the line. This allows the components of the pattern to be organized in a
-potentially more readable fashion.
-
-A contrived pattern to match a number with optional decimal places:
-
-    float_pat = /\A
-        [[:digit:]]+ # 1 or more digits before the decimal point
-        (\.          # Decimal point
-            [[:digit:]]+ # 1 or more digits after the decimal point
-        )? # The decimal point and following digits are optional
-    \Z/x
-    float_pat.match('3.14') #=> #<MatchData "3.14" 1:".14">
-
-There are a number of strategies for matching whitespace:
-
-* Use a pattern such as <tt>\s</tt> or <tt>\p{Space}</tt>.
-* Use escaped whitespace such as <tt>\ </tt>, i.e. a space preceded by a backslash.
-* Use a character class such as <tt>[ ]</tt>.
-
-Comments can be included in a non-<tt>x</tt> pattern with the
-<tt>(?#</tt><i>comment</i><tt>)</tt> construct, where <i>comment</i> is
-arbitrary text ignored by the regexp engine.
-
-Comments in regexp literals cannot include unescaped terminator
-characters.
-
-== Encoding
-
-Regular expressions are assumed to use the source encoding. This can be
-overridden with one of the following modifiers.
-
-* <tt>/</tt><i>pat</i><tt>/u</tt> - UTF-8
-* <tt>/</tt><i>pat</i><tt>/e</tt> - EUC-JP
-* <tt>/</tt><i>pat</i><tt>/s</tt> - Windows-31J
-* <tt>/</tt><i>pat</i><tt>/n</tt> - ASCII-8BIT
-
-A regexp can be matched against a string when they either share an
-encoding, or the regexp's encoding is _US-ASCII_ and the string's encoding
-is ASCII-compatible.
-
-If a match between incompatible encodings is attempted an
-<tt>Encoding::CompatibilityError</tt> exception is raised.
-
-The <tt>Regexp#fixed_encoding?</tt> predicate indicates whether the regexp
-has a <i>fixed</i> encoding, that is one incompatible with ASCII. A
-regexp's encoding can be explicitly fixed by supplying
-<tt>Regexp::FIXEDENCODING</tt> as the second argument of
-<tt>Regexp.new</tt>:
-
-    r = Regexp.new("a".force_encoding("iso-8859-1"),Regexp::FIXEDENCODING)
-    r =~ "a\u3042"
-       # raises Encoding::CompatibilityError: incompatible encoding regexp match
-       #         (ISO-8859-1 regexp with UTF-8 string)
-
-== \Regexp Global Variables
-
-Pattern matching sets some global variables :
-
-* <tt>$~</tt> is equivalent to Regexp.last_match;
-* <tt>$&</tt> contains the complete matched text;
-* <tt>$`</tt> contains string before match;
-* <tt>$'</tt> contains string after match;
-* <tt>$1</tt>, <tt>$2</tt> and so on contain text matching first, second, etc
-  capture group;
-* <tt>$+</tt> contains last capture group.
-
-Example:
-
-    m = /s(\w{2}).*(c)/.match('haystack') #=> #<MatchData "stac" 1:"ta" 2:"c">
-    $~                                    #=> #<MatchData "stac" 1:"ta" 2:"c">
-    Regexp.last_match                     #=> #<MatchData "stac" 1:"ta" 2:"c">
-
-    $&      #=> "stac"
-            # same as m[0]
-    $`      #=> "hay"
-            # same as m.pre_match
-    $'      #=> "k"
-            # same as m.post_match
-    $1      #=> "ta"
-            # same as m[1]
-    $2      #=> "c"
-            # same as m[2]
-    $3      #=> nil
-            # no third group in pattern
-    $+      #=> "c"
-            # same as m[-1]
-
-These global variables are thread-local and method-local variables.
-
-== Performance
-
-Certain pathological combinations of constructs can lead to abysmally bad
-performance.
-
-Consider a string of 25 <i>a</i>s, a <i>d</i>, 4 <i>a</i>s, and a
-<i>c</i>.
-
-    s = 'a' * 25 + 'd' + 'a' * 4 + 'c'
-    #=> "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaadaaaac"
-
-The following patterns match instantly as you would expect:
-
-    /(b|a)/ =~ s #=> 0
-    /(b|a+)/ =~ s #=> 0
-    /(b|a+)*/ =~ s #=> 0
-
-However, the following pattern takes appreciably longer:
-
-    /(b|a+)*c/ =~ s #=> 26
-
-This happens because an atom in the regexp is quantified by both an
-immediate <tt>+</tt> and an enclosing <tt>*</tt> with nothing to
-differentiate which is in control of any particular character. The
-nondeterminism that results produces super-linear performance. (Consult
-<i>Mastering Regular Expressions</i> (3rd ed.), pp 222, by
-<i>Jeffery Friedl</i>, for an in-depth analysis). This particular case
-can be fixed by use of atomic grouping, which prevents the unnecessary
-backtracking:
-
-    (start = Time.now) && /(b|a+)*c/ =~ s && (Time.now - start)
-       #=> 24.702736882
-    (start = Time.now) && /(?>b|a+)*c/ =~ s && (Time.now - start)
-       #=> 0.000166571
-
-A similar case is typified by the following example, which takes
-approximately 60 seconds to execute for me:
-
-Match a string of 29 <i>a</i>s against a pattern of 29 optional <i>a</i>s
-followed by 29 mandatory <i>a</i>s:
-
-    Regexp.new('a?' * 29 + 'a' * 29) =~ 'a' * 29
-
-The 29 optional <i>a</i>s match the string, but this prevents the 29
-mandatory <i>a</i>s that follow from matching. Ruby must then backtrack
-repeatedly so as to satisfy as many of the optional matches as it can
-while still matching the mandatory 29. It is plain to us that none of the
-optional matches can succeed, but this fact unfortunately eludes Ruby.
-
-The best way to improve performance is to significantly reduce the amount of
-backtracking needed.  For this case, instead of individually matching 29
-optional <i>a</i>s, a range of optional <i>a</i>s can be matched all at once
-with <i>a{0,29}</i>:
-
-    Regexp.new('a{0,29}' + 'a' * 29) =~ 'a' * 29
-
-== Timeout
-
-There are two APIs to set timeout. One is Timeout.timeout=, which is
-process-global configuration of timeout for Regexp matching.
-
-    Regexp.timeout = 3
-    s = 'a' * 25 + 'd' + 'a' * 4 + 'c'
-    /(b|a+)*c/ =~ s  #=> This raises an exception in three seconds
-
-The other is timeout keyword of Regexp.new.
-
-    re = Regexp.new("(b|a+)*c", timeout: 3)
-    s = 'a' * 25 + 'd' + 'a' * 4 + 'c'
-    /(b|a+)*c/ =~ s  #=> This raises an exception in three seconds
-
-When using Regexps to process untrusted input, you should use the timeout
-feature to avoid excessive backtracking. Otherwise, a malicious user can
-provide input to Regexp causing Denail-of-Service attack.
-Note that the timeout is not set by default because an appropriate limit
-highly depends on an application requirement and context.
diff --git a/doc/regexp/methods.rdoc b/doc/regexp/methods.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..356156ac9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/regexp/methods.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+== \Regexp Methods
+
+Each of these Ruby core methods can accept a regexp as an argument:
+
+- Enumerable#all?
+- Enumerable#any?
+- Enumerable#grep
+- Enumerable#grep_v
+- Enumerable#none?
+- Enumerable#one?
+- Enumerable#slice_after
+- Enumerable#slice_before
+- Regexp#=~
+- Regexp#match
+- Regexp#match?
+- Regexp.new
+- Regexp.union
+- String#=~
+- String#[]=
+- String#byteindex
+- String#byterindex
+- String#gsub
+- String#gsub!
+- String#index
+- String#match
+- String#match?
+- String#partition
+- String#rindex
+- String#rpartition
+- String#scan
+- String#slice
+- String#slice!
+- String#split
+- String#start_with?
+- String#sub
+- String#sub!
+- Symbol#=~
+- Symbol#match
+- Symbol#match?
+- Symbol#slice
+- Symbol#start_with?
diff --git a/doc/regexp/unicode_properties.rdoc b/doc/regexp/unicode_properties.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1d7ecc380
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/regexp/unicode_properties.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,678 @@
+== \Regexps Based on Unicode Properties
+
+The properties shown here are those currently supported in Ruby.
+Older versions may not support all of these.
+
+=== POSIX brackets
+
+- <tt>\p{ASCII}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Alnum}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Alphabetic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Alpha}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Blank}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cntrl}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Digit}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Graph}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lowercase}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lower}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Print}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Punct}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Space}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Uppercase}</tt>, <tt>\p{Upper}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Word}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{XDigit}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{XPosixPunct}</tt>
+
+=== Special
+
+- <tt>\p{Any}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Assigned}</tt>
+
+=== Major and General Categories
+
+- <tt>\p{Cased_Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{LC}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Close_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pe}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Connector_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Control}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Currency_Symbol}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Dash_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Decimal_Number}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Enclosing_Mark}</tt>, <tt>\p{Me}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Final_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pf}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Format}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cf}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Initial_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{L}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Letter_Number}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nl}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Line_Separator}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zl}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lowercase_Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ll}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Mark}</tt>, <tt>\p{M}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Math_Symbol}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Modifier_Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Modifier_Symbol}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sk}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nonspacing_Mark}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mn}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Number}</tt>, <tt>\p{N}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Open_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ps}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other}</tt>, <tt>\p{C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Number}</tt>, <tt>\p{No}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Po}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Symbol}</tt>, <tt>\p{So}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Paragraph_Separator}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zp}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Private_Use}</tt>, <tt>\p{Co}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{P}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Separator}</tt>, <tt>\p{Z}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Space_Separator}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Spacing_Mark}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Surrogate}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Symbol}</tt>, <tt>\p{S}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Titlecase_Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lt}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Unassigned}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cn}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Uppercase_Letter}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lu}</tt>
+
+=== Prop List
+
+- <tt>\p{ASCII_Hex_Digit}</tt>, <tt>\p{AHex}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Bidi_Control}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bidi_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Dash}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Deprecated}</tt>, <tt>\p{Dep}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Diacritic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Dia}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Extender}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ext}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hex_Digit}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hex}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hyphen}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{IDS_Binary_Operator}</tt>, <tt>\p{IDSB}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{IDS_Trinary_Operator}</tt>, <tt>\p{IDST}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Ideographic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ideo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Join_Control}</tt>, <tt>\p{Join_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Logical_Order_Exception}</tt>, <tt>\p{LOE}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Noncharacter_Code_Point}</tt>, <tt>\p{NChar}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Alphabetic}</tt>, <tt>\p{OAlpha}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point}</tt>, <tt>\p{ODI}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Grapheme_Extend}</tt>, <tt>\p{OGr_Ext}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_ID_Continue}</tt>, <tt>\p{OIDC}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_ID_Start}</tt>, <tt>\p{OIDS}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Lowercase}</tt>, <tt>\p{OLower}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Math}</tt>, <tt>\p{OMath}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Other_Uppercase}</tt>, <tt>\p{OUpper}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Pattern_Syntax}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pat_Syn}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Pattern_White_Space}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pat_WS}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Prepended_Concatenation_Mark}</tt>, <tt>\p{PCM}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Quotation_Mark}</tt>, <tt>\p{QMark}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Radical}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Regional_Indicator}</tt>, <tt>\p{RI}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Sentence_Terminal}</tt>, <tt>\p{STerm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Soft_Dotted}</tt>, <tt>\p{SD}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Terminal_Punctuation}</tt>, <tt>\p{Term}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Unified_Ideograph}</tt>, <tt>\p{UIdeo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Variation_Selector}</tt>, <tt>\p{VS}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{White_Space}</tt>, <tt>\p{WSpace}</tt>
+
+=== Derived Core Properties
+
+- <tt>\p{Alphabetic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Alpha}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Case_Ignorable}</tt>, <tt>\p{CI}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cased}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Changes_When_Casefolded}</tt>, <tt>\p{CWCF}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Changes_When_Casemapped}</tt>, <tt>\p{CWCM}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Changes_When_Lowercased}</tt>, <tt>\p{CWL}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Changes_When_Titlecased}</tt>, <tt>\p{CWT}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Changes_When_Uppercased}</tt>, <tt>\p{CWU}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Default_Ignorable_Code_Point}</tt>, <tt>\p{DI}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Base}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gr_Base}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Extend}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gr_Ext}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Link}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gr_Link}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{ID_Continue}</tt>, <tt>\p{IDC}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{ID_Start}</tt>, <tt>\p{IDS}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lowercase}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lower}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Math}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Uppercase}</tt>, <tt>\p{Upper}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{XID_Continue}</tt>, <tt>\p{XIDC}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{XID_Start}</tt>, <tt>\p{XIDS}</tt>
+
+=== Scripts
+
+- <tt>\p{Adlam}</tt>, <tt>\p{Adlm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Ahom}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Anatolian_Hieroglyphs}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hluw}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Arabic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Arab}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Armenian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Armn}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Avestan}</tt>, <tt>\p{Avst}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Balinese}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bali}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Bamum}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bamu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Bassa_Vah}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bass}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Batak}</tt>, <tt>\p{Batk}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Bengali}</tt>, <tt>\p{Beng}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Bhaiksuki}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bhks}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Bopomofo}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bopo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Brahmi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Brah}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Braille}</tt>, <tt>\p{Brai}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Buginese}</tt>, <tt>\p{Bugi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Buhid}</tt>, <tt>\p{Buhd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Canadian_Aboriginal}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cans}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Carian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cari}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Caucasian_Albanian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Aghb}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Chakma}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cakm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cham}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cherokee}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cher}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Chorasmian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Chrs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Common}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zyyy}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Coptic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Copt}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cuneiform}</tt>, <tt>\p{Xsux}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cypriot}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cprt}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cypro_Minoan}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cpmn}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Cyrillic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Cyrl}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Deseret}</tt>, <tt>\p{Dsrt}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Devanagari}</tt>, <tt>\p{Deva}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Dives_Akuru}</tt>, <tt>\p{Diak}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Dogra}</tt>, <tt>\p{Dogr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Duployan}</tt>, <tt>\p{Dupl}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Egyptian_Hieroglyphs}</tt>, <tt>\p{Egyp}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Elbasan}</tt>, <tt>\p{Elba}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Elymaic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Elym}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Ethiopic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ethi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Georgian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Geor}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Glagolitic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Glag}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Gothic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Goth}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grantha}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gran}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Greek}</tt>, <tt>\p{Grek}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Gujarati}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gujr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Gunjala_Gondi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gong}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Gurmukhi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Guru}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Han}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hani}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hangul}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hang}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hanifi_Rohingya}</tt>, <tt>\p{Rohg}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hanunoo}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hano}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hatran}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hatr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hebrew}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hebr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Hiragana}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hira}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Imperial_Aramaic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Armi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Inherited}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zinh}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Inscriptional_Pahlavi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Phli}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Inscriptional_Parthian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Prti}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Javanese}</tt>, <tt>\p{Java}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Kaithi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Kthi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Kannada}</tt>, <tt>\p{Knda}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Katakana}</tt>, <tt>\p{Kana}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Kawi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Kayah_Li}</tt>, <tt>\p{Kali}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Kharoshthi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Khar}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Khitan_Small_Script}</tt>, <tt>\p{Kits}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Khmer}</tt>, <tt>\p{Khmr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Khojki}</tt>, <tt>\p{Khoj}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Khudawadi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sind}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lao}</tt>, <tt>\p{Laoo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Latin}</tt>, <tt>\p{Latn}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lepcha}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lepc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Limbu}</tt>, <tt>\p{Limb}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Linear_A}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lina}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Linear_B}</tt>, <tt>\p{Linb}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lisu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lycian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lyci}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Lydian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lydi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Mahajani}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mahj}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Makasar}</tt>, <tt>\p{Maka}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Malayalam}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mlym}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Mandaic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mand}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Manichaean}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mani}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Marchen}</tt>, <tt>\p{Marc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Masaram_Gondi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Gonm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Medefaidrin}</tt>, <tt>\p{Medf}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Meetei_Mayek}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mtei}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Mende_Kikakui}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mend}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Meroitic_Cursive}</tt>, <tt>\p{Merc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Meroitic_Hieroglyphs}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mero}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Miao}</tt>, <tt>\p{Plrd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Modi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Mongolian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mong}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Mro}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mroo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Multani}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mult}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Myanmar}</tt>, <tt>\p{Mymr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nabataean}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nbat}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nag_Mundari}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nagm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nandinagari}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nand}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{New_Tai_Lue}</tt>, <tt>\p{Talu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Newa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nko}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nkoo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nushu}</tt>, <tt>\p{Nshu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hmnp}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Ogham}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ogam}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Ol_Chiki}</tt>, <tt>\p{Olck}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Hungarian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hung}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Italic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ital}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_North_Arabian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Narb}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Permic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Perm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Persian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Xpeo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Sogdian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sogo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_South_Arabian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sarb}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Turkic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Orkh}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Old_Uyghur}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ougr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Oriya}</tt>, <tt>\p{Orya}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Osage}</tt>, <tt>\p{Osge}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Osmanya}</tt>, <tt>\p{Osma}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Pahawh_Hmong}</tt>, <tt>\p{Hmng}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Palmyrene}</tt>, <tt>\p{Palm}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Pau_Cin_Hau}</tt>, <tt>\p{Pauc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Phags_Pa}</tt>, <tt>\p{Phag}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Phoenician}</tt>, <tt>\p{Phnx}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Psalter_Pahlavi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Phlp}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Rejang}</tt>, <tt>\p{Rjng}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Runic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Runr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Samaritan}</tt>, <tt>\p{Samr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Saurashtra}</tt>, <tt>\p{Saur}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Sharada}</tt>, <tt>\p{Shrd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Shavian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Shaw}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Siddham}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sidd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{SignWriting}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sgnw}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Sinhala}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sinh}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Sogdian}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sogd}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Sora_Sompeng}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sora}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Soyombo}</tt>, <tt>\p{Soyo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Sundanese}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sund}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Syloti_Nagri}</tt>, <tt>\p{Sylo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Syriac}</tt>, <tt>\p{Syrc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tagalog}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tglg}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tagbanwa}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tagb}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tai_Le}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tale}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tai_Tham}</tt>, <tt>\p{Lana}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tai_Viet}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tavt}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Takri}</tt>, <tt>\p{Takr}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tamil}</tt>, <tt>\p{Taml}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tangsa}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tnsa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tangut}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tang}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Telugu}</tt>, <tt>\p{Telu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Thaana}</tt>, <tt>\p{Thaa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Thai}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tibetan}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tibt}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tifinagh}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tfng}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Tirhuta}</tt>, <tt>\p{Tirh}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Toto}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Ugaritic}</tt>, <tt>\p{Ugar}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Unknown}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zzzz}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Vai}</tt>, <tt>\p{Vaii}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Vithkuqi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Vith}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Wancho}</tt>, <tt>\p{Wcho}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Warang_Citi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Wara}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Yezidi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Yezi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Yi}</tt>, <tt>\p{Yiii}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Zanabazar_Square}</tt>, <tt>\p{Zanb}</tt>
+
+=== Blocks
+
+- <tt>\p{In_Adlam}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Aegean_Numbers}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ahom}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Alchemical_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ancient_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Extended_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arabic_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Armenian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Arrows}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Avestan}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Balinese}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bamum}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bamum_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Basic_Latin}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bassa_Vah}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Batak}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bengali}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bhaiksuki}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Block_Elements}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bopomofo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Bopomofo_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Box_Drawing}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Brahmi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Braille_Patterns}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Buginese}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Buhid}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Compatibility}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Strokes}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_H}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Carian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Caucasian_Albanian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Chakma}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cham}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cherokee}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cherokee_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Chess_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Chorasmian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Combining_Half_Marks}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Control_Pictures}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Coptic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Counting_Rod_Numerals}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cuneiform}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Currency_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cypriot_Syllabary}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cypro_Minoan}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cyrillic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cyrillic_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cyrillic_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cyrillic_Extended_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cyrillic_Extended_D}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Cyrillic_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Deseret}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Devanagari}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Devanagari_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Devanagari_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Dingbats}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Dives_Akuru}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Dogra}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Domino_Tiles}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Duployan}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Elbasan}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Elymaic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Emoticons}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ethiopic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ethiopic_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ethiopic_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ethiopic_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ethiopic_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_General_Punctuation}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Geometric_Shapes}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Georgian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Georgian_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Georgian_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Glagolitic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Glagolitic_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Gothic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Grantha}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Greek_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Greek_and_Coptic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Gujarati}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Gunjala_Gondi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Gurmukhi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hangul_Jamo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hangul_Syllables}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hanifi_Rohingya}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hanunoo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hatran}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hebrew}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_High_Surrogates}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Hiragana}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_IPA_Extensions}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ideographic_Description_Characters}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Imperial_Aramaic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Inscriptional_Parthian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Javanese}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kaithi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kaktovik_Numerals}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kana_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kana_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kana_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kanbun}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kangxi_Radicals}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kannada}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Katakana}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kawi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kayah_Li}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Kharoshthi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Khitan_Small_Script}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Khmer}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Khmer_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Khojki}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Khudawadi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Lao}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_1_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_Additional}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_D}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_E}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_F}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Latin_Extended_G}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Lepcha}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Letterlike_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Limbu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Linear_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Linear_B_Ideograms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Linear_B_Syllabary}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Lisu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Lisu_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Low_Surrogates}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Lycian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Lydian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mahajani}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mahjong_Tiles}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Makasar}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Malayalam}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mandaic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Manichaean}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Marchen}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Masaram_Gondi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mathematical_Operators}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mayan_Numerals}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Medefaidrin}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Meetei_Mayek}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mende_Kikakui}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Meroitic_Cursive}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miao}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miscellaneous_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Miscellaneous_Technical}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Modi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Modifier_Tone_Letters}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mongolian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mongolian_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Mro}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Multani}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Musical_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Myanmar}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Myanmar_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Myanmar_Extended_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_NKo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Nabataean}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Nag_Mundari}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Nandinagari}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_New_Tai_Lue}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Newa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_No_Block}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Number_Forms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Nushu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ogham}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ol_Chiki}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Hungarian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Italic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_North_Arabian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Permic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Persian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Sogdian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_South_Arabian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Turkic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Old_Uyghur}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Optical_Character_Recognition}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Oriya}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ornamental_Dingbats}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Osage}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Osmanya}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Pahawh_Hmong}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Palmyrene}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Pau_Cin_Hau}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Phags_pa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Phaistos_Disc}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Phoenician}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Phonetic_Extensions}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Playing_Cards}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Private_Use_Area}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Psalter_Pahlavi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Rejang}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Runic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Samaritan}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Saurashtra}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sharada}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Shavian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Shorthand_Format_Controls}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Siddham}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sinhala}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Small_Form_Variants}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Small_Kana_Extension}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sogdian}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sora_Sompeng}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Soyombo}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Specials}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sundanese}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sundanese_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplemental_Arrows_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplemental_Arrows_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplemental_Arrows_C}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplemental_Punctuation}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Sutton_SignWriting}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Syloti_Nagri}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Syriac}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Syriac_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tagalog}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tagbanwa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tags}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tai_Le}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tai_Tham}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tai_Viet}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Takri}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tamil}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tamil_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tangsa}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tangut}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tangut_Components}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tangut_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Telugu}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Thaana}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Thai}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tibetan}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tifinagh}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Tirhuta}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Toto}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Ugaritic}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Vai}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Variation_Selectors}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Vedic_Extensions}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Vertical_Forms}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Vithkuqi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Wancho}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Warang_Citi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Yezidi}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Yi_Radicals}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Yi_Syllables}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Zanabazar_Square}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation}</tt>
+
+=== Emoji
+
+- <tt>\p{Emoji}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Emoji_Component}</tt>, <tt>\p{EComp}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Emoji_Modifier}</tt>, <tt>\p{EMod}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Emoji_Modifier_Base}</tt>, <tt>\p{EBase}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Emoji_Presentation}</tt>, <tt>\p{EPres}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Extended_Pictographic}</tt>, <tt>\p{ExtPict}</tt>
+
+=== Graphemes
+
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ}</tt>
+
+=== Derived Ages
+
+- <tt>\p{Age_10_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_11_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_12_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_12_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_13_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_14_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_15_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_1_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_2_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_2_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_3_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_3_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_3_2}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_4_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_4_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_5_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_5_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_5_2}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_6_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_6_1}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_6_2}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_6_3}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_7_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_8_0}</tt>
+- <tt>\p{Age_9_0}</tt>
diff --git a/doc/reline/face.md b/doc/reline/face.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fa916123b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/reline/face.md
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# Face
+
+With the `Reline::Face` class, you can modify the text color and text decorations in your terminal emulator.
+This is primarily used to customize the appearance of the method completion dialog in IRB.
+
+## Usage
+
+### ex: Change the background color of the completion dialog cyan to blue
+
+```ruby
+Reline::Face.config(:completion_dialog) do |conf|
+  conf.define :default, foreground: :white, background: :blue
+  #                                                     ^^^^^ `:cyan` by default
+  conf.define :enhanced, foreground: :white, background: :magenta
+  conf.define :scrollbar, foreground: :white, background: :blue
+end
+```
+
+If you provide the above code to an IRB session in some way, you can apply the configuration.
+It's generally done by writing it in `.irbrc`.
+
+Regarding `.irbrc`, please refer to the following link: [https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/IRB.html](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/IRB.html)
+
+## Available parameters
+
+`Reline::Face` internally creates SGR (Select Graphic Rendition) code according to the block parameter of `Reline::Face.config` method.
+
+| Key         | Value             | SGR Code (numeric part following "\e[")|
+|:------------|:------------------|-----:|
+| :foreground | :black            | 30   |
+|             | :red              | 31   |
+|             | :green            | 32   |
+|             | :yellow           | 33   |
+|             | :blue             | 34   |
+|             | :magenta          | 35   |
+|             | :cyan             | 36   |
+|             | :white            | 37   |
+|             | :bright_black     | 90   |
+|             | :gray             | 90   |
+|             | :bright_red       | 91   |
+|             | :bright_green     | 92   |
+|             | :bright_yellow    | 93   |
+|             | :bright_blue      | 94   |
+|             | :bright_magenta   | 95   |
+|             | :bright_cyan      | 96   |
+|             | :bright_white     | 97   |
+| :background | :black            | 40   |
+|             | :red              | 41   |
+|             | :green            | 42   |
+|             | :yellow           | 43   |
+|             | :blue             | 44   |
+|             | :magenta          | 45   |
+|             | :cyan             | 46   |
+|             | :white            | 47   |
+|             | :bright_black     | 100  |
+|             | :gray             | 100  |
+|             | :bright_red       | 101  |
+|             | :bright_green     | 102  |
+|             | :bright_yellow    | 103  |
+|             | :bright_blue      | 104  |
+|             | :bright_magenta   | 105  |
+|             | :bright_cyan      | 106  |
+|             | :bright_white     | 107  |
+| :style      | :reset            | 0    |
+|             | :bold             | 1    |
+|             | :faint            | 2    |
+|             | :italicized       | 3    |
+|             | :underlined       | 4    |
+|             | :slowly_blinking  | 5    |
+|             | :blinking         | 5    |
+|             | :rapidly_blinking | 6    |
+|             | :negative         | 7    |
+|             | :concealed        | 8    |
+|             | :crossed_out      | 9    |
+
+- The value for `:style` can be both a Symbol and an Array
+    ```ruby
+      # Single symbol
+      conf.define :default, style: :bold
+      # Array
+      conf.define :default, style: [:bold, :negative]
+    ```
+- The availability of specific SGR codes depends on your terminal emulator
+- You can specify a hex color code to `:foreground` and `:background` color like `foreground: "#FF1020"`. Its availability also depends on your terminal emulator
+
+## Debugging
+
+You can see the current Face configuration by `Reline::Face.configs` method
+
+Example:
+
+```ruby
+irb(main):001:0> Reline::Face.configs
+=>
+{:default=>
+  {:default=>{:style=>:reset, :escape_sequence=>"\e[0m"},
+   :enhanced=>{:style=>:reset, :escape_sequence=>"\e[0m"},
+   :scrollbar=>{:style=>:reset, :escape_sequence=>"\e[0m"}},
+ :completion_dialog=>
+  {:default=>{:foreground=>:white, :background=>:cyan, :escape_sequence=>"\e[0m\e[37;46m"},
+   :enhanced=>{:foreground=>:white, :background=>:magenta, :escape_sequence=>"\e[0m\e[37;45m"},
+   :scrollbar=>{:foreground=>:white, :background=>:cyan, :escape_sequence=>"\e[0m\e[37;46m"}}}
+```
+
+## 256-Color and TrueColor
+
+Reline will automatically detect if your terminal emulator supports truecolor with `ENV['COLORTERM] in 'truecolor' | '24bit'`. When this env is not set, Reline will fallback to 256-color.
+If your terminal emulator supports truecolor but does not set COLORTERM env, add this line to `.irbrc`.
+```ruby
+Reline::Face.force_truecolor
+```
diff --git a/doc/rjit/rjit.md b/doc/rjit/rjit.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e60e43ce3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/rjit/rjit.md
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# RJIT: Ruby JIT
+
+This document has some tips that might be useful when you work on RJIT.
+
+## Project purpose
+
+This project is for experimental purposes.
+For production deployment, consider using YJIT instead.
+
+## Supported platforms
+
+The following platforms are assumed to work. `linux-x86_64` is tested on CI.
+
+* OS: Linux, macOS, BSD
+* Arch: x86\_64
+
+## configure
+### --enable-rjit
+
+On supported platforms, `--enable-rjit` is set by default. You usually don't need to specify this.
+You may still manually pass `--enable-rjit` to try RJIT on unsupported platforms.
+
+### --enable-rjit=dev
+
+It enables `--rjit-dump-disasm` if libcapstone is available.
+
+## make
+### rjit-bindgen
+
+If you see an "RJIT bindgen" GitHub Actions failure, please commit the `git diff` shown on the failed job.
+
+For doing the same thing locally, run `make rjit-bindgen` after installing libclang.
+macOS seems to have libclang by default. On Ubuntu, you can install it with `apt install libclang1`.
+
+## ruby
+### --rjit-stats
+
+This prints RJIT stats at exit.
+
+### --rjit-dump-disasm
+
+This dumps all JIT code. You need to install libcapstone before configure and use `--enable-rjit=dev` on configure.
+
+* Ubuntu: `sudo apt-get install -y libcapstone-dev`
+* macOS: `brew install capstone`
diff --git a/doc/standard_library.rdoc b/doc/standard_library.rdoc
index 7c9938c5b0..2282d7226b 100644
--- a/doc/standard_library.rdoc
+++ b/doc/standard_library.rdoc
@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@ Socket:: Access underlying OS socket implementations
 
 = Default gems
 
+* default gems are shipped with Ruby releases and also available as rubygems.
+* default gems are not uninstallable from Ruby installation.
+* default gems can be updated used by rubygems.
+    * e.g. `gem update json`
+* default gems can be used with bundler environment like `unbundled_env`.
+* default gems can be used any version on Gemfile.
+    * e.g. `gem "json", ">= 2.6"`
+
 == Libraries
 
 Abbrev:: Calculates a set of unique abbreviations for a given set of strings
@@ -53,6 +61,7 @@ OpenStruct:: Class to build custom data structures, similar to a Hash
 OpenURI:: An easy-to-use wrapper for Net::HTTP, Net::HTTPS and Net::FTP
 PP:: Provides a PrettyPrinter for Ruby objects
 PrettyPrinter:: Implements a pretty printing algorithm for readable structure
+Prism:: A portable, error-tolerant Ruby parser
 PStore:: Implements a file based persistence mechanism based on a Hash
 Readline:: Wrapper for Readline extencion and Reline
 Reline:: GNU Readline and Editline by pure Ruby implementation.
@@ -89,8 +98,6 @@ NKF:: Ruby extension for Network Kanji Filter
 OpenSSL:: Provides SSL, TLS and general purpose cryptography for Ruby
 Pathname:: Representation of the name of a file or directory on the filesystem
 Psych:: A YAML parser and emitter for Ruby
-Racc:: A LALR(1) parser generator written in Ruby.
-Readline:: Provides an interface for GNU Readline and Edit Line (libedit)
 StringIO:: Pseudo I/O on String objects
 StringScanner:: Provides lexical scanning operations on a String
 Syslog:: Ruby interface for the POSIX system logging facility
@@ -99,6 +106,12 @@ Zlib:: Ruby interface for the zlib compression/decompression library
 
 = Bundled gems
 
+* bundled gems are shipped with Ruby releases and also available as rubygems.
+* bundled gems are same as normal gems like `rails`, `rack`.
+    * They are only bundled with Ruby releases.
+    * They can be uninstallable from Ruby installation.
+    * They are needed to declare in Gemfile when use with bundler.
+
 == Libraries
 
 MiniTest:: A test suite with TDD, BDD, mocking and benchmarking
@@ -116,3 +129,4 @@ Prime:: Prime numbers and factorization library
 RBS:: RBS is a language to describe the structure of Ruby programs
 TypeProf:: A type analysis tool for Ruby code based on abstract interpretation
 DEBUGGER__:: Debugging functionality for Ruby
+Racc:: A LALR(1) parser generator written in Ruby.
diff --git a/doc/strftime_formatting.rdoc b/doc/strftime_formatting.rdoc
index 30a629bf68..7694752a21 100644
--- a/doc/strftime_formatting.rdoc
+++ b/doc/strftime_formatting.rdoc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-== Formats for Dates and Times
+= Formats for Dates and Times
 
 Several Ruby time-related classes have instance method +strftime+,
 which returns a formatted string representing all or part of a date or time:
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ It consists of:
 Except for the leading percent character,
 the only required part is the conversion specifier, so we begin with that.
 
-=== Conversion Specifiers
+== Conversion Specifiers
 
-==== \Date (Year, Month, Day)
+=== \Date (Year, Month, Day)
 
 - <tt>%Y</tt> - Year including century, zero-padded:
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ the only required part is the conversion specifier, so we begin with that.
     Time.new(2002, 1, 1).strftime('%j')   # => "001"
     Time.new(2002, 12, 31).strftime('%j') # => "365"
 
-==== \Time (Hour, Minute, Second, Subsecond)
+=== \Time (Hour, Minute, Second, Subsecond)
 
 - <tt>%H</tt> - Hour of the day, in range (0..23), zero-padded:
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ the only required part is the conversion specifier, so we begin with that.
 
     Time.now.strftime('%s') # => "1656505136"
 
-==== Timezone
+=== Timezone
 
 - <tt>%z</tt> - Timezone as hour and minute offset from UTC:
 
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ the only required part is the conversion specifier, so we begin with that.
 
     Time.now.strftime('%Z') # => "Central Daylight Time"
 
-==== Weekday
+=== Weekday
 
 - <tt>%A</tt> - Full weekday name:
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ the only required part is the conversion specifier, so we begin with that.
     t.strftime('%a')          # => "Sun"
     t.strftime('%w')          # => "0"
 
-==== Week Number
+=== Week Number
 
 - <tt>%U</tt> - Week number of the year, in range (0..53), zero-padded,
   where each week begins on a Sunday:
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ the only required part is the conversion specifier, so we begin with that.
     t.strftime('%a')          # => "Sun"
     t.strftime('%W')          # => "25"
 
-==== Week Dates
+=== Week Dates
 
 See {ISO 8601 week dates}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Week_dates].
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ See {ISO 8601 week dates}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Week_dates].
     t0.strftime('%V') # => "52"
     t1.strftime('%V') # => "01"
 
-==== Literals
+=== Literals
 
 - <tt>%n</tt> - Newline character "\n":
 
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ See {ISO 8601 week dates}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Week_dates].
 
     Time.now.strftime('%%') # => "%"
 
-==== Shorthand Conversion Specifiers
+=== Shorthand Conversion Specifiers
 
 Each shorthand specifier here is shown with its corresponding
 longhand specifier.
@@ -294,14 +294,14 @@ longhand specifier.
     DateTime.now.strftime('%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y')
     # => "Wed Jun 29 08:32:18 -05:00 2022"
 
-=== Flags
+== Flags
 
 Flags may affect certain formatting specifications.
 
 Multiple flags may be given with a single conversion specified;
 order does not matter.
 
-==== Padding Flags
+=== Padding Flags
 
 - <tt>0</tt> - Pad with zeroes:
 
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ order does not matter.
 
     Time.new(10).strftime('%-Y') # => "10"
 
-==== Casing Flags
+=== Casing Flags
 
 - <tt>^</tt> - Upcase result:
 
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ order does not matter.
     Time.now.strftime('%^p') # => "AM"
     Time.now.strftime('%#p') # => "am"
 
-==== Timezone Flags
+=== Timezone Flags
 
 - <tt>:</tt> - Put timezone as colon-separated hours and minutes:
 
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ order does not matter.
 
     Time.now.strftime('%::z') # => "-05:00:00"
 
-=== Width Specifiers
+== Width Specifiers
 
 The integer width specifier gives a minimum width for the returned string:
 
@@ -348,12 +348,12 @@ The integer width specifier gives a minimum width for the returned string:
   Time.new(2002, 12).strftime('%10B') # => "  December"
   Time.new(2002, 12).strftime('%3B')  # => "December" # Ignored if too small.
 
-== Specialized Format Strings
+= Specialized Format Strings
 
 Here are a few specialized format strings,
 each based on an external standard.
 
-=== HTTP Format
+== HTTP Format
 
 The HTTP date format is based on
 {RFC 2616}[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2616],
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ and treats dates in the format <tt>'%a, %d %b %Y %T GMT'</tt>:
   Date._httpdate(httpdate)
   # => {:wday=>6, :mday=>3, :mon=>2, :year=>2001, :hour=>0, :min=>0, :sec=>0, :zone=>"GMT", :offset=>0}
 
-=== RFC 3339 Format
+== RFC 3339 Format
 
 The RFC 3339 date format is based on
 {RFC 3339}[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3339]:
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ The RFC 3339 date format is based on
   Date._rfc3339(rfc3339)
   # => {:year=>2001, :mon=>2, :mday=>3, :hour=>0, :min=>0, :sec=>0, :zone=>"+00:00", :offset=>0}
 
-=== RFC 2822 Format
+== RFC 2822 Format
 
 The RFC 2822 date format is based on
 {RFC 2822}[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2822],
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ and treats dates in the format <tt>'%a, %-d %b %Y %T %z'</tt>]:
   Date._rfc2822(rfc2822)
   # => {:wday=>6, :mday=>3, :mon=>2, :year=>2001, :hour=>0, :min=>0, :sec=>0, :zone=>"+0000", :offset=>0}
 
-=== JIS X 0301 Format
+== JIS X 0301 Format
 
 The JIS X 0301 format includes the
 {Japanese era name}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_era_name],
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ with the first letter of the romanized era name prefixed:
   # Return hash parsed from 0301-formatted string.
   Date._jisx0301(jisx0301) # => {:year=>2001, :mon=>2, :mday=>3}
 
-=== ISO 8601 Format Specifications
+== ISO 8601 Format Specifications
 
 This section shows format specifications that are compatible with
 {ISO 8601}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601].
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ Examples in this section assume:
 
   t = Time.now # => 2022-06-29 16:49:25.465246 -0500
 
-==== Dates
+=== Dates
 
 See {ISO 8601 dates}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Dates].
 
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ See {ISO 8601 dates}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Dates].
 
       t.strftime('%Y-%j') # => "2022-180"
 
-==== Times
+=== Times
 
 See {ISO 8601 times}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Times].
 
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ See {ISO 8601 times}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Times].
     - {Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Coordinated_Universal_Time_(UTC)].
     - {Time offsets from UTC}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Time_offsets_from_UTC].
 
-==== Combined \Date and \Time
+=== Combined \Date and \Time
 
 See {ISO 8601 Combined date and time representations}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Combined_date_and_time_representations].
 
diff --git a/doc/string/encode.rdoc b/doc/string/encode.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65872fdfd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/string/encode.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+Returns a copy of +self+ transcoded as determined by +dst_encoding+.
+By default, raises an exception if +self+
+contains an invalid byte or a character not defined in +dst_encoding+;
+that behavior may be modified by encoding options; see below.
+
+With no arguments:
+
+- Uses the same encoding if <tt>Encoding.default_internal</tt> is +nil+
+  (the default):
+
+    Encoding.default_internal # => nil
+    s = "Ruby\x99".force_encoding('Windows-1252')
+    s.encoding                # => #<Encoding:Windows-1252>
+    s.bytes                   # => [82, 117, 98, 121, 153]
+    t = s.encode              # => "Ruby\x99"
+    t.encoding                # => #<Encoding:Windows-1252>
+    t.bytes                   # => [82, 117, 98, 121, 226, 132, 162]
+
+- Otherwise, uses the encoding <tt>Encoding.default_internal</tt>:
+
+    Encoding.default_internal = 'UTF-8'
+    t = s.encode              # => "Ruby™"
+    t.encoding                # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+
+With only argument +dst_encoding+ given, uses that encoding:
+
+  s = "Ruby\x99".force_encoding('Windows-1252')
+  s.encoding            # => #<Encoding:Windows-1252>
+  t = s.encode('UTF-8') # => "Ruby™"
+  t.encoding            # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+
+With arguments +dst_encoding+ and +src_encoding+ given,
+interprets +self+ using +src_encoding+, encodes the new string using +dst_encoding+:
+
+  s = "Ruby\x99"
+  t = s.encode('UTF-8', 'Windows-1252') # => "Ruby™"
+  t.encoding                            # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+
+Optional keyword arguments +enc_opts+ specify encoding options;
+see {Encoding Options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
+
+Please note that, unless <code>invalid: :replace</code> option is
+given, conversion from an encoding +enc+ to the same encoding +enc+
+(independent of whether +enc+ is given explicitly or implicitly) is a
+no-op, i.e. the string is simply copied without any changes, and no
+exceptions are raised, even if there are invalid bytes.
+
diff --git a/doc/string/length.rdoc b/doc/string/length.rdoc
index 0a7e17f7dc..544bca269f 100644
--- a/doc/string/length.rdoc
+++ b/doc/string/length.rdoc
@@ -10,4 +10,3 @@ Contrast with String#bytesize:
   'тест'.bytesize       # => 8
   'こんにちは'.bytesize   # => 15
 
-String#size is an alias for String#length.
diff --git a/doc/syntax.rdoc b/doc/syntax.rdoc
index 5895673f36..6ca5843512 100644
--- a/doc/syntax.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax.rdoc
@@ -37,3 +37,6 @@ Miscellaneous[rdoc-ref:syntax/miscellaneous.rdoc] ::
 
 Comments[rdoc-ref:syntax/comments.rdoc] ::
   Line and block code comments
+
+Operators[rdoc-ref:syntax/operators.rdoc] ::
+  Operator method behaviors
diff --git a/doc/syntax/assignment.rdoc b/doc/syntax/assignment.rdoc
index 1321bbf3ac..e30cb35adf 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/assignment.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/assignment.rdoc
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Rather than printing "true" you receive a NameError, "undefined local variable
 or method `a'".  Since ruby parses the bare +a+ left of the +if+ first and has
 not yet seen an assignment to +a+ it assumes you wish to call a method.  Ruby
 then sees the assignment to +a+ and will assume you are referencing a local
-method.
+variable.
 
 The confusion comes from the out-of-order execution of the expression.  First
 the local variable is assigned-to then you attempt to call a nonexistent
@@ -403,6 +403,10 @@ assigning.  This is similar to multiple assignment:
 
   p a # prints [1, 2, 3]
 
+  b = *1
+
+  p b # prints [1]
+
 You can splat anywhere in the right-hand side of the assignment:
 
   a = 1, *[2, 3]
diff --git a/doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc b/doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc
index da061dbfdb..6cc8678450 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/calling_methods.rdoc
@@ -322,18 +322,6 @@ Both are equivalent to:
 
   my_method(1, 2, 3)
 
-If the method accepts keyword arguments, the splat operator will convert a
-hash at the end of the array into keyword arguments:
-
-  def my_method(a, b, c: 3)
-  end
-
-  arguments = [1, 2, { c: 4 }]
-  my_method(*arguments)
-
-Note that this behavior is currently deprecated and will emit a warning.
-This behavior will be removed in Ruby 3.0.
-
 You may also use the <code>**</code> (described next) to convert a Hash into
 keyword arguments.
 
diff --git a/doc/syntax/comments.rdoc b/doc/syntax/comments.rdoc
index dbc7816984..00d19d588a 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/comments.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/comments.rdoc
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ The method Module#const_set is not affected.
 In this mode, all values assigned to constants are deeply copied and
 made shareable. It is safer mode than +experimental_everything+.
 
-  # shareable_constant_value: experimental_everything
+  # shareable_constant_value: experimental_copy
   var = [{foo: []}]
   var.frozen? # => false (assignment was made to local variable)
   X = var # => calls `Ractor.make_shareable(var, copy: true)`
diff --git a/doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc b/doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc
index df3b5ced38..5350585f15 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc
@@ -569,3 +569,71 @@ evaluated on the following iteration:
 Here, the flip-flop turns on when +value+ equals 2, but doesn't turn off on the
 same iteration.  The `off' condition isn't evaluated until the following
 iteration and +value+ will never be two again.
+
+== throw/catch
+
++throw+ and +catch+ are used to implement non-local control flow in Ruby. They
+operate similarly to exceptions, allowing control to pass directly from the
+place where +throw+ is called to the place where the matching +catch+ is
+called. The main difference between +throw+/+catch+ and the use of exceptions
+is that +throw+/+catch+ are designed for expected non-local control flow,
+while exceptions are designed for exceptional control flow situations, such
+as handling unexpected errors.
+
+When using +throw+, you provide 1-2 arguments.  The first argument is the
+value for the matching +catch+.  The second argument is optional (defaults to
++nil+), and will be the value that +catch+ returns if there is a matching
++throw+ inside the +catch+ block.  If no matching +throw+ method is called
+inside a +catch+ block, the +catch+ method returns the return value of the
+block passed to it.
+
+  def a(n)
+    throw :d, :a if n == 0
+    b(n)
+  end
+
+  def b(n)
+    throw :d, :b if n == 1
+    c(n)
+  end
+
+  def c(n)
+    throw :d if n == 2
+  end
+
+  4.times.map do |i|
+    catch(:d) do
+      a(i)
+      :default
+    end
+  end
+  # => [:a, :b, nil, :default]
+
+If the first argument you pass to +throw+ is not handled by a matching
++catch+, an UncaughtThrowError exception will be raised.  This is because
++throw+/+catch+ should only be used for expected control flow changes, so
+using a value that is not already expected is an error.
+
++throw+/+catch+ are implemented as Kernel methods (Kernel#throw and
+Kernel#catch), not as keywords. So they are not usable directly if you are
+in a BasicObject context.  You can use Kernel.throw and Kernel.catch in
+this case:
+
+  BasicObject.new.instance_exec do
+    def a
+      b
+    end
+
+    def b
+      c
+    end
+
+    def c
+      ::Kernel.throw :d, :e
+    end
+
+    result = ::Kernel.catch(:d) do
+      a
+    end
+    result # => :e
+  end
diff --git a/doc/syntax/literals.rdoc b/doc/syntax/literals.rdoc
index 5e10e6a140..0c1e4a434b 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/literals.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/literals.rdoc
@@ -277,6 +277,12 @@ the content.  Note that empty lines and lines consisting solely of literal tabs
 and spaces will be ignored for the purposes of determining indentation, but
 escaped tabs and spaces are considered non-indentation characters.
 
+For the purpose of measuring an indentation, a horizontal tab is regarded as a
+sequence of one to eight spaces such that the column position corresponding to
+its end is a multiple of eight.  The amount to be removed is counted in terms
+of the number of spaces.  If the boundary appears in the middle of a tab, that
+tab is not removed.
+
 A heredoc allows interpolation and escaped characters.  You may disable
 interpolation and escaping by surrounding the opening identifier with single
 quotes:
@@ -408,9 +414,9 @@ slash (<tt>'/'</tt>) characters:
   re = /foo/ # => /foo/
   re.class   # => Regexp
 
-The trailing slash may be followed by one or more _flag_ characters
-that modify the behavior.
-See {Regexp options}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Options] for details.
+The trailing slash may be followed by one or more modifiers characters
+that set modes for the regexp.
+See {Regexp modes}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Modes] for details.
 
 Interpolation may be used inside regular expressions along with escaped
 characters.  Note that a regular expression may require additional escaped
@@ -517,9 +523,9 @@ A few "symmetrical" character pairs may be used as delimiters:
   %r(foo) # => /foo/
   %r<foo> # => /foo/
 
-The trailing delimiter may be followed by one or more _flag_ characters
-that modify the behavior.
-See {Regexp options}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Options] for details.
+The trailing delimiter may be followed by one or more modifier characters
+that set modes for the regexp.
+See {Regexp modes}[rdoc-ref:Regexp@Modes] for details.
 
 === <tt>%x</tt>: Backtick Literals
 
diff --git a/doc/syntax/modules_and_classes.rdoc b/doc/syntax/modules_and_classes.rdoc
index 024815a5a6..9e05c5c774 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/modules_and_classes.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/modules_and_classes.rdoc
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ functionality:
     remove_method :my_method
   end
 
-Reopening classes is a very powerful feature of Ruby, but it is best to only
-reopen classes you own.  Reopening classes you do not own may lead to naming
-conflicts or difficult to diagnose bugs.
+Reopening modules (or classes) is a very powerful feature of Ruby, but it is
+best to only reopen modules you own.  Reopening modules you do not own may lead
+to naming conflicts or difficult to diagnose bugs.
 
 == Nesting
 
@@ -259,6 +259,28 @@ includes a minimum of built-in methods.  You can use BasicObject to create an
 independent inheritance structure.  See the BasicObject documentation for
 further details.
 
+Just like modules, classes can also be reopened.  You can omit its superclass
+when you reopen a class.  Specifying a different superclass than the previous
+definition will raise an error.
+
+  class C
+  end
+
+  class D < C
+  end
+
+  # OK
+  class D < C
+  end
+
+  # OK
+  class D
+  end
+
+  # TypeError: superclass mismatch for class D
+  class D < String
+  end
+
 == Inheritance
 
 Any method defined on a class is callable from its subclass:
diff --git a/doc/syntax/operators.rdoc b/doc/syntax/operators.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..236b3413b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/syntax/operators.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+= Operators
+
+In Ruby, operators such as <code>+</code>, are defined as methods on the class.
+Literals[rdoc-ref:syntax/literals.rdoc] define their methods within the lower
+level, C language. String class, for example.
+
+Ruby objects can define or overload their own implementation for most operators.
+
+Here is an example:
+
+  class Foo < String
+    def +(str)
+      self.concat(str).concat("another string")
+    end
+  end
+
+  foobar = Foo.new("test ")
+  puts foobar + "baz "
+
+This prints:
+
+  test baz another string
+
+What operators are available is dependent on the implementing class.
+
+== Operator Behavior
+
+How a class behaves to a given operator is specific to that class, since
+operators are method implementations.
+
+When using an operator, it's the expression on the left-hand side of the
+operation that specifies the behavior.
+
+  'a' * 3         #=> "aaa"
+  3 * 'a'         # TypeError: String can't be coerced into Integer
+
+== Logical Operators
+
+Logical operators are not methods, and therefor cannot be
+redefined/overloaded. They are tokenized at a lower level.
+
+Short-circuit logical operators (<code>&&</code>, <code>||</code>,
+<code>and</code>, and <code>or</code>) do not always result in a boolean value.
+Similar to blocks, it's the last evaluated expression that defines the result
+of the operation.
+
+=== <code>&&</code>, <code>and</code>
+
+Both <code>&&</code>/<code>and</code> operators provide short-circuiting by executing each
+side of the operator, left to right, and stopping at the first occurrence of a
+falsey expression. The expression that defines the result is the last one
+executed, whether it be the final expression, or the first occurrence of a falsey
+expression.
+
+Some examples:
+
+  true && 9 && "string"                       #=> "string"
+  (1 + 2) && nil && "string"                  #=> nil
+  (a = 1) && (b = false) && (c = "string")    #=> false
+
+  puts a                                      #=> 1
+  puts b                                      #=> false
+  puts c                                      #=> nil
+
+In this last example, <code>c</code> was initialized, but not defined.
+
+=== <code>||</code>, <code>or</code>
+
+The means by which <code>||</code>/<code>or</code> short-circuits, is to return the result of
+the first expression that is truthy.
+
+Some examples:
+
+  (1 + 2) || true || "string"                 #=> 3
+  false || nil || "string"                    #=> "string"
diff --git a/doc/syntax/pattern_matching.rdoc b/doc/syntax/pattern_matching.rdoc
index b7d614770c..e49c09a1f8 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/pattern_matching.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/pattern_matching.rdoc
@@ -415,6 +415,11 @@ Additionally, when matching custom classes, the expected class can be specified
   end
   #=> "matched: 1"
 
+These core and library classes implement deconstruction:
+
+* MatchData#deconstruct and MatchData#deconstruct_keys;
+* Time#deconstruct_keys, Date#deconstruct_keys, DateTime#deconstruct_keys.
+
 == Guard clauses
 
 +if+ can be used to attach an additional condition (guard clause) when the pattern matches. This condition may use bound variables:
@@ -445,29 +450,6 @@ Additionally, when matching custom classes, the expected class can be specified
   end
   #=> "matched"
 
-== Current feature status
-
-As of Ruby 3.1, find patterns are considered _experimental_: its syntax can change in the future. Every time you use these features in code, a warning will be printed:
-
-  [0] => [*, 0, *]
-  # warning: Find pattern is experimental, and the behavior may change in future versions of Ruby!
-  # warning: One-line pattern matching is experimental, and the behavior may change in future versions of Ruby!
-
-To suppress this warning, one may use the Warning::[]= method:
-
-  Warning[:experimental] = false
-  eval('[0] => [*, 0, *]')
-  # ...no warning printed...
-
-Note that pattern-matching warnings are raised at compile time, so this will not suppress the warning:
-
-  Warning[:experimental] = false # At the time this line is evaluated, the parsing happened and warning emitted
-  [0] => [*, 0, *]
-
-So, only subsequently loaded files or `eval`-ed code is affected by switching the flag.
-
-Alternatively, the command line option <code>-W:no-experimental</code> can be used to turn off "experimental" feature warnings.
-
 == Appendix A. Pattern syntax
 
 Approximate syntax is:
diff --git a/doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc b/doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc
index c900ab1bdc..17d5e67c21 100644
--- a/doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc
+++ b/doc/syntax/refinements.rdoc
@@ -279,6 +279,6 @@ Refinements in descendants have higher precedence than those of ancestors.
 
 == Further Reading
 
-See https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby-master/wiki/RefinementsSpec for the
+See https://github.com/ruby/ruby/wiki/Refinements-Spec for the
 current specification for implementing refinements.  The specification also
 contains more details.
diff --git a/doc/timezone_specifiers.rdoc b/doc/timezone_specifiers.rdoc
deleted file mode 100644
index a6d57a1b21..0000000000
--- a/doc/timezone_specifiers.rdoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-=== Timezone Specifiers
-
-Certain methods in class Time accept arguments that specify timezones:
-
-- Time.at: keyword argument +in:+.
-- Time.new: positional argument +zone+ or keyword argument +in:+.
-- Time.now: keyword argument +in:+.
-- Time#getlocal: positional argument +zone+.
-- Time#localtime: positional argument +zone+.
-
-The value given with any of these must be one of the following:
-
-- A string offset from UTC in the form <tt>'+HH:MM'</tt> or <tt>-HH:MM</tt>,
-  where:
-
-  - +HH+ is the 2-digit hour in the range <tt>0..23</tt>.
-  - +MM+ is the 2-digit minute in the range <tt>0..59</tt>.
-
-  Examples:
-
-    t = Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 20, 15, 1) # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
-    Time.at(t, in: '-23:59')            # => 1999-12-31 20:16:01 -2359
-    Time.at(t, in: '+23:59')            # => 2000-01-02 20:14:01 +2359
-
-- A letter in the range <tt>'A'..'I'</tt> or <tt>'K'..'Z'</tt>;
-  see {List of military time zones}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_time_zones]:
-
-    t = Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 20, 15, 1) # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
-    Time.at(t, in: 'A')                 # => 2000-01-01 21:15:01 +0100
-    Time.at(t, in: 'I')                 # => 2000-01-02 05:15:01 +0900
-    Time.at(t, in: 'K')                 # => 2000-01-02 06:15:01 +1000
-    Time.at(t, in: 'Y')                 # => 2000-01-01 08:15:01 -1200
-    Time.at(t, in: 'Z')                 # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
-
-- An integer number of seconds in the range <tt>-86399..86399</tt>:
-
-    t = Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 20, 15, 1) # => 2000-01-01 20:15:01 UTC
-    Time.at(t, in: -86399)              # => 1999-12-31 20:15:02 -235959
-    Time.at(t, in: 86399)               # => 2000-01-02 20:15:00 +235959
-
---
-TODO:  Pull in and revise the text at the link,
-then add the example class TZ from the tests.
-++
-- A timezone object;
-  see {Timezone Argument}[rdoc-ref:Time@Timezone+Argument] for details.
diff --git a/doc/transcode.rdoc b/doc/transcode.rdoc
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f15dff94a..0000000000
--- a/doc/transcode.rdoc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-# :markup: ruby
-
-class String
-  # call-seq:
-  #   encode(dst_encoding = Encoding.default_internal, **enc_opts) -> string
-  #   encode(dst_encoding, src_encoding, **enc_opts)   -> string
-  #
-  # Returns a copy of +self+ transcoded as determined by +dst_encoding+.
-  # By default, raises an exception if +self+
-  # contains an invalid byte or a character not defined in +dst_encoding+;
-  # that behavior may be modified by encoding options; see below.
-  #
-  # With no arguments:
-  #
-  # - Uses the same encoding if <tt>Encoding.default_internal</tt> is +nil+
-  #   (the default):
-  #
-  #     Encoding.default_internal # => nil
-  #     s = "Ruby\x99".force_encoding('Windows-1252')
-  #     s.encoding                # => #<Encoding:Windows-1252>
-  #     s.bytes                   # => [82, 117, 98, 121, 153]
-  #     t = s.encode              # => "Ruby\x99"
-  #     t.encoding                # => #<Encoding:Windows-1252>
-  #     t.bytes                   # => [82, 117, 98, 121, 226, 132, 162]
-  #
-  # - Otherwise, uses the encoding <tt>Encoding.default_internal</tt>:
-  #
-  #     Encoding.default_internal = 'UTF-8'
-  #     t = s.encode              # => "Ruby™"
-  #     t.encoding                # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
-  #
-  # With only argument +dst_encoding+ given, uses that encoding:
-  #
-  #   s = "Ruby\x99".force_encoding('Windows-1252')
-  #   s.encoding            # => #<Encoding:Windows-1252>
-  #   t = s.encode('UTF-8') # => "Ruby™"
-  #   t.encoding            # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
-  #
-  # With arguments +dst_encoding+ and +src_encoding+ given,
-  # interprets +self+ using +src_encoding+, encodes the new string using +dst_encoding+:
-  #
-  #   s = "Ruby\x99"
-  #   t = s.encode('UTF-8', 'Windows-1252') # => "Ruby™"
-  #   t.encoding                            # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
-  #
-  # Optional keyword arguments +enc_opts+ specify encoding options;
-  # see {Encoding Options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
-  def encode(dst_encoding = Encoding.default_internal, **enc_opts)
-    # Pseudo code
-    Primitive.str_encode(...)
-  end
-end
diff --git a/doc/windows.md b/doc/windows.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65c6b15c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/windows.md
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+# Windows
+
+Ruby supports a few native build platforms for Windows.
+
+* mswin: Build using Microsoft Visual C++ compiler with vcruntimeXXX.dll
+* mingw-msvcrt: Build using compiler for Mingw with msvcrtXX.dll
+* mingw-ucrt: Build using compiler for Mingw with Windows Universal CRT
+
+## Building Ruby using Mingw with UCRT
+
+The easiest build environment is just a standard [RubyInstaller-Devkit]
+installation and [git-for-windows]. You might like to use [VSCode] as an
+editor.
+
+### Build examples
+
+Ruby core development can be done either in Windows `cmd` like:
+
+```
+ridk enable ucrt64
+
+pacman -S --needed %MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX%-openssl %MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX%-libyaml %MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX%-libffi
+
+cd c:\
+mkdir work
+cd work
+git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby
+
+cd c:\work\ruby
+sh autogen.sh
+sh configure  -C --disable-install-doc
+make
+```
+
+or in MSYS2 `bash` like:
+
+```
+ridk enable ucrt64
+bash
+
+pacman -S --needed $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-openssl $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-libyaml $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-libffi
+
+cd /c/
+mkdir work
+cd work
+git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby
+cd ruby
+
+./autogen.sh
+./configure -C --disable-install-doc
+make
+```
+
+[RubyInstaller-Devkit]: https://rubyinstaller.org/
+[git-for-windows]: https://gitforwindows.org/
+[VSCode]: https://code.visualstudio.com/
+
+## Building Ruby using Visual C++
+
+### Requirement
+
+1.  Windows 7 or later.
+
+2.  Visual C++ 12.0 (2013) or later.
+
+    **Note** if you want to build x64 version, use native compiler for
+    x64.
+
+3.  Please set environment variable `INCLUDE`, `LIB`, `PATH`
+    to run required commands properly from the command line.
+
+    **Note** building ruby requires following commands.
+
+    * nmake
+    * cl
+    * ml
+    * lib
+    * dumpbin
+
+4.  If you want to build from GIT source, following commands are required.
+    * patch
+    * sed
+    * ruby 2.0 or later
+
+    You can use [scoop](https://scoop.sh/) to install them like:
+
+    ```
+    scoop install git ruby sed patch
+    ```
+
+5. You need to install required libraries using [vcpkg](https://vcpkg.io/) like:
+
+    ```
+    vcpkg --triplet x64-windows install openssl libffi libyaml zlib
+    ```
+
+6.  Enable Command Extension of your command line.  It's the default behavior
+    of `cmd.exe`.  If you want to enable it explicitly, run `cmd.exe` with
+    `/E:ON` option.
+
+### How to compile and install
+
+1.  Execute `win32\configure.bat` on your build directory.
+    You can specify the target platform as an argument.
+    For example, run `configure --target=i686-mswin32`
+    You can also specify the install directory.
+    For example, run `configure --prefix=<install_directory>`
+    Default of the install directory is `/usr` .
+    The default _PLATFORM_ is `i386-mswin32_`_MSRTVERSION_ on 32-bit
+    platforms, or `x64-mswin64_`_MSRTVERSION_ on x64 platforms.
+    _MSRTVERSION_ is the 2- or 3-digits version of the Microsoft
+    Runtime Library.
+
+2.  Change _RUBY_INSTALL_NAME_ and _RUBY_SO_NAME_ in `Makefile`
+    if you want to change the name of the executable files.
+    And add _RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME_ to change the name of the
+    executable without console window if also you want.
+
+3.  You need specify vcpkg directory to use `--with-opt-dir`
+    option like `configure --with-opt-dir=C:\vcpkg\installed\x64-windows`
+
+4.  Run `nmake up` if you are building from GIT source.
+
+5.  Run `nmake`
+
+6.  Run `nmake check`
+
+7.  Run `nmake install`
+
+### Build examples
+
+* Build on the ruby source directory.
+
+    ```
+    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
+    build directory:        C:\ruby
+    install directory:      C:\usr\local
+    ```
+
+    ```
+    C:
+    cd \ruby
+    win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local
+    nmake
+    nmake check
+    nmake install
+    ```
+
+* Build on the relative directory from the ruby source directory.
+
+    ```
+    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
+    build directory:        C:\ruby\mswin32
+    install directory:      C:\usr\local
+    ```
+
+    ```
+    C:
+    cd \ruby
+    mkdir mswin32
+    cd mswin32
+    ..\win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local
+    nmake
+    nmake check
+    nmake install
+    ```
+
+* Build on the different drive.
+
+    ```
+    ruby source directory:  C:\src\ruby
+    build directory:        D:\build\ruby
+    install directory:      C:\usr\local
+    ```
+
+    ```
+    D:
+    cd D:\build\ruby
+    C:\src\ruby\win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local
+    nmake
+    nmake check
+    nmake install DESTDIR=C:
+    ```
+
+* Build x64 version (requires native x64 VC++ compiler)
+
+    ```
+    ruby source directory:  C:\ruby
+    build directory:        C:\ruby
+    install directory:      C:\usr\local
+    ```
+
+    ```
+    C:
+    cd \ruby
+    win32\configure --prefix=/usr/local --target=x64-mswin64
+    nmake
+    nmake check
+    nmake install
+    ```
+
+### Bugs
+
+You can **NOT** use a path name that contains any white space characters
+as the ruby source directory, this restriction comes from the behavior
+of `!INCLUDE` directives of `NMAKE`.
+
+You can build ruby in any directory including the source directory,
+except `win32` directory in the source directory.
+This is restriction originating in the path search method of `NMAKE`.
+
+## Icons
+
+Any icon files(`*.ico`) in the build directory, directories specified with
+_icondirs_ make variable and `win32` directory under the ruby
+source directory will be included in DLL or executable files, according
+to their base names.
+    $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).ico or ruby.ico   --> $(RUBY_INSTALL_NAME).exe
+    $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).ico or rubyw.ico --> $(RUBYW_INSTALL_NAME).exe
+    the others                             --> $(RUBY_SO_NAME).dll
+
+Although no icons are distributed with the ruby source, you can use
+anything you like. You will be able to find many images by search engines.
+For example, followings are made from [Ruby logo kit]:
+
+* Small [favicon] in the official site
+
+* [vit-ruby.ico] or [icon itself]
+
+[Ruby logo kit]: https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/misc/logo/ruby-logo-kit.zip
+[favicon]: https://www.ruby-lang.org/favicon.ico
+[vit-ruby.ico]: http://ruby.morphball.net/vit-ruby-ico_en.html
+[icon itself]: http://ruby.morphball.net/icon/vit-ruby.ico
diff --git a/doc/yjit/yjit.md b/doc/yjit/yjit.md
index f879e227ad..e6446e3ed1 100644
--- a/doc/yjit/yjit.md
+++ b/doc/yjit/yjit.md
@@ -4,50 +4,59 @@
   </a>
 </p>
 
-
 YJIT - Yet Another Ruby JIT
 ===========================
 
-**DISCLAIMER: Please note that this project is experimental. It is very much a work in progress, it may cause your software to crash, and current performance results will vary widely, especially on larger applications.**
-
 YJIT is a lightweight, minimalistic Ruby JIT built inside CRuby.
-It lazily compiles code using a Basic Block Versioning (BBV) architecture. The target use case is that of servers running
-Ruby on Rails, an area where MJIT has not yet managed to deliver speedups.
-To simplify development, we currently support only macOS and Linux on x86-64, but an ARM64 backend
-is part of future plans.
+It lazily compiles code using a Basic Block Versioning (BBV) architecture.
+YJIT is currently supported for macOS, Linux and BSD on x86-64 and arm64/aarch64 CPUs.
 This project is open source and falls under the same license as CRuby.
 
+<p align="center"><b>
+    If you're using YJIT in production, please
+    <a href="mailto:maxime.chevalierboisvert@shopify.com">share your success stories with us!</a>
+</b></p>
+
 If you wish to learn more about the approach taken, here are some conference talks and publications:
+- RubyKaigi 2023 keynote: [Optimizing YJIT’s Performance, from Inception to Production](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0JRhh8w_4I)
+- RubyKaigi 2023 keynote: [Fitting Rust YJIT into CRuby](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GI7vvAgP_Qs)
+- RubyKaigi 2022 keynote: [Stories from developing YJIT](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMchdR9C8XM)
+- RubyKaigi 2022 talk: [Building a Lightweight IR and Backend for YJIT](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbLGqTxTRp0)
 - RubyKaigi 2021 talk: [YJIT: Building a New JIT Compiler Inside CRuby](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBVLf3yfMs8)
 - Blog post: [YJIT: Building a New JIT Compiler Inside CRuby](https://pointersgonewild.com/2021/06/02/yjit-building-a-new-jit-compiler-inside-cruby/)
+- MPLR 2023 paper: [Evaluating YJIT’s Performance in a Production Context: A Pragmatic Approach](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617651.3622982)
+- VMIL 2021 paper: [YJIT: A Basic Block Versioning JIT Compiler for CRuby](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3486606.3486781)
 - MoreVMs 2021 talk: [YJIT: Building a New JIT Compiler Inside CRuby](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vucLAqv7qpc)
 - ECOOP 2016 talk: [Interprocedural Type Specialization of JavaScript Programs Without Type Analysis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRNBY7Ss97A)
 - ECOOP 2016 paper: [Interprocedural Type Specialization of JavaScript Programs Without Type Analysis](https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2016/6101/pdf/LIPIcs-ECOOP-2016-7.pdf)
 - ECOOP 2015 talk: [Simple and Effective Type Check Removal through Lazy Basic Block Versioning](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-aHBuoiYE0)
 - ECOOP 2015 paper: [Simple and Effective Type Check Removal through Lazy Basic Block Versioning](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1411.0352.pdf)
 
-To cite this repository in your publications, please use this bibtex snippet:
-
-```
-@misc{yjit_ruby_jit,
-  author = {Chevalier-Boisvert, Maxime and Wu, Alan and Patterson, Aaron},
-  title = {YJIT - Yet Another Ruby JIT},
-  year = {2021},
-  publisher = {GitHub},
-  journal = {GitHub repository},
-  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/Shopify/yjit}},
+To cite YJIT in your publications, please cite the MPLR 2023 paper:
+
+```
+@inproceedings{yjit_mplr_2023,
+author = {Chevalier-Boisvert, Maxime and Kokubun, Takashi and Gibbs, Noah and Wu, Si Xing (Alan) and Patterson, Aaron and Issroff, Jemma},
+title = {Evaluating YJIT’s Performance in a Production Context: A Pragmatic Approach},
+year = {2023},
+isbn = {9798400703805},
+publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
+address = {New York, NY, USA},
+url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3617651.3622982},
+doi = {10.1145/3617651.3622982},
+booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Managed Programming Languages and Runtimes},
+pages = {20–33},
+numpages = {14},
+keywords = {dynamically typed, optimization, just-in-time, virtual machine, ruby, compiler, bytecode},
+location = {Cascais, Portugal},
+series = {MPLR 2023}
 }
 ```
 
 ## Current Limitations
 
-YJIT is a work in progress and as such may not yet be mature enough for mission-critical software. Below is a list of known limitations, all of which we plan to eventually address:
-
-- No garbage collection for generated code.
-- Currently supports only macOS and Linux.
-- Currently supports only x86-64 CPUs.
-
-Because there is no GC for generated code yet, your software could run out of executable memory if it is large enough. You can change how much executable memory is allocated using [YJIT's command-line options](#command-line-options).
+YJIT may not be suitable for certain applications. It currently only supports macOS, Linux and BSD on x86-64 and arm64/aarch64 CPUs. YJIT will use more memory than the Ruby interpreter because the JIT compiler needs to generate machine code in memory and maintain additional state information.
+You can change how much executable memory is allocated using [YJIT's command-line options](#command-line-options).
 
 ## Installation
 
@@ -57,6 +66,7 @@ You will need to install:
 - A C compiler such as GCC or Clang
 - GNU Make and Autoconf
 - The Rust compiler `rustc` and Cargo (if you want to build in dev/debug mode)
+  - The Rust version must be [>= 1.58.0](../../yjit/Cargo.toml).
 
 To install the Rust build toolchain, we suggest following the [recommended installation method][rust-install]. Rust also provides first class [support][editor-tools] for many source code editors.
 
@@ -67,51 +77,62 @@ To install the Rust build toolchain, we suggest following the [recommended insta
 
 Start by cloning the `ruby/ruby` repository:
 
-```
+```sh
 git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby yjit
 cd yjit
 ```
 
-The YJIT `ruby` binary can be built with either GCC or Clang. It can be built either in dev (debug) mode or in release mode. For maximum performance, compile YJIT in release mode with GCC. More detailed build instructions are provided in the [Ruby README](https://github.com/ruby/ruby#how-to-compile-and-install).
+The YJIT `ruby` binary can be built with either GCC or Clang. It can be built either in dev (debug) mode or in release mode. For maximum performance, compile YJIT in release mode with GCC. More detailed build instructions are provided in the [Ruby README](https://github.com/ruby/ruby#how-to-build).
 
-```
+```sh
 # Configure in release mode for maximum performance, build and install
 ./autogen.sh
-./configure --enable-yjit --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc --disable--install-rdoc
-make -j install
+./configure --enable-yjit --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc
+make -j && make install
 ```
 
 or
 
+```sh
+# Configure in lower-performance dev (debug) mode for development, build and install
+./autogen.sh
+./configure --enable-yjit=dev --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc
+make -j && make install
 ```
-# Configure in dev (debug) mode for development, build and install
+
+Dev mode includes extended YJIT statistics, but can be slow. For only statistics you can configure in stats mode:
+
+```sh
+# Configure in extended-stats mode without slow runtime checks, build and install
 ./autogen.sh
-./configure --enable-yjit=dev --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc --disable--install-rdoc
-make -j install
+./configure --enable-yjit=stats --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc
+make -j && make install
 ```
 
 On macOS, you may need to specify where to find some libraries:
 
-```
+```sh
 # Install dependencies
-brew install openssl readline libyaml
+brew install openssl libyaml
 
 # Configure in dev (debug) mode for development, build and install
 ./autogen.sh
-./configure --enable-yjit=dev --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc --disable--install-rdoc --with-opt-dir="$(brew --prefix openssl):$(brew --prefix readline):$(brew --prefix libyaml)"
-make -j install
+./configure --enable-yjit=dev --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc --with-opt-dir="$(brew --prefix openssl):$(brew --prefix readline):$(brew --prefix libyaml)"
+make -j && make install
 ```
 
 Typically configure will choose the default C compiler. To specify the C compiler, use
-```
+
+```sh
 # Choosing a specific c compiler
 export CC=/path/to/my/chosen/c/compiler
 ```
+
 before running `./configure`.
 
 You can test that YJIT works correctly by running:
 
-```
+```sh
 # Quick tests found in /bootstraptest
 make btest
 
@@ -126,76 +147,144 @@ make -j test-all
 Once YJIT is built, you can either use `./miniruby` from within your build directory, or switch to the YJIT version of `ruby`
 by using the `chruby` tool:
 
-```
+```sh
 chruby ruby-yjit
 ruby myscript.rb
 ```
 
 You can dump statistics about compilation and execution by running YJIT with the `--yjit-stats` command-line option:
 
-```
+```sh
 ./miniruby --yjit-stats myscript.rb
 ```
 
 The machine code generated for a given method can be printed by adding `puts RubyVM::YJIT.disasm(method(:method_name))` to a Ruby script. Note that no code will be generated if the method is not compiled.
 
-
 ### Command-Line Options
 
 YJIT supports all command-line options supported by upstream CRuby, but also adds a few YJIT-specific options:
 
 - `--yjit`: enable YJIT (disabled by default)
-- `--yjit-call-threshold=N`: number of calls after which YJIT begins to compile a function (default 2)
-- `--yjit-exec-mem-size=N`: size of the executable memory block to allocate, in MiB (default 256 MiB)
-- `--yjit-stats`: produce statistics after the execution of a program (must compile with `cppflags=-DRUBY_DEBUG` to use this)
-- `--yjit-max-versions=N`: maximum number of versions to generate per basic block (default 4)
-- `--yjit-greedy-versioning`: greedy versioning mode (disabled by default, may increase code size)
+- `--yjit-exec-mem-size=N`: size of the executable memory block to allocate, in MiB (default 48 MiB)
+- `--yjit-call-threshold=N`: number of calls after which YJIT begins to compile a function.
+  It defaults to 30, and it's then increased to 120 when the number of ISEQs in the process reaches 40,000.
+- `--yjit-cold-threshold=N`: number of global calls after which an ISEQ is considered cold and not
+  compiled, lower values mean less code is compiled (default 200K)
+- `--yjit-stats`: print statistics after the execution of a program (incurs a run-time cost)
+- `--yjit-stats=quiet`: gather statistics while running a program but don't print them. Stats are accessible through `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats`. (incurs a run-time cost)
+- `--yjit-disable`: disable YJIT despite other `--yjit*` flags for lazily enabling it with `RubyVM::YJIT.enable`
+- `--yjit-code-gc`: enable code GC (disabled by default as of Ruby 3.3).
+  It will cause all machine code to be discarded when the executable memory size limit is hit, meaning JIT compilation will then start over.
+  This can allow you to use a lower executable memory size limit, but may cause a slight drop in performance when the limit is hit.
+- `--yjit-perf`: enable frame pointers and profiling with the `perf` tool
+- `--yjit-trace-exits`: produce a Marshal dump of backtraces from specific exits. Automatically enables `--yjit-stats`
+- `--yjit-trace-exits-sample-rate=N`: trace exit locations only every Nth occurrence
+
+Note that there is also an environment variable `RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE` which can be used to enable YJIT.
+This can be useful for some deployment scripts where specifying an extra command-line option to Ruby is not practical.
+
+You can also enable YJIT at run-time using `RubyVM::YJIT.enable`. This can allow you to enable YJIT after your application is done
+booting, which makes it possible to avoid compiling any initialization code.
+
+You can verify that YJIT is enabled using `RubyVM::YJIT.enabled?` or by checking that `ruby --yjit -v` includes the string `+YJIT`:
+
+```sh
+ruby --yjit -v
+ruby 3.3.0dev (2023-01-31T15:11:10Z master 2a0bf269c9) +YJIT dev [x86_64-darwin22]
+
+ruby --yjit -e "p RubyVM::YJIT.enabled?"
+true
+
+ruby -e "RubyVM::YJIT.enable; p RubyVM::YJIT.enabled?"
+true
+```
 
 ### Benchmarking
 
-We have collected a set of benchmarks and implemented a simple benchmarking harness in the [yjit-bench](https://github.com/Shopify/yjit-bench) repository. This benchmarking harness is designed to disable CPU frequency scaling, set process affinity and disable address space randomization so that the variance between benchmarking runs will be as small as possible. Please kindly note that we are at an early stage in this project.
+We have collected a set of benchmarks and implemented a simple benchmarking harness in the [yjit-bench](https://github.com/Shopify/yjit-bench) repository. This benchmarking harness is designed to disable CPU frequency scaling, set process affinity and disable address space randomization so that the variance between benchmarking runs will be as small as possible.
+
+## Performance Tips for Production Deployments
+
+While YJIT options default to what we think would work well for most workloads,
+they might not necessarily be the best configuration for your application.
+This section covers tips on improving YJIT performance in case YJIT does not
+speed up your application in production.
+
+### Increasing --yjit-exec-mem-size
+
+When JIT code size (`RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats[:code_region_size]`) reaches this value,
+YJIT stops compiling new code. Increasing the executable memory size means more code
+can be optimized by YJIT, at the cost of more memory usage.
+
+If you start Ruby with `--yjit-stats`, e.g. using an environment variable `RUBYOPT=--yjit-stats`,
+`RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats[:ratio_in_yjit]` shows the ratio of YJIT-executed instructions in %.
+Ideally, `ratio_in_yjit` should be as large as 99%, and increasing `--yjit-exec-mem-size` often
+helps improving `ratio_in_yjit`.
+
+### Running workers as long as possible
+
+It's helpful to call the same code as many times as possible before a process restarts.
+If a process is killed too frequently, the time taken for compiling methods may outweigh
+the speedup obtained by compiling them.
+
+You should monitor the number of requests each process has served.
+If you're periodically killing worker processes, e.g. with `unicorn-worker-killer` or `puma_worker_killer`,
+you may want to reduce the killing frequency or increase the limit.
+
+## Reducing YJIT Memory Usage
+
+YJIT allocates memory for JIT code and metadata. Enabling YJIT generally results in more memory usage.
+This section goes over tips on minimizing YJIT memory usage in case it uses more than your capacity.
 
-### Performance Tips
+### Decreasing --yjit-exec-mem-size
 
-This section contains tips on writing Ruby code that will run as fast as possible on YJIT. Some of this advice is based on current limitations of YJIT, while other advice is broadly applicable. It probably won't be practical to apply these tips everywhere in your codebase, but you can profile your code using a tool such as [stackprof](https://github.com/tmm1/stackprof) and refactor the specific methods that make up the largest fractions of the execution time.
+The `--yjit-exec-mem-size` option specifies the JIT code size, but YJIT also uses memory for its metadata,
+which often consumes more memory than JIT code. Generally, YJIT adds memory overhead by roughly
+3-4x of `--yjit-exec-mem-size` in production as of Ruby 3.3. You should multiply that by the number
+of worker processes to estimate the worst case memory overhead.
 
-- Use exceptions for error recovery only, not as part of normal control-flow
+`--yjit-exec-mem-size=48` is the default since Ruby 3.3.1,
+but smaller values like 32 MiB might make sense for your application.
+While doing so, you may want to monitor `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats[:ratio_in_yjit]` as explained above.
+
+### Enabling YJIT lazily
+
+If you enable YJIT by `--yjit` options or `RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE=1`, YJIT may compile code that is
+used only during the application boot. `RubyVM::YJIT.enable` allows you to enable YJIT from Ruby code,
+and you can call this after your application is initialized, e.g. on Unicorn's `after_fork` hook.
+If you use any YJIT options (`--yjit-*`), YJIT will start at boot by default, but `--yjit-disable`
+allows you to start Ruby with the YJIT-disabled mode while passing YJIT tuning options.
+
+## Code Optimization Tips
+
+This section contains tips on writing Ruby code that will run as fast as possible on YJIT. Some of this advice is based on current limitations of YJIT, while other advice is broadly applicable. It probably won't be practical to apply these tips everywhere in your codebase. You should ideally start by profiling your application using a tool such as [stackprof](https://github.com/tmm1/stackprof) so that you can determine which methods make up most of the execution time. You can then refactor the specific methods that make up the largest fractions of the execution time. We do not recommend modifying your entire codebase based on the current limitations of YJIT.
+
+- Avoid using `OpenStruct`
 - Avoid redefining basic integer operations (i.e. +, -, <, >, etc.)
 - Avoid redefining the meaning of `nil`, equality, etc.
 - Avoid allocating objects in the hot parts of your code
-- Use while loops if you can, instead of `integer.times`
 - Minimize layers of indirection
   - Avoid classes that wrap objects if you can
-  - Avoid methods that just call another method, trivial one liner methods
-- CRuby method calls are costly. Favor larger methods over smaller methods.
+  - Avoid methods that just call another method, trivial one-liner methods
 - Try to write code so that the same variables always have the same type
+- Use `while` loops if you can, instead of C methods like `Array#each`
+  - This is not idiomatic Ruby, but could help in hot methods
+- CRuby method calls are costly. Avoid things such as methods that only return a value from a hash or return a constant.
 
-You can also compile YJIT in debug mode and use the `--yjit-stats` command-line option to see which bytecodes cause YJIT to exit, and refactor your code to avoid using these instructions in the hottest methods of your code.
-
-### Memory Statistics
-
-YJIT, including in production configuration, keeps track of the size of generated code. If you check YJIT.runtime_stats you can see them:
-
-```
-$ RUBYOPT="--yjit" irb
-irb(main):001:0> RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats
-=> {:inline_code_size=>331945, :outlined_code_size=>272980}
-```
-
-These are the size in bytes of generated inlined code and generated outlined code. If the combined sizes for generated code are very close to the total YJIT exec-mem-size (see above), YJIT will stop generating code once the limit is reached. Try to make sure you have enough exec-mem-size for the program you're running. By default YJIT will allocate 268,435,456 bytes (256 MiB) of space for generated inlined and outlined code.
+You can also use the `--yjit-stats` command-line option to see which bytecodes cause YJIT to exit, and refactor your code to avoid using these instructions in the hottest methods of your code.
 
 ### Other Statistics
 
-If you compile Ruby with RUBY_DEBUG and/or YJIT_STATS defined and run with "--yjit --yjit-stats", YJIT will track and return performance statistics in RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats.
+If you run `ruby` with `--yjit-stats`, YJIT will track and return performance statistics in `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats`.
 
-```
-$ RUBYOPT="--yjit --yjit-stats" irb
-irb(main):001:0> YJIT.runtime_stats
+```rb
+$ RUBYOPT="--yjit-stats" irb
+irb(main):001:0> RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats
 =>
 {:inline_code_size=>340745,
  :outlined_code_size=>297664,
  :all_stats=>true,
- :exec_instruction=>1547816,
+ :yjit_insns_count=>1547816,
  :send_callsite_not_simple=>7267,
  :send_kw_splat=>7,
  :send_ivar_set_method=>72,
@@ -204,29 +293,38 @@ irb(main):001:0> YJIT.runtime_stats
 
 Some of the counters include:
 
-:exec_instruction - how many Ruby bytecode instructions have been executed
-:binding_allocations - number of bindings allocated
-:binding_set - number of variables set via a binding
-:vm_insns_count - number of instructions executed by the Ruby interpreter
-:compiled_iseq_count - number of bytecode sequences compiled
+* :yjit_insns_count - how many Ruby bytecode instructions have been executed
+* :binding_allocations - number of bindings allocated
+* :binding_set - number of variables set via a binding
+* :code_gc_count - number of garbage collections of compiled code since process start
+* :vm_insns_count - number of instructions executed by the Ruby interpreter
+* :compiled_iseq_count - number of bytecode sequences compiled
+* :inline_code_size - size in bytes of compiled YJIT blocks
+* :outline_code_size - size in bytes of YJIT error-handling compiled code
+* :side_exit_count - number of side exits taken at runtime
+* :total_exit_count - number of exits, including side exits, taken at runtime
+* :avg_len_in_yjit - avg. number of instructions in compiled blocks before exiting to interpreter
+
+Counters starting with "exit_" show reasons for YJIT code taking a side exit (return to the interpreter.)
 
-Counters starting with "exit_" show reasons for YJIT code taking a side exit (return to the interpreter.) See yjit_hacking.md for more details.
+Performance counter names are not guaranteed to remain the same between Ruby versions. If you're curious what each counter means,
+it's usually best to search the source code for it &mdash; but it may change in a later Ruby version.
 
-Performance counter names are not guaranteed to remain the same between Ruby versions. If you're curious what one does, it's usually best to search the source code for it &mdash; but it may change in a later Ruby version.
+The printed text after a `--yjit-stats` run includes other information that may be named differently than the information in `RubyVM::YJIT.runtime_stats`.
 
 ## Contributing
 
-We welcome open source contributors. You should feel free to open new issues to report bugs or just to ask questions.
+We welcome open source contributions. You should feel free to open new issues to report bugs or just to ask questions.
 Suggestions on how to make this readme file more helpful for new contributors are most welcome.
 
 Bug fixes and bug reports are very valuable to us. If you find a bug in YJIT, it's very possible be that nobody has reported it before,
 or that we don't have a good reproduction for it, so please open an issue and provide as much information as you can about your configuration and a description of how you encountered the problem. List the commands you used to run YJIT so that we can easily reproduce the issue on our end and investigate it. If you are able to produce a small program reproducing the error to help us track it down, that is very much appreciated as well.
 
-If you would like to contribute a large patch to YJIT, we suggest opening an issue or a discussion on this repository so that
+If you would like to contribute a large patch to YJIT, we suggest opening an issue or a discussion on the [Shopify/ruby repository](https://github.com/Shopify/ruby/issues) so that
 we can have an active discussion. A common problem is that sometimes people submit large pull requests to open source projects
 without prior communication, and we have to reject them because the work they implemented does not fit within the design of the
-project. We want to save you time and frustration, so please reach out and we can have a productive discussion as to how
-you can contribute things we will want to merge into YJIT.
+project. We want to save you time and frustration, so please reach out so we can have a productive discussion as to how
+you can contribute patches we will want to merge into YJIT.
 
 ### Source Code Organization
 
@@ -239,10 +337,8 @@ The YJIT source code is divided between:
 - `yjit/src/core.rb`: basic block versioning logic, core structure of YJIT
 - `yjit/src/stats.rs`: gathering of run-time statistics
 - `yjit/src/options.rs`: handling of command-line options
-- `yjit/bindgen/src/main.rs`: C bindings exposed to the Rust codebase through bindgen
 - `yjit/src/cruby.rs`: C bindings manually exposed to the Rust codebase
-- `misc/test_yjit_asm.sh`: script to compile and run the in-memory assembler tests
-- `misc/yjit_asm_tests.c`: tests for the in-memory assembler
+- `yjit/bindgen/src/main.rs`: C bindings exposed to the Rust codebase through bindgen
 
 The core of CRuby's interpreter logic is found in:
 - `insns.def`: defines Ruby's bytecode instructions (gets compiled into `vm.inc`)
@@ -265,57 +361,58 @@ add them to `yjit/cruby.rs` instead.
 
 ### Coding & Debugging Protips
 
-There are 3 test suites:
+There are multiple test suites:
 - `make btest` (see `/bootstraptest`)
 - `make test-all`
 - `make test-spec`
 - `make check` runs all of the above
+- `make yjit-smoke-test` runs quick checks to see that YJIT is working correctly
 
 The tests can be run in parallel like this:
 
-```
+```sh
 make -j test-all RUN_OPTS="--yjit-call-threshold=1"
 ```
 
 Or single-threaded like this, to more easily identify which specific test is failing:
 
-```
+```sh
 make test-all TESTOPTS=--verbose RUN_OPTS="--yjit-call-threshold=1"
 ```
 
 To debug a single test in `test-all`:
 
-```
+```sh
 make test-all TESTS='test/-ext-/marshal/test_usrmarshal.rb' RUNRUBYOPT=--debugger=lldb RUN_OPTS="--yjit-call-threshold=1"
 ```
 
 You can also run one specific test in `btest`:
 
-```
+```sh
 make btest BTESTS=bootstraptest/test_ractor.rb RUN_OPTS="--yjit-call-threshold=1"
 ```
 
 There are shortcuts to run/debug your own test/repro in `test.rb`:
 
-```
+```sh
 make run  # runs ./miniruby test.rb
 make lldb # launches ./miniruby test.rb in lldb
 ```
 
 You can use the Intel syntax for disassembly in LLDB, keeping it consistent with YJIT's disassembly:
 
-```
+```sh
 echo "settings set target.x86-disassembly-flavor intel" >> ~/.lldbinit
 ```
 
-## Running YJIT on M1
+## Running x86 YJIT on Apple's Rosetta
 
-It is possible to run YJIT on an Apple M1 via Rosetta.  You can find basic
+For development purposes, it is possible to run x86 YJIT on an Apple M1 via Rosetta.  You can find basic
 instructions below, but there are a few caveats listed further down.
 
 First, install Rosetta:
 
-```
+```sh
 $ softwareupdate --install-rosetta
 ```
 
@@ -323,13 +420,13 @@ Now any command can be run with Rosetta via the `arch` command line tool.
 
 Then you can start your shell in an x86 environment:
 
-```
+```sh
 $ arch -x86_64 zsh
 ```
 
 You can double check your current architecture via the `arch` command:
 
-```
+```sh
 $ arch -x86_64 zsh
 $ arch
 i386
@@ -337,15 +434,42 @@ i386
 
 You may need to set the default target for `rustc` to x86-64, e.g.
 
-```
+```sh
 $ rustup default stable-x86_64-apple-darwin
 ```
 
 While in your i386 shell, install Cargo and Homebrew, then hack away!
 
-### M1 Caveats
+### Rosetta Caveats
 
 1. You must install a version of Homebrew for each architecture
 2. Cargo will install in $HOME/.cargo by default, and I don't know a good way to change architectures after install
 
 If you use Fish shell you can [read this link](https://tenderlovemaking.com/2022/01/07/homebrew-rosetta-and-ruby.html) for information on making the dev environment easier.
+
+## Profiling with Linux perf
+
+`--yjit-perf` allows you to profile JIT-ed methods along with other native functions using Linux perf.
+When you run Ruby with `perf record`, perf looks up `/tmp/perf-{pid}.map` to resolve symbols in JIT code,
+and this option lets YJIT write method symbols into that file as well as enabling frame pointers.
+
+Here's an example way to use this option with [Firefox Profiler](https://profiler.firefox.com)
+(See also: [Profiling with Linux perf](https://profiler.firefox.com/docs/#/./guide-perf-profiling)):
+
+```bash
+# Compile the interpreter with frame pointers enabled
+./configure --enable-yjit --prefix=$HOME/.rubies/ruby-yjit --disable-install-doc cflags=-fno-omit-frame-pointer
+make -j && make install
+
+# [Optional] Allow running perf without sudo
+echo 0 | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict
+echo -1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid
+
+# Profile Ruby with --yjit-perf
+cd ../yjit-bench
+perf record --call-graph fp -- ruby --yjit-perf -Iharness-perf benchmarks/liquid-render/benchmark.rb
+
+# View results on Firefox Profiler https://profiler.firefox.com.
+# Create /tmp/test.perf as below and upload it using "Load a profile from file".
+perf script --fields +pid > /tmp/test.perf
+```
diff --git a/enc/cesu_8.c b/enc/cesu_8.c
index decbb928f4..75f62df280 100644
--- a/enc/cesu_8.c
+++ b/enc/cesu_8.c
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@
 #define VALID_CODE_LIMIT  0x0010ffff
 
 #define utf8_islead(c)     ((UChar )((c) & 0xc0) != 0x80)
+#define utf16_is_high_surrogate(v) ((v >> 10) == 0x36)
+#define utf16_is_low_surrogate(v)  ((v >> 10) == 0x37)
 
 static const int EncLen_CESU8[] = {
   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
@@ -283,6 +285,12 @@ is_mbc_newline(const UChar* p, const UChar* end, OnigEncoding enc)
   return 0;
 }
 
+static int
+utf8_decode_3byte_sequence(const UChar* p)
+{
+    return ((p[0] & 0xF) << 12) | ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (p[2] & 0x3f);
+}
+
 static OnigCodePoint
 mbc_to_code(const UChar* p, const UChar* end, OnigEncoding enc)
 {
@@ -295,11 +303,11 @@ mbc_to_code(const UChar* p, const UChar* end, OnigEncoding enc)
     case 2:
       return ((p[0] & 0x1F)  << 6) | (p[1] & 0x3f);
     case 3:
-      return ((p[0] & 0xF) << 12) | ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (p[2] & 0x3f);
+      return utf8_decode_3byte_sequence(p);
     case 6:
       {
-          int high = ((p[0] & 0xF) << 12) | ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (p[2] & 0x3f);
-          int low  = ((p[3] & 0xF) << 12) | ((p[4] & 0x3f) << 6) | (p[5] & 0x3f);
+          int high = utf8_decode_3byte_sequence(p);
+          int low  = utf8_decode_3byte_sequence(p + 3);
           return ((high & 0x03ff) << 10) + (low & 0x03ff) + 0x10000;
       }
   }
@@ -410,7 +418,6 @@ get_ctype_code_range(OnigCtype ctype, OnigCodePoint *sb_out,
   return onigenc_unicode_ctype_code_range(ctype, ranges);
 }
 
-
 static UChar*
 left_adjust_char_head(const UChar* start, const UChar* s, const UChar* end, OnigEncoding enc ARG_UNUSED)
 {
@@ -420,6 +427,14 @@ left_adjust_char_head(const UChar* start, const UChar* s, const UChar* end, Onig
   p = s;
 
   while (!utf8_islead(*p) && p > start) p--;
+
+  if (p > start && s - p == 2 && utf16_is_low_surrogate(utf8_decode_3byte_sequence(p))) {
+    const UChar *p_surrogate_pair = p - 1;
+    while (!utf8_islead(*p_surrogate_pair) && p_surrogate_pair > start) p_surrogate_pair--;
+    if (p - p_surrogate_pair == 3 && utf16_is_high_surrogate(utf8_decode_3byte_sequence(p_surrogate_pair))) {
+      return (UChar* )p_surrogate_pair;
+    }
+  }
   return (UChar* )p;
 }
 
diff --git a/enc/depend b/enc/depend
index 60c5a3ebb2..12ddbc223a 100644
--- a/enc/depend
+++ b/enc/depend
@@ -58,12 +58,8 @@ TRANSCLEANOBJS = <%=cleanobjs.map {|clean|
 LIBTRANS=enc/libtrans.$(LIBEXT)
 UNICODE_HDR_DIR = --missing-unicode-header-dir--
 
-encs: all
-% if MODULE_TYPE == :static
-all: libenc libtrans
-% else
-all: enc trans
-%end
+encs all: <%= MODULE_TYPE == :static ? "lib" : "mod" %>encs
+modencs: enc trans
 libencs: libenc libtrans
 enc: $(ENCSOS)
 libenc: $(LIBENC)
@@ -234,6 +230,7 @@ enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -302,7 +299,6 @@ enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -333,7 +329,6 @@ enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -405,6 +400,7 @@ enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -464,7 +460,6 @@ enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -495,7 +490,6 @@ enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -568,6 +562,7 @@ enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -636,7 +631,6 @@ enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -667,7 +661,6 @@ enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -739,6 +732,7 @@ enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -798,7 +792,6 @@ enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -829,7 +822,6 @@ enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/cp949.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -900,6 +892,7 @@ enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -959,7 +952,6 @@ enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -990,7 +982,6 @@ enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/emacs_mule.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1062,6 +1053,7 @@ enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1130,7 +1122,6 @@ enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1161,7 +1152,6 @@ enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/encdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1235,6 +1225,7 @@ enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1294,7 +1285,6 @@ enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1325,7 +1315,6 @@ enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/euc_jp.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1396,6 +1385,7 @@ enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1455,7 +1445,6 @@ enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1486,7 +1475,6 @@ enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/euc_kr.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1557,6 +1545,7 @@ enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1616,7 +1605,6 @@ enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1647,7 +1635,6 @@ enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/euc_tw.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1718,6 +1705,7 @@ enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1777,7 +1765,6 @@ enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1808,7 +1795,6 @@ enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1879,6 +1865,7 @@ enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1938,7 +1925,6 @@ enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1969,7 +1955,6 @@ enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/gb2312.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2040,6 +2025,7 @@ enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2099,7 +2085,6 @@ enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2130,7 +2115,6 @@ enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2202,6 +2186,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2261,7 +2246,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2292,7 +2276,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_1.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2364,6 +2347,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2423,7 +2407,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2454,7 +2437,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_10.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2525,6 +2507,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2584,7 +2567,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2615,7 +2597,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_11.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2687,6 +2668,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2746,7 +2728,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2777,7 +2758,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_13.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2849,6 +2829,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2908,7 +2889,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2939,7 +2919,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_14.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3011,6 +2990,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3070,7 +3050,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3101,7 +3080,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_15.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3173,6 +3151,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3232,7 +3211,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3263,7 +3241,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_16.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3335,6 +3312,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3394,7 +3372,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3425,7 +3402,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_2.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3497,6 +3473,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3556,7 +3533,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3587,7 +3563,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_3.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3659,6 +3634,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3718,7 +3694,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3749,7 +3724,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_4.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3820,6 +3794,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3879,7 +3854,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3910,7 +3884,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_5.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3981,6 +3954,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4040,7 +4014,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4071,7 +4044,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_6.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4142,6 +4114,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4201,7 +4174,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4232,7 +4204,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_7.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4303,6 +4274,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4362,7 +4334,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4393,7 +4364,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4465,6 +4435,7 @@ enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4524,7 +4495,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4555,7 +4525,6 @@ enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/iso_8859_9.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4626,6 +4595,7 @@ enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4685,7 +4655,6 @@ enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4716,7 +4685,6 @@ enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/koi8_r.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4787,6 +4755,7 @@ enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4846,7 +4815,6 @@ enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4877,7 +4845,6 @@ enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/koi8_u.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4951,6 +4918,7 @@ enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5010,7 +4978,6 @@ enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5041,7 +5008,6 @@ enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/shift_jis.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5111,6 +5077,7 @@ enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5170,7 +5137,6 @@ enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5201,7 +5167,6 @@ enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/big5.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5270,6 +5235,7 @@ enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5329,7 +5295,6 @@ enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5360,7 +5325,6 @@ enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/cesu_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5429,6 +5393,7 @@ enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5488,7 +5453,6 @@ enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5519,7 +5483,6 @@ enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/chinese.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5588,6 +5551,7 @@ enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5647,7 +5611,6 @@ enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5678,7 +5641,6 @@ enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/ebcdic.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5747,6 +5709,7 @@ enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5806,7 +5769,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5837,7 +5799,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/emoji.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5906,6 +5867,7 @@ enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5965,7 +5927,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5996,7 +5957,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/emoji_iso2022_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6065,6 +6025,7 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6124,7 +6085,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6155,7 +6115,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_docomo.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6224,6 +6183,7 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6283,7 +6243,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6314,7 +6273,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_kddi.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6383,6 +6341,7 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6442,7 +6401,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6473,7 +6431,6 @@ enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/emoji_sjis_softbank.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6542,6 +6499,7 @@ enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6601,7 +6559,6 @@ enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6632,7 +6589,6 @@ enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/escape.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6701,6 +6657,7 @@ enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6760,7 +6717,6 @@ enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6791,7 +6747,6 @@ enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/gb18030.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6860,6 +6815,7 @@ enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6919,7 +6875,6 @@ enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6950,7 +6905,6 @@ enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/gbk.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7019,6 +6973,7 @@ enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7078,7 +7033,6 @@ enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7109,7 +7063,6 @@ enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/iso2022.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7178,6 +7131,7 @@ enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7237,7 +7191,6 @@ enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7268,7 +7221,6 @@ enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/japanese.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7337,6 +7289,7 @@ enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7396,7 +7349,6 @@ enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7427,7 +7379,6 @@ enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/japanese_euc.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7496,6 +7447,7 @@ enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7555,7 +7507,6 @@ enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7586,7 +7537,6 @@ enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/japanese_sjis.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7655,6 +7605,7 @@ enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7714,7 +7665,6 @@ enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7745,7 +7695,6 @@ enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/korean.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7813,6 +7762,7 @@ enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -7872,7 +7822,6 @@ enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -7903,7 +7852,6 @@ enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/newline.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -7972,6 +7920,7 @@ enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8031,7 +7980,6 @@ enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8062,7 +8010,6 @@ enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/single_byte.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8131,6 +8078,7 @@ enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8190,7 +8138,6 @@ enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8221,7 +8168,6 @@ enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/transdb.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8291,6 +8237,7 @@ enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8350,7 +8297,6 @@ enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8381,7 +8327,6 @@ enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/utf8_mac.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8450,6 +8395,7 @@ enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8509,7 +8455,6 @@ enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8540,7 +8485,6 @@ enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/trans/utf_16_32.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8612,6 +8556,7 @@ enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8671,7 +8616,6 @@ enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8702,7 +8646,6 @@ enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/unicode.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8774,6 +8717,7 @@ enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -8842,7 +8786,6 @@ enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -8873,7 +8816,6 @@ enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/us_ascii.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -8946,6 +8888,7 @@ enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9005,7 +8948,6 @@ enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9036,7 +8978,6 @@ enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/utf_16be.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9108,6 +9049,7 @@ enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9167,7 +9109,6 @@ enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9198,7 +9139,6 @@ enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/utf_16le.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9270,6 +9210,7 @@ enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9329,7 +9270,6 @@ enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9360,7 +9300,6 @@ enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/utf_32be.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9432,6 +9371,7 @@ enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9491,7 +9431,6 @@ enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9522,7 +9461,6 @@ enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/utf_32le.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9594,6 +9532,7 @@ enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9662,7 +9601,6 @@ enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9693,7 +9631,6 @@ enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/utf_8.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9766,6 +9703,7 @@ enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9825,7 +9763,6 @@ enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -9856,7 +9793,6 @@ enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_1250.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -9927,6 +9863,7 @@ enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -9986,7 +9923,6 @@ enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10017,7 +9953,6 @@ enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_1251.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10089,6 +10024,7 @@ enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10148,7 +10084,6 @@ enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10179,7 +10114,6 @@ enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_1252.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10250,6 +10184,7 @@ enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10309,7 +10244,6 @@ enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10340,7 +10274,6 @@ enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_1253.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10412,6 +10345,7 @@ enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10471,7 +10405,6 @@ enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10502,7 +10435,6 @@ enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_1254.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10574,6 +10506,7 @@ enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10633,7 +10566,6 @@ enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10664,7 +10596,6 @@ enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_1257.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
@@ -10738,6 +10669,7 @@ enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/pure.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -10797,7 +10729,6 @@ enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/error.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/eval.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/file.h
-enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/gc.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/hash.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/io.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/intern/load.h
@@ -10828,7 +10759,6 @@ enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/memory.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/method.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/module.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/newobj.h
-enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/rgengc.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/scan_args.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/special_consts.h
 enc/windows_31j.$(OBJEXT): internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/enc/encdb.c b/enc/encdb.c
index a1936df804..8247e9ff6a 100644
--- a/enc/encdb.c
+++ b/enc/encdb.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #define ENC_DEFINE(name) rb_encdb_declare(name)
 #define ENC_SET_BASE(name, orig) rb_enc_set_base((name), (orig))
 #define ENC_SET_DUMMY(name, orig) rb_enc_set_dummy(name)
-#define ENC_DUMMY_UNICODE(name) rb_encdb_set_unicode(rb_enc_set_dummy(ENC_REPLICATE((name), name "BE")))
+#define ENC_DUMMY_UNICODE(name) ENC_DUMMY(name)
 
 void
 Init_encdb(void)
diff --git a/enc/jis/props.h.blt b/enc/jis/props.h.blt
index 54aa94f8bc..508a084449 100644
--- a/enc/jis/props.h.blt
+++ b/enc/jis/props.h.blt
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ struct enc_property {
     unsigned char ctype;
 };
 
-static const struct enc_property *onig_jis_property(/*const char *str, unsigned int len*/);
+static const struct enc_property *onig_jis_property(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 #line 43 "enc/jis/props.kwd"
 struct enc_property;
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ struct enc_property;
 
 #ifndef GPERF_DOWNCASE
 #define GPERF_DOWNCASE 1
-static unsigned char gperf_downcase[256] =
+static const unsigned char gperf_downcase[256] =
   {
       0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9,  10,  11,  12,  13,  14,
      15,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29,
diff --git a/enc/jis/props.kwd b/enc/jis/props.kwd
index 659cf0aff4..9606828459 100644
--- a/enc/jis/props.kwd
+++ b/enc/jis/props.kwd
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ struct enc_property {
     unsigned char ctype;
 };
 
-static const struct enc_property *onig_jis_property(/*!ANSI{*/const char *str, unsigned int len/*}!ANSI*/);
+static const struct enc_property *onig_jis_property(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 %}
 
 struct enc_property;
diff --git a/enc/jis/props.src b/enc/jis/props.src
index 659cf0aff4..9606828459 100644
--- a/enc/jis/props.src
+++ b/enc/jis/props.src
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ struct enc_property {
     unsigned char ctype;
 };
 
-static const struct enc_property *onig_jis_property(/*!ANSI{*/const char *str, unsigned int len/*}!ANSI*/);
+static const struct enc_property *onig_jis_property(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 %}
 
 struct enc_property;
diff --git a/enc/make_encmake.rb b/enc/make_encmake.rb
index bc0597e3f4..fcfc2c9267 100755
--- a/enc/make_encmake.rb
+++ b/enc/make_encmake.rb
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ else
 end
 mkin = File.read(File.join($srcdir, "Makefile.in"))
 mkin.gsub!(/@(#{CONFIG.keys.join('|')})@/) {CONFIG[$1]}
-open(ARGV[0], 'wb') {|f|
+File.open(ARGV[0], 'wb') {|f|
   f.puts mkin, dep
 }
 if MODULE_TYPE == :static
diff --git a/enc/trans/big5-uao-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/big5-uao-tbl.rb
index 295fbfdda5..a6f37cc7bd 100644
--- a/enc/trans/big5-uao-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/big5-uao-tbl.rb
@@ -19781,4 +19781,4 @@ BIG5_UAO_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["FEFC",0x8262],
   ["FEFD",0x826A],
   ["FEFE",0x8288],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/cp850-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/cp850-tbl.rb
index 615d3b2599..e0d120c803 100644
--- a/enc/trans/cp850-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/cp850-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ CP850_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/cp852-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/cp852-tbl.rb
index 6763bfa6e9..ad32cdc59d 100644
--- a/enc/trans/cp852-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/cp852-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ CP852_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/cp855-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/cp855-tbl.rb
index 72e548b9cb..a2ca9daf97 100644
--- a/enc/trans/cp855-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/cp855-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ CP855_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/gbk-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/gbk-tbl.rb
index 26f5078c45..40929f992e 100644
--- a/enc/trans/gbk-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/gbk-tbl.rb
@@ -21791,4 +21791,4 @@ GBK_TO_UCS_TBL= [
   ["A3FE",0xFFE3],
   ["A957",0xFFE4],
   ["A3A4",0xFFE5],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm437-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm437-tbl.rb
index 5ae64d621e..6a823c293d 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm437-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm437-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM437_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm775-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm775-tbl.rb
index f55679f409..2b79780813 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm775-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm775-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM775_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm852-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm852-tbl.rb
index 6cec51cf80..3e70daef2e 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm852-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm852-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM852_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm855-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm855-tbl.rb
index 7e0cc5014f..b4c0244728 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm855-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm855-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM855_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm857-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm857-tbl.rb
index 5b20d389d3..c1c76545ed 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm857-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm857-tbl.rb
@@ -124,4 +124,4 @@ IBM857_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm860-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm860-tbl.rb
index ae218a129f..77734cd194 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm860-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm860-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM860_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm861-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm861-tbl.rb
index c24042a76c..69e0a45019 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm861-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm861-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM861_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm862-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm862-tbl.rb
index 31d6fb0243..f564051fd6 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm862-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm862-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM862_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm863-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm863-tbl.rb
index db110cf38c..af1eb97566 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm863-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm863-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM863_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm865-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm865-tbl.rb
index 22e322fb31..4747509d66 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm865-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm865-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM865_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm866-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm866-tbl.rb
index 95b9ee7534..ed4b0d683e 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm866-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm866-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ IBM866_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/ibm869-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/ibm869-tbl.rb
index 437e41ad98..bee85b84ea 100644
--- a/enc/trans/ibm869-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/ibm869-tbl.rb
@@ -118,4 +118,4 @@ IBM869_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B1",0x2592],
   ["B2",0x2593],
   ["FE",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/koi8-r-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/koi8-r-tbl.rb
index a1f55ff2e3..4cfe523334 100644
--- a/enc/trans/koi8-r-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/koi8-r-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ KOI8_R_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["91",0x2592],
   ["92",0x2593],
   ["94",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/koi8-u-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/koi8-u-tbl.rb
index e87aa1aa3f..225931ba5e 100644
--- a/enc/trans/koi8-u-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/koi8-u-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ KOI8_U_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["91",0x2592],
   ["92",0x2593],
   ["94",0x25A0],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/maccroatian-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/maccroatian-tbl.rb
index 359878ec1f..e78f2f373f 100644
--- a/enc/trans/maccroatian-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/maccroatian-tbl.rb
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ MACCROATIAN_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
   ["D7",0x25CA],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/maccyrillic-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/maccyrillic-tbl.rb
index 378aa8c3bc..2d5af7b466 100644
--- a/enc/trans/maccyrillic-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/maccyrillic-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ MACCYRILLIC_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["AD",0x2260],
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/macgreek-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/macgreek-tbl.rb
index 7f75fde6d2..645aefe5ff 100644
--- a/enc/trans/macgreek-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/macgreek-tbl.rb
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ MACGREEK_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["AD",0x2260],
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/maciceland-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/maciceland-tbl.rb
index 818d992274..ee9b5000d9 100644
--- a/enc/trans/maciceland-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/maciceland-tbl.rb
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ MACICELAND_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
   ["D7",0x25CA],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/macroman-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/macroman-tbl.rb
index 8f74eea27f..9a8172554a 100644
--- a/enc/trans/macroman-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/macroman-tbl.rb
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ MACROMAN_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["D7",0x25CA],
   ["DE",0xFB01],
   ["DF",0xFB02],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/macromania-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/macromania-tbl.rb
index ff95c5e957..29a7942d9b 100644
--- a/enc/trans/macromania-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/macromania-tbl.rb
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ MACROMANIA_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
   ["D7",0x25CA],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/macturkish-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/macturkish-tbl.rb
index 2358672ed6..883f693e23 100644
--- a/enc/trans/macturkish-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/macturkish-tbl.rb
@@ -125,4 +125,4 @@ MACTURKISH_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
   ["D7",0x25CA],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/macukraine-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/macukraine-tbl.rb
index 6941af654d..09acf7c45a 100644
--- a/enc/trans/macukraine-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/macukraine-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ MACUKRAINE_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["AD",0x2260],
   ["B2",0x2264],
   ["B3",0x2265],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1250-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1250-tbl.rb
index 52063e17b1..9cdb432a03 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1250-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1250-tbl.rb
@@ -122,4 +122,4 @@ WINDOWS_1250_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["9B",0x203A],
   ["80",0x20AC],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1251-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1251-tbl.rb
index 870c718b72..3c6c4ca0bb 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1251-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1251-tbl.rb
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ WINDOWS_1251_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["88",0x20AC],
   ["B9",0x2116],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1252-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1252-tbl.rb
index cefc72dff2..86a7be41e7 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1252-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1252-tbl.rb
@@ -122,4 +122,4 @@ WINDOWS_1252_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["9B",0x203A],
   ["80",0x20AC],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1253-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1253-tbl.rb
index 132edb60ba..b9d47be2e0 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1253-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1253-tbl.rb
@@ -110,4 +110,4 @@ WINDOWS_1253_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["9B",0x203A],
   ["80",0x20AC],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1254-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1254-tbl.rb
index 81a747afaa..84063abf05 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1254-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1254-tbl.rb
@@ -120,4 +120,4 @@ WINDOWS_1254_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["9B",0x203A],
   ["80",0x20AC],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1256-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1256-tbl.rb
index 25c5874fb0..0b76c824d1 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1256-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1256-tbl.rb
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ WINDOWS_1256_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["9B",0x203A],
   ["80",0x20AC],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-1257-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-1257-tbl.rb
index 9e89b2b0b5..7f15cbbd50 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-1257-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-1257-tbl.rb
@@ -115,4 +115,4 @@ WINDOWS_1257_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["9B",0x203A],
   ["80",0x20AC],
   ["99",0x2122],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/trans/windows-874-tbl.rb b/enc/trans/windows-874-tbl.rb
index 0552df3d28..a569765bf0 100644
--- a/enc/trans/windows-874-tbl.rb
+++ b/enc/trans/windows-874-tbl.rb
@@ -96,4 +96,4 @@ WINDOWS_874_TO_UCS_TBL = [
   ["95",0x2022],
   ["85",0x2026],
   ["80",0x20AC],
-]
-\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/enc/unicode/14.0.0/casefold.h b/enc/unicode/14.0.0/casefold.h
deleted file mode 100644
index d387cff628..0000000000
--- a/enc/unicode/14.0.0/casefold.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7629 +0,0 @@
-/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. */
-/* Generated by enc/unicode/case-folding.rb */
-
-#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING && !( \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR == 14 && \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR == 0 && \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY == 0 && \
-      1)
-# error ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING mismatch
-#endif
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING "14.0.0"
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR 14
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR 0
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY 0
-
-static const CaseFold_11_Type CaseFold_11_Table[] = {
-#define CaseFold (*(CaseFold_11_Type (*)[1528])(CaseFold_11_Table+0))
-  {0x0041, {1|F|D, {0x0061}}},
-  {0x0042, {1|F|D, {0x0062}}},
-  {0x0043, {1|F|D, {0x0063}}},
-  {0x0044, {1|F|D, {0x0064}}},
-  {0x0045, {1|F|D, {0x0065}}},
-  {0x0046, {1|F|D, {0x0066}}},
-  {0x0047, {1|F|D, {0x0067}}},
-  {0x0048, {1|F|D, {0x0068}}},
-  {0x004a, {1|F|D, {0x006a}}},
-  {0x004b, {1|F|D, {0x006b}}},
-  {0x004c, {1|F|D, {0x006c}}},
-  {0x004d, {1|F|D, {0x006d}}},
-  {0x004e, {1|F|D, {0x006e}}},
-  {0x004f, {1|F|D, {0x006f}}},
-  {0x0050, {1|F|D, {0x0070}}},
-  {0x0051, {1|F|D, {0x0071}}},
-  {0x0052, {1|F|D, {0x0072}}},
-  {0x0053, {1|F|D, {0x0073}}},
-  {0x0054, {1|F|D, {0x0074}}},
-  {0x0055, {1|F|D, {0x0075}}},
-  {0x0056, {1|F|D, {0x0076}}},
-  {0x0057, {1|F|D, {0x0077}}},
-  {0x0058, {1|F|D, {0x0078}}},
-  {0x0059, {1|F|D, {0x0079}}},
-  {0x005a, {1|F|D, {0x007a}}},
-  {0x00b5, {1|F|SU|I(0), {0x03bc}}},
-  {0x00c0, {1|F|D, {0x00e0}}},
-  {0x00c1, {1|F|D, {0x00e1}}},
-  {0x00c2, {1|F|D, {0x00e2}}},
-  {0x00c3, {1|F|D, {0x00e3}}},
-  {0x00c4, {1|F|D, {0x00e4}}},
-  {0x00c5, {1|F|D, {0x00e5}}},
-  {0x00c6, {1|F|D, {0x00e6}}},
-  {0x00c7, {1|F|D, {0x00e7}}},
-  {0x00c8, {1|F|D, {0x00e8}}},
-  {0x00c9, {1|F|D, {0x00e9}}},
-  {0x00ca, {1|F|D, {0x00ea}}},
-  {0x00cb, {1|F|D, {0x00eb}}},
-  {0x00cc, {1|F|D, {0x00ec}}},
-  {0x00cd, {1|F|D, {0x00ed}}},
-  {0x00ce, {1|F|D, {0x00ee}}},
-  {0x00cf, {1|F|D, {0x00ef}}},
-  {0x00d0, {1|F|D, {0x00f0}}},
-  {0x00d1, {1|F|D, {0x00f1}}},
-  {0x00d2, {1|F|D, {0x00f2}}},
-  {0x00d3, {1|F|D, {0x00f3}}},
-  {0x00d4, {1|F|D, {0x00f4}}},
-  {0x00d5, {1|F|D, {0x00f5}}},
-  {0x00d6, {1|F|D, {0x00f6}}},
-  {0x00d8, {1|F|D, {0x00f8}}},
-  {0x00d9, {1|F|D, {0x00f9}}},
-  {0x00da, {1|F|D, {0x00fa}}},
-  {0x00db, {1|F|D, {0x00fb}}},
-  {0x00dc, {1|F|D, {0x00fc}}},
-  {0x00dd, {1|F|D, {0x00fd}}},
-  {0x00de, {1|F|D, {0x00fe}}},
-  {0x00df, {2|F|ST|SU|I(1), {0x0073, 0x0073}}},
-  {0x0100, {1|F|D, {0x0101}}},
-  {0x0102, {1|F|D, {0x0103}}},
-  {0x0104, {1|F|D, {0x0105}}},
-  {0x0106, {1|F|D, {0x0107}}},
-  {0x0108, {1|F|D, {0x0109}}},
-  {0x010a, {1|F|D, {0x010b}}},
-  {0x010c, {1|F|D, {0x010d}}},
-  {0x010e, {1|F|D, {0x010f}}},
-  {0x0110, {1|F|D, {0x0111}}},
-  {0x0112, {1|F|D, {0x0113}}},
-  {0x0114, {1|F|D, {0x0115}}},
-  {0x0116, {1|F|D, {0x0117}}},
-  {0x0118, {1|F|D, {0x0119}}},
-  {0x011a, {1|F|D, {0x011b}}},
-  {0x011c, {1|F|D, {0x011d}}},
-  {0x011e, {1|F|D, {0x011f}}},
-  {0x0120, {1|F|D, {0x0121}}},
-  {0x0122, {1|F|D, {0x0123}}},
-  {0x0124, {1|F|D, {0x0125}}},
-  {0x0126, {1|F|D, {0x0127}}},
-  {0x0128, {1|F|D, {0x0129}}},
-  {0x012a, {1|F|D, {0x012b}}},
-  {0x012c, {1|F|D, {0x012d}}},
-  {0x012e, {1|F|D, {0x012f}}},
-  {0x0132, {1|F|D, {0x0133}}},
-  {0x0134, {1|F|D, {0x0135}}},
-  {0x0136, {1|F|D, {0x0137}}},
-  {0x0139, {1|F|D, {0x013a}}},
-  {0x013b, {1|F|D, {0x013c}}},
-  {0x013d, {1|F|D, {0x013e}}},
-  {0x013f, {1|F|D, {0x0140}}},
-  {0x0141, {1|F|D, {0x0142}}},
-  {0x0143, {1|F|D, {0x0144}}},
-  {0x0145, {1|F|D, {0x0146}}},
-  {0x0147, {1|F|D, {0x0148}}},
-  {0x0149, {2|F|SU|I(5), {0x02bc, 0x006e}}},
-  {0x014a, {1|F|D, {0x014b}}},
-  {0x014c, {1|F|D, {0x014d}}},
-  {0x014e, {1|F|D, {0x014f}}},
-  {0x0150, {1|F|D, {0x0151}}},
-  {0x0152, {1|F|D, {0x0153}}},
-  {0x0154, {1|F|D, {0x0155}}},
-  {0x0156, {1|F|D, {0x0157}}},
-  {0x0158, {1|F|D, {0x0159}}},
-  {0x015a, {1|F|D, {0x015b}}},
-  {0x015c, {1|F|D, {0x015d}}},
-  {0x015e, {1|F|D, {0x015f}}},
-  {0x0160, {1|F|D, {0x0161}}},
-  {0x0162, {1|F|D, {0x0163}}},
-  {0x0164, {1|F|D, {0x0165}}},
-  {0x0166, {1|F|D, {0x0167}}},
-  {0x0168, {1|F|D, {0x0169}}},
-  {0x016a, {1|F|D, {0x016b}}},
-  {0x016c, {1|F|D, {0x016d}}},
-  {0x016e, {1|F|D, {0x016f}}},
-  {0x0170, {1|F|D, {0x0171}}},
-  {0x0172, {1|F|D, {0x0173}}},
-  {0x0174, {1|F|D, {0x0175}}},
-  {0x0176, {1|F|D, {0x0177}}},
-  {0x0178, {1|F|D, {0x00ff}}},
-  {0x0179, {1|F|D, {0x017a}}},
-  {0x017b, {1|F|D, {0x017c}}},
-  {0x017d, {1|F|D, {0x017e}}},
-  {0x017f, {1|F|SU|I(7), {0x0073}}},
-  {0x0181, {1|F|D, {0x0253}}},
-  {0x0182, {1|F|D, {0x0183}}},
-  {0x0184, {1|F|D, {0x0185}}},
-  {0x0186, {1|F|D, {0x0254}}},
-  {0x0187, {1|F|D, {0x0188}}},
-  {0x0189, {1|F|D, {0x0256}}},
-  {0x018a, {1|F|D, {0x0257}}},
-  {0x018b, {1|F|D, {0x018c}}},
-  {0x018e, {1|F|D, {0x01dd}}},
-  {0x018f, {1|F|D, {0x0259}}},
-  {0x0190, {1|F|D, {0x025b}}},
-  {0x0191, {1|F|D, {0x0192}}},
-  {0x0193, {1|F|D, {0x0260}}},
-  {0x0194, {1|F|D, {0x0263}}},
-  {0x0196, {1|F|D, {0x0269}}},
-  {0x0197, {1|F|D, {0x0268}}},
-  {0x0198, {1|F|D, {0x0199}}},
-  {0x019c, {1|F|D, {0x026f}}},
-  {0x019d, {1|F|D, {0x0272}}},
-  {0x019f, {1|F|D, {0x0275}}},
-  {0x01a0, {1|F|D, {0x01a1}}},
-  {0x01a2, {1|F|D, {0x01a3}}},
-  {0x01a4, {1|F|D, {0x01a5}}},
-  {0x01a6, {1|F|D, {0x0280}}},
-  {0x01a7, {1|F|D, {0x01a8}}},
-  {0x01a9, {1|F|D, {0x0283}}},
-  {0x01ac, {1|F|D, {0x01ad}}},
-  {0x01ae, {1|F|D, {0x0288}}},
-  {0x01af, {1|F|D, {0x01b0}}},
-  {0x01b1, {1|F|D, {0x028a}}},
-  {0x01b2, {1|F|D, {0x028b}}},
-  {0x01b3, {1|F|D, {0x01b4}}},
-  {0x01b5, {1|F|D, {0x01b6}}},
-  {0x01b7, {1|F|D, {0x0292}}},
-  {0x01b8, {1|F|D, {0x01b9}}},
-  {0x01bc, {1|F|D, {0x01bd}}},
-  {0x01c4, {1|F|D|ST|I(8), {0x01c6}}},
-  {0x01c5, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(9), {0x01c6}}},
-  {0x01c7, {1|F|D|ST|I(12), {0x01c9}}},
-  {0x01c8, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(13), {0x01c9}}},
-  {0x01ca, {1|F|D|ST|I(16), {0x01cc}}},
-  {0x01cb, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(17), {0x01cc}}},
-  {0x01cd, {1|F|D, {0x01ce}}},
-  {0x01cf, {1|F|D, {0x01d0}}},
-  {0x01d1, {1|F|D, {0x01d2}}},
-  {0x01d3, {1|F|D, {0x01d4}}},
-  {0x01d5, {1|F|D, {0x01d6}}},
-  {0x01d7, {1|F|D, {0x01d8}}},
-  {0x01d9, {1|F|D, {0x01da}}},
-  {0x01db, {1|F|D, {0x01dc}}},
-  {0x01de, {1|F|D, {0x01df}}},
-  {0x01e0, {1|F|D, {0x01e1}}},
-  {0x01e2, {1|F|D, {0x01e3}}},
-  {0x01e4, {1|F|D, {0x01e5}}},
-  {0x01e6, {1|F|D, {0x01e7}}},
-  {0x01e8, {1|F|D, {0x01e9}}},
-  {0x01ea, {1|F|D, {0x01eb}}},
-  {0x01ec, {1|F|D, {0x01ed}}},
-  {0x01ee, {1|F|D, {0x01ef}}},
-  {0x01f0, {2|F|SU|I(20), {0x006a, 0x030c}}},
-  {0x01f1, {1|F|D|ST|I(22), {0x01f3}}},
-  {0x01f2, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(23), {0x01f3}}},
-  {0x01f4, {1|F|D, {0x01f5}}},
-  {0x01f6, {1|F|D, {0x0195}}},
-  {0x01f7, {1|F|D, {0x01bf}}},
-  {0x01f8, {1|F|D, {0x01f9}}},
-  {0x01fa, {1|F|D, {0x01fb}}},
-  {0x01fc, {1|F|D, {0x01fd}}},
-  {0x01fe, {1|F|D, {0x01ff}}},
-  {0x0200, {1|F|D, {0x0201}}},
-  {0x0202, {1|F|D, {0x0203}}},
-  {0x0204, {1|F|D, {0x0205}}},
-  {0x0206, {1|F|D, {0x0207}}},
-  {0x0208, {1|F|D, {0x0209}}},
-  {0x020a, {1|F|D, {0x020b}}},
-  {0x020c, {1|F|D, {0x020d}}},
-  {0x020e, {1|F|D, {0x020f}}},
-  {0x0210, {1|F|D, {0x0211}}},
-  {0x0212, {1|F|D, {0x0213}}},
-  {0x0214, {1|F|D, {0x0215}}},
-  {0x0216, {1|F|D, {0x0217}}},
-  {0x0218, {1|F|D, {0x0219}}},
-  {0x021a, {1|F|D, {0x021b}}},
-  {0x021c, {1|F|D, {0x021d}}},
-  {0x021e, {1|F|D, {0x021f}}},
-  {0x0220, {1|F|D, {0x019e}}},
-  {0x0222, {1|F|D, {0x0223}}},
-  {0x0224, {1|F|D, {0x0225}}},
-  {0x0226, {1|F|D, {0x0227}}},
-  {0x0228, {1|F|D, {0x0229}}},
-  {0x022a, {1|F|D, {0x022b}}},
-  {0x022c, {1|F|D, {0x022d}}},
-  {0x022e, {1|F|D, {0x022f}}},
-  {0x0230, {1|F|D, {0x0231}}},
-  {0x0232, {1|F|D, {0x0233}}},
-  {0x023a, {1|F|D, {0x2c65}}},
-  {0x023b, {1|F|D, {0x023c}}},
-  {0x023d, {1|F|D, {0x019a}}},
-  {0x023e, {1|F|D, {0x2c66}}},
-  {0x0241, {1|F|D, {0x0242}}},
-  {0x0243, {1|F|D, {0x0180}}},
-  {0x0244, {1|F|D, {0x0289}}},
-  {0x0245, {1|F|D, {0x028c}}},
-  {0x0246, {1|F|D, {0x0247}}},
-  {0x0248, {1|F|D, {0x0249}}},
-  {0x024a, {1|F|D, {0x024b}}},
-  {0x024c, {1|F|D, {0x024d}}},
-  {0x024e, {1|F|D, {0x024f}}},
-  {0x0345, {1|F|SU|I(26), {0x03b9}}},
-  {0x0370, {1|F|D, {0x0371}}},
-  {0x0372, {1|F|D, {0x0373}}},
-  {0x0376, {1|F|D, {0x0377}}},
-  {0x037f, {1|F|D, {0x03f3}}},
-  {0x0386, {1|F|D, {0x03ac}}},
-  {0x0388, {1|F|D, {0x03ad}}},
-  {0x0389, {1|F|D, {0x03ae}}},
-  {0x038a, {1|F|D, {0x03af}}},
-  {0x038c, {1|F|D, {0x03cc}}},
-  {0x038e, {1|F|D, {0x03cd}}},
-  {0x038f, {1|F|D, {0x03ce}}},
-  {0x0390, {3|F|SU|I(27), {0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0301}}},
-  {0x0391, {1|F|D, {0x03b1}}},
-  {0x0392, {1|F|D, {0x03b2}}},
-  {0x0393, {1|F|D, {0x03b3}}},
-  {0x0394, {1|F|D, {0x03b4}}},
-  {0x0395, {1|F|D, {0x03b5}}},
-  {0x0396, {1|F|D, {0x03b6}}},
-  {0x0397, {1|F|D, {0x03b7}}},
-  {0x0398, {1|F|D, {0x03b8}}},
-  {0x0399, {1|F|D, {0x03b9}}},
-  {0x039a, {1|F|D, {0x03ba}}},
-  {0x039b, {1|F|D, {0x03bb}}},
-  {0x039c, {1|F|D, {0x03bc}}},
-  {0x039d, {1|F|D, {0x03bd}}},
-  {0x039e, {1|F|D, {0x03be}}},
-  {0x039f, {1|F|D, {0x03bf}}},
-  {0x03a0, {1|F|D, {0x03c0}}},
-  {0x03a1, {1|F|D, {0x03c1}}},
-  {0x03a3, {1|F|D, {0x03c3}}},
-  {0x03a4, {1|F|D, {0x03c4}}},
-  {0x03a5, {1|F|D, {0x03c5}}},
-  {0x03a6, {1|F|D, {0x03c6}}},
-  {0x03a7, {1|F|D, {0x03c7}}},
-  {0x03a8, {1|F|D, {0x03c8}}},
-  {0x03a9, {1|F|D, {0x03c9}}},
-  {0x03aa, {1|F|D, {0x03ca}}},
-  {0x03ab, {1|F|D, {0x03cb}}},
-  {0x03b0, {3|F|SU|I(30), {0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0301}}},
-  {0x03c2, {1|F|SU|I(33), {0x03c3}}},
-  {0x03cf, {1|F|D, {0x03d7}}},
-  {0x03d0, {1|F|SU|I(34), {0x03b2}}},
-  {0x03d1, {1|F|SU|I(35), {0x03b8}}},
-  {0x03d5, {1|F|SU|I(36), {0x03c6}}},
-  {0x03d6, {1|F|SU|I(37), {0x03c0}}},
-  {0x03d8, {1|F|D, {0x03d9}}},
-  {0x03da, {1|F|D, {0x03db}}},
-  {0x03dc, {1|F|D, {0x03dd}}},
-  {0x03de, {1|F|D, {0x03df}}},
-  {0x03e0, {1|F|D, {0x03e1}}},
-  {0x03e2, {1|F|D, {0x03e3}}},
-  {0x03e4, {1|F|D, {0x03e5}}},
-  {0x03e6, {1|F|D, {0x03e7}}},
-  {0x03e8, {1|F|D, {0x03e9}}},
-  {0x03ea, {1|F|D, {0x03eb}}},
-  {0x03ec, {1|F|D, {0x03ed}}},
-  {0x03ee, {1|F|D, {0x03ef}}},
-  {0x03f0, {1|F|SU|I(38), {0x03ba}}},
-  {0x03f1, {1|F|SU|I(39), {0x03c1}}},
-  {0x03f4, {1|F|D, {0x03b8}}},
-  {0x03f5, {1|F|SU|I(40), {0x03b5}}},
-  {0x03f7, {1|F|D, {0x03f8}}},
-  {0x03f9, {1|F|D, {0x03f2}}},
-  {0x03fa, {1|F|D, {0x03fb}}},
-  {0x03fd, {1|F|D, {0x037b}}},
-  {0x03fe, {1|F|D, {0x037c}}},
-  {0x03ff, {1|F|D, {0x037d}}},
-  {0x0400, {1|F|D, {0x0450}}},
-  {0x0401, {1|F|D, {0x0451}}},
-  {0x0402, {1|F|D, {0x0452}}},
-  {0x0403, {1|F|D, {0x0453}}},
-  {0x0404, {1|F|D, {0x0454}}},
-  {0x0405, {1|F|D, {0x0455}}},
-  {0x0406, {1|F|D, {0x0456}}},
-  {0x0407, {1|F|D, {0x0457}}},
-  {0x0408, {1|F|D, {0x0458}}},
-  {0x0409, {1|F|D, {0x0459}}},
-  {0x040a, {1|F|D, {0x045a}}},
-  {0x040b, {1|F|D, {0x045b}}},
-  {0x040c, {1|F|D, {0x045c}}},
-  {0x040d, {1|F|D, {0x045d}}},
-  {0x040e, {1|F|D, {0x045e}}},
-  {0x040f, {1|F|D, {0x045f}}},
-  {0x0410, {1|F|D, {0x0430}}},
-  {0x0411, {1|F|D, {0x0431}}},
-  {0x0412, {1|F|D, {0x0432}}},
-  {0x0413, {1|F|D, {0x0433}}},
-  {0x0414, {1|F|D, {0x0434}}},
-  {0x0415, {1|F|D, {0x0435}}},
-  {0x0416, {1|F|D, {0x0436}}},
-  {0x0417, {1|F|D, {0x0437}}},
-  {0x0418, {1|F|D, {0x0438}}},
-  {0x0419, {1|F|D, {0x0439}}},
-  {0x041a, {1|F|D, {0x043a}}},
-  {0x041b, {1|F|D, {0x043b}}},
-  {0x041c, {1|F|D, {0x043c}}},
-  {0x041d, {1|F|D, {0x043d}}},
-  {0x041e, {1|F|D, {0x043e}}},
-  {0x041f, {1|F|D, {0x043f}}},
-  {0x0420, {1|F|D, {0x0440}}},
-  {0x0421, {1|F|D, {0x0441}}},
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-  {0x10411, {1|F|D, {0x10439}}},
-  {0x10412, {1|F|D, {0x1043a}}},
-  {0x10413, {1|F|D, {0x1043b}}},
-  {0x10414, {1|F|D, {0x1043c}}},
-  {0x10415, {1|F|D, {0x1043d}}},
-  {0x10416, {1|F|D, {0x1043e}}},
-  {0x10417, {1|F|D, {0x1043f}}},
-  {0x10418, {1|F|D, {0x10440}}},
-  {0x10419, {1|F|D, {0x10441}}},
-  {0x1041a, {1|F|D, {0x10442}}},
-  {0x1041b, {1|F|D, {0x10443}}},
-  {0x1041c, {1|F|D, {0x10444}}},
-  {0x1041d, {1|F|D, {0x10445}}},
-  {0x1041e, {1|F|D, {0x10446}}},
-  {0x1041f, {1|F|D, {0x10447}}},
-  {0x10420, {1|F|D, {0x10448}}},
-  {0x10421, {1|F|D, {0x10449}}},
-  {0x10422, {1|F|D, {0x1044a}}},
-  {0x10423, {1|F|D, {0x1044b}}},
-  {0x10424, {1|F|D, {0x1044c}}},
-  {0x10425, {1|F|D, {0x1044d}}},
-  {0x10426, {1|F|D, {0x1044e}}},
-  {0x10427, {1|F|D, {0x1044f}}},
-  {0x104b0, {1|F|D, {0x104d8}}},
-  {0x104b1, {1|F|D, {0x104d9}}},
-  {0x104b2, {1|F|D, {0x104da}}},
-  {0x104b3, {1|F|D, {0x104db}}},
-  {0x104b4, {1|F|D, {0x104dc}}},
-  {0x104b5, {1|F|D, {0x104dd}}},
-  {0x104b6, {1|F|D, {0x104de}}},
-  {0x104b7, {1|F|D, {0x104df}}},
-  {0x104b8, {1|F|D, {0x104e0}}},
-  {0x104b9, {1|F|D, {0x104e1}}},
-  {0x104ba, {1|F|D, {0x104e2}}},
-  {0x104bb, {1|F|D, {0x104e3}}},
-  {0x104bc, {1|F|D, {0x104e4}}},
-  {0x104bd, {1|F|D, {0x104e5}}},
-  {0x104be, {1|F|D, {0x104e6}}},
-  {0x104bf, {1|F|D, {0x104e7}}},
-  {0x104c0, {1|F|D, {0x104e8}}},
-  {0x104c1, {1|F|D, {0x104e9}}},
-  {0x104c2, {1|F|D, {0x104ea}}},
-  {0x104c3, {1|F|D, {0x104eb}}},
-  {0x104c4, {1|F|D, {0x104ec}}},
-  {0x104c5, {1|F|D, {0x104ed}}},
-  {0x104c6, {1|F|D, {0x104ee}}},
-  {0x104c7, {1|F|D, {0x104ef}}},
-  {0x104c8, {1|F|D, {0x104f0}}},
-  {0x104c9, {1|F|D, {0x104f1}}},
-  {0x104ca, {1|F|D, {0x104f2}}},
-  {0x104cb, {1|F|D, {0x104f3}}},
-  {0x104cc, {1|F|D, {0x104f4}}},
-  {0x104cd, {1|F|D, {0x104f5}}},
-  {0x104ce, {1|F|D, {0x104f6}}},
-  {0x104cf, {1|F|D, {0x104f7}}},
-  {0x104d0, {1|F|D, {0x104f8}}},
-  {0x104d1, {1|F|D, {0x104f9}}},
-  {0x104d2, {1|F|D, {0x104fa}}},
-  {0x104d3, {1|F|D, {0x104fb}}},
-  {0x10570, {1|F|D, {0x10597}}},
-  {0x10571, {1|F|D, {0x10598}}},
-  {0x10572, {1|F|D, {0x10599}}},
-  {0x10573, {1|F|D, {0x1059a}}},
-  {0x10574, {1|F|D, {0x1059b}}},
-  {0x10575, {1|F|D, {0x1059c}}},
-  {0x10576, {1|F|D, {0x1059d}}},
-  {0x10577, {1|F|D, {0x1059e}}},
-  {0x10578, {1|F|D, {0x1059f}}},
-  {0x10579, {1|F|D, {0x105a0}}},
-  {0x1057a, {1|F|D, {0x105a1}}},
-  {0x1057c, {1|F|D, {0x105a3}}},
-  {0x1057d, {1|F|D, {0x105a4}}},
-  {0x1057e, {1|F|D, {0x105a5}}},
-  {0x1057f, {1|F|D, {0x105a6}}},
-  {0x10580, {1|F|D, {0x105a7}}},
-  {0x10581, {1|F|D, {0x105a8}}},
-  {0x10582, {1|F|D, {0x105a9}}},
-  {0x10583, {1|F|D, {0x105aa}}},
-  {0x10584, {1|F|D, {0x105ab}}},
-  {0x10585, {1|F|D, {0x105ac}}},
-  {0x10586, {1|F|D, {0x105ad}}},
-  {0x10587, {1|F|D, {0x105ae}}},
-  {0x10588, {1|F|D, {0x105af}}},
-  {0x10589, {1|F|D, {0x105b0}}},
-  {0x1058a, {1|F|D, {0x105b1}}},
-  {0x1058c, {1|F|D, {0x105b3}}},
-  {0x1058d, {1|F|D, {0x105b4}}},
-  {0x1058e, {1|F|D, {0x105b5}}},
-  {0x1058f, {1|F|D, {0x105b6}}},
-  {0x10590, {1|F|D, {0x105b7}}},
-  {0x10591, {1|F|D, {0x105b8}}},
-  {0x10592, {1|F|D, {0x105b9}}},
-  {0x10594, {1|F|D, {0x105bb}}},
-  {0x10595, {1|F|D, {0x105bc}}},
-  {0x10c80, {1|F|D, {0x10cc0}}},
-  {0x10c81, {1|F|D, {0x10cc1}}},
-  {0x10c82, {1|F|D, {0x10cc2}}},
-  {0x10c83, {1|F|D, {0x10cc3}}},
-  {0x10c84, {1|F|D, {0x10cc4}}},
-  {0x10c85, {1|F|D, {0x10cc5}}},
-  {0x10c86, {1|F|D, {0x10cc6}}},
-  {0x10c87, {1|F|D, {0x10cc7}}},
-  {0x10c88, {1|F|D, {0x10cc8}}},
-  {0x10c89, {1|F|D, {0x10cc9}}},
-  {0x10c8a, {1|F|D, {0x10cca}}},
-  {0x10c8b, {1|F|D, {0x10ccb}}},
-  {0x10c8c, {1|F|D, {0x10ccc}}},
-  {0x10c8d, {1|F|D, {0x10ccd}}},
-  {0x10c8e, {1|F|D, {0x10cce}}},
-  {0x10c8f, {1|F|D, {0x10ccf}}},
-  {0x10c90, {1|F|D, {0x10cd0}}},
-  {0x10c91, {1|F|D, {0x10cd1}}},
-  {0x10c92, {1|F|D, {0x10cd2}}},
-  {0x10c93, {1|F|D, {0x10cd3}}},
-  {0x10c94, {1|F|D, {0x10cd4}}},
-  {0x10c95, {1|F|D, {0x10cd5}}},
-  {0x10c96, {1|F|D, {0x10cd6}}},
-  {0x10c97, {1|F|D, {0x10cd7}}},
-  {0x10c98, {1|F|D, {0x10cd8}}},
-  {0x10c99, {1|F|D, {0x10cd9}}},
-  {0x10c9a, {1|F|D, {0x10cda}}},
-  {0x10c9b, {1|F|D, {0x10cdb}}},
-  {0x10c9c, {1|F|D, {0x10cdc}}},
-  {0x10c9d, {1|F|D, {0x10cdd}}},
-  {0x10c9e, {1|F|D, {0x10cde}}},
-  {0x10c9f, {1|F|D, {0x10cdf}}},
-  {0x10ca0, {1|F|D, {0x10ce0}}},
-  {0x10ca1, {1|F|D, {0x10ce1}}},
-  {0x10ca2, {1|F|D, {0x10ce2}}},
-  {0x10ca3, {1|F|D, {0x10ce3}}},
-  {0x10ca4, {1|F|D, {0x10ce4}}},
-  {0x10ca5, {1|F|D, {0x10ce5}}},
-  {0x10ca6, {1|F|D, {0x10ce6}}},
-  {0x10ca7, {1|F|D, {0x10ce7}}},
-  {0x10ca8, {1|F|D, {0x10ce8}}},
-  {0x10ca9, {1|F|D, {0x10ce9}}},
-  {0x10caa, {1|F|D, {0x10cea}}},
-  {0x10cab, {1|F|D, {0x10ceb}}},
-  {0x10cac, {1|F|D, {0x10cec}}},
-  {0x10cad, {1|F|D, {0x10ced}}},
-  {0x10cae, {1|F|D, {0x10cee}}},
-  {0x10caf, {1|F|D, {0x10cef}}},
-  {0x10cb0, {1|F|D, {0x10cf0}}},
-  {0x10cb1, {1|F|D, {0x10cf1}}},
-  {0x10cb2, {1|F|D, {0x10cf2}}},
-  {0x118a0, {1|F|D, {0x118c0}}},
-  {0x118a1, {1|F|D, {0x118c1}}},
-  {0x118a2, {1|F|D, {0x118c2}}},
-  {0x118a3, {1|F|D, {0x118c3}}},
-  {0x118a4, {1|F|D, {0x118c4}}},
-  {0x118a5, {1|F|D, {0x118c5}}},
-  {0x118a6, {1|F|D, {0x118c6}}},
-  {0x118a7, {1|F|D, {0x118c7}}},
-  {0x118a8, {1|F|D, {0x118c8}}},
-  {0x118a9, {1|F|D, {0x118c9}}},
-  {0x118aa, {1|F|D, {0x118ca}}},
-  {0x118ab, {1|F|D, {0x118cb}}},
-  {0x118ac, {1|F|D, {0x118cc}}},
-  {0x118ad, {1|F|D, {0x118cd}}},
-  {0x118ae, {1|F|D, {0x118ce}}},
-  {0x118af, {1|F|D, {0x118cf}}},
-  {0x118b0, {1|F|D, {0x118d0}}},
-  {0x118b1, {1|F|D, {0x118d1}}},
-  {0x118b2, {1|F|D, {0x118d2}}},
-  {0x118b3, {1|F|D, {0x118d3}}},
-  {0x118b4, {1|F|D, {0x118d4}}},
-  {0x118b5, {1|F|D, {0x118d5}}},
-  {0x118b6, {1|F|D, {0x118d6}}},
-  {0x118b7, {1|F|D, {0x118d7}}},
-  {0x118b8, {1|F|D, {0x118d8}}},
-  {0x118b9, {1|F|D, {0x118d9}}},
-  {0x118ba, {1|F|D, {0x118da}}},
-  {0x118bb, {1|F|D, {0x118db}}},
-  {0x118bc, {1|F|D, {0x118dc}}},
-  {0x118bd, {1|F|D, {0x118dd}}},
-  {0x118be, {1|F|D, {0x118de}}},
-  {0x118bf, {1|F|D, {0x118df}}},
-  {0x16e40, {1|F|D, {0x16e60}}},
-  {0x16e41, {1|F|D, {0x16e61}}},
-  {0x16e42, {1|F|D, {0x16e62}}},
-  {0x16e43, {1|F|D, {0x16e63}}},
-  {0x16e44, {1|F|D, {0x16e64}}},
-  {0x16e45, {1|F|D, {0x16e65}}},
-  {0x16e46, {1|F|D, {0x16e66}}},
-  {0x16e47, {1|F|D, {0x16e67}}},
-  {0x16e48, {1|F|D, {0x16e68}}},
-  {0x16e49, {1|F|D, {0x16e69}}},
-  {0x16e4a, {1|F|D, {0x16e6a}}},
-  {0x16e4b, {1|F|D, {0x16e6b}}},
-  {0x16e4c, {1|F|D, {0x16e6c}}},
-  {0x16e4d, {1|F|D, {0x16e6d}}},
-  {0x16e4e, {1|F|D, {0x16e6e}}},
-  {0x16e4f, {1|F|D, {0x16e6f}}},
-  {0x16e50, {1|F|D, {0x16e70}}},
-  {0x16e51, {1|F|D, {0x16e71}}},
-  {0x16e52, {1|F|D, {0x16e72}}},
-  {0x16e53, {1|F|D, {0x16e73}}},
-  {0x16e54, {1|F|D, {0x16e74}}},
-  {0x16e55, {1|F|D, {0x16e75}}},
-  {0x16e56, {1|F|D, {0x16e76}}},
-  {0x16e57, {1|F|D, {0x16e77}}},
-  {0x16e58, {1|F|D, {0x16e78}}},
-  {0x16e59, {1|F|D, {0x16e79}}},
-  {0x16e5a, {1|F|D, {0x16e7a}}},
-  {0x16e5b, {1|F|D, {0x16e7b}}},
-  {0x16e5c, {1|F|D, {0x16e7c}}},
-  {0x16e5d, {1|F|D, {0x16e7d}}},
-  {0x16e5e, {1|F|D, {0x16e7e}}},
-  {0x16e5f, {1|F|D, {0x16e7f}}},
-  {0x1e900, {1|F|D, {0x1e922}}},
-  {0x1e901, {1|F|D, {0x1e923}}},
-  {0x1e902, {1|F|D, {0x1e924}}},
-  {0x1e903, {1|F|D, {0x1e925}}},
-  {0x1e904, {1|F|D, {0x1e926}}},
-  {0x1e905, {1|F|D, {0x1e927}}},
-  {0x1e906, {1|F|D, {0x1e928}}},
-  {0x1e907, {1|F|D, {0x1e929}}},
-  {0x1e908, {1|F|D, {0x1e92a}}},
-  {0x1e909, {1|F|D, {0x1e92b}}},
-  {0x1e90a, {1|F|D, {0x1e92c}}},
-  {0x1e90b, {1|F|D, {0x1e92d}}},
-  {0x1e90c, {1|F|D, {0x1e92e}}},
-  {0x1e90d, {1|F|D, {0x1e92f}}},
-  {0x1e90e, {1|F|D, {0x1e930}}},
-  {0x1e90f, {1|F|D, {0x1e931}}},
-  {0x1e910, {1|F|D, {0x1e932}}},
-  {0x1e911, {1|F|D, {0x1e933}}},
-  {0x1e912, {1|F|D, {0x1e934}}},
-  {0x1e913, {1|F|D, {0x1e935}}},
-  {0x1e914, {1|F|D, {0x1e936}}},
-  {0x1e915, {1|F|D, {0x1e937}}},
-  {0x1e916, {1|F|D, {0x1e938}}},
-  {0x1e917, {1|F|D, {0x1e939}}},
-  {0x1e918, {1|F|D, {0x1e93a}}},
-  {0x1e919, {1|F|D, {0x1e93b}}},
-  {0x1e91a, {1|F|D, {0x1e93c}}},
-  {0x1e91b, {1|F|D, {0x1e93d}}},
-  {0x1e91c, {1|F|D, {0x1e93e}}},
-  {0x1e91d, {1|F|D, {0x1e93f}}},
-  {0x1e91e, {1|F|D, {0x1e940}}},
-  {0x1e91f, {1|F|D, {0x1e941}}},
-  {0x1e920, {1|F|D, {0x1e942}}},
-  {0x1e921, {1|F|D, {0x1e943}}},
-#define CaseFold_Locale (*(CaseFold_11_Type (*)[2])(CaseFold_11_Table+1528))
-  {0x0049, {1|F|D, {0x0069}}},
-  {0x0130, {2|F|D, {0x0069, 0x0307}}},
-};
-
-/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
-/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_lookup -n  */
-
-/* maximum key range = 3080, duplicates = 0 */
-
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-__inline
-#else
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-inline
-#endif
-#endif
-/*ARGSUSED*/
-static unsigned int
-onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_hash(const OnigCodePoint code)
-{
-  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
-    {
-         1, 3085,    2,   20,    3,  307,  200,    8,   31,  159,
-         2,  253,   33,  967, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,
-      3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,   30, 3085, 3085,
-      3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,  352, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,
-      3085,   93, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,
-      3085,  407, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,  201,
-      3085, 3085,   14,   13,  373,    1, 3085, 3085,  503,   19,
-      3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,  325, 3085, 3085,  290, 1064,
-       484,   28, 1906,  447,  272,  414, 2002,   79,  905,    5,
-        11,   22, 2024,  623,  761,  617, 1893,   45, 1874,  113,
-      1856,  255, 1823,   96, 1463,   62, 1841,  130, 1798,  331,
-      1771,  238, 1977,  147, 1387,  464, 1691,  187, 1639,  181,
-       366,  580, 1331,  508, 1287,  547, 1583,  541,  400,  783,
-      1944,  657, 1850,  932, 1785,  858, 1645,  681, 1412,  722,
-      1622,  972, 1306,  807, 1942, 1282,  283, 1218, 1557, 1055,
-      1406, 1258, 1401, 1168, 1327,  864,  893, 1123, 1714, 1195,
-      1885, 1083, 2016, 1232,  823,  678, 1420, 1017,  155, 1261,
-        86, 1351,  794, 1929,   51, 1525,   50,  221,    4, 1383,
-       196,  325,    1, 1562,  102, 1441,    3, 1356,  226, 1304,
-       271, 1516,   68, 1752,   37, 1469,   51, 1920,  143, 2059,
-       198, 2095,  370, 2069,  137,  718,  407, 1926,  136
-    };
-  return asso_values[bits_of(code, 2)+81] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 1)+2] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 0)];
-}
-
-static const CodePointList3 *
-onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_lookup(const OnigCodePoint code)
-{
-  enum
-    {
-      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x41,
-      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x1e921,
-      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 1530,
-      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
-      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
-      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 5,
-      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 3084
-    };
-
-  static const short wordlist[] =
-    {
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x1fe9*/ 850,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1f88*/ 775,
-      /*0x0408*/ 305,
-      /*0x0108*/ 61,
-      /*0x10408*/ 1276,
-      -1,
-      /*0xab88*/ 1174,
-      /*0x1f89*/ 776,
-      /*0x0409*/ 306,
-      /*0x2c69*/ 964,
-      /*0x10409*/ 1277,
-      /*0x2c08*/ 919,
-      /*0xab89*/ 1175,
-      /*0x1e88*/ 653,
-      /*0x1e08*/ 589,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x2c09*/ 920,
-      /*0x1f8a*/ 777,
-      /*0x040a*/ 307,
-      /*0x010a*/ 62,
-      /*0x1040a*/ 1278,
-      /*0x2c88*/ 978,
-      /*0xab8a*/ 1176,
-      /*0x1f80*/ 767,
-      /*0x0400*/ 297,
-      /*0x0100*/ 57,
-      /*0x10400*/ 1268,
-      /*0x2c0a*/ 921,
-      /*0xab80*/ 1166,
-      /*0x1e8a*/ 654,
-      /*0x1e0a*/ 590,
-      /*0x10c88*/ 1387,
-      /*0x0508*/ 425,
-      /*0x2c00*/ 911,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1e80*/ 649,
-      /*0x1e00*/ 585,
-      /*0x10c89*/ 1388,
-      /*0x2c8a*/ 979,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1f90*/ 783,
-      /*0x0410*/ 313,
-      /*0x0110*/ 65,
-      /*0x10410*/ 1284,
-      /*0x2c80*/ 974,
-      /*0xab90*/ 1182,
-      /*0x1ff3*/ 855,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10c8a*/ 1389,
-      /*0x050a*/ 426,
-      /*0x2c10*/ 927,
-      /*0xa780*/ 1106,
-      /*0x1e90*/ 657,
-      /*0x1e10*/ 593,
-      /*0x10c80*/ 1379,
-      /*0x0500*/ 421,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1f98*/ 791,
-      /*0x0418*/ 321,
-      /*0x0118*/ 69,
-      /*0x10418*/ 1292,
-      /*0x2c90*/ 982,
-      /*0xab98*/ 1190,
-      -1,
-      /*0x00df*/ 56,
-      /*0x00dd*/ 54,
-      /*0x10571*/ 1345,
-      /*0x2c18*/ 935,
-      /*0xa790*/ 1112,
-      /*0x1e98*/ 662,
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-      -1,
-      /*0x16e43*/ 1465,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xab70*/ 1150,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x16e4d*/ 1475,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x10595*/ 1378,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xab74*/ 1154,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xab7e*/ 1164,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x10591*/ 1375,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x1058f*/ 1373,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x10581*/ 1360,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x16e4f*/ 1477,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xab76*/ 1156,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x10585*/ 1364,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xab7a*/ 1160,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x16e5c*/ 1490,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xab78*/ 1158,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x16e51*/ 1479
-    };
-
-  if (code <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && code >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
-    {
-      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_hash(code);
-
-      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
-        {
-          register short s = wordlist[key];
-
-          if (s >= 0 && code1_equal(code, CaseFold_11_Table[s].from))
-            return &CaseFold_11_Table[s].to;
-        }
-    }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static const CaseUnfold_11_Type CaseUnfold_11_Table[] = {
-#define CaseUnfold_11 (*(CaseUnfold_11_Type (*)[1395])(CaseUnfold_11_Table+0))
-  {0x0061, {1|U, {0x0041}}},
-  {0x0062, {1|U, {0x0042}}},
-  {0x0063, {1|U, {0x0043}}},
-  {0x0064, {1|U, {0x0044}}},
-  {0x0065, {1|U, {0x0045}}},
-  {0x0066, {1|U, {0x0046}}},
-  {0x0067, {1|U, {0x0047}}},
-  {0x0068, {1|U, {0x0048}}},
-  {0x006a, {1|U, {0x004a}}},
-  {0x006b, {2|U, {0x004b, 0x212a}}},
-  {0x006c, {1|U, {0x004c}}},
-  {0x006d, {1|U, {0x004d}}},
-  {0x006e, {1|U, {0x004e}}},
-  {0x006f, {1|U, {0x004f}}},
-  {0x0070, {1|U, {0x0050}}},
-  {0x0071, {1|U, {0x0051}}},
-  {0x0072, {1|U, {0x0052}}},
-  {0x0073, {2|U, {0x0053, 0x017f}}},
-  {0x0074, {1|U, {0x0054}}},
-  {0x0075, {1|U, {0x0055}}},
-  {0x0076, {1|U, {0x0056}}},
-  {0x0077, {1|U, {0x0057}}},
-  {0x0078, {1|U, {0x0058}}},
-  {0x0079, {1|U, {0x0059}}},
-  {0x007a, {1|U, {0x005a}}},
-  {0x00e0, {1|U, {0x00c0}}},
-  {0x00e1, {1|U, {0x00c1}}},
-  {0x00e2, {1|U, {0x00c2}}},
-  {0x00e3, {1|U, {0x00c3}}},
-  {0x00e4, {1|U, {0x00c4}}},
-  {0x00e5, {2|U, {0x00c5, 0x212b}}},
-  {0x00e6, {1|U, {0x00c6}}},
-  {0x00e7, {1|U, {0x00c7}}},
-  {0x00e8, {1|U, {0x00c8}}},
-  {0x00e9, {1|U, {0x00c9}}},
-  {0x00ea, {1|U, {0x00ca}}},
-  {0x00eb, {1|U, {0x00cb}}},
-  {0x00ec, {1|U, {0x00cc}}},
-  {0x00ed, {1|U, {0x00cd}}},
-  {0x00ee, {1|U, {0x00ce}}},
-  {0x00ef, {1|U, {0x00cf}}},
-  {0x00f0, {1|U, {0x00d0}}},
-  {0x00f1, {1|U, {0x00d1}}},
-  {0x00f2, {1|U, {0x00d2}}},
-  {0x00f3, {1|U, {0x00d3}}},
-  {0x00f4, {1|U, {0x00d4}}},
-  {0x00f5, {1|U, {0x00d5}}},
-  {0x00f6, {1|U, {0x00d6}}},
-  {0x00f8, {1|U, {0x00d8}}},
-  {0x00f9, {1|U, {0x00d9}}},
-  {0x00fa, {1|U, {0x00da}}},
-  {0x00fb, {1|U, {0x00db}}},
-  {0x00fc, {1|U, {0x00dc}}},
-  {0x00fd, {1|U, {0x00dd}}},
-  {0x00fe, {1|U, {0x00de}}},
-  {0x00ff, {1|U, {0x0178}}},
-  {0x0101, {1|U, {0x0100}}},
-  {0x0103, {1|U, {0x0102}}},
-  {0x0105, {1|U, {0x0104}}},
-  {0x0107, {1|U, {0x0106}}},
-  {0x0109, {1|U, {0x0108}}},
-  {0x010b, {1|U, {0x010a}}},
-  {0x010d, {1|U, {0x010c}}},
-  {0x010f, {1|U, {0x010e}}},
-  {0x0111, {1|U, {0x0110}}},
-  {0x0113, {1|U, {0x0112}}},
-  {0x0115, {1|U, {0x0114}}},
-  {0x0117, {1|U, {0x0116}}},
-  {0x0119, {1|U, {0x0118}}},
-  {0x011b, {1|U, {0x011a}}},
-  {0x011d, {1|U, {0x011c}}},
-  {0x011f, {1|U, {0x011e}}},
-  {0x0121, {1|U, {0x0120}}},
-  {0x0123, {1|U, {0x0122}}},
-  {0x0125, {1|U, {0x0124}}},
-  {0x0127, {1|U, {0x0126}}},
-  {0x0129, {1|U, {0x0128}}},
-  {0x012b, {1|U, {0x012a}}},
-  {0x012d, {1|U, {0x012c}}},
-  {0x012f, {1|U, {0x012e}}},
-  {0x0133, {1|U, {0x0132}}},
-  {0x0135, {1|U, {0x0134}}},
-  {0x0137, {1|U, {0x0136}}},
-  {0x013a, {1|U, {0x0139}}},
-  {0x013c, {1|U, {0x013b}}},
-  {0x013e, {1|U, {0x013d}}},
-  {0x0140, {1|U, {0x013f}}},
-  {0x0142, {1|U, {0x0141}}},
-  {0x0144, {1|U, {0x0143}}},
-  {0x0146, {1|U, {0x0145}}},
-  {0x0148, {1|U, {0x0147}}},
-  {0x014b, {1|U, {0x014a}}},
-  {0x014d, {1|U, {0x014c}}},
-  {0x014f, {1|U, {0x014e}}},
-  {0x0151, {1|U, {0x0150}}},
-  {0x0153, {1|U, {0x0152}}},
-  {0x0155, {1|U, {0x0154}}},
-  {0x0157, {1|U, {0x0156}}},
-  {0x0159, {1|U, {0x0158}}},
-  {0x015b, {1|U, {0x015a}}},
-  {0x015d, {1|U, {0x015c}}},
-  {0x015f, {1|U, {0x015e}}},
-  {0x0161, {1|U, {0x0160}}},
-  {0x0163, {1|U, {0x0162}}},
-  {0x0165, {1|U, {0x0164}}},
-  {0x0167, {1|U, {0x0166}}},
-  {0x0169, {1|U, {0x0168}}},
-  {0x016b, {1|U, {0x016a}}},
-  {0x016d, {1|U, {0x016c}}},
-  {0x016f, {1|U, {0x016e}}},
-  {0x0171, {1|U, {0x0170}}},
-  {0x0173, {1|U, {0x0172}}},
-  {0x0175, {1|U, {0x0174}}},
-  {0x0177, {1|U, {0x0176}}},
-  {0x017a, {1|U, {0x0179}}},
-  {0x017c, {1|U, {0x017b}}},
-  {0x017e, {1|U, {0x017d}}},
-  {0x0180, {1|U, {0x0243}}},
-  {0x0183, {1|U, {0x0182}}},
-  {0x0185, {1|U, {0x0184}}},
-  {0x0188, {1|U, {0x0187}}},
-  {0x018c, {1|U, {0x018b}}},
-  {0x0192, {1|U, {0x0191}}},
-  {0x0195, {1|U, {0x01f6}}},
-  {0x0199, {1|U, {0x0198}}},
-  {0x019a, {1|U, {0x023d}}},
-  {0x019e, {1|U, {0x0220}}},
-  {0x01a1, {1|U, {0x01a0}}},
-  {0x01a3, {1|U, {0x01a2}}},
-  {0x01a5, {1|U, {0x01a4}}},
-  {0x01a8, {1|U, {0x01a7}}},
-  {0x01ad, {1|U, {0x01ac}}},
-  {0x01b0, {1|U, {0x01af}}},
-  {0x01b4, {1|U, {0x01b3}}},
-  {0x01b6, {1|U, {0x01b5}}},
-  {0x01b9, {1|U, {0x01b8}}},
-  {0x01bd, {1|U, {0x01bc}}},
-  {0x01bf, {1|U, {0x01f7}}},
-  {0x01c6, {2|U|ST, {0x01c4, 0x01c5}}},
-  {0x01c9, {2|U|ST, {0x01c7, 0x01c8}}},
-  {0x01cc, {2|U|ST, {0x01ca, 0x01cb}}},
-  {0x01ce, {1|U, {0x01cd}}},
-  {0x01d0, {1|U, {0x01cf}}},
-  {0x01d2, {1|U, {0x01d1}}},
-  {0x01d4, {1|U, {0x01d3}}},
-  {0x01d6, {1|U, {0x01d5}}},
-  {0x01d8, {1|U, {0x01d7}}},
-  {0x01da, {1|U, {0x01d9}}},
-  {0x01dc, {1|U, {0x01db}}},
-  {0x01dd, {1|U, {0x018e}}},
-  {0x01df, {1|U, {0x01de}}},
-  {0x01e1, {1|U, {0x01e0}}},
-  {0x01e3, {1|U, {0x01e2}}},
-  {0x01e5, {1|U, {0x01e4}}},
-  {0x01e7, {1|U, {0x01e6}}},
-  {0x01e9, {1|U, {0x01e8}}},
-  {0x01eb, {1|U, {0x01ea}}},
-  {0x01ed, {1|U, {0x01ec}}},
-  {0x01ef, {1|U, {0x01ee}}},
-  {0x01f3, {2|U|ST, {0x01f1, 0x01f2}}},
-  {0x01f5, {1|U, {0x01f4}}},
-  {0x01f9, {1|U, {0x01f8}}},
-  {0x01fb, {1|U, {0x01fa}}},
-  {0x01fd, {1|U, {0x01fc}}},
-  {0x01ff, {1|U, {0x01fe}}},
-  {0x0201, {1|U, {0x0200}}},
-  {0x0203, {1|U, {0x0202}}},
-  {0x0205, {1|U, {0x0204}}},
-  {0x0207, {1|U, {0x0206}}},
-  {0x0209, {1|U, {0x0208}}},
-  {0x020b, {1|U, {0x020a}}},
-  {0x020d, {1|U, {0x020c}}},
-  {0x020f, {1|U, {0x020e}}},
-  {0x0211, {1|U, {0x0210}}},
-  {0x0213, {1|U, {0x0212}}},
-  {0x0215, {1|U, {0x0214}}},
-  {0x0217, {1|U, {0x0216}}},
-  {0x0219, {1|U, {0x0218}}},
-  {0x021b, {1|U, {0x021a}}},
-  {0x021d, {1|U, {0x021c}}},
-  {0x021f, {1|U, {0x021e}}},
-  {0x0223, {1|U, {0x0222}}},
-  {0x0225, {1|U, {0x0224}}},
-  {0x0227, {1|U, {0x0226}}},
-  {0x0229, {1|U, {0x0228}}},
-  {0x022b, {1|U, {0x022a}}},
-  {0x022d, {1|U, {0x022c}}},
-  {0x022f, {1|U, {0x022e}}},
-  {0x0231, {1|U, {0x0230}}},
-  {0x0233, {1|U, {0x0232}}},
-  {0x023c, {1|U, {0x023b}}},
-  {0x023f, {1|U, {0x2c7e}}},
-  {0x0240, {1|U, {0x2c7f}}},
-  {0x0242, {1|U, {0x0241}}},
-  {0x0247, {1|U, {0x0246}}},
-  {0x0249, {1|U, {0x0248}}},
-  {0x024b, {1|U, {0x024a}}},
-  {0x024d, {1|U, {0x024c}}},
-  {0x024f, {1|U, {0x024e}}},
-  {0x0250, {1|U, {0x2c6f}}},
-  {0x0251, {1|U, {0x2c6d}}},
-  {0x0252, {1|U, {0x2c70}}},
-  {0x0253, {1|U, {0x0181}}},
-  {0x0254, {1|U, {0x0186}}},
-  {0x0256, {1|U, {0x0189}}},
-  {0x0257, {1|U, {0x018a}}},
-  {0x0259, {1|U, {0x018f}}},
-  {0x025b, {1|U, {0x0190}}},
-  {0x025c, {1|U, {0xa7ab}}},
-  {0x0260, {1|U, {0x0193}}},
-  {0x0261, {1|U, {0xa7ac}}},
-  {0x0263, {1|U, {0x0194}}},
-  {0x0265, {1|U, {0xa78d}}},
-  {0x0266, {1|U, {0xa7aa}}},
-  {0x0268, {1|U, {0x0197}}},
-  {0x0269, {1|U, {0x0196}}},
-  {0x026a, {1|U, {0xa7ae}}},
-  {0x026b, {1|U, {0x2c62}}},
-  {0x026c, {1|U, {0xa7ad}}},
-  {0x026f, {1|U, {0x019c}}},
-  {0x0271, {1|U, {0x2c6e}}},
-  {0x0272, {1|U, {0x019d}}},
-  {0x0275, {1|U, {0x019f}}},
-  {0x027d, {1|U, {0x2c64}}},
-  {0x0280, {1|U, {0x01a6}}},
-  {0x0282, {1|U, {0xa7c5}}},
-  {0x0283, {1|U, {0x01a9}}},
-  {0x0287, {1|U, {0xa7b1}}},
-  {0x0288, {1|U, {0x01ae}}},
-  {0x0289, {1|U, {0x0244}}},
-  {0x028a, {1|U, {0x01b1}}},
-  {0x028b, {1|U, {0x01b2}}},
-  {0x028c, {1|U, {0x0245}}},
-  {0x0292, {1|U, {0x01b7}}},
-  {0x029d, {1|U, {0xa7b2}}},
-  {0x029e, {1|U, {0xa7b0}}},
-  {0x0371, {1|U, {0x0370}}},
-  {0x0373, {1|U, {0x0372}}},
-  {0x0377, {1|U, {0x0376}}},
-  {0x037b, {1|U, {0x03fd}}},
-  {0x037c, {1|U, {0x03fe}}},
-  {0x037d, {1|U, {0x03ff}}},
-  {0x03ac, {1|U, {0x0386}}},
-  {0x03ad, {1|U, {0x0388}}},
-  {0x03ae, {1|U, {0x0389}}},
-  {0x03af, {1|U, {0x038a}}},
-  {0x03b1, {1|U, {0x0391}}},
-  {0x03b2, {2|U, {0x0392, 0x03d0}}},
-  {0x03b3, {1|U, {0x0393}}},
-  {0x03b4, {1|U, {0x0394}}},
-  {0x03b5, {2|U, {0x0395, 0x03f5}}},
-  {0x03b6, {1|U, {0x0396}}},
-  {0x03b7, {1|U, {0x0397}}},
-  {0x03b8, {3|U, {0x0398, 0x03d1, 0x03f4}}},
-  {0x03b9, {3|U, {0x0399, 0x0345, 0x1fbe}}},
-  {0x03ba, {2|U, {0x039a, 0x03f0}}},
-  {0x03bb, {1|U, {0x039b}}},
-  {0x03bc, {2|U, {0x039c, 0x00b5}}},
-  {0x03bd, {1|U, {0x039d}}},
-  {0x03be, {1|U, {0x039e}}},
-  {0x03bf, {1|U, {0x039f}}},
-  {0x03c0, {2|U, {0x03a0, 0x03d6}}},
-  {0x03c1, {2|U, {0x03a1, 0x03f1}}},
-  {0x03c3, {2|U, {0x03a3, 0x03c2}}},
-  {0x03c4, {1|U, {0x03a4}}},
-  {0x03c5, {1|U, {0x03a5}}},
-  {0x03c6, {2|U, {0x03a6, 0x03d5}}},
-  {0x03c7, {1|U, {0x03a7}}},
-  {0x03c8, {1|U, {0x03a8}}},
-  {0x03c9, {2|U, {0x03a9, 0x2126}}},
-  {0x03ca, {1|U, {0x03aa}}},
-  {0x03cb, {1|U, {0x03ab}}},
-  {0x03cc, {1|U, {0x038c}}},
-  {0x03cd, {1|U, {0x038e}}},
-  {0x03ce, {1|U, {0x038f}}},
-  {0x03d7, {1|U, {0x03cf}}},
-  {0x03d9, {1|U, {0x03d8}}},
-  {0x03db, {1|U, {0x03da}}},
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-  {0x1e929, {1|U, {0x1e907}}},
-  {0x1e92a, {1|U, {0x1e908}}},
-  {0x1e92b, {1|U, {0x1e909}}},
-  {0x1e92c, {1|U, {0x1e90a}}},
-  {0x1e92d, {1|U, {0x1e90b}}},
-  {0x1e92e, {1|U, {0x1e90c}}},
-  {0x1e92f, {1|U, {0x1e90d}}},
-  {0x1e930, {1|U, {0x1e90e}}},
-  {0x1e931, {1|U, {0x1e90f}}},
-  {0x1e932, {1|U, {0x1e910}}},
-  {0x1e933, {1|U, {0x1e911}}},
-  {0x1e934, {1|U, {0x1e912}}},
-  {0x1e935, {1|U, {0x1e913}}},
-  {0x1e936, {1|U, {0x1e914}}},
-  {0x1e937, {1|U, {0x1e915}}},
-  {0x1e938, {1|U, {0x1e916}}},
-  {0x1e939, {1|U, {0x1e917}}},
-  {0x1e93a, {1|U, {0x1e918}}},
-  {0x1e93b, {1|U, {0x1e919}}},
-  {0x1e93c, {1|U, {0x1e91a}}},
-  {0x1e93d, {1|U, {0x1e91b}}},
-  {0x1e93e, {1|U, {0x1e91c}}},
-  {0x1e93f, {1|U, {0x1e91d}}},
-  {0x1e940, {1|U, {0x1e91e}}},
-  {0x1e941, {1|U, {0x1e91f}}},
-  {0x1e942, {1|U, {0x1e920}}},
-  {0x1e943, {1|U, {0x1e921}}},
-#define CaseUnfold_11_Locale (*(CaseUnfold_11_Type (*)[1])(CaseUnfold_11_Table+1395))
-  {0x0069, {1|U, {0x0049}}},
-};
-
-/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
-/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_lookup -n  */
-
-/* maximum key range = 2771, duplicates = 0 */
-
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-__inline
-#else
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-inline
-#endif
-#endif
-/*ARGSUSED*/
-static unsigned int
-onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_hash(const OnigCodePoint code)
-{
-  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
-    {
-         1, 2774,    2,    2,    4,  421,    9,  371,  231,  463,
-        37,   20,    2,    3,  419,  408, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,
-      2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,  112,
-      2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,  120, 2774, 2774,
-      2774, 2774, 2774,    1, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,
-      2774, 2774, 2774,  355, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,
-      2774, 2774,   10,    9,    7,    8,  244,  689,  226,  993,
-       561,  710,  104, 1429,   36, 1190,   28,   15,  114, 1768,
-       241, 1003,   87,  285,   26, 1399,   78, 1360,    7, 1455,
-        90, 1076,  113,   10,  724, 1460,  167, 1727,  155, 1040,
-        67,  754,   66,  705,  246,  886,  331, 1140,  430, 1251,
-       864,  768,  643, 1064, 1591,  865,  834,  720, 1700,  671,
-      1581,  657, 1794,  842, 1782, 1050, 1537, 1024, 1760,  814,
-       975,  440, 1187,  407, 1440,  951, 1384,  909, 1320,  555,
-      1567,  541, 1723,  525,  383,  501, 1179,  250, 1596,  342,
-      1575,  352, 1501,  194, 1559,   70, 1512,   85, 1509,  129,
-       467,  100, 1413,    1, 1485,   25, 1351,   35, 1088,   55,
-      1262,   45, 1277,  160, 1245,  317,  118,  220, 1300,  596,
-      1100,  373, 1632,  617, 1337, 1236, 1500, 1152,  148,  793,
-      1538,  979,  385, 1228
-    };
-  return asso_values[bits_of(code, 2)+66] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 1)+4] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 0)];
-}
-
-static const CodePointList3 *
-onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_lookup(const OnigCodePoint code)
-{
-  enum
-    {
-      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x61,
-      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x1e943,
-      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 1396,
-      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
-      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
-      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 3,
-      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 2773
-    };
-
-  static const short wordlist[] =
-    {
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x13e1*/ 589,
-      /*0x0461*/ 340,
-      /*0x04e1*/ 400,
-      /*0x0061*/ 0,
-      -1,
-      /*0x104e1*/ 1184,
-      /*0x1e61*/ 661,
-      /*0x1ee1*/ 720,
-      /*0x0161*/ 102,
-      /*0x2ce1*/ 953,
-      -1,
-      /*0x049b*/ 365,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x24e1*/ 840,
-      /*0x1e1b*/ 626,
-      /*0x048b*/ 357,
-      /*0x011b*/ 69,
-      /*0x2c9b*/ 918,
-      /*0x03e1*/ 280,
-      /*0x1e0b*/ 618,
-      /*0x1e8b*/ 682,
-      /*0x010b*/ 61,
-      /*0x2c8b*/ 910,
-      /*0x13e3*/ 591,
-      /*0x0463*/ 341,
-      /*0x04e3*/ 401,
-      /*0x0063*/ 2,
-      -1,
-      /*0x104e3*/ 1186,
-      /*0x1e63*/ 662,
-      /*0x1ee3*/ 721,
-      /*0x0163*/ 103,
-      /*0x2ce3*/ 954,
-      /*0x13e5*/ 593,
-      /*0x0465*/ 342,
-      /*0x04e5*/ 402,
-      /*0x0065*/ 4,
-      /*0x24e3*/ 842,
-      /*0x104e5*/ 1188,
-      /*0x1e65*/ 663,
-      /*0x1ee5*/ 722,
-      /*0x0165*/ 104,
-      /*0x03e3*/ 281,
-      /*0x13e9*/ 597,
-      /*0x0469*/ 344,
-      /*0x04e9*/ 404,
-      /*0x0069*/ 1395,
-      /*0x24e5*/ 844,
-      /*0x104e9*/ 1192,
-      /*0x1e69*/ 665,
-      /*0x1ee9*/ 724,
-      /*0x0169*/ 106,
-      /*0x03e5*/ 282,
-      /*0x13e7*/ 595,
-      /*0x0467*/ 343,
-      /*0x04e7*/ 403,
-      /*0x0067*/ 6,
-      /*0x24e9*/ 848,
-      /*0x104e7*/ 1190,
-      /*0x1e67*/ 664,
-      /*0x1ee7*/ 723,
-      /*0x0167*/ 105,
-      /*0x03e9*/ 284,
-      -1,
-      /*0x13a4*/ 528,
-      /*0x13a2*/ 526,
-      -1,
-      /*0x24e7*/ 846,
-      /*0x13d9*/ 581,
-      /*0x0459*/ 333,
-      /*0x04d9*/ 396,
-      -1,
-      /*0x03e7*/ 283,
-      /*0x104d9*/ 1176,
-      /*0x1e59*/ 657,
-      /*0x1ed9*/ 716,
-      /*0x0159*/ 98,
-      /*0x2cd9*/ 949,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x24d9*/ 832,
-      /*0x13db*/ 583,
-      /*0x045b*/ 335,
-      /*0x04db*/ 397,
-      /*0xa761*/ 1065,
-      /*0x03d9*/ 276,
-      /*0x104db*/ 1178,
-      /*0x1e5b*/ 658,
-      /*0x1edb*/ 717,
-      /*0x015b*/ 99,
-      /*0x2cdb*/ 950,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x24db*/ 834,
-      /*0x13df*/ 587,
-      /*0x045f*/ 339,
-      /*0x04df*/ 399,
-      -1,
-      /*0x03db*/ 277,
-      /*0x104df*/ 1182,
-      /*0x1e5f*/ 660,
-      /*0x1edf*/ 719,
-      /*0x015f*/ 101,
-      /*0x2cdf*/ 952,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xa763*/ 1066,
-      /*0x2c61*/ 897,
-      /*0x24df*/ 838,
-      /*0x10ce1*/ 1279,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x13ee*/ 602,
-      /*0x03df*/ 279,
-      /*0x10e1*/ 495,
-      /*0x006e*/ 12,
-      /*0xa765*/ 1067,
-      /*0x104ee*/ 1197,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x2cee*/ 956,
-      -1,
-      /*0x13dd*/ 585,
-      /*0x045d*/ 337,
-      /*0x04dd*/ 398,
-      /*0xa769*/ 1069,
-      -1,
-      /*0x104dd*/ 1180,
-      /*0x1e5d*/ 659,
-      /*0x1edd*/ 718,
-      /*0x015d*/ 100,
-      /*0x2cdd*/ 951,
-      /*0x10ce3*/ 1281,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xa767*/ 1068,
-      /*0x24dd*/ 836,
-      /*0x10e3*/ 497,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x2c65*/ 898,
-      /*0x03dd*/ 278,
-      /*0x10ce5*/ 1283,
-      -1,
-      /*0x007a*/ 24,
-      -1,
-      /*0x104fa*/ 1209,
-      /*0x10e5*/ 499,
-      /*0x13a0*/ 524,
-      /*0x017a*/ 114,
-      /*0xa759*/ 1061,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10ce9*/ 1287,
-      /*0x13eb*/ 599,
-      /*0x046b*/ 345,
-      /*0x04eb*/ 405,
-      /*0x006b*/ 9,
-      /*0x10e9*/ 503,
-      /*0x104eb*/ 1194,
-      /*0x1e6b*/ 666,
-      /*0x1eeb*/ 725,
-      /*0x016b*/ 107,
-      /*0x10ce7*/ 1285,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xa75b*/ 1062,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10e7*/ 501,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x03eb*/ 285,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x2c59*/ 890,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10cd9*/ 1271,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xa75f*/ 1064,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10d9*/ 487,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x13d7*/ 579,
-      /*0x0457*/ 331,
-      /*0x04d7*/ 395,
-      /*0x2c5b*/ 892,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10cdb*/ 1273,
-      /*0x1e57*/ 656,
-      /*0x1ed7*/ 715,
-      /*0x0157*/ 97,
-      /*0x2cd7*/ 948,
-      /*0x10db*/ 489,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x24d7*/ 830,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x2c5f*/ 896,
-      /*0x03d7*/ 275,
-      /*0x10cdf*/ 1277,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa75d*/ 1063,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x10df*/ 493,
-      /*0x13ef*/ 603,
-      /*0x046f*/ 347,
-      /*0x04ef*/ 407,
-      /*0x006f*/ 13,
-      -1,
-      /*0x104ef*/ 1198,
-      /*0x1e6f*/ 668,
-      /*0x1eef*/ 727,
-      /*0x016f*/ 109,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x0261*/ 210,
-      /*0x10cee*/ 1292,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xa77a*/ 1073,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10ee*/ 508,
-      -1,
-      /*0x03ef*/ 287,
-      /*0x021b*/ 178,
-      /*0x2c5d*/ 894,
-      /*0xa661*/ 1014,
-      /*0x10cdd*/ 1275,
-      /*0x1f61*/ 777,
-      /*0x020b*/ 170,
-      /*0x13a6*/ 530,
-      /*0xa76b*/ 1070,
-      /*0x10dd*/ 491,
-      /*0x1d8e*/ 612,
-      /*0x13d1*/ 573,
-      /*0x0451*/ 325,
-      /*0x04d1*/ 392,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x0263*/ 211,
-      /*0x1e51*/ 653,
-      /*0x1ed1*/ 712,
-      /*0x0151*/ 94,
-      /*0x2cd1*/ 945,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x24d1*/ 824,
-      /*0x0265*/ 212,
-      /*0xa663*/ 1015,
-      /*0x10fa*/ 520,
-      /*0x1f63*/ 779,
-      /*0x1f12*/ 746,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x10ceb*/ 1289,
-      /*0x0269*/ 215,
-      /*0xa665*/ 1016,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1f65*/ 781,
-      /*0x10eb*/ 505,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa757*/ 1060,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xa669*/ 1018,
-      /*0x0491*/ 360,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x1e11*/ 621,
-      /*0x1e91*/ 685,
-      /*0x0111*/ 64,
-      /*0x2c91*/ 913,
-      /*0xa79b*/ 1086,
-      /*0xa667*/ 1017,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1f67*/ 783,
-      -1,
-      /*0x0259*/ 206,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x2c57*/ 888,
-      /*0xa76f*/ 1072,
-      /*0x10cd7*/ 1269,
-      /*0x1f24*/ 754,
-      /*0x1f22*/ 752,
-      /*0xa659*/ 1010,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10d7*/ 485,
-      -1,
-      /*0x025b*/ 207,
-      -1,
-      /*0x13ed*/ 601,
-      /*0x046d*/ 346,
-      /*0x04ed*/ 406,
-      /*0x006d*/ 11,
-      /*0x1f14*/ 748,
-      /*0x104ed*/ 1196,
-      /*0x1e6d*/ 667,
-      /*0x1eed*/ 726,
-      /*0x016d*/ 108,
-      /*0xa65b*/ 1011,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x1f10*/ 744,
-      /*0x13a8*/ 532,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x10cef*/ 1293,
-      /*0x10428*/ 1135,
-      /*0x03ed*/ 286,
-      /*0xa751*/ 1057,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10ef*/ 509,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa65f*/ 1013,
-      /*0x13d3*/ 575,
-      /*0x0453*/ 327,
-      /*0x04d3*/ 393,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x1f06*/ 742,
-      /*0x1e53*/ 654,
-      /*0x1ed3*/ 713,
-      /*0x0153*/ 95,
-      /*0x2cd3*/ 946,
-      /*0x13d5*/ 577,
-      /*0x0455*/ 329,
-      /*0x04d5*/ 394,
-      /*0xa7d9*/ 1106,
-      /*0x24d3*/ 826,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1e55*/ 655,
-      /*0x1ed5*/ 714,
-      /*0x0155*/ 96,
-      /*0x2cd5*/ 947,
-      /*0x2c51*/ 882,
-      /*0xa794*/ 1083,
-      /*0x10cd1*/ 1263,
-      -1,
-      /*0x24d5*/ 828,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x10d1*/ 479,
-      /*0xa65d*/ 1012,
-      /*0x01e1*/ 151,
-      -1,
-      /*0x13f3*/ 607,
-      /*0x0473*/ 349,
-      /*0x04f3*/ 409,
-      /*0x0073*/ 17,
-      -1,
-      /*0x104f3*/ 1202,
-      /*0x1e73*/ 670,
-      /*0x1ef3*/ 729,
-      /*0x0173*/ 111,
-      /*0x2cf3*/ 957,
-      /*0x13ce*/ 570,
-      /*0x044e*/ 322,
-      /*0x04ce*/ 390,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1044e*/ 1173,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x026b*/ 217,
-      /*0x1f7a*/ 794,
-      /*0x03f3*/ 289,
-      /*0x017e*/ 116,
-      -1,
-      /*0x01e3*/ 152,
-      /*0x0192*/ 122,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1f20*/ 750,
-      /*0xa78c*/ 1080,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa66b*/ 1019,
-      /*0x03ce*/ 274,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa76d*/ 1071,
-      /*0x01e5*/ 153,
-      /*0x0188*/ 120,
-      /*0x13c3*/ 559,
-      /*0x0443*/ 311,
-      /*0x0373*/ 237,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10443*/ 1162,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1e43*/ 646,
-      /*0x1ec3*/ 705,
-      /*0x01e9*/ 155,
-      /*0x2cc3*/ 938,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x0561*/ 440,
-      /*0x1059b*/ 1215,
-      /*0x00e1*/ 26,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x0257*/ 205,
-      /*0x01e7*/ 154,
-      /*0x03c3*/ 263,
-      /*0x118d9*/ 1322,
-      /*0x051b*/ 429,
-      /*0xa753*/ 1058,
-      /*0x13aa*/ 534,
-      /*0x10ced*/ 1291,
-      /*0xab53*/ 1108,
-      /*0x050b*/ 421,
-      /*0x1042a*/ 1137,
-      /*0xa657*/ 1009,
-      /*0x10ed*/ 507,
-      /*0x1f57*/ 775,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa755*/ 1059,
-      /*0x13c1*/ 557,
-      /*0x0441*/ 309,
-      /*0x118db*/ 1324,
-      /*0x0563*/ 442,
-      /*0x10441*/ 1160,
-      /*0x00e3*/ 28,
-      /*0x1e41*/ 645,
-      /*0x1ec1*/ 704,
-      -1,
-      /*0x2cc1*/ 937,
-      /*0x026f*/ 219,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x0565*/ 444,
-      /*0x2c53*/ 884,
-      /*0x00e5*/ 30,
-      /*0x10cd3*/ 1265,
-      /*0x118df*/ 1328,
-      -1,
-      /*0x03c1*/ 262,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10d3*/ 481,
-      -1,
-      /*0x0569*/ 448,
-      /*0x2c55*/ 886,
-      /*0x00e9*/ 34,
-      /*0x10cd5*/ 1267,
-      /*0x13de*/ 586,
-      /*0x045e*/ 338,
-      /*0x1f02*/ 738,
-      /*0x01df*/ 150,
-      /*0x10d5*/ 483,
-      /*0x104de*/ 1181,
-      /*0x0567*/ 446,
-      -1,
-      /*0x00e7*/ 32,
-      /*0x105a4*/ 1223,
-      /*0x028b*/ 231,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa7d7*/ 1105,
-      /*0x0251*/ 200,
-      /*0x24de*/ 837,
-      -1,
-      /*0x019a*/ 125,
-      /*0x018c*/ 121,
-      /*0x2c73*/ 903,
-      /*0x118dd*/ 1326,
-      /*0x1f00*/ 736,
-      /*0x0292*/ 233,
-      /*0x1f26*/ 756,
-      /*0x028a*/ 230,
-      /*0xa651*/ 1006,
-      /*0x10f3*/ 513,
-      /*0x1f51*/ 772,
-      /*0xa743*/ 1050,
-      /*0x2c4e*/ 879,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10cce*/ 1260,
-      /*0x0288*/ 228,
-      /*0x01dd*/ 149,
-      /*0x10598*/ 1212,
-      /*0x13cf*/ 571,
-      /*0x044f*/ 323,
-      /*0x04cf*/ 391,
-      /*0x10fe*/ 522,
-      /*0x1044f*/ 1174,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1e4f*/ 652,
-      /*0x1ecf*/ 711,
-      /*0x014f*/ 93,
-      /*0x2ccf*/ 944,
-      /*0x0586*/ 477,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1e924*/ 1363,
-      /*0x1e922*/ 1361,
-      /*0x0211*/ 173,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x2c43*/ 868,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10cc3*/ 1249,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1059a*/ 1214,
-      -1,
-      /*0x13cd*/ 569,
-      /*0x044d*/ 321,
-      /*0xa741*/ 1049,
-      /*0x1f11*/ 745,
-      /*0x1044d*/ 1172,
-      /*0x01eb*/ 156,
-      /*0x1e4d*/ 651,
-      /*0x1ecd*/ 710,
-      /*0x014d*/ 92,
-      /*0x2ccd*/ 943,
-      /*0xa7d1*/ 1104,
-      /*0x056e*/ 453,
-      /*0x019e*/ 126,
-      /*0x00ee*/ 39,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0x13cb*/ 567,
-      /*0x044b*/ 319,
-      -1,
-      /*0x03cd*/ 273,
-      /*0x1044b*/ 1170,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1e4b*/ 650,
-      /*0x1ecb*/ 709,
-      /*0x014b*/ 91,
-      /*0x2ccb*/ 942,
-      /*0x118d7*/ 1320,
-      /*0x2c41*/ 866,
-      -1,
-      /*0x10cc1*/ 1247,
-      /*0x13c9*/ 565,
-      /*0x0449*/ 317,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa66d*/ 1020,
-      /*0x10449*/ 1168,
-      /*0x03cb*/ 271,
-      /*0x1e49*/ 649,
-      /*0x1ec9*/ 708,
-      -1,
-      /*0x2cc9*/ 941,
-      /*0x105a0*/ 1220,
-      /*0x057a*/ 465,
-      -1,
-      /*0x00fa*/ 50,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa791*/ 1081,
-      -1,
-      /*0x0253*/ 202,
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-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1,
-      /*0x1fb0*/ 798,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff48*/ 1116,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff46*/ 1114,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xa695*/ 1031,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xa693*/ 1030,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff44*/ 1112,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xa687*/ 1024,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x2d1f*/ 989,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1,
-      /*0xa697*/ 1032,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff56*/ 1130,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff5a*/ 1134,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x2d0d*/ 971,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff58*/ 1132,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1,
-      /*0xff4a*/ 1118,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1,
-      /*0xff54*/ 1128,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1,
-      /*0xff52*/ 1126,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xff4c*/ 1120,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0xa68d*/ 1027
-    };
-
-  if (code <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && code >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
-    {
-      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_hash(code);
-
-      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
-        {
-          register short s = wordlist[key];
-
-          if (s >= 0 && code1_equal(code, CaseUnfold_11_Table[s].from))
-            return &CaseUnfold_11_Table[s].to;
-        }
-    }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static const CaseUnfold_12_Type CaseUnfold_12_Table[] = {
-#define CaseUnfold_12 (*(CaseUnfold_12_Type (*)[58])(CaseUnfold_12_Table+0))
-  {{0x0061, 0x02be}, {1, {0x1e9a}}},
-  {{0x0066, 0x0066}, {1, {0xfb00}}},
-  {{0x0066, 0x0069}, {1, {0xfb01}}},
-  {{0x0066, 0x006c}, {1, {0xfb02}}},
-  {{0x0068, 0x0331}, {1, {0x1e96}}},
-  {{0x006a, 0x030c}, {1, {0x01f0}}},
-  {{0x0073, 0x0073}, {2, {0x00df, 0x1e9e}}},
-  {{0x0073, 0x0074}, {2, {0xfb05, 0xfb06}}},
-  {{0x0074, 0x0308}, {1, {0x1e97}}},
-  {{0x0077, 0x030a}, {1, {0x1e98}}},
-  {{0x0079, 0x030a}, {1, {0x1e99}}},
-  {{0x02bc, 0x006e}, {1, {0x0149}}},
-  {{0x03ac, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fb4}}},
-  {{0x03ae, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fc4}}},
-  {{0x03b1, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fb6}}},
-  {{0x03b1, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fb3, 0x1fbc}}},
-  {{0x03b7, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fc6}}},
-  {{0x03b7, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fc3, 0x1fcc}}},
-  {{0x03b9, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fd6}}},
-  {{0x03c1, 0x0313}, {1, {0x1fe4}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0313}, {1, {0x1f50}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fe6}}},
-  {{0x03c9, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1ff6}}},
-  {{0x03c9, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1ff3, 0x1ffc}}},
-  {{0x03ce, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1ff4}}},
-  {{0x0565, 0x0582}, {1, {0x0587}}},
-  {{0x0574, 0x0565}, {1, {0xfb14}}},
-  {{0x0574, 0x056b}, {1, {0xfb15}}},
-  {{0x0574, 0x056d}, {1, {0xfb17}}},
-  {{0x0574, 0x0576}, {1, {0xfb13}}},
-  {{0x057e, 0x0576}, {1, {0xfb16}}},
-  {{0x1f00, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f80, 0x1f88}}},
-  {{0x1f01, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f81, 0x1f89}}},
-  {{0x1f02, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f82, 0x1f8a}}},
-  {{0x1f03, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f83, 0x1f8b}}},
-  {{0x1f04, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f84, 0x1f8c}}},
-  {{0x1f05, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f85, 0x1f8d}}},
-  {{0x1f06, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f86, 0x1f8e}}},
-  {{0x1f07, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f87, 0x1f8f}}},
-  {{0x1f20, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f90, 0x1f98}}},
-  {{0x1f21, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f91, 0x1f99}}},
-  {{0x1f22, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f92, 0x1f9a}}},
-  {{0x1f23, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f93, 0x1f9b}}},
-  {{0x1f24, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f94, 0x1f9c}}},
-  {{0x1f25, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f95, 0x1f9d}}},
-  {{0x1f26, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f96, 0x1f9e}}},
-  {{0x1f27, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f97, 0x1f9f}}},
-  {{0x1f60, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa0, 0x1fa8}}},
-  {{0x1f61, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa1, 0x1fa9}}},
-  {{0x1f62, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa2, 0x1faa}}},
-  {{0x1f63, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa3, 0x1fab}}},
-  {{0x1f64, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa4, 0x1fac}}},
-  {{0x1f65, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa5, 0x1fad}}},
-  {{0x1f66, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa6, 0x1fae}}},
-  {{0x1f67, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa7, 0x1faf}}},
-  {{0x1f70, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fb2}}},
-  {{0x1f74, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fc2}}},
-  {{0x1f7c, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1ff2}}},
-#define CaseUnfold_12_Locale (*(CaseUnfold_12_Type (*)[1])(CaseUnfold_12_Table+58))
-  {{0x0069, 0x0307}, {1, {0x0130}}},
-};
-
-/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
-/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3,4,5,6 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_lookup -n  */
-
-/* maximum key range = 71, duplicates = 0 */
-
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-__inline
-#else
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-inline
-#endif
-#endif
-/*ARGSUSED*/
-static unsigned int
-onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_hash(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
-{
-  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
-    {
-       3, 58, 54, 57, 56, 16,  8,  2, 43, 82,
-       3,  1, 23, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82,  4,
-      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82,
-      82, 82, 52, 51, 50, 49, 48, 47, 46, 45,
-      82, 82, 82, 82, 43, 82, 42, 82, 82, 13,
-      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 11, 82,  1, 82, 82,
-      14, 82,  1, 82, 82, 31,  3, 82, 82, 30,
-      82, 82, 82, 10, 82, 82, 82, 82, 37, 82,
-      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82,
-      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 37, 15, 36, 35,
-      34, 17,  1, 33, 12,  4, 23, 23, 26, 21,
-      13, 82, 27, 82, 82,  2,  5, 82, 11, 16,
-      82, 15, 82, 82, 23, 82,  8, 82
-    };
-  return asso_values[bits_at(codes, 5)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 4)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 3)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 2)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 1)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 0)];
-}
-
-static const CodePointList2 *
-onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_lookup(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
-{
-  enum
-    {
-      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x61,
-      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x1f7c,
-      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 59,
-      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 6,
-      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 6,
-      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 11,
-      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 81
-    };
-
-  static const short wordlist[] =
-    {
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x1f66,0x03b9*/ 53,
-      /*0x1f07,0x03b9*/ 38,
-      /*0x1f00,0x03b9*/ 31,
-      /*0x0066,0x0066*/ 1,
-      /*0x1f74,0x03b9*/ 56,
-      /*0x0073,0x0073*/ 6,
-      /*0x0066,0x0069*/ 2,
-      /*0x1f06,0x03b9*/ 37,
-      /*0x0073,0x0074*/ 7,
-      /*0x03b9,0x0342*/ 18,
-      /*0x03c9,0x03b9*/ 23,
-      /*0x03b7,0x03b9*/ 17,
-      /*0x0069,0x0307*/ 58,
-      /*0x03b1,0x03b9*/ 15,
-      /*0x1f61,0x03b9*/ 48,
-      /*0x1f05,0x03b9*/ 36,
-      /*0x1f65,0x03b9*/ 52,
-      /*0x0574,0x0576*/ 29,
-      /*0x03c9,0x0342*/ 22,
-      /*0x03b7,0x0342*/ 16,
-      /*0x057e,0x0576*/ 30,
-      /*0x03b1,0x0342*/ 14,
-      /*0x1f7c,0x03b9*/ 57,
-      /*0x0574,0x0565*/ 26,
-      /*0x0079,0x030a*/ 10,
-      /*0x0077,0x030a*/ 9,
-      /*0x1f70,0x03b9*/ 55,
-      /*0x0574,0x056d*/ 28,
-      /*0x0066,0x006c*/ 3,
-      /*0x0574,0x056b*/ 27,
-      /*0x0061,0x02be*/ 0,
-      /*0x0068,0x0331*/ 4,
-      /*0x1f67,0x03b9*/ 54,
-      /*0x1f64,0x03b9*/ 51,
-      /*0x1f63,0x03b9*/ 50,
-      /*0x1f62,0x03b9*/ 49,
-      /*0x1f60,0x03b9*/ 47,
-      /*0x03ce,0x03b9*/ 24,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0342*/ 21,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0313*/ 20,
-      /*0x03c1,0x0313*/ 19,
-      /*0x02bc,0x006e*/ 11,
-      /*0x03ae,0x03b9*/ 13,
-      /*0x03ac,0x03b9*/ 12,
-      /*0x1f27,0x03b9*/ 46,
-      /*0x1f26,0x03b9*/ 45,
-      /*0x1f25,0x03b9*/ 44,
-      /*0x1f24,0x03b9*/ 43,
-      /*0x1f23,0x03b9*/ 42,
-      /*0x1f22,0x03b9*/ 41,
-      /*0x1f21,0x03b9*/ 40,
-      /*0x1f20,0x03b9*/ 39,
-      /*0x006a,0x030c*/ 5,
-      /*0x1f02,0x03b9*/ 33,
-      /*0x0074,0x0308*/ 8,
-      /*0x1f04,0x03b9*/ 35,
-      /*0x1f03,0x03b9*/ 34,
-      /*0x1f01,0x03b9*/ 32,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x0565,0x0582*/ 25
-    };
-
-  if (codes[0] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[0] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE &&
-      codes[1] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[1] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
-    {
-      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_hash(codes);
-
-      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
-        {
-          register short s = wordlist[key];
-
-          if (s >= 0 && code2_equal(codes, CaseUnfold_12_Table[s].from))
-            return &CaseUnfold_12_Table[s].to;
-        }
-    }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static const CaseUnfold_13_Type CaseUnfold_13_Table[] = {
-#define CaseUnfold_13 (*(CaseUnfold_13_Type (*)[14])(CaseUnfold_13_Table+0))
-  {{0x0066, 0x0066, 0x0069}, {1, {0xfb03}}},
-  {{0x0066, 0x0066, 0x006c}, {1, {0xfb04}}},
-  {{0x03b1, 0x0342, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fb7}}},
-  {{0x03b7, 0x0342, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fc7}}},
-  {{0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0300}, {1, {0x1fd2}}},
-  {{0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0301}, {2, {0x0390, 0x1fd3}}},
-  {{0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fd7}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0300}, {1, {0x1fe2}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0301}, {2, {0x03b0, 0x1fe3}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fe7}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0313, 0x0300}, {1, {0x1f52}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0313, 0x0301}, {1, {0x1f54}}},
-  {{0x03c5, 0x0313, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1f56}}},
-  {{0x03c9, 0x0342, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1ff7}}},
-};
-
-/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
-/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_lookup -n  */
-
-/* maximum key range = 20, duplicates = 0 */
-
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-__inline
-#else
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-inline
-#endif
-#endif
-/*ARGSUSED*/
-static unsigned int
-onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_hash(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
-{
-  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
-    {
-       7,  4, 47, 47, 47, 47,  1,  1,  2, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,  1,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 11,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 10, 47,  2, 47, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,  1, 47, 47,  1,
-      47, 47, 47,  9, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
-      47, 47,  1, 47, 47,  2, 47, 47,  1, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
-      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47
-    };
-  return asso_values[bits_at(codes, 8)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 7)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 6)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 5)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 4)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 3)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 2)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 1)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 0)];
-}
-
-static const CodePointList2 *
-onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_lookup(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
-{
-  enum
-    {
-      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x66,
-      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x3c9,
-      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 14,
-      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 9,
-      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 9,
-      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 27,
-      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 46
-    };
-
-  static const short wordlist[] =
-    {
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0313,0x0342*/ 12,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0308,0x0342*/ 9,
-      /*0x03b9,0x0308,0x0342*/ 6,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0313,0x0301*/ 11,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0308,0x0301*/ 8,
-      /*0x03b9,0x0308,0x0301*/ 5,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0313,0x0300*/ 10,
-      /*0x03c5,0x0308,0x0300*/ 7,
-      /*0x03b9,0x0308,0x0300*/ 4,
-      /*0x03c9,0x0342,0x03b9*/ 13,
-      /*0x03b7,0x0342,0x03b9*/ 3,
-      /*0x03b1,0x0342,0x03b9*/ 2,
-      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-      /*0x0066,0x0066,0x006c*/ 1,
-      /*0x0066,0x0066,0x0069*/ 0
-    };
-
-  if (codes[0] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[0] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE &&
-      codes[1] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[1] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE &&
-      codes[2] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[2] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
-    {
-      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_hash(codes);
-
-      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
-        {
-          register short s = wordlist[key];
-
-          if (s >= 0 && code3_equal(codes, CaseUnfold_13_Table[s].from))
-            return &CaseUnfold_13_Table[s].to;
-        }
-    }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static const OnigCodePoint CaseMappingSpecials[] = {
-    L(1)|0x039C,
-    L(2)|0x0053, 0x0073, L(2)|0x0053, 0x0053,
-    L(2)|0x02BC, 0x004E,
-    L(1)|0x0053,
-    L(1)|0x01C5,
-    L(2)|0x0064, 0x017D, L(1)|0x01C4,
-    L(1)|0x01C8,
-    L(2)|0x006C, 0x004A, L(1)|0x01C7,
-    L(1)|0x01CB,
-    L(2)|0x006E, 0x004A, L(1)|0x01CA,
-    L(2)|0x004A, 0x030C,
-    L(1)|0x01F2,
-    L(2)|0x0064, 0x005A, L(1)|0x01F1,
-    L(1)|0x0399,
-    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0301,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0301,
-    L(1)|0x03A3,
-    L(1)|0x0392,
-    L(1)|0x0398,
-    L(1)|0x03A6,
-    L(1)|0x03A0,
-    L(1)|0x039A,
-    L(1)|0x03A1,
-    L(1)|0x0395,
-    L(2)|0x0535, 0x0582, L(2)|0x0535, 0x0552,
-    L(1)|0x0412,
-    L(1)|0x0414,
-    L(1)|0x041E,
-    L(1)|0x0421,
-    L(1)|0x0422,
-    L(1)|0x0422,
-    L(1)|0x042A,
-    L(1)|0x0462,
-    L(1)|0xA64A,
-    L(2)|0x0048, 0x0331,
-    L(2)|0x0054, 0x0308,
-    L(2)|0x0057, 0x030A,
-    L(2)|0x0059, 0x030A,
-    L(2)|0x0041, 0x02BE,
-    L(1)|0x1E60,
-    L(1)|0x00DF,
-    L(2)|0x03A5, 0x0313,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0313, 0x0300,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0313, 0x0301,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0313, 0x0342,
-    L(1)|0x1F88, L(2)|0x1F08, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F89, L(2)|0x1F09, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F8A, L(2)|0x1F0A, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F8B, L(2)|0x1F0B, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F8C, L(2)|0x1F0C, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F8D, L(2)|0x1F0D, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F8E, L(2)|0x1F0E, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F8F, L(2)|0x1F0F, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F00, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F80, L(2)|0x1F08, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F01, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F81, L(2)|0x1F09, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F02, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F82, L(2)|0x1F0A, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F03, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F83, L(2)|0x1F0B, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F04, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F84, L(2)|0x1F0C, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F05, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F85, L(2)|0x1F0D, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F06, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F86, L(2)|0x1F0E, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F07, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F87, L(2)|0x1F0F, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F98, L(2)|0x1F28, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F99, L(2)|0x1F29, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F9A, L(2)|0x1F2A, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F9B, L(2)|0x1F2B, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F9C, L(2)|0x1F2C, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F9D, L(2)|0x1F2D, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F9E, L(2)|0x1F2E, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1F9F, L(2)|0x1F2F, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F20, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F90, L(2)|0x1F28, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F21, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F91, L(2)|0x1F29, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F22, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F92, L(2)|0x1F2A, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F23, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F93, L(2)|0x1F2B, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F24, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F94, L(2)|0x1F2C, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F25, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F95, L(2)|0x1F2D, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F26, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F96, L(2)|0x1F2E, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F27, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F97, L(2)|0x1F2F, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FA8, L(2)|0x1F68, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FA9, L(2)|0x1F69, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FAA, L(2)|0x1F6A, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FAB, L(2)|0x1F6B, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FAC, L(2)|0x1F6C, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FAD, L(2)|0x1F6D, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FAE, L(2)|0x1F6E, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FAF, L(2)|0x1F6F, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F60, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA0, L(2)|0x1F68, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F61, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA1, L(2)|0x1F69, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F62, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA2, L(2)|0x1F6A, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F63, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA3, L(2)|0x1F6B, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F64, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA4, L(2)|0x1F6C, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F65, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA5, L(2)|0x1F6D, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F66, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA6, L(2)|0x1F6E, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1F67, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA7, L(2)|0x1F6F, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1FBA, 0x0345, L(2)|0x1FBA, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FBC, L(2)|0x0391, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x0386, 0x0345, L(2)|0x0386, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x0391, 0x0342,
-    L(3)|0x0391, 0x0342, 0x0345, L(3)|0x0391, 0x0342, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x03B1, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FB3, L(2)|0x0391, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x1FCA, 0x0345, L(2)|0x1FCA, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FCC, L(2)|0x0397, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x0389, 0x0345, L(2)|0x0389, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x0397, 0x0342,
-    L(3)|0x0397, 0x0342, 0x0345, L(3)|0x0397, 0x0342, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x03B7, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FC3, L(2)|0x0397, 0x0399,
-    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0300,
-    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0301,
-    L(2)|0x0399, 0x0342,
-    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0342,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0300,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0301,
-    L(2)|0x03A1, 0x0313,
-    L(2)|0x03A5, 0x0342,
-    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0342,
-    L(2)|0x1FFA, 0x0345, L(2)|0x1FFA, 0x0399,
-    L(1)|0x1FFC, L(2)|0x03A9, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x038F, 0x0345, L(2)|0x038F, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x03A9, 0x0342,
-    L(3)|0x03A9, 0x0342, 0x0345, L(3)|0x03A9, 0x0342, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x03C9, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FF3, L(2)|0x03A9, 0x0399,
-    L(2)|0x0046, 0x0066, L(2)|0x0046, 0x0046,
-    L(2)|0x0046, 0x0069, L(2)|0x0046, 0x0049,
-    L(2)|0x0046, 0x006C, L(2)|0x0046, 0x004C,
-    L(3)|0x0046, 0x0066, 0x0069, L(3)|0x0046, 0x0046, 0x0049,
-    L(3)|0x0046, 0x0066, 0x006C, L(3)|0x0046, 0x0046, 0x004C,
-    L(2)|0x0053, 0x0074, L(2)|0x0053, 0x0054,
-    L(2)|0x0053, 0x0074, L(2)|0x0053, 0x0054,
-    L(2)|0x0544, 0x0576, L(2)|0x0544, 0x0546,
-    L(2)|0x0544, 0x0565, L(2)|0x0544, 0x0535,
-    L(2)|0x0544, 0x056B, L(2)|0x0544, 0x053B,
-    L(2)|0x054E, 0x0576, L(2)|0x054E, 0x0546,
-    L(2)|0x0544, 0x056D, L(2)|0x0544, 0x053D,
-};
diff --git a/enc/unicode/14.0.0/name2ctype.h b/enc/unicode/14.0.0/name2ctype.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 99a3eeca19..0000000000
--- a/enc/unicode/14.0.0/name2ctype.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44581 +0,0 @@
-/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
-/* Command-line: gperf -7 -c -j1 -i1 -t -C -P -T -H uniname2ctype_hash -Q uniname2ctype_pool -N uniname2ctype_p  */
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-/* Computed positions: -k'1,3' */
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-/* Computed positions: -k'1-3,5-6,12,16,$' */
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-
-#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
-      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
-      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
-      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
-      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
-      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
-      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
-      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
-      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
-      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
-      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
-      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
-      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
-      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
-      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
-      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
-      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
-      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
-      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
-      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
-      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
-      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
-      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
-/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
-#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gperf@gnu.org>."
-#endif
-
-
-
-/* 'NEWLINE': [[:NEWLINE:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_NEWLINE[] = {
-	1,
-	0x000a, 0x000a,
-}; /* CR_NEWLINE */
-
-/* 'Alpha': [[:Alpha:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Alpha[] = {
-	722,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0370, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x05b0, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x0620, 0x0657,
-	0x0659, 0x065f,
-	0x066e, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
-	0x06e1, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ed, 0x06ef,
-	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x073f,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
-	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x0817,
-	0x081a, 0x082c,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
-	0x08d4, 0x08df,
-	0x08e3, 0x08e9,
-	0x08f0, 0x093b,
-	0x093d, 0x094c,
-	0x094e, 0x0950,
-	0x0955, 0x0963,
-	0x0971, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4c,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0af9, 0x0afc,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4c,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccc,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
-	0x0e4d, 0x0e4d,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ecd, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f81,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x1000, 0x1036,
-	0x1038, 0x1038,
-	0x103b, 0x103f,
-	0x1050, 0x108f,
-	0x109a, 0x109d,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1713,
-	0x171f, 0x1733,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17b6, 0x17c8,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x1938,
-	0x1950, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a61, 0x1a74,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1abf, 0x1ac0,
-	0x1acc, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b35, 0x1b43,
-	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bac, 0x1baf,
-	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
-	0x1be7, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c36,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
-	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1de7, 0x1df4,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa61f,
-	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66e,
-	0xa674, 0xa67b,
-	0xa67f, 0xa6ef,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa827,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c3,
-	0xa8c5, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa90a, 0xa92a,
-	0xa930, 0xa952,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9b4, 0xa9bf,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9ef,
-	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaabe,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf5,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabea,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x11045,
-	0x11071, 0x11075,
-	0x11082, 0x110b8,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x11100, 0x11132,
-	0x11144, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111bf,
-	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
-	0x111ce, 0x111cf,
-	0x111da, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x11234,
-	0x11237, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112e8,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134c,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11400, 0x11441,
-	0x11443, 0x11445,
-	0x11447, 0x1144a,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c1,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115be,
-	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x1163e,
-	0x11640, 0x11640,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11680, 0x116b5,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172a,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x11838,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x1193f, 0x11942,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119df,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a35, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a97,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d41,
-	0x11d43, 0x11d43,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d96,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9e, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1e947, 0x1e947,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Alpha */
-
-/* 'Blank': [[:Blank:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Blank[] = {
-	8,
-	0x0009, 0x0009,
-	0x0020, 0x0020,
-	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
-	0x1680, 0x1680,
-	0x2000, 0x200a,
-	0x202f, 0x202f,
-	0x205f, 0x205f,
-	0x3000, 0x3000,
-}; /* CR_Blank */
-
-/* 'Cntrl': [[:Cntrl:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cntrl[] = {
-	2,
-	0x0000, 0x001f,
-	0x007f, 0x009f,
-}; /* CR_Cntrl */
-
-/* 'Digit': [[:Digit:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Digit[] = {
-	62,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0660, 0x0669,
-	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
-	0x07c0, 0x07c9,
-	0x0966, 0x096f,
-	0x09e6, 0x09ef,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a6f,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
-	0x1040, 0x1049,
-	0x1090, 0x1099,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1946, 0x194f,
-	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
-	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
-	0x1bb0, 0x1bb9,
-	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c50, 0x1c59,
-	0xa620, 0xa629,
-	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa900, 0xa909,
-	0xa9d0, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9f0, 0xa9f9,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x11066, 0x1106f,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11136, 0x1113f,
-	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11450, 0x11459,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11730, 0x11739,
-	0x118e0, 0x118e9,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-}; /* CR_Digit */
-
-/* 'Graph': [[:Graph:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Graph[] = {
-	703,
-	0x0021, 0x007e,
-	0x00a1, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x088e,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x0898, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x200b, 0x2027,
-	0x202a, 0x202e,
-	0x2030, 0x205e,
-	0x2060, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3001, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab6b,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xe000, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b9,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
-	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
-}; /* CR_Graph */
-
-/* 'Lower': [[:Lower:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lower[] = {
-	664,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00df, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
-	0x0101, 0x0101,
-	0x0103, 0x0103,
-	0x0105, 0x0105,
-	0x0107, 0x0107,
-	0x0109, 0x0109,
-	0x010b, 0x010b,
-	0x010d, 0x010d,
-	0x010f, 0x010f,
-	0x0111, 0x0111,
-	0x0113, 0x0113,
-	0x0115, 0x0115,
-	0x0117, 0x0117,
-	0x0119, 0x0119,
-	0x011b, 0x011b,
-	0x011d, 0x011d,
-	0x011f, 0x011f,
-	0x0121, 0x0121,
-	0x0123, 0x0123,
-	0x0125, 0x0125,
-	0x0127, 0x0127,
-	0x0129, 0x0129,
-	0x012b, 0x012b,
-	0x012d, 0x012d,
-	0x012f, 0x012f,
-	0x0131, 0x0131,
-	0x0133, 0x0133,
-	0x0135, 0x0135,
-	0x0137, 0x0138,
-	0x013a, 0x013a,
-	0x013c, 0x013c,
-	0x013e, 0x013e,
-	0x0140, 0x0140,
-	0x0142, 0x0142,
-	0x0144, 0x0144,
-	0x0146, 0x0146,
-	0x0148, 0x0149,
-	0x014b, 0x014b,
-	0x014d, 0x014d,
-	0x014f, 0x014f,
-	0x0151, 0x0151,
-	0x0153, 0x0153,
-	0x0155, 0x0155,
-	0x0157, 0x0157,
-	0x0159, 0x0159,
-	0x015b, 0x015b,
-	0x015d, 0x015d,
-	0x015f, 0x015f,
-	0x0161, 0x0161,
-	0x0163, 0x0163,
-	0x0165, 0x0165,
-	0x0167, 0x0167,
-	0x0169, 0x0169,
-	0x016b, 0x016b,
-	0x016d, 0x016d,
-	0x016f, 0x016f,
-	0x0171, 0x0171,
-	0x0173, 0x0173,
-	0x0175, 0x0175,
-	0x0177, 0x0177,
-	0x017a, 0x017a,
-	0x017c, 0x017c,
-	0x017e, 0x0180,
-	0x0183, 0x0183,
-	0x0185, 0x0185,
-	0x0188, 0x0188,
-	0x018c, 0x018d,
-	0x0192, 0x0192,
-	0x0195, 0x0195,
-	0x0199, 0x019b,
-	0x019e, 0x019e,
-	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
-	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
-	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
-	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
-	0x01aa, 0x01ab,
-	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
-	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
-	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
-	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
-	0x01b9, 0x01ba,
-	0x01bd, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c6, 0x01c6,
-	0x01c9, 0x01c9,
-	0x01cc, 0x01cc,
-	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
-	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
-	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
-	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
-	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
-	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
-	0x01da, 0x01da,
-	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
-	0x01df, 0x01df,
-	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
-	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
-	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
-	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
-	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
-	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
-	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
-	0x01ef, 0x01f0,
-	0x01f3, 0x01f3,
-	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
-	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
-	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
-	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
-	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
-	0x0201, 0x0201,
-	0x0203, 0x0203,
-	0x0205, 0x0205,
-	0x0207, 0x0207,
-	0x0209, 0x0209,
-	0x020b, 0x020b,
-	0x020d, 0x020d,
-	0x020f, 0x020f,
-	0x0211, 0x0211,
-	0x0213, 0x0213,
-	0x0215, 0x0215,
-	0x0217, 0x0217,
-	0x0219, 0x0219,
-	0x021b, 0x021b,
-	0x021d, 0x021d,
-	0x021f, 0x021f,
-	0x0221, 0x0221,
-	0x0223, 0x0223,
-	0x0225, 0x0225,
-	0x0227, 0x0227,
-	0x0229, 0x0229,
-	0x022b, 0x022b,
-	0x022d, 0x022d,
-	0x022f, 0x022f,
-	0x0231, 0x0231,
-	0x0233, 0x0239,
-	0x023c, 0x023c,
-	0x023f, 0x0240,
-	0x0242, 0x0242,
-	0x0247, 0x0247,
-	0x0249, 0x0249,
-	0x024b, 0x024b,
-	0x024d, 0x024d,
-	0x024f, 0x0293,
-	0x0295, 0x02b8,
-	0x02c0, 0x02c1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0371, 0x0371,
-	0x0373, 0x0373,
-	0x0377, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x0390, 0x0390,
-	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
-	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
-	0x03db, 0x03db,
-	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
-	0x03df, 0x03df,
-	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
-	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
-	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
-	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
-	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
-	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
-	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
-	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
-	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
-	0x03fb, 0x03fc,
-	0x0430, 0x045f,
-	0x0461, 0x0461,
-	0x0463, 0x0463,
-	0x0465, 0x0465,
-	0x0467, 0x0467,
-	0x0469, 0x0469,
-	0x046b, 0x046b,
-	0x046d, 0x046d,
-	0x046f, 0x046f,
-	0x0471, 0x0471,
-	0x0473, 0x0473,
-	0x0475, 0x0475,
-	0x0477, 0x0477,
-	0x0479, 0x0479,
-	0x047b, 0x047b,
-	0x047d, 0x047d,
-	0x047f, 0x047f,
-	0x0481, 0x0481,
-	0x048b, 0x048b,
-	0x048d, 0x048d,
-	0x048f, 0x048f,
-	0x0491, 0x0491,
-	0x0493, 0x0493,
-	0x0495, 0x0495,
-	0x0497, 0x0497,
-	0x0499, 0x0499,
-	0x049b, 0x049b,
-	0x049d, 0x049d,
-	0x049f, 0x049f,
-	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
-	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
-	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
-	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
-	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
-	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
-	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
-	0x04af, 0x04af,
-	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
-	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
-	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
-	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
-	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
-	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
-	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
-	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
-	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
-	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
-	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
-	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
-	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
-	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
-	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
-	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
-	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
-	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
-	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
-	0x04db, 0x04db,
-	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
-	0x04df, 0x04df,
-	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
-	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
-	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
-	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
-	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
-	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
-	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
-	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
-	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
-	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
-	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
-	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
-	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
-	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
-	0x0501, 0x0501,
-	0x0503, 0x0503,
-	0x0505, 0x0505,
-	0x0507, 0x0507,
-	0x0509, 0x0509,
-	0x050b, 0x050b,
-	0x050d, 0x050d,
-	0x050f, 0x050f,
-	0x0511, 0x0511,
-	0x0513, 0x0513,
-	0x0515, 0x0515,
-	0x0517, 0x0517,
-	0x0519, 0x0519,
-	0x051b, 0x051b,
-	0x051d, 0x051d,
-	0x051f, 0x051f,
-	0x0521, 0x0521,
-	0x0523, 0x0523,
-	0x0525, 0x0525,
-	0x0527, 0x0527,
-	0x0529, 0x0529,
-	0x052b, 0x052b,
-	0x052d, 0x052d,
-	0x052f, 0x052f,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
-	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
-	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
-	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
-	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
-	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
-	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
-	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
-	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
-	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
-	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
-	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
-	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
-	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
-	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
-	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
-	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
-	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
-	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
-	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
-	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
-	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
-	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
-	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
-	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
-	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
-	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
-	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
-	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
-	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
-	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
-	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
-	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
-	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
-	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
-	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
-	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
-	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
-	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
-	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
-	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
-	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
-	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
-	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
-	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
-	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
-	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
-	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
-	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
-	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
-	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
-	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
-	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
-	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
-	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
-	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
-	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
-	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
-	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
-	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
-	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
-	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
-	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
-	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
-	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
-	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
-	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
-	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
-	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
-	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
-	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
-	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
-	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
-	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
-	0x1e95, 0x1e9d,
-	0x1e9f, 0x1e9f,
-	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
-	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
-	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
-	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
-	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
-	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
-	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
-	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
-	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
-	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
-	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
-	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
-	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
-	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
-	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
-	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
-	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
-	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
-	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
-	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
-	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
-	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
-	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
-	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
-	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
-	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
-	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
-	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
-	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
-	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
-	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
-	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
-	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
-	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
-	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
-	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
-	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
-	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
-	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
-	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
-	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
-	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
-	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
-	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
-	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
-	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
-	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
-	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
-	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
-	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
-	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1f87,
-	0x1f90, 0x1f97,
-	0x1fa0, 0x1fa7,
-	0x1fb0, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x210a, 0x210a,
-	0x210e, 0x210f,
-	0x2113, 0x2113,
-	0x212f, 0x212f,
-	0x2134, 0x2134,
-	0x2139, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213d,
-	0x2146, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2170, 0x217f,
-	0x2184, 0x2184,
-	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
-	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
-	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
-	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
-	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
-	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
-	0x2c71, 0x2c71,
-	0x2c73, 0x2c74,
-	0x2c76, 0x2c7d,
-	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
-	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
-	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
-	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
-	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
-	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
-	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
-	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
-	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
-	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
-	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
-	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
-	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
-	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
-	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
-	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
-	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
-	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
-	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
-	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
-	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
-	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
-	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
-	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
-	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
-	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
-	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
-	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
-	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
-	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
-	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
-	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
-	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
-	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
-	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
-	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
-	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
-	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
-	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
-	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
-	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
-	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
-	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
-	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
-	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
-	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
-	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
-	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
-	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
-	0x2ce3, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
-	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa641, 0xa641,
-	0xa643, 0xa643,
-	0xa645, 0xa645,
-	0xa647, 0xa647,
-	0xa649, 0xa649,
-	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
-	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
-	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
-	0xa651, 0xa651,
-	0xa653, 0xa653,
-	0xa655, 0xa655,
-	0xa657, 0xa657,
-	0xa659, 0xa659,
-	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
-	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
-	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
-	0xa661, 0xa661,
-	0xa663, 0xa663,
-	0xa665, 0xa665,
-	0xa667, 0xa667,
-	0xa669, 0xa669,
-	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
-	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
-	0xa681, 0xa681,
-	0xa683, 0xa683,
-	0xa685, 0xa685,
-	0xa687, 0xa687,
-	0xa689, 0xa689,
-	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
-	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
-	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
-	0xa691, 0xa691,
-	0xa693, 0xa693,
-	0xa695, 0xa695,
-	0xa697, 0xa697,
-	0xa699, 0xa699,
-	0xa69b, 0xa69d,
-	0xa723, 0xa723,
-	0xa725, 0xa725,
-	0xa727, 0xa727,
-	0xa729, 0xa729,
-	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
-	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
-	0xa72f, 0xa731,
-	0xa733, 0xa733,
-	0xa735, 0xa735,
-	0xa737, 0xa737,
-	0xa739, 0xa739,
-	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
-	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
-	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
-	0xa741, 0xa741,
-	0xa743, 0xa743,
-	0xa745, 0xa745,
-	0xa747, 0xa747,
-	0xa749, 0xa749,
-	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
-	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
-	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
-	0xa751, 0xa751,
-	0xa753, 0xa753,
-	0xa755, 0xa755,
-	0xa757, 0xa757,
-	0xa759, 0xa759,
-	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
-	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
-	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
-	0xa761, 0xa761,
-	0xa763, 0xa763,
-	0xa765, 0xa765,
-	0xa767, 0xa767,
-	0xa769, 0xa769,
-	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
-	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
-	0xa76f, 0xa778,
-	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
-	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
-	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
-	0xa781, 0xa781,
-	0xa783, 0xa783,
-	0xa785, 0xa785,
-	0xa787, 0xa787,
-	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
-	0xa78e, 0xa78e,
-	0xa791, 0xa791,
-	0xa793, 0xa795,
-	0xa797, 0xa797,
-	0xa799, 0xa799,
-	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
-	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
-	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
-	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
-	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
-	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
-	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
-	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
-	0xa7af, 0xa7af,
-	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
-	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
-	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
-	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
-	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
-	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
-	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
-	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d5,
-	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
-	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa7fa,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab68,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10428, 0x1044f,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118c0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1d41a, 0x1d433,
-	0x1d44e, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d467,
-	0x1d482, 0x1d49b,
-	0x1d4b6, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d4cf,
-	0x1d4ea, 0x1d503,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d537,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d56b,
-	0x1d586, 0x1d59f,
-	0x1d5ba, 0x1d5d3,
-	0x1d5ee, 0x1d607,
-	0x1d622, 0x1d63b,
-	0x1d656, 0x1d66f,
-	0x1d68a, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6e1,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d71b,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d755,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d78f,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7c9,
-	0x1d7cb, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
-	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
-}; /* CR_Lower */
-
-/* 'Print': [[:Print:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Print[] = {
-	700,
-	0x0020, 0x007e,
-	0x00a0, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x088e,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x0898, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2027,
-	0x202a, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab6b,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xe000, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b9,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
-	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
-}; /* CR_Print */
-
-/* 'XPosixPunct': [[:Punct:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_XPosixPunct[] = {
-	184,
-	0x0021, 0x002f,
-	0x003a, 0x0040,
-	0x005b, 0x0060,
-	0x007b, 0x007e,
-	0x00a1, 0x00a1,
-	0x00a7, 0x00a7,
-	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
-	0x00b6, 0x00b7,
-	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
-	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x055a, 0x055f,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x05be, 0x05be,
-	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
-	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
-	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
-	0x05f3, 0x05f4,
-	0x0609, 0x060a,
-	0x060c, 0x060d,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061d, 0x061f,
-	0x066a, 0x066d,
-	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x07f7, 0x07f9,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0964, 0x0965,
-	0x0970, 0x0970,
-	0x09fd, 0x09fd,
-	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
-	0x0af0, 0x0af0,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c77,
-	0x0c84, 0x0c84,
-	0x0df4, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e4f, 0x0e4f,
-	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0f04, 0x0f12,
-	0x0f14, 0x0f14,
-	0x0f3a, 0x0f3d,
-	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
-	0x0fd0, 0x0fd4,
-	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
-	0x104a, 0x104f,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1360, 0x1368,
-	0x1400, 0x1400,
-	0x166e, 0x166e,
-	0x169b, 0x169c,
-	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
-	0x1735, 0x1736,
-	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
-	0x17d8, 0x17da,
-	0x1800, 0x180a,
-	0x1944, 0x1945,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aa6,
-	0x1aa8, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b5a, 0x1b60,
-	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
-	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
-	0x2010, 0x2027,
-	0x2030, 0x2043,
-	0x2045, 0x2051,
-	0x2053, 0x205e,
-	0x207d, 0x207e,
-	0x208d, 0x208e,
-	0x2308, 0x230b,
-	0x2329, 0x232a,
-	0x2768, 0x2775,
-	0x27c5, 0x27c6,
-	0x27e6, 0x27ef,
-	0x2983, 0x2998,
-	0x29d8, 0x29db,
-	0x29fc, 0x29fd,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2cfc,
-	0x2cfe, 0x2cff,
-	0x2d70, 0x2d70,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e2e,
-	0x2e30, 0x2e4f,
-	0x2e52, 0x2e5d,
-	0x3001, 0x3003,
-	0x3008, 0x3011,
-	0x3014, 0x301f,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0x303d, 0x303d,
-	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
-	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
-	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
-	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
-	0xa673, 0xa673,
-	0xa67e, 0xa67e,
-	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa874, 0xa877,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
-	0xa8f8, 0xa8fa,
-	0xa8fc, 0xa8fc,
-	0xa92e, 0xa92f,
-	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
-	0xa9c1, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
-	0xaade, 0xaadf,
-	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
-	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
-	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe61,
-	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
-	0xfe6a, 0xfe6b,
-	0xff01, 0xff03,
-	0xff05, 0xff0a,
-	0xff0c, 0xff0f,
-	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
-	0xff1f, 0xff20,
-	0xff3b, 0xff3d,
-	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
-	0xff5b, 0xff5b,
-	0xff5d, 0xff5d,
-	0xff5f, 0xff65,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
-	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10857, 0x10857,
-	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a7f, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10af0, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
-	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
-	0x11047, 0x1104d,
-	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
-	0x110be, 0x110c1,
-	0x11140, 0x11143,
-	0x11174, 0x11175,
-	0x111c5, 0x111c8,
-	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
-	0x111db, 0x111db,
-	0x111dd, 0x111df,
-	0x11238, 0x1123d,
-	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
-	0x1144b, 0x1144f,
-	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
-	0x114c6, 0x114c6,
-	0x115c1, 0x115d7,
-	0x11641, 0x11643,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x116b9, 0x116b9,
-	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
-	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
-	0x11944, 0x11946,
-	0x119e2, 0x119e2,
-	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
-	0x11a9a, 0x11a9c,
-	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11c41, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c71,
-	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12ff1, 0x12ff2,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b37, 0x16b3b,
-	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
-	0x16e97, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16fe2, 0x16fe2,
-	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
-	0x1da87, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-}; /* CR_XPosixPunct */
-
-/* 'Space': [[:Space:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Space[] = {
-	10,
-	0x0009, 0x000d,
-	0x0020, 0x0020,
-	0x0085, 0x0085,
-	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
-	0x1680, 0x1680,
-	0x2000, 0x200a,
-	0x2028, 0x2029,
-	0x202f, 0x202f,
-	0x205f, 0x205f,
-	0x3000, 0x3000,
-}; /* CR_Space */
-
-/* 'Upper': [[:Upper:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Upper[] = {
-	651,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00de,
-	0x0100, 0x0100,
-	0x0102, 0x0102,
-	0x0104, 0x0104,
-	0x0106, 0x0106,
-	0x0108, 0x0108,
-	0x010a, 0x010a,
-	0x010c, 0x010c,
-	0x010e, 0x010e,
-	0x0110, 0x0110,
-	0x0112, 0x0112,
-	0x0114, 0x0114,
-	0x0116, 0x0116,
-	0x0118, 0x0118,
-	0x011a, 0x011a,
-	0x011c, 0x011c,
-	0x011e, 0x011e,
-	0x0120, 0x0120,
-	0x0122, 0x0122,
-	0x0124, 0x0124,
-	0x0126, 0x0126,
-	0x0128, 0x0128,
-	0x012a, 0x012a,
-	0x012c, 0x012c,
-	0x012e, 0x012e,
-	0x0130, 0x0130,
-	0x0132, 0x0132,
-	0x0134, 0x0134,
-	0x0136, 0x0136,
-	0x0139, 0x0139,
-	0x013b, 0x013b,
-	0x013d, 0x013d,
-	0x013f, 0x013f,
-	0x0141, 0x0141,
-	0x0143, 0x0143,
-	0x0145, 0x0145,
-	0x0147, 0x0147,
-	0x014a, 0x014a,
-	0x014c, 0x014c,
-	0x014e, 0x014e,
-	0x0150, 0x0150,
-	0x0152, 0x0152,
-	0x0154, 0x0154,
-	0x0156, 0x0156,
-	0x0158, 0x0158,
-	0x015a, 0x015a,
-	0x015c, 0x015c,
-	0x015e, 0x015e,
-	0x0160, 0x0160,
-	0x0162, 0x0162,
-	0x0164, 0x0164,
-	0x0166, 0x0166,
-	0x0168, 0x0168,
-	0x016a, 0x016a,
-	0x016c, 0x016c,
-	0x016e, 0x016e,
-	0x0170, 0x0170,
-	0x0172, 0x0172,
-	0x0174, 0x0174,
-	0x0176, 0x0176,
-	0x0178, 0x0179,
-	0x017b, 0x017b,
-	0x017d, 0x017d,
-	0x0181, 0x0182,
-	0x0184, 0x0184,
-	0x0186, 0x0187,
-	0x0189, 0x018b,
-	0x018e, 0x0191,
-	0x0193, 0x0194,
-	0x0196, 0x0198,
-	0x019c, 0x019d,
-	0x019f, 0x01a0,
-	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
-	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
-	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
-	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
-	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
-	0x01ae, 0x01af,
-	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
-	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
-	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
-	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
-	0x01c4, 0x01c4,
-	0x01c7, 0x01c7,
-	0x01ca, 0x01ca,
-	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
-	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
-	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
-	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
-	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
-	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
-	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
-	0x01db, 0x01db,
-	0x01de, 0x01de,
-	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
-	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
-	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
-	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
-	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
-	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
-	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
-	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
-	0x01f1, 0x01f1,
-	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
-	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
-	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
-	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
-	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
-	0x0200, 0x0200,
-	0x0202, 0x0202,
-	0x0204, 0x0204,
-	0x0206, 0x0206,
-	0x0208, 0x0208,
-	0x020a, 0x020a,
-	0x020c, 0x020c,
-	0x020e, 0x020e,
-	0x0210, 0x0210,
-	0x0212, 0x0212,
-	0x0214, 0x0214,
-	0x0216, 0x0216,
-	0x0218, 0x0218,
-	0x021a, 0x021a,
-	0x021c, 0x021c,
-	0x021e, 0x021e,
-	0x0220, 0x0220,
-	0x0222, 0x0222,
-	0x0224, 0x0224,
-	0x0226, 0x0226,
-	0x0228, 0x0228,
-	0x022a, 0x022a,
-	0x022c, 0x022c,
-	0x022e, 0x022e,
-	0x0230, 0x0230,
-	0x0232, 0x0232,
-	0x023a, 0x023b,
-	0x023d, 0x023e,
-	0x0241, 0x0241,
-	0x0243, 0x0246,
-	0x0248, 0x0248,
-	0x024a, 0x024a,
-	0x024c, 0x024c,
-	0x024e, 0x024e,
-	0x0370, 0x0370,
-	0x0372, 0x0372,
-	0x0376, 0x0376,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x038f,
-	0x0391, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
-	0x03cf, 0x03cf,
-	0x03d2, 0x03d4,
-	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
-	0x03da, 0x03da,
-	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
-	0x03de, 0x03de,
-	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
-	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
-	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
-	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
-	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
-	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
-	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
-	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
-	0x03f4, 0x03f4,
-	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
-	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
-	0x03fd, 0x042f,
-	0x0460, 0x0460,
-	0x0462, 0x0462,
-	0x0464, 0x0464,
-	0x0466, 0x0466,
-	0x0468, 0x0468,
-	0x046a, 0x046a,
-	0x046c, 0x046c,
-	0x046e, 0x046e,
-	0x0470, 0x0470,
-	0x0472, 0x0472,
-	0x0474, 0x0474,
-	0x0476, 0x0476,
-	0x0478, 0x0478,
-	0x047a, 0x047a,
-	0x047c, 0x047c,
-	0x047e, 0x047e,
-	0x0480, 0x0480,
-	0x048a, 0x048a,
-	0x048c, 0x048c,
-	0x048e, 0x048e,
-	0x0490, 0x0490,
-	0x0492, 0x0492,
-	0x0494, 0x0494,
-	0x0496, 0x0496,
-	0x0498, 0x0498,
-	0x049a, 0x049a,
-	0x049c, 0x049c,
-	0x049e, 0x049e,
-	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
-	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
-	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
-	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
-	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
-	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
-	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
-	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
-	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
-	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
-	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
-	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
-	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
-	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
-	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
-	0x04be, 0x04be,
-	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
-	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
-	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
-	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
-	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
-	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
-	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
-	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
-	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
-	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
-	0x04da, 0x04da,
-	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
-	0x04de, 0x04de,
-	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
-	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
-	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
-	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
-	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
-	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
-	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
-	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
-	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
-	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
-	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
-	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
-	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
-	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
-	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
-	0x0500, 0x0500,
-	0x0502, 0x0502,
-	0x0504, 0x0504,
-	0x0506, 0x0506,
-	0x0508, 0x0508,
-	0x050a, 0x050a,
-	0x050c, 0x050c,
-	0x050e, 0x050e,
-	0x0510, 0x0510,
-	0x0512, 0x0512,
-	0x0514, 0x0514,
-	0x0516, 0x0516,
-	0x0518, 0x0518,
-	0x051a, 0x051a,
-	0x051c, 0x051c,
-	0x051e, 0x051e,
-	0x0520, 0x0520,
-	0x0522, 0x0522,
-	0x0524, 0x0524,
-	0x0526, 0x0526,
-	0x0528, 0x0528,
-	0x052a, 0x052a,
-	0x052c, 0x052c,
-	0x052e, 0x052e,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
-	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
-	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
-	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
-	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
-	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
-	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
-	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
-	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
-	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
-	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
-	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
-	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
-	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
-	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
-	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
-	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
-	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
-	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
-	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
-	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
-	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
-	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
-	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
-	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
-	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
-	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
-	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
-	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
-	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
-	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
-	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
-	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
-	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
-	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
-	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
-	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
-	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
-	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
-	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
-	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
-	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
-	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
-	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
-	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
-	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
-	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
-	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
-	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
-	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
-	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
-	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
-	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
-	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
-	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
-	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
-	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
-	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
-	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
-	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
-	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
-	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
-	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
-	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
-	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
-	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
-	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
-	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
-	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
-	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
-	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
-	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
-	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
-	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
-	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
-	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
-	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
-	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
-	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
-	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
-	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
-	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
-	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
-	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
-	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
-	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
-	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
-	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
-	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
-	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
-	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
-	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
-	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
-	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
-	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
-	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
-	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
-	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
-	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
-	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
-	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
-	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
-	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
-	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
-	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
-	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
-	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
-	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
-	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
-	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
-	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
-	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
-	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
-	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
-	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
-	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
-	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
-	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
-	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
-	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
-	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
-	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
-	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
-	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
-	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
-	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
-	0x1fb8, 0x1fbb,
-	0x1fc8, 0x1fcb,
-	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff8, 0x1ffb,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210b, 0x210d,
-	0x2110, 0x2112,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x2130, 0x2133,
-	0x213e, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2145,
-	0x2160, 0x216f,
-	0x2183, 0x2183,
-	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
-	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
-	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
-	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
-	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
-	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
-	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
-	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
-	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
-	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
-	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
-	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
-	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
-	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
-	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
-	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
-	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
-	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
-	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
-	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
-	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
-	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
-	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
-	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
-	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
-	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
-	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
-	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
-	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
-	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
-	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
-	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
-	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
-	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
-	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
-	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
-	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
-	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
-	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
-	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
-	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
-	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
-	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
-	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
-	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
-	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
-	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
-	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
-	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
-	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
-	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
-	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
-	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
-	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
-	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
-	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
-	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
-	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
-	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
-	0xa640, 0xa640,
-	0xa642, 0xa642,
-	0xa644, 0xa644,
-	0xa646, 0xa646,
-	0xa648, 0xa648,
-	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
-	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
-	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
-	0xa650, 0xa650,
-	0xa652, 0xa652,
-	0xa654, 0xa654,
-	0xa656, 0xa656,
-	0xa658, 0xa658,
-	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
-	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
-	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
-	0xa660, 0xa660,
-	0xa662, 0xa662,
-	0xa664, 0xa664,
-	0xa666, 0xa666,
-	0xa668, 0xa668,
-	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
-	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
-	0xa680, 0xa680,
-	0xa682, 0xa682,
-	0xa684, 0xa684,
-	0xa686, 0xa686,
-	0xa688, 0xa688,
-	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
-	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
-	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
-	0xa690, 0xa690,
-	0xa692, 0xa692,
-	0xa694, 0xa694,
-	0xa696, 0xa696,
-	0xa698, 0xa698,
-	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
-	0xa722, 0xa722,
-	0xa724, 0xa724,
-	0xa726, 0xa726,
-	0xa728, 0xa728,
-	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
-	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
-	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
-	0xa732, 0xa732,
-	0xa734, 0xa734,
-	0xa736, 0xa736,
-	0xa738, 0xa738,
-	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
-	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
-	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
-	0xa740, 0xa740,
-	0xa742, 0xa742,
-	0xa744, 0xa744,
-	0xa746, 0xa746,
-	0xa748, 0xa748,
-	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
-	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
-	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
-	0xa750, 0xa750,
-	0xa752, 0xa752,
-	0xa754, 0xa754,
-	0xa756, 0xa756,
-	0xa758, 0xa758,
-	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
-	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
-	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
-	0xa760, 0xa760,
-	0xa762, 0xa762,
-	0xa764, 0xa764,
-	0xa766, 0xa766,
-	0xa768, 0xa768,
-	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
-	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
-	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
-	0xa779, 0xa779,
-	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
-	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
-	0xa780, 0xa780,
-	0xa782, 0xa782,
-	0xa784, 0xa784,
-	0xa786, 0xa786,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
-	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
-	0xa790, 0xa790,
-	0xa792, 0xa792,
-	0xa796, 0xa796,
-	0xa798, 0xa798,
-	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
-	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
-	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
-	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
-	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
-	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
-	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
-	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
-	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
-	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
-	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
-	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
-	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
-	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
-	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
-	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
-	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
-	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0x10400, 0x10427,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d419,
-	0x1d434, 0x1d44d,
-	0x1d468, 0x1d481,
-	0x1d49c, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b5,
-	0x1d4d0, 0x1d4e9,
-	0x1d504, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d538, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d56c, 0x1d585,
-	0x1d5a0, 0x1d5b9,
-	0x1d5d4, 0x1d5ed,
-	0x1d608, 0x1d621,
-	0x1d63c, 0x1d655,
-	0x1d670, 0x1d689,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6e2, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d71c, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d756, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d790, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7ca, 0x1d7ca,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-}; /* CR_Upper */
-
-/* 'XDigit': [[:XDigit:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_XDigit[] = {
-	3,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0041, 0x0046,
-	0x0061, 0x0066,
-}; /* CR_XDigit */
-
-/* 'Word': [[:Word:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Word[] = {
-	758,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x005f, 0x005f,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0300, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x0483, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x0620, 0x0669,
-	0x066e, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x0898, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0963,
-	0x0966, 0x096f,
-	0x0971, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x1000, 0x1049,
-	0x1050, 0x109d,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1734,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17d3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1946, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x203f, 0x2040,
-	0x2054, 0x2054,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x302f,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa672,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa67f, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa827,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa92d,
-	0xa930, 0xa953,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9c0,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabea,
-	0xabec, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
-	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f85,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x11046,
-	0x11066, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x1113f,
-	0x11144, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11173,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111c4,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111ce, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1144a,
-	0x11450, 0x11459,
-	0x1145e, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
-	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11640,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11680, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11739,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183a,
-	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11943,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a99,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b36,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Word */
-
-/* 'Alnum': [[:Alnum:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Alnum[] = {
-	760,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0370, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x05b0, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x0620, 0x0657,
-	0x0659, 0x0669,
-	0x066e, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
-	0x06e1, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ed, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x073f,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07ea,
-	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x0817,
-	0x081a, 0x082c,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
-	0x08d4, 0x08df,
-	0x08e3, 0x08e9,
-	0x08f0, 0x093b,
-	0x093d, 0x094c,
-	0x094e, 0x0950,
-	0x0955, 0x0963,
-	0x0966, 0x096f,
-	0x0971, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4c,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af9, 0x0afc,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4c,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccc,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
-	0x0e4d, 0x0e4d,
-	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ecd, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
-	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f81,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x1000, 0x1036,
-	0x1038, 0x1038,
-	0x103b, 0x1049,
-	0x1050, 0x109d,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1713,
-	0x171f, 0x1733,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17b6, 0x17c8,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x1938,
-	0x1946, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a61, 0x1a74,
-	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1abf, 0x1ac0,
-	0x1acc, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b35, 0x1b43,
-	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
-	0x1b80, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bac, 0x1be5,
-	0x1be7, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c36,
-	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1de7, 0x1df4,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66e,
-	0xa674, 0xa67b,
-	0xa67f, 0xa6ef,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa827,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c3,
-	0xa8c5, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa92a,
-	0xa930, 0xa952,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9b4, 0xa9bf,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaabe,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf5,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabea,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x11045,
-	0x11066, 0x1106f,
-	0x11071, 0x11075,
-	0x11082, 0x110b8,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11132,
-	0x11136, 0x1113f,
-	0x11144, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111bf,
-	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
-	0x111ce, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x11234,
-	0x11237, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112e8,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134c,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11400, 0x11441,
-	0x11443, 0x11445,
-	0x11447, 0x1144a,
-	0x11450, 0x11459,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c1,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115be,
-	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x1163e,
-	0x11640, 0x11640,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11680, 0x116b5,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172a,
-	0x11730, 0x11739,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x11838,
-	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x1193f, 0x11942,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119df,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a35, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a97,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d41,
-	0x11d43, 0x11d43,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d96,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9e, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1e947, 0x1e947,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Alnum */
-
-/* 'ASCII': [[:ASCII:]] */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_ASCII[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0000, 0x007f,
-}; /* CR_ASCII */
-
-/* 'Punct' */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Punct[] = {
-	189,
-	0x0021, 0x0023,
-	0x0025, 0x002a,
-	0x002c, 0x002f,
-	0x003a, 0x003b,
-	0x003f, 0x0040,
-	0x005b, 0x005d,
-	0x005f, 0x005f,
-	0x007b, 0x007b,
-	0x007d, 0x007d,
-	0x00a1, 0x00a1,
-	0x00a7, 0x00a7,
-	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
-	0x00b6, 0x00b7,
-	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
-	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x055a, 0x055f,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x05be, 0x05be,
-	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
-	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
-	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
-	0x05f3, 0x05f4,
-	0x0609, 0x060a,
-	0x060c, 0x060d,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061d, 0x061f,
-	0x066a, 0x066d,
-	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x07f7, 0x07f9,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0964, 0x0965,
-	0x0970, 0x0970,
-	0x09fd, 0x09fd,
-	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
-	0x0af0, 0x0af0,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c77,
-	0x0c84, 0x0c84,
-	0x0df4, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e4f, 0x0e4f,
-	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0f04, 0x0f12,
-	0x0f14, 0x0f14,
-	0x0f3a, 0x0f3d,
-	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
-	0x0fd0, 0x0fd4,
-	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
-	0x104a, 0x104f,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1360, 0x1368,
-	0x1400, 0x1400,
-	0x166e, 0x166e,
-	0x169b, 0x169c,
-	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
-	0x1735, 0x1736,
-	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
-	0x17d8, 0x17da,
-	0x1800, 0x180a,
-	0x1944, 0x1945,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aa6,
-	0x1aa8, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b5a, 0x1b60,
-	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
-	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
-	0x2010, 0x2027,
-	0x2030, 0x2043,
-	0x2045, 0x2051,
-	0x2053, 0x205e,
-	0x207d, 0x207e,
-	0x208d, 0x208e,
-	0x2308, 0x230b,
-	0x2329, 0x232a,
-	0x2768, 0x2775,
-	0x27c5, 0x27c6,
-	0x27e6, 0x27ef,
-	0x2983, 0x2998,
-	0x29d8, 0x29db,
-	0x29fc, 0x29fd,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2cfc,
-	0x2cfe, 0x2cff,
-	0x2d70, 0x2d70,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e2e,
-	0x2e30, 0x2e4f,
-	0x2e52, 0x2e5d,
-	0x3001, 0x3003,
-	0x3008, 0x3011,
-	0x3014, 0x301f,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0x303d, 0x303d,
-	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
-	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
-	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
-	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
-	0xa673, 0xa673,
-	0xa67e, 0xa67e,
-	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa874, 0xa877,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
-	0xa8f8, 0xa8fa,
-	0xa8fc, 0xa8fc,
-	0xa92e, 0xa92f,
-	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
-	0xa9c1, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
-	0xaade, 0xaadf,
-	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
-	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
-	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe61,
-	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
-	0xfe6a, 0xfe6b,
-	0xff01, 0xff03,
-	0xff05, 0xff0a,
-	0xff0c, 0xff0f,
-	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
-	0xff1f, 0xff20,
-	0xff3b, 0xff3d,
-	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
-	0xff5b, 0xff5b,
-	0xff5d, 0xff5d,
-	0xff5f, 0xff65,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
-	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10857, 0x10857,
-	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a7f, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10af0, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
-	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
-	0x11047, 0x1104d,
-	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
-	0x110be, 0x110c1,
-	0x11140, 0x11143,
-	0x11174, 0x11175,
-	0x111c5, 0x111c8,
-	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
-	0x111db, 0x111db,
-	0x111dd, 0x111df,
-	0x11238, 0x1123d,
-	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
-	0x1144b, 0x1144f,
-	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
-	0x114c6, 0x114c6,
-	0x115c1, 0x115d7,
-	0x11641, 0x11643,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x116b9, 0x116b9,
-	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
-	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
-	0x11944, 0x11946,
-	0x119e2, 0x119e2,
-	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
-	0x11a9a, 0x11a9c,
-	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11c41, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c71,
-	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12ff1, 0x12ff2,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b37, 0x16b3b,
-	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
-	0x16e97, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16fe2, 0x16fe2,
-	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
-	0x1da87, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-}; /* CR_Punct */
-
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-/* 'Any': - */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Any[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0000, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Any */
-
-/* 'Assigned': - */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Assigned[] = {
-	698,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x088e,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x0898, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab6b,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b9,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
-	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
-}; /* CR_Assigned */
-
-/* 'C': Major Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_C[] = {
-	701,
-	0x0000, 0x001f,
-	0x007f, 0x009f,
-	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
-	0x0378, 0x0379,
-	0x0380, 0x0383,
-	0x038b, 0x038b,
-	0x038d, 0x038d,
-	0x03a2, 0x03a2,
-	0x0530, 0x0530,
-	0x0557, 0x0558,
-	0x058b, 0x058c,
-	0x0590, 0x0590,
-	0x05c8, 0x05cf,
-	0x05eb, 0x05ee,
-	0x05f5, 0x0605,
-	0x061c, 0x061c,
-	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
-	0x070e, 0x070f,
-	0x074b, 0x074c,
-	0x07b2, 0x07bf,
-	0x07fb, 0x07fc,
-	0x082e, 0x082f,
-	0x083f, 0x083f,
-	0x085c, 0x085d,
-	0x085f, 0x085f,
-	0x086b, 0x086f,
-	0x088f, 0x0897,
-	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
-	0x0984, 0x0984,
-	0x098d, 0x098e,
-	0x0991, 0x0992,
-	0x09a9, 0x09a9,
-	0x09b1, 0x09b1,
-	0x09b3, 0x09b5,
-	0x09ba, 0x09bb,
-	0x09c5, 0x09c6,
-	0x09c9, 0x09ca,
-	0x09cf, 0x09d6,
-	0x09d8, 0x09db,
-	0x09de, 0x09de,
-	0x09e4, 0x09e5,
-	0x09ff, 0x0a00,
-	0x0a04, 0x0a04,
-	0x0a0b, 0x0a0e,
-	0x0a11, 0x0a12,
-	0x0a29, 0x0a29,
-	0x0a31, 0x0a31,
-	0x0a34, 0x0a34,
-	0x0a37, 0x0a37,
-	0x0a3a, 0x0a3b,
-	0x0a3d, 0x0a3d,
-	0x0a43, 0x0a46,
-	0x0a49, 0x0a4a,
-	0x0a4e, 0x0a50,
-	0x0a52, 0x0a58,
-	0x0a5d, 0x0a5d,
-	0x0a5f, 0x0a65,
-	0x0a77, 0x0a80,
-	0x0a84, 0x0a84,
-	0x0a8e, 0x0a8e,
-	0x0a92, 0x0a92,
-	0x0aa9, 0x0aa9,
-	0x0ab1, 0x0ab1,
-	0x0ab4, 0x0ab4,
-	0x0aba, 0x0abb,
-	0x0ac6, 0x0ac6,
-	0x0aca, 0x0aca,
-	0x0ace, 0x0acf,
-	0x0ad1, 0x0adf,
-	0x0ae4, 0x0ae5,
-	0x0af2, 0x0af8,
-	0x0b00, 0x0b00,
-	0x0b04, 0x0b04,
-	0x0b0d, 0x0b0e,
-	0x0b11, 0x0b12,
-	0x0b29, 0x0b29,
-	0x0b31, 0x0b31,
-	0x0b34, 0x0b34,
-	0x0b3a, 0x0b3b,
-	0x0b45, 0x0b46,
-	0x0b49, 0x0b4a,
-	0x0b4e, 0x0b54,
-	0x0b58, 0x0b5b,
-	0x0b5e, 0x0b5e,
-	0x0b64, 0x0b65,
-	0x0b78, 0x0b81,
-	0x0b84, 0x0b84,
-	0x0b8b, 0x0b8d,
-	0x0b91, 0x0b91,
-	0x0b96, 0x0b98,
-	0x0b9b, 0x0b9b,
-	0x0b9d, 0x0b9d,
-	0x0ba0, 0x0ba2,
-	0x0ba5, 0x0ba7,
-	0x0bab, 0x0bad,
-	0x0bba, 0x0bbd,
-	0x0bc3, 0x0bc5,
-	0x0bc9, 0x0bc9,
-	0x0bce, 0x0bcf,
-	0x0bd1, 0x0bd6,
-	0x0bd8, 0x0be5,
-	0x0bfb, 0x0bff,
-	0x0c0d, 0x0c0d,
-	0x0c11, 0x0c11,
-	0x0c29, 0x0c29,
-	0x0c3a, 0x0c3b,
-	0x0c45, 0x0c45,
-	0x0c49, 0x0c49,
-	0x0c4e, 0x0c54,
-	0x0c57, 0x0c57,
-	0x0c5b, 0x0c5c,
-	0x0c5e, 0x0c5f,
-	0x0c64, 0x0c65,
-	0x0c70, 0x0c76,
-	0x0c8d, 0x0c8d,
-	0x0c91, 0x0c91,
-	0x0ca9, 0x0ca9,
-	0x0cb4, 0x0cb4,
-	0x0cba, 0x0cbb,
-	0x0cc5, 0x0cc5,
-	0x0cc9, 0x0cc9,
-	0x0cce, 0x0cd4,
-	0x0cd7, 0x0cdc,
-	0x0cdf, 0x0cdf,
-	0x0ce4, 0x0ce5,
-	0x0cf0, 0x0cf0,
-	0x0cf3, 0x0cff,
-	0x0d0d, 0x0d0d,
-	0x0d11, 0x0d11,
-	0x0d45, 0x0d45,
-	0x0d49, 0x0d49,
-	0x0d50, 0x0d53,
-	0x0d64, 0x0d65,
-	0x0d80, 0x0d80,
-	0x0d84, 0x0d84,
-	0x0d97, 0x0d99,
-	0x0db2, 0x0db2,
-	0x0dbc, 0x0dbc,
-	0x0dbe, 0x0dbf,
-	0x0dc7, 0x0dc9,
-	0x0dcb, 0x0dce,
-	0x0dd5, 0x0dd5,
-	0x0dd7, 0x0dd7,
-	0x0de0, 0x0de5,
-	0x0df0, 0x0df1,
-	0x0df5, 0x0e00,
-	0x0e3b, 0x0e3e,
-	0x0e5c, 0x0e80,
-	0x0e83, 0x0e83,
-	0x0e85, 0x0e85,
-	0x0e8b, 0x0e8b,
-	0x0ea4, 0x0ea4,
-	0x0ea6, 0x0ea6,
-	0x0ebe, 0x0ebf,
-	0x0ec5, 0x0ec5,
-	0x0ec7, 0x0ec7,
-	0x0ece, 0x0ecf,
-	0x0eda, 0x0edb,
-	0x0ee0, 0x0eff,
-	0x0f48, 0x0f48,
-	0x0f6d, 0x0f70,
-	0x0f98, 0x0f98,
-	0x0fbd, 0x0fbd,
-	0x0fcd, 0x0fcd,
-	0x0fdb, 0x0fff,
-	0x10c6, 0x10c6,
-	0x10c8, 0x10cc,
-	0x10ce, 0x10cf,
-	0x1249, 0x1249,
-	0x124e, 0x124f,
-	0x1257, 0x1257,
-	0x1259, 0x1259,
-	0x125e, 0x125f,
-	0x1289, 0x1289,
-	0x128e, 0x128f,
-	0x12b1, 0x12b1,
-	0x12b6, 0x12b7,
-	0x12bf, 0x12bf,
-	0x12c1, 0x12c1,
-	0x12c6, 0x12c7,
-	0x12d7, 0x12d7,
-	0x1311, 0x1311,
-	0x1316, 0x1317,
-	0x135b, 0x135c,
-	0x137d, 0x137f,
-	0x139a, 0x139f,
-	0x13f6, 0x13f7,
-	0x13fe, 0x13ff,
-	0x169d, 0x169f,
-	0x16f9, 0x16ff,
-	0x1716, 0x171e,
-	0x1737, 0x173f,
-	0x1754, 0x175f,
-	0x176d, 0x176d,
-	0x1771, 0x1771,
-	0x1774, 0x177f,
-	0x17de, 0x17df,
-	0x17ea, 0x17ef,
-	0x17fa, 0x17ff,
-	0x180e, 0x180e,
-	0x181a, 0x181f,
-	0x1879, 0x187f,
-	0x18ab, 0x18af,
-	0x18f6, 0x18ff,
-	0x191f, 0x191f,
-	0x192c, 0x192f,
-	0x193c, 0x193f,
-	0x1941, 0x1943,
-	0x196e, 0x196f,
-	0x1975, 0x197f,
-	0x19ac, 0x19af,
-	0x19ca, 0x19cf,
-	0x19db, 0x19dd,
-	0x1a1c, 0x1a1d,
-	0x1a5f, 0x1a5f,
-	0x1a7d, 0x1a7e,
-	0x1a8a, 0x1a8f,
-	0x1a9a, 0x1a9f,
-	0x1aae, 0x1aaf,
-	0x1acf, 0x1aff,
-	0x1b4d, 0x1b4f,
-	0x1b7f, 0x1b7f,
-	0x1bf4, 0x1bfb,
-	0x1c38, 0x1c3a,
-	0x1c4a, 0x1c4c,
-	0x1c89, 0x1c8f,
-	0x1cbb, 0x1cbc,
-	0x1cc8, 0x1ccf,
-	0x1cfb, 0x1cff,
-	0x1f16, 0x1f17,
-	0x1f1e, 0x1f1f,
-	0x1f46, 0x1f47,
-	0x1f4e, 0x1f4f,
-	0x1f58, 0x1f58,
-	0x1f5a, 0x1f5a,
-	0x1f5c, 0x1f5c,
-	0x1f5e, 0x1f5e,
-	0x1f7e, 0x1f7f,
-	0x1fb5, 0x1fb5,
-	0x1fc5, 0x1fc5,
-	0x1fd4, 0x1fd5,
-	0x1fdc, 0x1fdc,
-	0x1ff0, 0x1ff1,
-	0x1ff5, 0x1ff5,
-	0x1fff, 0x1fff,
-	0x200b, 0x200f,
-	0x202a, 0x202e,
-	0x2060, 0x206f,
-	0x2072, 0x2073,
-	0x208f, 0x208f,
-	0x209d, 0x209f,
-	0x20c1, 0x20cf,
-	0x20f1, 0x20ff,
-	0x218c, 0x218f,
-	0x2427, 0x243f,
-	0x244b, 0x245f,
-	0x2b74, 0x2b75,
-	0x2b96, 0x2b96,
-	0x2cf4, 0x2cf8,
-	0x2d26, 0x2d26,
-	0x2d28, 0x2d2c,
-	0x2d2e, 0x2d2f,
-	0x2d68, 0x2d6e,
-	0x2d71, 0x2d7e,
-	0x2d97, 0x2d9f,
-	0x2da7, 0x2da7,
-	0x2daf, 0x2daf,
-	0x2db7, 0x2db7,
-	0x2dbf, 0x2dbf,
-	0x2dc7, 0x2dc7,
-	0x2dcf, 0x2dcf,
-	0x2dd7, 0x2dd7,
-	0x2ddf, 0x2ddf,
-	0x2e5e, 0x2e7f,
-	0x2e9a, 0x2e9a,
-	0x2ef4, 0x2eff,
-	0x2fd6, 0x2fef,
-	0x2ffc, 0x2fff,
-	0x3040, 0x3040,
-	0x3097, 0x3098,
-	0x3100, 0x3104,
-	0x3130, 0x3130,
-	0x318f, 0x318f,
-	0x31e4, 0x31ef,
-	0x321f, 0x321f,
-	0xa48d, 0xa48f,
-	0xa4c7, 0xa4cf,
-	0xa62c, 0xa63f,
-	0xa6f8, 0xa6ff,
-	0xa7cb, 0xa7cf,
-	0xa7d2, 0xa7d2,
-	0xa7d4, 0xa7d4,
-	0xa7da, 0xa7f1,
-	0xa82d, 0xa82f,
-	0xa83a, 0xa83f,
-	0xa878, 0xa87f,
-	0xa8c6, 0xa8cd,
-	0xa8da, 0xa8df,
-	0xa954, 0xa95e,
-	0xa97d, 0xa97f,
-	0xa9ce, 0xa9ce,
-	0xa9da, 0xa9dd,
-	0xa9ff, 0xa9ff,
-	0xaa37, 0xaa3f,
-	0xaa4e, 0xaa4f,
-	0xaa5a, 0xaa5b,
-	0xaac3, 0xaada,
-	0xaaf7, 0xab00,
-	0xab07, 0xab08,
-	0xab0f, 0xab10,
-	0xab17, 0xab1f,
-	0xab27, 0xab27,
-	0xab2f, 0xab2f,
-	0xab6c, 0xab6f,
-	0xabee, 0xabef,
-	0xabfa, 0xabff,
-	0xd7a4, 0xd7af,
-	0xd7c7, 0xd7ca,
-	0xd7fc, 0xf8ff,
-	0xfa6e, 0xfa6f,
-	0xfada, 0xfaff,
-	0xfb07, 0xfb12,
-	0xfb18, 0xfb1c,
-	0xfb37, 0xfb37,
-	0xfb3d, 0xfb3d,
-	0xfb3f, 0xfb3f,
-	0xfb42, 0xfb42,
-	0xfb45, 0xfb45,
-	0xfbc3, 0xfbd2,
-	0xfd90, 0xfd91,
-	0xfdc8, 0xfdce,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
-	0xfe1a, 0xfe1f,
-	0xfe53, 0xfe53,
-	0xfe67, 0xfe67,
-	0xfe6c, 0xfe6f,
-	0xfe75, 0xfe75,
-	0xfefd, 0xff00,
-	0xffbf, 0xffc1,
-	0xffc8, 0xffc9,
-	0xffd0, 0xffd1,
-	0xffd8, 0xffd9,
-	0xffdd, 0xffdf,
-	0xffe7, 0xffe7,
-	0xffef, 0xfffb,
-	0xfffe, 0xffff,
-	0x1000c, 0x1000c,
-	0x10027, 0x10027,
-	0x1003b, 0x1003b,
-	0x1003e, 0x1003e,
-	0x1004e, 0x1004f,
-	0x1005e, 0x1007f,
-	0x100fb, 0x100ff,
-	0x10103, 0x10106,
-	0x10134, 0x10136,
-	0x1018f, 0x1018f,
-	0x1019d, 0x1019f,
-	0x101a1, 0x101cf,
-	0x101fe, 0x1027f,
-	0x1029d, 0x1029f,
-	0x102d1, 0x102df,
-	0x102fc, 0x102ff,
-	0x10324, 0x1032c,
-	0x1034b, 0x1034f,
-	0x1037b, 0x1037f,
-	0x1039e, 0x1039e,
-	0x103c4, 0x103c7,
-	0x103d6, 0x103ff,
-	0x1049e, 0x1049f,
-	0x104aa, 0x104af,
-	0x104d4, 0x104d7,
-	0x104fc, 0x104ff,
-	0x10528, 0x1052f,
-	0x10564, 0x1056e,
-	0x1057b, 0x1057b,
-	0x1058b, 0x1058b,
-	0x10593, 0x10593,
-	0x10596, 0x10596,
-	0x105a2, 0x105a2,
-	0x105b2, 0x105b2,
-	0x105ba, 0x105ba,
-	0x105bd, 0x105ff,
-	0x10737, 0x1073f,
-	0x10756, 0x1075f,
-	0x10768, 0x1077f,
-	0x10786, 0x10786,
-	0x107b1, 0x107b1,
-	0x107bb, 0x107ff,
-	0x10806, 0x10807,
-	0x10809, 0x10809,
-	0x10836, 0x10836,
-	0x10839, 0x1083b,
-	0x1083d, 0x1083e,
-	0x10856, 0x10856,
-	0x1089f, 0x108a6,
-	0x108b0, 0x108df,
-	0x108f3, 0x108f3,
-	0x108f6, 0x108fa,
-	0x1091c, 0x1091e,
-	0x1093a, 0x1093e,
-	0x10940, 0x1097f,
-	0x109b8, 0x109bb,
-	0x109d0, 0x109d1,
-	0x10a04, 0x10a04,
-	0x10a07, 0x10a0b,
-	0x10a14, 0x10a14,
-	0x10a18, 0x10a18,
-	0x10a36, 0x10a37,
-	0x10a3b, 0x10a3e,
-	0x10a49, 0x10a4f,
-	0x10a59, 0x10a5f,
-	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
-	0x10ae7, 0x10aea,
-	0x10af7, 0x10aff,
-	0x10b36, 0x10b38,
-	0x10b56, 0x10b57,
-	0x10b73, 0x10b77,
-	0x10b92, 0x10b98,
-	0x10b9d, 0x10ba8,
-	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
-	0x10c49, 0x10c7f,
-	0x10cb3, 0x10cbf,
-	0x10cf3, 0x10cf9,
-	0x10d28, 0x10d2f,
-	0x10d3a, 0x10e5f,
-	0x10e7f, 0x10e7f,
-	0x10eaa, 0x10eaa,
-	0x10eae, 0x10eaf,
-	0x10eb2, 0x10eff,
-	0x10f28, 0x10f2f,
-	0x10f5a, 0x10f6f,
-	0x10f8a, 0x10faf,
-	0x10fcc, 0x10fdf,
-	0x10ff7, 0x10fff,
-	0x1104e, 0x11051,
-	0x11076, 0x1107e,
-	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
-	0x110c3, 0x110cf,
-	0x110e9, 0x110ef,
-	0x110fa, 0x110ff,
-	0x11135, 0x11135,
-	0x11148, 0x1114f,
-	0x11177, 0x1117f,
-	0x111e0, 0x111e0,
-	0x111f5, 0x111ff,
-	0x11212, 0x11212,
-	0x1123f, 0x1127f,
-	0x11287, 0x11287,
-	0x11289, 0x11289,
-	0x1128e, 0x1128e,
-	0x1129e, 0x1129e,
-	0x112aa, 0x112af,
-	0x112eb, 0x112ef,
-	0x112fa, 0x112ff,
-	0x11304, 0x11304,
-	0x1130d, 0x1130e,
-	0x11311, 0x11312,
-	0x11329, 0x11329,
-	0x11331, 0x11331,
-	0x11334, 0x11334,
-	0x1133a, 0x1133a,
-	0x11345, 0x11346,
-	0x11349, 0x1134a,
-	0x1134e, 0x1134f,
-	0x11351, 0x11356,
-	0x11358, 0x1135c,
-	0x11364, 0x11365,
-	0x1136d, 0x1136f,
-	0x11375, 0x113ff,
-	0x1145c, 0x1145c,
-	0x11462, 0x1147f,
-	0x114c8, 0x114cf,
-	0x114da, 0x1157f,
-	0x115b6, 0x115b7,
-	0x115de, 0x115ff,
-	0x11645, 0x1164f,
-	0x1165a, 0x1165f,
-	0x1166d, 0x1167f,
-	0x116ba, 0x116bf,
-	0x116ca, 0x116ff,
-	0x1171b, 0x1171c,
-	0x1172c, 0x1172f,
-	0x11747, 0x117ff,
-	0x1183c, 0x1189f,
-	0x118f3, 0x118fe,
-	0x11907, 0x11908,
-	0x1190a, 0x1190b,
-	0x11914, 0x11914,
-	0x11917, 0x11917,
-	0x11936, 0x11936,
-	0x11939, 0x1193a,
-	0x11947, 0x1194f,
-	0x1195a, 0x1199f,
-	0x119a8, 0x119a9,
-	0x119d8, 0x119d9,
-	0x119e5, 0x119ff,
-	0x11a48, 0x11a4f,
-	0x11aa3, 0x11aaf,
-	0x11af9, 0x11bff,
-	0x11c09, 0x11c09,
-	0x11c37, 0x11c37,
-	0x11c46, 0x11c4f,
-	0x11c6d, 0x11c6f,
-	0x11c90, 0x11c91,
-	0x11ca8, 0x11ca8,
-	0x11cb7, 0x11cff,
-	0x11d07, 0x11d07,
-	0x11d0a, 0x11d0a,
-	0x11d37, 0x11d39,
-	0x11d3b, 0x11d3b,
-	0x11d3e, 0x11d3e,
-	0x11d48, 0x11d4f,
-	0x11d5a, 0x11d5f,
-	0x11d66, 0x11d66,
-	0x11d69, 0x11d69,
-	0x11d8f, 0x11d8f,
-	0x11d92, 0x11d92,
-	0x11d99, 0x11d9f,
-	0x11daa, 0x11edf,
-	0x11ef9, 0x11faf,
-	0x11fb1, 0x11fbf,
-	0x11ff2, 0x11ffe,
-	0x1239a, 0x123ff,
-	0x1246f, 0x1246f,
-	0x12475, 0x1247f,
-	0x12544, 0x12f8f,
-	0x12ff3, 0x12fff,
-	0x1342f, 0x143ff,
-	0x14647, 0x167ff,
-	0x16a39, 0x16a3f,
-	0x16a5f, 0x16a5f,
-	0x16a6a, 0x16a6d,
-	0x16abf, 0x16abf,
-	0x16aca, 0x16acf,
-	0x16aee, 0x16aef,
-	0x16af6, 0x16aff,
-	0x16b46, 0x16b4f,
-	0x16b5a, 0x16b5a,
-	0x16b62, 0x16b62,
-	0x16b78, 0x16b7c,
-	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
-	0x16e9b, 0x16eff,
-	0x16f4b, 0x16f4e,
-	0x16f88, 0x16f8e,
-	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
-	0x16fe5, 0x16fef,
-	0x16ff2, 0x16fff,
-	0x187f8, 0x187ff,
-	0x18cd6, 0x18cff,
-	0x18d09, 0x1afef,
-	0x1aff4, 0x1aff4,
-	0x1affc, 0x1affc,
-	0x1afff, 0x1afff,
-	0x1b123, 0x1b14f,
-	0x1b153, 0x1b163,
-	0x1b168, 0x1b16f,
-	0x1b2fc, 0x1bbff,
-	0x1bc6b, 0x1bc6f,
-	0x1bc7d, 0x1bc7f,
-	0x1bc89, 0x1bc8f,
-	0x1bc9a, 0x1bc9b,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1ceff,
-	0x1cf2e, 0x1cf2f,
-	0x1cf47, 0x1cf4f,
-	0x1cfc4, 0x1cfff,
-	0x1d0f6, 0x1d0ff,
-	0x1d127, 0x1d128,
-	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
-	0x1d1eb, 0x1d1ff,
-	0x1d246, 0x1d2df,
-	0x1d2f4, 0x1d2ff,
-	0x1d357, 0x1d35f,
-	0x1d379, 0x1d3ff,
-	0x1d455, 0x1d455,
-	0x1d49d, 0x1d49d,
-	0x1d4a0, 0x1d4a1,
-	0x1d4a3, 0x1d4a4,
-	0x1d4a7, 0x1d4a8,
-	0x1d4ad, 0x1d4ad,
-	0x1d4ba, 0x1d4ba,
-	0x1d4bc, 0x1d4bc,
-	0x1d4c4, 0x1d4c4,
-	0x1d506, 0x1d506,
-	0x1d50b, 0x1d50c,
-	0x1d515, 0x1d515,
-	0x1d51d, 0x1d51d,
-	0x1d53a, 0x1d53a,
-	0x1d53f, 0x1d53f,
-	0x1d545, 0x1d545,
-	0x1d547, 0x1d549,
-	0x1d551, 0x1d551,
-	0x1d6a6, 0x1d6a7,
-	0x1d7cc, 0x1d7cd,
-	0x1da8c, 0x1da9a,
-	0x1daa0, 0x1daa0,
-	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
-	0x1df1f, 0x1dfff,
-	0x1e007, 0x1e007,
-	0x1e019, 0x1e01a,
-	0x1e022, 0x1e022,
-	0x1e025, 0x1e025,
-	0x1e02b, 0x1e0ff,
-	0x1e12d, 0x1e12f,
-	0x1e13e, 0x1e13f,
-	0x1e14a, 0x1e14d,
-	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
-	0x1e2af, 0x1e2bf,
-	0x1e2fa, 0x1e2fe,
-	0x1e300, 0x1e7df,
-	0x1e7e7, 0x1e7e7,
-	0x1e7ec, 0x1e7ec,
-	0x1e7ef, 0x1e7ef,
-	0x1e7ff, 0x1e7ff,
-	0x1e8c5, 0x1e8c6,
-	0x1e8d7, 0x1e8ff,
-	0x1e94c, 0x1e94f,
-	0x1e95a, 0x1e95d,
-	0x1e960, 0x1ec70,
-	0x1ecb5, 0x1ed00,
-	0x1ed3e, 0x1edff,
-	0x1ee04, 0x1ee04,
-	0x1ee20, 0x1ee20,
-	0x1ee23, 0x1ee23,
-	0x1ee25, 0x1ee26,
-	0x1ee28, 0x1ee28,
-	0x1ee33, 0x1ee33,
-	0x1ee38, 0x1ee38,
-	0x1ee3a, 0x1ee3a,
-	0x1ee3c, 0x1ee41,
-	0x1ee43, 0x1ee46,
-	0x1ee48, 0x1ee48,
-	0x1ee4a, 0x1ee4a,
-	0x1ee4c, 0x1ee4c,
-	0x1ee50, 0x1ee50,
-	0x1ee53, 0x1ee53,
-	0x1ee55, 0x1ee56,
-	0x1ee58, 0x1ee58,
-	0x1ee5a, 0x1ee5a,
-	0x1ee5c, 0x1ee5c,
-	0x1ee5e, 0x1ee5e,
-	0x1ee60, 0x1ee60,
-	0x1ee63, 0x1ee63,
-	0x1ee65, 0x1ee66,
-	0x1ee6b, 0x1ee6b,
-	0x1ee73, 0x1ee73,
-	0x1ee78, 0x1ee78,
-	0x1ee7d, 0x1ee7d,
-	0x1ee7f, 0x1ee7f,
-	0x1ee8a, 0x1ee8a,
-	0x1ee9c, 0x1eea0,
-	0x1eea4, 0x1eea4,
-	0x1eeaa, 0x1eeaa,
-	0x1eebc, 0x1eeef,
-	0x1eef2, 0x1efff,
-	0x1f02c, 0x1f02f,
-	0x1f094, 0x1f09f,
-	0x1f0af, 0x1f0b0,
-	0x1f0c0, 0x1f0c0,
-	0x1f0d0, 0x1f0d0,
-	0x1f0f6, 0x1f0ff,
-	0x1f1ae, 0x1f1e5,
-	0x1f203, 0x1f20f,
-	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
-	0x1f249, 0x1f24f,
-	0x1f252, 0x1f25f,
-	0x1f266, 0x1f2ff,
-	0x1f6d8, 0x1f6dc,
-	0x1f6ed, 0x1f6ef,
-	0x1f6fd, 0x1f6ff,
-	0x1f774, 0x1f77f,
-	0x1f7d9, 0x1f7df,
-	0x1f7ec, 0x1f7ef,
-	0x1f7f1, 0x1f7ff,
-	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
-	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
-	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
-	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
-	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8af,
-	0x1f8b2, 0x1f8ff,
-	0x1fa54, 0x1fa5f,
-	0x1fa6e, 0x1fa6f,
-	0x1fa75, 0x1fa77,
-	0x1fa7d, 0x1fa7f,
-	0x1fa87, 0x1fa8f,
-	0x1faad, 0x1faaf,
-	0x1fabb, 0x1fabf,
-	0x1fac6, 0x1facf,
-	0x1fada, 0x1fadf,
-	0x1fae8, 0x1faef,
-	0x1faf7, 0x1faff,
-	0x1fb93, 0x1fb93,
-	0x1fbcb, 0x1fbef,
-	0x1fbfa, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
-	0x2b739, 0x2b73f,
-	0x2b81e, 0x2b81f,
-	0x2cea2, 0x2ceaf,
-	0x2ebe1, 0x2f7ff,
-	0x2fa1e, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3134b, 0xe00ff,
-	0xe01f0, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_C */
-
-/* 'Cc': General Category */
-#define CR_Cc CR_Cntrl
-
-/* 'Cf': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cf[] = {
-	21,
-	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
-	0x0600, 0x0605,
-	0x061c, 0x061c,
-	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
-	0x070f, 0x070f,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
-	0x180e, 0x180e,
-	0x200b, 0x200f,
-	0x202a, 0x202e,
-	0x2060, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x206f,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xfff9, 0xfffb,
-	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-}; /* CR_Cf */
-
-/* 'Cn': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cn[] = {
-	698,
-	0x0378, 0x0379,
-	0x0380, 0x0383,
-	0x038b, 0x038b,
-	0x038d, 0x038d,
-	0x03a2, 0x03a2,
-	0x0530, 0x0530,
-	0x0557, 0x0558,
-	0x058b, 0x058c,
-	0x0590, 0x0590,
-	0x05c8, 0x05cf,
-	0x05eb, 0x05ee,
-	0x05f5, 0x05ff,
-	0x070e, 0x070e,
-	0x074b, 0x074c,
-	0x07b2, 0x07bf,
-	0x07fb, 0x07fc,
-	0x082e, 0x082f,
-	0x083f, 0x083f,
-	0x085c, 0x085d,
-	0x085f, 0x085f,
-	0x086b, 0x086f,
-	0x088f, 0x088f,
-	0x0892, 0x0897,
-	0x0984, 0x0984,
-	0x098d, 0x098e,
-	0x0991, 0x0992,
-	0x09a9, 0x09a9,
-	0x09b1, 0x09b1,
-	0x09b3, 0x09b5,
-	0x09ba, 0x09bb,
-	0x09c5, 0x09c6,
-	0x09c9, 0x09ca,
-	0x09cf, 0x09d6,
-	0x09d8, 0x09db,
-	0x09de, 0x09de,
-	0x09e4, 0x09e5,
-	0x09ff, 0x0a00,
-	0x0a04, 0x0a04,
-	0x0a0b, 0x0a0e,
-	0x0a11, 0x0a12,
-	0x0a29, 0x0a29,
-	0x0a31, 0x0a31,
-	0x0a34, 0x0a34,
-	0x0a37, 0x0a37,
-	0x0a3a, 0x0a3b,
-	0x0a3d, 0x0a3d,
-	0x0a43, 0x0a46,
-	0x0a49, 0x0a4a,
-	0x0a4e, 0x0a50,
-	0x0a52, 0x0a58,
-	0x0a5d, 0x0a5d,
-	0x0a5f, 0x0a65,
-	0x0a77, 0x0a80,
-	0x0a84, 0x0a84,
-	0x0a8e, 0x0a8e,
-	0x0a92, 0x0a92,
-	0x0aa9, 0x0aa9,
-	0x0ab1, 0x0ab1,
-	0x0ab4, 0x0ab4,
-	0x0aba, 0x0abb,
-	0x0ac6, 0x0ac6,
-	0x0aca, 0x0aca,
-	0x0ace, 0x0acf,
-	0x0ad1, 0x0adf,
-	0x0ae4, 0x0ae5,
-	0x0af2, 0x0af8,
-	0x0b00, 0x0b00,
-	0x0b04, 0x0b04,
-	0x0b0d, 0x0b0e,
-	0x0b11, 0x0b12,
-	0x0b29, 0x0b29,
-	0x0b31, 0x0b31,
-	0x0b34, 0x0b34,
-	0x0b3a, 0x0b3b,
-	0x0b45, 0x0b46,
-	0x0b49, 0x0b4a,
-	0x0b4e, 0x0b54,
-	0x0b58, 0x0b5b,
-	0x0b5e, 0x0b5e,
-	0x0b64, 0x0b65,
-	0x0b78, 0x0b81,
-	0x0b84, 0x0b84,
-	0x0b8b, 0x0b8d,
-	0x0b91, 0x0b91,
-	0x0b96, 0x0b98,
-	0x0b9b, 0x0b9b,
-	0x0b9d, 0x0b9d,
-	0x0ba0, 0x0ba2,
-	0x0ba5, 0x0ba7,
-	0x0bab, 0x0bad,
-	0x0bba, 0x0bbd,
-	0x0bc3, 0x0bc5,
-	0x0bc9, 0x0bc9,
-	0x0bce, 0x0bcf,
-	0x0bd1, 0x0bd6,
-	0x0bd8, 0x0be5,
-	0x0bfb, 0x0bff,
-	0x0c0d, 0x0c0d,
-	0x0c11, 0x0c11,
-	0x0c29, 0x0c29,
-	0x0c3a, 0x0c3b,
-	0x0c45, 0x0c45,
-	0x0c49, 0x0c49,
-	0x0c4e, 0x0c54,
-	0x0c57, 0x0c57,
-	0x0c5b, 0x0c5c,
-	0x0c5e, 0x0c5f,
-	0x0c64, 0x0c65,
-	0x0c70, 0x0c76,
-	0x0c8d, 0x0c8d,
-	0x0c91, 0x0c91,
-	0x0ca9, 0x0ca9,
-	0x0cb4, 0x0cb4,
-	0x0cba, 0x0cbb,
-	0x0cc5, 0x0cc5,
-	0x0cc9, 0x0cc9,
-	0x0cce, 0x0cd4,
-	0x0cd7, 0x0cdc,
-	0x0cdf, 0x0cdf,
-	0x0ce4, 0x0ce5,
-	0x0cf0, 0x0cf0,
-	0x0cf3, 0x0cff,
-	0x0d0d, 0x0d0d,
-	0x0d11, 0x0d11,
-	0x0d45, 0x0d45,
-	0x0d49, 0x0d49,
-	0x0d50, 0x0d53,
-	0x0d64, 0x0d65,
-	0x0d80, 0x0d80,
-	0x0d84, 0x0d84,
-	0x0d97, 0x0d99,
-	0x0db2, 0x0db2,
-	0x0dbc, 0x0dbc,
-	0x0dbe, 0x0dbf,
-	0x0dc7, 0x0dc9,
-	0x0dcb, 0x0dce,
-	0x0dd5, 0x0dd5,
-	0x0dd7, 0x0dd7,
-	0x0de0, 0x0de5,
-	0x0df0, 0x0df1,
-	0x0df5, 0x0e00,
-	0x0e3b, 0x0e3e,
-	0x0e5c, 0x0e80,
-	0x0e83, 0x0e83,
-	0x0e85, 0x0e85,
-	0x0e8b, 0x0e8b,
-	0x0ea4, 0x0ea4,
-	0x0ea6, 0x0ea6,
-	0x0ebe, 0x0ebf,
-	0x0ec5, 0x0ec5,
-	0x0ec7, 0x0ec7,
-	0x0ece, 0x0ecf,
-	0x0eda, 0x0edb,
-	0x0ee0, 0x0eff,
-	0x0f48, 0x0f48,
-	0x0f6d, 0x0f70,
-	0x0f98, 0x0f98,
-	0x0fbd, 0x0fbd,
-	0x0fcd, 0x0fcd,
-	0x0fdb, 0x0fff,
-	0x10c6, 0x10c6,
-	0x10c8, 0x10cc,
-	0x10ce, 0x10cf,
-	0x1249, 0x1249,
-	0x124e, 0x124f,
-	0x1257, 0x1257,
-	0x1259, 0x1259,
-	0x125e, 0x125f,
-	0x1289, 0x1289,
-	0x128e, 0x128f,
-	0x12b1, 0x12b1,
-	0x12b6, 0x12b7,
-	0x12bf, 0x12bf,
-	0x12c1, 0x12c1,
-	0x12c6, 0x12c7,
-	0x12d7, 0x12d7,
-	0x1311, 0x1311,
-	0x1316, 0x1317,
-	0x135b, 0x135c,
-	0x137d, 0x137f,
-	0x139a, 0x139f,
-	0x13f6, 0x13f7,
-	0x13fe, 0x13ff,
-	0x169d, 0x169f,
-	0x16f9, 0x16ff,
-	0x1716, 0x171e,
-	0x1737, 0x173f,
-	0x1754, 0x175f,
-	0x176d, 0x176d,
-	0x1771, 0x1771,
-	0x1774, 0x177f,
-	0x17de, 0x17df,
-	0x17ea, 0x17ef,
-	0x17fa, 0x17ff,
-	0x181a, 0x181f,
-	0x1879, 0x187f,
-	0x18ab, 0x18af,
-	0x18f6, 0x18ff,
-	0x191f, 0x191f,
-	0x192c, 0x192f,
-	0x193c, 0x193f,
-	0x1941, 0x1943,
-	0x196e, 0x196f,
-	0x1975, 0x197f,
-	0x19ac, 0x19af,
-	0x19ca, 0x19cf,
-	0x19db, 0x19dd,
-	0x1a1c, 0x1a1d,
-	0x1a5f, 0x1a5f,
-	0x1a7d, 0x1a7e,
-	0x1a8a, 0x1a8f,
-	0x1a9a, 0x1a9f,
-	0x1aae, 0x1aaf,
-	0x1acf, 0x1aff,
-	0x1b4d, 0x1b4f,
-	0x1b7f, 0x1b7f,
-	0x1bf4, 0x1bfb,
-	0x1c38, 0x1c3a,
-	0x1c4a, 0x1c4c,
-	0x1c89, 0x1c8f,
-	0x1cbb, 0x1cbc,
-	0x1cc8, 0x1ccf,
-	0x1cfb, 0x1cff,
-	0x1f16, 0x1f17,
-	0x1f1e, 0x1f1f,
-	0x1f46, 0x1f47,
-	0x1f4e, 0x1f4f,
-	0x1f58, 0x1f58,
-	0x1f5a, 0x1f5a,
-	0x1f5c, 0x1f5c,
-	0x1f5e, 0x1f5e,
-	0x1f7e, 0x1f7f,
-	0x1fb5, 0x1fb5,
-	0x1fc5, 0x1fc5,
-	0x1fd4, 0x1fd5,
-	0x1fdc, 0x1fdc,
-	0x1ff0, 0x1ff1,
-	0x1ff5, 0x1ff5,
-	0x1fff, 0x1fff,
-	0x2065, 0x2065,
-	0x2072, 0x2073,
-	0x208f, 0x208f,
-	0x209d, 0x209f,
-	0x20c1, 0x20cf,
-	0x20f1, 0x20ff,
-	0x218c, 0x218f,
-	0x2427, 0x243f,
-	0x244b, 0x245f,
-	0x2b74, 0x2b75,
-	0x2b96, 0x2b96,
-	0x2cf4, 0x2cf8,
-	0x2d26, 0x2d26,
-	0x2d28, 0x2d2c,
-	0x2d2e, 0x2d2f,
-	0x2d68, 0x2d6e,
-	0x2d71, 0x2d7e,
-	0x2d97, 0x2d9f,
-	0x2da7, 0x2da7,
-	0x2daf, 0x2daf,
-	0x2db7, 0x2db7,
-	0x2dbf, 0x2dbf,
-	0x2dc7, 0x2dc7,
-	0x2dcf, 0x2dcf,
-	0x2dd7, 0x2dd7,
-	0x2ddf, 0x2ddf,
-	0x2e5e, 0x2e7f,
-	0x2e9a, 0x2e9a,
-	0x2ef4, 0x2eff,
-	0x2fd6, 0x2fef,
-	0x2ffc, 0x2fff,
-	0x3040, 0x3040,
-	0x3097, 0x3098,
-	0x3100, 0x3104,
-	0x3130, 0x3130,
-	0x318f, 0x318f,
-	0x31e4, 0x31ef,
-	0x321f, 0x321f,
-	0xa48d, 0xa48f,
-	0xa4c7, 0xa4cf,
-	0xa62c, 0xa63f,
-	0xa6f8, 0xa6ff,
-	0xa7cb, 0xa7cf,
-	0xa7d2, 0xa7d2,
-	0xa7d4, 0xa7d4,
-	0xa7da, 0xa7f1,
-	0xa82d, 0xa82f,
-	0xa83a, 0xa83f,
-	0xa878, 0xa87f,
-	0xa8c6, 0xa8cd,
-	0xa8da, 0xa8df,
-	0xa954, 0xa95e,
-	0xa97d, 0xa97f,
-	0xa9ce, 0xa9ce,
-	0xa9da, 0xa9dd,
-	0xa9ff, 0xa9ff,
-	0xaa37, 0xaa3f,
-	0xaa4e, 0xaa4f,
-	0xaa5a, 0xaa5b,
-	0xaac3, 0xaada,
-	0xaaf7, 0xab00,
-	0xab07, 0xab08,
-	0xab0f, 0xab10,
-	0xab17, 0xab1f,
-	0xab27, 0xab27,
-	0xab2f, 0xab2f,
-	0xab6c, 0xab6f,
-	0xabee, 0xabef,
-	0xabfa, 0xabff,
-	0xd7a4, 0xd7af,
-	0xd7c7, 0xd7ca,
-	0xd7fc, 0xd7ff,
-	0xfa6e, 0xfa6f,
-	0xfada, 0xfaff,
-	0xfb07, 0xfb12,
-	0xfb18, 0xfb1c,
-	0xfb37, 0xfb37,
-	0xfb3d, 0xfb3d,
-	0xfb3f, 0xfb3f,
-	0xfb42, 0xfb42,
-	0xfb45, 0xfb45,
-	0xfbc3, 0xfbd2,
-	0xfd90, 0xfd91,
-	0xfdc8, 0xfdce,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
-	0xfe1a, 0xfe1f,
-	0xfe53, 0xfe53,
-	0xfe67, 0xfe67,
-	0xfe6c, 0xfe6f,
-	0xfe75, 0xfe75,
-	0xfefd, 0xfefe,
-	0xff00, 0xff00,
-	0xffbf, 0xffc1,
-	0xffc8, 0xffc9,
-	0xffd0, 0xffd1,
-	0xffd8, 0xffd9,
-	0xffdd, 0xffdf,
-	0xffe7, 0xffe7,
-	0xffef, 0xfff8,
-	0xfffe, 0xffff,
-	0x1000c, 0x1000c,
-	0x10027, 0x10027,
-	0x1003b, 0x1003b,
-	0x1003e, 0x1003e,
-	0x1004e, 0x1004f,
-	0x1005e, 0x1007f,
-	0x100fb, 0x100ff,
-	0x10103, 0x10106,
-	0x10134, 0x10136,
-	0x1018f, 0x1018f,
-	0x1019d, 0x1019f,
-	0x101a1, 0x101cf,
-	0x101fe, 0x1027f,
-	0x1029d, 0x1029f,
-	0x102d1, 0x102df,
-	0x102fc, 0x102ff,
-	0x10324, 0x1032c,
-	0x1034b, 0x1034f,
-	0x1037b, 0x1037f,
-	0x1039e, 0x1039e,
-	0x103c4, 0x103c7,
-	0x103d6, 0x103ff,
-	0x1049e, 0x1049f,
-	0x104aa, 0x104af,
-	0x104d4, 0x104d7,
-	0x104fc, 0x104ff,
-	0x10528, 0x1052f,
-	0x10564, 0x1056e,
-	0x1057b, 0x1057b,
-	0x1058b, 0x1058b,
-	0x10593, 0x10593,
-	0x10596, 0x10596,
-	0x105a2, 0x105a2,
-	0x105b2, 0x105b2,
-	0x105ba, 0x105ba,
-	0x105bd, 0x105ff,
-	0x10737, 0x1073f,
-	0x10756, 0x1075f,
-	0x10768, 0x1077f,
-	0x10786, 0x10786,
-	0x107b1, 0x107b1,
-	0x107bb, 0x107ff,
-	0x10806, 0x10807,
-	0x10809, 0x10809,
-	0x10836, 0x10836,
-	0x10839, 0x1083b,
-	0x1083d, 0x1083e,
-	0x10856, 0x10856,
-	0x1089f, 0x108a6,
-	0x108b0, 0x108df,
-	0x108f3, 0x108f3,
-	0x108f6, 0x108fa,
-	0x1091c, 0x1091e,
-	0x1093a, 0x1093e,
-	0x10940, 0x1097f,
-	0x109b8, 0x109bb,
-	0x109d0, 0x109d1,
-	0x10a04, 0x10a04,
-	0x10a07, 0x10a0b,
-	0x10a14, 0x10a14,
-	0x10a18, 0x10a18,
-	0x10a36, 0x10a37,
-	0x10a3b, 0x10a3e,
-	0x10a49, 0x10a4f,
-	0x10a59, 0x10a5f,
-	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
-	0x10ae7, 0x10aea,
-	0x10af7, 0x10aff,
-	0x10b36, 0x10b38,
-	0x10b56, 0x10b57,
-	0x10b73, 0x10b77,
-	0x10b92, 0x10b98,
-	0x10b9d, 0x10ba8,
-	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
-	0x10c49, 0x10c7f,
-	0x10cb3, 0x10cbf,
-	0x10cf3, 0x10cf9,
-	0x10d28, 0x10d2f,
-	0x10d3a, 0x10e5f,
-	0x10e7f, 0x10e7f,
-	0x10eaa, 0x10eaa,
-	0x10eae, 0x10eaf,
-	0x10eb2, 0x10eff,
-	0x10f28, 0x10f2f,
-	0x10f5a, 0x10f6f,
-	0x10f8a, 0x10faf,
-	0x10fcc, 0x10fdf,
-	0x10ff7, 0x10fff,
-	0x1104e, 0x11051,
-	0x11076, 0x1107e,
-	0x110c3, 0x110cc,
-	0x110ce, 0x110cf,
-	0x110e9, 0x110ef,
-	0x110fa, 0x110ff,
-	0x11135, 0x11135,
-	0x11148, 0x1114f,
-	0x11177, 0x1117f,
-	0x111e0, 0x111e0,
-	0x111f5, 0x111ff,
-	0x11212, 0x11212,
-	0x1123f, 0x1127f,
-	0x11287, 0x11287,
-	0x11289, 0x11289,
-	0x1128e, 0x1128e,
-	0x1129e, 0x1129e,
-	0x112aa, 0x112af,
-	0x112eb, 0x112ef,
-	0x112fa, 0x112ff,
-	0x11304, 0x11304,
-	0x1130d, 0x1130e,
-	0x11311, 0x11312,
-	0x11329, 0x11329,
-	0x11331, 0x11331,
-	0x11334, 0x11334,
-	0x1133a, 0x1133a,
-	0x11345, 0x11346,
-	0x11349, 0x1134a,
-	0x1134e, 0x1134f,
-	0x11351, 0x11356,
-	0x11358, 0x1135c,
-	0x11364, 0x11365,
-	0x1136d, 0x1136f,
-	0x11375, 0x113ff,
-	0x1145c, 0x1145c,
-	0x11462, 0x1147f,
-	0x114c8, 0x114cf,
-	0x114da, 0x1157f,
-	0x115b6, 0x115b7,
-	0x115de, 0x115ff,
-	0x11645, 0x1164f,
-	0x1165a, 0x1165f,
-	0x1166d, 0x1167f,
-	0x116ba, 0x116bf,
-	0x116ca, 0x116ff,
-	0x1171b, 0x1171c,
-	0x1172c, 0x1172f,
-	0x11747, 0x117ff,
-	0x1183c, 0x1189f,
-	0x118f3, 0x118fe,
-	0x11907, 0x11908,
-	0x1190a, 0x1190b,
-	0x11914, 0x11914,
-	0x11917, 0x11917,
-	0x11936, 0x11936,
-	0x11939, 0x1193a,
-	0x11947, 0x1194f,
-	0x1195a, 0x1199f,
-	0x119a8, 0x119a9,
-	0x119d8, 0x119d9,
-	0x119e5, 0x119ff,
-	0x11a48, 0x11a4f,
-	0x11aa3, 0x11aaf,
-	0x11af9, 0x11bff,
-	0x11c09, 0x11c09,
-	0x11c37, 0x11c37,
-	0x11c46, 0x11c4f,
-	0x11c6d, 0x11c6f,
-	0x11c90, 0x11c91,
-	0x11ca8, 0x11ca8,
-	0x11cb7, 0x11cff,
-	0x11d07, 0x11d07,
-	0x11d0a, 0x11d0a,
-	0x11d37, 0x11d39,
-	0x11d3b, 0x11d3b,
-	0x11d3e, 0x11d3e,
-	0x11d48, 0x11d4f,
-	0x11d5a, 0x11d5f,
-	0x11d66, 0x11d66,
-	0x11d69, 0x11d69,
-	0x11d8f, 0x11d8f,
-	0x11d92, 0x11d92,
-	0x11d99, 0x11d9f,
-	0x11daa, 0x11edf,
-	0x11ef9, 0x11faf,
-	0x11fb1, 0x11fbf,
-	0x11ff2, 0x11ffe,
-	0x1239a, 0x123ff,
-	0x1246f, 0x1246f,
-	0x12475, 0x1247f,
-	0x12544, 0x12f8f,
-	0x12ff3, 0x12fff,
-	0x1342f, 0x1342f,
-	0x13439, 0x143ff,
-	0x14647, 0x167ff,
-	0x16a39, 0x16a3f,
-	0x16a5f, 0x16a5f,
-	0x16a6a, 0x16a6d,
-	0x16abf, 0x16abf,
-	0x16aca, 0x16acf,
-	0x16aee, 0x16aef,
-	0x16af6, 0x16aff,
-	0x16b46, 0x16b4f,
-	0x16b5a, 0x16b5a,
-	0x16b62, 0x16b62,
-	0x16b78, 0x16b7c,
-	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
-	0x16e9b, 0x16eff,
-	0x16f4b, 0x16f4e,
-	0x16f88, 0x16f8e,
-	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
-	0x16fe5, 0x16fef,
-	0x16ff2, 0x16fff,
-	0x187f8, 0x187ff,
-	0x18cd6, 0x18cff,
-	0x18d09, 0x1afef,
-	0x1aff4, 0x1aff4,
-	0x1affc, 0x1affc,
-	0x1afff, 0x1afff,
-	0x1b123, 0x1b14f,
-	0x1b153, 0x1b163,
-	0x1b168, 0x1b16f,
-	0x1b2fc, 0x1bbff,
-	0x1bc6b, 0x1bc6f,
-	0x1bc7d, 0x1bc7f,
-	0x1bc89, 0x1bc8f,
-	0x1bc9a, 0x1bc9b,
-	0x1bca4, 0x1ceff,
-	0x1cf2e, 0x1cf2f,
-	0x1cf47, 0x1cf4f,
-	0x1cfc4, 0x1cfff,
-	0x1d0f6, 0x1d0ff,
-	0x1d127, 0x1d128,
-	0x1d1eb, 0x1d1ff,
-	0x1d246, 0x1d2df,
-	0x1d2f4, 0x1d2ff,
-	0x1d357, 0x1d35f,
-	0x1d379, 0x1d3ff,
-	0x1d455, 0x1d455,
-	0x1d49d, 0x1d49d,
-	0x1d4a0, 0x1d4a1,
-	0x1d4a3, 0x1d4a4,
-	0x1d4a7, 0x1d4a8,
-	0x1d4ad, 0x1d4ad,
-	0x1d4ba, 0x1d4ba,
-	0x1d4bc, 0x1d4bc,
-	0x1d4c4, 0x1d4c4,
-	0x1d506, 0x1d506,
-	0x1d50b, 0x1d50c,
-	0x1d515, 0x1d515,
-	0x1d51d, 0x1d51d,
-	0x1d53a, 0x1d53a,
-	0x1d53f, 0x1d53f,
-	0x1d545, 0x1d545,
-	0x1d547, 0x1d549,
-	0x1d551, 0x1d551,
-	0x1d6a6, 0x1d6a7,
-	0x1d7cc, 0x1d7cd,
-	0x1da8c, 0x1da9a,
-	0x1daa0, 0x1daa0,
-	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
-	0x1df1f, 0x1dfff,
-	0x1e007, 0x1e007,
-	0x1e019, 0x1e01a,
-	0x1e022, 0x1e022,
-	0x1e025, 0x1e025,
-	0x1e02b, 0x1e0ff,
-	0x1e12d, 0x1e12f,
-	0x1e13e, 0x1e13f,
-	0x1e14a, 0x1e14d,
-	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
-	0x1e2af, 0x1e2bf,
-	0x1e2fa, 0x1e2fe,
-	0x1e300, 0x1e7df,
-	0x1e7e7, 0x1e7e7,
-	0x1e7ec, 0x1e7ec,
-	0x1e7ef, 0x1e7ef,
-	0x1e7ff, 0x1e7ff,
-	0x1e8c5, 0x1e8c6,
-	0x1e8d7, 0x1e8ff,
-	0x1e94c, 0x1e94f,
-	0x1e95a, 0x1e95d,
-	0x1e960, 0x1ec70,
-	0x1ecb5, 0x1ed00,
-	0x1ed3e, 0x1edff,
-	0x1ee04, 0x1ee04,
-	0x1ee20, 0x1ee20,
-	0x1ee23, 0x1ee23,
-	0x1ee25, 0x1ee26,
-	0x1ee28, 0x1ee28,
-	0x1ee33, 0x1ee33,
-	0x1ee38, 0x1ee38,
-	0x1ee3a, 0x1ee3a,
-	0x1ee3c, 0x1ee41,
-	0x1ee43, 0x1ee46,
-	0x1ee48, 0x1ee48,
-	0x1ee4a, 0x1ee4a,
-	0x1ee4c, 0x1ee4c,
-	0x1ee50, 0x1ee50,
-	0x1ee53, 0x1ee53,
-	0x1ee55, 0x1ee56,
-	0x1ee58, 0x1ee58,
-	0x1ee5a, 0x1ee5a,
-	0x1ee5c, 0x1ee5c,
-	0x1ee5e, 0x1ee5e,
-	0x1ee60, 0x1ee60,
-	0x1ee63, 0x1ee63,
-	0x1ee65, 0x1ee66,
-	0x1ee6b, 0x1ee6b,
-	0x1ee73, 0x1ee73,
-	0x1ee78, 0x1ee78,
-	0x1ee7d, 0x1ee7d,
-	0x1ee7f, 0x1ee7f,
-	0x1ee8a, 0x1ee8a,
-	0x1ee9c, 0x1eea0,
-	0x1eea4, 0x1eea4,
-	0x1eeaa, 0x1eeaa,
-	0x1eebc, 0x1eeef,
-	0x1eef2, 0x1efff,
-	0x1f02c, 0x1f02f,
-	0x1f094, 0x1f09f,
-	0x1f0af, 0x1f0b0,
-	0x1f0c0, 0x1f0c0,
-	0x1f0d0, 0x1f0d0,
-	0x1f0f6, 0x1f0ff,
-	0x1f1ae, 0x1f1e5,
-	0x1f203, 0x1f20f,
-	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
-	0x1f249, 0x1f24f,
-	0x1f252, 0x1f25f,
-	0x1f266, 0x1f2ff,
-	0x1f6d8, 0x1f6dc,
-	0x1f6ed, 0x1f6ef,
-	0x1f6fd, 0x1f6ff,
-	0x1f774, 0x1f77f,
-	0x1f7d9, 0x1f7df,
-	0x1f7ec, 0x1f7ef,
-	0x1f7f1, 0x1f7ff,
-	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
-	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
-	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
-	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
-	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8af,
-	0x1f8b2, 0x1f8ff,
-	0x1fa54, 0x1fa5f,
-	0x1fa6e, 0x1fa6f,
-	0x1fa75, 0x1fa77,
-	0x1fa7d, 0x1fa7f,
-	0x1fa87, 0x1fa8f,
-	0x1faad, 0x1faaf,
-	0x1fabb, 0x1fabf,
-	0x1fac6, 0x1facf,
-	0x1fada, 0x1fadf,
-	0x1fae8, 0x1faef,
-	0x1faf7, 0x1faff,
-	0x1fb93, 0x1fb93,
-	0x1fbcb, 0x1fbef,
-	0x1fbfa, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
-	0x2b739, 0x2b73f,
-	0x2b81e, 0x2b81f,
-	0x2cea2, 0x2ceaf,
-	0x2ebe1, 0x2f7ff,
-	0x2fa1e, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3134b, 0xe0000,
-	0xe0002, 0xe001f,
-	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
-	0xe01f0, 0xeffff,
-	0xffffe, 0xfffff,
-	0x10fffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Cn */
-
-/* 'Co': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Co[] = {
-	3,
-	0xe000, 0xf8ff,
-	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
-	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
-}; /* CR_Co */
-
-/* 'Cs': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cs[] = {
-	1,
-	0xd800, 0xdfff,
-}; /* CR_Cs */
-
-/* 'L': Major Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_L[] = {
-	648,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0370, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0620, 0x064a,
-	0x066e, 0x066f,
-	0x0671, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
-	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
-	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
-	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x0710,
-	0x0712, 0x072f,
-	0x074d, 0x07a5,
-	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
-	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
-	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x0815,
-	0x081a, 0x081a,
-	0x0824, 0x0824,
-	0x0828, 0x0828,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
-	0x0904, 0x0939,
-	0x093d, 0x093d,
-	0x0950, 0x0950,
-	0x0958, 0x0961,
-	0x0971, 0x0980,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e1,
-	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
-	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
-	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
-	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
-	0x1000, 0x102a,
-	0x103f, 0x103f,
-	0x1050, 0x1055,
-	0x105a, 0x105d,
-	0x1061, 0x1061,
-	0x1065, 0x1066,
-	0x106e, 0x1070,
-	0x1075, 0x1081,
-	0x108e, 0x108e,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16f1, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1711,
-	0x171f, 0x1731,
-	0x1740, 0x1751,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x1884,
-	0x1887, 0x18a8,
-	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1950, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
-	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
-	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
-	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2183, 0x2184,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x3005, 0x3006,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x303b, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa61f,
-	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66e,
-	0xa67f, 0xa69d,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6e5,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
-	0xa803, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa80a,
-	0xa80c, 0xa822,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
-	0xa90a, 0xa925,
-	0xa930, 0xa946,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
-	0xa9e6, 0xa9ef,
-	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
-	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
-	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
-	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
-	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
-	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf4,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabe2,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
-	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x10340,
-	0x10342, 0x10349,
-	0x10350, 0x10375,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
-	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11003, 0x11037,
-	0x11071, 0x11072,
-	0x11075, 0x11075,
-	0x11083, 0x110af,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x11103, 0x11126,
-	0x11144, 0x11144,
-	0x11147, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11183, 0x111b2,
-	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
-	0x111da, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1122b,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112de,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x1135d, 0x11361,
-	0x11400, 0x11434,
-	0x11447, 0x1144a,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114af,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x11580, 0x115ae,
-	0x115d8, 0x115db,
-	0x11600, 0x1162f,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11680, 0x116aa,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1182b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x1192f,
-	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
-	0x11941, 0x11941,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
-	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
-	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
-	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_L */
-
-/* 'LC': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_LC[] = {
-	142,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x01ba,
-	0x01bc, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c4, 0x0293,
-	0x0295, 0x02af,
-	0x0370, 0x0373,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1d00, 0x1d2b,
-	0x1d6b, 0x1d77,
-	0x1d79, 0x1d9a,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2134,
-	0x2139, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2183, 0x2184,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c7b,
-	0x2c7e, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa640, 0xa66d,
-	0xa680, 0xa69b,
-	0xa722, 0xa76f,
-	0xa771, 0xa787,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f6,
-	0xa7fa, 0xa7fa,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab60, 0xab68,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10400, 0x1044f,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
-	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-}; /* CR_LC */
-
-/* 'Ll': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ll[] = {
-	657,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00df, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
-	0x0101, 0x0101,
-	0x0103, 0x0103,
-	0x0105, 0x0105,
-	0x0107, 0x0107,
-	0x0109, 0x0109,
-	0x010b, 0x010b,
-	0x010d, 0x010d,
-	0x010f, 0x010f,
-	0x0111, 0x0111,
-	0x0113, 0x0113,
-	0x0115, 0x0115,
-	0x0117, 0x0117,
-	0x0119, 0x0119,
-	0x011b, 0x011b,
-	0x011d, 0x011d,
-	0x011f, 0x011f,
-	0x0121, 0x0121,
-	0x0123, 0x0123,
-	0x0125, 0x0125,
-	0x0127, 0x0127,
-	0x0129, 0x0129,
-	0x012b, 0x012b,
-	0x012d, 0x012d,
-	0x012f, 0x012f,
-	0x0131, 0x0131,
-	0x0133, 0x0133,
-	0x0135, 0x0135,
-	0x0137, 0x0138,
-	0x013a, 0x013a,
-	0x013c, 0x013c,
-	0x013e, 0x013e,
-	0x0140, 0x0140,
-	0x0142, 0x0142,
-	0x0144, 0x0144,
-	0x0146, 0x0146,
-	0x0148, 0x0149,
-	0x014b, 0x014b,
-	0x014d, 0x014d,
-	0x014f, 0x014f,
-	0x0151, 0x0151,
-	0x0153, 0x0153,
-	0x0155, 0x0155,
-	0x0157, 0x0157,
-	0x0159, 0x0159,
-	0x015b, 0x015b,
-	0x015d, 0x015d,
-	0x015f, 0x015f,
-	0x0161, 0x0161,
-	0x0163, 0x0163,
-	0x0165, 0x0165,
-	0x0167, 0x0167,
-	0x0169, 0x0169,
-	0x016b, 0x016b,
-	0x016d, 0x016d,
-	0x016f, 0x016f,
-	0x0171, 0x0171,
-	0x0173, 0x0173,
-	0x0175, 0x0175,
-	0x0177, 0x0177,
-	0x017a, 0x017a,
-	0x017c, 0x017c,
-	0x017e, 0x0180,
-	0x0183, 0x0183,
-	0x0185, 0x0185,
-	0x0188, 0x0188,
-	0x018c, 0x018d,
-	0x0192, 0x0192,
-	0x0195, 0x0195,
-	0x0199, 0x019b,
-	0x019e, 0x019e,
-	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
-	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
-	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
-	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
-	0x01aa, 0x01ab,
-	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
-	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
-	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
-	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
-	0x01b9, 0x01ba,
-	0x01bd, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c6, 0x01c6,
-	0x01c9, 0x01c9,
-	0x01cc, 0x01cc,
-	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
-	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
-	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
-	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
-	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
-	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
-	0x01da, 0x01da,
-	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
-	0x01df, 0x01df,
-	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
-	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
-	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
-	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
-	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
-	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
-	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
-	0x01ef, 0x01f0,
-	0x01f3, 0x01f3,
-	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
-	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
-	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
-	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
-	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
-	0x0201, 0x0201,
-	0x0203, 0x0203,
-	0x0205, 0x0205,
-	0x0207, 0x0207,
-	0x0209, 0x0209,
-	0x020b, 0x020b,
-	0x020d, 0x020d,
-	0x020f, 0x020f,
-	0x0211, 0x0211,
-	0x0213, 0x0213,
-	0x0215, 0x0215,
-	0x0217, 0x0217,
-	0x0219, 0x0219,
-	0x021b, 0x021b,
-	0x021d, 0x021d,
-	0x021f, 0x021f,
-	0x0221, 0x0221,
-	0x0223, 0x0223,
-	0x0225, 0x0225,
-	0x0227, 0x0227,
-	0x0229, 0x0229,
-	0x022b, 0x022b,
-	0x022d, 0x022d,
-	0x022f, 0x022f,
-	0x0231, 0x0231,
-	0x0233, 0x0239,
-	0x023c, 0x023c,
-	0x023f, 0x0240,
-	0x0242, 0x0242,
-	0x0247, 0x0247,
-	0x0249, 0x0249,
-	0x024b, 0x024b,
-	0x024d, 0x024d,
-	0x024f, 0x0293,
-	0x0295, 0x02af,
-	0x0371, 0x0371,
-	0x0373, 0x0373,
-	0x0377, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x0390, 0x0390,
-	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
-	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
-	0x03db, 0x03db,
-	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
-	0x03df, 0x03df,
-	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
-	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
-	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
-	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
-	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
-	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
-	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
-	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
-	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
-	0x03fb, 0x03fc,
-	0x0430, 0x045f,
-	0x0461, 0x0461,
-	0x0463, 0x0463,
-	0x0465, 0x0465,
-	0x0467, 0x0467,
-	0x0469, 0x0469,
-	0x046b, 0x046b,
-	0x046d, 0x046d,
-	0x046f, 0x046f,
-	0x0471, 0x0471,
-	0x0473, 0x0473,
-	0x0475, 0x0475,
-	0x0477, 0x0477,
-	0x0479, 0x0479,
-	0x047b, 0x047b,
-	0x047d, 0x047d,
-	0x047f, 0x047f,
-	0x0481, 0x0481,
-	0x048b, 0x048b,
-	0x048d, 0x048d,
-	0x048f, 0x048f,
-	0x0491, 0x0491,
-	0x0493, 0x0493,
-	0x0495, 0x0495,
-	0x0497, 0x0497,
-	0x0499, 0x0499,
-	0x049b, 0x049b,
-	0x049d, 0x049d,
-	0x049f, 0x049f,
-	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
-	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
-	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
-	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
-	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
-	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
-	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
-	0x04af, 0x04af,
-	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
-	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
-	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
-	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
-	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
-	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
-	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
-	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
-	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
-	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
-	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
-	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
-	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
-	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
-	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
-	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
-	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
-	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
-	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
-	0x04db, 0x04db,
-	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
-	0x04df, 0x04df,
-	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
-	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
-	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
-	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
-	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
-	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
-	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
-	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
-	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
-	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
-	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
-	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
-	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
-	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
-	0x0501, 0x0501,
-	0x0503, 0x0503,
-	0x0505, 0x0505,
-	0x0507, 0x0507,
-	0x0509, 0x0509,
-	0x050b, 0x050b,
-	0x050d, 0x050d,
-	0x050f, 0x050f,
-	0x0511, 0x0511,
-	0x0513, 0x0513,
-	0x0515, 0x0515,
-	0x0517, 0x0517,
-	0x0519, 0x0519,
-	0x051b, 0x051b,
-	0x051d, 0x051d,
-	0x051f, 0x051f,
-	0x0521, 0x0521,
-	0x0523, 0x0523,
-	0x0525, 0x0525,
-	0x0527, 0x0527,
-	0x0529, 0x0529,
-	0x052b, 0x052b,
-	0x052d, 0x052d,
-	0x052f, 0x052f,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1d00, 0x1d2b,
-	0x1d6b, 0x1d77,
-	0x1d79, 0x1d9a,
-	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
-	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
-	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
-	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
-	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
-	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
-	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
-	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
-	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
-	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
-	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
-	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
-	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
-	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
-	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
-	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
-	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
-	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
-	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
-	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
-	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
-	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
-	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
-	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
-	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
-	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
-	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
-	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
-	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
-	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
-	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
-	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
-	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
-	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
-	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
-	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
-	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
-	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
-	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
-	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
-	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
-	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
-	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
-	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
-	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
-	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
-	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
-	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
-	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
-	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
-	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
-	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
-	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
-	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
-	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
-	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
-	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
-	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
-	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
-	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
-	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
-	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
-	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
-	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
-	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
-	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
-	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
-	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
-	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
-	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
-	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
-	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
-	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
-	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
-	0x1e95, 0x1e9d,
-	0x1e9f, 0x1e9f,
-	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
-	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
-	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
-	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
-	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
-	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
-	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
-	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
-	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
-	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
-	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
-	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
-	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
-	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
-	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
-	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
-	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
-	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
-	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
-	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
-	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
-	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
-	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
-	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
-	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
-	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
-	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
-	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
-	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
-	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
-	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
-	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
-	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
-	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
-	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
-	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
-	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
-	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
-	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
-	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
-	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
-	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
-	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
-	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
-	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
-	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
-	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
-	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
-	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
-	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
-	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1f87,
-	0x1f90, 0x1f97,
-	0x1fa0, 0x1fa7,
-	0x1fb0, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
-	0x210a, 0x210a,
-	0x210e, 0x210f,
-	0x2113, 0x2113,
-	0x212f, 0x212f,
-	0x2134, 0x2134,
-	0x2139, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213d,
-	0x2146, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2184, 0x2184,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
-	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
-	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
-	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
-	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
-	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
-	0x2c71, 0x2c71,
-	0x2c73, 0x2c74,
-	0x2c76, 0x2c7b,
-	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
-	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
-	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
-	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
-	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
-	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
-	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
-	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
-	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
-	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
-	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
-	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
-	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
-	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
-	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
-	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
-	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
-	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
-	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
-	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
-	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
-	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
-	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
-	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
-	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
-	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
-	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
-	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
-	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
-	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
-	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
-	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
-	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
-	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
-	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
-	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
-	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
-	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
-	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
-	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
-	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
-	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
-	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
-	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
-	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
-	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
-	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
-	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
-	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
-	0x2ce3, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
-	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa641, 0xa641,
-	0xa643, 0xa643,
-	0xa645, 0xa645,
-	0xa647, 0xa647,
-	0xa649, 0xa649,
-	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
-	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
-	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
-	0xa651, 0xa651,
-	0xa653, 0xa653,
-	0xa655, 0xa655,
-	0xa657, 0xa657,
-	0xa659, 0xa659,
-	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
-	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
-	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
-	0xa661, 0xa661,
-	0xa663, 0xa663,
-	0xa665, 0xa665,
-	0xa667, 0xa667,
-	0xa669, 0xa669,
-	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
-	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
-	0xa681, 0xa681,
-	0xa683, 0xa683,
-	0xa685, 0xa685,
-	0xa687, 0xa687,
-	0xa689, 0xa689,
-	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
-	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
-	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
-	0xa691, 0xa691,
-	0xa693, 0xa693,
-	0xa695, 0xa695,
-	0xa697, 0xa697,
-	0xa699, 0xa699,
-	0xa69b, 0xa69b,
-	0xa723, 0xa723,
-	0xa725, 0xa725,
-	0xa727, 0xa727,
-	0xa729, 0xa729,
-	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
-	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
-	0xa72f, 0xa731,
-	0xa733, 0xa733,
-	0xa735, 0xa735,
-	0xa737, 0xa737,
-	0xa739, 0xa739,
-	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
-	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
-	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
-	0xa741, 0xa741,
-	0xa743, 0xa743,
-	0xa745, 0xa745,
-	0xa747, 0xa747,
-	0xa749, 0xa749,
-	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
-	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
-	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
-	0xa751, 0xa751,
-	0xa753, 0xa753,
-	0xa755, 0xa755,
-	0xa757, 0xa757,
-	0xa759, 0xa759,
-	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
-	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
-	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
-	0xa761, 0xa761,
-	0xa763, 0xa763,
-	0xa765, 0xa765,
-	0xa767, 0xa767,
-	0xa769, 0xa769,
-	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
-	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
-	0xa76f, 0xa76f,
-	0xa771, 0xa778,
-	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
-	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
-	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
-	0xa781, 0xa781,
-	0xa783, 0xa783,
-	0xa785, 0xa785,
-	0xa787, 0xa787,
-	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
-	0xa78e, 0xa78e,
-	0xa791, 0xa791,
-	0xa793, 0xa795,
-	0xa797, 0xa797,
-	0xa799, 0xa799,
-	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
-	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
-	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
-	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
-	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
-	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
-	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
-	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
-	0xa7af, 0xa7af,
-	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
-	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
-	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
-	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
-	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
-	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
-	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
-	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d5,
-	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
-	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
-	0xa7fa, 0xa7fa,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab60, 0xab68,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10428, 0x1044f,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118c0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1d41a, 0x1d433,
-	0x1d44e, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d467,
-	0x1d482, 0x1d49b,
-	0x1d4b6, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d4cf,
-	0x1d4ea, 0x1d503,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d537,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d56b,
-	0x1d586, 0x1d59f,
-	0x1d5ba, 0x1d5d3,
-	0x1d5ee, 0x1d607,
-	0x1d622, 0x1d63b,
-	0x1d656, 0x1d66f,
-	0x1d68a, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6e1,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d71b,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d755,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d78f,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7c9,
-	0x1d7cb, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
-	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
-}; /* CR_Ll */
-
-/* 'Lm': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lm[] = {
-	69,
-	0x02b0, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0374, 0x0374,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0640, 0x0640,
-	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
-	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x081a, 0x081a,
-	0x0824, 0x0824,
-	0x0828, 0x0828,
-	0x08c9, 0x08c9,
-	0x0971, 0x0971,
-	0x0e46, 0x0e46,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x10fc, 0x10fc,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x1843, 0x1843,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1c78, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
-	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
-	0x1d9b, 0x1dbf,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2c7c, 0x2c7d,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x3005, 0x3005,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x303b, 0x303b,
-	0x309d, 0x309e,
-	0x30fc, 0x30fe,
-	0xa015, 0xa015,
-	0xa4f8, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa60c, 0xa60c,
-	0xa67f, 0xa67f,
-	0xa69c, 0xa69d,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa770, 0xa770,
-	0xa788, 0xa788,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa7f4,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e6, 0xa9e6,
-	0xaa70, 0xaa70,
-	0xaadd, 0xaadd,
-	0xaaf3, 0xaaf4,
-	0xab5c, 0xab5f,
-	0xab69, 0xab69,
-	0xff70, 0xff70,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-}; /* CR_Lm */
-
-/* 'Lo': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lo[] = {
-	501,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x01bb, 0x01bb,
-	0x01c0, 0x01c3,
-	0x0294, 0x0294,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0620, 0x063f,
-	0x0641, 0x064a,
-	0x066e, 0x066f,
-	0x0671, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
-	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
-	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x0710,
-	0x0712, 0x072f,
-	0x074d, 0x07a5,
-	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
-	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
-	0x0800, 0x0815,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c8,
-	0x0904, 0x0939,
-	0x093d, 0x093d,
-	0x0950, 0x0950,
-	0x0958, 0x0961,
-	0x0972, 0x0980,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e1,
-	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
-	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e45,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
-	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
-	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
-	0x1000, 0x102a,
-	0x103f, 0x103f,
-	0x1050, 0x1055,
-	0x105a, 0x105d,
-	0x1061, 0x1061,
-	0x1065, 0x1066,
-	0x106e, 0x1070,
-	0x1075, 0x1081,
-	0x108e, 0x108e,
-	0x1100, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16f1, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1711,
-	0x171f, 0x1731,
-	0x1740, 0x1751,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
-	0x1820, 0x1842,
-	0x1844, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x1884,
-	0x1887, 0x18a8,
-	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1950, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
-	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
-	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
-	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
-	0x1c5a, 0x1c77,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x2135, 0x2138,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x3006, 0x3006,
-	0x303c, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309f, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30ff, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa014,
-	0xa016, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4f7,
-	0xa500, 0xa60b,
-	0xa610, 0xa61f,
-	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
-	0xa66e, 0xa66e,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6e5,
-	0xa78f, 0xa78f,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa7f7,
-	0xa7fb, 0xa801,
-	0xa803, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa80a,
-	0xa80c, 0xa822,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
-	0xa90a, 0xa925,
-	0xa930, 0xa946,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
-	0xa9e7, 0xa9ef,
-	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
-	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa6f,
-	0xaa71, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
-	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
-	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
-	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
-	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadc,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf2,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xabc0, 0xabe2,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
-	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff66, 0xff6f,
-	0xff71, 0xff9d,
-	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x10340,
-	0x10342, 0x10349,
-	0x10350, 0x10375,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x10450, 0x1049d,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
-	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11003, 0x11037,
-	0x11071, 0x11072,
-	0x11075, 0x11075,
-	0x11083, 0x110af,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x11103, 0x11126,
-	0x11144, 0x11144,
-	0x11147, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11183, 0x111b2,
-	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
-	0x111da, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1122b,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112de,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x1135d, 0x11361,
-	0x11400, 0x11434,
-	0x11447, 0x1144a,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114af,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x11580, 0x115ae,
-	0x115d8, 0x115db,
-	0x11600, 0x1162f,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11680, 0x116aa,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1182b,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x1192f,
-	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
-	0x11941, 0x11941,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
-	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
-	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1df0a, 0x1df0a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Lo */
-
-/* 'Lt': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lt[] = {
-	10,
-	0x01c5, 0x01c5,
-	0x01c8, 0x01c8,
-	0x01cb, 0x01cb,
-	0x01f2, 0x01f2,
-	0x1f88, 0x1f8f,
-	0x1f98, 0x1f9f,
-	0x1fa8, 0x1faf,
-	0x1fbc, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fcc, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1ffc, 0x1ffc,
-}; /* CR_Lt */
-
-/* 'Lu': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lu[] = {
-	646,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00de,
-	0x0100, 0x0100,
-	0x0102, 0x0102,
-	0x0104, 0x0104,
-	0x0106, 0x0106,
-	0x0108, 0x0108,
-	0x010a, 0x010a,
-	0x010c, 0x010c,
-	0x010e, 0x010e,
-	0x0110, 0x0110,
-	0x0112, 0x0112,
-	0x0114, 0x0114,
-	0x0116, 0x0116,
-	0x0118, 0x0118,
-	0x011a, 0x011a,
-	0x011c, 0x011c,
-	0x011e, 0x011e,
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-	0xa764, 0xa764,
-	0xa766, 0xa766,
-	0xa768, 0xa768,
-	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
-	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
-	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
-	0xa779, 0xa779,
-	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
-	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
-	0xa780, 0xa780,
-	0xa782, 0xa782,
-	0xa784, 0xa784,
-	0xa786, 0xa786,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
-	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
-	0xa790, 0xa790,
-	0xa792, 0xa792,
-	0xa796, 0xa796,
-	0xa798, 0xa798,
-	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
-	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
-	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
-	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
-	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
-	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
-	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
-	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
-	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
-	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
-	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
-	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
-	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
-	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
-	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
-	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
-	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
-	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0x10400, 0x10427,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d419,
-	0x1d434, 0x1d44d,
-	0x1d468, 0x1d481,
-	0x1d49c, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b5,
-	0x1d4d0, 0x1d4e9,
-	0x1d504, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d538, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d56c, 0x1d585,
-	0x1d5a0, 0x1d5b9,
-	0x1d5d4, 0x1d5ed,
-	0x1d608, 0x1d621,
-	0x1d63c, 0x1d655,
-	0x1d670, 0x1d689,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6e2, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d71c, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d756, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d790, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7ca, 0x1d7ca,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
-}; /* CR_Lu */
-
-/* 'M': Major Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_M[] = {
-	299,
-	0x0300, 0x036f,
-	0x0483, 0x0489,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x064b, 0x065f,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e4,
-	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
-	0x0711, 0x0711,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0816, 0x0819,
-	0x081b, 0x0823,
-	0x0825, 0x0827,
-	0x0829, 0x082d,
-	0x0859, 0x085b,
-	0x0898, 0x089f,
-	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0903,
-	0x093a, 0x093c,
-	0x093e, 0x094f,
-	0x0951, 0x0957,
-	0x0962, 0x0963,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
-	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
-	0x0abe, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
-	0x0b3e, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c04,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
-	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
-	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
-	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x102b, 0x103e,
-	0x1056, 0x1059,
-	0x105e, 0x1060,
-	0x1062, 0x1064,
-	0x1067, 0x106d,
-	0x1071, 0x1074,
-	0x1082, 0x108d,
-	0x108f, 0x108f,
-	0x109a, 0x109d,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1712, 0x1715,
-	0x1732, 0x1734,
-	0x1752, 0x1753,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x17b4, 0x17d3,
-	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x180f,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1a17, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a55, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b04,
-	0x1b34, 0x1b44,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1b82,
-	0x1ba1, 0x1bad,
-	0x1be6, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1c24, 0x1c37,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf7, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x302a, 0x302f,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0xa66f, 0xa672,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
-	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa802, 0xa802,
-	0xa806, 0xa806,
-	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
-	0xa823, 0xa827,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa880, 0xa881,
-	0xa8b4, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
-	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa926, 0xa92d,
-	0xa947, 0xa953,
-	0xa980, 0xa983,
-	0xa9b3, 0xa9c0,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
-	0xaa29, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
-	0xaa4c, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa7b, 0xaa7d,
-	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
-	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
-	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
-	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
-	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
-	0xaaeb, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf5, 0xaaf6,
-	0xabe3, 0xabea,
-	0xabec, 0xabed,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10376, 0x1037a,
-	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
-	0x11000, 0x11002,
-	0x11038, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x11073, 0x11074,
-	0x1107f, 0x11082,
-	0x110b0, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x11100, 0x11102,
-	0x11127, 0x11134,
-	0x11145, 0x11146,
-	0x11173, 0x11173,
-	0x11180, 0x11182,
-	0x111b3, 0x111c0,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111ce, 0x111cf,
-	0x1122c, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x112df, 0x112ea,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
-	0x1133e, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x11362, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11435, 0x11446,
-	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
-	0x114b0, 0x114c3,
-	0x115af, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
-	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
-	0x11630, 0x11640,
-	0x116ab, 0x116b7,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x1182c, 0x1183a,
-	0x11930, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193e,
-	0x11940, 0x11940,
-	0x11942, 0x11943,
-	0x119d1, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e0,
-	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
-	0x11a33, 0x11a39,
-	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a51, 0x11a5b,
-	0x11a8a, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c2f, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d97,
-	0x11ef3, 0x11ef6,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
-	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
-	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
-	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_M */
-
-/* 'Mc': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mc[] = {
-	177,
-	0x0903, 0x0903,
-	0x093b, 0x093b,
-	0x093e, 0x0940,
-	0x0949, 0x094c,
-	0x094e, 0x094f,
-	0x0982, 0x0983,
-	0x09be, 0x09c0,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x0a03, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a40,
-	0x0a83, 0x0a83,
-	0x0abe, 0x0ac0,
-	0x0ac9, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
-	0x0b02, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b3e, 0x0b3e,
-	0x0b40, 0x0b40,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
-	0x0b57, 0x0b57,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bbf,
-	0x0bc1, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c41, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cbe,
-	0x0cc0, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc7, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccb,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d40,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd1,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
-	0x0f7f, 0x0f7f,
-	0x102b, 0x102c,
-	0x1031, 0x1031,
-	0x1038, 0x1038,
-	0x103b, 0x103c,
-	0x1056, 0x1057,
-	0x1062, 0x1064,
-	0x1067, 0x106d,
-	0x1083, 0x1084,
-	0x1087, 0x108c,
-	0x108f, 0x108f,
-	0x109a, 0x109c,
-	0x1715, 0x1715,
-	0x1734, 0x1734,
-	0x17b6, 0x17b6,
-	0x17be, 0x17c5,
-	0x17c7, 0x17c8,
-	0x1923, 0x1926,
-	0x1929, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x1931,
-	0x1933, 0x1938,
-	0x1a19, 0x1a1a,
-	0x1a55, 0x1a55,
-	0x1a57, 0x1a57,
-	0x1a61, 0x1a61,
-	0x1a63, 0x1a64,
-	0x1a6d, 0x1a72,
-	0x1b04, 0x1b04,
-	0x1b35, 0x1b35,
-	0x1b3b, 0x1b3b,
-	0x1b3d, 0x1b41,
-	0x1b43, 0x1b44,
-	0x1b82, 0x1b82,
-	0x1ba1, 0x1ba1,
-	0x1ba6, 0x1ba7,
-	0x1baa, 0x1baa,
-	0x1be7, 0x1be7,
-	0x1bea, 0x1bec,
-	0x1bee, 0x1bee,
-	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1c24, 0x1c2b,
-	0x1c34, 0x1c35,
-	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
-	0x1cf7, 0x1cf7,
-	0x302e, 0x302f,
-	0xa823, 0xa824,
-	0xa827, 0xa827,
-	0xa880, 0xa881,
-	0xa8b4, 0xa8c3,
-	0xa952, 0xa953,
-	0xa983, 0xa983,
-	0xa9b4, 0xa9b5,
-	0xa9ba, 0xa9bb,
-	0xa9be, 0xa9c0,
-	0xaa2f, 0xaa30,
-	0xaa33, 0xaa34,
-	0xaa4d, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa7b, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa7d, 0xaa7d,
-	0xaaeb, 0xaaeb,
-	0xaaee, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf5, 0xaaf5,
-	0xabe3, 0xabe4,
-	0xabe6, 0xabe7,
-	0xabe9, 0xabea,
-	0xabec, 0xabec,
-	0x11000, 0x11000,
-	0x11002, 0x11002,
-	0x11082, 0x11082,
-	0x110b0, 0x110b2,
-	0x110b7, 0x110b8,
-	0x1112c, 0x1112c,
-	0x11145, 0x11146,
-	0x11182, 0x11182,
-	0x111b3, 0x111b5,
-	0x111bf, 0x111c0,
-	0x111ce, 0x111ce,
-	0x1122c, 0x1122e,
-	0x11232, 0x11233,
-	0x11235, 0x11235,
-	0x112e0, 0x112e2,
-	0x11302, 0x11303,
-	0x1133e, 0x1133f,
-	0x11341, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x11362, 0x11363,
-	0x11435, 0x11437,
-	0x11440, 0x11441,
-	0x11445, 0x11445,
-	0x114b0, 0x114b2,
-	0x114b9, 0x114b9,
-	0x114bb, 0x114be,
-	0x114c1, 0x114c1,
-	0x115af, 0x115b1,
-	0x115b8, 0x115bb,
-	0x115be, 0x115be,
-	0x11630, 0x11632,
-	0x1163b, 0x1163c,
-	0x1163e, 0x1163e,
-	0x116ac, 0x116ac,
-	0x116ae, 0x116af,
-	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
-	0x11720, 0x11721,
-	0x11726, 0x11726,
-	0x1182c, 0x1182e,
-	0x11838, 0x11838,
-	0x11930, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193d, 0x1193d,
-	0x11940, 0x11940,
-	0x11942, 0x11942,
-	0x119d1, 0x119d3,
-	0x119dc, 0x119df,
-	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a39, 0x11a39,
-	0x11a57, 0x11a58,
-	0x11a97, 0x11a97,
-	0x11c2f, 0x11c2f,
-	0x11c3e, 0x11c3e,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11ca9,
-	0x11cb1, 0x11cb1,
-	0x11cb4, 0x11cb4,
-	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d94,
-	0x11d96, 0x11d96,
-	0x11ef5, 0x11ef6,
-	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d166,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
-}; /* CR_Mc */
-
-/* 'Me': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Me[] = {
-	5,
-	0x0488, 0x0489,
-	0x1abe, 0x1abe,
-	0x20dd, 0x20e0,
-	0x20e2, 0x20e4,
-	0xa670, 0xa672,
-}; /* CR_Me */
-
-/* 'Mn': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mn[] = {
-	336,
-	0x0300, 0x036f,
-	0x0483, 0x0487,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x064b, 0x065f,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e4,
-	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
-	0x0711, 0x0711,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0816, 0x0819,
-	0x081b, 0x0823,
-	0x0825, 0x0827,
-	0x0829, 0x082d,
-	0x0859, 0x085b,
-	0x0898, 0x089f,
-	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0902,
-	0x093a, 0x093a,
-	0x093c, 0x093c,
-	0x0941, 0x0948,
-	0x094d, 0x094d,
-	0x0951, 0x0957,
-	0x0962, 0x0963,
-	0x0981, 0x0981,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
-	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
-	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
-	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
-	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
-	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
-	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
-	0x0b3f, 0x0b3f,
-	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b56,
-	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
-	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
-	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
-	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
-	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
-	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
-	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
-	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
-	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
-	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x102d, 0x1030,
-	0x1032, 0x1037,
-	0x1039, 0x103a,
-	0x103d, 0x103e,
-	0x1058, 0x1059,
-	0x105e, 0x1060,
-	0x1071, 0x1074,
-	0x1082, 0x1082,
-	0x1085, 0x1086,
-	0x108d, 0x108d,
-	0x109d, 0x109d,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1712, 0x1714,
-	0x1732, 0x1733,
-	0x1752, 0x1753,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
-	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
-	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
-	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
-	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x180f,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
-	0x1920, 0x1922,
-	0x1927, 0x1928,
-	0x1932, 0x1932,
-	0x1939, 0x193b,
-	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
-	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
-	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
-	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
-	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
-	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abd,
-	0x1abf, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
-	0x1b34, 0x1b34,
-	0x1b36, 0x1b3a,
-	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
-	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
-	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
-	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
-	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
-	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
-	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
-	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
-	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
-	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
-	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
-	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
-	0x20e5, 0x20f0,
-	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x302a, 0x302d,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0xa66f, 0xa66f,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
-	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa802, 0xa802,
-	0xa806, 0xa806,
-	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
-	0xa825, 0xa826,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
-	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa926, 0xa92d,
-	0xa947, 0xa951,
-	0xa980, 0xa982,
-	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
-	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
-	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
-	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
-	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
-	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
-	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
-	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
-	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
-	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
-	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
-	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
-	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
-	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
-	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
-	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
-	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
-	0xabed, 0xabed,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10376, 0x1037a,
-	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
-	0x11001, 0x11001,
-	0x11038, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x11073, 0x11074,
-	0x1107f, 0x11081,
-	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
-	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x11100, 0x11102,
-	0x11127, 0x1112b,
-	0x1112d, 0x11134,
-	0x11173, 0x11173,
-	0x11180, 0x11181,
-	0x111b6, 0x111be,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
-	0x1122f, 0x11231,
-	0x11234, 0x11234,
-	0x11236, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x112df, 0x112df,
-	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
-	0x11300, 0x11301,
-	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
-	0x11340, 0x11340,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11438, 0x1143f,
-	0x11442, 0x11444,
-	0x11446, 0x11446,
-	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
-	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
-	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
-	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
-	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
-	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
-	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
-	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
-	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
-	0x11633, 0x1163a,
-	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
-	0x1163f, 0x11640,
-	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
-	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
-	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
-	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
-	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
-	0x11722, 0x11725,
-	0x11727, 0x1172b,
-	0x1182f, 0x11837,
-	0x11839, 0x1183a,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
-	0x11943, 0x11943,
-	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119db,
-	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
-	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
-	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
-	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
-	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
-	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
-	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
-	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
-	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
-	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
-	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
-	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
-	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
-	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Mn */
-
-/* 'N': Major Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_N[] = {
-	134,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x00b2, 0x00b3,
-	0x00b9, 0x00b9,
-	0x00bc, 0x00be,
-	0x0660, 0x0669,
-	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
-	0x07c0, 0x07c9,
-	0x0966, 0x096f,
-	0x09e6, 0x09ef,
-	0x09f4, 0x09f9,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a6f,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
-	0x0b72, 0x0b77,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7e,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d58, 0x0d5e,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d78,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0f20, 0x0f33,
-	0x1040, 0x1049,
-	0x1090, 0x1099,
-	0x1369, 0x137c,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f0,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1946, 0x194f,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
-	0x1bb0, 0x1bb9,
-	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c50, 0x1c59,
-	0x2070, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x2079,
-	0x2080, 0x2089,
-	0x2150, 0x2182,
-	0x2185, 0x2189,
-	0x2460, 0x249b,
-	0x24ea, 0x24ff,
-	0x2776, 0x2793,
-	0x2cfd, 0x2cfd,
-	0x3007, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3038, 0x303a,
-	0x3192, 0x3195,
-	0x3220, 0x3229,
-	0x3248, 0x324f,
-	0x3251, 0x325f,
-	0x3280, 0x3289,
-	0x32b1, 0x32bf,
-	0xa620, 0xa629,
-	0xa6e6, 0xa6ef,
-	0xa830, 0xa835,
-	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa900, 0xa909,
-	0xa9d0, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9f0, 0xa9f9,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10140, 0x10178,
-	0x1018a, 0x1018b,
-	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10341, 0x10341,
-	0x1034a, 0x1034a,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10858, 0x1085f,
-	0x10879, 0x1087f,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108fb, 0x108ff,
-	0x10916, 0x1091b,
-	0x109bc, 0x109bd,
-	0x109c0, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x109ff,
-	0x10a40, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a7d, 0x10a7e,
-	0x10a9d, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10aef,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b5f,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10f1d, 0x10f26,
-	0x10f51, 0x10f54,
-	0x10fc5, 0x10fcb,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11136, 0x1113f,
-	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11450, 0x11459,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11730, 0x1173b,
-	0x118e0, 0x118f2,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11fd4,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16e80, 0x16e96,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8cf,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecab,
-	0x1ecad, 0x1ecaf,
-	0x1ecb1, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed2d,
-	0x1ed2f, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-}; /* CR_N */
-
-/* 'Nd': General Category */
-#define CR_Nd CR_Digit
-
-/* 'Nl': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nl[] = {
-	12,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f0,
-	0x2160, 0x2182,
-	0x2185, 0x2188,
-	0x3007, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3038, 0x303a,
-	0xa6e6, 0xa6ef,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x10341, 0x10341,
-	0x1034a, 0x1034a,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-}; /* CR_Nl */
-
-/* 'No': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_No[] = {
-	71,
-	0x00b2, 0x00b3,
-	0x00b9, 0x00b9,
-	0x00bc, 0x00be,
-	0x09f4, 0x09f9,
-	0x0b72, 0x0b77,
-	0x0bf0, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7e,
-	0x0d58, 0x0d5e,
-	0x0d70, 0x0d78,
-	0x0f2a, 0x0f33,
-	0x1369, 0x137c,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x19da, 0x19da,
-	0x2070, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x2079,
-	0x2080, 0x2089,
-	0x2150, 0x215f,
-	0x2189, 0x2189,
-	0x2460, 0x249b,
-	0x24ea, 0x24ff,
-	0x2776, 0x2793,
-	0x2cfd, 0x2cfd,
-	0x3192, 0x3195,
-	0x3220, 0x3229,
-	0x3248, 0x324f,
-	0x3251, 0x325f,
-	0x3280, 0x3289,
-	0x32b1, 0x32bf,
-	0xa830, 0xa835,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10175, 0x10178,
-	0x1018a, 0x1018b,
-	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10858, 0x1085f,
-	0x10879, 0x1087f,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108fb, 0x108ff,
-	0x10916, 0x1091b,
-	0x109bc, 0x109bd,
-	0x109c0, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x109ff,
-	0x10a40, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a7d, 0x10a7e,
-	0x10a9d, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10aef,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b5f,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10f1d, 0x10f26,
-	0x10f51, 0x10f54,
-	0x10fc5, 0x10fcb,
-	0x11052, 0x11065,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x1173a, 0x1173b,
-	0x118ea, 0x118f2,
-	0x11c5a, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11fd4,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16e80, 0x16e96,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8cf,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecab,
-	0x1ecad, 0x1ecaf,
-	0x1ecb1, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed2d,
-	0x1ed2f, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-}; /* CR_No */
-
-/* 'P': Major Category */
-#define CR_P CR_Punct
-
-/* 'Pc': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pc[] = {
-	6,
-	0x005f, 0x005f,
-	0x203f, 0x2040,
-	0x2054, 0x2054,
-	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
-	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
-	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
-}; /* CR_Pc */
-
-/* 'Pd': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pd[] = {
-	19,
-	0x002d, 0x002d,
-	0x058a, 0x058a,
-	0x05be, 0x05be,
-	0x1400, 0x1400,
-	0x1806, 0x1806,
-	0x2010, 0x2015,
-	0x2e17, 0x2e17,
-	0x2e1a, 0x2e1a,
-	0x2e3a, 0x2e3b,
-	0x2e40, 0x2e40,
-	0x2e5d, 0x2e5d,
-	0x301c, 0x301c,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
-	0xfe31, 0xfe32,
-	0xfe58, 0xfe58,
-	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
-	0xff0d, 0xff0d,
-	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
-}; /* CR_Pd */
-
-/* 'Pe': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pe[] = {
-	76,
-	0x0029, 0x0029,
-	0x005d, 0x005d,
-	0x007d, 0x007d,
-	0x0f3b, 0x0f3b,
-	0x0f3d, 0x0f3d,
-	0x169c, 0x169c,
-	0x2046, 0x2046,
-	0x207e, 0x207e,
-	0x208e, 0x208e,
-	0x2309, 0x2309,
-	0x230b, 0x230b,
-	0x232a, 0x232a,
-	0x2769, 0x2769,
-	0x276b, 0x276b,
-	0x276d, 0x276d,
-	0x276f, 0x276f,
-	0x2771, 0x2771,
-	0x2773, 0x2773,
-	0x2775, 0x2775,
-	0x27c6, 0x27c6,
-	0x27e7, 0x27e7,
-	0x27e9, 0x27e9,
-	0x27eb, 0x27eb,
-	0x27ed, 0x27ed,
-	0x27ef, 0x27ef,
-	0x2984, 0x2984,
-	0x2986, 0x2986,
-	0x2988, 0x2988,
-	0x298a, 0x298a,
-	0x298c, 0x298c,
-	0x298e, 0x298e,
-	0x2990, 0x2990,
-	0x2992, 0x2992,
-	0x2994, 0x2994,
-	0x2996, 0x2996,
-	0x2998, 0x2998,
-	0x29d9, 0x29d9,
-	0x29db, 0x29db,
-	0x29fd, 0x29fd,
-	0x2e23, 0x2e23,
-	0x2e25, 0x2e25,
-	0x2e27, 0x2e27,
-	0x2e29, 0x2e29,
-	0x2e56, 0x2e56,
-	0x2e58, 0x2e58,
-	0x2e5a, 0x2e5a,
-	0x2e5c, 0x2e5c,
-	0x3009, 0x3009,
-	0x300b, 0x300b,
-	0x300d, 0x300d,
-	0x300f, 0x300f,
-	0x3011, 0x3011,
-	0x3015, 0x3015,
-	0x3017, 0x3017,
-	0x3019, 0x3019,
-	0x301b, 0x301b,
-	0x301e, 0x301f,
-	0xfd3e, 0xfd3e,
-	0xfe18, 0xfe18,
-	0xfe36, 0xfe36,
-	0xfe38, 0xfe38,
-	0xfe3a, 0xfe3a,
-	0xfe3c, 0xfe3c,
-	0xfe3e, 0xfe3e,
-	0xfe40, 0xfe40,
-	0xfe42, 0xfe42,
-	0xfe44, 0xfe44,
-	0xfe48, 0xfe48,
-	0xfe5a, 0xfe5a,
-	0xfe5c, 0xfe5c,
-	0xfe5e, 0xfe5e,
-	0xff09, 0xff09,
-	0xff3d, 0xff3d,
-	0xff5d, 0xff5d,
-	0xff60, 0xff60,
-	0xff63, 0xff63,
-}; /* CR_Pe */
-
-/* 'Pf': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pf[] = {
-	10,
-	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
-	0x2019, 0x2019,
-	0x201d, 0x201d,
-	0x203a, 0x203a,
-	0x2e03, 0x2e03,
-	0x2e05, 0x2e05,
-	0x2e0a, 0x2e0a,
-	0x2e0d, 0x2e0d,
-	0x2e1d, 0x2e1d,
-	0x2e21, 0x2e21,
-}; /* CR_Pf */
-
-/* 'Pi': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pi[] = {
-	11,
-	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
-	0x2018, 0x2018,
-	0x201b, 0x201c,
-	0x201f, 0x201f,
-	0x2039, 0x2039,
-	0x2e02, 0x2e02,
-	0x2e04, 0x2e04,
-	0x2e09, 0x2e09,
-	0x2e0c, 0x2e0c,
-	0x2e1c, 0x2e1c,
-	0x2e20, 0x2e20,
-}; /* CR_Pi */
-
-/* 'Po': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Po[] = {
-	185,
-	0x0021, 0x0023,
-	0x0025, 0x0027,
-	0x002a, 0x002a,
-	0x002c, 0x002c,
-	0x002e, 0x002f,
-	0x003a, 0x003b,
-	0x003f, 0x0040,
-	0x005c, 0x005c,
-	0x00a1, 0x00a1,
-	0x00a7, 0x00a7,
-	0x00b6, 0x00b7,
-	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x055a, 0x055f,
-	0x0589, 0x0589,
-	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
-	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
-	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
-	0x05f3, 0x05f4,
-	0x0609, 0x060a,
-	0x060c, 0x060d,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061d, 0x061f,
-	0x066a, 0x066d,
-	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x07f7, 0x07f9,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0964, 0x0965,
-	0x0970, 0x0970,
-	0x09fd, 0x09fd,
-	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
-	0x0af0, 0x0af0,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c77,
-	0x0c84, 0x0c84,
-	0x0df4, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e4f, 0x0e4f,
-	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0f04, 0x0f12,
-	0x0f14, 0x0f14,
-	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
-	0x0fd0, 0x0fd4,
-	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
-	0x104a, 0x104f,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1360, 0x1368,
-	0x166e, 0x166e,
-	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
-	0x1735, 0x1736,
-	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
-	0x17d8, 0x17da,
-	0x1800, 0x1805,
-	0x1807, 0x180a,
-	0x1944, 0x1945,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aa6,
-	0x1aa8, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b5a, 0x1b60,
-	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
-	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
-	0x2016, 0x2017,
-	0x2020, 0x2027,
-	0x2030, 0x2038,
-	0x203b, 0x203e,
-	0x2041, 0x2043,
-	0x2047, 0x2051,
-	0x2053, 0x2053,
-	0x2055, 0x205e,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2cfc,
-	0x2cfe, 0x2cff,
-	0x2d70, 0x2d70,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e01,
-	0x2e06, 0x2e08,
-	0x2e0b, 0x2e0b,
-	0x2e0e, 0x2e16,
-	0x2e18, 0x2e19,
-	0x2e1b, 0x2e1b,
-	0x2e1e, 0x2e1f,
-	0x2e2a, 0x2e2e,
-	0x2e30, 0x2e39,
-	0x2e3c, 0x2e3f,
-	0x2e41, 0x2e41,
-	0x2e43, 0x2e4f,
-	0x2e52, 0x2e54,
-	0x3001, 0x3003,
-	0x303d, 0x303d,
-	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
-	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
-	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
-	0xa673, 0xa673,
-	0xa67e, 0xa67e,
-	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa874, 0xa877,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
-	0xa8f8, 0xa8fa,
-	0xa8fc, 0xa8fc,
-	0xa92e, 0xa92f,
-	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
-	0xa9c1, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
-	0xaade, 0xaadf,
-	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
-	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
-	0xfe10, 0xfe16,
-	0xfe19, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe30,
-	0xfe45, 0xfe46,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe4c,
-	0xfe50, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe57,
-	0xfe5f, 0xfe61,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
-	0xfe6a, 0xfe6b,
-	0xff01, 0xff03,
-	0xff05, 0xff07,
-	0xff0a, 0xff0a,
-	0xff0c, 0xff0c,
-	0xff0e, 0xff0f,
-	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
-	0xff1f, 0xff20,
-	0xff3c, 0xff3c,
-	0xff61, 0xff61,
-	0xff64, 0xff65,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
-	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10857, 0x10857,
-	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a7f, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10af0, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
-	0x11047, 0x1104d,
-	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
-	0x110be, 0x110c1,
-	0x11140, 0x11143,
-	0x11174, 0x11175,
-	0x111c5, 0x111c8,
-	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
-	0x111db, 0x111db,
-	0x111dd, 0x111df,
-	0x11238, 0x1123d,
-	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
-	0x1144b, 0x1144f,
-	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
-	0x114c6, 0x114c6,
-	0x115c1, 0x115d7,
-	0x11641, 0x11643,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x116b9, 0x116b9,
-	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
-	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
-	0x11944, 0x11946,
-	0x119e2, 0x119e2,
-	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
-	0x11a9a, 0x11a9c,
-	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11c41, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c71,
-	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12ff1, 0x12ff2,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b37, 0x16b3b,
-	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
-	0x16e97, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16fe2, 0x16fe2,
-	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
-	0x1da87, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-}; /* CR_Po */
-
-/* 'Ps': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ps[] = {
-	79,
-	0x0028, 0x0028,
-	0x005b, 0x005b,
-	0x007b, 0x007b,
-	0x0f3a, 0x0f3a,
-	0x0f3c, 0x0f3c,
-	0x169b, 0x169b,
-	0x201a, 0x201a,
-	0x201e, 0x201e,
-	0x2045, 0x2045,
-	0x207d, 0x207d,
-	0x208d, 0x208d,
-	0x2308, 0x2308,
-	0x230a, 0x230a,
-	0x2329, 0x2329,
-	0x2768, 0x2768,
-	0x276a, 0x276a,
-	0x276c, 0x276c,
-	0x276e, 0x276e,
-	0x2770, 0x2770,
-	0x2772, 0x2772,
-	0x2774, 0x2774,
-	0x27c5, 0x27c5,
-	0x27e6, 0x27e6,
-	0x27e8, 0x27e8,
-	0x27ea, 0x27ea,
-	0x27ec, 0x27ec,
-	0x27ee, 0x27ee,
-	0x2983, 0x2983,
-	0x2985, 0x2985,
-	0x2987, 0x2987,
-	0x2989, 0x2989,
-	0x298b, 0x298b,
-	0x298d, 0x298d,
-	0x298f, 0x298f,
-	0x2991, 0x2991,
-	0x2993, 0x2993,
-	0x2995, 0x2995,
-	0x2997, 0x2997,
-	0x29d8, 0x29d8,
-	0x29da, 0x29da,
-	0x29fc, 0x29fc,
-	0x2e22, 0x2e22,
-	0x2e24, 0x2e24,
-	0x2e26, 0x2e26,
-	0x2e28, 0x2e28,
-	0x2e42, 0x2e42,
-	0x2e55, 0x2e55,
-	0x2e57, 0x2e57,
-	0x2e59, 0x2e59,
-	0x2e5b, 0x2e5b,
-	0x3008, 0x3008,
-	0x300a, 0x300a,
-	0x300c, 0x300c,
-	0x300e, 0x300e,
-	0x3010, 0x3010,
-	0x3014, 0x3014,
-	0x3016, 0x3016,
-	0x3018, 0x3018,
-	0x301a, 0x301a,
-	0x301d, 0x301d,
-	0xfd3f, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfe17, 0xfe17,
-	0xfe35, 0xfe35,
-	0xfe37, 0xfe37,
-	0xfe39, 0xfe39,
-	0xfe3b, 0xfe3b,
-	0xfe3d, 0xfe3d,
-	0xfe3f, 0xfe3f,
-	0xfe41, 0xfe41,
-	0xfe43, 0xfe43,
-	0xfe47, 0xfe47,
-	0xfe59, 0xfe59,
-	0xfe5b, 0xfe5b,
-	0xfe5d, 0xfe5d,
-	0xff08, 0xff08,
-	0xff3b, 0xff3b,
-	0xff5b, 0xff5b,
-	0xff5f, 0xff5f,
-	0xff62, 0xff62,
-}; /* CR_Ps */
-
-/* 'S': Major Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_S[] = {
-	234,
-	0x0024, 0x0024,
-	0x002b, 0x002b,
-	0x003c, 0x003e,
-	0x005e, 0x005e,
-	0x0060, 0x0060,
-	0x007c, 0x007c,
-	0x007e, 0x007e,
-	0x00a2, 0x00a6,
-	0x00a8, 0x00a9,
-	0x00ac, 0x00ac,
-	0x00ae, 0x00b1,
-	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
-	0x00b8, 0x00b8,
-	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
-	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
-	0x02c2, 0x02c5,
-	0x02d2, 0x02df,
-	0x02e5, 0x02eb,
-	0x02ed, 0x02ed,
-	0x02ef, 0x02ff,
-	0x0375, 0x0375,
-	0x0384, 0x0385,
-	0x03f6, 0x03f6,
-	0x0482, 0x0482,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0606, 0x0608,
-	0x060b, 0x060b,
-	0x060e, 0x060f,
-	0x06de, 0x06de,
-	0x06e9, 0x06e9,
-	0x06fd, 0x06fe,
-	0x07f6, 0x07f6,
-	0x07fe, 0x07ff,
-	0x0888, 0x0888,
-	0x09f2, 0x09f3,
-	0x09fa, 0x09fb,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b70, 0x0b70,
-	0x0bf3, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c7f, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0d4f, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d79,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e3f,
-	0x0f01, 0x0f03,
-	0x0f13, 0x0f13,
-	0x0f15, 0x0f17,
-	0x0f1a, 0x0f1f,
-	0x0f34, 0x0f34,
-	0x0f36, 0x0f36,
-	0x0f38, 0x0f38,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fc5,
-	0x0fc7, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fcf,
-	0x0fd5, 0x0fd8,
-	0x109e, 0x109f,
-	0x1390, 0x1399,
-	0x166d, 0x166d,
-	0x17db, 0x17db,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x19de, 0x19ff,
-	0x1b61, 0x1b6a,
-	0x1b74, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
-	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
-	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
-	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2044, 0x2044,
-	0x2052, 0x2052,
-	0x207a, 0x207c,
-	0x208a, 0x208c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x2100, 0x2101,
-	0x2103, 0x2106,
-	0x2108, 0x2109,
-	0x2114, 0x2114,
-	0x2116, 0x2118,
-	0x211e, 0x2123,
-	0x2125, 0x2125,
-	0x2127, 0x2127,
-	0x2129, 0x2129,
-	0x212e, 0x212e,
-	0x213a, 0x213b,
-	0x2140, 0x2144,
-	0x214a, 0x214d,
-	0x214f, 0x214f,
-	0x218a, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2307,
-	0x230c, 0x2328,
-	0x232b, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x249c, 0x24e9,
-	0x2500, 0x2767,
-	0x2794, 0x27c4,
-	0x27c7, 0x27e5,
-	0x27f0, 0x2982,
-	0x2999, 0x29d7,
-	0x29dc, 0x29fb,
-	0x29fe, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2bff,
-	0x2ce5, 0x2cea,
-	0x2e50, 0x2e51,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3004, 0x3004,
-	0x3012, 0x3013,
-	0x3020, 0x3020,
-	0x3036, 0x3037,
-	0x303e, 0x303f,
-	0x309b, 0x309c,
-	0x3190, 0x3191,
-	0x3196, 0x319f,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x3200, 0x321e,
-	0x322a, 0x3247,
-	0x3250, 0x3250,
-	0x3260, 0x327f,
-	0x328a, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x33ff,
-	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa700, 0xa716,
-	0xa720, 0xa721,
-	0xa789, 0xa78a,
-	0xa828, 0xa82b,
-	0xa836, 0xa839,
-	0xaa77, 0xaa79,
-	0xab5b, 0xab5b,
-	0xab6a, 0xab6b,
-	0xfb29, 0xfb29,
-	0xfbb2, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfd40, 0xfd4f,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdfc, 0xfdff,
-	0xfe62, 0xfe62,
-	0xfe64, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe69, 0xfe69,
-	0xff04, 0xff04,
-	0xff0b, 0xff0b,
-	0xff1c, 0xff1e,
-	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
-	0xff40, 0xff40,
-	0xff5c, 0xff5c,
-	0xff5e, 0xff5e,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfffc, 0xfffd,
-	0x10137, 0x1013f,
-	0x10179, 0x10189,
-	0x1018c, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
-	0x10877, 0x10878,
-	0x10ac8, 0x10ac8,
-	0x1173f, 0x1173f,
-	0x11fd5, 0x11ff1,
-	0x16b3c, 0x16b3f,
-	0x16b45, 0x16b45,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9c,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d164,
-	0x1d16a, 0x1d16c,
-	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
-	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
-	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d241,
-	0x1d245, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d6c1, 0x1d6c1,
-	0x1d6db, 0x1d6db,
-	0x1d6fb, 0x1d6fb,
-	0x1d715, 0x1d715,
-	0x1d735, 0x1d735,
-	0x1d74f, 0x1d74f,
-	0x1d76f, 0x1d76f,
-	0x1d789, 0x1d789,
-	0x1d7a9, 0x1d7a9,
-	0x1d7c3, 0x1d7c3,
-	0x1d800, 0x1d9ff,
-	0x1da37, 0x1da3a,
-	0x1da6d, 0x1da74,
-	0x1da76, 0x1da83,
-	0x1da85, 0x1da86,
-	0x1e14f, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1ecac, 0x1ecac,
-	0x1ecb0, 0x1ecb0,
-	0x1ed2e, 0x1ed2e,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f10d, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-}; /* CR_S */
-
-/* 'Sc': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sc[] = {
-	21,
-	0x0024, 0x0024,
-	0x00a2, 0x00a5,
-	0x058f, 0x058f,
-	0x060b, 0x060b,
-	0x07fe, 0x07ff,
-	0x09f2, 0x09f3,
-	0x09fb, 0x09fb,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0bf9, 0x0bf9,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e3f,
-	0x17db, 0x17db,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0xa838, 0xa838,
-	0xfdfc, 0xfdfc,
-	0xfe69, 0xfe69,
-	0xff04, 0xff04,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe1,
-	0xffe5, 0xffe6,
-	0x11fdd, 0x11fe0,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1ecb0, 0x1ecb0,
-}; /* CR_Sc */
-
-/* 'Sk': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sk[] = {
-	31,
-	0x005e, 0x005e,
-	0x0060, 0x0060,
-	0x00a8, 0x00a8,
-	0x00af, 0x00af,
-	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
-	0x00b8, 0x00b8,
-	0x02c2, 0x02c5,
-	0x02d2, 0x02df,
-	0x02e5, 0x02eb,
-	0x02ed, 0x02ed,
-	0x02ef, 0x02ff,
-	0x0375, 0x0375,
-	0x0384, 0x0385,
-	0x0888, 0x0888,
-	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
-	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
-	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
-	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
-	0x309b, 0x309c,
-	0xa700, 0xa716,
-	0xa720, 0xa721,
-	0xa789, 0xa78a,
-	0xab5b, 0xab5b,
-	0xab6a, 0xab6b,
-	0xfbb2, 0xfbc2,
-	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
-	0xff40, 0xff40,
-	0xffe3, 0xffe3,
-	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
-}; /* CR_Sk */
-
-/* 'Sm': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sm[] = {
-	64,
-	0x002b, 0x002b,
-	0x003c, 0x003e,
-	0x007c, 0x007c,
-	0x007e, 0x007e,
-	0x00ac, 0x00ac,
-	0x00b1, 0x00b1,
-	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
-	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
-	0x03f6, 0x03f6,
-	0x0606, 0x0608,
-	0x2044, 0x2044,
-	0x2052, 0x2052,
-	0x207a, 0x207c,
-	0x208a, 0x208c,
-	0x2118, 0x2118,
-	0x2140, 0x2144,
-	0x214b, 0x214b,
-	0x2190, 0x2194,
-	0x219a, 0x219b,
-	0x21a0, 0x21a0,
-	0x21a3, 0x21a3,
-	0x21a6, 0x21a6,
-	0x21ae, 0x21ae,
-	0x21ce, 0x21cf,
-	0x21d2, 0x21d2,
-	0x21d4, 0x21d4,
-	0x21f4, 0x22ff,
-	0x2320, 0x2321,
-	0x237c, 0x237c,
-	0x239b, 0x23b3,
-	0x23dc, 0x23e1,
-	0x25b7, 0x25b7,
-	0x25c1, 0x25c1,
-	0x25f8, 0x25ff,
-	0x266f, 0x266f,
-	0x27c0, 0x27c4,
-	0x27c7, 0x27e5,
-	0x27f0, 0x27ff,
-	0x2900, 0x2982,
-	0x2999, 0x29d7,
-	0x29dc, 0x29fb,
-	0x29fe, 0x2aff,
-	0x2b30, 0x2b44,
-	0x2b47, 0x2b4c,
-	0xfb29, 0xfb29,
-	0xfe62, 0xfe62,
-	0xfe64, 0xfe66,
-	0xff0b, 0xff0b,
-	0xff1c, 0xff1e,
-	0xff5c, 0xff5c,
-	0xff5e, 0xff5e,
-	0xffe2, 0xffe2,
-	0xffe9, 0xffec,
-	0x1d6c1, 0x1d6c1,
-	0x1d6db, 0x1d6db,
-	0x1d6fb, 0x1d6fb,
-	0x1d715, 0x1d715,
-	0x1d735, 0x1d735,
-	0x1d74f, 0x1d74f,
-	0x1d76f, 0x1d76f,
-	0x1d789, 0x1d789,
-	0x1d7a9, 0x1d7a9,
-	0x1d7c3, 0x1d7c3,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-}; /* CR_Sm */
-
-/* 'So': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_So[] = {
-	186,
-	0x00a6, 0x00a6,
-	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
-	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
-	0x00b0, 0x00b0,
-	0x0482, 0x0482,
-	0x058d, 0x058e,
-	0x060e, 0x060f,
-	0x06de, 0x06de,
-	0x06e9, 0x06e9,
-	0x06fd, 0x06fe,
-	0x07f6, 0x07f6,
-	0x09fa, 0x09fa,
-	0x0b70, 0x0b70,
-	0x0bf3, 0x0bf8,
-	0x0bfa, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c7f, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0d4f, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d79,
-	0x0f01, 0x0f03,
-	0x0f13, 0x0f13,
-	0x0f15, 0x0f17,
-	0x0f1a, 0x0f1f,
-	0x0f34, 0x0f34,
-	0x0f36, 0x0f36,
-	0x0f38, 0x0f38,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fc5,
-	0x0fc7, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fcf,
-	0x0fd5, 0x0fd8,
-	0x109e, 0x109f,
-	0x1390, 0x1399,
-	0x166d, 0x166d,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x19de, 0x19ff,
-	0x1b61, 0x1b6a,
-	0x1b74, 0x1b7c,
-	0x2100, 0x2101,
-	0x2103, 0x2106,
-	0x2108, 0x2109,
-	0x2114, 0x2114,
-	0x2116, 0x2117,
-	0x211e, 0x2123,
-	0x2125, 0x2125,
-	0x2127, 0x2127,
-	0x2129, 0x2129,
-	0x212e, 0x212e,
-	0x213a, 0x213b,
-	0x214a, 0x214a,
-	0x214c, 0x214d,
-	0x214f, 0x214f,
-	0x218a, 0x218b,
-	0x2195, 0x2199,
-	0x219c, 0x219f,
-	0x21a1, 0x21a2,
-	0x21a4, 0x21a5,
-	0x21a7, 0x21ad,
-	0x21af, 0x21cd,
-	0x21d0, 0x21d1,
-	0x21d3, 0x21d3,
-	0x21d5, 0x21f3,
-	0x2300, 0x2307,
-	0x230c, 0x231f,
-	0x2322, 0x2328,
-	0x232b, 0x237b,
-	0x237d, 0x239a,
-	0x23b4, 0x23db,
-	0x23e2, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x249c, 0x24e9,
-	0x2500, 0x25b6,
-	0x25b8, 0x25c0,
-	0x25c2, 0x25f7,
-	0x2600, 0x266e,
-	0x2670, 0x2767,
-	0x2794, 0x27bf,
-	0x2800, 0x28ff,
-	0x2b00, 0x2b2f,
-	0x2b45, 0x2b46,
-	0x2b4d, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2bff,
-	0x2ce5, 0x2cea,
-	0x2e50, 0x2e51,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3004, 0x3004,
-	0x3012, 0x3013,
-	0x3020, 0x3020,
-	0x3036, 0x3037,
-	0x303e, 0x303f,
-	0x3190, 0x3191,
-	0x3196, 0x319f,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x3200, 0x321e,
-	0x322a, 0x3247,
-	0x3250, 0x3250,
-	0x3260, 0x327f,
-	0x328a, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x33ff,
-	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa828, 0xa82b,
-	0xa836, 0xa837,
-	0xa839, 0xa839,
-	0xaa77, 0xaa79,
-	0xfd40, 0xfd4f,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdfd, 0xfdff,
-	0xffe4, 0xffe4,
-	0xffe8, 0xffe8,
-	0xffed, 0xffee,
-	0xfffc, 0xfffd,
-	0x10137, 0x1013f,
-	0x10179, 0x10189,
-	0x1018c, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
-	0x10877, 0x10878,
-	0x10ac8, 0x10ac8,
-	0x1173f, 0x1173f,
-	0x11fd5, 0x11fdc,
-	0x11fe1, 0x11ff1,
-	0x16b3c, 0x16b3f,
-	0x16b45, 0x16b45,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9c,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d164,
-	0x1d16a, 0x1d16c,
-	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
-	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
-	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d241,
-	0x1d245, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d800, 0x1d9ff,
-	0x1da37, 0x1da3a,
-	0x1da6d, 0x1da74,
-	0x1da76, 0x1da83,
-	0x1da85, 0x1da86,
-	0x1e14f, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1ecac, 0x1ecac,
-	0x1ed2e, 0x1ed2e,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f10d, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f3fa,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-}; /* CR_So */
-
-/* 'Z': Major Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Z[] = {
-	8,
-	0x0020, 0x0020,
-	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
-	0x1680, 0x1680,
-	0x2000, 0x200a,
-	0x2028, 0x2029,
-	0x202f, 0x202f,
-	0x205f, 0x205f,
-	0x3000, 0x3000,
-}; /* CR_Z */
-
-/* 'Zl': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zl[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2028, 0x2028,
-}; /* CR_Zl */
-
-/* 'Zp': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zp[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2029, 0x2029,
-}; /* CR_Zp */
-
-/* 'Zs': General Category */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zs[] = {
-	7,
-	0x0020, 0x0020,
-	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
-	0x1680, 0x1680,
-	0x2000, 0x200a,
-	0x202f, 0x202f,
-	0x205f, 0x205f,
-	0x3000, 0x3000,
-}; /* CR_Zs */
-
-/* 'Math': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Math[] = {
-	138,
-	0x002b, 0x002b,
-	0x003c, 0x003e,
-	0x005e, 0x005e,
-	0x007c, 0x007c,
-	0x007e, 0x007e,
-	0x00ac, 0x00ac,
-	0x00b1, 0x00b1,
-	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
-	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d2,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d5,
-	0x03f0, 0x03f1,
-	0x03f4, 0x03f6,
-	0x0606, 0x0608,
-	0x2016, 0x2016,
-	0x2032, 0x2034,
-	0x2040, 0x2040,
-	0x2044, 0x2044,
-	0x2052, 0x2052,
-	0x2061, 0x2064,
-	0x207a, 0x207e,
-	0x208a, 0x208e,
-	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
-	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
-	0x20e5, 0x20e6,
-	0x20eb, 0x20ef,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2118, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2128, 0x2129,
-	0x212c, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2131,
-	0x2133, 0x2138,
-	0x213c, 0x2149,
-	0x214b, 0x214b,
-	0x2190, 0x21a7,
-	0x21a9, 0x21ae,
-	0x21b0, 0x21b1,
-	0x21b6, 0x21b7,
-	0x21bc, 0x21db,
-	0x21dd, 0x21dd,
-	0x21e4, 0x21e5,
-	0x21f4, 0x22ff,
-	0x2308, 0x230b,
-	0x2320, 0x2321,
-	0x237c, 0x237c,
-	0x239b, 0x23b5,
-	0x23b7, 0x23b7,
-	0x23d0, 0x23d0,
-	0x23dc, 0x23e2,
-	0x25a0, 0x25a1,
-	0x25ae, 0x25b7,
-	0x25bc, 0x25c1,
-	0x25c6, 0x25c7,
-	0x25ca, 0x25cb,
-	0x25cf, 0x25d3,
-	0x25e2, 0x25e2,
-	0x25e4, 0x25e4,
-	0x25e7, 0x25ec,
-	0x25f8, 0x25ff,
-	0x2605, 0x2606,
-	0x2640, 0x2640,
-	0x2642, 0x2642,
-	0x2660, 0x2663,
-	0x266d, 0x266f,
-	0x27c0, 0x27ff,
-	0x2900, 0x2aff,
-	0x2b30, 0x2b44,
-	0x2b47, 0x2b4c,
-	0xfb29, 0xfb29,
-	0xfe61, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
-	0xff0b, 0xff0b,
-	0xff1c, 0xff1e,
-	0xff3c, 0xff3c,
-	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
-	0xff5c, 0xff5c,
-	0xff5e, 0xff5e,
-	0xffe2, 0xffe2,
-	0xffe9, 0xffec,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-}; /* CR_Math */
-
-/* 'Alphabetic': Derived Property */
-#define CR_Alphabetic CR_Alpha
-
-/* 'Lowercase': Derived Property */
-#define CR_Lowercase CR_Lower
-
-/* 'Uppercase': Derived Property */
-#define CR_Uppercase CR_Upper
-
-/* 'Cased': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cased[] = {
-	151,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x01ba,
-	0x01bc, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c4, 0x0293,
-	0x0295, 0x02b8,
-	0x02c0, 0x02c1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0370, 0x0373,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2134,
-	0x2139, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x217f,
-	0x2183, 0x2184,
-	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa640, 0xa66d,
-	0xa680, 0xa69d,
-	0xa722, 0xa787,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f6,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa7fa,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab68,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10400, 0x1044f,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
-	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-}; /* CR_Cased */
-
-/* 'Case_Ignorable': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Case_Ignorable[] = {
-	427,
-	0x0027, 0x0027,
-	0x002e, 0x002e,
-	0x003a, 0x003a,
-	0x005e, 0x005e,
-	0x0060, 0x0060,
-	0x00a8, 0x00a8,
-	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
-	0x00af, 0x00af,
-	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
-	0x00b7, 0x00b8,
-	0x02b0, 0x036f,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x0384, 0x0385,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x0483, 0x0489,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x055f, 0x055f,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x05f4, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0605,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x061c, 0x061c,
-	0x0640, 0x0640,
-	0x064b, 0x065f,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x06d6, 0x06dd,
-	0x06df, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
-	0x070f, 0x070f,
-	0x0711, 0x0711,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x07eb, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0816, 0x082d,
-	0x0859, 0x085b,
-	0x0888, 0x0888,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x0898, 0x089f,
-	0x08c9, 0x0902,
-	0x093a, 0x093a,
-	0x093c, 0x093c,
-	0x0941, 0x0948,
-	0x094d, 0x094d,
-	0x0951, 0x0957,
-	0x0962, 0x0963,
-	0x0971, 0x0971,
-	0x0981, 0x0981,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
-	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
-	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
-	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
-	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
-	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
-	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
-	0x0b3f, 0x0b3f,
-	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b56,
-	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
-	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
-	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
-	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
-	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
-	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
-	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e46, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
-	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
-	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
-	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x102d, 0x1030,
-	0x1032, 0x1037,
-	0x1039, 0x103a,
-	0x103d, 0x103e,
-	0x1058, 0x1059,
-	0x105e, 0x1060,
-	0x1071, 0x1074,
-	0x1082, 0x1082,
-	0x1085, 0x1086,
-	0x108d, 0x108d,
-	0x109d, 0x109d,
-	0x10fc, 0x10fc,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1712, 0x1714,
-	0x1732, 0x1733,
-	0x1752, 0x1753,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
-	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
-	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
-	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
-	0x180b, 0x180f,
-	0x1843, 0x1843,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
-	0x1920, 0x1922,
-	0x1927, 0x1928,
-	0x1932, 0x1932,
-	0x1939, 0x193b,
-	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
-	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
-	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
-	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
-	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
-	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
-	0x1b34, 0x1b34,
-	0x1b36, 0x1b3a,
-	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
-	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
-	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
-	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
-	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
-	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
-	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
-	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
-	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c78, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
-	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
-	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
-	0x1d9b, 0x1dff,
-	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
-	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
-	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
-	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
-	0x200b, 0x200f,
-	0x2018, 0x2019,
-	0x2024, 0x2024,
-	0x2027, 0x2027,
-	0x202a, 0x202e,
-	0x2060, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x206f,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2c7c, 0x2c7d,
-	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x3005, 0x3005,
-	0x302a, 0x302d,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x303b, 0x303b,
-	0x3099, 0x309e,
-	0x30fc, 0x30fe,
-	0xa015, 0xa015,
-	0xa4f8, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa60c, 0xa60c,
-	0xa66f, 0xa672,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa67f, 0xa67f,
-	0xa69c, 0xa69f,
-	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa700, 0xa721,
-	0xa770, 0xa770,
-	0xa788, 0xa78a,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa7f4,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
-	0xa802, 0xa802,
-	0xa806, 0xa806,
-	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
-	0xa825, 0xa826,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
-	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa926, 0xa92d,
-	0xa947, 0xa951,
-	0xa980, 0xa982,
-	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
-	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
-	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e6,
-	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
-	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
-	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
-	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
-	0xaa70, 0xaa70,
-	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
-	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
-	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
-	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
-	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
-	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
-	0xaadd, 0xaadd,
-	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
-	0xaaf3, 0xaaf4,
-	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab5b, 0xab5f,
-	0xab69, 0xab6b,
-	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
-	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
-	0xabed, 0xabed,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0xfbb2, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe13, 0xfe13,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xfe52, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe55, 0xfe55,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff07, 0xff07,
-	0xff0e, 0xff0e,
-	0xff1a, 0xff1a,
-	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
-	0xff40, 0xff40,
-	0xff70, 0xff70,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0xffe3, 0xffe3,
-	0xfff9, 0xfffb,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10376, 0x1037a,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
-	0x11001, 0x11001,
-	0x11038, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x11073, 0x11074,
-	0x1107f, 0x11081,
-	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
-	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
-	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x11100, 0x11102,
-	0x11127, 0x1112b,
-	0x1112d, 0x11134,
-	0x11173, 0x11173,
-	0x11180, 0x11181,
-	0x111b6, 0x111be,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
-	0x1122f, 0x11231,
-	0x11234, 0x11234,
-	0x11236, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x112df, 0x112df,
-	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
-	0x11300, 0x11301,
-	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
-	0x11340, 0x11340,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11438, 0x1143f,
-	0x11442, 0x11444,
-	0x11446, 0x11446,
-	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
-	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
-	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
-	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
-	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
-	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
-	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
-	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
-	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
-	0x11633, 0x1163a,
-	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
-	0x1163f, 0x11640,
-	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
-	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
-	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
-	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
-	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
-	0x11722, 0x11725,
-	0x11727, 0x1172b,
-	0x1182f, 0x11837,
-	0x11839, 0x1183a,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
-	0x11943, 0x11943,
-	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119db,
-	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
-	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
-	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
-	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
-	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
-	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
-	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
-	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
-	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
-	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
-	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
-	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d173, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Case_Ignorable */
-
-/* 'Changes_When_Lowercased': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Lowercased[] = {
-	609,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00de,
-	0x0100, 0x0100,
-	0x0102, 0x0102,
-	0x0104, 0x0104,
-	0x0106, 0x0106,
-	0x0108, 0x0108,
-	0x010a, 0x010a,
-	0x010c, 0x010c,
-	0x010e, 0x010e,
-	0x0110, 0x0110,
-	0x0112, 0x0112,
-	0x0114, 0x0114,
-	0x0116, 0x0116,
-	0x0118, 0x0118,
-	0x011a, 0x011a,
-	0x011c, 0x011c,
-	0x011e, 0x011e,
-	0x0120, 0x0120,
-	0x0122, 0x0122,
-	0x0124, 0x0124,
-	0x0126, 0x0126,
-	0x0128, 0x0128,
-	0x012a, 0x012a,
-	0x012c, 0x012c,
-	0x012e, 0x012e,
-	0x0130, 0x0130,
-	0x0132, 0x0132,
-	0x0134, 0x0134,
-	0x0136, 0x0136,
-	0x0139, 0x0139,
-	0x013b, 0x013b,
-	0x013d, 0x013d,
-	0x013f, 0x013f,
-	0x0141, 0x0141,
-	0x0143, 0x0143,
-	0x0145, 0x0145,
-	0x0147, 0x0147,
-	0x014a, 0x014a,
-	0x014c, 0x014c,
-	0x014e, 0x014e,
-	0x0150, 0x0150,
-	0x0152, 0x0152,
-	0x0154, 0x0154,
-	0x0156, 0x0156,
-	0x0158, 0x0158,
-	0x015a, 0x015a,
-	0x015c, 0x015c,
-	0x015e, 0x015e,
-	0x0160, 0x0160,
-	0x0162, 0x0162,
-	0x0164, 0x0164,
-	0x0166, 0x0166,
-	0x0168, 0x0168,
-	0x016a, 0x016a,
-	0x016c, 0x016c,
-	0x016e, 0x016e,
-	0x0170, 0x0170,
-	0x0172, 0x0172,
-	0x0174, 0x0174,
-	0x0176, 0x0176,
-	0x0178, 0x0179,
-	0x017b, 0x017b,
-	0x017d, 0x017d,
-	0x0181, 0x0182,
-	0x0184, 0x0184,
-	0x0186, 0x0187,
-	0x0189, 0x018b,
-	0x018e, 0x0191,
-	0x0193, 0x0194,
-	0x0196, 0x0198,
-	0x019c, 0x019d,
-	0x019f, 0x01a0,
-	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
-	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
-	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
-	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
-	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
-	0x01ae, 0x01af,
-	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
-	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
-	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
-	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
-	0x01c4, 0x01c5,
-	0x01c7, 0x01c8,
-	0x01ca, 0x01cb,
-	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
-	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
-	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
-	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
-	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
-	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
-	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
-	0x01db, 0x01db,
-	0x01de, 0x01de,
-	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
-	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
-	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
-	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
-	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
-	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
-	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
-	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
-	0x01f1, 0x01f2,
-	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
-	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
-	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
-	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
-	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
-	0x0200, 0x0200,
-	0x0202, 0x0202,
-	0x0204, 0x0204,
-	0x0206, 0x0206,
-	0x0208, 0x0208,
-	0x020a, 0x020a,
-	0x020c, 0x020c,
-	0x020e, 0x020e,
-	0x0210, 0x0210,
-	0x0212, 0x0212,
-	0x0214, 0x0214,
-	0x0216, 0x0216,
-	0x0218, 0x0218,
-	0x021a, 0x021a,
-	0x021c, 0x021c,
-	0x021e, 0x021e,
-	0x0220, 0x0220,
-	0x0222, 0x0222,
-	0x0224, 0x0224,
-	0x0226, 0x0226,
-	0x0228, 0x0228,
-	0x022a, 0x022a,
-	0x022c, 0x022c,
-	0x022e, 0x022e,
-	0x0230, 0x0230,
-	0x0232, 0x0232,
-	0x023a, 0x023b,
-	0x023d, 0x023e,
-	0x0241, 0x0241,
-	0x0243, 0x0246,
-	0x0248, 0x0248,
-	0x024a, 0x024a,
-	0x024c, 0x024c,
-	0x024e, 0x024e,
-	0x0370, 0x0370,
-	0x0372, 0x0372,
-	0x0376, 0x0376,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x038f,
-	0x0391, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
-	0x03cf, 0x03cf,
-	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
-	0x03da, 0x03da,
-	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
-	0x03de, 0x03de,
-	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
-	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
-	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
-	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
-	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
-	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
-	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
-	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
-	0x03f4, 0x03f4,
-	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
-	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
-	0x03fd, 0x042f,
-	0x0460, 0x0460,
-	0x0462, 0x0462,
-	0x0464, 0x0464,
-	0x0466, 0x0466,
-	0x0468, 0x0468,
-	0x046a, 0x046a,
-	0x046c, 0x046c,
-	0x046e, 0x046e,
-	0x0470, 0x0470,
-	0x0472, 0x0472,
-	0x0474, 0x0474,
-	0x0476, 0x0476,
-	0x0478, 0x0478,
-	0x047a, 0x047a,
-	0x047c, 0x047c,
-	0x047e, 0x047e,
-	0x0480, 0x0480,
-	0x048a, 0x048a,
-	0x048c, 0x048c,
-	0x048e, 0x048e,
-	0x0490, 0x0490,
-	0x0492, 0x0492,
-	0x0494, 0x0494,
-	0x0496, 0x0496,
-	0x0498, 0x0498,
-	0x049a, 0x049a,
-	0x049c, 0x049c,
-	0x049e, 0x049e,
-	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
-	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
-	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
-	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
-	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
-	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
-	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
-	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
-	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
-	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
-	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
-	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
-	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
-	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
-	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
-	0x04be, 0x04be,
-	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
-	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
-	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
-	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
-	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
-	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
-	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
-	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
-	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
-	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
-	0x04da, 0x04da,
-	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
-	0x04de, 0x04de,
-	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
-	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
-	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
-	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
-	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
-	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
-	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
-	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
-	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
-	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
-	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
-	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
-	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
-	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
-	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
-	0x0500, 0x0500,
-	0x0502, 0x0502,
-	0x0504, 0x0504,
-	0x0506, 0x0506,
-	0x0508, 0x0508,
-	0x050a, 0x050a,
-	0x050c, 0x050c,
-	0x050e, 0x050e,
-	0x0510, 0x0510,
-	0x0512, 0x0512,
-	0x0514, 0x0514,
-	0x0516, 0x0516,
-	0x0518, 0x0518,
-	0x051a, 0x051a,
-	0x051c, 0x051c,
-	0x051e, 0x051e,
-	0x0520, 0x0520,
-	0x0522, 0x0522,
-	0x0524, 0x0524,
-	0x0526, 0x0526,
-	0x0528, 0x0528,
-	0x052a, 0x052a,
-	0x052c, 0x052c,
-	0x052e, 0x052e,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
-	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
-	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
-	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
-	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
-	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
-	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
-	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
-	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
-	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
-	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
-	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
-	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
-	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
-	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
-	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
-	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
-	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
-	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
-	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
-	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
-	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
-	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
-	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
-	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
-	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
-	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
-	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
-	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
-	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
-	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
-	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
-	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
-	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
-	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
-	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
-	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
-	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
-	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
-	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
-	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
-	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
-	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
-	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
-	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
-	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
-	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
-	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
-	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
-	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
-	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
-	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
-	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
-	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
-	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
-	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
-	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
-	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
-	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
-	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
-	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
-	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
-	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
-	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
-	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
-	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
-	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
-	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
-	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
-	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
-	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
-	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
-	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
-	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
-	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
-	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
-	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
-	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
-	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
-	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
-	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
-	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
-	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
-	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
-	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
-	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
-	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
-	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
-	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
-	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
-	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
-	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
-	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
-	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
-	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
-	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
-	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
-	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
-	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
-	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
-	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
-	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
-	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
-	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
-	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
-	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
-	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
-	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
-	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
-	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
-	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
-	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
-	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
-	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
-	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
-	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
-	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
-	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
-	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
-	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
-	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
-	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
-	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
-	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
-	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
-	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
-	0x1f88, 0x1f8f,
-	0x1f98, 0x1f9f,
-	0x1fa8, 0x1faf,
-	0x1fb8, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fc8, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff8, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x212a, 0x212b,
-	0x2132, 0x2132,
-	0x2160, 0x216f,
-	0x2183, 0x2183,
-	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
-	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
-	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
-	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
-	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
-	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
-	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
-	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
-	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
-	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
-	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
-	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
-	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
-	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
-	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
-	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
-	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
-	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
-	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
-	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
-	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
-	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
-	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
-	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
-	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
-	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
-	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
-	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
-	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
-	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
-	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
-	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
-	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
-	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
-	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
-	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
-	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
-	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
-	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
-	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
-	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
-	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
-	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
-	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
-	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
-	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
-	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
-	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
-	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
-	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
-	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
-	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
-	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
-	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
-	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
-	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
-	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
-	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
-	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
-	0xa640, 0xa640,
-	0xa642, 0xa642,
-	0xa644, 0xa644,
-	0xa646, 0xa646,
-	0xa648, 0xa648,
-	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
-	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
-	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
-	0xa650, 0xa650,
-	0xa652, 0xa652,
-	0xa654, 0xa654,
-	0xa656, 0xa656,
-	0xa658, 0xa658,
-	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
-	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
-	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
-	0xa660, 0xa660,
-	0xa662, 0xa662,
-	0xa664, 0xa664,
-	0xa666, 0xa666,
-	0xa668, 0xa668,
-	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
-	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
-	0xa680, 0xa680,
-	0xa682, 0xa682,
-	0xa684, 0xa684,
-	0xa686, 0xa686,
-	0xa688, 0xa688,
-	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
-	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
-	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
-	0xa690, 0xa690,
-	0xa692, 0xa692,
-	0xa694, 0xa694,
-	0xa696, 0xa696,
-	0xa698, 0xa698,
-	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
-	0xa722, 0xa722,
-	0xa724, 0xa724,
-	0xa726, 0xa726,
-	0xa728, 0xa728,
-	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
-	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
-	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
-	0xa732, 0xa732,
-	0xa734, 0xa734,
-	0xa736, 0xa736,
-	0xa738, 0xa738,
-	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
-	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
-	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
-	0xa740, 0xa740,
-	0xa742, 0xa742,
-	0xa744, 0xa744,
-	0xa746, 0xa746,
-	0xa748, 0xa748,
-	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
-	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
-	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
-	0xa750, 0xa750,
-	0xa752, 0xa752,
-	0xa754, 0xa754,
-	0xa756, 0xa756,
-	0xa758, 0xa758,
-	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
-	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
-	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
-	0xa760, 0xa760,
-	0xa762, 0xa762,
-	0xa764, 0xa764,
-	0xa766, 0xa766,
-	0xa768, 0xa768,
-	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
-	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
-	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
-	0xa779, 0xa779,
-	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
-	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
-	0xa780, 0xa780,
-	0xa782, 0xa782,
-	0xa784, 0xa784,
-	0xa786, 0xa786,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
-	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
-	0xa790, 0xa790,
-	0xa792, 0xa792,
-	0xa796, 0xa796,
-	0xa798, 0xa798,
-	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
-	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
-	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
-	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
-	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
-	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
-	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
-	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
-	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
-	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
-	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
-	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
-	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
-	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
-	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
-	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
-	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
-	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0x10400, 0x10427,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
-}; /* CR_Changes_When_Lowercased */
-
-/* 'Changes_When_Uppercased': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Uppercased[] = {
-	627,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00df, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
-	0x0101, 0x0101,
-	0x0103, 0x0103,
-	0x0105, 0x0105,
-	0x0107, 0x0107,
-	0x0109, 0x0109,
-	0x010b, 0x010b,
-	0x010d, 0x010d,
-	0x010f, 0x010f,
-	0x0111, 0x0111,
-	0x0113, 0x0113,
-	0x0115, 0x0115,
-	0x0117, 0x0117,
-	0x0119, 0x0119,
-	0x011b, 0x011b,
-	0x011d, 0x011d,
-	0x011f, 0x011f,
-	0x0121, 0x0121,
-	0x0123, 0x0123,
-	0x0125, 0x0125,
-	0x0127, 0x0127,
-	0x0129, 0x0129,
-	0x012b, 0x012b,
-	0x012d, 0x012d,
-	0x012f, 0x012f,
-	0x0131, 0x0131,
-	0x0133, 0x0133,
-	0x0135, 0x0135,
-	0x0137, 0x0137,
-	0x013a, 0x013a,
-	0x013c, 0x013c,
-	0x013e, 0x013e,
-	0x0140, 0x0140,
-	0x0142, 0x0142,
-	0x0144, 0x0144,
-	0x0146, 0x0146,
-	0x0148, 0x0149,
-	0x014b, 0x014b,
-	0x014d, 0x014d,
-	0x014f, 0x014f,
-	0x0151, 0x0151,
-	0x0153, 0x0153,
-	0x0155, 0x0155,
-	0x0157, 0x0157,
-	0x0159, 0x0159,
-	0x015b, 0x015b,
-	0x015d, 0x015d,
-	0x015f, 0x015f,
-	0x0161, 0x0161,
-	0x0163, 0x0163,
-	0x0165, 0x0165,
-	0x0167, 0x0167,
-	0x0169, 0x0169,
-	0x016b, 0x016b,
-	0x016d, 0x016d,
-	0x016f, 0x016f,
-	0x0171, 0x0171,
-	0x0173, 0x0173,
-	0x0175, 0x0175,
-	0x0177, 0x0177,
-	0x017a, 0x017a,
-	0x017c, 0x017c,
-	0x017e, 0x0180,
-	0x0183, 0x0183,
-	0x0185, 0x0185,
-	0x0188, 0x0188,
-	0x018c, 0x018c,
-	0x0192, 0x0192,
-	0x0195, 0x0195,
-	0x0199, 0x019a,
-	0x019e, 0x019e,
-	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
-	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
-	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
-	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
-	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
-	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
-	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
-	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
-	0x01b9, 0x01b9,
-	0x01bd, 0x01bd,
-	0x01bf, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c5, 0x01c6,
-	0x01c8, 0x01c9,
-	0x01cb, 0x01cc,
-	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
-	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
-	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
-	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
-	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
-	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
-	0x01da, 0x01da,
-	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
-	0x01df, 0x01df,
-	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
-	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
-	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
-	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
-	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
-	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
-	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
-	0x01ef, 0x01f0,
-	0x01f2, 0x01f3,
-	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
-	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
-	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
-	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
-	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
-	0x0201, 0x0201,
-	0x0203, 0x0203,
-	0x0205, 0x0205,
-	0x0207, 0x0207,
-	0x0209, 0x0209,
-	0x020b, 0x020b,
-	0x020d, 0x020d,
-	0x020f, 0x020f,
-	0x0211, 0x0211,
-	0x0213, 0x0213,
-	0x0215, 0x0215,
-	0x0217, 0x0217,
-	0x0219, 0x0219,
-	0x021b, 0x021b,
-	0x021d, 0x021d,
-	0x021f, 0x021f,
-	0x0223, 0x0223,
-	0x0225, 0x0225,
-	0x0227, 0x0227,
-	0x0229, 0x0229,
-	0x022b, 0x022b,
-	0x022d, 0x022d,
-	0x022f, 0x022f,
-	0x0231, 0x0231,
-	0x0233, 0x0233,
-	0x023c, 0x023c,
-	0x023f, 0x0240,
-	0x0242, 0x0242,
-	0x0247, 0x0247,
-	0x0249, 0x0249,
-	0x024b, 0x024b,
-	0x024d, 0x024d,
-	0x024f, 0x0254,
-	0x0256, 0x0257,
-	0x0259, 0x0259,
-	0x025b, 0x025c,
-	0x0260, 0x0261,
-	0x0263, 0x0263,
-	0x0265, 0x0266,
-	0x0268, 0x026c,
-	0x026f, 0x026f,
-	0x0271, 0x0272,
-	0x0275, 0x0275,
-	0x027d, 0x027d,
-	0x0280, 0x0280,
-	0x0282, 0x0283,
-	0x0287, 0x028c,
-	0x0292, 0x0292,
-	0x029d, 0x029e,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0371, 0x0371,
-	0x0373, 0x0373,
-	0x0377, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x0390, 0x0390,
-	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
-	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
-	0x03db, 0x03db,
-	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
-	0x03df, 0x03df,
-	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
-	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
-	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
-	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
-	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
-	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
-	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
-	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
-	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
-	0x03fb, 0x03fb,
-	0x0430, 0x045f,
-	0x0461, 0x0461,
-	0x0463, 0x0463,
-	0x0465, 0x0465,
-	0x0467, 0x0467,
-	0x0469, 0x0469,
-	0x046b, 0x046b,
-	0x046d, 0x046d,
-	0x046f, 0x046f,
-	0x0471, 0x0471,
-	0x0473, 0x0473,
-	0x0475, 0x0475,
-	0x0477, 0x0477,
-	0x0479, 0x0479,
-	0x047b, 0x047b,
-	0x047d, 0x047d,
-	0x047f, 0x047f,
-	0x0481, 0x0481,
-	0x048b, 0x048b,
-	0x048d, 0x048d,
-	0x048f, 0x048f,
-	0x0491, 0x0491,
-	0x0493, 0x0493,
-	0x0495, 0x0495,
-	0x0497, 0x0497,
-	0x0499, 0x0499,
-	0x049b, 0x049b,
-	0x049d, 0x049d,
-	0x049f, 0x049f,
-	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
-	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
-	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
-	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
-	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
-	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
-	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
-	0x04af, 0x04af,
-	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
-	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
-	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
-	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
-	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
-	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
-	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
-	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
-	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
-	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
-	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
-	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
-	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
-	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
-	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
-	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
-	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
-	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
-	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
-	0x04db, 0x04db,
-	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
-	0x04df, 0x04df,
-	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
-	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
-	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
-	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
-	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
-	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
-	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
-	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
-	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
-	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
-	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
-	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
-	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
-	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
-	0x0501, 0x0501,
-	0x0503, 0x0503,
-	0x0505, 0x0505,
-	0x0507, 0x0507,
-	0x0509, 0x0509,
-	0x050b, 0x050b,
-	0x050d, 0x050d,
-	0x050f, 0x050f,
-	0x0511, 0x0511,
-	0x0513, 0x0513,
-	0x0515, 0x0515,
-	0x0517, 0x0517,
-	0x0519, 0x0519,
-	0x051b, 0x051b,
-	0x051d, 0x051d,
-	0x051f, 0x051f,
-	0x0521, 0x0521,
-	0x0523, 0x0523,
-	0x0525, 0x0525,
-	0x0527, 0x0527,
-	0x0529, 0x0529,
-	0x052b, 0x052b,
-	0x052d, 0x052d,
-	0x052f, 0x052f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1d79, 0x1d79,
-	0x1d7d, 0x1d7d,
-	0x1d8e, 0x1d8e,
-	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
-	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
-	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
-	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
-	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
-	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
-	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
-	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
-	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
-	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
-	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
-	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
-	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
-	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
-	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
-	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
-	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
-	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
-	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
-	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
-	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
-	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
-	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
-	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
-	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
-	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
-	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
-	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
-	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
-	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
-	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
-	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
-	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
-	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
-	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
-	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
-	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
-	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
-	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
-	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
-	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
-	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
-	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
-	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
-	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
-	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
-	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
-	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
-	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
-	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
-	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
-	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
-	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
-	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
-	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
-	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
-	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
-	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
-	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
-	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
-	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
-	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
-	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
-	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
-	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
-	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
-	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
-	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
-	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
-	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
-	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
-	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
-	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
-	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
-	0x1e95, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
-	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
-	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
-	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
-	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
-	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
-	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
-	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
-	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
-	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
-	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
-	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
-	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
-	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
-	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
-	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
-	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
-	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
-	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
-	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
-	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
-	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
-	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
-	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
-	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
-	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
-	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
-	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
-	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
-	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
-	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
-	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
-	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
-	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
-	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
-	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
-	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
-	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
-	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
-	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
-	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
-	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
-	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
-	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
-	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
-	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
-	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
-	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
-	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
-	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
-	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
-	0x1fbc, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
-	0x1fcc, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
-	0x1ffc, 0x1ffc,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2170, 0x217f,
-	0x2184, 0x2184,
-	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
-	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
-	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
-	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
-	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
-	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
-	0x2c73, 0x2c73,
-	0x2c76, 0x2c76,
-	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
-	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
-	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
-	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
-	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
-	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
-	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
-	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
-	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
-	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
-	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
-	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
-	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
-	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
-	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
-	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
-	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
-	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
-	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
-	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
-	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
-	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
-	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
-	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
-	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
-	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
-	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
-	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
-	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
-	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
-	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
-	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
-	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
-	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
-	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
-	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
-	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
-	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
-	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
-	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
-	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
-	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
-	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
-	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
-	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
-	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
-	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
-	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
-	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
-	0x2ce3, 0x2ce3,
-	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
-	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa641, 0xa641,
-	0xa643, 0xa643,
-	0xa645, 0xa645,
-	0xa647, 0xa647,
-	0xa649, 0xa649,
-	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
-	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
-	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
-	0xa651, 0xa651,
-	0xa653, 0xa653,
-	0xa655, 0xa655,
-	0xa657, 0xa657,
-	0xa659, 0xa659,
-	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
-	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
-	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
-	0xa661, 0xa661,
-	0xa663, 0xa663,
-	0xa665, 0xa665,
-	0xa667, 0xa667,
-	0xa669, 0xa669,
-	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
-	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
-	0xa681, 0xa681,
-	0xa683, 0xa683,
-	0xa685, 0xa685,
-	0xa687, 0xa687,
-	0xa689, 0xa689,
-	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
-	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
-	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
-	0xa691, 0xa691,
-	0xa693, 0xa693,
-	0xa695, 0xa695,
-	0xa697, 0xa697,
-	0xa699, 0xa699,
-	0xa69b, 0xa69b,
-	0xa723, 0xa723,
-	0xa725, 0xa725,
-	0xa727, 0xa727,
-	0xa729, 0xa729,
-	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
-	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
-	0xa72f, 0xa72f,
-	0xa733, 0xa733,
-	0xa735, 0xa735,
-	0xa737, 0xa737,
-	0xa739, 0xa739,
-	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
-	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
-	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
-	0xa741, 0xa741,
-	0xa743, 0xa743,
-	0xa745, 0xa745,
-	0xa747, 0xa747,
-	0xa749, 0xa749,
-	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
-	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
-	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
-	0xa751, 0xa751,
-	0xa753, 0xa753,
-	0xa755, 0xa755,
-	0xa757, 0xa757,
-	0xa759, 0xa759,
-	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
-	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
-	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
-	0xa761, 0xa761,
-	0xa763, 0xa763,
-	0xa765, 0xa765,
-	0xa767, 0xa767,
-	0xa769, 0xa769,
-	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
-	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
-	0xa76f, 0xa76f,
-	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
-	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
-	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
-	0xa781, 0xa781,
-	0xa783, 0xa783,
-	0xa785, 0xa785,
-	0xa787, 0xa787,
-	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
-	0xa791, 0xa791,
-	0xa793, 0xa794,
-	0xa797, 0xa797,
-	0xa799, 0xa799,
-	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
-	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
-	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
-	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
-	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
-	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
-	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
-	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
-	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
-	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
-	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
-	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
-	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
-	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
-	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
-	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
-	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
-	0xab53, 0xab53,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10428, 0x1044f,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118c0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
-}; /* CR_Changes_When_Uppercased */
-
-/* 'Changes_When_Titlecased': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Titlecased[] = {
-	626,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00df, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
-	0x0101, 0x0101,
-	0x0103, 0x0103,
-	0x0105, 0x0105,
-	0x0107, 0x0107,
-	0x0109, 0x0109,
-	0x010b, 0x010b,
-	0x010d, 0x010d,
-	0x010f, 0x010f,
-	0x0111, 0x0111,
-	0x0113, 0x0113,
-	0x0115, 0x0115,
-	0x0117, 0x0117,
-	0x0119, 0x0119,
-	0x011b, 0x011b,
-	0x011d, 0x011d,
-	0x011f, 0x011f,
-	0x0121, 0x0121,
-	0x0123, 0x0123,
-	0x0125, 0x0125,
-	0x0127, 0x0127,
-	0x0129, 0x0129,
-	0x012b, 0x012b,
-	0x012d, 0x012d,
-	0x012f, 0x012f,
-	0x0131, 0x0131,
-	0x0133, 0x0133,
-	0x0135, 0x0135,
-	0x0137, 0x0137,
-	0x013a, 0x013a,
-	0x013c, 0x013c,
-	0x013e, 0x013e,
-	0x0140, 0x0140,
-	0x0142, 0x0142,
-	0x0144, 0x0144,
-	0x0146, 0x0146,
-	0x0148, 0x0149,
-	0x014b, 0x014b,
-	0x014d, 0x014d,
-	0x014f, 0x014f,
-	0x0151, 0x0151,
-	0x0153, 0x0153,
-	0x0155, 0x0155,
-	0x0157, 0x0157,
-	0x0159, 0x0159,
-	0x015b, 0x015b,
-	0x015d, 0x015d,
-	0x015f, 0x015f,
-	0x0161, 0x0161,
-	0x0163, 0x0163,
-	0x0165, 0x0165,
-	0x0167, 0x0167,
-	0x0169, 0x0169,
-	0x016b, 0x016b,
-	0x016d, 0x016d,
-	0x016f, 0x016f,
-	0x0171, 0x0171,
-	0x0173, 0x0173,
-	0x0175, 0x0175,
-	0x0177, 0x0177,
-	0x017a, 0x017a,
-	0x017c, 0x017c,
-	0x017e, 0x0180,
-	0x0183, 0x0183,
-	0x0185, 0x0185,
-	0x0188, 0x0188,
-	0x018c, 0x018c,
-	0x0192, 0x0192,
-	0x0195, 0x0195,
-	0x0199, 0x019a,
-	0x019e, 0x019e,
-	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
-	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
-	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
-	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
-	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
-	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
-	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
-	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
-	0x01b9, 0x01b9,
-	0x01bd, 0x01bd,
-	0x01bf, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c4, 0x01c4,
-	0x01c6, 0x01c7,
-	0x01c9, 0x01ca,
-	0x01cc, 0x01cc,
-	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
-	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
-	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
-	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
-	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
-	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
-	0x01da, 0x01da,
-	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
-	0x01df, 0x01df,
-	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
-	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
-	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
-	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
-	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
-	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
-	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
-	0x01ef, 0x01f1,
-	0x01f3, 0x01f3,
-	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
-	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
-	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
-	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
-	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
-	0x0201, 0x0201,
-	0x0203, 0x0203,
-	0x0205, 0x0205,
-	0x0207, 0x0207,
-	0x0209, 0x0209,
-	0x020b, 0x020b,
-	0x020d, 0x020d,
-	0x020f, 0x020f,
-	0x0211, 0x0211,
-	0x0213, 0x0213,
-	0x0215, 0x0215,
-	0x0217, 0x0217,
-	0x0219, 0x0219,
-	0x021b, 0x021b,
-	0x021d, 0x021d,
-	0x021f, 0x021f,
-	0x0223, 0x0223,
-	0x0225, 0x0225,
-	0x0227, 0x0227,
-	0x0229, 0x0229,
-	0x022b, 0x022b,
-	0x022d, 0x022d,
-	0x022f, 0x022f,
-	0x0231, 0x0231,
-	0x0233, 0x0233,
-	0x023c, 0x023c,
-	0x023f, 0x0240,
-	0x0242, 0x0242,
-	0x0247, 0x0247,
-	0x0249, 0x0249,
-	0x024b, 0x024b,
-	0x024d, 0x024d,
-	0x024f, 0x0254,
-	0x0256, 0x0257,
-	0x0259, 0x0259,
-	0x025b, 0x025c,
-	0x0260, 0x0261,
-	0x0263, 0x0263,
-	0x0265, 0x0266,
-	0x0268, 0x026c,
-	0x026f, 0x026f,
-	0x0271, 0x0272,
-	0x0275, 0x0275,
-	0x027d, 0x027d,
-	0x0280, 0x0280,
-	0x0282, 0x0283,
-	0x0287, 0x028c,
-	0x0292, 0x0292,
-	0x029d, 0x029e,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0371, 0x0371,
-	0x0373, 0x0373,
-	0x0377, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x0390, 0x0390,
-	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
-	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
-	0x03db, 0x03db,
-	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
-	0x03df, 0x03df,
-	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
-	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
-	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
-	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
-	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
-	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
-	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
-	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
-	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
-	0x03fb, 0x03fb,
-	0x0430, 0x045f,
-	0x0461, 0x0461,
-	0x0463, 0x0463,
-	0x0465, 0x0465,
-	0x0467, 0x0467,
-	0x0469, 0x0469,
-	0x046b, 0x046b,
-	0x046d, 0x046d,
-	0x046f, 0x046f,
-	0x0471, 0x0471,
-	0x0473, 0x0473,
-	0x0475, 0x0475,
-	0x0477, 0x0477,
-	0x0479, 0x0479,
-	0x047b, 0x047b,
-	0x047d, 0x047d,
-	0x047f, 0x047f,
-	0x0481, 0x0481,
-	0x048b, 0x048b,
-	0x048d, 0x048d,
-	0x048f, 0x048f,
-	0x0491, 0x0491,
-	0x0493, 0x0493,
-	0x0495, 0x0495,
-	0x0497, 0x0497,
-	0x0499, 0x0499,
-	0x049b, 0x049b,
-	0x049d, 0x049d,
-	0x049f, 0x049f,
-	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
-	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
-	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
-	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
-	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
-	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
-	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
-	0x04af, 0x04af,
-	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
-	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
-	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
-	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
-	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
-	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
-	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
-	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
-	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
-	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
-	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
-	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
-	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
-	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
-	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
-	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
-	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
-	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
-	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
-	0x04db, 0x04db,
-	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
-	0x04df, 0x04df,
-	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
-	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
-	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
-	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
-	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
-	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
-	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
-	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
-	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
-	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
-	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
-	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
-	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
-	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
-	0x0501, 0x0501,
-	0x0503, 0x0503,
-	0x0505, 0x0505,
-	0x0507, 0x0507,
-	0x0509, 0x0509,
-	0x050b, 0x050b,
-	0x050d, 0x050d,
-	0x050f, 0x050f,
-	0x0511, 0x0511,
-	0x0513, 0x0513,
-	0x0515, 0x0515,
-	0x0517, 0x0517,
-	0x0519, 0x0519,
-	0x051b, 0x051b,
-	0x051d, 0x051d,
-	0x051f, 0x051f,
-	0x0521, 0x0521,
-	0x0523, 0x0523,
-	0x0525, 0x0525,
-	0x0527, 0x0527,
-	0x0529, 0x0529,
-	0x052b, 0x052b,
-	0x052d, 0x052d,
-	0x052f, 0x052f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1d79, 0x1d79,
-	0x1d7d, 0x1d7d,
-	0x1d8e, 0x1d8e,
-	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
-	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
-	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
-	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
-	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
-	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
-	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
-	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
-	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
-	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
-	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
-	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
-	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
-	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
-	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
-	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
-	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
-	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
-	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
-	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
-	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
-	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
-	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
-	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
-	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
-	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
-	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
-	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
-	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
-	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
-	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
-	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
-	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
-	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
-	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
-	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
-	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
-	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
-	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
-	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
-	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
-	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
-	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
-	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
-	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
-	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
-	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
-	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
-	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
-	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
-	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
-	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
-	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
-	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
-	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
-	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
-	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
-	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
-	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
-	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
-	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
-	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
-	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
-	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
-	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
-	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
-	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
-	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
-	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
-	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
-	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
-	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
-	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
-	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
-	0x1e95, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
-	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
-	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
-	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
-	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
-	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
-	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
-	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
-	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
-	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
-	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
-	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
-	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
-	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
-	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
-	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
-	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
-	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
-	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
-	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
-	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
-	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
-	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
-	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
-	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
-	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
-	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
-	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
-	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
-	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
-	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
-	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
-	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
-	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
-	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
-	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
-	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
-	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
-	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
-	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
-	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
-	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
-	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
-	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
-	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
-	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
-	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
-	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
-	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
-	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
-	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1f87,
-	0x1f90, 0x1f97,
-	0x1fa0, 0x1fa7,
-	0x1fb0, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2170, 0x217f,
-	0x2184, 0x2184,
-	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
-	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
-	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
-	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
-	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
-	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
-	0x2c73, 0x2c73,
-	0x2c76, 0x2c76,
-	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
-	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
-	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
-	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
-	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
-	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
-	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
-	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
-	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
-	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
-	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
-	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
-	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
-	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
-	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
-	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
-	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
-	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
-	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
-	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
-	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
-	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
-	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
-	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
-	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
-	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
-	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
-	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
-	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
-	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
-	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
-	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
-	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
-	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
-	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
-	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
-	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
-	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
-	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
-	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
-	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
-	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
-	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
-	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
-	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
-	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
-	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
-	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
-	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
-	0x2ce3, 0x2ce3,
-	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
-	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa641, 0xa641,
-	0xa643, 0xa643,
-	0xa645, 0xa645,
-	0xa647, 0xa647,
-	0xa649, 0xa649,
-	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
-	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
-	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
-	0xa651, 0xa651,
-	0xa653, 0xa653,
-	0xa655, 0xa655,
-	0xa657, 0xa657,
-	0xa659, 0xa659,
-	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
-	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
-	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
-	0xa661, 0xa661,
-	0xa663, 0xa663,
-	0xa665, 0xa665,
-	0xa667, 0xa667,
-	0xa669, 0xa669,
-	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
-	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
-	0xa681, 0xa681,
-	0xa683, 0xa683,
-	0xa685, 0xa685,
-	0xa687, 0xa687,
-	0xa689, 0xa689,
-	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
-	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
-	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
-	0xa691, 0xa691,
-	0xa693, 0xa693,
-	0xa695, 0xa695,
-	0xa697, 0xa697,
-	0xa699, 0xa699,
-	0xa69b, 0xa69b,
-	0xa723, 0xa723,
-	0xa725, 0xa725,
-	0xa727, 0xa727,
-	0xa729, 0xa729,
-	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
-	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
-	0xa72f, 0xa72f,
-	0xa733, 0xa733,
-	0xa735, 0xa735,
-	0xa737, 0xa737,
-	0xa739, 0xa739,
-	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
-	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
-	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
-	0xa741, 0xa741,
-	0xa743, 0xa743,
-	0xa745, 0xa745,
-	0xa747, 0xa747,
-	0xa749, 0xa749,
-	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
-	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
-	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
-	0xa751, 0xa751,
-	0xa753, 0xa753,
-	0xa755, 0xa755,
-	0xa757, 0xa757,
-	0xa759, 0xa759,
-	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
-	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
-	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
-	0xa761, 0xa761,
-	0xa763, 0xa763,
-	0xa765, 0xa765,
-	0xa767, 0xa767,
-	0xa769, 0xa769,
-	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
-	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
-	0xa76f, 0xa76f,
-	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
-	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
-	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
-	0xa781, 0xa781,
-	0xa783, 0xa783,
-	0xa785, 0xa785,
-	0xa787, 0xa787,
-	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
-	0xa791, 0xa791,
-	0xa793, 0xa794,
-	0xa797, 0xa797,
-	0xa799, 0xa799,
-	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
-	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
-	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
-	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
-	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
-	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
-	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
-	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
-	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
-	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
-	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
-	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
-	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
-	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
-	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
-	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
-	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
-	0xab53, 0xab53,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10428, 0x1044f,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118c0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
-}; /* CR_Changes_When_Titlecased */
-
-/* 'Changes_When_Casefolded': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Casefolded[] = {
-	622,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00df,
-	0x0100, 0x0100,
-	0x0102, 0x0102,
-	0x0104, 0x0104,
-	0x0106, 0x0106,
-	0x0108, 0x0108,
-	0x010a, 0x010a,
-	0x010c, 0x010c,
-	0x010e, 0x010e,
-	0x0110, 0x0110,
-	0x0112, 0x0112,
-	0x0114, 0x0114,
-	0x0116, 0x0116,
-	0x0118, 0x0118,
-	0x011a, 0x011a,
-	0x011c, 0x011c,
-	0x011e, 0x011e,
-	0x0120, 0x0120,
-	0x0122, 0x0122,
-	0x0124, 0x0124,
-	0x0126, 0x0126,
-	0x0128, 0x0128,
-	0x012a, 0x012a,
-	0x012c, 0x012c,
-	0x012e, 0x012e,
-	0x0130, 0x0130,
-	0x0132, 0x0132,
-	0x0134, 0x0134,
-	0x0136, 0x0136,
-	0x0139, 0x0139,
-	0x013b, 0x013b,
-	0x013d, 0x013d,
-	0x013f, 0x013f,
-	0x0141, 0x0141,
-	0x0143, 0x0143,
-	0x0145, 0x0145,
-	0x0147, 0x0147,
-	0x0149, 0x014a,
-	0x014c, 0x014c,
-	0x014e, 0x014e,
-	0x0150, 0x0150,
-	0x0152, 0x0152,
-	0x0154, 0x0154,
-	0x0156, 0x0156,
-	0x0158, 0x0158,
-	0x015a, 0x015a,
-	0x015c, 0x015c,
-	0x015e, 0x015e,
-	0x0160, 0x0160,
-	0x0162, 0x0162,
-	0x0164, 0x0164,
-	0x0166, 0x0166,
-	0x0168, 0x0168,
-	0x016a, 0x016a,
-	0x016c, 0x016c,
-	0x016e, 0x016e,
-	0x0170, 0x0170,
-	0x0172, 0x0172,
-	0x0174, 0x0174,
-	0x0176, 0x0176,
-	0x0178, 0x0179,
-	0x017b, 0x017b,
-	0x017d, 0x017d,
-	0x017f, 0x017f,
-	0x0181, 0x0182,
-	0x0184, 0x0184,
-	0x0186, 0x0187,
-	0x0189, 0x018b,
-	0x018e, 0x0191,
-	0x0193, 0x0194,
-	0x0196, 0x0198,
-	0x019c, 0x019d,
-	0x019f, 0x01a0,
-	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
-	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
-	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
-	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
-	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
-	0x01ae, 0x01af,
-	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
-	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
-	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
-	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
-	0x01c4, 0x01c5,
-	0x01c7, 0x01c8,
-	0x01ca, 0x01cb,
-	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
-	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
-	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
-	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
-	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
-	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
-	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
-	0x01db, 0x01db,
-	0x01de, 0x01de,
-	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
-	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
-	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
-	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
-	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
-	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
-	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
-	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
-	0x01f1, 0x01f2,
-	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
-	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
-	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
-	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
-	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
-	0x0200, 0x0200,
-	0x0202, 0x0202,
-	0x0204, 0x0204,
-	0x0206, 0x0206,
-	0x0208, 0x0208,
-	0x020a, 0x020a,
-	0x020c, 0x020c,
-	0x020e, 0x020e,
-	0x0210, 0x0210,
-	0x0212, 0x0212,
-	0x0214, 0x0214,
-	0x0216, 0x0216,
-	0x0218, 0x0218,
-	0x021a, 0x021a,
-	0x021c, 0x021c,
-	0x021e, 0x021e,
-	0x0220, 0x0220,
-	0x0222, 0x0222,
-	0x0224, 0x0224,
-	0x0226, 0x0226,
-	0x0228, 0x0228,
-	0x022a, 0x022a,
-	0x022c, 0x022c,
-	0x022e, 0x022e,
-	0x0230, 0x0230,
-	0x0232, 0x0232,
-	0x023a, 0x023b,
-	0x023d, 0x023e,
-	0x0241, 0x0241,
-	0x0243, 0x0246,
-	0x0248, 0x0248,
-	0x024a, 0x024a,
-	0x024c, 0x024c,
-	0x024e, 0x024e,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0370, 0x0370,
-	0x0372, 0x0372,
-	0x0376, 0x0376,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x038f,
-	0x0391, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
-	0x03c2, 0x03c2,
-	0x03cf, 0x03d1,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d6,
-	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
-	0x03da, 0x03da,
-	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
-	0x03de, 0x03de,
-	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
-	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
-	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
-	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
-	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
-	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
-	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
-	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
-	0x03f0, 0x03f1,
-	0x03f4, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
-	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
-	0x03fd, 0x042f,
-	0x0460, 0x0460,
-	0x0462, 0x0462,
-	0x0464, 0x0464,
-	0x0466, 0x0466,
-	0x0468, 0x0468,
-	0x046a, 0x046a,
-	0x046c, 0x046c,
-	0x046e, 0x046e,
-	0x0470, 0x0470,
-	0x0472, 0x0472,
-	0x0474, 0x0474,
-	0x0476, 0x0476,
-	0x0478, 0x0478,
-	0x047a, 0x047a,
-	0x047c, 0x047c,
-	0x047e, 0x047e,
-	0x0480, 0x0480,
-	0x048a, 0x048a,
-	0x048c, 0x048c,
-	0x048e, 0x048e,
-	0x0490, 0x0490,
-	0x0492, 0x0492,
-	0x0494, 0x0494,
-	0x0496, 0x0496,
-	0x0498, 0x0498,
-	0x049a, 0x049a,
-	0x049c, 0x049c,
-	0x049e, 0x049e,
-	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
-	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
-	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
-	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
-	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
-	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
-	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
-	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
-	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
-	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
-	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
-	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
-	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
-	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
-	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
-	0x04be, 0x04be,
-	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
-	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
-	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
-	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
-	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
-	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
-	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
-	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
-	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
-	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
-	0x04da, 0x04da,
-	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
-	0x04de, 0x04de,
-	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
-	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
-	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
-	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
-	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
-	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
-	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
-	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
-	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
-	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
-	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
-	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
-	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
-	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
-	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
-	0x0500, 0x0500,
-	0x0502, 0x0502,
-	0x0504, 0x0504,
-	0x0506, 0x0506,
-	0x0508, 0x0508,
-	0x050a, 0x050a,
-	0x050c, 0x050c,
-	0x050e, 0x050e,
-	0x0510, 0x0510,
-	0x0512, 0x0512,
-	0x0514, 0x0514,
-	0x0516, 0x0516,
-	0x0518, 0x0518,
-	0x051a, 0x051a,
-	0x051c, 0x051c,
-	0x051e, 0x051e,
-	0x0520, 0x0520,
-	0x0522, 0x0522,
-	0x0524, 0x0524,
-	0x0526, 0x0526,
-	0x0528, 0x0528,
-	0x052a, 0x052a,
-	0x052c, 0x052c,
-	0x052e, 0x052e,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0587, 0x0587,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
-	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
-	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
-	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
-	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
-	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
-	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
-	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
-	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
-	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
-	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
-	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
-	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
-	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
-	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
-	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
-	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
-	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
-	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
-	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
-	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
-	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
-	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
-	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
-	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
-	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
-	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
-	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
-	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
-	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
-	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
-	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
-	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
-	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
-	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
-	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
-	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
-	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
-	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
-	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
-	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
-	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
-	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
-	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
-	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
-	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
-	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
-	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
-	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
-	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
-	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
-	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
-	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
-	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
-	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
-	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
-	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
-	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
-	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
-	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
-	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
-	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
-	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
-	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
-	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
-	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
-	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
-	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
-	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
-	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
-	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
-	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
-	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
-	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
-	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
-	0x1e9a, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
-	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
-	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
-	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
-	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
-	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
-	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
-	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
-	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
-	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
-	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
-	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
-	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
-	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
-	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
-	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
-	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
-	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
-	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
-	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
-	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
-	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
-	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
-	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
-	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
-	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
-	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
-	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
-	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
-	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
-	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
-	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
-	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
-	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
-	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
-	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
-	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
-	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
-	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
-	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
-	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
-	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
-	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
-	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
-	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
-	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
-	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
-	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
-	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
-	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
-	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
-	0x1f80, 0x1faf,
-	0x1fb2, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb7, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc7, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff7, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x212a, 0x212b,
-	0x2132, 0x2132,
-	0x2160, 0x216f,
-	0x2183, 0x2183,
-	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
-	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
-	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
-	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
-	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
-	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
-	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
-	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
-	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
-	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
-	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
-	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
-	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
-	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
-	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
-	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
-	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
-	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
-	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
-	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
-	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
-	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
-	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
-	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
-	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
-	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
-	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
-	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
-	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
-	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
-	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
-	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
-	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
-	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
-	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
-	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
-	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
-	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
-	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
-	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
-	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
-	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
-	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
-	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
-	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
-	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
-	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
-	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
-	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
-	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
-	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
-	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
-	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
-	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
-	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
-	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
-	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
-	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
-	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
-	0xa640, 0xa640,
-	0xa642, 0xa642,
-	0xa644, 0xa644,
-	0xa646, 0xa646,
-	0xa648, 0xa648,
-	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
-	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
-	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
-	0xa650, 0xa650,
-	0xa652, 0xa652,
-	0xa654, 0xa654,
-	0xa656, 0xa656,
-	0xa658, 0xa658,
-	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
-	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
-	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
-	0xa660, 0xa660,
-	0xa662, 0xa662,
-	0xa664, 0xa664,
-	0xa666, 0xa666,
-	0xa668, 0xa668,
-	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
-	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
-	0xa680, 0xa680,
-	0xa682, 0xa682,
-	0xa684, 0xa684,
-	0xa686, 0xa686,
-	0xa688, 0xa688,
-	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
-	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
-	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
-	0xa690, 0xa690,
-	0xa692, 0xa692,
-	0xa694, 0xa694,
-	0xa696, 0xa696,
-	0xa698, 0xa698,
-	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
-	0xa722, 0xa722,
-	0xa724, 0xa724,
-	0xa726, 0xa726,
-	0xa728, 0xa728,
-	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
-	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
-	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
-	0xa732, 0xa732,
-	0xa734, 0xa734,
-	0xa736, 0xa736,
-	0xa738, 0xa738,
-	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
-	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
-	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
-	0xa740, 0xa740,
-	0xa742, 0xa742,
-	0xa744, 0xa744,
-	0xa746, 0xa746,
-	0xa748, 0xa748,
-	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
-	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
-	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
-	0xa750, 0xa750,
-	0xa752, 0xa752,
-	0xa754, 0xa754,
-	0xa756, 0xa756,
-	0xa758, 0xa758,
-	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
-	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
-	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
-	0xa760, 0xa760,
-	0xa762, 0xa762,
-	0xa764, 0xa764,
-	0xa766, 0xa766,
-	0xa768, 0xa768,
-	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
-	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
-	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
-	0xa779, 0xa779,
-	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
-	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
-	0xa780, 0xa780,
-	0xa782, 0xa782,
-	0xa784, 0xa784,
-	0xa786, 0xa786,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
-	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
-	0xa790, 0xa790,
-	0xa792, 0xa792,
-	0xa796, 0xa796,
-	0xa798, 0xa798,
-	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
-	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
-	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
-	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
-	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
-	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
-	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
-	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
-	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
-	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
-	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
-	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
-	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
-	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
-	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
-	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
-	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
-	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0x10400, 0x10427,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
-}; /* CR_Changes_When_Casefolded */
-
-/* 'Changes_When_Casemapped': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Casemapped[] = {
-	131,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x0137,
-	0x0139, 0x018c,
-	0x018e, 0x019a,
-	0x019c, 0x01a9,
-	0x01ac, 0x01b9,
-	0x01bc, 0x01bd,
-	0x01bf, 0x01bf,
-	0x01c4, 0x0220,
-	0x0222, 0x0233,
-	0x023a, 0x0254,
-	0x0256, 0x0257,
-	0x0259, 0x0259,
-	0x025b, 0x025c,
-	0x0260, 0x0261,
-	0x0263, 0x0263,
-	0x0265, 0x0266,
-	0x0268, 0x026c,
-	0x026f, 0x026f,
-	0x0271, 0x0272,
-	0x0275, 0x0275,
-	0x027d, 0x027d,
-	0x0280, 0x0280,
-	0x0282, 0x0283,
-	0x0287, 0x028c,
-	0x0292, 0x0292,
-	0x029d, 0x029e,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x0370, 0x0373,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03d1,
-	0x03d5, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x03fb,
-	0x03fd, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1d79, 0x1d79,
-	0x1d7d, 0x1d7d,
-	0x1d8e, 0x1d8e,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x212a, 0x212b,
-	0x2132, 0x2132,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x217f,
-	0x2183, 0x2184,
-	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c70,
-	0x2c72, 0x2c73,
-	0x2c75, 0x2c76,
-	0x2c7e, 0x2ce3,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0xa640, 0xa66d,
-	0xa680, 0xa69b,
-	0xa722, 0xa72f,
-	0xa732, 0xa76f,
-	0xa779, 0xa787,
-	0xa78b, 0xa78d,
-	0xa790, 0xa794,
-	0xa796, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d6, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa7f6,
-	0xab53, 0xab53,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10400, 0x1044f,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-}; /* CR_Changes_When_Casemapped */
-
-/* 'ID_Start': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_ID_Start[] = {
-	648,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0370, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0620, 0x064a,
-	0x066e, 0x066f,
-	0x0671, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
-	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
-	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
-	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x0710,
-	0x0712, 0x072f,
-	0x074d, 0x07a5,
-	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
-	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
-	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x0815,
-	0x081a, 0x081a,
-	0x0824, 0x0824,
-	0x0828, 0x0828,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
-	0x0904, 0x0939,
-	0x093d, 0x093d,
-	0x0950, 0x0950,
-	0x0958, 0x0961,
-	0x0971, 0x0980,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e1,
-	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
-	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
-	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
-	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
-	0x1000, 0x102a,
-	0x103f, 0x103f,
-	0x1050, 0x1055,
-	0x105a, 0x105d,
-	0x1061, 0x1061,
-	0x1065, 0x1066,
-	0x106e, 0x1070,
-	0x1075, 0x1081,
-	0x108e, 0x108e,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1711,
-	0x171f, 0x1731,
-	0x1740, 0x1751,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18a8,
-	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1950, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
-	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
-	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
-	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2118, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309b, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa61f,
-	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66e,
-	0xa67f, 0xa69d,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6ef,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
-	0xa803, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa80a,
-	0xa80c, 0xa822,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
-	0xa90a, 0xa925,
-	0xa930, 0xa946,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
-	0xa9e6, 0xa9ef,
-	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
-	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
-	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
-	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
-	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
-	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf4,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabe2,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
-	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x10375,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
-	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11003, 0x11037,
-	0x11071, 0x11072,
-	0x11075, 0x11075,
-	0x11083, 0x110af,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x11103, 0x11126,
-	0x11144, 0x11144,
-	0x11147, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11183, 0x111b2,
-	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
-	0x111da, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1122b,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112de,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x1135d, 0x11361,
-	0x11400, 0x11434,
-	0x11447, 0x1144a,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114af,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x11580, 0x115ae,
-	0x115d8, 0x115db,
-	0x11600, 0x1162f,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11680, 0x116aa,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1182b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x1192f,
-	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
-	0x11941, 0x11941,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
-	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
-	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
-	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_ID_Start */
-
-/* 'ID_Continue': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_ID_Continue[] = {
-	756,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x005f, 0x005f,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0300, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x0483, 0x0487,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x0620, 0x0669,
-	0x066e, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x0898, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0963,
-	0x0966, 0x096f,
-	0x0971, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x1000, 0x1049,
-	0x1050, 0x109d,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1369, 0x1371,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1734,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17d3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1946, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abd,
-	0x1abf, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x203f, 0x2040,
-	0x2054, 0x2054,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
-	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
-	0x20e5, 0x20f0,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2118, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x302f,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66f,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa67f, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa827,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa92d,
-	0xa930, 0xa953,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9c0,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabea,
-	0xabec, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
-	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f85,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x11046,
-	0x11066, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x1113f,
-	0x11144, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11173,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111c4,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111ce, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1144a,
-	0x11450, 0x11459,
-	0x1145e, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
-	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11640,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11680, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11739,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183a,
-	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11943,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a99,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b36,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_ID_Continue */
-
-/* 'XID_Start': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_XID_Start[] = {
-	655,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0370, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0620, 0x064a,
-	0x066e, 0x066f,
-	0x0671, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
-	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
-	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
-	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x0710,
-	0x0712, 0x072f,
-	0x074d, 0x07a5,
-	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
-	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
-	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x0815,
-	0x081a, 0x081a,
-	0x0824, 0x0824,
-	0x0828, 0x0828,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
-	0x0904, 0x0939,
-	0x093d, 0x093d,
-	0x0950, 0x0950,
-	0x0958, 0x0961,
-	0x0971, 0x0980,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e1,
-	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
-	0x0e32, 0x0e32,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
-	0x0eb2, 0x0eb2,
-	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
-	0x1000, 0x102a,
-	0x103f, 0x103f,
-	0x1050, 0x1055,
-	0x105a, 0x105d,
-	0x1061, 0x1061,
-	0x1065, 0x1066,
-	0x106e, 0x1070,
-	0x1075, 0x1081,
-	0x108e, 0x108e,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1711,
-	0x171f, 0x1731,
-	0x1740, 0x1751,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18a8,
-	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1950, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
-	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
-	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
-	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2118, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa61f,
-	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66e,
-	0xa67f, 0xa69d,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6ef,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
-	0xa803, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa80a,
-	0xa80c, 0xa822,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
-	0xa90a, 0xa925,
-	0xa930, 0xa946,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
-	0xa9e6, 0xa9ef,
-	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
-	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
-	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
-	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
-	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
-	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf4,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabe2,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
-	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfc5d,
-	0xfc64, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdf9,
-	0xfe71, 0xfe71,
-	0xfe73, 0xfe73,
-	0xfe77, 0xfe77,
-	0xfe79, 0xfe79,
-	0xfe7b, 0xfe7b,
-	0xfe7d, 0xfe7d,
-	0xfe7f, 0xfefc,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xff9d,
-	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x10375,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
-	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11003, 0x11037,
-	0x11071, 0x11072,
-	0x11075, 0x11075,
-	0x11083, 0x110af,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x11103, 0x11126,
-	0x11144, 0x11144,
-	0x11147, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11183, 0x111b2,
-	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
-	0x111da, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1122b,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112de,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x1135d, 0x11361,
-	0x11400, 0x11434,
-	0x11447, 0x1144a,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114af,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x11580, 0x115ae,
-	0x115d8, 0x115db,
-	0x11600, 0x1162f,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11680, 0x116aa,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1182b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118df,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x1192f,
-	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
-	0x11941, 0x11941,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
-	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
-	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
-	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_XID_Start */
-
-/* 'XID_Continue': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_XID_Continue[] = {
-	763,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x005f, 0x005f,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
-	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
-	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
-	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
-	0x0300, 0x0374,
-	0x0376, 0x0377,
-	0x037b, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0386, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
-	0x03f7, 0x0481,
-	0x0483, 0x0487,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0560, 0x0588,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x0620, 0x0669,
-	0x066e, 0x06d3,
-	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06fc,
-	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
-	0x0710, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07f5,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x0887,
-	0x0889, 0x088e,
-	0x0898, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0963,
-	0x0966, 0x096f,
-	0x0971, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
-	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
-	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x1000, 0x1049,
-	0x1050, 0x109d,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1369, 0x1371,
-	0x1380, 0x138f,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1401, 0x166c,
-	0x166f, 0x167f,
-	0x1681, 0x169a,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1734,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17d3,
-	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
-	0x17dc, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1946, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abd,
-	0x1abf, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
-	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
-	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
-	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
-	0x203f, 0x2040,
-	0x2054, 0x2054,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
-	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
-	0x20e5, 0x20f0,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2118, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0x2128, 0x2128,
-	0x212a, 0x2139,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
-	0x2ceb, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x3005, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x302f,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x3038, 0x303c,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
-	0xa500, 0xa60c,
-	0xa610, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66f,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa67f, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa717, 0xa71f,
-	0xa722, 0xa788,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa827,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa840, 0xa873,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f7,
-	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa8fd, 0xa92d,
-	0xa930, 0xa953,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9c0,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
-	0xaa7a, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf2, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab69,
-	0xab70, 0xabea,
-	0xabec, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
-	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfc5d,
-	0xfc64, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdf9,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
-	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
-	0xfe71, 0xfe71,
-	0xfe73, 0xfe73,
-	0xfe77, 0xfe77,
-	0xfe79, 0xfe79,
-	0xfe7b, 0xfe7b,
-	0xfe7d, 0xfe7d,
-	0xfe7f, 0xfefc,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0xff66, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10140, 0x10174,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031f,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
-	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10860, 0x10876,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x10900, 0x10915,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
-	0x10ac9, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
-	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f85,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x11046,
-	0x11066, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x1113f,
-	0x11144, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11173,
-	0x11176, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111c4,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111ce, 0x111da,
-	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1144a,
-	0x11450, 0x11459,
-	0x1145e, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c5,
-	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
-	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11640,
-	0x11644, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11680, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11739,
-	0x11740, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183a,
-	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11943,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e1,
-	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a99,
-	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c40,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
-	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b36,
-	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_XID_Continue */
-
-/* 'Default_Ignorable_Code_Point': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point[] = {
-	17,
-	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
-	0x034f, 0x034f,
-	0x061c, 0x061c,
-	0x115f, 0x1160,
-	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
-	0x180b, 0x180f,
-	0x200b, 0x200f,
-	0x202a, 0x202e,
-	0x2060, 0x206f,
-	0x3164, 0x3164,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xffa0, 0xffa0,
-	0xfff0, 0xfff8,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
-	0xe0000, 0xe0fff,
-}; /* CR_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Extend': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Extend[] = {
-	353,
-	0x0300, 0x036f,
-	0x0483, 0x0489,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x064b, 0x065f,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e4,
-	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
-	0x0711, 0x0711,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0816, 0x0819,
-	0x081b, 0x0823,
-	0x0825, 0x0827,
-	0x0829, 0x082d,
-	0x0859, 0x085b,
-	0x0898, 0x089f,
-	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0902,
-	0x093a, 0x093a,
-	0x093c, 0x093c,
-	0x0941, 0x0948,
-	0x094d, 0x094d,
-	0x0951, 0x0957,
-	0x0962, 0x0963,
-	0x0981, 0x0981,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09be,
-	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
-	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
-	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
-	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
-	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
-	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
-	0x0b3e, 0x0b3f,
-	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bbe,
-	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
-	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
-	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
-	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
-	0x0cc2, 0x0cc2,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
-	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d3e,
-	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dcf,
-	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0ddf, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
-	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
-	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
-	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
-	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x102d, 0x1030,
-	0x1032, 0x1037,
-	0x1039, 0x103a,
-	0x103d, 0x103e,
-	0x1058, 0x1059,
-	0x105e, 0x1060,
-	0x1071, 0x1074,
-	0x1082, 0x1082,
-	0x1085, 0x1086,
-	0x108d, 0x108d,
-	0x109d, 0x109d,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1712, 0x1714,
-	0x1732, 0x1733,
-	0x1752, 0x1753,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
-	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
-	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
-	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
-	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x180f,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
-	0x1920, 0x1922,
-	0x1927, 0x1928,
-	0x1932, 0x1932,
-	0x1939, 0x193b,
-	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
-	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
-	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
-	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
-	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
-	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
-	0x1b34, 0x1b3a,
-	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
-	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
-	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
-	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
-	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
-	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
-	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
-	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
-	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
-	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
-	0x200c, 0x200c,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x302a, 0x302f,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0xa66f, 0xa672,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
-	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa802, 0xa802,
-	0xa806, 0xa806,
-	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
-	0xa825, 0xa826,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
-	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa926, 0xa92d,
-	0xa947, 0xa951,
-	0xa980, 0xa982,
-	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
-	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
-	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
-	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
-	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
-	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
-	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
-	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
-	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
-	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
-	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
-	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
-	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
-	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
-	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
-	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
-	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
-	0xabed, 0xabed,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10376, 0x1037a,
-	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
-	0x11001, 0x11001,
-	0x11038, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x11073, 0x11074,
-	0x1107f, 0x11081,
-	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
-	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x11100, 0x11102,
-	0x11127, 0x1112b,
-	0x1112d, 0x11134,
-	0x11173, 0x11173,
-	0x11180, 0x11181,
-	0x111b6, 0x111be,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
-	0x1122f, 0x11231,
-	0x11234, 0x11234,
-	0x11236, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x112df, 0x112df,
-	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
-	0x11300, 0x11301,
-	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
-	0x1133e, 0x1133e,
-	0x11340, 0x11340,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11438, 0x1143f,
-	0x11442, 0x11444,
-	0x11446, 0x11446,
-	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
-	0x114b0, 0x114b0,
-	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
-	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
-	0x114bd, 0x114bd,
-	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
-	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
-	0x115af, 0x115af,
-	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
-	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
-	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
-	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
-	0x11633, 0x1163a,
-	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
-	0x1163f, 0x11640,
-	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
-	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
-	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
-	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
-	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
-	0x11722, 0x11725,
-	0x11727, 0x1172b,
-	0x1182f, 0x11837,
-	0x11839, 0x1183a,
-	0x11930, 0x11930,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
-	0x11943, 0x11943,
-	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119db,
-	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
-	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
-	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
-	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
-	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
-	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
-	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
-	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
-	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
-	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
-	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
-	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
-	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d165,
-	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16e, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
-	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Extend */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Base': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Base[] = {
-	861,
-	0x0020, 0x007e,
-	0x00a0, 0x00ac,
-	0x00ae, 0x02ff,
-	0x0370, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0482,
-	0x048a, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x05be, 0x05be,
-	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
-	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
-	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0606, 0x060f,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061d, 0x064a,
-	0x0660, 0x066f,
-	0x0671, 0x06d5,
-	0x06de, 0x06de,
-	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
-	0x06e9, 0x06e9,
-	0x06ee, 0x070d,
-	0x0710, 0x0710,
-	0x0712, 0x072f,
-	0x074d, 0x07a5,
-	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07ea,
-	0x07f4, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fe, 0x0815,
-	0x081a, 0x081a,
-	0x0824, 0x0824,
-	0x0828, 0x0828,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x0858,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x088e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
-	0x0903, 0x0939,
-	0x093b, 0x093b,
-	0x093d, 0x0940,
-	0x0949, 0x094c,
-	0x094e, 0x0950,
-	0x0958, 0x0961,
-	0x0964, 0x0980,
-	0x0982, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
-	0x09bf, 0x09c0,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
-	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e1,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fd,
-	0x0a03, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a40,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a6f,
-	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a83, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abd, 0x0ac0,
-	0x0ac9, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b02, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
-	0x0b40, 0x0b40,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbf, 0x0bbf,
-	0x0bc1, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
-	0x0c41, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c80,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbd, 0x0cbe,
-	0x0cc0, 0x0cc1,
-	0x0cc3, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc7, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccb,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
-	0x0d3f, 0x0d40,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
-	0x0d58, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dd0, 0x0dd1,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0dde,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
-	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e46,
-	0x0e4f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
-	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
-	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f17,
-	0x0f1a, 0x0f34,
-	0x0f36, 0x0f36,
-	0x0f38, 0x0f38,
-	0x0f3a, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f7f, 0x0f7f,
-	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
-	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fc5,
-	0x0fc7, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x102c,
-	0x1031, 0x1031,
-	0x1038, 0x1038,
-	0x103b, 0x103c,
-	0x103f, 0x1057,
-	0x105a, 0x105d,
-	0x1061, 0x1070,
-	0x1075, 0x1081,
-	0x1083, 0x1084,
-	0x1087, 0x108c,
-	0x108e, 0x109c,
-	0x109e, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x1360, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1711,
-	0x1715, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1731,
-	0x1734, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1751,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1780, 0x17b3,
-	0x17b6, 0x17b6,
-	0x17be, 0x17c5,
-	0x17c7, 0x17c8,
-	0x17d4, 0x17dc,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180a,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x1884,
-	0x1887, 0x18a8,
-	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1923, 0x1926,
-	0x1929, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x1931,
-	0x1933, 0x1938,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a16,
-	0x1a19, 0x1a1a,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a55,
-	0x1a57, 0x1a57,
-	0x1a61, 0x1a61,
-	0x1a63, 0x1a64,
-	0x1a6d, 0x1a72,
-	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b04, 0x1b33,
-	0x1b3b, 0x1b3b,
-	0x1b3d, 0x1b41,
-	0x1b43, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b6a,
-	0x1b74, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1b82, 0x1ba1,
-	0x1ba6, 0x1ba7,
-	0x1baa, 0x1baa,
-	0x1bae, 0x1be5,
-	0x1be7, 0x1be7,
-	0x1bea, 0x1bec,
-	0x1bee, 0x1bee,
-	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c2b,
-	0x1c34, 0x1c35,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
-	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf7,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x200a,
-	0x2010, 0x2027,
-	0x202f, 0x205f,
-	0x2070, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2cee,
-	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e5d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x3029,
-	0x3030, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309b, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa66e,
-	0xa673, 0xa673,
-	0xa67e, 0xa69d,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6ef,
-	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
-	0xa803, 0xa805,
-	0xa807, 0xa80a,
-	0xa80c, 0xa824,
-	0xa827, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c3,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8f2, 0xa8fe,
-	0xa900, 0xa925,
-	0xa92e, 0xa946,
-	0xa952, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa983, 0xa9b2,
-	0xa9b4, 0xa9b5,
-	0xa9ba, 0xa9bb,
-	0xa9be, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9e4,
-	0xa9e6, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
-	0xaa2f, 0xaa30,
-	0xaa33, 0xaa34,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
-	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
-	0xaa4d, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa7d, 0xaaaf,
-	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
-	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
-	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
-	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
-	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaeb,
-	0xaaee, 0xaaf5,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab6b,
-	0xab70, 0xabe4,
-	0xabe6, 0xabe7,
-	0xabe9, 0xabec,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
-	0xfb1f, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdff,
-	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xff01, 0xff9d,
-	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfffc, 0xfffd,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x10375,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a00,
-	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a40, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae4,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d23,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
-	0x10f51, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
-	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x11000,
-	0x11002, 0x11037,
-	0x11047, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x11071, 0x11072,
-	0x11075, 0x11075,
-	0x11082, 0x110b2,
-	0x110b7, 0x110b8,
-	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
-	0x110be, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11103, 0x11126,
-	0x1112c, 0x1112c,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11172,
-	0x11174, 0x11176,
-	0x11182, 0x111b5,
-	0x111bf, 0x111c8,
-	0x111cd, 0x111ce,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1122e,
-	0x11232, 0x11233,
-	0x11235, 0x11235,
-	0x11238, 0x1123d,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112de,
-	0x112e0, 0x112e2,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11302, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
-	0x1133f, 0x1133f,
-	0x11341, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11400, 0x11437,
-	0x11440, 0x11441,
-	0x11445, 0x11445,
-	0x11447, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
-	0x1145f, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114af,
-	0x114b1, 0x114b2,
-	0x114b9, 0x114b9,
-	0x114bb, 0x114bc,
-	0x114be, 0x114be,
-	0x114c1, 0x114c1,
-	0x114c4, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115ae,
-	0x115b0, 0x115b1,
-	0x115b8, 0x115bb,
-	0x115be, 0x115be,
-	0x115c1, 0x115db,
-	0x11600, 0x11632,
-	0x1163b, 0x1163c,
-	0x1163e, 0x1163e,
-	0x11641, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116aa,
-	0x116ac, 0x116ac,
-	0x116ae, 0x116af,
-	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
-	0x116b8, 0x116b9,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x11720, 0x11721,
-	0x11726, 0x11726,
-	0x11730, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1182e,
-	0x11838, 0x11838,
-	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x1192f,
-	0x11931, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193d, 0x1193d,
-	0x1193f, 0x11942,
-	0x11944, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d3,
-	0x119dc, 0x119df,
-	0x119e1, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
-	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
-	0x11a39, 0x11a3a,
-	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
-	0x11a57, 0x11a58,
-	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
-	0x11a97, 0x11a97,
-	0x11a9a, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c2f,
-	0x11c3e, 0x11c3e,
-	0x11c40, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11ca9,
-	0x11cb1, 0x11cb1,
-	0x11cb4, 0x11cb4,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d94,
-	0x11d96, 0x11d96,
-	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
-	0x11ef5, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
-	0x16b37, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe3,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9c,
-	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d164,
-	0x1d166, 0x1d166,
-	0x1d16a, 0x1d16d,
-	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
-	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
-	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d241,
-	0x1d245, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d9ff,
-	0x1da37, 0x1da3a,
-	0x1da6d, 0x1da74,
-	0x1da76, 0x1da83,
-	0x1da85, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
-	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8cf,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
-	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Base */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Link': Derived Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Link[] = {
-	55,
-	0x094d, 0x094d,
-	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
-	0x0a4d, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
-	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0c4d, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0ccd, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0e3a, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0eba, 0x0eba,
-	0x0f84, 0x0f84,
-	0x1039, 0x103a,
-	0x1714, 0x1715,
-	0x1734, 0x1734,
-	0x17d2, 0x17d2,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
-	0x1b44, 0x1b44,
-	0x1baa, 0x1bab,
-	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-	0xa806, 0xa806,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa8c4, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa953, 0xa953,
-	0xa9c0, 0xa9c0,
-	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
-	0xabed, 0xabed,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x11046, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x1107f, 0x1107f,
-	0x110b9, 0x110b9,
-	0x11133, 0x11134,
-	0x111c0, 0x111c0,
-	0x11235, 0x11235,
-	0x112ea, 0x112ea,
-	0x1134d, 0x1134d,
-	0x11442, 0x11442,
-	0x114c2, 0x114c2,
-	0x115bf, 0x115bf,
-	0x1163f, 0x1163f,
-	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
-	0x1172b, 0x1172b,
-	0x11839, 0x11839,
-	0x1193d, 0x1193e,
-	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
-	0x11a34, 0x11a34,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a99, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11d44, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Link */
-
-/* 'Common': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Common[] = {
-	174,
-	0x0000, 0x0040,
-	0x005b, 0x0060,
-	0x007b, 0x00a9,
-	0x00ab, 0x00b9,
-	0x00bb, 0x00bf,
-	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
-	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
-	0x02b9, 0x02df,
-	0x02e5, 0x02e9,
-	0x02ec, 0x02ff,
-	0x0374, 0x0374,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0385, 0x0385,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x0605, 0x0605,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0640, 0x0640,
-	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
-	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
-	0x0964, 0x0965,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e3f,
-	0x0fd5, 0x0fd8,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
-	0x1735, 0x1736,
-	0x1802, 0x1803,
-	0x1805, 0x1805,
-	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
-	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
-	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
-	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
-	0x1cf5, 0x1cf7,
-	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
-	0x2000, 0x200b,
-	0x200e, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x207e,
-	0x2080, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x2100, 0x2125,
-	0x2127, 0x2129,
-	0x212c, 0x2131,
-	0x2133, 0x214d,
-	0x214f, 0x215f,
-	0x2189, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x27ff,
-	0x2900, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2bff,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e5d,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x3004,
-	0x3006, 0x3006,
-	0x3008, 0x3020,
-	0x3030, 0x3037,
-	0x303c, 0x303f,
-	0x309b, 0x309c,
-	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
-	0x30fb, 0x30fc,
-	0x3190, 0x319f,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x3220, 0x325f,
-	0x327f, 0x32cf,
-	0x32ff, 0x32ff,
-	0x3358, 0x33ff,
-	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
-	0xa700, 0xa721,
-	0xa788, 0xa78a,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa92e, 0xa92e,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xab5b, 0xab5b,
-	0xab6a, 0xab6b,
-	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xff20,
-	0xff3b, 0xff40,
-	0xff5b, 0xff65,
-	0xff70, 0xff70,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1013f,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
-	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d166,
-	0x1d16a, 0x1d17a,
-	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
-	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
-	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
-	0x1f201, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-}; /* CR_Common */
-
-/* 'Latin': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Latin[] = {
-	38,
-	0x0041, 0x005a,
-	0x0061, 0x007a,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
-	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
-	0x00f8, 0x02b8,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x1d00, 0x1d25,
-	0x1d2c, 0x1d5c,
-	0x1d62, 0x1d65,
-	0x1d6b, 0x1d77,
-	0x1d79, 0x1dbe,
-	0x1e00, 0x1eff,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x212a, 0x212b,
-	0x2132, 0x2132,
-	0x214e, 0x214e,
-	0x2160, 0x2188,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c7f,
-	0xa722, 0xa787,
-	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa7ff,
-	0xab30, 0xab5a,
-	0xab5c, 0xab64,
-	0xab66, 0xab69,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xff21, 0xff3a,
-	0xff41, 0xff5a,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-}; /* CR_Latin */
-
-/* 'Greek': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Greek[] = {
-	36,
-	0x0370, 0x0373,
-	0x0375, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037d,
-	0x037f, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x0384,
-	0x0386, 0x0386,
-	0x0388, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03e1,
-	0x03f0, 0x03ff,
-	0x1d26, 0x1d2a,
-	0x1d5d, 0x1d61,
-	0x1d66, 0x1d6a,
-	0x1dbf, 0x1dbf,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2126, 0x2126,
-	0xab65, 0xab65,
-	0x10140, 0x1018e,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-}; /* CR_Greek */
-
-/* 'Cyrillic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cyrillic[] = {
-	8,
-	0x0400, 0x0484,
-	0x0487, 0x052f,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
-	0x1d2b, 0x1d2b,
-	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0xa640, 0xa69f,
-	0xfe2e, 0xfe2f,
-}; /* CR_Cyrillic */
-
-/* 'Armenian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Armenian[] = {
-	4,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-}; /* CR_Armenian */
-
-/* 'Hebrew': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hebrew[] = {
-	9,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfb4f,
-}; /* CR_Hebrew */
-
-/* 'Arabic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Arabic[] = {
-	57,
-	0x0600, 0x0604,
-	0x0606, 0x060b,
-	0x060d, 0x061a,
-	0x061c, 0x061e,
-	0x0620, 0x063f,
-	0x0641, 0x064a,
-	0x0656, 0x066f,
-	0x0671, 0x06dc,
-	0x06de, 0x06ff,
-	0x0750, 0x077f,
-	0x0870, 0x088e,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x0898, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x08ff,
-	0xfb50, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
-	0xfd40, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdff,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-}; /* CR_Arabic */
-
-/* 'Syriac': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Syriac[] = {
-	4,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x074f,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-}; /* CR_Syriac */
-
-/* 'Thaana': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Thaana[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0780, 0x07b1,
-}; /* CR_Thaana */
-
-/* 'Devanagari': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Devanagari[] = {
-	4,
-	0x0900, 0x0950,
-	0x0955, 0x0963,
-	0x0966, 0x097f,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8ff,
-}; /* CR_Devanagari */
-
-/* 'Bengali': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bengali[] = {
-	14,
-	0x0980, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-}; /* CR_Bengali */
-
-/* 'Gurmukhi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gurmukhi[] = {
-	16,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-}; /* CR_Gurmukhi */
-
-/* 'Gujarati': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gujarati[] = {
-	14,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-}; /* CR_Gujarati */
-
-/* 'Oriya': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Oriya[] = {
-	14,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-}; /* CR_Oriya */
-
-/* 'Tamil': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tamil[] = {
-	18,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
-}; /* CR_Tamil */
-
-/* 'Telugu': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Telugu[] = {
-	13,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c7f,
-}; /* CR_Telugu */
-
-/* 'Kannada': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kannada[] = {
-	13,
-	0x0c80, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-}; /* CR_Kannada */
-
-/* 'Malayalam': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Malayalam[] = {
-	7,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-}; /* CR_Malayalam */
-
-/* 'Sinhala': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sinhala[] = {
-	13,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-}; /* CR_Sinhala */
-
-/* 'Thai': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Thai[] = {
-	2,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e5b,
-}; /* CR_Thai */
-
-/* 'Lao': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lao[] = {
-	11,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-}; /* CR_Lao */
-
-/* 'Tibetan': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tibetan[] = {
-	7,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fd4,
-	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
-}; /* CR_Tibetan */
-
-/* 'Myanmar': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Myanmar[] = {
-	3,
-	0x1000, 0x109f,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa7f,
-}; /* CR_Myanmar */
-
-/* 'Georgian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Georgian[] = {
-	10,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
-	0x10fc, 0x10ff,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-}; /* CR_Georgian */
-
-/* 'Hangul': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hangul[] = {
-	14,
-	0x1100, 0x11ff,
-	0x302e, 0x302f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3200, 0x321e,
-	0x3260, 0x327e,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-}; /* CR_Hangul */
-
-/* 'Ethiopic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ethiopic[] = {
-	36,
-	0x1200, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-}; /* CR_Ethiopic */
-
-/* 'Cherokee': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cherokee[] = {
-	3,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-}; /* CR_Cherokee */
-
-/* 'Canadian_Aboriginal': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Canadian_Aboriginal[] = {
-	3,
-	0x1400, 0x167f,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11abf,
-}; /* CR_Canadian_Aboriginal */
-
-/* 'Ogham': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ogham[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-}; /* CR_Ogham */
-
-/* 'Runic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Runic[] = {
-	2,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
-	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
-}; /* CR_Runic */
-
-/* 'Khmer': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khmer[] = {
-	4,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x19e0, 0x19ff,
-}; /* CR_Khmer */
-
-/* 'Mongolian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mongolian[] = {
-	6,
-	0x1800, 0x1801,
-	0x1804, 0x1804,
-	0x1806, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-}; /* CR_Mongolian */
-
-/* 'Hiragana': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hiragana[] = {
-	5,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x309d, 0x309f,
-	0x1b001, 0x1b11f,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1f200, 0x1f200,
-}; /* CR_Hiragana */
-
-/* 'Katakana': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Katakana[] = {
-	13,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
-	0x30fd, 0x30ff,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3357,
-	0xff66, 0xff6f,
-	0xff71, 0xff9d,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b000,
-	0x1b120, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-}; /* CR_Katakana */
-
-/* 'Bopomofo': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bopomofo[] = {
-	3,
-	0x02ea, 0x02eb,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-}; /* CR_Bopomofo */
-
-/* 'Han': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Han[] = {
-	20,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x3005, 0x3005,
-	0x3007, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3038, 0x303b,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0x16fe2, 0x16fe3,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Han */
-
-/* 'Yi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Yi[] = {
-	2,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-}; /* CR_Yi */
-
-/* 'Old_Italic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Italic[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1032f,
-}; /* CR_Old_Italic */
-
-/* 'Gothic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gothic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-}; /* CR_Gothic */
-
-/* 'Deseret': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Deseret[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10400, 0x1044f,
-}; /* CR_Deseret */
-
-/* 'Inherited': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Inherited[] = {
-	29,
-	0x0300, 0x036f,
-	0x0485, 0x0486,
-	0x064b, 0x0655,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x0951, 0x0954,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
-	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
-	0x200c, 0x200d,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x302a, 0x302d,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2d,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x1133b, 0x1133b,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Inherited */
-
-/* 'Tagalog': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tagalog[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x171f,
-}; /* CR_Tagalog */
-
-/* 'Hanunoo': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hanunoo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1720, 0x1734,
-}; /* CR_Hanunoo */
-
-/* 'Buhid': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Buhid[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-}; /* CR_Buhid */
-
-/* 'Tagbanwa': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tagbanwa[] = {
-	3,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-}; /* CR_Tagbanwa */
-
-/* 'Limbu': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Limbu[] = {
-	5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x194f,
-}; /* CR_Limbu */
-
-/* 'Tai_Le': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tai_Le[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1950, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-}; /* CR_Tai_Le */
-
-/* 'Linear_B': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Linear_B[] = {
-	7,
-	0x10000, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-}; /* CR_Linear_B */
-
-/* 'Ugaritic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ugaritic[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
-}; /* CR_Ugaritic */
-
-/* 'Shavian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Shavian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10450, 0x1047f,
-}; /* CR_Shavian */
-
-/* 'Osmanya': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Osmanya[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10480, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-}; /* CR_Osmanya */
-
-/* 'Cypriot': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cypriot[] = {
-	6,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
-}; /* CR_Cypriot */
-
-/* 'Braille': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Braille[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2800, 0x28ff,
-}; /* CR_Braille */
-
-/* 'Buginese': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Buginese[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-}; /* CR_Buginese */
-
-/* 'Coptic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Coptic[] = {
-	3,
-	0x03e2, 0x03ef,
-	0x2c80, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2cff,
-}; /* CR_Coptic */
-
-/* 'New_Tai_Lue': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_New_Tai_Lue[] = {
-	4,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x19df,
-}; /* CR_New_Tai_Lue */
-
-/* 'Glagolitic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Glagolitic[] = {
-	6,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c5f,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-}; /* CR_Glagolitic */
-
-/* 'Tifinagh': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tifinagh[] = {
-	3,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-}; /* CR_Tifinagh */
-
-/* 'Syloti_Nagri': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Syloti_Nagri[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa800, 0xa82c,
-}; /* CR_Syloti_Nagri */
-
-/* 'Old_Persian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Persian[] = {
-	2,
-	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-}; /* CR_Old_Persian */
-
-/* 'Kharoshthi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kharoshthi[] = {
-	8,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-}; /* CR_Kharoshthi */
-
-/* 'Balinese': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Balinese[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
-}; /* CR_Balinese */
-
-/* 'Cuneiform': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cuneiform[] = {
-	4,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-}; /* CR_Cuneiform */
-
-/* 'Phoenician': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Phoenician[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
-}; /* CR_Phoenician */
-
-/* 'Phags_Pa': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Phags_Pa[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-}; /* CR_Phags_Pa */
-
-/* 'Nko': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nko[] = {
-	2,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x07ff,
-}; /* CR_Nko */
-
-/* 'Sundanese': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sundanese[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bbf,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-}; /* CR_Sundanese */
-
-/* 'Lepcha': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lepcha[] = {
-	3,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
-}; /* CR_Lepcha */
-
-/* 'Ol_Chiki': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ol_Chiki[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1c50, 0x1c7f,
-}; /* CR_Ol_Chiki */
-
-/* 'Vai': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Vai[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa500, 0xa62b,
-}; /* CR_Vai */
-
-/* 'Saurashtra': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Saurashtra[] = {
-	2,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-}; /* CR_Saurashtra */
-
-/* 'Kayah_Li': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kayah_Li[] = {
-	2,
-	0xa900, 0xa92d,
-	0xa92f, 0xa92f,
-}; /* CR_Kayah_Li */
-
-/* 'Rejang': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Rejang[] = {
-	2,
-	0xa930, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
-}; /* CR_Rejang */
-
-/* 'Lycian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lycian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-}; /* CR_Lycian */
-
-/* 'Carian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Carian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-}; /* CR_Carian */
-
-/* 'Lydian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lydian[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10920, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-}; /* CR_Lydian */
-
-/* 'Cham': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cham[] = {
-	4,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
-}; /* CR_Cham */
-
-/* 'Tai_Tham': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tai_Tham[] = {
-	5,
-	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-}; /* CR_Tai_Tham */
-
-/* 'Tai_Viet': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tai_Viet[] = {
-	2,
-	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadf,
-}; /* CR_Tai_Viet */
-
-/* 'Avestan': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Avestan[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
-}; /* CR_Avestan */
-
-/* 'Egyptian_Hieroglyphs': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
-	2,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-}; /* CR_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs */
-
-/* 'Samaritan': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Samaritan[] = {
-	2,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-}; /* CR_Samaritan */
-
-/* 'Lisu': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lisu[] = {
-	2,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4ff,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-}; /* CR_Lisu */
-
-/* 'Bamum': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bamum[] = {
-	2,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6f7,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-}; /* CR_Bamum */
-
-/* 'Javanese': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Javanese[] = {
-	3,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9d0, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-}; /* CR_Javanese */
-
-/* 'Meetei_Mayek': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Meetei_Mayek[] = {
-	3,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaf6,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-}; /* CR_Meetei_Mayek */
-
-/* 'Imperial_Aramaic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Imperial_Aramaic[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10840, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1085f,
-}; /* CR_Imperial_Aramaic */
-
-/* 'Old_South_Arabian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_South_Arabian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
-}; /* CR_Old_South_Arabian */
-
-/* 'Inscriptional_Parthian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Inscriptional_Parthian[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b5f,
-}; /* CR_Inscriptional_Parthian */
-
-/* 'Inscriptional_Pahlavi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Inscriptional_Pahlavi[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-}; /* CR_Inscriptional_Pahlavi */
-
-/* 'Old_Turkic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Turkic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-}; /* CR_Old_Turkic */
-
-/* 'Kaithi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kaithi[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11080, 0x110c2,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-}; /* CR_Kaithi */
-
-/* 'Batak': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Batak[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1bc0, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
-}; /* CR_Batak */
-
-/* 'Brahmi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Brahmi[] = {
-	3,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x1107f,
-}; /* CR_Brahmi */
-
-/* 'Mandaic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mandaic[] = {
-	2,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-}; /* CR_Mandaic */
-
-/* 'Chakma': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Chakma[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-}; /* CR_Chakma */
-
-/* 'Meroitic_Cursive': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Meroitic_Cursive[] = {
-	3,
-	0x109a0, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x109ff,
-}; /* CR_Meroitic_Cursive */
-
-/* 'Meroitic_Hieroglyphs': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10980, 0x1099f,
-}; /* CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs */
-
-/* 'Miao': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Miao[] = {
-	3,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-}; /* CR_Miao */
-
-/* 'Sharada': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sharada[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11180, 0x111df,
-}; /* CR_Sharada */
-
-/* 'Sora_Sompeng': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sora_Sompeng[] = {
-	2,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-}; /* CR_Sora_Sompeng */
-
-/* 'Takri': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Takri[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11680, 0x116b9,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-}; /* CR_Takri */
-
-/* 'Caucasian_Albanian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Caucasian_Albanian[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-}; /* CR_Caucasian_Albanian */
-
-/* 'Bassa_Vah': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bassa_Vah[] = {
-	2,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-}; /* CR_Bassa_Vah */
-
-/* 'Duployan': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Duployan[] = {
-	5,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9f,
-}; /* CR_Duployan */
-
-/* 'Elbasan': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Elbasan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-}; /* CR_Elbasan */
-
-/* 'Grantha': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grantha[] = {
-	15,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133c, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-}; /* CR_Grantha */
-
-/* 'Pahawh_Hmong': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pahawh_Hmong[] = {
-	5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-}; /* CR_Pahawh_Hmong */
-
-/* 'Khojki': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khojki[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-}; /* CR_Khojki */
-
-/* 'Linear_A': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Linear_A[] = {
-	3,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-}; /* CR_Linear_A */
-
-/* 'Mahajani': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mahajani[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-}; /* CR_Mahajani */
-
-/* 'Manichaean': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Manichaean[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-}; /* CR_Manichaean */
-
-/* 'Mende_Kikakui': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mende_Kikakui[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-}; /* CR_Mende_Kikakui */
-
-/* 'Modi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Modi[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-}; /* CR_Modi */
-
-/* 'Mro': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mro[] = {
-	3,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-}; /* CR_Mro */
-
-/* 'Old_North_Arabian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_North_Arabian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10a80, 0x10a9f,
-}; /* CR_Old_North_Arabian */
-
-/* 'Nabataean': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nabataean[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10880, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-}; /* CR_Nabataean */
-
-/* 'Palmyrene': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Palmyrene[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10860, 0x1087f,
-}; /* CR_Palmyrene */
-
-/* 'Pau_Cin_Hau': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pau_Cin_Hau[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-}; /* CR_Pau_Cin_Hau */
-
-/* 'Old_Permic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Permic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-}; /* CR_Old_Permic */
-
-/* 'Psalter_Pahlavi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Psalter_Pahlavi[] = {
-	3,
-	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-}; /* CR_Psalter_Pahlavi */
-
-/* 'Siddham': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Siddham[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-}; /* CR_Siddham */
-
-/* 'Khudawadi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khudawadi[] = {
-	2,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-}; /* CR_Khudawadi */
-
-/* 'Tirhuta': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tirhuta[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-}; /* CR_Tirhuta */
-
-/* 'Warang_Citi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Warang_Citi[] = {
-	2,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-}; /* CR_Warang_Citi */
-
-/* 'Ahom': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ahom[] = {
-	3,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11746,
-}; /* CR_Ahom */
-
-/* 'Anatolian_Hieroglyphs': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-}; /* CR_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs */
-
-/* 'Hatran': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hatran[] = {
-	3,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x108ff,
-}; /* CR_Hatran */
-
-/* 'Multani': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Multani[] = {
-	5,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-}; /* CR_Multani */
-
-/* 'Old_Hungarian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Hungarian[] = {
-	3,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
-}; /* CR_Old_Hungarian */
-
-/* 'SignWriting': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_SignWriting[] = {
-	3,
-	0x1d800, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-}; /* CR_SignWriting */
-
-/* 'Adlam': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Adlam[] = {
-	3,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-}; /* CR_Adlam */
-
-/* 'Bhaiksuki': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bhaiksuki[] = {
-	4,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-}; /* CR_Bhaiksuki */
-
-/* 'Marchen': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Marchen[] = {
-	3,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-}; /* CR_Marchen */
-
-/* 'Newa': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Newa[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11400, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x11461,
-}; /* CR_Newa */
-
-/* 'Osage': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Osage[] = {
-	2,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-}; /* CR_Osage */
-
-/* 'Tangut': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tangut[] = {
-	4,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe0,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18aff,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-}; /* CR_Tangut */
-
-/* 'Masaram_Gondi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Masaram_Gondi[] = {
-	7,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-}; /* CR_Masaram_Gondi */
-
-/* 'Nushu': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nushu[] = {
-	2,
-	0x16fe1, 0x16fe1,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-}; /* CR_Nushu */
-
-/* 'Soyombo': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Soyombo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-}; /* CR_Soyombo */
-
-/* 'Zanabazar_Square': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zanabazar_Square[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-}; /* CR_Zanabazar_Square */
-
-/* 'Dogra': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Dogra[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-}; /* CR_Dogra */
-
-/* 'Gunjala_Gondi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gunjala_Gondi[] = {
-	6,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-}; /* CR_Gunjala_Gondi */
-
-/* 'Makasar': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Makasar[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-}; /* CR_Makasar */
-
-/* 'Medefaidrin': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Medefaidrin[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-}; /* CR_Medefaidrin */
-
-/* 'Hanifi_Rohingya': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hanifi_Rohingya[] = {
-	2,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-}; /* CR_Hanifi_Rohingya */
-
-/* 'Sogdian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sogdian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-}; /* CR_Sogdian */
-
-/* 'Old_Sogdian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Sogdian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-}; /* CR_Old_Sogdian */
-
-/* 'Elymaic': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Elymaic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-}; /* CR_Elymaic */
-
-/* 'Nandinagari': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nandinagari[] = {
-	3,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-}; /* CR_Nandinagari */
-
-/* 'Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong[] = {
-	4,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-}; /* CR_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong */
-
-/* 'Wancho': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Wancho[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-}; /* CR_Wancho */
-
-/* 'Chorasmian': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Chorasmian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-}; /* CR_Chorasmian */
-
-/* 'Dives_Akuru': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Dives_Akuru[] = {
-	8,
-	0x11900, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-}; /* CR_Dives_Akuru */
-
-/* 'Khitan_Small_Script': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khitan_Small_Script[] = {
-	2,
-	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
-	0x18b00, 0x18cd5,
-}; /* CR_Khitan_Small_Script */
-
-/* 'Yezidi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Yezidi[] = {
-	3,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-}; /* CR_Yezidi */
-
-/* 'Cypro_Minoan': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cypro_Minoan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
-}; /* CR_Cypro_Minoan */
-
-/* 'Old_Uyghur': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Uyghur[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
-}; /* CR_Old_Uyghur */
-
-/* 'Tangsa': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tangsa[] = {
-	2,
-	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-}; /* CR_Tangsa */
-
-/* 'Toto': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Toto[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-}; /* CR_Toto */
-
-/* 'Vithkuqi': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Vithkuqi[] = {
-	8,
-	0x10570, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-}; /* CR_Vithkuqi */
-
-/* 'White_Space': Binary Property */
-#define CR_White_Space CR_Space
-
-/* 'Bidi_Control': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bidi_Control[] = {
-	4,
-	0x061c, 0x061c,
-	0x200e, 0x200f,
-	0x202a, 0x202e,
-	0x2066, 0x2069,
-}; /* CR_Bidi_Control */
-
-/* 'Join_Control': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Join_Control[] = {
-	1,
-	0x200c, 0x200d,
-}; /* CR_Join_Control */
-
-/* 'Dash': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Dash[] = {
-	23,
-	0x002d, 0x002d,
-	0x058a, 0x058a,
-	0x05be, 0x05be,
-	0x1400, 0x1400,
-	0x1806, 0x1806,
-	0x2010, 0x2015,
-	0x2053, 0x2053,
-	0x207b, 0x207b,
-	0x208b, 0x208b,
-	0x2212, 0x2212,
-	0x2e17, 0x2e17,
-	0x2e1a, 0x2e1a,
-	0x2e3a, 0x2e3b,
-	0x2e40, 0x2e40,
-	0x2e5d, 0x2e5d,
-	0x301c, 0x301c,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
-	0xfe31, 0xfe32,
-	0xfe58, 0xfe58,
-	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
-	0xff0d, 0xff0d,
-	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
-}; /* CR_Dash */
-
-/* 'Hyphen': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hyphen[] = {
-	10,
-	0x002d, 0x002d,
-	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
-	0x058a, 0x058a,
-	0x1806, 0x1806,
-	0x2010, 0x2011,
-	0x2e17, 0x2e17,
-	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
-	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
-	0xff0d, 0xff0d,
-	0xff65, 0xff65,
-}; /* CR_Hyphen */
-
-/* 'Quotation_Mark': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Quotation_Mark[] = {
-	13,
-	0x0022, 0x0022,
-	0x0027, 0x0027,
-	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
-	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
-	0x2018, 0x201f,
-	0x2039, 0x203a,
-	0x2e42, 0x2e42,
-	0x300c, 0x300f,
-	0x301d, 0x301f,
-	0xfe41, 0xfe44,
-	0xff02, 0xff02,
-	0xff07, 0xff07,
-	0xff62, 0xff63,
-}; /* CR_Quotation_Mark */
-
-/* 'Terminal_Punctuation': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Terminal_Punctuation[] = {
-	107,
-	0x0021, 0x0021,
-	0x002c, 0x002c,
-	0x002e, 0x002e,
-	0x003a, 0x003b,
-	0x003f, 0x003f,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x0589, 0x0589,
-	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061d, 0x061f,
-	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
-	0x0700, 0x070a,
-	0x070c, 0x070c,
-	0x07f8, 0x07f9,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0964, 0x0965,
-	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0f08, 0x0f08,
-	0x0f0d, 0x0f12,
-	0x104a, 0x104b,
-	0x1361, 0x1368,
-	0x166e, 0x166e,
-	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
-	0x1735, 0x1736,
-	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
-	0x17da, 0x17da,
-	0x1802, 0x1805,
-	0x1808, 0x1809,
-	0x1944, 0x1945,
-	0x1aa8, 0x1aab,
-	0x1b5a, 0x1b5b,
-	0x1b5d, 0x1b5f,
-	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
-	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
-	0x203c, 0x203d,
-	0x2047, 0x2049,
-	0x2e2e, 0x2e2e,
-	0x2e3c, 0x2e3c,
-	0x2e41, 0x2e41,
-	0x2e4c, 0x2e4c,
-	0x2e4e, 0x2e4f,
-	0x2e53, 0x2e54,
-	0x3001, 0x3002,
-	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
-	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
-	0xa6f3, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa876, 0xa877,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
-	0xa92f, 0xa92f,
-	0xa9c7, 0xa9c9,
-	0xaa5d, 0xaa5f,
-	0xaadf, 0xaadf,
-	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
-	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
-	0xfe50, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe57,
-	0xff01, 0xff01,
-	0xff0c, 0xff0c,
-	0xff0e, 0xff0e,
-	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
-	0xff1f, 0xff1f,
-	0xff61, 0xff61,
-	0xff64, 0xff64,
-	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
-	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
-	0x10857, 0x10857,
-	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
-	0x10a56, 0x10a57,
-	0x10af0, 0x10af5,
-	0x10b3a, 0x10b3f,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
-	0x11047, 0x1104d,
-	0x110be, 0x110c1,
-	0x11141, 0x11143,
-	0x111c5, 0x111c6,
-	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
-	0x111de, 0x111df,
-	0x11238, 0x1123c,
-	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
-	0x1144b, 0x1144d,
-	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
-	0x115c2, 0x115c5,
-	0x115c9, 0x115d7,
-	0x11641, 0x11642,
-	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
-	0x11944, 0x11944,
-	0x11946, 0x11946,
-	0x11a42, 0x11a43,
-	0x11a9b, 0x11a9c,
-	0x11aa1, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11c41, 0x11c43,
-	0x11c71, 0x11c71,
-	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b37, 0x16b39,
-	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
-	0x16e97, 0x16e98,
-	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
-	0x1da87, 0x1da8a,
-}; /* CR_Terminal_Punctuation */
-
-/* 'Other_Math': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Math[] = {
-	134,
-	0x005e, 0x005e,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d2,
-	0x03d5, 0x03d5,
-	0x03f0, 0x03f1,
-	0x03f4, 0x03f5,
-	0x2016, 0x2016,
-	0x2032, 0x2034,
-	0x2040, 0x2040,
-	0x2061, 0x2064,
-	0x207d, 0x207e,
-	0x208d, 0x208e,
-	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
-	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
-	0x20e5, 0x20e6,
-	0x20eb, 0x20ef,
-	0x2102, 0x2102,
-	0x2107, 0x2107,
-	0x210a, 0x2113,
-	0x2115, 0x2115,
-	0x2119, 0x211d,
-	0x2124, 0x2124,
-	0x2128, 0x2129,
-	0x212c, 0x212d,
-	0x212f, 0x2131,
-	0x2133, 0x2138,
-	0x213c, 0x213f,
-	0x2145, 0x2149,
-	0x2195, 0x2199,
-	0x219c, 0x219f,
-	0x21a1, 0x21a2,
-	0x21a4, 0x21a5,
-	0x21a7, 0x21a7,
-	0x21a9, 0x21ad,
-	0x21b0, 0x21b1,
-	0x21b6, 0x21b7,
-	0x21bc, 0x21cd,
-	0x21d0, 0x21d1,
-	0x21d3, 0x21d3,
-	0x21d5, 0x21db,
-	0x21dd, 0x21dd,
-	0x21e4, 0x21e5,
-	0x2308, 0x230b,
-	0x23b4, 0x23b5,
-	0x23b7, 0x23b7,
-	0x23d0, 0x23d0,
-	0x23e2, 0x23e2,
-	0x25a0, 0x25a1,
-	0x25ae, 0x25b6,
-	0x25bc, 0x25c0,
-	0x25c6, 0x25c7,
-	0x25ca, 0x25cb,
-	0x25cf, 0x25d3,
-	0x25e2, 0x25e2,
-	0x25e4, 0x25e4,
-	0x25e7, 0x25ec,
-	0x2605, 0x2606,
-	0x2640, 0x2640,
-	0x2642, 0x2642,
-	0x2660, 0x2663,
-	0x266d, 0x266e,
-	0x27c5, 0x27c6,
-	0x27e6, 0x27ef,
-	0x2983, 0x2998,
-	0x29d8, 0x29db,
-	0x29fc, 0x29fd,
-	0xfe61, 0xfe61,
-	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
-	0xff3c, 0xff3c,
-	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
-	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
-	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
-	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
-	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
-	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
-	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
-	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
-	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
-	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
-	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-}; /* CR_Other_Math */
-
-/* 'Hex_Digit': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hex_Digit[] = {
-	6,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x0041, 0x0046,
-	0x0061, 0x0066,
-	0xff10, 0xff19,
-	0xff21, 0xff26,
-	0xff41, 0xff46,
-}; /* CR_Hex_Digit */
-
-/* 'ASCII_Hex_Digit': Binary Property */
-#define CR_ASCII_Hex_Digit CR_XDigit
-
-/* 'Other_Alphabetic': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Alphabetic[] = {
-	233,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x05b0, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x064b, 0x0657,
-	0x0659, 0x065f,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
-	0x06e1, 0x06e4,
-	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ed, 0x06ed,
-	0x0711, 0x0711,
-	0x0730, 0x073f,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x0816, 0x0817,
-	0x081b, 0x0823,
-	0x0825, 0x0827,
-	0x0829, 0x082c,
-	0x08d4, 0x08df,
-	0x08e3, 0x08e9,
-	0x08f0, 0x0903,
-	0x093a, 0x093b,
-	0x093e, 0x094c,
-	0x094e, 0x094f,
-	0x0955, 0x0957,
-	0x0962, 0x0963,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4c,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
-	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0abe, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
-	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0afa, 0x0afc,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b3e, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4c,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccc,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
-	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e4d, 0x0e4d,
-	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
-	0x0eb4, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebc,
-	0x0ecd, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f81,
-	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x102b, 0x1036,
-	0x1038, 0x1038,
-	0x103b, 0x103e,
-	0x1056, 0x1059,
-	0x105e, 0x1060,
-	0x1062, 0x1064,
-	0x1067, 0x106d,
-	0x1071, 0x1074,
-	0x1082, 0x108d,
-	0x108f, 0x108f,
-	0x109a, 0x109d,
-	0x1712, 0x1713,
-	0x1732, 0x1733,
-	0x1752, 0x1753,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x17b6, 0x17c8,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x1938,
-	0x1a17, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a55, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a61, 0x1a74,
-	0x1abf, 0x1ac0,
-	0x1acc, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b04,
-	0x1b35, 0x1b43,
-	0x1b80, 0x1b82,
-	0x1ba1, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bac, 0x1bad,
-	0x1be7, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c24, 0x1c36,
-	0x1de7, 0x1df4,
-	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0xa674, 0xa67b,
-	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
-	0xa802, 0xa802,
-	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
-	0xa823, 0xa827,
-	0xa880, 0xa881,
-	0xa8b4, 0xa8c3,
-	0xa8c5, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa926, 0xa92a,
-	0xa947, 0xa952,
-	0xa980, 0xa983,
-	0xa9b4, 0xa9bf,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
-	0xaa29, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
-	0xaa4c, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa7b, 0xaa7d,
-	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
-	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
-	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
-	0xaabe, 0xaabe,
-	0xaaeb, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf5, 0xaaf5,
-	0xabe3, 0xabea,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0x10376, 0x1037a,
-	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
-	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x11000, 0x11002,
-	0x11038, 0x11045,
-	0x11073, 0x11074,
-	0x11082, 0x11082,
-	0x110b0, 0x110b8,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x11100, 0x11102,
-	0x11127, 0x11132,
-	0x11145, 0x11146,
-	0x11180, 0x11182,
-	0x111b3, 0x111bf,
-	0x111ce, 0x111cf,
-	0x1122c, 0x11234,
-	0x11237, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x112df, 0x112e8,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x1133e, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134c,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x11362, 0x11363,
-	0x11435, 0x11441,
-	0x11443, 0x11445,
-	0x114b0, 0x114c1,
-	0x115af, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115be,
-	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
-	0x11630, 0x1163e,
-	0x11640, 0x11640,
-	0x116ab, 0x116b5,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172a,
-	0x1182c, 0x11838,
-	0x11930, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x11940, 0x11940,
-	0x11942, 0x11942,
-	0x119d1, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119df,
-	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
-	0x11a35, 0x11a39,
-	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a51, 0x11a5b,
-	0x11a8a, 0x11a97,
-	0x11c2f, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3e,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d41,
-	0x11d43, 0x11d43,
-	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d96,
-	0x11ef3, 0x11ef6,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
-	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x1bc9e, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e947, 0x1e947,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-}; /* CR_Other_Alphabetic */
-
-/* 'Ideographic': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ideographic[] = {
-	19,
-	0x3006, 0x3007,
-	0x3021, 0x3029,
-	0x3038, 0x303a,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
-	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Ideographic */
-
-/* 'Diacritic': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Diacritic[] = {
-	192,
-	0x005e, 0x005e,
-	0x0060, 0x0060,
-	0x00a8, 0x00a8,
-	0x00af, 0x00af,
-	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
-	0x00b7, 0x00b8,
-	0x02b0, 0x034e,
-	0x0350, 0x0357,
-	0x035d, 0x0362,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x0384, 0x0385,
-	0x0483, 0x0487,
-	0x0559, 0x0559,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c4,
-	0x064b, 0x0652,
-	0x0657, 0x0658,
-	0x06df, 0x06e0,
-	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
-	0x06ea, 0x06ec,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x07eb, 0x07f5,
-	0x0818, 0x0819,
-	0x0898, 0x089f,
-	0x08c9, 0x08d2,
-	0x08e3, 0x08fe,
-	0x093c, 0x093c,
-	0x094d, 0x094d,
-	0x0951, 0x0954,
-	0x0971, 0x0971,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a4d, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
-	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
-	0x0afd, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
-	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b55,
-	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
-	0x0c4d, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
-	0x0ccd, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0e47, 0x0e4c,
-	0x0e4e, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0eba, 0x0eba,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecc,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
-	0x0f82, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x1037, 0x1037,
-	0x1039, 0x103a,
-	0x1063, 0x1064,
-	0x1069, 0x106d,
-	0x1087, 0x108d,
-	0x108f, 0x108f,
-	0x109a, 0x109b,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1714, 0x1715,
-	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
-	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
-	0x1939, 0x193b,
-	0x1a75, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1ac1, 0x1acb,
-	0x1b34, 0x1b34,
-	0x1b44, 0x1b44,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1baa, 0x1bab,
-	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c78, 0x1c7d,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf7, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
-	0x1dc4, 0x1dcf,
-	0x1df5, 0x1dff,
-	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
-	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
-	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
-	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
-	0x302a, 0x302f,
-	0x3099, 0x309c,
-	0x30fc, 0x30fc,
-	0xa66f, 0xa66f,
-	0xa67c, 0xa67d,
-	0xa67f, 0xa67f,
-	0xa69c, 0xa69d,
-	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa700, 0xa721,
-	0xa788, 0xa78a,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
-	0xa8c4, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
-	0xa92b, 0xa92e,
-	0xa953, 0xa953,
-	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
-	0xa9c0, 0xa9c0,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
-	0xaa7b, 0xaa7d,
-	0xaabf, 0xaac2,
-	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab5b, 0xab5f,
-	0xab69, 0xab6b,
-	0xabec, 0xabed,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
-	0xff40, 0xff40,
-	0xff70, 0xff70,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0xffe3, 0xffe3,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10d22, 0x10d27,
-	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
-	0x11046, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
-	0x11133, 0x11134,
-	0x11173, 0x11173,
-	0x111c0, 0x111c0,
-	0x111ca, 0x111cc,
-	0x11235, 0x11236,
-	0x112e9, 0x112ea,
-	0x1133c, 0x1133c,
-	0x1134d, 0x1134d,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11442, 0x11442,
-	0x11446, 0x11446,
-	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
-	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
-	0x1163f, 0x1163f,
-	0x116b6, 0x116b7,
-	0x1172b, 0x1172b,
-	0x11839, 0x1183a,
-	0x1193d, 0x1193e,
-	0x11943, 0x11943,
-	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
-	0x11a34, 0x11a34,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a99, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11d42, 0x11d42,
-	0x11d44, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
-	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e946,
-	0x1e948, 0x1e94a,
-}; /* CR_Diacritic */
-
-/* 'Extender': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Extender[] = {
-	33,
-	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
-	0x02d0, 0x02d1,
-	0x0640, 0x0640,
-	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b55,
-	0x0e46, 0x0e46,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x180a, 0x180a,
-	0x1843, 0x1843,
-	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
-	0x1c36, 0x1c36,
-	0x1c7b, 0x1c7b,
-	0x3005, 0x3005,
-	0x3031, 0x3035,
-	0x309d, 0x309e,
-	0x30fc, 0x30fe,
-	0xa015, 0xa015,
-	0xa60c, 0xa60c,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
-	0xa9e6, 0xa9e6,
-	0xaa70, 0xaa70,
-	0xaadd, 0xaadd,
-	0xaaf3, 0xaaf4,
-	0xff70, 0xff70,
-	0x10781, 0x10782,
-	0x1135d, 0x1135d,
-	0x115c6, 0x115c8,
-	0x11a98, 0x11a98,
-	0x16b42, 0x16b43,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
-	0x1e13c, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e946,
-}; /* CR_Extender */
-
-/* 'Other_Lowercase': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Lowercase[] = {
-	20,
-	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
-	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
-	0x02b0, 0x02b8,
-	0x02c0, 0x02c1,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
-	0x0345, 0x0345,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
-	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
-	0x1d9b, 0x1dbf,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x207f, 0x207f,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x2170, 0x217f,
-	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
-	0x2c7c, 0x2c7d,
-	0xa69c, 0xa69d,
-	0xa770, 0xa770,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
-	0xab5c, 0xab5f,
-}; /* CR_Other_Lowercase */
-
-/* 'Other_Uppercase': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Uppercase[] = {
-	5,
-	0x2160, 0x216f,
-	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
-	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
-}; /* CR_Other_Uppercase */
-
-/* 'Noncharacter_Code_Point': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Noncharacter_Code_Point[] = {
-	18,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
-	0xfffe, 0xffff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xefffe, 0xeffff,
-	0xffffe, 0xfffff,
-	0x10fffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Noncharacter_Code_Point */
-
-/* 'Other_Grapheme_Extend': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Grapheme_Extend[] = {
-	25,
-	0x09be, 0x09be,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x0b3e, 0x0b3e,
-	0x0b57, 0x0b57,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bbe,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0cc2, 0x0cc2,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d3e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dcf,
-	0x0ddf, 0x0ddf,
-	0x1b35, 0x1b35,
-	0x200c, 0x200c,
-	0x302e, 0x302f,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0x1133e, 0x1133e,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x114b0, 0x114b0,
-	0x114bd, 0x114bd,
-	0x115af, 0x115af,
-	0x11930, 0x11930,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d165,
-	0x1d16e, 0x1d172,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-}; /* CR_Other_Grapheme_Extend */
-
-/* 'IDS_Binary_Operator': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_IDS_Binary_Operator[] = {
-	2,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ff1,
-	0x2ff4, 0x2ffb,
-}; /* CR_IDS_Binary_Operator */
-
-/* 'IDS_Trinary_Operator': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_IDS_Trinary_Operator[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2ff2, 0x2ff3,
-}; /* CR_IDS_Trinary_Operator */
-
-/* 'Radical': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Radical[] = {
-	3,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-}; /* CR_Radical */
-
-/* 'Unified_Ideograph': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Unified_Ideograph[] = {
-	15,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
-	0xfa0e, 0xfa0f,
-	0xfa11, 0xfa11,
-	0xfa13, 0xfa14,
-	0xfa1f, 0xfa1f,
-	0xfa21, 0xfa21,
-	0xfa23, 0xfa24,
-	0xfa27, 0xfa29,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x30000, 0x3134a,
-}; /* CR_Unified_Ideograph */
-
-/* 'Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point[] = {
-	11,
-	0x034f, 0x034f,
-	0x115f, 0x1160,
-	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
-	0x2065, 0x2065,
-	0x3164, 0x3164,
-	0xffa0, 0xffa0,
-	0xfff0, 0xfff8,
-	0xe0000, 0xe0000,
-	0xe0002, 0xe001f,
-	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
-	0xe01f0, 0xe0fff,
-}; /* CR_Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point */
-
-/* 'Deprecated': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Deprecated[] = {
-	8,
-	0x0149, 0x0149,
-	0x0673, 0x0673,
-	0x0f77, 0x0f77,
-	0x0f79, 0x0f79,
-	0x17a3, 0x17a4,
-	0x206a, 0x206f,
-	0x2329, 0x232a,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-}; /* CR_Deprecated */
-
-/* 'Soft_Dotted': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Soft_Dotted[] = {
-	32,
-	0x0069, 0x006a,
-	0x012f, 0x012f,
-	0x0249, 0x0249,
-	0x0268, 0x0268,
-	0x029d, 0x029d,
-	0x02b2, 0x02b2,
-	0x03f3, 0x03f3,
-	0x0456, 0x0456,
-	0x0458, 0x0458,
-	0x1d62, 0x1d62,
-	0x1d96, 0x1d96,
-	0x1da4, 0x1da4,
-	0x1da8, 0x1da8,
-	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
-	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
-	0x2071, 0x2071,
-	0x2148, 0x2149,
-	0x2c7c, 0x2c7c,
-	0x1d422, 0x1d423,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d457,
-	0x1d48a, 0x1d48b,
-	0x1d4be, 0x1d4bf,
-	0x1d4f2, 0x1d4f3,
-	0x1d526, 0x1d527,
-	0x1d55a, 0x1d55b,
-	0x1d58e, 0x1d58f,
-	0x1d5c2, 0x1d5c3,
-	0x1d5f6, 0x1d5f7,
-	0x1d62a, 0x1d62b,
-	0x1d65e, 0x1d65f,
-	0x1d692, 0x1d693,
-	0x1df1a, 0x1df1a,
-}; /* CR_Soft_Dotted */
-
-/* 'Logical_Order_Exception': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Logical_Order_Exception[] = {
-	7,
-	0x0e40, 0x0e44,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x19b5, 0x19b7,
-	0x19ba, 0x19ba,
-	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
-	0xaab9, 0xaab9,
-	0xaabb, 0xaabc,
-}; /* CR_Logical_Order_Exception */
-
-/* 'Other_ID_Start': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_ID_Start[] = {
-	4,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x2118, 0x2118,
-	0x212e, 0x212e,
-	0x309b, 0x309c,
-}; /* CR_Other_ID_Start */
-
-/* 'Other_ID_Continue': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_ID_Continue[] = {
-	4,
-	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
-	0x0387, 0x0387,
-	0x1369, 0x1371,
-	0x19da, 0x19da,
-}; /* CR_Other_ID_Continue */
-
-/* 'Sentence_Terminal': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sentence_Terminal[] = {
-	79,
-	0x0021, 0x0021,
-	0x002e, 0x002e,
-	0x003f, 0x003f,
-	0x0589, 0x0589,
-	0x061d, 0x061f,
-	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
-	0x0700, 0x0702,
-	0x07f9, 0x07f9,
-	0x0837, 0x0837,
-	0x0839, 0x0839,
-	0x083d, 0x083e,
-	0x0964, 0x0965,
-	0x104a, 0x104b,
-	0x1362, 0x1362,
-	0x1367, 0x1368,
-	0x166e, 0x166e,
-	0x1735, 0x1736,
-	0x1803, 0x1803,
-	0x1809, 0x1809,
-	0x1944, 0x1945,
-	0x1aa8, 0x1aab,
-	0x1b5a, 0x1b5b,
-	0x1b5e, 0x1b5f,
-	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c3c,
-	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
-	0x203c, 0x203d,
-	0x2047, 0x2049,
-	0x2e2e, 0x2e2e,
-	0x2e3c, 0x2e3c,
-	0x2e53, 0x2e54,
-	0x3002, 0x3002,
-	0xa4ff, 0xa4ff,
-	0xa60e, 0xa60f,
-	0xa6f3, 0xa6f3,
-	0xa6f7, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa876, 0xa877,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
-	0xa92f, 0xa92f,
-	0xa9c8, 0xa9c9,
-	0xaa5d, 0xaa5f,
-	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
-	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
-	0xfe52, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe56, 0xfe57,
-	0xff01, 0xff01,
-	0xff0e, 0xff0e,
-	0xff1f, 0xff1f,
-	0xff61, 0xff61,
-	0x10a56, 0x10a57,
-	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
-	0x11047, 0x11048,
-	0x110be, 0x110c1,
-	0x11141, 0x11143,
-	0x111c5, 0x111c6,
-	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
-	0x111de, 0x111df,
-	0x11238, 0x11239,
-	0x1123b, 0x1123c,
-	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
-	0x1144b, 0x1144c,
-	0x115c2, 0x115c3,
-	0x115c9, 0x115d7,
-	0x11641, 0x11642,
-	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
-	0x11944, 0x11944,
-	0x11946, 0x11946,
-	0x11a42, 0x11a43,
-	0x11a9b, 0x11a9c,
-	0x11c41, 0x11c42,
-	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b37, 0x16b38,
-	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
-	0x16e98, 0x16e98,
-	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
-	0x1da88, 0x1da88,
-}; /* CR_Sentence_Terminal */
-
-/* 'Variation_Selector': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Variation_Selector[] = {
-	4,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x180f,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Variation_Selector */
-
-/* 'Pattern_White_Space': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pattern_White_Space[] = {
-	5,
-	0x0009, 0x000d,
-	0x0020, 0x0020,
-	0x0085, 0x0085,
-	0x200e, 0x200f,
-	0x2028, 0x2029,
-}; /* CR_Pattern_White_Space */
-
-/* 'Pattern_Syntax': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pattern_Syntax[] = {
-	28,
-	0x0021, 0x002f,
-	0x003a, 0x0040,
-	0x005b, 0x005e,
-	0x0060, 0x0060,
-	0x007b, 0x007e,
-	0x00a1, 0x00a7,
-	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
-	0x00ab, 0x00ac,
-	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
-	0x00b0, 0x00b1,
-	0x00b6, 0x00b6,
-	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
-	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
-	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
-	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
-	0x2010, 0x2027,
-	0x2030, 0x203e,
-	0x2041, 0x2053,
-	0x2055, 0x205e,
-	0x2190, 0x245f,
-	0x2500, 0x2775,
-	0x2794, 0x2bff,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e7f,
-	0x3001, 0x3003,
-	0x3008, 0x3020,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfe45, 0xfe46,
-}; /* CR_Pattern_Syntax */
-
-/* 'Prepended_Concatenation_Mark': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Prepended_Concatenation_Mark[] = {
-	7,
-	0x0600, 0x0605,
-	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
-	0x070f, 0x070f,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
-	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-}; /* CR_Prepended_Concatenation_Mark */
-
-/* 'Regional_Indicator': Binary Property */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Regional_Indicator[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
-}; /* CR_Regional_Indicator */
-
-/* 'Emoji': Emoji */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji[] = {
-	153,
-	0x0023, 0x0023,
-	0x002a, 0x002a,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
-	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
-	0x203c, 0x203c,
-	0x2049, 0x2049,
-	0x2122, 0x2122,
-	0x2139, 0x2139,
-	0x2194, 0x2199,
-	0x21a9, 0x21aa,
-	0x231a, 0x231b,
-	0x2328, 0x2328,
-	0x23cf, 0x23cf,
-	0x23e9, 0x23f3,
-	0x23f8, 0x23fa,
-	0x24c2, 0x24c2,
-	0x25aa, 0x25ab,
-	0x25b6, 0x25b6,
-	0x25c0, 0x25c0,
-	0x25fb, 0x25fe,
-	0x2600, 0x2604,
-	0x260e, 0x260e,
-	0x2611, 0x2611,
-	0x2614, 0x2615,
-	0x2618, 0x2618,
-	0x261d, 0x261d,
-	0x2620, 0x2620,
-	0x2622, 0x2623,
-	0x2626, 0x2626,
-	0x262a, 0x262a,
-	0x262e, 0x262f,
-	0x2638, 0x263a,
-	0x2640, 0x2640,
-	0x2642, 0x2642,
-	0x2648, 0x2653,
-	0x265f, 0x2660,
-	0x2663, 0x2663,
-	0x2665, 0x2666,
-	0x2668, 0x2668,
-	0x267b, 0x267b,
-	0x267e, 0x267f,
-	0x2692, 0x2697,
-	0x2699, 0x2699,
-	0x269b, 0x269c,
-	0x26a0, 0x26a1,
-	0x26a7, 0x26a7,
-	0x26aa, 0x26ab,
-	0x26b0, 0x26b1,
-	0x26bd, 0x26be,
-	0x26c4, 0x26c5,
-	0x26c8, 0x26c8,
-	0x26ce, 0x26cf,
-	0x26d1, 0x26d1,
-	0x26d3, 0x26d4,
-	0x26e9, 0x26ea,
-	0x26f0, 0x26f5,
-	0x26f7, 0x26fa,
-	0x26fd, 0x26fd,
-	0x2702, 0x2702,
-	0x2705, 0x2705,
-	0x2708, 0x270d,
-	0x270f, 0x270f,
-	0x2712, 0x2712,
-	0x2714, 0x2714,
-	0x2716, 0x2716,
-	0x271d, 0x271d,
-	0x2721, 0x2721,
-	0x2728, 0x2728,
-	0x2733, 0x2734,
-	0x2744, 0x2744,
-	0x2747, 0x2747,
-	0x274c, 0x274c,
-	0x274e, 0x274e,
-	0x2753, 0x2755,
-	0x2757, 0x2757,
-	0x2763, 0x2764,
-	0x2795, 0x2797,
-	0x27a1, 0x27a1,
-	0x27b0, 0x27b0,
-	0x27bf, 0x27bf,
-	0x2934, 0x2935,
-	0x2b05, 0x2b07,
-	0x2b1b, 0x2b1c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b50,
-	0x2b55, 0x2b55,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0x303d, 0x303d,
-	0x3297, 0x3297,
-	0x3299, 0x3299,
-	0x1f004, 0x1f004,
-	0x1f0cf, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f171,
-	0x1f17e, 0x1f17f,
-	0x1f18e, 0x1f18e,
-	0x1f191, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
-	0x1f201, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f21a, 0x1f21a,
-	0x1f22f, 0x1f22f,
-	0x1f232, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f321,
-	0x1f324, 0x1f393,
-	0x1f396, 0x1f397,
-	0x1f399, 0x1f39b,
-	0x1f39e, 0x1f3f0,
-	0x1f3f3, 0x1f3f5,
-	0x1f3f7, 0x1f4fd,
-	0x1f4ff, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f549, 0x1f54e,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
-	0x1f56f, 0x1f570,
-	0x1f573, 0x1f57a,
-	0x1f587, 0x1f587,
-	0x1f58a, 0x1f58d,
-	0x1f590, 0x1f590,
-	0x1f595, 0x1f596,
-	0x1f5a4, 0x1f5a5,
-	0x1f5a8, 0x1f5a8,
-	0x1f5b1, 0x1f5b2,
-	0x1f5bc, 0x1f5bc,
-	0x1f5c2, 0x1f5c4,
-	0x1f5d1, 0x1f5d3,
-	0x1f5dc, 0x1f5de,
-	0x1f5e1, 0x1f5e1,
-	0x1f5e3, 0x1f5e3,
-	0x1f5e8, 0x1f5e8,
-	0x1f5ef, 0x1f5ef,
-	0x1f5f3, 0x1f5f3,
-	0x1f5fa, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
-	0x1f6cb, 0x1f6d2,
-	0x1f6d5, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6e5,
-	0x1f6e9, 0x1f6e9,
-	0x1f6eb, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f0,
-	0x1f6f3, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f90c, 0x1f93a,
-	0x1f93c, 0x1f945,
-	0x1f947, 0x1f9ff,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-}; /* CR_Emoji */
-
-/* 'Emoji_Presentation': Emoji */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Presentation[] = {
-	83,
-	0x231a, 0x231b,
-	0x23e9, 0x23ec,
-	0x23f0, 0x23f0,
-	0x23f3, 0x23f3,
-	0x25fd, 0x25fe,
-	0x2614, 0x2615,
-	0x2648, 0x2653,
-	0x267f, 0x267f,
-	0x2693, 0x2693,
-	0x26a1, 0x26a1,
-	0x26aa, 0x26ab,
-	0x26bd, 0x26be,
-	0x26c4, 0x26c5,
-	0x26ce, 0x26ce,
-	0x26d4, 0x26d4,
-	0x26ea, 0x26ea,
-	0x26f2, 0x26f3,
-	0x26f5, 0x26f5,
-	0x26fa, 0x26fa,
-	0x26fd, 0x26fd,
-	0x2705, 0x2705,
-	0x270a, 0x270b,
-	0x2728, 0x2728,
-	0x274c, 0x274c,
-	0x274e, 0x274e,
-	0x2753, 0x2755,
-	0x2757, 0x2757,
-	0x2795, 0x2797,
-	0x27b0, 0x27b0,
-	0x27bf, 0x27bf,
-	0x2b1b, 0x2b1c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b50,
-	0x2b55, 0x2b55,
-	0x1f004, 0x1f004,
-	0x1f0cf, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f18e, 0x1f18e,
-	0x1f191, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
-	0x1f201, 0x1f201,
-	0x1f21a, 0x1f21a,
-	0x1f22f, 0x1f22f,
-	0x1f232, 0x1f236,
-	0x1f238, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
-	0x1f32d, 0x1f335,
-	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
-	0x1f37e, 0x1f393,
-	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3ca,
-	0x1f3cf, 0x1f3d3,
-	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
-	0x1f3f4, 0x1f3f4,
-	0x1f3f8, 0x1f43e,
-	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
-	0x1f442, 0x1f4fc,
-	0x1f4ff, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f54b, 0x1f54e,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
-	0x1f57a, 0x1f57a,
-	0x1f595, 0x1f596,
-	0x1f5a4, 0x1f5a4,
-	0x1f5fb, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
-	0x1f6cc, 0x1f6cc,
-	0x1f6d0, 0x1f6d2,
-	0x1f6d5, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6df,
-	0x1f6eb, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f4, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f90c, 0x1f93a,
-	0x1f93c, 0x1f945,
-	0x1f947, 0x1f9ff,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-}; /* CR_Emoji_Presentation */
-
-/* 'Emoji_Modifier': Emoji */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Modifier[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
-}; /* CR_Emoji_Modifier */
-
-/* 'Emoji_Modifier_Base': Emoji */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Modifier_Base[] = {
-	40,
-	0x261d, 0x261d,
-	0x26f9, 0x26f9,
-	0x270a, 0x270d,
-	0x1f385, 0x1f385,
-	0x1f3c2, 0x1f3c4,
-	0x1f3c7, 0x1f3c7,
-	0x1f3ca, 0x1f3cc,
-	0x1f442, 0x1f443,
-	0x1f446, 0x1f450,
-	0x1f466, 0x1f478,
-	0x1f47c, 0x1f47c,
-	0x1f481, 0x1f483,
-	0x1f485, 0x1f487,
-	0x1f48f, 0x1f48f,
-	0x1f491, 0x1f491,
-	0x1f4aa, 0x1f4aa,
-	0x1f574, 0x1f575,
-	0x1f57a, 0x1f57a,
-	0x1f590, 0x1f590,
-	0x1f595, 0x1f596,
-	0x1f645, 0x1f647,
-	0x1f64b, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f6a3, 0x1f6a3,
-	0x1f6b4, 0x1f6b6,
-	0x1f6c0, 0x1f6c0,
-	0x1f6cc, 0x1f6cc,
-	0x1f90c, 0x1f90c,
-	0x1f90f, 0x1f90f,
-	0x1f918, 0x1f91f,
-	0x1f926, 0x1f926,
-	0x1f930, 0x1f939,
-	0x1f93c, 0x1f93e,
-	0x1f977, 0x1f977,
-	0x1f9b5, 0x1f9b6,
-	0x1f9b8, 0x1f9b9,
-	0x1f9bb, 0x1f9bb,
-	0x1f9cd, 0x1f9cf,
-	0x1f9d1, 0x1f9dd,
-	0x1fac3, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-}; /* CR_Emoji_Modifier_Base */
-
-/* 'Emoji_Component': Emoji */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Component[] = {
-	10,
-	0x0023, 0x0023,
-	0x002a, 0x002a,
-	0x0030, 0x0039,
-	0x200d, 0x200d,
-	0x20e3, 0x20e3,
-	0xfe0f, 0xfe0f,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
-	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
-	0x1f9b0, 0x1f9b3,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-}; /* CR_Emoji_Component */
-
-/* 'Extended_Pictographic': Emoji */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Extended_Pictographic[] = {
-	78,
-	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
-	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
-	0x203c, 0x203c,
-	0x2049, 0x2049,
-	0x2122, 0x2122,
-	0x2139, 0x2139,
-	0x2194, 0x2199,
-	0x21a9, 0x21aa,
-	0x231a, 0x231b,
-	0x2328, 0x2328,
-	0x2388, 0x2388,
-	0x23cf, 0x23cf,
-	0x23e9, 0x23f3,
-	0x23f8, 0x23fa,
-	0x24c2, 0x24c2,
-	0x25aa, 0x25ab,
-	0x25b6, 0x25b6,
-	0x25c0, 0x25c0,
-	0x25fb, 0x25fe,
-	0x2600, 0x2605,
-	0x2607, 0x2612,
-	0x2614, 0x2685,
-	0x2690, 0x2705,
-	0x2708, 0x2712,
-	0x2714, 0x2714,
-	0x2716, 0x2716,
-	0x271d, 0x271d,
-	0x2721, 0x2721,
-	0x2728, 0x2728,
-	0x2733, 0x2734,
-	0x2744, 0x2744,
-	0x2747, 0x2747,
-	0x274c, 0x274c,
-	0x274e, 0x274e,
-	0x2753, 0x2755,
-	0x2757, 0x2757,
-	0x2763, 0x2767,
-	0x2795, 0x2797,
-	0x27a1, 0x27a1,
-	0x27b0, 0x27b0,
-	0x27bf, 0x27bf,
-	0x2934, 0x2935,
-	0x2b05, 0x2b07,
-	0x2b1b, 0x2b1c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b50,
-	0x2b55, 0x2b55,
-	0x3030, 0x3030,
-	0x303d, 0x303d,
-	0x3297, 0x3297,
-	0x3299, 0x3299,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f0ff,
-	0x1f10d, 0x1f10f,
-	0x1f12f, 0x1f12f,
-	0x1f16c, 0x1f171,
-	0x1f17e, 0x1f17f,
-	0x1f18e, 0x1f18e,
-	0x1f191, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1ad, 0x1f1e5,
-	0x1f201, 0x1f20f,
-	0x1f21a, 0x1f21a,
-	0x1f22f, 0x1f22f,
-	0x1f232, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
-	0x1f249, 0x1f3fa,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f546, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6ff,
-	0x1f774, 0x1f77f,
-	0x1f7d5, 0x1f7ff,
-	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
-	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
-	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
-	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
-	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8ff,
-	0x1f90c, 0x1f93a,
-	0x1f93c, 0x1f945,
-	0x1f947, 0x1faff,
-	0x1fc00, 0x1fffd,
-}; /* CR_Extended_Pictographic */
-
-/* 'Unknown': Script */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Unknown[] = {
-	696,
-	0x0378, 0x0379,
-	0x0380, 0x0383,
-	0x038b, 0x038b,
-	0x038d, 0x038d,
-	0x03a2, 0x03a2,
-	0x0530, 0x0530,
-	0x0557, 0x0558,
-	0x058b, 0x058c,
-	0x0590, 0x0590,
-	0x05c8, 0x05cf,
-	0x05eb, 0x05ee,
-	0x05f5, 0x05ff,
-	0x070e, 0x070e,
-	0x074b, 0x074c,
-	0x07b2, 0x07bf,
-	0x07fb, 0x07fc,
-	0x082e, 0x082f,
-	0x083f, 0x083f,
-	0x085c, 0x085d,
-	0x085f, 0x085f,
-	0x086b, 0x086f,
-	0x088f, 0x088f,
-	0x0892, 0x0897,
-	0x0984, 0x0984,
-	0x098d, 0x098e,
-	0x0991, 0x0992,
-	0x09a9, 0x09a9,
-	0x09b1, 0x09b1,
-	0x09b3, 0x09b5,
-	0x09ba, 0x09bb,
-	0x09c5, 0x09c6,
-	0x09c9, 0x09ca,
-	0x09cf, 0x09d6,
-	0x09d8, 0x09db,
-	0x09de, 0x09de,
-	0x09e4, 0x09e5,
-	0x09ff, 0x0a00,
-	0x0a04, 0x0a04,
-	0x0a0b, 0x0a0e,
-	0x0a11, 0x0a12,
-	0x0a29, 0x0a29,
-	0x0a31, 0x0a31,
-	0x0a34, 0x0a34,
-	0x0a37, 0x0a37,
-	0x0a3a, 0x0a3b,
-	0x0a3d, 0x0a3d,
-	0x0a43, 0x0a46,
-	0x0a49, 0x0a4a,
-	0x0a4e, 0x0a50,
-	0x0a52, 0x0a58,
-	0x0a5d, 0x0a5d,
-	0x0a5f, 0x0a65,
-	0x0a77, 0x0a80,
-	0x0a84, 0x0a84,
-	0x0a8e, 0x0a8e,
-	0x0a92, 0x0a92,
-	0x0aa9, 0x0aa9,
-	0x0ab1, 0x0ab1,
-	0x0ab4, 0x0ab4,
-	0x0aba, 0x0abb,
-	0x0ac6, 0x0ac6,
-	0x0aca, 0x0aca,
-	0x0ace, 0x0acf,
-	0x0ad1, 0x0adf,
-	0x0ae4, 0x0ae5,
-	0x0af2, 0x0af8,
-	0x0b00, 0x0b00,
-	0x0b04, 0x0b04,
-	0x0b0d, 0x0b0e,
-	0x0b11, 0x0b12,
-	0x0b29, 0x0b29,
-	0x0b31, 0x0b31,
-	0x0b34, 0x0b34,
-	0x0b3a, 0x0b3b,
-	0x0b45, 0x0b46,
-	0x0b49, 0x0b4a,
-	0x0b4e, 0x0b54,
-	0x0b58, 0x0b5b,
-	0x0b5e, 0x0b5e,
-	0x0b64, 0x0b65,
-	0x0b78, 0x0b81,
-	0x0b84, 0x0b84,
-	0x0b8b, 0x0b8d,
-	0x0b91, 0x0b91,
-	0x0b96, 0x0b98,
-	0x0b9b, 0x0b9b,
-	0x0b9d, 0x0b9d,
-	0x0ba0, 0x0ba2,
-	0x0ba5, 0x0ba7,
-	0x0bab, 0x0bad,
-	0x0bba, 0x0bbd,
-	0x0bc3, 0x0bc5,
-	0x0bc9, 0x0bc9,
-	0x0bce, 0x0bcf,
-	0x0bd1, 0x0bd6,
-	0x0bd8, 0x0be5,
-	0x0bfb, 0x0bff,
-	0x0c0d, 0x0c0d,
-	0x0c11, 0x0c11,
-	0x0c29, 0x0c29,
-	0x0c3a, 0x0c3b,
-	0x0c45, 0x0c45,
-	0x0c49, 0x0c49,
-	0x0c4e, 0x0c54,
-	0x0c57, 0x0c57,
-	0x0c5b, 0x0c5c,
-	0x0c5e, 0x0c5f,
-	0x0c64, 0x0c65,
-	0x0c70, 0x0c76,
-	0x0c8d, 0x0c8d,
-	0x0c91, 0x0c91,
-	0x0ca9, 0x0ca9,
-	0x0cb4, 0x0cb4,
-	0x0cba, 0x0cbb,
-	0x0cc5, 0x0cc5,
-	0x0cc9, 0x0cc9,
-	0x0cce, 0x0cd4,
-	0x0cd7, 0x0cdc,
-	0x0cdf, 0x0cdf,
-	0x0ce4, 0x0ce5,
-	0x0cf0, 0x0cf0,
-	0x0cf3, 0x0cff,
-	0x0d0d, 0x0d0d,
-	0x0d11, 0x0d11,
-	0x0d45, 0x0d45,
-	0x0d49, 0x0d49,
-	0x0d50, 0x0d53,
-	0x0d64, 0x0d65,
-	0x0d80, 0x0d80,
-	0x0d84, 0x0d84,
-	0x0d97, 0x0d99,
-	0x0db2, 0x0db2,
-	0x0dbc, 0x0dbc,
-	0x0dbe, 0x0dbf,
-	0x0dc7, 0x0dc9,
-	0x0dcb, 0x0dce,
-	0x0dd5, 0x0dd5,
-	0x0dd7, 0x0dd7,
-	0x0de0, 0x0de5,
-	0x0df0, 0x0df1,
-	0x0df5, 0x0e00,
-	0x0e3b, 0x0e3e,
-	0x0e5c, 0x0e80,
-	0x0e83, 0x0e83,
-	0x0e85, 0x0e85,
-	0x0e8b, 0x0e8b,
-	0x0ea4, 0x0ea4,
-	0x0ea6, 0x0ea6,
-	0x0ebe, 0x0ebf,
-	0x0ec5, 0x0ec5,
-	0x0ec7, 0x0ec7,
-	0x0ece, 0x0ecf,
-	0x0eda, 0x0edb,
-	0x0ee0, 0x0eff,
-	0x0f48, 0x0f48,
-	0x0f6d, 0x0f70,
-	0x0f98, 0x0f98,
-	0x0fbd, 0x0fbd,
-	0x0fcd, 0x0fcd,
-	0x0fdb, 0x0fff,
-	0x10c6, 0x10c6,
-	0x10c8, 0x10cc,
-	0x10ce, 0x10cf,
-	0x1249, 0x1249,
-	0x124e, 0x124f,
-	0x1257, 0x1257,
-	0x1259, 0x1259,
-	0x125e, 0x125f,
-	0x1289, 0x1289,
-	0x128e, 0x128f,
-	0x12b1, 0x12b1,
-	0x12b6, 0x12b7,
-	0x12bf, 0x12bf,
-	0x12c1, 0x12c1,
-	0x12c6, 0x12c7,
-	0x12d7, 0x12d7,
-	0x1311, 0x1311,
-	0x1316, 0x1317,
-	0x135b, 0x135c,
-	0x137d, 0x137f,
-	0x139a, 0x139f,
-	0x13f6, 0x13f7,
-	0x13fe, 0x13ff,
-	0x169d, 0x169f,
-	0x16f9, 0x16ff,
-	0x1716, 0x171e,
-	0x1737, 0x173f,
-	0x1754, 0x175f,
-	0x176d, 0x176d,
-	0x1771, 0x1771,
-	0x1774, 0x177f,
-	0x17de, 0x17df,
-	0x17ea, 0x17ef,
-	0x17fa, 0x17ff,
-	0x181a, 0x181f,
-	0x1879, 0x187f,
-	0x18ab, 0x18af,
-	0x18f6, 0x18ff,
-	0x191f, 0x191f,
-	0x192c, 0x192f,
-	0x193c, 0x193f,
-	0x1941, 0x1943,
-	0x196e, 0x196f,
-	0x1975, 0x197f,
-	0x19ac, 0x19af,
-	0x19ca, 0x19cf,
-	0x19db, 0x19dd,
-	0x1a1c, 0x1a1d,
-	0x1a5f, 0x1a5f,
-	0x1a7d, 0x1a7e,
-	0x1a8a, 0x1a8f,
-	0x1a9a, 0x1a9f,
-	0x1aae, 0x1aaf,
-	0x1acf, 0x1aff,
-	0x1b4d, 0x1b4f,
-	0x1b7f, 0x1b7f,
-	0x1bf4, 0x1bfb,
-	0x1c38, 0x1c3a,
-	0x1c4a, 0x1c4c,
-	0x1c89, 0x1c8f,
-	0x1cbb, 0x1cbc,
-	0x1cc8, 0x1ccf,
-	0x1cfb, 0x1cff,
-	0x1f16, 0x1f17,
-	0x1f1e, 0x1f1f,
-	0x1f46, 0x1f47,
-	0x1f4e, 0x1f4f,
-	0x1f58, 0x1f58,
-	0x1f5a, 0x1f5a,
-	0x1f5c, 0x1f5c,
-	0x1f5e, 0x1f5e,
-	0x1f7e, 0x1f7f,
-	0x1fb5, 0x1fb5,
-	0x1fc5, 0x1fc5,
-	0x1fd4, 0x1fd5,
-	0x1fdc, 0x1fdc,
-	0x1ff0, 0x1ff1,
-	0x1ff5, 0x1ff5,
-	0x1fff, 0x1fff,
-	0x2065, 0x2065,
-	0x2072, 0x2073,
-	0x208f, 0x208f,
-	0x209d, 0x209f,
-	0x20c1, 0x20cf,
-	0x20f1, 0x20ff,
-	0x218c, 0x218f,
-	0x2427, 0x243f,
-	0x244b, 0x245f,
-	0x2b74, 0x2b75,
-	0x2b96, 0x2b96,
-	0x2cf4, 0x2cf8,
-	0x2d26, 0x2d26,
-	0x2d28, 0x2d2c,
-	0x2d2e, 0x2d2f,
-	0x2d68, 0x2d6e,
-	0x2d71, 0x2d7e,
-	0x2d97, 0x2d9f,
-	0x2da7, 0x2da7,
-	0x2daf, 0x2daf,
-	0x2db7, 0x2db7,
-	0x2dbf, 0x2dbf,
-	0x2dc7, 0x2dc7,
-	0x2dcf, 0x2dcf,
-	0x2dd7, 0x2dd7,
-	0x2ddf, 0x2ddf,
-	0x2e5e, 0x2e7f,
-	0x2e9a, 0x2e9a,
-	0x2ef4, 0x2eff,
-	0x2fd6, 0x2fef,
-	0x2ffc, 0x2fff,
-	0x3040, 0x3040,
-	0x3097, 0x3098,
-	0x3100, 0x3104,
-	0x3130, 0x3130,
-	0x318f, 0x318f,
-	0x31e4, 0x31ef,
-	0x321f, 0x321f,
-	0xa48d, 0xa48f,
-	0xa4c7, 0xa4cf,
-	0xa62c, 0xa63f,
-	0xa6f8, 0xa6ff,
-	0xa7cb, 0xa7cf,
-	0xa7d2, 0xa7d2,
-	0xa7d4, 0xa7d4,
-	0xa7da, 0xa7f1,
-	0xa82d, 0xa82f,
-	0xa83a, 0xa83f,
-	0xa878, 0xa87f,
-	0xa8c6, 0xa8cd,
-	0xa8da, 0xa8df,
-	0xa954, 0xa95e,
-	0xa97d, 0xa97f,
-	0xa9ce, 0xa9ce,
-	0xa9da, 0xa9dd,
-	0xa9ff, 0xa9ff,
-	0xaa37, 0xaa3f,
-	0xaa4e, 0xaa4f,
-	0xaa5a, 0xaa5b,
-	0xaac3, 0xaada,
-	0xaaf7, 0xab00,
-	0xab07, 0xab08,
-	0xab0f, 0xab10,
-	0xab17, 0xab1f,
-	0xab27, 0xab27,
-	0xab2f, 0xab2f,
-	0xab6c, 0xab6f,
-	0xabee, 0xabef,
-	0xabfa, 0xabff,
-	0xd7a4, 0xd7af,
-	0xd7c7, 0xd7ca,
-	0xd7fc, 0xf8ff,
-	0xfa6e, 0xfa6f,
-	0xfada, 0xfaff,
-	0xfb07, 0xfb12,
-	0xfb18, 0xfb1c,
-	0xfb37, 0xfb37,
-	0xfb3d, 0xfb3d,
-	0xfb3f, 0xfb3f,
-	0xfb42, 0xfb42,
-	0xfb45, 0xfb45,
-	0xfbc3, 0xfbd2,
-	0xfd90, 0xfd91,
-	0xfdc8, 0xfdce,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
-	0xfe1a, 0xfe1f,
-	0xfe53, 0xfe53,
-	0xfe67, 0xfe67,
-	0xfe6c, 0xfe6f,
-	0xfe75, 0xfe75,
-	0xfefd, 0xfefe,
-	0xff00, 0xff00,
-	0xffbf, 0xffc1,
-	0xffc8, 0xffc9,
-	0xffd0, 0xffd1,
-	0xffd8, 0xffd9,
-	0xffdd, 0xffdf,
-	0xffe7, 0xffe7,
-	0xffef, 0xfff8,
-	0xfffe, 0xffff,
-	0x1000c, 0x1000c,
-	0x10027, 0x10027,
-	0x1003b, 0x1003b,
-	0x1003e, 0x1003e,
-	0x1004e, 0x1004f,
-	0x1005e, 0x1007f,
-	0x100fb, 0x100ff,
-	0x10103, 0x10106,
-	0x10134, 0x10136,
-	0x1018f, 0x1018f,
-	0x1019d, 0x1019f,
-	0x101a1, 0x101cf,
-	0x101fe, 0x1027f,
-	0x1029d, 0x1029f,
-	0x102d1, 0x102df,
-	0x102fc, 0x102ff,
-	0x10324, 0x1032c,
-	0x1034b, 0x1034f,
-	0x1037b, 0x1037f,
-	0x1039e, 0x1039e,
-	0x103c4, 0x103c7,
-	0x103d6, 0x103ff,
-	0x1049e, 0x1049f,
-	0x104aa, 0x104af,
-	0x104d4, 0x104d7,
-	0x104fc, 0x104ff,
-	0x10528, 0x1052f,
-	0x10564, 0x1056e,
-	0x1057b, 0x1057b,
-	0x1058b, 0x1058b,
-	0x10593, 0x10593,
-	0x10596, 0x10596,
-	0x105a2, 0x105a2,
-	0x105b2, 0x105b2,
-	0x105ba, 0x105ba,
-	0x105bd, 0x105ff,
-	0x10737, 0x1073f,
-	0x10756, 0x1075f,
-	0x10768, 0x1077f,
-	0x10786, 0x10786,
-	0x107b1, 0x107b1,
-	0x107bb, 0x107ff,
-	0x10806, 0x10807,
-	0x10809, 0x10809,
-	0x10836, 0x10836,
-	0x10839, 0x1083b,
-	0x1083d, 0x1083e,
-	0x10856, 0x10856,
-	0x1089f, 0x108a6,
-	0x108b0, 0x108df,
-	0x108f3, 0x108f3,
-	0x108f6, 0x108fa,
-	0x1091c, 0x1091e,
-	0x1093a, 0x1093e,
-	0x10940, 0x1097f,
-	0x109b8, 0x109bb,
-	0x109d0, 0x109d1,
-	0x10a04, 0x10a04,
-	0x10a07, 0x10a0b,
-	0x10a14, 0x10a14,
-	0x10a18, 0x10a18,
-	0x10a36, 0x10a37,
-	0x10a3b, 0x10a3e,
-	0x10a49, 0x10a4f,
-	0x10a59, 0x10a5f,
-	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
-	0x10ae7, 0x10aea,
-	0x10af7, 0x10aff,
-	0x10b36, 0x10b38,
-	0x10b56, 0x10b57,
-	0x10b73, 0x10b77,
-	0x10b92, 0x10b98,
-	0x10b9d, 0x10ba8,
-	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
-	0x10c49, 0x10c7f,
-	0x10cb3, 0x10cbf,
-	0x10cf3, 0x10cf9,
-	0x10d28, 0x10d2f,
-	0x10d3a, 0x10e5f,
-	0x10e7f, 0x10e7f,
-	0x10eaa, 0x10eaa,
-	0x10eae, 0x10eaf,
-	0x10eb2, 0x10eff,
-	0x10f28, 0x10f2f,
-	0x10f5a, 0x10f6f,
-	0x10f8a, 0x10faf,
-	0x10fcc, 0x10fdf,
-	0x10ff7, 0x10fff,
-	0x1104e, 0x11051,
-	0x11076, 0x1107e,
-	0x110c3, 0x110cc,
-	0x110ce, 0x110cf,
-	0x110e9, 0x110ef,
-	0x110fa, 0x110ff,
-	0x11135, 0x11135,
-	0x11148, 0x1114f,
-	0x11177, 0x1117f,
-	0x111e0, 0x111e0,
-	0x111f5, 0x111ff,
-	0x11212, 0x11212,
-	0x1123f, 0x1127f,
-	0x11287, 0x11287,
-	0x11289, 0x11289,
-	0x1128e, 0x1128e,
-	0x1129e, 0x1129e,
-	0x112aa, 0x112af,
-	0x112eb, 0x112ef,
-	0x112fa, 0x112ff,
-	0x11304, 0x11304,
-	0x1130d, 0x1130e,
-	0x11311, 0x11312,
-	0x11329, 0x11329,
-	0x11331, 0x11331,
-	0x11334, 0x11334,
-	0x1133a, 0x1133a,
-	0x11345, 0x11346,
-	0x11349, 0x1134a,
-	0x1134e, 0x1134f,
-	0x11351, 0x11356,
-	0x11358, 0x1135c,
-	0x11364, 0x11365,
-	0x1136d, 0x1136f,
-	0x11375, 0x113ff,
-	0x1145c, 0x1145c,
-	0x11462, 0x1147f,
-	0x114c8, 0x114cf,
-	0x114da, 0x1157f,
-	0x115b6, 0x115b7,
-	0x115de, 0x115ff,
-	0x11645, 0x1164f,
-	0x1165a, 0x1165f,
-	0x1166d, 0x1167f,
-	0x116ba, 0x116bf,
-	0x116ca, 0x116ff,
-	0x1171b, 0x1171c,
-	0x1172c, 0x1172f,
-	0x11747, 0x117ff,
-	0x1183c, 0x1189f,
-	0x118f3, 0x118fe,
-	0x11907, 0x11908,
-	0x1190a, 0x1190b,
-	0x11914, 0x11914,
-	0x11917, 0x11917,
-	0x11936, 0x11936,
-	0x11939, 0x1193a,
-	0x11947, 0x1194f,
-	0x1195a, 0x1199f,
-	0x119a8, 0x119a9,
-	0x119d8, 0x119d9,
-	0x119e5, 0x119ff,
-	0x11a48, 0x11a4f,
-	0x11aa3, 0x11aaf,
-	0x11af9, 0x11bff,
-	0x11c09, 0x11c09,
-	0x11c37, 0x11c37,
-	0x11c46, 0x11c4f,
-	0x11c6d, 0x11c6f,
-	0x11c90, 0x11c91,
-	0x11ca8, 0x11ca8,
-	0x11cb7, 0x11cff,
-	0x11d07, 0x11d07,
-	0x11d0a, 0x11d0a,
-	0x11d37, 0x11d39,
-	0x11d3b, 0x11d3b,
-	0x11d3e, 0x11d3e,
-	0x11d48, 0x11d4f,
-	0x11d5a, 0x11d5f,
-	0x11d66, 0x11d66,
-	0x11d69, 0x11d69,
-	0x11d8f, 0x11d8f,
-	0x11d92, 0x11d92,
-	0x11d99, 0x11d9f,
-	0x11daa, 0x11edf,
-	0x11ef9, 0x11faf,
-	0x11fb1, 0x11fbf,
-	0x11ff2, 0x11ffe,
-	0x1239a, 0x123ff,
-	0x1246f, 0x1246f,
-	0x12475, 0x1247f,
-	0x12544, 0x12f8f,
-	0x12ff3, 0x12fff,
-	0x1342f, 0x1342f,
-	0x13439, 0x143ff,
-	0x14647, 0x167ff,
-	0x16a39, 0x16a3f,
-	0x16a5f, 0x16a5f,
-	0x16a6a, 0x16a6d,
-	0x16abf, 0x16abf,
-	0x16aca, 0x16acf,
-	0x16aee, 0x16aef,
-	0x16af6, 0x16aff,
-	0x16b46, 0x16b4f,
-	0x16b5a, 0x16b5a,
-	0x16b62, 0x16b62,
-	0x16b78, 0x16b7c,
-	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
-	0x16e9b, 0x16eff,
-	0x16f4b, 0x16f4e,
-	0x16f88, 0x16f8e,
-	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
-	0x16fe5, 0x16fef,
-	0x16ff2, 0x16fff,
-	0x187f8, 0x187ff,
-	0x18cd6, 0x18cff,
-	0x18d09, 0x1afef,
-	0x1aff4, 0x1aff4,
-	0x1affc, 0x1affc,
-	0x1afff, 0x1afff,
-	0x1b123, 0x1b14f,
-	0x1b153, 0x1b163,
-	0x1b168, 0x1b16f,
-	0x1b2fc, 0x1bbff,
-	0x1bc6b, 0x1bc6f,
-	0x1bc7d, 0x1bc7f,
-	0x1bc89, 0x1bc8f,
-	0x1bc9a, 0x1bc9b,
-	0x1bca4, 0x1ceff,
-	0x1cf2e, 0x1cf2f,
-	0x1cf47, 0x1cf4f,
-	0x1cfc4, 0x1cfff,
-	0x1d0f6, 0x1d0ff,
-	0x1d127, 0x1d128,
-	0x1d1eb, 0x1d1ff,
-	0x1d246, 0x1d2df,
-	0x1d2f4, 0x1d2ff,
-	0x1d357, 0x1d35f,
-	0x1d379, 0x1d3ff,
-	0x1d455, 0x1d455,
-	0x1d49d, 0x1d49d,
-	0x1d4a0, 0x1d4a1,
-	0x1d4a3, 0x1d4a4,
-	0x1d4a7, 0x1d4a8,
-	0x1d4ad, 0x1d4ad,
-	0x1d4ba, 0x1d4ba,
-	0x1d4bc, 0x1d4bc,
-	0x1d4c4, 0x1d4c4,
-	0x1d506, 0x1d506,
-	0x1d50b, 0x1d50c,
-	0x1d515, 0x1d515,
-	0x1d51d, 0x1d51d,
-	0x1d53a, 0x1d53a,
-	0x1d53f, 0x1d53f,
-	0x1d545, 0x1d545,
-	0x1d547, 0x1d549,
-	0x1d551, 0x1d551,
-	0x1d6a6, 0x1d6a7,
-	0x1d7cc, 0x1d7cd,
-	0x1da8c, 0x1da9a,
-	0x1daa0, 0x1daa0,
-	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
-	0x1df1f, 0x1dfff,
-	0x1e007, 0x1e007,
-	0x1e019, 0x1e01a,
-	0x1e022, 0x1e022,
-	0x1e025, 0x1e025,
-	0x1e02b, 0x1e0ff,
-	0x1e12d, 0x1e12f,
-	0x1e13e, 0x1e13f,
-	0x1e14a, 0x1e14d,
-	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
-	0x1e2af, 0x1e2bf,
-	0x1e2fa, 0x1e2fe,
-	0x1e300, 0x1e7df,
-	0x1e7e7, 0x1e7e7,
-	0x1e7ec, 0x1e7ec,
-	0x1e7ef, 0x1e7ef,
-	0x1e7ff, 0x1e7ff,
-	0x1e8c5, 0x1e8c6,
-	0x1e8d7, 0x1e8ff,
-	0x1e94c, 0x1e94f,
-	0x1e95a, 0x1e95d,
-	0x1e960, 0x1ec70,
-	0x1ecb5, 0x1ed00,
-	0x1ed3e, 0x1edff,
-	0x1ee04, 0x1ee04,
-	0x1ee20, 0x1ee20,
-	0x1ee23, 0x1ee23,
-	0x1ee25, 0x1ee26,
-	0x1ee28, 0x1ee28,
-	0x1ee33, 0x1ee33,
-	0x1ee38, 0x1ee38,
-	0x1ee3a, 0x1ee3a,
-	0x1ee3c, 0x1ee41,
-	0x1ee43, 0x1ee46,
-	0x1ee48, 0x1ee48,
-	0x1ee4a, 0x1ee4a,
-	0x1ee4c, 0x1ee4c,
-	0x1ee50, 0x1ee50,
-	0x1ee53, 0x1ee53,
-	0x1ee55, 0x1ee56,
-	0x1ee58, 0x1ee58,
-	0x1ee5a, 0x1ee5a,
-	0x1ee5c, 0x1ee5c,
-	0x1ee5e, 0x1ee5e,
-	0x1ee60, 0x1ee60,
-	0x1ee63, 0x1ee63,
-	0x1ee65, 0x1ee66,
-	0x1ee6b, 0x1ee6b,
-	0x1ee73, 0x1ee73,
-	0x1ee78, 0x1ee78,
-	0x1ee7d, 0x1ee7d,
-	0x1ee7f, 0x1ee7f,
-	0x1ee8a, 0x1ee8a,
-	0x1ee9c, 0x1eea0,
-	0x1eea4, 0x1eea4,
-	0x1eeaa, 0x1eeaa,
-	0x1eebc, 0x1eeef,
-	0x1eef2, 0x1efff,
-	0x1f02c, 0x1f02f,
-	0x1f094, 0x1f09f,
-	0x1f0af, 0x1f0b0,
-	0x1f0c0, 0x1f0c0,
-	0x1f0d0, 0x1f0d0,
-	0x1f0f6, 0x1f0ff,
-	0x1f1ae, 0x1f1e5,
-	0x1f203, 0x1f20f,
-	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
-	0x1f249, 0x1f24f,
-	0x1f252, 0x1f25f,
-	0x1f266, 0x1f2ff,
-	0x1f6d8, 0x1f6dc,
-	0x1f6ed, 0x1f6ef,
-	0x1f6fd, 0x1f6ff,
-	0x1f774, 0x1f77f,
-	0x1f7d9, 0x1f7df,
-	0x1f7ec, 0x1f7ef,
-	0x1f7f1, 0x1f7ff,
-	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
-	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
-	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
-	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
-	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8af,
-	0x1f8b2, 0x1f8ff,
-	0x1fa54, 0x1fa5f,
-	0x1fa6e, 0x1fa6f,
-	0x1fa75, 0x1fa77,
-	0x1fa7d, 0x1fa7f,
-	0x1fa87, 0x1fa8f,
-	0x1faad, 0x1faaf,
-	0x1fabb, 0x1fabf,
-	0x1fac6, 0x1facf,
-	0x1fada, 0x1fadf,
-	0x1fae8, 0x1faef,
-	0x1faf7, 0x1faff,
-	0x1fb93, 0x1fb93,
-	0x1fbcb, 0x1fbef,
-	0x1fbfa, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
-	0x2b739, 0x2b73f,
-	0x2b81e, 0x2b81f,
-	0x2cea2, 0x2ceaf,
-	0x2ebe1, 0x2f7ff,
-	0x2fa1e, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3134b, 0xe0000,
-	0xe0002, 0xe001f,
-	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
-	0xe01f0, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Unknown */
-
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-/* 'Age_1_1': Derived Age 1.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_1_1[] = {
-	288,
-	0x0000, 0x01f5,
-	0x01fa, 0x0217,
-	0x0250, 0x02a8,
-	0x02b0, 0x02de,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e9,
-	0x0300, 0x0345,
-	0x0360, 0x0361,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d6,
-	0x03da, 0x03da,
-	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
-	0x03de, 0x03de,
-	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
-	0x03e2, 0x03f3,
-	0x0401, 0x040c,
-	0x040e, 0x044f,
-	0x0451, 0x045c,
-	0x045e, 0x0486,
-	0x0490, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
-	0x04d0, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ee, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x0589,
-	0x05b0, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c3,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0652,
-	0x0660, 0x066d,
-	0x0670, 0x06b7,
-	0x06ba, 0x06be,
-	0x06c0, 0x06ce,
-	0x06d0, 0x06ed,
-	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
-	0x0901, 0x0903,
-	0x0905, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
-	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9a,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x202e,
-	0x2030, 0x2046,
-	0x206a, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20aa,
-	0x20d0, 0x20e1,
-	0x2100, 0x2138,
-	0x2153, 0x2182,
-	0x2190, 0x21ea,
-	0x2200, 0x22f1,
-	0x2300, 0x2300,
-	0x2302, 0x237a,
-	0x2400, 0x2424,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x24ea,
-	0x2500, 0x2595,
-	0x25a0, 0x25ef,
-	0x2600, 0x2613,
-	0x261a, 0x266f,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2767,
-	0x2776, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x3000, 0x3037,
-	0x303f, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3094,
-	0x3099, 0x309e,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x319f,
-	0x3200, 0x321c,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3260, 0x327b,
-	0x327f, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3376,
-	0x337b, 0x33dd,
-	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
-	0xe000, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
-	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xff5e,
-	0xff61, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfffd, 0xffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_1_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_2_0': Derived Age 2.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_2_0[] = {
-	312,
-	0x0000, 0x01f5,
-	0x01fa, 0x0217,
-	0x0250, 0x02a8,
-	0x02b0, 0x02de,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e9,
-	0x0300, 0x0345,
-	0x0360, 0x0361,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d6,
-	0x03da, 0x03da,
-	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
-	0x03de, 0x03de,
-	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
-	0x03e2, 0x03f3,
-	0x0401, 0x040c,
-	0x040e, 0x044f,
-	0x0451, 0x045c,
-	0x045e, 0x0486,
-	0x0490, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
-	0x04d0, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ee, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x0589,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0652,
-	0x0660, 0x066d,
-	0x0670, 0x06b7,
-	0x06ba, 0x06be,
-	0x06c0, 0x06ce,
-	0x06d0, 0x06ed,
-	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
-	0x0901, 0x0903,
-	0x0905, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
-	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f69,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f95,
-	0x0f97, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fad,
-	0x0fb1, 0x0fb7,
-	0x0fb9, 0x0fb9,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x202e,
-	0x2030, 0x2046,
-	0x206a, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20ab,
-	0x20d0, 0x20e1,
-	0x2100, 0x2138,
-	0x2153, 0x2182,
-	0x2190, 0x21ea,
-	0x2200, 0x22f1,
-	0x2300, 0x2300,
-	0x2302, 0x237a,
-	0x2400, 0x2424,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x24ea,
-	0x2500, 0x2595,
-	0x25a0, 0x25ef,
-	0x2600, 0x2613,
-	0x261a, 0x266f,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2767,
-	0x2776, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x3000, 0x3037,
-	0x303f, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3094,
-	0x3099, 0x309e,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x319f,
-	0x3200, 0x321c,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3260, 0x327b,
-	0x327f, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3376,
-	0x337b, 0x33dd,
-	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
-	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xff5e,
-	0xff61, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfffd, 0xffff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_2_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_2_1': Derived Age 2.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_2_1[] = {
-	312,
-	0x0000, 0x01f5,
-	0x01fa, 0x0217,
-	0x0250, 0x02a8,
-	0x02b0, 0x02de,
-	0x02e0, 0x02e9,
-	0x0300, 0x0345,
-	0x0360, 0x0361,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d6,
-	0x03da, 0x03da,
-	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
-	0x03de, 0x03de,
-	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
-	0x03e2, 0x03f3,
-	0x0401, 0x040c,
-	0x040e, 0x044f,
-	0x0451, 0x045c,
-	0x045e, 0x0486,
-	0x0490, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
-	0x04d0, 0x04eb,
-	0x04ee, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x0589,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0652,
-	0x0660, 0x066d,
-	0x0670, 0x06b7,
-	0x06ba, 0x06be,
-	0x06c0, 0x06ce,
-	0x06d0, 0x06ed,
-	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
-	0x0901, 0x0903,
-	0x0905, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
-	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f69,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f95,
-	0x0f97, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fad,
-	0x0fb1, 0x0fb7,
-	0x0fb9, 0x0fb9,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x202e,
-	0x2030, 0x2046,
-	0x206a, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20ac,
-	0x20d0, 0x20e1,
-	0x2100, 0x2138,
-	0x2153, 0x2182,
-	0x2190, 0x21ea,
-	0x2200, 0x22f1,
-	0x2300, 0x2300,
-	0x2302, 0x237a,
-	0x2400, 0x2424,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x24ea,
-	0x2500, 0x2595,
-	0x25a0, 0x25ef,
-	0x2600, 0x2613,
-	0x261a, 0x266f,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2767,
-	0x2776, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x3000, 0x3037,
-	0x303f, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3094,
-	0x3099, 0x309e,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x319f,
-	0x3200, 0x321c,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3260, 0x327b,
-	0x327f, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3376,
-	0x337b, 0x33dd,
-	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
-	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xff5e,
-	0xff61, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfffc, 0xffff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_2_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_3_0': Derived Age 3.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_3_0[] = {
-	369,
-	0x0000, 0x021f,
-	0x0222, 0x0233,
-	0x0250, 0x02ad,
-	0x02b0, 0x02ee,
-	0x0300, 0x034e,
-	0x0360, 0x0362,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d7,
-	0x03da, 0x03f3,
-	0x0400, 0x0486,
-	0x0488, 0x0489,
-	0x048c, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
-	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0655,
-	0x0660, 0x066d,
-	0x0670, 0x06ed,
-	0x06f0, 0x06fe,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x072c,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x0780, 0x07b0,
-	0x0901, 0x0903,
-	0x0905, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
-	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
-	0x1000, 0x1021,
-	0x1023, 0x1027,
-	0x1029, 0x102a,
-	0x102c, 0x1032,
-	0x1036, 0x1039,
-	0x1040, 0x1059,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1206,
-	0x1208, 0x1246,
-	0x1248, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1286,
-	0x1288, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12ae,
-	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
-	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
-	0x12f0, 0x130e,
-	0x1310, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x131e,
-	0x1320, 0x1346,
-	0x1348, 0x135a,
-	0x1361, 0x137c,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1780, 0x17dc,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18a9,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2046,
-	0x2048, 0x204d,
-	0x206a, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20af,
-	0x20d0, 0x20e3,
-	0x2100, 0x213a,
-	0x2153, 0x2183,
-	0x2190, 0x21f3,
-	0x2200, 0x22f1,
-	0x2300, 0x237b,
-	0x237d, 0x239a,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x24ea,
-	0x2500, 0x2595,
-	0x25a0, 0x25f7,
-	0x2600, 0x2613,
-	0x2619, 0x2671,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2767,
-	0x2776, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x2800, 0x28ff,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303a,
-	0x303e, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3094,
-	0x3099, 0x309e,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x3200, 0x321c,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3260, 0x327b,
-	0x327f, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3376,
-	0x337b, 0x33dd,
-	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
-	0x3400, 0x4db5,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4a1,
-	0xa4a4, 0xa4b3,
-	0xa4b5, 0xa4c0,
-	0xa4c2, 0xa4c4,
-	0xa4c6, 0xa4c6,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
-	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xff5e,
-	0xff61, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xffff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_3_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_3_1': Derived Age 3.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_3_1[] = {
-	402,
-	0x0000, 0x021f,
-	0x0222, 0x0233,
-	0x0250, 0x02ad,
-	0x02b0, 0x02ee,
-	0x0300, 0x034e,
-	0x0360, 0x0362,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03d7,
-	0x03da, 0x03f5,
-	0x0400, 0x0486,
-	0x0488, 0x0489,
-	0x048c, 0x04c4,
-	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
-	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
-	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0655,
-	0x0660, 0x066d,
-	0x0670, 0x06ed,
-	0x06f0, 0x06fe,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x072c,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x0780, 0x07b0,
-	0x0901, 0x0903,
-	0x0905, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
-	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
-	0x1000, 0x1021,
-	0x1023, 0x1027,
-	0x1029, 0x102a,
-	0x102c, 0x1032,
-	0x1036, 0x1039,
-	0x1040, 0x1059,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1206,
-	0x1208, 0x1246,
-	0x1248, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1286,
-	0x1288, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12ae,
-	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
-	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
-	0x12f0, 0x130e,
-	0x1310, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x131e,
-	0x1320, 0x1346,
-	0x1348, 0x135a,
-	0x1361, 0x137c,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1780, 0x17dc,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18a9,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2046,
-	0x2048, 0x204d,
-	0x206a, 0x2070,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20af,
-	0x20d0, 0x20e3,
-	0x2100, 0x213a,
-	0x2153, 0x2183,
-	0x2190, 0x21f3,
-	0x2200, 0x22f1,
-	0x2300, 0x237b,
-	0x237d, 0x239a,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x24ea,
-	0x2500, 0x2595,
-	0x25a0, 0x25f7,
-	0x2600, 0x2613,
-	0x2619, 0x2671,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2767,
-	0x2776, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x2800, 0x28ff,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303a,
-	0x303e, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3094,
-	0x3099, 0x309e,
-	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x3200, 0x321c,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3260, 0x327b,
-	0x327f, 0x32b0,
-	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3376,
-	0x337b, 0x33dd,
-	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
-	0x3400, 0x4db5,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4a1,
-	0xa4a4, 0xa4b3,
-	0xa4b5, 0xa4c0,
-	0xa4c2, 0xa4c4,
-	0xa4c6, 0xa4c6,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfb,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
-	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xff5e,
-	0xff61, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xffff,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10400, 0x10425,
-	0x10428, 0x1044d,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c0,
-	0x1d4c2, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a3,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_3_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_3_2': Derived Age 3.2 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_3_2[] = {
-	397,
-	0x0000, 0x0220,
-	0x0222, 0x0233,
-	0x0250, 0x02ad,
-	0x02b0, 0x02ee,
-	0x0300, 0x034f,
-	0x0360, 0x036f,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03f6,
-	0x0400, 0x0486,
-	0x0488, 0x04ce,
-	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0500, 0x050f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x060c, 0x060c,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0655,
-	0x0660, 0x06ed,
-	0x06f0, 0x06fe,
-	0x0700, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x072c,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x0780, 0x07b1,
-	0x0901, 0x0903,
-	0x0905, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
-	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
-	0x1000, 0x1021,
-	0x1023, 0x1027,
-	0x1029, 0x102a,
-	0x102c, 0x1032,
-	0x1036, 0x1039,
-	0x1040, 0x1059,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f8,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1206,
-	0x1208, 0x1246,
-	0x1248, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1286,
-	0x1288, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12ae,
-	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
-	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
-	0x12f0, 0x130e,
-	0x1310, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x131e,
-	0x1320, 0x1346,
-	0x1348, 0x135a,
-	0x1361, 0x137c,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dc,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18a9,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2052,
-	0x2057, 0x2057,
-	0x205f, 0x2063,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b1,
-	0x20d0, 0x20ea,
-	0x2100, 0x213a,
-	0x213d, 0x214b,
-	0x2153, 0x2183,
-	0x2190, 0x23ce,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x24fe,
-	0x2500, 0x2613,
-	0x2616, 0x2617,
-	0x2619, 0x267d,
-	0x2680, 0x2689,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
-	0x27f0, 0x2aff,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x31f0, 0x321c,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3251, 0x327b,
-	0x327f, 0x32cb,
-	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x3376,
-	0x337b, 0x33dd,
-	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
-	0x3400, 0x4db5,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfc,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe46,
-	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0xffff,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10400, 0x10425,
-	0x10428, 0x1044d,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c0,
-	0x1d4c2, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a3,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_3_2 */
-
-/* 'Age_4_0': Derived Age 4.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_4_0[] = {
-	412,
-	0x0000, 0x0236,
-	0x0250, 0x0357,
-	0x035d, 0x036f,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x03fb,
-	0x0400, 0x0486,
-	0x0488, 0x04ce,
-	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
-	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
-	0x0500, 0x050f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05a1,
-	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0603,
-	0x060c, 0x0615,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061f, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x0658,
-	0x0660, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x074f,
-	0x0780, 0x07b1,
-	0x0901, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
-	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be7, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
-	0x1000, 0x1021,
-	0x1023, 0x1027,
-	0x1029, 0x102a,
-	0x102c, 0x1032,
-	0x1036, 0x1039,
-	0x1040, 0x1059,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10f8,
-	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1206,
-	0x1208, 0x1246,
-	0x1248, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1286,
-	0x1288, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12ae,
-	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
-	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
-	0x12f0, 0x130e,
-	0x1310, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x131e,
-	0x1320, 0x1346,
-	0x1348, 0x135a,
-	0x1361, 0x137c,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18a9,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x19e0, 0x19ff,
-	0x1d00, 0x1d6b,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2054,
-	0x2057, 0x2057,
-	0x205f, 0x2063,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b1,
-	0x20d0, 0x20ea,
-	0x2100, 0x213b,
-	0x213d, 0x214b,
-	0x2153, 0x2183,
-	0x2190, 0x23d0,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2617,
-	0x2619, 0x267d,
-	0x2680, 0x2691,
-	0x26a0, 0x26a1,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
-	0x27f0, 0x2b0d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3250, 0x327d,
-	0x327f, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fa5,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1013f,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a3,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_4_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_4_1': Derived Age 4.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_4_1[] = {
-	430,
-	0x0000, 0x0241,
-	0x0250, 0x036f,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037a,
-	0x037e, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x0486,
-	0x0488, 0x04ce,
-	0x04d0, 0x04f9,
-	0x0500, 0x050f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05b9,
-	0x05bb, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0603,
-	0x060b, 0x0615,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x065e,
-	0x0660, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x076d,
-	0x0780, 0x07b1,
-	0x0901, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x097d, 0x097d,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fcf, 0x0fd1,
-	0x1000, 0x1021,
-	0x1023, 0x1027,
-	0x1029, 0x102a,
-	0x102c, 0x1032,
-	0x1036, 0x1039,
-	0x1040, 0x1059,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135f, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18a9,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19a9,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dc3,
-	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2063,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x2094,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b5,
-	0x20d0, 0x20eb,
-	0x2100, 0x214c,
-	0x2153, 0x2183,
-	0x2190, 0x23db,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x269c,
-	0x26a0, 0x26b1,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x27c0, 0x27c6,
-	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
-	0x27f0, 0x2b13,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c80, 0x2cea,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e17,
-	0x2e1c, 0x2e1d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x31c0, 0x31cf,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3250, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fbb,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa700, 0xa716,
-	0xa800, 0xa82b,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_4_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_5_0': Derived Age 5.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_5_0[] = {
-	440,
-	0x0000, 0x036f,
-	0x0374, 0x0375,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
-	0x03d0, 0x0486,
-	0x0488, 0x0513,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0603,
-	0x060b, 0x0615,
-	0x061b, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x063a,
-	0x0640, 0x065e,
-	0x0660, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x076d,
-	0x0780, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0901, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0970,
-	0x097b, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fcf, 0x0fd1,
-	0x1000, 0x1021,
-	0x1023, 0x1027,
-	0x1029, 0x102a,
-	0x102c, 0x1032,
-	0x1036, 0x1039,
-	0x1040, 0x1059,
-	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135f, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18a9,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19a9,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1d00, 0x1dca,
-	0x1dfe, 0x1e9b,
-	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
-	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2063,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x2094,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b5,
-	0x20d0, 0x20ef,
-	0x2100, 0x214e,
-	0x2153, 0x2184,
-	0x2190, 0x23e7,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x269c,
-	0x26a0, 0x26b2,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x27c0, 0x27ca,
-	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
-	0x27f0, 0x2b1a,
-	0x2b20, 0x2b23,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c6c,
-	0x2c74, 0x2c77,
-	0x2c80, 0x2cea,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e17,
-	0x2e1c, 0x2e1d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312c,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x31c0, 0x31cf,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3250, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fbb,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa700, 0xa71a,
-	0xa720, 0xa721,
-	0xa800, 0xa82b,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
-	0x10900, 0x10919,
-	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_5_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_5_1': Derived Age 5.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_5_1[] = {
-	455,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0523,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0603,
-	0x0606, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x065e,
-	0x0660, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0901, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094d,
-	0x0950, 0x0954,
-	0x0958, 0x0972,
-	0x097b, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fd4,
-	0x1000, 0x1099,
-	0x109e, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
-	0x1100, 0x1159,
-	0x115f, 0x11a2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
-	0x1200, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135f, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1401, 0x1676,
-	0x1680, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19a9,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1baa,
-	0x1bae, 0x1bb9,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
-	0x1dfe, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x2094,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b5,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x214f,
-	0x2153, 0x2188,
-	0x2190, 0x23e7,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x269d,
-	0x26a0, 0x26bc,
-	0x26c0, 0x26c3,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x2756,
-	0x2758, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x27c0, 0x27ca,
-	0x27cc, 0x27cc,
-	0x27d0, 0x2b4c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b54,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c6f,
-	0x2c71, 0x2c7d,
-	0x2c80, 0x2cea,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e30,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x3243,
-	0x3250, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fc3,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa500, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa65f,
-	0xa662, 0xa673,
-	0xa67c, 0xa697,
-	0xa700, 0xa78c,
-	0xa7fb, 0xa82b,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
-	0x10900, 0x10919,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_5_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_5_2': Derived Age 5.2 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_5_2[] = {
-	495,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0525,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0603,
-	0x0606, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x061f,
-	0x0621, 0x065e,
-	0x0660, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0900, 0x0939,
-	0x093c, 0x094e,
-	0x0950, 0x0955,
-	0x0958, 0x0972,
-	0x0979, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
-	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
-	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fd8,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
-	0x1100, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135f, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1baa,
-	0x1bae, 0x1bb9,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf2,
-	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
-	0x1dfd, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x2094,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b8,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x2189,
-	0x2190, 0x23e8,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x26cd,
-	0x26cf, 0x26e1,
-	0x26e3, 0x26e3,
-	0x26e8, 0x26ff,
-	0x2701, 0x2704,
-	0x2706, 0x2709,
-	0x270c, 0x2727,
-	0x2729, 0x274b,
-	0x274d, 0x274d,
-	0x274f, 0x2752,
-	0x2756, 0x275e,
-	0x2761, 0x2794,
-	0x2798, 0x27af,
-	0x27b1, 0x27be,
-	0x27c0, 0x27ca,
-	0x27cc, 0x27cc,
-	0x27d0, 0x2b4c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
-	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e31,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31b7,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fcb,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa65f,
-	0xa662, 0xa673,
-	0xa67c, 0xa697,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa78c,
-	0xa7fb, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadf,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1085f,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11080, 0x110c1,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f131, 0x1f131,
-	0x1f13d, 0x1f13d,
-	0x1f13f, 0x1f13f,
-	0x1f142, 0x1f142,
-	0x1f146, 0x1f146,
-	0x1f14a, 0x1f14e,
-	0x1f157, 0x1f157,
-	0x1f15f, 0x1f15f,
-	0x1f179, 0x1f179,
-	0x1f17b, 0x1f17c,
-	0x1f17f, 0x1f17f,
-	0x1f18a, 0x1f18d,
-	0x1f190, 0x1f190,
-	0x1f200, 0x1f200,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f231,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_5_2 */
-
-/* 'Age_6_0': Derived Age 6.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_0[] = {
-	511,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0527,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0603,
-	0x0606, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0900, 0x0977,
-	0x0979, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
-	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
-	0x1100, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1baa,
-	0x1bae, 0x1bb9,
-	0x1bc0, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf2,
-	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
-	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b9,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x2189,
-	0x2190, 0x23f3,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x26ff,
-	0x2701, 0x27ca,
-	0x27cc, 0x27cc,
-	0x27ce, 0x2b4c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e31,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fcb,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa673,
-	0xa67c, 0xa697,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa791,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7a9,
-	0xa7fa, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaadf,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
-	0xfa30, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1085f,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x11080, 0x110c1,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f169,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
-	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
-	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
-	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
-	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
-	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
-	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
-	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
-	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
-	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
-	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
-	0x1f5fb, 0x1f5ff,
-	0x1f601, 0x1f610,
-	0x1f612, 0x1f614,
-	0x1f616, 0x1f616,
-	0x1f618, 0x1f618,
-	0x1f61a, 0x1f61a,
-	0x1f61c, 0x1f61e,
-	0x1f620, 0x1f625,
-	0x1f628, 0x1f62b,
-	0x1f62d, 0x1f62d,
-	0x1f630, 0x1f633,
-	0x1f635, 0x1f640,
-	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_6_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_6_1': Derived Age 6.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_1[] = {
-	549,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0527,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058f, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0604,
-	0x0606, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08a0,
-	0x08a2, 0x08ac,
-	0x08e4, 0x08fe,
-	0x0900, 0x0977,
-	0x0979, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
-	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20b9,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x2189,
-	0x2190, 0x23f3,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x26ff,
-	0x2701, 0x2b4c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e3b,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa697,
-	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa793,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7aa,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1085f,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x11080, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11180, 0x111c8,
-	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
-	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
-	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
-	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
-	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
-	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
-	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
-	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
-	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
-	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
-	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f540, 0x1f543,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
-	0x1f5fb, 0x1f640,
-	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_6_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_6_2': Derived Age 6.2 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_2[] = {
-	549,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0527,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058f, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0604,
-	0x0606, 0x061b,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08a0,
-	0x08a2, 0x08ac,
-	0x08e4, 0x08fe,
-	0x0900, 0x0977,
-	0x0979, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
-	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x206a, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20ba,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x2189,
-	0x2190, 0x23f3,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x26ff,
-	0x2701, 0x2b4c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e3b,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa697,
-	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa793,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7aa,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1085f,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x11080, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11180, 0x111c8,
-	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
-	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
-	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
-	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
-	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
-	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
-	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
-	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
-	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
-	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
-	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f540, 0x1f543,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
-	0x1f5fb, 0x1f640,
-	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_6_2 */
-
-/* 'Age_6_3': Derived Age 6.3 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_3[] = {
-	549,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037e,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x0527,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058f, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x0604,
-	0x0606, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08a0,
-	0x08a2, 0x08ac,
-	0x08e4, 0x08fe,
-	0x0900, 0x0977,
-	0x0979, 0x097f,
-	0x0981, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
-	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191c,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
-	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20ba,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x2189,
-	0x2190, 0x23f3,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x26ff,
-	0x2701, 0x2b4c,
-	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e3b,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa697,
-	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa793,
-	0xa7a0, 0xa7aa,
-	0xa7f8, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
-	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018a,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x10300, 0x1031e,
-	0x10320, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1085f,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x11080, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11180, 0x111c8,
-	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x12000, 0x1236e,
-	0x12400, 0x12462,
-	0x12470, 0x12473,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
-	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
-	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
-	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
-	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
-	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
-	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
-	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
-	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
-	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
-	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
-	0x1f540, 0x1f543,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
-	0x1f5fb, 0x1f640,
-	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_6_3 */
-
-/* 'Age_7_0': Derived Age 7.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_7_0[] = {
-	610,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b2,
-	0x08e4, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d01, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df5,
-	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20bd,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x2189,
-	0x2190, 0x23fa,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
-	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
-	0x2bca, 0x2bd1,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e42,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa69d,
-	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa78e,
-	0xa790, 0xa7ad,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b1,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab5f,
-	0xab64, 0xab65,
-	0xabc0, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2d,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018c,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x10900, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109be, 0x109bf,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111c8,
-	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111da,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123d,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11301, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133c, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115c9,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x12000, 0x12398,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f32c,
-	0x1f330, 0x1f37d,
-	0x1f380, 0x1f3ce,
-	0x1f3d4, 0x1f3f7,
-	0x1f400, 0x1f4fe,
-	0x1f500, 0x1f54a,
-	0x1f550, 0x1f579,
-	0x1f57b, 0x1f5a3,
-	0x1f5a5, 0x1f642,
-	0x1f645, 0x1f6cf,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f3,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_7_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_8_0': Derived Age 8.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_8_0[] = {
-	623,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08e3, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d01, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
-	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df5,
-	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20be,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x23fa,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
-	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
-	0x2bca, 0x2bd1,
-	0x2bec, 0x2bef,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e42,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fd5,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ad,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fd,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab65,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018c,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123d,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133c, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x11719,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f579,
-	0x1f57b, 0x1f5a3,
-	0x1f5a5, 0x1f6d0,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f3,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f910, 0x1f918,
-	0x1f980, 0x1f984,
-	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c0,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_8_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_9_0': Derived Age 9.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_9_0[] = {
-	648,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
-	0x08d4, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d01, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
-	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df5,
-	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20be,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x23fe,
-	0x2400, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
-	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
-	0x2bca, 0x2bd1,
-	0x2bec, 0x2bef,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e44,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312d,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fd5,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fd,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab65,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x10330, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133c, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x11459,
-	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x11719,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe0,
-	0x17000, 0x187ec,
-	0x18800, 0x18af2,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94a,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d2,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f6,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f910, 0x1f91e,
-	0x1f920, 0x1f927,
-	0x1f930, 0x1f930,
-	0x1f933, 0x1f93e,
-	0x1f940, 0x1f94b,
-	0x1f950, 0x1f95e,
-	0x1f980, 0x1f991,
-	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c0,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_9_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_10_0': Derived Age 10.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_10_0[] = {
-	659,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x055f,
-	0x0561, 0x0587,
-	0x0589, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x0800, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
-	0x08d4, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fd,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c83,
-	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1877,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
-	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
-	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
-	0x2bca, 0x2bd2,
-	0x2bec, 0x2bef,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e49,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312e,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fea,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ae,
-	0xa7b0, 0xa7b7,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8fd,
-	0xa900, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab65,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11143,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133c, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x11459,
-	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x11719,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a83,
-	0x11a86, 0x11a9c,
-	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x17000, 0x187ec,
-	0x18800, 0x18af2,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94a,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
-	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d4,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f8,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
-	0x1f910, 0x1f93e,
-	0x1f940, 0x1f94c,
-	0x1f950, 0x1f96b,
-	0x1f980, 0x1f997,
-	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c0,
-	0x1f9d0, 0x1f9e6,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_10_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_11_0': Derived Age 11.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_11_0[] = {
-	668,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
-	0x08d3, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c78, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
-	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
-	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
-	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
-	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
-	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
-	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
-	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
-	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2bc8,
-	0x2bca, 0x2bfe,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e4e,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fef,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7b9,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab65,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11146,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x11459,
-	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145e,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b7,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11a83,
-	0x11a86, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x12000, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
-	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f1,
-	0x18800, 0x18af2,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94a,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f16b,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d4,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f9,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
-	0x1f910, 0x1f93e,
-	0x1f940, 0x1f970,
-	0x1f973, 0x1f976,
-	0x1f97a, 0x1f97a,
-	0x1f97c, 0x1f9a2,
-	0x1f9b0, 0x1f9b9,
-	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c2,
-	0x1f9d0, 0x1f9ff,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_11_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_12_0': Derived Age 12.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_12_0[] = {
-	677,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
-	0x08d3, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
-	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e4f,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x32fe,
-	0x3300, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fef,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7c6,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab67,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11146,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x11459,
-	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145f,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe3,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18af2,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f16c,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d5,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fa,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
-	0x1f90d, 0x1f971,
-	0x1f973, 0x1f976,
-	0x1f97a, 0x1f9a2,
-	0x1f9a5, 0x1f9aa,
-	0x1f9ae, 0x1f9ca,
-	0x1f9cd, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa73,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7a,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa82,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1fa95,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_12_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_12_1': Derived Age 12.1 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_12_1[] = {
-	676,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
-	0x08d3, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
-	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b98, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e4f,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31ba,
-	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x4db5,
-	0x4dc0, 0x9fef,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7c6,
-	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab67,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019b,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11146,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111cd,
-	0x111d0, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x11459,
-	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x1145f,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe3,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18af2,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
-	0x1f110, 0x1f16c,
-	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d5,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fa,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
-	0x1f90d, 0x1f971,
-	0x1f973, 0x1f976,
-	0x1f97a, 0x1f9a2,
-	0x1f9a5, 0x1f9aa,
-	0x1f9ae, 0x1f9ca,
-	0x1f9cd, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa73,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7a,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa82,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1fa95,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_12_1 */
-
-/* 'Age_13_0': Derived Age 13.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_13_0[] = {
-	686,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x061c,
-	0x061e, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
-	0x08b6, 0x08c7,
-	0x08d3, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x170c,
-	0x170e, 0x1714,
-	0x1720, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x180e,
-	0x1810, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ac0,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
-	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2c2e,
-	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
-	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e52,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0x9ffc,
-	0xa000, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7bf,
-	0xa7c2, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7f5, 0xa82c,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab6b,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
-	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x1106f,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b8,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x1173f,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1f978,
-	0x1f97a, 0x1f9cb,
-	0x1f9cd, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7a,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faa8,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1fab6,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac2,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6dd,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x3134a,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_13_0 */
-
-/* 'Age_14_0': Derived Age 14.0 */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_14_0[] = {
-	706,
-	0x0000, 0x0377,
-	0x037a, 0x037f,
-	0x0384, 0x038a,
-	0x038c, 0x038c,
-	0x038e, 0x03a1,
-	0x03a3, 0x052f,
-	0x0531, 0x0556,
-	0x0559, 0x058a,
-	0x058d, 0x058f,
-	0x0591, 0x05c7,
-	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
-	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
-	0x0600, 0x070d,
-	0x070f, 0x074a,
-	0x074d, 0x07b1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
-	0x07fd, 0x082d,
-	0x0830, 0x083e,
-	0x0840, 0x085b,
-	0x085e, 0x085e,
-	0x0860, 0x086a,
-	0x0870, 0x088e,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x0898, 0x0983,
-	0x0985, 0x098c,
-	0x098f, 0x0990,
-	0x0993, 0x09a8,
-	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
-	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
-	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
-	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
-	0x09df, 0x09e3,
-	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
-	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
-	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
-	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
-	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
-	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
-	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
-	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
-	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
-	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
-	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
-	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
-	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
-	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
-	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
-	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
-	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
-	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
-	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
-	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
-	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
-	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
-	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
-	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
-	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
-	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
-	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
-	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
-	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
-	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
-	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
-	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
-	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
-	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
-	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
-	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
-	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
-	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
-	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
-	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
-	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
-	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
-	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
-	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
-	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
-	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
-	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
-	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
-	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
-	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
-	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
-	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
-	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0de6, 0x0def,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
-	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
-	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
-	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
-	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
-	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
-	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
-	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
-	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
-	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
-	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
-	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
-	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
-	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
-	0x1000, 0x10c5,
-	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
-	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
-	0x10d0, 0x1248,
-	0x124a, 0x124d,
-	0x1250, 0x1256,
-	0x1258, 0x1258,
-	0x125a, 0x125d,
-	0x1260, 0x1288,
-	0x128a, 0x128d,
-	0x1290, 0x12b0,
-	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
-	0x12b8, 0x12be,
-	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
-	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
-	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
-	0x12d8, 0x1310,
-	0x1312, 0x1315,
-	0x1318, 0x135a,
-	0x135d, 0x137c,
-	0x1380, 0x1399,
-	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
-	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
-	0x1400, 0x169c,
-	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
-	0x1700, 0x1715,
-	0x171f, 0x1736,
-	0x1740, 0x1753,
-	0x1760, 0x176c,
-	0x176e, 0x1770,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x1780, 0x17dd,
-	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
-	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
-	0x1800, 0x1819,
-	0x1820, 0x1878,
-	0x1880, 0x18aa,
-	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
-	0x1900, 0x191e,
-	0x1920, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x193b,
-	0x1940, 0x1940,
-	0x1944, 0x196d,
-	0x1970, 0x1974,
-	0x1980, 0x19ab,
-	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
-	0x19d0, 0x19da,
-	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
-	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
-	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
-	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
-	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
-	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
-	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
-	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
-	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
-	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
-	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
-	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
-	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
-	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
-	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
-	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
-	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
-	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
-	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
-	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
-	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
-	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
-	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
-	0x2000, 0x2064,
-	0x2066, 0x2071,
-	0x2074, 0x208e,
-	0x2090, 0x209c,
-	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2100, 0x218b,
-	0x2190, 0x2426,
-	0x2440, 0x244a,
-	0x2460, 0x2b73,
-	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
-	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
-	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
-	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
-	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
-	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
-	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
-	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
-	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
-	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
-	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
-	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
-	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
-	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
-	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
-	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
-	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-	0x3041, 0x3096,
-	0x3099, 0x30ff,
-	0x3105, 0x312f,
-	0x3131, 0x318e,
-	0x3190, 0x31e3,
-	0x31f0, 0x321e,
-	0x3220, 0xa48c,
-	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
-	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
-	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
-	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
-	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
-	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
-	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
-	0xa830, 0xa839,
-	0xa840, 0xa877,
-	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
-	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
-	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
-	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
-	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
-	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
-	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
-	0xab01, 0xab06,
-	0xab09, 0xab0e,
-	0xab11, 0xab16,
-	0xab20, 0xab26,
-	0xab28, 0xab2e,
-	0xab30, 0xab6b,
-	0xab70, 0xabed,
-	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
-	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
-	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
-	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
-	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
-	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
-	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
-	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
-	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
-	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
-	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
-	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
-	0xfdcf, 0xfe19,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
-	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
-	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
-	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
-	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xff01, 0xffbe,
-	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
-	0xffca, 0xffcf,
-	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
-	0xffda, 0xffdc,
-	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
-	0xffe8, 0xffee,
-	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
-	0x1000d, 0x10026,
-	0x10028, 0x1003a,
-	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
-	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
-	0x10050, 0x1005d,
-	0x10080, 0x100fa,
-	0x10100, 0x10102,
-	0x10107, 0x10133,
-	0x10137, 0x1018e,
-	0x10190, 0x1019c,
-	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
-	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
-	0x10280, 0x1029c,
-	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
-	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
-	0x10300, 0x10323,
-	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
-	0x10350, 0x1037a,
-	0x10380, 0x1039d,
-	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
-	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
-	0x10400, 0x1049d,
-	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
-	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
-	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
-	0x10500, 0x10527,
-	0x10530, 0x10563,
-	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
-	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
-	0x1058c, 0x10592,
-	0x10594, 0x10595,
-	0x10597, 0x105a1,
-	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
-	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
-	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
-	0x10600, 0x10736,
-	0x10740, 0x10755,
-	0x10760, 0x10767,
-	0x10780, 0x10785,
-	0x10787, 0x107b0,
-	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
-	0x10800, 0x10805,
-	0x10808, 0x10808,
-	0x1080a, 0x10835,
-	0x10837, 0x10838,
-	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
-	0x1083f, 0x10855,
-	0x10857, 0x1089e,
-	0x108a7, 0x108af,
-	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
-	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
-	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
-	0x1091f, 0x10939,
-	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
-	0x10980, 0x109b7,
-	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
-	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
-	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
-	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
-	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
-	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
-	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
-	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
-	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
-	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
-	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
-	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
-	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
-	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
-	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
-	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
-	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
-	0x11000, 0x1104d,
-	0x11052, 0x11075,
-	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
-	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
-	0x11100, 0x11134,
-	0x11136, 0x11147,
-	0x11150, 0x11176,
-	0x11180, 0x111df,
-	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
-	0x11200, 0x11211,
-	0x11213, 0x1123e,
-	0x11280, 0x11286,
-	0x11288, 0x11288,
-	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
-	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
-	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
-	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
-	0x11300, 0x11303,
-	0x11305, 0x1130c,
-	0x1130f, 0x11310,
-	0x11313, 0x11328,
-	0x1132a, 0x11330,
-	0x11332, 0x11333,
-	0x11335, 0x11339,
-	0x1133b, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11350, 0x11350,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x1135d, 0x11363,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11400, 0x1145b,
-	0x1145d, 0x11461,
-	0x11480, 0x114c7,
-	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
-	0x11580, 0x115b5,
-	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
-	0x11600, 0x11644,
-	0x11650, 0x11659,
-	0x11660, 0x1166c,
-	0x11680, 0x116b9,
-	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
-	0x11700, 0x1171a,
-	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
-	0x11730, 0x11746,
-	0x11800, 0x1183b,
-	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
-	0x118ff, 0x11906,
-	0x11909, 0x11909,
-	0x1190c, 0x11913,
-	0x11915, 0x11916,
-	0x11918, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193b, 0x11946,
-	0x11950, 0x11959,
-	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
-	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
-	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
-	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
-	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
-	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
-	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
-	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
-	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
-	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
-	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
-	0x11fff, 0x12399,
-	0x12400, 0x1246e,
-	0x12470, 0x12474,
-	0x12480, 0x12543,
-	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
-	0x13000, 0x1342e,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x14400, 0x14646,
-	0x16800, 0x16a38,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
-	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
-	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
-	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
-	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
-	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
-	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
-	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x17000, 0x187f7,
-	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
-	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
-	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
-	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
-	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
-	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
-	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
-	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
-	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
-	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
-	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
-	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
-	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
-	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
-	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
-	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
-	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
-	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
-	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
-	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
-	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
-	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
-	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
-	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
-	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
-	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
-	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
-	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
-	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
-	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
-	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
-	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
-	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
-	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
-	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
-	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
-	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
-	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
-	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
-	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
-	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
-	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
-	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
-	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
-	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
-	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
-	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
-	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
-	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
-	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
-	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
-	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
-	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
-	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
-	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
-	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
-	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
-	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
-	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
-	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
-	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
-	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
-	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
-	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
-	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
-	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
-	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
-	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
-	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
-	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
-	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
-	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
-	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
-	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
-	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
-	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
-	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
-	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
-	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
-	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
-	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
-	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
-	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
-	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
-	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
-	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
-	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
-	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
-	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
-	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
-	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
-	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
-	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
-	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
-	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
-	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
-	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
-	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
-	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
-	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
-	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
-	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
-	0x1fffe, 0x2a6df,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
-	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
-	0x2fffe, 0x3134a,
-	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
-	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
-	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
-	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
-	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
-	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
-	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
-	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
-	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
-	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
-	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_Age_14_0 */
-
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend[] = {
-	14,
-	0x0600, 0x0605,
-	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
-	0x070f, 0x070f,
-	0x0890, 0x0891,
-	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
-	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
-	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
-	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
-	0x111c2, 0x111c3,
-	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
-	0x11941, 0x11941,
-	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
-	0x11a84, 0x11a89,
-	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=CR */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR[] = {
-	1,
-	0x000d, 0x000d,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=LF */
-#define CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF CR_NEWLINE
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Control */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control[] = {
-	19,
-	0x0000, 0x0009,
-	0x000b, 0x000c,
-	0x000e, 0x001f,
-	0x007f, 0x009f,
-	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
-	0x061c, 0x061c,
-	0x180e, 0x180e,
-	0x200b, 0x200b,
-	0x200e, 0x200f,
-	0x2028, 0x202e,
-	0x2060, 0x206f,
-	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
-	0xfff0, 0xfffb,
-	0x13430, 0x13438,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
-	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
-	0xe0000, 0xe001f,
-	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
-	0xe01f0, 0xe0fff,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Extend */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend[] = {
-	354,
-	0x0300, 0x036f,
-	0x0483, 0x0489,
-	0x0591, 0x05bd,
-	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
-	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
-	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
-	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
-	0x0610, 0x061a,
-	0x064b, 0x065f,
-	0x0670, 0x0670,
-	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
-	0x06df, 0x06e4,
-	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
-	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
-	0x0711, 0x0711,
-	0x0730, 0x074a,
-	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
-	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
-	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
-	0x0816, 0x0819,
-	0x081b, 0x0823,
-	0x0825, 0x0827,
-	0x0829, 0x082d,
-	0x0859, 0x085b,
-	0x0898, 0x089f,
-	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
-	0x08e3, 0x0902,
-	0x093a, 0x093a,
-	0x093c, 0x093c,
-	0x0941, 0x0948,
-	0x094d, 0x094d,
-	0x0951, 0x0957,
-	0x0962, 0x0963,
-	0x0981, 0x0981,
-	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
-	0x09be, 0x09be,
-	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
-	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
-	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
-	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
-	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
-	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
-	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
-	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
-	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
-	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
-	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
-	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
-	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
-	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
-	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
-	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
-	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
-	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
-	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
-	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
-	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
-	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
-	0x0b3e, 0x0b3f,
-	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
-	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
-	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
-	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
-	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
-	0x0bbe, 0x0bbe,
-	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
-	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
-	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
-	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
-	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
-	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
-	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
-	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
-	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
-	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
-	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
-	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
-	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
-	0x0cc2, 0x0cc2,
-	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
-	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
-	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
-	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
-	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
-	0x0d3e, 0x0d3e,
-	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
-	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
-	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
-	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
-	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
-	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
-	0x0dcf, 0x0dcf,
-	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
-	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
-	0x0ddf, 0x0ddf,
-	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
-	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
-	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
-	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
-	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
-	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
-	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
-	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
-	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
-	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
-	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
-	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
-	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
-	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
-	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
-	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
-	0x102d, 0x1030,
-	0x1032, 0x1037,
-	0x1039, 0x103a,
-	0x103d, 0x103e,
-	0x1058, 0x1059,
-	0x105e, 0x1060,
-	0x1071, 0x1074,
-	0x1082, 0x1082,
-	0x1085, 0x1086,
-	0x108d, 0x108d,
-	0x109d, 0x109d,
-	0x135d, 0x135f,
-	0x1712, 0x1714,
-	0x1732, 0x1733,
-	0x1752, 0x1753,
-	0x1772, 0x1773,
-	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
-	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
-	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
-	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
-	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
-	0x180b, 0x180d,
-	0x180f, 0x180f,
-	0x1885, 0x1886,
-	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
-	0x1920, 0x1922,
-	0x1927, 0x1928,
-	0x1932, 0x1932,
-	0x1939, 0x193b,
-	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
-	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
-	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
-	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
-	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
-	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
-	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
-	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
-	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
-	0x1b34, 0x1b3a,
-	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
-	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
-	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
-	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
-	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
-	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
-	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
-	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
-	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
-	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
-	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
-	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
-	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
-	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
-	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
-	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
-	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
-	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
-	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
-	0x200c, 0x200c,
-	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
-	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
-	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-	0x302a, 0x302f,
-	0x3099, 0x309a,
-	0xa66f, 0xa672,
-	0xa674, 0xa67d,
-	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
-	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
-	0xa802, 0xa802,
-	0xa806, 0xa806,
-	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
-	0xa825, 0xa826,
-	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
-	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
-	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
-	0xa926, 0xa92d,
-	0xa947, 0xa951,
-	0xa980, 0xa982,
-	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
-	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
-	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
-	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
-	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
-	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
-	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
-	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
-	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
-	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
-	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
-	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
-	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
-	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
-	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
-	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
-	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
-	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
-	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
-	0xabed, 0xabed,
-	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
-	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
-	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
-	0x10376, 0x1037a,
-	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
-	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
-	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
-	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
-	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
-	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
-	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
-	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
-	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
-	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
-	0x11001, 0x11001,
-	0x11038, 0x11046,
-	0x11070, 0x11070,
-	0x11073, 0x11074,
-	0x1107f, 0x11081,
-	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
-	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
-	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
-	0x11100, 0x11102,
-	0x11127, 0x1112b,
-	0x1112d, 0x11134,
-	0x11173, 0x11173,
-	0x11180, 0x11181,
-	0x111b6, 0x111be,
-	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
-	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
-	0x1122f, 0x11231,
-	0x11234, 0x11234,
-	0x11236, 0x11237,
-	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
-	0x112df, 0x112df,
-	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
-	0x11300, 0x11301,
-	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
-	0x1133e, 0x1133e,
-	0x11340, 0x11340,
-	0x11357, 0x11357,
-	0x11366, 0x1136c,
-	0x11370, 0x11374,
-	0x11438, 0x1143f,
-	0x11442, 0x11444,
-	0x11446, 0x11446,
-	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
-	0x114b0, 0x114b0,
-	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
-	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
-	0x114bd, 0x114bd,
-	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
-	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
-	0x115af, 0x115af,
-	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
-	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
-	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
-	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
-	0x11633, 0x1163a,
-	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
-	0x1163f, 0x11640,
-	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
-	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
-	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
-	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
-	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
-	0x11722, 0x11725,
-	0x11727, 0x1172b,
-	0x1182f, 0x11837,
-	0x11839, 0x1183a,
-	0x11930, 0x11930,
-	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
-	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
-	0x11943, 0x11943,
-	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
-	0x119da, 0x119db,
-	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
-	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
-	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
-	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
-	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
-	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
-	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
-	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
-	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
-	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
-	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
-	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
-	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
-	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
-	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
-	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
-	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
-	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
-	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
-	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
-	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
-	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
-	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
-	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
-	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
-	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
-	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
-	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
-	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
-	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
-	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
-	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
-	0x1d165, 0x1d165,
-	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
-	0x1d16e, 0x1d172,
-	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
-	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
-	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
-	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
-	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
-	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
-	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
-	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
-	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
-	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
-	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
-	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
-	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
-	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
-	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
-	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
-	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
-	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
-	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
-	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
-	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Regional_Indicator */
-#define CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator CR_Regional_Indicator
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=SpacingMark */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark[] = {
-	161,
-	0x0903, 0x0903,
-	0x093b, 0x093b,
-	0x093e, 0x0940,
-	0x0949, 0x094c,
-	0x094e, 0x094f,
-	0x0982, 0x0983,
-	0x09bf, 0x09c0,
-	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
-	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
-	0x0a03, 0x0a03,
-	0x0a3e, 0x0a40,
-	0x0a83, 0x0a83,
-	0x0abe, 0x0ac0,
-	0x0ac9, 0x0ac9,
-	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
-	0x0b02, 0x0b03,
-	0x0b40, 0x0b40,
-	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
-	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
-	0x0bbf, 0x0bbf,
-	0x0bc1, 0x0bc2,
-	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
-	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
-	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
-	0x0c41, 0x0c44,
-	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
-	0x0cbe, 0x0cbe,
-	0x0cc0, 0x0cc1,
-	0x0cc3, 0x0cc4,
-	0x0cc7, 0x0cc8,
-	0x0cca, 0x0ccb,
-	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
-	0x0d3f, 0x0d40,
-	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
-	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
-	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
-	0x0dd0, 0x0dd1,
-	0x0dd8, 0x0dde,
-	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
-	0x0e33, 0x0e33,
-	0x0eb3, 0x0eb3,
-	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
-	0x0f7f, 0x0f7f,
-	0x1031, 0x1031,
-	0x103b, 0x103c,
-	0x1056, 0x1057,
-	0x1084, 0x1084,
-	0x1715, 0x1715,
-	0x1734, 0x1734,
-	0x17b6, 0x17b6,
-	0x17be, 0x17c5,
-	0x17c7, 0x17c8,
-	0x1923, 0x1926,
-	0x1929, 0x192b,
-	0x1930, 0x1931,
-	0x1933, 0x1938,
-	0x1a19, 0x1a1a,
-	0x1a55, 0x1a55,
-	0x1a57, 0x1a57,
-	0x1a6d, 0x1a72,
-	0x1b04, 0x1b04,
-	0x1b3b, 0x1b3b,
-	0x1b3d, 0x1b41,
-	0x1b43, 0x1b44,
-	0x1b82, 0x1b82,
-	0x1ba1, 0x1ba1,
-	0x1ba6, 0x1ba7,
-	0x1baa, 0x1baa,
-	0x1be7, 0x1be7,
-	0x1bea, 0x1bec,
-	0x1bee, 0x1bee,
-	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
-	0x1c24, 0x1c2b,
-	0x1c34, 0x1c35,
-	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
-	0x1cf7, 0x1cf7,
-	0xa823, 0xa824,
-	0xa827, 0xa827,
-	0xa880, 0xa881,
-	0xa8b4, 0xa8c3,
-	0xa952, 0xa953,
-	0xa983, 0xa983,
-	0xa9b4, 0xa9b5,
-	0xa9ba, 0xa9bb,
-	0xa9be, 0xa9c0,
-	0xaa2f, 0xaa30,
-	0xaa33, 0xaa34,
-	0xaa4d, 0xaa4d,
-	0xaaeb, 0xaaeb,
-	0xaaee, 0xaaef,
-	0xaaf5, 0xaaf5,
-	0xabe3, 0xabe4,
-	0xabe6, 0xabe7,
-	0xabe9, 0xabea,
-	0xabec, 0xabec,
-	0x11000, 0x11000,
-	0x11002, 0x11002,
-	0x11082, 0x11082,
-	0x110b0, 0x110b2,
-	0x110b7, 0x110b8,
-	0x1112c, 0x1112c,
-	0x11145, 0x11146,
-	0x11182, 0x11182,
-	0x111b3, 0x111b5,
-	0x111bf, 0x111c0,
-	0x111ce, 0x111ce,
-	0x1122c, 0x1122e,
-	0x11232, 0x11233,
-	0x11235, 0x11235,
-	0x112e0, 0x112e2,
-	0x11302, 0x11303,
-	0x1133f, 0x1133f,
-	0x11341, 0x11344,
-	0x11347, 0x11348,
-	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
-	0x11362, 0x11363,
-	0x11435, 0x11437,
-	0x11440, 0x11441,
-	0x11445, 0x11445,
-	0x114b1, 0x114b2,
-	0x114b9, 0x114b9,
-	0x114bb, 0x114bc,
-	0x114be, 0x114be,
-	0x114c1, 0x114c1,
-	0x115b0, 0x115b1,
-	0x115b8, 0x115bb,
-	0x115be, 0x115be,
-	0x11630, 0x11632,
-	0x1163b, 0x1163c,
-	0x1163e, 0x1163e,
-	0x116ac, 0x116ac,
-	0x116ae, 0x116af,
-	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
-	0x11720, 0x11721,
-	0x11726, 0x11726,
-	0x1182c, 0x1182e,
-	0x11838, 0x11838,
-	0x11931, 0x11935,
-	0x11937, 0x11938,
-	0x1193d, 0x1193d,
-	0x11940, 0x11940,
-	0x11942, 0x11942,
-	0x119d1, 0x119d3,
-	0x119dc, 0x119df,
-	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
-	0x11a39, 0x11a39,
-	0x11a57, 0x11a58,
-	0x11a97, 0x11a97,
-	0x11c2f, 0x11c2f,
-	0x11c3e, 0x11c3e,
-	0x11ca9, 0x11ca9,
-	0x11cb1, 0x11cb1,
-	0x11cb4, 0x11cb4,
-	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
-	0x11d93, 0x11d94,
-	0x11d96, 0x11d96,
-	0x11ef5, 0x11ef6,
-	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
-	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
-	0x1d166, 0x1d166,
-	0x1d16d, 0x1d16d,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=L */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1100, 0x115f,
-	0xa960, 0xa97c,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=V */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V[] = {
-	2,
-	0x1160, 0x11a7,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=T */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T[] = {
-	2,
-	0x11a8, 0x11ff,
-	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=LV */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV[] = {
-	399,
-	0xac00, 0xac00,
-	0xac1c, 0xac1c,
-	0xac38, 0xac38,
-	0xac54, 0xac54,
-	0xac70, 0xac70,
-	0xac8c, 0xac8c,
-	0xaca8, 0xaca8,
-	0xacc4, 0xacc4,
-	0xace0, 0xace0,
-	0xacfc, 0xacfc,
-	0xad18, 0xad18,
-	0xad34, 0xad34,
-	0xad50, 0xad50,
-	0xad6c, 0xad6c,
-	0xad88, 0xad88,
-	0xada4, 0xada4,
-	0xadc0, 0xadc0,
-	0xaddc, 0xaddc,
-	0xadf8, 0xadf8,
-	0xae14, 0xae14,
-	0xae30, 0xae30,
-	0xae4c, 0xae4c,
-	0xae68, 0xae68,
-	0xae84, 0xae84,
-	0xaea0, 0xaea0,
-	0xaebc, 0xaebc,
-	0xaed8, 0xaed8,
-	0xaef4, 0xaef4,
-	0xaf10, 0xaf10,
-	0xaf2c, 0xaf2c,
-	0xaf48, 0xaf48,
-	0xaf64, 0xaf64,
-	0xaf80, 0xaf80,
-	0xaf9c, 0xaf9c,
-	0xafb8, 0xafb8,
-	0xafd4, 0xafd4,
-	0xaff0, 0xaff0,
-	0xb00c, 0xb00c,
-	0xb028, 0xb028,
-	0xb044, 0xb044,
-	0xb060, 0xb060,
-	0xb07c, 0xb07c,
-	0xb098, 0xb098,
-	0xb0b4, 0xb0b4,
-	0xb0d0, 0xb0d0,
-	0xb0ec, 0xb0ec,
-	0xb108, 0xb108,
-	0xb124, 0xb124,
-	0xb140, 0xb140,
-	0xb15c, 0xb15c,
-	0xb178, 0xb178,
-	0xb194, 0xb194,
-	0xb1b0, 0xb1b0,
-	0xb1cc, 0xb1cc,
-	0xb1e8, 0xb1e8,
-	0xb204, 0xb204,
-	0xb220, 0xb220,
-	0xb23c, 0xb23c,
-	0xb258, 0xb258,
-	0xb274, 0xb274,
-	0xb290, 0xb290,
-	0xb2ac, 0xb2ac,
-	0xb2c8, 0xb2c8,
-	0xb2e4, 0xb2e4,
-	0xb300, 0xb300,
-	0xb31c, 0xb31c,
-	0xb338, 0xb338,
-	0xb354, 0xb354,
-	0xb370, 0xb370,
-	0xb38c, 0xb38c,
-	0xb3a8, 0xb3a8,
-	0xb3c4, 0xb3c4,
-	0xb3e0, 0xb3e0,
-	0xb3fc, 0xb3fc,
-	0xb418, 0xb418,
-	0xb434, 0xb434,
-	0xb450, 0xb450,
-	0xb46c, 0xb46c,
-	0xb488, 0xb488,
-	0xb4a4, 0xb4a4,
-	0xb4c0, 0xb4c0,
-	0xb4dc, 0xb4dc,
-	0xb4f8, 0xb4f8,
-	0xb514, 0xb514,
-	0xb530, 0xb530,
-	0xb54c, 0xb54c,
-	0xb568, 0xb568,
-	0xb584, 0xb584,
-	0xb5a0, 0xb5a0,
-	0xb5bc, 0xb5bc,
-	0xb5d8, 0xb5d8,
-	0xb5f4, 0xb5f4,
-	0xb610, 0xb610,
-	0xb62c, 0xb62c,
-	0xb648, 0xb648,
-	0xb664, 0xb664,
-	0xb680, 0xb680,
-	0xb69c, 0xb69c,
-	0xb6b8, 0xb6b8,
-	0xb6d4, 0xb6d4,
-	0xb6f0, 0xb6f0,
-	0xb70c, 0xb70c,
-	0xb728, 0xb728,
-	0xb744, 0xb744,
-	0xb760, 0xb760,
-	0xb77c, 0xb77c,
-	0xb798, 0xb798,
-	0xb7b4, 0xb7b4,
-	0xb7d0, 0xb7d0,
-	0xb7ec, 0xb7ec,
-	0xb808, 0xb808,
-	0xb824, 0xb824,
-	0xb840, 0xb840,
-	0xb85c, 0xb85c,
-	0xb878, 0xb878,
-	0xb894, 0xb894,
-	0xb8b0, 0xb8b0,
-	0xb8cc, 0xb8cc,
-	0xb8e8, 0xb8e8,
-	0xb904, 0xb904,
-	0xb920, 0xb920,
-	0xb93c, 0xb93c,
-	0xb958, 0xb958,
-	0xb974, 0xb974,
-	0xb990, 0xb990,
-	0xb9ac, 0xb9ac,
-	0xb9c8, 0xb9c8,
-	0xb9e4, 0xb9e4,
-	0xba00, 0xba00,
-	0xba1c, 0xba1c,
-	0xba38, 0xba38,
-	0xba54, 0xba54,
-	0xba70, 0xba70,
-	0xba8c, 0xba8c,
-	0xbaa8, 0xbaa8,
-	0xbac4, 0xbac4,
-	0xbae0, 0xbae0,
-	0xbafc, 0xbafc,
-	0xbb18, 0xbb18,
-	0xbb34, 0xbb34,
-	0xbb50, 0xbb50,
-	0xbb6c, 0xbb6c,
-	0xbb88, 0xbb88,
-	0xbba4, 0xbba4,
-	0xbbc0, 0xbbc0,
-	0xbbdc, 0xbbdc,
-	0xbbf8, 0xbbf8,
-	0xbc14, 0xbc14,
-	0xbc30, 0xbc30,
-	0xbc4c, 0xbc4c,
-	0xbc68, 0xbc68,
-	0xbc84, 0xbc84,
-	0xbca0, 0xbca0,
-	0xbcbc, 0xbcbc,
-	0xbcd8, 0xbcd8,
-	0xbcf4, 0xbcf4,
-	0xbd10, 0xbd10,
-	0xbd2c, 0xbd2c,
-	0xbd48, 0xbd48,
-	0xbd64, 0xbd64,
-	0xbd80, 0xbd80,
-	0xbd9c, 0xbd9c,
-	0xbdb8, 0xbdb8,
-	0xbdd4, 0xbdd4,
-	0xbdf0, 0xbdf0,
-	0xbe0c, 0xbe0c,
-	0xbe28, 0xbe28,
-	0xbe44, 0xbe44,
-	0xbe60, 0xbe60,
-	0xbe7c, 0xbe7c,
-	0xbe98, 0xbe98,
-	0xbeb4, 0xbeb4,
-	0xbed0, 0xbed0,
-	0xbeec, 0xbeec,
-	0xbf08, 0xbf08,
-	0xbf24, 0xbf24,
-	0xbf40, 0xbf40,
-	0xbf5c, 0xbf5c,
-	0xbf78, 0xbf78,
-	0xbf94, 0xbf94,
-	0xbfb0, 0xbfb0,
-	0xbfcc, 0xbfcc,
-	0xbfe8, 0xbfe8,
-	0xc004, 0xc004,
-	0xc020, 0xc020,
-	0xc03c, 0xc03c,
-	0xc058, 0xc058,
-	0xc074, 0xc074,
-	0xc090, 0xc090,
-	0xc0ac, 0xc0ac,
-	0xc0c8, 0xc0c8,
-	0xc0e4, 0xc0e4,
-	0xc100, 0xc100,
-	0xc11c, 0xc11c,
-	0xc138, 0xc138,
-	0xc154, 0xc154,
-	0xc170, 0xc170,
-	0xc18c, 0xc18c,
-	0xc1a8, 0xc1a8,
-	0xc1c4, 0xc1c4,
-	0xc1e0, 0xc1e0,
-	0xc1fc, 0xc1fc,
-	0xc218, 0xc218,
-	0xc234, 0xc234,
-	0xc250, 0xc250,
-	0xc26c, 0xc26c,
-	0xc288, 0xc288,
-	0xc2a4, 0xc2a4,
-	0xc2c0, 0xc2c0,
-	0xc2dc, 0xc2dc,
-	0xc2f8, 0xc2f8,
-	0xc314, 0xc314,
-	0xc330, 0xc330,
-	0xc34c, 0xc34c,
-	0xc368, 0xc368,
-	0xc384, 0xc384,
-	0xc3a0, 0xc3a0,
-	0xc3bc, 0xc3bc,
-	0xc3d8, 0xc3d8,
-	0xc3f4, 0xc3f4,
-	0xc410, 0xc410,
-	0xc42c, 0xc42c,
-	0xc448, 0xc448,
-	0xc464, 0xc464,
-	0xc480, 0xc480,
-	0xc49c, 0xc49c,
-	0xc4b8, 0xc4b8,
-	0xc4d4, 0xc4d4,
-	0xc4f0, 0xc4f0,
-	0xc50c, 0xc50c,
-	0xc528, 0xc528,
-	0xc544, 0xc544,
-	0xc560, 0xc560,
-	0xc57c, 0xc57c,
-	0xc598, 0xc598,
-	0xc5b4, 0xc5b4,
-	0xc5d0, 0xc5d0,
-	0xc5ec, 0xc5ec,
-	0xc608, 0xc608,
-	0xc624, 0xc624,
-	0xc640, 0xc640,
-	0xc65c, 0xc65c,
-	0xc678, 0xc678,
-	0xc694, 0xc694,
-	0xc6b0, 0xc6b0,
-	0xc6cc, 0xc6cc,
-	0xc6e8, 0xc6e8,
-	0xc704, 0xc704,
-	0xc720, 0xc720,
-	0xc73c, 0xc73c,
-	0xc758, 0xc758,
-	0xc774, 0xc774,
-	0xc790, 0xc790,
-	0xc7ac, 0xc7ac,
-	0xc7c8, 0xc7c8,
-	0xc7e4, 0xc7e4,
-	0xc800, 0xc800,
-	0xc81c, 0xc81c,
-	0xc838, 0xc838,
-	0xc854, 0xc854,
-	0xc870, 0xc870,
-	0xc88c, 0xc88c,
-	0xc8a8, 0xc8a8,
-	0xc8c4, 0xc8c4,
-	0xc8e0, 0xc8e0,
-	0xc8fc, 0xc8fc,
-	0xc918, 0xc918,
-	0xc934, 0xc934,
-	0xc950, 0xc950,
-	0xc96c, 0xc96c,
-	0xc988, 0xc988,
-	0xc9a4, 0xc9a4,
-	0xc9c0, 0xc9c0,
-	0xc9dc, 0xc9dc,
-	0xc9f8, 0xc9f8,
-	0xca14, 0xca14,
-	0xca30, 0xca30,
-	0xca4c, 0xca4c,
-	0xca68, 0xca68,
-	0xca84, 0xca84,
-	0xcaa0, 0xcaa0,
-	0xcabc, 0xcabc,
-	0xcad8, 0xcad8,
-	0xcaf4, 0xcaf4,
-	0xcb10, 0xcb10,
-	0xcb2c, 0xcb2c,
-	0xcb48, 0xcb48,
-	0xcb64, 0xcb64,
-	0xcb80, 0xcb80,
-	0xcb9c, 0xcb9c,
-	0xcbb8, 0xcbb8,
-	0xcbd4, 0xcbd4,
-	0xcbf0, 0xcbf0,
-	0xcc0c, 0xcc0c,
-	0xcc28, 0xcc28,
-	0xcc44, 0xcc44,
-	0xcc60, 0xcc60,
-	0xcc7c, 0xcc7c,
-	0xcc98, 0xcc98,
-	0xccb4, 0xccb4,
-	0xccd0, 0xccd0,
-	0xccec, 0xccec,
-	0xcd08, 0xcd08,
-	0xcd24, 0xcd24,
-	0xcd40, 0xcd40,
-	0xcd5c, 0xcd5c,
-	0xcd78, 0xcd78,
-	0xcd94, 0xcd94,
-	0xcdb0, 0xcdb0,
-	0xcdcc, 0xcdcc,
-	0xcde8, 0xcde8,
-	0xce04, 0xce04,
-	0xce20, 0xce20,
-	0xce3c, 0xce3c,
-	0xce58, 0xce58,
-	0xce74, 0xce74,
-	0xce90, 0xce90,
-	0xceac, 0xceac,
-	0xcec8, 0xcec8,
-	0xcee4, 0xcee4,
-	0xcf00, 0xcf00,
-	0xcf1c, 0xcf1c,
-	0xcf38, 0xcf38,
-	0xcf54, 0xcf54,
-	0xcf70, 0xcf70,
-	0xcf8c, 0xcf8c,
-	0xcfa8, 0xcfa8,
-	0xcfc4, 0xcfc4,
-	0xcfe0, 0xcfe0,
-	0xcffc, 0xcffc,
-	0xd018, 0xd018,
-	0xd034, 0xd034,
-	0xd050, 0xd050,
-	0xd06c, 0xd06c,
-	0xd088, 0xd088,
-	0xd0a4, 0xd0a4,
-	0xd0c0, 0xd0c0,
-	0xd0dc, 0xd0dc,
-	0xd0f8, 0xd0f8,
-	0xd114, 0xd114,
-	0xd130, 0xd130,
-	0xd14c, 0xd14c,
-	0xd168, 0xd168,
-	0xd184, 0xd184,
-	0xd1a0, 0xd1a0,
-	0xd1bc, 0xd1bc,
-	0xd1d8, 0xd1d8,
-	0xd1f4, 0xd1f4,
-	0xd210, 0xd210,
-	0xd22c, 0xd22c,
-	0xd248, 0xd248,
-	0xd264, 0xd264,
-	0xd280, 0xd280,
-	0xd29c, 0xd29c,
-	0xd2b8, 0xd2b8,
-	0xd2d4, 0xd2d4,
-	0xd2f0, 0xd2f0,
-	0xd30c, 0xd30c,
-	0xd328, 0xd328,
-	0xd344, 0xd344,
-	0xd360, 0xd360,
-	0xd37c, 0xd37c,
-	0xd398, 0xd398,
-	0xd3b4, 0xd3b4,
-	0xd3d0, 0xd3d0,
-	0xd3ec, 0xd3ec,
-	0xd408, 0xd408,
-	0xd424, 0xd424,
-	0xd440, 0xd440,
-	0xd45c, 0xd45c,
-	0xd478, 0xd478,
-	0xd494, 0xd494,
-	0xd4b0, 0xd4b0,
-	0xd4cc, 0xd4cc,
-	0xd4e8, 0xd4e8,
-	0xd504, 0xd504,
-	0xd520, 0xd520,
-	0xd53c, 0xd53c,
-	0xd558, 0xd558,
-	0xd574, 0xd574,
-	0xd590, 0xd590,
-	0xd5ac, 0xd5ac,
-	0xd5c8, 0xd5c8,
-	0xd5e4, 0xd5e4,
-	0xd600, 0xd600,
-	0xd61c, 0xd61c,
-	0xd638, 0xd638,
-	0xd654, 0xd654,
-	0xd670, 0xd670,
-	0xd68c, 0xd68c,
-	0xd6a8, 0xd6a8,
-	0xd6c4, 0xd6c4,
-	0xd6e0, 0xd6e0,
-	0xd6fc, 0xd6fc,
-	0xd718, 0xd718,
-	0xd734, 0xd734,
-	0xd750, 0xd750,
-	0xd76c, 0xd76c,
-	0xd788, 0xd788,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=LVT */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT[] = {
-	399,
-	0xac01, 0xac1b,
-	0xac1d, 0xac37,
-	0xac39, 0xac53,
-	0xac55, 0xac6f,
-	0xac71, 0xac8b,
-	0xac8d, 0xaca7,
-	0xaca9, 0xacc3,
-	0xacc5, 0xacdf,
-	0xace1, 0xacfb,
-	0xacfd, 0xad17,
-	0xad19, 0xad33,
-	0xad35, 0xad4f,
-	0xad51, 0xad6b,
-	0xad6d, 0xad87,
-	0xad89, 0xada3,
-	0xada5, 0xadbf,
-	0xadc1, 0xaddb,
-	0xaddd, 0xadf7,
-	0xadf9, 0xae13,
-	0xae15, 0xae2f,
-	0xae31, 0xae4b,
-	0xae4d, 0xae67,
-	0xae69, 0xae83,
-	0xae85, 0xae9f,
-	0xaea1, 0xaebb,
-	0xaebd, 0xaed7,
-	0xaed9, 0xaef3,
-	0xaef5, 0xaf0f,
-	0xaf11, 0xaf2b,
-	0xaf2d, 0xaf47,
-	0xaf49, 0xaf63,
-	0xaf65, 0xaf7f,
-	0xaf81, 0xaf9b,
-	0xaf9d, 0xafb7,
-	0xafb9, 0xafd3,
-	0xafd5, 0xafef,
-	0xaff1, 0xb00b,
-	0xb00d, 0xb027,
-	0xb029, 0xb043,
-	0xb045, 0xb05f,
-	0xb061, 0xb07b,
-	0xb07d, 0xb097,
-	0xb099, 0xb0b3,
-	0xb0b5, 0xb0cf,
-	0xb0d1, 0xb0eb,
-	0xb0ed, 0xb107,
-	0xb109, 0xb123,
-	0xb125, 0xb13f,
-	0xb141, 0xb15b,
-	0xb15d, 0xb177,
-	0xb179, 0xb193,
-	0xb195, 0xb1af,
-	0xb1b1, 0xb1cb,
-	0xb1cd, 0xb1e7,
-	0xb1e9, 0xb203,
-	0xb205, 0xb21f,
-	0xb221, 0xb23b,
-	0xb23d, 0xb257,
-	0xb259, 0xb273,
-	0xb275, 0xb28f,
-	0xb291, 0xb2ab,
-	0xb2ad, 0xb2c7,
-	0xb2c9, 0xb2e3,
-	0xb2e5, 0xb2ff,
-	0xb301, 0xb31b,
-	0xb31d, 0xb337,
-	0xb339, 0xb353,
-	0xb355, 0xb36f,
-	0xb371, 0xb38b,
-	0xb38d, 0xb3a7,
-	0xb3a9, 0xb3c3,
-	0xb3c5, 0xb3df,
-	0xb3e1, 0xb3fb,
-	0xb3fd, 0xb417,
-	0xb419, 0xb433,
-	0xb435, 0xb44f,
-	0xb451, 0xb46b,
-	0xb46d, 0xb487,
-	0xb489, 0xb4a3,
-	0xb4a5, 0xb4bf,
-	0xb4c1, 0xb4db,
-	0xb4dd, 0xb4f7,
-	0xb4f9, 0xb513,
-	0xb515, 0xb52f,
-	0xb531, 0xb54b,
-	0xb54d, 0xb567,
-	0xb569, 0xb583,
-	0xb585, 0xb59f,
-	0xb5a1, 0xb5bb,
-	0xb5bd, 0xb5d7,
-	0xb5d9, 0xb5f3,
-	0xb5f5, 0xb60f,
-	0xb611, 0xb62b,
-	0xb62d, 0xb647,
-	0xb649, 0xb663,
-	0xb665, 0xb67f,
-	0xb681, 0xb69b,
-	0xb69d, 0xb6b7,
-	0xb6b9, 0xb6d3,
-	0xb6d5, 0xb6ef,
-	0xb6f1, 0xb70b,
-	0xb70d, 0xb727,
-	0xb729, 0xb743,
-	0xb745, 0xb75f,
-	0xb761, 0xb77b,
-	0xb77d, 0xb797,
-	0xb799, 0xb7b3,
-	0xb7b5, 0xb7cf,
-	0xb7d1, 0xb7eb,
-	0xb7ed, 0xb807,
-	0xb809, 0xb823,
-	0xb825, 0xb83f,
-	0xb841, 0xb85b,
-	0xb85d, 0xb877,
-	0xb879, 0xb893,
-	0xb895, 0xb8af,
-	0xb8b1, 0xb8cb,
-	0xb8cd, 0xb8e7,
-	0xb8e9, 0xb903,
-	0xb905, 0xb91f,
-	0xb921, 0xb93b,
-	0xb93d, 0xb957,
-	0xb959, 0xb973,
-	0xb975, 0xb98f,
-	0xb991, 0xb9ab,
-	0xb9ad, 0xb9c7,
-	0xb9c9, 0xb9e3,
-	0xb9e5, 0xb9ff,
-	0xba01, 0xba1b,
-	0xba1d, 0xba37,
-	0xba39, 0xba53,
-	0xba55, 0xba6f,
-	0xba71, 0xba8b,
-	0xba8d, 0xbaa7,
-	0xbaa9, 0xbac3,
-	0xbac5, 0xbadf,
-	0xbae1, 0xbafb,
-	0xbafd, 0xbb17,
-	0xbb19, 0xbb33,
-	0xbb35, 0xbb4f,
-	0xbb51, 0xbb6b,
-	0xbb6d, 0xbb87,
-	0xbb89, 0xbba3,
-	0xbba5, 0xbbbf,
-	0xbbc1, 0xbbdb,
-	0xbbdd, 0xbbf7,
-	0xbbf9, 0xbc13,
-	0xbc15, 0xbc2f,
-	0xbc31, 0xbc4b,
-	0xbc4d, 0xbc67,
-	0xbc69, 0xbc83,
-	0xbc85, 0xbc9f,
-	0xbca1, 0xbcbb,
-	0xbcbd, 0xbcd7,
-	0xbcd9, 0xbcf3,
-	0xbcf5, 0xbd0f,
-	0xbd11, 0xbd2b,
-	0xbd2d, 0xbd47,
-	0xbd49, 0xbd63,
-	0xbd65, 0xbd7f,
-	0xbd81, 0xbd9b,
-	0xbd9d, 0xbdb7,
-	0xbdb9, 0xbdd3,
-	0xbdd5, 0xbdef,
-	0xbdf1, 0xbe0b,
-	0xbe0d, 0xbe27,
-	0xbe29, 0xbe43,
-	0xbe45, 0xbe5f,
-	0xbe61, 0xbe7b,
-	0xbe7d, 0xbe97,
-	0xbe99, 0xbeb3,
-	0xbeb5, 0xbecf,
-	0xbed1, 0xbeeb,
-	0xbeed, 0xbf07,
-	0xbf09, 0xbf23,
-	0xbf25, 0xbf3f,
-	0xbf41, 0xbf5b,
-	0xbf5d, 0xbf77,
-	0xbf79, 0xbf93,
-	0xbf95, 0xbfaf,
-	0xbfb1, 0xbfcb,
-	0xbfcd, 0xbfe7,
-	0xbfe9, 0xc003,
-	0xc005, 0xc01f,
-	0xc021, 0xc03b,
-	0xc03d, 0xc057,
-	0xc059, 0xc073,
-	0xc075, 0xc08f,
-	0xc091, 0xc0ab,
-	0xc0ad, 0xc0c7,
-	0xc0c9, 0xc0e3,
-	0xc0e5, 0xc0ff,
-	0xc101, 0xc11b,
-	0xc11d, 0xc137,
-	0xc139, 0xc153,
-	0xc155, 0xc16f,
-	0xc171, 0xc18b,
-	0xc18d, 0xc1a7,
-	0xc1a9, 0xc1c3,
-	0xc1c5, 0xc1df,
-	0xc1e1, 0xc1fb,
-	0xc1fd, 0xc217,
-	0xc219, 0xc233,
-	0xc235, 0xc24f,
-	0xc251, 0xc26b,
-	0xc26d, 0xc287,
-	0xc289, 0xc2a3,
-	0xc2a5, 0xc2bf,
-	0xc2c1, 0xc2db,
-	0xc2dd, 0xc2f7,
-	0xc2f9, 0xc313,
-	0xc315, 0xc32f,
-	0xc331, 0xc34b,
-	0xc34d, 0xc367,
-	0xc369, 0xc383,
-	0xc385, 0xc39f,
-	0xc3a1, 0xc3bb,
-	0xc3bd, 0xc3d7,
-	0xc3d9, 0xc3f3,
-	0xc3f5, 0xc40f,
-	0xc411, 0xc42b,
-	0xc42d, 0xc447,
-	0xc449, 0xc463,
-	0xc465, 0xc47f,
-	0xc481, 0xc49b,
-	0xc49d, 0xc4b7,
-	0xc4b9, 0xc4d3,
-	0xc4d5, 0xc4ef,
-	0xc4f1, 0xc50b,
-	0xc50d, 0xc527,
-	0xc529, 0xc543,
-	0xc545, 0xc55f,
-	0xc561, 0xc57b,
-	0xc57d, 0xc597,
-	0xc599, 0xc5b3,
-	0xc5b5, 0xc5cf,
-	0xc5d1, 0xc5eb,
-	0xc5ed, 0xc607,
-	0xc609, 0xc623,
-	0xc625, 0xc63f,
-	0xc641, 0xc65b,
-	0xc65d, 0xc677,
-	0xc679, 0xc693,
-	0xc695, 0xc6af,
-	0xc6b1, 0xc6cb,
-	0xc6cd, 0xc6e7,
-	0xc6e9, 0xc703,
-	0xc705, 0xc71f,
-	0xc721, 0xc73b,
-	0xc73d, 0xc757,
-	0xc759, 0xc773,
-	0xc775, 0xc78f,
-	0xc791, 0xc7ab,
-	0xc7ad, 0xc7c7,
-	0xc7c9, 0xc7e3,
-	0xc7e5, 0xc7ff,
-	0xc801, 0xc81b,
-	0xc81d, 0xc837,
-	0xc839, 0xc853,
-	0xc855, 0xc86f,
-	0xc871, 0xc88b,
-	0xc88d, 0xc8a7,
-	0xc8a9, 0xc8c3,
-	0xc8c5, 0xc8df,
-	0xc8e1, 0xc8fb,
-	0xc8fd, 0xc917,
-	0xc919, 0xc933,
-	0xc935, 0xc94f,
-	0xc951, 0xc96b,
-	0xc96d, 0xc987,
-	0xc989, 0xc9a3,
-	0xc9a5, 0xc9bf,
-	0xc9c1, 0xc9db,
-	0xc9dd, 0xc9f7,
-	0xc9f9, 0xca13,
-	0xca15, 0xca2f,
-	0xca31, 0xca4b,
-	0xca4d, 0xca67,
-	0xca69, 0xca83,
-	0xca85, 0xca9f,
-	0xcaa1, 0xcabb,
-	0xcabd, 0xcad7,
-	0xcad9, 0xcaf3,
-	0xcaf5, 0xcb0f,
-	0xcb11, 0xcb2b,
-	0xcb2d, 0xcb47,
-	0xcb49, 0xcb63,
-	0xcb65, 0xcb7f,
-	0xcb81, 0xcb9b,
-	0xcb9d, 0xcbb7,
-	0xcbb9, 0xcbd3,
-	0xcbd5, 0xcbef,
-	0xcbf1, 0xcc0b,
-	0xcc0d, 0xcc27,
-	0xcc29, 0xcc43,
-	0xcc45, 0xcc5f,
-	0xcc61, 0xcc7b,
-	0xcc7d, 0xcc97,
-	0xcc99, 0xccb3,
-	0xccb5, 0xcccf,
-	0xccd1, 0xcceb,
-	0xcced, 0xcd07,
-	0xcd09, 0xcd23,
-	0xcd25, 0xcd3f,
-	0xcd41, 0xcd5b,
-	0xcd5d, 0xcd77,
-	0xcd79, 0xcd93,
-	0xcd95, 0xcdaf,
-	0xcdb1, 0xcdcb,
-	0xcdcd, 0xcde7,
-	0xcde9, 0xce03,
-	0xce05, 0xce1f,
-	0xce21, 0xce3b,
-	0xce3d, 0xce57,
-	0xce59, 0xce73,
-	0xce75, 0xce8f,
-	0xce91, 0xceab,
-	0xcead, 0xcec7,
-	0xcec9, 0xcee3,
-	0xcee5, 0xceff,
-	0xcf01, 0xcf1b,
-	0xcf1d, 0xcf37,
-	0xcf39, 0xcf53,
-	0xcf55, 0xcf6f,
-	0xcf71, 0xcf8b,
-	0xcf8d, 0xcfa7,
-	0xcfa9, 0xcfc3,
-	0xcfc5, 0xcfdf,
-	0xcfe1, 0xcffb,
-	0xcffd, 0xd017,
-	0xd019, 0xd033,
-	0xd035, 0xd04f,
-	0xd051, 0xd06b,
-	0xd06d, 0xd087,
-	0xd089, 0xd0a3,
-	0xd0a5, 0xd0bf,
-	0xd0c1, 0xd0db,
-	0xd0dd, 0xd0f7,
-	0xd0f9, 0xd113,
-	0xd115, 0xd12f,
-	0xd131, 0xd14b,
-	0xd14d, 0xd167,
-	0xd169, 0xd183,
-	0xd185, 0xd19f,
-	0xd1a1, 0xd1bb,
-	0xd1bd, 0xd1d7,
-	0xd1d9, 0xd1f3,
-	0xd1f5, 0xd20f,
-	0xd211, 0xd22b,
-	0xd22d, 0xd247,
-	0xd249, 0xd263,
-	0xd265, 0xd27f,
-	0xd281, 0xd29b,
-	0xd29d, 0xd2b7,
-	0xd2b9, 0xd2d3,
-	0xd2d5, 0xd2ef,
-	0xd2f1, 0xd30b,
-	0xd30d, 0xd327,
-	0xd329, 0xd343,
-	0xd345, 0xd35f,
-	0xd361, 0xd37b,
-	0xd37d, 0xd397,
-	0xd399, 0xd3b3,
-	0xd3b5, 0xd3cf,
-	0xd3d1, 0xd3eb,
-	0xd3ed, 0xd407,
-	0xd409, 0xd423,
-	0xd425, 0xd43f,
-	0xd441, 0xd45b,
-	0xd45d, 0xd477,
-	0xd479, 0xd493,
-	0xd495, 0xd4af,
-	0xd4b1, 0xd4cb,
-	0xd4cd, 0xd4e7,
-	0xd4e9, 0xd503,
-	0xd505, 0xd51f,
-	0xd521, 0xd53b,
-	0xd53d, 0xd557,
-	0xd559, 0xd573,
-	0xd575, 0xd58f,
-	0xd591, 0xd5ab,
-	0xd5ad, 0xd5c7,
-	0xd5c9, 0xd5e3,
-	0xd5e5, 0xd5ff,
-	0xd601, 0xd61b,
-	0xd61d, 0xd637,
-	0xd639, 0xd653,
-	0xd655, 0xd66f,
-	0xd671, 0xd68b,
-	0xd68d, 0xd6a7,
-	0xd6a9, 0xd6c3,
-	0xd6c5, 0xd6df,
-	0xd6e1, 0xd6fb,
-	0xd6fd, 0xd717,
-	0xd719, 0xd733,
-	0xd735, 0xd74f,
-	0xd751, 0xd76b,
-	0xd76d, 0xd787,
-	0xd789, 0xd7a3,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT */
-
-/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=ZWJ */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ[] = {
-	1,
-	0x200d, 0x200d,
-}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ */
-
-/* 'In_Basic_Latin': Block */
-#define CR_In_Basic_Latin CR_ASCII
-
-/* 'In_Latin_1_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_1_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0080, 0x00ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_1_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0100, 0x017f,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0180, 0x024f,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_IPA_Extensions': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_IPA_Extensions[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0250, 0x02af,
-}; /* CR_In_IPA_Extensions */
-
-/* 'In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters[] = {
-	1,
-	0x02b0, 0x02ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters */
-
-/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0300, 0x036f,
-}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks */
-
-/* 'In_Greek_and_Coptic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Greek_and_Coptic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0370, 0x03ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Greek_and_Coptic */
-
-/* 'In_Cyrillic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0400, 0x04ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic */
-
-/* 'In_Cyrillic_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0500, 0x052f,
-}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Armenian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Armenian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0530, 0x058f,
-}; /* CR_In_Armenian */
-
-/* 'In_Hebrew': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hebrew[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0590, 0x05ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Hebrew */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0600, 0x06ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic */
-
-/* 'In_Syriac': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Syriac[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0700, 0x074f,
-}; /* CR_In_Syriac */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0750, 0x077f,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Thaana': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Thaana[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0780, 0x07bf,
-}; /* CR_In_Thaana */
-
-/* 'In_NKo': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_NKo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x07c0, 0x07ff,
-}; /* CR_In_NKo */
-
-/* 'In_Samaritan': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Samaritan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0800, 0x083f,
-}; /* CR_In_Samaritan */
-
-/* 'In_Mandaic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mandaic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0840, 0x085f,
-}; /* CR_In_Mandaic */
-
-/* 'In_Syriac_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Syriac_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0860, 0x086f,
-}; /* CR_In_Syriac_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0870, 0x089f,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x08a0, 0x08ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Devanagari': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Devanagari[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0900, 0x097f,
-}; /* CR_In_Devanagari */
-
-/* 'In_Bengali': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bengali[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0980, 0x09ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Bengali */
-
-/* 'In_Gurmukhi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gurmukhi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0a00, 0x0a7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Gurmukhi */
-
-/* 'In_Gujarati': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gujarati[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0a80, 0x0aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Gujarati */
-
-/* 'In_Oriya': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Oriya[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0b00, 0x0b7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Oriya */
-
-/* 'In_Tamil': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tamil[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0b80, 0x0bff,
-}; /* CR_In_Tamil */
-
-/* 'In_Telugu': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Telugu[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0c00, 0x0c7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Telugu */
-
-/* 'In_Kannada': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kannada[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0c80, 0x0cff,
-}; /* CR_In_Kannada */
-
-/* 'In_Malayalam': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Malayalam[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0d00, 0x0d7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Malayalam */
-
-/* 'In_Sinhala': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sinhala[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0d80, 0x0dff,
-}; /* CR_In_Sinhala */
-
-/* 'In_Thai': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Thai[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0e00, 0x0e7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Thai */
-
-/* 'In_Lao': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lao[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0e80, 0x0eff,
-}; /* CR_In_Lao */
-
-/* 'In_Tibetan': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tibetan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x0f00, 0x0fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Tibetan */
-
-/* 'In_Myanmar': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Myanmar[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1000, 0x109f,
-}; /* CR_In_Myanmar */
-
-/* 'In_Georgian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Georgian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10a0, 0x10ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Georgian */
-
-/* 'In_Hangul_Jamo': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Jamo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1100, 0x11ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Jamo */
-
-/* 'In_Ethiopic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1200, 0x137f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic */
-
-/* 'In_Ethiopic_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1380, 0x139f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Cherokee': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cherokee[] = {
-	1,
-	0x13a0, 0x13ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Cherokee */
-
-/* 'In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1400, 0x167f,
-}; /* CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics */
-
-/* 'In_Ogham': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ogham[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1680, 0x169f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ogham */
-
-/* 'In_Runic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Runic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16a0, 0x16ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Runic */
-
-/* 'In_Tagalog': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tagalog[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1700, 0x171f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tagalog */
-
-/* 'In_Hanunoo': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hanunoo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1720, 0x173f,
-}; /* CR_In_Hanunoo */
-
-/* 'In_Buhid': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Buhid[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1740, 0x175f,
-}; /* CR_In_Buhid */
-
-/* 'In_Tagbanwa': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tagbanwa[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1760, 0x177f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tagbanwa */
-
-/* 'In_Khmer': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khmer[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1780, 0x17ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Khmer */
-
-/* 'In_Mongolian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mongolian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1800, 0x18af,
-}; /* CR_In_Mongolian */
-
-/* 'In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x18b0, 0x18ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_Limbu': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Limbu[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1900, 0x194f,
-}; /* CR_In_Limbu */
-
-/* 'In_Tai_Le': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Le[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1950, 0x197f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tai_Le */
-
-/* 'In_New_Tai_Lue': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_New_Tai_Lue[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1980, 0x19df,
-}; /* CR_In_New_Tai_Lue */
-
-/* 'In_Khmer_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khmer_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x19e0, 0x19ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Khmer_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Buginese': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Buginese[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1a00, 0x1a1f,
-}; /* CR_In_Buginese */
-
-/* 'In_Tai_Tham': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Tham[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1a20, 0x1aaf,
-}; /* CR_In_Tai_Tham */
-
-/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1ab0, 0x1aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_Balinese': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Balinese[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1b00, 0x1b7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Balinese */
-
-/* 'In_Sundanese': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sundanese[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1b80, 0x1bbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Sundanese */
-
-/* 'In_Batak': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Batak[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1bc0, 0x1bff,
-}; /* CR_In_Batak */
-
-/* 'In_Lepcha': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lepcha[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1c00, 0x1c4f,
-}; /* CR_In_Lepcha */
-
-/* 'In_Ol_Chiki': Block */
-#define CR_In_Ol_Chiki CR_Ol_Chiki
-
-/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_C': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_C[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1c80, 0x1c8f,
-}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_C */
-
-/* 'In_Georgian_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Georgian_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1c90, 0x1cbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Georgian_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_Sundanese_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sundanese_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1cc0, 0x1ccf,
-}; /* CR_In_Sundanese_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Vedic_Extensions': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vedic_Extensions[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1cd0, 0x1cff,
-}; /* CR_In_Vedic_Extensions */
-
-/* 'In_Phonetic_Extensions': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d00, 0x1d7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions */
-
-/* 'In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d80, 0x1dbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
-}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_Additional': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_Additional[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e00, 0x1eff,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_Additional */
-
-/* 'In_Greek_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Greek_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f00, 0x1fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Greek_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_General_Punctuation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_General_Punctuation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2000, 0x206f,
-}; /* CR_In_General_Punctuation */
-
-/* 'In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2070, 0x209f,
-}; /* CR_In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts */
-
-/* 'In_Currency_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Currency_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x20a0, 0x20cf,
-}; /* CR_In_Currency_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x20d0, 0x20ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Letterlike_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Letterlike_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2100, 0x214f,
-}; /* CR_In_Letterlike_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Number_Forms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Number_Forms[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2150, 0x218f,
-}; /* CR_In_Number_Forms */
-
-/* 'In_Arrows': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arrows[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2190, 0x21ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Arrows */
-
-/* 'In_Mathematical_Operators': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mathematical_Operators[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2200, 0x22ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Mathematical_Operators */
-
-/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Technical': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Technical[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2300, 0x23ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Technical */
-
-/* 'In_Control_Pictures': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Control_Pictures[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2400, 0x243f,
-}; /* CR_In_Control_Pictures */
-
-/* 'In_Optical_Character_Recognition': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Optical_Character_Recognition[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2440, 0x245f,
-}; /* CR_In_Optical_Character_Recognition */
-
-/* 'In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2460, 0x24ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics */
-
-/* 'In_Box_Drawing': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Box_Drawing[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2500, 0x257f,
-}; /* CR_In_Box_Drawing */
-
-/* 'In_Block_Elements': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Block_Elements[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2580, 0x259f,
-}; /* CR_In_Block_Elements */
-
-/* 'In_Geometric_Shapes': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Geometric_Shapes[] = {
-	1,
-	0x25a0, 0x25ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Geometric_Shapes */
-
-/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2600, 0x26ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Dingbats': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Dingbats[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2700, 0x27bf,
-}; /* CR_In_Dingbats */
-
-/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x27c0, 0x27ef,
-}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A */
-
-/* 'In_Supplemental_Arrows_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x27f0, 0x27ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_A */
-
-/* 'In_Braille_Patterns': Block */
-#define CR_In_Braille_Patterns CR_Braille
-
-/* 'In_Supplemental_Arrows_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2900, 0x297f,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_B */
-
-/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2980, 0x29ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B */
-
-/* 'In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2a00, 0x2aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators */
-
-/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2b00, 0x2bff,
-}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows */
-
-/* 'In_Glagolitic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Glagolitic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2c00, 0x2c5f,
-}; /* CR_In_Glagolitic */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_C': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_C[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2c60, 0x2c7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_C */
-
-/* 'In_Coptic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Coptic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2c80, 0x2cff,
-}; /* CR_In_Coptic */
-
-/* 'In_Georgian_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Georgian_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2d00, 0x2d2f,
-}; /* CR_In_Georgian_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Tifinagh': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tifinagh[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2d30, 0x2d7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tifinagh */
-
-/* 'In_Ethiopic_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2d80, 0x2ddf,
-}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
-}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Supplemental_Punctuation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Punctuation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2e00, 0x2e7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Punctuation */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2e80, 0x2eff,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Kangxi_Radicals': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kangxi_Radicals[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2f00, 0x2fdf,
-}; /* CR_In_Kangxi_Radicals */
-
-/* 'In_Ideographic_Description_Characters': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ideographic_Description_Characters[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2ff0, 0x2fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Ideographic_Description_Characters */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3000, 0x303f,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation */
-
-/* 'In_Hiragana': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hiragana[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3040, 0x309f,
-}; /* CR_In_Hiragana */
-
-/* 'In_Katakana': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Katakana[] = {
-	1,
-	0x30a0, 0x30ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Katakana */
-
-/* 'In_Bopomofo': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bopomofo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3100, 0x312f,
-}; /* CR_In_Bopomofo */
-
-/* 'In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3130, 0x318f,
-}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo */
-
-/* 'In_Kanbun': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kanbun[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3190, 0x319f,
-}; /* CR_In_Kanbun */
-
-/* 'In_Bopomofo_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bopomofo_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
-}; /* CR_In_Bopomofo_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Strokes': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Strokes[] = {
-	1,
-	0x31c0, 0x31ef,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Strokes */
-
-/* 'In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions[] = {
-	1,
-	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions */
-
-/* 'In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3200, 0x32ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3300, 0x33ff,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A */
-
-/* 'In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
-}; /* CR_In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs */
-
-/* 'In_Yi_Syllables': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yi_Syllables[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa000, 0xa48f,
-}; /* CR_In_Yi_Syllables */
-
-/* 'In_Yi_Radicals': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yi_Radicals[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa490, 0xa4cf,
-}; /* CR_In_Yi_Radicals */
-
-/* 'In_Lisu': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lisu[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa4d0, 0xa4ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Lisu */
-
-/* 'In_Vai': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vai[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa500, 0xa63f,
-}; /* CR_In_Vai */
-
-/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa640, 0xa69f,
-}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_Bamum': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bamum[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa6a0, 0xa6ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Bamum */
-
-/* 'In_Modifier_Tone_Letters': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Modifier_Tone_Letters[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa700, 0xa71f,
-}; /* CR_In_Modifier_Tone_Letters */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_D': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_D[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa720, 0xa7ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_D */
-
-/* 'In_Syloti_Nagri': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Syloti_Nagri[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa800, 0xa82f,
-}; /* CR_In_Syloti_Nagri */
-
-/* 'In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa830, 0xa83f,
-}; /* CR_In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms */
-
-/* 'In_Phags_pa': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phags_pa[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa840, 0xa87f,
-}; /* CR_In_Phags_pa */
-
-/* 'In_Saurashtra': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Saurashtra[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa880, 0xa8df,
-}; /* CR_In_Saurashtra */
-
-/* 'In_Devanagari_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Devanagari_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa8e0, 0xa8ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Devanagari_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_Kayah_Li': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kayah_Li[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa900, 0xa92f,
-}; /* CR_In_Kayah_Li */
-
-/* 'In_Rejang': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Rejang[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa930, 0xa95f,
-}; /* CR_In_Rejang */
-
-/* 'In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa960, 0xa97f,
-}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Javanese': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Javanese[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa980, 0xa9df,
-}; /* CR_In_Javanese */
-
-/* 'In_Myanmar_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0xa9e0, 0xa9ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_Cham': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cham[] = {
-	1,
-	0xaa00, 0xaa5f,
-}; /* CR_In_Cham */
-
-/* 'In_Myanmar_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0xaa60, 0xaa7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Tai_Viet': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Viet[] = {
-	1,
-	0xaa80, 0xaadf,
-}; /* CR_In_Tai_Viet */
-
-/* 'In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions[] = {
-	1,
-	0xaae0, 0xaaff,
-}; /* CR_In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions */
-
-/* 'In_Ethiopic_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0xab00, 0xab2f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_E': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_E[] = {
-	1,
-	0xab30, 0xab6f,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_E */
-
-/* 'In_Cherokee_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cherokee_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0xab70, 0xabbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Cherokee_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Meetei_Mayek': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Meetei_Mayek[] = {
-	1,
-	0xabc0, 0xabff,
-}; /* CR_In_Meetei_Mayek */
-
-/* 'In_Hangul_Syllables': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Syllables[] = {
-	1,
-	0xac00, 0xd7af,
-}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Syllables */
-
-/* 'In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0xd7b0, 0xd7ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_High_Surrogates': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_High_Surrogates[] = {
-	1,
-	0xd800, 0xdb7f,
-}; /* CR_In_High_Surrogates */
-
-/* 'In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates[] = {
-	1,
-	0xdb80, 0xdbff,
-}; /* CR_In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates */
-
-/* 'In_Low_Surrogates': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Low_Surrogates[] = {
-	1,
-	0xdc00, 0xdfff,
-}; /* CR_In_Low_Surrogates */
-
-/* 'In_Private_Use_Area': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Private_Use_Area[] = {
-	1,
-	0xe000, 0xf8ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Private_Use_Area */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs[] = {
-	1,
-	0xf900, 0xfaff,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs */
-
-/* 'In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfb00, 0xfb4f,
-}; /* CR_In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfb50, 0xfdff,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A */
-
-/* 'In_Variation_Selectors': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Variation_Selectors[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
-}; /* CR_In_Variation_Selectors */
-
-/* 'In_Vertical_Forms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vertical_Forms[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfe10, 0xfe1f,
-}; /* CR_In_Vertical_Forms */
-
-/* 'In_Combining_Half_Marks': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Half_Marks[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
-}; /* CR_In_Combining_Half_Marks */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfe30, 0xfe4f,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms */
-
-/* 'In_Small_Form_Variants': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Small_Form_Variants[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfe50, 0xfe6f,
-}; /* CR_In_Small_Form_Variants */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfe70, 0xfeff,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B */
-
-/* 'In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms[] = {
-	1,
-	0xff00, 0xffef,
-}; /* CR_In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms */
-
-/* 'In_Specials': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Specials[] = {
-	1,
-	0xfff0, 0xffff,
-}; /* CR_In_Specials */
-
-/* 'In_Linear_B_Syllabary': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Linear_B_Syllabary[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10000, 0x1007f,
-}; /* CR_In_Linear_B_Syllabary */
-
-/* 'In_Linear_B_Ideograms': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Linear_B_Ideograms[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10080, 0x100ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Linear_B_Ideograms */
-
-/* 'In_Aegean_Numbers': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Aegean_Numbers[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10100, 0x1013f,
-}; /* CR_In_Aegean_Numbers */
-
-/* 'In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10140, 0x1018f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers */
-
-/* 'In_Ancient_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ancient_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10190, 0x101cf,
-}; /* CR_In_Ancient_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Phaistos_Disc': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phaistos_Disc[] = {
-	1,
-	0x101d0, 0x101ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Phaistos_Disc */
-
-/* 'In_Lycian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lycian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10280, 0x1029f,
-}; /* CR_In_Lycian */
-
-/* 'In_Carian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Carian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x102a0, 0x102df,
-}; /* CR_In_Carian */
-
-/* 'In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers[] = {
-	1,
-	0x102e0, 0x102ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Italic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Italic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10300, 0x1032f,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Italic */
-
-/* 'In_Gothic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gothic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10330, 0x1034f,
-}; /* CR_In_Gothic */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Permic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Permic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10350, 0x1037f,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Permic */
-
-/* 'In_Ugaritic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ugaritic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10380, 0x1039f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ugaritic */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Persian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Persian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x103a0, 0x103df,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Persian */
-
-/* 'In_Deseret': Block */
-#define CR_In_Deseret CR_Deseret
-
-/* 'In_Shavian': Block */
-#define CR_In_Shavian CR_Shavian
-
-/* 'In_Osmanya': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Osmanya[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10480, 0x104af,
-}; /* CR_In_Osmanya */
-
-/* 'In_Osage': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Osage[] = {
-	1,
-	0x104b0, 0x104ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Osage */
-
-/* 'In_Elbasan': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Elbasan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10500, 0x1052f,
-}; /* CR_In_Elbasan */
-
-/* 'In_Caucasian_Albanian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Caucasian_Albanian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10530, 0x1056f,
-}; /* CR_In_Caucasian_Albanian */
-
-/* 'In_Vithkuqi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vithkuqi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10570, 0x105bf,
-}; /* CR_In_Vithkuqi */
-
-/* 'In_Linear_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Linear_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10600, 0x1077f,
-}; /* CR_In_Linear_A */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_F': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_F[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10780, 0x107bf,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_F */
-
-/* 'In_Cypriot_Syllabary': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cypriot_Syllabary[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10800, 0x1083f,
-}; /* CR_In_Cypriot_Syllabary */
-
-/* 'In_Imperial_Aramaic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Imperial_Aramaic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10840, 0x1085f,
-}; /* CR_In_Imperial_Aramaic */
-
-/* 'In_Palmyrene': Block */
-#define CR_In_Palmyrene CR_Palmyrene
-
-/* 'In_Nabataean': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nabataean[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10880, 0x108af,
-}; /* CR_In_Nabataean */
-
-/* 'In_Hatran': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hatran[] = {
-	1,
-	0x108e0, 0x108ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Hatran */
-
-/* 'In_Phoenician': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phoenician[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10900, 0x1091f,
-}; /* CR_In_Phoenician */
-
-/* 'In_Lydian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lydian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10920, 0x1093f,
-}; /* CR_In_Lydian */
-
-/* 'In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs': Block */
-#define CR_In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs
-
-/* 'In_Meroitic_Cursive': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Meroitic_Cursive[] = {
-	1,
-	0x109a0, 0x109ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Meroitic_Cursive */
-
-/* 'In_Kharoshthi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kharoshthi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10a00, 0x10a5f,
-}; /* CR_In_Kharoshthi */
-
-/* 'In_Old_South_Arabian': Block */
-#define CR_In_Old_South_Arabian CR_Old_South_Arabian
-
-/* 'In_Old_North_Arabian': Block */
-#define CR_In_Old_North_Arabian CR_Old_North_Arabian
-
-/* 'In_Manichaean': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Manichaean[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10ac0, 0x10aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Manichaean */
-
-/* 'In_Avestan': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Avestan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10b00, 0x10b3f,
-}; /* CR_In_Avestan */
-
-/* 'In_Inscriptional_Parthian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Inscriptional_Parthian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10b40, 0x10b5f,
-}; /* CR_In_Inscriptional_Parthian */
-
-/* 'In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10b60, 0x10b7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi */
-
-/* 'In_Psalter_Pahlavi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Psalter_Pahlavi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10b80, 0x10baf,
-}; /* CR_In_Psalter_Pahlavi */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Turkic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Turkic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10c00, 0x10c4f,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Turkic */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Hungarian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Hungarian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10c80, 0x10cff,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Hungarian */
-
-/* 'In_Hanifi_Rohingya': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hanifi_Rohingya[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10d00, 0x10d3f,
-}; /* CR_In_Hanifi_Rohingya */
-
-/* 'In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10e60, 0x10e7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Yezidi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yezidi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10e80, 0x10ebf,
-}; /* CR_In_Yezidi */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Sogdian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Sogdian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10f00, 0x10f2f,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Sogdian */
-
-/* 'In_Sogdian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sogdian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10f30, 0x10f6f,
-}; /* CR_In_Sogdian */
-
-/* 'In_Old_Uyghur': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Uyghur[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10f70, 0x10faf,
-}; /* CR_In_Old_Uyghur */
-
-/* 'In_Chorasmian': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Chorasmian[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10fb0, 0x10fdf,
-}; /* CR_In_Chorasmian */
-
-/* 'In_Elymaic': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Elymaic[] = {
-	1,
-	0x10fe0, 0x10fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Elymaic */
-
-/* 'In_Brahmi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Brahmi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11000, 0x1107f,
-}; /* CR_In_Brahmi */
-
-/* 'In_Kaithi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kaithi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11080, 0x110cf,
-}; /* CR_In_Kaithi */
-
-/* 'In_Sora_Sompeng': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sora_Sompeng[] = {
-	1,
-	0x110d0, 0x110ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Sora_Sompeng */
-
-/* 'In_Chakma': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Chakma[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11100, 0x1114f,
-}; /* CR_In_Chakma */
-
-/* 'In_Mahajani': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mahajani[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11150, 0x1117f,
-}; /* CR_In_Mahajani */
-
-/* 'In_Sharada': Block */
-#define CR_In_Sharada CR_Sharada
-
-/* 'In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers[] = {
-	1,
-	0x111e0, 0x111ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers */
-
-/* 'In_Khojki': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khojki[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11200, 0x1124f,
-}; /* CR_In_Khojki */
-
-/* 'In_Multani': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Multani[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11280, 0x112af,
-}; /* CR_In_Multani */
-
-/* 'In_Khudawadi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khudawadi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x112b0, 0x112ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Khudawadi */
-
-/* 'In_Grantha': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Grantha[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11300, 0x1137f,
-}; /* CR_In_Grantha */
-
-/* 'In_Newa': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Newa[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11400, 0x1147f,
-}; /* CR_In_Newa */
-
-/* 'In_Tirhuta': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tirhuta[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11480, 0x114df,
-}; /* CR_In_Tirhuta */
-
-/* 'In_Siddham': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Siddham[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11580, 0x115ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Siddham */
-
-/* 'In_Modi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Modi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11600, 0x1165f,
-}; /* CR_In_Modi */
-
-/* 'In_Mongolian_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mongolian_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11660, 0x1167f,
-}; /* CR_In_Mongolian_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Takri': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Takri[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11680, 0x116cf,
-}; /* CR_In_Takri */
-
-/* 'In_Ahom': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ahom[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11700, 0x1174f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ahom */
-
-/* 'In_Dogra': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Dogra[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11800, 0x1184f,
-}; /* CR_In_Dogra */
-
-/* 'In_Warang_Citi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Warang_Citi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x118a0, 0x118ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Warang_Citi */
-
-/* 'In_Dives_Akuru': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Dives_Akuru[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11900, 0x1195f,
-}; /* CR_In_Dives_Akuru */
-
-/* 'In_Nandinagari': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nandinagari[] = {
-	1,
-	0x119a0, 0x119ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Nandinagari */
-
-/* 'In_Zanabazar_Square': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Zanabazar_Square[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11a00, 0x11a4f,
-}; /* CR_In_Zanabazar_Square */
-
-/* 'In_Soyombo': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Soyombo[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11a50, 0x11aaf,
-}; /* CR_In_Soyombo */
-
-/* 'In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11ab0, 0x11abf,
-}; /* CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Pau_Cin_Hau': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Pau_Cin_Hau[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11ac0, 0x11aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Pau_Cin_Hau */
-
-/* 'In_Bhaiksuki': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bhaiksuki[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11c00, 0x11c6f,
-}; /* CR_In_Bhaiksuki */
-
-/* 'In_Marchen': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Marchen[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11c70, 0x11cbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Marchen */
-
-/* 'In_Masaram_Gondi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Masaram_Gondi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11d00, 0x11d5f,
-}; /* CR_In_Masaram_Gondi */
-
-/* 'In_Gunjala_Gondi': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gunjala_Gondi[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11d60, 0x11daf,
-}; /* CR_In_Gunjala_Gondi */
-
-/* 'In_Makasar': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Makasar[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11ee0, 0x11eff,
-}; /* CR_In_Makasar */
-
-/* 'In_Lisu_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lisu_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11fb0, 0x11fbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Lisu_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Tamil_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tamil_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x11fc0, 0x11fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Tamil_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Cuneiform': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cuneiform[] = {
-	1,
-	0x12000, 0x123ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Cuneiform */
-
-/* 'In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x12400, 0x1247f,
-}; /* CR_In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation */
-
-/* 'In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform[] = {
-	1,
-	0x12480, 0x1254f,
-}; /* CR_In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform */
-
-/* 'In_Cypro_Minoan': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cypro_Minoan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x12f90, 0x12fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Cypro_Minoan */
-
-/* 'In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x13000, 0x1342f,
-}; /* CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs */
-
-/* 'In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls[] = {
-	1,
-	0x13430, 0x1343f,
-}; /* CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls */
-
-/* 'In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x14400, 0x1467f,
-}; /* CR_In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs */
-
-/* 'In_Bamum_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bamum_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16800, 0x16a3f,
-}; /* CR_In_Bamum_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Mro': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mro[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16a40, 0x16a6f,
-}; /* CR_In_Mro */
-
-/* 'In_Tangsa': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangsa[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16a70, 0x16acf,
-}; /* CR_In_Tangsa */
-
-/* 'In_Bassa_Vah': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bassa_Vah[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16ad0, 0x16aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Bassa_Vah */
-
-/* 'In_Pahawh_Hmong': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Pahawh_Hmong[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16b00, 0x16b8f,
-}; /* CR_In_Pahawh_Hmong */
-
-/* 'In_Medefaidrin': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Medefaidrin[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16e40, 0x16e9f,
-}; /* CR_In_Medefaidrin */
-
-/* 'In_Miao': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miao[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16f00, 0x16f9f,
-}; /* CR_In_Miao */
-
-/* 'In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x16fe0, 0x16fff,
-}; /* CR_In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation */
-
-/* 'In_Tangut': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangut[] = {
-	1,
-	0x17000, 0x187ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Tangut */
-
-/* 'In_Tangut_Components': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangut_Components[] = {
-	1,
-	0x18800, 0x18aff,
-}; /* CR_In_Tangut_Components */
-
-/* 'In_Khitan_Small_Script': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khitan_Small_Script[] = {
-	1,
-	0x18b00, 0x18cff,
-}; /* CR_In_Khitan_Small_Script */
-
-/* 'In_Tangut_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangut_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x18d00, 0x18d7f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tangut_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Kana_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kana_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1aff0, 0x1afff,
-}; /* CR_In_Kana_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_Kana_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kana_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1b000, 0x1b0ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Kana_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Kana_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kana_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1b100, 0x1b12f,
-}; /* CR_In_Kana_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Small_Kana_Extension': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Small_Kana_Extension[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1b130, 0x1b16f,
-}; /* CR_In_Small_Kana_Extension */
-
-/* 'In_Nushu': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nushu[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1b170, 0x1b2ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Nushu */
-
-/* 'In_Duployan': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Duployan[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1bc00, 0x1bc9f,
-}; /* CR_In_Duployan */
-
-/* 'In_Shorthand_Format_Controls': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Shorthand_Format_Controls[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1bca0, 0x1bcaf,
-}; /* CR_In_Shorthand_Format_Controls */
-
-/* 'In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1cf00, 0x1cfcf,
-}; /* CR_In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation */
-
-/* 'In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d000, 0x1d0ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Musical_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Musical_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d100, 0x1d1ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Musical_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d200, 0x1d24f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation */
-
-/* 'In_Mayan_Numerals': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mayan_Numerals[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Mayan_Numerals */
-
-/* 'In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d300, 0x1d35f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Counting_Rod_Numerals': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Counting_Rod_Numerals[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d360, 0x1d37f,
-}; /* CR_In_Counting_Rod_Numerals */
-
-/* 'In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d400, 0x1d7ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Sutton_SignWriting': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sutton_SignWriting[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1d800, 0x1daaf,
-}; /* CR_In_Sutton_SignWriting */
-
-/* 'In_Latin_Extended_G': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_G[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1df00, 0x1dfff,
-}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_G */
-
-/* 'In_Glagolitic_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Glagolitic_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e000, 0x1e02f,
-}; /* CR_In_Glagolitic_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e100, 0x1e14f,
-}; /* CR_In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong */
-
-/* 'In_Toto': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Toto[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e290, 0x1e2bf,
-}; /* CR_In_Toto */
-
-/* 'In_Wancho': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Wancho[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Wancho */
-
-/* 'In_Ethiopic_Extended_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_B */
-
-/* 'In_Mende_Kikakui': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mende_Kikakui[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e800, 0x1e8df,
-}; /* CR_In_Mende_Kikakui */
-
-/* 'In_Adlam': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Adlam[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1e900, 0x1e95f,
-}; /* CR_In_Adlam */
-
-/* 'In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1ec70, 0x1ecbf,
-}; /* CR_In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers */
-
-/* 'In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1ed00, 0x1ed4f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers */
-
-/* 'In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1ee00, 0x1eeff,
-}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Mahjong_Tiles': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mahjong_Tiles[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f000, 0x1f02f,
-}; /* CR_In_Mahjong_Tiles */
-
-/* 'In_Domino_Tiles': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Domino_Tiles[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f030, 0x1f09f,
-}; /* CR_In_Domino_Tiles */
-
-/* 'In_Playing_Cards': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Playing_Cards[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Playing_Cards */
-
-/* 'In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f100, 0x1f1ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f200, 0x1f2ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f300, 0x1f5ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs */
-
-/* 'In_Emoticons': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Emoticons[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f600, 0x1f64f,
-}; /* CR_In_Emoticons */
-
-/* 'In_Ornamental_Dingbats': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ornamental_Dingbats[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f650, 0x1f67f,
-}; /* CR_In_Ornamental_Dingbats */
-
-/* 'In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f680, 0x1f6ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Alchemical_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Alchemical_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f700, 0x1f77f,
-}; /* CR_In_Alchemical_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f780, 0x1f7ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended */
-
-/* 'In_Supplemental_Arrows_C': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_C[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f800, 0x1f8ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_C */
-
-/* 'In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1f900, 0x1f9ff,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs */
-
-/* 'In_Chess_Symbols': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Chess_Symbols[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1fa00, 0x1fa6f,
-}; /* CR_In_Chess_Symbols */
-
-/* 'In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1fa70, 0x1faff,
-}; /* CR_In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A */
-
-/* 'In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing[] = {
-	1,
-	0x1fb00, 0x1fbff,
-}; /* CR_In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2a700, 0x2b73f,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2b740, 0x2b81f,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2b820, 0x2ceaf,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebef,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0x2f800, 0x2fa1f,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G[] = {
-	1,
-	0x30000, 0x3134f,
-}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G */
-
-/* 'In_Tags': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tags[] = {
-	1,
-	0xe0000, 0xe007f,
-}; /* CR_In_Tags */
-
-/* 'In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement[] = {
-	1,
-	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
-}; /* CR_In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement */
-
-/* 'In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A[] = {
-	1,
-	0xf0000, 0xfffff,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A */
-
-/* 'In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B[] = {
-	1,
-	0x100000, 0x10ffff,
-}; /* CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B */
-
-/* 'In_No_Block': Block */
-static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_No_Block[] = {
-	51,
-	0x2fe0, 0x2fef,
-	0x10200, 0x1027f,
-	0x103e0, 0x103ff,
-	0x105c0, 0x105ff,
-	0x107c0, 0x107ff,
-	0x108b0, 0x108df,
-	0x10940, 0x1097f,
-	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
-	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
-	0x10c50, 0x10c7f,
-	0x10d40, 0x10e5f,
-	0x10ec0, 0x10eff,
-	0x11250, 0x1127f,
-	0x11380, 0x113ff,
-	0x114e0, 0x1157f,
-	0x116d0, 0x116ff,
-	0x11750, 0x117ff,
-	0x11850, 0x1189f,
-	0x11960, 0x1199f,
-	0x11b00, 0x11bff,
-	0x11cc0, 0x11cff,
-	0x11db0, 0x11edf,
-	0x11f00, 0x11faf,
-	0x12550, 0x12f8f,
-	0x13440, 0x143ff,
-	0x14680, 0x167ff,
-	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
-	0x16ea0, 0x16eff,
-	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
-	0x18d80, 0x1afef,
-	0x1b300, 0x1bbff,
-	0x1bcb0, 0x1ceff,
-	0x1cfd0, 0x1cfff,
-	0x1d250, 0x1d2df,
-	0x1d380, 0x1d3ff,
-	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
-	0x1e030, 0x1e0ff,
-	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
-	0x1e300, 0x1e7df,
-	0x1e8e0, 0x1e8ff,
-	0x1e960, 0x1ec6f,
-	0x1ecc0, 0x1ecff,
-	0x1ed50, 0x1edff,
-	0x1ef00, 0x1efff,
-	0x1fc00, 0x1ffff,
-	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
-	0x2ebf0, 0x2f7ff,
-	0x2fa20, 0x2ffff,
-	0x31350, 0xdffff,
-	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
-	0xe01f0, 0xeffff,
-}; /* CR_In_No_Block */
-
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-static const OnigCodePoint* const CodeRanges[] = {
-  CR_NEWLINE,
-  CR_Alpha,
-  CR_Blank,
-  CR_Cntrl,
-  CR_Digit,
-  CR_Graph,
-  CR_Lower,
-  CR_Print,
-  CR_XPosixPunct,
-  CR_Space,
-  CR_Upper,
-  CR_XDigit,
-  CR_Word,
-  CR_Alnum,
-  CR_ASCII,
-  CR_Punct,
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-  CR_Any,
-  CR_Assigned,
-  CR_C,
-  CR_Cc,
-  CR_Cf,
-  CR_Cn,
-  CR_Co,
-  CR_Cs,
-  CR_L,
-  CR_LC,
-  CR_Ll,
-  CR_Lm,
-  CR_Lo,
-  CR_Lt,
-  CR_Lu,
-  CR_M,
-  CR_Mc,
-  CR_Me,
-  CR_Mn,
-  CR_N,
-  CR_Nd,
-  CR_Nl,
-  CR_No,
-  CR_P,
-  CR_Pc,
-  CR_Pd,
-  CR_Pe,
-  CR_Pf,
-  CR_Pi,
-  CR_Po,
-  CR_Ps,
-  CR_S,
-  CR_Sc,
-  CR_Sk,
-  CR_Sm,
-  CR_So,
-  CR_Z,
-  CR_Zl,
-  CR_Zp,
-  CR_Zs,
-  CR_Math,
-  CR_Alphabetic,
-  CR_Lowercase,
-  CR_Uppercase,
-  CR_Cased,
-  CR_Case_Ignorable,
-  CR_Changes_When_Lowercased,
-  CR_Changes_When_Uppercased,
-  CR_Changes_When_Titlecased,
-  CR_Changes_When_Casefolded,
-  CR_Changes_When_Casemapped,
-  CR_ID_Start,
-  CR_ID_Continue,
-  CR_XID_Start,
-  CR_XID_Continue,
-  CR_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point,
-  CR_Grapheme_Extend,
-  CR_Grapheme_Base,
-  CR_Grapheme_Link,
-  CR_Common,
-  CR_Latin,
-  CR_Greek,
-  CR_Cyrillic,
-  CR_Armenian,
-  CR_Hebrew,
-  CR_Arabic,
-  CR_Syriac,
-  CR_Thaana,
-  CR_Devanagari,
-  CR_Bengali,
-  CR_Gurmukhi,
-  CR_Gujarati,
-  CR_Oriya,
-  CR_Tamil,
-  CR_Telugu,
-  CR_Kannada,
-  CR_Malayalam,
-  CR_Sinhala,
-  CR_Thai,
-  CR_Lao,
-  CR_Tibetan,
-  CR_Myanmar,
-  CR_Georgian,
-  CR_Hangul,
-  CR_Ethiopic,
-  CR_Cherokee,
-  CR_Canadian_Aboriginal,
-  CR_Ogham,
-  CR_Runic,
-  CR_Khmer,
-  CR_Mongolian,
-  CR_Hiragana,
-  CR_Katakana,
-  CR_Bopomofo,
-  CR_Han,
-  CR_Yi,
-  CR_Old_Italic,
-  CR_Gothic,
-  CR_Deseret,
-  CR_Inherited,
-  CR_Tagalog,
-  CR_Hanunoo,
-  CR_Buhid,
-  CR_Tagbanwa,
-  CR_Limbu,
-  CR_Tai_Le,
-  CR_Linear_B,
-  CR_Ugaritic,
-  CR_Shavian,
-  CR_Osmanya,
-  CR_Cypriot,
-  CR_Braille,
-  CR_Buginese,
-  CR_Coptic,
-  CR_New_Tai_Lue,
-  CR_Glagolitic,
-  CR_Tifinagh,
-  CR_Syloti_Nagri,
-  CR_Old_Persian,
-  CR_Kharoshthi,
-  CR_Balinese,
-  CR_Cuneiform,
-  CR_Phoenician,
-  CR_Phags_Pa,
-  CR_Nko,
-  CR_Sundanese,
-  CR_Lepcha,
-  CR_Ol_Chiki,
-  CR_Vai,
-  CR_Saurashtra,
-  CR_Kayah_Li,
-  CR_Rejang,
-  CR_Lycian,
-  CR_Carian,
-  CR_Lydian,
-  CR_Cham,
-  CR_Tai_Tham,
-  CR_Tai_Viet,
-  CR_Avestan,
-  CR_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs,
-  CR_Samaritan,
-  CR_Lisu,
-  CR_Bamum,
-  CR_Javanese,
-  CR_Meetei_Mayek,
-  CR_Imperial_Aramaic,
-  CR_Old_South_Arabian,
-  CR_Inscriptional_Parthian,
-  CR_Inscriptional_Pahlavi,
-  CR_Old_Turkic,
-  CR_Kaithi,
-  CR_Batak,
-  CR_Brahmi,
-  CR_Mandaic,
-  CR_Chakma,
-  CR_Meroitic_Cursive,
-  CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs,
-  CR_Miao,
-  CR_Sharada,
-  CR_Sora_Sompeng,
-  CR_Takri,
-  CR_Caucasian_Albanian,
-  CR_Bassa_Vah,
-  CR_Duployan,
-  CR_Elbasan,
-  CR_Grantha,
-  CR_Pahawh_Hmong,
-  CR_Khojki,
-  CR_Linear_A,
-  CR_Mahajani,
-  CR_Manichaean,
-  CR_Mende_Kikakui,
-  CR_Modi,
-  CR_Mro,
-  CR_Old_North_Arabian,
-  CR_Nabataean,
-  CR_Palmyrene,
-  CR_Pau_Cin_Hau,
-  CR_Old_Permic,
-  CR_Psalter_Pahlavi,
-  CR_Siddham,
-  CR_Khudawadi,
-  CR_Tirhuta,
-  CR_Warang_Citi,
-  CR_Ahom,
-  CR_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs,
-  CR_Hatran,
-  CR_Multani,
-  CR_Old_Hungarian,
-  CR_SignWriting,
-  CR_Adlam,
-  CR_Bhaiksuki,
-  CR_Marchen,
-  CR_Newa,
-  CR_Osage,
-  CR_Tangut,
-  CR_Masaram_Gondi,
-  CR_Nushu,
-  CR_Soyombo,
-  CR_Zanabazar_Square,
-  CR_Dogra,
-  CR_Gunjala_Gondi,
-  CR_Makasar,
-  CR_Medefaidrin,
-  CR_Hanifi_Rohingya,
-  CR_Sogdian,
-  CR_Old_Sogdian,
-  CR_Elymaic,
-  CR_Nandinagari,
-  CR_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong,
-  CR_Wancho,
-  CR_Chorasmian,
-  CR_Dives_Akuru,
-  CR_Khitan_Small_Script,
-  CR_Yezidi,
-  CR_Cypro_Minoan,
-  CR_Old_Uyghur,
-  CR_Tangsa,
-  CR_Toto,
-  CR_Vithkuqi,
-  CR_White_Space,
-  CR_Bidi_Control,
-  CR_Join_Control,
-  CR_Dash,
-  CR_Hyphen,
-  CR_Quotation_Mark,
-  CR_Terminal_Punctuation,
-  CR_Other_Math,
-  CR_Hex_Digit,
-  CR_ASCII_Hex_Digit,
-  CR_Other_Alphabetic,
-  CR_Ideographic,
-  CR_Diacritic,
-  CR_Extender,
-  CR_Other_Lowercase,
-  CR_Other_Uppercase,
-  CR_Noncharacter_Code_Point,
-  CR_Other_Grapheme_Extend,
-  CR_IDS_Binary_Operator,
-  CR_IDS_Trinary_Operator,
-  CR_Radical,
-  CR_Unified_Ideograph,
-  CR_Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point,
-  CR_Deprecated,
-  CR_Soft_Dotted,
-  CR_Logical_Order_Exception,
-  CR_Other_ID_Start,
-  CR_Other_ID_Continue,
-  CR_Sentence_Terminal,
-  CR_Variation_Selector,
-  CR_Pattern_White_Space,
-  CR_Pattern_Syntax,
-  CR_Prepended_Concatenation_Mark,
-  CR_Regional_Indicator,
-  CR_Emoji,
-  CR_Emoji_Presentation,
-  CR_Emoji_Modifier,
-  CR_Emoji_Modifier_Base,
-  CR_Emoji_Component,
-  CR_Extended_Pictographic,
-  CR_Unknown,
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-  CR_Age_1_1,
-  CR_Age_2_0,
-  CR_Age_2_1,
-  CR_Age_3_0,
-  CR_Age_3_1,
-  CR_Age_3_2,
-  CR_Age_4_0,
-  CR_Age_4_1,
-  CR_Age_5_0,
-  CR_Age_5_1,
-  CR_Age_5_2,
-  CR_Age_6_0,
-  CR_Age_6_1,
-  CR_Age_6_2,
-  CR_Age_6_3,
-  CR_Age_7_0,
-  CR_Age_8_0,
-  CR_Age_9_0,
-  CR_Age_10_0,
-  CR_Age_11_0,
-  CR_Age_12_0,
-  CR_Age_12_1,
-  CR_Age_13_0,
-  CR_Age_14_0,
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT,
-  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ,
-  CR_In_Basic_Latin,
-  CR_In_Latin_1_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_IPA_Extensions,
-  CR_In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters,
-  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks,
-  CR_In_Greek_and_Coptic,
-  CR_In_Cyrillic,
-  CR_In_Cyrillic_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Armenian,
-  CR_In_Hebrew,
-  CR_In_Arabic,
-  CR_In_Syriac,
-  CR_In_Arabic_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Thaana,
-  CR_In_NKo,
-  CR_In_Samaritan,
-  CR_In_Mandaic,
-  CR_In_Syriac_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Arabic_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_Arabic_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Devanagari,
-  CR_In_Bengali,
-  CR_In_Gurmukhi,
-  CR_In_Gujarati,
-  CR_In_Oriya,
-  CR_In_Tamil,
-  CR_In_Telugu,
-  CR_In_Kannada,
-  CR_In_Malayalam,
-  CR_In_Sinhala,
-  CR_In_Thai,
-  CR_In_Lao,
-  CR_In_Tibetan,
-  CR_In_Myanmar,
-  CR_In_Georgian,
-  CR_In_Hangul_Jamo,
-  CR_In_Ethiopic,
-  CR_In_Ethiopic_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Cherokee,
-  CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics,
-  CR_In_Ogham,
-  CR_In_Runic,
-  CR_In_Tagalog,
-  CR_In_Hanunoo,
-  CR_In_Buhid,
-  CR_In_Tagbanwa,
-  CR_In_Khmer,
-  CR_In_Mongolian,
-  CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended,
-  CR_In_Limbu,
-  CR_In_Tai_Le,
-  CR_In_New_Tai_Lue,
-  CR_In_Khmer_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Buginese,
-  CR_In_Tai_Tham,
-  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended,
-  CR_In_Balinese,
-  CR_In_Sundanese,
-  CR_In_Batak,
-  CR_In_Lepcha,
-  CR_In_Ol_Chiki,
-  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_C,
-  CR_In_Georgian_Extended,
-  CR_In_Sundanese_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Vedic_Extensions,
-  CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions,
-  CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_Additional,
-  CR_In_Greek_Extended,
-  CR_In_General_Punctuation,
-  CR_In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts,
-  CR_In_Currency_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Letterlike_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Number_Forms,
-  CR_In_Arrows,
-  CR_In_Mathematical_Operators,
-  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Technical,
-  CR_In_Control_Pictures,
-  CR_In_Optical_Character_Recognition,
-  CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics,
-  CR_In_Box_Drawing,
-  CR_In_Block_Elements,
-  CR_In_Geometric_Shapes,
-  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Dingbats,
-  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A,
-  CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_A,
-  CR_In_Braille_Patterns,
-  CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_B,
-  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B,
-  CR_In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators,
-  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows,
-  CR_In_Glagolitic,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_C,
-  CR_In_Coptic,
-  CR_In_Georgian_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Tifinagh,
-  CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended,
-  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Supplemental_Punctuation,
-  CR_In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Kangxi_Radicals,
-  CR_In_Ideographic_Description_Characters,
-  CR_In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation,
-  CR_In_Hiragana,
-  CR_In_Katakana,
-  CR_In_Bopomofo,
-  CR_In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo,
-  CR_In_Kanbun,
-  CR_In_Bopomofo_Extended,
-  CR_In_CJK_Strokes,
-  CR_In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions,
-  CR_In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months,
-  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A,
-  CR_In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs,
-  CR_In_Yi_Syllables,
-  CR_In_Yi_Radicals,
-  CR_In_Lisu,
-  CR_In_Vai,
-  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_Bamum,
-  CR_In_Modifier_Tone_Letters,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_D,
-  CR_In_Syloti_Nagri,
-  CR_In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms,
-  CR_In_Phags_pa,
-  CR_In_Saurashtra,
-  CR_In_Devanagari_Extended,
-  CR_In_Kayah_Li,
-  CR_In_Rejang,
-  CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Javanese,
-  CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_Cham,
-  CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Tai_Viet,
-  CR_In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions,
-  CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_E,
-  CR_In_Cherokee_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Meetei_Mayek,
-  CR_In_Hangul_Syllables,
-  CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_High_Surrogates,
-  CR_In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates,
-  CR_In_Low_Surrogates,
-  CR_In_Private_Use_Area,
-  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs,
-  CR_In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms,
-  CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A,
-  CR_In_Variation_Selectors,
-  CR_In_Vertical_Forms,
-  CR_In_Combining_Half_Marks,
-  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms,
-  CR_In_Small_Form_Variants,
-  CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B,
-  CR_In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms,
-  CR_In_Specials,
-  CR_In_Linear_B_Syllabary,
-  CR_In_Linear_B_Ideograms,
-  CR_In_Aegean_Numbers,
-  CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers,
-  CR_In_Ancient_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Phaistos_Disc,
-  CR_In_Lycian,
-  CR_In_Carian,
-  CR_In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers,
-  CR_In_Old_Italic,
-  CR_In_Gothic,
-  CR_In_Old_Permic,
-  CR_In_Ugaritic,
-  CR_In_Old_Persian,
-  CR_In_Deseret,
-  CR_In_Shavian,
-  CR_In_Osmanya,
-  CR_In_Osage,
-  CR_In_Elbasan,
-  CR_In_Caucasian_Albanian,
-  CR_In_Vithkuqi,
-  CR_In_Linear_A,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_F,
-  CR_In_Cypriot_Syllabary,
-  CR_In_Imperial_Aramaic,
-  CR_In_Palmyrene,
-  CR_In_Nabataean,
-  CR_In_Hatran,
-  CR_In_Phoenician,
-  CR_In_Lydian,
-  CR_In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs,
-  CR_In_Meroitic_Cursive,
-  CR_In_Kharoshthi,
-  CR_In_Old_South_Arabian,
-  CR_In_Old_North_Arabian,
-  CR_In_Manichaean,
-  CR_In_Avestan,
-  CR_In_Inscriptional_Parthian,
-  CR_In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi,
-  CR_In_Psalter_Pahlavi,
-  CR_In_Old_Turkic,
-  CR_In_Old_Hungarian,
-  CR_In_Hanifi_Rohingya,
-  CR_In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Yezidi,
-  CR_In_Old_Sogdian,
-  CR_In_Sogdian,
-  CR_In_Old_Uyghur,
-  CR_In_Chorasmian,
-  CR_In_Elymaic,
-  CR_In_Brahmi,
-  CR_In_Kaithi,
-  CR_In_Sora_Sompeng,
-  CR_In_Chakma,
-  CR_In_Mahajani,
-  CR_In_Sharada,
-  CR_In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers,
-  CR_In_Khojki,
-  CR_In_Multani,
-  CR_In_Khudawadi,
-  CR_In_Grantha,
-  CR_In_Newa,
-  CR_In_Tirhuta,
-  CR_In_Siddham,
-  CR_In_Modi,
-  CR_In_Mongolian_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Takri,
-  CR_In_Ahom,
-  CR_In_Dogra,
-  CR_In_Warang_Citi,
-  CR_In_Dives_Akuru,
-  CR_In_Nandinagari,
-  CR_In_Zanabazar_Square,
-  CR_In_Soyombo,
-  CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Pau_Cin_Hau,
-  CR_In_Bhaiksuki,
-  CR_In_Marchen,
-  CR_In_Masaram_Gondi,
-  CR_In_Gunjala_Gondi,
-  CR_In_Makasar,
-  CR_In_Lisu_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Tamil_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Cuneiform,
-  CR_In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation,
-  CR_In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform,
-  CR_In_Cypro_Minoan,
-  CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs,
-  CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls,
-  CR_In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs,
-  CR_In_Bamum_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Mro,
-  CR_In_Tangsa,
-  CR_In_Bassa_Vah,
-  CR_In_Pahawh_Hmong,
-  CR_In_Medefaidrin,
-  CR_In_Miao,
-  CR_In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation,
-  CR_In_Tangut,
-  CR_In_Tangut_Components,
-  CR_In_Khitan_Small_Script,
-  CR_In_Tangut_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Kana_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_Kana_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Kana_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Small_Kana_Extension,
-  CR_In_Nushu,
-  CR_In_Duployan,
-  CR_In_Shorthand_Format_Controls,
-  CR_In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation,
-  CR_In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Musical_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation,
-  CR_In_Mayan_Numerals,
-  CR_In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Counting_Rod_Numerals,
-  CR_In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Sutton_SignWriting,
-  CR_In_Latin_Extended_G,
-  CR_In_Glagolitic_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong,
-  CR_In_Toto,
-  CR_In_Wancho,
-  CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_B,
-  CR_In_Mende_Kikakui,
-  CR_In_Adlam,
-  CR_In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers,
-  CR_In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers,
-  CR_In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Mahjong_Tiles,
-  CR_In_Domino_Tiles,
-  CR_In_Playing_Cards,
-  CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs,
-  CR_In_Emoticons,
-  CR_In_Ornamental_Dingbats,
-  CR_In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Alchemical_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended,
-  CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_C,
-  CR_In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs,
-  CR_In_Chess_Symbols,
-  CR_In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A,
-  CR_In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F,
-  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement,
-  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G,
-  CR_In_Tags,
-  CR_In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement,
-  CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A,
-  CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B,
-  CR_In_No_Block,
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-};
-struct uniname2ctype_struct {
-  short name;
-  unsigned short ctype;
-};
-#define uniname2ctype_offset(str) offsetof(struct uniname2ctype_pool_t, uniname2ctype_pool_##str)
-
-static const struct uniname2ctype_struct *uniname2ctype_p(
-#if !(1+0) /* if ANSI, old style not to conflict with generated prototype */
-    const char *, unsigned int
-#endif
-);
-
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 15
-#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
-#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
-#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 6
-#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 20
-/* maximum key range = 15, duplicates = 0 */
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 856
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 880
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 1
-#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 45
-#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 11
-#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 6098
-/* maximum key range = 6088, duplicates = 0 */
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-__inline
-#else
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-inline
-#endif
-#endif
-static unsigned int
-uniname2ctype_hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
-{
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    {
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
-      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,  3, 12,  5,
-       4, 21, 21, 10, 21,  1, 21, 21, 11, 21,
-       2,  1,  1, 21,  1,  7,  4,  6, 21,  1,
-       4, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,   12, 6099,    3,    1,
-         4,    8,   36,   24,   14,   16,   10,    7, 6099, 6099,
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
-      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,    1, 1425,  113,
-       437,   37, 1086, 1071, 1051,    4, 1267,    9,  500,   88,
-         8,   18, 1371, 1287,   54,  203,  310,  619, 1958,  603,
-       275, 1624,   44,    1,   22, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    };
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-  return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]];
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-  register unsigned int hval = (unsigned int)len;
-
-  switch (hval)
-    {
-      default:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[15]];
-      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
-      case 15:
-      case 14:
-      case 13:
-      case 12:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[11]];
-      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
-      case 11:
-      case 10:
-      case 9:
-      case 8:
-      case 7:
-      case 6:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[5]];
-      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
-      case 5:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[4]];
-      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
-      case 4:
-      case 3:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]];
-      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
-      case 2:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]];
-      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
-      case 1:
-        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]+2];
-        break;
-    }
-  return hval + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-}
-
-struct uniname2ctype_pool_t
-  {
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str6[sizeof("word")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str7[sizeof("print")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str8[sizeof("punct")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str9[sizeof("alpha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str10[sizeof("alnum")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str11[sizeof("xdigit")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str12[sizeof("upper")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str13[sizeof("ascii")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str14[sizeof("cntrl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str15[sizeof("space")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str16[sizeof("xposixpunct")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str17[sizeof("lower")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str18[sizeof("graph")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str19[sizeof("digit")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str20[sizeof("blank")];
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str11[sizeof("yi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str17[sizeof("yiii")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str22[sizeof("lana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str25[sizeof("lina")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str33[sizeof("maka")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str35[sizeof("mani")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str36[sizeof("mn")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str45[sizeof("miao")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str46[sizeof("lo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str47[sizeof("ci")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str48[sizeof("lao")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str49[sizeof("laoo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str52[sizeof("inkannada")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str55[sizeof("cn")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str64[sizeof("pi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str66[sizeof("innko")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str67[sizeof("z")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str71[sizeof("gran")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str75[sizeof("co")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str83[sizeof("lineara")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str86[sizeof("mark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str90[sizeof("yezi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str92[sizeof("po")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str94[sizeof("me")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str100[sizeof("cari")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str101[sizeof("inkharoshthi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str102[sizeof("kana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str103[sizeof("loe")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str107[sizeof("m")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str108[sizeof("grek")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str111[sizeof("mro")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str112[sizeof("mroo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str115[sizeof("carian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str117[sizeof("geor")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str118[sizeof("greek")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str122[sizeof("gonm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str129[sizeof("mendekikakui")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str130[sizeof("pe")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str131[sizeof("mero")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str134[sizeof("inosmanya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str139[sizeof("cakm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str145[sizeof("inmanichaean")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str146[sizeof("inmro")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str148[sizeof("inmiao")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str149[sizeof("inchakma")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str151[sizeof("c")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str152[sizeof("mandaic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str153[sizeof("meeteimayek")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str158[sizeof("zzzz")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str161[sizeof("inarmenian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str177[sizeof("inmyanmar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str178[sizeof("inmakasar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str183[sizeof("common")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str186[sizeof("lm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str190[sizeof("marc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str203[sizeof("inrunic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str204[sizeof("incarian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str210[sizeof("inideographicsymbolsandpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str212[sizeof("inkhmer")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str213[sizeof("qaai")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str218[sizeof("inahom")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str226[sizeof("merc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str230[sizeof("inchorasmian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str231[sizeof("combiningmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str236[sizeof("lc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str237[sizeof("perm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str246[sizeof("mc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str250[sizeof("connectorpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str253[sizeof("cans")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str260[sizeof("incuneiformnumbersandpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str263[sizeof("armi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str265[sizeof("cc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str267[sizeof("armn")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str268[sizeof("incherokee")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str270[sizeof("prependedconcatenationmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str274[sizeof("incuneiform")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str275[sizeof("inavestan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str281[sizeof("inipaextensions")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str282[sizeof("pc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str283[sizeof("armenian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str285[sizeof("insharada")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str287[sizeof("vai")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str288[sizeof("vaii")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str289[sizeof("inmarchen")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str293[sizeof("makasar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str297[sizeof("masaramgondi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str301[sizeof("inarrows")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str311[sizeof("incyrillic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str313[sizeof("incham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str315[sizeof("qmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str320[sizeof("ri")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str322[sizeof("qaac")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str328[sizeof("insamaritan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str331[sizeof("latn")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str335[sizeof("inmasaramgondi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str338[sizeof("inthaana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str340[sizeof("latin")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str342[sizeof("inthai")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str345[sizeof("lineseparator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str346[sizeof("pcm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str348[sizeof("inkatakana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str352[sizeof("inkaithi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str362[sizeof("inscriptionalparthian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str366[sizeof("initialpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str373[sizeof("mtei")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str381[sizeof("inzanabazarsquare")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str386[sizeof("inkhmersymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str399[sizeof("insyriac")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str401[sizeof("intakri")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str404[sizeof("arabic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str418[sizeof("katakana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str426[sizeof("prti")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str430[sizeof("zs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str442[sizeof("ascii")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str445[sizeof("cs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str462[sizeof("ps")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str468[sizeof("mand")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str470[sizeof("privateuse")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str475[sizeof("inruminumeralsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str480[sizeof("inmyanmarextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str481[sizeof("modi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str486[sizeof("incjkcompatibilityforms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str488[sizeof("inkanaextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str491[sizeof("incjkcompatibilityideographs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str500[sizeof("brai")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str504[sizeof("mend")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str505[sizeof("ideo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str506[sizeof("letter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str509[sizeof("l")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str511[sizeof("inmeeteimayek")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str520[sizeof("inideographicdescriptioncharacters")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str533[sizeof("yezidi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str538[sizeof("knda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str541[sizeof("innandinagari")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str543[sizeof("kannada")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str556[sizeof("inmodi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str558[sizeof("inlao")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str559[sizeof("xidcontinue")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str560[sizeof("inoldnortharabian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str565[sizeof("intransportandmapsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str566[sizeof("letternumber")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str568[sizeof("gothic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str572[sizeof("inlineara")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str577[sizeof("inmendekikakui")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str579[sizeof("mongolian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str582[sizeof("inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str583[sizeof("inspecials")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str590[sizeof("grlink")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str594[sizeof("brahmi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str596[sizeof("inemoticons")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str597[sizeof("kali")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str600[sizeof("inolditalic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str602[sizeof("xidc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str604[sizeof("inmedefaidrin")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str605[sizeof("inchesssymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str608[sizeof("incjkcompatibilityideographssupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str609[sizeof("kits")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str614[sizeof("inadlam")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str624[sizeof("psalterpahlavi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str625[sizeof("incommonindicnumberforms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str630[sizeof("lt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str636[sizeof("innewa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str639[sizeof("sk")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str642[sizeof("control")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str645[sizeof("inancientsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str647[sizeof("palm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str650[sizeof("inlycian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str657[sizeof("so")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str660[sizeof("patternwhitespace")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str672[sizeof("inmandaic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str675[sizeof("idc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str678[sizeof("meroiticcursive")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str679[sizeof("intoto")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str683[sizeof("vs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str692[sizeof("xids")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str695[sizeof("inwarangciti")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str696[sizeof("sora")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str697[sizeof("inopticalcharacterrecognition")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str703[sizeof("inoldsogdian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str705[sizeof("inmalayalam")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str707[sizeof("bamum")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str708[sizeof("inkanasupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str713[sizeof("insundanese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str720[sizeof("grext")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str737[sizeof("print")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str738[sizeof("intaitham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str742[sizeof("lower")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str745[sizeof("patternsyntax")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str753[sizeof("joinc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str755[sizeof("inoldsoutharabian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str760[sizeof("incjkstrokes")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str761[sizeof("batk")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str766[sizeof("samr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str767[sizeof("inwancho")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str771[sizeof("batak")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str776[sizeof("patws")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str783[sizeof("samaritan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str787[sizeof("idsbinaryoperator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str791[sizeof("pauc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str794[sizeof("insmallkanaextension")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str797[sizeof("sm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str799[sizeof("indominotiles")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str802[sizeof("alnum")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str803[sizeof("inznamennymusicalnotation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str809[sizeof("insylotinagri")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str814[sizeof("inugaritic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str818[sizeof("incontrolpictures")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str821[sizeof("inlinearbideograms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str822[sizeof("inmusicalsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str823[sizeof("s")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str824[sizeof("ital")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str825[sizeof("inmodifiertoneletters")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str828[sizeof("inancientgreekmusicalnotation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str838[sizeof("lisu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str842[sizeof("lowercase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str845[sizeof("cwcm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str847[sizeof("sc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str848[sizeof("bass")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str855[sizeof("ids")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str857[sizeof("inlatinextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str875[sizeof("intaile")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str886[sizeof("inmiscellaneoussymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str895[sizeof("inmiscellaneoussymbolsandarrows")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str898[sizeof("incaucasianalbanian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str900[sizeof("inmiscellaneoussymbolsandpictographs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str906[sizeof("inoldturkic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str907[sizeof("insaurashtra")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str920[sizeof("incyrillicextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str924[sizeof("idcontinue")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str925[sizeof("intaixuanjingsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str926[sizeof("intamil")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str928[sizeof("inmultani")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str929[sizeof("inlatinextendede")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str930[sizeof("pd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str946[sizeof("bali")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str961[sizeof("blank")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str963[sizeof("idst")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str974[sizeof("inlydian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str986[sizeof("innewtailue")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str994[sizeof("bengali")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str995[sizeof("runr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1010[sizeof("ll")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1013[sizeof("indeseret")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1015[sizeof("inancientgreeknumbers")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1021[sizeof("idstart")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1024[sizeof("zl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1025[sizeof("inmeeteimayekextensions")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1028[sizeof("balinese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1032[sizeof("incyrillicextendedc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1035[sizeof("inspacingmodifierletters")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1036[sizeof("inearlydynasticcuneiform")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1049[sizeof("plrd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1067[sizeof("canadianaboriginal")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1072[sizeof("sind")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1081[sizeof("inlatinextendedc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1085[sizeof("uideo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1087[sizeof("incountingrodnumerals")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1089[sizeof("zinh")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1095[sizeof("dia")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1096[sizeof("di")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1097[sizeof("inkhudawadi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1102[sizeof("inhanifirohingya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1104[sizeof("diak")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1105[sizeof("gong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1107[sizeof("ingrantha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1109[sizeof("bidic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1114[sizeof("xidstart")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1115[sizeof("xdigit")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1119[sizeof("mong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1120[sizeof("cased")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1134[sizeof("inhiragana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1140[sizeof("sinhala")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1142[sizeof("adlm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1145[sizeof("xsux")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1146[sizeof("glagolitic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1147[sizeof("sterm")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1149[sizeof("bamu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1150[sizeof("georgian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1151[sizeof("inosage")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1152[sizeof("gunjalagondi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1153[sizeof("phoenician")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1156[sizeof("inolduyghur")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1157[sizeof("multani")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1158[sizeof("kaithi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1164[sizeof("joincontrol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1168[sizeof("runic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1170[sizeof("ingeneralpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1171[sizeof("inmahajani")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1174[sizeof("incyrillicsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1175[sizeof("lowercaseletter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1176[sizeof("marchen")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1177[sizeof("graphemelink")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1178[sizeof("ingeorgian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1180[sizeof("khojki")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1181[sizeof("cham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1182[sizeof("inogham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1183[sizeof("cher")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1185[sizeof("chakma")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1190[sizeof("emoji")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1191[sizeof("insiddham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1197[sizeof("cherokee")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1198[sizeof("khar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1203[sizeof("inmongolian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1207[sizeof("incherokeesupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1209[sizeof("manichaean")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1212[sizeof("inolchiki")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1223[sizeof("inkhitansmallscript")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1227[sizeof("quotationmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1229[sizeof("vithkuqi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1230[sizeof("variationselector")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1231[sizeof("adlam")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1232[sizeof("inethiopic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1233[sizeof("graphemebase")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1234[sizeof("age=11.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1235[sizeof("age=12.1")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1236[sizeof("age=10.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1237[sizeof("age=12.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1241[sizeof("age=13.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1242[sizeof("age=1.1")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1243[sizeof("casedletter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1244[sizeof("ingurmukhi")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1245[sizeof("age=2.1")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1246[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensiona")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1247[sizeof("age=2.0")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1248[sizeof("lu")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1249[sizeof("age=3.1")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1250[sizeof("age=9.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1251[sizeof("age=3.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1252[sizeof("age=3.2")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1253[sizeof("age=8.0")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1254[sizeof("intamilsupplement")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1255[sizeof("age=6.1")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1256[sizeof("unknown")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1257[sizeof("age=6.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1258[sizeof("age=6.2")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1259[sizeof("age=7.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1262[sizeof("age=6.3")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1263[sizeof("cwt")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1265[sizeof("age=5.1")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1266[sizeof("unassigned")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1267[sizeof("age=5.0")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1268[sizeof("age=5.2")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1269[sizeof("age=14.0")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1271[sizeof("diacritic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1274[sizeof("ahom")];
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1277[sizeof("age=4.1")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1279[sizeof("age=4.0")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1282[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensione")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1284[sizeof("hani")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1285[sizeof("khmr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1287[sizeof("han")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1289[sizeof("insinhala")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1292[sizeof("inmiscellaneoustechnical")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1297[sizeof("saur")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1298[sizeof("hano")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1300[sizeof("guru")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1301[sizeof("sundanese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1306[sizeof("punct")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1314[sizeof("paucinhau")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1317[sizeof("gurmukhi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1323[sizeof("inkhojki")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1327[sizeof("hanunoo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1328[sizeof("chorasmian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1330[sizeof("hira")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1331[sizeof("logicalorderexception")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1340[sizeof("khmer")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1343[sizeof("limbu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1349[sizeof("chrs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1352[sizeof("oriya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1354[sizeof("inscriptionalpahlavi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1358[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1360[sizeof("cntrl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1365[sizeof("inlatinextendedadditional")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1367[sizeof("insorasompeng")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1369[sizeof("radical")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1373[sizeof("emojimodifier")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1375[sizeof("kharoshthi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1380[sizeof("n")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1384[sizeof("math")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1387[sizeof("goth")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1392[sizeof("phnx")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1400[sizeof("anatolianhieroglyphs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1401[sizeof("inenclosedalphanumerics")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1407[sizeof("nandinagari")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1409[sizeof("no")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1415[sizeof("intangsa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1419[sizeof("nko")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1420[sizeof("nkoo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1422[sizeof("ingreekandcoptic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1426[sizeof("p")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1428[sizeof("grantha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1429[sizeof("decimalnumber")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1438[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1442[sizeof("intirhuta")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1448[sizeof("inhatran")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1449[sizeof("linb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1451[sizeof("mult")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1454[sizeof("saurashtra")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1457[sizeof("kthi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1460[sizeof("zanb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1462[sizeof("inbhaiksuki")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1470[sizeof("innabataean")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1471[sizeof("inphoenician")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1474[sizeof("xpeo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1475[sizeof("inkanbun")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1476[sizeof("inmeroitichieroglyphs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1480[sizeof("ahex")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1489[sizeof("enclosingmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1495[sizeof("sd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1497[sizeof("inelbasan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1499[sizeof("inenclosedideographicsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1501[sizeof("sidd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1507[sizeof("linearb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1508[sizeof("cpmn")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1517[sizeof("inenclosedalphanumericsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1520[sizeof("bidicontrol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1524[sizeof("inphaistosdisc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1529[sizeof("limb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1531[sizeof("inkangxiradicals")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1533[sizeof("lepc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1536[sizeof("braille")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1537[sizeof("regionalindicator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1542[sizeof("inlowsurrogates")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1547[sizeof("brah")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1549[sizeof("inoldhungarian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1557[sizeof("beng")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1563[sizeof("emojimodifierbase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1565[sizeof("inarabic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1570[sizeof("osage")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1572[sizeof("inherited")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1577[sizeof("incyprominoan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1580[sizeof("glag")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1582[sizeof("medf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1583[sizeof("osma")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1587[sizeof("indogra")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1597[sizeof("arab")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1598[sizeof("medefaidrin")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1601[sizeof("hatran")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1607[sizeof("inshorthandformatcontrols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1613[sizeof("phli")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1617[sizeof("inimperialaramaic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1618[sizeof("emod")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1622[sizeof("ingreekextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1623[sizeof("inanatolianhieroglyphs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1629[sizeof("punctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1635[sizeof("graphemeextend")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1636[sizeof("hatr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1643[sizeof("cwl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1644[sizeof("vith")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1654[sizeof("ingeometricshapes")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1655[sizeof("emojicomponent")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1657[sizeof("dsrt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1662[sizeof("coptic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1664[sizeof("inkayahli")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1671[sizeof("inoriya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1675[sizeof("inarabicpresentationformsa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1677[sizeof("inbasiclatin")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1682[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensiond")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1684[sizeof("wara")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1686[sizeof("sinh")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1687[sizeof("sund")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1691[sizeof("shavian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1699[sizeof("insundanesesupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1701[sizeof("inyezidi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1704[sizeof("bhks")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1714[sizeof("bhaiksuki")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1722[sizeof("inhanunoo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1724[sizeof("intangut")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1728[sizeof("sogdian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1729[sizeof("inlatinextendedd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1730[sizeof("sogo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1731[sizeof("insinhalaarchaicnumbers")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1732[sizeof("ideographic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1733[sizeof("ugar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1734[sizeof("deseret")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1735[sizeof("odi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1740[sizeof("copt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1742[sizeof("imperialaramaic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1745[sizeof("insogdian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1746[sizeof("indingbats")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1750[sizeof("format")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1752[sizeof("ininscriptionalpahlavi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1753[sizeof("lyci")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1757[sizeof("ininscriptionalparthian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1766[sizeof("grbase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1768[sizeof("lycian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1769[sizeof("inbatak")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1776[sizeof("cprt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1781[sizeof("inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1788[sizeof("mymr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1793[sizeof("myanmar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1806[sizeof("intibetan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1810[sizeof("intags")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1811[sizeof("asciihexdigit")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1813[sizeof("sentenceterminal")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1821[sizeof("nand")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1828[sizeof("inblockelements")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1838[sizeof("inornamentaldingbats")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1841[sizeof("inethiopicextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1842[sizeof("innumberforms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1843[sizeof("cwcf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1845[sizeof("oidc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1848[sizeof("bopo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1851[sizeof("cuneiform")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1857[sizeof("hex")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1866[sizeof("caseignorable")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1871[sizeof("inoldpersian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1881[sizeof("cwu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1888[sizeof("inelymaic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1889[sizeof("insoyombo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1896[sizeof("ingeometricshapesextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1902[sizeof("incjkcompatibility")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1904[sizeof("inmyanmarextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1905[sizeof("innushu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1912[sizeof("inkanaextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1913[sizeof("olck")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1916[sizeof("inbyzantinemusicalsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1924[sizeof("olchiki")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1929[sizeof("inkatakanaphoneticextensions")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1932[sizeof("incoptic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1935[sizeof("oids")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1936[sizeof("inarabicextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1941[sizeof("modifierletter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1948[sizeof("gujr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1950[sizeof("incjksymbolsandpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1956[sizeof("olower")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1957[sizeof("gujarati")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1958[sizeof("bopomofo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1964[sizeof("inlisu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1967[sizeof("inoldpermic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1968[sizeof("innoblock")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1969[sizeof("ext")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1974[sizeof("inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabics")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1981[sizeof("takri")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1985[sizeof("inbraillepatterns")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1988[sizeof("invai")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1991[sizeof("alpha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1993[sizeof("inbalinese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1994[sizeof("sorasompeng")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1996[sizeof("closepunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2002[sizeof("inmayannumerals")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2006[sizeof("inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2010[sizeof("inlepcha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2011[sizeof("patsyn")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2012[sizeof("inlisusupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2014[sizeof("insyriacsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2016[sizeof("newa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2023[sizeof("spacingmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2024[sizeof("inpalmyrene")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2026[sizeof("takr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2033[sizeof("xposixpunct")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2042[sizeof("taile")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2043[sizeof("assigned")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2062[sizeof("newtailue")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2070[sizeof("space")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2073[sizeof("intelugu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2077[sizeof("lydi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2078[sizeof("idsb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2090[sizeof("extpict")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2092[sizeof("lydian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2095[sizeof("inethiopicsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2103[sizeof("sarb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2110[sizeof("ugaritic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2114[sizeof("inyiradicals")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2115[sizeof("inphoneticextensions")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2117[sizeof("sharada")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2128[sizeof("zanabazarsquare")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2135[sizeof("bugi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2137[sizeof("word")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2141[sizeof("term")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2145[sizeof("separator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2146[sizeof("ingeorgiansupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2149[sizeof("sogd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2163[sizeof("extender")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2165[sizeof("shrd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2166[sizeof("graph")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2174[sizeof("tnsa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2178[sizeof("tangsa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2181[sizeof("phag")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2182[sizeof("dogra")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2195[sizeof("inhanguljamo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2196[sizeof("inshavian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2207[sizeof("siddham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2211[sizeof("cf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2216[sizeof("inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2217[sizeof("buginese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2218[sizeof("inmongoliansupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2219[sizeof("cyrl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2224[sizeof("inhanguljamoextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2228[sizeof("pf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2229[sizeof("number")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2232[sizeof("inphoneticextensionssupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2233[sizeof("dogr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2234[sizeof("mlym")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2235[sizeof("incopticepactnumbers")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2241[sizeof("malayalam")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2244[sizeof("inbamum")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2247[sizeof("nd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2248[sizeof("insuttonsignwriting")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2276[sizeof("inethiopicextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2278[sizeof("shaw")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2279[sizeof("palmyrene")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2283[sizeof("soyo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2305[sizeof("sgnw")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2308[sizeof("toto")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2312[sizeof("caucasianalbanian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2315[sizeof("inmathematicalalphanumericsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2316[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensiong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2321[sizeof("taiviet")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2323[sizeof("meroitichieroglyphs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2327[sizeof("ingeorgianextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2331[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2333[sizeof("oldpersian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2341[sizeof("mahj")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2343[sizeof("induployan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2344[sizeof("incyrillicextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2345[sizeof("dash")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2350[sizeof("mahajani")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2351[sizeof("hang")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2361[sizeof("innyiakengpuachuehmong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2364[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarks")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2370[sizeof("ingujarati")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2373[sizeof("nl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2374[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarksforsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2375[sizeof("khudawadi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2389[sizeof("ingunjalagondi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2397[sizeof("incjkradicalssupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2398[sizeof("inglagolitic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2405[sizeof("orkh")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2406[sizeof("hiragana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2414[sizeof("syrc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2418[sizeof("inrejang")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2427[sizeof("surrogate")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2428[sizeof("khoj")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2433[sizeof("indevanagari")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2434[sizeof("avestan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2437[sizeof("oldpermic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2438[sizeof("hmng")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2440[sizeof("ethi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2451[sizeof("ogam")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2454[sizeof("rohg")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2460[sizeof("idstrinaryoperator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2464[sizeof("java")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2470[sizeof("inphagspa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2475[sizeof("lepcha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2476[sizeof("inenclosedcjklettersandmonths")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2478[sizeof("intifinagh")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2479[sizeof("intagalog")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2481[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarkssupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2500[sizeof("tale")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2506[sizeof("inbrahmi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2511[sizeof("terminalpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2513[sizeof("insymbolsandpictographsextendeda")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2530[sizeof("syriac")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2534[sizeof("inbengali")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2545[sizeof("extendedpictographic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2548[sizeof("buhd")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2549[sizeof("javanese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2551[sizeof("taml")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2564[sizeof("inbuginese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2567[sizeof("inlatin1supplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2570[sizeof("ingothic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2572[sizeof("invariationselectors")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2575[sizeof("inverticalforms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2576[sizeof("ebase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2582[sizeof("incurrencysymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2588[sizeof("avst")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2602[sizeof("osge")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2606[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarksextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2608[sizeof("intaiviet")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2609[sizeof("spaceseparator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2625[sizeof("softdotted")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2648[sizeof("nchar")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2652[sizeof("invedicextensions")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2656[sizeof("inlimbu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2657[sizeof("olditalic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2660[sizeof("rjng")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2666[sizeof("mathsymbol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2670[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2688[sizeof("phagspa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2689[sizeof("invariationselectorssupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2694[sizeof("currencysymbol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2705[sizeof("inlinearbsyllabary")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2726[sizeof("wancho")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2738[sizeof("hmnp")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2750[sizeof("inpaucinhau")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2761[sizeof("other")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2762[sizeof("otheridcontinue")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2765[sizeof("sylo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2766[sizeof("zp")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2769[sizeof("inaegeannumbers")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2772[sizeof("warangciti")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2775[sizeof("othernumber")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2786[sizeof("digit")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2787[sizeof("hebr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2793[sizeof("nonspacingmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2801[sizeof("titlecaseletter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2808[sizeof("inmeroiticcursive")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2810[sizeof("wcho")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2816[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=spacingmark")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2821[sizeof("inletterlikesymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2830[sizeof("inottomansiyaqnumbers")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2834[sizeof("intagbanwa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2836[sizeof("cyrillic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2847[sizeof("oalpha")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2852[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=cr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2855[sizeof("narb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2856[sizeof("changeswhencasemapped")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2859[sizeof("inbopomofo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2867[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=regionalindicator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2868[sizeof("otheralphabetic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2871[sizeof("noncharactercodepoint")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2879[sizeof("oldhungarian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2886[sizeof("insymbolsforlegacycomputing")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2901[sizeof("hangul")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2902[sizeof("insmallformvariants")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2904[sizeof("inhangulsyllables")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2905[sizeof("emojipresentation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2907[sizeof("epres")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2909[sizeof("inbassavah")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2911[sizeof("indevanagariextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2941[sizeof("inbuhid")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2953[sizeof("tirhuta")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2964[sizeof("inpsalterpahlavi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2966[sizeof("whitespace")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2967[sizeof("finalpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2969[sizeof("hung")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2970[sizeof("orya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2972[sizeof("hexdigit")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2980[sizeof("phlp")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2984[sizeof("inbamumsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2986[sizeof("buhid")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2987[sizeof("paragraphseparator")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2988[sizeof("inalphabeticpresentationforms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2993[sizeof("hluw")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2997[sizeof("inlatinextendedg")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3001[sizeof("elba")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3002[sizeof("changeswhentitlecased")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3005[sizeof("incombininghalfmarks")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3006[sizeof("intangutcomponents")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3015[sizeof("thaa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3018[sizeof("thai")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3019[sizeof("oldturkic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3026[sizeof("thaana")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3027[sizeof("inlatinextendedf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3035[sizeof("ougr")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3042[sizeof("tang")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3045[sizeof("inarabicmathematicalalphabeticsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3048[sizeof("tagbanwa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3052[sizeof("tamil")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3053[sizeof("khitansmallscript")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3071[sizeof("tirh")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3072[sizeof("sylotinagri")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3082[sizeof("talu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3086[sizeof("deva")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3091[sizeof("deprecated")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3099[sizeof("inarabicpresentationformsb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3104[sizeof("devanagari")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3107[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=t")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3109[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=lvt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3110[sizeof("taitham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3111[sizeof("nbat")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3118[sizeof("telu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3125[sizeof("nabataean")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3140[sizeof("inmahjongtiles")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3142[sizeof("intangutsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3157[sizeof("cyprominoan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3158[sizeof("inhebrew")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3176[sizeof("inmathematicaloperators")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3180[sizeof("inarabicsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3209[sizeof("changeswhenlowercased")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3212[sizeof("tangut")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3215[sizeof("elbasan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3218[sizeof("osmanya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3227[sizeof("inyijinghexagramsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3237[sizeof("insuperscriptsandsubscripts")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3239[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=extend")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3240[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=prepend")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3248[sizeof("nshu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3254[sizeof("otherlowercase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3265[sizeof("inethiopicextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3267[sizeof("otherletter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3275[sizeof("kayahli")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3284[sizeof("inplayingcards")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3287[sizeof("elym")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3290[sizeof("injavanese")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3297[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=l")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3303[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=control")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3313[sizeof("ogrext")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3320[sizeof("elymaic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3328[sizeof("changeswhenuppercased")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3329[sizeof("inalchemicalsymbols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3331[sizeof("oldsogdian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3338[sizeof("otheridstart")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3348[sizeof("insupplementalarrowsa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3350[sizeof("invithkuqi")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3355[sizeof("symbol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3360[sizeof("inarabicextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3371[sizeof("cypriot")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3372[sizeof("any")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3373[sizeof("otheruppercase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3391[sizeof("wspace")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3396[sizeof("inindicsiyaqnumbers")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3405[sizeof("inprivateusearea")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3416[sizeof("othersymbol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3428[sizeof("oupper")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3433[sizeof("signwriting")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3436[sizeof("nushu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3452[sizeof("hanifirohingya")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3458[sizeof("upper")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3460[sizeof("insupplementalarrowsc")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3483[sizeof("omath")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3502[sizeof("modifiersymbol")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3505[sizeof("inhalfwidthandfullwidthforms")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3511[sizeof("insupplementalmathematicaloperators")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3532[sizeof("inpahawhhmong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3533[sizeof("alphabetic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3558[sizeof("uppercase")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3580[sizeof("dupl")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3590[sizeof("ogham")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3613[sizeof("dashpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3648[sizeof("inhanguljamoextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3659[sizeof("bassavah")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3664[sizeof("aghb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3698[sizeof("incypriotsyllabary")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3699[sizeof("indivesakuru")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3701[sizeof("tibt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3705[sizeof("inlatinextendedb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3713[sizeof("tibetan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3721[sizeof("inyisyllables")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3744[sizeof("oldnortharabian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3754[sizeof("defaultignorablecodepoint")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3766[sizeof("inhighprivateusesurrogates")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3770[sizeof("rejang")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3799[sizeof("soyombo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3807[sizeof("otherdefaultignorablecodepoint")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3842[sizeof("pahawhhmong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3845[sizeof("unifiedideograph")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3850[sizeof("othermath")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3854[sizeof("changeswhencasefolded")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3868[sizeof("dep")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3881[sizeof("divesakuru")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3884[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=lf")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3891[sizeof("uppercaseletter")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3924[sizeof("insupplementalpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3942[sizeof("ethiopic")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3949[sizeof("ecomp")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3976[sizeof("inglagoliticsupplement")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3978[sizeof("hebrew")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3998[sizeof("inbopomofoextended")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4066[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=zwj")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4106[sizeof("otherpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4116[sizeof("tifinagh")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4127[sizeof("tfng")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4231[sizeof("tavt")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4308[sizeof("inboxdrawing")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4309[sizeof("oldsoutharabian")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4321[sizeof("hyphen")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4348[sizeof("inegyptianhieroglyphs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4361[sizeof("inegyptianhieroglyphformatcontrols")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4459[sizeof("tagb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4604[sizeof("tglg")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4626[sizeof("tagalog")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4627[sizeof("othergraphemeextend")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4674[sizeof("insupplementaryprivateuseareaa")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4683[sizeof("inhighsurrogates")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4734[sizeof("duployan")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4755[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=v")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4756[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=lv")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4772[sizeof("insupplementalarrowsb")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4810[sizeof("telugu")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4898[sizeof("zyyy")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4982[sizeof("olduyghur")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4986[sizeof("inhangulcompatibilityjamo")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5018[sizeof("openpunctuation")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5134[sizeof("insupplementalsymbolsandpictographs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5141[sizeof("egyp")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5300[sizeof("nyiakengpuachuehmong")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5980[sizeof("egyptianhieroglyphs")];
-    char uniname2ctype_pool_str6098[sizeof("insupplementaryprivateuseareab")];
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-  };
-static const struct uniname2ctype_pool_t uniname2ctype_pool_contents =
-  {
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "word",
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "yi",
-    "yiii",
-    "lana",
-    "lina",
-    "maka",
-    "mani",
-    "mn",
-    "miao",
-    "lo",
-    "ci",
-    "lao",
-    "laoo",
-    "inkannada",
-    "cn",
-    "pi",
-    "innko",
-    "z",
-    "gran",
-    "co",
-    "lineara",
-    "mark",
-    "yezi",
-    "po",
-    "me",
-    "cari",
-    "inkharoshthi",
-    "kana",
-    "loe",
-    "m",
-    "grek",
-    "mro",
-    "mroo",
-    "carian",
-    "geor",
-    "greek",
-    "gonm",
-    "mendekikakui",
-    "pe",
-    "mero",
-    "inosmanya",
-    "cakm",
-    "inmanichaean",
-    "inmro",
-    "inmiao",
-    "inchakma",
-    "c",
-    "mandaic",
-    "meeteimayek",
-    "zzzz",
-    "inarmenian",
-    "inmyanmar",
-    "inmakasar",
-    "common",
-    "lm",
-    "marc",
-    "inrunic",
-    "incarian",
-    "inideographicsymbolsandpunctuation",
-    "inkhmer",
-    "qaai",
-    "inahom",
-    "merc",
-    "inchorasmian",
-    "combiningmark",
-    "lc",
-    "perm",
-    "mc",
-    "connectorpunctuation",
-    "cans",
-    "incuneiformnumbersandpunctuation",
-    "armi",
-    "cc",
-    "armn",
-    "incherokee",
-    "prependedconcatenationmark",
-    "incuneiform",
-    "inavestan",
-    "inipaextensions",
-    "pc",
-    "armenian",
-    "insharada",
-    "vai",
-    "vaii",
-    "inmarchen",
-    "makasar",
-    "masaramgondi",
-    "inarrows",
-    "incyrillic",
-    "incham",
-    "qmark",
-    "ri",
-    "qaac",
-    "insamaritan",
-    "latn",
-    "inmasaramgondi",
-    "inthaana",
-    "latin",
-    "inthai",
-    "lineseparator",
-    "pcm",
-    "inkatakana",
-    "inkaithi",
-    "inscriptionalparthian",
-    "initialpunctuation",
-    "mtei",
-    "inzanabazarsquare",
-    "inkhmersymbols",
-    "insyriac",
-    "intakri",
-    "arabic",
-    "katakana",
-    "prti",
-    "zs",
-    "ascii",
-    "cs",
-    "ps",
-    "mand",
-    "privateuse",
-    "inruminumeralsymbols",
-    "inmyanmarextendeda",
-    "modi",
-    "incjkcompatibilityforms",
-    "inkanaextendeda",
-    "incjkcompatibilityideographs",
-    "brai",
-    "mend",
-    "ideo",
-    "letter",
-    "l",
-    "inmeeteimayek",
-    "inideographicdescriptioncharacters",
-    "yezidi",
-    "knda",
-    "innandinagari",
-    "kannada",
-    "inmodi",
-    "inlao",
-    "xidcontinue",
-    "inoldnortharabian",
-    "intransportandmapsymbols",
-    "letternumber",
-    "gothic",
-    "inlineara",
-    "inmendekikakui",
-    "mongolian",
-    "inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsa",
-    "inspecials",
-    "grlink",
-    "brahmi",
-    "inemoticons",
-    "kali",
-    "inolditalic",
-    "xidc",
-    "inmedefaidrin",
-    "inchesssymbols",
-    "incjkcompatibilityideographssupplement",
-    "kits",
-    "inadlam",
-    "psalterpahlavi",
-    "incommonindicnumberforms",
-    "lt",
-    "innewa",
-    "sk",
-    "control",
-    "inancientsymbols",
-    "palm",
-    "inlycian",
-    "so",
-    "patternwhitespace",
-    "inmandaic",
-    "idc",
-    "meroiticcursive",
-    "intoto",
-    "vs",
-    "xids",
-    "inwarangciti",
-    "sora",
-    "inopticalcharacterrecognition",
-    "inoldsogdian",
-    "inmalayalam",
-    "bamum",
-    "inkanasupplement",
-    "insundanese",
-    "grext",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "print",
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "punct",
-    "alpha",
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "intaitham",
-    "lower",
-    "patternsyntax",
-    "joinc",
-    "inoldsoutharabian",
-    "incjkstrokes",
-    "batk",
-    "samr",
-    "inwancho",
-    "batak",
-    "patws",
-    "samaritan",
-    "idsbinaryoperator",
-    "pauc",
-    "insmallkanaextension",
-    "sm",
-    "indominotiles",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "alnum",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "inznamennymusicalnotation",
-    "insylotinagri",
-    "inugaritic",
-    "incontrolpictures",
-    "inlinearbideograms",
-    "inmusicalsymbols",
-    "s",
-    "ital",
-    "inmodifiertoneletters",
-    "inancientgreekmusicalnotation",
-    "lisu",
-    "lowercase",
-    "cwcm",
-    "sc",
-    "bass",
-    "ids",
-    "inlatinextendeda",
-    "intaile",
-    "inmiscellaneoussymbols",
-    "inmiscellaneoussymbolsandarrows",
-    "incaucasianalbanian",
-    "inmiscellaneoussymbolsandpictographs",
-    "inoldturkic",
-    "insaurashtra",
-    "incyrillicextendeda",
-    "idcontinue",
-    "intaixuanjingsymbols",
-    "intamil",
-    "inmultani",
-    "inlatinextendede",
-    "pd",
-    "bali",
-    "blank",
-    "idst",
-    "inlydian",
-    "innewtailue",
-    "bengali",
-    "runr",
-    "ll",
-    "indeseret",
-    "inancientgreeknumbers",
-    "idstart",
-    "zl",
-    "inmeeteimayekextensions",
-    "balinese",
-    "incyrillicextendedc",
-    "inspacingmodifierletters",
-    "inearlydynasticcuneiform",
-    "plrd",
-    "canadianaboriginal",
-    "sind",
-    "inlatinextendedc",
-    "uideo",
-    "incountingrodnumerals",
-    "zinh",
-    "dia",
-    "di",
-    "inkhudawadi",
-    "inhanifirohingya",
-    "diak",
-    "gong",
-    "ingrantha",
-    "bidic",
-    "xidstart",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "xdigit",
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "upper",
-    "ascii",
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "mong",
-    "cased",
-    "inhiragana",
-    "sinhala",
-    "adlm",
-    "xsux",
-    "glagolitic",
-    "sterm",
-    "bamu",
-    "georgian",
-    "inosage",
-    "gunjalagondi",
-    "phoenician",
-    "inolduyghur",
-    "multani",
-    "kaithi",
-    "joincontrol",
-    "runic",
-    "ingeneralpunctuation",
-    "inmahajani",
-    "incyrillicsupplement",
-    "lowercaseletter",
-    "marchen",
-    "graphemelink",
-    "ingeorgian",
-    "khojki",
-    "cham",
-    "inogham",
-    "cher",
-    "chakma",
-    "emoji",
-    "insiddham",
-    "cherokee",
-    "khar",
-    "inmongolian",
-    "incherokeesupplement",
-    "manichaean",
-    "inolchiki",
-    "inkhitansmallscript",
-    "quotationmark",
-    "vithkuqi",
-    "variationselector",
-    "adlam",
-    "inethiopic",
-    "graphemebase",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=11.0",
-    "age=12.1",
-    "age=10.0",
-    "age=12.0",
-    "age=13.0",
-    "age=1.1",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "casedletter",
-    "ingurmukhi",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=2.1",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensiona",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=2.0",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "lu",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=3.1",
-    "age=9.0",
-    "age=3.0",
-    "age=3.2",
-    "age=8.0",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "intamilsupplement",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=6.1",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "unknown",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=6.0",
-    "age=6.2",
-    "age=7.0",
-    "age=6.3",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "cwt",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=5.1",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "unassigned",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=5.0",
-    "age=5.2",
-    "age=14.0",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "diacritic",
-    "ahom",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-    "age=4.1",
-    "age=4.0",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensione",
-    "hani",
-    "khmr",
-    "han",
-    "insinhala",
-    "inmiscellaneoustechnical",
-    "saur",
-    "hano",
-    "guru",
-    "sundanese",
-    "punct",
-    "paucinhau",
-    "gurmukhi",
-    "inkhojki",
-    "hanunoo",
-    "chorasmian",
-    "hira",
-    "logicalorderexception",
-    "khmer",
-    "limbu",
-    "chrs",
-    "oriya",
-    "inscriptionalpahlavi",
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionc",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "cntrl",
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "space",
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "inlatinextendedadditional",
-    "insorasompeng",
-    "radical",
-    "emojimodifier",
-    "kharoshthi",
-    "n",
-    "math",
-    "goth",
-    "phnx",
-    "anatolianhieroglyphs",
-    "inenclosedalphanumerics",
-    "nandinagari",
-    "no",
-    "intangsa",
-    "nko",
-    "nkoo",
-    "ingreekandcoptic",
-    "p",
-    "grantha",
-    "decimalnumber",
-    "incjkunifiedideographs",
-    "intirhuta",
-    "inhatran",
-    "linb",
-    "mult",
-    "saurashtra",
-    "kthi",
-    "zanb",
-    "inbhaiksuki",
-    "innabataean",
-    "inphoenician",
-    "xpeo",
-    "inkanbun",
-    "inmeroitichieroglyphs",
-    "ahex",
-    "enclosingmark",
-    "sd",
-    "inelbasan",
-    "inenclosedideographicsupplement",
-    "sidd",
-    "linearb",
-    "cpmn",
-    "inenclosedalphanumericsupplement",
-    "bidicontrol",
-    "inphaistosdisc",
-    "limb",
-    "inkangxiradicals",
-    "lepc",
-    "braille",
-    "regionalindicator",
-    "inlowsurrogates",
-    "brah",
-    "inoldhungarian",
-    "beng",
-    "emojimodifierbase",
-    "inarabic",
-    "osage",
-    "inherited",
-    "incyprominoan",
-    "glag",
-    "medf",
-    "osma",
-    "indogra",
-    "arab",
-    "medefaidrin",
-    "hatran",
-    "inshorthandformatcontrols",
-    "phli",
-    "inimperialaramaic",
-    "emod",
-    "ingreekextended",
-    "inanatolianhieroglyphs",
-    "punctuation",
-    "graphemeextend",
-    "hatr",
-    "cwl",
-    "vith",
-    "ingeometricshapes",
-    "emojicomponent",
-    "dsrt",
-    "coptic",
-    "inkayahli",
-    "inoriya",
-    "inarabicpresentationformsa",
-    "inbasiclatin",
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensiond",
-    "wara",
-    "sinh",
-    "sund",
-    "shavian",
-    "insundanesesupplement",
-    "inyezidi",
-    "bhks",
-    "bhaiksuki",
-    "inhanunoo",
-    "intangut",
-    "sogdian",
-    "inlatinextendedd",
-    "sogo",
-    "insinhalaarchaicnumbers",
-    "ideographic",
-    "ugar",
-    "deseret",
-    "odi",
-    "copt",
-    "imperialaramaic",
-    "insogdian",
-    "indingbats",
-    "format",
-    "ininscriptionalpahlavi",
-    "lyci",
-    "ininscriptionalparthian",
-    "grbase",
-    "lycian",
-    "inbatak",
-    "cprt",
-    "inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextendeda",
-    "mymr",
-    "myanmar",
-    "intibetan",
-    "intags",
-    "asciihexdigit",
-    "sentenceterminal",
-    "nand",
-    "inblockelements",
-    "inornamentaldingbats",
-    "inethiopicextendeda",
-    "innumberforms",
-    "cwcf",
-    "oidc",
-    "bopo",
-    "cuneiform",
-    "hex",
-    "caseignorable",
-    "inoldpersian",
-    "cwu",
-    "inelymaic",
-    "insoyombo",
-    "ingeometricshapesextended",
-    "incjkcompatibility",
-    "inmyanmarextendedb",
-    "innushu",
-    "inkanaextendedb",
-    "olck",
-    "inbyzantinemusicalsymbols",
-    "olchiki",
-    "inkatakanaphoneticextensions",
-    "incoptic",
-    "oids",
-    "inarabicextendeda",
-    "modifierletter",
-    "gujr",
-    "incjksymbolsandpunctuation",
-    "olower",
-    "gujarati",
-    "bopomofo",
-    "inlisu",
-    "inoldpermic",
-    "innoblock",
-    "ext",
-    "inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabics",
-    "takri",
-    "inbraillepatterns",
-    "invai",
-    "alpha",
-    "inbalinese",
-    "sorasompeng",
-    "closepunctuation",
-    "inmayannumerals",
-    "inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsb",
-    "inlepcha",
-    "patsyn",
-    "inlisusupplement",
-    "insyriacsupplement",
-    "newa",
-    "spacingmark",
-    "inpalmyrene",
-    "takr",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "xposixpunct",
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "lower",
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "taile",
-    "assigned",
-    "newtailue",
-    "space",
-    "intelugu",
-    "lydi",
-    "idsb",
-    "extpict",
-    "lydian",
-    "inethiopicsupplement",
-    "sarb",
-    "ugaritic",
-    "inyiradicals",
-    "inphoneticextensions",
-    "sharada",
-    "zanabazarsquare",
-    "bugi",
-    "word",
-    "term",
-    "separator",
-    "ingeorgiansupplement",
-    "sogd",
-    "extender",
-    "shrd",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "graph",
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "tnsa",
-    "tangsa",
-    "phag",
-    "dogra",
-    "inhanguljamo",
-    "inshavian",
-    "siddham",
-    "cf",
-    "inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextended",
-    "buginese",
-    "inmongoliansupplement",
-    "cyrl",
-    "inhanguljamoextendeda",
-    "pf",
-    "number",
-    "inphoneticextensionssupplement",
-    "dogr",
-    "mlym",
-    "incopticepactnumbers",
-    "malayalam",
-    "inbamum",
-    "nd",
-    "insuttonsignwriting",
-    "inethiopicextended",
-    "shaw",
-    "palmyrene",
-    "soyo",
-    "sgnw",
-    "toto",
-    "caucasianalbanian",
-    "inmathematicalalphanumericsymbols",
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensiong",
-    "taiviet",
-    "meroitichieroglyphs",
-    "ingeorgianextended",
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionf",
-    "oldpersian",
-    "mahj",
-    "induployan",
-    "incyrillicextendedb",
-    "dash",
-    "mahajani",
-    "hang",
-    "innyiakengpuachuehmong",
-    "incombiningdiacriticalmarks",
-    "ingujarati",
-    "nl",
-    "incombiningdiacriticalmarksforsymbols",
-    "khudawadi",
-    "ingunjalagondi",
-    "incjkradicalssupplement",
-    "inglagolitic",
-    "orkh",
-    "hiragana",
-    "syrc",
-    "inrejang",
-    "surrogate",
-    "khoj",
-    "indevanagari",
-    "avestan",
-    "oldpermic",
-    "hmng",
-    "ethi",
-    "ogam",
-    "rohg",
-    "idstrinaryoperator",
-    "java",
-    "inphagspa",
-    "lepcha",
-    "inenclosedcjklettersandmonths",
-    "intifinagh",
-    "intagalog",
-    "incombiningdiacriticalmarkssupplement",
-    "tale",
-    "inbrahmi",
-    "terminalpunctuation",
-    "insymbolsandpictographsextendeda",
-    "syriac",
-    "inbengali",
-    "extendedpictographic",
-    "buhd",
-    "javanese",
-    "taml",
-    "inbuginese",
-    "inlatin1supplement",
-    "ingothic",
-    "invariationselectors",
-    "inverticalforms",
-    "ebase",
-    "incurrencysymbols",
-    "avst",
-    "osge",
-    "incombiningdiacriticalmarksextended",
-    "intaiviet",
-    "spaceseparator",
-    "softdotted",
-    "nchar",
-    "invedicextensions",
-    "inlimbu",
-    "olditalic",
-    "rjng",
-    "mathsymbol",
-    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionb",
-    "phagspa",
-    "invariationselectorssupplement",
-    "currencysymbol",
-    "inlinearbsyllabary",
-    "wancho",
-    "hmnp",
-    "inpaucinhau",
-    "other",
-    "otheridcontinue",
-    "sylo",
-    "zp",
-    "inaegeannumbers",
-    "warangciti",
-    "othernumber",
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "digit",
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-    "blank"
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    "hebr",
-    "nonspacingmark",
-    "titlecaseletter",
-    "inmeroiticcursive",
-    "wcho",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=spacingmark",
-    "inletterlikesymbols",
-    "inottomansiyaqnumbers",
-    "intagbanwa",
-    "cyrillic",
-    "oalpha",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=cr",
-    "narb",
-    "changeswhencasemapped",
-    "inbopomofo",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=regionalindicator",
-    "otheralphabetic",
-    "noncharactercodepoint",
-    "oldhungarian",
-    "insymbolsforlegacycomputing",
-    "hangul",
-    "insmallformvariants",
-    "inhangulsyllables",
-    "emojipresentation",
-    "epres",
-    "inbassavah",
-    "indevanagariextended",
-    "inbuhid",
-    "tirhuta",
-    "inpsalterpahlavi",
-    "whitespace",
-    "finalpunctuation",
-    "hung",
-    "orya",
-    "hexdigit",
-    "phlp",
-    "inbamumsupplement",
-    "buhid",
-    "paragraphseparator",
-    "inalphabeticpresentationforms",
-    "hluw",
-    "inlatinextendedg",
-    "elba",
-    "changeswhentitlecased",
-    "incombininghalfmarks",
-    "intangutcomponents",
-    "thaa",
-    "thai",
-    "oldturkic",
-    "thaana",
-    "inlatinextendedf",
-    "ougr",
-    "tang",
-    "inarabicmathematicalalphabeticsymbols",
-    "tagbanwa",
-    "tamil",
-    "khitansmallscript",
-    "tirh",
-    "sylotinagri",
-    "talu",
-    "deva",
-    "deprecated",
-    "inarabicpresentationformsb",
-    "devanagari",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=t",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=lvt",
-    "taitham",
-    "nbat",
-    "telu",
-    "nabataean",
-    "inmahjongtiles",
-    "intangutsupplement",
-    "cyprominoan",
-    "inhebrew",
-    "inmathematicaloperators",
-    "inarabicsupplement",
-    "changeswhenlowercased",
-    "tangut",
-    "elbasan",
-    "osmanya",
-    "inyijinghexagramsymbols",
-    "insuperscriptsandsubscripts",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=extend",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=prepend",
-    "nshu",
-    "otherlowercase",
-    "inethiopicextendedb",
-    "otherletter",
-    "kayahli",
-    "inplayingcards",
-    "elym",
-    "injavanese",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=l",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=control",
-    "ogrext",
-    "elymaic",
-    "changeswhenuppercased",
-    "inalchemicalsymbols",
-    "oldsogdian",
-    "otheridstart",
-    "insupplementalarrowsa",
-    "invithkuqi",
-    "symbol",
-    "inarabicextendedb",
-    "cypriot",
-    "any",
-    "otheruppercase",
-    "wspace",
-    "inindicsiyaqnumbers",
-    "inprivateusearea",
-    "othersymbol",
-    "oupper",
-    "signwriting",
-    "nushu",
-    "hanifirohingya",
-    "upper",
-    "insupplementalarrowsc",
-    "omath",
-    "modifiersymbol",
-    "inhalfwidthandfullwidthforms",
-    "insupplementalmathematicaloperators",
-    "inpahawhhmong",
-    "alphabetic",
-    "uppercase",
-    "dupl",
-    "ogham",
-    "dashpunctuation",
-    "inhanguljamoextendedb",
-    "bassavah",
-    "aghb",
-    "incypriotsyllabary",
-    "indivesakuru",
-    "tibt",
-    "inlatinextendedb",
-    "tibetan",
-    "inyisyllables",
-    "oldnortharabian",
-    "defaultignorablecodepoint",
-    "inhighprivateusesurrogates",
-    "rejang",
-    "soyombo",
-    "otherdefaultignorablecodepoint",
-    "pahawhhmong",
-    "unifiedideograph",
-    "othermath",
-    "changeswhencasefolded",
-    "dep",
-    "divesakuru",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=lf",
-    "uppercaseletter",
-    "insupplementalpunctuation",
-    "ethiopic",
-    "ecomp",
-    "inglagoliticsupplement",
-    "hebrew",
-    "inbopomofoextended",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=zwj",
-    "otherpunctuation",
-    "tifinagh",
-    "tfng",
-    "tavt",
-    "inboxdrawing",
-    "oldsoutharabian",
-    "hyphen",
-    "inegyptianhieroglyphs",
-    "inegyptianhieroglyphformatcontrols",
-    "tagb",
-    "tglg",
-    "tagalog",
-    "othergraphemeextend",
-    "insupplementaryprivateuseareaa",
-    "inhighsurrogates",
-    "duployan",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=v",
-    "graphemeclusterbreak=lv",
-    "insupplementalarrowsb",
-    "telugu",
-    "zyyy",
-    "olduyghur",
-    "inhangulcompatibilityjamo",
-    "openpunctuation",
-    "insupplementalsymbolsandpictographs",
-    "egyp",
-    "nyiakengpuachuehmong",
-    "egyptianhieroglyphs",
-    "insupplementaryprivateuseareab"
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-  };
-#define uniname2ctype_pool ((const char *) &uniname2ctype_pool_contents)
-const struct uniname2ctype_struct *
-uniname2ctype_p (register const char *str, register size_t len)
-{
-  static const struct uniname2ctype_struct wordlist[] =
-    {
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str11), 111},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str17), 111},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str22), 152},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str25), 184},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str33), 218},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str35), 186},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str36), 34},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str45), 173},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str46), 28},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str47), 61},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str48), 95},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str49), 95},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str52), 343},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str55), 21},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str64), 44},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str66), 330},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str67), 52},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str71), 181},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str75), 22},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str83), 184},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str86), 31},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str90), 230},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str92), 45},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str94), 33},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str100), 149},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str101), 510},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str102), 108},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str103), 261},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str107), 31},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str108), 77},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str111), 189},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str112), 189},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str115), 149},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str117), 98},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str118), 77},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str122), 212},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str129), 187},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str130), 42},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str131), 172},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str134), 494},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str139), 170},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str145), 513},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str146), 569},
-      {-1},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1227), 241},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1229), 235},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1230), 265},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1231), 206},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1232), 352},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1233), 73},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1234), 296},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1235), 298},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1236), 295},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1237), 297},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1241), 299},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1242), 277},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1243), 25},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1244), 338},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1245), 279},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1246), 432},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1247), 278},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1248), 30},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1249), 281},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1250), 294},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1251), 280},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1252), 282},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1253), 293},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1254), 560},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1255), 289},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1256), 276},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1263), 64},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1257), 288},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1258), 290},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1259), 292},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {-1}, {-1},
-#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1262), 291},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1263), 64},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1265), 286},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1266), 21},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1267), 285},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1268), 287},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1269), 300},
-      {-1},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1271), 248},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1274), 200},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1277), 284},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1279), 283},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1282), 626},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1284), 110},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1285), 105},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1287), 110},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1289), 345},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1292), 394},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1297), 145},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1298), 117},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1300), 86},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1301), 141},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1306), 15},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1314), 193},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1317), 86},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1323), 535},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1327), 117},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1328), 227},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1330), 107},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1331), 261},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1340), 105},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1343), 120},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1349), 227},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1352), 88},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1354), 164},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1358), 624},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1360), 3},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1365), 384},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1367), 530},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1369), 256},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1373), 272},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1375), 135},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1380), 35},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1384), 56},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1387), 113},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1392), 138},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1400), 201},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1401), 397},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1407), 224},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1409), 38},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1415), 570},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1419), 140},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1420), 140},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1422), 321},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1426), 39},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1428), 181},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1429), 36},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1438), 434},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1442), 540},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1448), 505},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1449), 122},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1451), 203},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1454), 145},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1457), 166},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1460), 215},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1462), 554},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1470), 504},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1471), 506},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1474), 134},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1475), 426},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1476), 508},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1480), 245},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1489), 33},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1495), 260},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1497), 496},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1499), 611},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1501), 196},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1507), 122},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1508), 231},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1517), 610},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1520), 237},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1524), 483},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1529), 120},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1531), 419},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1533), 142},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1536), 127},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1537), 269},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1542), 465},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1547), 168},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1549), 519},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1557), 85},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1563), 273},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1565), 326},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1570), 210},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1572), 115},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1577), 564},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1580), 131},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1582), 219},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1583), 125},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1587), 546},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1597), 81},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1598), 219},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1601), 202},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1607), 586},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1613), 164},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1617), 502},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1618), 272},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1622), 385},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1623), 567},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1629), 39},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1635), 72},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1636), 202},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1643), 62},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1644), 235},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1654), 400},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1655), 274},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1657), 114},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1662), 129},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1664), 448},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1671), 340},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1675), 469},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1677), 314},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1682), 625},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1684), 199},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1686), 93},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1687), 141},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1691), 124},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1699), 379},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1701), 522},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1704), 207},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1714), 207},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1722), 359},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1724), 576},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1728), 221},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1729), 442},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1730), 222},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1731), 534},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1732), 247},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1733), 123},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1734), 114},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1735), 258},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1740), 129},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1742), 161},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1745), 524},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1746), 402},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1750), 20},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1752), 516},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1753), 148},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1757), 515},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1766), 73},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1768), 148},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1769), 374},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1776), 126},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1781), 552},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1788), 97},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1793), 97},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1806), 348},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1810), 630},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1811), 245},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1813), 264},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1821), 224},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1828), 399},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1838), 614},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1841), 457},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1842), 391},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1843), 65},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1845), 263},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1848), 109},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1851), 137},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1857), 244},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1866), 61},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1871), 491},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1881), 63},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1888), 527},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1889), 551},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1896), 617},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1902), 431},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1904), 452},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1905), 584},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1912), 580},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1913), 143},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1916), 588},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1924), 143},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1929), 429},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1932), 412},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1935), 262},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1936), 335},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1941), 27},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1948), 87},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1950), 421},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1956), 250},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1957), 87},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1958), 109},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1964), 437},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1967), 489},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1968), 634},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1969), 249},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1974), 355},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1981), 176},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1985), 405},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1988), 438},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1991), 1},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1993), 372},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1994), 175},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1996), 42},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2002), 591},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2006), 407},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2010), 375},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2011), 267},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2012), 559},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2014), 333},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2016), 209},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2023), 32},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2024), 503},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2026), 176},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2033), 8},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2042), 121},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2043), 17},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2062), 130},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2070), 9},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2073), 342},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2077), 150},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2078), 254},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2090), 275},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2092), 150},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2095), 353},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2103), 162},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2110), 123},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2114), 436},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2115), 381},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str2117), 174},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3350), 498},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3355), 47},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3360), 334},
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-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3371), 126},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3372), 16},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3373), 251},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3396), 604},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3405), 466},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3428), 251},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3436), 213},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3452), 220},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3458), 10},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3460), 618},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3483), 243},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3502), 49},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3505), 476},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3511), 408},
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-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3532), 572},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3533), 57},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3558), 59},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3580), 179},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3590), 103},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3613), 41},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3648), 462},
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-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3659), 178},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3664), 177},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3698), 501},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3699), 548},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3701), 96},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3705), 317},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3713), 96},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3721), 435},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3744), 190},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3754), 71},
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-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3766), 464},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3770), 147},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3799), 214},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3807), 258},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3842), 182},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3845), 257},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3850), 243},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3854), 65},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3868), 259},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3881), 228},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3884), 303},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3891), 30},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3924), 417},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3942), 100},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3949), 274},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3976), 597},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3978), 80},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3998), 427},
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-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4066), 313},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4106), 45},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4116), 132},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4127), 132},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4231), 153},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4308), 398},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4309), 162},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4321), 240},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4348), 565},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4361), 566},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4459), 119},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4604), 116},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4626), 116},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4627), 253},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4674), 632},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4683), 463},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4734), 179},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4755), 309},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4756), 311},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4772), 406},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4810), 90},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4898), 75},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
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-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4982), 232},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4986), 425},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5018), 46},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5134), 619},
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str6), 12},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str7), 7},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str8), 15},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str9), 1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str10), 13},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str11), 11},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str12), 10},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str13), 14},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str14), 3},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str15), 9},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str16), 8},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str17), 6},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str18), 5},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str19), 4},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str20), 2}
-#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5141), 155},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5300), 225},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5980), 155},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
-      {uniname2ctype_offset(str6098), 633}
-#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
-    };
-
-  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
-    {
-      register unsigned int key = uniname2ctype_hash (str, len);
-
-      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
-        {
-          register int o = wordlist[key].name;
-          if (o >= 0)
-            {
-              register const char *s = o + uniname2ctype_pool;
-
-              if (*str == *s && !strncmp (str + 1, s + 1, len - 1) && s[len] == '\0')
-                return &wordlist[key];
-            }
-        }
-    }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int
-uniname2ctype(const UChar *name, unsigned int len)
-{
-  const struct uniname2ctype_struct *p = uniname2ctype_p((const char *)name, len);
-  if (p) return p->ctype;
-  return -1;
-}
-#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING && !( \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR == 14 && \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR == 0 && \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY == 0 && \
-      1)
-# error ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING mismatch
-#endif
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING "14.0.0"
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR 14
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR 0
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY 0
-#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_STRING && !( \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MAJOR == 14 && \
-      ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MINOR == 0 && \
-      1)
-# error ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_STRING mismatch
-#endif
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_STRING "14.0"
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MAJOR 14
-#define ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MINOR 0
diff --git a/enc/unicode/15.0.0/casefold.h b/enc/unicode/15.0.0/casefold.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51120d867d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enc/unicode/15.0.0/casefold.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7629 @@
+/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. */
+/* Generated by enc-case-folding.rb */
+
+#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING && !( \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR == 15 && \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR == 0 && \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY == 0 && \
+      1)
+# error ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING mismatch
+#endif
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING "15.0.0"
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR 15
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR 0
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY 0
+
+static const CaseFold_11_Type CaseFold_11_Table[] = {
+#define CaseFold (*(CaseFold_11_Type (*)[1528])(CaseFold_11_Table+0))
+  {0x0041, {1|F|D, {0x0061}}},
+  {0x0042, {1|F|D, {0x0062}}},
+  {0x0043, {1|F|D, {0x0063}}},
+  {0x0044, {1|F|D, {0x0064}}},
+  {0x0045, {1|F|D, {0x0065}}},
+  {0x0046, {1|F|D, {0x0066}}},
+  {0x0047, {1|F|D, {0x0067}}},
+  {0x0048, {1|F|D, {0x0068}}},
+  {0x004a, {1|F|D, {0x006a}}},
+  {0x004b, {1|F|D, {0x006b}}},
+  {0x004c, {1|F|D, {0x006c}}},
+  {0x004d, {1|F|D, {0x006d}}},
+  {0x004e, {1|F|D, {0x006e}}},
+  {0x004f, {1|F|D, {0x006f}}},
+  {0x0050, {1|F|D, {0x0070}}},
+  {0x0051, {1|F|D, {0x0071}}},
+  {0x0052, {1|F|D, {0x0072}}},
+  {0x0053, {1|F|D, {0x0073}}},
+  {0x0054, {1|F|D, {0x0074}}},
+  {0x0055, {1|F|D, {0x0075}}},
+  {0x0056, {1|F|D, {0x0076}}},
+  {0x0057, {1|F|D, {0x0077}}},
+  {0x0058, {1|F|D, {0x0078}}},
+  {0x0059, {1|F|D, {0x0079}}},
+  {0x005a, {1|F|D, {0x007a}}},
+  {0x00b5, {1|F|SU|I(0), {0x03bc}}},
+  {0x00c0, {1|F|D, {0x00e0}}},
+  {0x00c1, {1|F|D, {0x00e1}}},
+  {0x00c2, {1|F|D, {0x00e2}}},
+  {0x00c3, {1|F|D, {0x00e3}}},
+  {0x00c4, {1|F|D, {0x00e4}}},
+  {0x00c5, {1|F|D, {0x00e5}}},
+  {0x00c6, {1|F|D, {0x00e6}}},
+  {0x00c7, {1|F|D, {0x00e7}}},
+  {0x00c8, {1|F|D, {0x00e8}}},
+  {0x00c9, {1|F|D, {0x00e9}}},
+  {0x00ca, {1|F|D, {0x00ea}}},
+  {0x00cb, {1|F|D, {0x00eb}}},
+  {0x00cc, {1|F|D, {0x00ec}}},
+  {0x00cd, {1|F|D, {0x00ed}}},
+  {0x00ce, {1|F|D, {0x00ee}}},
+  {0x00cf, {1|F|D, {0x00ef}}},
+  {0x00d0, {1|F|D, {0x00f0}}},
+  {0x00d1, {1|F|D, {0x00f1}}},
+  {0x00d2, {1|F|D, {0x00f2}}},
+  {0x00d3, {1|F|D, {0x00f3}}},
+  {0x00d4, {1|F|D, {0x00f4}}},
+  {0x00d5, {1|F|D, {0x00f5}}},
+  {0x00d6, {1|F|D, {0x00f6}}},
+  {0x00d8, {1|F|D, {0x00f8}}},
+  {0x00d9, {1|F|D, {0x00f9}}},
+  {0x00da, {1|F|D, {0x00fa}}},
+  {0x00db, {1|F|D, {0x00fb}}},
+  {0x00dc, {1|F|D, {0x00fc}}},
+  {0x00dd, {1|F|D, {0x00fd}}},
+  {0x00de, {1|F|D, {0x00fe}}},
+  {0x00df, {2|F|ST|SU|I(1), {0x0073, 0x0073}}},
+  {0x0100, {1|F|D, {0x0101}}},
+  {0x0102, {1|F|D, {0x0103}}},
+  {0x0104, {1|F|D, {0x0105}}},
+  {0x0106, {1|F|D, {0x0107}}},
+  {0x0108, {1|F|D, {0x0109}}},
+  {0x010a, {1|F|D, {0x010b}}},
+  {0x010c, {1|F|D, {0x010d}}},
+  {0x010e, {1|F|D, {0x010f}}},
+  {0x0110, {1|F|D, {0x0111}}},
+  {0x0112, {1|F|D, {0x0113}}},
+  {0x0114, {1|F|D, {0x0115}}},
+  {0x0116, {1|F|D, {0x0117}}},
+  {0x0118, {1|F|D, {0x0119}}},
+  {0x011a, {1|F|D, {0x011b}}},
+  {0x011c, {1|F|D, {0x011d}}},
+  {0x011e, {1|F|D, {0x011f}}},
+  {0x0120, {1|F|D, {0x0121}}},
+  {0x0122, {1|F|D, {0x0123}}},
+  {0x0124, {1|F|D, {0x0125}}},
+  {0x0126, {1|F|D, {0x0127}}},
+  {0x0128, {1|F|D, {0x0129}}},
+  {0x012a, {1|F|D, {0x012b}}},
+  {0x012c, {1|F|D, {0x012d}}},
+  {0x012e, {1|F|D, {0x012f}}},
+  {0x0132, {1|F|D, {0x0133}}},
+  {0x0134, {1|F|D, {0x0135}}},
+  {0x0136, {1|F|D, {0x0137}}},
+  {0x0139, {1|F|D, {0x013a}}},
+  {0x013b, {1|F|D, {0x013c}}},
+  {0x013d, {1|F|D, {0x013e}}},
+  {0x013f, {1|F|D, {0x0140}}},
+  {0x0141, {1|F|D, {0x0142}}},
+  {0x0143, {1|F|D, {0x0144}}},
+  {0x0145, {1|F|D, {0x0146}}},
+  {0x0147, {1|F|D, {0x0148}}},
+  {0x0149, {2|F|SU|I(5), {0x02bc, 0x006e}}},
+  {0x014a, {1|F|D, {0x014b}}},
+  {0x014c, {1|F|D, {0x014d}}},
+  {0x014e, {1|F|D, {0x014f}}},
+  {0x0150, {1|F|D, {0x0151}}},
+  {0x0152, {1|F|D, {0x0153}}},
+  {0x0154, {1|F|D, {0x0155}}},
+  {0x0156, {1|F|D, {0x0157}}},
+  {0x0158, {1|F|D, {0x0159}}},
+  {0x015a, {1|F|D, {0x015b}}},
+  {0x015c, {1|F|D, {0x015d}}},
+  {0x015e, {1|F|D, {0x015f}}},
+  {0x0160, {1|F|D, {0x0161}}},
+  {0x0162, {1|F|D, {0x0163}}},
+  {0x0164, {1|F|D, {0x0165}}},
+  {0x0166, {1|F|D, {0x0167}}},
+  {0x0168, {1|F|D, {0x0169}}},
+  {0x016a, {1|F|D, {0x016b}}},
+  {0x016c, {1|F|D, {0x016d}}},
+  {0x016e, {1|F|D, {0x016f}}},
+  {0x0170, {1|F|D, {0x0171}}},
+  {0x0172, {1|F|D, {0x0173}}},
+  {0x0174, {1|F|D, {0x0175}}},
+  {0x0176, {1|F|D, {0x0177}}},
+  {0x0178, {1|F|D, {0x00ff}}},
+  {0x0179, {1|F|D, {0x017a}}},
+  {0x017b, {1|F|D, {0x017c}}},
+  {0x017d, {1|F|D, {0x017e}}},
+  {0x017f, {1|F|SU|I(7), {0x0073}}},
+  {0x0181, {1|F|D, {0x0253}}},
+  {0x0182, {1|F|D, {0x0183}}},
+  {0x0184, {1|F|D, {0x0185}}},
+  {0x0186, {1|F|D, {0x0254}}},
+  {0x0187, {1|F|D, {0x0188}}},
+  {0x0189, {1|F|D, {0x0256}}},
+  {0x018a, {1|F|D, {0x0257}}},
+  {0x018b, {1|F|D, {0x018c}}},
+  {0x018e, {1|F|D, {0x01dd}}},
+  {0x018f, {1|F|D, {0x0259}}},
+  {0x0190, {1|F|D, {0x025b}}},
+  {0x0191, {1|F|D, {0x0192}}},
+  {0x0193, {1|F|D, {0x0260}}},
+  {0x0194, {1|F|D, {0x0263}}},
+  {0x0196, {1|F|D, {0x0269}}},
+  {0x0197, {1|F|D, {0x0268}}},
+  {0x0198, {1|F|D, {0x0199}}},
+  {0x019c, {1|F|D, {0x026f}}},
+  {0x019d, {1|F|D, {0x0272}}},
+  {0x019f, {1|F|D, {0x0275}}},
+  {0x01a0, {1|F|D, {0x01a1}}},
+  {0x01a2, {1|F|D, {0x01a3}}},
+  {0x01a4, {1|F|D, {0x01a5}}},
+  {0x01a6, {1|F|D, {0x0280}}},
+  {0x01a7, {1|F|D, {0x01a8}}},
+  {0x01a9, {1|F|D, {0x0283}}},
+  {0x01ac, {1|F|D, {0x01ad}}},
+  {0x01ae, {1|F|D, {0x0288}}},
+  {0x01af, {1|F|D, {0x01b0}}},
+  {0x01b1, {1|F|D, {0x028a}}},
+  {0x01b2, {1|F|D, {0x028b}}},
+  {0x01b3, {1|F|D, {0x01b4}}},
+  {0x01b5, {1|F|D, {0x01b6}}},
+  {0x01b7, {1|F|D, {0x0292}}},
+  {0x01b8, {1|F|D, {0x01b9}}},
+  {0x01bc, {1|F|D, {0x01bd}}},
+  {0x01c4, {1|F|D|ST|I(8), {0x01c6}}},
+  {0x01c5, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(9), {0x01c6}}},
+  {0x01c7, {1|F|D|ST|I(12), {0x01c9}}},
+  {0x01c8, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(13), {0x01c9}}},
+  {0x01ca, {1|F|D|ST|I(16), {0x01cc}}},
+  {0x01cb, {1|F|D|IT|SU|I(17), {0x01cc}}},
+  {0x01cd, {1|F|D, {0x01ce}}},
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+  {0x118b3, {1|F|D, {0x118d3}}},
+  {0x118b4, {1|F|D, {0x118d4}}},
+  {0x118b5, {1|F|D, {0x118d5}}},
+  {0x118b6, {1|F|D, {0x118d6}}},
+  {0x118b7, {1|F|D, {0x118d7}}},
+  {0x118b8, {1|F|D, {0x118d8}}},
+  {0x118b9, {1|F|D, {0x118d9}}},
+  {0x118ba, {1|F|D, {0x118da}}},
+  {0x118bb, {1|F|D, {0x118db}}},
+  {0x118bc, {1|F|D, {0x118dc}}},
+  {0x118bd, {1|F|D, {0x118dd}}},
+  {0x118be, {1|F|D, {0x118de}}},
+  {0x118bf, {1|F|D, {0x118df}}},
+  {0x16e40, {1|F|D, {0x16e60}}},
+  {0x16e41, {1|F|D, {0x16e61}}},
+  {0x16e42, {1|F|D, {0x16e62}}},
+  {0x16e43, {1|F|D, {0x16e63}}},
+  {0x16e44, {1|F|D, {0x16e64}}},
+  {0x16e45, {1|F|D, {0x16e65}}},
+  {0x16e46, {1|F|D, {0x16e66}}},
+  {0x16e47, {1|F|D, {0x16e67}}},
+  {0x16e48, {1|F|D, {0x16e68}}},
+  {0x16e49, {1|F|D, {0x16e69}}},
+  {0x16e4a, {1|F|D, {0x16e6a}}},
+  {0x16e4b, {1|F|D, {0x16e6b}}},
+  {0x16e4c, {1|F|D, {0x16e6c}}},
+  {0x16e4d, {1|F|D, {0x16e6d}}},
+  {0x16e4e, {1|F|D, {0x16e6e}}},
+  {0x16e4f, {1|F|D, {0x16e6f}}},
+  {0x16e50, {1|F|D, {0x16e70}}},
+  {0x16e51, {1|F|D, {0x16e71}}},
+  {0x16e52, {1|F|D, {0x16e72}}},
+  {0x16e53, {1|F|D, {0x16e73}}},
+  {0x16e54, {1|F|D, {0x16e74}}},
+  {0x16e55, {1|F|D, {0x16e75}}},
+  {0x16e56, {1|F|D, {0x16e76}}},
+  {0x16e57, {1|F|D, {0x16e77}}},
+  {0x16e58, {1|F|D, {0x16e78}}},
+  {0x16e59, {1|F|D, {0x16e79}}},
+  {0x16e5a, {1|F|D, {0x16e7a}}},
+  {0x16e5b, {1|F|D, {0x16e7b}}},
+  {0x16e5c, {1|F|D, {0x16e7c}}},
+  {0x16e5d, {1|F|D, {0x16e7d}}},
+  {0x16e5e, {1|F|D, {0x16e7e}}},
+  {0x16e5f, {1|F|D, {0x16e7f}}},
+  {0x1e900, {1|F|D, {0x1e922}}},
+  {0x1e901, {1|F|D, {0x1e923}}},
+  {0x1e902, {1|F|D, {0x1e924}}},
+  {0x1e903, {1|F|D, {0x1e925}}},
+  {0x1e904, {1|F|D, {0x1e926}}},
+  {0x1e905, {1|F|D, {0x1e927}}},
+  {0x1e906, {1|F|D, {0x1e928}}},
+  {0x1e907, {1|F|D, {0x1e929}}},
+  {0x1e908, {1|F|D, {0x1e92a}}},
+  {0x1e909, {1|F|D, {0x1e92b}}},
+  {0x1e90a, {1|F|D, {0x1e92c}}},
+  {0x1e90b, {1|F|D, {0x1e92d}}},
+  {0x1e90c, {1|F|D, {0x1e92e}}},
+  {0x1e90d, {1|F|D, {0x1e92f}}},
+  {0x1e90e, {1|F|D, {0x1e930}}},
+  {0x1e90f, {1|F|D, {0x1e931}}},
+  {0x1e910, {1|F|D, {0x1e932}}},
+  {0x1e911, {1|F|D, {0x1e933}}},
+  {0x1e912, {1|F|D, {0x1e934}}},
+  {0x1e913, {1|F|D, {0x1e935}}},
+  {0x1e914, {1|F|D, {0x1e936}}},
+  {0x1e915, {1|F|D, {0x1e937}}},
+  {0x1e916, {1|F|D, {0x1e938}}},
+  {0x1e917, {1|F|D, {0x1e939}}},
+  {0x1e918, {1|F|D, {0x1e93a}}},
+  {0x1e919, {1|F|D, {0x1e93b}}},
+  {0x1e91a, {1|F|D, {0x1e93c}}},
+  {0x1e91b, {1|F|D, {0x1e93d}}},
+  {0x1e91c, {1|F|D, {0x1e93e}}},
+  {0x1e91d, {1|F|D, {0x1e93f}}},
+  {0x1e91e, {1|F|D, {0x1e940}}},
+  {0x1e91f, {1|F|D, {0x1e941}}},
+  {0x1e920, {1|F|D, {0x1e942}}},
+  {0x1e921, {1|F|D, {0x1e943}}},
+#define CaseFold_Locale (*(CaseFold_11_Type (*)[2])(CaseFold_11_Table+1528))
+  {0x0049, {1|F|D, {0x0069}}},
+  {0x0130, {2|F|D, {0x0069, 0x0307}}},
+};
+
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_lookup -n  */
+
+/* maximum key range = 3080, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+static unsigned int
+onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_hash(const OnigCodePoint code)
+{
+  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
+    {
+         1, 3085,    2,   20,    3,  307,  200,    8,   31,  159,
+         2,  253,   33,  967, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,
+      3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,   30, 3085, 3085,
+      3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,  352, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,
+      3085,   93, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,
+      3085,  407, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,  201,
+      3085, 3085,   14,   13,  373,    1, 3085, 3085,  503,   19,
+      3085, 3085, 3085, 3085, 3085,  325, 3085, 3085,  290, 1064,
+       484,   28, 1906,  447,  272,  414, 2002,   79,  905,    5,
+        11,   22, 2024,  623,  761,  617, 1893,   45, 1874,  113,
+      1856,  255, 1823,   96, 1463,   62, 1841,  130, 1798,  331,
+      1771,  238, 1977,  147, 1387,  464, 1691,  187, 1639,  181,
+       366,  580, 1331,  508, 1287,  547, 1583,  541,  400,  783,
+      1944,  657, 1850,  932, 1785,  858, 1645,  681, 1412,  722,
+      1622,  972, 1306,  807, 1942, 1282,  283, 1218, 1557, 1055,
+      1406, 1258, 1401, 1168, 1327,  864,  893, 1123, 1714, 1195,
+      1885, 1083, 2016, 1232,  823,  678, 1420, 1017,  155, 1261,
+        86, 1351,  794, 1929,   51, 1525,   50,  221,    4, 1383,
+       196,  325,    1, 1562,  102, 1441,    3, 1356,  226, 1304,
+       271, 1516,   68, 1752,   37, 1469,   51, 1920,  143, 2059,
+       198, 2095,  370, 2069,  137,  718,  407, 1926,  136
+    };
+  return asso_values[bits_of(code, 2)+81] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 1)+2] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 0)];
+}
+
+static const CodePointList3 *
+onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_lookup(const OnigCodePoint code)
+{
+  enum
+    {
+      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x41,
+      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x1e921,
+      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 1530,
+      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
+      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
+      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 5,
+      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 3084
+    };
+
+  static const short wordlist[] =
+    {
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1fe9*/ 850,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f88*/ 775,
+      /*0x0408*/ 305,
+      /*0x0108*/ 61,
+      /*0x10408*/ 1276,
+      -1,
+      /*0xab88*/ 1174,
+      /*0x1f89*/ 776,
+      /*0x0409*/ 306,
+      /*0x2c69*/ 964,
+      /*0x10409*/ 1277,
+      /*0x2c08*/ 919,
+      /*0xab89*/ 1175,
+      /*0x1e88*/ 653,
+      /*0x1e08*/ 589,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c09*/ 920,
+      /*0x1f8a*/ 777,
+      /*0x040a*/ 307,
+      /*0x010a*/ 62,
+      /*0x1040a*/ 1278,
+      /*0x2c88*/ 978,
+      /*0xab8a*/ 1176,
+      /*0x1f80*/ 767,
+      /*0x0400*/ 297,
+      /*0x0100*/ 57,
+      /*0x10400*/ 1268,
+      /*0x2c0a*/ 921,
+      /*0xab80*/ 1166,
+      /*0x1e8a*/ 654,
+      /*0x1e0a*/ 590,
+      /*0x10c88*/ 1387,
+      /*0x0508*/ 425,
+      /*0x2c00*/ 911,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e80*/ 649,
+      /*0x1e00*/ 585,
+      /*0x10c89*/ 1388,
+      /*0x2c8a*/ 979,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f90*/ 783,
+      /*0x0410*/ 313,
+      /*0x0110*/ 65,
+      /*0x10410*/ 1284,
+      /*0x2c80*/ 974,
+      /*0xab90*/ 1182,
+      /*0x1ff3*/ 855,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10c8a*/ 1389,
+      /*0x050a*/ 426,
+      /*0x2c10*/ 927,
+      /*0xa780*/ 1106,
+      /*0x1e90*/ 657,
+      /*0x1e10*/ 593,
+      /*0x10c80*/ 1379,
+      /*0x0500*/ 421,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f98*/ 791,
+      /*0x0418*/ 321,
+      /*0x0118*/ 69,
+      /*0x10418*/ 1292,
+      /*0x2c90*/ 982,
+      /*0xab98*/ 1190,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00df*/ 56,
+      /*0x00dd*/ 54,
+      /*0x10571*/ 1345,
+      /*0x2c18*/ 935,
+      /*0xa790*/ 1112,
+      /*0x1e98*/ 662,
+      /*0x1e18*/ 597,
+      /*0x10c90*/ 1395,
+      /*0x0510*/ 429,
+      /*0x2c6f*/ 968,
+      /*0x1f86*/ 773,
+      /*0x0406*/ 303,
+      /*0x0106*/ 60,
+      /*0x10406*/ 1274,
+      /*0x2c98*/ 986,
+      /*0xab86*/ 1172,
+      /*0x10573*/ 1347,
+      /*0x1fd9*/ 841,
+      /*0x0059*/ 23,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2c06*/ 917,
+      /*0xa798*/ 1115,
+      /*0x1e86*/ 652,
+      /*0x1e06*/ 588,
+      /*0x10c98*/ 1403,
+      /*0x0518*/ 433,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f96*/ 789,
+      /*0x0416*/ 319,
+      /*0x0116*/ 68,
+      /*0x10416*/ 1290,
+      /*0x2c86*/ 977,
+      /*0xab96*/ 1188,
+      /*0x1fe7*/ 848,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x00d9*/ 50,
+      /*0x2c16*/ 933,
+      /*0xa786*/ 1109,
+      /*0x1e96*/ 660,
+      /*0x1e16*/ 596,
+      /*0x10c86*/ 1385,
+      /*0x0506*/ 424,
+      /*0x2c67*/ 963,
+      /*0x1f92*/ 785,
+      /*0x0412*/ 315,
+      /*0x0112*/ 66,
+      /*0x10412*/ 1286,
+      /*0x2c96*/ 985,
+      /*0xab92*/ 1184,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c12*/ 929,
+      /*0xa796*/ 1114,
+      /*0x1e92*/ 658,
+      /*0x1e12*/ 594,
+      /*0x10c96*/ 1401,
+      /*0x0516*/ 432,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f9a*/ 793,
+      /*0x041a*/ 323,
+      /*0x011a*/ 70,
+      /*0x1041a*/ 1294,
+      /*0x2c92*/ 983,
+      /*0xab9a*/ 1192,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1ffb*/ 862,
+      /*0x017f*/ 120,
+      /*0x017b*/ 118,
+      /*0x2c1a*/ 937,
+      /*0xa792*/ 1113,
+      /*0x1e9a*/ 664,
+      /*0x1e1a*/ 598,
+      /*0x10c92*/ 1397,
+      /*0x0512*/ 430,
+      /*0x2c7f*/ 973,
+      /*0x1fa0*/ 799,
+      /*0x0420*/ 329,
+      /*0x0120*/ 73,
+      /*0x10420*/ 1300,
+      /*0x2c9a*/ 987,
+      /*0xaba0*/ 1198,
+      /*0x2c75*/ 971,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1fd7*/ 839,
+      /*0x0057*/ 21,
+      /*0x2c20*/ 943,
+      /*0xa79a*/ 1116,
+      /*0x1ea0*/ 667,
+      /*0x1e20*/ 601,
+      /*0x10c9a*/ 1405,
+      /*0x051a*/ 434,
+      /*0x0388*/ 235,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x037f*/ 233,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2ca0*/ 990,
+      /*0x0389*/ 236,
+      /*0x1057f*/ 1358,
+      /*0xa7f5*/ 1149,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa7a0*/ 1119,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10575*/ 1349,
+      /*0x10ca0*/ 1411,
+      /*0x0520*/ 437,
+      /*0x038a*/ 237,
+      /*0x1fa6*/ 805,
+      /*0x0426*/ 335,
+      /*0x0126*/ 76,
+      /*0x10426*/ 1306,
+      -1,
+      /*0xaba6*/ 1204,
+      /*0x1fa4*/ 803,
+      /*0x0424*/ 333,
+      /*0x0124*/ 75,
+      /*0x10424*/ 1304,
+      /*0x2c26*/ 949,
+      /*0xaba4*/ 1202,
+      /*0x1ea6*/ 670,
+      /*0x1e26*/ 604,
+      /*0x03f1*/ 288,
+      /*0x1fe3*/ 845,
+      /*0x2c24*/ 947,
+      /*0x1ff7*/ 858,
+      /*0x1ea4*/ 669,
+      /*0x1e24*/ 603,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2ca6*/ 993,
+      /*0x0390*/ 241,
+      /*0x0208*/ 194,
+      /*0x1c88*/ 538,
+      /*0x2c63*/ 961,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2ca4*/ 992,
+      /*0xa7a6*/ 1122,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x10ca6*/ 1417,
+      /*0x0526*/ 440,
+      -1,
+      /*0xa7a4*/ 1121,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x10ca4*/ 1415,
+      /*0x0524*/ 439,
+      /*0x0398*/ 249,
+      /*0x020a*/ 195,
+      /*0x0460*/ 345,
+      /*0x0160*/ 104,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1feb*/ 852,
+      /*0x0200*/ 190,
+      /*0x1c80*/ 530,
+      /*0x13fb*/ 527,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2c60*/ 959,
+      /*0x10577*/ 1351,
+      /*0x1ee0*/ 699,
+      /*0x1e60*/ 633,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2c6b*/ 965,
+      /*0x0386*/ 234,
+      /*0x1f9e*/ 797,
+      /*0x041e*/ 327,
+      /*0x011e*/ 72,
+      /*0x1041e*/ 1298,
+      /*0x2ce0*/ 1022,
+      /*0xab9e*/ 1196,
+      /*0x0210*/ 198,
+      /*0x1c90*/ 539,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2ceb*/ 1024,
+      /*0x2c1e*/ 941,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e9e*/ 666,
+      /*0x1e1e*/ 600,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x0396*/ 247,
+      /*0x1f94*/ 787,
+      /*0x0414*/ 317,
+      /*0x0114*/ 67,
+      /*0x10414*/ 1288,
+      /*0x2c9e*/ 989,
+      /*0xab94*/ 1186,
+      /*0x0218*/ 202,
+      /*0x1c98*/ 547,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c14*/ 931,
+      /*0xa79e*/ 1118,
+      /*0x1e94*/ 659,
+      /*0x1e14*/ 595,
+      /*0x10c9e*/ 1409,
+      /*0x051e*/ 436,
+      /*0x0392*/ 243,
+      /*0x1f83*/ 770,
+      /*0x0403*/ 300,
+      /*0x048a*/ 362,
+      /*0x10403*/ 1271,
+      /*0x2c94*/ 984,
+      /*0xab83*/ 1169,
+      /*0x0206*/ 193,
+      /*0x1c86*/ 536,
+      /*0x0480*/ 361,
+      /*0x2c6d*/ 966,
+      /*0x2c03*/ 914,
+      /*0x1e908*/ 1502,
+      /*0x0041*/ 0,
+      /*0x0141*/ 88,
+      /*0x10c94*/ 1399,
+      /*0x0514*/ 431,
+      /*0x039a*/ 251,
+      /*0x1e909*/ 1503,
+      /*0x2183*/ 884,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2ced*/ 1025,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03ff*/ 296,
+      /*0x0216*/ 201,
+      /*0x1c96*/ 545,
+      /*0x0490*/ 365,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e90a*/ 1504,
+      /*0x03f5*/ 290,
+      /*0x00c1*/ 27,
+      /*0x10c83*/ 1382,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03a0*/ 257,
+      /*0x1e900*/ 1494,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0212*/ 199,
+      /*0x1c92*/ 541,
+      /*0x0498*/ 369,
+      /*0x0541*/ 461,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0189*/ 126,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e910*/ 1510,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1fe4*/ 846,
+      /*0x0464*/ 347,
+      /*0x0164*/ 106,
+      /*0x018a*/ 127,
+      /*0x021a*/ 203,
+      /*0x1c9a*/ 549,
+      /*0x1f9c*/ 795,
+      /*0x041c*/ 325,
+      /*0x011c*/ 71,
+      /*0x1041c*/ 1296,
+      /*0x2c64*/ 962,
+      /*0xab9c*/ 1194,
+      /*0x1ee4*/ 701,
+      /*0x1e64*/ 635,
+      /*0x03a6*/ 262,
+      /*0x1e918*/ 1518,
+      /*0x2c1c*/ 939,
+      -1,
+      /*0x01f1*/ 181,
+      /*0x1e1c*/ 599,
+      /*0x03a4*/ 260,
+      /*0x0220*/ 206,
+      /*0x1ca0*/ 555,
+      /*0x0496*/ 368,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x0190*/ 131,
+      /*0x2c9c*/ 988,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x03f7*/ 291,
+      /*0x1e906*/ 1500,
+      -1,
+      /*0xa79c*/ 1117,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x10c9c*/ 1407,
+      /*0x051c*/ 435,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0492*/ 366,
+      /*0x1fa7*/ 806,
+      /*0x0427*/ 336,
+      /*0x0198*/ 137,
+      /*0x10427*/ 1307,
+      /*0x1ff9*/ 860,
+      /*0xaba7*/ 1205,
+      /*0x0179*/ 117,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e916*/ 1516,
+      /*0x1f69*/ 760,
+      /*0x2c27*/ 950,
+      /*0x1f08*/ 715,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03e0*/ 279,
+      /*0x0226*/ 209,
+      /*0x1ca6*/ 561,
+      /*0x049a*/ 370,
+      /*0x1f09*/ 716,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0186*/ 124,
+      /*0x0224*/ 208,
+      /*0x1ca4*/ 559,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e912*/ 1512,
+      /*0x01d9*/ 169,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f0a*/ 717,
+      -1,
+      /*0x039e*/ 255,
+      /*0x10ca7*/ 1418,
+      -1,
+      /*0x04a0*/ 373,
+      /*0x1faf*/ 814,
+      /*0x042f*/ 344,
+      /*0x0196*/ 135,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10579*/ 1353,
+      /*0xabaf*/ 1213,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e91a*/ 1520,
+      /*0x017d*/ 119,
+      /*0x2c2f*/ 958,
+      -1,
+      /*0xfb00*/ 1230,
+      /*0x0394*/ 245,
+      /*0x1f84*/ 771,
+      /*0x0404*/ 301,
+      /*0x0104*/ 59,
+      /*0x10404*/ 1272,
+      -1,
+      /*0xab84*/ 1170,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f5f*/ 758,
+      /*0x1f5d*/ 757,
+      /*0x2c04*/ 915,
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+      /*0x118ad*/ 1443,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f3b*/ 740,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10b7*/ 507,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1c9b*/ 550,
+      /*0x0399*/ 250,
+      /*0xa76e*/ 1101,
+      /*0xff2d*/ 1254,
+      /*0x1f85*/ 772,
+      /*0x0405*/ 302,
+      /*0x04f0*/ 413,
+      /*0x10405*/ 1273,
+      -1,
+      /*0xab85*/ 1171,
+      /*0x10c9f*/ 1410,
+      /*0xa75e*/ 1093,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c05*/ 916,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0393*/ 244,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x0051*/ 15,
+      /*0x216e*/ 882,
+      -1,
+      /*0x01cd*/ 163,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1c95*/ 544,
+      /*0x1f8b*/ 778,
+      /*0x040b*/ 308,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1040b*/ 1279,
+      -1,
+      /*0xab8b*/ 1177,
+      /*0x118bb*/ 1457,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0391*/ 242,
+      /*0x10c85*/ 1384,
+      /*0x2c0b*/ 922,
+      /*0x00d1*/ 43,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x24cd*/ 908,
+      /*0x104b5*/ 1313,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1c99*/ 548,
+      /*0x10a3*/ 487,
+      /*0x03cf*/ 270,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa766*/ 1097,
+      /*0x118a5*/ 1435,
+      /*0x0551*/ 477,
+      /*0x1e91d*/ 1523,
+      /*0x1cb3*/ 574,
+      /*0x038f*/ 240,
+      /*0xa78b*/ 1110,
+      /*0x118b7*/ 1453,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10c8b*/ 1390,
+      /*0x1c93*/ 542,
+      /*0xff25*/ 1246,
+      /*0x01f0*/ 180,
+      /*0x1ff6*/ 857,
+      /*0x0476*/ 356,
+      /*0x0176*/ 115,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff37*/ 1264,
+      /*0x2166*/ 874,
+      /*0x10cd*/ 523,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1ffa*/ 861,
+      /*0x047a*/ 358,
+      /*0x1ef6*/ 710,
+      /*0x1e76*/ 644,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1c91*/ 540,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e91b*/ 1521,
+      /*0x019d*/ 139,
+      /*0x03f4*/ 289,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1efa*/ 712,
+      /*0x1e7a*/ 646,
+      /*0x16e56*/ 1484,
+      /*0x03fe*/ 295,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f4d*/ 750,
+      /*0x03dc*/ 277,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0376*/ 232,
+      -1,
+      /*0x01b5*/ 153,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10576*/ 1350,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1ff8*/ 859,
+      /*0x0478*/ 357,
+      /*0x0178*/ 116,
+      -1,
+      /*0x118a3*/ 1433,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e915*/ 1515,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1057a*/ 1354,
+      /*0x104b3*/ 1311,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1c81*/ 531,
+      /*0x1ef8*/ 711,
+      /*0x1e78*/ 645,
+      /*0xff23*/ 1244,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e919*/ 1519,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e44*/ 1466,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10578*/ 1352,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e913*/ 1513,
+      /*0x039f*/ 256,
+      /*0x10b5*/ 505,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x104cf*/ 1339,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1cbf*/ 584,
+      /*0x1f1d*/ 728,
+      /*0x1cb1*/ 572,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e50*/ 1478,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e911*/ 1511,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01b3*/ 152,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x13fa*/ 526,
+      /*0x0193*/ 133,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f1b*/ 726,
+      /*0x1e90f*/ 1509,
+      /*0x04f4*/ 415,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03d1*/ 272,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1c9f*/ 554,
+      /*0x04fe*/ 420,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0191*/ 132,
+      /*0x04dc*/ 403,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e901*/ 1495,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x13f8*/ 524,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e4c*/ 1474,
+      -1,
+      /*0x01cf*/ 164,
+      -1,
+      /*0x118b5*/ 1451,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x104bf*/ 1323,
+      -1,
+      /*0x104b1*/ 1309,
+      /*0x018f*/ 130,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10b3*/ 503,
+      /*0x1c85*/ 535,
+      /*0xff35*/ 1262,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xfb15*/ 1239,
+      -1,
+      /*0x24cf*/ 910,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x0181*/ 121,
+      /*0x1f19*/ 724,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa65c*/ 1041,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01f4*/ 183,
+      /*0x03fa*/ 293,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01fe*/ 189,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e48*/ 1470,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xfb13*/ 1237,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01b1*/ 150,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e91f*/ 1525,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x118b3*/ 1449,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e4e*/ 1476,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f0f*/ 722,
+      /*0x24bf*/ 894,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff33*/ 1260,
+      -1,
+      /*0x104d1*/ 1341,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e905*/ 1499,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x019f*/ 140,
+      /*0x16e42*/ 1464,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xfb01*/ 1231,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x10bf*/ 515,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10b1*/ 501,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e52*/ 1480,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e90b*/ 1505,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x04f6*/ 416,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f3f*/ 744,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x04fa*/ 418,
+      /*0x01d1*/ 165,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e46*/ 1468,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e58*/ 1486,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x018b*/ 128,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x04f8*/ 417,
+      /*0x16e40*/ 1462,
+      -1,
+      /*0x118bf*/ 1461,
+      -1,
+      /*0x118b1*/ 1447,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff31*/ 1258,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x01f6*/ 184,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xab72*/ 1152,
+      /*0x01fa*/ 187,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xfb05*/ 1235,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e49*/ 1471,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f0b*/ 718,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01f8*/ 186,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa77e*/ 1105,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa75c*/ 1092,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e5a*/ 1488,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e47*/ 1469,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e45*/ 1467,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e55*/ 1483,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e5e*/ 1492,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e43*/ 1465,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xab70*/ 1150,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e4d*/ 1475,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x10595*/ 1378,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xab74*/ 1154,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xab7e*/ 1164,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x10591*/ 1375,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1058f*/ 1373,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x10581*/ 1360,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e4f*/ 1477,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xab76*/ 1156,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x10585*/ 1364,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xab7a*/ 1160,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e5c*/ 1490,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xab78*/ 1158,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e51*/ 1479
+    };
+
+  if (code <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && code >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseFold_11_hash(code);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        {
+          register short s = wordlist[key];
+
+          if (s >= 0 && code1_equal(code, CaseFold_11_Table[s].from))
+            return &CaseFold_11_Table[s].to;
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static const CaseUnfold_11_Type CaseUnfold_11_Table[] = {
+#define CaseUnfold_11 (*(CaseUnfold_11_Type (*)[1395])(CaseUnfold_11_Table+0))
+  {0x0061, {1|U, {0x0041}}},
+  {0x0062, {1|U, {0x0042}}},
+  {0x0063, {1|U, {0x0043}}},
+  {0x0064, {1|U, {0x0044}}},
+  {0x0065, {1|U, {0x0045}}},
+  {0x0066, {1|U, {0x0046}}},
+  {0x0067, {1|U, {0x0047}}},
+  {0x0068, {1|U, {0x0048}}},
+  {0x006a, {1|U, {0x004a}}},
+  {0x006b, {2|U, {0x004b, 0x212a}}},
+  {0x006c, {1|U, {0x004c}}},
+  {0x006d, {1|U, {0x004d}}},
+  {0x006e, {1|U, {0x004e}}},
+  {0x006f, {1|U, {0x004f}}},
+  {0x0070, {1|U, {0x0050}}},
+  {0x0071, {1|U, {0x0051}}},
+  {0x0072, {1|U, {0x0052}}},
+  {0x0073, {2|U, {0x0053, 0x017f}}},
+  {0x0074, {1|U, {0x0054}}},
+  {0x0075, {1|U, {0x0055}}},
+  {0x0076, {1|U, {0x0056}}},
+  {0x0077, {1|U, {0x0057}}},
+  {0x0078, {1|U, {0x0058}}},
+  {0x0079, {1|U, {0x0059}}},
+  {0x007a, {1|U, {0x005a}}},
+  {0x00e0, {1|U, {0x00c0}}},
+  {0x00e1, {1|U, {0x00c1}}},
+  {0x00e2, {1|U, {0x00c2}}},
+  {0x00e3, {1|U, {0x00c3}}},
+  {0x00e4, {1|U, {0x00c4}}},
+  {0x00e5, {2|U, {0x00c5, 0x212b}}},
+  {0x00e6, {1|U, {0x00c6}}},
+  {0x00e7, {1|U, {0x00c7}}},
+  {0x00e8, {1|U, {0x00c8}}},
+  {0x00e9, {1|U, {0x00c9}}},
+  {0x00ea, {1|U, {0x00ca}}},
+  {0x00eb, {1|U, {0x00cb}}},
+  {0x00ec, {1|U, {0x00cc}}},
+  {0x00ed, {1|U, {0x00cd}}},
+  {0x00ee, {1|U, {0x00ce}}},
+  {0x00ef, {1|U, {0x00cf}}},
+  {0x00f0, {1|U, {0x00d0}}},
+  {0x00f1, {1|U, {0x00d1}}},
+  {0x00f2, {1|U, {0x00d2}}},
+  {0x00f3, {1|U, {0x00d3}}},
+  {0x00f4, {1|U, {0x00d4}}},
+  {0x00f5, {1|U, {0x00d5}}},
+  {0x00f6, {1|U, {0x00d6}}},
+  {0x00f8, {1|U, {0x00d8}}},
+  {0x00f9, {1|U, {0x00d9}}},
+  {0x00fa, {1|U, {0x00da}}},
+  {0x00fb, {1|U, {0x00db}}},
+  {0x00fc, {1|U, {0x00dc}}},
+  {0x00fd, {1|U, {0x00dd}}},
+  {0x00fe, {1|U, {0x00de}}},
+  {0x00ff, {1|U, {0x0178}}},
+  {0x0101, {1|U, {0x0100}}},
+  {0x0103, {1|U, {0x0102}}},
+  {0x0105, {1|U, {0x0104}}},
+  {0x0107, {1|U, {0x0106}}},
+  {0x0109, {1|U, {0x0108}}},
+  {0x010b, {1|U, {0x010a}}},
+  {0x010d, {1|U, {0x010c}}},
+  {0x010f, {1|U, {0x010e}}},
+  {0x0111, {1|U, {0x0110}}},
+  {0x0113, {1|U, {0x0112}}},
+  {0x0115, {1|U, {0x0114}}},
+  {0x0117, {1|U, {0x0116}}},
+  {0x0119, {1|U, {0x0118}}},
+  {0x011b, {1|U, {0x011a}}},
+  {0x011d, {1|U, {0x011c}}},
+  {0x011f, {1|U, {0x011e}}},
+  {0x0121, {1|U, {0x0120}}},
+  {0x0123, {1|U, {0x0122}}},
+  {0x0125, {1|U, {0x0124}}},
+  {0x0127, {1|U, {0x0126}}},
+  {0x0129, {1|U, {0x0128}}},
+  {0x012b, {1|U, {0x012a}}},
+  {0x012d, {1|U, {0x012c}}},
+  {0x012f, {1|U, {0x012e}}},
+  {0x0133, {1|U, {0x0132}}},
+  {0x0135, {1|U, {0x0134}}},
+  {0x0137, {1|U, {0x0136}}},
+  {0x013a, {1|U, {0x0139}}},
+  {0x013c, {1|U, {0x013b}}},
+  {0x013e, {1|U, {0x013d}}},
+  {0x0140, {1|U, {0x013f}}},
+  {0x0142, {1|U, {0x0141}}},
+  {0x0144, {1|U, {0x0143}}},
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+  {0x104e3, {1|U, {0x104bb}}},
+  {0x104e4, {1|U, {0x104bc}}},
+  {0x104e5, {1|U, {0x104bd}}},
+  {0x104e6, {1|U, {0x104be}}},
+  {0x104e7, {1|U, {0x104bf}}},
+  {0x104e8, {1|U, {0x104c0}}},
+  {0x104e9, {1|U, {0x104c1}}},
+  {0x104ea, {1|U, {0x104c2}}},
+  {0x104eb, {1|U, {0x104c3}}},
+  {0x104ec, {1|U, {0x104c4}}},
+  {0x104ed, {1|U, {0x104c5}}},
+  {0x104ee, {1|U, {0x104c6}}},
+  {0x104ef, {1|U, {0x104c7}}},
+  {0x104f0, {1|U, {0x104c8}}},
+  {0x104f1, {1|U, {0x104c9}}},
+  {0x104f2, {1|U, {0x104ca}}},
+  {0x104f3, {1|U, {0x104cb}}},
+  {0x104f4, {1|U, {0x104cc}}},
+  {0x104f5, {1|U, {0x104cd}}},
+  {0x104f6, {1|U, {0x104ce}}},
+  {0x104f7, {1|U, {0x104cf}}},
+  {0x104f8, {1|U, {0x104d0}}},
+  {0x104f9, {1|U, {0x104d1}}},
+  {0x104fa, {1|U, {0x104d2}}},
+  {0x104fb, {1|U, {0x104d3}}},
+  {0x10597, {1|U, {0x10570}}},
+  {0x10598, {1|U, {0x10571}}},
+  {0x10599, {1|U, {0x10572}}},
+  {0x1059a, {1|U, {0x10573}}},
+  {0x1059b, {1|U, {0x10574}}},
+  {0x1059c, {1|U, {0x10575}}},
+  {0x1059d, {1|U, {0x10576}}},
+  {0x1059e, {1|U, {0x10577}}},
+  {0x1059f, {1|U, {0x10578}}},
+  {0x105a0, {1|U, {0x10579}}},
+  {0x105a1, {1|U, {0x1057a}}},
+  {0x105a3, {1|U, {0x1057c}}},
+  {0x105a4, {1|U, {0x1057d}}},
+  {0x105a5, {1|U, {0x1057e}}},
+  {0x105a6, {1|U, {0x1057f}}},
+  {0x105a7, {1|U, {0x10580}}},
+  {0x105a8, {1|U, {0x10581}}},
+  {0x105a9, {1|U, {0x10582}}},
+  {0x105aa, {1|U, {0x10583}}},
+  {0x105ab, {1|U, {0x10584}}},
+  {0x105ac, {1|U, {0x10585}}},
+  {0x105ad, {1|U, {0x10586}}},
+  {0x105ae, {1|U, {0x10587}}},
+  {0x105af, {1|U, {0x10588}}},
+  {0x105b0, {1|U, {0x10589}}},
+  {0x105b1, {1|U, {0x1058a}}},
+  {0x105b3, {1|U, {0x1058c}}},
+  {0x105b4, {1|U, {0x1058d}}},
+  {0x105b5, {1|U, {0x1058e}}},
+  {0x105b6, {1|U, {0x1058f}}},
+  {0x105b7, {1|U, {0x10590}}},
+  {0x105b8, {1|U, {0x10591}}},
+  {0x105b9, {1|U, {0x10592}}},
+  {0x105bb, {1|U, {0x10594}}},
+  {0x105bc, {1|U, {0x10595}}},
+  {0x10cc0, {1|U, {0x10c80}}},
+  {0x10cc1, {1|U, {0x10c81}}},
+  {0x10cc2, {1|U, {0x10c82}}},
+  {0x10cc3, {1|U, {0x10c83}}},
+  {0x10cc4, {1|U, {0x10c84}}},
+  {0x10cc5, {1|U, {0x10c85}}},
+  {0x10cc6, {1|U, {0x10c86}}},
+  {0x10cc7, {1|U, {0x10c87}}},
+  {0x10cc8, {1|U, {0x10c88}}},
+  {0x10cc9, {1|U, {0x10c89}}},
+  {0x10cca, {1|U, {0x10c8a}}},
+  {0x10ccb, {1|U, {0x10c8b}}},
+  {0x10ccc, {1|U, {0x10c8c}}},
+  {0x10ccd, {1|U, {0x10c8d}}},
+  {0x10cce, {1|U, {0x10c8e}}},
+  {0x10ccf, {1|U, {0x10c8f}}},
+  {0x10cd0, {1|U, {0x10c90}}},
+  {0x10cd1, {1|U, {0x10c91}}},
+  {0x10cd2, {1|U, {0x10c92}}},
+  {0x10cd3, {1|U, {0x10c93}}},
+  {0x10cd4, {1|U, {0x10c94}}},
+  {0x10cd5, {1|U, {0x10c95}}},
+  {0x10cd6, {1|U, {0x10c96}}},
+  {0x10cd7, {1|U, {0x10c97}}},
+  {0x10cd8, {1|U, {0x10c98}}},
+  {0x10cd9, {1|U, {0x10c99}}},
+  {0x10cda, {1|U, {0x10c9a}}},
+  {0x10cdb, {1|U, {0x10c9b}}},
+  {0x10cdc, {1|U, {0x10c9c}}},
+  {0x10cdd, {1|U, {0x10c9d}}},
+  {0x10cde, {1|U, {0x10c9e}}},
+  {0x10cdf, {1|U, {0x10c9f}}},
+  {0x10ce0, {1|U, {0x10ca0}}},
+  {0x10ce1, {1|U, {0x10ca1}}},
+  {0x10ce2, {1|U, {0x10ca2}}},
+  {0x10ce3, {1|U, {0x10ca3}}},
+  {0x10ce4, {1|U, {0x10ca4}}},
+  {0x10ce5, {1|U, {0x10ca5}}},
+  {0x10ce6, {1|U, {0x10ca6}}},
+  {0x10ce7, {1|U, {0x10ca7}}},
+  {0x10ce8, {1|U, {0x10ca8}}},
+  {0x10ce9, {1|U, {0x10ca9}}},
+  {0x10cea, {1|U, {0x10caa}}},
+  {0x10ceb, {1|U, {0x10cab}}},
+  {0x10cec, {1|U, {0x10cac}}},
+  {0x10ced, {1|U, {0x10cad}}},
+  {0x10cee, {1|U, {0x10cae}}},
+  {0x10cef, {1|U, {0x10caf}}},
+  {0x10cf0, {1|U, {0x10cb0}}},
+  {0x10cf1, {1|U, {0x10cb1}}},
+  {0x10cf2, {1|U, {0x10cb2}}},
+  {0x118c0, {1|U, {0x118a0}}},
+  {0x118c1, {1|U, {0x118a1}}},
+  {0x118c2, {1|U, {0x118a2}}},
+  {0x118c3, {1|U, {0x118a3}}},
+  {0x118c4, {1|U, {0x118a4}}},
+  {0x118c5, {1|U, {0x118a5}}},
+  {0x118c6, {1|U, {0x118a6}}},
+  {0x118c7, {1|U, {0x118a7}}},
+  {0x118c8, {1|U, {0x118a8}}},
+  {0x118c9, {1|U, {0x118a9}}},
+  {0x118ca, {1|U, {0x118aa}}},
+  {0x118cb, {1|U, {0x118ab}}},
+  {0x118cc, {1|U, {0x118ac}}},
+  {0x118cd, {1|U, {0x118ad}}},
+  {0x118ce, {1|U, {0x118ae}}},
+  {0x118cf, {1|U, {0x118af}}},
+  {0x118d0, {1|U, {0x118b0}}},
+  {0x118d1, {1|U, {0x118b1}}},
+  {0x118d2, {1|U, {0x118b2}}},
+  {0x118d3, {1|U, {0x118b3}}},
+  {0x118d4, {1|U, {0x118b4}}},
+  {0x118d5, {1|U, {0x118b5}}},
+  {0x118d6, {1|U, {0x118b6}}},
+  {0x118d7, {1|U, {0x118b7}}},
+  {0x118d8, {1|U, {0x118b8}}},
+  {0x118d9, {1|U, {0x118b9}}},
+  {0x118da, {1|U, {0x118ba}}},
+  {0x118db, {1|U, {0x118bb}}},
+  {0x118dc, {1|U, {0x118bc}}},
+  {0x118dd, {1|U, {0x118bd}}},
+  {0x118de, {1|U, {0x118be}}},
+  {0x118df, {1|U, {0x118bf}}},
+  {0x16e60, {1|U, {0x16e40}}},
+  {0x16e61, {1|U, {0x16e41}}},
+  {0x16e62, {1|U, {0x16e42}}},
+  {0x16e63, {1|U, {0x16e43}}},
+  {0x16e64, {1|U, {0x16e44}}},
+  {0x16e65, {1|U, {0x16e45}}},
+  {0x16e66, {1|U, {0x16e46}}},
+  {0x16e67, {1|U, {0x16e47}}},
+  {0x16e68, {1|U, {0x16e48}}},
+  {0x16e69, {1|U, {0x16e49}}},
+  {0x16e6a, {1|U, {0x16e4a}}},
+  {0x16e6b, {1|U, {0x16e4b}}},
+  {0x16e6c, {1|U, {0x16e4c}}},
+  {0x16e6d, {1|U, {0x16e4d}}},
+  {0x16e6e, {1|U, {0x16e4e}}},
+  {0x16e6f, {1|U, {0x16e4f}}},
+  {0x16e70, {1|U, {0x16e50}}},
+  {0x16e71, {1|U, {0x16e51}}},
+  {0x16e72, {1|U, {0x16e52}}},
+  {0x16e73, {1|U, {0x16e53}}},
+  {0x16e74, {1|U, {0x16e54}}},
+  {0x16e75, {1|U, {0x16e55}}},
+  {0x16e76, {1|U, {0x16e56}}},
+  {0x16e77, {1|U, {0x16e57}}},
+  {0x16e78, {1|U, {0x16e58}}},
+  {0x16e79, {1|U, {0x16e59}}},
+  {0x16e7a, {1|U, {0x16e5a}}},
+  {0x16e7b, {1|U, {0x16e5b}}},
+  {0x16e7c, {1|U, {0x16e5c}}},
+  {0x16e7d, {1|U, {0x16e5d}}},
+  {0x16e7e, {1|U, {0x16e5e}}},
+  {0x16e7f, {1|U, {0x16e5f}}},
+  {0x1e922, {1|U, {0x1e900}}},
+  {0x1e923, {1|U, {0x1e901}}},
+  {0x1e924, {1|U, {0x1e902}}},
+  {0x1e925, {1|U, {0x1e903}}},
+  {0x1e926, {1|U, {0x1e904}}},
+  {0x1e927, {1|U, {0x1e905}}},
+  {0x1e928, {1|U, {0x1e906}}},
+  {0x1e929, {1|U, {0x1e907}}},
+  {0x1e92a, {1|U, {0x1e908}}},
+  {0x1e92b, {1|U, {0x1e909}}},
+  {0x1e92c, {1|U, {0x1e90a}}},
+  {0x1e92d, {1|U, {0x1e90b}}},
+  {0x1e92e, {1|U, {0x1e90c}}},
+  {0x1e92f, {1|U, {0x1e90d}}},
+  {0x1e930, {1|U, {0x1e90e}}},
+  {0x1e931, {1|U, {0x1e90f}}},
+  {0x1e932, {1|U, {0x1e910}}},
+  {0x1e933, {1|U, {0x1e911}}},
+  {0x1e934, {1|U, {0x1e912}}},
+  {0x1e935, {1|U, {0x1e913}}},
+  {0x1e936, {1|U, {0x1e914}}},
+  {0x1e937, {1|U, {0x1e915}}},
+  {0x1e938, {1|U, {0x1e916}}},
+  {0x1e939, {1|U, {0x1e917}}},
+  {0x1e93a, {1|U, {0x1e918}}},
+  {0x1e93b, {1|U, {0x1e919}}},
+  {0x1e93c, {1|U, {0x1e91a}}},
+  {0x1e93d, {1|U, {0x1e91b}}},
+  {0x1e93e, {1|U, {0x1e91c}}},
+  {0x1e93f, {1|U, {0x1e91d}}},
+  {0x1e940, {1|U, {0x1e91e}}},
+  {0x1e941, {1|U, {0x1e91f}}},
+  {0x1e942, {1|U, {0x1e920}}},
+  {0x1e943, {1|U, {0x1e921}}},
+#define CaseUnfold_11_Locale (*(CaseUnfold_11_Type (*)[1])(CaseUnfold_11_Table+1395))
+  {0x0069, {1|U, {0x0049}}},
+};
+
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_lookup -n  */
+
+/* maximum key range = 2771, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+static unsigned int
+onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_hash(const OnigCodePoint code)
+{
+  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
+    {
+         1, 2774,    2,    2,    4,  421,    9,  371,  231,  463,
+        37,   20,    2,    3,  419,  408, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,
+      2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,  112,
+      2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,  120, 2774, 2774,
+      2774, 2774, 2774,    1, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,
+      2774, 2774, 2774,  355, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774, 2774,
+      2774, 2774,   10,    9,    7,    8,  244,  689,  226,  993,
+       561,  710,  104, 1429,   36, 1190,   28,   15,  114, 1768,
+       241, 1003,   87,  285,   26, 1399,   78, 1360,    7, 1455,
+        90, 1076,  113,   10,  724, 1460,  167, 1727,  155, 1040,
+        67,  754,   66,  705,  246,  886,  331, 1140,  430, 1251,
+       864,  768,  643, 1064, 1591,  865,  834,  720, 1700,  671,
+      1581,  657, 1794,  842, 1782, 1050, 1537, 1024, 1760,  814,
+       975,  440, 1187,  407, 1440,  951, 1384,  909, 1320,  555,
+      1567,  541, 1723,  525,  383,  501, 1179,  250, 1596,  342,
+      1575,  352, 1501,  194, 1559,   70, 1512,   85, 1509,  129,
+       467,  100, 1413,    1, 1485,   25, 1351,   35, 1088,   55,
+      1262,   45, 1277,  160, 1245,  317,  118,  220, 1300,  596,
+      1100,  373, 1632,  617, 1337, 1236, 1500, 1152,  148,  793,
+      1538,  979,  385, 1228
+    };
+  return asso_values[bits_of(code, 2)+66] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 1)+4] + asso_values[bits_of(code, 0)];
+}
+
+static const CodePointList3 *
+onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_lookup(const OnigCodePoint code)
+{
+  enum
+    {
+      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x61,
+      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x1e943,
+      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 1396,
+      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
+      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 3,
+      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 3,
+      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 2773
+    };
+
+  static const short wordlist[] =
+    {
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x13e1*/ 589,
+      /*0x0461*/ 340,
+      /*0x04e1*/ 400,
+      /*0x0061*/ 0,
+      -1,
+      /*0x104e1*/ 1184,
+      /*0x1e61*/ 661,
+      /*0x1ee1*/ 720,
+      /*0x0161*/ 102,
+      /*0x2ce1*/ 953,
+      -1,
+      /*0x049b*/ 365,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x24e1*/ 840,
+      /*0x1e1b*/ 626,
+      /*0x048b*/ 357,
+      /*0x011b*/ 69,
+      /*0x2c9b*/ 918,
+      /*0x03e1*/ 280,
+      /*0x1e0b*/ 618,
+      /*0x1e8b*/ 682,
+      /*0x010b*/ 61,
+      /*0x2c8b*/ 910,
+      /*0x13e3*/ 591,
+      /*0x0463*/ 341,
+      /*0x04e3*/ 401,
+      /*0x0063*/ 2,
+      -1,
+      /*0x104e3*/ 1186,
+      /*0x1e63*/ 662,
+      /*0x1ee3*/ 721,
+      /*0x0163*/ 103,
+      /*0x2ce3*/ 954,
+      /*0x13e5*/ 593,
+      /*0x0465*/ 342,
+      /*0x04e5*/ 402,
+      /*0x0065*/ 4,
+      /*0x24e3*/ 842,
+      /*0x104e5*/ 1188,
+      /*0x1e65*/ 663,
+      /*0x1ee5*/ 722,
+      /*0x0165*/ 104,
+      /*0x03e3*/ 281,
+      /*0x13e9*/ 597,
+      /*0x0469*/ 344,
+      /*0x04e9*/ 404,
+      /*0x0069*/ 1395,
+      /*0x24e5*/ 844,
+      /*0x104e9*/ 1192,
+      /*0x1e69*/ 665,
+      /*0x1ee9*/ 724,
+      /*0x0169*/ 106,
+      /*0x03e5*/ 282,
+      /*0x13e7*/ 595,
+      /*0x0467*/ 343,
+      /*0x04e7*/ 403,
+      /*0x0067*/ 6,
+      /*0x24e9*/ 848,
+      /*0x104e7*/ 1190,
+      /*0x1e67*/ 664,
+      /*0x1ee7*/ 723,
+      /*0x0167*/ 105,
+      /*0x03e9*/ 284,
+      -1,
+      /*0x13a4*/ 528,
+      /*0x13a2*/ 526,
+      -1,
+      /*0x24e7*/ 846,
+      /*0x13d9*/ 581,
+      /*0x0459*/ 333,
+      /*0x04d9*/ 396,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03e7*/ 283,
+      /*0x104d9*/ 1176,
+      /*0x1e59*/ 657,
+      /*0x1ed9*/ 716,
+      /*0x0159*/ 98,
+      /*0x2cd9*/ 949,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x24d9*/ 832,
+      /*0x13db*/ 583,
+      /*0x045b*/ 335,
+      /*0x04db*/ 397,
+      /*0xa761*/ 1065,
+      /*0x03d9*/ 276,
+      /*0x104db*/ 1178,
+      /*0x1e5b*/ 658,
+      /*0x1edb*/ 717,
+      /*0x015b*/ 99,
+      /*0x2cdb*/ 950,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x24db*/ 834,
+      /*0x13df*/ 587,
+      /*0x045f*/ 339,
+      /*0x04df*/ 399,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03db*/ 277,
+      /*0x104df*/ 1182,
+      /*0x1e5f*/ 660,
+      /*0x1edf*/ 719,
+      /*0x015f*/ 101,
+      /*0x2cdf*/ 952,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa763*/ 1066,
+      /*0x2c61*/ 897,
+      /*0x24df*/ 838,
+      /*0x10ce1*/ 1279,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x13ee*/ 602,
+      /*0x03df*/ 279,
+      /*0x10e1*/ 495,
+      /*0x006e*/ 12,
+      /*0xa765*/ 1067,
+      /*0x104ee*/ 1197,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2cee*/ 956,
+      -1,
+      /*0x13dd*/ 585,
+      /*0x045d*/ 337,
+      /*0x04dd*/ 398,
+      /*0xa769*/ 1069,
+      -1,
+      /*0x104dd*/ 1180,
+      /*0x1e5d*/ 659,
+      /*0x1edd*/ 718,
+      /*0x015d*/ 100,
+      /*0x2cdd*/ 951,
+      /*0x10ce3*/ 1281,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa767*/ 1068,
+      /*0x24dd*/ 836,
+      /*0x10e3*/ 497,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c65*/ 898,
+      /*0x03dd*/ 278,
+      /*0x10ce5*/ 1283,
+      -1,
+      /*0x007a*/ 24,
+      -1,
+      /*0x104fa*/ 1209,
+      /*0x10e5*/ 499,
+      /*0x13a0*/ 524,
+      /*0x017a*/ 114,
+      /*0xa759*/ 1061,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10ce9*/ 1287,
+      /*0x13eb*/ 599,
+      /*0x046b*/ 345,
+      /*0x04eb*/ 405,
+      /*0x006b*/ 9,
+      /*0x10e9*/ 503,
+      /*0x104eb*/ 1194,
+      /*0x1e6b*/ 666,
+      /*0x1eeb*/ 725,
+      /*0x016b*/ 107,
+      /*0x10ce7*/ 1285,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa75b*/ 1062,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10e7*/ 501,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x03eb*/ 285,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c59*/ 890,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10cd9*/ 1271,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa75f*/ 1064,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10d9*/ 487,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x13d7*/ 579,
+      /*0x0457*/ 331,
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+      /*0x00e8*/ 33,
+      /*0x1f44*/ 770,
+      /*0xa793*/ 1082,
+      /*0x0217*/ 176,
+      /*0x16e72*/ 1347,
+      /*0x2c54*/ 885,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10cd4*/ 1266,
+      /*0x021d*/ 179,
+      -1,
+      /*0xa681*/ 1021,
+      /*0x2c36*/ 855,
+      /*0x10d4*/ 482,
+      /*0x056a*/ 449,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00ea*/ 35,
+      /*0x1e92b*/ 1370,
+      -1,
+      /*0x13b4*/ 544,
+      /*0x0434*/ 296,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2c30*/ 849,
+      /*0x10434*/ 1147,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c52*/ 883,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10cd2*/ 1264,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2179*/ 815,
+      /*0xa685*/ 1023,
+      /*0xa787*/ 1079,
+      /*0x10d2*/ 480,
+      /*0x2d03*/ 961,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0570*/ 455,
+      /*0x03b4*/ 249,
+      /*0x00f0*/ 41,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x13cc*/ 568,
+      /*0x044c*/ 320,
+      /*0x04cc*/ 389,
+      /*0x2d0f*/ 973,
+      /*0x1044c*/ 1171,
+      /*0x1f62*/ 778,
+      /*0x049f*/ 367,
+      /*0x0195*/ 123,
+      /*0x0256*/ 204,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e1f*/ 628,
+      -1,
+      /*0x011f*/ 71,
+      /*0x2c9f*/ 920,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e79*/ 1354,
+      /*0x025c*/ 208,
+      /*0xa797*/ 1084,
+      /*0x118c6*/ 1303,
+      /*0x03cc*/ 272,
+      /*0x1f78*/ 792,
+      -1,
+      /*0xa79d*/ 1087,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x10f4*/ 514,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x01c6*/ 138,
+      /*0x0576*/ 461,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00f6*/ 47,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x13be*/ 554,
+      /*0x043e*/ 306,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2d21*/ 991,
+      /*0x1043e*/ 1157,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x023c*/ 190,
+      /*0x013e*/ 85,
+      /*0x0564*/ 443,
+      /*0x048d*/ 358,
+      /*0x00e4*/ 29,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e0d*/ 619,
+      /*0x1e8d*/ 683,
+      /*0x010d*/ 62,
+      /*0x2c8d*/ 911,
+      /*0x0515*/ 426,
+      /*0x03be*/ 259,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f7c*/ 796,
+      /*0x13ba*/ 550,
+      /*0x043a*/ 302,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1043a*/ 1153,
+      -1,
+      /*0x217f*/ 821,
+      -1,
+      /*0x013a*/ 83,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x13b8*/ 548,
+      /*0x0438*/ 300,
+      /*0x2177*/ 813,
+      /*0x118c4*/ 1301,
+      /*0x10438*/ 1151,
+      /*0x2d19*/ 983,
+      -1,
+      /*0x03ba*/ 255,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0254*/ 203,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c34*/ 853,
+      /*0x03b8*/ 253,
+      /*0x16e7f*/ 1360,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x0513*/ 425,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e77*/ 1352,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f36*/ 764,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0252*/ 201,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e6c*/ 1341,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00e0*/ 25,
+      /*0x1f30*/ 758,
+      /*0x2c4c*/ 877,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10ccc*/ 1258,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0507*/ 419,
+      /*0x16e68*/ 1337,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa7ca*/ 1103,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x118d6*/ 1319,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2170*/ 806,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e6a*/ 1339,
+      -1,
+      /*0x10597*/ 1211,
+      /*0x118dc*/ 1325,
+      /*0x1fd0*/ 800,
+      -1,
+      /*0x118da*/ 1323,
+      /*0x1059d*/ 1217,
+      /*0x01d6*/ 145,
+      /*0x2c3e*/ 863,
+      /*0x0517*/ 427,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1f74*/ 788,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x051d*/ 430,
+      /*0x01dc*/ 148,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x01da*/ 147,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff47*/ 1115,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e70*/ 1345,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0287*/ 227,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2c3a*/ 859,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2176*/ 812,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0562*/ 441,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00e2*/ 27,
+      /*0x2c38*/ 857,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d09*/ 967,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x118d8*/ 1321,
+      -1,
+      /*0x0578*/ 463,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00f8*/ 48,
+      -1,
+      /*0x029d*/ 234,
+      /*0x16e76*/ 1351,
+      /*0x118ca*/ 1307,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff45*/ 1113,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x01d8*/ 146,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x118d4*/ 1317,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e64*/ 1333,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f34*/ 762,
+      -1,
+      /*0x01d4*/ 144,
+      -1,
+      /*0x105bc*/ 1245,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01b6*/ 134,
+      -1,
+      /*0x118d2*/ 1315,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x057c*/ 467,
+      /*0x021f*/ 180,
+      /*0x00fc*/ 52,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x01b0*/ 132,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01d2*/ 143,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e93c*/ 1387,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x105b6*/ 1240,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa683*/ 1022,
+      -1,
+      /*0x020d*/ 171,
+      /*0x16e60*/ 1329,
+      -1,
+      /*0x105b0*/ 1235,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa68f*/ 1028,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa79f*/ 1088,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e936*/ 1381,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e930*/ 1375,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0574*/ 459,
+      -1,
+      /*0x00f4*/ 45,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x2178*/ 814,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01b4*/ 133,
+      /*0x16e62*/ 1331,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0xa699*/ 1033,
+      /*0x118cc*/ 1309,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d15*/ 979,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e78*/ 1353,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x01cc*/ 140,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x217c*/ 818,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1fe0*/ 802,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x105b4*/ 1238,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d13*/ 977,
+      -1,
+      /*0x16e7c*/ 1357,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1059f*/ 1219,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x051f*/ 431,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1e934*/ 1379,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d07*/ 965,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff50*/ 1124,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff42*/ 1110,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d17*/ 981,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d1d*/ 987,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x050d*/ 422,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2174*/ 810,
+      /*0xa689*/ 1025,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x105b8*/ 1242,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e93e*/ 1389,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x16e74*/ 1349,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e93a*/ 1385,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1e938*/ 1383,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0x1fb0*/ 798,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff48*/ 1116,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff46*/ 1114,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa695*/ 1031,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xa693*/ 1030,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff44*/ 1112,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa687*/ 1024,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d1f*/ 989,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0xa697*/ 1032,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff56*/ 1130,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff5a*/ 1134,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x2d0d*/ 971,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff58*/ 1132,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff4a*/ 1118,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1,
+      /*0xff54*/ 1128,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1,
+      /*0xff52*/ 1126,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xff4c*/ 1120,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0xa68d*/ 1027
+    };
+
+  if (code <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && code >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_11_hash(code);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        {
+          register short s = wordlist[key];
+
+          if (s >= 0 && code1_equal(code, CaseUnfold_11_Table[s].from))
+            return &CaseUnfold_11_Table[s].to;
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static const CaseUnfold_12_Type CaseUnfold_12_Table[] = {
+#define CaseUnfold_12 (*(CaseUnfold_12_Type (*)[58])(CaseUnfold_12_Table+0))
+  {{0x0061, 0x02be}, {1, {0x1e9a}}},
+  {{0x0066, 0x0066}, {1, {0xfb00}}},
+  {{0x0066, 0x0069}, {1, {0xfb01}}},
+  {{0x0066, 0x006c}, {1, {0xfb02}}},
+  {{0x0068, 0x0331}, {1, {0x1e96}}},
+  {{0x006a, 0x030c}, {1, {0x01f0}}},
+  {{0x0073, 0x0073}, {2, {0x00df, 0x1e9e}}},
+  {{0x0073, 0x0074}, {2, {0xfb05, 0xfb06}}},
+  {{0x0074, 0x0308}, {1, {0x1e97}}},
+  {{0x0077, 0x030a}, {1, {0x1e98}}},
+  {{0x0079, 0x030a}, {1, {0x1e99}}},
+  {{0x02bc, 0x006e}, {1, {0x0149}}},
+  {{0x03ac, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fb4}}},
+  {{0x03ae, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fc4}}},
+  {{0x03b1, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fb6}}},
+  {{0x03b1, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fb3, 0x1fbc}}},
+  {{0x03b7, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fc6}}},
+  {{0x03b7, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fc3, 0x1fcc}}},
+  {{0x03b9, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fd6}}},
+  {{0x03c1, 0x0313}, {1, {0x1fe4}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0313}, {1, {0x1f50}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fe6}}},
+  {{0x03c9, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1ff6}}},
+  {{0x03c9, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1ff3, 0x1ffc}}},
+  {{0x03ce, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1ff4}}},
+  {{0x0565, 0x0582}, {1, {0x0587}}},
+  {{0x0574, 0x0565}, {1, {0xfb14}}},
+  {{0x0574, 0x056b}, {1, {0xfb15}}},
+  {{0x0574, 0x056d}, {1, {0xfb17}}},
+  {{0x0574, 0x0576}, {1, {0xfb13}}},
+  {{0x057e, 0x0576}, {1, {0xfb16}}},
+  {{0x1f00, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f80, 0x1f88}}},
+  {{0x1f01, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f81, 0x1f89}}},
+  {{0x1f02, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f82, 0x1f8a}}},
+  {{0x1f03, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f83, 0x1f8b}}},
+  {{0x1f04, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f84, 0x1f8c}}},
+  {{0x1f05, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f85, 0x1f8d}}},
+  {{0x1f06, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f86, 0x1f8e}}},
+  {{0x1f07, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f87, 0x1f8f}}},
+  {{0x1f20, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f90, 0x1f98}}},
+  {{0x1f21, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f91, 0x1f99}}},
+  {{0x1f22, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f92, 0x1f9a}}},
+  {{0x1f23, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f93, 0x1f9b}}},
+  {{0x1f24, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f94, 0x1f9c}}},
+  {{0x1f25, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f95, 0x1f9d}}},
+  {{0x1f26, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f96, 0x1f9e}}},
+  {{0x1f27, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1f97, 0x1f9f}}},
+  {{0x1f60, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa0, 0x1fa8}}},
+  {{0x1f61, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa1, 0x1fa9}}},
+  {{0x1f62, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa2, 0x1faa}}},
+  {{0x1f63, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa3, 0x1fab}}},
+  {{0x1f64, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa4, 0x1fac}}},
+  {{0x1f65, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa5, 0x1fad}}},
+  {{0x1f66, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa6, 0x1fae}}},
+  {{0x1f67, 0x03b9}, {2, {0x1fa7, 0x1faf}}},
+  {{0x1f70, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fb2}}},
+  {{0x1f74, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fc2}}},
+  {{0x1f7c, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1ff2}}},
+#define CaseUnfold_12_Locale (*(CaseUnfold_12_Type (*)[1])(CaseUnfold_12_Table+58))
+  {{0x0069, 0x0307}, {1, {0x0130}}},
+};
+
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3,4,5,6 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_lookup -n  */
+
+/* maximum key range = 71, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+static unsigned int
+onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_hash(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+       3, 58, 54, 57, 56, 16,  8,  2, 43, 82,
+       3,  1, 23, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82,  4,
+      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82,
+      82, 82, 52, 51, 50, 49, 48, 47, 46, 45,
+      82, 82, 82, 82, 43, 82, 42, 82, 82, 13,
+      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 11, 82,  1, 82, 82,
+      14, 82,  1, 82, 82, 31,  3, 82, 82, 30,
+      82, 82, 82, 10, 82, 82, 82, 82, 37, 82,
+      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82,
+      82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 82, 37, 15, 36, 35,
+      34, 17,  1, 33, 12,  4, 23, 23, 26, 21,
+      13, 82, 27, 82, 82,  2,  5, 82, 11, 16,
+      82, 15, 82, 82, 23, 82,  8, 82
+    };
+  return asso_values[bits_at(codes, 5)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 4)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 3)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 2)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 1)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 0)];
+}
+
+static const CodePointList2 *
+onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_lookup(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
+{
+  enum
+    {
+      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x61,
+      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x1f7c,
+      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 59,
+      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 6,
+      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 6,
+      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 11,
+      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 81
+    };
+
+  static const short wordlist[] =
+    {
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x1f66,0x03b9*/ 53,
+      /*0x1f07,0x03b9*/ 38,
+      /*0x1f00,0x03b9*/ 31,
+      /*0x0066,0x0066*/ 1,
+      /*0x1f74,0x03b9*/ 56,
+      /*0x0073,0x0073*/ 6,
+      /*0x0066,0x0069*/ 2,
+      /*0x1f06,0x03b9*/ 37,
+      /*0x0073,0x0074*/ 7,
+      /*0x03b9,0x0342*/ 18,
+      /*0x03c9,0x03b9*/ 23,
+      /*0x03b7,0x03b9*/ 17,
+      /*0x0069,0x0307*/ 58,
+      /*0x03b1,0x03b9*/ 15,
+      /*0x1f61,0x03b9*/ 48,
+      /*0x1f05,0x03b9*/ 36,
+      /*0x1f65,0x03b9*/ 52,
+      /*0x0574,0x0576*/ 29,
+      /*0x03c9,0x0342*/ 22,
+      /*0x03b7,0x0342*/ 16,
+      /*0x057e,0x0576*/ 30,
+      /*0x03b1,0x0342*/ 14,
+      /*0x1f7c,0x03b9*/ 57,
+      /*0x0574,0x0565*/ 26,
+      /*0x0079,0x030a*/ 10,
+      /*0x0077,0x030a*/ 9,
+      /*0x1f70,0x03b9*/ 55,
+      /*0x0574,0x056d*/ 28,
+      /*0x0066,0x006c*/ 3,
+      /*0x0574,0x056b*/ 27,
+      /*0x0061,0x02be*/ 0,
+      /*0x0068,0x0331*/ 4,
+      /*0x1f67,0x03b9*/ 54,
+      /*0x1f64,0x03b9*/ 51,
+      /*0x1f63,0x03b9*/ 50,
+      /*0x1f62,0x03b9*/ 49,
+      /*0x1f60,0x03b9*/ 47,
+      /*0x03ce,0x03b9*/ 24,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0342*/ 21,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0313*/ 20,
+      /*0x03c1,0x0313*/ 19,
+      /*0x02bc,0x006e*/ 11,
+      /*0x03ae,0x03b9*/ 13,
+      /*0x03ac,0x03b9*/ 12,
+      /*0x1f27,0x03b9*/ 46,
+      /*0x1f26,0x03b9*/ 45,
+      /*0x1f25,0x03b9*/ 44,
+      /*0x1f24,0x03b9*/ 43,
+      /*0x1f23,0x03b9*/ 42,
+      /*0x1f22,0x03b9*/ 41,
+      /*0x1f21,0x03b9*/ 40,
+      /*0x1f20,0x03b9*/ 39,
+      /*0x006a,0x030c*/ 5,
+      /*0x1f02,0x03b9*/ 33,
+      /*0x0074,0x0308*/ 8,
+      /*0x1f04,0x03b9*/ 35,
+      /*0x1f03,0x03b9*/ 34,
+      /*0x1f01,0x03b9*/ 32,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0565,0x0582*/ 25
+    };
+
+  if (codes[0] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[0] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE &&
+      codes[1] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[1] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_12_hash(codes);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        {
+          register short s = wordlist[key];
+
+          if (s >= 0 && code2_equal(codes, CaseUnfold_12_Table[s].from))
+            return &CaseUnfold_12_Table[s].to;
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static const CaseUnfold_13_Type CaseUnfold_13_Table[] = {
+#define CaseUnfold_13 (*(CaseUnfold_13_Type (*)[14])(CaseUnfold_13_Table+0))
+  {{0x0066, 0x0066, 0x0069}, {1, {0xfb03}}},
+  {{0x0066, 0x0066, 0x006c}, {1, {0xfb04}}},
+  {{0x03b1, 0x0342, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fb7}}},
+  {{0x03b7, 0x0342, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1fc7}}},
+  {{0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0300}, {1, {0x1fd2}}},
+  {{0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0301}, {2, {0x0390, 0x1fd3}}},
+  {{0x03b9, 0x0308, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fd7}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0300}, {1, {0x1fe2}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0301}, {2, {0x03b0, 0x1fe3}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0308, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1fe7}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0313, 0x0300}, {1, {0x1f52}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0313, 0x0301}, {1, {0x1f54}}},
+  {{0x03c5, 0x0313, 0x0342}, {1, {0x1f56}}},
+  {{0x03c9, 0x0342, 0x03b9}, {1, {0x1ff7}}},
+};
+
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -7 -k1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_hash -N onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_lookup -n  */
+
+/* maximum key range = 20, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+static unsigned int
+onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_hash(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+       7,  4, 47, 47, 47, 47,  1,  1,  2, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,  1,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 11,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 10, 47,  2, 47, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,  1, 47, 47,  1,
+      47, 47, 47,  9, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
+      47, 47,  1, 47, 47,  2, 47, 47,  1, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47,
+      47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47, 47
+    };
+  return asso_values[bits_at(codes, 8)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 7)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 6)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 5)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 4)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 3)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 2)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 1)] + asso_values[bits_at(codes, 0)];
+}
+
+static const CodePointList2 *
+onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_lookup(const OnigCodePoint *codes)
+{
+  enum
+    {
+      MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x66,
+      MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x3c9,
+      TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 14,
+      MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 9,
+      MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 9,
+      MIN_HASH_VALUE = 27,
+      MAX_HASH_VALUE = 46
+    };
+
+  static const short wordlist[] =
+    {
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0313,0x0342*/ 12,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0308,0x0342*/ 9,
+      /*0x03b9,0x0308,0x0342*/ 6,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0313,0x0301*/ 11,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0308,0x0301*/ 8,
+      /*0x03b9,0x0308,0x0301*/ 5,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0313,0x0300*/ 10,
+      /*0x03c5,0x0308,0x0300*/ 7,
+      /*0x03b9,0x0308,0x0300*/ 4,
+      /*0x03c9,0x0342,0x03b9*/ 13,
+      /*0x03b7,0x0342,0x03b9*/ 3,
+      /*0x03b1,0x0342,0x03b9*/ 2,
+      -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+      /*0x0066,0x0066,0x006c*/ 1,
+      /*0x0066,0x0066,0x0069*/ 0
+    };
+
+  if (codes[0] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[0] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE &&
+      codes[1] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[1] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE &&
+      codes[2] <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && codes[2] >= MIN_CODE_VALUE)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = onigenc_unicode_CaseUnfold_13_hash(codes);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        {
+          register short s = wordlist[key];
+
+          if (s >= 0 && code3_equal(codes, CaseUnfold_13_Table[s].from))
+            return &CaseUnfold_13_Table[s].to;
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static const OnigCodePoint CaseMappingSpecials[] = {
+    L(1)|0x039C,
+    L(2)|0x0053, 0x0073, L(2)|0x0053, 0x0053,
+    L(2)|0x02BC, 0x004E,
+    L(1)|0x0053,
+    L(1)|0x01C5,
+    L(2)|0x0064, 0x017D, L(1)|0x01C4,
+    L(1)|0x01C8,
+    L(2)|0x006C, 0x004A, L(1)|0x01C7,
+    L(1)|0x01CB,
+    L(2)|0x006E, 0x004A, L(1)|0x01CA,
+    L(2)|0x004A, 0x030C,
+    L(1)|0x01F2,
+    L(2)|0x0064, 0x005A, L(1)|0x01F1,
+    L(1)|0x0399,
+    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0301,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0301,
+    L(1)|0x03A3,
+    L(1)|0x0392,
+    L(1)|0x0398,
+    L(1)|0x03A6,
+    L(1)|0x03A0,
+    L(1)|0x039A,
+    L(1)|0x03A1,
+    L(1)|0x0395,
+    L(2)|0x0535, 0x0582, L(2)|0x0535, 0x0552,
+    L(1)|0x0412,
+    L(1)|0x0414,
+    L(1)|0x041E,
+    L(1)|0x0421,
+    L(1)|0x0422,
+    L(1)|0x0422,
+    L(1)|0x042A,
+    L(1)|0x0462,
+    L(1)|0xA64A,
+    L(2)|0x0048, 0x0331,
+    L(2)|0x0054, 0x0308,
+    L(2)|0x0057, 0x030A,
+    L(2)|0x0059, 0x030A,
+    L(2)|0x0041, 0x02BE,
+    L(1)|0x1E60,
+    L(1)|0x00DF,
+    L(2)|0x03A5, 0x0313,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0313, 0x0300,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0313, 0x0301,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0313, 0x0342,
+    L(1)|0x1F88, L(2)|0x1F08, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F89, L(2)|0x1F09, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F8A, L(2)|0x1F0A, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F8B, L(2)|0x1F0B, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F8C, L(2)|0x1F0C, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F8D, L(2)|0x1F0D, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F8E, L(2)|0x1F0E, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F8F, L(2)|0x1F0F, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F00, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F80, L(2)|0x1F08, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F01, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F81, L(2)|0x1F09, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F02, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F82, L(2)|0x1F0A, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F03, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F83, L(2)|0x1F0B, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F04, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F84, L(2)|0x1F0C, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F05, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F85, L(2)|0x1F0D, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F06, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F86, L(2)|0x1F0E, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F07, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F87, L(2)|0x1F0F, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F98, L(2)|0x1F28, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F99, L(2)|0x1F29, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F9A, L(2)|0x1F2A, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F9B, L(2)|0x1F2B, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F9C, L(2)|0x1F2C, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F9D, L(2)|0x1F2D, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F9E, L(2)|0x1F2E, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1F9F, L(2)|0x1F2F, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F20, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F90, L(2)|0x1F28, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F21, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F91, L(2)|0x1F29, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F22, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F92, L(2)|0x1F2A, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F23, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F93, L(2)|0x1F2B, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F24, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F94, L(2)|0x1F2C, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F25, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F95, L(2)|0x1F2D, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F26, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F96, L(2)|0x1F2E, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F27, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1F97, L(2)|0x1F2F, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FA8, L(2)|0x1F68, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FA9, L(2)|0x1F69, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FAA, L(2)|0x1F6A, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FAB, L(2)|0x1F6B, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FAC, L(2)|0x1F6C, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FAD, L(2)|0x1F6D, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FAE, L(2)|0x1F6E, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FAF, L(2)|0x1F6F, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F60, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA0, L(2)|0x1F68, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F61, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA1, L(2)|0x1F69, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F62, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA2, L(2)|0x1F6A, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F63, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA3, L(2)|0x1F6B, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F64, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA4, L(2)|0x1F6C, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F65, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA5, L(2)|0x1F6D, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F66, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA6, L(2)|0x1F6E, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1F67, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FA7, L(2)|0x1F6F, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1FBA, 0x0345, L(2)|0x1FBA, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FBC, L(2)|0x0391, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x0386, 0x0345, L(2)|0x0386, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x0391, 0x0342,
+    L(3)|0x0391, 0x0342, 0x0345, L(3)|0x0391, 0x0342, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x03B1, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FB3, L(2)|0x0391, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x1FCA, 0x0345, L(2)|0x1FCA, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FCC, L(2)|0x0397, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x0389, 0x0345, L(2)|0x0389, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x0397, 0x0342,
+    L(3)|0x0397, 0x0342, 0x0345, L(3)|0x0397, 0x0342, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x03B7, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FC3, L(2)|0x0397, 0x0399,
+    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0300,
+    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0301,
+    L(2)|0x0399, 0x0342,
+    L(3)|0x0399, 0x0308, 0x0342,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0300,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0301,
+    L(2)|0x03A1, 0x0313,
+    L(2)|0x03A5, 0x0342,
+    L(3)|0x03A5, 0x0308, 0x0342,
+    L(2)|0x1FFA, 0x0345, L(2)|0x1FFA, 0x0399,
+    L(1)|0x1FFC, L(2)|0x03A9, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x038F, 0x0345, L(2)|0x038F, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x03A9, 0x0342,
+    L(3)|0x03A9, 0x0342, 0x0345, L(3)|0x03A9, 0x0342, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x03C9, 0x0399, L(1)|0x1FF3, L(2)|0x03A9, 0x0399,
+    L(2)|0x0046, 0x0066, L(2)|0x0046, 0x0046,
+    L(2)|0x0046, 0x0069, L(2)|0x0046, 0x0049,
+    L(2)|0x0046, 0x006C, L(2)|0x0046, 0x004C,
+    L(3)|0x0046, 0x0066, 0x0069, L(3)|0x0046, 0x0046, 0x0049,
+    L(3)|0x0046, 0x0066, 0x006C, L(3)|0x0046, 0x0046, 0x004C,
+    L(2)|0x0053, 0x0074, L(2)|0x0053, 0x0054,
+    L(2)|0x0053, 0x0074, L(2)|0x0053, 0x0054,
+    L(2)|0x0544, 0x0576, L(2)|0x0544, 0x0546,
+    L(2)|0x0544, 0x0565, L(2)|0x0544, 0x0535,
+    L(2)|0x0544, 0x056B, L(2)|0x0544, 0x053B,
+    L(2)|0x054E, 0x0576, L(2)|0x054E, 0x0546,
+    L(2)|0x0544, 0x056D, L(2)|0x0544, 0x053D,
+};
diff --git a/enc/unicode/15.0.0/name2ctype.h b/enc/unicode/15.0.0/name2ctype.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6bbbb3512f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enc/unicode/15.0.0/name2ctype.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45690 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -7 -c -j1 -i1 -t -C -P -T -H uniname2ctype_hash -Q uniname2ctype_pool -N uniname2ctype_p  */
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+/* Computed positions: -k'1,3' */
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+/* Computed positions: -k'1-3,5-6,12,16,$' */
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* 'NEWLINE': [[:NEWLINE:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_NEWLINE[] = {
+	1,
+	0x000a, 0x000a,
+}; /* CR_NEWLINE */
+
+/* 'Alpha': [[:Alpha:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Alpha[] = {
+	732,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0370, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x05b0, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x0620, 0x0657,
+	0x0659, 0x065f,
+	0x066e, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
+	0x06e1, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ed, 0x06ef,
+	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x073f,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
+	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x0817,
+	0x081a, 0x082c,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
+	0x08d4, 0x08df,
+	0x08e3, 0x08e9,
+	0x08f0, 0x093b,
+	0x093d, 0x094c,
+	0x094e, 0x0950,
+	0x0955, 0x0963,
+	0x0971, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4c,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0af9, 0x0afc,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4c,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccc,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
+	0x0e4d, 0x0e4d,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ecd, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f83,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x1000, 0x1036,
+	0x1038, 0x1038,
+	0x103b, 0x103f,
+	0x1050, 0x108f,
+	0x109a, 0x109d,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1713,
+	0x171f, 0x1733,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17b6, 0x17c8,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x1938,
+	0x1950, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a61, 0x1a74,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1abf, 0x1ac0,
+	0x1acc, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b35, 0x1b43,
+	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bac, 0x1baf,
+	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
+	0x1be7, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c36,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
+	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1de7, 0x1df4,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa61f,
+	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66e,
+	0xa674, 0xa67b,
+	0xa67f, 0xa6ef,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa827,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c3,
+	0xa8c5, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa90a, 0xa92a,
+	0xa930, 0xa952,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9b4, 0xa9bf,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9ef,
+	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaabe,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf5,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabea,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x11045,
+	0x11071, 0x11075,
+	0x11080, 0x110b8,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x11100, 0x11132,
+	0x11144, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111bf,
+	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
+	0x111ce, 0x111cf,
+	0x111da, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11234,
+	0x11237, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112e8,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134c,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11400, 0x11441,
+	0x11443, 0x11445,
+	0x11447, 0x1144a,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c1,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115be,
+	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x1163e,
+	0x11640, 0x11640,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11680, 0x116b5,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172a,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x11838,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x1193f, 0x11942,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119df,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a35, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a97,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d41,
+	0x11d43, 0x11d43,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d96,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f40,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9e, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1e947, 0x1e947,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Alpha */
+
+/* 'Blank': [[:Blank:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Blank[] = {
+	8,
+	0x0009, 0x0009,
+	0x0020, 0x0020,
+	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
+	0x1680, 0x1680,
+	0x2000, 0x200a,
+	0x202f, 0x202f,
+	0x205f, 0x205f,
+	0x3000, 0x3000,
+}; /* CR_Blank */
+
+/* 'Cntrl': [[:Cntrl:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cntrl[] = {
+	2,
+	0x0000, 0x001f,
+	0x007f, 0x009f,
+}; /* CR_Cntrl */
+
+/* 'Digit': [[:Digit:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Digit[] = {
+	64,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0660, 0x0669,
+	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
+	0x07c0, 0x07c9,
+	0x0966, 0x096f,
+	0x09e6, 0x09ef,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a6f,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
+	0x1040, 0x1049,
+	0x1090, 0x1099,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1946, 0x194f,
+	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
+	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
+	0x1bb0, 0x1bb9,
+	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c50, 0x1c59,
+	0xa620, 0xa629,
+	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa900, 0xa909,
+	0xa9d0, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9f0, 0xa9f9,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x11066, 0x1106f,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11136, 0x1113f,
+	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11450, 0x11459,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11730, 0x11739,
+	0x118e0, 0x118e9,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11f50, 0x11f59,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e4f0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+}; /* CR_Digit */
+
+/* 'Graph': [[:Graph:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Graph[] = {
+	712,
+	0x0021, 0x007e,
+	0x00a1, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x200b, 0x2027,
+	0x202a, 0x202e,
+	0x2030, 0x205e,
+	0x2060, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3001, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xe000, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+	0x13000, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
+	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
+}; /* CR_Graph */
+
+/* 'Lower': [[:Lower:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lower[] = {
+	671,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00df, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
+	0x0101, 0x0101,
+	0x0103, 0x0103,
+	0x0105, 0x0105,
+	0x0107, 0x0107,
+	0x0109, 0x0109,
+	0x010b, 0x010b,
+	0x010d, 0x010d,
+	0x010f, 0x010f,
+	0x0111, 0x0111,
+	0x0113, 0x0113,
+	0x0115, 0x0115,
+	0x0117, 0x0117,
+	0x0119, 0x0119,
+	0x011b, 0x011b,
+	0x011d, 0x011d,
+	0x011f, 0x011f,
+	0x0121, 0x0121,
+	0x0123, 0x0123,
+	0x0125, 0x0125,
+	0x0127, 0x0127,
+	0x0129, 0x0129,
+	0x012b, 0x012b,
+	0x012d, 0x012d,
+	0x012f, 0x012f,
+	0x0131, 0x0131,
+	0x0133, 0x0133,
+	0x0135, 0x0135,
+	0x0137, 0x0138,
+	0x013a, 0x013a,
+	0x013c, 0x013c,
+	0x013e, 0x013e,
+	0x0140, 0x0140,
+	0x0142, 0x0142,
+	0x0144, 0x0144,
+	0x0146, 0x0146,
+	0x0148, 0x0149,
+	0x014b, 0x014b,
+	0x014d, 0x014d,
+	0x014f, 0x014f,
+	0x0151, 0x0151,
+	0x0153, 0x0153,
+	0x0155, 0x0155,
+	0x0157, 0x0157,
+	0x0159, 0x0159,
+	0x015b, 0x015b,
+	0x015d, 0x015d,
+	0x015f, 0x015f,
+	0x0161, 0x0161,
+	0x0163, 0x0163,
+	0x0165, 0x0165,
+	0x0167, 0x0167,
+	0x0169, 0x0169,
+	0x016b, 0x016b,
+	0x016d, 0x016d,
+	0x016f, 0x016f,
+	0x0171, 0x0171,
+	0x0173, 0x0173,
+	0x0175, 0x0175,
+	0x0177, 0x0177,
+	0x017a, 0x017a,
+	0x017c, 0x017c,
+	0x017e, 0x0180,
+	0x0183, 0x0183,
+	0x0185, 0x0185,
+	0x0188, 0x0188,
+	0x018c, 0x018d,
+	0x0192, 0x0192,
+	0x0195, 0x0195,
+	0x0199, 0x019b,
+	0x019e, 0x019e,
+	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
+	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
+	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
+	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
+	0x01aa, 0x01ab,
+	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
+	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
+	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
+	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
+	0x01b9, 0x01ba,
+	0x01bd, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c6, 0x01c6,
+	0x01c9, 0x01c9,
+	0x01cc, 0x01cc,
+	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
+	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
+	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
+	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
+	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
+	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
+	0x01da, 0x01da,
+	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
+	0x01df, 0x01df,
+	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
+	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
+	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
+	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
+	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
+	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
+	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
+	0x01ef, 0x01f0,
+	0x01f3, 0x01f3,
+	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
+	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
+	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
+	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
+	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
+	0x0201, 0x0201,
+	0x0203, 0x0203,
+	0x0205, 0x0205,
+	0x0207, 0x0207,
+	0x0209, 0x0209,
+	0x020b, 0x020b,
+	0x020d, 0x020d,
+	0x020f, 0x020f,
+	0x0211, 0x0211,
+	0x0213, 0x0213,
+	0x0215, 0x0215,
+	0x0217, 0x0217,
+	0x0219, 0x0219,
+	0x021b, 0x021b,
+	0x021d, 0x021d,
+	0x021f, 0x021f,
+	0x0221, 0x0221,
+	0x0223, 0x0223,
+	0x0225, 0x0225,
+	0x0227, 0x0227,
+	0x0229, 0x0229,
+	0x022b, 0x022b,
+	0x022d, 0x022d,
+	0x022f, 0x022f,
+	0x0231, 0x0231,
+	0x0233, 0x0239,
+	0x023c, 0x023c,
+	0x023f, 0x0240,
+	0x0242, 0x0242,
+	0x0247, 0x0247,
+	0x0249, 0x0249,
+	0x024b, 0x024b,
+	0x024d, 0x024d,
+	0x024f, 0x0293,
+	0x0295, 0x02b8,
+	0x02c0, 0x02c1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0371, 0x0371,
+	0x0373, 0x0373,
+	0x0377, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x0390, 0x0390,
+	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
+	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
+	0x03db, 0x03db,
+	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
+	0x03df, 0x03df,
+	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
+	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
+	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
+	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
+	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
+	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
+	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
+	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
+	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
+	0x03fb, 0x03fc,
+	0x0430, 0x045f,
+	0x0461, 0x0461,
+	0x0463, 0x0463,
+	0x0465, 0x0465,
+	0x0467, 0x0467,
+	0x0469, 0x0469,
+	0x046b, 0x046b,
+	0x046d, 0x046d,
+	0x046f, 0x046f,
+	0x0471, 0x0471,
+	0x0473, 0x0473,
+	0x0475, 0x0475,
+	0x0477, 0x0477,
+	0x0479, 0x0479,
+	0x047b, 0x047b,
+	0x047d, 0x047d,
+	0x047f, 0x047f,
+	0x0481, 0x0481,
+	0x048b, 0x048b,
+	0x048d, 0x048d,
+	0x048f, 0x048f,
+	0x0491, 0x0491,
+	0x0493, 0x0493,
+	0x0495, 0x0495,
+	0x0497, 0x0497,
+	0x0499, 0x0499,
+	0x049b, 0x049b,
+	0x049d, 0x049d,
+	0x049f, 0x049f,
+	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
+	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
+	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
+	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
+	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
+	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
+	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
+	0x04af, 0x04af,
+	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
+	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
+	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
+	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
+	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
+	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
+	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
+	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
+	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
+	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
+	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
+	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
+	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
+	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
+	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
+	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
+	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
+	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
+	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
+	0x04db, 0x04db,
+	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
+	0x04df, 0x04df,
+	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
+	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
+	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
+	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
+	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
+	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
+	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
+	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
+	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
+	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
+	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
+	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
+	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
+	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
+	0x0501, 0x0501,
+	0x0503, 0x0503,
+	0x0505, 0x0505,
+	0x0507, 0x0507,
+	0x0509, 0x0509,
+	0x050b, 0x050b,
+	0x050d, 0x050d,
+	0x050f, 0x050f,
+	0x0511, 0x0511,
+	0x0513, 0x0513,
+	0x0515, 0x0515,
+	0x0517, 0x0517,
+	0x0519, 0x0519,
+	0x051b, 0x051b,
+	0x051d, 0x051d,
+	0x051f, 0x051f,
+	0x0521, 0x0521,
+	0x0523, 0x0523,
+	0x0525, 0x0525,
+	0x0527, 0x0527,
+	0x0529, 0x0529,
+	0x052b, 0x052b,
+	0x052d, 0x052d,
+	0x052f, 0x052f,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x10ff,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
+	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
+	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
+	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
+	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
+	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
+	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
+	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
+	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
+	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
+	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
+	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
+	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
+	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
+	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
+	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
+	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
+	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
+	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
+	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
+	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
+	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
+	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
+	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
+	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
+	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
+	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
+	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
+	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
+	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
+	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
+	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
+	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
+	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
+	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
+	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
+	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
+	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
+	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
+	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
+	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
+	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
+	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
+	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
+	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
+	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
+	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
+	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
+	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
+	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
+	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
+	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
+	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
+	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
+	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
+	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
+	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
+	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
+	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
+	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
+	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
+	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
+	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
+	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
+	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
+	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
+	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
+	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
+	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
+	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
+	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
+	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
+	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
+	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
+	0x1e95, 0x1e9d,
+	0x1e9f, 0x1e9f,
+	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
+	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
+	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
+	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
+	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
+	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
+	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
+	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
+	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
+	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
+	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
+	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
+	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
+	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
+	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
+	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
+	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
+	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
+	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
+	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
+	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
+	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
+	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
+	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
+	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
+	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
+	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
+	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
+	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
+	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
+	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
+	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
+	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
+	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
+	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
+	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
+	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
+	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
+	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
+	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
+	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
+	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
+	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
+	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
+	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
+	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
+	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
+	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
+	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
+	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
+	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1f87,
+	0x1f90, 0x1f97,
+	0x1fa0, 0x1fa7,
+	0x1fb0, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x210a, 0x210a,
+	0x210e, 0x210f,
+	0x2113, 0x2113,
+	0x212f, 0x212f,
+	0x2134, 0x2134,
+	0x2139, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213d,
+	0x2146, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2170, 0x217f,
+	0x2184, 0x2184,
+	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
+	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
+	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
+	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
+	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
+	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
+	0x2c71, 0x2c71,
+	0x2c73, 0x2c74,
+	0x2c76, 0x2c7d,
+	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
+	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
+	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
+	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
+	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
+	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
+	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
+	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
+	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
+	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
+	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
+	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
+	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
+	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
+	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
+	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
+	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
+	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
+	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
+	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
+	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
+	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
+	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
+	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
+	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
+	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
+	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
+	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
+	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
+	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
+	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
+	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
+	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
+	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
+	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
+	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
+	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
+	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
+	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
+	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
+	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
+	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
+	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
+	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
+	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
+	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
+	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
+	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
+	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
+	0x2ce3, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
+	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa641, 0xa641,
+	0xa643, 0xa643,
+	0xa645, 0xa645,
+	0xa647, 0xa647,
+	0xa649, 0xa649,
+	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
+	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
+	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
+	0xa651, 0xa651,
+	0xa653, 0xa653,
+	0xa655, 0xa655,
+	0xa657, 0xa657,
+	0xa659, 0xa659,
+	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
+	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
+	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
+	0xa661, 0xa661,
+	0xa663, 0xa663,
+	0xa665, 0xa665,
+	0xa667, 0xa667,
+	0xa669, 0xa669,
+	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
+	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
+	0xa681, 0xa681,
+	0xa683, 0xa683,
+	0xa685, 0xa685,
+	0xa687, 0xa687,
+	0xa689, 0xa689,
+	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
+	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
+	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
+	0xa691, 0xa691,
+	0xa693, 0xa693,
+	0xa695, 0xa695,
+	0xa697, 0xa697,
+	0xa699, 0xa699,
+	0xa69b, 0xa69d,
+	0xa723, 0xa723,
+	0xa725, 0xa725,
+	0xa727, 0xa727,
+	0xa729, 0xa729,
+	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
+	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
+	0xa72f, 0xa731,
+	0xa733, 0xa733,
+	0xa735, 0xa735,
+	0xa737, 0xa737,
+	0xa739, 0xa739,
+	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
+	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
+	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
+	0xa741, 0xa741,
+	0xa743, 0xa743,
+	0xa745, 0xa745,
+	0xa747, 0xa747,
+	0xa749, 0xa749,
+	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
+	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
+	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
+	0xa751, 0xa751,
+	0xa753, 0xa753,
+	0xa755, 0xa755,
+	0xa757, 0xa757,
+	0xa759, 0xa759,
+	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
+	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
+	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
+	0xa761, 0xa761,
+	0xa763, 0xa763,
+	0xa765, 0xa765,
+	0xa767, 0xa767,
+	0xa769, 0xa769,
+	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
+	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
+	0xa76f, 0xa778,
+	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
+	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
+	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
+	0xa781, 0xa781,
+	0xa783, 0xa783,
+	0xa785, 0xa785,
+	0xa787, 0xa787,
+	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
+	0xa78e, 0xa78e,
+	0xa791, 0xa791,
+	0xa793, 0xa795,
+	0xa797, 0xa797,
+	0xa799, 0xa799,
+	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
+	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
+	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
+	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
+	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
+	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
+	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
+	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
+	0xa7af, 0xa7af,
+	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
+	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
+	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
+	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
+	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
+	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
+	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
+	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d5,
+	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
+	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa7f4,
+	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa7fa,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10428, 0x1044f,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10780, 0x10780,
+	0x10783, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118c0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1d41a, 0x1d433,
+	0x1d44e, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d467,
+	0x1d482, 0x1d49b,
+	0x1d4b6, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d4cf,
+	0x1d4ea, 0x1d503,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d537,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d56b,
+	0x1d586, 0x1d59f,
+	0x1d5ba, 0x1d5d3,
+	0x1d5ee, 0x1d607,
+	0x1d622, 0x1d63b,
+	0x1d656, 0x1d66f,
+	0x1d68a, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6e1,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d71b,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d755,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d78f,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7c9,
+	0x1d7cb, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
+	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
+}; /* CR_Lower */
+
+/* 'Print': [[:Print:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Print[] = {
+	709,
+	0x0020, 0x007e,
+	0x00a0, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2027,
+	0x202a, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xe000, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+	0x13000, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
+	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
+}; /* CR_Print */
+
+/* 'XPosixPunct': [[:Punct:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_XPosixPunct[] = {
+	186,
+	0x0021, 0x002f,
+	0x003a, 0x0040,
+	0x005b, 0x0060,
+	0x007b, 0x007e,
+	0x00a1, 0x00a1,
+	0x00a7, 0x00a7,
+	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
+	0x00b6, 0x00b7,
+	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
+	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x055a, 0x055f,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x05be, 0x05be,
+	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
+	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
+	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
+	0x05f3, 0x05f4,
+	0x0609, 0x060a,
+	0x060c, 0x060d,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061d, 0x061f,
+	0x066a, 0x066d,
+	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x07f7, 0x07f9,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0964, 0x0965,
+	0x0970, 0x0970,
+	0x09fd, 0x09fd,
+	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
+	0x0af0, 0x0af0,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c77,
+	0x0c84, 0x0c84,
+	0x0df4, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e4f, 0x0e4f,
+	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0f04, 0x0f12,
+	0x0f14, 0x0f14,
+	0x0f3a, 0x0f3d,
+	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
+	0x0fd0, 0x0fd4,
+	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
+	0x104a, 0x104f,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1360, 0x1368,
+	0x1400, 0x1400,
+	0x166e, 0x166e,
+	0x169b, 0x169c,
+	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
+	0x1735, 0x1736,
+	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
+	0x17d8, 0x17da,
+	0x1800, 0x180a,
+	0x1944, 0x1945,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aa6,
+	0x1aa8, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b5a, 0x1b60,
+	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
+	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
+	0x2010, 0x2027,
+	0x2030, 0x2043,
+	0x2045, 0x2051,
+	0x2053, 0x205e,
+	0x207d, 0x207e,
+	0x208d, 0x208e,
+	0x2308, 0x230b,
+	0x2329, 0x232a,
+	0x2768, 0x2775,
+	0x27c5, 0x27c6,
+	0x27e6, 0x27ef,
+	0x2983, 0x2998,
+	0x29d8, 0x29db,
+	0x29fc, 0x29fd,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2cfc,
+	0x2cfe, 0x2cff,
+	0x2d70, 0x2d70,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e2e,
+	0x2e30, 0x2e4f,
+	0x2e52, 0x2e5d,
+	0x3001, 0x3003,
+	0x3008, 0x3011,
+	0x3014, 0x301f,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0x303d, 0x303d,
+	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
+	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
+	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
+	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
+	0xa673, 0xa673,
+	0xa67e, 0xa67e,
+	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa874, 0xa877,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
+	0xa8f8, 0xa8fa,
+	0xa8fc, 0xa8fc,
+	0xa92e, 0xa92f,
+	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
+	0xa9c1, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
+	0xaade, 0xaadf,
+	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
+	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
+	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe61,
+	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
+	0xfe6a, 0xfe6b,
+	0xff01, 0xff03,
+	0xff05, 0xff0a,
+	0xff0c, 0xff0f,
+	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
+	0xff1f, 0xff20,
+	0xff3b, 0xff3d,
+	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
+	0xff5b, 0xff5b,
+	0xff5d, 0xff5d,
+	0xff5f, 0xff65,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
+	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10857, 0x10857,
+	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a7f, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10af0, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
+	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
+	0x11047, 0x1104d,
+	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
+	0x110be, 0x110c1,
+	0x11140, 0x11143,
+	0x11174, 0x11175,
+	0x111c5, 0x111c8,
+	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
+	0x111db, 0x111db,
+	0x111dd, 0x111df,
+	0x11238, 0x1123d,
+	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
+	0x1144b, 0x1144f,
+	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
+	0x114c6, 0x114c6,
+	0x115c1, 0x115d7,
+	0x11641, 0x11643,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x116b9, 0x116b9,
+	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
+	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
+	0x11944, 0x11946,
+	0x119e2, 0x119e2,
+	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
+	0x11a9a, 0x11a9c,
+	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c41, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c71,
+	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f43, 0x11f4f,
+	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12ff1, 0x12ff2,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b37, 0x16b3b,
+	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
+	0x16e97, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16fe2, 0x16fe2,
+	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
+	0x1da87, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+}; /* CR_XPosixPunct */
+
+/* 'Space': [[:Space:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Space[] = {
+	10,
+	0x0009, 0x000d,
+	0x0020, 0x0020,
+	0x0085, 0x0085,
+	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
+	0x1680, 0x1680,
+	0x2000, 0x200a,
+	0x2028, 0x2029,
+	0x202f, 0x202f,
+	0x205f, 0x205f,
+	0x3000, 0x3000,
+}; /* CR_Space */
+
+/* 'Upper': [[:Upper:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Upper[] = {
+	651,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00de,
+	0x0100, 0x0100,
+	0x0102, 0x0102,
+	0x0104, 0x0104,
+	0x0106, 0x0106,
+	0x0108, 0x0108,
+	0x010a, 0x010a,
+	0x010c, 0x010c,
+	0x010e, 0x010e,
+	0x0110, 0x0110,
+	0x0112, 0x0112,
+	0x0114, 0x0114,
+	0x0116, 0x0116,
+	0x0118, 0x0118,
+	0x011a, 0x011a,
+	0x011c, 0x011c,
+	0x011e, 0x011e,
+	0x0120, 0x0120,
+	0x0122, 0x0122,
+	0x0124, 0x0124,
+	0x0126, 0x0126,
+	0x0128, 0x0128,
+	0x012a, 0x012a,
+	0x012c, 0x012c,
+	0x012e, 0x012e,
+	0x0130, 0x0130,
+	0x0132, 0x0132,
+	0x0134, 0x0134,
+	0x0136, 0x0136,
+	0x0139, 0x0139,
+	0x013b, 0x013b,
+	0x013d, 0x013d,
+	0x013f, 0x013f,
+	0x0141, 0x0141,
+	0x0143, 0x0143,
+	0x0145, 0x0145,
+	0x0147, 0x0147,
+	0x014a, 0x014a,
+	0x014c, 0x014c,
+	0x014e, 0x014e,
+	0x0150, 0x0150,
+	0x0152, 0x0152,
+	0x0154, 0x0154,
+	0x0156, 0x0156,
+	0x0158, 0x0158,
+	0x015a, 0x015a,
+	0x015c, 0x015c,
+	0x015e, 0x015e,
+	0x0160, 0x0160,
+	0x0162, 0x0162,
+	0x0164, 0x0164,
+	0x0166, 0x0166,
+	0x0168, 0x0168,
+	0x016a, 0x016a,
+	0x016c, 0x016c,
+	0x016e, 0x016e,
+	0x0170, 0x0170,
+	0x0172, 0x0172,
+	0x0174, 0x0174,
+	0x0176, 0x0176,
+	0x0178, 0x0179,
+	0x017b, 0x017b,
+	0x017d, 0x017d,
+	0x0181, 0x0182,
+	0x0184, 0x0184,
+	0x0186, 0x0187,
+	0x0189, 0x018b,
+	0x018e, 0x0191,
+	0x0193, 0x0194,
+	0x0196, 0x0198,
+	0x019c, 0x019d,
+	0x019f, 0x01a0,
+	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
+	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
+	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
+	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
+	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
+	0x01ae, 0x01af,
+	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
+	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
+	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
+	0x01c4, 0x01c4,
+	0x01c7, 0x01c7,
+	0x01ca, 0x01ca,
+	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
+	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
+	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
+	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
+	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
+	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
+	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
+	0x01db, 0x01db,
+	0x01de, 0x01de,
+	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
+	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
+	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
+	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
+	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
+	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
+	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
+	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
+	0x01f1, 0x01f1,
+	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
+	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
+	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
+	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
+	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
+	0x0200, 0x0200,
+	0x0202, 0x0202,
+	0x0204, 0x0204,
+	0x0206, 0x0206,
+	0x0208, 0x0208,
+	0x020a, 0x020a,
+	0x020c, 0x020c,
+	0x020e, 0x020e,
+	0x0210, 0x0210,
+	0x0212, 0x0212,
+	0x0214, 0x0214,
+	0x0216, 0x0216,
+	0x0218, 0x0218,
+	0x021a, 0x021a,
+	0x021c, 0x021c,
+	0x021e, 0x021e,
+	0x0220, 0x0220,
+	0x0222, 0x0222,
+	0x0224, 0x0224,
+	0x0226, 0x0226,
+	0x0228, 0x0228,
+	0x022a, 0x022a,
+	0x022c, 0x022c,
+	0x022e, 0x022e,
+	0x0230, 0x0230,
+	0x0232, 0x0232,
+	0x023a, 0x023b,
+	0x023d, 0x023e,
+	0x0241, 0x0241,
+	0x0243, 0x0246,
+	0x0248, 0x0248,
+	0x024a, 0x024a,
+	0x024c, 0x024c,
+	0x024e, 0x024e,
+	0x0370, 0x0370,
+	0x0372, 0x0372,
+	0x0376, 0x0376,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x038f,
+	0x0391, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
+	0x03cf, 0x03cf,
+	0x03d2, 0x03d4,
+	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
+	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
+	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
+	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
+	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
+	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
+	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
+	0x03f4, 0x03f4,
+	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
+	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
+	0x03fd, 0x042f,
+	0x0460, 0x0460,
+	0x0462, 0x0462,
+	0x0464, 0x0464,
+	0x0466, 0x0466,
+	0x0468, 0x0468,
+	0x046a, 0x046a,
+	0x046c, 0x046c,
+	0x046e, 0x046e,
+	0x0470, 0x0470,
+	0x0472, 0x0472,
+	0x0474, 0x0474,
+	0x0476, 0x0476,
+	0x0478, 0x0478,
+	0x047a, 0x047a,
+	0x047c, 0x047c,
+	0x047e, 0x047e,
+	0x0480, 0x0480,
+	0x048a, 0x048a,
+	0x048c, 0x048c,
+	0x048e, 0x048e,
+	0x0490, 0x0490,
+	0x0492, 0x0492,
+	0x0494, 0x0494,
+	0x0496, 0x0496,
+	0x0498, 0x0498,
+	0x049a, 0x049a,
+	0x049c, 0x049c,
+	0x049e, 0x049e,
+	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
+	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
+	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
+	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
+	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
+	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
+	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
+	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
+	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
+	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
+	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
+	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
+	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
+	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
+	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
+	0x04be, 0x04be,
+	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
+	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
+	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
+	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
+	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
+	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
+	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
+	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
+	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
+	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
+	0x04da, 0x04da,
+	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
+	0x04de, 0x04de,
+	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
+	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
+	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
+	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
+	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
+	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
+	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
+	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
+	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
+	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
+	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
+	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
+	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
+	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
+	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
+	0x0500, 0x0500,
+	0x0502, 0x0502,
+	0x0504, 0x0504,
+	0x0506, 0x0506,
+	0x0508, 0x0508,
+	0x050a, 0x050a,
+	0x050c, 0x050c,
+	0x050e, 0x050e,
+	0x0510, 0x0510,
+	0x0512, 0x0512,
+	0x0514, 0x0514,
+	0x0516, 0x0516,
+	0x0518, 0x0518,
+	0x051a, 0x051a,
+	0x051c, 0x051c,
+	0x051e, 0x051e,
+	0x0520, 0x0520,
+	0x0522, 0x0522,
+	0x0524, 0x0524,
+	0x0526, 0x0526,
+	0x0528, 0x0528,
+	0x052a, 0x052a,
+	0x052c, 0x052c,
+	0x052e, 0x052e,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
+	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
+	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
+	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
+	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
+	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
+	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
+	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
+	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
+	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
+	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
+	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
+	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
+	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
+	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
+	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
+	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
+	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
+	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
+	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
+	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
+	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
+	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
+	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
+	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
+	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
+	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
+	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
+	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
+	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
+	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
+	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
+	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
+	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
+	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
+	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
+	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
+	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
+	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
+	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
+	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
+	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
+	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
+	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
+	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
+	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
+	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
+	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
+	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
+	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
+	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
+	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
+	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
+	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
+	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
+	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
+	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
+	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
+	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
+	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
+	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
+	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
+	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
+	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
+	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
+	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
+	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
+	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
+	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
+	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
+	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
+	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
+	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
+	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
+	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
+	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
+	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
+	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
+	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
+	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
+	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
+	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
+	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
+	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
+	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
+	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
+	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
+	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
+	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
+	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
+	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
+	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
+	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
+	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
+	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
+	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
+	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
+	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
+	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
+	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
+	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
+	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
+	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
+	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
+	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
+	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
+	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
+	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
+	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
+	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
+	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
+	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
+	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
+	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
+	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
+	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
+	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
+	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
+	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
+	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
+	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
+	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
+	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
+	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
+	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
+	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
+	0x1fb8, 0x1fbb,
+	0x1fc8, 0x1fcb,
+	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff8, 0x1ffb,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210b, 0x210d,
+	0x2110, 0x2112,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x2130, 0x2133,
+	0x213e, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2145,
+	0x2160, 0x216f,
+	0x2183, 0x2183,
+	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
+	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
+	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
+	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
+	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
+	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
+	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
+	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
+	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
+	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
+	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
+	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
+	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
+	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
+	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
+	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
+	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
+	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
+	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
+	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
+	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
+	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
+	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
+	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
+	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
+	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
+	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
+	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
+	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
+	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
+	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
+	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
+	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
+	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
+	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
+	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
+	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
+	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
+	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
+	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
+	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
+	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
+	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
+	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
+	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
+	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
+	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
+	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
+	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
+	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
+	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
+	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
+	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
+	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
+	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
+	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
+	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
+	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
+	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
+	0xa640, 0xa640,
+	0xa642, 0xa642,
+	0xa644, 0xa644,
+	0xa646, 0xa646,
+	0xa648, 0xa648,
+	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
+	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
+	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
+	0xa650, 0xa650,
+	0xa652, 0xa652,
+	0xa654, 0xa654,
+	0xa656, 0xa656,
+	0xa658, 0xa658,
+	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
+	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
+	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
+	0xa660, 0xa660,
+	0xa662, 0xa662,
+	0xa664, 0xa664,
+	0xa666, 0xa666,
+	0xa668, 0xa668,
+	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
+	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
+	0xa680, 0xa680,
+	0xa682, 0xa682,
+	0xa684, 0xa684,
+	0xa686, 0xa686,
+	0xa688, 0xa688,
+	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
+	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
+	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
+	0xa690, 0xa690,
+	0xa692, 0xa692,
+	0xa694, 0xa694,
+	0xa696, 0xa696,
+	0xa698, 0xa698,
+	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
+	0xa722, 0xa722,
+	0xa724, 0xa724,
+	0xa726, 0xa726,
+	0xa728, 0xa728,
+	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
+	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
+	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
+	0xa732, 0xa732,
+	0xa734, 0xa734,
+	0xa736, 0xa736,
+	0xa738, 0xa738,
+	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
+	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
+	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
+	0xa740, 0xa740,
+	0xa742, 0xa742,
+	0xa744, 0xa744,
+	0xa746, 0xa746,
+	0xa748, 0xa748,
+	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
+	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
+	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
+	0xa750, 0xa750,
+	0xa752, 0xa752,
+	0xa754, 0xa754,
+	0xa756, 0xa756,
+	0xa758, 0xa758,
+	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
+	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
+	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
+	0xa760, 0xa760,
+	0xa762, 0xa762,
+	0xa764, 0xa764,
+	0xa766, 0xa766,
+	0xa768, 0xa768,
+	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
+	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
+	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
+	0xa779, 0xa779,
+	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
+	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
+	0xa780, 0xa780,
+	0xa782, 0xa782,
+	0xa784, 0xa784,
+	0xa786, 0xa786,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
+	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
+	0xa790, 0xa790,
+	0xa792, 0xa792,
+	0xa796, 0xa796,
+	0xa798, 0xa798,
+	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
+	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
+	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
+	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
+	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
+	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
+	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
+	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
+	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
+	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
+	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
+	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
+	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
+	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
+	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
+	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
+	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
+	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0x10400, 0x10427,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d419,
+	0x1d434, 0x1d44d,
+	0x1d468, 0x1d481,
+	0x1d49c, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b5,
+	0x1d4d0, 0x1d4e9,
+	0x1d504, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d538, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d56c, 0x1d585,
+	0x1d5a0, 0x1d5b9,
+	0x1d5d4, 0x1d5ed,
+	0x1d608, 0x1d621,
+	0x1d63c, 0x1d655,
+	0x1d670, 0x1d689,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6e2, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d71c, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d756, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d790, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7ca, 0x1d7ca,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+}; /* CR_Upper */
+
+/* 'XDigit': [[:XDigit:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_XDigit[] = {
+	3,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0041, 0x0046,
+	0x0061, 0x0066,
+}; /* CR_XDigit */
+
+/* 'Word': [[:Word:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Word[] = {
+	770,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x005f, 0x005f,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0300, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x0483, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x0620, 0x0669,
+	0x066e, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x0898, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0963,
+	0x0966, 0x096f,
+	0x0971, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x1000, 0x1049,
+	0x1050, 0x109d,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1734,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17d3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1946, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x203f, 0x2040,
+	0x2054, 0x2054,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x302f,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa672,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa67f, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa827,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa92d,
+	0xa930, 0xa953,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9c0,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabea,
+	0xabec, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
+	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f85,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x11046,
+	0x11066, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x1113f,
+	0x11144, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11173,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111c4,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111ce, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1144a,
+	0x11450, 0x11459,
+	0x1145e, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
+	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11640,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11680, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11739,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183a,
+	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11943,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a99,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f42,
+	0x11f50, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13440, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b36,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Word */
+
+/* 'Alnum': [[:Alnum:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Alnum[] = {
+	772,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0370, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x05b0, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x0620, 0x0657,
+	0x0659, 0x0669,
+	0x066e, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
+	0x06e1, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ed, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x073f,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07ea,
+	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x0817,
+	0x081a, 0x082c,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
+	0x08d4, 0x08df,
+	0x08e3, 0x08e9,
+	0x08f0, 0x093b,
+	0x093d, 0x094c,
+	0x094e, 0x0950,
+	0x0955, 0x0963,
+	0x0966, 0x096f,
+	0x0971, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4c,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af9, 0x0afc,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4c,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccc,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
+	0x0e4d, 0x0e4d,
+	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ecd, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
+	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f83,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x1000, 0x1036,
+	0x1038, 0x1038,
+	0x103b, 0x1049,
+	0x1050, 0x109d,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1713,
+	0x171f, 0x1733,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17b6, 0x17c8,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x1938,
+	0x1946, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a61, 0x1a74,
+	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1abf, 0x1ac0,
+	0x1acc, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b35, 0x1b43,
+	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
+	0x1b80, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bac, 0x1be5,
+	0x1be7, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c36,
+	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1de7, 0x1df4,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66e,
+	0xa674, 0xa67b,
+	0xa67f, 0xa6ef,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa827,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c3,
+	0xa8c5, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa92a,
+	0xa930, 0xa952,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9b4, 0xa9bf,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaabe,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf5,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabea,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x11045,
+	0x11066, 0x1106f,
+	0x11071, 0x11075,
+	0x11080, 0x110b8,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11132,
+	0x11136, 0x1113f,
+	0x11144, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111bf,
+	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
+	0x111ce, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11234,
+	0x11237, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112e8,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134c,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11400, 0x11441,
+	0x11443, 0x11445,
+	0x11447, 0x1144a,
+	0x11450, 0x11459,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c1,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115be,
+	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x1163e,
+	0x11640, 0x11640,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11680, 0x116b5,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172a,
+	0x11730, 0x11739,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x11838,
+	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x1193f, 0x11942,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119df,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a35, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a97,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d41,
+	0x11d43, 0x11d43,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d96,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f40,
+	0x11f50, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9e, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e4f0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1e947, 0x1e947,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Alnum */
+
+/* 'ASCII': [[:ASCII:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_ASCII[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0000, 0x007f,
+}; /* CR_ASCII */
+
+/* 'Punct': [[:Punct:]] */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Punct[] = {
+	191,
+	0x0021, 0x0023,
+	0x0025, 0x002a,
+	0x002c, 0x002f,
+	0x003a, 0x003b,
+	0x003f, 0x0040,
+	0x005b, 0x005d,
+	0x005f, 0x005f,
+	0x007b, 0x007b,
+	0x007d, 0x007d,
+	0x00a1, 0x00a1,
+	0x00a7, 0x00a7,
+	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
+	0x00b6, 0x00b7,
+	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
+	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x055a, 0x055f,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x05be, 0x05be,
+	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
+	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
+	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
+	0x05f3, 0x05f4,
+	0x0609, 0x060a,
+	0x060c, 0x060d,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061d, 0x061f,
+	0x066a, 0x066d,
+	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x07f7, 0x07f9,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0964, 0x0965,
+	0x0970, 0x0970,
+	0x09fd, 0x09fd,
+	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
+	0x0af0, 0x0af0,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c77,
+	0x0c84, 0x0c84,
+	0x0df4, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e4f, 0x0e4f,
+	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0f04, 0x0f12,
+	0x0f14, 0x0f14,
+	0x0f3a, 0x0f3d,
+	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
+	0x0fd0, 0x0fd4,
+	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
+	0x104a, 0x104f,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1360, 0x1368,
+	0x1400, 0x1400,
+	0x166e, 0x166e,
+	0x169b, 0x169c,
+	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
+	0x1735, 0x1736,
+	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
+	0x17d8, 0x17da,
+	0x1800, 0x180a,
+	0x1944, 0x1945,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aa6,
+	0x1aa8, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b5a, 0x1b60,
+	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
+	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
+	0x2010, 0x2027,
+	0x2030, 0x2043,
+	0x2045, 0x2051,
+	0x2053, 0x205e,
+	0x207d, 0x207e,
+	0x208d, 0x208e,
+	0x2308, 0x230b,
+	0x2329, 0x232a,
+	0x2768, 0x2775,
+	0x27c5, 0x27c6,
+	0x27e6, 0x27ef,
+	0x2983, 0x2998,
+	0x29d8, 0x29db,
+	0x29fc, 0x29fd,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2cfc,
+	0x2cfe, 0x2cff,
+	0x2d70, 0x2d70,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e2e,
+	0x2e30, 0x2e4f,
+	0x2e52, 0x2e5d,
+	0x3001, 0x3003,
+	0x3008, 0x3011,
+	0x3014, 0x301f,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0x303d, 0x303d,
+	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
+	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
+	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
+	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
+	0xa673, 0xa673,
+	0xa67e, 0xa67e,
+	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa874, 0xa877,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
+	0xa8f8, 0xa8fa,
+	0xa8fc, 0xa8fc,
+	0xa92e, 0xa92f,
+	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
+	0xa9c1, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
+	0xaade, 0xaadf,
+	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
+	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
+	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe61,
+	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
+	0xfe6a, 0xfe6b,
+	0xff01, 0xff03,
+	0xff05, 0xff0a,
+	0xff0c, 0xff0f,
+	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
+	0xff1f, 0xff20,
+	0xff3b, 0xff3d,
+	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
+	0xff5b, 0xff5b,
+	0xff5d, 0xff5d,
+	0xff5f, 0xff65,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
+	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10857, 0x10857,
+	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a7f, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10af0, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
+	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
+	0x11047, 0x1104d,
+	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
+	0x110be, 0x110c1,
+	0x11140, 0x11143,
+	0x11174, 0x11175,
+	0x111c5, 0x111c8,
+	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
+	0x111db, 0x111db,
+	0x111dd, 0x111df,
+	0x11238, 0x1123d,
+	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
+	0x1144b, 0x1144f,
+	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
+	0x114c6, 0x114c6,
+	0x115c1, 0x115d7,
+	0x11641, 0x11643,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x116b9, 0x116b9,
+	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
+	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
+	0x11944, 0x11946,
+	0x119e2, 0x119e2,
+	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
+	0x11a9a, 0x11a9c,
+	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c41, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c71,
+	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f43, 0x11f4f,
+	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12ff1, 0x12ff2,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b37, 0x16b3b,
+	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
+	0x16e97, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16fe2, 0x16fe2,
+	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
+	0x1da87, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+}; /* CR_Punct */
+
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+/* 'Any': - */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Any[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0000, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Any */
+
+/* 'Assigned': - */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Assigned[] = {
+	707,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+	0x13000, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
+	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
+}; /* CR_Assigned */
+
+/* 'C': Major Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_C[] = {
+	712,
+	0x0000, 0x001f,
+	0x007f, 0x009f,
+	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
+	0x0378, 0x0379,
+	0x0380, 0x0383,
+	0x038b, 0x038b,
+	0x038d, 0x038d,
+	0x03a2, 0x03a2,
+	0x0530, 0x0530,
+	0x0557, 0x0558,
+	0x058b, 0x058c,
+	0x0590, 0x0590,
+	0x05c8, 0x05cf,
+	0x05eb, 0x05ee,
+	0x05f5, 0x0605,
+	0x061c, 0x061c,
+	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
+	0x070e, 0x070f,
+	0x074b, 0x074c,
+	0x07b2, 0x07bf,
+	0x07fb, 0x07fc,
+	0x082e, 0x082f,
+	0x083f, 0x083f,
+	0x085c, 0x085d,
+	0x085f, 0x085f,
+	0x086b, 0x086f,
+	0x088f, 0x0897,
+	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
+	0x0984, 0x0984,
+	0x098d, 0x098e,
+	0x0991, 0x0992,
+	0x09a9, 0x09a9,
+	0x09b1, 0x09b1,
+	0x09b3, 0x09b5,
+	0x09ba, 0x09bb,
+	0x09c5, 0x09c6,
+	0x09c9, 0x09ca,
+	0x09cf, 0x09d6,
+	0x09d8, 0x09db,
+	0x09de, 0x09de,
+	0x09e4, 0x09e5,
+	0x09ff, 0x0a00,
+	0x0a04, 0x0a04,
+	0x0a0b, 0x0a0e,
+	0x0a11, 0x0a12,
+	0x0a29, 0x0a29,
+	0x0a31, 0x0a31,
+	0x0a34, 0x0a34,
+	0x0a37, 0x0a37,
+	0x0a3a, 0x0a3b,
+	0x0a3d, 0x0a3d,
+	0x0a43, 0x0a46,
+	0x0a49, 0x0a4a,
+	0x0a4e, 0x0a50,
+	0x0a52, 0x0a58,
+	0x0a5d, 0x0a5d,
+	0x0a5f, 0x0a65,
+	0x0a77, 0x0a80,
+	0x0a84, 0x0a84,
+	0x0a8e, 0x0a8e,
+	0x0a92, 0x0a92,
+	0x0aa9, 0x0aa9,
+	0x0ab1, 0x0ab1,
+	0x0ab4, 0x0ab4,
+	0x0aba, 0x0abb,
+	0x0ac6, 0x0ac6,
+	0x0aca, 0x0aca,
+	0x0ace, 0x0acf,
+	0x0ad1, 0x0adf,
+	0x0ae4, 0x0ae5,
+	0x0af2, 0x0af8,
+	0x0b00, 0x0b00,
+	0x0b04, 0x0b04,
+	0x0b0d, 0x0b0e,
+	0x0b11, 0x0b12,
+	0x0b29, 0x0b29,
+	0x0b31, 0x0b31,
+	0x0b34, 0x0b34,
+	0x0b3a, 0x0b3b,
+	0x0b45, 0x0b46,
+	0x0b49, 0x0b4a,
+	0x0b4e, 0x0b54,
+	0x0b58, 0x0b5b,
+	0x0b5e, 0x0b5e,
+	0x0b64, 0x0b65,
+	0x0b78, 0x0b81,
+	0x0b84, 0x0b84,
+	0x0b8b, 0x0b8d,
+	0x0b91, 0x0b91,
+	0x0b96, 0x0b98,
+	0x0b9b, 0x0b9b,
+	0x0b9d, 0x0b9d,
+	0x0ba0, 0x0ba2,
+	0x0ba5, 0x0ba7,
+	0x0bab, 0x0bad,
+	0x0bba, 0x0bbd,
+	0x0bc3, 0x0bc5,
+	0x0bc9, 0x0bc9,
+	0x0bce, 0x0bcf,
+	0x0bd1, 0x0bd6,
+	0x0bd8, 0x0be5,
+	0x0bfb, 0x0bff,
+	0x0c0d, 0x0c0d,
+	0x0c11, 0x0c11,
+	0x0c29, 0x0c29,
+	0x0c3a, 0x0c3b,
+	0x0c45, 0x0c45,
+	0x0c49, 0x0c49,
+	0x0c4e, 0x0c54,
+	0x0c57, 0x0c57,
+	0x0c5b, 0x0c5c,
+	0x0c5e, 0x0c5f,
+	0x0c64, 0x0c65,
+	0x0c70, 0x0c76,
+	0x0c8d, 0x0c8d,
+	0x0c91, 0x0c91,
+	0x0ca9, 0x0ca9,
+	0x0cb4, 0x0cb4,
+	0x0cba, 0x0cbb,
+	0x0cc5, 0x0cc5,
+	0x0cc9, 0x0cc9,
+	0x0cce, 0x0cd4,
+	0x0cd7, 0x0cdc,
+	0x0cdf, 0x0cdf,
+	0x0ce4, 0x0ce5,
+	0x0cf0, 0x0cf0,
+	0x0cf4, 0x0cff,
+	0x0d0d, 0x0d0d,
+	0x0d11, 0x0d11,
+	0x0d45, 0x0d45,
+	0x0d49, 0x0d49,
+	0x0d50, 0x0d53,
+	0x0d64, 0x0d65,
+	0x0d80, 0x0d80,
+	0x0d84, 0x0d84,
+	0x0d97, 0x0d99,
+	0x0db2, 0x0db2,
+	0x0dbc, 0x0dbc,
+	0x0dbe, 0x0dbf,
+	0x0dc7, 0x0dc9,
+	0x0dcb, 0x0dce,
+	0x0dd5, 0x0dd5,
+	0x0dd7, 0x0dd7,
+	0x0de0, 0x0de5,
+	0x0df0, 0x0df1,
+	0x0df5, 0x0e00,
+	0x0e3b, 0x0e3e,
+	0x0e5c, 0x0e80,
+	0x0e83, 0x0e83,
+	0x0e85, 0x0e85,
+	0x0e8b, 0x0e8b,
+	0x0ea4, 0x0ea4,
+	0x0ea6, 0x0ea6,
+	0x0ebe, 0x0ebf,
+	0x0ec5, 0x0ec5,
+	0x0ec7, 0x0ec7,
+	0x0ecf, 0x0ecf,
+	0x0eda, 0x0edb,
+	0x0ee0, 0x0eff,
+	0x0f48, 0x0f48,
+	0x0f6d, 0x0f70,
+	0x0f98, 0x0f98,
+	0x0fbd, 0x0fbd,
+	0x0fcd, 0x0fcd,
+	0x0fdb, 0x0fff,
+	0x10c6, 0x10c6,
+	0x10c8, 0x10cc,
+	0x10ce, 0x10cf,
+	0x1249, 0x1249,
+	0x124e, 0x124f,
+	0x1257, 0x1257,
+	0x1259, 0x1259,
+	0x125e, 0x125f,
+	0x1289, 0x1289,
+	0x128e, 0x128f,
+	0x12b1, 0x12b1,
+	0x12b6, 0x12b7,
+	0x12bf, 0x12bf,
+	0x12c1, 0x12c1,
+	0x12c6, 0x12c7,
+	0x12d7, 0x12d7,
+	0x1311, 0x1311,
+	0x1316, 0x1317,
+	0x135b, 0x135c,
+	0x137d, 0x137f,
+	0x139a, 0x139f,
+	0x13f6, 0x13f7,
+	0x13fe, 0x13ff,
+	0x169d, 0x169f,
+	0x16f9, 0x16ff,
+	0x1716, 0x171e,
+	0x1737, 0x173f,
+	0x1754, 0x175f,
+	0x176d, 0x176d,
+	0x1771, 0x1771,
+	0x1774, 0x177f,
+	0x17de, 0x17df,
+	0x17ea, 0x17ef,
+	0x17fa, 0x17ff,
+	0x180e, 0x180e,
+	0x181a, 0x181f,
+	0x1879, 0x187f,
+	0x18ab, 0x18af,
+	0x18f6, 0x18ff,
+	0x191f, 0x191f,
+	0x192c, 0x192f,
+	0x193c, 0x193f,
+	0x1941, 0x1943,
+	0x196e, 0x196f,
+	0x1975, 0x197f,
+	0x19ac, 0x19af,
+	0x19ca, 0x19cf,
+	0x19db, 0x19dd,
+	0x1a1c, 0x1a1d,
+	0x1a5f, 0x1a5f,
+	0x1a7d, 0x1a7e,
+	0x1a8a, 0x1a8f,
+	0x1a9a, 0x1a9f,
+	0x1aae, 0x1aaf,
+	0x1acf, 0x1aff,
+	0x1b4d, 0x1b4f,
+	0x1b7f, 0x1b7f,
+	0x1bf4, 0x1bfb,
+	0x1c38, 0x1c3a,
+	0x1c4a, 0x1c4c,
+	0x1c89, 0x1c8f,
+	0x1cbb, 0x1cbc,
+	0x1cc8, 0x1ccf,
+	0x1cfb, 0x1cff,
+	0x1f16, 0x1f17,
+	0x1f1e, 0x1f1f,
+	0x1f46, 0x1f47,
+	0x1f4e, 0x1f4f,
+	0x1f58, 0x1f58,
+	0x1f5a, 0x1f5a,
+	0x1f5c, 0x1f5c,
+	0x1f5e, 0x1f5e,
+	0x1f7e, 0x1f7f,
+	0x1fb5, 0x1fb5,
+	0x1fc5, 0x1fc5,
+	0x1fd4, 0x1fd5,
+	0x1fdc, 0x1fdc,
+	0x1ff0, 0x1ff1,
+	0x1ff5, 0x1ff5,
+	0x1fff, 0x1fff,
+	0x200b, 0x200f,
+	0x202a, 0x202e,
+	0x2060, 0x206f,
+	0x2072, 0x2073,
+	0x208f, 0x208f,
+	0x209d, 0x209f,
+	0x20c1, 0x20cf,
+	0x20f1, 0x20ff,
+	0x218c, 0x218f,
+	0x2427, 0x243f,
+	0x244b, 0x245f,
+	0x2b74, 0x2b75,
+	0x2b96, 0x2b96,
+	0x2cf4, 0x2cf8,
+	0x2d26, 0x2d26,
+	0x2d28, 0x2d2c,
+	0x2d2e, 0x2d2f,
+	0x2d68, 0x2d6e,
+	0x2d71, 0x2d7e,
+	0x2d97, 0x2d9f,
+	0x2da7, 0x2da7,
+	0x2daf, 0x2daf,
+	0x2db7, 0x2db7,
+	0x2dbf, 0x2dbf,
+	0x2dc7, 0x2dc7,
+	0x2dcf, 0x2dcf,
+	0x2dd7, 0x2dd7,
+	0x2ddf, 0x2ddf,
+	0x2e5e, 0x2e7f,
+	0x2e9a, 0x2e9a,
+	0x2ef4, 0x2eff,
+	0x2fd6, 0x2fef,
+	0x2ffc, 0x2fff,
+	0x3040, 0x3040,
+	0x3097, 0x3098,
+	0x3100, 0x3104,
+	0x3130, 0x3130,
+	0x318f, 0x318f,
+	0x31e4, 0x31ef,
+	0x321f, 0x321f,
+	0xa48d, 0xa48f,
+	0xa4c7, 0xa4cf,
+	0xa62c, 0xa63f,
+	0xa6f8, 0xa6ff,
+	0xa7cb, 0xa7cf,
+	0xa7d2, 0xa7d2,
+	0xa7d4, 0xa7d4,
+	0xa7da, 0xa7f1,
+	0xa82d, 0xa82f,
+	0xa83a, 0xa83f,
+	0xa878, 0xa87f,
+	0xa8c6, 0xa8cd,
+	0xa8da, 0xa8df,
+	0xa954, 0xa95e,
+	0xa97d, 0xa97f,
+	0xa9ce, 0xa9ce,
+	0xa9da, 0xa9dd,
+	0xa9ff, 0xa9ff,
+	0xaa37, 0xaa3f,
+	0xaa4e, 0xaa4f,
+	0xaa5a, 0xaa5b,
+	0xaac3, 0xaada,
+	0xaaf7, 0xab00,
+	0xab07, 0xab08,
+	0xab0f, 0xab10,
+	0xab17, 0xab1f,
+	0xab27, 0xab27,
+	0xab2f, 0xab2f,
+	0xab6c, 0xab6f,
+	0xabee, 0xabef,
+	0xabfa, 0xabff,
+	0xd7a4, 0xd7af,
+	0xd7c7, 0xd7ca,
+	0xd7fc, 0xf8ff,
+	0xfa6e, 0xfa6f,
+	0xfada, 0xfaff,
+	0xfb07, 0xfb12,
+	0xfb18, 0xfb1c,
+	0xfb37, 0xfb37,
+	0xfb3d, 0xfb3d,
+	0xfb3f, 0xfb3f,
+	0xfb42, 0xfb42,
+	0xfb45, 0xfb45,
+	0xfbc3, 0xfbd2,
+	0xfd90, 0xfd91,
+	0xfdc8, 0xfdce,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
+	0xfe1a, 0xfe1f,
+	0xfe53, 0xfe53,
+	0xfe67, 0xfe67,
+	0xfe6c, 0xfe6f,
+	0xfe75, 0xfe75,
+	0xfefd, 0xff00,
+	0xffbf, 0xffc1,
+	0xffc8, 0xffc9,
+	0xffd0, 0xffd1,
+	0xffd8, 0xffd9,
+	0xffdd, 0xffdf,
+	0xffe7, 0xffe7,
+	0xffef, 0xfffb,
+	0xfffe, 0xffff,
+	0x1000c, 0x1000c,
+	0x10027, 0x10027,
+	0x1003b, 0x1003b,
+	0x1003e, 0x1003e,
+	0x1004e, 0x1004f,
+	0x1005e, 0x1007f,
+	0x100fb, 0x100ff,
+	0x10103, 0x10106,
+	0x10134, 0x10136,
+	0x1018f, 0x1018f,
+	0x1019d, 0x1019f,
+	0x101a1, 0x101cf,
+	0x101fe, 0x1027f,
+	0x1029d, 0x1029f,
+	0x102d1, 0x102df,
+	0x102fc, 0x102ff,
+	0x10324, 0x1032c,
+	0x1034b, 0x1034f,
+	0x1037b, 0x1037f,
+	0x1039e, 0x1039e,
+	0x103c4, 0x103c7,
+	0x103d6, 0x103ff,
+	0x1049e, 0x1049f,
+	0x104aa, 0x104af,
+	0x104d4, 0x104d7,
+	0x104fc, 0x104ff,
+	0x10528, 0x1052f,
+	0x10564, 0x1056e,
+	0x1057b, 0x1057b,
+	0x1058b, 0x1058b,
+	0x10593, 0x10593,
+	0x10596, 0x10596,
+	0x105a2, 0x105a2,
+	0x105b2, 0x105b2,
+	0x105ba, 0x105ba,
+	0x105bd, 0x105ff,
+	0x10737, 0x1073f,
+	0x10756, 0x1075f,
+	0x10768, 0x1077f,
+	0x10786, 0x10786,
+	0x107b1, 0x107b1,
+	0x107bb, 0x107ff,
+	0x10806, 0x10807,
+	0x10809, 0x10809,
+	0x10836, 0x10836,
+	0x10839, 0x1083b,
+	0x1083d, 0x1083e,
+	0x10856, 0x10856,
+	0x1089f, 0x108a6,
+	0x108b0, 0x108df,
+	0x108f3, 0x108f3,
+	0x108f6, 0x108fa,
+	0x1091c, 0x1091e,
+	0x1093a, 0x1093e,
+	0x10940, 0x1097f,
+	0x109b8, 0x109bb,
+	0x109d0, 0x109d1,
+	0x10a04, 0x10a04,
+	0x10a07, 0x10a0b,
+	0x10a14, 0x10a14,
+	0x10a18, 0x10a18,
+	0x10a36, 0x10a37,
+	0x10a3b, 0x10a3e,
+	0x10a49, 0x10a4f,
+	0x10a59, 0x10a5f,
+	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
+	0x10ae7, 0x10aea,
+	0x10af7, 0x10aff,
+	0x10b36, 0x10b38,
+	0x10b56, 0x10b57,
+	0x10b73, 0x10b77,
+	0x10b92, 0x10b98,
+	0x10b9d, 0x10ba8,
+	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
+	0x10c49, 0x10c7f,
+	0x10cb3, 0x10cbf,
+	0x10cf3, 0x10cf9,
+	0x10d28, 0x10d2f,
+	0x10d3a, 0x10e5f,
+	0x10e7f, 0x10e7f,
+	0x10eaa, 0x10eaa,
+	0x10eae, 0x10eaf,
+	0x10eb2, 0x10efc,
+	0x10f28, 0x10f2f,
+	0x10f5a, 0x10f6f,
+	0x10f8a, 0x10faf,
+	0x10fcc, 0x10fdf,
+	0x10ff7, 0x10fff,
+	0x1104e, 0x11051,
+	0x11076, 0x1107e,
+	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
+	0x110c3, 0x110cf,
+	0x110e9, 0x110ef,
+	0x110fa, 0x110ff,
+	0x11135, 0x11135,
+	0x11148, 0x1114f,
+	0x11177, 0x1117f,
+	0x111e0, 0x111e0,
+	0x111f5, 0x111ff,
+	0x11212, 0x11212,
+	0x11242, 0x1127f,
+	0x11287, 0x11287,
+	0x11289, 0x11289,
+	0x1128e, 0x1128e,
+	0x1129e, 0x1129e,
+	0x112aa, 0x112af,
+	0x112eb, 0x112ef,
+	0x112fa, 0x112ff,
+	0x11304, 0x11304,
+	0x1130d, 0x1130e,
+	0x11311, 0x11312,
+	0x11329, 0x11329,
+	0x11331, 0x11331,
+	0x11334, 0x11334,
+	0x1133a, 0x1133a,
+	0x11345, 0x11346,
+	0x11349, 0x1134a,
+	0x1134e, 0x1134f,
+	0x11351, 0x11356,
+	0x11358, 0x1135c,
+	0x11364, 0x11365,
+	0x1136d, 0x1136f,
+	0x11375, 0x113ff,
+	0x1145c, 0x1145c,
+	0x11462, 0x1147f,
+	0x114c8, 0x114cf,
+	0x114da, 0x1157f,
+	0x115b6, 0x115b7,
+	0x115de, 0x115ff,
+	0x11645, 0x1164f,
+	0x1165a, 0x1165f,
+	0x1166d, 0x1167f,
+	0x116ba, 0x116bf,
+	0x116ca, 0x116ff,
+	0x1171b, 0x1171c,
+	0x1172c, 0x1172f,
+	0x11747, 0x117ff,
+	0x1183c, 0x1189f,
+	0x118f3, 0x118fe,
+	0x11907, 0x11908,
+	0x1190a, 0x1190b,
+	0x11914, 0x11914,
+	0x11917, 0x11917,
+	0x11936, 0x11936,
+	0x11939, 0x1193a,
+	0x11947, 0x1194f,
+	0x1195a, 0x1199f,
+	0x119a8, 0x119a9,
+	0x119d8, 0x119d9,
+	0x119e5, 0x119ff,
+	0x11a48, 0x11a4f,
+	0x11aa3, 0x11aaf,
+	0x11af9, 0x11aff,
+	0x11b0a, 0x11bff,
+	0x11c09, 0x11c09,
+	0x11c37, 0x11c37,
+	0x11c46, 0x11c4f,
+	0x11c6d, 0x11c6f,
+	0x11c90, 0x11c91,
+	0x11ca8, 0x11ca8,
+	0x11cb7, 0x11cff,
+	0x11d07, 0x11d07,
+	0x11d0a, 0x11d0a,
+	0x11d37, 0x11d39,
+	0x11d3b, 0x11d3b,
+	0x11d3e, 0x11d3e,
+	0x11d48, 0x11d4f,
+	0x11d5a, 0x11d5f,
+	0x11d66, 0x11d66,
+	0x11d69, 0x11d69,
+	0x11d8f, 0x11d8f,
+	0x11d92, 0x11d92,
+	0x11d99, 0x11d9f,
+	0x11daa, 0x11edf,
+	0x11ef9, 0x11eff,
+	0x11f11, 0x11f11,
+	0x11f3b, 0x11f3d,
+	0x11f5a, 0x11faf,
+	0x11fb1, 0x11fbf,
+	0x11ff2, 0x11ffe,
+	0x1239a, 0x123ff,
+	0x1246f, 0x1246f,
+	0x12475, 0x1247f,
+	0x12544, 0x12f8f,
+	0x12ff3, 0x12fff,
+	0x13430, 0x1343f,
+	0x13456, 0x143ff,
+	0x14647, 0x167ff,
+	0x16a39, 0x16a3f,
+	0x16a5f, 0x16a5f,
+	0x16a6a, 0x16a6d,
+	0x16abf, 0x16abf,
+	0x16aca, 0x16acf,
+	0x16aee, 0x16aef,
+	0x16af6, 0x16aff,
+	0x16b46, 0x16b4f,
+	0x16b5a, 0x16b5a,
+	0x16b62, 0x16b62,
+	0x16b78, 0x16b7c,
+	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
+	0x16e9b, 0x16eff,
+	0x16f4b, 0x16f4e,
+	0x16f88, 0x16f8e,
+	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
+	0x16fe5, 0x16fef,
+	0x16ff2, 0x16fff,
+	0x187f8, 0x187ff,
+	0x18cd6, 0x18cff,
+	0x18d09, 0x1afef,
+	0x1aff4, 0x1aff4,
+	0x1affc, 0x1affc,
+	0x1afff, 0x1afff,
+	0x1b123, 0x1b131,
+	0x1b133, 0x1b14f,
+	0x1b153, 0x1b154,
+	0x1b156, 0x1b163,
+	0x1b168, 0x1b16f,
+	0x1b2fc, 0x1bbff,
+	0x1bc6b, 0x1bc6f,
+	0x1bc7d, 0x1bc7f,
+	0x1bc89, 0x1bc8f,
+	0x1bc9a, 0x1bc9b,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1ceff,
+	0x1cf2e, 0x1cf2f,
+	0x1cf47, 0x1cf4f,
+	0x1cfc4, 0x1cfff,
+	0x1d0f6, 0x1d0ff,
+	0x1d127, 0x1d128,
+	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
+	0x1d1eb, 0x1d1ff,
+	0x1d246, 0x1d2bf,
+	0x1d2d4, 0x1d2df,
+	0x1d2f4, 0x1d2ff,
+	0x1d357, 0x1d35f,
+	0x1d379, 0x1d3ff,
+	0x1d455, 0x1d455,
+	0x1d49d, 0x1d49d,
+	0x1d4a0, 0x1d4a1,
+	0x1d4a3, 0x1d4a4,
+	0x1d4a7, 0x1d4a8,
+	0x1d4ad, 0x1d4ad,
+	0x1d4ba, 0x1d4ba,
+	0x1d4bc, 0x1d4bc,
+	0x1d4c4, 0x1d4c4,
+	0x1d506, 0x1d506,
+	0x1d50b, 0x1d50c,
+	0x1d515, 0x1d515,
+	0x1d51d, 0x1d51d,
+	0x1d53a, 0x1d53a,
+	0x1d53f, 0x1d53f,
+	0x1d545, 0x1d545,
+	0x1d547, 0x1d549,
+	0x1d551, 0x1d551,
+	0x1d6a6, 0x1d6a7,
+	0x1d7cc, 0x1d7cd,
+	0x1da8c, 0x1da9a,
+	0x1daa0, 0x1daa0,
+	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
+	0x1df1f, 0x1df24,
+	0x1df2b, 0x1dfff,
+	0x1e007, 0x1e007,
+	0x1e019, 0x1e01a,
+	0x1e022, 0x1e022,
+	0x1e025, 0x1e025,
+	0x1e02b, 0x1e02f,
+	0x1e06e, 0x1e08e,
+	0x1e090, 0x1e0ff,
+	0x1e12d, 0x1e12f,
+	0x1e13e, 0x1e13f,
+	0x1e14a, 0x1e14d,
+	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
+	0x1e2af, 0x1e2bf,
+	0x1e2fa, 0x1e2fe,
+	0x1e300, 0x1e4cf,
+	0x1e4fa, 0x1e7df,
+	0x1e7e7, 0x1e7e7,
+	0x1e7ec, 0x1e7ec,
+	0x1e7ef, 0x1e7ef,
+	0x1e7ff, 0x1e7ff,
+	0x1e8c5, 0x1e8c6,
+	0x1e8d7, 0x1e8ff,
+	0x1e94c, 0x1e94f,
+	0x1e95a, 0x1e95d,
+	0x1e960, 0x1ec70,
+	0x1ecb5, 0x1ed00,
+	0x1ed3e, 0x1edff,
+	0x1ee04, 0x1ee04,
+	0x1ee20, 0x1ee20,
+	0x1ee23, 0x1ee23,
+	0x1ee25, 0x1ee26,
+	0x1ee28, 0x1ee28,
+	0x1ee33, 0x1ee33,
+	0x1ee38, 0x1ee38,
+	0x1ee3a, 0x1ee3a,
+	0x1ee3c, 0x1ee41,
+	0x1ee43, 0x1ee46,
+	0x1ee48, 0x1ee48,
+	0x1ee4a, 0x1ee4a,
+	0x1ee4c, 0x1ee4c,
+	0x1ee50, 0x1ee50,
+	0x1ee53, 0x1ee53,
+	0x1ee55, 0x1ee56,
+	0x1ee58, 0x1ee58,
+	0x1ee5a, 0x1ee5a,
+	0x1ee5c, 0x1ee5c,
+	0x1ee5e, 0x1ee5e,
+	0x1ee60, 0x1ee60,
+	0x1ee63, 0x1ee63,
+	0x1ee65, 0x1ee66,
+	0x1ee6b, 0x1ee6b,
+	0x1ee73, 0x1ee73,
+	0x1ee78, 0x1ee78,
+	0x1ee7d, 0x1ee7d,
+	0x1ee7f, 0x1ee7f,
+	0x1ee8a, 0x1ee8a,
+	0x1ee9c, 0x1eea0,
+	0x1eea4, 0x1eea4,
+	0x1eeaa, 0x1eeaa,
+	0x1eebc, 0x1eeef,
+	0x1eef2, 0x1efff,
+	0x1f02c, 0x1f02f,
+	0x1f094, 0x1f09f,
+	0x1f0af, 0x1f0b0,
+	0x1f0c0, 0x1f0c0,
+	0x1f0d0, 0x1f0d0,
+	0x1f0f6, 0x1f0ff,
+	0x1f1ae, 0x1f1e5,
+	0x1f203, 0x1f20f,
+	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
+	0x1f249, 0x1f24f,
+	0x1f252, 0x1f25f,
+	0x1f266, 0x1f2ff,
+	0x1f6d8, 0x1f6db,
+	0x1f6ed, 0x1f6ef,
+	0x1f6fd, 0x1f6ff,
+	0x1f777, 0x1f77a,
+	0x1f7da, 0x1f7df,
+	0x1f7ec, 0x1f7ef,
+	0x1f7f1, 0x1f7ff,
+	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
+	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
+	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
+	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
+	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8af,
+	0x1f8b2, 0x1f8ff,
+	0x1fa54, 0x1fa5f,
+	0x1fa6e, 0x1fa6f,
+	0x1fa7d, 0x1fa7f,
+	0x1fa89, 0x1fa8f,
+	0x1fabe, 0x1fabe,
+	0x1fac6, 0x1facd,
+	0x1fadc, 0x1fadf,
+	0x1fae9, 0x1faef,
+	0x1faf9, 0x1faff,
+	0x1fb93, 0x1fb93,
+	0x1fbcb, 0x1fbef,
+	0x1fbfa, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
+	0x2b73a, 0x2b73f,
+	0x2b81e, 0x2b81f,
+	0x2cea2, 0x2ceaf,
+	0x2ebe1, 0x2f7ff,
+	0x2fa1e, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3134b, 0x3134f,
+	0x323b0, 0xe00ff,
+	0xe01f0, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_C */
+
+/* 'Cc': General Category */
+#define CR_Cc CR_Cntrl
+
+/* 'Cf': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cf[] = {
+	21,
+	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
+	0x0600, 0x0605,
+	0x061c, 0x061c,
+	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
+	0x070f, 0x070f,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
+	0x180e, 0x180e,
+	0x200b, 0x200f,
+	0x202a, 0x202e,
+	0x2060, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x206f,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xfff9, 0xfffb,
+	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x13430, 0x1343f,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+}; /* CR_Cf */
+
+/* 'Cn': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cn[] = {
+	707,
+	0x0378, 0x0379,
+	0x0380, 0x0383,
+	0x038b, 0x038b,
+	0x038d, 0x038d,
+	0x03a2, 0x03a2,
+	0x0530, 0x0530,
+	0x0557, 0x0558,
+	0x058b, 0x058c,
+	0x0590, 0x0590,
+	0x05c8, 0x05cf,
+	0x05eb, 0x05ee,
+	0x05f5, 0x05ff,
+	0x070e, 0x070e,
+	0x074b, 0x074c,
+	0x07b2, 0x07bf,
+	0x07fb, 0x07fc,
+	0x082e, 0x082f,
+	0x083f, 0x083f,
+	0x085c, 0x085d,
+	0x085f, 0x085f,
+	0x086b, 0x086f,
+	0x088f, 0x088f,
+	0x0892, 0x0897,
+	0x0984, 0x0984,
+	0x098d, 0x098e,
+	0x0991, 0x0992,
+	0x09a9, 0x09a9,
+	0x09b1, 0x09b1,
+	0x09b3, 0x09b5,
+	0x09ba, 0x09bb,
+	0x09c5, 0x09c6,
+	0x09c9, 0x09ca,
+	0x09cf, 0x09d6,
+	0x09d8, 0x09db,
+	0x09de, 0x09de,
+	0x09e4, 0x09e5,
+	0x09ff, 0x0a00,
+	0x0a04, 0x0a04,
+	0x0a0b, 0x0a0e,
+	0x0a11, 0x0a12,
+	0x0a29, 0x0a29,
+	0x0a31, 0x0a31,
+	0x0a34, 0x0a34,
+	0x0a37, 0x0a37,
+	0x0a3a, 0x0a3b,
+	0x0a3d, 0x0a3d,
+	0x0a43, 0x0a46,
+	0x0a49, 0x0a4a,
+	0x0a4e, 0x0a50,
+	0x0a52, 0x0a58,
+	0x0a5d, 0x0a5d,
+	0x0a5f, 0x0a65,
+	0x0a77, 0x0a80,
+	0x0a84, 0x0a84,
+	0x0a8e, 0x0a8e,
+	0x0a92, 0x0a92,
+	0x0aa9, 0x0aa9,
+	0x0ab1, 0x0ab1,
+	0x0ab4, 0x0ab4,
+	0x0aba, 0x0abb,
+	0x0ac6, 0x0ac6,
+	0x0aca, 0x0aca,
+	0x0ace, 0x0acf,
+	0x0ad1, 0x0adf,
+	0x0ae4, 0x0ae5,
+	0x0af2, 0x0af8,
+	0x0b00, 0x0b00,
+	0x0b04, 0x0b04,
+	0x0b0d, 0x0b0e,
+	0x0b11, 0x0b12,
+	0x0b29, 0x0b29,
+	0x0b31, 0x0b31,
+	0x0b34, 0x0b34,
+	0x0b3a, 0x0b3b,
+	0x0b45, 0x0b46,
+	0x0b49, 0x0b4a,
+	0x0b4e, 0x0b54,
+	0x0b58, 0x0b5b,
+	0x0b5e, 0x0b5e,
+	0x0b64, 0x0b65,
+	0x0b78, 0x0b81,
+	0x0b84, 0x0b84,
+	0x0b8b, 0x0b8d,
+	0x0b91, 0x0b91,
+	0x0b96, 0x0b98,
+	0x0b9b, 0x0b9b,
+	0x0b9d, 0x0b9d,
+	0x0ba0, 0x0ba2,
+	0x0ba5, 0x0ba7,
+	0x0bab, 0x0bad,
+	0x0bba, 0x0bbd,
+	0x0bc3, 0x0bc5,
+	0x0bc9, 0x0bc9,
+	0x0bce, 0x0bcf,
+	0x0bd1, 0x0bd6,
+	0x0bd8, 0x0be5,
+	0x0bfb, 0x0bff,
+	0x0c0d, 0x0c0d,
+	0x0c11, 0x0c11,
+	0x0c29, 0x0c29,
+	0x0c3a, 0x0c3b,
+	0x0c45, 0x0c45,
+	0x0c49, 0x0c49,
+	0x0c4e, 0x0c54,
+	0x0c57, 0x0c57,
+	0x0c5b, 0x0c5c,
+	0x0c5e, 0x0c5f,
+	0x0c64, 0x0c65,
+	0x0c70, 0x0c76,
+	0x0c8d, 0x0c8d,
+	0x0c91, 0x0c91,
+	0x0ca9, 0x0ca9,
+	0x0cb4, 0x0cb4,
+	0x0cba, 0x0cbb,
+	0x0cc5, 0x0cc5,
+	0x0cc9, 0x0cc9,
+	0x0cce, 0x0cd4,
+	0x0cd7, 0x0cdc,
+	0x0cdf, 0x0cdf,
+	0x0ce4, 0x0ce5,
+	0x0cf0, 0x0cf0,
+	0x0cf4, 0x0cff,
+	0x0d0d, 0x0d0d,
+	0x0d11, 0x0d11,
+	0x0d45, 0x0d45,
+	0x0d49, 0x0d49,
+	0x0d50, 0x0d53,
+	0x0d64, 0x0d65,
+	0x0d80, 0x0d80,
+	0x0d84, 0x0d84,
+	0x0d97, 0x0d99,
+	0x0db2, 0x0db2,
+	0x0dbc, 0x0dbc,
+	0x0dbe, 0x0dbf,
+	0x0dc7, 0x0dc9,
+	0x0dcb, 0x0dce,
+	0x0dd5, 0x0dd5,
+	0x0dd7, 0x0dd7,
+	0x0de0, 0x0de5,
+	0x0df0, 0x0df1,
+	0x0df5, 0x0e00,
+	0x0e3b, 0x0e3e,
+	0x0e5c, 0x0e80,
+	0x0e83, 0x0e83,
+	0x0e85, 0x0e85,
+	0x0e8b, 0x0e8b,
+	0x0ea4, 0x0ea4,
+	0x0ea6, 0x0ea6,
+	0x0ebe, 0x0ebf,
+	0x0ec5, 0x0ec5,
+	0x0ec7, 0x0ec7,
+	0x0ecf, 0x0ecf,
+	0x0eda, 0x0edb,
+	0x0ee0, 0x0eff,
+	0x0f48, 0x0f48,
+	0x0f6d, 0x0f70,
+	0x0f98, 0x0f98,
+	0x0fbd, 0x0fbd,
+	0x0fcd, 0x0fcd,
+	0x0fdb, 0x0fff,
+	0x10c6, 0x10c6,
+	0x10c8, 0x10cc,
+	0x10ce, 0x10cf,
+	0x1249, 0x1249,
+	0x124e, 0x124f,
+	0x1257, 0x1257,
+	0x1259, 0x1259,
+	0x125e, 0x125f,
+	0x1289, 0x1289,
+	0x128e, 0x128f,
+	0x12b1, 0x12b1,
+	0x12b6, 0x12b7,
+	0x12bf, 0x12bf,
+	0x12c1, 0x12c1,
+	0x12c6, 0x12c7,
+	0x12d7, 0x12d7,
+	0x1311, 0x1311,
+	0x1316, 0x1317,
+	0x135b, 0x135c,
+	0x137d, 0x137f,
+	0x139a, 0x139f,
+	0x13f6, 0x13f7,
+	0x13fe, 0x13ff,
+	0x169d, 0x169f,
+	0x16f9, 0x16ff,
+	0x1716, 0x171e,
+	0x1737, 0x173f,
+	0x1754, 0x175f,
+	0x176d, 0x176d,
+	0x1771, 0x1771,
+	0x1774, 0x177f,
+	0x17de, 0x17df,
+	0x17ea, 0x17ef,
+	0x17fa, 0x17ff,
+	0x181a, 0x181f,
+	0x1879, 0x187f,
+	0x18ab, 0x18af,
+	0x18f6, 0x18ff,
+	0x191f, 0x191f,
+	0x192c, 0x192f,
+	0x193c, 0x193f,
+	0x1941, 0x1943,
+	0x196e, 0x196f,
+	0x1975, 0x197f,
+	0x19ac, 0x19af,
+	0x19ca, 0x19cf,
+	0x19db, 0x19dd,
+	0x1a1c, 0x1a1d,
+	0x1a5f, 0x1a5f,
+	0x1a7d, 0x1a7e,
+	0x1a8a, 0x1a8f,
+	0x1a9a, 0x1a9f,
+	0x1aae, 0x1aaf,
+	0x1acf, 0x1aff,
+	0x1b4d, 0x1b4f,
+	0x1b7f, 0x1b7f,
+	0x1bf4, 0x1bfb,
+	0x1c38, 0x1c3a,
+	0x1c4a, 0x1c4c,
+	0x1c89, 0x1c8f,
+	0x1cbb, 0x1cbc,
+	0x1cc8, 0x1ccf,
+	0x1cfb, 0x1cff,
+	0x1f16, 0x1f17,
+	0x1f1e, 0x1f1f,
+	0x1f46, 0x1f47,
+	0x1f4e, 0x1f4f,
+	0x1f58, 0x1f58,
+	0x1f5a, 0x1f5a,
+	0x1f5c, 0x1f5c,
+	0x1f5e, 0x1f5e,
+	0x1f7e, 0x1f7f,
+	0x1fb5, 0x1fb5,
+	0x1fc5, 0x1fc5,
+	0x1fd4, 0x1fd5,
+	0x1fdc, 0x1fdc,
+	0x1ff0, 0x1ff1,
+	0x1ff5, 0x1ff5,
+	0x1fff, 0x1fff,
+	0x2065, 0x2065,
+	0x2072, 0x2073,
+	0x208f, 0x208f,
+	0x209d, 0x209f,
+	0x20c1, 0x20cf,
+	0x20f1, 0x20ff,
+	0x218c, 0x218f,
+	0x2427, 0x243f,
+	0x244b, 0x245f,
+	0x2b74, 0x2b75,
+	0x2b96, 0x2b96,
+	0x2cf4, 0x2cf8,
+	0x2d26, 0x2d26,
+	0x2d28, 0x2d2c,
+	0x2d2e, 0x2d2f,
+	0x2d68, 0x2d6e,
+	0x2d71, 0x2d7e,
+	0x2d97, 0x2d9f,
+	0x2da7, 0x2da7,
+	0x2daf, 0x2daf,
+	0x2db7, 0x2db7,
+	0x2dbf, 0x2dbf,
+	0x2dc7, 0x2dc7,
+	0x2dcf, 0x2dcf,
+	0x2dd7, 0x2dd7,
+	0x2ddf, 0x2ddf,
+	0x2e5e, 0x2e7f,
+	0x2e9a, 0x2e9a,
+	0x2ef4, 0x2eff,
+	0x2fd6, 0x2fef,
+	0x2ffc, 0x2fff,
+	0x3040, 0x3040,
+	0x3097, 0x3098,
+	0x3100, 0x3104,
+	0x3130, 0x3130,
+	0x318f, 0x318f,
+	0x31e4, 0x31ef,
+	0x321f, 0x321f,
+	0xa48d, 0xa48f,
+	0xa4c7, 0xa4cf,
+	0xa62c, 0xa63f,
+	0xa6f8, 0xa6ff,
+	0xa7cb, 0xa7cf,
+	0xa7d2, 0xa7d2,
+	0xa7d4, 0xa7d4,
+	0xa7da, 0xa7f1,
+	0xa82d, 0xa82f,
+	0xa83a, 0xa83f,
+	0xa878, 0xa87f,
+	0xa8c6, 0xa8cd,
+	0xa8da, 0xa8df,
+	0xa954, 0xa95e,
+	0xa97d, 0xa97f,
+	0xa9ce, 0xa9ce,
+	0xa9da, 0xa9dd,
+	0xa9ff, 0xa9ff,
+	0xaa37, 0xaa3f,
+	0xaa4e, 0xaa4f,
+	0xaa5a, 0xaa5b,
+	0xaac3, 0xaada,
+	0xaaf7, 0xab00,
+	0xab07, 0xab08,
+	0xab0f, 0xab10,
+	0xab17, 0xab1f,
+	0xab27, 0xab27,
+	0xab2f, 0xab2f,
+	0xab6c, 0xab6f,
+	0xabee, 0xabef,
+	0xabfa, 0xabff,
+	0xd7a4, 0xd7af,
+	0xd7c7, 0xd7ca,
+	0xd7fc, 0xd7ff,
+	0xfa6e, 0xfa6f,
+	0xfada, 0xfaff,
+	0xfb07, 0xfb12,
+	0xfb18, 0xfb1c,
+	0xfb37, 0xfb37,
+	0xfb3d, 0xfb3d,
+	0xfb3f, 0xfb3f,
+	0xfb42, 0xfb42,
+	0xfb45, 0xfb45,
+	0xfbc3, 0xfbd2,
+	0xfd90, 0xfd91,
+	0xfdc8, 0xfdce,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
+	0xfe1a, 0xfe1f,
+	0xfe53, 0xfe53,
+	0xfe67, 0xfe67,
+	0xfe6c, 0xfe6f,
+	0xfe75, 0xfe75,
+	0xfefd, 0xfefe,
+	0xff00, 0xff00,
+	0xffbf, 0xffc1,
+	0xffc8, 0xffc9,
+	0xffd0, 0xffd1,
+	0xffd8, 0xffd9,
+	0xffdd, 0xffdf,
+	0xffe7, 0xffe7,
+	0xffef, 0xfff8,
+	0xfffe, 0xffff,
+	0x1000c, 0x1000c,
+	0x10027, 0x10027,
+	0x1003b, 0x1003b,
+	0x1003e, 0x1003e,
+	0x1004e, 0x1004f,
+	0x1005e, 0x1007f,
+	0x100fb, 0x100ff,
+	0x10103, 0x10106,
+	0x10134, 0x10136,
+	0x1018f, 0x1018f,
+	0x1019d, 0x1019f,
+	0x101a1, 0x101cf,
+	0x101fe, 0x1027f,
+	0x1029d, 0x1029f,
+	0x102d1, 0x102df,
+	0x102fc, 0x102ff,
+	0x10324, 0x1032c,
+	0x1034b, 0x1034f,
+	0x1037b, 0x1037f,
+	0x1039e, 0x1039e,
+	0x103c4, 0x103c7,
+	0x103d6, 0x103ff,
+	0x1049e, 0x1049f,
+	0x104aa, 0x104af,
+	0x104d4, 0x104d7,
+	0x104fc, 0x104ff,
+	0x10528, 0x1052f,
+	0x10564, 0x1056e,
+	0x1057b, 0x1057b,
+	0x1058b, 0x1058b,
+	0x10593, 0x10593,
+	0x10596, 0x10596,
+	0x105a2, 0x105a2,
+	0x105b2, 0x105b2,
+	0x105ba, 0x105ba,
+	0x105bd, 0x105ff,
+	0x10737, 0x1073f,
+	0x10756, 0x1075f,
+	0x10768, 0x1077f,
+	0x10786, 0x10786,
+	0x107b1, 0x107b1,
+	0x107bb, 0x107ff,
+	0x10806, 0x10807,
+	0x10809, 0x10809,
+	0x10836, 0x10836,
+	0x10839, 0x1083b,
+	0x1083d, 0x1083e,
+	0x10856, 0x10856,
+	0x1089f, 0x108a6,
+	0x108b0, 0x108df,
+	0x108f3, 0x108f3,
+	0x108f6, 0x108fa,
+	0x1091c, 0x1091e,
+	0x1093a, 0x1093e,
+	0x10940, 0x1097f,
+	0x109b8, 0x109bb,
+	0x109d0, 0x109d1,
+	0x10a04, 0x10a04,
+	0x10a07, 0x10a0b,
+	0x10a14, 0x10a14,
+	0x10a18, 0x10a18,
+	0x10a36, 0x10a37,
+	0x10a3b, 0x10a3e,
+	0x10a49, 0x10a4f,
+	0x10a59, 0x10a5f,
+	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
+	0x10ae7, 0x10aea,
+	0x10af7, 0x10aff,
+	0x10b36, 0x10b38,
+	0x10b56, 0x10b57,
+	0x10b73, 0x10b77,
+	0x10b92, 0x10b98,
+	0x10b9d, 0x10ba8,
+	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
+	0x10c49, 0x10c7f,
+	0x10cb3, 0x10cbf,
+	0x10cf3, 0x10cf9,
+	0x10d28, 0x10d2f,
+	0x10d3a, 0x10e5f,
+	0x10e7f, 0x10e7f,
+	0x10eaa, 0x10eaa,
+	0x10eae, 0x10eaf,
+	0x10eb2, 0x10efc,
+	0x10f28, 0x10f2f,
+	0x10f5a, 0x10f6f,
+	0x10f8a, 0x10faf,
+	0x10fcc, 0x10fdf,
+	0x10ff7, 0x10fff,
+	0x1104e, 0x11051,
+	0x11076, 0x1107e,
+	0x110c3, 0x110cc,
+	0x110ce, 0x110cf,
+	0x110e9, 0x110ef,
+	0x110fa, 0x110ff,
+	0x11135, 0x11135,
+	0x11148, 0x1114f,
+	0x11177, 0x1117f,
+	0x111e0, 0x111e0,
+	0x111f5, 0x111ff,
+	0x11212, 0x11212,
+	0x11242, 0x1127f,
+	0x11287, 0x11287,
+	0x11289, 0x11289,
+	0x1128e, 0x1128e,
+	0x1129e, 0x1129e,
+	0x112aa, 0x112af,
+	0x112eb, 0x112ef,
+	0x112fa, 0x112ff,
+	0x11304, 0x11304,
+	0x1130d, 0x1130e,
+	0x11311, 0x11312,
+	0x11329, 0x11329,
+	0x11331, 0x11331,
+	0x11334, 0x11334,
+	0x1133a, 0x1133a,
+	0x11345, 0x11346,
+	0x11349, 0x1134a,
+	0x1134e, 0x1134f,
+	0x11351, 0x11356,
+	0x11358, 0x1135c,
+	0x11364, 0x11365,
+	0x1136d, 0x1136f,
+	0x11375, 0x113ff,
+	0x1145c, 0x1145c,
+	0x11462, 0x1147f,
+	0x114c8, 0x114cf,
+	0x114da, 0x1157f,
+	0x115b6, 0x115b7,
+	0x115de, 0x115ff,
+	0x11645, 0x1164f,
+	0x1165a, 0x1165f,
+	0x1166d, 0x1167f,
+	0x116ba, 0x116bf,
+	0x116ca, 0x116ff,
+	0x1171b, 0x1171c,
+	0x1172c, 0x1172f,
+	0x11747, 0x117ff,
+	0x1183c, 0x1189f,
+	0x118f3, 0x118fe,
+	0x11907, 0x11908,
+	0x1190a, 0x1190b,
+	0x11914, 0x11914,
+	0x11917, 0x11917,
+	0x11936, 0x11936,
+	0x11939, 0x1193a,
+	0x11947, 0x1194f,
+	0x1195a, 0x1199f,
+	0x119a8, 0x119a9,
+	0x119d8, 0x119d9,
+	0x119e5, 0x119ff,
+	0x11a48, 0x11a4f,
+	0x11aa3, 0x11aaf,
+	0x11af9, 0x11aff,
+	0x11b0a, 0x11bff,
+	0x11c09, 0x11c09,
+	0x11c37, 0x11c37,
+	0x11c46, 0x11c4f,
+	0x11c6d, 0x11c6f,
+	0x11c90, 0x11c91,
+	0x11ca8, 0x11ca8,
+	0x11cb7, 0x11cff,
+	0x11d07, 0x11d07,
+	0x11d0a, 0x11d0a,
+	0x11d37, 0x11d39,
+	0x11d3b, 0x11d3b,
+	0x11d3e, 0x11d3e,
+	0x11d48, 0x11d4f,
+	0x11d5a, 0x11d5f,
+	0x11d66, 0x11d66,
+	0x11d69, 0x11d69,
+	0x11d8f, 0x11d8f,
+	0x11d92, 0x11d92,
+	0x11d99, 0x11d9f,
+	0x11daa, 0x11edf,
+	0x11ef9, 0x11eff,
+	0x11f11, 0x11f11,
+	0x11f3b, 0x11f3d,
+	0x11f5a, 0x11faf,
+	0x11fb1, 0x11fbf,
+	0x11ff2, 0x11ffe,
+	0x1239a, 0x123ff,
+	0x1246f, 0x1246f,
+	0x12475, 0x1247f,
+	0x12544, 0x12f8f,
+	0x12ff3, 0x12fff,
+	0x13456, 0x143ff,
+	0x14647, 0x167ff,
+	0x16a39, 0x16a3f,
+	0x16a5f, 0x16a5f,
+	0x16a6a, 0x16a6d,
+	0x16abf, 0x16abf,
+	0x16aca, 0x16acf,
+	0x16aee, 0x16aef,
+	0x16af6, 0x16aff,
+	0x16b46, 0x16b4f,
+	0x16b5a, 0x16b5a,
+	0x16b62, 0x16b62,
+	0x16b78, 0x16b7c,
+	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
+	0x16e9b, 0x16eff,
+	0x16f4b, 0x16f4e,
+	0x16f88, 0x16f8e,
+	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
+	0x16fe5, 0x16fef,
+	0x16ff2, 0x16fff,
+	0x187f8, 0x187ff,
+	0x18cd6, 0x18cff,
+	0x18d09, 0x1afef,
+	0x1aff4, 0x1aff4,
+	0x1affc, 0x1affc,
+	0x1afff, 0x1afff,
+	0x1b123, 0x1b131,
+	0x1b133, 0x1b14f,
+	0x1b153, 0x1b154,
+	0x1b156, 0x1b163,
+	0x1b168, 0x1b16f,
+	0x1b2fc, 0x1bbff,
+	0x1bc6b, 0x1bc6f,
+	0x1bc7d, 0x1bc7f,
+	0x1bc89, 0x1bc8f,
+	0x1bc9a, 0x1bc9b,
+	0x1bca4, 0x1ceff,
+	0x1cf2e, 0x1cf2f,
+	0x1cf47, 0x1cf4f,
+	0x1cfc4, 0x1cfff,
+	0x1d0f6, 0x1d0ff,
+	0x1d127, 0x1d128,
+	0x1d1eb, 0x1d1ff,
+	0x1d246, 0x1d2bf,
+	0x1d2d4, 0x1d2df,
+	0x1d2f4, 0x1d2ff,
+	0x1d357, 0x1d35f,
+	0x1d379, 0x1d3ff,
+	0x1d455, 0x1d455,
+	0x1d49d, 0x1d49d,
+	0x1d4a0, 0x1d4a1,
+	0x1d4a3, 0x1d4a4,
+	0x1d4a7, 0x1d4a8,
+	0x1d4ad, 0x1d4ad,
+	0x1d4ba, 0x1d4ba,
+	0x1d4bc, 0x1d4bc,
+	0x1d4c4, 0x1d4c4,
+	0x1d506, 0x1d506,
+	0x1d50b, 0x1d50c,
+	0x1d515, 0x1d515,
+	0x1d51d, 0x1d51d,
+	0x1d53a, 0x1d53a,
+	0x1d53f, 0x1d53f,
+	0x1d545, 0x1d545,
+	0x1d547, 0x1d549,
+	0x1d551, 0x1d551,
+	0x1d6a6, 0x1d6a7,
+	0x1d7cc, 0x1d7cd,
+	0x1da8c, 0x1da9a,
+	0x1daa0, 0x1daa0,
+	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
+	0x1df1f, 0x1df24,
+	0x1df2b, 0x1dfff,
+	0x1e007, 0x1e007,
+	0x1e019, 0x1e01a,
+	0x1e022, 0x1e022,
+	0x1e025, 0x1e025,
+	0x1e02b, 0x1e02f,
+	0x1e06e, 0x1e08e,
+	0x1e090, 0x1e0ff,
+	0x1e12d, 0x1e12f,
+	0x1e13e, 0x1e13f,
+	0x1e14a, 0x1e14d,
+	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
+	0x1e2af, 0x1e2bf,
+	0x1e2fa, 0x1e2fe,
+	0x1e300, 0x1e4cf,
+	0x1e4fa, 0x1e7df,
+	0x1e7e7, 0x1e7e7,
+	0x1e7ec, 0x1e7ec,
+	0x1e7ef, 0x1e7ef,
+	0x1e7ff, 0x1e7ff,
+	0x1e8c5, 0x1e8c6,
+	0x1e8d7, 0x1e8ff,
+	0x1e94c, 0x1e94f,
+	0x1e95a, 0x1e95d,
+	0x1e960, 0x1ec70,
+	0x1ecb5, 0x1ed00,
+	0x1ed3e, 0x1edff,
+	0x1ee04, 0x1ee04,
+	0x1ee20, 0x1ee20,
+	0x1ee23, 0x1ee23,
+	0x1ee25, 0x1ee26,
+	0x1ee28, 0x1ee28,
+	0x1ee33, 0x1ee33,
+	0x1ee38, 0x1ee38,
+	0x1ee3a, 0x1ee3a,
+	0x1ee3c, 0x1ee41,
+	0x1ee43, 0x1ee46,
+	0x1ee48, 0x1ee48,
+	0x1ee4a, 0x1ee4a,
+	0x1ee4c, 0x1ee4c,
+	0x1ee50, 0x1ee50,
+	0x1ee53, 0x1ee53,
+	0x1ee55, 0x1ee56,
+	0x1ee58, 0x1ee58,
+	0x1ee5a, 0x1ee5a,
+	0x1ee5c, 0x1ee5c,
+	0x1ee5e, 0x1ee5e,
+	0x1ee60, 0x1ee60,
+	0x1ee63, 0x1ee63,
+	0x1ee65, 0x1ee66,
+	0x1ee6b, 0x1ee6b,
+	0x1ee73, 0x1ee73,
+	0x1ee78, 0x1ee78,
+	0x1ee7d, 0x1ee7d,
+	0x1ee7f, 0x1ee7f,
+	0x1ee8a, 0x1ee8a,
+	0x1ee9c, 0x1eea0,
+	0x1eea4, 0x1eea4,
+	0x1eeaa, 0x1eeaa,
+	0x1eebc, 0x1eeef,
+	0x1eef2, 0x1efff,
+	0x1f02c, 0x1f02f,
+	0x1f094, 0x1f09f,
+	0x1f0af, 0x1f0b0,
+	0x1f0c0, 0x1f0c0,
+	0x1f0d0, 0x1f0d0,
+	0x1f0f6, 0x1f0ff,
+	0x1f1ae, 0x1f1e5,
+	0x1f203, 0x1f20f,
+	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
+	0x1f249, 0x1f24f,
+	0x1f252, 0x1f25f,
+	0x1f266, 0x1f2ff,
+	0x1f6d8, 0x1f6db,
+	0x1f6ed, 0x1f6ef,
+	0x1f6fd, 0x1f6ff,
+	0x1f777, 0x1f77a,
+	0x1f7da, 0x1f7df,
+	0x1f7ec, 0x1f7ef,
+	0x1f7f1, 0x1f7ff,
+	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
+	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
+	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
+	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
+	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8af,
+	0x1f8b2, 0x1f8ff,
+	0x1fa54, 0x1fa5f,
+	0x1fa6e, 0x1fa6f,
+	0x1fa7d, 0x1fa7f,
+	0x1fa89, 0x1fa8f,
+	0x1fabe, 0x1fabe,
+	0x1fac6, 0x1facd,
+	0x1fadc, 0x1fadf,
+	0x1fae9, 0x1faef,
+	0x1faf9, 0x1faff,
+	0x1fb93, 0x1fb93,
+	0x1fbcb, 0x1fbef,
+	0x1fbfa, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
+	0x2b73a, 0x2b73f,
+	0x2b81e, 0x2b81f,
+	0x2cea2, 0x2ceaf,
+	0x2ebe1, 0x2f7ff,
+	0x2fa1e, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3134b, 0x3134f,
+	0x323b0, 0xe0000,
+	0xe0002, 0xe001f,
+	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
+	0xe01f0, 0xeffff,
+	0xffffe, 0xfffff,
+	0x10fffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Cn */
+
+/* 'Co': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Co[] = {
+	3,
+	0xe000, 0xf8ff,
+	0xf0000, 0xffffd,
+	0x100000, 0x10fffd,
+}; /* CR_Co */
+
+/* 'Cs': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cs[] = {
+	1,
+	0xd800, 0xdfff,
+}; /* CR_Cs */
+
+/* 'L': Major Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_L[] = {
+	659,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0370, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0620, 0x064a,
+	0x066e, 0x066f,
+	0x0671, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
+	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
+	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
+	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x0710,
+	0x0712, 0x072f,
+	0x074d, 0x07a5,
+	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
+	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
+	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x0815,
+	0x081a, 0x081a,
+	0x0824, 0x0824,
+	0x0828, 0x0828,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
+	0x0904, 0x0939,
+	0x093d, 0x093d,
+	0x0950, 0x0950,
+	0x0958, 0x0961,
+	0x0971, 0x0980,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e1,
+	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
+	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
+	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
+	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
+	0x1000, 0x102a,
+	0x103f, 0x103f,
+	0x1050, 0x1055,
+	0x105a, 0x105d,
+	0x1061, 0x1061,
+	0x1065, 0x1066,
+	0x106e, 0x1070,
+	0x1075, 0x1081,
+	0x108e, 0x108e,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16f1, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1711,
+	0x171f, 0x1731,
+	0x1740, 0x1751,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x1884,
+	0x1887, 0x18a8,
+	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1950, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
+	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
+	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
+	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2183, 0x2184,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x3005, 0x3006,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x303b, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa61f,
+	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66e,
+	0xa67f, 0xa69d,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6e5,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
+	0xa803, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa80a,
+	0xa80c, 0xa822,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
+	0xa90a, 0xa925,
+	0xa930, 0xa946,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
+	0xa9e6, 0xa9ef,
+	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
+	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
+	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
+	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
+	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
+	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf4,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabe2,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
+	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x10340,
+	0x10342, 0x10349,
+	0x10350, 0x10375,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
+	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11003, 0x11037,
+	0x11071, 0x11072,
+	0x11075, 0x11075,
+	0x11083, 0x110af,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x11103, 0x11126,
+	0x11144, 0x11144,
+	0x11147, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11183, 0x111b2,
+	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
+	0x111da, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1122b,
+	0x1123f, 0x11240,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112de,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x1135d, 0x11361,
+	0x11400, 0x11434,
+	0x11447, 0x1144a,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114af,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x11580, 0x115ae,
+	0x115d8, 0x115db,
+	0x11600, 0x1162f,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11680, 0x116aa,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1182b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x1192f,
+	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
+	0x11941, 0x11941,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
+	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
+	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
+	0x11f02, 0x11f02,
+	0x11f04, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f33,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
+	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_L */
+
+/* 'LC': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_LC[] = {
+	143,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x01ba,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c4, 0x0293,
+	0x0295, 0x02af,
+	0x0370, 0x0373,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1d00, 0x1d2b,
+	0x1d6b, 0x1d77,
+	0x1d79, 0x1d9a,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2134,
+	0x2139, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2183, 0x2184,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c7b,
+	0x2c7e, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa640, 0xa66d,
+	0xa680, 0xa69b,
+	0xa722, 0xa76f,
+	0xa771, 0xa787,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa7f6,
+	0xa7fa, 0xa7fa,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab60, 0xab68,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10400, 0x1044f,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
+	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+}; /* CR_LC */
+
+/* 'Ll': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ll[] = {
+	658,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00df, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
+	0x0101, 0x0101,
+	0x0103, 0x0103,
+	0x0105, 0x0105,
+	0x0107, 0x0107,
+	0x0109, 0x0109,
+	0x010b, 0x010b,
+	0x010d, 0x010d,
+	0x010f, 0x010f,
+	0x0111, 0x0111,
+	0x0113, 0x0113,
+	0x0115, 0x0115,
+	0x0117, 0x0117,
+	0x0119, 0x0119,
+	0x011b, 0x011b,
+	0x011d, 0x011d,
+	0x011f, 0x011f,
+	0x0121, 0x0121,
+	0x0123, 0x0123,
+	0x0125, 0x0125,
+	0x0127, 0x0127,
+	0x0129, 0x0129,
+	0x012b, 0x012b,
+	0x012d, 0x012d,
+	0x012f, 0x012f,
+	0x0131, 0x0131,
+	0x0133, 0x0133,
+	0x0135, 0x0135,
+	0x0137, 0x0138,
+	0x013a, 0x013a,
+	0x013c, 0x013c,
+	0x013e, 0x013e,
+	0x0140, 0x0140,
+	0x0142, 0x0142,
+	0x0144, 0x0144,
+	0x0146, 0x0146,
+	0x0148, 0x0149,
+	0x014b, 0x014b,
+	0x014d, 0x014d,
+	0x014f, 0x014f,
+	0x0151, 0x0151,
+	0x0153, 0x0153,
+	0x0155, 0x0155,
+	0x0157, 0x0157,
+	0x0159, 0x0159,
+	0x015b, 0x015b,
+	0x015d, 0x015d,
+	0x015f, 0x015f,
+	0x0161, 0x0161,
+	0x0163, 0x0163,
+	0x0165, 0x0165,
+	0x0167, 0x0167,
+	0x0169, 0x0169,
+	0x016b, 0x016b,
+	0x016d, 0x016d,
+	0x016f, 0x016f,
+	0x0171, 0x0171,
+	0x0173, 0x0173,
+	0x0175, 0x0175,
+	0x0177, 0x0177,
+	0x017a, 0x017a,
+	0x017c, 0x017c,
+	0x017e, 0x0180,
+	0x0183, 0x0183,
+	0x0185, 0x0185,
+	0x0188, 0x0188,
+	0x018c, 0x018d,
+	0x0192, 0x0192,
+	0x0195, 0x0195,
+	0x0199, 0x019b,
+	0x019e, 0x019e,
+	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
+	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
+	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
+	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
+	0x01aa, 0x01ab,
+	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
+	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
+	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
+	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
+	0x01b9, 0x01ba,
+	0x01bd, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c6, 0x01c6,
+	0x01c9, 0x01c9,
+	0x01cc, 0x01cc,
+	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
+	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
+	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
+	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
+	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
+	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
+	0x01da, 0x01da,
+	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
+	0x01df, 0x01df,
+	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
+	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
+	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
+	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
+	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
+	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
+	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
+	0x01ef, 0x01f0,
+	0x01f3, 0x01f3,
+	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
+	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
+	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
+	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
+	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
+	0x0201, 0x0201,
+	0x0203, 0x0203,
+	0x0205, 0x0205,
+	0x0207, 0x0207,
+	0x0209, 0x0209,
+	0x020b, 0x020b,
+	0x020d, 0x020d,
+	0x020f, 0x020f,
+	0x0211, 0x0211,
+	0x0213, 0x0213,
+	0x0215, 0x0215,
+	0x0217, 0x0217,
+	0x0219, 0x0219,
+	0x021b, 0x021b,
+	0x021d, 0x021d,
+	0x021f, 0x021f,
+	0x0221, 0x0221,
+	0x0223, 0x0223,
+	0x0225, 0x0225,
+	0x0227, 0x0227,
+	0x0229, 0x0229,
+	0x022b, 0x022b,
+	0x022d, 0x022d,
+	0x022f, 0x022f,
+	0x0231, 0x0231,
+	0x0233, 0x0239,
+	0x023c, 0x023c,
+	0x023f, 0x0240,
+	0x0242, 0x0242,
+	0x0247, 0x0247,
+	0x0249, 0x0249,
+	0x024b, 0x024b,
+	0x024d, 0x024d,
+	0x024f, 0x0293,
+	0x0295, 0x02af,
+	0x0371, 0x0371,
+	0x0373, 0x0373,
+	0x0377, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x0390, 0x0390,
+	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
+	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
+	0x03db, 0x03db,
+	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
+	0x03df, 0x03df,
+	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
+	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
+	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
+	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
+	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
+	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
+	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
+	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
+	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
+	0x03fb, 0x03fc,
+	0x0430, 0x045f,
+	0x0461, 0x0461,
+	0x0463, 0x0463,
+	0x0465, 0x0465,
+	0x0467, 0x0467,
+	0x0469, 0x0469,
+	0x046b, 0x046b,
+	0x046d, 0x046d,
+	0x046f, 0x046f,
+	0x0471, 0x0471,
+	0x0473, 0x0473,
+	0x0475, 0x0475,
+	0x0477, 0x0477,
+	0x0479, 0x0479,
+	0x047b, 0x047b,
+	0x047d, 0x047d,
+	0x047f, 0x047f,
+	0x0481, 0x0481,
+	0x048b, 0x048b,
+	0x048d, 0x048d,
+	0x048f, 0x048f,
+	0x0491, 0x0491,
+	0x0493, 0x0493,
+	0x0495, 0x0495,
+	0x0497, 0x0497,
+	0x0499, 0x0499,
+	0x049b, 0x049b,
+	0x049d, 0x049d,
+	0x049f, 0x049f,
+	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
+	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
+	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
+	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
+	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
+	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
+	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
+	0x04af, 0x04af,
+	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
+	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
+	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
+	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
+	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
+	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
+	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
+	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
+	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
+	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
+	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
+	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
+	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
+	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
+	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
+	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
+	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
+	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
+	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
+	0x04db, 0x04db,
+	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
+	0x04df, 0x04df,
+	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
+	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
+	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
+	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
+	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
+	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
+	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
+	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
+	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
+	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
+	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
+	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
+	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
+	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
+	0x0501, 0x0501,
+	0x0503, 0x0503,
+	0x0505, 0x0505,
+	0x0507, 0x0507,
+	0x0509, 0x0509,
+	0x050b, 0x050b,
+	0x050d, 0x050d,
+	0x050f, 0x050f,
+	0x0511, 0x0511,
+	0x0513, 0x0513,
+	0x0515, 0x0515,
+	0x0517, 0x0517,
+	0x0519, 0x0519,
+	0x051b, 0x051b,
+	0x051d, 0x051d,
+	0x051f, 0x051f,
+	0x0521, 0x0521,
+	0x0523, 0x0523,
+	0x0525, 0x0525,
+	0x0527, 0x0527,
+	0x0529, 0x0529,
+	0x052b, 0x052b,
+	0x052d, 0x052d,
+	0x052f, 0x052f,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1d00, 0x1d2b,
+	0x1d6b, 0x1d77,
+	0x1d79, 0x1d9a,
+	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
+	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
+	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
+	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
+	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
+	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
+	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
+	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
+	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
+	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
+	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
+	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
+	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
+	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
+	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
+	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
+	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
+	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
+	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
+	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
+	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
+	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
+	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
+	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
+	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
+	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
+	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
+	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
+	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
+	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
+	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
+	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
+	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
+	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
+	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
+	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
+	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
+	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
+	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
+	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
+	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
+	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
+	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
+	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
+	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
+	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
+	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
+	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
+	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
+	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
+	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
+	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
+	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
+	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
+	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
+	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
+	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
+	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
+	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
+	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
+	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
+	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
+	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
+	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
+	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
+	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
+	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
+	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
+	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
+	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
+	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
+	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
+	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
+	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
+	0x1e95, 0x1e9d,
+	0x1e9f, 0x1e9f,
+	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
+	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
+	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
+	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
+	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
+	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
+	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
+	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
+	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
+	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
+	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
+	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
+	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
+	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
+	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
+	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
+	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
+	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
+	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
+	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
+	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
+	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
+	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
+	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
+	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
+	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
+	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
+	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
+	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
+	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
+	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
+	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
+	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
+	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
+	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
+	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
+	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
+	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
+	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
+	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
+	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
+	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
+	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
+	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
+	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
+	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
+	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
+	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
+	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
+	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
+	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1f87,
+	0x1f90, 0x1f97,
+	0x1fa0, 0x1fa7,
+	0x1fb0, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
+	0x210a, 0x210a,
+	0x210e, 0x210f,
+	0x2113, 0x2113,
+	0x212f, 0x212f,
+	0x2134, 0x2134,
+	0x2139, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213d,
+	0x2146, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2184, 0x2184,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
+	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
+	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
+	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
+	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
+	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
+	0x2c71, 0x2c71,
+	0x2c73, 0x2c74,
+	0x2c76, 0x2c7b,
+	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
+	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
+	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
+	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
+	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
+	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
+	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
+	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
+	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
+	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
+	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
+	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
+	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
+	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
+	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
+	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
+	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
+	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
+	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
+	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
+	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
+	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
+	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
+	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
+	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
+	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
+	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
+	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
+	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
+	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
+	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
+	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
+	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
+	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
+	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
+	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
+	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
+	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
+	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
+	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
+	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
+	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
+	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
+	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
+	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
+	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
+	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
+	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
+	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
+	0x2ce3, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
+	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa641, 0xa641,
+	0xa643, 0xa643,
+	0xa645, 0xa645,
+	0xa647, 0xa647,
+	0xa649, 0xa649,
+	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
+	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
+	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
+	0xa651, 0xa651,
+	0xa653, 0xa653,
+	0xa655, 0xa655,
+	0xa657, 0xa657,
+	0xa659, 0xa659,
+	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
+	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
+	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
+	0xa661, 0xa661,
+	0xa663, 0xa663,
+	0xa665, 0xa665,
+	0xa667, 0xa667,
+	0xa669, 0xa669,
+	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
+	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
+	0xa681, 0xa681,
+	0xa683, 0xa683,
+	0xa685, 0xa685,
+	0xa687, 0xa687,
+	0xa689, 0xa689,
+	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
+	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
+	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
+	0xa691, 0xa691,
+	0xa693, 0xa693,
+	0xa695, 0xa695,
+	0xa697, 0xa697,
+	0xa699, 0xa699,
+	0xa69b, 0xa69b,
+	0xa723, 0xa723,
+	0xa725, 0xa725,
+	0xa727, 0xa727,
+	0xa729, 0xa729,
+	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
+	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
+	0xa72f, 0xa731,
+	0xa733, 0xa733,
+	0xa735, 0xa735,
+	0xa737, 0xa737,
+	0xa739, 0xa739,
+	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
+	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
+	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
+	0xa741, 0xa741,
+	0xa743, 0xa743,
+	0xa745, 0xa745,
+	0xa747, 0xa747,
+	0xa749, 0xa749,
+	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
+	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
+	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
+	0xa751, 0xa751,
+	0xa753, 0xa753,
+	0xa755, 0xa755,
+	0xa757, 0xa757,
+	0xa759, 0xa759,
+	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
+	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
+	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
+	0xa761, 0xa761,
+	0xa763, 0xa763,
+	0xa765, 0xa765,
+	0xa767, 0xa767,
+	0xa769, 0xa769,
+	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
+	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
+	0xa76f, 0xa76f,
+	0xa771, 0xa778,
+	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
+	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
+	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
+	0xa781, 0xa781,
+	0xa783, 0xa783,
+	0xa785, 0xa785,
+	0xa787, 0xa787,
+	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
+	0xa78e, 0xa78e,
+	0xa791, 0xa791,
+	0xa793, 0xa795,
+	0xa797, 0xa797,
+	0xa799, 0xa799,
+	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
+	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
+	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
+	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
+	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
+	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
+	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
+	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
+	0xa7af, 0xa7af,
+	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
+	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
+	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
+	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
+	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
+	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
+	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
+	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d5,
+	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
+	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
+	0xa7fa, 0xa7fa,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab60, 0xab68,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10428, 0x1044f,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118c0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1d41a, 0x1d433,
+	0x1d44e, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d467,
+	0x1d482, 0x1d49b,
+	0x1d4b6, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d4cf,
+	0x1d4ea, 0x1d503,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d537,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d56b,
+	0x1d586, 0x1d59f,
+	0x1d5ba, 0x1d5d3,
+	0x1d5ee, 0x1d607,
+	0x1d622, 0x1d63b,
+	0x1d656, 0x1d66f,
+	0x1d68a, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6e1,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d71b,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d755,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d78f,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7c9,
+	0x1d7cb, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
+	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
+}; /* CR_Ll */
+
+/* 'Lm': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lm[] = {
+	71,
+	0x02b0, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0374, 0x0374,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0640, 0x0640,
+	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
+	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x081a, 0x081a,
+	0x0824, 0x0824,
+	0x0828, 0x0828,
+	0x08c9, 0x08c9,
+	0x0971, 0x0971,
+	0x0e46, 0x0e46,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x10fc, 0x10fc,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x1843, 0x1843,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1c78, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
+	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
+	0x1d9b, 0x1dbf,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2c7c, 0x2c7d,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x3005, 0x3005,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x303b, 0x303b,
+	0x309d, 0x309e,
+	0x30fc, 0x30fe,
+	0xa015, 0xa015,
+	0xa4f8, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa60c, 0xa60c,
+	0xa67f, 0xa67f,
+	0xa69c, 0xa69d,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa770, 0xa770,
+	0xa788, 0xa788,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa7f4,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e6, 0xa9e6,
+	0xaa70, 0xaa70,
+	0xaadd, 0xaadd,
+	0xaaf3, 0xaaf4,
+	0xab5c, 0xab5f,
+	0xab69, 0xab69,
+	0xff70, 0xff70,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e4eb, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+}; /* CR_Lm */
+
+/* 'Lo': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lo[] = {
+	510,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x01bb, 0x01bb,
+	0x01c0, 0x01c3,
+	0x0294, 0x0294,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0620, 0x063f,
+	0x0641, 0x064a,
+	0x066e, 0x066f,
+	0x0671, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
+	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
+	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x0710,
+	0x0712, 0x072f,
+	0x074d, 0x07a5,
+	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
+	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
+	0x0800, 0x0815,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c8,
+	0x0904, 0x0939,
+	0x093d, 0x093d,
+	0x0950, 0x0950,
+	0x0958, 0x0961,
+	0x0972, 0x0980,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e1,
+	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
+	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e45,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
+	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
+	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
+	0x1000, 0x102a,
+	0x103f, 0x103f,
+	0x1050, 0x1055,
+	0x105a, 0x105d,
+	0x1061, 0x1061,
+	0x1065, 0x1066,
+	0x106e, 0x1070,
+	0x1075, 0x1081,
+	0x108e, 0x108e,
+	0x1100, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16f1, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1711,
+	0x171f, 0x1731,
+	0x1740, 0x1751,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
+	0x1820, 0x1842,
+	0x1844, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x1884,
+	0x1887, 0x18a8,
+	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1950, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
+	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
+	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
+	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
+	0x1c5a, 0x1c77,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x2135, 0x2138,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x3006, 0x3006,
+	0x303c, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309f, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30ff, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa014,
+	0xa016, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4f7,
+	0xa500, 0xa60b,
+	0xa610, 0xa61f,
+	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
+	0xa66e, 0xa66e,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6e5,
+	0xa78f, 0xa78f,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa7f7,
+	0xa7fb, 0xa801,
+	0xa803, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa80a,
+	0xa80c, 0xa822,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
+	0xa90a, 0xa925,
+	0xa930, 0xa946,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
+	0xa9e7, 0xa9ef,
+	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
+	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa6f,
+	0xaa71, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
+	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
+	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
+	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
+	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadc,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf2,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xabc0, 0xabe2,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
+	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff66, 0xff6f,
+	0xff71, 0xff9d,
+	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x10340,
+	0x10342, 0x10349,
+	0x10350, 0x10375,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x10450, 0x1049d,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
+	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11003, 0x11037,
+	0x11071, 0x11072,
+	0x11075, 0x11075,
+	0x11083, 0x110af,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x11103, 0x11126,
+	0x11144, 0x11144,
+	0x11147, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11183, 0x111b2,
+	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
+	0x111da, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1122b,
+	0x1123f, 0x11240,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112de,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x1135d, 0x11361,
+	0x11400, 0x11434,
+	0x11447, 0x1144a,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114af,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x11580, 0x115ae,
+	0x115d8, 0x115db,
+	0x11600, 0x1162f,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11680, 0x116aa,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1182b,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x1192f,
+	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
+	0x11941, 0x11941,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
+	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
+	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
+	0x11f02, 0x11f02,
+	0x11f04, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f33,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1df0a, 0x1df0a,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4ea,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Lo */
+
+/* 'Lt': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lt[] = {
+	10,
+	0x01c5, 0x01c5,
+	0x01c8, 0x01c8,
+	0x01cb, 0x01cb,
+	0x01f2, 0x01f2,
+	0x1f88, 0x1f8f,
+	0x1f98, 0x1f9f,
+	0x1fa8, 0x1faf,
+	0x1fbc, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fcc, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1ffc, 0x1ffc,
+}; /* CR_Lt */
+
+/* 'Lu': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lu[] = {
+	646,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00de,
+	0x0100, 0x0100,
+	0x0102, 0x0102,
+	0x0104, 0x0104,
+	0x0106, 0x0106,
+	0x0108, 0x0108,
+	0x010a, 0x010a,
+	0x010c, 0x010c,
+	0x010e, 0x010e,
+	0x0110, 0x0110,
+	0x0112, 0x0112,
+	0x0114, 0x0114,
+	0x0116, 0x0116,
+	0x0118, 0x0118,
+	0x011a, 0x011a,
+	0x011c, 0x011c,
+	0x011e, 0x011e,
+	0x0120, 0x0120,
+	0x0122, 0x0122,
+	0x0124, 0x0124,
+	0x0126, 0x0126,
+	0x0128, 0x0128,
+	0x012a, 0x012a,
+	0x012c, 0x012c,
+	0x012e, 0x012e,
+	0x0130, 0x0130,
+	0x0132, 0x0132,
+	0x0134, 0x0134,
+	0x0136, 0x0136,
+	0x0139, 0x0139,
+	0x013b, 0x013b,
+	0x013d, 0x013d,
+	0x013f, 0x013f,
+	0x0141, 0x0141,
+	0x0143, 0x0143,
+	0x0145, 0x0145,
+	0x0147, 0x0147,
+	0x014a, 0x014a,
+	0x014c, 0x014c,
+	0x014e, 0x014e,
+	0x0150, 0x0150,
+	0x0152, 0x0152,
+	0x0154, 0x0154,
+	0x0156, 0x0156,
+	0x0158, 0x0158,
+	0x015a, 0x015a,
+	0x015c, 0x015c,
+	0x015e, 0x015e,
+	0x0160, 0x0160,
+	0x0162, 0x0162,
+	0x0164, 0x0164,
+	0x0166, 0x0166,
+	0x0168, 0x0168,
+	0x016a, 0x016a,
+	0x016c, 0x016c,
+	0x016e, 0x016e,
+	0x0170, 0x0170,
+	0x0172, 0x0172,
+	0x0174, 0x0174,
+	0x0176, 0x0176,
+	0x0178, 0x0179,
+	0x017b, 0x017b,
+	0x017d, 0x017d,
+	0x0181, 0x0182,
+	0x0184, 0x0184,
+	0x0186, 0x0187,
+	0x0189, 0x018b,
+	0x018e, 0x0191,
+	0x0193, 0x0194,
+	0x0196, 0x0198,
+	0x019c, 0x019d,
+	0x019f, 0x01a0,
+	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
+	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
+	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
+	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
+	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
+	0x01ae, 0x01af,
+	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
+	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
+	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
+	0x01c4, 0x01c4,
+	0x01c7, 0x01c7,
+	0x01ca, 0x01ca,
+	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
+	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
+	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
+	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
+	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
+	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
+	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
+	0x01db, 0x01db,
+	0x01de, 0x01de,
+	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
+	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
+	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
+	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
+	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
+	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
+	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
+	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
+	0x01f1, 0x01f1,
+	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
+	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
+	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
+	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
+	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
+	0x0200, 0x0200,
+	0x0202, 0x0202,
+	0x0204, 0x0204,
+	0x0206, 0x0206,
+	0x0208, 0x0208,
+	0x020a, 0x020a,
+	0x020c, 0x020c,
+	0x020e, 0x020e,
+	0x0210, 0x0210,
+	0x0212, 0x0212,
+	0x0214, 0x0214,
+	0x0216, 0x0216,
+	0x0218, 0x0218,
+	0x021a, 0x021a,
+	0x021c, 0x021c,
+	0x021e, 0x021e,
+	0x0220, 0x0220,
+	0x0222, 0x0222,
+	0x0224, 0x0224,
+	0x0226, 0x0226,
+	0x0228, 0x0228,
+	0x022a, 0x022a,
+	0x022c, 0x022c,
+	0x022e, 0x022e,
+	0x0230, 0x0230,
+	0x0232, 0x0232,
+	0x023a, 0x023b,
+	0x023d, 0x023e,
+	0x0241, 0x0241,
+	0x0243, 0x0246,
+	0x0248, 0x0248,
+	0x024a, 0x024a,
+	0x024c, 0x024c,
+	0x024e, 0x024e,
+	0x0370, 0x0370,
+	0x0372, 0x0372,
+	0x0376, 0x0376,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x038f,
+	0x0391, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
+	0x03cf, 0x03cf,
+	0x03d2, 0x03d4,
+	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
+	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
+	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
+	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
+	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
+	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
+	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
+	0x03f4, 0x03f4,
+	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
+	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
+	0x03fd, 0x042f,
+	0x0460, 0x0460,
+	0x0462, 0x0462,
+	0x0464, 0x0464,
+	0x0466, 0x0466,
+	0x0468, 0x0468,
+	0x046a, 0x046a,
+	0x046c, 0x046c,
+	0x046e, 0x046e,
+	0x0470, 0x0470,
+	0x0472, 0x0472,
+	0x0474, 0x0474,
+	0x0476, 0x0476,
+	0x0478, 0x0478,
+	0x047a, 0x047a,
+	0x047c, 0x047c,
+	0x047e, 0x047e,
+	0x0480, 0x0480,
+	0x048a, 0x048a,
+	0x048c, 0x048c,
+	0x048e, 0x048e,
+	0x0490, 0x0490,
+	0x0492, 0x0492,
+	0x0494, 0x0494,
+	0x0496, 0x0496,
+	0x0498, 0x0498,
+	0x049a, 0x049a,
+	0x049c, 0x049c,
+	0x049e, 0x049e,
+	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
+	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
+	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
+	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
+	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
+	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
+	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
+	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
+	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
+	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
+	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
+	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
+	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
+	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
+	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
+	0x04be, 0x04be,
+	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
+	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
+	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
+	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
+	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
+	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
+	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
+	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
+	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
+	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
+	0x04da, 0x04da,
+	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
+	0x04de, 0x04de,
+	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
+	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
+	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
+	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
+	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
+	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
+	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
+	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
+	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
+	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
+	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
+	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
+	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
+	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
+	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
+	0x0500, 0x0500,
+	0x0502, 0x0502,
+	0x0504, 0x0504,
+	0x0506, 0x0506,
+	0x0508, 0x0508,
+	0x050a, 0x050a,
+	0x050c, 0x050c,
+	0x050e, 0x050e,
+	0x0510, 0x0510,
+	0x0512, 0x0512,
+	0x0514, 0x0514,
+	0x0516, 0x0516,
+	0x0518, 0x0518,
+	0x051a, 0x051a,
+	0x051c, 0x051c,
+	0x051e, 0x051e,
+	0x0520, 0x0520,
+	0x0522, 0x0522,
+	0x0524, 0x0524,
+	0x0526, 0x0526,
+	0x0528, 0x0528,
+	0x052a, 0x052a,
+	0x052c, 0x052c,
+	0x052e, 0x052e,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
+	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
+	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
+	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
+	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
+	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
+	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
+	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
+	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
+	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
+	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
+	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
+	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
+	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
+	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
+	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
+	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
+	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
+	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
+	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
+	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
+	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
+	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
+	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
+	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
+	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
+	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
+	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
+	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
+	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
+	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
+	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
+	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
+	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
+	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
+	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
+	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
+	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
+	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
+	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
+	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
+	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
+	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
+	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
+	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
+	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
+	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
+	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
+	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
+	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
+	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
+	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
+	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
+	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
+	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
+	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
+	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
+	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
+	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
+	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
+	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
+	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
+	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
+	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
+	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
+	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
+	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
+	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
+	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
+	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
+	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
+	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
+	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
+	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
+	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
+	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
+	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
+	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
+	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
+	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
+	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
+	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
+	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
+	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
+	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
+	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
+	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
+	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
+	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
+	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
+	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
+	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
+	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
+	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
+	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
+	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
+	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
+	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
+	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
+	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
+	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
+	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
+	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
+	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
+	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
+	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
+	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
+	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
+	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
+	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
+	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
+	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
+	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
+	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
+	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
+	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
+	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
+	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
+	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
+	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
+	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
+	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
+	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
+	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
+	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
+	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
+	0x1fb8, 0x1fbb,
+	0x1fc8, 0x1fcb,
+	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff8, 0x1ffb,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210b, 0x210d,
+	0x2110, 0x2112,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x2130, 0x2133,
+	0x213e, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2145,
+	0x2183, 0x2183,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
+	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
+	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
+	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
+	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
+	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
+	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
+	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
+	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
+	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
+	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
+	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
+	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
+	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
+	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
+	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
+	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
+	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
+	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
+	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
+	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
+	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
+	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
+	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
+	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
+	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
+	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
+	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
+	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
+	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
+	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
+	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
+	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
+	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
+	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
+	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
+	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
+	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
+	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
+	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
+	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
+	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
+	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
+	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
+	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
+	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
+	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
+	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
+	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
+	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
+	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
+	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
+	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
+	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
+	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
+	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
+	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
+	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
+	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
+	0xa640, 0xa640,
+	0xa642, 0xa642,
+	0xa644, 0xa644,
+	0xa646, 0xa646,
+	0xa648, 0xa648,
+	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
+	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
+	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
+	0xa650, 0xa650,
+	0xa652, 0xa652,
+	0xa654, 0xa654,
+	0xa656, 0xa656,
+	0xa658, 0xa658,
+	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
+	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
+	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
+	0xa660, 0xa660,
+	0xa662, 0xa662,
+	0xa664, 0xa664,
+	0xa666, 0xa666,
+	0xa668, 0xa668,
+	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
+	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
+	0xa680, 0xa680,
+	0xa682, 0xa682,
+	0xa684, 0xa684,
+	0xa686, 0xa686,
+	0xa688, 0xa688,
+	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
+	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
+	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
+	0xa690, 0xa690,
+	0xa692, 0xa692,
+	0xa694, 0xa694,
+	0xa696, 0xa696,
+	0xa698, 0xa698,
+	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
+	0xa722, 0xa722,
+	0xa724, 0xa724,
+	0xa726, 0xa726,
+	0xa728, 0xa728,
+	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
+	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
+	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
+	0xa732, 0xa732,
+	0xa734, 0xa734,
+	0xa736, 0xa736,
+	0xa738, 0xa738,
+	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
+	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
+	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
+	0xa740, 0xa740,
+	0xa742, 0xa742,
+	0xa744, 0xa744,
+	0xa746, 0xa746,
+	0xa748, 0xa748,
+	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
+	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
+	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
+	0xa750, 0xa750,
+	0xa752, 0xa752,
+	0xa754, 0xa754,
+	0xa756, 0xa756,
+	0xa758, 0xa758,
+	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
+	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
+	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
+	0xa760, 0xa760,
+	0xa762, 0xa762,
+	0xa764, 0xa764,
+	0xa766, 0xa766,
+	0xa768, 0xa768,
+	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
+	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
+	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
+	0xa779, 0xa779,
+	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
+	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
+	0xa780, 0xa780,
+	0xa782, 0xa782,
+	0xa784, 0xa784,
+	0xa786, 0xa786,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
+	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
+	0xa790, 0xa790,
+	0xa792, 0xa792,
+	0xa796, 0xa796,
+	0xa798, 0xa798,
+	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
+	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
+	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
+	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
+	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
+	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
+	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
+	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
+	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
+	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
+	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
+	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
+	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
+	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
+	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
+	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
+	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
+	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0x10400, 0x10427,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d419,
+	0x1d434, 0x1d44d,
+	0x1d468, 0x1d481,
+	0x1d49c, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b5,
+	0x1d4d0, 0x1d4e9,
+	0x1d504, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d538, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d56c, 0x1d585,
+	0x1d5a0, 0x1d5b9,
+	0x1d5d4, 0x1d5ed,
+	0x1d608, 0x1d621,
+	0x1d63c, 0x1d655,
+	0x1d670, 0x1d689,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6e2, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d71c, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d756, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d790, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7ca, 0x1d7ca,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
+}; /* CR_Lu */
+
+/* 'M': Major Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_M[] = {
+	310,
+	0x0300, 0x036f,
+	0x0483, 0x0489,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x064b, 0x065f,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e4,
+	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
+	0x0711, 0x0711,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0816, 0x0819,
+	0x081b, 0x0823,
+	0x0825, 0x0827,
+	0x0829, 0x082d,
+	0x0859, 0x085b,
+	0x0898, 0x089f,
+	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0903,
+	0x093a, 0x093c,
+	0x093e, 0x094f,
+	0x0951, 0x0957,
+	0x0962, 0x0963,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
+	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
+	0x0abe, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
+	0x0b3e, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c04,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0cf3, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
+	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
+	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
+	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x102b, 0x103e,
+	0x1056, 0x1059,
+	0x105e, 0x1060,
+	0x1062, 0x1064,
+	0x1067, 0x106d,
+	0x1071, 0x1074,
+	0x1082, 0x108d,
+	0x108f, 0x108f,
+	0x109a, 0x109d,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1712, 0x1715,
+	0x1732, 0x1734,
+	0x1752, 0x1753,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x17b4, 0x17d3,
+	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x180f,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1a17, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a55, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b04,
+	0x1b34, 0x1b44,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1b82,
+	0x1ba1, 0x1bad,
+	0x1be6, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1c24, 0x1c37,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf7, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x302a, 0x302f,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0xa66f, 0xa672,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
+	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa802, 0xa802,
+	0xa806, 0xa806,
+	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
+	0xa823, 0xa827,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa880, 0xa881,
+	0xa8b4, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
+	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa926, 0xa92d,
+	0xa947, 0xa953,
+	0xa980, 0xa983,
+	0xa9b3, 0xa9c0,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
+	0xaa29, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
+	0xaa4c, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa7b, 0xaa7d,
+	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
+	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
+	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
+	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
+	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
+	0xaaeb, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf5, 0xaaf6,
+	0xabe3, 0xabea,
+	0xabec, 0xabed,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10376, 0x1037a,
+	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
+	0x11000, 0x11002,
+	0x11038, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x11073, 0x11074,
+	0x1107f, 0x11082,
+	0x110b0, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x11100, 0x11102,
+	0x11127, 0x11134,
+	0x11145, 0x11146,
+	0x11173, 0x11173,
+	0x11180, 0x11182,
+	0x111b3, 0x111c0,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111ce, 0x111cf,
+	0x1122c, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
+	0x11241, 0x11241,
+	0x112df, 0x112ea,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
+	0x1133e, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x11362, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11435, 0x11446,
+	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
+	0x114b0, 0x114c3,
+	0x115af, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
+	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
+	0x11630, 0x11640,
+	0x116ab, 0x116b7,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x1182c, 0x1183a,
+	0x11930, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193e,
+	0x11940, 0x11940,
+	0x11942, 0x11943,
+	0x119d1, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e0,
+	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
+	0x11a33, 0x11a39,
+	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a51, 0x11a5b,
+	0x11a8a, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c2f, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d97,
+	0x11ef3, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f01,
+	0x11f03, 0x11f03,
+	0x11f34, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f42,
+	0x13440, 0x13440,
+	0x13447, 0x13455,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
+	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
+	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
+	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
+	0x1e4ec, 0x1e4ef,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_M */
+
+/* 'Mc': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mc[] = {
+	182,
+	0x0903, 0x0903,
+	0x093b, 0x093b,
+	0x093e, 0x0940,
+	0x0949, 0x094c,
+	0x094e, 0x094f,
+	0x0982, 0x0983,
+	0x09be, 0x09c0,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x0a03, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a40,
+	0x0a83, 0x0a83,
+	0x0abe, 0x0ac0,
+	0x0ac9, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
+	0x0b02, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b3e, 0x0b3e,
+	0x0b40, 0x0b40,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
+	0x0b57, 0x0b57,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bbf,
+	0x0bc1, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c41, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cbe,
+	0x0cc0, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc7, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccb,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cf3, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d40,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd1,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
+	0x0f7f, 0x0f7f,
+	0x102b, 0x102c,
+	0x1031, 0x1031,
+	0x1038, 0x1038,
+	0x103b, 0x103c,
+	0x1056, 0x1057,
+	0x1062, 0x1064,
+	0x1067, 0x106d,
+	0x1083, 0x1084,
+	0x1087, 0x108c,
+	0x108f, 0x108f,
+	0x109a, 0x109c,
+	0x1715, 0x1715,
+	0x1734, 0x1734,
+	0x17b6, 0x17b6,
+	0x17be, 0x17c5,
+	0x17c7, 0x17c8,
+	0x1923, 0x1926,
+	0x1929, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x1931,
+	0x1933, 0x1938,
+	0x1a19, 0x1a1a,
+	0x1a55, 0x1a55,
+	0x1a57, 0x1a57,
+	0x1a61, 0x1a61,
+	0x1a63, 0x1a64,
+	0x1a6d, 0x1a72,
+	0x1b04, 0x1b04,
+	0x1b35, 0x1b35,
+	0x1b3b, 0x1b3b,
+	0x1b3d, 0x1b41,
+	0x1b43, 0x1b44,
+	0x1b82, 0x1b82,
+	0x1ba1, 0x1ba1,
+	0x1ba6, 0x1ba7,
+	0x1baa, 0x1baa,
+	0x1be7, 0x1be7,
+	0x1bea, 0x1bec,
+	0x1bee, 0x1bee,
+	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1c24, 0x1c2b,
+	0x1c34, 0x1c35,
+	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
+	0x1cf7, 0x1cf7,
+	0x302e, 0x302f,
+	0xa823, 0xa824,
+	0xa827, 0xa827,
+	0xa880, 0xa881,
+	0xa8b4, 0xa8c3,
+	0xa952, 0xa953,
+	0xa983, 0xa983,
+	0xa9b4, 0xa9b5,
+	0xa9ba, 0xa9bb,
+	0xa9be, 0xa9c0,
+	0xaa2f, 0xaa30,
+	0xaa33, 0xaa34,
+	0xaa4d, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa7b, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa7d, 0xaa7d,
+	0xaaeb, 0xaaeb,
+	0xaaee, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf5, 0xaaf5,
+	0xabe3, 0xabe4,
+	0xabe6, 0xabe7,
+	0xabe9, 0xabea,
+	0xabec, 0xabec,
+	0x11000, 0x11000,
+	0x11002, 0x11002,
+	0x11082, 0x11082,
+	0x110b0, 0x110b2,
+	0x110b7, 0x110b8,
+	0x1112c, 0x1112c,
+	0x11145, 0x11146,
+	0x11182, 0x11182,
+	0x111b3, 0x111b5,
+	0x111bf, 0x111c0,
+	0x111ce, 0x111ce,
+	0x1122c, 0x1122e,
+	0x11232, 0x11233,
+	0x11235, 0x11235,
+	0x112e0, 0x112e2,
+	0x11302, 0x11303,
+	0x1133e, 0x1133f,
+	0x11341, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x11362, 0x11363,
+	0x11435, 0x11437,
+	0x11440, 0x11441,
+	0x11445, 0x11445,
+	0x114b0, 0x114b2,
+	0x114b9, 0x114b9,
+	0x114bb, 0x114be,
+	0x114c1, 0x114c1,
+	0x115af, 0x115b1,
+	0x115b8, 0x115bb,
+	0x115be, 0x115be,
+	0x11630, 0x11632,
+	0x1163b, 0x1163c,
+	0x1163e, 0x1163e,
+	0x116ac, 0x116ac,
+	0x116ae, 0x116af,
+	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
+	0x11720, 0x11721,
+	0x11726, 0x11726,
+	0x1182c, 0x1182e,
+	0x11838, 0x11838,
+	0x11930, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193d, 0x1193d,
+	0x11940, 0x11940,
+	0x11942, 0x11942,
+	0x119d1, 0x119d3,
+	0x119dc, 0x119df,
+	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a39, 0x11a39,
+	0x11a57, 0x11a58,
+	0x11a97, 0x11a97,
+	0x11c2f, 0x11c2f,
+	0x11c3e, 0x11c3e,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11ca9,
+	0x11cb1, 0x11cb1,
+	0x11cb4, 0x11cb4,
+	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d94,
+	0x11d96, 0x11d96,
+	0x11ef5, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f03, 0x11f03,
+	0x11f34, 0x11f35,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f3f,
+	0x11f41, 0x11f41,
+	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d166,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
+}; /* CR_Mc */
+
+/* 'Me': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Me[] = {
+	5,
+	0x0488, 0x0489,
+	0x1abe, 0x1abe,
+	0x20dd, 0x20e0,
+	0x20e2, 0x20e4,
+	0xa670, 0xa672,
+}; /* CR_Me */
+
+/* 'Mn': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mn[] = {
+	346,
+	0x0300, 0x036f,
+	0x0483, 0x0487,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x064b, 0x065f,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e4,
+	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
+	0x0711, 0x0711,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0816, 0x0819,
+	0x081b, 0x0823,
+	0x0825, 0x0827,
+	0x0829, 0x082d,
+	0x0859, 0x085b,
+	0x0898, 0x089f,
+	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0902,
+	0x093a, 0x093a,
+	0x093c, 0x093c,
+	0x0941, 0x0948,
+	0x094d, 0x094d,
+	0x0951, 0x0957,
+	0x0962, 0x0963,
+	0x0981, 0x0981,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
+	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
+	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
+	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
+	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
+	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
+	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
+	0x0b3f, 0x0b3f,
+	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b56,
+	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
+	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
+	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
+	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
+	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
+	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
+	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
+	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
+	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
+	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x102d, 0x1030,
+	0x1032, 0x1037,
+	0x1039, 0x103a,
+	0x103d, 0x103e,
+	0x1058, 0x1059,
+	0x105e, 0x1060,
+	0x1071, 0x1074,
+	0x1082, 0x1082,
+	0x1085, 0x1086,
+	0x108d, 0x108d,
+	0x109d, 0x109d,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1712, 0x1714,
+	0x1732, 0x1733,
+	0x1752, 0x1753,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
+	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
+	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
+	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
+	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x180f,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
+	0x1920, 0x1922,
+	0x1927, 0x1928,
+	0x1932, 0x1932,
+	0x1939, 0x193b,
+	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
+	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
+	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
+	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
+	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
+	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abd,
+	0x1abf, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
+	0x1b34, 0x1b34,
+	0x1b36, 0x1b3a,
+	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
+	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
+	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
+	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
+	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
+	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
+	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
+	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
+	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
+	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
+	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
+	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
+	0x20e5, 0x20f0,
+	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x302a, 0x302d,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0xa66f, 0xa66f,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
+	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa802, 0xa802,
+	0xa806, 0xa806,
+	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
+	0xa825, 0xa826,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
+	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa926, 0xa92d,
+	0xa947, 0xa951,
+	0xa980, 0xa982,
+	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
+	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
+	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
+	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
+	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
+	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
+	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
+	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
+	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
+	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
+	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
+	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
+	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
+	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
+	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
+	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
+	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
+	0xabed, 0xabed,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10376, 0x1037a,
+	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
+	0x11001, 0x11001,
+	0x11038, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x11073, 0x11074,
+	0x1107f, 0x11081,
+	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
+	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x11100, 0x11102,
+	0x11127, 0x1112b,
+	0x1112d, 0x11134,
+	0x11173, 0x11173,
+	0x11180, 0x11181,
+	0x111b6, 0x111be,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
+	0x1122f, 0x11231,
+	0x11234, 0x11234,
+	0x11236, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
+	0x11241, 0x11241,
+	0x112df, 0x112df,
+	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
+	0x11300, 0x11301,
+	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
+	0x11340, 0x11340,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11438, 0x1143f,
+	0x11442, 0x11444,
+	0x11446, 0x11446,
+	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
+	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
+	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
+	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
+	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
+	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
+	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
+	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
+	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
+	0x11633, 0x1163a,
+	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
+	0x1163f, 0x11640,
+	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
+	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
+	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
+	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
+	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
+	0x11722, 0x11725,
+	0x11727, 0x1172b,
+	0x1182f, 0x11837,
+	0x11839, 0x1183a,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
+	0x11943, 0x11943,
+	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119db,
+	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
+	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
+	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
+	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
+	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
+	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
+	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
+	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
+	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
+	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
+	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
+	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f01,
+	0x11f36, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f40, 0x11f40,
+	0x11f42, 0x11f42,
+	0x13440, 0x13440,
+	0x13447, 0x13455,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
+	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
+	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
+	0x1e4ec, 0x1e4ef,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Mn */
+
+/* 'N': Major Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_N[] = {
+	137,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x00b2, 0x00b3,
+	0x00b9, 0x00b9,
+	0x00bc, 0x00be,
+	0x0660, 0x0669,
+	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
+	0x07c0, 0x07c9,
+	0x0966, 0x096f,
+	0x09e6, 0x09ef,
+	0x09f4, 0x09f9,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a6f,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
+	0x0b72, 0x0b77,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7e,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d58, 0x0d5e,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d78,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0f20, 0x0f33,
+	0x1040, 0x1049,
+	0x1090, 0x1099,
+	0x1369, 0x137c,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f0,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1946, 0x194f,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
+	0x1bb0, 0x1bb9,
+	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c50, 0x1c59,
+	0x2070, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x2079,
+	0x2080, 0x2089,
+	0x2150, 0x2182,
+	0x2185, 0x2189,
+	0x2460, 0x249b,
+	0x24ea, 0x24ff,
+	0x2776, 0x2793,
+	0x2cfd, 0x2cfd,
+	0x3007, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3038, 0x303a,
+	0x3192, 0x3195,
+	0x3220, 0x3229,
+	0x3248, 0x324f,
+	0x3251, 0x325f,
+	0x3280, 0x3289,
+	0x32b1, 0x32bf,
+	0xa620, 0xa629,
+	0xa6e6, 0xa6ef,
+	0xa830, 0xa835,
+	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa900, 0xa909,
+	0xa9d0, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9f0, 0xa9f9,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10140, 0x10178,
+	0x1018a, 0x1018b,
+	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10341, 0x10341,
+	0x1034a, 0x1034a,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10858, 0x1085f,
+	0x10879, 0x1087f,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108fb, 0x108ff,
+	0x10916, 0x1091b,
+	0x109bc, 0x109bd,
+	0x109c0, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x109ff,
+	0x10a40, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a7d, 0x10a7e,
+	0x10a9d, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10aef,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b5f,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10f1d, 0x10f26,
+	0x10f51, 0x10f54,
+	0x10fc5, 0x10fcb,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11136, 0x1113f,
+	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11450, 0x11459,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11730, 0x1173b,
+	0x118e0, 0x118f2,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11f50, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11fd4,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16e80, 0x16e96,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e4f0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8cf,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecab,
+	0x1ecad, 0x1ecaf,
+	0x1ecb1, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed2d,
+	0x1ed2f, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+}; /* CR_N */
+
+/* 'Nd': General Category */
+#define CR_Nd CR_Digit
+
+/* 'Nl': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nl[] = {
+	12,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f0,
+	0x2160, 0x2182,
+	0x2185, 0x2188,
+	0x3007, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3038, 0x303a,
+	0xa6e6, 0xa6ef,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x10341, 0x10341,
+	0x1034a, 0x1034a,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+}; /* CR_Nl */
+
+/* 'No': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_No[] = {
+	72,
+	0x00b2, 0x00b3,
+	0x00b9, 0x00b9,
+	0x00bc, 0x00be,
+	0x09f4, 0x09f9,
+	0x0b72, 0x0b77,
+	0x0bf0, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7e,
+	0x0d58, 0x0d5e,
+	0x0d70, 0x0d78,
+	0x0f2a, 0x0f33,
+	0x1369, 0x137c,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x19da, 0x19da,
+	0x2070, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x2079,
+	0x2080, 0x2089,
+	0x2150, 0x215f,
+	0x2189, 0x2189,
+	0x2460, 0x249b,
+	0x24ea, 0x24ff,
+	0x2776, 0x2793,
+	0x2cfd, 0x2cfd,
+	0x3192, 0x3195,
+	0x3220, 0x3229,
+	0x3248, 0x324f,
+	0x3251, 0x325f,
+	0x3280, 0x3289,
+	0x32b1, 0x32bf,
+	0xa830, 0xa835,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10175, 0x10178,
+	0x1018a, 0x1018b,
+	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10858, 0x1085f,
+	0x10879, 0x1087f,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108fb, 0x108ff,
+	0x10916, 0x1091b,
+	0x109bc, 0x109bd,
+	0x109c0, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x109ff,
+	0x10a40, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a7d, 0x10a7e,
+	0x10a9d, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10aef,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b5f,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10f1d, 0x10f26,
+	0x10f51, 0x10f54,
+	0x10fc5, 0x10fcb,
+	0x11052, 0x11065,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x1173a, 0x1173b,
+	0x118ea, 0x118f2,
+	0x11c5a, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11fd4,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16e80, 0x16e96,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8cf,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecab,
+	0x1ecad, 0x1ecaf,
+	0x1ecb1, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed2d,
+	0x1ed2f, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+}; /* CR_No */
+
+/* 'P': Major Category */
+#define CR_P CR_Punct
+
+/* 'Pc': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pc[] = {
+	6,
+	0x005f, 0x005f,
+	0x203f, 0x2040,
+	0x2054, 0x2054,
+	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
+	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
+	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
+}; /* CR_Pc */
+
+/* 'Pd': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pd[] = {
+	19,
+	0x002d, 0x002d,
+	0x058a, 0x058a,
+	0x05be, 0x05be,
+	0x1400, 0x1400,
+	0x1806, 0x1806,
+	0x2010, 0x2015,
+	0x2e17, 0x2e17,
+	0x2e1a, 0x2e1a,
+	0x2e3a, 0x2e3b,
+	0x2e40, 0x2e40,
+	0x2e5d, 0x2e5d,
+	0x301c, 0x301c,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
+	0xfe31, 0xfe32,
+	0xfe58, 0xfe58,
+	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
+	0xff0d, 0xff0d,
+	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
+}; /* CR_Pd */
+
+/* 'Pe': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pe[] = {
+	76,
+	0x0029, 0x0029,
+	0x005d, 0x005d,
+	0x007d, 0x007d,
+	0x0f3b, 0x0f3b,
+	0x0f3d, 0x0f3d,
+	0x169c, 0x169c,
+	0x2046, 0x2046,
+	0x207e, 0x207e,
+	0x208e, 0x208e,
+	0x2309, 0x2309,
+	0x230b, 0x230b,
+	0x232a, 0x232a,
+	0x2769, 0x2769,
+	0x276b, 0x276b,
+	0x276d, 0x276d,
+	0x276f, 0x276f,
+	0x2771, 0x2771,
+	0x2773, 0x2773,
+	0x2775, 0x2775,
+	0x27c6, 0x27c6,
+	0x27e7, 0x27e7,
+	0x27e9, 0x27e9,
+	0x27eb, 0x27eb,
+	0x27ed, 0x27ed,
+	0x27ef, 0x27ef,
+	0x2984, 0x2984,
+	0x2986, 0x2986,
+	0x2988, 0x2988,
+	0x298a, 0x298a,
+	0x298c, 0x298c,
+	0x298e, 0x298e,
+	0x2990, 0x2990,
+	0x2992, 0x2992,
+	0x2994, 0x2994,
+	0x2996, 0x2996,
+	0x2998, 0x2998,
+	0x29d9, 0x29d9,
+	0x29db, 0x29db,
+	0x29fd, 0x29fd,
+	0x2e23, 0x2e23,
+	0x2e25, 0x2e25,
+	0x2e27, 0x2e27,
+	0x2e29, 0x2e29,
+	0x2e56, 0x2e56,
+	0x2e58, 0x2e58,
+	0x2e5a, 0x2e5a,
+	0x2e5c, 0x2e5c,
+	0x3009, 0x3009,
+	0x300b, 0x300b,
+	0x300d, 0x300d,
+	0x300f, 0x300f,
+	0x3011, 0x3011,
+	0x3015, 0x3015,
+	0x3017, 0x3017,
+	0x3019, 0x3019,
+	0x301b, 0x301b,
+	0x301e, 0x301f,
+	0xfd3e, 0xfd3e,
+	0xfe18, 0xfe18,
+	0xfe36, 0xfe36,
+	0xfe38, 0xfe38,
+	0xfe3a, 0xfe3a,
+	0xfe3c, 0xfe3c,
+	0xfe3e, 0xfe3e,
+	0xfe40, 0xfe40,
+	0xfe42, 0xfe42,
+	0xfe44, 0xfe44,
+	0xfe48, 0xfe48,
+	0xfe5a, 0xfe5a,
+	0xfe5c, 0xfe5c,
+	0xfe5e, 0xfe5e,
+	0xff09, 0xff09,
+	0xff3d, 0xff3d,
+	0xff5d, 0xff5d,
+	0xff60, 0xff60,
+	0xff63, 0xff63,
+}; /* CR_Pe */
+
+/* 'Pf': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pf[] = {
+	10,
+	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
+	0x2019, 0x2019,
+	0x201d, 0x201d,
+	0x203a, 0x203a,
+	0x2e03, 0x2e03,
+	0x2e05, 0x2e05,
+	0x2e0a, 0x2e0a,
+	0x2e0d, 0x2e0d,
+	0x2e1d, 0x2e1d,
+	0x2e21, 0x2e21,
+}; /* CR_Pf */
+
+/* 'Pi': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pi[] = {
+	11,
+	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
+	0x2018, 0x2018,
+	0x201b, 0x201c,
+	0x201f, 0x201f,
+	0x2039, 0x2039,
+	0x2e02, 0x2e02,
+	0x2e04, 0x2e04,
+	0x2e09, 0x2e09,
+	0x2e0c, 0x2e0c,
+	0x2e1c, 0x2e1c,
+	0x2e20, 0x2e20,
+}; /* CR_Pi */
+
+/* 'Po': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Po[] = {
+	187,
+	0x0021, 0x0023,
+	0x0025, 0x0027,
+	0x002a, 0x002a,
+	0x002c, 0x002c,
+	0x002e, 0x002f,
+	0x003a, 0x003b,
+	0x003f, 0x0040,
+	0x005c, 0x005c,
+	0x00a1, 0x00a1,
+	0x00a7, 0x00a7,
+	0x00b6, 0x00b7,
+	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x055a, 0x055f,
+	0x0589, 0x0589,
+	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
+	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
+	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
+	0x05f3, 0x05f4,
+	0x0609, 0x060a,
+	0x060c, 0x060d,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061d, 0x061f,
+	0x066a, 0x066d,
+	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x07f7, 0x07f9,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0964, 0x0965,
+	0x0970, 0x0970,
+	0x09fd, 0x09fd,
+	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
+	0x0af0, 0x0af0,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c77,
+	0x0c84, 0x0c84,
+	0x0df4, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e4f, 0x0e4f,
+	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0f04, 0x0f12,
+	0x0f14, 0x0f14,
+	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
+	0x0fd0, 0x0fd4,
+	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
+	0x104a, 0x104f,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1360, 0x1368,
+	0x166e, 0x166e,
+	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
+	0x1735, 0x1736,
+	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
+	0x17d8, 0x17da,
+	0x1800, 0x1805,
+	0x1807, 0x180a,
+	0x1944, 0x1945,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aa6,
+	0x1aa8, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b5a, 0x1b60,
+	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
+	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
+	0x2016, 0x2017,
+	0x2020, 0x2027,
+	0x2030, 0x2038,
+	0x203b, 0x203e,
+	0x2041, 0x2043,
+	0x2047, 0x2051,
+	0x2053, 0x2053,
+	0x2055, 0x205e,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2cfc,
+	0x2cfe, 0x2cff,
+	0x2d70, 0x2d70,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e01,
+	0x2e06, 0x2e08,
+	0x2e0b, 0x2e0b,
+	0x2e0e, 0x2e16,
+	0x2e18, 0x2e19,
+	0x2e1b, 0x2e1b,
+	0x2e1e, 0x2e1f,
+	0x2e2a, 0x2e2e,
+	0x2e30, 0x2e39,
+	0x2e3c, 0x2e3f,
+	0x2e41, 0x2e41,
+	0x2e43, 0x2e4f,
+	0x2e52, 0x2e54,
+	0x3001, 0x3003,
+	0x303d, 0x303d,
+	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
+	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
+	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
+	0xa673, 0xa673,
+	0xa67e, 0xa67e,
+	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa874, 0xa877,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
+	0xa8f8, 0xa8fa,
+	0xa8fc, 0xa8fc,
+	0xa92e, 0xa92f,
+	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
+	0xa9c1, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
+	0xaade, 0xaadf,
+	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
+	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
+	0xfe10, 0xfe16,
+	0xfe19, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe30,
+	0xfe45, 0xfe46,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe4c,
+	0xfe50, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe57,
+	0xfe5f, 0xfe61,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
+	0xfe6a, 0xfe6b,
+	0xff01, 0xff03,
+	0xff05, 0xff07,
+	0xff0a, 0xff0a,
+	0xff0c, 0xff0c,
+	0xff0e, 0xff0f,
+	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
+	0xff1f, 0xff20,
+	0xff3c, 0xff3c,
+	0xff61, 0xff61,
+	0xff64, 0xff65,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
+	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10857, 0x10857,
+	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a7f, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10af0, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
+	0x11047, 0x1104d,
+	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
+	0x110be, 0x110c1,
+	0x11140, 0x11143,
+	0x11174, 0x11175,
+	0x111c5, 0x111c8,
+	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
+	0x111db, 0x111db,
+	0x111dd, 0x111df,
+	0x11238, 0x1123d,
+	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
+	0x1144b, 0x1144f,
+	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
+	0x114c6, 0x114c6,
+	0x115c1, 0x115d7,
+	0x11641, 0x11643,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x116b9, 0x116b9,
+	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
+	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
+	0x11944, 0x11946,
+	0x119e2, 0x119e2,
+	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
+	0x11a9a, 0x11a9c,
+	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c41, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c71,
+	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f43, 0x11f4f,
+	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12ff1, 0x12ff2,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b37, 0x16b3b,
+	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
+	0x16e97, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16fe2, 0x16fe2,
+	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
+	0x1da87, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+}; /* CR_Po */
+
+/* 'Ps': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ps[] = {
+	79,
+	0x0028, 0x0028,
+	0x005b, 0x005b,
+	0x007b, 0x007b,
+	0x0f3a, 0x0f3a,
+	0x0f3c, 0x0f3c,
+	0x169b, 0x169b,
+	0x201a, 0x201a,
+	0x201e, 0x201e,
+	0x2045, 0x2045,
+	0x207d, 0x207d,
+	0x208d, 0x208d,
+	0x2308, 0x2308,
+	0x230a, 0x230a,
+	0x2329, 0x2329,
+	0x2768, 0x2768,
+	0x276a, 0x276a,
+	0x276c, 0x276c,
+	0x276e, 0x276e,
+	0x2770, 0x2770,
+	0x2772, 0x2772,
+	0x2774, 0x2774,
+	0x27c5, 0x27c5,
+	0x27e6, 0x27e6,
+	0x27e8, 0x27e8,
+	0x27ea, 0x27ea,
+	0x27ec, 0x27ec,
+	0x27ee, 0x27ee,
+	0x2983, 0x2983,
+	0x2985, 0x2985,
+	0x2987, 0x2987,
+	0x2989, 0x2989,
+	0x298b, 0x298b,
+	0x298d, 0x298d,
+	0x298f, 0x298f,
+	0x2991, 0x2991,
+	0x2993, 0x2993,
+	0x2995, 0x2995,
+	0x2997, 0x2997,
+	0x29d8, 0x29d8,
+	0x29da, 0x29da,
+	0x29fc, 0x29fc,
+	0x2e22, 0x2e22,
+	0x2e24, 0x2e24,
+	0x2e26, 0x2e26,
+	0x2e28, 0x2e28,
+	0x2e42, 0x2e42,
+	0x2e55, 0x2e55,
+	0x2e57, 0x2e57,
+	0x2e59, 0x2e59,
+	0x2e5b, 0x2e5b,
+	0x3008, 0x3008,
+	0x300a, 0x300a,
+	0x300c, 0x300c,
+	0x300e, 0x300e,
+	0x3010, 0x3010,
+	0x3014, 0x3014,
+	0x3016, 0x3016,
+	0x3018, 0x3018,
+	0x301a, 0x301a,
+	0x301d, 0x301d,
+	0xfd3f, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfe17, 0xfe17,
+	0xfe35, 0xfe35,
+	0xfe37, 0xfe37,
+	0xfe39, 0xfe39,
+	0xfe3b, 0xfe3b,
+	0xfe3d, 0xfe3d,
+	0xfe3f, 0xfe3f,
+	0xfe41, 0xfe41,
+	0xfe43, 0xfe43,
+	0xfe47, 0xfe47,
+	0xfe59, 0xfe59,
+	0xfe5b, 0xfe5b,
+	0xfe5d, 0xfe5d,
+	0xff08, 0xff08,
+	0xff3b, 0xff3b,
+	0xff5b, 0xff5b,
+	0xff5f, 0xff5f,
+	0xff62, 0xff62,
+}; /* CR_Ps */
+
+/* 'S': Major Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_S[] = {
+	232,
+	0x0024, 0x0024,
+	0x002b, 0x002b,
+	0x003c, 0x003e,
+	0x005e, 0x005e,
+	0x0060, 0x0060,
+	0x007c, 0x007c,
+	0x007e, 0x007e,
+	0x00a2, 0x00a6,
+	0x00a8, 0x00a9,
+	0x00ac, 0x00ac,
+	0x00ae, 0x00b1,
+	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
+	0x00b8, 0x00b8,
+	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
+	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
+	0x02c2, 0x02c5,
+	0x02d2, 0x02df,
+	0x02e5, 0x02eb,
+	0x02ed, 0x02ed,
+	0x02ef, 0x02ff,
+	0x0375, 0x0375,
+	0x0384, 0x0385,
+	0x03f6, 0x03f6,
+	0x0482, 0x0482,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0606, 0x0608,
+	0x060b, 0x060b,
+	0x060e, 0x060f,
+	0x06de, 0x06de,
+	0x06e9, 0x06e9,
+	0x06fd, 0x06fe,
+	0x07f6, 0x07f6,
+	0x07fe, 0x07ff,
+	0x0888, 0x0888,
+	0x09f2, 0x09f3,
+	0x09fa, 0x09fb,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b70, 0x0b70,
+	0x0bf3, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c7f, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0d4f, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d79,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e3f,
+	0x0f01, 0x0f03,
+	0x0f13, 0x0f13,
+	0x0f15, 0x0f17,
+	0x0f1a, 0x0f1f,
+	0x0f34, 0x0f34,
+	0x0f36, 0x0f36,
+	0x0f38, 0x0f38,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fc5,
+	0x0fc7, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fcf,
+	0x0fd5, 0x0fd8,
+	0x109e, 0x109f,
+	0x1390, 0x1399,
+	0x166d, 0x166d,
+	0x17db, 0x17db,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x19de, 0x19ff,
+	0x1b61, 0x1b6a,
+	0x1b74, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
+	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
+	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
+	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2044, 0x2044,
+	0x2052, 0x2052,
+	0x207a, 0x207c,
+	0x208a, 0x208c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x2100, 0x2101,
+	0x2103, 0x2106,
+	0x2108, 0x2109,
+	0x2114, 0x2114,
+	0x2116, 0x2118,
+	0x211e, 0x2123,
+	0x2125, 0x2125,
+	0x2127, 0x2127,
+	0x2129, 0x2129,
+	0x212e, 0x212e,
+	0x213a, 0x213b,
+	0x2140, 0x2144,
+	0x214a, 0x214d,
+	0x214f, 0x214f,
+	0x218a, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2307,
+	0x230c, 0x2328,
+	0x232b, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x249c, 0x24e9,
+	0x2500, 0x2767,
+	0x2794, 0x27c4,
+	0x27c7, 0x27e5,
+	0x27f0, 0x2982,
+	0x2999, 0x29d7,
+	0x29dc, 0x29fb,
+	0x29fe, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2bff,
+	0x2ce5, 0x2cea,
+	0x2e50, 0x2e51,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3004, 0x3004,
+	0x3012, 0x3013,
+	0x3020, 0x3020,
+	0x3036, 0x3037,
+	0x303e, 0x303f,
+	0x309b, 0x309c,
+	0x3190, 0x3191,
+	0x3196, 0x319f,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x3200, 0x321e,
+	0x322a, 0x3247,
+	0x3250, 0x3250,
+	0x3260, 0x327f,
+	0x328a, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x33ff,
+	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa700, 0xa716,
+	0xa720, 0xa721,
+	0xa789, 0xa78a,
+	0xa828, 0xa82b,
+	0xa836, 0xa839,
+	0xaa77, 0xaa79,
+	0xab5b, 0xab5b,
+	0xab6a, 0xab6b,
+	0xfb29, 0xfb29,
+	0xfbb2, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfd40, 0xfd4f,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdfc, 0xfdff,
+	0xfe62, 0xfe62,
+	0xfe64, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe69, 0xfe69,
+	0xff04, 0xff04,
+	0xff0b, 0xff0b,
+	0xff1c, 0xff1e,
+	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
+	0xff40, 0xff40,
+	0xff5c, 0xff5c,
+	0xff5e, 0xff5e,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfffc, 0xfffd,
+	0x10137, 0x1013f,
+	0x10179, 0x10189,
+	0x1018c, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
+	0x10877, 0x10878,
+	0x10ac8, 0x10ac8,
+	0x1173f, 0x1173f,
+	0x11fd5, 0x11ff1,
+	0x16b3c, 0x16b3f,
+	0x16b45, 0x16b45,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9c,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d164,
+	0x1d16a, 0x1d16c,
+	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
+	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
+	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d241,
+	0x1d245, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d6c1, 0x1d6c1,
+	0x1d6db, 0x1d6db,
+	0x1d6fb, 0x1d6fb,
+	0x1d715, 0x1d715,
+	0x1d735, 0x1d735,
+	0x1d74f, 0x1d74f,
+	0x1d76f, 0x1d76f,
+	0x1d789, 0x1d789,
+	0x1d7a9, 0x1d7a9,
+	0x1d7c3, 0x1d7c3,
+	0x1d800, 0x1d9ff,
+	0x1da37, 0x1da3a,
+	0x1da6d, 0x1da74,
+	0x1da76, 0x1da83,
+	0x1da85, 0x1da86,
+	0x1e14f, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1ecac, 0x1ecac,
+	0x1ecb0, 0x1ecb0,
+	0x1ed2e, 0x1ed2e,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f10d, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+}; /* CR_S */
+
+/* 'Sc': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sc[] = {
+	21,
+	0x0024, 0x0024,
+	0x00a2, 0x00a5,
+	0x058f, 0x058f,
+	0x060b, 0x060b,
+	0x07fe, 0x07ff,
+	0x09f2, 0x09f3,
+	0x09fb, 0x09fb,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0bf9, 0x0bf9,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e3f,
+	0x17db, 0x17db,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0xa838, 0xa838,
+	0xfdfc, 0xfdfc,
+	0xfe69, 0xfe69,
+	0xff04, 0xff04,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe1,
+	0xffe5, 0xffe6,
+	0x11fdd, 0x11fe0,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1ecb0, 0x1ecb0,
+}; /* CR_Sc */
+
+/* 'Sk': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sk[] = {
+	31,
+	0x005e, 0x005e,
+	0x0060, 0x0060,
+	0x00a8, 0x00a8,
+	0x00af, 0x00af,
+	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
+	0x00b8, 0x00b8,
+	0x02c2, 0x02c5,
+	0x02d2, 0x02df,
+	0x02e5, 0x02eb,
+	0x02ed, 0x02ed,
+	0x02ef, 0x02ff,
+	0x0375, 0x0375,
+	0x0384, 0x0385,
+	0x0888, 0x0888,
+	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
+	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
+	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
+	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
+	0x309b, 0x309c,
+	0xa700, 0xa716,
+	0xa720, 0xa721,
+	0xa789, 0xa78a,
+	0xab5b, 0xab5b,
+	0xab6a, 0xab6b,
+	0xfbb2, 0xfbc2,
+	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
+	0xff40, 0xff40,
+	0xffe3, 0xffe3,
+	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
+}; /* CR_Sk */
+
+/* 'Sm': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sm[] = {
+	64,
+	0x002b, 0x002b,
+	0x003c, 0x003e,
+	0x007c, 0x007c,
+	0x007e, 0x007e,
+	0x00ac, 0x00ac,
+	0x00b1, 0x00b1,
+	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
+	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
+	0x03f6, 0x03f6,
+	0x0606, 0x0608,
+	0x2044, 0x2044,
+	0x2052, 0x2052,
+	0x207a, 0x207c,
+	0x208a, 0x208c,
+	0x2118, 0x2118,
+	0x2140, 0x2144,
+	0x214b, 0x214b,
+	0x2190, 0x2194,
+	0x219a, 0x219b,
+	0x21a0, 0x21a0,
+	0x21a3, 0x21a3,
+	0x21a6, 0x21a6,
+	0x21ae, 0x21ae,
+	0x21ce, 0x21cf,
+	0x21d2, 0x21d2,
+	0x21d4, 0x21d4,
+	0x21f4, 0x22ff,
+	0x2320, 0x2321,
+	0x237c, 0x237c,
+	0x239b, 0x23b3,
+	0x23dc, 0x23e1,
+	0x25b7, 0x25b7,
+	0x25c1, 0x25c1,
+	0x25f8, 0x25ff,
+	0x266f, 0x266f,
+	0x27c0, 0x27c4,
+	0x27c7, 0x27e5,
+	0x27f0, 0x27ff,
+	0x2900, 0x2982,
+	0x2999, 0x29d7,
+	0x29dc, 0x29fb,
+	0x29fe, 0x2aff,
+	0x2b30, 0x2b44,
+	0x2b47, 0x2b4c,
+	0xfb29, 0xfb29,
+	0xfe62, 0xfe62,
+	0xfe64, 0xfe66,
+	0xff0b, 0xff0b,
+	0xff1c, 0xff1e,
+	0xff5c, 0xff5c,
+	0xff5e, 0xff5e,
+	0xffe2, 0xffe2,
+	0xffe9, 0xffec,
+	0x1d6c1, 0x1d6c1,
+	0x1d6db, 0x1d6db,
+	0x1d6fb, 0x1d6fb,
+	0x1d715, 0x1d715,
+	0x1d735, 0x1d735,
+	0x1d74f, 0x1d74f,
+	0x1d76f, 0x1d76f,
+	0x1d789, 0x1d789,
+	0x1d7a9, 0x1d7a9,
+	0x1d7c3, 0x1d7c3,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+}; /* CR_Sm */
+
+/* 'So': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_So[] = {
+	184,
+	0x00a6, 0x00a6,
+	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
+	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
+	0x00b0, 0x00b0,
+	0x0482, 0x0482,
+	0x058d, 0x058e,
+	0x060e, 0x060f,
+	0x06de, 0x06de,
+	0x06e9, 0x06e9,
+	0x06fd, 0x06fe,
+	0x07f6, 0x07f6,
+	0x09fa, 0x09fa,
+	0x0b70, 0x0b70,
+	0x0bf3, 0x0bf8,
+	0x0bfa, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c7f, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0d4f, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d79,
+	0x0f01, 0x0f03,
+	0x0f13, 0x0f13,
+	0x0f15, 0x0f17,
+	0x0f1a, 0x0f1f,
+	0x0f34, 0x0f34,
+	0x0f36, 0x0f36,
+	0x0f38, 0x0f38,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fc5,
+	0x0fc7, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fcf,
+	0x0fd5, 0x0fd8,
+	0x109e, 0x109f,
+	0x1390, 0x1399,
+	0x166d, 0x166d,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x19de, 0x19ff,
+	0x1b61, 0x1b6a,
+	0x1b74, 0x1b7c,
+	0x2100, 0x2101,
+	0x2103, 0x2106,
+	0x2108, 0x2109,
+	0x2114, 0x2114,
+	0x2116, 0x2117,
+	0x211e, 0x2123,
+	0x2125, 0x2125,
+	0x2127, 0x2127,
+	0x2129, 0x2129,
+	0x212e, 0x212e,
+	0x213a, 0x213b,
+	0x214a, 0x214a,
+	0x214c, 0x214d,
+	0x214f, 0x214f,
+	0x218a, 0x218b,
+	0x2195, 0x2199,
+	0x219c, 0x219f,
+	0x21a1, 0x21a2,
+	0x21a4, 0x21a5,
+	0x21a7, 0x21ad,
+	0x21af, 0x21cd,
+	0x21d0, 0x21d1,
+	0x21d3, 0x21d3,
+	0x21d5, 0x21f3,
+	0x2300, 0x2307,
+	0x230c, 0x231f,
+	0x2322, 0x2328,
+	0x232b, 0x237b,
+	0x237d, 0x239a,
+	0x23b4, 0x23db,
+	0x23e2, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x249c, 0x24e9,
+	0x2500, 0x25b6,
+	0x25b8, 0x25c0,
+	0x25c2, 0x25f7,
+	0x2600, 0x266e,
+	0x2670, 0x2767,
+	0x2794, 0x27bf,
+	0x2800, 0x28ff,
+	0x2b00, 0x2b2f,
+	0x2b45, 0x2b46,
+	0x2b4d, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2bff,
+	0x2ce5, 0x2cea,
+	0x2e50, 0x2e51,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3004, 0x3004,
+	0x3012, 0x3013,
+	0x3020, 0x3020,
+	0x3036, 0x3037,
+	0x303e, 0x303f,
+	0x3190, 0x3191,
+	0x3196, 0x319f,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x3200, 0x321e,
+	0x322a, 0x3247,
+	0x3250, 0x3250,
+	0x3260, 0x327f,
+	0x328a, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x33ff,
+	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa828, 0xa82b,
+	0xa836, 0xa837,
+	0xa839, 0xa839,
+	0xaa77, 0xaa79,
+	0xfd40, 0xfd4f,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdfd, 0xfdff,
+	0xffe4, 0xffe4,
+	0xffe8, 0xffe8,
+	0xffed, 0xffee,
+	0xfffc, 0xfffd,
+	0x10137, 0x1013f,
+	0x10179, 0x10189,
+	0x1018c, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
+	0x10877, 0x10878,
+	0x10ac8, 0x10ac8,
+	0x1173f, 0x1173f,
+	0x11fd5, 0x11fdc,
+	0x11fe1, 0x11ff1,
+	0x16b3c, 0x16b3f,
+	0x16b45, 0x16b45,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9c,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d164,
+	0x1d16a, 0x1d16c,
+	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
+	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
+	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d241,
+	0x1d245, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d800, 0x1d9ff,
+	0x1da37, 0x1da3a,
+	0x1da6d, 0x1da74,
+	0x1da76, 0x1da83,
+	0x1da85, 0x1da86,
+	0x1e14f, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1ecac, 0x1ecac,
+	0x1ed2e, 0x1ed2e,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f10d, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f3fa,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+}; /* CR_So */
+
+/* 'Z': Major Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Z[] = {
+	8,
+	0x0020, 0x0020,
+	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
+	0x1680, 0x1680,
+	0x2000, 0x200a,
+	0x2028, 0x2029,
+	0x202f, 0x202f,
+	0x205f, 0x205f,
+	0x3000, 0x3000,
+}; /* CR_Z */
+
+/* 'Zl': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zl[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2028, 0x2028,
+}; /* CR_Zl */
+
+/* 'Zp': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zp[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2029, 0x2029,
+}; /* CR_Zp */
+
+/* 'Zs': General Category */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zs[] = {
+	7,
+	0x0020, 0x0020,
+	0x00a0, 0x00a0,
+	0x1680, 0x1680,
+	0x2000, 0x200a,
+	0x202f, 0x202f,
+	0x205f, 0x205f,
+	0x3000, 0x3000,
+}; /* CR_Zs */
+
+/* 'Math': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Math[] = {
+	138,
+	0x002b, 0x002b,
+	0x003c, 0x003e,
+	0x005e, 0x005e,
+	0x007c, 0x007c,
+	0x007e, 0x007e,
+	0x00ac, 0x00ac,
+	0x00b1, 0x00b1,
+	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
+	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d2,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d5,
+	0x03f0, 0x03f1,
+	0x03f4, 0x03f6,
+	0x0606, 0x0608,
+	0x2016, 0x2016,
+	0x2032, 0x2034,
+	0x2040, 0x2040,
+	0x2044, 0x2044,
+	0x2052, 0x2052,
+	0x2061, 0x2064,
+	0x207a, 0x207e,
+	0x208a, 0x208e,
+	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
+	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
+	0x20e5, 0x20e6,
+	0x20eb, 0x20ef,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2118, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2128, 0x2129,
+	0x212c, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2131,
+	0x2133, 0x2138,
+	0x213c, 0x2149,
+	0x214b, 0x214b,
+	0x2190, 0x21a7,
+	0x21a9, 0x21ae,
+	0x21b0, 0x21b1,
+	0x21b6, 0x21b7,
+	0x21bc, 0x21db,
+	0x21dd, 0x21dd,
+	0x21e4, 0x21e5,
+	0x21f4, 0x22ff,
+	0x2308, 0x230b,
+	0x2320, 0x2321,
+	0x237c, 0x237c,
+	0x239b, 0x23b5,
+	0x23b7, 0x23b7,
+	0x23d0, 0x23d0,
+	0x23dc, 0x23e2,
+	0x25a0, 0x25a1,
+	0x25ae, 0x25b7,
+	0x25bc, 0x25c1,
+	0x25c6, 0x25c7,
+	0x25ca, 0x25cb,
+	0x25cf, 0x25d3,
+	0x25e2, 0x25e2,
+	0x25e4, 0x25e4,
+	0x25e7, 0x25ec,
+	0x25f8, 0x25ff,
+	0x2605, 0x2606,
+	0x2640, 0x2640,
+	0x2642, 0x2642,
+	0x2660, 0x2663,
+	0x266d, 0x266f,
+	0x27c0, 0x27ff,
+	0x2900, 0x2aff,
+	0x2b30, 0x2b44,
+	0x2b47, 0x2b4c,
+	0xfb29, 0xfb29,
+	0xfe61, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
+	0xff0b, 0xff0b,
+	0xff1c, 0xff1e,
+	0xff3c, 0xff3c,
+	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
+	0xff5c, 0xff5c,
+	0xff5e, 0xff5e,
+	0xffe2, 0xffe2,
+	0xffe9, 0xffec,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+}; /* CR_Math */
+
+/* 'Alphabetic': Derived Property */
+#define CR_Alphabetic CR_Alpha
+
+/* 'Lowercase': Derived Property */
+#define CR_Lowercase CR_Lower
+
+/* 'Uppercase': Derived Property */
+#define CR_Uppercase CR_Upper
+
+/* 'Cased': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cased[] = {
+	157,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x01ba,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c4, 0x0293,
+	0x0295, 0x02b8,
+	0x02c0, 0x02c1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0370, 0x0373,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x10ff,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2134,
+	0x2139, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x217f,
+	0x2183, 0x2184,
+	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa640, 0xa66d,
+	0xa680, 0xa69d,
+	0xa722, 0xa787,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa7f6,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa7fa,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10400, 0x1044f,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10780, 0x10780,
+	0x10783, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df09,
+	0x1df0b, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+}; /* CR_Cased */
+
+/* 'Case_Ignorable': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Case_Ignorable[] = {
+	437,
+	0x0027, 0x0027,
+	0x002e, 0x002e,
+	0x003a, 0x003a,
+	0x005e, 0x005e,
+	0x0060, 0x0060,
+	0x00a8, 0x00a8,
+	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
+	0x00af, 0x00af,
+	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
+	0x00b7, 0x00b8,
+	0x02b0, 0x036f,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x0384, 0x0385,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x0483, 0x0489,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x055f, 0x055f,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x05f4, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0605,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x061c, 0x061c,
+	0x0640, 0x0640,
+	0x064b, 0x065f,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x06d6, 0x06dd,
+	0x06df, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
+	0x070f, 0x070f,
+	0x0711, 0x0711,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x07eb, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0816, 0x082d,
+	0x0859, 0x085b,
+	0x0888, 0x0888,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x089f,
+	0x08c9, 0x0902,
+	0x093a, 0x093a,
+	0x093c, 0x093c,
+	0x0941, 0x0948,
+	0x094d, 0x094d,
+	0x0951, 0x0957,
+	0x0962, 0x0963,
+	0x0971, 0x0971,
+	0x0981, 0x0981,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
+	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
+	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
+	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
+	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
+	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
+	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
+	0x0b3f, 0x0b3f,
+	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b56,
+	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
+	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
+	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
+	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
+	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
+	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
+	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e46, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
+	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
+	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
+	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x102d, 0x1030,
+	0x1032, 0x1037,
+	0x1039, 0x103a,
+	0x103d, 0x103e,
+	0x1058, 0x1059,
+	0x105e, 0x1060,
+	0x1071, 0x1074,
+	0x1082, 0x1082,
+	0x1085, 0x1086,
+	0x108d, 0x108d,
+	0x109d, 0x109d,
+	0x10fc, 0x10fc,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1712, 0x1714,
+	0x1732, 0x1733,
+	0x1752, 0x1753,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
+	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
+	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
+	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
+	0x180b, 0x180f,
+	0x1843, 0x1843,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
+	0x1920, 0x1922,
+	0x1927, 0x1928,
+	0x1932, 0x1932,
+	0x1939, 0x193b,
+	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
+	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
+	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
+	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
+	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
+	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
+	0x1b34, 0x1b34,
+	0x1b36, 0x1b3a,
+	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
+	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
+	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
+	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
+	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
+	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
+	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
+	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
+	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c78, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
+	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
+	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
+	0x1d9b, 0x1dff,
+	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
+	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
+	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
+	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
+	0x200b, 0x200f,
+	0x2018, 0x2019,
+	0x2024, 0x2024,
+	0x2027, 0x2027,
+	0x202a, 0x202e,
+	0x2060, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x206f,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2c7c, 0x2c7d,
+	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x3005, 0x3005,
+	0x302a, 0x302d,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x303b, 0x303b,
+	0x3099, 0x309e,
+	0x30fc, 0x30fe,
+	0xa015, 0xa015,
+	0xa4f8, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa60c, 0xa60c,
+	0xa66f, 0xa672,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa67f, 0xa67f,
+	0xa69c, 0xa69f,
+	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa700, 0xa721,
+	0xa770, 0xa770,
+	0xa788, 0xa78a,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa7f4,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
+	0xa802, 0xa802,
+	0xa806, 0xa806,
+	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
+	0xa825, 0xa826,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
+	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa926, 0xa92d,
+	0xa947, 0xa951,
+	0xa980, 0xa982,
+	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
+	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
+	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e6,
+	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
+	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
+	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
+	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
+	0xaa70, 0xaa70,
+	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
+	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
+	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
+	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
+	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
+	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
+	0xaadd, 0xaadd,
+	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
+	0xaaf3, 0xaaf4,
+	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab5b, 0xab5f,
+	0xab69, 0xab6b,
+	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
+	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
+	0xabed, 0xabed,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0xfbb2, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe13, 0xfe13,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xfe52, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe55, 0xfe55,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff07, 0xff07,
+	0xff0e, 0xff0e,
+	0xff1a, 0xff1a,
+	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
+	0xff40, 0xff40,
+	0xff70, 0xff70,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0xffe3, 0xffe3,
+	0xfff9, 0xfffb,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10376, 0x1037a,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
+	0x11001, 0x11001,
+	0x11038, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x11073, 0x11074,
+	0x1107f, 0x11081,
+	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
+	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
+	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x11100, 0x11102,
+	0x11127, 0x1112b,
+	0x1112d, 0x11134,
+	0x11173, 0x11173,
+	0x11180, 0x11181,
+	0x111b6, 0x111be,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
+	0x1122f, 0x11231,
+	0x11234, 0x11234,
+	0x11236, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
+	0x11241, 0x11241,
+	0x112df, 0x112df,
+	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
+	0x11300, 0x11301,
+	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
+	0x11340, 0x11340,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11438, 0x1143f,
+	0x11442, 0x11444,
+	0x11446, 0x11446,
+	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
+	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
+	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
+	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
+	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
+	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
+	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
+	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
+	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
+	0x11633, 0x1163a,
+	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
+	0x1163f, 0x11640,
+	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
+	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
+	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
+	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
+	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
+	0x11722, 0x11725,
+	0x11727, 0x1172b,
+	0x1182f, 0x11837,
+	0x11839, 0x1183a,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
+	0x11943, 0x11943,
+	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119db,
+	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
+	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
+	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
+	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
+	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
+	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
+	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
+	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
+	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
+	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
+	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
+	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f01,
+	0x11f36, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f40, 0x11f40,
+	0x11f42, 0x11f42,
+	0x13430, 0x13440,
+	0x13447, 0x13455,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d173, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
+	0x1e4eb, 0x1e4ef,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Case_Ignorable */
+
+/* 'Changes_When_Lowercased': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Lowercased[] = {
+	609,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00de,
+	0x0100, 0x0100,
+	0x0102, 0x0102,
+	0x0104, 0x0104,
+	0x0106, 0x0106,
+	0x0108, 0x0108,
+	0x010a, 0x010a,
+	0x010c, 0x010c,
+	0x010e, 0x010e,
+	0x0110, 0x0110,
+	0x0112, 0x0112,
+	0x0114, 0x0114,
+	0x0116, 0x0116,
+	0x0118, 0x0118,
+	0x011a, 0x011a,
+	0x011c, 0x011c,
+	0x011e, 0x011e,
+	0x0120, 0x0120,
+	0x0122, 0x0122,
+	0x0124, 0x0124,
+	0x0126, 0x0126,
+	0x0128, 0x0128,
+	0x012a, 0x012a,
+	0x012c, 0x012c,
+	0x012e, 0x012e,
+	0x0130, 0x0130,
+	0x0132, 0x0132,
+	0x0134, 0x0134,
+	0x0136, 0x0136,
+	0x0139, 0x0139,
+	0x013b, 0x013b,
+	0x013d, 0x013d,
+	0x013f, 0x013f,
+	0x0141, 0x0141,
+	0x0143, 0x0143,
+	0x0145, 0x0145,
+	0x0147, 0x0147,
+	0x014a, 0x014a,
+	0x014c, 0x014c,
+	0x014e, 0x014e,
+	0x0150, 0x0150,
+	0x0152, 0x0152,
+	0x0154, 0x0154,
+	0x0156, 0x0156,
+	0x0158, 0x0158,
+	0x015a, 0x015a,
+	0x015c, 0x015c,
+	0x015e, 0x015e,
+	0x0160, 0x0160,
+	0x0162, 0x0162,
+	0x0164, 0x0164,
+	0x0166, 0x0166,
+	0x0168, 0x0168,
+	0x016a, 0x016a,
+	0x016c, 0x016c,
+	0x016e, 0x016e,
+	0x0170, 0x0170,
+	0x0172, 0x0172,
+	0x0174, 0x0174,
+	0x0176, 0x0176,
+	0x0178, 0x0179,
+	0x017b, 0x017b,
+	0x017d, 0x017d,
+	0x0181, 0x0182,
+	0x0184, 0x0184,
+	0x0186, 0x0187,
+	0x0189, 0x018b,
+	0x018e, 0x0191,
+	0x0193, 0x0194,
+	0x0196, 0x0198,
+	0x019c, 0x019d,
+	0x019f, 0x01a0,
+	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
+	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
+	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
+	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
+	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
+	0x01ae, 0x01af,
+	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
+	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
+	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
+	0x01c4, 0x01c5,
+	0x01c7, 0x01c8,
+	0x01ca, 0x01cb,
+	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
+	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
+	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
+	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
+	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
+	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
+	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
+	0x01db, 0x01db,
+	0x01de, 0x01de,
+	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
+	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
+	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
+	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
+	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
+	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
+	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
+	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
+	0x01f1, 0x01f2,
+	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
+	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
+	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
+	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
+	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
+	0x0200, 0x0200,
+	0x0202, 0x0202,
+	0x0204, 0x0204,
+	0x0206, 0x0206,
+	0x0208, 0x0208,
+	0x020a, 0x020a,
+	0x020c, 0x020c,
+	0x020e, 0x020e,
+	0x0210, 0x0210,
+	0x0212, 0x0212,
+	0x0214, 0x0214,
+	0x0216, 0x0216,
+	0x0218, 0x0218,
+	0x021a, 0x021a,
+	0x021c, 0x021c,
+	0x021e, 0x021e,
+	0x0220, 0x0220,
+	0x0222, 0x0222,
+	0x0224, 0x0224,
+	0x0226, 0x0226,
+	0x0228, 0x0228,
+	0x022a, 0x022a,
+	0x022c, 0x022c,
+	0x022e, 0x022e,
+	0x0230, 0x0230,
+	0x0232, 0x0232,
+	0x023a, 0x023b,
+	0x023d, 0x023e,
+	0x0241, 0x0241,
+	0x0243, 0x0246,
+	0x0248, 0x0248,
+	0x024a, 0x024a,
+	0x024c, 0x024c,
+	0x024e, 0x024e,
+	0x0370, 0x0370,
+	0x0372, 0x0372,
+	0x0376, 0x0376,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x038f,
+	0x0391, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
+	0x03cf, 0x03cf,
+	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
+	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
+	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
+	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
+	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
+	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
+	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
+	0x03f4, 0x03f4,
+	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
+	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
+	0x03fd, 0x042f,
+	0x0460, 0x0460,
+	0x0462, 0x0462,
+	0x0464, 0x0464,
+	0x0466, 0x0466,
+	0x0468, 0x0468,
+	0x046a, 0x046a,
+	0x046c, 0x046c,
+	0x046e, 0x046e,
+	0x0470, 0x0470,
+	0x0472, 0x0472,
+	0x0474, 0x0474,
+	0x0476, 0x0476,
+	0x0478, 0x0478,
+	0x047a, 0x047a,
+	0x047c, 0x047c,
+	0x047e, 0x047e,
+	0x0480, 0x0480,
+	0x048a, 0x048a,
+	0x048c, 0x048c,
+	0x048e, 0x048e,
+	0x0490, 0x0490,
+	0x0492, 0x0492,
+	0x0494, 0x0494,
+	0x0496, 0x0496,
+	0x0498, 0x0498,
+	0x049a, 0x049a,
+	0x049c, 0x049c,
+	0x049e, 0x049e,
+	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
+	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
+	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
+	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
+	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
+	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
+	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
+	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
+	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
+	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
+	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
+	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
+	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
+	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
+	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
+	0x04be, 0x04be,
+	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
+	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
+	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
+	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
+	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
+	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
+	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
+	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
+	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
+	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
+	0x04da, 0x04da,
+	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
+	0x04de, 0x04de,
+	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
+	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
+	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
+	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
+	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
+	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
+	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
+	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
+	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
+	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
+	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
+	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
+	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
+	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
+	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
+	0x0500, 0x0500,
+	0x0502, 0x0502,
+	0x0504, 0x0504,
+	0x0506, 0x0506,
+	0x0508, 0x0508,
+	0x050a, 0x050a,
+	0x050c, 0x050c,
+	0x050e, 0x050e,
+	0x0510, 0x0510,
+	0x0512, 0x0512,
+	0x0514, 0x0514,
+	0x0516, 0x0516,
+	0x0518, 0x0518,
+	0x051a, 0x051a,
+	0x051c, 0x051c,
+	0x051e, 0x051e,
+	0x0520, 0x0520,
+	0x0522, 0x0522,
+	0x0524, 0x0524,
+	0x0526, 0x0526,
+	0x0528, 0x0528,
+	0x052a, 0x052a,
+	0x052c, 0x052c,
+	0x052e, 0x052e,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
+	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
+	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
+	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
+	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
+	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
+	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
+	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
+	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
+	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
+	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
+	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
+	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
+	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
+	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
+	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
+	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
+	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
+	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
+	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
+	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
+	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
+	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
+	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
+	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
+	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
+	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
+	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
+	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
+	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
+	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
+	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
+	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
+	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
+	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
+	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
+	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
+	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
+	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
+	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
+	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
+	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
+	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
+	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
+	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
+	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
+	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
+	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
+	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
+	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
+	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
+	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
+	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
+	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
+	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
+	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
+	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
+	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
+	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
+	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
+	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
+	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
+	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
+	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
+	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
+	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
+	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
+	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
+	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
+	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
+	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
+	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
+	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
+	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
+	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
+	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
+	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
+	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
+	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
+	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
+	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
+	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
+	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
+	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
+	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
+	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
+	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
+	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
+	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
+	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
+	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
+	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
+	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
+	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
+	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
+	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
+	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
+	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
+	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
+	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
+	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
+	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
+	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
+	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
+	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
+	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
+	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
+	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
+	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
+	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
+	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
+	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
+	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
+	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
+	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
+	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
+	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
+	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
+	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
+	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
+	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
+	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
+	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
+	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
+	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
+	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
+	0x1f88, 0x1f8f,
+	0x1f98, 0x1f9f,
+	0x1fa8, 0x1faf,
+	0x1fb8, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fc8, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff8, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x212a, 0x212b,
+	0x2132, 0x2132,
+	0x2160, 0x216f,
+	0x2183, 0x2183,
+	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
+	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
+	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
+	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
+	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
+	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
+	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
+	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
+	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
+	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
+	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
+	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
+	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
+	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
+	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
+	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
+	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
+	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
+	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
+	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
+	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
+	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
+	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
+	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
+	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
+	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
+	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
+	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
+	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
+	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
+	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
+	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
+	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
+	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
+	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
+	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
+	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
+	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
+	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
+	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
+	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
+	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
+	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
+	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
+	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
+	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
+	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
+	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
+	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
+	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
+	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
+	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
+	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
+	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
+	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
+	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
+	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
+	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
+	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
+	0xa640, 0xa640,
+	0xa642, 0xa642,
+	0xa644, 0xa644,
+	0xa646, 0xa646,
+	0xa648, 0xa648,
+	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
+	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
+	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
+	0xa650, 0xa650,
+	0xa652, 0xa652,
+	0xa654, 0xa654,
+	0xa656, 0xa656,
+	0xa658, 0xa658,
+	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
+	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
+	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
+	0xa660, 0xa660,
+	0xa662, 0xa662,
+	0xa664, 0xa664,
+	0xa666, 0xa666,
+	0xa668, 0xa668,
+	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
+	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
+	0xa680, 0xa680,
+	0xa682, 0xa682,
+	0xa684, 0xa684,
+	0xa686, 0xa686,
+	0xa688, 0xa688,
+	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
+	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
+	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
+	0xa690, 0xa690,
+	0xa692, 0xa692,
+	0xa694, 0xa694,
+	0xa696, 0xa696,
+	0xa698, 0xa698,
+	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
+	0xa722, 0xa722,
+	0xa724, 0xa724,
+	0xa726, 0xa726,
+	0xa728, 0xa728,
+	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
+	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
+	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
+	0xa732, 0xa732,
+	0xa734, 0xa734,
+	0xa736, 0xa736,
+	0xa738, 0xa738,
+	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
+	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
+	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
+	0xa740, 0xa740,
+	0xa742, 0xa742,
+	0xa744, 0xa744,
+	0xa746, 0xa746,
+	0xa748, 0xa748,
+	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
+	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
+	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
+	0xa750, 0xa750,
+	0xa752, 0xa752,
+	0xa754, 0xa754,
+	0xa756, 0xa756,
+	0xa758, 0xa758,
+	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
+	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
+	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
+	0xa760, 0xa760,
+	0xa762, 0xa762,
+	0xa764, 0xa764,
+	0xa766, 0xa766,
+	0xa768, 0xa768,
+	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
+	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
+	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
+	0xa779, 0xa779,
+	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
+	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
+	0xa780, 0xa780,
+	0xa782, 0xa782,
+	0xa784, 0xa784,
+	0xa786, 0xa786,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
+	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
+	0xa790, 0xa790,
+	0xa792, 0xa792,
+	0xa796, 0xa796,
+	0xa798, 0xa798,
+	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
+	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
+	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
+	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
+	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
+	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
+	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
+	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
+	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
+	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
+	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
+	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
+	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
+	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
+	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
+	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
+	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
+	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0x10400, 0x10427,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
+}; /* CR_Changes_When_Lowercased */
+
+/* 'Changes_When_Uppercased': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Uppercased[] = {
+	627,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00df, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
+	0x0101, 0x0101,
+	0x0103, 0x0103,
+	0x0105, 0x0105,
+	0x0107, 0x0107,
+	0x0109, 0x0109,
+	0x010b, 0x010b,
+	0x010d, 0x010d,
+	0x010f, 0x010f,
+	0x0111, 0x0111,
+	0x0113, 0x0113,
+	0x0115, 0x0115,
+	0x0117, 0x0117,
+	0x0119, 0x0119,
+	0x011b, 0x011b,
+	0x011d, 0x011d,
+	0x011f, 0x011f,
+	0x0121, 0x0121,
+	0x0123, 0x0123,
+	0x0125, 0x0125,
+	0x0127, 0x0127,
+	0x0129, 0x0129,
+	0x012b, 0x012b,
+	0x012d, 0x012d,
+	0x012f, 0x012f,
+	0x0131, 0x0131,
+	0x0133, 0x0133,
+	0x0135, 0x0135,
+	0x0137, 0x0137,
+	0x013a, 0x013a,
+	0x013c, 0x013c,
+	0x013e, 0x013e,
+	0x0140, 0x0140,
+	0x0142, 0x0142,
+	0x0144, 0x0144,
+	0x0146, 0x0146,
+	0x0148, 0x0149,
+	0x014b, 0x014b,
+	0x014d, 0x014d,
+	0x014f, 0x014f,
+	0x0151, 0x0151,
+	0x0153, 0x0153,
+	0x0155, 0x0155,
+	0x0157, 0x0157,
+	0x0159, 0x0159,
+	0x015b, 0x015b,
+	0x015d, 0x015d,
+	0x015f, 0x015f,
+	0x0161, 0x0161,
+	0x0163, 0x0163,
+	0x0165, 0x0165,
+	0x0167, 0x0167,
+	0x0169, 0x0169,
+	0x016b, 0x016b,
+	0x016d, 0x016d,
+	0x016f, 0x016f,
+	0x0171, 0x0171,
+	0x0173, 0x0173,
+	0x0175, 0x0175,
+	0x0177, 0x0177,
+	0x017a, 0x017a,
+	0x017c, 0x017c,
+	0x017e, 0x0180,
+	0x0183, 0x0183,
+	0x0185, 0x0185,
+	0x0188, 0x0188,
+	0x018c, 0x018c,
+	0x0192, 0x0192,
+	0x0195, 0x0195,
+	0x0199, 0x019a,
+	0x019e, 0x019e,
+	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
+	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
+	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
+	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
+	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
+	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
+	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
+	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
+	0x01b9, 0x01b9,
+	0x01bd, 0x01bd,
+	0x01bf, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c5, 0x01c6,
+	0x01c8, 0x01c9,
+	0x01cb, 0x01cc,
+	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
+	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
+	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
+	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
+	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
+	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
+	0x01da, 0x01da,
+	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
+	0x01df, 0x01df,
+	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
+	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
+	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
+	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
+	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
+	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
+	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
+	0x01ef, 0x01f0,
+	0x01f2, 0x01f3,
+	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
+	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
+	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
+	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
+	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
+	0x0201, 0x0201,
+	0x0203, 0x0203,
+	0x0205, 0x0205,
+	0x0207, 0x0207,
+	0x0209, 0x0209,
+	0x020b, 0x020b,
+	0x020d, 0x020d,
+	0x020f, 0x020f,
+	0x0211, 0x0211,
+	0x0213, 0x0213,
+	0x0215, 0x0215,
+	0x0217, 0x0217,
+	0x0219, 0x0219,
+	0x021b, 0x021b,
+	0x021d, 0x021d,
+	0x021f, 0x021f,
+	0x0223, 0x0223,
+	0x0225, 0x0225,
+	0x0227, 0x0227,
+	0x0229, 0x0229,
+	0x022b, 0x022b,
+	0x022d, 0x022d,
+	0x022f, 0x022f,
+	0x0231, 0x0231,
+	0x0233, 0x0233,
+	0x023c, 0x023c,
+	0x023f, 0x0240,
+	0x0242, 0x0242,
+	0x0247, 0x0247,
+	0x0249, 0x0249,
+	0x024b, 0x024b,
+	0x024d, 0x024d,
+	0x024f, 0x0254,
+	0x0256, 0x0257,
+	0x0259, 0x0259,
+	0x025b, 0x025c,
+	0x0260, 0x0261,
+	0x0263, 0x0263,
+	0x0265, 0x0266,
+	0x0268, 0x026c,
+	0x026f, 0x026f,
+	0x0271, 0x0272,
+	0x0275, 0x0275,
+	0x027d, 0x027d,
+	0x0280, 0x0280,
+	0x0282, 0x0283,
+	0x0287, 0x028c,
+	0x0292, 0x0292,
+	0x029d, 0x029e,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0371, 0x0371,
+	0x0373, 0x0373,
+	0x0377, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x0390, 0x0390,
+	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
+	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
+	0x03db, 0x03db,
+	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
+	0x03df, 0x03df,
+	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
+	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
+	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
+	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
+	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
+	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
+	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
+	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
+	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
+	0x03fb, 0x03fb,
+	0x0430, 0x045f,
+	0x0461, 0x0461,
+	0x0463, 0x0463,
+	0x0465, 0x0465,
+	0x0467, 0x0467,
+	0x0469, 0x0469,
+	0x046b, 0x046b,
+	0x046d, 0x046d,
+	0x046f, 0x046f,
+	0x0471, 0x0471,
+	0x0473, 0x0473,
+	0x0475, 0x0475,
+	0x0477, 0x0477,
+	0x0479, 0x0479,
+	0x047b, 0x047b,
+	0x047d, 0x047d,
+	0x047f, 0x047f,
+	0x0481, 0x0481,
+	0x048b, 0x048b,
+	0x048d, 0x048d,
+	0x048f, 0x048f,
+	0x0491, 0x0491,
+	0x0493, 0x0493,
+	0x0495, 0x0495,
+	0x0497, 0x0497,
+	0x0499, 0x0499,
+	0x049b, 0x049b,
+	0x049d, 0x049d,
+	0x049f, 0x049f,
+	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
+	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
+	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
+	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
+	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
+	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
+	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
+	0x04af, 0x04af,
+	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
+	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
+	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
+	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
+	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
+	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
+	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
+	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
+	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
+	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
+	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
+	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
+	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
+	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
+	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
+	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
+	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
+	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
+	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
+	0x04db, 0x04db,
+	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
+	0x04df, 0x04df,
+	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
+	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
+	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
+	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
+	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
+	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
+	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
+	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
+	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
+	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
+	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
+	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
+	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
+	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
+	0x0501, 0x0501,
+	0x0503, 0x0503,
+	0x0505, 0x0505,
+	0x0507, 0x0507,
+	0x0509, 0x0509,
+	0x050b, 0x050b,
+	0x050d, 0x050d,
+	0x050f, 0x050f,
+	0x0511, 0x0511,
+	0x0513, 0x0513,
+	0x0515, 0x0515,
+	0x0517, 0x0517,
+	0x0519, 0x0519,
+	0x051b, 0x051b,
+	0x051d, 0x051d,
+	0x051f, 0x051f,
+	0x0521, 0x0521,
+	0x0523, 0x0523,
+	0x0525, 0x0525,
+	0x0527, 0x0527,
+	0x0529, 0x0529,
+	0x052b, 0x052b,
+	0x052d, 0x052d,
+	0x052f, 0x052f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1d79, 0x1d79,
+	0x1d7d, 0x1d7d,
+	0x1d8e, 0x1d8e,
+	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
+	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
+	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
+	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
+	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
+	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
+	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
+	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
+	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
+	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
+	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
+	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
+	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
+	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
+	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
+	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
+	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
+	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
+	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
+	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
+	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
+	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
+	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
+	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
+	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
+	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
+	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
+	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
+	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
+	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
+	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
+	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
+	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
+	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
+	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
+	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
+	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
+	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
+	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
+	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
+	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
+	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
+	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
+	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
+	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
+	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
+	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
+	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
+	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
+	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
+	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
+	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
+	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
+	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
+	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
+	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
+	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
+	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
+	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
+	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
+	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
+	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
+	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
+	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
+	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
+	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
+	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
+	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
+	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
+	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
+	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
+	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
+	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
+	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
+	0x1e95, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
+	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
+	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
+	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
+	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
+	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
+	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
+	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
+	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
+	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
+	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
+	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
+	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
+	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
+	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
+	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
+	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
+	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
+	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
+	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
+	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
+	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
+	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
+	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
+	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
+	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
+	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
+	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
+	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
+	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
+	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
+	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
+	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
+	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
+	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
+	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
+	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
+	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
+	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
+	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
+	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
+	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
+	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
+	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
+	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
+	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
+	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
+	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
+	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
+	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
+	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
+	0x1fbc, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
+	0x1fcc, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
+	0x1ffc, 0x1ffc,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2170, 0x217f,
+	0x2184, 0x2184,
+	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
+	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
+	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
+	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
+	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
+	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
+	0x2c73, 0x2c73,
+	0x2c76, 0x2c76,
+	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
+	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
+	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
+	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
+	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
+	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
+	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
+	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
+	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
+	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
+	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
+	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
+	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
+	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
+	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
+	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
+	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
+	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
+	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
+	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
+	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
+	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
+	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
+	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
+	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
+	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
+	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
+	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
+	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
+	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
+	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
+	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
+	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
+	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
+	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
+	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
+	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
+	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
+	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
+	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
+	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
+	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
+	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
+	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
+	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
+	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
+	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
+	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
+	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
+	0x2ce3, 0x2ce3,
+	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
+	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa641, 0xa641,
+	0xa643, 0xa643,
+	0xa645, 0xa645,
+	0xa647, 0xa647,
+	0xa649, 0xa649,
+	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
+	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
+	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
+	0xa651, 0xa651,
+	0xa653, 0xa653,
+	0xa655, 0xa655,
+	0xa657, 0xa657,
+	0xa659, 0xa659,
+	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
+	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
+	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
+	0xa661, 0xa661,
+	0xa663, 0xa663,
+	0xa665, 0xa665,
+	0xa667, 0xa667,
+	0xa669, 0xa669,
+	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
+	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
+	0xa681, 0xa681,
+	0xa683, 0xa683,
+	0xa685, 0xa685,
+	0xa687, 0xa687,
+	0xa689, 0xa689,
+	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
+	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
+	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
+	0xa691, 0xa691,
+	0xa693, 0xa693,
+	0xa695, 0xa695,
+	0xa697, 0xa697,
+	0xa699, 0xa699,
+	0xa69b, 0xa69b,
+	0xa723, 0xa723,
+	0xa725, 0xa725,
+	0xa727, 0xa727,
+	0xa729, 0xa729,
+	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
+	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
+	0xa72f, 0xa72f,
+	0xa733, 0xa733,
+	0xa735, 0xa735,
+	0xa737, 0xa737,
+	0xa739, 0xa739,
+	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
+	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
+	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
+	0xa741, 0xa741,
+	0xa743, 0xa743,
+	0xa745, 0xa745,
+	0xa747, 0xa747,
+	0xa749, 0xa749,
+	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
+	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
+	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
+	0xa751, 0xa751,
+	0xa753, 0xa753,
+	0xa755, 0xa755,
+	0xa757, 0xa757,
+	0xa759, 0xa759,
+	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
+	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
+	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
+	0xa761, 0xa761,
+	0xa763, 0xa763,
+	0xa765, 0xa765,
+	0xa767, 0xa767,
+	0xa769, 0xa769,
+	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
+	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
+	0xa76f, 0xa76f,
+	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
+	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
+	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
+	0xa781, 0xa781,
+	0xa783, 0xa783,
+	0xa785, 0xa785,
+	0xa787, 0xa787,
+	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
+	0xa791, 0xa791,
+	0xa793, 0xa794,
+	0xa797, 0xa797,
+	0xa799, 0xa799,
+	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
+	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
+	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
+	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
+	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
+	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
+	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
+	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
+	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
+	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
+	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
+	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
+	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
+	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
+	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
+	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
+	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
+	0xab53, 0xab53,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10428, 0x1044f,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118c0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
+}; /* CR_Changes_When_Uppercased */
+
+/* 'Changes_When_Titlecased': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Titlecased[] = {
+	626,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00df, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x00ff,
+	0x0101, 0x0101,
+	0x0103, 0x0103,
+	0x0105, 0x0105,
+	0x0107, 0x0107,
+	0x0109, 0x0109,
+	0x010b, 0x010b,
+	0x010d, 0x010d,
+	0x010f, 0x010f,
+	0x0111, 0x0111,
+	0x0113, 0x0113,
+	0x0115, 0x0115,
+	0x0117, 0x0117,
+	0x0119, 0x0119,
+	0x011b, 0x011b,
+	0x011d, 0x011d,
+	0x011f, 0x011f,
+	0x0121, 0x0121,
+	0x0123, 0x0123,
+	0x0125, 0x0125,
+	0x0127, 0x0127,
+	0x0129, 0x0129,
+	0x012b, 0x012b,
+	0x012d, 0x012d,
+	0x012f, 0x012f,
+	0x0131, 0x0131,
+	0x0133, 0x0133,
+	0x0135, 0x0135,
+	0x0137, 0x0137,
+	0x013a, 0x013a,
+	0x013c, 0x013c,
+	0x013e, 0x013e,
+	0x0140, 0x0140,
+	0x0142, 0x0142,
+	0x0144, 0x0144,
+	0x0146, 0x0146,
+	0x0148, 0x0149,
+	0x014b, 0x014b,
+	0x014d, 0x014d,
+	0x014f, 0x014f,
+	0x0151, 0x0151,
+	0x0153, 0x0153,
+	0x0155, 0x0155,
+	0x0157, 0x0157,
+	0x0159, 0x0159,
+	0x015b, 0x015b,
+	0x015d, 0x015d,
+	0x015f, 0x015f,
+	0x0161, 0x0161,
+	0x0163, 0x0163,
+	0x0165, 0x0165,
+	0x0167, 0x0167,
+	0x0169, 0x0169,
+	0x016b, 0x016b,
+	0x016d, 0x016d,
+	0x016f, 0x016f,
+	0x0171, 0x0171,
+	0x0173, 0x0173,
+	0x0175, 0x0175,
+	0x0177, 0x0177,
+	0x017a, 0x017a,
+	0x017c, 0x017c,
+	0x017e, 0x0180,
+	0x0183, 0x0183,
+	0x0185, 0x0185,
+	0x0188, 0x0188,
+	0x018c, 0x018c,
+	0x0192, 0x0192,
+	0x0195, 0x0195,
+	0x0199, 0x019a,
+	0x019e, 0x019e,
+	0x01a1, 0x01a1,
+	0x01a3, 0x01a3,
+	0x01a5, 0x01a5,
+	0x01a8, 0x01a8,
+	0x01ad, 0x01ad,
+	0x01b0, 0x01b0,
+	0x01b4, 0x01b4,
+	0x01b6, 0x01b6,
+	0x01b9, 0x01b9,
+	0x01bd, 0x01bd,
+	0x01bf, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c4, 0x01c4,
+	0x01c6, 0x01c7,
+	0x01c9, 0x01ca,
+	0x01cc, 0x01cc,
+	0x01ce, 0x01ce,
+	0x01d0, 0x01d0,
+	0x01d2, 0x01d2,
+	0x01d4, 0x01d4,
+	0x01d6, 0x01d6,
+	0x01d8, 0x01d8,
+	0x01da, 0x01da,
+	0x01dc, 0x01dd,
+	0x01df, 0x01df,
+	0x01e1, 0x01e1,
+	0x01e3, 0x01e3,
+	0x01e5, 0x01e5,
+	0x01e7, 0x01e7,
+	0x01e9, 0x01e9,
+	0x01eb, 0x01eb,
+	0x01ed, 0x01ed,
+	0x01ef, 0x01f1,
+	0x01f3, 0x01f3,
+	0x01f5, 0x01f5,
+	0x01f9, 0x01f9,
+	0x01fb, 0x01fb,
+	0x01fd, 0x01fd,
+	0x01ff, 0x01ff,
+	0x0201, 0x0201,
+	0x0203, 0x0203,
+	0x0205, 0x0205,
+	0x0207, 0x0207,
+	0x0209, 0x0209,
+	0x020b, 0x020b,
+	0x020d, 0x020d,
+	0x020f, 0x020f,
+	0x0211, 0x0211,
+	0x0213, 0x0213,
+	0x0215, 0x0215,
+	0x0217, 0x0217,
+	0x0219, 0x0219,
+	0x021b, 0x021b,
+	0x021d, 0x021d,
+	0x021f, 0x021f,
+	0x0223, 0x0223,
+	0x0225, 0x0225,
+	0x0227, 0x0227,
+	0x0229, 0x0229,
+	0x022b, 0x022b,
+	0x022d, 0x022d,
+	0x022f, 0x022f,
+	0x0231, 0x0231,
+	0x0233, 0x0233,
+	0x023c, 0x023c,
+	0x023f, 0x0240,
+	0x0242, 0x0242,
+	0x0247, 0x0247,
+	0x0249, 0x0249,
+	0x024b, 0x024b,
+	0x024d, 0x024d,
+	0x024f, 0x0254,
+	0x0256, 0x0257,
+	0x0259, 0x0259,
+	0x025b, 0x025c,
+	0x0260, 0x0261,
+	0x0263, 0x0263,
+	0x0265, 0x0266,
+	0x0268, 0x026c,
+	0x026f, 0x026f,
+	0x0271, 0x0272,
+	0x0275, 0x0275,
+	0x027d, 0x027d,
+	0x0280, 0x0280,
+	0x0282, 0x0283,
+	0x0287, 0x028c,
+	0x0292, 0x0292,
+	0x029d, 0x029e,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0371, 0x0371,
+	0x0373, 0x0373,
+	0x0377, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x0390, 0x0390,
+	0x03ac, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d1,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d7,
+	0x03d9, 0x03d9,
+	0x03db, 0x03db,
+	0x03dd, 0x03dd,
+	0x03df, 0x03df,
+	0x03e1, 0x03e1,
+	0x03e3, 0x03e3,
+	0x03e5, 0x03e5,
+	0x03e7, 0x03e7,
+	0x03e9, 0x03e9,
+	0x03eb, 0x03eb,
+	0x03ed, 0x03ed,
+	0x03ef, 0x03f3,
+	0x03f5, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f8, 0x03f8,
+	0x03fb, 0x03fb,
+	0x0430, 0x045f,
+	0x0461, 0x0461,
+	0x0463, 0x0463,
+	0x0465, 0x0465,
+	0x0467, 0x0467,
+	0x0469, 0x0469,
+	0x046b, 0x046b,
+	0x046d, 0x046d,
+	0x046f, 0x046f,
+	0x0471, 0x0471,
+	0x0473, 0x0473,
+	0x0475, 0x0475,
+	0x0477, 0x0477,
+	0x0479, 0x0479,
+	0x047b, 0x047b,
+	0x047d, 0x047d,
+	0x047f, 0x047f,
+	0x0481, 0x0481,
+	0x048b, 0x048b,
+	0x048d, 0x048d,
+	0x048f, 0x048f,
+	0x0491, 0x0491,
+	0x0493, 0x0493,
+	0x0495, 0x0495,
+	0x0497, 0x0497,
+	0x0499, 0x0499,
+	0x049b, 0x049b,
+	0x049d, 0x049d,
+	0x049f, 0x049f,
+	0x04a1, 0x04a1,
+	0x04a3, 0x04a3,
+	0x04a5, 0x04a5,
+	0x04a7, 0x04a7,
+	0x04a9, 0x04a9,
+	0x04ab, 0x04ab,
+	0x04ad, 0x04ad,
+	0x04af, 0x04af,
+	0x04b1, 0x04b1,
+	0x04b3, 0x04b3,
+	0x04b5, 0x04b5,
+	0x04b7, 0x04b7,
+	0x04b9, 0x04b9,
+	0x04bb, 0x04bb,
+	0x04bd, 0x04bd,
+	0x04bf, 0x04bf,
+	0x04c2, 0x04c2,
+	0x04c4, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c6, 0x04c6,
+	0x04c8, 0x04c8,
+	0x04ca, 0x04ca,
+	0x04cc, 0x04cc,
+	0x04ce, 0x04cf,
+	0x04d1, 0x04d1,
+	0x04d3, 0x04d3,
+	0x04d5, 0x04d5,
+	0x04d7, 0x04d7,
+	0x04d9, 0x04d9,
+	0x04db, 0x04db,
+	0x04dd, 0x04dd,
+	0x04df, 0x04df,
+	0x04e1, 0x04e1,
+	0x04e3, 0x04e3,
+	0x04e5, 0x04e5,
+	0x04e7, 0x04e7,
+	0x04e9, 0x04e9,
+	0x04eb, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ed, 0x04ed,
+	0x04ef, 0x04ef,
+	0x04f1, 0x04f1,
+	0x04f3, 0x04f3,
+	0x04f5, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f7, 0x04f7,
+	0x04f9, 0x04f9,
+	0x04fb, 0x04fb,
+	0x04fd, 0x04fd,
+	0x04ff, 0x04ff,
+	0x0501, 0x0501,
+	0x0503, 0x0503,
+	0x0505, 0x0505,
+	0x0507, 0x0507,
+	0x0509, 0x0509,
+	0x050b, 0x050b,
+	0x050d, 0x050d,
+	0x050f, 0x050f,
+	0x0511, 0x0511,
+	0x0513, 0x0513,
+	0x0515, 0x0515,
+	0x0517, 0x0517,
+	0x0519, 0x0519,
+	0x051b, 0x051b,
+	0x051d, 0x051d,
+	0x051f, 0x051f,
+	0x0521, 0x0521,
+	0x0523, 0x0523,
+	0x0525, 0x0525,
+	0x0527, 0x0527,
+	0x0529, 0x0529,
+	0x052b, 0x052b,
+	0x052d, 0x052d,
+	0x052f, 0x052f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1d79, 0x1d79,
+	0x1d7d, 0x1d7d,
+	0x1d8e, 0x1d8e,
+	0x1e01, 0x1e01,
+	0x1e03, 0x1e03,
+	0x1e05, 0x1e05,
+	0x1e07, 0x1e07,
+	0x1e09, 0x1e09,
+	0x1e0b, 0x1e0b,
+	0x1e0d, 0x1e0d,
+	0x1e0f, 0x1e0f,
+	0x1e11, 0x1e11,
+	0x1e13, 0x1e13,
+	0x1e15, 0x1e15,
+	0x1e17, 0x1e17,
+	0x1e19, 0x1e19,
+	0x1e1b, 0x1e1b,
+	0x1e1d, 0x1e1d,
+	0x1e1f, 0x1e1f,
+	0x1e21, 0x1e21,
+	0x1e23, 0x1e23,
+	0x1e25, 0x1e25,
+	0x1e27, 0x1e27,
+	0x1e29, 0x1e29,
+	0x1e2b, 0x1e2b,
+	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
+	0x1e2f, 0x1e2f,
+	0x1e31, 0x1e31,
+	0x1e33, 0x1e33,
+	0x1e35, 0x1e35,
+	0x1e37, 0x1e37,
+	0x1e39, 0x1e39,
+	0x1e3b, 0x1e3b,
+	0x1e3d, 0x1e3d,
+	0x1e3f, 0x1e3f,
+	0x1e41, 0x1e41,
+	0x1e43, 0x1e43,
+	0x1e45, 0x1e45,
+	0x1e47, 0x1e47,
+	0x1e49, 0x1e49,
+	0x1e4b, 0x1e4b,
+	0x1e4d, 0x1e4d,
+	0x1e4f, 0x1e4f,
+	0x1e51, 0x1e51,
+	0x1e53, 0x1e53,
+	0x1e55, 0x1e55,
+	0x1e57, 0x1e57,
+	0x1e59, 0x1e59,
+	0x1e5b, 0x1e5b,
+	0x1e5d, 0x1e5d,
+	0x1e5f, 0x1e5f,
+	0x1e61, 0x1e61,
+	0x1e63, 0x1e63,
+	0x1e65, 0x1e65,
+	0x1e67, 0x1e67,
+	0x1e69, 0x1e69,
+	0x1e6b, 0x1e6b,
+	0x1e6d, 0x1e6d,
+	0x1e6f, 0x1e6f,
+	0x1e71, 0x1e71,
+	0x1e73, 0x1e73,
+	0x1e75, 0x1e75,
+	0x1e77, 0x1e77,
+	0x1e79, 0x1e79,
+	0x1e7b, 0x1e7b,
+	0x1e7d, 0x1e7d,
+	0x1e7f, 0x1e7f,
+	0x1e81, 0x1e81,
+	0x1e83, 0x1e83,
+	0x1e85, 0x1e85,
+	0x1e87, 0x1e87,
+	0x1e89, 0x1e89,
+	0x1e8b, 0x1e8b,
+	0x1e8d, 0x1e8d,
+	0x1e8f, 0x1e8f,
+	0x1e91, 0x1e91,
+	0x1e93, 0x1e93,
+	0x1e95, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea1, 0x1ea1,
+	0x1ea3, 0x1ea3,
+	0x1ea5, 0x1ea5,
+	0x1ea7, 0x1ea7,
+	0x1ea9, 0x1ea9,
+	0x1eab, 0x1eab,
+	0x1ead, 0x1ead,
+	0x1eaf, 0x1eaf,
+	0x1eb1, 0x1eb1,
+	0x1eb3, 0x1eb3,
+	0x1eb5, 0x1eb5,
+	0x1eb7, 0x1eb7,
+	0x1eb9, 0x1eb9,
+	0x1ebb, 0x1ebb,
+	0x1ebd, 0x1ebd,
+	0x1ebf, 0x1ebf,
+	0x1ec1, 0x1ec1,
+	0x1ec3, 0x1ec3,
+	0x1ec5, 0x1ec5,
+	0x1ec7, 0x1ec7,
+	0x1ec9, 0x1ec9,
+	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
+	0x1ecd, 0x1ecd,
+	0x1ecf, 0x1ecf,
+	0x1ed1, 0x1ed1,
+	0x1ed3, 0x1ed3,
+	0x1ed5, 0x1ed5,
+	0x1ed7, 0x1ed7,
+	0x1ed9, 0x1ed9,
+	0x1edb, 0x1edb,
+	0x1edd, 0x1edd,
+	0x1edf, 0x1edf,
+	0x1ee1, 0x1ee1,
+	0x1ee3, 0x1ee3,
+	0x1ee5, 0x1ee5,
+	0x1ee7, 0x1ee7,
+	0x1ee9, 0x1ee9,
+	0x1eeb, 0x1eeb,
+	0x1eed, 0x1eed,
+	0x1eef, 0x1eef,
+	0x1ef1, 0x1ef1,
+	0x1ef3, 0x1ef3,
+	0x1ef5, 0x1ef5,
+	0x1ef7, 0x1ef7,
+	0x1ef9, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1efb, 0x1efb,
+	0x1efd, 0x1efd,
+	0x1eff, 0x1f07,
+	0x1f10, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f27,
+	0x1f30, 0x1f37,
+	0x1f40, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f60, 0x1f67,
+	0x1f70, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1f87,
+	0x1f90, 0x1f97,
+	0x1fa0, 0x1fa7,
+	0x1fb0, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fb7,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fc7,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fd7,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fe7,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ff7,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2170, 0x217f,
+	0x2184, 0x2184,
+	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5f,
+	0x2c61, 0x2c61,
+	0x2c65, 0x2c66,
+	0x2c68, 0x2c68,
+	0x2c6a, 0x2c6a,
+	0x2c6c, 0x2c6c,
+	0x2c73, 0x2c73,
+	0x2c76, 0x2c76,
+	0x2c81, 0x2c81,
+	0x2c83, 0x2c83,
+	0x2c85, 0x2c85,
+	0x2c87, 0x2c87,
+	0x2c89, 0x2c89,
+	0x2c8b, 0x2c8b,
+	0x2c8d, 0x2c8d,
+	0x2c8f, 0x2c8f,
+	0x2c91, 0x2c91,
+	0x2c93, 0x2c93,
+	0x2c95, 0x2c95,
+	0x2c97, 0x2c97,
+	0x2c99, 0x2c99,
+	0x2c9b, 0x2c9b,
+	0x2c9d, 0x2c9d,
+	0x2c9f, 0x2c9f,
+	0x2ca1, 0x2ca1,
+	0x2ca3, 0x2ca3,
+	0x2ca5, 0x2ca5,
+	0x2ca7, 0x2ca7,
+	0x2ca9, 0x2ca9,
+	0x2cab, 0x2cab,
+	0x2cad, 0x2cad,
+	0x2caf, 0x2caf,
+	0x2cb1, 0x2cb1,
+	0x2cb3, 0x2cb3,
+	0x2cb5, 0x2cb5,
+	0x2cb7, 0x2cb7,
+	0x2cb9, 0x2cb9,
+	0x2cbb, 0x2cbb,
+	0x2cbd, 0x2cbd,
+	0x2cbf, 0x2cbf,
+	0x2cc1, 0x2cc1,
+	0x2cc3, 0x2cc3,
+	0x2cc5, 0x2cc5,
+	0x2cc7, 0x2cc7,
+	0x2cc9, 0x2cc9,
+	0x2ccb, 0x2ccb,
+	0x2ccd, 0x2ccd,
+	0x2ccf, 0x2ccf,
+	0x2cd1, 0x2cd1,
+	0x2cd3, 0x2cd3,
+	0x2cd5, 0x2cd5,
+	0x2cd7, 0x2cd7,
+	0x2cd9, 0x2cd9,
+	0x2cdb, 0x2cdb,
+	0x2cdd, 0x2cdd,
+	0x2cdf, 0x2cdf,
+	0x2ce1, 0x2ce1,
+	0x2ce3, 0x2ce3,
+	0x2cec, 0x2cec,
+	0x2cee, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf3, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa641, 0xa641,
+	0xa643, 0xa643,
+	0xa645, 0xa645,
+	0xa647, 0xa647,
+	0xa649, 0xa649,
+	0xa64b, 0xa64b,
+	0xa64d, 0xa64d,
+	0xa64f, 0xa64f,
+	0xa651, 0xa651,
+	0xa653, 0xa653,
+	0xa655, 0xa655,
+	0xa657, 0xa657,
+	0xa659, 0xa659,
+	0xa65b, 0xa65b,
+	0xa65d, 0xa65d,
+	0xa65f, 0xa65f,
+	0xa661, 0xa661,
+	0xa663, 0xa663,
+	0xa665, 0xa665,
+	0xa667, 0xa667,
+	0xa669, 0xa669,
+	0xa66b, 0xa66b,
+	0xa66d, 0xa66d,
+	0xa681, 0xa681,
+	0xa683, 0xa683,
+	0xa685, 0xa685,
+	0xa687, 0xa687,
+	0xa689, 0xa689,
+	0xa68b, 0xa68b,
+	0xa68d, 0xa68d,
+	0xa68f, 0xa68f,
+	0xa691, 0xa691,
+	0xa693, 0xa693,
+	0xa695, 0xa695,
+	0xa697, 0xa697,
+	0xa699, 0xa699,
+	0xa69b, 0xa69b,
+	0xa723, 0xa723,
+	0xa725, 0xa725,
+	0xa727, 0xa727,
+	0xa729, 0xa729,
+	0xa72b, 0xa72b,
+	0xa72d, 0xa72d,
+	0xa72f, 0xa72f,
+	0xa733, 0xa733,
+	0xa735, 0xa735,
+	0xa737, 0xa737,
+	0xa739, 0xa739,
+	0xa73b, 0xa73b,
+	0xa73d, 0xa73d,
+	0xa73f, 0xa73f,
+	0xa741, 0xa741,
+	0xa743, 0xa743,
+	0xa745, 0xa745,
+	0xa747, 0xa747,
+	0xa749, 0xa749,
+	0xa74b, 0xa74b,
+	0xa74d, 0xa74d,
+	0xa74f, 0xa74f,
+	0xa751, 0xa751,
+	0xa753, 0xa753,
+	0xa755, 0xa755,
+	0xa757, 0xa757,
+	0xa759, 0xa759,
+	0xa75b, 0xa75b,
+	0xa75d, 0xa75d,
+	0xa75f, 0xa75f,
+	0xa761, 0xa761,
+	0xa763, 0xa763,
+	0xa765, 0xa765,
+	0xa767, 0xa767,
+	0xa769, 0xa769,
+	0xa76b, 0xa76b,
+	0xa76d, 0xa76d,
+	0xa76f, 0xa76f,
+	0xa77a, 0xa77a,
+	0xa77c, 0xa77c,
+	0xa77f, 0xa77f,
+	0xa781, 0xa781,
+	0xa783, 0xa783,
+	0xa785, 0xa785,
+	0xa787, 0xa787,
+	0xa78c, 0xa78c,
+	0xa791, 0xa791,
+	0xa793, 0xa794,
+	0xa797, 0xa797,
+	0xa799, 0xa799,
+	0xa79b, 0xa79b,
+	0xa79d, 0xa79d,
+	0xa79f, 0xa79f,
+	0xa7a1, 0xa7a1,
+	0xa7a3, 0xa7a3,
+	0xa7a5, 0xa7a5,
+	0xa7a7, 0xa7a7,
+	0xa7a9, 0xa7a9,
+	0xa7b5, 0xa7b5,
+	0xa7b7, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7b9, 0xa7b9,
+	0xa7bb, 0xa7bb,
+	0xa7bd, 0xa7bd,
+	0xa7bf, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c1, 0xa7c1,
+	0xa7c3, 0xa7c3,
+	0xa7c8, 0xa7c8,
+	0xa7ca, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d1, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d7, 0xa7d7,
+	0xa7d9, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f6, 0xa7f6,
+	0xab53, 0xab53,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10428, 0x1044f,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118c0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e60, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1e922, 0x1e943,
+}; /* CR_Changes_When_Titlecased */
+
+/* 'Changes_When_Casefolded': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Casefolded[] = {
+	622,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00df,
+	0x0100, 0x0100,
+	0x0102, 0x0102,
+	0x0104, 0x0104,
+	0x0106, 0x0106,
+	0x0108, 0x0108,
+	0x010a, 0x010a,
+	0x010c, 0x010c,
+	0x010e, 0x010e,
+	0x0110, 0x0110,
+	0x0112, 0x0112,
+	0x0114, 0x0114,
+	0x0116, 0x0116,
+	0x0118, 0x0118,
+	0x011a, 0x011a,
+	0x011c, 0x011c,
+	0x011e, 0x011e,
+	0x0120, 0x0120,
+	0x0122, 0x0122,
+	0x0124, 0x0124,
+	0x0126, 0x0126,
+	0x0128, 0x0128,
+	0x012a, 0x012a,
+	0x012c, 0x012c,
+	0x012e, 0x012e,
+	0x0130, 0x0130,
+	0x0132, 0x0132,
+	0x0134, 0x0134,
+	0x0136, 0x0136,
+	0x0139, 0x0139,
+	0x013b, 0x013b,
+	0x013d, 0x013d,
+	0x013f, 0x013f,
+	0x0141, 0x0141,
+	0x0143, 0x0143,
+	0x0145, 0x0145,
+	0x0147, 0x0147,
+	0x0149, 0x014a,
+	0x014c, 0x014c,
+	0x014e, 0x014e,
+	0x0150, 0x0150,
+	0x0152, 0x0152,
+	0x0154, 0x0154,
+	0x0156, 0x0156,
+	0x0158, 0x0158,
+	0x015a, 0x015a,
+	0x015c, 0x015c,
+	0x015e, 0x015e,
+	0x0160, 0x0160,
+	0x0162, 0x0162,
+	0x0164, 0x0164,
+	0x0166, 0x0166,
+	0x0168, 0x0168,
+	0x016a, 0x016a,
+	0x016c, 0x016c,
+	0x016e, 0x016e,
+	0x0170, 0x0170,
+	0x0172, 0x0172,
+	0x0174, 0x0174,
+	0x0176, 0x0176,
+	0x0178, 0x0179,
+	0x017b, 0x017b,
+	0x017d, 0x017d,
+	0x017f, 0x017f,
+	0x0181, 0x0182,
+	0x0184, 0x0184,
+	0x0186, 0x0187,
+	0x0189, 0x018b,
+	0x018e, 0x0191,
+	0x0193, 0x0194,
+	0x0196, 0x0198,
+	0x019c, 0x019d,
+	0x019f, 0x01a0,
+	0x01a2, 0x01a2,
+	0x01a4, 0x01a4,
+	0x01a6, 0x01a7,
+	0x01a9, 0x01a9,
+	0x01ac, 0x01ac,
+	0x01ae, 0x01af,
+	0x01b1, 0x01b3,
+	0x01b5, 0x01b5,
+	0x01b7, 0x01b8,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bc,
+	0x01c4, 0x01c5,
+	0x01c7, 0x01c8,
+	0x01ca, 0x01cb,
+	0x01cd, 0x01cd,
+	0x01cf, 0x01cf,
+	0x01d1, 0x01d1,
+	0x01d3, 0x01d3,
+	0x01d5, 0x01d5,
+	0x01d7, 0x01d7,
+	0x01d9, 0x01d9,
+	0x01db, 0x01db,
+	0x01de, 0x01de,
+	0x01e0, 0x01e0,
+	0x01e2, 0x01e2,
+	0x01e4, 0x01e4,
+	0x01e6, 0x01e6,
+	0x01e8, 0x01e8,
+	0x01ea, 0x01ea,
+	0x01ec, 0x01ec,
+	0x01ee, 0x01ee,
+	0x01f1, 0x01f2,
+	0x01f4, 0x01f4,
+	0x01f6, 0x01f8,
+	0x01fa, 0x01fa,
+	0x01fc, 0x01fc,
+	0x01fe, 0x01fe,
+	0x0200, 0x0200,
+	0x0202, 0x0202,
+	0x0204, 0x0204,
+	0x0206, 0x0206,
+	0x0208, 0x0208,
+	0x020a, 0x020a,
+	0x020c, 0x020c,
+	0x020e, 0x020e,
+	0x0210, 0x0210,
+	0x0212, 0x0212,
+	0x0214, 0x0214,
+	0x0216, 0x0216,
+	0x0218, 0x0218,
+	0x021a, 0x021a,
+	0x021c, 0x021c,
+	0x021e, 0x021e,
+	0x0220, 0x0220,
+	0x0222, 0x0222,
+	0x0224, 0x0224,
+	0x0226, 0x0226,
+	0x0228, 0x0228,
+	0x022a, 0x022a,
+	0x022c, 0x022c,
+	0x022e, 0x022e,
+	0x0230, 0x0230,
+	0x0232, 0x0232,
+	0x023a, 0x023b,
+	0x023d, 0x023e,
+	0x0241, 0x0241,
+	0x0243, 0x0246,
+	0x0248, 0x0248,
+	0x024a, 0x024a,
+	0x024c, 0x024c,
+	0x024e, 0x024e,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0370, 0x0370,
+	0x0372, 0x0372,
+	0x0376, 0x0376,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x038f,
+	0x0391, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ab,
+	0x03c2, 0x03c2,
+	0x03cf, 0x03d1,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d6,
+	0x03d8, 0x03d8,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03e2,
+	0x03e4, 0x03e4,
+	0x03e6, 0x03e6,
+	0x03e8, 0x03e8,
+	0x03ea, 0x03ea,
+	0x03ec, 0x03ec,
+	0x03ee, 0x03ee,
+	0x03f0, 0x03f1,
+	0x03f4, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x03f7,
+	0x03f9, 0x03fa,
+	0x03fd, 0x042f,
+	0x0460, 0x0460,
+	0x0462, 0x0462,
+	0x0464, 0x0464,
+	0x0466, 0x0466,
+	0x0468, 0x0468,
+	0x046a, 0x046a,
+	0x046c, 0x046c,
+	0x046e, 0x046e,
+	0x0470, 0x0470,
+	0x0472, 0x0472,
+	0x0474, 0x0474,
+	0x0476, 0x0476,
+	0x0478, 0x0478,
+	0x047a, 0x047a,
+	0x047c, 0x047c,
+	0x047e, 0x047e,
+	0x0480, 0x0480,
+	0x048a, 0x048a,
+	0x048c, 0x048c,
+	0x048e, 0x048e,
+	0x0490, 0x0490,
+	0x0492, 0x0492,
+	0x0494, 0x0494,
+	0x0496, 0x0496,
+	0x0498, 0x0498,
+	0x049a, 0x049a,
+	0x049c, 0x049c,
+	0x049e, 0x049e,
+	0x04a0, 0x04a0,
+	0x04a2, 0x04a2,
+	0x04a4, 0x04a4,
+	0x04a6, 0x04a6,
+	0x04a8, 0x04a8,
+	0x04aa, 0x04aa,
+	0x04ac, 0x04ac,
+	0x04ae, 0x04ae,
+	0x04b0, 0x04b0,
+	0x04b2, 0x04b2,
+	0x04b4, 0x04b4,
+	0x04b6, 0x04b6,
+	0x04b8, 0x04b8,
+	0x04ba, 0x04ba,
+	0x04bc, 0x04bc,
+	0x04be, 0x04be,
+	0x04c0, 0x04c1,
+	0x04c3, 0x04c3,
+	0x04c5, 0x04c5,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c7,
+	0x04c9, 0x04c9,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cb,
+	0x04cd, 0x04cd,
+	0x04d0, 0x04d0,
+	0x04d2, 0x04d2,
+	0x04d4, 0x04d4,
+	0x04d6, 0x04d6,
+	0x04d8, 0x04d8,
+	0x04da, 0x04da,
+	0x04dc, 0x04dc,
+	0x04de, 0x04de,
+	0x04e0, 0x04e0,
+	0x04e2, 0x04e2,
+	0x04e4, 0x04e4,
+	0x04e6, 0x04e6,
+	0x04e8, 0x04e8,
+	0x04ea, 0x04ea,
+	0x04ec, 0x04ec,
+	0x04ee, 0x04ee,
+	0x04f0, 0x04f0,
+	0x04f2, 0x04f2,
+	0x04f4, 0x04f4,
+	0x04f6, 0x04f6,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f8,
+	0x04fa, 0x04fa,
+	0x04fc, 0x04fc,
+	0x04fe, 0x04fe,
+	0x0500, 0x0500,
+	0x0502, 0x0502,
+	0x0504, 0x0504,
+	0x0506, 0x0506,
+	0x0508, 0x0508,
+	0x050a, 0x050a,
+	0x050c, 0x050c,
+	0x050e, 0x050e,
+	0x0510, 0x0510,
+	0x0512, 0x0512,
+	0x0514, 0x0514,
+	0x0516, 0x0516,
+	0x0518, 0x0518,
+	0x051a, 0x051a,
+	0x051c, 0x051c,
+	0x051e, 0x051e,
+	0x0520, 0x0520,
+	0x0522, 0x0522,
+	0x0524, 0x0524,
+	0x0526, 0x0526,
+	0x0528, 0x0528,
+	0x052a, 0x052a,
+	0x052c, 0x052c,
+	0x052e, 0x052e,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0587, 0x0587,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e00,
+	0x1e02, 0x1e02,
+	0x1e04, 0x1e04,
+	0x1e06, 0x1e06,
+	0x1e08, 0x1e08,
+	0x1e0a, 0x1e0a,
+	0x1e0c, 0x1e0c,
+	0x1e0e, 0x1e0e,
+	0x1e10, 0x1e10,
+	0x1e12, 0x1e12,
+	0x1e14, 0x1e14,
+	0x1e16, 0x1e16,
+	0x1e18, 0x1e18,
+	0x1e1a, 0x1e1a,
+	0x1e1c, 0x1e1c,
+	0x1e1e, 0x1e1e,
+	0x1e20, 0x1e20,
+	0x1e22, 0x1e22,
+	0x1e24, 0x1e24,
+	0x1e26, 0x1e26,
+	0x1e28, 0x1e28,
+	0x1e2a, 0x1e2a,
+	0x1e2c, 0x1e2c,
+	0x1e2e, 0x1e2e,
+	0x1e30, 0x1e30,
+	0x1e32, 0x1e32,
+	0x1e34, 0x1e34,
+	0x1e36, 0x1e36,
+	0x1e38, 0x1e38,
+	0x1e3a, 0x1e3a,
+	0x1e3c, 0x1e3c,
+	0x1e3e, 0x1e3e,
+	0x1e40, 0x1e40,
+	0x1e42, 0x1e42,
+	0x1e44, 0x1e44,
+	0x1e46, 0x1e46,
+	0x1e48, 0x1e48,
+	0x1e4a, 0x1e4a,
+	0x1e4c, 0x1e4c,
+	0x1e4e, 0x1e4e,
+	0x1e50, 0x1e50,
+	0x1e52, 0x1e52,
+	0x1e54, 0x1e54,
+	0x1e56, 0x1e56,
+	0x1e58, 0x1e58,
+	0x1e5a, 0x1e5a,
+	0x1e5c, 0x1e5c,
+	0x1e5e, 0x1e5e,
+	0x1e60, 0x1e60,
+	0x1e62, 0x1e62,
+	0x1e64, 0x1e64,
+	0x1e66, 0x1e66,
+	0x1e68, 0x1e68,
+	0x1e6a, 0x1e6a,
+	0x1e6c, 0x1e6c,
+	0x1e6e, 0x1e6e,
+	0x1e70, 0x1e70,
+	0x1e72, 0x1e72,
+	0x1e74, 0x1e74,
+	0x1e76, 0x1e76,
+	0x1e78, 0x1e78,
+	0x1e7a, 0x1e7a,
+	0x1e7c, 0x1e7c,
+	0x1e7e, 0x1e7e,
+	0x1e80, 0x1e80,
+	0x1e82, 0x1e82,
+	0x1e84, 0x1e84,
+	0x1e86, 0x1e86,
+	0x1e88, 0x1e88,
+	0x1e8a, 0x1e8a,
+	0x1e8c, 0x1e8c,
+	0x1e8e, 0x1e8e,
+	0x1e90, 0x1e90,
+	0x1e92, 0x1e92,
+	0x1e94, 0x1e94,
+	0x1e9a, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ea0,
+	0x1ea2, 0x1ea2,
+	0x1ea4, 0x1ea4,
+	0x1ea6, 0x1ea6,
+	0x1ea8, 0x1ea8,
+	0x1eaa, 0x1eaa,
+	0x1eac, 0x1eac,
+	0x1eae, 0x1eae,
+	0x1eb0, 0x1eb0,
+	0x1eb2, 0x1eb2,
+	0x1eb4, 0x1eb4,
+	0x1eb6, 0x1eb6,
+	0x1eb8, 0x1eb8,
+	0x1eba, 0x1eba,
+	0x1ebc, 0x1ebc,
+	0x1ebe, 0x1ebe,
+	0x1ec0, 0x1ec0,
+	0x1ec2, 0x1ec2,
+	0x1ec4, 0x1ec4,
+	0x1ec6, 0x1ec6,
+	0x1ec8, 0x1ec8,
+	0x1eca, 0x1eca,
+	0x1ecc, 0x1ecc,
+	0x1ece, 0x1ece,
+	0x1ed0, 0x1ed0,
+	0x1ed2, 0x1ed2,
+	0x1ed4, 0x1ed4,
+	0x1ed6, 0x1ed6,
+	0x1ed8, 0x1ed8,
+	0x1eda, 0x1eda,
+	0x1edc, 0x1edc,
+	0x1ede, 0x1ede,
+	0x1ee0, 0x1ee0,
+	0x1ee2, 0x1ee2,
+	0x1ee4, 0x1ee4,
+	0x1ee6, 0x1ee6,
+	0x1ee8, 0x1ee8,
+	0x1eea, 0x1eea,
+	0x1eec, 0x1eec,
+	0x1eee, 0x1eee,
+	0x1ef0, 0x1ef0,
+	0x1ef2, 0x1ef2,
+	0x1ef4, 0x1ef4,
+	0x1ef6, 0x1ef6,
+	0x1ef8, 0x1ef8,
+	0x1efa, 0x1efa,
+	0x1efc, 0x1efc,
+	0x1efe, 0x1efe,
+	0x1f08, 0x1f0f,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f28, 0x1f2f,
+	0x1f38, 0x1f3f,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f5f,
+	0x1f68, 0x1f6f,
+	0x1f80, 0x1faf,
+	0x1fb2, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb7, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc7, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd8, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe8, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff7, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x212a, 0x212b,
+	0x2132, 0x2132,
+	0x2160, 0x216f,
+	0x2183, 0x2183,
+	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2f,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c60,
+	0x2c62, 0x2c64,
+	0x2c67, 0x2c67,
+	0x2c69, 0x2c69,
+	0x2c6b, 0x2c6b,
+	0x2c6d, 0x2c70,
+	0x2c72, 0x2c72,
+	0x2c75, 0x2c75,
+	0x2c7e, 0x2c80,
+	0x2c82, 0x2c82,
+	0x2c84, 0x2c84,
+	0x2c86, 0x2c86,
+	0x2c88, 0x2c88,
+	0x2c8a, 0x2c8a,
+	0x2c8c, 0x2c8c,
+	0x2c8e, 0x2c8e,
+	0x2c90, 0x2c90,
+	0x2c92, 0x2c92,
+	0x2c94, 0x2c94,
+	0x2c96, 0x2c96,
+	0x2c98, 0x2c98,
+	0x2c9a, 0x2c9a,
+	0x2c9c, 0x2c9c,
+	0x2c9e, 0x2c9e,
+	0x2ca0, 0x2ca0,
+	0x2ca2, 0x2ca2,
+	0x2ca4, 0x2ca4,
+	0x2ca6, 0x2ca6,
+	0x2ca8, 0x2ca8,
+	0x2caa, 0x2caa,
+	0x2cac, 0x2cac,
+	0x2cae, 0x2cae,
+	0x2cb0, 0x2cb0,
+	0x2cb2, 0x2cb2,
+	0x2cb4, 0x2cb4,
+	0x2cb6, 0x2cb6,
+	0x2cb8, 0x2cb8,
+	0x2cba, 0x2cba,
+	0x2cbc, 0x2cbc,
+	0x2cbe, 0x2cbe,
+	0x2cc0, 0x2cc0,
+	0x2cc2, 0x2cc2,
+	0x2cc4, 0x2cc4,
+	0x2cc6, 0x2cc6,
+	0x2cc8, 0x2cc8,
+	0x2cca, 0x2cca,
+	0x2ccc, 0x2ccc,
+	0x2cce, 0x2cce,
+	0x2cd0, 0x2cd0,
+	0x2cd2, 0x2cd2,
+	0x2cd4, 0x2cd4,
+	0x2cd6, 0x2cd6,
+	0x2cd8, 0x2cd8,
+	0x2cda, 0x2cda,
+	0x2cdc, 0x2cdc,
+	0x2cde, 0x2cde,
+	0x2ce0, 0x2ce0,
+	0x2ce2, 0x2ce2,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2ceb,
+	0x2ced, 0x2ced,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf2,
+	0xa640, 0xa640,
+	0xa642, 0xa642,
+	0xa644, 0xa644,
+	0xa646, 0xa646,
+	0xa648, 0xa648,
+	0xa64a, 0xa64a,
+	0xa64c, 0xa64c,
+	0xa64e, 0xa64e,
+	0xa650, 0xa650,
+	0xa652, 0xa652,
+	0xa654, 0xa654,
+	0xa656, 0xa656,
+	0xa658, 0xa658,
+	0xa65a, 0xa65a,
+	0xa65c, 0xa65c,
+	0xa65e, 0xa65e,
+	0xa660, 0xa660,
+	0xa662, 0xa662,
+	0xa664, 0xa664,
+	0xa666, 0xa666,
+	0xa668, 0xa668,
+	0xa66a, 0xa66a,
+	0xa66c, 0xa66c,
+	0xa680, 0xa680,
+	0xa682, 0xa682,
+	0xa684, 0xa684,
+	0xa686, 0xa686,
+	0xa688, 0xa688,
+	0xa68a, 0xa68a,
+	0xa68c, 0xa68c,
+	0xa68e, 0xa68e,
+	0xa690, 0xa690,
+	0xa692, 0xa692,
+	0xa694, 0xa694,
+	0xa696, 0xa696,
+	0xa698, 0xa698,
+	0xa69a, 0xa69a,
+	0xa722, 0xa722,
+	0xa724, 0xa724,
+	0xa726, 0xa726,
+	0xa728, 0xa728,
+	0xa72a, 0xa72a,
+	0xa72c, 0xa72c,
+	0xa72e, 0xa72e,
+	0xa732, 0xa732,
+	0xa734, 0xa734,
+	0xa736, 0xa736,
+	0xa738, 0xa738,
+	0xa73a, 0xa73a,
+	0xa73c, 0xa73c,
+	0xa73e, 0xa73e,
+	0xa740, 0xa740,
+	0xa742, 0xa742,
+	0xa744, 0xa744,
+	0xa746, 0xa746,
+	0xa748, 0xa748,
+	0xa74a, 0xa74a,
+	0xa74c, 0xa74c,
+	0xa74e, 0xa74e,
+	0xa750, 0xa750,
+	0xa752, 0xa752,
+	0xa754, 0xa754,
+	0xa756, 0xa756,
+	0xa758, 0xa758,
+	0xa75a, 0xa75a,
+	0xa75c, 0xa75c,
+	0xa75e, 0xa75e,
+	0xa760, 0xa760,
+	0xa762, 0xa762,
+	0xa764, 0xa764,
+	0xa766, 0xa766,
+	0xa768, 0xa768,
+	0xa76a, 0xa76a,
+	0xa76c, 0xa76c,
+	0xa76e, 0xa76e,
+	0xa779, 0xa779,
+	0xa77b, 0xa77b,
+	0xa77d, 0xa77e,
+	0xa780, 0xa780,
+	0xa782, 0xa782,
+	0xa784, 0xa784,
+	0xa786, 0xa786,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78b,
+	0xa78d, 0xa78d,
+	0xa790, 0xa790,
+	0xa792, 0xa792,
+	0xa796, 0xa796,
+	0xa798, 0xa798,
+	0xa79a, 0xa79a,
+	0xa79c, 0xa79c,
+	0xa79e, 0xa79e,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7a0,
+	0xa7a2, 0xa7a2,
+	0xa7a4, 0xa7a4,
+	0xa7a6, 0xa7a6,
+	0xa7a8, 0xa7a8,
+	0xa7aa, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b4,
+	0xa7b6, 0xa7b6,
+	0xa7b8, 0xa7b8,
+	0xa7ba, 0xa7ba,
+	0xa7bc, 0xa7bc,
+	0xa7be, 0xa7be,
+	0xa7c0, 0xa7c0,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7c2,
+	0xa7c4, 0xa7c7,
+	0xa7c9, 0xa7c9,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d0,
+	0xa7d6, 0xa7d6,
+	0xa7d8, 0xa7d8,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa7f5,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0x10400, 0x10427,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118bf,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e5f,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e921,
+}; /* CR_Changes_When_Casefolded */
+
+/* 'Changes_When_Casemapped': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Changes_When_Casemapped[] = {
+	131,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x0137,
+	0x0139, 0x018c,
+	0x018e, 0x019a,
+	0x019c, 0x01a9,
+	0x01ac, 0x01b9,
+	0x01bc, 0x01bd,
+	0x01bf, 0x01bf,
+	0x01c4, 0x0220,
+	0x0222, 0x0233,
+	0x023a, 0x0254,
+	0x0256, 0x0257,
+	0x0259, 0x0259,
+	0x025b, 0x025c,
+	0x0260, 0x0261,
+	0x0263, 0x0263,
+	0x0265, 0x0266,
+	0x0268, 0x026c,
+	0x026f, 0x026f,
+	0x0271, 0x0272,
+	0x0275, 0x0275,
+	0x027d, 0x027d,
+	0x0280, 0x0280,
+	0x0282, 0x0283,
+	0x0287, 0x028c,
+	0x0292, 0x0292,
+	0x029d, 0x029e,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x0370, 0x0373,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03d1,
+	0x03d5, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x03fb,
+	0x03fd, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fd, 0x10ff,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1d79, 0x1d79,
+	0x1d7d, 0x1d7d,
+	0x1d8e, 0x1d8e,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1e9e, 0x1e9e,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x212a, 0x212b,
+	0x2132, 0x2132,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x217f,
+	0x2183, 0x2184,
+	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c70,
+	0x2c72, 0x2c73,
+	0x2c75, 0x2c76,
+	0x2c7e, 0x2ce3,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0xa640, 0xa66d,
+	0xa680, 0xa69b,
+	0xa722, 0xa72f,
+	0xa732, 0xa76f,
+	0xa779, 0xa787,
+	0xa78b, 0xa78d,
+	0xa790, 0xa794,
+	0xa796, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d6, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa7f6,
+	0xab53, 0xab53,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10400, 0x1044f,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+}; /* CR_Changes_When_Casemapped */
+
+/* 'ID_Start': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_ID_Start[] = {
+	659,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0370, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0620, 0x064a,
+	0x066e, 0x066f,
+	0x0671, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
+	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
+	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
+	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x0710,
+	0x0712, 0x072f,
+	0x074d, 0x07a5,
+	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
+	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
+	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x0815,
+	0x081a, 0x081a,
+	0x0824, 0x0824,
+	0x0828, 0x0828,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
+	0x0904, 0x0939,
+	0x093d, 0x093d,
+	0x0950, 0x0950,
+	0x0958, 0x0961,
+	0x0971, 0x0980,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e1,
+	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
+	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
+	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
+	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
+	0x1000, 0x102a,
+	0x103f, 0x103f,
+	0x1050, 0x1055,
+	0x105a, 0x105d,
+	0x1061, 0x1061,
+	0x1065, 0x1066,
+	0x106e, 0x1070,
+	0x1075, 0x1081,
+	0x108e, 0x108e,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1711,
+	0x171f, 0x1731,
+	0x1740, 0x1751,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18a8,
+	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1950, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
+	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
+	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
+	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2118, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309b, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa61f,
+	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66e,
+	0xa67f, 0xa69d,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6ef,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
+	0xa803, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa80a,
+	0xa80c, 0xa822,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
+	0xa90a, 0xa925,
+	0xa930, 0xa946,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
+	0xa9e6, 0xa9ef,
+	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
+	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
+	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
+	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
+	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
+	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf4,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabe2,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
+	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x10375,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
+	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11003, 0x11037,
+	0x11071, 0x11072,
+	0x11075, 0x11075,
+	0x11083, 0x110af,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x11103, 0x11126,
+	0x11144, 0x11144,
+	0x11147, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11183, 0x111b2,
+	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
+	0x111da, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1122b,
+	0x1123f, 0x11240,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112de,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x1135d, 0x11361,
+	0x11400, 0x11434,
+	0x11447, 0x1144a,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114af,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x11580, 0x115ae,
+	0x115d8, 0x115db,
+	0x11600, 0x1162f,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11680, 0x116aa,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1182b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x1192f,
+	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
+	0x11941, 0x11941,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
+	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
+	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
+	0x11f02, 0x11f02,
+	0x11f04, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f33,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
+	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_ID_Start */
+
+/* 'ID_Continue': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_ID_Continue[] = {
+	768,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x005f, 0x005f,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0300, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x0483, 0x0487,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x0620, 0x0669,
+	0x066e, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x0898, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0963,
+	0x0966, 0x096f,
+	0x0971, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x1000, 0x1049,
+	0x1050, 0x109d,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1369, 0x1371,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1734,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17d3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1946, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abd,
+	0x1abf, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x203f, 0x2040,
+	0x2054, 0x2054,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
+	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
+	0x20e5, 0x20f0,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2118, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x302f,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66f,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa67f, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa827,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa92d,
+	0xa930, 0xa953,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9c0,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabea,
+	0xabec, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
+	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f85,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x11046,
+	0x11066, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x1113f,
+	0x11144, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11173,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111c4,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111ce, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1144a,
+	0x11450, 0x11459,
+	0x1145e, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
+	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11640,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11680, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11739,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183a,
+	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11943,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a99,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f42,
+	0x11f50, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13440, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b36,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_ID_Continue */
+
+/* 'XID_Start': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_XID_Start[] = {
+	666,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0370, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0620, 0x064a,
+	0x066e, 0x066f,
+	0x0671, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06d5,
+	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
+	0x06ee, 0x06ef,
+	0x06fa, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x0710,
+	0x0712, 0x072f,
+	0x074d, 0x07a5,
+	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
+	0x07ca, 0x07ea,
+	0x07f4, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x0815,
+	0x081a, 0x081a,
+	0x0824, 0x0824,
+	0x0828, 0x0828,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
+	0x0904, 0x0939,
+	0x093d, 0x093d,
+	0x0950, 0x0950,
+	0x0958, 0x0961,
+	0x0971, 0x0980,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e1,
+	0x09f0, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0abd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c80,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cbd,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d04, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
+	0x0e32, 0x0e32,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e46,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
+	0x0eb2, 0x0eb2,
+	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f40, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
+	0x1000, 0x102a,
+	0x103f, 0x103f,
+	0x1050, 0x1055,
+	0x105a, 0x105d,
+	0x1061, 0x1061,
+	0x1065, 0x1066,
+	0x106e, 0x1070,
+	0x1075, 0x1081,
+	0x108e, 0x108e,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1711,
+	0x171f, 0x1731,
+	0x1740, 0x1751,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dc,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18a8,
+	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1950, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a16,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a54,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1b05, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b45, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b83, 0x1ba0,
+	0x1bae, 0x1baf,
+	0x1bba, 0x1be5,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c23,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
+	0x1c5a, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2118, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa61f,
+	0xa62a, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66e,
+	0xa67f, 0xa69d,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6ef,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
+	0xa803, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa80a,
+	0xa80c, 0xa822,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa882, 0xa8b3,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa8fe,
+	0xa90a, 0xa925,
+	0xa930, 0xa946,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa984, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9e4,
+	0xa9e6, 0xa9ef,
+	0xa9fa, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
+	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaa7a,
+	0xaa7e, 0xaaaf,
+	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
+	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
+	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaea,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf4,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabe2,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
+	0xfb1f, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfc5d,
+	0xfc64, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdf9,
+	0xfe71, 0xfe71,
+	0xfe73, 0xfe73,
+	0xfe77, 0xfe77,
+	0xfe79, 0xfe79,
+	0xfe7b, 0xfe7b,
+	0xfe7d, 0xfe7d,
+	0xfe7f, 0xfefc,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xff9d,
+	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x10375,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a00,
+	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d23,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11003, 0x11037,
+	0x11071, 0x11072,
+	0x11075, 0x11075,
+	0x11083, 0x110af,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x11103, 0x11126,
+	0x11144, 0x11144,
+	0x11147, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11183, 0x111b2,
+	0x111c1, 0x111c4,
+	0x111da, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1122b,
+	0x1123f, 0x11240,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112de,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x1135d, 0x11361,
+	0x11400, 0x11434,
+	0x11447, 0x1144a,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114af,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x11580, 0x115ae,
+	0x115d8, 0x115db,
+	0x11600, 0x1162f,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11680, 0x116aa,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b8,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1182b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118df,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x1192f,
+	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
+	0x11941, 0x11941,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d0,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e3,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
+	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
+	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c2e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d89,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
+	0x11f02, 0x11f02,
+	0x11f04, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f33,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f50,
+	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_XID_Start */
+
+/* 'XID_Continue': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_XID_Continue[] = {
+	775,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x005f, 0x005f,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00b5, 0x00b5,
+	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02c1,
+	0x02c6, 0x02d1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ec,
+	0x02ee, 0x02ee,
+	0x0300, 0x0374,
+	0x0376, 0x0377,
+	0x037b, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0386, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03f5,
+	0x03f7, 0x0481,
+	0x0483, 0x0487,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0560, 0x0588,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f2,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x0620, 0x0669,
+	0x066e, 0x06d3,
+	0x06d5, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06fc,
+	0x06ff, 0x06ff,
+	0x0710, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07f5,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x0887,
+	0x0889, 0x088e,
+	0x0898, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0963,
+	0x0966, 0x096f,
+	0x0971, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09f1,
+	0x09fc, 0x09fc,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b6f,
+	0x0b71, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bef,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d7a, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0e50, 0x0e59,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f00,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f20, 0x0f29,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x1000, 0x1049,
+	0x1050, 0x109d,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1369, 0x1371,
+	0x1380, 0x138f,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1401, 0x166c,
+	0x166f, 0x167f,
+	0x1681, 0x169a,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1734,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17d3,
+	0x17d7, 0x17d7,
+	0x17dc, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1946, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abd,
+	0x1abf, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b59,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c40, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fbc,
+	0x1fbe, 0x1fbe,
+	0x1fc2, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fcc,
+	0x1fd0, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fe0, 0x1fec,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffc,
+	0x203f, 0x2040,
+	0x2054, 0x2054,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
+	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
+	0x20e5, 0x20f0,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2118, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0x2128, 0x2128,
+	0x212a, 0x2139,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x2c00, 0x2ce4,
+	0x2ceb, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x3005, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x302f,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x3038, 0x303c,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fc, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0xa48c,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4fd,
+	0xa500, 0xa60c,
+	0xa610, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66f,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa67f, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa717, 0xa71f,
+	0xa722, 0xa788,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa827,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa840, 0xa873,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8d0, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f7,
+	0xa8fb, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa8fd, 0xa92d,
+	0xa930, 0xa953,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9c0,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa76,
+	0xaa7a, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadd,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf2, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab69,
+	0xab70, 0xabea,
+	0xabec, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb28,
+	0xfb2a, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfc5d,
+	0xfc64, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdf9,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xfe33, 0xfe34,
+	0xfe4d, 0xfe4f,
+	0xfe71, 0xfe71,
+	0xfe73, 0xfe73,
+	0xfe77, 0xfe77,
+	0xfe79, 0xfe79,
+	0xfe7b, 0xfe7b,
+	0xfe7d, 0xfe7d,
+	0xfe7f, 0xfefc,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff3f, 0xff3f,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0xff66, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10140, 0x10174,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031f,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103cf,
+	0x103d1, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10860, 0x10876,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x10900, 0x10915,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7c,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9c,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ac7,
+	0x10ac9, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f1c,
+	0x10f27, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f85,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fc4,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x11046,
+	0x11066, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x1113f,
+	0x11144, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11173,
+	0x11176, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111c4,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111ce, 0x111da,
+	0x111dc, 0x111dc,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a8,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1144a,
+	0x11450, 0x11459,
+	0x1145e, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c5,
+	0x114c7, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115c0,
+	0x115d8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11640,
+	0x11644, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11680, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11739,
+	0x11740, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183a,
+	0x118a0, 0x118e9,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11943,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e1,
+	0x119e3, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a99,
+	0x11a9d, 0x11a9d,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c40,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c59,
+	0x11c72, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f42,
+	0x11f50, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff0,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13440, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b36,
+	0x16b40, 0x16b43,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e7f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14e,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_XID_Continue */
+
+/* 'Default_Ignorable_Code_Point': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point[] = {
+	17,
+	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
+	0x034f, 0x034f,
+	0x061c, 0x061c,
+	0x115f, 0x1160,
+	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
+	0x180b, 0x180f,
+	0x200b, 0x200f,
+	0x202a, 0x202e,
+	0x2060, 0x206f,
+	0x3164, 0x3164,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xffa0, 0xffa0,
+	0xfff0, 0xfff8,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
+	0xe0000, 0xe0fff,
+}; /* CR_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Extend': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Extend[] = {
+	363,
+	0x0300, 0x036f,
+	0x0483, 0x0489,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x064b, 0x065f,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e4,
+	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
+	0x0711, 0x0711,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0816, 0x0819,
+	0x081b, 0x0823,
+	0x0825, 0x0827,
+	0x0829, 0x082d,
+	0x0859, 0x085b,
+	0x0898, 0x089f,
+	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0902,
+	0x093a, 0x093a,
+	0x093c, 0x093c,
+	0x0941, 0x0948,
+	0x094d, 0x094d,
+	0x0951, 0x0957,
+	0x0962, 0x0963,
+	0x0981, 0x0981,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09be,
+	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
+	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
+	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
+	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
+	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
+	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
+	0x0b3e, 0x0b3f,
+	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bbe,
+	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
+	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
+	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
+	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
+	0x0cc2, 0x0cc2,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
+	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d3e,
+	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dcf,
+	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0ddf, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
+	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
+	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
+	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
+	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x102d, 0x1030,
+	0x1032, 0x1037,
+	0x1039, 0x103a,
+	0x103d, 0x103e,
+	0x1058, 0x1059,
+	0x105e, 0x1060,
+	0x1071, 0x1074,
+	0x1082, 0x1082,
+	0x1085, 0x1086,
+	0x108d, 0x108d,
+	0x109d, 0x109d,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1712, 0x1714,
+	0x1732, 0x1733,
+	0x1752, 0x1753,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
+	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
+	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
+	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
+	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x180f,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
+	0x1920, 0x1922,
+	0x1927, 0x1928,
+	0x1932, 0x1932,
+	0x1939, 0x193b,
+	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
+	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
+	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
+	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
+	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
+	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
+	0x1b34, 0x1b3a,
+	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
+	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
+	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
+	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
+	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
+	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
+	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
+	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
+	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
+	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
+	0x200c, 0x200c,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x302a, 0x302f,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0xa66f, 0xa672,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
+	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa802, 0xa802,
+	0xa806, 0xa806,
+	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
+	0xa825, 0xa826,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
+	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa926, 0xa92d,
+	0xa947, 0xa951,
+	0xa980, 0xa982,
+	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
+	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
+	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
+	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
+	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
+	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
+	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
+	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
+	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
+	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
+	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
+	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
+	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
+	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
+	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
+	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
+	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
+	0xabed, 0xabed,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10376, 0x1037a,
+	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
+	0x11001, 0x11001,
+	0x11038, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x11073, 0x11074,
+	0x1107f, 0x11081,
+	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
+	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x11100, 0x11102,
+	0x11127, 0x1112b,
+	0x1112d, 0x11134,
+	0x11173, 0x11173,
+	0x11180, 0x11181,
+	0x111b6, 0x111be,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
+	0x1122f, 0x11231,
+	0x11234, 0x11234,
+	0x11236, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
+	0x11241, 0x11241,
+	0x112df, 0x112df,
+	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
+	0x11300, 0x11301,
+	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
+	0x1133e, 0x1133e,
+	0x11340, 0x11340,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11438, 0x1143f,
+	0x11442, 0x11444,
+	0x11446, 0x11446,
+	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
+	0x114b0, 0x114b0,
+	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
+	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
+	0x114bd, 0x114bd,
+	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
+	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
+	0x115af, 0x115af,
+	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
+	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
+	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
+	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
+	0x11633, 0x1163a,
+	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
+	0x1163f, 0x11640,
+	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
+	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
+	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
+	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
+	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
+	0x11722, 0x11725,
+	0x11727, 0x1172b,
+	0x1182f, 0x11837,
+	0x11839, 0x1183a,
+	0x11930, 0x11930,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
+	0x11943, 0x11943,
+	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119db,
+	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
+	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
+	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
+	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
+	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
+	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
+	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
+	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
+	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
+	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
+	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
+	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f01,
+	0x11f36, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f40, 0x11f40,
+	0x11f42, 0x11f42,
+	0x13440, 0x13440,
+	0x13447, 0x13455,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
+	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d165,
+	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16e, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
+	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
+	0x1e4ec, 0x1e4ef,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Extend */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Base': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Base[] = {
+	875,
+	0x0020, 0x007e,
+	0x00a0, 0x00ac,
+	0x00ae, 0x02ff,
+	0x0370, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0482,
+	0x048a, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x05be, 0x05be,
+	0x05c0, 0x05c0,
+	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
+	0x05c6, 0x05c6,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0606, 0x060f,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061d, 0x064a,
+	0x0660, 0x066f,
+	0x0671, 0x06d5,
+	0x06de, 0x06de,
+	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
+	0x06e9, 0x06e9,
+	0x06ee, 0x070d,
+	0x0710, 0x0710,
+	0x0712, 0x072f,
+	0x074d, 0x07a5,
+	0x07b1, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07ea,
+	0x07f4, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fe, 0x0815,
+	0x081a, 0x081a,
+	0x0824, 0x0824,
+	0x0828, 0x0828,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x0858,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08c9,
+	0x0903, 0x0939,
+	0x093b, 0x093b,
+	0x093d, 0x0940,
+	0x0949, 0x094c,
+	0x094e, 0x0950,
+	0x0958, 0x0961,
+	0x0964, 0x0980,
+	0x0982, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bd, 0x09bd,
+	0x09bf, 0x09c0,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
+	0x09ce, 0x09ce,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e1,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fd,
+	0x0a03, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a40,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a6f,
+	0x0a72, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a76, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a83, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abd, 0x0ac0,
+	0x0ac9, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae1,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b02, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3d, 0x0b3d,
+	0x0b40, 0x0b40,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b83, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbf, 0x0bbf,
+	0x0bc1, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c3d,
+	0x0c41, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c80,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbd, 0x0cbe,
+	0x0cc0, 0x0cc1,
+	0x0cc3, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc7, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccb,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d3d,
+	0x0d3f, 0x0d40,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d56,
+	0x0d58, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dd0, 0x0dd1,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0dde,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e30,
+	0x0e32, 0x0e33,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e46,
+	0x0e4f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0eb0,
+	0x0eb2, 0x0eb3,
+	0x0ebd, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f17,
+	0x0f1a, 0x0f34,
+	0x0f36, 0x0f36,
+	0x0f38, 0x0f38,
+	0x0f3a, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f7f, 0x0f7f,
+	0x0f85, 0x0f85,
+	0x0f88, 0x0f8c,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fc5,
+	0x0fc7, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x102c,
+	0x1031, 0x1031,
+	0x1038, 0x1038,
+	0x103b, 0x103c,
+	0x103f, 0x1057,
+	0x105a, 0x105d,
+	0x1061, 0x1070,
+	0x1075, 0x1081,
+	0x1083, 0x1084,
+	0x1087, 0x108c,
+	0x108e, 0x109c,
+	0x109e, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x1360, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1711,
+	0x1715, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1731,
+	0x1734, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1751,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1780, 0x17b3,
+	0x17b6, 0x17b6,
+	0x17be, 0x17c5,
+	0x17c7, 0x17c8,
+	0x17d4, 0x17dc,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180a,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x1884,
+	0x1887, 0x18a8,
+	0x18aa, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1923, 0x1926,
+	0x1929, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x1931,
+	0x1933, 0x1938,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a16,
+	0x1a19, 0x1a1a,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a55,
+	0x1a57, 0x1a57,
+	0x1a61, 0x1a61,
+	0x1a63, 0x1a64,
+	0x1a6d, 0x1a72,
+	0x1a80, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b04, 0x1b33,
+	0x1b3b, 0x1b3b,
+	0x1b3d, 0x1b41,
+	0x1b43, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b6a,
+	0x1b74, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1b82, 0x1ba1,
+	0x1ba6, 0x1ba7,
+	0x1baa, 0x1baa,
+	0x1bae, 0x1be5,
+	0x1be7, 0x1be7,
+	0x1bea, 0x1bec,
+	0x1bee, 0x1bee,
+	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c2b,
+	0x1c34, 0x1c35,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
+	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf7,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1e00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x200a,
+	0x2010, 0x2027,
+	0x202f, 0x205f,
+	0x2070, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2cee,
+	0x2cf2, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x3029,
+	0x3030, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309b, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa66e,
+	0xa673, 0xa673,
+	0xa67e, 0xa69d,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6ef,
+	0xa6f2, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa801,
+	0xa803, 0xa805,
+	0xa807, 0xa80a,
+	0xa80c, 0xa824,
+	0xa827, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c3,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8f2, 0xa8fe,
+	0xa900, 0xa925,
+	0xa92e, 0xa946,
+	0xa952, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa983, 0xa9b2,
+	0xa9b4, 0xa9b5,
+	0xa9ba, 0xa9bb,
+	0xa9be, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9e4,
+	0xa9e6, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa28,
+	0xaa2f, 0xaa30,
+	0xaa33, 0xaa34,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa42,
+	0xaa44, 0xaa4b,
+	0xaa4d, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa7d, 0xaaaf,
+	0xaab1, 0xaab1,
+	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
+	0xaab9, 0xaabd,
+	0xaac0, 0xaac0,
+	0xaac2, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaeb,
+	0xaaee, 0xaaf5,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabe4,
+	0xabe6, 0xabe7,
+	0xabe9, 0xabec,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb1d,
+	0xfb1f, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdff,
+	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xff01, 0xff9d,
+	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfffc, 0xfffd,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x10375,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a00,
+	0x10a10, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a40, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae4,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d23,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f45,
+	0x10f51, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f81,
+	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x11000,
+	0x11002, 0x11037,
+	0x11047, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x11071, 0x11072,
+	0x11075, 0x11075,
+	0x11082, 0x110b2,
+	0x110b7, 0x110b8,
+	0x110bb, 0x110bc,
+	0x110be, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11103, 0x11126,
+	0x1112c, 0x1112c,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11172,
+	0x11174, 0x11176,
+	0x11182, 0x111b5,
+	0x111bf, 0x111c8,
+	0x111cd, 0x111ce,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1122e,
+	0x11232, 0x11233,
+	0x11235, 0x11235,
+	0x11238, 0x1123d,
+	0x1123f, 0x11240,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112de,
+	0x112e0, 0x112e2,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11302, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133d, 0x1133d,
+	0x1133f, 0x1133f,
+	0x11341, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11400, 0x11437,
+	0x11440, 0x11441,
+	0x11445, 0x11445,
+	0x11447, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
+	0x1145f, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114af,
+	0x114b1, 0x114b2,
+	0x114b9, 0x114b9,
+	0x114bb, 0x114bc,
+	0x114be, 0x114be,
+	0x114c1, 0x114c1,
+	0x114c4, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115ae,
+	0x115b0, 0x115b1,
+	0x115b8, 0x115bb,
+	0x115be, 0x115be,
+	0x115c1, 0x115db,
+	0x11600, 0x11632,
+	0x1163b, 0x1163c,
+	0x1163e, 0x1163e,
+	0x11641, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116aa,
+	0x116ac, 0x116ac,
+	0x116ae, 0x116af,
+	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
+	0x116b8, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x11720, 0x11721,
+	0x11726, 0x11726,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1182e,
+	0x11838, 0x11838,
+	0x1183b, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x1192f,
+	0x11931, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193d, 0x1193d,
+	0x1193f, 0x11942,
+	0x11944, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d3,
+	0x119dc, 0x119df,
+	0x119e1, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a00,
+	0x11a0b, 0x11a32,
+	0x11a39, 0x11a3a,
+	0x11a3f, 0x11a46,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a50,
+	0x11a57, 0x11a58,
+	0x11a5c, 0x11a89,
+	0x11a97, 0x11a97,
+	0x11a9a, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c2f,
+	0x11c3e, 0x11c3e,
+	0x11c40, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11ca9,
+	0x11cb1, 0x11cb1,
+	0x11cb4, 0x11cb4,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d30,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d94,
+	0x11d96, 0x11d96,
+	0x11d98, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef2,
+	0x11ef5, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f02, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f35,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f3f,
+	0x11f41, 0x11f41,
+	0x11f43, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+	0x13441, 0x13446,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b2f,
+	0x16b37, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f93, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe3,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9c,
+	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d164,
+	0x1d166, 0x1d166,
+	0x1d16a, 0x1d16d,
+	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
+	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
+	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d241,
+	0x1d245, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d9ff,
+	0x1da37, 0x1da3a,
+	0x1da6d, 0x1da74,
+	0x1da76, 0x1da83,
+	0x1da85, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e137, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ad,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2eb,
+	0x1e2f0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4eb,
+	0x1e4f0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8cf,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e943,
+	0x1e94b, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Base */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Link': Derived Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Link[] = {
+	56,
+	0x094d, 0x094d,
+	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
+	0x0a4d, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
+	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0c4d, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0ccd, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0e3a, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0eba, 0x0eba,
+	0x0f84, 0x0f84,
+	0x1039, 0x103a,
+	0x1714, 0x1715,
+	0x1734, 0x1734,
+	0x17d2, 0x17d2,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
+	0x1b44, 0x1b44,
+	0x1baa, 0x1bab,
+	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+	0xa806, 0xa806,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa8c4, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa953, 0xa953,
+	0xa9c0, 0xa9c0,
+	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
+	0xabed, 0xabed,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x11046, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x1107f, 0x1107f,
+	0x110b9, 0x110b9,
+	0x11133, 0x11134,
+	0x111c0, 0x111c0,
+	0x11235, 0x11235,
+	0x112ea, 0x112ea,
+	0x1134d, 0x1134d,
+	0x11442, 0x11442,
+	0x114c2, 0x114c2,
+	0x115bf, 0x115bf,
+	0x1163f, 0x1163f,
+	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
+	0x1172b, 0x1172b,
+	0x11839, 0x11839,
+	0x1193d, 0x1193e,
+	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
+	0x11a34, 0x11a34,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a99, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11d44, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
+	0x11f41, 0x11f42,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Link */
+
+/* 'Common': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Common[] = {
+	173,
+	0x0000, 0x0040,
+	0x005b, 0x0060,
+	0x007b, 0x00a9,
+	0x00ab, 0x00b9,
+	0x00bb, 0x00bf,
+	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
+	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
+	0x02b9, 0x02df,
+	0x02e5, 0x02e9,
+	0x02ec, 0x02ff,
+	0x0374, 0x0374,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0385, 0x0385,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x0605, 0x0605,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0640, 0x0640,
+	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
+	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
+	0x0964, 0x0965,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e3f,
+	0x0fd5, 0x0fd8,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
+	0x1735, 0x1736,
+	0x1802, 0x1803,
+	0x1805, 0x1805,
+	0x1cd3, 0x1cd3,
+	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
+	0x1ce9, 0x1cec,
+	0x1cee, 0x1cf3,
+	0x1cf5, 0x1cf7,
+	0x1cfa, 0x1cfa,
+	0x2000, 0x200b,
+	0x200e, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x207e,
+	0x2080, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x2100, 0x2125,
+	0x2127, 0x2129,
+	0x212c, 0x2131,
+	0x2133, 0x214d,
+	0x214f, 0x215f,
+	0x2189, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x27ff,
+	0x2900, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2bff,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x3004,
+	0x3006, 0x3006,
+	0x3008, 0x3020,
+	0x3030, 0x3037,
+	0x303c, 0x303f,
+	0x309b, 0x309c,
+	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
+	0x30fb, 0x30fc,
+	0x3190, 0x319f,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x3220, 0x325f,
+	0x327f, 0x32cf,
+	0x32ff, 0x32ff,
+	0x3358, 0x33ff,
+	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
+	0xa700, 0xa721,
+	0xa788, 0xa78a,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa92e, 0xa92e,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xab5b, 0xab5b,
+	0xab6a, 0xab6b,
+	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfe10, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xff20,
+	0xff3b, 0xff40,
+	0xff5b, 0xff65,
+	0xff70, 0xff70,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xfffd,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1013f,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fc,
+	0x102e1, 0x102fb,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d166,
+	0x1d16a, 0x1d17a,
+	0x1d183, 0x1d184,
+	0x1d18c, 0x1d1a9,
+	0x1d1ae, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
+	0x1f201, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+}; /* CR_Common */
+
+/* 'Latin': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Latin[] = {
+	39,
+	0x0041, 0x005a,
+	0x0061, 0x007a,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x00c0, 0x00d6,
+	0x00d8, 0x00f6,
+	0x00f8, 0x02b8,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x1d00, 0x1d25,
+	0x1d2c, 0x1d5c,
+	0x1d62, 0x1d65,
+	0x1d6b, 0x1d77,
+	0x1d79, 0x1dbe,
+	0x1e00, 0x1eff,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x212a, 0x212b,
+	0x2132, 0x2132,
+	0x214e, 0x214e,
+	0x2160, 0x2188,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c7f,
+	0xa722, 0xa787,
+	0xa78b, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa7ff,
+	0xab30, 0xab5a,
+	0xab5c, 0xab64,
+	0xab66, 0xab69,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xff21, 0xff3a,
+	0xff41, 0xff5a,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+}; /* CR_Latin */
+
+/* 'Greek': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Greek[] = {
+	36,
+	0x0370, 0x0373,
+	0x0375, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037d,
+	0x037f, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x0384,
+	0x0386, 0x0386,
+	0x0388, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03e1,
+	0x03f0, 0x03ff,
+	0x1d26, 0x1d2a,
+	0x1d5d, 0x1d61,
+	0x1d66, 0x1d6a,
+	0x1dbf, 0x1dbf,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2126, 0x2126,
+	0xab65, 0xab65,
+	0x10140, 0x1018e,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+}; /* CR_Greek */
+
+/* 'Cyrillic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cyrillic[] = {
+	10,
+	0x0400, 0x0484,
+	0x0487, 0x052f,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c88,
+	0x1d2b, 0x1d2b,
+	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0xa640, 0xa69f,
+	0xfe2e, 0xfe2f,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+}; /* CR_Cyrillic */
+
+/* 'Armenian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Armenian[] = {
+	4,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+}; /* CR_Armenian */
+
+/* 'Hebrew': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hebrew[] = {
+	9,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfb4f,
+}; /* CR_Hebrew */
+
+/* 'Arabic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Arabic[] = {
+	58,
+	0x0600, 0x0604,
+	0x0606, 0x060b,
+	0x060d, 0x061a,
+	0x061c, 0x061e,
+	0x0620, 0x063f,
+	0x0641, 0x064a,
+	0x0656, 0x066f,
+	0x0671, 0x06dc,
+	0x06de, 0x06ff,
+	0x0750, 0x077f,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x08ff,
+	0xfb50, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3d,
+	0xfd40, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfdcf,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdff,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+}; /* CR_Arabic */
+
+/* 'Syriac': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Syriac[] = {
+	4,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x074f,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+}; /* CR_Syriac */
+
+/* 'Thaana': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Thaana[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0780, 0x07b1,
+}; /* CR_Thaana */
+
+/* 'Devanagari': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Devanagari[] = {
+	5,
+	0x0900, 0x0950,
+	0x0955, 0x0963,
+	0x0966, 0x097f,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8ff,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+}; /* CR_Devanagari */
+
+/* 'Bengali': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bengali[] = {
+	14,
+	0x0980, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+}; /* CR_Bengali */
+
+/* 'Gurmukhi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gurmukhi[] = {
+	16,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+}; /* CR_Gurmukhi */
+
+/* 'Gujarati': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gujarati[] = {
+	14,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+}; /* CR_Gujarati */
+
+/* 'Oriya': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Oriya[] = {
+	14,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+}; /* CR_Oriya */
+
+/* 'Tamil': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tamil[] = {
+	18,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x11fff,
+}; /* CR_Tamil */
+
+/* 'Telugu': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Telugu[] = {
+	13,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c7f,
+}; /* CR_Telugu */
+
+/* 'Kannada': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kannada[] = {
+	13,
+	0x0c80, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+}; /* CR_Kannada */
+
+/* 'Malayalam': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Malayalam[] = {
+	7,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+}; /* CR_Malayalam */
+
+/* 'Sinhala': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sinhala[] = {
+	13,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+}; /* CR_Sinhala */
+
+/* 'Thai': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Thai[] = {
+	2,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e5b,
+}; /* CR_Thai */
+
+/* 'Lao': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lao[] = {
+	11,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+}; /* CR_Lao */
+
+/* 'Tibetan': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tibetan[] = {
+	7,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fd4,
+	0x0fd9, 0x0fda,
+}; /* CR_Tibetan */
+
+/* 'Myanmar': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Myanmar[] = {
+	3,
+	0x1000, 0x109f,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa7f,
+}; /* CR_Myanmar */
+
+/* 'Georgian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Georgian[] = {
+	10,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fa,
+	0x10fc, 0x10ff,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cbf,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+}; /* CR_Georgian */
+
+/* 'Hangul': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hangul[] = {
+	14,
+	0x1100, 0x11ff,
+	0x302e, 0x302f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3200, 0x321e,
+	0x3260, 0x327e,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xffa0, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+}; /* CR_Hangul */
+
+/* 'Ethiopic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ethiopic[] = {
+	36,
+	0x1200, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+}; /* CR_Ethiopic */
+
+/* 'Cherokee': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cherokee[] = {
+	3,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+}; /* CR_Cherokee */
+
+/* 'Canadian_Aboriginal': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Canadian_Aboriginal[] = {
+	3,
+	0x1400, 0x167f,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11abf,
+}; /* CR_Canadian_Aboriginal */
+
+/* 'Ogham': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ogham[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+}; /* CR_Ogham */
+
+/* 'Runic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Runic[] = {
+	2,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ea,
+	0x16ee, 0x16f8,
+}; /* CR_Runic */
+
+/* 'Khmer': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khmer[] = {
+	4,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x19e0, 0x19ff,
+}; /* CR_Khmer */
+
+/* 'Mongolian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mongolian[] = {
+	6,
+	0x1800, 0x1801,
+	0x1804, 0x1804,
+	0x1806, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+}; /* CR_Mongolian */
+
+/* 'Hiragana': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hiragana[] = {
+	6,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x309d, 0x309f,
+	0x1b001, 0x1b11f,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1f200, 0x1f200,
+}; /* CR_Hiragana */
+
+/* 'Katakana': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Katakana[] = {
+	14,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fa,
+	0x30fd, 0x30ff,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3357,
+	0xff66, 0xff6f,
+	0xff71, 0xff9d,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b000,
+	0x1b120, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+}; /* CR_Katakana */
+
+/* 'Bopomofo': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bopomofo[] = {
+	3,
+	0x02ea, 0x02eb,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+}; /* CR_Bopomofo */
+
+/* 'Han': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Han[] = {
+	21,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x3005, 0x3005,
+	0x3007, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3038, 0x303b,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0x16fe2, 0x16fe3,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Han */
+
+/* 'Yi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Yi[] = {
+	2,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+}; /* CR_Yi */
+
+/* 'Old_Italic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Italic[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1032f,
+}; /* CR_Old_Italic */
+
+/* 'Gothic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gothic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+}; /* CR_Gothic */
+
+/* 'Deseret': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Deseret[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10400, 0x1044f,
+}; /* CR_Deseret */
+
+/* 'Inherited': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Inherited[] = {
+	29,
+	0x0300, 0x036f,
+	0x0485, 0x0486,
+	0x064b, 0x0655,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x0951, 0x0954,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
+	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
+	0x200c, 0x200d,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x302a, 0x302d,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2d,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x1133b, 0x1133b,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Inherited */
+
+/* 'Tagalog': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tagalog[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x171f,
+}; /* CR_Tagalog */
+
+/* 'Hanunoo': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hanunoo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1720, 0x1734,
+}; /* CR_Hanunoo */
+
+/* 'Buhid': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Buhid[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+}; /* CR_Buhid */
+
+/* 'Tagbanwa': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tagbanwa[] = {
+	3,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+}; /* CR_Tagbanwa */
+
+/* 'Limbu': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Limbu[] = {
+	5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x194f,
+}; /* CR_Limbu */
+
+/* 'Tai_Le': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tai_Le[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1950, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+}; /* CR_Tai_Le */
+
+/* 'Linear_B': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Linear_B[] = {
+	7,
+	0x10000, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+}; /* CR_Linear_B */
+
+/* 'Ugaritic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ugaritic[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
+}; /* CR_Ugaritic */
+
+/* 'Shavian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Shavian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10450, 0x1047f,
+}; /* CR_Shavian */
+
+/* 'Osmanya': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Osmanya[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10480, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+}; /* CR_Osmanya */
+
+/* 'Cypriot': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cypriot[] = {
+	6,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
+}; /* CR_Cypriot */
+
+/* 'Braille': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Braille[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2800, 0x28ff,
+}; /* CR_Braille */
+
+/* 'Buginese': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Buginese[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+}; /* CR_Buginese */
+
+/* 'Coptic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Coptic[] = {
+	3,
+	0x03e2, 0x03ef,
+	0x2c80, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2cff,
+}; /* CR_Coptic */
+
+/* 'New_Tai_Lue': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_New_Tai_Lue[] = {
+	4,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x19df,
+}; /* CR_New_Tai_Lue */
+
+/* 'Glagolitic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Glagolitic[] = {
+	6,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c5f,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+}; /* CR_Glagolitic */
+
+/* 'Tifinagh': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tifinagh[] = {
+	3,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+}; /* CR_Tifinagh */
+
+/* 'Syloti_Nagri': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Syloti_Nagri[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa800, 0xa82c,
+}; /* CR_Syloti_Nagri */
+
+/* 'Old_Persian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Persian[] = {
+	2,
+	0x103a0, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+}; /* CR_Old_Persian */
+
+/* 'Kharoshthi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kharoshthi[] = {
+	8,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+}; /* CR_Kharoshthi */
+
+/* 'Balinese': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Balinese[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
+}; /* CR_Balinese */
+
+/* 'Cuneiform': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cuneiform[] = {
+	4,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+}; /* CR_Cuneiform */
+
+/* 'Phoenician': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Phoenician[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
+}; /* CR_Phoenician */
+
+/* 'Phags_Pa': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Phags_Pa[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+}; /* CR_Phags_Pa */
+
+/* 'Nko': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nko[] = {
+	2,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x07ff,
+}; /* CR_Nko */
+
+/* 'Sundanese': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sundanese[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bbf,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+}; /* CR_Sundanese */
+
+/* 'Lepcha': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lepcha[] = {
+	3,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c4f,
+}; /* CR_Lepcha */
+
+/* 'Ol_Chiki': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ol_Chiki[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1c50, 0x1c7f,
+}; /* CR_Ol_Chiki */
+
+/* 'Vai': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Vai[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa500, 0xa62b,
+}; /* CR_Vai */
+
+/* 'Saurashtra': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Saurashtra[] = {
+	2,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+}; /* CR_Saurashtra */
+
+/* 'Kayah_Li': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kayah_Li[] = {
+	2,
+	0xa900, 0xa92d,
+	0xa92f, 0xa92f,
+}; /* CR_Kayah_Li */
+
+/* 'Rejang': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Rejang[] = {
+	2,
+	0xa930, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
+}; /* CR_Rejang */
+
+/* 'Lycian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lycian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+}; /* CR_Lycian */
+
+/* 'Carian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Carian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+}; /* CR_Carian */
+
+/* 'Lydian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lydian[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10920, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+}; /* CR_Lydian */
+
+/* 'Cham': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cham[] = {
+	4,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
+}; /* CR_Cham */
+
+/* 'Tai_Tham': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tai_Tham[] = {
+	5,
+	0x1a20, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+}; /* CR_Tai_Tham */
+
+/* 'Tai_Viet': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tai_Viet[] = {
+	2,
+	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadf,
+}; /* CR_Tai_Viet */
+
+/* 'Avestan': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Avestan[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b3f,
+}; /* CR_Avestan */
+
+/* 'Egyptian_Hieroglyphs': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x13000, 0x13455,
+}; /* CR_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs */
+
+/* 'Samaritan': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Samaritan[] = {
+	2,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+}; /* CR_Samaritan */
+
+/* 'Lisu': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Lisu[] = {
+	2,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4ff,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+}; /* CR_Lisu */
+
+/* 'Bamum': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bamum[] = {
+	2,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6f7,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+}; /* CR_Bamum */
+
+/* 'Javanese': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Javanese[] = {
+	3,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9d0, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+}; /* CR_Javanese */
+
+/* 'Meetei_Mayek': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Meetei_Mayek[] = {
+	3,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaf6,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+}; /* CR_Meetei_Mayek */
+
+/* 'Imperial_Aramaic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Imperial_Aramaic[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10840, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1085f,
+}; /* CR_Imperial_Aramaic */
+
+/* 'Old_South_Arabian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_South_Arabian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
+}; /* CR_Old_South_Arabian */
+
+/* 'Inscriptional_Parthian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Inscriptional_Parthian[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b5f,
+}; /* CR_Inscriptional_Parthian */
+
+/* 'Inscriptional_Pahlavi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Inscriptional_Pahlavi[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+}; /* CR_Inscriptional_Pahlavi */
+
+/* 'Old_Turkic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Turkic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+}; /* CR_Old_Turkic */
+
+/* 'Kaithi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kaithi[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11080, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+}; /* CR_Kaithi */
+
+/* 'Batak': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Batak[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1bc0, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1bff,
+}; /* CR_Batak */
+
+/* 'Brahmi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Brahmi[] = {
+	3,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x1107f,
+}; /* CR_Brahmi */
+
+/* 'Mandaic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mandaic[] = {
+	2,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+}; /* CR_Mandaic */
+
+/* 'Chakma': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Chakma[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+}; /* CR_Chakma */
+
+/* 'Meroitic_Cursive': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Meroitic_Cursive[] = {
+	3,
+	0x109a0, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x109ff,
+}; /* CR_Meroitic_Cursive */
+
+/* 'Meroitic_Hieroglyphs': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10980, 0x1099f,
+}; /* CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs */
+
+/* 'Miao': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Miao[] = {
+	3,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+}; /* CR_Miao */
+
+/* 'Sharada': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sharada[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+}; /* CR_Sharada */
+
+/* 'Sora_Sompeng': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sora_Sompeng[] = {
+	2,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+}; /* CR_Sora_Sompeng */
+
+/* 'Takri': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Takri[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11680, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+}; /* CR_Takri */
+
+/* 'Caucasian_Albanian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Caucasian_Albanian[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+}; /* CR_Caucasian_Albanian */
+
+/* 'Bassa_Vah': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bassa_Vah[] = {
+	2,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+}; /* CR_Bassa_Vah */
+
+/* 'Duployan': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Duployan[] = {
+	5,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bc9f,
+}; /* CR_Duployan */
+
+/* 'Elbasan': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Elbasan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+}; /* CR_Elbasan */
+
+/* 'Grantha': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grantha[] = {
+	15,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133c, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+}; /* CR_Grantha */
+
+/* 'Pahawh_Hmong': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pahawh_Hmong[] = {
+	5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+}; /* CR_Pahawh_Hmong */
+
+/* 'Khojki': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khojki[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11241,
+}; /* CR_Khojki */
+
+/* 'Linear_A': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Linear_A[] = {
+	3,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+}; /* CR_Linear_A */
+
+/* 'Mahajani': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mahajani[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+}; /* CR_Mahajani */
+
+/* 'Manichaean': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Manichaean[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+}; /* CR_Manichaean */
+
+/* 'Mende_Kikakui': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mende_Kikakui[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+}; /* CR_Mende_Kikakui */
+
+/* 'Modi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Modi[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+}; /* CR_Modi */
+
+/* 'Mro': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Mro[] = {
+	3,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+}; /* CR_Mro */
+
+/* 'Old_North_Arabian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_North_Arabian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10a80, 0x10a9f,
+}; /* CR_Old_North_Arabian */
+
+/* 'Nabataean': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nabataean[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10880, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+}; /* CR_Nabataean */
+
+/* 'Palmyrene': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Palmyrene[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10860, 0x1087f,
+}; /* CR_Palmyrene */
+
+/* 'Pau_Cin_Hau': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pau_Cin_Hau[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+}; /* CR_Pau_Cin_Hau */
+
+/* 'Old_Permic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Permic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+}; /* CR_Old_Permic */
+
+/* 'Psalter_Pahlavi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Psalter_Pahlavi[] = {
+	3,
+	0x10b80, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+}; /* CR_Psalter_Pahlavi */
+
+/* 'Siddham': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Siddham[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+}; /* CR_Siddham */
+
+/* 'Khudawadi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khudawadi[] = {
+	2,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+}; /* CR_Khudawadi */
+
+/* 'Tirhuta': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tirhuta[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+}; /* CR_Tirhuta */
+
+/* 'Warang_Citi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Warang_Citi[] = {
+	2,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+}; /* CR_Warang_Citi */
+
+/* 'Ahom': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ahom[] = {
+	3,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+}; /* CR_Ahom */
+
+/* 'Anatolian_Hieroglyphs': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+}; /* CR_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs */
+
+/* 'Hatran': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hatran[] = {
+	3,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x108ff,
+}; /* CR_Hatran */
+
+/* 'Multani': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Multani[] = {
+	5,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+}; /* CR_Multani */
+
+/* 'Old_Hungarian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Hungarian[] = {
+	3,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
+}; /* CR_Old_Hungarian */
+
+/* 'SignWriting': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_SignWriting[] = {
+	3,
+	0x1d800, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+}; /* CR_SignWriting */
+
+/* 'Adlam': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Adlam[] = {
+	3,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+}; /* CR_Adlam */
+
+/* 'Bhaiksuki': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bhaiksuki[] = {
+	4,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+}; /* CR_Bhaiksuki */
+
+/* 'Marchen': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Marchen[] = {
+	3,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+}; /* CR_Marchen */
+
+/* 'Newa': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Newa[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+}; /* CR_Newa */
+
+/* 'Osage': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Osage[] = {
+	2,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+}; /* CR_Osage */
+
+/* 'Tangut': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tangut[] = {
+	4,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe0,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18aff,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+}; /* CR_Tangut */
+
+/* 'Masaram_Gondi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Masaram_Gondi[] = {
+	7,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+}; /* CR_Masaram_Gondi */
+
+/* 'Nushu': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nushu[] = {
+	2,
+	0x16fe1, 0x16fe1,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+}; /* CR_Nushu */
+
+/* 'Soyombo': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Soyombo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+}; /* CR_Soyombo */
+
+/* 'Zanabazar_Square': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Zanabazar_Square[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+}; /* CR_Zanabazar_Square */
+
+/* 'Dogra': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Dogra[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+}; /* CR_Dogra */
+
+/* 'Gunjala_Gondi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Gunjala_Gondi[] = {
+	6,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+}; /* CR_Gunjala_Gondi */
+
+/* 'Makasar': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Makasar[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+}; /* CR_Makasar */
+
+/* 'Medefaidrin': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Medefaidrin[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+}; /* CR_Medefaidrin */
+
+/* 'Hanifi_Rohingya': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hanifi_Rohingya[] = {
+	2,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+}; /* CR_Hanifi_Rohingya */
+
+/* 'Sogdian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sogdian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+}; /* CR_Sogdian */
+
+/* 'Old_Sogdian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Sogdian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+}; /* CR_Old_Sogdian */
+
+/* 'Elymaic': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Elymaic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+}; /* CR_Elymaic */
+
+/* 'Nandinagari': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nandinagari[] = {
+	3,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+}; /* CR_Nandinagari */
+
+/* 'Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong[] = {
+	4,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+}; /* CR_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong */
+
+/* 'Wancho': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Wancho[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+}; /* CR_Wancho */
+
+/* 'Chorasmian': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Chorasmian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+}; /* CR_Chorasmian */
+
+/* 'Dives_Akuru': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Dives_Akuru[] = {
+	8,
+	0x11900, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+}; /* CR_Dives_Akuru */
+
+/* 'Khitan_Small_Script': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Khitan_Small_Script[] = {
+	2,
+	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
+	0x18b00, 0x18cd5,
+}; /* CR_Khitan_Small_Script */
+
+/* 'Yezidi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Yezidi[] = {
+	3,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+}; /* CR_Yezidi */
+
+/* 'Cypro_Minoan': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Cypro_Minoan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+}; /* CR_Cypro_Minoan */
+
+/* 'Old_Uyghur': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Old_Uyghur[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
+}; /* CR_Old_Uyghur */
+
+/* 'Tangsa': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Tangsa[] = {
+	2,
+	0x16a70, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+}; /* CR_Tangsa */
+
+/* 'Toto': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Toto[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+}; /* CR_Toto */
+
+/* 'Vithkuqi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Vithkuqi[] = {
+	8,
+	0x10570, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+}; /* CR_Vithkuqi */
+
+/* 'Kawi': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Kawi[] = {
+	3,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f59,
+}; /* CR_Kawi */
+
+/* 'Nag_Mundari': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Nag_Mundari[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+}; /* CR_Nag_Mundari */
+
+/* 'White_Space': Binary Property */
+#define CR_White_Space CR_Space
+
+/* 'Bidi_Control': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Bidi_Control[] = {
+	4,
+	0x061c, 0x061c,
+	0x200e, 0x200f,
+	0x202a, 0x202e,
+	0x2066, 0x2069,
+}; /* CR_Bidi_Control */
+
+/* 'Join_Control': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Join_Control[] = {
+	1,
+	0x200c, 0x200d,
+}; /* CR_Join_Control */
+
+/* 'Dash': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Dash[] = {
+	23,
+	0x002d, 0x002d,
+	0x058a, 0x058a,
+	0x05be, 0x05be,
+	0x1400, 0x1400,
+	0x1806, 0x1806,
+	0x2010, 0x2015,
+	0x2053, 0x2053,
+	0x207b, 0x207b,
+	0x208b, 0x208b,
+	0x2212, 0x2212,
+	0x2e17, 0x2e17,
+	0x2e1a, 0x2e1a,
+	0x2e3a, 0x2e3b,
+	0x2e40, 0x2e40,
+	0x2e5d, 0x2e5d,
+	0x301c, 0x301c,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0x30a0, 0x30a0,
+	0xfe31, 0xfe32,
+	0xfe58, 0xfe58,
+	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
+	0xff0d, 0xff0d,
+	0x10ead, 0x10ead,
+}; /* CR_Dash */
+
+/* 'Hyphen': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hyphen[] = {
+	10,
+	0x002d, 0x002d,
+	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
+	0x058a, 0x058a,
+	0x1806, 0x1806,
+	0x2010, 0x2011,
+	0x2e17, 0x2e17,
+	0x30fb, 0x30fb,
+	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
+	0xff0d, 0xff0d,
+	0xff65, 0xff65,
+}; /* CR_Hyphen */
+
+/* 'Quotation_Mark': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Quotation_Mark[] = {
+	13,
+	0x0022, 0x0022,
+	0x0027, 0x0027,
+	0x00ab, 0x00ab,
+	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
+	0x2018, 0x201f,
+	0x2039, 0x203a,
+	0x2e42, 0x2e42,
+	0x300c, 0x300f,
+	0x301d, 0x301f,
+	0xfe41, 0xfe44,
+	0xff02, 0xff02,
+	0xff07, 0xff07,
+	0xff62, 0xff63,
+}; /* CR_Quotation_Mark */
+
+/* 'Terminal_Punctuation': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Terminal_Punctuation[] = {
+	108,
+	0x0021, 0x0021,
+	0x002c, 0x002c,
+	0x002e, 0x002e,
+	0x003a, 0x003b,
+	0x003f, 0x003f,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x0589, 0x0589,
+	0x05c3, 0x05c3,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061d, 0x061f,
+	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
+	0x0700, 0x070a,
+	0x070c, 0x070c,
+	0x07f8, 0x07f9,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0964, 0x0965,
+	0x0e5a, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0f08, 0x0f08,
+	0x0f0d, 0x0f12,
+	0x104a, 0x104b,
+	0x1361, 0x1368,
+	0x166e, 0x166e,
+	0x16eb, 0x16ed,
+	0x1735, 0x1736,
+	0x17d4, 0x17d6,
+	0x17da, 0x17da,
+	0x1802, 0x1805,
+	0x1808, 0x1809,
+	0x1944, 0x1945,
+	0x1aa8, 0x1aab,
+	0x1b5a, 0x1b5b,
+	0x1b5d, 0x1b5f,
+	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c3f,
+	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
+	0x203c, 0x203d,
+	0x2047, 0x2049,
+	0x2e2e, 0x2e2e,
+	0x2e3c, 0x2e3c,
+	0x2e41, 0x2e41,
+	0x2e4c, 0x2e4c,
+	0x2e4e, 0x2e4f,
+	0x2e53, 0x2e54,
+	0x3001, 0x3002,
+	0xa4fe, 0xa4ff,
+	0xa60d, 0xa60f,
+	0xa6f3, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa876, 0xa877,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
+	0xa92f, 0xa92f,
+	0xa9c7, 0xa9c9,
+	0xaa5d, 0xaa5f,
+	0xaadf, 0xaadf,
+	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
+	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
+	0xfe50, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe57,
+	0xff01, 0xff01,
+	0xff0c, 0xff0c,
+	0xff0e, 0xff0e,
+	0xff1a, 0xff1b,
+	0xff1f, 0xff1f,
+	0xff61, 0xff61,
+	0xff64, 0xff64,
+	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
+	0x103d0, 0x103d0,
+	0x10857, 0x10857,
+	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
+	0x10a56, 0x10a57,
+	0x10af0, 0x10af5,
+	0x10b3a, 0x10b3f,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
+	0x11047, 0x1104d,
+	0x110be, 0x110c1,
+	0x11141, 0x11143,
+	0x111c5, 0x111c6,
+	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
+	0x111de, 0x111df,
+	0x11238, 0x1123c,
+	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
+	0x1144b, 0x1144d,
+	0x1145a, 0x1145b,
+	0x115c2, 0x115c5,
+	0x115c9, 0x115d7,
+	0x11641, 0x11642,
+	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
+	0x11944, 0x11944,
+	0x11946, 0x11946,
+	0x11a42, 0x11a43,
+	0x11a9b, 0x11a9c,
+	0x11aa1, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11c41, 0x11c43,
+	0x11c71, 0x11c71,
+	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f43, 0x11f44,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b37, 0x16b39,
+	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
+	0x16e97, 0x16e98,
+	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
+	0x1da87, 0x1da8a,
+}; /* CR_Terminal_Punctuation */
+
+/* 'Other_Math': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Math[] = {
+	134,
+	0x005e, 0x005e,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d2,
+	0x03d5, 0x03d5,
+	0x03f0, 0x03f1,
+	0x03f4, 0x03f5,
+	0x2016, 0x2016,
+	0x2032, 0x2034,
+	0x2040, 0x2040,
+	0x2061, 0x2064,
+	0x207d, 0x207e,
+	0x208d, 0x208e,
+	0x20d0, 0x20dc,
+	0x20e1, 0x20e1,
+	0x20e5, 0x20e6,
+	0x20eb, 0x20ef,
+	0x2102, 0x2102,
+	0x2107, 0x2107,
+	0x210a, 0x2113,
+	0x2115, 0x2115,
+	0x2119, 0x211d,
+	0x2124, 0x2124,
+	0x2128, 0x2129,
+	0x212c, 0x212d,
+	0x212f, 0x2131,
+	0x2133, 0x2138,
+	0x213c, 0x213f,
+	0x2145, 0x2149,
+	0x2195, 0x2199,
+	0x219c, 0x219f,
+	0x21a1, 0x21a2,
+	0x21a4, 0x21a5,
+	0x21a7, 0x21a7,
+	0x21a9, 0x21ad,
+	0x21b0, 0x21b1,
+	0x21b6, 0x21b7,
+	0x21bc, 0x21cd,
+	0x21d0, 0x21d1,
+	0x21d3, 0x21d3,
+	0x21d5, 0x21db,
+	0x21dd, 0x21dd,
+	0x21e4, 0x21e5,
+	0x2308, 0x230b,
+	0x23b4, 0x23b5,
+	0x23b7, 0x23b7,
+	0x23d0, 0x23d0,
+	0x23e2, 0x23e2,
+	0x25a0, 0x25a1,
+	0x25ae, 0x25b6,
+	0x25bc, 0x25c0,
+	0x25c6, 0x25c7,
+	0x25ca, 0x25cb,
+	0x25cf, 0x25d3,
+	0x25e2, 0x25e2,
+	0x25e4, 0x25e4,
+	0x25e7, 0x25ec,
+	0x2605, 0x2606,
+	0x2640, 0x2640,
+	0x2642, 0x2642,
+	0x2660, 0x2663,
+	0x266d, 0x266e,
+	0x27c5, 0x27c6,
+	0x27e6, 0x27ef,
+	0x2983, 0x2998,
+	0x29d8, 0x29db,
+	0x29fc, 0x29fd,
+	0xfe61, 0xfe61,
+	0xfe63, 0xfe63,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe68,
+	0xff3c, 0xff3c,
+	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d6c0,
+	0x1d6c2, 0x1d6da,
+	0x1d6dc, 0x1d6fa,
+	0x1d6fc, 0x1d714,
+	0x1d716, 0x1d734,
+	0x1d736, 0x1d74e,
+	0x1d750, 0x1d76e,
+	0x1d770, 0x1d788,
+	0x1d78a, 0x1d7a8,
+	0x1d7aa, 0x1d7c2,
+	0x1d7c4, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+}; /* CR_Other_Math */
+
+/* 'Hex_Digit': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Hex_Digit[] = {
+	6,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x0041, 0x0046,
+	0x0061, 0x0066,
+	0xff10, 0xff19,
+	0xff21, 0xff26,
+	0xff41, 0xff46,
+}; /* CR_Hex_Digit */
+
+/* 'ASCII_Hex_Digit': Binary Property */
+#define CR_ASCII_Hex_Digit CR_XDigit
+
+/* 'Other_Alphabetic': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Alphabetic[] = {
+	240,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x05b0, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x064b, 0x0657,
+	0x0659, 0x065f,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
+	0x06e1, 0x06e4,
+	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ed, 0x06ed,
+	0x0711, 0x0711,
+	0x0730, 0x073f,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x0816, 0x0817,
+	0x081b, 0x0823,
+	0x0825, 0x0827,
+	0x0829, 0x082c,
+	0x08d4, 0x08df,
+	0x08e3, 0x08e9,
+	0x08f0, 0x0903,
+	0x093a, 0x093b,
+	0x093e, 0x094c,
+	0x094e, 0x094f,
+	0x0955, 0x0957,
+	0x0962, 0x0963,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4c,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
+	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0abe, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
+	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0afa, 0x0afc,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b3e, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c04,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4c,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccc,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0cf3, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
+	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e4d, 0x0e4d,
+	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
+	0x0eb4, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebc,
+	0x0ecd, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f83,
+	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x102b, 0x1036,
+	0x1038, 0x1038,
+	0x103b, 0x103e,
+	0x1056, 0x1059,
+	0x105e, 0x1060,
+	0x1062, 0x1064,
+	0x1067, 0x106d,
+	0x1071, 0x1074,
+	0x1082, 0x108d,
+	0x108f, 0x108f,
+	0x109a, 0x109d,
+	0x1712, 0x1713,
+	0x1732, 0x1733,
+	0x1752, 0x1753,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x17b6, 0x17c8,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x1938,
+	0x1a17, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a55, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a61, 0x1a74,
+	0x1abf, 0x1ac0,
+	0x1acc, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b04,
+	0x1b35, 0x1b43,
+	0x1b80, 0x1b82,
+	0x1ba1, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bac, 0x1bad,
+	0x1be7, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c24, 0x1c36,
+	0x1de7, 0x1df4,
+	0x24b6, 0x24e9,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0xa674, 0xa67b,
+	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
+	0xa802, 0xa802,
+	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
+	0xa823, 0xa827,
+	0xa880, 0xa881,
+	0xa8b4, 0xa8c3,
+	0xa8c5, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa926, 0xa92a,
+	0xa947, 0xa952,
+	0xa980, 0xa983,
+	0xa9b4, 0xa9bf,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
+	0xaa29, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
+	0xaa4c, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa7b, 0xaa7d,
+	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
+	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
+	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
+	0xaabe, 0xaabe,
+	0xaaeb, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf5, 0xaaf5,
+	0xabe3, 0xabea,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0x10376, 0x1037a,
+	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
+	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x11000, 0x11002,
+	0x11038, 0x11045,
+	0x11073, 0x11074,
+	0x11080, 0x11082,
+	0x110b0, 0x110b8,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x11100, 0x11102,
+	0x11127, 0x11132,
+	0x11145, 0x11146,
+	0x11180, 0x11182,
+	0x111b3, 0x111bf,
+	0x111ce, 0x111cf,
+	0x1122c, 0x11234,
+	0x11237, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
+	0x11241, 0x11241,
+	0x112df, 0x112e8,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x1133e, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134c,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x11362, 0x11363,
+	0x11435, 0x11441,
+	0x11443, 0x11445,
+	0x114b0, 0x114c1,
+	0x115af, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115be,
+	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
+	0x11630, 0x1163e,
+	0x11640, 0x11640,
+	0x116ab, 0x116b5,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172a,
+	0x1182c, 0x11838,
+	0x11930, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x11940, 0x11940,
+	0x11942, 0x11942,
+	0x119d1, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119df,
+	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
+	0x11a35, 0x11a39,
+	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a51, 0x11a5b,
+	0x11a8a, 0x11a97,
+	0x11c2f, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3e,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d41,
+	0x11d43, 0x11d43,
+	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d96,
+	0x11ef3, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f01,
+	0x11f03, 0x11f03,
+	0x11f34, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f40,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
+	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x1bc9e, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e947, 0x1e947,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+}; /* CR_Other_Alphabetic */
+
+/* 'Ideographic': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Ideographic[] = {
+	20,
+	0x3006, 0x3007,
+	0x3021, 0x3029,
+	0x3038, 0x303a,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
+	0xf900, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Ideographic */
+
+/* 'Diacritic': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Diacritic[] = {
+	195,
+	0x005e, 0x005e,
+	0x0060, 0x0060,
+	0x00a8, 0x00a8,
+	0x00af, 0x00af,
+	0x00b4, 0x00b4,
+	0x00b7, 0x00b8,
+	0x02b0, 0x034e,
+	0x0350, 0x0357,
+	0x035d, 0x0362,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x0384, 0x0385,
+	0x0483, 0x0487,
+	0x0559, 0x0559,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c4,
+	0x064b, 0x0652,
+	0x0657, 0x0658,
+	0x06df, 0x06e0,
+	0x06e5, 0x06e6,
+	0x06ea, 0x06ec,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x07eb, 0x07f5,
+	0x0818, 0x0819,
+	0x0898, 0x089f,
+	0x08c9, 0x08d2,
+	0x08e3, 0x08fe,
+	0x093c, 0x093c,
+	0x094d, 0x094d,
+	0x0951, 0x0954,
+	0x0971, 0x0971,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a4d, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
+	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
+	0x0afd, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
+	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b55,
+	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
+	0x0c4d, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
+	0x0ccd, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0e47, 0x0e4c,
+	0x0e4e, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0eba, 0x0eba,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecc,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
+	0x0f82, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x1037, 0x1037,
+	0x1039, 0x103a,
+	0x1063, 0x1064,
+	0x1069, 0x106d,
+	0x1087, 0x108d,
+	0x108f, 0x108f,
+	0x109a, 0x109b,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1714, 0x1715,
+	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
+	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
+	0x1939, 0x193b,
+	0x1a75, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1ac1, 0x1acb,
+	0x1b34, 0x1b34,
+	0x1b44, 0x1b44,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1baa, 0x1bab,
+	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c78, 0x1c7d,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf7, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
+	0x1dc4, 0x1dcf,
+	0x1df5, 0x1dff,
+	0x1fbd, 0x1fbd,
+	0x1fbf, 0x1fc1,
+	0x1fcd, 0x1fcf,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fdf,
+	0x1fed, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ffd, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2e2f, 0x2e2f,
+	0x302a, 0x302f,
+	0x3099, 0x309c,
+	0x30fc, 0x30fc,
+	0xa66f, 0xa66f,
+	0xa67c, 0xa67d,
+	0xa67f, 0xa67f,
+	0xa69c, 0xa69d,
+	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa700, 0xa721,
+	0xa788, 0xa78a,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
+	0xa8c4, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
+	0xa92b, 0xa92e,
+	0xa953, 0xa953,
+	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
+	0xa9c0, 0xa9c0,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
+	0xaa7b, 0xaa7d,
+	0xaabf, 0xaac2,
+	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab5b, 0xab5f,
+	0xab69, 0xab6b,
+	0xabec, 0xabed,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xff3e, 0xff3e,
+	0xff40, 0xff40,
+	0xff70, 0xff70,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0xffe3, 0xffe3,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10d22, 0x10d27,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
+	0x11046, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
+	0x11133, 0x11134,
+	0x11173, 0x11173,
+	0x111c0, 0x111c0,
+	0x111ca, 0x111cc,
+	0x11235, 0x11236,
+	0x112e9, 0x112ea,
+	0x1133c, 0x1133c,
+	0x1134d, 0x1134d,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11442, 0x11442,
+	0x11446, 0x11446,
+	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
+	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
+	0x1163f, 0x1163f,
+	0x116b6, 0x116b7,
+	0x1172b, 0x1172b,
+	0x11839, 0x1183a,
+	0x1193d, 0x1193e,
+	0x11943, 0x11943,
+	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
+	0x11a34, 0x11a34,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a99, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11d42, 0x11d42,
+	0x11d44, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
+	0x13447, 0x13455,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
+	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e946,
+	0x1e948, 0x1e94a,
+}; /* CR_Diacritic */
+
+/* 'Extender': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Extender[] = {
+	33,
+	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
+	0x02d0, 0x02d1,
+	0x0640, 0x0640,
+	0x07fa, 0x07fa,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b55,
+	0x0e46, 0x0e46,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x180a, 0x180a,
+	0x1843, 0x1843,
+	0x1aa7, 0x1aa7,
+	0x1c36, 0x1c36,
+	0x1c7b, 0x1c7b,
+	0x3005, 0x3005,
+	0x3031, 0x3035,
+	0x309d, 0x309e,
+	0x30fc, 0x30fe,
+	0xa015, 0xa015,
+	0xa60c, 0xa60c,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9cf,
+	0xa9e6, 0xa9e6,
+	0xaa70, 0xaa70,
+	0xaadd, 0xaadd,
+	0xaaf3, 0xaaf4,
+	0xff70, 0xff70,
+	0x10781, 0x10782,
+	0x1135d, 0x1135d,
+	0x115c6, 0x115c8,
+	0x11a98, 0x11a98,
+	0x16b42, 0x16b43,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x16fe3, 0x16fe3,
+	0x1e13c, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e946,
+}; /* CR_Extender */
+
+/* 'Other_Lowercase': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Lowercase[] = {
+	28,
+	0x00aa, 0x00aa,
+	0x00ba, 0x00ba,
+	0x02b0, 0x02b8,
+	0x02c0, 0x02c1,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e4,
+	0x0345, 0x0345,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x10fc, 0x10fc,
+	0x1d2c, 0x1d6a,
+	0x1d78, 0x1d78,
+	0x1d9b, 0x1dbf,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x207f, 0x207f,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x2170, 0x217f,
+	0x24d0, 0x24e9,
+	0x2c7c, 0x2c7d,
+	0xa69c, 0xa69d,
+	0xa770, 0xa770,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa7f4,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa7f9,
+	0xab5c, 0xab5f,
+	0xab69, 0xab69,
+	0x10780, 0x10780,
+	0x10783, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+}; /* CR_Other_Lowercase */
+
+/* 'Other_Uppercase': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Uppercase[] = {
+	5,
+	0x2160, 0x216f,
+	0x24b6, 0x24cf,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f149,
+	0x1f150, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f189,
+}; /* CR_Other_Uppercase */
+
+/* 'Noncharacter_Code_Point': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Noncharacter_Code_Point[] = {
+	18,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
+	0xfffe, 0xffff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xefffe, 0xeffff,
+	0xffffe, 0xfffff,
+	0x10fffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Noncharacter_Code_Point */
+
+/* 'Other_Grapheme_Extend': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Grapheme_Extend[] = {
+	25,
+	0x09be, 0x09be,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x0b3e, 0x0b3e,
+	0x0b57, 0x0b57,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bbe,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0cc2, 0x0cc2,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d3e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dcf,
+	0x0ddf, 0x0ddf,
+	0x1b35, 0x1b35,
+	0x200c, 0x200c,
+	0x302e, 0x302f,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0x1133e, 0x1133e,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x114b0, 0x114b0,
+	0x114bd, 0x114bd,
+	0x115af, 0x115af,
+	0x11930, 0x11930,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d165,
+	0x1d16e, 0x1d172,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+}; /* CR_Other_Grapheme_Extend */
+
+/* 'IDS_Binary_Operator': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_IDS_Binary_Operator[] = {
+	2,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ff1,
+	0x2ff4, 0x2ffb,
+}; /* CR_IDS_Binary_Operator */
+
+/* 'IDS_Trinary_Operator': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_IDS_Trinary_Operator[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2ff2, 0x2ff3,
+}; /* CR_IDS_Trinary_Operator */
+
+/* 'Radical': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Radical[] = {
+	3,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+}; /* CR_Radical */
+
+/* 'Unified_Ideograph': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Unified_Ideograph[] = {
+	16,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
+	0xfa0e, 0xfa0f,
+	0xfa11, 0xfa11,
+	0xfa13, 0xfa14,
+	0xfa1f, 0xfa1f,
+	0xfa21, 0xfa21,
+	0xfa23, 0xfa24,
+	0xfa27, 0xfa29,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x30000, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_Unified_Ideograph */
+
+/* 'Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point[] = {
+	11,
+	0x034f, 0x034f,
+	0x115f, 0x1160,
+	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
+	0x2065, 0x2065,
+	0x3164, 0x3164,
+	0xffa0, 0xffa0,
+	0xfff0, 0xfff8,
+	0xe0000, 0xe0000,
+	0xe0002, 0xe001f,
+	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
+	0xe01f0, 0xe0fff,
+}; /* CR_Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point */
+
+/* 'Deprecated': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Deprecated[] = {
+	8,
+	0x0149, 0x0149,
+	0x0673, 0x0673,
+	0x0f77, 0x0f77,
+	0x0f79, 0x0f79,
+	0x17a3, 0x17a4,
+	0x206a, 0x206f,
+	0x2329, 0x232a,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+}; /* CR_Deprecated */
+
+/* 'Soft_Dotted': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Soft_Dotted[] = {
+	34,
+	0x0069, 0x006a,
+	0x012f, 0x012f,
+	0x0249, 0x0249,
+	0x0268, 0x0268,
+	0x029d, 0x029d,
+	0x02b2, 0x02b2,
+	0x03f3, 0x03f3,
+	0x0456, 0x0456,
+	0x0458, 0x0458,
+	0x1d62, 0x1d62,
+	0x1d96, 0x1d96,
+	0x1da4, 0x1da4,
+	0x1da8, 0x1da8,
+	0x1e2d, 0x1e2d,
+	0x1ecb, 0x1ecb,
+	0x2071, 0x2071,
+	0x2148, 0x2149,
+	0x2c7c, 0x2c7c,
+	0x1d422, 0x1d423,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d457,
+	0x1d48a, 0x1d48b,
+	0x1d4be, 0x1d4bf,
+	0x1d4f2, 0x1d4f3,
+	0x1d526, 0x1d527,
+	0x1d55a, 0x1d55b,
+	0x1d58e, 0x1d58f,
+	0x1d5c2, 0x1d5c3,
+	0x1d5f6, 0x1d5f7,
+	0x1d62a, 0x1d62b,
+	0x1d65e, 0x1d65f,
+	0x1d692, 0x1d693,
+	0x1df1a, 0x1df1a,
+	0x1e04c, 0x1e04d,
+	0x1e068, 0x1e068,
+}; /* CR_Soft_Dotted */
+
+/* 'Logical_Order_Exception': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Logical_Order_Exception[] = {
+	7,
+	0x0e40, 0x0e44,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x19b5, 0x19b7,
+	0x19ba, 0x19ba,
+	0xaab5, 0xaab6,
+	0xaab9, 0xaab9,
+	0xaabb, 0xaabc,
+}; /* CR_Logical_Order_Exception */
+
+/* 'Other_ID_Start': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_ID_Start[] = {
+	4,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x2118, 0x2118,
+	0x212e, 0x212e,
+	0x309b, 0x309c,
+}; /* CR_Other_ID_Start */
+
+/* 'Other_ID_Continue': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Other_ID_Continue[] = {
+	4,
+	0x00b7, 0x00b7,
+	0x0387, 0x0387,
+	0x1369, 0x1371,
+	0x19da, 0x19da,
+}; /* CR_Other_ID_Continue */
+
+/* 'Sentence_Terminal': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Sentence_Terminal[] = {
+	80,
+	0x0021, 0x0021,
+	0x002e, 0x002e,
+	0x003f, 0x003f,
+	0x0589, 0x0589,
+	0x061d, 0x061f,
+	0x06d4, 0x06d4,
+	0x0700, 0x0702,
+	0x07f9, 0x07f9,
+	0x0837, 0x0837,
+	0x0839, 0x0839,
+	0x083d, 0x083e,
+	0x0964, 0x0965,
+	0x104a, 0x104b,
+	0x1362, 0x1362,
+	0x1367, 0x1368,
+	0x166e, 0x166e,
+	0x1735, 0x1736,
+	0x1803, 0x1803,
+	0x1809, 0x1809,
+	0x1944, 0x1945,
+	0x1aa8, 0x1aab,
+	0x1b5a, 0x1b5b,
+	0x1b5e, 0x1b5f,
+	0x1b7d, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c3c,
+	0x1c7e, 0x1c7f,
+	0x203c, 0x203d,
+	0x2047, 0x2049,
+	0x2e2e, 0x2e2e,
+	0x2e3c, 0x2e3c,
+	0x2e53, 0x2e54,
+	0x3002, 0x3002,
+	0xa4ff, 0xa4ff,
+	0xa60e, 0xa60f,
+	0xa6f3, 0xa6f3,
+	0xa6f7, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa876, 0xa877,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8cf,
+	0xa92f, 0xa92f,
+	0xa9c8, 0xa9c9,
+	0xaa5d, 0xaa5f,
+	0xaaf0, 0xaaf1,
+	0xabeb, 0xabeb,
+	0xfe52, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe56, 0xfe57,
+	0xff01, 0xff01,
+	0xff0e, 0xff0e,
+	0xff1f, 0xff1f,
+	0xff61, 0xff61,
+	0x10a56, 0x10a57,
+	0x10f55, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f86, 0x10f89,
+	0x11047, 0x11048,
+	0x110be, 0x110c1,
+	0x11141, 0x11143,
+	0x111c5, 0x111c6,
+	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
+	0x111de, 0x111df,
+	0x11238, 0x11239,
+	0x1123b, 0x1123c,
+	0x112a9, 0x112a9,
+	0x1144b, 0x1144c,
+	0x115c2, 0x115c3,
+	0x115c9, 0x115d7,
+	0x11641, 0x11642,
+	0x1173c, 0x1173e,
+	0x11944, 0x11944,
+	0x11946, 0x11946,
+	0x11a42, 0x11a43,
+	0x11a9b, 0x11a9c,
+	0x11c41, 0x11c42,
+	0x11ef7, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f43, 0x11f44,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16af5, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b37, 0x16b38,
+	0x16b44, 0x16b44,
+	0x16e98, 0x16e98,
+	0x1bc9f, 0x1bc9f,
+	0x1da88, 0x1da88,
+}; /* CR_Sentence_Terminal */
+
+/* 'Variation_Selector': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Variation_Selector[] = {
+	4,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x180f,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Variation_Selector */
+
+/* 'Pattern_White_Space': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pattern_White_Space[] = {
+	5,
+	0x0009, 0x000d,
+	0x0020, 0x0020,
+	0x0085, 0x0085,
+	0x200e, 0x200f,
+	0x2028, 0x2029,
+}; /* CR_Pattern_White_Space */
+
+/* 'Pattern_Syntax': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Pattern_Syntax[] = {
+	28,
+	0x0021, 0x002f,
+	0x003a, 0x0040,
+	0x005b, 0x005e,
+	0x0060, 0x0060,
+	0x007b, 0x007e,
+	0x00a1, 0x00a7,
+	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
+	0x00ab, 0x00ac,
+	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
+	0x00b0, 0x00b1,
+	0x00b6, 0x00b6,
+	0x00bb, 0x00bb,
+	0x00bf, 0x00bf,
+	0x00d7, 0x00d7,
+	0x00f7, 0x00f7,
+	0x2010, 0x2027,
+	0x2030, 0x203e,
+	0x2041, 0x2053,
+	0x2055, 0x205e,
+	0x2190, 0x245f,
+	0x2500, 0x2775,
+	0x2794, 0x2bff,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e7f,
+	0x3001, 0x3003,
+	0x3008, 0x3020,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0xfd3e, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfe45, 0xfe46,
+}; /* CR_Pattern_Syntax */
+
+/* 'Prepended_Concatenation_Mark': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Prepended_Concatenation_Mark[] = {
+	7,
+	0x0600, 0x0605,
+	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
+	0x070f, 0x070f,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
+	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+}; /* CR_Prepended_Concatenation_Mark */
+
+/* 'Regional_Indicator': Binary Property */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Regional_Indicator[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
+}; /* CR_Regional_Indicator */
+
+/* 'Emoji': Emoji */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji[] = {
+	151,
+	0x0023, 0x0023,
+	0x002a, 0x002a,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
+	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
+	0x203c, 0x203c,
+	0x2049, 0x2049,
+	0x2122, 0x2122,
+	0x2139, 0x2139,
+	0x2194, 0x2199,
+	0x21a9, 0x21aa,
+	0x231a, 0x231b,
+	0x2328, 0x2328,
+	0x23cf, 0x23cf,
+	0x23e9, 0x23f3,
+	0x23f8, 0x23fa,
+	0x24c2, 0x24c2,
+	0x25aa, 0x25ab,
+	0x25b6, 0x25b6,
+	0x25c0, 0x25c0,
+	0x25fb, 0x25fe,
+	0x2600, 0x2604,
+	0x260e, 0x260e,
+	0x2611, 0x2611,
+	0x2614, 0x2615,
+	0x2618, 0x2618,
+	0x261d, 0x261d,
+	0x2620, 0x2620,
+	0x2622, 0x2623,
+	0x2626, 0x2626,
+	0x262a, 0x262a,
+	0x262e, 0x262f,
+	0x2638, 0x263a,
+	0x2640, 0x2640,
+	0x2642, 0x2642,
+	0x2648, 0x2653,
+	0x265f, 0x2660,
+	0x2663, 0x2663,
+	0x2665, 0x2666,
+	0x2668, 0x2668,
+	0x267b, 0x267b,
+	0x267e, 0x267f,
+	0x2692, 0x2697,
+	0x2699, 0x2699,
+	0x269b, 0x269c,
+	0x26a0, 0x26a1,
+	0x26a7, 0x26a7,
+	0x26aa, 0x26ab,
+	0x26b0, 0x26b1,
+	0x26bd, 0x26be,
+	0x26c4, 0x26c5,
+	0x26c8, 0x26c8,
+	0x26ce, 0x26cf,
+	0x26d1, 0x26d1,
+	0x26d3, 0x26d4,
+	0x26e9, 0x26ea,
+	0x26f0, 0x26f5,
+	0x26f7, 0x26fa,
+	0x26fd, 0x26fd,
+	0x2702, 0x2702,
+	0x2705, 0x2705,
+	0x2708, 0x270d,
+	0x270f, 0x270f,
+	0x2712, 0x2712,
+	0x2714, 0x2714,
+	0x2716, 0x2716,
+	0x271d, 0x271d,
+	0x2721, 0x2721,
+	0x2728, 0x2728,
+	0x2733, 0x2734,
+	0x2744, 0x2744,
+	0x2747, 0x2747,
+	0x274c, 0x274c,
+	0x274e, 0x274e,
+	0x2753, 0x2755,
+	0x2757, 0x2757,
+	0x2763, 0x2764,
+	0x2795, 0x2797,
+	0x27a1, 0x27a1,
+	0x27b0, 0x27b0,
+	0x27bf, 0x27bf,
+	0x2934, 0x2935,
+	0x2b05, 0x2b07,
+	0x2b1b, 0x2b1c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b50,
+	0x2b55, 0x2b55,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0x303d, 0x303d,
+	0x3297, 0x3297,
+	0x3299, 0x3299,
+	0x1f004, 0x1f004,
+	0x1f0cf, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f171,
+	0x1f17e, 0x1f17f,
+	0x1f18e, 0x1f18e,
+	0x1f191, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
+	0x1f201, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f21a, 0x1f21a,
+	0x1f22f, 0x1f22f,
+	0x1f232, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f321,
+	0x1f324, 0x1f393,
+	0x1f396, 0x1f397,
+	0x1f399, 0x1f39b,
+	0x1f39e, 0x1f3f0,
+	0x1f3f3, 0x1f3f5,
+	0x1f3f7, 0x1f4fd,
+	0x1f4ff, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f549, 0x1f54e,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
+	0x1f56f, 0x1f570,
+	0x1f573, 0x1f57a,
+	0x1f587, 0x1f587,
+	0x1f58a, 0x1f58d,
+	0x1f590, 0x1f590,
+	0x1f595, 0x1f596,
+	0x1f5a4, 0x1f5a5,
+	0x1f5a8, 0x1f5a8,
+	0x1f5b1, 0x1f5b2,
+	0x1f5bc, 0x1f5bc,
+	0x1f5c2, 0x1f5c4,
+	0x1f5d1, 0x1f5d3,
+	0x1f5dc, 0x1f5de,
+	0x1f5e1, 0x1f5e1,
+	0x1f5e3, 0x1f5e3,
+	0x1f5e8, 0x1f5e8,
+	0x1f5ef, 0x1f5ef,
+	0x1f5f3, 0x1f5f3,
+	0x1f5fa, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
+	0x1f6cb, 0x1f6d2,
+	0x1f6d5, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6e5,
+	0x1f6e9, 0x1f6e9,
+	0x1f6eb, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f0,
+	0x1f6f3, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f90c, 0x1f93a,
+	0x1f93c, 0x1f945,
+	0x1f947, 0x1f9ff,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+}; /* CR_Emoji */
+
+/* 'Emoji_Presentation': Emoji */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Presentation[] = {
+	81,
+	0x231a, 0x231b,
+	0x23e9, 0x23ec,
+	0x23f0, 0x23f0,
+	0x23f3, 0x23f3,
+	0x25fd, 0x25fe,
+	0x2614, 0x2615,
+	0x2648, 0x2653,
+	0x267f, 0x267f,
+	0x2693, 0x2693,
+	0x26a1, 0x26a1,
+	0x26aa, 0x26ab,
+	0x26bd, 0x26be,
+	0x26c4, 0x26c5,
+	0x26ce, 0x26ce,
+	0x26d4, 0x26d4,
+	0x26ea, 0x26ea,
+	0x26f2, 0x26f3,
+	0x26f5, 0x26f5,
+	0x26fa, 0x26fa,
+	0x26fd, 0x26fd,
+	0x2705, 0x2705,
+	0x270a, 0x270b,
+	0x2728, 0x2728,
+	0x274c, 0x274c,
+	0x274e, 0x274e,
+	0x2753, 0x2755,
+	0x2757, 0x2757,
+	0x2795, 0x2797,
+	0x27b0, 0x27b0,
+	0x27bf, 0x27bf,
+	0x2b1b, 0x2b1c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b50,
+	0x2b55, 0x2b55,
+	0x1f004, 0x1f004,
+	0x1f0cf, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f18e, 0x1f18e,
+	0x1f191, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
+	0x1f201, 0x1f201,
+	0x1f21a, 0x1f21a,
+	0x1f22f, 0x1f22f,
+	0x1f232, 0x1f236,
+	0x1f238, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
+	0x1f32d, 0x1f335,
+	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
+	0x1f37e, 0x1f393,
+	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3ca,
+	0x1f3cf, 0x1f3d3,
+	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
+	0x1f3f4, 0x1f3f4,
+	0x1f3f8, 0x1f43e,
+	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
+	0x1f442, 0x1f4fc,
+	0x1f4ff, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f54b, 0x1f54e,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
+	0x1f57a, 0x1f57a,
+	0x1f595, 0x1f596,
+	0x1f5a4, 0x1f5a4,
+	0x1f5fb, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
+	0x1f6cc, 0x1f6cc,
+	0x1f6d0, 0x1f6d2,
+	0x1f6d5, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6df,
+	0x1f6eb, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f4, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f90c, 0x1f93a,
+	0x1f93c, 0x1f945,
+	0x1f947, 0x1f9ff,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+}; /* CR_Emoji_Presentation */
+
+/* 'Emoji_Modifier': Emoji */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Modifier[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
+}; /* CR_Emoji_Modifier */
+
+/* 'Emoji_Modifier_Base': Emoji */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Modifier_Base[] = {
+	40,
+	0x261d, 0x261d,
+	0x26f9, 0x26f9,
+	0x270a, 0x270d,
+	0x1f385, 0x1f385,
+	0x1f3c2, 0x1f3c4,
+	0x1f3c7, 0x1f3c7,
+	0x1f3ca, 0x1f3cc,
+	0x1f442, 0x1f443,
+	0x1f446, 0x1f450,
+	0x1f466, 0x1f478,
+	0x1f47c, 0x1f47c,
+	0x1f481, 0x1f483,
+	0x1f485, 0x1f487,
+	0x1f48f, 0x1f48f,
+	0x1f491, 0x1f491,
+	0x1f4aa, 0x1f4aa,
+	0x1f574, 0x1f575,
+	0x1f57a, 0x1f57a,
+	0x1f590, 0x1f590,
+	0x1f595, 0x1f596,
+	0x1f645, 0x1f647,
+	0x1f64b, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f6a3, 0x1f6a3,
+	0x1f6b4, 0x1f6b6,
+	0x1f6c0, 0x1f6c0,
+	0x1f6cc, 0x1f6cc,
+	0x1f90c, 0x1f90c,
+	0x1f90f, 0x1f90f,
+	0x1f918, 0x1f91f,
+	0x1f926, 0x1f926,
+	0x1f930, 0x1f939,
+	0x1f93c, 0x1f93e,
+	0x1f977, 0x1f977,
+	0x1f9b5, 0x1f9b6,
+	0x1f9b8, 0x1f9b9,
+	0x1f9bb, 0x1f9bb,
+	0x1f9cd, 0x1f9cf,
+	0x1f9d1, 0x1f9dd,
+	0x1fac3, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+}; /* CR_Emoji_Modifier_Base */
+
+/* 'Emoji_Component': Emoji */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Emoji_Component[] = {
+	10,
+	0x0023, 0x0023,
+	0x002a, 0x002a,
+	0x0030, 0x0039,
+	0x200d, 0x200d,
+	0x20e3, 0x20e3,
+	0xfe0f, 0xfe0f,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f1ff,
+	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
+	0x1f9b0, 0x1f9b3,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+}; /* CR_Emoji_Component */
+
+/* 'Extended_Pictographic': Emoji */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Extended_Pictographic[] = {
+	78,
+	0x00a9, 0x00a9,
+	0x00ae, 0x00ae,
+	0x203c, 0x203c,
+	0x2049, 0x2049,
+	0x2122, 0x2122,
+	0x2139, 0x2139,
+	0x2194, 0x2199,
+	0x21a9, 0x21aa,
+	0x231a, 0x231b,
+	0x2328, 0x2328,
+	0x2388, 0x2388,
+	0x23cf, 0x23cf,
+	0x23e9, 0x23f3,
+	0x23f8, 0x23fa,
+	0x24c2, 0x24c2,
+	0x25aa, 0x25ab,
+	0x25b6, 0x25b6,
+	0x25c0, 0x25c0,
+	0x25fb, 0x25fe,
+	0x2600, 0x2605,
+	0x2607, 0x2612,
+	0x2614, 0x2685,
+	0x2690, 0x2705,
+	0x2708, 0x2712,
+	0x2714, 0x2714,
+	0x2716, 0x2716,
+	0x271d, 0x271d,
+	0x2721, 0x2721,
+	0x2728, 0x2728,
+	0x2733, 0x2734,
+	0x2744, 0x2744,
+	0x2747, 0x2747,
+	0x274c, 0x274c,
+	0x274e, 0x274e,
+	0x2753, 0x2755,
+	0x2757, 0x2757,
+	0x2763, 0x2767,
+	0x2795, 0x2797,
+	0x27a1, 0x27a1,
+	0x27b0, 0x27b0,
+	0x27bf, 0x27bf,
+	0x2934, 0x2935,
+	0x2b05, 0x2b07,
+	0x2b1b, 0x2b1c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b50,
+	0x2b55, 0x2b55,
+	0x3030, 0x3030,
+	0x303d, 0x303d,
+	0x3297, 0x3297,
+	0x3299, 0x3299,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f0ff,
+	0x1f10d, 0x1f10f,
+	0x1f12f, 0x1f12f,
+	0x1f16c, 0x1f171,
+	0x1f17e, 0x1f17f,
+	0x1f18e, 0x1f18e,
+	0x1f191, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1ad, 0x1f1e5,
+	0x1f201, 0x1f20f,
+	0x1f21a, 0x1f21a,
+	0x1f22f, 0x1f22f,
+	0x1f232, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
+	0x1f249, 0x1f3fa,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f546, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6ff,
+	0x1f774, 0x1f77f,
+	0x1f7d5, 0x1f7ff,
+	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
+	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
+	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
+	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
+	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8ff,
+	0x1f90c, 0x1f93a,
+	0x1f93c, 0x1f945,
+	0x1f947, 0x1faff,
+	0x1fc00, 0x1fffd,
+}; /* CR_Extended_Pictographic */
+
+/* 'Unknown': Script */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Unknown[] = {
+	705,
+	0x0378, 0x0379,
+	0x0380, 0x0383,
+	0x038b, 0x038b,
+	0x038d, 0x038d,
+	0x03a2, 0x03a2,
+	0x0530, 0x0530,
+	0x0557, 0x0558,
+	0x058b, 0x058c,
+	0x0590, 0x0590,
+	0x05c8, 0x05cf,
+	0x05eb, 0x05ee,
+	0x05f5, 0x05ff,
+	0x070e, 0x070e,
+	0x074b, 0x074c,
+	0x07b2, 0x07bf,
+	0x07fb, 0x07fc,
+	0x082e, 0x082f,
+	0x083f, 0x083f,
+	0x085c, 0x085d,
+	0x085f, 0x085f,
+	0x086b, 0x086f,
+	0x088f, 0x088f,
+	0x0892, 0x0897,
+	0x0984, 0x0984,
+	0x098d, 0x098e,
+	0x0991, 0x0992,
+	0x09a9, 0x09a9,
+	0x09b1, 0x09b1,
+	0x09b3, 0x09b5,
+	0x09ba, 0x09bb,
+	0x09c5, 0x09c6,
+	0x09c9, 0x09ca,
+	0x09cf, 0x09d6,
+	0x09d8, 0x09db,
+	0x09de, 0x09de,
+	0x09e4, 0x09e5,
+	0x09ff, 0x0a00,
+	0x0a04, 0x0a04,
+	0x0a0b, 0x0a0e,
+	0x0a11, 0x0a12,
+	0x0a29, 0x0a29,
+	0x0a31, 0x0a31,
+	0x0a34, 0x0a34,
+	0x0a37, 0x0a37,
+	0x0a3a, 0x0a3b,
+	0x0a3d, 0x0a3d,
+	0x0a43, 0x0a46,
+	0x0a49, 0x0a4a,
+	0x0a4e, 0x0a50,
+	0x0a52, 0x0a58,
+	0x0a5d, 0x0a5d,
+	0x0a5f, 0x0a65,
+	0x0a77, 0x0a80,
+	0x0a84, 0x0a84,
+	0x0a8e, 0x0a8e,
+	0x0a92, 0x0a92,
+	0x0aa9, 0x0aa9,
+	0x0ab1, 0x0ab1,
+	0x0ab4, 0x0ab4,
+	0x0aba, 0x0abb,
+	0x0ac6, 0x0ac6,
+	0x0aca, 0x0aca,
+	0x0ace, 0x0acf,
+	0x0ad1, 0x0adf,
+	0x0ae4, 0x0ae5,
+	0x0af2, 0x0af8,
+	0x0b00, 0x0b00,
+	0x0b04, 0x0b04,
+	0x0b0d, 0x0b0e,
+	0x0b11, 0x0b12,
+	0x0b29, 0x0b29,
+	0x0b31, 0x0b31,
+	0x0b34, 0x0b34,
+	0x0b3a, 0x0b3b,
+	0x0b45, 0x0b46,
+	0x0b49, 0x0b4a,
+	0x0b4e, 0x0b54,
+	0x0b58, 0x0b5b,
+	0x0b5e, 0x0b5e,
+	0x0b64, 0x0b65,
+	0x0b78, 0x0b81,
+	0x0b84, 0x0b84,
+	0x0b8b, 0x0b8d,
+	0x0b91, 0x0b91,
+	0x0b96, 0x0b98,
+	0x0b9b, 0x0b9b,
+	0x0b9d, 0x0b9d,
+	0x0ba0, 0x0ba2,
+	0x0ba5, 0x0ba7,
+	0x0bab, 0x0bad,
+	0x0bba, 0x0bbd,
+	0x0bc3, 0x0bc5,
+	0x0bc9, 0x0bc9,
+	0x0bce, 0x0bcf,
+	0x0bd1, 0x0bd6,
+	0x0bd8, 0x0be5,
+	0x0bfb, 0x0bff,
+	0x0c0d, 0x0c0d,
+	0x0c11, 0x0c11,
+	0x0c29, 0x0c29,
+	0x0c3a, 0x0c3b,
+	0x0c45, 0x0c45,
+	0x0c49, 0x0c49,
+	0x0c4e, 0x0c54,
+	0x0c57, 0x0c57,
+	0x0c5b, 0x0c5c,
+	0x0c5e, 0x0c5f,
+	0x0c64, 0x0c65,
+	0x0c70, 0x0c76,
+	0x0c8d, 0x0c8d,
+	0x0c91, 0x0c91,
+	0x0ca9, 0x0ca9,
+	0x0cb4, 0x0cb4,
+	0x0cba, 0x0cbb,
+	0x0cc5, 0x0cc5,
+	0x0cc9, 0x0cc9,
+	0x0cce, 0x0cd4,
+	0x0cd7, 0x0cdc,
+	0x0cdf, 0x0cdf,
+	0x0ce4, 0x0ce5,
+	0x0cf0, 0x0cf0,
+	0x0cf4, 0x0cff,
+	0x0d0d, 0x0d0d,
+	0x0d11, 0x0d11,
+	0x0d45, 0x0d45,
+	0x0d49, 0x0d49,
+	0x0d50, 0x0d53,
+	0x0d64, 0x0d65,
+	0x0d80, 0x0d80,
+	0x0d84, 0x0d84,
+	0x0d97, 0x0d99,
+	0x0db2, 0x0db2,
+	0x0dbc, 0x0dbc,
+	0x0dbe, 0x0dbf,
+	0x0dc7, 0x0dc9,
+	0x0dcb, 0x0dce,
+	0x0dd5, 0x0dd5,
+	0x0dd7, 0x0dd7,
+	0x0de0, 0x0de5,
+	0x0df0, 0x0df1,
+	0x0df5, 0x0e00,
+	0x0e3b, 0x0e3e,
+	0x0e5c, 0x0e80,
+	0x0e83, 0x0e83,
+	0x0e85, 0x0e85,
+	0x0e8b, 0x0e8b,
+	0x0ea4, 0x0ea4,
+	0x0ea6, 0x0ea6,
+	0x0ebe, 0x0ebf,
+	0x0ec5, 0x0ec5,
+	0x0ec7, 0x0ec7,
+	0x0ecf, 0x0ecf,
+	0x0eda, 0x0edb,
+	0x0ee0, 0x0eff,
+	0x0f48, 0x0f48,
+	0x0f6d, 0x0f70,
+	0x0f98, 0x0f98,
+	0x0fbd, 0x0fbd,
+	0x0fcd, 0x0fcd,
+	0x0fdb, 0x0fff,
+	0x10c6, 0x10c6,
+	0x10c8, 0x10cc,
+	0x10ce, 0x10cf,
+	0x1249, 0x1249,
+	0x124e, 0x124f,
+	0x1257, 0x1257,
+	0x1259, 0x1259,
+	0x125e, 0x125f,
+	0x1289, 0x1289,
+	0x128e, 0x128f,
+	0x12b1, 0x12b1,
+	0x12b6, 0x12b7,
+	0x12bf, 0x12bf,
+	0x12c1, 0x12c1,
+	0x12c6, 0x12c7,
+	0x12d7, 0x12d7,
+	0x1311, 0x1311,
+	0x1316, 0x1317,
+	0x135b, 0x135c,
+	0x137d, 0x137f,
+	0x139a, 0x139f,
+	0x13f6, 0x13f7,
+	0x13fe, 0x13ff,
+	0x169d, 0x169f,
+	0x16f9, 0x16ff,
+	0x1716, 0x171e,
+	0x1737, 0x173f,
+	0x1754, 0x175f,
+	0x176d, 0x176d,
+	0x1771, 0x1771,
+	0x1774, 0x177f,
+	0x17de, 0x17df,
+	0x17ea, 0x17ef,
+	0x17fa, 0x17ff,
+	0x181a, 0x181f,
+	0x1879, 0x187f,
+	0x18ab, 0x18af,
+	0x18f6, 0x18ff,
+	0x191f, 0x191f,
+	0x192c, 0x192f,
+	0x193c, 0x193f,
+	0x1941, 0x1943,
+	0x196e, 0x196f,
+	0x1975, 0x197f,
+	0x19ac, 0x19af,
+	0x19ca, 0x19cf,
+	0x19db, 0x19dd,
+	0x1a1c, 0x1a1d,
+	0x1a5f, 0x1a5f,
+	0x1a7d, 0x1a7e,
+	0x1a8a, 0x1a8f,
+	0x1a9a, 0x1a9f,
+	0x1aae, 0x1aaf,
+	0x1acf, 0x1aff,
+	0x1b4d, 0x1b4f,
+	0x1b7f, 0x1b7f,
+	0x1bf4, 0x1bfb,
+	0x1c38, 0x1c3a,
+	0x1c4a, 0x1c4c,
+	0x1c89, 0x1c8f,
+	0x1cbb, 0x1cbc,
+	0x1cc8, 0x1ccf,
+	0x1cfb, 0x1cff,
+	0x1f16, 0x1f17,
+	0x1f1e, 0x1f1f,
+	0x1f46, 0x1f47,
+	0x1f4e, 0x1f4f,
+	0x1f58, 0x1f58,
+	0x1f5a, 0x1f5a,
+	0x1f5c, 0x1f5c,
+	0x1f5e, 0x1f5e,
+	0x1f7e, 0x1f7f,
+	0x1fb5, 0x1fb5,
+	0x1fc5, 0x1fc5,
+	0x1fd4, 0x1fd5,
+	0x1fdc, 0x1fdc,
+	0x1ff0, 0x1ff1,
+	0x1ff5, 0x1ff5,
+	0x1fff, 0x1fff,
+	0x2065, 0x2065,
+	0x2072, 0x2073,
+	0x208f, 0x208f,
+	0x209d, 0x209f,
+	0x20c1, 0x20cf,
+	0x20f1, 0x20ff,
+	0x218c, 0x218f,
+	0x2427, 0x243f,
+	0x244b, 0x245f,
+	0x2b74, 0x2b75,
+	0x2b96, 0x2b96,
+	0x2cf4, 0x2cf8,
+	0x2d26, 0x2d26,
+	0x2d28, 0x2d2c,
+	0x2d2e, 0x2d2f,
+	0x2d68, 0x2d6e,
+	0x2d71, 0x2d7e,
+	0x2d97, 0x2d9f,
+	0x2da7, 0x2da7,
+	0x2daf, 0x2daf,
+	0x2db7, 0x2db7,
+	0x2dbf, 0x2dbf,
+	0x2dc7, 0x2dc7,
+	0x2dcf, 0x2dcf,
+	0x2dd7, 0x2dd7,
+	0x2ddf, 0x2ddf,
+	0x2e5e, 0x2e7f,
+	0x2e9a, 0x2e9a,
+	0x2ef4, 0x2eff,
+	0x2fd6, 0x2fef,
+	0x2ffc, 0x2fff,
+	0x3040, 0x3040,
+	0x3097, 0x3098,
+	0x3100, 0x3104,
+	0x3130, 0x3130,
+	0x318f, 0x318f,
+	0x31e4, 0x31ef,
+	0x321f, 0x321f,
+	0xa48d, 0xa48f,
+	0xa4c7, 0xa4cf,
+	0xa62c, 0xa63f,
+	0xa6f8, 0xa6ff,
+	0xa7cb, 0xa7cf,
+	0xa7d2, 0xa7d2,
+	0xa7d4, 0xa7d4,
+	0xa7da, 0xa7f1,
+	0xa82d, 0xa82f,
+	0xa83a, 0xa83f,
+	0xa878, 0xa87f,
+	0xa8c6, 0xa8cd,
+	0xa8da, 0xa8df,
+	0xa954, 0xa95e,
+	0xa97d, 0xa97f,
+	0xa9ce, 0xa9ce,
+	0xa9da, 0xa9dd,
+	0xa9ff, 0xa9ff,
+	0xaa37, 0xaa3f,
+	0xaa4e, 0xaa4f,
+	0xaa5a, 0xaa5b,
+	0xaac3, 0xaada,
+	0xaaf7, 0xab00,
+	0xab07, 0xab08,
+	0xab0f, 0xab10,
+	0xab17, 0xab1f,
+	0xab27, 0xab27,
+	0xab2f, 0xab2f,
+	0xab6c, 0xab6f,
+	0xabee, 0xabef,
+	0xabfa, 0xabff,
+	0xd7a4, 0xd7af,
+	0xd7c7, 0xd7ca,
+	0xd7fc, 0xf8ff,
+	0xfa6e, 0xfa6f,
+	0xfada, 0xfaff,
+	0xfb07, 0xfb12,
+	0xfb18, 0xfb1c,
+	0xfb37, 0xfb37,
+	0xfb3d, 0xfb3d,
+	0xfb3f, 0xfb3f,
+	0xfb42, 0xfb42,
+	0xfb45, 0xfb45,
+	0xfbc3, 0xfbd2,
+	0xfd90, 0xfd91,
+	0xfdc8, 0xfdce,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdef,
+	0xfe1a, 0xfe1f,
+	0xfe53, 0xfe53,
+	0xfe67, 0xfe67,
+	0xfe6c, 0xfe6f,
+	0xfe75, 0xfe75,
+	0xfefd, 0xfefe,
+	0xff00, 0xff00,
+	0xffbf, 0xffc1,
+	0xffc8, 0xffc9,
+	0xffd0, 0xffd1,
+	0xffd8, 0xffd9,
+	0xffdd, 0xffdf,
+	0xffe7, 0xffe7,
+	0xffef, 0xfff8,
+	0xfffe, 0xffff,
+	0x1000c, 0x1000c,
+	0x10027, 0x10027,
+	0x1003b, 0x1003b,
+	0x1003e, 0x1003e,
+	0x1004e, 0x1004f,
+	0x1005e, 0x1007f,
+	0x100fb, 0x100ff,
+	0x10103, 0x10106,
+	0x10134, 0x10136,
+	0x1018f, 0x1018f,
+	0x1019d, 0x1019f,
+	0x101a1, 0x101cf,
+	0x101fe, 0x1027f,
+	0x1029d, 0x1029f,
+	0x102d1, 0x102df,
+	0x102fc, 0x102ff,
+	0x10324, 0x1032c,
+	0x1034b, 0x1034f,
+	0x1037b, 0x1037f,
+	0x1039e, 0x1039e,
+	0x103c4, 0x103c7,
+	0x103d6, 0x103ff,
+	0x1049e, 0x1049f,
+	0x104aa, 0x104af,
+	0x104d4, 0x104d7,
+	0x104fc, 0x104ff,
+	0x10528, 0x1052f,
+	0x10564, 0x1056e,
+	0x1057b, 0x1057b,
+	0x1058b, 0x1058b,
+	0x10593, 0x10593,
+	0x10596, 0x10596,
+	0x105a2, 0x105a2,
+	0x105b2, 0x105b2,
+	0x105ba, 0x105ba,
+	0x105bd, 0x105ff,
+	0x10737, 0x1073f,
+	0x10756, 0x1075f,
+	0x10768, 0x1077f,
+	0x10786, 0x10786,
+	0x107b1, 0x107b1,
+	0x107bb, 0x107ff,
+	0x10806, 0x10807,
+	0x10809, 0x10809,
+	0x10836, 0x10836,
+	0x10839, 0x1083b,
+	0x1083d, 0x1083e,
+	0x10856, 0x10856,
+	0x1089f, 0x108a6,
+	0x108b0, 0x108df,
+	0x108f3, 0x108f3,
+	0x108f6, 0x108fa,
+	0x1091c, 0x1091e,
+	0x1093a, 0x1093e,
+	0x10940, 0x1097f,
+	0x109b8, 0x109bb,
+	0x109d0, 0x109d1,
+	0x10a04, 0x10a04,
+	0x10a07, 0x10a0b,
+	0x10a14, 0x10a14,
+	0x10a18, 0x10a18,
+	0x10a36, 0x10a37,
+	0x10a3b, 0x10a3e,
+	0x10a49, 0x10a4f,
+	0x10a59, 0x10a5f,
+	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
+	0x10ae7, 0x10aea,
+	0x10af7, 0x10aff,
+	0x10b36, 0x10b38,
+	0x10b56, 0x10b57,
+	0x10b73, 0x10b77,
+	0x10b92, 0x10b98,
+	0x10b9d, 0x10ba8,
+	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
+	0x10c49, 0x10c7f,
+	0x10cb3, 0x10cbf,
+	0x10cf3, 0x10cf9,
+	0x10d28, 0x10d2f,
+	0x10d3a, 0x10e5f,
+	0x10e7f, 0x10e7f,
+	0x10eaa, 0x10eaa,
+	0x10eae, 0x10eaf,
+	0x10eb2, 0x10efc,
+	0x10f28, 0x10f2f,
+	0x10f5a, 0x10f6f,
+	0x10f8a, 0x10faf,
+	0x10fcc, 0x10fdf,
+	0x10ff7, 0x10fff,
+	0x1104e, 0x11051,
+	0x11076, 0x1107e,
+	0x110c3, 0x110cc,
+	0x110ce, 0x110cf,
+	0x110e9, 0x110ef,
+	0x110fa, 0x110ff,
+	0x11135, 0x11135,
+	0x11148, 0x1114f,
+	0x11177, 0x1117f,
+	0x111e0, 0x111e0,
+	0x111f5, 0x111ff,
+	0x11212, 0x11212,
+	0x11242, 0x1127f,
+	0x11287, 0x11287,
+	0x11289, 0x11289,
+	0x1128e, 0x1128e,
+	0x1129e, 0x1129e,
+	0x112aa, 0x112af,
+	0x112eb, 0x112ef,
+	0x112fa, 0x112ff,
+	0x11304, 0x11304,
+	0x1130d, 0x1130e,
+	0x11311, 0x11312,
+	0x11329, 0x11329,
+	0x11331, 0x11331,
+	0x11334, 0x11334,
+	0x1133a, 0x1133a,
+	0x11345, 0x11346,
+	0x11349, 0x1134a,
+	0x1134e, 0x1134f,
+	0x11351, 0x11356,
+	0x11358, 0x1135c,
+	0x11364, 0x11365,
+	0x1136d, 0x1136f,
+	0x11375, 0x113ff,
+	0x1145c, 0x1145c,
+	0x11462, 0x1147f,
+	0x114c8, 0x114cf,
+	0x114da, 0x1157f,
+	0x115b6, 0x115b7,
+	0x115de, 0x115ff,
+	0x11645, 0x1164f,
+	0x1165a, 0x1165f,
+	0x1166d, 0x1167f,
+	0x116ba, 0x116bf,
+	0x116ca, 0x116ff,
+	0x1171b, 0x1171c,
+	0x1172c, 0x1172f,
+	0x11747, 0x117ff,
+	0x1183c, 0x1189f,
+	0x118f3, 0x118fe,
+	0x11907, 0x11908,
+	0x1190a, 0x1190b,
+	0x11914, 0x11914,
+	0x11917, 0x11917,
+	0x11936, 0x11936,
+	0x11939, 0x1193a,
+	0x11947, 0x1194f,
+	0x1195a, 0x1199f,
+	0x119a8, 0x119a9,
+	0x119d8, 0x119d9,
+	0x119e5, 0x119ff,
+	0x11a48, 0x11a4f,
+	0x11aa3, 0x11aaf,
+	0x11af9, 0x11aff,
+	0x11b0a, 0x11bff,
+	0x11c09, 0x11c09,
+	0x11c37, 0x11c37,
+	0x11c46, 0x11c4f,
+	0x11c6d, 0x11c6f,
+	0x11c90, 0x11c91,
+	0x11ca8, 0x11ca8,
+	0x11cb7, 0x11cff,
+	0x11d07, 0x11d07,
+	0x11d0a, 0x11d0a,
+	0x11d37, 0x11d39,
+	0x11d3b, 0x11d3b,
+	0x11d3e, 0x11d3e,
+	0x11d48, 0x11d4f,
+	0x11d5a, 0x11d5f,
+	0x11d66, 0x11d66,
+	0x11d69, 0x11d69,
+	0x11d8f, 0x11d8f,
+	0x11d92, 0x11d92,
+	0x11d99, 0x11d9f,
+	0x11daa, 0x11edf,
+	0x11ef9, 0x11eff,
+	0x11f11, 0x11f11,
+	0x11f3b, 0x11f3d,
+	0x11f5a, 0x11faf,
+	0x11fb1, 0x11fbf,
+	0x11ff2, 0x11ffe,
+	0x1239a, 0x123ff,
+	0x1246f, 0x1246f,
+	0x12475, 0x1247f,
+	0x12544, 0x12f8f,
+	0x12ff3, 0x12fff,
+	0x13456, 0x143ff,
+	0x14647, 0x167ff,
+	0x16a39, 0x16a3f,
+	0x16a5f, 0x16a5f,
+	0x16a6a, 0x16a6d,
+	0x16abf, 0x16abf,
+	0x16aca, 0x16acf,
+	0x16aee, 0x16aef,
+	0x16af6, 0x16aff,
+	0x16b46, 0x16b4f,
+	0x16b5a, 0x16b5a,
+	0x16b62, 0x16b62,
+	0x16b78, 0x16b7c,
+	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
+	0x16e9b, 0x16eff,
+	0x16f4b, 0x16f4e,
+	0x16f88, 0x16f8e,
+	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
+	0x16fe5, 0x16fef,
+	0x16ff2, 0x16fff,
+	0x187f8, 0x187ff,
+	0x18cd6, 0x18cff,
+	0x18d09, 0x1afef,
+	0x1aff4, 0x1aff4,
+	0x1affc, 0x1affc,
+	0x1afff, 0x1afff,
+	0x1b123, 0x1b131,
+	0x1b133, 0x1b14f,
+	0x1b153, 0x1b154,
+	0x1b156, 0x1b163,
+	0x1b168, 0x1b16f,
+	0x1b2fc, 0x1bbff,
+	0x1bc6b, 0x1bc6f,
+	0x1bc7d, 0x1bc7f,
+	0x1bc89, 0x1bc8f,
+	0x1bc9a, 0x1bc9b,
+	0x1bca4, 0x1ceff,
+	0x1cf2e, 0x1cf2f,
+	0x1cf47, 0x1cf4f,
+	0x1cfc4, 0x1cfff,
+	0x1d0f6, 0x1d0ff,
+	0x1d127, 0x1d128,
+	0x1d1eb, 0x1d1ff,
+	0x1d246, 0x1d2bf,
+	0x1d2d4, 0x1d2df,
+	0x1d2f4, 0x1d2ff,
+	0x1d357, 0x1d35f,
+	0x1d379, 0x1d3ff,
+	0x1d455, 0x1d455,
+	0x1d49d, 0x1d49d,
+	0x1d4a0, 0x1d4a1,
+	0x1d4a3, 0x1d4a4,
+	0x1d4a7, 0x1d4a8,
+	0x1d4ad, 0x1d4ad,
+	0x1d4ba, 0x1d4ba,
+	0x1d4bc, 0x1d4bc,
+	0x1d4c4, 0x1d4c4,
+	0x1d506, 0x1d506,
+	0x1d50b, 0x1d50c,
+	0x1d515, 0x1d515,
+	0x1d51d, 0x1d51d,
+	0x1d53a, 0x1d53a,
+	0x1d53f, 0x1d53f,
+	0x1d545, 0x1d545,
+	0x1d547, 0x1d549,
+	0x1d551, 0x1d551,
+	0x1d6a6, 0x1d6a7,
+	0x1d7cc, 0x1d7cd,
+	0x1da8c, 0x1da9a,
+	0x1daa0, 0x1daa0,
+	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
+	0x1df1f, 0x1df24,
+	0x1df2b, 0x1dfff,
+	0x1e007, 0x1e007,
+	0x1e019, 0x1e01a,
+	0x1e022, 0x1e022,
+	0x1e025, 0x1e025,
+	0x1e02b, 0x1e02f,
+	0x1e06e, 0x1e08e,
+	0x1e090, 0x1e0ff,
+	0x1e12d, 0x1e12f,
+	0x1e13e, 0x1e13f,
+	0x1e14a, 0x1e14d,
+	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
+	0x1e2af, 0x1e2bf,
+	0x1e2fa, 0x1e2fe,
+	0x1e300, 0x1e4cf,
+	0x1e4fa, 0x1e7df,
+	0x1e7e7, 0x1e7e7,
+	0x1e7ec, 0x1e7ec,
+	0x1e7ef, 0x1e7ef,
+	0x1e7ff, 0x1e7ff,
+	0x1e8c5, 0x1e8c6,
+	0x1e8d7, 0x1e8ff,
+	0x1e94c, 0x1e94f,
+	0x1e95a, 0x1e95d,
+	0x1e960, 0x1ec70,
+	0x1ecb5, 0x1ed00,
+	0x1ed3e, 0x1edff,
+	0x1ee04, 0x1ee04,
+	0x1ee20, 0x1ee20,
+	0x1ee23, 0x1ee23,
+	0x1ee25, 0x1ee26,
+	0x1ee28, 0x1ee28,
+	0x1ee33, 0x1ee33,
+	0x1ee38, 0x1ee38,
+	0x1ee3a, 0x1ee3a,
+	0x1ee3c, 0x1ee41,
+	0x1ee43, 0x1ee46,
+	0x1ee48, 0x1ee48,
+	0x1ee4a, 0x1ee4a,
+	0x1ee4c, 0x1ee4c,
+	0x1ee50, 0x1ee50,
+	0x1ee53, 0x1ee53,
+	0x1ee55, 0x1ee56,
+	0x1ee58, 0x1ee58,
+	0x1ee5a, 0x1ee5a,
+	0x1ee5c, 0x1ee5c,
+	0x1ee5e, 0x1ee5e,
+	0x1ee60, 0x1ee60,
+	0x1ee63, 0x1ee63,
+	0x1ee65, 0x1ee66,
+	0x1ee6b, 0x1ee6b,
+	0x1ee73, 0x1ee73,
+	0x1ee78, 0x1ee78,
+	0x1ee7d, 0x1ee7d,
+	0x1ee7f, 0x1ee7f,
+	0x1ee8a, 0x1ee8a,
+	0x1ee9c, 0x1eea0,
+	0x1eea4, 0x1eea4,
+	0x1eeaa, 0x1eeaa,
+	0x1eebc, 0x1eeef,
+	0x1eef2, 0x1efff,
+	0x1f02c, 0x1f02f,
+	0x1f094, 0x1f09f,
+	0x1f0af, 0x1f0b0,
+	0x1f0c0, 0x1f0c0,
+	0x1f0d0, 0x1f0d0,
+	0x1f0f6, 0x1f0ff,
+	0x1f1ae, 0x1f1e5,
+	0x1f203, 0x1f20f,
+	0x1f23c, 0x1f23f,
+	0x1f249, 0x1f24f,
+	0x1f252, 0x1f25f,
+	0x1f266, 0x1f2ff,
+	0x1f6d8, 0x1f6db,
+	0x1f6ed, 0x1f6ef,
+	0x1f6fd, 0x1f6ff,
+	0x1f777, 0x1f77a,
+	0x1f7da, 0x1f7df,
+	0x1f7ec, 0x1f7ef,
+	0x1f7f1, 0x1f7ff,
+	0x1f80c, 0x1f80f,
+	0x1f848, 0x1f84f,
+	0x1f85a, 0x1f85f,
+	0x1f888, 0x1f88f,
+	0x1f8ae, 0x1f8af,
+	0x1f8b2, 0x1f8ff,
+	0x1fa54, 0x1fa5f,
+	0x1fa6e, 0x1fa6f,
+	0x1fa7d, 0x1fa7f,
+	0x1fa89, 0x1fa8f,
+	0x1fabe, 0x1fabe,
+	0x1fac6, 0x1facd,
+	0x1fadc, 0x1fadf,
+	0x1fae9, 0x1faef,
+	0x1faf9, 0x1faff,
+	0x1fb93, 0x1fb93,
+	0x1fbcb, 0x1fbef,
+	0x1fbfa, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
+	0x2b73a, 0x2b73f,
+	0x2b81e, 0x2b81f,
+	0x2cea2, 0x2ceaf,
+	0x2ebe1, 0x2f7ff,
+	0x2fa1e, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3134b, 0x3134f,
+	0x323b0, 0xe0000,
+	0xe0002, 0xe001f,
+	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
+	0xe01f0, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Unknown */
+
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+/* 'Age_1_1': Derived Age 1.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_1_1[] = {
+	288,
+	0x0000, 0x01f5,
+	0x01fa, 0x0217,
+	0x0250, 0x02a8,
+	0x02b0, 0x02de,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e9,
+	0x0300, 0x0345,
+	0x0360, 0x0361,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d6,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03f3,
+	0x0401, 0x040c,
+	0x040e, 0x044f,
+	0x0451, 0x045c,
+	0x045e, 0x0486,
+	0x0490, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
+	0x04d0, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ee, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x0589,
+	0x05b0, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c3,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0652,
+	0x0660, 0x066d,
+	0x0670, 0x06b7,
+	0x06ba, 0x06be,
+	0x06c0, 0x06ce,
+	0x06d0, 0x06ed,
+	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
+	0x0901, 0x0903,
+	0x0905, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
+	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9a,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x202e,
+	0x2030, 0x2046,
+	0x206a, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20aa,
+	0x20d0, 0x20e1,
+	0x2100, 0x2138,
+	0x2153, 0x2182,
+	0x2190, 0x21ea,
+	0x2200, 0x22f1,
+	0x2300, 0x2300,
+	0x2302, 0x237a,
+	0x2400, 0x2424,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x24ea,
+	0x2500, 0x2595,
+	0x25a0, 0x25ef,
+	0x2600, 0x2613,
+	0x261a, 0x266f,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2767,
+	0x2776, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x3000, 0x3037,
+	0x303f, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3094,
+	0x3099, 0x309e,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x319f,
+	0x3200, 0x321c,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3260, 0x327b,
+	0x327f, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3376,
+	0x337b, 0x33dd,
+	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
+	0xe000, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
+	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xff5e,
+	0xff61, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfffd, 0xffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_1_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_2_0': Derived Age 2.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_2_0[] = {
+	312,
+	0x0000, 0x01f5,
+	0x01fa, 0x0217,
+	0x0250, 0x02a8,
+	0x02b0, 0x02de,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e9,
+	0x0300, 0x0345,
+	0x0360, 0x0361,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d6,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03f3,
+	0x0401, 0x040c,
+	0x040e, 0x044f,
+	0x0451, 0x045c,
+	0x045e, 0x0486,
+	0x0490, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
+	0x04d0, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ee, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x0589,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0652,
+	0x0660, 0x066d,
+	0x0670, 0x06b7,
+	0x06ba, 0x06be,
+	0x06c0, 0x06ce,
+	0x06d0, 0x06ed,
+	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
+	0x0901, 0x0903,
+	0x0905, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
+	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f69,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f95,
+	0x0f97, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fad,
+	0x0fb1, 0x0fb7,
+	0x0fb9, 0x0fb9,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x202e,
+	0x2030, 0x2046,
+	0x206a, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20ab,
+	0x20d0, 0x20e1,
+	0x2100, 0x2138,
+	0x2153, 0x2182,
+	0x2190, 0x21ea,
+	0x2200, 0x22f1,
+	0x2300, 0x2300,
+	0x2302, 0x237a,
+	0x2400, 0x2424,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x24ea,
+	0x2500, 0x2595,
+	0x25a0, 0x25ef,
+	0x2600, 0x2613,
+	0x261a, 0x266f,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2767,
+	0x2776, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x3000, 0x3037,
+	0x303f, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3094,
+	0x3099, 0x309e,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x319f,
+	0x3200, 0x321c,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3260, 0x327b,
+	0x327f, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3376,
+	0x337b, 0x33dd,
+	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
+	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xff5e,
+	0xff61, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfffd, 0xffff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_2_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_2_1': Derived Age 2.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_2_1[] = {
+	312,
+	0x0000, 0x01f5,
+	0x01fa, 0x0217,
+	0x0250, 0x02a8,
+	0x02b0, 0x02de,
+	0x02e0, 0x02e9,
+	0x0300, 0x0345,
+	0x0360, 0x0361,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d6,
+	0x03da, 0x03da,
+	0x03dc, 0x03dc,
+	0x03de, 0x03de,
+	0x03e0, 0x03e0,
+	0x03e2, 0x03f3,
+	0x0401, 0x040c,
+	0x040e, 0x044f,
+	0x0451, 0x045c,
+	0x045e, 0x0486,
+	0x0490, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
+	0x04d0, 0x04eb,
+	0x04ee, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x0589,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0652,
+	0x0660, 0x066d,
+	0x0670, 0x06b7,
+	0x06ba, 0x06be,
+	0x06c0, 0x06ce,
+	0x06d0, 0x06ed,
+	0x06f0, 0x06f9,
+	0x0901, 0x0903,
+	0x0905, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
+	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f69,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f95,
+	0x0f97, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fad,
+	0x0fb1, 0x0fb7,
+	0x0fb9, 0x0fb9,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x202e,
+	0x2030, 0x2046,
+	0x206a, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20ac,
+	0x20d0, 0x20e1,
+	0x2100, 0x2138,
+	0x2153, 0x2182,
+	0x2190, 0x21ea,
+	0x2200, 0x22f1,
+	0x2300, 0x2300,
+	0x2302, 0x237a,
+	0x2400, 0x2424,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x24ea,
+	0x2500, 0x2595,
+	0x25a0, 0x25ef,
+	0x2600, 0x2613,
+	0x261a, 0x266f,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2767,
+	0x2776, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x3000, 0x3037,
+	0x303f, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3094,
+	0x3099, 0x309e,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x319f,
+	0x3200, 0x321c,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3260, 0x327b,
+	0x327f, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3376,
+	0x337b, 0x33dd,
+	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
+	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xff5e,
+	0xff61, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfffc, 0xffff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_2_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_3_0': Derived Age 3.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_3_0[] = {
+	369,
+	0x0000, 0x021f,
+	0x0222, 0x0233,
+	0x0250, 0x02ad,
+	0x02b0, 0x02ee,
+	0x0300, 0x034e,
+	0x0360, 0x0362,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d7,
+	0x03da, 0x03f3,
+	0x0400, 0x0486,
+	0x0488, 0x0489,
+	0x048c, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
+	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0655,
+	0x0660, 0x066d,
+	0x0670, 0x06ed,
+	0x06f0, 0x06fe,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x072c,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x0780, 0x07b0,
+	0x0901, 0x0903,
+	0x0905, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
+	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
+	0x1000, 0x1021,
+	0x1023, 0x1027,
+	0x1029, 0x102a,
+	0x102c, 0x1032,
+	0x1036, 0x1039,
+	0x1040, 0x1059,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1206,
+	0x1208, 0x1246,
+	0x1248, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1286,
+	0x1288, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12ae,
+	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
+	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
+	0x12f0, 0x130e,
+	0x1310, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x131e,
+	0x1320, 0x1346,
+	0x1348, 0x135a,
+	0x1361, 0x137c,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1780, 0x17dc,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18a9,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2046,
+	0x2048, 0x204d,
+	0x206a, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20af,
+	0x20d0, 0x20e3,
+	0x2100, 0x213a,
+	0x2153, 0x2183,
+	0x2190, 0x21f3,
+	0x2200, 0x22f1,
+	0x2300, 0x237b,
+	0x237d, 0x239a,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x24ea,
+	0x2500, 0x2595,
+	0x25a0, 0x25f7,
+	0x2600, 0x2613,
+	0x2619, 0x2671,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2767,
+	0x2776, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x2800, 0x28ff,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303a,
+	0x303e, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3094,
+	0x3099, 0x309e,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x3200, 0x321c,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3260, 0x327b,
+	0x327f, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3376,
+	0x337b, 0x33dd,
+	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
+	0x3400, 0x4db5,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4a1,
+	0xa4a4, 0xa4b3,
+	0xa4b5, 0xa4c0,
+	0xa4c2, 0xa4c4,
+	0xa4c6, 0xa4c6,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdf0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
+	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xff5e,
+	0xff61, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xffff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_3_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_3_1': Derived Age 3.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_3_1[] = {
+	402,
+	0x0000, 0x021f,
+	0x0222, 0x0233,
+	0x0250, 0x02ad,
+	0x02b0, 0x02ee,
+	0x0300, 0x034e,
+	0x0360, 0x0362,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03d7,
+	0x03da, 0x03f5,
+	0x0400, 0x0486,
+	0x0488, 0x0489,
+	0x048c, 0x04c4,
+	0x04c7, 0x04c8,
+	0x04cb, 0x04cc,
+	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0655,
+	0x0660, 0x066d,
+	0x0670, 0x06ed,
+	0x06f0, 0x06fe,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x072c,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x0780, 0x07b0,
+	0x0901, 0x0903,
+	0x0905, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
+	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
+	0x1000, 0x1021,
+	0x1023, 0x1027,
+	0x1029, 0x102a,
+	0x102c, 0x1032,
+	0x1036, 0x1039,
+	0x1040, 0x1059,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f6,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1206,
+	0x1208, 0x1246,
+	0x1248, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1286,
+	0x1288, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12ae,
+	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
+	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
+	0x12f0, 0x130e,
+	0x1310, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x131e,
+	0x1320, 0x1346,
+	0x1348, 0x135a,
+	0x1361, 0x137c,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1780, 0x17dc,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18a9,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2046,
+	0x2048, 0x204d,
+	0x206a, 0x2070,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20af,
+	0x20d0, 0x20e3,
+	0x2100, 0x213a,
+	0x2153, 0x2183,
+	0x2190, 0x21f3,
+	0x2200, 0x22f1,
+	0x2300, 0x237b,
+	0x237d, 0x239a,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x24ea,
+	0x2500, 0x2595,
+	0x25a0, 0x25f7,
+	0x2600, 0x2613,
+	0x2619, 0x2671,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2767,
+	0x2776, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x2800, 0x28ff,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303a,
+	0x303e, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3094,
+	0x3099, 0x309e,
+	0x30a1, 0x30fe,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x3200, 0x321c,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3260, 0x327b,
+	0x327f, 0x32b0,
+	0x32c0, 0x32cb,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3376,
+	0x337b, 0x33dd,
+	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
+	0x3400, 0x4db5,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4a1,
+	0xa4a4, 0xa4b3,
+	0xa4b5, 0xa4c0,
+	0xa4c2, 0xa4c4,
+	0xa4c6, 0xa4c6,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfb,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe44,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe72,
+	0xfe74, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xff5e,
+	0xff61, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xffff,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10400, 0x10425,
+	0x10428, 0x1044d,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c0,
+	0x1d4c2, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a3,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_3_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_3_2': Derived Age 3.2 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_3_2[] = {
+	397,
+	0x0000, 0x0220,
+	0x0222, 0x0233,
+	0x0250, 0x02ad,
+	0x02b0, 0x02ee,
+	0x0300, 0x034f,
+	0x0360, 0x036f,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03f6,
+	0x0400, 0x0486,
+	0x0488, 0x04ce,
+	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0500, 0x050f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x060c, 0x060c,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0655,
+	0x0660, 0x06ed,
+	0x06f0, 0x06fe,
+	0x0700, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x072c,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x0780, 0x07b1,
+	0x0901, 0x0903,
+	0x0905, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a02, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8b,
+	0x0a8d, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae0,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b36, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b70,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bf2,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
+	0x1000, 0x1021,
+	0x1023, 0x1027,
+	0x1029, 0x102a,
+	0x102c, 0x1032,
+	0x1036, 0x1039,
+	0x1040, 0x1059,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f8,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1206,
+	0x1208, 0x1246,
+	0x1248, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1286,
+	0x1288, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12ae,
+	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
+	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
+	0x12f0, 0x130e,
+	0x1310, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x131e,
+	0x1320, 0x1346,
+	0x1348, 0x135a,
+	0x1361, 0x137c,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dc,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18a9,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2052,
+	0x2057, 0x2057,
+	0x205f, 0x2063,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b1,
+	0x20d0, 0x20ea,
+	0x2100, 0x213a,
+	0x213d, 0x214b,
+	0x2153, 0x2183,
+	0x2190, 0x23ce,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x24fe,
+	0x2500, 0x2613,
+	0x2616, 0x2617,
+	0x2619, 0x267d,
+	0x2680, 0x2689,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
+	0x27f0, 0x2aff,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x31f0, 0x321c,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3251, 0x327b,
+	0x327f, 0x32cb,
+	0x32d0, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x3376,
+	0x337b, 0x33dd,
+	0x33e0, 0x33fe,
+	0x3400, 0x4db5,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fa5,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfc,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe46,
+	0xfe49, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0xffff,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10400, 0x10425,
+	0x10428, 0x1044d,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c0,
+	0x1d4c2, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a3,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_3_2 */
+
+/* 'Age_4_0': Derived Age 4.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_4_0[] = {
+	412,
+	0x0000, 0x0236,
+	0x0250, 0x0357,
+	0x035d, 0x036f,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x03fb,
+	0x0400, 0x0486,
+	0x0488, 0x04ce,
+	0x04d0, 0x04f5,
+	0x04f8, 0x04f9,
+	0x0500, 0x050f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05a1,
+	0x05a3, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c4,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0603,
+	0x060c, 0x0615,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061f, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x0658,
+	0x0660, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x074f,
+	0x0780, 0x07b1,
+	0x0901, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb5,
+	0x0bb7, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be7, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fcf, 0x0fcf,
+	0x1000, 0x1021,
+	0x1023, 0x1027,
+	0x1029, 0x102a,
+	0x102c, 0x1032,
+	0x1036, 0x1039,
+	0x1040, 0x1059,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10f8,
+	0x10fb, 0x10fb,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1206,
+	0x1208, 0x1246,
+	0x1248, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1286,
+	0x1288, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12ae,
+	0x12b0, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12ce,
+	0x12d0, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x12ee,
+	0x12f0, 0x130e,
+	0x1310, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x131e,
+	0x1320, 0x1346,
+	0x1348, 0x135a,
+	0x1361, 0x137c,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18a9,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x19e0, 0x19ff,
+	0x1d00, 0x1d6b,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2054,
+	0x2057, 0x2057,
+	0x205f, 0x2063,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b1,
+	0x20d0, 0x20ea,
+	0x2100, 0x213b,
+	0x213d, 0x214b,
+	0x2153, 0x2183,
+	0x2190, 0x23d0,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2617,
+	0x2619, 0x267d,
+	0x2680, 0x2691,
+	0x26a0, 0x26a1,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
+	0x27f0, 0x2b0d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3250, 0x327d,
+	0x327f, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fa5,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1013f,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x1039f,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a3,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_4_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_4_1': Derived Age 4.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_4_1[] = {
+	430,
+	0x0000, 0x0241,
+	0x0250, 0x036f,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037a,
+	0x037e, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x0486,
+	0x0488, 0x04ce,
+	0x04d0, 0x04f9,
+	0x0500, 0x050f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05b9,
+	0x05bb, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0603,
+	0x060b, 0x0615,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x065e,
+	0x0660, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x076d,
+	0x0780, 0x07b1,
+	0x0901, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x097d, 0x097d,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce1,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fcf, 0x0fd1,
+	0x1000, 0x1021,
+	0x1023, 0x1027,
+	0x1029, 0x102a,
+	0x102c, 0x1032,
+	0x1036, 0x1039,
+	0x1040, 0x1059,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135f, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18a9,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19a9,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dc3,
+	0x1e00, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2063,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x2094,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b5,
+	0x20d0, 0x20eb,
+	0x2100, 0x214c,
+	0x2153, 0x2183,
+	0x2190, 0x23db,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x269c,
+	0x26a0, 0x26b1,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x27c0, 0x27c6,
+	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
+	0x27f0, 0x2b13,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c80, 0x2cea,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e17,
+	0x2e1c, 0x2e1d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x31c0, 0x31cf,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3250, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fbb,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa700, 0xa716,
+	0xa800, 0xa82b,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7c9,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_4_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_5_0': Derived Age 5.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_5_0[] = {
+	440,
+	0x0000, 0x036f,
+	0x0374, 0x0375,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x03ce,
+	0x03d0, 0x0486,
+	0x0488, 0x0513,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0603,
+	0x060b, 0x0615,
+	0x061b, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x063a,
+	0x0640, 0x065e,
+	0x0660, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x076d,
+	0x0780, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0901, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0970,
+	0x097b, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a74,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b43,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b61,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c61,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d43,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d61,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d6f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6a,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fcf, 0x0fd1,
+	0x1000, 0x1021,
+	0x1023, 0x1027,
+	0x1029, 0x102a,
+	0x102c, 0x1032,
+	0x1036, 0x1039,
+	0x1040, 0x1059,
+	0x10a0, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135f, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18a9,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19a9,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1d00, 0x1dca,
+	0x1dfe, 0x1e9b,
+	0x1ea0, 0x1ef9,
+	0x1f00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2063,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x2094,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b5,
+	0x20d0, 0x20ef,
+	0x2100, 0x214e,
+	0x2153, 0x2184,
+	0x2190, 0x23e7,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x269c,
+	0x26a0, 0x26b2,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x27c0, 0x27ca,
+	0x27d0, 0x27eb,
+	0x27f0, 0x2b1a,
+	0x2b20, 0x2b23,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c6c,
+	0x2c74, 0x2c77,
+	0x2c80, 0x2cea,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e17,
+	0x2e1c, 0x2e1d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312c,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x31c0, 0x31cf,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3250, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fbb,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa700, 0xa71a,
+	0xa720, 0xa721,
+	0xa800, 0xa82b,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe23,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
+	0x10900, 0x10919,
+	0x1091f, 0x1091f,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d12a, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_5_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_5_1': Derived Age 5.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_5_1[] = {
+	455,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0523,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0603,
+	0x0606, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x065e,
+	0x0660, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0901, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094d,
+	0x0950, 0x0954,
+	0x0958, 0x0972,
+	0x097b, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fa,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fd4,
+	0x1000, 0x1099,
+	0x109e, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
+	0x1100, 0x1159,
+	0x115f, 0x11a2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11f9,
+	0x1200, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135f, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1401, 0x1676,
+	0x1680, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19a9,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19d9,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a1f,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1baa,
+	0x1bae, 0x1bb9,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
+	0x1dfe, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x2094,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b5,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x214f,
+	0x2153, 0x2188,
+	0x2190, 0x23e7,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x269d,
+	0x26a0, 0x26bc,
+	0x26c0, 0x26c3,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x2756,
+	0x2758, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x27c0, 0x27ca,
+	0x27cc, 0x27cc,
+	0x27d0, 0x2b4c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b54,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c6f,
+	0x2c71, 0x2c7d,
+	0x2c80, 0x2cea,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e30,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x3243,
+	0x3250, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fc3,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa500, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa65f,
+	0xa662, 0xa673,
+	0xa67c, 0xa697,
+	0xa700, 0xa78c,
+	0xa7fb, 0xa82b,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa95f,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa5f,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6a,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x1083f,
+	0x10900, 0x10919,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_5_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_5_2': Derived Age 5.2 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_5_2[] = {
+	495,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0525,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0603,
+	0x0606, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x061f,
+	0x0621, 0x065e,
+	0x0660, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0900, 0x0939,
+	0x093c, 0x094e,
+	0x0950, 0x0955,
+	0x0958, 0x0972,
+	0x0979, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b71,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d28,
+	0x0d2a, 0x0d39,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f8b,
+	0x0f90, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fd8,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
+	0x1100, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135f, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1baa,
+	0x1bae, 0x1bb9,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf2,
+	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
+	0x1dfd, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x2094,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b8,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x2189,
+	0x2190, 0x23e8,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x26cd,
+	0x26cf, 0x26e1,
+	0x26e3, 0x26e3,
+	0x26e8, 0x26ff,
+	0x2701, 0x2704,
+	0x2706, 0x2709,
+	0x270c, 0x2727,
+	0x2729, 0x274b,
+	0x274d, 0x274d,
+	0x274f, 0x2752,
+	0x2756, 0x275e,
+	0x2761, 0x2794,
+	0x2798, 0x27af,
+	0x27b1, 0x27be,
+	0x27c0, 0x27ca,
+	0x27cc, 0x27cc,
+	0x27d0, 0x2b4c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d6f,
+	0x2d80, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e31,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31b7,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fcb,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa65f,
+	0xa662, 0xa673,
+	0xa67c, 0xa697,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa78c,
+	0xa7fb, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadf,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbb1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1085f,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11080, 0x110c1,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f131, 0x1f131,
+	0x1f13d, 0x1f13d,
+	0x1f13f, 0x1f13f,
+	0x1f142, 0x1f142,
+	0x1f146, 0x1f146,
+	0x1f14a, 0x1f14e,
+	0x1f157, 0x1f157,
+	0x1f15f, 0x1f15f,
+	0x1f179, 0x1f179,
+	0x1f17b, 0x1f17c,
+	0x1f17f, 0x1f17f,
+	0x1f18a, 0x1f18d,
+	0x1f190, 0x1f190,
+	0x1f200, 0x1f200,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f231,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_5_2 */
+
+/* 'Age_6_0': Derived Age 6.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_0[] = {
+	511,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0527,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0603,
+	0x0606, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0900, 0x0977,
+	0x0979, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0aef,
+	0x0af1, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edd,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10d0, 0x10fc,
+	0x1100, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1baa,
+	0x1bae, 0x1bb9,
+	0x1bc0, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf2,
+	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
+	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b9,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x2189,
+	0x2190, 0x23f3,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x26ff,
+	0x2701, 0x27ca,
+	0x27cc, 0x27cc,
+	0x27ce, 0x2b4c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d65,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e31,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fcb,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa673,
+	0xa67c, 0xa697,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa791,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7a9,
+	0xa7fa, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaadf,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa2d,
+	0xfa30, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1085f,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x11080, 0x110c1,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f169,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
+	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
+	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
+	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
+	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
+	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
+	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
+	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
+	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
+	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
+	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
+	0x1f5fb, 0x1f5ff,
+	0x1f601, 0x1f610,
+	0x1f612, 0x1f614,
+	0x1f616, 0x1f616,
+	0x1f618, 0x1f618,
+	0x1f61a, 0x1f61a,
+	0x1f61c, 0x1f61e,
+	0x1f620, 0x1f625,
+	0x1f628, 0x1f62b,
+	0x1f62d, 0x1f62d,
+	0x1f630, 0x1f633,
+	0x1f635, 0x1f640,
+	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_6_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_6_1': Derived Age 6.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_1[] = {
+	549,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0527,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058f, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0604,
+	0x0606, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08a0,
+	0x08a2, 0x08ac,
+	0x08e4, 0x08fe,
+	0x0900, 0x0977,
+	0x0979, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
+	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20b9,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x2189,
+	0x2190, 0x23f3,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x26ff,
+	0x2701, 0x2b4c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e3b,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa697,
+	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa793,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7aa,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1085f,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x11080, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11180, 0x111c8,
+	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
+	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
+	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
+	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
+	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
+	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
+	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
+	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
+	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
+	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
+	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f540, 0x1f543,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
+	0x1f5fb, 0x1f640,
+	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_6_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_6_2': Derived Age 6.2 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_2[] = {
+	549,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0527,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058f, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0604,
+	0x0606, 0x061b,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08a0,
+	0x08a2, 0x08ac,
+	0x08e4, 0x08fe,
+	0x0900, 0x0977,
+	0x0979, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
+	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x206a, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20ba,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x2189,
+	0x2190, 0x23f3,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x26ff,
+	0x2701, 0x2b4c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e3b,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa697,
+	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa793,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7aa,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1085f,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x11080, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11180, 0x111c8,
+	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
+	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
+	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
+	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
+	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
+	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
+	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
+	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
+	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
+	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
+	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f540, 0x1f543,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
+	0x1f5fb, 0x1f640,
+	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_6_2 */
+
+/* 'Age_6_3': Derived Age 6.3 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_6_3[] = {
+	549,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037e,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x0527,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058f, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x0604,
+	0x0606, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08a0,
+	0x08a2, 0x08ac,
+	0x08e4, 0x08fe,
+	0x0900, 0x0977,
+	0x0979, 0x097f,
+	0x0981, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c33,
+	0x0c35, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f0,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191c,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1d00, 0x1de6,
+	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20ba,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x2189,
+	0x2190, 0x23f3,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x26ff,
+	0x2701, 0x2b4c,
+	0x2b50, 0x2b59,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e3b,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa697,
+	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa793,
+	0xa7a0, 0xa7aa,
+	0xa7f8, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9df,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaa7b,
+	0xaa80, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe26,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018a,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x10300, 0x1031e,
+	0x10320, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1085f,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a7f,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b7f,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x11080, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11180, 0x111c8,
+	0x111d0, 0x111d9,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x12000, 0x1236e,
+	0x12400, 0x12462,
+	0x12470, 0x12473,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0be,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0df,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10a,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f320,
+	0x1f330, 0x1f335,
+	0x1f337, 0x1f37c,
+	0x1f380, 0x1f393,
+	0x1f3a0, 0x1f3c4,
+	0x1f3c6, 0x1f3ca,
+	0x1f3e0, 0x1f3f0,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f43e,
+	0x1f440, 0x1f440,
+	0x1f442, 0x1f4f7,
+	0x1f4f9, 0x1f4fc,
+	0x1f500, 0x1f53d,
+	0x1f540, 0x1f543,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f567,
+	0x1f5fb, 0x1f640,
+	0x1f645, 0x1f64f,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6c5,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_6_3 */
+
+/* 'Age_7_0': Derived Age 7.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_7_0[] = {
+	610,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b2,
+	0x08e4, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c59,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d01, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d60, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f4,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df5,
+	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20bd,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x2189,
+	0x2190, 0x23fa,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
+	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
+	0x2bca, 0x2bd1,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e42,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fcc,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa69d,
+	0xa69f, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa78e,
+	0xa790, 0xa7ad,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b1,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fb,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab5f,
+	0xab64, 0xab65,
+	0xabc0, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2d,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018c,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x10900, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109be, 0x109bf,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111c8,
+	0x111cd, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111da,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123d,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11301, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133c, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115c9,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x12000, 0x12398,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1dd,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1d7ff,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f32c,
+	0x1f330, 0x1f37d,
+	0x1f380, 0x1f3ce,
+	0x1f3d4, 0x1f3f7,
+	0x1f400, 0x1f4fe,
+	0x1f500, 0x1f54a,
+	0x1f550, 0x1f579,
+	0x1f57b, 0x1f5a3,
+	0x1f5a5, 0x1f642,
+	0x1f645, 0x1f6cf,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f3,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_7_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_8_0': Derived Age 8.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_8_0[] = {
+	623,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08e3, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c7f,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d01, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4e,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d5f, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d75,
+	0x0d79, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c7f,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df5,
+	0x1dfc, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20be,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x23fa,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
+	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
+	0x2bca, 0x2bd1,
+	0x2bec, 0x2bef,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e42,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fd5,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ad,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c4,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fd,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab65,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018c,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123d,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133c, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x11719,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f19a,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23a,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f579,
+	0x1f57b, 0x1f5a3,
+	0x1f5a5, 0x1f6d0,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f3,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f910, 0x1f918,
+	0x1f980, 0x1f984,
+	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c0,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_8_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_9_0': Derived Age 9.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_9_0[] = {
+	648,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
+	0x08d4, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fb,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0af9,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d01, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d3a,
+	0x0d3d, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf6,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df5,
+	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20be,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x23fe,
+	0x2400, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
+	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
+	0x2bca, 0x2bd1,
+	0x2bec, 0x2bef,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e44,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312d,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fd5,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fd,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab65,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x10330, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133c, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x11459,
+	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x11719,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe0,
+	0x17000, 0x187ec,
+	0x18800, 0x18af2,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b001,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94a,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d2,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f6,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f910, 0x1f91e,
+	0x1f920, 0x1f927,
+	0x1f930, 0x1f930,
+	0x1f933, 0x1f93e,
+	0x1f940, 0x1f94b,
+	0x1f950, 0x1f95e,
+	0x1f980, 0x1f991,
+	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c0,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_9_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_10_0': Derived Age 10.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_10_0[] = {
+	659,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x055f,
+	0x0561, 0x0587,
+	0x0589, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05f0, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x0800, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
+	0x08d4, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fd,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c05, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c83,
+	0x0c85, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1877,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
+	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2bb9,
+	0x2bbd, 0x2bc8,
+	0x2bca, 0x2bd2,
+	0x2bec, 0x2bef,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e49,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312e,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fea,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ae,
+	0xa7b0, 0xa7b7,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8fd,
+	0xa900, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab65,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a33,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a47,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10cff,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11143,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133c, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x11459,
+	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145d,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x11719,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a83,
+	0x11a86, 0x11a9c,
+	0x11a9e, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x17000, 0x187ec,
+	0x18800, 0x18af2,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d371,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94a,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f12e,
+	0x1f130, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d4,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f8,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d4,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
+	0x1f910, 0x1f93e,
+	0x1f940, 0x1f94c,
+	0x1f950, 0x1f96b,
+	0x1f980, 0x1f997,
+	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c0,
+	0x1f9d0, 0x1f9e6,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_10_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_11_0': Derived Age 11.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_11_0[] = {
+	668,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
+	0x08d3, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c78, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e87, 0x0e88,
+	0x0e8a, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8d, 0x0e8d,
+	0x0e94, 0x0e97,
+	0x0e99, 0x0e9f,
+	0x0ea1, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ea7,
+	0x0eaa, 0x0eab,
+	0x0ead, 0x0eb9,
+	0x0ebb, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
+	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2bc8,
+	0x2bca, 0x2bfe,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e4e,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fef,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7b9,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab65,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11146,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x11459,
+	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145e,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b7,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11a83,
+	0x11a86, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x12000, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f44,
+	0x16f50, 0x16f7e,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f1,
+	0x18800, 0x18af2,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94a,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f16b,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d4,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6f9,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
+	0x1f910, 0x1f93e,
+	0x1f940, 0x1f970,
+	0x1f973, 0x1f976,
+	0x1f97a, 0x1f97a,
+	0x1f97c, 0x1f9a2,
+	0x1f9b0, 0x1f9b9,
+	0x1f9c0, 0x1f9c2,
+	0x1f9d0, 0x1f9ff,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_11_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_12_0': Derived Age 12.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_12_0[] = {
+	677,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
+	0x08d3, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
+	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e4f,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x32fe,
+	0x3300, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fef,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7c6,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab67,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11146,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x11459,
+	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145f,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x13430, 0x13438,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe3,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18af2,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f16c,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d5,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fa,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
+	0x1f90d, 0x1f971,
+	0x1f973, 0x1f976,
+	0x1f97a, 0x1f9a2,
+	0x1f9a5, 0x1f9aa,
+	0x1f9ae, 0x1f9ca,
+	0x1f9cd, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa73,
+	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7a,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa82,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fa95,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_12_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_12_1': Derived Age 12.1 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_12_1[] = {
+	676,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08b6, 0x08bd,
+	0x08d3, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b56, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d05, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1abe,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
+	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b98, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e4f,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31ba,
+	0x31c0, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x4db5,
+	0x4dc0, 0x9fef,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7c6,
+	0xa7f7, 0xa82b,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab67,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019b,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11146,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111cd,
+	0x111d0, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x11459,
+	0x1145b, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x1145f,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x118ff,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x13430, 0x13438,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe3,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18af2,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f10c,
+	0x1f110, 0x1f16c,
+	0x1f170, 0x1f1ac,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d5,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fa,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f900, 0x1f90b,
+	0x1f90d, 0x1f971,
+	0x1f973, 0x1f976,
+	0x1f97a, 0x1f9a2,
+	0x1f9a5, 0x1f9aa,
+	0x1f9ae, 0x1f9ca,
+	0x1f9cd, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa73,
+	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7a,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa82,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fa95,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6d6,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x2ffff,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_12_1 */
+
+/* 'Age_13_0': Derived Age 13.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_13_0[] = {
+	686,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x061c,
+	0x061e, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x08a0, 0x08b4,
+	0x08b6, 0x08c7,
+	0x08d3, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3d, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cde, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x170c,
+	0x170e, 0x1714,
+	0x1720, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x180e,
+	0x1810, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ac0,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4b,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7c,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1df9,
+	0x1dfb, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20bf,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2c2e,
+	0x2c30, 0x2c5e,
+	0x2c60, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e52,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0x9ffc,
+	0xa000, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7bf,
+	0xa7c2, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7f5, 0xa82c,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc1,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd3f,
+	0xfd50, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdd0, 0xfdfd,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1056f,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x1106f,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c1,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b8,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x1173f,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x13430, 0x13438,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16a6f,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b11e,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1e8,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6e0, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1f978,
+	0x1f97a, 0x1f9cb,
+	0x1f9cd, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
+	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7a,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1faa8,
+	0x1fab0, 0x1fab6,
+	0x1fac0, 0x1fac2,
+	0x1fad0, 0x1fad6,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6dd,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b734,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x3134a,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_13_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_14_0': Derived Age 14.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_14_0[] = {
+	706,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf2,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ecd,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x1123e,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+	0x13000, 0x1342e,
+	0x13430, 0x13438,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dd, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f773,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7d8,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa74,
+	0x1fa78, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa86,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1faac,
+	0x1fab0, 0x1faba,
+	0x1fac0, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1fad0, 0x1fad9,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae7,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf6,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b738,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x3134a,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_14_0 */
+
+/* 'Age_15_0': Derived Age 15.0 */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Age_15_0[] = {
+	715,
+	0x0000, 0x0377,
+	0x037a, 0x037f,
+	0x0384, 0x038a,
+	0x038c, 0x038c,
+	0x038e, 0x03a1,
+	0x03a3, 0x052f,
+	0x0531, 0x0556,
+	0x0559, 0x058a,
+	0x058d, 0x058f,
+	0x0591, 0x05c7,
+	0x05d0, 0x05ea,
+	0x05ef, 0x05f4,
+	0x0600, 0x070d,
+	0x070f, 0x074a,
+	0x074d, 0x07b1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07fa,
+	0x07fd, 0x082d,
+	0x0830, 0x083e,
+	0x0840, 0x085b,
+	0x085e, 0x085e,
+	0x0860, 0x086a,
+	0x0870, 0x088e,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x0898, 0x0983,
+	0x0985, 0x098c,
+	0x098f, 0x0990,
+	0x0993, 0x09a8,
+	0x09aa, 0x09b0,
+	0x09b2, 0x09b2,
+	0x09b6, 0x09b9,
+	0x09bc, 0x09c4,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09ce,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09dc, 0x09dd,
+	0x09df, 0x09e3,
+	0x09e6, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a05, 0x0a0a,
+	0x0a0f, 0x0a10,
+	0x0a13, 0x0a28,
+	0x0a2a, 0x0a30,
+	0x0a32, 0x0a33,
+	0x0a35, 0x0a36,
+	0x0a38, 0x0a39,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a59, 0x0a5c,
+	0x0a5e, 0x0a5e,
+	0x0a66, 0x0a76,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a83,
+	0x0a85, 0x0a8d,
+	0x0a8f, 0x0a91,
+	0x0a93, 0x0aa8,
+	0x0aaa, 0x0ab0,
+	0x0ab2, 0x0ab3,
+	0x0ab5, 0x0ab9,
+	0x0abc, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ad0, 0x0ad0,
+	0x0ae0, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0ae6, 0x0af1,
+	0x0af9, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b05, 0x0b0c,
+	0x0b0f, 0x0b10,
+	0x0b13, 0x0b28,
+	0x0b2a, 0x0b30,
+	0x0b32, 0x0b33,
+	0x0b35, 0x0b39,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b5c, 0x0b5d,
+	0x0b5f, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b66, 0x0b77,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b83,
+	0x0b85, 0x0b8a,
+	0x0b8e, 0x0b90,
+	0x0b92, 0x0b95,
+	0x0b99, 0x0b9a,
+	0x0b9c, 0x0b9c,
+	0x0b9e, 0x0b9f,
+	0x0ba3, 0x0ba4,
+	0x0ba8, 0x0baa,
+	0x0bae, 0x0bb9,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd0, 0x0bd0,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0be6, 0x0bfa,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c0c,
+	0x0c0e, 0x0c10,
+	0x0c12, 0x0c28,
+	0x0c2a, 0x0c39,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c58, 0x0c5a,
+	0x0c5d, 0x0c5d,
+	0x0c60, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c66, 0x0c6f,
+	0x0c77, 0x0c8c,
+	0x0c8e, 0x0c90,
+	0x0c92, 0x0ca8,
+	0x0caa, 0x0cb3,
+	0x0cb5, 0x0cb9,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0cdd, 0x0cde,
+	0x0ce0, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0ce6, 0x0cef,
+	0x0cf1, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d0c,
+	0x0d0e, 0x0d10,
+	0x0d12, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4f,
+	0x0d54, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d66, 0x0d7f,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d83,
+	0x0d85, 0x0d96,
+	0x0d9a, 0x0db1,
+	0x0db3, 0x0dbb,
+	0x0dbd, 0x0dbd,
+	0x0dc0, 0x0dc6,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0de6, 0x0def,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df4,
+	0x0e01, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e3f, 0x0e5b,
+	0x0e81, 0x0e82,
+	0x0e84, 0x0e84,
+	0x0e86, 0x0e8a,
+	0x0e8c, 0x0ea3,
+	0x0ea5, 0x0ea5,
+	0x0ea7, 0x0ebd,
+	0x0ec0, 0x0ec4,
+	0x0ec6, 0x0ec6,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0ed0, 0x0ed9,
+	0x0edc, 0x0edf,
+	0x0f00, 0x0f47,
+	0x0f49, 0x0f6c,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fbe, 0x0fcc,
+	0x0fce, 0x0fda,
+	0x1000, 0x10c5,
+	0x10c7, 0x10c7,
+	0x10cd, 0x10cd,
+	0x10d0, 0x1248,
+	0x124a, 0x124d,
+	0x1250, 0x1256,
+	0x1258, 0x1258,
+	0x125a, 0x125d,
+	0x1260, 0x1288,
+	0x128a, 0x128d,
+	0x1290, 0x12b0,
+	0x12b2, 0x12b5,
+	0x12b8, 0x12be,
+	0x12c0, 0x12c0,
+	0x12c2, 0x12c5,
+	0x12c8, 0x12d6,
+	0x12d8, 0x1310,
+	0x1312, 0x1315,
+	0x1318, 0x135a,
+	0x135d, 0x137c,
+	0x1380, 0x1399,
+	0x13a0, 0x13f5,
+	0x13f8, 0x13fd,
+	0x1400, 0x169c,
+	0x16a0, 0x16f8,
+	0x1700, 0x1715,
+	0x171f, 0x1736,
+	0x1740, 0x1753,
+	0x1760, 0x176c,
+	0x176e, 0x1770,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x1780, 0x17dd,
+	0x17e0, 0x17e9,
+	0x17f0, 0x17f9,
+	0x1800, 0x1819,
+	0x1820, 0x1878,
+	0x1880, 0x18aa,
+	0x18b0, 0x18f5,
+	0x1900, 0x191e,
+	0x1920, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x193b,
+	0x1940, 0x1940,
+	0x1944, 0x196d,
+	0x1970, 0x1974,
+	0x1980, 0x19ab,
+	0x19b0, 0x19c9,
+	0x19d0, 0x19da,
+	0x19de, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a1e, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a89,
+	0x1a90, 0x1a99,
+	0x1aa0, 0x1aad,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b4c,
+	0x1b50, 0x1b7e,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1bfc, 0x1c37,
+	0x1c3b, 0x1c49,
+	0x1c4d, 0x1c88,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cba,
+	0x1cbd, 0x1cc7,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cfa,
+	0x1d00, 0x1f15,
+	0x1f18, 0x1f1d,
+	0x1f20, 0x1f45,
+	0x1f48, 0x1f4d,
+	0x1f50, 0x1f57,
+	0x1f59, 0x1f59,
+	0x1f5b, 0x1f5b,
+	0x1f5d, 0x1f5d,
+	0x1f5f, 0x1f7d,
+	0x1f80, 0x1fb4,
+	0x1fb6, 0x1fc4,
+	0x1fc6, 0x1fd3,
+	0x1fd6, 0x1fdb,
+	0x1fdd, 0x1fef,
+	0x1ff2, 0x1ff4,
+	0x1ff6, 0x1ffe,
+	0x2000, 0x2064,
+	0x2066, 0x2071,
+	0x2074, 0x208e,
+	0x2090, 0x209c,
+	0x20a0, 0x20c0,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2100, 0x218b,
+	0x2190, 0x2426,
+	0x2440, 0x244a,
+	0x2460, 0x2b73,
+	0x2b76, 0x2b95,
+	0x2b97, 0x2cf3,
+	0x2cf9, 0x2d25,
+	0x2d27, 0x2d27,
+	0x2d2d, 0x2d2d,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d67,
+	0x2d6f, 0x2d70,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d96,
+	0x2da0, 0x2da6,
+	0x2da8, 0x2dae,
+	0x2db0, 0x2db6,
+	0x2db8, 0x2dbe,
+	0x2dc0, 0x2dc6,
+	0x2dc8, 0x2dce,
+	0x2dd0, 0x2dd6,
+	0x2dd8, 0x2dde,
+	0x2de0, 0x2e5d,
+	0x2e80, 0x2e99,
+	0x2e9b, 0x2ef3,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fd5,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2ffb,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+	0x3041, 0x3096,
+	0x3099, 0x30ff,
+	0x3105, 0x312f,
+	0x3131, 0x318e,
+	0x3190, 0x31e3,
+	0x31f0, 0x321e,
+	0x3220, 0xa48c,
+	0xa490, 0xa4c6,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa62b,
+	0xa640, 0xa6f7,
+	0xa700, 0xa7ca,
+	0xa7d0, 0xa7d1,
+	0xa7d3, 0xa7d3,
+	0xa7d5, 0xa7d9,
+	0xa7f2, 0xa82c,
+	0xa830, 0xa839,
+	0xa840, 0xa877,
+	0xa880, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8ce, 0xa8d9,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa953,
+	0xa95f, 0xa97c,
+	0xa980, 0xa9cd,
+	0xa9cf, 0xa9d9,
+	0xa9de, 0xa9fe,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa40, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaa50, 0xaa59,
+	0xaa5c, 0xaac2,
+	0xaadb, 0xaaf6,
+	0xab01, 0xab06,
+	0xab09, 0xab0e,
+	0xab11, 0xab16,
+	0xab20, 0xab26,
+	0xab28, 0xab2e,
+	0xab30, 0xab6b,
+	0xab70, 0xabed,
+	0xabf0, 0xabf9,
+	0xac00, 0xd7a3,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+	0xd800, 0xfa6d,
+	0xfa70, 0xfad9,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb06,
+	0xfb13, 0xfb17,
+	0xfb1d, 0xfb36,
+	0xfb38, 0xfb3c,
+	0xfb3e, 0xfb3e,
+	0xfb40, 0xfb41,
+	0xfb43, 0xfb44,
+	0xfb46, 0xfbc2,
+	0xfbd3, 0xfd8f,
+	0xfd92, 0xfdc7,
+	0xfdcf, 0xfe19,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe52,
+	0xfe54, 0xfe66,
+	0xfe68, 0xfe6b,
+	0xfe70, 0xfe74,
+	0xfe76, 0xfefc,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xff01, 0xffbe,
+	0xffc2, 0xffc7,
+	0xffca, 0xffcf,
+	0xffd2, 0xffd7,
+	0xffda, 0xffdc,
+	0xffe0, 0xffe6,
+	0xffe8, 0xffee,
+	0xfff9, 0x1000b,
+	0x1000d, 0x10026,
+	0x10028, 0x1003a,
+	0x1003c, 0x1003d,
+	0x1003f, 0x1004d,
+	0x10050, 0x1005d,
+	0x10080, 0x100fa,
+	0x10100, 0x10102,
+	0x10107, 0x10133,
+	0x10137, 0x1018e,
+	0x10190, 0x1019c,
+	0x101a0, 0x101a0,
+	0x101d0, 0x101fd,
+	0x10280, 0x1029c,
+	0x102a0, 0x102d0,
+	0x102e0, 0x102fb,
+	0x10300, 0x10323,
+	0x1032d, 0x1034a,
+	0x10350, 0x1037a,
+	0x10380, 0x1039d,
+	0x1039f, 0x103c3,
+	0x103c8, 0x103d5,
+	0x10400, 0x1049d,
+	0x104a0, 0x104a9,
+	0x104b0, 0x104d3,
+	0x104d8, 0x104fb,
+	0x10500, 0x10527,
+	0x10530, 0x10563,
+	0x1056f, 0x1057a,
+	0x1057c, 0x1058a,
+	0x1058c, 0x10592,
+	0x10594, 0x10595,
+	0x10597, 0x105a1,
+	0x105a3, 0x105b1,
+	0x105b3, 0x105b9,
+	0x105bb, 0x105bc,
+	0x10600, 0x10736,
+	0x10740, 0x10755,
+	0x10760, 0x10767,
+	0x10780, 0x10785,
+	0x10787, 0x107b0,
+	0x107b2, 0x107ba,
+	0x10800, 0x10805,
+	0x10808, 0x10808,
+	0x1080a, 0x10835,
+	0x10837, 0x10838,
+	0x1083c, 0x1083c,
+	0x1083f, 0x10855,
+	0x10857, 0x1089e,
+	0x108a7, 0x108af,
+	0x108e0, 0x108f2,
+	0x108f4, 0x108f5,
+	0x108fb, 0x1091b,
+	0x1091f, 0x10939,
+	0x1093f, 0x1093f,
+	0x10980, 0x109b7,
+	0x109bc, 0x109cf,
+	0x109d2, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a13,
+	0x10a15, 0x10a17,
+	0x10a19, 0x10a35,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a48,
+	0x10a50, 0x10a58,
+	0x10a60, 0x10a9f,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10aeb, 0x10af6,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b35,
+	0x10b39, 0x10b55,
+	0x10b58, 0x10b72,
+	0x10b78, 0x10b91,
+	0x10b99, 0x10b9c,
+	0x10ba9, 0x10baf,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c48,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cb2,
+	0x10cc0, 0x10cf2,
+	0x10cfa, 0x10d27,
+	0x10d30, 0x10d39,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7e,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ea9,
+	0x10eab, 0x10ead,
+	0x10eb0, 0x10eb1,
+	0x10efd, 0x10f27,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f59,
+	0x10f70, 0x10f89,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fcb,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10ff6,
+	0x11000, 0x1104d,
+	0x11052, 0x11075,
+	0x1107f, 0x110c2,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x110d0, 0x110e8,
+	0x110f0, 0x110f9,
+	0x11100, 0x11134,
+	0x11136, 0x11147,
+	0x11150, 0x11176,
+	0x11180, 0x111df,
+	0x111e1, 0x111f4,
+	0x11200, 0x11211,
+	0x11213, 0x11241,
+	0x11280, 0x11286,
+	0x11288, 0x11288,
+	0x1128a, 0x1128d,
+	0x1128f, 0x1129d,
+	0x1129f, 0x112a9,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ea,
+	0x112f0, 0x112f9,
+	0x11300, 0x11303,
+	0x11305, 0x1130c,
+	0x1130f, 0x11310,
+	0x11313, 0x11328,
+	0x1132a, 0x11330,
+	0x11332, 0x11333,
+	0x11335, 0x11339,
+	0x1133b, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11350, 0x11350,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x1135d, 0x11363,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11400, 0x1145b,
+	0x1145d, 0x11461,
+	0x11480, 0x114c7,
+	0x114d0, 0x114d9,
+	0x11580, 0x115b5,
+	0x115b8, 0x115dd,
+	0x11600, 0x11644,
+	0x11650, 0x11659,
+	0x11660, 0x1166c,
+	0x11680, 0x116b9,
+	0x116c0, 0x116c9,
+	0x11700, 0x1171a,
+	0x1171d, 0x1172b,
+	0x11730, 0x11746,
+	0x11800, 0x1183b,
+	0x118a0, 0x118f2,
+	0x118ff, 0x11906,
+	0x11909, 0x11909,
+	0x1190c, 0x11913,
+	0x11915, 0x11916,
+	0x11918, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193b, 0x11946,
+	0x11950, 0x11959,
+	0x119a0, 0x119a7,
+	0x119aa, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aa2,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11af8,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b09,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c08,
+	0x11c0a, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c45,
+	0x11c50, 0x11c6c,
+	0x11c70, 0x11c8f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d06,
+	0x11d08, 0x11d09,
+	0x11d0b, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d50, 0x11d59,
+	0x11d60, 0x11d65,
+	0x11d67, 0x11d68,
+	0x11d6a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d98,
+	0x11da0, 0x11da9,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11ef8,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f10,
+	0x11f12, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f59,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fb0,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11ff1,
+	0x11fff, 0x12399,
+	0x12400, 0x1246e,
+	0x12470, 0x12474,
+	0x12480, 0x12543,
+	0x12f90, 0x12ff2,
+	0x13000, 0x13455,
+	0x14400, 0x14646,
+	0x16800, 0x16a38,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a5e,
+	0x16a60, 0x16a69,
+	0x16a6e, 0x16abe,
+	0x16ac0, 0x16ac9,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aed,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af5,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b45,
+	0x16b50, 0x16b59,
+	0x16b5b, 0x16b61,
+	0x16b63, 0x16b77,
+	0x16b7d, 0x16b8f,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9a,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f4a,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f87,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f9f,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fe4,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x17000, 0x187f7,
+	0x18800, 0x18cd5,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d08,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1aff3,
+	0x1aff5, 0x1affb,
+	0x1affd, 0x1affe,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b122,
+	0x1b132, 0x1b132,
+	0x1b150, 0x1b152,
+	0x1b155, 0x1b155,
+	0x1b164, 0x1b167,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2fb,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc6a,
+	0x1bc70, 0x1bc7c,
+	0x1bc80, 0x1bc88,
+	0x1bc90, 0x1bc99,
+	0x1bc9c, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1cf50, 0x1cfc3,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0f5,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d126,
+	0x1d129, 0x1d1ea,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d245,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2d3,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2f3,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d356,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d378,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d454,
+	0x1d456, 0x1d49c,
+	0x1d49e, 0x1d49f,
+	0x1d4a2, 0x1d4a2,
+	0x1d4a5, 0x1d4a6,
+	0x1d4a9, 0x1d4ac,
+	0x1d4ae, 0x1d4b9,
+	0x1d4bb, 0x1d4bb,
+	0x1d4bd, 0x1d4c3,
+	0x1d4c5, 0x1d505,
+	0x1d507, 0x1d50a,
+	0x1d50d, 0x1d514,
+	0x1d516, 0x1d51c,
+	0x1d51e, 0x1d539,
+	0x1d53b, 0x1d53e,
+	0x1d540, 0x1d544,
+	0x1d546, 0x1d546,
+	0x1d54a, 0x1d550,
+	0x1d552, 0x1d6a5,
+	0x1d6a8, 0x1d7cb,
+	0x1d7ce, 0x1da8b,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1df00, 0x1df1e,
+	0x1df25, 0x1df2a,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e06d,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e12c,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e13d,
+	0x1e140, 0x1e149,
+	0x1e14e, 0x1e14f,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2f9,
+	0x1e2ff, 0x1e2ff,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4f9,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7e6,
+	0x1e7e8, 0x1e7eb,
+	0x1e7ed, 0x1e7ee,
+	0x1e7f0, 0x1e7fe,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8c4,
+	0x1e8c7, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e94b,
+	0x1e950, 0x1e959,
+	0x1e95e, 0x1e95f,
+	0x1ec71, 0x1ecb4,
+	0x1ed01, 0x1ed3d,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1ee03,
+	0x1ee05, 0x1ee1f,
+	0x1ee21, 0x1ee22,
+	0x1ee24, 0x1ee24,
+	0x1ee27, 0x1ee27,
+	0x1ee29, 0x1ee32,
+	0x1ee34, 0x1ee37,
+	0x1ee39, 0x1ee39,
+	0x1ee3b, 0x1ee3b,
+	0x1ee42, 0x1ee42,
+	0x1ee47, 0x1ee47,
+	0x1ee49, 0x1ee49,
+	0x1ee4b, 0x1ee4b,
+	0x1ee4d, 0x1ee4f,
+	0x1ee51, 0x1ee52,
+	0x1ee54, 0x1ee54,
+	0x1ee57, 0x1ee57,
+	0x1ee59, 0x1ee59,
+	0x1ee5b, 0x1ee5b,
+	0x1ee5d, 0x1ee5d,
+	0x1ee5f, 0x1ee5f,
+	0x1ee61, 0x1ee62,
+	0x1ee64, 0x1ee64,
+	0x1ee67, 0x1ee6a,
+	0x1ee6c, 0x1ee72,
+	0x1ee74, 0x1ee77,
+	0x1ee79, 0x1ee7c,
+	0x1ee7e, 0x1ee7e,
+	0x1ee80, 0x1ee89,
+	0x1ee8b, 0x1ee9b,
+	0x1eea1, 0x1eea3,
+	0x1eea5, 0x1eea9,
+	0x1eeab, 0x1eebb,
+	0x1eef0, 0x1eef1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02b,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f093,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ae,
+	0x1f0b1, 0x1f0bf,
+	0x1f0c1, 0x1f0cf,
+	0x1f0d1, 0x1f0f5,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ad,
+	0x1f1e6, 0x1f202,
+	0x1f210, 0x1f23b,
+	0x1f240, 0x1f248,
+	0x1f250, 0x1f251,
+	0x1f260, 0x1f265,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f6d7,
+	0x1f6dc, 0x1f6ec,
+	0x1f6f0, 0x1f6fc,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f776,
+	0x1f77b, 0x1f7d9,
+	0x1f7e0, 0x1f7eb,
+	0x1f7f0, 0x1f7f0,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f80b,
+	0x1f810, 0x1f847,
+	0x1f850, 0x1f859,
+	0x1f860, 0x1f887,
+	0x1f890, 0x1f8ad,
+	0x1f8b0, 0x1f8b1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1fa53,
+	0x1fa60, 0x1fa6d,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1fa7c,
+	0x1fa80, 0x1fa88,
+	0x1fa90, 0x1fabd,
+	0x1fabf, 0x1fac5,
+	0x1face, 0x1fadb,
+	0x1fae0, 0x1fae8,
+	0x1faf0, 0x1faf8,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fb92,
+	0x1fb94, 0x1fbca,
+	0x1fbf0, 0x1fbf9,
+	0x1fffe, 0x2a6df,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b739,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81d,
+	0x2b820, 0x2cea1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebe0,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1d,
+	0x2fffe, 0x3134a,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+	0x3fffe, 0x3ffff,
+	0x4fffe, 0x4ffff,
+	0x5fffe, 0x5ffff,
+	0x6fffe, 0x6ffff,
+	0x7fffe, 0x7ffff,
+	0x8fffe, 0x8ffff,
+	0x9fffe, 0x9ffff,
+	0xafffe, 0xaffff,
+	0xbfffe, 0xbffff,
+	0xcfffe, 0xcffff,
+	0xdfffe, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0001, 0xe0001,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+	0xefffe, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_Age_15_0 */
+
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend[] = {
+	15,
+	0x0600, 0x0605,
+	0x06dd, 0x06dd,
+	0x070f, 0x070f,
+	0x0890, 0x0891,
+	0x08e2, 0x08e2,
+	0x0d4e, 0x0d4e,
+	0x110bd, 0x110bd,
+	0x110cd, 0x110cd,
+	0x111c2, 0x111c3,
+	0x1193f, 0x1193f,
+	0x11941, 0x11941,
+	0x11a3a, 0x11a3a,
+	0x11a84, 0x11a89,
+	0x11d46, 0x11d46,
+	0x11f02, 0x11f02,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=CR */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR[] = {
+	1,
+	0x000d, 0x000d,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=LF */
+#define CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF CR_NEWLINE
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Control */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control[] = {
+	19,
+	0x0000, 0x0009,
+	0x000b, 0x000c,
+	0x000e, 0x001f,
+	0x007f, 0x009f,
+	0x00ad, 0x00ad,
+	0x061c, 0x061c,
+	0x180e, 0x180e,
+	0x200b, 0x200b,
+	0x200e, 0x200f,
+	0x2028, 0x202e,
+	0x2060, 0x206f,
+	0xfeff, 0xfeff,
+	0xfff0, 0xfffb,
+	0x13430, 0x1343f,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1bca3,
+	0x1d173, 0x1d17a,
+	0xe0000, 0xe001f,
+	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
+	0xe01f0, 0xe0fff,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Extend */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend[] = {
+	364,
+	0x0300, 0x036f,
+	0x0483, 0x0489,
+	0x0591, 0x05bd,
+	0x05bf, 0x05bf,
+	0x05c1, 0x05c2,
+	0x05c4, 0x05c5,
+	0x05c7, 0x05c7,
+	0x0610, 0x061a,
+	0x064b, 0x065f,
+	0x0670, 0x0670,
+	0x06d6, 0x06dc,
+	0x06df, 0x06e4,
+	0x06e7, 0x06e8,
+	0x06ea, 0x06ed,
+	0x0711, 0x0711,
+	0x0730, 0x074a,
+	0x07a6, 0x07b0,
+	0x07eb, 0x07f3,
+	0x07fd, 0x07fd,
+	0x0816, 0x0819,
+	0x081b, 0x0823,
+	0x0825, 0x0827,
+	0x0829, 0x082d,
+	0x0859, 0x085b,
+	0x0898, 0x089f,
+	0x08ca, 0x08e1,
+	0x08e3, 0x0902,
+	0x093a, 0x093a,
+	0x093c, 0x093c,
+	0x0941, 0x0948,
+	0x094d, 0x094d,
+	0x0951, 0x0957,
+	0x0962, 0x0963,
+	0x0981, 0x0981,
+	0x09bc, 0x09bc,
+	0x09be, 0x09be,
+	0x09c1, 0x09c4,
+	0x09cd, 0x09cd,
+	0x09d7, 0x09d7,
+	0x09e2, 0x09e3,
+	0x09fe, 0x09fe,
+	0x0a01, 0x0a02,
+	0x0a3c, 0x0a3c,
+	0x0a41, 0x0a42,
+	0x0a47, 0x0a48,
+	0x0a4b, 0x0a4d,
+	0x0a51, 0x0a51,
+	0x0a70, 0x0a71,
+	0x0a75, 0x0a75,
+	0x0a81, 0x0a82,
+	0x0abc, 0x0abc,
+	0x0ac1, 0x0ac5,
+	0x0ac7, 0x0ac8,
+	0x0acd, 0x0acd,
+	0x0ae2, 0x0ae3,
+	0x0afa, 0x0aff,
+	0x0b01, 0x0b01,
+	0x0b3c, 0x0b3c,
+	0x0b3e, 0x0b3f,
+	0x0b41, 0x0b44,
+	0x0b4d, 0x0b4d,
+	0x0b55, 0x0b57,
+	0x0b62, 0x0b63,
+	0x0b82, 0x0b82,
+	0x0bbe, 0x0bbe,
+	0x0bc0, 0x0bc0,
+	0x0bcd, 0x0bcd,
+	0x0bd7, 0x0bd7,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c00,
+	0x0c04, 0x0c04,
+	0x0c3c, 0x0c3c,
+	0x0c3e, 0x0c40,
+	0x0c46, 0x0c48,
+	0x0c4a, 0x0c4d,
+	0x0c55, 0x0c56,
+	0x0c62, 0x0c63,
+	0x0c81, 0x0c81,
+	0x0cbc, 0x0cbc,
+	0x0cbf, 0x0cbf,
+	0x0cc2, 0x0cc2,
+	0x0cc6, 0x0cc6,
+	0x0ccc, 0x0ccd,
+	0x0cd5, 0x0cd6,
+	0x0ce2, 0x0ce3,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d01,
+	0x0d3b, 0x0d3c,
+	0x0d3e, 0x0d3e,
+	0x0d41, 0x0d44,
+	0x0d4d, 0x0d4d,
+	0x0d57, 0x0d57,
+	0x0d62, 0x0d63,
+	0x0d81, 0x0d81,
+	0x0dca, 0x0dca,
+	0x0dcf, 0x0dcf,
+	0x0dd2, 0x0dd4,
+	0x0dd6, 0x0dd6,
+	0x0ddf, 0x0ddf,
+	0x0e31, 0x0e31,
+	0x0e34, 0x0e3a,
+	0x0e47, 0x0e4e,
+	0x0eb1, 0x0eb1,
+	0x0eb4, 0x0ebc,
+	0x0ec8, 0x0ece,
+	0x0f18, 0x0f19,
+	0x0f35, 0x0f35,
+	0x0f37, 0x0f37,
+	0x0f39, 0x0f39,
+	0x0f71, 0x0f7e,
+	0x0f80, 0x0f84,
+	0x0f86, 0x0f87,
+	0x0f8d, 0x0f97,
+	0x0f99, 0x0fbc,
+	0x0fc6, 0x0fc6,
+	0x102d, 0x1030,
+	0x1032, 0x1037,
+	0x1039, 0x103a,
+	0x103d, 0x103e,
+	0x1058, 0x1059,
+	0x105e, 0x1060,
+	0x1071, 0x1074,
+	0x1082, 0x1082,
+	0x1085, 0x1086,
+	0x108d, 0x108d,
+	0x109d, 0x109d,
+	0x135d, 0x135f,
+	0x1712, 0x1714,
+	0x1732, 0x1733,
+	0x1752, 0x1753,
+	0x1772, 0x1773,
+	0x17b4, 0x17b5,
+	0x17b7, 0x17bd,
+	0x17c6, 0x17c6,
+	0x17c9, 0x17d3,
+	0x17dd, 0x17dd,
+	0x180b, 0x180d,
+	0x180f, 0x180f,
+	0x1885, 0x1886,
+	0x18a9, 0x18a9,
+	0x1920, 0x1922,
+	0x1927, 0x1928,
+	0x1932, 0x1932,
+	0x1939, 0x193b,
+	0x1a17, 0x1a18,
+	0x1a1b, 0x1a1b,
+	0x1a56, 0x1a56,
+	0x1a58, 0x1a5e,
+	0x1a60, 0x1a60,
+	0x1a62, 0x1a62,
+	0x1a65, 0x1a6c,
+	0x1a73, 0x1a7c,
+	0x1a7f, 0x1a7f,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1ace,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b03,
+	0x1b34, 0x1b3a,
+	0x1b3c, 0x1b3c,
+	0x1b42, 0x1b42,
+	0x1b6b, 0x1b73,
+	0x1b80, 0x1b81,
+	0x1ba2, 0x1ba5,
+	0x1ba8, 0x1ba9,
+	0x1bab, 0x1bad,
+	0x1be6, 0x1be6,
+	0x1be8, 0x1be9,
+	0x1bed, 0x1bed,
+	0x1bef, 0x1bf1,
+	0x1c2c, 0x1c33,
+	0x1c36, 0x1c37,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cd2,
+	0x1cd4, 0x1ce0,
+	0x1ce2, 0x1ce8,
+	0x1ced, 0x1ced,
+	0x1cf4, 0x1cf4,
+	0x1cf8, 0x1cf9,
+	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
+	0x200c, 0x200c,
+	0x20d0, 0x20f0,
+	0x2cef, 0x2cf1,
+	0x2d7f, 0x2d7f,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+	0x302a, 0x302f,
+	0x3099, 0x309a,
+	0xa66f, 0xa672,
+	0xa674, 0xa67d,
+	0xa69e, 0xa69f,
+	0xa6f0, 0xa6f1,
+	0xa802, 0xa802,
+	0xa806, 0xa806,
+	0xa80b, 0xa80b,
+	0xa825, 0xa826,
+	0xa82c, 0xa82c,
+	0xa8c4, 0xa8c5,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8f1,
+	0xa8ff, 0xa8ff,
+	0xa926, 0xa92d,
+	0xa947, 0xa951,
+	0xa980, 0xa982,
+	0xa9b3, 0xa9b3,
+	0xa9b6, 0xa9b9,
+	0xa9bc, 0xa9bd,
+	0xa9e5, 0xa9e5,
+	0xaa29, 0xaa2e,
+	0xaa31, 0xaa32,
+	0xaa35, 0xaa36,
+	0xaa43, 0xaa43,
+	0xaa4c, 0xaa4c,
+	0xaa7c, 0xaa7c,
+	0xaab0, 0xaab0,
+	0xaab2, 0xaab4,
+	0xaab7, 0xaab8,
+	0xaabe, 0xaabf,
+	0xaac1, 0xaac1,
+	0xaaec, 0xaaed,
+	0xaaf6, 0xaaf6,
+	0xabe5, 0xabe5,
+	0xabe8, 0xabe8,
+	0xabed, 0xabed,
+	0xfb1e, 0xfb1e,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+	0xff9e, 0xff9f,
+	0x101fd, 0x101fd,
+	0x102e0, 0x102e0,
+	0x10376, 0x1037a,
+	0x10a01, 0x10a03,
+	0x10a05, 0x10a06,
+	0x10a0c, 0x10a0f,
+	0x10a38, 0x10a3a,
+	0x10a3f, 0x10a3f,
+	0x10ae5, 0x10ae6,
+	0x10d24, 0x10d27,
+	0x10eab, 0x10eac,
+	0x10efd, 0x10eff,
+	0x10f46, 0x10f50,
+	0x10f82, 0x10f85,
+	0x11001, 0x11001,
+	0x11038, 0x11046,
+	0x11070, 0x11070,
+	0x11073, 0x11074,
+	0x1107f, 0x11081,
+	0x110b3, 0x110b6,
+	0x110b9, 0x110ba,
+	0x110c2, 0x110c2,
+	0x11100, 0x11102,
+	0x11127, 0x1112b,
+	0x1112d, 0x11134,
+	0x11173, 0x11173,
+	0x11180, 0x11181,
+	0x111b6, 0x111be,
+	0x111c9, 0x111cc,
+	0x111cf, 0x111cf,
+	0x1122f, 0x11231,
+	0x11234, 0x11234,
+	0x11236, 0x11237,
+	0x1123e, 0x1123e,
+	0x11241, 0x11241,
+	0x112df, 0x112df,
+	0x112e3, 0x112ea,
+	0x11300, 0x11301,
+	0x1133b, 0x1133c,
+	0x1133e, 0x1133e,
+	0x11340, 0x11340,
+	0x11357, 0x11357,
+	0x11366, 0x1136c,
+	0x11370, 0x11374,
+	0x11438, 0x1143f,
+	0x11442, 0x11444,
+	0x11446, 0x11446,
+	0x1145e, 0x1145e,
+	0x114b0, 0x114b0,
+	0x114b3, 0x114b8,
+	0x114ba, 0x114ba,
+	0x114bd, 0x114bd,
+	0x114bf, 0x114c0,
+	0x114c2, 0x114c3,
+	0x115af, 0x115af,
+	0x115b2, 0x115b5,
+	0x115bc, 0x115bd,
+	0x115bf, 0x115c0,
+	0x115dc, 0x115dd,
+	0x11633, 0x1163a,
+	0x1163d, 0x1163d,
+	0x1163f, 0x11640,
+	0x116ab, 0x116ab,
+	0x116ad, 0x116ad,
+	0x116b0, 0x116b5,
+	0x116b7, 0x116b7,
+	0x1171d, 0x1171f,
+	0x11722, 0x11725,
+	0x11727, 0x1172b,
+	0x1182f, 0x11837,
+	0x11839, 0x1183a,
+	0x11930, 0x11930,
+	0x1193b, 0x1193c,
+	0x1193e, 0x1193e,
+	0x11943, 0x11943,
+	0x119d4, 0x119d7,
+	0x119da, 0x119db,
+	0x119e0, 0x119e0,
+	0x11a01, 0x11a0a,
+	0x11a33, 0x11a38,
+	0x11a3b, 0x11a3e,
+	0x11a47, 0x11a47,
+	0x11a51, 0x11a56,
+	0x11a59, 0x11a5b,
+	0x11a8a, 0x11a96,
+	0x11a98, 0x11a99,
+	0x11c30, 0x11c36,
+	0x11c38, 0x11c3d,
+	0x11c3f, 0x11c3f,
+	0x11c92, 0x11ca7,
+	0x11caa, 0x11cb0,
+	0x11cb2, 0x11cb3,
+	0x11cb5, 0x11cb6,
+	0x11d31, 0x11d36,
+	0x11d3a, 0x11d3a,
+	0x11d3c, 0x11d3d,
+	0x11d3f, 0x11d45,
+	0x11d47, 0x11d47,
+	0x11d90, 0x11d91,
+	0x11d95, 0x11d95,
+	0x11d97, 0x11d97,
+	0x11ef3, 0x11ef4,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f01,
+	0x11f36, 0x11f3a,
+	0x11f40, 0x11f40,
+	0x11f42, 0x11f42,
+	0x13440, 0x13440,
+	0x13447, 0x13455,
+	0x16af0, 0x16af4,
+	0x16b30, 0x16b36,
+	0x16f4f, 0x16f4f,
+	0x16f8f, 0x16f92,
+	0x16fe4, 0x16fe4,
+	0x1bc9d, 0x1bc9e,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cf2d,
+	0x1cf30, 0x1cf46,
+	0x1d165, 0x1d165,
+	0x1d167, 0x1d169,
+	0x1d16e, 0x1d172,
+	0x1d17b, 0x1d182,
+	0x1d185, 0x1d18b,
+	0x1d1aa, 0x1d1ad,
+	0x1d242, 0x1d244,
+	0x1da00, 0x1da36,
+	0x1da3b, 0x1da6c,
+	0x1da75, 0x1da75,
+	0x1da84, 0x1da84,
+	0x1da9b, 0x1da9f,
+	0x1daa1, 0x1daaf,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e006,
+	0x1e008, 0x1e018,
+	0x1e01b, 0x1e021,
+	0x1e023, 0x1e024,
+	0x1e026, 0x1e02a,
+	0x1e08f, 0x1e08f,
+	0x1e130, 0x1e136,
+	0x1e2ae, 0x1e2ae,
+	0x1e2ec, 0x1e2ef,
+	0x1e4ec, 0x1e4ef,
+	0x1e8d0, 0x1e8d6,
+	0x1e944, 0x1e94a,
+	0x1f3fb, 0x1f3ff,
+	0xe0020, 0xe007f,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Regional_Indicator */
+#define CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator CR_Regional_Indicator
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=SpacingMark */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark[] = {
+	165,
+	0x0903, 0x0903,
+	0x093b, 0x093b,
+	0x093e, 0x0940,
+	0x0949, 0x094c,
+	0x094e, 0x094f,
+	0x0982, 0x0983,
+	0x09bf, 0x09c0,
+	0x09c7, 0x09c8,
+	0x09cb, 0x09cc,
+	0x0a03, 0x0a03,
+	0x0a3e, 0x0a40,
+	0x0a83, 0x0a83,
+	0x0abe, 0x0ac0,
+	0x0ac9, 0x0ac9,
+	0x0acb, 0x0acc,
+	0x0b02, 0x0b03,
+	0x0b40, 0x0b40,
+	0x0b47, 0x0b48,
+	0x0b4b, 0x0b4c,
+	0x0bbf, 0x0bbf,
+	0x0bc1, 0x0bc2,
+	0x0bc6, 0x0bc8,
+	0x0bca, 0x0bcc,
+	0x0c01, 0x0c03,
+	0x0c41, 0x0c44,
+	0x0c82, 0x0c83,
+	0x0cbe, 0x0cbe,
+	0x0cc0, 0x0cc1,
+	0x0cc3, 0x0cc4,
+	0x0cc7, 0x0cc8,
+	0x0cca, 0x0ccb,
+	0x0cf3, 0x0cf3,
+	0x0d02, 0x0d03,
+	0x0d3f, 0x0d40,
+	0x0d46, 0x0d48,
+	0x0d4a, 0x0d4c,
+	0x0d82, 0x0d83,
+	0x0dd0, 0x0dd1,
+	0x0dd8, 0x0dde,
+	0x0df2, 0x0df3,
+	0x0e33, 0x0e33,
+	0x0eb3, 0x0eb3,
+	0x0f3e, 0x0f3f,
+	0x0f7f, 0x0f7f,
+	0x1031, 0x1031,
+	0x103b, 0x103c,
+	0x1056, 0x1057,
+	0x1084, 0x1084,
+	0x1715, 0x1715,
+	0x1734, 0x1734,
+	0x17b6, 0x17b6,
+	0x17be, 0x17c5,
+	0x17c7, 0x17c8,
+	0x1923, 0x1926,
+	0x1929, 0x192b,
+	0x1930, 0x1931,
+	0x1933, 0x1938,
+	0x1a19, 0x1a1a,
+	0x1a55, 0x1a55,
+	0x1a57, 0x1a57,
+	0x1a6d, 0x1a72,
+	0x1b04, 0x1b04,
+	0x1b3b, 0x1b3b,
+	0x1b3d, 0x1b41,
+	0x1b43, 0x1b44,
+	0x1b82, 0x1b82,
+	0x1ba1, 0x1ba1,
+	0x1ba6, 0x1ba7,
+	0x1baa, 0x1baa,
+	0x1be7, 0x1be7,
+	0x1bea, 0x1bec,
+	0x1bee, 0x1bee,
+	0x1bf2, 0x1bf3,
+	0x1c24, 0x1c2b,
+	0x1c34, 0x1c35,
+	0x1ce1, 0x1ce1,
+	0x1cf7, 0x1cf7,
+	0xa823, 0xa824,
+	0xa827, 0xa827,
+	0xa880, 0xa881,
+	0xa8b4, 0xa8c3,
+	0xa952, 0xa953,
+	0xa983, 0xa983,
+	0xa9b4, 0xa9b5,
+	0xa9ba, 0xa9bb,
+	0xa9be, 0xa9c0,
+	0xaa2f, 0xaa30,
+	0xaa33, 0xaa34,
+	0xaa4d, 0xaa4d,
+	0xaaeb, 0xaaeb,
+	0xaaee, 0xaaef,
+	0xaaf5, 0xaaf5,
+	0xabe3, 0xabe4,
+	0xabe6, 0xabe7,
+	0xabe9, 0xabea,
+	0xabec, 0xabec,
+	0x11000, 0x11000,
+	0x11002, 0x11002,
+	0x11082, 0x11082,
+	0x110b0, 0x110b2,
+	0x110b7, 0x110b8,
+	0x1112c, 0x1112c,
+	0x11145, 0x11146,
+	0x11182, 0x11182,
+	0x111b3, 0x111b5,
+	0x111bf, 0x111c0,
+	0x111ce, 0x111ce,
+	0x1122c, 0x1122e,
+	0x11232, 0x11233,
+	0x11235, 0x11235,
+	0x112e0, 0x112e2,
+	0x11302, 0x11303,
+	0x1133f, 0x1133f,
+	0x11341, 0x11344,
+	0x11347, 0x11348,
+	0x1134b, 0x1134d,
+	0x11362, 0x11363,
+	0x11435, 0x11437,
+	0x11440, 0x11441,
+	0x11445, 0x11445,
+	0x114b1, 0x114b2,
+	0x114b9, 0x114b9,
+	0x114bb, 0x114bc,
+	0x114be, 0x114be,
+	0x114c1, 0x114c1,
+	0x115b0, 0x115b1,
+	0x115b8, 0x115bb,
+	0x115be, 0x115be,
+	0x11630, 0x11632,
+	0x1163b, 0x1163c,
+	0x1163e, 0x1163e,
+	0x116ac, 0x116ac,
+	0x116ae, 0x116af,
+	0x116b6, 0x116b6,
+	0x11726, 0x11726,
+	0x1182c, 0x1182e,
+	0x11838, 0x11838,
+	0x11931, 0x11935,
+	0x11937, 0x11938,
+	0x1193d, 0x1193d,
+	0x11940, 0x11940,
+	0x11942, 0x11942,
+	0x119d1, 0x119d3,
+	0x119dc, 0x119df,
+	0x119e4, 0x119e4,
+	0x11a39, 0x11a39,
+	0x11a57, 0x11a58,
+	0x11a97, 0x11a97,
+	0x11c2f, 0x11c2f,
+	0x11c3e, 0x11c3e,
+	0x11ca9, 0x11ca9,
+	0x11cb1, 0x11cb1,
+	0x11cb4, 0x11cb4,
+	0x11d8a, 0x11d8e,
+	0x11d93, 0x11d94,
+	0x11d96, 0x11d96,
+	0x11ef5, 0x11ef6,
+	0x11f03, 0x11f03,
+	0x11f34, 0x11f35,
+	0x11f3e, 0x11f3f,
+	0x11f41, 0x11f41,
+	0x16f51, 0x16f87,
+	0x16ff0, 0x16ff1,
+	0x1d166, 0x1d166,
+	0x1d16d, 0x1d16d,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=L */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1100, 0x115f,
+	0xa960, 0xa97c,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=V */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V[] = {
+	2,
+	0x1160, 0x11a7,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7c6,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=T */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T[] = {
+	2,
+	0x11a8, 0x11ff,
+	0xd7cb, 0xd7fb,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=LV */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV[] = {
+	399,
+	0xac00, 0xac00,
+	0xac1c, 0xac1c,
+	0xac38, 0xac38,
+	0xac54, 0xac54,
+	0xac70, 0xac70,
+	0xac8c, 0xac8c,
+	0xaca8, 0xaca8,
+	0xacc4, 0xacc4,
+	0xace0, 0xace0,
+	0xacfc, 0xacfc,
+	0xad18, 0xad18,
+	0xad34, 0xad34,
+	0xad50, 0xad50,
+	0xad6c, 0xad6c,
+	0xad88, 0xad88,
+	0xada4, 0xada4,
+	0xadc0, 0xadc0,
+	0xaddc, 0xaddc,
+	0xadf8, 0xadf8,
+	0xae14, 0xae14,
+	0xae30, 0xae30,
+	0xae4c, 0xae4c,
+	0xae68, 0xae68,
+	0xae84, 0xae84,
+	0xaea0, 0xaea0,
+	0xaebc, 0xaebc,
+	0xaed8, 0xaed8,
+	0xaef4, 0xaef4,
+	0xaf10, 0xaf10,
+	0xaf2c, 0xaf2c,
+	0xaf48, 0xaf48,
+	0xaf64, 0xaf64,
+	0xaf80, 0xaf80,
+	0xaf9c, 0xaf9c,
+	0xafb8, 0xafb8,
+	0xafd4, 0xafd4,
+	0xaff0, 0xaff0,
+	0xb00c, 0xb00c,
+	0xb028, 0xb028,
+	0xb044, 0xb044,
+	0xb060, 0xb060,
+	0xb07c, 0xb07c,
+	0xb098, 0xb098,
+	0xb0b4, 0xb0b4,
+	0xb0d0, 0xb0d0,
+	0xb0ec, 0xb0ec,
+	0xb108, 0xb108,
+	0xb124, 0xb124,
+	0xb140, 0xb140,
+	0xb15c, 0xb15c,
+	0xb178, 0xb178,
+	0xb194, 0xb194,
+	0xb1b0, 0xb1b0,
+	0xb1cc, 0xb1cc,
+	0xb1e8, 0xb1e8,
+	0xb204, 0xb204,
+	0xb220, 0xb220,
+	0xb23c, 0xb23c,
+	0xb258, 0xb258,
+	0xb274, 0xb274,
+	0xb290, 0xb290,
+	0xb2ac, 0xb2ac,
+	0xb2c8, 0xb2c8,
+	0xb2e4, 0xb2e4,
+	0xb300, 0xb300,
+	0xb31c, 0xb31c,
+	0xb338, 0xb338,
+	0xb354, 0xb354,
+	0xb370, 0xb370,
+	0xb38c, 0xb38c,
+	0xb3a8, 0xb3a8,
+	0xb3c4, 0xb3c4,
+	0xb3e0, 0xb3e0,
+	0xb3fc, 0xb3fc,
+	0xb418, 0xb418,
+	0xb434, 0xb434,
+	0xb450, 0xb450,
+	0xb46c, 0xb46c,
+	0xb488, 0xb488,
+	0xb4a4, 0xb4a4,
+	0xb4c0, 0xb4c0,
+	0xb4dc, 0xb4dc,
+	0xb4f8, 0xb4f8,
+	0xb514, 0xb514,
+	0xb530, 0xb530,
+	0xb54c, 0xb54c,
+	0xb568, 0xb568,
+	0xb584, 0xb584,
+	0xb5a0, 0xb5a0,
+	0xb5bc, 0xb5bc,
+	0xb5d8, 0xb5d8,
+	0xb5f4, 0xb5f4,
+	0xb610, 0xb610,
+	0xb62c, 0xb62c,
+	0xb648, 0xb648,
+	0xb664, 0xb664,
+	0xb680, 0xb680,
+	0xb69c, 0xb69c,
+	0xb6b8, 0xb6b8,
+	0xb6d4, 0xb6d4,
+	0xb6f0, 0xb6f0,
+	0xb70c, 0xb70c,
+	0xb728, 0xb728,
+	0xb744, 0xb744,
+	0xb760, 0xb760,
+	0xb77c, 0xb77c,
+	0xb798, 0xb798,
+	0xb7b4, 0xb7b4,
+	0xb7d0, 0xb7d0,
+	0xb7ec, 0xb7ec,
+	0xb808, 0xb808,
+	0xb824, 0xb824,
+	0xb840, 0xb840,
+	0xb85c, 0xb85c,
+	0xb878, 0xb878,
+	0xb894, 0xb894,
+	0xb8b0, 0xb8b0,
+	0xb8cc, 0xb8cc,
+	0xb8e8, 0xb8e8,
+	0xb904, 0xb904,
+	0xb920, 0xb920,
+	0xb93c, 0xb93c,
+	0xb958, 0xb958,
+	0xb974, 0xb974,
+	0xb990, 0xb990,
+	0xb9ac, 0xb9ac,
+	0xb9c8, 0xb9c8,
+	0xb9e4, 0xb9e4,
+	0xba00, 0xba00,
+	0xba1c, 0xba1c,
+	0xba38, 0xba38,
+	0xba54, 0xba54,
+	0xba70, 0xba70,
+	0xba8c, 0xba8c,
+	0xbaa8, 0xbaa8,
+	0xbac4, 0xbac4,
+	0xbae0, 0xbae0,
+	0xbafc, 0xbafc,
+	0xbb18, 0xbb18,
+	0xbb34, 0xbb34,
+	0xbb50, 0xbb50,
+	0xbb6c, 0xbb6c,
+	0xbb88, 0xbb88,
+	0xbba4, 0xbba4,
+	0xbbc0, 0xbbc0,
+	0xbbdc, 0xbbdc,
+	0xbbf8, 0xbbf8,
+	0xbc14, 0xbc14,
+	0xbc30, 0xbc30,
+	0xbc4c, 0xbc4c,
+	0xbc68, 0xbc68,
+	0xbc84, 0xbc84,
+	0xbca0, 0xbca0,
+	0xbcbc, 0xbcbc,
+	0xbcd8, 0xbcd8,
+	0xbcf4, 0xbcf4,
+	0xbd10, 0xbd10,
+	0xbd2c, 0xbd2c,
+	0xbd48, 0xbd48,
+	0xbd64, 0xbd64,
+	0xbd80, 0xbd80,
+	0xbd9c, 0xbd9c,
+	0xbdb8, 0xbdb8,
+	0xbdd4, 0xbdd4,
+	0xbdf0, 0xbdf0,
+	0xbe0c, 0xbe0c,
+	0xbe28, 0xbe28,
+	0xbe44, 0xbe44,
+	0xbe60, 0xbe60,
+	0xbe7c, 0xbe7c,
+	0xbe98, 0xbe98,
+	0xbeb4, 0xbeb4,
+	0xbed0, 0xbed0,
+	0xbeec, 0xbeec,
+	0xbf08, 0xbf08,
+	0xbf24, 0xbf24,
+	0xbf40, 0xbf40,
+	0xbf5c, 0xbf5c,
+	0xbf78, 0xbf78,
+	0xbf94, 0xbf94,
+	0xbfb0, 0xbfb0,
+	0xbfcc, 0xbfcc,
+	0xbfe8, 0xbfe8,
+	0xc004, 0xc004,
+	0xc020, 0xc020,
+	0xc03c, 0xc03c,
+	0xc058, 0xc058,
+	0xc074, 0xc074,
+	0xc090, 0xc090,
+	0xc0ac, 0xc0ac,
+	0xc0c8, 0xc0c8,
+	0xc0e4, 0xc0e4,
+	0xc100, 0xc100,
+	0xc11c, 0xc11c,
+	0xc138, 0xc138,
+	0xc154, 0xc154,
+	0xc170, 0xc170,
+	0xc18c, 0xc18c,
+	0xc1a8, 0xc1a8,
+	0xc1c4, 0xc1c4,
+	0xc1e0, 0xc1e0,
+	0xc1fc, 0xc1fc,
+	0xc218, 0xc218,
+	0xc234, 0xc234,
+	0xc250, 0xc250,
+	0xc26c, 0xc26c,
+	0xc288, 0xc288,
+	0xc2a4, 0xc2a4,
+	0xc2c0, 0xc2c0,
+	0xc2dc, 0xc2dc,
+	0xc2f8, 0xc2f8,
+	0xc314, 0xc314,
+	0xc330, 0xc330,
+	0xc34c, 0xc34c,
+	0xc368, 0xc368,
+	0xc384, 0xc384,
+	0xc3a0, 0xc3a0,
+	0xc3bc, 0xc3bc,
+	0xc3d8, 0xc3d8,
+	0xc3f4, 0xc3f4,
+	0xc410, 0xc410,
+	0xc42c, 0xc42c,
+	0xc448, 0xc448,
+	0xc464, 0xc464,
+	0xc480, 0xc480,
+	0xc49c, 0xc49c,
+	0xc4b8, 0xc4b8,
+	0xc4d4, 0xc4d4,
+	0xc4f0, 0xc4f0,
+	0xc50c, 0xc50c,
+	0xc528, 0xc528,
+	0xc544, 0xc544,
+	0xc560, 0xc560,
+	0xc57c, 0xc57c,
+	0xc598, 0xc598,
+	0xc5b4, 0xc5b4,
+	0xc5d0, 0xc5d0,
+	0xc5ec, 0xc5ec,
+	0xc608, 0xc608,
+	0xc624, 0xc624,
+	0xc640, 0xc640,
+	0xc65c, 0xc65c,
+	0xc678, 0xc678,
+	0xc694, 0xc694,
+	0xc6b0, 0xc6b0,
+	0xc6cc, 0xc6cc,
+	0xc6e8, 0xc6e8,
+	0xc704, 0xc704,
+	0xc720, 0xc720,
+	0xc73c, 0xc73c,
+	0xc758, 0xc758,
+	0xc774, 0xc774,
+	0xc790, 0xc790,
+	0xc7ac, 0xc7ac,
+	0xc7c8, 0xc7c8,
+	0xc7e4, 0xc7e4,
+	0xc800, 0xc800,
+	0xc81c, 0xc81c,
+	0xc838, 0xc838,
+	0xc854, 0xc854,
+	0xc870, 0xc870,
+	0xc88c, 0xc88c,
+	0xc8a8, 0xc8a8,
+	0xc8c4, 0xc8c4,
+	0xc8e0, 0xc8e0,
+	0xc8fc, 0xc8fc,
+	0xc918, 0xc918,
+	0xc934, 0xc934,
+	0xc950, 0xc950,
+	0xc96c, 0xc96c,
+	0xc988, 0xc988,
+	0xc9a4, 0xc9a4,
+	0xc9c0, 0xc9c0,
+	0xc9dc, 0xc9dc,
+	0xc9f8, 0xc9f8,
+	0xca14, 0xca14,
+	0xca30, 0xca30,
+	0xca4c, 0xca4c,
+	0xca68, 0xca68,
+	0xca84, 0xca84,
+	0xcaa0, 0xcaa0,
+	0xcabc, 0xcabc,
+	0xcad8, 0xcad8,
+	0xcaf4, 0xcaf4,
+	0xcb10, 0xcb10,
+	0xcb2c, 0xcb2c,
+	0xcb48, 0xcb48,
+	0xcb64, 0xcb64,
+	0xcb80, 0xcb80,
+	0xcb9c, 0xcb9c,
+	0xcbb8, 0xcbb8,
+	0xcbd4, 0xcbd4,
+	0xcbf0, 0xcbf0,
+	0xcc0c, 0xcc0c,
+	0xcc28, 0xcc28,
+	0xcc44, 0xcc44,
+	0xcc60, 0xcc60,
+	0xcc7c, 0xcc7c,
+	0xcc98, 0xcc98,
+	0xccb4, 0xccb4,
+	0xccd0, 0xccd0,
+	0xccec, 0xccec,
+	0xcd08, 0xcd08,
+	0xcd24, 0xcd24,
+	0xcd40, 0xcd40,
+	0xcd5c, 0xcd5c,
+	0xcd78, 0xcd78,
+	0xcd94, 0xcd94,
+	0xcdb0, 0xcdb0,
+	0xcdcc, 0xcdcc,
+	0xcde8, 0xcde8,
+	0xce04, 0xce04,
+	0xce20, 0xce20,
+	0xce3c, 0xce3c,
+	0xce58, 0xce58,
+	0xce74, 0xce74,
+	0xce90, 0xce90,
+	0xceac, 0xceac,
+	0xcec8, 0xcec8,
+	0xcee4, 0xcee4,
+	0xcf00, 0xcf00,
+	0xcf1c, 0xcf1c,
+	0xcf38, 0xcf38,
+	0xcf54, 0xcf54,
+	0xcf70, 0xcf70,
+	0xcf8c, 0xcf8c,
+	0xcfa8, 0xcfa8,
+	0xcfc4, 0xcfc4,
+	0xcfe0, 0xcfe0,
+	0xcffc, 0xcffc,
+	0xd018, 0xd018,
+	0xd034, 0xd034,
+	0xd050, 0xd050,
+	0xd06c, 0xd06c,
+	0xd088, 0xd088,
+	0xd0a4, 0xd0a4,
+	0xd0c0, 0xd0c0,
+	0xd0dc, 0xd0dc,
+	0xd0f8, 0xd0f8,
+	0xd114, 0xd114,
+	0xd130, 0xd130,
+	0xd14c, 0xd14c,
+	0xd168, 0xd168,
+	0xd184, 0xd184,
+	0xd1a0, 0xd1a0,
+	0xd1bc, 0xd1bc,
+	0xd1d8, 0xd1d8,
+	0xd1f4, 0xd1f4,
+	0xd210, 0xd210,
+	0xd22c, 0xd22c,
+	0xd248, 0xd248,
+	0xd264, 0xd264,
+	0xd280, 0xd280,
+	0xd29c, 0xd29c,
+	0xd2b8, 0xd2b8,
+	0xd2d4, 0xd2d4,
+	0xd2f0, 0xd2f0,
+	0xd30c, 0xd30c,
+	0xd328, 0xd328,
+	0xd344, 0xd344,
+	0xd360, 0xd360,
+	0xd37c, 0xd37c,
+	0xd398, 0xd398,
+	0xd3b4, 0xd3b4,
+	0xd3d0, 0xd3d0,
+	0xd3ec, 0xd3ec,
+	0xd408, 0xd408,
+	0xd424, 0xd424,
+	0xd440, 0xd440,
+	0xd45c, 0xd45c,
+	0xd478, 0xd478,
+	0xd494, 0xd494,
+	0xd4b0, 0xd4b0,
+	0xd4cc, 0xd4cc,
+	0xd4e8, 0xd4e8,
+	0xd504, 0xd504,
+	0xd520, 0xd520,
+	0xd53c, 0xd53c,
+	0xd558, 0xd558,
+	0xd574, 0xd574,
+	0xd590, 0xd590,
+	0xd5ac, 0xd5ac,
+	0xd5c8, 0xd5c8,
+	0xd5e4, 0xd5e4,
+	0xd600, 0xd600,
+	0xd61c, 0xd61c,
+	0xd638, 0xd638,
+	0xd654, 0xd654,
+	0xd670, 0xd670,
+	0xd68c, 0xd68c,
+	0xd6a8, 0xd6a8,
+	0xd6c4, 0xd6c4,
+	0xd6e0, 0xd6e0,
+	0xd6fc, 0xd6fc,
+	0xd718, 0xd718,
+	0xd734, 0xd734,
+	0xd750, 0xd750,
+	0xd76c, 0xd76c,
+	0xd788, 0xd788,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=LVT */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT[] = {
+	399,
+	0xac01, 0xac1b,
+	0xac1d, 0xac37,
+	0xac39, 0xac53,
+	0xac55, 0xac6f,
+	0xac71, 0xac8b,
+	0xac8d, 0xaca7,
+	0xaca9, 0xacc3,
+	0xacc5, 0xacdf,
+	0xace1, 0xacfb,
+	0xacfd, 0xad17,
+	0xad19, 0xad33,
+	0xad35, 0xad4f,
+	0xad51, 0xad6b,
+	0xad6d, 0xad87,
+	0xad89, 0xada3,
+	0xada5, 0xadbf,
+	0xadc1, 0xaddb,
+	0xaddd, 0xadf7,
+	0xadf9, 0xae13,
+	0xae15, 0xae2f,
+	0xae31, 0xae4b,
+	0xae4d, 0xae67,
+	0xae69, 0xae83,
+	0xae85, 0xae9f,
+	0xaea1, 0xaebb,
+	0xaebd, 0xaed7,
+	0xaed9, 0xaef3,
+	0xaef5, 0xaf0f,
+	0xaf11, 0xaf2b,
+	0xaf2d, 0xaf47,
+	0xaf49, 0xaf63,
+	0xaf65, 0xaf7f,
+	0xaf81, 0xaf9b,
+	0xaf9d, 0xafb7,
+	0xafb9, 0xafd3,
+	0xafd5, 0xafef,
+	0xaff1, 0xb00b,
+	0xb00d, 0xb027,
+	0xb029, 0xb043,
+	0xb045, 0xb05f,
+	0xb061, 0xb07b,
+	0xb07d, 0xb097,
+	0xb099, 0xb0b3,
+	0xb0b5, 0xb0cf,
+	0xb0d1, 0xb0eb,
+	0xb0ed, 0xb107,
+	0xb109, 0xb123,
+	0xb125, 0xb13f,
+	0xb141, 0xb15b,
+	0xb15d, 0xb177,
+	0xb179, 0xb193,
+	0xb195, 0xb1af,
+	0xb1b1, 0xb1cb,
+	0xb1cd, 0xb1e7,
+	0xb1e9, 0xb203,
+	0xb205, 0xb21f,
+	0xb221, 0xb23b,
+	0xb23d, 0xb257,
+	0xb259, 0xb273,
+	0xb275, 0xb28f,
+	0xb291, 0xb2ab,
+	0xb2ad, 0xb2c7,
+	0xb2c9, 0xb2e3,
+	0xb2e5, 0xb2ff,
+	0xb301, 0xb31b,
+	0xb31d, 0xb337,
+	0xb339, 0xb353,
+	0xb355, 0xb36f,
+	0xb371, 0xb38b,
+	0xb38d, 0xb3a7,
+	0xb3a9, 0xb3c3,
+	0xb3c5, 0xb3df,
+	0xb3e1, 0xb3fb,
+	0xb3fd, 0xb417,
+	0xb419, 0xb433,
+	0xb435, 0xb44f,
+	0xb451, 0xb46b,
+	0xb46d, 0xb487,
+	0xb489, 0xb4a3,
+	0xb4a5, 0xb4bf,
+	0xb4c1, 0xb4db,
+	0xb4dd, 0xb4f7,
+	0xb4f9, 0xb513,
+	0xb515, 0xb52f,
+	0xb531, 0xb54b,
+	0xb54d, 0xb567,
+	0xb569, 0xb583,
+	0xb585, 0xb59f,
+	0xb5a1, 0xb5bb,
+	0xb5bd, 0xb5d7,
+	0xb5d9, 0xb5f3,
+	0xb5f5, 0xb60f,
+	0xb611, 0xb62b,
+	0xb62d, 0xb647,
+	0xb649, 0xb663,
+	0xb665, 0xb67f,
+	0xb681, 0xb69b,
+	0xb69d, 0xb6b7,
+	0xb6b9, 0xb6d3,
+	0xb6d5, 0xb6ef,
+	0xb6f1, 0xb70b,
+	0xb70d, 0xb727,
+	0xb729, 0xb743,
+	0xb745, 0xb75f,
+	0xb761, 0xb77b,
+	0xb77d, 0xb797,
+	0xb799, 0xb7b3,
+	0xb7b5, 0xb7cf,
+	0xb7d1, 0xb7eb,
+	0xb7ed, 0xb807,
+	0xb809, 0xb823,
+	0xb825, 0xb83f,
+	0xb841, 0xb85b,
+	0xb85d, 0xb877,
+	0xb879, 0xb893,
+	0xb895, 0xb8af,
+	0xb8b1, 0xb8cb,
+	0xb8cd, 0xb8e7,
+	0xb8e9, 0xb903,
+	0xb905, 0xb91f,
+	0xb921, 0xb93b,
+	0xb93d, 0xb957,
+	0xb959, 0xb973,
+	0xb975, 0xb98f,
+	0xb991, 0xb9ab,
+	0xb9ad, 0xb9c7,
+	0xb9c9, 0xb9e3,
+	0xb9e5, 0xb9ff,
+	0xba01, 0xba1b,
+	0xba1d, 0xba37,
+	0xba39, 0xba53,
+	0xba55, 0xba6f,
+	0xba71, 0xba8b,
+	0xba8d, 0xbaa7,
+	0xbaa9, 0xbac3,
+	0xbac5, 0xbadf,
+	0xbae1, 0xbafb,
+	0xbafd, 0xbb17,
+	0xbb19, 0xbb33,
+	0xbb35, 0xbb4f,
+	0xbb51, 0xbb6b,
+	0xbb6d, 0xbb87,
+	0xbb89, 0xbba3,
+	0xbba5, 0xbbbf,
+	0xbbc1, 0xbbdb,
+	0xbbdd, 0xbbf7,
+	0xbbf9, 0xbc13,
+	0xbc15, 0xbc2f,
+	0xbc31, 0xbc4b,
+	0xbc4d, 0xbc67,
+	0xbc69, 0xbc83,
+	0xbc85, 0xbc9f,
+	0xbca1, 0xbcbb,
+	0xbcbd, 0xbcd7,
+	0xbcd9, 0xbcf3,
+	0xbcf5, 0xbd0f,
+	0xbd11, 0xbd2b,
+	0xbd2d, 0xbd47,
+	0xbd49, 0xbd63,
+	0xbd65, 0xbd7f,
+	0xbd81, 0xbd9b,
+	0xbd9d, 0xbdb7,
+	0xbdb9, 0xbdd3,
+	0xbdd5, 0xbdef,
+	0xbdf1, 0xbe0b,
+	0xbe0d, 0xbe27,
+	0xbe29, 0xbe43,
+	0xbe45, 0xbe5f,
+	0xbe61, 0xbe7b,
+	0xbe7d, 0xbe97,
+	0xbe99, 0xbeb3,
+	0xbeb5, 0xbecf,
+	0xbed1, 0xbeeb,
+	0xbeed, 0xbf07,
+	0xbf09, 0xbf23,
+	0xbf25, 0xbf3f,
+	0xbf41, 0xbf5b,
+	0xbf5d, 0xbf77,
+	0xbf79, 0xbf93,
+	0xbf95, 0xbfaf,
+	0xbfb1, 0xbfcb,
+	0xbfcd, 0xbfe7,
+	0xbfe9, 0xc003,
+	0xc005, 0xc01f,
+	0xc021, 0xc03b,
+	0xc03d, 0xc057,
+	0xc059, 0xc073,
+	0xc075, 0xc08f,
+	0xc091, 0xc0ab,
+	0xc0ad, 0xc0c7,
+	0xc0c9, 0xc0e3,
+	0xc0e5, 0xc0ff,
+	0xc101, 0xc11b,
+	0xc11d, 0xc137,
+	0xc139, 0xc153,
+	0xc155, 0xc16f,
+	0xc171, 0xc18b,
+	0xc18d, 0xc1a7,
+	0xc1a9, 0xc1c3,
+	0xc1c5, 0xc1df,
+	0xc1e1, 0xc1fb,
+	0xc1fd, 0xc217,
+	0xc219, 0xc233,
+	0xc235, 0xc24f,
+	0xc251, 0xc26b,
+	0xc26d, 0xc287,
+	0xc289, 0xc2a3,
+	0xc2a5, 0xc2bf,
+	0xc2c1, 0xc2db,
+	0xc2dd, 0xc2f7,
+	0xc2f9, 0xc313,
+	0xc315, 0xc32f,
+	0xc331, 0xc34b,
+	0xc34d, 0xc367,
+	0xc369, 0xc383,
+	0xc385, 0xc39f,
+	0xc3a1, 0xc3bb,
+	0xc3bd, 0xc3d7,
+	0xc3d9, 0xc3f3,
+	0xc3f5, 0xc40f,
+	0xc411, 0xc42b,
+	0xc42d, 0xc447,
+	0xc449, 0xc463,
+	0xc465, 0xc47f,
+	0xc481, 0xc49b,
+	0xc49d, 0xc4b7,
+	0xc4b9, 0xc4d3,
+	0xc4d5, 0xc4ef,
+	0xc4f1, 0xc50b,
+	0xc50d, 0xc527,
+	0xc529, 0xc543,
+	0xc545, 0xc55f,
+	0xc561, 0xc57b,
+	0xc57d, 0xc597,
+	0xc599, 0xc5b3,
+	0xc5b5, 0xc5cf,
+	0xc5d1, 0xc5eb,
+	0xc5ed, 0xc607,
+	0xc609, 0xc623,
+	0xc625, 0xc63f,
+	0xc641, 0xc65b,
+	0xc65d, 0xc677,
+	0xc679, 0xc693,
+	0xc695, 0xc6af,
+	0xc6b1, 0xc6cb,
+	0xc6cd, 0xc6e7,
+	0xc6e9, 0xc703,
+	0xc705, 0xc71f,
+	0xc721, 0xc73b,
+	0xc73d, 0xc757,
+	0xc759, 0xc773,
+	0xc775, 0xc78f,
+	0xc791, 0xc7ab,
+	0xc7ad, 0xc7c7,
+	0xc7c9, 0xc7e3,
+	0xc7e5, 0xc7ff,
+	0xc801, 0xc81b,
+	0xc81d, 0xc837,
+	0xc839, 0xc853,
+	0xc855, 0xc86f,
+	0xc871, 0xc88b,
+	0xc88d, 0xc8a7,
+	0xc8a9, 0xc8c3,
+	0xc8c5, 0xc8df,
+	0xc8e1, 0xc8fb,
+	0xc8fd, 0xc917,
+	0xc919, 0xc933,
+	0xc935, 0xc94f,
+	0xc951, 0xc96b,
+	0xc96d, 0xc987,
+	0xc989, 0xc9a3,
+	0xc9a5, 0xc9bf,
+	0xc9c1, 0xc9db,
+	0xc9dd, 0xc9f7,
+	0xc9f9, 0xca13,
+	0xca15, 0xca2f,
+	0xca31, 0xca4b,
+	0xca4d, 0xca67,
+	0xca69, 0xca83,
+	0xca85, 0xca9f,
+	0xcaa1, 0xcabb,
+	0xcabd, 0xcad7,
+	0xcad9, 0xcaf3,
+	0xcaf5, 0xcb0f,
+	0xcb11, 0xcb2b,
+	0xcb2d, 0xcb47,
+	0xcb49, 0xcb63,
+	0xcb65, 0xcb7f,
+	0xcb81, 0xcb9b,
+	0xcb9d, 0xcbb7,
+	0xcbb9, 0xcbd3,
+	0xcbd5, 0xcbef,
+	0xcbf1, 0xcc0b,
+	0xcc0d, 0xcc27,
+	0xcc29, 0xcc43,
+	0xcc45, 0xcc5f,
+	0xcc61, 0xcc7b,
+	0xcc7d, 0xcc97,
+	0xcc99, 0xccb3,
+	0xccb5, 0xcccf,
+	0xccd1, 0xcceb,
+	0xcced, 0xcd07,
+	0xcd09, 0xcd23,
+	0xcd25, 0xcd3f,
+	0xcd41, 0xcd5b,
+	0xcd5d, 0xcd77,
+	0xcd79, 0xcd93,
+	0xcd95, 0xcdaf,
+	0xcdb1, 0xcdcb,
+	0xcdcd, 0xcde7,
+	0xcde9, 0xce03,
+	0xce05, 0xce1f,
+	0xce21, 0xce3b,
+	0xce3d, 0xce57,
+	0xce59, 0xce73,
+	0xce75, 0xce8f,
+	0xce91, 0xceab,
+	0xcead, 0xcec7,
+	0xcec9, 0xcee3,
+	0xcee5, 0xceff,
+	0xcf01, 0xcf1b,
+	0xcf1d, 0xcf37,
+	0xcf39, 0xcf53,
+	0xcf55, 0xcf6f,
+	0xcf71, 0xcf8b,
+	0xcf8d, 0xcfa7,
+	0xcfa9, 0xcfc3,
+	0xcfc5, 0xcfdf,
+	0xcfe1, 0xcffb,
+	0xcffd, 0xd017,
+	0xd019, 0xd033,
+	0xd035, 0xd04f,
+	0xd051, 0xd06b,
+	0xd06d, 0xd087,
+	0xd089, 0xd0a3,
+	0xd0a5, 0xd0bf,
+	0xd0c1, 0xd0db,
+	0xd0dd, 0xd0f7,
+	0xd0f9, 0xd113,
+	0xd115, 0xd12f,
+	0xd131, 0xd14b,
+	0xd14d, 0xd167,
+	0xd169, 0xd183,
+	0xd185, 0xd19f,
+	0xd1a1, 0xd1bb,
+	0xd1bd, 0xd1d7,
+	0xd1d9, 0xd1f3,
+	0xd1f5, 0xd20f,
+	0xd211, 0xd22b,
+	0xd22d, 0xd247,
+	0xd249, 0xd263,
+	0xd265, 0xd27f,
+	0xd281, 0xd29b,
+	0xd29d, 0xd2b7,
+	0xd2b9, 0xd2d3,
+	0xd2d5, 0xd2ef,
+	0xd2f1, 0xd30b,
+	0xd30d, 0xd327,
+	0xd329, 0xd343,
+	0xd345, 0xd35f,
+	0xd361, 0xd37b,
+	0xd37d, 0xd397,
+	0xd399, 0xd3b3,
+	0xd3b5, 0xd3cf,
+	0xd3d1, 0xd3eb,
+	0xd3ed, 0xd407,
+	0xd409, 0xd423,
+	0xd425, 0xd43f,
+	0xd441, 0xd45b,
+	0xd45d, 0xd477,
+	0xd479, 0xd493,
+	0xd495, 0xd4af,
+	0xd4b1, 0xd4cb,
+	0xd4cd, 0xd4e7,
+	0xd4e9, 0xd503,
+	0xd505, 0xd51f,
+	0xd521, 0xd53b,
+	0xd53d, 0xd557,
+	0xd559, 0xd573,
+	0xd575, 0xd58f,
+	0xd591, 0xd5ab,
+	0xd5ad, 0xd5c7,
+	0xd5c9, 0xd5e3,
+	0xd5e5, 0xd5ff,
+	0xd601, 0xd61b,
+	0xd61d, 0xd637,
+	0xd639, 0xd653,
+	0xd655, 0xd66f,
+	0xd671, 0xd68b,
+	0xd68d, 0xd6a7,
+	0xd6a9, 0xd6c3,
+	0xd6c5, 0xd6df,
+	0xd6e1, 0xd6fb,
+	0xd6fd, 0xd717,
+	0xd719, 0xd733,
+	0xd735, 0xd74f,
+	0xd751, 0xd76b,
+	0xd76d, 0xd787,
+	0xd789, 0xd7a3,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT */
+
+/* 'Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ': Grapheme_Cluster_Break=ZWJ */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ[] = {
+	1,
+	0x200d, 0x200d,
+}; /* CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ */
+
+/* 'In_Basic_Latin': Block */
+#define CR_In_Basic_Latin CR_ASCII
+
+/* 'In_Latin_1_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_1_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0080, 0x00ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_1_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0100, 0x017f,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0180, 0x024f,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_IPA_Extensions': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_IPA_Extensions[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0250, 0x02af,
+}; /* CR_In_IPA_Extensions */
+
+/* 'In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters[] = {
+	1,
+	0x02b0, 0x02ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters */
+
+/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0300, 0x036f,
+}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks */
+
+/* 'In_Greek_and_Coptic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Greek_and_Coptic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0370, 0x03ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Greek_and_Coptic */
+
+/* 'In_Cyrillic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0400, 0x04ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic */
+
+/* 'In_Cyrillic_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0500, 0x052f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Armenian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Armenian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0530, 0x058f,
+}; /* CR_In_Armenian */
+
+/* 'In_Hebrew': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hebrew[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0590, 0x05ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Hebrew */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0600, 0x06ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic */
+
+/* 'In_Syriac': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Syriac[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0700, 0x074f,
+}; /* CR_In_Syriac */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0750, 0x077f,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Thaana': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Thaana[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0780, 0x07bf,
+}; /* CR_In_Thaana */
+
+/* 'In_NKo': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_NKo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x07c0, 0x07ff,
+}; /* CR_In_NKo */
+
+/* 'In_Samaritan': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Samaritan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0800, 0x083f,
+}; /* CR_In_Samaritan */
+
+/* 'In_Mandaic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mandaic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0840, 0x085f,
+}; /* CR_In_Mandaic */
+
+/* 'In_Syriac_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Syriac_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0860, 0x086f,
+}; /* CR_In_Syriac_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0870, 0x089f,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x08a0, 0x08ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Devanagari': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Devanagari[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0900, 0x097f,
+}; /* CR_In_Devanagari */
+
+/* 'In_Bengali': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bengali[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0980, 0x09ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Bengali */
+
+/* 'In_Gurmukhi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gurmukhi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0a00, 0x0a7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Gurmukhi */
+
+/* 'In_Gujarati': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gujarati[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0a80, 0x0aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Gujarati */
+
+/* 'In_Oriya': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Oriya[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0b00, 0x0b7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Oriya */
+
+/* 'In_Tamil': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tamil[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0b80, 0x0bff,
+}; /* CR_In_Tamil */
+
+/* 'In_Telugu': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Telugu[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0c00, 0x0c7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Telugu */
+
+/* 'In_Kannada': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kannada[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0c80, 0x0cff,
+}; /* CR_In_Kannada */
+
+/* 'In_Malayalam': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Malayalam[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0d00, 0x0d7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Malayalam */
+
+/* 'In_Sinhala': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sinhala[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0d80, 0x0dff,
+}; /* CR_In_Sinhala */
+
+/* 'In_Thai': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Thai[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0e00, 0x0e7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Thai */
+
+/* 'In_Lao': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lao[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0e80, 0x0eff,
+}; /* CR_In_Lao */
+
+/* 'In_Tibetan': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tibetan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x0f00, 0x0fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Tibetan */
+
+/* 'In_Myanmar': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Myanmar[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1000, 0x109f,
+}; /* CR_In_Myanmar */
+
+/* 'In_Georgian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Georgian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10a0, 0x10ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Georgian */
+
+/* 'In_Hangul_Jamo': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Jamo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1100, 0x11ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Jamo */
+
+/* 'In_Ethiopic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1200, 0x137f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic */
+
+/* 'In_Ethiopic_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1380, 0x139f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Cherokee': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cherokee[] = {
+	1,
+	0x13a0, 0x13ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Cherokee */
+
+/* 'In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1400, 0x167f,
+}; /* CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics */
+
+/* 'In_Ogham': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ogham[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1680, 0x169f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ogham */
+
+/* 'In_Runic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Runic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16a0, 0x16ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Runic */
+
+/* 'In_Tagalog': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tagalog[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1700, 0x171f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tagalog */
+
+/* 'In_Hanunoo': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hanunoo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1720, 0x173f,
+}; /* CR_In_Hanunoo */
+
+/* 'In_Buhid': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Buhid[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1740, 0x175f,
+}; /* CR_In_Buhid */
+
+/* 'In_Tagbanwa': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tagbanwa[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1760, 0x177f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tagbanwa */
+
+/* 'In_Khmer': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khmer[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1780, 0x17ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Khmer */
+
+/* 'In_Mongolian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mongolian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1800, 0x18af,
+}; /* CR_In_Mongolian */
+
+/* 'In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x18b0, 0x18ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_Limbu': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Limbu[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1900, 0x194f,
+}; /* CR_In_Limbu */
+
+/* 'In_Tai_Le': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Le[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1950, 0x197f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tai_Le */
+
+/* 'In_New_Tai_Lue': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_New_Tai_Lue[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1980, 0x19df,
+}; /* CR_In_New_Tai_Lue */
+
+/* 'In_Khmer_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khmer_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x19e0, 0x19ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Khmer_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Buginese': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Buginese[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1a00, 0x1a1f,
+}; /* CR_In_Buginese */
+
+/* 'In_Tai_Tham': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Tham[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1a20, 0x1aaf,
+}; /* CR_In_Tai_Tham */
+
+/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1ab0, 0x1aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_Balinese': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Balinese[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1b00, 0x1b7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Balinese */
+
+/* 'In_Sundanese': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sundanese[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1b80, 0x1bbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Sundanese */
+
+/* 'In_Batak': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Batak[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1bc0, 0x1bff,
+}; /* CR_In_Batak */
+
+/* 'In_Lepcha': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lepcha[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1c00, 0x1c4f,
+}; /* CR_In_Lepcha */
+
+/* 'In_Ol_Chiki': Block */
+#define CR_In_Ol_Chiki CR_Ol_Chiki
+
+/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_C': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_C[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1c80, 0x1c8f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_C */
+
+/* 'In_Georgian_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Georgian_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1c90, 0x1cbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Georgian_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_Sundanese_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sundanese_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1cc0, 0x1ccf,
+}; /* CR_In_Sundanese_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Vedic_Extensions': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vedic_Extensions[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1cd0, 0x1cff,
+}; /* CR_In_Vedic_Extensions */
+
+/* 'In_Phonetic_Extensions': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d00, 0x1d7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions */
+
+/* 'In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d80, 0x1dbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1dc0, 0x1dff,
+}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_Additional': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_Additional[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e00, 0x1eff,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_Additional */
+
+/* 'In_Greek_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Greek_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f00, 0x1fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Greek_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_General_Punctuation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_General_Punctuation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2000, 0x206f,
+}; /* CR_In_General_Punctuation */
+
+/* 'In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2070, 0x209f,
+}; /* CR_In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts */
+
+/* 'In_Currency_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Currency_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x20a0, 0x20cf,
+}; /* CR_In_Currency_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x20d0, 0x20ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Letterlike_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Letterlike_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2100, 0x214f,
+}; /* CR_In_Letterlike_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Number_Forms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Number_Forms[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2150, 0x218f,
+}; /* CR_In_Number_Forms */
+
+/* 'In_Arrows': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arrows[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2190, 0x21ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arrows */
+
+/* 'In_Mathematical_Operators': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mathematical_Operators[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2200, 0x22ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Mathematical_Operators */
+
+/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Technical': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Technical[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2300, 0x23ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Technical */
+
+/* 'In_Control_Pictures': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Control_Pictures[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2400, 0x243f,
+}; /* CR_In_Control_Pictures */
+
+/* 'In_Optical_Character_Recognition': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Optical_Character_Recognition[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2440, 0x245f,
+}; /* CR_In_Optical_Character_Recognition */
+
+/* 'In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2460, 0x24ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics */
+
+/* 'In_Box_Drawing': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Box_Drawing[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2500, 0x257f,
+}; /* CR_In_Box_Drawing */
+
+/* 'In_Block_Elements': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Block_Elements[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2580, 0x259f,
+}; /* CR_In_Block_Elements */
+
+/* 'In_Geometric_Shapes': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Geometric_Shapes[] = {
+	1,
+	0x25a0, 0x25ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Geometric_Shapes */
+
+/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2600, 0x26ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Dingbats': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Dingbats[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2700, 0x27bf,
+}; /* CR_In_Dingbats */
+
+/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x27c0, 0x27ef,
+}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A */
+
+/* 'In_Supplemental_Arrows_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x27f0, 0x27ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_A */
+
+/* 'In_Braille_Patterns': Block */
+#define CR_In_Braille_Patterns CR_Braille
+
+/* 'In_Supplemental_Arrows_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2900, 0x297f,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_B */
+
+/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2980, 0x29ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B */
+
+/* 'In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2a00, 0x2aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators */
+
+/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2b00, 0x2bff,
+}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows */
+
+/* 'In_Glagolitic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Glagolitic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2c00, 0x2c5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Glagolitic */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_C': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_C[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2c60, 0x2c7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_C */
+
+/* 'In_Coptic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Coptic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2c80, 0x2cff,
+}; /* CR_In_Coptic */
+
+/* 'In_Georgian_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Georgian_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2d00, 0x2d2f,
+}; /* CR_In_Georgian_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Tifinagh': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tifinagh[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2d30, 0x2d7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tifinagh */
+
+/* 'In_Ethiopic_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2d80, 0x2ddf,
+}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2de0, 0x2dff,
+}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Supplemental_Punctuation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Punctuation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2e00, 0x2e7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Punctuation */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2e80, 0x2eff,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Kangxi_Radicals': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kangxi_Radicals[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2f00, 0x2fdf,
+}; /* CR_In_Kangxi_Radicals */
+
+/* 'In_Ideographic_Description_Characters': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ideographic_Description_Characters[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2ff0, 0x2fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Ideographic_Description_Characters */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3000, 0x303f,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation */
+
+/* 'In_Hiragana': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hiragana[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3040, 0x309f,
+}; /* CR_In_Hiragana */
+
+/* 'In_Katakana': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Katakana[] = {
+	1,
+	0x30a0, 0x30ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Katakana */
+
+/* 'In_Bopomofo': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bopomofo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3100, 0x312f,
+}; /* CR_In_Bopomofo */
+
+/* 'In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3130, 0x318f,
+}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo */
+
+/* 'In_Kanbun': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kanbun[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3190, 0x319f,
+}; /* CR_In_Kanbun */
+
+/* 'In_Bopomofo_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bopomofo_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x31a0, 0x31bf,
+}; /* CR_In_Bopomofo_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Strokes': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Strokes[] = {
+	1,
+	0x31c0, 0x31ef,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Strokes */
+
+/* 'In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions[] = {
+	1,
+	0x31f0, 0x31ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions */
+
+/* 'In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3200, 0x32ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3300, 0x33ff,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x3400, 0x4dbf,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A */
+
+/* 'In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x4dc0, 0x4dff,
+}; /* CR_In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x4e00, 0x9fff,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs */
+
+/* 'In_Yi_Syllables': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yi_Syllables[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa000, 0xa48f,
+}; /* CR_In_Yi_Syllables */
+
+/* 'In_Yi_Radicals': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yi_Radicals[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa490, 0xa4cf,
+}; /* CR_In_Yi_Radicals */
+
+/* 'In_Lisu': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lisu[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa4d0, 0xa4ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Lisu */
+
+/* 'In_Vai': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vai[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa500, 0xa63f,
+}; /* CR_In_Vai */
+
+/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa640, 0xa69f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_Bamum': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bamum[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa6a0, 0xa6ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Bamum */
+
+/* 'In_Modifier_Tone_Letters': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Modifier_Tone_Letters[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa700, 0xa71f,
+}; /* CR_In_Modifier_Tone_Letters */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_D': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_D[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa720, 0xa7ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_D */
+
+/* 'In_Syloti_Nagri': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Syloti_Nagri[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa800, 0xa82f,
+}; /* CR_In_Syloti_Nagri */
+
+/* 'In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa830, 0xa83f,
+}; /* CR_In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms */
+
+/* 'In_Phags_pa': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phags_pa[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa840, 0xa87f,
+}; /* CR_In_Phags_pa */
+
+/* 'In_Saurashtra': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Saurashtra[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa880, 0xa8df,
+}; /* CR_In_Saurashtra */
+
+/* 'In_Devanagari_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Devanagari_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa8e0, 0xa8ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Devanagari_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_Kayah_Li': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kayah_Li[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa900, 0xa92f,
+}; /* CR_In_Kayah_Li */
+
+/* 'In_Rejang': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Rejang[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa930, 0xa95f,
+}; /* CR_In_Rejang */
+
+/* 'In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa960, 0xa97f,
+}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Javanese': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Javanese[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa980, 0xa9df,
+}; /* CR_In_Javanese */
+
+/* 'In_Myanmar_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0xa9e0, 0xa9ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_Cham': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cham[] = {
+	1,
+	0xaa00, 0xaa5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cham */
+
+/* 'In_Myanmar_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0xaa60, 0xaa7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Tai_Viet': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Viet[] = {
+	1,
+	0xaa80, 0xaadf,
+}; /* CR_In_Tai_Viet */
+
+/* 'In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions[] = {
+	1,
+	0xaae0, 0xaaff,
+}; /* CR_In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions */
+
+/* 'In_Ethiopic_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0xab00, 0xab2f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_E': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_E[] = {
+	1,
+	0xab30, 0xab6f,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_E */
+
+/* 'In_Cherokee_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cherokee_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0xab70, 0xabbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Cherokee_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Meetei_Mayek': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Meetei_Mayek[] = {
+	1,
+	0xabc0, 0xabff,
+}; /* CR_In_Meetei_Mayek */
+
+/* 'In_Hangul_Syllables': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Syllables[] = {
+	1,
+	0xac00, 0xd7af,
+}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Syllables */
+
+/* 'In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0xd7b0, 0xd7ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_High_Surrogates': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_High_Surrogates[] = {
+	1,
+	0xd800, 0xdb7f,
+}; /* CR_In_High_Surrogates */
+
+/* 'In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates[] = {
+	1,
+	0xdb80, 0xdbff,
+}; /* CR_In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates */
+
+/* 'In_Low_Surrogates': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Low_Surrogates[] = {
+	1,
+	0xdc00, 0xdfff,
+}; /* CR_In_Low_Surrogates */
+
+/* 'In_Private_Use_Area': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Private_Use_Area[] = {
+	1,
+	0xe000, 0xf8ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Private_Use_Area */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs[] = {
+	1,
+	0xf900, 0xfaff,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs */
+
+/* 'In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfb00, 0xfb4f,
+}; /* CR_In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfb50, 0xfdff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A */
+
+/* 'In_Variation_Selectors': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Variation_Selectors[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfe00, 0xfe0f,
+}; /* CR_In_Variation_Selectors */
+
+/* 'In_Vertical_Forms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vertical_Forms[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfe10, 0xfe1f,
+}; /* CR_In_Vertical_Forms */
+
+/* 'In_Combining_Half_Marks': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Combining_Half_Marks[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfe20, 0xfe2f,
+}; /* CR_In_Combining_Half_Marks */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfe30, 0xfe4f,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms */
+
+/* 'In_Small_Form_Variants': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Small_Form_Variants[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfe50, 0xfe6f,
+}; /* CR_In_Small_Form_Variants */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfe70, 0xfeff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B */
+
+/* 'In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms[] = {
+	1,
+	0xff00, 0xffef,
+}; /* CR_In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms */
+
+/* 'In_Specials': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Specials[] = {
+	1,
+	0xfff0, 0xffff,
+}; /* CR_In_Specials */
+
+/* 'In_Linear_B_Syllabary': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Linear_B_Syllabary[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10000, 0x1007f,
+}; /* CR_In_Linear_B_Syllabary */
+
+/* 'In_Linear_B_Ideograms': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Linear_B_Ideograms[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10080, 0x100ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Linear_B_Ideograms */
+
+/* 'In_Aegean_Numbers': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Aegean_Numbers[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10100, 0x1013f,
+}; /* CR_In_Aegean_Numbers */
+
+/* 'In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10140, 0x1018f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers */
+
+/* 'In_Ancient_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ancient_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10190, 0x101cf,
+}; /* CR_In_Ancient_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Phaistos_Disc': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phaistos_Disc[] = {
+	1,
+	0x101d0, 0x101ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Phaistos_Disc */
+
+/* 'In_Lycian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lycian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10280, 0x1029f,
+}; /* CR_In_Lycian */
+
+/* 'In_Carian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Carian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x102a0, 0x102df,
+}; /* CR_In_Carian */
+
+/* 'In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers[] = {
+	1,
+	0x102e0, 0x102ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Italic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Italic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10300, 0x1032f,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Italic */
+
+/* 'In_Gothic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gothic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10330, 0x1034f,
+}; /* CR_In_Gothic */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Permic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Permic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10350, 0x1037f,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Permic */
+
+/* 'In_Ugaritic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ugaritic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10380, 0x1039f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ugaritic */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Persian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Persian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x103a0, 0x103df,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Persian */
+
+/* 'In_Deseret': Block */
+#define CR_In_Deseret CR_Deseret
+
+/* 'In_Shavian': Block */
+#define CR_In_Shavian CR_Shavian
+
+/* 'In_Osmanya': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Osmanya[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10480, 0x104af,
+}; /* CR_In_Osmanya */
+
+/* 'In_Osage': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Osage[] = {
+	1,
+	0x104b0, 0x104ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Osage */
+
+/* 'In_Elbasan': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Elbasan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10500, 0x1052f,
+}; /* CR_In_Elbasan */
+
+/* 'In_Caucasian_Albanian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Caucasian_Albanian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10530, 0x1056f,
+}; /* CR_In_Caucasian_Albanian */
+
+/* 'In_Vithkuqi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Vithkuqi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10570, 0x105bf,
+}; /* CR_In_Vithkuqi */
+
+/* 'In_Linear_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Linear_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10600, 0x1077f,
+}; /* CR_In_Linear_A */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_F': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_F[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10780, 0x107bf,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_F */
+
+/* 'In_Cypriot_Syllabary': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cypriot_Syllabary[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10800, 0x1083f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cypriot_Syllabary */
+
+/* 'In_Imperial_Aramaic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Imperial_Aramaic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10840, 0x1085f,
+}; /* CR_In_Imperial_Aramaic */
+
+/* 'In_Palmyrene': Block */
+#define CR_In_Palmyrene CR_Palmyrene
+
+/* 'In_Nabataean': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nabataean[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10880, 0x108af,
+}; /* CR_In_Nabataean */
+
+/* 'In_Hatran': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hatran[] = {
+	1,
+	0x108e0, 0x108ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Hatran */
+
+/* 'In_Phoenician': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Phoenician[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10900, 0x1091f,
+}; /* CR_In_Phoenician */
+
+/* 'In_Lydian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lydian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10920, 0x1093f,
+}; /* CR_In_Lydian */
+
+/* 'In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs': Block */
+#define CR_In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs
+
+/* 'In_Meroitic_Cursive': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Meroitic_Cursive[] = {
+	1,
+	0x109a0, 0x109ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Meroitic_Cursive */
+
+/* 'In_Kharoshthi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kharoshthi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10a00, 0x10a5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Kharoshthi */
+
+/* 'In_Old_South_Arabian': Block */
+#define CR_In_Old_South_Arabian CR_Old_South_Arabian
+
+/* 'In_Old_North_Arabian': Block */
+#define CR_In_Old_North_Arabian CR_Old_North_Arabian
+
+/* 'In_Manichaean': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Manichaean[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10ac0, 0x10aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Manichaean */
+
+/* 'In_Avestan': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Avestan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10b00, 0x10b3f,
+}; /* CR_In_Avestan */
+
+/* 'In_Inscriptional_Parthian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Inscriptional_Parthian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10b40, 0x10b5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Inscriptional_Parthian */
+
+/* 'In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10b60, 0x10b7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi */
+
+/* 'In_Psalter_Pahlavi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Psalter_Pahlavi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10b80, 0x10baf,
+}; /* CR_In_Psalter_Pahlavi */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Turkic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Turkic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10c00, 0x10c4f,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Turkic */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Hungarian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Hungarian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10c80, 0x10cff,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Hungarian */
+
+/* 'In_Hanifi_Rohingya': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Hanifi_Rohingya[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10d00, 0x10d3f,
+}; /* CR_In_Hanifi_Rohingya */
+
+/* 'In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10e60, 0x10e7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Yezidi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Yezidi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10e80, 0x10ebf,
+}; /* CR_In_Yezidi */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Extended_C': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Extended_C[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10ec0, 0x10eff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Extended_C */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Sogdian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Sogdian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10f00, 0x10f2f,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Sogdian */
+
+/* 'In_Sogdian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sogdian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10f30, 0x10f6f,
+}; /* CR_In_Sogdian */
+
+/* 'In_Old_Uyghur': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Old_Uyghur[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10f70, 0x10faf,
+}; /* CR_In_Old_Uyghur */
+
+/* 'In_Chorasmian': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Chorasmian[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10fb0, 0x10fdf,
+}; /* CR_In_Chorasmian */
+
+/* 'In_Elymaic': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Elymaic[] = {
+	1,
+	0x10fe0, 0x10fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Elymaic */
+
+/* 'In_Brahmi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Brahmi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11000, 0x1107f,
+}; /* CR_In_Brahmi */
+
+/* 'In_Kaithi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kaithi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11080, 0x110cf,
+}; /* CR_In_Kaithi */
+
+/* 'In_Sora_Sompeng': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sora_Sompeng[] = {
+	1,
+	0x110d0, 0x110ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Sora_Sompeng */
+
+/* 'In_Chakma': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Chakma[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11100, 0x1114f,
+}; /* CR_In_Chakma */
+
+/* 'In_Mahajani': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mahajani[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11150, 0x1117f,
+}; /* CR_In_Mahajani */
+
+/* 'In_Sharada': Block */
+#define CR_In_Sharada CR_Sharada
+
+/* 'In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers[] = {
+	1,
+	0x111e0, 0x111ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers */
+
+/* 'In_Khojki': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khojki[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11200, 0x1124f,
+}; /* CR_In_Khojki */
+
+/* 'In_Multani': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Multani[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11280, 0x112af,
+}; /* CR_In_Multani */
+
+/* 'In_Khudawadi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khudawadi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x112b0, 0x112ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Khudawadi */
+
+/* 'In_Grantha': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Grantha[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11300, 0x1137f,
+}; /* CR_In_Grantha */
+
+/* 'In_Newa': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Newa[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11400, 0x1147f,
+}; /* CR_In_Newa */
+
+/* 'In_Tirhuta': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tirhuta[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11480, 0x114df,
+}; /* CR_In_Tirhuta */
+
+/* 'In_Siddham': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Siddham[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11580, 0x115ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Siddham */
+
+/* 'In_Modi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Modi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11600, 0x1165f,
+}; /* CR_In_Modi */
+
+/* 'In_Mongolian_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mongolian_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11660, 0x1167f,
+}; /* CR_In_Mongolian_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Takri': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Takri[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11680, 0x116cf,
+}; /* CR_In_Takri */
+
+/* 'In_Ahom': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ahom[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11700, 0x1174f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ahom */
+
+/* 'In_Dogra': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Dogra[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11800, 0x1184f,
+}; /* CR_In_Dogra */
+
+/* 'In_Warang_Citi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Warang_Citi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x118a0, 0x118ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Warang_Citi */
+
+/* 'In_Dives_Akuru': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Dives_Akuru[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11900, 0x1195f,
+}; /* CR_In_Dives_Akuru */
+
+/* 'In_Nandinagari': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nandinagari[] = {
+	1,
+	0x119a0, 0x119ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Nandinagari */
+
+/* 'In_Zanabazar_Square': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Zanabazar_Square[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11a00, 0x11a4f,
+}; /* CR_In_Zanabazar_Square */
+
+/* 'In_Soyombo': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Soyombo[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11a50, 0x11aaf,
+}; /* CR_In_Soyombo */
+
+/* 'In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11ab0, 0x11abf,
+}; /* CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Pau_Cin_Hau': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Pau_Cin_Hau[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11ac0, 0x11aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Pau_Cin_Hau */
+
+/* 'In_Devanagari_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Devanagari_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11b00, 0x11b5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Devanagari_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Bhaiksuki': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bhaiksuki[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11c00, 0x11c6f,
+}; /* CR_In_Bhaiksuki */
+
+/* 'In_Marchen': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Marchen[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11c70, 0x11cbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Marchen */
+
+/* 'In_Masaram_Gondi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Masaram_Gondi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11d00, 0x11d5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Masaram_Gondi */
+
+/* 'In_Gunjala_Gondi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Gunjala_Gondi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11d60, 0x11daf,
+}; /* CR_In_Gunjala_Gondi */
+
+/* 'In_Makasar': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Makasar[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11ee0, 0x11eff,
+}; /* CR_In_Makasar */
+
+/* 'In_Kawi': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kawi[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11f00, 0x11f5f,
+}; /* CR_In_Kawi */
+
+/* 'In_Lisu_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Lisu_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11fb0, 0x11fbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Lisu_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Tamil_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tamil_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x11fc0, 0x11fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Tamil_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Cuneiform': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cuneiform[] = {
+	1,
+	0x12000, 0x123ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Cuneiform */
+
+/* 'In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x12400, 0x1247f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation */
+
+/* 'In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform[] = {
+	1,
+	0x12480, 0x1254f,
+}; /* CR_In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform */
+
+/* 'In_Cypro_Minoan': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cypro_Minoan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x12f90, 0x12fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Cypro_Minoan */
+
+/* 'In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x13000, 0x1342f,
+}; /* CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs */
+
+/* 'In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls[] = {
+	1,
+	0x13430, 0x1345f,
+}; /* CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls */
+
+/* 'In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x14400, 0x1467f,
+}; /* CR_In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs */
+
+/* 'In_Bamum_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bamum_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16800, 0x16a3f,
+}; /* CR_In_Bamum_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Mro': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mro[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16a40, 0x16a6f,
+}; /* CR_In_Mro */
+
+/* 'In_Tangsa': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangsa[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16a70, 0x16acf,
+}; /* CR_In_Tangsa */
+
+/* 'In_Bassa_Vah': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Bassa_Vah[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16ad0, 0x16aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Bassa_Vah */
+
+/* 'In_Pahawh_Hmong': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Pahawh_Hmong[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16b00, 0x16b8f,
+}; /* CR_In_Pahawh_Hmong */
+
+/* 'In_Medefaidrin': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Medefaidrin[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16e40, 0x16e9f,
+}; /* CR_In_Medefaidrin */
+
+/* 'In_Miao': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miao[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16f00, 0x16f9f,
+}; /* CR_In_Miao */
+
+/* 'In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x16fe0, 0x16fff,
+}; /* CR_In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation */
+
+/* 'In_Tangut': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangut[] = {
+	1,
+	0x17000, 0x187ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Tangut */
+
+/* 'In_Tangut_Components': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangut_Components[] = {
+	1,
+	0x18800, 0x18aff,
+}; /* CR_In_Tangut_Components */
+
+/* 'In_Khitan_Small_Script': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Khitan_Small_Script[] = {
+	1,
+	0x18b00, 0x18cff,
+}; /* CR_In_Khitan_Small_Script */
+
+/* 'In_Tangut_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tangut_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x18d00, 0x18d7f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tangut_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Kana_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kana_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1aff0, 0x1afff,
+}; /* CR_In_Kana_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_Kana_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kana_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1b000, 0x1b0ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Kana_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Kana_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kana_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1b100, 0x1b12f,
+}; /* CR_In_Kana_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Small_Kana_Extension': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Small_Kana_Extension[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1b130, 0x1b16f,
+}; /* CR_In_Small_Kana_Extension */
+
+/* 'In_Nushu': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nushu[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1b170, 0x1b2ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Nushu */
+
+/* 'In_Duployan': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Duployan[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1bc00, 0x1bc9f,
+}; /* CR_In_Duployan */
+
+/* 'In_Shorthand_Format_Controls': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Shorthand_Format_Controls[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1bca0, 0x1bcaf,
+}; /* CR_In_Shorthand_Format_Controls */
+
+/* 'In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1cf00, 0x1cfcf,
+}; /* CR_In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation */
+
+/* 'In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d000, 0x1d0ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Musical_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Musical_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d100, 0x1d1ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Musical_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d200, 0x1d24f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation */
+
+/* 'In_Kaktovik_Numerals': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Kaktovik_Numerals[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d2c0, 0x1d2df,
+}; /* CR_In_Kaktovik_Numerals */
+
+/* 'In_Mayan_Numerals': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mayan_Numerals[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d2e0, 0x1d2ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Mayan_Numerals */
+
+/* 'In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d300, 0x1d35f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Counting_Rod_Numerals': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Counting_Rod_Numerals[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d360, 0x1d37f,
+}; /* CR_In_Counting_Rod_Numerals */
+
+/* 'In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d400, 0x1d7ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Sutton_SignWriting': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Sutton_SignWriting[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1d800, 0x1daaf,
+}; /* CR_In_Sutton_SignWriting */
+
+/* 'In_Latin_Extended_G': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Latin_Extended_G[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1df00, 0x1dfff,
+}; /* CR_In_Latin_Extended_G */
+
+/* 'In_Glagolitic_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Glagolitic_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e000, 0x1e02f,
+}; /* CR_In_Glagolitic_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Cyrillic_Extended_D': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_D[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e030, 0x1e08f,
+}; /* CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_D */
+
+/* 'In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e100, 0x1e14f,
+}; /* CR_In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong */
+
+/* 'In_Toto': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Toto[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e290, 0x1e2bf,
+}; /* CR_In_Toto */
+
+/* 'In_Wancho': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Wancho[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e2c0, 0x1e2ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Wancho */
+
+/* 'In_Nag_Mundari': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Nag_Mundari[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e4d0, 0x1e4ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Nag_Mundari */
+
+/* 'In_Ethiopic_Extended_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e7e0, 0x1e7ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_B */
+
+/* 'In_Mende_Kikakui': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mende_Kikakui[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e800, 0x1e8df,
+}; /* CR_In_Mende_Kikakui */
+
+/* 'In_Adlam': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Adlam[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1e900, 0x1e95f,
+}; /* CR_In_Adlam */
+
+/* 'In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1ec70, 0x1ecbf,
+}; /* CR_In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers */
+
+/* 'In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1ed00, 0x1ed4f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers */
+
+/* 'In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1ee00, 0x1eeff,
+}; /* CR_In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Mahjong_Tiles': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Mahjong_Tiles[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f000, 0x1f02f,
+}; /* CR_In_Mahjong_Tiles */
+
+/* 'In_Domino_Tiles': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Domino_Tiles[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f030, 0x1f09f,
+}; /* CR_In_Domino_Tiles */
+
+/* 'In_Playing_Cards': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Playing_Cards[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f0a0, 0x1f0ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Playing_Cards */
+
+/* 'In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f100, 0x1f1ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f200, 0x1f2ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f300, 0x1f5ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs */
+
+/* 'In_Emoticons': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Emoticons[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f600, 0x1f64f,
+}; /* CR_In_Emoticons */
+
+/* 'In_Ornamental_Dingbats': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Ornamental_Dingbats[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f650, 0x1f67f,
+}; /* CR_In_Ornamental_Dingbats */
+
+/* 'In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f680, 0x1f6ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Alchemical_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Alchemical_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f700, 0x1f77f,
+}; /* CR_In_Alchemical_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f780, 0x1f7ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended */
+
+/* 'In_Supplemental_Arrows_C': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_C[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f800, 0x1f8ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_C */
+
+/* 'In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1f900, 0x1f9ff,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs */
+
+/* 'In_Chess_Symbols': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Chess_Symbols[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1fa00, 0x1fa6f,
+}; /* CR_In_Chess_Symbols */
+
+/* 'In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1fa70, 0x1faff,
+}; /* CR_In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A */
+
+/* 'In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing[] = {
+	1,
+	0x1fb00, 0x1fbff,
+}; /* CR_In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x20000, 0x2a6df,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2a700, 0x2b73f,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2b740, 0x2b81f,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2b820, 0x2ceaf,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2ceb0, 0x2ebef,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0x2f800, 0x2fa1f,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G[] = {
+	1,
+	0x30000, 0x3134f,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G */
+
+/* 'In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_H': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_H[] = {
+	1,
+	0x31350, 0x323af,
+}; /* CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_H */
+
+/* 'In_Tags': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Tags[] = {
+	1,
+	0xe0000, 0xe007f,
+}; /* CR_In_Tags */
+
+/* 'In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement[] = {
+	1,
+	0xe0100, 0xe01ef,
+}; /* CR_In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement */
+
+/* 'In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A[] = {
+	1,
+	0xf0000, 0xfffff,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A */
+
+/* 'In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B[] = {
+	1,
+	0x100000, 0x10ffff,
+}; /* CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B */
+
+/* 'In_No_Block': Block */
+static const OnigCodePoint CR_In_No_Block[] = {
+	51,
+	0x2fe0, 0x2fef,
+	0x10200, 0x1027f,
+	0x103e0, 0x103ff,
+	0x105c0, 0x105ff,
+	0x107c0, 0x107ff,
+	0x108b0, 0x108df,
+	0x10940, 0x1097f,
+	0x10aa0, 0x10abf,
+	0x10bb0, 0x10bff,
+	0x10c50, 0x10c7f,
+	0x10d40, 0x10e5f,
+	0x11250, 0x1127f,
+	0x11380, 0x113ff,
+	0x114e0, 0x1157f,
+	0x116d0, 0x116ff,
+	0x11750, 0x117ff,
+	0x11850, 0x1189f,
+	0x11960, 0x1199f,
+	0x11b60, 0x11bff,
+	0x11cc0, 0x11cff,
+	0x11db0, 0x11edf,
+	0x11f60, 0x11faf,
+	0x12550, 0x12f8f,
+	0x13460, 0x143ff,
+	0x14680, 0x167ff,
+	0x16b90, 0x16e3f,
+	0x16ea0, 0x16eff,
+	0x16fa0, 0x16fdf,
+	0x18d80, 0x1afef,
+	0x1b300, 0x1bbff,
+	0x1bcb0, 0x1ceff,
+	0x1cfd0, 0x1cfff,
+	0x1d250, 0x1d2bf,
+	0x1d380, 0x1d3ff,
+	0x1dab0, 0x1deff,
+	0x1e090, 0x1e0ff,
+	0x1e150, 0x1e28f,
+	0x1e300, 0x1e4cf,
+	0x1e500, 0x1e7df,
+	0x1e8e0, 0x1e8ff,
+	0x1e960, 0x1ec6f,
+	0x1ecc0, 0x1ecff,
+	0x1ed50, 0x1edff,
+	0x1ef00, 0x1efff,
+	0x1fc00, 0x1ffff,
+	0x2a6e0, 0x2a6ff,
+	0x2ebf0, 0x2f7ff,
+	0x2fa20, 0x2ffff,
+	0x323b0, 0xdffff,
+	0xe0080, 0xe00ff,
+	0xe01f0, 0xeffff,
+}; /* CR_In_No_Block */
+
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+static const OnigCodePoint* const CodeRanges[] = {
+  CR_NEWLINE,
+  CR_Alpha,
+  CR_Blank,
+  CR_Cntrl,
+  CR_Digit,
+  CR_Graph,
+  CR_Lower,
+  CR_Print,
+  CR_XPosixPunct,
+  CR_Space,
+  CR_Upper,
+  CR_XDigit,
+  CR_Word,
+  CR_Alnum,
+  CR_ASCII,
+  CR_Punct,
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+  CR_Any,
+  CR_Assigned,
+  CR_C,
+  CR_Cc,
+  CR_Cf,
+  CR_Cn,
+  CR_Co,
+  CR_Cs,
+  CR_L,
+  CR_LC,
+  CR_Ll,
+  CR_Lm,
+  CR_Lo,
+  CR_Lt,
+  CR_Lu,
+  CR_M,
+  CR_Mc,
+  CR_Me,
+  CR_Mn,
+  CR_N,
+  CR_Nd,
+  CR_Nl,
+  CR_No,
+  CR_P,
+  CR_Pc,
+  CR_Pd,
+  CR_Pe,
+  CR_Pf,
+  CR_Pi,
+  CR_Po,
+  CR_Ps,
+  CR_S,
+  CR_Sc,
+  CR_Sk,
+  CR_Sm,
+  CR_So,
+  CR_Z,
+  CR_Zl,
+  CR_Zp,
+  CR_Zs,
+  CR_Math,
+  CR_Alphabetic,
+  CR_Lowercase,
+  CR_Uppercase,
+  CR_Cased,
+  CR_Case_Ignorable,
+  CR_Changes_When_Lowercased,
+  CR_Changes_When_Uppercased,
+  CR_Changes_When_Titlecased,
+  CR_Changes_When_Casefolded,
+  CR_Changes_When_Casemapped,
+  CR_ID_Start,
+  CR_ID_Continue,
+  CR_XID_Start,
+  CR_XID_Continue,
+  CR_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point,
+  CR_Grapheme_Extend,
+  CR_Grapheme_Base,
+  CR_Grapheme_Link,
+  CR_Common,
+  CR_Latin,
+  CR_Greek,
+  CR_Cyrillic,
+  CR_Armenian,
+  CR_Hebrew,
+  CR_Arabic,
+  CR_Syriac,
+  CR_Thaana,
+  CR_Devanagari,
+  CR_Bengali,
+  CR_Gurmukhi,
+  CR_Gujarati,
+  CR_Oriya,
+  CR_Tamil,
+  CR_Telugu,
+  CR_Kannada,
+  CR_Malayalam,
+  CR_Sinhala,
+  CR_Thai,
+  CR_Lao,
+  CR_Tibetan,
+  CR_Myanmar,
+  CR_Georgian,
+  CR_Hangul,
+  CR_Ethiopic,
+  CR_Cherokee,
+  CR_Canadian_Aboriginal,
+  CR_Ogham,
+  CR_Runic,
+  CR_Khmer,
+  CR_Mongolian,
+  CR_Hiragana,
+  CR_Katakana,
+  CR_Bopomofo,
+  CR_Han,
+  CR_Yi,
+  CR_Old_Italic,
+  CR_Gothic,
+  CR_Deseret,
+  CR_Inherited,
+  CR_Tagalog,
+  CR_Hanunoo,
+  CR_Buhid,
+  CR_Tagbanwa,
+  CR_Limbu,
+  CR_Tai_Le,
+  CR_Linear_B,
+  CR_Ugaritic,
+  CR_Shavian,
+  CR_Osmanya,
+  CR_Cypriot,
+  CR_Braille,
+  CR_Buginese,
+  CR_Coptic,
+  CR_New_Tai_Lue,
+  CR_Glagolitic,
+  CR_Tifinagh,
+  CR_Syloti_Nagri,
+  CR_Old_Persian,
+  CR_Kharoshthi,
+  CR_Balinese,
+  CR_Cuneiform,
+  CR_Phoenician,
+  CR_Phags_Pa,
+  CR_Nko,
+  CR_Sundanese,
+  CR_Lepcha,
+  CR_Ol_Chiki,
+  CR_Vai,
+  CR_Saurashtra,
+  CR_Kayah_Li,
+  CR_Rejang,
+  CR_Lycian,
+  CR_Carian,
+  CR_Lydian,
+  CR_Cham,
+  CR_Tai_Tham,
+  CR_Tai_Viet,
+  CR_Avestan,
+  CR_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs,
+  CR_Samaritan,
+  CR_Lisu,
+  CR_Bamum,
+  CR_Javanese,
+  CR_Meetei_Mayek,
+  CR_Imperial_Aramaic,
+  CR_Old_South_Arabian,
+  CR_Inscriptional_Parthian,
+  CR_Inscriptional_Pahlavi,
+  CR_Old_Turkic,
+  CR_Kaithi,
+  CR_Batak,
+  CR_Brahmi,
+  CR_Mandaic,
+  CR_Chakma,
+  CR_Meroitic_Cursive,
+  CR_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs,
+  CR_Miao,
+  CR_Sharada,
+  CR_Sora_Sompeng,
+  CR_Takri,
+  CR_Caucasian_Albanian,
+  CR_Bassa_Vah,
+  CR_Duployan,
+  CR_Elbasan,
+  CR_Grantha,
+  CR_Pahawh_Hmong,
+  CR_Khojki,
+  CR_Linear_A,
+  CR_Mahajani,
+  CR_Manichaean,
+  CR_Mende_Kikakui,
+  CR_Modi,
+  CR_Mro,
+  CR_Old_North_Arabian,
+  CR_Nabataean,
+  CR_Palmyrene,
+  CR_Pau_Cin_Hau,
+  CR_Old_Permic,
+  CR_Psalter_Pahlavi,
+  CR_Siddham,
+  CR_Khudawadi,
+  CR_Tirhuta,
+  CR_Warang_Citi,
+  CR_Ahom,
+  CR_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs,
+  CR_Hatran,
+  CR_Multani,
+  CR_Old_Hungarian,
+  CR_SignWriting,
+  CR_Adlam,
+  CR_Bhaiksuki,
+  CR_Marchen,
+  CR_Newa,
+  CR_Osage,
+  CR_Tangut,
+  CR_Masaram_Gondi,
+  CR_Nushu,
+  CR_Soyombo,
+  CR_Zanabazar_Square,
+  CR_Dogra,
+  CR_Gunjala_Gondi,
+  CR_Makasar,
+  CR_Medefaidrin,
+  CR_Hanifi_Rohingya,
+  CR_Sogdian,
+  CR_Old_Sogdian,
+  CR_Elymaic,
+  CR_Nandinagari,
+  CR_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong,
+  CR_Wancho,
+  CR_Chorasmian,
+  CR_Dives_Akuru,
+  CR_Khitan_Small_Script,
+  CR_Yezidi,
+  CR_Cypro_Minoan,
+  CR_Old_Uyghur,
+  CR_Tangsa,
+  CR_Toto,
+  CR_Vithkuqi,
+  CR_Kawi,
+  CR_Nag_Mundari,
+  CR_White_Space,
+  CR_Bidi_Control,
+  CR_Join_Control,
+  CR_Dash,
+  CR_Hyphen,
+  CR_Quotation_Mark,
+  CR_Terminal_Punctuation,
+  CR_Other_Math,
+  CR_Hex_Digit,
+  CR_ASCII_Hex_Digit,
+  CR_Other_Alphabetic,
+  CR_Ideographic,
+  CR_Diacritic,
+  CR_Extender,
+  CR_Other_Lowercase,
+  CR_Other_Uppercase,
+  CR_Noncharacter_Code_Point,
+  CR_Other_Grapheme_Extend,
+  CR_IDS_Binary_Operator,
+  CR_IDS_Trinary_Operator,
+  CR_Radical,
+  CR_Unified_Ideograph,
+  CR_Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point,
+  CR_Deprecated,
+  CR_Soft_Dotted,
+  CR_Logical_Order_Exception,
+  CR_Other_ID_Start,
+  CR_Other_ID_Continue,
+  CR_Sentence_Terminal,
+  CR_Variation_Selector,
+  CR_Pattern_White_Space,
+  CR_Pattern_Syntax,
+  CR_Prepended_Concatenation_Mark,
+  CR_Regional_Indicator,
+  CR_Emoji,
+  CR_Emoji_Presentation,
+  CR_Emoji_Modifier,
+  CR_Emoji_Modifier_Base,
+  CR_Emoji_Component,
+  CR_Extended_Pictographic,
+  CR_Unknown,
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+  CR_Age_1_1,
+  CR_Age_2_0,
+  CR_Age_2_1,
+  CR_Age_3_0,
+  CR_Age_3_1,
+  CR_Age_3_2,
+  CR_Age_4_0,
+  CR_Age_4_1,
+  CR_Age_5_0,
+  CR_Age_5_1,
+  CR_Age_5_2,
+  CR_Age_6_0,
+  CR_Age_6_1,
+  CR_Age_6_2,
+  CR_Age_6_3,
+  CR_Age_7_0,
+  CR_Age_8_0,
+  CR_Age_9_0,
+  CR_Age_10_0,
+  CR_Age_11_0,
+  CR_Age_12_0,
+  CR_Age_12_1,
+  CR_Age_13_0,
+  CR_Age_14_0,
+  CR_Age_15_0,
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Prepend,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_CR,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LF,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Control,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Extend,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_Regional_Indicator,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_SpacingMark,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_L,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_V,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_T,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LV,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_LVT,
+  CR_Grapheme_Cluster_Break_ZWJ,
+  CR_In_Basic_Latin,
+  CR_In_Latin_1_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_IPA_Extensions,
+  CR_In_Spacing_Modifier_Letters,
+  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks,
+  CR_In_Greek_and_Coptic,
+  CR_In_Cyrillic,
+  CR_In_Cyrillic_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Armenian,
+  CR_In_Hebrew,
+  CR_In_Arabic,
+  CR_In_Syriac,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Thaana,
+  CR_In_NKo,
+  CR_In_Samaritan,
+  CR_In_Mandaic,
+  CR_In_Syriac_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Devanagari,
+  CR_In_Bengali,
+  CR_In_Gurmukhi,
+  CR_In_Gujarati,
+  CR_In_Oriya,
+  CR_In_Tamil,
+  CR_In_Telugu,
+  CR_In_Kannada,
+  CR_In_Malayalam,
+  CR_In_Sinhala,
+  CR_In_Thai,
+  CR_In_Lao,
+  CR_In_Tibetan,
+  CR_In_Myanmar,
+  CR_In_Georgian,
+  CR_In_Hangul_Jamo,
+  CR_In_Ethiopic,
+  CR_In_Ethiopic_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Cherokee,
+  CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics,
+  CR_In_Ogham,
+  CR_In_Runic,
+  CR_In_Tagalog,
+  CR_In_Hanunoo,
+  CR_In_Buhid,
+  CR_In_Tagbanwa,
+  CR_In_Khmer,
+  CR_In_Mongolian,
+  CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended,
+  CR_In_Limbu,
+  CR_In_Tai_Le,
+  CR_In_New_Tai_Lue,
+  CR_In_Khmer_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Buginese,
+  CR_In_Tai_Tham,
+  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Extended,
+  CR_In_Balinese,
+  CR_In_Sundanese,
+  CR_In_Batak,
+  CR_In_Lepcha,
+  CR_In_Ol_Chiki,
+  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_C,
+  CR_In_Georgian_Extended,
+  CR_In_Sundanese_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Vedic_Extensions,
+  CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions,
+  CR_In_Phonetic_Extensions_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_Additional,
+  CR_In_Greek_Extended,
+  CR_In_General_Punctuation,
+  CR_In_Superscripts_and_Subscripts,
+  CR_In_Currency_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Combining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Letterlike_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Number_Forms,
+  CR_In_Arrows,
+  CR_In_Mathematical_Operators,
+  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Technical,
+  CR_In_Control_Pictures,
+  CR_In_Optical_Character_Recognition,
+  CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumerics,
+  CR_In_Box_Drawing,
+  CR_In_Block_Elements,
+  CR_In_Geometric_Shapes,
+  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Dingbats,
+  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_A,
+  CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_A,
+  CR_In_Braille_Patterns,
+  CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_B,
+  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols_B,
+  CR_In_Supplemental_Mathematical_Operators,
+  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows,
+  CR_In_Glagolitic,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_C,
+  CR_In_Coptic,
+  CR_In_Georgian_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Tifinagh,
+  CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended,
+  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Supplemental_Punctuation,
+  CR_In_CJK_Radicals_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Kangxi_Radicals,
+  CR_In_Ideographic_Description_Characters,
+  CR_In_CJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation,
+  CR_In_Hiragana,
+  CR_In_Katakana,
+  CR_In_Bopomofo,
+  CR_In_Hangul_Compatibility_Jamo,
+  CR_In_Kanbun,
+  CR_In_Bopomofo_Extended,
+  CR_In_CJK_Strokes,
+  CR_In_Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions,
+  CR_In_Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months,
+  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A,
+  CR_In_Yijing_Hexagram_Symbols,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs,
+  CR_In_Yi_Syllables,
+  CR_In_Yi_Radicals,
+  CR_In_Lisu,
+  CR_In_Vai,
+  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_Bamum,
+  CR_In_Modifier_Tone_Letters,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_D,
+  CR_In_Syloti_Nagri,
+  CR_In_Common_Indic_Number_Forms,
+  CR_In_Phags_pa,
+  CR_In_Saurashtra,
+  CR_In_Devanagari_Extended,
+  CR_In_Kayah_Li,
+  CR_In_Rejang,
+  CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Javanese,
+  CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_Cham,
+  CR_In_Myanmar_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Tai_Viet,
+  CR_In_Meetei_Mayek_Extensions,
+  CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_E,
+  CR_In_Cherokee_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Meetei_Mayek,
+  CR_In_Hangul_Syllables,
+  CR_In_Hangul_Jamo_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_High_Surrogates,
+  CR_In_High_Private_Use_Surrogates,
+  CR_In_Low_Surrogates,
+  CR_In_Private_Use_Area,
+  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs,
+  CR_In_Alphabetic_Presentation_Forms,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_A,
+  CR_In_Variation_Selectors,
+  CR_In_Vertical_Forms,
+  CR_In_Combining_Half_Marks,
+  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Forms,
+  CR_In_Small_Form_Variants,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Presentation_Forms_B,
+  CR_In_Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms,
+  CR_In_Specials,
+  CR_In_Linear_B_Syllabary,
+  CR_In_Linear_B_Ideograms,
+  CR_In_Aegean_Numbers,
+  CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Numbers,
+  CR_In_Ancient_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Phaistos_Disc,
+  CR_In_Lycian,
+  CR_In_Carian,
+  CR_In_Coptic_Epact_Numbers,
+  CR_In_Old_Italic,
+  CR_In_Gothic,
+  CR_In_Old_Permic,
+  CR_In_Ugaritic,
+  CR_In_Old_Persian,
+  CR_In_Deseret,
+  CR_In_Shavian,
+  CR_In_Osmanya,
+  CR_In_Osage,
+  CR_In_Elbasan,
+  CR_In_Caucasian_Albanian,
+  CR_In_Vithkuqi,
+  CR_In_Linear_A,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_F,
+  CR_In_Cypriot_Syllabary,
+  CR_In_Imperial_Aramaic,
+  CR_In_Palmyrene,
+  CR_In_Nabataean,
+  CR_In_Hatran,
+  CR_In_Phoenician,
+  CR_In_Lydian,
+  CR_In_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs,
+  CR_In_Meroitic_Cursive,
+  CR_In_Kharoshthi,
+  CR_In_Old_South_Arabian,
+  CR_In_Old_North_Arabian,
+  CR_In_Manichaean,
+  CR_In_Avestan,
+  CR_In_Inscriptional_Parthian,
+  CR_In_Inscriptional_Pahlavi,
+  CR_In_Psalter_Pahlavi,
+  CR_In_Old_Turkic,
+  CR_In_Old_Hungarian,
+  CR_In_Hanifi_Rohingya,
+  CR_In_Rumi_Numeral_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Yezidi,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Extended_C,
+  CR_In_Old_Sogdian,
+  CR_In_Sogdian,
+  CR_In_Old_Uyghur,
+  CR_In_Chorasmian,
+  CR_In_Elymaic,
+  CR_In_Brahmi,
+  CR_In_Kaithi,
+  CR_In_Sora_Sompeng,
+  CR_In_Chakma,
+  CR_In_Mahajani,
+  CR_In_Sharada,
+  CR_In_Sinhala_Archaic_Numbers,
+  CR_In_Khojki,
+  CR_In_Multani,
+  CR_In_Khudawadi,
+  CR_In_Grantha,
+  CR_In_Newa,
+  CR_In_Tirhuta,
+  CR_In_Siddham,
+  CR_In_Modi,
+  CR_In_Mongolian_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Takri,
+  CR_In_Ahom,
+  CR_In_Dogra,
+  CR_In_Warang_Citi,
+  CR_In_Dives_Akuru,
+  CR_In_Nandinagari,
+  CR_In_Zanabazar_Square,
+  CR_In_Soyombo,
+  CR_In_Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Pau_Cin_Hau,
+  CR_In_Devanagari_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Bhaiksuki,
+  CR_In_Marchen,
+  CR_In_Masaram_Gondi,
+  CR_In_Gunjala_Gondi,
+  CR_In_Makasar,
+  CR_In_Kawi,
+  CR_In_Lisu_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Tamil_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Cuneiform,
+  CR_In_Cuneiform_Numbers_and_Punctuation,
+  CR_In_Early_Dynastic_Cuneiform,
+  CR_In_Cypro_Minoan,
+  CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs,
+  CR_In_Egyptian_Hieroglyph_Format_Controls,
+  CR_In_Anatolian_Hieroglyphs,
+  CR_In_Bamum_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Mro,
+  CR_In_Tangsa,
+  CR_In_Bassa_Vah,
+  CR_In_Pahawh_Hmong,
+  CR_In_Medefaidrin,
+  CR_In_Miao,
+  CR_In_Ideographic_Symbols_and_Punctuation,
+  CR_In_Tangut,
+  CR_In_Tangut_Components,
+  CR_In_Khitan_Small_Script,
+  CR_In_Tangut_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Kana_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_Kana_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Kana_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Small_Kana_Extension,
+  CR_In_Nushu,
+  CR_In_Duployan,
+  CR_In_Shorthand_Format_Controls,
+  CR_In_Znamenny_Musical_Notation,
+  CR_In_Byzantine_Musical_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Musical_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Ancient_Greek_Musical_Notation,
+  CR_In_Kaktovik_Numerals,
+  CR_In_Mayan_Numerals,
+  CR_In_Tai_Xuan_Jing_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Counting_Rod_Numerals,
+  CR_In_Mathematical_Alphanumeric_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Sutton_SignWriting,
+  CR_In_Latin_Extended_G,
+  CR_In_Glagolitic_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Cyrillic_Extended_D,
+  CR_In_Nyiakeng_Puachue_Hmong,
+  CR_In_Toto,
+  CR_In_Wancho,
+  CR_In_Nag_Mundari,
+  CR_In_Ethiopic_Extended_B,
+  CR_In_Mende_Kikakui,
+  CR_In_Adlam,
+  CR_In_Indic_Siyaq_Numbers,
+  CR_In_Ottoman_Siyaq_Numbers,
+  CR_In_Arabic_Mathematical_Alphabetic_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Mahjong_Tiles,
+  CR_In_Domino_Tiles,
+  CR_In_Playing_Cards,
+  CR_In_Enclosed_Alphanumeric_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Miscellaneous_Symbols_and_Pictographs,
+  CR_In_Emoticons,
+  CR_In_Ornamental_Dingbats,
+  CR_In_Transport_and_Map_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Alchemical_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Geometric_Shapes_Extended,
+  CR_In_Supplemental_Arrows_C,
+  CR_In_Supplemental_Symbols_and_Pictographs,
+  CR_In_Chess_Symbols,
+  CR_In_Symbols_and_Pictographs_Extended_A,
+  CR_In_Symbols_for_Legacy_Computing,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_B,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_C,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_D,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_E,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_F,
+  CR_In_CJK_Compatibility_Ideographs_Supplement,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_G,
+  CR_In_CJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_H,
+  CR_In_Tags,
+  CR_In_Variation_Selectors_Supplement,
+  CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_A,
+  CR_In_Supplementary_Private_Use_Area_B,
+  CR_In_No_Block,
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+};
+struct uniname2ctype_struct {
+  short name;
+  unsigned short ctype;
+};
+#define uniname2ctype_offset(str) offsetof(struct uniname2ctype_pool_t, uniname2ctype_pool_##str)
+
+static const struct uniname2ctype_struct *uniname2ctype_p(register const char *str, register size_t len);
+
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 15
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 6
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 20
+/* maximum key range = 15, duplicates = 0 */
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 866
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 891
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 1
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 45
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 11
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 6098
+/* maximum key range = 6088, duplicates = 0 */
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int
+uniname2ctype_hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+  static const unsigned short asso_values[] =
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    {
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
+      21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,  3, 12,  5,
+       4, 21, 21, 10, 21,  1, 21, 21, 11, 21,
+       2,  1,  1, 21,  1,  7,  4,  6, 21,  1,
+       4, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,   12, 6099,    3,    1,
+         4,    8,   32,   26,   14,   17,   10,    7, 6099, 6099,
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,
+      6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099,    1, 1425,  113,
+       437,   37, 1086, 1071, 1051,    4, 1984,    9,  500,   88,
+         8,   18, 1371, 1287,   54,  203,  310,  619, 1958,  603,
+       275, 1624,   44,    1,   22, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099, 6099
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    };
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+  return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]];
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+  register unsigned int hval = (unsigned int)len;
+
+  switch (hval)
+    {
+      default:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[15]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 15:
+      case 14:
+      case 13:
+      case 12:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[11]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 11:
+      case 10:
+      case 9:
+      case 8:
+      case 7:
+      case 6:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[5]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 5:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[4]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 4:
+      case 3:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 2:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 1:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]+2];
+        break;
+    }
+  return hval + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+}
+
+struct uniname2ctype_pool_t
+  {
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str6[sizeof("word")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str7[sizeof("print")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str8[sizeof("punct")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str9[sizeof("alpha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str10[sizeof("alnum")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str11[sizeof("xdigit")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str12[sizeof("upper")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str13[sizeof("ascii")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str14[sizeof("cntrl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str15[sizeof("space")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str16[sizeof("xposixpunct")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str17[sizeof("lower")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str18[sizeof("graph")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str19[sizeof("digit")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str20[sizeof("blank")];
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str11[sizeof("yi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str17[sizeof("yiii")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str22[sizeof("lana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str25[sizeof("lina")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str33[sizeof("maka")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str35[sizeof("mani")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str36[sizeof("mn")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str45[sizeof("miao")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str46[sizeof("lo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str47[sizeof("ci")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str48[sizeof("lao")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str49[sizeof("laoo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str52[sizeof("inkannada")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str55[sizeof("cn")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str64[sizeof("pi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str66[sizeof("innko")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str67[sizeof("z")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str71[sizeof("gran")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str75[sizeof("co")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str83[sizeof("lineara")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str86[sizeof("mark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str90[sizeof("yezi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str92[sizeof("po")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str94[sizeof("me")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str100[sizeof("cari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str101[sizeof("inkharoshthi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str102[sizeof("kana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str103[sizeof("loe")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str107[sizeof("m")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str108[sizeof("grek")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str111[sizeof("mro")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str112[sizeof("mroo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str115[sizeof("carian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str117[sizeof("geor")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str118[sizeof("greek")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str122[sizeof("gonm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str129[sizeof("mendekikakui")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str130[sizeof("pe")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str131[sizeof("mero")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str134[sizeof("inosmanya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str139[sizeof("cakm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str145[sizeof("inmanichaean")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str146[sizeof("inmro")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str148[sizeof("inmiao")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str149[sizeof("inchakma")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str151[sizeof("c")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str152[sizeof("mandaic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str153[sizeof("meeteimayek")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str158[sizeof("zzzz")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str161[sizeof("inarmenian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str177[sizeof("inmyanmar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str178[sizeof("inmakasar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str183[sizeof("common")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str186[sizeof("lm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str190[sizeof("marc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str203[sizeof("inrunic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str204[sizeof("incarian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str210[sizeof("inideographicsymbolsandpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str212[sizeof("inkhmer")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str213[sizeof("qaai")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str218[sizeof("inahom")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str226[sizeof("merc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str230[sizeof("inchorasmian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str231[sizeof("combiningmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str236[sizeof("lc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str237[sizeof("perm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str246[sizeof("mc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str250[sizeof("connectorpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str253[sizeof("cans")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str260[sizeof("incuneiformnumbersandpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str263[sizeof("armi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str265[sizeof("cc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str267[sizeof("armn")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str268[sizeof("incherokee")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str270[sizeof("prependedconcatenationmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str274[sizeof("incuneiform")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str275[sizeof("inavestan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str281[sizeof("inipaextensions")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str282[sizeof("pc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str283[sizeof("armenian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str285[sizeof("insharada")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str287[sizeof("vai")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str288[sizeof("vaii")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str289[sizeof("inmarchen")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str293[sizeof("makasar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str297[sizeof("masaramgondi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str301[sizeof("inarrows")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str311[sizeof("incyrillic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str313[sizeof("incham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str315[sizeof("qmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str320[sizeof("ri")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str322[sizeof("qaac")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str328[sizeof("insamaritan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str331[sizeof("latn")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str335[sizeof("inmasaramgondi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str338[sizeof("inthaana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str340[sizeof("latin")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str342[sizeof("inthai")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str345[sizeof("lineseparator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str346[sizeof("pcm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str348[sizeof("inkatakana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str352[sizeof("inkaithi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str362[sizeof("inscriptionalparthian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str366[sizeof("initialpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str373[sizeof("mtei")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str381[sizeof("inzanabazarsquare")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str386[sizeof("inkhmersymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str399[sizeof("insyriac")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str401[sizeof("intakri")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str404[sizeof("arabic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str418[sizeof("katakana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str426[sizeof("prti")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str430[sizeof("zs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str442[sizeof("ascii")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str445[sizeof("cs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str462[sizeof("ps")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str468[sizeof("mand")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str470[sizeof("privateuse")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str475[sizeof("inruminumeralsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str480[sizeof("inmyanmarextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str481[sizeof("modi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str486[sizeof("incjkcompatibilityforms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str488[sizeof("inkanaextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str491[sizeof("incjkcompatibilityideographs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str500[sizeof("brai")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str504[sizeof("mend")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str505[sizeof("ideo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str506[sizeof("letter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str509[sizeof("l")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str511[sizeof("inmeeteimayek")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str520[sizeof("inideographicdescriptioncharacters")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str533[sizeof("yezidi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str538[sizeof("knda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str541[sizeof("innandinagari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str543[sizeof("kannada")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str556[sizeof("inmodi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str558[sizeof("inlao")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str559[sizeof("xidcontinue")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str560[sizeof("inoldnortharabian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str565[sizeof("intransportandmapsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str566[sizeof("letternumber")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str568[sizeof("gothic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str572[sizeof("inlineara")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str577[sizeof("inmendekikakui")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str579[sizeof("mongolian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str582[sizeof("inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str583[sizeof("inspecials")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str590[sizeof("grlink")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str594[sizeof("brahmi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str596[sizeof("inemoticons")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str597[sizeof("kali")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str600[sizeof("inolditalic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str602[sizeof("xidc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str604[sizeof("inmedefaidrin")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str605[sizeof("inchesssymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str608[sizeof("incjkcompatibilityideographssupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str609[sizeof("kits")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str614[sizeof("inadlam")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str624[sizeof("psalterpahlavi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str625[sizeof("incommonindicnumberforms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str630[sizeof("lt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str636[sizeof("innewa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str639[sizeof("sk")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str642[sizeof("control")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str643[sizeof("inkawi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str645[sizeof("inancientsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str647[sizeof("palm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str650[sizeof("inlycian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str657[sizeof("so")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str660[sizeof("patternwhitespace")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str672[sizeof("inmandaic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str675[sizeof("idc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str678[sizeof("meroiticcursive")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str679[sizeof("intoto")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str683[sizeof("vs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str692[sizeof("xids")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str695[sizeof("inwarangciti")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str696[sizeof("sora")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str697[sizeof("inopticalcharacterrecognition")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str700[sizeof("kawi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str703[sizeof("inoldsogdian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str705[sizeof("inmalayalam")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str707[sizeof("bamum")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str708[sizeof("inkanasupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str713[sizeof("insundanese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str720[sizeof("grext")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str737[sizeof("print")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str738[sizeof("intaitham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str742[sizeof("lower")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str745[sizeof("patternsyntax")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str753[sizeof("joinc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str755[sizeof("inoldsoutharabian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str760[sizeof("incjkstrokes")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str761[sizeof("batk")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str766[sizeof("samr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str767[sizeof("inwancho")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str771[sizeof("batak")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str776[sizeof("patws")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str783[sizeof("samaritan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str787[sizeof("idsbinaryoperator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str791[sizeof("pauc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str794[sizeof("insmallkanaextension")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str797[sizeof("sm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str799[sizeof("indominotiles")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str802[sizeof("alnum")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str803[sizeof("inznamennymusicalnotation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str809[sizeof("insylotinagri")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str814[sizeof("inugaritic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str818[sizeof("incontrolpictures")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str821[sizeof("inlinearbideograms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str822[sizeof("inmusicalsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str823[sizeof("s")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str824[sizeof("ital")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str825[sizeof("inmodifiertoneletters")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str828[sizeof("inancientgreekmusicalnotation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str838[sizeof("lisu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str842[sizeof("lowercase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str845[sizeof("cwcm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str847[sizeof("sc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str848[sizeof("bass")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str855[sizeof("ids")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str857[sizeof("inlatinextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str875[sizeof("intaile")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str886[sizeof("inmiscellaneoussymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str895[sizeof("inmiscellaneoussymbolsandarrows")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str898[sizeof("incaucasianalbanian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str900[sizeof("inmiscellaneoussymbolsandpictographs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str906[sizeof("inoldturkic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str907[sizeof("insaurashtra")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str920[sizeof("incyrillicextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str924[sizeof("idcontinue")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str925[sizeof("intaixuanjingsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str926[sizeof("intamil")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str928[sizeof("inmultani")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str929[sizeof("inlatinextendede")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str930[sizeof("pd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str946[sizeof("bali")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str961[sizeof("blank")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str963[sizeof("idst")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str974[sizeof("inlydian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str986[sizeof("innewtailue")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str994[sizeof("bengali")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str995[sizeof("runr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1010[sizeof("ll")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1013[sizeof("indeseret")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1015[sizeof("inancientgreeknumbers")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1021[sizeof("idstart")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1024[sizeof("zl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1025[sizeof("inmeeteimayekextensions")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1028[sizeof("balinese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1032[sizeof("incyrillicextendedc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1035[sizeof("inspacingmodifierletters")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1036[sizeof("inearlydynasticcuneiform")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1049[sizeof("plrd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1067[sizeof("canadianaboriginal")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1072[sizeof("sind")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1081[sizeof("inlatinextendedc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1085[sizeof("uideo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1087[sizeof("incountingrodnumerals")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1089[sizeof("zinh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1095[sizeof("dia")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1096[sizeof("di")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1097[sizeof("inkhudawadi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1102[sizeof("inhanifirohingya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1104[sizeof("diak")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1105[sizeof("gong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1107[sizeof("ingrantha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1109[sizeof("bidic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1114[sizeof("xidstart")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1115[sizeof("xdigit")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1119[sizeof("mong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1120[sizeof("cased")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1134[sizeof("inhiragana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1140[sizeof("sinhala")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1142[sizeof("adlm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1145[sizeof("xsux")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1146[sizeof("glagolitic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1147[sizeof("sterm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1149[sizeof("bamu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1150[sizeof("georgian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1151[sizeof("inosage")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1152[sizeof("gunjalagondi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1153[sizeof("phoenician")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1156[sizeof("inolduyghur")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1157[sizeof("multani")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1158[sizeof("kaithi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1164[sizeof("joincontrol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1168[sizeof("runic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1170[sizeof("ingeneralpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1171[sizeof("inmahajani")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1174[sizeof("incyrillicsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1175[sizeof("lowercaseletter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1176[sizeof("marchen")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1177[sizeof("graphemelink")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1178[sizeof("ingeorgian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1180[sizeof("khojki")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1181[sizeof("cham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1182[sizeof("inogham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1183[sizeof("cher")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1185[sizeof("chakma")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1186[sizeof("inkaktoviknumerals")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1190[sizeof("emoji")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1191[sizeof("insiddham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1197[sizeof("cherokee")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1198[sizeof("khar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1203[sizeof("inmongolian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1204[sizeof("innagmundari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1207[sizeof("incherokeesupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1209[sizeof("manichaean")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1212[sizeof("inolchiki")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1223[sizeof("inkhitansmallscript")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1227[sizeof("quotationmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1229[sizeof("vithkuqi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1230[sizeof("variationselector")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1231[sizeof("adlam")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1232[sizeof("inethiopic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1233[sizeof("graphemebase")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1234[sizeof("age=11.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1235[sizeof("age=12.1")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1236[sizeof("age=10.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1237[sizeof("age=12.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1241[sizeof("age=13.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1242[sizeof("age=1.1")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1243[sizeof("casedletter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1244[sizeof("ingurmukhi")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1245[sizeof("age=2.1")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1246[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensiona")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1247[sizeof("age=2.0")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1248[sizeof("lu")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1249[sizeof("age=3.1")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1250[sizeof("age=9.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1251[sizeof("age=3.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1252[sizeof("age=3.2")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1253[sizeof("age=8.0")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1254[sizeof("intamilsupplement")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1255[sizeof("age=6.1")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1256[sizeof("unknown")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1257[sizeof("age=6.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1258[sizeof("age=6.2")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1259[sizeof("age=15.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1260[sizeof("age=7.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1262[sizeof("age=6.3")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1263[sizeof("cwt")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1265[sizeof("age=14.0")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1266[sizeof("unassigned")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1267[sizeof("age=5.1")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1269[sizeof("age=5.0")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1270[sizeof("age=5.2")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1271[sizeof("diacritic")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1273[sizeof("age=4.1")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1274[sizeof("ahom")];
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1275[sizeof("age=4.0")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1282[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensione")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1285[sizeof("khmr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1289[sizeof("insinhala")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1292[sizeof("inmiscellaneoustechnical")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1297[sizeof("saur")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1300[sizeof("guru")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1301[sizeof("sundanese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1306[sizeof("punct")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1314[sizeof("paucinhau")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1317[sizeof("gurmukhi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1328[sizeof("chorasmian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1331[sizeof("logicalorderexception")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1340[sizeof("khmer")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1343[sizeof("limbu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1349[sizeof("chrs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1352[sizeof("oriya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1354[sizeof("inscriptionalpahlavi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1356[sizeof("incyrillicextendedd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1358[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1360[sizeof("cntrl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1365[sizeof("inlatinextendedadditional")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1367[sizeof("insorasompeng")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1369[sizeof("radical")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1373[sizeof("emojimodifier")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1375[sizeof("kharoshthi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1380[sizeof("n")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1384[sizeof("math")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1387[sizeof("goth")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1392[sizeof("phnx")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1400[sizeof("anatolianhieroglyphs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1401[sizeof("inenclosedalphanumerics")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1407[sizeof("nandinagari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1409[sizeof("no")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1415[sizeof("intangsa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1419[sizeof("nko")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1420[sizeof("nkoo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1422[sizeof("ingreekandcoptic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1426[sizeof("p")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1428[sizeof("grantha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1429[sizeof("decimalnumber")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1438[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1442[sizeof("intirhuta")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1448[sizeof("inhatran")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1449[sizeof("linb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1451[sizeof("mult")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1454[sizeof("saurashtra")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1457[sizeof("kthi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1460[sizeof("zanb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1462[sizeof("inbhaiksuki")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1470[sizeof("innabataean")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1471[sizeof("inphoenician")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1474[sizeof("xpeo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1475[sizeof("inkanbun")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1476[sizeof("inmeroitichieroglyphs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1480[sizeof("ahex")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1489[sizeof("enclosingmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1495[sizeof("sd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1497[sizeof("inelbasan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1499[sizeof("inenclosedideographicsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1501[sizeof("sidd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1507[sizeof("linearb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1508[sizeof("cpmn")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1517[sizeof("inenclosedalphanumericsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1520[sizeof("bidicontrol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1524[sizeof("inphaistosdisc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1529[sizeof("limb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1531[sizeof("inkangxiradicals")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1533[sizeof("lepc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1536[sizeof("braille")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1537[sizeof("regionalindicator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1542[sizeof("inlowsurrogates")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1547[sizeof("brah")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1549[sizeof("inoldhungarian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1557[sizeof("beng")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1563[sizeof("emojimodifierbase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1565[sizeof("inarabic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1570[sizeof("osage")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1572[sizeof("inherited")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1577[sizeof("incyprominoan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1580[sizeof("glag")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1582[sizeof("medf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1583[sizeof("osma")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1587[sizeof("indogra")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1597[sizeof("arab")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1598[sizeof("medefaidrin")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1607[sizeof("inshorthandformatcontrols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1613[sizeof("phli")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1617[sizeof("inimperialaramaic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1618[sizeof("emod")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1622[sizeof("ingreekextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1623[sizeof("inanatolianhieroglyphs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1629[sizeof("punctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1635[sizeof("graphemeextend")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1643[sizeof("cwl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1644[sizeof("vith")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1654[sizeof("ingeometricshapes")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1655[sizeof("emojicomponent")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1657[sizeof("dsrt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1662[sizeof("coptic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1664[sizeof("inkayahli")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1671[sizeof("inoriya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1675[sizeof("inarabicpresentationformsa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1677[sizeof("inbasiclatin")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1682[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensiond")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1684[sizeof("wara")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1686[sizeof("sinh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1687[sizeof("sund")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1691[sizeof("shavian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1699[sizeof("insundanesesupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1701[sizeof("inyezidi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1704[sizeof("bhks")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1714[sizeof("bhaiksuki")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1722[sizeof("inhanunoo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1724[sizeof("intangut")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1728[sizeof("sogdian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1729[sizeof("inlatinextendedd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1730[sizeof("sogo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1731[sizeof("insinhalaarchaicnumbers")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1732[sizeof("ideographic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1733[sizeof("ugar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1734[sizeof("deseret")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1735[sizeof("odi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1740[sizeof("copt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1742[sizeof("imperialaramaic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1745[sizeof("insogdian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1746[sizeof("indingbats")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1750[sizeof("format")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1752[sizeof("ininscriptionalpahlavi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1753[sizeof("lyci")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1757[sizeof("ininscriptionalparthian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1766[sizeof("grbase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1768[sizeof("lycian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1769[sizeof("inbatak")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1776[sizeof("cprt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1781[sizeof("inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1788[sizeof("mymr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1793[sizeof("myanmar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1806[sizeof("intibetan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1810[sizeof("intags")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1811[sizeof("asciihexdigit")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1813[sizeof("sentenceterminal")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1821[sizeof("nand")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1828[sizeof("inblockelements")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1838[sizeof("inornamentaldingbats")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1841[sizeof("inethiopicextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1842[sizeof("innumberforms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1843[sizeof("cwcf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1845[sizeof("oidc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1848[sizeof("bopo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1851[sizeof("cuneiform")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1866[sizeof("caseignorable")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1871[sizeof("inoldpersian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1881[sizeof("cwu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1888[sizeof("inelymaic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1889[sizeof("insoyombo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1896[sizeof("ingeometricshapesextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1902[sizeof("incjkcompatibility")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1904[sizeof("inmyanmarextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1905[sizeof("innushu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1912[sizeof("inkanaextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1913[sizeof("olck")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1916[sizeof("inbyzantinemusicalsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1924[sizeof("olchiki")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1929[sizeof("inkatakanaphoneticextensions")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1932[sizeof("incoptic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1935[sizeof("oids")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1936[sizeof("inarabicextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1941[sizeof("modifierletter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1950[sizeof("incjksymbolsandpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1956[sizeof("olower")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1958[sizeof("bopomofo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1964[sizeof("inlisu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1967[sizeof("inoldpermic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1968[sizeof("innoblock")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1969[sizeof("ext")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1974[sizeof("inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabics")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1981[sizeof("takri")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1985[sizeof("inbraillepatterns")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1988[sizeof("invai")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1991[sizeof("alpha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1993[sizeof("inbalinese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1994[sizeof("sorasompeng")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str1996[sizeof("closepunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2001[sizeof("hani")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2002[sizeof("inmayannumerals")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2004[sizeof("han")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2006[sizeof("inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2010[sizeof("inlepcha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2011[sizeof("patsyn")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2012[sizeof("inlisusupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2014[sizeof("insyriacsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2015[sizeof("hano")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2016[sizeof("newa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2023[sizeof("spacingmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2024[sizeof("inpalmyrene")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2026[sizeof("takr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2033[sizeof("xposixpunct")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2040[sizeof("inkhojki")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2042[sizeof("taile")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2043[sizeof("assigned")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2044[sizeof("hanunoo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2047[sizeof("hira")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2048[sizeof("inarabicextendedc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2062[sizeof("newtailue")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2070[sizeof("space")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2073[sizeof("intelugu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2077[sizeof("lydi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2078[sizeof("idsb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2090[sizeof("extpict")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2092[sizeof("lydian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2095[sizeof("inethiopicsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2103[sizeof("sarb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2110[sizeof("ugaritic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2114[sizeof("inyiradicals")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2115[sizeof("inphoneticextensions")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2117[sizeof("sharada")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2128[sizeof("zanabazarsquare")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2135[sizeof("bugi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2137[sizeof("word")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2141[sizeof("term")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2145[sizeof("separator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2146[sizeof("ingeorgiansupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2149[sizeof("sogd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2163[sizeof("extender")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2165[sizeof("shrd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2166[sizeof("graph")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2174[sizeof("tnsa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2178[sizeof("tangsa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2181[sizeof("phag")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2182[sizeof("dogra")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2195[sizeof("inhanguljamo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2196[sizeof("inshavian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2207[sizeof("siddham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2211[sizeof("cf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2216[sizeof("inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2217[sizeof("buginese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2218[sizeof("inmongoliansupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2219[sizeof("cyrl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2224[sizeof("inhanguljamoextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2228[sizeof("pf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2229[sizeof("number")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2232[sizeof("inphoneticextensionssupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2233[sizeof("dogr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2234[sizeof("mlym")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2235[sizeof("incopticepactnumbers")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2241[sizeof("malayalam")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2244[sizeof("inbamum")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2247[sizeof("nd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2248[sizeof("insuttonsignwriting")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2276[sizeof("inethiopicextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2278[sizeof("shaw")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2279[sizeof("palmyrene")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2283[sizeof("soyo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2296[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2305[sizeof("sgnw")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2308[sizeof("toto")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2312[sizeof("caucasianalbanian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2315[sizeof("inmathematicalalphanumericsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2316[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensiong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2318[sizeof("hatran")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2321[sizeof("taiviet")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2323[sizeof("meroitichieroglyphs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2327[sizeof("ingeorgianextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2331[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2333[sizeof("oldpersian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2343[sizeof("induployan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2344[sizeof("incyrillicextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2345[sizeof("dash")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2353[sizeof("hatr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2361[sizeof("innyiakengpuachuehmong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2364[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarks")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2373[sizeof("nl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2374[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarksforsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2375[sizeof("khudawadi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2397[sizeof("incjkradicalssupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2398[sizeof("inglagolitic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2405[sizeof("orkh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2414[sizeof("syrc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2427[sizeof("surrogate")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2433[sizeof("indevanagari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2434[sizeof("avestan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2437[sizeof("oldpermic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2440[sizeof("ethi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2451[sizeof("ogam")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2454[sizeof("rohg")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2460[sizeof("idstrinaryoperator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2464[sizeof("java")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2470[sizeof("inphagspa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2475[sizeof("lepcha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2476[sizeof("indevanagariextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2478[sizeof("intifinagh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2479[sizeof("intagalog")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2481[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarkssupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2500[sizeof("tale")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2506[sizeof("inbrahmi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2511[sizeof("terminalpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2513[sizeof("insymbolsandpictographsextendeda")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2530[sizeof("syriac")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2534[sizeof("inbengali")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2535[sizeof("nagm")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2545[sizeof("extendedpictographic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2548[sizeof("buhd")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2549[sizeof("javanese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2551[sizeof("taml")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2564[sizeof("inbuginese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2567[sizeof("inlatin1supplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2570[sizeof("ingothic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2572[sizeof("invariationselectors")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2574[sizeof("hex")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2575[sizeof("inverticalforms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2576[sizeof("ebase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2582[sizeof("incurrencysymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2588[sizeof("avst")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2602[sizeof("osge")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2606[sizeof("incombiningdiacriticalmarksextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2608[sizeof("intaiviet")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2609[sizeof("spaceseparator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2625[sizeof("softdotted")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2648[sizeof("nchar")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2652[sizeof("invedicextensions")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2656[sizeof("inlimbu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2657[sizeof("olditalic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2665[sizeof("gujr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2666[sizeof("mathsymbol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2670[sizeof("incjkunifiedideographsextensionb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2674[sizeof("gujarati")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2688[sizeof("phagspa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2689[sizeof("invariationselectorssupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2694[sizeof("currencysymbol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2705[sizeof("inlinearbsyllabary")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2726[sizeof("wancho")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2750[sizeof("inpaucinhau")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2761[sizeof("other")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2762[sizeof("otheridcontinue")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2765[sizeof("sylo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2766[sizeof("zp")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2769[sizeof("inaegeannumbers")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2772[sizeof("warangciti")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2775[sizeof("othernumber")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2786[sizeof("digit")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2793[sizeof("nonspacingmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2801[sizeof("titlecaseletter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2808[sizeof("inmeroiticcursive")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2810[sizeof("wcho")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2816[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=spacingmark")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2821[sizeof("inletterlikesymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2830[sizeof("inottomansiyaqnumbers")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2834[sizeof("intagbanwa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2836[sizeof("cyrillic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2847[sizeof("oalpha")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2852[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=cr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2855[sizeof("narb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2856[sizeof("changeswhencasemapped")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2859[sizeof("inbopomofo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2867[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=regionalindicator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2868[sizeof("otheralphabetic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2871[sizeof("noncharactercodepoint")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2879[sizeof("oldhungarian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2886[sizeof("insymbolsforlegacycomputing")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2902[sizeof("insmallformvariants")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2904[sizeof("inhangulsyllables")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2905[sizeof("emojipresentation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2907[sizeof("epres")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2909[sizeof("inbassavah")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2911[sizeof("indevanagariextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2941[sizeof("inbuhid")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2953[sizeof("tirhuta")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2964[sizeof("inpsalterpahlavi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2966[sizeof("whitespace")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2967[sizeof("finalpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2970[sizeof("orya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2980[sizeof("phlp")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2984[sizeof("inbamumsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2986[sizeof("buhid")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2987[sizeof("paragraphseparator")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2988[sizeof("inalphabeticpresentationforms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str2997[sizeof("inlatinextendedg")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3001[sizeof("elba")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3002[sizeof("changeswhentitlecased")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3005[sizeof("incombininghalfmarks")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3006[sizeof("intangutcomponents")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3015[sizeof("thaa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3018[sizeof("thai")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3019[sizeof("oldturkic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3026[sizeof("thaana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3027[sizeof("inlatinextendedf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3035[sizeof("ougr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3042[sizeof("tang")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3045[sizeof("inarabicmathematicalalphabeticsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3048[sizeof("tagbanwa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3052[sizeof("tamil")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3053[sizeof("khitansmallscript")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3058[sizeof("mahj")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3067[sizeof("mahajani")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3068[sizeof("hang")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3071[sizeof("tirh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3072[sizeof("sylotinagri")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3082[sizeof("talu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3084[sizeof("nagmundari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3086[sizeof("deva")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3087[sizeof("ingujarati")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3091[sizeof("deprecated")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3099[sizeof("inarabicpresentationformsb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3104[sizeof("devanagari")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3106[sizeof("ingunjalagondi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3107[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=t")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3109[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=lvt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3110[sizeof("taitham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3111[sizeof("nbat")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3118[sizeof("telu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3123[sizeof("hiragana")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3125[sizeof("nabataean")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3135[sizeof("inrejang")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3142[sizeof("intangutsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3145[sizeof("khoj")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3155[sizeof("hmng")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3157[sizeof("cyprominoan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3158[sizeof("inhebrew")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3176[sizeof("inmathematicaloperators")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3180[sizeof("inarabicsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3193[sizeof("inenclosedcjklettersandmonths")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3209[sizeof("changeswhenlowercased")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3212[sizeof("tangut")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3215[sizeof("elbasan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3218[sizeof("osmanya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3237[sizeof("insuperscriptsandsubscripts")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3239[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=extend")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3240[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=prepend")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3248[sizeof("nshu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3254[sizeof("otherlowercase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3265[sizeof("inethiopicextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3267[sizeof("otherletter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3275[sizeof("kayahli")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3284[sizeof("inplayingcards")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3287[sizeof("elym")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3297[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=l")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3303[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=control")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3313[sizeof("ogrext")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3320[sizeof("elymaic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3328[sizeof("changeswhenuppercased")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3329[sizeof("inalchemicalsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3331[sizeof("oldsogdian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3338[sizeof("otheridstart")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3348[sizeof("insupplementalarrowsa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3350[sizeof("invithkuqi")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3355[sizeof("symbol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3360[sizeof("inarabicextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3371[sizeof("cypriot")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3372[sizeof("any")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3373[sizeof("otheruppercase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3377[sizeof("rjng")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3391[sizeof("wspace")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3396[sizeof("inindicsiyaqnumbers")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3405[sizeof("inprivateusearea")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3416[sizeof("othersymbol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3428[sizeof("oupper")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3433[sizeof("signwriting")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3436[sizeof("nushu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3455[sizeof("hmnp")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3458[sizeof("upper")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3460[sizeof("insupplementalarrowsc")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3483[sizeof("omath")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3502[sizeof("modifiersymbol")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3504[sizeof("hebr")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3505[sizeof("inhalfwidthandfullwidthforms")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3511[sizeof("insupplementalmathematicaloperators")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3532[sizeof("inpahawhhmong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3533[sizeof("alphabetic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3558[sizeof("uppercase")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3580[sizeof("dupl")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3590[sizeof("ogham")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3613[sizeof("dashpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3618[sizeof("hangul")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3648[sizeof("inhanguljamoextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3659[sizeof("bassavah")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3664[sizeof("aghb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3686[sizeof("hung")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3689[sizeof("hexdigit")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3698[sizeof("incypriotsyllabary")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3699[sizeof("indivesakuru")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3701[sizeof("tibt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3705[sizeof("inlatinextendedb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3710[sizeof("hluw")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3713[sizeof("tibetan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3721[sizeof("inyisyllables")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3744[sizeof("oldnortharabian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3754[sizeof("defaultignorablecodepoint")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3766[sizeof("inhighprivateusesurrogates")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3799[sizeof("soyombo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3807[sizeof("otherdefaultignorablecodepoint")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3842[sizeof("pahawhhmong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3845[sizeof("unifiedideograph")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3850[sizeof("othermath")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3854[sizeof("changeswhencasefolded")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3857[sizeof("inmahjongtiles")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3868[sizeof("dep")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3881[sizeof("divesakuru")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3884[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=lf")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3891[sizeof("uppercaseletter")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3924[sizeof("insupplementalpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3942[sizeof("ethiopic")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3944[sizeof("inyijinghexagramsymbols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3949[sizeof("ecomp")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3976[sizeof("inglagoliticsupplement")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str3998[sizeof("inbopomofoextended")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4007[sizeof("injavanese")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4106[sizeof("otherpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4116[sizeof("tifinagh")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4127[sizeof("tfng")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4169[sizeof("hanifirohingya")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4231[sizeof("tavt")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4308[sizeof("inboxdrawing")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4309[sizeof("oldsoutharabian")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4348[sizeof("inegyptianhieroglyphs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4361[sizeof("inegyptianhieroglyphformatcontrols")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4459[sizeof("tagb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4487[sizeof("rejang")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4604[sizeof("tglg")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4626[sizeof("tagalog")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4627[sizeof("othergraphemeextend")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4674[sizeof("insupplementaryprivateuseareaa")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4683[sizeof("inhighsurrogates")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4695[sizeof("hebrew")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4734[sizeof("duployan")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4755[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=v")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4756[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=lv")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4772[sizeof("insupplementalarrowsb")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4783[sizeof("graphemeclusterbreak=zwj")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4810[sizeof("telugu")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4898[sizeof("zyyy")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4982[sizeof("olduyghur")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str4986[sizeof("inhangulcompatibilityjamo")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5018[sizeof("openpunctuation")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5038[sizeof("hyphen")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5134[sizeof("insupplementalsymbolsandpictographs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5141[sizeof("egyp")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5300[sizeof("nyiakengpuachuehmong")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str5980[sizeof("egyptianhieroglyphs")];
+    char uniname2ctype_pool_str6098[sizeof("insupplementaryprivateuseareab")];
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+  };
+static const struct uniname2ctype_pool_t uniname2ctype_pool_contents =
+  {
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "word",
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "yi",
+    "yiii",
+    "lana",
+    "lina",
+    "maka",
+    "mani",
+    "mn",
+    "miao",
+    "lo",
+    "ci",
+    "lao",
+    "laoo",
+    "inkannada",
+    "cn",
+    "pi",
+    "innko",
+    "z",
+    "gran",
+    "co",
+    "lineara",
+    "mark",
+    "yezi",
+    "po",
+    "me",
+    "cari",
+    "inkharoshthi",
+    "kana",
+    "loe",
+    "m",
+    "grek",
+    "mro",
+    "mroo",
+    "carian",
+    "geor",
+    "greek",
+    "gonm",
+    "mendekikakui",
+    "pe",
+    "mero",
+    "inosmanya",
+    "cakm",
+    "inmanichaean",
+    "inmro",
+    "inmiao",
+    "inchakma",
+    "c",
+    "mandaic",
+    "meeteimayek",
+    "zzzz",
+    "inarmenian",
+    "inmyanmar",
+    "inmakasar",
+    "common",
+    "lm",
+    "marc",
+    "inrunic",
+    "incarian",
+    "inideographicsymbolsandpunctuation",
+    "inkhmer",
+    "qaai",
+    "inahom",
+    "merc",
+    "inchorasmian",
+    "combiningmark",
+    "lc",
+    "perm",
+    "mc",
+    "connectorpunctuation",
+    "cans",
+    "incuneiformnumbersandpunctuation",
+    "armi",
+    "cc",
+    "armn",
+    "incherokee",
+    "prependedconcatenationmark",
+    "incuneiform",
+    "inavestan",
+    "inipaextensions",
+    "pc",
+    "armenian",
+    "insharada",
+    "vai",
+    "vaii",
+    "inmarchen",
+    "makasar",
+    "masaramgondi",
+    "inarrows",
+    "incyrillic",
+    "incham",
+    "qmark",
+    "ri",
+    "qaac",
+    "insamaritan",
+    "latn",
+    "inmasaramgondi",
+    "inthaana",
+    "latin",
+    "inthai",
+    "lineseparator",
+    "pcm",
+    "inkatakana",
+    "inkaithi",
+    "inscriptionalparthian",
+    "initialpunctuation",
+    "mtei",
+    "inzanabazarsquare",
+    "inkhmersymbols",
+    "insyriac",
+    "intakri",
+    "arabic",
+    "katakana",
+    "prti",
+    "zs",
+    "ascii",
+    "cs",
+    "ps",
+    "mand",
+    "privateuse",
+    "inruminumeralsymbols",
+    "inmyanmarextendeda",
+    "modi",
+    "incjkcompatibilityforms",
+    "inkanaextendeda",
+    "incjkcompatibilityideographs",
+    "brai",
+    "mend",
+    "ideo",
+    "letter",
+    "l",
+    "inmeeteimayek",
+    "inideographicdescriptioncharacters",
+    "yezidi",
+    "knda",
+    "innandinagari",
+    "kannada",
+    "inmodi",
+    "inlao",
+    "xidcontinue",
+    "inoldnortharabian",
+    "intransportandmapsymbols",
+    "letternumber",
+    "gothic",
+    "inlineara",
+    "inmendekikakui",
+    "mongolian",
+    "inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsa",
+    "inspecials",
+    "grlink",
+    "brahmi",
+    "inemoticons",
+    "kali",
+    "inolditalic",
+    "xidc",
+    "inmedefaidrin",
+    "inchesssymbols",
+    "incjkcompatibilityideographssupplement",
+    "kits",
+    "inadlam",
+    "psalterpahlavi",
+    "incommonindicnumberforms",
+    "lt",
+    "innewa",
+    "sk",
+    "control",
+    "inkawi",
+    "inancientsymbols",
+    "palm",
+    "inlycian",
+    "so",
+    "patternwhitespace",
+    "inmandaic",
+    "idc",
+    "meroiticcursive",
+    "intoto",
+    "vs",
+    "xids",
+    "inwarangciti",
+    "sora",
+    "inopticalcharacterrecognition",
+    "kawi",
+    "inoldsogdian",
+    "inmalayalam",
+    "bamum",
+    "inkanasupplement",
+    "insundanese",
+    "grext",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "print",
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "punct",
+    "alpha",
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "intaitham",
+    "lower",
+    "patternsyntax",
+    "joinc",
+    "inoldsoutharabian",
+    "incjkstrokes",
+    "batk",
+    "samr",
+    "inwancho",
+    "batak",
+    "patws",
+    "samaritan",
+    "idsbinaryoperator",
+    "pauc",
+    "insmallkanaextension",
+    "sm",
+    "indominotiles",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "alnum",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "inznamennymusicalnotation",
+    "insylotinagri",
+    "inugaritic",
+    "incontrolpictures",
+    "inlinearbideograms",
+    "inmusicalsymbols",
+    "s",
+    "ital",
+    "inmodifiertoneletters",
+    "inancientgreekmusicalnotation",
+    "lisu",
+    "lowercase",
+    "cwcm",
+    "sc",
+    "bass",
+    "ids",
+    "inlatinextendeda",
+    "intaile",
+    "inmiscellaneoussymbols",
+    "inmiscellaneoussymbolsandarrows",
+    "incaucasianalbanian",
+    "inmiscellaneoussymbolsandpictographs",
+    "inoldturkic",
+    "insaurashtra",
+    "incyrillicextendeda",
+    "idcontinue",
+    "intaixuanjingsymbols",
+    "intamil",
+    "inmultani",
+    "inlatinextendede",
+    "pd",
+    "bali",
+    "blank",
+    "idst",
+    "inlydian",
+    "innewtailue",
+    "bengali",
+    "runr",
+    "ll",
+    "indeseret",
+    "inancientgreeknumbers",
+    "idstart",
+    "zl",
+    "inmeeteimayekextensions",
+    "balinese",
+    "incyrillicextendedc",
+    "inspacingmodifierletters",
+    "inearlydynasticcuneiform",
+    "plrd",
+    "canadianaboriginal",
+    "sind",
+    "inlatinextendedc",
+    "uideo",
+    "incountingrodnumerals",
+    "zinh",
+    "dia",
+    "di",
+    "inkhudawadi",
+    "inhanifirohingya",
+    "diak",
+    "gong",
+    "ingrantha",
+    "bidic",
+    "xidstart",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "xdigit",
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "upper",
+    "ascii",
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "mong",
+    "cased",
+    "inhiragana",
+    "sinhala",
+    "adlm",
+    "xsux",
+    "glagolitic",
+    "sterm",
+    "bamu",
+    "georgian",
+    "inosage",
+    "gunjalagondi",
+    "phoenician",
+    "inolduyghur",
+    "multani",
+    "kaithi",
+    "joincontrol",
+    "runic",
+    "ingeneralpunctuation",
+    "inmahajani",
+    "incyrillicsupplement",
+    "lowercaseletter",
+    "marchen",
+    "graphemelink",
+    "ingeorgian",
+    "khojki",
+    "cham",
+    "inogham",
+    "cher",
+    "chakma",
+    "inkaktoviknumerals",
+    "emoji",
+    "insiddham",
+    "cherokee",
+    "khar",
+    "inmongolian",
+    "innagmundari",
+    "incherokeesupplement",
+    "manichaean",
+    "inolchiki",
+    "inkhitansmallscript",
+    "quotationmark",
+    "vithkuqi",
+    "variationselector",
+    "adlam",
+    "inethiopic",
+    "graphemebase",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=11.0",
+    "age=12.1",
+    "age=10.0",
+    "age=12.0",
+    "age=13.0",
+    "age=1.1",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "casedletter",
+    "ingurmukhi",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=2.1",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensiona",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=2.0",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "lu",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=3.1",
+    "age=9.0",
+    "age=3.0",
+    "age=3.2",
+    "age=8.0",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "intamilsupplement",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=6.1",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "unknown",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=6.0",
+    "age=6.2",
+    "age=15.0",
+    "age=7.0",
+    "age=6.3",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "cwt",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=14.0",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "unassigned",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=5.1",
+    "age=5.0",
+    "age=5.2",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "diacritic",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=4.1",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "ahom",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+    "age=4.0",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensione",
+    "khmr",
+    "insinhala",
+    "inmiscellaneoustechnical",
+    "saur",
+    "guru",
+    "sundanese",
+    "punct",
+    "paucinhau",
+    "gurmukhi",
+    "chorasmian",
+    "logicalorderexception",
+    "khmer",
+    "limbu",
+    "chrs",
+    "oriya",
+    "inscriptionalpahlavi",
+    "incyrillicextendedd",
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionc",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "cntrl",
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "space",
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "inlatinextendedadditional",
+    "insorasompeng",
+    "radical",
+    "emojimodifier",
+    "kharoshthi",
+    "n",
+    "math",
+    "goth",
+    "phnx",
+    "anatolianhieroglyphs",
+    "inenclosedalphanumerics",
+    "nandinagari",
+    "no",
+    "intangsa",
+    "nko",
+    "nkoo",
+    "ingreekandcoptic",
+    "p",
+    "grantha",
+    "decimalnumber",
+    "incjkunifiedideographs",
+    "intirhuta",
+    "inhatran",
+    "linb",
+    "mult",
+    "saurashtra",
+    "kthi",
+    "zanb",
+    "inbhaiksuki",
+    "innabataean",
+    "inphoenician",
+    "xpeo",
+    "inkanbun",
+    "inmeroitichieroglyphs",
+    "ahex",
+    "enclosingmark",
+    "sd",
+    "inelbasan",
+    "inenclosedideographicsupplement",
+    "sidd",
+    "linearb",
+    "cpmn",
+    "inenclosedalphanumericsupplement",
+    "bidicontrol",
+    "inphaistosdisc",
+    "limb",
+    "inkangxiradicals",
+    "lepc",
+    "braille",
+    "regionalindicator",
+    "inlowsurrogates",
+    "brah",
+    "inoldhungarian",
+    "beng",
+    "emojimodifierbase",
+    "inarabic",
+    "osage",
+    "inherited",
+    "incyprominoan",
+    "glag",
+    "medf",
+    "osma",
+    "indogra",
+    "arab",
+    "medefaidrin",
+    "inshorthandformatcontrols",
+    "phli",
+    "inimperialaramaic",
+    "emod",
+    "ingreekextended",
+    "inanatolianhieroglyphs",
+    "punctuation",
+    "graphemeextend",
+    "cwl",
+    "vith",
+    "ingeometricshapes",
+    "emojicomponent",
+    "dsrt",
+    "coptic",
+    "inkayahli",
+    "inoriya",
+    "inarabicpresentationformsa",
+    "inbasiclatin",
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensiond",
+    "wara",
+    "sinh",
+    "sund",
+    "shavian",
+    "insundanesesupplement",
+    "inyezidi",
+    "bhks",
+    "bhaiksuki",
+    "inhanunoo",
+    "intangut",
+    "sogdian",
+    "inlatinextendedd",
+    "sogo",
+    "insinhalaarchaicnumbers",
+    "ideographic",
+    "ugar",
+    "deseret",
+    "odi",
+    "copt",
+    "imperialaramaic",
+    "insogdian",
+    "indingbats",
+    "format",
+    "ininscriptionalpahlavi",
+    "lyci",
+    "ininscriptionalparthian",
+    "grbase",
+    "lycian",
+    "inbatak",
+    "cprt",
+    "inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextendeda",
+    "mymr",
+    "myanmar",
+    "intibetan",
+    "intags",
+    "asciihexdigit",
+    "sentenceterminal",
+    "nand",
+    "inblockelements",
+    "inornamentaldingbats",
+    "inethiopicextendeda",
+    "innumberforms",
+    "cwcf",
+    "oidc",
+    "bopo",
+    "cuneiform",
+    "caseignorable",
+    "inoldpersian",
+    "cwu",
+    "inelymaic",
+    "insoyombo",
+    "ingeometricshapesextended",
+    "incjkcompatibility",
+    "inmyanmarextendedb",
+    "innushu",
+    "inkanaextendedb",
+    "olck",
+    "inbyzantinemusicalsymbols",
+    "olchiki",
+    "inkatakanaphoneticextensions",
+    "incoptic",
+    "oids",
+    "inarabicextendeda",
+    "modifierletter",
+    "incjksymbolsandpunctuation",
+    "olower",
+    "bopomofo",
+    "inlisu",
+    "inoldpermic",
+    "innoblock",
+    "ext",
+    "inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabics",
+    "takri",
+    "inbraillepatterns",
+    "invai",
+    "alpha",
+    "inbalinese",
+    "sorasompeng",
+    "closepunctuation",
+    "hani",
+    "inmayannumerals",
+    "han",
+    "inmiscellaneousmathematicalsymbolsb",
+    "inlepcha",
+    "patsyn",
+    "inlisusupplement",
+    "insyriacsupplement",
+    "hano",
+    "newa",
+    "spacingmark",
+    "inpalmyrene",
+    "takr",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "xposixpunct",
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "lower",
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "inkhojki",
+    "taile",
+    "assigned",
+    "hanunoo",
+    "hira",
+    "inarabicextendedc",
+    "newtailue",
+    "space",
+    "intelugu",
+    "lydi",
+    "idsb",
+    "extpict",
+    "lydian",
+    "inethiopicsupplement",
+    "sarb",
+    "ugaritic",
+    "inyiradicals",
+    "inphoneticextensions",
+    "sharada",
+    "zanabazarsquare",
+    "bugi",
+    "word",
+    "term",
+    "separator",
+    "ingeorgiansupplement",
+    "sogd",
+    "extender",
+    "shrd",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "graph",
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "tnsa",
+    "tangsa",
+    "phag",
+    "dogra",
+    "inhanguljamo",
+    "inshavian",
+    "siddham",
+    "cf",
+    "inunifiedcanadianaboriginalsyllabicsextended",
+    "buginese",
+    "inmongoliansupplement",
+    "cyrl",
+    "inhanguljamoextendeda",
+    "pf",
+    "number",
+    "inphoneticextensionssupplement",
+    "dogr",
+    "mlym",
+    "incopticepactnumbers",
+    "malayalam",
+    "inbamum",
+    "nd",
+    "insuttonsignwriting",
+    "inethiopicextended",
+    "shaw",
+    "palmyrene",
+    "soyo",
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionh",
+    "sgnw",
+    "toto",
+    "caucasianalbanian",
+    "inmathematicalalphanumericsymbols",
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensiong",
+    "hatran",
+    "taiviet",
+    "meroitichieroglyphs",
+    "ingeorgianextended",
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionf",
+    "oldpersian",
+    "induployan",
+    "incyrillicextendedb",
+    "dash",
+    "hatr",
+    "innyiakengpuachuehmong",
+    "incombiningdiacriticalmarks",
+    "nl",
+    "incombiningdiacriticalmarksforsymbols",
+    "khudawadi",
+    "incjkradicalssupplement",
+    "inglagolitic",
+    "orkh",
+    "syrc",
+    "surrogate",
+    "indevanagari",
+    "avestan",
+    "oldpermic",
+    "ethi",
+    "ogam",
+    "rohg",
+    "idstrinaryoperator",
+    "java",
+    "inphagspa",
+    "lepcha",
+    "indevanagariextendeda",
+    "intifinagh",
+    "intagalog",
+    "incombiningdiacriticalmarkssupplement",
+    "tale",
+    "inbrahmi",
+    "terminalpunctuation",
+    "insymbolsandpictographsextendeda",
+    "syriac",
+    "inbengali",
+    "nagm",
+    "extendedpictographic",
+    "buhd",
+    "javanese",
+    "taml",
+    "inbuginese",
+    "inlatin1supplement",
+    "ingothic",
+    "invariationselectors",
+    "hex",
+    "inverticalforms",
+    "ebase",
+    "incurrencysymbols",
+    "avst",
+    "osge",
+    "incombiningdiacriticalmarksextended",
+    "intaiviet",
+    "spaceseparator",
+    "softdotted",
+    "nchar",
+    "invedicextensions",
+    "inlimbu",
+    "olditalic",
+    "gujr",
+    "mathsymbol",
+    "incjkunifiedideographsextensionb",
+    "gujarati",
+    "phagspa",
+    "invariationselectorssupplement",
+    "currencysymbol",
+    "inlinearbsyllabary",
+    "wancho",
+    "inpaucinhau",
+    "other",
+    "otheridcontinue",
+    "sylo",
+    "zp",
+    "inaegeannumbers",
+    "warangciti",
+    "othernumber",
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "digit",
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+    "blank"
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    "nonspacingmark",
+    "titlecaseletter",
+    "inmeroiticcursive",
+    "wcho",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=spacingmark",
+    "inletterlikesymbols",
+    "inottomansiyaqnumbers",
+    "intagbanwa",
+    "cyrillic",
+    "oalpha",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=cr",
+    "narb",
+    "changeswhencasemapped",
+    "inbopomofo",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=regionalindicator",
+    "otheralphabetic",
+    "noncharactercodepoint",
+    "oldhungarian",
+    "insymbolsforlegacycomputing",
+    "insmallformvariants",
+    "inhangulsyllables",
+    "emojipresentation",
+    "epres",
+    "inbassavah",
+    "indevanagariextended",
+    "inbuhid",
+    "tirhuta",
+    "inpsalterpahlavi",
+    "whitespace",
+    "finalpunctuation",
+    "orya",
+    "phlp",
+    "inbamumsupplement",
+    "buhid",
+    "paragraphseparator",
+    "inalphabeticpresentationforms",
+    "inlatinextendedg",
+    "elba",
+    "changeswhentitlecased",
+    "incombininghalfmarks",
+    "intangutcomponents",
+    "thaa",
+    "thai",
+    "oldturkic",
+    "thaana",
+    "inlatinextendedf",
+    "ougr",
+    "tang",
+    "inarabicmathematicalalphabeticsymbols",
+    "tagbanwa",
+    "tamil",
+    "khitansmallscript",
+    "mahj",
+    "mahajani",
+    "hang",
+    "tirh",
+    "sylotinagri",
+    "talu",
+    "nagmundari",
+    "deva",
+    "ingujarati",
+    "deprecated",
+    "inarabicpresentationformsb",
+    "devanagari",
+    "ingunjalagondi",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=t",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=lvt",
+    "taitham",
+    "nbat",
+    "telu",
+    "hiragana",
+    "nabataean",
+    "inrejang",
+    "intangutsupplement",
+    "khoj",
+    "hmng",
+    "cyprominoan",
+    "inhebrew",
+    "inmathematicaloperators",
+    "inarabicsupplement",
+    "inenclosedcjklettersandmonths",
+    "changeswhenlowercased",
+    "tangut",
+    "elbasan",
+    "osmanya",
+    "insuperscriptsandsubscripts",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=extend",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=prepend",
+    "nshu",
+    "otherlowercase",
+    "inethiopicextendedb",
+    "otherletter",
+    "kayahli",
+    "inplayingcards",
+    "elym",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=l",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=control",
+    "ogrext",
+    "elymaic",
+    "changeswhenuppercased",
+    "inalchemicalsymbols",
+    "oldsogdian",
+    "otheridstart",
+    "insupplementalarrowsa",
+    "invithkuqi",
+    "symbol",
+    "inarabicextendedb",
+    "cypriot",
+    "any",
+    "otheruppercase",
+    "rjng",
+    "wspace",
+    "inindicsiyaqnumbers",
+    "inprivateusearea",
+    "othersymbol",
+    "oupper",
+    "signwriting",
+    "nushu",
+    "hmnp",
+    "upper",
+    "insupplementalarrowsc",
+    "omath",
+    "modifiersymbol",
+    "hebr",
+    "inhalfwidthandfullwidthforms",
+    "insupplementalmathematicaloperators",
+    "inpahawhhmong",
+    "alphabetic",
+    "uppercase",
+    "dupl",
+    "ogham",
+    "dashpunctuation",
+    "hangul",
+    "inhanguljamoextendedb",
+    "bassavah",
+    "aghb",
+    "hung",
+    "hexdigit",
+    "incypriotsyllabary",
+    "indivesakuru",
+    "tibt",
+    "inlatinextendedb",
+    "hluw",
+    "tibetan",
+    "inyisyllables",
+    "oldnortharabian",
+    "defaultignorablecodepoint",
+    "inhighprivateusesurrogates",
+    "soyombo",
+    "otherdefaultignorablecodepoint",
+    "pahawhhmong",
+    "unifiedideograph",
+    "othermath",
+    "changeswhencasefolded",
+    "inmahjongtiles",
+    "dep",
+    "divesakuru",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=lf",
+    "uppercaseletter",
+    "insupplementalpunctuation",
+    "ethiopic",
+    "inyijinghexagramsymbols",
+    "ecomp",
+    "inglagoliticsupplement",
+    "inbopomofoextended",
+    "injavanese",
+    "otherpunctuation",
+    "tifinagh",
+    "tfng",
+    "hanifirohingya",
+    "tavt",
+    "inboxdrawing",
+    "oldsoutharabian",
+    "inegyptianhieroglyphs",
+    "inegyptianhieroglyphformatcontrols",
+    "tagb",
+    "rejang",
+    "tglg",
+    "tagalog",
+    "othergraphemeextend",
+    "insupplementaryprivateuseareaa",
+    "inhighsurrogates",
+    "hebrew",
+    "duployan",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=v",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=lv",
+    "insupplementalarrowsb",
+    "graphemeclusterbreak=zwj",
+    "telugu",
+    "zyyy",
+    "olduyghur",
+    "inhangulcompatibilityjamo",
+    "openpunctuation",
+    "hyphen",
+    "insupplementalsymbolsandpictographs",
+    "egyp",
+    "nyiakengpuachuehmong",
+    "egyptianhieroglyphs",
+    "insupplementaryprivateuseareab"
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+  };
+#define uniname2ctype_pool ((const char *) &uniname2ctype_pool_contents)
+const struct uniname2ctype_struct *
+uniname2ctype_p (register const char *str, register size_t len)
+{
+  static const struct uniname2ctype_struct wordlist[] =
+    {
+#ifdef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str11), 111},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str17), 111},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str22), 152},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str25), 184},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str33), 218},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str35), 186},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str36), 34},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str45), 173},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str46), 28},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str47), 61},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str48), 95},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str49), 95},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str52), 346},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str55), 21},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str64), 44},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str66), 333},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str67), 52},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str71), 181},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str75), 22},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str83), 184},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str86), 31},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str90), 230},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str92), 45},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str94), 33},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str100), 149},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str101), 513},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str102), 108},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str103), 263},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str107), 31},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str108), 77},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str111), 189},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str112), 189},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str115), 149},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str117), 98},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str118), 77},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str122), 212},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str129), 187},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str130), 42},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str131), 172},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str134), 497},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str139), 170},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str145), 516},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str146), 575},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str148), 580},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str149), 535},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str151), 18},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str152), 169},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str153), 160},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str158), 278},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str161), 327},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str177), 352},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str178), 563},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str183), 75},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str186), 27},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str190), 208},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str203), 360},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str204), 488},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str210), 581},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str212), 365},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str213), 115},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str218), 549},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str226), 171},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str230), 530},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str231), 31},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str236), 25},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str237), 194},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str246), 32},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str250), 40},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str253), 102},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str260), 568},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str263), 161},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str265), 19},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str267), 79},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str268), 357},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str270), 270},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str274), 567},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str275), 517},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str281), 321},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str282), 40},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str283), 79},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str285), 537},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str287), 144},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str288), 144},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str289), 560},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str293), 218},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str297), 212},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str301), 395},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str311), 325},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str313), 456},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str315), 243},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str320), 271},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str322), 129},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str328), 334},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str331), 76},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str335), 561},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str338), 332},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str340), 76},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str342), 349},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str345), 53},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str346), 270},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str348), 426},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str352), 533},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str362), 163},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str366), 44},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str373), 160},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str381), 554},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str386), 371},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str399), 330},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str401), 548},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str404), 81},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str418), 108},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str426), 163},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str430), 55},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str442), 14},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str445), 23},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str462), 46},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str468), 169},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str470), 22},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str475), 524},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str480), 457},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str481), 188},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str486), 476},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str488), 588},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str491), 470},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str500), 127},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str504), 187},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str505), 249},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str506), 24},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str509), 24},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str511), 463},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str520), 423},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str533), 230},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str538), 91},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str541), 553},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str543), 91},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str556), 546},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str558), 350},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str559), 70},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str560), 515},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str565), 624},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str566), 37},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str568), 113},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str572), 502},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str577), 611},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str579), 106},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str582), 406},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str583), 480},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str590), 74},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str594), 168},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str596), 622},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str597), 146},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str600), 490},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str602), 70},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str604), 579},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str605), 629},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str608), 637},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str609), 229},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str614), 612},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str624), 195},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str625), 447},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str630), 29},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str636), 543},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str639), 49},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str642), 19},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str643), 564},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str645), 485},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str647), 192},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str650), 487},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str657), 51},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str660), 268},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str672), 335},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str675), 68},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str678), 171},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str679), 607},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str683), 267},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str692), 69},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str695), 551},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str696), 175},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str697), 399},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str700), 236},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str703), 527},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str705), 347},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str707), 158},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str708), 587},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str713), 376},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str720), 72},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str737), 7},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str738), 373},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str742), 6},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str745), 269},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str753), 240},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str755), 514},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str760), 431},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str761), 167},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str766), 156},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str767), 608},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str771), 167},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str776), 268},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str783), 156},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str787), 256},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str791), 193},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str794), 589},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str797), 50},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str799), 617},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str802), 13},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str803), 593},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str809), 446},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str814), 493},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str818), 398},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str821), 482},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str822), 595},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str823), 47},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str824), 112},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str825), 444},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str828), 596},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str838), 157},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str842), 58},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str845), 66},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str847), 48},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str848), 178},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str855), 67},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str857), 319},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str875), 369},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str886), 404},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str895), 412},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str898), 500},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str900), 621},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str906), 521},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str907), 449},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str920), 419},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str924), 68},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str925), 599},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str926), 344},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str928), 540},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str929), 461},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str930), 41},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str946), 136},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str961), 2},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str963), 257},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str974), 510},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str986), 370},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str994), 85},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str995), 104},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1010), 26},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1013), 495},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1015), 484},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1021), 67},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1024), 53},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1025), 459},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1028), 136},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1032), 380},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1035), 322},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1036), 569},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1049), 173},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1067), 102},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1072), 197},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1081), 414},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1085), 259},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1087), 600},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1089), 115},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1095), 250},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1096), 71},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1097), 541},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1102), 523},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1104), 228},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1105), 217},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1107), 542},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1109), 239},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1114), 69},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1115), 11},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1119), 106},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1120), 60},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1134), 425},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1140), 93},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1142), 206},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1145), 137},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1146), 131},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1147), 266},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1149), 158},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1150), 98},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1151), 498},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1152), 217},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1153), 138},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1156), 529},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1157), 203},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1158), 166},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1164), 240},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1168), 104},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1170), 389},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1171), 536},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1174), 326},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1175), 26},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1176), 208},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1177), 74},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1178), 353},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1180), 183},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1181), 151},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1182), 359},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1183), 101},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1185), 170},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1186), 597},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1190), 272},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1191), 545},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1197), 101},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1198), 135},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1203), 366},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1204), 609},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1207), 462},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1209), 186},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1212), 379},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1223), 584},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1227), 243},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1229), 235},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1230), 267},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1231), 206},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1232), 355},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1233), 73},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1234), 298},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1235), 300},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1236), 297},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1237), 299},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1241), 301},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1242), 279},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1243), 25},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1244), 341},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1245), 281},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1246), 435},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1247), 280},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1248), 30},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1249), 283},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1250), 296},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1251), 282},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1252), 284},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1253), 295},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1254), 566},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1255), 291},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1256), 278},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1257), 290},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1258), 292},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1259), 303},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1260), 294},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1262), 293},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1263), 64},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1265), 302},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1266), 21},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1267), 288},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1269), 287},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1270), 289},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1271), 250},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1273), 286},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1274), 200},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1275), 285},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_AGE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1282), 635},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1285), 105},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1289), 348},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1292), 397},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1297), 145},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1300), 86},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1301), 141},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1306), 15},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1314), 193},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1317), 86},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1328), 227},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1331), 263},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1340), 105},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1343), 120},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1349), 227},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1352), 88},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1354), 164},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1356), 605},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1358), 633},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1360), 3},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1365), 387},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1367), 534},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1369), 258},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1373), 274},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1375), 135},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1380), 35},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1384), 56},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1387), 113},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1392), 138},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1400), 201},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1401), 400},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1407), 224},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1409), 38},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1415), 576},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1419), 140},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1420), 140},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1422), 324},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1426), 39},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1428), 181},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1429), 36},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1438), 437},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1442), 544},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1448), 508},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str1449), 122},
+      {-1},
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+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3891), 30},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3924), 420},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3942), 100},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3944), 436},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3949), 276},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3976), 604},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str3998), 430},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4007), 454},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4106), 45},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4116), 132},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4127), 132},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4169), 220},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4231), 153},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4308), 401},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4309), 162},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4348), 571},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4361), 572},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4459), 119},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4487), 147},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4604), 116},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4626), 116},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4627), 255},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4674), 642},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4683), 466},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4695), 80},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4734), 179},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4755), 312},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4756), 314},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4772), 409},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4783), 316},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4810), 90},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4898), 75},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4982), 232},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str4986), 428},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5018), 46},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5038), 242},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5134), 628},
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#ifndef USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str6), 12},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str7), 7},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str8), 15},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str9), 1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str10), 13},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str11), 11},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str12), 10},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str13), 14},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str14), 3},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str15), 9},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str16), 8},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str17), 6},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str18), 5},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str19), 4},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str20), 2}
+#else /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5141), 155},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5300), 225},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str5980), 155},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+      {uniname2ctype_offset(str6098), 643}
+#endif /* USE_UNICODE_PROPERTIES */
+    };
+
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register unsigned int key = uniname2ctype_hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE)
+        {
+          register int o = wordlist[key].name;
+          if (o >= 0)
+            {
+              register const char *s = o + uniname2ctype_pool;
+
+              if (*str == *s && !strncmp (str + 1, s + 1, len - 1) && s[len] == '\0')
+                return &wordlist[key];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+uniname2ctype(const UChar *name, unsigned int len)
+{
+  const struct uniname2ctype_struct *p = uniname2ctype_p((const char *)name, len);
+  if (p) return p->ctype;
+  return -1;
+}
+#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING && !( \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR == 15 && \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR == 0 && \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY == 0 && \
+      1)
+# error ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING mismatch
+#endif
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING "15.0.0"
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MAJOR 15
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_MINOR 0
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_TEENY 0
+#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_STRING && !( \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MAJOR == 15 && \
+      ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MINOR == 0 && \
+      1)
+# error ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_STRING mismatch
+#endif
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_STRING "15.0"
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MAJOR 15
+#define ONIG_UNICODE_EMOJI_VERSION_MINOR 0
diff --git a/enc/unicode/case-folding.rb b/enc/unicode/case-folding.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4a29fdebf7..0000000000
--- a/enc/unicode/case-folding.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/ruby
-require 'stringio'
-
-# Usage (for case folding only):
-#   $ wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CaseFolding.txt
-#   $ ruby case-folding.rb CaseFolding.txt -o casefold.h
-#  or (for case folding and case mapping):
-#   $ wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CaseFolding.txt
-#   $ wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt
-#   $ wget http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/SpecialCasing.txt
-#   $ ruby case-folding.rb -m . -o casefold.h
-# using -d or --debug will include UTF-8 characters in comments for debugging
-
-class CaseFolding
-  module Util
-    module_function
-
-    def hex_seq(v)
-      v.map { |i| "0x%04x" % i }.join(", ")
-    end
-
-    def print_table_1(dest, type, mapping_data, data)
-      for k, v in data = data.sort
-        sk = (Array === k and k.length > 1) ? "{#{hex_seq(k)}}" : ("0x%04x" % k)
-        if type=='CaseUnfold_11' and v.length>1
-          # reorder CaseUnfold_11 entries to avoid special treatment for U+03B9/U+03BC/U+A64B
-          item = mapping_data.map("%04X" % k[0])
-          upper = item.upper if item
-          v = v.sort_by { |i| ("%04X"%i) == upper ? 0 : 1 }
-        end
-        ck = @debug ? ' /* ' + Array(k).pack("U*") + ' */' : ''
-        cv = @debug ? ' /* ' + Array(v).map{|c|[c].pack("U*")}.join(", ") + ' */' : ''
-        dest.print("  {#{sk}#{ck}, {#{v.length}#{mapping_data.flags(k, type, v)}, {#{hex_seq(v)}#{cv}}}},\n")
-      end
-      data
-    end
-
-    def print_table(dest, type, mapping_data, data)
-      dest.print("static const #{type}_Type #{type}_Table[] = {\n")
-      i = 0
-      ret = data.inject([]) do |a, (n, d)|
-        dest.print("#define #{n} (*(#{type}_Type (*)[#{d.size}])(#{type}_Table+#{i}))\n")
-        i += d.size
-        a.concat(print_table_1(dest, type, mapping_data, d))
-      end
-      dest.print("};\n\n")
-      ret
-    end
-  end
-
-  include Util
-
-  attr_reader :fold, :fold_locale, :unfold, :unfold_locale, :version
-
-  def load(filename)
-    pattern = /([0-9A-F]{4,6}); ([CFT]); ([0-9A-F]{4,6})(?: ([0-9A-F]{4,6}))?(?: ([0-9A-F]{4,6}))?;/
-
-    @fold = fold = {}
-    @unfold = unfold = [{}, {}, {}]
-    @debug = false
-    @version = nil
-    turkic = []
-
-    IO.foreach(filename, mode: "rb") do |line|
-      @version ||= line[/-([0-9.]+).txt/, 1]
-      next unless res = pattern.match(line)
-      ch_from = res[1].to_i(16)
-
-      if res[2] == 'T'
-        # Turkic case folding
-        turkic << ch_from
-        next
-      end
-
-      # store folding data
-      ch_to = res[3..6].inject([]) do |a, i|
-        break a unless i
-        a << i.to_i(16)
-      end
-      fold[ch_from] = ch_to
-
-      # store unfolding data
-      i = ch_to.length - 1
-      (unfold[i][ch_to] ||= []) << ch_from
-    end
-
-    # move locale dependent data to (un)fold_locale
-    @fold_locale = fold_locale = {}
-    @unfold_locale = unfold_locale = [{}, {}]
-    for ch_from in turkic
-      key = fold[ch_from]
-      i = key.length - 1
-      unfold_locale[i][i == 0 ? key[0] : key] = unfold[i].delete(key)
-      fold_locale[ch_from] = fold.delete(ch_from)
-    end
-    self
-  end
-
-  def range_check(code)
-    "#{code} <= MAX_CODE_VALUE && #{code} >= MIN_CODE_VALUE"
-  end
-
-  def lookup_hash(key, type, data)
-    hash = "onigenc_unicode_#{key}_hash"
-    lookup = "onigenc_unicode_#{key}_lookup"
-    arity = Array(data[0][0]).size
-    gperf = %W"gperf -7 -k#{[*1..(arity*3)].join(',')} -F,-1 -c -j1 -i1 -t -T -E -C -H #{hash} -N #{lookup} -n"
-    argname = arity > 1 ? "codes" : "code"
-    argdecl = "const OnigCodePoint #{arity > 1 ? "*": ""}#{argname}"
-    n = 7
-    m = (1 << n) - 1
-    min, max = data.map {|c, *|c}.flatten.minmax
-    src = IO.popen(gperf, "r+") {|f|
-      f << "short\n%%\n"
-      data.each_with_index {|(k, _), i|
-        k = Array(k)
-        ks = k.map {|j| [(j >> n*2) & m, (j >> n) & m, (j) & m]}.flatten.map {|c| "\\x%.2x" % c}.join("")
-        f.printf "\"%s\", ::::/*%s*/ %d\n", ks, k.map {|c| "0x%.4x" % c}.join(","), i
-      }
-      f << "%%\n"
-      f.close_write
-      f.read
-    }
-    src.sub!(/^(#{hash})\s*\(.*?\).*?\n\{\n(.*)^\}/m) {
-      name = $1
-      body = $2
-      body.gsub!(/\(unsigned char\)str\[(\d+)\]/, "bits_#{arity > 1 ? 'at' : 'of'}(#{argname}, \\1)")
-      "#{name}(#{argdecl})\n{\n#{body}}"
-    }
-    src.sub!(/const short *\*\n^(#{lookup})\s*\(.*?\).*?\n\{\n(.*)^\}/m) {
-      name = $1
-      body = $2
-      body.sub!(/\benum\s+\{(\n[ \t]+)/, "\\&MIN_CODE_VALUE = 0x#{min.to_s(16)},\\1""MAX_CODE_VALUE = 0x#{max.to_s(16)},\\1")
-      body.gsub!(/(#{hash})\s*\(.*?\)/, "\\1(#{argname})")
-      body.gsub!(/\{"",-1}/, "-1")
-      body.gsub!(/\{"(?:[^"]|\\")+", *::::(.*)\}/, '\1')
-      body.sub!(/(\s+if\s)\(len\b.*\)/) do
-        "#$1(" <<
-          (arity > 1 ? (0...arity).map {|i| range_check("#{argname}[#{i}]")}.join(" &&\n      ") : range_check(argname)) <<
-          ")"
-      end
-      v = nil
-      body.sub!(/(if\s*\(.*MAX_HASH_VALUE.*\)\n([ \t]*))\{(.*?)\n\2\}/m) {
-        pre = $1
-        indent = $2
-        s = $3
-        s.sub!(/const char *\* *(\w+)( *= *wordlist\[\w+\]).\w+/, 'short \1 = wordlist[key]')
-        v = $1
-        s.sub!(/\bif *\(.*\)/, "if (#{v} >= 0 && code#{arity}_equal(#{argname}, #{key}_Table[#{v}].from))")
-        "#{pre}{#{s}\n#{indent}}"
-      }
-      body.sub!(/\b(return\s+&)([^;]+);/, '\1'"#{key}_Table[#{v}].to;")
-      "static const #{type} *\n#{name}(#{argdecl})\n{\n#{body}}"
-    }
-    src
-  end
-
-  def display(dest, mapping_data)
-    # print the header
-    dest.print("/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. */\n")
-    dest.print("/* Generated by enc/unicode/case-folding.rb */\n\n")
-
-    versions = version.scan(/\d+/)
-    dest.print("#if defined ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING && !( \\\n")
-    %w[MAJOR MINOR TEENY].zip(versions) do |n, v|
-      dest.print("      ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_#{n} == #{v} && \\\n")
-    end
-    dest.print("      1)\n")
-    dest.print("# error ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING mismatch\n")
-    dest.print("#endif\n")
-    dest.print("#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_STRING #{version.dump}\n")
-    %w[MAJOR MINOR TEENY].zip(versions) do |n, v|
-      dest.print("#define ONIG_UNICODE_VERSION_#{n} #{v}\n")
-    end
-    dest.print("\n")
-
-    # print folding data
-
-    # CaseFold + CaseFold_Locale
-    name = "CaseFold_11"
-    data = print_table(dest, name, mapping_data, "CaseFold"=>fold, "CaseFold_Locale"=>fold_locale)
-    dest.print lookup_hash(name, "CodePointList3", data)
-
-    # print unfolding data
-
-    # CaseUnfold_11 + CaseUnfold_11_Locale
-    name = "CaseUnfold_11"
-    data = print_table(dest, name, mapping_data, name=>unfold[0], "#{name}_Locale"=>unfold_locale[0])
-    dest.print lookup_hash(name, "CodePointList3", data)
-
-    # CaseUnfold_12 + CaseUnfold_12_Locale
-    name = "CaseUnfold_12"
-    data = print_table(dest, name, mapping_data, name=>unfold[1], "#{name}_Locale"=>unfold_locale[1])
-    dest.print lookup_hash(name, "CodePointList2", data)
-
-    # CaseUnfold_13
-    name = "CaseUnfold_13"
-    data = print_table(dest, name, mapping_data, name=>unfold[2])
-    dest.print lookup_hash(name, "CodePointList2", data)
-
-    # TitleCase
-    dest.print mapping_data.specials_output
-  end
-
-  def debug!
-    @debug = true
-  end
-
-  def self.load(*args)
-    new.load(*args)
-  end
-end
-
-class MapItem
-  attr_accessor :upper, :lower, :title, :code
-
-  def initialize(code, upper, lower, title)
-    @code = code
-    @upper = upper unless upper == ''
-    @lower = lower unless lower == ''
-    @title = title unless title == ''
-  end
-end
-
-class CaseMapping
-  attr_reader :filename, :version
-
-  def initialize(mapping_directory)
-    @mappings = {}
-    @specials = []
-    @specials_length = 0
-    @version = nil
-    IO.foreach(File.join(mapping_directory, 'UnicodeData.txt'), mode: "rb") do |line|
-      next if line =~ /^</
-      code, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, upper, lower, title = line.chomp.split ';'
-      unless upper and lower and title and (upper+lower+title)==''
-        @mappings[code] = MapItem.new(code, upper, lower, title)
-      end
-    end
-
-    @filename = File.join(mapping_directory, 'SpecialCasing.txt')
-    IO.foreach(@filename, mode: "rb") do |line|
-      @version ||= line[/-([0-9.]+).txt/, 1]
-      line.chomp!
-      line, comment = line.split(/ *#/)
-      next if not line or line == ''
-      code, lower, title, upper, conditions = line.split(/ *; */)
-      unless conditions
-        item = @mappings[code]
-        item.lower = lower
-        item.title = title
-        item.upper = upper
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  def map (from)
-    @mappings[from]
-  end
-
-  def flags(from, type, to)
-    # types: CaseFold_11, CaseUnfold_11, CaseUnfold_12, CaseUnfold_13
-    flags = ""
-    from = Array(from).map {|i| "%04X" % i}.join(" ")
-    to   = Array(to).map {|i| "%04X" % i}.join(" ")
-    item = map(from)
-    specials = []
-    case type
-    when 'CaseFold_11'
-      flags += '|F'
-      if item
-        flags += '|U'  if to==item.upper
-        flags += '|D'  if to==item.lower
-        unless item.upper == item.title
-          if item.code == item.title
-            flags += '|IT'
-            swap = case item.code
-            when '01C5' then '0064 017D'
-            when '01C8' then '006C 004A'
-            when '01CB' then '006E 004A'
-            when '01F2' then '0064 005A'
-            else # Greek
-              to.split(' ').first + ' 0399'
-            end
-            specials << swap
-          else
-            flags += '|ST'
-            specials << item.title
-          end
-        end
-        unless item.lower.nil? or item.lower==from or item.lower==to
-          specials << item.lower
-          flags += '|SL'
-        end
-        unless item.upper.nil? or item.upper==from or item.upper==to
-          specials << item.upper
-          flags += '|SU'
-        end
-      end
-    when 'CaseUnfold_11'
-      to = to.split(/ /)
-      if item
-        case to.first
-        when item.upper  then  flags += '|U'
-        when item.lower  then  flags += '|D'
-        else
-          raise "Unpredicted case 0 in enc/unicode/case_folding.rb. Please contact https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/."
-        end
-        unless item.upper == item.title
-          if item.code == item.title
-            flags += '|IT'   # was unpredicted case 1
-          elsif item.title==to[1]
-            flags += '|ST'
-          else
-            raise "Unpredicted case 2 in enc/unicode/case_folding.rb. Please contact https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/."
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-    unless specials.empty?
-      flags += "|I(#{@specials_length})"
-      @specials_length += specials.map { |s| s.split(/ /).length }.reduce(:+)
-      @specials << specials
-    end
-    flags
-  end
-
-  def debug!
-    @debug = true
-  end
-
-  def specials_output
-    "static const OnigCodePoint CaseMappingSpecials[] = {\n" +
-    @specials.map do |sps|
-      '   ' + sps.map do |sp|
-        chars = sp.split(/ /)
-        ct = ' /* ' + Array(chars).map{|c|[c.to_i(16)].pack("U*")}.join(", ") + ' */' if @debug
-        " L(#{chars.length})|#{chars.map {|c| "0x"+c }.join(', ')}#{ct},"
-      end.join + "\n"
-    end.join + "};\n"
-  end
-
-  def self.load(*args)
-    new(*args)
-  end
-end
-
-class CaseMappingDummy
-  def flags(from, type, to)
-    ""
-  end
-
-  def titlecase_output()  ''  end
-  def debug!()  end
-end
-
-if $0 == __FILE__
-  require 'optparse'
-  dest = nil
-  mapping_directory = nil
-  mapping_data = nil
-  debug = false
-  fold_1 = false
-  ARGV.options do |opt|
-    opt.banner << " [INPUT]"
-    opt.on("--output-file=FILE", "-o", "output to the FILE instead of STDOUT") {|output|
-      dest = (output unless output == '-')
-    }
-    opt.on('--mapping-data-directory=DIRECTORY', '-m', 'data DIRECTORY of mapping files') { |directory|
-      mapping_directory = directory
-    }
-    opt.on('--debug', '-d') {
-      debug = true
-    }
-    opt.parse!
-    abort(opt.to_s) if ARGV.size > 1
-  end
-  if mapping_directory
-    if ARGV[0]
-      warn "Either specify directory or individual file, but not both."
-      exit
-    end
-    filename = File.join(mapping_directory, 'CaseFolding.txt')
-    mapping_data = CaseMapping.load(mapping_directory)
-  end
-  filename ||= ARGV[0] || 'CaseFolding.txt'
-  data = CaseFolding.load(filename)
-  if mapping_data and data.version != mapping_data.version
-    abort "Unicode data version mismatch\n" \
-          "  #{filename} = #{data.version}\n" \
-          "  #{mapping_data.filename} = #{mapping_data.version}"
-  end
-  mapping_data ||= CaseMappingDummy.new
-
-  if debug
-    data.debug!
-    mapping_data.debug!
-  end
-  f = StringIO.new
-  begin
-    data.display(f, mapping_data)
-  rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
-    raise unless /gperf/ =~ e.message
-    warn e.message
-    abort unless dest
-    File.utime(nil, nil, dest) # assume existing file is OK
-    exit
-  else
-    s = f.string
-  end
-  if dest
-    open(dest, "wb") do |file|
-      file.print(s)
-    end
-  else
-    STDOUT.print(s)
-  end
-end
diff --git a/enc/utf_16_32.h b/enc/utf_16_32.h
index 9f9216d8ff..4d669019bf 100644
--- a/enc/utf_16_32.h
+++ b/enc/utf_16_32.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "regenc.h"
 /* dummy for unsupported, stateful encoding */
-#define ENC_DUMMY_UNICODE(name) ENC_REPLICATE(name, name "BE")
+#define ENC_DUMMY_UNICODE(name) ENC_DUMMY(name)
 ENC_DUMMY_UNICODE("UTF-16");
 ENC_DUMMY_UNICODE("UTF-32");
diff --git a/encoding.c b/encoding.c
index b8fedfb797..a0be931c97 100644
--- a/encoding.c
+++ b/encoding.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/enc.h"
 #include "internal/encoding.h"
+#include "internal/error.h"
 #include "internal/inits.h"
 #include "internal/load.h"
 #include "internal/object.h"
@@ -49,16 +50,14 @@ void rb_encdb_declare(const char *name);
 int rb_encdb_replicate(const char *name, const char *orig);
 int rb_encdb_dummy(const char *name);
 int rb_encdb_alias(const char *alias, const char *orig);
-void rb_encdb_set_unicode(int index);
 #pragma GCC visibility pop
 #endif
 
 static ID id_encoding;
 VALUE rb_cEncoding;
 
-#define DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA 128
-static VALUE rb_default_encoding_list;
-static VALUE rb_additional_encoding_list;
+#define ENCODING_LIST_CAPA 256
+static VALUE rb_encoding_list;
 
 struct rb_encoding_entry {
     const char *name;
@@ -67,12 +66,29 @@ struct rb_encoding_entry {
 };
 
 static struct enc_table {
-    struct rb_encoding_entry *list;
+    struct rb_encoding_entry list[ENCODING_LIST_CAPA];
     int count;
-    int size;
     st_table *names;
 } global_enc_table;
 
+static int
+enc_names_free_i(st_data_t name, st_data_t idx, st_data_t args)
+{
+    ruby_xfree((void *)name);
+    return ST_DELETE;
+}
+
+void
+rb_free_global_enc_table(void)
+{
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ENCODING_LIST_CAPA; i++) {
+        xfree((void *)global_enc_table.list[i].enc);
+    }
+
+    st_foreach(global_enc_table.names, enc_names_free_i, (st_data_t)0);
+    st_free_table(global_enc_table.names);
+}
+
 static rb_encoding *global_enc_ascii,
                    *global_enc_utf_8,
                    *global_enc_us_ascii;
@@ -104,7 +120,7 @@ static rb_encoding *global_enc_ascii,
 static const rb_data_type_t encoding_data_type = {
     "encoding",
     {0, 0, 0,},
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED
 };
 
 #define is_data_encoding(obj) (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) && RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj) == &encoding_data_type)
@@ -128,47 +144,25 @@ enc_new(rb_encoding *encoding)
 static void
 enc_list_update(int index, rb_raw_encoding *encoding)
 {
-    if (index < DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA) {
-        VALUE list = rb_default_encoding_list;
-        if (list && NIL_P(rb_ary_entry(list, index))) {
-            /* initialize encoding data */
-            rb_ary_store(list, index, enc_new(encoding));
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER();
-        {
-            VALUE list = rb_additional_encoding_list;
-            if (list && NIL_P(rb_ary_entry(list, index))) {
-                /* initialize encoding data */
-                rb_ary_store(list, index - DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA, enc_new(encoding));
-            }
-        }
-        RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE();
+    RUBY_ASSERT(index < ENCODING_LIST_CAPA);
+
+    VALUE list = rb_encoding_list;
+    if (list && NIL_P(rb_ary_entry(list, index))) {
+        /* initialize encoding data */
+        rb_ary_store(list, index, enc_new(encoding));
     }
 }
 
 static VALUE
 enc_list_lookup(int idx)
 {
-    VALUE list, enc;
+    VALUE list, enc = Qnil;
 
-    if (idx < DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA) {
-        if (!(list = rb_default_encoding_list)) {
-            rb_bug("rb_enc_from_encoding_index(%d): no rb_default_encoding_list", idx);
-        }
+    if (idx < ENCODING_LIST_CAPA) {
+        list = rb_encoding_list;
+        RUBY_ASSERT(list);
         enc = rb_ary_entry(list, idx);
     }
-    else {
-        RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER();
-        {
-            if (!(list = rb_additional_encoding_list)) {
-                rb_bug("rb_enc_from_encoding_index(%d): no rb_additional_encoding_list", idx);
-            }
-            enc = rb_ary_entry(list, idx - DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA);
-        }
-        RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE();
-    }
 
     if (NIL_P(enc)) {
         rb_bug("rb_enc_from_encoding_index(%d): not created yet", idx);
@@ -345,16 +339,10 @@ rb_find_encoding(VALUE enc)
 static int
 enc_table_expand(struct enc_table *enc_table, int newsize)
 {
-    struct rb_encoding_entry *ent;
-    int count = newsize;
-
-    if (enc_table->size >= newsize) return newsize;
-    newsize = (newsize + 7) / 8 * 8;
-    ent = REALLOC_N(enc_table->list, struct rb_encoding_entry, newsize);
-    memset(ent + enc_table->size, 0, sizeof(*ent)*(newsize - enc_table->size));
-    enc_table->list = ent;
-    enc_table->size = newsize;
-    return count;
+    if (newsize > ENCODING_LIST_CAPA) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eEncodingError, "too many encoding (> %d)", ENCODING_LIST_CAPA);
+    }
+    return newsize;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -413,17 +401,7 @@ enc_from_index(struct enc_table *enc_table, int index)
 rb_encoding *
 rb_enc_from_index(int index)
 {
-    rb_encoding *enc;
-
-    switch (index) {
-      case ENCINDEX_ASCII_8BIT:    return global_enc_ascii;
-      case ENCINDEX_UTF_8:    return global_enc_utf_8;
-      case ENCINDEX_US_ASCII: return global_enc_us_ascii;
-      default:
-        GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table,
-                              enc = enc_from_index(enc_table, index));
-        return enc;
-    }
+    return enc_from_index(&global_enc_table, index);
 }
 
 int
@@ -462,7 +440,7 @@ enc_registered(struct enc_table *enc_table, const char *name)
     st_data_t idx = 0;
 
     if (!name) return -1;
-    if (!enc_table->list) return -1;
+    if (!enc_table->names) return -1;
     if (st_lookup(enc_table->names, (st_data_t)name, &idx)) {
         return (int)idx;
     }
@@ -484,11 +462,14 @@ rb_encdb_declare(const char *name)
 }
 
 static void
-enc_check_duplication(struct enc_table *enc_table, const char *name)
+enc_check_addable(struct enc_table *enc_table, const char *name)
 {
     if (enc_registered(enc_table, name) >= 0) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "encoding %s is already registered", name);
     }
+    else if (!valid_encoding_name_p(name)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid encoding name: %s", name);
+    }
 }
 
 static rb_encoding*
@@ -524,11 +505,7 @@ rb_enc_set_base(const char *name, const char *orig)
 int
 rb_enc_set_dummy(int index)
 {
-    rb_encoding *enc;
-
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table,
-                          enc = enc_table->list[index].enc);
-
+    rb_encoding *enc = global_enc_table.list[index].enc;
     ENC_SET_DUMMY((rb_raw_encoding *)enc);
     return index;
 }
@@ -538,7 +515,7 @@ enc_replicate(struct enc_table *enc_table, const char *name, rb_encoding *encodi
 {
     int idx;
 
-    enc_check_duplication(enc_table, name);
+    enc_check_addable(enc_table, name);
     idx = enc_register(enc_table, name, encoding);
     if (idx < 0) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid encoding name: %s", name);
     set_base_encoding(enc_table, idx, encoding);
@@ -546,34 +523,6 @@ enc_replicate(struct enc_table *enc_table, const char *name, rb_encoding *encodi
     return idx;
 }
 
-int
-rb_enc_replicate(const char *name, rb_encoding *encoding)
-{
-    int r;
-
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table,
-                          r = enc_replicate(enc_table, name, encoding));
-
-    return r;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   enc.replicate(name) -> encoding
- *
- * Returns a replicated encoding of _enc_ whose name is _name_.
- * The new encoding should have the same byte structure of _enc_.
- * If _name_ is used by another encoding, raise ArgumentError.
- *
- */
-static VALUE
-enc_replicate_m(VALUE encoding, VALUE name)
-{
-    int idx = rb_enc_replicate(name_for_encoding(&name), rb_to_encoding(encoding));
-    RB_GC_GUARD(name);
-    return rb_enc_from_encoding_index(idx);
-}
-
 static int
 enc_replicate_with_index(struct enc_table *enc_table, const char *name, rb_encoding *origenc, int idx)
 {
@@ -724,7 +673,7 @@ rb_enc_alias(const char *alias, const char *orig)
 
     GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_ENTER(enc_table);
     {
-        enc_check_duplication(enc_table, alias);
+        enc_check_addable(enc_table, alias);
         if ((idx = rb_enc_find_index(orig)) < 0) {
             r =  -1;
         }
@@ -756,20 +705,12 @@ rb_encdb_alias(const char *alias, const char *orig)
     return r;
 }
 
-void
-rb_encdb_set_unicode(int index)
-{
-    rb_raw_encoding *enc = (rb_raw_encoding *)rb_enc_from_index(index);
-    ASSUME(enc);
-    enc->flags |= ONIGENC_FLAG_UNICODE;
-}
-
 static void
 rb_enc_init(struct enc_table *enc_table)
 {
     enc_table_expand(enc_table, ENCODING_COUNT + 1);
     if (!enc_table->names) {
-        enc_table->names = st_init_strcasetable();
+        enc_table->names = st_init_strcasetable_with_size(ENCODING_LIST_CAPA);
     }
 #define OnigEncodingASCII_8BIT OnigEncodingASCII
 #define ENC_REGISTER(enc) enc_register_at(enc_table, ENCINDEX_##enc, rb_enc_name(&OnigEncoding##enc), &OnigEncoding##enc)
@@ -882,11 +823,9 @@ rb_enc_autoload(rb_encoding *enc)
 int
 rb_enc_find_index(const char *name)
 {
-    int i;
+    int i = enc_registered(&global_enc_table, name);
     rb_encoding *enc;
 
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table, i = enc_registered(enc_table, name));
-
     if (i < 0) {
         i = load_encoding(name);
     }
@@ -1373,10 +1312,7 @@ enc_names(VALUE self)
 
     args[0] = (VALUE)rb_to_encoding_index(self);
     args[1] = rb_ary_new2(0);
-
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table,
-                          st_foreach(enc_table->names, enc_names_i, (st_data_t)args));
-
+    st_foreach(global_enc_table.names, enc_names_i, (st_data_t)args);
     return args[1];
 }
 
@@ -1402,14 +1338,7 @@ static VALUE
 enc_list(VALUE klass)
 {
     VALUE ary = rb_ary_new2(0);
-
-    RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER();
-    {
-        rb_ary_replace(ary, rb_default_encoding_list);
-        rb_ary_concat(ary, rb_additional_encoding_list);
-    }
-    RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE();
-
+    rb_ary_replace(ary, rb_encoding_list);
     return ary;
 }
 
@@ -1558,15 +1487,17 @@ rb_locale_encindex(void)
 
     if (idx < 0) idx = ENCINDEX_UTF_8;
 
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_ENTER(enc_table);
-    if (enc_registered(enc_table, "locale") < 0) {
+    if (enc_registered(&global_enc_table, "locale") < 0) {
 # if defined _WIN32
         void Init_w32_codepage(void);
         Init_w32_codepage();
 # endif
-        enc_alias_internal(enc_table, "locale", idx);
+        GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_ENTER(enc_table);
+        {
+            enc_alias_internal(enc_table, "locale", idx);
+        }
+        GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_LEAVE();
     }
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_LEAVE();
 
     return idx;
 }
@@ -1580,13 +1511,8 @@ rb_locale_encoding(void)
 int
 rb_filesystem_encindex(void)
 {
-    int idx;
-
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table,
-                          idx = enc_registered(enc_table, "filesystem"));
-
-    if (idx < 0)
-        idx = ENCINDEX_ASCII_8BIT;
+    int idx = enc_registered(&global_enc_table, "filesystem");
+    if (idx < 0) idx = ENCINDEX_ASCII_8BIT;
     return idx;
 }
 
@@ -1617,7 +1543,14 @@ enc_set_default_encoding(struct default_encoding *def, VALUE encoding, const cha
         if (NIL_P(encoding)) {
             def->index = -1;
             def->enc = 0;
-            st_insert(enc_table->names, (st_data_t)strdup(name),
+            char *name_dup = strdup(name);
+
+            st_data_t existing_name = (st_data_t)name_dup;
+            if (st_delete(enc_table->names, &existing_name, NULL)) {
+                xfree((void *)existing_name);
+            }
+
+            st_insert(enc_table->names, (st_data_t)name_dup,
                       (st_data_t)UNSPECIFIED_ENCODING);
         }
         else {
@@ -1877,15 +1810,8 @@ rb_enc_name_list_i(st_data_t name, st_data_t idx, st_data_t arg)
 static VALUE
 rb_enc_name_list(VALUE klass)
 {
-    VALUE ary;
-
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_ENTER(enc_table);
-    {
-        ary = rb_ary_new2(enc_table->names->num_entries);
-        st_foreach(enc_table->names, rb_enc_name_list_i, (st_data_t)ary);
-    }
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_LEAVE();
-
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new2(global_enc_table.names->num_entries);
+    st_foreach(global_enc_table.names, rb_enc_name_list_i, (st_data_t)ary);
     return ary;
 }
 
@@ -1931,8 +1857,7 @@ rb_enc_aliases(VALUE klass)
     aliases[0] = rb_hash_new();
     aliases[1] = rb_ary_new();
 
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table,
-                          st_foreach(enc_table->names, rb_enc_aliases_enc_i, (st_data_t)aliases));
+    st_foreach(global_enc_table.names, rb_enc_aliases_enc_i, (st_data_t)aliases);
 
     return aliases[0];
 }
@@ -1983,7 +1908,6 @@ Init_Encoding(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cEncoding, "names", enc_names, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cEncoding, "dummy?", enc_dummy_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cEncoding, "ascii_compatible?", enc_ascii_compatible_p, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cEncoding, "replicate", enc_replicate_m, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cEncoding, "list", enc_list, 0);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cEncoding, "name_list", rb_enc_name_list, 0);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cEncoding, "aliases", rb_enc_aliases, 0);
@@ -2001,13 +1925,7 @@ Init_Encoding(void)
 
     struct enc_table *enc_table = &global_enc_table;
 
-    if (DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA < enc_table->count) rb_bug("DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA is too small");
-
-    list = rb_additional_encoding_list = rb_ary_new();
-    RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(list);
-    rb_gc_register_mark_object(list);
-
-    list = rb_default_encoding_list = rb_ary_new2(DEFAULT_ENCODING_LIST_CAPA);
+    list = rb_encoding_list = rb_ary_new2(ENCODING_LIST_CAPA);
     RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(list);
     rb_gc_register_mark_object(list);
 
@@ -2029,5 +1947,5 @@ Init_encodings(void)
 void
 rb_enc_foreach_name(int (*func)(st_data_t name, st_data_t idx, st_data_t arg), st_data_t arg)
 {
-    GLOBAL_ENC_TABLE_EVAL(enc_table, st_foreach(enc_table->names, func, arg));
+    st_foreach(global_enc_table.names, func, arg);
 }
diff --git a/enum.c b/enum.c
index 97215b627e..7f15836ba8 100644
--- a/enum.c
+++ b/enum.c
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ find_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, memop))
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.find {|key, value| key.start_with?('b') }            # => [:bar, 1]
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.find(proc {[]}) {|key, value| key.start_with?('c') } # => []
  *
- * With no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * With no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ find_index_iter_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, memop))
  *   ['a', 'b', 'c', 'b'].find_index {|element| element.start_with?('b') } # => 1
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.find_index {|key, value| value > 1 }         # => 2
  *
- * With no argument and no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * With no argument and no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  */
 
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ enum_size_over_p(VALUE obj, long n)
  *   a = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.select {|key, value| key.start_with?('b') }
  *   a # => {:bar=>1, :baz=>2}
  *
- * With no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * With no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  * Related: #reject.
  */
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ filter_map_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, ary))
  *   (0..9).filter_map {|i| i * 2 if i.even? }                              # => [0, 4, 8, 12, 16]
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.filter_map {|key, value| key if value.even? } # => [:foo, :baz]
  *
- * When no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * When no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ reject_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, ary))
  *   (0..9).reject {|i| i * 2 if i.even? }                             # => [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.reject {|key, value| key if value.odd? } # => {:foo=>0, :baz=>2}
  *
- * When no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * When no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  * Related: #select.
  */
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ collect_all(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, ary))
  *   (0..4).map {|i| i*i }                               # => [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.map {|key, value| value*2} # => [0, 2, 4]
  *
- * With no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * With no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ flat_map_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, ary))
  *   [[0, 1], [2, 3]].flat_map {|e| e + [100] }                     # => [0, 1, 100, 2, 3, 100]
  *   {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.flat_map {|key, value| [key, value] } # => [:foo, 0, :bar, 1, :baz, 2]
  *
- * With no block given, returns an \Enumerator.
+ * With no block given, returns an Enumerator.
  *
  * Alias: #collect_concat.
  */
@@ -700,13 +700,12 @@ enum_flat_map(VALUE obj)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    to_a -> array
+ *    to_a(*args) -> array
  *
  *  Returns an array containing the items in +self+:
  *
  *    (0..4).to_a # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
  *
- *  Enumerable#entries is an alias for Enumerable#to_a.
  */
 static VALUE
 enum_to_a(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
@@ -746,8 +745,8 @@ enum_to_h_ii(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, hash))
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    to_h -> hash
- *    to_h {|element| ... }  -> hash
+ *    to_h(*args) -> hash
+ *    to_h(*args) {|element| ... }  -> hash
  *
  *  When +self+ consists of 2-element arrays,
  *  returns a hash each of whose entries is the key-value pair
@@ -779,7 +778,7 @@ inject_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, p))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->v1 == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->v1)) {
         MEMO_V1_SET(memo, i);
     }
     else {
@@ -796,7 +795,7 @@ inject_op_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, p))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->v1 == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->v1)) {
         MEMO_V1_SET(memo, i);
     }
     else if (SYMBOL_P(name = memo->u3.value)) {
@@ -820,9 +819,9 @@ ary_inject_op(VALUE ary, VALUE init, VALUE op)
     long i, n;
 
     if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 0)
-        return init == Qundef ? Qnil : init;
+        return UNDEF_P(init) ? Qnil : init;
 
-    if (init == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(init)) {
         v = RARRAY_AREF(ary, 0);
         i = 1;
         if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) == 1)
@@ -1000,7 +999,6 @@ ary_inject_op(VALUE ary, VALUE init, VALUE op)
  *    "Memo: 3; element: 3"
  *    "Memo: 6; element: 4"
  *
- *  Enumerable#reduce is an alias for Enumerable#inject.
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -1051,7 +1049,7 @@ enum_inject(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 
     memo = MEMO_NEW(init, Qnil, op);
     rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, iter, (VALUE)memo);
-    if (memo->v1 == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->v1)) return Qnil;
     return memo->v1;
 }
 
@@ -1336,10 +1334,12 @@ enum_sort(VALUE obj)
 }
 
 #define SORT_BY_BUFSIZE 16
+#define SORT_BY_UNIFORMED(num, flo, fix) (((num&1)<<2)|((flo&1)<<1)|fix)
 struct sort_by_data {
     const VALUE ary;
     const VALUE buf;
-    long n;
+    uint8_t n;
+    uint8_t primitive_uniformed;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1360,6 +1360,11 @@ sort_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _data))
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "sort_by reentered");
     }
 
+    if (data->primitive_uniformed) {
+        data->primitive_uniformed &= SORT_BY_UNIFORMED((FIXNUM_P(v)) || (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(v)),
+                                                        RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(v),
+                                                        FIXNUM_P(v));
+    }
     RARRAY_ASET(data->buf, data->n*2, v);
     RARRAY_ASET(data->buf, data->n*2+1, i);
     data->n++;
@@ -1373,7 +1378,6 @@ sort_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _data))
 static int
 sort_by_cmp(const void *ap, const void *bp, void *data)
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     VALUE a;
     VALUE b;
     VALUE ary = (VALUE)data;
@@ -1385,9 +1389,182 @@ sort_by_cmp(const void *ap, const void *bp, void *data)
     a = *(VALUE *)ap;
     b = *(VALUE *)bp;
 
-    return OPTIMIZED_CMP(a, b, cmp_opt);
+    return OPTIMIZED_CMP(a, b);
+}
+
+
+/*
+    This is parts of uniform sort
+*/
+
+#define uless rb_uniform_is_less
+#define UNIFORM_SWAP(a,b)\
+    do{struct rb_uniform_sort_data tmp = a; a = b; b = tmp;}  while(0)
+
+struct rb_uniform_sort_data {
+    VALUE v;
+    VALUE i;
+};
+
+static inline bool
+rb_uniform_is_less(VALUE a, VALUE b)
+{
+
+    if (FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b)) {
+        return (SIGNED_VALUE)a < (SIGNED_VALUE)b;
+    }
+    else if (FIXNUM_P(a)) {
+        RUBY_ASSERT(RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(b));
+        return rb_float_cmp(b, a) > 0;
+    }
+    else {
+        RUBY_ASSERT(RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a));
+        return rb_float_cmp(a, b) < 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static inline bool
+rb_uniform_is_larger(VALUE a, VALUE b)
+{
+
+    if (FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b)) {
+        return (SIGNED_VALUE)a > (SIGNED_VALUE)b;
+    }
+    else if (FIXNUM_P(a)) {
+        RUBY_ASSERT(RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(b));
+        return rb_float_cmp(b, a) < 0;
+    }
+    else {
+        RUBY_ASSERT(RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a));
+        return rb_float_cmp(a, b) > 0;
+    }
+}
+
+#define med3_val(a,b,c) (uless(a,b)?(uless(b,c)?b:uless(c,a)?a:c):(uless(c,b)?b:uless(a,c)?a:c))
+
+static void
+rb_uniform_insertionsort_2(struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_begin,
+                           struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_end)
+{
+    if ((ptr_end - ptr_begin) < 2) return;
+    struct rb_uniform_sort_data tmp, *j, *k,
+                                *index = ptr_begin+1;
+    for (; index < ptr_end; index++) {
+        tmp = *index;
+        j = k = index;
+        if (uless(tmp.v, ptr_begin->v)) {
+            while (ptr_begin < j) {
+                *j = *(--k);
+                j = k;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            while (uless(tmp.v, (--k)->v)) {
+                *j = *k;
+                j = k;
+            }
+        }
+        *j = tmp;
+    }
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_uniform_heap_down_2(struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_begin,
+                       size_t offset, size_t len)
+{
+    size_t c;
+    struct rb_uniform_sort_data tmp = ptr_begin[offset];
+    while ((c = (offset<<1)+1) <= len) {
+        if (c < len && uless(ptr_begin[c].v, ptr_begin[c+1].v)) {
+            c++;
+        }
+        if (!uless(tmp.v, ptr_begin[c].v)) break;
+        ptr_begin[offset] = ptr_begin[c];
+        offset = c;
+    }
+    ptr_begin[offset] = tmp;
+}
+
+static void
+rb_uniform_heapsort_2(struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_begin,
+                      struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_end)
+{
+    size_t n = ptr_end - ptr_begin;
+    if (n < 2) return;
+
+    for (size_t offset = n>>1; offset > 0;) {
+        rb_uniform_heap_down_2(ptr_begin, --offset, n-1);
+    }
+    for (size_t offset = n-1; offset > 0;) {
+        UNIFORM_SWAP(*ptr_begin, ptr_begin[offset]);
+        rb_uniform_heap_down_2(ptr_begin, 0, --offset);
+    }
 }
 
+
+static void
+rb_uniform_quicksort_intro_2(struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_begin,
+                             struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_end, size_t d)
+{
+
+    if (ptr_end - ptr_begin <= 16) {
+        rb_uniform_insertionsort_2(ptr_begin, ptr_end);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (d == 0) {
+        rb_uniform_heapsort_2(ptr_begin, ptr_end);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    VALUE x = med3_val(ptr_begin->v,
+                       ptr_begin[(ptr_end - ptr_begin)>>1].v,
+                       ptr_end[-1].v);
+    struct rb_uniform_sort_data *i = ptr_begin;
+    struct rb_uniform_sort_data *j = ptr_end-1;
+
+    do {
+        while (uless(i->v, x)) i++;
+        while (uless(x, j->v)) j--;
+        if (i <= j) {
+            UNIFORM_SWAP(*i, *j);
+            i++;
+            j--;
+        }
+    } while (i <= j);
+    j++;
+    if (ptr_end - j > 1)   rb_uniform_quicksort_intro_2(j, ptr_end, d-1);
+    if (i - ptr_begin > 1) rb_uniform_quicksort_intro_2(ptr_begin, i, d-1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Direct primitive data compare sort. Implement with intro sort.
+ * @param[in]     ptr_begin  The begin address of target rb_ary's raw pointer.
+ * @param[in]     ptr_end    The end address of target rb_ary's raw pointer.
+**/
+static void
+rb_uniform_intro_sort_2(struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_begin,
+                        struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr_end)
+{
+    size_t n = ptr_end - ptr_begin;
+    size_t d = CHAR_BIT * sizeof(n) - nlz_intptr(n) - 1;
+    bool sorted_flag = true;
+
+    for (struct rb_uniform_sort_data* ptr = ptr_begin+1; ptr < ptr_end; ptr++) {
+        if (rb_uniform_is_larger((ptr-1)->v, (ptr)->v)) {
+            sorted_flag = false;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (sorted_flag) {
+        return;
+    }
+    rb_uniform_quicksort_intro_2(ptr_begin, ptr_end, d<<1);
+}
+
+#undef uless
+
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    sort_by {|element| ... } -> array
@@ -1494,6 +1671,9 @@ enum_sort_by(VALUE obj)
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(memo, &data->ary, ary);
     RB_OBJ_WRITE(memo, &data->buf, buf);
     data->n = 0;
+    data->primitive_uniformed = SORT_BY_UNIFORMED((CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)),
+                                                  CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT),
+                                                  CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER));
     rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, sort_by_i, (VALUE)memo);
     ary = data->ary;
     buf = data->buf;
@@ -1502,9 +1682,16 @@ enum_sort_by(VALUE obj)
         rb_ary_concat(ary, buf);
     }
     if (RARRAY_LEN(ary) > 2) {
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr,
-                       ruby_qsort(ptr, RARRAY_LEN(ary)/2, 2*sizeof(VALUE),
-                                  sort_by_cmp, (void *)ary));
+        if (data->primitive_uniformed) {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr,
+                           rb_uniform_intro_sort_2((struct rb_uniform_sort_data*)ptr,
+                                                   (struct rb_uniform_sort_data*)(ptr + RARRAY_LEN(ary))));
+        }
+        else {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr,
+                           ruby_qsort(ptr, RARRAY_LEN(ary)/2, 2*sizeof(VALUE),
+                                      sort_by_cmp, (void *)ary));
+        }
     }
     if (RBASIC(ary)->klass) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "sort_by reentered");
@@ -1570,6 +1757,9 @@ DEFINE_ENUMFUNCS(all)
  *
  *  Returns whether every element meets a given criterion.
  *
+ *  If +self+ has no element, returns +true+ and argument or block
+ *  are not used.
+ *
  *  With no argument and no block,
  *  returns whether every element is truthy:
  *
@@ -1631,6 +1821,9 @@ DEFINE_ENUMFUNCS(any)
  *
  *  Returns whether any element meets a given criterion.
  *
+ *  If +self+ has no element, returns +false+ and argument or block
+ *  are not used.
+ *
  *  With no argument and no block,
  *  returns whether any element is truthy:
  *
@@ -1661,7 +1854,6 @@ DEFINE_ENUMFUNCS(any)
  *    {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.any? {|key, value| value < 1 } # => true
  *    {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.any? {|key, value| value < 0 } # => false
  *
- *
  *  Related: #all?, #none?, #one?.
  */
 
@@ -1677,7 +1869,7 @@ enum_any(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 DEFINE_ENUMFUNCS(one)
 {
     if (RTEST(result)) {
-        if (memo->v1 == Qundef) {
+        if (UNDEF_P(memo->v1)) {
             MEMO_V1_SET(memo, Qtrue);
         }
         else if (memo->v1 == Qtrue) {
@@ -1713,11 +1905,10 @@ cmpint_reenter_check(struct nmin_data *data, VALUE val)
 static int
 nmin_cmp(const void *ap, const void *bp, void *_data)
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     struct nmin_data *data = (struct nmin_data *)_data;
     VALUE a = *(const VALUE *)ap, b = *(const VALUE *)bp;
 #define rb_cmpint(cmp, a, b) rb_cmpint(cmpint_reenter_check(data, (cmp)), a, b)
-    return OPTIMIZED_CMP(a, b, cmp_opt);
+    return OPTIMIZED_CMP(a, b);
 #undef rb_cmpint
 }
 
@@ -1827,7 +2018,7 @@ nmin_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _data))
     else
         cmpv = i;
 
-    if (data->limit != Qundef) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(data->limit)) {
         int c = data->cmpfunc(&cmpv, &data->limit, data);
         if (data->rev)
             c = -c;
@@ -1962,7 +2153,7 @@ enum_one(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
     WARN_UNUSED_BLOCK(argc);
     rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, ENUMFUNC(one), (VALUE)memo);
     result = memo->v1;
-    if (result == Qundef) return Qfalse;
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qfalse;
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -2027,7 +2218,6 @@ enum_none(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 
 struct min_t {
     VALUE min;
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2037,11 +2227,11 @@ min_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->min == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->min)) {
         memo->min = i;
     }
     else {
-        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(i, memo->min, memo->cmp_opt) < 0) {
+        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(i, memo->min) < 0) {
             memo->min = i;
         }
     }
@@ -2056,7 +2246,7 @@ min_ii(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->min == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->min)) {
         memo->min = i;
     }
     else {
@@ -2130,7 +2320,7 @@ static VALUE
 enum_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 {
     VALUE memo;
-    struct min_t *m = NEW_CMP_OPT_MEMO(struct min_t, memo);
+    struct min_t *m = NEW_MEMO_FOR(struct min_t, memo);
     VALUE result;
     VALUE num;
 
@@ -2138,8 +2328,6 @@ enum_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
        return rb_nmin_run(obj, num, 0, 0, 0);
 
     m->min = Qundef;
-    m->cmp_opt.opt_methods = 0;
-    m->cmp_opt.opt_inited = 0;
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, min_ii, memo);
     }
@@ -2147,13 +2335,12 @@ enum_min(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
         rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, min_i, memo);
     }
     result = m->min;
-    if (result == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qnil;
     return result;
 }
 
 struct max_t {
     VALUE max;
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2163,11 +2350,11 @@ max_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->max == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->max)) {
         memo->max = i;
     }
     else {
-        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(i, memo->max, memo->cmp_opt) > 0) {
+        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(i, memo->max) > 0) {
             memo->max = i;
         }
     }
@@ -2182,7 +2369,7 @@ max_ii(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->max == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->max)) {
         memo->max = i;
     }
     else {
@@ -2255,7 +2442,7 @@ static VALUE
 enum_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 {
     VALUE memo;
-    struct max_t *m = NEW_CMP_OPT_MEMO(struct max_t, memo);
+    struct max_t *m = NEW_MEMO_FOR(struct max_t, memo);
     VALUE result;
     VALUE num;
 
@@ -2263,8 +2450,6 @@ enum_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
        return rb_nmin_run(obj, num, 0, 1, 0);
 
     m->max = Qundef;
-    m->cmp_opt.opt_methods = 0;
-    m->cmp_opt.opt_inited = 0;
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, max_ii, (VALUE)memo);
     }
@@ -2272,7 +2457,7 @@ enum_max(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
         rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, max_i, (VALUE)memo);
     }
     result = m->max;
-    if (result == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) return Qnil;
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -2280,7 +2465,6 @@ struct minmax_t {
     VALUE min;
     VALUE max;
     VALUE last;
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt;
 };
 
 static void
@@ -2288,16 +2472,16 @@ minmax_i_update(VALUE i, VALUE j, struct minmax_t *memo)
 {
     int n;
 
-    if (memo->min == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->min)) {
         memo->min = i;
         memo->max = j;
     }
     else {
-        n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(i, memo->min, memo->cmp_opt);
+        n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(i, memo->min);
         if (n < 0) {
             memo->min = i;
         }
-        n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(j, memo->max, memo->cmp_opt);
+        n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(j, memo->max);
         if (n > 0) {
             memo->max = j;
         }
@@ -2313,14 +2497,14 @@ minmax_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _memo))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->last == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->last)) {
         memo->last = i;
         return Qnil;
     }
     j = memo->last;
     memo->last = Qundef;
 
-    n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(j, i, memo->cmp_opt);
+    n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(j, i);
     if (n == 0)
         i = j;
     else if (n < 0) {
@@ -2340,7 +2524,7 @@ minmax_ii_update(VALUE i, VALUE j, struct minmax_t *memo)
 {
     int n;
 
-    if (memo->min == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->min)) {
         memo->min = i;
         memo->max = j;
     }
@@ -2365,7 +2549,7 @@ minmax_ii(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _memo))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->last == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->last)) {
         memo->last = i;
         return Qnil;
     }
@@ -2422,23 +2606,21 @@ static VALUE
 enum_minmax(VALUE obj)
 {
     VALUE memo;
-    struct minmax_t *m = NEW_CMP_OPT_MEMO(struct minmax_t, memo);
+    struct minmax_t *m = NEW_MEMO_FOR(struct minmax_t, memo);
 
     m->min = Qundef;
     m->last = Qundef;
-    m->cmp_opt.opt_methods = 0;
-    m->cmp_opt.opt_inited = 0;
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, minmax_ii, memo);
-        if (m->last != Qundef)
+        if (!UNDEF_P(m->last))
             minmax_ii_update(m->last, m->last, m);
     }
     else {
         rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, minmax_i, memo);
-        if (m->last != Qundef)
+        if (!UNDEF_P(m->last))
             minmax_i_update(m->last, m->last, m);
     }
-    if (m->min != Qundef) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(m->min)) {
         return rb_assoc_new(m->min, m->max);
     }
     return rb_assoc_new(Qnil, Qnil);
@@ -2447,18 +2629,17 @@ enum_minmax(VALUE obj)
 static VALUE
 min_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     struct MEMO *memo = MEMO_CAST(args);
     VALUE v;
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
     v = enum_yield(argc, i);
-    if (memo->v1 == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->v1)) {
         MEMO_V1_SET(memo, v);
         MEMO_V2_SET(memo, i);
     }
-    else if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v, memo->v1, cmp_opt) < 0) {
+    else if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v, memo->v1) < 0) {
         MEMO_V1_SET(memo, v);
         MEMO_V2_SET(memo, i);
     }
@@ -2522,18 +2703,17 @@ enum_min_by(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 static VALUE
 max_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     struct MEMO *memo = MEMO_CAST(args);
     VALUE v;
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
     v = enum_yield(argc, i);
-    if (memo->v1 == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->v1)) {
         MEMO_V1_SET(memo, v);
         MEMO_V2_SET(memo, i);
     }
-    else if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v, memo->v1, cmp_opt) > 0) {
+    else if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v, memo->v1) > 0) {
         MEMO_V1_SET(memo, v);
         MEMO_V2_SET(memo, i);
     }
@@ -2606,20 +2786,18 @@ struct minmax_by_t {
 static void
 minmax_by_i_update(VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE i1, VALUE i2, struct minmax_by_t *memo)
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
-
-    if (memo->min_bv == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->min_bv)) {
         memo->min_bv = v1;
         memo->max_bv = v2;
         memo->min = i1;
         memo->max = i2;
     }
     else {
-        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v1, memo->min_bv, cmp_opt) < 0) {
+        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v1, memo->min_bv) < 0) {
             memo->min_bv = v1;
             memo->min = i1;
         }
-        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v2, memo->max_bv, cmp_opt) > 0) {
+        if (OPTIMIZED_CMP(v2, memo->max_bv) > 0) {
             memo->max_bv = v2;
             memo->max = i2;
         }
@@ -2629,7 +2807,6 @@ minmax_by_i_update(VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE i1, VALUE i2, struct minmax_by_t *m
 static VALUE
 minmax_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _memo))
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     struct minmax_by_t *memo = MEMO_FOR(struct minmax_by_t, _memo);
     VALUE vi, vj, j;
     int n;
@@ -2638,7 +2815,7 @@ minmax_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _memo))
 
     vi = enum_yield(argc, i);
 
-    if (memo->last_bv == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->last_bv)) {
         memo->last_bv = vi;
         memo->last = i;
         return Qnil;
@@ -2647,7 +2824,7 @@ minmax_by_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _memo))
     j = memo->last;
     memo->last_bv = Qundef;
 
-    n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(vj, vi, cmp_opt);
+    n = OPTIMIZED_CMP(vj, vi);
     if (n == 0) {
         i = j;
         vi = vj;
@@ -2705,7 +2882,7 @@ enum_minmax_by(VALUE obj)
     m->last_bv = Qundef;
     m->last = Qundef;
     rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, minmax_by_i, memo);
-    if (m->last_bv != Qundef)
+    if (!UNDEF_P(m->last_bv))
         minmax_by_i_update(m->last_bv, m->last_bv, m->last, m->last, m);
     m = MEMO_FOR(struct minmax_by_t, memo);
     return rb_assoc_new(m->min, m->max);
@@ -2738,8 +2915,6 @@ member_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(iter, args))
  *    {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.include?('foo') # => false
  *    {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.include?(0)     # => false
  *
- *  Enumerable#member? is an alias for Enumerable#include?.
- *
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3033,7 +3208,6 @@ each_cons_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, args))
 static VALUE
 enum_each_cons_size(VALUE obj, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
 {
-    struct cmp_opt_data cmp_opt = { 0, 0 };
     const VALUE zero = LONG2FIX(0);
     VALUE n, size;
     long cons_size = NUM2LONG(RARRAY_AREF(args, 0));
@@ -3043,7 +3217,7 @@ enum_each_cons_size(VALUE obj, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
     if (NIL_P(size)) return Qnil;
 
     n = add_int(size, 1 - cons_size);
-    return (OPTIMIZED_CMP(n, zero, cmp_opt) == -1) ? zero : n;
+    return (OPTIMIZED_CMP(n, zero) == -1) ? zero : n;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3185,7 +3359,7 @@ zip_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(val, memoval))
 
             v[1] = RARRAY_AREF(args, i);
             rb_rescue2(call_next, (VALUE)v, call_stop, (VALUE)v, rb_eStopIteration, (VALUE)0);
-            if (v[0] == Qundef) {
+            if (UNDEF_P(v[0])) {
                 RARRAY_ASET(args, i, Qnil);
                 v[0] = Qnil;
             }
@@ -3834,7 +4008,7 @@ slicebefore_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(yielder, enumerator))
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    slice_before(pattern)       -> enumerator
- *    slice_before {|array| ... } -> enumerator
+ *    slice_before {|elt| ... } -> enumerator
  *
  *  With argument +pattern+, returns an enumerator that uses the pattern
  *  to partition elements into arrays ("slices").
@@ -4155,7 +4329,7 @@ slicewhen_ii(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, _memo))
 
     ENUM_WANT_SVALUE();
 
-    if (memo->prev_elt == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->prev_elt)) {
         /* The first element */
         memo->prev_elt = i;
         memo->prev_elts = rb_ary_new3(1, i);
@@ -4395,7 +4569,7 @@ sum_iter_bignum(VALUE i, struct enum_sum_memo *memo)
 static void
 sum_iter_rational(VALUE i, struct enum_sum_memo *memo)
 {
-    if (memo->r == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(memo->r)) {
         memo->r = i;
     }
     else {
@@ -4616,7 +4790,7 @@ enum_sum(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE obj)
     else {
         if (memo.n != 0)
             memo.v = rb_fix_plus(LONG2FIX(memo.n), memo.v);
-        if (memo.r != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(memo.r)) {
             memo.v = rb_rational_plus(memo.r, memo.v);
         }
         return memo.v;
@@ -4650,13 +4824,13 @@ uniq_iter(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, hash))
  *    %w[a b c c b a a b c].uniq       # => ["a", "b", "c"]
  *    [0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2].uniq # => [0, 1, 2]
  *
- *  With a block, returns a new array containing only for which the block
+ *  With a block, returns a new array containing elements only for which the block
  *  returns a unique value:
  *
  *    a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
  *    a.uniq {|i| i.even? ? i : 0 } # => [0, 2, 4]
  *    a = %w[a b c d e e d c b a a b c d e]
-      a.uniq {|c| c < 'c' }         # => ["a", "c"]
+ *    a.uniq {|c| c < 'c' }         # => ["a", "c"]
  *
  */
 
@@ -4715,7 +4889,7 @@ enum_compact(VALUE obj)
  *
  * - {Querying}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Methods+for+Querying]
  * - {Fetching}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Methods+for+Fetching]
- * - {Searching}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Methods+for+Searching]
+ * - {Searching and Filtering}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Methods+for+Searching+and+Filtering]
  * - {Sorting}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Methods+for+Sorting]
  * - {Iterating}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Methods+for+Iterating]
  * - {And more....}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Other+Methods]
@@ -4731,7 +4905,7 @@ enum_compact(VALUE obj)
  * - #one?: Returns +true+ if exactly one element meets a specified criterion; +false+ otherwise.
  * - #count: Returns the count of elements,
  *   based on an argument or block criterion, if given.
- * - #tally: Returns a new \Hash containing the counts of occurrences of each element.
+ * - #tally: Returns a new Hash containing the counts of occurrences of each element.
  *
  * === Methods for Fetching
  *
@@ -4752,21 +4926,21 @@ enum_compact(VALUE obj)
  *   as determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
  * - #max: Returns the elements whose values are largest among the elements,
  *   as determined by <tt><=></tt> or a given block.
- * - #minmax: Returns a 2-element \Array containing the smallest and largest elements.
+ * - #minmax: Returns a 2-element Array containing the smallest and largest elements.
  * - #min_by: Returns the smallest element, as determined by the given block.
  * - #max_by: Returns the largest element, as determined by the given block.
  * - #minmax_by: Returns the smallest and largest elements, as determined by the given block.
  *
  * <i>Groups, slices, and partitions</i>:
  *
- * - #group_by: Returns a \Hash that partitions the elements into groups.
+ * - #group_by: Returns a Hash that partitions the elements into groups.
  * - #partition: Returns elements partitioned into two new Arrays, as determined by the given block.
- * - #slice_after: Returns a new \Enumerator whose entries are a partition of +self+,
-     based either on a given +object+ or a given block.
- * - #slice_before: Returns a new \Enumerator whose entries are a partition of +self+,
-     based either on a given +object+ or a given block.
- * - #slice_when: Returns a new \Enumerator whose entries are a partition of +self+
-     based on the given block.
+ * - #slice_after: Returns a new Enumerator whose entries are a partition of +self+,
+ *   based either on a given +object+ or a given block.
+ * - #slice_before: Returns a new Enumerator whose entries are a partition of +self+,
+ *   based either on a given +object+ or a given block.
+ * - #slice_when: Returns a new Enumerator whose entries are a partition of +self+
+ *   based on the given block.
  * - #chunk: Returns elements organized into chunks as specified by the given block.
  * - #chunk_while: Returns elements organized into chunks as specified by the given block.
  *
@@ -4866,18 +5040,18 @@ enum_compact(VALUE obj)
  *
  * Virtually all methods in \Enumerable call method +#each+ in the including class:
  *
- * - <tt>Hash#each</tt> yields the next key-value pair as a 2-element \Array.
- * - <tt>Struct#each</tt> yields the next name-value pair as a 2-element \Array.
+ * - <tt>Hash#each</tt> yields the next key-value pair as a 2-element Array.
+ * - <tt>Struct#each</tt> yields the next name-value pair as a 2-element Array.
  * - For the other classes above, +#each+ yields the next object from the collection.
  *
  * == About the Examples
  *
  * The example code snippets for the \Enumerable methods:
  *
- * - Always show the use of one or more \Array-like classes (often \Array itself).
- * - Sometimes show the use of a \Hash-like class.
+ * - Always show the use of one or more Array-like classes (often Array itself).
+ * - Sometimes show the use of a Hash-like class.
  *   For some methods, though, the usage would not make sense,
- *   and so it is not shown.  Example: #tally would find exactly one of each \Hash entry.
+ *   and so it is not shown.  Example: #tally would find exactly one of each Hash entry.
  *
  */
 
diff --git a/enumerator.c b/enumerator.c
index 2c9858cda6..d2819e4049 100644
--- a/enumerator.c
+++ b/enumerator.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "id.h"
 #include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/class.h"
 #include "internal/enumerator.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
@@ -72,6 +73,8 @@
  *   puts %w[foo bar baz].map.with_index { |w, i| "#{i}:#{w}" }
  *   # => ["0:foo", "1:bar", "2:baz"]
  *
+ * == External Iteration
+ *
  * An Enumerator can also be used as an external iterator.
  * For example, Enumerator#next returns the next value of the iterator
  * or raises StopIteration if the Enumerator is at the end.
@@ -82,15 +85,49 @@
  *   puts e.next   # => 3
  *   puts e.next   # raises StopIteration
  *
- * Note that enumeration sequence by +next+, +next_values+, +peek+ and
- * +peek_values+ do not affect other non-external
- * enumeration methods, unless the underlying iteration method itself has
- * side-effect, e.g. IO#each_line.
+ * +next+, +next_values+, +peek+, and +peek_values+ are the only methods
+ * which use external iteration (and Array#zip(Enumerable-not-Array) which uses +next+ internally).
+ *
+ * These methods do not affect other internal enumeration methods,
+ * unless the underlying iteration method itself has side-effect, e.g. IO#each_line.
+ *
+ * FrozenError will be raised if these methods are called against a frozen enumerator.
+ * Since +rewind+ and +feed+ also change state for external iteration,
+ * these methods may raise FrozenError too.
+ *
+ * External iteration differs *significantly* from internal iteration
+ * due to using a Fiber:
+ * - The Fiber adds some overhead compared to internal enumeration.
+ * - The stacktrace will only include the stack from the Enumerator, not above.
+ * - Fiber-local variables are *not* inherited inside the Enumerator Fiber,
+ *   which instead starts with no Fiber-local variables.
+ * - Fiber storage variables *are* inherited and are designed
+ *   to handle Enumerator Fibers. Assigning to a Fiber storage variable
+ *   only affects the current Fiber, so if you want to change state
+ *   in the caller Fiber of the Enumerator Fiber, you need to use an
+ *   extra indirection (e.g., use some object in the Fiber storage
+ *   variable and mutate some ivar of it).
+ *
+ * Concretely:
+ *
+ *   Thread.current[:fiber_local] = 1
+ *   Fiber[:storage_var] = 1
+ *   e = Enumerator.new do |y|
+ *     p Thread.current[:fiber_local] # for external iteration: nil, for internal iteration: 1
+ *     p Fiber[:storage_var] # => 1, inherited
+ *     Fiber[:storage_var] += 1
+ *     y << 42
+ *   end
+ *
+ *   p e.next # => 42
+ *   p Fiber[:storage_var] # => 1 (it ran in a different Fiber)
+ *
+ *   e.each { p _1 }
+ *   p Fiber[:storage_var] # => 2 (it ran in the same Fiber/"stack" as the current Fiber)
  *
- * Moreover, implementation typically uses fibers so performance could be
- * slower and exception stacktraces different than expected.
+ * == Convert External Iteration to Internal Iteration
  *
- * You can use this to implement an internal iterator as follows:
+ * You can use an external iterator to implement an internal iterator as follows:
  *
  *   def ext_each(e)
  *     while true
@@ -132,7 +169,10 @@ static VALUE sym_each, sym_cycle, sym_yield;
 
 static VALUE lazy_use_super_method;
 
+extern ID ruby_static_id_cause;
+
 #define id_call idCall
+#define id_cause ruby_static_id_cause
 #define id_each idEach
 #define id_eqq idEqq
 #define id_initialize idInitialize
@@ -155,6 +195,19 @@ struct enumerator {
     int kw_splat;
 };
 
+RUBY_REFERENCES(enumerator_refs) = {
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, obj),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, args),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, fib),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, dst),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, lookahead),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, feedvalue),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, stop_exc),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, size),
+    RUBY_REF_EDGE(struct enumerator, procs),
+    RUBY_REF_END
+};
+
 static VALUE rb_cGenerator, rb_cYielder, rb_cEnumProducer;
 
 struct generator {
@@ -173,9 +226,11 @@ struct producer {
 
 typedef struct MEMO *lazyenum_proc_func(VALUE, struct MEMO *, VALUE, long);
 typedef VALUE lazyenum_size_func(VALUE, VALUE);
+typedef int lazyenum_precheck_func(VALUE proc_entry);
 typedef struct {
     lazyenum_proc_func *proc;
     lazyenum_size_func *size;
+    lazyenum_precheck_func *precheck;
 } lazyenum_funcs;
 
 struct proc_entry {
@@ -202,56 +257,15 @@ struct enum_product {
 
 VALUE rb_cArithSeq;
 
-/*
- * Enumerator
- */
-static void
-enumerator_mark(void *p)
-{
-    struct enumerator *ptr = p;
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->obj);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->args);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->fib);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->dst);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->lookahead);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->feedvalue);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->stop_exc);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->size);
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->procs);
-}
-
-static void
-enumerator_compact(void *p)
-{
-    struct enumerator *ptr = p;
-    ptr->obj = rb_gc_location(ptr->obj);
-    ptr->args = rb_gc_location(ptr->args);
-    ptr->fib = rb_gc_location(ptr->fib);
-    ptr->dst = rb_gc_location(ptr->dst);
-    ptr->lookahead = rb_gc_location(ptr->lookahead);
-    ptr->feedvalue = rb_gc_location(ptr->feedvalue);
-    ptr->stop_exc = rb_gc_location(ptr->stop_exc);
-    ptr->size = rb_gc_location(ptr->size);
-    ptr->procs = rb_gc_location(ptr->procs);
-}
-
-#define enumerator_free RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
-
-static size_t
-enumerator_memsize(const void *p)
-{
-    return sizeof(struct enumerator);
-}
-
 static const rb_data_type_t enumerator_data_type = {
     "enumerator",
     {
-        enumerator_mark,
-        enumerator_free,
-        enumerator_memsize,
-        enumerator_compact,
+        RUBY_REFS_LIST_PTR(enumerator_refs),
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL, // Nothing allocated externally, so don't need a memsize function
+        NULL,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, NULL, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static struct enumerator *
@@ -260,7 +274,7 @@ enumerator_ptr(VALUE obj)
     struct enumerator *ptr;
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct enumerator, &enumerator_data_type, ptr);
-    if (!ptr || ptr->obj == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->obj)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized enumerator");
     }
     return ptr;
@@ -282,22 +296,15 @@ proc_entry_compact(void *p)
     ptr->memo = rb_gc_location(ptr->memo);
 }
 
-#define proc_entry_free RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
-
-static size_t
-proc_entry_memsize(const void *p)
-{
-    return p ? sizeof(struct proc_entry) : 0;
-}
-
 static const rb_data_type_t proc_entry_data_type = {
     "proc_entry",
     {
         proc_entry_mark,
-        proc_entry_free,
-        proc_entry_memsize,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL, // Nothing allocated externally, so don't need a memsize function
         proc_entry_compact,
     },
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static struct proc_entry *
@@ -382,7 +389,7 @@ obj_to_enum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
     }
     enumerator = rb_enumeratorize_with_size(obj, meth, argc, argv, 0);
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-        enumerator_ptr(enumerator)->size = rb_block_proc();
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(enumerator, &enumerator_ptr(enumerator)->size, rb_block_proc());
     }
     return enumerator;
 }
@@ -411,15 +418,15 @@ enumerator_init(VALUE enum_obj, VALUE obj, VALUE meth, int argc, const VALUE *ar
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unallocated enumerator");
     }
 
-    ptr->obj  = obj;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(enum_obj, &ptr->obj, obj);
     ptr->meth = rb_to_id(meth);
-    if (argc) ptr->args = rb_ary_new4(argc, argv);
+    if (argc) RB_OBJ_WRITE(enum_obj, &ptr->args, rb_ary_new4(argc, argv));
     ptr->fib = 0;
     ptr->dst = Qnil;
     ptr->lookahead = Qundef;
     ptr->feedvalue = Qundef;
     ptr->stop_exc = Qfalse;
-    ptr->size = size;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(enum_obj, &ptr->size, size);
     ptr->size_fn = size_fn;
     ptr->kw_splat = kw_splat;
 
@@ -498,13 +505,13 @@ enumerator_init_copy(VALUE obj, VALUE orig)
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unallocated enumerator");
     }
 
-    ptr1->obj  = ptr0->obj;
-    ptr1->meth = ptr0->meth;
-    ptr1->args = ptr0->args;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr1->obj, ptr0->obj);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr1->meth, ptr0->meth);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr1->args, ptr0->args);
     ptr1->fib  = 0;
     ptr1->lookahead  = Qundef;
     ptr1->feedvalue  = Qundef;
-    ptr1->size  = ptr0->size;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr1->size, ptr0->size);
     ptr1->size_fn  = ptr0->size_fn;
 
     return obj;
@@ -519,8 +526,8 @@ rb_enumeratorize(VALUE obj, VALUE meth, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
     return rb_enumeratorize_with_size(obj, meth, argc, argv, 0);
 }
 
-static VALUE
-lazy_to_enum_i(VALUE self, VALUE meth, int argc, const VALUE *argv, rb_enumerator_size_func *size_fn, int kw_splat);
+static VALUE lazy_to_enum_i(VALUE self, VALUE meth, int argc, const VALUE *argv, rb_enumerator_size_func *size_fn, int kw_splat);
+static int lazy_precheck(VALUE procs);
 
 VALUE
 rb_enumeratorize_with_size_kw(VALUE obj, VALUE meth, int argc, const VALUE *argv, rb_enumerator_size_func *size_fn, int kw_splat)
@@ -552,11 +559,17 @@ enumerator_block_call(VALUE obj, rb_block_call_func *func, VALUE arg)
     const struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj);
     ID meth = e->meth;
 
-    if (e->args) {
-        argc = RARRAY_LENINT(e->args);
-        argv = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(e->args);
+    VALUE args = e->args;
+    if (args) {
+        argc = RARRAY_LENINT(args);
+        argv = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(args);
     }
-    return rb_block_call_kw(e->obj, meth, argc, argv, func, arg, e->kw_splat);
+
+    VALUE ret = rb_block_call_kw(e->obj, meth, argc, argv, func, arg, e->kw_splat);
+
+    RB_GC_GUARD(args);
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -598,9 +611,10 @@ enumerator_block_call(VALUE obj, rb_block_call_func *func, VALUE arg)
 static VALUE
 enumerator_each(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 {
+    struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj);
+
     if (argc > 0) {
-        struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj = rb_obj_dup(obj));
-        VALUE args = e->args;
+        VALUE args = (e = enumerator_ptr(obj = rb_obj_dup(obj)))->args;
         if (args) {
 #if SIZEOF_INT < SIZEOF_LONG
             /* check int range overflow */
@@ -612,11 +626,14 @@ enumerator_each(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
         else {
             args = rb_ary_new4(argc, argv);
         }
-        e->args = args;
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &e->args, args);
         e->size = Qnil;
         e->size_fn = 0;
     }
     if (!rb_block_given_p()) return obj;
+
+    if (!lazy_precheck(e->procs)) return Qnil;
+
     return enumerator_block_call(obj, 0, obj);
 }
 
@@ -735,7 +752,7 @@ next_ii(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, obj))
     VALUE feedvalue = Qnil;
     VALUE args = rb_ary_new4(argc, argv);
     rb_fiber_yield(1, &args);
-    if (e->feedvalue != Qundef) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(e->feedvalue)) {
         feedvalue = e->feedvalue;
         e->feedvalue = Qundef;
     }
@@ -750,7 +767,7 @@ next_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(_, obj))
     VALUE result;
 
     result = rb_block_call(obj, id_each, 0, 0, next_ii, obj);
-    e->stop_exc = rb_exc_new2(rb_eStopIteration, "iteration reached an end");
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &e->stop_exc, rb_exc_new2(rb_eStopIteration, "iteration reached an end"));
     rb_ivar_set(e->stop_exc, id_result, result);
     return rb_fiber_yield(1, &nil);
 }
@@ -759,8 +776,8 @@ static void
 next_init(VALUE obj, struct enumerator *e)
 {
     VALUE curr = rb_fiber_current();
-    e->dst = curr;
-    e->fib = rb_fiber_new(next_i, obj);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &e->dst, curr);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &e->fib, rb_fiber_new(next_i, obj));
     e->lookahead = Qundef;
 }
 
@@ -769,8 +786,16 @@ get_next_values(VALUE obj, struct enumerator *e)
 {
     VALUE curr, vs;
 
-    if (e->stop_exc)
-        rb_exc_raise(e->stop_exc);
+    if (e->stop_exc) {
+        VALUE exc = e->stop_exc;
+        VALUE result = rb_attr_get(exc, id_result);
+        VALUE mesg = rb_attr_get(exc, idMesg);
+        if (!NIL_P(mesg)) mesg = rb_str_dup(mesg);
+        VALUE stop_exc = rb_exc_new_str(rb_eStopIteration, mesg);
+        rb_ivar_set(stop_exc, id_cause, exc);
+        rb_ivar_set(stop_exc, id_result, result);
+        rb_exc_raise(stop_exc);
+    }
 
     curr = rb_fiber_current();
 
@@ -840,7 +865,9 @@ enumerator_next_values(VALUE obj)
     struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj);
     VALUE vs;
 
-    if (e->lookahead != Qundef) {
+    rb_check_frozen(obj);
+
+    if (!UNDEF_P(e->lookahead)) {
         vs = e->lookahead;
         e->lookahead = Qundef;
         return vs;
@@ -901,9 +928,12 @@ enumerator_peek_values(VALUE obj)
 {
     struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj);
 
-    if (e->lookahead == Qundef) {
-        e->lookahead = get_next_values(obj, e);
+    rb_check_frozen(obj);
+
+    if (UNDEF_P(e->lookahead)) {
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &e->lookahead, get_next_values(obj, e));
     }
+
     return e->lookahead;
 }
 
@@ -1025,10 +1055,12 @@ enumerator_feed(VALUE obj, VALUE v)
 {
     struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj);
 
-    if (e->feedvalue != Qundef) {
+    rb_check_frozen(obj);
+
+    if (!UNDEF_P(e->feedvalue)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "feed value already set");
     }
-    e->feedvalue = v;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &e->feedvalue, v);
 
     return Qnil;
 }
@@ -1047,6 +1079,8 @@ enumerator_rewind(VALUE obj)
 {
     struct enumerator *e = enumerator_ptr(obj);
 
+    rb_check_frozen(obj);
+
     rb_check_funcall(e->obj, id_rewind, 0, 0);
 
     e->fib = 0;
@@ -1070,7 +1104,7 @@ inspect_enumerator(VALUE obj, VALUE dummy, int recur)
 
     cname = rb_obj_class(obj);
 
-    if (!e || e->obj == Qundef) {
+    if (!e || UNDEF_P(e->obj)) {
         return rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE": uninitialized>", rb_class_path(cname));
     }
 
@@ -1239,7 +1273,7 @@ enumerator_size(VALUE obj)
         argv = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(e->args);
     }
     size = rb_check_funcall_kw(e->size, id_call, argc, argv, e->kw_splat);
-    if (size != Qundef) return size;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(size)) return size;
     return e->size;
 }
 
@@ -1260,23 +1294,15 @@ yielder_compact(void *p)
     ptr->proc = rb_gc_location(ptr->proc);
 }
 
-#define yielder_free RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
-
-static size_t
-yielder_memsize(const void *p)
-{
-    return sizeof(struct yielder);
-}
-
 static const rb_data_type_t yielder_data_type = {
     "yielder",
     {
         yielder_mark,
-        yielder_free,
-        yielder_memsize,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL,
         yielder_compact,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static struct yielder *
@@ -1285,7 +1311,7 @@ yielder_ptr(VALUE obj)
     struct yielder *ptr;
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct yielder, &yielder_data_type, ptr);
-    if (!ptr || ptr->proc == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->proc)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized yielder");
     }
     return ptr;
@@ -1315,7 +1341,7 @@ yielder_init(VALUE obj, VALUE proc)
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unallocated yielder");
     }
 
-    ptr->proc = proc;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr->proc, proc);
 
     return obj;
 }
@@ -1400,23 +1426,15 @@ generator_compact(void *p)
     ptr->obj = rb_gc_location(ptr->obj);
 }
 
-#define generator_free RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
-
-static size_t
-generator_memsize(const void *p)
-{
-    return sizeof(struct generator);
-}
-
 static const rb_data_type_t generator_data_type = {
     "generator",
     {
         generator_mark,
-        generator_free,
-        generator_memsize,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL,
         generator_compact,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static struct generator *
@@ -1425,7 +1443,7 @@ generator_ptr(VALUE obj)
     struct generator *ptr;
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct generator, &generator_data_type, ptr);
-    if (!ptr || ptr->proc == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->proc)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized generator");
     }
     return ptr;
@@ -1456,7 +1474,7 @@ generator_init(VALUE obj, VALUE proc)
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unallocated generator");
     }
 
-    ptr->proc = proc;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr->proc, proc);
 
     return obj;
 }
@@ -1504,7 +1522,7 @@ generator_init_copy(VALUE obj, VALUE orig)
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unallocated generator");
     }
 
-    ptr1->proc = ptr0->proc;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr1->proc, ptr0->proc);
 
     return obj;
 }
@@ -1529,7 +1547,7 @@ static VALUE
 enum_size(VALUE self)
 {
     VALUE r = rb_check_funcall(self, id_size, 0, 0);
-    return (r == Qundef) ? Qnil : r;
+    return UNDEF_P(r) ? Qnil : r;
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1562,7 +1580,7 @@ lazy_init_iterator(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(val, m))
         result = rb_yield_values2(len, nargv);
         ALLOCV_END(args);
     }
-    if (result == Qundef) rb_iter_break();
+    if (UNDEF_P(result)) rb_iter_break();
     return Qnil;
 }
 
@@ -1671,11 +1689,27 @@ lazy_generator_init(VALUE enumerator, VALUE procs)
                   lazy_init_block, rb_ary_new3(2, obj, procs));
 
     gen_ptr = generator_ptr(generator);
-    gen_ptr->obj = obj;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(generator, &gen_ptr->obj, obj);
 
     return generator;
 }
 
+static int
+lazy_precheck(VALUE procs)
+{
+    if (RTEST(procs)) {
+        long num_procs = RARRAY_LEN(procs), i = num_procs;
+        while (i-- > 0) {
+            VALUE proc = RARRAY_AREF(procs, i);
+            struct proc_entry *entry = proc_entry_ptr(proc);
+            lazyenum_precheck_func *precheck = entry->fn->precheck;
+            if (precheck && !precheck(proc)) return FALSE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
 /*
  * Document-class: Enumerator::Lazy
  *
@@ -1840,10 +1874,10 @@ lazy_add_method(VALUE obj, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE args, VALUE memo,
     VALUE entry_obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(rb_cObject, struct proc_entry,
                                             &proc_entry_data_type, entry);
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-        entry->proc = rb_block_proc();
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(entry_obj, &entry->proc, rb_block_proc());
     }
     entry->fn = fn;
-    entry->memo = args;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(entry_obj, &entry->memo, args);
 
     lazy_set_args(entry_obj, memo);
 
@@ -1852,9 +1886,9 @@ lazy_add_method(VALUE obj, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE args, VALUE memo,
     rb_ary_push(new_procs, entry_obj);
 
     new_obj = enumerator_init_copy(enumerator_allocate(rb_cLazy), obj);
-    new_e = DATA_PTR(new_obj);
-    new_e->obj = new_generator;
-    new_e->procs = new_procs;
+    new_e = RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(new_obj);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(new_obj, &new_e->obj, new_generator);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(new_obj, &new_e->procs, new_procs);
 
     if (argc > 0) {
         new_e->meth = rb_to_id(*argv++);
@@ -1863,7 +1897,9 @@ lazy_add_method(VALUE obj, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE args, VALUE memo,
     else {
         new_e->meth = id_each;
     }
-    new_e->args = rb_ary_new4(argc, argv);
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(new_obj, &new_e->args, rb_ary_new4(argc, argv));
+
     return new_obj;
 }
 
@@ -1949,7 +1985,7 @@ lazy_to_enum(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     }
     lazy = lazy_to_enum_i(self, meth, argc, argv, 0, rb_keyword_given_p());
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-        enumerator_ptr(lazy)->size = rb_block_proc();
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(lazy, &enumerator_ptr(lazy)->size, rb_block_proc());
     }
     return lazy;
 }
@@ -2335,7 +2371,6 @@ lazy_zip_arrays_func(VALUE proc_entry, struct MEMO *result, VALUE memos, long me
         rb_ary_push(ary, rb_ary_entry(RARRAY_AREF(arrays, i), count));
     }
     LAZY_MEMO_SET_VALUE(result, ary);
-    LAZY_MEMO_SET_PACKED(result);
     rb_ary_store(memos, memo_index, LONG2NUM(++count));
     return result;
 }
@@ -2425,13 +2460,8 @@ lazy_take_proc(VALUE proc_entry, struct MEMO *result, VALUE memos, long memo_ind
     }
 
     remain = NUM2LONG(memo);
-    if (remain == 0) {
-        LAZY_MEMO_SET_BREAK(result);
-    }
-    else {
-        if (--remain == 0) LAZY_MEMO_SET_BREAK(result);
-        rb_ary_store(memos, memo_index, LONG2NUM(remain));
-    }
+    if (--remain == 0) LAZY_MEMO_SET_BREAK(result);
+    rb_ary_store(memos, memo_index, LONG2NUM(remain));
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -2444,8 +2474,15 @@ lazy_take_size(VALUE entry, VALUE receiver)
     return LONG2NUM(len);
 }
 
+static int
+lazy_take_precheck(VALUE proc_entry)
+{
+    struct proc_entry *entry = proc_entry_ptr(proc_entry);
+    return entry->memo != INT2FIX(0);
+}
+
 static const lazyenum_funcs lazy_take_funcs = {
-    lazy_take_proc, lazy_take_size,
+    lazy_take_proc, lazy_take_size, lazy_take_precheck,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -2459,20 +2496,14 @@ static VALUE
 lazy_take(VALUE obj, VALUE n)
 {
     long len = NUM2LONG(n);
-    int argc = 0;
-    VALUE argv[2];
 
     if (len < 0) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "attempt to take negative size");
     }
 
-    if (len == 0) {
-       argv[0] = sym_cycle;
-       argv[1] = INT2NUM(0);
-       argc = 2;
-    }
+    n = LONG2NUM(len);          /* no more conversion */
 
-    return lazy_add_method(obj, argc, argv, n, rb_ary_new3(1, n), &lazy_take_funcs);
+    return lazy_add_method(obj, 0, 0, n, rb_ary_new3(1, n), &lazy_take_funcs);
 }
 
 static struct MEMO *
@@ -2914,7 +2945,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t producer_data_type = {
         producer_memsize,
         producer_compact,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 static struct producer *
@@ -2923,7 +2954,7 @@ producer_ptr(VALUE obj)
     struct producer *ptr;
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct producer, &producer_data_type, ptr);
-    if (!ptr || ptr->proc == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->proc)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized producer");
     }
     return ptr;
@@ -2954,8 +2985,8 @@ producer_init(VALUE obj, VALUE init, VALUE proc)
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unallocated producer");
     }
 
-    ptr->init = init;
-    ptr->proc = proc;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr->init, init);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &ptr->proc, proc);
 
     return obj;
 }
@@ -2978,7 +3009,7 @@ producer_each_i(VALUE obj)
     init = ptr->init;
     proc = ptr->proc;
 
-    if (init == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(init)) {
         curr = Qnil;
     }
     else {
@@ -3109,7 +3140,7 @@ enum_chain_ptr(VALUE obj)
     struct enum_chain *ptr;
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct enum_chain, &enum_chain_data_type, ptr);
-    if (!ptr || ptr->enums == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->enums)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized chain");
     }
     return ptr;
@@ -3302,7 +3333,7 @@ inspect_enum_chain(VALUE obj, VALUE dummy, int recur)
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct enum_chain, &enum_chain_data_type, ptr);
 
-    if (!ptr || ptr->enums == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->enums)) {
         return rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE": uninitialized>", rb_class_path(klass));
     }
 
@@ -3384,7 +3415,7 @@ enumerator_plus(VALUE obj, VALUE eobj)
  *
  * The method used against each enumerable object is `each_entry`
  * instead of `each` so that the product of N enumerable objects
- * yields exactly N arguments in each iteration.
+ * yields an array of exactly N elements in each iteration.
  *
  * When no enumerator is given, it calls a given block once yielding
  * an empty argument list.
@@ -3431,7 +3462,7 @@ enum_product_ptr(VALUE obj)
     struct enum_product *ptr;
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct enum_product, &enum_product_data_type, ptr);
-    if (!ptr || ptr->enums == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->enums)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized product");
     }
     return ptr;
@@ -3462,9 +3493,16 @@ enum_product_allocate(VALUE klass)
  *   e.size #=> 6
  */
 static VALUE
-enum_product_initialize(VALUE obj, VALUE enums)
+enum_product_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 {
     struct enum_product *ptr;
+    VALUE enums = Qnil, options = Qnil;
+
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "*:", &enums, &options);
+
+    if (!NIL_P(options) && !RHASH_EMPTY_P(options)) {
+        rb_exc_raise(rb_keyword_error_new("unknown", rb_hash_keys(options)));
+    }
 
     rb_check_frozen(obj);
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct enum_product, &enum_product_data_type, ptr);
@@ -3570,7 +3608,7 @@ product_each(VALUE obj, struct product_state *pstate)
         rb_block_call(eobj, id_each_entry, 0, NULL, product_each_i, (VALUE)pstate);
     }
     else {
-        rb_funcallv(pstate->block, id_call, pstate->argc, pstate->argv);
+        rb_funcall(pstate->block, id_call, 1, rb_ary_new_from_values(pstate->argc, pstate->argv));
     }
 
     return obj;
@@ -3642,7 +3680,7 @@ inspect_enum_product(VALUE obj, VALUE dummy, int recur)
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct enum_product, &enum_product_data_type, ptr);
 
-    if (!ptr || ptr->enums == Qundef) {
+    if (!ptr || UNDEF_P(ptr->enums)) {
         return rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE": uninitialized>", rb_class_path(klass));
     }
 
@@ -3668,6 +3706,7 @@ enum_product_inspect(VALUE obj)
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   Enumerator.product(*enums) -> enumerator
+ *   Enumerator.product(*enums) { |elts| ... } -> enumerator
  *
  * Generates a new enumerator object that generates a Cartesian
  * product of given enumerable objects.  This is equivalent to
@@ -3676,18 +3715,29 @@ enum_product_inspect(VALUE obj)
  *   e = Enumerator.product(1..3, [4, 5])
  *   e.to_a #=> [[1, 4], [1, 5], [2, 4], [2, 5], [3, 4], [3, 5]]
  *   e.size #=> 6
+ *
+ * When a block is given, calls the block with each N-element array
+ * generated and returns +nil+.
  */
 static VALUE
-enumerator_s_product(VALUE klass, VALUE enums)
+enumerator_s_product(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 {
-    VALUE obj = enum_product_initialize(enum_product_allocate(rb_cEnumProduct), enums);
+    VALUE enums = Qnil, options = Qnil, block = Qnil;
 
-    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
-        return enum_product_run(obj, rb_block_proc());
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "*:&", &enums, &options, &block);
+
+    if (!NIL_P(options) && !RHASH_EMPTY_P(options)) {
+        rb_exc_raise(rb_keyword_error_new("unknown", rb_hash_keys(options)));
     }
-    else {
-        return obj;
+
+    VALUE obj = enum_product_initialize(argc, argv, enum_product_allocate(rb_cEnumProduct));
+
+    if (!NIL_P(block)) {
+        enum_product_run(obj, block);
+        return Qnil;
     }
+
+    return obj;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4567,7 +4617,7 @@ InitVM_Enumerator(void)
     /* Product */
     rb_cEnumProduct = rb_define_class_under(rb_cEnumerator, "Product", rb_cEnumerator);
     rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cEnumProduct, enum_product_allocate);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "initialize", enum_product_initialize, -2);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "initialize", enum_product_initialize, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "initialize_copy", enum_product_init_copy, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "each", enum_product_each, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "size", enum_product_size, 0);
@@ -4578,7 +4628,7 @@ InitVM_Enumerator(void)
     rb_undef_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "next_values");
     rb_undef_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "peek");
     rb_undef_method(rb_cEnumProduct, "peek_values");
-    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cEnumerator, "product", enumerator_s_product, -2);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cEnumerator, "product", enumerator_s_product, -1);
 
     /* ArithmeticSequence */
     rb_cArithSeq = rb_define_class_under(rb_cEnumerator, "ArithmeticSequence", rb_cEnumerator);
diff --git a/error.c b/error.c
index 07fa04627e..29f0f27ab9 100644
--- a/error.c
+++ b/error.c
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@
 # include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H
+# include <sys/wait.h>
+#endif
+
 #if defined __APPLE__
 # include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
 #endif
@@ -34,11 +38,14 @@
 #include "internal/io.h"
 #include "internal/load.h"
 #include "internal/object.h"
+#include "internal/process.h"
+#include "internal/string.h"
 #include "internal/symbol.h"
 #include "internal/thread.h"
 #include "internal/variable.h"
 #include "ruby/encoding.h"
 #include "ruby/st.h"
+#include "ruby/util.h"
 #include "ruby_assert.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
 
@@ -76,6 +83,7 @@ static ID id_warn;
 static ID id_category;
 static ID id_deprecated;
 static ID id_experimental;
+static ID id_performance;
 static VALUE sym_category;
 static VALUE sym_highlight;
 static struct {
@@ -124,6 +132,8 @@ err_vcatf(VALUE str, const char *pre, const char *file, int line,
     return str;
 }
 
+static VALUE syntax_error_with_path(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE*, rb_encoding*);
+
 VALUE
 rb_syntax_error_append(VALUE exc, VALUE file, int line, int column,
                        rb_encoding *enc, const char *fmt, va_list args)
@@ -137,15 +147,7 @@ rb_syntax_error_append(VALUE exc, VALUE file, int line, int column,
     }
     else {
         VALUE mesg;
-        if (NIL_P(exc)) {
-            mesg = rb_enc_str_new(0, 0, enc);
-            exc = rb_class_new_instance(1, &mesg, rb_eSyntaxError);
-        }
-        else {
-            mesg = rb_attr_get(exc, idMesg);
-            if (RSTRING_LEN(mesg) > 0 && *(RSTRING_END(mesg)-1) != '\n')
-                rb_str_cat_cstr(mesg, "\n");
-        }
+        exc = syntax_error_with_path(exc, file, &mesg, enc);
         err_vcatf(mesg, NULL, fn, line, fmt, args);
     }
 
@@ -153,8 +155,8 @@ rb_syntax_error_append(VALUE exc, VALUE file, int line, int column,
 }
 
 static unsigned int warning_disabled_categories = (
-    1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED |
-    0);
+    (1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED) |
+    ~RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEFAULT_BITS);
 
 static unsigned int
 rb_warning_category_mask(VALUE category)
@@ -192,7 +194,7 @@ rb_warning_category_update(unsigned int mask, unsigned int bits)
     warning_disabled_categories |= mask & ~bits;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED bool
+bool
 rb_warning_category_enabled_p(rb_warning_category_t category)
 {
     return !(warning_disabled_categories & (1U << category));
@@ -205,14 +207,19 @@ rb_warning_category_enabled_p(rb_warning_category_t category)
  * Returns the flag to show the warning messages for +category+.
  * Supported categories are:
  *
- * +:deprecated+ :: deprecation warnings
- * * assignment of non-nil value to <code>$,</code> and <code>$;</code>
- * * keyword arguments
- * * proc/lambda without block
- * etc.
+ * +:deprecated+ ::
+ *   deprecation warnings
+ *   * assignment of non-nil value to <code>$,</code> and <code>$;</code>
+ *   * keyword arguments
+ *   etc.
+ *
+ * +:experimental+ ::
+ *   experimental features
+ *   * Pattern matching
  *
- * +:experimental+ :: experimental features
- * * Pattern matching
+ * +:performance+ ::
+ *   performance hints
+ *   * Shape variation limit
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -284,11 +291,11 @@ rb_warning_s_warn(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
  *
  *  Changing the behavior of Warning.warn is useful to customize how warnings are
  *  handled by Ruby, for instance by filtering some warnings, and/or outputting
- *  warnings somewhere other than $stderr.
+ *  warnings somewhere other than <tt>$stderr</tt>.
  *
  *  If you want to change the behavior of Warning.warn you should use
- *  +Warning.extend(MyNewModuleWithWarnMethod)+ and you can use `super`
- *  to get the default behavior of printing the warning to $stderr.
+ *  <tt>Warning.extend(MyNewModuleWithWarnMethod)</tt> and you can use +super+
+ *  to get the default behavior of printing the warning to <tt>$stderr</tt>.
  *
  *  Example:
  *    module MyWarningFilter
@@ -305,7 +312,7 @@ rb_warning_s_warn(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
  *  You should never redefine Warning#warn (the instance method), as that will
  *  then no longer provide a way to use the default behavior.
  *
- *  The +warning+ gem provides convenient ways to customize Warning.warn.
+ *  The warning[https://rubygems.org/gems/warning] gem provides convenient ways to customize Warning.warn.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -405,8 +412,10 @@ warning_string(rb_encoding *enc, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 }
 
 #define with_warning_string(mesg, enc, fmt) \
+    with_warning_string_from(mesg, enc, fmt, fmt)
+#define with_warning_string_from(mesg, enc, fmt, last_arg) \
     VALUE mesg; \
-    va_list args; va_start(args, fmt); \
+    va_list args; va_start(args, last_arg); \
     mesg = warning_string(enc, fmt, args); \
     va_end(args);
 
@@ -508,12 +517,9 @@ rb_warn_deprecated(const char *fmt, const char *suggest, ...)
 {
     if (!deprecation_warning_enabled()) return;
 
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, suggest);
-    VALUE mesg = warning_string(0, fmt, args);
-    va_end(args);
-
-    warn_deprecated(mesg, NULL, suggest);
+    with_warning_string_from(mesg, 0, fmt, suggest) {
+        warn_deprecated(mesg, NULL, suggest);
+    }
 }
 
 void
@@ -521,12 +527,9 @@ rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove(const char *removal, const char *fmt, const char *s
 {
     if (!deprecation_warning_enabled()) return;
 
-    va_list args;
-    va_start(args, suggest);
-    VALUE mesg = warning_string(0, fmt, args);
-    va_end(args);
-
-    warn_deprecated(mesg, removal, suggest);
+    with_warning_string_from(mesg, 0, fmt, suggest) {
+        warn_deprecated(mesg, removal, suggest);
+    }
 }
 
 static inline int
@@ -625,18 +628,239 @@ rb_bug_reporter_add(void (*func)(FILE *, void *), void *data)
     return 1;
 }
 
+/* returns true if x can not be used as file name */
+static bool
+path_sep_p(char x)
+{
+#if defined __CYGWIN__ || defined DOSISH
+# define PATH_SEP_ENCODING 1
+    // Assume that "/" is only the first byte in any encoding.
+    if (x == ':') return true; // drive letter or ADS
+    if (x == '\\') return true;
+#endif
+    return x == '/';
+}
+
+struct path_string {
+    const char *ptr;
+    size_t len;
+};
+
+static const char PATHSEP_REPLACE = '!';
+
+static char *
+append_pathname(char *p, const char *pe, VALUE str)
+{
+#ifdef PATH_SEP_ENCODING
+    rb_encoding *enc = rb_enc_get(str);
+#endif
+    const char *s = RSTRING_PTR(str);
+    const char *const se = s + RSTRING_LEN(str);
+    char c;
+
+    --pe; // for terminator
+
+    while (p < pe && s < se && (c = *s) != '\0') {
+        if (c == '.') {
+            if (s == se || !*s) break; // chomp "." basename
+            if (path_sep_p(s[1])) goto skipsep; // skip "./"
+        }
+        else if (path_sep_p(c)) {
+            // squeeze successive separators
+            *p++ = PATHSEP_REPLACE;
+          skipsep:
+            while (++s < se && path_sep_p(*s));
+            continue;
+        }
+        const char *const ss = s;
+        while (p < pe && s < se && *s && !path_sep_p(*s)) {
+#ifdef PATH_SEP_ENCODING
+            int n = rb_enc_mbclen(s, se, enc);
+#else
+            const int n = 1;
+#endif
+            p += n;
+            s += n;
+        }
+        if (s > ss) memcpy(p - (s - ss), ss, s - ss);
+    }
+
+    return p;
+}
+
+static char *
+append_basename(char *p, const char *pe, struct path_string *path, VALUE str)
+{
+    if (!path->ptr) {
+#ifdef PATH_SEP_ENCODING
+        rb_encoding *enc = rb_enc_get(str);
+#endif
+        const char *const b = RSTRING_PTR(str), *const e = RSTRING_END(str), *p = e;
+
+        while (p > b) {
+            if (path_sep_p(p[-1])) {
+#ifdef PATH_SEP_ENCODING
+                const char *t = rb_enc_prev_char(b, p, e, enc);
+                if (t == p-1) break;
+                p = t;
+#else
+                break;
+#endif
+            }
+            else {
+                --p;
+            }
+        }
+
+        path->ptr = p;
+        path->len = e - p;
+    }
+    size_t n = path->len;
+    if (p + n > pe) n = pe - p;
+    memcpy(p, path->ptr, n);
+    return p + n;
+}
+
+static void
+finish_report(FILE *out, rb_pid_t pid)
+{
+    if (out != stdout && out != stderr) fclose(out);
+#ifdef HAVE_WORKING_FORK
+    if (pid > 0) waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+struct report_expansion {
+    struct path_string exe, script;
+    rb_pid_t pid;
+    time_t time;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Open a bug report file to write.  The `RUBY_CRASH_REPORT`
+ * environment variable can be set to define a template that is used
+ * to name bug report files.  The template can contain % specifiers
+ * which are substituted by the following values when a bug report
+ * file is created:
+ *
+ *   %%    A single % character.
+ *   %e    The base name of the executable filename.
+ *   %E    Pathname of executable, with slashes ('/') replaced by
+ *         exclamation marks ('!').
+ *   %f    Similar to %e with the main script filename.
+ *   %F    Similar to %E with the main script filename.
+ *   %p    PID of dumped process in decimal.
+ *   %t    Time of dump, expressed as seconds since the Epoch,
+ *         1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
+ *   %NNN  Octal char code, upto 3 digits.
+ */
+static char *
+expand_report_argument(const char **input_template, struct report_expansion *values,
+                       char *buf, size_t size, bool word)
+{
+    char *p = buf;
+    char *end = buf + size;
+    const char *template = *input_template;
+    bool store = true;
+
+    if (p >= end-1 || !*template) return NULL;
+    do {
+        char c = *template++;
+        if (word && ISSPACE(c)) break;
+        if (!store) continue;
+        if (c == '%') {
+            size_t n;
+            switch (c = *template++) {
+              case 'e':
+                p = append_basename(p, end, &values->exe, rb_argv0);
+                continue;
+              case 'E':
+                p = append_pathname(p, end, rb_argv0);
+                continue;
+              case 'f':
+                p = append_basename(p, end, &values->script, GET_VM()->orig_progname);
+                continue;
+              case 'F':
+                p = append_pathname(p, end, GET_VM()->orig_progname);
+                continue;
+              case 'p':
+                if (!values->pid) values->pid = getpid();
+                snprintf(p, end-p, "%" PRI_PIDT_PREFIX "d", values->pid);
+                p += strlen(p);
+                continue;
+              case 't':
+                if (!values->time) values->time = time(NULL);
+                snprintf(p, end-p, "%" PRI_TIMET_PREFIX "d", values->time);
+                p += strlen(p);
+                continue;
+              default:
+                if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') {
+                    c = (unsigned char)ruby_scan_oct(template-1, 3, &n);
+                    template += n - 1;
+                    if (!c) store = false;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (p < end-1) *p++ = c;
+    } while (*template);
+    *input_template = template;
+    *p = '\0';
+    return ++p;
+}
+
+FILE *ruby_popen_writer(char *const *argv, rb_pid_t *pid);
+
+static FILE *
+open_report_path(const char *template, char *buf, size_t size, rb_pid_t *pid)
+{
+    struct report_expansion values = {{0}};
+
+    if (!template) return NULL;
+    if (0) fprintf(stderr, "RUBY_CRASH_REPORT=%s\n", buf);
+    if (*template == '|') {
+        char *argv[16], *bufend = buf + size, *p;
+        int argc;
+        template++;
+        for (argc = 0; argc < numberof(argv) - 1; ++argc) {
+            while (*template && ISSPACE(*template)) template++;
+            p = expand_report_argument(&template, &values, buf, bufend-buf, true);
+            if (!p) break;
+            argv[argc] = buf;
+            buf = p;
+        }
+        argv[argc] = NULL;
+        if (!p) return ruby_popen_writer(argv, pid);
+    }
+    else if (*template) {
+        expand_report_argument(&template, &values, buf, size, false);
+        return fopen(buf, "w");
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static const char *crash_report;
+
 /* SIGSEGV handler might have a very small stack. Thus we need to use it carefully. */
 #define REPORT_BUG_BUFSIZ 256
 static FILE *
-bug_report_file(const char *file, int line)
+bug_report_file(const char *file, int line, rb_pid_t *pid)
 {
     char buf[REPORT_BUG_BUFSIZ];
-    FILE *out = stderr;
+    const char *report = crash_report;
+    if (!report) report = getenv("RUBY_CRASH_REPORT");
+    FILE *out = open_report_path(report, buf, sizeof(buf), pid);
     int len = err_position_0(buf, sizeof(buf), file, line);
 
-    if ((ssize_t)fwrite(buf, 1, len, out) == (ssize_t)len ||
-        (ssize_t)fwrite(buf, 1, len, (out = stdout)) == (ssize_t)len) {
-        return out;
+    if (out) {
+        if ((ssize_t)fwrite(buf, 1, len, out) == (ssize_t)len) return out;
+        fclose(out);
+    }
+    if ((ssize_t)fwrite(buf, 1, len, stderr) == (ssize_t)len) {
+        return stderr;
+    }
+    if ((ssize_t)fwrite(buf, 1, len, stdout) == (ssize_t)len) {
+        return stdout;
     }
 
     return NULL;
@@ -669,6 +893,11 @@ bug_important_message(FILE *out, const char *const msg, size_t len)
     fwrite(p, 1, endmsg - p, out);
 }
 
+#undef CRASH_REPORTER_MAY_BE_CREATED
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && \
+    (!defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6) || MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6 || defined(__POWERPC__)) /* 10.6 PPC case */
+# define CRASH_REPORTER_MAY_BE_CREATED
+#endif
 static void
 preface_dump(FILE *out)
 {
@@ -677,7 +906,7 @@ preface_dump(FILE *out)
         "-- Crash Report log information "
         "--------------------------------------------\n"
         "   See Crash Report log file in one of the following locations:\n"
-# if MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6
+# ifdef CRASH_REPORTER_MAY_BE_CREATED
         "     * ~/Library/Logs/CrashReporter\n"
         "     * /Library/Logs/CrashReporter\n"
 # endif
@@ -702,7 +931,7 @@ postscript_dump(FILE *out)
         "[IMPORTANT]"
         /*" ------------------------------------------------"*/
         "\n""Don't forget to include the Crash Report log file under\n"
-# if MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_6
+# ifdef CRASH_REPORTER_MAY_BE_CREATED
         "CrashReporter or "
 # endif
         "DiagnosticReports directory in bug reports.\n"
@@ -738,7 +967,7 @@ bug_report_begin_valist(FILE *out, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 } while (0)
 
 static void
-bug_report_end(FILE *out)
+bug_report_end(FILE *out, rb_pid_t pid)
 {
     /* call additional bug reporters */
     {
@@ -749,26 +978,45 @@ bug_report_end(FILE *out)
         }
     }
     postscript_dump(out);
+    finish_report(out, pid);
 }
 
 #define report_bug(file, line, fmt, ctx) do { \
-    FILE *out = bug_report_file(file, line); \
+    rb_pid_t pid = -1; \
+    FILE *out = bug_report_file(file, line, &pid); \
     if (out) { \
         bug_report_begin(out, fmt); \
-        rb_vm_bugreport(ctx); \
-        bug_report_end(out); \
+        rb_vm_bugreport(ctx, out); \
+        bug_report_end(out, pid); \
     } \
 } while (0) \
 
 #define report_bug_valist(file, line, fmt, ctx, args) do { \
-    FILE *out = bug_report_file(file, line); \
+    rb_pid_t pid = -1; \
+    FILE *out = bug_report_file(file, line, &pid); \
     if (out) { \
         bug_report_begin_valist(out, fmt, args); \
-        rb_vm_bugreport(ctx); \
-        bug_report_end(out); \
+        rb_vm_bugreport(ctx, out); \
+        bug_report_end(out, pid); \
     } \
 } while (0) \
 
+void
+ruby_set_crash_report(const char *template)
+{
+    crash_report = template;
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+    rb_pid_t pid = -1;
+    char buf[REPORT_BUG_BUFSIZ];
+    FILE *out = open_report_path(template, buf, sizeof(buf), &pid);
+    if (out) {
+        time_t t = time(NULL);
+        fprintf(out, "ruby_test_bug_report: %s", ctime(&t));
+        finish_report(out, pid);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
 NORETURN(static void die(void));
 static void
 die(void)
@@ -818,6 +1066,7 @@ rb_bug_for_fatal_signal(ruby_sighandler_t default_sighandler, int sig, const voi
 
     if (default_sighandler) default_sighandler(sig);
 
+    ruby_default_signal(sig);
     die();
 }
 
@@ -871,7 +1120,7 @@ rb_report_bug_valist(VALUE file, int line, const char *fmt, va_list args)
     report_bug_valist(RSTRING_PTR(file), line, fmt, NULL, args);
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED void
+void
 rb_assert_failure(const char *file, int line, const char *name, const char *expr)
 {
     FILE *out = stderr;
@@ -879,8 +1128,8 @@ rb_assert_failure(const char *file, int line, const char *name, const char *expr
     if (name) fprintf(out, "%s:", name);
     fprintf(out, "%s\n%s\n\n", expr, rb_dynamic_description);
     preface_dump(out);
-    rb_vm_bugreport(NULL);
-    bug_report_end(out);
+    rb_vm_bugreport(NULL, out);
+    bug_report_end(out, -1);
     die();
 }
 
@@ -1003,7 +1252,7 @@ rb_check_type(VALUE x, int t)
 {
     int xt;
 
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(x == Qundef)) {
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(UNDEF_P(x))) {
         rb_bug(UNDEF_LEAKED);
     }
 
@@ -1024,7 +1273,7 @@ rb_check_type(VALUE x, int t)
 void
 rb_unexpected_type(VALUE x, int t)
 {
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(x == Qundef)) {
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(UNDEF_P(x))) {
         rb_bug(UNDEF_LEAKED);
     }
 
@@ -1074,7 +1323,7 @@ rb_check_typeddata(VALUE obj, const rb_data_type_t *data_type)
         actual = rb_str_new_cstr(name); /* or rb_fstring_cstr? not sure... */
     }
     else {
-        return DATA_PTR(obj);
+        return RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(obj);
     }
 
     const char *expected = data_type->wrap_struct_name;
@@ -1226,7 +1475,7 @@ VALUE
 rb_get_message(VALUE exc)
 {
     VALUE e = rb_check_funcall(exc, id_message, 0, 0);
-    if (e == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(e)) return Qnil;
     if (!RB_TYPE_P(e, T_STRING)) e = rb_check_string_type(e);
     return e;
 }
@@ -1241,7 +1490,7 @@ rb_get_detailed_message(VALUE exc, VALUE opt)
     else {
         e = rb_check_funcall_kw(exc, id_detailed_message, 1, &opt, 1);
     }
-    if (e == Qundef) return Qnil;
+    if (UNDEF_P(e)) return Qnil;
     if (!RB_TYPE_P(e, T_STRING)) e = rb_check_string_type(e);
     return e;
 }
@@ -1439,8 +1688,15 @@ exc_inspect(VALUE exc)
     str = rb_str_buf_new2("#<");
     klass = rb_class_name(klass);
     rb_str_buf_append(str, klass);
-    rb_str_buf_cat(str, ": ", 2);
-    rb_str_buf_append(str, exc);
+
+    if (RTEST(rb_str_include(exc, rb_str_new2("\n")))) {
+        rb_str_catf(str, ":%+"PRIsVALUE, exc);
+    }
+    else {
+        rb_str_buf_cat(str, ": ", 2);
+        rb_str_buf_append(str, exc);
+    }
+
     rb_str_buf_cat(str, ">", 1);
 
     return str;
@@ -1579,7 +1835,7 @@ exc_set_backtrace(VALUE exc, VALUE bt)
     return rb_ivar_set(exc, id_bt, rb_check_backtrace(bt));
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_exc_set_backtrace(VALUE exc, VALUE bt)
 {
     return exc_set_backtrace(exc, bt);
@@ -1626,15 +1882,15 @@ exc_equal(VALUE exc, VALUE obj)
         int state;
 
         obj = rb_protect(try_convert_to_exception, obj, &state);
-        if (state || obj == Qundef) {
+        if (state || UNDEF_P(obj)) {
             rb_set_errinfo(Qnil);
             return Qfalse;
         }
         if (rb_obj_class(exc) != rb_obj_class(obj)) return Qfalse;
         mesg = rb_check_funcall(obj, id_message, 0, 0);
-        if (mesg == Qundef) return Qfalse;
+        if (UNDEF_P(mesg)) return Qfalse;
         backtrace = rb_check_funcall(obj, id_backtrace, 0, 0);
-        if (backtrace == Qundef) return Qfalse;
+        if (UNDEF_P(backtrace)) return Qfalse;
     }
     else {
         mesg = rb_attr_get(obj, id_mesg);
@@ -1737,7 +1993,7 @@ exit_success_p(VALUE exc)
 static VALUE
 err_init_recv(VALUE exc, VALUE recv)
 {
-    if (recv != Qundef) rb_ivar_set(exc, id_recv, recv);
+    if (!UNDEF_P(recv)) rb_ivar_set(exc, id_recv, recv);
     return exc;
 }
 
@@ -1815,7 +2071,9 @@ name_err_init_attr(VALUE exc, VALUE recv, VALUE method)
     cfp = rb_vm_get_ruby_level_next_cfp(ec, cfp);
     rb_ivar_set(exc, id_name, method);
     err_init_recv(exc, recv);
-    if (cfp) rb_ivar_set(exc, id_iseq, rb_iseqw_new(cfp->iseq));
+    if (cfp && VM_FRAME_TYPE(cfp) != VM_FRAME_MAGIC_DUMMY) {
+        rb_ivar_set(exc, id_iseq, rb_iseqw_new(cfp->iseq));
+    }
     return exc;
 }
 
@@ -1945,50 +2203,50 @@ rb_nomethod_err_new(VALUE mesg, VALUE recv, VALUE method, VALUE args, int priv)
     return nometh_err_init_attr(exc, args, priv);
 }
 
-/* :nodoc: */
-enum {
-    NAME_ERR_MESG__MESG,
-    NAME_ERR_MESG__RECV,
-    NAME_ERR_MESG__NAME,
-    NAME_ERR_MESG_COUNT
-};
+typedef struct name_error_message_struct {
+    VALUE mesg;
+    VALUE recv;
+    VALUE name;
+} name_error_message_t;
 
 static void
 name_err_mesg_mark(void *p)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr = p;
-    rb_gc_mark_locations(ptr, ptr+NAME_ERR_MESG_COUNT);
+    name_error_message_t *ptr = (name_error_message_t *)p;
+    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->mesg);
+    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->recv);
+    rb_gc_mark_movable(ptr->name);
 }
 
-#define name_err_mesg_free RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
-
-static size_t
-name_err_mesg_memsize(const void *p)
+static void
+name_err_mesg_update(void *p)
 {
-    return NAME_ERR_MESG_COUNT * sizeof(VALUE);
+    name_error_message_t *ptr = (name_error_message_t *)p;
+    ptr->mesg = rb_gc_location(ptr->mesg);
+    ptr->recv = rb_gc_location(ptr->recv);
+    ptr->name = rb_gc_location(ptr->name);
 }
 
 static const rb_data_type_t name_err_mesg_data_type = {
     "name_err_mesg",
     {
         name_err_mesg_mark,
-        name_err_mesg_free,
-        name_err_mesg_memsize,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL, // No external memory to report,
+        name_err_mesg_update,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
 };
 
 /* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
-rb_name_err_mesg_init(VALUE klass, VALUE mesg, VALUE recv, VALUE method)
+rb_name_err_mesg_init(VALUE klass, VALUE mesg, VALUE recv, VALUE name)
 {
-    VALUE result = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, &name_err_mesg_data_type, 0);
-    VALUE *ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, NAME_ERR_MESG_COUNT);
-
-    ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__MESG] = mesg;
-    ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__RECV] = recv;
-    ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__NAME] = method;
-    RTYPEDDATA_DATA(result) = ptr;
+    name_error_message_t *message;
+    VALUE result = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, message);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, &message->mesg, mesg);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, &message->recv, recv);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(result, &message->name, name);
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -2010,14 +2268,16 @@ name_err_mesg_alloc(VALUE klass)
 static VALUE
 name_err_mesg_init_copy(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr1, *ptr2;
-
     if (obj1 == obj2) return obj1;
     rb_obj_init_copy(obj1, obj2);
 
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj1, VALUE, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr1);
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj2, VALUE, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr2);
-    MEMCPY(ptr1, ptr2, VALUE, NAME_ERR_MESG_COUNT);
+    name_error_message_t *ptr1, *ptr2;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj1, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr1);
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj2, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr2);
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj1, &ptr1->mesg, ptr2->mesg);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj1, &ptr1->recv, ptr2->recv);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj1, &ptr1->name, ptr2->name);
     return obj1;
 }
 
@@ -2025,19 +2285,18 @@ name_err_mesg_init_copy(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
 static VALUE
 name_err_mesg_equal(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr1, *ptr2;
-    int i;
-
     if (obj1 == obj2) return Qtrue;
+
     if (rb_obj_class(obj2) != rb_cNameErrorMesg)
         return Qfalse;
 
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj1, VALUE, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr1);
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj2, VALUE, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr2);
-    for (i=0; i<NAME_ERR_MESG_COUNT; i++) {
-        if (!rb_equal(ptr1[i], ptr2[i]))
-            return Qfalse;
-    }
+    name_error_message_t *ptr1, *ptr2;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj1, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr1);
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj2, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr2);
+
+    if (!rb_equal(ptr1->mesg, ptr2->mesg)) return Qfalse;
+    if (!rb_equal(ptr1->recv, ptr2->recv)) return Qfalse;
+    if (!rb_equal(ptr1->name, ptr2->name)) return Qfalse;
     return Qtrue;
 }
 
@@ -2056,51 +2315,91 @@ name_err_mesg_receiver_name(VALUE obj)
 static VALUE
 name_err_mesg_to_str(VALUE obj)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr, mesg;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, VALUE, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr);
+    name_error_message_t *ptr;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr);
 
-    mesg = ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__MESG];
+    VALUE mesg = ptr->mesg;
     if (NIL_P(mesg)) return Qnil;
     else {
-        struct RString s_str, d_str;
-        VALUE c, s, d = 0, args[4];
-        int state = 0, singleton = 0;
+        struct RString s_str, c_str, d_str;
+        VALUE c, s, d = 0, args[4], c2;
+        int state = 0;
         rb_encoding *usascii = rb_usascii_encoding();
 
 #define FAKE_CSTR(v, str) rb_setup_fake_str((v), (str), rb_strlen_lit(str), usascii)
-        obj = ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__RECV];
+        c = s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, "");
+        obj = ptr->recv;
         switch (obj) {
           case Qnil:
-            d = FAKE_CSTR(&d_str, "nil");
+            c = d = FAKE_CSTR(&d_str, "nil");
             break;
           case Qtrue:
-            d = FAKE_CSTR(&d_str, "true");
+            c = d = FAKE_CSTR(&d_str, "true");
             break;
           case Qfalse:
-            d = FAKE_CSTR(&d_str, "false");
+            c = d = FAKE_CSTR(&d_str, "false");
             break;
           default:
-            d = rb_protect(name_err_mesg_receiver_name, obj, &state);
-            if (state || d == Qundef || NIL_P(d))
-                d = rb_protect(rb_inspect, obj, &state);
+            if (strstr(RSTRING_PTR(mesg), "%2$s")) {
+                d = rb_protect(name_err_mesg_receiver_name, obj, &state);
+                if (state || NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(d))
+                    d = rb_protect(rb_inspect, obj, &state);
+                if (state) {
+                    rb_set_errinfo(Qnil);
+                }
+                d = rb_check_string_type(d);
+                if (NIL_P(d)) {
+                    d = rb_any_to_s(obj);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+                switch (RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
+                  case T_MODULE:
+                    s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, "module ");
+                    c = obj;
+                    break;
+                  case T_CLASS:
+                    s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, "class ");
+                    c = obj;
+                    break;
+                  default:
+                    goto object;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                VALUE klass;
+              object:
+                klass = CLASS_OF(obj);
+                if (RB_TYPE_P(klass, T_CLASS) && FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
+                    s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, "");
+                    if (obj == rb_vm_top_self()) {
+                        c = FAKE_CSTR(&c_str, "main");
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        c = rb_any_to_s(obj);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                else {
+                    s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, "an instance of ");
+                    c = rb_class_real(klass);
+                }
+            }
+            c2 = rb_protect(name_err_mesg_receiver_name, c, &state);
+            if (state || NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(c2))
+                c2 = rb_protect(rb_inspect, c, &state);
             if (state) {
                 rb_set_errinfo(Qnil);
             }
-            d = rb_check_string_type(d);
-            if (NIL_P(d)) {
-                d = rb_any_to_s(obj);
+            c2 = rb_check_string_type(c2);
+            if (NIL_P(c2)) {
+                c2 = rb_any_to_s(c);
             }
-            singleton = (RSTRING_LEN(d) > 0 && RSTRING_PTR(d)[0] == '#');
+            c = c2;
             break;
         }
-        if (!singleton) {
-            s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, ":");
-            c = rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(obj));
-        }
-        else {
-            c = s = FAKE_CSTR(&s_str, "");
-        }
-        args[0] = rb_obj_as_string(ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__NAME]);
+        args[0] = rb_obj_as_string(ptr->name);
         args[1] = d;
         args[2] = s;
         args[3] = c;
@@ -2133,17 +2432,17 @@ name_err_mesg_load(VALUE klass, VALUE str)
 static VALUE
 name_err_receiver(VALUE self)
 {
-    VALUE *ptr, recv, mesg;
+    VALUE recv = rb_ivar_lookup(self, id_recv, Qundef);
+    if (!UNDEF_P(recv)) return recv;
 
-    recv = rb_ivar_lookup(self, id_recv, Qundef);
-    if (recv != Qundef) return recv;
-
-    mesg = rb_attr_get(self, id_mesg);
+    VALUE mesg = rb_attr_get(self, id_mesg);
     if (!rb_typeddata_is_kind_of(mesg, &name_err_mesg_data_type)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no receiver is available");
     }
-    ptr = DATA_PTR(mesg);
-    return ptr[NAME_ERR_MESG__RECV];
+
+    name_error_message_t *ptr;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mesg, name_error_message_t, &name_err_mesg_data_type, ptr);
+    return ptr->recv;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2194,7 +2493,7 @@ key_err_receiver(VALUE self)
     VALUE recv;
 
     recv = rb_ivar_lookup(self, id_receiver, Qundef);
-    if (recv != Qundef) return recv;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(recv)) return recv;
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no receiver is available");
 }
 
@@ -2211,7 +2510,7 @@ key_err_key(VALUE self)
     VALUE key;
 
     key = rb_ivar_lookup(self, id_key, Qundef);
-    if (key != Qundef) return key;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(key)) return key;
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no key is available");
 }
 
@@ -2249,7 +2548,7 @@ key_err_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
         keywords[1] = id_key;
         rb_get_kwargs(options, keywords, 0, numberof(values), values);
         for (i = 0; i < numberof(values); ++i) {
-            if (values[i] != Qundef) {
+            if (!UNDEF_P(values[i])) {
                 rb_ivar_set(self, keywords[i], values[i]);
             }
         }
@@ -2271,7 +2570,7 @@ no_matching_pattern_key_err_matchee(VALUE self)
     VALUE matchee;
 
     matchee = rb_ivar_lookup(self, id_matchee, Qundef);
-    if (matchee != Qundef) return matchee;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(matchee)) return matchee;
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no matchee is available");
 }
 
@@ -2288,7 +2587,7 @@ no_matching_pattern_key_err_key(VALUE self)
     VALUE key;
 
     key = rb_ivar_lookup(self, id_key, Qundef);
-    if (key != Qundef) return key;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(key)) return key;
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no key is available");
 }
 
@@ -2315,7 +2614,7 @@ no_matching_pattern_key_err_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
         keywords[1] = id_key;
         rb_get_kwargs(options, keywords, 0, numberof(values), values);
         for (i = 0; i < numberof(values); ++i) {
-            if (values[i] != Qundef) {
+            if (!UNDEF_P(values[i])) {
                 rb_ivar_set(self, keywords[i], values[i]);
             }
         }
@@ -2344,6 +2643,25 @@ syntax_error_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     return rb_call_super(argc, argv);
 }
 
+static VALUE
+syntax_error_with_path(VALUE exc, VALUE path, VALUE *mesg, rb_encoding *enc)
+{
+    if (NIL_P(exc)) {
+        *mesg = rb_enc_str_new(0, 0, enc);
+        exc = rb_class_new_instance(1, mesg, rb_eSyntaxError);
+        rb_ivar_set(exc, id_i_path, path);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (rb_attr_get(exc, id_i_path) != path) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "SyntaxError#path changed");
+        }
+        VALUE s = *mesg = rb_attr_get(exc, idMesg);
+        if (RSTRING_LEN(s) > 0 && *(RSTRING_END(s)-1) != '\n')
+            rb_str_cat_cstr(s, "\n");
+    }
+    return exc;
+}
+
 /*
  *  Document-module: Errno
  *
@@ -2376,6 +2694,14 @@ syntax_error_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 static st_table *syserr_tbl;
 
+void
+rb_free_warning(void)
+{
+    st_free_table(warning_categories.id2enum);
+    st_free_table(warning_categories.enum2id);
+    st_free_table(syserr_tbl);
+}
+
 static VALUE
 set_syserr(int n, const char *name)
 {
@@ -2437,9 +2763,6 @@ get_syserr(int n)
 static VALUE
 syserr_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-#if !defined(_WIN32)
-    char *strerror();
-#endif
     const char *err;
     VALUE mesg, error, func, errmsg;
     VALUE klass = rb_obj_class(self);
@@ -2738,7 +3061,7 @@ syserr_eqq(VALUE self, VALUE exc)
  *
  *  <em>raises the exception:</em>
  *
- *     NoMethodError: undefined method `to_ary' for "hello":String
+ *     NoMethodError: undefined method `to_ary' for an instance of String
  */
 
 /*
@@ -2934,12 +3257,14 @@ exception_dumper(VALUE exc)
 }
 
 static int
-ivar_copy_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t exc)
+ivar_copy_i(ID key, VALUE val, st_data_t exc)
 {
-    rb_ivar_set((VALUE) exc, (ID) key, (VALUE) val);
+    rb_ivar_set((VALUE)exc, key, val);
     return ST_CONTINUE;
 }
 
+void rb_exc_check_circular_cause(VALUE exc);
+
 static VALUE
 exception_loader(VALUE exc, VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -2954,6 +3279,8 @@ exception_loader(VALUE exc, VALUE obj)
 
     rb_ivar_foreach(obj, ivar_copy_i, exc);
 
+    rb_exc_check_circular_cause(exc);
+
     if (rb_attr_get(exc, id_bt) == rb_attr_get(exc, id_bt_locations)) {
         rb_ivar_set(exc, id_bt_locations, Qnil);
     }
@@ -3005,9 +3332,16 @@ Init_Exception(void)
     rb_eSyntaxError = rb_define_class("SyntaxError", rb_eScriptError);
     rb_define_method(rb_eSyntaxError, "initialize", syntax_error_initialize, -1);
 
+    /* RDoc will use literal name value while parsing rb_attr,
+    *  and will render `idPath` as an attribute name without this trick */
+    ID path = idPath;
+
+    /* the path failed to parse */
+    rb_attr(rb_eSyntaxError, path, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
+
     rb_eLoadError   = rb_define_class("LoadError", rb_eScriptError);
     /* the path failed to load */
-    rb_attr(rb_eLoadError, rb_intern_const("path"), TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
+    rb_attr(rb_eLoadError, path, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
 
     rb_eNotImpError = rb_define_class("NotImplementedError", rb_eScriptError);
 
@@ -3077,6 +3411,7 @@ Init_Exception(void)
     id_category = rb_intern_const("category");
     id_deprecated = rb_intern_const("deprecated");
     id_experimental = rb_intern_const("experimental");
+    id_performance = rb_intern_const("performance");
     id_top = rb_intern_const("top");
     id_bottom = rb_intern_const("bottom");
     id_iseq = rb_make_internal_id();
@@ -3088,11 +3423,13 @@ Init_Exception(void)
     warning_categories.id2enum = rb_init_identtable();
     st_add_direct(warning_categories.id2enum, id_deprecated, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED);
     st_add_direct(warning_categories.id2enum, id_experimental, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL);
+    st_add_direct(warning_categories.id2enum, id_performance, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_PERFORMANCE);
 
     warning_categories.enum2id = rb_init_identtable();
     st_add_direct(warning_categories.enum2id, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_NONE, 0);
     st_add_direct(warning_categories.enum2id, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED, id_deprecated);
     st_add_direct(warning_categories.enum2id, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL, id_experimental);
+    st_add_direct(warning_categories.enum2id, RB_WARN_CATEGORY_PERFORMANCE, id_performance);
 }
 
 void
@@ -3175,7 +3512,7 @@ rb_fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
         /* The thread has no GVL.  Object allocation impossible (cant run GC),
          * thus no message can be printed out. */
         fprintf(stderr, "[FATAL] rb_fatal() outside of GVL\n");
-        rb_print_backtrace();
+        rb_print_backtrace(stderr);
         die();
     }
 
@@ -3238,12 +3575,14 @@ rb_syserr_fail_str(int e, VALUE mesg)
     rb_exc_raise(rb_syserr_new_str(e, mesg));
 }
 
+#undef rb_sys_fail
 void
 rb_sys_fail(const char *mesg)
 {
     rb_exc_raise(make_errno_exc(mesg));
 }
 
+#undef rb_sys_fail_str
 void
 rb_sys_fail_str(VALUE mesg)
 {
diff --git a/eval.c b/eval.c
index cf32a82214..15b6567aff 100644
--- a/eval.c
+++ b/eval.c
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "eval_intern.h"
-#include "gc.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/class.h"
+#include "internal/cont.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
 #include "internal/eval.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
 #include "internal/inits.h"
 #include "internal/io.h"
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@
 #include "internal/variable.h"
 #include "ruby/fiber/scheduler.h"
 #include "iseq.h"
-#include "mjit.h"
+#include "rjit.h"
 #include "probes.h"
 #include "probes_helper.h"
 #include "ruby/vm.h"
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ NORETURN(static void rb_raise_jump(VALUE, VALUE));
 void rb_ec_clear_current_thread_trace_func(const rb_execution_context_t *ec);
 void rb_ec_clear_all_trace_func(const rb_execution_context_t *ec);
 
-static int rb_ec_cleanup(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int ex);
+static int rb_ec_cleanup(rb_execution_context_t *ec, enum ruby_tag_type ex);
 static int rb_ec_exec_node(rb_execution_context_t *ec, void *n);
 
 VALUE rb_eLocalJumpError;
@@ -99,8 +100,10 @@ ruby_init(void)
 {
     int state = ruby_setup();
     if (state) {
-        if (RTEST(ruby_debug))
-            error_print(GET_EC());
+        if (RTEST(ruby_debug)) {
+            rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
+            rb_ec_error_print(ec, ec->errinfo);
+        }
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
 }
@@ -119,8 +122,9 @@ ruby_options(int argc, char **argv)
     }
     else {
         rb_ec_clear_current_thread_trace_func(ec);
-        state = error_handle(ec, state);
-        iseq = (void *)INT2FIX(state);
+        int exitcode = error_handle(ec, ec->errinfo, state);
+        ec->errinfo = Qnil; /* just been handled */
+        iseq = (void *)INT2FIX(exitcode);
     }
     EC_POP_TAG();
     return iseq;
@@ -136,7 +140,7 @@ rb_ec_fiber_scheduler_finalize(rb_execution_context_t *ec)
         rb_fiber_scheduler_set(Qnil);
     }
     else {
-        state = error_handle(ec, state);
+        state = error_handle(ec, ec->errinfo, state);
     }
     EC_POP_TAG();
 }
@@ -175,20 +179,21 @@ ruby_finalize(void)
 int
 ruby_cleanup(int ex)
 {
-    return rb_ec_cleanup(GET_EC(), ex);
+    return rb_ec_cleanup(GET_EC(), (enum ruby_tag_type)ex);
 }
 
 static int
-rb_ec_cleanup(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int ex0)
+rb_ec_cleanup(rb_execution_context_t *ec, enum ruby_tag_type ex)
 {
     int state;
-    volatile VALUE errs[2] = { Qundef, Qundef };
-    int nerr;
+    volatile VALUE save_error = Qundef;
+    volatile int sysex = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    volatile int signaled = 0;
     rb_thread_t *th = rb_ec_thread_ptr(ec);
     rb_thread_t *const volatile th0 = th;
-    volatile int sysex = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     volatile int step = 0;
-    volatile int ex = ex0;
+    volatile VALUE message = Qnil;
+    VALUE buf;
 
     rb_threadptr_interrupt(th);
     rb_threadptr_check_signal(th);
@@ -198,60 +203,59 @@ rb_ec_cleanup(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int ex0)
         SAVE_ROOT_JMPBUF(th, { RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec); });
 
       step_0: step++;
-        errs[1] = ec->errinfo;
+        save_error = ec->errinfo;
         if (THROW_DATA_P(ec->errinfo)) ec->errinfo = Qnil;
-        ruby_init_stack(&errs[STACK_UPPER(errs, 0, 1)]);
+        ruby_init_stack(&message);
 
+        /* exits with failure but silently when an exception raised
+         * here */
         SAVE_ROOT_JMPBUF(th, rb_ec_teardown(ec));
 
       step_1: step++;
+        VALUE err = ec->errinfo;
+        volatile int mode0 = 0, mode1 = 0;
+        if (err != save_error && !NIL_P(err)) {
+            mode0 = exiting_split(err, &sysex, &signaled);
+        }
+
+        /* exceptions after here will be ignored */
+
+        /* build error message including causes */
+        err = ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE(save_error, Qnil);
+
+        if (!NIL_P(err) && !THROW_DATA_P(err)) {
+            mode1 = exiting_split(err, (mode0 & EXITING_WITH_STATUS) ? NULL : &sysex, &signaled);
+            if (mode1 & EXITING_WITH_MESSAGE) {
+                buf = rb_str_new(NULL, 0);
+                SAVE_ROOT_JMPBUF(th, rb_ec_error_print_detailed(ec, err, buf, Qundef));
+                message = buf;
+            }
+        }
+
+      step_2: step++;
         /* protect from Thread#raise */
         th->status = THREAD_KILLED;
 
-        errs[0] = ec->errinfo;
         SAVE_ROOT_JMPBUF(th, rb_ractor_terminate_all());
+
+      step_3: step++;
+        if (!NIL_P(buf = message)) {
+            warn_print_str(buf);
+        }
+        else if (!NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(err = save_error) ||
+                 (ex != TAG_NONE && !((mode0|mode1) & EXITING_WITH_STATUS))) {
+            sysex = error_handle(ec, err, ex);
+        }
     }
     else {
         th = th0;
         switch (step) {
           case 0: goto step_0;
           case 1: goto step_1;
+          case 2: goto step_2;
+          case 3: goto step_3;
         }
-        if (ex == 0) ex = state;
     }
-    ec->errinfo = errs[1];
-    sysex = error_handle(ec, ex);
-
-    state = 0;
-    for (nerr = 0; nerr < numberof(errs); ++nerr) {
-        VALUE err = ATOMIC_VALUE_EXCHANGE(errs[nerr], Qnil);
-        VALUE sig;
-
-        if (!RTEST(err)) continue;
-
-        /* ec->errinfo contains a NODE while break'ing */
-        if (THROW_DATA_P(err)) continue;
-
-        if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(err, rb_eSystemExit)) {
-            sysex = sysexit_status(err);
-            break;
-        }
-        else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(err, rb_eSignal)) {
-            VALUE sig = rb_ivar_get(err, id_signo);
-            state = NUM2INT(sig);
-            break;
-        }
-        else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(err, rb_eSystemCallError) &&
-                 FIXNUM_P(sig = rb_attr_get(err, id_signo))) {
-            state = NUM2INT(sig);
-            break;
-        }
-        else if (sysex == EXIT_SUCCESS) {
-            sysex = EXIT_FAILURE;
-        }
-    }
-
-    mjit_finish(true); // We still need ISeqs here.
 
     rb_ec_finalize(ec);
 
@@ -262,7 +266,10 @@ rb_ec_cleanup(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int ex0)
     th = th0;
     rb_thread_stop_timer_thread();
     ruby_vm_destruct(th->vm);
-    if (state) ruby_default_signal(state);
+    // For YJIT, call this after ruby_vm_destruct() frees jit_cont for the root fiber.
+    rb_jit_cont_finish();
+
+    if (signaled) ruby_default_signal(signaled);
 
     return sysex;
 }
@@ -314,7 +321,7 @@ ruby_run_node(void *n)
     rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
     int status;
     if (!ruby_executable_node(n, &status)) {
-        rb_ec_cleanup(ec, 0);
+        rb_ec_cleanup(ec, (NIL_P(ec->errinfo) ? TAG_NONE : TAG_RAISE));
         return status;
     }
     ruby_init_stack((void *)&status);
@@ -432,7 +439,7 @@ rb_class_modify_check(VALUE klass)
 
         if (FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
             desc = "object";
-            klass = rb_ivar_get(klass, id__attached__);
+            klass = RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(klass);
             if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P(klass)) {
                 switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(klass)) {
                   case T_MODULE:
@@ -511,7 +518,7 @@ exc_setup_message(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE mesg, VALUE *cause)
         nocause = 0;
         nocircular = 1;
     }
-    if (*cause == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(*cause)) {
         if (nocause) {
             *cause = Qnil;
             nocircular = 1;
@@ -527,13 +534,17 @@ exc_setup_message(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE mesg, VALUE *cause)
         rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "exception object expected");
     }
 
-    if (!nocircular && !NIL_P(*cause) && *cause != Qundef && *cause != mesg) {
+    if (!nocircular && !NIL_P(*cause) && !UNDEF_P(*cause) && *cause != mesg) {
+#if 0 /* maybe critical for some cases */
+        rb_exc_check_circular_cause(*cause);
+#else
         VALUE c = *cause;
         while (!NIL_P(c = rb_attr_get(c, id_cause))) {
             if (c == mesg) {
                 rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "circular causes");
             }
         }
+#endif
     }
     return mesg;
 }
@@ -546,18 +557,18 @@ setup_exception(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int tag, volatile VALUE mesg, VALUE
     const char *file = rb_source_location_cstr(&line);
     const char *const volatile file0 = file;
 
-    if ((file && !NIL_P(mesg)) || (cause != Qundef))  {
+    if ((file && !NIL_P(mesg)) || !UNDEF_P(cause))  {
         volatile int state = 0;
 
         EC_PUSH_TAG(ec);
         if (EC_EXEC_TAG() == TAG_NONE && !(state = rb_ec_set_raised(ec))) {
             VALUE bt = rb_get_backtrace(mesg);
-            if (!NIL_P(bt) || cause == Qundef) {
+            if (!NIL_P(bt) || UNDEF_P(cause)) {
                 if (OBJ_FROZEN(mesg)) {
                     mesg = rb_obj_dup(mesg);
                 }
             }
-            if (cause != Qundef && !THROW_DATA_P(cause)) {
+            if (!UNDEF_P(cause) && !THROW_DATA_P(cause)) {
                 exc_setup_cause(mesg, cause);
             }
             if (NIL_P(bt)) {
@@ -630,10 +641,14 @@ setup_exception(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int tag, volatile VALUE mesg, VALUE
 void
 rb_ec_setup_exception(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE mesg, VALUE cause)
 {
-    if (cause == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(cause)) {
         cause = get_ec_errinfo(ec);
     }
     if (cause != mesg) {
+        if (THROW_DATA_P(cause)) {
+            cause = Qnil;
+        }
+
         rb_ivar_set(mesg, id_cause, cause);
     }
 }
@@ -725,7 +740,7 @@ rb_f_raise(int argc, VALUE *argv)
 
     argc = extract_raise_opts(argc, argv, opts);
     if (argc == 0) {
-        if (*cause != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(*cause)) {
             rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "only cause is given with no arguments");
         }
         err = get_errinfo();
@@ -801,7 +816,7 @@ make_exception(int argc, const VALUE *argv, int isstr)
     if (NIL_P(mesg)) {
         mesg = rb_check_funcall(argv[0], idException, argc != 1, &argv[1]);
     }
-    if (mesg == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(mesg)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "exception class/object expected");
     }
     if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(mesg, rb_eException)) {
@@ -1326,14 +1341,21 @@ rb_using_module(const rb_cref_t *cref, VALUE module)
 {
     Check_Type(module, T_MODULE);
     using_module_recursive(cref, module);
-    rb_clear_method_cache_all();
+    rb_clear_all_refinement_method_cache();
 }
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     refined_class    -> class
+ *     target    -> class_or_module
  *
- *  Return the class refined by the receiver.
+ *  Return the class or module refined by the receiver.
+ *
+ *     module M
+ *       refine String do
+ *       end
+ *     end
+ *
+ *     M.refinements[0].target # => String
  */
 VALUE
 rb_refinement_module_get_refined_class(VALUE module)
@@ -1344,6 +1366,21 @@ rb_refinement_module_get_refined_class(VALUE module)
     return rb_attr_get(module, id_refined_class);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     refined_class    -> class
+ *
+ *  Deprecated; prefer #target.
+ *
+ *  Return the class refined by the receiver.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_refinement_refined_class(VALUE module)
+{
+    rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove("3.4", "Refinement#refined_class", "Refinement#target");
+    return rb_refinement_module_get_refined_class(module);
+}
+
 static void
 add_activated_refinement(VALUE activated_refinements,
                          VALUE klass, VALUE refinement)
@@ -1792,10 +1829,12 @@ top_include(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 top_using(VALUE self, VALUE module)
 {
-    const rb_cref_t *cref = rb_vm_cref();
+    const rb_cref_t *cref = CREF_NEXT(rb_vm_cref());;
     rb_control_frame_t *prev_cfp = previous_frame(GET_EC());
+    rb_thread_t *th = GET_THREAD();
 
-    if (CREF_NEXT(cref) || (prev_cfp && rb_vm_frame_method_entry(prev_cfp))) {
+    if ((th->top_wrapper ? CREF_NEXT(cref) : cref) ||
+        (prev_cfp && rb_vm_frame_method_entry(prev_cfp))) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "main.using is permitted only at toplevel");
     }
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
@@ -2050,7 +2089,8 @@ Init_eval(void)
                                rb_mod_s_used_refinements, 0);
     rb_undef_method(rb_cClass, "refine");
     rb_define_private_method(rb_cRefinement, "import_methods", refinement_import_methods, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cRefinement, "refined_class", rb_refinement_module_get_refined_class, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cRefinement, "target", rb_refinement_module_get_refined_class, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cRefinement, "refined_class", rb_refinement_refined_class, 0);
     rb_undef_method(rb_cRefinement, "append_features");
     rb_undef_method(rb_cRefinement, "prepend_features");
     rb_undef_method(rb_cRefinement, "extend_object");
@@ -2079,3 +2119,21 @@ Init_eval(void)
     id_signo = rb_intern_const("signo");
     id_status = rb_intern_const("status");
 }
+
+int
+rb_errno(void)
+{
+    return *rb_orig_errno_ptr();
+}
+
+void
+rb_errno_set(int e)
+{
+    *rb_orig_errno_ptr() = e;
+}
+
+int *
+rb_errno_ptr(void)
+{
+    return rb_orig_errno_ptr();
+}
diff --git a/eval_error.c b/eval_error.c
index 6582b805aa..bdce295f6e 100644
--- a/eval_error.c
+++ b/eval_error.c
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
     (NIL_P(str) ? warn_print(x) : (void)rb_str_cat_cstr(str, x))
 #define write_warn2(str, x, l) \
     (NIL_P(str) ? warn_print2(x, l) : (void)rb_str_cat(str, x, l))
+#define write_warn_enc(str, x, l, enc) \
+    (NIL_P(str) ? warn_print2(x, l) : (void)rb_enc_str_buf_cat(str, x, l, enc))
 #ifdef HAVE_BUILTIN___BUILTIN_CONSTANT_P
 #define warn_print(x) RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK(	\
     (__builtin_constant_p(x)) ? 		\
@@ -73,12 +75,6 @@ set_backtrace(VALUE info, VALUE bt)
     rb_check_funcall(info, set_backtrace, 1, &bt);
 }
 
-static void
-error_print(rb_execution_context_t *ec)
-{
-    rb_ec_error_print(ec, ec->errinfo);
-}
-
 #define CSI_BEGIN "\033["
 #define CSI_SGR "m"
 
@@ -109,7 +105,7 @@ print_errinfo(const VALUE eclass, const VALUE errat, const VALUE emesg, const VA
         if (highlight) write_warn(str, underline);
         write_warn(str, "unhandled exception");
         if (highlight) write_warn(str, reset);
-        write_warn2(str, "\n", 1);
+        write_warn(str, "\n");
     }
     else {
         VALUE epath;
@@ -133,13 +129,17 @@ rb_decorate_message(const VALUE eclass, const VALUE emesg, int highlight)
 {
     const char *einfo = "";
     long elen = 0;
+    rb_encoding *eenc;
 
-    VALUE str = rb_str_new2("");
+    VALUE str = rb_usascii_str_new_cstr("");
 
-    if (!NIL_P(emesg)) {
+    if (!NIL_P(emesg) && rb_enc_asciicompat(eenc = rb_enc_get(emesg))) {
         einfo = RSTRING_PTR(emesg);
         elen = RSTRING_LEN(emesg);
     }
+    else {
+        eenc = NULL;
+    }
     if (eclass == rb_eRuntimeError && elen == 0) {
         if (highlight) write_warn(str, underline);
         write_warn(str, "unhandled exception");
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ rb_decorate_message(const VALUE eclass, const VALUE emesg, int highlight)
             if (RSTRING_PTR(epath)[0] == '#')
                 epath = 0;
             if ((tail = memchr(einfo, '\n', elen)) != 0) {
-                write_warn2(str, einfo, tail - einfo);
+                write_warn_enc(str, einfo, tail - einfo, eenc);
                 tail++;		/* skip newline */
             }
             else {
@@ -176,23 +176,23 @@ rb_decorate_message(const VALUE eclass, const VALUE emesg, int highlight)
                     write_warn(str, reset);
                     write_warn(str, bold);
                 }
-                write_warn2(str, ")", 1);
+                write_warn(str, ")");
                 if (highlight) write_warn(str, reset);
             }
             if (tail && einfo+elen > tail) {
                 if (!highlight) {
-                    write_warn2(str, "\n", 1);
-                    write_warn2(str, tail, einfo+elen-tail);
+                    write_warn(str, "\n");
+                    write_warn_enc(str, tail, einfo+elen-tail, eenc);
                 }
                 else {
                     elen -= tail - einfo;
                     einfo = tail;
-                    write_warn2(str, "\n", 1);
+                    write_warn(str, "\n");
                     while (elen > 0) {
                         tail = memchr(einfo, '\n', elen);
                         if (!tail || tail > einfo) {
                             write_warn(str, bold);
-                            write_warn2(str, einfo, tail ? tail-einfo : elen);
+                            write_warn_enc(str, einfo, tail ? tail-einfo : elen, eenc);
                             write_warn(str, reset);
                             if (!tail) {
                                 break;
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ rb_decorate_message(const VALUE eclass, const VALUE emesg, int highlight)
                         elen -= tail - einfo;
                         einfo = tail;
                         do ++tail; while (tail < einfo+elen && *tail == '\n');
-                        write_warn2(str, einfo, tail-einfo);
+                        write_warn_enc(str, einfo, tail-einfo, eenc);
                         elen -= tail - einfo;
                         einfo = tail;
                     }
@@ -297,6 +297,17 @@ show_cause(VALUE errinfo, VALUE str, VALUE opt, VALUE highlight, VALUE reverse,
 }
 
 void
+rb_exc_check_circular_cause(VALUE exc)
+{
+    VALUE cause = exc, shown_causes = 0;
+    do {
+        if (shown_cause_p(cause, &shown_causes)) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "circular causes");
+        }
+    } while (!NIL_P(cause = rb_attr_get(cause, id_cause)));
+}
+
+void
 rb_error_write(VALUE errinfo, VALUE emesg, VALUE errat, VALUE str, VALUE opt, VALUE highlight, VALUE reverse)
 {
     volatile VALUE eclass;
@@ -306,7 +317,7 @@ rb_error_write(VALUE errinfo, VALUE emesg, VALUE errat, VALUE str, VALUE opt, VA
     if (NIL_P(errinfo))
         return;
 
-    if (errat == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(errat)) {
         errat = Qnil;
     }
     eclass = CLASS_OF(errinfo);
@@ -338,13 +349,13 @@ rb_error_write(VALUE errinfo, VALUE emesg, VALUE errat, VALUE str, VALUE opt, VA
     }
 }
 
-void
-rb_ec_error_print(rb_execution_context_t * volatile ec, volatile VALUE errinfo)
+static void
+rb_ec_error_print_detailed(rb_execution_context_t *const ec, const VALUE errinfo, const VALUE str, VALUE emesg0)
 {
     volatile uint8_t raised_flag = ec->raised_flag;
     volatile VALUE errat = Qundef;
-    volatile VALUE emesg = Qundef;
     volatile bool written = false;
+    volatile VALUE emesg = emesg0;
 
     VALUE opt = rb_hash_new();
     VALUE highlight = rb_stderr_tty_p() ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
@@ -358,14 +369,14 @@ rb_ec_error_print(rb_execution_context_t * volatile ec, volatile VALUE errinfo)
     if (EC_EXEC_TAG() == TAG_NONE) {
         errat = rb_get_backtrace(errinfo);
     }
-    if (emesg == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(emesg)) {
         emesg = Qnil;
         emesg = rb_get_detailed_message(errinfo, opt);
     }
 
     if (!written) {
         written = true;
-        rb_error_write(errinfo, emesg, errat, Qnil, opt, highlight, Qfalse);
+        rb_error_write(errinfo, emesg, errat, str, opt, highlight, Qfalse);
     }
 
     EC_POP_TAG();
@@ -373,6 +384,12 @@ rb_ec_error_print(rb_execution_context_t * volatile ec, volatile VALUE errinfo)
     rb_ec_raised_set(ec, raised_flag);
 }
 
+void
+rb_ec_error_print(rb_execution_context_t *volatile ec, volatile VALUE errinfo)
+{
+    rb_ec_error_print_detailed(ec, errinfo, Qnil, Qundef);
+}
+
 #define undef_mesg_for(v, k) rb_fstring_lit("undefined"v" method `%1$s' for "k" `%2$s'")
 #define undef_mesg(v) ( \
         is_mod ? \
@@ -429,11 +446,63 @@ sysexit_status(VALUE err)
     return NUM2INT(st);
 }
 
+enum {
+    EXITING_WITH_MESSAGE = 1,
+    EXITING_WITH_STATUS = 2,
+    EXITING_WITH_SIGNAL = 4
+};
+static int
+exiting_split(VALUE errinfo, volatile int *exitcode, volatile int *sigstatus)
+{
+    int ex = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    VALUE signo;
+    int sig = 0;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    if (NIL_P(errinfo)) return 0;
+
+    if (THROW_DATA_P(errinfo)) {
+        int throw_state = ((const struct vm_throw_data *)errinfo)->throw_state;
+        ex = throw_state & VM_THROW_STATE_MASK;
+        result |= EXITING_WITH_STATUS;
+    }
+    else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(errinfo, rb_eSystemExit)) {
+        ex = sysexit_status(errinfo);
+        result |= EXITING_WITH_STATUS;
+    }
+    else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(errinfo, rb_eSignal)) {
+        signo = rb_ivar_get(errinfo, id_signo);
+        sig = FIX2INT(signo);
+        result |= EXITING_WITH_SIGNAL;
+        /* no message when exiting by signal */
+        if (signo == INT2FIX(SIGSEGV) || !rb_obj_is_instance_of(errinfo, rb_eSignal))
+            /* except for SEGV and subclasses */
+            result |= EXITING_WITH_MESSAGE;
+    }
+    else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(errinfo, rb_eSystemCallError) &&
+        FIXNUM_P(signo = rb_attr_get(errinfo, id_signo))) {
+        sig = FIX2INT(signo);
+        result |= EXITING_WITH_SIGNAL;
+        /* no message when exiting by error to be mapped to signal */
+    }
+    else {
+        ex = EXIT_FAILURE;
+        result |= EXITING_WITH_STATUS | EXITING_WITH_MESSAGE;
+    }
+
+    if (exitcode && (result & EXITING_WITH_STATUS))
+        *exitcode = ex;
+    if (sigstatus && (result & EXITING_WITH_SIGNAL))
+        *sigstatus = sig;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
 #define unknown_longjmp_status(status) \
     rb_bug("Unknown longjmp status %d", status)
 
 static int
-error_handle(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int ex)
+error_handle(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE errinfo, enum ruby_tag_type ex)
 {
     int status = EXIT_FAILURE;
 
@@ -469,26 +538,13 @@ error_handle(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int ex)
         error_pos(Qnil);
         warn_print("unexpected throw\n");
         break;
-      case TAG_RAISE: {
-        VALUE errinfo = ec->errinfo;
-        if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(errinfo, rb_eSystemExit)) {
-            status = sysexit_status(errinfo);
-        }
-        else if (rb_obj_is_instance_of(errinfo, rb_eSignal) &&
-                 rb_ivar_get(errinfo, id_signo) != INT2FIX(SIGSEGV)) {
-            /* no message when exiting by signal */
+      case TAG_RAISE:
+        if (!(exiting_split(errinfo, &status, NULL) & EXITING_WITH_MESSAGE)) {
+            break;
         }
-        else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(errinfo, rb_eSystemCallError) &&
-                 FIXNUM_P(rb_attr_get(errinfo, id_signo))) {
-            /* no message when exiting by error to be mapped to signal */
-        }
-        else {
-            rb_ec_error_print(ec, errinfo);
-        }
-        break;
-      }
+        /* fallthrough */
       case TAG_FATAL:
-        error_print(ec);
+        rb_ec_error_print(ec, errinfo);
         break;
       default:
         unknown_longjmp_status(ex);
diff --git a/eval_intern.h b/eval_intern.h
index 6cbaa51361..d008b17ca1 100644
--- a/eval_intern.h
+++ b/eval_intern.h
@@ -110,9 +110,11 @@ extern int select_large_fdset(int, fd_set *, fd_set *, fd_set *, struct timeval
   _tag.tag = Qundef; \
   _tag.prev = _ec->tag; \
   _tag.lock_rec = rb_ec_vm_lock_rec(_ec); \
+  rb_vm_tag_jmpbuf_init(&_tag.buf); \
 
 #define EC_POP_TAG() \
   _ec->tag = _tag.prev; \
+  rb_vm_tag_jmpbuf_deinit(&_tag.buf); \
 } while (0)
 
 #define EC_TMPPOP_TAG() \
@@ -151,6 +153,7 @@ rb_ec_tag_state(const rb_execution_context_t *ec)
     enum ruby_tag_type state = tag->state;
     tag->state = TAG_NONE;
     rb_ec_vm_lock_rec_check(ec, tag->lock_rec);
+    RBIMPL_ASSUME(state != TAG_NONE);
     return state;
 }
 
@@ -158,8 +161,9 @@ NORETURN(static inline void rb_ec_tag_jump(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, enu
 static inline void
 rb_ec_tag_jump(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, enum ruby_tag_type st)
 {
+    RUBY_ASSERT(st != TAG_NONE);
     ec->tag->state = st;
-    ruby_longjmp(ec->tag->buf, 1);
+    ruby_longjmp(RB_VM_TAG_JMPBUF_GET(ec->tag->buf), 1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -167,7 +171,7 @@ rb_ec_tag_jump(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, enum ruby_tag_type st)
   [ISO/IEC 9899:1999] 7.13.1.1
 */
 #define EC_EXEC_TAG() \
-    (ruby_setjmp(_tag.buf) ? rb_ec_tag_state(VAR_FROM_MEMORY(_ec)) : (EC_REPUSH_TAG(), 0))
+    (UNLIKELY(ruby_setjmp(RB_VM_TAG_JMPBUF_GET(_tag.buf))) ? rb_ec_tag_state(VAR_FROM_MEMORY(_ec)) : (EC_REPUSH_TAG(), 0))
 
 #define EC_JUMP_TAG(ec, st) rb_ec_tag_jump(ec, st)
 
diff --git a/eval_jump.c b/eval_jump.c
index a6139bc27b..e8e74f4e70 100644
--- a/eval_jump.c
+++ b/eval_jump.c
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ rb_ec_exec_end_proc(rb_execution_context_t * ec)
     }
     else {
         EC_TMPPOP_TAG();
-        error_handle(ec, state);
+        error_handle(ec, ec->errinfo, state);
         if (!NIL_P(ec->errinfo)) errinfo = ec->errinfo;
         EC_REPUSH_TAG();
         goto again;
diff --git a/ext/-test-/RUBY_ALIGNOF/depend b/ext/-test-/RUBY_ALIGNOF/depend
index 21ef8c6dd0..3011b637e5 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/RUBY_ALIGNOF/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/RUBY_ALIGNOF/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 c.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/arith_seq/beg_len_step/depend b/ext/-test-/arith_seq/beg_len_step/depend
index 36a2c4c71b..dc807eaa99 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/arith_seq/beg_len_step/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/arith_seq/beg_len_step/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 beg_len_step.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/arith_seq/extract/depend b/ext/-test-/arith_seq/extract/depend
index 57cbaa9a0c..231736b277 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/arith_seq/extract/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/arith_seq/extract/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 extract.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/array/concat/depend b/ext/-test-/array/concat/depend
index 79c833738e..d66e7a540f 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/array/concat/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/array/concat/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 to_ary_concat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/array/resize/depend b/ext/-test-/array/resize/depend
index 49e0f346d3..a9c02b3db2 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/array/resize/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/array/resize/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 resize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/bignum/depend b/ext/-test-/bignum/depend
index d4072fb35c..d4392bb6a1 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/bignum/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/bignum/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 big2str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -211,6 +210,7 @@ bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -270,7 +270,6 @@ bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -301,7 +300,6 @@ bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bigzero.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -371,6 +369,7 @@ div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -430,7 +429,6 @@ div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -461,7 +459,6 @@ div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 div.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -532,6 +529,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -591,7 +589,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -622,7 +619,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -691,6 +687,7 @@ intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -750,7 +747,6 @@ intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -781,7 +777,6 @@ intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 intpack.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -851,6 +846,7 @@ mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -910,7 +906,6 @@ mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -941,7 +936,6 @@ mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 mul.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1011,6 +1005,7 @@ str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1070,7 +1065,6 @@ str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1101,7 +1095,6 @@ str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 str2big.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/bug-14834/depend b/ext/-test-/bug-14834/depend
index 7bac8409e8..bf26a571aa 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/bug-14834/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/bug-14834/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bug-14384.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/bug-3571/depend b/ext/-test-/bug-3571/depend
index 2303f47594..9105093b0d 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/bug-3571/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/bug-3571/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/bug-5832/depend b/ext/-test-/bug-5832/depend
index 2303f47594..9105093b0d 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/bug-5832/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/bug-5832/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/bug_reporter/depend b/ext/-test-/bug_reporter/depend
index 603dd53ebf..20882708d1 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/bug_reporter/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/bug_reporter/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bug_reporter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/class/depend b/ext/-test-/class/depend
index a615eacd74..0a805f815e 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/class/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/class/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 class2name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -211,6 +210,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -270,7 +270,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -301,7 +300,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/debug/depend b/ext/-test-/debug/depend
index c3a0c278aa..5feeea6d98 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/debug/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/debug/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 inspector.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -372,6 +370,7 @@ profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -431,7 +430,6 @@ profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -462,7 +460,6 @@ profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 profile_frames.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/debug/profile_frames.c b/ext/-test-/debug/profile_frames.c
index d2bba7d183..f9a77a5a78 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/debug/profile_frames.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/debug/profile_frames.c
@@ -37,8 +37,29 @@ profile_frames(VALUE self, VALUE start_v, VALUE num_v)
     return result;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+profile_thread_frames(VALUE self, VALUE thread, VALUE start_v, VALUE num_v)
+{
+    int i, collected_size;
+    int start = NUM2INT(start_v);
+    int buff_size = NUM2INT(num_v);
+    VALUE buff[MAX_BUF_SIZE];
+    int lines[MAX_BUF_SIZE];
+    VALUE result = rb_ary_new();
+
+    if (buff_size > MAX_BUF_SIZE) rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "too long buff_size");
+
+    collected_size = rb_profile_thread_frames(thread, start, buff_size, buff, lines);
+    for (i=0; i<collected_size; i++) {
+        rb_ary_push(result, rb_profile_frame_full_label(buff[i]));
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
 void
 Init_profile_frames(VALUE klass)
 {
     rb_define_module_function(klass, "profile_frames", profile_frames, 2);
+    rb_define_module_function(klass, "profile_thread_frames", profile_thread_frames, 3);
 }
diff --git a/ext/-test-/dln/empty/depend b/ext/-test-/dln/empty/depend
index e16082a7dc..a460159087 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/dln/empty/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/dln/empty/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 empty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/enumerator_kw/depend b/ext/-test-/enumerator_kw/depend
index 14a9557e41..49ea495421 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/enumerator_kw/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/enumerator_kw/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 enumerator_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/exception/depend b/ext/-test-/exception/depend
index e00f0b279d..818b4c79df 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/exception/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/exception/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 dataerror.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -280,7 +280,6 @@ enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -311,7 +310,6 @@ enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 enc_raise.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -383,6 +381,7 @@ ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -442,7 +441,6 @@ ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -473,7 +471,6 @@ ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ensured.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -543,6 +540,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -602,7 +600,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -633,7 +630,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/fatal/depend b/ext/-test-/fatal/depend
index 5b1adb6607..730a72e52a 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/fatal/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/fatal/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rb_fatal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/file/depend b/ext/-test-/file/depend
index f0fffc2485..662136f1ba 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/file/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/file/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -120,7 +121,6 @@ fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 fs.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -224,6 +223,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -283,7 +283,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -314,7 +313,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -384,6 +382,7 @@ stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -452,7 +451,6 @@ stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -483,7 +481,6 @@ stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 stat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/float/depend b/ext/-test-/float/depend
index 9391a445a3..9580a0416c 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/float/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/float/depend
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -114,7 +115,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -215,6 +214,7 @@ nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -274,7 +274,6 @@ nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -305,7 +304,6 @@ nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 nextafter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/funcall/depend b/ext/-test-/funcall/depend
index 24e8c54bd9..6719e4e676 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/funcall/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/funcall/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 funcall.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/depend b/ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/depend
index cd184aa01c..a4987a65ca 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/gvl/call_without_gvl/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 call_without_gvl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/hash/depend b/ext/-test-/hash/depend
index a8bc47e640..58d9a6247e 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/hash/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/hash/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 delete.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/integer/depend b/ext/-test-/integer/depend
index b12159f308..b68a68ce73 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/integer/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/integer/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 core_ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -220,6 +219,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -279,7 +279,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -310,7 +309,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -380,6 +378,7 @@ my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -439,7 +438,6 @@ my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -470,7 +468,6 @@ my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 my_integer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/iseq_load/depend b/ext/-test-/iseq_load/depend
index 308956550c..30deb6e039 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/iseq_load/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/iseq_load/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 iseq_load.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/iter/depend b/ext/-test-/iter/depend
index d14c164cd4..077a283532 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/iter/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/iter/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 break.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -372,6 +370,7 @@ yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -431,7 +430,6 @@ yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -462,7 +460,6 @@ yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 yield.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/dot.dot/depend b/ext/-test-/load/dot.dot/depend
index d8b8937c3c..be835d3ea5 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/load/dot.dot/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/dot.dot/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 dot.dot.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/protect/depend b/ext/-test-/load/protect/depend
index dd4ee71b62..57cf029901 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/load/protect/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/protect/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 protect.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver/extconf.rb b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver/extconf.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2299efcfd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver/extconf.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create_makefile('-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver')
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver/resolve_symbol_resolver.c b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver/resolve_symbol_resolver.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a856319cfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_resolver/resolve_symbol_resolver.c
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/load.h"
+
+typedef VALUE(*target_func)(VALUE);
+
+static target_func rst_any_method;
+
+VALUE
+rsr_any_method(VALUE klass)
+{
+    return rst_any_method((VALUE)NULL);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rsr_try_resolve_fname(VALUE klass)
+{
+    target_func rst_something_missing =
+        (target_func) rb_ext_resolve_symbol("-test-/load/resolve_symbol_missing", "rst_any_method");
+    if (rst_something_missing == NULL) {
+        // This should be done in Init_*, so the error is LoadError
+        rb_raise(rb_eLoadError, "symbol not found: missing fname");
+    }
+    return Qtrue;
+}
+
+VALUE
+rsr_try_resolve_sname(VALUE klass)
+{
+    target_func rst_something_missing =
+        (target_func)rb_ext_resolve_symbol("-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target", "rst_something_missing");
+    if (rst_something_missing == NULL) {
+        // This should be done in Init_*, so the error is LoadError
+        rb_raise(rb_eLoadError, "symbol not found: missing sname");
+    }
+    return Qtrue;
+}
+
+void
+Init_resolve_symbol_resolver(void)
+{
+    /*
+     * Resolving symbols at the head of Init_ because it raises LoadError (in cases).
+     * If the module and methods are defined before raising LoadError, retrying `require "this.so"` will
+     * cause re-defining those methods (and will be warned).
+     */
+    rst_any_method = (target_func)rb_ext_resolve_symbol("-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target", "rst_any_method");
+    if (rst_any_method == NULL) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eLoadError, "resolve_symbol_target is not loaded");
+    }
+
+    VALUE mod = rb_define_module("ResolveSymbolResolver");
+    rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "any_method", rsr_any_method, 0);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "try_resolve_fname", rsr_try_resolve_fname, 0);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "try_resolve_sname", rsr_try_resolve_sname, 0);
+}
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/extconf.rb b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/extconf.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b5a99ca7f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/extconf.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create_makefile('-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target')
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.c b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b5bc9e8ee0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "resolve_symbol_target.h"
+
+VALUE
+rst_any_method(VALUE klass)
+{
+    return rb_str_new_cstr("from target");
+}
+
+void
+Init_resolve_symbol_target(void)
+{
+    VALUE mod = rb_define_module("ResolveSymbolTarget");
+    rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "any_method", rst_any_method, 0);
+}
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.def b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.def
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2ed3610fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.def
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+LIBRARY resolve_symbol_target
+EXPORTS
+  Init_resolve_symbol_target
+  rst_any_method
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.h b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d471bf360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/resolve_symbol_target/resolve_symbol_target.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rst_any_method(VALUE);
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/stringify_symbols/extconf.rb b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_symbols/extconf.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac39c15f09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_symbols/extconf.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create_makefile('-test-/load/stringify_symbols')
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/stringify_symbols/stringify_symbols.c b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_symbols/stringify_symbols.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..11a5ee3bc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_symbols/stringify_symbols.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "ruby/internal/intern/load.h"
+#include "ruby/util.h"
+
+#if SIZEOF_INTPTR_T == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+#   define UINTPTR2NUM ULL2NUM
+#elif SIZEOF_INTPTR_T == SIZEOF_LONG
+#   define UINTPTR2NUM ULONG2NUM
+#else
+#   define UINTPTR2NUM UINT2NUM
+#endif
+
+static VALUE
+stringify_symbol(VALUE klass, VALUE fname, VALUE sname)
+{
+    void *ptr = rb_ext_resolve_symbol(StringValueCStr(fname), StringValueCStr(sname));
+    if (ptr == NULL) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+    uintptr_t uintptr = (uintptr_t)ptr;
+    return UINTPTR2NUM(uintptr);
+}
+
+void
+Init_stringify_symbols(void)
+{
+    VALUE mod = rb_define_module("StringifySymbols");
+    rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "stringify_symbol", stringify_symbol, 2);
+}
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/extconf.rb b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/extconf.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4aa201cb09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/extconf.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create_makefile('-test-/load/stringify_target')
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.c b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce09b8fd77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "stringify_target.h"
+
+VALUE
+stt_any_method(VALUE klass)
+{
+    return rb_str_new_cstr("from target");
+}
+
+void
+Init_stringify_target(void)
+{
+    VALUE mod = rb_define_module("StringifyTarget");
+    rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "any_method", stt_any_method, 0);
+}
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.def b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.def
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89c2b762de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.def
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+LIBRARY stringify_target
+EXPORTS
+  Init_stringify_target
+  stt_any_method
diff --git a/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.h b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5081f8cbd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/load/stringify_target/stringify_target.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE stt_any_method(VALUE);
diff --git a/ext/-test-/marshal/compat/depend b/ext/-test-/marshal/compat/depend
index 2c3ecf1ab9..ff675ccabb 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/marshal/compat/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/marshal/compat/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 usrcompat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/depend b/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/depend
index cacb54a1a7..4fe36834d8 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 internal_ivar.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/internal_ivar.c b/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/internal_ivar.c
index de0cf711aa..b2188f737a 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/internal_ivar.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/marshal/internal_ivar/internal_ivar.c
@@ -36,10 +36,7 @@ Init_internal_ivar(void)
     VALUE newclass = rb_define_class_under(mMarshal, "InternalIVar", rb_cObject);
 
     id_normal_ivar = rb_intern_const("normal");
-#if 0
-    /* leave id_internal_ivar being 0 */
-    id_internal_ivar = rb_make_internal_id();
-#endif
+    id_internal_ivar = rb_intern_const("K");
     id_encoding_short = rb_intern_const("E");
     rb_define_method(newclass, "initialize", init, 3);
     rb_define_method(newclass, "normal", get_normal, 0);
diff --git a/ext/-test-/marshal/usr/depend b/ext/-test-/marshal/usr/depend
index 717101cbcf..1d56cc8202 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/marshal/usr/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/marshal/usr/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 usrmarshal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/memory_status/depend b/ext/-test-/memory_status/depend
index a65fe66ae3..52e2fe8e1f 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/memory_status/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/memory_status/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 memory_status.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/memory_view/depend b/ext/-test-/memory_view/depend
index 7ce2d0374c..c9ef06a15c 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/memory_view/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/memory_view/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/method/depend b/ext/-test-/method/depend
index 85cf4d174a..dbf513f48f 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/method/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/method/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 arity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/notimplement/depend b/ext/-test-/notimplement/depend
index 2303f47594..9105093b0d 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/notimplement/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/notimplement/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bug.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/num2int/depend b/ext/-test-/num2int/depend
index a3283838dd..4e05d1e8c1 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/num2int/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/num2int/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 num2int.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/num2int/num2int.c b/ext/-test-/num2int/num2int.c
index 3aec3ccf3b..63a441fda6 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/num2int/num2int.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/num2int/num2int.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2short(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%d", NUM2SHORT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", NUM2SHORT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2ushort(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%u", NUM2USHORT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", NUM2USHORT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2int(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%d", NUM2INT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", NUM2INT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2uint(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%u", NUM2UINT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", NUM2UINT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2long(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%ld", NUM2LONG(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld", NUM2LONG(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2ulong(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%lu", NUM2ULONG(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lu", NUM2ULONG(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2ll(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%"PRI_LL_PREFIX"d", NUM2LL(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRI_LL_PREFIX"d", NUM2LL(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_num2ull(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%"PRI_LL_PREFIX"u", NUM2ULL(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRI_LL_PREFIX"u", NUM2ULL(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 #endif
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_fix2short(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%d", FIX2SHORT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", FIX2SHORT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_fix2int(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%d", FIX2INT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", FIX2INT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_fix2uint(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%u", FIX2UINT(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", FIX2UINT(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_fix2long(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%ld", FIX2LONG(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld", FIX2LONG(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ static VALUE
 test_fix2ulong(VALUE obj, VALUE num)
 {
     char buf[128];
-    sprintf(buf, "%lu", FIX2ULONG(num));
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lu", FIX2ULONG(num));
     return rb_str_new_cstr(buf);
 }
 
diff --git a/ext/-test-/path_to_class/depend b/ext/-test-/path_to_class/depend
index 17f8e957c3..8fe6ee37c2 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/path_to_class/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/path_to_class/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 path_to_class.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/depend b/ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/depend
index 22da87f2fe..fb58ca30e9 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/popen_deadlock/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 infinite_loop_dlsym.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/postponed_job/depend b/ext/-test-/postponed_job/depend
index 35aca7f2b0..e44d9d51b7 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/postponed_job/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/postponed_job/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -112,7 +113,6 @@ postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@ postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 postponed_job.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/postponed_job/postponed_job.c b/ext/-test-/postponed_job/postponed_job.c
index fa57bef6f5..9ac866ae77 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/postponed_job/postponed_job.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/postponed_job/postponed_job.c
@@ -1,6 +1,29 @@
 #include "ruby.h"
 #include "ruby/debug.h"
 
+// We're testing deprecated things, don't print the compiler warnings
+#if 0
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4996)
+
+#elif defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#pragma warning(disable : 1786)
+
+#elif defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+
+#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+#pragma error_messages (off,symdeprecated)
+
+#else
+// :FIXME: improve here for your compiler.
+
+#endif
+
 static int counter;
 
 static void
@@ -58,6 +81,22 @@ pjob_call_direct(VALUE self, VALUE obj)
     return self;
 }
 
+static void pjob_noop_callback(void *data) { }
+
+static VALUE
+pjob_register_one_same(VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_gc_start();
+    int r1 = rb_postponed_job_register_one(0, pjob_noop_callback, NULL);
+    int r2 = rb_postponed_job_register_one(0, pjob_noop_callback, NULL);
+    int r3 = rb_postponed_job_register_one(0, pjob_noop_callback, NULL);
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(r1));
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(r2));
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(r3));
+    return ary;
+}
+
 #ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_H
 #include <pthread.h>
 
@@ -86,6 +125,93 @@ pjob_register_in_c_thread(VALUE self, VALUE obj)
 }
 #endif
 
+static void
+pjob_preregistered_callback(void *data)
+{
+    VALUE ary = (VALUE)data;
+    Check_Type(ary, T_ARRAY);
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(counter));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+pjob_preregister_and_call_with_sleep(VALUE self, VALUE obj)
+{
+    counter = 0;
+    rb_postponed_job_handle_t h = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_preregistered_callback, (void *)obj);
+    counter++;
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_thread_sleep(0);
+    counter++;
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_thread_sleep(0);
+    counter++;
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_thread_sleep(0);
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+pjob_preregister_and_call_without_sleep(VALUE self, VALUE obj)
+{
+    counter = 0;
+    rb_postponed_job_handle_t h = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_preregistered_callback, (void *)obj);
+    counter = 3;
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+pjob_preregister_multiple_times(VALUE self)
+{
+    int r1 = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_noop_callback, NULL);
+    int r2 = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_noop_callback, NULL);
+    int r3 = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_noop_callback, NULL);
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(r1));
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(r2));
+    rb_ary_push(ary, INT2FIX(r3));
+    return ary;
+
+}
+
+struct pjob_append_data_args {
+    VALUE ary;
+    VALUE data;
+};
+
+static void
+pjob_append_data_callback(void *vctx) {
+    struct pjob_append_data_args *ctx = (struct pjob_append_data_args *)vctx;
+    Check_Type(ctx->ary, T_ARRAY);
+    rb_ary_push(ctx->ary, ctx->data);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+pjob_preregister_calls_with_last_argument(VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+
+    struct pjob_append_data_args arg1 = { .ary = ary, .data = INT2FIX(1) };
+    struct pjob_append_data_args arg2 = { .ary = ary, .data = INT2FIX(2) };
+    struct pjob_append_data_args arg3 = { .ary = ary, .data = INT2FIX(3) };
+    struct pjob_append_data_args arg4 = { .ary = ary, .data = INT2FIX(4) };
+
+    rb_postponed_job_handle_t h;
+    h = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_append_data_callback, &arg1);
+    rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_append_data_callback, &arg2);
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_append_data_callback, &arg3);
+    rb_thread_sleep(0); // should execute with arg3
+
+    rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, pjob_append_data_callback, &arg4);
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
+    rb_thread_sleep(0); // should execute with arg4
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
 void
 Init_postponed_job(VALUE self)
 {
@@ -93,8 +219,13 @@ Init_postponed_job(VALUE self)
     rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_register", pjob_register, 1);
     rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_register_one", pjob_register_one, 1);
     rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_call_direct", pjob_call_direct, 1);
+    rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_register_one_same", pjob_register_one_same, 0);
 #ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_H
     rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_register_in_c_thread", pjob_register_in_c_thread, 1);
 #endif
+    rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_preregister_and_call_with_sleep", pjob_preregister_and_call_with_sleep, 1);
+    rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_preregister_and_call_without_sleep", pjob_preregister_and_call_without_sleep, 1);
+    rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_preregister_multiple_times", pjob_preregister_multiple_times, 0);
+    rb_define_module_function(mBug, "postponed_job_preregister_calls_with_last_argument", pjob_preregister_calls_with_last_argument, 0);
 }
 
diff --git a/ext/-test-/printf/depend b/ext/-test-/printf/depend
index 6dfe1fe03d..b397041103 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/printf/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/printf/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 printf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/proc/depend b/ext/-test-/proc/depend
index e3f1cf6ce9..7e78aa6f83 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/proc/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/proc/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 receiver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -372,6 +370,7 @@ super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -431,7 +430,6 @@ super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -462,7 +460,6 @@ super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 super.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/random/bad_version.c b/ext/-test-/random/bad_version.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dae63a6d19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/random/bad_version.c
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#include "ruby/random.h"
+
+#if RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR < RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR_MAX
+# define DEFINE_VERSION_MAX 1
+#else
+# define DEFINE_VERSION_MAX 0
+#endif
+
+NORETURN(static void must_not_reach(void));
+static void
+must_not_reach(void)
+{
+    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "must not reach");
+}
+
+NORETURN(static void bad_version_init(rb_random_t *, const uint32_t *, size_t));
+static void
+bad_version_init(rb_random_t *rnd, const uint32_t *buf, size_t len)
+{
+    must_not_reach();
+}
+
+NORETURN(static void bad_version_init_int32(rb_random_t *, uint32_t));
+RB_RANDOM_DEFINE_INIT_INT32_FUNC(bad_version)
+
+NORETURN(static void bad_version_get_bytes(rb_random_t *, void *, size_t));
+static void
+bad_version_get_bytes(rb_random_t *rnd, void *p, size_t n)
+{
+    must_not_reach();
+}
+
+NORETURN(static uint32_t bad_version_get_int32(rb_random_t *));
+static uint32_t
+bad_version_get_int32(rb_random_t *rnd)
+{
+    must_not_reach();
+    UNREACHABLE_RETURN(0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+bad_version_alloc(VALUE klass, const rb_data_type_t *type)
+{
+    rb_random_t *rnd;
+    VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, rb_random_t, type, rnd);
+    rb_random_base_init(rnd);
+    return obj;
+}
+
+/* version 0 */
+static const rb_random_interface_t random_version_zero_if;
+
+static rb_random_data_type_t version_zero_type = {
+    "random/version_zero",
+    {
+        rb_random_mark,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+    },
+    RB_RANDOM_PARENT,
+    (void *)&random_version_zero_if,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+};
+
+static VALUE
+version_zero_alloc(VALUE klass)
+{
+    return bad_version_alloc(klass, &version_zero_type);
+}
+
+static void
+init_version_zero(VALUE mod, VALUE base)
+{
+    VALUE c = rb_define_class_under(mod, "VersionZero", base);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(c, version_zero_alloc);
+    RB_RANDOM_DATA_INIT_PARENT(version_zero_type);
+}
+
+#if DEFINE_VERSION_MAX
+/* version max */
+static const rb_random_interface_t random_version_max_if;
+static rb_random_data_type_t version_max_type = {
+    "random/version_max",
+    {
+        rb_random_mark,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+    },
+    RB_RANDOM_PARENT,
+    (void *)&random_version_max_if,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+};
+
+static VALUE
+version_max_alloc(VALUE klass)
+{
+    return bad_version_alloc(klass, &version_max_type);
+}
+
+static void
+init_version_max(VALUE mod, VALUE base)
+{
+    VALUE c = rb_define_class_under(mod, "VersionMax", base);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(c, version_max_alloc);
+    RB_RANDOM_DATA_INIT_PARENT(version_max_type);
+}
+#else
+static void
+init_version_max(mod, base)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+Init_random_bad_version(VALUE mod, VALUE base)
+{
+    init_version_zero(mod, base);
+    init_version_max(mod, base);
+}
+
+#undef RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR
+
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR 0
+static const rb_random_interface_t random_version_zero_if = {
+    0,
+    RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(bad_version)
+};
+#undef RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR
+
+#if DEFINE_VERSION_MAX
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR_MAX
+static const rb_random_interface_t random_version_max_if = {
+    0,
+    RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(bad_version)
+};
+#undef RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR
+#endif
diff --git a/ext/-test-/random/depend b/ext/-test-/random/depend
index 602526cf7b..3f9a52be44 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/random/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/random/depend
@@ -1,4 +1,163 @@
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
+bad_version.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
+bad_version.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/random.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
+bad_version.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+bad_version.o: bad_version.c
 init.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 init.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
@@ -52,6 +211,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +271,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +301,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -211,6 +369,7 @@ loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -270,7 +429,6 @@ loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -301,7 +459,6 @@ loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 loop.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/random/loop.c b/ext/-test-/random/loop.c
index 0572096403..b789ab1d01 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/random/loop.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/random/loop.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ static const rb_random_interface_t random_loop_if = {
     RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE_WITH_REAL(loop)
 };
 
+RB_RANDOM_DEFINE_INIT_INT32_FUNC(loop)
 static size_t
 random_loop_memsize(const void *ptr)
 {
diff --git a/ext/-test-/rational/depend b/ext/-test-/rational/depend
index 8729695886..cff2eae38d 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/rational/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/rational/depend
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -115,7 +116,6 @@ rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -146,7 +146,6 @@ rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -174,5 +173,6 @@ rat.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 rat.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 rat.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 rat.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+rat.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
 rat.o: rat.c
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/-test-/rb_call_super_kw/depend b/ext/-test-/rb_call_super_kw/depend
index 3512a081c9..a42ddc85ac 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/rb_call_super_kw/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/rb_call_super_kw/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rb_call_super_kw.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/recursion/depend b/ext/-test-/recursion/depend
index e499f95e73..49377250ef 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/recursion/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/recursion/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 recursion.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/regexp/depend b/ext/-test-/regexp/depend
index fa431e013a..484f0320dd 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/regexp/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/regexp/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 parse_depth_limit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/scan_args/depend b/ext/-test-/scan_args/depend
index 2194936b04..3bedc6a7cf 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/scan_args/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/scan_args/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 scan_args.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/st/foreach/depend b/ext/-test-/st/foreach/depend
index 0464ee3c53..fdfe356805 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/st/foreach/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/st/foreach/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 foreach.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/st/foreach/foreach.c b/ext/-test-/st/foreach/foreach.c
index cde49fb26d..7fbf064694 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/st/foreach/foreach.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/st/foreach/foreach.c
@@ -14,20 +14,20 @@ force_unpack_check(struct checker *c, st_data_t key, st_data_t val)
     if (c->nr == 0) {
         st_data_t i;
 
-        if (c->tbl->bins != NULL) rb_bug("should be packed\n");
+        if (c->tbl->bins != NULL) rb_bug("should be packed");
 
         /* force unpacking during iteration: */
         for (i = 1; i < expect_size; i++)
             st_add_direct(c->tbl, i, i);
 
-        if (c->tbl->bins == NULL) rb_bug("should be unpacked\n");
+        if (c->tbl->bins == NULL) rb_bug("should be unpacked");
     }
 
     if (key != c->nr) {
-        rb_bug("unexpected key: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE")\n", (VALUE)key, (VALUE)c->nr);
+        rb_bug("unexpected key: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE")", (VALUE)key, (VALUE)c->nr);
     }
     if (val != c->nr) {
-        rb_bug("unexpected val: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE")\n", (VALUE)val, (VALUE)c->nr);
+        rb_bug("unexpected val: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE")", (VALUE)val, (VALUE)c->nr);
     }
 
     c->nr++;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ unp_fec_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t args, int error)
             st_data_t v;
 
             if (!st_delete(c->tbl, &k, &v)) {
-                rb_bug("failed to delete\n");
+                rb_bug("failed to delete");
             }
             if (v != 0) {
                 rb_bug("unexpected value deleted: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected 0)", (VALUE)v);
@@ -84,21 +84,21 @@ unp_fec(VALUE self, VALUE test)
 
     st_add_direct(tbl, 0, 0);
 
-    if (tbl->bins != NULL) rb_bug("should still be packed\n");
+    if (tbl->bins != NULL) rb_bug("should still be packed");
 
     st_foreach_check(tbl, unp_fec_i, (st_data_t)&c, -1);
 
     if (c.test == ID2SYM(rb_intern("delete2"))) {
         if (c.nr != 1) {
-            rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected 1)\n", (VALUE)c.nr);
+            rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected 1)", (VALUE)c.nr);
         }
     }
     else if (c.nr != expect_size) {
-        rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE")\n",
+        rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE")",
                 (VALUE)c.nr, (VALUE)expect_size);
     }
 
-    if (tbl->bins == NULL) rb_bug("should be unpacked\n");
+    if (tbl->bins == NULL) rb_bug("should be unpacked");
 
     st_free_table(tbl);
 
@@ -120,14 +120,14 @@ unp_fe_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t args)
             st_data_t v;
 
             if (!st_delete(c->tbl, &k, &v)) {
-                rb_bug("failed to delete\n");
+                rb_bug("failed to delete");
             }
             if (v != 0) {
                 rb_bug("unexpected value deleted: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected 0)", (VALUE)v);
             }
             return ST_CONTINUE;
         }
-        rb_bug("should never get here\n");
+        rb_bug("should never get here");
     }
 
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unexpected arg: %+"PRIsVALUE, c->test);
@@ -145,21 +145,21 @@ unp_fe(VALUE self, VALUE test)
 
     st_add_direct(tbl, 0, 0);
 
-    if (tbl->bins != NULL) rb_bug("should still be packed\n");
+    if (tbl->bins != NULL) rb_bug("should still be packed");
 
     st_foreach(tbl, unp_fe_i, (st_data_t)&c);
 
     if (c.test == ID2SYM(rb_intern("unpack_delete"))) {
         if (c.nr != 1) {
-            rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected 1)\n", (VALUE)c.nr);
+            rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected 1)", (VALUE)c.nr);
         }
     }
     else if (c.nr != expect_size) {
-        rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE"o)\n",
+        rb_bug("mismatched iteration: %"PRIuVALUE" (expected %"PRIuVALUE"o)",
                 (VALUE)c.nr, (VALUE)expect_size);
     }
 
-    if (tbl->bins == NULL) rb_bug("should be unpacked\n");
+    if (tbl->bins == NULL) rb_bug("should be unpacked");
 
     st_free_table(tbl);
 
diff --git a/ext/-test-/st/numhash/depend b/ext/-test-/st/numhash/depend
index 9665ed6e39..ef28c892f3 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/st/numhash/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/st/numhash/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 numhash.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/st/update/depend b/ext/-test-/st/update/depend
index 01960df965..2d5ff224a2 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/st/update/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/st/update/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 update.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/string/cstr.c b/ext/-test-/string/cstr.c
index 468ee7a3b1..b0b1ef5374 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/string/cstr.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/string/cstr.c
@@ -61,18 +61,12 @@ bug_str_unterminated_substring(VALUE str, VALUE vbeg, VALUE vlen)
     if (RSTRING_LEN(str) < beg) rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "beg: %ld", beg);
     if (RSTRING_LEN(str) < beg + len) rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "end: %ld", beg + len);
     str = rb_str_new_shared(str);
+    RSTRING(str)->len = len;
     if (STR_EMBED_P(str)) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
-        RSTRING(str)->as.embed.len = (short)len;
-#else
-        RSTRING(str)->basic.flags &= ~RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK;
-        RSTRING(str)->basic.flags |= len << RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT;
-#endif
         memmove(RSTRING(str)->as.embed.ary, RSTRING(str)->as.embed.ary + beg, len);
     }
     else {
         RSTRING(str)->as.heap.ptr += beg;
-        RSTRING(str)->as.heap.len = len;
     }
     return str;
 }
@@ -116,14 +110,10 @@ bug_str_s_cstr_noembed(VALUE self, VALUE str)
     Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
     FL_SET((str2), STR_NOEMBED);
     memcpy(buf, RSTRING_PTR(str), capacity);
-#if USE_RVARGC
     RBASIC(str2)->flags &= ~(STR_SHARED | FL_USER5 | FL_USER6);
-#else
-    RBASIC(str2)->flags &= ~RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK;
-#endif
     RSTRING(str2)->as.heap.aux.capa = capacity;
     RSTRING(str2)->as.heap.ptr = buf;
-    RSTRING(str2)->as.heap.len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
+    RSTRING(str2)->len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
     TERM_FILL(RSTRING_END(str2), TERM_LEN(str));
     return str2;
 }
diff --git a/ext/-test-/string/depend b/ext/-test-/string/depend
index 773231047e..eeb4914346 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/string/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/string/depend
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -122,7 +123,6 @@ capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -153,7 +153,6 @@ capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 capacity.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -227,6 +226,7 @@ coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -295,7 +295,6 @@ coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -326,7 +325,6 @@ coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 coderange.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -399,6 +397,7 @@ cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -467,7 +466,6 @@ cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -498,7 +496,6 @@ cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 cstr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -573,6 +570,7 @@ ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -632,7 +630,6 @@ ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -663,7 +660,6 @@ ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ellipsize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -734,6 +730,7 @@ enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -802,7 +799,6 @@ enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -833,7 +829,6 @@ enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -852,6 +847,177 @@ enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 enc_associate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 enc_associate.o: enc_associate.c
+enc_dummy.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
+enc_dummy.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/encoding.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/coderange.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/ctype.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/pathname.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/re.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/symbol.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/transcode.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/onigmo.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
+enc_dummy.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+enc_dummy.o: enc_dummy.c
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
@@ -905,6 +1071,7 @@ enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -973,7 +1140,6 @@ enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1004,7 +1170,6 @@ enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 enc_str_buf_cat.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1031,6 +1196,7 @@ fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
@@ -1077,6 +1243,7 @@ fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1145,7 +1312,6 @@ fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1176,7 +1342,6 @@ fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1194,6 +1359,8 @@ fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 fstring.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+fstring.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+fstring.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 fstring.o: fstring.c
 init.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 init.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
@@ -1248,6 +1415,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1307,7 +1475,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1338,7 +1505,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1408,6 +1574,7 @@ modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1467,7 +1634,6 @@ modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1498,7 +1664,6 @@ modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 modify.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1569,6 +1734,7 @@ new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1637,7 +1803,6 @@ new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1668,7 +1833,6 @@ new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1740,6 +1904,7 @@ nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1799,7 +1964,6 @@ nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1830,7 +1994,6 @@ nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 nofree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1900,6 +2063,7 @@ normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1968,7 +2132,6 @@ normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1999,7 +2162,6 @@ normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 normalize.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2073,6 +2235,7 @@ qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2141,7 +2304,6 @@ qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2172,7 +2334,6 @@ qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 qsort.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2245,6 +2406,7 @@ rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2304,7 +2466,6 @@ rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2335,7 +2496,6 @@ rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rb_interned_str.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2405,6 +2565,7 @@ rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2464,7 +2625,6 @@ rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2495,7 +2655,6 @@ rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rb_str_dup.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2565,6 +2724,7 @@ set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2624,7 +2784,6 @@ set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2655,7 +2814,6 @@ set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 set_len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/string/enc_dummy.c b/ext/-test-/string/enc_dummy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4169552655
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/string/enc_dummy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/encoding.h"
+
+VALUE
+bug_rb_define_dummy_encoding(VALUE self, VALUE name)
+{
+    int idx = rb_define_dummy_encoding(RSTRING_PTR(name));
+    return rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_enc_from_index(idx));
+}
+
+void
+Init_string_enc_dummy(VALUE klass)
+{
+    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "rb_define_dummy_encoding", bug_rb_define_dummy_encoding, 1);
+}
diff --git a/ext/-test-/string/fstring.c b/ext/-test-/string/fstring.c
index 2374319fe3..7ee14a8570 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/string/fstring.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/string/fstring.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "ruby.h"
 #include "ruby/encoding.h"
+#include "internal/string.h"
 
 VALUE rb_fstring(VALUE str);
 
@@ -10,6 +11,14 @@ bug_s_fstring(VALUE self, VALUE str)
 }
 
 VALUE
+bug_s_fstring_fake_str(VALUE self)
+{
+    static const char literal[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
+    struct RString fake_str;
+    return rb_fstring(rb_setup_fake_str(&fake_str, literal, sizeof(literal) - 1, 0));
+}
+
+VALUE
 bug_s_rb_enc_interned_str(VALUE self, VALUE encoding)
 {
     return rb_enc_interned_str("foo", 3, RDATA(encoding)->data);
@@ -25,6 +34,7 @@ void
 Init_string_fstring(VALUE klass)
 {
     rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "fstring", bug_s_fstring, 1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "fstring_fake_str", bug_s_fstring_fake_str, 0);
     rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "rb_enc_interned_str", bug_s_rb_enc_interned_str, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "rb_enc_str_new", bug_s_rb_enc_str_new, 1);
 }
diff --git a/ext/-test-/string/set_len.c b/ext/-test-/string/set_len.c
index 219cea404c..049da2cdb5 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/string/set_len.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/string/set_len.c
@@ -7,8 +7,18 @@ bug_str_set_len(VALUE str, VALUE len)
     return str;
 }
 
+static VALUE
+bug_str_append(VALUE str, VALUE addendum)
+{
+    StringValue(addendum);
+    rb_str_modify_expand(str, RSTRING_LEN(addendum));
+    memcpy(RSTRING_END(str), RSTRING_PTR(addendum), RSTRING_LEN(addendum));
+    return str;
+}
+
 void
 Init_string_set_len(VALUE klass)
 {
     rb_define_method(klass, "set_len", bug_str_set_len, 1);
+    rb_define_method(klass, "append", bug_str_append, 1);
 }
diff --git a/ext/-test-/struct/data.c b/ext/-test-/struct/data.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5841c342e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/-test-/struct/data.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include "ruby.h"
+
+static VALUE
+bug_data_new(VALUE self, VALUE super)
+{
+    return rb_data_define(super, "mem1", "mem2", NULL);
+}
+
+void
+Init_data(VALUE klass)
+{
+    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "data_new", bug_data_new, 1);
+}
diff --git a/ext/-test-/struct/depend b/ext/-test-/struct/depend
index 920a065216..5db943e286 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/struct/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/struct/depend
@@ -1,4 +1,163 @@
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
+data.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
+data.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
+data.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+data.o: data.c
 duplicate.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 duplicate.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
@@ -52,6 +211,7 @@ duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +271,6 @@ duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +301,6 @@ duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 duplicate.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +370,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +430,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +460,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -372,6 +529,7 @@ len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -431,7 +589,6 @@ len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -462,7 +619,6 @@ len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 len.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -532,6 +688,7 @@ member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -591,7 +748,6 @@ member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -622,7 +778,6 @@ member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 member.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/symbol/depend b/ext/-test-/symbol/depend
index b94e4ce821..dd1b5c305f 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/symbol/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/symbol/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 type.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/depend b/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/depend
index e2fcd060d8..b03f51870f 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 instrumentation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/instrumentation.c b/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/instrumentation.c
index d2a2c2740b..d81bc0f2a7 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/instrumentation.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/thread/instrumentation/instrumentation.c
@@ -2,90 +2,137 @@
 #include "ruby/atomic.h"
 #include "ruby/thread.h"
 
-static rb_atomic_t started_count = 0;
-static rb_atomic_t ready_count = 0;
-static rb_atomic_t resumed_count = 0;
-static rb_atomic_t suspended_count = 0;
-static rb_atomic_t exited_count = 0;
-
-#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112
-  #define RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER _Thread_local
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER_IS_UNSUPPORTED)
-  /* note that ICC (linux) and Clang are covered by __GNUC__ */
-  #define RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER __thread
-#else
-  #define RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER
+#ifndef RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER
+#  define RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER
 #endif
 
-static RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER unsigned int local_ready_count = 0;
-static RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER unsigned int local_resumed_count = 0;
-static RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER unsigned int local_suspended_count = 0;
+static VALUE last_thread = Qnil;
+static VALUE timeline_value = Qnil;
+
+struct thread_event {
+    VALUE thread;
+    rb_event_flag_t event;
+};
+
+#define MAX_EVENTS 1024
+static struct thread_event event_timeline[MAX_EVENTS];
+static rb_atomic_t timeline_cursor;
 
 static void
-ex_callback(rb_event_flag_t event, const rb_internal_thread_event_data_t *event_data, void *user_data)
+event_timeline_gc_mark(void *ptr) {
+    rb_atomic_t cursor;
+    for (cursor = 0; cursor < timeline_cursor; cursor++) {
+        rb_gc_mark(event_timeline[cursor].thread);
+    }
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t event_timeline_type = {
+    "TestThreadInstrumentation/event_timeline",
+    {event_timeline_gc_mark, NULL, NULL,},
+    0, 0,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+};
+
+static void
+reset_timeline(void)
+{
+    timeline_cursor = 0;
+    memset(event_timeline, 0, sizeof(struct thread_event) * MAX_EVENTS);
+}
+
+static rb_event_flag_t
+find_last_event(VALUE thread)
+{
+    rb_atomic_t cursor = timeline_cursor;
+    if (cursor) {
+        do {
+            if (event_timeline[cursor].thread == thread){
+                return event_timeline[cursor].event;
+            }
+            cursor--;
+        } while (cursor > 0);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *
+event_name(rb_event_flag_t event)
 {
     switch (event) {
       case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED:
-        RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(started_count);
-        break;
+        return "started";
       case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY:
-        RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(ready_count);
-        local_ready_count++;
-        break;
+        return "ready";
       case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED:
-        RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(resumed_count);
-        local_resumed_count++;
-        break;
+        return "resumed";
       case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED:
-        RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(suspended_count);
-        local_suspended_count++;
-        break;
+        return "suspended";
       case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED:
-        RUBY_ATOMIC_INC(exited_count);
-        break;
+        return "exited";
     }
+    return "no-event";
 }
 
-static rb_internal_thread_event_hook_t * single_hook = NULL;
-
-static VALUE
-thread_counters(VALUE thread)
+static void
+unexpected(bool strict, const char *format, VALUE thread, rb_event_flag_t last_event)
 {
-    VALUE array = rb_ary_new2(5);
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(started_count));
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(ready_count));
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(resumed_count));
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(suspended_count));
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(exited_count));
-    return array;
+     const char *last_event_name = event_name(last_event);
+    if (strict) {
+        rb_bug(format, thread, last_event_name);
+    }
+    else {
+        fprintf(stderr, format, thread, last_event_name);
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    }
 }
 
-static VALUE
-thread_local_counters(VALUE thread)
+static void
+ex_callback(rb_event_flag_t event, const rb_internal_thread_event_data_t *event_data, void *user_data)
 {
-    VALUE array = rb_ary_new2(3);
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(local_ready_count));
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(local_resumed_count));
-    rb_ary_push(array, UINT2NUM(local_suspended_count));
-    return array;
-}
+    rb_event_flag_t last_event = find_last_event(event_data->thread);
+    bool strict = (bool)user_data;
 
-static VALUE
-thread_reset_counters(VALUE thread)
-{
-    RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(started_count, 0);
-    RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(ready_count, 0);
-    RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(resumed_count, 0);
-    RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(suspended_count, 0);
-    RUBY_ATOMIC_SET(exited_count, 0);
-    local_ready_count = 0;
-    local_resumed_count = 0;
-    local_suspended_count = 0;
-    return Qtrue;
+    if (last_event != 0) {
+        switch (event) {
+          case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED:
+            unexpected(strict, "[thread=%"PRIxVALUE"] `started` event can't be preceded by `%s`", event_data->thread, last_event);
+            break;
+          case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY:
+            if (last_event != RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED && last_event != RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED) {
+                unexpected(strict, "[thread=%"PRIxVALUE"] `ready` must be preceded by `started` or `suspended`, got: `%s`", event_data->thread, last_event);
+            }
+            break;
+          case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED:
+            if (last_event != RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY) {
+                unexpected(strict, "[thread=%"PRIxVALUE"] `resumed` must be preceded by `ready`, got: `%s`", event_data->thread, last_event);
+            }
+            break;
+          case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED:
+            if (last_event != RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED) {
+                unexpected(strict, "[thread=%"PRIxVALUE"] `suspended` must be preceded by `resumed`, got: `%s`", event_data->thread, last_event);
+            }
+            break;
+          case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED:
+            if (last_event != RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED && last_event != RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED) {
+                unexpected(strict, "[thread=%"PRIxVALUE"] `exited` must be preceded by `resumed` or `suspended`, got: `%s`", event_data->thread, last_event);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    rb_atomic_t cursor = RUBY_ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(timeline_cursor, 1);
+    if (cursor >= MAX_EVENTS) {
+        rb_bug("TestThreadInstrumentation: ran out of event_timeline space");
+    }
+
+    event_timeline[cursor].thread = event_data->thread;
+    event_timeline[cursor].event = event;
 }
 
+static rb_internal_thread_event_hook_t * single_hook = NULL;
+
 static VALUE
-thread_register_callback(VALUE thread)
+thread_register_callback(VALUE thread, VALUE strict)
 {
     single_hook = rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook(
         ex_callback,
@@ -94,13 +141,33 @@ thread_register_callback(VALUE thread)
         RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED |
         RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED |
         RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED,
-        NULL
+        (void *)RTEST(strict)
     );
 
     return Qnil;
 }
 
 static VALUE
+event_symbol(rb_event_flag_t event)
+{
+    switch (event) {
+      case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED:
+        return rb_id2sym(rb_intern("started"));
+      case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY:
+        return rb_id2sym(rb_intern("ready"));
+      case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED:
+        return rb_id2sym(rb_intern("resumed"));
+      case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED:
+        return rb_id2sym(rb_intern("suspended"));
+      case RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED:
+        return rb_id2sym(rb_intern("exited"));
+      default:
+        rb_bug("TestThreadInstrumentation: Unexpected event");
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
 thread_unregister_callback(VALUE thread)
 {
     if (single_hook) {
@@ -108,7 +175,18 @@ thread_unregister_callback(VALUE thread)
         single_hook = NULL;
     }
 
-    return Qnil;
+    VALUE events = rb_ary_new_capa(timeline_cursor);
+    rb_atomic_t cursor;
+    for (cursor = 0; cursor < timeline_cursor; cursor++) {
+        VALUE pair = rb_ary_new_capa(2);
+        rb_ary_push(pair, event_timeline[cursor].thread);
+        rb_ary_push(pair, event_symbol(event_timeline[cursor].event));
+        rb_ary_push(events, pair);
+    }
+
+    reset_timeline();
+
+    return events;
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -132,10 +210,11 @@ Init_instrumentation(void)
 {
     VALUE mBug = rb_define_module("Bug");
     VALUE klass = rb_define_module_under(mBug, "ThreadInstrumentation");
-    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "counters", thread_counters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "local_counters", thread_local_counters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "reset_counters", thread_reset_counters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "register_callback", thread_register_callback, 0);
+    rb_global_variable(&timeline_value);
+    timeline_value = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(0, &event_timeline_type, 0);
+
+    rb_global_variable(&last_thread);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "register_callback", thread_register_callback, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "unregister_callback", thread_unregister_callback, 0);
     rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "register_and_unregister_callbacks", thread_register_and_unregister_callback, 0);
 }
diff --git a/ext/-test-/thread_fd/depend b/ext/-test-/thread_fd/depend
index ecf738108a..d4cc772526 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/thread_fd/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/thread_fd/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 thread_fd.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/time/depend b/ext/-test-/time/depend
index b7d1a2b114..c015588b09 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/time/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/time/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -213,6 +212,7 @@ leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -272,7 +272,6 @@ leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -303,7 +302,6 @@ leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 leap_second.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -377,6 +375,7 @@ new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -436,7 +435,6 @@ new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -467,7 +465,6 @@ new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 new.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/tracepoint/depend b/ext/-test-/tracepoint/depend
index 8e2aa7eab6..396004926e 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/tracepoint/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/tracepoint/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 gc_hook.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -212,6 +211,7 @@ tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@ tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 tracepoint.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/tracepoint/gc_hook.c b/ext/-test-/tracepoint/gc_hook.c
index a3f4e7f68a..54c06c54a5 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/tracepoint/gc_hook.c
+++ b/ext/-test-/tracepoint/gc_hook.c
@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@ gc_start_end_i(VALUE tpval, void *data)
     }
 
     if (invoking == 0) {
-        rb_postponed_job_register(0, invoke_proc, data);
+        /* will overwrite the existing handle with new data on the second and subsequent call */
+        rb_postponed_job_handle_t h = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, invoke_proc, data);
+        rb_postponed_job_trigger(h);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/ext/-test-/typeddata/depend b/ext/-test-/typeddata/depend
index 02f6de6e20..cbeafa8000 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/typeddata/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/typeddata/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 typeddata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/vm/depend b/ext/-test-/vm/depend
index 7f110d48eb..f0b3f3b1f4 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/vm/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/vm/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 at_exit.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/-test-/wait/depend b/ext/-test-/wait/depend
index e71bda9968..2e4887559c 100644
--- a/ext/-test-/wait/depend
+++ b/ext/-test-/wait/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -120,7 +121,6 @@ wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/.document b/ext/.document
index aeb40c60fb..0efd511a61 100644
--- a/ext/.document
+++ b/ext/.document
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ date/date_parse.c
 date/date_strftime.c
 date/date_strptime.c
 date/lib
-dbm/dbm.c
 digest/bubblebabble/bubblebabble.c
 digest/digest.c
 digest/lib
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ digest/sha2/sha2init.c
 digest/sha2/lib
 etc/etc.c
 fcntl/fcntl.c
-fiber/fiber.c
 fiddle/closure.c
 fiddle/conversions.c
 fiddle/fiddle.c
@@ -31,9 +29,7 @@ fiddle/pinned.c
 fiddle/pointer.c
 fiddle/handle.c
 fiddle/lib
-gdbm/gdbm.c
-io/console/console.c
-io/console/lib
+io/console/
 io/nonblock/nonblock.c
 io/wait/wait.c
 json/generator/generator.c
diff --git a/ext/Setup b/ext/Setup
index 0376e2fc6c..9c3e2f48fe 100644
--- a/ext/Setup
+++ b/ext/Setup
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #continuation
 #coverage
 #date
-#dbm
 #digest/bubblebabble
 #digest
 #digest/md5
@@ -14,9 +13,7 @@
 #digest/sha2
 #etc
 #fcntl
-#fiber
 #fiddle
-#gdbm
 #io/console
 #io/nonblock
 #io/wait
diff --git a/ext/Setup.atheos b/ext/Setup.atheos
index 3f6263b1e2..91f73f32f9 100644
--- a/ext/Setup.atheos
+++ b/ext/Setup.atheos
@@ -1,23 +1,19 @@
 option nodynamic
 
-#Win32API
 bigdecimal
 cgi/escape
-dbm
 digest
 digest/md5
 digest/rmd160
 digest/sha1
 digest/sha2
-enumerator
 etc
 fcntl
-gdbm
 io/wait
 nkf
 #openssl
 pty
-racc/parse
+#racc/cparse
 readline
 ripper
 socket
diff --git a/ext/Setup.nt b/ext/Setup.nt
index dc36aa8688..1278f183e4 100644
--- a/ext/Setup.nt
+++ b/ext/Setup.nt
@@ -1,24 +1,20 @@
 #option platform cygwin|mingw|mswin
 #option nodynamic
 
-Win32API
 bigdecimal
 cgi/escape
-#dbm
 digest
 digest/md5
 digest/rmd160
 digest/sha1
 digest/sha2
-enumerator
 etc
 fcntl
-#gdbm
 #io/wait
 nkf
 #openssl
 #pty
-racc/cparse
+#racc/cparse
 #readline
 #ripper
 socket
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c b/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c
index b3ef70a2c9..cb8874d31a 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c
@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@
  */
 
 /* #define BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG 1 */
-#ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
-# define BIGDECIMAL_ENABLE_VPRINT 1
-#endif
+
 #include "bigdecimal.h"
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 
@@ -33,6 +31,8 @@
 #include "bits.h"
 #include "static_assert.h"
 
+#define BIGDECIMAL_VERSION "3.1.5"
+
 /* #define ENABLE_NUMERIC_STRING */
 
 #define SIGNED_VALUE_MAX INTPTR_MAX
@@ -61,6 +61,13 @@ static ID id_to_r;
 static ID id_eq;
 static ID id_half;
 
+#define RBD_NUM_ROUNDING_MODES 11
+
+static struct {
+    ID id;
+    uint8_t mode;
+} rbd_rounding_modes[RBD_NUM_ROUNDING_MODES];
+
 /* MACRO's to guard objects from GC by keeping them in stack */
 #ifdef RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED
 #define ENTER(n) RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() volatile VALUE vStack[n];int iStack=0
@@ -102,10 +109,164 @@ static ID id_half;
 # define RB_OBJ_STRING(obj) StringValueCStr(obj)
 #endif
 
+#ifndef MAYBE_UNUSED
+# define MAYBE_UNUSED(x) x
+#endif
+
 #define BIGDECIMAL_POSITIVE_P(bd) ((bd)->sign > 0)
 #define BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(bd) ((bd)->sign < 0)
 
 /*
+ * ================== Memory allocation ============================
+ */
+
+#ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
+static size_t rbd_allocation_count = 0;   /* Memory allocation counter */
+static inline void
+atomic_allocation_count_inc(void)
+{
+    RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_INC(rbd_allocation_count);
+}
+static inline void
+atomic_allocation_count_dec_nounderflow(void)
+{
+    if (rbd_allocation_count == 0) return;
+    RUBY_ATOMIC_SIZE_DEC(rbd_allocation_count);
+}
+static void
+check_allocation_count_nonzero(void)
+{
+    if (rbd_allocation_count != 0) return;
+    rb_bug("[bigdecimal][rbd_free_struct] Too many memory free calls");
+}
+#else
+#   define atomic_allocation_count_inc() /* nothing */
+#   define atomic_allocation_count_dec_nounderflow() /* nothing */
+#   define check_allocation_count_nonzero() /* nothing */
+#endif /* BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG */
+
+PUREFUNC(static inline size_t rbd_struct_size(size_t const));
+
+static inline size_t
+rbd_struct_size(size_t const internal_digits)
+{
+    size_t const frac_len = (internal_digits == 0) ? 1 : internal_digits;
+    return offsetof(Real, frac) + frac_len * sizeof(DECDIG);
+}
+
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct(size_t const internal_digits)
+{
+    size_t const size = rbd_struct_size(internal_digits);
+    Real *real = ruby_xcalloc(1, size);
+    atomic_allocation_count_inc();
+    real->MaxPrec = internal_digits;
+    return real;
+}
+
+static size_t
+rbd_calculate_internal_digits(size_t const digits, bool limit_precision)
+{
+    size_t const len = roomof(digits, BASE_FIG);
+    if (limit_precision) {
+        size_t const prec_limit = VpGetPrecLimit();
+        if (prec_limit > 0) {
+            /* NOTE: 2 more digits for rounding and division */
+            size_t const max_len = roomof(prec_limit, BASE_FIG) + 2;
+            if (len > max_len)
+                return max_len;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return len;
+}
+
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_decimal_digits(size_t const decimal_digits, bool limit_precision)
+{
+    size_t const internal_digits = rbd_calculate_internal_digits(decimal_digits, limit_precision);
+    return rbd_allocate_struct(internal_digits);
+}
+
+static VALUE BigDecimal_wrap_struct(VALUE obj, Real *vp);
+
+static Real *
+rbd_reallocate_struct(Real *real, size_t const internal_digits)
+{
+    size_t const size = rbd_struct_size(internal_digits);
+    VALUE obj = real ? real->obj : 0;
+    Real *new_real = (Real *)ruby_xrealloc(real, size);
+    new_real->MaxPrec = internal_digits;
+    if (obj) {
+        new_real->obj = 0;
+        BigDecimal_wrap_struct(obj, new_real);
+    }
+    return new_real;
+}
+
+static void
+rbd_free_struct(Real *real)
+{
+    if (real != NULL) {
+        check_allocation_count_nonzero();
+        ruby_xfree(real);
+        atomic_allocation_count_dec_nounderflow();
+    }
+}
+
+#define NewZero rbd_allocate_struct_zero
+static Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_zero(int sign, size_t const digits, bool limit_precision)
+{
+    Real *real = rbd_allocate_struct_decimal_digits(digits, limit_precision);
+    VpSetZero(real, sign);
+    return real;
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_zero_limited(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewZeroLimited rbd_allocate_struct_zero_limited
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_zero_limited(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_zero(sign, digits, true);
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_zero_nolimit(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewZeroNolimit rbd_allocate_struct_zero_nolimit
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_zero_nolimit(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_zero(sign, digits, false);
+}
+
+#define NewOne rbd_allocate_struct_one
+static Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_one(int sign, size_t const digits, bool limit_precision)
+{
+    Real *real = rbd_allocate_struct_decimal_digits(digits, limit_precision);
+    VpSetOne(real);
+    if (sign < 0)
+        VpSetSign(real, VP_SIGN_NEGATIVE_FINITE);
+    return real;
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_one_limited(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewOneLimited rbd_allocate_struct_one_limited
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_one_limited(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_one(sign, digits, true);
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_one_nolimit(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewOneNolimit rbd_allocate_struct_one_nolimit
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_one_nolimit(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_one(sign, digits, false);
+}
+
+/*
  * ================== Ruby Interface part ==========================
  */
 #define DoSomeOne(x,y,f) rb_num_coerce_bin(x,y,f)
@@ -120,10 +281,7 @@ static VALUE VpCheckGetValue(Real *p);
 static void  VpInternalRound(Real *c, size_t ixDigit, DECDIG vPrev, DECDIG v);
 static int   VpLimitRound(Real *c, size_t ixDigit);
 static Real *VpCopy(Real *pv, Real const* const x);
-
-#ifdef BIGDECIMAL_ENABLE_VPRINT
 static int VPrint(FILE *fp,const char *cntl_chr,Real *a);
-#endif
 
 /*
  *  **** BigDecimal part ****
@@ -138,7 +296,7 @@ static VALUE BigDecimal_negative_zero(void);
 static void
 BigDecimal_delete(void *pv)
 {
-    VpFree(pv);
+    rbd_free_struct(pv);
 }
 
 static size_t
@@ -157,10 +315,64 @@ static const rb_data_type_t BigDecimal_data_type = {
     "BigDecimal",
     { 0, BigDecimal_delete, BigDecimal_memsize, },
 #ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_FROZEN_SHAREABLE
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_FROZEN_SHAREABLE | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED
 #endif
 };
 
+static Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_zero_wrap_klass(VALUE klass, int sign, size_t const digits, bool limit_precision)
+{
+    Real *real = rbd_allocate_struct_zero(sign, digits, limit_precision);
+    if (real != NULL) {
+        VALUE obj = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, &BigDecimal_data_type, 0);
+        BigDecimal_wrap_struct(obj, real);
+    }
+    return real;
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_zero_limited_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewZeroWrapLimited rbd_allocate_struct_zero_limited_wrap
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_zero_limited_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_zero_wrap_klass(rb_cBigDecimal, sign, digits, true);
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_zero_nolimit_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewZeroWrapNolimit rbd_allocate_struct_zero_nolimit_wrap
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_zero_nolimit_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_zero_wrap_klass(rb_cBigDecimal, sign, digits, false);
+}
+
+static Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_one_wrap_klass(VALUE klass, int sign, size_t const digits, bool limit_precision)
+{
+    Real *real = rbd_allocate_struct_one(sign, digits, limit_precision);
+    if (real != NULL) {
+        VALUE obj = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, &BigDecimal_data_type, 0);
+        BigDecimal_wrap_struct(obj, real);
+    }
+    return real;
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_one_limited_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewOneWrapLimited rbd_allocate_struct_one_limited_wrap
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_one_limited_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_one_wrap_klass(rb_cBigDecimal, sign, digits, true);
+}
+
+MAYBE_UNUSED(static inline Real * rbd_allocate_struct_one_nolimit_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits));
+#define NewOneWrapNolimit rbd_allocate_struct_one_nolimit_wrap
+static inline Real *
+rbd_allocate_struct_one_nolimit_wrap(int sign, size_t const digits)
+{
+    return rbd_allocate_struct_one_wrap_klass(rb_cBigDecimal, sign, digits, false);
+}
+
 static inline int
 is_kind_of_BigDecimal(VALUE const v)
 {
@@ -214,7 +426,7 @@ GetVpValueWithPrec(VALUE v, long prec, int must)
 
       case T_FIXNUM: {
         char szD[128];
-        sprintf(szD, "%ld", FIX2LONG(v));
+        snprintf(szD, 128, "%ld", FIX2LONG(v));
         v = rb_cstr_convert_to_BigDecimal(szD, VpBaseFig() * 2 + 1, must);
         break;
       }
@@ -249,7 +461,7 @@ SomeOneMayDoIt:
     return NULL; /* NULL means to coerce */
 }
 
-static Real*
+static inline Real*
 GetVpValue(VALUE v, int must)
 {
     return GetVpValueWithPrec(v, -1, must);
@@ -264,7 +476,7 @@ GetVpValue(VALUE v, int must)
  *    BigDecimal.double_fig # => 16
  *
  */
-static VALUE
+static inline VALUE
 BigDecimal_double_fig(VALUE self)
 {
     return INT2FIX(VpDblFig());
@@ -445,7 +657,7 @@ BigDecimal_precision(VALUE self)
  *  Returns the number of decimal digits following the decimal digits in +self+.
  *
  *    BigDecimal("0").scale         # => 0
- *    BigDecimal("1").scale         # => 1
+ *    BigDecimal("1").scale         # => 0
  *    BigDecimal("1.1").scale       # => 1
  *    BigDecimal("3.1415").scale    # => 4
  *    BigDecimal("-1e20").precision # => 0
@@ -486,15 +698,15 @@ BigDecimal_precision_scale(VALUE self)
  *
  *  Returns the number of decimal significant digits in +self+.
  *
- *    BigDecimal("0").scale         # => 0
- *    BigDecimal("1").scale         # => 1
- *    BigDecimal("1.1").scale       # => 2
- *    BigDecimal("3.1415").scale    # => 5
- *    BigDecimal("-1e20").precision # => 1
- *    BigDecimal("1e-20").precision # => 1
- *    BigDecimal("Infinity").scale  # => 0
- *    BigDecimal("-Infinity").scale # => 0
- *    BigDecimal("NaN").scale       # => 0
+ *    BigDecimal("0").n_significant_digits         # => 0
+ *    BigDecimal("1").n_significant_digits         # => 1
+ *    BigDecimal("1.1").n_significant_digits       # => 2
+ *    BigDecimal("3.1415").n_significant_digits    # => 5
+ *    BigDecimal("-1e20").n_significant_digits     # => 1
+ *    BigDecimal("1e-20").n_significant_digits     # => 1
+ *    BigDecimal("Infinity").n_significant_digits  # => 0
+ *    BigDecimal("-Infinity").n_significant_digits # => 0
+ *    BigDecimal("NaN").n_significant_digits       # => 0
  */
 static VALUE
 BigDecimal_n_significant_digits(VALUE self)
@@ -573,13 +785,15 @@ BigDecimal_dump(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     char *psz;
     VALUE dummy;
     volatile VALUE dump;
+    size_t len;
 
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &dummy);
     GUARD_OBJ(vp,GetVpValue(self, 1));
     dump = rb_str_new(0, VpNumOfChars(vp, "E")+50);
     psz = RSTRING_PTR(dump);
-    sprintf(psz, "%"PRIuSIZE":", VpMaxPrec(vp)*VpBaseFig());
-    VpToString(vp, psz+strlen(psz), 0, 0);
+    snprintf(psz, RSTRING_LEN(dump), "%"PRIuSIZE":", VpMaxPrec(vp)*VpBaseFig());
+    len = strlen(psz);
+    VpToString(vp, psz+len, RSTRING_LEN(dump)-len, 0, 0);
     rb_str_resize(dump, strlen(psz));
     return dump;
 }
@@ -623,18 +837,19 @@ check_rounding_mode_option(VALUE const opts)
     assert(RB_TYPE_P(opts, T_HASH));
 
     if (NIL_P(opts))
-        goto noopt;
+        goto no_opt;
 
     mode = rb_hash_lookup2(opts, ID2SYM(id_half), Qundef);
     if (mode == Qundef || NIL_P(mode))
-        goto noopt;
+        goto no_opt;
 
     if (SYMBOL_P(mode))
         mode = rb_sym2str(mode);
     else if (!RB_TYPE_P(mode, T_STRING)) {
-	VALUE str_mode = rb_check_string_type(mode);
-	if (NIL_P(str_mode)) goto invalid;
-	mode = str_mode;
+        VALUE str_mode = rb_check_string_type(mode);
+        if (NIL_P(str_mode))
+            goto invalid;
+        mode = str_mode;
     }
     s = RSTRING_PTR(mode);
     l = RSTRING_LEN(mode);
@@ -652,13 +867,11 @@ check_rounding_mode_option(VALUE const opts)
       default:
         break;
     }
+
   invalid:
-    if (NIL_P(mode))
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode: nil");
-    else
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode: %"PRIsVALUE, mode);
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode (%"PRIsVALUE")", mode);
 
-  noopt:
+  no_opt:
     return VpGetRoundMode();
 }
 
@@ -667,34 +880,23 @@ check_rounding_mode(VALUE const v)
 {
     unsigned short sw;
     ID id;
-    switch (TYPE(v)) {
-      case T_SYMBOL:
-	id = SYM2ID(v);
-	if (id == id_up)
-	    return VP_ROUND_UP;
-	if (id == id_down || id == id_truncate)
-	    return VP_ROUND_DOWN;
-	if (id == id_half_up || id == id_default)
-	    return VP_ROUND_HALF_UP;
-	if (id == id_half_down)
-	    return VP_ROUND_HALF_DOWN;
-	if (id == id_half_even || id == id_banker)
-	    return VP_ROUND_HALF_EVEN;
-	if (id == id_ceiling || id == id_ceil)
-	    return VP_ROUND_CEIL;
-	if (id == id_floor)
-	    return VP_ROUND_FLOOR;
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode");
-
-      default:
-	break;
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(v, T_SYMBOL)) {
+        int i;
+        id = SYM2ID(v);
+        for (i = 0; i < RBD_NUM_ROUNDING_MODES; ++i) {
+            if (rbd_rounding_modes[i].id == id) {
+                return rbd_rounding_modes[i].mode;
+            }
+        }
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode (%"PRIsVALUE")", v);
     }
-
-    sw = NUM2USHORT(v);
-    if (!VpIsRoundMode(sw)) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode");
+    else {
+        sw = NUM2USHORT(v);
+        if (!VpIsRoundMode(sw)) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid rounding mode (%"PRIsVALUE")", v);
+        }
+        return sw;
     }
-    return sw;
 }
 
 /*  call-seq:
@@ -933,11 +1135,17 @@ GetAddSubPrec(Real *a, Real *b)
     return mx;
 }
 
-static SIGNED_VALUE
-GetPrecisionInt(VALUE v)
+static inline SIGNED_VALUE
+check_int_precision(VALUE v)
 {
     SIGNED_VALUE n;
-    n = NUM2INT(v);
+#if SIZEOF_VALUE <= SIZEOF_LONG
+    n = (SIGNED_VALUE)NUM2LONG(v);
+#elif SIZEOF_VALUE <= SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+    n = (SIGNED_VALUE)NUM2LL(v);
+#else
+#   error SIZEOF_VALUE is too large
+#endif
     if (n < 0) {
 	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative precision");
     }
@@ -979,26 +1187,12 @@ VpCreateRbObject(size_t mx, const char *str, bool raise_exception)
     return VpNewRbClass(mx, str, rb_cBigDecimal, true, raise_exception);
 }
 
-#define VpAllocReal(prec) (Real *)VpMemAlloc(offsetof(Real, frac) + (prec) * sizeof(DECDIG))
-
-static Real *
-VpReallocReal(Real *pv, size_t prec)
-{
-    VALUE obj = pv ? pv->obj : 0;
-    Real *new_pv = (Real *)VpMemRealloc(pv, offsetof(Real, frac) + prec * sizeof(DECDIG));
-    if (obj) {
-        new_pv->obj = 0;
-        BigDecimal_wrap_struct(obj, new_pv);
-    }
-    return new_pv;
-}
-
 static Real *
 VpCopy(Real *pv, Real const* const x)
 {
     assert(x != NULL);
 
-    pv = VpReallocReal(pv, x->MaxPrec);
+    pv = rbd_reallocate_struct(pv, x->MaxPrec);
     pv->MaxPrec = x->MaxPrec;
     pv->Prec = x->Prec;
     pv->exponent = x->exponent;
@@ -1119,7 +1313,7 @@ BigDecimal_to_f(VALUE self)
 
     str = rb_str_new(0, VpNumOfChars(p, "E"));
     buf = RSTRING_PTR(str);
-    VpToString(p, buf, 0, 0);
+    VpToString(p, buf, RSTRING_LEN(str), 0, 0);
     errno = 0;
     d = strtod(buf, 0);
     if (errno == ERANGE) {
@@ -1276,17 +1470,17 @@ BigDecimal_add(VALUE self, VALUE r)
 
     mx = GetAddSubPrec(a, b);
     if (mx == (size_t)-1L) {
-        GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(VpBaseFig() + 1, "0", true));
-	VpAddSub(c, a, b, 1);
+        GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, VpBaseFig() + 1));
+        VpAddSub(c, a, b, 1);
     }
     else {
-        GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx * (VpBaseFig() + 1), "0", true));
-	if(!mx) {
-	    VpSetInf(c, VpGetSign(a));
-	}
-	else {
-	    VpAddSub(c, a, b, 1);
-	}
+        GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx * (VpBaseFig() + 1)));
+        if (!mx) {
+            VpSetInf(c, VpGetSign(a));
+        }
+        else {
+            VpAddSub(c, a, b, 1);
+        }
     }
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -1331,17 +1525,17 @@ BigDecimal_sub(VALUE self, VALUE r)
 
     mx = GetAddSubPrec(a,b);
     if (mx == (size_t)-1L) {
-        GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(VpBaseFig() + 1, "0", true));
-	VpAddSub(c, a, b, -1);
+        GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, VpBaseFig() + 1));
+        VpAddSub(c, a, b, -1);
     }
     else {
-        GUARD_OBJ(c,VpCreateRbObject(mx *(VpBaseFig() + 1), "0", true));
-	if (!mx) {
-	    VpSetInf(c,VpGetSign(a));
-	}
-	else {
-	    VpAddSub(c, a, b, -1);
-	}
+        GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx *(VpBaseFig() + 1)));
+        if (!mx) {
+            VpSetInf(c,VpGetSign(a));
+        }
+        else {
+            VpAddSub(c, a, b, -1);
+        }
     }
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -1581,7 +1775,7 @@ BigDecimal_neg(VALUE self)
     ENTER(5);
     Real *c, *a;
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(a->Prec *(VpBaseFig() + 1), "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, a->Prec *(VpBaseFig() + 1)));
     VpAsgn(c, a, -1);
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -1608,7 +1802,7 @@ BigDecimal_mult(VALUE self, VALUE r)
     SAVE(b);
 
     mx = a->Prec + b->Prec;
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx *(VpBaseFig() + 1), "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx * (VpBaseFig() + 1)));
     VpMult(c, a, b);
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -1655,8 +1849,8 @@ BigDecimal_divide(VALUE self, VALUE r, Real **c, Real **res, Real **div)
     if (2*BIGDECIMAL_DOUBLE_FIGURES > mx)
         mx = 2*BIGDECIMAL_DOUBLE_FIGURES;
 
-    GUARD_OBJ((*c), VpCreateRbObject(mx + 2*BASE_FIG, "#0", true));
-    GUARD_OBJ((*res), VpCreateRbObject((mx + 1)*2 + 2*BASE_FIG, "#0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ((*c), NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, mx + 2*BASE_FIG));
+    GUARD_OBJ((*res), NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, (mx + 1)*2 + 2*BASE_FIG));
     VpDivd(*c, *res, a, b);
 
     return Qnil;
@@ -1721,7 +1915,7 @@ BigDecimal_quo(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &value, &digits);
     if (argc > 1) {
-        n = GetPrecisionInt(digits);
+        n = check_int_precision(digits);
     }
 
     if (n > 0) {
@@ -1811,12 +2005,12 @@ BigDecimal_DoDivmod(VALUE self, VALUE r, Real **div, Real **mod)
     if (2*BIGDECIMAL_DOUBLE_FIGURES > mx)
         mx = 2*BIGDECIMAL_DOUBLE_FIGURES;
 
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx + 2*BASE_FIG, "0", true));
-    GUARD_OBJ(res, VpCreateRbObject(mx*2 + 2*BASE_FIG, "#0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx + 2*BASE_FIG));
+    GUARD_OBJ(res, NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, mx*2 + 2*BASE_FIG));
     VpDivd(c, res, a, b);
 
     mx = c->Prec * BASE_FIG;
-    GUARD_OBJ(d, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(d, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpActiveRound(d, c, VP_ROUND_DOWN, 0);
 
     VpMult(res, d, b);
@@ -1824,10 +2018,10 @@ BigDecimal_DoDivmod(VALUE self, VALUE r, Real **div, Real **mod)
 
     if (!VpIsZero(c) && (VpGetSign(a) * VpGetSign(b) < 0)) {
         /* result adjustment for negative case */
-        res = VpReallocReal(res, d->MaxPrec);
+        res = rbd_reallocate_struct(res, d->MaxPrec);
         res->MaxPrec = d->MaxPrec;
         VpAddSub(res, d, VpOne(), -1);
-        GUARD_OBJ(d, VpCreateRbObject(GetAddSubPrec(c, b) * 2*BASE_FIG, "0", true));
+        GUARD_OBJ(d, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, GetAddSubPrec(c, b) * 2*BASE_FIG));
         VpAddSub(d, c, b, 1);
         *div = res;
         *mod = d;
@@ -1890,18 +2084,25 @@ BigDecimal_divremain(VALUE self, VALUE r, Real **dv, Real **rv)
     if (!b) return DoSomeOne(self, r, rb_intern("remainder"));
     SAVE(b);
 
+    if (VpIsPosInf(b) || VpIsNegInf(b)) {
+       GUARD_OBJ(*dv, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, 1));
+       VpSetZero(*dv, 1);
+       *rv = a;
+       return Qnil;
+    }
+
     mx = (a->MaxPrec + b->MaxPrec) *VpBaseFig();
-    GUARD_OBJ(c,   VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
-    GUARD_OBJ(res, VpCreateRbObject((mx+1) * 2 + (VpBaseFig() + 1), "#0", true));
-    GUARD_OBJ(rr,  VpCreateRbObject((mx+1) * 2 + (VpBaseFig() + 1), "#0", true));
-    GUARD_OBJ(ff,  VpCreateRbObject((mx+1) * 2 + (VpBaseFig() + 1), "#0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c,   NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
+    GUARD_OBJ(res, NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, (mx+1) * 2 + (VpBaseFig() + 1)));
+    GUARD_OBJ(rr,  NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, (mx+1) * 2 + (VpBaseFig() + 1)));
+    GUARD_OBJ(ff,  NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, (mx+1) * 2 + (VpBaseFig() + 1)));
 
     VpDivd(c, res, a, b);
 
     mx = c->Prec *(VpBaseFig() + 1);
 
-    GUARD_OBJ(d, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
-    GUARD_OBJ(f, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(d, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
+    GUARD_OBJ(f, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
 
     VpActiveRound(d, c, VP_ROUND_DOWN, 0); /* 0: round off */
 
@@ -1986,7 +2187,7 @@ BigDecimal_div2(VALUE self, VALUE b, VALUE n)
     }
 
     /* div in BigDecimal sense */
-    ix = GetPrecisionInt(n);
+    ix = check_int_precision(n);
     if (ix == 0) {
         return BigDecimal_div(self, b);
     }
@@ -1997,7 +2198,7 @@ BigDecimal_div2(VALUE self, VALUE b, VALUE n)
         size_t b_prec = ix;
         size_t pl = VpSetPrecLimit(0);
 
-        GUARD_OBJ(cv, VpCreateRbObject(mx + VpBaseFig(), "0", true));
+        GUARD_OBJ(cv, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx + VpBaseFig()));
         GUARD_OBJ(av, GetVpValue(self, 1));
         /* TODO: I want to refactor this precision control for a float value later
          *       by introducing an implicit conversion function instead of
@@ -2008,7 +2209,7 @@ BigDecimal_div2(VALUE self, VALUE b, VALUE n)
         GUARD_OBJ(bv, GetVpValueWithPrec(b, b_prec, 1));
         mx = av->Prec + bv->Prec + 2;
         if (mx <= cv->MaxPrec) mx = cv->MaxPrec + 1;
-        GUARD_OBJ(res, VpCreateRbObject((mx * 2  + 2)*VpBaseFig(), "#0", true));
+        GUARD_OBJ(res, NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, (mx * 2  + 2)*VpBaseFig()));
         VpDivd(cv, res, av, bv);
         VpSetPrecLimit(pl);
         VpLeftRound(cv, VpGetRoundMode(), ix);
@@ -2091,7 +2292,7 @@ BigDecimal_add2(VALUE self, VALUE b, VALUE n)
 {
     ENTER(2);
     Real *cv;
-    SIGNED_VALUE mx = GetPrecisionInt(n);
+    SIGNED_VALUE mx = check_int_precision(n);
     if (mx == 0) return BigDecimal_add(self, b);
     else {
 	size_t pl = VpSetPrecLimit(0);
@@ -2121,7 +2322,7 @@ BigDecimal_sub2(VALUE self, VALUE b, VALUE n)
 {
     ENTER(2);
     Real *cv;
-    SIGNED_VALUE mx = GetPrecisionInt(n);
+    SIGNED_VALUE mx = check_int_precision(n);
     if (mx == 0) return BigDecimal_sub(self, b);
     else {
 	size_t pl = VpSetPrecLimit(0);
@@ -2164,7 +2365,7 @@ BigDecimal_mult2(VALUE self, VALUE b, VALUE n)
 {
     ENTER(2);
     Real *cv;
-    SIGNED_VALUE mx = GetPrecisionInt(n);
+    SIGNED_VALUE mx = check_int_precision(n);
     if (mx == 0) return BigDecimal_mult(self, b);
     else {
 	size_t pl = VpSetPrecLimit(0);
@@ -2196,7 +2397,7 @@ BigDecimal_abs(VALUE self)
 
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec *(VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpAsgn(c, a, 1);
     VpChangeSign(c, 1);
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
@@ -2219,9 +2420,10 @@ BigDecimal_sqrt(VALUE self, VALUE nFig)
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
 
-    n = GetPrecisionInt(nFig) + VpDblFig() + BASE_FIG;
+    n = check_int_precision(nFig);
+    n += VpDblFig() + VpBaseFig();
     if (mx <= n) mx = n;
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpSqrt(c, a);
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -2237,7 +2439,7 @@ BigDecimal_fix(VALUE self)
 
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec *(VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpActiveRound(c, a, VP_ROUND_DOWN, 0); /* 0: round off */
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -2310,7 +2512,7 @@ BigDecimal_round(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     pl = VpSetPrecLimit(0);
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpSetPrecLimit(pl);
     VpActiveRound(c, a, sw, iLoc);
     if (round_to_int) {
@@ -2356,7 +2558,7 @@ BigDecimal_truncate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpSetPrecLimit(pl);
     VpActiveRound(c, a, VP_ROUND_DOWN, iLoc); /* 0: truncate */
     if (argc == 0) {
@@ -2376,7 +2578,7 @@ BigDecimal_frac(VALUE self)
 
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpFrac(c, a);
     return VpCheckGetValue(c);
 }
@@ -2416,7 +2618,7 @@ BigDecimal_floor(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpSetPrecLimit(pl);
     VpActiveRound(c, a, VP_ROUND_FLOOR, iLoc);
 #ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
@@ -2462,7 +2664,7 @@ BigDecimal_ceil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     GUARD_OBJ(a, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     mx = a->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
-    GUARD_OBJ(c, VpCreateRbObject(mx, "0", true));
+    GUARD_OBJ(c, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mx));
     VpSetPrecLimit(pl);
     VpActiveRound(c, a, VP_ROUND_CEIL, iLoc);
     if (argc == 0) {
@@ -2487,7 +2689,7 @@ BigDecimal_ceil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  * A space at the start of s returns positive values with a leading space.
  *
  * If s contains a number, a space is inserted after each group of that many
- * fractional digits.
+ * digits, starting from '.' and counting outwards.
  *
  * If s ends with an 'E', engineering notation (0.xxxxEnn) is used.
  *
@@ -2495,14 +2697,14 @@ BigDecimal_ceil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *
  * Examples:
  *
- *   BigDecimal('-123.45678901234567890').to_s('5F')
- *     #=> '-123.45678 90123 45678 9'
+ *   BigDecimal('-1234567890123.45678901234567890').to_s('5F')
+ *     #=> '-123 45678 90123.45678 90123 45678 9'
  *
- *   BigDecimal('123.45678901234567890').to_s('+8F')
- *     #=> '+123.45678901 23456789'
+ *   BigDecimal('1234567890123.45678901234567890').to_s('+8F')
+ *     #=> '+12345 67890123.45678901 23456789'
  *
- *   BigDecimal('123.45678901234567890').to_s(' F')
- *     #=> ' 123.4567890123456789'
+ *   BigDecimal('1234567890123.45678901234567890').to_s(' F')
+ *     #=> ' 1234567890123.4567890123456789'
  */
 static VALUE
 BigDecimal_to_s(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -2566,10 +2768,10 @@ BigDecimal_to_s(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     psz = RSTRING_PTR(str);
 
     if (fmt) {
-	VpToFString(vp, psz, mc, fPlus);
+	VpToFString(vp, psz, RSTRING_LEN(str), mc, fPlus);
     }
     else {
-	VpToString (vp, psz, mc, fPlus);
+	VpToString (vp, psz, RSTRING_LEN(str), mc, fPlus);
     }
     rb_str_resize(str, strlen(psz));
     return str;
@@ -2611,7 +2813,7 @@ BigDecimal_split(VALUE self)
     GUARD_OBJ(vp, GetVpValue(self, 1));
     str = rb_str_new(0, VpNumOfChars(vp, "E"));
     psz1 = RSTRING_PTR(str);
-    VpSzMantissa(vp, psz1);
+    VpSzMantissa(vp, psz1, RSTRING_LEN(str));
     s = 1;
     if(psz1[0] == '-') {
 	size_t len = strlen(psz1 + 1);
@@ -2660,7 +2862,7 @@ BigDecimal_inspect(VALUE self)
     nc = VpNumOfChars(vp, "E");
 
     str = rb_str_new(0, nc);
-    VpToString(vp, RSTRING_PTR(str), 0, 0);
+    VpToString(vp, RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str), 0, 0);
     rb_str_resize(str, strlen(RSTRING_PTR(str)));
     return str;
 }
@@ -2770,7 +2972,7 @@ bigdecimal_power_by_bigdecimal(Real const* x, Real const* exp, ssize_t const n)
     volatile VALUE obj = exp->obj;
 
     if (VpIsZero(exp)) {
-        return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "1", true));
+        return VpCheckGetValue(NewOneWrapLimited(1, n));
     }
 
     log_x = BigMath_log(x->obj, SSIZET2NUM(n+1));
@@ -2808,9 +3010,9 @@ BigDecimal_power(int argc, VALUE*argv, VALUE self)
     n = NIL_P(prec) ? (ssize_t)(x->Prec*VpBaseFig()) : NUM2SSIZET(prec);
 
     if (VpIsNaN(x)) {
-        y = VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true);
-	RB_GC_GUARD(y->obj);
-	VpSetNaN(y);
+        y = NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n);
+        VpSetNaN(y);
+        RB_GC_GUARD(y->obj);
         return VpCheckGetValue(y);
     }
 
@@ -2879,136 +3081,126 @@ BigDecimal_power(int argc, VALUE*argv, VALUE self)
     }
 
     if (VpIsZero(x)) {
-	if (is_negative(vexp)) {
-            y = VpCreateRbObject(n, "#0", true);
-	    RB_GC_GUARD(y->obj);
-	    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x)) {
-		if (is_integer(vexp)) {
-		    if (is_even(vexp)) {
-			/* (-0) ** (-even_integer)  -> Infinity */
-			VpSetPosInf(y);
-		    }
-		    else {
-			/* (-0) ** (-odd_integer)  -> -Infinity */
-			VpSetNegInf(y);
-		    }
-		}
-		else {
-		    /* (-0) ** (-non_integer)  -> Infinity */
-		    VpSetPosInf(y);
-		}
-	    }
-	    else {
-		/* (+0) ** (-num)  -> Infinity */
-		VpSetPosInf(y);
-	    }
+        if (is_negative(vexp)) {
+            y = NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, n);
+            if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x)) {
+                if (is_integer(vexp)) {
+                    if (is_even(vexp)) {
+                        /* (-0) ** (-even_integer)  -> Infinity */
+                        VpSetPosInf(y);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        /* (-0) ** (-odd_integer)  -> -Infinity */
+                        VpSetNegInf(y);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    /* (-0) ** (-non_integer)  -> Infinity */
+                    VpSetPosInf(y);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                /* (+0) ** (-num)  -> Infinity */
+                VpSetPosInf(y);
+            }
+            RB_GC_GUARD(y->obj);
             return VpCheckGetValue(y);
-	}
-	else if (is_zero(vexp)) {
-            return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "1", true));
-	}
-	else {
-            return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true));
-	}
+        }
+        else if (is_zero(vexp)) {
+            return VpCheckGetValue(NewOneWrapLimited(1, n));
+        }
+        else {
+            return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n));
+        }
     }
 
     if (is_zero(vexp)) {
-        return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "1", true));
+        return VpCheckGetValue(NewOneWrapLimited(1, n));
     }
     else if (is_one(vexp)) {
-	return self;
+        return self;
     }
 
     if (VpIsInf(x)) {
-	if (is_negative(vexp)) {
-	    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x)) {
-		if (is_integer(vexp)) {
-		    if (is_even(vexp)) {
-			/* (-Infinity) ** (-even_integer) -> +0 */
-                        return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true));
-		    }
-		    else {
-			/* (-Infinity) ** (-odd_integer) -> -0 */
-                        return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "-0", true));
-		    }
-		}
-		else {
-		    /* (-Infinity) ** (-non_integer) -> -0 */
-                    return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "-0", true));
-		}
-	    }
-	    else {
-                return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true));
-	    }
-	}
-	else {
-            y = VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true);
-	    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x)) {
-		if (is_integer(vexp)) {
-		    if (is_even(vexp)) {
-			VpSetPosInf(y);
-		    }
-		    else {
-			VpSetNegInf(y);
-		    }
-		}
-		else {
-		    /* TODO: support complex */
-		    rb_raise(rb_eMathDomainError,
-			     "a non-integral exponent for a negative base");
-		}
-	    }
-	    else {
-		VpSetPosInf(y);
-	    }
+        if (is_negative(vexp)) {
+            if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x)) {
+                if (is_integer(vexp)) {
+                    if (is_even(vexp)) {
+                        /* (-Infinity) ** (-even_integer) -> +0 */
+                        return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n));
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        /* (-Infinity) ** (-odd_integer) -> -0 */
+                        return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(-1, n));
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    /* (-Infinity) ** (-non_integer) -> -0 */
+                    return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(-1, n));
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n));
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            y = NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n);
+            if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x)) {
+                if (is_integer(vexp)) {
+                    if (is_even(vexp)) {
+                        VpSetPosInf(y);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        VpSetNegInf(y);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    /* TODO: support complex */
+                    rb_raise(rb_eMathDomainError,
+                            "a non-integral exponent for a negative base");
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                VpSetPosInf(y);
+            }
             return VpCheckGetValue(y);
-	}
+        }
     }
 
     if (exp != NULL) {
-	return bigdecimal_power_by_bigdecimal(x, exp, n);
+        return bigdecimal_power_by_bigdecimal(x, exp, n);
     }
     else if (RB_TYPE_P(vexp, T_BIGNUM)) {
-	VALUE abs_value = BigDecimal_abs(self);
-	if (is_one(abs_value)) {
-            return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "1", true));
-	}
-	else if (RTEST(rb_funcall(abs_value, '<', 1, INT2FIX(1)))) {
-	    if (is_negative(vexp)) {
-                y = VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true);
-		if (is_even(vexp)) {
-		    VpSetInf(y, VpGetSign(x));
-		}
-		else {
-		    VpSetInf(y, -VpGetSign(x));
-		}
+        VALUE abs_value = BigDecimal_abs(self);
+        if (is_one(abs_value)) {
+            return VpCheckGetValue(NewOneWrapLimited(1, n));
+        }
+        else if (RTEST(rb_funcall(abs_value, '<', 1, INT2FIX(1)))) {
+            if (is_negative(vexp)) {
+                y = NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n);
+                VpSetInf(y, (is_even(vexp) ? 1 : -1) * VpGetSign(x));
                 return VpCheckGetValue(y);
-	    }
-	    else if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x) && is_even(vexp)) {
-                return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "-0", true));
-	    }
-	    else {
-                return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true));
-	    }
-	}
-	else {
-	    if (is_positive(vexp)) {
-                y = VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true);
-		if (is_even(vexp)) {
-		    VpSetInf(y, VpGetSign(x));
-		}
-		else {
-		    VpSetInf(y, -VpGetSign(x));
-		}
+            }
+            else if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x) && is_even(vexp)) {
+                return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(-1, n));
+            }
+            else {
+                return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n));
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            if (is_positive(vexp)) {
+                y = NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n);
+                VpSetInf(y, (is_even(vexp) ? 1 : -1) * VpGetSign(x));
                 return VpCheckGetValue(y);
-	    }
-	    else if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x) && is_even(vexp)) {
-                return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "-0", true));
-	    }
-	    else {
-                return VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(n, "0", true));
-	    }
-	}
+            }
+            else if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(x) && is_even(vexp)) {
+                return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(-1, n));
+            }
+            else {
+                return VpCheckGetValue(NewZeroWrapLimited(1, n));
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     int_exp = FIX2LONG(vexp);
@@ -3017,15 +3209,15 @@ BigDecimal_power(int argc, VALUE*argv, VALUE self)
     if (ma == 0) ma = 1;
 
     if (VpIsDef(x)) {
-	mp = x->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
-        GUARD_OBJ(y, VpCreateRbObject(mp * (ma + 1), "0", true));
+        mp = x->Prec * (VpBaseFig() + 1);
+        GUARD_OBJ(y, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, mp * (ma + 1)));
     }
     else {
-        GUARD_OBJ(y, VpCreateRbObject(1, "0", true));
+        GUARD_OBJ(y, NewZeroWrapLimited(1, 1));
     }
     VpPowerByInt(y, x, int_exp);
     if (!NIL_P(prec) && VpIsDef(y)) {
-	VpMidRound(y, VpGetRoundMode(), n);
+        VpMidRound(y, VpGetRoundMode(), n);
     }
     return VpCheckGetValue(y);
 }
@@ -3114,7 +3306,7 @@ rb_uint64_convert_to_BigDecimal(uint64_t uval, RB_UNUSED_VAR(size_t digs), int r
 
     Real *vp;
     if (uval == 0) {
-        vp = VpAllocReal(1);
+        vp = rbd_allocate_struct(1);
         vp->MaxPrec = 1;
         vp->Prec = 1;
         vp->exponent = 1;
@@ -3122,7 +3314,7 @@ rb_uint64_convert_to_BigDecimal(uint64_t uval, RB_UNUSED_VAR(size_t digs), int r
         vp->frac[0] = 0;
     }
     else if (uval < BASE) {
-        vp = VpAllocReal(1);
+        vp = rbd_allocate_struct(1);
         vp->MaxPrec = 1;
         vp->Prec = 1;
         vp->exponent = 1;
@@ -3148,7 +3340,7 @@ rb_uint64_convert_to_BigDecimal(uint64_t uval, RB_UNUSED_VAR(size_t digs), int r
         }
 
         const size_t exp = len + ntz;
-        vp = VpAllocReal(len);
+        vp = rbd_allocate_struct(len);
         vp->MaxPrec = len;
         vp->Prec = len;
         vp->exponent = exp;
@@ -3500,6 +3692,9 @@ rb_convert_to_BigDecimal(VALUE val, size_t digs, int raise_exception)
  *  in the value, the result is rounded to that number of digits,
  *  according to the current rounding mode; see BigDecimal.mode.
  *
+ *  When +ndigits+ is 0, the number of digits to correctly represent a float number
+ *  is determined automatically.
+ *
  *  Returns +value+ converted to a \BigDecimal, depending on the type of +value+:
  *
  *  - Integer, Float, Rational, Complex, or BigDecimal: converted directly:
@@ -3527,7 +3722,7 @@ rb_convert_to_BigDecimal(VALUE val, size_t digs, int raise_exception)
  *  - Other type:
  *
  *    - Raises an exception if keyword argument +exception+ is +true+.
- *    - Returns +nil+ if keyword argument +exception+ is +true+.
+ *    - Returns +nil+ if keyword argument +exception+ is +false+.
  *
  *  Raises an exception if +value+ evaluates to a Float
  *  and +digits+ is larger than Float::DIG + 1.
@@ -3606,8 +3801,10 @@ BigDecimal_limit(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 /* Returns the sign of the value.
  *
- * Returns a positive value if > 0, a negative value if < 0, and a
- * zero if == 0.
+ * Returns a positive value if > 0, a negative value if < 0.
+ * It behaves the same with zeros -
+ * it returns a positive value for a positive zero (BigDecimal('0')) and
+ * a negative value for a negative zero (BigDecimal('-0')).
  *
  * The specific value returned indicates the type and sign of the BigDecimal,
  * as follows:
@@ -3771,18 +3968,16 @@ BigMath_s_exp(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE vprec)
             return VpCheckGetValue(GetVpValueWithPrec(INT2FIX(0), prec, 1));
 	}
 	else {
-	    Real* vy;
-            vy = VpCreateRbObject(prec, "#0", true);
+	    Real* vy = NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, prec);
 	    VpSetInf(vy, VP_SIGN_POSITIVE_INFINITE);
 	    RB_GC_GUARD(vy->obj);
             return VpCheckGetValue(vy);
 	}
     }
     else if (nan) {
-	Real* vy;
-        vy = VpCreateRbObject(prec, "#0", true);
-	VpSetNaN(vy);
-	RB_GC_GUARD(vy->obj);
+        Real* vy = NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, prec);
+        VpSetNaN(vy);
+        RB_GC_GUARD(vy->obj);
         return VpCheckGetValue(vy);
     }
     else if (vx == NULL) {
@@ -3800,7 +3995,7 @@ BigMath_s_exp(VALUE klass, VALUE x, VALUE vprec)
 	VpSetSign(vx, 1);
     }
 
-    one = VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(1, "1", true));
+    one = VpCheckGetValue(NewOneWrapLimited(1, 1));
     y   = one;
     d   = y;
     i   = 1;
@@ -3927,15 +4122,13 @@ get_vp_value:
 	break;
     }
     if (infinite && !negative) {
-	Real* vy;
-        vy = VpCreateRbObject(prec, "#0", true);
+        Real *vy = NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, prec);
 	RB_GC_GUARD(vy->obj);
 	VpSetInf(vy, VP_SIGN_POSITIVE_INFINITE);
         return VpCheckGetValue(vy);
     }
     else if (nan) {
-	Real* vy;
-        vy = VpCreateRbObject(prec, "#0", true);
+	Real* vy = NewZeroWrapNolimit(1, prec);
 	RB_GC_GUARD(vy->obj);
 	VpSetNaN(vy);
         return VpCheckGetValue(vy);
@@ -3949,11 +4142,11 @@ get_vp_value:
     }
     x = VpCheckGetValue(vx);
 
-    RB_GC_GUARD(one) = VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(1, "1", true));
-    RB_GC_GUARD(two) = VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(1, "2", true));
+    one = VpCheckGetValue(NewOneWrapLimited(1, 1));
+    two = VpCheckGetValue(VpCreateRbObject(1, "2", true));
 
     n = prec + BIGDECIMAL_DOUBLE_FIGURES;
-    RB_GC_GUARD(vn) = SSIZET2NUM(n);
+    vn = SSIZET2NUM(n);
     expo = VpExponent10(vx);
     if (expo < 0 || expo >= 3) {
 	char buf[DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(SIZEOF_VALUE * CHAR_BIT) + 4];
@@ -3965,9 +4158,9 @@ get_vp_value:
     }
     w = BigDecimal_sub(x, one);
     x = BigDecimal_div2(w, BigDecimal_add(x, one), vn);
-    RB_GC_GUARD(x2) = BigDecimal_mult2(x, x, vn);
-    RB_GC_GUARD(y)  = x;
-    RB_GC_GUARD(d)  = y;
+    x2 = BigDecimal_mult2(x, x, vn);
+    y = x;
+    d = y;
     i = 1;
     while (!VpIsZero((Real*)DATA_PTR(d))) {
 	SIGNED_VALUE const ey = VpExponent10(DATA_PTR(y));
@@ -3995,6 +4188,13 @@ get_vp_value:
 	y = BigDecimal_add(y, dy);
     }
 
+    RB_GC_GUARD(one);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(two);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(vn);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(x2);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(y);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(d);
+
     return y;
 }
 
@@ -4163,7 +4363,20 @@ BigDecimal_negative_zero(void)
  *      (2/3r).to_d(3)  # => 0.667e0
  *      "0.5".to_d      # => 0.5e0
  *
- * == License
+ * == Methods for Working with \JSON
+ *
+ * - {::json_create}[rdoc-ref:BigDecimal.json_create]:
+ *   Returns a new \BigDecimal object constructed from the given object.
+ * - {#as_json}[rdoc-ref:BigDecimal#as_json]:
+ *   Returns a 2-element hash representing +self+.
+ * - {#to_json}[rdoc-ref:BigDecimal#to_json]:
+ *   Returns a \JSON string representing +self+.
+ *
+ * These methods are provided by the {JSON gem}[https://github.com/flori/json]. To make these methods available:
+ *
+ *   require 'json/add/bigdecimal'
+ *
+ * * == License
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2002 by Shigeo Kobayashi <shigeo@tinyforest.gr.jp>.
  *
@@ -4211,13 +4424,10 @@ Init_bigdecimal(void)
 
     /* Constants definition */
 
-#ifndef RUBY_BIGDECIMAL_VERSION
-# error RUBY_BIGDECIMAL_VERSION is not defined
-#endif
     /*
      * The version of bigdecimal library
      */
-    rb_define_const(rb_cBigDecimal, "VERSION", rb_str_new2(RUBY_BIGDECIMAL_VERSION));
+    rb_define_const(rb_cBigDecimal, "VERSION", rb_str_new2(BIGDECIMAL_VERSION));
 
     /*
      * Base value used in internal calculations.  On a 32 bit system, BASE
@@ -4414,20 +4624,31 @@ Init_bigdecimal(void)
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mBigMath, "exp", BigMath_s_exp, 2);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mBigMath, "log", BigMath_s_log, 2);
 
-    id_up = rb_intern_const("up");
-    id_down = rb_intern_const("down");
-    id_truncate = rb_intern_const("truncate");
-    id_half_up = rb_intern_const("half_up");
-    id_default = rb_intern_const("default");
-    id_half_down = rb_intern_const("half_down");
-    id_half_even = rb_intern_const("half_even");
-    id_banker = rb_intern_const("banker");
-    id_ceiling = rb_intern_const("ceiling");
-    id_ceil = rb_intern_const("ceil");
-    id_floor = rb_intern_const("floor");
+#define ROUNDING_MODE(i, name, value) \
+    id_##name = rb_intern_const(#name); \
+    rbd_rounding_modes[i].id   = id_##name; \
+    rbd_rounding_modes[i].mode = value;
+
+    ROUNDING_MODE(0, up,        RBD_ROUND_UP);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(1, down,      RBD_ROUND_DOWN);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(2, half_up,   RBD_ROUND_HALF_UP);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(3, half_down, RBD_ROUND_HALF_DOWN);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(4, ceil,      RBD_ROUND_CEIL);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(5, floor,     RBD_ROUND_FLOOR);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(6, half_even, RBD_ROUND_HALF_EVEN);
+
+    ROUNDING_MODE(7,  default,   RBD_ROUND_DEFAULT);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(8,  truncate,  RBD_ROUND_TRUNCATE);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(9,  banker,    RBD_ROUND_BANKER);
+    ROUNDING_MODE(10, ceiling,   RBD_ROUND_CEILING);
+
+#undef ROUNDING_MODE
+
     id_to_r = rb_intern_const("to_r");
     id_eq = rb_intern_const("==");
     id_half = rb_intern_const("half");
+
+    (void)VPrint;  /* suppress unused warning */
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4447,7 +4668,7 @@ static int gfCheckVal = 1;      /* Value checking flag in VpNmlz()  */
 #endif /* BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG */
 
 static Real *VpConstOne;    /* constant 1.0 */
-static Real *VpPt5;        /* constant 0.5 */
+static Real *VpConstPt5;    /* constant 0.5 */
 #define maxnr 100UL    /* Maximum iterations for calculating sqrt. */
                 /* used in VpSqrt() */
 
@@ -4478,42 +4699,6 @@ static int VpRdup(Real *m, size_t ind_m);
 static int gnAlloc = 0; /* Memory allocation counter */
 #endif /* BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG */
 
-VP_EXPORT void *
-VpMemAlloc(size_t mb)
-{
-    void *p = xmalloc(mb);
-    memset(p, 0, mb);
-#ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
-    gnAlloc++; /* Count allocation call */
-#endif /* BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG */
-    return p;
-}
-
-VP_EXPORT void *
-VpMemRealloc(void *ptr, size_t mb)
-{
-    return xrealloc(ptr, mb);
-}
-
-VP_EXPORT void
-VpFree(Real *pv)
-{
-    if (pv != NULL) {
-	xfree(pv);
-#ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
-	gnAlloc--; /* Decrement allocation count */
-	if (gnAlloc == 0) {
-	    printf(" *************** All memories allocated freed ****************\n");
-	    /*getchar();*/
-	}
-	if (gnAlloc <  0) {
-	    printf(" ??????????? Too many memory free calls(%d) ?????????????\n", gnAlloc);
-	    /*getchar();*/
-	}
-#endif /* BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG */
-    }
-}
-
 /*
  * EXCEPTION Handling.
  */
@@ -4902,9 +5087,13 @@ VpInit(DECDIG BaseVal)
     /* Setup +/- Inf  NaN -0 */
     VpGetDoubleNegZero();
 
-    /* Allocates Vp constants. */
-    VpConstOne = VpAlloc(1UL, "1", 1, 1);
-    VpPt5 = VpAlloc(1UL, ".5", 1, 1);
+    /* Const 1.0 */
+    VpConstOne = NewOneNolimit(1, 1);
+
+    /* Const 0.5 */
+    VpConstPt5 = NewOneNolimit(1, 1);
+    VpConstPt5->exponent = 0;
+    VpConstPt5->frac[0] = 5*BASE1;
 
 #ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
     gnAlloc = 0;
@@ -4993,7 +5182,7 @@ bigdecimal_parse_special_string(const char *str)
         p = str + table[i].len;
         while (*p && ISSPACE(*p)) ++p;
         if (*p == '\0') {
-            Real *vp = VpAllocReal(1);
+            Real *vp = rbd_allocate_struct(1);
             vp->MaxPrec = 1;
             switch (table[i].sign) {
               default:
@@ -5017,11 +5206,11 @@ bigdecimal_parse_special_string(const char *str)
 /*
  * Allocates variable.
  * [Input]
- *   mx ... allocation unit, if zero then mx is determined by szVal.
- *    The mx is the number of effective digits can to be stored.
- *   szVal ... value assigned(char). If szVal==NULL,then zero is assumed.
- *            If szVal[0]=='#' then Max. Prec. will not be considered(1.1.7),
- *            full precision specified by szVal is allocated.
+ *   mx ... The number of decimal digits to be allocated, if zero then mx is determined by szVal.
+ *          The mx will be the number of significant digits can to be stored.
+ *   szVal ... The value assigned(char). If szVal==NULL, then zero is assumed.
+ *             If szVal[0]=='#' then MaxPrec is not affected by the precision limit
+ *             so that the full precision specified by szVal is allocated.
  *
  * [Returns]
  *   Pointer to the newly allocated variable, or
@@ -5032,48 +5221,40 @@ VpAlloc(size_t mx, const char *szVal, int strict_p, int exc)
 {
     const char *orig_szVal = szVal;
     size_t i, j, ni, ipf, nf, ipe, ne, dot_seen, exp_seen, nalloc;
+    size_t len;
     char v, *psz;
     int  sign=1;
     Real *vp = NULL;
-    size_t mf = VpGetPrecLimit();
     VALUE buf;
 
-    mx = (mx + BASE_FIG - 1) / BASE_FIG;    /* Determine allocation unit. */
-    if (mx == 0) ++mx;
-
-    if (szVal) {
-        /* Skipping leading spaces */
-        while (ISSPACE(*szVal)) szVal++;
-
-        /* Processing the leading one `#` */
-        if (*szVal != '#') {
-            if (mf) {
-                mf = (mf + BASE_FIG - 1) / BASE_FIG + 2; /* Needs 1 more for div */
-                if (mx > mf) {
-                    mx = mf;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            ++szVal;
-        }
-    }
-    else {
+    if (szVal == NULL) {
       return_zero:
         /* necessary to be able to store */
         /* at least mx digits. */
         /* szVal==NULL ==> allocate zero value. */
-        vp = VpAllocReal(mx);
-        vp->MaxPrec = mx;    /* set max precision */
+        vp = rbd_allocate_struct(mx);
+        vp->MaxPrec = rbd_calculate_internal_digits(mx, false);  /* Must false */
         VpSetZero(vp, 1);    /* initialize vp to zero. */
         return vp;
     }
 
+    /* Skipping leading spaces */
+    while (ISSPACE(*szVal)) szVal++;
+
     /* Check on Inf & NaN */
     if ((vp = bigdecimal_parse_special_string(szVal)) != NULL) {
         return vp;
     }
 
+    /* Processing the leading one `#` */
+    if (*szVal != '#') {
+        len = rbd_calculate_internal_digits(mx, true);
+    }
+    else {
+        len = rbd_calculate_internal_digits(mx, false);
+        ++szVal;
+    }
+
     /* Scanning digits */
 
     /* A buffer for keeping scanned digits */
@@ -5235,11 +5416,11 @@ VpAlloc(size_t mx, const char *szVal, int strict_p, int exc)
 
     nalloc = (ni + nf + BASE_FIG - 1) / BASE_FIG + 1;    /* set effective allocation  */
     /* units for szVal[]  */
-    if (mx == 0) mx = 1;
-    nalloc = Max(nalloc, mx);
-    mx = nalloc;
-    vp = VpAllocReal(mx);
-    vp->MaxPrec = mx;        /* set max precision */
+    if (len == 0) len = 1;
+    nalloc = Max(nalloc, len);
+    len = nalloc;
+    vp = rbd_allocate_struct(len);
+    vp->MaxPrec = len;        /* set max precision */
     VpSetZero(vp, sign);
     VpCtoV(vp, psz, ni, psz + ipf, nf, psz + ipe, ne);
     rb_str_resize(buf, 0);
@@ -5804,7 +5985,7 @@ VpMult(Real *c, Real *a, Real *b)
 
     if (MxIndC < MxIndAB) {    /* The Max. prec. of c < Prec(a)+Prec(b) */
 	w = c;
-	c = VpAlloc((size_t)((MxIndAB + 1) * BASE_FIG), "#0", 1, 1);
+        c = NewZeroNolimit(1, (size_t)((MxIndAB + 1) * BASE_FIG));
 	MxIndC = MxIndAB;
     }
 
@@ -5812,8 +5993,8 @@ VpMult(Real *c, Real *a, Real *b)
 
     c->exponent = a->exponent;    /* set exponent */
     if (!AddExponent(c, b->exponent)) {
-	if (w) VpFree(c);
-	return 0;
+        if (w) rbd_free_struct(c);
+        return 0;
     }
     VpSetSign(c, VpGetSign(a) * VpGetSign(b));    /* set sign  */
     carry = 0;
@@ -5863,10 +6044,10 @@ VpMult(Real *c, Real *a, Real *b)
 	}
     }
     if (w != NULL) {        /* free work variable */
-	VpNmlz(c);
-	VpAsgn(w, c, 1);
-	VpFree(c);
-	c = w;
+        VpNmlz(c);
+        VpAsgn(w, c, 1);
+        rbd_free_struct(c);
+        c = w;
     }
     else {
 	VpLimitRound(c,0);
@@ -6235,7 +6416,6 @@ Exit:
  *     Note: % must not appear more than once
  *    a  ... VP variable to be printed
  */
-#ifdef BIGDECIMAL_ENABLE_VPRINT
 static int
 VPrint(FILE *fp, const char *cntl_chr, Real *a)
 {
@@ -6248,95 +6428,94 @@ VPrint(FILE *fp, const char *cntl_chr, Real *a)
     /*  nc : number of characters printed  */
     ZeroSup = 1;        /* Flag not to print the leading zeros as 0.00xxxxEnn */
     while (*(cntl_chr + j)) {
-	if (*(cntl_chr + j) == '%' && *(cntl_chr + j + 1) != '%') {
-	    nc = 0;
-	    if (VpIsNaN(a)) {
-		fprintf(fp, SZ_NaN);
-		nc += 8;
-	    }
-	    else if (VpIsPosInf(a)) {
-		fprintf(fp, SZ_INF);
-		nc += 8;
-	    }
-	    else if (VpIsNegInf(a)) {
-		fprintf(fp, SZ_NINF);
-		nc += 9;
-	    }
-	    else if (!VpIsZero(a)) {
-		if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) {
-		    fprintf(fp, "-");
-		    ++nc;
-		}
-		nc += fprintf(fp, "0.");
-		switch (*(cntl_chr + j + 1)) {
-		default:
-		    break;
+        if (*(cntl_chr + j) == '%' && *(cntl_chr + j + 1) != '%') {
+            nc = 0;
+            if (VpIsNaN(a)) {
+                fprintf(fp, SZ_NaN);
+                nc += 8;
+            }
+            else if (VpIsPosInf(a)) {
+                fprintf(fp, SZ_INF);
+                nc += 8;
+            }
+            else if (VpIsNegInf(a)) {
+                fprintf(fp, SZ_NINF);
+                nc += 9;
+            }
+            else if (!VpIsZero(a)) {
+                if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) {
+                    fprintf(fp, "-");
+                    ++nc;
+                }
+                nc += fprintf(fp, "0.");
+                switch (*(cntl_chr + j + 1)) {
+                  default:
+                    break;
 
-		case '0': case 'z':
-		    ZeroSup = 0;
-		    ++j;
-		    sep = cntl_chr[j] == 'z' ? BIGDECIMAL_COMPONENT_FIGURES : 10;
-		    break;
-		}
-		for (i = 0; i < a->Prec; ++i) {
-		    m = BASE1;
-		    e = a->frac[i];
-		    while (m) {
-			nn = e / m;
-			if (!ZeroSup || nn) {
-			    nc += fprintf(fp, "%lu", (unsigned long)nn);    /* The leading zero(s) */
-			    /* as 0.00xx will not */
-			    /* be printed. */
-			    ++nd;
-			    ZeroSup = 0;    /* Set to print succeeding zeros */
-			}
-			if (nd >= sep) {    /* print ' ' after every 10 digits */
-			    nd = 0;
-			    nc += fprintf(fp, " ");
-			}
-			e = e - nn * m;
-			m /= 10;
-		    }
-		}
-		nc += fprintf(fp, "E%"PRIdSIZE, VpExponent10(a));
-		nc += fprintf(fp, " (%"PRIdVALUE", %lu, %lu)", a->exponent, a->Prec, a->MaxPrec);
-	    }
-	    else {
-		nc += fprintf(fp, "0.0");
-	    }
-	}
-	else {
-	    ++nc;
-	    if (*(cntl_chr + j) == '\\') {
-		switch (*(cntl_chr + j + 1)) {
-		  case 'n':
-		    fprintf(fp, "\n");
-		    ++j;
-		    break;
-		  case 't':
-		    fprintf(fp, "\t");
-		    ++j;
-		    break;
-		  case 'b':
-		    fprintf(fp, "\n");
-		    ++j;
-		    break;
-		  default:
-		    fprintf(fp, "%c", *(cntl_chr + j));
-		    break;
-		}
-	    }
-	    else {
-		fprintf(fp, "%c", *(cntl_chr + j));
-		if (*(cntl_chr + j) == '%') ++j;
-	    }
-	}
-	j++;
+                  case '0': case 'z':
+                    ZeroSup = 0;
+                    ++j;
+                    sep = cntl_chr[j] == 'z' ? BIGDECIMAL_COMPONENT_FIGURES : 10;
+                    break;
+                }
+                for (i = 0; i < a->Prec; ++i) {
+                    m = BASE1;
+                    e = a->frac[i];
+                    while (m) {
+                        nn = e / m;
+                        if (!ZeroSup || nn) {
+                            nc += fprintf(fp, "%lu", (unsigned long)nn);    /* The leading zero(s) */
+                            /* as 0.00xx will not */
+                            /* be printed. */
+                            ++nd;
+                            ZeroSup = 0;    /* Set to print succeeding zeros */
+                        }
+                        if (nd >= sep) {    /* print ' ' after every 10 digits */
+                            nd = 0;
+                            nc += fprintf(fp, " ");
+                        }
+                        e = e - nn * m;
+                        m /= 10;
+                    }
+                }
+                nc += fprintf(fp, "E%"PRIdSIZE, VpExponent10(a));
+                nc += fprintf(fp, " (%"PRIdVALUE", %"PRIuSIZE", %"PRIuSIZE")", a->exponent, a->Prec, a->MaxPrec);
+            }
+            else {
+                nc += fprintf(fp, "0.0");
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            ++nc;
+            if (*(cntl_chr + j) == '\\') {
+                switch (*(cntl_chr + j + 1)) {
+                  case 'n':
+                    fprintf(fp, "\n");
+                    ++j;
+                    break;
+                  case 't':
+                    fprintf(fp, "\t");
+                    ++j;
+                    break;
+                  case 'b':
+                    fprintf(fp, "\n");
+                    ++j;
+                    break;
+                  default:
+                    fprintf(fp, "%c", *(cntl_chr + j));
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                fprintf(fp, "%c", *(cntl_chr + j));
+                if (*(cntl_chr + j) == '%') ++j;
+            }
+        }
+        j++;
     }
 
     return (int)nc;
 }
-#endif
 
 static void
 VpFormatSt(char *psz, size_t fFmt)
@@ -6381,188 +6560,249 @@ VpExponent10(Real *a)
 }
 
 VP_EXPORT void
-VpSzMantissa(Real *a,char *psz)
+VpSzMantissa(Real *a, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
     size_t i, n, ZeroSup;
     DECDIG_DBL m, e, nn;
 
     if (VpIsNaN(a)) {
-	sprintf(psz, SZ_NaN);
-	return;
+        snprintf(buf, buflen, SZ_NaN);
+        return;
     }
     if (VpIsPosInf(a)) {
-	sprintf(psz, SZ_INF);
+	snprintf(buf, buflen, SZ_INF);
 	return;
     }
     if (VpIsNegInf(a)) {
-	sprintf(psz, SZ_NINF);
+	snprintf(buf, buflen, SZ_NINF);
 	return;
     }
 
     ZeroSup = 1;        /* Flag not to print the leading zeros as 0.00xxxxEnn */
     if (!VpIsZero(a)) {
-	if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) *psz++ = '-';
-	n = a->Prec;
-	for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-	    m = BASE1;
-	    e = a->frac[i];
-	    while (m) {
-		nn = e / m;
-		if (!ZeroSup || nn) {
-		    sprintf(psz, "%lu", (unsigned long)nn); /* The leading zero(s) */
-		    psz += strlen(psz);
-		    /* as 0.00xx will be ignored. */
-		    ZeroSup = 0; /* Set to print succeeding zeros */
-		}
-		e = e - nn * m;
-		m /= 10;
-	    }
-	}
-	*psz = 0;
-	while (psz[-1] == '0') *(--psz) = 0;
+        if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) *buf++ = '-';
+        n = a->Prec;
+        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+            m = BASE1;
+            e = a->frac[i];
+            while (m) {
+                nn = e / m;
+                if (!ZeroSup || nn) {
+                    snprintf(buf, buflen, "%lu", (unsigned long)nn); /* The leading zero(s) */
+                    buf += strlen(buf);
+                    /* as 0.00xx will be ignored. */
+                    ZeroSup = 0; /* Set to print succeeding zeros */
+                }
+                e = e - nn * m;
+                m /= 10;
+            }
+        }
+        *buf = 0;
+        while (buf[-1] == '0') *(--buf) = 0;
     }
     else {
-	if (VpIsPosZero(a)) sprintf(psz, "0");
-	else                sprintf(psz, "-0");
+	if (VpIsPosZero(a)) snprintf(buf, buflen, "0");
+	else                snprintf(buf, buflen, "-0");
     }
 }
 
 VP_EXPORT int
-VpToSpecialString(Real *a,char *psz,int fPlus)
+VpToSpecialString(Real *a, char *buf, size_t buflen, int fPlus)
 /* fPlus = 0: default, 1: set ' ' before digits, 2: set '+' before digits. */
 {
     if (VpIsNaN(a)) {
-	sprintf(psz,SZ_NaN);
-	return 1;
+        snprintf(buf, buflen, SZ_NaN);
+        return 1;
     }
 
     if (VpIsPosInf(a)) {
-	if (fPlus == 1) {
-	    *psz++ = ' ';
-	}
-	else if (fPlus == 2) {
-	    *psz++ = '+';
-	}
-	sprintf(psz, SZ_INF);
-	return 1;
+        if (fPlus == 1) {
+            *buf++ = ' ';
+        }
+        else if (fPlus == 2) {
+            *buf++ = '+';
+        }
+        snprintf(buf, buflen, SZ_INF);
+        return 1;
     }
     if (VpIsNegInf(a)) {
-	sprintf(psz, SZ_NINF);
-	return 1;
+        snprintf(buf, buflen, SZ_NINF);
+        return 1;
     }
     if (VpIsZero(a)) {
-	if (VpIsPosZero(a)) {
-	    if (fPlus == 1)      sprintf(psz, " 0.0");
-	    else if (fPlus == 2) sprintf(psz, "+0.0");
-	    else                 sprintf(psz,  "0.0");
-	}
-	else                     sprintf(psz, "-0.0");
-	return 1;
+        if (VpIsPosZero(a)) {
+            if (fPlus == 1)      snprintf(buf, buflen, " 0.0");
+            else if (fPlus == 2) snprintf(buf, buflen, "+0.0");
+            else                 snprintf(buf, buflen,  "0.0");
+        }
+        else                     snprintf(buf, buflen, "-0.0");
+        return 1;
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 VP_EXPORT void
-VpToString(Real *a, char *psz, size_t fFmt, int fPlus)
+VpToString(Real *a, char *buf, size_t buflen, size_t fFmt, int fPlus)
 /* fPlus = 0: default, 1: set ' ' before digits, 2: set '+' before digits. */
 {
     size_t i, n, ZeroSup;
     DECDIG shift, m, e, nn;
-    char *pszSav = psz;
+    char *p = buf;
+    size_t plen = buflen;
     ssize_t ex;
 
-    if (VpToSpecialString(a, psz, fPlus)) return;
+    if (VpToSpecialString(a, buf, buflen, fPlus)) return;
 
     ZeroSup = 1;    /* Flag not to print the leading zeros as 0.00xxxxEnn */
 
-    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) *psz++ = '-';
-    else if (fPlus == 1)  *psz++ = ' ';
-    else if (fPlus == 2)  *psz++ = '+';
+#define ADVANCE(n) do { \
+    if (plen < n) goto overflow; \
+    p += n; \
+    plen -= n; \
+} while (0)
+
+    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) {
+        *p = '-';
+        ADVANCE(1);
+    }
+    else if (fPlus == 1) {
+        *p = ' ';
+        ADVANCE(1);
+    }
+    else if (fPlus == 2) {
+        *p = '+';
+        ADVANCE(1);
+    }
+
+    *p = '0'; ADVANCE(1);
+    *p = '.'; ADVANCE(1);
 
-    *psz++ = '0';
-    *psz++ = '.';
     n = a->Prec;
     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-	m = BASE1;
-	e = a->frac[i];
-	while (m) {
-	    nn = e / m;
-	    if (!ZeroSup || nn) {
-		sprintf(psz, "%lu", (unsigned long)nn);    /* The reading zero(s) */
-		psz += strlen(psz);
-		/* as 0.00xx will be ignored. */
-		ZeroSup = 0;    /* Set to print succeeding zeros */
-	    }
-	    e = e - nn * m;
-	    m /= 10;
-	}
+        m = BASE1;
+        e = a->frac[i];
+        while (m) {
+            nn = e / m;
+            if (!ZeroSup || nn) {
+                /* The reading zero(s) */
+                size_t n = (size_t)snprintf(p, plen, "%lu", (unsigned long)nn);
+                if (n > plen) goto overflow;
+                ADVANCE(n);
+                /* as 0.00xx will be ignored. */
+                ZeroSup = 0;    /* Set to print succeeding zeros */
+            }
+            e = e - nn * m;
+            m /= 10;
+        }
     }
+
     ex = a->exponent * (ssize_t)BASE_FIG;
     shift = BASE1;
     while (a->frac[0] / shift == 0) {
-	--ex;
-	shift /= 10;
+        --ex;
+        shift /= 10;
     }
-    while (psz[-1] == '0') {
-	*(--psz) = 0;
+    while (p - 1 > buf && p[-1] == '0') {
+        *(--p) = '\0';
+        ++plen;
     }
-    sprintf(psz, "e%"PRIdSIZE, ex);
-    if (fFmt) VpFormatSt(pszSav, fFmt);
+    snprintf(p, plen, "e%"PRIdSIZE, ex);
+    if (fFmt) VpFormatSt(buf, fFmt);
+
+  overflow:
+    return;
+#undef ADVANCE
 }
 
 VP_EXPORT void
-VpToFString(Real *a, char *psz, size_t fFmt, int fPlus)
+VpToFString(Real *a, char *buf, size_t buflen, size_t fFmt, int fPlus)
 /* fPlus = 0: default, 1: set ' ' before digits, 2: set '+' before digits. */
 {
     size_t i, n;
-    DECDIG m, e, nn;
-    char *pszSav = psz;
+    DECDIG m, e;
+    char *p = buf;
+    size_t plen = buflen, delim = fFmt;
     ssize_t ex;
 
-    if (VpToSpecialString(a, psz, fPlus)) return;
+    if (VpToSpecialString(a, buf, buflen, fPlus)) return;
 
-    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) *psz++ = '-';
-    else if (fPlus == 1)  *psz++ = ' ';
-    else if (fPlus == 2)  *psz++ = '+';
+#define APPEND(c, group) do { \
+    if (plen < 1) goto overflow; \
+    if (group && delim == 0) { \
+        *p = ' '; \
+        p += 1; \
+        plen -= 1; \
+    } \
+    if (plen < 1) goto overflow; \
+    *p = c; \
+    p += 1; \
+    plen -= 1; \
+    if (group) delim = (delim + 1) % fFmt; \
+} while (0)
+
+
+    if (BIGDECIMAL_NEGATIVE_P(a)) {
+        APPEND('-', false);
+    }
+    else if (fPlus == 1) {
+        APPEND(' ', false);
+    }
+    else if (fPlus == 2) {
+        APPEND('+', false);
+    }
 
     n  = a->Prec;
     ex = a->exponent;
     if (ex <= 0) {
-	*psz++ = '0';*psz++ = '.';
-	while (ex < 0) {
-	    for (i=0; i < BASE_FIG; ++i) *psz++ = '0';
-	    ++ex;
-	}
-	ex = -1;
+        APPEND('0', false);
+        APPEND('.', false);
+    }
+    while (ex < 0) {
+        for (i=0; i < BASE_FIG; ++i) {
+            APPEND('0', fFmt > 0);
+        }
+        ++ex;
     }
 
     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-	--ex;
-	if (i == 0 && ex >= 0) {
-	    sprintf(psz, "%lu", (unsigned long)a->frac[i]);
-	    psz += strlen(psz);
-	}
-	else {
-	    m = BASE1;
-	    e = a->frac[i];
-	    while (m) {
-		nn = e / m;
-		*psz++ = (char)(nn + '0');
-		e = e - nn * m;
-		m /= 10;
-	    }
-	}
-	if (ex == 0) *psz++ = '.';
+        m = BASE1;
+        e = a->frac[i];
+        if (i == 0 && ex > 0) {
+            for (delim = 0; e / m == 0; delim++) {
+                m /= 10;
+            }
+            if (fFmt > 0) {
+              delim = 2*fFmt - (ex * BASE_FIG - delim) % fFmt;
+            }
+        }
+        while (m && (e || (i < n - 1) || ex > 0)) {
+            APPEND((char)(e / m + '0'), fFmt > 0);
+            e %= m;
+            m /= 10;
+        }
+        if (--ex == 0) {
+            APPEND('.', false);
+            delim = fFmt;
+        }
     }
-    while (--ex>=0) {
-	m = BASE;
-	while (m /= 10) *psz++ = '0';
-	if (ex == 0)    *psz++ = '.';
+
+    while (ex > 0) {
+        for (i=0; i < BASE_FIG; ++i) {
+            APPEND('0', fFmt > 0);
+        }
+        if (--ex == 0) {
+            APPEND('.', false);
+        }
     }
-    *psz = 0;
-    while (psz[-1] == '0') *(--psz) = 0;
-    if (psz[-1] == '.') sprintf(psz, "0");
-    if (fFmt) VpFormatSt(pszSav, fFmt);
+
+    *p = '\0';
+    if (p - 1 > buf && p[-1] == '.') {
+        snprintf(p, plen, "0");
+    }
+
+  overflow:
+    return;
+#undef APPEND
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6939,7 +7179,6 @@ VpSqrt(Real *y, Real *x)
     Real *r = NULL;
     size_t y_prec;
     SIGNED_VALUE n, e;
-    SIGNED_VALUE prec;
     ssize_t nr;
     double val;
 
@@ -6971,18 +7210,13 @@ VpSqrt(Real *y, Real *x)
     if (x->MaxPrec > (size_t)n) n = (ssize_t)x->MaxPrec;
 
     /* allocate temporally variables  */
-    f = VpAlloc(y->MaxPrec * (BASE_FIG + 2), "#1", 1, 1);
-    r = VpAlloc((n + n) * (BASE_FIG + 2), "#1", 1, 1);
+    /* TODO: reconsider MaxPrec of f and r */
+    f = NewOneNolimit(1, y->MaxPrec * (BASE_FIG + 2));
+    r = NewOneNolimit(1, (n + n) * (BASE_FIG + 2));
 
     nr = 0;
     y_prec = y->MaxPrec;
 
-    prec = x->exponent - (ssize_t)y_prec;
-    if (x->exponent > 0)
-	++prec;
-    else
-	--prec;
-
     VpVtoD(&val, &e, x);    /* val <- x  */
     e /= (SIGNED_VALUE)BASE_FIG;
     n = e / 2;
@@ -6997,16 +7231,21 @@ VpSqrt(Real *y, Real *x)
     f->MaxPrec = y->MaxPrec + 1;
     n = (SIGNED_VALUE)(y_prec * BASE_FIG);
     if (n < (SIGNED_VALUE)maxnr) n = (SIGNED_VALUE)maxnr;
+
+    /*
+     * Perform: y_{n+1} = (y_n - x/y_n) / 2
+     */
     do {
-	y->MaxPrec *= 2;
-	if (y->MaxPrec > y_prec) y->MaxPrec = y_prec;
-	f->MaxPrec = y->MaxPrec;
-	VpDivd(f, r, x, y);      /* f = x/y    */
-	VpAddSub(r, f, y, -1);   /* r = f - y  */
-	VpMult(f, VpPt5, r);     /* f = 0.5*r  */
-	if (VpIsZero(f))         goto converge;
-	VpAddSub(r, f, y, 1);    /* r = y + f  */
-	VpAsgn(y, r, 1);         /* y = r      */
+        y->MaxPrec *= 2;
+        if (y->MaxPrec > y_prec) y->MaxPrec = y_prec;
+        f->MaxPrec = y->MaxPrec;
+        VpDivd(f, r, x, y);        /* f = x/y    */
+        VpAddSub(r, f, y, -1);     /* r = f - y  */
+        VpMult(f, VpConstPt5, r);  /* f = 0.5*r  */
+        if (VpIsZero(f))
+            goto converge;
+        VpAddSub(r, f, y, 1);      /* r = y + f  */
+        VpAsgn(y, r, 1);           /* y = r      */
     } while (++nr < n);
 
 #ifdef BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG
@@ -7031,8 +7270,8 @@ converge:
     y->MaxPrec = y_prec;
 
 Exit:
-    VpFree(f);
-    VpFree(r);
+    rbd_free_struct(f);
+    rbd_free_struct(r);
     return 1;
 }
 
@@ -7423,9 +7662,10 @@ VpPowerByInt(Real *y, Real *x, SIGNED_VALUE n)
     }
 
     /* Allocate working variables  */
+    /* TODO: reconsider MaxPrec of w1 and w2 */
+    w1 = NewZeroNolimit(1, (y->MaxPrec + 2) * BASE_FIG);
+    w2 = NewZeroNolimit(1, (w1->MaxPrec * 2 + 1) * BASE_FIG);
 
-    w1 = VpAlloc((y->MaxPrec + 2) * BASE_FIG, "#0", 1, 1);
-    w2 = VpAlloc((w1->MaxPrec * 2 + 1) * BASE_FIG, "#0", 1, 1);
     /* calculation start */
 
     VpAsgn(y, x, 1);
@@ -7454,8 +7694,8 @@ Exit:
 	printf("  n=%"PRIdVALUE"\n", n);
     }
 #endif /* BIGDECIMAL_DEBUG */
-    VpFree(w2);
-    VpFree(w1);
+    rbd_free_struct(w2);
+    rbd_free_struct(w1);
     return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec b/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec
index 1feed332f6..f9f3b45616 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.gemspec
@@ -1,28 +1,29 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, '.*')
+source_version = ["", "ext/#{name}/"].find do |dir|
+  begin
+    break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, "#{dir}#{name}.c")) {|line|
+      break $1.sub("-", ".") if /^#define\s+#{name.upcase}_VERSION\s+"(.+)"/o =~ line
+    }
+  rescue Errno::ENOENT
+  end
+end or raise "can't find #{name.upcase}_VERSION"
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
-  s.name          = "bigdecimal"
-  s.version       = "3.1.2"
+  s.name          = name
+  s.version       = source_version
   s.authors       = ["Kenta Murata", "Zachary Scott", "Shigeo Kobayashi"]
   s.email         = ["mrkn@mrkn.jp"]
 
   s.summary       = "Arbitrary-precision decimal floating-point number library."
   s.description   = "This library provides arbitrary-precision decimal floating-point number class."
   s.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/bigdecimal"
-  s.licenses       = ["Ruby", "bsd-2-clause"]
+  s.licenses       = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
 
   s.require_paths = %w[lib]
-  s.extensions    = %w[ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb]
   s.files         = %w[
     bigdecimal.gemspec
-    ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c
-    ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.h
-    ext/bigdecimal/bits.h
-    ext/bigdecimal/feature.h
-    ext/bigdecimal/missing.c
-    ext/bigdecimal/missing.h
-    ext/bigdecimal/missing/dtoa.c
-    ext/bigdecimal/static_assert.h
     lib/bigdecimal.rb
     lib/bigdecimal/jacobian.rb
     lib/bigdecimal/ludcmp.rb
@@ -33,6 +34,21 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     sample/nlsolve.rb
     sample/pi.rb
   ]
+  if Gem::Platform === s.platform and s.platform =~ 'java' or RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+    s.platform      = 'java'
+  else
+    s.extensions    = %w[ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb]
+    s.files += %w[
+      ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.c
+      ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.h
+      ext/bigdecimal/bits.h
+      ext/bigdecimal/feature.h
+      ext/bigdecimal/missing.c
+      ext/bigdecimal/missing.h
+      ext/bigdecimal/missing/dtoa.c
+      ext/bigdecimal/static_assert.h
+    ]
+  end
 
   s.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.5.0")
 end
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.h b/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.h
index bd1c46743e..54fed811fb 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.h
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/bigdecimal.h
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ extern VALUE rb_cBigDecimal;
  */
 #define VP_EXPORT static
 
-/* Exception codes */
+/* Exception mode */
 #define VP_EXCEPTION_ALL        ((unsigned short)0x00FF)
 #define VP_EXCEPTION_INFINITY   ((unsigned short)0x0001)
 #define VP_EXCEPTION_NaN        ((unsigned short)0x0002)
@@ -115,18 +115,36 @@ extern VALUE rb_cBigDecimal;
 
 #define BIGDECIMAL_EXCEPTION_MODE_DEFAULT 0U
 
-/* Computation mode */
+/* This is used in BigDecimal#mode */
 #define VP_ROUND_MODE            ((unsigned short)0x0100)
-#define VP_ROUND_UP         1
-#define VP_ROUND_DOWN       2
-#define VP_ROUND_HALF_UP    3
-#define VP_ROUND_HALF_DOWN  4
-#define VP_ROUND_CEIL       5
-#define VP_ROUND_FLOOR      6
-#define VP_ROUND_HALF_EVEN  7
+
+/* Rounding mode */
+#define VP_ROUND_UP         RBD_ROUND_UP
+#define VP_ROUND_DOWN       RBD_ROUND_DOWN
+#define VP_ROUND_HALF_UP    RBD_ROUND_HALF_UP
+#define VP_ROUND_HALF_DOWN  RBD_ROUND_HALF_DOWN
+#define VP_ROUND_CEIL       RBD_ROUND_CEIL
+#define VP_ROUND_FLOOR      RBD_ROUND_FLOOR
+#define VP_ROUND_HALF_EVEN  RBD_ROUND_HALF_EVEN
+
+enum rbd_rounding_mode {
+    RBD_ROUND_UP          = 1,
+    RBD_ROUND_DOWN        = 2,
+    RBD_ROUND_HALF_UP     = 3,
+    RBD_ROUND_HALF_DOWN   = 4,
+    RBD_ROUND_CEIL        = 5,
+    RBD_ROUND_FLOOR       = 6,
+    RBD_ROUND_HALF_EVEN   = 7,
+
+    RBD_ROUND_DEFAULT  = RBD_ROUND_HALF_UP,
+    RBD_ROUND_TRUNCATE = RBD_ROUND_DOWN,
+    RBD_ROUND_BANKER   = RBD_ROUND_HALF_EVEN,
+    RBD_ROUND_CEILING  = RBD_ROUND_CEIL
+};
 
 #define BIGDECIMAL_ROUNDING_MODE_DEFAULT  VP_ROUND_HALF_UP
 
+/* Sign flag */
 #define VP_SIGN_NaN                0 /* NaN                      */
 #define VP_SIGN_POSITIVE_ZERO      1 /* Positive zero            */
 #define VP_SIGN_NEGATIVE_ZERO     -1 /* Negative zero            */
@@ -135,6 +153,7 @@ extern VALUE rb_cBigDecimal;
 #define VP_SIGN_POSITIVE_INFINITE  3 /* Positive infinite number */
 #define VP_SIGN_NEGATIVE_INFINITE -3 /* Negative infinite number */
 
+/* The size of fraction part array */
 #if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
 #define	FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_SIZE /* */
 #elif defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
@@ -205,9 +224,6 @@ VP_EXPORT int VpIsNegDoubleZero(double v);
 #endif
 VP_EXPORT size_t VpNumOfChars(Real *vp,const char *pszFmt);
 VP_EXPORT size_t VpInit(DECDIG BaseVal);
-VP_EXPORT void *VpMemAlloc(size_t mb);
-VP_EXPORT void *VpMemRealloc(void *ptr, size_t mb);
-VP_EXPORT void VpFree(Real *pv);
 VP_EXPORT Real *VpAlloc(size_t mx, const char *szVal, int strict_p, int exc);
 VP_EXPORT size_t VpAsgn(Real *c, Real *a, int isw);
 VP_EXPORT size_t VpAddSub(Real *c,Real *a,Real *b,int operation);
@@ -215,10 +231,10 @@ VP_EXPORT size_t VpMult(Real *c,Real *a,Real *b);
 VP_EXPORT size_t VpDivd(Real *c,Real *r,Real *a,Real *b);
 VP_EXPORT int VpComp(Real *a,Real *b);
 VP_EXPORT ssize_t VpExponent10(Real *a);
-VP_EXPORT void VpSzMantissa(Real *a,char *psz);
-VP_EXPORT int VpToSpecialString(Real *a,char *psz,int fPlus);
-VP_EXPORT void VpToString(Real *a, char *psz, size_t fFmt, int fPlus);
-VP_EXPORT void VpToFString(Real *a, char *psz, size_t fFmt, int fPlus);
+VP_EXPORT void VpSzMantissa(Real *a, char *buf, size_t bufsize);
+VP_EXPORT int VpToSpecialString(Real *a, char *buf, size_t bufsize, int fPlus);
+VP_EXPORT void VpToString(Real *a, char *buf, size_t bufsize, size_t fFmt, int fPlus);
+VP_EXPORT void VpToFString(Real *a, char *buf, size_t bufsize, size_t fFmt, int fPlus);
 VP_EXPORT int VpCtoV(Real *a, const char *int_chr, size_t ni, const char *frac, size_t nf, const char *exp_chr, size_t ne);
 VP_EXPORT int VpVtoD(double *d, SIGNED_VALUE *e, Real *m);
 VP_EXPORT void VpDtoV(Real *m,double d);
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/depend b/ext/bigdecimal/depend
index ee892162f2..a2455ebbda 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/depend
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/depend
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-extconf.h: $(srcdir)/$(GEMSPEC)
 Makefile: $(BIGDECIMAL_RB)
 
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
@@ -53,6 +52,7 @@ bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -143,7 +142,6 @@ bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bigdecimal.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -219,6 +217,7 @@ missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -278,7 +277,6 @@ missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -309,7 +307,6 @@ missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 missing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb b/ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb
index 4920374b1a..23904ed60e 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/extconf.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 require 'mkmf'
 
-def check_bigdecimal_version(gemspec_path)
-  message "checking RUBY_BIGDECIMAL_VERSION... "
-  bigdecimal_version = File.read(gemspec_path).match(/^\s*s\.version\s+=\s+['"]([^'"]+)['"]\s*$/)[1]
-
-  version_components = bigdecimal_version.split('.')
-  bigdecimal_version = version_components[0, 3].join('.')
-  bigdecimal_version << "-#{version_components[3]}" if version_components[3]
-  $defs << %Q[-DRUBY_BIGDECIMAL_VERSION=\\"#{bigdecimal_version}\\"]
-
-  message "#{bigdecimal_version}\n"
-end
-
 def have_builtin_func(name, check_expr, opt = "", &b)
   checking_for checking_message(name.funcall_style, nil, opt) do
     if try_compile(<<SRC, opt, &b)
@@ -27,18 +15,6 @@ SRC
   end
 end
 
-gemspec_name = gemspec_path = nil
-unless ['', '../../'].any? {|dir|
-         gemspec_name = "#{dir}bigdecimal.gemspec"
-         gemspec_path = File.expand_path("../#{gemspec_name}", __FILE__)
-         File.file?(gemspec_path)
-       }
-  $stderr.puts "Unable to find bigdecimal.gemspec"
-  abort
-end
-
-check_bigdecimal_version(gemspec_path)
-
 have_builtin_func("__builtin_clz", "__builtin_clz(0)")
 have_builtin_func("__builtin_clzl", "__builtin_clzl(0)")
 have_builtin_func("__builtin_clzll", "__builtin_clzll(0)")
@@ -71,8 +47,6 @@ have_func("rb_rational_num", "ruby.h")
 have_func("rb_rational_den", "ruby.h")
 have_func("rb_complex_real", "ruby.h")
 have_func("rb_complex_imag", "ruby.h")
-have_func("rb_array_const_ptr", "ruby.h")
-have_func("rb_sym2str", "ruby.h")
 have_func("rb_opts_exception_p", "ruby.h")
 have_func("rb_category_warn", "ruby.h")
 have_const("RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED", "ruby.h")
@@ -84,6 +58,5 @@ else
 end
 
 create_makefile('bigdecimal') {|mf|
-  mf << "GEMSPEC = #{gemspec_name}\n"
   mf << "BIGDECIMAL_RB = #{bigdecimal_rb}\n"
 }
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal.rb b/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal.rb
index 8fd2587c84..82b3e1b7b9 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal.rb
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal.rb
@@ -1 +1,5 @@
-require 'bigdecimal.so'
+if RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+  JRuby::Util.load_ext("org.jruby.ext.bigdecimal.BigDecimalLibrary")
+else
+  require 'bigdecimal.so'
+end
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal/util.rb b/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal/util.rb
index cb645d2a71..8bfc0ed8ed 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal/util.rb
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal/util.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class Integer < Numeric
   #
   #     42.to_d   # => 0.42e2
   #
-  # See also BigDecimal::new.
+  # See also Kernel.BigDecimal.
   #
   def to_d
     BigDecimal(self)
@@ -33,15 +33,19 @@ class Float < Numeric
   #
   # Returns the value of +float+ as a BigDecimal.
   # The +precision+ parameter is used to determine the number of
-  # significant digits for the result (the default is Float::DIG).
+  # significant digits for the result. When +precision+ is set to +0+,
+  # the number of digits to represent the float being converted is determined
+  # automatically.
+  # The default +precision+ is +0+.
   #
   #     require 'bigdecimal'
   #     require 'bigdecimal/util'
   #
   #     0.5.to_d         # => 0.5e0
+  #     1.234.to_d       # => 0.1234e1
   #     1.234.to_d(2)    # => 0.12e1
   #
-  # See also BigDecimal::new.
+  # See also Kernel.BigDecimal.
   #
   def to_d(precision=0)
     BigDecimal(self, precision)
@@ -63,7 +67,7 @@ class String
   #     "123.45e1".to_d        # => 0.12345e4
   #     "45.67 degrees".to_d   # => 0.4567e2
   #
-  # See also BigDecimal::new.
+  # See also Kernel.BigDecimal.
   #
   def to_d
     BigDecimal.interpret_loosely(self)
@@ -123,7 +127,7 @@ class Rational < Numeric
   #
   #     Rational(22, 7).to_d(3)   # => 0.314e1
   #
-  # See also BigDecimal::new.
+  # See also Kernel.BigDecimal.
   #
   def to_d(precision)
     BigDecimal(self, precision)
@@ -148,7 +152,7 @@ class Complex < Numeric
   #     Complex(0.1234567, 0).to_d(4)   # => 0.1235e0
   #     Complex(Rational(22, 7), 0).to_d(3)   # => 0.314e1
   #
-  # See also BigDecimal::new.
+  # See also Kernel.BigDecimal.
   #
   def to_d(*args)
     BigDecimal(self) unless self.imag.zero? # to raise eerror
diff --git a/ext/bigdecimal/missing.h b/ext/bigdecimal/missing.h
index 49b7c7667f..325554b5f5 100644
--- a/ext/bigdecimal/missing.h
+++ b/ext/bigdecimal/missing.h
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif /* RB_UNUSED_VAR */
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1310
-# define HAVE___ASSUME
+# define HAVE___ASSUME 1
 
 #elif defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && __INTEL_COMPILER >= 1300
-# define HAVE___ASSUME
+# define HAVE___ASSUME 1
 #endif
 
 #ifndef UNREACHABLE
@@ -172,45 +172,6 @@ rb_complex_imag(VALUE cmp)
 }
 #endif
 
-/* array */
-
-#ifndef FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR
-# if defined(__fcc__) || defined(__fcc_version) || \
-    defined(__FCC__) || defined(__FCC_VERSION)
-/* workaround for old version of Fujitsu C Compiler (fcc) */
-#  define FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR(x) ((const VALUE *)(x))
-# else
-#  define FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR(x) (x)
-# endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_ARRAY_CONST_PTR
-static inline const VALUE *
-rb_array_const_ptr(VALUE a)
-{
-    return FIX_CONST_VALUE_PTR((RBASIC(a)->flags & RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG) ?
-	RARRAY(a)->as.ary : RARRAY(a)->as.heap.ptr);
-}
-#endif
-
-#ifndef RARRAY_CONST_PTR
-# define RARRAY_CONST_PTR(a) rb_array_const_ptr(a)
-#endif
-
-#ifndef RARRAY_AREF
-# define RARRAY_AREF(a, i) (RARRAY_CONST_PTR(a)[i])
-#endif
-
-/* symbol */
-
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_SYM2STR
-static inline VALUE
-rb_sym2str(VALUE sym)
-{
-    return rb_id2str(SYM2ID(sym));
-}
-#endif
-
 /* st */
 
 #ifndef ST2FIX
diff --git a/ext/cgi/escape/depend b/ext/cgi/escape/depend
index e3904d0695..37304a24f4 100644
--- a/ext/cgi/escape/depend
+++ b/ext/cgi/escape/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 escape.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/cgi/escape/escape.c b/ext/cgi/escape/escape.c
index c5b76de596..495ad83aa3 100644
--- a/ext/cgi/escape/escape.c
+++ b/ext/cgi/escape/escape.c
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ optimized_unescape_html(VALUE str)
     unsigned long charlimit = (strcasecmp(rb_enc_name(enc), "UTF-8") == 0 ? UNICODE_MAX :
                                strcasecmp(rb_enc_name(enc), "ISO-8859-1") == 0 ? 256 :
                                128);
-    long i, len, beg = 0;
+    long i, j, len, beg = 0;
     size_t clen, plen;
     int overflow;
     const char *cstr;
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ optimized_unescape_html(VALUE str)
         plen = i - beg;
         if (++i >= len) break;
         c = (unsigned char)cstr[i];
+        j = i;
 #define MATCH(s) (len - i >= (int)rb_strlen_lit(s) && \
                   memcmp(&cstr[i], s, rb_strlen_lit(s)) == 0 && \
                   (i += rb_strlen_lit(s) - 1, 1))
@@ -112,28 +113,40 @@ optimized_unescape_html(VALUE str)
             else if (MATCH("mp;")) {
                 c = '&';
             }
-            else continue;
+            else {
+                i = j;
+                continue;
+            }
             break;
           case 'q':
             ++i;
             if (MATCH("uot;")) {
                 c = '"';
             }
-            else continue;
+            else {
+                i = j;
+                continue;
+            }
             break;
           case 'g':
             ++i;
             if (MATCH("t;")) {
                 c = '>';
             }
-            else continue;
+            else {
+                i = j;
+                continue;
+            }
             break;
           case 'l':
             ++i;
             if (MATCH("t;")) {
                 c = '<';
             }
-            else continue;
+            else {
+                i = j;
+                continue;
+            }
             break;
           case '#':
             if (len - ++i >= 2 && ISDIGIT(cstr[i])) {
@@ -142,9 +155,15 @@ optimized_unescape_html(VALUE str)
             else if ((cstr[i] == 'x' || cstr[i] == 'X') && len - ++i >= 2 && ISXDIGIT(cstr[i])) {
                 cc = ruby_scan_digits(&cstr[i], len-i, 16, &clen, &overflow);
             }
-            else continue;
+            else {
+                i = j;
+                continue;
+            }
             i += clen;
-            if (overflow || cc >= charlimit || cstr[i] != ';') continue;
+            if (overflow || cc >= charlimit || cstr[i] != ';') {
+                i = j;
+                continue;
+            }
             if (!dest) {
                 dest = rb_str_buf_new(len);
             }
@@ -458,7 +477,9 @@ InitVM_escape(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_mEscape, "escapeHTML", cgiesc_escape_html, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_mEscape, "unescapeHTML", cgiesc_unescape_html, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_mEscape, "escapeURIComponent", cgiesc_escape_uri_component, 1);
+    rb_define_alias(rb_mEscape, "escape_uri_component", "escapeURIComponent");
     rb_define_method(rb_mEscape, "unescapeURIComponent", cgiesc_unescape_uri_component, -1);
+    rb_define_alias(rb_mEscape, "unescape_uri_component", "unescapeURIComponent");
     rb_define_method(rb_mEscape, "escape", cgiesc_escape, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_mEscape, "unescape", cgiesc_unescape, -1);
     rb_prepend_module(rb_mUtil, rb_mEscape);
diff --git a/ext/cgi/escape/extconf.rb b/ext/cgi/escape/extconf.rb
index 16e8ff224d..73acd89ca8 100644
--- a/ext/cgi/escape/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/cgi/escape/extconf.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
 require 'mkmf'
 
-create_makefile 'cgi/escape'
+if RUBY_ENGINE == 'truffleruby'
+  File.write("Makefile", dummy_makefile($srcdir).join(""))
+else
+  create_makefile 'cgi/escape'
+end
diff --git a/ext/continuation/depend b/ext/continuation/depend
index 81218f9965..f0333d7fe6 100644
--- a/ext/continuation/depend
+++ b/ext/continuation/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 continuation.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/coverage/coverage.c b/ext/coverage/coverage.c
index 2f760c8eb6..a3381901ee 100644
--- a/ext/coverage/coverage.c
+++ b/ext/coverage/coverage.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 ************************************************/
 
-#include "gc.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
 #include "internal/thread.h"
 #include "internal/sanitizers.h"
@@ -24,11 +24,38 @@ static int current_mode;
 static VALUE me2counter = Qnil;
 
 /*
+ *  call-seq: Coverage.supported?(mode) -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Returns true if coverage measurement is supported for the given mode.
+ *
+ *  The mode should be one of the following symbols:
+ *  +:lines+, +:oneshot_lines+, +:branches+, +:methods+, +:eval+.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    Coverage.supported?(:lines)  #=> true
+ *    Coverage.supported?(:all)    #=> false
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_coverage_supported(VALUE self, VALUE _mode)
+{
+    ID mode = RB_SYM2ID(_mode);
+
+    return RBOOL(
+        mode == rb_intern("lines") ||
+        mode == rb_intern("oneshot_lines") ||
+        mode == rb_intern("branches") ||
+        mode == rb_intern("methods") ||
+        mode == rb_intern("eval")
+    );
+}
+
+/*
  * call-seq:
- *    Coverage.setup                                              => nil
- *    Coverage.setup(:all)                                        => nil
- *    Coverage.setup(lines: bool, branches: bool, methods: bool)  => nil
- *    Coverage.setup(oneshot_lines: true)                         => nil
+ *    Coverage.setup                                                          => nil
+ *    Coverage.setup(:all)                                                    => nil
+ *    Coverage.setup(lines: bool, branches: bool, methods: bool, eval: bool)  => nil
+ *    Coverage.setup(oneshot_lines: true)                                     => nil
  *
  * Set up the coverage measurement.
  *
@@ -53,7 +80,7 @@ rb_coverage_setup(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
         mode = 0; /* compatible mode */
     }
     else if (opt == ID2SYM(rb_intern("all"))) {
-        mode = COVERAGE_TARGET_LINES | COVERAGE_TARGET_BRANCHES | COVERAGE_TARGET_METHODS;
+        mode = COVERAGE_TARGET_LINES | COVERAGE_TARGET_BRANCHES | COVERAGE_TARGET_METHODS | COVERAGE_TARGET_EVAL;
     }
     else {
         mode = 0;
@@ -71,6 +98,8 @@ rb_coverage_setup(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
             mode |= COVERAGE_TARGET_LINES;
             mode |= COVERAGE_TARGET_ONESHOT_LINES;
         }
+        if (RTEST(rb_hash_lookup(opt, ID2SYM(rb_intern("eval")))))
+            mode |= COVERAGE_TARGET_EVAL;
     }
 
     if (mode & COVERAGE_TARGET_METHODS) {
@@ -93,7 +122,6 @@ rb_coverage_setup(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "cannot change the measuring target during coverage measurement");
     }
 
-
     return Qnil;
 }
 
@@ -104,7 +132,7 @@ rb_coverage_setup(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  * Start/resume the coverage measurement.
  *
  * Caveat: Currently, only process-global coverage measurement is supported.
- * You cannot measure per-thread covearge. If your process has multiple thread,
+ * You cannot measure per-thread coverage. If your process has multiple thread,
  * using Coverage.resume/suspend to capture code coverage executed from only
  * a limited code block, may yield misleading results.
  */
@@ -124,10 +152,10 @@ rb_coverage_resume(VALUE klass)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *    Coverage.start                                              => nil
- *    Coverage.start(:all)                                        => nil
- *    Coverage.start(lines: bool, branches: bool, methods: bool)  => nil
- *    Coverage.start(oneshot_lines: true)                         => nil
+ *    Coverage.start                                                          => nil
+ *    Coverage.start(:all)                                                    => nil
+ *    Coverage.start(lines: bool, branches: bool, methods: bool, eval: bool)  => nil
+ *    Coverage.start(oneshot_lines: true)                                     => nil
  *
  * Enables the coverage measurement.
  * See the documentation of Coverage class in detail.
@@ -443,7 +471,7 @@ rb_coverage_running(VALUE klass)
  * This feature is experimental, so these APIs may be changed in future.
  *
  * Caveat: Currently, only process-global coverage measurement is supported.
- * You cannot measure per-thread covearge.
+ * You cannot measure per-thread coverage.
  *
  * = Usage
  *
@@ -589,6 +617,9 @@ void
 Init_coverage(void)
 {
     VALUE rb_mCoverage = rb_define_module("Coverage");
+
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mCoverage, "supported?", rb_coverage_supported, 1);
+
     rb_define_module_function(rb_mCoverage, "setup", rb_coverage_setup, -1);
     rb_define_module_function(rb_mCoverage, "start", rb_coverage_start, -1);
     rb_define_module_function(rb_mCoverage, "resume", rb_coverage_resume, 0);
diff --git a/ext/coverage/depend b/ext/coverage/depend
index 57d368d3f5..0a6c61d5c6 100644
--- a/ext/coverage/depend
+++ b/ext/coverage/depend
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/encoding.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -86,6 +88,15 @@ coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/coderange.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/ctype.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/pathname.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/re.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/symbol.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/transcode.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
@@ -113,7 +124,6 @@ coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -144,7 +154,6 @@ coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -157,6 +166,8 @@ coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/onigmo.h
+coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 coverage.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
@@ -165,9 +176,11 @@ coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
-coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/gc.h
+coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/constant.h
+coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/id_table.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
@@ -176,12 +189,15 @@ coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
+coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
 coverage.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
diff --git a/ext/date/date.gemspec b/ext/date/date.gemspec
index eecbf786a3..660353ebc5 100644
--- a/ext/date/date.gemspec
+++ b/ext/date/date.gemspec
@@ -10,15 +10,22 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.summary = "A subclass of Object includes Comparable module for handling dates."
   s.description = "A subclass of Object includes Comparable module for handling dates."
 
-  s.require_path = %w{lib}
-  s.files = [
-    "README.md",
-    "lib/date.rb", "ext/date/date_core.c", "ext/date/date_parse.c", "ext/date/date_strftime.c",
-    "ext/date/date_strptime.c", "ext/date/date_tmx.h", "ext/date/extconf.rb", "ext/date/prereq.mk",
-    "ext/date/zonetab.h", "ext/date/zonetab.list"
-  ]
-  s.extensions = "ext/date/extconf.rb"
-  s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.4.0"
+  if Gem::Platform === s.platform and s.platform =~ 'java' or RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+    s.platform = 'java'
+    # No files shipped, no require path, no-op for now on JRuby
+  else
+    s.require_path = %w{lib}
+
+    s.files = [
+      "README.md",
+      "lib/date.rb", "ext/date/date_core.c", "ext/date/date_parse.c", "ext/date/date_strftime.c",
+      "ext/date/date_strptime.c", "ext/date/date_tmx.h", "ext/date/extconf.rb", "ext/date/prereq.mk",
+      "ext/date/zonetab.h", "ext/date/zonetab.list"
+    ]
+    s.extensions = "ext/date/extconf.rb"
+  end
+
+  s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.6.0"
 
   s.authors = ["Tadayoshi Funaba"]
   s.email = [nil]
diff --git a/ext/date/date_core.c b/ext/date/date_core.c
index 83d493c794..f4b390584b 100644
--- a/ext/date/date_core.c
+++ b/ext/date/date_core.c
@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ static VALUE eDateError;
 static VALUE half_days_in_day, day_in_nanoseconds;
 static double positive_inf, negative_inf;
 
+// used by deconstruct_keys
+static VALUE sym_year, sym_month, sym_day, sym_yday, sym_wday;
+static VALUE sym_hour, sym_min, sym_sec, sym_sec_fraction, sym_zone;
+
 #define f_boolcast(x) ((x) ? Qtrue : Qfalse)
 
 #define f_abs(x) rb_funcall(x, rb_intern("abs"), 0)
@@ -60,7 +64,8 @@ static VALUE datetime_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self);
 
 #define RETURN_FALSE_UNLESS_NUMERIC(obj) if(!RTEST(rb_obj_is_kind_of((obj), rb_cNumeric))) return Qfalse
 inline static void
-check_numeric(VALUE obj, const char* field) {
+check_numeric(VALUE obj, const char* field)
+{
     if(!RTEST(rb_obj_is_kind_of(obj, rb_cNumeric))) {
         rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "invalid %s (not numeric)", field);
     }
@@ -761,6 +766,8 @@ c_valid_civil_p(int y, int m, int d, double sg,
 
     if (m < 0)
 	m += 13;
+    if (m < 1 || m > 12)
+	return 0;
     if (d < 0) {
 	if (!c_find_ldom(y, m, sg, rjd, ns))
 	    return 0;
@@ -2582,8 +2589,6 @@ date_s__valid_civil_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * See argument {start}[rdoc-ref:calendars.rdoc@Argument+start].
  *
- * Date.valid_date? is an alias for Date.valid_civil?.
- *
  * Related: Date.jd, Date.new.
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -2979,8 +2984,6 @@ date_s_julian_leap_p(VALUE klass, VALUE y)
  *   Date.gregorian_leap?(2000) # => true
  *   Date.gregorian_leap?(2001) # => false
  *
- * Date.leap? is an alias for Date.gregorian_leap?.
- *
  * Related: Date.julian_leap?.
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -3486,8 +3489,6 @@ date_s_civil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * See argument {start}[rdoc-ref:calendars.rdoc@Argument+start].
  *
- * Date.civil is an alias for Date.new.
- *
  * Related: Date.jd.
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -4377,7 +4378,7 @@ date_s__strptime_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass,
  *   Date._strptime('2001-02-03', '%Y-%m-%d') # => {:year=>2001, :mon=>2, :mday=>3}
  *
  * For other formats, see
- * {Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html].
+ * {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc].
  * (Unlike Date.strftime, does not support flags and width.)
  *
  * See also {strptime(3)}[https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/strptime.3.html].
@@ -4406,7 +4407,7 @@ date_s__strptime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *   Date.strptime('sat3feb01', '%a%d%b%y')   # => #<Date: 2001-02-03>
  *
  * For other formats, see
- * {Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html].
+ * {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc].
  * (Unlike Date.strftime, does not support flags and width.)
  *
  * See argument {start}[rdoc-ref:calendars.rdoc@Argument+start].
@@ -4506,7 +4507,7 @@ date_s__parse_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  * This method recognizes many forms in +string+,
  * but it is not a validator.
  * For formats, see
- * {"Specialized Format Strings" in Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-Specialized+Format+Strings]
+ * {"Specialized Format Strings" in Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@Specialized+Format+Strings]
  *
  * If +string+ does not specify a valid date,
  * the result is unpredictable;
@@ -4541,7 +4542,7 @@ date_s__parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  * This method recognizes many forms in +string+,
  * but it is not a validator.
  * For formats, see
- * {"Specialized Format Strings" in Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-Specialized+Format+Strings]
+ * {"Specialized Format Strings" in Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@Specialized+Format+Strings]
  * If +string+ does not specify a valid date,
  * the result is unpredictable;
  * consider using Date._strptime instead.
@@ -4606,7 +4607,7 @@ VALUE date__jisx0301(VALUE);
  *   Date._iso8601(string, limit: 128) -> hash
  *
  * Returns a hash of values parsed from +string+, which should contain
- * an {ISO 8601 formatted date}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-ISO+8601+Format+Specifications]:
+ * an {ISO 8601 formatted date}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@ISO+8601+Format+Specifications]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.iso8601    # => "2001-02-03"
@@ -4633,7 +4634,7 @@ date_s__iso8601(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * Returns a new \Date object with values parsed from +string+,
  * which should contain
- * an {ISO 8601 formatted date}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-ISO+8601+Format+Specifications]:
+ * an {ISO 8601 formatted date}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@ISO+8601+Format+Specifications]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.iso8601   # => "2001-02-03"
@@ -4676,7 +4677,7 @@ date_s_iso8601(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *   Date._rfc3339(string, limit: 128) -> hash
  *
  * Returns a hash of values parsed from +string+, which should be a valid
- * {RFC 3339 format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-RFC+3339+Format]:
+ * {RFC 3339 format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@RFC+3339+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.rfc3339     # => "2001-02-03T00:00:00+00:00"
@@ -4704,7 +4705,7 @@ date_s__rfc3339(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * Returns a new \Date object with values parsed from +string+,
  * which should be a valid
- * {RFC 3339 format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-RFC+3339+Format]:
+ * {RFC 3339 format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@RFC+3339+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.rfc3339   # => "2001-02-03T00:00:00+00:00"
@@ -4816,7 +4817,7 @@ date_s_xmlschema(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *   Date._rfc2822(string, limit: 128) -> hash
  *
  * Returns a hash of values parsed from +string+, which should be a valid
- * {RFC 2822 date format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-RFC+2822+Format]:
+ * {RFC 2822 date format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@RFC+2822+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.rfc2822 # => "Sat, 3 Feb 2001 00:00:00 +0000"
@@ -4825,8 +4826,6 @@ date_s_xmlschema(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * See argument {limit}[rdoc-ref:Date@Argument+limit].
  *
- * Date._rfc822 is an alias for Date._rfc2822.
- *
  * Related: Date.rfc2822 (returns a \Date object).
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -4846,7 +4845,7 @@ date_s__rfc2822(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * Returns a new \Date object with values parsed from +string+,
  * which should be a valid
- * {RFC 2822 date format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-RFC+2822+Format]:
+ * {RFC 2822 date format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@RFC+2822+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.rfc2822   # => "Sat, 3 Feb 2001 00:00:00 +0000"
@@ -4857,8 +4856,6 @@ date_s__rfc2822(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  * - Argument {start}[rdoc-ref:calendars.rdoc@Argument+start].
  * - Argument {limit}[rdoc-ref:Date@Argument+limit].
  *
- * Date.rfc822 is an alias for Date.rfc2822.
- *
  * Related: Date._rfc2822 (returns a hash).
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -4890,7 +4887,7 @@ date_s_rfc2822(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *   Date._httpdate(string, limit: 128) -> hash
  *
  * Returns a hash of values parsed from +string+, which should be a valid
- * {HTTP date format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-HTTP+Format]:
+ * {HTTP date format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@HTTP+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.httpdate # => "Sat, 03 Feb 2001 00:00:00 GMT"
@@ -4916,7 +4913,7 @@ date_s__httpdate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *
  * Returns a new \Date object with values parsed from +string+,
  * which should be a valid
- * {HTTP date format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-HTTP+Format]:
+ * {HTTP date format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@HTTP+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
      s = d.httpdate   # => "Sat, 03 Feb 2001 00:00:00 GMT"
@@ -4958,7 +4955,7 @@ date_s_httpdate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *   Date._jisx0301(string, limit: 128) -> hash
  *
  * Returns a hash of values parsed from +string+, which should be a valid
- * {JIS X 0301 date format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-JIS+X+0301+Format]:
+ * {JIS X 0301 date format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@JIS+X+0301+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.jisx0301    # => "H13.02.03"
@@ -4984,7 +4981,7 @@ date_s__jisx0301(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *   Date.jisx0301(string = '-4712-01-01', start = Date::ITALY, limit: 128) -> date
  *
  * Returns a new \Date object with values parsed from +string+,
- * which should be a valid {JIS X 0301 format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-JIS+X+0301+Format]:
+ * which should be a valid {JIS X 0301 format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@JIS+X+0301+Format]:
  *
  *   d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3)
  *   s = d.jisx0301   # => "H13.02.03"
@@ -5339,7 +5336,6 @@ d_lite_yday(VALUE self)
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).mon # => 2
  *
- * Date#month is an alias for Date#mon.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_mon(VALUE self)
@@ -5356,7 +5352,6 @@ d_lite_mon(VALUE self)
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).mday # => 3
  *
- * Date#day is an alias for Date#mday.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_mday(VALUE self)
@@ -5606,7 +5601,6 @@ d_lite_hour(VALUE self)
  *
  *   DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).min # => 5
  *
- * Date#minute is an alias for Date#min.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_min(VALUE self)
@@ -5623,7 +5617,6 @@ d_lite_min(VALUE self)
  *
  *   DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).sec # => 6
  *
- * Date#second is an alias for Date#sec.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_sec(VALUE self)
@@ -5641,7 +5634,6 @@ d_lite_sec(VALUE self)
  *
  *   DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.5).sec_fraction # => (1/2)
  *
- * Date#second_fraction is an alias for Date#sec_fraction.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_sec_fraction(VALUE self)
@@ -6417,7 +6409,6 @@ d_lite_prev_day(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *   d.to_s      # => "2001-02-03"
  *   d.next.to_s # => "2001-02-04"
  *
- * Date#succ is an alias for Date#next.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_next(VALUE self)
@@ -6971,7 +6962,7 @@ static VALUE strftimev(const char *, VALUE,
  *   to_s -> string
  *
  * Returns a string representation of the date in +self+
- * in {ISO 8601 extended date format}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-ISO+8601+Format+Specifications]
+ * in {ISO 8601 extended date format}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@ISO+8601+Format+Specifications]
  * (<tt>'%Y-%m-%d'</tt>):
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).to_s # => "2001-02-03"
@@ -7252,7 +7243,7 @@ date_strftime_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self,
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).strftime # => "2001-02-03"
  *
  * For other formats, see
- * {Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html].
+ * {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc].
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -7284,14 +7275,13 @@ strftimev(const char *fmt, VALUE self,
  *   asctime -> string
  *
  * Equivalent to #strftime with argument <tt>'%a %b %e %T %Y'</tt>
- * (or its {shorthand form}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-Shorthand+Conversion+Specifiers]
+ * (or its {shorthand form}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@Shorthand+Conversion+Specifiers]
  * <tt>'%c'</tt>):
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).asctime # => "Sat Feb  3 00:00:00 2001"
  *
  * See {asctime}[https://linux.die.net/man/3/asctime].
  *
- * Date#ctime is an alias for Date#asctime.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_asctime(VALUE self)
@@ -7304,12 +7294,11 @@ d_lite_asctime(VALUE self)
  *   iso8601    ->  string
  *
  * Equivalent to #strftime with argument <tt>'%Y-%m-%d'</tt>
- * (or its {shorthand form}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-Shorthand+Conversion+Specifiers]
+ * (or its {shorthand form}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@Shorthand+Conversion+Specifiers]
  * <tt>'%F'</tt>);
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).iso8601 # => "2001-02-03"
  *
- * Date#xmlschema is an alias for Date#iso8601.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_iso8601(VALUE self)
@@ -7322,7 +7311,7 @@ d_lite_iso8601(VALUE self)
  *   rfc3339 -> string
  *
  * Equivalent to #strftime with argument <tt>'%FT%T%:z'</tt>;
- * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html]:
+ * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc]:
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).rfc3339 # => "2001-02-03T00:00:00+00:00"
  *
@@ -7338,11 +7327,10 @@ d_lite_rfc3339(VALUE self)
  *   rfc2822 -> string
  *
  * Equivalent to #strftime with argument <tt>'%a, %-d %b %Y %T %z'</tt>;
- * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html]:
+ * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc]:
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).rfc2822 # => "Sat, 3 Feb 2001 00:00:00 +0000"
  *
- * Date#rfc822 is an alias for Date#rfc2822.
  */
 static VALUE
 d_lite_rfc2822(VALUE self)
@@ -7355,7 +7343,7 @@ d_lite_rfc2822(VALUE self)
  *   httpdate -> string
  *
  * Equivalent to #strftime with argument <tt>'%a, %d %b %Y %T GMT'</tt>;
- * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html]:
+ * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc]:
  *
  *   Date.new(2001, 2, 3).httpdate # => "Sat, 03 Feb 2001 00:00:00 GMT"
  *
@@ -7430,6 +7418,96 @@ d_lite_jisx0301(VALUE self)
     return strftimev(fmt, self, set_tmx);
 }
 
+static VALUE
+deconstruct_keys(VALUE self, VALUE keys, int is_datetime)
+{
+    VALUE h = rb_hash_new();
+    long i;
+
+    get_d1(self);
+
+    if (NIL_P(keys)) {
+        rb_hash_aset(h, sym_year, m_real_year(dat));
+        rb_hash_aset(h, sym_month, INT2FIX(m_mon(dat)));
+        rb_hash_aset(h, sym_day, INT2FIX(m_mday(dat)));
+        rb_hash_aset(h, sym_yday, INT2FIX(m_yday(dat)));
+        rb_hash_aset(h, sym_wday, INT2FIX(m_wday(dat)));
+        if (is_datetime) {
+            rb_hash_aset(h, sym_hour, INT2FIX(m_hour(dat)));
+            rb_hash_aset(h, sym_min, INT2FIX(m_min(dat)));
+            rb_hash_aset(h, sym_sec, INT2FIX(m_sec(dat)));
+            rb_hash_aset(h, sym_sec_fraction, m_sf_in_sec(dat));
+            rb_hash_aset(h, sym_zone, m_zone(dat));
+        }
+
+        return h;
+    }
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(keys, T_ARRAY)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
+                 "wrong argument type %"PRIsVALUE" (expected Array or nil)",
+                 rb_obj_class(keys));
+
+    }
+
+    for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(keys); i++) {
+        VALUE key = RARRAY_AREF(keys, i);
+
+        if (sym_year == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, m_real_year(dat));
+        if (sym_month == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_mon(dat)));
+        if (sym_day == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_mday(dat)));
+        if (sym_yday == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_yday(dat)));
+        if (sym_wday == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_wday(dat)));
+        if (is_datetime) {
+            if (sym_hour == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_hour(dat)));
+            if (sym_min == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_min(dat)));
+            if (sym_sec == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, INT2FIX(m_sec(dat)));
+            if (sym_sec_fraction == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, m_sf_in_sec(dat));
+            if (sym_zone == key) rb_hash_aset(h, key, m_zone(dat));
+        }
+    }
+    return h;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    deconstruct_keys(array_of_names_or_nil) -> hash
+ *
+ *  Returns a hash of the name/value pairs, to use in pattern matching.
+ *  Possible keys are: <tt>:year</tt>, <tt>:month</tt>, <tt>:day</tt>,
+ *  <tt>:wday</tt>, <tt>:yday</tt>.
+ *
+ *  Possible usages:
+ *
+ *    d = Date.new(2022, 10, 5)
+ *
+ *    if d in wday: 3, day: ..7  # uses deconstruct_keys underneath
+ *      puts "first Wednesday of the month"
+ *    end
+ *    #=> prints "first Wednesday of the month"
+ *
+ *    case d
+ *    in year: ...2022
+ *      puts "too old"
+ *    in month: ..9
+ *      puts "quarter 1-3"
+ *    in wday: 1..5, month:
+ *      puts "working day in month #{month}"
+ *    end
+ *    #=> prints "working day in month 10"
+ *
+ *  Note that deconstruction by pattern can also be combined with class check:
+ *
+ *    if d in Date(wday: 3, day: ..7)
+ *      puts "first Wednesday of the month"
+ *    end
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+d_lite_deconstruct_keys(VALUE self, VALUE keys)
+{
+    return deconstruct_keys(self, keys, /* is_datetime=false */ 0);
+}
+
 #ifndef NDEBUG
 /* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
@@ -8648,8 +8726,8 @@ dt_lite_to_s(VALUE self)
  *
  *   DateTime.now.strftime # => "2022-07-01T11:03:19-05:00"
  *
- * For other formats, see
- * {Formats for Dates and Times}[doc/strftime_formatting.rdoc].
+ * For other formats,
+ * see {Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc]:
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -8738,6 +8816,47 @@ dt_lite_jisx0301(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 			 iso8601_timediv(self, n));
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    deconstruct_keys(array_of_names_or_nil) -> hash
+ *
+ *  Returns a hash of the name/value pairs, to use in pattern matching.
+ *  Possible keys are: <tt>:year</tt>, <tt>:month</tt>, <tt>:day</tt>,
+ *  <tt>:wday</tt>, <tt>:yday</tt>, <tt>:hour</tt>, <tt>:min</tt>,
+ *  <tt>:sec</tt>, <tt>:sec_fraction</tt>, <tt>:zone</tt>.
+ *
+ *  Possible usages:
+ *
+ *    dt = DateTime.new(2022, 10, 5, 13, 30)
+ *
+ *    if d in wday: 1..5, hour: 10..18  # uses deconstruct_keys underneath
+ *      puts "Working time"
+ *    end
+ *    #=> prints "Working time"
+ *
+ *    case dt
+ *    in year: ...2022
+ *      puts "too old"
+ *    in month: ..9
+ *      puts "quarter 1-3"
+ *    in wday: 1..5, month:
+ *      puts "working day in month #{month}"
+ *    end
+ *    #=> prints "working day in month 10"
+ *
+ *  Note that deconstruction by pattern can also be combined with class check:
+ *
+ *    if d in DateTime(wday: 1..5, hour: 10..18, day: ..7)
+ *      puts "Working time, first week of the month"
+ *    end
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+dt_lite_deconstruct_keys(VALUE self, VALUE keys)
+{
+    return deconstruct_keys(self, keys, /* is_datetime=true */ 1);
+}
+
 /* conversions */
 
 #define f_subsec(x) rb_funcall(x, rb_intern("subsec"), 0)
@@ -9368,6 +9487,17 @@ Init_date_core(void)
     id_ge_p = rb_intern_const(">=");
     id_eqeq_p = rb_intern_const("==");
 
+    sym_year = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("year"));
+    sym_month = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("month"));
+    sym_yday = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("yday"));
+    sym_wday = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("wday"));
+    sym_day = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("day"));
+    sym_hour = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("hour"));
+    sym_min = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("min"));
+    sym_sec = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("sec"));
+    sym_sec_fraction = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("sec_fraction"));
+    sym_zone = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const("zone"));
+
     half_days_in_day = rb_rational_new2(INT2FIX(1), INT2FIX(2));
 
 #if (LONG_MAX / DAY_IN_SECONDS) > SECOND_IN_NANOSECONDS
@@ -9392,7 +9522,7 @@ Init_date_core(void)
      * calendar dates.
      *
      * Consider using
-     * {class Time}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Time.html]
+     * {class Time}[rdoc-ref:Time]
      * instead of class \Date if:
      *
      * - You need both dates and times; \Date handles only dates.
@@ -9444,7 +9574,7 @@ Init_date_core(void)
      *     Date.strptime('fri31dec99', '%a%d%b%y')  # => #<Date: 1999-12-31>
      *
      * See also the specialized methods in
-     * {"Specialized Format Strings" in Formats for Dates and Times}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/strftime_formatting_rdoc.html#label-Specialized+Format+Strings]
+     * {"Specialized Format Strings" in Formats for Dates and Times}[rdoc-ref:strftime_formatting.rdoc@Specialized+Format+Strings]
      *
      * == Argument +limit+
      *
@@ -9689,6 +9819,8 @@ Init_date_core(void)
     rb_define_method(cDate, "httpdate", d_lite_httpdate, 0);
     rb_define_method(cDate, "jisx0301", d_lite_jisx0301, 0);
 
+    rb_define_method(cDate, "deconstruct_keys", d_lite_deconstruct_keys, 1);
+
 #ifndef NDEBUG
     rb_define_method(cDate, "marshal_dump_old", d_lite_marshal_dump_old, 0);
 #endif
@@ -9899,6 +10031,8 @@ Init_date_core(void)
     rb_define_method(cDateTime, "rfc3339", dt_lite_rfc3339, -1);
     rb_define_method(cDateTime, "jisx0301", dt_lite_jisx0301, -1);
 
+    rb_define_method(cDateTime, "deconstruct_keys", dt_lite_deconstruct_keys, 1);
+
     /* conversions */
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cTime, "to_time", time_to_time, 0);
diff --git a/ext/date/date_parse.c b/ext/date/date_parse.c
index 95274d5baa..c6f26ecb91 100644
--- a/ext/date/date_parse.c
+++ b/ext/date/date_parse.c
@@ -413,7 +413,6 @@ VALUE
 date_zone_to_diff(VALUE str)
 {
     VALUE offset = Qnil;
-    VALUE vbuf = 0;
     long l = RSTRING_LEN(str);
     const char *s = RSTRING_PTR(str);
 
@@ -439,16 +438,26 @@ date_zone_to_diff(VALUE str)
 	    l -= w;
 	    dst = 1;
 	}
+
 	{
+	    const char *zn = s;
 	    long sl = shrunk_size(s, l);
+	    char shrunk_buff[MAX_WORD_LENGTH]; /* no terminator to be added */
+	    const struct zone *z = 0;
+
+	    if (sl <= 0) {
+		sl = l;
+	    }
+	    else if (sl <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH) {
+		char *d = shrunk_buff;
+		sl = shrink_space(d, s, l);
+		zn = d;
+	    }
+
 	    if (sl > 0 && sl <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH) {
-		char *d = ALLOCV_N(char, vbuf, sl);
-		l = shrink_space(d, s, l);
-		s = d;
+		z = zonetab(zn, (unsigned int)sl);
 	    }
-	}
-	if (l > 0 && l <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH) {
-	    const struct zone *z = zonetab(s, (unsigned int)l);
+
 	    if (z) {
 		int d = z->offset;
 		if (dst)
@@ -457,6 +466,7 @@ date_zone_to_diff(VALUE str)
 		goto ok;
 	    }
 	}
+
 	{
 	    char *p;
 	    int sign = 0;
@@ -473,27 +483,53 @@ date_zone_to_diff(VALUE str)
 		s++;
 		l--;
 
+#define out_of_range(v, min, max) ((v) < (min) || (max) < (v))
 		hour = STRTOUL(s, &p, 10);
 		if (*p == ':') {
+		    if (out_of_range(hour, 0, 23)) return Qnil;
 		    s = ++p;
 		    min = STRTOUL(s, &p, 10);
+		    if (out_of_range(min, 0, 59)) return Qnil;
 		    if (*p == ':') {
 			s = ++p;
 			sec = STRTOUL(s, &p, 10);
+			if (out_of_range(sec, 0, 59)) return Qnil;
 		    }
-		    goto num;
 		}
-		if (*p == ',' || *p == '.') {
-		    char *e = 0;
-		    p++;
-		    min = STRTOUL(p, &e, 10) * 3600;
+		else if (*p == ',' || *p == '.') {
+		    /* fractional hour */
+		    size_t n;
+		    int ov;
+		    /* no over precision for offset; 10**-7 hour = 0.36
+		     * milliseconds should be enough. */
+		    const size_t max_digits = 7; /* 36 * 10**7 < 32-bit FIXNUM_MAX */
+
+		    if (out_of_range(hour, 0, 23)) return Qnil;
+
+		    n = (s + l) - ++p;
+		    if (n > max_digits) n = max_digits;
+		    sec = ruby_scan_digits(p, n, 10, &n, &ov);
+		    if ((p += n) < s + l && *p >= ('5' + !(sec & 1)) && *p <= '9') {
+			/* round half to even */
+			sec++;
+		    }
+		    sec *= 36;
 		    if (sign) {
 			hour = -hour;
-			min = -min;
+			sec = -sec;
+		    }
+		    if (n <= 2) {
+			/* HH.nn or HH.n */
+			if (n == 1) sec *= 10;
+			offset = INT2FIX(sec + hour * 3600);
+		    }
+		    else {
+			VALUE denom = rb_int_positive_pow(10, (int)(n - 2));
+			offset = f_add(rb_rational_new(INT2FIX(sec), denom), INT2FIX(hour * 3600));
+			if (rb_rational_den(offset) == INT2FIX(1)) {
+			    offset = rb_rational_num(offset);
+			}
 		    }
-		    offset = rb_rational_new(INT2FIX(min),
-					     rb_int_positive_pow(10, (int)(e - p)));
-		    offset = f_add(INT2FIX(hour * 3600), offset);
 		    goto ok;
 		}
 		else if (l > 2) {
@@ -506,18 +542,16 @@ date_zone_to_diff(VALUE str)
 			min  = ruby_scan_digits(&s[2 - l % 2], 2, 10, &n, &ov);
 		    if (l >= 5)
 			sec  = ruby_scan_digits(&s[4 - l % 2], 2, 10, &n, &ov);
-		    goto num;
 		}
-	      num:
 		sec += min * 60 + hour * 3600;
 		if (sign) sec = -sec;
 		offset = INT2FIX(sec);
+#undef out_of_range
 	    }
 	}
     }
     RB_GC_GUARD(str);
   ok:
-    ALLOCV_END(vbuf);
     return offset;
 }
 
diff --git a/ext/date/date_strptime.c b/ext/date/date_strptime.c
index 7b06a31471..f731629df1 100644
--- a/ext/date/date_strptime.c
+++ b/ext/date/date_strptime.c
@@ -10,28 +10,15 @@
 static const char *day_names[] = {
     "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
     "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday",
-    "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed",
-    "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
 };
+static const int ABBREVIATED_DAY_NAME_LENGTH = 3;
 
 static const char *month_names[] = {
     "January", "February", "March", "April",
     "May", "June", "July", "August", "September",
     "October", "November", "December",
-    "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
-    "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
-};
-
-static const char *merid_names[] = {
-    "am", "pm",
-    "a.m.", "p.m."
-};
-
-static const char *extz_pats[] = {
-    ":z",
-    "::z",
-    ":::z"
 };
+static const int ABBREVIATED_MONTH_NAME_LENGTH = 3;
 
 #define sizeof_array(o) (sizeof o / sizeof o[0])
 
@@ -75,7 +62,7 @@ num_pattern_p(const char *s)
 #define NUM_PATTERN_P() num_pattern_p(&fmt[fi + 1])
 
 static long
-read_digits(const char *s, VALUE *n, size_t width)
+read_digits(const char *s, size_t slen, VALUE *n, size_t width)
 {
     size_t l;
 
@@ -83,7 +70,7 @@ read_digits(const char *s, VALUE *n, size_t width)
         return 0;
 
     l = 0;
-    while (ISDIGIT(s[l])) {
+    while (l < slen && ISDIGIT(s[l])) {
         if (++l == width) break;
     }
 
@@ -131,7 +118,7 @@ do { \
 #define READ_DIGITS(n,w) \
 do { \
     size_t l; \
-    l = read_digits(&str[si], &n, w); \
+    l = read_digits(&str[si], slen - si, &n, w); \
     if (l == 0) \
 	fail();	\
     si += l; \
@@ -161,6 +148,12 @@ do { \
 
 VALUE date_zone_to_diff(VALUE);
 
+static inline int
+head_match_p(size_t len, const char *name, const char *str, size_t slen, size_t si)
+{
+    return slen - si >= len && strncasecmp(name, &str[si], len) == 0;
+}
+
 static size_t
 date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 			const char *fmt, size_t flen, VALUE hash)
@@ -168,9 +161,18 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
     size_t si, fi;
     int c;
 
+#define HEAD_MATCH_P(len, name) head_match_p(len, name, str, slen, si)
     si = fi = 0;
 
     while (fi < flen) {
+	if (isspace((unsigned char)fmt[fi])) {
+	    while (si < slen && isspace((unsigned char)str[si]))
+		si++;
+	    while (++fi < flen && isspace((unsigned char)fmt[fi]));
+	    continue;
+	}
+
+	if (si >= slen) fail();
 
 	switch (fmt[fi]) {
 	  case '%':
@@ -194,12 +196,11 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 		{
 		    int i;
 
-		    for (i = 0; i < (int)sizeof_array(extz_pats); i++)
-			if (strncmp(extz_pats[i], &fmt[fi],
-					strlen(extz_pats[i])) == 0) {
-			    fi += i;
-			    goto again;
-			}
+		    for (i = 1; i < 3 && fi + i < flen && fmt[fi+i] == ':'; ++i);
+		    if (fmt[fi+i] == 'z') {
+			fi += i - 1;
+			goto again;
+		    }
 		    fail();
 		}
 
@@ -209,10 +210,12 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 		    int i;
 
 		    for (i = 0; i < (int)sizeof_array(day_names); i++) {
-			size_t l = strlen(day_names[i]);
-			if (strncasecmp(day_names[i], &str[si], l) == 0) {
+			const char *day_name = day_names[i];
+			size_t l = strlen(day_name);
+			if (HEAD_MATCH_P(l, day_name) ||
+			    HEAD_MATCH_P(l = ABBREVIATED_DAY_NAME_LENGTH, day_name)) {
 			    si += l;
-			    set_hash("wday", INT2FIX(i % 7));
+			    set_hash("wday", INT2FIX(i));
 			    goto matched;
 			}
 		    }
@@ -225,10 +228,12 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 		    int i;
 
 		    for (i = 0; i < (int)sizeof_array(month_names); i++) {
-			size_t l = strlen(month_names[i]);
-			if (strncasecmp(month_names[i], &str[si], l) == 0) {
+			const char *month_name = month_names[i];
+			size_t l = strlen(month_name);
+			if (HEAD_MATCH_P(l, month_name) ||
+			    HEAD_MATCH_P(l = ABBREVIATED_MONTH_NAME_LENGTH, month_name)) {
 			    si += l;
-			    set_hash("mon", INT2FIX((i % 12) + 1));
+			    set_hash("mon", INT2FIX(i + 1));
 			    goto matched;
 			}
 		    }
@@ -402,18 +407,19 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 
 	      case 'P':
 	      case 'p':
+		if (slen - si < 2) fail();
 		{
-		    int i;
-
-		    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-			size_t l = strlen(merid_names[i]);
-			if (strncasecmp(merid_names[i], &str[si], l) == 0) {
-			    si += l;
-			    set_hash("_merid", INT2FIX((i % 2) == 0 ? 0 : 12));
-			    goto matched;
-			}
+		    char c = str[si];
+		    const int hour = (c == 'P' || c == 'p') ? 12 : 0;
+		    if (!hour && !(c == 'A' || c == 'a')) fail();
+		    if ((c = str[si+1]) == '.') {
+			if (slen - si < 4 || str[si+3] != '.') fail();
+			c = str[si += 2];
 		    }
-		    fail();
+		    if (!(c == 'M' || c == 'm')) fail();
+		    si += 2;
+		    set_hash("_merid", INT2FIX(hour));
+		    goto matched;
 		}
 
 	      case 'Q':
@@ -587,7 +593,7 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 
 		    b = rb_backref_get();
 		    rb_match_busy(b);
-		    m = f_match(pat, rb_usascii_str_new2(&str[si]));
+		    m = f_match(pat, rb_usascii_str_new(&str[si], slen - si));
 
 		    if (!NIL_P(m)) {
 			VALUE s, l, o;
@@ -619,22 +625,13 @@ date__strptime_internal(const char *str, size_t slen,
 		if (str[si] != '%')
 		    fail();
 		si++;
-		if (fi < flen)
-		    if (str[si] != fmt[fi])
+		if (fi < flen) {
+		    if (si >= slen || str[si] != fmt[fi])
 			fail();
-		si++;
+		    si++;
+		}
 		goto matched;
 	    }
-	  case ' ':
-	  case '\t':
-	  case '\n':
-	  case '\v':
-	  case '\f':
-	  case '\r':
-	    while (isspace((unsigned char)str[si]))
-		si++;
-	    fi++;
-	    break;
 	  default:
 	  ordinal:
 	    if (str[si] != fmt[fi])
diff --git a/ext/date/depend b/ext/date/depend
index 3f550cd0a7..82f85f7bf3 100644
--- a/ext/date/depend
+++ b/ext/date/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 date_core.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -227,6 +226,7 @@ date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -296,7 +296,6 @@ date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -327,7 +326,6 @@ date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 date_parse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -402,6 +400,7 @@ date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -461,7 +460,6 @@ date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -492,7 +490,6 @@ date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 date_strftime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -564,6 +561,7 @@ date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -633,7 +631,6 @@ date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -664,7 +661,6 @@ date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 date_strptime.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/date/lib/date.rb b/ext/date/lib/date.rb
index 1899611440..6888bd2d4e 100644
--- a/ext/date/lib/date.rb
+++ b/ext/date/lib/date.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 require 'date_core'
 
 class Date
-  VERSION = "3.2.3" # :nodoc:
+  VERSION = "3.3.4" # :nodoc:
 
   # call-seq:
   #   infinite? -> false
diff --git a/ext/date/zonetab.h b/ext/date/zonetab.h
index 39a435db16..7ced9e0308 100644
--- a/ext/date/zonetab.h
+++ b/ext/date/zonetab.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ struct zone {
     int name;
     int offset;
 };
-static const struct zone *zonetab();
+static const struct zone *zonetab(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 #line 9 "zonetab.list"
 struct zone;
 
diff --git a/ext/date/zonetab.list b/ext/date/zonetab.list
index d2f902d2d5..748aec1d8a 100644
--- a/ext/date/zonetab.list
+++ b/ext/date/zonetab.list
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ struct zone {
     int name;
     int offset;
 };
-static const struct zone *zonetab();
+static const struct zone *zonetab(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 %}
 
 struct zone;
diff --git a/ext/digest/bubblebabble/depend b/ext/digest/bubblebabble/depend
index 38f5ddb1e2..6f0003a66d 100644
--- a/ext/digest/bubblebabble/depend
+++ b/ext/digest/bubblebabble/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 bubblebabble.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/digest/depend b/ext/digest/depend
index 5a84fd53ec..6df940a679 100644
--- a/ext/digest/depend
+++ b/ext/digest/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/digest/digest.h b/ext/digest/digest.h
index 8a4c5b7e4e..68a3da5dd2 100644
--- a/ext/digest/digest.h
+++ b/ext/digest/digest.h
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ rb_digest_##name##_update(void *ctx, unsigned char *ptr, size_t size) \
     for (; size > stride; size -= stride, ptr += stride) { \
         name##_Update(ctx, ptr, stride); \
     } \
-    if (size > 0) name##_Update(ctx, ptr, size); \
+    /* Since size <= stride, size should fit into an unsigned int */ \
+    if (size > 0) name##_Update(ctx, ptr, (unsigned int)size); \
 }
 
 #define DEFINE_FINISH_FUNC_FROM_FINAL(name) \
diff --git a/ext/digest/digest_conf.rb b/ext/digest/digest_conf.rb
index 1b929d8732..36a7d75289 100644
--- a/ext/digest/digest_conf.rb
+++ b/ext/digest/digest_conf.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 def digest_conf(name)
   unless with_config("bundled-#{name}")
     cc = with_config("common-digest")
-    if cc == true or /\b#{name}\b/ =~ cc
+    if cc != false or /\b#{name}\b/ =~ cc
       if File.exist?("#$srcdir/#{name}cc.h") and
         have_header("CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h")
         $defs << "-D#{name.upcase}_USE_COMMONDIGEST"
diff --git a/ext/digest/lib/digest/version.rb b/ext/digest/lib/digest/version.rb
index 79e6aeee99..42fd7acf6e 100644
--- a/ext/digest/lib/digest/version.rb
+++ b/ext/digest/lib/digest/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Digest
-  VERSION = "3.1.0"
+  VERSION = "3.1.1"
 end
diff --git a/ext/digest/md5/depend b/ext/digest/md5/depend
index 0353e7a40d..da1b345999 100644
--- a/ext/digest/md5/depend
+++ b/ext/digest/md5/depend
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -114,7 +115,6 @@ md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 md5.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -217,6 +216,7 @@ md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -276,7 +276,6 @@ md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -307,7 +306,6 @@ md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -326,5 +324,6 @@ md5init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 md5init.o: $(srcdir)/../defs.h
 md5init.o: $(srcdir)/../digest.h
 md5init.o: md5.h
+md5init.o: md5cc.h
 md5init.o: md5init.c
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/digest/rmd160/depend b/ext/digest/rmd160/depend
index 3a0ed72732..abfa08b023 100644
--- a/ext/digest/rmd160/depend
+++ b/ext/digest/rmd160/depend
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -114,7 +115,6 @@ rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rmd160.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -217,6 +216,7 @@ rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -276,7 +276,6 @@ rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -307,7 +306,6 @@ rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 rmd160init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/digest/sha1/depend b/ext/digest/sha1/depend
index a4e454d214..d17338e92b 100644
--- a/ext/digest/sha1/depend
+++ b/ext/digest/sha1/depend
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -114,7 +115,6 @@ sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 sha1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -217,6 +216,7 @@ sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -276,7 +276,6 @@ sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -307,7 +306,6 @@ sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -326,5 +324,6 @@ sha1init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 sha1init.o: $(srcdir)/../defs.h
 sha1init.o: $(srcdir)/../digest.h
 sha1init.o: sha1.h
+sha1init.o: sha1cc.h
 sha1init.o: sha1init.c
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/digest/sha2/depend b/ext/digest/sha2/depend
index 2fb598aa48..7b88b6411f 100644
--- a/ext/digest/sha2/depend
+++ b/ext/digest/sha2/depend
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -114,7 +115,6 @@ sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 sha2.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -217,6 +216,7 @@ sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -276,7 +276,6 @@ sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -307,7 +306,6 @@ sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -325,5 +323,6 @@ sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 sha2init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 sha2init.o: $(srcdir)/../digest.h
 sha2init.o: sha2.h
+sha2init.o: sha2cc.h
 sha2init.o: sha2init.c
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/erb/escape/escape.c b/ext/erb/escape/escape.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..67b2d1ef34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/erb/escape/escape.c
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#include "ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/encoding.h"
+
+static VALUE rb_cERB, rb_mEscape, rb_cCGI;
+static ID id_escapeHTML;
+
+#define HTML_ESCAPE_MAX_LEN 6
+
+static const struct {
+    uint8_t len;
+    char str[HTML_ESCAPE_MAX_LEN+1];
+} html_escape_table[UCHAR_MAX+1] = {
+#define HTML_ESCAPE(c, str) [c] = {rb_strlen_lit(str), str}
+    HTML_ESCAPE('\'', "&#39;"),
+    HTML_ESCAPE('&', "&amp;"),
+    HTML_ESCAPE('"', "&quot;"),
+    HTML_ESCAPE('<', "&lt;"),
+    HTML_ESCAPE('>', "&gt;"),
+#undef HTML_ESCAPE
+};
+
+static inline void
+preserve_original_state(VALUE orig, VALUE dest)
+{
+    rb_enc_associate(dest, rb_enc_get(orig));
+}
+
+static inline long
+escaped_length(VALUE str)
+{
+    const long len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
+    if (len >= LONG_MAX / HTML_ESCAPE_MAX_LEN) {
+        ruby_malloc_size_overflow(len, HTML_ESCAPE_MAX_LEN);
+    }
+    return len * HTML_ESCAPE_MAX_LEN;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+optimized_escape_html(VALUE str)
+{
+    VALUE vbuf;
+    char *buf = ALLOCV_N(char, vbuf, escaped_length(str));
+    const char *cstr = RSTRING_PTR(str);
+    const char *end = cstr + RSTRING_LEN(str);
+
+    char *dest = buf;
+    while (cstr < end) {
+        const unsigned char c = *cstr++;
+        uint8_t len = html_escape_table[c].len;
+        if (len) {
+            memcpy(dest, html_escape_table[c].str, len);
+            dest += len;
+        }
+        else {
+            *dest++ = c;
+        }
+    }
+
+    VALUE escaped = str;
+    if (RSTRING_LEN(str) < (dest - buf)) {
+        escaped = rb_str_new(buf, dest - buf);
+        preserve_original_state(str, escaped);
+    }
+    ALLOCV_END(vbuf);
+    return escaped;
+}
+
+// ERB::Util.html_escape is different from CGI.escapeHTML in the following two parts:
+//   * ERB::Util.html_escape converts an argument with #to_s first (only if it's not T_STRING)
+//   * ERB::Util.html_escape does not allocate a new string when nothing needs to be escaped
+static VALUE
+erb_escape_html(VALUE self, VALUE str)
+{
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(str, T_STRING)) {
+        str = rb_convert_type(str, T_STRING, "String", "to_s");
+    }
+
+    if (rb_enc_str_asciicompat_p(str)) {
+        return optimized_escape_html(str);
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_funcall(rb_cCGI, id_escapeHTML, 1, str);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Init_escape(void)
+{
+    rb_cERB = rb_define_class("ERB", rb_cObject);
+    rb_mEscape = rb_define_module_under(rb_cERB, "Escape");
+    rb_define_module_function(rb_mEscape, "html_escape", erb_escape_html, 1);
+
+    rb_cCGI = rb_define_class("CGI", rb_cObject);
+    id_escapeHTML = rb_intern("escapeHTML");
+}
diff --git a/ext/erb/escape/extconf.rb b/ext/erb/escape/extconf.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1002548ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/erb/escape/extconf.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+require 'mkmf'
+
+if RUBY_ENGINE == 'truffleruby'
+  File.write('Makefile', dummy_makefile($srcdir).join)
+else
+  create_makefile 'erb/escape'
+end
diff --git a/ext/etc/depend b/ext/etc/depend
index a541db6db6..00787b6aaf 100644
--- a/ext/etc/depend
+++ b/ext/etc/depend
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -126,7 +127,6 @@ etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 etc.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/etc/etc.c b/ext/etc/etc.c
index 4cd941f586..23127ca613 100644
--- a/ext/etc/etc.c
+++ b/ext/etc/etc.c
@@ -47,12 +47,16 @@ static VALUE sGroup;
 #define HAVE_UNAME 1
 #endif
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
-char *getenv();
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stdlib.h>
+#else
+# ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
+#  include <stdlib.h>
+# endif
 #endif
-char *getlogin();
+RUBY_EXTERN char *getlogin(void);
 
-#define RUBY_ETC_VERSION "1.4.0"
+#define RUBY_ETC_VERSION "1.4.3"
 
 #ifdef HAVE_RB_DEPRECATE_CONSTANT
 void rb_deprecate_constant(VALUE mod, const char *name);
@@ -62,6 +66,17 @@ void rb_deprecate_constant(VALUE mod, const char *name);
 
 #include "constdefs.h"
 
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_DESCRIPTOR
+static int
+io_descriptor_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->fd;
+}
+#define rb_io_descriptor io_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
 #ifdef HAVE_RUBY_ATOMIC_H
 # include "ruby/atomic.h"
 #else
@@ -937,14 +952,11 @@ io_pathconf(VALUE io, VALUE arg)
 {
     int name;
     long ret;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
 
     name = NUM2INT(arg);
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-
     errno = 0;
-    ret = fpathconf(fptr->fd, name);
+    ret = fpathconf(rb_io_descriptor(io), name);
     if (ret == -1) {
         if (errno == 0) /* no limit */
             return Qnil;
diff --git a/ext/etc/extconf.rb b/ext/etc/extconf.rb
index 159b1614b7..2e28d58037 100644
--- a/ext/etc/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/etc/extconf.rb
@@ -43,13 +43,23 @@ have_struct_member('struct group', 'gr_passwd', 'grp.h')
 
 # for https://github.com/ruby/etc
 srcdir = File.expand_path("..", __FILE__)
-if !File.exist?("#{srcdir}/depend")
-  %x[#{RbConfig.ruby} #{srcdir}/mkconstants.rb -o #{srcdir}/constdefs.h]
+constdefs = "#{srcdir}/constdefs.h"
+if !File.exist?(constdefs)
+  ruby = RbConfig.ruby
+  if File.file?(ruby)
+    ruby = [ruby]
+  else
+    require "shellwords"
+    ruby = Shellwords.split(ruby)
+  end
+  system(*ruby, "#{srcdir}/mkconstants.rb", "-o", constdefs)
 end
 
 # TODO: remove when dropping 2.7 support, as exported since 3.0
 have_func('rb_deprecate_constant(Qnil, "None")')
 
+have_func("rb_io_descriptor")
+
 $distcleanfiles << "constdefs.h"
 
 create_makefile("etc")
diff --git a/ext/extmk.rb b/ext/extmk.rb
index 40fc10ea1c..d9c2417dfa 100755
--- a/ext/extmk.rb
+++ b/ext/extmk.rb
@@ -43,11 +43,7 @@ $" << "mkmf.rb"
 load File.expand_path("lib/mkmf.rb", srcdir)
 require 'optparse/shellwords'
 
-if defined?(File::NULL)
-  @null = File::NULL
-elsif !File.chardev?(@null = "/dev/null")
-  @null = "nul"
-end
+@null = File::NULL
 
 def verbose?
   $mflags.defined?("V") == "1"
@@ -136,6 +132,14 @@ def extract_makefile(makefile, keep = true)
   true
 end
 
+def create_makefile(target, srcprefix = nil)
+  if $static and target.include?("/")
+    base = File.basename(target)
+    $defs << "-DInit_#{base}=Init_#{target.tr('/', '_')}"
+  end
+  super
+end
+
 def extmake(target, basedir = 'ext', maybestatic = true)
   FileUtils.mkpath target unless File.directory?(target)
   begin
@@ -144,7 +148,7 @@ def extmake(target, basedir = 'ext', maybestatic = true)
     d = target
     until (d = File.dirname(d)) == '.'
       if File.exist?("#{$top_srcdir}/#{basedir}/#{d}/extconf.rb")
-        parent = (/^all:\s*install/ =~ IO.read("#{d}/Makefile") rescue false)
+        parent = (/^all:\s*install/ =~ File.read("#{d}/Makefile") rescue false)
         break
       end
     end
@@ -447,9 +451,8 @@ if $extstatic
 end
 for dir in ["ext", File::join($top_srcdir, "ext")]
   setup = File::join(dir, CONFIG['setup'])
-  if File.file? setup
-    f = open(setup)
-    while line = f.gets()
+  if (f = File.stat(setup) and f.file? rescue next)
+    File.foreach(setup) do |line|
       line.chomp!
       line.sub!(/#.*$/, '')
       next if /^\s*$/ =~ line
@@ -466,7 +469,6 @@ for dir in ["ext", File::join($top_srcdir, "ext")]
     end
     MTIMES << f.mtime
     $setup = setup
-    f.close
     break
   end
 end unless $extstatic
@@ -536,9 +538,14 @@ extend Module.new {
 
   def timestamp_file(name, target_prefix = nil)
     if @gemname and name == '$(TARGET_SO_DIR)'
-      name = "$(arch)/gems/#{@gemname}#{target_prefix}"
+      gem = true
+      name = "$(gem_platform)/$(ruby_version)/gems/#{@gemname}#{target_prefix}"
+    end
+    path = super.sub(%r[/\.extout\.(?:-\.)?], '/.')
+    if gem
+      nil while path.sub!(%r[/\.(gem_platform|ruby_version)\.-(?=\.)], '/$(\1)/')
     end
-    super.sub(%r[/\.extout\.(?:-\.)?], '/.')
+    path
   end
 
   def configuration(srcdir)
@@ -546,7 +553,13 @@ extend Module.new {
   end
 
   def create_makefile(*args, &block)
-    return super unless @gemname
+    unless @gemname
+      if $static and (target = args.first).include?("/")
+        base = File.basename(target)
+        $defs << "-DInit_#{base}=Init_#{target.tr('/', '_')}"
+      end
+      return super
+    end
     super(*args) do |conf|
       conf.find do |s|
         s.sub!(%r(^(srcdir *= *)\$\(top_srcdir\)/\.bundle/gems/[^/]+(?=/))) {
@@ -607,7 +620,7 @@ CP_R = #{config_string('CP')} -r
 
 gemlib = $(TARGET_TOPDIR)/gems/$(gem)/lib
 gemlib:#{%{ $(gemlib)\n$(gemlib): $(gem_srcdir)/lib} if $nmake}
-	$(Q) #{@inplace ? '$(NULLCMD) ' : ''}$(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/ln_sr.rb -f -T $(gem_srcdir)/lib $(gemlib)
+	$(Q) #{@inplace ? '$(NULLCMD) ' : ''}$(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/ln_sr.rb -q -f -T $(gem_srcdir)/lib $(gemlib)
 
 clean-gemlib:
 	$(Q) $(#{@inplace ? 'NULLCMD' : 'RM_RF'}) $(gemlib)
@@ -716,6 +729,8 @@ begin
     mf.puts "ECHO1 = $(V:1=@:)"
     mf.puts "ECHO = $(ECHO1:0=@echo)"
     mf.puts "MFLAGS = -$(MAKEFLAGS)" if $nmake
+    mf.puts "override MFLAGS := $(filter-out -j%,$(MFLAGS))" if $gnumake
+    mf.puts "ext_build_dir = #{File.dirname($command_output)}"
     mf.puts
 
     def mf.macro(name, values, max = 70)
@@ -758,6 +773,14 @@ begin
     mf.macro "SUBMAKEOPTS", submakeopts
     mf.macro "NOTE_MESG", %w[$(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/lib/colorize.rb skip]
     mf.macro "NOTE_NAME", %w[$(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/lib/colorize.rb fail]
+    %w[RM RMDIRS RMDIR RMALL].each {|w| mf.macro w, [RbConfig::CONFIG[w]]}
+    if $nmake
+      message = ['@(for %I in (', ') do @echo.%~I)']
+    else
+      message = ['@for line in', '; do echo "$$line"; done']
+    end
+    mf.macro "MESSAGE_BEGIN", [message.first]
+    mf.macro "MESSAGE_END", [message.last]
     mf.puts
     targets = %w[all install static install-so install-rb clean distclean realclean]
     targets.each do |tgt|
@@ -792,16 +815,20 @@ begin
       exts.each do |d|
         d = d[0..-2]
         t = "#{d}#{tgt}"
-        if  /^(dist|real)?clean$/ =~ tgt
+        if clean = /^(dist|real)?clean$/.match(tgt)
           deps = exts.select {|e|e.start_with?(d)}.map {|e|"#{e[0..-2]}#{tgt}"} - [t]
-          pd = ' ' + deps.join(' ') unless deps.empty?
+          pd = [' clean-local', *deps].join(' ')
         else
           pext = File.dirname(d)
           pd = " #{pext}/#{tgt}" if exts.include?("#{pext}/.")
         end
         mf.puts "#{t}:#{pd}\n\t$(Q)#{submake} $(MFLAGS) V=$(V) $(@F)"
+        if clean and clean.begin(1)
+          mf.puts "\t$(Q)$(RM) $(ext_build_dir)/exts.mk\n\t$(Q)$(RMDIRS) -p $(@D)"
+        end
       end
     end
+    mf.puts "\n""clean-local:\n\t$(Q)$(RM) $(ext_build_dir)/*~ $(ext_build_dir)/*.bak $(ext_build_dir)/core"
     mf.puts "\n""extso:\n"
     mf.puts "\t@echo EXTSO=$(EXTSO)"
 
@@ -816,15 +843,17 @@ begin
       fails.each do |ext, (parent, err)|
         abandon ||= mandatory_exts[ext]
         mf.puts %Q<\t@$(NOTE_NAME) "#{ext}:">
+        mf.puts "\t$(MESSAGE_BEGIN) \\"
         if parent
-          mf.puts %Q<\t@echo "\tCould not be configured. It will not be installed.">
+          mf.puts %Q<\t"\tCould not be configured. It will not be installed." \\>
           err and err.scan(/.+/) do |ee|
-            mf.puts %Q<\t@echo "\t#{ee.gsub(/["`$^]/, '\\\\\\&')}">
+            mf.puts %Q<\t"\t#{ee.gsub(/["`$^]/, '\\\\\\&')}" \\>
           end
-          mf.puts %Q<\t@echo "\tCheck #{ext_prefix}/#{ext}/mkmf.log for more details.">
+          mf.puts %Q<\t"\tCheck #{ext_prefix}/#{ext}/mkmf.log for more details." \\>
         else
-          mf.puts %Q<\t@echo "\tSkipped because its parent was not configured.">
+          mf.puts %Q<\t"\tSkipped because its parent was not configured." \\>
         end
+        mf.puts "\t$(MESSAGE_END)"
       end
       mf.puts "note:\n"
       mf.puts %Q<\t@$(NOTE_MESG) "*** Fix the problems, then remove these directories and try again if you want.">
diff --git a/ext/fcntl/depend b/ext/fcntl/depend
index 718de62e26..9ce9fa30ef 100644
--- a/ext/fcntl/depend
+++ b/ext/fcntl/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -111,7 +112,6 @@ fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 fcntl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/fcntl/fcntl.c b/ext/fcntl/fcntl.c
index 3bccc41e4c..4af2077a0a 100644
--- a/ext/fcntl/fcntl.c
+++ b/ext/fcntl/fcntl.c
@@ -61,10 +61,16 @@ pack up your own arguments to pass as args for locking functions, etc.
  *   f.fcntl(Fcntl::F_SETFL, Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK|m)
  *
  */
+
+#define FCNTL_VERSION "1.1.0"
+
 void
 Init_fcntl(void)
 {
     VALUE mFcntl = rb_define_module("Fcntl");
+
+    rb_define_const(mFcntl, "VERSION", rb_str_new_cstr(FCNTL_VERSION));
+
 #ifdef F_DUPFD
     /* Document-const: F_DUPFD
      *
diff --git a/ext/fcntl/fcntl.gemspec b/ext/fcntl/fcntl.gemspec
index 048e101aa5..54aadb4b81 100644
--- a/ext/fcntl/fcntl.gemspec
+++ b/ext/fcntl/fcntl.gemspec
@@ -1,9 +1,19 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+source_version = ["", "ext/fcntl/"].find do |dir|
+  begin
+    break File.open(File.join(__dir__, "#{dir}fcntl.c")) {|f|
+      f.gets("\n#define FCNTL_VERSION ")
+      f.gets[/\s*"(.+)"/, 1]
+    }
+  rescue Errno::ENOENT
+  end
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "fcntl"
-  spec.version       = "1.0.1"
+  spec.version       = source_version
   spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
   spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
 
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/closure.c b/ext/fiddle/closure.c
index a74cc53b78..2b4cdb6608 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/closure.c
+++ b/ext/fiddle/closure.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include <fiddle.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <ruby/thread.h>
 
 int ruby_thread_has_gvl_p(void); /* from internal.h */
@@ -54,8 +55,13 @@ closure_memsize(const void * ptr)
 }
 
 const rb_data_type_t closure_data_type = {
-    "fiddle/closure",
-    {0, dealloc, closure_memsize,},
+    .wrap_struct_name = "fiddle/closure",
+    .function = {
+        .dmark = 0,
+        .dfree = dealloc,
+        .dsize = closure_memsize
+    },
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 struct callback_args {
@@ -74,7 +80,7 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
     VALUE rbargs    = rb_iv_get(self, "@args");
     VALUE ctype     = rb_iv_get(self, "@ctype");
     int argc        = RARRAY_LENINT(rbargs);
-    VALUE params    = rb_ary_hidden_new(argc);
+    VALUE params    = rb_ary_tmp_new(argc);
     VALUE ret;
     VALUE cPointer;
     int i, type;
@@ -90,7 +96,7 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
 	  case TYPE_INT:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, INT2NUM(*(int *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
-	  case -TYPE_INT:
+	  case TYPE_UINT:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, UINT2NUM(*(unsigned int *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
 	  case TYPE_VOIDP:
@@ -101,19 +107,19 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
 	  case TYPE_LONG:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, LONG2NUM(*(long *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
-	  case -TYPE_LONG:
+	  case TYPE_ULONG:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, ULONG2NUM(*(unsigned long *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
 	  case TYPE_CHAR:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, INT2NUM(*(signed char *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
-	  case -TYPE_CHAR:
+	  case TYPE_UCHAR:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, UINT2NUM(*(unsigned char *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
 	  case TYPE_SHORT:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, INT2NUM(*(signed short *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
-	  case -TYPE_SHORT:
+	  case TYPE_USHORT:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, UINT2NUM(*(unsigned short *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
 	  case TYPE_DOUBLE:
@@ -126,7 +132,7 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
 	  case TYPE_LONG_LONG:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, LL2NUM(*(LONG_LONG *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
-	  case -TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+	  case TYPE_ULONG_LONG:
 	    rb_ary_push(params, ULL2NUM(*(unsigned LONG_LONG *)x->args[i]));
 	    break;
 #endif
@@ -134,6 +140,20 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
 	    rb_ary_push(params,
                         rb_str_new_cstr(*((const char **)(x->args[i]))));
 	    break;
+	  case TYPE_BOOL:
+            if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(char)) {
+                rb_ary_push(params, CBOOL2RBBOOL(*(unsigned char *)x->args[i]));
+            } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(short)) {
+                rb_ary_push(params, CBOOL2RBBOOL(*(unsigned short *)x->args[i]));
+            } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(int)) {
+                rb_ary_push(params, CBOOL2RBBOOL(*(unsigned int *)x->args[i]));
+            } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(long)) {
+                rb_ary_push(params, CBOOL2RBBOOL(*(unsigned long *)x->args[i]));
+            } else {
+                rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "bool isn't supported: %u",
+                         (unsigned int)sizeof(bool));
+            }
+	    break;
 	  default:
 	    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "closure args: %d", type);
         }
@@ -149,7 +169,7 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
       case TYPE_LONG:
 	*(long *)x->resp = NUM2LONG(ret);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_LONG:
+      case TYPE_ULONG:
 	*(unsigned long *)x->resp = NUM2ULONG(ret);
 	break;
       case TYPE_CHAR:
@@ -157,9 +177,9 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
       case TYPE_INT:
 	*(ffi_sarg *)x->resp = NUM2INT(ret);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_CHAR:
-      case -TYPE_SHORT:
-      case -TYPE_INT:
+      case TYPE_UCHAR:
+      case TYPE_USHORT:
+      case TYPE_UINT:
 	*(ffi_arg *)x->resp = NUM2UINT(ret);
 	break;
       case TYPE_VOIDP:
@@ -175,7 +195,7 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
       case TYPE_LONG_LONG:
 	*(LONG_LONG *)x->resp = NUM2LL(ret);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+      case TYPE_ULONG_LONG:
 	*(unsigned LONG_LONG *)x->resp = NUM2ULL(ret);
 	break;
 #endif
@@ -183,6 +203,13 @@ with_gvl_callback(void *ptr)
         /* Dangerous. Callback must keep reference of the String. */
         *((const char **)(x->resp)) = StringValueCStr(ret);
         break;
+      case TYPE_BOOL:
+        if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(long)) {
+            *(unsigned long *)x->resp = RB_TEST(ret);
+        } else {
+            *(ffi_arg *)x->resp = RB_TEST(ret);
+        }
+        break;
       default:
 	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "closure retval: %d", type);
     }
@@ -224,9 +251,27 @@ allocate(VALUE klass)
     return i;
 }
 
+static fiddle_closure *
+get_raw(VALUE self)
+{
+    fiddle_closure *closure;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, fiddle_closure, &closure_data_type, closure);
+    if (!closure) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "already freed: %+"PRIsVALUE, self);
+    }
+    return closure;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    VALUE self;
+    int argc;
+    VALUE *argv;
+} initialize_data;
+
 static VALUE
-initialize(int rbargc, VALUE argv[], VALUE self)
+initialize_body(VALUE user_data)
 {
+    initialize_data *data = (initialize_data *)user_data;
     VALUE ret;
     VALUE args;
     VALUE normalized_args;
@@ -237,14 +282,14 @@ initialize(int rbargc, VALUE argv[], VALUE self)
     ffi_status result;
     int i, argc;
 
-    if (2 == rb_scan_args(rbargc, argv, "21", &ret, &args, &abi))
-	abi = INT2NUM(FFI_DEFAULT_ABI);
+    if (2 == rb_scan_args(data->argc, data->argv, "21", &ret, &args, &abi))
+        abi = INT2NUM(FFI_DEFAULT_ABI);
 
     Check_Type(args, T_ARRAY);
 
     argc = RARRAY_LENINT(args);
 
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, fiddle_closure, &closure_data_type, cl);
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(data->self, fiddle_closure, &closure_data_type, cl);
 
     cl->argv = (ffi_type **)xcalloc(argc + 1, sizeof(ffi_type *));
 
@@ -257,8 +302,8 @@ initialize(int rbargc, VALUE argv[], VALUE self)
     cl->argv[argc] = NULL;
 
     ret = rb_fiddle_type_ensure(ret);
-    rb_iv_set(self, "@ctype", ret);
-    rb_iv_set(self, "@args", normalized_args);
+    rb_iv_set(data->self, "@ctype", ret);
+    rb_iv_set(data->self, "@args", normalized_args);
 
     cif = &cl->cif;
     pcl = cl->pcl;
@@ -269,38 +314,75 @@ initialize(int rbargc, VALUE argv[], VALUE self)
                           rb_fiddle_int_to_ffi_type(NUM2INT(ret)),
                           cl->argv);
 
-    if (FFI_OK != result)
-	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "error prepping CIF %d", result);
+    if (FFI_OK != result) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "error prepping CIF %d", result);
+    }
 
 #if USE_FFI_CLOSURE_ALLOC
     result = ffi_prep_closure_loc(pcl, cif, callback,
-		(void *)self, cl->code);
+                                  (void *)(data->self), cl->code);
 #else
-    result = ffi_prep_closure(pcl, cif, callback, (void *)self);
+    result = ffi_prep_closure(pcl, cif, callback, (void *)(data->self));
     cl->code = (void *)pcl;
     i = mprotect(pcl, sizeof(*pcl), PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC);
     if (i) {
-	rb_sys_fail("mprotect");
+        rb_sys_fail("mprotect");
     }
 #endif
 
-    if (FFI_OK != result)
-	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "error prepping closure %d", result);
+    if (FFI_OK != result) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "error prepping closure %d", result);
+    }
 
-    return self;
+    return data->self;
 }
 
 static VALUE
-to_i(VALUE self)
+initialize_rescue(VALUE user_data, VALUE exception)
 {
-    fiddle_closure * cl;
-    void *code;
+    initialize_data *data = (initialize_data *)user_data;
+    dealloc(RTYPEDDATA_DATA(data->self));
+    RTYPEDDATA_DATA(data->self) = NULL;
+    rb_exc_raise(exception);
+    return data->self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    initialize_data data;
+    data.self = self;
+    data.argc = argc;
+    data.argv = argv;
+    return rb_rescue(initialize_body, (VALUE)&data,
+                     initialize_rescue, (VALUE)&data);
+}
 
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, fiddle_closure, &closure_data_type, cl);
+static VALUE
+to_i(VALUE self)
+{
+    fiddle_closure *closure = get_raw(self);
+    return PTR2NUM(closure->code);
+}
 
-    code = cl->code;
+static VALUE
+closure_free(VALUE self)
+{
+    fiddle_closure *closure;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, fiddle_closure, &closure_data_type, closure);
+    if (closure) {
+        dealloc(closure);
+        RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self) = NULL;
+    }
+    return RUBY_Qnil;
+}
 
-    return PTR2NUM(code);
+static VALUE
+closure_freed_p(VALUE self)
+{
+    fiddle_closure *closure;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, fiddle_closure, &closure_data_type, closure);
+    return closure ? RUBY_Qfalse : RUBY_Qtrue;
 }
 
 void
@@ -353,8 +435,24 @@ Init_fiddle_closure(void)
     /*
      * Document-method: to_i
      *
-     * Returns the memory address for this closure
+     * Returns the memory address for this closure.
      */
     rb_define_method(cFiddleClosure, "to_i", to_i, 0);
+
+    /*
+     * Document-method: free
+     *
+     * Free this closure explicitly. You can't use this closure anymore.
+     *
+     * If this closure is already freed, this does nothing.
+     */
+    rb_define_method(cFiddleClosure, "free", closure_free, 0);
+
+    /*
+     * Document-method: freed?
+     *
+     * Whether this closure was freed explicitly.
+     */
+    rb_define_method(cFiddleClosure, "freed?", closure_freed_p, 0);
 }
 /* vim: set noet sw=4 sts=4 */
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/conversions.c b/ext/fiddle/conversions.c
index 6e0ce36378..796bf929c3 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/conversions.c
+++ b/ext/fiddle/conversions.c
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
 #include <fiddle.h>
 
 VALUE
@@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ rb_fiddle_type_ensure(VALUE type)
         ID ptrdiff_t_id;
         ID intptr_t_id;
         ID uintptr_t_id;
+        ID bool_id;
         RUBY_CONST_ID(void_id, "void");
         RUBY_CONST_ID(voidp_id, "voidp");
         RUBY_CONST_ID(char_id, "char");
@@ -74,6 +77,7 @@ rb_fiddle_type_ensure(VALUE type)
         RUBY_CONST_ID(ptrdiff_t_id, "ptrdiff_t");
         RUBY_CONST_ID(intptr_t_id, "intptr_t");
         RUBY_CONST_ID(uintptr_t_id, "uintptr_t");
+        RUBY_CONST_ID(bool_id, "bool");
         if (type_id == void_id) {
             return INT2NUM(TYPE_VOID);
         }
@@ -144,6 +148,9 @@ rb_fiddle_type_ensure(VALUE type)
         else if (type_id == uintptr_t_id) {
             return INT2NUM(TYPE_UINTPTR_T);
         }
+        else if (type_id == bool_id) {
+            return INT2NUM(TYPE_BOOL);
+        }
         else {
             type = original_type;
         }
@@ -187,6 +194,20 @@ rb_fiddle_int_to_ffi_type(int type)
 	return &ffi_type_double;
       case TYPE_CONST_STRING:
 	return &ffi_type_pointer;
+      case TYPE_BOOL:
+	signed_p = 0;
+        if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(char)) {
+            return rb_ffi_type_of(char);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(short)) {
+            return rb_ffi_type_of(short);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(int)) {
+            return rb_ffi_type_of(int);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(long)) {
+            return rb_ffi_type_of(long);
+        } else {
+            rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "bool isn't supported: %u",
+                     (unsigned int)sizeof(bool));
+        }
       default:
 	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unknown type %d", type);
     }
@@ -209,34 +230,38 @@ rb_fiddle_value_to_generic(int type, VALUE *src, fiddle_generic *dst)
 	dst->pointer = NUM2PTR(rb_Integer(*src));
 	break;
       case TYPE_CHAR:
-	dst->schar = (signed char)NUM2INT(*src);
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(*src, RUBY_T_STRING) && RSTRING_LEN(*src) == 1) {
+            dst->schar = RSTRING_PTR(*src)[0];
+        } else {
+            dst->schar = (signed char)NUM2INT(*src);
+        }
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_CHAR:
+      case TYPE_UCHAR:
 	dst->uchar = (unsigned char)NUM2UINT(*src);
 	break;
       case TYPE_SHORT:
 	dst->sshort = (unsigned short)NUM2INT(*src);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_SHORT:
+      case TYPE_USHORT:
 	dst->sshort = (signed short)NUM2UINT(*src);
 	break;
       case TYPE_INT:
 	dst->sint = NUM2INT(*src);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_INT:
+      case TYPE_UINT:
 	dst->uint = NUM2UINT(*src);
 	break;
       case TYPE_LONG:
 	dst->slong = NUM2LONG(*src);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_LONG:
+      case TYPE_ULONG:
 	dst->ulong = NUM2ULONG(*src);
 	break;
 #if HAVE_LONG_LONG
       case TYPE_LONG_LONG:
 	dst->slong_long = NUM2LL(*src);
 	break;
-      case -TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+      case TYPE_ULONG_LONG:
 	dst->ulong_long = NUM2ULL(*src);
 	break;
 #endif
@@ -254,8 +279,23 @@ rb_fiddle_value_to_generic(int type, VALUE *src, fiddle_generic *dst)
             dst->pointer = rb_string_value_cstr(src);
         }
 	break;
+      case TYPE_BOOL:
+        if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(char)) {
+            dst->uchar = RB_TEST(*src);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(short)) {
+            dst->ushort = RB_TEST(*src);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(int)) {
+            dst->uint = RB_TEST(*src);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(long)) {
+            dst->ulong = RB_TEST(*src);
+        } else {
+            rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "bool isn't supported: %u",
+                     (unsigned int)sizeof(bool));
+        }
+        break;
       default:
 	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unknown type %d", type);
+        break;
     }
 }
 
@@ -283,24 +323,24 @@ rb_fiddle_generic_to_value(VALUE rettype, fiddle_generic retval)
           PTR2NUM((void *)retval.pointer));
       case TYPE_CHAR:
 	return INT2NUM((signed char)retval.fffi_sarg);
-      case -TYPE_CHAR:
+      case TYPE_UCHAR:
 	return INT2NUM((unsigned char)retval.fffi_arg);
       case TYPE_SHORT:
 	return INT2NUM((signed short)retval.fffi_sarg);
-      case -TYPE_SHORT:
+      case TYPE_USHORT:
 	return INT2NUM((unsigned short)retval.fffi_arg);
       case TYPE_INT:
 	return INT2NUM((signed int)retval.fffi_sarg);
-      case -TYPE_INT:
+      case TYPE_UINT:
 	return UINT2NUM((unsigned int)retval.fffi_arg);
       case TYPE_LONG:
 	return LONG2NUM(retval.slong);
-      case -TYPE_LONG:
+      case TYPE_ULONG:
 	return ULONG2NUM(retval.ulong);
 #if HAVE_LONG_LONG
       case TYPE_LONG_LONG:
 	return LL2NUM(retval.slong_long);
-      case -TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+      case TYPE_ULONG_LONG:
 	return ULL2NUM(retval.ulong_long);
 #endif
       case TYPE_FLOAT:
@@ -314,6 +354,19 @@ rb_fiddle_generic_to_value(VALUE rettype, fiddle_generic retval)
         else {
             return Qnil;
         }
+      case TYPE_BOOL:
+        if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(char)) {
+            return CBOOL2RBBOOL((unsigned char)retval.fffi_arg);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(short)) {
+            return CBOOL2RBBOOL((unsigned short)retval.fffi_arg);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(int)) {
+            return CBOOL2RBBOOL((unsigned int)retval.fffi_arg);
+        } else if (sizeof(bool) == sizeof(long)) {
+            return CBOOL2RBBOOL(retval.ulong);
+        } else {
+            rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "bool isn't supported: %u",
+                     (unsigned int)sizeof(bool));
+        }
       default:
 	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "unknown type %d", type);
     }
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/conversions.h b/ext/fiddle/conversions.h
index c7c12a9234..7a1e928d56 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/conversions.h
+++ b/ext/fiddle/conversions.h
@@ -50,4 +50,6 @@ VALUE generic_to_value(VALUE rettype, fiddle_generic retval);
 # define NUM2PTR(x)   ((void*)(NUM2ULL(x)))
 #endif
 
+#define CBOOL2RBBOOL(cbool) ((cbool) ? RUBY_Qtrue : RUBY_Qfalse)
+
 #endif
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/depend b/ext/fiddle/depend
index d6a053f05b..561785275e 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/depend
+++ b/ext/fiddle/depend
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -164,7 +165,6 @@ closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -195,7 +195,6 @@ closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 closure.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -270,6 +269,7 @@ conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -329,7 +329,6 @@ conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -360,7 +359,6 @@ conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 conversions.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -434,6 +432,7 @@ fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -493,7 +492,6 @@ fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -524,7 +522,6 @@ fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 fiddle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -598,6 +595,7 @@ function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -657,7 +655,6 @@ function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -688,7 +685,6 @@ function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 function.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -763,6 +759,7 @@ handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -822,7 +819,6 @@ handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -853,7 +849,6 @@ handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 handle.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -928,6 +923,7 @@ memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -996,7 +992,6 @@ memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1027,7 +1022,6 @@ memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 memory_view.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1104,6 +1098,7 @@ pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1163,7 +1158,6 @@ pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1194,7 +1188,6 @@ pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 pinned.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1269,6 +1262,7 @@ pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1337,7 +1331,6 @@ pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1368,7 +1361,6 @@ pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 pointer.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/extconf.rb b/ext/fiddle/extconf.rb
index 93b4f9d4fa..2d85b3eea5 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/extconf.rb
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ end
 
 libffi_version = nil
 have_libffi = false
-bundle = enable_config('bundled-libffi')
+bundle = with_config("libffi-source-dir")
 unless bundle
   dir_config 'libffi'
 
@@ -63,31 +63,20 @@ unless bundle
   end
   if have_ffi_header && (have_library('ffi') || have_library('libffi'))
     have_libffi = true
+    checking_for("undefined FFI_GO_CLOSURES is used") do
+      if egrep_cpp(/warning: 'FFI_GO_CLOSURES' is not defined/, cpp_include(ffi_header), "2>&1")
+        $defs.push('-DFFI_GO_CLOSURES=0')
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
 
 unless have_libffi
-  # for https://github.com/ruby/fiddle
-  extlibs_rb = File.expand_path("../../bin/extlibs.rb", $srcdir)
-  if bundle && File.exist?(extlibs_rb)
-    require "fileutils"
-    require_relative "../../bin/extlibs"
-    extlibs = ExtLibs.new
-    cache_dir = File.expand_path("../../tmp/.download_cache", $srcdir)
-    ext_dir = File.expand_path("../../ext", $srcdir)
-    Dir.glob("#{$srcdir}/libffi-*/").each{|dir| FileUtils.rm_rf(dir)}
-    extlibs.run(["--cache=#{cache_dir}", ext_dir])
-  end
-  if bundle != false
-    libffi_package_name = Dir.glob("#{$srcdir}/libffi-*/")
-                            .map {|n| File.basename(n)}
-                            .max_by {|n| n.scan(/\d+/).map(&:to_i)}
-  end
-  unless libffi_package_name
-    raise "missing libffi. Please install libffi."
+  if bundle
+    libffi_srcdir = libffi_package_name = bundle
+  else
+    raise "missing libffi. Please install libffi or use --with-libffi-source-dir with libffi source location."
   end
-
-  libffi_srcdir = "#{$srcdir}/#{libffi_package_name}"
   ffi_header = 'ffi.h'
   libffi = Struct.new(*%I[dir srcdir builddir include lib a cflags ldflags opt arch]).new
   libffi.dir = libffi_package_name
@@ -167,7 +156,7 @@ if libffi_version
   libffi_version = libffi_version.gsub(/-rc\d+/, '')
   libffi_version = (libffi_version.split('.').map(&:to_i) + [0,0])[0,3]
   $defs.push(%{-DRUBY_LIBFFI_MODVERSION=#{ '%d%03d%03d' % libffi_version }})
-  puts "libffi_version: #{libffi_version.join('.')}"
+  warn "libffi_version: #{libffi_version.join('.')}"
 end
 
 case
@@ -226,7 +215,7 @@ types.each do |type, signed|
 end
 
 if libffi
-  $LOCAL_LIBS.prepend("./#{libffi.a} ").strip! # to exts.mk
+  $LOCAL_LIBS.prepend("#{libffi.a} ").strip! # to exts.mk
   $INCFLAGS.gsub!(/-I#{libffi.dir}/, '-I$(LIBFFI_DIR)')
 end
 create_makefile 'fiddle' do |conf|
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/extlibs b/ext/fiddle/extlibs
deleted file mode 100644
index 68dac46a95..0000000000
--- a/ext/fiddle/extlibs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-ver = 3.2.1
-pkg = libffi-$(ver)
-
-https://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/blfs/conglomeration/libffi/$(pkg).tar.gz \
-  md5:83b89587607e3eb65c70d361f13bab43 \
-  sha512:980ca30a8d76f963fca722432b1fe5af77d7a4e4d2eac5144fbc5374d4c596609a293440573f4294207e1bdd9fda80ad1e1cafb2ffb543df5a275bc3bd546483 \
-  #
-	win32/$(pkg)-mswin.patch -p0
-
-$(pkg)/config.guess -> /tool/config.guess
-$(pkg)/config.sub -> /tool/config.sub
-
-! chdir: $(pkg)| autoconf || exit 0
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/fiddle.c b/ext/fiddle/fiddle.c
index a8b5123269..f420d9fa3b 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/fiddle.c
+++ b/ext/fiddle/fiddle.c
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
 #include <fiddle.h>
 
 VALUE mFiddle;
@@ -58,18 +60,16 @@ rb_fiddle_free(VALUE self, VALUE addr)
 /*
  * call-seq: Fiddle.dlunwrap(addr)
  *
- * Returns the hexadecimal representation of a memory pointer address +addr+
+ * Returns the Ruby object stored at the memory address +addr+
  *
  * Example:
  *
- *   lib = Fiddle.dlopen('/lib64/libc-2.15.so')
- *   => #<Fiddle::Handle:0x00000001342460>
- *
- *   lib['strcpy'].to_s(16)
- *   => "7f59de6dd240"
- *
- *   Fiddle.dlunwrap(Fiddle.dlwrap(lib['strcpy'].to_s(16)))
- *   => "7f59de6dd240"
+ *    x = Object.new
+ *    # => #<Object:0x0000000107c7d870>
+ *    Fiddle.dlwrap(x)
+ *    # => 4425504880
+ *    Fiddle.dlunwrap(_)
+ *    # => #<Object:0x0000000107c7d870>
  */
 VALUE
 rb_fiddle_ptr2value(VALUE self, VALUE addr)
@@ -80,15 +80,22 @@ rb_fiddle_ptr2value(VALUE self, VALUE addr)
 /*
  * call-seq: Fiddle.dlwrap(val)
  *
- * Returns a memory pointer of a function's hexadecimal address location +val+
+ * Returns the memory address of the Ruby object stored at +val+
  *
  * Example:
  *
- *   lib = Fiddle.dlopen('/lib64/libc-2.15.so')
- *   => #<Fiddle::Handle:0x00000001342460>
+ *    x = Object.new
+ *    # => #<Object:0x0000000107c7d870>
+ *    Fiddle.dlwrap(x)
+ *    # => 4425504880
+ *
+ * In the case +val+ is not a heap allocated object, this method will return
+ * the tagged pointer value.
+ *
+ * Example:
  *
- *   Fiddle.dlwrap(lib['strcpy'].to_s(16))
- *   => 25522520
+ *    Fiddle.dlwrap(123)
+ *    # => 247
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_fiddle_value2ptr(VALUE self, VALUE val)
@@ -164,137 +171,199 @@ Init_fiddle(void)
      */
     rb_eFiddleDLError = rb_define_class_under(mFiddle, "DLError", rb_eFiddleError);
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_VOID
+    VALUE mFiddleTypes = rb_define_module_under(mFiddle, "Types");
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::VOID
      *
      * C type - void
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_VOID",      INT2NUM(TYPE_VOID));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "VOID",      INT2NUM(TYPE_VOID));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_VOIDP
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::VOIDP
      *
      * C type - void*
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_VOIDP",     INT2NUM(TYPE_VOIDP));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "VOIDP",     INT2NUM(TYPE_VOIDP));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_CHAR
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::CHAR
      *
      * C type - char
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_CHAR",      INT2NUM(TYPE_CHAR));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "CHAR",      INT2NUM(TYPE_CHAR));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_SHORT
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UCHAR
+     *
+     * C type - unsigned char
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UCHAR",      INT2NUM(TYPE_UCHAR));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::SHORT
      *
      * C type - short
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_SHORT",     INT2NUM(TYPE_SHORT));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "SHORT",     INT2NUM(TYPE_SHORT));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_INT
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::USHORT
+     *
+     * C type - unsigned short
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "USHORT",     INT2NUM(TYPE_USHORT));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::INT
      *
      * C type - int
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_INT",       INT2NUM(TYPE_INT));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "INT",       INT2NUM(TYPE_INT));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UINT
+     *
+     * C type - unsigned int
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UINT",       INT2NUM(TYPE_UINT));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_LONG
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::LONG
      *
      * C type - long
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_LONG",      INT2NUM(TYPE_LONG));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "LONG",      INT2NUM(TYPE_LONG));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::ULONG
+     *
+     * C type - long
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "ULONG",      INT2NUM(TYPE_ULONG));
 
 #if HAVE_LONG_LONG
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_LONG_LONG
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::LONG_LONG
+     *
+     * C type - long long
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "LONG_LONG", INT2NUM(TYPE_LONG_LONG));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::ULONG_LONG
      *
      * C type - long long
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_LONG_LONG", INT2NUM(TYPE_LONG_LONG));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "ULONG_LONG", INT2NUM(TYPE_ULONG_LONG));
 #endif
 
 #ifdef TYPE_INT8_T
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_INT8_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::INT8_T
      *
      * C type - int8_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_INT8_T",    INT2NUM(TYPE_INT8_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "INT8_T",    INT2NUM(TYPE_INT8_T));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UINT8_T
+     *
+     * C type - uint8_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UINT8_T",    INT2NUM(TYPE_UINT8_T));
 #endif
 
 #ifdef TYPE_INT16_T
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_INT16_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::INT16_T
      *
      * C type - int16_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_INT16_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_INT16_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "INT16_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_INT16_T));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UINT16_T
+     *
+     * C type - uint16_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UINT16_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_UINT16_T));
 #endif
 
 #ifdef TYPE_INT32_T
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_INT32_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::INT32_T
      *
      * C type - int32_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_INT32_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_INT32_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "INT32_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_INT32_T));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UINT32_T
+     *
+     * C type - uint32_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UINT32_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_UINT32_T));
 #endif
 
 #ifdef TYPE_INT64_T
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_INT64_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::INT64_T
      *
      * C type - int64_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_INT64_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_INT64_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "INT64_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_INT64_T));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UINT64_T
+     *
+     * C type - uint64_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UINT64_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_UINT64_T));
 #endif
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_FLOAT
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::FLOAT
      *
      * C type - float
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_FLOAT",     INT2NUM(TYPE_FLOAT));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "FLOAT",     INT2NUM(TYPE_FLOAT));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_DOUBLE
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::DOUBLE
      *
      * C type - double
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_DOUBLE",    INT2NUM(TYPE_DOUBLE));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "DOUBLE",    INT2NUM(TYPE_DOUBLE));
 
 #ifdef HAVE_FFI_PREP_CIF_VAR
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_VARIADIC
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::VARIADIC
      *
      * C type - ...
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_VARIADIC",  INT2NUM(TYPE_VARIADIC));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "VARIADIC",  INT2NUM(TYPE_VARIADIC));
 #endif
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_CONST_STRING
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::CONST_STRING
      *
      * C type - const char* ('\0' terminated const char*)
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_CONST_STRING",  INT2NUM(TYPE_CONST_STRING));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "CONST_STRING",  INT2NUM(TYPE_CONST_STRING));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_SIZE_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::SIZE_T
      *
      * C type - size_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_SIZE_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_SIZE_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "SIZE_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_SIZE_T));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_SSIZE_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::SSIZE_T
      *
      * C type - ssize_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_SSIZE_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_SSIZE_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "SSIZE_T",   INT2NUM(TYPE_SSIZE_T));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_PTRDIFF_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::PTRDIFF_T
      *
      * C type - ptrdiff_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_PTRDIFF_T", INT2NUM(TYPE_PTRDIFF_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "PTRDIFF_T", INT2NUM(TYPE_PTRDIFF_T));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_INTPTR_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::INTPTR_T
      *
      * C type - intptr_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_INTPTR_T",  INT2NUM(TYPE_INTPTR_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "INTPTR_T",  INT2NUM(TYPE_INTPTR_T));
 
-    /* Document-const: TYPE_UINTPTR_T
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::UINTPTR_T
      *
      * C type - uintptr_t
      */
-    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "TYPE_UINTPTR_T",  INT2NUM(TYPE_UINTPTR_T));
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "UINTPTR_T",  INT2NUM(TYPE_UINTPTR_T));
+
+    /* Document-const: Fiddle::Types::BOOL
+     *
+     * C type - bool
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddleTypes, "BOOL" , INT2NUM(TYPE_BOOL));
 
     /* Document-const: ALIGN_VOIDP
      *
@@ -400,6 +469,12 @@ Init_fiddle(void)
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "ALIGN_UINTPTR_T", INT2NUM(ALIGN_OF(uintptr_t)));
 
+    /* Document-const: ALIGN_BOOL
+     *
+     * The alignment size of a bool
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "ALIGN_BOOL", INT2NUM(ALIGN_OF(bool)));
+
     /* Document-const: WINDOWS
      *
      * Returns a boolean regarding whether the host is WIN32
@@ -422,30 +497,60 @@ Init_fiddle(void)
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_CHAR",  INT2NUM(sizeof(char)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_UCHAR
+     *
+     * size of a unsigned char
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_UCHAR",  INT2NUM(sizeof(unsigned char)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_SHORT
      *
      * size of a short
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_SHORT", INT2NUM(sizeof(short)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_USHORT
+     *
+     * size of a unsigned short
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_USHORT", INT2NUM(sizeof(unsigned short)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_INT
      *
      * size of an int
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_INT",   INT2NUM(sizeof(int)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_UINT
+     *
+     * size of an unsigned int
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_UINT",   INT2NUM(sizeof(unsigned int)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_LONG
      *
      * size of a long
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_LONG",  INT2NUM(sizeof(long)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_ULONG
+     *
+     * size of a unsigned long
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_ULONG",  INT2NUM(sizeof(unsigned long)));
+
 #if HAVE_LONG_LONG
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
      *
      * size of a long long
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_LONG_LONG",  INT2NUM(sizeof(LONG_LONG)));
+
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_ULONG_LONG
+     *
+     * size of a unsigned long long
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_ULONG_LONG",  INT2NUM(sizeof(unsigned LONG_LONG)));
 #endif
 
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_INT8_T
@@ -454,24 +559,48 @@ Init_fiddle(void)
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_INT8_T",  INT2NUM(sizeof(int8_t)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_UINT8_T
+     *
+     * size of a uint8_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_UINT8_T",  INT2NUM(sizeof(uint8_t)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_INT16_T
      *
      * size of a int16_t
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_INT16_T", INT2NUM(sizeof(int16_t)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_UINT16_T
+     *
+     * size of a uint16_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_UINT16_T", INT2NUM(sizeof(uint16_t)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_INT32_T
      *
      * size of a int32_t
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_INT32_T", INT2NUM(sizeof(int32_t)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_UINT32_T
+     *
+     * size of a uint32_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_UINT32_T", INT2NUM(sizeof(uint32_t)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_INT64_T
      *
      * size of a int64_t
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_INT64_T", INT2NUM(sizeof(int64_t)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_UINT64_T
+     *
+     * size of a uint64_t
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_UINT64_T", INT2NUM(sizeof(uint64_t)));
+
     /* Document-const: SIZEOF_FLOAT
      *
      * size of a float
@@ -520,6 +649,12 @@ Init_fiddle(void)
      */
     rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_CONST_STRING", INT2NUM(sizeof(const char*)));
 
+    /* Document-const: SIZEOF_BOOL
+     *
+     * size of a bool
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "SIZEOF_BOOL", INT2NUM(sizeof(bool)));
+
     /* Document-const: RUBY_FREE
      *
      * Address of the ruby_xfree() function
@@ -540,6 +675,30 @@ Init_fiddle(void)
     rb_define_module_function(mFiddle, "realloc", rb_fiddle_realloc, 2);
     rb_define_module_function(mFiddle, "free", rb_fiddle_free, 1);
 
+    /* Document-const: Qtrue
+     *
+     * The value of Qtrue
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "Qtrue", INT2NUM(Qtrue));
+
+    /* Document-const: Qfalse
+     *
+     * The value of Qfalse
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "Qfalse", INT2NUM(Qfalse));
+
+    /* Document-const: Qnil
+     *
+     * The value of Qnil
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "Qnil", INT2NUM(Qnil));
+
+    /* Document-const: Qundef
+     *
+     * The value of Qundef
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mFiddle, "Qundef", INT2NUM(Qundef));
+
     Init_fiddle_function();
     Init_fiddle_closure();
     Init_fiddle_handle();
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/fiddle.gemspec b/ext/fiddle/fiddle.gemspec
index a9c0ec4026..878109395b 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/fiddle.gemspec
+++ b/ext/fiddle/fiddle.gemspec
@@ -20,15 +20,12 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
     "LICENSE.txt",
     "README.md",
     "Rakefile",
-    "bin/downloader.rb",
-    "bin/extlibs.rb",
     "ext/fiddle/closure.c",
     "ext/fiddle/closure.h",
     "ext/fiddle/conversions.c",
     "ext/fiddle/conversions.h",
     "ext/fiddle/depend",
     "ext/fiddle/extconf.rb",
-    "ext/fiddle/extlibs",
     "ext/fiddle/fiddle.c",
     "ext/fiddle/fiddle.h",
     "ext/fiddle/function.c",
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/fiddle.h b/ext/fiddle/fiddle.h
index 9de62a58cc..348baa9ab9 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/fiddle.h
+++ b/ext/fiddle/fiddle.h
@@ -111,23 +111,36 @@
 #define TYPE_VOID  0
 #define TYPE_VOIDP 1
 #define TYPE_CHAR  2
+#define TYPE_UCHAR  -TYPE_CHAR
 #define TYPE_SHORT 3
+#define TYPE_USHORT -TYPE_SHORT
 #define TYPE_INT   4
+#define TYPE_UINT   -TYPE_INT
 #define TYPE_LONG  5
-#if HAVE_LONG_LONG
+#define TYPE_ULONG  -TYPE_LONG
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
 #define TYPE_LONG_LONG 6
+#define TYPE_ULONG_LONG -TYPE_LONG_LONG
 #endif
 #define TYPE_FLOAT 7
 #define TYPE_DOUBLE 8
 #define TYPE_VARIADIC 9
 #define TYPE_CONST_STRING 10
+#define TYPE_BOOL 11
 
 #define TYPE_INT8_T TYPE_CHAR
+#define TYPE_UINT8_T -TYPE_INT8_T
+
 #if SIZEOF_SHORT == 2
 # define TYPE_INT16_T TYPE_SHORT
 #elif SIZEOF_INT == 2
 # define TYPE_INT16_T TYPE_INT
 #endif
+
+#ifdef TYPE_INT16_T
+# define TYPE_UINT16_T -TYPE_INT16_T
+#endif
+
 #if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4
 # define TYPE_INT32_T TYPE_SHORT
 #elif SIZEOF_INT == 4
@@ -135,6 +148,11 @@
 #elif SIZEOF_LONG == 4
 # define TYPE_INT32_T TYPE_LONG
 #endif
+
+#ifdef TYPE_INT32_T
+#define TYPE_UINT32_T -TYPE_INT32_T
+#endif
+
 #if SIZEOF_INT == 8
 # define TYPE_INT64_T TYPE_INT
 #elif SIZEOF_LONG == 8
@@ -143,6 +161,10 @@
 # define TYPE_INT64_T TYPE_LONG_LONG
 #endif
 
+#ifdef TYPE_INT64_T
+#define TYPE_UINT64_T -TYPE_INT64_T
+#endif
+
 #ifndef TYPE_SSIZE_T
 # if SIZEOF_SIZE_T == SIZEOF_INT
 #   define TYPE_SSIZE_T TYPE_INT
@@ -175,7 +197,20 @@
 #endif
 #define TYPE_UINTPTR_T (-TYPE_INTPTR_T)
 
-#define ALIGN_OF(type) offsetof(struct {char align_c; type align_x;}, align_x)
+/* GCC releases before GCC 4.9 had a bug in _Alignof.  See GCC bug 52023
+   <https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52023>.
+   clang versions < 8.0.0 have the same bug.  */
+#if defined(HAVE__ALIGNOF)
+# /* Autoconf detected availability of a sane `_Alignof()`. */
+# define ALIGN_OF(type) RB_GNUC_EXTENSION(_Alignof(type))
+#elif (!defined(__STDC_VERSION__) || __STDC_VERSION__ < 201112 \
+     || (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ < 4 + (__GNUC_MINOR__ < 9) \
+         && !defined(__clang__)) \
+     || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ < 8))
+# define ALIGN_OF(type) offsetof(struct {char align_c; type align_x;}, align_x)
+#else
+# define ALIGN_OF(type) _Alignof(type)
+#endif
 
 #define ALIGN_VOIDP  ALIGN_OF(void*)
 #define ALIGN_CHAR   ALIGN_OF(char)
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/function.c b/ext/fiddle/function.c
index 274d181d17..5469e09e37 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/function.c
+++ b/ext/fiddle/function.c
@@ -53,8 +53,13 @@ function_memsize(const void *p)
 }
 
 const rb_data_type_t function_data_type = {
-    "fiddle/function",
-    {0, deallocate, function_memsize,},
+    .wrap_struct_name = "fiddle/function",
+    .function = {
+        .dmark = 0,
+        .dfree = deallocate,
+        .dsize = function_memsize
+    },
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/handle.c b/ext/fiddle/handle.c
index 76b90909d3..8ba416952a 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/handle.c
+++ b/ext/fiddle/handle.c
@@ -50,8 +50,13 @@ fiddle_handle_memsize(const void *ptr)
 }
 
 static const rb_data_type_t fiddle_handle_data_type = {
-    "fiddle/handle",
-    {0, fiddle_handle_free, fiddle_handle_memsize,},
+    .wrap_struct_name = "fiddle/handle",
+    .function = {
+        .dmark = 0,
+        .dfree = fiddle_handle_free,
+        .dsize = fiddle_handle_memsize
+    },
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -321,8 +326,10 @@ rb_fiddle_handle_s_sym(VALUE self, VALUE sym)
     return fiddle_handle_sym(RTLD_NEXT, sym);
 }
 
-static VALUE
-fiddle_handle_sym(void *handle, VALUE symbol)
+typedef void (*fiddle_void_func)(void);
+
+static fiddle_void_func
+fiddle_handle_find_func(void *handle, VALUE symbol)
 {
 #if defined(HAVE_DLERROR)
     const char *err;
@@ -330,13 +337,13 @@ fiddle_handle_sym(void *handle, VALUE symbol)
 #else
 # define CHECK_DLERROR
 #endif
-    void (*func)();
+    fiddle_void_func func;
     const char *name = StringValueCStr(symbol);
 
 #ifdef HAVE_DLERROR
     dlerror();
 #endif
-    func = (void (*)())(VALUE)dlsym(handle, name);
+    func = (fiddle_void_func)(VALUE)dlsym(handle, name);
     CHECK_DLERROR;
 #if defined(FUNC_STDCALL)
     if( !func ){
@@ -379,6 +386,53 @@ fiddle_handle_sym(void *handle, VALUE symbol)
 	xfree(name_n);
     }
 #endif
+
+    return func;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_fiddle_handle_s_sym_defined(VALUE self, VALUE sym)
+{
+    fiddle_void_func func;
+
+    func = fiddle_handle_find_func(RTLD_NEXT, sym);
+
+    if( func ) {
+	return PTR2NUM(func);
+    }
+    else {
+	return Qnil;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_fiddle_handle_sym_defined(VALUE self, VALUE sym)
+{
+    struct dl_handle *fiddle_handle;
+    fiddle_void_func func;
+
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct dl_handle, &fiddle_handle_data_type, fiddle_handle);
+    if( ! fiddle_handle->open ){
+	rb_raise(rb_eFiddleDLError, "closed handle");
+    }
+
+    func = fiddle_handle_find_func(fiddle_handle->ptr, sym);
+
+    if( func ) {
+	return PTR2NUM(func);
+    }
+    else {
+	return Qnil;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+fiddle_handle_sym(void *handle, VALUE symbol)
+{
+    fiddle_void_func func;
+
+    func = fiddle_handle_find_func(handle, symbol);
+
     if( !func ){
 	rb_raise(rb_eFiddleDLError, "unknown symbol \"%"PRIsVALUE"\"", symbol);
     }
@@ -468,6 +522,7 @@ Init_fiddle_handle(void)
     rb_cHandle = rb_define_class_under(mFiddle, "Handle", rb_cObject);
     rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cHandle, rb_fiddle_handle_s_allocate);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cHandle, "sym", rb_fiddle_handle_s_sym, 1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cHandle, "sym_defined?", rb_fiddle_handle_s_sym_defined, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cHandle, "[]", rb_fiddle_handle_s_sym,  1);
 
     /* Document-const: NEXT
@@ -526,6 +581,7 @@ Init_fiddle_handle(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "close", rb_fiddle_handle_close, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "sym",  rb_fiddle_handle_sym, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "[]",  rb_fiddle_handle_sym,  1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "sym_defined?", rb_fiddle_handle_sym_defined, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "file_name", rb_fiddle_handle_file_name, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "disable_close", rb_fiddle_handle_disable_close, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cHandle, "enable_close", rb_fiddle_handle_enable_close, 0);
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle.rb
index 4512989310..6137c487c6 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle.rb
@@ -58,7 +58,36 @@ module Fiddle
   #
   # See Fiddle::Handle.new for more.
   def dlopen library
-    Fiddle::Handle.new library
+    begin
+      Fiddle::Handle.new(library)
+    rescue DLError => error
+      case RUBY_PLATFORM
+      when /linux/
+        case error.message
+        when /\A(\/.+?): (?:invalid ELF header|file too short)/
+          # This may be a linker script:
+          # https://sourceware.org/binutils/docs/ld.html#Scripts
+          path = $1
+        else
+          raise
+        end
+      else
+        raise
+      end
+
+      File.open(path) do |input|
+        input.each_line do |line|
+          case line
+          when /\A\s*(?:INPUT|GROUP)\s*\(\s*([^\s,\)]+)/
+            # TODO: Should we support multiple files?
+            return dlopen($1)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Not found
+      raise
+    end
   end
   module_function :dlopen
 
@@ -67,4 +96,8 @@ module Fiddle
   RTLD_GLOBAL = Handle::RTLD_GLOBAL # :nodoc:
   RTLD_LAZY   = Handle::RTLD_LAZY   # :nodoc:
   RTLD_NOW    = Handle::RTLD_NOW    # :nodoc:
+
+  Fiddle::Types.constants.each do |type|
+    const_set "TYPE_#{type}", Fiddle::Types.const_get(type)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/closure.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/closure.rb
index c865a63c20..7e0077ea52 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/closure.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/closure.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,31 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 module Fiddle
   class Closure
+    class << self
+      # Create a new closure. If a block is given, the created closure
+      # is automatically freed after the given block is executed.
+      #
+      # The all given arguments are passed to Fiddle::Closure.new. So
+      # using this method without block equals to Fiddle::Closure.new.
+      #
+      # == Example
+      #
+      #   Fiddle::Closure.create(TYPE_INT, [TYPE_INT]) do |closure|
+      #     # closure is freed automatically when this block is finished.
+      #   end
+      def create(*args)
+        if block_given?
+          closure = new(*args)
+          begin
+            yield(closure)
+          ensure
+            closure.free
+          end
+        else
+          new(*args)
+        end
+      end
+    end
 
     # the C type of the return of the FFI closure
     attr_reader :ctype
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb
index 93a05513c9..264ca166dd 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/cparser.rb
@@ -164,23 +164,35 @@ module Fiddle
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_LONG_LONG)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
         end
-        return -TYPE_LONG_LONG
-      when /\A(?:signed\s+)?long(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
+        return TYPE_ULONG_LONG
+      when /\Aunsigned\s+long(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Aunsigned\s+int\s+long(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Along(?:\s+int)?\s+unsigned(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Aint\s+unsigned\s+long(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\A(?:int\s+)?long\s+unsigned(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
+        return TYPE_ULONG
+      when /\A(?:signed\s+)?long(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\A(?:signed\s+)?int\s+long(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Along(?:\s+int)?\s+signed(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         return TYPE_LONG
-      when /\Aunsigned\s+long(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
-        return -TYPE_LONG
+      when /\Aunsigned\s+short(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Aunsigned\s+int\s+short(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Ashort(?:\s+int)?\s+unsigned(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Aint\s+unsigned\s+short(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\A(?:int\s+)?short\s+unsigned(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
+        return TYPE_USHORT
+      when /\A(?:signed\s+)?short(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\A(?:signed\s+)?int\s+short(?:\s+\w+)?\z/,
+           /\Aint\s+(?:signed\s+)?short(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
+        return TYPE_SHORT
       when /\A(?:signed\s+)?int(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         return TYPE_INT
       when /\A(?:unsigned\s+int|uint)(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
-        return -TYPE_INT
-      when /\A(?:signed\s+)?short(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
-        return TYPE_SHORT
-      when /\Aunsigned\s+short(?:\s+int\s+)?(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
-        return -TYPE_SHORT
+        return TYPE_UINT
       when /\A(?:signed\s+)?char(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         return TYPE_CHAR
       when /\Aunsigned\s+char(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
-        return  -TYPE_CHAR
+        return  TYPE_UCHAR
       when /\Aint8_t(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT8_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
@@ -190,7 +202,7 @@ module Fiddle
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT8_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
         end
-        return -TYPE_INT8_T
+        return TYPE_UINT8_T
       when /\Aint16_t(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT16_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
@@ -200,7 +212,7 @@ module Fiddle
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT16_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
         end
-        return -TYPE_INT16_T
+        return TYPE_UINT16_T
       when /\Aint32_t(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT32_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
@@ -210,7 +222,7 @@ module Fiddle
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT32_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
         end
-        return -TYPE_INT32_T
+        return TYPE_UINT32_T
       when /\Aint64_t(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT64_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
@@ -220,7 +232,7 @@ module Fiddle
         unless Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_INT64_T)
           raise(RuntimeError, "unsupported type: #{ty}")
         end
-        return -TYPE_INT64_T
+        return TYPE_UINT64_T
       when /\Afloat(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         return TYPE_FLOAT
       when /\Adouble(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
@@ -235,6 +247,8 @@ module Fiddle
         return TYPE_INTPTR_T
       when /\Auintptr_t(?:\s+\w+)?\z/
         return TYPE_UINTPTR_T
+      when "bool"
+        return TYPE_BOOL
       when /\*/, /\[[\s\d]*\]/
         return TYPE_VOIDP
       when "..."
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/import.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/import.rb
index 09ffcef544..050708fb96 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/import.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/import.rb
@@ -119,6 +119,8 @@ module Fiddle
           return SIZEOF_VOIDP
         when TYPE_CONST_STRING
           return SIZEOF_CONST_STRING
+        when TYPE_BOOL
+          return SIZEOF_BOOL
         else
           if defined?(TYPE_LONG_LONG) and
             ty == TYPE_LONG_LONG
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/pack.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/pack.rb
index 22eccedb76..81088f402b 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/pack.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/pack.rb
@@ -11,25 +11,36 @@ module Fiddle
       TYPE_LONG  => ALIGN_LONG,
       TYPE_FLOAT => ALIGN_FLOAT,
       TYPE_DOUBLE => ALIGN_DOUBLE,
-      -TYPE_CHAR  => ALIGN_CHAR,
-      -TYPE_SHORT => ALIGN_SHORT,
-      -TYPE_INT   => ALIGN_INT,
-      -TYPE_LONG  => ALIGN_LONG,
+      TYPE_UCHAR  => ALIGN_CHAR,
+      TYPE_USHORT => ALIGN_SHORT,
+      TYPE_UINT   => ALIGN_INT,
+      TYPE_ULONG  => ALIGN_LONG,
+      TYPE_BOOL   => ALIGN_BOOL,
     }
 
     PACK_MAP = {
-      TYPE_VOIDP => "l!",
+      TYPE_VOIDP => "L!",
       TYPE_CHAR  => "c",
       TYPE_SHORT => "s!",
       TYPE_INT   => "i!",
       TYPE_LONG  => "l!",
       TYPE_FLOAT => "f",
       TYPE_DOUBLE => "d",
-      -TYPE_CHAR  => "c",
-      -TYPE_SHORT => "s!",
-      -TYPE_INT   => "i!",
-      -TYPE_LONG  => "l!",
+      TYPE_UCHAR  => "C",
+      TYPE_USHORT => "S!",
+      TYPE_UINT   => "I!",
+      TYPE_ULONG  => "L!",
     }
+    case SIZEOF_BOOL
+    when SIZEOF_CHAR
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_BOOL] = PACK_MAP[TYPE_UCHAR]
+    when SIZEOF_SHORT
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_BOOL] = PACK_MAP[TYPE_USHORT]
+    when SIZEOF_INT
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_BOOL] = PACK_MAP[TYPE_UINT]
+    when SIZEOF_LONG
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_BOOL] = PACK_MAP[TYPE_ULONG]
+    end
 
     SIZE_MAP = {
       TYPE_VOIDP => SIZEOF_VOIDP,
@@ -39,16 +50,18 @@ module Fiddle
       TYPE_LONG  => SIZEOF_LONG,
       TYPE_FLOAT => SIZEOF_FLOAT,
       TYPE_DOUBLE => SIZEOF_DOUBLE,
-      -TYPE_CHAR  => SIZEOF_CHAR,
-      -TYPE_SHORT => SIZEOF_SHORT,
-      -TYPE_INT   => SIZEOF_INT,
-      -TYPE_LONG  => SIZEOF_LONG,
+      TYPE_UCHAR  => SIZEOF_CHAR,
+      TYPE_USHORT => SIZEOF_SHORT,
+      TYPE_UINT   => SIZEOF_INT,
+      TYPE_ULONG  => SIZEOF_LONG,
+      TYPE_BOOL   => SIZEOF_BOOL,
     }
     if defined?(TYPE_LONG_LONG)
-      ALIGN_MAP[TYPE_LONG_LONG] = ALIGN_MAP[-TYPE_LONG_LONG] = ALIGN_LONG_LONG
-      PACK_MAP[TYPE_LONG_LONG] = PACK_MAP[-TYPE_LONG_LONG] = "q"
-      SIZE_MAP[TYPE_LONG_LONG] = SIZE_MAP[-TYPE_LONG_LONG] = SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
-      PACK_MAP[TYPE_VOIDP] = "q" if SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+      ALIGN_MAP[TYPE_LONG_LONG] = ALIGN_MAP[TYPE_ULONG_LONG] = ALIGN_LONG_LONG
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_LONG_LONG] = "q"
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_ULONG_LONG] = "Q"
+      SIZE_MAP[TYPE_LONG_LONG] = SIZE_MAP[TYPE_ULONG_LONG] = SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
+      PACK_MAP[TYPE_VOIDP] = "Q" if SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
     end
 
     def align(addr, align)
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/value.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/value.rb
index 01fec1c206..5f0b2e951e 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/value.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/value.rb
@@ -6,17 +6,17 @@ module Fiddle
     def unsigned_value(val, ty)
       case ty.abs
       when TYPE_CHAR
-        [val].pack("c").unpack("C")[0]
+        [val].pack("c").unpack1("C")
       when TYPE_SHORT
-        [val].pack("s!").unpack("S!")[0]
+        [val].pack("s!").unpack1("S!")
       when TYPE_INT
-        [val].pack("i!").unpack("I!")[0]
+        [val].pack("i!").unpack1("I!")
       when TYPE_LONG
-        [val].pack("l!").unpack("L!")[0]
+        [val].pack("l!").unpack1("L!")
       else
         if defined?(TYPE_LONG_LONG) and
           ty.abs == TYPE_LONG_LONG
-          [val].pack("q").unpack("Q")[0]
+          [val].pack("q").unpack1("Q")
         else
           val
         end
@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ module Fiddle
     def signed_value(val, ty)
       case ty.abs
       when TYPE_CHAR
-        [val].pack("C").unpack("c")[0]
+        [val].pack("C").unpack1("c")
       when TYPE_SHORT
-        [val].pack("S!").unpack("s!")[0]
+        [val].pack("S!").unpack1("s!")
       when TYPE_INT
-        [val].pack("I!").unpack("i!")[0]
+        [val].pack("I!").unpack1("i!")
       when TYPE_LONG
-        [val].pack("L!").unpack("l!")[0]
+        [val].pack("L!").unpack1("l!")
       else
         if defined?(TYPE_LONG_LONG) and
           ty.abs == TYPE_LONG_LONG
-          [val].pack("Q").unpack("q")[0]
+          [val].pack("Q").unpack1("q")
         else
           val
         end
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ module Fiddle
         else
           case SIZEOF_VOIDP
           when SIZEOF_LONG
-            return [arg].pack("p").unpack("l!")[0]
+            return [arg].pack("p").unpack1("l!")
           else
             if defined?(SIZEOF_LONG_LONG) and
               SIZEOF_VOIDP == SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
-              return [arg].pack("p").unpack("q")[0]
+              return [arg].pack("p").unpack1("q")
             else
               raise(RuntimeError, "sizeof(void*)?")
             end
@@ -102,10 +102,8 @@ module Fiddle
               return val.unpack('C*')
             end
           end
-          return arg
-        else
-          return arg
         end
+        return arg
       else
         if( arg.respond_to?(:to_ptr) )
           return arg.to_ptr.to_i
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/version.rb b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/version.rb
index db6504b650..706d98a7b5 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/version.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/lib/fiddle/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module Fiddle
-  VERSION = "1.1.0"
+  VERSION = "1.1.2"
 end
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/pointer.c b/ext/fiddle/pointer.c
index 15107e3862..1b7d7a69f6 100644
--- a/ext/fiddle/pointer.c
+++ b/ext/fiddle/pointer.c
@@ -88,8 +88,13 @@ fiddle_ptr_memsize(const void *ptr)
 }
 
 static const rb_data_type_t fiddle_ptr_data_type = {
-    "fiddle/pointer",
-    {fiddle_ptr_mark, fiddle_ptr_free, fiddle_ptr_memsize,},
+    .wrap_struct_name = "fiddle/pointer",
+    .function = {
+        .dmark = fiddle_ptr_mark,
+        .dfree = fiddle_ptr_free,
+        .dsize = fiddle_ptr_memsize,
+    },
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED
 };
 
 #ifdef HAVE_RUBY_MEMORY_VIEW_H
@@ -135,8 +140,8 @@ rb_fiddle_ptr_new2(VALUE klass, void *ptr, long size, freefunc_t func, VALUE wra
     data->free = func;
     data->freed = false;
     data->size = size;
-    data->wrap[0] = wrap0;
-    data->wrap[1] = wrap1;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(val, &data->wrap[0], wrap0);
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(val, &data->wrap[1], wrap1);
 
     return val;
 }
@@ -235,8 +240,8 @@ rb_fiddle_ptr_initialize(int argc, VALUE argv[], VALUE self)
 	    /* Free previous memory. Use of inappropriate initialize may cause SEGV. */
 	    (*(data->free))(data->ptr);
 	}
-	data->wrap[0] = wrap;
-	data->wrap[1] = funcwrap;
+	RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &data->wrap[0], wrap);
+	RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &data->wrap[1], funcwrap);
 	data->ptr  = p;
 	data->size = s;
 	data->free = f;
@@ -314,7 +319,7 @@ rb_fiddle_ptr_s_malloc(int argc, VALUE argv[], VALUE klass)
     }
 
     obj = rb_fiddle_ptr_malloc(klass, s,f);
-    if (wrap) RPTR_DATA(obj)->wrap[1] = wrap;
+    if (wrap) RB_OBJ_WRITE(obj, &RPTR_DATA(obj)->wrap[1], wrap);
 
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         if (!f) {
@@ -795,10 +800,37 @@ rb_fiddle_ptr_s_to_ptr(VALUE self, VALUE val)
 	if (num == val) wrap = 0;
 	ptr = rb_fiddle_ptr_new(NUM2PTR(num), 0, NULL);
     }
-    if (wrap) RPTR_DATA(ptr)->wrap[0] = wrap;
+    if (wrap) RB_OBJ_WRITE(ptr, &RPTR_DATA(ptr)->wrap[0], wrap);
     return ptr;
 }
 
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    Fiddle::Pointer.read(address, len)     => string
+ *
+ * Or read the memory at address +address+ with length +len+ and return a
+ * string with that memory
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+rb_fiddle_ptr_read_mem(VALUE klass, VALUE address, VALUE len)
+{
+    return rb_str_new((char *)NUM2PTR(address), NUM2ULONG(len));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    Fiddle::Pointer.write(address, str)
+ *
+ * Write bytes in +str+ to the location pointed to by +address+.
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_fiddle_ptr_write_mem(VALUE klass, VALUE addr, VALUE str)
+{
+    memcpy(NUM2PTR(addr), StringValuePtr(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
+    return str;
+}
+
 void
 Init_fiddle_pointer(void)
 {
@@ -815,6 +847,8 @@ Init_fiddle_pointer(void)
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cPointer, "malloc", rb_fiddle_ptr_s_malloc, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cPointer, "to_ptr", rb_fiddle_ptr_s_to_ptr, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cPointer, "[]", rb_fiddle_ptr_s_to_ptr, 1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cPointer, "read", rb_fiddle_ptr_read_mem, 2);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cPointer, "write", rb_fiddle_ptr_write_mem, 2);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPointer, "initialize", rb_fiddle_ptr_initialize, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPointer, "free=", rb_fiddle_ptr_free_set, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPointer, "free",  rb_fiddle_ptr_free_get, 0);
diff --git a/ext/fiddle/win32/libffi-config.rb b/ext/fiddle/win32/libffi-config.rb
index 985fc29d36..8e8069a943 100755
--- a/ext/fiddle/win32/libffi-config.rb
+++ b/ext/fiddle/win32/libffi-config.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ until ARGV.empty?
   end
 end
 
-IO.foreach("#{srcdir}/configure.ac") do |line|
+File.foreach("#{srcdir}/configure.ac") do |line|
   if /^AC_INIT\((.*)\)/ =~ line
     version = $1.split(/,\s*/)[1]
     version.gsub!(/\A\[|\]\z/, '')
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ conf['TARGET'] = /^x64/ =~ host ? "X86_WIN64" : "X86_WIN32"
 FileUtils.mkdir_p([builddir, "#{builddir}/include", "#{builddir}/src/x86"])
 FileUtils.cp("#{basedir}/fficonfig.h", ".", preserve: true)
 
-hdr = IO.binread("#{srcdir}/include/ffi.h.in")
+hdr = File.binread("#{srcdir}/include/ffi.h.in")
 hdr.gsub!(/@(\w+)@/) {conf[$1] || $&}
 hdr.gsub!(/^(#if\s+)@\w+@/, '\10')
-IO.binwrite("#{builddir}/include/ffi.h", hdr)
+File.binwrite("#{builddir}/include/ffi.h", hdr)
 
-mk = IO.binread("#{basedir}/libffi.mk.tmpl")
+mk = File.binread("#{basedir}/libffi.mk.tmpl")
 mk.gsub!(/@(\w+)@/) {conf[$1] || $&}
-IO.binwrite("Makefile", mk)
+File.binwrite("Makefile", mk)
diff --git a/ext/io/console/.document b/ext/io/console/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..945a377256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/io/console/.document
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+console.c
+lib/size.rb
diff --git a/ext/io/console/console.c b/ext/io/console/console.c
index 4ec24178c4..78eb11a209 100644
--- a/ext/io/console/console.c
+++ b/ext/io/console/console.c
@@ -75,10 +75,8 @@ getattr(int fd, conmode *t)
 #define SET_LAST_ERROR (0)
 #endif
 
-static ID id_getc, id_console, id_close, id_min, id_time, id_intr;
-#if ENABLE_IO_GETPASS
-static ID id_gets, id_chomp_bang;
-#endif
+static ID id_getc, id_console, id_close;
+static ID id_gets, id_flush, id_chomp_bang;
 
 #if defined HAVE_RUBY_FIBER_SCHEDULER_H
 # include "ruby/fiber/scheduler.h"
@@ -87,7 +85,41 @@ extern VALUE rb_scheduler_timeout(struct timeval *timeout);
 # define rb_fiber_scheduler_make_timeout rb_scheduler_timeout
 #endif
 
-#define sys_fail_fptr(fptr) rb_sys_fail_str((fptr)->pathv)
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_DESCRIPTOR
+static int
+io_descriptor_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->fd;
+}
+#define rb_io_descriptor io_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_PATH
+static VALUE
+io_path_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->pathv;
+}
+#define rb_io_path io_path_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_GET_WRITE_IO
+static VALUE
+io_get_write_io_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    VALUE wio = fptr->tied_io_for_writing;
+    return wio ? wio : io;
+}
+#define rb_io_get_write_io io_get_write_io_fallback
+#endif
+
+#define sys_fail(io) rb_sys_fail_str(rb_io_path(io))
 
 #ifndef HAVE_RB_F_SEND
 #ifndef RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS
@@ -112,18 +144,34 @@ rb_f_send(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
 }
 #endif
 
+enum rawmode_opt_ids {
+    kwd_min,
+    kwd_time,
+    kwd_intr,
+    rawmode_opt_id_count
+};
+static ID rawmode_opt_ids[rawmode_opt_id_count];
+
 typedef struct {
     int vmin;
     int vtime;
     int intr;
 } rawmode_arg_t;
 
+#ifndef UNDEF_P
+# define UNDEF_P(obj) ((obj) == Qundef)
+#endif
+#ifndef NIL_OR_UNDEF_P
+# define NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(obj) (NIL_P(obj) || UNDEF_P(obj))
+#endif
+
 static rawmode_arg_t *
 rawmode_opt(int *argcp, VALUE *argv, int min_argc, int max_argc, rawmode_arg_t *opts)
 {
     int argc = *argcp;
     rawmode_arg_t *optp = NULL;
     VALUE vopts = Qnil;
+    VALUE optvals[rawmode_opt_id_count];
 #ifdef RB_SCAN_ARGS_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS
     argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "*:", NULL, &vopts);
 #else
@@ -138,19 +186,20 @@ rawmode_opt(int *argcp, VALUE *argv, int min_argc, int max_argc, rawmode_arg_t *
     }
 #endif
     rb_check_arity(argc, min_argc, max_argc);
-    if (!NIL_P(vopts)) {
-	VALUE vmin = rb_hash_aref(vopts, ID2SYM(id_min));
-	VALUE vtime = rb_hash_aref(vopts, ID2SYM(id_time));
-	VALUE intr = rb_hash_aref(vopts, ID2SYM(id_intr));
+    if (rb_get_kwargs(vopts, rawmode_opt_ids,
+		      0, rawmode_opt_id_count, optvals)) {
+	VALUE vmin = optvals[kwd_min];
+	VALUE vtime = optvals[kwd_time];
+	VALUE intr = optvals[kwd_intr];
 	/* default values by `stty raw` */
 	opts->vmin = 1;
 	opts->vtime = 0;
 	opts->intr = 0;
-	if (!NIL_P(vmin)) {
+	if (!NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(vmin)) {
 	    opts->vmin = NUM2INT(vmin);
 	    optp = opts;
 	}
-	if (!NIL_P(vtime)) {
+	if (!NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(vtime)) {
 	    VALUE v10 = INT2FIX(10);
 	    vtime = rb_funcall3(vtime, '*', 1, &v10);
 	    opts->vtime = NUM2INT(vtime);
@@ -165,6 +214,7 @@ rawmode_opt(int *argcp, VALUE *argv, int min_argc, int max_argc, rawmode_arg_t *
 	    opts->intr = 0;
 	    optp = opts;
 	    break;
+	  case Qundef:
 	  case Qnil:
 	    break;
 	  default:
@@ -275,33 +325,21 @@ set_ttymode(int fd, conmode *t, void (*setter)(conmode *, void *), void *arg)
     return setattr(fd, &r);
 }
 
-#define GetReadFD(fptr) ((fptr)->fd)
-
-static inline int
-get_write_fd(const rb_io_t *fptr)
-{
-    VALUE wio = fptr->tied_io_for_writing;
-    rb_io_t *ofptr;
-    if (!wio) return fptr->fd;
-    GetOpenFile(wio, ofptr);
-    return ofptr->fd;
-}
-#define GetWriteFD(fptr) get_write_fd(fptr)
+#define GetReadFD(io) rb_io_descriptor(io)
+#define GetWriteFD(io) rb_io_descriptor(rb_io_get_write_io(io))
 
 #define FD_PER_IO 2
 
 static VALUE
 ttymode(VALUE io, VALUE (*func)(VALUE), VALUE farg, void (*setter)(conmode *, void *), void *arg)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
     int status = -1;
     int error = 0;
     int fd[FD_PER_IO];
     conmode t[FD_PER_IO];
     VALUE result = Qnil;
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd[0] = GetReadFD(fptr);
+    fd[0] = GetReadFD(io);
     if (fd[0] != -1) {
 	if (set_ttymode(fd[0], t+0, setter, arg)) {
 	    status = 0;
@@ -311,7 +349,7 @@ ttymode(VALUE io, VALUE (*func)(VALUE), VALUE farg, void (*setter)(conmode *, vo
 	    fd[0] = -1;
 	}
     }
-    fd[1] = GetWriteFD(fptr);
+    fd[1] = GetWriteFD(io);
     if (fd[1] != -1 && fd[1] != fd[0]) {
 	if (set_ttymode(fd[1], t+1, setter, arg)) {
 	    status = 0;
@@ -324,14 +362,13 @@ ttymode(VALUE io, VALUE (*func)(VALUE), VALUE farg, void (*setter)(conmode *, vo
     if (status == 0) {
 	result = rb_protect(func, farg, &status);
     }
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    if (fd[0] != -1 && fd[0] == GetReadFD(fptr)) {
+    if (fd[0] != -1 && fd[0] == GetReadFD(io)) {
 	if (!setattr(fd[0], t+0)) {
 	    error = errno;
 	    status = -1;
 	}
     }
-    if (fd[1] != -1 && fd[1] != fd[0] && fd[1] == GetWriteFD(fptr)) {
+    if (fd[1] != -1 && fd[1] != fd[0] && fd[1] == GetWriteFD(io)) {
 	if (!setattr(fd[1], t+1)) {
 	    error = errno;
 	    status = -1;
@@ -417,15 +454,11 @@ static VALUE
 console_set_raw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 {
     conmode t;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
     rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 0, &opts);
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
     set_rawmode(&t, optp);
-    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
     return io;
 }
 
@@ -461,14 +494,10 @@ static VALUE
 console_set_cooked(VALUE io)
 {
     conmode t;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
     set_cookedmode(&t, NULL);
-    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
     return io;
 }
 
@@ -620,17 +649,17 @@ static VALUE
 console_set_echo(VALUE io, VALUE f)
 {
     conmode t;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
     if (RTEST(f))
-	set_echo(&t, NULL);
+        set_echo(&t, NULL);
     else
-	set_noecho(&t, NULL);
-    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+        set_noecho(&t, NULL);
+
+    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+
     return io;
 }
 
@@ -646,12 +675,9 @@ static VALUE
 console_echo_p(VALUE io)
 {
     conmode t;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
     return echo_p(&t) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
 }
 
@@ -730,12 +756,9 @@ static VALUE
 console_conmode_get(VALUE io)
 {
     conmode t;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
 
     return conmode_new(cConmode, &t);
 }
@@ -752,14 +775,12 @@ static VALUE
 console_conmode_set(VALUE io, VALUE mode)
 {
     conmode *t, r;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(mode, conmode, &conmode_type, t);
     r = *t;
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    if (!setattr(fd, &r)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+
+    if (!setattr(fd, &r)) sys_fail(io);
 
     return mode;
 }
@@ -795,13 +816,9 @@ typedef CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO rb_console_size_t;
 static VALUE
 console_winsize(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
     rb_console_size_t ws;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetWriteFD(fptr);
-    if (!getwinsize(fd, &ws)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (!getwinsize(fd, &ws)) sys_fail(io);
     return rb_assoc_new(INT2NUM(winsize_row(&ws)), INT2NUM(winsize_col(&ws)));
 }
 
@@ -817,7 +834,6 @@ console_winsize(VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 console_set_winsize(VALUE io, VALUE size)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
     rb_console_size_t ws;
 #if defined _WIN32
     HANDLE wh;
@@ -826,20 +842,17 @@ console_set_winsize(VALUE io, VALUE size)
 #endif
     VALUE row, col, xpixel, ypixel;
     const VALUE *sz;
-    int fd;
     long sizelen;
+    int fd;
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     size = rb_Array(size);
     if ((sizelen = RARRAY_LEN(size)) != 2 && sizelen != 4) {
-	rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-		 "wrong number of arguments (given %ld, expected 2 or 4)",
-		 sizelen);
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments (given %ld, expected 2 or 4)", sizelen);
     }
     sz = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(size);
     row = sz[0], col = sz[1], xpixel = ypixel = Qnil;
     if (sizelen == 4) xpixel = sz[2], ypixel = sz[3];
-    fd = GetWriteFD(fptr);
+    fd = GetWriteFD(io);
 #if defined TIOCSWINSZ
     ws.ws_row = ws.ws_col = ws.ws_xpixel = ws.ws_ypixel = 0;
 #define SET(m) ws.ws_##m = NIL_P(m) ? 0 : (unsigned short)NUM2UINT(m)
@@ -848,7 +861,7 @@ console_set_winsize(VALUE io, VALUE size)
     SET(xpixel);
     SET(ypixel);
 #undef SET
-    if (!setwinsize(fd, &ws)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    if (!setwinsize(fd, &ws)) sys_fail(io);
 #elif defined _WIN32
     wh = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd);
 #define SET(m) new##m = NIL_P(m) ? 0 : (unsigned short)NUM2UINT(m)
@@ -886,12 +899,10 @@ console_set_winsize(VALUE io, VALUE size)
 static VALUE
 console_check_winsize_changed(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
     HANDLE h;
     DWORD num;
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetReadFD(fptr));
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetReadFD(io));
     while (GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(h, &num) && num > 0) {
 	INPUT_RECORD rec;
 	if (ReadConsoleInput(h, &rec, 1, &num)) {
@@ -917,15 +928,11 @@ console_check_winsize_changed(VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 console_iflush(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetReadFD(fptr);
 #if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
-    if (tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
 #endif
-    (void)fd;
+
     return io;
 }
 
@@ -940,13 +947,9 @@ console_iflush(VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 console_oflush(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetWriteFD(fptr);
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
 #if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
-    if (tcflush(fd, TCOFLUSH)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    if (tcflush(fd, TCOFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
 #endif
     (void)fd;
     return io;
@@ -963,40 +966,30 @@ console_oflush(VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 console_ioflush(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
 #if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
-    int fd1, fd2;
-#endif
+    int fd1 = GetReadFD(io);
+    int fd2 = GetWriteFD(io);
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
-    fd1 = GetReadFD(fptr);
-    fd2 = GetWriteFD(fptr);
     if (fd2 != -1 && fd1 != fd2) {
-	if (tcflush(fd1, TCIFLUSH)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
-	if (tcflush(fd2, TCOFLUSH)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+        if (tcflush(fd1, TCIFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
+        if (tcflush(fd2, TCOFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
     }
     else {
-	if (tcflush(fd1, TCIOFLUSH)) sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+        if (tcflush(fd1, TCIOFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
     }
 #endif
+
     return io;
 }
 
 static VALUE
 console_beep(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetWriteFD(fptr);
 #ifdef _WIN32
-    (void)fd;
     MessageBeep(0);
 #else
-    if (write(fd, "\a", 1) < 0)
-	sys_fail_fptr(fptr);
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (write(fd, "\a", 1) < 0) sys_fail(io);
 #endif
     return io;
 }
@@ -1017,79 +1010,6 @@ mode_in_range(VALUE val, int high, const char *modename)
 }
 
 #if defined _WIN32
-static VALUE
-console_goto(VALUE io, VALUE y, VALUE x)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
-    COORD pos;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetWriteFD(fptr);
-    pos.X = NUM2UINT(x);
-    pos.Y = NUM2UINT(y);
-    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), pos)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    return io;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-console_cursor_pos(VALUE io)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int fd;
-    rb_console_size_t ws;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    fd = GetWriteFD(fptr);
-    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), &ws)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    return rb_assoc_new(UINT2NUM(ws.dwCursorPosition.Y), UINT2NUM(ws.dwCursorPosition.X));
-}
-
-static VALUE
-console_move(VALUE io, int y, int x)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    HANDLE h;
-    rb_console_size_t ws;
-    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(fptr));
-    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    pos->X += x;
-    pos->Y += y;
-    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(h, *pos)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    return io;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-console_goto_column(VALUE io, VALUE val)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    HANDLE h;
-    rb_console_size_t ws;
-    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(fptr));
-    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    pos->X = NUM2INT(val);
-    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(h, *pos)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    return io;
-}
-
 static void
 constat_clear(HANDLE handle, WORD attr, DWORD len, COORD pos)
 {
@@ -1100,86 +1020,12 @@ constat_clear(HANDLE handle, WORD attr, DWORD len, COORD pos)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-console_erase_line(VALUE io, VALUE val)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    HANDLE h;
-    rb_console_size_t ws;
-    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
-    DWORD w;
-    int mode = mode_in_range(val, 2, "line erase");
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(fptr));
-    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    w = winsize_col(&ws);
-    switch (mode) {
-      case 0:			/* after cursor */
-	w -= pos->X;
-	break;
-      case 1:			/* before *and* cursor */
-	w = pos->X + 1;
-	pos->X = 0;
-	break;
-      case 2:			/* entire line */
-	pos->X = 0;
-	break;
-    }
-    constat_clear(h, ws.wAttributes, w, *pos);
-    return io;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-console_erase_screen(VALUE io, VALUE val)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    HANDLE h;
-    rb_console_size_t ws;
-    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
-    DWORD w;
-    int mode = mode_in_range(val, 3, "screen erase");
-
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(fptr));
-    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
-	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
-    }
-    w = winsize_col(&ws);
-    switch (mode) {
-      case 0:	/* erase after cursor */
-	w = (w * (ws.srWindow.Bottom - pos->Y + 1) - pos->X);
-	break;
-      case 1:	/* erase before *and* cursor */
-	w = (w * (pos->Y - ws.srWindow.Top) + pos->X + 1);
-	pos->X = 0;
-	pos->Y = ws.srWindow.Top;
-	break;
-      case 2:	/* erase entire screen */
-	w = (w * winsize_row(&ws));
-	pos->X = 0;
-	pos->Y = ws.srWindow.Top;
-	break;
-      case 3:	/* erase entire screen */
-	w = (w * ws.dwSize.Y);
-	pos->X = 0;
-	pos->Y = 0;
-	break;
-    }
-    constat_clear(h, ws.wAttributes, w, *pos);
-    return io;
-}
-
-static VALUE
 console_scroll(VALUE io, int line)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
     HANDLE h;
     rb_console_size_t ws;
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(fptr));
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
     if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
 	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
     }
@@ -1238,23 +1084,11 @@ static int
 direct_query(VALUE io, const struct query_args *query)
 {
     if (RB_TYPE_P(io, T_FILE)) {
-	rb_io_t *fptr;
-	VALUE wio;
-	GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-	wio = fptr->tied_io_for_writing;
-	if (wio) {
-	    VALUE s = rb_str_new_cstr(query->qstr);
-	    rb_io_write(wio, s);
-	    rb_io_flush(wio);
-	    return 1;
-	}
-	if (write(fptr->fd, query->qstr, strlen(query->qstr)) != -1) {
-	    return 1;
-	}
-	if (fptr->fd == 0 &&
-	    write(1, query->qstr, strlen(query->qstr)) != -1) {
-	    return 1;
-	}
+        VALUE wio = rb_io_get_write_io(io);
+        VALUE s = rb_str_new_cstr(query->qstr);
+        rb_io_write(wio, s);
+        rb_io_flush(wio);
+        return 1;
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -1305,8 +1139,40 @@ console_vt_response(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io, const struct query_args *qa
 }
 
 static VALUE
+console_scroll(VALUE io, int line)
+{
+    if (line) {
+	VALUE s = rb_sprintf("\x1b[%d%c", line < 0 ? -line : line,
+			     line < 0 ? 'T' : 'S');
+	rb_io_write(io, s);
+    }
+    return io;
+}
+
+# define console_key_pressed_p rb_f_notimplement
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor -> [row, column]
+ *
+ * Returns the current cursor position as a two-element array of integers (row, column)
+ *
+ *   io.cursor # => [3, 5]
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
 console_cursor_pos(VALUE io)
 {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    return rb_assoc_new(UINT2NUM(ws.dwCursorPosition.Y), UINT2NUM(ws.dwCursorPosition.X));
+#else
     static const struct query_args query = {"\033[6n", 0};
     VALUE resp = console_vt_response(0, 0, io, &query);
     VALUE row, column, term;
@@ -1323,18 +1189,44 @@ console_cursor_pos(VALUE io)
     RARRAY_ASET(resp, 0, INT2NUM(r));
     RARRAY_ASET(resp, 1, INT2NUM(c));
     return resp;
+#endif
 }
 
 static VALUE
 console_goto(VALUE io, VALUE y, VALUE x)
 {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    COORD pos;
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    pos.X = NUM2UINT(x);
+    pos.Y = NUM2UINT(y);
+    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), pos)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+#else
     rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf("\x1b[%d;%dH", NUM2UINT(y)+1, NUM2UINT(x)+1));
+#endif
     return io;
 }
 
 static VALUE
 console_move(VALUE io, int y, int x)
 {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    pos->X += x;
+    pos->Y += y;
+    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(h, *pos)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+#else
     if (x || y) {
 	VALUE s = rb_str_new_cstr("");
 	if (y) rb_str_catf(s, "\x1b[%d%c", y < 0 ? -y : y, y < 0 ? 'A' : 'B');
@@ -1342,13 +1234,29 @@ console_move(VALUE io, int y, int x)
 	rb_io_write(io, s);
 	rb_io_flush(io);
     }
+#endif
     return io;
 }
 
 static VALUE
 console_goto_column(VALUE io, VALUE val)
 {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    pos->X = NUM2INT(val);
+    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(h, *pos)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+#else
     rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf("\x1b[%dG", NUM2UINT(val)+1));
+#endif
     return io;
 }
 
@@ -1356,7 +1264,34 @@ static VALUE
 console_erase_line(VALUE io, VALUE val)
 {
     int mode = mode_in_range(val, 2, "line erase");
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+    DWORD w;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    w = winsize_col(&ws);
+    switch (mode) {
+      case 0:			/* after cursor */
+	w -= pos->X;
+	break;
+      case 1:			/* before *and* cursor */
+	w = pos->X + 1;
+	pos->X = 0;
+	break;
+      case 2:			/* entire line */
+	pos->X = 0;
+	break;
+    }
+    constat_clear(h, ws.wAttributes, w, *pos);
+    return io;
+#else
     rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf("\x1b[%dK", mode));
+#endif
     return io;
 }
 
@@ -1364,22 +1299,43 @@ static VALUE
 console_erase_screen(VALUE io, VALUE val)
 {
     int mode = mode_in_range(val, 3, "screen erase");
-    rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf("\x1b[%dJ", mode));
-    return io;
-}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+    DWORD w;
 
-static VALUE
-console_scroll(VALUE io, int line)
-{
-    if (line) {
-	VALUE s = rb_sprintf("\x1b[%d%c", line < 0 ? -line : line,
-			     line < 0 ? 'T' : 'S');
-	rb_io_write(io, s);
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    w = winsize_col(&ws);
+    switch (mode) {
+      case 0:	/* erase after cursor */
+	w = (w * (ws.srWindow.Bottom - pos->Y + 1) - pos->X);
+	break;
+      case 1:	/* erase before *and* cursor */
+	w = (w * (pos->Y - ws.srWindow.Top) + pos->X + 1);
+	pos->X = 0;
+	pos->Y = ws.srWindow.Top;
+	break;
+      case 2:	/* erase entire screen */
+	w = (w * winsize_row(&ws));
+	pos->X = 0;
+	pos->Y = ws.srWindow.Top;
+	break;
+      case 3:	/* erase entire screen */
+	w = (w * ws.dwSize.Y);
+	pos->X = 0;
+	pos->Y = 0;
+	break;
     }
+    constat_clear(h, ws.wAttributes, w, *pos);
+#else
+    rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf("\x1b[%dJ", mode));
+#endif
     return io;
 }
-# define console_key_pressed_p rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
 
 static VALUE
 console_cursor_set(VALUE io, VALUE cpos)
@@ -1433,6 +1389,38 @@ console_clear_screen(VALUE io)
     return io;
 }
 
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_OPEN_DESCRIPTOR
+static VALUE
+io_open_descriptor_fallback(VALUE klass, int descriptor, int mode, VALUE path, VALUE timeout, void *encoding)
+{
+    rb_update_max_fd(descriptor);
+
+    VALUE arguments[2] = {
+        INT2NUM(descriptor),
+        INT2FIX(mode),
+    };
+
+    VALUE self = rb_class_new_instance(2, arguments, klass);
+
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(self, fptr);
+    fptr->pathv = path;
+    fptr->mode |= mode;
+
+    return self;
+}
+#define rb_io_open_descriptor io_open_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_CLOSED_P
+static VALUE
+rb_io_closed_p(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr = RFILE(io)->fptr;
+    return fptr->fd == -1 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   IO.console      -> #<File:/dev/tty>
@@ -1450,34 +1438,37 @@ static VALUE
 console_dev(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 {
     VALUE con = 0;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
     VALUE sym = 0;
 
     rb_check_arity(argc, 0, UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS);
+
     if (argc) {
-	Check_Type(sym = argv[0], T_SYMBOL);
+        Check_Type(sym = argv[0], T_SYMBOL);
     }
+
+    // Force the class to be File.
     if (klass == rb_cIO) klass = rb_cFile;
+
     if (rb_const_defined(klass, id_console)) {
-	con = rb_const_get(klass, id_console);
-	if (!RB_TYPE_P(con, T_FILE) ||
-	    (!(fptr = RFILE(con)->fptr) || GetReadFD(fptr) == -1)) {
-	    rb_const_remove(klass, id_console);
-	    con = 0;
-	}
+        con = rb_const_get(klass, id_console);
+        if (!RB_TYPE_P(con, T_FILE) || RTEST(rb_io_closed_p(con))) {
+            rb_const_remove(klass, id_console);
+            con = 0;
+        }
     }
+
     if (sym) {
-	if (sym == ID2SYM(id_close) && argc == 1) {
-	    if (con) {
-		rb_io_close(con);
-		rb_const_remove(klass, id_console);
-		con = 0;
-	    }
-	    return Qnil;
-	}
+        if (sym == ID2SYM(id_close) && argc == 1) {
+            if (con) {
+                rb_io_close(con);
+                rb_const_remove(klass, id_console);
+                con = 0;
+            }
+            return Qnil;
+        }
     }
+
     if (!con) {
-	VALUE args[2];
 #if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H || defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
 # define CONSOLE_DEVICE "/dev/tty"
 #elif defined _WIN32
@@ -1489,44 +1480,36 @@ console_dev(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 # define CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING CONSOLE_DEVICE
 #endif
 #ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
-	VALUE out;
-	rb_io_t *ofptr;
+        VALUE out;
+        rb_io_t *ofptr;
 #endif
-	int fd;
+        int fd;
+        VALUE path = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new2(CONSOLE_DEVICE));
 
 #ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
-	fd = rb_cloexec_open(CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING, O_RDWR, 0);
-	if (fd < 0) return Qnil;
-        rb_update_max_fd(fd);
-	args[1] = INT2FIX(O_WRONLY);
-	args[0] = INT2NUM(fd);
-	out = rb_class_new_instance(2, args, klass);
+        fd = rb_cloexec_open(CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING, O_RDWR, 0);
+        if (fd < 0) return Qnil;
+        out = rb_io_open_descriptor(klass, fd, FMODE_WRITABLE | FMODE_SYNC, path, Qnil, NULL);
 #endif
-	fd = rb_cloexec_open(CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING, O_RDWR, 0);
-	if (fd < 0) {
+        fd = rb_cloexec_open(CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING, O_RDWR, 0);
+        if (fd < 0) {
 #ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
-	    rb_io_close(out);
+            rb_io_close(out);
 #endif
-	    return Qnil;
-	}
-        rb_update_max_fd(fd);
-	args[1] = INT2FIX(O_RDWR);
-	args[0] = INT2NUM(fd);
-	con = rb_class_new_instance(2, args, klass);
-	GetOpenFile(con, fptr);
-	fptr->pathv = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new2(CONSOLE_DEVICE));
+            return Qnil;
+        }
+
+        con = rb_io_open_descriptor(klass, fd, FMODE_READWRITE | FMODE_SYNC, path, Qnil, NULL);
 #ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
-	GetOpenFile(out, ofptr);
-	ofptr->pathv = fptr->pathv;
-	fptr->tied_io_for_writing = out;
-	ofptr->mode |= FMODE_SYNC;
+        rb_io_set_write_io(con, out);
 #endif
-	fptr->mode |= FMODE_SYNC;
-	rb_const_set(klass, id_console, con);
+        rb_const_set(klass, id_console, con);
     }
+
     if (sym) {
-	return rb_f_send(argc, argv, con);
+        return rb_f_send(argc, argv, con);
     }
+
     return con;
 }
 
@@ -1542,7 +1525,6 @@ io_getch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     return rb_funcallv(io, id_getc, argc, argv);
 }
 
-#if ENABLE_IO_GETPASS
 static VALUE
 puts_call(VALUE io)
 {
@@ -1550,6 +1532,12 @@ puts_call(VALUE io)
 }
 
 static VALUE
+gets_call(VALUE io)
+{
+    return rb_funcallv(io, id_gets, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
 getpass_call(VALUE io)
 {
     return ttymode(io, rb_io_gets, io, set_noecho, NULL);
@@ -1569,7 +1557,8 @@ static VALUE
 str_chomp(VALUE str)
 {
     if (!NIL_P(str)) {
-	rb_funcallv(str, id_chomp_bang, 0, 0);
+	const VALUE rs = rb_default_rs; /* rvalue in TruffleRuby */
+	rb_funcallv(str, id_chomp_bang, 1, &rs);
     }
     return str;
 }
@@ -1586,6 +1575,12 @@ str_chomp(VALUE str)
  * see String#chomp!.
  *
  * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ *
+ *    require 'io/console'
+ *    IO::console.getpass("Enter password:")
+ *    Enter password:
+ *    # => "mypassword"
+ *
  */
 static VALUE
 console_getpass(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
@@ -1596,6 +1591,7 @@ console_getpass(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     wio = rb_io_get_write_io(io);
     if (wio == io && io == rb_stdin) wio = rb_stderr;
     prompt(argc, argv, wio);
+    rb_io_flush(wio);
     str = rb_ensure(getpass_call, io, puts_call, wio);
     return str_chomp(str);
 }
@@ -1613,11 +1609,10 @@ io_getpass(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 
     rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
     prompt(argc, argv, io);
-    str = str_chomp(rb_funcallv(io, id_gets, 0, 0));
-    puts_call(io);
-    return str;
+    rb_check_funcall(io, id_flush, 0, 0);
+    str = rb_ensure(gets_call, io, puts_call, io);
+    return str_chomp(str);
 }
-#endif
 
 /*
  * IO console methods
@@ -1627,15 +1622,16 @@ Init_console(void)
 {
 #undef rb_intern
     id_getc = rb_intern("getc");
-#if ENABLE_IO_GETPASS
     id_gets = rb_intern("gets");
+    id_flush = rb_intern("flush");
     id_chomp_bang = rb_intern("chomp!");
-#endif
     id_console = rb_intern("console");
     id_close = rb_intern("close");
-    id_min = rb_intern("min");
-    id_time = rb_intern("time");
-    id_intr = rb_intern("intr");
+#define init_rawmode_opt_id(name) \
+    rawmode_opt_ids[kwd_##name] = rb_intern(#name)
+    init_rawmode_opt_id(min);
+    init_rawmode_opt_id(time);
+    init_rawmode_opt_id(intr);
 #ifndef HAVE_RB_F_SEND
     id___send__ = rb_intern("__send__");
 #endif
@@ -1676,20 +1672,17 @@ InitVM_console(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "clear_screen", console_clear_screen, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "pressed?", console_key_pressed_p, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "check_winsize_changed", console_check_winsize_changed, 0);
-#if ENABLE_IO_GETPASS
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getpass", console_getpass, -1);
-#endif
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cIO, "console", console_dev, -1);
     {
 	VALUE mReadable = rb_define_module_under(rb_cIO, "generic_readable");
 	rb_define_method(mReadable, "getch", io_getch, -1);
-#if ENABLE_IO_GETPASS
 	rb_define_method(mReadable, "getpass", io_getpass, -1);
-#endif
     }
     {
 	/* :stopdoc: */
         cConmode = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIO, "ConsoleMode", rb_cObject);
+        rb_define_const(cConmode, "VERSION", rb_str_new_cstr(STRINGIZE(IO_CONSOLE_VERSION)));
         rb_define_alloc_func(cConmode, conmode_alloc);
         rb_undef_method(cConmode, "initialize");
         rb_define_method(cConmode, "initialize_copy", conmode_init_copy, 1);
diff --git a/ext/io/console/depend b/ext/io/console/depend
index 06ccdde70d..59ca3442c2 100644
--- a/ext/io/console/depend
+++ b/ext/io/console/depend
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -122,7 +123,6 @@ console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -153,7 +153,6 @@ console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 console.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/io/console/extconf.rb b/ext/io/console/extconf.rb
index e8c5923b18..aa0b6c6cfb 100644
--- a/ext/io/console/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/io/console/extconf.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 require 'mkmf'
 
+version = ["../../..", "."].find do |dir|
+  break File.read(File.join(__dir__, dir, "io-console.gemspec"))[/^_VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*?)"/, 1]
+rescue
+end
+
+have_func("rb_io_path")
+have_func("rb_io_descriptor")
+have_func("rb_io_get_write_io")
+have_func("rb_io_closed_p")
+have_func("rb_io_open_descriptor")
+
 ok = true if RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" || RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
 hdr = nil
 case
@@ -29,7 +40,7 @@ when true
   elsif have_func("rb_scheduler_timeout") # 3.0
     have_func("rb_io_wait")
   end
-  $defs << "-D""ENABLE_IO_GETPASS=1"
+  $defs << "-D""IO_CONSOLE_VERSION=#{version}"
   create_makefile("io/console") {|conf|
     conf << "\n""VK_HEADER = #{vk_header}\n"
   }
diff --git a/ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec b/ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec
index aa57f8ac52..d4f52763b7 100644
--- a/ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec
+++ b/ext/io/console/io-console.gemspec
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # -*- ruby -*-
-_VERSION = "0.5.11"
+_VERSION = "0.7.1"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.name = "io-console"
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.authors = ["Nobu Nakada"]
   s.require_path = %[lib]
   s.files = %w[
+    .document
     LICENSE.txt
     README.md
     ext/io/console/console.c
@@ -25,15 +26,16 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   if Gem::Platform === s.platform and s.platform =~ 'java'
     s.files.delete_if {|f| f.start_with?("ext/")}
     s.extensions.clear
+    s.require_paths.unshift('lib/ffi')
     s.files.concat(%w[
-      lib/io/console.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/bsd_console.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/common.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/console.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/linux_console.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/native_console.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/stty_console.rb
-      lib/io/console/ffi/stub_console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/bsd_console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/common.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/linux_console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/native_console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/stty_console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/stub_console.rb
+      lib/ffi/io/console/version.rb
     ])
   end
 
diff --git a/ext/io/nonblock/depend b/ext/io/nonblock/depend
index 7f2db65732..48384fca62 100644
--- a/ext/io/nonblock/depend
+++ b/ext/io/nonblock/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 nonblock.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/io/nonblock/extconf.rb b/ext/io/nonblock/extconf.rb
index d813a01e7c..a1e6075c9b 100644
--- a/ext/io/nonblock/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/io/nonblock/extconf.rb
@@ -2,6 +2,13 @@
 require 'mkmf'
 target = "io/nonblock"
 
+unless RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
+  File.write("Makefile", dummy_makefile($srcdir).join(""))
+  return
+end
+
+have_func("rb_io_descriptor")
+
 hdr = %w"fcntl.h"
 if have_macro("O_NONBLOCK", hdr) and
     (have_macro("F_GETFL", hdr) or have_macro("F_SETFL", hdr))
diff --git a/ext/io/nonblock/io-nonblock.gemspec b/ext/io/nonblock/io-nonblock.gemspec
index f81d4fda0a..6a16c8b03b 100644
--- a/ext/io/nonblock/io-nonblock.gemspec
+++ b/ext/io/nonblock/io-nonblock.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "io-nonblock"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
+  spec.version       = "0.3.0"
   spec.authors       = ["Nobu Nakada"]
   spec.email         = ["nobu@ruby-lang.org"]
 
diff --git a/ext/io/nonblock/nonblock.c b/ext/io/nonblock/nonblock.c
index b8a40ff38e..d90538f735 100644
--- a/ext/io/nonblock/nonblock.c
+++ b/ext/io/nonblock/nonblock.c
@@ -17,6 +17,17 @@
 #endif
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_DESCRIPTOR
+static int
+io_descriptor_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->fd;
+}
+#define rb_io_descriptor io_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
 #ifdef F_GETFL
 static int
 get_fcntl_flags(int fd)
@@ -39,10 +50,8 @@ get_fcntl_flags(int fd)
 static VALUE
 rb_io_nonblock_p(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    if (get_fcntl_flags(fptr->fd) & O_NONBLOCK)
-	return Qtrue;
+    if (get_fcntl_flags(rb_io_descriptor(io)) & O_NONBLOCK)
+        return Qtrue;
     return Qfalse;
 }
 #else
@@ -57,6 +66,8 @@ set_fcntl_flags(int fd, int f)
 	rb_sys_fail(0);
 }
 
+#ifndef RUBY_IO_NONBLOCK_METHODS
+
 static int
 io_nonblock_set(int fd, int f, int nb)
 {
@@ -122,17 +133,23 @@ io_nonblock_set(int fd, int f, int nb)
  *
  */
 static VALUE
-rb_io_nonblock_set(VALUE io, VALUE nb)
+rb_io_nonblock_set(VALUE self, VALUE value)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
-    if (RTEST(nb))
-	rb_io_set_nonblock(fptr);
-    else
-	io_nonblock_set(fptr->fd, get_fcntl_flags(fptr->fd), RTEST(nb));
-    return io;
+    if (RTEST(value)) {
+        rb_io_t *fptr;
+        GetOpenFile(self, fptr);
+        rb_io_set_nonblock(fptr);
+    }
+    else {
+        int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(self);
+        io_nonblock_set(descriptor, get_fcntl_flags(descriptor), RTEST(value));
+    }
+
+    return self;
 }
 
+#endif /* RUBY_IO_NONBLOCK_METHODS */
+
 static VALUE
 io_nonblock_restore(VALUE arg)
 {
@@ -152,24 +169,25 @@ io_nonblock_restore(VALUE arg)
  * The original mode is restored after the block is executed.
  */
 static VALUE
-rb_io_nonblock_block(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+rb_io_nonblock_block(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
     int nb = 1;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    int f, restore[2];
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(self);
+
     if (argc > 0) {
-	VALUE v;
-	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &v);
-	nb = RTEST(v);
+        VALUE v;
+        rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &v);
+        nb = RTEST(v);
     }
-    f = get_fcntl_flags(fptr->fd);
-    restore[0] = fptr->fd;
-    restore[1] = f;
-    if (!io_nonblock_set(fptr->fd, f, nb))
-	return rb_yield(io);
-    return rb_ensure(rb_yield, io, io_nonblock_restore, (VALUE)restore);
+
+    int current_flags = get_fcntl_flags(descriptor);
+    int restore[2] = {descriptor, current_flags};
+
+    if (!io_nonblock_set(descriptor, current_flags, nb))
+        return rb_yield(self);
+
+    return rb_ensure(rb_yield, self, io_nonblock_restore, (VALUE)restore);
 }
 #else
 #define rb_io_nonblock_set rb_f_notimplement
@@ -179,7 +197,10 @@ rb_io_nonblock_block(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 void
 Init_nonblock(void)
 {
+#ifndef RUBY_IO_NONBLOCK_METHODS
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "nonblock?", rb_io_nonblock_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "nonblock=", rb_io_nonblock_set, 1);
+#endif
+
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "nonblock", rb_io_nonblock_block, -1);
 }
diff --git a/ext/io/wait/depend b/ext/io/wait/depend
index 51e1af8280..83cf8f94c8 100644
--- a/ext/io/wait/depend
+++ b/ext/io/wait/depend
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -122,7 +123,6 @@ wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -153,7 +153,6 @@ wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 wait.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/io/wait/extconf.rb b/ext/io/wait/extconf.rb
index eecdcce99f..e63c046187 100644
--- a/ext/io/wait/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/io/wait/extconf.rb
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ if RUBY_VERSION < "2.6"
 else
   target = "io/wait"
   have_func("rb_io_wait")
+  have_func("rb_io_descriptor")
   unless macro_defined?("DOSISH", "#include <ruby.h>")
     have_header(ioctl_h = "sys/ioctl.h") or ioctl_h = nil
     fionread = %w[sys/ioctl.h sys/filio.h sys/socket.h].find do |h|
diff --git a/ext/io/wait/io-wait.gemspec b/ext/io/wait/io-wait.gemspec
index 7b73d64200..e850e10bf9 100644
--- a/ext/io/wait/io-wait.gemspec
+++ b/ext/io/wait/io-wait.gemspec
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-_VERSION = "0.3.0.pre"
+_VERSION = "0.3.1"
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "io-wait"
diff --git a/ext/io/wait/wait.c b/ext/io/wait/wait.c
index d74afb580b..8835670e59 100644
--- a/ext/io/wait/wait.c
+++ b/ext/io/wait/wait.c
@@ -87,8 +87,15 @@ io_nread(VALUE io)
     rb_io_check_readable(fptr);
     len = rb_io_read_pending(fptr);
     if (len > 0) return INT2FIX(len);
-    if (!FIONREAD_POSSIBLE_P(fptr->fd)) return INT2FIX(0);
-    if (ioctl(fptr->fd, FIONREAD, &n)) return INT2FIX(0);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_IO_DESCRIPTOR
+    int fd = rb_io_descriptor(io);
+#else
+    int fd = fptr->fd;
+#endif
+
+    if (!FIONREAD_POSSIBLE_P(fd)) return INT2FIX(0);
+    if (ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, &n)) return INT2FIX(0);
     if (n > 0) return ioctl_arg2num(n);
     return INT2FIX(0);
 }
diff --git a/ext/json/VERSION b/ext/json/VERSION
deleted file mode 100644
index 097a15a2af..0000000000
--- a/ext/json/VERSION
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-2.6.2
diff --git a/ext/json/generator/depend b/ext/json/generator/depend
index 28ef06b36d..42752d1a35 100644
--- a/ext/json/generator/depend
+++ b/ext/json/generator/depend
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -125,7 +126,6 @@ generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 generator.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/json/generator/generator.c b/ext/json/generator/generator.c
index 98d0ea46c3..a71acfbb76 100644
--- a/ext/json/generator/generator.c
+++ b/ext/json/generator/generator.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static ID i_to_s, i_to_json, i_new, i_indent, i_space, i_space_before,
           i_object_nl, i_array_nl, i_max_nesting, i_allow_nan, i_ascii_only,
           i_pack, i_unpack, i_create_id, i_extend, i_key_p,
           i_aref, i_send, i_respond_to_p, i_match, i_keys, i_depth,
-          i_buffer_initial_length, i_dup, i_escape_slash;
+          i_buffer_initial_length, i_dup, i_script_safe, i_escape_slash, i_strict;
 
 /*
  * Copyright 2001-2004 Unicode, Inc.
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static void unicode_escape_to_buffer(FBuffer *buffer, char buf[6], UTF16
 
 /* Converts string to a JSON string in FBuffer buffer, where all but the ASCII
  * and control characters are JSON escaped. */
-static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escape_slash)
+static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char script_safe)
 {
     const UTF8 *source = (UTF8 *) RSTRING_PTR(string);
     const UTF8 *sourceEnd = source + RSTRING_LEN(string);
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escap
                             fbuffer_append(buffer, "\\\"", 2);
                             break;
                         case '/':
-                            if(escape_slash) {
+                            if(script_safe) {
                                 fbuffer_append(buffer, "\\/", 2);
                                 break;
                             }
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escap
  * characters required by the JSON standard are JSON escaped. The remaining
  * characters (should be UTF8) are just passed through and appended to the
  * result. */
-static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escape_slash)
+static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char script_safe)
 {
     const char *ptr = RSTRING_PTR(string), *p;
     unsigned long len = RSTRING_LEN(string), start = 0, end = 0;
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escape_slas
                     escape_len = 2;
                     break;
                 case '/':
-                    if(escape_slash) {
+                    if(script_safe) {
                         escape = "\\/";
                         escape_len = 2;
                         break;
@@ -294,6 +294,22 @@ static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escape_slas
                                 rb_raise(rb_path2class("JSON::GeneratorError"),
                                         "partial character in source, but hit end");
                             }
+
+                            if (script_safe && c == 0xE2) {
+                                unsigned char c2 = (unsigned char) *(p+1);
+                                unsigned char c3 = (unsigned char) *(p+2);
+                                if (c2 == 0x80 && (c3 == 0xA8 || c3 == 0xA9)) {
+                                    fbuffer_append(buffer, ptr + start, end - start);
+                                    start = end = (end + clen);
+                                    if (c3 == 0xA8) {
+                                        fbuffer_append(buffer, "\\u2028", 6);
+                                    } else {
+                                        fbuffer_append(buffer, "\\u2029", 6);
+                                    }
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                            }
+
                             if (!isLegalUTF8((UTF8 *) p, clen)) {
                                 rb_raise(rb_path2class("JSON::GeneratorError"),
                                         "source sequence is illegal/malformed utf-8");
@@ -478,6 +494,7 @@ static VALUE mFloat_to_json(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  */
 static VALUE mString_included_s(VALUE self, VALUE modul) {
     VALUE result = rb_funcall(modul, i_extend, 1, mString_Extend);
+    rb_call_super(1, &modul);
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -726,8 +743,14 @@ static VALUE cState_configure(VALUE self, VALUE opts)
     state->allow_nan = RTEST(tmp);
     tmp = rb_hash_aref(opts, ID2SYM(i_ascii_only));
     state->ascii_only = RTEST(tmp);
-    tmp = rb_hash_aref(opts, ID2SYM(i_escape_slash));
-    state->escape_slash = RTEST(tmp);
+    tmp = rb_hash_aref(opts, ID2SYM(i_script_safe));
+    state->script_safe = RTEST(tmp);
+    if (!state->script_safe) {
+        tmp = rb_hash_aref(opts, ID2SYM(i_escape_slash));
+        state->script_safe = RTEST(tmp);
+    }
+    tmp = rb_hash_aref(opts, ID2SYM(i_strict));
+    state->strict = RTEST(tmp);
     return self;
 }
 
@@ -762,7 +785,8 @@ static VALUE cState_to_h(VALUE self)
     rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_allow_nan), state->allow_nan ? Qtrue : Qfalse);
     rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_ascii_only), state->ascii_only ? Qtrue : Qfalse);
     rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_max_nesting), LONG2FIX(state->max_nesting));
-    rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_escape_slash), state->escape_slash ? Qtrue : Qfalse);
+    rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_script_safe), state->script_safe ? Qtrue : Qfalse);
+    rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_strict), state->strict ? Qtrue : Qfalse);
     rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_depth), LONG2FIX(state->depth));
     rb_hash_aset(result, ID2SYM(i_buffer_initial_length), LONG2FIX(state->buffer_initial_length));
     return result;
@@ -947,9 +971,9 @@ static void generate_json_string(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE Vstate, JSON_Generator_S
     }
 #endif
     if (state->ascii_only) {
-        convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(buffer, obj, state->escape_slash);
+        convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(buffer, obj, state->script_safe);
     } else {
-        convert_UTF8_to_JSON(buffer, obj, state->escape_slash);
+        convert_UTF8_to_JSON(buffer, obj, state->script_safe);
     }
     fbuffer_append_char(buffer, '"');
 }
@@ -1028,6 +1052,8 @@ static void generate_json(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE Vstate, JSON_Generator_State *s
         generate_json_bignum(buffer, Vstate, state, obj);
     } else if (klass == rb_cFloat) {
         generate_json_float(buffer, Vstate, state, obj);
+    } else if (state->strict) {
+        rb_raise(eGeneratorError, "%"PRIsVALUE" not allowed in JSON", RB_OBJ_STRING(CLASS_OF(obj)));
     } else if (rb_respond_to(obj, i_to_json)) {
         tmp = rb_funcall(obj, i_to_json, 1, Vstate);
         Check_Type(tmp, T_STRING);
@@ -1390,27 +1416,58 @@ static VALUE cState_max_nesting_set(VALUE self, VALUE depth)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq: escape_slash
+ * call-seq: script_safe
  *
  * If this boolean is true, the forward slashes will be escaped in
  * the json output.
  */
-static VALUE cState_escape_slash(VALUE self)
+static VALUE cState_script_safe(VALUE self)
 {
     GET_STATE(self);
-    return state->escape_slash ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+    return state->script_safe ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq: escape_slash=(depth)
+ * call-seq: script_safe=(enable)
  *
  * This sets whether or not the forward slashes will be escaped in
  * the json output.
  */
-static VALUE cState_escape_slash_set(VALUE self, VALUE enable)
+static VALUE cState_script_safe_set(VALUE self, VALUE enable)
+{
+    GET_STATE(self);
+    state->script_safe = RTEST(enable);
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq: strict
+ *
+ * If this boolean is false, types unsupported by the JSON format will
+ * be serialized as strings.
+ * If this boolean is true, types unsupported by the JSON format will
+ * raise a JSON::GeneratorError.
+ */
+static VALUE cState_strict(VALUE self)
+{
+    GET_STATE(self);
+    return state->strict ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq: strict=(enable)
+ *
+ * This sets whether or not to serialize types unsupported by the
+ * JSON format as strings.
+ * If this boolean is false, types unsupported by the JSON format will
+ * be serialized as strings.
+ * If this boolean is true, types unsupported by the JSON format will
+ * raise a JSON::GeneratorError.
+ */
+static VALUE cState_strict_set(VALUE self, VALUE enable)
 {
     GET_STATE(self);
-    state->escape_slash = RTEST(enable);
+    state->strict = RTEST(enable);
     return Qnil;
 }
 
@@ -1530,9 +1587,15 @@ void Init_generator(void)
     rb_define_method(cState, "array_nl=", cState_array_nl_set, 1);
     rb_define_method(cState, "max_nesting", cState_max_nesting, 0);
     rb_define_method(cState, "max_nesting=", cState_max_nesting_set, 1);
-    rb_define_method(cState, "escape_slash", cState_escape_slash, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cState, "escape_slash?", cState_escape_slash, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cState, "escape_slash=", cState_escape_slash_set, 1);
+    rb_define_method(cState, "script_safe", cState_script_safe, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cState, "script_safe?", cState_script_safe, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cState, "script_safe=", cState_script_safe_set, 1);
+    rb_define_alias(cState, "escape_slash", "script_safe");
+    rb_define_alias(cState, "escape_slash?", "script_safe?");
+    rb_define_alias(cState, "escape_slash=", "script_safe=");
+    rb_define_method(cState, "strict", cState_strict, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cState, "strict?", cState_strict, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cState, "strict=", cState_strict_set, 1);
     rb_define_method(cState, "check_circular?", cState_check_circular_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(cState, "allow_nan?", cState_allow_nan_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(cState, "ascii_only?", cState_ascii_only_p, 0);
@@ -1589,7 +1652,9 @@ void Init_generator(void)
     i_object_nl = rb_intern("object_nl");
     i_array_nl = rb_intern("array_nl");
     i_max_nesting = rb_intern("max_nesting");
+    i_script_safe = rb_intern("script_safe");
     i_escape_slash = rb_intern("escape_slash");
+    i_strict = rb_intern("strict");
     i_allow_nan = rb_intern("allow_nan");
     i_ascii_only = rb_intern("ascii_only");
     i_depth = rb_intern("depth");
diff --git a/ext/json/generator/generator.h b/ext/json/generator/generator.h
index 3ebd622554..1a736b84dd 100644
--- a/ext/json/generator/generator.h
+++ b/ext/json/generator/generator.h
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ static const UTF32 halfMask = 0x3FFUL;
 static unsigned char isLegalUTF8(const UTF8 *source, unsigned long length);
 static void unicode_escape(char *buf, UTF16 character);
 static void unicode_escape_to_buffer(FBuffer *buffer, char buf[6], UTF16 character);
-static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escape_slash);
-static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char escape_slash);
+static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON_ASCII(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char script_safe);
+static void convert_UTF8_to_JSON(FBuffer *buffer, VALUE string, char script_safe);
 static char *fstrndup(const char *ptr, unsigned long len);
 
 /* ruby api and some helpers */
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ typedef struct JSON_Generator_StateStruct {
     long max_nesting;
     char allow_nan;
     char ascii_only;
-    char escape_slash;
+    char script_safe;
+    char strict;
     long depth;
     long buffer_initial_length;
 } JSON_Generator_State;
@@ -151,8 +152,10 @@ static VALUE cState_allow_nan_p(VALUE self);
 static VALUE cState_ascii_only_p(VALUE self);
 static VALUE cState_depth(VALUE self);
 static VALUE cState_depth_set(VALUE self, VALUE depth);
-static VALUE cState_escape_slash(VALUE self);
-static VALUE cState_escape_slash_set(VALUE self, VALUE depth);
+static VALUE cState_script_safe(VALUE self);
+static VALUE cState_script_safe_set(VALUE self, VALUE depth);
+static VALUE cState_strict(VALUE self);
+static VALUE cState_strict_set(VALUE self, VALUE strict);
 static FBuffer *cState_prepare_buffer(VALUE self);
 #ifndef ZALLOC
 #define ZALLOC(type) ((type *)ruby_zalloc(sizeof(type)))
diff --git a/ext/json/json.gemspec b/ext/json/json.gemspec
index 948e92c501..64d0c81391 100644
--- a/ext/json/json.gemspec
+++ b/ext/json/json.gemspec
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
+version = File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, "lib/json/version.rb")) do |line|
+  /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*'(.*)'/ =~ line and break $1
+end rescue nil
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.name = "json"
-  s.version = File.read(File.expand_path('../VERSION', __FILE__)).chomp
+  s.version = version
 
   s.summary = "JSON Implementation for Ruby"
   s.description = "This is a JSON implementation as a Ruby extension in C."
@@ -17,7 +19,6 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     "CHANGES.md",
     "LICENSE",
     "README.md",
-    "VERSION",
     "ext/json/ext/fbuffer/fbuffer.h",
     "ext/json/ext/generator/depend",
     "ext/json/ext/generator/extconf.rb",
@@ -53,12 +54,12 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     "lib/json/pure/parser.rb",
     "lib/json/version.rb",
   ]
-  s.homepage = "http://flori.github.com/json"
+  s.homepage = "https://flori.github.io/json"
   s.metadata = {
     'bug_tracker_uri'   => 'https://github.com/flori/json/issues',
     'changelog_uri'     => 'https://github.com/flori/json/blob/master/CHANGES.md',
-    'documentation_uri' => 'http://flori.github.io/json/doc/index.html',
-    'homepage_uri'      => 'http://flori.github.io/json/',
+    'documentation_uri' => 'https://flori.github.io/json/doc/index.html',
+    'homepage_uri'      => s.homepage,
     'source_code_uri'   => 'https://github.com/flori/json',
     'wiki_uri'          => 'https://github.com/flori/json/wiki'
   }
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json.rb b/ext/json/lib/json.rb
index 1e64bfcb1a..807488ffef 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json.rb
@@ -285,6 +285,15 @@ require 'json/common'
 #   # Raises JSON::NestingError (nesting of 2 is too deep):
 #   JSON.generate(obj, max_nesting: 2)
 #
+# ====== Escaping Options
+#
+# Options +script_safe+ (boolean) specifies wether <tt>'\u2028'</tt>, <tt>'\u2029'</tt>
+# and <tt>'/'</tt> should be escaped as to make the JSON object safe to interpolate in script
+# tags.
+#
+# Options +ascii_only+ (boolean) specifies wether all characters outside the ASCII range
+# should be escaped.
+#
 # ====== Output Options
 #
 # The default formatting options generate the most compact
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/bigdecimal.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/bigdecimal.rb
index c8b4f567cb..b1d0cfa043 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/bigdecimal.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/bigdecimal.rb
@@ -2,19 +2,36 @@
 unless defined?(::JSON::JSON_LOADED) and ::JSON::JSON_LOADED
   require 'json'
 end
-defined?(::BigDecimal) or require 'bigdecimal'
+begin
+  require 'bigdecimal'
+rescue LoadError
+end
 
 class BigDecimal
-  # Import a JSON Marshalled object.
-  #
-  # method used for JSON marshalling support.
+
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     BigDecimal._load object['b']
   end
 
-  # Marshal the object to JSON.
+  # Methods <tt>BigDecimal#as_json</tt> and +BigDecimal.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \BigDecimal object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>BigDecimal#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/bigdecimal'
+  #   x = BigDecimal(2).as_json             # => {"json_class"=>"BigDecimal", "b"=>"27:0.2e1"}
+  #   y = BigDecimal(2.0, 4).as_json        # => {"json_class"=>"BigDecimal", "b"=>"36:0.2e1"}
+  #   z = BigDecimal(Complex(2, 0)).as_json # => {"json_class"=>"BigDecimal", "b"=>"27:0.2e1"}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \BigDecimal object:
+  #
+  #   BigDecimal.json_create(x) # => 0.2e1
+  #   BigDecimal.json_create(y) # => 0.2e1
+  #   BigDecimal.json_create(z) # => 0.2e1
   #
-  # method used for JSON marshalling support.
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -22,8 +39,20 @@ class BigDecimal
     }
   end
 
-  # return the JSON value
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/bigdecimal'
+  #   puts BigDecimal(2).to_json
+  #   puts BigDecimal(2.0, 4).to_json
+  #   puts BigDecimal(Complex(2, 0)).to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"BigDecimal","b":"27:0.2e1"}
+  #   {"json_class":"BigDecimal","b":"36:0.2e1"}
+  #   {"json_class":"BigDecimal","b":"27:0.2e1"}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
-end
+end if defined?(::BigDecimal)
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/complex.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/complex.rb
index e63e29fd22..ef48c554c6 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/complex.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/complex.rb
@@ -5,14 +5,27 @@ end
 
 class Complex
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by converting Real value <tt>r</tt>, imaginary
-  # value <tt>i</tt>, to a Complex object.
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     Complex(object['r'], object['i'])
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Complex#as_json</tt> and +Complex.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Complex object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Complex#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/complex'
+  #   x = Complex(2).as_json      # => {"json_class"=>"Complex", "r"=>2, "i"=>0}
+  #   y = Complex(2.0, 4).as_json # => {"json_class"=>"Complex", "r"=>2.0, "i"=>4}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Complex object:
+  #
+  #   Complex.json_create(x) # => (2+0i)
+  #   Complex.json_create(y) # => (2.0+4i)
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -21,7 +34,17 @@ class Complex
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Complex) along with real value <tt>r</tt> and imaginary value <tt>i</tt> as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/complex'
+  #   puts Complex(2).to_json
+  #   puts Complex(2.0, 4).to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Complex","r":2,"i":0}
+  #   {"json_class":"Complex","r":2.0,"i":4}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/date.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/date.rb
index 25523561a5..19688f751b 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/date.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/date.rb
@@ -6,16 +6,29 @@ require 'date'
 
 class Date
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by converting Julian year <tt>y</tt>, month
-  # <tt>m</tt>, day <tt>d</tt> and Day of Calendar Reform <tt>sg</tt> to Date.
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     civil(*object.values_at('y', 'm', 'd', 'sg'))
   end
 
   alias start sg unless method_defined?(:start)
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Date#as_json</tt> and +Date.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Date object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Date#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/date'
+  #   x = Date.today.as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Date", "y"=>2023, "m"=>11, "d"=>21, "sg"=>2299161.0}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Date object:
+  #
+  #   Date.json_create(x)
+  #   # => #<Date: 2023-11-21 ((2460270j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -26,8 +39,15 @@ class Date
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Date) with Julian year <tt>y</tt>, month <tt>m</tt>, day
-  # <tt>d</tt> and Day of Calendar Reform <tt>sg</tt> as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/date'
+  #   puts Date.today.to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Date","y":2023,"m":11,"d":21,"sg":2299161.0}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb
index 38b0e86ab8..d7d42591cf 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb
@@ -6,9 +6,7 @@ require 'date'
 
 class DateTime
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by converting year <tt>y</tt>, month <tt>m</tt>,
-  # day <tt>d</tt>, hour <tt>H</tt>, minute <tt>M</tt>, second <tt>S</tt>,
-  # offset <tt>of</tt> and Day of Calendar Reform <tt>sg</tt> to DateTime.
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     args = object.values_at('y', 'm', 'd', 'H', 'M', 'S')
     of_a, of_b = object['of'].split('/')
@@ -23,8 +21,21 @@ class DateTime
 
   alias start sg unless method_defined?(:start)
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>DateTime#as_json</tt> and +DateTime.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \DateTime object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>DateTime#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/datetime'
+  #   x = DateTime.now.as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"DateTime", "y"=>2023, "m"=>11, "d"=>21, "sg"=>2299161.0}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \DateTime object:
+  #
+  #   DateTime.json_create(x) # BUG? Raises Date::Error "invalid date"
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -39,9 +50,15 @@ class DateTime
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (DateTime) with Julian year <tt>y</tt>, month <tt>m</tt>,
-  # day <tt>d</tt>, hour <tt>H</tt>, minute <tt>M</tt>, second <tt>S</tt>,
-  # offset <tt>of</tt> and Day of Calendar Reform <tt>sg</tt> as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/datetime'
+  #   puts DateTime.now.to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"DateTime","y":2023,"m":11,"d":21,"sg":2299161.0}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/exception.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/exception.rb
index a107e5b3c4..71d8deb0ea 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/exception.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/exception.rb
@@ -5,16 +5,27 @@ end
 
 class Exception
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by constructing new Exception object with message
-  # <tt>m</tt> and backtrace <tt>b</tt> serialized with <tt>to_json</tt>
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     result = new(object['m'])
     result.set_backtrace object['b']
     result
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Exception#as_json</tt> and +Exception.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Exception object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Exception#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/exception'
+  #   x = Exception.new('Foo').as_json # => {"json_class"=>"Exception", "m"=>"Foo", "b"=>nil}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Exception object:
+  #
+  #   Exception.json_create(x) # => #<Exception: Foo>
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -23,8 +34,15 @@ class Exception
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Exception) with message <tt>m</tt> and backtrace array
-  # <tt>b</tt> as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/exception'
+  #   puts Exception.new('Foo').to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Exception","m":"Foo","b":null}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/ostruct.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/ostruct.rb
index 686cf0025d..498de17178 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/ostruct.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/ostruct.rb
@@ -6,14 +6,27 @@ require 'ostruct'
 
 class OpenStruct
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by constructing new Struct object with values
-  # <tt>t</tt> serialized by <tt>to_json</tt>.
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     new(object['t'] || object[:t])
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>OpenStruct#as_json</tt> and +OpenStruct.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \OpenStruct object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>OpenStruct#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/ostruct'
+  #   x = OpenStruct.new('name' => 'Rowdy', :age => nil).as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"OpenStruct", "t"=>{:name=>'Rowdy', :age=>nil}}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \OpenStruct object:
+  #
+  #   OpenStruct.json_create(x)
+  #   # => #<OpenStruct name='Rowdy', age=nil>
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     klass = self.class.name
     klass.to_s.empty? and raise JSON::JSONError, "Only named structs are supported!"
@@ -23,8 +36,15 @@ class OpenStruct
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (OpenStruct) with this struct's values <tt>t</tt> as a
-  # JSON string.
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/ostruct'
+  #   puts OpenStruct.new('name' => 'Rowdy', :age => nil).to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"OpenStruct","t":{'name':'Rowdy',"age":null}}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/range.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/range.rb
index 93529fb1c4..53f54ac372 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/range.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/range.rb
@@ -5,14 +5,29 @@ end
 
 class Range
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by constructing new Range object with arguments
-  # <tt>a</tt> serialized by <tt>to_json</tt>.
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     new(*object['a'])
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Range#as_json</tt> and +Range.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Range object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Range#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/range'
+  #   x = (1..4).as_json     # => {"json_class"=>"Range", "a"=>[1, 4, false]}
+  #   y = (1...4).as_json    # => {"json_class"=>"Range", "a"=>[1, 4, true]}
+  #   z = ('a'..'d').as_json # => {"json_class"=>"Range", "a"=>["a", "d", false]}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Range object:
+  #
+  #   Range.json_create(x) # => 1..4
+  #   Range.json_create(y) # => 1...4
+  #   Range.json_create(z) # => "a".."d"
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id  => self.class.name,
@@ -20,9 +35,19 @@ class Range
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Range) with JSON array of arguments <tt>a</tt> which
-  # include <tt>first</tt> (integer), <tt>last</tt> (integer), and
-  # <tt>exclude_end?</tt> (boolean) as JSON string.
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/range'
+  #   puts (1..4).to_json
+  #   puts (1...4).to_json
+  #   puts ('a'..'d').to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Range","a":[1,4,false]}
+  #   {"json_class":"Range","a":[1,4,true]}
+  #   {"json_class":"Range","a":["a","d",false]}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb
index f776226046..8c39a7db55 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb
@@ -4,14 +4,28 @@ unless defined?(::JSON::JSON_LOADED) and ::JSON::JSON_LOADED
 end
 
 class Rational
-  # Deserializes JSON string by converting numerator value <tt>n</tt>,
-  # denominator value <tt>d</tt>, to a Rational object.
+
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     Rational(object['n'], object['d'])
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Rational#as_json</tt> and +Rational.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Rational object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Rational#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/rational'
+  #   x = Rational(2, 3).as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Rational", "n"=>2, "d"=>3}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Rational object:
+  #
+  #   Rational.json_create(x)
+  #   # => (2/3)
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -20,7 +34,15 @@ class Rational
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Rational) along with numerator value <tt>n</tt> and denominator value <tt>d</tt> as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/rational'
+  #   puts Rational(2, 3).to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Rational","n":2,"d":3}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/regexp.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/regexp.rb
index 39d69fede7..b63f49608f 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/regexp.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/regexp.rb
@@ -5,15 +5,26 @@ end
 
 class Regexp
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by constructing new Regexp object with source
-  # <tt>s</tt> (Regexp or String) and options <tt>o</tt> serialized by
-  # <tt>to_json</tt>
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     new(object['s'], object['o'])
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Regexp#as_json</tt> and +Regexp.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Regexp object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Regexp#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/regexp'
+  #   x = /foo/.as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Regexp", "o"=>0, "s"=>"foo"}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Regexp object:
+  #
+  #   Regexp.json_create(x) # => /foo/
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -22,8 +33,15 @@ class Regexp
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Regexp) with options <tt>o</tt> and source <tt>s</tt>
-  # (Regexp or String) as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/regexp'
+  #   puts /foo/.to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #    {"json_class":"Regexp","o":0,"s":"foo"}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/set.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/set.rb
index 71e2a0ac8b..1918353187 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/set.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/set.rb
@@ -4,16 +4,27 @@ end
 defined?(::Set) or require 'set'
 
 class Set
-  # Import a JSON Marshalled object.
-  #
-  # method used for JSON marshalling support.
+
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     new object['a']
   end
 
-  # Marshal the object to JSON.
+  # Methods <tt>Set#as_json</tt> and +Set.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Set object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Set#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/set'
+  #   x = Set.new(%w/foo bar baz/).as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Set", "a"=>["foo", "bar", "baz"]}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Set object:
+  #
+  #   Set.json_create(x) # => #<Set: {"foo", "bar", "baz"}>
   #
-  # method used for JSON marshalling support.
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -21,7 +32,15 @@ class Set
     }
   end
 
-  # return the JSON value
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/set'
+  #   puts Set.new(%w/foo bar baz/).to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Set","a":["foo","bar","baz"]}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/struct.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/struct.rb
index e8395ed42f..86847762ac 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/struct.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/struct.rb
@@ -5,14 +5,28 @@ end
 
 class Struct
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by constructing new Struct object with values
-  # <tt>v</tt> serialized by <tt>to_json</tt>.
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     new(*object['v'])
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Struct#as_json</tt> and +Struct.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Struct object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Struct#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/struct'
+  #   Customer = Struct.new('Customer', :name, :address, :zip)
+  #   x = Struct::Customer.new.as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Struct::Customer", "v"=>[nil, nil, nil]}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Struct object:
+  #
+  #   Struct::Customer.json_create(x)
+  #   # => #<struct Struct::Customer name=nil, address=nil, zip=nil>
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     klass = self.class.name
     klass.to_s.empty? and raise JSON::JSONError, "Only named structs are supported!"
@@ -22,8 +36,16 @@ class Struct
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Struct) with Struct values <tt>v</tt> as a JSON string.
-  # Only named structs are supported.
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/struct'
+  #   Customer = Struct.new('Customer', :name, :address, :zip)
+  #   puts Struct::Customer.new.to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Struct","t":{'name':'Rowdy',"age":null}}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/symbol.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/symbol.rb
index 74b13a423f..b5f3623158 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/symbol.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/symbol.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,26 @@
+
 #frozen_string_literal: false
 unless defined?(::JSON::JSON_LOADED) and ::JSON::JSON_LOADED
   require 'json'
 end
 
 class Symbol
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+
+  # Methods <tt>Symbol#as_json</tt> and +Symbol.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Symbol object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Symbol#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/symbol'
+  #   x = :foo.as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Symbol", "s"=>"foo"}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Symbol object:
+  #
+  #   Symbol.json_create(x) # => :foo
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     {
       JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
@@ -13,12 +28,20 @@ class Symbol
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Symbol) with String representation of Symbol as a JSON string.
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/symbol'
+  #   puts :foo.to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   # {"json_class":"Symbol","s":"foo"}
+  #
   def to_json(*a)
     as_json.to_json(*a)
   end
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by converting the <tt>string</tt> value stored in the object to a Symbol
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(o)
     o['s'].to_sym
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/add/time.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/add/time.rb
index b73acc4086..599ed9e24b 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/add/time.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/add/time.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ end
 
 class Time
 
-  # Deserializes JSON string by converting time since epoch to Time
+  # See #as_json.
   def self.json_create(object)
     if usec = object.delete('u') # used to be tv_usec -> tv_nsec
       object['n'] = usec * 1000
@@ -17,8 +17,22 @@ class Time
     end
   end
 
-  # Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this
-  # object.
+  # Methods <tt>Time#as_json</tt> and +Time.json_create+ may be used
+  # to serialize and deserialize a \Time object;
+  # see Marshal[rdoc-ref:Marshal].
+  #
+  # \Method <tt>Time#as_json</tt> serializes +self+,
+  # returning a 2-element hash representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/time'
+  #   x = Time.now.as_json
+  #   # => {"json_class"=>"Time", "s"=>1700931656, "n"=>472846644}
+  #
+  # \Method +JSON.create+ deserializes such a hash, returning a \Time object:
+  #
+  #    Time.json_create(x)
+  #    # => 2023-11-25 11:00:56.472846644 -0600
+  #
   def as_json(*)
     nanoseconds = [ tv_usec * 1000 ]
     respond_to?(:tv_nsec) and nanoseconds << tv_nsec
@@ -30,8 +44,15 @@ class Time
     }
   end
 
-  # Stores class name (Time) with number of seconds since epoch and number of
-  # microseconds for Time as JSON string
+  # Returns a JSON string representing +self+:
+  #
+  #   require 'json/add/time'
+  #   puts Time.now.to_json
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   {"json_class":"Time","s":1700931678,"n":980650786}
+  #
   def to_json(*args)
     as_json.to_json(*args)
   end
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/common.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/common.rb
index ea46896fcc..090066012d 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/common.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/common.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ require 'json/version'
 require 'json/generic_object'
 
 module JSON
+  NOT_SET = Object.new.freeze
+  private_constant :NOT_SET
+
   class << self
     # :call-seq:
     #   JSON[object] -> new_array or new_string
@@ -295,19 +298,9 @@ module JSON
   #
   def generate(obj, opts = nil)
     if State === opts
-      state, opts = opts, nil
+      state = opts
     else
-      state = State.new
-    end
-    if opts
-      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
-        opts = opts.to_hash
-      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
-        opts = opts.to_h
-      else
-        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
-      end
-      state = state.configure(opts)
+      state = State.new(opts)
     end
     state.generate(obj)
   end
@@ -334,19 +327,9 @@ module JSON
   #   JSON.fast_generate(a)
   def fast_generate(obj, opts = nil)
     if State === opts
-      state, opts = opts, nil
+      state = opts
     else
-      state = JSON.create_fast_state
-    end
-    if opts
-      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
-        opts = opts.to_hash
-      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
-        opts = opts.to_h
-      else
-        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
-      end
-      state.configure(opts)
+      state = JSON.create_fast_state.configure(opts)
     end
     state.generate(obj)
   end
@@ -592,13 +575,13 @@ module JSON
     # Sets or returns the default options for the JSON.dump method.
     # Initially:
     #   opts = JSON.dump_default_options
-    #   opts # => {:max_nesting=>false, :allow_nan=>true, :escape_slash=>false}
+    #   opts # => {:max_nesting=>false, :allow_nan=>true, :script_safe=>false}
     attr_accessor :dump_default_options
   end
   self.dump_default_options = {
     :max_nesting => false,
     :allow_nan   => true,
-    :escape_slash => false,
+    :script_safe => false,
   }
 
   # :call-seq:
@@ -628,16 +611,18 @@ module JSON
   #   puts File.read(path)
   # Output:
   #   {"foo":[0,1],"bar":{"baz":2,"bat":3},"bam":"bad"}
-  def dump(obj, anIO = nil, limit = nil)
-    if anIO and limit.nil?
-      anIO = anIO.to_io if anIO.respond_to?(:to_io)
-      unless anIO.respond_to?(:write)
-        limit = anIO
-        anIO = nil
-      end
+  def dump(obj, anIO = nil, limit = nil, kwargs = nil)
+    io_limit_opt = [anIO, limit, kwargs].compact
+    kwargs = io_limit_opt.pop if io_limit_opt.last.is_a?(Hash)
+    anIO, limit = io_limit_opt
+    if anIO.respond_to?(:to_io)
+      anIO = anIO.to_io
+    elsif limit.nil? && !anIO.respond_to?(:write)
+      anIO, limit = nil, anIO
     end
     opts = JSON.dump_default_options
     opts = opts.merge(:max_nesting => limit) if limit
+    opts = merge_dump_options(opts, **kwargs) if kwargs
     result = generate(obj, opts)
     if anIO
       anIO.write result
@@ -653,6 +638,15 @@ module JSON
   def self.iconv(to, from, string)
     string.encode(to, from)
   end
+
+  def merge_dump_options(opts, strict: NOT_SET)
+    opts = opts.merge(strict: strict) if NOT_SET != strict
+    opts
+  end
+
+  class << self
+    private :merge_dump_options
+  end
 end
 
 module ::Kernel
diff --git a/ext/json/lib/json/version.rb b/ext/json/lib/json/version.rb
index 9bedb65fa7..b43ceecdcd 100644
--- a/ext/json/lib/json/version.rb
+++ b/ext/json/lib/json/version.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 module JSON
   # JSON version
-  VERSION         = '2.6.2'
+  VERSION         = '2.7.1'
   VERSION_ARRAY   = VERSION.split(/\./).map { |x| x.to_i } # :nodoc:
   VERSION_MAJOR   = VERSION_ARRAY[0] # :nodoc:
   VERSION_MINOR   = VERSION_ARRAY[1] # :nodoc:
diff --git a/ext/json/parser/depend b/ext/json/parser/depend
index a8e066ce15..cb6e547d29 100644
--- a/ext/json/parser/depend
+++ b/ext/json/parser/depend
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -124,7 +125,6 @@ parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/json/parser/parser.c b/ext/json/parser/parser.c
index 9bd7f1971e..57f87432b6 100644
--- a/ext/json/parser/parser.c
+++ b/ext/json/parser/parser.c
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@
 static void
 enc_raise(rb_encoding *enc, VALUE exc, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	va_list args;
-	VALUE mesg;
+    va_list args;
+    VALUE mesg;
 
-	va_start(args, fmt);
-	mesg = rb_enc_vsprintf(enc, fmt, args);
-	va_end(args);
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+    mesg = rb_enc_vsprintf(enc, fmt, args);
+    va_end(args);
 
-	rb_exc_raise(rb_exc_new3(exc, mesg));
+    rb_exc_raise(rb_exc_new3(exc, mesg));
 }
 #   define rb_enc_raise enc_raise
 # endif
@@ -28,3320 +28,2184 @@ enc_raise(rb_encoding *enc, VALUE exc, const char *fmt, ...)
 /* unicode */
 
 static const signed char digit_values[256] = {
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
 };
 
 static UTF32 unescape_unicode(const unsigned char *p)
 {
-	signed char b;
-	UTF32 result = 0;
-	b = digit_values[p[0]];
-	if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
-	result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
-	b = digit_values[p[1]];
-	if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
-	result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
-	b = digit_values[p[2]];
-	if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
-	result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
-	b = digit_values[p[3]];
-	if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
-	result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
-	return result;
+    signed char b;
+    UTF32 result = 0;
+    b = digit_values[p[0]];
+    if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
+    result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
+    b = digit_values[p[1]];
+    if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
+    result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
+    b = digit_values[p[2]];
+    if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
+    result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
+    b = digit_values[p[3]];
+    if (b < 0) return UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR;
+    result = (result << 4) | (unsigned char)b;
+    return result;
 }
 
 static int convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(char *buf, UTF32 ch)
 {
-	int len = 1;
-	if (ch <= 0x7F) {
-		buf[0] = (char) ch;
-	} else if (ch <= 0x07FF) {
-		buf[0] = (char) ((ch >> 6) | 0xC0);
-		buf[1] = (char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
-		len++;
-	} else if (ch <= 0xFFFF) {
-		buf[0] = (char) ((ch >> 12) | 0xE0);
-		buf[1] = (char) (((ch >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
-		buf[2] = (char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
-		len += 2;
-	} else if (ch <= 0x1fffff) {
-		buf[0] =(char) ((ch >> 18) | 0xF0);
-		buf[1] =(char) (((ch >> 12) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
-		buf[2] =(char) (((ch >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
-		buf[3] =(char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
-		len += 3;
-	} else {
-		buf[0] = '?';
-	}
-	return len;
+    int len = 1;
+    if (ch <= 0x7F) {
+        buf[0] = (char) ch;
+    } else if (ch <= 0x07FF) {
+        buf[0] = (char) ((ch >> 6) | 0xC0);
+        buf[1] = (char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        len++;
+    } else if (ch <= 0xFFFF) {
+        buf[0] = (char) ((ch >> 12) | 0xE0);
+        buf[1] = (char) (((ch >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        buf[2] = (char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        len += 2;
+    } else if (ch <= 0x1fffff) {
+        buf[0] =(char) ((ch >> 18) | 0xF0);
+        buf[1] =(char) (((ch >> 12) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        buf[2] =(char) (((ch >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        buf[3] =(char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        len += 3;
+    } else {
+        buf[0] = '?';
+    }
+    return len;
 }
 
 static VALUE mJSON, mExt, cParser, eParserError, eNestingError;
 static VALUE CNaN, CInfinity, CMinusInfinity;
 
 static ID i_json_creatable_p, i_json_create, i_create_id, i_create_additions,
-i_chr, i_max_nesting, i_allow_nan, i_symbolize_names,
-i_object_class, i_array_class, i_decimal_class, i_key_p,
-i_deep_const_get, i_match, i_match_string, i_aset, i_aref,
-i_leftshift, i_new, i_try_convert, i_freeze, i_uminus;
+          i_chr, i_max_nesting, i_allow_nan, i_symbolize_names,
+          i_object_class, i_array_class, i_decimal_class, i_key_p,
+          i_deep_const_get, i_match, i_match_string, i_aset, i_aref,
+          i_leftshift, i_new, i_try_convert, i_freeze, i_uminus;
 
 
 #line 125 "parser.rl"
 
 
 
+#line 107 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_object_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_object_first_final = 27};
 enum {JSON_object_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_object_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_object_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_object_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_object_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_object_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
 
 #line 167 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_object(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting)
 {
-	int cs = EVIL;
-	VALUE last_name = Qnil;
-	VALUE object_class = json->object_class;
+    int cs = EVIL;
+    VALUE last_name = Qnil;
+    VALUE object_class = json->object_class;
 
-	if (json->max_nesting && current_nesting > json->max_nesting) {
-		rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", current_nesting);
-	}
+    if (json->max_nesting && current_nesting > json->max_nesting) {
+        rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", current_nesting);
+    }
 
-	*result = NIL_P(object_class) ? rb_hash_new() : rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, object_class);
+    *result = NIL_P(object_class) ? rb_hash_new() : rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, object_class);
 
 
+#line 131 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_object_start;
+	cs = JSON_object_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 182 "parser.rl"
-
+#line 182 "parser.rl"
 
+#line 138 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-			case 6:
-			goto st_case_6;
-			case 7:
-			goto st_case_7;
-			case 8:
-			goto st_case_8;
-			case 9:
-			goto st_case_9;
-			case 10:
-			goto st_case_10;
-			case 11:
-			goto st_case_11;
-			case 12:
-			goto st_case_12;
-			case 13:
-			goto st_case_13;
-			case 14:
-			goto st_case_14;
-			case 15:
-			goto st_case_15;
-			case 16:
-			goto st_case_16;
-			case 17:
-			goto st_case_17;
-			case 18:
-			goto st_case_18;
-			case 27:
-			goto st_case_27;
-			case 19:
-			goto st_case_19;
-			case 20:
-			goto st_case_20;
-			case 21:
-			goto st_case_21;
-			case 22:
-			goto st_case_22;
-			case 23:
-			goto st_case_23;
-			case 24:
-			goto st_case_24;
-			case 25:
-			goto st_case_25;
-			case 26:
-			goto st_case_26;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st_case_1:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 123 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+case 1:
+	if ( (*p) == 123 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st23;
-			}
-			case 125: {
-				goto ctr4;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		ctr2:
-		{
-			#line 149 "parser.rl"
-
-			char *np;
-			json->parsing_name = 1;
-			np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, &last_name);
-			json->parsing_name = 0;
-			if (np == NULL) { {p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 3; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-		}
-
-		goto st3;
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st2;
+		case 32: goto st2;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st23;
+		case 125: goto tr4;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st0;
+tr2:
+#line 149 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np;
+        json->parsing_name = 1;
+        np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, &last_name);
+        json->parsing_name = 0;
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 3; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+    }
+	goto st3;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 58: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+#line 179 "parser.c"
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st3;
+		case 32: goto st3;
+		case 47: goto st4;
+		case 58: goto st8;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st3;
+	goto st0;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st7;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 4:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st5;
+		case 47: goto st7;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st6;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		st6:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 5:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st6;
+	goto st5;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
-		st_case_6:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		st7:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 6:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st6;
+		case 47: goto st3;
+	}
+	goto st5;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
-		st_case_7:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		st8:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 7:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st3;
+	goto st7;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
-		st_case_8:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 45: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st19;
-			}
-			case 73: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 78: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 91: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 102: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 110: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 116: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-			case 123: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 10 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 9 ) {
-			goto st8;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		ctr11:
-		{
-			#line 133 "parser.rl"
-
-			VALUE v = Qnil;
-			char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &v, current_nesting);
-			if (np == NULL) {
-				{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 9; goto _out;}
-			} else {
-				if (NIL_P(json->object_class)) {
-					OBJ_FREEZE(last_name);
-					rb_hash_aset(*result, last_name, v);
-				} else {
-					rb_funcall(*result, i_aset, 2, last_name, v);
-				}
-				{p = (( np))-1;}
-
-			}
-		}
-
-		goto st9;
-		st9:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 8:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st8;
+		case 32: goto st8;
+		case 34: goto tr11;
+		case 45: goto tr11;
+		case 47: goto st19;
+		case 73: goto tr11;
+		case 78: goto tr11;
+		case 91: goto tr11;
+		case 102: goto tr11;
+		case 110: goto tr11;
+		case 116: goto tr11;
+		case 123: goto tr11;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr11;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st0;
+tr11:
+#line 133 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        VALUE v = Qnil;
+        char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &v, current_nesting);
+        if (np == NULL) {
+            p--; {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;}
+        } else {
+            if (NIL_P(json->object_class)) {
+                OBJ_FREEZE(last_name);
+                rb_hash_aset(*result, last_name, v);
+            } else {
+                rb_funcall(*result, i_aset, 2, last_name, v);
+            }
+            {p = (( np))-1;}
+        }
+    }
+	goto st9;
+st9:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
-		st_case_9:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st9;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st9;
-			}
-			case 44: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st15;
-			}
-			case 125: {
-				goto ctr4;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st9;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st10:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 9:
+#line 267 "parser.c"
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st9;
+		case 32: goto st9;
+		case 44: goto st10;
+		case 47: goto st15;
+		case 125: goto tr4;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st9;
+	goto st0;
+st10:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof10;
-		st_case_10:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st11;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st11:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 10:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st10;
+		case 32: goto st10;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st11;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+st11:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof11;
-		st_case_11:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st12;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st14;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st12:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 11:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st12;
+		case 47: goto st14;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st12:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof12;
-		st_case_12:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st13;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st12;
-		}
-		st13:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 12:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st13;
+	goto st12;
+st13:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof13;
-		st_case_13:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st13;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st12;
-		}
-		st14:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 13:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st13;
+		case 47: goto st10;
+	}
+	goto st12;
+st14:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof14;
-		st_case_14:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st14;
-		}
-		st15:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 14:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st14;
+st15:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof15;
-		st_case_15:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st16;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st18;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st16:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 15:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st16;
+		case 47: goto st18;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st16:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof16;
-		st_case_16:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st17;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st16;
-		}
-		st17:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 16:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st17;
+	goto st16;
+st17:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof17;
-		st_case_17:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st17;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st9;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st16;
-		}
-		st18:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 17:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st17;
+		case 47: goto st9;
+	}
+	goto st16;
+st18:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof18;
-		st_case_18:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st9;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st18;
-		}
-		ctr4:
-		{
-			#line 157 "parser.rl"
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 27; goto _out;} }
-
-		goto st27;
-		st27:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 18:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st9;
+	goto st18;
+tr4:
+#line 157 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 27; goto _out;} }
+	goto st27;
+st27:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof27;
-		st_case_27:
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st19:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 27:
+#line 363 "parser.c"
+	goto st0;
+st19:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof19;
-		st_case_19:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st20;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st22;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st20:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 19:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st20;
+		case 47: goto st22;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st20:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof20;
-		st_case_20:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st21;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st20;
-		}
-		st21:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 20:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st21;
+	goto st20;
+st21:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof21;
-		st_case_21:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st21;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st20;
-		}
-		st22:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 21:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st21;
+		case 47: goto st8;
+	}
+	goto st20;
+st22:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof22;
-		st_case_22:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st8;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st22;
-		}
-		st23:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 22:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st22;
+st23:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof23;
-		st_case_23:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st24;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st26;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st24:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 23:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st24;
+		case 47: goto st26;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st24:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof24;
-		st_case_24:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st25;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st24;
-		}
-		st25:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 24:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st25;
+	goto st24;
+st25:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof25;
-		st_case_25:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st25;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st24;
-		}
-		st26:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 25:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st25;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	goto st24;
+st26:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof26;
-		st_case_26:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st26;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof18: cs = 18; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof27: cs = 27; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof19: cs = 19; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof20: cs = 20; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof21: cs = 21; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof22: cs = 22; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof23: cs = 23; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof24: cs = 24; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof25: cs = 25; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof26: cs = 26; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 183 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if (cs >= JSON_object_first_final) {
-		if (json->create_additions) {
-			VALUE klassname;
-			if (NIL_P(json->object_class)) {
-				klassname = rb_hash_aref(*result, json->create_id);
-			} else {
-				klassname = rb_funcall(*result, i_aref, 1, json->create_id);
-			}
-			if (!NIL_P(klassname)) {
-				VALUE klass = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_deep_const_get, 1, klassname);
-				if (RTEST(rb_funcall(klass, i_json_creatable_p, 0))) {
-					*result = rb_funcall(klass, i_json_create, 1, *result);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		return p + 1;
-	} else {
-		return NULL;
+case 26:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st26;
+	}
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof18: cs = 18; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof27: cs = 27; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof19: cs = 19; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof20: cs = 20; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof21: cs = 21; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof22: cs = 22; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof23: cs = 23; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof24: cs = 24; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof25: cs = 25; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof26: cs = 26; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
 	}
+
+#line 183 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (cs >= JSON_object_first_final) {
+        if (json->create_additions) {
+            VALUE klassname;
+            if (NIL_P(json->object_class)) {
+              klassname = rb_hash_aref(*result, json->create_id);
+            } else {
+              klassname = rb_funcall(*result, i_aref, 1, json->create_id);
+            }
+            if (!NIL_P(klassname)) {
+                VALUE klass = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_deep_const_get, 1, klassname);
+                if (RTEST(rb_funcall(klass, i_json_creatable_p, 0))) {
+                    *result = rb_funcall(klass, i_json_create, 1, *result);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return p + 1;
+    } else {
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 
 
+#line 486 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_value_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_value_first_final = 29};
 enum {JSON_value_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_value_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_value_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_value_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_value_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_value_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
 
 #line 283 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_value(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting)
 {
-	int cs = EVIL;
+    int cs = EVIL;
 
 
+#line 502 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_value_start;
+	cs = JSON_value_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 290 "parser.rl"
-
+#line 290 "parser.rl"
 
+#line 509 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 29:
-			goto st_case_29;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-			case 6:
-			goto st_case_6;
-			case 7:
-			goto st_case_7;
-			case 8:
-			goto st_case_8;
-			case 9:
-			goto st_case_9;
-			case 10:
-			goto st_case_10;
-			case 11:
-			goto st_case_11;
-			case 12:
-			goto st_case_12;
-			case 13:
-			goto st_case_13;
-			case 14:
-			goto st_case_14;
-			case 15:
-			goto st_case_15;
-			case 16:
-			goto st_case_16;
-			case 17:
-			goto st_case_17;
-			case 18:
-			goto st_case_18;
-			case 19:
-			goto st_case_19;
-			case 20:
-			goto st_case_20;
-			case 21:
-			goto st_case_21;
-			case 22:
-			goto st_case_22;
-			case 23:
-			goto st_case_23;
-			case 24:
-			goto st_case_24;
-			case 25:
-			goto st_case_25;
-			case 26:
-			goto st_case_26;
-			case 27:
-			goto st_case_27;
-			case 28:
-			goto st_case_28;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st1:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+st1:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof1;
-		st_case_1:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st1;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st1;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 45: {
-				goto ctr3;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-			case 73: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 78: {
-				goto st17;
-			}
-			case 91: {
-				goto ctr7;
-			}
-			case 102: {
-				goto st19;
-			}
-			case 110: {
-				goto st23;
-			}
-			case 116: {
-				goto st26;
-			}
-			case 123: {
-				goto ctr11;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 10 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto ctr3;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 9 ) {
-			goto st1;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		ctr2:
-		{
-			#line 235 "parser.rl"
-
-			char *np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, result);
-			if (np == NULL) { {p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr3:
-		{
-			#line 240 "parser.rl"
-
-			char *np;
-			if(pe > p + 8 && !strncmp(MinusInfinity, p, 9)) {
-				if (json->allow_nan) {
-					*result = CMinusInfinity;
-					{p = (( p + 10))-1;}
-
-					{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 29; goto _out;}
-				} else {
-					rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p);
-				}
-			}
-			np = JSON_parse_float(json, p, pe, result);
-			if (np != NULL) {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-			np = JSON_parse_integer(json, p, pe, result);
-			if (np != NULL) {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 29; goto _out;}
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr7:
-		{
-			#line 258 "parser.rl"
-
-			char *np;
-			np = JSON_parse_array(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting + 1);
-			if (np == NULL) { {p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr11:
-		{
-			#line 264 "parser.rl"
-
-			char *np;
-			np =  JSON_parse_object(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting + 1);
-			if (np == NULL) { {p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr25:
-		{
-			#line 228 "parser.rl"
-
-			if (json->allow_nan) {
-				*result = CInfinity;
-			} else {
-				rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p - 8);
-			}
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr27:
-		{
-			#line 221 "parser.rl"
-
-			if (json->allow_nan) {
-				*result = CNaN;
-			} else {
-				rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p - 2);
-			}
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr31:
-		{
-			#line 215 "parser.rl"
-
-			*result = Qfalse;
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr34:
-		{
-			#line 212 "parser.rl"
-
-			*result = Qnil;
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		ctr37:
-		{
-			#line 218 "parser.rl"
-
-			*result = Qtrue;
-		}
-
-		goto st29;
-		st29:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 1:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st1;
+		case 32: goto st1;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr3;
+		case 47: goto st6;
+		case 73: goto st10;
+		case 78: goto st17;
+		case 91: goto tr7;
+		case 102: goto st19;
+		case 110: goto st23;
+		case 116: goto st26;
+		case 123: goto tr11;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr3;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st1;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+tr2:
+#line 235 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np = JSON_parse_string(json, p, pe, result);
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr3:
+#line 240 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np;
+        if(pe > p + 8 && !strncmp(MinusInfinity, p, 9)) {
+            if (json->allow_nan) {
+                *result = CMinusInfinity;
+                {p = (( p + 10))-1;}
+                p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;}
+            } else {
+                rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p);
+            }
+        }
+        np = JSON_parse_float(json, p, pe, result);
+        if (np != NULL) {p = (( np))-1;}
+        np = JSON_parse_integer(json, p, pe, result);
+        if (np != NULL) {p = (( np))-1;}
+        p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;}
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr7:
+#line 258 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np;
+        np = JSON_parse_array(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting + 1);
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr11:
+#line 264 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np;
+        np =  JSON_parse_object(json, p, pe, result, current_nesting + 1);
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr25:
+#line 228 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        if (json->allow_nan) {
+            *result = CInfinity;
+        } else {
+            rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p - 7);
+        }
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr27:
+#line 221 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        if (json->allow_nan) {
+            *result = CNaN;
+        } else {
+            rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p - 2);
+        }
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr31:
+#line 215 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        *result = Qfalse;
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr34:
+#line 212 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        *result = Qnil;
+    }
+	goto st29;
+tr37:
+#line 218 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        *result = Qtrue;
+    }
+	goto st29;
+st29:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof29;
-		st_case_29:
-		{
-			#line 270 "parser.rl"
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 29; goto _out;} }
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st29;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st29;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st29;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 29:
+#line 270 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 29; goto _out;} }
+#line 629 "parser.c"
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st29;
+		case 32: goto st29;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st29;
+	goto st0;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st3;
+		case 47: goto st5;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st4;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st4;
+	goto st3;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st29;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 4:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st4;
+		case 47: goto st29;
+	}
+	goto st3;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st29;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		st6:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 5:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st29;
+	goto st5;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
-		st_case_6:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st7;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st9;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st7:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 6:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st7;
+		case 47: goto st9;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
-		st_case_7:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st8;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		st8:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 7:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st7;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
-		st_case_8:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st1;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		st9:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 8:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st8;
+		case 47: goto st1;
+	}
+	goto st7;
+st9:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
-		st_case_9:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st1;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st9;
-		}
-		st10:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 9:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st1;
+	goto st9;
+st10:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof10;
-		st_case_10:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 110 ) {
-			goto st11;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st11:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 10:
+	if ( (*p) == 110 )
+		goto st11;
+	goto st0;
+st11:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof11;
-		st_case_11:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 102 ) {
-			goto st12;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st12:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 11:
+	if ( (*p) == 102 )
+		goto st12;
+	goto st0;
+st12:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof12;
-		st_case_12:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 105 ) {
-			goto st13;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st13:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 12:
+	if ( (*p) == 105 )
+		goto st13;
+	goto st0;
+st13:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof13;
-		st_case_13:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 110 ) {
-			goto st14;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st14:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 13:
+	if ( (*p) == 110 )
+		goto st14;
+	goto st0;
+st14:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof14;
-		st_case_14:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 105 ) {
-			goto st15;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st15:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 14:
+	if ( (*p) == 105 )
+		goto st15;
+	goto st0;
+st15:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof15;
-		st_case_15:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 116 ) {
-			goto st16;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st16:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 15:
+	if ( (*p) == 116 )
+		goto st16;
+	goto st0;
+st16:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof16;
-		st_case_16:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 121 ) {
-			goto ctr25;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st17:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 16:
+	if ( (*p) == 121 )
+		goto tr25;
+	goto st0;
+st17:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof17;
-		st_case_17:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 97 ) {
-			goto st18;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st18:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 17:
+	if ( (*p) == 97 )
+		goto st18;
+	goto st0;
+st18:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof18;
-		st_case_18:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 78 ) {
-			goto ctr27;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st19:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 18:
+	if ( (*p) == 78 )
+		goto tr27;
+	goto st0;
+st19:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof19;
-		st_case_19:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 97 ) {
-			goto st20;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st20:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 19:
+	if ( (*p) == 97 )
+		goto st20;
+	goto st0;
+st20:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof20;
-		st_case_20:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 108 ) {
-			goto st21;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st21:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 20:
+	if ( (*p) == 108 )
+		goto st21;
+	goto st0;
+st21:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof21;
-		st_case_21:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 115 ) {
-			goto st22;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st22:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 21:
+	if ( (*p) == 115 )
+		goto st22;
+	goto st0;
+st22:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof22;
-		st_case_22:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 101 ) {
-			goto ctr31;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st23:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 22:
+	if ( (*p) == 101 )
+		goto tr31;
+	goto st0;
+st23:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof23;
-		st_case_23:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 117 ) {
-			goto st24;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st24:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 23:
+	if ( (*p) == 117 )
+		goto st24;
+	goto st0;
+st24:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof24;
-		st_case_24:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 108 ) {
-			goto st25;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st25:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 24:
+	if ( (*p) == 108 )
+		goto st25;
+	goto st0;
+st25:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof25;
-		st_case_25:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 108 ) {
-			goto ctr34;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st26:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 25:
+	if ( (*p) == 108 )
+		goto tr34;
+	goto st0;
+st26:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof26;
-		st_case_26:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 114 ) {
-			goto st27;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st27:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 26:
+	if ( (*p) == 114 )
+		goto st27;
+	goto st0;
+st27:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof27;
-		st_case_27:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 117 ) {
-			goto st28;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st28:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 27:
+	if ( (*p) == 117 )
+		goto st28;
+	goto st0;
+st28:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof28;
-		st_case_28:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 101 ) {
-			goto ctr37;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof1: cs = 1; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof29: cs = 29; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof18: cs = 18; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof19: cs = 19; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof20: cs = 20; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof21: cs = 21; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof22: cs = 22; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof23: cs = 23; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof24: cs = 24; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof25: cs = 25; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof26: cs = 26; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof27: cs = 27; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof28: cs = 28; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 291 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if (json->freeze) {
-		OBJ_FREEZE(*result);
-	}
-
-	if (cs >= JSON_value_first_final) {
-		return p;
-	} else {
-		return NULL;
+case 28:
+	if ( (*p) == 101 )
+		goto tr37;
+	goto st0;
+	}
+	_test_eof1: cs = 1; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof29: cs = 29; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof18: cs = 18; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof19: cs = 19; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof20: cs = 20; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof21: cs = 21; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof22: cs = 22; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof23: cs = 23; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof24: cs = 24; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof25: cs = 25; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof26: cs = 26; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof27: cs = 27; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof28: cs = 28; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
 	}
+
+#line 291 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (json->freeze) {
+        OBJ_FREEZE(*result);
+    }
+
+    if (cs >= JSON_value_first_final) {
+        return p;
+    } else {
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 
+#line 884 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_integer_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_integer_first_final = 3};
 enum {JSON_integer_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_integer_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_integer_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_integer_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_integer_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_integer_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
 
 #line 311 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_integer(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result)
 {
-	int cs = EVIL;
+    int cs = EVIL;
 
 
+#line 900 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_integer_start;
+	cs = JSON_integer_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 318 "parser.rl"
-
-	json->memo = p;
+#line 318 "parser.rl"
+    json->memo = p;
 
+#line 908 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st_case_1:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 45: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-			case 48: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 49 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+case 1:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 45: goto st2;
+		case 48: goto st3;
+	}
+	if ( 49 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st5;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 48 ) {
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		if ( 49 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	if ( (*p) == 48 )
+		goto st3;
+	if ( 49 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st5;
+	goto st0;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		{
-			goto ctr4;
-		}
-		ctr4:
-		{
-			#line 308 "parser.rl"
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 4; goto _out;} }
-
-		goto st4;
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+	if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st0;
+	goto tr4;
+tr4:
+#line 308 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 4; goto _out;} }
+	goto st4;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 4:
+#line 949 "parser.c"
+	goto st0;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		{
-			goto ctr4;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 320 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if (cs >= JSON_integer_first_final) {
-		long len = p - json->memo;
-		fbuffer_clear(json->fbuffer);
-		fbuffer_append(json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
-		fbuffer_append_char(json->fbuffer, '\0');
-		*result = rb_cstr2inum(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer), 10);
-		return p + 1;
-	} else {
-		return NULL;
+case 5:
+	if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st5;
+	goto tr4;
+	}
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
 	}
+
+#line 320 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (cs >= JSON_integer_first_final) {
+        long len = p - json->memo;
+        fbuffer_clear(json->fbuffer);
+        fbuffer_append(json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
+        fbuffer_append_char(json->fbuffer, '\0');
+        *result = rb_cstr2inum(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer), 10);
+        return p + 1;
+    } else {
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 
+#line 983 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_float_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_float_first_final = 8};
 enum {JSON_float_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_float_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_float_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_float_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_float_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_float_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
 
 #line 345 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_float(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result)
 {
-	int cs = EVIL;
+    int cs = EVIL;
 
 
+#line 999 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_float_start;
+	cs = JSON_float_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 352 "parser.rl"
-
-	json->memo = p;
+#line 352 "parser.rl"
+    json->memo = p;
 
+#line 1007 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 8:
-			goto st_case_8;
-			case 9:
-			goto st_case_9;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-			case 6:
-			goto st_case_6;
-			case 10:
-			goto st_case_10;
-			case 7:
-			goto st_case_7;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st_case_1:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 45: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-			case 48: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 49 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+case 1:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 45: goto st2;
+		case 48: goto st3;
+	}
+	if ( 49 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st7;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 48 ) {
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		if ( 49 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	if ( (*p) == 48 )
+		goto st3;
+	if ( 49 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st7;
+	goto st0;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 46: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 69: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-			case 101: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 46: goto st4;
+		case 69: goto st5;
+		case 101: goto st5;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st8;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st8:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 4:
+	if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st0;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
-		st_case_8:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 69: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-			case 101: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 46 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 45 ) {
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		{
-			goto ctr9;
-		}
-		ctr9:
-		{
-			#line 339 "parser.rl"
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 9; goto _out;} }
-
-		goto st9;
-		st9:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 8:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 69: goto st5;
+		case 101: goto st5;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 46 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto st8;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 45 )
+		goto st0;
+	goto tr9;
+tr9:
+#line 339 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 9; goto _out;} }
+	goto st9;
+st9:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
-		st_case_9:
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 9:
+#line 1072 "parser.c"
+	goto st0;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 43: {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-			case 45: {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st6:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 5:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 43: goto st6;
+		case 45: goto st6;
+	}
+	if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
-		st_case_6:
-		if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st10:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 6:
+	if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+st10:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof10;
-		st_case_10:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 69: {
-				goto st0;
-			}
-			case 101: {
-				goto st0;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 46 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 45 ) {
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		{
-			goto ctr9;
-		}
-		st7:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 10:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 69: goto st0;
+		case 101: goto st0;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 46 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto st10;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 45 )
+		goto st0;
+	goto tr9;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
-		st_case_7:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 46: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 69: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-			case 101: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 354 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if (cs >= JSON_float_first_final) {
-		VALUE mod = Qnil;
-		ID method_id = 0;
-		if (rb_respond_to(json->decimal_class, i_try_convert)) {
-			mod = json->decimal_class;
-			method_id = i_try_convert;
-		} else if (rb_respond_to(json->decimal_class, i_new)) {
-			mod = json->decimal_class;
-			method_id = i_new;
-		} else if (RB_TYPE_P(json->decimal_class, T_CLASS)) {
-			VALUE name = rb_class_name(json->decimal_class);
-			const char *name_cstr = RSTRING_PTR(name);
-			const char *last_colon = strrchr(name_cstr, ':');
-			if (last_colon) {
-				const char *mod_path_end = last_colon - 1;
-				VALUE mod_path = rb_str_substr(name, 0, mod_path_end - name_cstr);
-				mod = rb_path_to_class(mod_path);
-
-				const char *method_name_beg = last_colon + 1;
-				long before_len = method_name_beg - name_cstr;
-				long len = RSTRING_LEN(name) - before_len;
-				VALUE method_name = rb_str_substr(name, before_len, len);
-				method_id = SYM2ID(rb_str_intern(method_name));
-			} else {
-				mod = rb_mKernel;
-				method_id = SYM2ID(rb_str_intern(name));
-			}
-		}
-
-		long len = p - json->memo;
-		fbuffer_clear(json->fbuffer);
-		fbuffer_append(json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
-		fbuffer_append_char(json->fbuffer, '\0');
-
-		if (method_id) {
-			VALUE text = rb_str_new2(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer));
-			*result = rb_funcallv(mod, method_id, 1, &text);
-		} else {
-			*result = DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer), 1));
-		}
-
-		return p + 1;
-	} else {
-		return NULL;
+case 7:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 46: goto st4;
+		case 69: goto st5;
+		case 101: goto st5;
+	}
+	if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+		goto st7;
+	goto st0;
+	}
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
 	}
+
+#line 354 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (cs >= JSON_float_first_final) {
+        VALUE mod = Qnil;
+        ID method_id = 0;
+        if (rb_respond_to(json->decimal_class, i_try_convert)) {
+            mod = json->decimal_class;
+            method_id = i_try_convert;
+        } else if (rb_respond_to(json->decimal_class, i_new)) {
+            mod = json->decimal_class;
+            method_id = i_new;
+        } else if (RB_TYPE_P(json->decimal_class, T_CLASS)) {
+            VALUE name = rb_class_name(json->decimal_class);
+            const char *name_cstr = RSTRING_PTR(name);
+            const char *last_colon = strrchr(name_cstr, ':');
+            if (last_colon) {
+                const char *mod_path_end = last_colon - 1;
+                VALUE mod_path = rb_str_substr(name, 0, mod_path_end - name_cstr);
+                mod = rb_path_to_class(mod_path);
+
+                const char *method_name_beg = last_colon + 1;
+                long before_len = method_name_beg - name_cstr;
+                long len = RSTRING_LEN(name) - before_len;
+                VALUE method_name = rb_str_substr(name, before_len, len);
+                method_id = SYM2ID(rb_str_intern(method_name));
+            } else {
+                mod = rb_mKernel;
+                method_id = SYM2ID(rb_str_intern(name));
+            }
+        }
+
+        long len = p - json->memo;
+        fbuffer_clear(json->fbuffer);
+        fbuffer_append(json->fbuffer, json->memo, len);
+        fbuffer_append_char(json->fbuffer, '\0');
+
+        if (method_id) {
+            VALUE text = rb_str_new2(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer));
+            *result = rb_funcallv(mod, method_id, 1, &text);
+        } else {
+            *result = DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(FBUFFER_PTR(json->fbuffer), 1));
+        }
+
+        return p + 1;
+    } else {
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 
 
+#line 1184 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_array_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_array_first_final = 17};
 enum {JSON_array_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_array_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_array_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_array_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_array_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_array_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
 
 #line 432 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static char *JSON_parse_array(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result, int current_nesting)
 {
-	int cs = EVIL;
-	VALUE array_class = json->array_class;
+    int cs = EVIL;
+    VALUE array_class = json->array_class;
 
-	if (json->max_nesting && current_nesting > json->max_nesting) {
-		rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", current_nesting);
-	}
-	*result = NIL_P(array_class) ? rb_ary_new() : rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, array_class);
+    if (json->max_nesting && current_nesting > json->max_nesting) {
+        rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", current_nesting);
+    }
+    *result = NIL_P(array_class) ? rb_ary_new() : rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, array_class);
 
 
+#line 1206 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_array_start;
+	cs = JSON_array_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 445 "parser.rl"
-
+#line 445 "parser.rl"
 
+#line 1213 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-			case 6:
-			goto st_case_6;
-			case 7:
-			goto st_case_7;
-			case 8:
-			goto st_case_8;
-			case 9:
-			goto st_case_9;
-			case 10:
-			goto st_case_10;
-			case 11:
-			goto st_case_11;
-			case 12:
-			goto st_case_12;
-			case 17:
-			goto st_case_17;
-			case 13:
-			goto st_case_13;
-			case 14:
-			goto st_case_14;
-			case 15:
-			goto st_case_15;
-			case 16:
-			goto st_case_16;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st_case_1:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 91 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+case 1:
+	if ( (*p) == 91 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 45: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st13;
-			}
-			case 73: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 78: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 91: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 93: {
-				goto ctr4;
-			}
-			case 102: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 110: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 116: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 123: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 10 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 9 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		ctr2:
-		{
-			#line 409 "parser.rl"
-
-			VALUE v = Qnil;
-			char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &v, current_nesting);
-			if (np == NULL) {
-				{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 3; goto _out;}
-			} else {
-				if (NIL_P(json->array_class)) {
-					rb_ary_push(*result, v);
-				} else {
-					rb_funcall(*result, i_leftshift, 1, v);
-				}
-				{p = (( np))-1;}
-
-			}
-		}
-
-		goto st3;
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st2;
+		case 32: goto st2;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st13;
+		case 73: goto tr2;
+		case 78: goto tr2;
+		case 91: goto tr2;
+		case 93: goto tr4;
+		case 102: goto tr2;
+		case 110: goto tr2;
+		case 116: goto tr2;
+		case 123: goto tr2;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr2;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st0;
+tr2:
+#line 409 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        VALUE v = Qnil;
+        char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &v, current_nesting);
+        if (np == NULL) {
+            p--; {p++; cs = 3; goto _out;}
+        } else {
+            if (NIL_P(json->array_class)) {
+                rb_ary_push(*result, v);
+            } else {
+                rb_funcall(*result, i_leftshift, 1, v);
+            }
+            {p = (( np))-1;}
+        }
+    }
+	goto st3;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-			case 44: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st9;
-			}
-			case 93: {
-				goto ctr4;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+#line 1272 "parser.c"
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st3;
+		case 32: goto st3;
+		case 44: goto st4;
+		case 47: goto st9;
+		case 93: goto tr4;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st3;
+	goto st0;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 45: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-			case 73: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 78: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 91: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 102: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 110: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 116: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 123: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 10 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 9 ) {
-			goto st4;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 4:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st4;
+		case 32: goto st4;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st5;
+		case 73: goto tr2;
+		case 78: goto tr2;
+		case 91: goto tr2;
+		case 102: goto tr2;
+		case 110: goto tr2;
+		case 116: goto tr2;
+		case 123: goto tr2;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr2;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st4;
+	goto st0;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st6:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 5:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st6;
+		case 47: goto st8;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
-		st_case_6:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st6;
-		}
-		st7:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 6:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st7;
+	goto st6;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
-		st_case_7:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st7;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st6;
-		}
-		st8:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 7:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st7;
+		case 47: goto st4;
+	}
+	goto st6;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
-		st_case_8:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st4;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st8;
-		}
-		st9:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 8:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st4;
+	goto st8;
+st9:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
-		st_case_9:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st12;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st10:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 9:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st10;
+		case 47: goto st12;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st10:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof10;
-		st_case_10:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st11;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		st11:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 10:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st11;
+	goto st10;
+st11:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof11;
-		st_case_11:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st11;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		st12:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 11:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st11;
+		case 47: goto st3;
+	}
+	goto st10;
+st12:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof12;
-		st_case_12:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st12;
-		}
-		ctr4:
-		{
-			#line 424 "parser.rl"
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 17; goto _out;} }
-
-		goto st17;
-		st17:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 12:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st3;
+	goto st12;
+tr4:
+#line 424 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 17; goto _out;} }
+	goto st17;
+st17:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof17;
-		st_case_17:
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st13:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 17:
+#line 1379 "parser.c"
+	goto st0;
+st13:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof13;
-		st_case_13:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st14;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st16;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st14:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 13:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st14;
+		case 47: goto st16;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st14:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof14;
-		st_case_14:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st15;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st14;
-		}
-		st15:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 14:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st15;
+	goto st14;
+st15:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof15;
-		st_case_15:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st15;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st14;
-		}
-		st16:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 15:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st15;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	goto st14;
+st16:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof16;
-		st_case_16:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st16;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 446 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if(cs >= JSON_array_first_final) {
-		return p + 1;
-	} else {
-		rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p);
-		return NULL;
+case 16:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st16;
 	}
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof11: cs = 11; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof12: cs = 12; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof17: cs = 17; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof13: cs = 13; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof14: cs = 14; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof15: cs = 15; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof16: cs = 16; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
+	}
+
+#line 446 "parser.rl"
+
+    if(cs >= JSON_array_first_final) {
+        return p + 1;
+    } else {
+        rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p);
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 static const size_t MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE = 128;
 static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int symbolize)
 {
-	VALUE result = Qnil;
-	size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
-	char *p = string, *pe = string, *unescape, *bufferStart, *buffer;
-	int unescape_len;
-	char buf[4];
+    VALUE result = Qnil;
+    size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
+    char *p = string, *pe = string, *unescape, *bufferStart, *buffer;
+    int unescape_len;
+    char buf[4];
 
-	if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+    if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
 # ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
-		bufferStart = buffer = ALLOC_N(char, bufferSize ? bufferSize : 1);
+      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOC_N(char, bufferSize ? bufferSize : 1);
 # else
-		bufferStart = buffer = ALLOC_N(char, bufferSize);
+      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOC_N(char, bufferSize);
 # endif
-	} else {
+    } else {
 # ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
-		bufferStart = buffer = ALLOCA_N(char, bufferSize ? bufferSize : 1);
+      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOCA_N(char, bufferSize ? bufferSize : 1);
 # else
-		bufferStart = buffer = ALLOCA_N(char, bufferSize);
+      bufferStart = buffer = ALLOCA_N(char, bufferSize);
 # endif
-	}
-
-	while (pe < stringEnd) {
-		if (*pe == '\\') {
-			unescape = (char *) "?";
-			unescape_len = 1;
-			if (pe > p) {
-				MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, pe - p);
-				buffer += pe - p;
-			}
-			switch (*++pe) {
-				case 'n':
-				unescape = (char *) "\n";
-				break;
-				case 'r':
-				unescape = (char *) "\r";
-				break;
-				case 't':
-				unescape = (char *) "\t";
-				break;
-				case '"':
-				unescape = (char *) "\"";
-				break;
-				case '\\':
-				unescape = (char *) "\\";
-				break;
-				case 'b':
-				unescape = (char *) "\b";
-				break;
-				case 'f':
-				unescape = (char *) "\f";
-				break;
-				case 'u':
-				if (pe > stringEnd - 4) {
-					if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-						free(bufferStart);
-					}
-					rb_enc_raise(
-					EXC_ENCODING eParserError,
-					"incomplete unicode character escape sequence at '%s'", p
-					);
-				} else {
-					UTF32 ch = unescape_unicode((unsigned char *) ++pe);
-					pe += 3;
-					if (UNI_SUR_HIGH_START == (ch & 0xFC00)) {
-						pe++;
-						if (pe > stringEnd - 6) {
-							if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-								free(bufferStart);
-							}
-							rb_enc_raise(
-							EXC_ENCODING eParserError,
-							"incomplete surrogate pair at '%s'", p
-							);
-						}
-						if (pe[0] == '\\' && pe[1] == 'u') {
-							UTF32 sur = unescape_unicode((unsigned char *) pe + 2);
-							ch = (((ch & 0x3F) << 10) | ((((ch >> 6) & 0xF) + 1) << 16)
-							| (sur & 0x3FF));
-							pe += 5;
-						} else {
-							unescape = (char *) "?";
-							break;
-						}
-					}
-					unescape_len = convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(buf, ch);
-					unescape = buf;
-				}
-				break;
-				default:
-				p = pe;
-				continue;
-			}
-			MEMCPY(buffer, unescape, char, unescape_len);
-			buffer += unescape_len;
-			p = ++pe;
-		} else {
-			pe++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (pe > p) {
-		MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, pe - p);
-		buffer += pe - p;
-	}
-
-	# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
-	if (intern) {
-		result = rb_enc_interned_str(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart), rb_utf8_encoding());
-	} else {
-		result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
-	}
-	if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-		free(bufferStart);
-	}
-	# else
-	result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
+    }
+
+    while (pe < stringEnd) {
+        if (*pe == '\\') {
+            unescape = (char *) "?";
+            unescape_len = 1;
+            if (pe > p) {
+              MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, pe - p);
+              buffer += pe - p;
+            }
+            switch (*++pe) {
+                case 'n':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\n";
+                    break;
+                case 'r':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\r";
+                    break;
+                case 't':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\t";
+                    break;
+                case '"':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\"";
+                    break;
+                case '\\':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\\";
+                    break;
+                case 'b':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\b";
+                    break;
+                case 'f':
+                    unescape = (char *) "\f";
+                    break;
+                case 'u':
+                    if (pe > stringEnd - 4) {
+                      if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+                        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
+                      }
+                      rb_enc_raise(
+                        EXC_ENCODING eParserError,
+                        "incomplete unicode character escape sequence at '%s'", p
+                      );
+                    } else {
+                        UTF32 ch = unescape_unicode((unsigned char *) ++pe);
+                        pe += 3;
+                        if (UNI_SUR_HIGH_START == (ch & 0xFC00)) {
+                            pe++;
+                            if (pe > stringEnd - 6) {
+                              if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+                                ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
+                              }
+                              rb_enc_raise(
+                                EXC_ENCODING eParserError,
+                                "incomplete surrogate pair at '%s'", p
+                                );
+                            }
+                            if (pe[0] == '\\' && pe[1] == 'u') {
+                                UTF32 sur = unescape_unicode((unsigned char *) pe + 2);
+                                ch = (((ch & 0x3F) << 10) | ((((ch >> 6) & 0xF) + 1) << 16)
+                                        | (sur & 0x3FF));
+                                pe += 5;
+                            } else {
+                                unescape = (char *) "?";
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        unescape_len = convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(buf, ch);
+                        unescape = buf;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    p = pe;
+                    continue;
+            }
+            MEMCPY(buffer, unescape, char, unescape_len);
+            buffer += unescape_len;
+            p = ++pe;
+        } else {
+            pe++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (pe > p) {
+      MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, pe - p);
+      buffer += pe - p;
+    }
 
-	if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-		free(bufferStart);
-	}
-
-	if (intern) {
-		# if STR_UMINUS_DEDUPE_FROZEN
-		// Starting from MRI 2.8 it is preferable to freeze the string
-		// before deduplication so that it can be interned directly
-		// otherwise it would be duplicated first which is wasteful.
-		result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
-		# elif STR_UMINUS_DEDUPE
-		// MRI 2.5 and older do not deduplicate strings that are already
-		// frozen.
-		result = rb_funcall(result, i_uminus, 0);
-		# else
-		result = rb_str_freeze(result);
-		# endif
-	}
-	# endif
+# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
+      if (intern) {
+        result = rb_enc_interned_str(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart), rb_utf8_encoding());
+      } else {
+        result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
+      }
+      if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
+      }
+# else
+      result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
+
+      if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
+      }
+
+      if (intern) {
+  # if STR_UMINUS_DEDUPE_FROZEN
+        // Starting from MRI 2.8 it is preferable to freeze the string
+        // before deduplication so that it can be interned directly
+        // otherwise it would be duplicated first which is wasteful.
+        result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
+  # elif STR_UMINUS_DEDUPE
+        // MRI 2.5 and older do not deduplicate strings that are already
+        // frozen.
+        result = rb_funcall(result, i_uminus, 0);
+  # else
+        result = rb_str_freeze(result);
+  # endif
+      }
+# endif
 
-	if (symbolize) {
-		result = rb_str_intern(result);
-	}
+    if (symbolize) {
+      result = rb_str_intern(result);
+    }
 
-	return result;
+    return result;
 }
 
 
+#line 1592 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_string_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_string_first_final = 8};
 enum {JSON_string_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_string_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_string_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_string_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0
-};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_string_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_string_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-
-#line 612 "parser.rl"
+#line 620 "parser.rl"
 
 
 static int
 match_i(VALUE regexp, VALUE klass, VALUE memo)
 {
-	if (regexp == Qundef) return ST_STOP;
-	if (RTEST(rb_funcall(klass, i_json_creatable_p, 0)) &&
-	RTEST(rb_funcall(regexp, i_match, 1, rb_ary_entry(memo, 0)))) {
-		rb_ary_push(memo, klass);
-		return ST_STOP;
-	}
-	return ST_CONTINUE;
+    if (regexp == Qundef) return ST_STOP;
+    if (RTEST(rb_funcall(klass, i_json_creatable_p, 0)) &&
+      RTEST(rb_funcall(regexp, i_match, 1, rb_ary_entry(memo, 0)))) {
+        rb_ary_push(memo, klass);
+        return ST_STOP;
+    }
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
 }
 
 static char *JSON_parse_string(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *result)
 {
-	int cs = EVIL;
-	VALUE match_string;
+    int cs = EVIL;
+    VALUE match_string;
 
 
+#line 1621 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_string_start;
+	cs = JSON_string_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 632 "parser.rl"
-
-	json->memo = p;
+#line 640 "parser.rl"
+    json->memo = p;
 
+#line 1629 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 8:
-			goto st_case_8;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-			case 6:
-			goto st_case_6;
-			case 7:
-			goto st_case_7;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st_case_1:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 34 ) {
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+case 1:
+	if ( (*p) == 34 )
+		goto st2;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 92: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 0 <= (signed char)(*(p)) && (*(p)) <= 31 ) {
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		ctr2:
-		{
-			#line 599 "parser.rl"
-
-			*result = json_string_unescape(json->memo + 1, p, json->parsing_name || json-> freeze, json->parsing_name && json->symbolize_names);
-			if (NIL_P(*result)) {
-				{p = p - 1; }
-				{p+= 1; cs = 8; goto _out;}
-			} else {
-				{p = (( p + 1))-1;}
-
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			#line 609 "parser.rl"
-			{p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 8; goto _out;} }
-
-		goto st8;
-		st8:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 92: goto st3;
+	}
+	if ( 0 <= (signed char)(*(p)) && (*(p)) <= 31 )
+		goto st0;
+	goto st2;
+tr2:
+#line 607 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        *result = json_string_unescape(json->memo + 1, p, json->parsing_name || json-> freeze, json->parsing_name && json->symbolize_names);
+        if (NIL_P(*result)) {
+            p--;
+            {p++; cs = 8; goto _out;}
+        } else {
+            {p = (( p + 1))-1;}
+        }
+    }
+#line 617 "parser.rl"
+	{ p--; {p++; cs = 8; goto _out;} }
+	goto st8;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
-		st_case_8:
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 8:
+#line 1671 "parser.c"
+	goto st0;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 117 ) {
-			goto st4;
-		}
-		if ( 0 <= (signed char)(*(p)) && (*(p)) <= 31 ) {
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st2;
-		}
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+	if ( (*p) == 117 )
+		goto st4;
+	if ( 0 <= (signed char)(*(p)) && (*(p)) <= 31 )
+		goto st0;
+	goto st2;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) < 65 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) > 70 ) {
-			if ( 97 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 102 ) {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		} else {
+case 4:
+	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
 			goto st5;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
+		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
+			goto st5;
+	} else
+		goto st5;
+	goto st0;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) < 65 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) > 70 ) {
-			if ( 97 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 102 ) {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-		} else {
+case 5:
+	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto st6;
+	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
+		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
 			goto st6;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st6:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	} else
+		goto st6;
+	goto st0;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
-		st_case_6:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) < 65 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto st7;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) > 70 ) {
-			if ( 97 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 102 ) {
-				goto st7;
-			}
-		} else {
+case 6:
+	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
 			goto st7;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st7:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
+		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
+			goto st7;
+	} else
+		goto st7;
+	goto st0;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
-		st_case_7:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) < 65 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) > 70 ) {
-			if ( 97 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 102 ) {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-		} else {
+case 7:
+	if ( (*p) < 65 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
 			goto st2;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 634 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if (json->create_additions && RTEST(match_string = json->match_string)) {
-		VALUE klass;
-		VALUE memo = rb_ary_new2(2);
-		rb_ary_push(memo, *result);
-		rb_hash_foreach(match_string, match_i, memo);
-		klass = rb_ary_entry(memo, 1);
-		if (RTEST(klass)) {
-			*result = rb_funcall(klass, i_json_create, 1, *result);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (cs >= JSON_string_first_final) {
-		return p + 1;
-	} else {
-		return NULL;
+	} else if ( (*p) > 70 ) {
+		if ( 97 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 102 )
+			goto st2;
+	} else
+		goto st2;
+	goto st0;
 	}
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
+	}
+
+#line 642 "parser.rl"
+
+    if (json->create_additions && RTEST(match_string = json->match_string)) {
+          VALUE klass;
+          VALUE memo = rb_ary_new2(2);
+          rb_ary_push(memo, *result);
+          rb_hash_foreach(match_string, match_i, memo);
+          klass = rb_ary_entry(memo, 1);
+          if (RTEST(klass)) {
+              *result = rb_funcall(klass, i_json_create, 1, *result);
+          }
+    }
+
+    if (cs >= JSON_string_first_final) {
+        return p + 1;
+    } else {
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 /*
-* Document-class: JSON::Ext::Parser
-*
-* This is the JSON parser implemented as a C extension. It can be configured
-* to be used by setting
-*
-*  JSON.parser = JSON::Ext::Parser
-*
-* with the method parser= in JSON.
-*
-*/
+ * Document-class: JSON::Ext::Parser
+ *
+ * This is the JSON parser implemented as a C extension. It can be configured
+ * to be used by setting
+ *
+ *  JSON.parser = JSON::Ext::Parser
+ *
+ * with the method parser= in JSON.
+ *
+ */
 
 static VALUE convert_encoding(VALUE source)
 {
-	#ifdef HAVE_RUBY_ENCODING_H
-	rb_encoding *enc = rb_enc_get(source);
-	if (enc == rb_ascii8bit_encoding()) {
-		if (OBJ_FROZEN(source)) {
-			source = rb_str_dup(source);
-		}
-		FORCE_UTF8(source);
-	} else {
-		source = rb_str_conv_enc(source, rb_enc_get(source), rb_utf8_encoding());
-	}
-	#endif
-	return source;
+#ifdef HAVE_RUBY_ENCODING_H
+  rb_encoding *enc = rb_enc_get(source);
+  if (enc == rb_ascii8bit_encoding()) {
+    if (OBJ_FROZEN(source)) {
+      source = rb_str_dup(source);
+    }
+    FORCE_UTF8(source);
+  } else {
+    source = rb_str_conv_enc(source, rb_enc_get(source), rb_utf8_encoding());
+  }
+#endif
+    return source;
 }
 
 /*
-* call-seq: new(source, opts => {})
-*
-* Creates a new JSON::Ext::Parser instance for the string _source_.
-*
-* Creates a new JSON::Ext::Parser instance for the string _source_.
-*
-* It will be configured by the _opts_ hash. _opts_ can have the following
-* keys:
-*
-* _opts_ can have the following keys:
-* * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
-*   structures. Disable depth checking with :max_nesting => false|nil|0, it
-*   defaults to 100.
-* * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity and -Infinity in
-*   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults to
-*   false.
-* * *symbolize_names*: If set to true, returns symbols for the names
-*   (keys) in a JSON object. Otherwise strings are returned, which is
-*   also the default. It's not possible to use this option in
-*   conjunction with the *create_additions* option.
-* * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
-*   additions even if a matching class and create_id was found. This option
-*   defaults to false.
-* * *object_class*: Defaults to Hash
-* * *array_class*: Defaults to Array
-*/
+ * call-seq: new(source, opts => {})
+ *
+ * Creates a new JSON::Ext::Parser instance for the string _source_.
+ *
+ * It will be configured by the _opts_ hash. _opts_ can have the following
+ * keys:
+ *
+ * _opts_ can have the following keys:
+ * * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
+ *   structures. Disable depth checking with :max_nesting => false|nil|0, it
+ *   defaults to 100.
+ * * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity and -Infinity in
+ *   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults to
+ *   false.
+ * * *symbolize_names*: If set to true, returns symbols for the names
+ *   (keys) in a JSON object. Otherwise strings are returned, which is
+ *   also the default. It's not possible to use this option in
+ *   conjunction with the *create_additions* option.
+ * * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
+ *   additions even if a matching class and create_id was found. This option
+ *   defaults to false.
+ * * *object_class*: Defaults to Hash
+ * * *array_class*: Defaults to Array
+ */
 static VALUE cParser_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-	VALUE source, opts;
-	GET_PARSER_INIT;
-
-	if (json->Vsource) {
-		rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "already initialized instance");
-	}
-	#ifdef HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH
-	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1:", &source, &opts);
-	#else
-	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &source, &opts);
-	#endif
-	if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
-		#ifndef HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH
-		opts = rb_convert_type(opts, T_HASH, "Hash", "to_hash");
-		if (NIL_P(opts)) {
-			rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "opts needs to be like a hash");
-		} else {
-			#endif
-			VALUE tmp = ID2SYM(i_max_nesting);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				VALUE max_nesting = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-				if (RTEST(max_nesting)) {
-					Check_Type(max_nesting, T_FIXNUM);
-					json->max_nesting = FIX2INT(max_nesting);
-				} else {
-					json->max_nesting = 0;
-				}
-			} else {
-				json->max_nesting = 100;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_allow_nan);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->allow_nan = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-			} else {
-				json->allow_nan = 0;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_symbolize_names);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->symbolize_names = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-			} else {
-				json->symbolize_names = 0;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_freeze);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->freeze = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-			} else {
-				json->freeze = 0;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_additions);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->create_additions = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp));
-			} else {
-				json->create_additions = 0;
-			}
-			if (json->symbolize_names && json->create_additions) {
-				rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-				"options :symbolize_names and :create_additions cannot be "
-				" used in conjunction");
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_id);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->create_id = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-			} else {
-				json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_object_class);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->object_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-			} else {
-				json->object_class = Qnil;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_array_class);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->array_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-			} else {
-				json->array_class = Qnil;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_decimal_class);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				json->decimal_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-			} else {
-				json->decimal_class = Qnil;
-			}
-			tmp = ID2SYM(i_match_string);
-			if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-				VALUE match_string = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-				json->match_string = RTEST(match_string) ? match_string : Qnil;
-			} else {
-				json->match_string = Qnil;
-			}
-			#ifndef HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH
-		}
-		#endif
+    VALUE source, opts;
+    GET_PARSER_INIT;
+
+    if (json->Vsource) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "already initialized instance");
+    }
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1:", &source, &opts);
+    if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
+	VALUE tmp = ID2SYM(i_max_nesting);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    VALUE max_nesting = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	    if (RTEST(max_nesting)) {
+		Check_Type(max_nesting, T_FIXNUM);
+		json->max_nesting = FIX2INT(max_nesting);
+	    } else {
+		json->max_nesting = 0;
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    json->max_nesting = 100;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_allow_nan);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->allow_nan = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
+	} else {
+	    json->allow_nan = 0;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_symbolize_names);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->symbolize_names = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
+	} else {
+	    json->symbolize_names = 0;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_freeze);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->freeze = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
+	} else {
+	    json->freeze = 0;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_additions);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->create_additions = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp));
+	} else {
+	    json->create_additions = 0;
+	}
+	if (json->symbolize_names && json->create_additions) {
+	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
+		     "options :symbolize_names and :create_additions cannot be "
+		     " used in conjunction");
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_id);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->create_id = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_object_class);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->object_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->object_class = Qnil;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_array_class);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->array_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->array_class = Qnil;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_decimal_class);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->decimal_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
 	} else {
-		json->max_nesting = 100;
-		json->allow_nan = 0;
-		json->create_additions = 0;
-		json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
-		json->object_class = Qnil;
-		json->array_class = Qnil;
-		json->decimal_class = Qnil;
-	}
-	source = convert_encoding(StringValue(source));
-	StringValue(source);
-	json->len = RSTRING_LEN(source);
-	json->source = RSTRING_PTR(source);;
-	json->Vsource = source;
-	return self;
+	    json->decimal_class = Qnil;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_match_string);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    VALUE match_string = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	    json->match_string = RTEST(match_string) ? match_string : Qnil;
+	} else {
+	    json->match_string = Qnil;
+	}
+    } else {
+        json->max_nesting = 100;
+        json->allow_nan = 0;
+        json->create_additions = 0;
+        json->create_id = Qnil;
+        json->object_class = Qnil;
+        json->array_class = Qnil;
+        json->decimal_class = Qnil;
+    }
+    source = convert_encoding(StringValue(source));
+    StringValue(source);
+    json->len = RSTRING_LEN(source);
+    json->source = RSTRING_PTR(source);;
+    json->Vsource = source;
+    return self;
 }
 
 
+#line 1920 "parser.c"
 enum {JSON_start = 1};
 enum {JSON_first_final = 10};
 enum {JSON_error = 0};
 
 enum {JSON_en_main = 1};
 
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_nfa_targs)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_nfa_offsets)[] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_nfa_push_actions)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
-static const char MAYBE_UNUSED(_JSON_nfa_pop_trans)[] = {
-	0, 0
-};
-
 
-#line 835 "parser.rl"
+#line 828 "parser.rl"
 
 
 /*
-* call-seq: parse()
-*
-*  Parses the current JSON text _source_ and returns the complete data
-*  structure as a result.
-*  It raises JSON::ParseError if fail to parse.
-*/
+ * call-seq: parse()
+ *
+ *  Parses the current JSON text _source_ and returns the complete data
+ *  structure as a result.
+ *  It raises JSON::ParserError if fail to parse.
+ */
 static VALUE cParser_parse(VALUE self)
 {
-	char *p, *pe;
-	int cs = EVIL;
-	VALUE result = Qnil;
-	GET_PARSER;
+  char *p, *pe;
+  int cs = EVIL;
+  VALUE result = Qnil;
+  GET_PARSER;
 
 
+#line 1946 "parser.c"
 	{
-		cs = (int)JSON_start;
+	cs = JSON_start;
 	}
 
-	#line 851 "parser.rl"
-
-	p = json->source;
-	pe = p + json->len;
+#line 845 "parser.rl"
+  p = json->source;
+  pe = p + json->len;
 
+#line 1955 "parser.c"
 	{
-		if ( p == pe )
+	if ( p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof;
-		switch ( cs )
-		{
-			case 1:
-			goto st_case_1;
-			case 0:
-			goto st_case_0;
-			case 10:
-			goto st_case_10;
-			case 2:
-			goto st_case_2;
-			case 3:
-			goto st_case_3;
-			case 4:
-			goto st_case_4;
-			case 5:
-			goto st_case_5;
-			case 6:
-			goto st_case_6;
-			case 7:
-			goto st_case_7;
-			case 8:
-			goto st_case_8;
-			case 9:
-			goto st_case_9;
-		}
-		goto st_out;
-		st1:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+	switch ( cs )
+	{
+st1:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof1;
-		st_case_1:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st1;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st1;
-			}
-			case 34: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 45: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st6;
-			}
-			case 73: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 78: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 91: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 102: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 110: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 116: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-			case 123: {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( ( (*( p))) > 10 ) {
-			if ( 48 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 57 ) {
-				goto ctr2;
-			}
-		} else if ( ( (*( p))) >= 9 ) {
-			goto st1;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st_case_0:
-		st0:
-		cs = 0;
-		goto _out;
-		ctr2:
-		{
-			#line 827 "parser.rl"
-
-			char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &result, 0);
-			if (np == NULL) { {p = p - 1; } {p+= 1; cs = 10; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
-
-		}
-
-		goto st10;
-		st10:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 1:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st1;
+		case 32: goto st1;
+		case 34: goto tr2;
+		case 45: goto tr2;
+		case 47: goto st6;
+		case 73: goto tr2;
+		case 78: goto tr2;
+		case 91: goto tr2;
+		case 102: goto tr2;
+		case 110: goto tr2;
+		case 116: goto tr2;
+		case 123: goto tr2;
+	}
+	if ( (*p) > 10 ) {
+		if ( 48 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 57 )
+			goto tr2;
+	} else if ( (*p) >= 9 )
+		goto st1;
+	goto st0;
+st0:
+cs = 0;
+	goto _out;
+tr2:
+#line 820 "parser.rl"
+	{
+        char *np = JSON_parse_value(json, p, pe, &result, 0);
+        if (np == NULL) { p--; {p++; cs = 10; goto _out;} } else {p = (( np))-1;}
+    }
+	goto st10;
+st10:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof10;
-		st_case_10:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 13: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 32: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st2;
-			}
-		}
-		if ( 9 <= ( (*( p))) && ( (*( p))) <= 10 ) {
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st2:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 10:
+#line 1999 "parser.c"
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 13: goto st10;
+		case 32: goto st10;
+		case 47: goto st2;
+	}
+	if ( 9 <= (*p) && (*p) <= 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st0;
+st2:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof2;
-		st_case_2:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st3;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st5;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st3:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 2:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st3;
+		case 47: goto st5;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st3:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof3;
-		st_case_3:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st4;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		st4:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 3:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st4;
+	goto st3;
+st4:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof4;
-		st_case_4:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st4;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st10;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st3;
-		}
-		st5:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 4:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st4;
+		case 47: goto st10;
+	}
+	goto st3;
+st5:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof5;
-		st_case_5:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st10;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st5;
-		}
-		st6:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 5:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st10;
+	goto st5;
+st6:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof6;
-		st_case_6:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st7;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st9;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st0;
-		}
-		st7:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 6:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st7;
+		case 47: goto st9;
+	}
+	goto st0;
+st7:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof7;
-		st_case_7:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 42 ) {
-			goto st8;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		st8:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 7:
+	if ( (*p) == 42 )
+		goto st8;
+	goto st7;
+st8:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof8;
-		st_case_8:
-		switch( ( (*( p))) ) {
-			case 42: {
-				goto st8;
-			}
-			case 47: {
-				goto st1;
-			}
-		}
-		{
-			goto st7;
-		}
-		st9:
-		p+= 1;
-		if ( p == pe )
+case 8:
+	switch( (*p) ) {
+		case 42: goto st8;
+		case 47: goto st1;
+	}
+	goto st7;
+st9:
+	if ( ++p == pe )
 		goto _test_eof9;
-		st_case_9:
-		if ( ( (*( p))) == 10 ) {
-			goto st1;
-		}
-		{
-			goto st9;
-		}
-		st_out:
-		_test_eof1: cs = 1; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
-		_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
-
-		_test_eof: {}
-		_out: {}
-	}
-
-	#line 854 "parser.rl"
-
-
-	if (cs >= JSON_first_final && p == pe) {
-		return result;
-	} else {
-		rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p);
-		return Qnil;
+case 9:
+	if ( (*p) == 10 )
+		goto st1;
+	goto st9;
 	}
+	_test_eof1: cs = 1; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof10: cs = 10; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof2: cs = 2; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof3: cs = 3; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof4: cs = 4; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof5: cs = 5; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof6: cs = 6; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof7: cs = 7; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof8: cs = 8; goto _test_eof;
+	_test_eof9: cs = 9; goto _test_eof;
+
+	_test_eof: {}
+	_out: {}
+	}
+
+#line 848 "parser.rl"
+
+  if (cs >= JSON_first_final && p == pe) {
+    return result;
+  } else {
+    rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p);
+    return Qnil;
+  }
 }
 
 static void JSON_mark(void *ptr)
 {
-	JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
-	rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->Vsource);
-	rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->create_id);
-	rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->object_class);
-	rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->array_class);
-	rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->decimal_class);
-	rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->match_string);
+    JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
+    rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->Vsource);
+    rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->create_id);
+    rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->object_class);
+    rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->array_class);
+    rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->decimal_class);
+    rb_gc_mark_maybe(json->match_string);
 }
 
 static void JSON_free(void *ptr)
 {
-	JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
-	fbuffer_free(json->fbuffer);
-	ruby_xfree(json);
+    JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
+    fbuffer_free(json->fbuffer);
+    ruby_xfree(json);
 }
 
 static size_t JSON_memsize(const void *ptr)
 {
-	const JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
-	return sizeof(*json) + FBUFFER_CAPA(json->fbuffer);
+    const JSON_Parser *json = ptr;
+    return sizeof(*json) + FBUFFER_CAPA(json->fbuffer);
 }
 
 #ifdef NEW_TYPEDDATA_WRAPPER
 static const rb_data_type_t JSON_Parser_type = {
-	"JSON/Parser",
-	{JSON_mark, JSON_free, JSON_memsize,},
-	#ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
-	0, 0,
-	RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
-	#endif
+    "JSON/Parser",
+    {JSON_mark, JSON_free, JSON_memsize,},
+#ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+#endif
 };
 #endif
 
 static VALUE cJSON_parser_s_allocate(VALUE klass)
 {
-	JSON_Parser *json;
-	VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, JSON_Parser, &JSON_Parser_type, json);
-	json->fbuffer = fbuffer_alloc(0);
-	return obj;
+    JSON_Parser *json;
+    VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, JSON_Parser, &JSON_Parser_type, json);
+    json->fbuffer = fbuffer_alloc(0);
+    return obj;
 }
 
 /*
-* call-seq: source()
-*
-* Returns a copy of the current _source_ string, that was used to construct
-* this Parser.
-*/
+ * call-seq: source()
+ *
+ * Returns a copy of the current _source_ string, that was used to construct
+ * this Parser.
+ */
 static VALUE cParser_source(VALUE self)
 {
-	GET_PARSER;
-	return rb_str_dup(json->Vsource);
+    GET_PARSER;
+    return rb_str_dup(json->Vsource);
 }
 
 void Init_parser(void)
 {
-	#ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE
-	rb_ext_ractor_safe(true);
-	#endif
-
-	#undef rb_intern
-	rb_require("json/common");
-	mJSON = rb_define_module("JSON");
-	mExt = rb_define_module_under(mJSON, "Ext");
-	cParser = rb_define_class_under(mExt, "Parser", rb_cObject);
-	eParserError = rb_path2class("JSON::ParserError");
-	eNestingError = rb_path2class("JSON::NestingError");
-	rb_gc_register_mark_object(eParserError);
-	rb_gc_register_mark_object(eNestingError);
-	rb_define_alloc_func(cParser, cJSON_parser_s_allocate);
-	rb_define_method(cParser, "initialize", cParser_initialize, -1);
-	rb_define_method(cParser, "parse", cParser_parse, 0);
-	rb_define_method(cParser, "source", cParser_source, 0);
-
-	CNaN = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("NaN"));
-	rb_gc_register_mark_object(CNaN);
-
-	CInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("Infinity"));
-	rb_gc_register_mark_object(CInfinity);
-
-	CMinusInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("MinusInfinity"));
-	rb_gc_register_mark_object(CMinusInfinity);
-
-	i_json_creatable_p = rb_intern("json_creatable?");
-	i_json_create = rb_intern("json_create");
-	i_create_id = rb_intern("create_id");
-	i_create_additions = rb_intern("create_additions");
-	i_chr = rb_intern("chr");
-	i_max_nesting = rb_intern("max_nesting");
-	i_allow_nan = rb_intern("allow_nan");
-	i_symbolize_names = rb_intern("symbolize_names");
-	i_object_class = rb_intern("object_class");
-	i_array_class = rb_intern("array_class");
-	i_decimal_class = rb_intern("decimal_class");
-	i_match = rb_intern("match");
-	i_match_string = rb_intern("match_string");
-	i_key_p = rb_intern("key?");
-	i_deep_const_get = rb_intern("deep_const_get");
-	i_aset = rb_intern("[]=");
-	i_aref = rb_intern("[]");
-	i_leftshift = rb_intern("<<");
-	i_new = rb_intern("new");
-	i_try_convert = rb_intern("try_convert");
-	i_freeze = rb_intern("freeze");
-	i_uminus = rb_intern("-@");
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE
+    rb_ext_ractor_safe(true);
+#endif
+
+#undef rb_intern
+    rb_require("json/common");
+    mJSON = rb_define_module("JSON");
+    mExt = rb_define_module_under(mJSON, "Ext");
+    cParser = rb_define_class_under(mExt, "Parser", rb_cObject);
+    eParserError = rb_path2class("JSON::ParserError");
+    eNestingError = rb_path2class("JSON::NestingError");
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(eParserError);
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(eNestingError);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(cParser, cJSON_parser_s_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(cParser, "initialize", cParser_initialize, -1);
+    rb_define_method(cParser, "parse", cParser_parse, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cParser, "source", cParser_source, 0);
+
+    CNaN = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("NaN"));
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(CNaN);
+
+    CInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("Infinity"));
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(CInfinity);
+
+    CMinusInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("MinusInfinity"));
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(CMinusInfinity);
+
+    i_json_creatable_p = rb_intern("json_creatable?");
+    i_json_create = rb_intern("json_create");
+    i_create_id = rb_intern("create_id");
+    i_create_additions = rb_intern("create_additions");
+    i_chr = rb_intern("chr");
+    i_max_nesting = rb_intern("max_nesting");
+    i_allow_nan = rb_intern("allow_nan");
+    i_symbolize_names = rb_intern("symbolize_names");
+    i_object_class = rb_intern("object_class");
+    i_array_class = rb_intern("array_class");
+    i_decimal_class = rb_intern("decimal_class");
+    i_match = rb_intern("match");
+    i_match_string = rb_intern("match_string");
+    i_key_p = rb_intern("key?");
+    i_deep_const_get = rb_intern("deep_const_get");
+    i_aset = rb_intern("[]=");
+    i_aref = rb_intern("[]");
+    i_leftshift = rb_intern("<<");
+    i_new = rb_intern("new");
+    i_try_convert = rb_intern("try_convert");
+    i_freeze = rb_intern("freeze");
+    i_uminus = rb_intern("-@");
 }
 
 /*
-* Local variables:
-* mode: c
-* c-file-style: ruby
-* indent-tabs-mode: nil
-* End:
-*/
+ * Local variables:
+ * mode: c
+ * c-file-style: ruby
+ * indent-tabs-mode: nil
+ * End:
+ */
diff --git a/ext/json/parser/parser.rl b/ext/json/parser/parser.rl
index 2dbdc7ef24..af190e7500 100644
--- a/ext/json/parser/parser.rl
+++ b/ext/json/parser/parser.rl
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ static char *JSON_parse_object(JSON_Parser *json, char *p, char *pe, VALUE *resu
         if (json->allow_nan) {
             *result = CInfinity;
         } else {
-            rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p - 8);
+            rb_enc_raise(EXC_ENCODING eParserError, "unexpected token at '%s'", p - 7);
         }
     }
     action parse_string {
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int
                 case 'u':
                     if (pe > stringEnd - 4) {
                       if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-                        free(bufferStart);
+                        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
                       }
                       rb_enc_raise(
                         EXC_ENCODING eParserError,
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int
                             pe++;
                             if (pe > stringEnd - 6) {
                               if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-                                free(bufferStart);
+                                ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
                               }
                               rb_enc_raise(
                                 EXC_ENCODING eParserError,
@@ -566,13 +566,13 @@ static VALUE json_string_unescape(char *string, char *stringEnd, int intern, int
         result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
       }
       if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-        free(bufferStart);
+        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
       }
 # else
       result = rb_utf8_str_new(bufferStart, (long)(buffer - bufferStart));
 
       if (bufferSize > MAX_STACK_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-        free(bufferStart);
+        ruby_xfree(bufferStart);
       }
 
       if (intern) {
@@ -691,8 +691,6 @@ static VALUE convert_encoding(VALUE source)
  *
  * Creates a new JSON::Ext::Parser instance for the string _source_.
  *
- * Creates a new JSON::Ext::Parser instance for the string _source_.
- *
  * It will be configured by the _opts_ hash. _opts_ can have the following
  * keys:
  *
@@ -721,98 +719,85 @@ static VALUE cParser_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     if (json->Vsource) {
         rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "already initialized instance");
     }
-#ifdef HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1:", &source, &opts);
-#else
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &source, &opts);
-#endif
     if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH
-        opts = rb_convert_type(opts, T_HASH, "Hash", "to_hash");
-        if (NIL_P(opts)) {
-            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "opts needs to be like a hash");
-        } else {
-#endif
-            VALUE tmp = ID2SYM(i_max_nesting);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                VALUE max_nesting = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-                if (RTEST(max_nesting)) {
-                    Check_Type(max_nesting, T_FIXNUM);
-                    json->max_nesting = FIX2INT(max_nesting);
-                } else {
-                    json->max_nesting = 0;
-                }
-            } else {
-                json->max_nesting = 100;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_allow_nan);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->allow_nan = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-            } else {
-                json->allow_nan = 0;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_symbolize_names);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->symbolize_names = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-            } else {
-                json->symbolize_names = 0;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_freeze);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->freeze = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
-            } else {
-                json->freeze = 0;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_additions);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->create_additions = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp));
-            } else {
-                json->create_additions = 0;
-            }
-            if (json->symbolize_names && json->create_additions) {
-              rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-                "options :symbolize_names and :create_additions cannot be "
-                " used in conjunction");
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_id);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->create_id = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-            } else {
-                json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_object_class);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->object_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-            } else {
-                json->object_class = Qnil;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_array_class);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->array_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-            } else {
-                json->array_class = Qnil;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_decimal_class);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                json->decimal_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-            } else {
-                json->decimal_class = Qnil;
-            }
-            tmp = ID2SYM(i_match_string);
-            if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
-                VALUE match_string = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
-                json->match_string = RTEST(match_string) ? match_string : Qnil;
-            } else {
-                json->match_string = Qnil;
-            }
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_SCAN_ARGS_OPTIONAL_HASH
-        }
-#endif
+	VALUE tmp = ID2SYM(i_max_nesting);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    VALUE max_nesting = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	    if (RTEST(max_nesting)) {
+		Check_Type(max_nesting, T_FIXNUM);
+		json->max_nesting = FIX2INT(max_nesting);
+	    } else {
+		json->max_nesting = 0;
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    json->max_nesting = 100;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_allow_nan);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->allow_nan = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
+	} else {
+	    json->allow_nan = 0;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_symbolize_names);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->symbolize_names = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
+	} else {
+	    json->symbolize_names = 0;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_freeze);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->freeze = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp)) ? 1 : 0;
+	} else {
+	    json->freeze = 0;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_additions);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->create_additions = RTEST(rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp));
+	} else {
+	    json->create_additions = 0;
+	}
+	if (json->symbolize_names && json->create_additions) {
+	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
+		     "options :symbolize_names and :create_additions cannot be "
+		     " used in conjunction");
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_create_id);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->create_id = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_object_class);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->object_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->object_class = Qnil;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_array_class);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->array_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->array_class = Qnil;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_decimal_class);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    json->decimal_class = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	} else {
+	    json->decimal_class = Qnil;
+	}
+	tmp = ID2SYM(i_match_string);
+	if (option_given_p(opts, tmp)) {
+	    VALUE match_string = rb_hash_aref(opts, tmp);
+	    json->match_string = RTEST(match_string) ? match_string : Qnil;
+	} else {
+	    json->match_string = Qnil;
+	}
     } else {
         json->max_nesting = 100;
         json->allow_nan = 0;
         json->create_additions = 0;
-        json->create_id = rb_funcall(mJSON, i_create_id, 0);
+        json->create_id = Qnil;
         json->object_class = Qnil;
         json->array_class = Qnil;
         json->decimal_class = Qnil;
@@ -847,7 +832,7 @@ static VALUE cParser_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *
  *  Parses the current JSON text _source_ and returns the complete data
  *  structure as a result.
- *  It raises JSON::ParseError if fail to parse.
+ *  It raises JSON::ParserError if fail to parse.
  */
 static VALUE cParser_parse(VALUE self)
 {
diff --git a/ext/monitor/depend b/ext/monitor/depend
index 3030da71d0..38e21b3f66 100644
--- a/ext/monitor/depend
+++ b/ext/monitor/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 monitor.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/monitor/lib/monitor.rb b/ext/monitor/lib/monitor.rb
index 11c5ac17d9..31d6d2b3c4 100644
--- a/ext/monitor/lib/monitor.rb
+++ b/ext/monitor/lib/monitor.rb
@@ -7,17 +7,19 @@
 # You can freely distribute/modify this library.
 #
 
+require 'monitor.so'
+
 #
 # In concurrent programming, a monitor is an object or module intended to be
-# used safely by more than one thread.  The defining characteristic of a
-# monitor is that its methods are executed with mutual exclusion.  That is, at
+# used safely by more than one thread. The defining characteristic of a
+# monitor is that its methods are executed with mutual exclusion. That is, at
 # each point in time, at most one thread may be executing any of its methods.
 # This mutual exclusion greatly simplifies reasoning about the implementation
 # of monitors compared to reasoning about parallel code that updates a data
 # structure.
 #
 # You can read more about the general principles on the Wikipedia page for
-# Monitors[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_%28synchronization%29]
+# Monitors[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_%28synchronization%29].
 #
 # == Examples
 #
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@
 #   end
 #
 # The consumer thread waits for the producer thread to push a line to buf
-# while <tt>buf.empty?</tt>.  The producer thread (main thread) reads a
+# while <tt>buf.empty?</tt>. The producer thread (main thread) reads a
 # line from ARGF and pushes it into buf then calls <tt>empty_cond.signal</tt>
 # to notify the consumer thread of new data.
 #
@@ -86,9 +88,6 @@
 # This Class is implemented as subclass of Array which includes the
 # MonitorMixin module.
 #
-
-require 'monitor.so'
-
 module MonitorMixin
   #
   # FIXME: This isn't documented in Nutshell.
diff --git a/ext/monitor/monitor.c b/ext/monitor/monitor.c
index 10209cf2aa..86613f6ade 100644
--- a/ext/monitor/monitor.c
+++ b/ext/monitor/monitor.c
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ monitor_exit(VALUE monitor)
 
     struct rb_monitor *mc = monitor_ptr(monitor);
 
-    if (mc->count <= 0) rb_bug("monitor_exit: count:%d\n", (int)mc->count);
+    if (mc->count <= 0) rb_bug("monitor_exit: count:%d", (int)mc->count);
     mc->count--;
 
     if (mc->count == 0) {
diff --git a/ext/nkf/depend b/ext/nkf/depend
index 9e2f468ba1..98afc5f201 100644
--- a/ext/nkf/depend
+++ b/ext/nkf/depend
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -124,7 +125,6 @@ nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 nkf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/nkf/nkf.c b/ext/nkf/nkf.c
index c6ddee1976..73b616a54f 100644
--- a/ext/nkf/nkf.c
+++ b/ext/nkf/nkf.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #define RUBY_NKF_REVISION "$Revision$"
 #define RUBY_NKF_VERSION NKF_VERSION " (" NKF_RELEASE_DATE ")"
+#define NKF_GEM_VERSION "0.1.3"
 
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"
 #include "ruby/encoding.h"
@@ -500,4 +501,6 @@ Init_nkf(void)
     rb_define_const(mNKF, "NKF_VERSION", rb_str_new2(NKF_VERSION));
     /* Release date of nkf */
     rb_define_const(mNKF, "NKF_RELEASE_DATE", rb_str_new2(NKF_RELEASE_DATE));
+    /* Version of nkf library */
+    rb_define_const(mNKF, "GEM_VERSION", rb_str_new_cstr(NKF_GEM_VERSION));
 }
diff --git a/ext/nkf/nkf.gemspec b/ext/nkf/nkf.gemspec
index 2d77c71ff8..097a9485ed 100644
--- a/ext/nkf/nkf.gemspec
+++ b/ext/nkf/nkf.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,16 @@
+source_version = ["", "ext/nkf/"].find do |dir|
+  begin
+    break File.open(File.join(__dir__, "#{dir}nkf.c")) {|f|
+      f.gets("\n#define NKF_GEM_VERSION ")
+      f.gets[/\s*"(.+)"/, 1]
+    }
+  rescue Errno::ENOENT
+  end
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "nkf"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
+  spec.version       = source_version
   spec.authors       = ["NARUSE Yui"]
   spec.email         = ["naruse@airemix.jp"]
 
@@ -21,4 +31,5 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.bindir        = "exe"
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+  spec.extensions    = ["ext/nkf/extconf.rb"]
 end
diff --git a/ext/objspace/depend b/ext/objspace/depend
index c4da8031cc..85e99a71b4 100644
--- a/ext/objspace/depend
+++ b/ext/objspace/depend
@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
 object_tracing.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 object_tracing.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/gcc_version_since.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@ object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/debug.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/encoding.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@ object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -84,6 +88,15 @@ object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/coderange.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/ctype.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/pathname.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/re.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/symbol.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/transcode.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
@@ -111,7 +124,6 @@ object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -142,7 +154,6 @@ object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -155,15 +166,41 @@ object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/onigmo.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+object_tracing.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+object_tracing.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 object_tracing.o: object_tracing.c
 object_tracing.o: objspace.h
+object_tracing.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 objspace.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 objspace.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -215,6 +252,7 @@ objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -284,7 +322,6 @@ objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -315,7 +352,6 @@ objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -336,10 +372,17 @@ objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/regex.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
-objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/gc.h
+objspace.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/constant.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/debug_counter.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/id_table.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -348,9 +391,21 @@ objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
 objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/symbol.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_debug.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
+objspace.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_sync.h
 objspace.o: objspace.c
 objspace.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
@@ -409,6 +464,7 @@ objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -477,7 +533,6 @@ objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -508,7 +563,6 @@ objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -533,26 +587,38 @@ objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
-objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/gc.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/constant.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/debug_counter.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/id_table.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/class.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/hash.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/sanitizers.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/symbol.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_callinfo.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_debug.h
 objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
+objspace_dump.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_sync.h
 objspace_dump.o: objspace.h
 objspace_dump.o: objspace_dump.c
 objspace_dump.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
diff --git a/ext/objspace/lib/objspace.rb b/ext/objspace/lib/objspace.rb
index 0298b0646c..47873f5112 100644
--- a/ext/objspace/lib/objspace.rb
+++ b/ext/objspace/lib/objspace.rb
@@ -6,17 +6,21 @@ module ObjectSpace
   class << self
     private :_dump
     private :_dump_all
+    private :_dump_shapes
   end
 
   module_function
 
-  # call-seq:
-  #   ObjectSpace.dump(obj[, output: :string]) # => "{ ... }"
-  #   ObjectSpace.dump(obj, output: :file)     # => #<File:/tmp/rubyobj20131125-88733-1xkfmpv.json>
-  #   ObjectSpace.dump(obj, output: :stdout)   # => nil
-  #
   # Dump the contents of a ruby object as JSON.
   #
+  # _output_ can be one of: +:stdout+, +:file+, +:string+, or IO object.
+  #
+  # * +:file+ means dumping to a tempfile and returning corresponding File object;
+  # * +:stdout+ means printing the dump and returning +nil+;
+  # * +:string+ means returning a string with the dump;
+  # * if an instance of IO object is provided, the output goes there, and the object
+  #   is returned.
+  #
   # This method is only expected to work with C Ruby.
   # This is an experimental method and is subject to change.
   # In particular, the function signature and output format are
@@ -42,38 +46,78 @@ module ObjectSpace
   end
 
 
-  #  call-seq:
-  #    ObjectSpace.dump_all([output: :file]) # => #<File:/tmp/rubyheap20131125-88469-laoj3v.json>
-  #    ObjectSpace.dump_all(output: :stdout) # => nil
-  #    ObjectSpace.dump_all(output: :string) # => "{...}\n{...}\n..."
-  #    ObjectSpace.dump_all(output:
-  #      File.open('heap.json','w'))         # => #<File:heap.json>
-  #    ObjectSpace.dump_all(output: :string,
-  #      since: 42)                          # => "{...}\n{...}\n..."
+  # Dump the contents of the ruby heap as JSON.
+  #
+  # _output_ argument is the same as for #dump.
+  #
+  # _full_ must be a boolean. If true, all heap slots are dumped including the empty ones (+T_NONE+).
   #
-  #  Dump the contents of the ruby heap as JSON.
+  # _since_ must be a non-negative integer or +nil+.
   #
-  #  _since_ must be a non-negative integer or +nil+.
+  # If _since_ is a positive integer, only objects of that generation and
+  # newer generations are dumped. The current generation can be accessed using
+  # GC::count. Objects that were allocated without object allocation tracing enabled
+  # are ignored. See ::trace_object_allocations for more information and
+  # examples.
   #
-  #  If _since_ is a positive integer, only objects of that generation and
-  #  newer generations are dumped. The current generation can be accessed using
-  #  GC::count.
+  # If _since_ is omitted or is +nil+, all objects are dumped.
   #
-  #  Objects that were allocated without object allocation tracing enabled
-  #  are ignored. See ::trace_object_allocations for more information and
-  #  examples.
+  # _shapes_ must be a boolean or a non-negative integer.
   #
-  #  If _since_ is omitted or is +nil+, all objects are dumped.
+  # If _shapes_ is a positive integer, only shapes newer than the provided
+  # shape id are dumped. The current shape_id can be accessed using <tt>RubyVM.stat(:next_shape_id)</tt>.
+  #
+  # If _shapes_ is +false+, no shapes are dumped.
+  #
+  # To only dump objects allocated past a certain point you can combine _since_ and _shapes_:
+  #   ObjectSpace.trace_object_allocations
+  #   GC.start
+  #   gc_generation = GC.count
+  #   shape_generation = RubyVM.stat(:next_shape_id)
+  #   call_method_to_instrument
+  #   ObjectSpace.dump_all(since: gc_generation, shapes: shape_generation)
+  #
+  # This method is only expected to work with C Ruby.
+  # This is an experimental method and is subject to change.
+  # In particular, the function signature and output format are
+  # not guaranteed to be compatible in future versions of ruby.
+  def dump_all(output: :file, full: false, since: nil, shapes: true)
+    out = case output
+    when :file, nil
+      require 'tempfile'
+      Tempfile.create(%w(rubyheap .json))
+    when :stdout
+      STDOUT
+    when :string
+      +''
+    when IO
+      output
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError, "wrong output option: #{output.inspect}"
+    end
+
+    shapes = 0 if shapes == true
+    ret = _dump_all(out, full, since, shapes)
+    return nil if output == :stdout
+    ret
+  end
+
+  #  Dump the contents of the ruby shape tree as JSON.
+  #
+  #  _output_ argument is the same as for #dump.
+  #
+  #  If _since_ is a positive integer, only shapes newer than the provided
+  #  shape id are dumped. The current shape_id can be accessed using <tt>RubyVM.stat(:next_shape_id)</tt>.
   #
   #  This method is only expected to work with C Ruby.
   #  This is an experimental method and is subject to change.
   #  In particular, the function signature and output format are
   #  not guaranteed to be compatible in future versions of ruby.
-  def dump_all(output: :file, full: false, since: nil)
+  def dump_shapes(output: :file, since: 0)
     out = case output
     when :file, nil
       require 'tempfile'
-      Tempfile.create(%w(rubyheap .json))
+      Tempfile.create(%w(rubyshapes .json))
     when :stdout
       STDOUT
     when :string
@@ -84,7 +128,7 @@ module ObjectSpace
       raise ArgumentError, "wrong output option: #{output.inspect}"
     end
 
-    ret = _dump_all(out, full, since)
+    ret = _dump_shapes(out, since)
     return nil if output == :stdout
     ret
   end
diff --git a/ext/objspace/object_tracing.c b/ext/objspace/object_tracing.c
index 0bf866a8f1..c1c93c51f5 100644
--- a/ext/objspace/object_tracing.c
+++ b/ext/objspace/object_tracing.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 **********************************************************************/
 
 #include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "ruby/debug.h"
 #include "objspace.h"
 
@@ -121,6 +122,10 @@ freeobj_i(VALUE tpval, void *data)
     st_data_t v;
     struct allocation_info *info;
 
+    /* Modifying the st table can cause allocations, which can trigger GC.
+     * Since freeobj_i is called during GC, it must not trigger another GC. */
+    VALUE gc_disabled = rb_gc_disable_no_rest();
+
     if (arg->keep_remains) {
         if (st_lookup(arg->object_table, obj, &v)) {
             info = (struct allocation_info *)v;
@@ -135,6 +140,8 @@ freeobj_i(VALUE tpval, void *data)
             ruby_xfree(info);
         }
     }
+
+    if (gc_disabled == Qfalse) rb_gc_enable();
 }
 
 static int
diff --git a/ext/objspace/objspace.c b/ext/objspace/objspace.c
index 0b1b094325..0a7896d5c6 100644
--- a/ext/objspace/objspace.c
+++ b/ext/objspace/objspace.c
@@ -12,14 +12,13 @@
 
 **********************************************************************/
 
-#include "gc.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/class.h"
 #include "internal/compilers.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
 #include "internal/imemo.h"
 #include "internal/sanitizers.h"
-#include "node.h"
 #include "ruby/io.h"
 #include "ruby/re.h"
 #include "ruby/st.h"
@@ -337,17 +336,6 @@ count_symbols(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE os)
     return hash;
 }
 
-static void
-cn_i(VALUE v, void *n)
-{
-    size_t *nodes = (size_t *)n;
-
-    if (BUILTIN_TYPE(v) == T_NODE) {
-        size_t s = nd_type((NODE *)v);
-        nodes[s]++;
-    }
-}
-
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *     ObjectSpace.count_nodes([result_hash]) -> hash
@@ -374,134 +362,7 @@ cn_i(VALUE v, void *n)
 static VALUE
 count_nodes(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE os)
 {
-    size_t nodes[NODE_LAST+1];
-    enum node_type i;
-    VALUE hash = setup_hash(argc, argv);
-
-    for (i = 0; i <= NODE_LAST; i++) {
-        nodes[i] = 0;
-    }
-
-    each_object_with_flags(cn_i, &nodes[0]);
-
-    for (i=0; i<NODE_LAST; i++) {
-        if (nodes[i] != 0) {
-            VALUE node;
-            switch (i) {
-#define COUNT_NODE(n) case n: node = ID2SYM(rb_intern(#n)); goto set
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_SCOPE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_BLOCK);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_IF);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_UNLESS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CASE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CASE2);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CASE3);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_WHEN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_IN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_WHILE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_UNTIL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ITER);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FOR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FOR_MASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_BREAK);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_NEXT);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_REDO);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_RETRY);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_BEGIN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_RESCUE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_RESBODY);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ENSURE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_AND);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_MASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_LASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_GASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_IASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CDECL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CVASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OP_ASGN1);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OP_ASGN2);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OP_ASGN_AND);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OP_ASGN_OR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OP_CDECL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CALL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OPCALL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FCALL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_VCALL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_QCALL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_SUPER);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ZSUPER);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_LIST);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ZLIST);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_VALUES);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_HASH);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_RETURN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_YIELD);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_LVAR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DVAR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_GVAR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_IVAR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CONST);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CVAR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_NTH_REF);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_BACK_REF);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_MATCH);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_MATCH2);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_MATCH3);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_LIT);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_STR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DSTR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_XSTR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DXSTR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_EVSTR);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DREGX);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ONCE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ARGS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ARGS_AUX);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_OPT_ARG);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_KW_ARG);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_POSTARG);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ARGSCAT);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ARGSPUSH);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_SPLAT);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_BLOCK_PASS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DEFN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DEFS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ALIAS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_VALIAS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_UNDEF);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_CLASS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_MODULE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_SCLASS);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_COLON2);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_COLON3);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DOT2);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DOT3);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FLIP2);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FLIP3);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_SELF);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_NIL);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_TRUE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FALSE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ERRINFO);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DEFINED);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_POSTEXE);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_DSYM);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ATTRASGN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_LAMBDA);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_ARYPTN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_FNDPTN);
-                COUNT_NODE(NODE_HSHPTN);
-#undef COUNT_NODE
-              case NODE_LAST: break;
-            }
-            UNREACHABLE;
-          set:
-            rb_hash_aset(hash, node, SIZET2NUM(nodes[i]));
-        }
-    }
-    return hash;
+    return setup_hash(argc, argv);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -953,7 +814,7 @@ void Init_objspace_dump(VALUE rb_mObjSpace);
  *
  * You need to <code>require 'objspace'</code> to use this extension module.
  *
- * Generally, you *SHOULD NOT* use this library if you do not know
+ * Generally, you *SHOULD* *NOT* use this library if you do not know
  * about the MRI implementation.  Mainly, this library is for (memory)
  * profiler developers and MRI developers who need to know about MRI
  * memory usage.
diff --git a/ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c b/ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c
index 2917d49331..866a49eff4 100644
--- a/ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c
+++ b/ext/objspace/objspace_dump.c
@@ -12,16 +12,23 @@
 
 **********************************************************************/
 
-#include "gc.h"
+#include "id_table.h"
 #include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/array.h"
+#include "internal/class.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
+#include "internal/io.h"
 #include "internal/string.h"
 #include "internal/sanitizers.h"
+#include "symbol.h"
+#include "shape.h"
 #include "node.h"
 #include "objspace.h"
 #include "ruby/debug.h"
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 #include "ruby/io.h"
+#include "vm_callinfo.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
 
 RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_hexdigits[];
@@ -41,6 +48,7 @@ struct dump_config {
     unsigned int full_heap: 1;
     unsigned int partial_dump;
     size_t since;
+    size_t shapes_since;
     unsigned long buffer_len;
     char buffer[BUFFER_CAPACITY];
 };
@@ -160,10 +168,8 @@ dump_append_c(struct dump_config *dc, unsigned char c)
 }
 
 static void
-dump_append_ref(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE ref)
+dump_append_ptr(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE ref)
 {
-    RUBY_ASSERT(ref > 0);
-
     char buffer[roomof(sizeof(VALUE) * CHAR_BIT, 4) + rb_strlen_lit("\"0x\"")];
     char *buffer_start, *buffer_end;
 
@@ -180,6 +186,14 @@ dump_append_ref(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE ref)
 }
 
 static void
+dump_append_ref(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE ref)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(ref > 0);
+    dump_append_ptr(dc, ref);
+}
+
+
+static void
 dump_append_string_value(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE obj)
 {
     long i;
@@ -349,6 +363,21 @@ dump_append_string_content(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE obj)
     }
 }
 
+static inline void
+dump_append_id(struct dump_config *dc, ID id)
+{
+    VALUE str = rb_sym2str(ID2SYM(id));
+    if (RTEST(str)) {
+        dump_append_string_value(dc, str);
+    }
+    else {
+        dump_append(dc, "\"ID_INTERNAL(");
+        dump_append_sizet(dc, rb_id_to_serial(id));
+        dump_append(dc, ")\"");
+    }
+}
+
+
 static void
 dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
 {
@@ -357,6 +386,7 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     ID flags[RB_OBJ_GC_FLAGS_MAX];
     size_t n, i;
+    ID mid;
 
     if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
         dump_append_special_const(dc, obj);
@@ -365,7 +395,11 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
 
     dc->cur_obj = obj;
     dc->cur_obj_references = 0;
-    dc->cur_obj_klass = BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_NODE ? 0 : RBASIC_CLASS(obj);
+    if (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_NODE || BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_IMEMO) {
+        dc->cur_obj_klass = 0;
+    } else {
+        dc->cur_obj_klass = RBASIC_CLASS(obj);
+    }
 
     if (dc->partial_dump && (!ainfo || ainfo->generation < dc->since)) {
         return;
@@ -381,6 +415,10 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
     dump_append(dc, obj_type(obj));
     dump_append(dc, "\"");
 
+    size_t shape_id = rb_shape_get_shape_id(obj);
+    dump_append(dc, ", \"shape_id\":");
+    dump_append_sizet(dc, shape_id);
+
     dump_append(dc, ", \"slot_size\":");
     dump_append_sizet(dc, dc->cur_page_slot_size);
 
@@ -400,6 +438,33 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
         dump_append(dc, ", \"imemo_type\":\"");
         dump_append(dc, rb_imemo_name(imemo_type(obj)));
         dump_append(dc, "\"");
+
+        switch (imemo_type(obj)) {
+          case imemo_callinfo:
+            mid = vm_ci_mid((const struct rb_callinfo *)obj);
+            if (mid != 0) {
+                dump_append(dc, ", \"mid\":");
+                dump_append_id(dc, mid);
+            }
+            break;
+
+          case imemo_callcache:
+            mid = vm_cc_cme((const struct rb_callcache *)obj)->called_id;
+            if (mid != 0) {
+                dump_append(dc, ", \"called_id\":");
+                dump_append_id(dc, mid);
+
+                VALUE klass = ((const struct rb_callcache *)obj)->klass;
+                if (klass != 0) {
+                    dump_append(dc, ", \"receiver_class\":");
+                    dump_append_ref(dc, klass);
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
         break;
 
       case T_SYMBOL:
@@ -456,7 +521,7 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
       case T_ARRAY:
         dump_append(dc, ", \"length\":");
         dump_append_ld(dc, RARRAY_LEN(obj));
-        if (RARRAY_LEN(obj) > 0 && FL_TEST(obj, ELTS_SHARED))
+        if (RARRAY_LEN(obj) > 0 && FL_TEST(obj, RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG))
             dump_append(dc, ", \"shared\":true");
         if (FL_TEST(obj, RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG))
             dump_append(dc, ", \"embedded\":true");
@@ -470,6 +535,9 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
         break;
 
       case T_CLASS:
+        dump_append(dc, ", \"variation_count\":");
+        dump_append_d(dc, RCLASS_EXT(obj)->variation_count);
+
       case T_MODULE:
         if (rb_class_get_superclass(obj)) {
             dump_append(dc, ", \"superclass\":");
@@ -513,8 +581,15 @@ dump_object(VALUE obj, struct dump_config *dc)
         break;
 
       case T_OBJECT:
+        if (FL_TEST(obj, ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
+            dump_append(dc, ", \"embedded\":true");
+        }
+
         dump_append(dc, ", \"ivars\":");
-        dump_append_lu(dc, ROBJECT_NUMIV(obj));
+        dump_append_lu(dc, ROBJECT_IV_COUNT(obj));
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+            dump_append(dc, ", \"too_complex_shape\":true");
+        }
         break;
 
       case T_FILE:
@@ -618,7 +693,7 @@ root_obj_i(const char *category, VALUE obj, void *data)
 }
 
 static void
-dump_output(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE output, VALUE full, VALUE since)
+dump_output(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE output, VALUE full, VALUE since, VALUE shapes)
 {
 
     dc->full_heap = 0;
@@ -644,6 +719,8 @@ dump_output(struct dump_config *dc, VALUE output, VALUE full, VALUE since)
     else {
         dc->partial_dump = 0;
     }
+
+    dc->shapes_since = RTEST(shapes) ? NUM2SIZET(shapes) : 0;
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -660,6 +737,7 @@ dump_result(struct dump_config *dc)
     }
 }
 
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
 objspace_dump(VALUE os, VALUE obj, VALUE output)
 {
@@ -668,18 +746,77 @@ objspace_dump(VALUE os, VALUE obj, VALUE output)
         dc.cur_page_slot_size = rb_gc_obj_slot_size(obj);
     }
 
-    dump_output(&dc, output, Qnil, Qnil);
+    dump_output(&dc, output, Qnil, Qnil, Qnil);
 
     dump_object(obj, &dc);
 
     return dump_result(&dc);
 }
 
+static void
+shape_i(rb_shape_t *shape, void *data)
+{
+    struct dump_config *dc = (struct dump_config *)data;
+
+    size_t shape_id = rb_shape_id(shape);
+    if (shape_id < dc->shapes_since) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    dump_append(dc, "{\"address\":");
+    dump_append_ref(dc, (VALUE)shape);
+
+    dump_append(dc, ", \"type\":\"SHAPE\", \"id\":");
+    dump_append_sizet(dc, shape_id);
+
+    if (shape->type != SHAPE_ROOT) {
+        dump_append(dc, ", \"parent_id\":");
+        dump_append_lu(dc, shape->parent_id);
+    }
+
+    dump_append(dc, ", \"depth\":");
+    dump_append_sizet(dc, rb_shape_depth(shape));
+
+    dump_append(dc, ", \"shape_type\":");
+    switch((enum shape_type)shape->type) {
+      case SHAPE_ROOT:
+        dump_append(dc, "\"ROOT\"");
+        break;
+      case SHAPE_IVAR:
+        dump_append(dc, "\"IVAR\"");
+
+        dump_append(dc, ",\"edge_name\":");
+        dump_append_id(dc, shape->edge_name);
+
+        break;
+      case SHAPE_FROZEN:
+        dump_append(dc, "\"FROZEN\"");
+        break;
+      case SHAPE_T_OBJECT:
+        dump_append(dc, "\"T_OBJECT\"");
+        break;
+      case SHAPE_OBJ_TOO_COMPLEX:
+        dump_append(dc, "\"OBJ_TOO_COMPLEX\"");
+        break;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("[objspace] unexpected shape type");
+    }
+
+    dump_append(dc, ", \"edges\":");
+    dump_append_sizet(dc, rb_shape_edges_count(shape));
+
+    dump_append(dc, ", \"memsize\":");
+    dump_append_sizet(dc, rb_shape_memsize(shape));
+
+    dump_append(dc, "}\n");
+}
+
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
-objspace_dump_all(VALUE os, VALUE output, VALUE full, VALUE since)
+objspace_dump_all(VALUE os, VALUE output, VALUE full, VALUE since, VALUE shapes)
 {
     struct dump_config dc = {0,};
-    dump_output(&dc, output, full, since);
+    dump_output(&dc, output, full, since, shapes);
 
     if (!dc.partial_dump || dc.since == 0) {
         /* dump roots */
@@ -687,12 +824,29 @@ objspace_dump_all(VALUE os, VALUE output, VALUE full, VALUE since)
         if (dc.roots) dump_append(&dc, "]}\n");
     }
 
+    if (RTEST(shapes)) {
+        rb_shape_each_shape(shape_i, &dc);
+    }
+
     /* dump all objects */
     rb_objspace_each_objects(heap_i, &dc);
 
     return dump_result(&dc);
 }
 
+/* :nodoc: */
+static VALUE
+objspace_dump_shapes(VALUE os, VALUE output, VALUE shapes)
+{
+    struct dump_config dc = {0,};
+    dump_output(&dc, output, Qfalse, Qnil, shapes);
+
+    if (RTEST(shapes)) {
+        rb_shape_each_shape(shape_i, &dc);
+    }
+    return dump_result(&dc);
+}
+
 void
 Init_objspace_dump(VALUE rb_mObjSpace)
 {
@@ -702,7 +856,8 @@ Init_objspace_dump(VALUE rb_mObjSpace)
 #endif
 
     rb_define_module_function(rb_mObjSpace, "_dump", objspace_dump, 2);
-    rb_define_module_function(rb_mObjSpace, "_dump_all", objspace_dump_all, 3);
+    rb_define_module_function(rb_mObjSpace, "_dump_all", objspace_dump_all, 4);
+    rb_define_module_function(rb_mObjSpace, "_dump_shapes", objspace_dump_shapes, 2);
 
     /* force create static IDs */
     rb_obj_gc_flags(rb_mObjSpace, 0, 0);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/History.md b/ext/openssl/History.md
index 479ec3b4a2..3249f6617a 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/History.md
+++ b/ext/openssl/History.md
@@ -1,3 +1,117 @@
+Version 3.2.0
+=============
+
+Compatibility
+-------------
+
+* Ruby >= 2.7
+  - Support for Ruby 2.6 has been removed. Note that Ruby 2.6 reached the
+    end-of-life in 2022-04.
+    [[GitHub #639]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/639)
+* OpenSSL >= 1.0.2 or LibreSSL >= 3.1
+
+Notable changes
+---------------
+
+* Add a stub gemspec for JRuby, which depends on the `jruby-openssl` gem.
+  [[GitHub #598]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/598)
+* Add support for the FIPS module in OpenSSL 3.0/3.1.
+  [[GitHub #608]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/608)
+* Rework `OpenSSL::PKey` routines for loading DER or PEM encoded keys for better
+  compatibility with OpenSSL 3.0/3.1 with the FIPS module.
+  [[GitHub #615]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/615)
+  [[GitHub #669]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/669)
+* Add `OpenSSL::Provider` module for loading and unloading OpenSSL 3 providers.
+  [[GitHub #635]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/635)
+* Add `OpenSSL::PKey.new_raw_private_key`, `.new_raw_public_key`,
+  `OpenSSL::PKey::PKey#raw_private_key`, and `#raw_public_key` for public key
+  algorithms that use "raw private/public key", such as X25519 and Ed25519.
+  [[GitHub #646]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/646)
+* Improve OpenSSL error messages to include additional information when
+  it is available in OpenSSL's error queue.
+  [[GitHub #648]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/648)
+* Change `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ca_file=` and `#ca_path=` to raise
+  `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError` instead of printing a warning message.
+  [[GitHub #659]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/659)
+* Allow `OpenSSL::X509::ExtensionFactory#create_extension` to take OIDs in the
+  dotted-decimal notation.
+  [[GitHub #141]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/141)
+
+
+Version 3.1.0
+=============
+
+Ruby/OpenSSL 3.1 will be maintained for the lifetime of Ruby 3.2.
+
+Merged bug fixes in 2.2.3 and 3.0.2. Among the new features and changes are:
+
+Notable changes
+---------------
+
+* Add `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ciphersuites=` to allow setting TLS 1.3 cipher
+  suites.
+  [[GitHub #493]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/493)
+* Add `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket#export_keying_material` for exporting keying
+  material of the session, as defined in RFC 5705.
+  [[GitHub #530]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/530)
+* Add `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#keylog_cb=` for setting the TLS key logging
+  callback, which is useful for supporting NSS's SSLKEYLOGFILE debugging output.
+  [[GitHub #536]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/536)
+* Remove the default digest algorithm from `OpenSSL::OCSP::BasicResponse#sign`
+  and `OpenSSL::OCSP::Request#sign`. Omitting the 5th parameter of these
+  methods used to be equivalent of specifying SHA-1. This default value is now
+  removed and we will let the underlying OpenSSL library decide instead.
+  [[GitHub #507]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/507)
+* Add `OpenSSL::BN#mod_sqrt`.
+  [[GitHub #553]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/553)
+* Allow calling `OpenSSL::Cipher#update` with an empty string. This was
+  prohibited to workaround an ancient bug in OpenSSL.
+  [[GitHub #568]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/568)
+* Fix build on platforms without socket support, such as WASI. `OpenSSL::SSL`
+  will not be defined if OpenSSL is compiled with `OPENSSL_NO_SOCK`.
+  [[GitHub #558]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/558)
+* Improve support for recent LibreSSL versions. This includes HKDF support in
+  LibreSSL 3.6 and Ed25519 support in LibreSSL 3.7.
+
+
+Version 3.0.2
+=============
+
+Merged changes in 2.2.3. Additionally, the following issues are fixed by this
+release.
+
+Bug fixes
+---------
+
+* Fix OpenSSL::PKey::EC#check_key not working correctly on OpenSSL 3.0.
+  [[GitHub #563]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/563)
+  [[GitHub #580]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/580)
+
+
+Version 3.0.1
+=============
+
+Merged changes in 2.1.4 and 2.2.2. Additionally, the following issues are fixed
+by this release.
+
+Bug fixes
+---------
+
+* Add missing type check in OpenSSL::PKey::PKey#sign's optional parameters.
+  [[GitHub #531]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/531)
+* Work around OpenSSL 3.0's HMAC issues with a zero-length key.
+  [[GitHub #538]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/538)
+* Fix a regression in OpenSSL::PKey::DSA.generate's default of 'q' size.
+  [[GitHub #483]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/483)
+  [[GitHub #539]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/539)
+* Restore OpenSSL::PKey.read's ability to decode "openssl ecparam -genkey"
+  output when linked against OpenSSL 3.0.
+  [[GitHub #535]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/535)
+  [[GitHub #540]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/540)
+* Restore error checks in OpenSSL::PKey::EC#{to_der,to_pem}.
+  [[GitHub #541]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/541)
+
+
 Version 3.0.0
 =============
 
@@ -100,6 +214,27 @@ Notable changes
     [[GitHub #342]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/342)
 
 
+Version 2.2.3
+=============
+
+Bug fixes
+---------
+
+* Fix serveral methods in OpenSSL::PKey::EC::Point attempting to raise an error
+  with an incorrect class, which would end up with a TypeError.
+  [[GitHub #570]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/570)
+* Fix OpenSSL::PKey::EC::Point#eql? and OpenSSL::PKey::EC::Group#eql?
+  incorrectly treated OpenSSL's internal errors as "not equal".
+  [[GitHub #564]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/564)
+* Fix build with LibreSSL 3.5 or later.
+
+
+Version 2.2.2
+=============
+
+Merged changes in 2.1.4.
+
+
 Version 2.2.1
 =============
 
@@ -194,6 +329,16 @@ Notable changes
   [[GitHub #297]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/297)
 
 
+Version 2.1.4
+=============
+
+Bug fixes
+---------
+
+* Do not use pkg-config if --with-openssl-dir option is specified.
+ [[GitHub #486]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/486)
+
+
 Version 2.1.3
 =============
 
@@ -312,7 +457,7 @@ Security fixes
 Bug fixes
 ---------
 
-* Fixed OpenSSL::PKey::*.{new,generate} immediately aborting if the thread is
+* Fixed OpenSSL::PKey::\*.{new,generate} immediately aborting if the thread is
   interrupted.
   [[Bug #14882]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14882)
   [[GitHub #205]](https://github.com/ruby/openssl/pull/205)
diff --git a/ext/openssl/depend b/ext/openssl/depend
index c38d224c85..0d03c85b80 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/depend
+++ b/ext/openssl/depend
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -125,7 +126,6 @@ ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -193,6 +192,7 @@ ossl.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -251,6 +251,7 @@ ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -319,7 +320,6 @@ ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -350,7 +350,6 @@ ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_asn1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -387,6 +386,7 @@ ossl_asn1.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_asn1.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_asn1.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_asn1.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_asn1.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_asn1.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_asn1.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_asn1.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -445,6 +445,7 @@ ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -513,7 +514,6 @@ ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -544,7 +544,6 @@ ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_bio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -581,6 +580,7 @@ ossl_bio.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_bio.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_bio.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_bio.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_bio.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_bio.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_bio.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_bio.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -639,6 +639,7 @@ ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -707,7 +708,6 @@ ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -738,7 +738,6 @@ ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_bn.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -776,6 +775,7 @@ ossl_bn.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_bn.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_bn.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_bn.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_bn.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_bn.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_bn.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_bn.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -834,6 +834,7 @@ ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -902,7 +903,6 @@ ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -933,7 +933,6 @@ ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_cipher.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -970,6 +969,7 @@ ossl_cipher.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_cipher.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_cipher.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_cipher.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_cipher.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_cipher.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_cipher.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_cipher.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -1028,6 +1028,7 @@ ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1096,7 +1097,6 @@ ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1127,7 +1127,6 @@ ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_config.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1164,6 +1163,7 @@ ossl_config.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_config.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_config.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_config.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_config.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_config.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_config.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_config.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -1222,6 +1222,7 @@ ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1290,7 +1291,6 @@ ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1321,7 +1321,6 @@ ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_digest.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1358,6 +1357,7 @@ ossl_digest.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_digest.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_digest.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_digest.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_digest.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_digest.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_digest.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_digest.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -1416,6 +1416,7 @@ ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1484,7 +1485,6 @@ ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1515,7 +1515,6 @@ ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_engine.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1552,6 +1551,7 @@ ossl_engine.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_engine.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_engine.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_engine.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_engine.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_engine.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_engine.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_engine.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -1610,6 +1610,7 @@ ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1678,7 +1679,6 @@ ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1709,7 +1709,6 @@ ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_hmac.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1746,6 +1745,7 @@ ossl_hmac.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_hmac.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_hmac.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_hmac.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_hmac.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_hmac.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_hmac.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_hmac.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -1804,6 +1804,7 @@ ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1872,7 +1873,6 @@ ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1903,7 +1903,6 @@ ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_kdf.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1940,6 +1939,7 @@ ossl_kdf.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_kdf.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_kdf.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_kdf.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_kdf.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_kdf.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_kdf.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_kdf.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -1998,6 +1998,7 @@ ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2066,7 +2067,6 @@ ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2097,7 +2097,6 @@ ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2134,6 +2133,7 @@ ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_ns_spki.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -2192,6 +2192,7 @@ ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2260,7 +2261,6 @@ ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2291,7 +2291,6 @@ ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2328,6 +2327,7 @@ ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_ocsp.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -2386,6 +2386,7 @@ ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2454,7 +2455,6 @@ ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2485,7 +2485,6 @@ ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2522,6 +2521,7 @@ ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_pkcs12.c
 ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkcs12.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -2580,6 +2580,7 @@ ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2648,7 +2649,6 @@ ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2679,7 +2679,6 @@ ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2716,6 +2715,7 @@ ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_pkcs7.c
 ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkcs7.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -2774,6 +2774,7 @@ ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2842,7 +2843,6 @@ ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2873,7 +2873,6 @@ ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkey.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2910,6 +2909,7 @@ ossl_pkey.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkey.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkey.o: ossl_pkey.c
 ossl_pkey.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_pkey.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkey.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkey.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkey.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -2968,6 +2968,7 @@ ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3036,7 +3037,6 @@ ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3067,7 +3067,6 @@ ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3104,6 +3103,7 @@ ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_pkey.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_pkey_dh.c
+ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkey_dh.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -3162,6 +3162,7 @@ ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3230,7 +3231,6 @@ ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3261,7 +3261,6 @@ ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3298,6 +3297,7 @@ ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_pkey.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_pkey_dsa.c
+ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkey_dsa.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -3356,6 +3356,7 @@ ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3424,7 +3425,6 @@ ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3455,7 +3455,6 @@ ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3492,6 +3491,7 @@ ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_pkey.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_pkey_ec.c
+ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkey_ec.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -3550,6 +3550,7 @@ ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3618,7 +3619,6 @@ ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3649,7 +3649,6 @@ ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3686,10 +3685,205 @@ ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_pkey.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_pkey_rsa.c
+ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_ts.h
 ossl_pkey_rsa.o: ossl_x509.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
+ossl_provider.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/encoding.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/coderange.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/ctype.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/pathname.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/re.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/symbol.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/transcode.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/io.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/onigmo.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+ossl_provider.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+ossl_provider.o: openssl_missing.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_asn1.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_bio.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_bn.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_cipher.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_config.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_digest.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_engine.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_hmac.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_kdf.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_ns_spki.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_ocsp.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_provider.c
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_provider.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_rand.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_ssl.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_ts.h
+ossl_provider.o: ossl_x509.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 ossl_rand.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
@@ -3744,6 +3938,7 @@ ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -3812,7 +4007,6 @@ ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -3843,7 +4037,6 @@ ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_rand.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -3879,6 +4072,7 @@ ossl_rand.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_rand.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_rand.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_rand.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_rand.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_rand.o: ossl_rand.c
 ossl_rand.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_rand.o: ossl_ssl.h
@@ -3938,6 +4132,7 @@ ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4006,7 +4201,6 @@ ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4037,7 +4231,6 @@ ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_ssl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4073,6 +4266,7 @@ ossl_ssl.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_ssl.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_ssl.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_ssl.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_ssl.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_ssl.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_ssl.o: ossl_ssl.c
 ossl_ssl.o: ossl_ssl.h
@@ -4132,6 +4326,7 @@ ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4200,7 +4395,6 @@ ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4231,7 +4425,6 @@ ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4267,6 +4460,7 @@ ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_ssl_session.o: ossl_ssl_session.c
@@ -4326,6 +4520,7 @@ ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4394,7 +4589,6 @@ ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4425,7 +4619,6 @@ ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_ts.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4461,6 +4654,7 @@ ossl_ts.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_ts.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_ts.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_ts.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_ts.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_ts.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_ts.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_ts.o: ossl_ts.c
@@ -4520,6 +4714,7 @@ ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4588,7 +4783,6 @@ ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4619,7 +4813,6 @@ ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4655,6 +4848,7 @@ ossl_x509.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -4714,6 +4908,7 @@ ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4782,7 +4977,6 @@ ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -4813,7 +5007,6 @@ ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -4849,6 +5042,7 @@ ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509attr.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -4908,6 +5102,7 @@ ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -4976,7 +5171,6 @@ ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5007,7 +5201,6 @@ ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5043,6 +5236,7 @@ ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509cert.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -5102,6 +5296,7 @@ ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5170,7 +5365,6 @@ ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5201,7 +5395,6 @@ ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5237,6 +5430,7 @@ ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509crl.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -5296,6 +5490,7 @@ ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5364,7 +5559,6 @@ ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5395,7 +5589,6 @@ ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5431,6 +5624,7 @@ ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509ext.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -5490,6 +5684,7 @@ ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5558,7 +5753,6 @@ ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5589,7 +5783,6 @@ ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509name.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5625,6 +5818,7 @@ ossl_x509name.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509name.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509name.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509name.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509name.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509name.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509name.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509name.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -5684,6 +5878,7 @@ ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5752,7 +5947,6 @@ ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5783,7 +5977,6 @@ ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509req.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -5819,6 +6012,7 @@ ossl_x509req.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509req.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509req.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509req.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509req.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509req.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509req.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509req.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -5878,6 +6072,7 @@ ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -5946,7 +6141,6 @@ ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -5977,7 +6171,6 @@ ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6013,6 +6206,7 @@ ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509revoked.o: ossl_ts.h
@@ -6072,6 +6266,7 @@ ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -6140,7 +6335,6 @@ ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -6171,7 +6365,6 @@ ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ossl_x509store.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -6207,6 +6400,7 @@ ossl_x509store.o: ossl_ocsp.h
 ossl_x509store.o: ossl_pkcs12.h
 ossl_x509store.o: ossl_pkcs7.h
 ossl_x509store.o: ossl_pkey.h
+ossl_x509store.o: ossl_provider.h
 ossl_x509store.o: ossl_rand.h
 ossl_x509store.o: ossl_ssl.h
 ossl_x509store.o: ossl_ts.h
diff --git a/ext/openssl/extconf.rb b/ext/openssl/extconf.rb
index cc2b1f8ba2..56f4a1c3ab 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/openssl/extconf.rb
@@ -13,20 +13,42 @@
 
 require "mkmf"
 
-dir_config_given = dir_config("openssl").any?
+ssl_dirs = nil
+if defined?(::TruffleRuby)
+  # Always respect the openssl prefix chosen by truffle/openssl-prefix
+  require 'truffle/openssl-prefix'
+  ssl_dirs = dir_config("openssl", ENV["OPENSSL_PREFIX"])
+else
+  ssl_dirs = dir_config("openssl")
+end
+dir_config_given = ssl_dirs.any?
+
+_, ssl_ldir = ssl_dirs
+if ssl_ldir&.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)&.none? { |dir| File.directory?(dir) }
+  # According to the `mkmf.rb#dir_config`, the `--with-openssl-dir=<dir>` uses
+  # the value of the `File.basename(RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG["libdir"])` as a
+  # loaded library directory name.
+  ruby_ldir_name = File.basename(RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG["libdir"])
+
+  raise "OpenSSL library directory could not be found in '#{ssl_ldir}'. " \
+    "You might want to fix this error in one of the following ways.\n" \
+    "  * Recompile OpenSSL by configuring it with --libdir=#{ruby_ldir_name} " \
+    " to specify the OpenSSL library directory.\n" \
+    "  * Recompile Ruby by configuring it with --libdir=<dir> to specify the " \
+    "Ruby library directory.\n" \
+    "  * Compile this openssl gem with --with-openssl-include=<dir> and " \
+    "--with-openssl-lib=<dir> options to specify the OpenSSL include and " \
+    "library directories."
+end
+
 dir_config("kerberos")
 
 Logging::message "=== OpenSSL for Ruby configurator ===\n"
 
-##
-# Adds -DOSSL_DEBUG for compilation and some more targets when GCC is used
-# To turn it on, use: --with-debug or --enable-debug
-#
-if with_config("debug") or enable_config("debug")
-  $defs.push("-DOSSL_DEBUG")
-end
+$defs.push("-D""OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED")
 
-have_func("rb_io_maybe_wait") # Ruby 3.1
+have_func("rb_io_descriptor")
+have_func("rb_io_maybe_wait(0, Qnil, Qnil, Qnil)", "ruby/io.h") # Ruby 3.1
 
 Logging::message "=== Checking for system dependent stuff... ===\n"
 have_library("nsl", "t_open")
@@ -120,8 +142,13 @@ if is_libressl && ($mswin || $mingw)
 end
 
 Logging::message "=== Checking for OpenSSL features... ===\n"
+evp_h = "openssl/evp.h".freeze
+x509_h = "openssl/x509.h".freeze
+ts_h = "openssl/ts.h".freeze
+ssl_h = "openssl/ssl.h".freeze
+
 # compile options
-have_func("RAND_egd")
+have_func("RAND_egd()", "openssl/rand.h")
 engines = %w{dynamic 4758cca aep atalla chil
              cswift nuron sureware ubsec padlock capi gmp gost cryptodev}
 engines.each { |name|
@@ -132,64 +159,64 @@ engines.each { |name|
 if !have_struct_member("SSL", "ctx", "openssl/ssl.h") || is_libressl
   $defs.push("-DHAVE_OPAQUE_OPENSSL")
 end
-have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_new")
-have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_free")
-have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx")
-have_func("X509_STORE_get_ex_data")
-have_func("X509_STORE_set_ex_data")
-have_func("X509_STORE_get_ex_new_index")
-have_func("X509_CRL_get0_signature")
-have_func("X509_REQ_get0_signature")
-have_func("X509_REVOKED_get0_serialNumber")
-have_func("X509_REVOKED_get0_revocationDate")
-have_func("X509_get0_tbs_sigalg")
-have_func("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_untrusted")
-have_func("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_cert")
-have_func("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_chain")
-have_func("OCSP_SINGLERESP_get0_id")
-have_func("SSL_CTX_get_ciphers")
-have_func("X509_up_ref")
-have_func("X509_CRL_up_ref")
-have_func("X509_STORE_up_ref")
-have_func("SSL_SESSION_up_ref")
-have_func("EVP_PKEY_up_ref")
-have_func("SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(NULL, 0)", "openssl/ssl.h")
-have_func("SSL_CTX_get_security_level")
-have_func("X509_get0_notBefore")
-have_func("SSL_SESSION_get_protocol_version")
-have_func("TS_STATUS_INFO_get0_status")
-have_func("TS_STATUS_INFO_get0_text")
-have_func("TS_STATUS_INFO_get0_failure_info")
-have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTS_set_certs(NULL, NULL)", "openssl/ts.h")
-have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTX_set_store")
-have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTX_add_flags")
-have_func("TS_RESP_CTX_set_time_cb")
-have_func("EVP_PBE_scrypt")
-have_func("SSL_CTX_set_post_handshake_auth")
+have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_new()", evp_h)
+have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_free(NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx(NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_get_ex_data(NULL, 0)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_set_ex_data(NULL, 0, NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_get_ex_new_index(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_CRL_get0_signature(NULL, NULL, NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_REQ_get0_signature(NULL, NULL, NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_REVOKED_get0_serialNumber(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_REVOKED_get0_revocationDate(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_get0_tbs_sigalg(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_untrusted(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_cert(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_chain(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("OCSP_SINGLERESP_get0_id(NULL)", "openssl/ocsp.h")
+have_func("SSL_CTX_get_ciphers(NULL)", ssl_h)
+have_func("X509_up_ref(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_CRL_up_ref(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("X509_STORE_up_ref(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("SSL_SESSION_up_ref(NULL)", ssl_h)
+have_func("EVP_PKEY_up_ref(NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(NULL, 0)", ssl_h)
+have_func("SSL_CTX_get_security_level(NULL)", ssl_h)
+have_func("X509_get0_notBefore(NULL)", x509_h)
+have_func("SSL_SESSION_get_protocol_version(NULL)", ssl_h)
+have_func("TS_STATUS_INFO_get0_status(NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("TS_STATUS_INFO_get0_text(NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("TS_STATUS_INFO_get0_failure_info(NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTS_set_certs(NULL, NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTX_set_store(NULL, NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTX_add_flags(NULL, 0)", ts_h)
+have_func("TS_RESP_CTX_set_time_cb(NULL, NULL, NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("EVP_PBE_scrypt(\"\", 0, (unsigned char *)\"\", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0)", evp_h)
+have_func("SSL_CTX_set_post_handshake_auth(NULL, 0)", ssl_h)
 
 # added in 1.1.1
-have_func("EVP_PKEY_check")
-have_func("SSL_CTX_set_ciphersuites")
+have_func("EVP_PKEY_check(NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key(0, NULL, (unsigned char *)\"\", 0)", evp_h)
+have_func("SSL_CTX_set_ciphersuites(NULL, \"\")", ssl_h)
 
 # added in 3.0.0
-openssl_3 =
-have_func("SSL_set0_tmp_dh_pkey")
-have_func("ERR_get_error_all")
-have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTX_set_certs(NULL, NULL)", "openssl/ts.h")
-have_func("SSL_CTX_load_verify_file")
-have_func("BN_check_prime")
-have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_get0_md")
-have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_get_pkey_ctx")
-have_func("EVP_PKEY_eq")
-have_func("EVP_PKEY_dup")
+have_func("SSL_set0_tmp_dh_pkey(NULL, NULL)", ssl_h)
+have_func("ERR_get_error_all(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)", "openssl/err.h")
+have_func("TS_VERIFY_CTX_set_certs(NULL, NULL)", ts_h)
+have_func("SSL_CTX_load_verify_file(NULL, \"\")", ssl_h)
+have_func("BN_check_prime(NULL, NULL, NULL)", "openssl/bn.h")
+have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_get0_md(NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("EVP_MD_CTX_get_pkey_ctx(NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("EVP_PKEY_eq(NULL, NULL)", evp_h)
+have_func("EVP_PKEY_dup(NULL)", evp_h)
 
 Logging::message "=== Checking done. ===\n"
 
-if openssl_3
-  if $warnflags&.sub!(/-W\K(?=deprecated-declarations)/, 'no-')
-    $warnflags << " -Wno-incompatible-pointer-types-discards-qualifiers"
-  end
-end
+# Append flags from environment variables.
+extcflags = ENV["RUBY_OPENSSL_EXTCFLAGS"]
+append_cflags(extcflags.split) if extcflags
+extldflags = ENV["RUBY_OPENSSL_EXTLDFLAGS"]
+append_ldflags(extldflags.split) if extldflags
 
 create_header
 create_makefile("openssl")
diff --git a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/buffering.rb b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/buffering.rb
index d47e1082ef..9570f14f37 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/buffering.rb
+++ b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/buffering.rb
@@ -93,9 +93,7 @@ module OpenSSL::Buffering
       nil
     else
       size = @rbuffer.size unless size
-      ret = @rbuffer[0, size]
-      @rbuffer[0, size] = ""
-      ret
+      @rbuffer.slice!(0, size)
     end
   end
 
@@ -106,8 +104,7 @@ module OpenSSL::Buffering
   #
   # Get the next 8bit byte from `ssl`.  Returns `nil` on EOF
   def getbyte
-    byte = read(1)
-    byte && byte.unpack1("C")
+    read(1)&.ord
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/digest.rb b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/digest.rb
index 2ff8398e44..0f35ddadd3 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/digest.rb
+++ b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/digest.rb
@@ -18,13 +18,9 @@ module OpenSSL
     # Return the hash value computed with _name_ Digest. _name_ is either the
     # long name or short name of a supported digest algorithm.
     #
-    # === Examples
+    # === Example
     #
     #   OpenSSL::Digest.digest("SHA256", "abc")
-    #
-    # which is equivalent to:
-    #
-    #   OpenSSL::Digest.digest('SHA256', "abc")
 
     def self.digest(name, data)
       super(data, name)
diff --git a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/pkey.rb b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/pkey.rb
index c3e0629091..0414658a10 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/pkey.rb
+++ b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/pkey.rb
@@ -167,8 +167,16 @@ module OpenSSL::PKey
       # +size+::
       #   The desired key size in bits.
       def generate(size, &blk)
+        # FIPS 186-4 specifies four (L,N) pairs: (1024,160), (2048,224),
+        # (2048,256), and (3072,256).
+        #
+        # q size is derived here with compatibility with
+        # DSA_generator_parameters_ex() which previous versions of ruby/openssl
+        # used to call.
+        qsize = size >= 2048 ? 256 : 160
         dsaparams = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters("DSA", {
           "dsa_paramgen_bits" => size,
+          "dsa_paramgen_q_bits" => qsize,
         }, &blk)
         OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key(dsaparams)
       end
@@ -355,7 +363,8 @@ module OpenSSL::PKey
     #    rsa.private_encrypt(string, padding) -> String
     #
     # Encrypt +string+ with the private key.  +padding+ defaults to
-    # PKCS1_PADDING. The encrypted string output can be decrypted using
+    # PKCS1_PADDING, which is known to be insecure but is kept for backwards
+    # compatibility. The encrypted string output can be decrypted using
     # #public_decrypt.
     #
     # <b>Deprecated in version 3.0</b>.
@@ -378,7 +387,8 @@ module OpenSSL::PKey
     #    rsa.public_decrypt(string, padding) -> String
     #
     # Decrypt +string+, which has been encrypted with the private key, with the
-    # public key.  +padding+ defaults to PKCS1_PADDING.
+    # public key.  +padding+ defaults to PKCS1_PADDING which is known to be
+    # insecure but is kept for backwards compatibility.
     #
     # <b>Deprecated in version 3.0</b>.
     # Consider using PKey::PKey#sign_raw and PKey::PKey#verify_raw, and
@@ -399,7 +409,8 @@ module OpenSSL::PKey
     #    rsa.public_encrypt(string, padding) -> String
     #
     # Encrypt +string+ with the public key.  +padding+ defaults to
-    # PKCS1_PADDING. The encrypted string output can be decrypted using
+    # PKCS1_PADDING, which is known to be insecure but is kept for backwards
+    # compatibility. The encrypted string output can be decrypted using
     # #private_decrypt.
     #
     # <b>Deprecated in version 3.0</b>.
@@ -420,7 +431,8 @@ module OpenSSL::PKey
     #    rsa.private_decrypt(string, padding) -> String
     #
     # Decrypt +string+, which has been encrypted with the public key, with the
-    # private key. +padding+ defaults to PKCS1_PADDING.
+    # private key. +padding+ defaults to PKCS1_PADDING, which is known to be
+    # insecure but is kept for backwards compatibility.
     #
     # <b>Deprecated in version 3.0</b>.
     # Consider using PKey::PKey#encrypt and PKey::PKey#decrypt instead.
diff --git a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb
index a9103ecd27..e557b8b483 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb
+++ b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 =end
 
 require "openssl/buffering"
+
+if defined?(OpenSSL::SSL)
+
 require "io/nonblock"
 require "ipaddr"
 require "socket"
@@ -31,21 +34,21 @@ module OpenSSL
       }
 
       if defined?(OpenSSL::PKey::DH)
-        DEFAULT_2048 = OpenSSL::PKey::DH.new <<-_end_of_pem_
+        DH_ffdhe2048 = OpenSSL::PKey::DH.new <<-_end_of_pem_
 -----BEGIN DH PARAMETERS-----
-MIIBCAKCAQEA7E6kBrYiyvmKAMzQ7i8WvwVk9Y/+f8S7sCTN712KkK3cqd1jhJDY
-JbrYeNV3kUIKhPxWHhObHKpD1R84UpL+s2b55+iMd6GmL7OYmNIT/FccKhTcveab
-VBmZT86BZKYyf45hUF9FOuUM9xPzuK3Vd8oJQvfYMCd7LPC0taAEljQLR4Edf8E6
-YoaOffgTf5qxiwkjnlVZQc3whgnEt9FpVMvQ9eknyeGB5KHfayAc3+hUAvI3/Cr3
-1bNveX5wInh5GDx1FGhKBZ+s1H+aedudCm7sCgRwv8lKWYGiHzObSma8A86KG+MD
-7Lo5JquQ3DlBodj3IDyPrxIv96lvRPFtAwIBAg==
+MIIBCAKCAQEA//////////+t+FRYortKmq/cViAnPTzx2LnFg84tNpWp4TZBFGQz
++8yTnc4kmz75fS/jY2MMddj2gbICrsRhetPfHtXV/WVhJDP1H18GbtCFY2VVPe0a
+87VXE15/V8k1mE8McODmi3fipona8+/och3xWKE2rec1MKzKT0g6eXq8CrGCsyT7
+YdEIqUuyyOP7uWrat2DX9GgdT0Kj3jlN9K5W7edjcrsZCwenyO4KbXCeAvzhzffi
+7MA0BM0oNC9hkXL+nOmFg/+OTxIy7vKBg8P+OxtMb61zO7X8vC7CIAXFjvGDfRaD
+ssbzSibBsu/6iGtCOGEoXJf//////////wIBAg==
 -----END DH PARAMETERS-----
         _end_of_pem_
-        private_constant :DEFAULT_2048
+        private_constant :DH_ffdhe2048
 
         DEFAULT_TMP_DH_CALLBACK = lambda { |ctx, is_export, keylen| # :nodoc:
           warn "using default DH parameters." if $VERBOSE
-          DEFAULT_2048
+          DH_ffdhe2048
         }
       end
 
@@ -491,7 +494,7 @@ YoaOffgTf5qxiwkjnlVZQc3whgnEt9FpVMvQ9eknyeGB5KHfayAc3+hUAvI3/Cr3
         unless ctx.session_id_context
           # see #6137 - session id may not exceed 32 bytes
           prng = ::Random.new($0.hash)
-          session_id = prng.bytes(16).unpack('H*')[0]
+          session_id = prng.bytes(16).unpack1('H*')
           @ctx.session_id_context = session_id
         end
         @start_immediately = true
@@ -540,3 +543,5 @@ YoaOffgTf5qxiwkjnlVZQc3whgnEt9FpVMvQ9eknyeGB5KHfayAc3+hUAvI3/Cr3
     end
   end
 end
+
+end
diff --git a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/version.rb b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/version.rb
index 5e60604353..9315a79381 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/version.rb
+++ b/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module OpenSSL
-  VERSION = "3.0.0"
+  VERSION = "3.2.0"
 end
diff --git a/ext/openssl/openssl.gemspec b/ext/openssl/openssl.gemspec
index c6cd818336..2765f55401 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/openssl.gemspec
+++ b/ext/openssl/openssl.gemspec
@@ -1,21 +1,27 @@
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "openssl"
-  spec.version       = "3.0.0"
+  spec.version       = "3.2.0"
   spec.authors       = ["Martin Bosslet", "SHIBATA Hiroshi", "Zachary Scott", "Kazuki Yamaguchi"]
   spec.email         = ["ruby-core@ruby-lang.org"]
-  spec.summary       = %q{OpenSSL provides SSL, TLS and general purpose cryptography.}
-  spec.description   = %q{It wraps the OpenSSL library.}
+  spec.summary       = %q{SSL/TLS and general-purpose cryptography for Ruby}
+  spec.description   = %q{OpenSSL for Ruby provides access to SSL/TLS and general-purpose cryptography based on the OpenSSL library.}
   spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/openssl"
   spec.license       = "Ruby"
 
-  spec.files         = Dir["lib/**/*.rb", "ext/**/*.{c,h,rb}", "*.md", "BSDL", "LICENSE.txt"]
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-  spec.extensions    = ["ext/openssl/extconf.rb"]
+  if Gem::Platform === spec.platform and spec.platform =~ 'java' or RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+    spec.platform    = "java"
+    spec.files       = []
+    spec.add_runtime_dependency('jruby-openssl', '~> 0.14')
+  else
+    spec.files         = Dir["lib/**/*.rb", "ext/**/*.{c,h,rb}", "*.md", "BSDL", "LICENSE.txt"]
+    spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+    spec.extensions    = ["ext/openssl/extconf.rb"]
+  end
 
   spec.extra_rdoc_files = Dir["*.md"]
   spec.rdoc_options = ["--main", "README.md"]
 
-  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.6.0"
+  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.7.0"
 
   spec.metadata["msys2_mingw_dependencies"] = "openssl"
 end
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl.c b/ext/openssl/ossl.c
index 6c532aca94..00eded55cb 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl.c
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ ossl_pem_passwd_cb(char *buf, int max_len, int flag, void *pwd_)
 
     while (1) {
 	/*
-	 * when the flag is nonzero, this passphrase
+	 * when the flag is nonzero, this password
 	 * will be used to perform encryption; otherwise it will
 	 * be used to perform decryption.
 	 */
@@ -272,23 +272,28 @@ VALUE
 ossl_make_error(VALUE exc, VALUE str)
 {
     unsigned long e;
+    const char *data;
+    int flags;
 
-    e = ERR_peek_last_error();
+    if (NIL_P(str))
+        str = rb_str_new(NULL, 0);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_ERR_GET_ERROR_ALL
+    e = ERR_peek_last_error_all(NULL, NULL, NULL, &data, &flags);
+#else
+    e = ERR_peek_last_error_line_data(NULL, NULL, &data, &flags);
+#endif
     if (e) {
-	const char *msg = ERR_reason_error_string(e);
+        const char *msg = ERR_reason_error_string(e);
 
-	if (NIL_P(str)) {
-	    if (msg) str = rb_str_new_cstr(msg);
-	}
-	else {
-	    if (RSTRING_LEN(str)) rb_str_cat2(str, ": ");
-	    rb_str_cat2(str, msg ? msg : "(null)");
-	}
-	ossl_clear_error();
+        if (RSTRING_LEN(str)) rb_str_cat_cstr(str, ": ");
+        rb_str_cat_cstr(str, msg ? msg : "(null)");
+        if (flags & ERR_TXT_STRING && data)
+            rb_str_catf(str, " (%s)", data);
+        ossl_clear_error();
     }
 
-    if (NIL_P(str)) str = rb_str_new(0, 0);
-    return rb_exc_new3(exc, str);
+    return rb_exc_new_str(exc, str);
 }
 
 void
@@ -369,22 +374,6 @@ ossl_get_errors(VALUE _)
  */
 VALUE dOSSL;
 
-#if !defined(HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO)
-void
-ossl_debug(const char *fmt, ...)
-{
-    va_list args;
-
-    if (dOSSL == Qtrue) {
-	fprintf(stderr, "OSSL_DEBUG: ");
-	va_start(args, fmt);
-	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, args);
-	va_end(args);
-	fprintf(stderr, " [CONTEXT N/A]\n");
-    }
-}
-#endif
-
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   OpenSSL.debug -> true | false
@@ -418,7 +407,11 @@ static VALUE
 ossl_fips_mode_get(VALUE self)
 {
 
-#ifdef OPENSSL_FIPS
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
+    VALUE enabled;
+    enabled = EVP_default_properties_is_fips_enabled(NULL) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+    return enabled;
+#elif defined(OPENSSL_FIPS)
     VALUE enabled;
     enabled = FIPS_mode() ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
     return enabled;
@@ -442,8 +435,18 @@ ossl_fips_mode_get(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_fips_mode_set(VALUE self, VALUE enabled)
 {
-
-#ifdef OPENSSL_FIPS
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
+    if (RTEST(enabled)) {
+        if (!EVP_default_properties_enable_fips(NULL, 1)) {
+            ossl_raise(eOSSLError, "Turning on FIPS mode failed");
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!EVP_default_properties_enable_fips(NULL, 0)) {
+            ossl_raise(eOSSLError, "Turning off FIPS mode failed");
+        }
+    }
+    return enabled;
+#elif defined(OPENSSL_FIPS)
     if (RTEST(enabled)) {
 	int mode = FIPS_mode();
 	if(!mode && !FIPS_mode_set(1)) /* turning on twice leads to an error */
@@ -460,75 +463,6 @@ ossl_fips_mode_set(VALUE self, VALUE enabled)
 #endif
 }
 
-#if defined(OSSL_DEBUG)
-#if !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && \
-    (OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000 && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_CRYPTO_MDEBUG) || \
-     defined(CRYPTO_malloc_debug_init))
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   OpenSSL.mem_check_start -> nil
- *
- * Calls CRYPTO_mem_ctrl(CRYPTO_MEM_CHECK_ON). Starts tracking memory
- * allocations. See also OpenSSL.print_mem_leaks.
- *
- * This is available only when built with a capable OpenSSL and --enable-debug
- * configure option.
- */
-static VALUE
-mem_check_start(VALUE self)
-{
-	CRYPTO_mem_ctrl(CRYPTO_MEM_CHECK_ON);
-	return Qnil;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   OpenSSL.print_mem_leaks -> true | false
- *
- * For debugging the Ruby/OpenSSL library. Calls CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(stderr).
- * Prints detected memory leaks to standard error. This cleans the global state
- * up thus you cannot use any methods of the library after calling this.
- *
- * Returns +true+ if leaks detected, +false+ otherwise.
- *
- * This is available only when built with a capable OpenSSL and --enable-debug
- * configure option.
- *
- * === Example
- *   OpenSSL.mem_check_start
- *   NOT_GCED = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(256)
- *
- *   END {
- *     GC.start
- *     OpenSSL.print_mem_leaks # will print the leakage
- *   }
- */
-static VALUE
-print_mem_leaks(VALUE self)
-{
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000
-    int ret;
-#endif
-
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE
-    // for Ruby 2.x
-    void ossl_bn_ctx_free(void); // ossl_bn.c
-    ossl_bn_ctx_free();
-#endif
-
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000
-    ret = CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(stderr);
-    if (ret < 0)
-	ossl_raise(eOSSLError, "CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp");
-    return ret ? Qfalse : Qtrue;
-#else
-    CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(stderr);
-    return Qnil;
-#endif
-}
-#endif
-#endif
-
 #if !defined(HAVE_OPENSSL_110_THREADING_API)
 /**
  * Stores locks needed for OpenSSL thread safety
@@ -671,23 +605,21 @@ ossl_crypto_fixed_length_secure_compare(VALUE dummy, VALUE str1, VALUE str2)
  *
  *   key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new 2048
  *
- *   open 'private_key.pem', 'w' do |io| io.write key.to_pem end
- *   open 'public_key.pem', 'w' do |io| io.write key.public_key.to_pem end
+ *   File.write 'private_key.pem', key.private_to_pem
+ *   File.write 'public_key.pem', key.public_to_pem
  *
  * === Exporting a Key
  *
  * Keys saved to disk without encryption are not secure as anyone who gets
  * ahold of the key may use it unless it is encrypted.  In order to securely
- * export a key you may export it with a pass phrase.
+ * export a key you may export it with a password.
  *
  *   cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new 'aes-256-cbc'
- *   pass_phrase = 'my secure pass phrase goes here'
+ *   password = 'my secure password goes here'
  *
- *   key_secure = key.export cipher, pass_phrase
+ *   key_secure = key.private_to_pem cipher, password
  *
- *   open 'private.secure.pem', 'w' do |io|
- *     io.write key_secure
- *   end
+ *   File.write 'private.secure.pem', key_secure
  *
  * OpenSSL::Cipher.ciphers returns a list of available ciphers.
  *
@@ -707,13 +639,13 @@ ossl_crypto_fixed_length_secure_compare(VALUE dummy, VALUE str1, VALUE str2)
  *
  * === Loading an Encrypted Key
  *
- * OpenSSL will prompt you for your pass phrase when loading an encrypted key.
- * If you will not be able to type in the pass phrase you may provide it when
+ * OpenSSL will prompt you for your password when loading an encrypted key.
+ * If you will not be able to type in the password you may provide it when
  * loading the key:
  *
  *   key4_pem = File.read 'private.secure.pem'
- *   pass_phrase = 'my secure pass phrase goes here'
- *   key4 = OpenSSL::PKey.read key4_pem, pass_phrase
+ *   password = 'my secure password goes here'
+ *   key4 = OpenSSL::PKey.read key4_pem, password
  *
  * == RSA Encryption
  *
@@ -829,45 +761,6 @@ ossl_crypto_fixed_length_secure_compare(VALUE dummy, VALUE str1, VALUE str2)
  *   decrypted = cipher.update encrypted
  *   decrypted << cipher.final
  *
- * == PKCS #5 Password-based Encryption
- *
- * PKCS #5 is a password-based encryption standard documented at
- * RFC2898[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt].  It allows a short password or
- * passphrase to be used to create a secure encryption key. If possible, PBKDF2
- * as described above should be used if the circumstances allow it.
- *
- * PKCS #5 uses a Cipher, a pass phrase and a salt to generate an encryption
- * key.
- *
- *   pass_phrase = 'my secure pass phrase goes here'
- *   salt = '8 octets'
- *
- * === Encryption
- *
- * First set up the cipher for encryption
- *
- *   encryptor = OpenSSL::Cipher.new 'aes-256-cbc'
- *   encryptor.encrypt
- *   encryptor.pkcs5_keyivgen pass_phrase, salt
- *
- * Then pass the data you want to encrypt through
- *
- *   encrypted = encryptor.update 'top secret document'
- *   encrypted << encryptor.final
- *
- * === Decryption
- *
- * Use a new Cipher instance set up for decryption
- *
- *   decryptor = OpenSSL::Cipher.new 'aes-256-cbc'
- *   decryptor.decrypt
- *   decryptor.pkcs5_keyivgen pass_phrase, salt
- *
- * Then pass the data you want to decrypt through
- *
- *   plain = decryptor.update encrypted
- *   plain << decryptor.final
- *
  * == X509 Certificates
  *
  * === Creating a Certificate
@@ -945,12 +838,12 @@ ossl_crypto_fixed_length_secure_compare(VALUE dummy, VALUE str1, VALUE str2)
  * not readable by other users.
  *
  *   ca_key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new 2048
- *   pass_phrase = 'my secure pass phrase goes here'
+ *   password = 'my secure password goes here'
  *
- *   cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new 'aes-256-cbc'
+ *   cipher = 'aes-256-cbc'
  *
  *   open 'ca_key.pem', 'w', 0400 do |io|
- *     io.write ca_key.export(cipher, pass_phrase)
+ *     io.write ca_key.private_to_pem(cipher, password)
  *   end
  *
  * === CA Certificate
@@ -1170,8 +1063,8 @@ Init_openssl(void)
     /*
      * Init main module
      */
-    mOSSL = rb_define_module("OpenSSL");
     rb_global_variable(&mOSSL);
+    mOSSL = rb_define_module("OpenSSL");
     rb_define_singleton_method(mOSSL, "fixed_length_secure_compare", ossl_crypto_fixed_length_secure_compare, 2);
 
     /*
@@ -1190,15 +1083,35 @@ Init_openssl(void)
 
     /*
      * Version number of OpenSSL the ruby OpenSSL extension was built with
-     * (base 16)
+     * (base 16). The formats are below.
+     *
+     * [OpenSSL 3] <tt>0xMNN00PP0 (major minor 00 patch 0)</tt>
+     * [OpenSSL before 3] <tt>0xMNNFFPPS (major minor fix patch status)</tt>
+     * [LibreSSL] <tt>0x20000000 (fixed value)</tt>
+     *
+     * See also the man page OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER(3).
      */
     rb_define_const(mOSSL, "OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER", INT2NUM(OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER));
 
+#if defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+    /*
+     * Version number of LibreSSL the ruby OpenSSL extension was built with
+     * (base 16). The format is <tt>0xMNNFF00f (major minor fix 00
+     * status)</tt>. This constant is only defined in LibreSSL cases.
+     *
+     * See also the man page LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER(3).
+     */
+    rb_define_const(mOSSL, "LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER", INT2NUM(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER));
+#endif
+
     /*
      * Boolean indicating whether OpenSSL is FIPS-capable or not
      */
     rb_define_const(mOSSL, "OPENSSL_FIPS",
-#ifdef OPENSSL_FIPS
+/* OpenSSL 3 is FIPS-capable even when it is installed without fips option */
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
+                    Qtrue
+#elif defined(OPENSSL_FIPS)
 		    Qtrue
 #else
 		    Qfalse
@@ -1208,12 +1121,12 @@ Init_openssl(void)
     rb_define_module_function(mOSSL, "fips_mode", ossl_fips_mode_get, 0);
     rb_define_module_function(mOSSL, "fips_mode=", ossl_fips_mode_set, 1);
 
+    rb_global_variable(&eOSSLError);
     /*
      * Generic error,
      * common for all classes under OpenSSL module
      */
     eOSSLError = rb_define_class_under(mOSSL,"OpenSSLError",rb_eStandardError);
-    rb_global_variable(&eOSSLError);
 
     /*
      * Init debug core
@@ -1254,42 +1167,7 @@ Init_openssl(void)
     Init_ossl_x509();
     Init_ossl_ocsp();
     Init_ossl_engine();
+    Init_ossl_provider();
     Init_ossl_asn1();
     Init_ossl_kdf();
-
-#if defined(OSSL_DEBUG)
-    /*
-     * For debugging Ruby/OpenSSL. Enable only when built with --enable-debug
-     */
-#if !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && \
-    (OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000 && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_CRYPTO_MDEBUG) || \
-     defined(CRYPTO_malloc_debug_init))
-    rb_define_module_function(mOSSL, "mem_check_start", mem_check_start, 0);
-    rb_define_module_function(mOSSL, "print_mem_leaks", print_mem_leaks, 0);
-
-#if defined(CRYPTO_malloc_debug_init) /* <= 1.0.2 */
-    CRYPTO_malloc_debug_init();
-#endif
-
-#if defined(V_CRYPTO_MDEBUG_ALL) /* <= 1.0.2 */
-    CRYPTO_set_mem_debug_options(V_CRYPTO_MDEBUG_ALL);
-#endif
-
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000 /* <= 1.0.2 */
-    {
-	int i;
-	/*
-	 * See crypto/ex_data.c; call def_get_class() immediately to avoid
-	 * allocations. 15 is the maximum number that is used as the class index
-	 * in OpenSSL 1.0.2.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i <= 15; i++) {
-	    if (CRYPTO_get_ex_new_index(i, 0, (void *)"ossl-mdebug-dummy", 0, 0, 0) < 0)
-		rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "CRYPTO_get_ex_new_index for "
-			 "class index %d failed", i);
-	}
-    }
-#endif
-#endif
-#endif
 }
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl.h b/ext/openssl/ossl.h
index 2ab8aeaebb..68d42b71e2 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl.h
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl.h
@@ -52,10 +52,20 @@
       (LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= ((maj << 28) | (min << 20) | (pat << 12)))
 #endif
 
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
+# define OSSL_3_const const
+#else
+# define OSSL_3_const /* const */
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE) && !OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
 # define OSSL_USE_ENGINE
 #endif
 
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
+# define OSSL_USE_PROVIDER
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Common Module
  */
@@ -151,7 +161,6 @@ VALUE ossl_to_der_if_possible(VALUE);
  */
 extern VALUE dOSSL;
 
-#if defined(HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO)
 #define OSSL_Debug(...) do { \
   if (dOSSL == Qtrue) { \
     fprintf(stderr, "OSSL_DEBUG: "); \
@@ -160,11 +169,6 @@ extern VALUE dOSSL;
   } \
 } while (0)
 
-#else
-void ossl_debug(const char *, ...);
-#define OSSL_Debug ossl_debug
-#endif
-
 /*
  * Include all parts
  */
@@ -188,6 +192,7 @@ void ossl_debug(const char *, ...);
 #endif
 #include "ossl_x509.h"
 #include "ossl_engine.h"
+#include "ossl_provider.h"
 #include "ossl_kdf.h"
 
 void Init_openssl(void);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c
index 0d3fa9ad15..71c452c88a 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_asn1.c
@@ -509,7 +509,8 @@ ossl_asn1_get_asn1type(VALUE obj)
     ASN1_TYPE *ret;
     VALUE value, rflag;
     void *ptr;
-    void (*free_func)();
+    typedef void free_func_type(void *);
+    free_func_type *free_func;
     int tag;
 
     tag = ossl_asn1_default_tag(obj);
@@ -522,16 +523,16 @@ ossl_asn1_get_asn1type(VALUE obj)
     case V_ASN1_INTEGER:         /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case V_ASN1_ENUMERATED:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1int(value);
-	free_func = ASN1_INTEGER_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_INTEGER_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_BIT_STRING:
         rflag = rb_attr_get(obj, sivUNUSED_BITS);
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1bstr(value, NUM2INT(rflag));
-	free_func = ASN1_BIT_STRING_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_BIT_STRING_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_NULL:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1null(value);
-	free_func = ASN1_NULL_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_NULL_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING:    /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case V_ASN1_UTF8STRING:      /* FALLTHROUGH */
@@ -546,24 +547,24 @@ ossl_asn1_get_asn1type(VALUE obj)
     case V_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING: /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case V_ASN1_BMPSTRING:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1str(value);
-	free_func = ASN1_STRING_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_STRING_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_OBJECT:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1obj(value);
-	free_func = ASN1_OBJECT_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_OBJECT_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_UTCTIME:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1utime(value);
-	free_func = ASN1_TIME_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_TIME_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1gtime(value);
-	free_func = ASN1_TIME_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_TIME_free;
 	break;
     case V_ASN1_SET:             /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case V_ASN1_SEQUENCE:
 	ptr = obj_to_asn1derstr(obj);
-	free_func = ASN1_STRING_free;
+	free_func = (free_func_type *)ASN1_STRING_free;
 	break;
     default:
 	ossl_raise(eASN1Error, "unsupported ASN.1 type");
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_bn.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_bn.c
index 56fa0ec302..ce0d3ec7ee 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_bn.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_bn.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_bn_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_bn_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -577,22 +577,33 @@ BIGNUM_2c(gcd)
  */
 BIGNUM_2c(mod_sqr)
 
+#define BIGNUM_2cr(func)					\
+    static VALUE						\
+    ossl_bn_##func(VALUE self, VALUE other)			\
+    {								\
+	BIGNUM *bn1, *bn2 = GetBNPtr(other), *result;		\
+	VALUE obj;						\
+	GetBN(self, bn1);					\
+	obj = NewBN(rb_obj_class(self));			\
+	if (!(result = BN_##func(NULL, bn1, bn2, ossl_bn_ctx)))	\
+	    ossl_raise(eBNError, NULL);				\
+	SetBN(obj, result);					\
+	return obj;						\
+    }
+
 /*
+ * Document-method: OpenSSL::BN#mod_sqrt
+ * call-seq:
+ *   bn.mod_sqrt(bn2) => aBN
+ */
+BIGNUM_2cr(mod_sqrt)
+
+/*
+ * Document-method: OpenSSL::BN#mod_inverse
  * call-seq:
  *    bn.mod_inverse(bn2) => aBN
  */
-static VALUE
-ossl_bn_mod_inverse(VALUE self, VALUE other)
-{
-    BIGNUM *bn1, *bn2 = GetBNPtr(other), *result;
-    VALUE obj;
-    GetBN(self, bn1);
-    obj = NewBN(rb_obj_class(self));
-    if (!(result = BN_mod_inverse(NULL, bn1, bn2, ossl_bn_ctx)))
-        ossl_raise(eBNError, "BN_mod_inverse");
-    SetBN(obj, result);
-    return obj;
-}
+BIGNUM_2cr(mod_inverse)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -1234,6 +1245,7 @@ Init_ossl_bn(void)
     rb_define_method(cBN, "mod_sub", ossl_bn_mod_sub, 2);
     rb_define_method(cBN, "mod_mul", ossl_bn_mod_mul, 2);
     rb_define_method(cBN, "mod_sqr", ossl_bn_mod_sqr, 1);
+    rb_define_method(cBN, "mod_sqrt", ossl_bn_mod_sqrt, 1);
     rb_define_method(cBN, "**", ossl_bn_exp, 1);
     rb_define_method(cBN, "mod_exp", ossl_bn_mod_exp, 2);
     rb_define_method(cBN, "gcd", ossl_bn_gcd, 1);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_cipher.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_cipher.c
index d9c7891433..110610e1f9 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_cipher.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_cipher.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_cipher_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_cipher_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -384,8 +384,7 @@ ossl_cipher_update(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     StringValue(data);
     in = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data);
-    if ((in_len = RSTRING_LEN(data)) == 0)
-        ossl_raise(rb_eArgError, "data must not be empty");
+    in_len = RSTRING_LEN(data);
     GetCipher(self, ctx);
     out_len = in_len+EVP_CIPHER_CTX_block_size(ctx);
     if (out_len <= 0) {
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_config.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_config.c
index 0bac027487..0e598b4d51 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_config.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_config.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_config_type = {
     {
         0, nconf_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 CONF *
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_digest.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_digest.c
index fc326ec14a..16aeeb8106 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_digest.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_digest.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_digest_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_digest_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_engine.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_engine.c
index 1abde7f766..9e86321d06 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_engine.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_engine.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_engine_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_engine_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_hmac.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_hmac.c
index bfe3a74b12..c485ba7e67 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_hmac.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_hmac.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_hmac_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_hmac_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -97,11 +97,19 @@ ossl_hmac_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE key, VALUE digest)
 
     GetHMAC(self, ctx);
     StringValue(key);
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+    pkey = EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key(EVP_PKEY_HMAC, NULL,
+                                        (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(key),
+                                        RSTRING_LENINT(key));
+    if (!pkey)
+        ossl_raise(eHMACError, "EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key");
+#else
     pkey = EVP_PKEY_new_mac_key(EVP_PKEY_HMAC, NULL,
                                 (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(key),
                                 RSTRING_LENINT(key));
     if (!pkey)
         ossl_raise(eHMACError, "EVP_PKEY_new_mac_key");
+#endif
     if (EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx, NULL, ossl_evp_get_digestbyname(digest),
                            NULL, pkey) != 1) {
         EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_kdf.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_kdf.c
index 7fa38b865e..48b161d4f4 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_kdf.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_kdf.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2007, 2017 Ruby/OpenSSL Project Authors
  */
 #include "ossl.h"
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 0) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 6, 0)
 # include <openssl/kdf.h>
 #endif
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ static VALUE mKDF, eKDF;
  * (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2898#section-5.2).
  *
  * === Parameters
- * pass       :: The passphrase.
+ * pass       :: The password.
  * salt       :: The salt. Salts prevent attacks based on dictionaries of common
  *               passwords and attacks based on rainbow tables. It is a public
  *               value that can be safely stored along with the password (e.g.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ kdf_scrypt(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 }
 #endif
 
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 0) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 6, 0)
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *    KDF.hkdf(ikm, salt:, info:, length:, hash:) -> String
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ Init_ossl_kdf(void)
 #if defined(HAVE_EVP_PBE_SCRYPT)
     rb_define_module_function(mKDF, "scrypt", kdf_scrypt, -1);
 #endif
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 0) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 6, 0)
     rb_define_module_function(mKDF, "hkdf", kdf_hkdf, -1);
 #endif
 }
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_ns_spki.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_ns_spki.c
index 9b1147367a..9bed1f330e 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_ns_spki.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_ns_spki.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_netscape_spki_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_netscape_spki_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c
index 9c8d768d87..df986bb3ee 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ocsp_request_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ocsp_request_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ocsp_response_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ocsp_response_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ocsp_basicresp_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ocsp_basicresp_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ocsp_singleresp_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ocsp_singleresp_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ocsp_certid_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ocsp_certid_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1701,7 +1701,7 @@ Init_ossl_ocsp(void)
      *   require 'net/http'
      *
      *   http_response =
-     *     Net::HTTP.start ocsp_uri.hostname, ocsp.port do |http|
+     *     Net::HTTP.start ocsp_uri.hostname, ocsp_uri.port do |http|
      *       http.post ocsp_uri.path, request.to_der,
      *                 'content-type' => 'application/ocsp-request'
      *   end
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs12.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs12.c
index fb947df1d0..164b2da465 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs12.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs12.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_pkcs12_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_pkcs12_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs7.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs7.c
index dbe5347639..78dcbd667a 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs7.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkcs7.c
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ const rb_data_type_t ossl_pkcs7_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_pkcs7_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_pkcs7_signer_info_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_pkcs7_signer_info_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_pkcs7_recip_info_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_pkcs7_recip_info_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c
index 24d0da4683..013412c27f 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const rb_data_type_t ossl_evp_pkey_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_evp_pkey_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -82,41 +82,103 @@ ossl_pkey_new(EVP_PKEY *pkey)
 #if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
 # include <openssl/decoder.h>
 
-EVP_PKEY *
-ossl_pkey_read_generic(BIO *bio, VALUE pass)
+static EVP_PKEY *
+ossl_pkey_read(BIO *bio, const char *input_type, int selection, VALUE pass)
 {
     void *ppass = (void *)pass;
     OSSL_DECODER_CTX *dctx;
     EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
     int pos = 0, pos2;
 
-    dctx = OSSL_DECODER_CTX_new_for_pkey(&pkey, "DER", NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+    dctx = OSSL_DECODER_CTX_new_for_pkey(&pkey, input_type, NULL, NULL,
+                                         selection, NULL, NULL);
     if (!dctx)
         goto out;
-    if (OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_pem_password_cb(dctx, ossl_pem_passwd_cb, ppass) != 1)
-        goto out;
-
-    /* First check DER */
-    if (OSSL_DECODER_from_bio(dctx, bio) == 1)
-        goto out;
-
-    /* Then check PEM; multiple OSSL_DECODER_from_bio() calls may be needed */
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if (OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_input_type(dctx, "PEM") != 1)
+    if (OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_pem_password_cb(dctx, ossl_pem_passwd_cb,
+                                             ppass) != 1)
         goto out;
-    while (OSSL_DECODER_from_bio(dctx, bio) != 1) {
-        if (BIO_eof(bio))
+    while (1) {
+        if (OSSL_DECODER_from_bio(dctx, bio) == 1)
             goto out;
+        if (BIO_eof(bio))
+            break;
         pos2 = BIO_tell(bio);
         if (pos2 < 0 || pos2 <= pos)
-            goto out;
+            break;
+        ossl_clear_error();
         pos = pos2;
     }
-
   out:
+    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
     OSSL_DECODER_CTX_free(dctx);
     return pkey;
 }
+
+EVP_PKEY *
+ossl_pkey_read_generic(BIO *bio, VALUE pass)
+{
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
+    /* First check DER, then check PEM. */
+    const char *input_types[] = {"DER", "PEM"};
+    int input_type_num = (int)(sizeof(input_types) / sizeof(char *));
+    /*
+     * Non-zero selections to try to decode.
+     *
+     * See EVP_PKEY_fromdata(3) - Selections to see all the selections.
+     *
+     * This is a workaround for the decoder failing to decode or returning
+     * bogus keys with selection 0, if a key management provider is different
+     * from a decoder provider. The workaround is to avoid using selection 0.
+     *
+     * Affected OpenSSL versions: >= 3.1.0, <= 3.1.2, or >= 3.0.0, <= 3.0.10
+     * Fixed OpenSSL versions: 3.2, next release of the 3.1.z and 3.0.z
+     *
+     * See https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/21519 for details.
+     *
+     * First check for private key formats (EVP_PKEY_KEYPAIR). This is to keep
+     * compatibility with ruby/openssl < 3.0 which decoded the following as a
+     * private key.
+     *
+     *     $ openssl ecparam -name prime256v1 -genkey -outform PEM
+     *     -----BEGIN EC PARAMETERS-----
+     *     BggqhkjOPQMBBw==
+     *     -----END EC PARAMETERS-----
+     *     -----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+     *     MHcCAQEEIAG8ugBbA5MHkqnZ9ujQF93OyUfL9tk8sxqM5Wv5tKg5oAoGCCqGSM49
+     *     AwEHoUQDQgAEVcjhJfkwqh5C7kGuhAf8XaAjVuG5ADwb5ayg/cJijCgs+GcXeedj
+     *     86avKpGH84DXUlB23C/kPt+6fXYlitUmXQ==
+     *     -----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+     *
+     * While the first PEM block is a proper encoding of ECParameters, thus
+     * OSSL_DECODER_from_bio() would pick it up, ruby/openssl used to return
+     * the latter instead. Existing applications expect this behavior.
+     *
+     * Note that normally, the input is supposed to contain a single decodable
+     * PEM block only, so this special handling should not create a new problem.
+     *
+     * Note that we need to create the OSSL_DECODER_CTX variable each time when
+     * we use the different selection as a workaround.
+     * See https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues/20657 for details.
+     */
+    int selections[] = {
+        EVP_PKEY_KEYPAIR,
+        EVP_PKEY_KEY_PARAMETERS,
+        EVP_PKEY_PUBLIC_KEY
+    };
+    int selection_num = (int)(sizeof(selections) / sizeof(int));
+    int i, j;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < input_type_num; i++) {
+        for (j = 0; j < selection_num; j++) {
+            pkey = ossl_pkey_read(bio, input_types[i], selections[j], pass);
+            if (pkey) {
+                goto out;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  out:
+    return pkey;
+}
 #else
 EVP_PKEY *
 ossl_pkey_read_generic(BIO *bio, VALUE pass)
@@ -200,6 +262,7 @@ static VALUE
 pkey_ctx_apply_options0(VALUE args_v)
 {
     VALUE *args = (VALUE *)args_v;
+    Check_Type(args[1], T_HASH);
 
     rb_block_call(args[1], rb_intern("each"), 0, NULL,
                   pkey_ctx_apply_options_i, args[0]);
@@ -220,9 +283,9 @@ struct pkey_blocking_generate_arg {
     EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
     EVP_PKEY *pkey;
     int state;
-    int yield: 1;
-    int genparam: 1;
-    int interrupted: 1;
+    unsigned int yield: 1;
+    unsigned int genparam: 1;
+    unsigned int interrupted: 1;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -572,6 +635,72 @@ ossl_pkey_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *      OpenSSL::PKey.new_raw_private_key(algo, string) -> PKey
+ *
+ * See the OpenSSL documentation for EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key()
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+ossl_pkey_new_raw_private_key(VALUE self, VALUE type, VALUE key)
+{
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
+    const EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD *ameth;
+    int pkey_id;
+    size_t keylen;
+
+    StringValue(type);
+    StringValue(key);
+    ameth = EVP_PKEY_asn1_find_str(NULL, RSTRING_PTR(type), RSTRING_LENINT(type));
+    if (!ameth)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "algorithm %"PRIsVALUE" not found", type);
+    EVP_PKEY_asn1_get0_info(&pkey_id, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, ameth);
+
+    keylen = RSTRING_LEN(key);
+
+    pkey = EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key(pkey_id, NULL, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(key), keylen);
+    if (!pkey)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key");
+
+    return ossl_pkey_new(pkey);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *      OpenSSL::PKey.new_raw_public_key(algo, string) -> PKey
+ *
+ * See the OpenSSL documentation for EVP_PKEY_new_raw_public_key()
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+ossl_pkey_new_raw_public_key(VALUE self, VALUE type, VALUE key)
+{
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
+    const EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD *ameth;
+    int pkey_id;
+    size_t keylen;
+
+    StringValue(type);
+    StringValue(key);
+    ameth = EVP_PKEY_asn1_find_str(NULL, RSTRING_PTR(type), RSTRING_LENINT(type));
+    if (!ameth)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "algorithm %"PRIsVALUE" not found", type);
+    EVP_PKEY_asn1_get0_info(&pkey_id, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, ameth);
+
+    keylen = RSTRING_LEN(key);
+
+    pkey = EVP_PKEY_new_raw_public_key(pkey_id, NULL, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(key), keylen);
+    if (!pkey)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_new_raw_public_key");
+
+    return ossl_pkey_new(pkey);
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *    pkey.oid -> string
@@ -753,6 +882,18 @@ ossl_pkey_private_to_der(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *
  * Serializes the private key to PEM-encoded PKCS #8 format. See #private_to_der
  * for more details.
+ *
+ * An unencrypted PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *   -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *   [...]
+ *   -----END PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *
+ * An encrypted PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *   -----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *   [...]
+ *   -----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_pkey_private_to_pem(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -760,6 +901,35 @@ ossl_pkey_private_to_pem(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     return do_pkcs8_export(argc, argv, self, 0);
 }
 
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     pkey.raw_private_key   => string
+ *
+ *  See the OpenSSL documentation for EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key()
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+ossl_pkey_raw_private_key(VALUE self)
+{
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
+    VALUE str;
+    size_t len;
+
+    GetPKey(self, pkey);
+    if (EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(pkey, NULL, &len) != 1)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key");
+    str = rb_str_new(NULL, len);
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key(pkey, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str), &len) != 1)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_get_raw_private_key");
+
+    rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+
+    return str;
+}
+#endif
+
 VALUE
 ossl_pkey_export_spki(VALUE self, int to_der)
 {
@@ -802,6 +972,12 @@ ossl_pkey_public_to_der(VALUE self)
  *    pkey.public_to_pem -> string
  *
  * Serializes the public key to PEM-encoded X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo format.
+ *
+ * A PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *   -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *   [...]
+ *   -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_pkey_public_to_pem(VALUE self)
@@ -809,6 +985,35 @@ ossl_pkey_public_to_pem(VALUE self)
     return ossl_pkey_export_spki(self, 0);
 }
 
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     pkey.raw_public_key   => string
+ *
+ *  See the OpenSSL documentation for EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key()
+ */
+
+static VALUE
+ossl_pkey_raw_public_key(VALUE self)
+{
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
+    VALUE str;
+    size_t len;
+
+    GetPKey(self, pkey);
+    if (EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pkey, NULL, &len) != 1)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key");
+    str = rb_str_new(NULL, len);
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(pkey, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str), &len) != 1)
+        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key");
+
+    rb_str_set_len(str, len);
+
+    return str;
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *      pkey.compare?(another_pkey) -> true | false
@@ -911,7 +1116,7 @@ ossl_pkey_sign(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
             rb_jump_tag(state);
         }
     }
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 1) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 4, 0)
     if (EVP_DigestSign(ctx, NULL, &siglen, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
                        RSTRING_LEN(data)) < 1) {
         EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
@@ -1016,7 +1221,7 @@ ossl_pkey_verify(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
             rb_jump_tag(state);
         }
     }
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 1) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 4, 0)
     ret = EVP_DigestVerify(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
                            RSTRING_LEN(sig), (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
                            RSTRING_LEN(data));
@@ -1546,6 +1751,10 @@ Init_ossl_pkey(void)
     rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "read", ossl_pkey_new_from_data, -1);
     rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "generate_parameters", ossl_pkey_s_generate_parameters, -1);
     rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "generate_key", ossl_pkey_s_generate_key, -1);
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+    rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "new_raw_private_key", ossl_pkey_new_raw_private_key, 2);
+    rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "new_raw_public_key", ossl_pkey_new_raw_public_key, 2);
+#endif
 
     rb_define_alloc_func(cPKey, ossl_pkey_alloc);
     rb_define_method(cPKey, "initialize", ossl_pkey_initialize, 0);
@@ -1561,6 +1770,10 @@ Init_ossl_pkey(void)
     rb_define_method(cPKey, "private_to_pem", ossl_pkey_private_to_pem, -1);
     rb_define_method(cPKey, "public_to_der", ossl_pkey_public_to_der, 0);
     rb_define_method(cPKey, "public_to_pem", ossl_pkey_public_to_pem, 0);
+#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_NEW_RAW_PRIVATE_KEY
+    rb_define_method(cPKey, "raw_private_key", ossl_pkey_raw_private_key, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cPKey, "raw_public_key", ossl_pkey_raw_public_key, 0);
+#endif
     rb_define_method(cPKey, "compare?", ossl_pkey_compare, 1);
 
     rb_define_method(cPKey, "sign", ossl_pkey_sign, -1);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.h b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.h
index 38fb9fad10..10669b824c 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.h
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.h
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ void Init_ossl_ec(void);
  */									\
 static VALUE ossl_##_keytype##_get_##_name(VALUE self)			\
 {									\
-	_type *obj;							\
+	const _type *obj;						\
 	const BIGNUM *bn;						\
 									\
 	Get##_type(self, obj);						\
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c
index 696455dcfd..a231814a99 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dh.c
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ ossl_dh_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 static VALUE
 ossl_dh_is_public(VALUE self)
 {
-    DH *dh;
+    OSSL_3_const DH *dh;
     const BIGNUM *bn;
 
     GetDH(self, dh);
@@ -197,14 +197,14 @@ ossl_dh_is_public(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_dh_is_private(VALUE self)
 {
-    DH *dh;
+    OSSL_3_const DH *dh;
     const BIGNUM *bn;
 
     GetDH(self, dh);
     DH_get0_key(dh, NULL, &bn);
 
 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE)
-    return (bn || DH_get0_engine(dh)) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+    return (bn || DH_get0_engine((DH *)dh)) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
 #else
     return bn ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
 #endif
@@ -216,14 +216,25 @@ ossl_dh_is_private(VALUE self)
  *     dh.to_pem -> aString
  *     dh.to_s -> aString
  *
- * Encodes this DH to its PEM encoding. Note that any existing per-session
- * public/private keys will *not* get encoded, just the Diffie-Hellman
- * parameters will be encoded.
+ * Serializes the DH parameters to a PEM-encoding.
+ *
+ * Note that any existing per-session public/private keys will *not* get
+ * encoded, just the Diffie-Hellman parameters will be encoded.
+ *
+ * PEM-encoded parameters will look like:
+ *
+ *   -----BEGIN DH PARAMETERS-----
+ *   [...]
+ *   -----END DH PARAMETERS-----
+ *
+ * See also #public_to_pem (X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo) and
+ * #private_to_pem (PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo or EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo) for
+ * serialization with the private or public key components.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_dh_export(VALUE self)
 {
-    DH *dh;
+    OSSL_3_const DH *dh;
     BIO *out;
     VALUE str;
 
@@ -244,15 +255,19 @@ ossl_dh_export(VALUE self)
  *  call-seq:
  *     dh.to_der -> aString
  *
- * Encodes this DH to its DER encoding. Note that any existing per-session
- * public/private keys will *not* get encoded, just the Diffie-Hellman
- * parameters will be encoded.
-
+ * Serializes the DH parameters to a DER-encoding
+ *
+ * Note that any existing per-session public/private keys will *not* get
+ * encoded, just the Diffie-Hellman parameters will be encoded.
+ *
+ * See also #public_to_der (X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo) and
+ * #private_to_der (PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo or EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo) for
+ * serialization with the private or public key components.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_dh_to_der(VALUE self)
 {
-    DH *dh;
+    OSSL_3_const DH *dh;
     unsigned char *p;
     long len;
     VALUE str;
@@ -280,7 +295,7 @@ ossl_dh_to_der(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_dh_get_params(VALUE self)
 {
-    DH *dh;
+    OSSL_3_const DH *dh;
     VALUE hash;
     const BIGNUM *p, *q, *g, *pub_key, *priv_key;
 
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c
index 25404aa7f5..058ce73888 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_dsa.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 } while (0)
 
 static inline int
-DSA_HAS_PRIVATE(DSA *dsa)
+DSA_HAS_PRIVATE(OSSL_3_const DSA *dsa)
 {
     const BIGNUM *bn;
     DSA_get0_key(dsa, NULL, &bn);
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ DSA_HAS_PRIVATE(DSA *dsa)
 }
 
 static inline int
-DSA_PRIVATE(VALUE obj, DSA *dsa)
+DSA_PRIVATE(VALUE obj, OSSL_3_const DSA *dsa)
 {
     return DSA_HAS_PRIVATE(dsa) || OSSL_PKEY_IS_PRIVATE(obj);
 }
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ ossl_dsa_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 static VALUE
 ossl_dsa_is_public(VALUE self)
 {
-    DSA *dsa;
+    const DSA *dsa;
     const BIGNUM *bn;
 
     GetDSA(self, dsa);
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ ossl_dsa_is_public(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_dsa_is_private(VALUE self)
 {
-    DSA *dsa;
+    OSSL_3_const DSA *dsa;
 
     GetDSA(self, dsa);
 
@@ -211,21 +211,63 @@ ossl_dsa_is_private(VALUE self)
  *    dsa.to_pem([cipher, password]) -> aString
  *    dsa.to_s([cipher, password]) -> aString
  *
- * Encodes this DSA to its PEM encoding.
+ * Serializes a private or public key to a PEM-encoding.
+ *
+ * [When the key contains public components only]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into an X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo.
+ *   The parameters _cipher_ and _password_ are ignored.
+ *
+ *   A PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *
+ *   Consider using #public_to_pem instead. This serializes the key into an
+ *   X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo regardless of whether it is a public key
+ *   or a private key.
+ *
+ * [When the key contains private components, and no parameters are given]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into a traditional \OpenSSL DSAPrivateKey.
+ *
+ *   A PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END DSA PRIVATE KEY-----
  *
- * === Parameters
- * * _cipher_ is an OpenSSL::Cipher.
- * * _password_ is a string containing your password.
+ * [When the key contains private components, and _cipher_ and _password_ are given]
  *
- * === Examples
- *  DSA.to_pem -> aString
- *  DSA.to_pem(cipher, 'mypassword') -> aString
+ *   Serializes it into a traditional \OpenSSL DSAPrivateKey and encrypts it in
+ *   OpenSSL's traditional PEM encryption format.
+ *   _cipher_ must be a cipher name understood by OpenSSL::Cipher.new or an
+ *   instance of OpenSSL::Cipher.
  *
+ *   An encrypted PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *     Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
+ *     DEK-Info: AES-128-CBC,733F5302505B34701FC41F5C0746E4C0
+ *
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END DSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *
+ *   Note that this format uses MD5 to derive the encryption key, and hence
+ *   will not be available on FIPS-compliant systems.
+ *
+ * <b>This method is kept for compatibility.</b>
+ * This should only be used when the traditional, non-standard \OpenSSL format
+ * is required.
+ *
+ * Consider using #public_to_pem (X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo) or #private_to_pem
+ * (PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo or EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo) instead.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_dsa_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    DSA *dsa;
+    OSSL_3_const DSA *dsa;
 
     GetDSA(self, dsa);
     if (DSA_HAS_PRIVATE(dsa))
@@ -238,13 +280,20 @@ ossl_dsa_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *  call-seq:
  *    dsa.to_der -> aString
  *
- * Encodes this DSA to its DER encoding.
+ * Serializes a private or public key to a DER-encoding.
+ *
+ * See #to_pem for details.
+ *
+ * <b>This method is kept for compatibility.</b>
+ * This should only be used when the traditional, non-standard \OpenSSL format
+ * is required.
  *
+ * Consider using #public_to_der or #private_to_der instead.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_dsa_to_der(VALUE self)
 {
-    DSA *dsa;
+    OSSL_3_const DSA *dsa;
 
     GetDSA(self, dsa);
     if (DSA_HAS_PRIVATE(dsa))
@@ -265,7 +314,7 @@ ossl_dsa_to_der(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_dsa_get_params(VALUE self)
 {
-    DSA *dsa;
+    OSSL_3_const DSA *dsa;
     VALUE hash;
     const BIGNUM *p, *q, *g, *pub_key, *priv_key;
 
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_ec.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_ec.c
index 08972e92a1..4b3a1fd0fe 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_ec.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_ec.c
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ ossl_ec_key_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 static VALUE
 ossl_ec_key_get_group(VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
     const EC_GROUP *group;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ ossl_ec_key_set_group(VALUE self, VALUE group_v)
  */
 static VALUE ossl_ec_key_get_private_key(VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
     const BIGNUM *bn;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_key_set_private_key(VALUE self, VALUE private_key)
  */
 static VALUE ossl_ec_key_get_public_key(VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
     const EC_POINT *point;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_key_set_public_key(VALUE self, VALUE public_key)
  */
 static VALUE ossl_ec_key_is_public(VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
 
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_key_is_public(VALUE self)
  */
 static VALUE ossl_ec_key_is_private(VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
 
@@ -400,20 +400,70 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_key_is_private(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     key.export([cipher, pass_phrase]) => String
- *     key.to_pem([cipher, pass_phrase]) => String
+ *     key.export([cipher, password]) => String
+ *     key.to_pem([cipher, password]) => String
+ *
+ * Serializes a private or public key to a PEM-encoding.
+ *
+ * [When the key contains public components only]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into an X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo.
+ *   The parameters _cipher_ and _password_ are ignored.
+ *
+ *   A PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *
+ *   Consider using #public_to_pem instead. This serializes the key into an
+ *   X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo regardless of whether it is a public key
+ *   or a private key.
+ *
+ * [When the key contains private components, and no parameters are given]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into a SEC 1/RFC 5915 ECPrivateKey.
+ *
+ *   A PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *
+ * [When the key contains private components, and _cipher_ and _password_ are given]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into a SEC 1/RFC 5915 ECPrivateKey
+ *   and encrypts it in OpenSSL's traditional PEM encryption format.
+ *   _cipher_ must be a cipher name understood by OpenSSL::Cipher.new or an
+ *   instance of OpenSSL::Cipher.
+ *
+ *   An encrypted PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *     Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
+ *     DEK-Info: AES-128-CBC,733F5302505B34701FC41F5C0746E4C0
+ *
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *
+ *   Note that this format uses MD5 to derive the encryption key, and hence
+ *   will not be available on FIPS-compliant systems.
  *
- * Outputs the EC key in PEM encoding.  If _cipher_ and _pass_phrase_ are given
- * they will be used to encrypt the key.  _cipher_ must be an OpenSSL::Cipher
- * instance. Note that encryption will only be effective for a private key,
- * public keys will always be encoded in plain text.
+ * <b>This method is kept for compatibility.</b>
+ * This should only be used when the SEC 1/RFC 5915 ECPrivateKey format is
+ * required.
+ *
+ * Consider using #public_to_pem (X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo) or #private_to_pem
+ * (PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo or EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo) instead.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_ec_key_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
+    if (EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ec) == NULL)
+        ossl_raise(eECError, "can't export - no public key set");
     if (EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ec))
         return ossl_pkey_export_traditional(argc, argv, self, 0);
     else
@@ -424,14 +474,24 @@ ossl_ec_key_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *  call-seq:
  *     key.to_der   => String
  *
- *  See the OpenSSL documentation for i2d_ECPrivateKey_bio()
+ * Serializes a private or public key to a DER-encoding.
+ *
+ * See #to_pem for details.
+ *
+ * <b>This method is kept for compatibility.</b>
+ * This should only be used when the SEC 1/RFC 5915 ECPrivateKey format is
+ * required.
+ *
+ * Consider using #public_to_der or #private_to_der instead.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_ec_key_to_der(VALUE self)
 {
-    EC_KEY *ec;
+    OSSL_3_const EC_KEY *ec;
 
     GetEC(self, ec);
+    if (EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ec) == NULL)
+        ossl_raise(eECError, "can't export - no public key set");
     if (EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ec))
         return ossl_pkey_export_traditional(0, NULL, self, 1);
     else
@@ -479,16 +539,28 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_key_check_key(VALUE self)
 #ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_CHECK
     EVP_PKEY *pkey;
     EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx;
-    int ret;
+    const EC_KEY *ec;
 
     GetPKey(self, pkey);
+    GetEC(self, ec);
     pctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
     if (!pctx)
-        ossl_raise(eDHError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    ret = EVP_PKEY_public_check(pctx);
+        ossl_raise(eECError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
+
+    if (EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ec) != NULL) {
+        if (EVP_PKEY_check(pctx) != 1) {
+            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);
+            ossl_raise(eECError, "EVP_PKEY_check");
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        if (EVP_PKEY_public_check(pctx) != 1) {
+            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);
+            ossl_raise(eECError, "EVP_PKEY_public_check");
+        }
+    }
+
     EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);
-    if (ret != 1)
-        ossl_raise(eECError, "EVP_PKEY_public_check");
 #else
     EC_KEY *ec;
 
@@ -514,7 +586,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ec_group_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ec_group_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -664,10 +736,11 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_group_eql(VALUE a, VALUE b)
     GetECGroup(a, group1);
     GetECGroup(b, group2);
 
-    if (EC_GROUP_cmp(group1, group2, ossl_bn_ctx) == 1)
-       return Qfalse;
-
-    return Qtrue;
+    switch (EC_GROUP_cmp(group1, group2, ossl_bn_ctx)) {
+    case 0: return Qtrue;
+    case 1: return Qfalse;
+    default: ossl_raise(eEC_GROUP, "EC_GROUP_cmp");
+    }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1098,7 +1171,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ec_point_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ec_point_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1228,10 +1301,13 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_eql(VALUE a, VALUE b)
     GetECPoint(b, point2);
     GetECGroup(group_v1, group);
 
-    if (EC_POINT_cmp(group, point1, point2, ossl_bn_ctx) == 1)
-        return Qfalse;
+    switch (EC_POINT_cmp(group, point1, point2, ossl_bn_ctx)) {
+    case 0: return Qtrue;
+    case 1: return Qfalse;
+    default: ossl_raise(eEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_cmp");
+    }
 
-    return Qtrue;
+    UNREACHABLE;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1249,7 +1325,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_is_at_infinity(VALUE self)
     switch (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, point)) {
     case 1: return Qtrue;
     case 0: return Qfalse;
-    default: ossl_raise(cEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_is_at_infinity");
+    default: ossl_raise(eEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_is_at_infinity");
     }
 
     UNREACHABLE;
@@ -1270,7 +1346,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_is_on_curve(VALUE self)
     switch (EC_POINT_is_on_curve(group, point, ossl_bn_ctx)) {
     case 1: return Qtrue;
     case 0: return Qfalse;
-    default: ossl_raise(cEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_is_on_curve");
+    default: ossl_raise(eEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_is_on_curve");
     }
 
     UNREACHABLE;
@@ -1293,7 +1369,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_make_affine(VALUE self)
     rb_warn("OpenSSL::PKey::EC::Point#make_affine! is deprecated");
 #if !OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
     if (EC_POINT_make_affine(group, point, ossl_bn_ctx) != 1)
-        ossl_raise(cEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_make_affine");
+        ossl_raise(eEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_make_affine");
 #endif
 
     return self;
@@ -1312,7 +1388,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_invert(VALUE self)
     GetECPointGroup(self, group);
 
     if (EC_POINT_invert(group, point, ossl_bn_ctx) != 1)
-        ossl_raise(cEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_invert");
+        ossl_raise(eEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_invert");
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -1330,7 +1406,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_set_to_infinity(VALUE self)
     GetECPointGroup(self, group);
 
     if (EC_POINT_set_to_infinity(group, point) != 1)
-        ossl_raise(cEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_set_to_infinity");
+        ossl_raise(eEC_POINT, "EC_POINT_set_to_infinity");
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -1462,7 +1538,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ec_point_mul(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
                    "use #mul(bn) form instead");
 
 	num = RARRAY_LEN(arg1);
-	bns_tmp = rb_ary_hidden_new(num);
+	bns_tmp = rb_ary_tmp_new(num);
 	bignums = ALLOCV_N(const BIGNUM *, tmp_b, num);
 	for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 	    VALUE item = RARRAY_AREF(arg1, i);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_rsa.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_rsa.c
index 4d66010f49..389f76f309 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_rsa.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey_rsa.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 } while (0)
 
 static inline int
-RSA_HAS_PRIVATE(RSA *rsa)
+RSA_HAS_PRIVATE(OSSL_3_const RSA *rsa)
 {
     const BIGNUM *e, *d;
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ RSA_HAS_PRIVATE(RSA *rsa)
 }
 
 static inline int
-RSA_PRIVATE(VALUE obj, RSA *rsa)
+RSA_PRIVATE(VALUE obj, OSSL_3_const RSA *rsa)
 {
     return RSA_HAS_PRIVATE(rsa) || OSSL_PKEY_IS_PRIVATE(obj);
 }
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ VALUE eRSAError;
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   RSA.new -> rsa
- *   RSA.new(encoded_key [, passphrase]) -> rsa
- *   RSA.new(encoded_key) { passphrase } -> rsa
+ *   RSA.new(encoded_key [, password ]) -> rsa
+ *   RSA.new(encoded_key) { password } -> rsa
  *   RSA.new(size [, exponent]) -> rsa
  *
  * Generates or loads an \RSA keypair.
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ VALUE eRSAError;
  * #set_crt_params.
  *
  * If called with a String, tries to parse as DER or PEM encoding of an \RSA key.
- * Note that, if _passphrase_ is not specified but the key is encrypted with a
- * passphrase, \OpenSSL will prompt for it.
- * See also OpenSSL::PKey.read which can parse keys of any kinds.
+ * Note that if _password_ is not specified, but the key is encrypted with a
+ * password, \OpenSSL will prompt for it.
+ * See also OpenSSL::PKey.read which can parse keys of any kind.
  *
  * If called with a number, generates a new key pair. This form works as an
  * alias of RSA.generate.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ VALUE eRSAError;
  * Examples:
  *   OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new 2048
  *   OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new File.read 'rsa.pem'
- *   OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new File.read('rsa.pem'), 'my pass phrase'
+ *   OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new File.read('rsa.pem'), 'my password'
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_rsa_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ ossl_rsa_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE other)
 static VALUE
 ossl_rsa_is_public(VALUE self)
 {
-    RSA *rsa;
+    OSSL_3_const RSA *rsa;
 
     GetRSA(self, rsa);
     /*
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ ossl_rsa_is_public(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_rsa_is_private(VALUE self)
 {
-    RSA *rsa;
+    OSSL_3_const RSA *rsa;
 
     GetRSA(self, rsa);
 
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ ossl_rsa_is_private(VALUE self)
 static int
 can_export_rsaprivatekey(VALUE self)
 {
-    RSA *rsa;
+    OSSL_3_const RSA *rsa;
     const BIGNUM *n, *e, *d, *p, *q, *dmp1, *dmq1, *iqmp;
 
     GetRSA(self, rsa);
@@ -217,13 +217,61 @@ can_export_rsaprivatekey(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   rsa.export([cipher, pass_phrase]) => PEM-format String
- *   rsa.to_pem([cipher, pass_phrase]) => PEM-format String
- *   rsa.to_s([cipher, pass_phrase]) => PEM-format String
+ *   rsa.export([cipher, password]) => PEM-format String
+ *   rsa.to_pem([cipher, password]) => PEM-format String
+ *   rsa.to_s([cipher, password]) => PEM-format String
+ *
+ * Serializes a private or public key to a PEM-encoding.
+ *
+ * [When the key contains public components only]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into an X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo.
+ *   The parameters _cipher_ and _password_ are ignored.
+ *
+ *   A PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
+ *
+ *   Consider using #public_to_pem instead. This serializes the key into an
+ *   X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo regardless of whether the key is a public key
+ *   or a private key.
+ *
+ * [When the key contains private components, and no parameters are given]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into a PKCS #1 RSAPrivateKey.
+ *
+ *   A PEM-encoded key will look like:
  *
- * Outputs this keypair in PEM encoding.  If _cipher_ and _pass_phrase_ are
- * given they will be used to encrypt the key.  _cipher_ must be an
- * OpenSSL::Cipher instance.
+ *     -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *
+ * [When the key contains private components, and _cipher_ and _password_ are given]
+ *
+ *   Serializes it into a PKCS #1 RSAPrivateKey
+ *   and encrypts it in OpenSSL's traditional PEM encryption format.
+ *   _cipher_ must be a cipher name understood by OpenSSL::Cipher.new or an
+ *   instance of OpenSSL::Cipher.
+ *
+ *   An encrypted PEM-encoded key will look like:
+ *
+ *     -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *     Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
+ *     DEK-Info: AES-128-CBC,733F5302505B34701FC41F5C0746E4C0
+ *
+ *     [...]
+ *     -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+ *
+ *   Note that this format uses MD5 to derive the encryption key, and hence
+ *   will not be available on FIPS-compliant systems.
+ *
+ * <b>This method is kept for compatibility.</b>
+ * This should only be used when the PKCS #1 RSAPrivateKey format is required.
+ *
+ * Consider using #public_to_pem (X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo) or #private_to_pem
+ * (PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo or EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo) instead.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_rsa_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -238,7 +286,14 @@ ossl_rsa_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  * call-seq:
  *   rsa.to_der => DER-format String
  *
- * Outputs this keypair in DER encoding.
+ * Serializes a private or public key to a DER-encoding.
+ *
+ * See #to_pem for details.
+ *
+ * <b>This method is kept for compatibility.</b>
+ * This should only be used when the PKCS #1 RSAPrivateKey format is required.
+ *
+ * Consider using #public_to_der or #private_to_der instead.
  */
 static VALUE
 ossl_rsa_to_der(VALUE self)
@@ -453,7 +508,7 @@ ossl_rsa_verify_pss(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 ossl_rsa_get_params(VALUE self)
 {
-    RSA *rsa;
+    OSSL_3_const RSA *rsa;
     VALUE hash;
     const BIGNUM *n, *e, *d, *p, *q, *dmp1, *dmq1, *iqmp;
 
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_provider.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_provider.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..981c6ccdc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_provider.c
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+/*
+ * This program is licensed under the same licence as Ruby.
+ * (See the file 'LICENCE'.)
+ */
+#include "ossl.h"
+
+#ifdef OSSL_USE_PROVIDER
+# include <openssl/provider.h>
+
+#define NewProvider(klass) \
+    TypedData_Wrap_Struct((klass), &ossl_provider_type, 0)
+#define SetProvider(obj, provider) do { \
+    if (!(provider)) { \
+        ossl_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Provider wasn't initialized."); \
+    } \
+    RTYPEDDATA_DATA(obj) = (provider); \
+} while(0)
+#define GetProvider(obj, provider) do { \
+    TypedData_Get_Struct((obj), OSSL_PROVIDER, &ossl_provider_type, (provider)); \
+    if (!(provider)) { \
+        ossl_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "PROVIDER wasn't initialized."); \
+    } \
+} while (0)
+
+static const rb_data_type_t ossl_provider_type = {
+    "OpenSSL/Provider",
+    {
+        0,
+    },
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
+};
+
+/*
+ * Classes
+ */
+/* Document-class: OpenSSL::Provider
+ *
+ * This class is the access to openssl's Provider
+ * See also, https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man7/provider.html
+ */
+static VALUE cProvider;
+/* Document-class: OpenSSL::Provider::ProviderError
+ *
+ * This is the generic exception for OpenSSL::Provider related errors
+ */
+static VALUE eProviderError;
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    OpenSSL::Provider.load(name) -> provider
+ *
+ * This method loads and initializes a provider
+ */
+static VALUE
+ossl_provider_s_load(VALUE klass, VALUE name)
+{
+    OSSL_PROVIDER *provider = NULL;
+    VALUE obj;
+
+    const char *provider_name_ptr = StringValueCStr(name);
+
+    provider = OSSL_PROVIDER_load(NULL, provider_name_ptr);
+    if (provider == NULL) {
+        ossl_raise(eProviderError, "Failed to load %s provider", provider_name_ptr);
+    }
+    obj = NewProvider(klass);
+    SetProvider(obj, provider);
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+struct ary_with_state { VALUE ary; int state; };
+struct rb_push_provider_name_args { OSSL_PROVIDER *prov; VALUE ary; };
+
+static VALUE
+rb_push_provider_name(VALUE rb_push_provider_name_args)
+{
+    struct rb_push_provider_name_args *args = (struct rb_push_provider_name_args *)rb_push_provider_name_args;
+
+    VALUE name = rb_str_new2(OSSL_PROVIDER_get0_name(args->prov));
+    return rb_ary_push(args->ary, name);
+}
+
+static int
+push_provider(OSSL_PROVIDER *prov, void *cbdata)
+{
+    struct ary_with_state *ary_with_state = (struct ary_with_state *)cbdata;
+    struct rb_push_provider_name_args args = { prov, ary_with_state->ary };
+
+    rb_protect(rb_push_provider_name, (VALUE)&args, &ary_with_state->state);
+    if (ary_with_state->state) {
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        return 1;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    OpenSSL::Provider.provider_names -> [provider_name, ...]
+ *
+ * Returns an array of currently loaded provider names.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ossl_provider_s_provider_names(VALUE klass)
+{
+    VALUE ary = rb_ary_new();
+    struct ary_with_state cbdata = { ary, 0 };
+
+    int result = OSSL_PROVIDER_do_all(NULL, &push_provider, (void*)&cbdata);
+    if (result != 1 ) {
+        if (cbdata.state) {
+            rb_jump_tag(cbdata.state);
+        } else {
+            ossl_raise(eProviderError, "Failed to load provider names");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ary;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    provider.unload -> true
+ *
+ * This method unloads this provider.
+ *
+ * if provider unload fails or already unloaded, it raises OpenSSL::Provider::ProviderError
+ */
+static VALUE
+ossl_provider_unload(VALUE self)
+{
+    OSSL_PROVIDER *prov;
+    if (RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self) == NULL) {
+        ossl_raise(eProviderError, "Provider already unloaded.");
+    }
+    GetProvider(self, prov);
+
+    int result = OSSL_PROVIDER_unload(prov);
+
+    if (result != 1) {
+        ossl_raise(eProviderError, "Failed to unload provider");
+    }
+    RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self) = NULL;
+    return Qtrue;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    provider.name -> string
+ *
+ * Get the name of this provider.
+ *
+ * if this provider is already unloaded, it raises OpenSSL::Provider::ProviderError
+ */
+static VALUE
+ossl_provider_get_name(VALUE self)
+{
+    OSSL_PROVIDER *prov;
+    if (RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self) == NULL) {
+        ossl_raise(eProviderError, "Provider already unloaded.");
+    }
+    GetProvider(self, prov);
+
+    return rb_str_new2(OSSL_PROVIDER_get0_name(prov));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    provider.inspect -> string
+ *
+ * Pretty prints this provider.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ossl_provider_inspect(VALUE self)
+{
+    OSSL_PROVIDER *prov;
+    if (RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self) == NULL ) {
+        return rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE" unloaded provider>", rb_obj_class(self));
+    }
+    GetProvider(self, prov);
+
+    return rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE" name=\"%s\">",
+                      rb_obj_class(self), OSSL_PROVIDER_get0_name(prov));
+}
+
+void
+Init_ossl_provider(void)
+{
+#if 0
+    mOSSL = rb_define_module("OpenSSL");
+    eOSSLError = rb_define_class_under(mOSSL, "OpenSSLError", rb_eStandardError);
+#endif
+
+    cProvider = rb_define_class_under(mOSSL, "Provider", rb_cObject);
+    eProviderError = rb_define_class_under(cProvider, "ProviderError", eOSSLError);
+
+    rb_undef_alloc_func(cProvider);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(cProvider, "load", ossl_provider_s_load, 1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(cProvider, "provider_names", ossl_provider_s_provider_names, 0);
+
+    rb_define_method(cProvider, "unload", ossl_provider_unload, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cProvider, "name", ossl_provider_get_name, 0);
+    rb_define_method(cProvider, "inspect", ossl_provider_inspect, 0);
+}
+#else
+void
+Init_ossl_provider(void)
+{
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_provider.h b/ext/openssl/ossl_provider.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d69cb1e44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_provider.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#if !defined(OSSL_PROVIDER_H)
+#define OSSL_PROVIDER_H
+
+void Init_ossl_provider(void);
+#endif
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c
index af262d9f56..236d455ff2 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl.c
@@ -11,11 +11,15 @@
  */
 #include "ossl.h"
 
+#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SOCK
 #define numberof(ary) (int)(sizeof(ary)/sizeof((ary)[0]))
 
+#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG) && !OSSL_IS_LIBRESSL
+# define OSSL_USE_NEXTPROTONEG
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(TLS1_3_VERSION) && \
-    defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && \
-    LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x3020000fL
+    OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 2, 0) && !OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 4, 0)
 #  define TLS1_3_VERSION 0x0304
 #endif
 
@@ -30,7 +34,6 @@
 } while (0)
 
 VALUE mSSL;
-static VALUE mSSLExtConfig;
 static VALUE eSSLError;
 VALUE cSSLContext;
 VALUE cSSLSocket;
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ static ID id_i_cert_store, id_i_ca_file, id_i_ca_path, id_i_verify_mode,
 	  id_i_session_id_context, id_i_session_get_cb, id_i_session_new_cb,
 	  id_i_session_remove_cb, id_i_npn_select_cb, id_i_npn_protocols,
 	  id_i_alpn_select_cb, id_i_alpn_protocols, id_i_servername_cb,
-	  id_i_verify_hostname;
+	  id_i_verify_hostname, id_i_keylog_cb;
 static ID id_i_io, id_i_context, id_i_hostname;
 
 static int ossl_ssl_ex_vcb_idx;
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_sslctx_type = {
     {
         ossl_sslctx_mark, ossl_sslctx_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -291,7 +294,7 @@ ossl_tmp_dh_callback(SSL *ssl, int is_export, int keylength)
     if (!pkey)
 	return NULL;
 
-    return EVP_PKEY_get0_DH(pkey);
+    return (DH *)EVP_PKEY_get0_DH(pkey);
 }
 #endif /* OPENSSL_NO_DH */
 
@@ -441,6 +444,54 @@ ossl_sslctx_session_new_cb(SSL *ssl, SSL_SESSION *sess)
     return 0;
 }
 
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+/*
+ * It is only compatible with OpenSSL >= 1.1.1. Even if LibreSSL implements
+ * SSL_CTX_set_keylog_callback() from v3.4.2, it does nothing (see
+ * https://github.com/libressl-portable/openbsd/commit/648d39f0f035835d0653342d139883b9661e9cb6).
+ */
+
+struct ossl_call_keylog_cb_args {
+    VALUE ssl_obj;
+    const char * line;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+ossl_call_keylog_cb(VALUE args_v)
+{
+    VALUE sslctx_obj, cb, line_v;
+    struct ossl_call_keylog_cb_args *args = (struct ossl_call_keylog_cb_args *) args_v;
+
+    sslctx_obj = rb_attr_get(args->ssl_obj, id_i_context);
+
+    cb = rb_attr_get(sslctx_obj, id_i_keylog_cb);
+    if (NIL_P(cb)) return Qnil;
+
+    line_v = rb_str_new_cstr(args->line);
+
+    return rb_funcall(cb, id_call, 2, args->ssl_obj, line_v);
+}
+
+static void
+ossl_sslctx_keylog_cb(const SSL *ssl, const char *line)
+{
+    VALUE ssl_obj;
+    struct ossl_call_keylog_cb_args args;
+    int state = 0;
+
+    OSSL_Debug("SSL keylog callback entered");
+
+    ssl_obj = (VALUE)SSL_get_ex_data(ssl, ossl_ssl_ex_ptr_idx);
+    args.ssl_obj = ssl_obj;
+    args.line = line;
+
+    rb_protect(ossl_call_keylog_cb, (VALUE)&args, &state);
+    if (state) {
+        rb_ivar_set(ssl_obj, ID_callback_state, INT2NUM(state));
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
 static VALUE
 ossl_call_session_remove_cb(VALUE ary)
 {
@@ -655,7 +706,7 @@ ssl_npn_select_cb_common(SSL *ssl, VALUE cb, const unsigned char **out,
     return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_OK;
 }
 
-#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG
+#ifdef OSSL_USE_NEXTPROTONEG
 static int
 ssl_npn_advertise_cb(SSL *ssl, const unsigned char **out, unsigned int *outlen,
 		     void *arg)
@@ -834,9 +885,9 @@ ossl_sslctx_setup(VALUE self)
     if (ca_path && !SSL_CTX_load_verify_dir(ctx, ca_path))
         ossl_raise(eSSLError, "SSL_CTX_load_verify_dir");
 #else
-    if(ca_file || ca_path){
-	if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(ctx, ca_file, ca_path))
-	    rb_warning("can't set verify locations");
+    if (ca_file || ca_path) {
+        if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(ctx, ca_file, ca_path))
+            ossl_raise(eSSLError, "SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations");
     }
 #endif
 
@@ -852,7 +903,7 @@ ossl_sslctx_setup(VALUE self)
     val = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_verify_depth);
     if(!NIL_P(val)) SSL_CTX_set_verify_depth(ctx, NUM2INT(val));
 
-#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG
+#ifdef OSSL_USE_NEXTPROTONEG
     val = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_npn_protocols);
     if (!NIL_P(val)) {
 	VALUE encoded = ssl_encode_npn_protocols(val);
@@ -911,6 +962,18 @@ ossl_sslctx_setup(VALUE self)
 	OSSL_Debug("SSL TLSEXT servername callback added");
     }
 
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10101000 && !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
+    /*
+     * It is only compatible with OpenSSL >= 1.1.1. Even if LibreSSL implements
+     * SSL_CTX_set_keylog_callback() from v3.4.2, it does nothing (see
+     * https://github.com/libressl-portable/openbsd/commit/648d39f0f035835d0653342d139883b9661e9cb6).
+     */
+    if (RTEST(rb_attr_get(self, id_i_keylog_cb))) {
+        SSL_CTX_set_keylog_callback(ctx, ossl_sslctx_keylog_cb);
+        OSSL_Debug("SSL keylog callback added");
+    }
+#endif
+
     return Qtrue;
 }
 
@@ -1478,7 +1541,6 @@ ossl_sslctx_flush_sessions(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 /*
  * SSLSocket class
  */
-#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SOCK
 static inline int
 ssl_started(SSL *ssl)
 {
@@ -1491,6 +1553,10 @@ ossl_ssl_mark(void *ptr)
 {
     SSL *ssl = ptr;
     rb_gc_mark((VALUE)SSL_get_ex_data(ssl, ossl_ssl_ex_ptr_idx));
+
+    // Note: this reference is stored as @verify_callback so we don't need to mark it.
+    // However we do need to ensure GC compaction won't move it, hence why
+    // we call rb_gc_mark here.
     rb_gc_mark((VALUE)SSL_get_ex_data(ssl, ossl_ssl_ex_vcb_idx));
 }
 
@@ -1505,7 +1571,7 @@ const rb_data_type_t ossl_ssl_type = {
     {
         ossl_ssl_mark, ossl_ssl_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1584,6 +1650,8 @@ ossl_ssl_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     SSL_set_ex_data(ssl, ossl_ssl_ex_ptr_idx, (void *)self);
     SSL_set_info_callback(ssl, ssl_info_cb);
     verify_cb = rb_attr_get(v_ctx, id_i_verify_callback);
+    // We don't need to trigger a write barrier because it's already
+    // an instance variable of this object.
     SSL_set_ex_data(ssl, ossl_ssl_ex_vcb_idx, (void *)verify_cb);
 
     rb_call_super(0, NULL);
@@ -1591,6 +1659,17 @@ ossl_ssl_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     return self;
 }
 
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_DESCRIPTOR
+static int
+io_descriptor_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->fd;
+}
+#define rb_io_descriptor io_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
 static VALUE
 ossl_ssl_setup(VALUE self)
 {
@@ -1606,8 +1685,8 @@ ossl_ssl_setup(VALUE self)
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     rb_io_check_readable(fptr);
     rb_io_check_writable(fptr);
-    if (!SSL_set_fd(ssl, TO_SOCKET(fptr->fd)))
-	ossl_raise(eSSLError, "SSL_set_fd");
+    if (!SSL_set_fd(ssl, TO_SOCKET(rb_io_descriptor(io))))
+        ossl_raise(eSSLError, "SSL_set_fd");
 
     return Qtrue;
 }
@@ -1641,99 +1720,107 @@ no_exception_p(VALUE opts)
     return 0;
 }
 
+// Provided by Ruby 3.2.0 and later in order to support the default IO#timeout.
+#ifndef RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT
+#define RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT Qnil
+#endif
+
 static void
-io_wait_writable(rb_io_t *fptr)
+io_wait_writable(VALUE io)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_RB_IO_MAYBE_WAIT
-    rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil);
+    rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, io, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
 #else
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     rb_io_wait_writable(fptr->fd);
 #endif
 }
 
 static void
-io_wait_readable(rb_io_t *fptr)
+io_wait_readable(VALUE io)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_RB_IO_MAYBE_WAIT
-    rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil);
+    rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, io, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
 #else
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     rb_io_wait_readable(fptr->fd);
 #endif
 }
 
 static VALUE
-ossl_start_ssl(VALUE self, int (*func)(), const char *funcname, VALUE opts)
+ossl_start_ssl(VALUE self, int (*func)(SSL *), const char *funcname, VALUE opts)
 {
     SSL *ssl;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
     int ret, ret2;
     VALUE cb_state;
     int nonblock = opts != Qfalse;
-#if defined(SSL_R_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED)
-    unsigned long err;
-#endif
 
     rb_ivar_set(self, ID_callback_state, Qnil);
 
     GetSSL(self, ssl);
 
-    GetOpenFile(rb_attr_get(self, id_i_io), fptr);
-    for(;;){
-	ret = func(ssl);
+    VALUE io = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_io);
+    for (;;) {
+        ret = func(ssl);
 
-	cb_state = rb_attr_get(self, ID_callback_state);
+        cb_state = rb_attr_get(self, ID_callback_state);
         if (!NIL_P(cb_state)) {
-	    /* must cleanup OpenSSL error stack before re-raising */
-	    ossl_clear_error();
-	    rb_jump_tag(NUM2INT(cb_state));
-	}
+            /* must cleanup OpenSSL error stack before re-raising */
+            ossl_clear_error();
+            rb_jump_tag(NUM2INT(cb_state));
+        }
 
-	if (ret > 0)
-	    break;
+        if (ret > 0)
+            break;
 
-	switch((ret2 = ssl_get_error(ssl, ret))){
-	case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
+        switch ((ret2 = ssl_get_error(ssl, ret))) {
+          case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
             if (no_exception_p(opts)) { return sym_wait_writable; }
             write_would_block(nonblock);
-            io_wait_writable(fptr);
+            io_wait_writable(io);
             continue;
-	case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
+          case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
             if (no_exception_p(opts)) { return sym_wait_readable; }
             read_would_block(nonblock);
-            io_wait_readable(fptr);
+            io_wait_readable(io);
             continue;
-	case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
+          case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
 #ifdef __APPLE__
             /* See ossl_ssl_write_internal() */
             if (errno == EPROTOTYPE)
                 continue;
 #endif
-	    if (errno) rb_sys_fail(funcname);
-	    ossl_raise(eSSLError, "%s SYSCALL returned=%d errno=%d peeraddr=%"PRIsVALUE" state=%s",
-                funcname, ret2, errno, peeraddr_ip_str(self), SSL_state_string_long(ssl));
-
+            if (errno) rb_sys_fail(funcname);
+            /* fallthrough */
+          default: {
+              VALUE error_append = Qnil;
 #if defined(SSL_R_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED)
-	case SSL_ERROR_SSL:
-	    err = ERR_peek_last_error();
-	    if (ERR_GET_LIB(err) == ERR_LIB_SSL &&
-		ERR_GET_REASON(err) == SSL_R_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED) {
-		const char *err_msg = ERR_reason_error_string(err),
-		      *verify_msg = X509_verify_cert_error_string(SSL_get_verify_result(ssl));
-		if (!err_msg)
-		    err_msg = "(null)";
-		if (!verify_msg)
-		    verify_msg = "(null)";
-		ossl_clear_error(); /* let ossl_raise() not append message */
-		ossl_raise(eSSLError, "%s returned=%d errno=%d peeraddr=%"PRIsVALUE" state=%s: %s (%s)",
-			   funcname, ret2, errno, peeraddr_ip_str(self), SSL_state_string_long(ssl),
-			   err_msg, verify_msg);
-	    }
+              unsigned long err = ERR_peek_last_error();
+              if (ERR_GET_LIB(err) == ERR_LIB_SSL &&
+                  ERR_GET_REASON(err) == SSL_R_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED) {
+                  const char *err_msg = ERR_reason_error_string(err),
+                        *verify_msg = X509_verify_cert_error_string(SSL_get_verify_result(ssl));
+                  if (!err_msg)
+                      err_msg = "(null)";
+                  if (!verify_msg)
+                      verify_msg = "(null)";
+                  ossl_clear_error(); /* let ossl_raise() not append message */
+                  error_append = rb_sprintf(": %s (%s)", err_msg, verify_msg);
+              }
 #endif
-	    /* fallthrough */
-	default:
-	    ossl_raise(eSSLError, "%s returned=%d errno=%d peeraddr=%"PRIsVALUE" state=%s",
-                funcname, ret2, errno, peeraddr_ip_str(self), SSL_state_string_long(ssl));
-	}
+              ossl_raise(eSSLError,
+                         "%s%s returned=%d errno=%d peeraddr=%"PRIsVALUE" state=%s%"PRIsVALUE,
+                         funcname,
+                         ret2 == SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL ? " SYSCALL" : "",
+                         ret2,
+                         errno,
+                         peeraddr_ip_str(self),
+                         SSL_state_string_long(ssl),
+                         error_append);
+          }
+        }
     }
 
     return self;
@@ -1839,8 +1926,7 @@ ossl_ssl_read_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int nonblock)
     SSL *ssl;
     int ilen;
     VALUE len, str;
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-    VALUE io, opts = Qnil;
+    VALUE opts = Qnil;
 
     if (nonblock) {
 	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11:", &len, &str, &opts);
@@ -1865,8 +1951,7 @@ ossl_ssl_read_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int nonblock)
     if (ilen == 0)
 	return str;
 
-    io = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_io);
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    VALUE io = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_io);
 
     rb_str_locktmp(str);
     for (;;) {
@@ -1886,7 +1971,7 @@ ossl_ssl_read_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int nonblock)
                 if (no_exception_p(opts)) { return sym_wait_writable; }
                 write_would_block(nonblock);
             }
-            io_wait_writable(fptr);
+            io_wait_writable(io);
             continue;
           case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
             if (nonblock) {
@@ -1894,7 +1979,7 @@ ossl_ssl_read_internal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int nonblock)
                 if (no_exception_p(opts)) { return sym_wait_readable; }
                 read_would_block(nonblock);
             }
-            io_wait_readable(fptr);
+            io_wait_readable(io);
             continue;
           case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
             if (!ERR_peek_error()) {
@@ -1960,14 +2045,14 @@ ossl_ssl_write_internal(VALUE self, VALUE str, VALUE opts)
     SSL *ssl;
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     int num, nonblock = opts != Qfalse;
-    VALUE tmp, io;
+    VALUE tmp;
 
     GetSSL(self, ssl);
     if (!ssl_started(ssl))
         rb_raise(eSSLError, "SSL session is not started yet");
 
     tmp = rb_str_new_frozen(StringValue(str));
-    io = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_io);
+    VALUE io = rb_attr_get(self, id_i_io);
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
 
     /* SSL_write(3ssl) manpage states num == 0 is undefined */
@@ -1983,12 +2068,12 @@ ossl_ssl_write_internal(VALUE self, VALUE str, VALUE opts)
           case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
             if (no_exception_p(opts)) { return sym_wait_writable; }
             write_would_block(nonblock);
-            io_wait_writable(fptr);
+            io_wait_writable(io);
             continue;
           case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
             if (no_exception_p(opts)) { return sym_wait_readable; }
             read_would_block(nonblock);
-            io_wait_readable(fptr);
+            io_wait_readable(io);
             continue;
           case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
 #ifdef __APPLE__
@@ -2381,7 +2466,7 @@ ossl_ssl_get_client_ca_list(VALUE self)
     return ossl_x509name_sk2ary(ca);
 }
 
-# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG
+# ifdef OSSL_USE_NEXTPROTONEG
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *    ssl.npn_protocol => String | nil
@@ -2431,6 +2516,49 @@ ossl_ssl_alpn_protocol(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
+ *    session.export_keying_material(label, length) -> String
+ *
+ * Enables use of shared session key material in accordance with RFC 5705.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ossl_ssl_export_keying_material(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    SSL *ssl;
+    VALUE str;
+    VALUE label;
+    VALUE length;
+    VALUE context;
+    unsigned char *p;
+    size_t len;
+    int use_ctx = 0;
+    unsigned char *ctx = NULL;
+    size_t ctx_len = 0;
+    int ret;
+
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &label, &length, &context);
+    StringValue(label);
+
+    GetSSL(self, ssl);
+
+    len = (size_t)NUM2LONG(length);
+    str = rb_str_new(0, len);
+    p = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str);
+    if (!NIL_P(context)) {
+	use_ctx = 1;
+	StringValue(context);
+	ctx = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(context);
+	ctx_len = RSTRING_LEN(context);
+    }
+    ret = SSL_export_keying_material(ssl, p, len, (char *)RSTRING_PTR(label),
+				     RSTRING_LENINT(label), ctx, ctx_len, use_ctx);
+    if (ret == 0 || ret == -1) {
+	ossl_raise(eSSLError, "SSL_export_keying_material");
+    }
+    return str;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
  *    ssl.tmp_key => PKey or nil
  *
  * Returns the ephemeral key used in case of forward secrecy cipher.
@@ -2458,6 +2586,7 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
     rb_mWaitWritable = rb_define_module_under(rb_cIO, "WaitWritable");
 #endif
 
+#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SOCK
     id_call = rb_intern_const("call");
     ID_callback_state = rb_intern_const("callback_state");
 
@@ -2480,16 +2609,6 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
      */
     mSSL = rb_define_module_under(mOSSL, "SSL");
 
-    /* Document-module: OpenSSL::ExtConfig
-     *
-     * This module contains configuration information about the SSL extension,
-     * for example if socket support is enabled, or the host name TLS extension
-     * is enabled.  Constants in this module will always be defined, but contain
-     * +true+ or +false+ values depending on the configuration of your OpenSSL
-     * installation.
-     */
-    mSSLExtConfig = rb_define_module_under(mOSSL, "ExtConfig");
-
     /* Document-class: OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError
      *
      * Generic error class raised by SSLSocket and SSLContext.
@@ -2652,8 +2771,6 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
      */
     rb_attr(cSSLContext, rb_intern_const("session_remove_cb"), 1, 1, Qfalse);
 
-    rb_define_const(mSSLExtConfig, "HAVE_TLSEXT_HOST_NAME", Qtrue);
-
     /*
      * A callback invoked whenever a new handshake is initiated on an
      * established connection. May be used to disable renegotiation entirely.
@@ -2674,7 +2791,7 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
      *   end
      */
     rb_attr(cSSLContext, rb_intern_const("renegotiation_cb"), 1, 1, Qfalse);
-#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG
+#ifdef OSSL_USE_NEXTPROTONEG
     /*
      * An Enumerable of Strings. Each String represents a protocol to be
      * advertised as the list of supported protocols for Next Protocol
@@ -2736,6 +2853,29 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
      */
     rb_attr(cSSLContext, rb_intern_const("alpn_select_cb"), 1, 1, Qfalse);
 
+    /*
+     * A callback invoked when TLS key material is generated or received, in
+     * order to allow applications to store this keying material for debugging
+     * purposes.
+     *
+     * The callback is invoked with an SSLSocket and a string containing the
+     * key material in the format used by NSS for its SSLKEYLOGFILE debugging
+     * output.
+     *
+     * It is only compatible with OpenSSL >= 1.1.1. Even if LibreSSL implements
+     * SSL_CTX_set_keylog_callback() from v3.4.2, it does nothing (see
+     * https://github.com/libressl-portable/openbsd/commit/648d39f0f035835d0653342d139883b9661e9cb6).
+     *
+     * === Example
+     *
+     *   context.keylog_cb = proc do |_sock, line|
+     *     File.open('ssl_keylog_file', "a") do |f|
+     *       f.write("#{line}\n")
+     *     end
+     *   end
+     */
+    rb_attr(cSSLContext, rb_intern_const("keylog_cb"), 1, 1, Qfalse);
+
     rb_define_alias(cSSLContext, "ssl_timeout", "timeout");
     rb_define_alias(cSSLContext, "ssl_timeout=", "timeout=");
     rb_define_private_method(cSSLContext, "set_minmax_proto_version",
@@ -2821,11 +2961,6 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
      * Document-class: OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket
      */
     cSSLSocket = rb_define_class_under(mSSL, "SSLSocket", rb_cObject);
-#ifdef OPENSSL_NO_SOCK
-    rb_define_const(mSSLExtConfig, "OPENSSL_NO_SOCK", Qtrue);
-    rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "initialize", rb_f_notimplement, -1);
-#else
-    rb_define_const(mSSLExtConfig, "OPENSSL_NO_SOCK", Qfalse);
     rb_define_alloc_func(cSSLSocket, ossl_ssl_s_alloc);
     rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "initialize", ossl_ssl_initialize, -1);
     rb_undef_method(cSSLSocket, "initialize_copy");
@@ -2856,10 +2991,10 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
     rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "peer_finished_message", ossl_ssl_get_peer_finished, 0);
     rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "tmp_key", ossl_ssl_tmp_key, 0);
     rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "alpn_protocol", ossl_ssl_alpn_protocol, 0);
-# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG
+    rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "export_keying_material", ossl_ssl_export_keying_material, -1);
+# ifdef OSSL_USE_NEXTPROTONEG
     rb_define_method(cSSLSocket, "npn_protocol", ossl_ssl_npn_protocol, 0);
 # endif
-#endif
 
     rb_define_const(mSSL, "VERIFY_NONE", INT2NUM(SSL_VERIFY_NONE));
     rb_define_const(mSSL, "VERIFY_PEER", INT2NUM(SSL_VERIFY_PEER));
@@ -3016,8 +3151,10 @@ Init_ossl_ssl(void)
     DefIVarID(alpn_select_cb);
     DefIVarID(servername_cb);
     DefIVarID(verify_hostname);
+    DefIVarID(keylog_cb);
 
     DefIVarID(io);
     DefIVarID(context);
     DefIVarID(hostname);
+#endif /* !defined(OPENSSL_NO_SOCK) */
 }
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c
index 92eb1365fe..c5df902c60 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_ssl_session.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "ossl.h"
 
+#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SOCK
 VALUE cSSLSession;
 static VALUE eSSLSession;
 
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ const rb_data_type_t ossl_ssl_session_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_ssl_session_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE ossl_ssl_session_alloc(VALUE klass)
@@ -299,6 +300,7 @@ static VALUE ossl_ssl_session_to_text(VALUE self)
 	return ossl_membio2str(out);
 }
 
+#endif /* !defined(OPENSSL_NO_SOCK) */
 
 void Init_ossl_ssl_session(void)
 {
@@ -307,6 +309,7 @@ void Init_ossl_ssl_session(void)
     mSSL = rb_define_module_under(mOSSL, "SSL");
     eOSSLError = rb_define_class_under(mOSSL, "OpenSSLError", rb_eStandardError);
 #endif
+#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SOCK
 	cSSLSession = rb_define_class_under(mSSL, "Session", rb_cObject);
 	eSSLSession = rb_define_class_under(cSSLSession, "SessionError", eOSSLError);
 
@@ -324,4 +327,5 @@ void Init_ossl_ssl_session(void)
 	rb_define_method(cSSLSession, "to_der", ossl_ssl_session_to_der, 0);
 	rb_define_method(cSSLSession, "to_pem", ossl_ssl_session_to_pem, 0);
 	rb_define_method(cSSLSession, "to_text", ossl_ssl_session_to_text, 0);
+#endif /* !defined(OPENSSL_NO_SOCK) */
 }
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_ts.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_ts.c
index b33ff10c10..f698bdc7ff 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_ts.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_ts.c
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ts_req_type = {
     {
         0, ossl_ts_req_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ static  const rb_data_type_t ossl_ts_resp_type = {
     {
         0, ossl_ts_resp_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static void
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_ts_token_info_type = {
     {
         0, ossl_ts_token_info_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509attr.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509attr.c
index 60846cfe9d..d1d8bb5e95 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509attr.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509attr.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509attr_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509attr_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509cert.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509cert.c
index 996f184170..aa6b9bb7ce 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509cert.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509cert.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -642,12 +642,12 @@ ossl_x509_set_extensions(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
 	OSSL_Check_Kind(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), cX509Ext);
     }
     GetX509(self, x509);
-    while ((ext = X509_delete_ext(x509, 0)))
-	X509_EXTENSION_free(ext);
+    for (i = X509_get_ext_count(x509); i > 0; i--)
+        X509_EXTENSION_free(X509_delete_ext(x509, 0));
     for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
 	ext = GetX509ExtPtr(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
 	if (!X509_add_ext(x509, ext, -1)) { /* DUPs ext */
-	    ossl_raise(eX509CertError, NULL);
+	    ossl_raise(eX509CertError, "X509_add_ext");
 	}
     }
 
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509crl.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509crl.c
index 863f0286c0..80e29f9df2 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509crl.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509crl.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509crl_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509crl_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -474,12 +474,12 @@ ossl_x509crl_set_extensions(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
 	OSSL_Check_Kind(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), cX509Ext);
     }
     GetX509CRL(self, crl);
-    while ((ext = X509_CRL_delete_ext(crl, 0)))
-	X509_EXTENSION_free(ext);
+    for (i = X509_CRL_get_ext_count(crl); i > 0; i--)
+        X509_EXTENSION_free(X509_CRL_delete_ext(crl, 0));
     for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
 	ext = GetX509ExtPtr(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)); /* NO NEED TO DUP */
 	if (!X509_CRL_add_ext(crl, ext, -1)) {
-	    ossl_raise(eX509CRLError, NULL);
+	    ossl_raise(eX509CRLError, "X509_CRL_add_ext");
 	}
     }
 
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509ext.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509ext.c
index e54102c771..192d09bd3f 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509ext.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509ext.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509ext_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509ext_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509extfactory_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509extfactory_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -209,15 +209,16 @@ ossl_x509extfactory_create_ext(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     int nid;
     VALUE rconf;
     CONF *conf;
+    const char *oid_cstr = NULL;
 
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &oid, &value, &critical);
-    StringValueCStr(oid);
     StringValue(value);
     if(NIL_P(critical)) critical = Qfalse;
 
-    nid = OBJ_ln2nid(RSTRING_PTR(oid));
-    if(!nid) nid = OBJ_sn2nid(RSTRING_PTR(oid));
-    if(!nid) ossl_raise(eX509ExtError, "unknown OID `%"PRIsVALUE"'", oid);
+    oid_cstr = StringValueCStr(oid);
+    nid = OBJ_ln2nid(oid_cstr);
+    if (nid != NID_undef)
+      oid_cstr = OBJ_nid2sn(nid);
 
     valstr = rb_str_new2(RTEST(critical) ? "critical," : "");
     rb_str_append(valstr, value);
@@ -228,7 +229,12 @@ ossl_x509extfactory_create_ext(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     rconf = rb_iv_get(self, "@config");
     conf = NIL_P(rconf) ? NULL : GetConfig(rconf);
     X509V3_set_nconf(ctx, conf);
-    ext = X509V3_EXT_nconf_nid(conf, ctx, nid, RSTRING_PTR(valstr));
+
+#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 0) || OSSL_IS_LIBRESSL
+    ext = X509V3_EXT_nconf(conf, ctx, oid_cstr, RSTRING_PTR(valstr));
+#else
+    ext = X509V3_EXT_nconf(conf, ctx, (char *)oid_cstr, RSTRING_PTR(valstr));
+#endif
     X509V3_set_ctx_nodb(ctx);
     if (!ext){
 	ossl_raise(eX509ExtError, "%"PRIsVALUE" = %"PRIsVALUE, oid, valstr);
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509name.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509name.c
index 13a2b2c030..9591912f70 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509name.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509name.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509name_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509name_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509req.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509req.c
index 6eb91e9c2f..f058185151 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509req.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509req.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509req_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509req_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -380,13 +380,13 @@ ossl_x509req_set_attributes(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
 	OSSL_Check_Kind(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), cX509Attr);
     }
     GetX509Req(self, req);
-    while ((attr = X509_REQ_delete_attr(req, 0)))
-	X509_ATTRIBUTE_free(attr);
+    for (i = X509_REQ_get_attr_count(req); i > 0; i--)
+        X509_ATTRIBUTE_free(X509_REQ_delete_attr(req, 0));
     for (i=0;i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
 	item = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
 	attr = GetX509AttrPtr(item);
 	if (!X509_REQ_add1_attr(req, attr)) {
-	    ossl_raise(eX509ReqError, NULL);
+	    ossl_raise(eX509ReqError, "X509_REQ_add1_attr");
 	}
     }
     return ary;
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509revoked.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509revoked.c
index 5fe6853430..108447c868 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509revoked.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509revoked.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509rev_type = {
     {
 	0, ossl_x509rev_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -223,13 +223,13 @@ ossl_x509revoked_set_extensions(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
 	OSSL_Check_Kind(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i), cX509Ext);
     }
     GetX509Rev(self, rev);
-    while ((ext = X509_REVOKED_delete_ext(rev, 0)))
-	X509_EXTENSION_free(ext);
+    for (i = X509_REVOKED_get_ext_count(rev); i > 0; i--)
+        X509_EXTENSION_free(X509_REVOKED_delete_ext(rev, 0));
     for (i=0; i<RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
 	item = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
 	ext = GetX509ExtPtr(item);
 	if(!X509_REVOKED_add_ext(rev, ext, -1)) {
-	    ossl_raise(eX509RevError, NULL);
+	    ossl_raise(eX509RevError, "X509_REVOKED_add_ext");
 	}
     }
 
diff --git a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509store.c b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509store.c
index 7c546187c3..f27381ca90 100644
--- a/ext/openssl/ossl_x509store.c
+++ b/ext/openssl/ossl_x509store.c
@@ -116,6 +116,9 @@ static void
 ossl_x509store_mark(void *ptr)
 {
     X509_STORE *store = ptr;
+    // Note: this reference is stored as @verify_callback so we don't need to mark it.
+    // However we do need to ensure GC compaction won't move it, hence why
+    // we call rb_gc_mark here.
     rb_gc_mark((VALUE)X509_STORE_get_ex_data(store, store_ex_verify_cb_idx));
 }
 
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509store_type = {
     {
         ossl_x509store_mark, ossl_x509store_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -187,8 +190,9 @@ ossl_x509store_set_vfy_cb(VALUE self, VALUE cb)
     X509_STORE *store;
 
     GetX509Store(self, store);
-    X509_STORE_set_ex_data(store, store_ex_verify_cb_idx, (void *)cb);
     rb_iv_set(self, "@verify_callback", cb);
+    // We don't need to trigger a write barrier because `rb_iv_set` did it.
+    X509_STORE_set_ex_data(store, store_ex_verify_cb_idx, (void *)cb);
 
     return cb;
 }
@@ -507,6 +511,9 @@ static void
 ossl_x509stctx_mark(void *ptr)
 {
     X509_STORE_CTX *ctx = ptr;
+    // Note: this reference is stored as @verify_callback so we don't need to mark it.
+    // However we do need to ensure GC compaction won't move it, hence why
+    // we call rb_gc_mark here.
     rb_gc_mark((VALUE)X509_STORE_CTX_get_ex_data(ctx, stctx_ex_verify_cb_idx));
 }
 
@@ -526,7 +533,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t ossl_x509stctx_type = {
     {
         ossl_x509stctx_mark, ossl_x509stctx_free,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -614,8 +621,8 @@ ossl_x509stctx_verify(VALUE self)
     X509_STORE_CTX *ctx;
 
     GetX509StCtx(self, ctx);
-    X509_STORE_CTX_set_ex_data(ctx, stctx_ex_verify_cb_idx,
-			       (void *)rb_iv_get(self, "@verify_callback"));
+    VALUE cb = rb_iv_get(self, "@verify_callback");
+    X509_STORE_CTX_set_ex_data(ctx, stctx_ex_verify_cb_idx, (void *)cb);
 
     switch (X509_verify_cert(ctx)) {
       case 1:
diff --git a/ext/pathname/depend b/ext/pathname/depend
index a6b000e305..5dd8b042de 100644
--- a/ext/pathname/depend
+++ b/ext/pathname/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 pathname.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb b/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb
index 9a297529ca..8eeba6aad2 100644
--- a/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb
+++ b/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ require 'pathname.so'
 
 class Pathname
 
+  VERSION = "0.3.0"
+
   # :stopdoc:
 
   # to_path is implemented so Pathname objects are usable with File.open, etc.
@@ -338,6 +340,8 @@ class Pathname
 
   #
   # Appends a pathname fragment to +self+ to produce a new Pathname object.
+  # Since +other+ is considered as a path relative to +self+, if +other+ is
+  # an absolute path, the new Pathname object is created from just +other+.
   #
   #   p1 = Pathname.new("/usr")      # Pathname:/usr
   #   p2 = p1 + "bin/ruby"           # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
@@ -399,6 +403,8 @@ class Pathname
 
   #
   # Joins the given pathnames onto +self+ to create a new Pathname object.
+  # This is effectively the same as using Pathname#+ to append +self+ and
+  # all arguments sequentially.
   #
   #   path0 = Pathname.new("/usr")                # Pathname:/usr
   #   path0 = path0.join("bin/ruby")              # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
diff --git a/ext/pathname/pathname.c b/ext/pathname/pathname.c
index 8ee4bcec5b..878f216fb5 100644
--- a/ext/pathname/pathname.c
+++ b/ext/pathname/pathname.c
@@ -131,32 +131,6 @@ path_freeze(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq:
- *   pathname.taint -> obj
- *
- * Returns pathname.  This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
- */
-static VALUE
-path_taint(VALUE self)
-{
-    rb_warn("Pathname#taint is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.");
-    return self;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   pathname.untaint -> obj
- *
- * Returns pathname.  This method is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.
- */
-static VALUE
-path_untaint(VALUE self)
-{
-    rb_warn("Pathname#untaint is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.2.");
-    return self;
-}
-
-/*
  *  Compare this pathname with +other+.  The comparison is string-based.
  *  Be aware that two different paths (<tt>foo.txt</tt> and <tt>./foo.txt</tt>)
  *  can refer to the same file.
@@ -1537,8 +1511,6 @@ Init_pathname(void)
     rb_cPathname = rb_define_class("Pathname", rb_cObject);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "initialize", path_initialize, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "freeze", path_freeze, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "taint", path_taint, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "untaint", path_untaint, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "==", path_eq, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "===", path_eq, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cPathname, "eql?", path_eq, 1);
diff --git a/ext/pathname/pathname.gemspec b/ext/pathname/pathname.gemspec
index c9c0b84e69..890bc2fde9 100644
--- a/ext/pathname/pathname.gemspec
+++ b/ext/pathname/pathname.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", "ext/lib"].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "pathname"
-  spec.version       = "0.2.0"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Tanaka Akira"]
   spec.email         = ["akr@fsij.org"]
 
diff --git a/ext/psych/depend b/ext/psych/depend
index 78bde9a53d..13fbe3fb19 100644
--- a/ext/psych/depend
+++ b/ext/psych/depend
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -135,7 +136,6 @@ psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -166,7 +166,6 @@ psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 psych.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -244,6 +243,7 @@ psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -312,7 +312,6 @@ psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -343,7 +342,6 @@ psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 psych_emitter.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -421,6 +419,7 @@ psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -489,7 +488,6 @@ psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -520,7 +518,6 @@ psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 psych_parser.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -598,6 +595,7 @@ psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -666,7 +664,6 @@ psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -697,7 +694,6 @@ psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 psych_to_ruby.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -775,6 +771,7 @@ psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -843,7 +840,6 @@ psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -874,7 +870,6 @@ psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 psych_yaml_tree.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/psych/extconf.rb b/ext/psych/extconf.rb
index 6d03870436..e7dd0bb60a 100644
--- a/ext/psych/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/extconf.rb
@@ -6,39 +6,9 @@ if $mswin or $mingw or $cygwin
   $CPPFLAGS << " -DYAML_DECLARE_STATIC"
 end
 
-yaml_source = with_config("libyaml-source-dir") || enable_config("bundled-libyaml", false)
-unless yaml_source # default to pre-installed libyaml
-  pkg_config('yaml-0.1')
-  dir_config('libyaml')
-  unless find_header('yaml.h') && find_library('yaml', 'yaml_get_version')
-    yaml_source = true # fallback to the bundled source if exists
-  end
-end
-
-if yaml_source == true
-  # search the latest libyaml source under $srcdir
-  yaml_source = Dir.glob("#{$srcdir}/yaml{,-*}/").max_by {|n| File.basename(n).scan(/\d+/).map(&:to_i)}
-  unless yaml_source
-    download_failure = "failed to download libyaml source. Try manually installing libyaml?"
-    begin
-      require_relative '../../tool/extlibs.rb'
-    rescue LoadError
-      # When running in ruby/ruby, we use miniruby and don't have stdlib.
-      # Avoid LoadError because it aborts the whole build. Usually when
-      # stdlib extension fail to configure we skip it and continue.
-      raise download_failure
-    end
-    extlibs = ExtLibs.new(cache_dir: File.expand_path("../../tmp/download_cache", $srcdir))
-    unless extlibs.process_under($srcdir)
-      raise download_failure
-    end
-    yaml_source, = Dir.glob("#{$srcdir}/yaml-*/")
-    raise "libyaml not found" unless yaml_source
-  end
-elsif yaml_source
-  yaml_source = yaml_source.gsub(/\$\((\w+)\)|\$\{(\w+)\}/) {ENV[$1||$2]}
-end
+yaml_source = with_config("libyaml-source-dir")
 if yaml_source
+  yaml_source = yaml_source.gsub(/\$\((\w+)\)|\$\{(\w+)\}/) {ENV[$1||$2]}
   yaml_source = yaml_source.chomp("/")
   yaml_configure = "#{File.expand_path(yaml_source)}/configure"
   unless File.exist?(yaml_configure)
@@ -52,7 +22,7 @@ if yaml_source
   args = [
     yaml_configure,
     "--enable-#{shared ? 'shared' : 'static'}",
-    "--host=#{RbConfig::CONFIG['host'].sub(/-unknown-/, '-')}",
+    "--host=#{RbConfig::CONFIG['host'].sub(/-unknown-/, '-').sub(/arm64/, 'arm')}",
     "CC=#{RbConfig::CONFIG['CC']}",
     *(["CFLAGS=-w"] if RbConfig::CONFIG["GCC"] == "yes"),
   ]
@@ -66,6 +36,11 @@ if yaml_source
   libyaml = "libyaml.#$LIBEXT"
   $cleanfiles << libyaml
   $LOCAL_LIBS.prepend("$(LIBYAML) ")
+else # default to pre-installed libyaml
+  pkg_config('yaml-0.1')
+  dir_config('libyaml')
+  find_header('yaml.h') or abort "yaml.h not found"
+  find_library('yaml', 'yaml_get_version') or abort "libyaml not found"
 end
 
 create_makefile 'psych' do |mk|
diff --git a/ext/psych/extlibs b/ext/psych/extlibs
deleted file mode 100644
index 108aad42af..0000000000
--- a/ext/psych/extlibs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-ver = 0.2.5
-pkg = yaml-$(ver)
-
-https://github.com/yaml/libyaml/releases/download/$(ver)/$(pkg).tar.gz \
-	rmd160:cc175ed640046722fb7790de828002633407b6b9 \
-	sha256:c642ae9b75fee120b2d96c712538bd2cf283228d2337df2cf2988e3c02678ef4 \
-	sha512:dadd7d8e0d88b5ebab005e5d521d56d541580198aa497370966b98c904586e642a1cd4f3881094eb57624f218d50db77417bbfd0ffdce50340f011e35e8c4c02 \
-	#
-
-$(pkg)/config/config.guess -> /tool/config.guess
-$(pkg)/config/config.sub -> /tool/config.sub
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych.rb
index 4a2ab58514..ae167472f2 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych.rb
@@ -694,26 +694,8 @@ module Psych
     dump_tags[klass] = tag
   end
 
-  # Workaround for emulating `warn '...', uplevel: 1` in Ruby 2.4 or lower.
-  def self.warn_with_uplevel(message, uplevel: 1)
-    at = parse_caller(caller[uplevel]).join(':')
-    warn "#{at}: #{message}"
-  end
-
-  def self.parse_caller(at)
-    if /^(.+?):(\d+)(?::in `.*')?/ =~ at
-      file = $1
-      line = $2.to_i
-      [file, line]
-    end
-  end
-  private_class_method :warn_with_uplevel, :parse_caller
-
   class << self
     if defined?(Ractor)
-      require 'forwardable'
-      extend Forwardable
-
       class Config
         attr_accessor :load_tags, :dump_tags, :domain_types
         def initialize
@@ -727,7 +709,29 @@ module Psych
         Ractor.current[:PsychConfig] ||= Config.new
       end
 
-      def_delegators :config, :load_tags, :dump_tags, :domain_types, :load_tags=, :dump_tags=, :domain_types=
+      def load_tags
+        config.load_tags
+      end
+
+      def dump_tags
+        config.dump_tags
+      end
+
+      def domain_types
+        config.domain_types
+      end
+
+      def load_tags=(value)
+        config.load_tags = value
+      end
+
+      def dump_tags=(value)
+        config.dump_tags = value
+      end
+
+      def domain_types=(value)
+        config.domain_types = value
+      end
     else
       attr_accessor :load_tags
       attr_accessor :dump_tags
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/class_loader.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/class_loader.rb
index c2e4ea4c93..50efc35ee2 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/class_loader.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/class_loader.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ module Psych
 
     constants.each do |const|
       konst = const_get const
-      class_eval <<~RUBY
+      class_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
         def #{const.to_s.downcase}
           load #{konst.inspect}
         end
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/parser.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/parser.rb
index 39bc8289be..2181c730e5 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/parser.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/parser.rb
@@ -48,5 +48,18 @@ module Psych
       @handler = handler
       @external_encoding = ANY
     end
+
+    ###
+    # call-seq:
+    #    parser.parse(yaml)
+    #
+    # Parse the YAML document contained in +yaml+.  Events will be called on
+    # the handler set on the parser instance.
+    #
+    # See Psych::Parser and Psych::Parser#handler
+
+    def parse yaml, path = yaml.respond_to?(:path) ? yaml.path : "<unknown>"
+      _native_parse @handler, yaml, path
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/scalar_scanner.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/scalar_scanner.rb
index b50667c315..3cb4bf3c7e 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/scalar_scanner.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/scalar_scanner.rb
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ module Psych
       elsif string.match?(/^\d{4}-(?:1[012]|0\d|\d)-(?:[12]\d|3[01]|0\d|\d)$/)
         require 'date'
         begin
-          class_loader.date.strptime(string, '%Y-%m-%d')
+          class_loader.date.strptime(string, '%F', Date::GREGORIAN)
         rescue ArgumentError
           string
         end
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/tree_builder.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/tree_builder.rb
index 414ca02bf7..83115bd721 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/tree_builder.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/tree_builder.rb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module Psych
       Sequence
       Mapping
     }.each do |node|
-      class_eval %{
+      class_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
         def start_#{node.downcase}(anchor, tag, implicit, style)
           n = Nodes::#{node}.new(anchor, tag, implicit, style)
           set_start_location(n)
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ module Psych
           set_end_location(n)
           n
         end
-      }
+        RUBY
     end
 
     ###
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/versions.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/versions.rb
index 0fdead154c..b9e8d9ef11 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/versions.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/versions.rb
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 module Psych
   # The version of Psych you are using
-  VERSION = '5.0.0.dev'
+  VERSION = '5.1.2'
 
   if RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
-    DEFAULT_SNAKEYAML_VERSION = '1.28'.freeze
+    DEFAULT_SNAKEYAML_VERSION = '2.7'.freeze
   end
 end
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb
index cce5daf3bb..f0fda9bdbc 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ module Psych
         when "!ruby/object:DateTime"
           class_loader.date_time
           require 'date' unless defined? DateTime
-          @ss.parse_time(o.value).to_datetime
+          t = @ss.parse_time(o.value)
+          DateTime.civil(*t.to_a[0, 6].reverse, Rational(t.utc_offset, 86400)) +
+            (t.subsec/86400)
         when '!ruby/encoding'
           ::Encoding.find o.value
         when "!ruby/object:Complex"
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ module Psych
           source  = $1
           options = 0
           lang    = nil
-          ($2 || '').split('').each do |option|
+          $2&.each_char do |option|
             case option
             when 'x' then options |= Regexp::EXTENDED
             when 'i' then options |= Regexp::IGNORECASE
diff --git a/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb b/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb
index 316a3a9496..1dd4094c1d 100644
--- a/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb
+++ b/ext/psych/lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb
@@ -15,30 +15,29 @@ module Psych
     class YAMLTree < Psych::Visitors::Visitor
       class Registrar # :nodoc:
         def initialize
-          @obj_to_id   = {}
-          @obj_to_node = {}
+          @obj_to_id   = {}.compare_by_identity
+          @obj_to_node = {}.compare_by_identity
           @targets     = []
           @counter     = 0
         end
 
         def register target, node
-          return unless target.respond_to? :object_id
           @targets << target
-          @obj_to_node[target.object_id] = node
+          @obj_to_node[target] = node
         end
 
         def key? target
-          @obj_to_node.key? target.object_id
+          @obj_to_node.key? target
         rescue NoMethodError
           false
         end
 
         def id_for target
-          @obj_to_id[target.object_id] ||= (@counter += 1)
+          @obj_to_id[target] ||= (@counter += 1)
         end
 
         def node_for target
-          @obj_to_node[target.object_id]
+          @obj_to_node[target]
         end
       end
 
@@ -192,12 +191,13 @@ module Psych
         register o, @emitter.scalar(o.inspect, nil, '!ruby/regexp', false, false, Nodes::Scalar::ANY)
       end
 
+      def visit_Date o
+        register o, visit_Integer(o.gregorian)
+      end
+
       def visit_DateTime o
-        formatted = if o.offset.zero?
-                      o.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%9N Z".freeze)
-                    else
-                      o.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%9N %:z".freeze)
-                    end
+        t = o.italy
+        formatted = format_time t, t.offset.zero?
         tag = '!ruby/object:DateTime'
         register o, @emitter.scalar(formatted, nil, tag, false, false, Nodes::Scalar::ANY)
       end
@@ -235,7 +235,6 @@ module Psych
       end
       alias :visit_TrueClass :visit_Integer
       alias :visit_FalseClass :visit_Integer
-      alias :visit_Date :visit_Integer
 
       def visit_Float o
         if o.nan?
@@ -482,8 +481,8 @@ module Psych
         @emitter.end_mapping
       end
 
-      def format_time time
-        if time.utc?
+      def format_time time, utc = time.utc?
+        if utc
           time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%9N Z")
         else
           time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%9N %:z")
@@ -568,7 +567,7 @@ module Psych
           raise BadAlias, "Tried to dump an aliased object"
         end
 
-        unless @permitted_classes[target.class]
+        unless Symbol === target || @permitted_classes[target.class]
           raise DisallowedClass.new('dump', target.class.name || target.class.inspect)
         end
 
@@ -576,7 +575,7 @@ module Psych
       end
 
       def visit_Symbol sym
-        unless @permitted_symbols[sym]
+        unless @permitted_classes[Symbol] || @permitted_symbols[sym]
           raise DisallowedClass.new('dump', "Symbol(#{sym.inspect})")
         end
 
diff --git a/ext/psych/psych.gemspec b/ext/psych/psych.gemspec
index 5f5168ddb0..34f70095d3 100644
--- a/ext/psych/psych.gemspec
+++ b/ext/psych/psych.gemspec
@@ -21,28 +21,41 @@ DESCRIPTION
   s.licenses = ["MIT"]
   s.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  # for ruby core repository. It was generated by `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  # for ruby core repository.
+  # It was generated by
+  # `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f|
+  #   f.match(%r{^\.git|^(test|spec|features|bin|tool)/|^[A-Z]\w+file$|/extlibs$|\.(gemspec|java)$|jar})
+  # }
   s.files = [
-    ".gitignore", "Gemfile", "LICENSE", "Mavenfile", "README.md", "Rakefile", "bin/console",
-    "bin/setup", "ext/psych/depend", "ext/psych/extconf.rb", "ext/psych/psych.c", "ext/psych/psych.h",
-    "ext/psych/psych_emitter.c", "ext/psych/psych_emitter.h", "ext/psych/psych_parser.c", "ext/psych/psych_parser.h",
-    "ext/psych/psych_to_ruby.c", "ext/psych/psych_to_ruby.h", "ext/psych/psych_yaml_tree.c", "ext/psych/psych_yaml_tree.h",
-    "lib/psych.rb", "lib/psych/class_loader.rb", "lib/psych/coder.rb", "lib/psych/core_ext.rb", "lib/psych/exception.rb",
-    "lib/psych/handler.rb", "lib/psych/handlers/document_stream.rb", "lib/psych/handlers/recorder.rb",
-    "lib/psych/json/ruby_events.rb", "lib/psych/json/stream.rb", "lib/psych/json/tree_builder.rb",
-    "lib/psych/json/yaml_events.rb", "lib/psych/nodes.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/alias.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/document.rb",
-    "lib/psych/nodes/mapping.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/node.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/scalar.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/sequence.rb",
-    "lib/psych/nodes/stream.rb", "lib/psych/omap.rb", "lib/psych/parser.rb", "lib/psych/scalar_scanner.rb",
-    "lib/psych/set.rb", "lib/psych/stream.rb", "lib/psych/streaming.rb", "lib/psych/syntax_error.rb",
-    "lib/psych/tree_builder.rb", "lib/psych/versions.rb", "lib/psych/visitors.rb","lib/psych/visitors/depth_first.rb",
-    "lib/psych/visitors/emitter.rb", "lib/psych/visitors/json_tree.rb", "lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb",
-    "lib/psych/visitors/visitor.rb", "lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb", "lib/psych/y.rb", "psych.gemspec"
+    "CONTRIBUTING.md", "LICENSE", "README.md", "ext/psych/depend",
+    "ext/psych/extconf.rb", "ext/psych/psych.c", "ext/psych/psych.h",
+    "ext/psych/psych_emitter.c", "ext/psych/psych_emitter.h",
+    "ext/psych/psych_parser.c", "ext/psych/psych_parser.h",
+    "ext/psych/psych_to_ruby.c", "ext/psych/psych_to_ruby.h",
+    "ext/psych/psych_yaml_tree.c", "ext/psych/psych_yaml_tree.h",
+    "lib/psych.rb", "lib/psych/class_loader.rb", "lib/psych/coder.rb",
+    "lib/psych/core_ext.rb", "lib/psych/exception.rb", "lib/psych/handler.rb",
+    "lib/psych/handlers/document_stream.rb", "lib/psych/handlers/recorder.rb",
+    "lib/psych/json/ruby_events.rb", "lib/psych/json/stream.rb",
+    "lib/psych/json/tree_builder.rb", "lib/psych/json/yaml_events.rb",
+    "lib/psych/nodes.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/alias.rb",
+    "lib/psych/nodes/document.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/mapping.rb",
+    "lib/psych/nodes/node.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/scalar.rb",
+    "lib/psych/nodes/sequence.rb", "lib/psych/nodes/stream.rb",
+    "lib/psych/omap.rb", "lib/psych/parser.rb", "lib/psych/scalar_scanner.rb",
+    "lib/psych/set.rb", "lib/psych/stream.rb", "lib/psych/streaming.rb",
+    "lib/psych/syntax_error.rb", "lib/psych/tree_builder.rb",
+    "lib/psych/versions.rb", "lib/psych/visitors.rb",
+    "lib/psych/visitors/depth_first.rb", "lib/psych/visitors/emitter.rb",
+    "lib/psych/visitors/json_tree.rb", "lib/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb",
+    "lib/psych/visitors/visitor.rb", "lib/psych/visitors/yaml_tree.rb",
+    "lib/psych/y.rb"
   ]
 
   s.rdoc_options = ["--main", "README.md"]
   s.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.md"]
 
-  s.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.4.0")
+  s.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.5.0")
   s.required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 0")
 
   if RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
@@ -52,15 +65,16 @@ DESCRIPTION
       "ext/java/org/jruby/ext/psych/PsychLibrary.java",
       "ext/java/org/jruby/ext/psych/PsychParser.java",
       "ext/java/org/jruby/ext/psych/PsychToRuby.java",
-      "ext/java/org/jruby/ext/psych/PsychYamlTree.java",
       "lib/psych_jars.rb",
       "lib/psych.jar"
     ]
-    s.requirements = "jar org.yaml:snakeyaml, #{version_module::Psych::DEFAULT_SNAKEYAML_VERSION}"
+    s.requirements = "jar org.snakeyaml:snakeyaml-engine, #{version_module::Psych::DEFAULT_SNAKEYAML_VERSION}"
     s.add_dependency 'jar-dependencies', '>= 0.1.7'
   else
     s.extensions = ["ext/psych/extconf.rb"]
     s.add_dependency 'stringio'
   end
 
+  s.metadata['msys2_mingw_dependencies'] = 'libyaml'
+
 end
diff --git a/ext/psych/psych_parser.c b/ext/psych/psych_parser.c
index f91475b835..9c5179cc44 100644
--- a/ext/psych/psych_parser.c
+++ b/ext/psych/psych_parser.c
@@ -245,18 +245,8 @@ static VALUE protected_event_location(VALUE pointer)
     return rb_funcall3(args[0], id_event_location, 4, args + 1);
 }
 
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    parser.parse(yaml)
- *
- * Parse the YAML document contained in +yaml+.  Events will be called on
- * the handler set on the parser instance.
- *
- * See Psych::Parser and Psych::Parser#handler
- */
-static VALUE parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+static VALUE parse(VALUE self, VALUE handler, VALUE yaml, VALUE path)
 {
-    VALUE yaml, path;
     yaml_parser_t * parser;
     yaml_event_t event;
     int done = 0;
@@ -264,14 +254,6 @@ static VALUE parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     int parser_encoding = YAML_ANY_ENCODING;
     int encoding = rb_utf8_encindex();
     rb_encoding * internal_enc = rb_default_internal_encoding();
-    VALUE handler = rb_iv_get(self, "@handler");
-
-    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &yaml, &path) == 1) {
-	if(rb_respond_to(yaml, id_path))
-	    path = rb_funcall(yaml, id_path, 0);
-	else
-	    path = rb_str_new2("<unknown>");
-    }
 
     TypedData_Get_Struct(self, yaml_parser_t, &psych_parser_type, parser);
 
@@ -562,7 +544,7 @@ void Init_psych_parser(void)
 
     rb_require("psych/syntax_error");
 
-    rb_define_method(cPsychParser, "parse", parse, -1);
+    rb_define_private_method(cPsychParser, "_native_parse", parse, 3);
     rb_define_method(cPsychParser, "mark", mark, 0);
 
     id_read            = rb_intern("read");
diff --git a/ext/pty/depend b/ext/pty/depend
index c43d3dcf9a..d4d0d558ef 100644
--- a/ext/pty/depend
+++ b/ext/pty/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 pty.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -181,5 +180,6 @@ pty.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/process.h
 pty.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/signal.h
 pty.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 pty.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+pty.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
 pty.o: pty.c
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/pty/lib/expect.rb b/ext/pty/lib/expect.rb
index 5dbfa09ae9..22cbf54115 100644
--- a/ext/pty/lib/expect.rb
+++ b/ext/pty/lib/expect.rb
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 $expect_verbose = false
 
-# Expect library adds the IO instance method #expect, which does similar act to
-# tcl's expect extension.
-#
-# In order to use this method, you must require expect:
-#
-#   require 'expect'
-#
-# Please see #expect for usage.
 class IO
   # call-seq:
   #   IO#expect(pattern,timeout=9999999)                  ->  Array
   #   IO#expect(pattern,timeout=9999999) { |result| ... } ->  nil
   #
+  # The +expect+ library adds instance method IO#expect,
+  # which is similar to the
+  # {TCL expect extension}[https://www.tcl.tk/man/expect5.31/expect.1.html].
+  #
+  # To use this method, you must require +expect+:
+  #
+  #   require 'expect'
+  #
   # Reads from the IO until the given +pattern+ matches or the +timeout+ is over.
   #
   # It returns an array with the read buffer, followed by the matches.
diff --git a/ext/pty/pty.c b/ext/pty/pty.c
index 155d215942..8dca8ba281 100644
--- a/ext/pty/pty.c
+++ b/ext/pty/pty.c
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ establishShell(int argc, VALUE *argv, struct pty_info *info,
 {
     int 		master, slave, status = 0;
     rb_pid_t		pid;
-    char		*p, *getenv();
+    char		*p;
     VALUE		v;
     struct child_info   carg;
     char		errbuf[32];
@@ -448,8 +448,10 @@ pty_close_pty(VALUE assoc)
 
     for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
         io = rb_ary_entry(assoc, i);
-        if (RB_TYPE_P(io, T_FILE) && 0 <= RFILE(io)->fptr->fd)
+        if (RB_TYPE_P(io, T_FILE)) {
+            /* it's OK to call rb_io_close again even if it's already closed */
             rb_io_close(io);
+        }
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
@@ -499,28 +501,21 @@ pty_open(VALUE klass)
 {
     int master_fd, slave_fd;
     char slavename[DEVICELEN];
-    VALUE master_io, slave_file;
-    rb_io_t *master_fptr, *slave_fptr;
-    VALUE assoc;
 
     getDevice(&master_fd, &slave_fd, slavename, 1);
 
-    master_io = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cIO);
-    MakeOpenFile(master_io, master_fptr);
-    master_fptr->mode = FMODE_READWRITE | FMODE_SYNC | FMODE_DUPLEX;
-    master_fptr->fd = master_fd;
-    master_fptr->pathv = rb_obj_freeze(rb_sprintf("masterpty:%s", slavename));
+    VALUE master_path = rb_obj_freeze(rb_sprintf("masterpty:%s", slavename));
+    VALUE master_io = rb_io_open_descriptor(rb_cIO, master_fd, FMODE_READWRITE | FMODE_SYNC | FMODE_DUPLEX, master_path, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, NULL);
+
+    VALUE slave_path = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(slavename));
+    VALUE slave_file = rb_io_open_descriptor(rb_cFile, slave_fd, FMODE_READWRITE | FMODE_SYNC | FMODE_DUPLEX | FMODE_TTY, slave_path, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, NULL);
 
-    slave_file = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cFile);
-    MakeOpenFile(slave_file, slave_fptr);
-    slave_fptr->mode = FMODE_READWRITE | FMODE_SYNC | FMODE_DUPLEX | FMODE_TTY;
-    slave_fptr->fd = slave_fd;
-    slave_fptr->pathv = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(slavename));
+    VALUE assoc = rb_assoc_new(master_io, slave_file);
 
-    assoc = rb_assoc_new(master_io, slave_file);
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         return rb_ensure(rb_yield, assoc, pty_close_pty, assoc);
     }
+
     return assoc;
 }
 
@@ -577,30 +572,27 @@ pty_getpty(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
     VALUE res;
     struct pty_info info;
-    rb_io_t *wfptr,*rfptr;
-    VALUE rport = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cFile);
-    VALUE wport = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cFile);
     char SlaveName[DEVICELEN];
 
-    MakeOpenFile(rport, rfptr);
-    MakeOpenFile(wport, wfptr);
-
     establishShell(argc, argv, &info, SlaveName);
 
-    rfptr->mode = rb_io_modestr_fmode("r");
-    rfptr->fd = info.fd;
-    rfptr->pathv = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(SlaveName));
+    VALUE pty_path = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(SlaveName));
+    VALUE rport = rb_io_open_descriptor(
+        rb_cFile, info.fd, FMODE_READABLE, pty_path, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, NULL
+    );
 
-    wfptr->mode = rb_io_modestr_fmode("w") | FMODE_SYNC;
-    wfptr->fd = rb_cloexec_dup(info.fd);
-    if (wfptr->fd == -1)
+    int wpty_fd = rb_cloexec_dup(info.fd);
+    if (wpty_fd == -1) {
         rb_sys_fail("dup()");
-    rb_update_max_fd(wfptr->fd);
-    wfptr->pathv = rfptr->pathv;
+    }
+    VALUE wport = rb_io_open_descriptor(
+        rb_cFile, wpty_fd, FMODE_WRITABLE | FMODE_TRUNC | FMODE_CREATE | FMODE_SYNC,
+        pty_path, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT, NULL
+    );
 
     res = rb_ary_new2(3);
-    rb_ary_store(res,0,(VALUE)rport);
-    rb_ary_store(res,1,(VALUE)wport);
+    rb_ary_store(res, 0, rport);
+    rb_ary_store(res, 1, wport);
     rb_ary_store(res,2,PIDT2NUM(info.child_pid));
 
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
@@ -753,8 +745,13 @@ void
 Init_pty(void)
 {
     cPTY = rb_define_module("PTY");
-    /* :nodoc: */
-    rb_define_module_function(cPTY,"getpty",pty_getpty,-1);
+#if 1
+    rb_define_module_function(cPTY,"get""pty",pty_getpty,-1);
+#else  /* for RDoc */
+    /* show getpty as an alias of spawn */
+    VALUE sPTY = rb_singleton_class(cPTY);
+    rb_define_alias(sPTY, "getpty", "spawn");
+#endif
     rb_define_module_function(cPTY,"spawn",pty_getpty,-1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(cPTY,"check",pty_check,-1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(cPTY,"open",pty_open,0);
diff --git a/ext/racc/cparse/README b/ext/racc/cparse/README
deleted file mode 100644
index 550e8d49fe..0000000000
--- a/ext/racc/cparse/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-Racc Runtime README
-===================
-
-This directory contains a runtime library of
-Racc parser generator.  If you want to generate
-your own parser, you must get Racc full package.
-Get it from:
-
-  - http://i.loveruby.net/en/projects/racc
-  - https://github.com/ruby/racc
-
diff --git a/ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c b/ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f71ed2bba9..0000000000
--- a/ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,863 +0,0 @@
-/*
-
-    cparse.c -- Racc Runtime Core
-
-    Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-
-    This library is free software.
-    You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-
-    $originalId: cparse.c,v 1.8 2006/07/06 11:39:46 aamine Exp $
-
-*/
-
-#include <ruby.h>
-
-#ifndef FALSE
-#define FALSE 0
-#endif
-#ifndef TRUE
-#define TRUE 1
-#endif
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                        Important Constants
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-#define RACC_VERSION "1.4.15"
-
-#define DEFAULT_TOKEN -1
-#define ERROR_TOKEN    1
-#define FINAL_TOKEN    0
-
-#define vDEFAULT_TOKEN  INT2FIX(DEFAULT_TOKEN)
-#define vERROR_TOKEN    INT2FIX(ERROR_TOKEN)
-#define vFINAL_TOKEN    INT2FIX(FINAL_TOKEN)
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                          File Local Variables
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-static VALUE RaccBug;
-static VALUE CparseParams;
-
-static ID id_yydebug;
-static ID id_nexttoken;
-static ID id_onerror;
-static ID id_noreduce;
-static ID id_errstatus;
-
-static ID id_d_shift;
-static ID id_d_reduce;
-static ID id_d_accept;
-static ID id_d_read_token;
-static ID id_d_next_state;
-static ID id_d_e_pop;
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                              Utils
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-/* For backward compatibility */
-#ifndef ID2SYM
-# define ID2SYM(i) ULONG2NUM(i)
-#endif
-#ifndef SYM2ID
-#  define SYM2ID(v) ((ID)NUM2ULONG(v))
-#endif
-#ifndef SYMBOL_P
-#  define SYMBOL_P(v) FIXNUM_P(v)
-#endif
-#ifndef LONG2NUM
-#  define LONG2NUM(i) INT2NUM(i)
-#endif
-
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_ARY_SUBSEQ
-#  define rb_ary_subseq(ary, beg, len) rb_ary_new4(len, RARRAY_PTR(ary) + beg)
-#endif
-
-static ID value_to_id _((VALUE v));
-static inline long num_to_long _((VALUE n));
-
-static ID
-value_to_id(VALUE v)
-{
-    if (! SYMBOL_P(v)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "not symbol");
-    }
-    return SYM2ID(v);
-}
-
-static inline long
-num_to_long(VALUE n)
-{
-    return NUM2LONG(n);
-}
-
-#define AREF(s, idx) \
-    ((0 <= idx && idx < RARRAY_LEN(s)) ? rb_ary_entry(s, idx) : Qnil)
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                        Parser Stack Interfaces
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-static VALUE get_stack_tail _((VALUE stack, long len));
-static void cut_stack_tail _((VALUE stack, long len));
-
-static VALUE
-get_stack_tail(VALUE stack, long len)
-{
-    if (len < 0) return Qnil;  /* system error */
-    if (len > RARRAY_LEN(stack)) len = RARRAY_LEN(stack);
-    return rb_ary_subseq(stack, RARRAY_LEN(stack) - len, len);
-}
-
-static void
-cut_stack_tail(VALUE stack, long len)
-{
-    while (len > 0) {
-        rb_ary_pop(stack);
-        len--;
-    }
-}
-
-#define STACK_INIT_LEN 64
-#define NEW_STACK() rb_ary_new2(STACK_INIT_LEN)
-#define PUSH(s, i) rb_ary_store(s, RARRAY_LEN(s), i)
-#define POP(s) rb_ary_pop(s)
-#define LAST_I(s) \
-    ((RARRAY_LEN(s) > 0) ? rb_ary_entry(s, RARRAY_LEN(s) - 1) : Qnil)
-#define GET_TAIL(s, len) get_stack_tail(s, len)
-#define CUT_TAIL(s, len) cut_stack_tail(s, len)
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                       struct cparse_params
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-struct cparse_params {
-    VALUE value_v;         /* VALUE version of this struct */
-
-    VALUE parser;          /* parser object */
-
-    int   lex_is_iterator;
-    VALUE lexer;           /* scanner object */
-    ID    lexmid;          /* name of scanner method (must be an iterator) */
-
-    /* State transition tables (immutable)
-       Data structure is from Dragon Book 4.9 */
-    /* action table */
-    VALUE action_table;
-    VALUE action_check;
-    VALUE action_default;
-    VALUE action_pointer;
-    /* goto table */
-    VALUE goto_table;
-    VALUE goto_check;
-    VALUE goto_default;
-    VALUE goto_pointer;
-
-    long  nt_base;         /* NonTerminal BASE index */
-    VALUE reduce_table;    /* reduce data table */
-    VALUE token_table;     /* token conversion table */
-
-    /* parser stacks and parameters */
-    VALUE state;
-    long curstate;
-    VALUE vstack;
-    VALUE tstack;
-    VALUE t;
-    long shift_n;
-    long reduce_n;
-    long ruleno;
-
-    long errstatus;         /* nonzero in error recovering mode */
-    long nerr;              /* number of error */
-
-    int use_result_var;
-
-    VALUE retval;           /* return value of parser routine */
-    long fin;               /* parse result status */
-#define CP_FIN_ACCEPT  1
-#define CP_FIN_EOT     2
-#define CP_FIN_CANTPOP 3
-
-    int debug;              /* user level debug */
-    int sys_debug;          /* system level debug */
-
-    long i;                 /* table index */
-};
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                        Parser Main Routines
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-static VALUE racc_cparse _((VALUE parser, VALUE arg, VALUE sysdebug));
-static VALUE racc_yyparse _((VALUE parser, VALUE lexer, VALUE lexmid,
-                             VALUE arg, VALUE sysdebug));
-
-static void call_lexer _((struct cparse_params *v));
-static VALUE lexer_i _((RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(block_args, data)));
-
-static VALUE assert_array _((VALUE a));
-static long assert_integer _((VALUE n));
-static VALUE assert_hash _((VALUE h));
-static VALUE initialize_params _((VALUE vparams, VALUE parser, VALUE arg,
-                                 VALUE lexer, VALUE lexmid));
-static void cparse_params_mark _((void *ptr));
-static size_t cparse_params_memsize _((const void *ptr));
-
-static void parse_main _((struct cparse_params *v,
-                         VALUE tok, VALUE val, int resume));
-static void extract_user_token _((struct cparse_params *v,
-                                  VALUE block_args, VALUE *tok, VALUE *val));
-static void shift _((struct cparse_params* v, long act, VALUE tok, VALUE val));
-static int reduce _((struct cparse_params* v, long act));
-static rb_block_call_func reduce0;
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-# define D_puts(msg)        if (v->sys_debug) puts(msg)
-# define D_printf(fmt,arg)  if (v->sys_debug) printf(fmt,arg)
-#else
-# define D_puts(msg)
-# define D_printf(fmt,arg)
-#endif
-
-#undef RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING
-#define RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING 1
-
-static const rb_data_type_t cparse_params_type = {
-    "racc/cparse",
-    {
-	cparse_params_mark,
-	RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
-	cparse_params_memsize,
-    },
-#ifdef RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
-    0, 0,
-    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
-#endif
-};
-
-static VALUE
-racc_cparse(VALUE parser, VALUE arg, VALUE sysdebug)
-{
-    VALUE vparams;
-    struct cparse_params *v;
-
-    vparams = TypedData_Make_Struct(CparseParams, struct cparse_params,
-				    &cparse_params_type, v);
-    D_puts("starting cparse");
-    v->sys_debug = RTEST(sysdebug);
-    vparams = initialize_params(vparams, parser, arg, Qnil, Qnil);
-    v->lex_is_iterator = FALSE;
-    parse_main(v, Qnil, Qnil, 0);
-
-    RB_GC_GUARD(vparams);
-    return v->retval;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-racc_yyparse(VALUE parser, VALUE lexer, VALUE lexmid, VALUE arg, VALUE sysdebug)
-{
-    VALUE vparams;
-    struct cparse_params *v;
-
-    vparams = TypedData_Make_Struct(CparseParams, struct cparse_params,
-				    &cparse_params_type, v);
-    v->sys_debug = RTEST(sysdebug);
-    D_puts("start C yyparse");
-    vparams = initialize_params(vparams, parser, arg, lexer, lexmid);
-    v->lex_is_iterator = TRUE;
-    D_puts("params initialized");
-    parse_main(v, Qnil, Qnil, 0);
-    call_lexer(v);
-    if (!v->fin) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "%s() is finished before EndOfToken",
-                 rb_id2name(v->lexmid));
-    }
-
-    RB_GC_GUARD(vparams);
-    return v->retval;
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RB_BLOCK_CALL
-static void
-call_lexer(struct cparse_params *v)
-{
-    rb_block_call(v->lexer, v->lexmid, 0, NULL, lexer_i, v->value_v);
-}
-#else
-static VALUE
-lexer_iter(VALUE data)
-{
-    struct cparse_params *v = rb_check_typeddata(data, &cparse_params_type);
-
-    rb_funcall(v->lexer, v->lexmid, 0);
-    return Qnil;
-}
-
-static void
-call_lexer(struct cparse_params *v)
-{
-    rb_iterate(lexer_iter, v->value_v, lexer_i, v->value_v);
-}
-#endif
-
-static VALUE
-lexer_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(block_args, data))
-{
-    struct cparse_params *v = rb_check_typeddata(data, &cparse_params_type);
-    VALUE tok, val;
-
-    if (v->fin)
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "extra token after EndOfToken");
-    extract_user_token(v, block_args, &tok, &val);
-    parse_main(v, tok, val, 1);
-    if (v->fin && v->fin != CP_FIN_ACCEPT)
-       rb_iter_break();
-    return Qnil;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-assert_array(VALUE a)
-{
-    Check_Type(a, T_ARRAY);
-    return a;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-assert_hash(VALUE h)
-{
-    Check_Type(h, T_HASH);
-    return h;
-}
-
-static long
-assert_integer(VALUE n)
-{
-    return NUM2LONG(n);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-initialize_params(VALUE vparams, VALUE parser, VALUE arg, VALUE lexer, VALUE lexmid)
-{
-    struct cparse_params *v = rb_check_typeddata(vparams, &cparse_params_type);
-
-    v->value_v = vparams;
-    v->parser = parser;
-    v->lexer = lexer;
-    if (! NIL_P(lexmid))
-        v->lexmid = value_to_id(lexmid);
-
-    v->debug = RTEST(rb_ivar_get(parser, id_yydebug));
-
-    Check_Type(arg, T_ARRAY);
-    if (!(13 <= RARRAY_LEN(arg) && RARRAY_LEN(arg) <= 14))
-        rb_raise(RaccBug, "[Racc Bug] wrong arg.size %ld", RARRAY_LEN(arg));
-    v->action_table   = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  0));
-    v->action_check   = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  1));
-    v->action_default = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  2));
-    v->action_pointer = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  3));
-    v->goto_table     = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  4));
-    v->goto_check     = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  5));
-    v->goto_default   = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  6));
-    v->goto_pointer   = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  7));
-    v->nt_base        = assert_integer(rb_ary_entry(arg,  8));
-    v->reduce_table   = assert_array  (rb_ary_entry(arg,  9));
-    v->token_table    = assert_hash   (rb_ary_entry(arg, 10));
-    v->shift_n        = assert_integer(rb_ary_entry(arg, 11));
-    v->reduce_n       = assert_integer(rb_ary_entry(arg, 12));
-    if (RARRAY_LEN(arg) > 13) {
-        v->use_result_var = RTEST(rb_ary_entry(arg, 13));
-    }
-    else {
-        v->use_result_var = TRUE;
-    }
-
-    v->tstack = v->debug ? NEW_STACK() : Qnil;
-    v->vstack = NEW_STACK();
-    v->state = NEW_STACK();
-    v->curstate = 0;
-    PUSH(v->state, INT2FIX(0));
-    v->t = INT2FIX(FINAL_TOKEN + 1);   /* must not init to FINAL_TOKEN */
-    v->nerr = 0;
-    v->errstatus = 0;
-    rb_ivar_set(parser, id_errstatus, LONG2NUM(v->errstatus));
-
-    v->retval = Qnil;
-    v->fin = 0;
-
-    v->lex_is_iterator = FALSE;
-
-    rb_iv_set(parser, "@vstack", v->vstack);
-    if (v->debug) {
-        rb_iv_set(parser, "@tstack", v->tstack);
-    }
-    else {
-        rb_iv_set(parser, "@tstack", Qnil);
-    }
-
-    return vparams;
-}
-
-static void
-cparse_params_mark(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct cparse_params *v = (struct cparse_params*)ptr;
-
-    rb_gc_mark(v->value_v);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->parser);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->lexer);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->action_table);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->action_check);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->action_default);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->action_pointer);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->goto_table);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->goto_check);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->goto_default);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->goto_pointer);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->reduce_table);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->token_table);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->state);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->vstack);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->tstack);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->t);
-    rb_gc_mark(v->retval);
-}
-
-static size_t
-cparse_params_memsize(const void *ptr)
-{
-    return sizeof(struct cparse_params);
-}
-
-static void
-extract_user_token(struct cparse_params *v, VALUE block_args,
-                   VALUE *tok, VALUE *val)
-{
-    if (NIL_P(block_args)) {
-        /* EOF */
-        *tok = Qfalse;
-        *val = rb_str_new("$", 1);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!RB_TYPE_P(block_args, T_ARRAY)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-                 "%s() %s %"PRIsVALUE" (must be Array[2])",
-                 v->lex_is_iterator ? rb_id2name(v->lexmid) : "next_token",
-                 v->lex_is_iterator ? "yielded" : "returned",
-                 rb_obj_class(block_args));
-    }
-    if (RARRAY_LEN(block_args) != 2) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
-                 "%s() %s wrong size of array (%ld for 2)",
-                 v->lex_is_iterator ? rb_id2name(v->lexmid) : "next_token",
-                 v->lex_is_iterator ? "yielded" : "returned",
-                 RARRAY_LEN(block_args));
-    }
-    *tok = AREF(block_args, 0);
-    *val = AREF(block_args, 1);
-}
-
-#define SHIFT(v,act,tok,val) shift(v,act,tok,val)
-#define REDUCE(v,act) do {\
-    switch (reduce(v,act)) {  \
-      case 0: /* normal */    \
-        break;                \
-      case 1: /* yyerror */   \
-        goto user_yyerror;    \
-      case 2: /* yyaccept */  \
-        D_puts("u accept");   \
-        goto accept;          \
-      default:                \
-        break;                \
-    }                         \
-} while (0)
-
-static void
-parse_main(struct cparse_params *v, VALUE tok, VALUE val, int resume)
-{
-    long i;              /* table index */
-    long act;            /* action type */
-    VALUE act_value;     /* action type, VALUE version */
-    int read_next = 1;   /* true if we need to read next token */
-    VALUE tmp;
-
-    if (resume)
-        goto resume;
-
-    while (1) {
-        D_puts("");
-        D_puts("---- enter new loop ----");
-        D_puts("");
-
-        D_printf("(act) k1=%ld\n", v->curstate);
-        tmp = AREF(v->action_pointer, v->curstate);
-        if (NIL_P(tmp)) goto notfound;
-        D_puts("(act) pointer[k1] ok");
-        i = NUM2LONG(tmp);
-
-        D_printf("read_next=%d\n", read_next);
-        if (read_next && (v->t != vFINAL_TOKEN)) {
-            if (v->lex_is_iterator) {
-                D_puts("resuming...");
-                if (v->fin) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "token given after EOF");
-                v->i = i;  /* save i */
-                return;
-              resume:
-                D_puts("resumed");
-                i = v->i;  /* load i */
-            }
-            else {
-                D_puts("next_token");
-                tmp = rb_funcall(v->parser, id_nexttoken, 0);
-                extract_user_token(v, tmp, &tok, &val);
-            }
-            /* convert token */
-            v->t = rb_hash_aref(v->token_table, tok);
-            if (NIL_P(v->t)) {
-                v->t = vERROR_TOKEN;
-            }
-            D_printf("(act) t(k2)=%ld\n", NUM2LONG(v->t));
-            if (v->debug) {
-                rb_funcall(v->parser, id_d_read_token,
-                           3, v->t, tok, val);
-            }
-        }
-        read_next = 0;
-
-        i += NUM2LONG(v->t);
-        D_printf("(act) i=%ld\n", i);
-        if (i < 0) goto notfound;
-
-        act_value = AREF(v->action_table, i);
-        if (NIL_P(act_value)) goto notfound;
-        act = NUM2LONG(act_value);
-        D_printf("(act) table[i]=%ld\n", act);
-
-        tmp = AREF(v->action_check, i);
-        if (NIL_P(tmp)) goto notfound;
-        if (NUM2LONG(tmp) != v->curstate) goto notfound;
-        D_printf("(act) check[i]=%ld\n", NUM2LONG(tmp));
-
-        D_puts("(act) found");
-      act_fixed:
-        D_printf("act=%ld\n", act);
-        goto handle_act;
-
-      notfound:
-        D_puts("(act) not found: use default");
-        act_value = AREF(v->action_default, v->curstate);
-        act = NUM2LONG(act_value);
-        goto act_fixed;
-
-
-      handle_act:
-        if (act > 0 && act < v->shift_n) {
-            D_puts("shift");
-            if (v->errstatus > 0) {
-                v->errstatus--;
-                rb_ivar_set(v->parser, id_errstatus, LONG2NUM(v->errstatus));
-            }
-            SHIFT(v, act, v->t, val);
-            read_next = 1;
-        }
-        else if (act < 0 && act > -(v->reduce_n)) {
-            D_puts("reduce");
-            REDUCE(v, act);
-        }
-        else if (act == -(v->reduce_n)) {
-            goto error;
-          error_recovered:
-            ;   /* goto label requires stmt */
-        }
-        else if (act == v->shift_n) {
-            D_puts("accept");
-            goto accept;
-        }
-        else {
-            rb_raise(RaccBug, "[Racc Bug] unknown act value %ld", act);
-        }
-
-        if (v->debug) {
-            rb_funcall(v->parser, id_d_next_state,
-                       2, LONG2NUM(v->curstate), v->state);
-        }
-    }
-    /* not reach */
-
-
-  accept:
-    if (v->debug) rb_funcall(v->parser, id_d_accept, 0);
-    v->retval = rb_ary_entry(v->vstack, 0);
-    v->fin = CP_FIN_ACCEPT;
-    return;
-
-
-  error:
-    D_printf("error detected, status=%ld\n", v->errstatus);
-    if (v->errstatus == 0) {
-        v->nerr++;
-        rb_funcall(v->parser, id_onerror,
-                   3, v->t, val, v->vstack);
-    }
-  user_yyerror:
-    if (v->errstatus == 3) {
-        if (v->t == vFINAL_TOKEN) {
-            v->retval = Qnil;
-            v->fin = CP_FIN_EOT;
-            return;
-        }
-        read_next = 1;
-    }
-    v->errstatus = 3;
-    rb_ivar_set(v->parser, id_errstatus, LONG2NUM(v->errstatus));
-
-    /* check if we can shift/reduce error token */
-    D_printf("(err) k1=%ld\n", v->curstate);
-    D_printf("(err) k2=%d (error)\n", ERROR_TOKEN);
-    while (1) {
-        tmp = AREF(v->action_pointer, v->curstate);
-        if (NIL_P(tmp)) goto error_pop;
-        D_puts("(err) pointer[k1] ok");
-
-        i = NUM2LONG(tmp) + ERROR_TOKEN;
-        D_printf("(err) i=%ld\n", i);
-        if (i < 0) goto error_pop;
-
-        act_value = AREF(v->action_table, i);
-        if (NIL_P(act_value)) {
-            D_puts("(err) table[i] == nil");
-            goto error_pop;
-        }
-        act = NUM2LONG(act_value);
-        D_printf("(err) table[i]=%ld\n", act);
-
-        tmp = AREF(v->action_check, i);
-        if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
-            D_puts("(err) check[i] == nil");
-            goto error_pop;
-        }
-        if (NUM2LONG(tmp) != v->curstate) {
-            D_puts("(err) check[i] != k1");
-            goto error_pop;
-        }
-
-        D_puts("(err) found: can handle error token");
-        break;
-
-      error_pop:
-        D_puts("(err) act not found: can't handle error token; pop");
-
-        if (RARRAY_LEN(v->state) <= 1) {
-            v->retval = Qnil;
-            v->fin = CP_FIN_CANTPOP;
-            return;
-        }
-        POP(v->state);
-        POP(v->vstack);
-        v->curstate = num_to_long(LAST_I(v->state));
-        if (v->debug) {
-            POP(v->tstack);
-            rb_funcall(v->parser, id_d_e_pop,
-                       3, v->state, v->tstack, v->vstack);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* shift/reduce error token */
-    if (act > 0 && act < v->shift_n) {
-        D_puts("e shift");
-        SHIFT(v, act, ERROR_TOKEN, val);
-    }
-    else if (act < 0 && act > -(v->reduce_n)) {
-        D_puts("e reduce");
-        REDUCE(v, act);
-    }
-    else if (act == v->shift_n) {
-        D_puts("e accept");
-        goto accept;
-    }
-    else {
-        rb_raise(RaccBug, "[Racc Bug] unknown act value %ld", act);
-    }
-    goto error_recovered;
-}
-
-static void
-shift(struct cparse_params *v, long act, VALUE tok, VALUE val)
-{
-    PUSH(v->vstack, val);
-    if (v->debug) {
-        PUSH(v->tstack, tok);
-        rb_funcall(v->parser, id_d_shift,
-                   3, tok, v->tstack, v->vstack);
-    }
-    v->curstate = act;
-    PUSH(v->state, LONG2NUM(v->curstate));
-}
-
-static int
-reduce(struct cparse_params *v, long act)
-{
-    VALUE code;
-    v->ruleno = -act * 3;
-    code = rb_catch("racc_jump", reduce0, v->value_v);
-    v->errstatus = num_to_long(rb_ivar_get(v->parser, id_errstatus));
-    return NUM2INT(code);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-reduce0(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(_, data))
-{
-    struct cparse_params *v = rb_check_typeddata(data, &cparse_params_type);
-    VALUE reduce_to, reduce_len, method_id;
-    long len;
-    ID mid;
-    VALUE tmp, tmp_t = Qundef, tmp_v = Qundef;
-    long i, k1, k2;
-    VALUE goto_state;
-
-    reduce_len = rb_ary_entry(v->reduce_table, v->ruleno);
-    reduce_to  = rb_ary_entry(v->reduce_table, v->ruleno+1);
-    method_id  = rb_ary_entry(v->reduce_table, v->ruleno+2);
-    len = NUM2LONG(reduce_len);
-    mid = value_to_id(method_id);
-
-    /* call action */
-    if (len == 0) {
-        tmp = Qnil;
-        if (mid != id_noreduce)
-            tmp_v = rb_ary_new();
-        if (v->debug)
-            tmp_t = rb_ary_new();
-    }
-    else {
-        if (mid != id_noreduce) {
-            tmp_v = GET_TAIL(v->vstack, len);
-            tmp = rb_ary_entry(tmp_v, 0);
-        }
-        else {
-            tmp = rb_ary_entry(v->vstack, RARRAY_LEN(v->vstack) - len);
-        }
-        CUT_TAIL(v->vstack, len);
-        if (v->debug) {
-            tmp_t = GET_TAIL(v->tstack, len);
-            CUT_TAIL(v->tstack, len);
-        }
-        CUT_TAIL(v->state, len);
-    }
-    if (mid != id_noreduce) {
-        if (v->use_result_var) {
-            tmp = rb_funcall(v->parser, mid,
-                             3, tmp_v, v->vstack, tmp);
-        }
-        else {
-            tmp = rb_funcall(v->parser, mid,
-                             2, tmp_v, v->vstack);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* then push result */
-    PUSH(v->vstack, tmp);
-    if (v->debug) {
-        PUSH(v->tstack, reduce_to);
-        rb_funcall(v->parser, id_d_reduce,
-                   4, tmp_t, reduce_to, v->tstack, v->vstack);
-    }
-
-    /* calculate transition state */
-    if (RARRAY_LEN(v->state) == 0)
-        rb_raise(RaccBug, "state stack unexpectedly empty");
-    k2 = num_to_long(LAST_I(v->state));
-    k1 = num_to_long(reduce_to) - v->nt_base;
-    D_printf("(goto) k1=%ld\n", k1);
-    D_printf("(goto) k2=%ld\n", k2);
-
-    tmp = AREF(v->goto_pointer, k1);
-    if (NIL_P(tmp)) goto notfound;
-
-    i = NUM2LONG(tmp) + k2;
-    D_printf("(goto) i=%ld\n", i);
-    if (i < 0) goto notfound;
-
-    goto_state = AREF(v->goto_table, i);
-    if (NIL_P(goto_state)) {
-        D_puts("(goto) table[i] == nil");
-        goto notfound;
-    }
-    D_printf("(goto) table[i]=%ld (goto_state)\n", NUM2LONG(goto_state));
-
-    tmp = AREF(v->goto_check, i);
-    if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
-        D_puts("(goto) check[i] == nil");
-        goto notfound;
-    }
-    if (tmp != LONG2NUM(k1)) {
-        D_puts("(goto) check[i] != table[i]");
-        goto notfound;
-    }
-    D_printf("(goto) check[i]=%ld\n", NUM2LONG(tmp));
-
-    D_puts("(goto) found");
-  transit:
-    PUSH(v->state, goto_state);
-    v->curstate = NUM2LONG(goto_state);
-    return INT2FIX(0);
-
-  notfound:
-    D_puts("(goto) not found: use default");
-    /* overwrite `goto-state' by default value */
-    goto_state = AREF(v->goto_default, k1);
-    goto transit;
-}
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-                          Ruby Interface
------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-
-void
-Init_cparse(void)
-{
-#ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE
-    rb_ext_ractor_safe(true);
-#endif
-
-    VALUE Racc, Parser;
-    ID id_racc = rb_intern_const("Racc");
-
-    if (rb_const_defined(rb_cObject, id_racc)) {
-        Racc = rb_const_get(rb_cObject, id_racc);
-        Parser = rb_const_get_at(Racc, rb_intern_const("Parser"));
-    }
-    else {
-        Racc = rb_define_module("Racc");
-        Parser = rb_define_class_under(Racc, "Parser", rb_cObject);
-    }
-    rb_define_private_method(Parser, "_racc_do_parse_c", racc_cparse, 2);
-    rb_define_private_method(Parser, "_racc_yyparse_c", racc_yyparse, 4);
-    rb_define_const(Parser, "Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_C",
-                    rb_str_new2(RACC_VERSION));
-    rb_define_const(Parser, "Racc_Runtime_Core_Id_C",
-        rb_str_new2("$originalId: cparse.c,v 1.8 2006/07/06 11:39:46 aamine Exp $"));
-
-    CparseParams = rb_define_class_under(Racc, "CparseParams", rb_cObject);
-    rb_undef_alloc_func(CparseParams);
-    rb_undef_method(CparseParams, "initialize");
-    rb_undef_method(CparseParams, "initialize_copy");
-
-    RaccBug = rb_eRuntimeError;
-
-    id_yydebug      = rb_intern_const("@yydebug");
-    id_nexttoken    = rb_intern_const("next_token");
-    id_onerror      = rb_intern_const("on_error");
-    id_noreduce     = rb_intern_const("_reduce_none");
-    id_errstatus    = rb_intern_const("@racc_error_status");
-
-    id_d_shift       = rb_intern_const("racc_shift");
-    id_d_reduce      = rb_intern_const("racc_reduce");
-    id_d_accept      = rb_intern_const("racc_accept");
-    id_d_read_token  = rb_intern_const("racc_read_token");
-    id_d_next_state  = rb_intern_const("racc_next_state");
-    id_d_e_pop       = rb_intern_const("racc_e_pop");
-}
diff --git a/ext/racc/cparse/depend b/ext/racc/cparse/depend
deleted file mode 100644
index 9dc509dc7c..0000000000
--- a/ext/racc/cparse/depend
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-# AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
-cparse.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
-cparse.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
-cparse.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
-cparse.o: cparse.c
-# AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/racc/cparse/extconf.rb b/ext/racc/cparse/extconf.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 18c5689ad8..0000000000
--- a/ext/racc/cparse/extconf.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#
-
-require 'mkmf'
-
-have_func('rb_block_call')
-have_func('rb_ary_subseq')
-
-create_makefile 'racc/cparse'
diff --git a/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend b/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend
index 5b65b83772..4e4ebd4ae5 100644
--- a/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend
+++ b/ext/rbconfig/sizeof/depend
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -125,7 +126,6 @@ limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 limits.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -225,6 +224,7 @@ sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -284,7 +284,6 @@ sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -315,7 +314,6 @@ sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 sizes.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/readline/.gitignore b/ext/readline/.gitignore
deleted file mode 100644
index 3d372989ae..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/.gitignore
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/readline-[1-9]*.*
diff --git a/ext/readline/README b/ext/readline/README
deleted file mode 100644
index 57c51b5f5d..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-The Readline module provides interface for GNU Readline.
-This module defines a number of methods to facilitate completion
-and accesses input history from the Ruby interpreter.
-This module supported Edit Line(libedit) too.
-libedit is compatible with GNU Readline.
-
-GNU Readline:: http://www.gnu.org/directory/readline.html
-libedit::      http://www.thrysoee.dk/editline/
-
-See RDoc for Readline module.
diff --git a/ext/readline/README.ja b/ext/readline/README.ja
deleted file mode 100644
index 57a6ee4126..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/README.ja
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,386 +0,0 @@
-GNU Readline によるコマンドライン入力インタフェースを提供するモジュール
-です。GNU Readline の互換ライブラリのひとつである Edit Line(libedit) も
-サポートしています。
-
-GNU Readline:: http://www.gnu.org/directory/readline.html
-libedit::      http://www.thrysoee.dk/editline/
-
-Readline.readline を使用してユーザからの入力を取得できます。このとき、
-GNU Readline のように入力の補完やEmacs のようなキー操作などができます。
-
-  require "readline"
-  while buf = Readline.readline("> ", true)
-    p buf
-  end
-
-ユーザが入力した内容を履歴(以下、ヒストリ)として記録することができます。
-定数 Readline::HISTORY を使用してヒストリにアクセスできます。
-
-  require "readline"
-  while buf = Readline.readline("> ", true)
-    p Readline::HISTORY.to_a
-    print("-> ", buf, "\n")
-  end
-
-使用するライブラリにより、いくつかのメソッドで例外 NotImplementedError
-が発生します。
-
-== Readline モジュール
-
-=== モジュール関数
-
-readline([prompt, [add_hist]]) -> String | nil
-
-  prompt を出力し、ユーザからのキー入力を待ちます。
-  エンターキーの押下などでユーザが文字列を入力し終えると、
-  入力した文字列を返します。
-  このとき、add_hist が true であれば、入力した文字列をヒストリに追加します。
-
-  何も入力していない状態で EOF(UNIX では ^D) を入力するなどで、
-  ユーザからの入力がない場合は nil を返します。
-
-  次の条件を全て満たす場合、例外 IOError が発生します。
-  1. 標準入力が tty でない。
-  2. 標準入力をクローズしている。(isatty(2) の errno が EBADF である。)
-
-  本メソッドはスレッドに対応しています。
-  入力待ち状態のときはスレッドコンテキストの切替えが発生します。
-
-  入力時には行内編集が可能で、vi モードと Emacs モードが用意されています。
-  デフォルトは Emacs モードです。
-
-  本メソッドには注意事項があります。
-  入力待ちの状態で ^C すると ruby インタプリタが終了し、端末状態を復帰しません。
-  これを回避するための例を3つ挙げます。
-
-  * ^CによるInterrupt例外を補足して、端末状態を復帰します:
-
-      require "readline"
-
-      stty_save = `stty -g`.chomp
-      begin
-        while buf = Readline.readline
-            p buf
-            end
-          rescue Interrupt
-            system("stty", stty_save)
-            exit
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-  * INTシグナルを補足して、端末状態を復帰します:
-
-      require "readline"
-
-      stty_save = `stty -g`.chomp
-      trap("INT") { system "stty", stty_save; exit }
-
-      while buf = Readline.readline
-        p buf
-      end
-
-  * 単に ^C を無視する方法もあります:
-
-      require "readline"
-
-      trap("INT", "SIG_IGN")
-
-      while buf = Readline.readline
-        p buf
-      end
-
-  入力履歴 Readline::HISTORY を使用して、空行や直前の入力と同じ内容は入力
-  履歴に残さないということもできます。
-
-    require "readline"
-
-    while buf = Readline.readline("> ", true)
-      # p Readline::HISTORY.to_a
-      Readline::HISTORY.pop if /^\s*$/ =~ buf
-
-      begin
-        if Readline::HISTORY[Readline::HISTORY.length-2] == buf
-          Readline::HISTORY.pop
-        end
-      rescue IndexError
-      end
-
-      # p Readline::HISTORY.to_a
-      print "-> ", buf, "\n"
-    end
-
-=== クラスメソッド
-
-Readline.input = input
-
-  Readline.readline メソッドで使用する入力用の File オブジェクト input
-  を指定します。
-
-Readline.output = output
-
-  Readline.readline メソッドで使用する出力用の File オブジェクト
-  output を指定します。
-
-Readline.completion_proc = proc
-
-  ユーザからの入力を補完する時の候補を取得する Proc オブジェクト proc を
-  指定します。proc は、次のものを想定しています。
-  1. call メソッドを持ちます。
-     call メソッドを持たない場合、例外 ArgumentError が発生します。
-  2. 引数にユーザからの入力文字列(注1)を取ります。
-  3. 候補の文字列の配列を返します。
-
-  注1:「/var/lib /v」の後で補完を行うと、
-  デフォルトでは proc の引数に「/v」が渡されます。
-  このように、ユーザが入力した文字列を
-  Readline.completer_word_break_characters に含まれる文字で区切ったも
-  のを単語とすると、カーソルがある単語の最初の文字から現在のカーソル位
-  置までの文字列が proc の引数に渡されます。
-
-Readline.completion_proc -> proc
-
-  ユーザからの入力を補完する時の候補を取得する Proc オブジェクト proc
-  を取得します。
-
-Readline.completion_case_fold = bool
-
-  ユーザの入力を補完する際、大文字と小文字を区別する／しないを指定します。
-  bool が真ならば区別しません。bool が偽ならば区別します。
-
-Readline.completion_case_fold -> bool
-
-  ユーザの入力を補完する際、大文字と小文字を区別する／しないを取得します。
-  bool が真ならば区別しません。bool が偽ならば区別します。
-
-  なお、Readline.completion_case_fold= メソッドで指定したオブジェクトを
-  そのまま取得するので、次のような動作をします。
-
-    require "readline"
-
-    Readline.completion_case_fold = "This is a String."
-    p Readline.completion_case_fold # => "This is a String."
-
-Readline.line_buffer -> string
-
-  入力中の行全体を返します。complete_proc の中で使用することを想定し
-  ています。Readline.line_buffer の長さは GNU Readline の rl_end 変数の
-  値と一致します。
-
-Readline.point -> int
-
-  現在のカーソルの位置を返します。
-  Readline モジュールは補完対象の単語の開始位置の情報を提供していません。
-  しかしながら、 completion_proc の中で入力した単語 text と
-  Readline.point を使用することで開始位置を導くことができます。
-
-    開始位置 = 入力した単語の長さ - Readline.point
-
-Readline.vi_editing_mode -> nil
-
-  編集モードを vi モードにします。
-  vi モードの詳細は、GNU Readline のマニュアルを参照してください。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.vi_editing_mode? -> bool
-
-  編集モードが vi モードの場合、true を返します。そうでなければ false
-  を返します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.emacs_editing_mode -> nil
-
-  編集モードを Emacs モードにします。
-  デフォルトは Emacs モードです。
-  Emacs モードの詳細は、GNU Readline のマニュアルを参照してください。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.emacs_editing_mode? -> bool
-
-  編集モードが Emacs モードの場合、true を返します。そうでなければ false
-  を返します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.completion_append_character = char
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完が完了した場合に、最後に付加する文字 char を指定し
-  ます。半角スペース「" "」などの単語を区切る文字を指定すれば、連続して
-  入力する際に便利です。
-
-  使用例:
-
-    require "readline"
-
-    Readline.readline("> ", true)
-    Readline.completion_append_character = " "
-
-  実行例:
-
-    >
-    ここで "/var/li" を入力します。
-
-    > /var/li
-    ここで TAB キーを入力します。
-
-    > /var/lib
-    "b" が補完され、最後に " " が追加されるので、"/usr" を連続して入力できます。
-
-    > /var/lib /usr
-
-  なお、1文字しか指定することはできません。
-  例えば、"string"を指定した場合は最初の文字である"s"だけを使用します。
-
-    require "readline"
-
-    Readline.completion_append_character = "string"
-    p Readline.completion_append_character # => "s"
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.completion_append_character -> char
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完が完了した場合に、最後に付加する文字を取得します。
-  デフォルトは空白 (" ") です。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.basic_word_break_characters = string
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完を行う際、単語の区切りを示す複数の文字で構成される
-  文字列 string を指定します。
-
-  GNU Readline のデフォルトの値は、Bash の補完処理で使用している文字列
-  " \t\n\"\\'`@$><=;|&{(" (スペースを含む) になっています。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.basic_word_break_characters -> string
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完を行う際、単語の区切りを示す複数の文字で構成される
-  文字列を取得します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.completer_word_break_characters = string
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完を行う際、単語の区切りを示す複数の文字で構成される
-  文字列 string を指定します。
-  Readline.basic_word_break_characters= との違いは、
-  GNU Readline の rl_complete_internal 関数で使用されることです。
-
-  GNU Readline のデフォルトの値は、
-  Readline.basic_word_break_characters と同じです。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.completer_word_break_characters -> string
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完を行う際、単語の区切りを示す複数の文字で構成された
-  文字列を取得します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.basic_quote_characters = string
-
-  スペースなどの単語の区切りをクオートするための複数の文字で構成される
-  文字列 string を指定します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.basic_quote_characters -> string
-
-  スペースなどの単語の区切りをクオートするための複数の文字で構成される
-  文字列を取得します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.completer_quote_characters = string
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完を行う際、スペースなどの単語の区切りを
-  クオートするための複数の文字で構成される文字列 string を指定します。
-  指定した文字の間では、Readline.completer_word_break_characters=
-  で指定した文字列に含まれる文字も、普通の文字列として扱われます。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.completer_quote_characters -> string
-
-  ユーザの入力の補完を行う際、スペースなどの単語の区切りを
-  クオートするための複数の文字で構成される文字列を取得します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.filename_quote_characters = string
-
-  ユーザの入力時にファイル名の補完を行う際、スペースなどの単語の区切りを
-  クオートするための複数の文字で構成される文字列 string を指定します。
-
-  GNU Readline のデフォルト値は nil です。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-Readline.filename_quote_characters -> string
-
-  ユーザの入力時にファイル名の補完を行う際、スペースなどの単語の区切りを
-  クオートするための複数の文字で構成される文字列を取得します。
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、例外 NotImplementedError が発生します。
-
-=== クラス定数
-
-HISTORY
-
-  定数 HISTORY を使用してヒストリにアクセスできます。
-  Enumerable モジュールを extend しており、
-  配列のように振る舞うことができます。
-  例えば、HISTORY[4] により 5 番目に入力した内容を取り出すことができます。
-
-    require "readline"
-
-    Readline::HISTORY.push("a", "b", "c", "d", "e")
-    p Readline::HISTORY[4] # => "e"
-
-  実装しているメソッドを次に挙げます。
-  * HISTORY.to_s -> "HISTORY"
-  * HISTORY[index] -> string
-  * HISTORY[index] = string
-  * HISTORY.push(string[, string, ...]) -> self
-  * HISTORY << string -> self
-  * HISTORY.pop -> string
-  * HISTORY.shift -> string
-  * HISTORY.each -> Enumerator
-  * HISTORY.each { |i| } -> [string]
-  * HISTORY.length -> Integer
-  * HISTORY.empty? -> true or false
-  * HISTORY.delete_at(index) -> string
-  * HISTORY.clear -> self
-
-  サポートしていない環境では、次のメソッドで例外 NotImplementedError が
-  発生します。
-  * HISTORY[index] = string
-  * HISTORY.pop -> string
-  * HISTORY.shift -> string
-  * HISTORY.delete_at(index) -> string
-  * HISTORY.clear -> self
-
-FILENAME_COMPLETION_PROC
-
-  ファイル名の補完を行う call メソッドを持つオブジェクトです。
-
-  Readline.completion_proc= により、ユーザの入力時にファイル名の補完を
-  行うように設定するために使用することを想定してます。
-
-USERNAME_COMPLETION_PROC
-
-  ユーザ名の補完を行う call メソッドを持つオブジェクトです。
-
-  Readline.completion_proc= により、ユーザの入力時にユーザ名の補完を行
-  うように設定するために使用することを想定してます。
-
-VERSION
-
-  使用している GNU Readline または libedit のバージョンです。
diff --git a/ext/readline/depend b/ext/readline/depend
deleted file mode 100644
index c62309622a..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/depend
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-# AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
-readline.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
-readline.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/encoding.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/coderange.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/ctype.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/pathname.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/re.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/sprintf.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/symbol.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/transcode.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/io.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/onigmo.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
-readline.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
-readline.o: readline.c
-# AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/readline/depend-gem b/ext/readline/depend-gem
deleted file mode 100644
index df01bd2a86..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/depend-gem
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
-readline.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
-readline.o: readline.c
-# AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/readline/extconf.rb b/ext/readline/extconf.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d3e7872e65..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/extconf.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-require "mkmf"
-
-readline = Struct.new(:headers, :extra_check).new(["stdio.h"])
-
-def readline.have_header(header)
-  if super(header, &extra_check)
-    headers.push(header)
-    return true
-  else
-    return false
-  end
-end
-
-def readline.have_var(var)
-  return super(var, headers)
-end
-
-def readline.have_func(func)
-  return super(func, headers)
-end
-
-def readline.have_type(type)
-  return super(type, headers)
-end
-
-dir_config('curses')
-dir_config('ncurses')
-dir_config('termcap')
-dir_config("readline")
-enable_libedit = enable_config("libedit")
-
-have_library("user32", nil) if /cygwin/ === RUBY_PLATFORM
-have_library("ncurses", "tgetnum") ||
-  have_library("termcap", "tgetnum") ||
-  have_library("curses", "tgetnum")
-
-case enable_libedit
-when true
-  # --enable-libedit
-  dir_config("libedit")
-  unless (readline.have_header("editline/readline.h") ||
-          readline.have_header("readline/readline.h")) &&
-          have_library("edit", "readline")
-    raise "libedit not found"
-  end
-when false
-  # --disable-libedit
-  unless ((readline.have_header("readline/readline.h") &&
-           readline.have_header("readline/history.h")) &&
-           have_library("readline", "readline"))
-    raise "readline not found"
-  end
-else
-  # does not specify
-  unless ((readline.have_header("readline/readline.h") &&
-           readline.have_header("readline/history.h")) &&
-           (have_library("readline", "readline") ||
-            have_library("edit", "readline"))) ||
-            (readline.have_header("editline/readline.h") &&
-             have_library("edit", "readline"))
-    raise "Neither readline nor libedit was found"
-  end
-end
-
-readline.have_func("rl_getc")
-readline.have_func("rl_getc_function")
-readline.have_func("rl_filename_completion_function")
-readline.have_func("rl_username_completion_function")
-readline.have_func("rl_completion_matches")
-readline.have_func("rl_refresh_line")
-readline.have_var("rl_deprep_term_function")
-readline.have_var("rl_completion_append_character")
-readline.have_var("rl_completion_quote_character")
-readline.have_var("rl_basic_word_break_characters")
-readline.have_var("rl_completer_word_break_characters")
-readline.have_var("rl_basic_quote_characters")
-readline.have_var("rl_completer_quote_characters")
-readline.have_var("rl_filename_quote_characters")
-readline.have_var("rl_attempted_completion_over")
-readline.have_var("rl_library_version")
-readline.have_var("rl_editing_mode")
-readline.have_var("rl_line_buffer")
-readline.have_var("rl_point")
-readline.have_var("rl_char_is_quoted_p")
-# workaround for native windows.
-/mswin|bccwin/ !~ RUBY_PLATFORM && readline.have_var("rl_event_hook")
-/mswin|bccwin/ !~ RUBY_PLATFORM && readline.have_var("rl_catch_sigwinch")
-/mswin|bccwin/ !~ RUBY_PLATFORM && readline.have_var("rl_catch_signals")
-readline.have_var("rl_pre_input_hook")
-readline.have_var("rl_special_prefixes")
-readline.have_func("rl_cleanup_after_signal")
-readline.have_func("rl_free_line_state")
-readline.have_func("rl_clear_signals")
-readline.have_func("rl_set_screen_size")
-readline.have_func("rl_get_screen_size")
-readline.have_func("rl_vi_editing_mode")
-readline.have_func("rl_emacs_editing_mode")
-readline.have_func("replace_history_entry")
-readline.have_func("remove_history")
-readline.have_func("clear_history")
-readline.have_func("rl_redisplay")
-readline.have_func("rl_insert_text")
-readline.have_func("rl_delete_text")
-unless readline.have_type("rl_hook_func_t*")
-  # rl_hook_func_t is available since readline-4.2 (2001).
-  # Function is removed at readline-6.3 (2014).
-  # However, editline (NetBSD 6.1.3, 2014) doesn't have rl_hook_func_t.
-  $defs << "-Drl_hook_func_t=Function"
-end
-
-create_makefile("readline")
diff --git a/ext/readline/readline-ext.gemspec b/ext/readline/readline-ext.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c6f70ba91..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/readline-ext.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "readline-ext"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.4"
-  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
-  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{Provides an interface for GNU Readline and Edit Line (libedit).}
-  spec.description   = %q{Provides an interface for GNU Readline and Edit Line (libedit).}
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/readline-ext"
-  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-  spec.extensions    = %w[ext/readline/extconf.rb]
-
-  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
-  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
-
-  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
-  end
-  spec.bindir        = "exe"
-  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-end
diff --git a/ext/readline/readline.c b/ext/readline/readline.c
deleted file mode 100644
index fc254ce315..0000000000
--- a/ext/readline/readline.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2144 +0,0 @@
-/************************************************
-
-  readline.c - GNU Readline module
-
-  $Author$
-  created at: Wed Jan 20 13:59:32 JST 1999
-
-  Copyright (C) 1997-2008  Shugo Maeda
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2013  Kouji Takao
-
-  $Id$
-
-  Contact:
-   - Kouji Takao <kouji dot takao at gmail dot com> (current maintainer)
-
-************************************************/
-
-#ifdef RUBY_EXTCONF_H
-#include RUBY_EXTCONF_H
-#endif
-
-#include "ruby/config.h"
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#ifdef HAVE_READLINE_READLINE_H
-#include <readline/readline.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_READLINE_HISTORY_H
-#include <readline/history.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_EDITLINE_READLINE_H
-#include <editline/readline.h>
-#endif
-
-#include "ruby/io.h"
-#include "ruby/thread.h"
-
-#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
-#include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#endif
-
-static VALUE mReadline;
-
-#define EDIT_LINE_LIBRARY_VERSION "EditLine wrapper"
-#ifndef USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE
-# if !defined(HAVE_EDITLINE_READLINE_H) && defined(RL_PROMPT_START_IGNORE) && defined(RL_PROMPT_END_IGNORE)
-#  define USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE 1
-# else
-#  define USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE 0
-# endif
-#endif
-
-#define COMPLETION_PROC "completion_proc"
-#define COMPLETION_CASE_FOLD "completion_case_fold"
-static ID id_call, completion_proc, completion_case_fold;
-#if defined HAVE_RL_CHAR_IS_QUOTED_P
-#define QUOTING_DETECTION_PROC "quoting_detection_proc"
-static ID quoting_detection_proc;
-#endif
-#if USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE
-static ID id_orig_prompt, id_last_prompt;
-#endif
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK)
-static ID id_pre_input_hook;
-#endif
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_SPECIAL_PREFIXES)
-static ID id_special_prefixes;
-#endif
-
-#ifndef HAVE_RL_FILENAME_COMPLETION_FUNCTION
-# define rl_filename_completion_function filename_completion_function
-#endif
-#ifndef HAVE_RL_USERNAME_COMPLETION_FUNCTION
-# define rl_username_completion_function username_completion_function
-#else
-RUBY_EXTERN char *rl_username_completion_function(const char *, int);
-#endif
-#ifndef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_MATCHES
-# define rl_completion_matches completion_matches
-#endif
-
-static int (*history_get_offset_func)(int);
-static int (*history_replace_offset_func)(int);
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER
-static int readline_completion_append_character;
-#endif
-
-static char **readline_attempted_completion_function(const char *text,
-                                                     int start, int end);
-
-#define OutputStringValue(str) do {\
-    StringValueCStr(str);\
-    (str) = rb_str_conv_enc((str), rb_enc_get(str), rb_locale_encoding());\
-} while (0)\
-
-
-/*
- * Document-class: Readline
- *
- * The Readline module provides interface for GNU Readline.
- * This module defines a number of methods to facilitate completion
- * and accesses input history from the Ruby interpreter.
- * This module supported Edit Line(libedit) too.
- * libedit is compatible with GNU Readline.
- *
- * GNU Readline:: http://www.gnu.org/directory/readline.html
- * libedit::      http://www.thrysoee.dk/editline/
- *
- * Reads one inputted line with line edit by Readline.readline method.
- * At this time, the facilitatation completion and the key
- * bind like Emacs can be operated like GNU Readline.
- *
- *   require "readline"
- *   while buf = Readline.readline("> ", true)
- *     p buf
- *   end
- *
- * The content that the user input can be recorded to the history.
- * The history can be accessed by Readline::HISTORY constant.
- *
- *   require "readline"
- *   while buf = Readline.readline("> ", true)
- *     p Readline::HISTORY.to_a
- *     print("-> ", buf, "\n")
- *   end
- *
- * Documented by Kouji Takao <kouji dot takao at gmail dot com>.
- */
-
-static VALUE readline_instream;
-static VALUE readline_outstream;
-static FILE *readline_rl_instream;
-static FILE *readline_rl_outstream;
-
-static void
-mustbe_callable(VALUE proc)
-{
-    if (!NIL_P(proc) && !rb_respond_to(proc, id_call))
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "argument must respond to `call'");
-}
-
-#if defined HAVE_RL_GETC_FUNCTION
-
-#ifndef HAVE_RL_GETC
-#define rl_getc(f) EOF
-#endif
-
-struct getc_struct {
-  FILE *input;
-  int fd;
-  int ret;
-  int err;
-};
-
-static int
-getc_body(struct getc_struct *p)
-{
-    char ch;
-    ssize_t ss;
-
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-    {
-        INPUT_RECORD ir;
-        DWORD n;
-        static int prior_key = '0';
-        for (;;) {
-            HANDLE h;
-            if (prior_key > 0xff) {
-                prior_key = rl_getc(p->input);
-                return prior_key;
-            }
-            h = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(p->fd);
-            if (PeekConsoleInput(h, &ir, 1, &n)) {
-                if (n == 1) {
-                    if (ir.EventType == KEY_EVENT && ir.Event.KeyEvent.bKeyDown) {
-                        prior_key = rl_getc(p->input);
-                        return prior_key;
-                    } else {
-                        ReadConsoleInput(h, &ir, 1, &n);
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    rb_w32_wait_events_blocking(&h, 1, INFINITE);
-                }
-            } else {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-    ss = read(p->fd, &ch, 1);
-    if (ss == 0) {
-        errno = 0;
-        return EOF;
-    }
-    if (ss != 1)
-        return EOF;
-    return (unsigned char)ch;
-}
-
-static void *
-getc_func(void *data1)
-{
-    struct getc_struct *p = data1;
-    errno = 0;
-    p->ret = getc_body(p);
-    p->err = errno;
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-static int
-readline_getc(FILE *input)
-{
-    struct getc_struct data;
-    if (input == NULL) /* editline may give NULL as input. */
-        input = stdin;
-    data.input = input;
-    data.fd = fileno(input);
-  again:
-    data.ret = EOF;
-    data.err = EINTR; /* getc_func is not called if already interrupted. */
-    rb_thread_call_without_gvl2(getc_func, &data, RUBY_UBF_IO, NULL);
-    if (data.ret == EOF) {
-        if (data.err == 0) {
-            return EOF;
-        }
-        if (data.err == EINTR) {
-            rb_thread_check_ints();
-            goto again;
-        }
-        if (data.err == EWOULDBLOCK || data.err == EAGAIN) {
-            int ret;
-            if (fileno(input) != data.fd)
-                rb_bug("readline_getc: input closed unexpectedly or memory corrupted");
-            ret = rb_wait_for_single_fd(data.fd, RB_WAITFD_IN, NULL);
-            if (ret != -1 || errno == EINTR)
-                goto again;
-            rb_sys_fail("rb_wait_for_single_fd");
-        }
-        rb_syserr_fail(data.err, "read");
-    }
-    return data.ret;
-}
-
-#elif defined HAVE_RL_EVENT_HOOK
-#define BUSY_WAIT 0
-
-static int readline_event(void);
-static int
-readline_event(void)
-{
-#if BUSY_WAIT
-    rb_thread_schedule();
-#else
-    rb_wait_for_single_fd(fileno(rl_instream), RB_WAITFD_IN, NULL);
-    return 0;
-#endif
-}
-#endif
-
-#if USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE
-static VALUE
-insert_ignore_escape(VALUE self, VALUE prompt)
-{
-    VALUE last_prompt, orig_prompt = rb_attr_get(self, id_orig_prompt);
-    int ignoring = 0;
-    const char *s0, *s, *e;
-    long len;
-    static const char ignore_code[2] = {RL_PROMPT_START_IGNORE, RL_PROMPT_END_IGNORE};
-
-    prompt = rb_str_new_shared(prompt);
-    last_prompt = rb_attr_get(self, id_last_prompt);
-    if (orig_prompt == prompt) return last_prompt;
-    len = RSTRING_LEN(prompt);
-    if (NIL_P(last_prompt)) {
-        last_prompt = rb_str_tmp_new(len);
-    }
-
-    s = s0 = RSTRING_PTR(prompt);
-    e = s0 + len;
-    rb_str_set_len(last_prompt, 0);
-    while (s < e && *s) {
-        switch (*s) {
-          case RL_PROMPT_START_IGNORE:
-            ignoring = -1;
-            rb_str_cat(last_prompt, s0, ++s - s0);
-            s0 = s;
-            break;
-          case RL_PROMPT_END_IGNORE:
-            ignoring = 0;
-            rb_str_cat(last_prompt, s0, ++s - s0);
-            s0 = s;
-            break;
-          case '\033':
-            if (++s < e && *s == '[') {
-                rb_str_cat(last_prompt, s0, s - s0 - 1);
-                s0 = s - 1;
-                while (++s < e && *s) {
-                    if (ISALPHA(*(unsigned char *)s)) {
-                        if (!ignoring) {
-                            ignoring = 1;
-                            rb_str_cat(last_prompt, ignore_code+0, 1);
-                        }
-                        rb_str_cat(last_prompt, s0, ++s - s0);
-                        s0 = s;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    else if (!(('0' <= *s && *s <= '9') || *s == ';')) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            break;
-          default:
-            if (ignoring > 0) {
-                ignoring = 0;
-                rb_str_cat(last_prompt, ignore_code+1, 1);
-            }
-            s++;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-    if (ignoring > 0) {
-        ignoring = 0;
-        rb_str_cat(last_prompt, ignore_code+1, 1);
-    }
-    rb_str_cat(last_prompt, s0, s - s0);
-
-    rb_ivar_set(self, id_orig_prompt, prompt);
-    rb_ivar_set(self, id_last_prompt, last_prompt);
-
-    return last_prompt;
-}
-#endif
-
-static VALUE
-readline_get(VALUE prompt)
-{
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER
-    readline_completion_append_character = rl_completion_append_character;
-#endif
-    return (VALUE)readline((char *)prompt);
-}
-
-static void
-clear_rl_instream(void)
-{
-    if (readline_rl_instream) {
-        fclose(readline_rl_instream);
-        if (rl_instream == readline_rl_instream)
-            rl_instream = NULL;
-        readline_rl_instream = NULL;
-    }
-    readline_instream = Qfalse;
-}
-
-static void
-clear_rl_outstream(void)
-{
-    if (readline_rl_outstream) {
-        fclose(readline_rl_outstream);
-        if (rl_outstream == readline_rl_outstream)
-            rl_outstream = NULL;
-        readline_rl_outstream = NULL;
-    }
-    readline_outstream = Qfalse;
-}
-
-static void
-prepare_readline(void)
-{
-    static int initialized = 0;
-    if (!initialized) {
-        rl_initialize();
-        initialized = 1;
-    }
-
-    if (readline_instream) {
-        rb_io_t *ifp;
-        rb_io_check_initialized(ifp = RFILE(rb_io_taint_check(readline_instream))->fptr);
-        if (ifp->fd < 0) {
-            clear_rl_instream();
-            rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "closed readline input");
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (readline_outstream) {
-        rb_io_t *ofp;
-        rb_io_check_initialized(ofp = RFILE(rb_io_taint_check(readline_outstream))->fptr);
-        if (ofp->fd < 0) {
-            clear_rl_outstream();
-            rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "closed readline output");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.readline(prompt = "", add_hist = false) -> string or nil
- *
- * Shows the +prompt+ and reads the inputted line with line editing.
- * The inputted line is added to the history if +add_hist+ is true.
- *
- * Returns nil when the inputted line is empty and user inputs EOF
- * (Presses ^D on UNIX).
- *
- * Raises IOError exception if one of below conditions are satisfied.
- * 1. stdin was closed.
- * 2. stdout was closed.
- *
- * This method supports thread. Switches the thread context when waits
- * inputting line.
- *
- * Supports line edit when inputs line. Provides VI and Emacs editing mode.
- * Default is Emacs editing mode.
- *
- * NOTE: Terminates ruby interpreter and does not return the terminal
- * status after user pressed '^C' when wait inputting line.
- * Give 3 examples that avoid it.
- *
- * * Catches the Interrupt exception by pressed ^C after returns
- *   terminal status:
- *
- *     require "readline"
- *
- *     stty_save = `stty -g`.chomp
- *     begin
- *       while buf = Readline.readline
- *           p buf
- *           end
- *         rescue Interrupt
- *           system("stty", stty_save)
- *           exit
- *         end
- *       end
- *     end
- *
- * * Catches the INT signal by pressed ^C after returns terminal
- *   status:
- *
- *     require "readline"
- *
- *     stty_save = `stty -g`.chomp
- *     trap("INT") { system "stty", stty_save; exit }
- *
- *     while buf = Readline.readline
- *       p buf
- *     end
- *
- * * Ignores pressing ^C:
- *
- *     require "readline"
- *
- *     trap("INT", "SIG_IGN")
- *
- *     while buf = Readline.readline
- *       p buf
- *     end
- *
- * Can make as follows with Readline::HISTORY constant.
- * It does not record to the history if the inputted line is empty or
- * the same it as last one.
- *
- *   require "readline"
- *
- *   while buf = Readline.readline("> ", true)
- *     # p Readline::HISTORY.to_a
- *     Readline::HISTORY.pop if /^\s*$/ =~ buf
- *
- *     begin
- *       if Readline::HISTORY[Readline::HISTORY.length-2] == buf
- *         Readline::HISTORY.pop
- *       end
- *     rescue IndexError
- *     end
- *
- *     # p Readline::HISTORY.to_a
- *     print "-> ", buf, "\n"
- *   end
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_readline(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    VALUE tmp, add_hist, result;
-    char *prompt = NULL;
-    char *buff;
-    int status;
-
-    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &tmp, &add_hist) > 0) {
-        OutputStringValue(tmp);
-#if USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE
-        tmp = insert_ignore_escape(self, tmp);
-        rb_str_locktmp(tmp);
-#endif
-        prompt = RSTRING_PTR(tmp);
-    }
-
-    prepare_readline();
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-    rl_prep_terminal(1);
-#endif
-    buff = (char*)rb_protect(readline_get, (VALUE)prompt, &status);
-#if USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE
-    if (prompt) {
-        rb_str_unlocktmp(tmp);
-    }
-#endif
-    if (status) {
-#if defined HAVE_RL_CLEANUP_AFTER_SIGNAL
-        /* restore terminal mode and signal handler*/
-#if defined HAVE_RL_FREE_LINE_STATE
-        rl_free_line_state();
-#endif
-        rl_cleanup_after_signal();
-#elif defined HAVE_RL_DEPREP_TERM_FUNCTION
-        /* restore terminal mode */
-        if (rl_deprep_term_function != NULL) /* NULL in libedit. [ruby-dev:29116] */
-            (*rl_deprep_term_function)();
-        else
-#else
-        rl_deprep_terminal();
-#endif
-        rb_jump_tag(status);
-    }
-
-    if (RTEST(add_hist) && buff) {
-        add_history(buff);
-    }
-    if (buff) {
-        result = rb_locale_str_new_cstr(buff);
-    }
-    else
-        result = Qnil;
-    if (buff) free(buff);
-    return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.input = input
- *
- * Specifies a File object +input+ that is input stream for
- * Readline.readline method.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_input(VALUE self, VALUE input)
-{
-    rb_io_t *ifp;
-    int fd;
-    FILE *f;
-
-    if (NIL_P(input)) {
-        clear_rl_instream();
-    }
-    else {
-        Check_Type(input, T_FILE);
-        GetOpenFile(input, ifp);
-        clear_rl_instream();
-        fd = rb_cloexec_dup(ifp->fd);
-        if (fd == -1)
-            rb_sys_fail("dup");
-        f = fdopen(fd, "r");
-        if (f == NULL) {
-            int save_errno = errno;
-            close(fd);
-            rb_syserr_fail(save_errno, "fdopen");
-        }
-        rl_instream = readline_rl_instream = f;
-        readline_instream = input;
-    }
-    return input;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.output = output
- *
- * Specifies a File object +output+ that is output stream for
- * Readline.readline method.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_output(VALUE self, VALUE output)
-{
-    rb_io_t *ofp;
-    int fd;
-    FILE *f;
-
-    if (NIL_P(output)) {
-        clear_rl_outstream();
-    }
-    else {
-        Check_Type(output, T_FILE);
-        GetOpenFile(output, ofp);
-        clear_rl_outstream();
-        fd = rb_cloexec_dup(ofp->fd);
-        if (fd == -1)
-            rb_sys_fail("dup");
-        f = fdopen(fd, "w");
-        if (f == NULL) {
-            int save_errno = errno;
-            close(fd);
-            rb_syserr_fail(save_errno, "fdopen");
-        }
-        rl_outstream = readline_rl_outstream = f;
-        readline_outstream = output;
-    }
-    return output;
-}
-
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK)
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.pre_input_hook = proc
- *
- * Specifies a Proc object +proc+ to call after the first prompt has
- * been printed and just before readline starts reading input
- * characters.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_pre_input_hook variable.
- *
- * Raises ArgumentError if +proc+ does not respond to the call method.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_pre_input_hook(VALUE self, VALUE proc)
-{
-    mustbe_callable(proc);
-    return rb_ivar_set(mReadline, id_pre_input_hook, proc);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.pre_input_hook -> proc
- *
- * Returns a Proc object +proc+ to call after the first prompt has
- * been printed and just before readline starts reading input
- * characters. The default is nil.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_pre_input_hook(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rb_attr_get(mReadline, id_pre_input_hook);
-}
-
-static int
-readline_pre_input_hook(void)
-{
-    VALUE proc;
-
-    proc = rb_attr_get(mReadline, id_pre_input_hook);
-    if (!NIL_P(proc))
-        rb_funcall(proc, id_call, 0);
-    return 0;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_pre_input_hook rb_f_notimplement
-#define readline_s_get_pre_input_hook rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_INSERT_TEXT)
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.insert_text(string) -> self
- *
- * Insert text into the line at the current cursor position.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_insert_text function.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_insert_text(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    rl_insert_text(RSTRING_PTR(str));
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_insert_text rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_DELETE_TEXT)
-RUBY_EXTERN int rl_delete_text(int, int);
-static const char *
-str_subpos(const char *ptr, const char *end, long beg, long *sublen, rb_encoding *enc)
-{
-    VALUE str = rb_enc_str_new_static(ptr, end-ptr, enc);
-    OBJ_FREEZE(str);
-    ptr = rb_str_subpos(str, beg, sublen);
-    return ptr;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.delete_text([start[, length]]) -> self
- *   Readline.delete_text(start..end)        -> self
- *   Readline.delete_text()                  -> self
- *
- * Delete text between start and end in the current line.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_delete_text function.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_delete_text(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 2);
-    if (rl_line_buffer) {
-        const char *p, *ptr = rl_line_buffer;
-        long beg = 0, len = strlen(ptr);
-        const char *end = ptr + len;
-        rb_encoding *enc = rb_locale_encoding();
-        if (argc == 2) {
-            beg = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
-            len = NUM2LONG(argv[1]);
-          num_pos:
-            p = str_subpos(ptr, end, beg, &len, enc);
-            if (!p) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid index");
-            beg = p - ptr;
-        }
-        else if (argc == 1) {
-            len = rb_enc_strlen(ptr, ptr + len, enc);
-            if (!rb_range_beg_len(argv[0], &beg, &len, len, 1)) {
-                beg = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
-                goto num_pos;
-            }
-        }
-        rl_delete_text(rb_long2int(beg), rb_long2int(beg + len));
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_delete_text rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_REDISPLAY)
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.redisplay -> self
- *
- * Change what's displayed on the screen to reflect the current
- * contents.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_redisplay function.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_redisplay(VALUE self)
-{
-    rl_redisplay();
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_redisplay rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_proc = proc
- *
- * Specifies a Proc object +proc+ to determine completion behavior.  It
- * should take input string and return an array of completion candidates.
- *
- * The default completion is used if +proc+ is nil.
- *
- * The String that is passed to the Proc depends on the
- * Readline.completer_word_break_characters property.  By default the word
- * under the cursor is passed to the Proc.  For example, if the input is "foo
- * bar" then only "bar" would be passed to the completion Proc.
- *
- * Upon successful completion the Readline.completion_append_character will be
- * appended to the input so the user can start working on their next argument.
- *
- * = Examples
- *
- * == Completion for a Static List
- *
- *   require 'readline'
- *
- *   LIST = [
- *     'search', 'download', 'open',
- *     'help', 'history', 'quit',
- *     'url', 'next', 'clear',
- *     'prev', 'past'
- *   ].sort
- *
- *   comp = proc { |s| LIST.grep(/^#{Regexp.escape(s)}/) }
- *
- *   Readline.completion_append_character = " "
- *   Readline.completion_proc = comp
- *
- *   while line = Readline.readline('> ', true)
- *     p line
- *   end
- *
- * == Completion For Directory Contents
- *
- *   require 'readline'
- *
- *   Readline.completion_append_character = " "
- *   Readline.completion_proc = Proc.new do |str|
- *     Dir[str+'*'].grep(/^#{Regexp.escape(str)}/)
- *   end
- *
- *   while line = Readline.readline('> ', true)
- *     p line
- *   end
- *
- * = Autocomplete strategies
- *
- * When working with auto-complete there are some strategies that work well.
- * To get some ideas you can take a look at the
- * completion.rb[https://git.ruby-lang.org/ruby.git/tree/lib/irb/completion.rb]
- * file for irb.
- *
- * The common strategy is to take a list of possible completions and filter it
- * down to those completions that start with the user input.  In the above
- * examples Enumerator.grep is used.  The input is escaped to prevent Regexp
- * special characters from interfering with the matching.
- *
- * It may also be helpful to use the Abbrev library to generate completions.
- *
- * Raises ArgumentError if +proc+ does not respond to the call method.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_completion_proc(VALUE self, VALUE proc)
-{
-    mustbe_callable(proc);
-    return rb_ivar_set(mReadline, completion_proc, proc);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_proc -> proc
- *
- * Returns the completion Proc object.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_completion_proc(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rb_attr_get(mReadline, completion_proc);
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_CHAR_IS_QUOTED_P
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.quoting_detection_proc = proc
- *
- * Specifies a Proc object +proc+ to determine if a character in the user's
- * input is escaped. It should take the user's input and the index of the
- * character in question as input, and return a boolean (true if the specified
- * character is escaped).
- *
- * Readline will only call this proc with characters specified in
- * +completer_quote_characters+, to discover if they indicate the end of a
- * quoted argument, or characters specified in
- * +completer_word_break_characters+, to discover if they indicate a break
- * between arguments.
- *
- * If +completer_quote_characters+ is not set, or if the user input doesn't
- * contain one of the +completer_quote_characters+ or a +\+ character,
- * Readline will not attempt to use this proc at all.
- *
- * Raises ArgumentError if +proc+ does not respond to the call method.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_quoting_detection_proc(VALUE self, VALUE proc)
-{
-    mustbe_callable(proc);
-    return rb_ivar_set(mReadline, quoting_detection_proc, proc);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.quoting_detection_proc -> proc
- *
- * Returns the quoting detection Proc object.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_quoting_detection_proc(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rb_attr_get(mReadline, quoting_detection_proc);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_quoting_detection_proc rb_f_notimplement
-#define readline_s_get_quoting_detection_proc rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_case_fold = bool
- *
- * Sets whether or not to ignore case on completion.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_completion_case_fold(VALUE self, VALUE val)
-{
-    return rb_ivar_set(mReadline, completion_case_fold, val);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_case_fold -> bool
- *
- * Returns true if completion ignores case. If no, returns false.
- *
- * NOTE: Returns the same object that is specified by
- * Readline.completion_case_fold= method.
- *
- *   require "readline"
- *
- *   Readline.completion_case_fold = "This is a String."
- *   p Readline.completion_case_fold # => "This is a String."
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_completion_case_fold(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rb_attr_get(mReadline, completion_case_fold);
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_LINE_BUFFER
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.line_buffer -> string
- *
- * Returns the full line that is being edited. This is useful from
- * within the complete_proc for determining the context of the
- * completion request.
- *
- * The length of +Readline.line_buffer+ and GNU Readline's rl_end are
- * same.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_line_buffer(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rl_line_buffer == NULL)
-        return Qnil;
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rl_line_buffer);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_line_buffer rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_POINT
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.point -> int
- *
- * Returns the index of the current cursor position in
- * +Readline.line_buffer+.
- *
- * The index in +Readline.line_buffer+ which matches the start of
- * input-string passed to completion_proc is computed by subtracting
- * the length of input-string from +Readline.point+.
- *
- *   start = (the length of input-string) - Readline.point
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_point(VALUE self)
-{
-    return INT2NUM(rl_point);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.point = int
- *
- * Set the index of the current cursor position in
- * +Readline.line_buffer+.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- *
- * See +Readline.point+.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_point(VALUE self, VALUE pos)
-{
-    rl_point = NUM2INT(pos);
-    return pos;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_point rb_f_notimplement
-#define readline_s_set_point rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-static char **
-readline_attempted_completion_function(const char *text, int start, int end)
-{
-    VALUE proc, ary, temp;
-    char **result;
-    int case_fold;
-    long i, matches;
-    rb_encoding *enc;
-    VALUE encobj;
-
-    proc = rb_attr_get(mReadline, completion_proc);
-    if (NIL_P(proc))
-        return NULL;
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER
-    rl_completion_append_character = readline_completion_append_character;
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_ATTEMPTED_COMPLETION_OVER
-    rl_attempted_completion_over = 1;
-#endif
-    case_fold = RTEST(rb_attr_get(mReadline, completion_case_fold));
-    ary = rb_funcall(proc, id_call, 1, rb_locale_str_new_cstr(text));
-    if (!RB_TYPE_P(ary, T_ARRAY))
-        ary = rb_Array(ary);
-    matches = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
-    if (matches == 0) return NULL;
-    result = (char**)malloc((matches + 2)*sizeof(char*));
-    if (result == NULL) rb_memerror();
-    enc = rb_locale_encoding();
-    encobj = rb_enc_from_encoding(enc);
-    for (i = 0; i < matches; i++) {
-        temp = rb_obj_as_string(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i));
-        StringValueCStr(temp);  /* must be NUL-terminated */
-        rb_enc_check(encobj, temp);
-        result[i + 1] = (char*)malloc(RSTRING_LEN(temp) + 1);
-        if (result[i + 1]  == NULL) rb_memerror();
-        strcpy(result[i + 1], RSTRING_PTR(temp));
-    }
-    result[matches + 1] = NULL;
-
-    if (matches == 1) {
-        result[0] = strdup(result[1]);
-    }
-    else {
-        const char *result1 = result[1];
-        long low = strlen(result1);
-
-        for (i = 1; i < matches; ++i) {
-            register int c1, c2;
-            long i1, i2, l2;
-            int n1, n2;
-            const char *p2 = result[i + 1];
-
-            l2 = strlen(p2);
-            for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < low && i2 < l2; i1 += n1, i2 += n2) {
-                c1 = rb_enc_codepoint_len(result1 + i1, result1 + low, &n1, enc);
-                c2 = rb_enc_codepoint_len(p2 + i2, p2 + l2, &n2, enc);
-                if (case_fold) {
-                    c1 = rb_tolower(c1);
-                    c2 = rb_tolower(c2);
-                }
-                if (c1 != c2) break;
-            }
-
-            low = i1;
-        }
-        result[0] = (char*)malloc(low + 1);
-        if (result[0]  == NULL) rb_memerror();
-        strncpy(result[0], result[1], low);
-        result[0][low] = '\0';
-    }
-
-    return result;
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_CHAR_IS_QUOTED_P
-static int
-readline_char_is_quoted(char *text, int byte_index)
-{
-    VALUE proc, result, str;
-    long char_index;
-    size_t len;
-
-    proc = rb_attr_get(mReadline, quoting_detection_proc);
-    if (NIL_P(proc)) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    len = strlen(text);
-    if (byte_index < 0 || len < (size_t)byte_index) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "invalid byte index (%d in %"PRIdSIZE")",
-                 byte_index, len);
-    }
-
-    str = rb_locale_str_new(text, len);
-    char_index = rb_str_sublen(str, byte_index);
-    result = rb_funcall(proc, id_call, 2, str, LONG2FIX(char_index));
-    return RTEST(result);
-}
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_SET_SCREEN_SIZE
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.set_screen_size(rows, columns) -> self
- *
- * Set terminal size to +rows+ and +columns+.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_set_screen_size function.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_screen_size(VALUE self, VALUE rows, VALUE columns)
-{
-    rl_set_screen_size(NUM2INT(rows), NUM2INT(columns));
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_screen_size rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_GET_SCREEN_SIZE
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.get_screen_size -> [rows, columns]
- *
- * Returns the terminal's rows and columns.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_get_screen_size function.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_screen_size(VALUE self)
-{
-    int rows, columns;
-    VALUE res;
-
-    rl_get_screen_size(&rows, &columns);
-    res = rb_ary_new();
-    rb_ary_push(res, INT2NUM(rows));
-    rb_ary_push(res, INT2NUM(columns));
-    return res;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_screen_size rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_VI_EDITING_MODE
-RUBY_EXTERN int rl_vi_editing_mode(int, int);
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.vi_editing_mode -> nil
- *
- * Specifies VI editing mode. See the manual of GNU Readline for
- * details of VI editing mode.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_vi_editing_mode(VALUE self)
-{
-    rl_vi_editing_mode(1,0);
-    return Qnil;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_vi_editing_mode rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_EDITING_MODE
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.vi_editing_mode? -> bool
- *
- * Returns true if vi mode is active. Returns false if not.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_vi_editing_mode_p(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rl_editing_mode == 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_vi_editing_mode_p rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_EMACS_EDITING_MODE
-RUBY_EXTERN int rl_emacs_editing_mode(int, int);
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.emacs_editing_mode -> nil
- *
- * Specifies Emacs editing mode. The default is this mode. See the
- * manual of GNU Readline for details of Emacs editing mode.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_emacs_editing_mode(VALUE self)
-{
-    rl_emacs_editing_mode(1,0);
-    return Qnil;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_emacs_editing_mode rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef  HAVE_RL_EDITING_MODE
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.emacs_editing_mode? -> bool
- *
- * Returns true if emacs mode is active. Returns false if not.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_emacs_editing_mode_p(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rl_editing_mode == 1 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_emacs_editing_mode_p rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_append_character = char
- *
- * Specifies a character to be appended on completion.
- * Nothing will be appended if an empty string ("") or nil is
- * specified.
- *
- * For example:
- *   require "readline"
- *
- *   Readline.readline("> ", true)
- *   Readline.completion_append_character = " "
- *
- * Result:
- *   >
- *   Input "/var/li".
- *
- *   > /var/li
- *   Press TAB key.
- *
- *   > /var/lib
- *   Completes "b" and appends " ". So, you can continuously input "/usr".
- *
- *   > /var/lib /usr
- *
- * NOTE: Only one character can be specified. When "string" is
- * specified, sets only "s" that is the first.
- *
- *   require "readline"
- *
- *   Readline.completion_append_character = "string"
- *   p Readline.completion_append_character # => "s"
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_completion_append_character(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    if (NIL_P(str)) {
-        rl_completion_append_character = '\0';
-    }
-    else {
-        OutputStringValue(str);
-        if (RSTRING_LEN(str) == 0) {
-            rl_completion_append_character = '\0';
-        } else {
-            rl_completion_append_character = RSTRING_PTR(str)[0];
-        }
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_completion_append_character rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_APPEND_CHARACTER
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_append_character -> char
- *
- * Returns a string containing a character to be appended on
- * completion. The default is a space (" ").
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_completion_append_character(VALUE self)
-{
-    char buf[1];
-
-    if (rl_completion_append_character == '\0')
-        return Qnil;
-
-    buf[0] = (char) rl_completion_append_character;
-    return rb_locale_str_new(buf, 1);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_completion_append_character rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETION_QUOTE_CHARACTER
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completion_quote_character -> char
- *
- * When called during a completion (e.g. from within your completion_proc),
- * it will return a string containing the character used to quote the
- * argument being completed, or nil if the argument is unquoted.
- *
- * When called at other times, it will always return nil.
- *
- * Note that Readline.completer_quote_characters must be set,
- * or this method will always return nil.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_completion_quote_character(VALUE self)
-{
-    char buf[1];
-
-    if (rl_completion_quote_character == '\0')
-        return Qnil;
-
-    buf[0] = (char) rl_completion_quote_character;
-    return rb_locale_str_new(buf, 1);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_completion_quote_character rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.basic_word_break_characters = string
- *
- * Sets the basic list of characters that signal a break between words
- * for the completer routine. The default is the characters which
- * break words for completion in Bash: " \t\n\"\\'`@$><=;|&{(".
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_basic_word_break_characters(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    static char *basic_word_break_characters = NULL;
-
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    if (basic_word_break_characters == NULL) {
-        basic_word_break_characters =
-            ALLOC_N(char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    else {
-        REALLOC_N(basic_word_break_characters, char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    strncpy(basic_word_break_characters,
-            RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-    basic_word_break_characters[RSTRING_LEN(str)] = '\0';
-    rl_basic_word_break_characters = basic_word_break_characters;
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_basic_word_break_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.basic_word_break_characters -> string
- *
- * Gets the basic list of characters that signal a break between words
- * for the completer routine.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_basic_word_break_characters(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rl_basic_word_break_characters == NULL)
-        return Qnil;
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rl_basic_word_break_characters);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_basic_word_break_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETER_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completer_word_break_characters = string
- *
- * Sets the basic list of characters that signal a break between words
- * for rl_complete_internal(). The default is the value of
- * Readline.basic_word_break_characters.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_completer_word_break_characters(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    static char *completer_word_break_characters = NULL;
-
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    if (completer_word_break_characters == NULL) {
-        completer_word_break_characters =
-            ALLOC_N(char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    else {
-        REALLOC_N(completer_word_break_characters, char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    strncpy(completer_word_break_characters,
-            RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-    completer_word_break_characters[RSTRING_LEN(str)] = '\0';
-    rl_completer_word_break_characters = completer_word_break_characters;
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_completer_word_break_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETER_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completer_word_break_characters -> string
- *
- * Gets the basic list of characters that signal a break between words
- * for rl_complete_internal().
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_completer_word_break_characters(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rl_completer_word_break_characters == NULL)
-        return Qnil;
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rl_completer_word_break_characters);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_completer_word_break_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_SPECIAL_PREFIXES)
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.special_prefixes = string
- *
- * Sets the list of characters that are word break characters, but
- * should be left in text when it is passed to the completion
- * function. Programs can use this to help determine what kind of
- * completing to do. For instance, Bash sets this variable to "$@" so
- * that it can complete shell variables and hostnames.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_special_prefixes variable.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_special_prefixes(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    if (!NIL_P(str)) {
-        OutputStringValue(str);
-        str = rb_str_dup_frozen(str);
-        rb_obj_hide(str);
-    }
-    rb_ivar_set(mReadline, id_special_prefixes, str);
-    if (NIL_P(str)) {
-        rl_special_prefixes = NULL;
-    }
-    else {
-        rl_special_prefixes = RSTRING_PTR(str);
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.special_prefixes -> string
- *
- * Gets the list of characters that are word break characters, but
- * should be left in text when it is passed to the completion
- * function.
- *
- * See GNU Readline's rl_special_prefixes variable.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_special_prefixes(VALUE self)
-{
-    VALUE str;
-    if (rl_special_prefixes == NULL) return Qnil;
-    str = rb_ivar_get(mReadline, id_special_prefixes);
-    if (!NIL_P(str)) {
-        str = rb_str_dup_frozen(str);
-        rb_obj_reveal(str, rb_cString);
-    }
-    return str;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_special_prefixes rb_f_notimplement
-#define readline_s_get_special_prefixes rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_BASIC_QUOTE_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.basic_quote_characters = string
- *
- * Sets a list of quote characters which can cause a word break.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_basic_quote_characters(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    static char *basic_quote_characters = NULL;
-
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    if (basic_quote_characters == NULL) {
-        basic_quote_characters =
-            ALLOC_N(char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    else {
-        REALLOC_N(basic_quote_characters, char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    strncpy(basic_quote_characters,
-            RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-    basic_quote_characters[RSTRING_LEN(str)] = '\0';
-    rl_basic_quote_characters = basic_quote_characters;
-
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_basic_quote_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_BASIC_QUOTE_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.basic_quote_characters -> string
- *
- * Gets a list of quote characters which can cause a word break.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_basic_quote_characters(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rl_basic_quote_characters == NULL)
-        return Qnil;
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rl_basic_quote_characters);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_basic_quote_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETER_QUOTE_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completer_quote_characters = string
- *
- * Sets a list of characters which can be used to quote a substring of
- * the line. Completion occurs on the entire substring, and within
- * the substring Readline.completer_word_break_characters are treated
- * as any other character, unless they also appear within this list.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_completer_quote_characters(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    static char *completer_quote_characters = NULL;
-
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    if (completer_quote_characters == NULL) {
-        completer_quote_characters =
-            ALLOC_N(char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    else {
-        REALLOC_N(completer_quote_characters, char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    strncpy(completer_quote_characters, RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-    completer_quote_characters[RSTRING_LEN(str)] = '\0';
-    rl_completer_quote_characters = completer_quote_characters;
-
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_completer_quote_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_COMPLETER_QUOTE_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.completer_quote_characters -> string
- *
- * Gets a list of characters which can be used to quote a substring of
- * the line.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_completer_quote_characters(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rl_completer_quote_characters == NULL)
-        return Qnil;
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rl_completer_quote_characters);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_completer_quote_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_FILENAME_QUOTE_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.filename_quote_characters = string
- *
- * Sets a list of characters that cause a filename to be quoted by the completer
- * when they appear in a completed filename. The default is nil.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_set_filename_quote_characters(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    static char *filename_quote_characters = NULL;
-
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    if (filename_quote_characters == NULL) {
-        filename_quote_characters =
-            ALLOC_N(char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    else {
-        REALLOC_N(filename_quote_characters, char, RSTRING_LEN(str) + 1);
-    }
-    strncpy(filename_quote_characters, RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
-    filename_quote_characters[RSTRING_LEN(str)] = '\0';
-    rl_filename_quote_characters = filename_quote_characters;
-
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_set_filename_quote_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_FILENAME_QUOTE_CHARACTERS
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.filename_quote_characters -> string
- *
- * Gets a list of characters that cause a filename to be quoted by the completer
- * when they appear in a completed filename.
- *
- * Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_get_filename_quote_characters(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rl_filename_quote_characters == NULL)
-        return Qnil;
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rl_filename_quote_characters);
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_get_filename_quote_characters rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_REFRESH_LINE
-RUBY_EXTERN int rl_refresh_line(int, int);
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *   Readline.refresh_line -> nil
- *
- * Clear the current input line.
- */
-static VALUE
-readline_s_refresh_line(VALUE self)
-{
-    prepare_readline();
-    rl_refresh_line(0, 0);
-    return Qnil;
-}
-#else
-#define readline_s_refresh_line rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-static VALUE
-hist_to_s(VALUE self)
-{
-    return rb_str_new_cstr("HISTORY");
-}
-
-static int
-history_get_offset_history_base(int offset)
-{
-    return history_base + offset;
-}
-
-static int
-history_get_offset_0(int offset)
-{
-    return offset;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_get(VALUE self, VALUE index)
-{
-    HIST_ENTRY *entry = NULL;
-    int i;
-
-    i = NUM2INT(index);
-    if (i < 0) {
-        i += history_length;
-    }
-    if (i >= 0) {
-        entry = history_get(history_get_offset_func(i));
-    }
-    if (entry == NULL) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "invalid index");
-    }
-    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(entry->line);
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_REPLACE_HISTORY_ENTRY
-static VALUE
-hist_set(VALUE self, VALUE index, VALUE str)
-{
-    HIST_ENTRY *entry = NULL;
-    int i;
-
-    i = NUM2INT(index);
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    if (i < 0) {
-        i += history_length;
-    }
-    if (i >= 0) {
-        entry = replace_history_entry(history_replace_offset_func(i), RSTRING_PTR(str), NULL);
-    }
-    if (entry == NULL) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "invalid index");
-    }
-    return str;
-}
-#else
-#define hist_set rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-static VALUE
-hist_push(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    OutputStringValue(str);
-    add_history(RSTRING_PTR(str));
-    return self;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_push_method(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    VALUE str;
-
-    while (argc--) {
-        str = *argv++;
-        OutputStringValue(str);
-        add_history(RSTRING_PTR(str));
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-rb_remove_history(int index)
-{
-#ifdef HAVE_REMOVE_HISTORY
-    HIST_ENTRY *entry;
-    VALUE val;
-
-    entry = remove_history(index);
-    if (entry) {
-        val = rb_locale_str_new_cstr(entry->line);
-        free((void *) entry->line);
-        free(entry);
-        return val;
-    }
-    return Qnil;
-#else
-    rb_notimplement();
-
-    UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qnil);
-#endif
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_pop(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (history_length > 0) {
-        return rb_remove_history(history_length - 1);
-    } else {
-        return Qnil;
-    }
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_shift(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (history_length > 0) {
-        return rb_remove_history(0);
-    } else {
-        return Qnil;
-    }
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_each(VALUE self)
-{
-    HIST_ENTRY *entry;
-    int i;
-
-    RETURN_ENUMERATOR(self, 0, 0);
-
-    for (i = 0; i < history_length; i++) {
-        entry = history_get(history_get_offset_func(i));
-        if (entry == NULL)
-            break;
-        rb_yield(rb_locale_str_new_cstr(entry->line));
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_length(VALUE self)
-{
-    return INT2NUM(history_length);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_empty_p(VALUE self)
-{
-    return history_length == 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-hist_delete_at(VALUE self, VALUE index)
-{
-    int i;
-
-    i = NUM2INT(index);
-    if (i < 0)
-        i += history_length;
-    if (i < 0 || i > history_length - 1) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "invalid index");
-    }
-    return rb_remove_history(i);
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CLEAR_HISTORY
-static VALUE
-hist_clear(VALUE self)
-{
-    clear_history();
-    return self;
-}
-#else
-#define hist_clear rb_f_notimplement
-#endif
-
-static VALUE
-filename_completion_proc_call(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    VALUE result;
-    char **matches;
-    int i;
-
-    matches = rl_completion_matches(StringValuePtr(str),
-                                    rl_filename_completion_function);
-    if (matches) {
-        result = rb_ary_new();
-        for (i = 0; matches[i]; i++) {
-            rb_ary_push(result, rb_locale_str_new_cstr(matches[i]));
-            free(matches[i]);
-        }
-        free(matches);
-        if (RARRAY_LEN(result) >= 2)
-            rb_ary_shift(result);
-    }
-    else {
-        result = Qnil;
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-username_completion_proc_call(VALUE self, VALUE str)
-{
-    VALUE result;
-    char **matches;
-    int i;
-
-    matches = rl_completion_matches(StringValuePtr(str),
-                                    rl_username_completion_function);
-    if (matches) {
-        result = rb_ary_new();
-        for (i = 0; matches[i]; i++) {
-            rb_ary_push(result, rb_locale_str_new_cstr(matches[i]));
-            free(matches[i]);
-        }
-        free(matches);
-        if (RARRAY_LEN(result) >= 2)
-            rb_ary_shift(result);
-    }
-    else {
-        result = Qnil;
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_CATCH_SIGNALS
-RUBY_EXTERN int rl_catch_signals;
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_CLEAR_SIGNALS
-RUBY_EXTERN int rl_clear_signals(void);
-#endif
-
-#undef rb_intern
-void
-Init_readline(void)
-{
-    VALUE history, fcomp, ucomp, version;
-
-    /* Allow conditional parsing of the ~/.inputrc file. */
-    rl_readline_name = (char *)"Ruby";
-
-#if defined HAVE_RL_GETC_FUNCTION
-    /* libedit check rl_getc_function only when rl_initialize() is called, */
-    /* and using_history() call rl_initialize(). */
-    /* This assignment should be placed before using_history() */
-    rl_getc_function = readline_getc;
-#elif defined HAVE_RL_EVENT_HOOK
-    rl_event_hook = readline_event;
-#endif
-
-    using_history();
-
-    id_call = rb_intern("call");
-    completion_proc = rb_intern(COMPLETION_PROC);
-    completion_case_fold = rb_intern(COMPLETION_CASE_FOLD);
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK)
-    id_pre_input_hook = rb_intern("pre_input_hook");
-#endif
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_SPECIAL_PREFIXES)
-    id_special_prefixes = rb_intern("special_prefixes");
-#endif
-#if defined HAVE_RL_CHAR_IS_QUOTED_P
-    quoting_detection_proc = rb_intern(QUOTING_DETECTION_PROC);
-#endif
-
-    mReadline = rb_define_module("Readline");
-    rb_define_module_function(mReadline, "readline",
-                              readline_readline, -1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "input=",
-                               readline_s_set_input, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "output=",
-                               readline_s_set_output, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_proc=",
-                               readline_s_set_completion_proc, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_proc",
-                               readline_s_get_completion_proc, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "quoting_detection_proc=",
-                               readline_s_set_quoting_detection_proc, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "quoting_detection_proc",
-                               readline_s_get_quoting_detection_proc, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_case_fold=",
-                               readline_s_set_completion_case_fold, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_case_fold",
-                               readline_s_get_completion_case_fold, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "line_buffer",
-                               readline_s_get_line_buffer, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "point",
-                               readline_s_get_point, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "point=",
-                               readline_s_set_point, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "set_screen_size",
-                               readline_s_set_screen_size, 2);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "get_screen_size",
-                               readline_s_get_screen_size, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "vi_editing_mode",
-                               readline_s_vi_editing_mode, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "vi_editing_mode?",
-                               readline_s_vi_editing_mode_p, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "emacs_editing_mode",
-                               readline_s_emacs_editing_mode, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "emacs_editing_mode?",
-                               readline_s_emacs_editing_mode_p, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_append_character=",
-                               readline_s_set_completion_append_character, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_append_character",
-                               readline_s_get_completion_append_character, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completion_quote_character",
-                               readline_s_get_completion_quote_character, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "basic_word_break_characters=",
-                               readline_s_set_basic_word_break_characters, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "basic_word_break_characters",
-                               readline_s_get_basic_word_break_characters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completer_word_break_characters=",
-                               readline_s_set_completer_word_break_characters, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completer_word_break_characters",
-                               readline_s_get_completer_word_break_characters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "basic_quote_characters=",
-                               readline_s_set_basic_quote_characters, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "basic_quote_characters",
-                               readline_s_get_basic_quote_characters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completer_quote_characters=",
-                               readline_s_set_completer_quote_characters, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "completer_quote_characters",
-                               readline_s_get_completer_quote_characters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "filename_quote_characters=",
-                               readline_s_set_filename_quote_characters, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "filename_quote_characters",
-                               readline_s_get_filename_quote_characters, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "refresh_line",
-                               readline_s_refresh_line, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "pre_input_hook=",
-                               readline_s_set_pre_input_hook, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "pre_input_hook",
-                               readline_s_get_pre_input_hook, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "insert_text",
-                               readline_s_insert_text, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "delete_text",
-                               readline_s_delete_text, -1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "redisplay",
-                               readline_s_redisplay, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "special_prefixes=",
-                               readline_s_set_special_prefixes, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(mReadline, "special_prefixes",
-                               readline_s_get_special_prefixes, 0);
-
-#if USE_INSERT_IGNORE_ESCAPE
-    id_orig_prompt = rb_intern("orig_prompt");
-    id_last_prompt = rb_intern("last_prompt");
-#endif
-
-    history = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cObject);
-    rb_extend_object(history, rb_mEnumerable);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"to_s", hist_to_s, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"[]", hist_get, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"[]=", hist_set, 2);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"<<", hist_push, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"push", hist_push_method, -1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"pop", hist_pop, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"shift", hist_shift, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"each", hist_each, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"length", hist_length, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"size", hist_length, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"empty?", hist_empty_p, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"delete_at", hist_delete_at, 1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(history,"clear", hist_clear, 0);
-
-    /*
-     * The history buffer. It extends Enumerable module, so it behaves
-     * just like an array.
-     * For example, gets the fifth content that the user input by
-     * <code>HISTORY[4]</code>.
-     */
-    rb_define_const(mReadline, "HISTORY", history);
-
-    fcomp = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cObject);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(fcomp, "call",
-                               filename_completion_proc_call, 1);
-    /*
-     * The Object with the call method that is a completion for filename.
-     * This is sets by Readline.completion_proc= method.
-     */
-    rb_define_const(mReadline, "FILENAME_COMPLETION_PROC", fcomp);
-
-    ucomp = rb_obj_alloc(rb_cObject);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(ucomp, "call",
-                               username_completion_proc_call, 1);
-    /*
-     * The Object with the call method that is a completion for usernames.
-     * This is sets by Readline.completion_proc= method.
-     */
-    rb_define_const(mReadline, "USERNAME_COMPLETION_PROC", ucomp);
-    history_get_offset_func = history_get_offset_history_base;
-    history_replace_offset_func = history_get_offset_0;
-#if defined HAVE_RL_LIBRARY_VERSION
-    version = rb_str_new_cstr(rl_library_version);
-#if defined HAVE_CLEAR_HISTORY || defined HAVE_REMOVE_HISTORY
-    if (strncmp(rl_library_version, EDIT_LINE_LIBRARY_VERSION,
-                strlen(EDIT_LINE_LIBRARY_VERSION)) == 0) {
-        prepare_readline();
-        add_history("1");
-        if (history_get(history_get_offset_func(0)) == NULL) {
-            history_get_offset_func = history_get_offset_0;
-        }
-#ifdef HAVE_REPLACE_HISTORY_ENTRY
-        if (replace_history_entry(0, "a", NULL) == NULL) {
-            history_replace_offset_func = history_get_offset_history_base;
-        }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_CLEAR_HISTORY
-        clear_history();
-#else
-        {
-            HIST_ENTRY *entry = remove_history(0);
-            if (entry) {
-                free((char *)entry->line);
-                free(entry);
-            }
-        }
-#endif
-    }
-#endif
-#else
-    version = rb_str_new_cstr("2.0 or prior version");
-#endif
-    /* Version string of GNU Readline or libedit. */
-    rb_define_const(mReadline, "VERSION", version);
-
-    rl_attempted_completion_function = readline_attempted_completion_function;
-#if defined(HAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK)
-    rl_pre_input_hook = (rl_hook_func_t *)readline_pre_input_hook;
-#endif
-#if defined HAVE_RL_CHAR_IS_QUOTED_P
-    rl_char_is_quoted_p = &readline_char_is_quoted;
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_CATCH_SIGNALS
-    rl_catch_signals = 0;
-#endif
-#ifdef HAVE_RL_CLEAR_SIGNALS
-    rl_clear_signals();
-#endif
-
-    rb_gc_register_address(&readline_instream);
-    rb_gc_register_address(&readline_outstream);
-}
-
-/*
- * Local variables:
- * indent-tabs-mode: nil
- * end:
- */
diff --git a/ext/ripper/README b/ext/ripper/README
index 2ae2470e13..70fa208920 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/README
+++ b/ext/ripper/README
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ Requirements
 ------------
 
   * ruby 1.9 (support CVS HEAD only)
-  * bison 1.28 or later (Other yaccs do not work)
 
 Usage
 -----
diff --git a/ext/ripper/depend b/ext/ripper/depend
index 80a6d62346..a18b67abe3 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/depend
+++ b/ext/ripper/depend
@@ -1,30 +1,26 @@
 GEN  = $(srcdir)/tools/generate.rb
 SRC1 = $(top_srcdir)/parse.y
 SRC2 = $(srcdir)/eventids2.c
+BISON = $(BASERUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/lrama/exe/lrama
 
 .SUFFIXES: .y
 
-src: ripper.c eventids1.c eventids2table.c
+src: ripper.c ripper_init.c eventids1.c eventids1.h eventids2table.c
+ripper.c ripper_init.c eventids1.c eventids1.h eventids2table.c: depend
 
 ripper.o: ripper.c
 
 .y.c:
 	$(ECHO) compiling compiler $<
-	$(Q) $(BISON) -t -v -oy.tab.c $<
-	$(Q) sed -e "/^#/s!y\.tab\.c!$@!" -f $(top_srcdir)/tool/ytab.sed y.tab.c > $@
-	@$(RM) y.tab.c
+	$(Q) $(BISON) -t -v -o$@ - $< < $<
 
 all: check
 static: check
 
-ripper.y: $(srcdir)/tools/preproc.rb $(srcdir)/tools/dsl.rb $(top_srcdir)/parse.y {$(VPATH)}id.h
+ripper.y: $(srcdir)/tools/preproc.rb $(srcdir)/tools/dsl.rb $(top_srcdir)/parse.y $(top_srcdir)/defs/id.def
 	$(ECHO) extracting $@ from $(top_srcdir)/parse.y
-	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/id2token.rb --path-separator=.$(PATH_SEPARATOR)./ \
-		--vpath=$(VPATH)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$(top_srcdir) id.h $(top_srcdir)/parse.y > ripper.tmp.y
-	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/pure_parser.rb ripper.tmp.y $(BISON)
-	$(Q) $(RM) ripper.tmp.y.bak
-	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(srcdir)/tools/preproc.rb ripper.tmp.y --output=$@
-	$(Q) $(RM) ripper.tmp.y
+	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(top_srcdir)/tool/id2token.rb $(top_srcdir)/parse.y | \
+	$(RUBY) $(srcdir)/tools/preproc.rb --output=$@ - ripper.y
 
 check: .eventids2-check
 
@@ -33,6 +29,10 @@ check: .eventids2-check
 	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(GEN) --mode=check --ids1src=$(SRC1) --ids2src=$(SRC2)
 	@exit > $@
 
+eventids1.h: $(GEN) $(srcdir)/tools/dsl.rb $(SRC1)
+	$(ECHO) generating $@ from $(SRC1)
+	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(GEN) --mode=eventids1_h --ids1src=$(SRC1) --output=$@
+
 eventids1.c: $(GEN) $(srcdir)/tools/dsl.rb $(SRC1)
 	$(ECHO) generating $@ from $(SRC1)
 	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(GEN) --mode=eventids1 --ids1src=$(SRC1) --output=$@
@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ eventids2table.c: $(GEN) $(srcdir)/tools/dsl.rb $(SRC2)
 	$(ECHO) generating $@ from $(SRC2)
 	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(GEN) --mode=eventids2table --ids2src=$(SRC2) --output=$@
 
+ripper_init.c: $(srcdir)/ripper_init.c.tmpl ripper.y $(srcdir)/tools/preproc.rb $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
+	$(ECHO) generating $@ from $(srcdir)/ripper_init.c.tmpl
+	$(Q) $(RUBY) $(srcdir)/tools/preproc.rb --output=$@ --template=$(srcdir)/ripper_init.c.tmpl $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
+
 # Entries for Ripper maintainer
 
 preproc: ripper.E
@@ -49,10 +53,347 @@ ripper.E: ripper.c
 	$(Q) $(CC) -E $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $< | $(RUBY) $(srcdir)/tools/strip.rb > $@
 
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES START
+eventids1.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
+eventids1.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/bool.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/inttypes.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/limits.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdalign.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/stdarg.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+eventids1.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
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 ripper.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
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 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -172,7 +514,6 @@ ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
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 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -203,7 +544,6 @@ ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
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 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -224,16 +564,24 @@ ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/regex.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 ripper.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
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 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/constant.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/id_table.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/bignum.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/bits.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compile.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
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+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/encoding.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/fixnum.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
@@ -244,6 +592,7 @@ ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/numeric.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/rational.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/re.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
@@ -252,13 +601,25 @@ ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/variable.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
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+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/parser_node.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/parser_st.h
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 ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
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+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+ripper.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
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+ripper.o: eventids1.h
 ripper.o: eventids2.c
+ripper.o: eventids2.h
 ripper.o: ripper.y
+ripper.o: ripper_init.h
 ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}eventids1.c
 ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}eventids2table.c
 ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
@@ -266,4 +627,188 @@ ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}lex.c
 ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}parse.h
 ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}probes.dmyh
 ripper.o: {$(VPATH)}ripper.c
+ripper_init.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
+ripper_init.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
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+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/long_long.h
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+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/encoding.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/intern.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/abi.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/char.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/double.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/fixnum.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/gid_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/int.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/intptr_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/long_long.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/mode_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/off_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/pid_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/short.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/size_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/st_data_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/arithmetic/uid_t.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/assume.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/alloc_size.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/cold.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/const.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/constexpr.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/diagnose_if.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/enum_extensibility.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/error.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/flag_enum.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/forceinline.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/format.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noalias.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nodiscard.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/warning.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/weakref.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/cast.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/apple.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/clang.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/gcc.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/intel.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/msvc.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_is/sunpro.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/compiler_since.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/config.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/constant_p.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rbignum.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rclass.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rdata.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rregexp.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rstruct.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/ctype.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/dosish.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/coderange.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/ctype.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/pathname.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/re.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/sprintf.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/symbol.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/encoding/transcode.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/error.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/eval.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/event.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/gc.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/glob.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/globals.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/attribute.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/builtin.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/cpp_attribute.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/declspec_attribute.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/extension.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/feature.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/has/warning.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/compar.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/complex.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/dir.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enum.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/marshal.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/numeric.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/parse.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/proc.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/random.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/range.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/rational.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/ruby.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/select/largesize.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/sprintf.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/string.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/thread.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/time.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/variable.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/vm.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/interpreter.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/iterator.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdalign.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/stdbool.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/symbol.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/value_type.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/variable.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/warning_push.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/xmalloc.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/missing.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/onigmo.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/oniguruma.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
+ripper_init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/parse.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/ruby_parser.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+ripper_init.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+ripper_init.o: eventids1.h
+ripper_init.o: eventids2.h
+ripper_init.o: ripper_init.h
+ripper_init.o: {$(VPATH)}parse.h
+ripper_init.o: {$(VPATH)}ripper_init.c
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/ripper/eventids2.c b/ext/ripper/eventids2.c
index ac38663f2d..ac54955857 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/eventids2.c
+++ b/ext/ripper/eventids2.c
@@ -1,21 +1,10 @@
-enum {
-    tIGNORED_NL  = tLAST_TOKEN + 1,
-# define tIGNORED_NL ((enum yytokentype)tIGNORED_NL)
-    tCOMMENT,
-# define tCOMMENT ((enum yytokentype)tCOMMENT)
-    tEMBDOC_BEG,
-# define tEMBDOC_BEG ((enum yytokentype)tEMBDOC_BEG)
-    tEMBDOC,
-# define tEMBDOC ((enum yytokentype)tEMBDOC)
-    tEMBDOC_END,
-# define tEMBDOC_END ((enum yytokentype)tEMBDOC_END)
-    tHEREDOC_BEG,
-# define tHEREDOC_BEG ((enum yytokentype)tHEREDOC_BEG)
-    tHEREDOC_END,
-# define tHEREDOC_END ((enum yytokentype)tHEREDOC_END)
-    k__END__,
-# define k__END__ ((enum yytokentype)k__END__)
-};
+#include "ruby/ruby.h"
+#include "rubyparser.h"
+#define YYSTYPE_IS_DECLARED
+#include "parse.h"
+#include "eventids2.h"
+#include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/static_assert.h"
 
 typedef struct {
     ID ripper_id_backref;
@@ -76,7 +65,7 @@ static ripper_scanner_ids_t ripper_scanner_ids;
 
 #include "eventids2table.c"
 
-static void
+void
 ripper_init_eventids2(void)
 {
 #define set_id2(name) ripper_scanner_ids.ripper_id_##name = rb_intern_const("on_"#name)
@@ -137,7 +126,7 @@ ripper_init_eventids2(void)
 STATIC_ASSERT(k__END___range, k__END__ < SHRT_MAX);
 STATIC_ASSERT(ripper_scanner_ids_size, sizeof(ripper_scanner_ids) < SHRT_MAX);
 
-static ID
+ID
 ripper_token2eventid(enum yytokentype tok)
 {
 #define O(member) (int)offsetof(ripper_scanner_ids_t, ripper_id_##member)+1
diff --git a/ext/ripper/eventids2.h b/ext/ripper/eventids2.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49e46432b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/ripper/eventids2.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef RIPPER_EVENTIDS2
+#define RIPPER_EVENTIDS2
+
+void ripper_init_eventids2(void);
+void ripper_init_eventids2_table(VALUE self);
+ID ripper_token2eventid(enum yytokentype tok);
+
+#endif /* RIPPER_EVENTIDS2 */
diff --git a/ext/ripper/extconf.rb b/ext/ripper/extconf.rb
index 65cb5030d3..c3c56c27c5 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/ripper/extconf.rb
@@ -5,23 +5,14 @@ require 'mkmf'
 require 'rbconfig'
 
 def main
-  yacc = ENV["YACC"] || "bison"
-
-  unless find_executable(yacc)
-    unless File.exist?('ripper.c') or File.exist?("#{$srcdir}/ripper.c")
-      raise 'missing bison; abort'
-    end
-  end
-  $objs = %w(ripper.o)
-  $distcleanfiles.concat %w(ripper.y ripper.c eventids1.c eventids2table.c)
+  $objs = %w(eventids1.o eventids2.o ripper.o ripper_init.o)
+  $distcleanfiles.concat %w(ripper.y ripper.c eventids1.c eventids1.h eventids2table.c ripper_init.c)
   $cleanfiles.concat %w(ripper.E ripper.output y.output .eventids2-check)
   $defs << '-DRIPPER'
   $defs << '-DRIPPER_DEBUG' if $debug
   $VPATH << '$(topdir)' << '$(top_srcdir)'
   $INCFLAGS << ' -I$(topdir) -I$(top_srcdir)'
-  create_makefile 'ripper' do |conf|
-    conf << "BISON = #{yacc}"
-  end
+  create_makefile 'ripper'
 end
 
 main
diff --git a/ext/ripper/lib/ripper/lexer.rb b/ext/ripper/lib/ripper/lexer.rb
index 19c59e2ccc..6a3c04af30 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/lib/ripper/lexer.rb
+++ b/ext/ripper/lib/ripper/lexer.rb
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class Ripper
 
     def on_heredoc_end(tok)
       @buf.push Elem.new([lineno(), column()], __callee__, tok, state())
-      @buf = @stack.pop
+      @buf = @stack.pop unless @stack.empty?
     end
 
     def _push_token(tok)
diff --git a/ext/ripper/ripper_init.c.tmpl b/ext/ripper/ripper_init.c.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c1a4e5bb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/ripper/ripper_init.c.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+%# -*- c -*-
+#include "ruby/ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/encoding.h"
+#include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/imemo.h" /* needed by ruby_parser.h */
+#include "internal/parse.h"
+#include "internal/ruby_parser.h"
+#include "node.h"
+#include "rubyparser.h"
+#include "eventids1.h"
+#define YYSTYPE_IS_DECLARED
+#include "parse.h"
+#include "eventids2.h"
+#include "ripper_init.h"
+
+#define STR_NEW2(ptr) rb_enc_str_new((ptr),strlen(ptr),rb_ruby_parser_enc(p))
+#define RIPPER_VERSION "0.1.0"
+
+ID id_warn, id_warning, id_gets, id_assoc;
+
+struct ripper {
+    rb_parser_t *p;
+};
+
+static void
+ripper_parser_mark2(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct ripper *r = (struct ripper*)ptr;
+    if (r->p) ripper_parser_mark(r->p);
+}
+
+static void
+ripper_parser_free2(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct ripper *r = (struct ripper*)ptr;
+    if (r->p) ripper_parser_free(r->p);
+    xfree(r);
+}
+
+static size_t
+ripper_parser_memsize2(const void *ptr)
+{
+    struct ripper *r = (struct ripper*)ptr;
+    return (r->p) ? ripper_parser_memsize(r->p) : 0;
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t parser_data_type = {
+    "ripper",
+    {
+        ripper_parser_mark2,
+        ripper_parser_free2,
+        ripper_parser_memsize2,
+    },
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+};
+
+ID
+ripper_get_id(VALUE v)
+{
+    NODE *nd;
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(v, T_NODE)) return 0;
+    nd = (NODE *)v;
+    if (!nd_type_p(nd, NODE_RIPPER)) return 0;
+    return RNODE_RIPPER(nd)->nd_vid;
+}
+
+VALUE
+ripper_get_value(VALUE v)
+{
+    NODE *nd;
+    if (UNDEF_P(v)) return Qnil;
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(v, T_NODE)) return v;
+    nd = (NODE *)v;
+    if (!nd_type_p(nd, NODE_RIPPER)) return Qnil;
+    return RNODE_RIPPER(nd)->nd_rval;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ripper_lex_get_generic(struct parser_params *p, VALUE src)
+{
+    VALUE line = rb_funcallv_public(src, id_gets, 0, 0);
+    if (!NIL_P(line) && !RB_TYPE_P(line, T_STRING)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
+                 "gets returned %"PRIsVALUE" (expected String or nil)",
+                 rb_obj_class(line));
+    }
+    return line;
+}
+
+void
+ripper_compile_error(struct parser_params *p, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    VALUE str;
+    va_list args;
+
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+    str = rb_vsprintf(fmt, args);
+    va_end(args);
+    rb_funcall(ripper_value(p), rb_intern("compile_error"), 1, str);
+    ripper_error(p);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ripper_lex_io_get(struct parser_params *p, VALUE src)
+{
+    return rb_io_gets(src);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ripper_s_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    struct ripper *r;
+
+    VALUE self = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, struct ripper,
+                                       &parser_data_type, r);
+
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+    rb_parser_config_t *config;
+    config = rb_ruby_parser_config_new(ruby_xmalloc);
+    rb_parser_config_initialize(config);
+    r->p = rb_ruby_parser_allocate(config);
+#else
+    r->p = rb_ruby_ripper_parser_allocate();
+#endif
+    rb_ruby_parser_set_value(r->p, self);
+    return self;
+}
+
+static struct parser_params *
+ripper_parser_params(VALUE self, bool initialized)
+{
+    struct ripper *r;
+    struct parser_params *p;
+
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct ripper, &parser_data_type, r);
+    p = r->p;
+    if (initialized && !rb_ruby_ripper_initialized_p(p)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "method called for uninitialized object");
+    }
+    return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.error?   -> Boolean
+ *
+ *  Return true if parsed source has errors.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_error_p(VALUE vparser)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(vparser, false);
+
+    return RBOOL(rb_ruby_parser_error_p(p));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.end_seen?   -> Boolean
+ *
+ *  Return true if parsed source ended by +\_\_END\_\_+.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parser_end_seen_p(VALUE vparser)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(vparser, false);
+
+    return RBOOL(rb_ruby_parser_end_seen_p(p));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.encoding   -> encoding
+ *
+ *  Return encoding of the source.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parser_encoding(VALUE vparser)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(vparser, false);
+
+    return rb_ruby_parser_encoding(p);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.yydebug   -> true or false
+ *
+ *  Get yydebug.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parser_get_yydebug(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, false);
+
+    return RBOOL(rb_ruby_parser_get_yydebug(p));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.yydebug = flag
+ *
+ *  Set yydebug.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parser_set_yydebug(VALUE self, VALUE flag)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, false);
+
+    rb_ruby_parser_set_yydebug(p, RTEST(flag));
+    return flag;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.debug_output   -> obj
+ *
+ *  Get debug output.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parser_get_debug_output(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, false);
+
+    return rb_ruby_parser_debug_output(p);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.debug_output = obj
+ *
+ *  Set debug output.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parser_set_debug_output(VALUE self, VALUE output)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, false);
+
+    rb_ruby_parser_set_debug_output(p, output);
+    return output;
+}
+
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+struct dedent_string_arg {
+    struct parser_params *p;
+    VALUE input;
+    VALUE width;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+parser_dedent_string0(VALUE a)
+{
+    struct dedent_string_arg *arg = (void *)a;
+    int wid, col;
+
+    StringValue(arg->input);
+    wid = NUM2UINT(arg->width);
+    col = rb_ruby_ripper_dedent_string(arg->p, arg->input, wid);
+    return INT2NUM(col);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+parser_config_free(VALUE a)
+{
+    rb_parser_config_t *config = (void *)a;
+
+    rb_ruby_parser_config_free(config);
+    return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    Ripper.dedent_string(input, width)   -> Integer
+ *
+ *  USE OF RIPPER LIBRARY ONLY.
+ *
+ *  Strips up to +width+ leading whitespaces from +input+,
+ *  and returns the stripped column width.
+ */
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+static VALUE
+parser_dedent_string(VALUE self, VALUE input, VALUE width)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p;
+    rb_parser_config_t *config;
+    struct dedent_string_arg args;
+
+    config = rb_ruby_parser_config_new(ruby_xmalloc);
+    rb_parser_config_initialize(config);
+    p = rb_ruby_parser_new(config);
+
+    args.p = p;
+    args.input = input;
+    args.width = width;
+    return rb_ensure(parser_dedent_string0, (VALUE)&args, parser_config_free, (VALUE)config);
+}
+#else
+static VALUE
+parser_dedent_string(VALUE self, VALUE input, VALUE width)
+{
+    int wid, col;
+
+    StringValue(input);
+    wid = NUM2UINT(width);
+    col = rb_ruby_ripper_dedent_string(0, input, wid);
+    return INT2NUM(col);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    Ripper.new(src, filename="(ripper)", lineno=1) -> ripper
+ *
+ *  Create a new Ripper object.
+ *  _src_ must be a String, an IO, or an Object which has #gets method.
+ *
+ *  This method does not starts parsing.
+ *  See also Ripper#parse and Ripper.parse.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p;
+    VALUE src, fname, lineno;
+    VALUE (*gets)(struct parser_params*,VALUE);
+    VALUE input, sourcefile_string;
+    const char *sourcefile;
+    int sourceline;
+
+    p = ripper_parser_params(self, false);
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &src, &fname, &lineno);
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(src, T_FILE)) {
+        gets = ripper_lex_io_get;
+    }
+    else if (rb_respond_to(src, id_gets)) {
+        gets = ripper_lex_get_generic;
+    }
+    else {
+        StringValue(src);
+        gets = rb_ruby_ripper_lex_get_str;
+    }
+    input = src;
+    if (NIL_P(fname)) {
+        fname = STR_NEW2("(ripper)");
+        OBJ_FREEZE(fname);
+    }
+    else {
+        StringValueCStr(fname);
+        fname = rb_str_new_frozen(fname);
+    }
+    rb_ruby_ripper_parser_initialize(p);
+
+    sourcefile_string = fname;
+    sourcefile = RSTRING_PTR(fname);
+    sourceline = NIL_P(lineno) ? 0 : NUM2INT(lineno) - 1;
+
+    rb_ruby_parser_ripper_initialize(p, gets, input, sourcefile_string, sourcefile, sourceline);
+
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ripper_parse0(VALUE vparser)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(vparser, false);
+
+    rb_ruby_ripper_parse0(p);
+    return rb_ruby_parser_result(p);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ripper_ensure(VALUE vparser)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(vparser, false);
+
+    rb_ruby_parser_set_parsing_thread(p, Qnil);
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.parse
+ *
+ *  Start parsing and returns the value of the root action.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_parse(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, true);
+    VALUE result;
+
+    if (!NIL_P(rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(p))) {
+        if (rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(p) == rb_thread_current())
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Ripper#parse is not reentrant");
+        else
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Ripper#parse is not multithread-safe");
+    }
+    rb_ruby_parser_set_parsing_thread(p, rb_thread_current());
+    result = rb_ensure(ripper_parse0, self, ripper_ensure, self);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(self);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.column   -> Integer
+ *
+ *  Return column number of current parsing line.
+ *  This number starts from 0.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_column(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, true);
+    long col;
+
+    if (NIL_P(rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(p))) return Qnil;
+    col = rb_ruby_ripper_column(p);
+    return LONG2NUM(col);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.filename   -> String
+ *
+ *  Return current parsing filename.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_filename(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, true);
+
+    return rb_ruby_parser_ruby_sourcefile_string(p);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.lineno   -> Integer
+ *
+ *  Return line number of current parsing line.
+ *  This number starts from 1.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_lineno(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, true);
+
+    if (NIL_P(rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(p))) return Qnil;
+    return INT2NUM(rb_ruby_parser_ruby_sourceline(p));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.state   -> Integer
+ *
+ *  Return scanner state of current token.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_state(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, true);
+
+    if (NIL_P(rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(p))) return Qnil;
+    return INT2NUM(rb_ruby_parser_lex_state(p));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    ripper.token   -> String
+ *
+ *  Return the current token string.
+ */
+static VALUE
+ripper_token(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p = ripper_parser_params(self, true);
+    long pos, len;
+
+    if (NIL_P(rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(p))) return Qnil;
+    pos = rb_ruby_ripper_column(p);
+    len = rb_ruby_ripper_token_len(p);
+    return rb_str_subseq(rb_ruby_ripper_lex_lastline(p), pos, len);
+}
+
+#ifdef RIPPER_DEBUG
+/* :nodoc: */
+static VALUE
+ripper_assert_Qundef(VALUE self, VALUE obj, VALUE msg)
+{
+    StringValue(msg);
+    if (UNDEF_P(obj)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "%"PRIsVALUE, msg);
+    }
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+/* :nodoc: */
+static VALUE
+ripper_raw_value(VALUE self, VALUE obj)
+{
+    return ULONG2NUM(obj);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+struct lex_state_name_arg {
+    struct parser_params *p;
+    VALUE state;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+lex_state_name0(VALUE a)
+{
+    struct lex_state_name_arg *arg = (void *)a;
+
+    return rb_ruby_ripper_lex_state_name(arg->p, NUM2INT(arg->state));
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    Ripper.lex_state_name(integer)   -> string
+ *
+ *  Returns a string representation of lex_state.
+ */
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+static VALUE
+ripper_lex_state_name(VALUE self, VALUE state)
+{
+    struct parser_params *p;
+    rb_parser_config_t *config;
+    struct lex_state_name_arg args;
+
+    config = rb_ruby_parser_config_new(ruby_xmalloc);
+    rb_parser_config_initialize(config);
+    p = rb_ruby_parser_new(config);
+
+    args.p = p;
+    args.state = state;
+
+    return rb_ensure(lex_state_name0, (VALUE)&args, parser_config_free, (VALUE)config);
+}
+#else
+static VALUE
+ripper_lex_state_name(VALUE self, VALUE state)
+{
+    return rb_ruby_ripper_lex_state_name(0, NUM2INT(state));
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+Init_ripper(void)
+{
+    ripper_init_eventids1();
+    ripper_init_eventids2();
+    id_warn = rb_intern_const("warn");
+    id_warning = rb_intern_const("warning");
+    id_gets = rb_intern_const("gets");
+    id_assoc = rb_intern_const("=>");
+
+    InitVM(ripper);
+}
+
+void
+InitVM_ripper(void)
+{
+    VALUE Ripper;
+
+    Ripper = rb_define_class("Ripper", rb_cObject);
+    /* version of Ripper */
+    rb_define_const(Ripper, "Version", rb_usascii_str_new2(RIPPER_VERSION));
+    rb_define_alloc_func(Ripper, ripper_s_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "initialize", ripper_initialize, -1);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "parse", ripper_parse, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "column", ripper_column, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "filename", ripper_filename, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "lineno", ripper_lineno, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "state", ripper_state, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "token", ripper_token, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "end_seen?", ripper_parser_end_seen_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "encoding", ripper_parser_encoding, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "yydebug", ripper_parser_get_yydebug, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "yydebug=", ripper_parser_set_yydebug, 1);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "debug_output", ripper_parser_get_debug_output, 0);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "debug_output=", ripper_parser_set_debug_output, 1);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "error?", ripper_error_p, 0);
+#ifdef RIPPER_DEBUG
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "assert_Qundef", ripper_assert_Qundef, 2);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "rawVALUE", ripper_raw_value, 1);
+    rb_define_method(Ripper, "validate_object", ripper_validate_object, 1);
+#endif
+
+    rb_define_singleton_method(Ripper, "dedent_string", parser_dedent_string, 2);
+    rb_define_private_method(Ripper, "dedent_string", parser_dedent_string, 2);
+
+    rb_define_singleton_method(Ripper, "lex_state_name", ripper_lex_state_name, 1);
+
+<% @exprs.each do |expr, desc| -%>
+    /* <%=desc%> */
+    rb_define_const(Ripper, "<%=expr%>", INT2NUM(<%=expr%>));
+<% end %>
+    ripper_init_eventids1_table(Ripper);
+    ripper_init_eventids2_table(Ripper);
+
+# if 0
+    /* Hack to let RDoc document SCRIPT_LINES__ */
+
+    /*
+     * When a Hash is assigned to +SCRIPT_LINES__+ the contents of files loaded
+     * after the assignment will be added as an Array of lines with the file
+     * name as the key.
+     */
+    rb_define_global_const("SCRIPT_LINES__", Qnil);
+#endif
+
+}
diff --git a/ext/ripper/ripper_init.h b/ext/ripper/ripper_init.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82ff13b95f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/ripper/ripper_init.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef RIPPER_INIT_H
+#define RIPPER_INIT_H
+
+VALUE ripper_get_value(VALUE v);
+ID ripper_get_id(VALUE v);
+PRINTF_ARGS(void ripper_compile_error(struct parser_params*, const char *fmt, ...), 2, 3);
+
+#endif /* RIPPER_INIT_H */
diff --git a/ext/ripper/tools/dsl.rb b/ext/ripper/tools/dsl.rb
index 49ff51711f..6d662b3fb8 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/tools/dsl.rb
+++ b/ext/ripper/tools/dsl.rb
@@ -6,11 +6,18 @@
 #   v1 = dispatch0(stmts_new);
 #   v2 = dispatch0(void_stmt);
 #   $$ = dispatch2(stmts_add, v1, v2);
-
-$dollar = "$$"
-alias $$ $dollar
+#
+# - The code must be a single line.
+#
+# - The code is basically Ruby code, even if it appears like in C and
+#   the result will be processed as C. e.g., comments need to be in
+#   Ruby style.
 
 class DSL
+  TAG_PATTERN = /(?><[a-zA-Z0-9_]+>)/.source
+  NAME_PATTERN = /(?>\$|\d+|[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*|\[[a-zA-Z_.][-a-zA-Z0-9_.]*\])(?>(?:\.|->)[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)*/.source
+  NOT_REF_PATTERN = /(?>\#.*|[^\"$@]*|"(?>\\.|[^\"])*")/.source
+
   def initialize(code, options)
     @events = {}
     @error = options.include?("error")
@@ -18,19 +25,15 @@ class DSL
     if options.include?("final")
       @final = "p->result"
     else
-      @final = (options.grep(/\A\$(?:\$|\d+)\z/)[0] || "$$")
+      @final = (options.grep(/\A\$#{NAME_PATTERN}\z/o)[0] || "$$")
     end
     @vars = 0
 
-    # create $1 == "$1", $2 == "$2", ...
-    s = (1..20).map {|n| "$#{n}"}
-    re = Array.new(s.size, "([^\0]+)")
-    /#{re.join("\0")}/ =~ s.join("\0")
-
     # struct parser_params *p
     p = p = "p"
 
     @code = ""
+    code = code.gsub(%r[\G#{NOT_REF_PATTERN}\K[$@]#{TAG_PATTERN}?#{NAME_PATTERN}]o, '"\&"')
     @last_value = eval(code)
   end
 
diff --git a/ext/ripper/tools/generate.rb b/ext/ripper/tools/generate.rb
index 883e6ef2df..bb64d2fe8b 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/tools/generate.rb
+++ b/ext/ripper/tools/generate.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def main
 
   parser = @parser = OptionParser.new
   parser.banner = "Usage: #{File.basename($0)} --mode=MODE [--ids1src=PATH] [--ids2src=PATH] [--output=PATH]"
-  parser.on('--mode=MODE', 'check, eventids1, or eventids2table.') {|m|
+  parser.on('--mode=MODE', 'check, eventids1_h, eventids1, or eventids2table.') {|m|
     mode = m
   }
   parser.on('--ids1src=PATH', 'A source file of event-IDs 1 (parse.y).') {|path|
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ def main
       abort "event crash: #{common.join(' ')}"
     end
     exit 0
+  when 'eventids1_h'
+    usage 'no --ids1src' unless ids1src
+    result = generate_eventids1_h(read_ids1(ids1src))
   when 'eventids1'
     usage 'no --ids1src' unless ids1src
     result = generate_eventids1(read_ids1(ids1src))
@@ -67,19 +70,35 @@ def usage(msg)
   exit false
 end
 
-def generate_eventids1(ids)
+def generate_eventids1_h(ids)
   buf = "".dup
-  buf << %Q[static struct {\n]
+  buf << %Q[#ifndef RIPPER_EVENTIDS1\n]
+  buf << %Q[#define RIPPER_EVENTIDS1\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[void ripper_init_eventids1(void);\n]
+  buf << %Q[void ripper_init_eventids1_table(VALUE self);\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[struct ripper_parser_ids {\n]
   ids.each do |id, arity|
     buf << %Q[    ID id_#{id};\n]
   end
-  buf << %Q[} ripper_parser_ids;\n]
+  buf << %Q[};\n]
   buf << %Q[\n]
   ids.each do |id, arity|
     buf << %Q[#define ripper_id_#{id} ripper_parser_ids.id_#{id}\n]
   end
+  buf << %Q[#endif /* RIPPER_EVENTIDS1 */\n]
   buf << %Q[\n]
-  buf << %Q[static void\n]
+end
+
+def generate_eventids1(ids)
+  buf = "".dup
+  buf << %Q[#include "ruby/ruby.h"\n]
+  buf << %Q[#include "eventids1.h"\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[struct ripper_parser_ids ripper_parser_ids;\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[void\n]
   buf << %Q[ripper_init_eventids1(void)\n]
   buf << %Q[{\n]
   buf << %Q[#define set_id1(name) ripper_id_##name = rb_intern_const("on_"#name)\n]
@@ -88,7 +107,9 @@ def generate_eventids1(ids)
   end
   buf << %Q[}\n]
   buf << %Q[\n]
-  buf << %Q[static void\n]
+  buf << %Q[#define intern_sym(name) ID2SYM(rb_intern_const(name))\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[void\n]
   buf << %Q[ripper_init_eventids1_table(VALUE self)\n]
   buf << %Q[{\n]
   buf << %Q[    VALUE h = rb_hash_new();\n]
@@ -102,7 +123,11 @@ end
 
 def generate_eventids2_table(ids)
   buf = "".dup
-  buf << %Q[static void\n]
+  buf << %Q[#include "ruby/ruby.h"\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[#define intern_sym(name) ID2SYM(rb_intern_const(name))\n]
+  buf << %Q[\n]
+  buf << %Q[void\n]
   buf << %Q[ripper_init_eventids2_table(VALUE self)\n]
   buf << %Q[{\n]
   buf << %Q[    VALUE h = rb_hash_new();\n]
diff --git a/ext/ripper/tools/preproc.rb b/ext/ripper/tools/preproc.rb
index b838a78db7..a0d5e79d7d 100644
--- a/ext/ripper/tools/preproc.rb
+++ b/ext/ripper/tools/preproc.rb
@@ -5,11 +5,15 @@ require 'optparse'
 
 def main
   output = nil
+  template = nil
   parser = OptionParser.new
-  parser.banner = "Usage: #{File.basename($0)} [--output=PATH] <parse.y>"
+  parser.banner = "Usage: #{File.basename($0)} [--output=PATH] [--template=PATH] <parse.y>"
   parser.on('--output=PATH', 'An output file.') {|path|
     output = path
   }
+  parser.on('--template=PATH', 'An template file.') {|path|
+    template = path
+  }
   parser.on('--help', 'Prints this message and quit.') {
     puts parser.help
     exit true
@@ -17,28 +21,36 @@ def main
   begin
     parser.parse!
   rescue OptionParser::ParseError => err
-    $stderr.puts err.message
-    $stderr.puts parser.help
-    exit false
-  end
-  unless ARGV.size == 1
-    abort "wrong number of arguments (#{ARGV.size} for 1)"
+    warn err.message
+    abort parser.help
   end
   out = "".dup
-  File.open(ARGV[0]) {|f|
-    prelude f, out
-    grammar f, out
-    usercode f, out
-  }
-  if output
-    File.open(output, 'w') {|f|
-      f.write out
+  if ARGV[0] == "-"
+    unless ARGV.size == 2
+      abort "wrong number of arguments (#{ARGV.size} for 2)"
+    end
+    process STDIN, out, ARGV[1], template
+  else
+    unless ARGV.size == 1
+      abort "wrong number of arguments (#{ARGV.size} for 1)"
+    end
+    File.open(ARGV[0]) {|f|
+      process f, out, ARGV[0], template
     }
+  end
+  if output
+    File.write(output, out)
   else
     print out
   end
 end
 
+def process(f, out, path, template)
+  prelude f, out
+  grammar f, out
+  usercode f, out, path, template
+end
+
 def prelude(f, out)
   @exprs = {}
   lex_state_def = false
@@ -47,10 +59,9 @@ def prelude(f, out)
     when /\A%%/
       out << "%%\n"
       return
-    when /\A%token/
-      out << line.sub(/<\w+>/, '<val>')
-    when /\A%type/
-      out << line.sub(/<\w+>/, '<val>')
+    when /\A%token/, /\A%type/, /\A} <node(?>_\w+)?>/
+      # types in %union which have corresponding set_yylval_* macro.
+      out << line.sub(/<(?:node(?>_\w+)?|num|id)>/, '<val>')
     when /^enum lex_state_(?:bits|e) \{/
       lex_state_def = true
       out << line
@@ -95,13 +106,26 @@ def grammar(f, out)
   end
 end
 
-def usercode(f, out)
+def usercode(f, out, path, template)
   require 'erb'
+  lineno = nil
+  src = nil
   compiler = ERB::Compiler.new('%-')
   compiler.put_cmd = compiler.insert_cmd = "out.<<"
-  lineno = f.lineno
-  src, = compiler.compile(f.read)
-  eval(src, binding, f.path, lineno)
+
+  if template
+    File.open(template) do |f|
+      out.clear
+      lineno = f.lineno
+      src, = compiler.compile(f.read)
+      path = template
+    end
+  else
+    lineno = f.lineno
+    src, = compiler.compile(f.read)
+  end
+
+  eval(src, binding, path, lineno)
 end
 
 main
diff --git a/ext/socket/ancdata.c b/ext/socket/ancdata.c
index 071e3323bb..6ef040b692 100644
--- a/ext/socket/ancdata.c
+++ b/ext/socket/ancdata.c
@@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ bsock_sendmsg_internal(VALUE sock, VALUE data, VALUE vflags,
 
     if (ss == -1) {
         int e;
-        if (!nonblock && rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil)) {
+        if (!nonblock && rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
             rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
             goto retry;
         }
@@ -1555,9 +1555,13 @@ bsock_recvmsg_internal(VALUE sock,
 
     ss = rb_recvmsg(fptr->fd, &mh, flags);
 
+    if (ss == 0 && !rsock_is_dgram(fptr)) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+
     if (ss == -1) {
         int e;
-        if (!nonblock && rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil)) {
+        if (!nonblock && rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
             rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
             goto retry;
         }
diff --git a/ext/socket/basicsocket.c b/ext/socket/basicsocket.c
index 93196c924d..54c369f6fc 100644
--- a/ext/socket/basicsocket.c
+++ b/ext/socket/basicsocket.c
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ rsock_bsock_send(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE socket)
 
         if (n >= 0) return SSIZET2NUM(n);
 
-        if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, socket, Qnil)) {
+        if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, socket, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
             continue;
         }
 
diff --git a/ext/socket/depend b/ext/socket/depend
index ffe2fce844..3db153bb1c 100644
--- a/ext/socket/depend
+++ b/ext/socket/depend
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ constdefs.c: constdefs.h
 ancdata.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 ancdata.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -133,7 +135,6 @@ ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -164,7 +165,6 @@ ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -184,12 +184,20 @@ ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+ancdata.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -197,13 +205,24 @@ ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+ancdata.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 ancdata.o: ancdata.c
 ancdata.o: constdefs.h
 ancdata.o: rubysocket.h
 ancdata.o: sockport.h
+ancdata.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 basicsocket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 basicsocket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -256,6 +275,7 @@ basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -324,7 +344,6 @@ basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -355,7 +374,6 @@ basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -375,12 +393,20 @@ basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+basicsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -388,13 +414,24 @@ basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+basicsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 basicsocket.o: basicsocket.c
 basicsocket.o: constdefs.h
 basicsocket.o: rubysocket.h
 basicsocket.o: sockport.h
+basicsocket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 constants.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 constants.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -447,6 +484,7 @@ constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -515,7 +553,6 @@ constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -546,7 +583,6 @@ constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -566,12 +602,20 @@ constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+constants.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -579,14 +623,25 @@ constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+constants.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 constants.o: constants.c
 constants.o: constdefs.c
 constants.o: constdefs.h
 constants.o: rubysocket.h
 constants.o: sockport.h
+constants.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 ifaddr.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 ifaddr.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -639,6 +694,7 @@ ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -707,7 +763,6 @@ ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -738,7 +793,6 @@ ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -758,12 +812,20 @@ ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+ifaddr.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -771,13 +833,24 @@ ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+ifaddr.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 ifaddr.o: constdefs.h
 ifaddr.o: ifaddr.c
 ifaddr.o: rubysocket.h
 ifaddr.o: sockport.h
+ifaddr.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 init.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 init.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -830,6 +903,7 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -898,7 +972,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -929,7 +1002,6 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -949,12 +1021,20 @@ init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+init.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -962,13 +1042,24 @@ init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 init.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+init.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 init.o: constdefs.h
 init.o: init.c
 init.o: rubysocket.h
 init.o: sockport.h
+init.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 ipsocket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 ipsocket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -1021,6 +1112,7 @@ ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1089,7 +1181,6 @@ ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1120,7 +1211,6 @@ ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1140,12 +1230,20 @@ ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+ipsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1153,13 +1251,24 @@ ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+ipsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 ipsocket.o: constdefs.h
 ipsocket.o: ipsocket.c
 ipsocket.o: rubysocket.h
 ipsocket.o: sockport.h
+ipsocket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 option.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 option.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -1212,6 +1321,7 @@ option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1280,7 +1390,6 @@ option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1311,7 +1420,6 @@ option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1331,12 +1439,20 @@ option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+option.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1344,13 +1460,24 @@ option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 option.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+option.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 option.o: constdefs.h
 option.o: option.c
 option.o: rubysocket.h
 option.o: sockport.h
+option.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 raddrinfo.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -1403,6 +1530,7 @@ raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1471,7 +1599,6 @@ raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1502,7 +1629,6 @@ raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1522,12 +1648,20 @@ raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1535,13 +1669,24 @@ raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+raddrinfo.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 raddrinfo.o: constdefs.h
 raddrinfo.o: raddrinfo.c
 raddrinfo.o: rubysocket.h
 raddrinfo.o: sockport.h
+raddrinfo.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 socket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 socket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -1594,6 +1739,7 @@ socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1662,7 +1808,6 @@ socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1693,7 +1838,6 @@ socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1713,12 +1857,20 @@ socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+socket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1726,13 +1878,24 @@ socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+socket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 socket.o: constdefs.h
 socket.o: rubysocket.h
 socket.o: socket.c
 socket.o: sockport.h
+socket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 sockssocket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 sockssocket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -1785,6 +1948,7 @@ sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -1853,7 +2017,6 @@ sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -1884,7 +2047,6 @@ sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1904,12 +2066,20 @@ sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+sockssocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -1917,13 +2087,24 @@ sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+sockssocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 sockssocket.o: constdefs.h
 sockssocket.o: rubysocket.h
 sockssocket.o: sockport.h
 sockssocket.o: sockssocket.c
+sockssocket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 tcpserver.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 tcpserver.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -1976,6 +2157,7 @@ tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2044,7 +2226,6 @@ tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2075,7 +2256,6 @@ tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2095,12 +2275,20 @@ tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+tcpserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2108,13 +2296,24 @@ tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+tcpserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 tcpserver.o: constdefs.h
 tcpserver.o: rubysocket.h
 tcpserver.o: sockport.h
 tcpserver.o: tcpserver.c
+tcpserver.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 tcpsocket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -2167,6 +2366,7 @@ tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2235,7 +2435,6 @@ tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2266,7 +2465,6 @@ tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2286,12 +2484,20 @@ tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2299,13 +2505,24 @@ tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+tcpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 tcpsocket.o: constdefs.h
 tcpsocket.o: rubysocket.h
 tcpsocket.o: sockport.h
 tcpsocket.o: tcpsocket.c
+tcpsocket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 udpsocket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 udpsocket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -2358,6 +2575,7 @@ udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2426,7 +2644,6 @@ udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2457,7 +2674,6 @@ udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2477,12 +2693,20 @@ udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+udpsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2490,13 +2714,24 @@ udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+udpsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 udpsocket.o: constdefs.h
 udpsocket.o: rubysocket.h
 udpsocket.o: sockport.h
 udpsocket.o: udpsocket.c
+udpsocket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 unixserver.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 unixserver.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -2549,6 +2784,7 @@ unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2617,7 +2853,6 @@ unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2648,7 +2883,6 @@ unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2668,12 +2902,20 @@ unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+unixserver.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2681,13 +2923,24 @@ unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+unixserver.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 unixserver.o: constdefs.h
 unixserver.o: rubysocket.h
 unixserver.o: sockport.h
 unixserver.o: unixserver.c
+unixserver.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 unixsocket.o: $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)
 unixsocket.o: $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/assert.h
+unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/atomic.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/assume.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -2740,6 +2993,7 @@ unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -2808,7 +3062,6 @@ unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -2839,7 +3092,6 @@ unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2859,12 +3111,20 @@ unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/ruby.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/st.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/subst.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread.h
+unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/thread_native.h
 unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/util.h
+unixsocket.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/version.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/check_type/check_type.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/container_of/container_of.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/list/list.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ccan/str/str.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/array.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/basic_operators.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/compilers.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/error.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/gc.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/imemo.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/io.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/serial.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/static_assert.h
@@ -2872,8 +3132,18 @@ unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/string.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/thread.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/vm.h
 unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/internal/warnings.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/method.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/node.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_assert.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/ruby_atomic.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/rubyparser.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/shape.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/thread_pthread.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_core.h
+unixsocket.o: $(top_srcdir)/vm_opts.h
 unixsocket.o: constdefs.h
 unixsocket.o: rubysocket.h
 unixsocket.o: sockport.h
 unixsocket.o: unixsocket.c
+unixsocket.o: {$(VPATH)}id.h
 # AUTOGENERATED DEPENDENCIES END
diff --git a/ext/socket/extconf.rb b/ext/socket/extconf.rb
index b70a862414..d44ce31b0a 100644
--- a/ext/socket/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/socket/extconf.rb
@@ -316,6 +316,7 @@ end
   netpacket/packet.h
   net/ethernet.h
   sys/un.h
+  afunix.h
   ifaddrs.h
   sys/ioctl.h
   sys/sockio.h
@@ -326,6 +327,8 @@ end
   net/if_dl.h
   arpa/nameser.h
   resolv.h
+  pthread.h
+  sched.h
 ].each {|h|
   if have_header(h, headers)
     headers << h
@@ -346,10 +349,22 @@ have_type("struct sockaddr_storage", headers)
 
 have_type("struct addrinfo", headers)
 
-if have_type("socklen_t", headers)
-  if try_static_assert("sizeof(socklen_t) >= sizeof(long)", headers)
-    $defs << "-DRSTRING_SOCKLEN=(socklen_t)RSTRING_LEN"
+def check_socklen(headers)
+  def (fmt = "none").%(x)
+    x || self
+  end
+  s = checking_for("RSTRING_SOCKLEN", fmt) do
+    if try_static_assert("sizeof(socklen_t) >= sizeof(long)", headers)
+      "RSTRING_LEN"
+    else
+      "RSTRING_LENINT"
+    end
   end
+  $defs << "-DRSTRING_SOCKLEN=(socklen_t)"+s
+end
+
+if have_type("socklen_t", headers)
+  check_socklen(headers)
 end
 
 have_type("struct in_pktinfo", headers) {|src|
@@ -551,7 +566,7 @@ EOS
   end
 
   if !have_macro("IPPROTO_IPV6", headers) && have_const("IPPROTO_IPV6", headers)
-    IO.read(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "mkconstants.rb")).sub(/\A.*^__END__$/m, '').split(/\r?\n/).grep(/\AIPPROTO_\w*/){$&}.each {|name|
+    File.read(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "mkconstants.rb")).sub(/\A.*^__END__$/m, '').split(/\r?\n/).grep(/\AIPPROTO_\w*/){$&}.each {|name|
       have_const(name, headers) unless $defs.include?("-DHAVE_CONST_#{name.upcase}")
     }
   end
@@ -655,12 +670,20 @@ EOS
   end
 
   hdr = "netinet6/in6.h"
-  if /darwin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM and !try_compile(<<"SRC", nil, :werror=>true)
+  /darwin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM and
+  checking_for("if apple's #{hdr} needs s6_addr patch") {!try_compile(<<"SRC", nil, :werror=>true)} and
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 int t(struct in6_addr *addr) {return IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(addr);}
 SRC
-    print "fixing apple's netinet6/in6.h ..."; $stdout.flush
-    in6 = File.read("/usr/include/#{hdr}")
+  checking_for("fixing apple's #{hdr}", "%s") do
+    file = xpopen(%w"clang -include netinet/in.h -E -xc -", in: IO::NULL) do |f|
+      re = %r[^# *\d+ *"(.*/netinet/in\.h)"]
+      Logging.message "  grep(#{re})\n"
+      f.read[re, 1]
+    end
+    Logging.message "Substitute from #{file}\n"
+
+    in6 = File.read(file)
     if in6.gsub!(/\*\(const\s+__uint32_t\s+\*\)\(const\s+void\s+\*\)\(&(\(\w+\))->s6_addr\[(\d+)\]\)/) do
         i, r = $2.to_i.divmod(4)
         if r.zero?
@@ -670,13 +693,18 @@ SRC
         end
       end
       FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.dirname(hdr))
-      open(hdr, "w") {|f| f.write(in6)}
+      File.write(hdr, in6)
       $distcleanfiles << hdr
       $distcleandirs << File.dirname(hdr)
-      puts "done"
+      "done"
     else
-      puts "not needed"
+      "not needed"
     end
   end
+
+  have_func("pthread_create")
+  have_func("pthread_detach")
+
+  $VPATH << '$(topdir)' << '$(top_srcdir)'
   create_makefile("socket")
 end
diff --git a/ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c b/ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c
index 95a2feb3be..bf0d90129f 100644
--- a/ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c
+++ b/ext/socket/getaddrinfo.c
@@ -219,8 +219,7 @@ freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *ai)
 
         do {
                 next = ai->ai_next;
-                if (ai->ai_canonname)
-                        free(ai->ai_canonname);
+                free(ai->ai_canonname);
                 /* no need to free(ai->ai_addr) */
                 free(ai);
         } while ((ai = next) != NULL);
diff --git a/ext/socket/init.c b/ext/socket/init.c
index 0cff3d6794..dd1158e19d 100644
--- a/ext/socket/init.c
+++ b/ext/socket/init.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ VALUE rb_cSocket;
 VALUE rb_cAddrinfo;
 
 VALUE rb_eSocket;
+VALUE rb_eResolution;
 
 #ifdef SOCKS
 VALUE rb_cSOCKSSocket;
@@ -34,9 +35,10 @@ VALUE rb_cSOCKSSocket;
 
 int rsock_do_not_reverse_lookup = 1;
 static VALUE sym_wait_readable;
+static ID id_error_code;
 
 void
-rsock_raise_socket_error(const char *reason, int error)
+rsock_raise_resolution_error(const char *reason, int error)
 {
 #ifdef EAI_SYSTEM
     int e;
@@ -48,10 +50,14 @@ rsock_raise_socket_error(const char *reason, int error)
     VALUE msg = rb_sprintf("%s: ", reason);
     if (!enc) enc = rb_default_internal_encoding();
     rb_str_concat(msg, rb_w32_conv_from_wchar(gai_strerrorW(error), enc));
-    rb_exc_raise(rb_exc_new_str(rb_eSocket, msg));
 #else
-    rb_raise(rb_eSocket, "%s: %s", reason, gai_strerror(error));
+    VALUE msg = rb_sprintf("%s: %s", reason, gai_strerror(error));
 #endif
+
+    StringValue(msg);
+    VALUE self = rb_class_new_instance(1, &msg, rb_eResolution);
+    rb_ivar_set(self, id_error_code, INT2NUM(error));
+    rb_exc_raise(self);
 }
 
 #if defined __APPLE__
@@ -116,6 +122,7 @@ recvfrom_blocking(void *data)
     ssize_t ret;
     ret = recvfrom(arg->fd, RSTRING_PTR(arg->str), arg->length,
                    arg->flags, &arg->buf.addr, &arg->alen);
+
     if (ret != -1 && len0 < arg->alen)
         arg->alen = len0;
 
@@ -147,6 +154,18 @@ recvfrom_locktmp(VALUE v)
     return rb_thread_io_blocking_region(recvfrom_blocking, arg, arg->fd);
 }
 
+int
+rsock_is_dgram(rb_io_t *fptr)
+{
+    int socktype;
+    socklen_t optlen = (socklen_t)sizeof(socktype);
+    int ret = getsockopt(fptr->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE, (void*)&socktype, &optlen);
+    if (ret == -1) {
+        rb_sys_fail("getsockopt(SO_TYPE)");
+    }
+    return socktype == SOCK_DGRAM;
+}
+
 VALUE
 rsock_s_recvfrom(VALUE socket, int argc, VALUE *argv, enum sock_recv_type from)
 {
@@ -187,9 +206,12 @@ rsock_s_recvfrom(VALUE socket, int argc, VALUE *argv, enum sock_recv_type from)
 
         slen = (long)rb_str_locktmp_ensure(str, recvfrom_locktmp, (VALUE)&arg);
 
+        if (slen == 0 && !rsock_is_dgram(fptr)) {
+            return Qnil;
+        }
         if (slen >= 0) break;
 
-        if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, socket, Qnil))
+        if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, socket, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT))
             rb_sys_fail("recvfrom(2)");
     }
 
@@ -209,7 +231,7 @@ rsock_s_recvfrom(VALUE socket, int argc, VALUE *argv, enum sock_recv_type from)
         else
             return rb_assoc_new(str, Qnil);
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
       case RECV_UNIX:
         return rb_assoc_new(str, rsock_unixaddr(&arg.buf.un, arg.alen));
 #endif
@@ -259,6 +281,10 @@ rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock(VALUE sock, VALUE len, VALUE flg, VALUE str,
     if (slen != -1 && len0 < alen)
         alen = len0;
 
+    if (slen == 0 && !rsock_is_dgram(fptr)) {
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+
     if (slen < 0) {
         int e = errno;
         switch (e) {
@@ -392,7 +418,7 @@ rsock_write_nonblock(VALUE sock, VALUE str, VALUE ex)
         if (e == EWOULDBLOCK || e == EAGAIN) {
             if (ex == Qfalse) return sym_wait_writable;
             rb_readwrite_syserr_fail(RB_IO_WAIT_WRITABLE, e,
-                                    "write would block");
+                                     "write would block");
         }
         rb_syserr_fail_path(e, fptr->pathv);
     }
@@ -433,9 +459,9 @@ rsock_socket(int domain, int type, int proto)
 
     fd = rsock_socket0(domain, type, proto);
     if (fd < 0) {
-       if (rb_gc_for_fd(errno)) {
-           fd = rsock_socket0(domain, type, proto);
-       }
+        if (rb_gc_for_fd(errno)) {
+            fd = rsock_socket0(domain, type, proto);
+        }
     }
     if (0 <= fd)
         rb_update_max_fd(fd);
@@ -492,10 +518,10 @@ wait_connectable(int fd, struct timeval *timeout)
 
     switch (sockerr) {
       case 0:
-      /*
-       * be defensive in case some platforms set SO_ERROR on the original,
-       * interrupted connect()
-       */
+        /*
+         * be defensive in case some platforms set SO_ERROR on the original,
+         * interrupted connect()
+         */
 
         /* when the connection timed out, no errno is set and revents is 0. */
         if (timeout && revents == 0) {
@@ -681,9 +707,9 @@ rsock_s_accept(VALUE klass, VALUE io, struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t *len)
     RB_IO_POINTER(io, fptr);
 
     struct accept_arg accept_arg = {
-      .fd = fptr->fd,
-      .sockaddr = sockaddr,
-      .len = len
+        .fd = fptr->fd,
+        .sockaddr = sockaddr,
+        .len = len
     };
 
     int retry = 0, peer;
@@ -705,7 +731,7 @@ rsock_s_accept(VALUE klass, VALUE io, struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t *len)
             retry = 1;
             goto retry;
           default:
-            if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(error, io, Qnil)) break;
+            if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(error, io, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) break;
             retry = 0;
             goto retry;
         }
@@ -730,10 +756,10 @@ rsock_getfamily(rb_io_t *fptr)
     if (cached) {
         switch (cached) {
 #ifdef AF_UNIX
-            case FMODE_UNIX: return AF_UNIX;
+          case FMODE_UNIX: return AF_UNIX;
 #endif
-            case FMODE_INET: return AF_INET;
-            case FMODE_INET6: return AF_INET6;
+          case FMODE_INET: return AF_INET;
+          case FMODE_INET6: return AF_INET6;
         }
     }
 
@@ -752,6 +778,18 @@ rsock_getfamily(rb_io_t *fptr)
     return ss.addr.sa_family;
 }
 
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   error_code     -> integer
+ *
+ * Returns the raw error code occurred at name resolution.
+ */
+static VALUE
+sock_resolv_error_code(VALUE self)
+{
+    return rb_attr_get(self, id_error_code);
+}
+
 void
 rsock_init_socket_init(void)
 {
@@ -759,6 +797,11 @@ rsock_init_socket_init(void)
      * SocketError is the error class for socket.
      */
     rb_eSocket = rb_define_class("SocketError", rb_eStandardError);
+    /*
+     * ResolutionError is the error class for socket name resolution.
+     */
+    rb_eResolution = rb_define_class_under(rb_cSocket, "ResolutionError", rb_eSocket);
+    rb_define_method(rb_eResolution, "error_code", sock_resolv_error_code, 0);
     rsock_init_ipsocket();
     rsock_init_tcpsocket();
     rsock_init_tcpserver();
@@ -772,6 +815,8 @@ rsock_init_socket_init(void)
     rsock_init_sockifaddr();
     rsock_init_socket_constants();
 
+    id_error_code = rb_intern_const("error_code");
+
 #undef rb_intern
     sym_wait_readable = ID2SYM(rb_intern("wait_readable"));
 
diff --git a/ext/socket/lib/socket.rb b/ext/socket/lib/socket.rb
index d756a32a5a..de542223c6 100644
--- a/ext/socket/lib/socket.rb
+++ b/ext/socket/lib/socket.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require 'socket.so'
-require 'io/wait'
+
+unless IO.method_defined?(:wait_writable, false)
+  # It's only required on older Rubies < v3.2:
+  require 'io/wait'
+end
 
 class Addrinfo
   # creates an Addrinfo object from the arguments.
@@ -197,7 +201,7 @@ class Addrinfo
     sock = Socket.new(self.pfamily, self.socktype, self.protocol)
     begin
       sock.ipv6only! if self.ipv6?
-      sock.setsockopt(:SOCKET, :REUSEADDR, 1)
+      sock.setsockopt(:SOCKET, :REUSEADDR, 1) unless self.pfamily == Socket::PF_UNIX
       sock.bind(self)
       sock.listen(backlog)
     rescue Exception
@@ -329,9 +333,10 @@ class BasicSocket < IO
   # _flags_ is zero or more of the +MSG_+ options.
   # The result, _mesg_, is the data received.
   #
-  # When recvfrom(2) returns 0, Socket#recv_nonblock returns
-  # an empty string as data.
-  # The meaning depends on the socket: EOF on TCP, empty packet on UDP, etc.
+  # When recvfrom(2) returns 0, Socket#recv_nonblock returns nil.
+  # In most cases it means the connection was closed, but for UDP connections
+  # it may mean an empty packet was received, as the underlying API makes
+  # it impossible to distinguish these two cases.
   #
   # === Parameters
   # * +maxlen+ - the number of bytes to receive from the socket
@@ -476,9 +481,10 @@ class Socket < BasicSocket
   # The second element, _sender_addrinfo_, contains protocol-specific address
   # information of the sender.
   #
-  # When recvfrom(2) returns 0, Socket#recvfrom_nonblock returns
-  # an empty string as data.
-  # The meaning depends on the socket: EOF on TCP, empty packet on UDP, etc.
+  # When recvfrom(2) returns 0, Socket#recv_nonblock returns nil.
+  # In most cases it means the connection was closed, but for UDP connections
+  # it may mean an empty packet was received, as the underlying API makes
+  # it impossible to distinguish these two cases.
   #
   # === Parameters
   # * +maxlen+ - the maximum number of bytes to receive from the socket
@@ -606,7 +612,6 @@ class Socket < BasicSocket
   # _opts_ may have following options:
   #
   # [:connect_timeout] specify the timeout in seconds.
-  # [:resolv_timeout] specify the name resolution timeout in seconds.
   #
   # If a block is given, the block is called with the socket.
   # The value of the block is returned.
@@ -1226,9 +1231,10 @@ class UDPSocket < IPSocket
   # The first element of the results, _mesg_, is the data received.
   # The second element, _sender_inet_addr_, is an array to represent the sender address.
   #
-  # When recvfrom(2) returns 0,
-  # Socket#recvfrom_nonblock returns an empty string as data.
-  # It means an empty packet.
+  # When recvfrom(2) returns 0, Socket#recv_nonblock returns nil.
+  # In most cases it means the connection was closed, but it may also mean
+  # an empty packet was received, as the underlying API makes
+  # it impossible to distinguish these two cases.
   #
   # === Parameters
   # * +maxlen+ - the number of bytes to receive from the socket
diff --git a/ext/socket/mkconstants.rb b/ext/socket/mkconstants.rb
index 577958a358..ba7a55b426 100644
--- a/ext/socket/mkconstants.rb
+++ b/ext/socket/mkconstants.rb
@@ -51,7 +51,10 @@ DATA.each_line {|s|
     next
   end
   h[name] = default_value
-  COMMENTS[name] = comment
+  if comment
+    # Stop unintentional references
+    COMMENTS[name] = comment.gsub(/\b(Data|Kernel|Process|Set|Socket|Time)\b/, '\\\\\\&')
+  end
 }
 DEFS = h.to_a
 
@@ -423,8 +426,8 @@ AF_ISDN	nil	Integrated Services Digital Network
 PF_ISDN	nil	Integrated Services Digital Network
 AF_NATM	nil	Native ATM access
 PF_NATM	nil	Native ATM access
-AF_SYSTEM
-PF_SYSTEM
+AF_SYSTEM	nil	Kernel event messages
+PF_SYSTEM	nil	Kernel event messages
 AF_NETBIOS	nil	NetBIOS
 PF_NETBIOS	nil	NetBIOS
 AF_PPP	nil	Point-to-Point Protocol
@@ -440,8 +443,8 @@ PF_PACKET	nil	Direct link-layer access
 
 AF_E164	nil	CCITT (ITU-T) E.164 recommendation
 PF_XTP	nil	eXpress Transfer Protocol
-PF_RTIP
-PF_PIP
+PF_RTIP	nil	Help Identify RTIP packets
+PF_PIP	nil	Help Identify PIP packets
 AF_KEY	nil	Key management protocol, originally developed for usage with IPsec
 PF_KEY	nil	Key management protocol, originally developed for usage with IPsec
 AF_NETLINK	nil	Kernel user interface device
@@ -626,6 +629,7 @@ SO_SNDTIMEO	nil	Send timeout
 SO_ACCEPTCONN	nil	Socket has had listen() called on it
 SO_USELOOPBACK	nil	Bypass hardware when possible
 SO_ACCEPTFILTER	nil	There is an accept filter
+SO_USER_COOKIE	nil	Setting an identifier for ipfw purpose mainly
 SO_DONTTRUNC	nil	Retain unread data
 SO_WANTMORE	nil	Give a hint when more data is ready
 SO_WANTOOBFLAG	nil	OOB data is wanted in MSG_FLAG on receive
@@ -661,6 +665,10 @@ SO_SELECT_ERR_QUEUE     nil     Make select() detect socket error queue with err
 SO_BUSY_POLL    nil     Set the threshold in microseconds for low latency polling (Linux 3.11)
 SO_MAX_PACING_RATE      nil     Cap the rate computed by transport layer. [bytes per second] (Linux 3.13)
 SO_BPF_EXTENSIONS       nil     Query supported BPF extensions (Linux 3.14)
+SO_SETFIB       nil     Set the associated routing table for the socket (FreeBSD)
+SO_RTABLE               nil     Set the routing table for this socket (OpenBSD)
+SO_INCOMING_CPU         nil     Receive the cpu attached to the socket (Linux 3.19)
+SO_INCOMING_NAPI_ID     nil     Receive the napi ID attached to a RX queue (Linux 4.12)
 
 SOPRI_INTERACTIVE	nil	Interactive socket priority
 SOPRI_NORMAL	nil	Normal socket priority
@@ -670,9 +678,11 @@ IPX_TYPE
 
 TCP_NODELAY	nil	Don't delay sending to coalesce packets
 TCP_MAXSEG	nil	Set maximum segment size
+TCP_CONNECTION_INFO     nil     Retrieve information about this socket (macOS)
 TCP_CORK	nil	Don't send partial frames (Linux 2.2, glibc 2.2)
 TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT	nil	Don't notify a listening socket until data is ready (Linux 2.4, glibc 2.2)
 TCP_INFO	nil	Retrieve information about this socket (Linux 2.4, glibc 2.2)
+TCP_KEEPALIVE	nil	Idle time before keepalive probes are sent (macOS)
 TCP_KEEPCNT	nil	Maximum number of keepalive probes allowed before dropping a connection (Linux 2.4, glibc 2.2)
 TCP_KEEPIDLE	nil	Idle time before keepalive probes are sent (Linux 2.4, glibc 2.2)
 TCP_KEEPINTVL	nil	Time between keepalive probes (Linux 2.4, glibc 2.2)
diff --git a/ext/socket/option.c b/ext/socket/option.c
index 2dbe6379c4..0d818d0c70 100644
--- a/ext/socket/option.c
+++ b/ext/socket/option.c
@@ -670,10 +670,10 @@ rb_if_indextoname(const char *succ_prefix, const char *fail_prefix, unsigned int
 {
 #if defined(HAVE_IF_INDEXTONAME)
     char ifbuf[IFNAMSIZ];
-    if (if_indextoname(ifindex, ifbuf) == NULL)
-        return snprintf(buf, len, "%s%u", fail_prefix, ifindex);
-    else
+    if (if_indextoname(ifindex, ifbuf))
         return snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s", succ_prefix, ifbuf);
+    else
+        return snprintf(buf, len, "%s%u", fail_prefix, ifindex);
 #else
 #   ifndef IFNAMSIZ
 #       define IFNAMSIZ (sizeof(unsigned int)*3+1)
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ sockopt_inspect(VALUE self)
         else
             rb_str_catf(ret, " optname:%d", optname);
     }
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
     else if (family == AF_UNIX) {
         rb_str_catf(ret, " level:%d", level);
 
@@ -1393,7 +1393,7 @@ sockopt_inspect(VALUE self)
         }
         break;
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
       case AF_UNIX:
         switch (level) {
           case 0:
diff --git a/ext/socket/raddrinfo.c b/ext/socket/raddrinfo.c
index b914aa6520..cdb785f268 100644
--- a/ext/socket/raddrinfo.c
+++ b/ext/socket/raddrinfo.c
@@ -10,6 +10,22 @@
 
 #include "rubysocket.h"
 
+// GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 0 : call getaddrinfo/getnameinfo directly
+// GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 1 : call getaddrinfo/getnameinfo without gvl (but uncancellable)
+// GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 2 : call getaddrinfo/getnameinfo in a dedicated pthread
+//                         (and if the call is interrupted, the pthread is detached)
+
+#ifndef GETADDRINFO_IMPL
+#  ifdef GETADDRINFO_EMU
+#    define GETADDRINFO_IMPL 0
+#  elif !defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_CREATE) || !defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_DETACH) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)
+#    define GETADDRINFO_IMPL 1
+#  else
+#    define GETADDRINFO_IMPL 2
+#    include "ruby/thread_native.h"
+#  endif
+#endif
+
 #if defined(INET6) && (defined(LOOKUP_ORDER_HACK_INET) || defined(LOOKUP_ORDER_HACK_INET6))
 #define LOOKUP_ORDERS (sizeof(lookup_order_table) / sizeof(lookup_order_table[0]))
 static const int lookup_order_table[] = {
@@ -173,32 +189,6 @@ parse_numeric_port(const char *service, int *portp)
 }
 #endif
 
-#ifndef GETADDRINFO_EMU
-struct getaddrinfo_arg
-{
-    const char *node;
-    const char *service;
-    const struct addrinfo *hints;
-    struct addrinfo **res;
-};
-
-static void *
-nogvl_getaddrinfo(void *arg)
-{
-    int ret;
-    struct getaddrinfo_arg *ptr = arg;
-    ret = getaddrinfo(ptr->node, ptr->service, ptr->hints, ptr->res);
-#ifdef __linux__
-    /* On Linux (mainly Ubuntu 13.04) /etc/nsswitch.conf has mdns4 and
-     * it cause getaddrinfo to return EAI_SYSTEM/ENOENT. [ruby-list:49420]
-     */
-    if (ret == EAI_SYSTEM && errno == ENOENT)
-        ret = EAI_NONAME;
-#endif
-    return (void *)(VALUE)ret;
-}
-#endif
-
 static int
 numeric_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
         const struct addrinfo *hints,
@@ -302,7 +292,263 @@ rb_freeaddrinfo(struct rb_addrinfo *ai)
     xfree(ai);
 }
 
-#ifndef GETADDRINFO_EMU
+#if GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 0
+
+static int
+rb_getaddrinfo(const char *hostp, const char *portp, const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **ai)
+{
+    return getaddrinfo(hostp, portp, hints, ai);
+}
+
+#elif GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 1
+
+struct getaddrinfo_arg
+{
+    const char *node;
+    const char *service;
+    const struct addrinfo *hints;
+    struct addrinfo **res;
+};
+
+static void *
+nogvl_getaddrinfo(void *arg)
+{
+    int ret;
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg *ptr = arg;
+    ret = getaddrinfo(ptr->node, ptr->service, ptr->hints, ptr->res);
+#ifdef __linux__
+    /* On Linux (mainly Ubuntu 13.04) /etc/nsswitch.conf has mdns4 and
+     * it cause getaddrinfo to return EAI_SYSTEM/ENOENT. [ruby-list:49420]
+     */
+    if (ret == EAI_SYSTEM && errno == ENOENT)
+        ret = EAI_NONAME;
+#endif
+    return (void *)(VALUE)ret;
+}
+
+static int
+rb_getaddrinfo(const char *hostp, const char *portp, const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **ai)
+{
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg arg;
+    MEMZERO(&arg, struct getaddrinfo_arg, 1);
+    arg.node = hostp;
+    arg.service = portp;
+    arg.hints = hints;
+    arg.res = ai;
+    return (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_getaddrinfo, &arg, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
+}
+
+#elif GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 2
+
+struct getaddrinfo_arg
+{
+    char *node, *service;
+    struct addrinfo hints;
+    struct addrinfo *ai;
+    int err, gai_errno, refcount, done, cancelled;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_t lock;
+    rb_nativethread_cond_t cond;
+};
+
+static struct getaddrinfo_arg *
+allocate_getaddrinfo_arg(const char *hostp, const char *portp, const struct addrinfo *hints)
+{
+    size_t hostp_offset = sizeof(struct getaddrinfo_arg);
+    size_t portp_offset = hostp_offset + (hostp ? strlen(hostp) + 1 : 0);
+    size_t bufsize = portp_offset + (portp ? strlen(portp) + 1 : 0);
+
+    char *buf = malloc(bufsize);
+    if (!buf) {
+        rb_gc();
+        buf = malloc(bufsize);
+        if (!buf) return NULL;
+    }
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg *arg = (struct getaddrinfo_arg *)buf;
+
+    if (hostp) {
+        arg->node = buf + hostp_offset;
+        strcpy(arg->node, hostp);
+    }
+    else {
+        arg->node = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (portp) {
+        arg->service = buf + portp_offset;
+        strcpy(arg->service, portp);
+    }
+    else {
+        arg->service = NULL;
+    }
+
+    arg->hints = *hints;
+    arg->ai = NULL;
+
+    arg->refcount = 2;
+    arg->done = arg->cancelled = 0;
+
+    rb_nativethread_lock_initialize(&arg->lock);
+    rb_native_cond_initialize(&arg->cond);
+
+    return arg;
+}
+
+static void
+free_getaddrinfo_arg(struct getaddrinfo_arg *arg)
+{
+    rb_native_cond_destroy(&arg->cond);
+    rb_nativethread_lock_destroy(&arg->lock);
+    free(arg);
+}
+
+static void *
+do_getaddrinfo(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg *arg = (struct getaddrinfo_arg *)ptr;
+
+    int err, gai_errno;
+    err = getaddrinfo(arg->node, arg->service, &arg->hints, &arg->ai);
+    gai_errno = errno;
+#ifdef __linux__
+    /* On Linux (mainly Ubuntu 13.04) /etc/nsswitch.conf has mdns4 and
+     * it cause getaddrinfo to return EAI_SYSTEM/ENOENT. [ruby-list:49420]
+     */
+    if (err == EAI_SYSTEM && errno == ENOENT)
+        err = EAI_NONAME;
+#endif
+
+    int need_free = 0;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    {
+        arg->err = err;
+        arg->gai_errno = gai_errno;
+        if (arg->cancelled) {
+            freeaddrinfo(arg->ai);
+        }
+        else {
+            arg->done = 1;
+            rb_native_cond_signal(&arg->cond);
+        }
+        if (--arg->refcount == 0) need_free = 1;
+    }
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+
+    if (need_free) free_getaddrinfo_arg(arg);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void *
+wait_getaddrinfo(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg *arg = (struct getaddrinfo_arg *)ptr;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    while (!arg->done && !arg->cancelled) {
+        rb_native_cond_wait(&arg->cond, &arg->lock);
+    }
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+cancel_getaddrinfo(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg *arg = (struct getaddrinfo_arg *)ptr;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    {
+        arg->cancelled = 1;
+        rb_native_cond_signal(&arg->cond);
+    }
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+}
+
+static int
+do_pthread_create(pthread_t *th, void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg)
+{
+    int limit = 3, ret;
+    do {
+        // It is said that pthread_create may fail spuriously, so we follow the JDK and retry several times.
+        //
+        // https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8268605
+        // https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/commit/e35005d5ce383ddd108096a3079b17cb0bcf76f1
+        ret = pthread_create(th, 0, start_routine, arg);
+    } while (ret == EAGAIN && limit-- > 0);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+rb_getaddrinfo(const char *hostp, const char *portp, const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **ai)
+{
+    int retry;
+    struct getaddrinfo_arg *arg;
+    int err, gai_errno;
+
+start:
+    retry = 0;
+
+    arg = allocate_getaddrinfo_arg(hostp, portp, hints);
+    if (!arg) {
+        return EAI_MEMORY;
+    }
+
+    pthread_t th;
+    if (do_pthread_create(&th, do_getaddrinfo, arg) != 0) {
+        free_getaddrinfo_arg(arg);
+        return EAI_AGAIN;
+    }
+    pthread_detach(th);
+
+    rb_thread_call_without_gvl2(wait_getaddrinfo, arg, cancel_getaddrinfo, arg);
+
+    int need_free = 0;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    {
+        if (arg->done) {
+            err = arg->err;
+            gai_errno = arg->gai_errno;
+            if (err == 0) *ai = arg->ai;
+        }
+        else if (arg->cancelled) {
+            err = EAI_AGAIN;
+        }
+        else {
+            // If already interrupted, rb_thread_call_without_gvl2 may return without calling wait_getaddrinfo.
+            // In this case, it could be !arg->done && !arg->cancelled.
+            arg->cancelled = 1; // to make do_getaddrinfo call freeaddrinfo
+            retry = 1;
+        }
+        if (--arg->refcount == 0) need_free = 1;
+    }
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+
+    if (need_free) free_getaddrinfo_arg(arg);
+
+    // If the current thread is interrupted by asynchronous exception, the following raises the exception.
+    // But if the current thread is interrupted by timer thread, the following returns; we need to manually retry.
+    rb_thread_check_ints();
+    if (retry) goto start;
+
+    /* Because errno is threadlocal, the errno value we got from the call to getaddrinfo() in the thread
+     * (in case of EAI_SYSTEM return value) is not propagated to the caller of _this_ function. Set errno
+     * explicitly, as round-tripped through struct getaddrinfo_arg, to deal with that */
+    errno = gai_errno;
+    return err;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 0
+
+int
+rb_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
+           char *host, size_t hostlen,
+           char *serv, size_t servlen, int flags)
+{
+    return getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
+}
+
+#elif GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 1
+
 struct getnameinfo_arg
 {
     const struct sockaddr *sa;
@@ -323,16 +569,11 @@ nogvl_getnameinfo(void *arg)
                                       ptr->serv, (socklen_t)ptr->servlen,
                                       ptr->flags);
 }
-#endif
-
 int
 rb_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
-           char *host, size_t hostlen,
-           char *serv, size_t servlen, int flags)
+               char *host, size_t hostlen,
+               char *serv, size_t servlen, int flags)
 {
-#ifdef GETADDRINFO_EMU
-    return getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
-#else
     struct getnameinfo_arg arg;
     int ret;
     arg.sa = sa;
@@ -344,17 +585,185 @@ rb_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
     arg.flags = flags;
     ret = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_getnameinfo, &arg, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
     return ret;
-#endif
+}
+
+#elif GETADDRINFO_IMPL == 2
+
+struct getnameinfo_arg
+{
+    struct sockaddr *sa;
+    socklen_t salen;
+    int flags;
+    char *host;
+    size_t hostlen;
+    char *serv;
+    size_t servlen;
+    int err, gni_errno, refcount, done, cancelled;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_t lock;
+    rb_nativethread_cond_t cond;
+};
+
+static struct getnameinfo_arg *
+allocate_getnameinfo_arg(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen, size_t hostlen, size_t servlen, int flags)
+{
+    size_t sa_offset = sizeof(struct getnameinfo_arg);
+    size_t host_offset = sa_offset + salen;
+    size_t serv_offset = host_offset + hostlen;
+    size_t bufsize = serv_offset + servlen;
+
+    char *buf = malloc(bufsize);
+    if (!buf) {
+        rb_gc();
+        buf = malloc(bufsize);
+        if (!buf) return NULL;
+    }
+    struct getnameinfo_arg *arg = (struct getnameinfo_arg *)buf;
+
+    arg->sa = (struct sockaddr *)(buf + sa_offset);
+    memcpy(arg->sa, sa, salen);
+    arg->salen = salen;
+    arg->host = buf + host_offset;
+    arg->hostlen = hostlen;
+    arg->serv = buf + serv_offset;
+    arg->servlen = servlen;
+    arg->flags = flags;
+
+    arg->refcount = 2;
+    arg->done = arg->cancelled = 0;
+
+    rb_nativethread_lock_initialize(&arg->lock);
+    rb_native_cond_initialize(&arg->cond);
+
+    return arg;
+}
+
+static void
+free_getnameinfo_arg(struct getnameinfo_arg *arg)
+{
+    rb_native_cond_destroy(&arg->cond);
+    rb_nativethread_lock_destroy(&arg->lock);
+
+    free(arg);
+}
+
+static void *
+do_getnameinfo(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct getnameinfo_arg *arg = (struct getnameinfo_arg *)ptr;
+
+    int err, gni_errno;
+    err = getnameinfo(arg->sa, arg->salen, arg->host, (socklen_t)arg->hostlen, arg->serv, (socklen_t)arg->servlen, arg->flags);
+    gni_errno = errno;
+
+    int need_free = 0;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    arg->err = err;
+    arg->gni_errno = gni_errno;
+    if (!arg->cancelled) {
+        arg->done = 1;
+        rb_native_cond_signal(&arg->cond);
+    }
+    if (--arg->refcount == 0) need_free = 1;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+
+    if (need_free) free_getnameinfo_arg(arg);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void *
+wait_getnameinfo(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct getnameinfo_arg *arg = (struct getnameinfo_arg *)ptr;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    while (!arg->done && !arg->cancelled) {
+        rb_native_cond_wait(&arg->cond, &arg->lock);
+    }
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
+cancel_getnameinfo(void *ptr)
+{
+    struct getnameinfo_arg *arg = (struct getnameinfo_arg *)ptr;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    arg->cancelled = 1;
+    rb_native_cond_signal(&arg->cond);
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+}
+
+int
+rb_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
+               char *host, size_t hostlen,
+               char *serv, size_t servlen, int flags)
+{
+    int retry;
+    struct getnameinfo_arg *arg;
+    int err, gni_errno;
+
+start:
+    retry = 0;
+
+    arg = allocate_getnameinfo_arg(sa, salen, hostlen, servlen, flags);
+    if (!arg) {
+        return EAI_MEMORY;
+    }
+
+    pthread_t th;
+    if (do_pthread_create(&th, do_getnameinfo, arg) != 0) {
+        free_getnameinfo_arg(arg);
+        return EAI_AGAIN;
+    }
+    pthread_detach(th);
+
+    rb_thread_call_without_gvl2(wait_getnameinfo, arg, cancel_getnameinfo, arg);
+
+    int need_free = 0;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_lock(&arg->lock);
+    if (arg->done) {
+        err = arg->err;
+        gni_errno = arg->gni_errno;
+        if (err == 0) {
+            if (host) memcpy(host, arg->host, hostlen);
+            if (serv) memcpy(serv, arg->serv, servlen);
+        }
+    }
+    else if (arg->cancelled) {
+        err = EAI_AGAIN;
+    }
+    else {
+        // If already interrupted, rb_thread_call_without_gvl2 may return without calling wait_getnameinfo.
+        // In this case, it could be !arg->done && !arg->cancelled.
+        arg->cancelled = 1;
+        retry = 1;
+    }
+    if (--arg->refcount == 0) need_free = 1;
+    rb_nativethread_lock_unlock(&arg->lock);
+
+    if (need_free) free_getnameinfo_arg(arg);
+
+    // If the current thread is interrupted by asynchronous exception, the following raises the exception.
+    // But if the current thread is interrupted by timer thread, the following returns; we need to manually retry.
+    rb_thread_check_ints();
+    if (retry) goto start;
+
+    /* Make sure we copy the thread-local errno value from the getnameinfo thread back to this thread, so
+     * calling code sees the correct errno */
+    errno = gni_errno;
+    return err;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static void
 make_ipaddr0(struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
     int error;
 
     error = rb_getnameinfo(addr, addrlen, buf, buflen, NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
     if (error) {
-        rsock_raise_socket_error("getnameinfo", error);
+        rsock_raise_resolution_error("getnameinfo", error);
     }
 }
 
@@ -550,17 +959,7 @@ rsock_getaddrinfo(VALUE host, VALUE port, struct addrinfo *hints, int socktype_h
         }
 
         if (!resolved) {
-#ifdef GETADDRINFO_EMU
-            error = getaddrinfo(hostp, portp, hints, &ai);
-#else
-            struct getaddrinfo_arg arg;
-            MEMZERO(&arg, struct getaddrinfo_arg, 1);
-            arg.node = hostp;
-            arg.service = portp;
-            arg.hints = hints;
-            arg.res = &ai;
-            error = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_getaddrinfo, &arg, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
-#endif
+            error = rb_getaddrinfo(hostp, portp, hints, &ai);
             if (error == 0) {
                 res = (struct rb_addrinfo *)xmalloc(sizeof(struct rb_addrinfo));
                 res->allocated_by_malloc = 0;
@@ -573,7 +972,7 @@ rsock_getaddrinfo(VALUE host, VALUE port, struct addrinfo *hints, int socktype_h
         if (hostp && hostp[strlen(hostp)-1] == '\n') {
             rb_raise(rb_eSocket, "newline at the end of hostname");
         }
-        rsock_raise_socket_error("getaddrinfo", error);
+        rsock_raise_resolution_error("getaddrinfo", error);
     }
 
     return res;
@@ -618,8 +1017,7 @@ rsock_ipaddr(struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t sockaddrlen, int norevlookup)
         family = rb_str_dup(rb_id2str(id));
     }
     else {
-        sprintf(pbuf, "unknown:%d", sockaddr->sa_family);
-        family = rb_str_new2(pbuf);
+        family = rb_sprintf("unknown:%d", sockaddr->sa_family);
     }
 
     addr1 = Qnil;
@@ -633,7 +1031,7 @@ rsock_ipaddr(struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t sockaddrlen, int norevlookup)
     error = rb_getnameinfo(sockaddr, sockaddrlen, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf),
                            pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);
     if (error) {
-        rsock_raise_socket_error("getnameinfo", error);
+        rsock_raise_resolution_error("getnameinfo", error);
     }
     addr2 = rb_str_new2(hbuf);
     if (addr1 == Qnil) {
@@ -645,7 +1043,7 @@ rsock_ipaddr(struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t sockaddrlen, int norevlookup)
     return ary;
 }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 static long
 unixsocket_len(const struct sockaddr_un *su, socklen_t socklen)
 {
@@ -1018,7 +1416,7 @@ addrinfo_list_new(VALUE node, VALUE service, VALUE family, VALUE socktype, VALUE
 }
 
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 static void
 init_unix_addrinfo(rb_addrinfo_t *rai, VALUE path, int socktype)
 {
@@ -1147,7 +1545,7 @@ addrinfo_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
             break;
           }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
           case AF_UNIX: /* ["AF_UNIX", "/tmp/sock"] */
           {
             VALUE path = rb_ary_entry(sockaddr_ary, 1);
@@ -1267,11 +1665,11 @@ rsock_inspect_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sockaddr_arg, socklen_t socklen, VALUE r
                  * RFC 4007: IPv6 Scoped Address Architecture
                  * draft-ietf-ipv6-scope-api-00.txt: Scoped Address Extensions to the IPv6 Basic Socket API
                  */
-                error = getnameinfo(&sockaddr->addr, socklen,
-                                    hbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0,
-                                    NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV);
+                error = rb_getnameinfo(&sockaddr->addr, socklen,
+                                       hbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0,
+                                       NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV);
                 if (error) {
-                    rsock_raise_socket_error("getnameinfo", error);
+                    rsock_raise_resolution_error("getnameinfo", error);
                 }
                 if (addr->sin6_port == 0) {
                     rb_str_cat2(ret, hbuf);
@@ -1287,7 +1685,7 @@ rsock_inspect_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sockaddr_arg, socklen_t socklen, VALUE r
           }
 #endif
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
           case AF_UNIX:
           {
             struct sockaddr_un *addr = &sockaddr->un;
@@ -1623,7 +2021,7 @@ addrinfo_mdump(VALUE self)
     afamily = rb_id2str(id);
 
     switch(afamily_int) {
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
       case AF_UNIX:
       {
         sockaddr = rb_str_new(rai->addr.un.sun_path, rai_unixsocket_len(rai));
@@ -1635,11 +2033,11 @@ addrinfo_mdump(VALUE self)
       {
         char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST], pbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
         int error;
-        error = getnameinfo(&rai->addr.addr, rai->sockaddr_len,
-                            hbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), pbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(pbuf),
-                            NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV);
+        error = rb_getnameinfo(&rai->addr.addr, rai->sockaddr_len,
+                               hbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), pbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(pbuf),
+                               NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV);
         if (error) {
-            rsock_raise_socket_error("getnameinfo", error);
+            rsock_raise_resolution_error("getnameinfo", error);
         }
         sockaddr = rb_assoc_new(rb_str_new_cstr(hbuf), rb_str_new_cstr(pbuf));
         break;
@@ -1716,7 +2114,7 @@ addrinfo_mload(VALUE self, VALUE ary)
 
     v = rb_ary_entry(ary, 1);
     switch(afamily) {
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
       case AF_UNIX:
       {
         struct sockaddr_un uaddr;
@@ -1981,11 +2379,11 @@ addrinfo_getnameinfo(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     if (rai->socktype == SOCK_DGRAM)
         flags |= NI_DGRAM;
 
-    error = getnameinfo(&rai->addr.addr, rai->sockaddr_len,
-                        hbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), pbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(pbuf),
-                        flags);
+    error = rb_getnameinfo(&rai->addr.addr, rai->sockaddr_len,
+                           hbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), pbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(pbuf),
+                           flags);
     if (error) {
-        rsock_raise_socket_error("getnameinfo", error);
+        rsock_raise_resolution_error("getnameinfo", error);
     }
 
     return rb_assoc_new(rb_str_new2(hbuf), rb_str_new2(pbuf));
@@ -2192,7 +2590,7 @@ addrinfo_ipv6_multicast_p(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * Returns true for IPv6 link local address (ff80::/10).
+ * Returns true for IPv6 link local address (fe80::/10).
  * It returns false otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -2204,7 +2602,7 @@ addrinfo_ipv6_linklocal_p(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * Returns true for IPv6 site local address (ffc0::/10).
+ * Returns true for IPv6 site local address (fec0::/10).
  * It returns false otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -2344,7 +2742,7 @@ addrinfo_ipv6_to_ipv4(VALUE self)
 
 #endif
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   addrinfo.unix_path => path
@@ -2492,7 +2890,7 @@ addrinfo_s_udp(VALUE self, VALUE host, VALUE port)
             INT2NUM(PF_UNSPEC), INT2NUM(SOCK_DGRAM), INT2NUM(IPPROTO_UDP), INT2FIX(0));
 }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -2615,12 +3013,12 @@ rsock_io_socket_addrinfo(VALUE io, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t len)
 void
 rsock_init_addrinfo(void)
 {
+    id_timeout = rb_intern("timeout");
+
     /*
      * The Addrinfo class maps <tt>struct addrinfo</tt> to ruby.  This
      * structure identifies an Internet host and a service.
      */
-    id_timeout = rb_intern("timeout");
-
     rb_cAddrinfo = rb_define_class("Addrinfo", rb_cObject);
     rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cAddrinfo, addrinfo_s_allocate);
     rb_define_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "initialize", addrinfo_initialize, -1);
@@ -2630,7 +3028,7 @@ rsock_init_addrinfo(void)
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "ip", addrinfo_s_ip, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "tcp", addrinfo_s_tcp, 2);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "udp", addrinfo_s_udp, 2);
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "unix", addrinfo_s_unix, -1);
 #endif
 
@@ -2671,7 +3069,7 @@ rsock_init_addrinfo(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "ipv6_to_ipv4", addrinfo_ipv6_to_ipv4, 0);
 #endif
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
     rb_define_method(rb_cAddrinfo, "unix_path", addrinfo_unix_path, 0);
 #endif
 
diff --git a/ext/socket/rubysocket.h b/ext/socket/rubysocket.h
index 9ec893ee8c..283735b12c 100644
--- a/ext/socket/rubysocket.h
+++ b/ext/socket/rubysocket.h
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@
 #endif
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
+#  include <winsock2.h>
+#  include <ws2tcpip.h>
+#  include <iphlpapi.h>
 #  if defined(_MSC_VER)
 #    undef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_DL
 #  endif
@@ -69,6 +72,11 @@
 #  include <sys/un.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_AFUNIX_H
+// Windows doesn't have sys/un.h, but it does have afunix.h just to be special:
+#  include <afunix.h>
+#endif
+
 #if defined(HAVE_FCNTL)
 #  ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
 #    include <sys/select.h>
@@ -268,7 +276,7 @@ extern VALUE rb_cIPSocket;
 extern VALUE rb_cTCPSocket;
 extern VALUE rb_cTCPServer;
 extern VALUE rb_cUDPSocket;
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 extern VALUE rb_cUNIXSocket;
 extern VALUE rb_cUNIXServer;
 #endif
@@ -277,6 +285,7 @@ extern VALUE rb_cAddrinfo;
 extern VALUE rb_cSockOpt;
 
 extern VALUE rb_eSocket;
+extern VALUE rb_eResolution;
 
 #ifdef SOCKS
 extern VALUE rb_cSOCKSSocket;
@@ -299,7 +308,7 @@ VALUE rsock_sockaddr_string_value_with_addrinfo(volatile VALUE *v, VALUE *ai_ret
 
 VALUE rb_check_sockaddr_string_type(VALUE);
 
-NORETURN(void rsock_raise_socket_error(const char *, int));
+NORETURN(void rsock_raise_resolution_error(const char *, int));
 
 int rsock_family_arg(VALUE domain);
 int rsock_socktype_arg(VALUE type);
@@ -336,7 +345,7 @@ VALUE rsock_sockaddr_obj(struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t len);
 
 int rsock_revlookup_flag(VALUE revlookup, int *norevlookup);
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 VALUE rsock_unixpath_str(struct sockaddr_un *sockaddr, socklen_t len);
 VALUE rsock_unixaddr(struct sockaddr_un *sockaddr, socklen_t len);
 socklen_t rsock_unix_sockaddr_len(VALUE path);
@@ -451,6 +460,8 @@ VALUE rsock_write_nonblock(VALUE sock, VALUE buf, VALUE ex);
 
 void rsock_make_fd_nonblock(int fd);
 
+int rsock_is_dgram(rb_io_t *fptr);
+
 #if !defined HAVE_INET_NTOP && ! defined _WIN32
 const char *inet_ntop(int, const void *, char *, size_t);
 #elif defined __MINGW32__
diff --git a/ext/socket/socket.c b/ext/socket/socket.c
index b1965deb9e..c780d77cf6 100644
--- a/ext/socket/socket.c
+++ b/ext/socket/socket.c
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ rsock_syserr_fail_host_port(int err, const char *mesg, VALUE host, VALUE port)
     message = rb_sprintf("%s for %+"PRIsVALUE" port % "PRIsVALUE"",
                          mesg, host, port);
 
+    if (err == ETIMEDOUT) {
+        rb_exc_raise(rb_exc_new3(rb_eIOTimeoutError, message));
+    }
+
     rb_syserr_fail_str(err, message);
 }
 
@@ -1309,7 +1313,7 @@ sock_s_getnameinfo(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE _)
     saved_errno = errno;
     if (res) rb_freeaddrinfo(res);
     errno = saved_errno;
-    rsock_raise_socket_error("getnameinfo", error);
+    rsock_raise_resolution_error("getnameinfo", error);
 
     UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qnil);
 }
@@ -1379,7 +1383,7 @@ sock_s_unpack_sockaddr_in(VALUE self, VALUE addr)
     return rb_assoc_new(INT2NUM(ntohs(sockaddr->sin_port)), host);
 }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -1467,7 +1471,7 @@ sockaddr_len(struct sockaddr *addr)
         return (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
 #endif
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
       case AF_UNIX:
         return (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr_un);
 #endif
@@ -1650,8 +1654,7 @@ socket_s_ip_address_list(VALUE self)
 
   finish:
     save_errno = errno;
-    if (lc.lifc_buf != NULL)
-        xfree(lc.lifc_req);
+    xfree(lc.lifc_req);
     if (fd != -1)
         close(fd);
     errno = save_errno;
@@ -2016,7 +2019,7 @@ Init_socket(void)
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cSocket, "sockaddr_in", sock_s_pack_sockaddr_in, 2);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cSocket, "pack_sockaddr_in", sock_s_pack_sockaddr_in, 2);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cSocket, "unpack_sockaddr_in", sock_s_unpack_sockaddr_in, 1);
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cSocket, "sockaddr_un", sock_s_pack_sockaddr_un, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cSocket, "pack_sockaddr_un", sock_s_pack_sockaddr_un, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cSocket, "unpack_sockaddr_un", sock_s_unpack_sockaddr_un, 1);
diff --git a/ext/socket/udpsocket.c b/ext/socket/udpsocket.c
index 3500107972..5224e48a96 100644
--- a/ext/socket/udpsocket.c
+++ b/ext/socket/udpsocket.c
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ udp_send_internal(VALUE v)
 
         if (n >= 0) return RB_SSIZE2NUM(n);
 
-        if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil)) {
+        if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
             goto retry;
         }
     }
diff --git a/ext/socket/unixserver.c b/ext/socket/unixserver.c
index 3a899cca1f..0ea5ac083c 100644
--- a/ext/socket/unixserver.c
+++ b/ext/socket/unixserver.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "rubysocket.h"
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 /*
  * call-seq:
  *   UNIXServer.new(path) => unixserver
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ unix_sysaccept(VALUE server)
 void
 rsock_init_unixserver(void)
 {
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
     /*
      * Document-class: UNIXServer < UNIXSocket
      *
diff --git a/ext/socket/unixsocket.c b/ext/socket/unixsocket.c
index ecffbd4e92..a8475e3e60 100644
--- a/ext/socket/unixsocket.c
+++ b/ext/socket/unixsocket.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "rubysocket.h"
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
 struct unixsock_arg {
     struct sockaddr_un *sockaddr;
     socklen_t sockaddrlen;
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ unixsock_path_value(VALUE path)
         }
     }
 #endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    /* UNIXSocket requires UTF-8 per spec. */
+    path = rb_str_export_to_enc(path, rb_utf8_encoding());
+#endif
     return rb_get_path(path);
 }
 
@@ -536,7 +540,7 @@ unix_peeraddr(VALUE sock)
  *
  * Creates a pair of sockets connected to each other.
  *
- * _socktype_ should be a socket type such as: :STREAM, :DGRAM, :RAW, etc.
+ * _type_ should be a socket type such as: :STREAM, :DGRAM, :RAW, etc.
  *
  * _protocol_ should be a protocol defined in the domain.
  * 0 is default protocol for the domain.
@@ -571,7 +575,7 @@ unix_s_socketpair(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 void
 rsock_init_unixsocket(void)
 {
-#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
+#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
     /*
      * Document-class: UNIXSocket < BasicSocket
      *
diff --git a/ext/stringio/depend b/ext/stringio/depend
index 828fc6e842..ba2b812041 100644
--- a/ext/stringio/depend
+++ b/ext/stringio/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 stringio.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/stringio/extconf.rb b/ext/stringio/extconf.rb
index a933159766..553732f79c 100644
--- a/ext/stringio/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/stringio/extconf.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 require 'mkmf'
-have_func("rb_io_extract_modeenc", "ruby/io.h")
-create_makefile('stringio')
+if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
+  create_makefile('stringio')
+else
+  File.write('Makefile', dummy_makefile("").join)
+end
diff --git a/ext/stringio/stringio.c b/ext/stringio/stringio.c
index 9ba2cd92a1..7eade5bcba 100644
--- a/ext/stringio/stringio.c
+++ b/ext/stringio/stringio.c
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
 
 **********************************************************************/
 
-#define STRINGIO_VERSION "3.0.3"
+static const char *const
+STRINGIO_VERSION = "3.1.0";
 
 #include "ruby.h"
 #include "ruby/io.h"
@@ -32,86 +33,6 @@
 # define rb_class_new_instance_kw(argc, argv, klass, kw_splat) rb_class_new_instance(argc, argv, klass)
 #endif
 
-#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_EXTRACT_MODEENC
-#define rb_io_extract_modeenc strio_extract_modeenc
-static void
-strio_extract_modeenc(VALUE *vmode_p, VALUE *vperm_p, VALUE opthash,
-		      int *oflags_p, int *fmode_p, struct rb_io_enc_t *convconfig_p)
-{
-    VALUE mode = *vmode_p;
-    VALUE intmode;
-    int fmode;
-    int has_enc = 0, has_vmode = 0;
-
-    convconfig_p->enc = convconfig_p->enc2 = 0;
-
-  vmode_handle:
-    if (NIL_P(mode)) {
-	fmode = FMODE_READABLE;
-    }
-    else if (!NIL_P(intmode = rb_check_to_integer(mode, "to_int"))) {
-	int flags = NUM2INT(intmode);
-	fmode = rb_io_oflags_fmode(flags);
-    }
-    else {
-	const char *m = StringValueCStr(mode), *n, *e;
-	fmode = rb_io_modestr_fmode(m);
-	n = strchr(m, ':');
-	if (n) {
-	    long len;
-	    char encname[ENCODING_MAXNAMELEN+1];
-	    has_enc = 1;
-	    if (fmode & FMODE_SETENC_BY_BOM) {
-		n = strchr(n, '|');
-	    }
-	    e = strchr(++n, ':');
-	    len = e ? e - n : (long)strlen(n);
-	    if (len > 0 && len <= ENCODING_MAXNAMELEN) {
-		rb_encoding *enc;
-		if (e) {
-		    memcpy(encname, n, len);
-		    encname[len] = '\0';
-		    n = encname;
-		}
-		enc = rb_enc_find(n);
-		if (e)
-		    convconfig_p->enc2 = enc;
-		else
-		    convconfig_p->enc = enc;
-	    }
-	    if (e && (len = strlen(++e)) > 0 && len <= ENCODING_MAXNAMELEN) {
-		convconfig_p->enc = rb_enc_find(e);
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-
-    if (!NIL_P(opthash)) {
-	rb_encoding *extenc = 0, *intenc = 0;
-	VALUE v;
-	if (!has_vmode) {
-	    ID id_mode;
-	    CONST_ID(id_mode, "mode");
-	    v = rb_hash_aref(opthash, ID2SYM(id_mode));
-	    if (!NIL_P(v)) {
-		if (!NIL_P(mode)) {
-		    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "mode specified twice");
-		}
-		has_vmode = 1;
-		mode = v;
-		goto vmode_handle;
-	    }
-	}
-
-	if (rb_io_extract_encoding_option(opthash, &extenc, &intenc, &fmode)) {
-	    if (has_enc) {
-		rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "encoding specified twice");
-	    }
-	}
-    }
-    *fmode_p = fmode;
-}
-#endif
-
 struct StringIO {
     VALUE string;
     rb_encoding *enc;
@@ -171,7 +92,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t strio_data_type = {
 	strio_free,
 	strio_memsize,
     },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED
 };
 
 #define check_strio(self) ((struct StringIO*)rb_check_typeddata((self), &strio_data_type))
@@ -257,9 +178,20 @@ strio_s_allocate(VALUE klass)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq: StringIO.new(string=""[, mode])
+ * call-seq:
+ *   StringIO.new(string = '', mode = 'r+') -> new_stringio
  *
- * Creates new StringIO instance from with _string_ and _mode_.
+ * Note that +mode+ defaults to <tt>'r'</tt> if +string+ is frozen.
+ *
+ * Returns a new \StringIO instance formed from +string+ and +mode+;
+ * see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes]:
+ *
+ *   strio = StringIO.new # => #<StringIO>
+ *   strio.close
+ *
+ * The instance should be closed when no longer needed.
+ *
+ * Related: StringIO.open (accepts block; closes automatically).
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -345,7 +277,7 @@ strio_init(int argc, VALUE *argv, struct StringIO *ptr, VALUE self)
 {
     VALUE string, vmode, opt;
     int oflags;
-    struct rb_io_enc_t convconfig;
+    rb_io_enc_t convconfig;
 
     argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &string, &vmode, &opt);
     rb_io_extract_modeenc(&vmode, 0, opt, &oflags, &ptr->flags, &convconfig);
@@ -368,7 +300,7 @@ strio_init(int argc, VALUE *argv, struct StringIO *ptr, VALUE self)
     if (ptr->flags & FMODE_TRUNC) {
 	rb_str_resize(string, 0);
     }
-    ptr->string = string;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &ptr->string, string);
     if (argc == 1) {
 	ptr->enc = rb_enc_get(string);
     }
@@ -386,17 +318,32 @@ static VALUE
 strio_finalize(VALUE self)
 {
     struct StringIO *ptr = StringIO(self);
-    ptr->string = Qnil;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &ptr->string, Qnil);
     ptr->flags &= ~FMODE_READWRITE;
     return self;
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq: StringIO.open(string=""[, mode]) {|strio| ...}
+ * call-seq:
+ *   StringIO.open(string = '', mode = 'r+') {|strio| ... }
+ *
+ * Note that +mode+ defaults to <tt>'r'</tt> if +string+ is frozen.
+ *
+ * Creates a new \StringIO instance formed from +string+ and +mode+;
+ * see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes].
+ *
+ * With no block, returns the new instance:
+ *
+ *   strio = StringIO.open # => #<StringIO>
+ *
+ * With a block, calls the block with the new instance
+ * and returns the block's value;
+ * closes the instance on block exit.
+ *
+ *   StringIO.open {|strio| p strio }
+ *   # => #<StringIO>
  *
- * Equivalent to StringIO.new except that when it is called with a block, it
- * yields with the new instance and closes it, and returns the result which
- * returned from the block.
+ * Related: StringIO.new.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_s_open(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
@@ -482,9 +429,23 @@ strio_unimpl(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * call-seq: strio.string     -> string
+ * call-seq:
+ *   string -> string
+ *
+ * Returns underlying string:
+ *
+ *   StringIO.open('foo') do |strio|
+ *     p strio.string
+ *     strio.string = 'bar'
+ *     p strio.string
+ *   end
  *
- * Returns underlying String object, the subject of IO.
+ * Output:
+ *
+ *   "foo"
+ *   "bar"
+ *
+ * Related: StringIO#string= (assigns the underlying string).
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_get_string(VALUE self)
@@ -494,9 +455,23 @@ strio_get_string(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.string = string  -> string
+ *   string = other_string -> other_string
+ *
+ * Assigns the underlying string as +other_string+, and sets position to zero;
+ * returns +other_string+:
  *
- * Changes underlying String object, the subject of IO.
+ *   StringIO.open('foo') do |strio|
+ *     p strio.string
+ *     strio.string = 'bar'
+ *     p strio.string
+ *   end
+ *
+ * Output:
+ *
+ *   "foo"
+ *   "bar"
+ *
+ * Related: StringIO#string (returns the underlying string).
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_set_string(VALUE self, VALUE string)
@@ -509,15 +484,19 @@ strio_set_string(VALUE self, VALUE string)
     ptr->flags = OBJ_FROZEN(string) ? FMODE_READABLE : FMODE_READWRITE;
     ptr->pos = 0;
     ptr->lineno = 0;
-    return ptr->string = string;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &ptr->string, string);
+    return string;
 }
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.close  -> nil
+ *   close -> nil
  *
- * Closes a StringIO. The stream is unavailable for any further data
- * operations; an +IOError+ is raised if such an attempt is made.
+ * Closes +self+ for both reading and writing.
+ *
+ * Raises IOError if reading or writing is attempted.
+ *
+ * Related: StringIO#close_read, StringIO#close_write.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_close(VALUE self)
@@ -529,10 +508,13 @@ strio_close(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.close_read    -> nil
+ *   close_read -> nil
+ *
+ * Closes +self+ for reading; closed-write setting remains unchanged.
  *
- * Closes the read end of a StringIO.  Will raise an +IOError+ if the
- * receiver is not readable.
+ * Raises IOError if reading is attempted.
+ *
+ * Related: StringIO#close, StringIO#close_write.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_close_read(VALUE self)
@@ -547,10 +529,13 @@ strio_close_read(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.close_write    -> nil
+ *   close_write -> nil
+ *
+ * Closes +self+ for writing; closed-read setting remains unchanged.
+ *
+ * Raises IOError if writing is attempted.
  *
- * Closes the write end of a StringIO.  Will raise an  +IOError+ if the
- * receiver is not writeable.
+ * Related: StringIO#close, StringIO#close_read.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_close_write(VALUE self)
@@ -565,9 +550,10 @@ strio_close_write(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.closed?    -> true or false
+ *   closed? -> true or false
  *
- * Returns +true+ if the stream is completely closed, +false+ otherwise.
+ * Returns +true+ if +self+ is closed for both reading and writing,
+ * +false+ otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_closed(VALUE self)
@@ -579,9 +565,9 @@ strio_closed(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.closed_read?    -> true or false
+ *   closed_read? -> true or false
  *
- * Returns +true+ if the stream is not readable, +false+ otherwise.
+ * Returns +true+ if +self+ is closed for reading, +false+ otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_closed_read(VALUE self)
@@ -593,9 +579,9 @@ strio_closed_read(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.closed_write?    -> true or false
+ *   closed_write? -> true or false
  *
- * Returns +true+ if the stream is not writable, +false+ otherwise.
+ * Returns +true+ if +self+ is closed for writing, +false+ otherwise.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_closed_write(VALUE self)
@@ -615,11 +601,12 @@ strio_to_read(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.eof     -> true or false
- *   strio.eof?    -> true or false
+ *   eof? -> true or false
  *
- * Returns true if the stream is at the end of the data (underlying string).
- * The stream must be opened for reading or an +IOError+ will be raised.
+ * Returns +true+ if positioned at end-of-stream, +false+ otherwise;
+ * see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position].
+ *
+ * Raises IOError if the stream is not opened for reading.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_eof(VALUE self)
@@ -632,15 +619,19 @@ strio_eof(VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 strio_copy(VALUE copy, VALUE orig)
 {
-    struct StringIO *ptr;
+    struct StringIO *ptr, *old_ptr;
+    VALUE old_string = Qundef;
 
     orig = rb_convert_type(orig, T_DATA, "StringIO", "to_strio");
     if (copy == orig) return copy;
     ptr = StringIO(orig);
-    if (check_strio(copy)) {
-	strio_free(DATA_PTR(copy));
+    old_ptr = check_strio(copy);
+    if (old_ptr) {
+	old_string = old_ptr->string;
+	strio_free(old_ptr);
     }
     DATA_PTR(copy) = ptr;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(copy, old_string, ptr->string);
     RBASIC(copy)->flags &= ~STRIO_READWRITE;
     RBASIC(copy)->flags |= RBASIC(orig)->flags & STRIO_READWRITE;
     ++ptr->count;
@@ -649,13 +640,10 @@ strio_copy(VALUE copy, VALUE orig)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.lineno    -> integer
+ *   lineno -> current_line_number
  *
- * Returns the current line number. The stream must be
- * opened for reading. +lineno+ counts the number of times  +gets+ is
- * called, rather than the number of newlines  encountered. The two
- * values will differ if +gets+ is  called with a separator other than
- * newline.  See also the  <code>$.</code> variable.
+ * Returns the current line number in +self+;
+ * see {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_get_lineno(VALUE self)
@@ -665,10 +653,10 @@ strio_get_lineno(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.lineno = integer    -> integer
+ *   lineno = new_line_number -> new_line_number
  *
- * Manually sets the current line number to the given value.
- * <code>$.</code> is updated only on the next read.
+ * Sets the current line number in +self+ to the given +new_line_number+;
+ * see {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_set_lineno(VALUE self, VALUE lineno)
@@ -679,9 +667,10 @@ strio_set_lineno(VALUE self, VALUE lineno)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.binmode    -> stringio
+ *   binmode -> self
  *
- * Puts stream into binary mode. See IO#binmode.
+ * Sets the data mode in +self+ to binary mode;
+ * see {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Data+Mode].
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -705,11 +694,27 @@ strio_binmode(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.reopen(other_StrIO)     -> strio
- *   strio.reopen(string, mode)    -> strio
+ *   reopen(other, mode = 'r+') -> self
+ *
+ * Reinitializes the stream with the given +other+ (string or StringIO) and +mode+;
+ * see IO.new:
+ *
+ *   StringIO.open('foo') do |strio|
+ *     p strio.string
+ *     strio.reopen('bar')
+ *     p strio.string
+ *     other_strio = StringIO.new('baz')
+ *     strio.reopen(other_strio)
+ *     p strio.string
+ *     other_strio.close
+ *   end
+ *
+ * Output:
+ *
+ *   "foo"
+ *   "bar"
+ *   "baz"
  *
- * Reinitializes the stream with the given <i>other_StrIO</i> or _string_
- * and _mode_ (see StringIO#new).
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_reopen(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -723,10 +728,10 @@ strio_reopen(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.pos     -> integer
- *   strio.tell    -> integer
+ *   pos -> stream_position
  *
- * Returns the current offset (in bytes).
+ * Returns the current position (in bytes);
+ * see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_get_pos(VALUE self)
@@ -736,9 +741,10 @@ strio_get_pos(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.pos = integer    -> integer
+ *   pos = new_position -> new_position
  *
- * Seeks to the given position (in bytes).
+ * Sets the current position (in bytes);
+ * see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_set_pos(VALUE self, VALUE pos)
@@ -754,10 +760,11 @@ strio_set_pos(VALUE self, VALUE pos)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.rewind    -> 0
+ *   rewind -> 0
  *
- * Positions the stream to the beginning of input, resetting
- * +lineno+ to zero.
+ * Sets the current position and line number to zero;
+ * see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position]
+ * and {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_rewind(VALUE self)
@@ -770,10 +777,11 @@ strio_rewind(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.seek(amount, whence=SEEK_SET) -> 0
+ *   seek(offset, whence = SEEK_SET) -> 0
  *
- * Seeks to a given offset _amount_ in the stream according to
- * the value of _whence_ (see IO#seek).
+ * Sets the current position to the given integer +offset+ (in bytes),
+ * with respect to a given constant +whence+;
+ * see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_seek(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -809,9 +817,9 @@ strio_seek(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.sync    -> true
+ *   sync -> true
  *
- * Returns +true+ always.
+ * Returns +true+; implemented only for compatibility with other stream classes.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_get_sync(VALUE self)
@@ -826,10 +834,12 @@ strio_get_sync(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.each_byte {|byte| block }  -> strio
- *   strio.each_byte                  -> anEnumerator
+ *   each_byte {|byte| ... } -> self
  *
- * See IO#each_byte.
+ * With a block given, calls the block with each remaining byte in the stream;
+ * see {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
+ *
+ * With no block given, returns an enumerator.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_each_byte(VALUE self)
@@ -847,9 +857,10 @@ strio_each_byte(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.getc   -> string or nil
+ *   getc -> character or nil
  *
- * See IO#getc.
+ * Reads and returns the next character from the stream;
+ * see {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_getc(VALUE self)
@@ -872,9 +883,10 @@ strio_getc(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.getbyte   -> fixnum or nil
+ *   getbyte -> byte or nil
  *
- * See IO#getbyte.
+ * Reads and returns the next 8-bit byte from the stream;
+ * see {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_getbyte(VALUE self)
@@ -910,12 +922,10 @@ strio_extend(struct StringIO *ptr, long pos, long len)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.ungetc(string)   -> nil
+ *   ungetc(character) -> nil
  *
- * Pushes back one character (passed as a parameter)
- * such that a subsequent buffered read will return it.  There is no
- * limitation for multiple pushbacks including pushing back behind the
- * beginning of the buffer string.
+ * Pushes back ("unshifts") a character or integer onto the stream;
+ * see {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_ungetc(VALUE self, VALUE c)
@@ -950,9 +960,10 @@ strio_ungetc(VALUE self, VALUE c)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.ungetbyte(fixnum)   -> nil
+ *   ungetbyte(byte) -> nil
  *
- * See IO#ungetbyte
+ * Pushes back ("unshifts") an 8-bit byte onto the stream;
+ * see {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_ungetbyte(VALUE self, VALUE c)
@@ -1012,9 +1023,10 @@ strio_unget_bytes(struct StringIO *ptr, const char *cp, long cl)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.readchar   -> string
+ *   readchar -> string
  *
- * See IO#readchar.
+ * Like +getc+, but raises an exception if already at end-of-stream;
+ * see {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_readchar(VALUE self)
@@ -1026,9 +1038,10 @@ strio_readchar(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.readbyte   -> fixnum
+ *   readbyte -> byte
  *
- * See IO#readbyte.
+ * Like +getbyte+, but raises an exception if already at end-of-stream;
+ * see {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_readbyte(VALUE self)
@@ -1040,10 +1053,12 @@ strio_readbyte(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.each_char {|char| block }  -> strio
- *   strio.each_char                  -> anEnumerator
+ *   each_char {|c| ... } -> self
+ *
+ * With a block given, calls the block with each remaining character in the stream;
+ * see {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  *
- * See IO#each_char.
+ * With no block given, returns an enumerator.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_each_char(VALUE self)
@@ -1060,10 +1075,12 @@ strio_each_char(VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.each_codepoint {|c| block }  -> strio
- *   strio.each_codepoint               -> anEnumerator
+ *   each_codepoint {|codepoint| ... } -> self
+ *
+ * With a block given, calls the block with each remaining codepoint in the stream;
+ * see {Codepoint IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Codepoint+IO].
  *
- * See IO#each_codepoint.
+ * With no block given, returns an enumerator.
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_each_codepoint(VALUE self)
@@ -1126,38 +1143,57 @@ struct getline_arg {
 };
 
 static struct getline_arg *
-prepare_getline_args(struct getline_arg *arg, int argc, VALUE *argv)
+prepare_getline_args(struct StringIO *ptr, struct getline_arg *arg, int argc, VALUE *argv)
 {
-    VALUE str, lim, opts;
+    VALUE rs, lim, opts;
     long limit = -1;
     int respect_chomp;
 
-    argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &lim, &opts);
-    respect_chomp = argc == 0 || !NIL_P(str);
+    argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &rs, &lim, &opts);
+    respect_chomp = argc == 0 || !NIL_P(rs);
     switch (argc) {
       case 0:
-	str = rb_rs;
+	rs = rb_rs;
 	break;
 
       case 1:
-	if (!NIL_P(str) && !RB_TYPE_P(str, T_STRING)) {
-	    VALUE tmp = rb_check_string_type(str);
+        if (!NIL_P(rs) && !RB_TYPE_P(rs, T_STRING)) {
+            VALUE tmp = rb_check_string_type(rs);
 	    if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
-		limit = NUM2LONG(str);
-		str = rb_rs;
+                limit = NUM2LONG(rs);
+                rs = rb_rs;
 	    }
 	    else {
-		str = tmp;
+                rs = tmp;
 	    }
 	}
 	break;
 
       case 2:
-	if (!NIL_P(str)) StringValue(str);
+        if (!NIL_P(rs)) StringValue(rs);
 	if (!NIL_P(lim)) limit = NUM2LONG(lim);
 	break;
     }
-    arg->rs = str;
+    if (!NIL_P(rs)) {
+        rb_encoding *enc_rs, *enc_io;
+        enc_rs = rb_enc_get(rs);
+        enc_io = get_enc(ptr);
+        if (enc_rs != enc_io &&
+            (rb_enc_str_coderange(rs) != ENC_CODERANGE_7BIT ||
+             (RSTRING_LEN(rs) > 0 && !rb_enc_asciicompat(enc_io)))) {
+            if (rs == rb_rs) {
+                rs = rb_enc_str_new(0, 0, enc_io);
+                rb_str_buf_cat_ascii(rs, "\n");
+                rs = rs;
+            }
+            else {
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "encoding mismatch: %s IO with %s RS",
+                         rb_enc_name(enc_io),
+                         rb_enc_name(enc_rs));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    arg->rs = rs;
     arg->limit = limit;
     arg->chomp = 0;
     if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
@@ -1245,8 +1281,9 @@ strio_getline(struct getline_arg *arg, struct StringIO *ptr)
 	str = strio_substr(ptr, ptr->pos, e - s - w, enc);
     }
     else {
-	if (n < e - s) {
-	    if (e - s < 1024) {
+	if (n < e - s + arg->chomp) {
+	    /* unless chomping, RS at the end does not matter */
+	    if (e - s < 1024 || n == e - s) {
 		for (p = s; p + n <= e; ++p) {
 		    if (MEMCMP(p, RSTRING_PTR(str), char, n) == 0) {
 			e = p + n;
@@ -1273,35 +1310,38 @@ strio_getline(struct getline_arg *arg, struct StringIO *ptr)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.gets(sep=$/, chomp: false)     -> string or nil
- *   strio.gets(limit, chomp: false)      -> string or nil
- *   strio.gets(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string or nil
+ *   gets(sep = $/, chomp: false) -> string or nil
+ *   gets(limit, chomp: false) -> string or nil
+ *   gets(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string or nil
  *
- * See IO#gets.
+ * Reads and returns a line from the stream;
+ * assigns the return value to <tt>$_</tt>;
+ * see {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_gets(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
+    struct StringIO *ptr = readable(self);
     struct getline_arg arg;
     VALUE str;
 
-    if (prepare_getline_args(&arg, argc, argv)->limit == 0) {
-	struct StringIO *ptr = readable(self);
+    if (prepare_getline_args(ptr, &arg, argc, argv)->limit == 0) {
 	return rb_enc_str_new(0, 0, get_enc(ptr));
     }
 
-    str = strio_getline(&arg, readable(self));
+    str = strio_getline(&arg, ptr);
     rb_lastline_set(str);
     return str;
 }
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.readline(sep=$/, chomp: false)     -> string
- *   strio.readline(limit, chomp: false)      -> string or nil
- *   strio.readline(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string or nil
+ *   readline(sep = $/, chomp: false) -> string
+ *   readline(limit, chomp: false) -> string
+ *   readline(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string
  *
- * See IO#readline.
+ * Reads a line as with IO#gets, but raises EOFError if already at end-of-file;
+ * see {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_readline(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
@@ -1313,32 +1353,29 @@ strio_readline(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
- *   strio.each(sep=$/, chomp: false) {|line| block }         -> strio
- *   strio.each(limit, chomp: false) {|line| block }          -> strio
- *   strio.each(sep, limit, chomp: false) {|line| block }     -> strio
- *   strio.each(...)                                          -> anEnumerator
- *
- *   strio.each_line(sep=$/, chomp: false) {|line| block }     -> strio
- *   strio.each_line(limit, chomp: false) {|line| block }      -> strio
- *   strio.each_line(sep, limit, chomp: false) {|line| block } -> strio
- *   strio.each_line(...)                                      -> anEnumerator
+ *   each_line(sep = $/, chomp: false) {|line| ... }   -> self
+ *   each_line(limit, chomp: false) {|line| ... }      -> self
+ *   each_line(sep, limit, chomp: false) {|line| ... } -> self
  *
- * See IO#each.
+ * Calls the block with each remaining line read from the stream;
+ * does nothing if already at end-of-file;
+ * returns +self+.
+ * See {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  */
 static VALUE
 strio_each(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
     VALUE line;
+    struct StringIO *ptr = readable(self);
     struct getline_arg arg;
 
-    StringIO(self);
     RETURN_ENUMERATOR(self, argc, argv);
 
-    if (prepare_getline_args(&arg, argc, argv)->limit == 0) {
+    if (prepare_getline_args(ptr, &arg, argc, argv)->limit == 0) {
 	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid limit: 0 for each_line");
     }
 
-    while (!NIL_P(line = strio_getline(&arg, readable(self)))) {
+    while (!NIL_P(line = strio_getline(&arg, ptr))) {
 	rb_yield(line);
     }
     return self;
@@ -1356,15 +1393,15 @@ static VALUE
 strio_readlines(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
     VALUE ary, line;
+    struct StringIO *ptr = readable(self);
     struct getline_arg arg;
 
-    StringIO(self);
-    ary = rb_ary_new();
-    if (prepare_getline_args(&arg, argc, argv)->limit == 0) {
+    if (prepare_getline_args(ptr, &arg, argc, argv)->limit == 0) {
 	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid limit: 0 for readlines");
     }
 
-    while (!NIL_P(line = strio_getline(&arg, readable(self)))) {
+    ary = rb_ary_new();
+    while (!NIL_P(line = strio_getline(&arg, ptr))) {
 	rb_ary_push(ary, line);
     }
     return ary;
@@ -1567,6 +1604,55 @@ strio_read(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    pread(maxlen, offset)             -> string
+ *    pread(maxlen, offset, out_string) -> string
+ *
+ *  See IO#pread.
+ */
+static VALUE
+strio_pread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE rb_len, rb_offset, rb_buf;
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &rb_len, &rb_offset, &rb_buf);
+    long len = NUM2LONG(rb_len);
+    long offset = NUM2LONG(rb_offset);
+
+    if (len < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative string size (or size too big): %" PRIsVALUE, rb_len);
+    }
+
+    if (len == 0) {
+        if (NIL_P(rb_buf)) {
+            return rb_str_new("", 0);
+        }
+        return rb_buf;
+    }
+
+    if (offset < 0) {
+        rb_syserr_fail_str(EINVAL, rb_sprintf("pread: Invalid offset argument: %" PRIsVALUE, rb_offset));
+    }
+
+    struct StringIO *ptr = readable(self);
+
+    if (offset >= RSTRING_LEN(ptr->string)) {
+        rb_eof_error();
+    }
+
+    if (NIL_P(rb_buf)) {
+        return strio_substr(ptr, offset, len, rb_ascii8bit_encoding());
+    }
+
+    long rest = RSTRING_LEN(ptr->string) - offset;
+    if (len > rest) len = rest;
+    rb_str_resize(rb_buf, len);
+    rb_enc_associate(rb_buf, rb_ascii8bit_encoding());
+    MEMCPY(RSTRING_PTR(rb_buf), RSTRING_PTR(ptr->string) + offset, char, len);
+    return rb_buf;
+}
+
+
+/*
  * call-seq:
  *   strio.sysread(integer[, outbuf])    -> string
  *   strio.readpartial(integer[, outbuf])    -> string
@@ -1726,7 +1812,7 @@ strio_set_encoding(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     else {
 	enc = rb_find_encoding(ext_enc);
 	if (!enc) {
-	    struct rb_io_enc_t convconfig;
+	    rb_io_enc_t convconfig;
 	    int oflags, fmode;
 	    VALUE vmode = rb_str_append(rb_str_new_cstr("r:"), ext_enc);
 	    rb_io_extract_modeenc(&vmode, 0, Qnil, &oflags, &fmode, &convconfig);
@@ -1751,24 +1837,16 @@ strio_set_encoding_by_bom(VALUE self)
 }
 
 /*
- * Pseudo I/O on String object, with interface corresponding to IO.
+ * \IO streams for strings, with access similar to
+ * {IO}[rdoc-ref:IO];
+ * see {IO}[rdoc-ref:IO].
  *
- * Commonly used to simulate <code>$stdio</code> or <code>$stderr</code>
+ * === About the Examples
  *
- * === Examples
+ * Examples on this page assume that \StringIO has been required:
  *
  *   require 'stringio'
  *
- *   # Writing stream emulation
- *   io = StringIO.new
- *   io.puts "Hello World"
- *   io.string #=> "Hello World\n"
- *
- *   # Reading stream emulation
- *   io = StringIO.new "first\nsecond\nlast\n"
- *   io.getc #=> "f"
- *   io.gets #=> "irst\n"
- *   io.read #=> "second\nlast\n"
  */
 void
 Init_stringio(void)
@@ -1834,6 +1912,7 @@ Init_stringio(void)
     rb_define_method(StringIO, "gets", strio_gets, -1);
     rb_define_method(StringIO, "readlines", strio_readlines, -1);
     rb_define_method(StringIO, "read", strio_read, -1);
+    rb_define_method(StringIO, "pread", strio_pread, -1);
 
     rb_define_method(StringIO, "write", strio_write_m, -1);
     rb_define_method(StringIO, "putc", strio_putc, 1);
diff --git a/ext/stringio/stringio.gemspec b/ext/stringio/stringio.gemspec
index 1015d261f5..8c950f8ff9 100644
--- a/ext/stringio/stringio.gemspec
+++ b/ext/stringio/stringio.gemspec
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 source_version = ["", "ext/stringio/"].find do |dir|
   begin
     break File.open(File.join(__dir__, "#{dir}stringio.c")) {|f|
-      f.gets("\n#define STRINGIO_VERSION ")
+      f.gets("\nSTRINGIO_VERSION ")
       f.gets[/\s*"(.+)"/, 1]
     }
   rescue Errno::ENOENT
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.name = "stringio"
   s.version = source_version
 
-  s.required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.6")
   s.require_paths = ["lib"]
   s.authors = ["Nobu Nakada", "Charles Oliver Nutter"]
   s.description = "Pseudo `IO` class from/to `String`."
@@ -22,7 +21,8 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.files = ["README.md"]
   jruby = true if Gem::Platform.new('java') =~ s.platform or RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
   if jruby
-    s.files += ["lib/stringio.rb", "lib/stringio.jar"]
+    s.require_paths = "lib/java"
+    s.files += ["lib/java/stringio.rb", "lib/java/stringio.jar"]
     s.platform = "java"
   else
     s.extensions = ["ext/stringio/extconf.rb"]
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   end
   s.homepage = "https://github.com/ruby/stringio"
   s.licenses = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-  s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5"
+  s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.7"
   s.summary = "Pseudo IO on String"
 
   # s.cert_chain  = %w[certs/nobu.pem]
diff --git a/ext/strscan/depend b/ext/strscan/depend
index 8fe3cb23d9..8d985b59e8 100644
--- a/ext/strscan/depend
+++ b/ext/strscan/depend
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 strscan.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/strscan/extconf.rb b/ext/strscan/extconf.rb
index f0ecbf85d8..bd65606a4e 100644
--- a/ext/strscan/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/strscan/extconf.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'mkmf'
-$INCFLAGS << " -I$(top_srcdir)" if $extmk
-have_func("onig_region_memsize", "ruby.h")
-create_makefile 'strscan'
+if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
+  $INCFLAGS << " -I$(top_srcdir)" if $extmk
+  have_func("onig_region_memsize", "ruby.h")
+  have_func("rb_reg_onig_match", "ruby.h")
+  create_makefile 'strscan'
+else
+  File.write('Makefile', dummy_makefile("").join)
+end
diff --git a/ext/strscan/strscan.c b/ext/strscan/strscan.c
index e1426380b4..16d669d8a5 100644
--- a/ext/strscan/strscan.c
+++ b/ext/strscan/strscan.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ extern size_t onig_region_memsize(const struct re_registers *regs);
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
-#define STRSCAN_VERSION "3.0.1"
+#define STRSCAN_VERSION "3.0.7"
 
 /* =======================================================================
                          Data Type Definitions
@@ -435,11 +435,11 @@ strscan_get_pos(VALUE self)
  *
  * In short, it's a 0-based index into the string.
  *
- *   s = StringScanner.new("abcädeföghi")
- *   s.charpos           # -> 0
- *   s.scan_until(/ä/)   # -> "abcä"
- *   s.pos               # -> 5
- *   s.charpos           # -> 4
+ *   s = StringScanner.new("abc\u00e4def\u00f6ghi")
+ *   s.charpos                # -> 0
+ *   s.scan_until(/\u00e4/)   # -> "abc\u00E4"
+ *   s.pos                    # -> 5
+ *   s.charpos                # -> 4
  */
 static VALUE
 strscan_get_charpos(VALUE self)
@@ -539,6 +539,68 @@ adjust_register_position(struct strscanner *p, long position)
     }
 }
 
+/* rb_reg_onig_match is available in Ruby 3.3 and later. */
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_REG_ONIG_MATCH
+static OnigPosition
+rb_reg_onig_match(VALUE re, VALUE str,
+                  OnigPosition (*match)(regex_t *reg, VALUE str, struct re_registers *regs, void *args),
+                  void *args, struct re_registers *regs)
+{
+    regex_t *reg = rb_reg_prepare_re(re, str);
+
+    bool tmpreg = reg != RREGEXP_PTR(re);
+    if (!tmpreg) RREGEXP(re)->usecnt++;
+
+    OnigPosition result = match(reg, str, regs, args);
+
+    if (!tmpreg) RREGEXP(re)->usecnt--;
+    if (tmpreg) {
+        if (RREGEXP(re)->usecnt) {
+            onig_free(reg);
+        }
+        else {
+            onig_free(RREGEXP_PTR(re));
+            RREGEXP_PTR(re) = reg;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (result < 0) {
+        if (result != ONIG_MISMATCH) {
+            rb_raise(ScanError, "regexp buffer overflow");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+#endif
+
+static OnigPosition
+strscan_match(regex_t *reg, VALUE str, struct re_registers *regs, void *args_ptr)
+{
+    struct strscanner *p = (struct strscanner *)args_ptr;
+
+    return onig_match(reg,
+                      match_target(p),
+                      (UChar* )(CURPTR(p) + S_RESTLEN(p)),
+                      (UChar* )CURPTR(p),
+                      regs,
+                      ONIG_OPTION_NONE);
+}
+
+static OnigPosition
+strscan_search(regex_t *reg, VALUE str, struct re_registers *regs, void *args_ptr)
+{
+    struct strscanner *p = (struct strscanner *)args_ptr;
+
+    return onig_search(reg,
+                       match_target(p),
+                       (UChar *)(CURPTR(p) + S_RESTLEN(p)),
+                       (UChar *)CURPTR(p),
+                       (UChar *)(CURPTR(p) + S_RESTLEN(p)),
+                       regs,
+                       ONIG_OPTION_NONE);
+}
+
 static VALUE
 strscan_do_scan(VALUE self, VALUE pattern, int succptr, int getstr, int headonly)
 {
@@ -560,47 +622,14 @@ strscan_do_scan(VALUE self, VALUE pattern, int succptr, int getstr, int headonly
     }
 
     if (RB_TYPE_P(pattern, T_REGEXP)) {
-        regex_t *rb_reg_prepare_re(VALUE re, VALUE str);
-        regex_t *re;
-        long ret;
-        int tmpreg;
-
         p->regex = pattern;
-        re = rb_reg_prepare_re(pattern, p->str);
-        tmpreg = re != RREGEXP_PTR(pattern);
-        if (!tmpreg) RREGEXP(pattern)->usecnt++;
-
-        if (headonly) {
-            ret = onig_match(re,
-                             match_target(p),
-                             (UChar* )(CURPTR(p) + S_RESTLEN(p)),
-                             (UChar* )CURPTR(p),
-                             &(p->regs),
-                             ONIG_OPTION_NONE);
-        }
-        else {
-            ret = onig_search(re,
-                              match_target(p),
-                              (UChar* )(CURPTR(p) + S_RESTLEN(p)),
-                              (UChar* )CURPTR(p),
-                              (UChar* )(CURPTR(p) + S_RESTLEN(p)),
-                              &(p->regs),
-                              ONIG_OPTION_NONE);
-        }
-        if (!tmpreg) RREGEXP(pattern)->usecnt--;
-        if (tmpreg) {
-            if (RREGEXP(pattern)->usecnt) {
-                onig_free(re);
-            }
-            else {
-                onig_free(RREGEXP_PTR(pattern));
-                RREGEXP_PTR(pattern) = re;
-            }
-        }
+        OnigPosition ret = rb_reg_onig_match(pattern,
+                                             p->str,
+                                             headonly ? strscan_match : strscan_search,
+                                             (void *)p,
+                                             &(p->regs));
 
-        if (ret == -2) rb_raise(ScanError, "regexp buffer overflow");
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            /* not matched */
+        if (ret == ONIG_MISMATCH) {
             return Qnil;
         }
     }
@@ -1038,8 +1067,9 @@ strscan_empty_p(VALUE self)
  * This method is obsolete; use #eos? instead.
  *
  *   s = StringScanner.new('test string')
- *   s.eos?              # These two
- *   s.rest?             # are opposites.
+ *   # These two are opposites
+ *   s.eos? # => false
+ *   s.rest? # => true
  */
 static VALUE
 strscan_rest_p(VALUE self)
@@ -1458,6 +1488,56 @@ strscan_fixed_anchor_p(VALUE self)
     return p->fixed_anchor_p ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
 }
 
+typedef struct {
+    VALUE self;
+    VALUE captures;
+} named_captures_data;
+
+static int
+named_captures_iter(const OnigUChar *name,
+                    const OnigUChar *name_end,
+                    int back_num,
+                    int *back_refs,
+                    OnigRegex regex,
+                    void *arg)
+{
+    named_captures_data *data = arg;
+
+    VALUE key = rb_str_new((const char *)name, name_end - name);
+    VALUE value = RUBY_Qnil;
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < back_num; i++) {
+        value = strscan_aref(data->self, INT2NUM(back_refs[i]));
+    }
+    rb_hash_aset(data->captures, key, value);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   scanner.named_captures -> hash
+ *
+ * Returns a hash of string variables matching the regular expression.
+ *
+ *   scan = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
+ *   scan.match?(/(?<f>foo)(?<r>bar)(?<z>baz)/)
+ *   scan.named_captures # -> {"f"=>"foo", "r"=>"bar", "z"=>"baz"}
+ */
+static VALUE
+strscan_named_captures(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct strscanner *p;
+    GET_SCANNER(self, p);
+    named_captures_data data;
+    data.self = self;
+    data.captures = rb_hash_new();
+    if (!RB_NIL_P(p->regex)) {
+        onig_foreach_name(RREGEXP_PTR(p->regex), named_captures_iter, &data);
+    }
+
+    return data.captures;
+}
+
 /* =======================================================================
                               Ruby Interface
    ======================================================================= */
@@ -1468,6 +1548,8 @@ strscan_fixed_anchor_p(VALUE self)
  * StringScanner provides for lexical scanning operations on a String.  Here is
  * an example of its usage:
  *
+ *   require 'strscan'
+ *
  *   s = StringScanner.new('This is an example string')
  *   s.eos?               # -> false
  *
@@ -1650,4 +1732,6 @@ Init_strscan(void)
     rb_define_method(StringScanner, "inspect",     strscan_inspect,     0);
 
     rb_define_method(StringScanner, "fixed_anchor?", strscan_fixed_anchor_p, 0);
+
+    rb_define_method(StringScanner, "named_captures", strscan_named_captures, 0);
 }
diff --git a/ext/strscan/strscan.gemspec b/ext/strscan/strscan.gemspec
index 5d8119ea4c..8a61c7abe6 100644
--- a/ext/strscan/strscan.gemspec
+++ b/ext/strscan/strscan.gemspec
@@ -16,13 +16,26 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.summary = "Provides lexical scanning operations on a String."
   s.description = "Provides lexical scanning operations on a String."
 
-  s.require_path = %w{lib}
-  s.files = %w{ext/strscan/extconf.rb ext/strscan/strscan.c}
-  s.extensions = %w{ext/strscan/extconf.rb}
+  files = [
+    "COPYING",
+    "LICENSE.txt",
+  ]
+  if RUBY_ENGINE == "jruby"
+    s.require_paths = %w{ext/jruby/lib lib}
+    files << "ext/jruby/lib/strscan.rb"
+    files << "lib/strscan.jar"
+    s.platform = "java"
+  else
+    s.require_paths = %w{lib}
+    files << "ext/strscan/extconf.rb"
+    files << "ext/strscan/strscan.c"
+    s.extensions = %w{ext/strscan/extconf.rb}
+  end
+  s.files = files
   s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.4.0"
 
-  s.authors = ["Minero Aoki", "Sutou Kouhei"]
-  s.email = [nil, "kou@cozmixng.org"]
+  s.authors = ["Minero Aoki", "Sutou Kouhei", "Charles Oliver Nutter"]
+  s.email = [nil, "kou@cozmixng.org", "headius@headius.com"]
   s.homepage = "https://github.com/ruby/strscan"
   s.licenses = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
 end
diff --git a/ext/syslog/depend b/ext/syslog/depend
index 4eea8c3bf9..ee4ac5f47d 100644
--- a/ext/syslog/depend
+++ b/ext/syslog/depend
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -110,7 +111,6 @@ syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 syslog.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/syslog/syslog.c b/ext/syslog/syslog.c
index 8f3674aa8d..4fbbb2ec6e 100644
--- a/ext/syslog/syslog.c
+++ b/ext/syslog/syslog.c
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 #include <syslog.h>
 
+#define SYSLOG_VERSION "0.1.2"
+
 /* Syslog class */
 static VALUE mSyslog;
 /*
@@ -574,6 +576,8 @@ void Init_syslog(void)
 
     /* Syslog macros */
 
+    rb_define_const(mSyslog, "VERSION", rb_str_new_cstr(SYSLOG_VERSION));
+
     rb_define_method(mSyslogMacros, "LOG_MASK", mSyslogMacros_LOG_MASK, 1);
     rb_define_method(mSyslogMacros, "LOG_UPTO", mSyslogMacros_LOG_UPTO, 1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(mSyslogMacros, "included", mSyslogMacros_included, 1);
diff --git a/ext/syslog/syslog.gemspec b/ext/syslog/syslog.gemspec
index 8f73f5ad0d..10a6d1f25c 100644
--- a/ext/syslog/syslog.gemspec
+++ b/ext/syslog/syslog.gemspec
@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
+source_version = %w[. ext/syslog].find do |dir|
+  break $1 if File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "syslog.c")).any?(/^#define\s+SYSLOG_VERSION\s+"(.+)"/)
+rescue Errno::ENOENT
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "syslog"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.0"
+  spec.version       = source_version
   spec.authors       = ["Akinori MUSHA"]
   spec.email         = ["knu@idaemons.org"]
 
   spec.summary       = %q{Ruby interface for the POSIX system logging facility.}
   spec.description   = %q{Ruby interface for the POSIX system logging facility.}
   spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/syslog"
-  spec.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.3.0")
+  spec.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.5.0")
   spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
 
   spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
diff --git a/ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb b/ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb
index b5b99ff684..16a08310ad 100644
--- a/ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb
+++ b/ext/win32/lib/win32/registry.rb
@@ -740,14 +740,11 @@ For detail, see the MSDN[http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/sysinfo/base/pr
     # method returns.
     #
     def write(name, type, data)
-      termsize = 0
       case type
       when REG_SZ, REG_EXPAND_SZ
-        data = data.encode(WCHAR)
-        termsize = WCHAR_SIZE
+        data = data.encode(WCHAR) << WCHAR_NUL
       when REG_MULTI_SZ
         data = data.to_a.map {|s| s.encode(WCHAR)}.join(WCHAR_NUL) << WCHAR_NUL
-        termsize = WCHAR_SIZE
       when REG_BINARY, REG_NONE
         data = data.to_s
       when REG_DWORD
@@ -759,7 +756,7 @@ For detail, see the MSDN[http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/sysinfo/base/pr
       else
         raise TypeError, "Unsupported type #{Registry.type2name(type)}"
       end
-      API.SetValue(@hkey, name, type, data, data.bytesize + termsize)
+      API.SetValue(@hkey, name, type, data, data.bytesize)
     end
 
     #
diff --git a/ext/win32ole/win32ole.c b/ext/win32ole/win32ole.c
index 3f083bb12d..a060165a1c 100644
--- a/ext/win32ole/win32ole.c
+++ b/ext/win32ole/win32ole.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 const IID IID_IMultiLanguage2 = {0xDCCFC164, 0x2B38, 0x11d2, {0xB7, 0xEC, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x4F, 0x8F, 0x5D, 0x9A}};
 #endif
 
-#define WIN32OLE_VERSION "1.8.8"
+#define WIN32OLE_VERSION "1.8.10"
 
 typedef HRESULT (STDAPICALLTYPE FNCOCREATEINSTANCEEX)
     (REFCLSID, IUnknown*, DWORD, COSERVERINFO*, DWORD, MULTI_QI*);
diff --git a/ext/win32ole/win32ole.gemspec b/ext/win32ole/win32ole.gemspec
index 977555c98d..9c137a5d70 100644
--- a/ext/win32ole/win32ole.gemspec
+++ b/ext/win32ole/win32ole.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,16 @@
+source_version = ["", "ext/win32ole/"].find do |dir|
+  begin
+    break File.open(File.join(__dir__, "#{dir}win32ole.c")) {|f|
+      f.gets("\n#define WIN32OLE_VERSION ")
+      f.gets[/\s*"(.+)"/, 1]
+    }
+  rescue Errno::ENOENT
+  end
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "win32ole"
-  spec.version       = "1.8.8"
+  spec.version       = source_version
   spec.authors       = ["Masaki Suketa"]
   spec.email         = ["suke@ruby-lang.org"]
 
diff --git a/ext/zlib/depend b/ext/zlib/depend
index 15186f8266..bdcf6a93e8 100644
--- a/ext/zlib/depend
+++ b/ext/zlib/depend
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h
+zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/pure.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h
@@ -121,7 +122,6 @@ zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/enumerator.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/eval.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
-zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/hash.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/io.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/memory.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/method.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/module.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/newobj.h
-zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
 zlib.o: $(hdrdir)/ruby/internal/static_assert.h
diff --git a/ext/zlib/extconf.rb b/ext/zlib/extconf.rb
index 5477f49178..2b2dbb1a5b 100644
--- a/ext/zlib/extconf.rb
+++ b/ext/zlib/extconf.rb
@@ -11,10 +11,9 @@ require 'rbconfig'
 dir_config 'zlib'
 
 libs = $libs
-if %w'z libz zlib1 zlib zdll zlibwapi'.find {|z| have_library(z, 'deflateReset')} and
-    have_header('zlib.h') then
-  have_zlib = true
-else
+have_zlib = %w'z libz zlib1 zlib zdll zlibwapi'.any? {|z| have_library(z, 'deflateReset(NULL)', 'zlib.h')}
+
+unless have_zlib
   $libs = libs
   unless File.directory?(zsrc = "#{$srcdir}/zlib")
     dirs = Dir.open($srcdir) {|z| z.grep(/\Azlib-\d+[.\d]*\z/) {|x|"#{$srcdir}/#{x}"}}
@@ -121,12 +120,18 @@ if have_zlib
     $defs << "-DHAVE_CRC32_COMBINE"
     $defs << "-DHAVE_ADLER32_COMBINE"
     $defs << "-DHAVE_TYPE_Z_CRC_T"
-    $defs << "-DHAVE_TYPE_Z_SIZE_T"
+    $defs << "-DHAVE_CRC32_Z"
+    $defs << "-DHAVE_ADLER32_Z"
+    $defs << "-DHAVE_ZLIB_SIZE_T_FUNCS"
   else
     have_func('crc32_combine', 'zlib.h')
     have_func('adler32_combine', 'zlib.h')
     have_type('z_crc_t', 'zlib.h')
-    have_type('z_size_t', 'zlib.h')
+    if (have_type('z_size_t', 'zlib.h') &&
+        have_func('crc32_z', 'zlib.h') &&
+        have_func('adler32_z', 'zlib.h'))
+      $defs << "-DHAVE_ZLIB_SIZE_T_FUNCS"
+    end
   end
 
   create_makefile('zlib') {|conf|
diff --git a/ext/zlib/zlib.c b/ext/zlib/zlib.c
index 20079a5d4c..dc608ee460 100644
--- a/ext/zlib/zlib.c
+++ b/ext/zlib/zlib.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 # define VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_UNDEFINED(p, n) 0
 #endif
 
-#define RUBY_ZLIB_VERSION "2.1.1"
+#define RUBY_ZLIB_VERSION "3.1.0"
 
 #ifndef RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS
 # define rb_class_new_instance_kw(argc, argv, klass, kw_splat) rb_class_new_instance(argc, argv, klass)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#if defined(HAVE_TYPE_Z_SIZE_T)
+#if defined(HAVE_ZLIB_SIZE_T_FUNCS)
 typedef uLong (*checksum_func)(uLong, const Bytef*, z_size_t);
 # define crc32 crc32_z
 # define adler32 adler32_z
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ rb_zlib_version(VALUE klass)
 # define mask32(x) (x)
 #endif
 
-#if SIZEOF_LONG > SIZEOF_INT && !defined(HAVE_TYPE_Z_SIZE_T)
+#if SIZEOF_LONG > SIZEOF_INT && !defined(HAVE_ZLIB_SIZE_T_FUNCS)
 static uLong
 checksum_long(uLong (*func)(uLong, const Bytef*, uInt), uLong sum, const Bytef *ptr, long len)
 {
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ zstream_discard_input(struct zstream *z, long len)
 	    z->input = Qnil;
 	}
 	else {
-	    z->input = rb_str_substr(z->input, len,
+	    z->input = rb_str_subseq(z->input, len,
 				     RSTRING_LEN(z->input) - len);
 	}
     }
diff --git a/ext/zlib/zlib.gemspec b/ext/zlib/zlib.gemspec
index 4a5f8f2ee8..bb67ea156c 100644
--- a/ext/zlib/zlib.gemspec
+++ b/ext/zlib/zlib.gemspec
@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = []
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
   spec.extensions    = "ext/zlib/extconf.rb"
-  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.3.0"
+  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5.0"
 end
diff --git a/file.c b/file.c
index 5265d3a3a5..373788b206 100644
--- a/file.c
+++ b/file.c
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ int flock(int, int);
 # define link(f, t)      rb_w32_ulink((f), (t))
 # undef unlink
 # define unlink(p)       rb_w32_uunlink(p)
+# undef readlink
+# define readlink(f, t, l)    rb_w32_ureadlink((f), (t), (l))
 # undef rename
 # define rename(f, t)    rb_w32_urename((f), (t))
 # undef symlink
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ int flock(int, int);
 # endif
 #else
 # define STAT(p, s)      stat((p), (s))
-#endif
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
 #if defined _WIN32 || defined __APPLE__
 # define USE_OSPATH 1
@@ -167,7 +169,6 @@ int flock(int, int);
 #include "internal/thread.h"
 #include "internal/vm.h"
 #include "ruby/encoding.h"
-#include "ruby/io.h"
 #include "ruby/thread.h"
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 
@@ -262,12 +263,52 @@ rb_str_encode_ospath(VALUE path)
         rb_encoding *utf8 = rb_utf8_encoding();
         path = rb_str_conv_enc(path, enc, utf8);
     }
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_OSPATH */
     return path;
 }
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
 # define NORMALIZE_UTF8PATH 1
+
+# ifdef HAVE_WORKING_FORK
+static void
+rb_CFString_class_initialize_before_fork(void)
+{
+    /*
+     * Since macOS 13, CFString family API used in
+     * rb_str_append_normalized_ospath may internally use Objective-C classes
+     * (NSTaggedPointerString and NSPlaceholderMutableString) for small strings.
+     *
+     * On the other hand, Objective-C classes should not be used for the first
+     * time in a fork()'ed but not exec()'ed process. Violations for this rule
+     * can result deadlock during class initialization, so Objective-C runtime
+     * conservatively crashes on such cases by default.
+     *
+     * Therefore, we need to use CFString API to initialize Objective-C classes
+     * used internally *before* fork().
+     *
+     * For future changes, please note that this initialization process cannot
+     * be done in ctor because NSTaggedPointerString in CoreFoundation is enabled
+     * after CFStringInitializeTaggedStrings(), which is called during loading
+     * Objective-C runtime after ctor.
+     * For more details, see https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18912
+     */
+
+    /* Enough small but non-empty ASCII string to fit in NSTaggedPointerString. */
+    const char small_str[] = "/";
+    long len = sizeof(small_str) - 1;
+
+    const CFAllocatorRef alloc = kCFAllocatorDefault;
+    CFStringRef s = CFStringCreateWithBytesNoCopy(alloc,
+                                                  (const UInt8 *)small_str,
+                                                  len, kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+                                                  FALSE, kCFAllocatorNull);
+    CFMutableStringRef m = CFStringCreateMutableCopy(alloc, len, s);
+    CFRelease(m);
+    CFRelease(s);
+}
+# endif /* HAVE_WORKING_FORK */
+
 static VALUE
 rb_str_append_normalized_ospath(VALUE str, const char *ptr, long len)
 {
@@ -367,9 +408,9 @@ ignored_char_p(const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc)
     }
     return 0;
 }
-#else
+#else /* !__APPLE__ */
 # define NORMALIZE_UTF8PATH 0
-#endif
+#endif /* __APPLE__ */
 
 #define apply2args(n) (rb_check_arity(argc, n, UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS), argc-=n)
 
@@ -442,63 +483,29 @@ apply2files(int (*func)(const char *, void *), int argc, VALUE *argv, void *arg)
     return LONG2FIX(argc);
 }
 
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *    path -> filepath
- *
- *  Returns the string filepath used to create +self+:
- *
- *    f = File.new('t.txt') # => #<File:t.txt>
-      f.path                # => "t.txt"
- *
- *  Does not normalize the returned filepath:
- *
- *    f = File.new('../files/t.txt') # => #<File:../files/t.txt>
-      f.path                         # => "../files/t.txt"
- *
- *  Raises IOError for a file created using File::Constants::TMPFILE, because it has no filename.
- *
- *  File#to_path is an alias for File#path.
- *
- */
-
-static VALUE
-rb_file_path(VALUE obj)
-{
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
-
-    fptr = RFILE(rb_io_taint_check(obj))->fptr;
-    rb_io_check_initialized(fptr);
-
-    if (NIL_P(fptr->pathv)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "File is unnamed (TMPFILE?)");
-    }
-
-    return rb_str_dup(fptr->pathv);
-}
-
-static size_t
-stat_memsize(const void *p)
-{
-    return sizeof(struct stat);
-}
-
 static const rb_data_type_t stat_data_type = {
     "stat",
-    {NULL, RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE, stat_memsize,},
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
+    {
+        NULL,
+        RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        NULL, // No external memory to report
+    },
+    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
+};
+
+struct rb_stat {
+    struct stat stat;
+    bool initialized;
 };
 
 static VALUE
 stat_new_0(VALUE klass, const struct stat *st)
 {
-    struct stat *nst = 0;
-    VALUE obj = TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, &stat_data_type, 0);
-
+    struct rb_stat *rb_st;
+    VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, struct rb_stat, &stat_data_type, rb_st);
     if (st) {
-        nst = ALLOC(struct stat);
-        *nst = *st;
-        RTYPEDDATA_DATA(obj) = nst;
+        rb_st->stat = *st;
+        rb_st->initialized = true;
     }
     return obj;
 }
@@ -512,10 +519,10 @@ rb_stat_new(const struct stat *st)
 static struct stat*
 get_stat(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct stat* st;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct stat, &stat_data_type, st);
-    if (!st) rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "uninitialized File::Stat");
-    return st;
+    struct rb_stat* rb_st;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_stat, &stat_data_type, rb_st);
+    if (!rb_st->initialized) rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "uninitialized File::Stat");
+    return &rb_st->stat;
 }
 
 static struct timespec stat_mtimespec(const struct stat *st);
@@ -957,7 +964,7 @@ typedef struct stat statx_data;
 # define stat_birthtime stat_ctime
 #else
 # undef HAVE_STAT_BIRTHTIME
-#endif
+#endif /* defined(HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMESPEC) */
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
@@ -1086,9 +1093,9 @@ rb_stat_inspect(VALUE self)
 #endif
     };
 
-    struct stat* st;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct stat, &stat_data_type, st);
-    if (!st) {
+    struct rb_stat* rb_st;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_stat, &stat_data_type, rb_st);
+    if (!rb_st->initialized) {
         return rb_sprintf("#<%s: uninitialized>", rb_obj_classname(self));
     }
 
@@ -1182,8 +1189,8 @@ statx(int dirfd, const char *pathname, int flags,
 {
     return (int)syscall(__NR_statx, dirfd, pathname, flags, mask, statxbuf);
 }
-#   endif
-# endif
+#   endif /* __linux__ */
+# endif /* HAVE_STATX */
 
 typedef struct no_gvl_statx_data {
     struct statx *stx;
@@ -1282,7 +1289,8 @@ typedef struct statx statx_data;
 # define rb_statx(file, st, mask) rb_stat(file, st)
 #else
 # define statx_has_birthtime(st) 0
-#endif
+#endif /* !defined(HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMESPEC) && \
+        defined(HAVE_STRUCT_STATX_STX_BTIME) */
 
 static int
 rb_stat(VALUE file, struct stat *st)
@@ -1471,7 +1479,7 @@ rb_group_member(GETGROUPS_T gid)
         ALLOCV_END(v);
 
     return rv;
-#endif
+#endif /* defined(_WIN32) || !defined(HAVE_GETGROUPS) */
 }
 
 #ifndef S_IXUGO
@@ -1522,9 +1530,9 @@ eaccess(const char *path, int mode)
     return -1;
 #else
     return access(path, mode);
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_GETEUID */
 }
-#endif
+#endif /* HAVE_EACCESS */
 
 struct access_arg {
     const char *path;
@@ -1586,8 +1594,6 @@ rb_access(VALUE fname, int mode)
  */
 
 /*
- * Document-method: directory?
- *
  * call-seq:
  *   File.directory?(path) -> true or false
  *
@@ -1723,8 +1729,8 @@ rb_file_socket_p(VALUE obj, VALUE fname)
 
     if (rb_stat(fname, &st) < 0) return Qfalse;
     if (S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode)) return Qtrue;
-
 #endif
+
     return Qfalse;
 }
 
@@ -1766,7 +1772,7 @@ rb_file_blockdev_p(VALUE obj, VALUE fname)
  *
  * Returns +true+ if +filepath+ points to a character device, +false+ otherwise.
  *
-  *  File.chardev?($stdin)     # => true
+ *   File.chardev?($stdin)     # => true
  *   File.chardev?('t.txt')     # => false
  *
  */
@@ -2447,6 +2453,7 @@ rb_file_ctime(VALUE obj)
     return stat_ctime(&st);
 }
 
+#if defined(HAVE_STAT_BIRTHTIME)
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *     File.birthtime(file_name)  -> time
@@ -2461,7 +2468,6 @@ rb_file_ctime(VALUE obj)
  *
  */
 
-#if defined(HAVE_STAT_BIRTHTIME)
 RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
 rb_file_s_birthtime(VALUE klass, VALUE fname)
 {
@@ -2507,17 +2513,7 @@ rb_file_birthtime(VALUE obj)
 # define rb_file_birthtime rb_f_notimplement
 #endif
 
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *     file.size    -> integer
- *
- *  Returns the size of <i>file</i> in bytes.
- *
- *     File.new("testfile").size   #=> 66
- *
- */
-
-off_t
+rb_off_t
 rb_file_size(VALUE file)
 {
     if (RB_TYPE_P(file, T_FILE)) {
@@ -2540,6 +2536,16 @@ rb_file_size(VALUE file)
     }
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     file.size    -> integer
+ *
+ *  Returns the size of <i>file</i> in bytes.
+ *
+ *     File.new("testfile").size   #=> 66
+ *
+ */
+
 static VALUE
 file_size(VALUE self)
 {
@@ -2829,34 +2835,32 @@ utime_failed(struct apply_arg *aa)
     }
     rb_syserr_fail_path(e, path);
 }
-#endif
+#endif /* UTIME_EINVAL */
 
 #if defined(HAVE_UTIMES)
 
-# if defined(__APPLE__) && \
+# if !defined(HAVE_UTIMENSAT)
+/* utimensat() is not found, runtime check is not needed */
+# elif defined(__APPLE__) && \
     (!defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_13_0) || (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_13_0))
 
 #   if defined(__has_attribute) && __has_attribute(availability)
 typedef int utimensat_func(int, const char *, const struct timespec [2], int);
 
-RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH();
-RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wunguarded-availability-new);
+RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH()
+RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wunguarded-availability-new)
 static inline utimensat_func *
 rb_utimensat(void)
 {
     return &utimensat;
 }
-RBIMPL_WARNING_POP();
+RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
 
 #   define utimensat rb_utimensat()
 #   else /* __API_AVAILABLE macro does nothing on gcc */
 __attribute__((weak)) int utimensat(int, const char *, const struct timespec [2], int);
-#   endif
-
-#   define utimensat_available_p() (utimensat != NULL)
-# else
-#   define utimensat_available_p() 1
-# endif
+#   endif /* defined(__has_attribute) && __has_attribute(availability) */
+# endif /* __APPLE__ && < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_13_0 */
 
 static int
 utime_internal(const char *path, void *arg)
@@ -2869,15 +2873,15 @@ utime_internal(const char *path, void *arg)
 # if defined(__APPLE__)
     const int try_utimensat = utimensat != NULL;
     const int try_utimensat_follow = utimensat != NULL;
-# else
+# else /* !__APPLE__ */
 #   define TRY_UTIMENSAT 1
     static int try_utimensat = 1;
-# ifdef AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
+#   ifdef AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
     static int try_utimensat_follow = 1;
-# else
+#   else
     const int try_utimensat_follow = 0;
-# endif
-# endif
+#   endif
+# endif /* __APPLE__ */
     int flags = 0;
 
     if (v->follow ? try_utimensat_follow : try_utimensat) {
@@ -2892,15 +2896,15 @@ utime_internal(const char *path, void *arg)
         if (result < 0 && errno == ENOSYS) {
 # ifdef AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
             try_utimensat_follow = 0;
-# endif
+# endif /* AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW */
             if (!v->follow)
                 try_utimensat = 0;
         }
         else
-# endif
+# endif /* TRY_UTIMESAT */
             return result;
     }
-#endif
+#endif /* defined(HAVE_UTIMENSAT) */
 
     if (tsp) {
         tvbuf[0].tv_sec = tsp[0].tv_sec;
@@ -2915,7 +2919,7 @@ utime_internal(const char *path, void *arg)
     return utimes(path, tvp);
 }
 
-#else
+#else /* !defined(HAVE_UTIMES) */
 
 #if !defined HAVE_UTIME_H && !defined HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H
 struct utimbuf {
@@ -2937,8 +2941,7 @@ utime_internal(const char *path, void *arg)
     }
     return utime(path, utp);
 }
-
-#endif
+#endif /* !defined(HAVE_UTIMES) */
 
 static VALUE
 utime_internal_i(int argc, VALUE *argv, int follow)
@@ -3114,7 +3117,6 @@ rb_file_s_readlink(VALUE klass, VALUE path)
     return rb_readlink(path, rb_filesystem_encoding());
 }
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
 struct readlink_arg {
     const char *path;
     char *buf;
@@ -3170,7 +3172,6 @@ rb_readlink(VALUE path, rb_encoding *enc)
 
     return v;
 }
-#endif
 #else
 #define rb_file_s_readlink rb_f_notimplement
 #endif
@@ -3311,12 +3312,13 @@ static const char file_alt_separator[] = {FILE_ALT_SEPARATOR, '\0'};
 #endif
 
 #ifndef USE_NTFS
-#if defined _WIN32
-#define USE_NTFS 1
-#else
-#define USE_NTFS 0
-#endif
+#  if defined _WIN32
+#    define USE_NTFS 1
+#  else
+#    define USE_NTFS 0
+#  endif
 #endif
+
 #ifndef USE_NTFS_ADS
 # if USE_NTFS
 #   define USE_NTFS_ADS 1
@@ -3330,6 +3332,7 @@ static const char file_alt_separator[] = {FILE_ALT_SEPARATOR, '\0'};
 #else
 #define istrailinggarbage(x) 0
 #endif
+
 #if USE_NTFS_ADS
 # define isADS(x) ((x) == ':')
 #else
@@ -3397,8 +3400,8 @@ not_same_drive(VALUE path, int drive)
         return has_unc(p);
     }
 }
-#endif
-#endif
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+#endif /* DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER */
 
 static inline char *
 skiproot(const char *path, const char *end, rb_encoding *enc)
@@ -3442,7 +3445,7 @@ rb_enc_path_skip_prefix(const char *path, const char *end, rb_encoding *enc)
     if (has_drive_letter(path))
         return (char *)(path + 2);
 #endif
-#endif
+#endif /* defined(DOSISH_UNC) || defined(DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER) */
     return (char *)path;
 }
 
@@ -3537,7 +3540,7 @@ ntfs_tail(const char *path, const char *end, rb_encoding *enc)
     }
     return (char *)path;
 }
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_NTFS */
 
 #define BUFCHECK(cond) do {\
     bdiff = p - buf;\
@@ -3642,7 +3645,7 @@ rb_home_dir_of(VALUE user, VALUE result)
     return result;
 }
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
+#ifndef _WIN32 /* this encompasses rb_file_expand_path_internal */
 VALUE
 rb_default_home_dir(VALUE result)
 {
@@ -3672,7 +3675,7 @@ rb_default_home_dir(VALUE result)
         if (NIL_P(login_name)) {
             rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "couldn't find login name -- expanding `~'");
         }
-# endif
+# endif /* !defined(HAVE_GETPWUID_R) && !defined(HAVE_GETPWUID) */
 
         VALUE pw_dir = rb_getpwdirnam_for_login(login_name);
         if (NIL_P(pw_dir)) {
@@ -3687,7 +3690,7 @@ rb_default_home_dir(VALUE result)
         rb_str_resize(pw_dir, 0);
         return result;
     }
-#endif
+#endif /* defined HAVE_PWD_H */
     if (!dir) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "couldn't find HOME environment -- expanding `~'");
     }
@@ -3817,7 +3820,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
             s += 2;
         }
     }
-#endif
+#endif /* DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER */
     else if (!rb_is_absolute_path(s)) {
         if (!NIL_P(dname)) {
             rb_file_expand_path_internal(dname, Qnil, abs_mode, long_name, result);
@@ -3837,7 +3840,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
             p = skipprefix(buf, p, enc);
         }
         else
-#endif
+#endif /* defined DOSISH || defined __CYGWIN__ */
             p = chompdirsep(skiproot(buf, p, enc), p, enc);
     }
     else {
@@ -3890,7 +3893,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
                     else {
                         do ++s; while (istrailinggarbage(*s));
                     }
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_NTFS */
                     break;
                   case '/':
 #if defined DOSISH || defined __CYGWIN__
@@ -3915,7 +3918,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
                 }
               }
             }
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_NTFS */
             break;
           case '/':
 #if defined DOSISH || defined __CYGWIN__
@@ -3940,7 +3943,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
                     break;
                 }
             }
-#endif
+#endif /* __APPLE__ */
             Inc(s, fend, enc);
             break;
         }
@@ -3964,8 +3967,8 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
                 s -= prime_len;	/* alternative */
             }
         }
-# endif
-#endif
+# endif /* USE_NTFS_ADS */
+#endif /* USE_NTFS */
         BUFCOPY(b, s-b);
         rb_str_set_len(result, p-buf);
     }
@@ -3986,7 +3989,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
         const int flags = CCP_POSIX_TO_WIN_A | CCP_RELATIVE;
 #else
         char w32buf[MAXPATHLEN];
-#endif
+#endif /* HAVE_CYGWIN_CONV_PATH */
         const char *path;
         ssize_t bufsize;
         int lnk_added = 0, is_symlink = 0;
@@ -4010,12 +4013,12 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
                 b = w32buf;
             }
         }
-#else
+#else /* !HAVE_CYGWIN_CONV_PATH */
         bufsize = MAXPATHLEN;
         if (cygwin_conv_to_win32_path(path, w32buf) == 0) {
             b = w32buf;
         }
-#endif
+#endif /* !HAVE_CYGWIN_CONV_PATH */
         if (is_symlink && b == w32buf) {
             *p = '\\';
             strlcat(w32buf, p, bufsize);
@@ -4027,7 +4030,7 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
             lnk_added = 0;
         }
         *p = '/';
-#endif
+#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
         rb_str_set_len(result, p - buf + strlen(p));
         encidx = ENCODING_GET(result);
         tmp = result;
@@ -4075,14 +4078,14 @@ rb_file_expand_path_internal(VALUE fname, VALUE dname, int abs_mode, int long_na
         }
 #endif
     }
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_NTFS */
 
     rb_str_set_len(result, p - buf);
     rb_enc_check(fname, result);
     ENC_CODERANGE_CLEAR(result);
     return result;
 }
-#endif /* _WIN32 */
+#endif /* !_WIN32 (this ifdef started above rb_default_home_dir) */
 
 #define EXPAND_PATH_BUFFER() rb_usascii_str_new(0, 1)
 
@@ -4322,7 +4325,7 @@ realpath_rec(long *prefixlenp, VALUE *resolvedp, const char *unresolved, VALUE f
                     rb_hash_aset(loopcheck, testpath, rb_str_dup_frozen(*resolvedp));
                 }
                 else
-#endif
+#endif /* HAVE_READLINK */
                 {
                     VALUE s = rb_str_dup_frozen(testpath);
                     rb_hash_aset(loopcheck, s, s);
@@ -4491,7 +4494,7 @@ rb_check_realpath_internal(VALUE basedir, VALUE path, rb_encoding *origenc, enum
         }
         rb_sys_fail_path(unresolved_path);
     }
-# endif
+# endif /* !defined(__LINUX__) && !defined(__APPLE__) */
 
     if (origenc && origenc != rb_enc_get(resolved)) {
         if (!rb_enc_str_asciionly_p(resolved)) {
@@ -4500,16 +4503,16 @@ rb_check_realpath_internal(VALUE basedir, VALUE path, rb_encoding *origenc, enum
         rb_enc_associate(resolved, origenc);
     }
 
-    if (rb_enc_str_coderange(resolved) == ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN) {
+    if (is_broken_string(resolved)) {
         rb_enc_associate(resolved, rb_filesystem_encoding());
-        if (rb_enc_str_coderange(resolved) == ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN) {
+        if (is_broken_string(resolved)) {
             rb_enc_associate(resolved, rb_ascii8bit_encoding());
         }
     }
 
     RB_GC_GUARD(unresolved_path);
     return resolved;
-#else
+#else /* !HAVE_REALPATH */
     if (mode == RB_REALPATH_CHECK) {
         VALUE arg[3];
         arg[0] = basedir;
@@ -4606,7 +4609,7 @@ rmext(const char *p, long l0, long l1, const char *e, long l2, rb_encoding *enc)
     if (l1 < l2) return l1;
 
     s = p+l1-l2;
-    if (rb_enc_left_char_head(p, s, p+l1, enc) != s) return 0;
+    if (!at_char_boundary(p, s, p+l1, enc)) return 0;
 #if CASEFOLD_FILESYSTEM
 #define fncomp strncasecmp
 #else
@@ -4646,13 +4649,13 @@ ruby_enc_find_basename(const char *name, long *baselen, long *alllen, rb_encodin
             p++;
             f = 0;
         }
-#endif
+#endif /* DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER */
 #ifdef DOSISH_UNC
         else {
             p = "/";
         }
-#endif
-#endif
+#endif /* DOSISH_UNC */
+#endif /* defined DOSISH_DRIVE_LETTER || defined DOSISH_UNC */
     }
     else {
         if (!(p = strrdirsep(name, end, enc))) {
@@ -4862,7 +4865,7 @@ rb_file_dirname_n(VALUE fname, int n)
  *   dotfile       top       0
  *   end with dot  dot       1
  *   .ext          dot       len of .ext
- *   .ext:stream   dot       len of .ext without :stream (NT only)
+ *   .ext:stream   dot       len of .ext without :stream (NTFS only)
  *
  */
 const char *
@@ -4894,7 +4897,7 @@ ruby_enc_find_extname(const char *name, long *len, rb_encoding *enc)
             continue;
 #else
             e = p;	  /* get the last dot of the last component */
-#endif
+#endif /* USE_NTFS */
         }
 #if USE_NTFS
         else if (isADS(*p)) {
@@ -4967,7 +4970,7 @@ rb_file_s_extname(VALUE klass, VALUE fname)
  *
  *  Returns the string representation of the path
  *
- *     File.path("/dev/null")          #=> "/dev/null"
+ *     File.path(File::NULL)           #=> "/dev/null"
  *     File.path(Pathname.new("/tmp")) #=> "/tmp"
  *
  */
@@ -5086,41 +5089,17 @@ rb_file_s_join(VALUE klass, VALUE args)
     return rb_file_join(args);
 }
 
-#if defined(HAVE_TRUNCATE) || defined(HAVE_CHSIZE)
+#if defined(HAVE_TRUNCATE)
 struct truncate_arg {
     const char *path;
-#if defined(HAVE_TRUNCATE)
-#define NUM2POS(n) NUM2OFFT(n)
-    off_t pos;
-#else
-#define NUM2POS(n) NUM2LONG(n)
-    long pos;
-#endif
+    rb_off_t pos;
 };
 
 static void *
 nogvl_truncate(void *ptr)
 {
     struct truncate_arg *ta = ptr;
-#ifdef HAVE_TRUNCATE
     return (void *)(VALUE)truncate(ta->path, ta->pos);
-#else /* defined(HAVE_CHSIZE) */
-    {
-        int tmpfd = rb_cloexec_open(ta->path, 0, 0);
-
-        if (tmpfd < 0)
-            return (void *)-1;
-        rb_update_max_fd(tmpfd);
-        if (chsize(tmpfd, ta->pos) < 0) {
-            int e = errno;
-            close(tmpfd);
-            errno = e;
-            return (void *)-1;
-        }
-        close(tmpfd);
-        return 0;
-    }
-#endif
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5144,7 +5123,7 @@ rb_file_s_truncate(VALUE klass, VALUE path, VALUE len)
     struct truncate_arg ta;
     int r;
 
-    ta.pos = NUM2POS(len);
+    ta.pos = NUM2OFFT(len);
     FilePathValue(path);
     path = rb_str_encode_ospath(path);
     ta.path = StringValueCStr(path);
@@ -5154,22 +5133,15 @@ rb_file_s_truncate(VALUE klass, VALUE path, VALUE len)
     if (r < 0)
         rb_sys_fail_path(path);
     return INT2FIX(0);
-#undef NUM2POS
 }
 #else
 #define rb_file_s_truncate rb_f_notimplement
 #endif
 
-#if defined(HAVE_FTRUNCATE) || defined(HAVE_CHSIZE)
+#if defined(HAVE_FTRUNCATE)
 struct ftruncate_arg {
     int fd;
-#if defined(HAVE_FTRUNCATE)
-#define NUM2POS(n) NUM2OFFT(n)
-    off_t pos;
-#else
-#define NUM2POS(n) NUM2LONG(n)
-    long pos;
-#endif
+    rb_off_t pos;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5177,11 +5149,7 @@ nogvl_ftruncate(void *ptr)
 {
     struct ftruncate_arg *fa = ptr;
 
-#ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE
     return (VALUE)ftruncate(fa->fd, fa->pos);
-#else /* defined(HAVE_CHSIZE) */
-    return (VALUE)chsize(fa->fd, fa->pos);
-#endif
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5204,7 +5172,7 @@ rb_file_truncate(VALUE obj, VALUE len)
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     struct ftruncate_arg fa;
 
-    fa.pos = NUM2POS(len);
+    fa.pos = NUM2OFFT(len);
     GetOpenFile(obj, fptr);
     if (!(fptr->mode & FMODE_WRITABLE)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "not opened for writing");
@@ -5215,7 +5183,6 @@ rb_file_truncate(VALUE obj, VALUE len)
         rb_sys_fail_path(fptr->pathv);
     }
     return INT2FIX(0);
-#undef NUM2POS
 }
 #else
 #define rb_file_truncate rb_f_notimplement
@@ -5255,47 +5222,75 @@ rb_thread_flock(void *data)
     return (VALUE)ret;
 }
 
-/*
+/*  :markup: markdown
+ *
  *  call-seq:
- *     file.flock(locking_constant) -> 0 or false
- *
- *  Locks or unlocks a file according to <i>locking_constant</i> (a
- *  logical <em>or</em> of the values in the table below).
- *  Returns <code>false</code> if File::LOCK_NB is specified and the
- *  operation would otherwise have blocked. Not available on all
- *  platforms.
- *
- *  Locking constants (in class File):
- *
- *     LOCK_EX   | Exclusive lock. Only one process may hold an
- *               | exclusive lock for a given file at a time.
- *     ----------+------------------------------------------------
- *     LOCK_NB   | Don't block when locking. May be combined
- *               | with other lock options using logical or.
- *     ----------+------------------------------------------------
- *     LOCK_SH   | Shared lock. Multiple processes may each hold a
- *               | shared lock for a given file at the same time.
- *     ----------+------------------------------------------------
- *     LOCK_UN   | Unlock.
+ *    flock(locking_constant) -> 0 or false
  *
+ *  Locks or unlocks a file according to the given `locking_constant`,
+ *  a bitwise OR of the values in the table below.
+ *
+ *  Not available on all platforms.
+ *
+ *  Returns `false` if `File::LOCK_NB` is specified and the operation would have blocked;
+ *  otherwise returns `0`.
+ *  <br>
+ *
+ *  <table>
+ *    <tr>
+ *      <th colspan="3">Locking Constants</th>
+ *    </tr>
+ *    <tr>
+ *      <th>Constant</th>
+ *      <th>Lock</th>
+ *      <th>Effect</th>
+ *    </tr>
+ *    <tr>
+ *    <td><tt>File::LOCK_EX</tt></td>
+ *    <td>Exclusive</td>
+ *      <td>Only one process may hold an exclusive lock for <tt>self</tt> at a time.</td>
+ *    </tr>
+ *    <tr>
+ *      <td><tt>File::LOCK_NB</tt></td>
+ *      <td>Non-blocking</td>
+ *      <td>
+ *        No blocking; may be combined with other <tt>File::LOCK_SH</tt> or <tt>File::LOCK_EX</tt>
+ *        using the bitwise OR operator <tt>|</tt>.
+ *      </td>
+ *    </tr>
+ *    <tr>
+ *      <td><tt>File::LOCK_SH</tt></td>
+ *      <td>Shared</td>
+ *      <td>Multiple processes may each hold a shared lock for <tt>self</tt> at the same time.</td>
+ *    </tr>
+ *    <tr>
+ *      <td><tt>File::LOCK_UN</tt></td>
+ *      <td>Unlock</td>
+ *      <td>Remove an existing lock held by this process.</td>
+ *    </tr>
+ *  </table>
+ *
+ *  <br>
  *  Example:
  *
- *     # update a counter using write lock
- *     # don't use "w" because it truncates the file before lock.
- *     File.open("counter", File::RDWR|File::CREAT, 0644) {|f|
- *       f.flock(File::LOCK_EX)
- *       value = f.read.to_i + 1
- *       f.rewind
- *       f.write("#{value}\n")
- *       f.flush
- *       f.truncate(f.pos)
- *     }
- *
- *     # read the counter using read lock
- *     File.open("counter", "r") {|f|
- *       f.flock(File::LOCK_SH)
- *       p f.read
- *     }
+ *  ```ruby
+ *  # Update a counter using an exclusive lock.
+ *  # Don't use File::WRONLY because it truncates the file.
+ *  File.open('counter', File::RDWR | File::CREAT, 0644) do |f|
+ *    f.flock(File::LOCK_EX)
+ *    value = f.read.to_i + 1
+ *    f.rewind
+ *    f.write("#{value}\n")
+ *    f.flush
+ *    f.truncate(f.pos)
+ *  end
+ *
+ *  # Read the counter using a shared lock.
+ *  File.open('counter', 'r') do |f|
+ *    f.flock(File::LOCK_SH)
+ *    f.read
+ *  end
+ *  ```
  *
  */
 
@@ -5375,8 +5370,7 @@ test_check(int n, int argc, VALUE *argv)
  *    "d"  | boolean | True if file1 exists and is a directory
  *    "e"  | boolean | True if file1 exists
  *    "f"  | boolean | True if file1 exists and is a regular file
- *    "g"  | boolean | True if file1 has the \CF{setgid} bit
- *         |         | set (false under NT)
+ *    "g"  | boolean | True if file1 has the setgid bit set
  *    "G"  | boolean | True if file1 exists and has a group
  *         |         | ownership equal to the caller's group
  *    "k"  | boolean | True if file1 exists and has the sticky bit set
@@ -5592,20 +5586,19 @@ rb_stat_s_alloc(VALUE klass)
 static VALUE
 rb_stat_init(VALUE obj, VALUE fname)
 {
-    struct stat st, *nst;
+    struct stat st;
 
     FilePathValue(fname);
     fname = rb_str_encode_ospath(fname);
     if (STAT(StringValueCStr(fname), &st) == -1) {
         rb_sys_fail_path(fname);
     }
-    if (DATA_PTR(obj)) {
-        xfree(DATA_PTR(obj));
-        DATA_PTR(obj) = NULL;
-    }
-    nst = ALLOC(struct stat);
-    *nst = st;
-    DATA_PTR(obj) = nst;
+
+    struct rb_stat *rb_st;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct rb_stat, &stat_data_type, rb_st);
+
+    rb_st->stat = st;
+    rb_st->initialized = true;
 
     return Qnil;
 }
@@ -5614,19 +5607,15 @@ rb_stat_init(VALUE obj, VALUE fname)
 static VALUE
 rb_stat_init_copy(VALUE copy, VALUE orig)
 {
-    struct stat *nst;
-
     if (!OBJ_INIT_COPY(copy, orig)) return copy;
-    if (DATA_PTR(copy)) {
-        xfree(DATA_PTR(copy));
-        DATA_PTR(copy) = 0;
-    }
-    if (DATA_PTR(orig)) {
-        nst = ALLOC(struct stat);
-        *nst = *(struct stat*)DATA_PTR(orig);
-        DATA_PTR(copy) = nst;
-    }
 
+    struct rb_stat *orig_rb_st;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(orig, struct rb_stat, &stat_data_type, orig_rb_st);
+
+    struct rb_stat *copy_rb_st;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(copy, struct rb_stat, &stat_data_type, copy_rb_st);
+
+    *copy_rb_st = *orig_rb_st;
     return copy;
 }
 
@@ -5807,7 +5796,7 @@ rb_stat_rowned(VALUE obj)
  *     stat.grpowned?   -> true or false
  *
  *  Returns true if the effective group id of the process is the same as
- *  the group id of <i>stat</i>. On Windows NT, returns <code>false</code>.
+ *  the group id of <i>stat</i>. On Windows, returns <code>false</code>.
  *
  *     File.stat("testfile").grpowned?      #=> true
  *     File.stat("/etc/passwd").grpowned?   #=> false
@@ -5910,10 +5899,8 @@ rb_stat_wr(VALUE obj)
     if ((st->st_mode & (S_IROTH)) == S_IROTH) {
         return UINT2NUM(st->st_mode & (S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO|S_IXUGO));
     }
-    else {
-        return Qnil;
-    }
 #endif
+    return Qnil;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5998,15 +5985,13 @@ rb_stat_W(VALUE obj)
 static VALUE
 rb_stat_ww(VALUE obj)
 {
-#ifdef S_IROTH
+#ifdef S_IWOTH
     struct stat *st = get_stat(obj);
     if ((st->st_mode & (S_IWOTH)) == S_IWOTH) {
         return UINT2NUM(st->st_mode & (S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO|S_IXUGO));
     }
-    else {
-        return Qnil;
-    }
 #endif
+    return Qnil;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6122,14 +6107,14 @@ rb_stat_z(VALUE obj)
  *  the file otherwise.
  *
  *     File.stat("testfile").size?   #=> 66
- *     File.stat("/dev/null").size?  #=> nil
+ *     File.stat(File::NULL).size?   #=> nil
  *
  */
 
 static VALUE
 rb_stat_s(VALUE obj)
 {
-    off_t size = get_stat(obj)->st_size;
+    rb_off_t size = get_stat(obj)->st_size;
 
     if (size == 0) return Qnil;
     return OFFT2NUM(size);
@@ -6405,7 +6390,11 @@ rb_file_load_ok(const char *path)
 #endif
                 0);
     int fd = rb_cloexec_open(path, mode, 0);
-    if (fd == -1) return 0;
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        if (!rb_gc_for_fd(errno)) return 0;
+        fd = rb_cloexec_open(path, mode, 0);
+        if (fd < 0) return 0;
+    }
     rb_update_max_fd(fd);
     ret = ruby_is_fd_loadable(fd);
     (void)close(fd);
@@ -6540,12 +6529,10 @@ rb_find_file(VALUE path)
     return copy_path_class(tmp, path);
 }
 
-static void
-define_filetest_function(const char *name, VALUE (*func)(ANYARGS), int argc)
-{
-    rb_define_module_function(rb_mFileTest, name, func, argc);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFile, name, func, argc);
-}
+#define define_filetest_function(name, func, argc) do {        \
+    rb_define_module_function(rb_mFileTest, name, func, argc); \
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cFile, name, func, argc);    \
+} while(false)
 
 const char ruby_null_device[] =
 #if defined DOSISH
@@ -6565,6 +6552,602 @@ const char ruby_null_device[] =
  *  \Class \File extends module FileTest, supporting such singleton methods
  *  as <tt>File.exist?</tt>.
  *
+ *  == About the Examples
+ *
+ *  Many examples here use these variables:
+ *
+ *    :include: doc/examples/files.rdoc
+ *
+ *  == Access Modes
+ *
+ *  Methods File.new and File.open each create a \File object for a given file path.
+ *
+ *  === \String Access Modes
+ *
+ *  Methods File.new and File.open each may take string argument +mode+, which:
+ *
+ *  - Begins with a 1- or 2-character
+ *    {read/write mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Read-2FWrite+Mode].
+ *  - May also contain a 1-character {data mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Data+Mode].
+ *  - May also contain a 1-character
+ *    {file-create mode}[rdoc-ref:File@File-Create+Mode].
+ *
+ *  ==== Read/Write Mode
+ *
+ *  The read/write +mode+ determines:
+ *
+ *  - Whether the file is to be initially truncated.
+ *
+ *  - Whether reading is allowed, and if so:
+ *
+ *    - The initial read position in the file.
+ *    - Where in the file reading can occur.
+ *
+ *  - Whether writing is allowed, and if so:
+ *
+ *    - The initial write position in the file.
+ *    - Where in the file writing can occur.
+ *
+ *  These tables summarize:
+ *
+ *    Read/Write Modes for Existing File
+ *
+ *    |------|-----------|----------|----------|----------|-----------|
+ *    | R/W  | Initial   |          | Initial  |          | Initial   |
+ *    | Mode | Truncate? |  Read    | Read Pos |  Write   | Write Pos |
+ *    |------|-----------|----------|----------|----------|-----------|
+ *    | 'r'  |    No     | Anywhere |    0     |   Error  |     -     |
+ *    | 'w'  |    Yes    |   Error  |    -     | Anywhere |     0     |
+ *    | 'a'  |    No     |   Error  |    -     | End only |    End    |
+ *    | 'r+' |    No     | Anywhere |    0     | Anywhere |     0     |
+ *    | 'w+' |    Yes    | Anywhere |    0     | Anywhere |     0     |
+ *    | 'a+' |    No     | Anywhere |   End    | End only |    End    |
+ *    |------|-----------|----------|----------|----------|-----------|
+ *
+ *    Read/Write Modes for \File To Be Created
+ *
+ *    |------|----------|----------|----------|-----------|
+ *    | R/W  |          | Initial  |          | Initial   |
+ *    | Mode |  Read    | Read Pos |  Write   | Write Pos |
+ *    |------|----------|----------|----------|-----------|
+ *    | 'w'  |   Error  |    -     | Anywhere |     0     |
+ *    | 'a'  |   Error  |    -     | End only |     0     |
+ *    | 'w+' | Anywhere |    0     | Anywhere |     0     |
+ *    | 'a+' | Anywhere |    0     | End only |    End    |
+ *    |------|----------|----------|----------|-----------|
+ *
+ *  Note that modes <tt>'r'</tt> and <tt>'r+'</tt> are not allowed
+ *  for a non-existent file (exception raised).
+ *
+ *  In the tables:
+ *
+ *  - +Anywhere+ means that methods IO#rewind, IO#pos=, and IO#seek
+ *    may be used to change the file's position,
+ *    so that allowed reading or writing may occur anywhere in the file.
+ *  - <tt>End only</tt> means that writing can occur only at end-of-file,
+ *    and that methods IO#rewind, IO#pos=, and IO#seek do not affect writing.
+ *  - +Error+ means that an exception is raised if disallowed reading or writing
+ *    is attempted.
+ *
+ *  ===== Read/Write Modes for Existing \File
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'r'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File is not initially truncated:
+ *
+ *        f = File.new('t.txt') # => #<File:t.txt>
+ *        f.size == 0           # => false
+ *
+ *    - File's initial read position is 0:
+ *
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be read anywhere; see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.readline # => "First line\n"
+ *        f.readline # => "Second line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.readline # => "First line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 1
+ *        f.readline # => "irst line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(1, :CUR)
+ *        f.readline # => "econd line\n"
+ *
+ *    - Writing is not allowed:
+ *
+ *        f.write('foo') # Raises IOError.
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'w'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File is initially truncated:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        File.write(path, text)
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'w')
+ *        f.size == 0 # => true
+ *
+ *    - File's initial write position is 0:
+ *
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be written anywhere (even past end-of-file);
+ *      see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foo"
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobar"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbar"
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 3
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazfoo"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-3, :END)
+ *        f.write('bam')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbam"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 8
+ *        f.write('bah')  # Zero padding as needed.
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbam\u0000\u0000bah"
+ *        f.pos # => 11
+ *
+ *    - Reading is not allowed:
+ *
+ *        f.read # Raises IOError.
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'a'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File is not initially truncated:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        File.write(path, 'foo')
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'a')
+ *        f.size == 0 # => false
+ *
+ *    - File's initial position is 0 (but is ignored):
+ *
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be written only at end-of-file;
+ *      IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek do not affect writing:
+ *
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobar"
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobarbaz"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('bat')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobarbazbat"
+ *
+ *    - Reading is not allowed:
+ *
+ *        f.read # Raises IOError.
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'r+'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File is not initially truncated:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        File.write(path, text)
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'r+')
+ *        f.size == 0 # => false
+ *
+ *    - File's initial read position is 0:
+ *
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be read or written anywhere (even past end-of-file);
+ *      see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.readline # => "First line\n"
+ *        f.readline # => "Second line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.readline # => "First line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 1
+ *        f.readline # => "irst line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(1, :CUR)
+ *        f.readline # => "econd line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('WWW')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path)
+ *        # => "WWWst line\nSecond line\nFourth line\nFifth line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 10
+ *        f.write('XXX')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path)
+ *        # => "WWWst lineXXXecond line\nFourth line\nFifth line\n"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-6, :END)
+ *        # => 0
+ *        f.write('YYY')
+ *        # => 3
+ *        f.flush
+ *        # => #<File:t.tmp>
+ *        File.read(path)
+ *        # => "WWWst lineXXXecond line\nFourth line\nFifth YYYe\n"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(2, :END)
+ *        f.write('ZZZ') # Zero padding as needed.
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path)
+ *        # => "WWWst lineXXXecond line\nFourth line\nFifth YYYe\n\u0000\u0000ZZZ"
+ *
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'a+'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File is not initially truncated:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        File.write(path, 'foo')
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'a+')
+ *        f.size == 0 # => false
+ *
+ *    - File's initial read position is 0:
+ *
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be written only at end-of-file;
+ *      IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek do not affect writing:
+ *
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path)      # => "foobar"
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path)      # => "foobarbaz"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('bat')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobarbazbat"
+ *
+ *    - File may be read anywhere; see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.read # => "foobarbazbat"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 3
+ *        f.read # => "barbazbat"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-3, :END)
+ *        f.read # => "bat"
+ *
+ *  ===== Read/Write Modes for \File To Be Created
+ *
+ *  Note that modes <tt>'r'</tt> and <tt>'r+'</tt> are not allowed
+ *  for a non-existent file (exception raised).
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'w'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File's initial write position is 0:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        FileUtils.rm_f(path)
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'w')
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be written anywhere (even past end-of-file);
+ *      see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foo"
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobar"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbar"
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 3
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazfoo"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-3, :END)
+ *        f.write('bam')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbam"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 8
+ *        f.write('bah')  # Zero padding as needed.
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbam\u0000\u0000bah"
+ *        f.pos # => 11
+ *
+ *    - Reading is not allowed:
+ *
+ *        f.read # Raises IOError.
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'a'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File's initial write position is 0:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        FileUtils.rm_f(path)
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'a')
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - Writing occurs only at end-of-file:
+ *
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobar"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobarbaz"
+ *
+ *    - Reading is not allowed:
+ *
+ *        f.read # Raises IOError.
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'w+'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File's initial position is 0:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        FileUtils.rm_f(path)
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'w+')
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - File may be written anywhere (even past end-of-file);
+ *      see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foo"
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobar"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbar"
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 3
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazfoo"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-3, :END)
+ *        f.write('bam')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbam"
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 8
+ *        f.write('bah')  # Zero padding as needed.
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "bazbam\u0000\u0000bah"
+ *        f.pos # => 11
+ *
+ *    - File may be read anywhere (even past end-of-file);
+ *      see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        # => 0
+ *        f.read
+ *        # => "bazbam\u0000\u0000bah"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 3
+ *        # => 3
+ *        f.read
+ *        # => "bam\u0000\u0000bah"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-3, :END)
+ *        # => 0
+ *        f.read
+ *        # => "bah"
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'a+'</tt>:
+ *
+ *    - File's initial write position is 0:
+ *
+ *        path = 't.tmp'
+ *        FileUtils.rm_f(path)
+ *        f = File.new(path, 'a+')
+ *        f.pos # => 0
+ *
+ *    - Writing occurs only at end-of-file:
+ *
+ *        f.write('foo')
+ *        f.pos # => 3
+ *        f.write('bar')
+ *        f.pos # => 6
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobar"
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.write('baz')
+ *        f.flush
+ *        File.read(path) # => "foobarbaz"
+ *
+ *    - File may be read anywhere (even past end-of-file);
+ *      see IO#rewind, IO#pos=, IO#seek:
+ *
+ *        f.rewind
+ *        f.read # => "foobarbaz"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 3
+ *        f.read # => "barbaz"
+ *
+ *        f.seek(-3, :END)
+ *        f.read # => "baz"
+ *
+ *        f.pos = 800
+ *        f.read # => ""
+ *
+ *  ==== \Data Mode
+ *
+ *  To specify whether data is to be treated as text or as binary data,
+ *  either of the following may be suffixed to any of the string read/write modes
+ *  above:
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'t'</tt>: Text data; sets the default external encoding
+ *    to <tt>Encoding::UTF_8</tt>;
+ *    on Windows, enables conversion between EOL and CRLF
+ *    and enables interpreting <tt>0x1A</tt> as an end-of-file marker.
+ *  - <tt>'b'</tt>: Binary data; sets the default external encoding
+ *    to <tt>Encoding::ASCII_8BIT</tt>;
+ *    on Windows, suppresses conversion between EOL and CRLF
+ *    and disables interpreting <tt>0x1A</tt> as an end-of-file marker.
+ *
+ *  If neither is given, the stream defaults to text data.
+ *
+ *  Examples:
+ *
+ *    File.new('t.txt', 'rt')
+ *    File.new('t.dat', 'rb')
+ *
+ *  When the data mode is specified, the read/write mode may not be omitted,
+ *  and the data mode must precede the file-create mode, if given:
+ *
+ *    File.new('t.dat', 'b')   # Raises an exception.
+ *    File.new('t.dat', 'rxb') # Raises an exception.
+ *
+ *  ==== \File-Create Mode
+ *
+ *  The following may be suffixed to any writable string mode above:
+ *
+ *  - <tt>'x'</tt>: Creates the file if it does not exist;
+ *    raises an exception if the file exists.
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    File.new('t.tmp', 'wx')
+ *
+ *  When the file-create mode is specified, the read/write mode may not be omitted,
+ *  and the file-create mode must follow the data mode:
+ *
+ *    File.new('t.dat', 'x')   # Raises an exception.
+ *    File.new('t.dat', 'rxb') # Raises an exception.
+ *
+ *  === \Integer Access Modes
+ *
+ *  When mode is an integer it must be one or more of the following constants,
+ *  which may be combined by the bitwise OR operator <tt>|</tt>:
+ *
+ *  - +File::RDONLY+: Open for reading only.
+ *  - +File::WRONLY+: Open for writing only.
+ *  - +File::RDWR+: Open for reading and writing.
+ *  - +File::APPEND+: Open for appending only.
+ *
+ *  Examples:
+ *
+ *    File.new('t.txt', File::RDONLY)
+ *    File.new('t.tmp', File::RDWR | File::CREAT | File::EXCL)
+ *
+ *  Note: Method IO#set_encoding does not allow the mode to be specified as an integer.
+ *
+ *  === File-Create Mode Specified as an \Integer
+ *
+ *  These constants may also be ORed into the integer mode:
+ *
+ *  - +File::CREAT+: Create file if it does not exist.
+ *  - +File::EXCL+: Raise an exception if +File::CREAT+ is given and the file exists.
+ *
+ *  === \Data Mode Specified as an \Integer
+ *
+ *  \Data mode cannot be specified as an integer.
+ *  When the stream access mode is given as an integer,
+ *  the data mode is always text, never binary.
+ *
+ *  Note that although there is a constant +File::BINARY+,
+ *  setting its value in an integer stream mode has no effect;
+ *  this is because, as documented in File::Constants,
+ *  the +File::BINARY+ value disables line code conversion,
+ *  but does not change the external encoding.
+ *
+ *  === Encodings
+ *
+ *  Any of the string modes above may specify encodings -
+ *  either external encoding only or both external and internal encodings -
+ *  by appending one or both encoding names, separated by colons:
+ *
+ *    f = File.new('t.dat', 'rb')
+ *    f.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:ASCII-8BIT>
+ *    f.internal_encoding # => nil
+ *    f = File.new('t.dat', 'rb:UTF-16')
+ *    f.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-16 (dummy)>
+ *    f.internal_encoding # => nil
+ *    f = File.new('t.dat', 'rb:UTF-16:UTF-16')
+ *    f.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-16 (dummy)>
+ *    f.internal_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-16>
+ *    f.close
+ *
+ *  The numerous encoding names are available in array Encoding.name_list:
+ *
+ *    Encoding.name_list.take(3) # => ["ASCII-8BIT", "UTF-8", "US-ASCII"]
+ *
+ *  When the external encoding is set, strings read are tagged by that encoding
+ *  when reading, and strings written are converted to that encoding when
+ *  writing.
+ *
+ *  When both external and internal encodings are set,
+ *  strings read are converted from external to internal encoding,
+ *  and strings written are converted from internal to external encoding.
+ *  For further details about transcoding input and output,
+ *  see {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encodings].
+ *
+ *  If the external encoding is <tt>'BOM|UTF-8'</tt>, <tt>'BOM|UTF-16LE'</tt>
+ *  or <tt>'BOM|UTF16-BE'</tt>,
+ *  Ruby checks for a Unicode BOM in the input document
+ *  to help determine the encoding.
+ *  For UTF-16 encodings the file open mode must be binary.
+ *  If the BOM is found,
+ *  it is stripped and the external encoding from the BOM is used.
+ *
+ *  Note that the BOM-style encoding option is case insensitive,
+ *  so <tt>'bom|utf-8'</tt> is also valid.
+ *
  *  == \File Permissions
  *
  *  A \File object has _permissions_, an octal integer representing
@@ -6572,7 +7155,6 @@ const char ruby_null_device[] =
  *
  *  Note that file permissions are quite different from the _mode_
  *  of a file stream (\File object).
- *  See IO@Modes.
  *
  *  In a \File object, the permissions are available thus,
  *  where method +mode+, despite its name, returns permissions:
@@ -6616,47 +7198,19 @@ const char ruby_null_device[] =
  *    f.chmod(0644)
  *    f.chmod(0444)
  *
- *  == \File Constants
+ *  == \File \Constants
  *
- *  Various constants for use in \File and \IO methods
+ *  Various constants for use in \File and IO methods
  *  may be found in module File::Constants;
  *  an array of their names is returned by <tt>File::Constants.constants</tt>.
  *
- *  == Example Files
- *
- *  Many examples here use these filenames and their corresponding files:
- *
- *  - <tt>t.txt</tt>: A text-only file that is assumed to exist via:
- *
- *      text = <<~EOT
- *        First line
- *        Second line
- *
- *        Fourth line
- *        Fifth line
- *      EOT
- *      File.write('t.txt', text)
- *
- *  - <tt>t.dat</tt>: A data file that is assumed to exist via:
- *
- *      data = "\u9990\u9991\u9992\u9993\u9994"
- *      f = File.open('t.dat', 'wb:UTF-16')
- *      f.write(data)
- *      f.close
- *
- *  - <tt>t.rus</tt>: A Russian-language text file that is assumed to exist via:
- *
- *      File.write('t.rus', "\u{442 435 441 442}")
- *
- *  - <tt>t.tmp</tt>: A file that is assumed _not_ to exist.
- *
  *  == What's Here
  *
  *  First, what's elsewhere. \Class \File:
  *
  *  - Inherits from {class IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@What-27s+Here],
  *    in particular, methods for creating, reading, and writing files
- *  - Includes {module FileTest}[rdoc-ref:FileTest@What-27s+Here].
+ *  - Includes module FileTest,
  *    which provides dozens of additional methods.
  *
  *  Here, class \File provides methods that are useful for:
@@ -6701,22 +7255,22 @@ const char ruby_null_device[] =
  *
  *  _Times_
  *
- *  - ::atime: Returns a \Time for the most recent access to the given file.
- *  - ::birthtime: Returns a \Time  for the creation of the given file.
- *  - ::ctime: Returns a \Time  for the metadata change of the given file.
- *  - ::mtime: Returns a \Time for the most recent data modification to
+ *  - ::atime: Returns a Time for the most recent access to the given file.
+ *  - ::birthtime: Returns a Time  for the creation of the given file.
+ *  - ::ctime: Returns a Time  for the metadata change of the given file.
+ *  - ::mtime: Returns a Time for the most recent data modification to
  *    the content of the given file.
- *  - #atime: Returns a \Time for the most recent access to +self+.
- *  - #birthtime: Returns a \Time  the creation for +self+.
- *  - #ctime: Returns a \Time for the metadata change of +self+.
- *  - #mtime: Returns a \Time for the most recent data modification
+ *  - #atime: Returns a Time for the most recent access to +self+.
+ *  - #birthtime: Returns a Time  the creation for +self+.
+ *  - #ctime: Returns a Time for the metadata change of +self+.
+ *  - #mtime: Returns a Time for the most recent data modification
  *    to the content of +self+.
  *
  *  _Types_
  *
  *  - ::blockdev?: Returns whether the file at the given path is a block device.
  *  - ::chardev?: Returns whether the file at the given path is a character device.
- *  - ::directory?: Returns whether the file at the given path is a diretory.
+ *  - ::directory?: Returns whether the file at the given path is a directory.
  *  - ::executable?: Returns whether the file at the given path is executable
  *    by the effective user and group of the current process.
  *  - ::executable_real?: Returns whether the file at the given path is executable
@@ -6787,6 +7341,10 @@ const char ruby_null_device[] =
 void
 Init_File(void)
 {
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(HAVE_WORKING_FORK)
+    rb_CFString_class_initialize_before_fork();
+#endif
+
     VALUE separator;
 
     rb_mFileTest = rb_define_module("FileTest");
@@ -6894,97 +7452,398 @@ Init_File(void)
     /*
      * Document-module: File::Constants
      *
-     * File::Constants provides file-related constants.  All possible
-     * file constants are listed in the documentation but they may not all
-     * be present on your platform.
+     * \Module +File::Constants+ defines file-related constants.
+     *
+     * There are two families of constants here:
+     *
+     * - Those having to do with {file access}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File+Access].
+     * - Those having to do with {filename globbing}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@Filename+Globbing+Constants+-28File-3A-3AFNM_-2A-29].
+     *
+     * \File constants defined for the local process may be retrieved
+     * with method File::Constants.constants:
+     *
+     *   File::Constants.constants.take(5)
+     *   # => [:RDONLY, :WRONLY, :RDWR, :APPEND, :CREAT]
+     *
+     * == \File Access
+     *
+     * \File-access constants may be used with optional argument +mode+ in calls
+     * to the following methods:
+     *
+     * - File.new.
+     * - File.open.
+     * - IO.for_fd.
+     * - IO.new.
+     * - IO.open.
+     * - IO.popen.
+     * - IO.reopen.
+     * - IO.sysopen.
+     * - StringIO.new.
+     * - StringIO.open.
+     * - StringIO#reopen.
+     *
+     * === Read/Write Access
+     *
+     * Read-write access for a stream
+     * may be specified by a file-access constant.
+     *
+     * The constant may be specified as part of a bitwise OR of other such constants.
+     *
+     * Any combination of the constants in this section may be specified.
+     *
+     * ==== File::RDONLY
+     *
+     * Flag File::RDONLY specifies the the stream should be opened for reading only:
+     *
+     *   filepath = '/tmp/t.tmp'
+     *   f = File.new(filepath, File::RDONLY)
+     *   f.write('Foo') # Raises IOError (not opened for writing).
+     *
+     * ==== File::WRONLY
+     *
+     * Flag File::WRONLY specifies that the stream should be opened for writing only:
+     *
+     *   f = File.new(filepath, File::WRONLY)
+     *   f.read # Raises IOError (not opened for reading).
+     *
+     * ==== File::RDWR
+     *
+     * Flag File::RDWR specifies that the stream should be opened
+     * for both reading and writing:
+     *
+     *   f = File.new(filepath, File::RDWR)
+     *   f.write('Foo') # => 3
+     *   f.rewind       # => 0
+     *   f.read         # => "Foo"
+     *
+     * === \File Positioning
+     *
+     * ==== File::APPEND
+     *
+     * Flag File::APPEND specifies that the stream should be opened
+     * in append mode.
+     *
+     * Before each write operation, the position is set to end-of-stream.
+     * The modification of the position and the following write operation
+     * are performed as a single atomic step.
+     *
+     * ==== File::TRUNC
+     *
+     * Flag File::TRUNC specifies that the stream should be truncated
+     * at its beginning.
+     * If the file exists and is successfully opened for writing,
+     * it is to be truncated to position zero;
+     * its ctime and mtime are updated.
+     *
+     * There is no effect on a FIFO special file or a terminal device.
+     * The effect on other file types is implementation-defined.
+     * The result of using File::TRUNC with File::RDONLY is undefined.
+     *
+     * === Creating and Preserving
+     *
+     * ==== File::CREAT
+     *
+     * Flag File::CREAT specifies that the stream should be created
+     * if it does not already exist.
+     *
+     * If the file exists:
+     *
+     *   - Raise an exception if File::EXCL is also specified.
+     *   - Otherwise, do nothing.
+     *
+     * If the file does not exist, then it is created.
+     * Upon successful completion, the atime, ctime, and mtime of the file are updated,
+     * and the ctime and mtime of the parent directory are updated.
+     *
+     * ==== File::EXCL
+     *
+     * Flag File::EXCL specifies that the stream should not already exist;
+     * If flags File::CREAT and File::EXCL are both specified
+     * and the stream already exists, an exception is raised.
+     *
+     * The check for the existence and creation of the file is performed as an
+     * atomic operation.
+     *
+     * If both File::EXCL and File::CREAT are specified and the path names a symbolic link,
+     * an exception is raised regardless of the contents of the symbolic link.
+     *
+     * If File::EXCL is specified and File::CREAT is not specified,
+     * the result is undefined.
+     *
+     * === POSIX \File \Constants
+     *
+     * Some file-access constants are defined only on POSIX-compliant systems;
+     * those are:
+     *
+     * - File::SYNC.
+     * - File::DSYNC.
+     * - File::RSYNC.
+     * - File::DIRECT.
+     * - File::NOATIME.
+     * - File::NOCTTY.
+     * - File::NOFOLLOW.
+     * - File::TMPFILE.
+     *
+     * ==== File::SYNC, File::RSYNC, and File::DSYNC
+     *
+     * Flag File::SYNC, File::RSYNC, or File::DSYNC
+     * specifies synchronization of I/O operations with the underlying file system.
+     *
+     * These flags are valid only for POSIX-compliant systems.
+     *
+     * - File::SYNC specifies that all write operations (both data and metadata)
+     *   are immediately to be flushed to the underlying storage device.
+     *   This means that the data is written to the storage device,
+     *   and the file's metadata (e.g., file size, timestamps, permissions)
+     *   are also synchronized.
+     *   This guarantees that data is safely stored on the storage medium
+     *   before returning control to the calling program.
+     *   This flag can have a significant impact on performance
+     *   since it requires synchronous writes, which can be slower
+     *   compared to asynchronous writes.
+     *
+     * - File::RSYNC specifies that any read operations on the file will not return
+     *   until all outstanding write operations
+     *   (those that have been issued but not completed) are also synchronized.
+     *   This is useful when you want to read the most up-to-date data,
+     *   which may still be in the process of being written.
      *
-     * If the underlying platform doesn't define a constant the corresponding
-     * Ruby constant is not defined.
+     * - File::DSYNC specifies that all _data_ write operations
+     *   are immediately to be flushed to the underlying storage device;
+     *   this differs from File::SYNC, which requires that _metadata_
+     *   also be synchronized.
+     *
+     * Note that the behavior of these flags may vary slightly
+     * depending on the operating system and filesystem being used.
+     * Additionally, using these flags can have an impact on performance
+     * due to the synchronous nature of the I/O operations,
+     * so they should be used judiciously,
+     * especially in performance-critical applications.
+     *
+     * ==== File::NOCTTY
+     *
+     * Flag File::NOCTTY specifies that if the stream is a terminal device,
+     * that device does not become the controlling terminal for the process.
+     *
+     * Defined only for POSIX-compliant systems.
+     *
+     * ==== File::DIRECT
+     *
+     * Flag File::DIRECT requests that cache effects of the I/O to and from the stream
+     * be minimized.
+     *
+     * Defined only for POSIX-compliant systems.
+     *
+     * ==== File::NOATIME
+     *
+     * Flag File::NOATIME specifies that act of opening the stream
+     * should not modify its access time (atime).
+     *
+     * Defined only for POSIX-compliant systems.
+     *
+     * ==== File::NOFOLLOW
+     *
+     * Flag File::NOFOLLOW specifies that if path is a symbolic link,
+     * it should not be followed.
+     *
+     * Defined only for POSIX-compliant systems.
+     *
+     * ==== File::TMPFILE
+     *
+     * Flag File::TMPFILE specifies that the opened stream
+     * should be a new temporary file.
+     *
+     * Defined only for POSIX-compliant systems.
+     *
+     * === Other File-Access \Constants
+     *
+     * ==== File::NONBLOCK
+     *
+     * When possible, the file is opened in nonblocking mode.
+     * Neither the open operation nor any subsequent I/O operations on
+     * the file will cause the calling process to wait.
+     *
+     * ==== File::BINARY
+     *
+     * Flag File::BINARY specifies that the stream is to be accessed in binary mode.
+     *
+     * ==== File::SHARE_DELETE (Windows Only)
+     *
+     * Flag File::SHARE_DELETE enables other processes to open the stream
+     * with delete access.
+     *
+     * If the stream is opened for (local) delete access without File::SHARE_DELETE,
+     * and another process attempts to open it with delete access,
+     * the attempt fails and the stream is not opened for that process.
+     *
+     * == Locking
+     *
+     * Four file constants relate to stream locking;
+     * see File#flock:
+     *
+     * ==== File::LOCK_EX
+     *
+     * Flag File::LOCK_EX specifies an exclusive lock;
+     * only one process a a time may lock the stream.
+     *
+     * ==== File::LOCK_NB
+     *
+     * Flag File::LOCK_NB specifies non-blocking locking for the stream;
+     * may be combined with File::LOCK_EX or File::LOCK_SH.
+     *
+     * ==== File::LOCK_SH
+     *
+     * Flag File::LOCK_SH specifies that multiple processes may lock
+     * the stream at the same time.
+     *
+     * ==== File::LOCK_UN
+     *
+     * Flag File::LOCK_UN specifies that the stream is not to be locked.
+     *
+     * == Filename Globbing \Constants (File::FNM_*)
+     *
+     * Filename-globbing constants may be used with optional argument +flags+
+     * in calls to the following methods:
+     *
+     * - Dir.glob.
+     * - File.fnmatch.
+     * - Pathname#fnmatch.
+     * - Pathname.glob.
+     * - Pathname#glob.
+     *
+     * The constants are:
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_CASEFOLD
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_CASEFOLD makes patterns case insensitive
+     * for File.fnmatch (but not Dir.glob).
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_DOTMATCH
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_DOTMATCH makes the <tt>'*'</tt> pattern
+     * match a filename starting with <tt>'.'</tt>.
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_EXTGLOB
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_EXTGLOB enables pattern <tt>'{_a_,_b_}'</tt>,
+     * which matches pattern '_a_' and pattern '_b_';
+     * behaves like
+     * a {regexp union}[rdoc-ref:Regexp.union]
+     * (e.g., <tt>'(?:_a_|_b_)'</tt>):
+     *
+     *   pattern = '{LEGAL,BSDL}'
+     *   Dir.glob(pattern)      # => ["LEGAL", "BSDL"]
+     *   Pathname.glob(pattern) # => [#<Pathname:LEGAL>, #<Pathname:BSDL>]
+     *   pathname.glob(pattern) # => [#<Pathname:LEGAL>, #<Pathname:BSDL>]
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_NOESCAPE
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_NOESCAPE disables <tt>'\'</tt> escaping.
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_PATHNAME
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_PATHNAME specifies that patterns <tt>'*'</tt> and <tt>'?'</tt>
+     * do not match the directory separator
+     * (the value of constant File::SEPARATOR).
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_SHORTNAME (Windows Only)
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_SHORTNAME Allows patterns to match short names if they exist.
+     *
+     * ==== File::FNM_SYSCASE
+     *
+     * Flag File::FNM_SYSCASE specifies that case sensitivity
+     * is the same as in the underlying operating system;
+     * effective for File.fnmatch, but not Dir.glob.
+     *
+     * == Other \Constants
+     *
+     * ==== File::NULL
+     *
+     * Flag File::NULL contains the string value of the null device:
+     *
+     * - On a Unix-like OS, <tt>'/dev/null'</tt>.
+     * - On Windows, <tt>'NUL'</tt>.
      *
-     * Your platform documentations (e.g. man open(2)) may describe more
-     * detailed information.
      */
     rb_mFConst = rb_define_module_under(rb_cFile, "Constants");
     rb_include_module(rb_cIO, rb_mFConst);
-
-    /* open for reading only */
+    /* {File::RDONLY}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ARDONLY] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "RDONLY", INT2FIX(O_RDONLY));
-    /* open for writing only */
+    /* {File::WRONLY}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AWRONLY] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "WRONLY", INT2FIX(O_WRONLY));
-    /* open for reading and writing */
+    /* {File::RDWR}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ARDWR] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "RDWR", INT2FIX(O_RDWR));
-    /* append on each write */
+    /* {File::APPEND}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AAPPEND] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "APPEND", INT2FIX(O_APPEND));
-    /* create file if it does not exist */
+    /* {File::CREAT}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ACREAT] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "CREAT", INT2FIX(O_CREAT));
-    /* error if CREAT and the file exists */
+    /* {File::EXCL}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3AEXCL] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "EXCL", INT2FIX(O_EXCL));
 #if defined(O_NDELAY) || defined(O_NONBLOCK)
 # ifndef O_NONBLOCK
 #   define O_NONBLOCK O_NDELAY
 # endif
-    /* do not block on open or for data to become available */
+    /* {File::NONBLOCK}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ANONBLOCK] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "NONBLOCK", INT2FIX(O_NONBLOCK));
 #endif
-    /* truncate size to 0 */
+    /* {File::TRUNC}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ATRUNC] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "TRUNC", INT2FIX(O_TRUNC));
 #ifdef O_NOCTTY
-    /* not to make opened IO the controlling terminal device */
+    /* {File::NOCTTY}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ANOCTTY] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "NOCTTY", INT2FIX(O_NOCTTY));
 #endif
 #ifndef O_BINARY
 # define  O_BINARY 0
 #endif
-    /* disable line code conversion */
+    /* {File::BINARY}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ABINARY] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "BINARY", INT2FIX(O_BINARY));
 #ifndef O_SHARE_DELETE
 # define O_SHARE_DELETE 0
 #endif
-    /* can delete opened file */
+    /* {File::SHARE_DELETE}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ASHARE_DELETE+-28Windows+Only-29] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "SHARE_DELETE", INT2FIX(O_SHARE_DELETE));
 #ifdef O_SYNC
-    /* any write operation perform synchronously */
+    /* {File::SYNC}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ASYNC-2C+File-3A-3ARSYNC-2C+and+File-3A-3ADSYNC] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "SYNC", INT2FIX(O_SYNC));
 #endif
 #ifdef O_DSYNC
-    /* any write operation perform synchronously except some meta data */
+    /* {File::DSYNC}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ASYNC-2C+File-3A-3ARSYNC-2C+and+File-3A-3ADSYNC] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "DSYNC", INT2FIX(O_DSYNC));
 #endif
 #ifdef O_RSYNC
-    /* any read operation perform synchronously. used with SYNC or DSYNC. */
+    /* {File::RSYNC}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ASYNC-2C+File-3A-3ARSYNC-2C+and+File-3A-3ADSYNC] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "RSYNC", INT2FIX(O_RSYNC));
 #endif
 #ifdef O_NOFOLLOW
-    /* do not follow symlinks */
+    /* {File::NOFOLLOW}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ANOFOLLOW] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "NOFOLLOW", INT2FIX(O_NOFOLLOW)); /* FreeBSD, Linux */
 #endif
 #ifdef O_NOATIME
-    /* do not change atime */
+    /* {File::NOATIME}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ANOATIME] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "NOATIME", INT2FIX(O_NOATIME)); /* Linux */
 #endif
 #ifdef O_DIRECT
-    /*  Try to minimize cache effects of the I/O to and from this file. */
+    /* {File::DIRECT}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ADIRECT] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "DIRECT", INT2FIX(O_DIRECT));
 #endif
 #ifdef O_TMPFILE
-    /* Create an unnamed temporary file */
+    /* {File::TMPFILE}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ATMPFILE] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "TMPFILE", INT2FIX(O_TMPFILE));
 #endif
 
-    /* shared lock. see File#flock */
+    /* {File::LOCK_SH}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ALOCK_SH] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "LOCK_SH", INT2FIX(LOCK_SH));
-    /* exclusive lock. see File#flock */
+    /* {File::LOCK_EX}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ALOCK_EX] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "LOCK_EX", INT2FIX(LOCK_EX));
-    /* unlock. see File#flock */
+    /* {File::LOCK_UN}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ALOCK_UN] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "LOCK_UN", INT2FIX(LOCK_UN));
-    /* non-blocking lock. used with LOCK_SH or LOCK_EX. see File#flock  */
+    /* {File::LOCK_NB}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ALOCK_NB] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "LOCK_NB", INT2FIX(LOCK_NB));
 
-    /* Name of the null device */
+    /* {File::NULL}[rdoc-ref:File::Constants@File-3A-3ANULL] */
     rb_define_const(rb_mFConst, "NULL", rb_fstring_cstr(ruby_null_device));
 
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFile, "path",  rb_file_path, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cFile, "to_path",  rb_file_path, 0);
     rb_define_global_function("test", rb_f_test, -1);
 
     rb_cStat = rb_define_class_under(rb_cFile, "Stat", rb_cObject);
diff --git a/gc.c b/gc.c
index ecb4aa7e20..378e4a31cb 100644
--- a/gc.c
+++ b/gc.c
@@ -60,6 +60,15 @@
 # endif
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_TRIM
+# include <malloc.h>
+
+# ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+/* malloc_trim is defined in emscripten/emmalloc.h on emscripten. */
+#  include <emscripten/emmalloc.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(PAGE_SIZE) && defined(HAVE_SYS_USER_H)
 /* LIST_HEAD conflicts with sys/queue.h on macOS */
 # include <sys/user.h>
@@ -95,12 +104,13 @@
 #undef LIST_HEAD /* ccan/list conflicts with BSD-origin sys/queue.h. */
 
 #include "constant.h"
+#include "darray.h"
 #include "debug_counter.h"
 #include "eval_intern.h"
-#include "gc.h"
 #include "id_table.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/class.h"
+#include "internal/compile.h"
 #include "internal/complex.h"
 #include "internal/cont.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
@@ -119,7 +129,7 @@
 #include "internal/thread.h"
 #include "internal/variable.h"
 #include "internal/warnings.h"
-#include "mjit.h"
+#include "rjit.h"
 #include "probes.h"
 #include "regint.h"
 #include "ruby/debug.h"
@@ -131,13 +141,13 @@
 #include "ruby_assert.h"
 #include "ruby_atomic.h"
 #include "symbol.h"
-#include "transient_heap.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
 #include "vm_sync.h"
 #include "vm_callinfo.h"
 #include "ractor_core.h"
 
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "shape.h"
 
 #define rb_setjmp(env) RUBY_SETJMP(env)
 #define rb_jmp_buf rb_jmpbuf_t
@@ -147,6 +157,68 @@
 #define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
 #endif
 
+
+static size_t malloc_offset = 0;
+#if defined(HAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE)
+static size_t
+gc_compute_malloc_offset(void)
+{
+    // Different allocators use different metadata storage strategies which result in different
+    // ideal sizes.
+    // For instance malloc(64) will waste 8B with glibc, but waste 0B with jemalloc.
+    // But malloc(56) will waste 0B with glibc, but waste 8B with jemalloc.
+    // So we try allocating 64, 56 and 48 bytes and select the first offset that doesn't
+    // waste memory.
+    // This was tested on Linux with glibc 2.35 and jemalloc 5, and for both it result in
+    // no wasted memory.
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    for (offset = 0; offset <= 16; offset += 8) {
+        size_t allocated = (64 - offset);
+        void *test_ptr = malloc(allocated);
+        size_t wasted = malloc_usable_size(test_ptr) - allocated;
+        free(test_ptr);
+
+        if (wasted == 0) {
+            return offset;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+#else
+static size_t
+gc_compute_malloc_offset(void)
+{
+    // If we don't have malloc_usable_size, we use powers of 2.
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+size_t
+rb_malloc_grow_capa(size_t current, size_t type_size)
+{
+    size_t current_capacity = current;
+    if (current_capacity < 4) {
+        current_capacity = 4;
+    }
+    current_capacity *= type_size;
+
+    // We double the current capacity.
+    size_t new_capacity = (current_capacity * 2);
+
+    // And round up to the next power of 2 if it's not already one.
+    if (rb_popcount64(new_capacity) != 1) {
+        new_capacity = (size_t)(1 << (64 - nlz_int64(new_capacity)));
+    }
+
+    new_capacity -= malloc_offset;
+    new_capacity /= type_size;
+    if (current > new_capacity) {
+        rb_bug("rb_malloc_grow_capa: current_capacity=%zu, new_capacity=%zu, malloc_offset=%zu", current, new_capacity, malloc_offset);
+    }
+    RUBY_ASSERT(new_capacity > current);
+    return new_capacity;
+}
+
 static inline struct rbimpl_size_mul_overflow_tag
 size_add_overflow(size_t x, size_t y)
 {
@@ -290,6 +362,9 @@ rb_gc_guarded_ptr_val(volatile VALUE *ptr, VALUE val)
 #ifndef GC_HEAP_GROWTH_MAX_SLOTS
 #define GC_HEAP_GROWTH_MAX_SLOTS 0 /* 0 is disable */
 #endif
+#ifndef GC_HEAP_REMEMBERED_WB_UNPROTECTED_OBJECTS_LIMIT_RATIO
+# define GC_HEAP_REMEMBERED_WB_UNPROTECTED_OBJECTS_LIMIT_RATIO 0.01
+#endif
 #ifndef GC_HEAP_OLDOBJECT_LIMIT_FACTOR
 #define GC_HEAP_OLDOBJECT_LIMIT_FACTOR 2.0
 #endif
@@ -324,6 +399,14 @@ rb_gc_guarded_ptr_val(volatile VALUE *ptr, VALUE val)
 #define GC_OLDMALLOC_LIMIT_MAX (128 * 1024 * 1024 /* 128MB */)
 #endif
 
+#ifndef GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
+#if defined(__wasi__) /* WebAssembly doesn't support signals */
+# define GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION 0
+#else
+# define GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION 1
+#endif
+#endif
+
 #ifndef PRINT_MEASURE_LINE
 #define PRINT_MEASURE_LINE 0
 #endif
@@ -338,7 +421,7 @@ rb_gc_guarded_ptr_val(volatile VALUE *ptr, VALUE val)
 #define TICK_TYPE 1
 
 typedef struct {
-    size_t heap_init_slots;
+    size_t size_pool_init_slots[SIZE_POOL_COUNT];
     size_t heap_free_slots;
     double growth_factor;
     size_t growth_max_slots;
@@ -346,6 +429,7 @@ typedef struct {
     double heap_free_slots_min_ratio;
     double heap_free_slots_goal_ratio;
     double heap_free_slots_max_ratio;
+    double uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects_limit_ratio;
     double oldobject_limit_factor;
 
     size_t malloc_limit_min;
@@ -360,7 +444,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } ruby_gc_params_t;
 
 static ruby_gc_params_t gc_params = {
-    GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS,
+    { 0 },
     GC_HEAP_FREE_SLOTS,
     GC_HEAP_GROWTH_FACTOR,
     GC_HEAP_GROWTH_MAX_SLOTS,
@@ -368,6 +452,7 @@ static ruby_gc_params_t gc_params = {
     GC_HEAP_FREE_SLOTS_MIN_RATIO,
     GC_HEAP_FREE_SLOTS_GOAL_RATIO,
     GC_HEAP_FREE_SLOTS_MAX_RATIO,
+    GC_HEAP_REMEMBERED_WB_UNPROTECTED_OBJECTS_LIMIT_RATIO,
     GC_HEAP_OLDOBJECT_LIMIT_FACTOR,
 
     GC_MALLOC_LIMIT_MIN,
@@ -426,16 +511,6 @@ int ruby_rgengc_debug;
 // Note: using RUBY_ASSERT_WHEN() extend a macro in expr (info by nobu).
 #define GC_ASSERT(expr) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG_WHEN(RGENGC_CHECK_MODE > 0, expr, #expr)
 
-/* RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK
- * 0:  disable all assertions
- * >0: make a OLD object when new object creation.
- *
- * Make one OLD object per RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK WB protected objects creation.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK
-#define RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK 0
-#endif
-
 /* RGENGC_PROFILE
  * 0: disable RGenGC profiling
  * 1: enable profiling for basic information
@@ -468,9 +543,6 @@ int ruby_rgengc_debug;
 #ifndef GC_PROFILE_DETAIL_MEMORY
 #define GC_PROFILE_DETAIL_MEMORY 0
 #endif
-#ifndef GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
-#define GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK USE_RINCGC
-#endif
 #ifndef GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP
 #define GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP   1
 #endif
@@ -489,7 +561,7 @@ int ruby_rgengc_debug;
 #endif
 
 #ifndef GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS
-#define GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS 0
+#define GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS RUBY_DEBUG
 #endif
 
 #ifndef RGENGC_OBJ_INFO
@@ -573,6 +645,7 @@ struct RMoved {
     VALUE flags;
     VALUE dummy;
     VALUE destination;
+    shape_id_t original_shape_id;
 };
 
 #define RMOVED(obj) ((struct RMoved *)(obj))
@@ -620,17 +693,29 @@ typedef struct RVALUE {
             VALUE v3;
         } values;
     } as;
+
+    /* Start of RVALUE_OVERHEAD.
+     * Do not directly read these members from the RVALUE as they're located
+     * at the end of the slot (which may differ in size depending on the size
+     * pool). */
+#if RACTOR_CHECK_MODE
+    uint32_t _ractor_belonging_id;
+#endif
 #if GC_DEBUG
     const char *file;
     int line;
 #endif
 } RVALUE;
 
-#if GC_DEBUG
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_rvalue, offsetof(RVALUE, file) == SIZEOF_VALUE * 5);
+#if RACTOR_CHECK_MODE
+# define RVALUE_OVERHEAD (sizeof(RVALUE) - offsetof(RVALUE, _ractor_belonging_id))
+#elif GC_DEBUG
+# define RVALUE_OVERHEAD (sizeof(RVALUE) - offsetof(RVALUE, file))
 #else
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_rvalue, sizeof(RVALUE) == SIZEOF_VALUE * 5);
+# define RVALUE_OVERHEAD 0
 #endif
+
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_rvalue, sizeof(RVALUE) == (SIZEOF_VALUE * 5) + RVALUE_OVERHEAD);
 STATIC_ASSERT(alignof_rvalue, RUBY_ALIGNOF(RVALUE) == SIZEOF_VALUE);
 
 typedef uintptr_t bits_t;
@@ -674,15 +759,15 @@ typedef struct mark_stack {
 #define SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool) (&(size_pool)->eden_heap)
 #define SIZE_POOL_TOMB_HEAP(size_pool) (&(size_pool)->tomb_heap)
 
+typedef int (*gc_compact_compare_func)(const void *l, const void *r, void *d);
+
 typedef struct rb_heap_struct {
     struct heap_page *free_pages;
     struct ccan_list_head pages;
     struct heap_page *sweeping_page; /* iterator for .pages */
     struct heap_page *compact_cursor;
     uintptr_t compact_cursor_index;
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     struct heap_page *pooled_pages;
-#endif
     size_t total_pages;      /* total page count in a heap */
     size_t total_slots;      /* total slot count (about total_pages * HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT) */
 } rb_heap_t;
@@ -696,12 +781,13 @@ typedef struct rb_size_pool_struct {
     size_t total_allocated_pages;
     size_t total_freed_pages;
     size_t force_major_gc_count;
+    size_t force_incremental_marking_finish_count;
+    size_t total_allocated_objects;
+    size_t total_freed_objects;
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
     /* Sweeping statistics */
     size_t freed_slots;
     size_t empty_slots;
-#endif
 
     rb_heap_t eden_heap;
     rb_heap_t tomb_heap;
@@ -732,17 +818,15 @@ typedef struct rb_objspace {
         unsigned int dont_incremental : 1;
         unsigned int during_gc : 1;
         unsigned int during_compacting : 1;
+        unsigned int during_reference_updating : 1;
         unsigned int gc_stressful: 1;
-        unsigned int has_hook: 1;
+        unsigned int has_newobj_hook: 1;
         unsigned int during_minor_gc : 1;
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
         unsigned int during_incremental_marking : 1;
-#endif
         unsigned int measure_gc : 1;
     } flags;
 
     rb_event_flag_t hook_events;
-    size_t total_allocated_objects;
     VALUE next_object_id;
 
     rb_size_pool_t size_pools[SIZE_POOL_COUNT];
@@ -811,9 +895,14 @@ typedef struct rb_objspace {
 
         /* basic statistics */
         size_t count;
-        size_t total_freed_objects;
-        uint64_t total_time_ns;
-        struct timespec start_time;
+        uint64_t marking_time_ns;
+        struct timespec marking_start_time;
+        uint64_t sweeping_time_ns;
+        struct timespec sweeping_start_time;
+
+        /* Weak references */
+        size_t weak_references_count;
+        size_t retained_weak_references_count;
     } profile;
     struct gc_list *global_list;
 
@@ -845,14 +934,15 @@ typedef struct rb_objspace {
         size_t moved_up_count_table[T_MASK];
         size_t moved_down_count_table[T_MASK];
         size_t total_moved;
+
+        /* This function will be used, if set, to sort the heap prior to compaction */
+        gc_compact_compare_func compare_func;
     } rcompactor;
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     struct {
         size_t pooled_slots;
         size_t step_slots;
     } rincgc;
-#endif
 
     st_table *id_to_obj_tbl;
     st_table *obj_to_id_tbl;
@@ -860,6 +950,9 @@ typedef struct rb_objspace {
 #if GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS
     VALUE stress_to_class;
 #endif
+
+    rb_darray(VALUE *) weak_references;
+    rb_postponed_job_handle_t finalize_deferred_pjob;
 } rb_objspace_t;
 
 
@@ -870,7 +963,7 @@ typedef struct rb_objspace {
 
 #define BASE_SLOT_SIZE sizeof(RVALUE)
 
-#define CEILDIV(i, mod) (((i) + (mod) - 1)/(mod))
+#define CEILDIV(i, mod) roomof(i, mod)
 enum {
     HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN = (1UL << HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN_LOG),
     HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN_MASK = (~(~0UL << HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN_LOG)),
@@ -882,7 +975,7 @@ enum {
 #define HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN (1 << HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN_LOG)
 #define HEAP_PAGE_SIZE HEAP_PAGE_ALIGN
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK && !defined(INCREMENTAL_MARK_STEP_ALLOCATIONS)
+#if !defined(INCREMENTAL_MARK_STEP_ALLOCATIONS)
 # define INCREMENTAL_MARK_STEP_ALLOCATIONS 500
 #endif
 
@@ -928,16 +1021,19 @@ static const bool HEAP_PAGE_ALLOC_USE_MMAP = false;
 static bool heap_page_alloc_use_mmap;
 #endif
 
+#define RVALUE_AGE_BIT_COUNT 2
+#define RVALUE_AGE_BIT_MASK (((bits_t)1 << RVALUE_AGE_BIT_COUNT) - 1)
+
 struct heap_page {
     short slot_size;
     short total_slots;
     short free_slots;
-    short pinned_slots;
     short final_slots;
+    short pinned_slots;
     struct {
         unsigned int before_sweep : 1;
         unsigned int has_remembered_objects : 1;
-        unsigned int has_uncollectible_shady_objects : 1;
+        unsigned int has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects : 1;
         unsigned int in_tomb : 1;
     } flags;
 
@@ -954,8 +1050,11 @@ struct heap_page {
     bits_t uncollectible_bits[HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT];
     bits_t marking_bits[HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT];
 
+    bits_t remembered_bits[HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT];
+
     /* If set, the object is not movable */
     bits_t pinned_bits[HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT];
+    bits_t age_bits[HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT * RVALUE_AGE_BIT_COUNT];
 };
 
 /*
@@ -999,9 +1098,43 @@ asan_unlock_freelist(struct heap_page *page)
 
 #define GC_SWEEP_PAGES_FREEABLE_PER_STEP 3
 
+#define RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_INDEX(n)  (NUM_IN_PAGE(n) / (BITS_BITLENGTH / RVALUE_AGE_BIT_COUNT))
+#define RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_OFFSET(n) ((NUM_IN_PAGE(n) % (BITS_BITLENGTH / RVALUE_AGE_BIT_COUNT)) * RVALUE_AGE_BIT_COUNT)
+
+#define RVALUE_OLD_AGE   3
+
+static int
+RVALUE_AGE_GET(VALUE obj)
+{
+    bits_t *age_bits = GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->age_bits;
+    return (int)(age_bits[RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_INDEX(obj)] >> RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_OFFSET(obj)) & RVALUE_AGE_BIT_MASK;
+}
+
+static void
+RVALUE_AGE_SET(VALUE obj, int age)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(age <= RVALUE_OLD_AGE);
+    bits_t *age_bits = GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->age_bits;
+    // clear the bits
+    age_bits[RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_INDEX(obj)] &= ~(RVALUE_AGE_BIT_MASK << (RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_OFFSET(obj)));
+    // shift the correct value in
+    age_bits[RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_INDEX(obj)] |= ((bits_t)age << RVALUE_AGE_BITMAP_OFFSET(obj));
+    if (age == RVALUE_OLD_AGE) {
+        RB_FL_SET_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_PROMOTED);
+    }
+    else {
+        RB_FL_UNSET_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_PROMOTED);
+    }
+}
+
 /* Aliases */
 #define rb_objspace (*rb_objspace_of(GET_VM()))
 #define rb_objspace_of(vm) ((vm)->objspace)
+#define unless_objspace(objspace) \
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace; \
+    rb_vm_t *unless_objspace_vm = GET_VM(); \
+    if (unless_objspace_vm) objspace = unless_objspace_vm->objspace; \
+    else /* return; or objspace will be warned uninitialized */
 
 #define ruby_initial_gc_stress	gc_params.gc_stress
 
@@ -1027,8 +1160,10 @@ VALUE *ruby_initial_gc_stress_ptr = &ruby_initial_gc_stress;
 #define ruby_gc_stress_mode     objspace->gc_stress_mode
 #if GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS
 #define stress_to_class         objspace->stress_to_class
+#define set_stress_to_class(c)  (stress_to_class = (c))
 #else
-#define stress_to_class         0
+#define stress_to_class         (objspace, 0)
+#define set_stress_to_class(c)  (objspace, (c))
 #endif
 
 #if 0
@@ -1145,32 +1280,43 @@ total_freed_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     return count;
 }
 
+static inline size_t
+total_allocated_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    size_t count = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+        rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+        count += size_pool->total_allocated_objects;
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
+static inline size_t
+total_freed_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    size_t count = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+        rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+        count += size_pool->total_freed_objects;
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
 #define gc_mode(objspace)                gc_mode_verify((enum gc_mode)(objspace)->flags.mode)
-#define gc_mode_set(objspace, mode)      ((objspace)->flags.mode = (unsigned int)gc_mode_verify(mode))
+#define gc_mode_set(objspace, m)         ((objspace)->flags.mode = (unsigned int)gc_mode_verify(m))
 
 #define is_marking(objspace)             (gc_mode(objspace) == gc_mode_marking)
 #define is_sweeping(objspace)            (gc_mode(objspace) == gc_mode_sweeping)
 #define is_full_marking(objspace)        ((objspace)->flags.during_minor_gc == FALSE)
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 #define is_incremental_marking(objspace) ((objspace)->flags.during_incremental_marking != FALSE)
-#else
-#define is_incremental_marking(objspace) FALSE
-#endif
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 #define will_be_incremental_marking(objspace) ((objspace)->rgengc.need_major_gc != GPR_FLAG_NONE)
-#else
-#define will_be_incremental_marking(objspace) FALSE
-#endif
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 #define GC_INCREMENTAL_SWEEP_SLOT_COUNT 2048
-#endif
+#define GC_INCREMENTAL_SWEEP_POOL_SLOT_COUNT 1024
 #define is_lazy_sweeping(objspace)           (GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP && has_sweeping_pages(objspace))
 
 #if SIZEOF_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
-# define nonspecial_obj_id(obj) (VALUE)((SIGNED_VALUE)(obj)|FIXNUM_FLAG)
 # define obj_id_to_ref(objid) ((objid) ^ FIXNUM_FLAG) /* unset FIXNUM_FLAG */
 #elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
-# define nonspecial_obj_id(obj) LL2NUM((SIGNED_VALUE)(obj) / 2)
 # define obj_id_to_ref(objid) (FIXNUM_P(objid) ? \
    ((objid) ^ FIXNUM_FLAG) : (NUM2PTR(objid) << 1))
 #else
@@ -1196,25 +1342,22 @@ int ruby_gc_debug_indent = 0;
 VALUE rb_mGC;
 int ruby_disable_gc = 0;
 int ruby_enable_autocompact = 0;
+#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE
+gc_compact_compare_func ruby_autocompact_compare_func;
+#endif
 
-void rb_iseq_mark(const rb_iseq_t *iseq);
-void rb_iseq_update_references(rb_iseq_t *iseq);
+void rb_iseq_mark_and_move(rb_iseq_t *iseq, bool referece_updating);
 void rb_iseq_free(const rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 size_t rb_iseq_memsize(const rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 void rb_vm_update_references(void *ptr);
 
 void rb_gcdebug_print_obj_condition(VALUE obj);
 
-static VALUE define_final0(VALUE obj, VALUE block);
-
 NORETURN(static void *gc_vraise(void *ptr));
 NORETURN(static void gc_raise(VALUE exc, const char *fmt, ...));
 NORETURN(static void negative_size_allocation_error(const char *));
 
 static void init_mark_stack(mark_stack_t *stack);
-
-static int ready_to_gc(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-
 static int garbage_collect(rb_objspace_t *, unsigned int reason);
 
 static int  gc_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, unsigned int reason);
@@ -1222,8 +1365,7 @@ static void gc_rest(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
 
 enum gc_enter_event {
     gc_enter_event_start,
-    gc_enter_event_mark_continue,
-    gc_enter_event_sweep_continue,
+    gc_enter_event_continue,
     gc_enter_event_rest,
     gc_enter_event_finalizer,
     gc_enter_event_rb_memerror,
@@ -1231,46 +1373,26 @@ enum gc_enter_event {
 
 static inline void gc_enter(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event, unsigned int *lock_lev);
 static inline void gc_exit(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event, unsigned int *lock_lev);
-
-static void gc_marks(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark);
-static void gc_marks_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full);
-static void gc_marks_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-static void gc_marks_rest(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-static void gc_marks_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap);
+static void gc_marking_enter(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
+static void gc_marking_exit(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
+static void gc_sweeping_enter(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
+static void gc_sweeping_exit(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
+static bool gc_marks_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap);
 
 static void gc_sweep(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-static void gc_sweep_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-#if USE_RVARGC
 static void gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool);
-#endif
-static void gc_sweep_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-static int  gc_sweep_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap);
-static void gc_sweep_rest(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
 static void gc_sweep_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap);
 
 static inline void gc_mark(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr);
 static inline void gc_pin(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr);
 static inline void gc_mark_and_pin(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr);
-static void gc_mark_ptr(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr);
 NO_SANITIZE("memory", static void gc_mark_maybe(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr));
-static void gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr);
 
 static int gc_mark_stacked_objects_incremental(rb_objspace_t *, size_t count);
-static int gc_mark_stacked_objects_all(rb_objspace_t *);
-static void gc_grey(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr);
-
-static inline int gc_mark_set(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj);
 NO_SANITIZE("memory", static inline int is_pointer_to_heap(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *ptr));
 
-static void   push_mark_stack(mark_stack_t *, VALUE);
-static int    pop_mark_stack(mark_stack_t *, VALUE *);
-static size_t mark_stack_size(mark_stack_t *stack);
-static void   shrink_stack_chunk_cache(mark_stack_t *stack);
-
 static size_t obj_memsize_of(VALUE obj, int use_all_types);
 static void gc_verify_internal_consistency(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
-static int gc_verify_heap_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, VALUE obj);
-static int gc_verify_heap_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
 
 static void gc_stress_set(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE flag);
 static VALUE gc_disable_no_rest(rb_objspace_t *);
@@ -1307,6 +1429,8 @@ PRINTF_ARGS(static void gc_report_body(int level, rb_objspace_t *objspace, const
 static const char *obj_info(VALUE obj);
 static const char *obj_type_name(VALUE obj);
 
+static void gc_finalize_deferred(void *dmy);
+
 /*
  * 1 - TSC (H/W Time Stamp Counter)
  * 2 - getrusage
@@ -1348,7 +1472,7 @@ tick(void)
     return ((unsigned long long)lo)|( ((unsigned long long)hi)<<32);
 }
 
-#elif defined(__powerpc64__) && GCC_VERSION_SINCE(4,8,0)
+#elif defined(__powerpc64__) && (GCC_VERSION_SINCE(4,8,0) || defined(__clang__))
 typedef unsigned long long tick_t;
 #define PRItick "llu"
 
@@ -1359,6 +1483,27 @@ tick(void)
     return val;
 }
 
+/* Implementation for macOS PPC by @nobu
+ * See: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/5975#discussion_r890045558
+ */
+#elif defined(__POWERPC__) && defined(__APPLE__)
+typedef unsigned long long tick_t;
+#define PRItick "llu"
+
+static __inline__ tick_t
+tick(void)
+{
+    unsigned long int upper, lower, tmp;
+    # define mftbu(r) __asm__ volatile("mftbu   %0" : "=r"(r))
+    # define mftb(r)  __asm__ volatile("mftb    %0" : "=r"(r))
+        do {
+            mftbu(upper);
+            mftb(lower);
+            mftbu(tmp);
+        } while (tmp != upper);
+    return ((tick_t)upper << 32) | lower;
+}
+
 #elif defined(__aarch64__) &&  defined(__GNUC__)
 typedef unsigned long tick_t;
 #define PRItick "lu"
@@ -1461,21 +1606,10 @@ asan_poison_object_restore(VALUE obj, void *ptr)
 #define RVALUE_PAGE_UNCOLLECTIBLE(page, obj)  MARKED_IN_BITMAP((page)->uncollectible_bits, (obj))
 #define RVALUE_PAGE_MARKING(page, obj)        MARKED_IN_BITMAP((page)->marking_bits, (obj))
 
-#define RVALUE_OLD_AGE   3
-#define RVALUE_AGE_SHIFT 5 /* FL_PROMOTED0 bit */
-
-static int rgengc_remembered(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj);
-static int rgengc_remembered_sweep(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj);
 static int rgengc_remember(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj);
 static void rgengc_mark_and_rememberset_clear(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap);
 static void rgengc_rememberset_mark(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap);
 
-static inline int
-RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE(VALUE flags)
-{
-    return (int)((flags & (FL_PROMOTED0 | FL_PROMOTED1)) >> RVALUE_AGE_SHIFT);
-}
-
 static int
 check_rvalue_consistency_force(const VALUE obj, int terminate)
 {
@@ -1513,8 +1647,9 @@ check_rvalue_consistency_force(const VALUE obj, int terminate)
             const int wb_unprotected_bit = RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED_BITMAP(obj) != 0;
             const int uncollectible_bit = RVALUE_UNCOLLECTIBLE_BITMAP(obj) != 0;
             const int mark_bit = RVALUE_MARK_BITMAP(obj) != 0;
-            const int marking_bit = RVALUE_MARKING_BITMAP(obj) != 0, remembered_bit = marking_bit;
-            const int age = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE(RBASIC(obj)->flags);
+            const int marking_bit = RVALUE_MARKING_BITMAP(obj) != 0;
+            const int remembered_bit = MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->remembered_bits, obj) != 0;
+            const int age = RVALUE_AGE_GET((VALUE)obj);
 
             if (GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->flags.in_tomb) {
                 fprintf(stderr, "check_rvalue_consistency: %s is in tomb page.\n", obj_info(obj));
@@ -1647,7 +1782,7 @@ static inline int
 RVALUE_REMEMBERED(VALUE obj)
 {
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-    return RVALUE_MARKING_BITMAP(obj) != 0;
+    return MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->remembered_bits, obj) != 0;
 }
 
 static inline int
@@ -1658,34 +1793,20 @@ RVALUE_UNCOLLECTIBLE(VALUE obj)
 }
 
 static inline int
-RVALUE_OLD_P_RAW(VALUE obj)
-{
-    const VALUE promoted = FL_PROMOTED0 | FL_PROMOTED1;
-    return (RBASIC(obj)->flags & promoted) == promoted;
-}
-
-static inline int
 RVALUE_OLD_P(VALUE obj)
 {
+    GC_ASSERT(!RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj));
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-    return RVALUE_OLD_P_RAW(obj);
+    // Because this will only ever be called on GC controlled objects,
+    // we can use the faster _RAW function here
+    return RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(obj);
 }
 
-#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE || GC_DEBUG
-static inline int
-RVALUE_AGE(VALUE obj)
-{
-    check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-    return RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE(RBASIC(obj)->flags);
-}
-#endif
-
 static inline void
 RVALUE_PAGE_OLD_UNCOLLECTIBLE_SET(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, VALUE obj)
 {
     MARK_IN_BITMAP(&page->uncollectible_bits[0], obj);
     objspace->rgengc.old_objects++;
-    rb_transient_heap_promote(obj);
 
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE >= 2
     objspace->profile.total_promoted_count++;
@@ -1700,64 +1821,39 @@ RVALUE_OLD_UNCOLLECTIBLE_SET(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     RVALUE_PAGE_OLD_UNCOLLECTIBLE_SET(objspace, GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj), obj);
 }
 
-static inline VALUE
-RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE_SET(VALUE flags, int age)
-{
-    flags &= ~(FL_PROMOTED0 | FL_PROMOTED1);
-    flags |= (age << RVALUE_AGE_SHIFT);
-    return flags;
-}
-
 /* set age to age+1 */
 static inline void
 RVALUE_AGE_INC(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
-    VALUE flags = RBASIC(obj)->flags;
-    int age = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE(flags);
+    int age = RVALUE_AGE_GET((VALUE)obj);
 
     if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE && age == RVALUE_OLD_AGE) {
         rb_bug("RVALUE_AGE_INC: can not increment age of OLD object %s.", obj_info(obj));
     }
 
     age++;
-    RBASIC(obj)->flags = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE_SET(flags, age);
+    RVALUE_AGE_SET(obj, age);
 
     if (age == RVALUE_OLD_AGE) {
         RVALUE_OLD_UNCOLLECTIBLE_SET(objspace, obj);
     }
-    check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-}
-
-/* set age to RVALUE_OLD_AGE */
-static inline void
-RVALUE_AGE_SET_OLD(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
-{
-    check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-    GC_ASSERT(!RVALUE_OLD_P(obj));
-
-    RBASIC(obj)->flags = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE_SET(RBASIC(obj)->flags, RVALUE_OLD_AGE);
-    RVALUE_OLD_UNCOLLECTIBLE_SET(objspace, obj);
 
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
 }
 
-/* set age to RVALUE_OLD_AGE - 1 */
 static inline void
 RVALUE_AGE_SET_CANDIDATE(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
     GC_ASSERT(!RVALUE_OLD_P(obj));
-
-    RBASIC(obj)->flags = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE_SET(RBASIC(obj)->flags, RVALUE_OLD_AGE - 1);
-
+    RVALUE_AGE_SET(obj, RVALUE_OLD_AGE - 1);
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
 }
 
 static inline void
-RVALUE_DEMOTE_RAW(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
+RVALUE_AGE_RESET(VALUE obj)
 {
-    RBASIC(obj)->flags = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE_SET(RBASIC(obj)->flags, 0);
-    CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_UNCOLLECTIBLE_BITS(obj), obj);
+    RVALUE_AGE_SET(obj, 0);
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -1767,10 +1863,11 @@ RVALUE_DEMOTE(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     GC_ASSERT(RVALUE_OLD_P(obj));
 
     if (!is_incremental_marking(objspace) && RVALUE_REMEMBERED(obj)) {
-        CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARKING_BITS(obj), obj);
+        CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->remembered_bits, obj);
     }
 
-    RVALUE_DEMOTE_RAW(objspace, obj);
+    CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_UNCOLLECTIBLE_BITS(obj), obj);
+    RVALUE_AGE_RESET(obj);
 
     if (RVALUE_MARKED(obj)) {
         objspace->rgengc.old_objects--;
@@ -1779,22 +1876,6 @@ RVALUE_DEMOTE(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
 }
 
-static inline void
-RVALUE_AGE_RESET_RAW(VALUE obj)
-{
-    RBASIC(obj)->flags = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE_SET(RBASIC(obj)->flags, 0);
-}
-
-static inline void
-RVALUE_AGE_RESET(VALUE obj)
-{
-    check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-    GC_ASSERT(!RVALUE_OLD_P(obj));
-
-    RVALUE_AGE_RESET_RAW(obj);
-    check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-}
-
 static inline int
 RVALUE_BLACK_P(VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -1831,6 +1912,10 @@ rb_objspace_alloc(void)
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = calloc1(sizeof(rb_objspace_t));
     objspace->flags.measure_gc = 1;
     malloc_limit = gc_params.malloc_limit_min;
+    objspace->finalize_deferred_pjob = rb_postponed_job_preregister(0, gc_finalize_deferred, objspace);
+    if (objspace->finalize_deferred_pjob == POSTPONED_JOB_HANDLE_INVALID) {
+        rb_bug("Could not preregister postponed job for GC");
+    }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
         rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
@@ -1841,6 +1926,8 @@ rb_objspace_alloc(void)
         ccan_list_head_init(&SIZE_POOL_TOMB_HEAP(size_pool)->pages);
     }
 
+    rb_darray_make_without_gc(&objspace->weak_references, 0);
+
     dont_gc_on();
 
     return objspace;
@@ -1856,10 +1943,8 @@ rb_objspace_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     if (is_lazy_sweeping(objspace))
         rb_bug("lazy sweeping underway when freeing object space");
 
-    if (objspace->profile.records) {
-        free(objspace->profile.records);
-        objspace->profile.records = 0;
-    }
+    free(objspace->profile.records);
+    objspace->profile.records = NULL;
 
     if (global_list) {
         struct gc_list *list, *next;
@@ -1870,7 +1955,8 @@ rb_objspace_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     }
     if (heap_pages_sorted) {
         size_t i;
-        for (i = 0; i < heap_allocated_pages; ++i) {
+        size_t total_heap_pages = heap_allocated_pages;
+        for (i = 0; i < total_heap_pages; ++i) {
             heap_page_free(objspace, heap_pages_sorted[i]);
         }
         free(heap_pages_sorted);
@@ -1891,6 +1977,8 @@ rb_objspace_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     free_stack_chunks(&objspace->mark_stack);
     mark_stack_free_cache(&objspace->mark_stack);
 
+    rb_darray_free_without_gc(objspace->weak_references);
+
     free(objspace);
 }
 
@@ -1964,6 +2052,8 @@ heap_page_add_freeobj(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, VALUE obj
     page->freelist = p;
     asan_lock_freelist(page);
 
+    RVALUE_AGE_RESET(obj);
+
     if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE &&
         /* obj should belong to page */
         !(page->start <= (uintptr_t)obj &&
@@ -1991,7 +2081,6 @@ heap_add_freepage(rb_heap_t *heap, struct heap_page *page)
     asan_lock_freelist(page);
 }
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 static inline void
 heap_add_poolpage(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct heap_page *page)
 {
@@ -2005,7 +2094,6 @@ heap_add_poolpage(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct heap_page *pa
 
     asan_lock_freelist(page);
 }
-#endif
 
 static void
 heap_unlink_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct heap_page *page)
@@ -2058,7 +2146,7 @@ heap_pages_free_unused_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     }
 
     if (has_pages_in_tomb_heap) {
-        for (i = j = 1; j < heap_allocated_pages; i++) {
+        for (i = j = 0; j < heap_allocated_pages; i++) {
             struct heap_page *page = heap_pages_sorted[i];
 
             if (page->flags.in_tomb && page->free_slots == page->total_slots) {
@@ -2078,6 +2166,11 @@ heap_pages_free_unused_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         GC_ASSERT(himem <= heap_pages_himem);
         heap_pages_himem = himem;
 
+        struct heap_page *lopage = heap_pages_sorted[0];
+        uintptr_t lomem = (uintptr_t)lopage->start;
+        GC_ASSERT(lomem >= heap_pages_lomem);
+        heap_pages_lomem = lomem;
+
         GC_ASSERT(j == heap_allocated_pages);
     }
 }
@@ -2289,6 +2382,7 @@ heap_assign_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *
     heap_add_freepage(heap, page);
 }
 
+#if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
 static void
 heap_add_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap, size_t add)
 {
@@ -2302,6 +2396,26 @@ heap_add_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *he
 
     GC_ASSERT(size_pool->allocatable_pages == 0);
 }
+#endif
+
+static size_t
+slots_to_pages_for_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, size_t slots)
+{
+    size_t multiple = size_pool->slot_size / BASE_SLOT_SIZE;
+    /* Due to alignment, heap pages may have one less slot. We should
+     * ensure there is enough pages to guarantee that we will have at
+     * least the required number of slots after allocating all the pages. */
+    size_t slots_per_page = (HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT / multiple) - 1;
+    return CEILDIV(slots, slots_per_page);
+}
+
+static size_t
+minimum_pages_for_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool)
+{
+    size_t size_pool_idx = size_pool - size_pools;
+    size_t init_slots = gc_params.size_pool_init_slots[size_pool_idx];
+    return slots_to_pages_for_size_pool(objspace, size_pool, init_slots);
+}
 
 static size_t
 heap_extend_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, size_t free_slots, size_t total_slots, size_t used)
@@ -2313,8 +2427,7 @@ heap_extend_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, size_t fre
         next_used = (size_t)(used * gc_params.growth_factor);
     }
     else if (total_slots == 0) {
-        int multiple = size_pool->slot_size / BASE_SLOT_SIZE;
-        next_used = (gc_params.heap_init_slots * multiple) / HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT;
+        next_used = minimum_pages_for_size_pool(objspace, size_pool);
     }
     else {
         /* Find `f' where free_slots = f * total_slots * goal_ratio
@@ -2369,9 +2482,14 @@ heap_increment(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *he
 static void
 gc_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap)
 {
+    unsigned int lock_lev;
+    gc_enter(objspace, gc_enter_event_continue, &lock_lev);
+
     /* Continue marking if in incremental marking. */
-    if (heap->free_pages == NULL && is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
-        gc_marks_continue(objspace, size_pool, heap);
+    if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
+        if (gc_marks_continue(objspace, size_pool, heap)) {
+            gc_sweep(objspace);
+        }
     }
 
     /* Continue sweeping if in lazy sweeping or the previous incremental
@@ -2379,6 +2497,8 @@ gc_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap)
     if (heap->free_pages == NULL && is_lazy_sweeping(objspace)) {
         gc_sweep_continue(objspace, size_pool, heap);
     }
+
+    gc_exit(objspace, gc_enter_event_continue, &lock_lev);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2434,22 +2554,17 @@ rb_objspace_set_event_hook(const rb_event_flag_t event)
 {
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
     objspace->hook_events = event & RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_OBJSPACE_MASK;
-    objspace->flags.has_hook = (objspace->hook_events != 0);
+    objspace->flags.has_newobj_hook = !!(objspace->hook_events & RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_NEWOBJ);
 }
 
 static void
 gc_event_hook_body(rb_execution_context_t *ec, rb_objspace_t *objspace, const rb_event_flag_t event, VALUE data)
 {
-    const VALUE *pc = ec->cfp->pc;
-    if (pc && VM_FRAME_RUBYFRAME_P(ec->cfp)) {
-        /* increment PC because source line is calculated with PC-1 */
-        ec->cfp->pc++;
-    }
+    if (UNLIKELY(!ec->cfp)) return;
     EXEC_EVENT_HOOK(ec, event, ec->cfp->self, 0, 0, 0, data);
-    ec->cfp->pc = pc;
 }
 
-#define gc_event_hook_available_p(objspace) ((objspace)->flags.has_hook)
+#define gc_event_newobj_hook_needed_p(objspace) ((objspace)->flags.has_newobj_hook)
 #define gc_event_hook_needed_p(objspace, event) ((objspace)->hook_events & (event))
 
 #define gc_event_hook_prep(objspace, event, data, prep) do { \
@@ -2472,6 +2587,11 @@ newobj_init(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_objspace_t *objspace,
     p->as.basic.flags = flags;
     *((VALUE *)&p->as.basic.klass) = klass;
 
+    int t = flags & RUBY_T_MASK;
+    if (t == T_CLASS || t == T_MODULE || t == T_ICLASS) {
+        RVALUE_AGE_SET_CANDIDATE(objspace, obj);
+    }
+
 #if RACTOR_CHECK_MODE
     rb_ractor_setup_belonging(obj);
 #endif
@@ -2488,13 +2608,7 @@ newobj_init(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_objspace_t *objspace,
         GC_ASSERT(RVALUE_OLD_P(obj) == FALSE);
         GC_ASSERT(RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj) == FALSE);
 
-        if (flags & FL_PROMOTED1) {
-            if (RVALUE_AGE(obj) != 2) rb_bug("newobj: %s of age (%d) != 2.", obj_info(obj), RVALUE_AGE(obj));
-        }
-        else {
-            if (RVALUE_AGE(obj) > 0) rb_bug("newobj: %s of age (%d) > 0.", obj_info(obj), RVALUE_AGE(obj));
-        }
-        if (rgengc_remembered(objspace, (VALUE)obj)) rb_bug("newobj: %s is remembered.", obj_info(obj));
+        if (RVALUE_REMEMBERED((VALUE)obj)) rb_bug("newobj: %s is remembered.", obj_info(obj));
     }
     RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE_NO_BARRIER();
 #endif
@@ -2504,9 +2618,6 @@ newobj_init(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_objspace_t *objspace,
         MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_WB_UNPROTECTED_BITS(obj), obj);
     }
 
-    // TODO: make it atomic, or ractor local
-    objspace->total_allocated_objects++;
-
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE
     if (wb_protected) {
         objspace->profile.total_generated_normal_object_count++;
@@ -2529,24 +2640,6 @@ newobj_init(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_objspace_t *objspace,
 
     gc_report(5, objspace, "newobj: %s\n", obj_info(obj));
 
-#if RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK > 0
-    {
-        static int newobj_cnt = RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK;
-
-        if (!is_incremental_marking(objspace) &&
-            flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED &&   /* do not promote WB unprotected objects */
-            ! RB_TYPE_P(obj, T_ARRAY)) { /* array.c assumes that allocated objects are new */
-            if (--newobj_cnt == 0) {
-                newobj_cnt = RGENGC_OLD_NEWOBJ_CHECK;
-
-                gc_mark_set(objspace, obj);
-                RVALUE_AGE_SET_OLD(objspace, obj);
-
-                rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(obj);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-#endif
     // RUBY_DEBUG_LOG("obj:%p (%s)", (void *)obj, obj_type_name(obj));
     return obj;
 }
@@ -2554,7 +2647,7 @@ newobj_init(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_objspace_t *objspace,
 size_t
 rb_gc_obj_slot_size(VALUE obj)
 {
-    return GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->slot_size;
+    return GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->slot_size - RVALUE_OVERHEAD;
 }
 
 static inline size_t
@@ -2569,9 +2662,17 @@ size_pool_slot_size(unsigned char pool_id)
     GC_ASSERT(size_pools[pool_id].slot_size == (short)slot_size);
 #endif
 
+    slot_size -= RVALUE_OVERHEAD;
+
     return slot_size;
 }
 
+size_t
+rb_size_pool_slot_size(unsigned char pool_id)
+{
+    return size_pool_slot_size(pool_id);
+}
+
 bool
 rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size_t size)
 {
@@ -2585,7 +2686,6 @@ ractor_cache_allocate_slot(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_ractor_newobj_cache_t *ca
     rb_ractor_newobj_size_pool_cache_t *size_pool_cache = &cache->size_pool_caches[size_pool_idx];
     RVALUE *p = size_pool_cache->freelist;
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
         // Not allowed to allocate without running an incremental marking step
         if (cache->incremental_mark_step_allocated_slots >= INCREMENTAL_MARK_STEP_ALLOCATIONS) {
@@ -2596,17 +2696,12 @@ ractor_cache_allocate_slot(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_ractor_newobj_cache_t *ca
             cache->incremental_mark_step_allocated_slots++;
         }
     }
-#endif
 
     if (p) {
         VALUE obj = (VALUE)p;
         MAYBE_UNUSED(const size_t) stride = size_pool_slot_size(size_pool_idx);
         size_pool_cache->freelist = p->as.free.next;
-#if USE_RVARGC
         asan_unpoison_memory_region(p, stride, true);
-#else
-        asan_unpoison_object(obj, true);
-#endif
 #if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE
         GC_ASSERT(rb_gc_obj_slot_size(obj) == stride);
         // zero clear
@@ -2676,14 +2771,16 @@ newobj_fill(VALUE obj, VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE v3)
 static inline size_t
 size_pool_idx_for_size(size_t size)
 {
-#if USE_RVARGC
+    size += RVALUE_OVERHEAD;
+
     size_t slot_count = CEILDIV(size, BASE_SLOT_SIZE);
 
     /* size_pool_idx is ceil(log2(slot_count)) */
     size_t size_pool_idx = 64 - nlz_int64(slot_count - 1);
 
     if (size_pool_idx >= SIZE_POOL_COUNT) {
-        rb_bug("size_pool_idx_for_size: allocation size too large");
+        rb_bug("size_pool_idx_for_size: allocation size too large "
+               "(size=%"PRIuSIZE"u, size_pool_idx=%"PRIuSIZE"u)", size, size_pool_idx);
     }
 
 #if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE
@@ -2693,10 +2790,6 @@ size_pool_idx_for_size(size_t size)
 #endif
 
     return size_pool_idx;
-#else
-    GC_ASSERT(size <= sizeof(RVALUE));
-    return 0;
-#endif
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2721,15 +2814,13 @@ newobj_alloc(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_ractor_t *cr, size_t size_pool_idx, boo
         {
             ASSERT_vm_locking();
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
             if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
-                gc_marks_continue(objspace, size_pool, heap);
+                gc_continue(objspace, size_pool, heap);
                 cache->incremental_mark_step_allocated_slots = 0;
 
                 // Retry allocation after resetting incremental_mark_step_allocated_slots
                 obj = ractor_cache_allocate_slot(objspace, cache, size_pool_idx);
             }
-#endif
 
             if (obj == Qfalse) {
                 // Get next free page (possibly running GC)
@@ -2748,9 +2839,17 @@ newobj_alloc(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_ractor_t *cr, size_t size_pool_idx, boo
         }
     }
 
+    size_pool->total_allocated_objects++;
+
     return obj;
 }
 
+static void
+newobj_zero_slot(VALUE obj)
+{
+    memset((char *)obj + sizeof(struct RBasic), 0, rb_gc_obj_slot_size(obj) - sizeof(struct RBasic));
+}
+
 ALWAYS_INLINE(static VALUE newobj_slowpath(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_ractor_t *cr, int wb_protected, size_t size_pool_idx));
 
 static inline VALUE
@@ -2778,7 +2877,7 @@ newobj_slowpath(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_ractor_t *
         obj = newobj_alloc(objspace, cr, size_pool_idx, true);
         newobj_init(klass, flags, wb_protected, objspace, obj);
 
-        gc_event_hook_prep(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_NEWOBJ, obj, newobj_fill(obj, 0, 0, 0));
+        gc_event_hook_prep(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_NEWOBJ, obj, newobj_zero_slot(obj));
     }
     RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE_CR_LEV(cr, &lev);
 
@@ -2811,20 +2910,22 @@ newobj_of0(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_ractor_t *cr, size_t a
     RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_newobj);
     (void)RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC_IF(obj_newobj_wb_unprotected, !wb_protected);
 
-#if GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS
     if (UNLIKELY(stress_to_class)) {
         long i, cnt = RARRAY_LEN(stress_to_class);
         for (i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) {
             if (klass == RARRAY_AREF(stress_to_class, i)) rb_memerror();
         }
     }
-#endif
 
     size_t size_pool_idx = size_pool_idx_for_size(alloc_size);
 
+    if (SHAPE_IN_BASIC_FLAGS || (flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == T_OBJECT) {
+        flags |= (VALUE)size_pool_idx << SHAPE_FLAG_SHIFT;
+    }
+
     if (!UNLIKELY(during_gc ||
                   ruby_gc_stressful ||
-                  gc_event_hook_available_p(objspace)) &&
+                  gc_event_newobj_hook_needed_p(objspace)) &&
             wb_protected) {
         obj = newobj_alloc(objspace, cr, size_pool_idx, false);
         newobj_init(klass, flags, wb_protected, objspace, obj);
@@ -2841,14 +2942,7 @@ newobj_of0(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, int wb_protected, rb_ractor_t *cr, size_t a
 }
 
 static inline VALUE
-newobj_of(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE v3, int wb_protected, size_t alloc_size)
-{
-    VALUE obj = newobj_of0(klass, flags, wb_protected, GET_RACTOR(), alloc_size);
-    return newobj_fill(obj, v1, v2, v3);
-}
-
-static inline VALUE
-newobj_of_cr(rb_ractor_t *cr, VALUE klass, VALUE flags, VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE v3, int wb_protected, size_t alloc_size)
+newobj_of(rb_ractor_t *cr, VALUE klass, VALUE flags, VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE v3, int wb_protected, size_t alloc_size)
 {
     VALUE obj = newobj_of0(klass, flags, wb_protected, cr, alloc_size);
     return newobj_fill(obj, v1, v2, v3);
@@ -2858,21 +2952,14 @@ VALUE
 rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, size_t size)
 {
     GC_ASSERT((flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED) == 0);
-    return newobj_of(klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, FALSE, size);
-}
-
-VALUE
-rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, size_t size)
-{
-    GC_ASSERT((flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED) == 0);
-    return newobj_of(klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, TRUE, size);
+    return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, FALSE, size);
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_ec_wb_protected_newobj_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, VALUE flags, size_t size)
+rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, VALUE flags, size_t size)
 {
     GC_ASSERT((flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED) == 0);
-    return newobj_of_cr(rb_ec_ractor_ptr(ec), klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, TRUE, size);
+    return newobj_of(rb_ec_ractor_ptr(ec), klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, TRUE, size);
 }
 
 /* for compatibility */
@@ -2880,13 +2967,7 @@ rb_ec_wb_protected_newobj_of(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, VALUE flag
 VALUE
 rb_newobj(void)
 {
-    return newobj_of(0, T_NONE, 0, 0, 0, FALSE, sizeof(RVALUE));
-}
-
-static size_t
-rb_obj_embedded_size(uint32_t numiv)
-{
-    return offsetof(struct RObject, as.ary) + (sizeof(VALUE) * numiv);
+    return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), 0, T_NONE, 0, 0, 0, FALSE, RVALUE_SIZE);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2895,44 +2976,28 @@ rb_class_instance_allocate_internal(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, bool wb_protected)
     GC_ASSERT((flags & RUBY_T_MASK) == T_OBJECT);
     GC_ASSERT(flags & ROBJECT_EMBED);
 
-    st_table *index_tbl = RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(klass);
-    uint32_t index_tbl_num_entries = index_tbl == NULL ? 0 : (uint32_t)index_tbl->num_entries;
-
     size_t size;
-    bool embed = true;
-#if USE_RVARGC
+    uint32_t index_tbl_num_entries = RCLASS_EXT(klass)->max_iv_count;
+
     size = rb_obj_embedded_size(index_tbl_num_entries);
     if (!rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size)) {
         size = sizeof(struct RObject);
-        embed = false;
     }
-#else
-    size = sizeof(struct RObject);
-    if (index_tbl_num_entries > ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX) {
-        embed = false;
-    }
-#endif
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
-    VALUE obj = newobj_of(klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, wb_protected, size);
-#else
-    VALUE obj = newobj_of(klass, flags, Qundef, Qundef, Qundef, wb_protected, size);
-#endif
+    VALUE obj = newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), klass, flags, 0, 0, 0, wb_protected, size);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(rb_shape_get_shape(obj)->type == SHAPE_ROOT);
 
-    if (embed) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
-        uint32_t capa = (uint32_t)((rb_gc_obj_slot_size(obj) - offsetof(struct RObject, as.ary)) / sizeof(VALUE));
-        GC_ASSERT(capa >= index_tbl_num_entries);
+    // Set the shape to the specific T_OBJECT shape which is always
+    // SIZE_POOL_COUNT away from the root shape.
+    ROBJECT_SET_SHAPE_ID(obj, ROBJECT_SHAPE_ID(obj) + SIZE_POOL_COUNT);
 
-        ROBJECT(obj)->numiv = capa;
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < capa; i++) {
-            ROBJECT(obj)->as.ary[i] = Qundef;
-        }
-#endif
-    }
-    else {
-        rb_init_iv_list(obj);
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+    RUBY_ASSERT(!rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj));
+    VALUE *ptr = ROBJECT_IVPTR(obj);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY(obj); i++) {
+        ptr[i] = Qundef;
     }
+#endif
 
     return obj;
 }
@@ -2944,7 +3009,7 @@ rb_newobj_of(VALUE klass, VALUE flags)
         return rb_class_instance_allocate_internal(klass, (flags | ROBJECT_EMBED) & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED);
     }
     else {
-        return newobj_of(klass, flags & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, 0, 0, 0, flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED, sizeof(RVALUE));
+        return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), klass, flags & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, 0, 0, 0, flags & FL_WB_PROTECTED, RVALUE_SIZE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -2982,17 +3047,17 @@ rb_imemo_name(enum imemo_type type)
 VALUE
 rb_imemo_new(enum imemo_type type, VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE v3, VALUE v0)
 {
-    size_t size = sizeof(RVALUE);
+    size_t size = RVALUE_SIZE;
     VALUE flags = T_IMEMO | (type << FL_USHIFT);
-    return newobj_of(v0, flags, v1, v2, v3, TRUE, size);
+    return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), v0, flags, v1, v2, v3, TRUE, size);
 }
 
 static VALUE
 rb_imemo_tmpbuf_new(VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE v3, VALUE v0)
 {
-    size_t size = sizeof(RVALUE);
+    size_t size = sizeof(struct rb_imemo_tmpbuf_struct);
     VALUE flags = T_IMEMO | (imemo_tmpbuf << FL_USHIFT);
-    return newobj_of(v0, flags, v1, v2, v3, FALSE, size);
+    return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), v0, flags, v1, v2, v3, FALSE, size);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3071,7 +3136,7 @@ rb_data_object_wrap(VALUE klass, void *datap, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark, RUBY_DATA_FU
 {
     RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(dfree != (RUBY_DATA_FUNC)1);
     if (klass) rb_data_object_check(klass);
-    return newobj_of(klass, T_DATA, (VALUE)dmark, (VALUE)dfree, (VALUE)datap, FALSE, sizeof(RVALUE));
+    return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), klass, T_DATA, (VALUE)dmark, (VALUE)dfree, (VALUE)datap, !dmark, sizeof(struct RTypedData));
 }
 
 VALUE
@@ -3082,18 +3147,42 @@ rb_data_object_zalloc(VALUE klass, size_t size, RUBY_DATA_FUNC dmark, RUBY_DATA_
     return obj;
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_data_typed_object_wrap(VALUE klass, void *datap, const rb_data_type_t *type)
+static VALUE
+typed_data_alloc(VALUE klass, VALUE typed_flag, void *datap, const rb_data_type_t *type, size_t size)
 {
     RBIMPL_NONNULL_ARG(type);
     if (klass) rb_data_object_check(klass);
-    return newobj_of(klass, T_DATA, (VALUE)type, (VALUE)1, (VALUE)datap, type->flags & RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED, sizeof(RVALUE));
+    bool wb_protected = (type->flags & RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED) || !type->function.dmark;
+    return newobj_of(GET_RACTOR(), klass, T_DATA, (VALUE)type, 1 | typed_flag, (VALUE)datap, wb_protected, size);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_data_typed_object_wrap(VALUE klass, void *datap, const rb_data_type_t *type)
+{
+    if (UNLIKELY(type->flags & RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "Cannot wrap an embeddable TypedData");
+    }
+
+    return typed_data_alloc(klass, 0, datap, type, sizeof(struct RTypedData));
 }
 
 VALUE
 rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(VALUE klass, size_t size, const rb_data_type_t *type)
 {
-    VALUE obj = rb_data_typed_object_wrap(klass, 0, type);
+    if (type->flags & RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE) {
+        if (!(type->flags & RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY)) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "Embeddable TypedData must be freed immediately");
+        }
+
+        size_t embed_size = offsetof(struct RTypedData, data) + size;
+        if (rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(embed_size)) {
+            VALUE obj = typed_data_alloc(klass, TYPED_DATA_EMBEDDED, 0, type, embed_size);
+            memset((char *)obj + offsetof(struct RTypedData, data), 0, size);
+            return obj;
+        }
+    }
+
+    VALUE obj = typed_data_alloc(klass, 0, NULL, type, sizeof(struct RTypedData));
     DATA_PTR(obj) = xcalloc(1, size);
     return obj;
 }
@@ -3101,14 +3190,23 @@ rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(VALUE klass, size_t size, const rb_data_type_t *type
 size_t
 rb_objspace_data_type_memsize(VALUE obj)
 {
+    size_t size = 0;
     if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj)) {
         const rb_data_type_t *type = RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj);
-        const void *ptr = RTYPEDDATA_DATA(obj);
+        const void *ptr = RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(obj);
+
+        if (RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj)->flags & RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE && !RTYPEDDATA_EMBEDDED_P(obj)) {
+#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE
+            size += malloc_usable_size((void *)ptr);
+#endif
+        }
+
         if (ptr && type->function.dsize) {
-            return type->function.dsize(ptr);
+            size += type->function.dsize(ptr);
         }
     }
-    return 0;
+
+    return size;
 }
 
 const char *
@@ -3206,20 +3304,6 @@ rb_free_const_table(struct rb_id_table *tbl)
     rb_id_table_free(tbl);
 }
 
-static int
-free_iv_index_tbl_free_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t data)
-{
-    xfree((void *)value);
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-static void
-iv_index_tbl_free(struct st_table *tbl)
-{
-    st_foreach(tbl, free_iv_index_tbl_free_i, 0);
-    st_free_table(tbl);
-}
-
 // alive: if false, target pointers can be freed already.
 //        To check it, we need objspace parameter.
 static void
@@ -3246,6 +3330,8 @@ vm_ccs_free(struct rb_class_cc_entries *ccs, int alive, rb_objspace_t *objspace,
                     asan_poison_object((VALUE)cc);
                 }
             }
+
+            VM_ASSERT(!vm_cc_super_p(cc) && !vm_cc_refinement_p(cc));
             vm_cc_invalidate(cc);
         }
         ruby_xfree(ccs->entries);
@@ -3383,10 +3469,55 @@ obj_free_object_id(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         st_delete(objspace->id_to_obj_tbl, &id, NULL);
     }
     else {
-        rb_bug("Object ID seen, but not in mapping table: %s\n", obj_info(obj));
+        rb_bug("Object ID seen, but not in mapping table: %s", obj_info(obj));
     }
 }
 
+static bool
+rb_data_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
+{
+    void *data = RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) ? RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(obj) : DATA_PTR(obj);
+    if (data) {
+        int free_immediately = false;
+        void (*dfree)(void *);
+
+        if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj)) {
+            free_immediately = (RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->flags & RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY) != 0;
+            dfree = RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->function.dfree;
+        }
+        else {
+            dfree = RANY(obj)->as.data.dfree;
+        }
+
+        if (dfree) {
+            if (dfree == RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE) {
+                if (!RTYPEDDATA_EMBEDDED_P(obj)) {
+                    xfree(data);
+                    RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_xfree);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (free_immediately) {
+                (*dfree)(data);
+                if (RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj)->flags & RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE && !RTYPEDDATA_EMBEDDED_P(obj)) {
+                    xfree(data);
+                }
+
+                RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_imm_free);
+            }
+            else {
+                make_zombie(objspace, obj, dfree, data);
+                RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_zombie);
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_empty);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 static int
 obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -3428,11 +3559,12 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 
     switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
       case T_OBJECT:
-        if (RANY(obj)->as.basic.flags & ROBJECT_EMBED) {
-            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_obj_embed);
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_obj_too_complex);
+            st_free_table(ROBJECT_IV_HASH(obj));
         }
-        else if (ROBJ_TRANSIENT_P(obj)) {
-            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_obj_transient);
+        else if (RANY(obj)->as.basic.flags & ROBJECT_EMBED) {
+            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_obj_embed);
         }
         else {
             xfree(RANY(obj)->as.object.as.heap.ivptr);
@@ -3443,15 +3575,16 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
       case T_CLASS:
         rb_id_table_free(RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
         cc_table_free(objspace, obj, FALSE);
-        if (RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj)) {
-            st_free_table(RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj));
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+            st_free_table((st_table *)RCLASS_IVPTR(obj));
+        }
+        else if (RCLASS_IVPTR(obj)) {
+            xfree(RCLASS_IVPTR(obj));
         }
+
         if (RCLASS_CONST_TBL(obj)) {
             rb_free_const_table(RCLASS_CONST_TBL(obj));
         }
-        if (RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(obj)) {
-            iv_index_tbl_free(RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(obj));
-        }
         if (RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj)) {
             rb_id_table_foreach_values(RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj), cvar_table_free_i, NULL);
             rb_id_table_free(RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj));
@@ -3462,14 +3595,6 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         if (FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF)) {
             xfree(RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES(obj));
         }
-#if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T != SIZEOF_VALUE && USE_RVARGC
-        xfree(RCLASS(obj)->class_serial_ptr);
-#endif
-
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-        if (RCLASS_EXT(obj))
-            xfree(RCLASS_EXT(obj));
-#endif
 
         (void)RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC_IF(obj_module_ptr, BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_MODULE);
         (void)RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC_IF(obj_class_ptr, BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_CLASS);
@@ -3521,22 +3646,8 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_hash_st);
         }
 #endif
-        if (/* RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(obj) */ !FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)) {
-            struct ar_table_struct *tab = RHASH(obj)->as.ar;
 
-            if (tab) {
-                if (RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(obj)) {
-                    RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_hash_transient);
-                }
-                else {
-                    ruby_xfree(tab);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            GC_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(obj));
-            st_free_table(RHASH(obj)->as.st);
-        }
+        rb_hash_free(obj);
         break;
       case T_REGEXP:
         if (RANY(obj)->as.regexp.ptr) {
@@ -3545,46 +3656,11 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         }
         break;
       case T_DATA:
-        if (DATA_PTR(obj)) {
-            int free_immediately = FALSE;
-            void (*dfree)(void *);
-            void *data = DATA_PTR(obj);
-
-            if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj)) {
-                free_immediately = (RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->flags & RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY) != 0;
-                dfree = RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->function.dfree;
-                if (0 && free_immediately == 0) {
-                    /* to expose non-free-immediate T_DATA */
-                    fprintf(stderr, "not immediate -> %s\n", RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->wrap_struct_name);
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                dfree = RANY(obj)->as.data.dfree;
-            }
-
-            if (dfree) {
-                if (dfree == RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE) {
-                    xfree(data);
-                    RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_xfree);
-                }
-                else if (free_immediately) {
-                    (*dfree)(data);
-                    RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_imm_free);
-                }
-                else {
-                    make_zombie(objspace, obj, dfree, data);
-                    RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_zombie);
-                    return FALSE;
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_data_empty);
-            }
-        }
+        if (!rb_data_free(objspace, obj)) return false;
         break;
       case T_MATCH:
-        if (RANY(obj)->as.match.rmatch) {
-            struct rmatch *rm = RANY(obj)->as.match.rmatch;
+        {
+            rb_matchext_t *rm = RMATCH_EXT(obj);
 #if USE_DEBUG_COUNTER
             if (rm->regs.num_regs >= 8) {
                 RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_match_ge8);
@@ -3599,7 +3675,6 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
             onig_region_free(&rm->regs, 0);
             if (rm->char_offset)
                 xfree(rm->char_offset);
-            xfree(rm);
 
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_match_ptr);
         }
@@ -3632,9 +3707,6 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         cc_table_free(objspace, obj, FALSE);
         rb_class_remove_from_module_subclasses(obj);
         rb_class_remove_from_super_subclasses(obj);
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-        xfree(RCLASS_EXT(obj));
-#endif
 
         RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_iclass_ptr);
         break;
@@ -3662,9 +3734,6 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
             RANY(obj)->as.rstruct.as.heap.ptr == NULL) {
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_struct_embed);
         }
-        else if (RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_P(obj)) {
-            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_struct_transient);
-        }
         else {
             xfree((void *)RANY(obj)->as.rstruct.as.heap.ptr);
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_struct_ptr);
@@ -3720,8 +3789,16 @@ obj_free(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_imemo_parser_strterm);
             break;
           case imemo_callinfo:
-            RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_imemo_callinfo);
-            break;
+            {
+                const struct rb_callinfo * ci = ((const struct rb_callinfo *)obj);
+                rb_vm_ci_free(ci);
+                if (ci->kwarg) {
+                    ((struct rb_callinfo_kwarg *)ci->kwarg)->references--;
+                    if (ci->kwarg->references == 0) xfree((void *)ci->kwarg);
+                }
+                RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_imemo_callinfo);
+                break;
+            }
           case imemo_callcache:
             RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_imemo_callcache);
             break;
@@ -3793,13 +3870,14 @@ Init_heap(void)
     objspace->rgengc.oldmalloc_increase_limit = gc_params.oldmalloc_limit_min;
 #endif
 
-    heap_add_pages(objspace, &size_pools[0], SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(&size_pools[0]), gc_params.heap_init_slots / HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT);
-
-    /* Give other size pools allocatable pages. */
-    for (int i = 1; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+    /* Set size pools allocatable pages. */
+    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
         rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
-        int multiple = size_pool->slot_size / BASE_SLOT_SIZE;
-        size_pool->allocatable_pages = gc_params.heap_init_slots * multiple / HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT;
+
+        /* Set the default value of size_pool_init_slots. */
+        gc_params.size_pool_init_slots[i] = GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS;
+
+        size_pool->allocatable_pages = minimum_pages_for_size_pool(objspace, size_pool);
     }
     heap_pages_expand_sorted(objspace);
 
@@ -3818,6 +3896,7 @@ Init_gc_stress(void)
 }
 
 typedef int each_obj_callback(void *, void *, size_t, void *);
+typedef int each_page_callback(struct heap_page *, void *);
 
 static void objspace_each_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, each_obj_callback *callback, void *data, bool protected);
 static void objspace_reachable_objects_from_root(rb_objspace_t *, void (func)(const char *, VALUE, void *), void *);
@@ -3826,7 +3905,8 @@ struct each_obj_data {
     rb_objspace_t *objspace;
     bool reenable_incremental;
 
-    each_obj_callback *callback;
+    each_obj_callback *each_obj_callback;
+    each_page_callback *each_page_callback;
     void *data;
 
     struct heap_page **pages[SIZE_POOL_COUNT];
@@ -3846,11 +3926,7 @@ objspace_each_objects_ensure(VALUE arg)
 
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
         struct heap_page **pages = data->pages[i];
-        /* pages could be NULL if an error was raised during setup (e.g.
-         * malloc failed due to out of memory). */
-        if (pages) {
-            free(pages);
-        }
+        free(pages);
     }
 
     return Qnil;
@@ -3904,9 +3980,15 @@ objspace_each_objects_try(VALUE arg)
             uintptr_t pstart = (uintptr_t)page->start;
             uintptr_t pend = pstart + (page->total_slots * size_pool->slot_size);
 
-            if (!__asan_region_is_poisoned((void *)pstart, pend - pstart) &&
-                (*data->callback)((void *)pstart, (void *)pend, size_pool->slot_size, data->data)) {
-                break;
+            if (!__asan_region_is_poisoned((void *)pstart, pend - pstart)) {
+                if (data->each_obj_callback &&
+                    (*data->each_obj_callback)((void *)pstart, (void *)pend, size_pool->slot_size, data->data)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (data->each_page_callback &&
+                    (*data->each_page_callback)(page, data->data)) {
+                    break;
+                }
             }
 
             page = ccan_list_next(&SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool)->pages, page, page_node);
@@ -3932,14 +4014,16 @@ objspace_each_objects_try(VALUE arg)
  *
  * This is a sample callback code to iterate liveness objects:
  *
- *   int
- *   sample_callback(void *vstart, void *vend, int stride, void *data) {
- *     VALUE v = (VALUE)vstart;
- *     for (; v != (VALUE)vend; v += stride) {
- *       if (RBASIC(v)->flags) { // liveness check
- *       // do something with live object 'v'
- *     }
- *     return 0; // continue to iteration
+ *   static int
+ *   sample_callback(void *vstart, void *vend, int stride, void *data)
+ *   {
+ *       VALUE v = (VALUE)vstart;
+ *       for (; v != (VALUE)vend; v += stride) {
+ *           if (!rb_objspace_internal_object_p(v)) { // liveness check
+ *               // do something with live object 'v'
+ *           }
+ *       }
+ *       return 0; // continue to iteration
  *   }
  *
  * Note: 'vstart' is not a top of heap_page.  This point the first
@@ -3959,9 +4043,10 @@ rb_objspace_each_objects(each_obj_callback *callback, void *data)
 }
 
 static void
-objspace_each_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, each_obj_callback *callback, void *data, bool protected)
+objspace_each_exec(bool protected, struct each_obj_data *each_obj_data)
 {
     /* Disable incremental GC */
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = each_obj_data->objspace;
     bool reenable_incremental = FALSE;
     if (protected) {
         reenable_incremental = !objspace->flags.dont_incremental;
@@ -3970,18 +4055,35 @@ objspace_each_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, each_obj_callback *callback, void
         objspace->flags.dont_incremental = TRUE;
     }
 
+    each_obj_data->reenable_incremental = reenable_incremental;
+    memset(&each_obj_data->pages, 0, sizeof(each_obj_data->pages));
+    memset(&each_obj_data->pages_counts, 0, sizeof(each_obj_data->pages_counts));
+    rb_ensure(objspace_each_objects_try, (VALUE)each_obj_data,
+              objspace_each_objects_ensure, (VALUE)each_obj_data);
+}
+
+static void
+objspace_each_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, each_obj_callback *callback, void *data, bool protected)
+{
     struct each_obj_data each_obj_data = {
         .objspace = objspace,
-        .reenable_incremental = reenable_incremental,
-
-        .callback = callback,
+        .each_obj_callback = callback,
+        .each_page_callback = NULL,
         .data = data,
+    };
+    objspace_each_exec(protected, &each_obj_data);
+}
 
-        .pages = {NULL},
-        .pages_counts = {0},
+static void
+objspace_each_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, each_page_callback *callback, void *data, bool protected)
+{
+    struct each_obj_data each_obj_data = {
+        .objspace = objspace,
+        .each_obj_callback = NULL,
+        .each_page_callback = callback,
+        .data = data,
     };
-    rb_ensure(objspace_each_objects_try, (VALUE)&each_obj_data,
-              objspace_each_objects_ensure, (VALUE)&each_obj_data);
+    objspace_each_exec(protected, &each_obj_data);
 }
 
 void
@@ -4157,6 +4259,45 @@ should_be_finalizable(VALUE obj)
     rb_check_frozen(obj);
 }
 
+VALUE
+rb_define_finalizer_no_check(VALUE obj, VALUE block)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    VALUE table;
+    st_data_t data;
+
+    RBASIC(obj)->flags |= FL_FINALIZE;
+
+    if (st_lookup(finalizer_table, obj, &data)) {
+        table = (VALUE)data;
+
+        /* avoid duplicate block, table is usually small */
+        {
+            long len = RARRAY_LEN(table);
+            long i;
+
+            for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+                VALUE recv = RARRAY_AREF(table, i);
+                if (rb_equal(recv, block)) {
+                    block = recv;
+                    goto end;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        rb_ary_push(table, block);
+    }
+    else {
+        table = rb_ary_new3(1, block);
+        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(table);
+        st_add_direct(finalizer_table, obj, table);
+    }
+  end:
+    block = rb_ary_new3(2, INT2FIX(0), block);
+    OBJ_FREEZE(block);
+    return block;
+}
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *     ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(obj, aProc=proc())
@@ -4237,46 +4378,7 @@ define_final(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE os)
         rb_warn("finalizer references object to be finalized");
     }
 
-    return define_final0(obj, block);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-define_final0(VALUE obj, VALUE block)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-    VALUE table;
-    st_data_t data;
-
-    RBASIC(obj)->flags |= FL_FINALIZE;
-
-    if (st_lookup(finalizer_table, obj, &data)) {
-        table = (VALUE)data;
-
-        /* avoid duplicate block, table is usually small */
-        {
-            long len = RARRAY_LEN(table);
-            long i;
-
-            for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                VALUE recv = RARRAY_AREF(table, i);
-                if (rb_equal(recv, block)) {
-                    block = recv;
-                    goto end;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        rb_ary_push(table, block);
-    }
-    else {
-        table = rb_ary_new3(1, block);
-        RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(table);
-        st_add_direct(finalizer_table, obj, table);
-    }
-  end:
-    block = rb_ary_new3(2, INT2FIX(0), block);
-    OBJ_FREEZE(block);
-    return block;
+    return rb_define_finalizer_no_check(obj, block);
 }
 
 VALUE
@@ -4284,7 +4386,7 @@ rb_define_finalizer(VALUE obj, VALUE block)
 {
     should_be_finalizable(obj);
     should_be_callable(block);
-    return define_final0(obj, block);
+    return rb_define_finalizer_no_check(obj, block);
 }
 
 void
@@ -4311,7 +4413,7 @@ run_single_final(VALUE cmd, VALUE objid)
 static void
 warn_exception_in_finalizer(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE final)
 {
-    if (final != Qundef && !NIL_P(ruby_verbose)) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(final) && !NIL_P(ruby_verbose)) {
         VALUE errinfo = ec->errinfo;
         rb_warn("Exception in finalizer %+"PRIsVALUE, final);
         rb_ec_error_print(ec, errinfo);
@@ -4328,16 +4430,20 @@ run_finalizer(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj, VALUE table)
         VALUE objid;
         VALUE final;
         rb_control_frame_t *cfp;
+        VALUE *sp;
         long finished;
     } saved;
+
     rb_execution_context_t * volatile ec = GET_EC();
 #define RESTORE_FINALIZER() (\
         ec->cfp = saved.cfp, \
+        ec->cfp->sp = saved.sp, \
         ec->errinfo = saved.errinfo)
 
     saved.errinfo = ec->errinfo;
     saved.objid = rb_obj_id(obj);
     saved.cfp = ec->cfp;
+    saved.sp = ec->cfp->sp;
     saved.finished = 0;
     saved.final = Qundef;
 
@@ -4397,7 +4503,7 @@ finalize_list(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE zombie)
             page->final_slots--;
             page->free_slots++;
             heap_page_add_freeobj(objspace, page, zombie);
-            objspace->profile.total_freed_objects++;
+            page->size_pool->total_freed_objects++;
         }
         RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE();
 
@@ -4436,9 +4542,44 @@ gc_finalize_deferred(void *dmy)
 static void
 gc_finalize_deferred_register(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
-    if (rb_postponed_job_register_one(0, gc_finalize_deferred, objspace) == 0) {
-        rb_bug("gc_finalize_deferred_register: can't register finalizer.");
+    /* will enqueue a call to gc_finalize_deferred */
+    rb_postponed_job_trigger(objspace->finalize_deferred_pjob);
+}
+
+static int pop_mark_stack(mark_stack_t *stack, VALUE *data);
+
+static void
+gc_abort(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
+        /* Remove all objects from the mark stack. */
+        VALUE obj;
+        while (pop_mark_stack(&objspace->mark_stack, &obj));
+
+        objspace->flags.during_incremental_marking = FALSE;
     }
+
+    if (is_lazy_sweeping(objspace)) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+            rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+            rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
+
+            heap->sweeping_page = NULL;
+            struct heap_page *page = NULL;
+
+            ccan_list_for_each(&heap->pages, page, page_node) {
+                page->flags.before_sweep = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+        rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+        rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
+        rgengc_mark_and_rememberset_clear(objspace, heap);
+    }
+
+    gc_mode_set(objspace, gc_mode_none);
 }
 
 struct force_finalize_list {
@@ -4462,6 +4603,35 @@ force_chain_object(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
 bool rb_obj_is_main_ractor(VALUE gv);
 
 void
+rb_objspace_free_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < heap_allocated_pages; i++) {
+        struct heap_page *page = heap_pages_sorted[i];
+        short stride = page->slot_size;
+
+        uintptr_t p = (uintptr_t)page->start;
+        uintptr_t pend = p + page->total_slots * stride;
+        for (; p < pend; p += stride) {
+            VALUE vp = (VALUE)p;
+            switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(vp)) {
+              case T_DATA: {
+                if (rb_obj_is_mutex(vp) || rb_obj_is_thread(vp) || rb_obj_is_main_ractor(vp)) {
+                    obj_free(objspace, vp);
+                }
+                break;
+              }
+              case T_ARRAY:
+                obj_free(objspace, vp);
+                break;
+              default:
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
 rb_objspace_call_finalizer(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
     size_t i;
@@ -4469,15 +4639,12 @@ rb_objspace_call_finalizer(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 #if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 2
     gc_verify_internal_consistency(objspace);
 #endif
-    gc_rest(objspace);
-
     if (ATOMIC_EXCHANGE(finalizing, 1)) return;
 
     /* run finalizers */
     finalize_deferred(objspace);
     GC_ASSERT(heap_pages_deferred_final == 0);
 
-    gc_rest(objspace);
     /* prohibit incremental GC */
     objspace->flags.dont_incremental = 1;
 
@@ -4495,6 +4662,9 @@ rb_objspace_call_finalizer(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         }
     }
 
+    /* Abort incremental marking and lazy sweeping to speed up shutdown. */
+    gc_abort(objspace);
+
     /* prohibit GC because force T_DATA finalizers can break an object graph consistency */
     dont_gc_on();
 
@@ -4519,23 +4689,20 @@ rb_objspace_call_finalizer(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
                 if (rb_obj_is_mutex(vp)) break;
                 if (rb_obj_is_fiber(vp)) break;
                 if (rb_obj_is_main_ractor(vp)) break;
-                if (RTYPEDDATA_P(vp)) {
-                    RDATA(p)->dfree = RANY(p)->as.typeddata.type->function.dfree;
-                }
-                RANY(p)->as.free.flags = 0;
-                if (RANY(p)->as.data.dfree == RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE) {
-                    xfree(DATA_PTR(p));
-                }
-                else if (RANY(p)->as.data.dfree) {
-                    make_zombie(objspace, vp, RANY(p)->as.data.dfree, RANY(p)->as.data.data);
-                }
+
+                obj_free(objspace, vp);
                 break;
               case T_FILE:
-                if (RANY(p)->as.file.fptr) {
-                    make_io_zombie(objspace, vp);
-                }
+                obj_free(objspace, vp);
+                break;
+              case T_SYMBOL:
+              case T_ARRAY:
+              case T_NONE:
                 break;
               default:
+                if (rb_free_at_exit) {
+                    obj_free(objspace, vp);
+                }
                 break;
             }
             if (poisoned) {
@@ -4555,7 +4722,7 @@ rb_objspace_call_finalizer(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 }
 
 static inline int
-is_swept_object(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr)
+is_swept_object(VALUE ptr)
 {
     struct heap_page *page = GET_HEAP_PAGE(ptr);
     return page->flags.before_sweep ? FALSE : TRUE;
@@ -4566,7 +4733,7 @@ static inline int
 is_garbage_object(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr)
 {
     if (!is_lazy_sweeping(objspace) ||
-        is_swept_object(objspace, ptr) ||
+        is_swept_object(ptr) ||
         MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS(ptr), ptr)) {
 
         return FALSE;
@@ -4597,7 +4764,7 @@ is_live_object(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE ptr)
 }
 
 static inline int
-is_markable_object(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
+is_markable_object(VALUE obj)
 {
     if (rb_special_const_p(obj)) return FALSE; /* special const is not markable */
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
@@ -4608,7 +4775,7 @@ int
 rb_objspace_markable_object_p(VALUE obj)
 {
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-    return is_markable_object(objspace, obj) && is_live_object(objspace, obj);
+    return is_markable_object(obj) && is_live_object(objspace, obj);
 }
 
 int
@@ -4618,9 +4785,18 @@ rb_objspace_garbage_object_p(VALUE obj)
     return is_garbage_object(objspace, obj);
 }
 
-static VALUE
-id2ref_obj_tbl(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE objid)
+bool
+rb_gc_is_ptr_to_obj(void *ptr)
 {
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    return is_pointer_to_heap(objspace, ptr);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_gc_id2ref_obj_tbl(VALUE objid)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+
     VALUE orig;
     if (st_lookup(objspace->id_to_obj_tbl, objid, &orig)) {
         return orig;
@@ -4677,7 +4853,7 @@ id2ref(VALUE objid)
         }
     }
 
-    if ((orig = id2ref_obj_tbl(objspace, objid)) != Qundef &&
+    if (!UNDEF_P(orig = rb_gc_id2ref_obj_tbl(objid)) &&
         is_live_object(objspace, orig)) {
 
         if (!rb_multi_ractor_p() || rb_ractor_shareable_p(orig)) {
@@ -4696,6 +4872,7 @@ id2ref(VALUE objid)
     }
 }
 
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
 os_id2ref(VALUE os, VALUE objid)
 {
@@ -4750,16 +4927,21 @@ cached_object_id(VALUE obj)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-nonspecial_obj_id_(VALUE obj)
+nonspecial_obj_id(VALUE obj)
 {
-    return nonspecial_obj_id(obj);
+#if SIZEOF_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+    return (VALUE)((SIGNED_VALUE)(obj)|FIXNUM_FLAG);
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == SIZEOF_VOIDP
+    return LL2NUM((SIGNED_VALUE)(obj) / 2);
+#else
+# error not supported
+#endif
 }
 
-
 VALUE
 rb_memory_id(VALUE obj)
 {
-    return rb_find_object_id(obj, nonspecial_obj_id_);
+    return rb_find_object_id(obj, nonspecial_obj_id);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4857,41 +5039,31 @@ obj_memsize_of(VALUE obj, int use_all_types)
 
     switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
       case T_OBJECT:
-        if (!(RBASIC(obj)->flags & ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
-            size += ROBJECT_NUMIV(obj) * sizeof(VALUE);
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+            size += rb_st_memsize(ROBJECT_IV_HASH(obj));
+        }
+        else if (!(RBASIC(obj)->flags & ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
+            size += ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY(obj) * sizeof(VALUE);
         }
         break;
       case T_MODULE:
       case T_CLASS:
-        if (RCLASS_EXT(obj)) {
-            if (RCLASS_M_TBL(obj)) {
-                size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
-            }
-            if (RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj)) {
-                size += st_memsize(RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj));
-            }
-            if (RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj)) {
-                size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj));
-            }
-            if (RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(obj)) {
-                // TODO: more correct value
-                size += st_memsize(RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(obj));
-            }
-            if (RCLASS_EXT(obj)->iv_tbl) {
-                size += st_memsize(RCLASS_EXT(obj)->iv_tbl);
-            }
-            if (RCLASS_EXT(obj)->const_tbl) {
-                size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_EXT(obj)->const_tbl);
-            }
-            if (RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj)) {
-                size += cc_table_memsize(RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj));
-            }
-            if (FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF)) {
-                size += (RCLASS_SUPERCLASS_DEPTH(obj) + 1) * sizeof(VALUE);
-            }
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-            size += sizeof(rb_classext_t);
-#endif
+        if (RCLASS_M_TBL(obj)) {
+            size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
+        }
+        // class IV sizes are allocated as powers of two
+        size += SIZEOF_VALUE << bit_length(RCLASS_IV_COUNT(obj));
+        if (RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj)) {
+            size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_CVC_TBL(obj));
+        }
+        if (RCLASS_EXT(obj)->const_tbl) {
+            size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_EXT(obj)->const_tbl);
+        }
+        if (RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj)) {
+            size += cc_table_memsize(RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj));
+        }
+        if (FL_TEST_RAW(obj, RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF)) {
+            size += (RCLASS_SUPERCLASS_DEPTH(obj) + 1) * sizeof(VALUE);
         }
         break;
       case T_ICLASS:
@@ -4900,7 +5072,7 @@ obj_memsize_of(VALUE obj, int use_all_types)
                 size += rb_id_table_memsize(RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
             }
         }
-        if (RCLASS_EXT(obj) && RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj)) {
+        if (RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj)) {
             size += cc_table_memsize(RCLASS_CC_TBL(obj));
         }
         break;
@@ -4911,15 +5083,10 @@ obj_memsize_of(VALUE obj, int use_all_types)
         size += rb_ary_memsize(obj);
         break;
       case T_HASH:
-        if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(obj)) {
-            if (RHASH_AR_TABLE(obj) != NULL) {
-                size_t rb_hash_ar_table_size(void);
-                size += rb_hash_ar_table_size();
-            }
-        }
-        else {
+        if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(obj)) {
             VM_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE(obj) != NULL);
-            size += st_memsize(RHASH_ST_TABLE(obj));
+            /* st_table is in the slot */
+            size += st_memsize(RHASH_ST_TABLE(obj)) - sizeof(st_table);
         }
         break;
       case T_REGEXP:
@@ -4931,11 +5098,10 @@ obj_memsize_of(VALUE obj, int use_all_types)
         if (use_all_types) size += rb_objspace_data_type_memsize(obj);
         break;
       case T_MATCH:
-        if (RMATCH(obj)->rmatch) {
-            struct rmatch *rm = RMATCH(obj)->rmatch;
+        {
+            rb_matchext_t *rm = RMATCH_EXT(obj);
             size += onig_region_memsize(&rm->regs);
             size += sizeof(struct rmatch_offset) * rm->char_offset_num_allocated;
-            size += sizeof(struct rmatch);
         }
         break;
       case T_FILE:
@@ -4980,7 +5146,7 @@ obj_memsize_of(VALUE obj, int use_all_types)
                BUILTIN_TYPE(obj), (void*)obj);
     }
 
-    return size + GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->slot_size;
+    return size + rb_gc_obj_slot_size(obj);
 }
 
 size_t
@@ -5154,7 +5320,7 @@ objspace_available_slots(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 static size_t
 objspace_live_slots(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
-    return (objspace->total_allocated_objects - objspace->profile.total_freed_objects) - heap_pages_final_slots;
+    return total_allocated_objects(objspace) - total_freed_objects(objspace) - heap_pages_final_slots;
 }
 
 static size_t
@@ -5212,6 +5378,8 @@ unlock_page_body(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page_body *body)
 static bool
 try_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct heap_page *free_page, VALUE src)
 {
+    GC_ASSERT(gc_is_moveable_obj(objspace, src));
+
     struct heap_page *src_page = GET_HEAP_PAGE(src);
     if (!free_page) {
         return false;
@@ -5220,33 +5388,35 @@ try_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct heap_page *free_page,
     /* We should return true if either src is successfully moved, or src is
      * unmoveable. A false return will cause the sweeping cursor to be
      * incremented to the next page, and src will attempt to move again */
-    if (gc_is_moveable_obj(objspace, src)) {
-        GC_ASSERT(MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS(src), src));
-
-        VALUE dest = (VALUE)free_page->freelist;
-        asan_unpoison_object(dest, false);
-        if (!dest) {
-            /* if we can't get something from the freelist then the page must be
-             * full */
-            return false;
-        }
-        free_page->freelist = RANY(dest)->as.free.next;
-
-        GC_ASSERT(RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(dest) == T_NONE);
+    GC_ASSERT(MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS(src), src));
+
+    asan_unlock_freelist(free_page);
+    VALUE dest = (VALUE)free_page->freelist;
+    asan_lock_freelist(free_page);
+    asan_unpoison_object(dest, false);
+    if (!dest) {
+        /* if we can't get something from the freelist then the page must be
+         * full */
+        return false;
+    }
+    asan_unlock_freelist(free_page);
+    free_page->freelist = RANY(dest)->as.free.next;
+    asan_lock_freelist(free_page);
 
-        if (src_page->slot_size > free_page->slot_size) {
-            objspace->rcompactor.moved_down_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(src)]++;
-        }
-        else if (free_page->slot_size > src_page->slot_size) {
-            objspace->rcompactor.moved_up_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(src)]++;
-        }
-        objspace->rcompactor.moved_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(src)]++;
-        objspace->rcompactor.total_moved++;
+    GC_ASSERT(RB_BUILTIN_TYPE(dest) == T_NONE);
 
-        gc_move(objspace, src, dest, src_page->slot_size, free_page->slot_size);
-        gc_pin(objspace, src);
-        free_page->free_slots--;
+    if (src_page->slot_size > free_page->slot_size) {
+        objspace->rcompactor.moved_down_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(src)]++;
+    }
+    else if (free_page->slot_size > src_page->slot_size) {
+        objspace->rcompactor.moved_up_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(src)]++;
     }
+    objspace->rcompactor.moved_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(src)]++;
+    objspace->rcompactor.total_moved++;
+
+    gc_move(objspace, src, dest, src_page->slot_size, free_page->slot_size);
+    gc_pin(objspace, src);
+    free_page->free_slots--;
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -5263,14 +5433,8 @@ gc_unprotect_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap)
 }
 
 static void gc_update_references(rb_objspace_t * objspace);
+#if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
 static void invalidate_moved_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page);
-
-#ifndef GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
-#if defined(__wasi__) /* WebAssembly doesn't support signals */
-# define GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION 0
-#else
-# define GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION 1
-#endif
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(_WIN32)
@@ -5456,45 +5620,6 @@ install_handlers(void)
 #endif
 
 static void
-revert_stack_objects(VALUE stack_obj, void *ctx)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t * objspace = (rb_objspace_t*)ctx;
-
-    if (BUILTIN_TYPE(stack_obj) == T_MOVED) {
-        /* For now we'll revert the whole page if the object made it to the
-         * stack.  I think we can change this to move just the one object
-         * back though */
-        invalidate_moved_page(objspace, GET_HEAP_PAGE(stack_obj));
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-revert_machine_stack_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE v)
-{
-    if (is_pointer_to_heap(objspace, (void *)v)) {
-        if (BUILTIN_TYPE(v) == T_MOVED) {
-            /* For now we'll revert the whole page if the object made it to the
-             * stack.  I think we can change this to move just the one object
-             * back though */
-            invalidate_moved_page(objspace, GET_HEAP_PAGE(v));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void each_machine_stack_value(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, void (*cb)(rb_objspace_t *, VALUE));
-
-static void
-check_stack_for_moved(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
-{
-    rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
-    rb_vm_t *vm = rb_ec_vm_ptr(ec);
-    rb_vm_each_stack_value(vm, revert_stack_objects, (void*)objspace);
-    each_machine_stack_value(ec, revert_machine_stack_references);
-}
-
-static void gc_mode_transition(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_mode mode);
-
-static void
 gc_compact_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
@@ -5505,13 +5630,6 @@ gc_compact_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 
     uninstall_handlers();
 
-    /* The mutator is allowed to run during incremental sweeping. T_MOVED
-     * objects can get pushed on the stack and when the compaction process
-     * finishes up, it may remove the read barrier before anything has a
-     * chance to read from the T_MOVED address. To fix this, we scan the stack
-     * then revert any moved objects that made it to the stack. */
-    check_stack_for_moved(objspace);
-
     gc_update_references(objspace);
     objspace->profile.compact_count++;
 
@@ -5557,7 +5675,7 @@ gc_sweep_plane(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, uintptr_t p, bits_t bit
 #if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE
                     if (!is_full_marking(objspace)) {
                         if (RVALUE_OLD_P(vp)) rb_bug("page_sweep: %p - old while minor GC.", (void *)p);
-                        if (rgengc_remembered_sweep(objspace, vp)) rb_bug("page_sweep: %p - remembered.", (void *)p);
+                        if (RVALUE_REMEMBERED(vp)) rb_bug("page_sweep: %p - remembered.", (void *)p);
                     }
 #endif
                     if (obj_free(objspace, vp)) {
@@ -5580,7 +5698,7 @@ gc_sweep_plane(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, uintptr_t p, bits_t bit
                          * The sweep cursor and compact cursor move in
                          * opposite directions, and when they meet references will
                          * get updated and "during_compacting" should get disabled */
-                        rb_bug("T_MOVED shouldn't be seen until compaction is finished\n");
+                        rb_bug("T_MOVED shouldn't be seen until compaction is finished");
                     }
                     gc_report(3, objspace, "page_sweep: %s is added to freelist\n", obj_info(vp));
                     ctx->empty_slots++;
@@ -5667,7 +5785,7 @@ gc_sweep_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct gc_sweep_context
                    ctx->freed_slots, ctx->empty_slots, ctx->final_slots);
 
     sweep_page->free_slots += ctx->freed_slots + ctx->empty_slots;
-    objspace->profile.total_freed_objects += ctx->freed_slots;
+    sweep_page->size_pool->total_freed_objects += ctx->freed_slots;
 
     if (heap_pages_deferred_final && !finalizing) {
         rb_thread_t *th = GET_THREAD();
@@ -5693,23 +5811,6 @@ gc_sweep_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, struct gc_sweep_context
     gc_report(2, objspace, "page_sweep: end.\n");
 }
 
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-/* allocate additional minimum page to work */
-static void
-gc_heap_prepare_minimum_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap)
-{
-    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
-        if (!heap->free_pages && heap_increment(objspace, size_pool, heap) == FALSE) {
-            /* there is no free after page_sweep() */
-            size_pool_allocatable_pages_set(objspace, size_pool, 1);
-            if (!heap_increment(objspace, size_pool, heap)) { /* can't allocate additional free objects */
-                rb_memerror();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-#endif
-
 static const char *
 gc_mode_name(enum gc_mode mode)
 {
@@ -5767,9 +5868,7 @@ gc_sweep_start_heap(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap)
 {
     heap->sweeping_page = ccan_list_top(&heap->pages, struct heap_page, page_node);
     heap->free_pages = NULL;
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     heap->pooled_pages = NULL;
-#endif
     if (!objspace->flags.immediate_sweep) {
         struct heap_page *page = NULL;
 
@@ -5782,13 +5881,25 @@ gc_sweep_start_heap(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap)
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 4
 __attribute__((noinline))
 #endif
+
+#if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
+static void gc_sort_heap_by_compare_func(rb_objspace_t *objspace, gc_compact_compare_func compare_func);
+static int compare_pinned_slots(const void *left, const void *right, void *d);
+#endif
+
 static void
 gc_sweep_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
     gc_mode_transition(objspace, gc_mode_sweeping);
-
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     objspace->rincgc.pooled_slots = 0;
+
+#if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
+    if (objspace->flags.during_compacting) {
+        gc_sort_heap_by_compare_func(
+            objspace,
+            objspace->rcompactor.compare_func ? objspace->rcompactor.compare_func : compare_pinned_slots
+        );
+    }
 #endif
 
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
@@ -5797,14 +5908,12 @@ gc_sweep_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 
         gc_sweep_start_heap(objspace, heap);
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
         /* We should call gc_sweep_finish_size_pool for size pools with no pages. */
         if (heap->sweeping_page == NULL) {
             GC_ASSERT(heap->total_pages == 0);
             GC_ASSERT(heap->total_slots == 0);
             gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(objspace, size_pool);
         }
-#endif
     }
 
     rb_ractor_t *r = NULL;
@@ -5813,7 +5922,6 @@ gc_sweep_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     }
 }
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
 static void
 gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool)
 {
@@ -5822,12 +5930,8 @@ gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool)
     size_t total_pages = heap->total_pages + SIZE_POOL_TOMB_HEAP(size_pool)->total_pages;
     size_t swept_slots = size_pool->freed_slots + size_pool->empty_slots;
 
-    size_t min_free_slots = (size_t)(total_slots * gc_params.heap_free_slots_min_ratio);
-    /* Some size pools may have very few pages (or even no pages). These size pools
-     * should still have allocatable pages. */
-    if (min_free_slots < gc_params.heap_init_slots) {
-        min_free_slots = gc_params.heap_init_slots;
-    }
+    size_t init_slots = gc_params.size_pool_init_slots[size_pool - size_pools];
+    size_t min_free_slots = (size_t)(MAX(total_slots, init_slots) * gc_params.heap_free_slots_min_ratio);
 
     /* If we don't have enough slots and we have pages on the tomb heap, move
      * pages from the tomb heap to the eden heap. This may prevent page
@@ -5845,14 +5949,17 @@ gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool)
     if (swept_slots < min_free_slots) {
         bool grow_heap = is_full_marking(objspace);
 
-        if (!is_full_marking(objspace)) {
-            /* The heap is a growth heap if it freed more slots than had empty
-             * slots and used up all of its allocatable pages. */
-            bool is_growth_heap = (size_pool->empty_slots == 0 ||
-                                       size_pool->freed_slots > size_pool->empty_slots) &&
-                                   size_pool->allocatable_pages == 0;
-
-            if (objspace->profile.count - objspace->rgengc.last_major_gc < RVALUE_OLD_AGE) {
+        /* Consider growing or starting a major GC if we are not currently in a
+         * major GC and we can't allocate any more pages. */
+        if (!is_full_marking(objspace) && size_pool->allocatable_pages == 0) {
+            /* The heap is a growth heap if it freed more slots than had empty slots. */
+            bool is_growth_heap = size_pool->empty_slots == 0 || size_pool->freed_slots > size_pool->empty_slots;
+
+            /* Grow this heap if we haven't run at least RVALUE_OLD_AGE minor
+             * GC since the last major GC or if this heap is smaller than the
+             * the configured initial size. */
+            if (objspace->profile.count - objspace->rgengc.last_major_gc < RVALUE_OLD_AGE ||
+                    total_slots < init_slots) {
                 grow_heap = TRUE;
             }
             else if (is_growth_heap) { /* Only growth heaps are allowed to start a major GC. */
@@ -5870,7 +5977,6 @@ gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool)
         }
     }
 }
-#endif
 
 static void
 gc_sweep_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
@@ -5889,11 +5995,9 @@ gc_sweep_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
             size_pool->allocatable_pages = tomb_pages;
         }
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
         size_pool->freed_slots = 0;
         size_pool->empty_slots = 0;
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
         if (!will_be_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
             rb_heap_t *eden_heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
             struct heap_page *end_page = eden_heap->free_pages;
@@ -5907,13 +6011,15 @@ gc_sweep_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
             eden_heap->pooled_pages = NULL;
             objspace->rincgc.pooled_slots = 0;
         }
-#endif
-#endif
     }
     heap_pages_expand_sorted(objspace);
 
     gc_event_hook(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_END_SWEEP, 0);
     gc_mode_transition(objspace, gc_mode_none);
+
+#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 2
+    gc_verify_internal_consistency(objspace);
+#endif
 }
 
 static int
@@ -5921,19 +6027,8 @@ gc_sweep_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *hea
 {
     struct heap_page *sweep_page = heap->sweeping_page;
     int unlink_limit = GC_SWEEP_PAGES_FREEABLE_PER_STEP;
-
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     int swept_slots = 0;
-#if USE_RVARGC
-    bool need_pool = TRUE;
-#else
-    int need_pool = will_be_incremental_marking(objspace) ? TRUE : FALSE;
-#endif
-
-    gc_report(2, objspace, "gc_sweep_step (need_pool: %d)\n", need_pool);
-#else
-    gc_report(2, objspace, "gc_sweep_step\n");
-#endif
+    int pooled_slots = 0;
 
     if (sweep_page == NULL) return FALSE;
 
@@ -5965,15 +6060,12 @@ gc_sweep_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *hea
             heap_add_page(objspace, size_pool, SIZE_POOL_TOMB_HEAP(size_pool), sweep_page);
         }
         else if (free_slots > 0) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
             size_pool->freed_slots += ctx.freed_slots;
             size_pool->empty_slots += ctx.empty_slots;
-#endif
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
-            if (need_pool) {
+            if (pooled_slots < GC_INCREMENTAL_SWEEP_POOL_SLOT_COUNT) {
                 heap_add_poolpage(objspace, heap, sweep_page);
-                need_pool = FALSE;
+                pooled_slots += free_slots;
             }
             else {
                 heap_add_freepage(heap, sweep_page);
@@ -5982,10 +6074,6 @@ gc_sweep_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *hea
                     break;
                 }
             }
-#else
-            heap_add_freepage(heap, sweep_page);
-            break;
-#endif
         }
         else {
             sweep_page->free_next = NULL;
@@ -5993,9 +6081,7 @@ gc_sweep_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *hea
     } while ((sweep_page = heap->sweeping_page));
 
     if (!heap->sweeping_page) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
         gc_sweep_finish_size_pool(objspace, size_pool);
-#endif
 
         if (!has_sweeping_pages(objspace)) {
             gc_sweep_finish(objspace);
@@ -6027,13 +6113,11 @@ gc_sweep_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *sweep_size_pool, rb_h
     GC_ASSERT(dont_gc_val() == FALSE);
     if (!GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP) return;
 
-    unsigned int lock_lev;
-    gc_enter(objspace, gc_enter_event_sweep_continue, &lock_lev);
+    gc_sweeping_enter(objspace);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
         rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
         if (!gc_sweep_step(objspace, size_pool, SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool))) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
             /* sweep_size_pool requires a free slot but sweeping did not yield any. */
             if (size_pool == sweep_size_pool) {
                 if (size_pool->allocatable_pages > 0) {
@@ -6045,13 +6129,13 @@ gc_sweep_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *sweep_size_pool, rb_h
                     break;
                 }
             }
-#endif
         }
     }
 
-    gc_exit(objspace, gc_enter_event_sweep_continue, &lock_lev);
+    gc_sweeping_exit(objspace);
 }
 
+#if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
 static void
 invalidate_moved_plane(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, uintptr_t p, bits_t bitset)
 {
@@ -6069,9 +6153,19 @@ invalidate_moved_plane(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, uintptr_
 
                     object = rb_gc_location(forwarding_object);
 
+                    shape_id_t original_shape_id = 0;
+                    if (RB_TYPE_P(object, T_OBJECT)) {
+                        original_shape_id = RMOVED(forwarding_object)->original_shape_id;
+                    }
+
                     gc_move(objspace, object, forwarding_object, GET_HEAP_PAGE(object)->slot_size, page->slot_size);
                     /* forwarding_object is now our actual object, and "object"
                      * is the free slot for the original page */
+
+                    if (original_shape_id) {
+                        ROBJECT_SET_SHAPE_ID(forwarding_object, original_shape_id);
+                    }
+
                     struct heap_page *orig_page = GET_HEAP_PAGE(object);
                     orig_page->free_slots++;
                     heap_page_add_freeobj(objspace, orig_page, object);
@@ -6114,6 +6208,7 @@ invalidate_moved_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page)
         p += BITS_BITLENGTH * BASE_SLOT_SIZE;
     }
 }
+#endif
 
 static void
 gc_compact_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
@@ -6150,6 +6245,8 @@ static void gc_sweep_compact(rb_objspace_t *objspace);
 static void
 gc_sweep(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
+    gc_sweeping_enter(objspace);
+
     const unsigned int immediate_sweep = objspace->flags.immediate_sweep;
 
     gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_sweep: immediate: %d\n", immediate_sweep);
@@ -6177,10 +6274,7 @@ gc_sweep(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         }
     }
 
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[0];
-    gc_heap_prepare_minimum_pages(objspace, size_pool, SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool));
-#endif
+    gc_sweeping_exit(objspace);
 }
 
 /* Marking - Marking stack */
@@ -6442,7 +6536,7 @@ stack_check(rb_execution_context_t *ec, int water_mark)
 
 #define STACKFRAME_FOR_CALL_CFUNC 2048
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED int
+int
 rb_ec_stack_check(rb_execution_context_t *ec)
 {
     return stack_check(ec, STACKFRAME_FOR_CALL_CFUNC);
@@ -6482,16 +6576,6 @@ rb_gc_mark_locations(const VALUE *start, const VALUE *end)
     gc_mark_locations(&rb_objspace, start, end, gc_mark_maybe);
 }
 
-static void
-gc_mark_values(rb_objspace_t *objspace, long n, const VALUE *values)
-{
-    long i;
-
-    for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
-        gc_mark(objspace, values[i]);
-    }
-}
-
 void
 rb_gc_mark_values(long n, const VALUE *values)
 {
@@ -6499,7 +6583,7 @@ rb_gc_mark_values(long n, const VALUE *values)
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
 
     for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
-        gc_mark_and_pin(objspace, values[i]);
+        gc_mark(objspace, values[i]);
     }
 }
 
@@ -6509,7 +6593,7 @@ gc_mark_stack_values(rb_objspace_t *objspace, long n, const VALUE *values)
     long i;
 
     for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
-        if (is_markable_object(objspace, values[i])) {
+        if (is_markable_object(values[i])) {
             gc_mark_and_pin(objspace, values[i]);
         }
     }
@@ -6628,14 +6712,6 @@ mark_hash(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE hash)
         rb_hash_stlike_foreach(hash, mark_keyvalue, (st_data_t)objspace);
     }
 
-    if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
-        if (LIKELY(during_gc) && RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash)) {
-            rb_transient_heap_mark(hash, RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash));
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        VM_ASSERT(!RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash));
-    }
     gc_mark(objspace, RHASH(hash)->ifnone);
 }
 
@@ -6685,7 +6761,6 @@ mark_method_entry(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const rb_method_entry_t *me)
             return;
           case VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED:
             gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE)def->body.refined.orig_me);
-            gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE)def->body.refined.owner);
             break;
           case VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC:
           case VM_METHOD_TYPE_ZSUPER:
@@ -6774,8 +6849,10 @@ mark_current_machine_context(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_execution_context_t *ec
 static void
 mark_current_machine_context(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_execution_context_t *ec)
 {
-    rb_wasm_scan_stack(rb_mark_locations);
-    each_stack_location(objspace, ec, rb_stack_range_tmp[0], rb_stack_range_tmp[1], gc_mark_maybe);
+    VALUE *stack_start, *stack_end;
+    SET_STACK_END;
+    GET_STACK_BOUNDS(stack_start, stack_end, 1);
+    each_stack_location(objspace, ec, stack_start, stack_end, gc_mark_maybe);
 
     rb_wasm_scan_locals(rb_mark_locations);
     each_stack_location(objspace, ec, rb_stack_range_tmp[0], rb_stack_range_tmp[1], gc_mark_maybe);
@@ -6818,6 +6895,7 @@ each_machine_stack_value(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, void (*cb)(rb_objspac
     VALUE *stack_start, *stack_end;
 
     GET_STACK_BOUNDS(stack_start, stack_end, 0);
+    RUBY_DEBUG_LOG("ec->th:%u stack_start:%p stack_end:%p", rb_ec_thread_ptr(ec)->serial, stack_start, stack_end);
     each_stack_location(objspace, ec, stack_start, stack_end, cb);
 }
 
@@ -6900,7 +6978,7 @@ gc_remember_unprotected(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     bits_t *uncollectible_bits = &page->uncollectible_bits[0];
 
     if (!MARKED_IN_BITMAP(uncollectible_bits, obj)) {
-        page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects = TRUE;
+        page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects = TRUE;
         MARK_IN_BITMAP(uncollectible_bits, obj);
         objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects++;
 
@@ -6923,31 +7001,8 @@ rgengc_check_relation(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     const VALUE old_parent = objspace->rgengc.parent_object;
 
     if (old_parent) { /* parent object is old */
-        if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj)) {
-            if (gc_remember_unprotected(objspace, obj)) {
-                gc_report(2, objspace, "relation: (O->S) %s -> %s\n", obj_info(old_parent), obj_info(obj));
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            if (!RVALUE_OLD_P(obj)) {
-                if (RVALUE_MARKED(obj)) {
-                    /* An object pointed from an OLD object should be OLD. */
-                    gc_report(2, objspace, "relation: (O->unmarked Y) %s -> %s\n", obj_info(old_parent), obj_info(obj));
-                    RVALUE_AGE_SET_OLD(objspace, obj);
-                    if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
-                        if (!RVALUE_MARKING(obj)) {
-                            gc_grey(objspace, obj);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        rgengc_remember(objspace, obj);
-                    }
-                }
-                else {
-                    gc_report(2, objspace, "relation: (O->Y) %s -> %s\n", obj_info(old_parent), obj_info(obj));
-                    RVALUE_AGE_SET_CANDIDATE(objspace, obj);
-                }
-            }
+        if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj) || !RVALUE_OLD_P(obj)) {
+            rgengc_remember(objspace, old_parent);
         }
     }
 
@@ -6962,11 +7017,9 @@ gc_grey(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     if (RVALUE_MARKING(obj) == TRUE) rb_bug("gc_grey: %s is marking/remembered.", obj_info(obj));
 #endif
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
         MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARKING_BITS(obj), obj);
     }
-#endif
 
     push_mark_stack(&objspace->mark_stack, obj);
 }
@@ -7030,10 +7083,14 @@ gc_mark_ptr(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 static inline void
 gc_pin(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
-    GC_ASSERT(is_markable_object(objspace, obj));
+    GC_ASSERT(is_markable_object(obj));
     if (UNLIKELY(objspace->flags.during_compacting)) {
         if (LIKELY(during_gc)) {
-            MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PINNED_BITS(obj), obj);
+            if (!MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PINNED_BITS(obj), obj)) {
+                GC_ASSERT(GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->pinned_slots <= GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->total_slots);
+                GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->pinned_slots++;
+                MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PINNED_BITS(obj), obj);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -7041,7 +7098,7 @@ gc_pin(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 static inline void
 gc_mark_and_pin(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
-    if (!is_markable_object(objspace, obj)) return;
+    if (!is_markable_object(obj)) return;
     gc_pin(objspace, obj);
     gc_mark_ptr(objspace, obj);
 }
@@ -7049,7 +7106,7 @@ gc_mark_and_pin(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 static inline void
 gc_mark(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
-    if (!is_markable_object(objspace, obj)) return;
+    if (!is_markable_object(obj)) return;
     gc_mark_ptr(objspace, obj);
 }
 
@@ -7065,6 +7122,78 @@ rb_gc_mark(VALUE ptr)
     gc_mark_and_pin(&rb_objspace, ptr);
 }
 
+void
+rb_gc_mark_and_move(VALUE *ptr)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(*ptr)) return;
+
+    if (UNLIKELY(objspace->flags.during_reference_updating)) {
+        GC_ASSERT(objspace->flags.during_compacting);
+        GC_ASSERT(during_gc);
+
+        *ptr = rb_gc_location(*ptr);
+    }
+    else {
+        gc_mark_ptr(objspace, *ptr);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rb_gc_mark_weak(VALUE *ptr)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+
+    if (UNLIKELY(!during_gc)) return;
+
+    VALUE obj = *ptr;
+    if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) return;
+
+    GC_ASSERT(objspace->rgengc.parent_object == 0 || FL_TEST(objspace->rgengc.parent_object, FL_WB_PROTECTED));
+
+    if (UNLIKELY(RB_TYPE_P(obj, T_NONE))) {
+        rp(obj);
+        rb_bug("try to mark T_NONE object");
+    }
+
+    /* If we are in a minor GC and the other object is old, then obj should
+     * already be marked and cannot be reclaimed in this GC cycle so we don't
+     * need to add it to the weak refences list. */
+    if (!is_full_marking(objspace) && RVALUE_OLD_P(obj)) {
+        GC_ASSERT(RVALUE_MARKED(obj));
+        GC_ASSERT(!objspace->flags.during_compacting);
+
+        return;
+    }
+
+    rgengc_check_relation(objspace, obj);
+
+    rb_darray_append_without_gc(&objspace->weak_references, ptr);
+
+    objspace->profile.weak_references_count++;
+}
+
+void
+rb_gc_remove_weak(VALUE parent_obj, VALUE *ptr)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+
+    /* If we're not incremental marking, then the state of the objects can't
+     * change so we don't need to do anything. */
+    if (!is_incremental_marking(objspace)) return;
+    /* If parent_obj has not been marked, then ptr has not yet been marked
+     * weak, so we don't need to do anything. */
+    if (!RVALUE_MARKED(parent_obj)) return;
+
+    VALUE **ptr_ptr;
+    rb_darray_foreach(objspace->weak_references, i, ptr_ptr) {
+        if (*ptr_ptr == ptr) {
+            *ptr_ptr = NULL;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /* CAUTION: THIS FUNCTION ENABLE *ONLY BEFORE* SWEEPING.
  * This function is only for GC_END_MARK timing.
  */
@@ -7098,7 +7227,7 @@ gc_mark_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
                 // just after newobj() can be NULL here.
                 GC_ASSERT(env->ep[VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_ENV] == obj);
                 GC_ASSERT(VM_ENV_ESCAPED_P(env->ep));
-                gc_mark_values(objspace, (long)env->env_size, env->env);
+                rb_gc_mark_values((long)env->env_size, env->env);
                 VM_ENV_FLAGS_SET(env->ep, VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED);
                 gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE)rb_vm_env_prev_env(env));
                 gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE)env->iseq);
@@ -7131,7 +7260,7 @@ gc_mark_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         mark_method_entry(objspace, &RANY(obj)->as.imemo.ment);
         return;
       case imemo_iseq:
-        rb_iseq_mark((rb_iseq_t *)obj);
+        rb_iseq_mark_and_move((rb_iseq_t *)obj, false);
         return;
       case imemo_tmpbuf:
         {
@@ -7145,15 +7274,34 @@ gc_mark_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         rb_ast_mark(&RANY(obj)->as.imemo.ast);
         return;
       case imemo_parser_strterm:
-        rb_strterm_mark(obj);
         return;
       case imemo_callinfo:
         return;
       case imemo_callcache:
+        /* cc is callcache.
+         *
+         * cc->klass (klass) should not be marked because if the klass is
+         * free'ed, the cc->klass will be cleared by `vm_cc_invalidate()`.
+         *
+         * cc->cme (cme) should not be marked because if cc is invalidated
+         * when cme is free'ed.
+         * - klass marks cme if klass uses cme.
+         * - caller classe's ccs->cme marks cc->cme.
+         * - if cc is invalidated (klass doesn't refer the cc),
+         *   cc is invalidated by `vm_cc_invalidate()` and cc->cme is
+         *   not be accessed.
+         * - On the multi-Ractors, cme will be collected with global GC
+         *   so that it is safe if GC is not interleaving while accessing
+         *   cc and cme.
+         * - However, cc_type_super and cc_type_refinement are not chained
+         *   from ccs so cc->cme should be marked; the cme might be
+         *   reachable only through cc in these cases.
+         */
         {
             const struct rb_callcache *cc = (const struct rb_callcache *)obj;
-            // should not mark klass here
-            gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE)vm_cc_cme(cc));
+            if (vm_cc_super_p(cc) || vm_cc_refinement_p(cc)) {
+                gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE)cc->cme_);
+            }
         }
         return;
       case imemo_constcache:
@@ -7169,6 +7317,14 @@ gc_mark_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     }
 }
 
+static bool
+gc_declarative_marking_p(const rb_data_type_t *type)
+{
+    return (type->flags & RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING) != 0;
+}
+
+static void mark_cvc_tbl(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE klass);
+
 static void
 gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -7208,16 +7364,29 @@ gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 
     switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
       case T_CLASS:
+        if (FL_TEST(obj, FL_SINGLETON)) {
+            gc_mark(objspace, RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(obj));
+        }
+        // Continue to the shared T_CLASS/T_MODULE
       case T_MODULE:
         if (RCLASS_SUPER(obj)) {
             gc_mark(objspace, RCLASS_SUPER(obj));
         }
-        if (!RCLASS_EXT(obj)) break;
 
         mark_m_tbl(objspace, RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
+        mark_cvc_tbl(objspace, obj);
         cc_table_mark(objspace, obj);
-        mark_tbl_no_pin(objspace, RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj));
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+            mark_tbl_no_pin(objspace, (st_table *)RCLASS_IVPTR(obj));
+        }
+        else {
+            for (attr_index_t i = 0; i < RCLASS_IV_COUNT(obj); i++) {
+                gc_mark(objspace, RCLASS_IVPTR(obj)[i]);
+            }
+        }
         mark_const_tbl(objspace, RCLASS_CONST_TBL(obj));
+
+        gc_mark(objspace, RCLASS_EXT(obj)->classpath);
         break;
 
       case T_ICLASS:
@@ -7227,7 +7396,6 @@ gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         if (RCLASS_SUPER(obj)) {
             gc_mark(objspace, RCLASS_SUPER(obj));
         }
-        if (!RCLASS_EXT(obj)) break;
 
         if (RCLASS_INCLUDER(obj)) {
             gc_mark(objspace, RCLASS_INCLUDER(obj));
@@ -7243,16 +7411,10 @@ gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         }
         else {
             long i, len = RARRAY_LEN(obj);
-            const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(obj);
+            const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(obj);
             for (i=0; i < len; i++) {
                 gc_mark(objspace, ptr[i]);
             }
-
-            if (LIKELY(during_gc)) {
-                if (!ARY_EMBED_P(obj) && RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(obj)) {
-                    rb_transient_heap_mark(obj, ptr);
-                }
-            }
         }
         break;
 
@@ -7262,34 +7424,63 @@ gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 
       case T_STRING:
         if (STR_SHARED_P(obj)) {
-            gc_mark(objspace, any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared);
+            if (STR_EMBED_P(any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared)) {
+                /* Embedded shared strings cannot be moved because this string
+                 * points into the slot of the shared string. There may be code
+                 * using the RSTRING_PTR on the stack, which would pin this
+                 * string but not pin the shared string, causing it to move. */
+                gc_mark_and_pin(objspace, any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared);
+            }
+            else {
+                gc_mark(objspace, any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared);
+            }
         }
         break;
 
       case T_DATA:
         {
-            void *const ptr = DATA_PTR(obj);
+            void *const ptr = RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) ? RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(obj) : DATA_PTR(obj);
+
             if (ptr) {
-                RUBY_DATA_FUNC mark_func = RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) ?
-                    any->as.typeddata.type->function.dmark :
-                    any->as.data.dmark;
-                if (mark_func) (*mark_func)(ptr);
+                if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) && gc_declarative_marking_p(any->as.typeddata.type)) {
+                    size_t *offset_list = (size_t *)RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->function.dmark;
+
+                    for (size_t offset = *offset_list; offset != RUBY_REF_END; offset = *offset_list++) {
+                        rb_gc_mark_movable(*(VALUE *)((char *)ptr + offset));
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    RUBY_DATA_FUNC mark_func = RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) ?
+                        any->as.typeddata.type->function.dmark :
+                        any->as.data.dmark;
+                    if (mark_func) (*mark_func)(ptr);
+                }
             }
         }
         break;
 
       case T_OBJECT:
         {
-            const VALUE * const ptr = ROBJECT_IVPTR(obj);
+            rb_shape_t *shape = rb_shape_get_shape_by_id(ROBJECT_SHAPE_ID(obj));
+            if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+                mark_tbl_no_pin(objspace, ROBJECT_IV_HASH(obj));
+            }
+            else {
+                const VALUE * const ptr = ROBJECT_IVPTR(obj);
 
-            uint32_t i, len = ROBJECT_NUMIV(obj);
-            for (i  = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                gc_mark(objspace, ptr[i]);
+                uint32_t i, len = ROBJECT_IV_COUNT(obj);
+                for (i  = 0; i < len; i++) {
+                    gc_mark(objspace, ptr[i]);
+                }
             }
+            if (shape) {
+                VALUE klass = RBASIC_CLASS(obj);
 
-            if (LIKELY(during_gc) &&
-                    ROBJ_TRANSIENT_P(obj)) {
-                rb_transient_heap_mark(obj, ptr);
+                // Increment max_iv_count if applicable, used to determine size pool allocation
+                attr_index_t num_of_ivs = shape->next_iv_index;
+                if (RCLASS_EXT(klass)->max_iv_count < num_of_ivs) {
+                    RCLASS_EXT(klass)->max_iv_count = num_of_ivs;
+                }
             }
         }
         break;
@@ -7303,6 +7494,7 @@ gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
             gc_mark(objspace, any->as.file.fptr->writeconv_pre_ecopts);
             gc_mark(objspace, any->as.file.fptr->encs.ecopts);
             gc_mark(objspace, any->as.file.fptr->write_lock);
+            gc_mark(objspace, any->as.file.fptr->timeout);
         }
         break;
 
@@ -7336,11 +7528,6 @@ gc_mark_children(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
             for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
                 gc_mark(objspace, ptr[i]);
             }
-
-            if (LIKELY(during_gc) &&
-                RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_P(obj)) {
-                rb_transient_heap_mark(obj, ptr);
-            }
         }
         break;
 
@@ -7366,20 +7553,17 @@ gc_mark_stacked_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int incremental, size_t count)
 {
     mark_stack_t *mstack = &objspace->mark_stack;
     VALUE obj;
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     size_t marked_slots_at_the_beginning = objspace->marked_slots;
     size_t popped_count = 0;
-#endif
 
     while (pop_mark_stack(mstack, &obj)) {
-        if (obj == Qundef) continue; /* skip */
+        if (UNDEF_P(obj)) continue; /* skip */
 
         if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE && !RVALUE_MARKED(obj)) {
             rb_bug("gc_mark_stacked_objects: %s is not marked.", obj_info(obj));
         }
         gc_mark_children(objspace, obj);
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
         if (incremental) {
             if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE && !RVALUE_MARKING(obj)) {
                 rb_bug("gc_mark_stacked_objects: incremental, but marking bit is 0");
@@ -7394,7 +7578,6 @@ gc_mark_stacked_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int incremental, size_t count)
         else {
             /* just ignore marking bits */
         }
-#endif
     }
 
     if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 3) gc_verify_internal_consistency(objspace);
@@ -7820,7 +8003,7 @@ check_children_i(const VALUE child, void *ptr)
     if (check_rvalue_consistency_force(child, FALSE) != 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "check_children_i: %s has error (referenced from %s)",
                 obj_info(child), obj_info(data->parent));
-        rb_print_backtrace(); /* C backtrace will help to debug */
+        rb_print_backtrace(stderr); /* C backtrace will help to debug */
 
         data->err_count++;
     }
@@ -7928,7 +8111,7 @@ gc_verify_heap_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, VALUE obj)
                (void *)page, remembered_old_objects, obj ? obj_info(obj) : "");
     }
 
-    if (page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects == FALSE && has_remembered_shady == TRUE) {
+    if (page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects == FALSE && has_remembered_shady == TRUE) {
         rb_bug("page %p's has_remembered_shady should be false, but there are remembered shady objects. %s",
                (void *)page, obj ? obj_info(obj) : "");
     }
@@ -7936,11 +8119,11 @@ gc_verify_heap_page(rb_objspace_t *objspace, struct heap_page *page, VALUE obj)
     if (0) {
         /* free_slots may not equal to free_objects */
         if (page->free_slots != free_objects) {
-            rb_bug("page %p's free_slots should be %d, but %d\n", (void *)page, page->free_slots, free_objects);
+            rb_bug("page %p's free_slots should be %d, but %d", (void *)page, page->free_slots, free_objects);
         }
     }
     if (page->final_slots != zombie_objects) {
-        rb_bug("page %p's final_slots should be %d, but %d\n", (void *)page, page->final_slots, zombie_objects);
+        rb_bug("page %p's final_slots should be %d, but %d", (void *)page, page->final_slots, zombie_objects);
     }
 
     return remembered_old_objects;
@@ -8040,9 +8223,8 @@ gc_verify_internal_consistency_(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         !finalizing &&
         ruby_single_main_ractor != NULL) {
         if (objspace_live_slots(objspace) != data.live_object_count) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "heap_pages_final_slots: %"PRIdSIZE", "
-                    "objspace->profile.total_freed_objects: %"PRIdSIZE"\n",
-                    heap_pages_final_slots, objspace->profile.total_freed_objects);
+            fprintf(stderr, "heap_pages_final_slots: %"PRIdSIZE", total_freed_objects: %"PRIdSIZE"\n",
+                    heap_pages_final_slots, total_freed_objects(objspace));
             rb_bug("inconsistent live slot number: expect %"PRIuSIZE", but %"PRIuSIZE".",
                    objspace_live_slots(objspace), data.live_object_count);
         }
@@ -8109,14 +8291,6 @@ rb_gc_verify_internal_consistency(void)
     gc_verify_internal_consistency(&rb_objspace);
 }
 
-static VALUE
-gc_verify_transient_heap_internal_consistency(VALUE dmy)
-{
-    rb_transient_heap_verify();
-    return Qnil;
-}
-
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 static void
 heap_move_pooled_pages_to_free_pages(rb_heap_t *heap)
 {
@@ -8135,7 +8309,6 @@ heap_move_pooled_pages_to_free_pages(rb_heap_t *heap)
         heap->pooled_pages = NULL;
     }
 }
-#endif
 
 /* marks */
 
@@ -8147,7 +8320,6 @@ gc_marks_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark)
     gc_mode_transition(objspace, gc_mode_marking);
 
     if (full_mark) {
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
         size_t incremental_marking_steps = (objspace->rincgc.pooled_slots / INCREMENTAL_MARK_STEP_ALLOCATIONS) + 1;
         objspace->rincgc.step_slots = (objspace->marked_slots * 2) / incremental_marking_steps;
 
@@ -8155,7 +8327,6 @@ gc_marks_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark)
                        "objspace->rincgc.pooled_page_num: %"PRIdSIZE", "
                        "objspace->rincgc.step_slots: %"PRIdSIZE", \n",
                        objspace->marked_slots, objspace->rincgc.pooled_slots, objspace->rincgc.step_slots);
-#endif
         objspace->flags.during_minor_gc = FALSE;
         if (ruby_enable_autocompact) {
             objspace->flags.during_compacting |= TRUE;
@@ -8171,6 +8342,14 @@ gc_marks_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark)
             rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
             rgengc_mark_and_rememberset_clear(objspace, heap);
             heap_move_pooled_pages_to_free_pages(heap);
+
+            if (objspace->flags.during_compacting) {
+                struct heap_page *page = NULL;
+
+                ccan_list_for_each(&heap->pages, page, page_node) {
+                    page->pinned_slots = 0;
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
     else {
@@ -8190,7 +8369,6 @@ gc_marks_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark)
               full_mark ? "full" : "minor", mark_stack_size(&objspace->mark_stack));
 }
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 static inline void
 gc_marks_wb_unprotected_objects_plane(rb_objspace_t *objspace, uintptr_t p, bits_t bits)
 {
@@ -8234,12 +8412,36 @@ gc_marks_wb_unprotected_objects(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap)
 
     gc_mark_stacked_objects_all(objspace);
 }
-#endif
+
+static void
+gc_update_weak_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    size_t retained_weak_references_count = 0;
+    VALUE **ptr_ptr;
+    rb_darray_foreach(objspace->weak_references, i, ptr_ptr) {
+        if (!*ptr_ptr) continue;
+
+        VALUE obj = **ptr_ptr;
+
+        if (RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) continue;
+
+        if (!RVALUE_MARKED(obj)) {
+            **ptr_ptr = Qundef;
+        }
+        else {
+            retained_weak_references_count++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    objspace->profile.retained_weak_references_count = retained_weak_references_count;
+
+    rb_darray_clear(objspace->weak_references);
+    rb_darray_resize_capa_without_gc(&objspace->weak_references, retained_weak_references_count);
+}
 
 static void
 gc_marks_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     /* finish incremental GC */
     if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
         if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE && is_mark_stack_empty(&objspace->mark_stack) == 0) {
@@ -8262,19 +8464,13 @@ gc_marks_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
             gc_marks_wb_unprotected_objects(objspace, SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(&size_pools[i]));
         }
     }
-#endif /* GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK */
+
+    gc_update_weak_references(objspace);
 
 #if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 2
     gc_verify_internal_consistency(objspace);
 #endif
 
-    if (is_full_marking(objspace)) {
-        /* See the comment about RUBY_GC_HEAP_OLDOBJECT_LIMIT_FACTOR */
-        const double r = gc_params.oldobject_limit_factor;
-        objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects_limit = (size_t)(objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects * r);
-        objspace->rgengc.old_objects_limit = (size_t)(objspace->rgengc.old_objects * r);
-    }
-
 #if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 4
     during_gc = FALSE;
     gc_marks_check(objspace, gc_check_after_marks_i, "after_marks");
@@ -8293,9 +8489,14 @@ gc_marks_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 
         GC_ASSERT(heap_eden_total_slots(objspace) >= objspace->marked_slots);
 
-        /* setup free-able page counts */
-        if (max_free_slots < gc_params.heap_init_slots * r_mul) {
-            max_free_slots = gc_params.heap_init_slots * r_mul;
+        /* Setup freeable slots. */
+        size_t total_init_slots = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+            total_init_slots += gc_params.size_pool_init_slots[i] * r_mul;
+        }
+
+        if (max_free_slots < total_init_slots) {
+            max_free_slots = total_init_slots;
         }
 
         if (sweep_slots > max_free_slots) {
@@ -8322,23 +8523,15 @@ gc_marks_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
                     objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc |= GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_NOFREE;
                 }
             }
-
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-            if (full_marking) {
-              /* increment: */
-                gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_marks_finish: heap_set_increment!!\n");
-                rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[0];
-                size_pool_allocatable_pages_set(objspace, size_pool, heap_extend_pages(objspace, size_pool, sweep_slots, total_slots, heap_allocated_pages + heap_allocatable_pages(objspace)));
-
-                heap_increment(objspace, size_pool, SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool));
-            }
-#endif
         }
 
         if (full_marking) {
             /* See the comment about RUBY_GC_HEAP_OLDOBJECT_LIMIT_FACTOR */
             const double r = gc_params.oldobject_limit_factor;
-            objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects_limit = (size_t)(objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects * r);
+            objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects_limit = MAX(
+                (size_t)(objspace->rgengc.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects * r),
+                (size_t)(objspace->rgengc.old_objects * gc_params.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects_limit_ratio)
+            );
             objspace->rgengc.old_objects_limit = (size_t)(objspace->rgengc.old_objects * r);
         }
 
@@ -8359,26 +8552,11 @@ gc_marks_finish(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
                   objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc ? "major" : "minor");
     }
 
-    rb_transient_heap_finish_marking();
     rb_ractor_finish_marking();
 
     gc_event_hook(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_END_MARK, 0);
 }
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
-static void
-gc_marks_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, size_t slots)
-{
-    GC_ASSERT(is_marking(objspace));
-
-    if (gc_mark_stacked_objects_incremental(objspace, slots)) {
-        gc_marks_finish(objspace);
-        gc_sweep(objspace);
-    }
-    if (0) fprintf(stderr, "objspace->marked_slots: %"PRIdSIZE"\n", objspace->marked_slots);
-}
-#endif
-
 static bool
 gc_compact_heap_cursors_met_p(rb_heap_t *heap)
 {
@@ -8389,42 +8567,68 @@ static rb_size_pool_t *
 gc_compact_destination_pool(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *src_pool, VALUE src)
 {
     size_t obj_size;
+    size_t idx = 0;
 
     switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(src)) {
-        case T_ARRAY:
-            obj_size = rb_ary_size_as_embedded(src);
-            break;
+      case T_ARRAY:
+        obj_size = rb_ary_size_as_embedded(src);
+        break;
 
-        case T_OBJECT:
-            obj_size = rb_obj_embedded_size(ROBJECT_NUMIV(src));
-            break;
+      case T_OBJECT:
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(src)) {
+            return &size_pools[0];
+        }
+        else {
+            obj_size = rb_obj_embedded_size(ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY(src));
+        }
+        break;
 
-        case T_STRING:
-            obj_size = rb_str_size_as_embedded(src);
-            break;
+      case T_STRING:
+        obj_size = rb_str_size_as_embedded(src);
+        break;
+
+      case T_HASH:
+        obj_size = sizeof(struct RHash) + (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(src) ? sizeof(st_table) : sizeof(ar_table));
+        break;
 
-        default:
-            return src_pool;
+      default:
+        return src_pool;
     }
 
     if (rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(obj_size)){
-        return &size_pools[size_pool_idx_for_size(obj_size)];
-    }
-    else {
-        return &size_pools[0];
+        idx = size_pool_idx_for_size(obj_size);
     }
+    return &size_pools[idx];
 }
 
 static bool
 gc_compact_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, VALUE src)
 {
     GC_ASSERT(BUILTIN_TYPE(src) != T_MOVED);
-    rb_heap_t *dheap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(gc_compact_destination_pool(objspace, size_pool, src));
+    GC_ASSERT(gc_is_moveable_obj(objspace, src));
+
+    rb_size_pool_t *dest_pool = gc_compact_destination_pool(objspace, size_pool, src);
+    rb_heap_t *dheap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(dest_pool);
+    rb_shape_t *new_shape = NULL;
+    rb_shape_t *orig_shape = NULL;
 
     if (gc_compact_heap_cursors_met_p(dheap)) {
         return dheap != heap;
     }
 
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(src, T_OBJECT)) {
+        orig_shape = rb_shape_get_shape(src);
+        if (dheap != heap && !rb_shape_obj_too_complex(src)) {
+            rb_shape_t *initial_shape = rb_shape_get_shape_by_id((shape_id_t)((dest_pool - size_pools) + SIZE_POOL_COUNT));
+            new_shape = rb_shape_traverse_from_new_root(initial_shape, orig_shape);
+
+            if (!new_shape) {
+                dest_pool = size_pool;
+                dheap = heap;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     while (!try_move(objspace, dheap, dheap->free_pages, src)) {
         struct gc_sweep_context ctx = {
             .page = dheap->sweeping_page,
@@ -8442,13 +8646,22 @@ gc_compact_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap, rb_size_pool_t *size_p
 
         if (dheap->sweeping_page->free_slots > 0) {
             heap_add_freepage(dheap, dheap->sweeping_page);
-        };
+        }
 
         dheap->sweeping_page = ccan_list_next(&dheap->pages, dheap->sweeping_page, page_node);
         if (gc_compact_heap_cursors_met_p(dheap)) {
-            return false;
+            return dheap != heap;
         }
     }
+
+    if (orig_shape) {
+        if (new_shape) {
+            VALUE dest = rb_gc_location(src);
+            rb_shape_set_shape(dest, new_shape);
+        }
+        RMOVED(src)->original_shape_id = rb_shape_id(orig_shape);
+    }
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -8466,9 +8679,11 @@ gc_compact_plane(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *
         if (bitset & 1) {
             objspace->rcompactor.considered_count_table[BUILTIN_TYPE(vp)]++;
 
-            if (!gc_compact_move(objspace, heap, size_pool, vp)) {
-                //the cursors met. bubble up
-                return false;
+            if (gc_is_moveable_obj(objspace, vp)) {
+                if (!gc_compact_move(objspace, heap, size_pool, vp)) {
+                    //the cursors met. bubble up
+                    return false;
+                }
             }
         }
         p += slot_size;
@@ -8572,11 +8787,9 @@ gc_marks_rest(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
     gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_marks_rest\n");
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
         SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(&size_pools[i])->pooled_pages = NULL;
     }
-#endif
 
     if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
         while (gc_mark_stacked_objects_incremental(objspace, INT_MAX) == FALSE);
@@ -8586,44 +8799,62 @@ gc_marks_rest(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
     }
 
     gc_marks_finish(objspace);
+}
+
+static bool
+gc_marks_step(rb_objspace_t *objspace, size_t slots)
+{
+    bool marking_finished = false;
 
-    /* move to sweep */
-    gc_sweep(objspace);
+    GC_ASSERT(is_marking(objspace));
+    if (gc_mark_stacked_objects_incremental(objspace, slots)) {
+        gc_marks_finish(objspace);
+
+        marking_finished = true;
+    }
+
+    return marking_finished;
 }
 
-static void
+static bool
 gc_marks_continue(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_size_pool_t *size_pool, rb_heap_t *heap)
 {
     GC_ASSERT(dont_gc_val() == FALSE);
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
+    bool marking_finished = true;
 
-    unsigned int lock_lev;
-    gc_enter(objspace, gc_enter_event_mark_continue, &lock_lev);
+    gc_marking_enter(objspace);
 
     if (heap->free_pages) {
         gc_report(2, objspace, "gc_marks_continue: has pooled pages");
-        gc_marks_step(objspace, objspace->rincgc.step_slots);
+
+        marking_finished = gc_marks_step(objspace, objspace->rincgc.step_slots);
     }
     else {
         gc_report(2, objspace, "gc_marks_continue: no more pooled pages (stack depth: %"PRIdSIZE").\n",
                   mark_stack_size(&objspace->mark_stack));
+        size_pool->force_incremental_marking_finish_count++;
         gc_marks_rest(objspace);
     }
 
-    gc_exit(objspace, gc_enter_event_mark_continue, &lock_lev);
-#endif
+    gc_marking_exit(objspace);
+
+    return marking_finished;
 }
 
-static void
+static bool
 gc_marks(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark)
 {
     gc_prof_mark_timer_start(objspace);
+    gc_marking_enter(objspace);
+
+    bool marking_finished = false;
 
     /* setup marking */
 
     gc_marks_start(objspace, full_mark);
     if (!is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
         gc_marks_rest(objspace);
+        marking_finished = true;
     }
 
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE > 0
@@ -8632,7 +8863,11 @@ gc_marks(rb_objspace_t *objspace, int full_mark)
         record->old_objects = objspace->rgengc.old_objects;
     }
 #endif
+
+    gc_marking_exit(objspace);
     gc_prof_mark_timer_stop(objspace);
+
+    return marking_finished;
 }
 
 /* RGENGC */
@@ -8670,18 +8905,10 @@ gc_report_body(int level, rb_objspace_t *objspace, const char *fmt, ...)
 /* bit operations */
 
 static int
-rgengc_remembersetbits_get(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
-{
-    return RVALUE_REMEMBERED(obj);
-}
-
-static int
 rgengc_remembersetbits_set(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
     struct heap_page *page = GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj);
-    bits_t *bits = &page->marking_bits[0];
-
-    GC_ASSERT(!is_incremental_marking(objspace));
+    bits_t *bits = &page->remembered_bits[0];
 
     if (MARKED_IN_BITMAP(bits, obj)) {
         return FALSE;
@@ -8700,7 +8927,7 @@ static int
 rgengc_remember(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
     gc_report(6, objspace, "rgengc_remember: %s %s\n", obj_info(obj),
-              rgengc_remembersetbits_get(objspace, obj) ? "was already remembered" : "is remembered now");
+              RVALUE_REMEMBERED(obj) ? "was already remembered" : "is remembered now");
 
     check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
 
@@ -8709,7 +8936,7 @@ rgengc_remember(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     }
 
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE > 0
-    if (!rgengc_remembered(objspace, obj)) {
+    if (!RVALUE_REMEMBERED(obj)) {
         if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj) == 0) {
             objspace->profile.total_remembered_normal_object_count++;
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE >= 2
@@ -8722,21 +8949,6 @@ rgengc_remember(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
     return rgengc_remembersetbits_set(objspace, obj);
 }
 
-static int
-rgengc_remembered_sweep(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
-{
-    int result = rgengc_remembersetbits_get(objspace, obj);
-    check_rvalue_consistency(obj);
-    return result;
-}
-
-static int
-rgengc_remembered(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
-{
-    gc_report(6, objspace, "rgengc_remembered: %s\n", obj_info(obj));
-    return rgengc_remembered_sweep(objspace, obj);
-}
-
 #ifndef PROFILE_REMEMBERSET_MARK
 #define PROFILE_REMEMBERSET_MARK 0
 #endif
@@ -8771,20 +8983,20 @@ rgengc_rememberset_mark(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap)
     gc_report(1, objspace, "rgengc_rememberset_mark: start\n");
 
     ccan_list_for_each(&heap->pages, page, page_node) {
-        if (page->flags.has_remembered_objects | page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects) {
+        if (page->flags.has_remembered_objects | page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects) {
             uintptr_t p = page->start;
             bits_t bitset, bits[HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT];
-            bits_t *marking_bits = page->marking_bits;
+            bits_t *remembered_bits = page->remembered_bits;
             bits_t *uncollectible_bits = page->uncollectible_bits;
             bits_t *wb_unprotected_bits = page->wb_unprotected_bits;
 #if PROFILE_REMEMBERSET_MARK
-            if (page->flags.has_remembered_objects && page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects) has_both++;
+            if (page->flags.has_remembered_objects && page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects) has_both++;
             else if (page->flags.has_remembered_objects) has_old++;
-            else if (page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects) has_shady++;
+            else if (page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects) has_shady++;
 #endif
             for (j=0; j<HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_LIMIT; j++) {
-                bits[j] = marking_bits[j] | (uncollectible_bits[j] & wb_unprotected_bits[j]);
-                marking_bits[j] = 0;
+                bits[j] = remembered_bits[j] | (uncollectible_bits[j] & wb_unprotected_bits[j]);
+                remembered_bits[j] = 0;
             }
             page->flags.has_remembered_objects = FALSE;
 
@@ -8821,8 +9033,9 @@ rgengc_mark_and_rememberset_clear(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_heap_t *heap)
         memset(&page->mark_bits[0],       0, HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE);
         memset(&page->uncollectible_bits[0], 0, HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE);
         memset(&page->marking_bits[0],    0, HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE);
+        memset(&page->remembered_bits[0], 0, HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE);
         memset(&page->pinned_bits[0],     0, HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE);
-        page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects = FALSE;
+        page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects = FALSE;
         page->flags.has_remembered_objects = FALSE;
     }
 }
@@ -8840,9 +9053,8 @@ gc_writebarrier_generational(VALUE a, VALUE b, rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) rb_bug("gc_writebarrier_generational: called while incremental marking: %s -> %s", obj_info(a), obj_info(b));
     }
 
-#if 1
     /* mark `a' and remember (default behavior) */
-    if (!rgengc_remembered(objspace, a)) {
+    if (!RVALUE_REMEMBERED(a)) {
         RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER_NO_BARRIER();
         {
             rgengc_remember(objspace, a);
@@ -8850,25 +9062,11 @@ gc_writebarrier_generational(VALUE a, VALUE b, rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE_NO_BARRIER();
         gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_writebarrier_generational: %s (remembered) -> %s\n", obj_info(a), obj_info(b));
     }
-#else
-    /* mark `b' and remember */
-    MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS(b), b);
-    if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(b)) {
-        gc_remember_unprotected(objspace, b);
-    }
-    else {
-        RVALUE_AGE_SET_OLD(objspace, b);
-        rgengc_remember(objspace, b);
-    }
-
-    gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_writebarrier_generational: %s -> %s (remembered)\n", obj_info(a), obj_info(b));
-#endif
 
     check_rvalue_consistency(a);
     check_rvalue_consistency(b);
 }
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
 static void
 gc_mark_from(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj, VALUE parent)
 {
@@ -8894,18 +9092,7 @@ gc_writebarrier_incremental(VALUE a, VALUE b, rb_objspace_t *objspace)
             }
         }
         else if (RVALUE_OLD_P(a) && !RVALUE_OLD_P(b)) {
-            if (!RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(b)) {
-                gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_writebarrier_incremental: [GN] %p -> %s\n", (void *)a, obj_info(b));
-                RVALUE_AGE_SET_OLD(objspace, b);
-
-                if (RVALUE_BLACK_P(b)) {
-                    gc_grey(objspace, b);
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_writebarrier_incremental: [LL] %p -> %s\n", (void *)a, obj_info(b));
-                gc_remember_unprotected(objspace, b);
-            }
+            rgengc_remember(objspace, a);
         }
 
         if (UNLIKELY(objspace->flags.during_compacting)) {
@@ -8913,17 +9100,16 @@ gc_writebarrier_incremental(VALUE a, VALUE b, rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         }
     }
 }
-#else
-#define gc_writebarrier_incremental(a, b, objspace)
-#endif
 
 void
 rb_gc_writebarrier(VALUE a, VALUE b)
 {
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
 
-    if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE && SPECIAL_CONST_P(a)) rb_bug("rb_gc_writebarrier: a is special const");
-    if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE && SPECIAL_CONST_P(b)) rb_bug("rb_gc_writebarrier: b is special const");
+    if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE) {
+        if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(a)) rb_bug("rb_gc_writebarrier: a is special const: %"PRIxVALUE, a);
+        if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(b)) rb_bug("rb_gc_writebarrier: b is special const: %"PRIxVALUE, b);
+    }
 
   retry:
     if (!is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
@@ -8963,7 +9149,7 @@ rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(VALUE obj)
         rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
 
         gc_report(2, objspace, "rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect: %s %s\n", obj_info(obj),
-                  rgengc_remembered(objspace, obj) ? " (already remembered)" : "");
+                  RVALUE_REMEMBERED(obj) ? " (already remembered)" : "");
 
         RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER_NO_BARRIER();
         {
@@ -8994,7 +9180,7 @@ rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(VALUE obj)
 /*
  * remember `obj' if needed.
  */
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED void
+void
 rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(VALUE obj)
 {
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
@@ -9013,49 +9199,6 @@ rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(VALUE obj)
     }
 }
 
-static st_table *rgengc_unprotect_logging_table;
-
-static int
-rgengc_unprotect_logging_exit_func_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s\t%"PRIuVALUE"\n", (char *)key, (VALUE)val);
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-static void
-rgengc_unprotect_logging_exit_func(void)
-{
-    st_foreach(rgengc_unprotect_logging_table, rgengc_unprotect_logging_exit_func_i, 0);
-}
-
-void
-rb_gc_unprotect_logging(void *objptr, const char *filename, int line)
-{
-    VALUE obj = (VALUE)objptr;
-
-    if (rgengc_unprotect_logging_table == 0) {
-        rgengc_unprotect_logging_table = st_init_strtable();
-        atexit(rgengc_unprotect_logging_exit_func);
-    }
-
-    if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj) == 0) {
-        char buff[0x100];
-        st_data_t cnt = 1;
-        char *ptr = buff;
-
-        snprintf(ptr, 0x100 - 1, "%s|%s:%d", obj_info(obj), filename, line);
-
-        if (st_lookup(rgengc_unprotect_logging_table, (st_data_t)ptr, &cnt)) {
-            cnt++;
-        }
-        else {
-            ptr = (strdup)(buff);
-            if (!ptr) rb_memerror();
-        }
-        st_insert(rgengc_unprotect_logging_table, (st_data_t)ptr, cnt);
-    }
-}
-
 void
 rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute(VALUE dest, VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -9064,7 +9207,7 @@ rb_copy_wb_protected_attribute(VALUE dest, VALUE obj)
     if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj) && !RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(dest)) {
         if (!RVALUE_OLD_P(dest)) {
             MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_WB_UNPROTECTED_BITS(dest), dest);
-            RVALUE_AGE_RESET_RAW(dest);
+            RVALUE_AGE_RESET(dest);
         }
         else {
             RVALUE_DEMOTE(objspace, dest);
@@ -9120,9 +9263,7 @@ rb_obj_gc_flags(VALUE obj, ID* flags, size_t max)
 void
 rb_gc_ractor_newobj_cache_clear(rb_ractor_newobj_cache_t *newobj_cache)
 {
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
     newobj_cache->incremental_mark_step_allocated_slots = 0;
-#endif
 
     for (size_t size_pool_idx = 0; size_pool_idx < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; size_pool_idx++) {
         rb_ractor_newobj_size_pool_cache_t *cache = &newobj_cache->size_pool_caches[size_pool_idx];
@@ -9175,10 +9316,23 @@ rb_gc_register_address(VALUE *addr)
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
     struct gc_list *tmp;
 
+    VALUE obj = *addr;
+
     tmp = ALLOC(struct gc_list);
     tmp->next = global_list;
     tmp->varptr = addr;
     global_list = tmp;
+
+    /*
+     * Because some C extensions have assignment-then-register bugs,
+     * we guard `obj` here so that it would not get swept defensively.
+     */
+    RB_GC_GUARD(obj);
+    if (0 && !SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
+        rb_warn("Object is assigned to registering address already: %"PRIsVALUE,
+                rb_obj_class(obj));
+        rb_print_backtrace(stderr);
+    }
 }
 
 void
@@ -9344,21 +9498,10 @@ static int
 gc_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, unsigned int reason)
 {
     unsigned int do_full_mark = !!(reason & GPR_FLAG_FULL_MARK);
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
-    unsigned int immediate_mark = reason & GPR_FLAG_IMMEDIATE_MARK;
-#endif
 
     /* reason may be clobbered, later, so keep set immediate_sweep here */
     objspace->flags.immediate_sweep = !!(reason & GPR_FLAG_IMMEDIATE_SWEEP);
 
-    /* Explicitly enable compaction (GC.compact) */
-    if (do_full_mark && ruby_enable_autocompact) {
-        objspace->flags.during_compacting = TRUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        objspace->flags.during_compacting = !!(reason & GPR_FLAG_COMPACT);
-    }
-
     if (!heap_allocated_pages) return FALSE; /* heap is not ready */
     if (!(reason & GPR_FLAG_METHOD) && !ready_to_gc(objspace)) return TRUE; /* GC is not allowed */
 
@@ -9382,31 +9525,41 @@ gc_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, unsigned int reason)
 
         objspace->flags.immediate_sweep = !(flag & (1<<gc_stress_no_immediate_sweep));
     }
-    else {
-        if (objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc) {
-            reason |= objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc;
-            do_full_mark = TRUE;
-        }
-        else if (RGENGC_FORCE_MAJOR_GC) {
-            reason = GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_FORCE;
-            do_full_mark = TRUE;
-        }
 
-        objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc = GPR_FLAG_NONE;
+    if (objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc) {
+        reason |= objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc;
+        do_full_mark = TRUE;
+    }
+    else if (RGENGC_FORCE_MAJOR_GC) {
+        reason = GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_FORCE;
+        do_full_mark = TRUE;
     }
 
+    objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc = GPR_FLAG_NONE;
+
     if (do_full_mark && (reason & GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_MASK) == 0) {
         reason |= GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_FORCE; /* GC by CAPI, METHOD, and so on. */
     }
 
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
-    if (!GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK || objspace->flags.dont_incremental || immediate_mark) {
+    if (objspace->flags.dont_incremental ||
+            reason & GPR_FLAG_IMMEDIATE_MARK ||
+            ruby_gc_stressful) {
         objspace->flags.during_incremental_marking = FALSE;
     }
     else {
         objspace->flags.during_incremental_marking = do_full_mark;
     }
+
+    /* Explicitly enable compaction (GC.compact) */
+    if (do_full_mark && ruby_enable_autocompact) {
+        objspace->flags.during_compacting = TRUE;
+#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE
+        objspace->rcompactor.compare_func = ruby_autocompact_compare_func;
 #endif
+    }
+    else {
+        objspace->flags.during_compacting = !!(reason & GPR_FLAG_COMPACT);
+    }
 
     if (!GC_ENABLE_LAZY_SWEEP || objspace->flags.dont_incremental) {
         objspace->flags.immediate_sweep = TRUE;
@@ -9441,18 +9594,21 @@ gc_start(rb_objspace_t *objspace, unsigned int reason)
 
     objspace->profile.count++;
     objspace->profile.latest_gc_info = reason;
-    objspace->profile.total_allocated_objects_at_gc_start = objspace->total_allocated_objects;
+    objspace->profile.total_allocated_objects_at_gc_start = total_allocated_objects(objspace);
     objspace->profile.heap_used_at_gc_start = heap_allocated_pages;
+    objspace->profile.weak_references_count = 0;
+    objspace->profile.retained_weak_references_count = 0;
     gc_prof_setup_new_record(objspace, reason);
     gc_reset_malloc_info(objspace, do_full_mark);
-    rb_transient_heap_start_marking(do_full_mark);
 
     gc_event_hook(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_START, 0 /* TODO: pass minor/immediate flag? */);
     GC_ASSERT(during_gc);
 
     gc_prof_timer_start(objspace);
     {
-        gc_marks(objspace, do_full_mark);
+        if (gc_marks(objspace, do_full_mark)) {
+            gc_sweep(objspace);
+        }
     }
     gc_prof_timer_stop(objspace);
 
@@ -9473,11 +9629,19 @@ gc_rest(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         if (RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 2) gc_verify_internal_consistency(objspace);
 
         if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) {
+            gc_marking_enter(objspace);
             gc_marks_rest(objspace);
+            gc_marking_exit(objspace);
+
+            gc_sweep(objspace);
         }
+
         if (is_lazy_sweeping(objspace)) {
+            gc_sweeping_enter(objspace);
             gc_sweep_rest(objspace);
+            gc_sweeping_exit(objspace);
         }
+
         gc_exit(objspace, gc_enter_event_rest, &lock_lev);
     }
 }
@@ -9494,9 +9658,7 @@ gc_current_status_fill(rb_objspace_t *objspace, char *buff)
     if (is_marking(objspace)) {
         buff[i++] = 'M';
         if (is_full_marking(objspace))        buff[i++] = 'F';
-#if GC_ENABLE_INCREMENTAL_MARK
         if (is_incremental_marking(objspace)) buff[i++] = 'I';
-#endif
     }
     else if (is_sweeping(objspace)) {
         buff[i++] = 'S';
@@ -9568,8 +9730,7 @@ gc_enter_event_cstr(enum gc_enter_event event)
 {
     switch (event) {
       case gc_enter_event_start: return "start";
-      case gc_enter_event_mark_continue: return "mark_continue";
-      case gc_enter_event_sweep_continue: return "sweep_continue";
+      case gc_enter_event_continue: return "continue";
       case gc_enter_event_rest: return "rest";
       case gc_enter_event_finalizer: return "finalizer";
       case gc_enter_event_rb_memerror: return "rb_memerror";
@@ -9582,71 +9743,37 @@ gc_enter_count(enum gc_enter_event event)
 {
     switch (event) {
       case gc_enter_event_start:          RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(gc_enter_start); break;
-      case gc_enter_event_mark_continue:  RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(gc_enter_mark_continue); break;
-      case gc_enter_event_sweep_continue: RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(gc_enter_sweep_continue); break;
+      case gc_enter_event_continue:       RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(gc_enter_continue); break;
       case gc_enter_event_rest:           RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(gc_enter_rest); break;
       case gc_enter_event_finalizer:      RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(gc_enter_finalizer); break;
       case gc_enter_event_rb_memerror:    /* nothing */ break;
     }
 }
 
-#ifndef MEASURE_GC
-#define MEASURE_GC (objspace->flags.measure_gc)
-#endif
-
-static bool
-gc_enter_event_measure_p(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event)
-{
-    if (!MEASURE_GC) return false;
-
-    switch (event) {
-      case gc_enter_event_start:
-      case gc_enter_event_mark_continue:
-      case gc_enter_event_sweep_continue:
-      case gc_enter_event_rest:
-        return true;
-
-      default:
-        // case gc_enter_event_finalizer:
-        // case gc_enter_event_rb_memerror:
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
 static bool current_process_time(struct timespec *ts);
 
 static void
-gc_enter_clock(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event)
+gc_clock_start(struct timespec *ts)
 {
-    if (gc_enter_event_measure_p(objspace, event)) {
-        if (!current_process_time(&objspace->profile.start_time)) {
-            objspace->profile.start_time.tv_sec = 0;
-            objspace->profile.start_time.tv_nsec = 0;
-        }
+    if (!current_process_time(ts)) {
+        ts->tv_sec = 0;
+        ts->tv_nsec = 0;
     }
 }
 
-static void
-gc_exit_clock(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event)
+static uint64_t
+gc_clock_end(struct timespec *ts)
 {
-    if (gc_enter_event_measure_p(objspace, event)) {
-        struct timespec end_time;
+    struct timespec end_time;
 
-        if ((objspace->profile.start_time.tv_sec > 0 ||
-             objspace->profile.start_time.tv_nsec > 0) &&
-            current_process_time(&end_time)) {
-
-            if (end_time.tv_sec < objspace->profile.start_time.tv_sec) {
-                return; // ignore
-            }
-            else {
-                uint64_t ns =
-                  (uint64_t)(end_time.tv_sec - objspace->profile.start_time.tv_sec) * (1000 * 1000 * 1000) +
-                            (end_time.tv_nsec - objspace->profile.start_time.tv_nsec);
-                objspace->profile.total_time_ns += ns;
-            }
-        }
+    if ((ts->tv_sec > 0 || ts->tv_nsec > 0) &&
+            current_process_time(&end_time) &&
+            end_time.tv_sec >= ts->tv_sec) {
+        return (uint64_t)(end_time.tv_sec - ts->tv_sec) * (1000 * 1000 * 1000) +
+                    (end_time.tv_nsec - ts->tv_nsec);
     }
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -9654,14 +9781,12 @@ gc_enter(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event, unsigned int *lock_
 {
     RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER_LEV(lock_lev);
 
-    gc_enter_clock(objspace, event);
-
     switch (event) {
       case gc_enter_event_rest:
         if (!is_marking(objspace)) break;
         // fall through
       case gc_enter_event_start:
-      case gc_enter_event_mark_continue:
+      case gc_enter_event_continue:
         // stop other ractors
         rb_vm_barrier();
         break;
@@ -9685,22 +9810,57 @@ gc_exit(rb_objspace_t *objspace, enum gc_enter_event event, unsigned int *lock_l
 {
     GC_ASSERT(during_gc != 0);
 
-    gc_event_hook(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_EXIT, 0); /* TODO: which parameter should be passsed? */
+    gc_event_hook(objspace, RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_EXIT, 0); /* TODO: which parameter should be passed? */
     gc_record(objspace, 1, gc_enter_event_cstr(event));
     RUBY_DEBUG_LOG("%s (%s)", gc_enter_event_cstr(event), gc_current_status(objspace));
     gc_report(1, objspace, "gc_exit: %s [%s]\n", gc_enter_event_cstr(event), gc_current_status(objspace));
     during_gc = FALSE;
 
-    gc_exit_clock(objspace, event);
     RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE_LEV(lock_lev);
+}
 
-#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE >= 2
-    if (event == gc_enter_event_sweep_continue && gc_mode(objspace) == gc_mode_none) {
-        GC_ASSERT(!during_gc);
-        // sweep finished
-        gc_verify_internal_consistency(objspace);
-    }
+#ifndef MEASURE_GC
+#define MEASURE_GC (objspace->flags.measure_gc)
 #endif
+
+static void
+gc_marking_enter(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    GC_ASSERT(during_gc != 0);
+
+    if (MEASURE_GC) {
+        gc_clock_start(&objspace->profile.marking_start_time);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+gc_marking_exit(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    GC_ASSERT(during_gc != 0);
+
+    if (MEASURE_GC) {
+        objspace->profile.marking_time_ns += gc_clock_end(&objspace->profile.marking_start_time);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+gc_sweeping_enter(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    GC_ASSERT(during_gc != 0);
+
+    if (MEASURE_GC) {
+        gc_clock_start(&objspace->profile.sweeping_start_time);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+gc_sweeping_exit(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    GC_ASSERT(during_gc != 0);
+
+    if (MEASURE_GC) {
+        objspace->profile.sweeping_time_ns += gc_clock_end(&objspace->profile.sweeping_start_time);
+    }
 }
 
 static void *
@@ -9732,6 +9892,31 @@ garbage_collect_with_gvl(rb_objspace_t *objspace, unsigned int reason)
     }
 }
 
+static int
+gc_set_candidate_object_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    VALUE v = (VALUE)vstart;
+    for (; v != (VALUE)vend; v += stride) {
+        switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(v)) {
+          case T_NONE:
+          case T_ZOMBIE:
+            break;
+          case T_STRING:
+            // precompute the string coderange. This both save time for when it will be
+            // eventually needed, and avoid mutating heap pages after a potential fork.
+            rb_enc_str_coderange(v);
+            // fall through
+          default:
+            if (!RVALUE_OLD_P(v) && !RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(v)) {
+                RVALUE_AGE_SET_CANDIDATE(objspace, v);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static VALUE
 gc_start_internal(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE full_mark, VALUE immediate_mark, VALUE immediate_sweep, VALUE compact)
 {
@@ -9759,6 +9944,61 @@ gc_start_internal(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE full_mark, VALUE
     return Qnil;
 }
 
+static void
+free_empty_pages(void)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+        /* Move all empty pages to the tomb heap for freeing. */
+        rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+        rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
+        rb_heap_t *tomb_heap = SIZE_POOL_TOMB_HEAP(size_pool);
+
+        size_t freed_pages = 0;
+
+        struct heap_page **next_page_ptr = &heap->free_pages;
+        struct heap_page *page = heap->free_pages;
+        while (page) {
+            /* All finalizers should have been ran in gc_start_internal, so there
+            * should be no objects that require finalization. */
+            GC_ASSERT(page->final_slots == 0);
+
+            struct heap_page *next_page = page->free_next;
+
+            if (page->free_slots == page->total_slots) {
+                heap_unlink_page(objspace, heap, page);
+                heap_add_page(objspace, size_pool, tomb_heap, page);
+                freed_pages++;
+            }
+            else {
+                *next_page_ptr = page;
+                next_page_ptr = &page->free_next;
+            }
+
+            page = next_page;
+        }
+
+        *next_page_ptr = NULL;
+
+        size_pool_allocatable_pages_set(objspace, size_pool, size_pool->allocatable_pages + freed_pages);
+    }
+
+    heap_pages_free_unused_pages(objspace);
+}
+
+void
+rb_gc_prepare_heap(void)
+{
+    rb_objspace_each_objects(gc_set_candidate_object_i, NULL);
+    gc_start_internal(NULL, Qtrue, Qtrue, Qtrue, Qtrue, Qtrue);
+    free_empty_pages();
+
+#if defined(HAVE_MALLOC_TRIM) && !defined(RUBY_ALTERNATIVE_MALLOC_HEADER)
+    malloc_trim(0);
+#endif
+}
+
 static int
 gc_is_moveable_obj(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -9799,9 +10039,9 @@ gc_is_moveable_obj(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
              * prevent the objects from being collected.  This check prevents
              * objects that are keys in the finalizer table from being moved
              * without directly pinning them. */
-            if (st_is_member(finalizer_table, obj)) {
-                return FALSE;
-            }
+            GC_ASSERT(st_is_member(finalizer_table, obj));
+
+            return FALSE;
         }
         GC_ASSERT(RVALUE_MARKED(obj));
         GC_ASSERT(!RVALUE_PINNED(obj));
@@ -9822,7 +10062,7 @@ gc_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE scan, VALUE free, size_t src_slot_size, s
     int marked;
     int wb_unprotected;
     int uncollectible;
-    int marking;
+    int age;
     RVALUE *dest = (RVALUE *)free;
     RVALUE *src = (RVALUE *)scan;
 
@@ -9831,24 +10071,28 @@ gc_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE scan, VALUE free, size_t src_slot_size, s
     GC_ASSERT(BUILTIN_TYPE(scan) != T_NONE);
     GC_ASSERT(!MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS(free), free));
 
+    GC_ASSERT(!RVALUE_MARKING((VALUE)src));
+
     /* Save off bits for current object. */
     marked = rb_objspace_marked_object_p((VALUE)src);
     wb_unprotected = RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED((VALUE)src);
     uncollectible = RVALUE_UNCOLLECTIBLE((VALUE)src);
-    marking = RVALUE_MARKING((VALUE)src);
+    bool remembered = RVALUE_REMEMBERED((VALUE)src);
+    age = RVALUE_AGE_GET((VALUE)src);
 
     /* Clear bits for eventual T_MOVED */
     CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS((VALUE)src), (VALUE)src);
     CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_WB_UNPROTECTED_BITS((VALUE)src), (VALUE)src);
     CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_UNCOLLECTIBLE_BITS((VALUE)src), (VALUE)src);
-    CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARKING_BITS((VALUE)src), (VALUE)src);
+    CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PAGE((VALUE)src)->remembered_bits, (VALUE)src);
 
     if (FL_TEST((VALUE)src, FL_EXIVAR)) {
-        /* Same deal as below. Generic ivars are held in st tables.
-         * Resizing the table could cause a GC to happen and we can't allow it */
-        VALUE already_disabled = rb_gc_disable_no_rest();
-        rb_mv_generic_ivar((VALUE)src, (VALUE)dest);
-        if (already_disabled == Qfalse) rb_objspace_gc_enable(objspace);
+        /* Resizing the st table could cause a malloc */
+        DURING_GC_COULD_MALLOC_REGION_START();
+        {
+            rb_mv_generic_ivar((VALUE)src, (VALUE)dest);
+        }
+        DURING_GC_COULD_MALLOC_REGION_END();
     }
 
     st_data_t srcid = (st_data_t)src, id;
@@ -9857,25 +10101,34 @@ gc_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE scan, VALUE free, size_t src_slot_size, s
      * the object to object id mapping. */
     if (st_lookup(objspace->obj_to_id_tbl, srcid, &id)) {
         gc_report(4, objspace, "Moving object with seen id: %p -> %p\n", (void *)src, (void *)dest);
-        /* inserting in the st table can cause the GC to run. We need to
-         * prevent re-entry in to the GC since `gc_move` is running in the GC,
-         * so temporarily disable the GC around the st table mutation */
-        VALUE already_disabled = rb_gc_disable_no_rest();
-        st_delete(objspace->obj_to_id_tbl, &srcid, 0);
-        st_insert(objspace->obj_to_id_tbl, (st_data_t)dest, id);
-        if (already_disabled == Qfalse) rb_objspace_gc_enable(objspace);
+        /* Resizing the st table could cause a malloc */
+        DURING_GC_COULD_MALLOC_REGION_START();
+        {
+            st_delete(objspace->obj_to_id_tbl, &srcid, 0);
+            st_insert(objspace->obj_to_id_tbl, (st_data_t)dest, id);
+        }
+        DURING_GC_COULD_MALLOC_REGION_END();
     }
 
     /* Move the object */
     memcpy(dest, src, MIN(src_slot_size, slot_size));
+
+    if (RVALUE_OVERHEAD > 0) {
+        void *dest_overhead = (void *)(((uintptr_t)dest) + slot_size - RVALUE_OVERHEAD);
+        void *src_overhead = (void *)(((uintptr_t)src) + src_slot_size - RVALUE_OVERHEAD);
+
+        memcpy(dest_overhead, src_overhead, RVALUE_OVERHEAD);
+    }
+
     memset(src, 0, src_slot_size);
+    RVALUE_AGE_RESET((VALUE)src);
 
     /* Set bits for object in new location */
-    if (marking) {
-        MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARKING_BITS((VALUE)dest), (VALUE)dest);
+    if (remembered) {
+        MARK_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PAGE(dest)->remembered_bits, (VALUE)dest);
     }
     else {
-        CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARKING_BITS((VALUE)dest), (VALUE)dest);
+        CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PAGE(dest)->remembered_bits, (VALUE)dest);
     }
 
     if (marked) {
@@ -9899,6 +10152,7 @@ gc_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE scan, VALUE free, size_t src_slot_size, s
         CLEAR_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_UNCOLLECTIBLE_BITS((VALUE)dest), (VALUE)dest);
     }
 
+    RVALUE_AGE_SET((VALUE)dest, age);
     /* Assign forwarding address */
     src->as.moved.flags = T_MOVED;
     src->as.moved.dummy = Qundef;
@@ -9910,6 +10164,18 @@ gc_move(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE scan, VALUE free, size_t src_slot_size, s
 
 #if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
 static int
+compare_pinned_slots(const void *left, const void *right, void *dummy)
+{
+    struct heap_page *left_page;
+    struct heap_page *right_page;
+
+    left_page = *(struct heap_page * const *)left;
+    right_page = *(struct heap_page * const *)right;
+
+    return left_page->pinned_slots - right_page->pinned_slots;
+}
+
+static int
 compare_free_slots(const void *left, const void *right, void *dummy)
 {
     struct heap_page *left_page;
@@ -9922,7 +10188,7 @@ compare_free_slots(const void *left, const void *right, void *dummy)
 }
 
 static void
-gc_sort_heap_by_empty_slots(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+gc_sort_heap_by_compare_func(rb_objspace_t *objspace, gc_compact_compare_func compare_func)
 {
     for (int j = 0; j < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; j++) {
         rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[j];
@@ -9942,7 +10208,7 @@ gc_sort_heap_by_empty_slots(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 
         /* Sort the heap so "filled pages" are first. `heap_add_page` adds to the
          * head of the list, so empty pages will end up at the start of the heap */
-        ruby_qsort(page_list, total_pages, sizeof(struct heap_page *), compare_free_slots, NULL);
+        ruby_qsort(page_list, total_pages, sizeof(struct heap_page *), compare_func, NULL);
 
         /* Reset the eden heap */
         ccan_list_head_init(&SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool)->pages);
@@ -9963,13 +10229,10 @@ static void
 gc_ref_update_array(rb_objspace_t * objspace, VALUE v)
 {
     if (ARY_SHARED_P(v)) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
         VALUE old_root = RARRAY(v)->as.heap.aux.shared_root;
-#endif
 
         UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, RARRAY(v)->as.heap.aux.shared_root);
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
         VALUE new_root = RARRAY(v)->as.heap.aux.shared_root;
         // If the root is embedded and its location has changed
         if (ARY_EMBED_P(new_root) && new_root != old_root) {
@@ -9977,60 +10240,48 @@ gc_ref_update_array(rb_objspace_t * objspace, VALUE v)
             GC_ASSERT(RARRAY(v)->as.heap.ptr >= RARRAY(old_root)->as.ary);
             RARRAY(v)->as.heap.ptr = RARRAY(new_root)->as.ary + offset;
         }
-#endif
     }
     else {
         long len = RARRAY_LEN(v);
 
         if (len > 0) {
-            VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(v);
+            VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(v);
             for (long i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                 UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, ptr[i]);
             }
         }
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
-        if ((size_t)GET_HEAP_PAGE(v)->slot_size >= rb_ary_size_as_embedded(v)) {
+        if (rb_gc_obj_slot_size(v) >= rb_ary_size_as_embedded(v)) {
             if (rb_ary_embeddable_p(v)) {
                 rb_ary_make_embedded(v);
             }
         }
-#endif
     }
 }
 
+static void gc_ref_update_table_values_only(rb_objspace_t *objspace, st_table *tbl);
+
 static void
 gc_ref_update_object(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE v)
 {
     VALUE *ptr = ROBJECT_IVPTR(v);
-    uint32_t numiv = ROBJECT_NUMIV(v);
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
+    if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(v)) {
+        gc_ref_update_table_values_only(objspace, ROBJECT_IV_HASH(v));
+        return;
+    }
+
     size_t slot_size = rb_gc_obj_slot_size(v);
-    size_t embed_size = rb_obj_embedded_size(numiv);
+    size_t embed_size = rb_obj_embedded_size(ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY(v));
     if (slot_size >= embed_size && !RB_FL_TEST_RAW(v, ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
         // Object can be re-embedded
-        memcpy(ROBJECT(v)->as.ary, ptr, sizeof(VALUE) * numiv);
+        memcpy(ROBJECT(v)->as.ary, ptr, sizeof(VALUE) * ROBJECT_IV_COUNT(v));
         RB_FL_SET_RAW(v, ROBJECT_EMBED);
-        if (ROBJ_TRANSIENT_P(v)) {
-            ROBJ_TRANSIENT_UNSET(v);
-        }
-        else {
-            xfree(ptr);
-        }
+        xfree(ptr);
         ptr = ROBJECT(v)->as.ary;
-
-        uint32_t capa = (uint32_t)((slot_size - offsetof(struct RObject, as.ary)) / sizeof(VALUE));
-        ROBJECT(v)->numiv = capa;
-
-        // Fill end with Qundef
-        for (uint32_t i = numiv; i < capa; i++) {
-            ptr[i] = Qundef;
-        }
     }
-#endif
 
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < numiv; i++) {
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ROBJECT_IV_COUNT(v); i++) {
         UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, ptr[i]);
     }
 }
@@ -10094,7 +10345,7 @@ hash_foreach_replace_value(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t argp, int e
 }
 
 static void
-gc_update_tbl_refs(rb_objspace_t * objspace, st_table *tbl)
+gc_ref_update_table_values_only(rb_objspace_t *objspace, st_table *tbl)
 {
     if (!tbl || tbl->num_entries == 0) return;
 
@@ -10103,6 +10354,12 @@ gc_update_tbl_refs(rb_objspace_t * objspace, st_table *tbl)
     }
 }
 
+void
+rb_gc_ref_update_table_values_only(st_table *tbl)
+{
+    gc_ref_update_table_values_only(&rb_objspace, tbl);
+}
+
 static void
 gc_update_table_refs(rb_objspace_t * objspace, st_table *tbl)
 {
@@ -10113,7 +10370,7 @@ gc_update_table_refs(rb_objspace_t * objspace, st_table *tbl)
     }
 }
 
-/* Update MOVED references in an st_table */
+/* Update MOVED references in a VALUE=>VALUE st_table */
 void
 rb_gc_update_tbl_refs(st_table *ptr)
 {
@@ -10155,7 +10412,6 @@ gc_ref_update_method_entry(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_method_entry_t *me)
             return;
           case VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED:
             TYPED_UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, struct rb_method_entry_struct *, def->body.refined.orig_me);
-            UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, def->body.refined.owner);
             break;
           case VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC:
           case VM_METHOD_TYPE_ZSUPER:
@@ -10178,6 +10434,20 @@ gc_update_values(rb_objspace_t *objspace, long n, VALUE *values)
     }
 }
 
+void
+rb_gc_update_values(long n, VALUE *values)
+{
+    gc_update_values(&rb_objspace, n, values);
+}
+
+static bool
+moved_or_living_object_strictly_p(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
+{
+    return obj &&
+           is_pointer_to_heap(objspace, (void *)obj) &&
+           (is_live_object(objspace, obj) || BUILTIN_TYPE(obj) == T_MOVED);
+}
+
 static void
 gc_ref_update_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 {
@@ -10217,7 +10487,7 @@ gc_ref_update_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
         gc_ref_update_method_entry(objspace, &RANY(obj)->as.imemo.ment);
         break;
       case imemo_iseq:
-        rb_iseq_update_references((rb_iseq_t *)obj);
+        rb_iseq_mark_and_move((rb_iseq_t *)obj, true);
         break;
       case imemo_ast:
         rb_ast_update_references((rb_ast_t *)obj);
@@ -10225,17 +10495,18 @@ gc_ref_update_imemo(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
       case imemo_callcache:
         {
             const struct rb_callcache *cc = (const struct rb_callcache *)obj;
-            if (cc->klass) {
-                UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, cc->klass);
-                if (!is_live_object(objspace, cc->klass)) {
-                    *((VALUE *)(&cc->klass)) = (VALUE)0;
-                }
-            }
 
-            if (cc->cme_) {
-                TYPED_UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, struct rb_callable_method_entry_struct *, cc->cme_);
-                if (!is_live_object(objspace, (VALUE)cc->cme_)) {
-                    *((struct rb_callable_method_entry_struct **)(&cc->cme_)) = (struct rb_callable_method_entry_struct *)0;
+            if (!cc->klass) {
+                // already invalidated
+            }
+            else {
+                if (moved_or_living_object_strictly_p(objspace, cc->klass) &&
+                    moved_or_living_object_strictly_p(objspace, (VALUE)cc->cme_)) {
+                    UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, cc->klass);
+                    TYPED_UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, struct rb_callable_method_entry_struct *, cc->cme_);
+                }
+                else {
+                    vm_cc_invalidate(cc);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -10357,9 +10628,14 @@ static enum rb_id_table_iterator_result
 update_cvc_tbl_i(VALUE cvc_entry, void *data)
 {
     struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry *entry;
+    rb_objspace_t * objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)data;
 
     entry = (struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry *)cvc_entry;
 
+    if (entry->cref) {
+        TYPED_UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, rb_cref_t *, entry->cref);
+    }
+
     entry->class_value = rb_gc_location(entry->class_value);
 
     return ID_TABLE_CONTINUE;
@@ -10375,6 +10651,29 @@ update_cvc_tbl(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE klass)
 }
 
 static enum rb_id_table_iterator_result
+mark_cvc_tbl_i(VALUE cvc_entry, void *data)
+{
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)data;
+    struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry *entry;
+
+    entry = (struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry *)cvc_entry;
+
+    RUBY_ASSERT(entry->cref == 0 || (BUILTIN_TYPE((VALUE)entry->cref) == T_IMEMO && IMEMO_TYPE_P(entry->cref, imemo_cref)));
+    gc_mark(objspace, (VALUE) entry->cref);
+
+    return ID_TABLE_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+static void
+mark_cvc_tbl(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE klass)
+{
+    struct rb_id_table *tbl = RCLASS_CVC_TBL(klass);
+    if (tbl) {
+        rb_id_table_foreach_values(tbl, mark_cvc_tbl_i, objspace);
+    }
+}
+
+static enum rb_id_table_iterator_result
 update_const_table(VALUE value, void *data)
 {
     rb_const_entry_t *ce = (rb_const_entry_t *)value;
@@ -10407,15 +10706,6 @@ update_subclass_entries(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_subclass_entry_t *entry)
     }
 }
 
-static int
-update_iv_index_tbl_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)arg;
-    struct rb_iv_index_tbl_entry *ent = (struct rb_iv_index_tbl_entry *)value;
-    UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, ent->class_value);
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
 static void
 update_class_ext(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_classext_t *ext)
 {
@@ -10423,11 +10713,6 @@ update_class_ext(rb_objspace_t *objspace, rb_classext_t *ext)
     UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, ext->includer);
     UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, ext->refined_class);
     update_subclass_entries(objspace, ext->subclasses);
-
-    // ext->iv_index_tbl
-    if (ext->iv_index_tbl) {
-        st_foreach(ext->iv_index_tbl, update_iv_index_tbl_i, (st_data_t)objspace);
-    }
 }
 
 static void
@@ -10447,36 +10732,47 @@ gc_update_object_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 
     gc_report(4, objspace, "update-refs: %p ->\n", (void *)obj);
 
+    if (FL_TEST(obj, FL_EXIVAR)) {
+        rb_ref_update_generic_ivar(obj);
+    }
+
     switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
       case T_CLASS:
+        if (FL_TEST(obj, FL_SINGLETON)) {
+            UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(obj));
+        }
+        // Continue to the shared T_CLASS/T_MODULE
       case T_MODULE:
         if (RCLASS_SUPER((VALUE)obj)) {
             UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, RCLASS(obj)->super);
         }
-        if (!RCLASS_EXT(obj)) break;
         update_m_tbl(objspace, RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
         update_cc_tbl(objspace, obj);
         update_cvc_tbl(objspace, obj);
         update_superclasses(objspace, obj);
 
-        gc_update_tbl_refs(objspace, RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj));
+        if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+            gc_ref_update_table_values_only(objspace, RCLASS_IV_HASH(obj));
+        }
+        else {
+            for (attr_index_t i = 0; i < RCLASS_IV_COUNT(obj); i++) {
+                UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, RCLASS_IVPTR(obj)[i]);
+            }
+        }
 
         update_class_ext(objspace, RCLASS_EXT(obj));
         update_const_tbl(objspace, RCLASS_CONST_TBL(obj));
+
+        UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, RCLASS_EXT(obj)->classpath);
         break;
 
       case T_ICLASS:
-        if (FL_TEST(obj, RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN) &&
-                !FL_TEST(obj, RICLASS_ORIGIN_SHARED_MTBL)) {
+        if (RICLASS_OWNS_M_TBL_P(obj)) {
             update_m_tbl(objspace, RCLASS_M_TBL(obj));
         }
         if (RCLASS_SUPER((VALUE)obj)) {
             UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, RCLASS(obj)->super);
         }
-        if (!RCLASS_EXT(obj)) break;
-        if (RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj)) {
-            gc_update_tbl_refs(objspace, RCLASS_IV_TBL(obj));
-        }
         update_class_ext(objspace, RCLASS_EXT(obj));
         update_m_tbl(objspace, RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL(obj));
         update_cc_tbl(objspace, obj);
@@ -10505,26 +10801,16 @@ gc_update_object_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
 
       case T_STRING:
         {
-#if USE_RVARGC
-#endif
-
             if (STR_SHARED_P(obj)) {
-#if USE_RVARGC
-                VALUE old_root = any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared;
-#endif
                 UPDATE_IF_MOVED(objspace, any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared);
-#if USE_RVARGC
-                VALUE new_root = any->as.string.as.heap.aux.shared;
-                rb_str_update_shared_ary(obj, old_root, new_root);
-
-                // if, after move the string is not embedded, and can fit in the
-                // slot it's been placed in, then re-embed it
-                if ((size_t)GET_HEAP_PAGE(obj)->slot_size >= rb_str_size_as_embedded(obj)) {
-                    if (!STR_EMBED_P(obj) && rb_str_reembeddable_p(obj)) {
-                        rb_str_make_embedded(obj);
-                    }
+            }
+
+            /* If, after move the string is not embedded, and can fit in the
+             * slot it's been placed in, then re-embed it. */
+            if (rb_gc_obj_slot_size(obj) >= rb_str_size_as_embedded(obj)) {
+                if (!STR_EMBED_P(obj) && rb_str_reembeddable_p(obj)) {
+                    rb_str_make_embedded(obj);
                 }
-#endif
             }
 
             break;
@@ -10532,9 +10818,18 @@ gc_update_object_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
       case T_DATA:
         /* Call the compaction callback, if it exists */
         {
-            void *const ptr = DATA_PTR(obj);
+            void *const ptr = RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) ? RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(obj) : DATA_PTR(obj);
             if (ptr) {
-                if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj)) {
+                if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj) && gc_declarative_marking_p(any->as.typeddata.type)) {
+                    size_t *offset_list = (size_t *)RANY(obj)->as.typeddata.type->function.dmark;
+
+                    for (size_t offset = *offset_list; offset != RUBY_REF_END; offset = *offset_list++) {
+                        VALUE *ref = (VALUE *)((char *)ptr + offset);
+                        if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(*ref)) continue;
+                        *ref = rb_gc_location(*ref);
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (RTYPEDDATA_P(obj)) {
                     RUBY_DATA_FUNC compact_func = any->as.typeddata.type->function.dcompact;
                     if (compact_func) (*compact_func)(ptr);
                 }
@@ -10621,7 +10916,7 @@ gc_ref_update(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, rb_objspace_t * objspace,
     VALUE v = (VALUE)vstart;
     asan_unlock_freelist(page);
     asan_lock_freelist(page);
-    page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects = FALSE;
+    page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects = FALSE;
     page->flags.has_remembered_objects = FALSE;
 
     /* For each object on the page */
@@ -10635,9 +10930,9 @@ gc_ref_update(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, rb_objspace_t * objspace,
             break;
           default:
             if (RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(v)) {
-                page->flags.has_uncollectible_shady_objects = TRUE;
+                page->flags.has_uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects = TRUE;
             }
-            if (RVALUE_PAGE_MARKING(page, v)) {
+            if (RVALUE_REMEMBERED(v)) {
                 page->flags.has_remembered_objects = TRUE;
             }
             if (page->flags.before_sweep) {
@@ -10664,6 +10959,8 @@ extern rb_symbols_t ruby_global_symbols;
 static void
 gc_update_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
+    objspace->flags.during_reference_updating = true;
+
     rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
     rb_vm_t *vm = rb_ec_vm_ptr(ec);
 
@@ -10688,22 +10985,23 @@ gc_update_references(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
         }
     }
     rb_vm_update_references(vm);
-    rb_transient_heap_update_references();
     rb_gc_update_global_tbl();
     global_symbols.ids = rb_gc_location(global_symbols.ids);
     global_symbols.dsymbol_fstr_hash = rb_gc_location(global_symbols.dsymbol_fstr_hash);
-    gc_update_tbl_refs(objspace, objspace->obj_to_id_tbl);
+    gc_ref_update_table_values_only(objspace, objspace->obj_to_id_tbl);
     gc_update_table_refs(objspace, objspace->id_to_obj_tbl);
     gc_update_table_refs(objspace, global_symbols.str_sym);
     gc_update_table_refs(objspace, finalizer_table);
+
+    objspace->flags.during_reference_updating = false;
 }
 
 #if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     GC.latest_compact_info -> {:considered=>{:T_CLASS=>11}, :moved=>{:T_CLASS=>11}}
+ *     GC.latest_compact_info -> hash
  *
- *  Returns information about object moved in the most recent GC compaction.
+ * Returns information about object moved in the most recent \GC compaction.
  *
  * The returned hash has two keys :considered and :moved.  The hash for
  * :considered lists the number of objects that were considered for movement
@@ -10756,7 +11054,7 @@ static void
 root_obj_check_moved_i(const char *category, VALUE obj, void *data)
 {
     if (gc_object_moved_p(&rb_objspace, obj)) {
-        rb_bug("ROOT %s points to MOVED: %p -> %s\n", category, (void *)obj, obj_info(rb_gc_location(obj)));
+        rb_bug("ROOT %s points to MOVED: %p -> %s", category, (void *)obj, obj_info(rb_gc_location(obj)));
     }
 }
 
@@ -10765,7 +11063,7 @@ reachable_object_check_moved_i(VALUE ref, void *data)
 {
     VALUE parent = (VALUE)data;
     if (gc_object_moved_p(&rb_objspace, ref)) {
-        rb_bug("Object %s points to MOVED: %p -> %s\n", obj_info(parent), (void *)ref, obj_info(rb_gc_location(ref)));
+        rb_bug("Object %s points to MOVED: %p -> %s", obj_info(parent), (void *)ref, obj_info(rb_gc_location(ref)));
     }
 }
 
@@ -10807,13 +11105,13 @@ heap_check_moved_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
  * This function compacts objects together in Ruby's heap.  It eliminates
  * unused space (or fragmentation) in the heap by moving objects in to that
  * unused space.  This function returns a hash which contains statistics about
- * which objects were moved.  See `GC.latest_gc_info` for details about
+ * which objects were moved.  See <tt>GC.latest_gc_info</tt> for details about
  * compaction statistics.
  *
  * This method is implementation specific and not expected to be implemented
  * in any implementation besides MRI.
  *
- * To test whether GC compaction is supported, use the idiom:
+ * To test whether \GC compaction is supported, use the idiom:
  *
  *   GC.respond_to?(:compact)
  */
@@ -10830,6 +11128,39 @@ gc_compact(VALUE self)
 #endif
 
 #if GC_CAN_COMPILE_COMPACTION
+
+struct desired_compaction_pages_i_data {
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace;
+    size_t required_slots[SIZE_POOL_COUNT];
+};
+
+static int
+desired_compaction_pages_i(struct heap_page *page, void *data)
+{
+    struct desired_compaction_pages_i_data *tdata = data;
+    rb_objspace_t *objspace = tdata->objspace;
+    VALUE vstart = (VALUE)page->start;
+    VALUE vend = vstart + (VALUE)(page->total_slots * page->size_pool->slot_size);
+
+
+    for (VALUE v = vstart; v != vend; v += page->size_pool->slot_size) {
+        /* skip T_NONEs; they won't be moved */
+        void *poisoned = asan_unpoison_object_temporary(v);
+        if (BUILTIN_TYPE(v) == T_NONE) {
+            if (poisoned) {
+                asan_poison_object(v);
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        rb_size_pool_t *dest_pool = gc_compact_destination_pool(objspace, page->size_pool, v);
+        size_t dest_pool_idx = dest_pool - size_pools;
+        tdata->required_slots[dest_pool_idx]++;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static VALUE
 gc_verify_compaction_references(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE double_heap, VALUE expand_heap, VALUE toward_empty)
 {
@@ -10837,7 +11168,6 @@ gc_verify_compaction_references(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE do
 
     /* Clear the heap. */
     gc_start_internal(NULL, self, Qtrue, Qtrue, Qtrue, Qfalse);
-    size_t growth_slots = gc_params.heap_init_slots;
 
     if (RTEST(double_heap)) {
         rb_warn("double_heap is deprecated, please use expand_heap instead");
@@ -10848,23 +11178,59 @@ gc_verify_compaction_references(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE do
         gc_rest(objspace);
 
         /* if both double_heap and expand_heap are set, expand_heap takes precedence */
-        if (RTEST(double_heap) || RTEST(expand_heap)) {
+        if (RTEST(expand_heap)) {
+            struct desired_compaction_pages_i_data desired_compaction = {
+                .objspace = objspace,
+                .required_slots = {0},
+            };
+            /* Work out how many objects want to be in each size pool, taking account of moves */
+            objspace_each_pages(objspace, desired_compaction_pages_i, &desired_compaction, TRUE);
+
+            /* Find out which pool has the most pages */
+            size_t max_existing_pages = 0;
+            for(int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+                rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+                rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
+                max_existing_pages = MAX(max_existing_pages, heap->total_pages);
+            }
+            /* Add pages to each size pool so that compaction is guaranteed to move every object */
             for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
                 rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
                 rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
 
-                if (RTEST(expand_heap)) {
-                    size_t required_pages = growth_slots / size_pool->slot_size;
-                    heap_add_pages(objspace, size_pool, heap, MAX(required_pages, heap->total_pages));
-                }
-                else {
-                    heap_add_pages(objspace, size_pool, heap, heap->total_pages);
-                }
+                size_t pages_to_add = 0;
+                /*
+                 * Step 1: Make sure every pool has the same number of pages, by adding empty pages
+                 * to smaller pools. This is required to make sure the compact cursor can advance
+                 * through all of the pools in `gc_sweep_compact` without hitting the "sweep &
+                 * compact cursors met" condition on some pools before fully compacting others
+                 */
+                pages_to_add += max_existing_pages - heap->total_pages;
+                /*
+                 * Step 2: Now add additional free pages to each size pool sufficient to hold all objects
+                 * that want to be in that size pool, whether moved into it or moved within it
+                 */
+                pages_to_add += slots_to_pages_for_size_pool(objspace, size_pool, desired_compaction.required_slots[i]);
+                /*
+                 * Step 3: Add two more pages so that the compact & sweep cursors will meet _after_ all objects
+                 * have been moved, and not on the last iteration of the `gc_sweep_compact` loop
+                 */
+                pages_to_add += 2;
+
+                heap_add_pages(objspace, size_pool, heap, pages_to_add);
+            }
+        }
+        else if (RTEST(double_heap)) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
+                rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+                rb_heap_t *heap = SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool);
+                heap_add_pages(objspace, size_pool, heap, heap->total_pages);
             }
+
         }
 
         if (RTEST(toward_empty)) {
-            gc_sort_heap_by_empty_slots(objspace);
+            objspace->rcompactor.compare_func = compare_free_slots;
         }
     }
     RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE();
@@ -10874,6 +11240,7 @@ gc_verify_compaction_references(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE do
     objspace_reachable_objects_from_root(objspace, root_obj_check_moved_i, NULL);
     objspace_each_objects(objspace, heap_check_moved_i, NULL, TRUE);
 
+    objspace->rcompactor.compare_func = NULL;
     return gc_compact_stats(self);
 }
 #else
@@ -10890,7 +11257,7 @@ rb_gc_start(void)
 void
 rb_gc(void)
 {
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    unless_objspace(objspace) { return; }
     unsigned int reason = GPR_DEFAULT_REASON;
     garbage_collect(objspace, reason);
 }
@@ -10898,7 +11265,7 @@ rb_gc(void)
 int
 rb_during_gc(void)
 {
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    unless_objspace(objspace) { return FALSE; }
     return during_gc;
 }
 
@@ -10934,15 +11301,16 @@ gc_count(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 gc_info_decode(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const VALUE hash_or_key, const unsigned int orig_flags)
 {
-    static VALUE sym_major_by = Qnil, sym_gc_by, sym_immediate_sweep, sym_have_finalizer, sym_state;
+    static VALUE sym_major_by = Qnil, sym_gc_by, sym_immediate_sweep, sym_have_finalizer, sym_state, sym_need_major_by;
     static VALUE sym_nofree, sym_oldgen, sym_shady, sym_force, sym_stress;
 #if RGENGC_ESTIMATE_OLDMALLOC
     static VALUE sym_oldmalloc;
 #endif
     static VALUE sym_newobj, sym_malloc, sym_method, sym_capi;
     static VALUE sym_none, sym_marking, sym_sweeping;
+    static VALUE sym_weak_references_count, sym_retained_weak_references_count;
     VALUE hash = Qnil, key = Qnil;
-    VALUE major_by;
+    VALUE major_by, need_major_by;
     unsigned int flags = orig_flags ? orig_flags : objspace->profile.latest_gc_info;
 
     if (SYMBOL_P(hash_or_key)) {
@@ -10962,6 +11330,7 @@ gc_info_decode(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const VALUE hash_or_key, const unsigned
         S(immediate_sweep);
         S(have_finalizer);
         S(state);
+        S(need_major_by);
 
         S(stress);
         S(nofree);
@@ -10979,6 +11348,9 @@ gc_info_decode(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const VALUE hash_or_key, const unsigned
         S(none);
         S(marking);
         S(sweeping);
+
+        S(weak_references_count);
+        S(retained_weak_references_count);
 #undef S
     }
 
@@ -10999,6 +11371,20 @@ gc_info_decode(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const VALUE hash_or_key, const unsigned
       Qnil;
     SET(major_by, major_by);
 
+    if (orig_flags == 0) { /* set need_major_by only if flags not set explicitly */
+        unsigned int need_major_flags = objspace->rgengc.need_major_gc;
+        need_major_by =
+            (need_major_flags & GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_NOFREE) ? sym_nofree :
+            (need_major_flags & GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_OLDGEN) ? sym_oldgen :
+            (need_major_flags & GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_SHADY)  ? sym_shady :
+            (need_major_flags & GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_FORCE)  ? sym_force :
+#if RGENGC_ESTIMATE_OLDMALLOC
+            (need_major_flags & GPR_FLAG_MAJOR_BY_OLDMALLOC) ? sym_oldmalloc :
+#endif
+            Qnil;
+        SET(need_major_by, need_major_by);
+    }
+
     SET(gc_by,
         (flags & GPR_FLAG_NEWOBJ) ? sym_newobj :
         (flags & GPR_FLAG_MALLOC) ? sym_malloc :
@@ -11015,6 +11401,9 @@ gc_info_decode(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const VALUE hash_or_key, const unsigned
         SET(state, gc_mode(objspace) == gc_mode_none ? sym_none :
                    gc_mode(objspace) == gc_mode_marking ? sym_marking : sym_sweeping);
     }
+
+    SET(weak_references_count, LONG2FIX(objspace->profile.weak_references_count));
+    SET(retained_weak_references_count, LONG2FIX(objspace->profile.retained_weak_references_count));
 #undef SET
 
     if (!NIL_P(key)) {/* matched key should return above */
@@ -11049,6 +11438,8 @@ gc_latest_gc_info(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE self, VALUE arg)
 enum gc_stat_sym {
     gc_stat_sym_count,
     gc_stat_sym_time,
+    gc_stat_sym_marking_time,
+    gc_stat_sym_sweeping_time,
     gc_stat_sym_heap_allocated_pages,
     gc_stat_sym_heap_sorted_length,
     gc_stat_sym_heap_allocatable_pages,
@@ -11078,6 +11469,7 @@ enum gc_stat_sym {
     gc_stat_sym_oldmalloc_increase_bytes,
     gc_stat_sym_oldmalloc_increase_bytes_limit,
 #endif
+    gc_stat_sym_weak_references_count,
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE
     gc_stat_sym_total_generated_normal_object_count,
     gc_stat_sym_total_generated_shady_object_count,
@@ -11098,6 +11490,8 @@ setup_gc_stat_symbols(void)
 #define S(s) gc_stat_symbols[gc_stat_sym_##s] = ID2SYM(rb_intern_const(#s))
         S(count);
         S(time);
+        S(marking_time),
+        S(sweeping_time),
         S(heap_allocated_pages);
         S(heap_sorted_length);
         S(heap_allocatable_pages);
@@ -11127,6 +11521,7 @@ setup_gc_stat_symbols(void)
         S(oldmalloc_increase_bytes);
         S(oldmalloc_increase_bytes_limit);
 #endif
+        S(weak_references_count);
 #if RGENGC_PROFILE
         S(total_generated_normal_object_count);
         S(total_generated_shady_object_count);
@@ -11139,6 +11534,12 @@ setup_gc_stat_symbols(void)
     }
 }
 
+static uint64_t
+ns_to_ms(uint64_t ns)
+{
+    return ns / (1000 * 1000);
+}
+
 static size_t
 gc_stat_internal(VALUE hash_or_sym)
 {
@@ -11164,7 +11565,9 @@ gc_stat_internal(VALUE hash_or_sym)
         rb_hash_aset(hash, gc_stat_symbols[gc_stat_sym_##name], SIZET2NUM(attr));
 
     SET(count, objspace->profile.count);
-    SET(time, (size_t) (objspace->profile.total_time_ns / (1000 * 1000) /* ns -> ms */)); // TODO: UINT64T2NUM
+    SET(time, (size_t)ns_to_ms(objspace->profile.marking_time_ns + objspace->profile.sweeping_time_ns)); // TODO: UINT64T2NUM
+    SET(marking_time, (size_t)ns_to_ms(objspace->profile.marking_time_ns));
+    SET(sweeping_time, (size_t)ns_to_ms(objspace->profile.sweeping_time_ns));
 
     /* implementation dependent counters */
     SET(heap_allocated_pages, heap_allocated_pages);
@@ -11179,8 +11582,8 @@ gc_stat_internal(VALUE hash_or_sym)
     SET(heap_tomb_pages, heap_tomb_total_pages(objspace));
     SET(total_allocated_pages, total_allocated_pages(objspace));
     SET(total_freed_pages, total_freed_pages(objspace));
-    SET(total_allocated_objects, objspace->total_allocated_objects);
-    SET(total_freed_objects, objspace->profile.total_freed_objects);
+    SET(total_allocated_objects, total_allocated_objects(objspace));
+    SET(total_freed_objects, total_freed_objects(objspace));
     SET(malloc_increase_bytes, malloc_increase);
     SET(malloc_increase_bytes_limit, malloc_limit);
     SET(minor_gc_count, objspace->profile.minor_gc_count);
@@ -11270,6 +11673,9 @@ enum gc_stat_heap_sym {
     gc_stat_heap_sym_total_allocated_pages,
     gc_stat_heap_sym_total_freed_pages,
     gc_stat_heap_sym_force_major_gc_count,
+    gc_stat_heap_sym_force_incremental_marking_finish_count,
+    gc_stat_heap_sym_total_allocated_objects,
+    gc_stat_heap_sym_total_freed_objects,
     gc_stat_heap_sym_last
 };
 
@@ -11289,6 +11695,9 @@ setup_gc_stat_heap_symbols(void)
         S(total_allocated_pages);
         S(total_freed_pages);
         S(force_major_gc_count);
+        S(force_incremental_marking_finish_count);
+        S(total_allocated_objects);
+        S(total_freed_objects);
 #undef S
     }
 }
@@ -11332,6 +11741,9 @@ gc_stat_heap_internal(int size_pool_idx, VALUE hash_or_sym)
     SET(total_allocated_pages, size_pool->total_allocated_pages);
     SET(total_freed_pages, size_pool->total_freed_pages);
     SET(force_major_gc_count, size_pool->force_major_gc_count);
+    SET(force_incremental_marking_finish_count, size_pool->force_incremental_marking_finish_count);
+    SET(total_allocated_objects, size_pool->total_allocated_objects);
+    SET(total_freed_objects, size_pool->total_freed_objects);
 #undef SET
 
     if (!NIL_P(key)) { /* matched key should return above */
@@ -11486,6 +11898,18 @@ gc_set_auto_compact(VALUE _, VALUE v)
     GC_ASSERT(GC_COMPACTION_SUPPORTED);
 
     ruby_enable_autocompact = RTEST(v);
+
+#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE
+    ruby_autocompact_compare_func = NULL;
+
+    if (SYMBOL_P(v)) {
+        ID id = RB_SYM2ID(v);
+        if (id == rb_intern("empty")) {
+            ruby_autocompact_compare_func = compare_free_slots;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
     return v;
 }
 #else
@@ -11609,31 +12033,36 @@ get_envparam_double(const char *name, double *default_value, double lower_bound,
 }
 
 static void
-gc_set_initial_pages(void)
+gc_set_initial_pages(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
-    size_t min_pages;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-
     gc_rest(objspace);
 
-    min_pages = gc_params.heap_init_slots / HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT;
-
-    size_t pages_per_class = (min_pages - heap_eden_total_pages(objspace)) / SIZE_POOL_COUNT;
-
     for (int i = 0; i < SIZE_POOL_COUNT; i++) {
         rb_size_pool_t *size_pool = &size_pools[i];
+        char env_key[sizeof("RUBY_GC_HEAP_" "_INIT_SLOTS") + DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT)];
+        snprintf(env_key, sizeof(env_key), "RUBY_GC_HEAP_%d_INIT_SLOTS", i);
 
-        heap_add_pages(objspace, size_pool, SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(size_pool), pages_per_class);
-    }
+        size_t size_pool_init_slots = gc_params.size_pool_init_slots[i];
+        if (get_envparam_size(env_key, &size_pool_init_slots, 0)) {
+            gc_params.size_pool_init_slots[i] = size_pool_init_slots;
+        }
 
-    heap_add_pages(objspace, &size_pools[0], SIZE_POOL_EDEN_HEAP(&size_pools[0]), min_pages - heap_eden_total_pages(objspace));
+        if (size_pool_init_slots > size_pool->eden_heap.total_slots) {
+            size_t slots = size_pool_init_slots - size_pool->eden_heap.total_slots;
+            size_pool->allocatable_pages = slots_to_pages_for_size_pool(objspace, size_pool, slots);
+        }
+        else {
+            /* We already have more slots than size_pool_init_slots allows, so
+             * prevent creating more pages. */
+            size_pool->allocatable_pages = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    heap_pages_expand_sorted(objspace);
 }
 
 /*
  * GC tuning environment variables
  *
- * * RUBY_GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS
- *   - Initial allocation slots.
  * * RUBY_GC_HEAP_FREE_SLOTS
  *   - Prepare at least this amount of slots after GC.
  *   - Allocate slots if there are not enough slots.
@@ -11680,10 +12109,7 @@ ruby_gc_set_params(void)
         /* ok */
     }
 
-    /* RUBY_GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS */
-    if (get_envparam_size("RUBY_GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS", &gc_params.heap_init_slots, 0)) {
-        gc_set_initial_pages();
-    }
+    gc_set_initial_pages(objspace);
 
     get_envparam_double("RUBY_GC_HEAP_GROWTH_FACTOR", &gc_params.growth_factor, 1.0, 0.0, FALSE);
     get_envparam_size  ("RUBY_GC_HEAP_GROWTH_MAX_SLOTS", &gc_params.growth_max_slots, 0);
@@ -11694,6 +12120,7 @@ ruby_gc_set_params(void)
     get_envparam_double("RUBY_GC_HEAP_FREE_SLOTS_GOAL_RATIO", &gc_params.heap_free_slots_goal_ratio,
                         gc_params.heap_free_slots_min_ratio, gc_params.heap_free_slots_max_ratio, TRUE);
     get_envparam_double("RUBY_GC_HEAP_OLDOBJECT_LIMIT_FACTOR", &gc_params.oldobject_limit_factor, 0.0, 0.0, TRUE);
+    get_envparam_double("RUBY_GC_HEAP_REMEMBERED_WB_UNPROTECTED_OBJECTS_LIMIT_RATIO", &gc_params.uncollectible_wb_unprotected_objects_limit_ratio, 0.0, 0.0, TRUE);
 
     if (get_envparam_size("RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT", &gc_params.malloc_limit_min, 0)) {
         malloc_limit = gc_params.malloc_limit_min;
@@ -11729,7 +12156,7 @@ rb_objspace_reachable_objects_from(VALUE obj, void (func)(VALUE, void *), void *
     {
         if (during_gc) rb_bug("rb_objspace_reachable_objects_from() is not supported while during_gc == true");
 
-        if (is_markable_object(objspace, obj)) {
+        if (is_markable_object(obj)) {
             rb_ractor_t *cr = GET_RACTOR();
             struct gc_mark_func_data_struct mfd = {
                 .mark_func = func,
@@ -12098,6 +12525,16 @@ objspace_malloc_prepare(rb_objspace_t *objspace, size_t size)
     return size;
 }
 
+static bool
+malloc_during_gc_p(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
+{
+    /* malloc is not allowed during GC when we're not using multiple ractors
+     * (since ractors can run while another thread is sweeping) and when we
+     * have the GVL (since if we don't have the GVL, we'll try to acquire the
+     * GVL which will block and ensure the other thread finishes GC). */
+    return during_gc && !dont_gc_val() && !rb_multi_ractor_p() && ruby_thread_has_gvl_p();
+}
+
 static inline void *
 objspace_malloc_fixup(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *mem, size_t size)
 {
@@ -12121,10 +12558,16 @@ objspace_malloc_fixup(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *mem, size_t size)
 }
 
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && RUBY_DEBUG
-#define RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR
+#define RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR
+# define RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR 0
 #endif
 
-#ifdef RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR
+#define GC_MEMERROR(...) \
+    ((RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR+0) ? rb_bug("" __VA_ARGS__) : rb_memerror())
+
 #define TRY_WITH_GC(siz, expr) do {                          \
         const gc_profile_record_flag gpr =                   \
             GPR_FLAG_FULL_MARK           |                   \
@@ -12138,29 +12581,27 @@ objspace_malloc_fixup(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *mem, size_t size)
         }                                                    \
         else if (!garbage_collect_with_gvl(objspace, gpr)) { \
             /* @shyouhei thinks this doesn't happen */       \
-            rb_bug("TRY_WITH_GC: could not GC");             \
+            GC_MEMERROR("TRY_WITH_GC: could not GC");        \
         }                                                    \
         else if ((expr)) {                                   \
             /* Success on 2nd try */                         \
         }                                                    \
         else {                                               \
-            rb_bug("TRY_WITH_GC: could not allocate:"        \
-                   "%"PRIdSIZE" bytes for %s",               \
-                   siz, # expr);                             \
+            GC_MEMERROR("TRY_WITH_GC: could not allocate:"   \
+                        "%"PRIdSIZE" bytes for %s",          \
+                        siz, # expr);                        \
         }                                                    \
     } while (0)
-#else
-#define TRY_WITH_GC(siz, alloc) do { \
-        objspace_malloc_gc_stress(objspace); \
-        if (!(alloc) && \
-            (!garbage_collect_with_gvl(objspace, GPR_FLAG_FULL_MARK | \
-                GPR_FLAG_IMMEDIATE_MARK | GPR_FLAG_IMMEDIATE_SWEEP | \
-                GPR_FLAG_MALLOC) || \
-             !(alloc))) { \
-            ruby_memerror(); \
-        } \
-    } while (0)
-#endif
+
+static void
+check_malloc_not_in_gc(rb_objspace_t *objspace, const char *msg)
+{
+    if (UNLIKELY(malloc_during_gc_p(objspace))) {
+        dont_gc_on();
+        during_gc = false;
+        rb_bug("Cannot %s during GC", msg);
+    }
+}
 
 /* these shouldn't be called directly.
  * objspace_* functions do not check allocation size.
@@ -12168,6 +12609,8 @@ objspace_malloc_fixup(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *mem, size_t size)
 static void *
 objspace_xmalloc0(rb_objspace_t *objspace, size_t size)
 {
+    check_malloc_not_in_gc(objspace, "malloc");
+
     void *mem;
 
     size = objspace_malloc_prepare(objspace, size);
@@ -12185,6 +12628,8 @@ xmalloc2_size(const size_t count, const size_t elsize)
 static void *
 objspace_xrealloc(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *ptr, size_t new_size, size_t old_size)
 {
+    check_malloc_not_in_gc(objspace, "realloc");
+
     void *mem;
 
     if (!ptr) return objspace_xmalloc0(objspace, new_size);
@@ -12242,7 +12687,7 @@ objspace_xrealloc(rb_objspace_t *objspace, void *ptr, size_t new_size, size_t ol
 #endif
 
     old_size = objspace_malloc_size(objspace, ptr, old_size);
-    TRY_WITH_GC(new_size, mem = realloc(ptr, new_size));
+    TRY_WITH_GC(new_size, mem = RB_GNUC_EXTENSION_BLOCK(realloc(ptr, new_size)));
     new_size = objspace_malloc_size(objspace, mem, new_size);
 
 #if CALC_EXACT_MALLOC_SIZE
@@ -12422,6 +12867,13 @@ ruby_xmalloc2_body(size_t n, size_t size)
 static void *
 objspace_xcalloc(rb_objspace_t *objspace, size_t size)
 {
+    if (UNLIKELY(malloc_during_gc_p(objspace))) {
+        rb_warn("calloc during GC detected, this could cause crashes if it triggers another GC");
+#if RGENGC_CHECK_MODE || RUBY_DEBUG
+        rb_bug("Cannot calloc during GC");
+#endif
+    }
+
     void *mem;
 
     size = objspace_malloc_prepare(objspace, size);
@@ -12476,8 +12928,16 @@ ruby_xrealloc2_body(void *ptr, size_t n, size_t size)
 void
 ruby_sized_xfree(void *x, size_t size)
 {
-    if (x) {
-        objspace_xfree(&rb_objspace, x, size);
+    if (LIKELY(x)) {
+        /* It's possible for a C extension's pthread destructor function set by pthread_key_create
+         * to be called after ruby_vm_destruct and attempt to free memory. Fall back to mimfree in
+         * that case. */
+        if (LIKELY(GET_VM())) {
+            objspace_xfree(&rb_objspace, x, size);
+        }
+        else {
+            ruby_mimfree(x);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -12639,7 +13099,8 @@ gc_malloc_allocations(VALUE self)
 void
 rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage(ssize_t diff)
 {
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
+    unless_objspace(objspace) { return; }
+
     if (diff > 0) {
         objspace_malloc_increase(objspace, 0, diff, 0, MEMOP_TYPE_REALLOC);
     }
@@ -12649,480 +13110,6 @@ rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage(ssize_t diff)
 }
 
 /*
-  ------------------------------ WeakMap ------------------------------
-*/
-
-struct weakmap {
-    st_table *obj2wmap;		/* obj -> [ref,...] */
-    st_table *wmap2obj;		/* ref -> obj */
-    VALUE final;
-};
-
-#define WMAP_DELETE_DEAD_OBJECT_IN_MARK 0
-
-#if WMAP_DELETE_DEAD_OBJECT_IN_MARK
-static int
-wmap_mark_map(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)arg;
-    VALUE obj = (VALUE)val;
-    if (!is_live_object(objspace, obj)) return ST_DELETE;
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-#endif
-
-static void
-wmap_compact(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w = ptr;
-    if (w->wmap2obj) rb_gc_update_tbl_refs(w->wmap2obj);
-    if (w->obj2wmap) rb_gc_update_tbl_refs(w->obj2wmap);
-    w->final = rb_gc_location(w->final);
-}
-
-static void
-wmap_mark(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w = ptr;
-#if WMAP_DELETE_DEAD_OBJECT_IN_MARK
-    if (w->obj2wmap) st_foreach(w->obj2wmap, wmap_mark_map, (st_data_t)&rb_objspace);
-#endif
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(w->final);
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_free_map(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)val;
-    ruby_sized_xfree(ptr, (ptr[0] + 1) * sizeof(VALUE));
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-static void
-wmap_free(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w = ptr;
-    st_foreach(w->obj2wmap, wmap_free_map, 0);
-    st_free_table(w->obj2wmap);
-    st_free_table(w->wmap2obj);
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_memsize_map(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    VALUE *ptr = (VALUE *)val;
-    *(size_t *)arg += (ptr[0] + 1) * sizeof(VALUE);
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-static size_t
-wmap_memsize(const void *ptr)
-{
-    size_t size;
-    const struct weakmap *w = ptr;
-    size = sizeof(*w);
-    size += st_memsize(w->obj2wmap);
-    size += st_memsize(w->wmap2obj);
-    st_foreach(w->obj2wmap, wmap_memsize_map, (st_data_t)&size);
-    return size;
-}
-
-static const rb_data_type_t weakmap_type = {
-    "weakmap",
-    {
-        wmap_mark,
-        wmap_free,
-        wmap_memsize,
-        wmap_compact,
-    },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
-};
-
-static VALUE wmap_finalize(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(objid, self));
-
-static VALUE
-wmap_allocate(VALUE klass)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    w->obj2wmap = rb_init_identtable();
-    w->wmap2obj = rb_init_identtable();
-    w->final = rb_func_lambda_new(wmap_finalize, obj, 1, 1);
-    return obj;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_live_p(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE obj)
-{
-    if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) return TRUE;
-    /* If is_pointer_to_heap returns false, the page could be in the tomb heap
-     * or have already been freed. */
-    if (!is_pointer_to_heap(objspace, (void *)obj)) return FALSE;
-
-    void *poisoned = asan_unpoison_object_temporary(obj);
-
-    enum ruby_value_type t = BUILTIN_TYPE(obj);
-    int ret = (!(t == T_NONE || t >= T_FIXNUM || t == T_ICLASS) &&
-                is_live_object(objspace, obj));
-
-    if (poisoned) {
-        asan_poison_object(obj);
-    }
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_final_func(st_data_t *key, st_data_t *value, st_data_t arg, int existing)
-{
-    VALUE wmap, *ptr, size, i, j;
-    if (!existing) return ST_STOP;
-    wmap = (VALUE)arg, ptr = (VALUE *)*value;
-    for (i = j = 1, size = ptr[0]; i <= size; ++i) {
-        if (ptr[i] != wmap) {
-            ptr[j++] = ptr[i];
-        }
-    }
-    if (j == 1) {
-        ruby_sized_xfree(ptr, i * sizeof(VALUE));
-        return ST_DELETE;
-    }
-    if (j < i) {
-        SIZED_REALLOC_N(ptr, VALUE, j + 1, i);
-        ptr[0] = j;
-        *value = (st_data_t)ptr;
-    }
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-/* :nodoc: */
-static VALUE
-wmap_finalize(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(objid, self))
-{
-    st_data_t orig, wmap, data;
-    VALUE obj, *rids, i, size;
-    struct weakmap *w;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    /* Get reference from object id. */
-    if ((obj = id2ref_obj_tbl(&rb_objspace, objid)) == Qundef) {
-        rb_bug("wmap_finalize: objid is not found.");
-    }
-
-    /* obj is original referenced object and/or weak reference. */
-    orig = (st_data_t)obj;
-    if (st_delete(w->obj2wmap, &orig, &data)) {
-        rids = (VALUE *)data;
-        size = *rids++;
-        for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
-            wmap = (st_data_t)rids[i];
-            st_delete(w->wmap2obj, &wmap, NULL);
-        }
-        ruby_sized_xfree((VALUE *)data, (size + 1) * sizeof(VALUE));
-    }
-
-    wmap = (st_data_t)obj;
-    if (st_delete(w->wmap2obj, &wmap, &orig)) {
-        wmap = (st_data_t)obj;
-        st_update(w->obj2wmap, orig, wmap_final_func, wmap);
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-
-struct wmap_iter_arg {
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace;
-    VALUE value;
-};
-
-static VALUE
-wmap_inspect_append(rb_objspace_t *objspace, VALUE str, VALUE obj)
-{
-    if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
-        return rb_str_append(str, rb_inspect(obj));
-    }
-    else if (wmap_live_p(objspace, obj)) {
-        return rb_str_append(str, rb_any_to_s(obj));
-    }
-    else {
-        return rb_str_catf(str, "#<collected:%p>", (void*)obj);
-    }
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_inspect_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    struct wmap_iter_arg *argp = (struct wmap_iter_arg *)arg;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = argp->objspace;
-    VALUE str = argp->value;
-    VALUE k = (VALUE)key, v = (VALUE)val;
-
-    if (RSTRING_PTR(str)[0] == '#') {
-        rb_str_cat2(str, ", ");
-    }
-    else {
-        rb_str_cat2(str, ": ");
-        RSTRING_PTR(str)[0] = '#';
-    }
-    wmap_inspect_append(objspace, str, k);
-    rb_str_cat2(str, " => ");
-    wmap_inspect_append(objspace, str, v);
-
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-wmap_inspect(VALUE self)
-{
-    VALUE str;
-    VALUE c = rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(self));
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    struct wmap_iter_arg args;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    str = rb_sprintf("-<%"PRIsVALUE":%p", c, (void *)self);
-    if (w->wmap2obj) {
-        args.objspace = &rb_objspace;
-        args.value = str;
-        st_foreach(w->wmap2obj, wmap_inspect_i, (st_data_t)&args);
-    }
-    RSTRING_PTR(str)[0] = '#';
-    rb_str_cat2(str, ">");
-    return str;
-}
-
-static inline bool
-wmap_live_entry_p(rb_objspace_t *objspace, st_data_t key, st_data_t val)
-{
-    return wmap_live_p(objspace, (VALUE)key) && wmap_live_p(objspace, (VALUE)val);
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_each_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)arg;
-
-    if (wmap_live_entry_p(objspace, key, val)) {
-        rb_yield_values(2, (VALUE)key, (VALUE)val);
-        return ST_CONTINUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return ST_DELETE;
-    }
-}
-
-/* Iterates over keys and objects in a weakly referenced object */
-static VALUE
-wmap_each(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    st_foreach(w->wmap2obj, wmap_each_i, (st_data_t)objspace);
-    return self;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_each_key_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)arg;
-
-    if (wmap_live_entry_p(objspace, key, val)) {
-        rb_yield((VALUE)key);
-        return ST_CONTINUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return ST_DELETE;
-    }
-}
-
-/* Iterates over keys and objects in a weakly referenced object */
-static VALUE
-wmap_each_key(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    st_foreach(w->wmap2obj, wmap_each_key_i, (st_data_t)objspace);
-    return self;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_each_value_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = (rb_objspace_t *)arg;
-
-    if (wmap_live_entry_p(objspace, key, val)) {
-        rb_yield((VALUE)val);
-        return ST_CONTINUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return ST_DELETE;
-    }
-}
-
-/* Iterates over keys and objects in a weakly referenced object */
-static VALUE
-wmap_each_value(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    st_foreach(w->wmap2obj, wmap_each_value_i, (st_data_t)objspace);
-    return self;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_keys_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    struct wmap_iter_arg *argp = (struct wmap_iter_arg *)arg;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = argp->objspace;
-    VALUE ary = argp->value;
-
-    if (wmap_live_entry_p(objspace, key, val)) {
-        rb_ary_push(ary, (VALUE)key);
-        return ST_CONTINUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return ST_DELETE;
-    }
-}
-
-/* Iterates over keys and objects in a weakly referenced object */
-static VALUE
-wmap_keys(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    struct wmap_iter_arg args;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    args.objspace = &rb_objspace;
-    args.value = rb_ary_new();
-    st_foreach(w->wmap2obj, wmap_keys_i, (st_data_t)&args);
-    return args.value;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_values_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t arg)
-{
-    struct wmap_iter_arg *argp = (struct wmap_iter_arg *)arg;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = argp->objspace;
-    VALUE ary = argp->value;
-
-    if (wmap_live_entry_p(objspace, key, val)) {
-        rb_ary_push(ary, (VALUE)val);
-        return ST_CONTINUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return ST_DELETE;
-    }
-}
-
-/* Iterates over values and objects in a weakly referenced object */
-static VALUE
-wmap_values(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    struct wmap_iter_arg args;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    args.objspace = &rb_objspace;
-    args.value = rb_ary_new();
-    st_foreach(w->wmap2obj, wmap_values_i, (st_data_t)&args);
-    return args.value;
-}
-
-static int
-wmap_aset_update(st_data_t *key, st_data_t *val, st_data_t arg, int existing)
-{
-    VALUE size, *ptr, *optr;
-    if (existing) {
-        size = (ptr = optr = (VALUE *)*val)[0];
-        ++size;
-        SIZED_REALLOC_N(ptr, VALUE, size + 1, size);
-    }
-    else {
-        optr = 0;
-        size = 1;
-        ptr = ruby_xmalloc0(2 * sizeof(VALUE));
-    }
-    ptr[0] = size;
-    ptr[size] = (VALUE)arg;
-    if (ptr == optr) return ST_STOP;
-    *val = (st_data_t)ptr;
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
-/* Creates a weak reference from the given key to the given value */
-static VALUE
-wmap_aset(VALUE self, VALUE key, VALUE value)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    if (FL_ABLE(value)) {
-        define_final0(value, w->final);
-    }
-    if (FL_ABLE(key)) {
-        define_final0(key, w->final);
-    }
-
-    st_update(w->obj2wmap, (st_data_t)value, wmap_aset_update, key);
-    st_insert(w->wmap2obj, (st_data_t)key, (st_data_t)value);
-    return nonspecial_obj_id(value);
-}
-
-/* Retrieves a weakly referenced object with the given key */
-static VALUE
-wmap_lookup(VALUE self, VALUE key)
-{
-    st_data_t data;
-    VALUE obj;
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
-    GC_ASSERT(wmap_live_p(objspace, key));
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    if (!st_lookup(w->wmap2obj, (st_data_t)key, &data)) return Qundef;
-    obj = (VALUE)data;
-    if (!wmap_live_p(objspace, obj)) return Qundef;
-    return obj;
-}
-
-/* Retrieves a weakly referenced object with the given key */
-static VALUE
-wmap_aref(VALUE self, VALUE key)
-{
-    VALUE obj = wmap_lookup(self, key);
-    return obj != Qundef ? obj : Qnil;
-}
-
-/* Returns +true+ if +key+ is registered */
-static VALUE
-wmap_has_key(VALUE self, VALUE key)
-{
-    return RBOOL(wmap_lookup(self, key) != Qundef);
-}
-
-/* Returns the number of referenced objects */
-static VALUE
-wmap_size(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct weakmap *w;
-    st_index_t n;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct weakmap, &weakmap_type, w);
-    n = w->wmap2obj->num_entries;
-#if SIZEOF_ST_INDEX_T <= SIZEOF_LONG
-    return ULONG2NUM(n);
-#else
-    return ULL2NUM(n);
-#endif
-}
-
-/*
   ------------------------------ GC profiler ------------------------------
 */
 
@@ -13351,7 +13338,7 @@ gc_prof_set_heap_info(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
 {
     if (gc_prof_enabled(objspace)) {
         gc_profile_record *record = gc_prof_record(objspace);
-        size_t live = objspace->profile.total_allocated_objects_at_gc_start - objspace->profile.total_freed_objects;
+        size_t live = objspace->profile.total_allocated_objects_at_gc_start - total_freed_objects(objspace);
         size_t total = objspace->profile.heap_used_at_gc_start * HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT;
 
 #if GC_PROFILE_MORE_DETAIL
@@ -13370,7 +13357,7 @@ gc_prof_set_heap_info(rb_objspace_t *objspace)
  *  call-seq:
  *    GC::Profiler.clear          -> nil
  *
- *  Clears the GC profiler data.
+ *  Clears the \GC profiler data.
  *
  */
 
@@ -13383,9 +13370,7 @@ gc_profile_clear(VALUE _)
     objspace->profile.size = 0;
     objspace->profile.next_index = 0;
     objspace->profile.current_record = 0;
-    if (p) {
-        free(p);
-    }
+    free(p);
     return Qnil;
 }
 
@@ -13455,7 +13440,7 @@ gc_profile_record_get(VALUE _)
         gc_profile_record *record = &objspace->profile.records[i];
 
         prof = rb_hash_new();
-        rb_hash_aset(prof, ID2SYM(rb_intern("GC_FLAGS")), gc_info_decode(0, rb_hash_new(), record->flags));
+        rb_hash_aset(prof, ID2SYM(rb_intern("GC_FLAGS")), gc_info_decode(objspace, rb_hash_new(), record->flags));
         rb_hash_aset(prof, ID2SYM(rb_intern("GC_TIME")), DBL2NUM(record->gc_time));
         rb_hash_aset(prof, ID2SYM(rb_intern("GC_INVOKE_TIME")), DBL2NUM(record->gc_invoke_time));
         rb_hash_aset(prof, ID2SYM(rb_intern("HEAP_USE_SIZE")), SIZET2NUM(record->heap_use_size));
@@ -13684,7 +13669,7 @@ gc_profile_total_time(VALUE self)
  *  call-seq:
  *    GC::Profiler.enabled?	-> true or false
  *
- *  The current status of GC profile mode.
+ *  The current status of \GC profile mode.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -13698,7 +13683,7 @@ gc_profile_enable_get(VALUE self)
  *  call-seq:
  *    GC::Profiler.enable	-> nil
  *
- *  Starts the GC profiler.
+ *  Starts the \GC profiler.
  *
  */
 
@@ -13715,7 +13700,7 @@ gc_profile_enable(VALUE _)
  *  call-seq:
  *    GC::Profiler.disable	-> nil
  *
- *  Stops the GC profiler.
+ *  Stops the \GC profiler.
  *
  */
 
@@ -13804,11 +13789,10 @@ rb_raw_iseq_info(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const rb_iseq_t *iseq
 {
     if (buff_size > 0 && ISEQ_BODY(iseq) && ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.label && !RB_TYPE_P(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.pathobj, T_MOVED)) {
         VALUE path = rb_iseq_path(iseq);
-        VALUE n = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.first_lineno;
+        int n = ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.first_lineno;
         snprintf(buff, buff_size, " %s@%s:%d",
                  RSTRING_PTR(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.label),
-                 RSTRING_PTR(path),
-                 n ? FIX2INT(n) : 0 );
+                 RSTRING_PTR(path), n);
     }
 }
 
@@ -13850,7 +13834,7 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_common(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALUE obj
         }
     }
     else {
-        const int age = RVALUE_FLAGS_AGE(RBASIC(obj)->flags);
+        const int age = RVALUE_AGE_GET(obj);
 
         if (is_pointer_to_heap(&rb_objspace, (void *)obj)) {
             APPEND_F("%p [%d%s%s%s%s%s%s] %s ",
@@ -13914,13 +13898,12 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_buitin_type(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALU
                          RARRAY_LEN(obj));
             }
             else {
-                APPEND_F("[%s%s%s] len: %ld, capa:%ld ptr:%p",
+                APPEND_F("[%s%s] len: %ld, capa:%ld ptr:%p",
                          C(ARY_EMBED_P(obj),  "E"),
                          C(ARY_SHARED_P(obj), "S"),
-                         C(RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(obj), "T"),
                          RARRAY_LEN(obj),
                          ARY_EMBED_P(obj) ? -1L : RARRAY(obj)->as.heap.aux.capa,
-                         (void *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(obj));
+                         (void *)RARRAY_CONST_PTR(obj));
             }
             break;
           case T_STRING: {
@@ -13951,9 +13934,8 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_buitin_type(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALU
             break;
           }
           case T_HASH: {
-            APPEND_F("[%c%c] %"PRIdSIZE,
+            APPEND_F("[%c] %"PRIdSIZE,
                      RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(obj) ? 'A' : 'S',
-                     RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(obj) ? 'T' : ' ',
                      RHASH_SIZE(obj));
             break;
           }
@@ -13965,7 +13947,7 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_buitin_type(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALU
                     APPEND_F("%s", RSTRING_PTR(class_path));
                 }
                 else {
-                    APPEND_S("(annon)");
+                    APPEND_S("(anon)");
                 }
                 break;
             }
@@ -13979,14 +13961,20 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_buitin_type(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALU
             }
           case T_OBJECT:
             {
-                uint32_t len = ROBJECT_NUMIV(obj);
-
-                if (RANY(obj)->as.basic.flags & ROBJECT_EMBED) {
-                    APPEND_F("(embed) len:%d", len);
+                if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+                    size_t hash_len = rb_st_table_size(ROBJECT_IV_HASH(obj));
+                    APPEND_F("(too_complex) len:%zu", hash_len);
                 }
                 else {
-                    VALUE *ptr = ROBJECT_IVPTR(obj);
-                    APPEND_F("len:%d ptr:%p", len, (void *)ptr);
+                    uint32_t len = ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY(obj);
+
+                    if (RANY(obj)->as.basic.flags & ROBJECT_EMBED) {
+                        APPEND_F("(embed) len:%d", len);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        VALUE *ptr = ROBJECT_IVPTR(obj);
+                        APPEND_F("len:%d ptr:%p", len, (void *)ptr);
+                    }
                 }
             }
             break;
@@ -14021,7 +14009,7 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_buitin_type(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALU
                 {
                     const rb_method_entry_t *me = &RANY(obj)->as.imemo.ment;
 
-                    APPEND_F(":%s (%s%s%s%s) type:%s alias:%d owner:%p defined_class:%p",
+                    APPEND_F(":%s (%s%s%s%s) type:%s aliased:%d owner:%p defined_class:%p",
                              rb_id2name(me->called_id),
                              METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(me) == METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC ?  "pub" :
                              METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(me) == METHOD_VISI_PRIVATE ? "pri" : "pro",
@@ -14029,7 +14017,7 @@ rb_raw_obj_info_buitin_type(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, const VALU
                              METHOD_ENTRY_CACHED(me) ? ",cc" : "",
                              METHOD_ENTRY_INVALIDATED(me) ? ",inv" : "",
                              me->def ? rb_method_type_name(me->def->type) : "NULL",
-                             me->def ? me->def->alias_count : -1,
+                             me->def ? me->def->aliased : -1,
                              (void *)me->owner, // obj_info(me->owner),
                              (void *)me->defined_class); //obj_info(me->defined_class)));
 
@@ -14143,7 +14131,7 @@ obj_info(VALUE obj)
 }
 #endif
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED const char *
+const char *
 rb_obj_info(VALUE obj)
 {
     return obj_info(obj);
@@ -14156,7 +14144,7 @@ rb_obj_info_dump(VALUE obj)
     fprintf(stderr, "rb_obj_info_dump: %s\n", rb_raw_obj_info(buff, 0x100, obj));
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED void
+void
 rb_obj_info_dump_loc(VALUE obj, const char *file, int line, const char *func)
 {
     char buff[0x100];
@@ -14188,14 +14176,14 @@ rb_gcdebug_print_obj_condition(VALUE obj)
 
     fprintf(stderr, "marked?      : %s\n", MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_MARK_BITS(obj), obj) ? "true" : "false");
     fprintf(stderr, "pinned?      : %s\n", MARKED_IN_BITMAP(GET_HEAP_PINNED_BITS(obj), obj) ? "true" : "false");
-    fprintf(stderr, "age?         : %d\n", RVALUE_AGE(obj));
+    fprintf(stderr, "age?         : %d\n", RVALUE_AGE_GET(obj));
     fprintf(stderr, "old?         : %s\n", RVALUE_OLD_P(obj) ? "true" : "false");
     fprintf(stderr, "WB-protected?: %s\n", RVALUE_WB_UNPROTECTED(obj) ? "false" : "true");
     fprintf(stderr, "remembered?  : %s\n", RVALUE_REMEMBERED(obj) ? "true" : "false");
 
     if (is_lazy_sweeping(objspace)) {
         fprintf(stderr, "lazy sweeping?: true\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "swept?: %s\n", is_swept_object(objspace, obj) ? "done" : "not yet");
+        fprintf(stderr, "swept?: %s\n", is_swept_object(obj) ? "done" : "not yet");
     }
     else {
         fprintf(stderr, "lazy sweeping?: false\n");
@@ -14217,7 +14205,6 @@ rb_gcdebug_sentinel(VALUE obj, const char *name)
 
 #endif /* GC_DEBUG */
 
-#if GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    GC.add_stress_to_class(class[, ...])
@@ -14231,7 +14218,7 @@ rb_gcdebug_add_stress_to_class(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     rb_objspace_t *objspace = &rb_objspace;
 
     if (!stress_to_class) {
-        stress_to_class = rb_ary_hidden_new(argc);
+        set_stress_to_class(rb_ary_hidden_new(argc));
     }
     rb_ary_cat(stress_to_class, argv, argc);
     return self;
@@ -14256,12 +14243,11 @@ rb_gcdebug_remove_stress_to_class(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
             rb_ary_delete_same(stress_to_class, argv[i]);
         }
         if (RARRAY_LEN(stress_to_class) == 0) {
-            stress_to_class = 0;
+            set_stress_to_class(0);
         }
     }
     return Qnil;
 }
-#endif
 
 /*
  * Document-module: ObjectSpace
@@ -14291,16 +14277,6 @@ rb_gcdebug_remove_stress_to_class(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *     Finalizer one on 537763480
  */
 
-/*
- *  Document-class: ObjectSpace::WeakMap
- *
- *  An ObjectSpace::WeakMap object holds references to
- *  any objects, but those objects can get garbage collected.
- *
- *  This class is mostly used internally by WeakRef, please use
- *  +lib/weakref.rb+ for the public interface.
- */
-
 /*  Document-class: GC::Profiler
  *
  *  The GC profiler provides access to information on GC runs including time,
@@ -14325,6 +14301,8 @@ void
 Init_GC(void)
 {
 #undef rb_intern
+    malloc_offset = gc_compute_malloc_offset();
+
     VALUE rb_mObjSpace;
     VALUE rb_mProfiler;
     VALUE gc_constants;
@@ -14333,15 +14311,20 @@ Init_GC(void)
 
     gc_constants = rb_hash_new();
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("DEBUG")), RBOOL(GC_DEBUG));
-    rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("BASE_SLOT_SIZE")), SIZET2NUM(BASE_SLOT_SIZE));
+    rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("BASE_SLOT_SIZE")), SIZET2NUM(BASE_SLOT_SIZE - RVALUE_OVERHEAD));
+    rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("RVALUE_OVERHEAD")), SIZET2NUM(RVALUE_OVERHEAD));
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("RVALUE_SIZE")), SIZET2NUM(sizeof(RVALUE)));
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT")), SIZET2NUM(HEAP_PAGE_OBJ_LIMIT));
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE")), SIZET2NUM(HEAP_PAGE_BITMAP_SIZE));
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("HEAP_PAGE_SIZE")), SIZET2NUM(HEAP_PAGE_SIZE));
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("SIZE_POOL_COUNT")), LONG2FIX(SIZE_POOL_COUNT));
     rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("RVARGC_MAX_ALLOCATE_SIZE")), LONG2FIX(size_pool_slot_size(SIZE_POOL_COUNT - 1)));
+    rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("RVALUE_OLD_AGE")), LONG2FIX(RVALUE_OLD_AGE));
+    if (RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR+0) {
+        rb_hash_aset(gc_constants, ID2SYM(rb_intern("RB_BUG_INSTEAD_OF_RB_MEMERROR")), Qtrue);
+    }
     OBJ_FREEZE(gc_constants);
-    /* internal constants */
+    /* Internal constants in the garbage collector. */
     rb_define_const(rb_mGC, "INTERNAL_CONSTANTS", gc_constants);
 
     rb_mProfiler = rb_define_module_under(rb_mGC, "Profiler");
@@ -14370,29 +14353,8 @@ Init_GC(void)
 
     rb_define_module_function(rb_mObjSpace, "count_objects", count_objects, -1);
 
-    {
-        VALUE rb_cWeakMap = rb_define_class_under(rb_mObjSpace, "WeakMap", rb_cObject);
-        rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cWeakMap, wmap_allocate);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "[]=", wmap_aset, 2);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "[]", wmap_aref, 1);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "include?", wmap_has_key, 1);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "member?", wmap_has_key, 1);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "key?", wmap_has_key, 1);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "inspect", wmap_inspect, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "each", wmap_each, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "each_pair", wmap_each, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "each_key", wmap_each_key, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "each_value", wmap_each_value, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "keys", wmap_keys, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "values", wmap_values, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "size", wmap_size, 0);
-        rb_define_method(rb_cWeakMap, "length", wmap_size, 0);
-        rb_include_module(rb_cWeakMap, rb_mEnumerable);
-    }
-
     /* internal methods */
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "verify_internal_consistency", gc_verify_internal_consistency_m, 0);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "verify_transient_heap_internal_consistency", gc_verify_transient_heap_internal_consistency, 0);
 #if MALLOC_ALLOCATED_SIZE
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "malloc_allocated_size", gc_malloc_allocated_size, 0);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "malloc_allocations", gc_malloc_allocations, 0);
@@ -14413,14 +14375,14 @@ Init_GC(void)
         rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "verify_compaction_references", rb_f_notimplement, -1);
     }
 
-#if GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS
-    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "add_stress_to_class", rb_gcdebug_add_stress_to_class, -1);
-    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "remove_stress_to_class", rb_gcdebug_remove_stress_to_class, -1);
-#endif
+    if (GC_DEBUG_STRESS_TO_CLASS) {
+        rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "add_stress_to_class", rb_gcdebug_add_stress_to_class, -1);
+        rb_define_singleton_method(rb_mGC, "remove_stress_to_class", rb_gcdebug_remove_stress_to_class, -1);
+    }
 
     {
         VALUE opts;
-        /* GC build options */
+        /* \GC build options */
         rb_define_const(rb_mGC, "OPTS", opts = rb_ary_new());
 #define OPT(o) if (o) rb_ary_push(opts, rb_fstring_lit(#o))
         OPT(GC_DEBUG);
diff --git a/gc.h b/gc.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3d863fce8a..0000000000
--- a/gc.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef RUBY_GC_H
-#define RUBY_GC_H 1
-#include "ruby/ruby.h"
-
-#if defined(__x86_64__) && !defined(_ILP32) && defined(__GNUC__)
-#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("movq\t%%rsp, %0" : "=r" (*(p)))
-#elif defined(__i386) && defined(__GNUC__)
-#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("movl\t%%esp, %0" : "=r" (*(p)))
-#elif (defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_AIX)
-#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("mr\t%0, %%r1" : "=r" (*(p)))
-#elif (defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && defined(_AIX)
-#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("mr %0,1" : "=r" (*(p)))
-#elif defined(__aarch64__) && defined(__GNUC__)
-#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("mov\t%0, sp" : "=r" (*(p)))
-#else
-NOINLINE(void rb_gc_set_stack_end(VALUE **stack_end_p));
-#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) rb_gc_set_stack_end(p)
-#define USE_CONSERVATIVE_STACK_END
-#endif
-
-#define RB_GC_SAVE_MACHINE_CONTEXT(th)				\
-    do {							\
-        FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS;					\
-        setjmp((th)->ec->machine.regs);				\
-        SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(&(th)->ec->machine.stack_end);	\
-    } while (0)
-
-/* for GC debug */
-
-#ifndef RUBY_MARK_FREE_DEBUG
-#define RUBY_MARK_FREE_DEBUG 0
-#endif
-
-#if RUBY_MARK_FREE_DEBUG
-extern int ruby_gc_debug_indent;
-
-static inline void
-rb_gc_debug_indent(void)
-{
-    ruby_debug_printf("%*s", ruby_gc_debug_indent, "");
-}
-
-static inline void
-rb_gc_debug_body(const char *mode, const char *msg, int st, void *ptr)
-{
-    if (st == 0) {
-        ruby_gc_debug_indent--;
-    }
-    rb_gc_debug_indent();
-    ruby_debug_printf("%s: %s %s (%p)\n", mode, st ? "->" : "<-", msg, ptr);
-
-    if (st) {
-        ruby_gc_debug_indent++;
-    }
-
-    fflush(stdout);
-}
-
-#define RUBY_MARK_ENTER(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("mark", (msg), 1, ptr)
-#define RUBY_MARK_LEAVE(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("mark", (msg), 0, ptr)
-#define RUBY_FREE_ENTER(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("free", (msg), 1, ptr)
-#define RUBY_FREE_LEAVE(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("free", (msg), 0, ptr)
-#define RUBY_GC_INFO         rb_gc_debug_indent(), ruby_debug_printf
-
-#else
-#define RUBY_MARK_ENTER(msg)
-#define RUBY_MARK_LEAVE(msg)
-#define RUBY_FREE_ENTER(msg)
-#define RUBY_FREE_LEAVE(msg)
-#define RUBY_GC_INFO if(0)printf
-#endif
-
-#define RUBY_MARK_MOVABLE_UNLESS_NULL(ptr) do { \
-    VALUE markobj = (ptr); \
-    if (RTEST(markobj)) {rb_gc_mark_movable(markobj);} \
-} while (0)
-#define RUBY_MARK_UNLESS_NULL(ptr) do { \
-    VALUE markobj = (ptr); \
-    if (RTEST(markobj)) {rb_gc_mark(markobj);} \
-} while (0)
-#define RUBY_FREE_UNLESS_NULL(ptr) if(ptr){ruby_xfree(ptr);(ptr)=NULL;}
-
-#if STACK_GROW_DIRECTION > 0
-# define STACK_UPPER(x, a, b) (a)
-#elif STACK_GROW_DIRECTION < 0
-# define STACK_UPPER(x, a, b) (b)
-#else
-RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_stack_grow_direction;
-int ruby_get_stack_grow_direction(volatile VALUE *addr);
-# define stack_growup_p(x) (			\
-        (ruby_stack_grow_direction ?		\
-         ruby_stack_grow_direction :		\
-         ruby_get_stack_grow_direction(x)) > 0)
-# define STACK_UPPER(x, a, b) (stack_growup_p(x) ? (a) : (b))
-#endif
-
-/*
-  STACK_GROW_DIR_DETECTION is used with STACK_DIR_UPPER.
-
-  On most normal systems, stacks grow from high address to lower address. In
-  this case, STACK_DIR_UPPER(a, b) will return (b), but on exotic systems where
-  the stack grows UP (from low address to high address), it will return (a).
-*/
-
-#if STACK_GROW_DIRECTION
-#define STACK_GROW_DIR_DETECTION
-#define STACK_DIR_UPPER(a,b) STACK_UPPER(0, (a), (b))
-#else
-#define STACK_GROW_DIR_DETECTION VALUE stack_grow_dir_detection
-#define STACK_DIR_UPPER(a,b) STACK_UPPER(&stack_grow_dir_detection, (a), (b))
-#endif
-#define IS_STACK_DIR_UPPER() STACK_DIR_UPPER(1,0)
-
-const char *rb_obj_info(VALUE obj);
-const char *rb_raw_obj_info(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, VALUE obj);
-
-VALUE rb_gc_disable_no_rest(void);
-
-struct rb_thread_struct;
-
-RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
-
-/* exports for objspace module */
-size_t rb_objspace_data_type_memsize(VALUE obj);
-void rb_objspace_reachable_objects_from(VALUE obj, void (func)(VALUE, void *), void *data);
-void rb_objspace_reachable_objects_from_root(void (func)(const char *category, VALUE, void *), void *data);
-int rb_objspace_markable_object_p(VALUE obj);
-int rb_objspace_internal_object_p(VALUE obj);
-int rb_objspace_marked_object_p(VALUE obj);
-
-void rb_objspace_each_objects(
-    int (*callback)(void *start, void *end, size_t stride, void *data),
-    void *data);
-
-void rb_objspace_each_objects_without_setup(
-    int (*callback)(void *, void *, size_t, void *),
-    void *data);
-
-size_t rb_gc_obj_slot_size(VALUE obj);
-
-RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
-
-#endif /* RUBY_GC_H */
diff --git a/gc.rb b/gc.rb
index 9144a96603..c9c985b994 100644
--- a/gc.rb
+++ b/gc.rb
@@ -1,39 +1,45 @@
 # for gc.c
 
-#  The GC module provides an interface to Ruby's mark and
+#  The \GC module provides an interface to Ruby's mark and
 #  sweep garbage collection mechanism.
 #
 #  Some of the underlying methods are also available via the ObjectSpace
 #  module.
 #
-#  You may obtain information about the operation of the GC through
+#  You may obtain information about the operation of the \GC through
 #  GC::Profiler.
 module GC
 
-  #  call-seq:
-  #     GC.start                     -> nil
-  #     ObjectSpace.garbage_collect  -> nil
-  #     include GC; garbage_collect  -> nil
-  #     GC.start(full_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true)           -> nil
-  #     ObjectSpace.garbage_collect(full_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true) -> nil
-  #     include GC; garbage_collect(full_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true) -> nil
-  #
-  #  Initiates garbage collection, even if manually disabled.
-  #
-  #  This method is defined with keyword arguments that default to true:
-  #
-  #     def GC.start(full_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true); end
-  #
-  #  Use full_mark: false to perform a minor GC.
-  #  Use immediate_sweep: false to defer sweeping (use lazy sweep).
-  #
-  #  Note: These keyword arguments are implementation and version dependent. They
-  #  are not guaranteed to be future-compatible, and may be ignored if the
-  #  underlying implementation does not support them.
+  # Initiates garbage collection, even if manually disabled.
+  #
+  # The +full_mark+ keyword argument determines whether or not to perform a
+  # major garbage collection cycle. When set to +true+, a major garbage
+  # collection cycle is ran, meaning all objects are marked. When set to
+  # +false+, a minor garbage collection cycle is ran, meaning only young
+  # objects are marked.
+  #
+  # The +immediate_mark+ keyword argument determines whether or not to perform
+  # incremental marking. When set to +true+, marking is completed during the
+  # call to this method. When set to +false+, marking is performed in steps
+  # that is interleaved with future Ruby code execution, so marking might not
+  # be completed during this method call. Note that if +full_mark+ is +false+
+  # then marking will always be immediate, regardless of the value of
+  # +immediate_mark+.
+  #
+  # The +immedate_sweep+ keyword argument determines whether or not to defer
+  # sweeping (using lazy sweep). When set to +true+, sweeping is performed in
+  # steps that is interleaved with future Ruby code execution, so sweeping might
+  # not be completed during this method call. When set to +false+, sweeping is
+  # completed during the call to this method.
+  #
+  # Note: These keyword arguments are implementation and version dependent. They
+  # are not guaranteed to be future-compatible, and may be ignored if the
+  # underlying implementation does not support them.
   def self.start full_mark: true, immediate_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true
     Primitive.gc_start_internal full_mark, immediate_mark, immediate_sweep, false
   end
 
+  # Alias of GC.start
   def garbage_collect full_mark: true, immediate_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true
     Primitive.gc_start_internal full_mark, immediate_mark, immediate_sweep, false
   end
@@ -67,7 +73,7 @@ module GC
   #  call-seq:
   #    GC.stress	    -> integer, true or false
   #
-  #  Returns current status of GC stress mode.
+  #  Returns current status of \GC stress mode.
   def self.stress
     Primitive.gc_stress_get
   end
@@ -75,9 +81,9 @@ module GC
   #  call-seq:
   #    GC.stress = flag          -> flag
   #
-  #  Updates the GC stress mode.
+  #  Updates the \GC stress mode.
   #
-  #  When stress mode is enabled, the GC is invoked at every GC opportunity:
+  #  When stress mode is enabled, the \GC is invoked at every \GC opportunity:
   #  all memory and object allocations.
   #
   #  Enabling stress mode will degrade performance, it is only for debugging.
@@ -93,9 +99,9 @@ module GC
   #  call-seq:
   #     GC.count -> Integer
   #
-  #  The number of times GC occurred.
+  #  The number of times \GC occurred.
   #
-  #  It returns the number of times GC occurred since the process started.
+  #  It returns the number of times \GC occurred since the process started.
   def self.count
     Primitive.gc_count
   end
@@ -105,12 +111,12 @@ module GC
   #     GC.stat(hash) -> Hash
   #     GC.stat(:key) -> Numeric
   #
-  #  Returns a Hash containing information about the GC.
+  #  Returns a Hash containing information about the \GC.
   #
   #  The contents of the hash are implementation specific and may change in
   #  the future without notice.
   #
-  #  The hash includes information about internal statistics about GC such as:
+  #  The hash includes information about internal statistics about \GC such as:
   #
   #  [count]
   #    The total number of garbage collections ran since application start
@@ -118,14 +124,14 @@ module GC
   #  [time]
   #    The total time spent in garbage collections (in milliseconds)
   #  [heap_allocated_pages]
-  #    The total number of `:heap_eden_pages` + `:heap_tomb_pages`
+  #    The total number of +:heap_eden_pages+ + +:heap_tomb_pages+
   #  [heap_sorted_length]
   #    The number of pages that can fit into the buffer that holds references to
   #    all pages
   #  [heap_allocatable_pages]
-  #    The total number of pages the application could allocate without additional GC
+  #    The total number of pages the application could allocate without additional \GC
   #  [heap_available_slots]
-  #    The total number of slots in all `:heap_allocated_pages`
+  #    The total number of slots in all +:heap_allocated_pages+
   #  [heap_live_slots]
   #    The total number of slots which contain live objects
   #  [heap_free_slots]
@@ -133,7 +139,7 @@ module GC
   #  [heap_final_slots]
   #    The total number of slots with pending finalizers to be run
   #  [heap_marked_slots]
-  #    The total number of objects marked in the last GC
+  #    The total number of objects marked in the last \GC
   #  [heap_eden_pages]
   #    The total number of pages which contain at least one live slot
   #  [heap_tomb_pages]
@@ -147,9 +153,9 @@ module GC
   #  [total_freed_objects]
   #    The cumulative number of objects freed since application start
   #  [malloc_increase_bytes]
-  #    Amount of memory allocated on the heap for objects. Decreased by any GC
+  #    Amount of memory allocated on the heap for objects. Decreased by any \GC
   #  [malloc_increase_bytes_limit]
-  #    When `:malloc_increase_bytes` crosses this limit, GC is triggered
+  #    When +:malloc_increase_bytes+ crosses this limit, \GC is triggered
   #  [minor_gc_count]
   #    The total number of minor garbage collections run since process start
   #  [major_gc_count]
@@ -164,16 +170,16 @@ module GC
   #  [remembered_wb_unprotected_objects]
   #    The total number of objects without write barriers
   #  [remembered_wb_unprotected_objects_limit]
-  #    When `:remembered_wb_unprotected_objects` crosses this limit,
-  #    major GC is triggered
+  #    When +:remembered_wb_unprotected_objects+ crosses this limit,
+  #    major \GC is triggered
   #  [old_objects]
   #    Number of live, old objects which have survived at least 3 garbage collections
   #  [old_objects_limit]
-  #    When `:old_objects` crosses this limit, major GC is triggered
+  #    When +:old_objects+ crosses this limit, major \GC is triggered
   #  [oldmalloc_increase_bytes]
-  #    Amount of memory allocated on the heap for objects. Decreased by major GC
+  #    Amount of memory allocated on the heap for objects. Decreased by major \GC
   #  [oldmalloc_increase_bytes_limit]
-  #    When `:old_malloc_increase_bytes` crosses this limit, major GC is triggered
+  #    When +:old_malloc_increase_bytes+ crosses this limit, major \GC is triggered
   #
   #  If the optional argument, hash, is given,
   #  it is overwritten and returned.
@@ -191,19 +197,18 @@ module GC
   #    GC.stat_heap(heap_name, hash) -> Hash
   #    GC.stat_heap(heap_name, :key) -> Numeric
   #
-  # Returns information for memory pools in the GC.
+  # Returns information for heaps in the \GC.
   #
   # If the first optional argument, +heap_name+, is passed in and not +nil+, it
-  # returns a +Hash+ containing information about the particular memory pool.
-  # Otherwise, it will return a +Hash+ with memory pool names as keys and
-  # a +Hash+ containing information about the memory pool as values.
+  # returns a +Hash+ containing information about the particular heap.
+  # Otherwise, it will return a +Hash+ with heap names as keys and
+  # a +Hash+ containing information about the heap as values.
   #
   # If the second optional argument, +hash_or_key+, is given as +Hash+, it will
   # be overwritten and returned. This is intended to avoid the probe effect.
   #
   # If both optional arguments are passed in and the second optional argument is
-  # a symbol, it will return a +Numeric+ of the value for the particular memory
-  # pool.
+  # a symbol, it will return a +Numeric+ of the value for the particular heap.
   #
   # On CRuby, +heap_name+ is of the type +Integer+ but may be of type +String+
   # on other implementations.
@@ -214,16 +219,46 @@ module GC
   # If the optional argument, hash, is given, it is overwritten and returned.
   #
   # This method is only expected to work on CRuby.
+  #
+  # The hash includes the following keys about the internal information in
+  # the \GC:
+  #
+  # [slot_size]
+  #   The slot size of the heap in bytes.
+  # [heap_allocatable_pages]
+  #   The number of pages that can be allocated without triggering a new
+  #   garbage collection cycle.
+  # [heap_eden_pages]
+  #   The number of pages in the eden heap.
+  # [heap_eden_slots]
+  #   The total number of slots in all of the pages in the eden heap.
+  # [heap_tomb_pages]
+  #   The number of pages in the tomb heap. The tomb heap only contains pages
+  #   that do not have any live objects.
+  # [heap_tomb_slots]
+  #   The total number of slots in all of the pages in the tomb heap.
+  # [total_allocated_pages]
+  #   The total number of pages that have been allocated in the heap.
+  # [total_freed_pages]
+  #   The total number of pages that have been freed and released back to the
+  #   system in the heap.
+  # [force_major_gc_count]
+  #   The number of times major garbage collection cycles this heap has forced
+  #   to start due to running out of free slots.
+  # [force_incremental_marking_finish_count]
+  #   The number of times this heap has forced incremental marking to complete
+  #   due to running out of pooled slots.
+  #
   def self.stat_heap heap_name = nil, hash_or_key = nil
     Primitive.gc_stat_heap heap_name, hash_or_key
   end
 
-  #  call-seq:
-  #     GC.latest_gc_info -> {:gc_by=>:newobj}
+  # call-seq:
+  #     GC.latest_gc_info -> hash
   #     GC.latest_gc_info(hash) -> hash
   #     GC.latest_gc_info(:major_by) -> :malloc
   #
-  #  Returns information about the most recent garbage collection.
+  # Returns information about the most recent garbage collection.
   #
   # If the optional argument, hash, is given,
   # it is overwritten and returned.
@@ -244,7 +279,7 @@ module GC
     #
     # This function expands the heap to ensure room to move all objects,
     # compacts the heap to make sure everything moves, updates all references,
-    # then performs a full GC.  If any object contains a reference to a T_MOVED
+    # then performs a full \GC.  If any object contains a reference to a T_MOVED
     # object, that object should be pushed on the mark stack, and will
     # make a SEGV.
     def self.verify_compaction_references(toward: nil, double_heap: false, expand_heap: false)
@@ -253,21 +288,11 @@ module GC
   end
 
   # call-seq:
-  #     GC.using_rvargc? -> true or false
-  #
-  # Returns true if using experimental feature Variable Width Allocation, false
-  # otherwise.
-  def self.using_rvargc? # :nodoc:
-    GC::INTERNAL_CONSTANTS[:SIZE_POOL_COUNT] > 1
-  end
-
-
-  # call-seq:
   #    GC.measure_total_time = true/false
   #
-  # Enable to measure GC time.
+  # Enable to measure \GC time.
   # You can get the result with <tt>GC.stat(:time)</tt>.
-  # Note that GC time measurement can cause some performance overhead.
+  # Note that \GC time measurement can cause some performance overhead.
   def self.measure_total_time=(flag)
     Primitive.cstmt! %{
       rb_objspace.flags.measure_gc = RTEST(flag) ? TRUE : FALSE;
@@ -289,15 +314,16 @@ module GC
   # call-seq:
   #    GC.total_time -> int
   #
-  # Return measured GC total time in nano seconds.
+  # Return measured \GC total time in nano seconds.
   def self.total_time
     Primitive.cexpr! %{
-      ULL2NUM(rb_objspace.profile.total_time_ns)
+      ULL2NUM(rb_objspace.profile.marking_time_ns + rb_objspace.profile.sweeping_time_ns)
     }
   end
 end
 
 module ObjectSpace
+  # Alias of GC.start
   def garbage_collect full_mark: true, immediate_mark: true, immediate_sweep: true
     Primitive.gc_start_internal full_mark, immediate_mark, immediate_sweep, false
   end
diff --git a/gem_prelude.rb b/gem_prelude.rb
index f382021ca3..bcd2560fab 100644
--- a/gem_prelude.rb
+++ b/gem_prelude.rb
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ rescue LoadError => e
   raise unless e.path == 'rubygems'
 
   warn "`RubyGems' were not loaded."
+else
+  require 'bundled_gems'
 end if defined?(Gem)
 
 begin
diff --git a/gems/bundled_gems b/gems/bundled_gems
index be637125fb..ae0a1acc3d 100644
--- a/gems/bundled_gems
+++ b/gems/bundled_gems
@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
-# gem-name version-to-bundle repository-url [optional-commit-hash-to-test-or-defaults-to-v-version]
-minitest        5.16.3  https://github.com/seattlerb/minitest
-power_assert    2.0.1   https://github.com/ruby/power_assert
-rake            13.0.6  https://github.com/ruby/rake
-test-unit       3.5.3   https://github.com/test-unit/test-unit
-rexml           3.2.5   https://github.com/ruby/rexml
-rss             0.2.9   https://github.com/ruby/rss
-net-ftp         0.1.3   https://github.com/ruby/net-ftp
-net-imap        0.2.3   https://github.com/ruby/net-imap
-net-pop         0.1.1   https://github.com/ruby/net-pop
-net-smtp        0.3.1   https://github.com/ruby/net-smtp
+# gem-name version repository-url [revision]
+#
+# - gem-name: gem name to bundle
+# - version: released version to bundle
+# - repository-url: URL from where clone for test
+# - revision: revision in repository-url to test
+#   if `revision` is not given, "v"+`version` or `version` will be used.
+minitest        5.20.0  https://github.com/minitest/minitest
+power_assert    2.0.3   https://github.com/ruby/power_assert
+rake            13.1.0  https://github.com/ruby/rake
+test-unit       3.6.1   https://github.com/test-unit/test-unit
+rexml           3.2.6   https://github.com/ruby/rexml
+rss             0.3.0   https://github.com/ruby/rss
+net-ftp         0.3.4   https://github.com/ruby/net-ftp
+net-imap        0.4.9.1   https://github.com/ruby/net-imap
+net-pop         0.1.2   https://github.com/ruby/net-pop
+net-smtp        0.4.0.1   https://github.com/ruby/net-smtp
 matrix          0.4.2   https://github.com/ruby/matrix
 prime           0.1.2   https://github.com/ruby/prime
-rbs             2.6.0   https://github.com/ruby/rbs             5ec9d53efe4bf0a97f33c3016aed430be135583a
-typeprof        0.21.3  https://github.com/ruby/typeprof
-debug           1.6.2   https://github.com/ruby/debug           e7c37486ff9579251e5d25645b8d38ec96708f12
+rbs             3.4.0   https://github.com/ruby/rbs
+typeprof        0.21.9  https://github.com/ruby/typeprof
+debug           1.9.1   https://github.com/ruby/debug
+racc            1.7.3   https://github.com/ruby/racc
diff --git a/gems/lib/core_assertions.rb b/gems/lib/core_assertions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7334063885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gems/lib/core_assertions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+require_relative "../../tool/lib/core_assertions.rb"
diff --git a/gems/lib/rake/extensiontask.rb b/gems/lib/rake/extensiontask.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa668935fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gems/lib/rake/extensiontask.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module Rake
+  class ExtensionTask < TaskLib
+    def initialize(...)
+      task :compile do |args|
+        puts "Dummy `compile` task defined in #{__FILE__}"
+        puts "#{args.name} => #{args.prereqs.join(' ')}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/hash.c b/hash.c
index 8c20791ede..b15d856ee1 100644
--- a/hash.c
+++ b/hash.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/array.h"
 #include "internal/bignum.h"
+#include "internal/basic_operators.h"
 #include "internal/class.h"
 #include "internal/cont.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
@@ -43,17 +44,33 @@
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 #include "ruby_assert.h"
 #include "symbol.h"
-#include "transient_heap.h"
 #include "ruby/thread_native.h"
 #include "ruby/ractor.h"
 #include "vm_sync.h"
 
+/* Flags of RHash
+ *
+ * 1:     RHASH_PASS_AS_KEYWORDS
+ *            The hash is flagged as Ruby 2 keywords hash.
+ * 2:     RHASH_PROC_DEFAULT
+ *            The hash has a default proc (rather than a default value).
+ * 3:     RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG
+ *            The hash uses a ST table (rather than an AR table).
+ * 4-7:   RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_MASK
+ *            The size of the AR table.
+ * 8-11:  RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_MASK
+ *            The bounds of the AR table.
+ * 13-19: RHASH_LEV_MASK
+ *            The iterational level of the hash. Used to prevent modifications
+ *            to the hash during interation.
+ */
+
 #ifndef HASH_DEBUG
 #define HASH_DEBUG 0
 #endif
 
 #if HASH_DEBUG
-#include "gc.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #endif
 
 #define SET_DEFAULT(hash, ifnone) ( \
@@ -93,9 +110,11 @@ rb_hash_freeze(VALUE hash)
 VALUE rb_cHash;
 
 static VALUE envtbl;
-static ID id_hash, id_default, id_flatten_bang;
+static ID id_hash, id_flatten_bang;
 static ID id_hash_iter_lev;
 
+#define id_default idDefault
+
 VALUE
 rb_hash_set_ifnone(VALUE hash, VALUE ifnone)
 {
@@ -103,7 +122,7 @@ rb_hash_set_ifnone(VALUE hash, VALUE ifnone)
     return hash;
 }
 
-static int
+int
 rb_any_cmp(VALUE a, VALUE b)
 {
     if (a == b) return 0;
@@ -111,7 +130,7 @@ rb_any_cmp(VALUE a, VALUE b)
         RB_TYPE_P(b, T_STRING) && RBASIC(b)->klass == rb_cString) {
         return rb_str_hash_cmp(a, b);
     }
-    if (a == Qundef || b == Qundef) return -1;
+    if (UNDEF_P(a) || UNDEF_P(b)) return -1;
     if (SYMBOL_P(a) && SYMBOL_P(b)) {
         return a != b;
     }
@@ -195,7 +214,7 @@ obj_any_hash(VALUE obj)
 {
     VALUE hval = rb_check_funcall_basic_kw(obj, id_hash, rb_mKernel, 0, 0, 0);
 
-    if (hval == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(hval)) {
         hval = rb_exec_recursive_outer_mid(hash_recursive, obj, 0, id_hash);
     }
 
@@ -218,7 +237,7 @@ obj_any_hash(VALUE obj)
     return FIX2LONG(hval);
 }
 
-static st_index_t
+st_index_t
 rb_any_hash(VALUE a)
 {
     return any_hash(a, obj_any_hash);
@@ -362,12 +381,10 @@ typedef st_index_t st_hash_t;
 
 /*
  * RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(h):
- * * as.ar == NULL or
- *   as.ar points ar_table.
- * * as.ar is allocated by transient heap or xmalloc.
+ *   RHASH_AR_TABLE points to ar_table.
  *
  * !RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(h):
- * * as.st points st_table.
+ *   RHASH_ST_TABLE points st_table.
  */
 
 #define RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND     RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE
@@ -375,22 +392,6 @@ typedef st_index_t st_hash_t;
 #define RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, n) (&RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash)->pairs[n])
 #define RHASH_AR_CLEARED_HINT 0xff
 
-typedef struct ar_table_pair_struct {
-    VALUE key;
-    VALUE val;
-} ar_table_pair;
-
-typedef struct ar_table_struct {
-    /* 64bit CPU: 8B * 2 * 8 = 128B */
-    ar_table_pair pairs[RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE];
-} ar_table;
-
-size_t
-rb_hash_ar_table_size(void)
-{
-    return sizeof(ar_table);
-}
-
 static inline st_hash_t
 ar_do_hash(st_data_t key)
 {
@@ -406,13 +407,13 @@ ar_do_hash_hint(st_hash_t hash_value)
 static inline ar_hint_t
 ar_hint(VALUE hash, unsigned int index)
 {
-    return RHASH(hash)->ar_hint.ary[index];
+    return RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash)->ar_hint.ary[index];
 }
 
 static inline void
 ar_hint_set_hint(VALUE hash, unsigned int index, ar_hint_t hint)
 {
-    RHASH(hash)->ar_hint.ary[index] = hint;
+    RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash)->ar_hint.ary[index] = hint;
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -437,7 +438,7 @@ ar_cleared_entry(VALUE hash, unsigned int index)
          * so you need to check key == Qundef
          */
         ar_table_pair *pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, index);
-        return pair->key == Qundef;
+        return UNDEF_P(pair->key);
     }
     else {
         return FALSE;
@@ -460,14 +461,20 @@ ar_set_entry(VALUE hash, unsigned int index, st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_ha
   ((unsigned int)((RBASIC(h)->flags >> RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SHIFT) & \
                   (RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_MASK >> RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SHIFT)))
 
-#define RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(h) (HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(h)), \
-                                 RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_RAW(h))
-
 #define RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(h, s)  rb_hash_st_table_set(h, s)
 #define RHASH_TYPE(hash) (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash) ? &objhash : RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type)
 
 #define HASH_ASSERT(expr) RUBY_ASSERT_MESG_WHEN(HASH_DEBUG, expr, #expr)
 
+static inline unsigned int
+RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(VALUE h)
+{
+    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(h));
+    const unsigned int bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_RAW(h);
+    HASH_ASSERT(bound <= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE);
+    return bound;
+}
+
 #if HASH_DEBUG
 #define hash_verify(hash) hash_verify_(hash, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 
@@ -477,10 +484,10 @@ rb_hash_dump(VALUE hash)
     rb_obj_info_dump(hash);
 
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
-        unsigned i, n = 0, bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
+        unsigned i, bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
 
         fprintf(stderr, "  size:%u bound:%u\n",
-                RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash), RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash));
+                RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash), bound);
 
         for (i=0; i<bound; i++) {
             st_data_t k, v;
@@ -494,7 +501,6 @@ rb_hash_dump(VALUE hash)
                         rb_raw_obj_info(b1, 0x100, k),
                         rb_raw_obj_info(b2, 0x100, v),
                         ar_hint(hash, i));
-                n++;
             }
             else {
                 fprintf(stderr, "  %d empty\n", i);
@@ -517,8 +523,8 @@ hash_verify_(VALUE hash, const char *file, int line)
                 ar_table_pair *pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
                 k = pair->key;
                 v = pair->val;
-                HASH_ASSERT(k != Qundef);
-                HASH_ASSERT(v != Qundef);
+                HASH_ASSERT(!UNDEF_P(k));
+                HASH_ASSERT(!UNDEF_P(v));
                 n++;
             }
         }
@@ -532,13 +538,6 @@ hash_verify_(VALUE hash, const char *file, int line)
         HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_RAW(hash) == 0);
     }
 
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    if (RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash)) {
-        volatile st_data_t MAYBE_UNUSED(key) = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, 0)->key; /* read */
-        HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash) != NULL);
-        HASH_ASSERT(rb_transient_heap_managed_ptr_p(RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash)));
-    }
-#endif
     return hash;
 }
 
@@ -547,69 +546,30 @@ hash_verify_(VALUE hash, const char *file, int line)
 #endif
 
 static inline int
-RHASH_TABLE_NULL_P(VALUE hash)
-{
-    if (RHASH(hash)->as.ar == NULL) {
-        HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash));
-        return TRUE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return FALSE;
-    }
-}
-
-static inline int
 RHASH_TABLE_EMPTY_P(VALUE hash)
 {
     return RHASH_SIZE(hash) == 0;
 }
 
-int
-rb_hash_ar_table_p(VALUE hash)
-{
-    if (FL_TEST_RAW((hash), RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)) {
-        HASH_ASSERT(RHASH(hash)->as.st != NULL);
-        return FALSE;
-    }
-    else {
-        return TRUE;
-    }
-}
-
-ar_table *
-rb_hash_ar_table(VALUE hash)
-{
-    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash));
-    return RHASH(hash)->as.ar;
-}
+#define RHASH_SET_ST_FLAG(h)          FL_SET_RAW(h, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)
+#define RHASH_UNSET_ST_FLAG(h)        FL_UNSET_RAW(h, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)
 
-st_table *
-rb_hash_st_table(VALUE hash)
+static void
+hash_st_table_init(VALUE hash, const struct st_hash_type *type, st_index_t size)
 {
-    HASH_ASSERT(!RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash));
-    return RHASH(hash)->as.st;
+    st_init_existing_table_with_size(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash), type, size);
+    RHASH_SET_ST_FLAG(hash);
 }
 
 void
 rb_hash_st_table_set(VALUE hash, st_table *st)
 {
     HASH_ASSERT(st != NULL);
-    FL_SET_RAW((hash), RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG);
-    RHASH(hash)->as.st = st;
-}
+    RHASH_SET_ST_FLAG(hash);
 
-static void
-hash_ar_table_set(VALUE hash, ar_table *ar)
-{
-    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash));
-    HASH_ASSERT((RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash) && ar == NULL) ? FALSE : TRUE);
-    RHASH(hash)->as.ar = ar;
-    hash_verify(hash);
+    *RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash) = *st;
 }
 
-#define RHASH_SET_ST_FLAG(h)          FL_SET_RAW(h, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)
-#define RHASH_UNSET_ST_FLAG(h)        FL_UNSET_RAW(h, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG)
-
 static inline void
 RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SET(VALUE h, st_index_t n)
 {
@@ -664,27 +624,7 @@ RHASH_AR_TABLE_CLEAR(VALUE h)
     RBASIC(h)->flags &= ~RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_MASK;
     RBASIC(h)->flags &= ~RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_MASK;
 
-    hash_ar_table_set(h, NULL);
-}
-
-static ar_table*
-ar_alloc_table(VALUE hash)
-{
-    ar_table *tab = (ar_table*)rb_transient_heap_alloc(hash, sizeof(ar_table));
-
-    if (tab != NULL) {
-        RHASH_SET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash);
-    }
-    else {
-        RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash);
-        tab = (ar_table*)ruby_xmalloc(sizeof(ar_table));
-    }
-
-    RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_SET(hash, 0);
-    RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SET(hash, 0);
-    hash_ar_table_set(hash, tab);
-
-    return tab;
+    memset(RHASH_AR_TABLE(h), 0, sizeof(ar_table));
 }
 
 NOINLINE(static int ar_equal(VALUE x, VALUE y));
@@ -699,7 +639,7 @@ static unsigned
 ar_find_entry_hint(VALUE hash, ar_hint_t hint, st_data_t key)
 {
     unsigned i, bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
-    const ar_hint_t *hints = RHASH(hash)->ar_hint.ary;
+    const ar_hint_t *hints = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash)->ar_hint.ary;
 
     /* if table is NULL, then bound also should be 0 */
 
@@ -746,92 +686,83 @@ ar_find_entry(VALUE hash, st_hash_t hash_value, st_data_t key)
 }
 
 static inline void
-ar_free_and_clear_table(VALUE hash)
+hash_ar_free_and_clear_table(VALUE hash)
 {
-    ar_table *tab = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash);
+    RHASH_AR_TABLE_CLEAR(hash);
 
-    if (tab) {
-        if (RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash)) {
-            RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash);
-        }
-        else {
-            ruby_xfree(RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash));
-        }
-        RHASH_AR_TABLE_CLEAR(hash);
-    }
     HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash) == 0);
     HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash) == 0);
-    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash) == 0);
 }
 
-static void
-ar_try_convert_table(VALUE hash)
-{
-    if (!RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) return;
-
-    const unsigned size = RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash);
+void rb_st_add_direct_with_hash(st_table *tab, st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_hash_t hash); // st.c
 
-    st_table *new_tab;
-    st_index_t i;
+enum ar_each_key_type {
+    ar_each_key_copy,
+    ar_each_key_cmp,
+    ar_each_key_insert,
+};
 
-    if (size < RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE) {
-        return;
+static inline int
+ar_each_key(ar_table *ar, int max, enum ar_each_key_type type, st_data_t *dst_keys, st_table *new_tab, st_hash_t *hashes)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
+        ar_table_pair *pair = &ar->pairs[i];
+
+        switch (type) {
+          case ar_each_key_copy:
+            dst_keys[i] = pair->key;
+            break;
+          case ar_each_key_cmp:
+            if (dst_keys[i] != pair->key) return 1;
+            break;
+          case ar_each_key_insert:
+            if (UNDEF_P(pair->key)) continue; // deleted entry
+            rb_st_add_direct_with_hash(new_tab, pair->key, pair->val, hashes[i]);
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
-    new_tab = st_init_table_with_size(&objhash, size * 2);
-
-    for (i = 0; i < RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND; i++) {
-        ar_table_pair *pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
-        st_add_direct(new_tab, pair->key, pair->val);
-    }
-    ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, new_tab);
-    return;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static st_table *
 ar_force_convert_table(VALUE hash, const char *file, int line)
 {
-    st_table *new_tab;
-
     if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
         return RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
     }
-
-    if (RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash)) {
-        unsigned i, bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
-
-#if defined(RHASH_CONVERT_TABLE_DEBUG) && RHASH_CONVERT_TABLE_DEBUG
-        rb_obj_info_dump(hash);
-        fprintf(stderr, "force_convert: %s:%d\n", file, line);
-        RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(obj_hash_force_convert);
-#endif
-
-        new_tab = st_init_table_with_size(&objhash, RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash));
-
-        for (i = 0; i < bound; i++) {
-            if (ar_cleared_entry(hash, i)) continue;
-
-            ar_table_pair *pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
-            st_add_direct(new_tab, pair->key, pair->val);
-        }
-        ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
-    }
     else {
-        new_tab = st_init_table(&objhash);
-    }
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, new_tab);
-
-    return new_tab;
-}
+        ar_table *ar = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash);
+        st_hash_t hashes[RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE];
+        unsigned int bound, size;
+
+        // prepare hash values
+        do {
+            st_data_t keys[RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE];
+            bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
+            size = RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash);
+            ar_each_key(ar, bound, ar_each_key_copy, keys, NULL, NULL);
+
+            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bound; i++) {
+                // do_hash calls #hash method and it can modify hash object
+                hashes[i] = UNDEF_P(keys[i]) ? 0 : ar_do_hash(keys[i]);
+            }
 
-static ar_table *
-hash_ar_table(VALUE hash)
-{
-    if (RHASH_TABLE_NULL_P(hash)) {
-        ar_alloc_table(hash);
+            // check if modified
+            if (UNLIKELY(!RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash))) return RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
+            if (UNLIKELY(RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash) != bound)) continue;
+            if (UNLIKELY(ar_each_key(ar, bound, ar_each_key_cmp, keys, NULL, NULL))) continue;
+        } while (0);
+
+        // make st
+        st_table tab;
+        st_table *new_tab = &tab;
+        rb_st_init_existing_table_with_size(new_tab, &objhash, size);
+        ar_each_key(ar, bound, ar_each_key_insert, NULL, new_tab, hashes);
+        hash_ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
+        RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, new_tab);
+        return RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
     }
-    return RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -884,7 +815,6 @@ ar_add_direct_with_hash(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_hash_t hash
     else {
         if (UNLIKELY(bin >= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND)) {
             bin = ar_compact_table(hash);
-            hash_ar_table(hash);
         }
         HASH_ASSERT(bin < RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND);
 
@@ -895,6 +825,14 @@ ar_add_direct_with_hash(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_hash_t hash
     }
 }
 
+static void
+ensure_ar_table(VALUE hash)
+{
+    if (!RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "hash representation was changed during iteration");
+    }
+}
+
 static int
 ar_general_foreach(VALUE hash, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_update_callback_func *replace, st_data_t arg)
 {
@@ -906,6 +844,7 @@ ar_general_foreach(VALUE hash, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_update_c
 
             ar_table_pair *pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
             enum st_retval retval = (*func)(pair->key, pair->val, arg, 0);
+            ensure_ar_table(hash);
             /* pair may be not valid here because of theap */
 
             switch (retval) {
@@ -963,7 +902,7 @@ ar_foreach(VALUE hash, st_foreach_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg)
 
 static int
 ar_foreach_check(VALUE hash, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg,
-                     st_data_t never)
+                 st_data_t never)
 {
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash) > 0) {
         unsigned i, ret = 0, bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
@@ -980,17 +919,18 @@ ar_foreach_check(VALUE hash, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg
             hint = ar_hint(hash, i);
 
             retval = (*func)(key, pair->val, arg, 0);
+            ensure_ar_table(hash);
             hash_verify(hash);
 
             switch (retval) {
               case ST_CHECK: {
-                  pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
-                  if (pair->key == never) break;
-                  ret = ar_find_entry_hint(hash, hint, key);
-                  if (ret == RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND) {
-                      retval = (*func)(0, 0, arg, 1);
-                      return 2;
-                  }
+                pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
+                if (pair->key == never) break;
+                ret = ar_find_entry_hint(hash, hint, key);
+                if (ret == RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND) {
+                    retval = (*func)(0, 0, arg, 1);
+                    return 2;
+                }
               }
               case ST_CONTINUE:
                 break;
@@ -998,11 +938,11 @@ ar_foreach_check(VALUE hash, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg
               case ST_REPLACE:
                 return 0;
               case ST_DELETE: {
-                  if (!ar_cleared_entry(hash, i)) {
-                      ar_clear_entry(hash, i);
-                      RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_DEC(hash);
-                  }
-                  break;
+                if (!ar_cleared_entry(hash, i)) {
+                    ar_clear_entry(hash, i);
+                    RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_DEC(hash);
+                }
+                break;
               }
             }
         }
@@ -1029,7 +969,6 @@ ar_update(VALUE hash, st_data_t key,
         existing = (bin != RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND) ? TRUE : FALSE;
     }
     else {
-        hash_ar_table(hash); /* allocate ltbl if needed */
         existing = FALSE;
     }
 
@@ -1041,6 +980,7 @@ ar_update(VALUE hash, st_data_t key,
     old_key = key;
     retval = (*func)(&key, &value, arg, existing);
     /* pair can be invalid here because of theap */
+    ensure_ar_table(hash);
 
     switch (retval) {
       case ST_CONTINUE:
@@ -1078,8 +1018,6 @@ ar_insert(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t value)
         return -1;
     }
 
-    hash_ar_table(hash); /* prepare ltbl */
-
     bin = ar_find_entry(hash, hash_value, key);
     if (bin == RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND) {
         if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash) >= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE) {
@@ -1087,7 +1025,6 @@ ar_insert(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t value)
         }
         else if (bin >= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND) {
             bin = ar_compact_table(hash);
-            hash_ar_table(hash);
         }
         HASH_ASSERT(bin < RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_BOUND);
 
@@ -1222,44 +1159,16 @@ static ar_table*
 ar_copy(VALUE hash1, VALUE hash2)
 {
     ar_table *old_tab = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash2);
+    ar_table *new_tab = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash1);
 
-    if (old_tab != NULL) {
-        ar_table *new_tab = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash1);
-        if (new_tab == NULL) {
-            new_tab = (ar_table*) rb_transient_heap_alloc(hash1, sizeof(ar_table));
-            if (new_tab != NULL) {
-                RHASH_SET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash1);
-            }
-            else {
-                RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash1);
-                new_tab = (ar_table*)ruby_xmalloc(sizeof(ar_table));
-            }
-        }
-        *new_tab = *old_tab;
-        RHASH(hash1)->ar_hint.word = RHASH(hash2)->ar_hint.word;
-        RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SET(hash1, RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash2));
-        RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_SET(hash1, RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash2));
-        hash_ar_table_set(hash1, new_tab);
-
-        rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(hash1);
-        return new_tab;
-    }
-    else {
-        RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SET(hash1, RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash2));
-        RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_SET(hash1, RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash2));
-
-        if (RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash1)) {
-            RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash1);
-        }
-        else if (RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash1)) {
-            ruby_xfree(RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash1));
-        }
+    *new_tab = *old_tab;
+    RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash1)->ar_hint.word = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash2)->ar_hint.word;
+    RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SET(hash1, RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash2));
+    RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_SET(hash1, RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash2));
 
-        hash_ar_table_set(hash1, NULL);
+    rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(hash1);
 
-        rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(hash1);
-        return old_tab;
-    }
+    return new_tab;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1275,32 +1184,32 @@ ar_clear(VALUE hash)
     }
 }
 
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-void
-rb_hash_transient_heap_evacuate(VALUE hash, int promote)
+static void
+hash_st_free(VALUE hash)
 {
-    if (RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(hash)) {
-        ar_table *new_tab;
-        ar_table *old_tab = RHASH_AR_TABLE(hash);
+    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash));
 
-        if (UNLIKELY(old_tab == NULL)) {
-            return;
-        }
-        HASH_ASSERT(old_tab != NULL);
-        if (! promote) {
-            new_tab = rb_transient_heap_alloc(hash, sizeof(ar_table));
-            if (new_tab == NULL) promote = true;
-        }
-        if (promote) {
-            new_tab = ruby_xmalloc(sizeof(ar_table));
-            RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(hash);
-        }
-        *new_tab = *old_tab;
-        hash_ar_table_set(hash, new_tab);
+    st_table *tab = RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
+
+    xfree(tab->bins);
+    xfree(tab->entries);
+}
+
+static void
+hash_st_free_and_clear_table(VALUE hash)
+{
+    hash_st_free(hash);
+
+    RHASH_ST_CLEAR(hash);
+}
+
+void
+rb_hash_free(VALUE hash)
+{
+    if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
+        hash_st_free(hash);
     }
-    hash_verify(hash);
 }
-#endif
 
 typedef int st_foreach_func(st_data_t, st_data_t, st_data_t);
 
@@ -1346,15 +1255,8 @@ struct hash_foreach_arg {
 };
 
 static int
-hash_ar_foreach_iter(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t argp, int error)
+hash_iter_status_check(int status)
 {
-    struct hash_foreach_arg *arg = (struct hash_foreach_arg *)argp;
-    int status;
-
-    if (error) return ST_STOP;
-    status = (*arg->func)((VALUE)key, (VALUE)value, arg->arg);
-    /* TODO: rehash check? rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "rehash occurred during iteration"); */
-
     switch (status) {
       case ST_DELETE:
         return ST_DELETE;
@@ -1363,99 +1265,113 @@ hash_ar_foreach_iter(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t argp, int error)
       case ST_STOP:
         return ST_STOP;
     }
+
     return ST_CHECK;
 }
 
 static int
+hash_ar_foreach_iter(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t argp, int error)
+{
+    struct hash_foreach_arg *arg = (struct hash_foreach_arg *)argp;
+
+    if (error) return ST_STOP;
+
+    int status = (*arg->func)((VALUE)key, (VALUE)value, arg->arg);
+    /* TODO: rehash check? rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "rehash occurred during iteration"); */
+
+    return hash_iter_status_check(status);
+}
+
+static int
 hash_foreach_iter(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t argp, int error)
 {
     struct hash_foreach_arg *arg = (struct hash_foreach_arg *)argp;
-    int status;
-    st_table *tbl;
 
     if (error) return ST_STOP;
-    tbl = RHASH_ST_TABLE(arg->hash);
-    status = (*arg->func)((VALUE)key, (VALUE)value, arg->arg);
+
+    st_table *tbl = RHASH_ST_TABLE(arg->hash);
+    int status = (*arg->func)((VALUE)key, (VALUE)value, arg->arg);
+
     if (RHASH_ST_TABLE(arg->hash) != tbl) {
-    	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "rehash occurred during iteration");
-    }
-    switch (status) {
-      case ST_DELETE:
-        return ST_DELETE;
-      case ST_CONTINUE:
-        break;
-      case ST_STOP:
-        return ST_STOP;
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "rehash occurred during iteration");
     }
-    return ST_CHECK;
+
+    return hash_iter_status_check(status);
 }
 
-static int
+static unsigned long
 iter_lev_in_ivar(VALUE hash)
 {
     VALUE levval = rb_ivar_get(hash, id_hash_iter_lev);
     HASH_ASSERT(FIXNUM_P(levval));
-    return FIX2INT(levval);
+    long lev = FIX2LONG(levval);
+    HASH_ASSERT(lev >= 0);
+    return (unsigned long)lev;
 }
 
 void rb_ivar_set_internal(VALUE obj, ID id, VALUE val);
 
 static void
-iter_lev_in_ivar_set(VALUE hash, int lev)
+iter_lev_in_ivar_set(VALUE hash, unsigned long lev)
 {
-    rb_ivar_set_internal(hash, id_hash_iter_lev, INT2FIX(lev));
+    HASH_ASSERT(lev >= RHASH_LEV_MAX);
+    HASH_ASSERT(POSFIXABLE(lev)); /* POSFIXABLE means fitting to long */
+    rb_ivar_set_internal(hash, id_hash_iter_lev, LONG2FIX((long)lev));
 }
 
-static int
+static inline unsigned long
 iter_lev_in_flags(VALUE hash)
 {
-    unsigned int u = (unsigned int)((RBASIC(hash)->flags >> RHASH_LEV_SHIFT) & RHASH_LEV_MAX);
-    return (int)u;
+    return (unsigned long)((RBASIC(hash)->flags >> RHASH_LEV_SHIFT) & RHASH_LEV_MAX);
 }
 
-static int
-RHASH_ITER_LEV(VALUE hash)
+static inline void
+iter_lev_in_flags_set(VALUE hash, unsigned long lev)
 {
-    int lev = iter_lev_in_flags(hash);
+    HASH_ASSERT(lev <= RHASH_LEV_MAX);
+    RBASIC(hash)->flags = ((RBASIC(hash)->flags & ~RHASH_LEV_MASK) | ((VALUE)lev << RHASH_LEV_SHIFT));
+}
 
-    if (lev == RHASH_LEV_MAX) {
-        return iter_lev_in_ivar(hash);
-    }
-    else {
-        return lev;
-    }
+static inline bool
+hash_iterating_p(VALUE hash)
+{
+    return iter_lev_in_flags(hash) > 0;
 }
 
 static void
 hash_iter_lev_inc(VALUE hash)
 {
-    int lev = iter_lev_in_flags(hash);
+    unsigned long lev = iter_lev_in_flags(hash);
     if (lev == RHASH_LEV_MAX) {
-        lev = iter_lev_in_ivar(hash);
-        iter_lev_in_ivar_set(hash, lev+1);
+        lev = iter_lev_in_ivar(hash) + 1;
+        if (!POSFIXABLE(lev)) { /* paranoiac check */
+            rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "too much nested iterations");
+        }
     }
     else {
         lev += 1;
-        RBASIC(hash)->flags = ((RBASIC(hash)->flags & ~RHASH_LEV_MASK) | ((VALUE)lev << RHASH_LEV_SHIFT));
-        if (lev == RHASH_LEV_MAX) {
-            iter_lev_in_ivar_set(hash, lev);
-        }
+        iter_lev_in_flags_set(hash, lev);
+        if (lev < RHASH_LEV_MAX) return;
     }
+    iter_lev_in_ivar_set(hash, lev);
 }
 
 static void
 hash_iter_lev_dec(VALUE hash)
 {
-    int lev = iter_lev_in_flags(hash);
+    unsigned long lev = iter_lev_in_flags(hash);
     if (lev == RHASH_LEV_MAX) {
         lev = iter_lev_in_ivar(hash);
-        HASH_ASSERT(lev > 0);
-        iter_lev_in_ivar_set(hash, lev-1);
+        if (lev > RHASH_LEV_MAX) {
+            iter_lev_in_ivar_set(hash, lev-1);
+            return;
+        }
+        rb_attr_delete(hash, id_hash_iter_lev);
     }
-    else {
-        HASH_ASSERT(lev > 0);
-        RBASIC(hash)->flags = ((RBASIC(hash)->flags & ~RHASH_LEV_MASK) | ((lev-1) << RHASH_LEV_SHIFT));
+    else if (lev == 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "iteration level underflow");
     }
+    iter_lev_in_flags_set(hash, lev - 1);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1533,11 +1449,23 @@ rb_hash_foreach(VALUE hash, rb_foreach_func *func, VALUE farg)
     hash_verify(hash);
 }
 
+void rb_st_compact_table(st_table *tab);
+
+static void
+compact_after_delete(VALUE hash)
+{
+    if (!hash_iterating_p(hash) && RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
+        rb_st_compact_table(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash));
+    }
+}
+
 static VALUE
-hash_alloc_flags(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, VALUE ifnone)
+hash_alloc_flags(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, VALUE ifnone, bool st)
 {
     const VALUE wb = (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH ? FL_WB_PROTECTED : 0);
-    NEWOBJ_OF(hash, struct RHash, klass, T_HASH | wb | flags);
+    const size_t size = sizeof(struct RHash) + (st ? sizeof(st_table) : sizeof(ar_table));
+
+    NEWOBJ_OF(hash, struct RHash, klass, T_HASH | wb | flags, size, 0);
 
     RHASH_SET_IFNONE((VALUE)hash, ifnone);
 
@@ -1547,7 +1475,8 @@ hash_alloc_flags(VALUE klass, VALUE flags, VALUE ifnone)
 static VALUE
 hash_alloc(VALUE klass)
 {
-    return hash_alloc_flags(klass, 0, Qnil);
+    /* Allocate to be able to fit both st_table and ar_table. */
+    return hash_alloc_flags(klass, 0, Qnil, sizeof(st_table) > sizeof(ar_table));
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1573,19 +1502,16 @@ copy_compare_by_id(VALUE hash, VALUE basis)
     return hash;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_hash_new_with_size(st_index_t size)
 {
-    VALUE ret = rb_hash_new();
-    if (size == 0) {
-        /* do nothing */
-    }
-    else if (size <= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE) {
-        ar_alloc_table(ret);
-    }
-    else {
-        RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(ret, st_init_table_with_size(&objhash, size));
+    bool st = size > RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE;
+    VALUE ret = hash_alloc_flags(rb_cHash, 0, Qnil, st);
+
+    if (st) {
+        hash_st_table_init(ret, &objhash, size);
     }
+
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1598,11 +1524,32 @@ rb_hash_new_capa(long capa)
 static VALUE
 hash_copy(VALUE ret, VALUE hash)
 {
-    if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
-        if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash))
+    if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
+        if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(ret)) {
             ar_copy(ret, hash);
-        else if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash))
-            RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(ret, st_copy(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)));
+        }
+        else {
+            st_table *tab = RHASH_ST_TABLE(ret);
+            rb_st_init_existing_table_with_size(tab, &objhash, RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash));
+
+            int bound = RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND(hash);
+            for (int i = 0; i < bound; i++) {
+                if (ar_cleared_entry(hash, i)) continue;
+
+                ar_table_pair *pair = RHASH_AR_TABLE_REF(hash, i);
+                st_add_direct(tab, pair->key, pair->val);
+                RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(ret, Qundef, pair->key);
+                RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(ret, Qundef, pair->val);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        HASH_ASSERT(sizeof(st_table) <= sizeof(ar_table));
+
+        RHASH_SET_ST_FLAG(ret);
+        st_replace(RHASH_ST_TABLE(ret), RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash));
+
+        rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(ret);
     }
     return ret;
 }
@@ -1610,13 +1557,21 @@ hash_copy(VALUE ret, VALUE hash)
 static VALUE
 hash_dup_with_compare_by_id(VALUE hash)
 {
-    return hash_copy(copy_compare_by_id(rb_hash_new(), hash), hash);
+    VALUE dup = hash_alloc_flags(rb_cHash, 0, Qnil, RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash));
+    if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
+        RHASH_SET_ST_FLAG(dup);
+    }
+    else {
+        RHASH_UNSET_ST_FLAG(dup);
+    }
+
+    return hash_copy(dup, hash);
 }
 
 static VALUE
 hash_dup(VALUE hash, VALUE klass, VALUE flags)
 {
-    return hash_copy(hash_alloc_flags(klass, flags, RHASH_IFNONE(hash)),
+    return hash_copy(hash_alloc_flags(klass, flags, RHASH_IFNONE(hash), !RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash) && RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)),
                      hash);
 }
 
@@ -1631,7 +1586,7 @@ rb_hash_dup(VALUE hash)
     return ret;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_hash_resurrect(VALUE hash)
 {
     VALUE ret = hash_dup(hash, rb_cHash, 0);
@@ -1644,7 +1599,7 @@ rb_hash_modify_check(VALUE hash)
     rb_check_frozen(hash);
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED struct st_table *
+RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED struct st_table *
 rb_hash_tbl_raw(VALUE hash, const char *file, int line)
 {
     return ar_force_convert_table(hash, file, line);
@@ -1705,7 +1660,7 @@ rb_hash_stlike_update(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_update_callback_func *func,
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
         int result = ar_update(hash, key, func, arg);
         if (result == -1) {
-            ar_try_convert_table(hash);
+            ar_force_convert_table(hash, __FILE__, __LINE__);
         }
         else {
             return result;
@@ -1762,14 +1717,14 @@ tbl_update(VALUE hash, VALUE key, tbl_update_func func, st_data_t optional_arg)
     return ret;
 }
 
-#define UPDATE_CALLBACK(iter_lev, func) ((iter_lev) > 0 ? func##_noinsert : func##_insert)
+#define UPDATE_CALLBACK(iter_p, func) ((iter_p) ? func##_noinsert : func##_insert)
 
-#define RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(h, iter_lev, key, func, a) do {                        \
-    tbl_update((h), (key), UPDATE_CALLBACK((iter_lev), func), (st_data_t)(a)); \
+#define RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(h, iter_p, key, func, a) do { \
+    tbl_update((h), (key), UPDATE_CALLBACK(iter_p, func), (st_data_t)(a)); \
 } while (0)
 
 #define RHASH_UPDATE(hash, key, func, arg) \
-    RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(hash, RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash), key, func, arg)
+    RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(hash, hash_iterating_p(hash), key, func, arg)
 
 static void
 set_proc_default(VALUE hash, VALUE proc)
@@ -1821,23 +1776,29 @@ set_proc_default(VALUE hash, VALUE proc)
 static VALUE
 rb_hash_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
 {
-    VALUE ifnone;
-
     rb_hash_modify(hash);
+
     if (rb_block_given_p()) {
         rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 0);
-        ifnone = rb_block_proc();
-        SET_PROC_DEFAULT(hash, ifnone);
+        SET_PROC_DEFAULT(hash, rb_block_proc());
     }
     else {
         rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
-        ifnone = argc == 0 ? Qnil : argv[0];
+
+        VALUE options, ifnone;
+        rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01:", &ifnone, &options);
+        if (NIL_P(ifnone) && !NIL_P(options)) {
+            ifnone = options;
+            rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove("3.4", "Calling Hash.new with keyword arguments", "Hash.new({ key: value })");
+        }
         RHASH_SET_IFNONE(hash, ifnone);
     }
 
     return hash;
 }
 
+static VALUE rb_hash_to_a(VALUE hash);
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    Hash[] -> new_empty_hash
@@ -1857,7 +1818,7 @@ rb_hash_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    Hash[h] # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
  *
- *  When the single given argument is an \Array of 2-element Arrays,
+ *  When the single given argument is an Array of 2-element Arrays,
  *  returns a new \Hash object wherein each 2-element array forms a
  *  key-value entry:
  *
@@ -1881,12 +1842,23 @@ rb_hash_s_create(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
     if (argc == 1) {
         tmp = rb_hash_s_try_convert(Qnil, argv[0]);
         if (!NIL_P(tmp)) {
-            hash = hash_alloc(klass);
-            hash_copy(hash, tmp);
-            return hash;
+            if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(tmp)  && rb_hash_compare_by_id_p(tmp)) {
+                /* hash_copy for non-empty hash will copy compare_by_identity
+                   flag, but we don't want it copied. Work around by
+                   converting hash to flattened array and using that. */
+                tmp = rb_hash_to_a(tmp);
+            }
+            else {
+                hash = hash_alloc(klass);
+                if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(tmp))
+                    hash_copy(hash, tmp);
+                return hash;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            tmp = rb_check_array_type(argv[0]);
         }
 
-        tmp = rb_check_array_type(argv[0]);
         if (!NIL_P(tmp)) {
             long i;
 
@@ -1924,7 +1896,7 @@ rb_hash_s_create(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
     return hash;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_to_hash_type(VALUE hash)
 {
     return rb_convert_type_with_id(hash, T_HASH, "Hash", idTo_hash);
@@ -1997,9 +1969,12 @@ static VALUE
 rb_hash_s_ruby2_keywords_hash(VALUE dummy, VALUE hash)
 {
     Check_Type(hash, T_HASH);
-    hash = rb_hash_dup(hash);
-    RHASH(hash)->basic.flags |= RHASH_PASS_AS_KEYWORDS;
-    return hash;
+    VALUE tmp = rb_hash_dup(hash);
+    if (RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash) && rb_hash_compare_by_id_p(hash)) {
+        rb_hash_compare_by_id(tmp);
+    }
+    RHASH(tmp)->basic.flags |= RHASH_PASS_AS_KEYWORDS;
+    return tmp;
 }
 
 struct rehash_arg {
@@ -2037,25 +2012,27 @@ rb_hash_rehash(VALUE hash)
     VALUE tmp;
     st_table *tbl;
 
-    if (RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash) > 0) {
+    if (hash_iterating_p(hash)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "rehash during iteration");
     }
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
         tmp = hash_alloc(0);
-        ar_alloc_table(tmp);
         rb_hash_foreach(hash, rb_hash_rehash_i, (VALUE)tmp);
-        ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
+
+        hash_ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
         ar_copy(hash, tmp);
-        ar_free_and_clear_table(tmp);
     }
     else if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
         st_table *old_tab = RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
         tmp = hash_alloc(0);
-        tbl = st_init_table_with_size(old_tab->type, old_tab->num_entries);
-        RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(tmp, tbl);
+
+        hash_st_table_init(tmp, old_tab->type, old_tab->num_entries);
+        tbl = RHASH_ST_TABLE(tmp);
+
         rb_hash_foreach(hash, rb_hash_rehash_i, (VALUE)tmp);
-        st_free_table(old_tab);
+
+        hash_st_free(hash);
         RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, tbl);
         RHASH_ST_CLEAR(tmp);
     }
@@ -2070,13 +2047,27 @@ call_default_proc(VALUE proc, VALUE hash, VALUE key)
     return rb_proc_call_with_block(proc, 2, args, Qnil);
 }
 
+static bool
+rb_hash_default_unredefined(VALUE hash)
+{
+    VALUE klass = RBASIC_CLASS(hash);
+    if (LIKELY(klass == rb_cHash)) {
+        return !!BASIC_OP_UNREDEFINED_P(BOP_DEFAULT, HASH_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG);
+    }
+    else {
+        return LIKELY(rb_method_basic_definition_p(klass, id_default));
+    }
+}
+
 VALUE
 rb_hash_default_value(VALUE hash, VALUE key)
 {
-    if (LIKELY(rb_method_basic_definition_p(CLASS_OF(hash), id_default))) {
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_TYPE_P(hash, T_HASH));
+
+    if (LIKELY(rb_hash_default_unredefined(hash))) {
         VALUE ifnone = RHASH_IFNONE(hash);
-        if (!FL_TEST(hash, RHASH_PROC_DEFAULT)) return ifnone;
-        if (key == Qundef) return Qnil;
+        if (LIKELY(!FL_TEST_RAW(hash, RHASH_PROC_DEFAULT))) return ifnone;
+        if (UNDEF_P(key)) return Qnil;
         return call_default_proc(ifnone, hash, key);
     }
     else {
@@ -2093,11 +2084,15 @@ hash_stlike_lookup(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t *pval)
         return ar_lookup(hash, key, pval);
     }
     else {
+        extern st_index_t rb_iseq_cdhash_hash(VALUE);
+        RUBY_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type->hash == rb_any_hash ||
+                    RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type->hash == rb_ident_hash ||
+                    RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type->hash == rb_iseq_cdhash_hash);
         return st_lookup(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash), key, pval);
     }
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED int
+int
 rb_hash_stlike_lookup(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t *pval)
 {
     return hash_stlike_lookup(hash, key, pval);
@@ -2347,7 +2342,7 @@ key_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
  *    h.key(0) # => :foo
  *    h.key(2) # => :bar
  *
- *  Returns +nil+ if so such value is found.
+ *  Returns +nil+ if no such value is found.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2402,7 +2397,7 @@ rb_hash_delete(VALUE hash, VALUE key)
 {
     VALUE deleted_value = rb_hash_delete_entry(hash, key);
 
-    if (deleted_value != Qundef) { /* likely pass */
+    if (!UNDEF_P(deleted_value)) { /* likely pass */
         return deleted_value;
     }
     else {
@@ -2445,7 +2440,8 @@ rb_hash_delete_m(VALUE hash, VALUE key)
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
     val = rb_hash_delete_entry(hash, key);
 
-    if (val != Qundef) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(val)) {
+        compact_after_delete(hash);
         return val;
     }
     else {
@@ -2479,7 +2475,7 @@ shift_i_safe(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
  *
  *  Removes the first hash entry
  *  (see {Entry Order}[rdoc-ref:Hash@Entry+Order]);
- *  returns a 2-element \Array containing the removed key and value:
+ *  returns a 2-element Array containing the removed key and value:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.shift # => [:foo, 0]
  *    h # => {:bar=>1, :baz=>2}
@@ -2495,14 +2491,14 @@ rb_hash_shift(VALUE hash)
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
         var.key = Qundef;
-        if (RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash) == 0) {
+        if (!hash_iterating_p(hash)) {
             if (ar_shift(hash, &var.key, &var.val)) {
                 return rb_assoc_new(var.key, var.val);
             }
         }
         else {
             rb_hash_foreach(hash, shift_i_safe, (VALUE)&var);
-            if (var.key != Qundef) {
+            if (!UNDEF_P(var.key)) {
                 rb_hash_delete_entry(hash, var.key);
                 return rb_assoc_new(var.key, var.val);
             }
@@ -2510,14 +2506,14 @@ rb_hash_shift(VALUE hash)
     }
     if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
         var.key = Qundef;
-        if (RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash) == 0) {
+        if (!hash_iterating_p(hash)) {
             if (st_shift(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash), &var.key, &var.val)) {
                 return rb_assoc_new(var.key, var.val);
             }
         }
         else {
             rb_hash_foreach(hash, shift_i_safe, (VALUE)&var);
-            if (var.key != Qundef) {
+            if (!UNDEF_P(var.key)) {
                 rb_hash_delete_entry(hash, var.key);
                 return rb_assoc_new(var.key, var.val);
             }
@@ -2553,7 +2549,7 @@ hash_enum_size(VALUE hash, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.delete_if {|key, value| value > 0 } # => {:foo=>0}
  *
- *  If no block given, returns a new \Enumerator:
+ *  If no block given, returns a new Enumerator:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.delete_if # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:delete_if>
  *    e.each { |key, value| value > 0 } # => {:foo=>0}
@@ -2566,6 +2562,7 @@ rb_hash_delete_if(VALUE hash)
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
     if (!RHASH_TABLE_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
         rb_hash_foreach(hash, delete_if_i, hash);
+        compact_after_delete(hash);
     }
     return hash;
 }
@@ -2582,7 +2579,7 @@ rb_hash_delete_if(VALUE hash)
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if no entries are removed.
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.reject! # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:reject!>
  *    e.each {|key, value| key.start_with?('b') } # => {:foo=>0}
@@ -2613,7 +2610,7 @@ rb_hash_reject_bang(VALUE hash)
  *    h1 = h.reject {|key, value| key.start_with?('b') }
  *    h1 # => {:foo=>0}
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.reject # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:reject>
  *    h1 = e.each {|key, value| key.start_with?('b') }
@@ -2629,6 +2626,7 @@ rb_hash_reject(VALUE hash)
     result = hash_dup_with_compare_by_id(hash);
     if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
         rb_hash_foreach(result, delete_if_i, result);
+        compact_after_delete(result);
     }
     return result;
 }
@@ -2658,7 +2656,7 @@ rb_hash_slice(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
     for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
         key = argv[i];
         value = rb_hash_lookup2(hash, key, Qundef);
-        if (value != Qundef)
+        if (!UNDEF_P(value))
             rb_hash_aset(result, key, value);
     }
 
@@ -2688,6 +2686,7 @@ rb_hash_except(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
         key = argv[i];
         rb_hash_delete(result, key);
     }
+    compact_after_delete(result);
 
     return result;
 }
@@ -2696,7 +2695,7 @@ rb_hash_except(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.values_at(*keys) -> new_array
  *
- *  Returns a new \Array containing values for the given +keys+:
+ *  Returns a new Array containing values for the given +keys+:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.values_at(:baz, :foo) # => [2, 0]
  *
@@ -2722,11 +2721,11 @@ rb_hash_values_at(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
  *    hash.fetch_values(*keys) -> new_array
  *    hash.fetch_values(*keys) {|key| ... } -> new_array
  *
- *  Returns a new \Array containing the values associated with the given keys *keys:
+ *  Returns a new Array containing the values associated with the given keys *keys:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.fetch_values(:baz, :foo) # => [2, 0]
  *
- *  Returns a new empty \Array if no arguments given.
+ *  Returns a new empty Array if no arguments given.
  *
  *  When a block is given, calls the block with each missing key,
  *  treating the block's return value as the value for that key:
@@ -2764,13 +2763,11 @@ keep_if_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE hash)
  *    hash.select {|key, value| ... } -> new_hash
  *    hash.select -> new_enumerator
  *
- *  Hash#filter is an alias for Hash#select.
- *
  *  Returns a new \Hash object whose entries are those for which the block returns a truthy value:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.select {|key, value| value < 2 } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.select # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:select>
  *    e.each {|key, value| value < 2 } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}
@@ -2785,6 +2782,7 @@ rb_hash_select(VALUE hash)
     result = hash_dup_with_compare_by_id(hash);
     if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
         rb_hash_foreach(result, keep_if_i, result);
+        compact_after_delete(result);
     }
     return result;
 }
@@ -2794,15 +2792,13 @@ rb_hash_select(VALUE hash)
  *    hash.select! {|key, value| ... } -> self or nil
  *    hash.select! -> new_enumerator
  *
- *  Hash#filter! is an alias for Hash#select!.
- *
  *  Returns +self+, whose entries are those for which the block returns a truthy value:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.select! {|key, value| value < 2 }  => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}
  *
  *  Returns +nil+ if no entries were removed.
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.select!  # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:select!>
  *    e.each { |key, value| value < 2 } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}
@@ -2833,7 +2829,7 @@ rb_hash_select_bang(VALUE hash)
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.keep_if { |key, value| key.start_with?('b') } # => {:bar=>1, :baz=>2}
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.keep_if # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:keep_if>
  *    e.each { |key, value| key.start_with?('b') } # => {:bar=>1, :baz=>2}
@@ -2868,7 +2864,7 @@ rb_hash_clear(VALUE hash)
 {
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
 
-    if (RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash) > 0) {
+    if (hash_iterating_p(hash)) {
         rb_hash_foreach(hash, clear_i, 0);
     }
     else if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
@@ -2876,6 +2872,7 @@ rb_hash_clear(VALUE hash)
     }
     else {
         st_clear(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash));
+        compact_after_delete(hash);
     }
 
     return hash;
@@ -2916,8 +2913,6 @@ NOINSERT_UPDATE_CALLBACK(hash_aset_str)
  *    hash[key] = value -> value
  *    hash.store(key, value)
  *
- *  Hash#store is an alias for Hash#[]=.
-
  *  Associates the given +value+ with the given +key+; returns +value+.
  *
  *  If the given +key+ exists, replaces its value with the given +value+;
@@ -2940,20 +2935,15 @@ NOINSERT_UPDATE_CALLBACK(hash_aset_str)
 VALUE
 rb_hash_aset(VALUE hash, VALUE key, VALUE val)
 {
-    int iter_lev = RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash);
+    bool iter_p = hash_iterating_p(hash);
 
     rb_hash_modify(hash);
 
-    if (RHASH_TABLE_NULL_P(hash)) {
-        if (iter_lev > 0) no_new_key();
-        ar_alloc_table(hash);
-    }
-
     if (RHASH_TYPE(hash) == &identhash || rb_obj_class(key) != rb_cString) {
-        RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(hash, iter_lev, key, hash_aset, val);
+        RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(hash, iter_p, key, hash_aset, val);
     }
     else {
-        RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(hash, iter_lev, key, hash_aset_str, val);
+        RHASH_UPDATE_ITER(hash, iter_p, key, hash_aset_str, val);
     }
     return val;
 }
@@ -2973,7 +2963,7 @@ rb_hash_replace(VALUE hash, VALUE hash2)
 {
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
     if (hash == hash2) return hash;
-    if (RHASH_ITER_LEV(hash) > 0) {
+    if (hash_iterating_p(hash)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "can't replace hash during iteration");
     }
     hash2 = to_hash(hash2);
@@ -2981,19 +2971,13 @@ rb_hash_replace(VALUE hash, VALUE hash2)
     COPY_DEFAULT(hash, hash2);
 
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
-        ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
+        hash_ar_free_and_clear_table(hash);
     }
     else {
-        st_free_table(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash));
-        RHASH_ST_CLEAR(hash);
-    }
-    hash_copy(hash, hash2);
-    if (RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash2) && RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash2)) {
-        /* ident hash */
-        RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, st_init_table_with_size(RHASH_TYPE(hash2), 0));
+        hash_st_free_and_clear_table(hash);
     }
 
-    rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(hash);
+    hash_copy(hash, hash2);
 
     return hash;
 }
@@ -3004,9 +2988,9 @@ rb_hash_replace(VALUE hash, VALUE hash2)
  *     hash.size -> integer
  *
  *  Returns the count of entries in +self+:
+ *
  *    {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.length # => 3
  *
- *  Hash#length is an alias for Hash#size.
  */
 
 VALUE
@@ -3056,7 +3040,7 @@ each_value_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE _)
  *    1
  *    2
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.each_value # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:each_value>
  *    h1 = e.each {|value| puts value }
@@ -3095,7 +3079,7 @@ each_key_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE _)
  *    bar
  *    baz
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.each_key # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:each_key>
  *    h1 = e.each {|key| puts key }
@@ -3137,8 +3121,6 @@ each_pair_i_fast(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE _)
  *    hash.each -> new_enumerator
  *    hash.each_pair -> new_enumerator
  *
- *  Hash#each is an alias for Hash#each_pair.
-
  *  Calls the given block with each key-value pair; returns +self+:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.each_pair {|key, value| puts "#{key}: #{value}"} # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
@@ -3147,7 +3129,7 @@ each_pair_i_fast(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE _)
  *    bar: 1
  *    baz: 2
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.each_pair # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:each_pair>
  *    h1 = e.each {|key, value| puts "#{key}: #{value}"}
@@ -3181,7 +3163,7 @@ transform_keys_hash_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE transarg)
     struct transform_keys_args *p = (void *)transarg;
     VALUE trans = p->trans, result = p->result;
     VALUE new_key = rb_hash_lookup2(trans, key, Qundef);
-    if (new_key == Qundef) {
+    if (UNDEF_P(new_key)) {
         if (p->block_given)
             new_key = rb_yield(key);
         else
@@ -3230,7 +3212,7 @@ transform_keys_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE result)
  *    h1 = h.transform_keys {|key| :bat }
  *    h1 # => {:bat=>2}
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.transform_keys # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:transform_keys>
  *    h1 = e.each { |key| key.to_s }
@@ -3302,7 +3284,7 @@ rb_hash_transform_keys_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
             if (!trans) {
                 new_key = rb_yield(key);
             }
-            else if ((new_key = rb_hash_lookup2(trans, key, Qundef)) != Qundef) {
+            else if (!UNDEF_P(new_key = rb_hash_lookup2(trans, key, Qundef))) {
                 /* use the transformed key */
             }
             else if (block_given) {
@@ -3321,6 +3303,7 @@ rb_hash_transform_keys_bang(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
         rb_ary_clear(pairs);
         rb_hash_clear(new_keys);
     }
+    compact_after_delete(hash);
     return hash;
 }
 
@@ -3354,7 +3337,7 @@ transform_values_foreach_replace(st_data_t *key, st_data_t *value, st_data_t arg
  *    h1 = h.transform_values {|value| value * 100}
  *    h1 # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.transform_values # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:transform_values>
  *    h1 = e.each { |value| value * 100}
@@ -3371,6 +3354,7 @@ rb_hash_transform_values(VALUE hash)
 
     if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
         rb_hash_stlike_foreach_with_replace(result, transform_values_foreach_func, transform_values_foreach_replace, result);
+        compact_after_delete(result);
     }
 
     return result;
@@ -3385,7 +3369,7 @@ rb_hash_transform_values(VALUE hash)
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.transform_values! {|value| value * 100} # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}
  *
- *  Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
+ *  Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    e = h.transform_values! # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}:transform_values!>
  *    h1 = e.each {|value| value * 100}
@@ -3415,8 +3399,8 @@ to_a_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE ary)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.to_a -> new_array
  *
- *  Returns a new \Array of 2-element \Array objects;
- *  each nested \Array contains a key-value pair from +self+:
+ *  Returns a new Array of 2-element Array objects;
+ *  each nested Array contains a key-value pair from +self+:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.to_a # => [[:foo, 0], [:bar, 1], [:baz, 2]]
  */
@@ -3469,11 +3453,11 @@ inspect_hash(VALUE hash, VALUE dummy, int recur)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.inspect -> new_string
  *
- *  Returns a new \String containing the hash entries:
+ *  Returns a new String containing the hash entries:
+
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.inspect # => "{:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}"
  *
- *  Hash#to_s is an alias for Hash#inspect.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3541,8 +3525,8 @@ rb_hash_to_h_block(VALUE hash)
  *
  *  When a block is given, returns a new \Hash object
  *  whose content is based on the block;
- *  the block should return a 2-element \Array object
- *  specifying the key-value pair to be included in the returned \Array:
+ *  the block should return a 2-element Array object
+ *  specifying the key-value pair to be included in the returned Array:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h1 = h.to_h {|key, value| [value, key] }
  *    h1 # => {0=>:foo, 1=>:bar, 2=>:baz}
@@ -3572,12 +3556,12 @@ keys_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE ary)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.keys -> new_array
  *
- *  Returns a new \Array containing all keys in +self+:
+ *  Returns a new Array containing all keys in +self+:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.keys # => [:foo, :bar, :baz]
  */
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_hash_keys(VALUE hash)
 {
     st_index_t size = RHASH_SIZE(hash);
@@ -3586,7 +3570,7 @@ rb_hash_keys(VALUE hash)
     if (size == 0) return keys;
 
     if (ST_DATA_COMPATIBLE_P(VALUE)) {
-        RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(keys, ptr, {
+        RARRAY_PTR_USE(keys, ptr, {
             if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
                 size = ar_keys(hash, ptr, size);
             }
@@ -3616,7 +3600,7 @@ values_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE ary)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.values -> new_array
  *
- *  Returns a new \Array containing all values in +self+:
+ *  Returns a new Array containing all values in +self+:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.values # => [0, 1, 2]
  */
@@ -3633,14 +3617,14 @@ rb_hash_values(VALUE hash)
     if (ST_DATA_COMPATIBLE_P(VALUE)) {
         if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
             rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(values);
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(values, ptr, {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(values, ptr, {
                 size = ar_values(hash, ptr, size);
             });
         }
         else if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash)) {
             st_table *table = RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
             rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(values);
-            RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(values, ptr, {
+            RARRAY_PTR_USE(values, ptr, {
                 size = st_values(table, ptr, size);
             });
         }
@@ -3660,13 +3644,11 @@ rb_hash_values(VALUE hash)
  *    hash.has_key?(key) -> true or false
  *    hash.key?(key) -> true or false
  *    hash.member?(key) -> true or false
-
- *  Methods #has_key?, #key?, and #member? are aliases for \#include?.
  *
  *  Returns +true+ if +key+ is a key in +self+, otherwise +false+.
  */
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_hash_has_key(VALUE hash, VALUE key)
 {
     return RBOOL(hash_stlike_lookup(hash, key, NULL));
@@ -3689,8 +3671,6 @@ rb_hash_search_value(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
  *    hash.has_value?(value) -> true or false
  *    hash.value?(value) -> true or false
  *
- *  Method #value? is an alias for \#has_value?.
- *
  *  Returns +true+ if +value+ is a value in +self+, otherwise +false+.
  */
 
@@ -3852,10 +3832,10 @@ hash_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE arg)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.hash -> an_integer
  *
- *  Returns the \Integer hash-code for the hash.
+ *  Returns the Integer hash-code for the hash.
  *
  *  Two \Hash objects have the same hash-code if their content is the same
- *  (regardless or order):
+ *  (regardless of order):
  *    h1 = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h2 = {baz: 2, bar: 1, foo: 0}
  *    h2.hash == h1.hash # => true
@@ -3953,8 +3933,6 @@ rb_hash_update_block_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE hash)
  *
  *  Each argument in +other_hashes+ must be a \Hash.
  *
- *  \Method #update is an alias for \#merge!.
- *
  *  With arguments and no block:
  *  * Returns +self+, after the given hashes are merged into it.
  *  * The given hashes are merged left to right.
@@ -4124,24 +4102,17 @@ assoc_cmp(VALUE a, VALUE b)
     return !RTEST(rb_equal(a, b));
 }
 
-static VALUE
-lookup2_call(VALUE arg)
-{
-    VALUE *args = (VALUE *)arg;
-    return rb_hash_lookup2(args[0], args[1], Qundef);
-}
-
-struct reset_hash_type_arg {
-    VALUE hash;
-    const struct st_hash_type *orighash;
+struct assoc_arg {
+    st_table *tbl;
+    st_data_t key;
 };
 
 static VALUE
-reset_hash_type(VALUE arg)
+assoc_lookup(VALUE arg)
 {
-    struct reset_hash_type_arg *p = (struct reset_hash_type_arg *)arg;
-    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(p->hash));
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE(p->hash)->type = p->orighash;
+    struct assoc_arg *p = (struct assoc_arg*)arg;
+    st_data_t data;
+    if (st_lookup(p->tbl, p->key, &data)) return (VALUE)data;
     return Qundef;
 }
 
@@ -4161,7 +4132,7 @@ assoc_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE arg)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.assoc(key) -> new_array or nil
  *
- *  If the given +key+ is found, returns a 2-element \Array containing that key and its value:
+ *  If the given +key+ is found, returns a 2-element Array containing that key and its value:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.assoc(:bar) # => [:bar, 1]
  *
@@ -4171,31 +4142,31 @@ assoc_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE arg)
 static VALUE
 rb_hash_assoc(VALUE hash, VALUE key)
 {
-    st_table *table;
-    const struct st_hash_type *orighash;
     VALUE args[2];
 
     if (RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash)) return Qnil;
 
-    ar_force_convert_table(hash, __FILE__, __LINE__);
-    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash));
-    table = RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
-    orighash = table->type;
-
-    if (orighash != &identhash) {
-        VALUE value;
-        struct reset_hash_type_arg ensure_arg;
-        struct st_hash_type assochash;
-
-        assochash.compare = assoc_cmp;
-        assochash.hash = orighash->hash;
-        table->type = &assochash;
-        args[0] = hash;
-        args[1] = key;
-        ensure_arg.hash = hash;
-        ensure_arg.orighash = orighash;
-        value = rb_ensure(lookup2_call, (VALUE)&args, reset_hash_type, (VALUE)&ensure_arg);
-        if (value != Qundef) return rb_assoc_new(key, value);
+    if (RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash) && RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type != &identhash) {
+        VALUE value = Qundef;
+        st_table assoctable = *RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash);
+        assoctable.type = &(struct st_hash_type){
+            .compare = assoc_cmp,
+            .hash = assoctable.type->hash,
+        };
+        VALUE arg = (VALUE)&(struct assoc_arg){
+            .tbl = &assoctable,
+            .key = (st_data_t)key,
+        };
+
+        if (RB_OBJ_FROZEN(hash)) {
+            value = assoc_lookup(arg);
+        }
+        else {
+            hash_iter_lev_inc(hash);
+            value = rb_ensure(assoc_lookup, arg, hash_foreach_ensure, hash);
+        }
+        hash_verify(hash);
+        if (!UNDEF_P(value)) return rb_assoc_new(key, value);
     }
 
     args[0] = key;
@@ -4220,7 +4191,7 @@ rassoc_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE arg)
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.rassoc(value) -> new_array or nil
  *
- *  Returns a new 2-element \Array consisting of the key and value
+ *  Returns a new 2-element Array consisting of the key and value
  *  of the first-found entry whose value is <tt>==</tt> to value
  *  (see {Entry Order}[rdoc-ref:Hash@Entry+Order]):
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 1}
@@ -4257,7 +4228,7 @@ flatten_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE ary)
  *     hash.flatten -> new_array
  *     hash.flatten(level) -> new_array
  *
- *  Returns a new \Array object that is a 1-dimensional flattening of +self+.
+ *  Returns a new Array object that is a 1-dimensional flattening of +self+.
  *
  *  ---
  *
@@ -4265,7 +4236,7 @@ flatten_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE ary)
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: [:bat, 3], baz: 2}
  *    h.flatten # => [:foo, 0, :bar, [:bat, 3], :baz, 2]
  *
- *  Takes the depth of recursive flattening from \Integer argument +level+:
+ *  Takes the depth of recursive flattening from Integer argument +level+:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: [:bat, [:baz, [:bat, ]]]}
  *    h.flatten(1) # => [:foo, 0, :bar, [:bat, [:baz, [:bat]]]]
  *    h.flatten(2) # => [:foo, 0, :bar, :bat, [:baz, [:bat]]]
@@ -4325,15 +4296,6 @@ delete_if_nil(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE hash)
     return ST_CONTINUE;
 }
 
-static int
-set_if_not_nil(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE hash)
-{
-    if (!NIL_P(value)) {
-        rb_hash_aset(hash, key, value);
-    }
-    return ST_CONTINUE;
-}
-
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.compact -> new_hash
@@ -4347,9 +4309,13 @@ set_if_not_nil(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE hash)
 static VALUE
 rb_hash_compact(VALUE hash)
 {
-    VALUE result = rb_hash_new();
+    VALUE result = rb_hash_dup(hash);
     if (!RHASH_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
-        rb_hash_foreach(hash, set_if_not_nil, result);
+        rb_hash_foreach(result, delete_if_nil, result);
+        compact_after_delete(result);
+    }
+    else if (rb_hash_compare_by_id_p(hash)) {
+        result = rb_hash_compare_by_id(result);
     }
     return result;
 }
@@ -4379,8 +4345,6 @@ rb_hash_compact_bang(VALUE hash)
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static st_table *rb_init_identtable_with_size(st_index_t size);
-
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.compare_by_identity -> self
@@ -4418,16 +4382,33 @@ rb_hash_compare_by_id(VALUE hash)
     if (rb_hash_compare_by_id_p(hash)) return hash;
 
     rb_hash_modify_check(hash);
-    ar_force_convert_table(hash, __FILE__, __LINE__);
-    HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash));
+    if (hash_iterating_p(hash)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "compare_by_identity during iteration");
+    }
 
-    tmp = hash_alloc(0);
-    identtable = rb_init_identtable_with_size(RHASH_SIZE(hash));
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(tmp, identtable);
-    rb_hash_foreach(hash, rb_hash_rehash_i, (VALUE)tmp);
-    st_free_table(RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash));
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, identtable);
-    RHASH_ST_CLEAR(tmp);
+    if (RHASH_TABLE_EMPTY_P(hash)) {
+        // Fast path: There's nothing to rehash, so we don't need a `tmp` table.
+        // We're most likely an AR table, so this will need an allocation.
+        ar_force_convert_table(hash, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+        HASH_ASSERT(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash));
+
+        RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type = &identhash;
+    }
+    else {
+        // Slow path: Need to rehash the members of `self` into a new
+        // `tmp` table using the new `identhash` compare/hash functions.
+        tmp = hash_alloc(0);
+        hash_st_table_init(tmp, &identhash, RHASH_SIZE(hash));
+        identtable = RHASH_ST_TABLE(tmp);
+
+        rb_hash_foreach(hash, rb_hash_rehash_i, (VALUE)tmp);
+        rb_hash_free(hash);
+
+        // We know for sure `identtable` is an st table,
+        // so we can skip `ar_force_convert_table` here.
+        RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, identtable);
+        RHASH_ST_CLEAR(tmp);
+    }
 
     return hash;
 }
@@ -4439,7 +4420,7 @@ rb_hash_compare_by_id(VALUE hash)
  *  Returns +true+ if #compare_by_identity has been called, +false+ otherwise.
  */
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_hash_compare_by_id_p(VALUE hash)
 {
     return RBOOL(RHASH_ST_TABLE_P(hash) && RHASH_ST_TABLE(hash)->type == &identhash);
@@ -4449,7 +4430,7 @@ VALUE
 rb_ident_hash_new(void)
 {
     VALUE hash = rb_hash_new();
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, st_init_table(&identhash));
+    hash_st_table_init(hash, &identhash, 0);
     return hash;
 }
 
@@ -4457,7 +4438,7 @@ VALUE
 rb_ident_hash_new_with_size(st_index_t size)
 {
     VALUE hash = rb_hash_new();
-    RHASH_ST_TABLE_SET(hash, st_init_table_with_size(&identhash, size));
+    hash_st_table_init(hash, &identhash, size);
     return hash;
 }
 
@@ -4467,12 +4448,6 @@ rb_init_identtable(void)
     return st_init_table(&identhash);
 }
 
-static st_table *
-rb_init_identtable_with_size(st_index_t size)
-{
-    return st_init_table_with_size(&identhash, size);
-}
-
 static int
 any_p_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
 {
@@ -4515,6 +4490,9 @@ any_p_i_pattern(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
  *  Returns +true+ if any element satisfies a given criterion;
  *  +false+ otherwise.
  *
+ *  If +self+ has no element, returns +false+ and argument or block
+ *  are not used.
+ *
  *  With no argument and no block,
  *  returns +true+ if +self+ is non-empty; +false+ if empty.
  *
@@ -4533,6 +4511,8 @@ any_p_i_pattern(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h.any? {|key, value| value < 3 } # => true
  *    h.any? {|key, value| value > 3 } # => false
+ *
+ *  Related: Enumerable#any?
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -4608,7 +4588,7 @@ hash_le_i(VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE arg)
 {
     VALUE *args = (VALUE *)arg;
     VALUE v = rb_hash_lookup2(args[0], key, Qundef);
-    if (v != Qundef && rb_equal(value, v)) return ST_CONTINUE;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(v) && rb_equal(value, v)) return ST_CONTINUE;
     args[1] = Qfalse;
     return ST_STOP;
 }
@@ -4710,7 +4690,7 @@ hash_proc_call(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(key, hash))
  *  call-seq:
  *    hash.to_proc -> proc
  *
- *  Returns a \Proc object that maps a key to its value:
+ *  Returns a Proc object that maps a key to its value:
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    proc = h.to_proc
  *    proc.class # => Proc
@@ -4724,6 +4704,7 @@ rb_hash_to_proc(VALUE hash)
     return rb_func_lambda_new(hash_proc_call, hash, 1, 1);
 }
 
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
 rb_hash_deconstruct_keys(VALUE hash, VALUE keys)
 {
@@ -4754,14 +4735,13 @@ rb_hash_add_new_element(VALUE hash, VALUE key, VALUE val)
     args[1] = val;
 
     if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash)) {
-        hash_ar_table(hash);
-
         ret = ar_update(hash, (st_data_t)key, add_new_i, (st_data_t)args);
         if (ret != -1) {
             return ret;
         }
-        ar_try_convert_table(hash);
+        ar_force_convert_table(hash, __FILE__, __LINE__);
     }
+
     tbl = RHASH_TBL_RAW(hash);
     return st_update(tbl, (st_data_t)key, add_new_i, (st_data_t)args);
 
@@ -4794,15 +4774,6 @@ rb_hash_bulk_insert(long argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
     if (argc > 0) {
         st_index_t size = argc / 2;
 
-        if (RHASH_TABLE_NULL_P(hash)) {
-            if (size <= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE) {
-                hash_ar_table(hash);
-            }
-            else {
-                RHASH_TBL_RAW(hash);
-            }
-        }
-
         if (RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(hash) &&
             (RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE(hash) + size <= RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE)) {
             ar_bulk_insert(hash, argc, argv);
@@ -4905,9 +4876,7 @@ has_env_with_lock(const char *name)
 static const char TZ_ENV[] = "TZ";
 
 static void *
-get_env_cstr(
-    VALUE str,
-    const char *name)
+get_env_cstr(VALUE str, const char *name)
 {
     char *var;
     rb_encoding *enc = rb_enc_get(str);
@@ -5230,7 +5199,7 @@ ruby_setenv(const char *name, const char *value)
         }
         ENV_UNLOCK();
 
-        if (ret) rb_sys_fail_str(rb_sprintf("setenv(%s)", name));
+        if (ret) rb_sys_fail_sprintf("setenv(%s)", name);
     }
     else {
 #ifdef VOID_UNSETENV
@@ -5247,7 +5216,7 @@ ruby_setenv(const char *name, const char *value)
         }
         ENV_UNLOCK();
 
-        if (ret) rb_sys_fail_str(rb_sprintf("unsetenv(%s)", name));
+        if (ret) rb_sys_fail_sprintf("unsetenv(%s)", name);
 #endif
     }
 #elif defined __sun
@@ -5264,7 +5233,7 @@ ruby_setenv(const char *name, const char *value)
         mem_size = len + strlen(value) + 2;
         mem_ptr = malloc(mem_size);
         if (mem_ptr == NULL)
-            rb_sys_fail_str(rb_sprintf("malloc(%"PRIuSIZE")", mem_size));
+            rb_sys_fail_sprintf("malloc(%"PRIuSIZE")", mem_size);
         snprintf(mem_ptr, mem_size, "%s=%s", name, value);
     }
 
@@ -5290,7 +5259,7 @@ ruby_setenv(const char *name, const char *value)
 
         if (ret) {
             free(mem_ptr);
-            rb_sys_fail_str(rb_sprintf("putenv(%s)", name));
+            rb_sys_fail_sprintf("putenv(%s)", name);
         }
     }
 #else  /* WIN32 */
@@ -5354,8 +5323,6 @@ ruby_unsetenv(const char *name)
  *   ENV[name] = value      -> value
  *   ENV.store(name, value) -> value
  *
- * ENV.store is an alias for ENV.[]=.
- *
  * Creates, updates, or deletes the named environment variable, returning the value.
  * Both +name+ and +value+ may be instances of String.
  * See {Valid Names and Values}[rdoc-ref:ENV@Valid+Names+and+Values].
@@ -5596,7 +5563,7 @@ env_each_value(VALUE ehash)
  *   ENV.each_pair { |name, value| block } -> ENV
  *   ENV.each_pair                         -> an_enumerator
  *
- * Yields each environment variable name and its value as a 2-element \Array:
+ * Yields each environment variable name and its value as a 2-element Array:
  *   h = {}
  *   ENV.each_pair { |name, value| h[name] = value } # => ENV
  *   h # => {"bar"=>"1", "foo"=>"0"}
@@ -5732,7 +5699,7 @@ env_delete_if(VALUE ehash)
  * Returns +nil+ in the Array for each name that is not an ENV name:
  *   ENV.values_at('foo', 'bat', 'bar', 'bam') # => ["0", nil, "1", nil]
  *
- * Returns an empty \Array if no names given.
+ * Returns an empty Array if no names given.
  *
  * Raises an exception if any name is invalid.
  * See {Invalid Names and Values}[rdoc-ref:ENV@Invalid+Names+and+Values].
@@ -5757,8 +5724,6 @@ env_values_at(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE _)
  *   ENV.filter { |name, value| block } -> hash of name/value pairs
  *   ENV.filter                         -> an_enumerator
  *
- * ENV.filter is an alias for ENV.select.
- *
  * Yields each environment variable name and its value as a 2-element Array,
  * returning a Hash of the names and values for which the block returns a truthy value:
  *   ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2')
@@ -5802,8 +5767,6 @@ env_select(VALUE ehash)
  *   ENV.filter! { |name, value| block } -> ENV or nil
  *   ENV.filter!                         -> an_enumerator
  *
- * ENV.filter! is an alias for ENV.select!.
- *
  * Yields each environment variable name and its value as a 2-element Array,
  * deleting each entry for which the block returns +false+ or +nil+,
  * and returning ENV if any deletions made, or +nil+ otherwise:
@@ -6114,8 +6077,6 @@ env_empty_p(VALUE _)
  *   ENV.member?(name)  -> true or false
  *   ENV.key?(name)     -> true or false
  *
- * ENV.has_key?, ENV.member?, and ENV.key? are aliases for ENV.include?.
- *
  * Returns +true+ if there is an environment variable with the given +name+:
  *   ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1')
  *   ENV.include?('foo') # => true
@@ -6596,8 +6557,6 @@ env_update_block_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE _)
  *   ENV.merge!(*hashes)                                     -> ENV
  *   ENV.merge!(*hashes) { |name, env_val, hash_val| block } -> ENV
  *
- * ENV.update is an alias for ENV.merge!.
- *
  * Adds to ENV each key/value pair in the given +hash+; returns ENV:
  *   ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1')
  *   ENV.merge!('baz' => '2', 'bat' => '3') # => {"bar"=>"1", "bat"=>"3", "baz"=>"2", "foo"=>"0"}
@@ -6689,8 +6648,8 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
 /*
  *  A \Hash maps each of its unique keys to a specific value.
  *
- *  A \Hash has certain similarities to an \Array, but:
- *  - An \Array index is always an \Integer.
+ *  A \Hash has certain similarities to an Array, but:
+ *  - An Array index is always an Integer.
  *  - A \Hash key can be (almost) any object.
  *
  *  === \Hash \Data Syntax
@@ -6700,14 +6659,14 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *    h = {:foo => 0, :bar => 1, :baz => 2}
  *    h # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
  *
- *  Alternatively, but only for a \Hash key that's a \Symbol,
+ *  Alternatively, but only for a \Hash key that's a Symbol,
  *  you can use a newer JSON-style syntax,
- *  where each bareword becomes a \Symbol:
+ *  where each bareword becomes a Symbol:
  *
  *    h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
  *    h # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
  *
- *  You can also use a \String in place of a bareword:
+ *  You can also use a String in place of a bareword:
  *
  *    h = {'foo': 0, 'bar': 1, 'baz': 2}
  *    h # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
@@ -6832,7 +6791,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *
  *  - Iterative methods such as <tt>each</tt>, <tt>each_key</tt>, <tt>each_pair</tt>, <tt>each_value</tt>.
  *  - Other order-sensitive methods such as <tt>shift</tt>, <tt>keys</tt>, <tt>values</tt>.
- *  - The \String returned by method <tt>inspect</tt>.
+ *  - The String returned by method <tt>inspect</tt>.
  *
  *  A new \Hash has its initial ordering per the given entries:
  *
@@ -6891,9 +6850,9 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *    h.include?(a0) # => true
  *    h[a0] # => 0
  *
- *  A \String key is always safe.
- *  That's because an unfrozen \String
- *  passed as a key will be replaced by a duplicated and frozen \String:
+ *  A String key is always safe.
+ *  That's because an unfrozen String
+ *  passed as a key will be replaced by a duplicated and frozen String:
  *
  *    s = 'foo'
  *    s.frozen? # => false
@@ -6907,9 +6866,9 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *  Note: this requirement does not apply if the \Hash uses #compare_by_identity since comparison will then
  *  rely on the keys' object id instead of <code>hash</code> and <code>eql?</code>.
  *
- *  \Object defines basic implementation for <code>hash</code> and <code>eq?</code> that makes each object
+ *  Object defines basic implementation for <code>hash</code> and <code>eq?</code> that makes each object
  *  a distinct key. Typically, user-defined classes will want to override these methods to provide meaningful
- *  behavior, or for example inherit \Struct that has useful definitions for these.
+ *  behavior, or for example inherit Struct that has useful definitions for these.
  *
  *  A typical implementation of <code>hash</code> is based on the
  *  object's data while <code>eql?</code> is usually aliased to the overridden
@@ -6932,7 +6891,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *      alias eql? ==
  *
  *      def hash
- *        @author.hash ^ @title.hash # XOR
+ *        [self.class, @author, @title].hash
  *      end
  *    end
  *
@@ -6990,7 +6949,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *
  *  To use a mutable object as default, it is recommended to use a default proc
  *
- *  ==== Default \Proc
+ *  ==== Default Proc
  *
  *  When the default proc for a \Hash is set (i.e., not +nil+),
  *  the default value returned by method #[] is determined by the default proc alone.
@@ -7030,6 +6989,10 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *
  *  Note that setting the default proc will clear the default value and vice versa.
  *
+ *  Be aware that a default proc that modifies the hash is not thread-safe in the
+ *  sense that multiple threads can call into the default proc concurrently for the
+ *  same key.
+ *
  *  === What's Here
  *
  *  First, what's elsewhere. \Class \Hash:
@@ -7087,7 +7050,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *  - #<=: Returns whether +self+ is a subset of a given object.
  *  - #==: Returns whether a given object is equal to +self+.
  *  - #>: Returns whether +self+ is a proper superset of a given object
- *  - #>=: Returns whether +self+ is a proper superset of a given object.
+ *  - #>=: Returns whether +self+ is a superset of a given object.
  *
  *  ==== Methods for Fetching
  *
@@ -7100,7 +7063,7 @@ static const rb_data_type_t env_data_type = {
  *  - #key: Returns the key for the first-found entry with a given value.
  *  - #keys: Returns an array containing all keys in +self+.
  *  - #rassoc: Returns a 2-element array consisting of the key and value
-      of the first-found entry having a given value.
+ *    of the first-found entry having a given value.
  *  - #values: Returns an array containing all values in +self+/
  *  - #values_at: Returns an array containing values for given keys.
  *
@@ -7164,7 +7127,6 @@ void
 Init_Hash(void)
 {
     id_hash = rb_intern_const("hash");
-    id_default = rb_intern_const("default");
     id_flatten_bang = rb_intern_const("flatten!");
     id_hash_iter_lev = rb_make_internal_id();
 
@@ -7266,15 +7228,15 @@ Init_Hash(void)
 
     /* Document-class: ENV
      *
-     * ENV is a hash-like accessor for environment variables.
+     * \ENV is a hash-like accessor for environment variables.
      *
      * === Interaction with the Operating System
      *
-     * The ENV object interacts with the operating system's environment variables:
+     * The \ENV object interacts with the operating system's environment variables:
      *
-     * - When you get the value for a name in ENV, the value is retrieved from among the current environment variables.
-     * - When you create or set a name-value pair in ENV, the name and value are immediately set in the environment variables.
-     * - When you delete a name-value pair in ENV, it is immediately deleted from the environment variables.
+     * - When you get the value for a name in \ENV, the value is retrieved from among the current environment variables.
+     * - When you create or set a name-value pair in \ENV, the name and value are immediately set in the environment variables.
+     * - When you delete a name-value pair in \ENV, it is immediately deleted from the environment variables.
      *
      * === Names and Values
      *
@@ -7324,24 +7286,24 @@ Init_Hash(void)
      *
      * === About Ordering
      *
-     * ENV enumerates its name/value pairs in the order found
+     * \ENV enumerates its name/value pairs in the order found
      * in the operating system's environment variables.
-     * Therefore the ordering of ENV content is OS-dependent, and may be indeterminate.
+     * Therefore the ordering of \ENV content is OS-dependent, and may be indeterminate.
      *
      * This will be seen in:
-     * - A Hash returned by an ENV method.
-     * - An Enumerator returned by an ENV method.
+     * - A Hash returned by an \ENV method.
+     * - An Enumerator returned by an \ENV method.
      * - An Array returned by ENV.keys, ENV.values, or ENV.to_a.
      * - The String returned by ENV.inspect.
      * - The Array returned by ENV.shift.
      * - The name returned by ENV.key.
      *
      * === About the Examples
-     * Some methods in ENV return ENV itself. Typically, there are many environment variables.
-     * It's not useful to display a large ENV in the examples here,
-     * so most example snippets begin by resetting the contents of ENV:
-     * - ENV.replace replaces ENV with a new collection of entries.
-     * - ENV.clear empties ENV.
+     * Some methods in \ENV return \ENV itself. Typically, there are many environment variables.
+     * It's not useful to display a large \ENV in the examples here,
+     * so most example snippets begin by resetting the contents of \ENV:
+     * - ENV.replace replaces \ENV with a new collection of entries.
+     * - ENV.clear empties \ENV.
      *
      * == What's Here
      *
@@ -7401,8 +7363,8 @@ Init_Hash(void)
      * - ::except: Returns a hash of all name/value pairs except those given.
      * - ::fetch: Returns the value for the given name.
      * - ::inspect: Returns the contents of \ENV as a string.
-     * - ::invert: Returns a hash whose keys are the ENV values,
-         and whose values are the corresponding ENV names.
+     * - ::invert: Returns a hash whose keys are the \ENV values,
+         and whose values are the corresponding \ENV names.
      * - ::keys: Returns an array of all names.
      * - ::rassoc: Returns the name and value of the first found entry
      *   that has the given value.
@@ -7491,7 +7453,7 @@ Init_Hash(void)
     rb_undef_method(envtbl_class, "initialize_dup");
 
     /*
-     * ENV is a Hash-like accessor for environment variables.
+     * \ENV is a Hash-like accessor for environment variables.
      *
      * See ENV (the class) for more details.
      */
diff --git a/hrtime.h b/hrtime.h
index 80aff5deb3..7ed4e6b04c 100644
--- a/hrtime.h
+++ b/hrtime.h
@@ -206,6 +206,7 @@ double2hrtime(rb_hrtime_t *hrt, double d)
     const double TIMESPEC_SEC_MAX_PLUS_ONE = 2.0 * (TIMESPEC_SEC_MAX_as_double / 2.0 + 1.0);
 
     if (TIMESPEC_SEC_MAX_PLUS_ONE <= d) {
+        *hrt = RB_HRTIME_MAX;
         return NULL;
     }
     else if (d <= 0) {
diff --git a/id_table.c b/id_table.c
index a9a041b955..650721c670 100644
--- a/id_table.c
+++ b/id_table.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ rb_id_table_init(struct rb_id_table *tbl, int capa)
     return tbl;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED struct rb_id_table *
+struct rb_id_table *
 rb_id_table_create(size_t capa)
 {
     struct rb_id_table *tbl = ALLOC(struct rb_id_table);
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ hash_table_show(struct rb_id_table *tbl)
 }
 #endif
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED int
+int
 rb_id_table_lookup(struct rb_id_table *tbl, ID id, VALUE *valp)
 {
     id_key_t key = id2key(id);
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ rb_id_table_insert_key(struct rb_id_table *tbl, const id_key_t key, const VALUE
     return TRUE;
 }
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED int
+int
 rb_id_table_insert(struct rb_id_table *tbl, ID id, VALUE val)
 {
     return rb_id_table_insert_key(tbl, id2key(id), val);
diff --git a/id_table.h b/id_table.h
index 9d9eb5648e..f72e2d1d92 100644
--- a/id_table.h
+++ b/id_table.h
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ struct rb_id_table *rb_id_table_create(size_t size);
 void rb_id_table_free(struct rb_id_table *tbl);
 void rb_id_table_clear(struct rb_id_table *tbl);
 
-size_t rb_id_table_size(const struct rb_id_table *tbl);
 size_t rb_id_table_memsize(const struct rb_id_table *tbl);
 
 int rb_id_table_insert(struct rb_id_table *tbl, ID id, VALUE val);
@@ -33,4 +32,8 @@ void rb_id_table_foreach(struct rb_id_table *tbl, rb_id_table_foreach_func_t *fu
 void rb_id_table_foreach_values(struct rb_id_table *tbl, rb_id_table_foreach_values_func_t *func, void *data);
 void rb_id_table_foreach_values_with_replace(struct rb_id_table *tbl, rb_id_table_foreach_values_func_t *func, rb_id_table_update_value_callback_func_t *replace, void *data);
 
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+size_t rb_id_table_size(const struct rb_id_table *tbl);
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
 #endif	/* RUBY_ID_TABLE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/atomic.h b/include/ruby/atomic.h
index 3eb80fbf7d..eb106631f6 100644
--- a/include/ruby/atomic.h
+++ b/include/ruby/atomic.h
@@ -139,6 +139,15 @@ typedef unsigned int rb_atomic_t;
     rbimpl_atomic_cas(&(var), (oldval), (newval))
 
 /**
+ * Atomic load. This loads `var` with an atomic intrinsic and returns
+ * its value.
+ *
+ * @param var  A variable of ::rb_atomic_t
+ * @return     What was stored in `var`j
+ */
+#define RUBY_ATOMIC_LOAD(var) rbimpl_atomic_load(&(var))
+
+/**
  * Identical to #RUBY_ATOMIC_EXCHANGE, except for the return type.
  *
  * @param   var   A variable of ::rb_atomic_t.
@@ -280,6 +289,17 @@ typedef unsigned int rb_atomic_t;
     RBIMPL_CAST(rbimpl_atomic_ptr_exchange((void **)&(var), (void *)val))
 
 /**
+ * Identical to #RUBY_ATOMIC_LOAD, except it expects its arguments are `void*`.
+ * There are cases where ::rb_atomic_t is 32bit while `void*` is 64bit.  This
+ * should be used for size related operations to support such platforms.
+ *
+ * @param   var        A variable of `void*`
+ * @return             The value of `var` (without tearing)
+ */
+#define RUBY_ATOMIC_PTR_LOAD(var) \
+    RBIMPL_CAST(rbimpl_atomic_ptr_load((void **)&var))
+
+/**
  * Identical to #RUBY_ATOMIC_CAS, except it expects its arguments are `void*`.
  * There are cases where ::rb_atomic_t is 32bit while `void*` is 64bit.  This
  * should be used for size related operations to support such platforms.
@@ -749,6 +769,21 @@ rbimpl_atomic_value_exchange(volatile VALUE *ptr, VALUE val)
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
+static inline rb_atomic_t
+rbimpl_atomic_load(volatile rb_atomic_t *ptr)
+{
+#if 0
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_GCC_ATOMIC_BUILTINS)
+    return __atomic_load_n(ptr, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#else
+    return rbimpl_atomic_fetch_add(ptr, 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
 static inline void
 rbimpl_atomic_set(volatile rb_atomic_t *ptr, rb_atomic_t val)
 {
@@ -875,6 +910,22 @@ rbimpl_atomic_ptr_cas(void **ptr, const void *oldval, const void *newval)
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
+static inline void *
+rbimpl_atomic_ptr_load(void **ptr)
+{
+#if 0
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_GCC_ATOMIC_BUILTINS)
+    return __atomic_load_n(ptr, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#else
+    void *val = *ptr;
+    return rbimpl_atomic_ptr_cas(ptr, val, val);
+#endif
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
 static inline VALUE
 rbimpl_atomic_value_cas(volatile VALUE *ptr, VALUE oldval, VALUE newval)
 {
diff --git a/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h b/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
index 73acfc9dc0..916d9e9d5b 100644
--- a/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
+++ b/include/ruby/backward/2/attributes.h
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/noinline.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/restrict.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
@@ -80,10 +81,8 @@
 #undef NOINLINE
 #define NOINLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NOINLINE() x
 
-#ifndef MJIT_HEADER
-# undef ALWAYS_INLINE
-# define ALWAYS_INLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() x
-#endif
+#undef ALWAYS_INLINE
+#define ALWAYS_INLINE(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_FORCEINLINE() x
 
 #undef ERRORFUNC
 #define ERRORFUNC(mesg, x) RBIMPL_ATTR_ERROR(mesg) x
@@ -147,17 +146,14 @@
 #define NORETURN(x) RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() x
 #define NORETURN_STYLE_NEW
 
-#ifndef PACKED_STRUCT
-# define PACKED_STRUCT(x) x
-#endif
+#undef PACKED_STRUCT
+#define PACKED_STRUCT(x) \
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN() x RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END()
 
-#ifndef PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED
-# if UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS
-#   define PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(x) PACKED_STRUCT(x)
-# else
-#   define PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(x) x
-# endif
-#endif
+#undef PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED
+#define PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(x) \
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN() x \
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END()
 
 #undef RB_UNUSED_VAR
 #define RB_UNUSED_VAR(x) x RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
diff --git a/include/ruby/debug.h b/include/ruby/debug.h
index c88da9c43d..f7c8e6ca8d 100644
--- a/include/ruby/debug.h
+++ b/include/ruby/debug.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
  *             modify this file, provided that  the conditions mentioned in the
  *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
  */
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/deprecated.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/returns_nonnull.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
@@ -51,6 +52,25 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((3))
 int rb_profile_frames(int start, int limit, VALUE *buff, int *lines);
 
 /**
+ * Queries mysterious "frame"s of the given range.
+ *
+ * A per-thread version of rb_profile_frames().
+ * Arguments and return values are the same with rb_profile_frames() with the
+ * exception of the first argument _thread_, which accepts the Thread to be
+ * profiled/queried.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   thread The Ruby Thread to be profiled.
+ * @param[in]   start  Start position (0 means the topmost).
+ * @param[in]   limit  Number objects of `buff`.
+ * @param[out]  buff   Return buffer.
+ * @param[out]  lines  Return buffer.
+ * @return      Number of objects filled into `buff`.
+ * @post        `buff` is filled with backtrace pointers.
+ * @post        `lines` is filled with `__LINE__` of each backtraces.
+ */
+int rb_profile_thread_frames(VALUE thread, int start, int limit, VALUE *buff, int *lines);
+
+/**
  * Queries the path of the passed backtrace.
  *
  * @param[in]  frame      What rb_profile_frames() returned.
@@ -207,6 +227,17 @@ typedef VALUE (*rb_debug_inspector_func_t)(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, void
 VALUE rb_debug_inspector_open(rb_debug_inspector_func_t func, void *data);
 
 /**
+ * Queries  the backtrace  object  of the  context.   This is  as  if you  call
+ * `caller_locations` at the point of debugger.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  dc  A debug context.
+ * @return     An array  of `Thread::Backtrace::Location` which  represents the
+ *             current point of execution at `dc`.
+
+ */
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_backtrace_locations(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc);
+
+/**
  * Queries the current receiver of the passed context's upper frame.
  *
  * @param[in]  dc           A debug context.
@@ -250,15 +281,27 @@ VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_binding_get(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long
 VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_iseq_get(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long index);
 
 /**
- * Queries  the backtrace  object  of the  context.   This is  as  if you  call
- * `caller_locations` at the point of debugger.
+ * Queries the depth of the passed context's upper frame.
  *
- * @param[in]  dc  A debug context.
- * @return     An array  of `Thread::Backtrace::Location` which  represents the
- *             current point of execution at `dc`.
+ * Note that the depth is not same as the frame index because debug_inspector
+ * skips some special frames but the depth counts all frames.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  dc           A debug context.
+ * @param[in]  index        Index of the frame from top to bottom.
+ * @exception  rb_eArgError `index` out of range.
+ * @retval     The depth at `index`-th frame in Integer.
+ */
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_frame_depth(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc, long index);
+
+// A macro to recognize `rb_debug_inspector_frame_depth()` is available or not
+#define RB_DEBUG_INSPECTOR_FRAME_DEPTH(dc, index) rb_debug_inspector_frame_depth(dc, index)
 
+/**
+ * Return current frmae depth.
+ *
+ * @retval     The depth of the current frame in Integer.
  */
-VALUE rb_debug_inspector_backtrace_locations(const rb_debug_inspector_t *dc);
+VALUE rb_debug_inspector_current_depth(void);
 
 /** @} */
 
@@ -573,48 +616,157 @@ VALUE rb_tracearg_object(rb_trace_arg_t *trace_arg);
 
 /*
  * Postponed Job API
- * rb_postponed_job_register and rb_postponed_job_register_one are
- * async-signal-safe and used via SIGPROF by the "stackprof" RubyGem
+ *
+ * This API is designed to be called from contexts where it is not safe to run Ruby
+ * code (e.g. because they do not hold the GVL or because GC is in progress), and
+ * defer a callback to run in a context where it _is_ safe. The primary intended
+ * users of this API is for sampling profilers like the "stackprof" gem; these work
+ * by scheduling the periodic delivery of a SIGPROF signal, and inside the C-level
+ * signal handler, deferring a job to collect a Ruby backtrace when it is next safe
+ * to do so.
+ *
+ * Ruby maintains a small, fixed-size postponed job table. An extension using this
+ * API should first call `rb_postponed_job_preregister` to register a callback
+ * function in this table and obtain a handle of type `rb_postponed_job_handle_t`
+ * to it. Subsequently, the callback can be triggered  by calling
+ * `rb_postponed_job_trigger` with that handle, or the `data` associated with the
+ * callback function can be changed by calling `rb_postponed_job_preregister` again.
+ *
+ * Because the postponed job table is quite small (it only has 32 entries on most
+ * common systems), extensions should generally only preregister one or two `func`
+ * values.
+ *
+ * Historically, this API provided two functions `rb_postponed_job_register` and
+ * `rb_postponed_job_register_one`, which claimed to be fully async-signal-safe and
+ * would call back the provided `func` and `data` at an appropriate time. However,
+ * these functions were subject to race conditions which could cause crashes when
+ * racing with Ruby's internal use of them. These two functions are still present,
+ * but are marked as deprecated and have slightly changed semantics:
+ *
+ * * rb_postponed_job_register now works like rb_postponed_job_register_one i.e.
+ *   `func` will only be executed at most one time each time Ruby checks for
+ *   interrupts, no matter how many times it is registered
+ * * They are also called with the last `data` to be registered, not the first
+ *   (which is how rb_postponed_job_register_one previously worked)
  */
 
+
 /**
  * Type of postponed jobs.
  *
- * @param[in,out]  arg What was passed to rb_postponed_job_register().
+ * @param[in,out]  arg What was passed to `rb_postponed_job_preregister`
  */
 typedef void (*rb_postponed_job_func_t)(void *arg);
 
 /**
- * Registers a postponed job.
+ * The type of a handle returned from `rb_postponed_job_preregister` and
+ * passed to `rb_postponed_job_trigger`
+ */
+typedef unsigned int rb_postponed_job_handle_t;
+#define POSTPONED_JOB_HANDLE_INVALID ((rb_postponed_job_handle_t)UINT_MAX)
+
+/**
+ * Pre-registers a func in Ruby's postponed job preregistration table,
+ * returning an opaque handle which can be used to trigger the job later. Generally,
+ * this function will be called during the initialization routine of an extension.
+ *
+ * The returned handle can be used later to call `rb_postponed_job_trigger`. This will
+ * cause Ruby to call back into the registered `func` with `data` at a later time, in
+ * a context where the GVL is held and it is safe to perform Ruby allocations.
+ *
+ * If the given `func` was already pre-registered, this function will overwrite the
+ * stored data with the newly passed data, and return the same handle instance as
+ * was previously returned.
+ *
+ * If this function is called concurrently with the same `func`, then the stored data
+ * could be the value from either call (but will definitely be one of them).
+ *
+ * If this function is called to update the data concurrently with a call to
+ * `rb_postponed_job_trigger` on the same handle, it's undefined whether `func` will
+ * be called with the old data or the new data.
+ *
+ * Although the current implementation of this function is in fact async-signal-safe and
+ * has defined semantics when called concurrently on the same `func`, a future Ruby
+ * version might require that this method be called under the GVL; thus, programs which
+ * aim to be forward-compatible should call this method whilst holding the GVL.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   flags       Unused and ignored
+ * @param[in]   func        The function to be pre-registered
+ * @param[in]   data        The data to be pre-registered
+ * @retval      POSTPONED_JOB_HANDLE_INVALID    The job table is full; this registration
+ *                          did not succeed and no further registration will do so for
+ *                          the lifetime of the program.
+ * @retval      otherwise   A handle which can be passed to `rb_postponed_job_trigger`
+ */
+rb_postponed_job_handle_t rb_postponed_job_preregister(unsigned int flags, rb_postponed_job_func_t func, void *data);
+
+/**
+ * Triggers a pre-registered job registered with rb_postponed_job_preregister,
+ * scheduling it for execution the next time the Ruby VM checks for interrupts.
+ * The context in which the job is called in holds the GVL and is safe to perform
+ * Ruby allocations within (i.e. it is not during GC).
+ *
+ * This method is async-signal-safe and can be called from any thread, at any
+ * time, including in signal handlers.
  *
- * There  are situations  when running  a ruby  program is  not possible.   For
- * instance when  a program is in  a signal handler; for  another instance when
- * the GC  is busy.   On such situations  however, there might  be needs  to do
- * something.  We cannot but defer such operations until we are 100% sure it is
- * safe  to execute  them.   This  mechanism is  called  postponed jobs.   This
- * function  registers a  new one.   The registered  job would  eventually gets
- * executed.
+ * If this method is called multiple times, Ruby will coalesce this into only
+ * one call to the job the next time it checks for interrupts.
+ *
+ * @params[in]  h   A handle returned from rb_postponed_job_preregister
+ */
+void rb_postponed_job_trigger(rb_postponed_job_handle_t h);
+
+/**
+ * Schedules the given `func` to be called with `data` when Ruby next checks for
+ * interrupts. If this function is called multiple times in between Ruby checking
+ * for interrupts, then `func` will be called only once with the `data` value from
+ * the first call to this function.
  *
- * @param[in]      flags      (Unused) reserved for future extensions.
+ * Like `rb_postponed_job_trigger`, the context in which the job is called
+ * holds the GVL and can allocate Ruby objects.
+ *
+ * This method essentially has the same semantics as:
+ *
+ * ```
+ *   rb_postponed_job_trigger(rb_postponed_job_preregister(func, data));
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @note    Previous versions of Ruby promised that the (`func`, `data`) pairs would
+ *          be executed as many times as they were registered with this function; in
+ *          reality this was always subject to race conditions and this function no
+ *          longer provides this guarantee. Instead, multiple calls to this function
+ *          can be coalesced into a single execution of the passed `func`, with the
+ *          most recent `data` registered at that time passed in.
+ *
+ * @deprecated  This interface implies that arbitrarily many `func`'s can be enqueued
+ *              over the lifetime of the program, whilst in reality the registration
+ *              slots for postponed jobs are a finite resource. This is made clearer
+ *              by the `rb_postponed_job_preregister` and `rb_postponed_job_trigger`
+ *              functions, and a future version of Ruby might delete this function.
+ *
+ * @param[in]      flags      Unused and ignored.
  * @param[in]      func       Job body.
  * @param[in,out]  data       Passed as-is to `func`.
- * @retval         0          Postponed job buffer is full.  Failed.
- * @retval         otherwise  Opaque return value.
- * @post           The passed job is postponed.
+ * @retval         0          Postponed job registration table is full. Failed.
+ * @retval         1          Registration succeeded.
+ * @post           The passed job will run on the next interrupt check.
  */
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("use rb_postponed_job_preregister and rb_postponed_job_trigger"))
 int rb_postponed_job_register(unsigned int flags, rb_postponed_job_func_t func, void *data);
 
 /**
- * Identical to rb_postponed_job_register_one(),  except it additionally checks
- * for  duplicated registration.   In case  the passed  job is  already in  the
- * postponed job buffer this function does nothing.
+ * Identical to `rb_postponed_job_register`
+ *
+ * @deprecated  This is deprecated for the same reason as `rb_postponed_job_register`
  *
- * @param[in]      flags      (Unused) reserved for future extensions.
+ * @param[in]      flags      Unused and ignored.
  * @param[in]      func       Job body.
  * @param[in,out]  data       Passed as-is to `func`.
- * @retval         0          Postponed job buffer is full.  Failed.
- * @retval         otherwise  Opaque return value.
+ * @retval         0          Postponed job registration table is full. Failed.
+ * @retval         1          Registration succeeded.
+ * @post           The passed job will run on the next interrupt check.
  */
+ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("use rb_postponed_job_preregister and rb_postponed_job_trigger"))
 int rb_postponed_job_register_one(unsigned int flags, rb_postponed_job_func_t func, void *data);
 
 /** @} */
diff --git a/include/ruby/fiber/scheduler.h b/include/ruby/fiber/scheduler.h
index 9f67bd5bf6..8f3d383330 100644
--- a/include/ruby/fiber/scheduler.h
+++ b/include/ruby/fiber/scheduler.h
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
+#define RUBY_FIBER_SCHEDULER_VERSION 2
+
 struct timeval;
 
 /**
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_get(void);
  * current  thread  will  call  scheduler's  `#close`  method  on  finalisation
  * (allowing  the  scheduler  to  properly  manage  all  non-finished  fibers).
  * `scheduler`   can   be   an   object   of   any   class   corresponding   to
- * `Fiber::SchedulerInterface`. Its implementation is up to the user.
+ * `Fiber::Scheduler` interface. Its implementation is up to the user.
  *
  * @param[in]  scheduler     The scheduler to set.
  * @exception  rb_eArgError  `scheduler` does not conform the interface.
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_make_timeout(struct timeval *timeout);
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_close(VALUE scheduler);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking  `sleep`.   Depending  on  scheduler  implementation,  this  for
+ * Non-blocking  `sleep`.  Depending  on  scheduler  implementation,  this  for
  * instance switches to another fiber etc.
  *
  * @param[in]  scheduler  Target scheduler.
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ int rb_fiber_scheduler_supports_process_wait(VALUE scheduler);
 #endif
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking  `waitpid`.  Depending  on  scheduler  implementation, this  for
+ * Non-blocking `waitpid`.  Depending  on  scheduler  implementation, this  for
  * instance switches to another fiber etc.
  *
  * @param[in]  scheduler  Target scheduler.
@@ -183,7 +185,7 @@ int rb_fiber_scheduler_supports_process_wait(VALUE scheduler);
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_process_wait(VALUE scheduler, rb_pid_t pid, int flags);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking  wait   for  the  passed   "blocker",  which  is   for  instance
+ * Non-blocking  wait  for  the  passed   "blocker",  which  is   for  instance
  * `Thread.join` or `Mutex.lock`.  Depending  on scheduler implementation, this
  * for instance switches to another fiber etc.
  *
@@ -205,8 +207,8 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_block(VALUE scheduler, VALUE blocker, VALUE timeout);
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_unblock(VALUE scheduler, VALUE blocker, VALUE fiber);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking version of rb_io_wait().  Depending on scheduler implementation,
- * this for instance switches to another fiber etc.
+ * Non-blocking version of rb_io_wait().  Depending on scheduler
+ * implementation, this for instance switches to another fiber etc.
  *
  * The  "events" here  is a  Ruby level  integer, which  is an  OR-ed value  of
  * `IO::READABLE`, `IO::WRITABLE`, and `IO::PRIORITY`.
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_unblock(VALUE scheduler, VALUE blocker, VALUE fiber);
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE events, VALUE timeout);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking  wait until  the passed  IO  is ready  for reading.   This is  a
+ * Non-blocking  wait until the passed  IO  is ready  for reading.   This is  a
  * special  case   of  rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait(),  where  the   interest  is
  * `IO::READABLE` and timeout is never.
  *
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE events, VALUE
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait_readable(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking  wait until  the passed  IO  is ready  for writing.   This is  a
+ * Non-blocking  wait until  the passed  IO  is ready  for writing.   This is a
  * special  case   of  rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait(),  where  the   interest  is
  * `IO::WRITABLE` and timeout is never.
  *
@@ -242,83 +244,135 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait_readable(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io);
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait_writable(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking read from the passed IO.
+ * Non-blocking version of `IO.select`.
+ *
+ * It's possible that this will be emulated using a thread, so you should not
+ * rely on it for high performance.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  scheduler    Target scheduler.
+ * @param[in]  readables    An array of readable objects.
+ * @param[in]  writables    An array of writable objects.
+ * @param[in]  exceptables  An array of objects that might encounter exceptional conditions.
+ * @param[in]  timeout      Numeric timeout or nil.
+ * @return     What `scheduler.io_select` returns, normally a 3-tuple of arrays of ready objects.
+ */
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_select(VALUE scheduler, VALUE readables, VALUE writables, VALUE exceptables, VALUE timeout);
+
+/**
+ * Non-blocking version of `IO.select`, `argv` variant.
+ */
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_selectv(VALUE scheduler, int argc, VALUE *argv);
+
+/**
+ * Non-blocking read from the passed IO.
  *
  * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
- * @param[out]  io           An io object to read from.
- * @param[out]  buffer       Return buffer.
- * @param[in]   length       Requested number of bytes to read.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to read from.
+ * @param[in]   buffer       The buffer to read to.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to read.
+ * @param[in]   offset       The offset in the buffer to read from.
  * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_read`.
  * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_read` returns `[-errno, size]`.
  */
-VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE buffer, size_t length);
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE buffer, size_t length, size_t offset);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking write to the passed IO.
+ * Non-blocking write to the passed IO.
  *
  * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
- * @param[out]  io           An io object to write to.
- * @param[in]   buffer       What to write.
- * @param[in]   length       Number of bytes to write.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to write to.
+ * @param[in]   buffer       The buffer to write from.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to write.
+ * @param[in]   offset       The offset in the buffer to write from.
  * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_write`.
  * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_write` returns `[-errno, size]`.
  */
-VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE buffer, size_t length);
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE buffer, size_t length, size_t offset);
+
+/**
+ * Non-blocking read from the passed IO at the specified offset.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to read from.
+ * @param[in]   from         The offset to read from.
+ * @param[in]   buffer       The buffer to read to.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to read.
+ * @param[in]   offset       The offset in the buffer to read to.
+ * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_read`.
+ * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_read` returns.
+ */
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pread(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, VALUE buffer, size_t length, size_t offset);
+
+/**
+ * Non-blocking write to the passed IO at the specified offset.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to write to.
+ * @param[in]   from         The offset to write to.
+ * @param[in]   buffer       The buffer to write from.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to write.
+ * @param[in]   offset       The offset in the buffer to write from.
+ * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_write`.
+ * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_write` returns.
+ */
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pwrite(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, VALUE buffer, size_t length, size_t offset);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking read from the passed IO at the specified offset.
+ * Non-blocking read from the passed IO using a native buffer.
  *
  * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
- * @param[out]  io           An io object to read from.
- * @param[out]  buffer       Return buffer.
- * @param[in]   length       Requested number of bytes to read.
- * @param[in]   offset       The offset in the given IO to read the data from.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to read from.
+ * @param[in]   base         The memory to read to.
+ * @param[in]   size         Size of the memory.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to read.
  * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_read`.
  * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_read` returns.
  */
-VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pread(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE buffer, size_t length, off_t offset);
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, void *base, size_t size, size_t length);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking write to the passed IO at the specified offset.
+ * Non-blocking write to the passed IO using a native buffer.
  *
  * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
- * @param[out]  io           An io object to write to.
- * @param[in]   buffer       What to write.
- * @param[in]   length       Number of bytes to write.
- * @param[in]   offset       The offset in the given IO to write the data to.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to write to.
+ * @param[in]   base         The memory to write from.
+ * @param[in]   size         Size of the memory.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to write.
  * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_write`.
  * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_write` returns.
  */
-VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pwrite(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, VALUE buffer, size_t length, off_t offset);
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, const void *base, size_t size, size_t length);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking read from the passed IO using a native buffer.
+ * Non-blocking pread from the passed IO using a native buffer.
  *
  * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
- * @param[out]  io           An io object to read from.
- * @param[out]  buffer       Return buffer.
- * @param[in]   size         Size of the return buffer.
- * @param[in]   length       Requested number of bytes to read.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to read from.
+ * @param[in]   from         The offset to read from.
+ * @param[in]   base         The memory to read to.
+ * @param[in]   size         Size of the memory.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to read.
  * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_read`.
  * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_read` returns.
  */
-VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, void *buffer, size_t size, size_t length);
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pread_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, void *base, size_t size, size_t length);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking write to the passed IO using a native buffer.
+ * Non-blocking pwrite to the passed IO using a native buffer.
  *
  * @param[in]   scheduler    Target scheduler.
- * @param[out]  io           An io object to write to.
- * @param[in]   buffer       What to write.
- * @param[in]   size         Size of the buffer.
- * @param[in]   length       Number of bytes to write.
+ * @param[in]   io           An io object to write to.
+ * @param[in]   from         The offset to write from.
+ * @param[in]   base         The memory to write from.
+ * @param[in]   size         Size of the memory.
+ * @param[in]   length       The minimum number of bytes to write.
  * @retval      RUBY_Qundef  `scheduler` doesn't have `#io_write`.
  * @return      otherwise    What `scheduler.io_write` returns.
  */
-VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, const void *buffer, size_t size, size_t length);
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pwrite_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, const void *base, size_t size, size_t length);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking close the given IO.
+ * Non-blocking close the given IO.
  *
  * @param[in]  scheduler    Target scheduler.
  * @param[in]  io           An io object to close.
@@ -328,7 +382,7 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write_memory(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io, const void *
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_close(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io);
 
 /**
- * Nonblocking DNS lookup.
+ * Non-blocking DNS lookup.
  *
  * @param[in]  scheduler    Target scheduler.
  * @param[in]  hostname     A host name to query.
@@ -337,6 +391,12 @@ VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_io_close(VALUE scheduler, VALUE io);
  */
 VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_address_resolve(VALUE scheduler, VALUE hostname);
 
+/**
+ * Create and schedule a non-blocking fiber.
+ *
+ */
+VALUE rb_fiber_scheduler_fiber(VALUE scheduler, int argc, VALUE *argv, int kw_splat);
+
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
 #endif /* RUBY_FIBER_SCHEDULER_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/intern.h b/include/ruby/intern.h
index 2480e2e703..48e4cd546e 100644
--- a/include/ruby/intern.h
+++ b/include/ruby/intern.h
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 #include "ruby/internal/intern/error.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/intern/eval.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/intern/file.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/intern/gc.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/intern/hash.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/intern/io.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/intern/load.h"
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/abi.h b/include/ruby/internal/abi.h
index fe1977a9a1..8e1bbf3951 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/abi.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/abi.h
@@ -24,13 +24,14 @@
  * In released versions of Ruby, this number is not defined since teeny
  * versions of Ruby should guarantee ABI compatibility.
  */
-#define RUBY_ABI_VERSION 2
+#define RUBY_ABI_VERSION 0
 
 /* Windows does not support weak symbols so ruby_abi_version will not exist
  * in the shared library. */
 #if defined(HAVE_FUNC_WEAK) && !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
 # define RUBY_DLN_CHECK_ABI
 #endif
+#endif  /* RUBY_ABI_VERSION */
 
 #ifdef RUBY_DLN_CHECK_ABI
 
@@ -41,7 +42,11 @@ extern "C" {
 RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED unsigned long long __attribute__((weak))
 ruby_abi_version(void)
 {
+# ifdef RUBY_ABI_VERSION
     return RUBY_ABI_VERSION;
+# else
+    return 0;
+# endif
 }
 
 # ifdef __cplusplus
@@ -51,5 +56,3 @@ ruby_abi_version(void)
 #endif
 
 #endif
-
-#endif
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h b/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
index 9d8d16fdab..e3e1b6166d 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/anyargs.h
@@ -239,15 +239,16 @@
 # define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_13(n)           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 13, rb_define_method_13,           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_12(n))
 # define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_14(n)           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 14, rb_define_method_14,           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_13(n))
 # define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_15(n)           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH((n) == 15, rb_define_method_15,           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_14(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_singleton_method_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_15(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_protected_method_m3, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_15(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method(n, f)   RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_private_method_m3,   RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_15(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function(n, f)  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_module_function_m3,  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_15(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function(n, f)  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_global_function_m3,  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_15(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id(n, f)        RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_method_id_m3,        RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_15(n))
-# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method(n, f)           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_method_m3,           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_singleton_method_notimpl, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_singleton_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method(n, f) RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_protected_method_notimpl, RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_protected_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method(n, f)   RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_private_method_notimpl,   RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_private_method_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function(n, f)  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_module_function_notimpl,  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_module_function_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function(n, f)  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_global_function_notimpl,  RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_global_function_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id(n, f)        RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_method_id_notimpl,        RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_id_15(n))
+# define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method(n, f)           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH(RBIMPL_CFUNC_IS_rb_f_notimplement(f), rb_define_method_notimpl,           RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DISPATCH_rb_define_method_15(n))
 # define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED() RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) RBIMPL_ATTR_WEAKREF(sym)
 # define RBIMPL_ANYARGS_DECL(sym, ...) \
+RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _notimpl(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(int, const VALUE *, VALUE, VALUE), int); \
 RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _m3(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(ANYARGS), int); \
 RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _m2(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(VALUE, VALUE), int); \
 RBIMPL_ANYARGS_ATTRSET(sym) static void sym ## _m1(__VA_ARGS__, VALUE(*)(int, union { VALUE *x; const VALUE *y; } __attribute__((__transparent_union__)), VALUE), int); \
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
index ea3001df2a..7c3f92f1e7 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/noexcept.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
  *       get smarter and  smarter.  Today they can infer if  it actually throws
  *       or not without any annotations by humans (correct me if I'm wrong).
  *
- *     - When an inline function attributed `noexcepr` actually _does_ throw an
+ *     - When an inline function attributed `noexcept` actually _does_ throw an
  *       exception:  they  have to  call  `std::terminate`  then (C++  standard
  *       mandates  so).  This  means exception  handling routines  are actually
  *       enforced, not  omitted.  This doesn't impact  runtime performance (The
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h b/include/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0678b9acc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_H                 /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
+#define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_H
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @author     Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
+ * @copyright  This  file  is   a  part  of  the   programming  language  Ruby.
+ *             Permission  is hereby  granted,  to  either redistribute  and/or
+ *             modify this file, provided that  the conditions mentioned in the
+ *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
+ * @warning    Symbols   prefixed  with   either  `RBIMPL`   or  `rbimpl`   are
+ *             implementation details.   Don't take  them as canon.  They could
+ *             rapidly appear then vanish.  The name (path) of this header file
+ *             is also an  implementation detail.  Do not expect  it to persist
+ *             at the place it is now.  Developers are free to move it anywhere
+ *             anytime at will.
+ * @note       To  ruby-core:  remember  that   this  header  can  be  possibly
+ *             recursively included  from extension  libraries written  in C++.
+ *             Do not  expect for  instance `__VA_ARGS__` is  always available.
+ *             We assume C99  for ruby itself but we don't  assume languages of
+ *             extension libraries.  They could be written in C++98.
+ * @brief      Defines #RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN,
+ *             #RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END,
+ *             #RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN, and
+ *             #RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END.
+ */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN() /* void */
+#endif
+#ifndef RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#if UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN() RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_BEGIN()
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END() RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_END()
+#else
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN() /* void */
+# define RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END() /* void */
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/config.h b/include/ruby/internal/config.h
index 0c434e5b05..da070f0979 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/config.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/config.h
@@ -113,6 +113,8 @@
 # define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
 #elif defined(__powerpc64__)
 # define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
+#elif defined(__POWERPC__) // __POWERPC__ is defined for ppc and ppc64 on Darwin
+# define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
 #elif defined(__aarch64__)
 # define UNALIGNED_WORD_ACCESS 1
 #elif defined(__mc68020__)
@@ -146,8 +148,4 @@
 # undef RBIMPL_TEST3
 #endif /* HAVE_VA_ARGS_MACRO */
 
-#ifndef USE_RVARGC
-# define USE_RVARGC 1
-#endif
-
 #endif /* RBIMPL_CONFIG_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
index c3bb40be25..90690fe794 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rarray.h
@@ -29,25 +29,13 @@
 #include "ruby/internal/core/rbasic.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/fl_type.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/rgengc.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/gc.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/value.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/value_type.h"
 #include "ruby/assert.h"
 
 /**
- * @private
- * @warning  Do not touch this macro.
- * @warning  It is an implementation detail.
- * @warning  The  value of  this  macro  must match  for  ruby  itself and  all
- *           extension  libraries, otherwise  serious  memory corruption  shall
- *           occur.
- */
-#ifndef USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-# define USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP 1
-#endif
-
-/**
  * Convenient casting macro.
  *
  * @param   obj  An object, which is in fact an ::RArray.
@@ -59,15 +47,9 @@
 #define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK  RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK
 #define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX   RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX
 #define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-# define RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG
-#else
-# define RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG 0
-#endif
 /** @endcond */
 #define RARRAY_LEN                 rb_array_len                 /**< @alias{rb_array_len} */
 #define RARRAY_CONST_PTR           rb_array_const_ptr           /**< @alias{rb_array_const_ptr} */
-#define RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT rb_array_const_ptr_transient /**< @alias{rb_array_const_ptr_transient} */
 
 /** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
 #if defined(__fcc__) || defined(__fcc_version) || \
@@ -80,7 +62,6 @@
 
 #define RARRAY_EMBED_LEN   RARRAY_EMBED_LEN
 #define RARRAY_LENINT      RARRAY_LENINT
-#define RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P
 #define RARRAY_ASET        RARRAY_ASET
 #define RARRAY_PTR         RARRAY_PTR
 /** @endcond */
@@ -130,30 +111,8 @@ enum ruby_rarray_flags {
      * 3rd parties must  not be aware that  there even is more than  one way to
      * store array elements.  It was a bad idea to expose this to them.
      */
-#if USE_RVARGC
     RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK  = RUBY_FL_USER9 | RUBY_FL_USER8 | RUBY_FL_USER7 | RUBY_FL_USER6 |
                                  RUBY_FL_USER5 | RUBY_FL_USER4 | RUBY_FL_USER3
-#else
-    RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK  = RUBY_FL_USER4 | RUBY_FL_USER3
-#endif
-
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    ,
-
-    /**
-     * This flag has something to do with an array's "transiency".  A transient
-     * array is an  array of young generation (of generational  GC), who stores
-     * its elements inside  of dedicated memory pages called  a transient heap.
-     * Not  every  young  generation  share  that  storage  scheme,  but  elder
-     * generations must no join.
-     *
-     * @internal
-     *
-     * 3rd parties must  not be aware that  there even is more than  one way to
-     * store array elements.  It was a bad idea to expose this to them.
-     */
-    RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG  = RUBY_FL_USER13
-#endif
 };
 
 /**
@@ -163,13 +122,6 @@ enum ruby_rarray_flags {
 enum ruby_rarray_consts {
     /** Where ::RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK resides. */
     RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT = RUBY_FL_USHIFT + 3
-
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    ,
-
-    /** Max possible number elements that can be embedded. */
-    RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX   = RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(VALUE)
-#endif
 };
 
 /** Ruby's array. */
@@ -228,16 +180,12 @@ struct RArray {
          * to store its elements.  In this  case the length is encoded into the
          * flags.
          */
-#if USE_RVARGC
         /* This is a length 1 array because:
          *   1. GCC has a bug that does not optimize C flexible array members
          *      (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=102452)
          *   2. Zero length arrays are not supported by all compilers
          */
         const VALUE ary[1];
-#else
-        const VALUE ary[RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX];
-#endif
     } as;
 };
 
@@ -264,16 +212,6 @@ VALUE *rb_ary_ptr_use_start(VALUE ary);
  */
 void rb_ary_ptr_use_end(VALUE a);
 
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-/**
- * Destructively converts an array of transient backend into ordinal one.
- *
- * @param[out]  a  An object of ::RArray.
- * @pre         `a` must be a transient array.
- * @post        `a` gets out of transient heap, destructively.
- */
-void rb_ary_detransient(VALUE a);
-#endif
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
@@ -346,33 +284,6 @@ RARRAY_LENINT(VALUE ary)
 }
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
-RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
-/**
- * Queries if the array is a transient array.
- *
- * @param[in]  ary    Array in question.
- * @retval     true   Yes it is.
- * @retval     false  No it isn't.
- * @pre        `ary` must be an instance of ::RArray.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * @shyouhei  doesn't  understand the  benefit  of  this function  called  from
- * extension libraries.
- */
-static inline bool
-RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE ary)
-{
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(ary, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
-
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    return RB_FL_ANY_RAW(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 /**
  * @private
  *
@@ -383,7 +294,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
  * @return     Its backend storage.
  */
 static inline const VALUE *
-rb_array_const_ptr_transient(VALUE a)
+rb_array_const_ptr(VALUE a)
 {
     RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
 
@@ -395,102 +306,21 @@ rb_array_const_ptr_transient(VALUE a)
     }
 }
 
-#if ! USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
-#endif
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This is  an implementation  detail of  RARRAY_PTR().  People  do not  use it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]  a  An object of ::RArray.
- * @return     Its backend storage.
- * @post       `a` is not a transient array.
- */
-static inline const VALUE *
-rb_array_const_ptr(VALUE a)
-{
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
-
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(a)) {
-        rb_ary_detransient(a);
-    }
-#endif
-    return rb_array_const_ptr_transient(a);
-}
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This is an  implementation detail of #RARRAY_PTR_USE.  People do  not use it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]  a                An object of ::RArray.
- * @param[in]  allow_transient  Whether `a` can be transient or not.
- * @return     Its backend storage.
- * @post       `a` is not a transient array unless `allow_transient`.
- */
-static inline VALUE *
-rb_array_ptr_use_start(VALUE a,
-                       RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-                       int allow_transient)
-{
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
-
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    if (!allow_transient) {
-        if (RARRAY_TRANSIENT_P(a)) {
-            rb_ary_detransient(a);
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-    return rb_ary_ptr_use_start(a);
-}
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This is an  implementation detail of #RARRAY_PTR_USE.  People do  not use it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]  a                An object of ::RArray.
- * @param[in]  allow_transient  Whether `a` can be transient or not.
- */
-static inline void
-rb_array_ptr_use_end(VALUE a,
-                     RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-                     int allow_transient)
-{
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(a, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
-    rb_ary_ptr_use_end(a);
-}
-
 /**
  * @private
  *
  * This is an  implementation detail of #RARRAY_PTR_USE.  People do  not use it
  * directly.
  */
-#define RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(flag, ary, var, expr) do {        \
+#define RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(ary, var, expr) do {        \
     RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE((ary), RUBY_T_ARRAY);                 \
     const VALUE rbimpl_ary = (ary);                          \
-    VALUE *var = rb_array_ptr_use_start(rbimpl_ary, (flag)); \
+    VALUE *var = rb_ary_ptr_use_start(rbimpl_ary); \
     expr;                                                   \
-    rb_array_ptr_use_end(rbimpl_ary, (flag));                \
+    rb_ary_ptr_use_end(rbimpl_ary);                \
 } while (0)
 
 /**
- * @private
- *
- * This is an  implementation detail of #RARRAY_PTR_USE.  People do  not use it
- * directly.
- */
-#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_END(a) rb_array_ptr_use_end(a, 0)
-
-/**
  * Declares a section of code where raw pointers are used.  In case you need to
  * touch the raw C array instead of  polite CAPIs, then that operation shall be
  * wrapped using this macro.
@@ -516,21 +346,11 @@ rb_array_ptr_use_end(VALUE a,
  * them use it...  Maybe some transition path can be implemented later.
  */
 #define RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr_name, expr)     \
-    RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(0, ary, ptr_name, expr)
-
-/**
- * Identical to #RARRAY_PTR_USE, except the pointer can be a transient one.
- *
- * @param  ary       An object of ::RArray.
- * @param  ptr_name  A variable name which points the C array in `expr`.
- * @param  expr      The expression that touches `ptr_name`.
- */
-#define RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr_name, expr)   \
-    RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(1, ary, ptr_name, expr)
+    RBIMPL_RARRAY_STMT(ary, ptr_name, expr)
 
 /**
  * Wild  use of  a  C  pointer.  This  function  accesses  the backend  storage
- * directly.   This is  slower  than  #RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT.  It  exercises
+ * directly.   This is  slower  than  #RARRAY_PTR_USE.  It  exercises
  * extra manoeuvres  to protect our generational  GC.  Use of this  function is
  * considered archaic.  Use a modern way instead.
  *
@@ -565,7 +385,7 @@ RARRAY_PTR(VALUE ary)
 static inline void
 RARRAY_ASET(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE v)
 {
-    RARRAY_PTR_USE_TRANSIENT(ary, ptr,
+    RARRAY_PTR_USE(ary, ptr,
         RB_OBJ_WRITE(ary, &ptr[i], v));
 }
 
@@ -580,6 +400,6 @@ RARRAY_ASET(VALUE ary, long i, VALUE v)
  * remains as  it is due to  that.  If we could  warn such usages we  can set a
  * transition path, but currently no way is found to do so.
  */
-#define RARRAY_AREF(a, i) RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(a)[i]
+#define RARRAY_AREF(a, i) RARRAY_CONST_PTR(a)[i]
 
 #endif /* RBIMPL_RARRAY_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
index f8dddde9e5..a0eb8cb833 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rfile.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 /* rb_io_t is in ruby/io.h.  The header file has historically not been included
  * into ruby/ruby.h.  We follow that tradition. */
-struct rb_io_t;
+struct rb_io;
 
 /**
  * Ruby's File  and IO.  Ruby's  IO are not  just file descriptors.   They have
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ struct RFile {
     struct RBasic basic;
 
     /** IO's specific fields. */
-    struct rb_io_t *fptr;
+    struct rb_io *fptr;
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
index 61d2c15d87..897c570794 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rhash.h
@@ -54,19 +54,6 @@
  *
  * @internal
  *
- * Declaration of rb_hash_iter_lev() is at include/ruby/backward.h.
- */
-#define RHASH_ITER_LEV(h)           rb_hash_iter_lev(h)
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * @deprecated  This macro once was a thing in the old days, but makes no sense
- *              any  longer today.   Exists  here  for backwards  compatibility
- *              only.  You can safely forget about it.
- *
- * @internal
- *
  * Declaration of rb_hash_ifnone() is at include/ruby/backward.h.
  */
 #define RHASH_IFNONE(h)             rb_hash_ifnone(h)
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h
index 2d2fd897f5..a528c2999e 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ struct rmatch_offset {
 };
 
 /** Represents a match. */
-struct rmatch {
+struct rb_matchext_struct {
     /**
      * "Registers"  of a  match.   This  is a  quasi-opaque  struct that  holds
      * execution result of a match.  Roughly resembles `&~`.
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ struct rmatch {
     int char_offset_num_allocated;
 };
 
+typedef struct rb_matchext_struct rb_matchext_t;
+
 /**
  * Regular expression  execution context.  When a  regular expression "matches"
  * to a string, it generates capture  groups etc.  This struct holds that info.
@@ -102,16 +104,13 @@ struct RMatch {
     VALUE str;
 
     /**
-     * The result of this match.
-     */
-    struct rmatch *rmatch;
-
-    /**
      * The expression of this match.
      */
     VALUE regexp;  /* RRegexp */
 };
 
+#define RMATCH_EXT(m) ((rb_matchext_t *)((char *)(m) + sizeof(struct RMatch)))
+
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
@@ -139,8 +138,7 @@ static inline struct re_registers *
 RMATCH_REGS(VALUE match)
 {
     RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(match, RUBY_T_MATCH);
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RMATCH(match)->rmatch != NULL);
-    return &RMATCH(match)->rmatch->regs;
+    return &RMATCH_EXT(match)->regs;
 }
 
 #endif /* RBIMPL_RMATCH_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
index 7823061d8f..c2bcae6306 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/robject.h
@@ -37,16 +37,15 @@
 /**
  * Convenient casting macro.
  *
- * @param   obj  An object, which is in fact an ::RRegexp.
- * @return  The passed object casted to ::RRegexp.
+ * @param   obj  An object, which is in fact an ::RObject.
+ * @return  The passed object casted to ::RObject.
  */
 #define ROBJECT(obj)          RBIMPL_CAST((struct RObject *)(obj))
 /** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
 #define ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX
 #define ROBJECT_EMBED         ROBJECT_EMBED
-#define ROBJECT_NUMIV         ROBJECT_NUMIV
+#define ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY   ROBJECT_IV_CAPACITY
 #define ROBJECT_IVPTR         ROBJECT_IVPTR
-#define ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL  ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL
 /** @endcond */
 
 /**
@@ -75,17 +74,6 @@ enum ruby_robject_flags {
     ROBJECT_EMBED = RUBY_FL_USER1
 };
 
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-/**
- * This is an enum because GDB wants it (rather than a macro).  People need not
- * bother.
- */
-enum ruby_robject_consts {
-    /** Max possible number of instance variables that can be embedded. */
-    ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX = RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(VALUE)
-};
-#endif
-
 struct st_table;
 
 /**
@@ -97,14 +85,6 @@ struct RObject {
     /** Basic part, including flags and class. */
     struct RBasic basic;
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
-    /**
-    * Number of instance variables.  This is per object; objects might
-    * differ in this field even if they have the identical classes.
-    */
-    uint32_t numiv;
-#endif
-
     /** Object's specific fields. */
     union {
 
@@ -113,14 +93,6 @@ struct RObject {
          * this pattern.
          */
         struct {
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-            /**
-             * Number of instance variables.  This is per object; objects might
-             * differ in this field even if they have the identical classes.
-             */
-            uint32_t numiv;
-#endif
-
             /** Pointer to a C array that holds instance variables. */
             VALUE *ivptr;
 
@@ -132,10 +104,9 @@ struct RObject {
              *
              * This is a shortcut for `RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(rb_obj_class(obj))`.
              */
-            struct st_table *iv_index_tbl;
+            struct rb_id_table *iv_index_tbl;
         } heap;
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
         /* Embedded instance variables. When an object is small enough, it
          * uses this area to store the instance variables.
          *
@@ -145,54 +116,9 @@ struct RObject {
          *   2. Zero length arrays are not supported by all compilers
          */
         VALUE ary[1];
-#else
-        /**
-        * Embedded instance  variables.  When  an object  is small  enough, it
-        * uses this area to store the instance variables.
-        */
-        VALUE ary[ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX];
-#endif
     } as;
 };
 
-/* Offsets for YJIT */
-#ifndef __cplusplus
-# if USE_RVARGC
-static const int32_t ROBJECT_OFFSET_NUMIV = offsetof(struct RObject, numiv);
-# else
-static const int32_t ROBJECT_OFFSET_NUMIV = offsetof(struct RObject, as.heap.numiv);
-# endif
-static const int32_t ROBJECT_OFFSET_AS_HEAP_IVPTR = offsetof(struct RObject, as.heap.ivptr);
-static const int32_t ROBJECT_OFFSET_AS_HEAP_IV_INDEX_TBL = offsetof(struct RObject, as.heap.iv_index_tbl);
-static const int32_t ROBJECT_OFFSET_AS_ARY = offsetof(struct RObject, as.ary);
-#endif
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
-RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
-/**
- * Queries the number of instance variables.
- *
- * @param[in]  obj  Object in question.
- * @return     Its number of instance variables.
- * @pre        `obj` must be an instance of ::RObject.
- */
-static inline uint32_t
-ROBJECT_NUMIV(VALUE obj)
-{
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(obj, RUBY_T_OBJECT);
-
-#if USE_RVARGC
-    return ROBJECT(obj)->numiv;
-#else
-    if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
-        return ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX;
-    }
-    else {
-        return ROBJECT(obj)->as.heap.numiv;
-    }
-#endif
-}
-
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
index e394ab7dca..0bca74e688 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rstring.h
@@ -42,13 +42,7 @@
 
 /** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
 #define RSTRING_NOEMBED         RSTRING_NOEMBED
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK  RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK
-#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT
-#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX   RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX
-#endif
 #define RSTRING_FSTR            RSTRING_FSTR
-#define RSTRING_EMBED_LEN RSTRING_EMBED_LEN
 #define RSTRING_LEN       RSTRING_LEN
 #define RSTRING_LENINT    RSTRING_LENINT
 #define RSTRING_PTR       RSTRING_PTR
@@ -162,21 +156,6 @@ enum ruby_rstring_flags {
      */
     RSTRING_NOEMBED         = RUBY_FL_USER1,
 
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    /**
-     * When a  string employs embedded strategy  (see ::RSTRING_NOEMBED), these
-     * bits  are  used to  store  the  number  of  bytes actually  filled  into
-     * ::RString::ary.
-     *
-     * @internal
-     *
-     * 3rd parties must  not be aware that  there even is more than  one way to
-     * store a string.  Might better be hidden.
-     */
-    RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK  = RUBY_FL_USER2 | RUBY_FL_USER3 | RUBY_FL_USER4 |
-                              RUBY_FL_USER5 | RUBY_FL_USER6,
-#endif
-
     /* Actually,  string  encodings are  also  encoded  into the  flags,  using
      * remaining bits.*/
 
@@ -202,20 +181,6 @@ enum ruby_rstring_flags {
     RSTRING_FSTR            = RUBY_FL_USER17
 };
 
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-/**
- * This is an enum because GDB wants it (rather than a macro).  People need not
- * bother.
- */
-enum ruby_rstring_consts {
-    /** Where ::RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK resides. */
-    RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT = RUBY_FL_USHIFT + 2,
-
-    /** Max possible number of characters that can be embedded. */
-    RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX   = RBIMPL_EMBED_LEN_MAX_OF(char) - 1
-};
-#endif
-
 /**
  * Ruby's String.  A string in ruby conceptually has these information:
  *
@@ -233,6 +198,13 @@ struct RString {
     /** Basic part, including flags and class. */
     struct RBasic basic;
 
+    /**
+     * Length of the string, not including terminating NUL character.
+     *
+     * @note  This is in bytes.
+     */
+    long len;
+
     /** String's specific fields. */
     union {
 
@@ -241,14 +213,6 @@ struct RString {
          * pattern.
          */
         struct {
-
-            /**
-             * Length of the string, not including terminating NUL character.
-             *
-             * @note  This is in bytes.
-             */
-            long len;
-
             /**
              * Pointer to  the contents of  the string.   In the old  days each
              * string had  dedicated memory  regions.  That  is no  longer true
@@ -279,24 +243,12 @@ struct RString {
 
         /** Embedded contents. */
         struct {
-#if USE_RVARGC
-            long len;
             /* This is a length 1 array because:
              *   1. GCC has a bug that does not optimize C flexible array members
              *      (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=102452)
              *   2. Zero length arrays are not supported by all compilers
              */
             char ary[1];
-#else
-            /**
-             * When a  string is short enough,  it uses this area  to store the
-             * contents themselves.  This was  impractical in the 20th century,
-             * but these days 64 bit machines can typically hold 24 bytes here.
-             * Could be sufficiently large.  In this case the length is encoded
-             * into the flags.
-             */
-            char ary[RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MAX + 1];
-#endif
         } embed;
     } as;
 };
@@ -409,31 +361,12 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
  *
  * @param[in]  str  String in question.
  * @return     Its length, in bytes.
- * @pre        `str`  must  be an  instance  of  ::RString,  and must  has  its
- *             ::RSTRING_NOEMBED flag off.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * This was a macro  before.  It was inevitable to be  public, since macros are
- * global constructs.   But should it be  forever?  Now that it  is a function,
- * @shyouhei thinks  it could  just be  eliminated, hidden  into implementation
- * details.
+ * @pre        `str` must be an instance of ::RString.
  */
 static inline long
-RSTRING_EMBED_LEN(VALUE str)
+RSTRING_LEN(VALUE str)
 {
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(str, RUBY_T_STRING);
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(! RB_FL_ANY_RAW(str, RSTRING_NOEMBED));
-
-#if USE_RVARGC
-    long f = RSTRING(str)->as.embed.len;
-    return f;
-#else
-    VALUE f = RBASIC(str)->flags;
-    f &= RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_MASK;
-    f >>= RSTRING_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT;
-    return RBIMPL_CAST((long)f);
-#endif
+    return RSTRING(str)->len;
 }
 
 RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH()
@@ -463,7 +396,7 @@ rbimpl_rstring_getmem(VALUE str)
     else {
         /* Expecting compilers to optimize this on-stack struct away. */
         struct RString retval;
-        retval.as.heap.len = RSTRING_EMBED_LEN(str);
+        retval.len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
         retval.as.heap.ptr = RSTRING(str)->as.embed.ary;
         return retval;
     }
@@ -471,21 +404,6 @@ rbimpl_rstring_getmem(VALUE str)
 
 RBIMPL_WARNING_POP()
 
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
-RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
-/**
- * Queries the length of the string.
- *
- * @param[in]  str  String in question.
- * @return     Its length, in bytes.
- * @pre        `str` must be an instance of ::RString.
- */
-static inline long
-RSTRING_LEN(VALUE str)
-{
-    return rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str).as.heap.len;
-}
-
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
  * Queries the contents pointer of the string.
@@ -499,13 +417,9 @@ RSTRING_PTR(VALUE str)
 {
     char *ptr = rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str).as.heap.ptr;
 
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(! ptr)) {
+    if (RUBY_DEBUG && RB_UNLIKELY(! ptr)) {
         /* :BEWARE: @shyouhei thinks  that currently, there are  rooms for this
-         * function to return  NULL.  In the 20th century that  was a pointless
-         * concern.  However struct RString can hold fake strings nowadays.  It
-         * seems no  check against NULL  are exercised around handling  of them
-         * (one  of  such   usages  is  located  in   marshal.c,  which  scares
-         * @shyouhei).  Better check here for maximum safety.
+         * function to return  NULL.  Better check here for maximum safety.
          *
          * Also,  this is  not rb_warn()  because RSTRING_PTR()  can be  called
          * during GC (see  what obj_info() does).  rb_warn()  needs to allocate
@@ -529,12 +443,12 @@ RSTRING_END(VALUE str)
 {
     struct RString buf = rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str);
 
-    if (RB_UNLIKELY(! buf.as.heap.ptr)) {
+    if (RUBY_DEBUG && RB_UNLIKELY(! buf.as.heap.ptr)) {
         /* Ditto. */
         rb_debug_rstring_null_ptr("RSTRING_END");
     }
 
-    return &buf.as.heap.ptr[buf.as.heap.len];
+    return &buf.as.heap.ptr[buf.len];
 }
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
@@ -568,7 +482,7 @@ RSTRING_LENINT(VALUE str)
     __extension__ ({ \
         struct RString rbimpl_str = rbimpl_rstring_getmem(str); \
         (ptrvar) = rbimpl_str.as.heap.ptr; \
-        (lenvar) = rbimpl_str.as.heap.len; \
+        (lenvar) = rbimpl_str.len; \
     })
 #else
 # define RSTRING_GETMEM(str, ptrvar, lenvar) \
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h b/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
index bbf208867d..6c19576c20 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/core/rtypeddata.h
@@ -114,6 +114,8 @@
 #define RUBY_TYPED_PROMOTED1         RUBY_TYPED_PROMOTED1
 /** @endcond */
 
+#define TYPED_DATA_EMBEDDED 2
+
 /**
  * @private
  *
@@ -137,6 +139,8 @@ rbimpl_typeddata_flags {
      */
     RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY = 1,
 
+    RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE = 2,
+
     /**
      * This flag has something to do with Ractor.  Multiple Ractors run without
      * protecting each  other.  Sharing  an object  among Ractors  is basically
@@ -173,10 +177,16 @@ rbimpl_typeddata_flags {
     RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED     = RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED, /* THIS FLAG DEPENDS ON Ruby version */
 
     /**
-     * This flag  is mysterious.  It seems  nobody is currently using  it.  The
-     * intention of this flag is also unclear.  We need further investigations.
+     * This flag no longer in use
      */
-    RUBY_TYPED_PROMOTED1        = RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1     /* THIS FLAG DEPENDS ON Ruby version */
+    RUBY_TYPED_UNUSED           = RUBY_FL_UNUSED6,
+
+    /**
+     * This flag determines whether marking and compaction should be carried out
+     * using the dmark/dcompact callback functions or whether we should mark
+     * declaratively using a list of references defined inside the data struct we're wrapping
+     */
+    RUBY_TYPED_DECL_MARKING     = RUBY_FL_USER2
 };
 
 /**
@@ -347,16 +357,14 @@ struct RTypedData {
      * data.   This roughly  resembles a  Ruby level  class (apart  from method
      * definition etc.)
      */
-    const rb_data_type_t *type;
+    const rb_data_type_t *const type;
 
     /**
      * This has to be always 1.
      *
      * @internal
-     *
-     * Why, then, this is not a const ::VALUE?
      */
-    VALUE typed_flag;
+    const VALUE typed_flag;
 
     /** Pointer to the actual C level struct that you want to wrap. */
     void *data;
@@ -456,7 +464,7 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
  */
 #define TypedData_Make_Struct0(result, klass, type, size, data_type, sval) \
     VALUE result = rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(klass, size, data_type);    \
-    (sval) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)RTYPEDDATA_DATA(result));                  \
+    (sval) = (type *)RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(result); \
     RBIMPL_CAST(/*suppress unused variable warnings*/(void)(sval))
 
 /**
@@ -507,6 +515,36 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 #define TypedData_Get_Struct(obj,type,data_type,sval) \
     ((sval) = RBIMPL_CAST((type *)rb_check_typeddata((obj), (data_type))))
 
+static inline bool
+RTYPEDDATA_EMBEDDED_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_DATA))) {
+        Check_Type(obj, RUBY_T_DATA);
+        RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(false);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return RTYPEDDATA(obj)->typed_flag & TYPED_DATA_EMBEDDED;
+}
+
+static inline void *
+RTYPEDDATA_GET_DATA(VALUE obj)
+{
+#if RUBY_DEBUG
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_DATA))) {
+        Check_Type(obj, RUBY_T_DATA);
+        RBIMPL_UNREACHABLE_RETURN(false);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* We reuse the data pointer in embedded TypedData. We can't use offsetof
+     * since RTypedData a non-POD type in C++. */
+    const size_t embedded_typed_data_size = sizeof(struct RTypedData) - sizeof(void *);
+
+    return RTYPEDDATA_EMBEDDED_P(obj) ? (char *)obj + embedded_typed_data_size : RTYPEDDATA(obj)->data;
+}
+
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
@@ -523,7 +561,8 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 static inline bool
 rbimpl_rtypeddata_p(VALUE obj)
 {
-    return RTYPEDDATA(obj)->typed_flag == 1;
+    VALUE typed_flag = RTYPEDDATA(obj)->typed_flag;
+    return typed_flag != 0 && typed_flag <= 3;
 }
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h b/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
index 08a262209d..71026e7100 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/dllexport.h
@@ -37,9 +37,7 @@
  * ```
  */
 #undef RUBY_EXTERN
-#if defined(MJIT_HEADER) && defined(_WIN32)
-# define RUBY_EXTERN extern __declspec(dllimport)
-#elif defined(RUBY_EXPORT)
+#if defined(RUBY_EXPORT)
 # define RUBY_EXTERN extern
 #elif defined(_WIN32)
 # define RUBY_EXTERN extern __declspec(dllimport)
@@ -59,36 +57,6 @@
 # define RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED /* void */
 #endif
 
-/**
- * @cond INTERNAL_MACRO
- *
- * These MJIT related macros are placed here because translate_mjit_header can
- * need them.  Extension libraries should not touch.
- */
-
-/* These macros are used for functions which are exported only for MJIT
-   and NOT ensured to be exported in future versions. */
-
-#if ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
-# define MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED
-#elif ! RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(MSVC)
-# define MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED
-#else
-# define MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED static
-#endif
-
-#define MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
-#define MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END   RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
-
-/* On mswin, MJIT header transformation can't be used since cl.exe can't output
-   preprocessed output preserving macros. So this `MJIT_STATIC` is needed
-   to force non-static function to static on MJIT header to avoid symbol conflict. */
-#ifdef MJIT_HEADER
-# define MJIT_STATIC static
-#else
-# define MJIT_STATIC
-#endif
-
 /** @endcond */
 
 /** Shortcut macro equivalent to `RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN extern "C" {`.
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h b/include/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
index 4748ca806b..dc3e0151f0 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/encoding/encoding.h
@@ -139,23 +139,6 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NOALIAS()
 int rb_char_to_option_kcode(int c, int *option, int *kcode);
 
 /**
- * Creates a new encoding, using the passed one as a template.
- *
- * @param[in]  name          Name of the creating encoding.
- * @param[in]  src           Template.
- * @exception  rb_eArgError  Duplicated or malformed `name`.
- * @return     Replicated new encoding's index.
- * @post       Encoding named `name` is created as a copy of `src`, whose index
- *             is the return value.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * `name` can be `NULL`,  but that just raises an exception.   OTOH it seems no
- * sanity check is done against `src`...?
- */
-int rb_enc_replicate(const char *name, rb_encoding *src);
-
-/**
  * Creates a new "dummy" encoding.  Roughly speaking, an encoding is dummy when
  * it is  stateful.  Notable  example of  dummy encoding  are those  defined in
  * ISO/IEC 2022
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h b/include/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
index 6ed7ca1c90..2b9dfe4f31 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/encoding/string.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
 /**
- * Identical to rb_enc_str_new(), except it additionally takes an encoding.
+ * Identical to rb_str_new(), except it additionally takes an encoding.
  *
  * @param[in]  ptr             A memory region of `len` bytes length.
  * @param[in]  len             Length  of `ptr`,  in bytes,  not including  the
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/error.h b/include/ruby/internal/error.h
index 49e2276cb9..cd37f4461a 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/error.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/error.h
@@ -50,7 +50,19 @@ typedef enum {
     /** Warning is for experimental features. */
     RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL,
 
-    RB_WARN_CATEGORY_ALL_BITS = 0x6 /* no RB_WARN_CATEGORY_NONE bit */
+    /** Warning is for performance issues (not enabled by -w). */
+    RB_WARN_CATEGORY_PERFORMANCE,
+
+    RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEFAULT_BITS = (
+        (1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED) |
+        (1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL) |
+        0),
+
+    RB_WARN_CATEGORY_ALL_BITS = (
+        (1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_DEPRECATED) |
+        (1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL) |
+        (1U << RB_WARN_CATEGORY_PERFORMANCE) |
+        0)
 } rb_warning_category_t;
 
 /** for rb_readwrite_sys_fail first argument */
@@ -469,7 +481,7 @@ VALUE *rb_ruby_debug_ptr(void);
  */
 #define ruby_debug   (*rb_ruby_debug_ptr())
 
-/* reports if `-W' specified */
+/* reports if $VERBOSE is true */
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
 RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 1, 2)
 /**
@@ -484,7 +496,8 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 1, 2)
  * default,  the method  just emits  its passed  contents to  ::rb_stderr using
  * rb_io_write().
  *
- * @note       This function is affected by the `-W` flag.
+ * @note       This function is affected by the value of $VERBOSE, it does
+ *             nothing unless $VERBOSE is true.
  * @param[in]  fmt  Format specifier string compatible with rb_sprintf().
  *
  * @internal
@@ -509,7 +522,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 3, 4)
  * Issues a compile-time warning  that happens at `__file__:__line__`.  Purpose
  * of this function being exposed to CAPI is unclear.
  *
- * @note       This function is affected by the `-W` flag.
+ * @note       This function is affected by the value of $VERBOSE.
  * @param[in]  file  The path corresponding to Ruby level `__FILE__`.
  * @param[in]  line  The number corresponding to Ruby level `__LINE__`.
  * @param[in]  fmt   Format specifier string compatible with rb_sprintf().
@@ -522,19 +535,20 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 1, 2)
  * Identical to rb_sys_fail(), except it does  not raise an exception to render
  * a warning instead.
  *
- * @note       This function is affected by the `-W` flag.
+ * @note       This function is affected by the value of $VERBOSE.
  * @param[in]  fmt  Format specifier string compatible with rb_sprintf().
  */
 void rb_sys_warning(const char *fmt, ...);
 
-/* reports always */
+/* reports if $VERBOSE is not nil (so if it is true or false) */
 RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
 RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 1, 2)
 /**
- * Identical to  rb_warning(), except it  reports always regardless  of runtime
- * `-W` flag.
+ * Identical to rb_warning(), except it reports unless $VERBOSE is nil.
  *
+ * @note       This function is affected by the value of $VERBOSE, it does
+ *             nothing if $VERBOSE is nil.
  * @param[in]  fmt  Format specifier string compatible with rb_sprintf().
  */
 void rb_warn(const char *fmt, ...);
@@ -543,8 +557,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((2))
 RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 2, 3)
 /**
- * Identical to  rb_category_warning(), except it reports  always regardless of
- * runtime `-W` flag.
+ * Identical to rb_category_warning(), except it reports unless $VERBOSE is nil.
  *
  * @param[in]  cat  Category e.g. deprecated.
  * @param[in]  fmt  Format specifier string compatible with rb_sprintf().
@@ -554,8 +567,7 @@ void rb_category_warn(rb_warning_category_t cat, const char *fmt, ...);
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1, 3))
 RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 3, 4)
 /**
- * Identical to  rb_compile_warning(), except  it reports always  regardless of
- * runtime `-W` flag.
+ * Identical to rb_compile_warning(), except  it reports unless $VERBOSE is nil.
  *
  * @param[in]  file  The path corresponding to Ruby level `__FILE__`.
  * @param[in]  line  The number corresponding to Ruby level `__LINE__`.
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/eval.h b/include/ruby/internal/eval.h
index 34a53849da..5bcbb97746 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/eval.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/eval.h
@@ -28,10 +28,12 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
 /**
- * Evaluates the given string in an isolated binding.
+ * Evaluates the given string.
  *
- * Here  "isolated"  means  that  the   binding  does  not  inherit  any  other
- * bindings.  This behaves same as the binding for required libraries.
+ * In case  it is called  from within a  C-backended method, the  evaluation is
+ * done under  the current binding.  However  there can be no  method.  On such
+ * situation this  function evaluates  in an  isolated binding,  like `require`
+ * runs in a separate one.
  *
  * `__FILE__`  will  be  `"(eval)"`,  and  `__LINE__`  starts  from  1  in  the
  * evaluation.
@@ -39,6 +41,31 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
  * @param[in]  str            Ruby code to evaluate.
  * @exception  rb_eException  Raises an exception on error.
  * @return     The evaluated result.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @shyouhei's old tale about the birth and growth of this function:
+ *
+ * At  the beginning,  there  was no  rb_eval_string().   @shyouhei heard  that
+ * @shugo, author of  Apache httpd's mod_ruby module, requested  @matz for this
+ * API.  He wanted a way so that mod_ruby can evaluate ruby scripts one by one,
+ * separately, in each different contexts.  So  this function was made.  It was
+ * designed to be a global interpreter entry point like ruby_run_node().
+ *
+ * The  way it  is implemented  however  allows extension  libraries (not  just
+ * programs like  Apache httpd) to call  this function.  Because its  name says
+ * nothing  about the  initial design,  people  started to  think of  it as  an
+ * orthodox  way  to  call  ruby  level  `eval`  method  from  their  extension
+ * libraries.  Even our `extension.rdoc` has had a description of this function
+ * basically according to this understanding.
+ *
+ * The old  (mod_ruby like) usage still  works.  But over time,  usages of this
+ * function from extension libraries got  popular, while mod_ruby faded out; is
+ * no  longer maintained  now.  Devs  decided to  actively support  both.  This
+ * function  now auto-detects  how  it is  called, and  switches  how it  works
+ * depending on it.
+ *
+ * @see https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18780
  */
 VALUE rb_eval_string(const char *str);
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/event.h b/include/ruby/internal/event.h
index 04b137a193..1d194ed618 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/event.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/event.h
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@
 #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/value.h"
 
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
 /* These macros are not enums because they are wider than int.*/
 
 /**
@@ -54,6 +58,7 @@
 #define RUBY_EVENT_THREAD_END        0x0800 /**< Encountered an end of a thread. */
 #define RUBY_EVENT_FIBER_SWITCH      0x1000 /**< Encountered a `Fiber#yield`. */
 #define RUBY_EVENT_SCRIPT_COMPILED   0x2000 /**< Encountered an `eval`. */
+#define RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE            0x4000 /**< Encountered a `rescue` statement. */
 #define RUBY_EVENT_TRACEPOINT_ALL    0xffff /**< Bitmask of extended events. */
 
 /** @} */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h b/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
index c51bd2e9d9..44b3e8cc0f 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/fl_type.h
@@ -57,8 +57,7 @@
 
 #define FL_SINGLETON    RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_SINGLETON)            /**< @old{RUBY_FL_SINGLETON} */
 #define FL_WB_PROTECTED RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED)         /**< @old{RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED} */
-#define FL_PROMOTED0    RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0)            /**< @old{RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0} */
-#define FL_PROMOTED1    RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1)            /**< @old{RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1} */
+#define FL_PROMOTED     RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_PROMOTED)             /**< @old{RUBY_FL_PROMOTED} */
 #define FL_FINALIZE     RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_FINALIZE)             /**< @old{RUBY_FL_FINALIZE} */
 #define FL_TAINT        RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_TAINT)                /**< @old{RUBY_FL_TAINT} */
 #define FL_SHAREABLE    RBIMPL_CAST((VALUE)RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE)            /**< @old{RUBY_FL_SHAREABLE} */
@@ -111,13 +110,6 @@
 #define RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW    RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW
 #define RB_OBJ_FROZEN        RB_OBJ_FROZEN
 #define RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW    RB_OBJ_FROZEN_RAW
-#define RB_OBJ_INFECT        RB_OBJ_INFECT
-#define RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW    RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW
-#define RB_OBJ_TAINT         RB_OBJ_TAINT
-#define RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE     RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE
-#define RB_OBJ_TAINTED       RB_OBJ_TAINTED
-#define RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW   RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW
-#define RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW     RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW
 #define RB_OBJ_UNTRUST       RB_OBJ_TAINT
 #define RB_OBJ_UNTRUSTED     RB_OBJ_TAINTED
 /** @endcond */
@@ -207,12 +199,15 @@ ruby_fl_type {
     RUBY_FL_WB_PROTECTED = (1<<5),
 
     /**
-     * This flag  has something to do  with our garbage collector.   These days
-     * ruby  objects are  "generational".  There  are those  who are  young and
-     * those who are old.  Young objects are prone to die; monitored relatively
-     * extensively by  the garbage  collector.  OTOH old  objects tend  to live
-     * longer.  They are relatively rarely considered.  This flag is set when a
-     * object experienced promotion i.e. survived a garbage collection.
+     * Ruby objects are "generational".  There are young objects & old objects.
+     * Young objects are prone to die & monitored relatively extensively by the
+     * garbage collector.  Old objects tend to live longer & are monitored less
+     * frequently.  When an object survives a GC, its age is incremented.  When
+     * age is equal to RVALUE_OLD_AGE, the object becomes Old. This flag is set
+     * when an object becomes old, and is used by the write barrier to check if
+     * an old object should be considered for marking more frequently  - as old
+     * objects that have references added between major GCs need to be remarked
+     * to prevent the referred object being mistakenly swept.
      *
      * @internal
      *
@@ -220,41 +215,14 @@ ruby_fl_type {
      * 3rd parties.  It must be an implementation detail that they should never
      * know.  Might better be hidden.
      */
-    RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0    = (1<<5),
+    RUBY_FL_PROMOTED    = (1<<5),
 
     /**
-     * This flag  has something to do  with our garbage collector.   These days
-     * ruby  objects are  "generational".  There  are those  who are  young and
-     * those who are old.  Young objects are prone to die; monitored relatively
-     * extensively by  the garbage  collector.  OTOH old  objects tend  to live
-     * longer.  They are relatively rarely considered.  This flag is set when a
-     * object  experienced two  promotions  i.e.  survived garbage  collections
-     * twice.
+     * This flag is no longer in use
      *
      * @internal
-     *
-     * But honestly, @shyouhei  doesn't think this flag should  be visible from
-     * 3rd parties.  It must be an implementation detail that they should never
-     * know.  Might better be hidden.
-     */
-    RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1    = (1<<6),
-
-    /**
-     * This flag  has something to do  with our garbage collector.   These days
-     * ruby  objects are  "generational".  There  are those  who are  young and
-     * those who are old.  Young objects are prone to die; monitored relatively
-     * extensively by  the garbage  collector.  OTOH old  objects tend  to live
-     * longer.  They are relatively rarely considered.  This flag is set when a
-     * object  experienced  promotions i.e.   survived  more  than one  garbage
-     * collections.
-     *
-     * @internal
-     *
-     * But honestly, @shyouhei  doesn't think this flag should  be visible from
-     * 3rd parties.  It must be an implementation detail that they should never
-     * know.  Might better be hidden.
      */
-    RUBY_FL_PROMOTED     = RUBY_FL_PROMOTED0 | RUBY_FL_PROMOTED1,
+    RUBY_FL_UNUSED6    = (1<<6),
 
     /**
      * This flag has  something to do with finalisers.  A  ruby object can have
@@ -283,7 +251,7 @@ ruby_fl_type {
 # pragma deprecated(RUBY_FL_TAINT)
 #endif
 
-                         = (1<<8),
+                         = 0,
 
     /**
      * This flag has something to do with Ractor.  Multiple Ractors run without
@@ -310,7 +278,7 @@ ruby_fl_type {
 # pragma deprecated(RUBY_FL_UNTRUSTED)
 #endif
 
-                         = (1<<8),
+                         = 0,
 
     /**
      * This flag has something to do with  object IDs.  Unlike in the old days,
@@ -489,7 +457,7 @@ RB_FL_ABLE(VALUE obj)
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an implenentation detail of  RB_FL_TEST().  3rd parties need not use
+ * This is an implementation detail of  RB_FL_TEST().  3rd parties need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_TEST().
  *
  * @param[in]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -537,7 +505,7 @@ RB_FL_TEST(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_FL_ANY().  3rd parties  need not use
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_FL_ANY().  3rd parties  need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_ANY().
  *
  * @param[in]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -571,7 +539,7 @@ RB_FL_ANY(VALUE obj, VALUE flags)
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_FL_ALL().  3rd parties  need not use
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_FL_ALL().  3rd parties  need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_ALL().
  *
  * @param[in]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -607,7 +575,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
  * @private
  *
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_FL_SET().  3rd parties  need not use
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_FL_SET().  3rd parties  need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_SET().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -627,7 +595,7 @@ rbimpl_fl_set_raw_raw(struct RBasic *obj, VALUE flags)
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_FL_SET().  3rd parties  need not use
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_FL_SET().  3rd parties  need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_SET().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -667,7 +635,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
  * @private
  *
- * This is an implenentation detail of RB_FL_UNSET().  3rd parties need not use
+ * This is an implementation detail of RB_FL_UNSET().  3rd parties need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_UNSET().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -687,7 +655,7 @@ rbimpl_fl_unset_raw_raw(struct RBasic *obj, VALUE flags)
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an implenentation detail of RB_FL_UNSET().  3rd parties need not use
+ * This is an implementation detail of RB_FL_UNSET().  3rd parties need not use
  * this.  Just always use RB_FL_UNSET().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -722,7 +690,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
  * @private
  *
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_FL_REVERSE().  3rd  parties need not
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_FL_REVERSE().  3rd  parties need not
  * use this.  Just always use RB_FL_REVERSE().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -742,7 +710,7 @@ rbimpl_fl_reverse_raw_raw(struct RBasic *obj, VALUE flags)
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_FL_REVERSE().  3rd  parties need not
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_FL_REVERSE().  3rd  parties need not
  * use this.  Just always use RB_FL_REVERSE().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj    Object in question.
@@ -787,6 +755,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline bool
 RB_OBJ_TAINTABLE(VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)obj;
     return false;
 }
 
@@ -804,6 +773,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline VALUE
 RB_OBJ_TAINTED_RAW(VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)obj;
     return false;
 }
 
@@ -821,6 +791,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline bool
 RB_OBJ_TAINTED(VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)obj;
     return false;
 }
 
@@ -836,6 +807,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline void
 RB_OBJ_TAINT_RAW(VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)obj;
     return;
 }
 
@@ -851,6 +823,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline void
 RB_OBJ_TAINT(VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)obj;
     return;
 }
 
@@ -867,6 +840,8 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline void
 RB_OBJ_INFECT_RAW(VALUE dst, VALUE src)
 {
+    (void)dst;
+    (void)src;
     return;
 }
 
@@ -883,13 +858,15 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("taintedness turned out to be a wrong idea."))
 static inline void
 RB_OBJ_INFECT(VALUE dst, VALUE src)
 {
+    (void)dst;
+    (void)src;
     return;
 }
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_OBJ_FROZEN().  3rd  parties need not
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_OBJ_FROZEN().  3rd  parties need not
  * use this.  Just always use RB_OBJ_FROZEN().
  *
  * @param[in]  obj             Object in question.
@@ -930,7 +907,7 @@ RB_OBJ_FROZEN(VALUE obj)
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
- * This is an  implenentation detail of RB_OBJ_FREEZE().  3rd  parties need not
+ * This is an  implementation detail of RB_OBJ_FREEZE().  3rd  parties need not
  * use this.  Just always use RB_OBJ_FREEZE().
  *
  * @param[out]  obj  Object in question.
@@ -941,21 +918,8 @@ RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW(VALUE obj)
     RB_FL_SET_RAW(obj, RUBY_FL_FREEZE);
 }
 
-/**
- * Prevents further modifications to the given object.  ::rb_eFrozenError shall
- * be raised if modification is attempted.
- *
- * @param[out]  x  Object in question.
- */
-static inline void
-rb_obj_freeze_inline(VALUE x)
-{
-    if (RB_FL_ABLE(x)) {
-        RB_OBJ_FREEZE_RAW(x);
-        if (RBASIC_CLASS(x) && !(RBASIC(x)->flags & RUBY_FL_SINGLETON)) {
-            rb_freeze_singleton_class(x);
-        }
-    }
-}
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+void rb_obj_freeze_inline(VALUE obj);
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #endif /* RBIMPL_FL_TYPE_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/gc.h b/include/ruby/internal/gc.h
index 66fc14e511..ac9dfd8842 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/gc.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/gc.h
@@ -20,16 +20,395 @@
  *             extension libraries.  They could be written in C++98.
  * @brief      Registering values to the GC.
  */
+#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
+
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stddef.h>                       /* size_t */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+# include <sys/types.h>                    /* ssize_t */
+#endif
+
+#include "ruby/assert.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/value.h"
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
+#define RUBY_REF_EDGE(s, p) offsetof(s, p)
+#define RUBY_REFS_LIST_PTR(l) (RUBY_DATA_FUNC)(l)
+#define RUBY_REF_END SIZE_MAX
+#define RUBY_REFERENCES(t) static const size_t t[]
+#define RUBY_REFERENCES_START(t) RUBY_REFERENCES(t) = {
+#define RUBY_REFERENCES_END RUBY_REF_END, };
+
+/* gc.c */
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
+/**
+ * Triggers out-of-memory error.  If  possible it raises ::rb_eNoMemError.  But
+ * because  we are  running out  of  memory that  is not  always doable.   This
+ * function tries hard to show something, but ultimately can die silently.
+ *
+ * @exception  rb_eNoMemError  Raises it if possible.
+ */
+void rb_memerror(void);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
+/**
+ * Queries if the GC is busy.
+ *
+ * @retval  0  It isn't.
+ * @retval  1  It is.
+ */
+int rb_during_gc(void);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
+/**
+ * Marks  objects between  the two  pointers.  This  is one  of the  GC utility
+ * functions    that   you    can    call   when    you    design   your    own
+ * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @pre         Continuous memory region  from `start` to `end`  shall be fully
+ *              addressable.
+ * @param[out]  start  Pointer to an array of objects.
+ * @param[out]  end    Pointer that terminates the array of objects.
+ * @post        Objects from `start` (included) to `end` (excluded) are marked.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * `end` can be NULL...  But that just results in no-op.
+ */
+void rb_gc_mark_locations(const VALUE *start, const VALUE *end);
+
+/**
+ * Identical to  rb_mark_hash(), except it marks  only values of the  table and
+ * leave  their  associated keys  unmarked.  This  is  one  of the  GC  utility
+ * functions    that   you    can    call   when    you    design   your    own
+ * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @warning    Of course it can break GC.  Leave it unused if unsure.
+ * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
+ * @post       Values stored in `tbl` are marked.
+ */
+void rb_mark_tbl(struct st_table *tbl);
+
+/**
+ * Identical    to   rb_mark_tbl(),    except    it    marks   objects    using
+ * rb_gc_mark_movable().  This is one of the  GC utility functions that you can
+ * call when you design your own ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @warning    Of course it can break GC.  Leave it unused if unsure.
+ * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
+ * @post       Values stored in `tbl` are marked.
+ */
+void rb_mark_tbl_no_pin(struct st_table *tbl);
+
+/**
+ * Identical to  rb_mark_hash(), except  it marks  only keys  of the  table and
+ * leave  their associated  values unmarked.   This is  one of  the GC  utility
+ * functions    that   you    can    call   when    you    design   your    own
+ * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @warning    Of course it can break GC.  Leave it unused if unsure.
+ * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
+ * @post       Keys stored in `tbl` are marked.
+ */
+void rb_mark_set(struct st_table *tbl);
+
 /**
- * Inform the garbage collector that `valptr` points to a live Ruby object that
- * should not be moved. Note that extensions should use this API on global
- * constants instead of assuming constants defined in Ruby are always alive.
- * Ruby code can remove global constants.
+ * Marks keys and values  associated inside of the given table.  This is one of
+ * the  GC  utility functions  that  you  can call  when  you  design your  own
+ * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
+ * @post       Objects stored in `tbl` are marked.
+ */
+void rb_mark_hash(struct st_table *tbl);
+
+/**
+ * Updates  references  inside  of  tables.   After  you  marked  values  using
+ * rb_mark_tbl_no_pin(), the  objects inside  of the table  could of  course be
+ * moved.  This function is to fixup  those references.  You can call this from
+ * your ::rb_data_type_struct::dcompact.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  ptr  A table that potentially includes moved references.
+ * @post        Moved references, if any, are corrected.
+ */
+void rb_gc_update_tbl_refs(st_table *ptr);
+
+/**
+ * Identical  to  rb_gc_mark(),  except  it   allows  the  passed  value  be  a
+ * non-object.  For instance  pointers to different type of  memory regions are
+ * allowed here.   Such values  are silently  ignored.  This is  one of  the GC
+ * utility   functions  that   you  can   call   when  you   design  your   own
+ * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  obj  A possible object.
+ * @post        `obj` is marked, if possible.
+ */
+void rb_gc_mark_maybe(VALUE obj);
+
+/**
+ * Marks an object.  This is one of  the GC utility functions that you can call
+ * when you design your own ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  obj  Arbitrary Ruby object.
+ * @post        `obj` is marked.
+ */
+void rb_gc_mark(VALUE obj);
+
+/**
+ * Maybe this  is the only  function provided for  C extensions to  control the
+ * pinning of objects, so  let us describe it in detail.   These days Ruby's GC
+ * is copying.  As far as an object's physical address is guaranteed unused, it
+ * can move  around the object space.   Our GC engine rearranges  these objects
+ * after it  reclaims unreachable objects  from our  object space, so  that the
+ * space  is   compact  (improves  memory   locality).   This  is   called  the
+ * "compaction" phase, and works  well most of the time... as  far as there are
+ * no C  extensions.  C  extensions complicate the  scenario because  Ruby core
+ * cannot detect  any use  of the  physical address  of an  object inside  of C
+ * functions.  In order to prevent  memory corruptions, objects observable from
+ * C extensions are "pinned"; they stick to where they are born until they die,
+ * just in  case any C  extensions touch their  raw pointers.  This  variant of
+ * scheme  is   called  "Mostly-Copying"  garbage  collector.    Authors  of  C
+ * extensions,  however,   can  extremely   carefully  write  them   to  become
+ * compaction-aware.  To do so avoid referring  to a Ruby object from inside of
+ * your struct  in the  first place.   But if  that is  not possible,  use this
+ * function  from your  ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark  then.   This way  objects
+ * marked using it are  considered movable.  If you chose this  way you have to
+ * manually fix up locations of such moved pointers using rb_gc_location().
+ *
+ * @see  Bartlett,  Joel  F.,  "Compacting Garbage  Collection  with  Ambiguous
+ *       Roots",  ACM  SIGPLAN  Lisp  Pointers  Volume  1  Issue  6  pp.  3-12,
+ *       April-May-June, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1145/1317224.1317225
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj  Object that is movable.
+ * @post       Values stored in `tbl` are marked.
+ */
+void rb_gc_mark_movable(VALUE obj);
+
+/**
+ * Finds a new "location" of an object.   An object can be moved on compaction.
+ * This function projects  its new abode, or just returns  the passed object if
+ * not moved.  This is  one of the GC utility functions that  you can call when
+ * you design your own ::rb_data_type_struct::dcompact.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj  An object, possibly already moved to somewhere else.
+ * @return     An object, which holds the current contents of former `obj`.
+ */
+VALUE rb_gc_location(VALUE obj);
+
+/**
+ * Asserts  that the  passed  object is  no longer  needed.   Such objects  are
+ * reclaimed sooner or later so this  function is not mandatory.  But sometimes
+ * you can know  from your application knowledge that an  object is surely dead
+ * at some point.  Calling this as a hint can be a polite way.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  obj  Object, dead.
+ * @pre         `obj` have never been passed to this function before.
+ * @post        `obj` could be invalidated.
+ * @warning     It  is a  failure  to pass  an object  multiple  times to  this
+ *              function.
+ * @deprecated  This is now a no-op function.
+ */
+RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("this is now a no-op function"))
+void rb_gc_force_recycle(VALUE obj);
+
+/**
+ * Triggers a GC process.  This was the only  GC entry point that we had at the
+ * beginning.  Over time our GC evolved.  Now what this function does is just a
+ * very  simplified  variation  of  the  entire GC  algorithms.   A  series  of
+ * procedures kicked by this API is called a "full" GC.
+ *
+ *   - It immediately scans the entire object space to sort the dead.
+ *   - It immediately reclaims any single dead bodies to reuse later.
+ *
+ * It is worth  noting that the procedures above do  not include evaluations of
+ * finalisers.  They run later.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * Finalisers   are   deferred   until   we   can   handle   interrupts.    See
+ * `rb_postponed_job_flush` in vm_trace.c.
+ *
+ * Of course there are  GC that are not "full".  For instance  this one and the
+ * GC  which  runs when  we  are  running out  of  memory  are different.   See
+ * `gc_profile_record_flag` defined in gc.c for the kinds of GC.
+ *
+ * In spite of the name this is not  what everything that a GC can trigger.  As
+ * of writing  it seems this  function does  not trigger compaction.   But this
+ * might change in future.
+ */
+void rb_gc(void);
+
+/**
+ * Copy&paste an object's finaliser to another.   This is one of the GC utility
+ * functions  that you  can call  when you  design your  own `initialize_copy`,
+ * `initialize_dup`, `initialize_clone`.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  dst  Destination object.
+ * @param[in]   src  Source object.
+ * @post        `dst` and `src` share the same finaliser.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * But isn't it  easier for you to call super,  and let `Object#initialize_copy`
+ * call this function instead?
+ */
+void rb_gc_copy_finalizer(VALUE dst, VALUE src);
+
+/**
+ * (Re-) enables GC.  This makes sense only after you called rb_gc_disable().
+ *
+ * @retval  RUBY_Qtrue   GC was disabled before.
+ * @retval  RUBY_Qfalse  GC was enabled before.
+ * @post    GC is enabled.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * This is  one of  such exceptional  functions that does  not raise  both Ruby
+ * exceptions and C++ exceptions.
+ */
+VALUE rb_gc_enable(void);
+
+/**
+ * Disables GC.   This prevents automatic GC  runs when the process  is running
+ * out of memory.  Such situations shall result in rb_memerror().  However this
+ * does not  prevent users from  manually invoking rb_gc().  That  should work.
+ * People  abused this  by disabling  GC  at the  beginning of  an event  loop,
+ * process events without GC overheads,  then manually force reclaiming garbage
+ * at the bottom of the loop.  However  because our GC is now much smarter than
+ * just calling rb_gc(), this technique is proven to be sub-optimal these days.
+ * It  is  believed that  there  is  currently  practically  no needs  of  this
+ * function.
+ *
+ * @retval  RUBY_Qtrue   GC was disabled before.
+ * @retval  RUBY_Qfalse  GC was enabled before.
+ * @post    GC is disabled.
+ */
+VALUE rb_gc_disable(void);
+
+/**
+ * Identical to rb_gc(), except the return value.
+ *
+ * @return  Always returns ::RUBY_Qnil.
+ */
+VALUE rb_gc_start(void);
+
+/**
+ * Assigns a finaliser for an object.  Each objects can have objects (typically
+ * blocks)  that run  immediately  after  that object  dies.   They are  called
+ * finalisers of an object.  This function associates a finaliser object with a
+ * target object.
+ *
+ * @note  Note that finalisers run _after_  the object they finalise dies.  You
+ *        cannot for instance call its methods.
+ * @note  If  your finaliser  references the  object it  finalises that  object
+ *        loses any chance to become  a garbage; effectively leaks memory until
+ *        the end of the process.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj               Target to finalise.
+ * @param[in]  block             Something `call`able.
+ * @exception  rb_eRuntimeError  Somehow `obj` cannot have finalisers.
+ * @exception  rb_eFrozenError   `obj` is frozen.
+ * @exception  rb_eArgError      `block` doesn't respond to `call`.
+ * @return     The passed `block`.
+ * @post       `block` runs after `obj` dies.
+ */
+VALUE rb_define_finalizer(VALUE obj, VALUE block);
+
+/**
+ * Modifies the object so  that it has no finalisers at  all.  This function is
+ * mainly provided for symmetry.  No practical usages can be thought of.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  obj               Object to clear its finalisers.
+ * @exception   rb_eFrozenError  `obj` is frozen.
+ * @return      The passed `obj`.
+ * @post        `obj` has no finalisers.
+ * @note        There is no way to undefine  a specific part of many finalisers
+ *              that `obj` could have.  All you can do is to clear them all.
+ */
+VALUE rb_undefine_finalizer(VALUE obj);
+
+/**
+ * Identical to rb_gc_stat(), with "count" parameter.
+ *
+ * @return  Lifetime total number of runs of GC.
+ */
+size_t rb_gc_count(void);
+
+/**
+ * Obtains various GC  related profiles.  The parameter can be  either a Symbol
+ * or a  Hash.  If  a Hash is  passed, it is  filled with  everything currently
+ * available.  If a Symbol is passed just that portion is returned.
+ *
+ * Possible  variations of  keys  you  can pass  here  change  from version  to
+ * version.  You can  get the list of  known keys by passing an  empty hash and
+ * let it be filled.
+ *
+ * @param[in,out]  key_or_buf       A Symbol, or a Hash.
+ * @exception      rb_eTypeError    Neither Symbol nor Hash.
+ * @exception      rb_eFrozenError  Frozen hash is passed.
+ * @return         In  case a  Hash  is  passed it  returns  0.  Otherwise  the
+ *                 profile value associated with the given key is returned.
+ * @post           In case a Hash is passed it is filled with values.
+ */
+size_t rb_gc_stat(VALUE key_or_buf);
+
+/**
+ * Obtains various  info regarding the most  recent GC run.  This  includes for
+ * instance the reason  of the GC.  The  parameter can be either a  Symbol or a
+ * Hash.   If  a  Hash  is  passed, it  is  filled  with  everything  currently
+ * available.  If a Symbol is passed just that portion is returned.
+ *
+ * Possible  variations of  keys  you  can pass  here  change  from version  to
+ * version.  You can  get the list of  known keys by passing an  empty hash and
+ * let it be filled.
+ *
+ * @param[in,out]  key_or_buf       A Symbol, or a Hash.
+ * @exception      rb_eTypeError    Neither Symbol nor Hash.
+ * @exception      rb_eFrozenError  Frozen hash is passed.
+ * @return         In case  a Hash is  passed it returns that  hash.  Otherwise
+ *                 the profile value associated with the given key is returned.
+ * @post           In case a Hash is passed it is filled with values.
+ */
+VALUE rb_gc_latest_gc_info(VALUE key_or_buf);
+
+/**
+ * Informs that  there are  external memory  usages.  Our GC  runs when  we are
+ * running out of memory.  The amount of memory, however, can increase/decrease
+ * behind-the-scene.  For  instance DLLs can allocate  memories using `mmap(2)`
+ * etc, which  are opaque to  us.  Registering such external  allocations using
+ * this function enables  proper detection of how much memories  an object used
+ * as a whole.  That will trigger GCs  more often than it would otherwise.  You
+ * can  also  pass  negative  numbers  here, to  indicate  that  such  external
+ * allocations are gone.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  diff  Amount of memory increased(+)/decreased(-).
+ */
+void rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage(ssize_t diff);
+
+/**
+ * Inform the garbage  collector that the global or static  variable pointed by
+ * `valptr` stores  a live  Ruby object  that should not  be moved.   Note that
+ * extensions  should use  this API  on  global constants  instead of  assuming
+ * constants defined  in Ruby are  always alive.   Ruby code can  remove global
+ * constants.
+ *
+ * Because this  registration itself has  a possibility  to trigger a  GC, this
+ * function  must be  called  before any  GC-able objects  is  assigned to  the
+ * address pointed by `valptr`.
  */
 void rb_gc_register_address(VALUE *valptr);
 
@@ -54,4 +433,410 @@ void rb_gc_register_mark_object(VALUE object);
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * @deprecated  This macro once was a thing in the old days, but makes no sense
+ *              any  longer today.   Exists  here  for backwards  compatibility
+ *              only.  You can safely forget about it.
+ */
+#undef USE_RGENGC
+#define USE_RGENGC 1
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated  This macro seems  broken.  Setting this to  anything other than
+ *              zero just doesn't compile.  We need to KonMari.
+ */
+#ifndef USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+# define USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT 0
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RArray.  It has to be set  at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RHash.  It has  to be set at the time  ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RStruct.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRUCT
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRUCT 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RString.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRING
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRING 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RObject.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_OBJECT
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_OBJECT 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RRegexp.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_REGEXP
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_REGEXP 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RMatch.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_MATCH
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_MATCH 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RClass.  It has to be set  at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RFloat.  It has to be set  at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_FLOAT
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_FLOAT 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RComplex.   It has  to be  set at  the time  ruby itself  compiles.
+ * Makes no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RRational.  It  has to  be set  at the  time ruby  itself compiles.
+ * Makes no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_RATIONAL
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_RATIONAL 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
+ * struct ::RBignum.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
+ * no sense for 3rd parties.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * @deprecated  This macro once was a thing in the old days, but makes no sense
+ *              any  longer today.   Exists  here  for backwards  compatibility
+ *              only.  You can safely forget about it.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @shyouhei doesn't think anybody uses this right now.
+ */
+#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_NODE_CREF
+# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_NODE_CREF 1
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @defgroup rgengc Write barrier (WB) interfaces:
+ *
+ * @note The following  core interfaces can  be changed in the  future.  Please
+ *       catch up if you want to insert WB into C-extensions correctly.
+ *
+ * @{
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Declaration of a "back" pointer.  This  is a write barrier for new reference
+ * from  "old"  generation  to  "young" generation.   It  writes  `young`  into
+ * `*slot`, which is a pointer inside of `old`.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   old    An old object.
+ * @param[in]   slot   A pointer inside of `old`.
+ * @param[out]  young  A young object.
+ */
+#define RB_OBJ_WRITE(old, slot, young) \
+    RBIMPL_CAST(rb_obj_write((VALUE)(old), (VALUE *)(slot), (VALUE)(young), __FILE__, __LINE__))
+
+/**
+ * Identical to #RB_OBJ_WRITE(), except it doesn't write any values, but only a
+ * WB declaration.   `oldv` is  replaced value  with `b`  (not used  in current
+ * Ruby).
+ *
+ * @param[in]   old    An old object.
+ * @param[in]   oldv   An object previously stored inside of `old`.
+ * @param[out]  young  A young object.
+ */
+#define RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(old, oldv, young) \
+    RBIMPL_CAST(rb_obj_written((VALUE)(old), (VALUE)(oldv), (VALUE)(young), __FILE__, __LINE__))
+/** @} */
+
+#define OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW /**< @old{RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW} */
+#define OBJ_PROMOTED     RB_OBJ_PROMOTED     /**< @old{RB_OBJ_PROMOTED} */
+#define OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT /**< @old{RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT} */
+
+/**
+ * Asserts that the passed object is  not fenced by write barriers.  Objects of
+ * such  property do  not contribute  to  generational GCs.   They are  scanned
+ * always.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  x  An object that would not be protected by the barrier.
+ */
+#define RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(x) rb_obj_wb_unprotect(x, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+
+/**
+ * Identical  to #RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(),  except it  can also  assert that  the
+ * given object is of given type.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   type  One of `ARRAY`, `STRING`, etc.
+ * @param[out]  obj   An object of `type` that would not be protected.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @shyouhei doesn't understand why this has to be visible from extensions.
+ */
+#define RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT_FOR(type, obj) \
+    (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_##type ? OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(obj) : obj)
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This is an implementation detail of rb_obj_wb_unprotect().  People don't use
+ * it directly.
+ */
+#define RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT rb_gc_unprotect_logging
+
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
+#define RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW
+#define RB_OBJ_PROMOTED     RB_OBJ_PROMOTED
+/** @endcond */
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
+/**
+ * This  is  the  implementation  of  #RB_OBJ_WRITE().   People  don't  use  it
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   old    An object that points to `young`.
+ * @param[out]  young  An object that is referenced from `old`.
+ */
+void rb_gc_writebarrier(VALUE old, VALUE young);
+
+/**
+ * This is the  implementation of #RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT().  People  don't use it
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * @param[out] obj  An object that does not participate in WB.
+ */
+void rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(VALUE obj);
+
+#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is  the   implementation  of  #RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT().   People
+ * don't use it directly.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  objptr    Don't  know why  this  is  a pointer  to  void but  in
+ *                       reality this is  a pointer to an object  that is about
+ *                       to be un-protected.
+ * @param[in]  filename  Pass C's `__FILE__` here.
+ * @param[in]  line      Pass C's `__LINE__` here.
+ */
+void rb_gc_unprotect_logging(void *objptr, const char *filename, int line);
+#endif
+
+RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/**
+ * This  is the  implementation  of #RB_OBJ_PROMOTED().   People  don't use  it
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj    An object to query.
+ * @retval     true   The object is "promoted".
+ * @retval     false  The object is young.  Have not experienced GC at all.
+ */
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(VALUE obj)
+{
+    RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
+    return RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj,  RUBY_FL_PROMOTED);
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/**
+ * Tests if the object is "promoted" -- that is, whether the object experienced
+ * one or more GC marks.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj    An object to query.
+ * @retval     true   The object is "promoted".
+ * @retval     false  The object is young.  Have not experienced GC at all.
+ * @note       Hello, is anyone actively calling this function?  @shyouhei have
+ *             never seen  any actual usages  outside of the  GC implementation
+ *             itself.
+ */
+static inline bool
+RB_OBJ_PROMOTED(VALUE obj)
+{
+    if (! RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    else {
+        return RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(obj);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * This is the  implementation of #RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT().  People  don't use it
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  x         An object that does not participate in WB.
+ * @param[in]   filename  C's `__FILE__` of the caller function.
+ * @param[in]   line      C's `__LINE__` of the caller function.
+ * @return      x
+ */
+static inline VALUE
+rb_obj_wb_unprotect(
+    VALUE x,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    const char *filename,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    int line)
+{
+#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+    RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT(RBIMPL_CAST((void *)x), filename, line);
+#endif
+    rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(x);
+    return x;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is  the implementation  of  #RB_OBJ_WRITTEN().   People don't  use  it
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   a         An old object.
+ * @param[in]   oldv      An object previously stored inside of `old`.
+ * @param[out]  b         A young object.
+ * @param[in]   filename  C's `__FILE__` of the caller function.
+ * @param[in]   line      C's `__LINE__` of the caller function.
+ * @return      a
+ */
+static inline VALUE
+rb_obj_written(
+    VALUE a,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    VALUE oldv,
+    VALUE b,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    const char *filename,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    int line)
+{
+#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
+    RGENGC_LOGGING_OBJ_WRITTEN(a, oldv, b, filename, line);
+#endif
+
+    if (!RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(b)) {
+        rb_gc_writebarrier(a, b);
+    }
+
+    return a;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @private
+ *
+ * This  is  the  implementation  of  #RB_OBJ_WRITE().   People  don't  use  it
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * @param[in]   a         An old object.
+ * @param[in]   slot      A pointer inside of `old`.
+ * @param[out]  b         A young object.
+ * @param[in]   filename  C's `__FILE__` of the caller function.
+ * @param[in]   line      C's `__LINE__` of the caller function.
+ * @return      a
+ */
+static inline VALUE
+rb_obj_write(
+    VALUE a, VALUE *slot, VALUE b,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    const char *filename,
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
+    int line)
+{
+#ifdef RGENGC_LOGGING_WRITE
+    RGENGC_LOGGING_WRITE(a, slot, b, filename, line);
+#endif
+
+    *slot = b;
+
+    rb_obj_written(a, RUBY_Qundef /* ignore `oldv' now */, b, filename, line);
+    return a;
+}
+
 #endif /* RBIMPL_GC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/globals.h b/include/ruby/internal/globals.h
index 5a414fc472..60d8e5309a 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/globals.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/globals.h
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cRegexp;                 /**< `Regexp` class. */
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cStat;                   /**< `File::Stat` class. */
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cString;                 /**< `String` class. */
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cStruct;                 /**< `Struct` class. */
-RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cSymbol;                 /**< `Sumbol` class. */
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cSymbol;                 /**< `Symbol` class. */
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cThread;                 /**< `Thread` class. */
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cTime;                   /**< `Time` class. */
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cTrueClass;              /**< `TrueClass` class. */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h b/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
index c5c48867bf..69b0f402cd 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/has/c_attribute.h
@@ -21,11 +21,23 @@
  * @brief      Defines #RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE.
  */
 
+#include "ruby/internal/has/extension.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/has/warning.h"
+
 /** Wraps (or simulates) `__has_c_attribute`. */
 #if defined(__cplusplus)
 # /* Makes no sense. */
 # define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) 0
 
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_EXTENSION(c_attributes)
+# /* Hmm.  It  seems Clang 17 has  this macro defined even  when -std=c99 mode,
+#  * _and_ fails  to compile complaining  that attributes are C2X  feature.  We
+#  * need to work around this nonsense. */
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) __has_c_attribute(_)
+
+#elif RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wc2x-extensions")
+# define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) 0
+
 #elif defined(__has_c_attribute)
 # define RBIMPL_HAS_C_ATTRIBUTE(_) __has_c_attribute(_)
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
index 2262c6f0c6..1909fdf17b 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/array.h
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ VALUE rb_ary_shared_with_p(VALUE lhs, VALUE rhs);
  *     : (int i)                 -> T?
  *     | (int beg, int len)      -> ::Array[T]?
  *     | (Range[int] r)          -> ::Array[T]?
- *     | (ArithmeticSequence as) -> ::Array[T]? # This also raises RagneError.
+ *     | (ArithmeticSequence as) -> ::Array[T]? # This also raises RangeError.
  * end
  * ```
  */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
index 43d68018de..c27f77a1fb 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/bignum.h
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 VALUE rb_big_new(size_t len, int sign);
 
 /**
- * Queries if  the passed bignum  instance is a  "bigzro".  What is  a bigzero?
+ * Queries if  the passed bignum  instance is a  "bigzero".  What is a bigzero?
  * Well, bignums  are for very big  integers, but can also  represent tiny ones
  * like -1,  0, 1.   Bigzero are  instances of bignums  whose values  are zero.
  * Knowing if a bignum is bigzero can  be handy on occasions, like for instance
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ size_t rb_absint_size(VALUE val, int *nlz_bits_ret);
  * @exception   rb_eTypeError  `val` doesn't respond to `#to_int`.
  * @retval      (size_t)-1     Overflowed.
  * @retval      otherwise
-                `((val_numbits * CHAR_BIT + word_numbits - 1) / word_numbits)`,
+ *              `((val_numbits * CHAR_BIT + word_numbits - 1) / word_numbits)`,
  *              where val_numbits is the number of bits of `abs(val)`.
  * @post        If  `nlz_bits_ret` is  not  `NULL` and  there  is no  overflow,
  *              `(return_value * word_numbits - val_numbits)`   is  stored   in
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
index 2181ab93c7..0fb2d001bc 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/class.h
@@ -200,6 +200,18 @@ VALUE rb_class_descendants(VALUE klass);
  */
 VALUE rb_class_subclasses(VALUE klass);
 
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the attached object for a singleton class.
+ *  If the given class is not a singleton class, raises a TypeError.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  klass A class.
+ * @return     The object which has the singleton class `klass`.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+VALUE rb_class_attached_object(VALUE klass);
+
 /**
  * Generates an array of symbols, which are the list of method names defined in
  * the passed class.
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
index 37493009f5..32647f48aa 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/cont.h
@@ -39,6 +39,28 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 VALUE rb_fiber_new(rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE callback_obj);
 
 /**
+ * Creates a Fiber instance from a C-backended block with the specified
+ * storage.
+ *
+ * If the given storage is Qundef or Qtrue, this function is equivalent to
+ * rb_fiber_new() which inherits storage from the current fiber.
+ *
+ * Specifying Qtrue is experimental and may be changed in the future.
+ *
+ * If the given storage is Qnil, this function will lazy initialize the
+ * internal storage which starts of empty (without any inheritance).
+ *
+ * Otherwise, the given storage is used as the internal storage.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  func          A function, to become the fiber's body.
+ * @param[in]  callback_obj  Passed as-is to `func`.
+ * @param[in]  storage       The way to set up the storage for the fiber.
+ * @return     An allocated  new instance  of rb_cFiber, which  is ready  to be
+ *             "resume"d.
+ */
+VALUE rb_fiber_new_storage(rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE callback_obj, VALUE storage);
+
+/**
  * Queries  the fiber  which  is  calling this  function.   Any ruby  execution
  * context has its fiber, either explicitly or implicitly.
  *
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
index 9c153cbac5..bf8daadd3e 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/error.h
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
  * @param[in]  max           Maximum allowed `argc`.
  * @exception  rb_eArgError  Always.
  */
-MJIT_STATIC void rb_error_arity(int argc, int min, int max);
+void rb_error_arity(int argc, int min, int max);
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
index 2dc60c7ba7..79820fdc61 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/file.h
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ int rb_is_absolute_path(const char *path);
  *              unpredictable.  POSIX's `<sys/stat.h>` states  that "the use of
  *              this field is unspecified" then.
  */
-off_t rb_file_size(VALUE file);
+rb_off_t rb_file_size(VALUE file);
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
deleted file mode 100644
index e7b8008729..0000000000
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/gc.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,392 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_GC_H                           /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
-#define RBIMPL_INTERN_GC_H
-/**
- * @file
- * @author     Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
- * @copyright  This  file  is   a  part  of  the   programming  language  Ruby.
- *             Permission  is hereby  granted,  to  either redistribute  and/or
- *             modify this file, provided that  the conditions mentioned in the
- *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
- * @warning    Symbols   prefixed  with   either  `RBIMPL`   or  `rbimpl`   are
- *             implementation details.   Don't take  them as canon.  They could
- *             rapidly appear then vanish.  The name (path) of this header file
- *             is also an  implementation detail.  Do not expect  it to persist
- *             at the place it is now.  Developers are free to move it anywhere
- *             anytime at will.
- * @note       To  ruby-core:  remember  that   this  header  can  be  possibly
- *             recursively included  from extension  libraries written  in C++.
- *             Do not  expect for  instance `__VA_ARGS__` is  always available.
- *             We assume C99  for ruby itself but we don't  assume languages of
- *             extension libraries.  They could be written in C++98.
- * @brief      Public APIs related to ::rb_mGC.
- */
-#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
-
-#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
-# include <stddef.h>                       /* size_t */
-#endif
-
-#if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
-# include <sys/types.h>                    /* ssize_t */
-#endif
-
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/cold.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
-
-RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
-
-/* gc.c */
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_COLD()
-RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN()
-/**
- * Triggers out-of-memory error.  If  possible it raises ::rb_eNoMemError.  But
- * because  we are  running out  of  memory that  is not  always doable.   This
- * function tries hard to show something, but ultimately can die silently.
- *
- * @exception  rb_eNoMemError  Raises it if possible.
- */
-void rb_memerror(void);
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
-/**
- * Queries if the GC is busy.
- *
- * @retval  0  It isn't.
- * @retval  1  It is.
- */
-int rb_during_gc(void);
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((1))
-/**
- * Marks  objects between  the two  pointers.  This  is one  of the  GC utility
- * functions    that   you    can    call   when    you    design   your    own
- * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @pre         Continuous memory region  from `start` to `end`  shall be fully
- *              addressable.
- * @param[out]  start  Pointer to an array of objects.
- * @param[out]  end    Pointer that terminates the array of objects.
- * @post        Objects from `start` to `end`, both inclusive, are marked.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * `end` can be NULL...  But that just results in no-op.
- */
-void rb_gc_mark_locations(const VALUE *start, const VALUE *end);
-
-/**
- * Identical to  rb_mark_hash(), except it marks  only values of the  table and
- * leave  their  associated keys  unmarked.  This  is  one  of the  GC  utility
- * functions    that   you    can    call   when    you    design   your    own
- * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @warning    Of course it can break GC.  Leave it unused if unsure.
- * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
- * @post       Values stored in `tbl` are marked.
- */
-void rb_mark_tbl(struct st_table *tbl);
-
-/**
- * Identical    to   rb_mark_tbl(),    except    it    marks   objects    using
- * rb_gc_mark_movable().  This is one of the  GC utility functions that you can
- * call when you design your own ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @warning    Of course it can break GC.  Leave it unused if unsure.
- * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
- * @post       Values stored in `tbl` are marked.
- */
-void rb_mark_tbl_no_pin(struct st_table *tbl);
-
-/**
- * Identical to  rb_mark_hash(), except  it marks  only keys  of the  table and
- * leave  their associated  values unmarked.   This is  one of  the GC  utility
- * functions    that   you    can    call   when    you    design   your    own
- * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @warning    Of course it can break GC.  Leave it unused if unsure.
- * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
- * @post       Keys stored in `tbl` are marked.
- */
-void rb_mark_set(struct st_table *tbl);
-
-/**
- * Marks keys and values  associated inside of the given table.  This is one of
- * the  GC  utility functions  that  you  can call  when  you  design your  own
- * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @param[in]  tbl  A table to mark.
- * @post       Objects stored in `tbl` are marked.
- */
-void rb_mark_hash(struct st_table *tbl);
-
-/**
- * Updates  references  inside  of  tables.   After  you  marked  values  using
- * rb_mark_tbl_no_pin(), the  objects inside  of the table  could of  course be
- * moved.  This function is to fixup  those references.  You can call this from
- * your ::rb_data_type_struct::dcompact.
- *
- * @param[out]  ptr  A table that potentially includes moved references.
- * @post        Moved references, if any, are corrected.
- */
-void rb_gc_update_tbl_refs(st_table *ptr);
-
-/**
- * Identical  to  rb_gc_mark(),  except  it   allows  the  passed  value  be  a
- * non-object.  For instance  pointers to different type of  memory regions are
- * allowed here.   Such values  are silently  ignored.  This is  one of  the GC
- * utility   functions  that   you  can   call   when  you   design  your   own
- * ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @param[out]  obj  A possible object.
- * @post        `obj` is marked, if possible.
- */
-void rb_gc_mark_maybe(VALUE obj);
-
-/**
- * Marks an object.  This is one of  the GC utility functions that you can call
- * when you design your own ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark.
- *
- * @param[out]  obj  Arbitrary Ruby object.
- * @post        `obj` is marked.
- */
-void rb_gc_mark(VALUE obj);
-
-/**
- * Maybe this  is the only  function provided for  C extensions to  control the
- * pinning of objects, so  let us describe it in detail.   These days Ruby's GC
- * is copying.  As far as an object's physical address is guaranteed unused, it
- * can move  around the object space.   Our GC engine rearranges  these objects
- * after it  reclaims unreachable objects  from our  object space, so  that the
- * space  is   compact  (improves  memory   locality).   This  is   called  the
- * "compaction" phase, and works  well most of the time... as  far as there are
- * no C  extensions.  C  extensions complicate the  scenario because  Ruby core
- * cannot detect  any use  of the  physical address  of an  object inside  of C
- * functions.  In order to prevent  memory corruptions, objects observable from
- * C extensions are "pinned"; they stick to where they are born until they die,
- * just in  case any C  extensions touch their  raw pointers.  This  variant of
- * scheme  is   called  "Mostly-Copying"  garbage  collector.    Authors  of  C
- * extensions,  however,   can  extremely   carefully  write  them   to  become
- * compaction-aware.  To do so avoid referring  to a Ruby object from inside of
- * your struct  in the  first place.   But if  that is  not possible,  use this
- * function  from your  ::rb_data_type_struct::dmark  then.   This way  objects
- * marked using it are  considered movable.  If you chose this  way you have to
- * manually fix up locations of such moved pointers using rb_gc_location().
- *
- * @see  Bartlett,  Joel  F.,  "Compacting Garbage  Collection  with  Ambiguous
- *       Roots",  ACM  SIGPLAN  Lisp  Pointers  Volume  1  Issue  6  pp.  3-12,
- *       April-May-June, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1145/1317224.1317225
- *
- * @param[in]  obj  Object that is movable.
- * @post       Values stored in `tbl` are marked.
- */
-void rb_gc_mark_movable(VALUE obj);
-
-/**
- * Finds a new "location" of an object.   An object can be moved on compaction.
- * This function projects  its new abode, or just returns  the passed object if
- * not moved.  This is  one of the GC utility functions that  you can call when
- * you design your own ::rb_data_type_struct::dcompact.
- *
- * @param[in]  obj  An object, possibly already moved to somewhere else.
- * @return     An object, which holds the current contents of former `obj`.
- */
-VALUE rb_gc_location(VALUE obj);
-
-/**
- * Asserts  that the  passed  object is  no longer  needed.   Such objects  are
- * reclaimed sooner or later so this  function is not mandatory.  But sometimes
- * you can know  from your application knowledge that an  object is surely dead
- * at some point.  Calling this as a hint can be a polite way.
- *
- * @param[out]  obj  Object, dead.
- * @pre         `obj` have never been passed to this function before.
- * @post        `obj` could be invalidated.
- * @warning     It  is a  failure  to pass  an object  multiple  times to  this
- *              function.
- * @deprecated  This is now a no-op function.
- */
-RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("this is now a no-op function"))
-void rb_gc_force_recycle(VALUE obj);
-
-/**
- * Triggers a GC process.  This was the only  GC entry point that we had at the
- * beginning.  Over time our GC evolved.  Now what this function does is just a
- * very  simplified  variation  of  the  entire GC  algorithms.   A  series  of
- * procedures kicked by this API is called a "full" GC.
- *
- *   - It immediately scans the entire object space to sort the dead.
- *   - It immediately reclaims any single dead bodies to reuse later.
- *
- * It is worth  noting that the procedures above do  not include evaluations of
- * finalisers.  They run later.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * Finalisers   are   deferred   until   we   can   handle   interrupts.    See
- * `rb_postponed_job_flush` in vm_trace.c.
- *
- * Of course there are  GC that are not "full".  For instance  this one and the
- * GC  which  runs when  we  are  running out  of  memory  are different.   See
- * `gc_profile_record_flag` defined in gc.c for the kinds of GC.
- *
- * In spite of the name this is not  what everything that a GC can trigger.  As
- * of writing  it seems this  function does  not trigger compaction.   But this
- * might change in future.
- */
-void rb_gc(void);
-
-/**
- * Copy&paste an object's finaliser to another.   This is one of the GC utility
- * functions  that you  can call  when you  design your  own `initialize_copy`,
- * `initialize_dup`, `initialize_clone`.
- *
- * @param[out]  dst  Destination object.
- * @param[in]   src  Source object.
- * @post        `dst` and `src` share the same finaliser.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * But isn't it  easier for you to call super,  and let `Object#initialize_copy`
- * call this function instead?
- */
-void rb_gc_copy_finalizer(VALUE dst, VALUE src);
-
-/**
- * (Re-) enables GC.  This makes sense only after you called rb_gc_disable().
- *
- * @retval  RUBY_Qtrue   GC was disabled before.
- * @retval  RUBY_Qfalse  GC was enabled before.
- * @post    GC is enabled.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * This is  one of  such exceptional  functions that does  not raise  both Ruby
- * exceptions and C++ exceptions.
- */
-VALUE rb_gc_enable(void);
-
-/**
- * Disables GC.   This prevents automatic GC  runs when the process  is running
- * out of memory.  Such situations shall result in rb_memerror().  However this
- * does not  prevent users from  manually invoking rb_gc().  That  should work.
- * People  abused this  by disabling  GC  at the  beginning of  an event  loop,
- * process events without GC overheads,  then manually force reclaiming garbage
- * at the bottom of the loop.  However  because our GC is now much smarter than
- * just calling rb_gc(), this technique is proven to be sub-optimal these days.
- * It  is  believed that  there  is  currently  practically  no needs  of  this
- * function.
- *
- * @retval  RUBY_Qtrue   GC was disabled before.
- * @retval  RUBY_Qfalse  GC was enabled before.
- * @post    GC is disabled.
- */
-VALUE rb_gc_disable(void);
-
-/**
- * Identical to rb_gc(), except the return value.
- *
- * @return  Always returns ::RUBY_Qnil.
- */
-VALUE rb_gc_start(void);
-
-/**
- * Assigns a finaliser for an object.  Each objects can have objects (typically
- * blocks)  that run  immediately  after  that object  dies.   They are  called
- * finalisers of an object.  This function associates a finaliser object with a
- * target object.
- *
- * @note  Note that finalisers run _after_  the object they finalise dies.  You
- *        cannot for instance call its methods.
- * @note  If  your finaliser  references the  object it  finalises that  object
- *        loses any chance to become  a garbage; effectively leaks memory until
- *        the end of the process.
- *
- * @param[in]  obj               Target to finalise.
- * @param[in]  block             Something `call`able.
- * @exception  rb_eRuntimeError  Somehow `obj` cannot have finalisers.
- * @exception  rb_eFrozenError   `obj` is frozen.
- * @exception  rb_eArgError      `block` doesn't respond to `call`.
- * @return     The passed `block`.
- * @post       `block` runs after `obj` dies.
- */
-VALUE rb_define_finalizer(VALUE obj, VALUE block);
-
-/**
- * Modifies the object so  that it has no finalisers at  all.  This function is
- * mainly provided for symmetry.  No practical usages can be thought of.
- *
- * @param[out]  obj               Object to clear its finalisers.
- * @exception   rb_eFrozenError  `obj` is frozen.
- * @return      The passed `obj`.
- * @post        `obj` has no finalisers.
- * @note        There is no way to undefine  a specific part of many finalisers
- *              that `obj` could have.  All you can do is to clear them all.
- */
-VALUE rb_undefine_finalizer(VALUE obj);
-
-/**
- * Identical to rb_gc_stat(), with "count" parameter.
- *
- * @return  Lifetime total number of runs of GC.
- */
-size_t rb_gc_count(void);
-
-/**
- * Obtains various GC  related profiles.  The parameter can be  either a Symbol
- * or a  Hash.  If  a Hash is  passed, it is  filled with  everything currently
- * available.  If a Symbol is passed just that portion is returned.
- *
- * Possible  variations of  keys  you  can pass  here  change  from version  to
- * version.  You can  get the list of  known keys by passing an  empty hash and
- * let it be filled.
- *
- * @param[in,out]  key_or_buf       A Symbol, or a Hash.
- * @exception      rb_eTypeError    Neither Symbol nor Hash.
- * @exception      rb_eFrozenError  Frozen hash is passed.
- * @return         In  case a  Hash  is  passed it  returns  0.  Otherwise  the
- *                 profile value associated with the given key is returned.
- * @post           In case a Hash is passed it is filled with values.
- */
-size_t rb_gc_stat(VALUE key_or_buf);
-
-/**
- * Obtains various  info regarding the most  recent GC run.  This  includes for
- * instance the reason  of the GC.  The  parameter can be either a  Symbol or a
- * Hash.   If  a  Hash  is  passed, it  is  filled  with  everything  currently
- * available.  If a Symbol is passed just that portion is returned.
- *
- * Possible  variations of  keys  you  can pass  here  change  from version  to
- * version.  You can  get the list of  known keys by passing an  empty hash and
- * let it be filled.
- *
- * @param[in,out]  key_or_buf       A Symbol, or a Hash.
- * @exception      rb_eTypeError    Neither Symbol nor Hash.
- * @exception      rb_eFrozenError  Frozen hash is passed.
- * @return         In case  a Hash is  passed it returns that  hash.  Otherwise
- *                 the profile value associated with the given key is returned.
- * @post           In case a Hash is passed it is filled with values.
- */
-VALUE rb_gc_latest_gc_info(VALUE key_or_buf);
-
-/**
- * Informs that  there are  external memory  usages.  Our GC  runs when  we are
- * running out of memory.  The amount of memory, however, can increase/decrease
- * behind-the-scene.  For  instance DLLs can allocate  memories using `mmap(2)`
- * etc, which  are opaque to  us.  Registering such external  allocations using
- * this function enables  proper detection of how much memories  an object used
- * as a whole.  That will trigger GCs  more often than it would otherwise.  You
- * can  also  pass  negative  numbers  here, to  indicate  that  such  external
- * allocations are gone.
- *
- * @param[in]  diff  Amount of memory increased(+)/decreased(-).
- */
-void rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage(ssize_t diff);
-
-RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
-
-#endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_GC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
index 288a16c2ec..9ceb98c2e4 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/load.h
@@ -177,6 +177,43 @@ VALUE rb_f_require(VALUE self, VALUE feature);
 VALUE rb_require_string(VALUE feature);
 
 /**
+ * Resolves  and  returns  a symbol  of  a  function  in  the  native extension
+ * specified by the feature and symbol names. Extensions will use this function
+ * to access the symbols provided by other native extensions.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  feature           Name of a feature, e.g. `"json"`.
+ * @param[in]  symbol            Name of a symbol defined by the feature.
+ * @return     The resolved symbol of  a function, defined and externed  by the
+ *             specified feature.  It may be NULL if the feature is not loaded,
+ *             the feature is not extension, or the symbol is not found.
+ */
+void *rb_ext_resolve_symbol(const char *feature, const char *symbol);
+
+/**
+ * This macro  is  to provide  backwards compatibility.  It provides  a  way to
+ * define function prototypes and resolving function symbols in a safe way.
+ *
+ * ```CXX
+ * // prototypes
+ * #ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RESOLVE_SYMBOL
+ * VALUE *(*other_extension_func)(VALUE,VALUE);
+ * #else
+ * VALUE other_extension_func(VALUE);
+ * #endif
+ *
+ * // in Init_xxx()
+ * #ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RESOLVE_SYMBOL
+ * other_extension_func = \
+ *     (VALUE(*)(VALUE,VALUE))rb_ext_resolve_symbol(fname, sym_name);
+ * if (other_extension_func == NULL) {
+ *   // raise your own error
+ * }
+ * #endif
+ * ```
+ */
+#define HAVE_RB_EXT_RESOLVE_SYMBOL 1
+
+/**
  * @name extension configuration
  * @{
  */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
index 19af49b140..b9ffa57c06 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/object.h
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ VALUE rb_class_new_instance_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, int kw_
  *
  * @param[in]  lhs          Comparison left hand side.
  * @param[in]  rhs          Comparison right hand side.
- * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue   They are equal.
- * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse  Otherwise.
+ * @retval     non-zero     They are equal.
+ * @retval     0            Otherwise.
  * @note       This  function  actually  calls `lhs.eql?(rhs)`  so  you  cannot
  *             implement your class' `#eql?` method using it.
  */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
index 7a7b24ed4b..cfa5e13162 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/process.h
@@ -31,6 +31,15 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 /* process.c */
 
 /**
+ * Wait for the specified process to terminate, reap it, and return its status.
+ *
+ * @param[in] pid The process ID to wait for.
+ * @param[in] flags The flags to pass to waitpid(2).
+ * @return VALUE An instance of Process::Status.
+ */
+VALUE rb_process_status_wait(rb_pid_t pid, int flags);
+
+/**
  * Sets the "last status", or the `$?`.
  *
  * @param[in]  status  The termination status, as defined in `waitpid(3posix)`.
@@ -247,7 +256,7 @@ rb_pid_t rb_spawn_err(int argc, const VALUE *argv, char *errbuf, size_t buflen);
  *
  * @internal
  *
- * This function  might or might  not exist depending on  `./confiugre` result.
+ * This function  might or might  not exist depending on  `./configure` result.
  * It must be a portability hell.  Better not use.
  */
 VALUE rb_proc_times(VALUE _);
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
index 31f5593275..4dd58b469b 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/re.h
@@ -87,11 +87,6 @@ void rb_match_busy(VALUE md);
  * @retval     RUBY_Qfalse    There is a `n`-th capture and is empty.
  * @retval     RUBY_Qtrue     There is a `n`-th capture that has something.
  *
- * @internal
- *
- * @shyouhei   wonders:  why   there   are   both  rb_reg_match_defined()   and
- * rb_match_nth_defined, which  are largely the  same things, but do  not share
- * their implementations at all?
  */
 VALUE rb_reg_nth_defined(int n, VALUE md);
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
index fabc287cd1..6ba84c6e63 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/select.h
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ struct timeval;
  *
  * Although  any file  descriptors are  possible here,  it makes  completely no
  * sense to pass  a descriptor that is  not `O_NONBLOCK`.  If you  want to know
- * the reason for  this limitatuon in detail, you might  find this thread super
+ * the reason for  this limitation in detail, you might  find this thread super
  * interesting: https://lkml.org/lkml/2004/10/6/117
  */
 int rb_thread_fd_select(int nfds, rb_fdset_t *rfds, rb_fdset_t *wfds, rb_fdset_t *efds, struct timeval *timeout);
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
index 84f7558404..e5b6d6c3d5 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/signal.h
@@ -113,12 +113,6 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
  */
 VALUE rb_f_kill(int argc, const VALUE *argv);
 
-/* This must be private, @shyouhei guesses. */
-#ifdef POSIX_SIGNAL
-#define posix_signal ruby_posix_signal
-void (*posix_signal(int, void (*)(int)))(int);
-#endif
-
 RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
 /**
  * Queries  the name  of  the signal.   It returns  for  instance `"KILL"`  for
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h b/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
index 312cf444e2..4510508d77 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/intern/struct.h
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ VALUE rb_struct_new(VALUE klass, ...);
  *
  * @param[in]  name           Name of the class.
  * @param[in]  ...            Arbitrary number of  `const char*`, terminated by
- *                            zero.  Each of which are the name of fields.
+ *                            NULL.  Each of which are the name of fields.
  * @exception  rb_eNameError  `name` is not a constant name.
  * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `name` is already taken.
- * @exception  rb_eArgError    Duplicated field name.
+ * @exception  rb_eArgError   Duplicated field name.
  * @return     The defined class.
  * @post       Global toplevel constant `name` is defined.
  * @note       `name` is allowed  to be a null pointer.   This function creates
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((2))
  * @param[out]  space          Namespace that the defining class shall reside.
  * @param[in]   name           Name of the class.
  * @param[in]   ...            Arbitrary number of `const char*`, terminated by
- *                             zero.  Each of which are the name of fields.
+ *                             NULL.  Each of which are the name of fields.
  * @exception   rb_eNameError  `name` is not a constant name.
  * @exception   rb_eTypeError  `name` is already taken.
- * @exception   rb_eArgError    Duplicated field name.
+ * @exception   rb_eArgError   Duplicated field name.
  * @return      The defined class.
  * @post        `name` is a constant under `space`.
  * @note        In contrast to rb_struct_define(), it doesn't make any sense to
@@ -164,10 +164,10 @@ VALUE rb_struct_alloc_noinit(VALUE klass);
  * @param[in]  super          Superclass of the defining class.
  * @param[in]  func           Must be 0 for extension libraries.
  * @param[in]  ...            Arbitrary number of  `const char*`, terminated by
- *                            zero.  Each of which are the name of fields.
+ *                            NULL.  Each of which are the name of fields.
  * @exception  rb_eNameError  `name` is not a constant name.
  * @exception  rb_eTypeError  `name` is already taken.
- * @exception  rb_eArgError    Duplicated field name.
+ * @exception  rb_eArgError   Duplicated field name.
  * @return     The defined class.
  * @post       Global toplevel constant `name` is defined.
  * @note       `name` is allowed  to be a null pointer.   This function creates
@@ -187,10 +187,10 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((2))
  * @param[in]   super          Superclass of the defining class.
  * @param[in]   alloc          Must be 0 for extension libraries.
  * @param[in]   ...            Arbitrary number of `const char*`, terminated by
- *                             zero.  Each of which are the name of fields.
+ *                             NULL.  Each of which are the name of fields.
  * @exception   rb_eNameError  `class_name` is not a constant name.
  * @exception   rb_eTypeError  `class_name` is already taken.
- * @exception   rb_eArgError    Duplicated field name.
+ * @exception   rb_eArgError   Duplicated field name.
  * @return      The defined class.
  * @post        `class_name` is a constant under `outer`.
  * @note        In contrast to  rb_struct_define_without_accessor(), it doesn't
@@ -198,6 +198,20 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((2))
  */
 VALUE rb_struct_define_without_accessor_under(VALUE outer, const char *class_name, VALUE super, rb_alloc_func_t alloc, ...);
 
+/**
+ * Defines an anonymous data class.
+ *
+ * @endinternal
+ *
+ * @param[in]  super           Superclass  of the  defining  class.   Must be  a
+ *                             descendant of ::rb_cData, or 0 as ::rb_cData.
+ * @param[in]  ...             Arbitrary number of  `const char*`, terminated by
+ *                             NULL.  Each of which are the name of fields.
+ * @exception  rb_eArgError    Duplicated field name.
+ * @return     The defined class.
+ */
+VALUE rb_data_define(VALUE super, ...);
+
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
 #endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_STRUCT_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/memory.h b/include/ruby/internal/memory.h
index 0f59262a91..8f00787512 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/memory.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/memory.h
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 #include "ruby/backward/2/assume.h"
 #include "ruby/defines.h"
 
-/** @cond INTENAL_MACRO  */
+/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO  */
 
 /* Make alloca work the best possible way.  */
 #if defined(alloca)
@@ -287,12 +287,12 @@ typedef uint128_t DSIZE_T;
     RBIMPL_CAST((type *)alloca(rbimpl_size_mul_or_raise(sizeof(type), (n))))
 
 /**
- * Identical to #RB_ALLOCV_N(), except it  implicitly assumes the type of array
- * is ::VALUE.
+ * Identical to #RB_ALLOCV_N(), except that it allocates a number of bytes and
+ * returns a void* .
  *
  * @param   v  A variable to hold the just-in-case opaque Ruby object.
  * @param   n  Size of allocation, in bytes.
- * @return  An array of `n` bytes of ::VALUE.
+ * @return  A void pointer to `n` bytes storage.
  * @note    `n` may be evaluated twice.
  */
 #define RB_ALLOCV(v, n)        \
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h b/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h
index a8a5557a25..ba1d7cbe59 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/newobj.h
@@ -172,6 +172,8 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("This is no longer how Object#clone works."))
 static inline void
 rb_clone_setup(VALUE clone, VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)clone;
+    (void)obj;
     return;
 }
 
@@ -189,6 +191,8 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("This is no longer how Object#dup works."))
 static inline void
 rb_dup_setup(VALUE dup, VALUE obj)
 {
+    (void)dup;
+    (void)obj;
     return;
 }
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h b/include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 7ea04442f6..0000000000
--- a/include/ruby/internal/rgengc.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,443 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef RBIMPL_RGENGC_H                              /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/
-#define RBIMPL_RGENGC_H
-/**
- * @file
- * @author     Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org>
- * @copyright  This  file  is   a  part  of  the   programming  language  Ruby.
- *             Permission  is hereby  granted,  to  either redistribute  and/or
- *             modify this file, provided that  the conditions mentioned in the
- *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
- * @warning    Symbols   prefixed  with   either  `RBIMPL`   or  `rbimpl`   are
- *             implementation details.   Don't take  them as canon.  They could
- *             rapidly appear then vanish.  The name (path) of this header file
- *             is also an  implementation detail.  Do not expect  it to persist
- *             at the place it is now.  Developers are free to move it anywhere
- *             anytime at will.
- * @note       To  ruby-core:  remember  that   this  header  can  be  possibly
- *             recursively included  from extension  libraries written  in C++.
- *             Do not  expect for  instance `__VA_ARGS__` is  always available.
- *             We assume C99  for ruby itself but we don't  assume languages of
- *             extension libraries.  They could be written in C++98.
- * @brief      RGENGC write-barrier APIs.
- * @see        Sasada,  K.,  "Gradual  write-barrier   insertion  into  a  Ruby
- *             interpreter",   in  proceedings   of   the   2019  ACM   SIGPLAN
- *             International  Symposium on  Memory Management  (ISMM 2019),  pp
- *             115-121, 2019.  https://doi.org/10.1145/3315573.3329986
- */
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/artificial.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/maybe_unused.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/value.h"
-#include "ruby/assert.h"
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * @deprecated  This macro once was a thing in the old days, but makes no sense
- *              any  longer today.   Exists  here  for backwards  compatibility
- *              only.  You can safely forget about it.
- */
-#undef USE_RGENGC
-#define USE_RGENGC 1
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This is  a compile-time flag  to enable/disable incremental GC  feature.  It
- * has to  be set at  the time  ruby itself compiles.   Makes no sense  for 3rd
- * parties.  It is safe  for them to set this though;  that just doesn't change
- * anything.
- */
-#ifndef USE_RINCGC
-# define USE_RINCGC 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @deprecated  This macro seems  broken.  Setting this to  anything other than
- *              zero just doesn't compile.  We need to KonMari.
- */
-#ifndef USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
-# define USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT 0
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RArray.  It has to be set  at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_ARRAY 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RHash.  It has  to be set at the time  ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_HASH 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RStruct.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRUCT
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRUCT 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RString.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRING
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_STRING 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RObject.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_OBJECT
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_OBJECT 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RRegexp.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_REGEXP
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_REGEXP 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RClass.  It has to be set  at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_CLASS 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RFloat.  It has to be set  at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_FLOAT
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_FLOAT 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RComplex.   It has  to be  set at  the time  ruby itself  compiles.
- * Makes no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_COMPLEX 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RRational.  It  has to  be set  at the  time ruby  itself compiles.
- * Makes no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_RATIONAL
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_RATIONAL 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is   a  compile-time   flag  to   enable/disable  write   barrier  for
- * struct ::RBignum.  It has to be set at the time ruby itself compiles.  Makes
- * no sense for 3rd parties.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_BIGNUM 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * @deprecated  This macro once was a thing in the old days, but makes no sense
- *              any  longer today.   Exists  here  for backwards  compatibility
- *              only.  You can safely forget about it.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * @shyouhei doesn't think anybody uses this right now.
- */
-#ifndef RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_NODE_CREF
-# define RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_NODE_CREF 1
-#endif
-
-/**
- * @defgroup rgengc Write barrier (WB) interfaces:
- *
- * @note The following  core interfaces can  be changed in the  future.  Please
- *       catch up if you want to insert WB into C-extensions correctly.
- *
- * @{
- */
-
-/**
- * Declaration of a "back" pointer.  This  is a write barrier for new reference
- * from  "old"  generation  to  "young" generation.   It  writes  `young`  into
- * `*slot`, which is a pointer inside of `old`.
- *
- * @param[in]   old    An old object.
- * @param[in]   slot   A pointer inside of `old`.
- * @param[out]  young  A young object.
- */
-#define RB_OBJ_WRITE(old, slot, young) \
-    RBIMPL_CAST(rb_obj_write((VALUE)(old), (VALUE *)(slot), (VALUE)(young), __FILE__, __LINE__))
-
-/**
- * Identical to #RB_OBJ_WRITE(), except it doesn't write any values, but only a
- * WB declaration.   `oldv` is  replaced value  with `b`  (not used  in current
- * Ruby).
- *
- * @param[in]   old    An old object.
- * @param[in]   oldv   An object previously stored inside of `old`.
- * @param[out]  young  A young object.
- */
-#define RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(old, oldv, young) \
-    RBIMPL_CAST(rb_obj_written((VALUE)(old), (VALUE)(oldv), (VALUE)(young), __FILE__, __LINE__))
-/** @} */
-
-#define OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW /**< @old{RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW} */
-#define OBJ_PROMOTED     RB_OBJ_PROMOTED     /**< @old{RB_OBJ_PROMOTED} */
-#define OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT /**< @old{RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT} */
-
-/**
- * Asserts that the passed object is  not fenced by write barriers.  Objects of
- * such  property do  not contribute  to  generational GCs.   They are  scanned
- * always.
- *
- * @param[out]  x  An object that would not be protected by the barrier.
- */
-#define RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(x) rb_obj_wb_unprotect(x, __FILE__, __LINE__)
-
-/**
- * Identical  to #RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(),  except it  can also  assert that  the
- * given object is of given type.
- *
- * @param[in]   type  One of `ARRAY`, `STRING`, etc.
- * @param[out]  obj   An object of `type` that would not be protected.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * @shyouhei doesn't understand why this has to be visible from extensions.
- */
-#define RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT_FOR(type, obj) \
-    (RGENGC_WB_PROTECTED_##type ? OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT(obj) : obj)
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This is an implementation detail of rb_obj_wb_unprotect().  People don't use
- * it directly.
- */
-#define RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT rb_gc_unprotect_logging
-
-/** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
-#define RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW
-#define RB_OBJ_PROMOTED     RB_OBJ_PROMOTED
-/** @endcond */
-
-RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
-/**
- * This  is  the  implementation  of  #RB_OBJ_WRITE().   People  don't  use  it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]   old    An object that points to `young`.
- * @param[out]  young  An object that is referenced from `old`.
- */
-void rb_gc_writebarrier(VALUE old, VALUE young);
-
-/**
- * This is the  implementation of #RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT().  People  don't use it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[out] obj  An object that does not participate in WB.
- */
-void rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(VALUE obj);
-
-#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is  the   implementation  of  #RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT().   People
- * don't use it directly.
- *
- * @param[in]  objptr    Don't  know why  this  is  a pointer  to  void but  in
- *                       reality this is  a pointer to an object  that is about
- *                       to be un-protected.
- * @param[in]  filename  Pass C's `__FILE__` here.
- * @param[in]  line      Pass C's `__LINE__` here.
- */
-void rb_gc_unprotect_logging(void *objptr, const char *filename, int line);
-#endif
-
-RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
-RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
-/**
- * This  is the  implementation  of #RB_OBJ_PROMOTED().   People  don't use  it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]  obj    An object to query.
- * @retval     true   The object is "promoted".
- * @retval     false  The object is young.  Have not experienced GC at all.
- */
-static inline bool
-RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(VALUE obj)
-{
-    RBIMPL_ASSERT_OR_ASSUME(RB_FL_ABLE(obj));
-    return RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj,  RUBY_FL_PROMOTED);
-}
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE_UNLESS_DEBUG()
-RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
-/**
- * Tests if the object is "promoted" -- that is, whether the object experienced
- * one or more GC marks.
- *
- * @param[in]  obj    An object to query.
- * @retval     true   The object is "promoted".
- * @retval     false  The object is young.  Have not experienced GC at all.
- * @note       Hello, is anyone actively calling this function?  @shyouhei have
- *             never seen  any actual usages  outside of the  GC implementation
- *             itself.
- */
-static inline bool
-RB_OBJ_PROMOTED(VALUE obj)
-{
-    if (! RB_FL_ABLE(obj)) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    else {
-        return RB_OBJ_PROMOTED_RAW(obj);
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * This is the  implementation of #RB_OBJ_WB_UNPROTECT().  People  don't use it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[out]  x         An object that does not participate in WB.
- * @param[in]   filename  C's `__FILE__` of the caller function.
- * @param[in]   line      C's `__LINE__` of the caller function.
- * @return      x
- */
-static inline VALUE
-rb_obj_wb_unprotect(
-    VALUE x,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    const char *filename,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    int line)
-{
-#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
-    RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT(RBIMPL_CAST((void *)x), filename, line);
-#endif
-    rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(x);
-    return x;
-}
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is  the implementation  of  #RB_OBJ_WRITTEN().   People don't  use  it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]   a         An old object.
- * @param[in]   oldv      An object previously stored inside of `old`.
- * @param[out]  b         A young object.
- * @param[in]   filename  C's `__FILE__` of the caller function.
- * @param[in]   line      C's `__LINE__` of the caller function.
- * @return      a
- */
-static inline VALUE
-rb_obj_written(
-    VALUE a,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    VALUE oldv,
-    VALUE b,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    const char *filename,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    int line)
-{
-#if USE_RGENGC_LOGGING_WB_UNPROTECT
-    RGENGC_LOGGING_OBJ_WRITTEN(a, oldv, b, filename, line);
-#endif
-
-    if (!RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(b)) {
-        rb_gc_writebarrier(a, b);
-    }
-
-    return a;
-}
-
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * This  is  the  implementation  of  #RB_OBJ_WRITE().   People  don't  use  it
- * directly.
- *
- * @param[in]   a         An old object.
- * @param[in]   slot      A pointer inside of `old`.
- * @param[out]  b         A young object.
- * @param[in]   filename  C's `__FILE__` of the caller function.
- * @param[in]   line      C's `__LINE__` of the caller function.
- * @return      a
- */
-static inline VALUE
-rb_obj_write(
-    VALUE a, VALUE *slot, VALUE b,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    const char *filename,
-    RBIMPL_ATTR_MAYBE_UNUSED()
-    int line)
-{
-#ifdef RGENGC_LOGGING_WRITE
-    RGENGC_LOGGING_WRITE(a, slot, b, filename, line);
-#endif
-
-    *slot = b;
-
-    rb_obj_written(a, RUBY_Qundef /* ignore `oldv' now */, b, filename, line);
-    return a;
-}
-
-#endif /* RBIMPL_RGENGC_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h b/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
index cf5b18f77d..1ed2bf6368 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/scan_args.h
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL((2, 3))
  * param-arg-spec        := pre-arg-spec [post-arg-spec] / post-arg-spec /
  *                          pre-opt-post-arg-spec
  * pre-arg-spec          := num-of-leading-mandatory-args
-                            [num-of-optional-args]
+ *                          [num-of-optional-args]
  * post-arg-spec         := sym-for-variable-length-args
  *                          [num-of-trailing-mandatory-args]
  * pre-opt-post-arg-spec := num-of-leading-mandatory-args num-of-optional-args
diff --git a/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h b/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
index 38934e4da3..dc0a6b41d6 100644
--- a/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
+++ b/include/ruby/internal/special_consts.h
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@
 #define RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P
 #define RB_STATIC_SYM_P    RB_STATIC_SYM_P
 #define RB_TEST            RB_TEST
+#define RB_UNDEF_P         RB_UNDEF_P
+#define RB_NIL_OR_UNDEF_P  RB_NIL_OR_UNDEF_P
 /** @endcond */
 
 /** special constants - i.e. non-zero and non-fixnum constants */
@@ -94,9 +96,9 @@ ruby_special_consts {
     RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG,           /**< Flag to denote a static symbol. */
 #elif USE_FLONUM
     RUBY_Qfalse         = 0x00, /* ...0000 0000 */
+    RUBY_Qnil           = 0x04, /* ...0000 0100 */
     RUBY_Qtrue          = 0x14, /* ...0001 0100 */
-    RUBY_Qnil           = 0x08, /* ...0000 1000 */
-    RUBY_Qundef         = 0x34, /* ...0011 0100 */
+    RUBY_Qundef         = 0x24, /* ...0010 0100 */
     RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK = 0x07, /* ...0000 0111 */
     RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG    = 0x01, /* ...xxxx xxx1 */
     RUBY_FLONUM_MASK    = 0x03, /* ...0000 0011 */
@@ -104,14 +106,14 @@ ruby_special_consts {
     RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG    = 0x0c, /* ...xxxx 1100 */
 #else
     RUBY_Qfalse         = 0x00, /* ...0000 0000 */
-    RUBY_Qtrue          = 0x02, /* ...0000 0010 */
-    RUBY_Qnil           = 0x04, /* ...0000 0100 */
-    RUBY_Qundef         = 0x06, /* ...0000 0110 */
+    RUBY_Qnil           = 0x02, /* ...0000 0010 */
+    RUBY_Qtrue          = 0x06, /* ...0000 0110 */
+    RUBY_Qundef         = 0x0a, /* ...0000 1010 */
     RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK = 0x03, /* ...0000 0011 */
     RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG    = 0x01, /* ...xxxx xxx1 */
     RUBY_FLONUM_MASK    = 0x00, /* any values ANDed with FLONUM_MASK cannot be FLONUM_FLAG */
     RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG    = 0x02, /* ...0000 0010 */
-    RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG    = 0x0e, /* ...0000 1110 */
+    RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG    = 0x0e, /* ...xxxx 1110 */
 #endif
 
     RUBY_SPECIAL_SHIFT  = 8 /**< Least significant 8 bits are reserved. */
@@ -136,12 +138,21 @@ static inline bool
 RB_TEST(VALUE obj)
 {
     /*
+     * if USE_FLONUM
      *  Qfalse:  ....0000 0000
-     *  Qnil:    ....0000 1000
-     * ~Qnil:    ....1111 0111
+     *  Qnil:    ....0000 0100
+     * ~Qnil:    ....1111 1011
      *  v        ....xxxx xxxx
      * ----------------------------
-     *  RTEST(v) ....xxxx 0xxx
+     *  RTEST(v) ....xxxx x0xx
+     *
+     * if ! USE_FLONUM
+     *  Qfalse:  ....0000 0000
+     *  Qnil:    ....0000 0010
+     * ~Qnil:    ....1111 1101
+     *  v        ....xxxx xxxx
+     * ----------------------------
+     *  RTEST(v) ....xxxx xx0x
      *
      *  RTEST(v) can be 0 if and only if (v == Qfalse || v == Qnil).
      */
@@ -168,6 +179,62 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
 RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
 RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 /**
+ * Checks if the given object is undef.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj    An arbitrary ruby object.
+ * @retval     true   `obj` is ::RUBY_Qundef.
+ * @retval     false  Anything else.
+ */
+static inline bool
+RB_UNDEF_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+    return obj == RUBY_Qundef;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX14)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/**
+ * Checks if the given object is nil or undef.  Can be used to see if
+ * a keyword argument is not given or given `nil`.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  obj    An arbitrary ruby object.
+ * @retval     true   `obj` is ::RUBY_Qnil or ::RUBY_Qundef.
+ * @retval     false  Anything else.
+ */
+static inline bool
+RB_NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(VALUE obj)
+{
+    /*
+     * if USE_FLONUM
+     *  Qundef:       ....0010 0100
+     *  Qnil:         ....0000 0100
+     *  mask:         ....1101 1111
+     *  common_bits:  ....0000 0100
+     * ---------------------------------
+     *  Qnil & mask   ....0000 0100
+     *  Qundef & mask ....0000 0100
+     *
+     * if ! USE_FLONUM
+     *  Qundef:       ....0000 1010
+     *  Qnil:         ....0000 0010
+     *  mask:         ....1111 0111
+     *  common_bits:  ....0000 0010
+     * ----------------------------
+     *  Qnil & mask   ....0000 0010
+     *  Qundef & mask ....0000 0010
+     *
+     *  NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(v) can be true only when v is Qundef or Qnil.
+     */
+    const VALUE mask = ~(RUBY_Qundef ^ RUBY_Qnil);
+    const VALUE common_bits = RUBY_Qundef & RUBY_Qnil;
+    return (obj & mask) == common_bits;
+}
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
+RBIMPL_ATTR_CONSTEXPR(CXX11)
+RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
+/**
  * Checks if the given object is a so-called Fixnum.
  *
  * @param[in]  obj    An arbitrary ruby object.
@@ -259,7 +326,7 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 static inline bool
 RB_SPECIAL_CONST_P(VALUE obj)
 {
-    return RB_IMMEDIATE_P(obj) || ! RB_TEST(obj);
+    return RB_IMMEDIATE_P(obj) || obj == RUBY_Qfalse;
 }
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_CONST()
diff --git a/include/ruby/io.h b/include/ruby/io.h
index dc4c8becf6..e9dfeda5b1 100644
--- a/include/ruby/io.h
+++ b/include/ruby/io.h
@@ -49,38 +49,49 @@
 /** @endcond */
 
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/const.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/attr/packed_struct.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/pure.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/value.h"
-#include "ruby/backward/2/attributes.h" /* PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED */
 
 // IO#wait, IO#wait_readable, IO#wait_writable, IO#wait_priority are defined by this implementation.
 #define RUBY_IO_WAIT_METHODS
 
+// Used as the default timeout argument to `rb_io_wait` to use the `IO#timeout` value.
+#define RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT Qnil
+
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
 struct stat;
 struct timeval;
 
 /**
+ * Indicates that a timeout has occurred while performing an IO operation.
+ */
+RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_eIOTimeoutError;
+
+/**
  * Type of events that an IO can wait.
  *
  * @internal
  *
  * This is visible from extension libraries because `io/wait` wants it.
  */
-typedef enum {
+enum rb_io_event {
     RUBY_IO_READABLE = RB_WAITFD_IN,  /**< `IO::READABLE` */
     RUBY_IO_WRITABLE = RB_WAITFD_OUT, /**< `IO::WRITABLE` */
     RUBY_IO_PRIORITY = RB_WAITFD_PRI, /**< `IO::PRIORITY` */
-} rb_io_event_t;
+};
+
+typedef enum rb_io_event rb_io_event_t;
 
 /**
  * IO  buffers.   This  is  an implementation  detail  of  ::rb_io_t::wbuf  and
  * ::rb_io_t::rbuf.  People don't manipulate it directly.
  */
-PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(struct rb_io_buffer_t {
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN()
+struct rb_io_internal_buffer {
 
     /** Pointer to the underlying memory region, of at least `capa` bytes. */
     char *ptr;                  /* off + len <= capa */
@@ -93,10 +104,10 @@ PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(struct rb_io_buffer_t {
 
     /** Designed capacity of the buffer. */
     int capa;
-});
+} RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END();
 
 /** @alias{rb_io_buffer_t} */
-typedef struct rb_io_buffer_t rb_io_buffer_t;
+typedef struct rb_io_internal_buffer rb_io_buffer_t;
 
 /** Decomposed encoding flags (e.g. `"enc:enc2""`). */
 /*
@@ -105,7 +116,7 @@ typedef struct rb_io_buffer_t rb_io_buffer_t;
  * e1   NULL force_encoding(e1)               convert str.encoding to e1
  * e1   e2   convert from e2 to e1            convert str.encoding to e2
  */
-struct rb_io_enc_t {
+struct rb_io_encoding {
     /** Internal encoding. */
     rb_encoding *enc;
     /** External encoding. */
@@ -126,40 +137,51 @@ struct rb_io_enc_t {
     VALUE ecopts;
 };
 
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_T
+#define HAVE_RB_IO_T 1
 /** Ruby's IO, metadata and buffers. */
-typedef struct rb_io_t {
-
+struct rb_io {
     /** The IO's Ruby level counterpart. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     VALUE self;
 
     /** stdio ptr for read/write, if available. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     FILE *stdio_file;
 
     /** file descriptor. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("rb_io_descriptor"))
     int fd;
 
     /** mode flags: FMODE_XXXs */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("rb_io_mode"))
     int mode;
 
     /** child's pid (for pipes) */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     rb_pid_t pid;
 
     /** number of lines read */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     int lineno;
 
     /** pathname for file */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("rb_io_path"))
     VALUE pathv;
 
     /** finalize proc */
-    void (*finalize)(struct rb_io_t*,int);
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
+    void (*finalize)(struct rb_io*,int);
 
     /** Write buffer. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     rb_io_buffer_t wbuf;
 
     /**
      * (Byte)  read   buffer.   Note  also   that  there  is  a   field  called
      * ::rb_io_t::cbuf, which also concerns read IO.
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     rb_io_buffer_t rbuf;
 
     /**
@@ -167,20 +189,25 @@ typedef struct rb_io_t {
      *
      * @see rb_io_set_write_io()
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("rb_io_get_write_io"))
     VALUE tied_io_for_writing;
 
-    struct rb_io_enc_t encs; /**< Decomposed encoding flags. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
+    struct rb_io_encoding encs; /**< Decomposed encoding flags. */
 
     /** Encoding converter used when reading from this IO. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     rb_econv_t *readconv;
 
     /**
      * rb_io_ungetc()  destination.   This  buffer   is  read  before  checking
      * ::rb_io_t::rbuf
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     rb_io_buffer_t cbuf;
 
     /** Encoding converter used when writing to this IO. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     rb_econv_t *writeconv;
 
     /**
@@ -189,21 +216,25 @@ typedef struct rb_io_t {
      * conversion from encoding  X to encoding Y does not  exist, Ruby finds an
      * encoding Z that bridges the two, so that X to Z to Y conversion happens.
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     VALUE writeconv_asciicompat;
 
     /** Whether ::rb_io_t::writeconv is already set up. */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     int writeconv_initialized;
 
     /**
      * Value   of    ::rb_io_t::rb_io_enc_t::ecflags   stored    right   before
      * initialising ::rb_io_t::writeconv.
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     int writeconv_pre_ecflags;
 
     /**
      * Value of ::rb_io_t::rb_io_enc_t::ecopts stored right before initialising
      * ::rb_io_t::writeconv.
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     VALUE writeconv_pre_ecopts;
 
     /**
@@ -213,20 +244,21 @@ typedef struct rb_io_t {
      *
      * This of course doesn't help inter-process IO interleaves, though.
      */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("with no replacement"))
     VALUE write_lock;
-} rb_io_t;
 
-/** @alias{rb_io_enc_t} */
-typedef struct rb_io_enc_t rb_io_enc_t;
+    /**
+     * The timeout associated with this IO when performing blocking operations.
+     */
+    RBIMPL_ATTR_DEPRECATED(("rb_io_timeout/rb_io_set_timeout"))
+    VALUE timeout;
+};
+#endif
 
-/**
- * @private
- *
- * @deprecated  This macro once was a thing in the old days, but makes no sense
- *              any  longer today.   Exists  here  for backwards  compatibility
- *              only.  You can safely forget about it.
- */
-#define HAVE_RB_IO_T 1
+typedef struct rb_io rb_io_t;
+
+/** @alias{rb_io_enc_t} */
+typedef struct rb_io_encoding rb_io_enc_t;
 
 /**
  * @name Possible flags for ::rb_io_t::mode
@@ -317,7 +349,16 @@ typedef struct rb_io_enc_t rb_io_enc_t;
  * Setting this one and #FMODE_BINMODE at the same time is a contradiction.
  */
 #define FMODE_TEXTMODE              0x00001000
-/* #define FMODE_PREP               0x00010000 */
+/**
+ * This flag means that an IO object is wrapping an "external" file descriptor,
+ * which is owned by something outside the Ruby interpreter (usually a C extension).
+ * Ruby will not close this file when the IO object is garbage collected.
+ * If this flag is set, then IO#autoclose? is false, and vice-versa.
+ *
+ * This flag was previously called FMODE_PREP internally.
+ */
+#define FMODE_EXTERNAL              0x00010000
+
 /* #define FMODE_SIGNAL_ON_EPIPE    0x00020000 */
 
 /**
@@ -332,6 +373,18 @@ typedef struct rb_io_enc_t rb_io_enc_t;
 /** @} */
 
 /**
+ * Allocate a new IO object, with the given file descriptor.
+ */
+VALUE rb_io_open_descriptor(VALUE klass, int descriptor, int mode, VALUE path, VALUE timeout, struct rb_io_encoding *encoding);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether or not the underlying IO is closed.
+ *
+ * @return Whether the underlying IO is closed.
+ */
+VALUE rb_io_closed_p(VALUE io);
+
+/**
  * Queries the underlying IO pointer.
  *
  * @param[in]   obj              An IO object.
@@ -401,14 +454,14 @@ rb_io_t *rb_io_make_open_file(VALUE obj);
  * like this:
  *
  * ```CXX
- * typedef struct rb_io_t {
+ * typedef struct rb_io {
  *     FILE *f;                    // stdio ptr for read/write
  *     FILE *f2;                   // additional ptr for rw pipes
  *     int mode;                   // mode flags
  *     int pid;                    // child's pid (for pipes)
  *     int lineno;                 // number of lines read
  *     char *path;                 // pathname for file
- *     void (*finalize) _((struct rb_io_t*,int)); // finalize proc
+ *     void (*finalize) _((struct rb_io*,int)); // finalize proc
  * } rb_io_t;
  *```
  *
@@ -690,6 +743,12 @@ VALUE rb_io_set_write_io(VALUE io, VALUE w);
 void rb_io_set_nonblock(rb_io_t *fptr);
 
 /**
+ * Returns the path for the given IO.
+ *
+ */
+VALUE rb_io_path(VALUE io);
+
+/**
  * Returns an integer representing the numeric file descriptor for
  * <em>io</em>.
  *
@@ -699,6 +758,12 @@ void rb_io_set_nonblock(rb_io_t *fptr);
 int rb_io_descriptor(VALUE io);
 
 /**
+ * Get the mode of the IO.
+ *
+ */
+int rb_io_mode(VALUE io);
+
+/**
  * This function  breaks down the  option hash that `IO#initialize`  takes into
  * components.   This is  an implementation  detail of  rb_io_extract_modeenc()
  * today.  People prefer that API instead.
@@ -845,13 +910,37 @@ int rb_io_wait_writable(int fd);
 int rb_wait_for_single_fd(int fd, int events, struct timeval *tv);
 
 /**
+ * Get the timeout associated with the specified io object.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  io                   An IO object.
+ * @retval     RUBY_Qnil            There is no associated timeout.
+ * @retval     Otherwise            The timeout value.
+ */
+VALUE rb_io_timeout(VALUE io);
+
+/**
+ * Set the timeout associated with the specified io object. This timeout is
+ * used as a best effort timeout to prevent operations from blocking forever.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  io                   An IO object.
+ * @param[in]  timeout              A timeout value. Must respond to #to_f.
+ * @
+ */
+VALUE rb_io_set_timeout(VALUE io, VALUE timeout);
+
+/**
  * Blocks until  the passed IO  is ready for  the passed events.   The "events"
  * here is  a Ruby level  integer, which is  an OR-ed value  of `IO::READABLE`,
  * `IO::WRITable`, and `IO::PRIORITY`.
  *
+ * If timeout is `Qnil`, it will use the default timeout as given by
+ * `rb_io_timeout(io)`.
+ *
  * @param[in]  io                   An IO object to wait.
  * @param[in]  events               See above.
  * @param[in]  timeout              Time, or numeric seconds since UNIX epoch.
+ *                                  If Qnil, use the default timeout. If Qfalse
+ *                                  or Qundef, wait forever.
  * @exception  rb_eIOError          `io` is not open.
  * @exception  rb_eRangeError       `timeout` is out of range.
  * @exception  rb_eSystemCallError  `select(2)` failed for some reason.
@@ -903,13 +992,8 @@ VALUE rb_io_maybe_wait(int error, VALUE io, VALUE events, VALUE timeout);
  * @exception  rb_eIOError          `io` is not open.
  * @exception  rb_eRangeError       `timeout` is out of range.
  * @exception  rb_eSystemCallError  `select(2)` failed for some reason.
- * @exception  rb_eTypeError        Operation timed out.
- * @return     Always returns ::RUBY_IO_READABLE.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * Because rb_io_maybe_wait()  returns ::RUBY_Qfalse on timeout,  this function
- * fails to convert that value to `int`, and raises ::rb_eTypeError.
+ * @retval     0                    Operation timed out.
+ * @retval     Otherwise            Always returns ::RUBY_IO_READABLE.
  */
 int rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(int error, VALUE io, VALUE timeout);
 
@@ -924,13 +1008,8 @@ int rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(int error, VALUE io, VALUE timeout);
  * @exception  rb_eIOError          `io` is not open.
  * @exception  rb_eRangeError       `timeout` is out of range.
  * @exception  rb_eSystemCallError  `select(2)` failed for some reason.
- * @exception  rb_eTypeError        Operation timed out.
- * @return     Always returns ::RUBY_IO_WRITABLE.
- *
- * @internal
- *
- * Because rb_io_maybe_wait()  returns ::RUBY_Qfalse on timeout,  this function
- * fails to convert that value to `int`, and raises ::rb_eTypeError.
+ * @retval     0                    Operation timed out.
+ * @retval     Otherwise            Always returns ::RUBY_IO_WRITABLE.
  */
 int rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(int error, VALUE io, VALUE timeout);
 
diff --git a/include/ruby/io/buffer.h b/include/ruby/io/buffer.h
index 907fec20bb..b044db0539 100644
--- a/include/ruby/io/buffer.h
+++ b/include/ruby/io/buffer.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef RUBY_IO_BUFFER_T
-#define RUBY_IO_BUFFER_T 1
+#ifndef RUBY_IO_BUFFER_H
+#define RUBY_IO_BUFFER_H
 /**
  * @file
  * @author     Samuel Williams
@@ -21,10 +21,20 @@ RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 // WARNING: This entire interface is experimental and may change in the future!
 #define RB_IO_BUFFER_EXPERIMENTAL 1
 
+#define RUBY_IO_BUFFER_VERSION 2
+
+// The `IO::Buffer` class.
 RUBY_EXTERN VALUE rb_cIOBuffer;
+
+// The operating system page size.
 RUBY_EXTERN size_t RUBY_IO_BUFFER_PAGE_SIZE;
+
+// The default buffer size, usually a (small) multiple of the page size.
+// Can be overridden by the RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE environment variable.
 RUBY_EXTERN size_t RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE;
 
+// Represents the internal state of the buffer.
+// More than one flag can be set at a time.
 enum rb_io_buffer_flags {
     // The memory in the buffer is owned by someone else.
     // More specifically, it means that someone else owns the buffer and we shouldn't try to resize it.
@@ -35,6 +45,9 @@ enum rb_io_buffer_flags {
     // A non-private mapping is marked as external.
     RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED = 4,
 
+    // A mapped buffer that is also shared.
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED = 8,
+
     // The buffer is locked and cannot be resized.
     // More specifically, it means we can't change the base address or size.
     // A buffer is typically locked before a system call that uses the data.
@@ -44,20 +57,25 @@ enum rb_io_buffer_flags {
     RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE = 64,
 
     // The buffer is read-only and cannot be modified.
-    RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY = 128
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY = 128,
+
+    // The buffer is backed by a file.
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_FILE = 256,
 };
 
+// Represents the endian of the data types.
 enum rb_io_buffer_endian {
+    // The least significant units are put first.
     RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN = 4,
     RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN = 8,
 
-#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
     RB_IO_BUFFER_HOST_ENDIAN = RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
-#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+#elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
     RB_IO_BUFFER_HOST_ENDIAN = RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN,
-#elif REG_DWORD == REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#elif defined(REG_DWORD) && REG_DWORD == REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN
     RB_IO_BUFFER_HOST_ENDIAN = RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
-#elif REG_DWORD == REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN
+#elif defined(REG_DWORD) && REG_DWORD == REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN
     RB_IO_BUFFER_HOST_ENDIAN = RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN,
 #endif
 
@@ -65,14 +83,19 @@ enum rb_io_buffer_endian {
 };
 
 VALUE rb_io_buffer_new(void *base, size_t size, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags);
-VALUE rb_io_buffer_map(VALUE io, size_t size, off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags);
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_map(VALUE io, size_t size, rb_off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags);
 
 VALUE rb_io_buffer_lock(VALUE self);
 VALUE rb_io_buffer_unlock(VALUE self);
 int rb_io_buffer_try_unlock(VALUE self);
+
 VALUE rb_io_buffer_free(VALUE self);
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_free_locked(VALUE self);
 
-int rb_io_buffer_get_bytes(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size);
+// Access the internal buffer and flags. Validates the pointers.
+// The points may not remain valid if the source buffer is manipulated.
+// Consider using rb_io_buffer_lock if needed.
+enum rb_io_buffer_flags rb_io_buffer_get_bytes(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size);
 void rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(VALUE self, const void **base, size_t *size);
 void rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size);
 
@@ -81,11 +104,11 @@ void rb_io_buffer_resize(VALUE self, size_t size);
 void rb_io_buffer_clear(VALUE self, uint8_t value, size_t offset, size_t length);
 
 // The length is the minimum required length.
-VALUE rb_io_buffer_read(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length);
-VALUE rb_io_buffer_pread(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, off_t offset);
-VALUE rb_io_buffer_write(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length);
-VALUE rb_io_buffer_pwrite(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, off_t offset);
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_read(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, size_t offset);
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_pread(VALUE self, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, size_t length, size_t offset);
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_write(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, size_t offset);
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_pwrite(VALUE self, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, size_t length, size_t offset);
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
-#endif  /* RUBY_IO_BUFFER_T */
+#endif  /* RUBY_IO_BUFFER_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/memory_view.h b/include/ruby/memory_view.h
index 83931038a0..42309d5afc 100644
--- a/include/ruby/memory_view.h
+++ b/include/ruby/memory_view.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # include <stddef.h>                       /* size_t */
 #endif
 
-#if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
 # include <sys/types.h>                    /* ssize_t */
 #endif
 
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ typedef struct {
     char format;
 
     /** :FIXME: what is a "native" size is unclear. */
-    unsigned native_size_p: 1;
+    bool native_size_p;
 
     /** Endian of the component */
-    unsigned little_endian_p: 1;
+    bool little_endian_p;
 
     /** The component's offset. */
     size_t offset;
diff --git a/include/ruby/onigmo.h b/include/ruby/onigmo.h
index a7ef59c7c8..d233336316 100644
--- a/include/ruby/onigmo.h
+++ b/include/ruby/onigmo.h
@@ -356,9 +356,9 @@ int onigenc_ascii_only_case_map(OnigCaseFoldType* flagP, const OnigUChar** pp, c
 #define ONIGENC_PRECISE_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc,p,e)   (enc)->precise_mbc_enc_len(p,e,enc)
 
 ONIG_EXTERN
-int onigenc_mbclen_approximate(const OnigUChar* p,const OnigUChar* e, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
+int onigenc_mbclen(const OnigUChar* p,const OnigUChar* e, const struct OnigEncodingTypeST* enc);
 
-#define ONIGENC_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc,p,e)           onigenc_mbclen_approximate(p,e,enc)
+#define ONIGENC_MBC_ENC_LEN(enc,p,e)           onigenc_mbclen(p,e,enc)
 #define ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN(enc)               ((enc)->max_enc_len)
 #define ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN_DIST(enc)           ONIGENC_MBC_MAXLEN(enc)
 #define ONIGENC_MBC_MINLEN(enc)               ((enc)->min_enc_len)
@@ -844,6 +844,8 @@ void onig_free(OnigRegex);
 ONIG_EXTERN
 void onig_free_body(OnigRegex);
 ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_reg_copy(OnigRegex* reg, OnigRegex orig_reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
 OnigPosition onig_scan(OnigRegex reg, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option, int (*scan_callback)(OnigPosition, OnigPosition, OnigRegion*, void*), void* callback_arg);
 ONIG_EXTERN
 OnigPosition onig_search(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, const OnigUChar* start, const OnigUChar* range, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option);
@@ -852,6 +854,8 @@ OnigPosition onig_search_gpos(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar*
 ONIG_EXTERN
 OnigPosition onig_match(OnigRegex, const OnigUChar* str, const OnigUChar* end, const OnigUChar* at, OnigRegion* region, OnigOptionType option);
 ONIG_EXTERN
+int onig_check_linear_time(OnigRegex reg);
+ONIG_EXTERN
 OnigRegion* onig_region_new(void);
 ONIG_EXTERN
 void onig_region_init(OnigRegion* region);
diff --git a/include/ruby/random.h b/include/ruby/random.h
index 657b37f034..f3df0d96fb 100644
--- a/include/ruby/random.h
+++ b/include/ruby/random.h
@@ -11,11 +11,31 @@
  *
  * This  is a  set of  APIs  to roll  your  own subclass  of ::rb_cRandom.   An
  * illustrative    example     of    such     PRNG    can    be     found    at
- * `ext/-test-/ramdom/loop.c`.
+ * `ext/-test-/random/loop.c`.
  */
 
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"
 
+/*
+ * version
+ * 0: before versioning; deprecated
+ * 1: added version, flags and init_32bit function
+ */
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MINOR 0
+
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_PASTE_VERSION_SUFFIX(x, y, z) x##_##y##_##z
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_WITH_VERSION_SUFFIX(name, major, minor) \
+    RUBY_RANDOM_PASTE_VERSION_SUFFIX(name, major, minor)
+#define rb_random_data_type \
+    RUBY_RANDOM_WITH_VERSION_SUFFIX(rb_random_data_type, \
+                                    RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR, \
+                                    RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MINOR)
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_INITIALIZER \
+    {RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR, RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MINOR}
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MAJOR_MAX 0xff
+#define RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_MINOR_MAX 0xff
+
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
 /**
@@ -48,6 +68,17 @@ typedef void rb_random_init_func(rb_random_t *rng, const uint32_t *buf, size_t l
 
 RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
 /**
+ * This is the type of functions called when your random object is initialised.
+ * Passed data is the seed integer.
+ *
+ * @param[out]  rng  Your random struct to fill in.
+ * @param[in]   data Seed, single word.
+ * @post        `rng` is initialised using the passed seeds.
+ */
+typedef void rb_random_init_int32_func(rb_random_t *rng, uint32_t data);
+
+RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(())
+/**
  * This is the type of functions  called from your object's `#rand` method.
  *
  * @param[out]  rng  Your random struct to extract an integer from.
@@ -84,9 +115,24 @@ typedef struct {
     /** Number of bits of seed numbers. */
     size_t default_seed_bits;
 
-    /** Initialiser function. */
+    /**
+     * Major/minor versions of this interface
+     */
+    struct {
+        uint8_t major, minor;
+    } version;
+
+    /**
+     * Reserved flags
+     */
+    uint16_t flags;
+
+    /** Function to initialize from uint32_t array. */
     rb_random_init_func *init;
 
+    /** Function to initialize from single uint32_t. */
+    rb_random_init_int32_func *init_int32;
+
     /** Function to obtain a random integer. */
     rb_random_get_int32_func *get_int32;
 
@@ -130,11 +176,12 @@ typedef struct {
 } rb_random_interface_t;
 
 /**
- * This utility macro defines  3 functions named prefix_init, prefix_get_int32,
- * prefix_get_bytes.
+ * This utility macro defines 4 functions named prefix_init, prefix_init_int32,
+ * prefix_get_int32, prefix_get_bytes.
  */
 #define RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DECLARE(prefix) \
     static void prefix##_init(rb_random_t *, const uint32_t *, size_t); \
+    static void prefix##_init_int32(rb_random_t *, uint32_t); \
     static unsigned int prefix##_get_int32(rb_random_t *); \
     static void prefix##_get_bytes(rb_random_t *, void *, size_t)
 
@@ -161,7 +208,9 @@ typedef struct {
  * ```
  */
 #define RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(prefix) \
+    RUBY_RANDOM_INTERFACE_VERSION_INITIALIZER, 0, \
     prefix##_init, \
+    prefix##_init_int32, \
     prefix##_get_int32, \
     prefix##_get_bytes
 
@@ -173,6 +222,12 @@ typedef struct {
     RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(prefix), \
     prefix##_get_real
 
+#define RB_RANDOM_DEFINE_INIT_INT32_FUNC(prefix) \
+    static void prefix##_init_int32(rb_random_t *rnd, uint32_t data) \
+    { \
+        prefix##_init(rnd, &data, 1); \
+    }
+
 #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
 typedef rb_data_type_t rb_random_data_type_t;
 # define RB_RANDOM_PARENT 0
@@ -189,7 +244,7 @@ typedef const rb_data_type_t rb_random_data_type_t;
  *     0, RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(your),
  * };
  *
- * static inline constexpr your_prng = {
+ * static inline constexpr rb_random_data_type_t your_prng_type = {
  *     "your PRNG",
  *     { rb_random_mark, },
  *     RB_RANDOM_PARENT,                 // <<-- HERE
diff --git a/include/ruby/re.h b/include/ruby/re.h
index 3892d6e7f2..f86d6f26cf 100644
--- a/include/ruby/re.h
+++ b/include/ruby/re.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+#include "ruby/onigmo.h"
 #include "ruby/regex.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/core/rmatch.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
@@ -126,6 +127,30 @@ VALUE rb_reg_quote(VALUE str);
 regex_t *rb_reg_prepare_re(VALUE re, VALUE str);
 
 /**
+ * Runs a regular expression match using function `match`. Performs preparation,
+ * error handling, and memory cleanup.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  re                  Target regular expression.
+ * @param[in]  str                 What `re` is about to run on.
+ * @param[in]  match               The function to run to match `str` against `re`.
+ * @param[in]  args                Pointer to arguments to pass into `match`.
+ * @param[out] regs                Registers on a successful match.
+ * @exception  rb_eArgError        `re` does not fit for `str`.
+ * @exception  rb_eEncCompatError  `re` and `str` are incompatible.
+ * @exception  rb_eRegexpError     `re` is malformed.
+ * @return     Match position on a successful match, `ONIG_MISMATCH` otherwise.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * The type `regex_t  *` is  defined  in  `<ruby/onigmo.h>`,  _and_
+ * _conflicts_ with POSIX's  `<regex.h>`.  We can no longer  save the situation
+ * at this point.  Just don't mix the two.
+ */
+OnigPosition rb_reg_onig_match(VALUE re, VALUE str,
+                               OnigPosition (*match)(regex_t *reg, VALUE str, struct re_registers *regs, void *args),
+                               void *args, struct re_registers *regs);
+
+/**
  * Duplicates a match data.  This  is roughly the same as `onig_region_copy()`,
  * except it tries to GC when there is not enough memory.
  *
diff --git a/include/ruby/ruby.h b/include/ruby/ruby.h
index 444940ca3a..035f02c70b 100644
--- a/include/ruby/ruby.h
+++ b/include/ruby/ruby.h
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 #include "ruby/internal/method.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/module.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/newobj.h"
-#include "ruby/internal/rgengc.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/scan_args.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/special_consts.h"
 #include "ruby/internal/symbol.h"
@@ -98,8 +97,10 @@ VALUE rb_get_path(VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_get_path_no_checksafe(VALUE);
 
 /**
- * @deprecated  This macro is an alias of #FilePathValue now.  The part that did
- *              "String" was deleted.  It remains here because of no harm.
+ * This macro actually does the same  thing as #FilePathValue now.  The "String"
+ * part indicates  that this is  for when a string  is treated like  a pathname,
+ * rather  than  the  actual  pathname  on  the  file  systems.   For  examples:
+ * `Dir.fnmatch?`, `File.join`, `File.basename`, etc.
  */
 #define FilePathStringValue(v) ((v) = rb_get_path(v))
 
@@ -271,6 +272,124 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 3, 0)
  */
 int ruby_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t n, char const *fmt, va_list ap);
 
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/**
+ * @name  Errno handling routines for userland threads
+ * @note  POSIX chapter 2 section 3 states  that for each thread  of a process,
+ *        the  value of  `errno` shall  not be  affected by  function calls  or
+ *        assignments to `errno` by other threads.
+ *
+ * Soooo this `#define  errno` below seems like a noob  mistake at first sight.
+ * If you look at its actual  implementation, the functions are just adding one
+ * level of indirection.  It doesn't make any sense sorry?  But yes!  @ko1 told
+ * @shyouhei that this is inevitable.
+ *
+ * The  ultimate  reason is  because  Ruby  now  has N:M  threads  implemented.
+ * Threads of that sort  change their context in user land.   A function can be
+ * "transferred" between  threads in  middle of their  executions.  Let  us for
+ * instance consider:
+ *
+ * ```cxx
+ * void foo()
+ * {
+ *     auto i = errno;
+ *     close(0);
+ *     errno = i;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * This function (if  ran under our Ractor) could change  its running thread at
+ * the `close` function.  But the  two `errno` invocations are different!  Look
+ * how the source code above is compiled by clang 17 with `-O3` flag @ Linux:
+ *
+ * ```
+ * foo(int):                                # @foo(int)
+ *         push    rbp
+ *         push    r14
+ *         push    rbx
+ *         mov     ebx, edi
+ *         call    __errno_location@PLT
+ *         mov     r14, rax
+ *         mov     ebp, dword ptr [rax]
+ *         mov     edi, ebx
+ *         call    close@PLT
+ *         mov     dword ptr [r14], ebp
+ *         pop     rbx
+ *         pop     r14
+ *         pop     rbp
+ *         ret
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Notice  how `__errno_location@PLT`  is  `call`-ed only  once.  The  compiler
+ * assumes that the location of `errno` does not change during a function call.
+ * Sadly this is  no longer true for us.  The  `close@PLT` now changes threads,
+ * which should also change where `errno` is stored.
+ *
+ * With the `#define errno` below the compilation result changes to this:
+ *
+ * ```
+ * foo(int):                                # @foo(int)
+ *         push    rbp
+ *         push    rbx
+ *         push    rax
+ *         mov     ebx, edi
+ *         call    rb_errno_ptr()@PLT
+ *         mov     ebp, dword ptr [rax]
+ *         mov     edi, ebx
+ *         call    close@PLT
+ *         call    rb_errno_ptr()@PLT
+ *         mov     dword ptr [rax], ebp
+ *         add     rsp, 8
+ *         pop     rbx
+ *         pop     rbp
+ *         ret
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Which fixes the problem.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Identical to system `errno`.
+ *
+ * @return The last set `errno` number.
+ */
+int rb_errno(void);
+
+/**
+ * Set the errno.
+ *
+ * @param  err  New `errno`.
+ * @post   `errno` is now set to `err`.
+ */
+void rb_errno_set(int err);
+
+/**
+ * The location of `errno`
+ *
+ * @return The (thread-specific) location of `errno`.
+ */
+int *rb_errno_ptr(void);
+
+/**
+ * Not sure if  it is necessary for  extension libraries but this  is where the
+ * "bare" errno is located.
+ *
+ * @return The location of `errno`.
+ */
+static inline int *
+rb_orig_errno_ptr(void)
+{
+    return &errno;
+}
+
+#define rb_orig_errno errno /**< System-provided original `errno`. */
+#undef errno
+#define errno (*rb_errno_ptr()) /**< Ractor-aware version of `errno`. */
+
+/** @} */
+
+
 /** @cond INTERNAL_MACRO */
 #if RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wgnu-zero-variadic-macro-arguments")
 # /* Skip it; clang -pedantic doesn't like the following */
diff --git a/include/ruby/st.h b/include/ruby/st.h
index 1e4bb80686..ba69c066c9 100644
--- a/include/ruby/st.h
+++ b/include/ruby/st.h
@@ -98,10 +98,14 @@ struct st_table {
 
 enum st_retval {ST_CONTINUE, ST_STOP, ST_DELETE, ST_CHECK, ST_REPLACE};
 
+size_t rb_st_table_size(const struct st_table *tbl);
+#define st_table_size rb_st_table_size
 st_table *rb_st_init_table(const struct st_hash_type *);
 #define st_init_table rb_st_init_table
 st_table *rb_st_init_table_with_size(const struct st_hash_type *, st_index_t);
 #define st_init_table_with_size rb_st_init_table_with_size
+st_table *rb_st_init_existing_table_with_size(st_table *tab, const struct st_hash_type *type, st_index_t size);
+#define st_init_existing_table_with_size rb_st_init_existing_table_with_size
 st_table *rb_st_init_numtable(void);
 #define st_init_numtable rb_st_init_numtable
 st_table *rb_st_init_numtable_with_size(st_index_t);
@@ -158,6 +162,8 @@ void rb_st_cleanup_safe(st_table *, st_data_t);
 #define st_cleanup_safe rb_st_cleanup_safe
 void rb_st_clear(st_table *);
 #define st_clear rb_st_clear
+st_table *rb_st_replace(st_table *new_tab, st_table *old_tab);
+#define st_replace rb_st_replace
 st_table *rb_st_copy(st_table *);
 #define st_copy rb_st_copy
 CONSTFUNC(int rb_st_numcmp(st_data_t, st_data_t));
diff --git a/include/ruby/thread.h b/include/ruby/thread.h
index 0b5b1ca0f3..f01d276a29 100644
--- a/include/ruby/thread.h
+++ b/include/ruby/thread.h
@@ -190,14 +190,46 @@ void *rb_nogvl(void *(*func)(void *), void *data1,
  */
 #define RUBY_CALL_WO_GVL_FLAG_SKIP_CHECK_INTS_
 
-#define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED    1 << 0 /** thread started */
+/**
+ * Triggered when a new thread is started.
+ *
+ * @note       The callback will be called *without* the GVL held.
+ */
+#define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_STARTED    1 << 0
+
+/**
+* Triggered when a thread attempt to acquire the GVL.
+*
+* @note       The callback will be called *without* the GVL held.
+*/
 #define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_READY      1 << 1 /** acquiring GVL */
+
+/**
+ * Triggered when a thread successfully acquired the GVL.
+ *
+ * @note       The callback will be called *with* the GVL held.
+ */
 #define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_RESUMED    1 << 2 /** acquired GVL */
+
+/**
+ * Triggered when a thread released the GVL.
+ *
+ * @note       The callback will be called *without* the GVL held.
+ */
 #define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_SUSPENDED  1 << 3 /** released GVL */
+
+/**
+ * Triggered when a thread exits.
+ *
+ * @note       The callback will be called *without* the GVL held.
+ */
 #define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_EXITED     1 << 4 /** thread terminated */
+
 #define RUBY_INTERNAL_THREAD_EVENT_MASK       0xff /** All Thread events */
 
-typedef void rb_internal_thread_event_data_t; // for future extension.
+typedef struct rb_internal_thread_event_data {
+   VALUE thread;
+} rb_internal_thread_event_data_t;
 
 typedef void (*rb_internal_thread_event_callback)(rb_event_flag_t event,
               const rb_internal_thread_event_data_t *event_data,
@@ -211,7 +243,12 @@ typedef struct rb_internal_thread_event_hook rb_internal_thread_event_hook_t;
  * @param[in]  events  A set of events that `func` should run.
  * @param[in]  data    Passed as-is to `func`.
  * @return     An opaque pointer to the hook, to unregister it later.
- * @note       This functionality is a noop on Windows.
+ * @note       This functionality is a noop on Windows and WebAssembly.
+ * @note       The callback will be called without the GVL held, except for the
+ *             RESUMED event.
+ * @note       Callbacks are not guaranteed to be executed on the native threads
+ *             that corresponds to the Ruby thread. To identify which Ruby thread
+ *             the event refers to, you must use `event_data->thread`.
  * @warning    This function MUST not be called from a thread event callback.
  */
 rb_internal_thread_event_hook_t *rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook(
@@ -223,13 +260,53 @@ rb_internal_thread_event_hook_t *rb_internal_thread_add_event_hook(
  * Unregister the passed hook.
  *
  * @param[in]  hook.  The hook to unregister.
- * @return     Wether the hook was found and unregistered.
- * @note       This functionality is a noop on Windows.
+ * @return     Whether the hook was found and unregistered.
+ * @note       This functionality is a noop on Windows and WebAssembly.
  * @warning    This function MUST not be called from a thread event callback.
 */
 bool rb_internal_thread_remove_event_hook(
         rb_internal_thread_event_hook_t * hook);
 
+
+typedef int rb_internal_thread_specific_key_t;
+#define RB_INTERNAL_THREAD_SPECIFIC_KEY_MAX 8
+/**
+ * Create a key to store thread specific data.
+ *
+ * These APIs are designed for tools using
+ * rb_internal_thread_event_hook APIs.
+ *
+ * Note that only `RB_INTERNAL_THREAD_SPECIFIC_KEY_MAX` keys
+ * can be created. raises `ThreadError` if exceeded.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   // at initialize time:
+ *   int tool_key; // gvar
+ *   Init_tool() {
+ *     tool_key = rb_internal_thread_specific_key_create();
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   // at any timing:
+ *   rb_internal_thread_specific_set(thread, tool_key, per_thread_data);
+ *   ...
+ *   per_thread_data = rb_internal_thread_specific_get(thread, tool_key);
+ */
+rb_internal_thread_specific_key_t rb_internal_thread_specific_key_create(void);
+
+/**
+ * Get thread and tool specific data.
+ *
+ * This function is async signal safe and thread safe.
+ */
+void *rb_internal_thread_specific_get(VALUE thread_val, rb_internal_thread_specific_key_t key);
+
+/**
+ * Set thread and tool specific data.
+ *
+ * This function is async signal safe and thread safe.
+ */
+void rb_internal_thread_specific_set(VALUE thread_val, rb_internal_thread_specific_key_t key, void *data);
+
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END()
 
 #endif /* RUBY_THREAD_H */
diff --git a/include/ruby/thread_native.h b/include/ruby/thread_native.h
index c23b15e133..8217a67514 100644
--- a/include/ruby/thread_native.h
+++ b/include/ruby/thread_native.h
@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@ typedef union rb_thread_lock_union {
     CRITICAL_SECTION crit;
 } rb_nativethread_lock_t;
 
+struct rb_thread_cond_struct {
+    struct cond_event_entry *next;
+    struct cond_event_entry *prev;
+};
+
 typedef struct rb_thread_cond_struct rb_nativethread_cond_t;
 
 #elif defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_H)
diff --git a/include/ruby/util.h b/include/ruby/util.h
index f0ea874322..12e69c4b80 100644
--- a/include/ruby/util.h
+++ b/include/ruby/util.h
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 # include <stddef.h>                       /* size_t */
 #endif
 
-#if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
 # include <sys/types.h>                    /* ssize_t */
 #endif
 
@@ -33,9 +33,20 @@
 
 RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN()
 
-/** an approximation of ceil(n * log10(2)), up to 65536 at least */
+/** an approximation of ceil(n * log10(2)), up to 1,048,576 (1<<20)
+ * without overflow within 32-bit calculation
+ */
 #define DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS(n) (((n) * 3010 + 9998) / 9999)
 
+/** an approximation of decimal representation size for n-bytes */
+#define DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BYTES(n) DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BITS((n) * CHAR_BIT)
+
+/**
+ * An approximation of decimal representation size. `expr` may be a
+ * type name
+ */
+#define DECIMAL_SIZE_OF(expr) DECIMAL_SIZE_OF_BYTES(sizeof(expr))
+
 /**
  * Character to  number mapping  like `'a'`  -> `10`, `'b'`  -> `11`  etc.  For
  * punctuation etc.,  the value is  -1.  "36"  terminology comes from  the fact
diff --git a/include/ruby/version.h b/include/ruby/version.h
index 18b3abc8d7..08c0aadb07 100644
--- a/include/ruby/version.h
+++ b/include/ruby/version.h
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
  * Minor  version.   As of  writing  this  version changes  annually.   Greater
  * version doesn't mean "better"; they just mean years passed.
  */
-#define RUBY_API_VERSION_MINOR 2
+#define RUBY_API_VERSION_MINOR 3
 
 /**
  * Teeny version.  This digit  is kind of reserved these days.   Kept 0 for the
diff --git a/include/ruby/win32.h b/include/ruby/win32.h
index ea460a5e46..dfb56f4182 100644
--- a/include/ruby/win32.h
+++ b/include/ruby/win32.h
@@ -19,11 +19,6 @@ RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
  */
 
 /*
- * Definitions for NT port of Perl
- */
-
-
-/*
  * Ok now we can include the normal include files.
  */
 
@@ -152,8 +147,10 @@ typedef int clockid_t;
 #define open			rb_w32_uopen
 #define close(h)		rb_w32_close(h)
 #define fclose(f)		rb_w32_fclose(f)
-#define read(f, b, s)		rb_w32_read(f, b, s)
-#define write(f, b, s)		rb_w32_write(f, b, s)
+#define read(f, b, s) rb_w32_read(f, b, s)
+#define write(f, b, s) rb_w32_write(f, b, s)
+#define pread(f, b, s, o) rb_w32_pread(f, b, s, o)
+#define pwrite(f, b, s, o) rb_w32_pwrite(f, b, s, o)
 #define getpid()		rb_w32_getpid()
 #undef HAVE_GETPPID
 #define HAVE_GETPPID 1
@@ -195,7 +192,6 @@ struct stati128 {
   long st_ctimensec;
 };
 
-#define off_t __int64
 #define stat stati128
 #undef SIZEOF_STRUCT_STAT_ST_INO
 #define SIZEOF_STRUCT_STAT_ST_INO sizeof(unsigned __int64)
@@ -303,7 +299,6 @@ extern DWORD  rb_w32_osver(void);
 extern int rb_w32_uchown(const char *, int, int);
 extern int rb_w32_ulink(const char *, const char *);
 extern ssize_t rb_w32_ureadlink(const char *, char *, size_t);
-extern ssize_t rb_w32_wreadlink(const WCHAR *, WCHAR *, size_t);
 extern int rb_w32_usymlink(const char *src, const char *link);
 extern int gettimeofday(struct timeval *, struct timezone *);
 extern int clock_gettime(clockid_t, struct timespec *);
@@ -394,6 +389,7 @@ scalb(double a, long b)
 #endif
 
 #define S_IFLNK 0xa000
+#define S_IFSOCK 0xc000
 
 /*
  * define this so we can do inplace editing
@@ -401,9 +397,9 @@ scalb(double a, long b)
 
 #define SUFFIX
 
-extern int rb_w32_ftruncate(int fd, off_t length);
-extern int rb_w32_truncate(const char *path, off_t length);
-extern int rb_w32_utruncate(const char *path, off_t length);
+extern int rb_w32_ftruncate(int fd, rb_off_t length);
+extern int rb_w32_truncate(const char *path, rb_off_t length);
+extern int rb_w32_utruncate(const char *path, rb_off_t length);
 
 #undef HAVE_FTRUNCATE
 #define HAVE_FTRUNCATE 1
@@ -722,7 +718,9 @@ int  rb_w32_fclose(FILE*);
 int  rb_w32_pipe(int[2]);
 ssize_t rb_w32_read(int, void *, size_t);
 ssize_t rb_w32_write(int, const void *, size_t);
-off_t  rb_w32_lseek(int, off_t, int);
+ssize_t rb_w32_pread(int, void *, size_t, rb_off_t offset);
+ssize_t rb_w32_pwrite(int, const void *, size_t, rb_off_t offset);
+rb_off_t  rb_w32_lseek(int, rb_off_t, int);
 int  rb_w32_uutime(const char *, const struct utimbuf *);
 int  rb_w32_uutimes(const char *, const struct timeval *);
 int  rb_w32_uutimensat(int /* must be AT_FDCWD */, const char *, const struct timespec *, int /* must be 0 */);
@@ -815,7 +813,7 @@ double rb_w32_pow(double x, double y);
 #define MAP_ANON	0x1000
 #define MAP_ANONYMOUS	MAP_ANON
 
-extern void *rb_w32_mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, off_t);
+extern void *rb_w32_mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, rb_off_t);
 extern int rb_w32_munmap(void *, size_t);
 extern int rb_w32_mprotect(void *, size_t, int);
 
diff --git a/inits.c b/inits.c
index 22ba6d5a8c..9ed104f369 100644
--- a/inits.c
+++ b/inits.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@ static void Init_builtin_prelude(void);
 void
 rb_call_inits(void)
 {
+    CALL(default_shapes);
     CALL(Thread_Mutex);
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    CALL(TransientHeap);
-#endif
-    CALL(vm_postponed_job);
-    CALL(Method);
     CALL(RandomSeedCore);
     CALL(encodings);
     CALL(sym);
@@ -55,17 +51,18 @@ rb_call_inits(void)
     CALL(Dir);
     CALL(Time);
     CALL(Random);
-    CALL(signal);
     CALL(load);
     CALL(Proc);
     CALL(Binding);
     CALL(Math);
     CALL(GC);
+    CALL(WeakMap);
     CALL(Enumerator);
     CALL(Ractor);
     CALL(VM);
     CALL(ISeq);
     CALL(Thread);
+    CALL(signal);
     CALL(Fiber_Scheduler);
     CALL(process);
     CALL(Cont);
@@ -77,6 +74,8 @@ rb_call_inits(void)
     CALL(vm_stack_canary);
     CALL(ast);
     CALL(gc_stress);
+    CALL(shape);
+    CALL(Prism);
 
     // enable builtin loading
     CALL(builtin);
@@ -97,13 +96,15 @@ rb_call_builtin_inits(void)
     BUILTIN(warning);
     BUILTIN(array);
     BUILTIN(kernel);
+    BUILTIN(symbol);
     BUILTIN(timev);
     BUILTIN(thread_sync);
     BUILTIN(yjit);
     BUILTIN(nilclass);
     BUILTIN(marshal);
-#if USE_MJIT
-    BUILTIN(mjit);
+#if USE_RJIT
+    BUILTIN(rjit_c);
+    BUILTIN(rjit);
 #endif
     Init_builtin_prelude();
 }
diff --git a/insns.def b/insns.def
index 15c4734b8b..5f6cb314ff 100644
--- a/insns.def
+++ b/insns.def
@@ -253,6 +253,16 @@ setclassvariable
     vm_setclassvariable(GET_ISEQ(), GET_CFP(), id,  val, ic);
 }
 
+DEFINE_INSN
+opt_getconstant_path
+(IC ic)
+()
+(VALUE val)
+// attr bool leaf = false; /* may autoload or raise */
+{
+    val = rb_vm_opt_getconstant_path(ec, GET_CFP(), ic);
+}
+
 /* Get constant variable id. If klass is Qnil and allow_nil is Qtrue, constants
    are searched in the current scope. Otherwise, get constant under klass
    class or module.
@@ -488,10 +498,11 @@ expandarray
 (rb_num_t num, rb_num_t flag)
 (..., VALUE ary)
 (...)
+// attr bool handles_sp = true;
 // attr bool leaf = false; /* has rb_check_array_type() */
 // attr rb_snum_t sp_inc = (rb_snum_t)num - 1 + (flag & 1 ? 1 : 0);
 {
-    vm_expandarray(GET_SP(), ary, num, (int)flag);
+    vm_expandarray(GET_CFP(), ary, num, (int)flag);
 }
 
 /* concat two arrays */
@@ -516,6 +527,17 @@ splatarray
     obj = vm_splat_array(flag, ary);
 }
 
+/* call to_hash on hash to keyword splat before converting block */
+DEFINE_INSN
+splatkw
+()
+(VALUE hash, VALUE block)
+(VALUE obj, VALUE block)
+// attr bool leaf = false; /* has rb_to_hash_type() */
+{
+    obj = rb_to_hash_type(hash);
+}
+
 /* put new Hash from n elements. n must be an even number. */
 DEFINE_INSN
 newhash
@@ -674,7 +696,21 @@ defined
 {
     val = Qnil;
     if (vm_defined(ec, GET_CFP(), op_type, obj, v)) {
-      val = pushval;
+        val = pushval;
+    }
+}
+
+/* defined?(@foo) */
+DEFINE_INSN
+definedivar
+(ID id, IVC ic, VALUE pushval)
+()
+(VALUE val)
+// attr bool leaf  = false;
+{
+    val = Qnil;
+    if (vm_getivar(GET_SELF(), id, GET_ISEQ(), ic, NULL, FALSE, Qundef) != Qundef) {
+        val = pushval;
     }
 }
 
@@ -776,6 +812,7 @@ send
 {
     VALUE bh = vm_caller_setup_arg_block(ec, GET_CFP(), cd->ci, blockiseq, false);
     val = vm_sendish(ec, GET_CFP(), cd, bh, mexp_search_method);
+    JIT_EXEC(ec, val);
 
     if (val == Qundef) {
         RESTORE_REGS();
@@ -795,6 +832,7 @@ opt_send_without_block
 {
     VALUE bh = VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE;
     val = vm_sendish(ec, GET_CFP(), cd, bh, mexp_search_method);
+    JIT_EXEC(ec, val);
 
     if (val == Qundef) {
         RESTORE_REGS();
@@ -860,8 +898,8 @@ opt_str_uminus
 }
 
 DEFINE_INSN
-opt_newarray_max
-(rb_num_t num)
+opt_newarray_send
+(rb_num_t num, ID method)
 (...)
 (VALUE val)
 /* This instruction typically has no funcalls.  But it compares array
@@ -870,20 +908,21 @@ opt_newarray_max
  * cannot but mark it being not leaf. */
 // attr bool leaf = false; /* has rb_funcall() */
 // attr rb_snum_t sp_inc = 1 - (rb_snum_t)num;
-{
-    val = vm_opt_newarray_max(ec, num, STACK_ADDR_FROM_TOP(num));
-}
-
-DEFINE_INSN
-opt_newarray_min
-(rb_num_t num)
-(...)
-(VALUE val)
-/* Same discussion as opt_newarray_max. */
-// attr bool leaf = false; /* has rb_funcall() */
-// attr rb_snum_t sp_inc = 1 - (rb_snum_t)num;
-{
-    val = vm_opt_newarray_min(ec, num, STACK_ADDR_FROM_TOP(num));
+// attr rb_snum_t comptime_sp_inc = 1 - (rb_snum_t)num;
+{
+    switch(method) {
+      case idHash:
+        val = vm_opt_newarray_hash(ec, num, STACK_ADDR_FROM_TOP(num));
+        break;
+      case idMin:
+        val = vm_opt_newarray_min(ec, num, STACK_ADDR_FROM_TOP(num));
+        break;
+      case idMax:
+        val = vm_opt_newarray_max(ec, num, STACK_ADDR_FROM_TOP(num));
+        break;
+      default:
+        rb_bug("unreachable");
+    }
 }
 
 /* super(args) # args.size => num */
@@ -897,6 +936,7 @@ invokesuper
 {
     VALUE bh = vm_caller_setup_arg_block(ec, GET_CFP(), cd->ci, blockiseq, true);
     val = vm_sendish(ec, GET_CFP(), cd, bh, mexp_search_super);
+    JIT_EXEC(ec, val);
 
     if (val == Qundef) {
         RESTORE_REGS();
@@ -916,6 +956,7 @@ invokeblock
 {
     VALUE bh = VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE;
     val = vm_sendish(ec, GET_CFP(), cd, bh, mexp_search_invokeblock);
+    JIT_EXEC(ec, val);
 
     if (val == Qundef) {
         RESTORE_REGS();
@@ -1039,46 +1080,6 @@ branchnil
 /* for optimize                                           */
 /**********************************************************/
 
-/* push inline-cached value and go to dst if it is valid */
-DEFINE_INSN
-opt_getinlinecache
-(OFFSET dst, IC ic)
-()
-(VALUE val)
-{
-    struct iseq_inline_constant_cache_entry *ice = ic->entry;
-
-    // If there isn't an entry, then we're going to walk through the ISEQ
-    // starting at this instruction until we get to the associated
-    // opt_setinlinecache and associate this inline cache with every getconstant
-    // listed in between. We're doing this here instead of when the instructions
-    // are first compiled because it's possible to turn off inline caches and we
-    // want this to work in either case.
-    if (!ice) {
-        vm_ic_compile(GET_CFP(), ic);
-    }
-
-    if (ice && vm_ic_hit_p(ice, GET_EP())) {
-        val = ice->value;
-        JUMP(dst);
-    }
-    else {
-        ruby_vm_constant_cache_misses++;
-        val = Qnil;
-    }
-}
-
-/* set inline cache */
-DEFINE_INSN
-opt_setinlinecache
-(IC ic)
-(VALUE val)
-(VALUE val)
-// attr bool leaf = false;
-{
-    vm_ic_update(GET_ISEQ(), ic, val, GET_EP());
-}
-
 /* run iseq only once */
 DEFINE_INSN
 once
@@ -1362,10 +1363,8 @@ opt_aset_with
         val = tmp;
     }
     else {
-#ifndef MJIT_HEADER
         TOPN(0) = rb_str_resurrect(key);
         PUSH(val);
-#endif
         CALL_SIMPLE_METHOD();
     }
 }
@@ -1382,9 +1381,7 @@ opt_aref_with
     val = vm_opt_aref_with(recv, key);
 
     if (val == Qundef) {
-#ifndef MJIT_HEADER
         PUSH(rb_str_resurrect(key));
-#endif
         CALL_SIMPLE_METHOD();
     }
 }
@@ -1474,27 +1471,6 @@ opt_regexpmatch2
     }
 }
 
-/* call native compiled method */
-DEFINE_INSN_IF(SUPPORT_CALL_C_FUNCTION)
-opt_call_c_function
-(rb_insn_func_t funcptr)
-()
-()
-// attr bool leaf = false; /* anything can happen inside */
-// attr bool handles_sp = true;
-{
-    reg_cfp = (funcptr)(ec, reg_cfp);
-
-    if (reg_cfp == 0) {
-        VALUE err = ec->errinfo;
-        ec->errinfo = Qnil;
-        THROW_EXCEPTION(err);
-    }
-
-    RESTORE_REGS();
-    NEXT_INSN();
-}
-
 /* call specific function with args */
 DEFINE_INSN
 invokebuiltin
diff --git a/internal.h b/internal.h
index 0740ae99e5..c66e057f60 100644
--- a/internal.h
+++ b/internal.h
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
 /* Prevent compiler from reordering access */
 #define ACCESS_ONCE(type,x) (*((volatile type *)&(x)))
 
+#define UNDEF_P         RB_UNDEF_P
+#define NIL_OR_UNDEF_P  RB_NIL_OR_UNDEF_P
+
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"
 
 /* Following macros were formerly defined in this header but moved to somewhere
@@ -40,7 +43,6 @@
 /* internal/gc.h */
 #undef NEWOBJ_OF
 #undef RB_NEWOBJ_OF
-#undef RB_OBJ_WRITE
 
 /* internal/hash.h */
 #undef RHASH_IFNONE
@@ -48,9 +50,6 @@
 #undef RHASH_TBL
 #undef RHASH_EMPTY_P
 
-/* internal/object.h */
-#undef ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL
-
 /* internal/struct.h */
 #undef RSTRUCT_LEN
 #undef RSTRUCT_PTR
diff --git a/internal/array.h b/internal/array.h
index 17d91a800b..39f6fcbea6 100644
--- a/internal/array.h
+++ b/internal/array.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #define RARRAY_PTR_IN_USE_FLAG  FL_USER14
 
 /* array.c */
+VALUE rb_ary_hash_values(long len, const VALUE *elements);
 VALUE rb_ary_last(int, const VALUE *, VALUE);
 void rb_ary_set_len(VALUE, long);
 void rb_ary_delete_same(VALUE, VALUE);
@@ -35,13 +36,11 @@ void rb_ary_cancel_sharing(VALUE ary);
 size_t rb_ary_size_as_embedded(VALUE ary);
 void rb_ary_make_embedded(VALUE ary);
 bool rb_ary_embeddable_p(VALUE ary);
+VALUE rb_ary_diff(VALUE ary1, VALUE ary2);
 
 static inline VALUE rb_ary_entry_internal(VALUE ary, long offset);
 static inline bool ARY_PTR_USING_P(VALUE ary);
-static inline void RARY_TRANSIENT_SET(VALUE ary);
-static inline void RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(VALUE ary);
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_ary_tmp_new_from_values(VALUE, long, const VALUE *);
 VALUE rb_check_to_array(VALUE ary);
 VALUE rb_ary_behead(VALUE, long);
@@ -49,14 +48,13 @@ VALUE rb_ary_aref1(VALUE ary, VALUE i);
 
 struct rb_execution_context_struct;
 VALUE rb_ec_ary_new_from_values(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, long n, const VALUE *elts);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 // YJIT needs this function to never allocate and never raise
 static inline VALUE
 rb_ary_entry_internal(VALUE ary, long offset)
 {
     long len = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
-    const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary);
+    const VALUE *ptr = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary);
     if (len == 0) return Qnil;
     if (offset < 0) {
         offset += len;
@@ -118,22 +116,6 @@ ARY_SHARED_ROOT_REFCNT(VALUE ary)
     return RARRAY(ary)->as.heap.aux.capa;
 }
 
-static inline void
-RARY_TRANSIENT_SET(VALUE ary)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_SET_RAW(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-RARY_TRANSIENT_UNSET(VALUE ary)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_UNSET_RAW(ary, RARRAY_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
 #undef rb_ary_new_from_args
 #if RBIMPL_HAS_WARNING("-Wgnu-zero-variadic-macro-arguments")
 # /* Skip it; clang -pedantic doesn't like the following */
@@ -154,9 +136,16 @@ RBIMPL_ATTR_ARTIFICIAL()
 static inline VALUE
 RARRAY_AREF(VALUE ary, long i)
 {
+    VALUE val;
     RBIMPL_ASSERT_TYPE(ary, RUBY_T_ARRAY);
 
-    return RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(ary)[i];
+    RBIMPL_WARNING_PUSH();
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && __GNUC__ == 13
+    RBIMPL_WARNING_IGNORED(-Warray-bounds);
+#endif
+    val = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(ary)[i];
+    RBIMPL_WARNING_POP();
+    return val;
 }
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_ARRAY_H */
diff --git a/internal/basic_operators.h b/internal/basic_operators.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a59403631e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/basic_operators.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#ifndef INTERNAL_BOP_H                                /*-*-C-*-vi:se ft=c:*/
+#define INTERNAL_BOP_H
+
+#include "internal.h"
+#include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h"
+
+enum ruby_basic_operators {
+    BOP_PLUS,
+    BOP_MINUS,
+    BOP_MULT,
+    BOP_DIV,
+    BOP_MOD,
+    BOP_EQ,
+    BOP_EQQ,
+    BOP_LT,
+    BOP_LE,
+    BOP_LTLT,
+    BOP_AREF,
+    BOP_ASET,
+    BOP_LENGTH,
+    BOP_SIZE,
+    BOP_EMPTY_P,
+    BOP_NIL_P,
+    BOP_SUCC,
+    BOP_GT,
+    BOP_GE,
+    BOP_NOT,
+    BOP_NEQ,
+    BOP_MATCH,
+    BOP_FREEZE,
+    BOP_UMINUS,
+    BOP_MAX,
+    BOP_MIN,
+    BOP_HASH,
+    BOP_CALL,
+    BOP_AND,
+    BOP_OR,
+    BOP_CMP,
+    BOP_DEFAULT,
+
+    BOP_LAST_
+};
+
+RUBY_EXTERN short ruby_vm_redefined_flag[BOP_LAST_];
+
+/* optimize insn */
+#define INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG (1 << 0)
+#define FLOAT_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG  (1 << 1)
+#define STRING_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG (1 << 2)
+#define ARRAY_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG  (1 << 3)
+#define HASH_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG   (1 << 4)
+/* #define BIGNUM_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG (1 << 5) */
+#define SYMBOL_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG (1 << 6)
+#define TIME_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG   (1 << 7)
+#define REGEXP_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG (1 << 8)
+#define NIL_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG    (1 << 9)
+#define TRUE_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG   (1 << 10)
+#define FALSE_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG  (1 << 11)
+#define PROC_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG   (1 << 12)
+
+#define BASIC_OP_UNREDEFINED_P(op, klass) (LIKELY((ruby_vm_redefined_flag[(op)]&(klass)) == 0))
+
+#endif
diff --git a/internal/bignum.h b/internal/bignum.h
index 5cd35ede8a..db8d3aee83 100644
--- a/internal/bignum.h
+++ b/internal/bignum.h
@@ -163,11 +163,9 @@ VALUE rb_str2big_gmp(VALUE arg, int base, int badcheck);
 VALUE rb_int_parse_cstr(const char *str, ssize_t len, char **endp, size_t *ndigits, int base, int flags);
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 #if defined(HAVE_INT128_T)
 VALUE rb_int128t2big(int128_t n);
 #endif
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 /* sign: positive:1, negative:0 */
 static inline bool
diff --git a/internal/bits.h b/internal/bits.h
index 2602ff7a31..1fe98fa430 100644
--- a/internal/bits.h
+++ b/internal/bits.h
@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@
 # include <stdlib.h>            /* for _byteswap_uint64 */
 #endif
 
-#if defined(HAVE_X86INTRIN_H) && ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
-# /* Rule out MJIT_HEADER, which does not interface well with <immintrin.h> */
+#if defined(HAVE_X86INTRIN_H)
 # include <x86intrin.h>         /* for _lzcnt_u64 */
 #elif MSC_VERSION_SINCE(1310)
 # include <intrin.h>            /* for the following intrinsics */
@@ -119,12 +118,16 @@
     MUL_OVERFLOW_SIGNED_INTEGER_P(a, b, FIXNUM_MIN, FIXNUM_MAX)
 #endif
 
-#ifdef MUL_OVERFLOW_P
+#if defined(MUL_OVERFLOW_P) && defined(USE___BUILTIN_MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_LONG)
 # define MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_LONG_P(a, b) MUL_OVERFLOW_P(a, b)
+#else
+# define MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_LONG_P(a, b) MUL_OVERFLOW_SIGNED_INTEGER_P(a, b, LLONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef MUL_OVERFLOW_P
 # define MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_P(a, b)      MUL_OVERFLOW_P(a, b)
 # define MUL_OVERFLOW_INT_P(a, b)       MUL_OVERFLOW_P(a, b)
 #else
-# define MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_LONG_P(a, b) MUL_OVERFLOW_SIGNED_INTEGER_P(a, b, LLONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX)
 # define MUL_OVERFLOW_LONG_P(a, b)      MUL_OVERFLOW_SIGNED_INTEGER_P(a, b, LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX)
 # define MUL_OVERFLOW_INT_P(a, b)       MUL_OVERFLOW_SIGNED_INTEGER_P(a, b, INT_MIN, INT_MAX)
 #endif
@@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ nlz_int32(uint32_t x)
      * safety. */
     return (unsigned int)__lzcnt(x);
 
-#elif defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__LZCNT__) && ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
+#elif defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__LZCNT__)
     return (unsigned int)_lzcnt_u32(x);
 
 #elif MSC_VERSION_SINCE(1400) /* &&! defined(__AVX2__) */
@@ -264,7 +267,7 @@ nlz_int64(uint64_t x)
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__AVX2__)
     return (unsigned int)__lzcnt64(x);
 
-#elif defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__LZCNT__) && ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
+#elif defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__LZCNT__)
     return (unsigned int)_lzcnt_u64(x);
 
 #elif defined(_WIN64) && MSC_VERSION_SINCE(1400) /* &&! defined(__AVX2__) */
@@ -395,9 +398,9 @@ rb_popcount32(uint32_t x)
 #else
     x = (x & 0x55555555) + (x >> 1 & 0x55555555);
     x = (x & 0x33333333) + (x >> 2 & 0x33333333);
-    x = (x & 0x0f0f0f0f) + (x >> 4 & 0x0f0f0f0f);
-    x = (x & 0x001f001f) + (x >> 8 & 0x001f001f);
-    x = (x & 0x0000003f) + (x >>16 & 0x0000003f);
+    x = (x & 0x07070707) + (x >> 4 & 0x07070707);
+    x = (x & 0x000f000f) + (x >> 8 & 0x000f000f);
+    x = (x & 0x0000001f) + (x >>16 & 0x0000001f);
     return (unsigned int)x;
 
 #endif
@@ -425,9 +428,9 @@ rb_popcount64(uint64_t x)
     x = (x & 0x5555555555555555) + (x >> 1 & 0x5555555555555555);
     x = (x & 0x3333333333333333) + (x >> 2 & 0x3333333333333333);
     x = (x & 0x0707070707070707) + (x >> 4 & 0x0707070707070707);
-    x = (x & 0x001f001f001f001f) + (x >> 8 & 0x001f001f001f001f);
-    x = (x & 0x0000003f0000003f) + (x >>16 & 0x0000003f0000003f);
-    x = (x & 0x000000000000007f) + (x >>32 & 0x000000000000007f);
+    x = (x & 0x000f000f000f000f) + (x >> 8 & 0x000f000f000f000f);
+    x = (x & 0x0000001f0000001f) + (x >>16 & 0x0000001f0000001f);
+    x = (x & 0x000000000000003f) + (x >>32 & 0x000000000000003f);
     return (unsigned int)x;
 
 #endif
@@ -450,7 +453,7 @@ rb_popcount_intptr(uintptr_t x)
 static inline int
 ntz_int32(uint32_t x)
 {
-#if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__BMI__) && ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
+#if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__BMI__)
     return (unsigned)_tzcnt_u32(x);
 
 #elif MSC_VERSION_SINCE(1400)
@@ -472,7 +475,7 @@ ntz_int32(uint32_t x)
 static inline int
 ntz_int64(uint64_t x)
 {
-#if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__BMI__) && ! defined(MJIT_HEADER)
+#if defined(__x86_64__) && defined(__BMI__)
     return (unsigned)_tzcnt_u64(x);
 
 #elif defined(_WIN64) && MSC_VERSION_SINCE(1400)
diff --git a/internal/class.h b/internal/class.h
index ae680564a6..594f1daea7 100644
--- a/internal/class.h
+++ b/internal/class.h
@@ -8,12 +8,19 @@
  *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
  * @brief      Internal header for Class.
  */
+#include "id.h"
 #include "id_table.h"           /* for struct rb_id_table */
-#include "internal/gc.h"        /* for RB_OBJ_WRITE */
 #include "internal/serial.h"    /* for rb_serial_t */
+#include "internal/static_assert.h"
+#include "internal/variable.h"  /* for rb_class_ivar_set */
 #include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"     /* for bool */
 #include "ruby/intern.h"        /* for rb_alloc_func_t */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for struct RBasic */
+#include "shape.h"
+#include "ruby_assert.h"
+#include "vm_core.h"
+#include "vm_sync.h"
+#include "method.h"             /* for rb_cref_t */
 
 #ifdef RCLASS_SUPER
 # undef RCLASS_SUPER
@@ -24,28 +31,20 @@ struct rb_subclass_entry {
     struct rb_subclass_entry *next;
     struct rb_subclass_entry *prev;
 };
-
-struct rb_iv_index_tbl_entry {
-    uint32_t index;
-    rb_serial_t class_serial;
-    VALUE class_value;
-};
+typedef struct rb_subclass_entry rb_subclass_entry_t;
 
 struct rb_cvar_class_tbl_entry {
     uint32_t index;
     rb_serial_t global_cvar_state;
+    const rb_cref_t * cref;
     VALUE class_value;
 };
 
 struct rb_classext_struct {
-    struct st_table *iv_index_tbl; // ID -> struct rb_iv_index_tbl_entry
-    struct st_table *iv_tbl;
-#if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T == SIZEOF_VALUE /* otherwise m_tbl is in struct RClass */
-    struct rb_id_table *m_tbl;
-#endif
+    VALUE *iv_ptr;
     struct rb_id_table *const_tbl;
     struct rb_id_table *callable_m_tbl;
-    struct rb_id_table *cc_tbl; /* ID -> [[ci, cc1], cc2, ...] */
+    struct rb_id_table *cc_tbl; /* ID -> [[ci1, cc1], [ci2, cc2] ...] */
     struct rb_id_table *cvc_tbl;
     size_t superclass_depth;
     VALUE *superclasses;
@@ -57,76 +56,107 @@ struct rb_classext_struct {
      * included. Hopefully that makes sense.
      */
     struct rb_subclass_entry *module_subclass_entry;
-#if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T != SIZEOF_VALUE && !USE_RVARGC /* otherwise class_serial is in struct RClass */
-    rb_serial_t class_serial;
-#endif
     const VALUE origin_;
     const VALUE refined_class;
-    rb_alloc_func_t allocator;
+    union {
+        struct {
+            rb_alloc_func_t allocator;
+        } class;
+        struct {
+            VALUE attached_object;
+        } singleton_class;
+    } as;
     const VALUE includer;
+    attr_index_t max_iv_count;
+    unsigned char variation_count;
+    bool permanent_classpath : 1;
+    bool cloned : 1;
+    VALUE classpath;
 };
+typedef struct rb_classext_struct rb_classext_t;
+
+STATIC_ASSERT(shape_max_variations, SHAPE_MAX_VARIATIONS < (1 << (sizeof(((rb_classext_t *)0)->variation_count) * CHAR_BIT)));
 
 struct RClass {
     struct RBasic basic;
     VALUE super;
-#if !USE_RVARGC
-    struct rb_classext_struct *ptr;
-#endif
-#if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T == SIZEOF_VALUE
-    /* Class serial is as wide as VALUE.  Place it here. */
-    rb_serial_t class_serial;
-#else
-    /* Class serial does not fit into struct RClass. Place m_tbl instead. */
     struct rb_id_table *m_tbl;
-# if USE_RVARGC
-    rb_serial_t *class_serial_ptr;
-# endif
-#endif
 };
 
-typedef struct rb_subclass_entry rb_subclass_entry_t;
-typedef struct rb_classext_struct rb_classext_t;
+// Assert that classes can be embedded in size_pools[2] (which has 160B slot size)
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_rb_classext_t, sizeof(struct RClass) + sizeof(rb_classext_t) <= 4 * RVALUE_SIZE);
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
-#  define RCLASS_EXT(c) ((rb_classext_t *)((char *)(c) + sizeof(struct RClass)))
-#else
-#  define RCLASS_EXT(c) (RCLASS(c)->ptr)
-#endif
-#define RCLASS_IV_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->iv_tbl)
+struct RClass_and_rb_classext_t {
+    struct RClass rclass;
+    rb_classext_t classext;
+};
+
+#define RCLASS_EXT(c) (&((struct RClass_and_rb_classext_t*)(c))->classext)
 #define RCLASS_CONST_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->const_tbl)
-#if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T == SIZEOF_VALUE
-# define RCLASS_M_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->m_tbl)
-#else
-# define RCLASS_M_TBL(c) (RCLASS(c)->m_tbl)
-#endif
+#define RCLASS_M_TBL(c) (RCLASS(c)->m_tbl)
+#define RCLASS_IVPTR(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->iv_ptr)
 #define RCLASS_CALLABLE_M_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->callable_m_tbl)
 #define RCLASS_CC_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->cc_tbl)
 #define RCLASS_CVC_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->cvc_tbl)
-#define RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->iv_index_tbl)
 #define RCLASS_ORIGIN(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->origin_)
 #define RCLASS_REFINED_CLASS(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->refined_class)
-#if SIZEOF_SERIAL_T == SIZEOF_VALUE
-# define RCLASS_SERIAL(c) (RCLASS(c)->class_serial)
-#else
-# if USE_RVARGC
-#  define RCLASS_SERIAL(c) (*RCLASS(c)->class_serial_ptr)
-# else
-#  define RCLASS_SERIAL(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->class_serial)
-# endif
-#endif
 #define RCLASS_INCLUDER(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->includer)
 #define RCLASS_SUBCLASS_ENTRY(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->subclass_entry)
 #define RCLASS_MODULE_SUBCLASS_ENTRY(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->module_subclass_entry)
-#define RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->allocator)
 #define RCLASS_SUBCLASSES(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->subclasses)
 #define RCLASS_SUPERCLASS_DEPTH(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->superclass_depth)
 #define RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->superclasses)
+#define RCLASS_ATTACHED_OBJECT(c) (RCLASS_EXT(c)->as.singleton_class.attached_object)
 
 #define RICLASS_IS_ORIGIN FL_USER0
-#define RCLASS_CLONED     FL_USER1
 #define RCLASS_SUPERCLASSES_INCLUDE_SELF FL_USER2
 #define RICLASS_ORIGIN_SHARED_MTBL FL_USER3
 
+static inline st_table *
+RCLASS_IV_HASH(VALUE obj)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_CLASS) || RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_MODULE));
+    RUBY_ASSERT(rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj));
+    return (st_table *)RCLASS_IVPTR(obj);
+}
+
+static inline void
+RCLASS_SET_IV_HASH(VALUE obj, const st_table *tbl)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_CLASS) || RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_MODULE));
+    RUBY_ASSERT(rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj));
+    RCLASS_IVPTR(obj) = (VALUE *)tbl;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t
+RCLASS_IV_COUNT(VALUE obj)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_CLASS) || RB_TYPE_P(obj, RUBY_T_MODULE));
+    if (rb_shape_obj_too_complex(obj)) {
+        uint32_t count;
+
+        // "Too complex" classes could have their IV hash mutated in
+        // parallel, so lets lock around getting the hash size.
+        RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER();
+        {
+            count = (uint32_t)rb_st_table_size(RCLASS_IV_HASH(obj));
+        }
+        RB_VM_LOCK_LEAVE();
+
+        return count;
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_shape_get_shape_by_id(RCLASS_SHAPE_ID(obj))->next_iv_index;
+    }
+}
+
+static inline void
+RCLASS_SET_M_TBL(VALUE klass, struct rb_id_table *table)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(!RB_OBJ_PROMOTED(klass));
+    RCLASS_M_TBL(klass) = table;
+}
+
 /* class.c */
 void rb_class_subclass_add(VALUE super, VALUE klass);
 void rb_class_remove_from_super_subclasses(VALUE);
@@ -145,6 +175,7 @@ void rb_class_foreach_subclass(VALUE klass, void (*f)(VALUE, VALUE), VALUE);
 void rb_class_detach_subclasses(VALUE);
 void rb_class_detach_module_subclasses(VALUE);
 void rb_class_remove_from_module_subclasses(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_define_class_id_under_no_pin(VALUE outer, ID id, VALUE super);
 VALUE rb_obj_methods(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_obj_protected_methods(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_obj_private_methods(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE obj);
@@ -161,10 +192,24 @@ static inline VALUE RCLASS_SUPER(VALUE klass);
 static inline VALUE RCLASS_SET_SUPER(VALUE klass, VALUE super);
 static inline void RCLASS_SET_INCLUDER(VALUE iclass, VALUE klass);
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_class_inherited(VALUE, VALUE);
 VALUE rb_keyword_error_new(const char *, VALUE);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+static inline rb_alloc_func_t
+RCLASS_ALLOCATOR(VALUE klass)
+{
+    if (FL_TEST_RAW(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return RCLASS_EXT(klass)->as.class.allocator;
+}
+
+static inline void
+RCLASS_SET_ALLOCATOR(VALUE klass, rb_alloc_func_t allocator)
+{
+    assert(!FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON));
+    RCLASS_EXT(klass)->as.class.allocator = allocator;
+}
 
 static inline void
 RCLASS_SET_ORIGIN(VALUE klass, VALUE origin)
@@ -209,4 +254,24 @@ RCLASS_SET_SUPER(VALUE klass, VALUE super)
     return super;
 }
 
+static inline void
+RCLASS_SET_CLASSPATH(VALUE klass, VALUE classpath, bool permanent)
+{
+    assert(BUILTIN_TYPE(klass) == T_CLASS || BUILTIN_TYPE(klass) == T_MODULE);
+    assert(classpath == 0 || BUILTIN_TYPE(classpath) == T_STRING);
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(klass, &(RCLASS_EXT(klass)->classpath), classpath);
+    RCLASS_EXT(klass)->permanent_classpath = permanent;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE
+RCLASS_SET_ATTACHED_OBJECT(VALUE klass, VALUE attached_object)
+{
+    assert(BUILTIN_TYPE(klass) == T_CLASS);
+    assert(FL_TEST_RAW(klass, FL_SINGLETON));
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(klass, &RCLASS_EXT(klass)->as.singleton_class.attached_object, attached_object);
+    return attached_object;
+}
+
 #endif /* INTERNAL_CLASS_H */
diff --git a/internal/cmdlineopt.h b/internal/cmdlineopt.h
index 71568a8745..e79b993345 100644
--- a/internal/cmdlineopt.h
+++ b/internal/cmdlineopt.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef INTERNAL_CMDLINEOPT_H                               /*-*-C-*-vi:se ft=c:*/
 #define INTERNAL_CMDLINEOPT_H
 
-#include "mjit.h"
+#include "rjit.h"
 #include "yjit.h"
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -23,11 +23,15 @@ typedef struct ruby_cmdline_options {
     ruby_features_t features;
     ruby_features_t warn;
     unsigned int dump;
-#if USE_MJIT
-    struct mjit_options mjit;
+    long backtrace_length_limit;
+#if USE_RJIT
+    struct rb_rjit_options rjit;
 #endif
 
-    int sflag, xflag;
+    const char *crash_report;
+
+    signed int sflag: 2;
+    unsigned int xflag: 1;
     unsigned int warning: 1;
     unsigned int verbose: 1;
     unsigned int do_loop: 1;
@@ -36,6 +40,9 @@ typedef struct ruby_cmdline_options {
     unsigned int do_split: 1;
     unsigned int do_search: 1;
     unsigned int setids: 2;
+#if USE_YJIT
+    unsigned int yjit: 1;
+#endif
 } ruby_cmdline_options_t;
 
 struct ruby_opt_message {
diff --git a/internal/compar.h b/internal/compar.h
index 5e336adafa..9115e4bd63 100644
--- a/internal/compar.h
+++ b/internal/compar.h
@@ -8,38 +8,18 @@
  *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
  * @brief      Internal header for Comparable.
  */
-#include "internal/vm.h"        /* for rb_method_basic_definition_p */
+#include "internal/basic_operators.h"
 
 #define STRING_P(s) (RB_TYPE_P((s), T_STRING) && CLASS_OF(s) == rb_cString)
 
-enum {
-    cmp_opt_Integer,
-    cmp_opt_String,
-    cmp_opt_Float,
-    cmp_optimizable_count
-};
+#define CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(type) BASIC_OP_UNREDEFINED_P(BOP_CMP, type##_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG)
 
-struct cmp_opt_data {
-    unsigned int opt_methods;
-    unsigned int opt_inited;
-};
-
-#define NEW_CMP_OPT_MEMO(type, value) \
-    NEW_PARTIAL_MEMO_FOR(type, value, cmp_opt)
-#define CMP_OPTIMIZABLE_BIT(type) (1U << TOKEN_PASTE(cmp_opt_,type))
-#define CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data, type) \
-    (((data).opt_inited & CMP_OPTIMIZABLE_BIT(type)) ? \
-     ((data).opt_methods & CMP_OPTIMIZABLE_BIT(type)) : \
-     (((data).opt_inited |= CMP_OPTIMIZABLE_BIT(type)), \
-      rb_method_basic_definition_p(TOKEN_PASTE(rb_c,type), id_cmp) && \
-      ((data).opt_methods |= CMP_OPTIMIZABLE_BIT(type))))
-
-#define OPTIMIZED_CMP(a, b, data) \
-    ((FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data, Integer)) ? \
+#define OPTIMIZED_CMP(a, b) \
+    ((FIXNUM_P(a) && FIXNUM_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(INTEGER)) ? \
      (((long)a > (long)b) ? 1 : ((long)a < (long)b) ? -1 : 0) : \
-     (STRING_P(a) && STRING_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data, String)) ? \
+     (STRING_P(a) && STRING_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(STRING)) ? \
      rb_str_cmp(a, b) : \
-     (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a) && RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(data, Float)) ? \
+     (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(a) && RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(b) && CMP_OPTIMIZABLE(FLOAT)) ? \
      rb_float_cmp(a, b) : \
      rb_cmpint(rb_funcallv(a, id_cmp, 1, &b), a, b))
 
diff --git a/internal/compile.h b/internal/compile.h
index d32c2233c9..2ece5396f6 100644
--- a/internal/compile.h
+++ b/internal/compile.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ struct rb_iseq_struct;          /* in vm_core.h */
 /* compile.c */
 int rb_dvar_defined(ID, const struct rb_iseq_struct *);
 int rb_local_defined(ID, const struct rb_iseq_struct *);
+int rb_insn_len(VALUE insn);
 const char *rb_insns_name(int i);
 VALUE rb_insns_name_array(void);
 int rb_iseq_cdhash_cmp(VALUE val, VALUE lit);
@@ -27,9 +28,7 @@ int rb_vm_insn_addr2insn(const void *);
 int rb_vm_insn_decode(const VALUE encoded);
 extern bool ruby_vm_keep_script_lines;
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 /* iseq.c (export) */
 rb_event_flag_t rb_iseq_event_flags(const struct rb_iseq_struct *iseq, size_t pos);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_COMPILE_H */
diff --git a/internal/cont.h b/internal/cont.h
index abffc97104..3c2528a02a 100644
--- a/internal/cont.h
+++ b/internal/cont.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
  * @brief      Internal header for Fiber.
  */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
+#include "iseq.h"
 
 struct rb_thread_struct;        /* in vm_core.h */
 struct rb_fiber_struct;         /* in cont.c */
@@ -17,7 +18,15 @@ struct rb_execution_context_struct; /* in vm_core.c */
 /* cont.c */
 void rb_fiber_reset_root_local_storage(struct rb_thread_struct *);
 void ruby_register_rollback_func_for_ensure(VALUE (*ensure_func)(VALUE), VALUE (*rollback_func)(VALUE));
-void rb_fiber_init_mjit_cont(struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber);
+void rb_jit_cont_init(void);
+void rb_jit_cont_each_iseq(rb_iseq_callback callback, void *data);
+void rb_jit_cont_finish(void);
+
+/* vm.c */
+void rb_free_shared_fiber_pool(void);
+
+// Copy locals from the current execution to the specified fiber.
+VALUE rb_fiber_inherit_storage(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber);
 
 VALUE rb_fiberptr_self(struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber);
 unsigned int rb_fiberptr_blocking(struct rb_fiber_struct *fiber);
diff --git a/internal/encoding.h b/internal/encoding.h
index c48cb24b04..11ffa6d83d 100644
--- a/internal/encoding.h
+++ b/internal/encoding.h
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 #include "ruby/encoding.h"      /* for rb_encoding */
 
 #define rb_enc_autoload_p(enc) (!rb_enc_mbmaxlen(enc))
+#define rb_is_usascii_enc(enc) ((enc) == rb_usascii_encoding())
+#define rb_is_ascii8bit_enc(enc) ((enc) == rb_ascii8bit_encoding())
+#define rb_is_locale_enc(enc) ((enc) == rb_locale_encoding())
 
 /* encoding.c */
 ID rb_id_encoding(void);
@@ -24,7 +27,9 @@ int rb_encdb_dummy(const char *name);
 void rb_encdb_declare(const char *name);
 void rb_enc_set_base(const char *name, const char *orig);
 int rb_enc_set_dummy(int index);
-void rb_encdb_set_unicode(int index);
 PUREFUNC(int rb_data_is_encoding(VALUE obj));
 
+/* vm.c */
+void rb_free_global_enc_table(void);
+
 #endif /* INTERNAL_ENCODING_H */
diff --git a/internal/error.h b/internal/error.h
index 11601858f4..7e41f134d7 100644
--- a/internal/error.h
+++ b/internal/error.h
@@ -29,15 +29,37 @@
 #define rb_raise_static(e, m) \
     rb_raise_cstr_i((e), rb_str_new_static((m), rb_strlen_lit(m)))
 #ifdef RUBY_FUNCTION_NAME_STRING
-# define rb_sys_fail_path(path) rb_sys_fail_path_in(RUBY_FUNCTION_NAME_STRING, path)
 # define rb_syserr_fail_path(err, path) rb_syserr_fail_path_in(RUBY_FUNCTION_NAME_STRING, (err), (path))
 # define rb_syserr_new_path(err, path) rb_syserr_new_path_in(RUBY_FUNCTION_NAME_STRING, (err), (path))
 #else
-# define rb_sys_fail_path(path) rb_sys_fail_str(path)
 # define rb_syserr_fail_path(err, path) rb_syserr_fail_str((err), (path))
 # define rb_syserr_new_path(err, path) rb_syserr_new_str((err), (path))
 #endif
 
+#define rb_sys_fail(mesg) \
+do { \
+    int errno_to_fail = errno; \
+    rb_syserr_fail(errno_to_fail, (mesg)); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define rb_sys_fail_str(mesg) \
+do { \
+    int errno_to_fail = errno; \
+    rb_syserr_fail_str(errno_to_fail, (mesg)); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define rb_sys_fail_path(path) \
+do { \
+    int errno_to_fail = errno; \
+    rb_syserr_fail_path(errno_to_fail, (path)); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define rb_sys_fail_sprintf(...) \
+do { \
+    int errno_to_fail = errno; \
+    rb_syserr_fail_str(errno_to_fail, rb_sprintf("" __VA_ARGS__)); \
+} while (0)
+
 /* error.c */
 extern long rb_backtrace_length_limit;
 extern VALUE rb_eEAGAIN;
@@ -147,6 +169,9 @@ VALUE rb_syserr_new_path_in(const char *func_name, int n, VALUE path);
 #endif
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
+/* vm.c */
+void rb_free_warning(void);
+
 static inline void
 rb_raise_cstr_i(VALUE etype, VALUE mesg)
 {
diff --git a/internal/gc.h b/internal/gc.h
index 84b7f9fa3e..34a6043e8a 100644
--- a/internal/gc.h
+++ b/internal/gc.h
@@ -14,6 +14,116 @@
 
 #include "internal/compilers.h" /* for __has_attribute */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for rb_event_flag_t */
+#include "vm_core.h"            /* for GET_EC() */
+
+#if defined(__x86_64__) && !defined(_ILP32) && defined(__GNUC__)
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("movq\t%%rsp, %0" : "=r" (*(p)))
+#elif defined(__i386) && defined(__GNUC__)
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("movl\t%%esp, %0" : "=r" (*(p)))
+#elif (defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(_AIX) && !defined(__APPLE__) // Not Apple is NEEDED to unbreak ppc64 build on Darwin. Don't ask.
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("mr\t%0, %%r1" : "=r" (*(p)))
+#elif (defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && defined(_AIX)
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("mr %0,1" : "=r" (*(p)))
+#elif defined(__POWERPC__) && defined(__APPLE__) // Darwin ppc and ppc64
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ volatile("mr %0, r1" : "=r" (*(p)))
+#elif defined(__aarch64__) && defined(__GNUC__)
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) __asm__ __volatile__ ("mov\t%0, sp" : "=r" (*(p)))
+#else
+NOINLINE(void rb_gc_set_stack_end(VALUE **stack_end_p));
+#define SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(p) rb_gc_set_stack_end(p)
+#define USE_CONSERVATIVE_STACK_END
+#endif
+
+/* for GC debug */
+
+#ifndef RUBY_MARK_FREE_DEBUG
+#define RUBY_MARK_FREE_DEBUG 0
+#endif
+
+#if RUBY_MARK_FREE_DEBUG
+extern int ruby_gc_debug_indent;
+
+static inline void
+rb_gc_debug_indent(void)
+{
+    ruby_debug_printf("%*s", ruby_gc_debug_indent, "");
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_gc_debug_body(const char *mode, const char *msg, int st, void *ptr)
+{
+    if (st == 0) {
+        ruby_gc_debug_indent--;
+    }
+    rb_gc_debug_indent();
+    ruby_debug_printf("%s: %s %s (%p)\n", mode, st ? "->" : "<-", msg, ptr);
+
+    if (st) {
+        ruby_gc_debug_indent++;
+    }
+
+    fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+#define RUBY_MARK_ENTER(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("mark", (msg), 1, ptr)
+#define RUBY_MARK_LEAVE(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("mark", (msg), 0, ptr)
+#define RUBY_FREE_ENTER(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("free", (msg), 1, ptr)
+#define RUBY_FREE_LEAVE(msg) rb_gc_debug_body("free", (msg), 0, ptr)
+#define RUBY_GC_INFO         rb_gc_debug_indent(), ruby_debug_printf
+
+#else
+#define RUBY_MARK_ENTER(msg)
+#define RUBY_MARK_LEAVE(msg)
+#define RUBY_FREE_ENTER(msg)
+#define RUBY_FREE_LEAVE(msg)
+#define RUBY_GC_INFO if(0)printf
+#endif
+
+#define RUBY_MARK_MOVABLE_UNLESS_NULL(ptr) do { \
+    VALUE markobj = (ptr); \
+    if (RTEST(markobj)) {rb_gc_mark_movable(markobj);} \
+} while (0)
+#define RUBY_MARK_UNLESS_NULL(ptr) do { \
+    VALUE markobj = (ptr); \
+    if (RTEST(markobj)) {rb_gc_mark(markobj);} \
+} while (0)
+#define RUBY_FREE_UNLESS_NULL(ptr) if(ptr){ruby_xfree(ptr);(ptr)=NULL;}
+
+#if STACK_GROW_DIRECTION > 0
+# define STACK_UPPER(x, a, b) (a)
+#elif STACK_GROW_DIRECTION < 0
+# define STACK_UPPER(x, a, b) (b)
+#else
+RUBY_EXTERN int ruby_stack_grow_direction;
+int ruby_get_stack_grow_direction(volatile VALUE *addr);
+# define stack_growup_p(x) (			\
+        (ruby_stack_grow_direction ?		\
+         ruby_stack_grow_direction :		\
+         ruby_get_stack_grow_direction(x)) > 0)
+# define STACK_UPPER(x, a, b) (stack_growup_p(x) ? (a) : (b))
+#endif
+
+/*
+  STACK_GROW_DIR_DETECTION is used with STACK_DIR_UPPER.
+
+  On most normal systems, stacks grow from high address to lower address. In
+  this case, STACK_DIR_UPPER(a, b) will return (b), but on exotic systems where
+  the stack grows UP (from low address to high address), it will return (a).
+*/
+
+#if STACK_GROW_DIRECTION
+#define STACK_GROW_DIR_DETECTION
+#define STACK_DIR_UPPER(a,b) STACK_UPPER(0, (a), (b))
+#else
+#define STACK_GROW_DIR_DETECTION VALUE stack_grow_dir_detection
+#define STACK_DIR_UPPER(a,b) STACK_UPPER(&stack_grow_dir_detection, (a), (b))
+#endif
+#define IS_STACK_DIR_UPPER() STACK_DIR_UPPER(1,0)
+
+const char *rb_obj_info(VALUE obj);
+const char *rb_raw_obj_info(char *const buff, const size_t buff_size, VALUE obj);
+
+size_t rb_size_pool_slot_size(unsigned char pool_id);
 
 struct rb_execution_context_struct; /* in vm_core.h */
 struct rb_objspace; /* in vm_core.h */
@@ -21,28 +131,22 @@ struct rb_objspace; /* in vm_core.h */
 #ifdef NEWOBJ_OF
 # undef NEWOBJ_OF
 # undef RB_NEWOBJ_OF
-# undef RB_OBJ_WRITE
 #endif
 
-#define RVALUE_SIZE (sizeof(struct RBasic) + sizeof(VALUE[RBIMPL_RVALUE_EMBED_LEN_MAX]))
-
-#define RB_RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(var, T, c, f, s) \
-  T *(var) = (T *)(((f) & FL_WB_PROTECTED) ? \
-                   rb_wb_protected_newobj_of((c), (f) & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, s) : \
-                   rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of((c), (f), s))
+#define NEWOBJ_OF_0(var, T, c, f, s, ec) \
+    T *(var) = (T *)(((f) & FL_WB_PROTECTED) ? \
+            rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(GET_EC(), (c), (f) & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, s) : \
+            rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of((c), (f), s))
+#define NEWOBJ_OF_ec(var, T, c, f, s, ec) \
+    T *(var) = (T *)(((f) & FL_WB_PROTECTED) ? \
+            rb_wb_protected_newobj_of((ec), (c), (f) & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, s) : \
+            rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of((c), (f), s))
 
-#define RB_RVARGC_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, var, T, c, f, s) \
-  T *(var) = (T *)(((f) & FL_WB_PROTECTED) ? \
-                   rb_ec_wb_protected_newobj_of((ec), (c), (f) & ~FL_WB_PROTECTED, s) : \
-                   rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of((c), (f), s))
+#define NEWOBJ_OF(var, T, c, f, s, ec) \
+        NEWOBJ_OF_HELPER(ec)(var, T, c, f, s, ec)
 
-/* optimized version of NEWOBJ() */
-#define RB_NEWOBJ_OF(var, T, c, f) RB_RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(var, T, c, f, RVALUE_SIZE)
+#define NEWOBJ_OF_HELPER(ec) NEWOBJ_OF_ ## ec
 
-#define RB_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, var, T, c, f) RB_RVARGC_EC_NEWOBJ_OF(ec, var, T, c, f, RVALUE_SIZE)
-
-#define NEWOBJ_OF(var, T, c, f) RB_NEWOBJ_OF((var), T, (c), (f))
-#define RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF(var, T, c, f, s) RB_RVARGC_NEWOBJ_OF((var), T, (c), (f), (s))
 #define RB_OBJ_GC_FLAGS_MAX 6   /* used in ext/objspace */
 
 #ifndef USE_UNALIGNED_MEMBER_ACCESS
@@ -60,19 +164,42 @@ struct rb_objspace; /* in vm_core.h */
     COMPILER_WARNING_POP; \
     unaligned_member_access_result; \
 })
+
+# define UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(ptr, mem) __extension__({ \
+    COMPILER_WARNING_PUSH; \
+    COMPILER_WARNING_IGNORED(-Waddress-of-packed-member); \
+    const volatile void *unaligned_member_ptr_result = &(ptr)->mem; \
+    COMPILER_WARNING_POP; \
+    (__typeof__((ptr)->mem) *)unaligned_member_ptr_result; \
+})
 #endif
 
-#define UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(ptr, mem) UNALIGNED_MEMBER_ACCESS(&(ptr)->mem)
-#define RB_OBJ_WRITE(a, slot, b) \
-    rb_obj_write((VALUE)(a), UNALIGNED_MEMBER_ACCESS((VALUE *)(slot)), \
-                 (VALUE)(b), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#ifndef UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR
+# define UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(ptr, mem) UNALIGNED_MEMBER_ACCESS(&(ptr)->mem)
+#endif
+
+#define RB_OBJ_WRITE_UNALIGNED(old, slot, young) do { \
+    VALUE *_slot = UNALIGNED_MEMBER_ACCESS(slot); \
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(old, _slot, young); \
+} while (0)
 
-#if USE_RVARGC
+// We use SIZE_POOL_COUNT number of shape IDs for transitions out of different size pools
+// The next available shape ID will be the SPECIAL_CONST_SHAPE_ID
+#ifndef SIZE_POOL_COUNT
 # define SIZE_POOL_COUNT 5
-#else
-# define SIZE_POOL_COUNT 1
 #endif
 
+/* Used in places that could malloc during, which can cause the GC to run. We
+ * need to temporarily disable the GC to allow the malloc to happen.
+ * Allocating memory during GC is a bad idea, so use this only when absolutely
+ * necessary. */
+#define DURING_GC_COULD_MALLOC_REGION_START() \
+    assert(rb_during_gc()); \
+    VALUE _already_disabled = rb_gc_disable_no_rest()
+
+#define DURING_GC_COULD_MALLOC_REGION_END() \
+    if (_already_disabled == Qfalse) rb_gc_enable()
+
 typedef struct ractor_newobj_size_pool_cache {
     struct RVALUE *freelist;
     struct heap_page *using_page;
@@ -88,6 +215,7 @@ extern VALUE *ruby_initial_gc_stress_ptr;
 extern int ruby_disable_gc;
 RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC void *ruby_mimmalloc(size_t size);
 void ruby_mimfree(void *ptr);
+void rb_gc_prepare_heap(void);
 void rb_objspace_set_event_hook(const rb_event_flag_t event);
 VALUE rb_objspace_gc_enable(struct rb_objspace *);
 VALUE rb_objspace_gc_disable(struct rb_objspace *);
@@ -99,6 +227,7 @@ __attribute__((__alloc_align__(1)))
 RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC void *rb_aligned_malloc(size_t, size_t) RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2));
 size_t rb_size_mul_or_raise(size_t, size_t, VALUE); /* used in compile.c */
 size_t rb_size_mul_add_or_raise(size_t, size_t, size_t, VALUE); /* used in iseq.h */
+size_t rb_malloc_grow_capa(size_t current_capacity, size_t type_size);
 RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC void *rb_xmalloc_mul_add(size_t, size_t, size_t);
 RUBY_ATTR_MALLOC void *rb_xcalloc_mul_add(size_t, size_t, size_t);
 void *rb_xrealloc_mul_add(const void *, size_t, size_t, size_t);
@@ -112,28 +241,63 @@ void rb_gc_ractor_newobj_cache_clear(rb_ractor_newobj_cache_t *newobj_cache);
 size_t rb_gc_obj_slot_size(VALUE obj);
 bool rb_gc_size_allocatable_p(size_t size);
 int rb_objspace_garbage_object_p(VALUE obj);
+bool rb_gc_is_ptr_to_obj(void *ptr);
+VALUE rb_gc_id2ref_obj_tbl(VALUE objid);
+VALUE rb_define_finalizer_no_check(VALUE obj, VALUE block);
+
+void rb_gc_mark_and_move(VALUE *ptr);
+
+void rb_gc_mark_weak(VALUE *ptr);
+void rb_gc_remove_weak(VALUE parent_obj, VALUE *ptr);
+
+void rb_gc_ref_update_table_values_only(st_table *tbl);
+
+#define rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(ptr) do { \
+    VALUE _obj = (VALUE)*(ptr); \
+    rb_gc_mark_and_move(&_obj); \
+    if (_obj != (VALUE)*(ptr)) *(ptr) = (void *)_obj; \
+} while (0)
 
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+/* exports for objspace module */
+size_t rb_objspace_data_type_memsize(VALUE obj);
+void rb_objspace_reachable_objects_from(VALUE obj, void (func)(VALUE, void *), void *data);
+void rb_objspace_reachable_objects_from_root(void (func)(const char *category, VALUE, void *), void *data);
+int rb_objspace_markable_object_p(VALUE obj);
+int rb_objspace_internal_object_p(VALUE obj);
+int rb_objspace_marked_object_p(VALUE obj);
+
+void rb_objspace_each_objects(
+    int (*callback)(void *start, void *end, size_t stride, void *data),
+    void *data);
+
+void rb_objspace_each_objects_without_setup(
+    int (*callback)(void *, void *, size_t, void *),
+    void *data);
+
+size_t rb_gc_obj_slot_size(VALUE obj);
+
+VALUE rb_gc_disable_no_rest(void);
+
+
 /* gc.c (export) */
 const char *rb_objspace_data_type_name(VALUE obj);
-VALUE rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(VALUE, VALUE, size_t);
+VALUE rb_wb_protected_newobj_of(struct rb_execution_context_struct *, VALUE, VALUE, size_t);
 VALUE rb_wb_unprotected_newobj_of(VALUE, VALUE, size_t);
-VALUE rb_ec_wb_protected_newobj_of(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, VALUE klass, VALUE flags, size_t);
 size_t rb_obj_memsize_of(VALUE);
 void rb_gc_verify_internal_consistency(void);
 size_t rb_obj_gc_flags(VALUE, ID[], size_t);
 void rb_gc_mark_values(long n, const VALUE *values);
 void rb_gc_mark_vm_stack_values(long n, const VALUE *values);
+void rb_gc_update_values(long n, VALUE *values);
 void *ruby_sized_xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t new_size, size_t old_size) RUBY_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2));
 void *ruby_sized_xrealloc2(void *ptr, size_t new_count, size_t element_size, size_t old_count) RUBY_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL RUBY_ATTR_ALLOC_SIZE((2, 3));
 void ruby_sized_xfree(void *x, size_t size);
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 int rb_ec_stack_check(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec);
 void rb_gc_writebarrier_remember(VALUE obj);
 const char *rb_obj_info(VALUE obj);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #if defined(HAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE) || defined(HAVE_MALLOC_SIZE) || defined(_WIN32)
 
@@ -157,6 +321,12 @@ ruby_sized_xfree_inlined(void *ptr, size_t size)
 
 # define SIZED_REALLOC_N(x, y, z, w) REALLOC_N(x, y, z)
 
+static inline void *
+ruby_sized_realloc_n(void *ptr, size_t new_count, size_t element_size, size_t old_count)
+{
+    return ruby_xrealloc2(ptr, new_count, element_size);
+}
+
 #else
 
 static inline void *
@@ -180,6 +350,12 @@ ruby_sized_xfree_inlined(void *ptr, size_t size)
 # define SIZED_REALLOC_N(v, T, m, n) \
     ((v) = (T *)ruby_sized_xrealloc2((void *)(v), (m), sizeof(T), (n)))
 
+static inline void *
+ruby_sized_realloc_n(void *ptr, size_t new_count, size_t element_size, size_t old_count)
+{
+    return ruby_sized_xrealloc2(ptr, new_count, element_size, old_count);
+}
+
 #endif /* HAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE */
 
 #define ruby_sized_xrealloc ruby_sized_xrealloc_inlined
diff --git a/internal/hash.h b/internal/hash.h
index 657e5eff3c..fe859cb716 100644
--- a/internal/hash.h
+++ b/internal/hash.h
@@ -28,10 +28,6 @@ enum ruby_rhash_flags {
     RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_MASK = (FL_USER8|FL_USER9|FL_USER10|FL_USER11), /* FL 8..11 */
     RHASH_AR_TABLE_BOUND_SHIFT = (FL_USHIFT+8),
 
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    RHASH_TRANSIENT_FLAG = FL_USER12,                                    /* FL 12 */
-#endif
-
     // we can not put it in "enum" because it can exceed "int" range.
 #define RHASH_LEV_MASK (FL_USER13 | FL_USER14 | FL_USER15 |                /* FL 13..19 */ \
                         FL_USER16 | FL_USER17 | FL_USER18 | FL_USER19)
@@ -40,17 +36,23 @@ enum ruby_rhash_flags {
     RHASH_LEV_MAX = 127, /* 7 bits */
 };
 
-struct RHash {
-    struct RBasic basic;
-    union {
-        st_table *st;
-        struct ar_table_struct *ar; /* possibly 0 */
-    } as;
-    const VALUE ifnone;
+typedef struct ar_table_pair_struct {
+    VALUE key;
+    VALUE val;
+} ar_table_pair;
+
+typedef struct ar_table_struct {
     union {
         ar_hint_t ary[RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE];
         VALUE word;
     } ar_hint;
+    /* 64bit CPU: 8B * 2 * 8 = 128B */
+    ar_table_pair pairs[RHASH_AR_TABLE_MAX_SIZE];
+} ar_table;
+
+struct RHash {
+    struct RBasic basic;
+    const VALUE ifnone;
 };
 
 #define RHASH(obj) ((struct RHash *)(obj))
@@ -73,6 +75,8 @@ VALUE rb_hash_default_value(VALUE hash, VALUE key);
 VALUE rb_hash_set_default_proc(VALUE hash, VALUE proc);
 long rb_dbl_long_hash(double d);
 st_table *rb_init_identtable(void);
+st_index_t rb_any_hash(VALUE a);
+int rb_any_cmp(VALUE a, VALUE b);
 VALUE rb_to_hash_type(VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_hash_key_str(VALUE);
 VALUE rb_hash_values(VALUE hash);
@@ -82,8 +86,8 @@ VALUE rb_hash_set_pair(VALUE hash, VALUE pair);
 int rb_hash_stlike_delete(VALUE hash, st_data_t *pkey, st_data_t *pval);
 int rb_hash_stlike_foreach_with_replace(VALUE hash, st_foreach_check_callback_func *func, st_update_callback_func *replace, st_data_t arg);
 int rb_hash_stlike_update(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_update_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg);
-extern st_table *rb_hash_st_table(VALUE hash);
 VALUE rb_ident_hash_new_with_size(st_index_t size);
+void rb_hash_free(VALUE hash);
 
 static inline unsigned RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_RAW(VALUE h);
 static inline VALUE RHASH_IFNONE(VALUE h);
@@ -95,9 +99,6 @@ static inline struct ar_table_struct *RHASH_AR_TABLE(VALUE h);
 static inline st_table *RHASH_ST_TABLE(VALUE h);
 static inline size_t RHASH_ST_SIZE(VALUE h);
 static inline void RHASH_ST_CLEAR(VALUE h);
-static inline bool RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE h);
-static inline void RHASH_SET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(VALUE h);
-static inline void RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(VALUE h);
 
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 /* hash.c (export) */
@@ -106,7 +107,6 @@ VALUE rb_ident_hash_new(void);
 int rb_hash_stlike_foreach(VALUE hash, st_foreach_callback_func *func, st_data_t arg);
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_hash_new_with_size(st_index_t size);
 VALUE rb_hash_resurrect(VALUE hash);
 int rb_hash_stlike_lookup(VALUE hash, st_data_t key, st_data_t *pval);
@@ -116,54 +116,29 @@ VALUE rb_hash_compare_by_id_p(VALUE hash);
 
 st_table *rb_hash_tbl_raw(VALUE hash, const char *file, int line);
 #define RHASH_TBL_RAW(h) rb_hash_tbl_raw(h, __FILE__, __LINE__)
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 VALUE rb_hash_compare_by_id(VALUE hash);
 
-#if 0 /* for debug */
-
-static inline bool
-RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(VALUE h)
-{
-    extern int rb_hash_ar_table_p(VALUE hash);
-    return rb_hash_ar_table_p(h)
-}
-
-static inline struct ar_table_struct *
-RHASH_AR_TABLE(VALUE h)
-{
-    extern struct ar_table_struct *rb_hash_ar_table(VALUE hash);
-    return rb_hash_ar_table(h)
-}
-
-static inline st_table *
-RHASH_ST_TABLE(VALUE h)
-{
-    return rb_hash_st_table(h)
-}
-
-#else
-
 static inline bool
 RHASH_AR_TABLE_P(VALUE h)
 {
     return ! FL_TEST_RAW(h, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG);
 }
 
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
 static inline struct ar_table_struct *
 RHASH_AR_TABLE(VALUE h)
 {
-    return RHASH(h)->as.ar;
+    return (struct ar_table_struct *)((uintptr_t)h + sizeof(struct RHash));
 }
 
+RBIMPL_ATTR_RETURNS_NONNULL()
 static inline st_table *
 RHASH_ST_TABLE(VALUE h)
 {
-    return RHASH(h)->as.st;
+    return (st_table *)((uintptr_t)h + sizeof(struct RHash));
 }
 
-#endif
-
 static inline VALUE
 RHASH_IFNONE(VALUE h)
 {
@@ -202,8 +177,7 @@ RHASH_ST_SIZE(VALUE h)
 static inline void
 RHASH_ST_CLEAR(VALUE h)
 {
-    FL_UNSET_RAW(h, RHASH_ST_TABLE_FLAG);
-    RHASH(h)->as.ar = NULL;
+    memset(RHASH_ST_TABLE(h), 0, sizeof(st_table));
 }
 
 static inline unsigned
@@ -214,30 +188,4 @@ RHASH_AR_TABLE_SIZE_RAW(VALUE h)
     return (unsigned)ret;
 }
 
-static inline bool
-RHASH_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE h)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    return FL_TEST_RAW(h, RHASH_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-RHASH_SET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(VALUE h)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_SET_RAW(h, RHASH_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-RHASH_UNSET_TRANSIENT_FLAG(VALUE h)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_UNSET_RAW(h, RHASH_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
 #endif /* INTERNAL_HASH_H */
diff --git a/internal/imemo.h b/internal/imemo.h
index 91b524e0a6..65335285ab 100644
--- a/internal/imemo.h
+++ b/internal/imemo.h
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "ruby/internal/config.h"
 #include <stddef.h>             /* for size_t */
 #include "internal/array.h"     /* for rb_ary_hidden_new_fill */
-#include "internal/gc.h"        /* for RB_OBJ_WRITE */
 #include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"     /* for bool */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for rb_block_call_func_t */
 
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ struct vm_ifunc_argc {
 /*! IFUNC (Internal FUNCtion) */
 struct vm_ifunc {
     VALUE flags;
-    VALUE reserved;
+    VALUE *svar_lep;
     rb_block_call_func_t func;
     const void *data;
     struct vm_ifunc_argc argc;
@@ -130,7 +129,6 @@ struct MEMO {
 typedef struct rb_imemo_tmpbuf_struct rb_imemo_tmpbuf_t;
 rb_imemo_tmpbuf_t *rb_imemo_tmpbuf_parser_heap(void *buf, rb_imemo_tmpbuf_t *old_heap, size_t cnt);
 struct vm_ifunc *rb_vm_ifunc_new(rb_block_call_func_t func, const void *data, int min_argc, int max_argc);
-void rb_strterm_mark(VALUE obj);
 static inline enum imemo_type imemo_type(VALUE imemo);
 static inline int imemo_type_p(VALUE imemo, enum imemo_type imemo_type);
 static inline bool imemo_throw_data_p(VALUE imemo);
diff --git a/internal/io.h b/internal/io.h
index b5f15499d7..f16d9efc9c 100644
--- a/internal/io.h
+++ b/internal/io.h
@@ -9,8 +9,107 @@
  * @brief      Internal header for IO.
  */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
+
+#define HAVE_RB_IO_T
+struct rb_io;
+
 #include "ruby/io.h"            /* for rb_io_t */
 
+/** Ruby's IO, metadata and buffers. */
+struct rb_io {
+
+    /** The IO's Ruby level counterpart. */
+    VALUE self;
+
+    /** stdio ptr for read/write, if available. */
+    FILE *stdio_file;
+
+    /** file descriptor. */
+    int fd;
+
+    /** mode flags: FMODE_XXXs */
+    int mode;
+
+    /** child's pid (for pipes) */
+    rb_pid_t pid;
+
+    /** number of lines read */
+    int lineno;
+
+    /** pathname for file */
+    VALUE pathv;
+
+    /** finalize proc */
+    void (*finalize)(struct rb_io*,int);
+
+    /** Write buffer. */
+    rb_io_buffer_t wbuf;
+
+    /**
+     * (Byte)  read   buffer.   Note  also   that  there  is  a   field  called
+     * ::rb_io_t::cbuf, which also concerns read IO.
+     */
+    rb_io_buffer_t rbuf;
+
+    /**
+     * Duplex IO object, if set.
+     *
+     * @see rb_io_set_write_io()
+     */
+    VALUE tied_io_for_writing;
+
+    struct rb_io_encoding encs; /**< Decomposed encoding flags. */
+
+    /** Encoding converter used when reading from this IO. */
+    rb_econv_t *readconv;
+
+    /**
+     * rb_io_ungetc()  destination.   This  buffer   is  read  before  checking
+     * ::rb_io_t::rbuf
+     */
+    rb_io_buffer_t cbuf;
+
+    /** Encoding converter used when writing to this IO. */
+    rb_econv_t *writeconv;
+
+    /**
+     * This is, when set, an instance  of ::rb_cString which holds the "common"
+     * encoding.   Write  conversion  can  convert strings  twice...   In  case
+     * conversion from encoding  X to encoding Y does not  exist, Ruby finds an
+     * encoding Z that bridges the two, so that X to Z to Y conversion happens.
+     */
+    VALUE writeconv_asciicompat;
+
+    /** Whether ::rb_io_t::writeconv is already set up. */
+    int writeconv_initialized;
+
+    /**
+     * Value   of    ::rb_io_t::rb_io_enc_t::ecflags   stored    right   before
+     * initialising ::rb_io_t::writeconv.
+     */
+    int writeconv_pre_ecflags;
+
+    /**
+     * Value of ::rb_io_t::rb_io_enc_t::ecopts stored right before initialising
+     * ::rb_io_t::writeconv.
+     */
+    VALUE writeconv_pre_ecopts;
+
+    /**
+     * This is a Ruby  level mutex.  It avoids multiple threads  to write to an
+     * IO at  once; helps  for instance rb_io_puts()  to ensure  newlines right
+     * next to its arguments.
+     *
+     * This of course doesn't help inter-process IO interleaves, though.
+     */
+    VALUE write_lock;
+
+    /**
+     * The timeout associated with this IO when performing blocking operations.
+     */
+    VALUE timeout;
+};
+
 /* io.c */
 void ruby_set_inplace_mode(const char *);
 void rb_stdio_set_default_encoding(void);
diff --git a/internal/numeric.h b/internal/numeric.h
index 19069cb3bc..f7b8d0ad2d 100644
--- a/internal/numeric.h
+++ b/internal/numeric.h
@@ -35,12 +35,16 @@ enum ruby_num_rounding_mode {
     RUBY_NUM_ROUND_DEFAULT = ROUND_DEFAULT,
 };
 
+/* same as internal.h */
+#define numberof(array) ((int)(sizeof(array) / sizeof((array)[0])))
+#define roomof(x, y) (((x) + (y) - 1) / (y))
+#define type_roomof(x, y) roomof(sizeof(x), sizeof(y))
+
 #if SIZEOF_DOUBLE <= SIZEOF_VALUE
 typedef double rb_float_value_type;
 #else
 typedef struct {
-    VALUE values[(SIZEOF_DOUBLE + SIZEOF_VALUE - 1) / SIZEOF_VALUE];
-    /* roomof() needs internal.h, and the order of some macros may matter */
+    VALUE values[roomof(SIZEOF_DOUBLE, SIZEOF_VALUE)];
 } rb_float_value_type;
 #endif
 
@@ -107,7 +111,6 @@ RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 /* numeric.c (export) */
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_flo_div_flo(VALUE x, VALUE y);
 double ruby_float_mod(double x, double y);
 VALUE rb_float_equal(VALUE x, VALUE y);
@@ -121,7 +124,6 @@ VALUE rb_int_abs(VALUE num);
 VALUE rb_int_bit_length(VALUE num);
 VALUE rb_int_uminus(VALUE num);
 VALUE rb_int_comp(VALUE num);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 static inline bool
 INT_POSITIVE_P(VALUE num)
diff --git a/internal/object.h b/internal/object.h
index 88f3a44bc6..903e2d29a5 100644
--- a/internal/object.h
+++ b/internal/object.h
@@ -9,31 +9,27 @@
  * @brief      Internal header for Object.
  */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
-#include "internal/class.h"     /* for RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL */
-
-#ifdef ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL
-# undef ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL
-#endif
 
 /* object.c */
+size_t rb_obj_embedded_size(uint32_t numiv);
 VALUE rb_class_search_ancestor(VALUE klass, VALUE super);
 NORETURN(void rb_undefined_alloc(VALUE klass));
 double rb_num_to_dbl(VALUE val);
 VALUE rb_obj_dig(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, VALUE notfound);
+VALUE rb_obj_clone_setup(VALUE obj, VALUE clone, VALUE kwfreeze);
+VALUE rb_obj_dup_setup(VALUE obj, VALUE dup);
 VALUE rb_immutable_obj_clone(int, VALUE *, VALUE);
 VALUE rb_check_convert_type_with_id(VALUE,int,const char*,ID);
 int rb_bool_expected(VALUE, const char *, int raise);
 static inline void RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(VALUE obj);
 static inline void RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE klass);
 static inline void RBASIC_SET_CLASS(VALUE obj, VALUE klass);
-static inline struct st_table *ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL_inline(VALUE obj);
 
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 /* object.c (export) */
 int rb_opts_exception_p(VALUE opts, int default_value);
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 CONSTFUNC(VALUE rb_obj_equal(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2));
 CONSTFUNC(VALUE rb_obj_not(VALUE obj));
 VALUE rb_obj_not_equal(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2);
@@ -42,7 +38,6 @@ VALUE rb_false(VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_convert_type_with_id(VALUE v, int t, const char* nam, ID mid);
 VALUE rb_obj_size(VALUE self, VALUE args, VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_get_freeze_opt(int argc, VALUE *argv);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 static inline void
 RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(VALUE obj, VALUE klass)
@@ -64,20 +59,4 @@ RBASIC_SET_CLASS(VALUE obj, VALUE klass)
     RBASIC_SET_CLASS_RAW(obj, klass);
     RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(obj, oldv, klass);
 }
-
-RBIMPL_ATTR_PURE()
-static inline struct st_table *
-ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL_inline(VALUE obj)
-{
-    if (RB_FL_ANY_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_EMBED)) {
-        VALUE klass = rb_obj_class(obj);
-        return RCLASS_IV_INDEX_TBL(klass);
-    }
-    else {
-        const struct RObject *const ptr = ROBJECT(obj);
-        return ptr->as.heap.iv_index_tbl;
-    }
-}
-#define ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL ROBJECT_IV_INDEX_TBL_inline
-
 #endif /* INTERNAL_OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/internal/parse.h b/internal/parse.h
index d9f5b56bc5..bd6d295be1 100644
--- a/internal/parse.h
+++ b/internal/parse.h
@@ -8,16 +8,101 @@
  *             file COPYING are met.  Consult the file for details.
  * @brief      Internal header for the parser.
  */
-#include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
+#include <limits.h>
+#include "rubyparser.h"
+#include "internal/static_assert.h"
+
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+#define rb_encoding void
+#endif
+
 struct rb_iseq_struct;          /* in vm_core.h */
 
+#define STRTERM_HEREDOC IMEMO_FL_USER0
+
+/* structs for managing terminator of string literal and heredocment */
+typedef struct rb_strterm_literal_struct {
+    long nest;
+    int func;	    /* STR_FUNC_* (e.g., STR_FUNC_ESCAPE and STR_FUNC_EXPAND) */
+    int paren;	    /* '(' of `%q(...)` */
+    int term;	    /* ')' of `%q(...)` */
+} rb_strterm_literal_t;
+
+typedef struct rb_strterm_heredoc_struct {
+    VALUE lastline;	/* the string of line that contains `<<"END"` */
+    long offset;	/* the column of END in `<<"END"` */
+    int sourceline;	/* lineno of the line that contains `<<"END"` */
+    unsigned length;	/* the length of END in `<<"END"` */
+    uint8_t quote;
+    uint8_t func;
+} rb_strterm_heredoc_t;
+
+#define HERETERM_LENGTH_MAX UINT_MAX
+
+typedef struct rb_strterm_struct {
+    VALUE flags;
+    union {
+        rb_strterm_literal_t literal;
+        rb_strterm_heredoc_t heredoc;
+    } u;
+} rb_strterm_t;
+
 /* parse.y */
-VALUE rb_parser_set_yydebug(VALUE, VALUE);
-void *rb_parser_load_file(VALUE parser, VALUE name);
-void rb_parser_keep_script_lines(VALUE vparser);
+void rb_ruby_parser_mark(void *ptr);
+size_t rb_ruby_parser_memsize(const void *ptr);
+
+void rb_ruby_parser_set_options(rb_parser_t *p, int print, int loop, int chomp, int split);
+rb_parser_t *rb_ruby_parser_set_context(rb_parser_t *p, const struct rb_iseq_struct *base, int main);
+void rb_ruby_parser_set_script_lines(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE lines_array);
+void rb_ruby_parser_error_tolerant(rb_parser_t *p);
+rb_ast_t* rb_ruby_parser_compile_file_path(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE fname, VALUE file, int start);
+void rb_ruby_parser_keep_tokens(rb_parser_t *p);
+rb_ast_t* rb_ruby_parser_compile_generic(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE (*lex_gets)(VALUE, int), VALUE fname, VALUE input, int start);
+rb_ast_t* rb_ruby_parser_compile_string_path(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE f, VALUE s, int line);
 
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
-VALUE rb_parser_set_context(VALUE, const struct rb_iseq_struct *, int);
+
+VALUE rb_ruby_parser_encoding(rb_parser_t *p);
+int rb_ruby_parser_end_seen_p(rb_parser_t *p);
+int rb_ruby_parser_set_yydebug(rb_parser_t *p, int flag);
+
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
+int rb_reg_named_capture_assign_iter_impl(struct parser_params *p, const char *s, long len, rb_encoding *enc, NODE **succ_block, const rb_code_location_t *loc);
+
+#ifdef RIPPER
+void ripper_parser_mark(void *ptr);
+void ripper_parser_free(void *ptr);
+size_t ripper_parser_memsize(const void *ptr);
+void ripper_error(struct parser_params *p);
+VALUE ripper_value(struct parser_params *p);
+int rb_ruby_parser_get_yydebug(rb_parser_t *p);
+void rb_ruby_parser_set_value(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE value);
+int rb_ruby_parser_error_p(rb_parser_t *p);
+VALUE rb_ruby_parser_debug_output(rb_parser_t *p);
+void rb_ruby_parser_set_debug_output(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE output);
+VALUE rb_ruby_parser_parsing_thread(rb_parser_t *p);
+void rb_ruby_parser_set_parsing_thread(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE parsing_thread);
+void rb_ruby_parser_ripper_initialize(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE (*gets)(struct parser_params*,VALUE), VALUE input, VALUE sourcefile_string, const char *sourcefile, int sourceline);
+VALUE rb_ruby_parser_result(rb_parser_t *p);
+rb_encoding *rb_ruby_parser_enc(rb_parser_t *p);
+VALUE rb_ruby_parser_ruby_sourcefile_string(rb_parser_t *p);
+int rb_ruby_parser_ruby_sourceline(rb_parser_t *p);
+int rb_ruby_parser_lex_state(rb_parser_t *p);
+void rb_ruby_ripper_parse0(rb_parser_t *p);
+int rb_ruby_ripper_dedent_string(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE string, int width);
+VALUE rb_ruby_ripper_lex_get_str(rb_parser_t *p, VALUE s);
+int rb_ruby_ripper_initialized_p(rb_parser_t *p);
+void rb_ruby_ripper_parser_initialize(rb_parser_t *p);
+long rb_ruby_ripper_column(rb_parser_t *p);
+long rb_ruby_ripper_token_len(rb_parser_t *p);
+VALUE rb_ruby_ripper_lex_lastline(rb_parser_t *p);
+VALUE rb_ruby_ripper_lex_state_name(struct parser_params *p, int state);
+struct parser_params *rb_ruby_ripper_parser_allocate(void);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+#undef rb_encoding
+#endif
+
 #endif /* INTERNAL_PARSE_H */
diff --git a/internal/proc.h b/internal/proc.h
index 2416c31e14..c75f15b283 100644
--- a/internal/proc.h
+++ b/internal/proc.h
@@ -22,11 +22,9 @@ int rb_block_min_max_arity(int *max);
 VALUE rb_block_to_s(VALUE self, const struct rb_block *block, const char *additional_info);
 VALUE rb_callable_receiver(VALUE);
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_func_proc_new(rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE val);
 VALUE rb_func_lambda_new(rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE val, int min_argc, int max_argc);
 VALUE rb_iseq_location(const struct rb_iseq_struct *iseq);
 VALUE rb_sym_to_proc(VALUE sym);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_PROC_H */
diff --git a/internal/process.h b/internal/process.h
index ceadfdcbbb..fd4994cb4b 100644
--- a/internal/process.h
+++ b/internal/process.h
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
+#include "internal/compilers.h" /* for __has_warning */
 #include "internal/imemo.h"     /* for RB_IMEMO_TMPBUF_PTR */
-#include "internal/warnings.h"  /* for COMPILER_WARNING_PUSH */
 
 #define RB_MAX_GROUPS (65536)
 
@@ -121,17 +121,4 @@ ARGVSTR2ARGC(VALUE argv_str)
     return i - 1;
 }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_WORKING_FORK
-COMPILER_WARNING_PUSH
-#if __has_warning("-Wdeprecated-declarations") || RBIMPL_COMPILER_IS(GCC)
-COMPILER_WARNING_IGNORED(-Wdeprecated-declarations)
-#endif
-static inline rb_pid_t
-rb_fork(void)
-{
-    return fork();
-}
-COMPILER_WARNING_POP
-#endif
-
 #endif /* INTERNAL_PROCESS_H */
diff --git a/internal/random.h b/internal/random.h
index 231e2d5d7e..127b908e16 100644
--- a/internal/random.h
+++ b/internal/random.h
@@ -12,5 +12,6 @@
 
 /* random.c */
 int ruby_fill_random_bytes(void *, size_t, int);
+void rb_free_default_rand_key(void);
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_RANDOM_H */
diff --git a/internal/range.h b/internal/range.h
index 8daba0ecab..2394937bf8 100644
--- a/internal/range.h
+++ b/internal/range.h
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ RANGE_BEG(VALUE r)
 static inline VALUE
 RANGE_END(VALUE r)
 {
-    return RSTRUCT(r)->as.ary[1];
+    return RSTRUCT_GET(r, 1);
 }
 
 static inline VALUE
 RANGE_EXCL(VALUE r)
 {
-    return RSTRUCT(r)->as.ary[2];
+    return RSTRUCT_GET(r, 2);
 }
 
 VALUE
diff --git a/internal/rational.h b/internal/rational.h
index 61ddbf089a..f11fab4583 100644
--- a/internal/rational.h
+++ b/internal/rational.h
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
  */
 #include "ruby/internal/config.h"      /* for HAVE_LIBGMP */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for struct RBasic */
-#include "internal/gc.h"        /* for RB_OBJ_WRITE */
 #include "internal/numeric.h"   /* for INT_POSITIVE_P */
 #include "ruby_assert.h"        /* for assert */
 
diff --git a/internal/re.h b/internal/re.h
index 8b31b3d8a5..3e20114665 100644
--- a/internal/re.h
+++ b/internal/re.h
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ VALUE rb_reg_equal(VALUE re1, VALUE re2);
 void rb_backref_set_string(VALUE string, long pos, long len);
 void rb_match_unbusy(VALUE);
 int rb_match_count(VALUE match);
-int rb_match_nth_defined(int nth, VALUE match);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_reg_new_ary(VALUE ary, int options);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+VALUE rb_reg_last_defined(VALUE match);
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_RE_H */
diff --git a/internal/ruby_parser.h b/internal/ruby_parser.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6beb2808ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/ruby_parser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#ifndef INTERNAL_RUBY_PARSE_H
+#define INTERNAL_RUBY_PARSE_H
+
+#include "internal.h"
+#include "internal/imemo.h"
+#include "rubyparser.h"
+#include "vm.h"
+
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+#ifdef UNIVERSAL_PARSER
+void rb_parser_config_initialize(rb_parser_config_t *config);
+#endif
+VALUE rb_parser_set_context(VALUE, const struct rb_iseq_struct *, int);
+VALUE rb_parser_new(void);
+rb_ast_t *rb_parser_compile_string_path(VALUE vparser, VALUE fname, VALUE src, int line);
+RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+
+VALUE rb_parser_end_seen_p(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_parser_encoding(VALUE);
+VALUE rb_parser_set_yydebug(VALUE, VALUE);
+void rb_parser_set_options(VALUE, int, int, int, int);
+void *rb_parser_load_file(VALUE parser, VALUE name);
+void rb_parser_set_script_lines(VALUE vparser, VALUE lines_array);
+void rb_parser_error_tolerant(VALUE vparser);
+void rb_parser_keep_tokens(VALUE vparser);
+
+rb_ast_t *rb_parser_compile_string(VALUE, const char*, VALUE, int);
+rb_ast_t *rb_parser_compile_file_path(VALUE vparser, VALUE fname, VALUE input, int line);
+rb_ast_t *rb_parser_compile_generic(VALUE vparser, VALUE (*lex_gets)(VALUE, int), VALUE fname, VALUE input, int line);
+
+enum lex_state_bits {
+    EXPR_BEG_bit,		/* ignore newline, +/- is a sign. */
+    EXPR_END_bit,		/* newline significant, +/- is an operator. */
+    EXPR_ENDARG_bit,		/* ditto, and unbound braces. */
+    EXPR_ENDFN_bit,		/* ditto, and unbound braces. */
+    EXPR_ARG_bit,		/* newline significant, +/- is an operator. */
+    EXPR_CMDARG_bit,		/* newline significant, +/- is an operator. */
+    EXPR_MID_bit,		/* newline significant, +/- is an operator. */
+    EXPR_FNAME_bit,		/* ignore newline, no reserved words. */
+    EXPR_DOT_bit,		/* right after `.', `&.' or `::', no reserved words. */
+    EXPR_CLASS_bit,		/* immediate after `class', no here document. */
+    EXPR_LABEL_bit,		/* flag bit, label is allowed. */
+    EXPR_LABELED_bit,		/* flag bit, just after a label. */
+    EXPR_FITEM_bit,		/* symbol literal as FNAME. */
+    EXPR_MAX_STATE
+};
+/* examine combinations */
+enum lex_state_e {
+#define DEF_EXPR(n) EXPR_##n = (1 << EXPR_##n##_bit)
+    DEF_EXPR(BEG),
+    DEF_EXPR(END),
+    DEF_EXPR(ENDARG),
+    DEF_EXPR(ENDFN),
+    DEF_EXPR(ARG),
+    DEF_EXPR(CMDARG),
+    DEF_EXPR(MID),
+    DEF_EXPR(FNAME),
+    DEF_EXPR(DOT),
+    DEF_EXPR(CLASS),
+    DEF_EXPR(LABEL),
+    DEF_EXPR(LABELED),
+    DEF_EXPR(FITEM),
+    EXPR_VALUE = EXPR_BEG,
+    EXPR_BEG_ANY  =  (EXPR_BEG | EXPR_MID | EXPR_CLASS),
+    EXPR_ARG_ANY  =  (EXPR_ARG | EXPR_CMDARG),
+    EXPR_END_ANY  =  (EXPR_END | EXPR_ENDARG | EXPR_ENDFN),
+    EXPR_NONE = 0
+};
+#endif /* INTERNAL_RUBY_PARSE_H */
diff --git a/internal/sanitizers.h b/internal/sanitizers.h
index 6e2d81137f..7b7d166c74 100644
--- a/internal/sanitizers.h
+++ b/internal/sanitizers.h
@@ -89,8 +89,6 @@
 # define VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_UNDEFINED(p, n) 0
 #endif
 
-#ifndef MJIT_HEADER
-
 /*!
  * This function asserts that a (continuous) memory region from ptr to size
  * being "poisoned".  Both read / write access to such memory region are
@@ -185,6 +183,4 @@ asan_unpoison_object(VALUE obj, bool newobj_p)
     asan_unpoison_memory_region(ptr, SIZEOF_VALUE, newobj_p);
 }
 
-#endif /* MJIT_HEADER */
-
 #endif /* INTERNAL_SANITIZERS_H */
diff --git a/internal/signal.h b/internal/signal.h
index 86fb54e949..660cd95f78 100644
--- a/internal/signal.h
+++ b/internal/signal.h
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@
 extern int ruby_enable_coredump;
 int rb_get_next_signal(void);
 
+#ifdef POSIX_SIGNAL
+void (*ruby_posix_signal(int, void (*)(int)))(int);
+#endif
+
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 /* signal.c (export) */
 int rb_grantpt(int fd);
diff --git a/internal/string.h b/internal/string.h
index 8fb9553d03..8c481f979e 100644
--- a/internal/string.h
+++ b/internal/string.h
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ char *rb_str_to_cstr(VALUE str);
 const char *ruby_escaped_char(int c);
 void rb_str_make_independent(VALUE str);
 int rb_enc_str_coderange_scan(VALUE str, rb_encoding *enc);
+int rb_ascii8bit_appendable_encoding_index(rb_encoding *enc, unsigned int code);
+VALUE rb_str_include(VALUE str, VALUE arg);
 
 static inline bool STR_EMBED_P(VALUE str);
 static inline bool STR_SHARED_P(VALUE str);
@@ -62,10 +64,8 @@ VALUE rb_str_upto_endless_each(VALUE, int (*each)(VALUE, VALUE), VALUE);
 void rb_str_make_embedded(VALUE);
 size_t rb_str_size_as_embedded(VALUE);
 bool rb_str_reembeddable_p(VALUE);
-void rb_str_update_shared_ary(VALUE str, VALUE old_root, VALUE new_root);
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_fstring_new(const char *ptr, long len);
 VALUE rb_obj_as_string_result(VALUE str, VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_str_opt_plus(VALUE x, VALUE y);
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ VALUE rb_sym_proc_call(ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat, VALUE
 
 struct rb_execution_context_struct;
 VALUE rb_ec_str_resurrect(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, VALUE str);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #define rb_fstring_lit(str) rb_fstring_new((str), rb_strlen_lit(str))
 #define rb_fstring_literal(str) rb_fstring_lit(str)
@@ -104,7 +103,7 @@ STR_EMBED_P(VALUE str)
 static inline bool
 STR_SHARED_P(VALUE str)
 {
-    return FL_ALL_RAW(str, STR_NOEMBED | ELTS_SHARED);
+    return FL_ALL_RAW(str, STR_NOEMBED | STR_SHARED);
 }
 
 static inline bool
@@ -119,6 +118,21 @@ is_broken_string(VALUE str)
     return rb_enc_str_coderange(str) == ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN;
 }
 
+static inline bool
+at_char_boundary(const char *s, const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc)
+{
+    return rb_enc_left_char_head(s, p, e, enc) == p;
+}
+
+static inline bool
+at_char_right_boundary(const char *s, const char *p, const char *e, rb_encoding *enc)
+{
+    RUBY_ASSERT(s <= p);
+    RUBY_ASSERT(p <= e);
+
+    return rb_enc_right_char_head(s, p, e, enc) == p;
+}
+
 /* expect tail call optimization */
 // YJIT needs this function to never allocate and never raise
 static inline VALUE
diff --git a/internal/struct.h b/internal/struct.h
index 8acc00ec3c..6da5bad10a 100644
--- a/internal/struct.h
+++ b/internal/struct.h
@@ -9,14 +9,12 @@
  * @brief      Internal header for Struct.
  */
 #include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"     /* for bool */
-#include "internal/gc.h"        /* for RB_OBJ_WRITE */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for struct RBasic */
 
 enum {
-    RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_MAX = RVALUE_EMBED_LEN_MAX,
-    RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_MASK = (RUBY_FL_USER2|RUBY_FL_USER1),
+    RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_MASK = RUBY_FL_USER7 | RUBY_FL_USER6 | RUBY_FL_USER5 | RUBY_FL_USER4 |
+                                 RUBY_FL_USER3 | RUBY_FL_USER2 | RUBY_FL_USER1,
     RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT = (RUBY_FL_USHIFT+1),
-    RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_FLAG = FL_USER3,
 };
 
 struct RStruct {
@@ -26,7 +24,12 @@ struct RStruct {
             long len;
             const VALUE *ptr;
         } heap;
-        const VALUE ary[RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_MAX];
+        /* This is a length 1 array because:
+         *   1. GCC has a bug that does not optimize C flexible array members
+         *      (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=102452)
+         *   2. Zero length arrays are not supported by all compilers
+         */
+        const VALUE ary[1];
     } as;
 };
 
@@ -57,9 +60,6 @@ VALUE rb_struct_init_copy(VALUE copy, VALUE s);
 VALUE rb_struct_lookup(VALUE s, VALUE idx);
 VALUE rb_struct_s_keyword_init(VALUE klass);
 static inline const VALUE *rb_struct_const_heap_ptr(VALUE st);
-static inline bool RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE st);
-static inline void RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_SET(VALUE st);
-static inline void RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_UNSET(VALUE st);
 static inline long RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN(VALUE st);
 static inline long RSTRUCT_LEN(VALUE st);
 static inline int RSTRUCT_LENINT(VALUE st);
@@ -67,32 +67,6 @@ static inline const VALUE *RSTRUCT_CONST_PTR(VALUE st);
 static inline void RSTRUCT_SET(VALUE st, long k, VALUE v);
 static inline VALUE RSTRUCT_GET(VALUE st, long k);
 
-static inline bool
-RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE st)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    return FL_TEST_RAW(st, RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_SET(VALUE st)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_SET_RAW(st, RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_UNSET(VALUE st)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_UNSET_RAW(st, RSTRUCT_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
 static inline long
 RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN(VALUE st)
 {
@@ -146,7 +120,7 @@ RSTRUCT_GET(VALUE st, long k)
 static inline const VALUE *
 rb_struct_const_heap_ptr(VALUE st)
 {
-    /* TODO: check embed on debug mode */
+    assert(!FL_TEST_RAW(st, RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_MASK));
     return RSTRUCT(st)->as.heap.ptr;
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/symbol.h b/internal/symbol.h
index 30c81ea004..e7730cb70f 100644
--- a/internal/symbol.h
+++ b/internal/symbol.h
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ ID rb_make_temporary_id(size_t n);
 void rb_gc_free_dsymbol(VALUE);
 int rb_static_id_valid_p(ID id);
 
+/* vm.c */
+void rb_free_static_symid_str(void);
+
 #if __has_builtin(__builtin_constant_p)
 #define rb_sym_intern_ascii_cstr(ptr) \
     (__builtin_constant_p(ptr) ? \
diff --git a/internal/thread.h b/internal/thread.h
index 63f03bb94a..cf25975d8b 100644
--- a/internal/thread.h
+++ b/internal/thread.h
@@ -10,9 +10,17 @@
  */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
 #include "ruby/intern.h"        /* for rb_blocking_function_t */
+#include "ccan/list/list.h"     /* for list in rb_io_close_wait_list */
 
 struct rb_thread_struct;        /* in vm_core.h */
 
+#define RB_VM_SAVE_MACHINE_CONTEXT(th)				\
+    do {							\
+        FLUSH_REGISTER_WINDOWS;					\
+        setjmp((th)->ec->machine.regs);				\
+        SET_MACHINE_STACK_END(&(th)->ec->machine.stack_end);	\
+    } while (0)
+
 /* thread.c */
 #define COVERAGE_INDEX_LINES    0
 #define COVERAGE_INDEX_BRANCHES 1
@@ -20,6 +28,11 @@ struct rb_thread_struct;        /* in vm_core.h */
 #define COVERAGE_TARGET_BRANCHES 2
 #define COVERAGE_TARGET_METHODS  4
 #define COVERAGE_TARGET_ONESHOT_LINES 8
+#define COVERAGE_TARGET_EVAL 16
+
+#define RUBY_FATAL_THREAD_KILLED INT2FIX(0)
+#define RUBY_FATAL_THREAD_TERMINATED INT2FIX(1)
+#define RUBY_FATAL_FIBER_KILLED RB_INT2FIX(2)
 
 VALUE rb_obj_is_mutex(VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_suppress_tracing(VALUE (*func)(VALUE), VALUE arg);
@@ -28,6 +41,7 @@ VALUE rb_get_coverages(void);
 int rb_get_coverage_mode(void);
 VALUE rb_default_coverage(int);
 VALUE rb_thread_shield_new(void);
+bool rb_thread_shield_owned(VALUE self);
 VALUE rb_thread_shield_wait(VALUE self);
 VALUE rb_thread_shield_release(VALUE self);
 VALUE rb_thread_shield_destroy(VALUE self);
@@ -36,19 +50,29 @@ void rb_mutex_allow_trap(VALUE self, int val);
 VALUE rb_uninterruptible(VALUE (*b_proc)(VALUE), VALUE data);
 VALUE rb_mutex_owned_p(VALUE self);
 VALUE rb_exec_recursive_outer_mid(VALUE (*f)(VALUE g, VALUE h, int r), VALUE g, VALUE h, ID mid);
+void ruby_mn_threads_params(void);
 
 int rb_thread_wait_for_single_fd(int fd, int events, struct timeval * timeout);
 
+struct rb_io_close_wait_list {
+    struct ccan_list_head pending_fd_users;
+    VALUE closing_thread;
+    VALUE wakeup_mutex;
+};
+int rb_notify_fd_close(int fd, struct rb_io_close_wait_list *busy);
+void rb_notify_fd_close_wait(struct rb_io_close_wait_list *busy);
+
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+
 /* Temporary.  This API will be removed (renamed). */
 VALUE rb_thread_io_blocking_region(rb_blocking_function_t *func, void *data1, int fd);
+VALUE rb_thread_io_blocking_call(rb_blocking_function_t *func, void *data1, int fd, int events);
 
 /* thread.c (export) */
 int ruby_thread_has_gvl_p(void); /* for ext/fiddle/closure.c */
+
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 int rb_threadptr_execute_interrupts(struct rb_thread_struct *th, int blocking_timing);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_THREAD_H */
diff --git a/internal/transcode.h b/internal/transcode.h
index 9922332ea9..ce4f2341be 100644
--- a/internal/transcode.h
+++ b/internal/transcode.h
@@ -17,4 +17,7 @@
 extern VALUE rb_cEncodingConverter;
 size_t rb_econv_memsize(rb_econv_t *);
 
+/* vm.c */
+void rb_free_transcoder_table(void);
+
 #endif /* INTERNAL_TRANSCODE_H */
diff --git a/internal/variable.h b/internal/variable.h
index 1a19e8964b..b2a30c7c58 100644
--- a/internal/variable.h
+++ b/internal/variable.h
@@ -13,10 +13,7 @@
 #include "constant.h"           /* for rb_const_entry_t */
 #include "ruby/internal/stdbool.h"     /* for bool */
 #include "ruby/ruby.h"          /* for VALUE */
-
-/* global variable */
-
-#define ROBJECT_TRANSIENT_FLAG    FL_USER2
+#include "shape.h"              /* for rb_shape_t */
 
 /* variable.c */
 void rb_gc_mark_global_tbl(void);
@@ -24,7 +21,6 @@ void rb_gc_update_global_tbl(void);
 size_t rb_generic_ivar_memsize(VALUE);
 VALUE rb_search_class_path(VALUE);
 VALUE rb_attr_delete(VALUE, ID);
-VALUE rb_ivar_lookup(VALUE obj, ID id, VALUE undef);
 void rb_autoload_str(VALUE mod, ID id, VALUE file);
 VALUE rb_autoload_at_p(VALUE, ID, int);
 NORETURN(VALUE rb_mod_const_missing(VALUE,VALUE));
@@ -32,52 +28,45 @@ rb_gvar_getter_t *rb_gvar_getter_function_of(ID);
 rb_gvar_setter_t *rb_gvar_setter_function_of(ID);
 void rb_gvar_readonly_setter(VALUE v, ID id, VALUE *_);
 void rb_gvar_ractor_local(const char *name);
-static inline bool ROBJ_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE obj);
-static inline void ROBJ_TRANSIENT_SET(VALUE obj);
-static inline void ROBJ_TRANSIENT_UNSET(VALUE obj);
-uint32_t rb_obj_ensure_iv_index_mapping(VALUE obj, ID id);
+
+/**
+ * Sets the name of a module.
+ *
+ * Non-permanently named classes can have a temporary name assigned (or
+ * cleared). In that case the name will be used for `#inspect` and `#to_s`, and
+ * nested classes/modules will be named with the temporary name as a prefix.
+ *
+ * After the module is assigned to a constant, the temporary name will be
+ * discarded, and the name will be computed based on the nesting.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  mod        An instance of ::rb_cModule.
+ * @param[in]  name       An instance of ::rb_cString.
+ * @retval     mod
+ */
+VALUE rb_mod_set_temporary_name(VALUE, VALUE);
+
+struct gen_ivtbl;
+int rb_gen_ivtbl_get(VALUE obj, ID id, struct gen_ivtbl **ivtbl);
+void rb_obj_copy_ivs_to_hash_table(VALUE obj, st_table *table);
+void rb_obj_convert_to_too_complex(VALUE obj, st_table *table);
+void rb_evict_ivars_to_hash(VALUE obj);
 
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 /* variable.c (export) */
-void rb_mark_generic_ivar(VALUE);
+void rb_mark_generic_ivar(VALUE obj);
+void rb_ref_update_generic_ivar(VALUE);
 void rb_mv_generic_ivar(VALUE src, VALUE dst);
 VALUE rb_const_missing(VALUE klass, VALUE name);
 int rb_class_ivar_set(VALUE klass, ID vid, VALUE value);
 void rb_iv_tbl_copy(VALUE dst, VALUE src);
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
+VALUE rb_ivar_lookup(VALUE obj, ID id, VALUE undef);
 VALUE rb_gvar_get(ID);
 VALUE rb_gvar_set(ID, VALUE);
 VALUE rb_gvar_defined(ID);
 void rb_const_warn_if_deprecated(const rb_const_entry_t *, VALUE, ID);
-void rb_init_iv_list(VALUE obj);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
-
-static inline bool
-ROBJ_TRANSIENT_P(VALUE obj)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    return FL_TEST_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-ROBJ_TRANSIENT_SET(VALUE obj)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_SET_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline void
-ROBJ_TRANSIENT_UNSET(VALUE obj)
-{
-#if USE_TRANSIENT_HEAP
-    FL_UNSET_RAW(obj, ROBJECT_TRANSIENT_FLAG);
-#endif
-}
+void rb_ensure_iv_list_size(VALUE obj, uint32_t len, uint32_t newsize);
+attr_index_t rb_obj_ivar_set(VALUE obj, ID id, VALUE val);
 
 #endif /* INTERNAL_VARIABLE_H */
diff --git a/internal/vm.h b/internal/vm.h
index c6c6b2ccc2..a32a14e045 100644
--- a/internal/vm.h
+++ b/internal/vm.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ enum method_missing_reason {
 };
 
 /* vm_insnhelper.h */
-rb_serial_t rb_next_class_serial(void);
+VALUE rb_vm_push_frame_fname(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, VALUE fname);
 
 /* vm.c */
 VALUE rb_obj_is_thread(VALUE obj);
@@ -50,17 +50,15 @@ PUREFUNC(VALUE rb_vm_top_self(void));
 const void **rb_vm_get_insns_address_table(void);
 VALUE rb_source_location(int *pline);
 const char *rb_source_location_cstr(int *pline);
-MJIT_STATIC void rb_vm_pop_cfunc_frame(void);
+void rb_vm_pop_cfunc_frame(void);
 int rb_vm_add_root_module(VALUE module);
 void rb_vm_check_redefinition_by_prepend(VALUE klass);
 int rb_vm_check_optimizable_mid(VALUE mid);
 VALUE rb_yield_refine_block(VALUE refinement, VALUE refinements);
-MJIT_STATIC VALUE ruby_vm_special_exception_copy(VALUE);
+VALUE ruby_vm_special_exception_copy(VALUE);
 PUREFUNC(st_table *rb_vm_fstring_table(void));
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
-VALUE vm_exec(struct rb_execution_context_struct *, bool); /* used in JIT-ed code */
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
+void rb_lastline_set_up(VALUE val, unsigned int up);
 
 /* vm_eval.c */
 VALUE rb_current_realfilepath(void);
@@ -80,25 +78,31 @@ VALUE rb_lambda_call(VALUE obj, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
                      VALUE data2);
 void rb_check_stack_overflow(void);
 
+#if USE_YJIT
+/* vm_exec.c */
+extern uint64_t rb_vm_insns_count;
+#endif
+
+extern bool rb_free_at_exit;
+
+/* miniinit.c and builtin.c */
+void rb_free_loaded_builtin_table(void);
+
 /* vm_insnhelper.c */
 VALUE rb_equal_opt(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2);
 VALUE rb_eql_opt(VALUE obj1, VALUE obj2);
 
 struct rb_iseq_struct;
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 const struct rb_callcache *rb_vm_search_method_slowpath(const struct rb_callinfo *ci, VALUE klass);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 /* vm_method.c */
 struct rb_execution_context_struct;
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 int rb_ec_obj_respond_to(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, VALUE obj, ID id, int priv);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 void rb_clear_constant_cache(void);
 
 /* vm_dump.c */
-void rb_print_backtrace(void);
+void rb_print_backtrace(FILE *);
 
 /* vm_backtrace.c */
 VALUE rb_vm_thread_backtrace(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE thval);
@@ -106,7 +110,7 @@ VALUE rb_vm_thread_backtrace_locations(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE thval)
 VALUE rb_vm_backtrace(int argc, const VALUE * argv, struct rb_execution_context_struct * ec);
 VALUE rb_vm_backtrace_locations(int argc, const VALUE * argv, struct rb_execution_context_struct * ec);
 VALUE rb_make_backtrace(void);
-void rb_backtrace_print_as_bugreport(void);
+void rb_backtrace_print_as_bugreport(FILE*);
 int rb_backtrace_p(VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_backtrace_to_str_ary(VALUE obj);
 VALUE rb_backtrace_to_location_ary(VALUE obj);
@@ -115,10 +119,8 @@ int rb_frame_info_p(VALUE obj);
 int rb_get_node_id_from_frame_info(VALUE obj);
 const struct rb_iseq_struct *rb_get_iseq_from_frame_info(VALUE obj);
 
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN
 VALUE rb_ec_backtrace_object(const struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec);
 void rb_backtrace_use_iseq_first_lineno_for_last_location(VALUE self);
-MJIT_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #define RUBY_DTRACE_CREATE_HOOK(name, arg) \
     RUBY_DTRACE_HOOK(name##_CREATE, arg)
diff --git a/io.c b/io.c
index 1eb48dd19b..ca2cb904ee 100644
--- a/io.c
+++ b/io.c
@@ -16,11 +16,6 @@
 #include "ruby/fiber/scheduler.h"
 #include "ruby/io/buffer.h"
 
-#ifdef _WIN32
-# include "ruby/ruby.h"
-# include "ruby/io.h"
-#endif
-
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
@@ -75,10 +70,6 @@
 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
 #endif
 
-#if !HAVE_OFF_T && !defined(off_t)
-# define off_t  long
-#endif
-
 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
 # include <sys/time.h>
 #endif
@@ -149,10 +140,6 @@
 #define O_ACCMODE (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR)
 #endif
 
-#if SIZEOF_OFF_T > SIZEOF_LONG && !defined(HAVE_LONG_LONG)
-# error off_t is bigger than long, but you have no long long...
-#endif
-
 #ifndef PIPE_BUF
 # ifdef _POSIX_PIPE_BUF
 #  define PIPE_BUF _POSIX_PIPE_BUF
@@ -175,17 +162,21 @@ off_t __syscall(quad_t number, ...);
 #define IO_RBUF_CAPA_FOR(fptr) (NEED_READCONV(fptr) ? IO_CBUF_CAPA_MIN : IO_RBUF_CAPA_MIN)
 #define IO_WBUF_CAPA_MIN  8192
 
+#define IO_MAX_BUFFER_GROWTH 8 * 1024 * 1024 // 8MB
+
 /* define system APIs */
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #undef open
 #define open	rb_w32_uopen
 #undef rename
 #define rename(f, t)	rb_w32_urename((f), (t))
+#include "win32/file.h"
 #endif
 
 VALUE rb_cIO;
 VALUE rb_eEOFError;
 VALUE rb_eIOError;
+VALUE rb_eIOTimeoutError;
 VALUE rb_mWaitReadable;
 VALUE rb_mWaitWritable;
 
@@ -226,7 +217,7 @@ struct argf {
     long lineno;
     VALUE argv;
     VALUE inplace;
-    struct rb_io_enc_t encs;
+    struct rb_io_encoding encs;
     int8_t init_p, next_p, binmode;
 };
 
@@ -501,7 +492,7 @@ rb_cloexec_fcntl_dupfd(int fd, int minfd)
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 #define WAIT_FD_IN_WIN32(fptr) \
-    (rb_w32_io_cancelable_p((fptr)->fd) ? Qnil : rb_io_wait(fptr->self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), Qnil))
+    (rb_w32_io_cancelable_p((fptr)->fd) ? Qnil : rb_io_wait(fptr->self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT))
 #else
 #define WAIT_FD_IN_WIN32(fptr)
 #endif
@@ -530,7 +521,6 @@ rb_cloexec_fcntl_dupfd(int fd, int minfd)
 static int io_fflush(rb_io_t *);
 static rb_io_t *flush_before_seek(rb_io_t *fptr);
 
-#define FMODE_PREP (1<<16)
 #define FMODE_SIGNAL_ON_EPIPE (1<<17)
 
 #define fptr_signal_on_epipe(fptr) \
@@ -620,7 +610,7 @@ raise_on_write(rb_io_t *fptr, int e, VALUE errinfo)
 static void
 io_unread(rb_io_t *fptr)
 {
-    off_t r, pos;
+    rb_off_t r, pos;
     ssize_t read_size;
     long i;
     long newlines = 0;
@@ -839,6 +829,57 @@ rb_io_set_write_io(VALUE io, VALUE w)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
+ *    timeout -> duration or nil
+ *
+ *  Get the internal timeout duration or nil if it was not set.
+ *
+ */
+VALUE
+rb_io_timeout(VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr = rb_io_get_fptr(self);
+
+    return fptr->timeout;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    timeout = duration -> duration
+ *    timeout = nil -> nil
+ *
+ *  Sets the internal timeout to the specified duration or nil. The timeout
+ *  applies to all blocking operations where possible.
+ *
+ *  When the operation performs longer than the timeout set, IO::TimeoutError
+ *  is raised.
+ *
+ *  This affects the following methods (but is not limited to): #gets, #puts,
+ *  #read, #write, #wait_readable and #wait_writable. This also affects
+ *  blocking socket operations like Socket#accept and Socket#connect.
+ *
+ *  Some operations like File#open and IO#close are not affected by the
+ *  timeout. A timeout during a write operation may leave the IO in an
+ *  inconsistent state, e.g. data was partially written. Generally speaking, a
+ *  timeout is a last ditch effort to prevent an application from hanging on
+ *  slow I/O operations, such as those that occur during a slowloris attack.
+ */
+VALUE
+rb_io_set_timeout(VALUE self, VALUE timeout)
+{
+    // Validate it:
+    if (RTEST(timeout)) {
+        rb_time_interval(timeout);
+    }
+
+    rb_io_t *fptr = rb_io_get_fptr(self);
+
+    fptr->timeout = timeout;
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
  *    IO.try_convert(object) -> new_io or nil
  *
  *  Attempts to convert +object+ into an \IO object via method +to_io+;
@@ -859,7 +900,7 @@ rb_io_s_try_convert(VALUE dummy, VALUE io)
 static void
 io_unread(rb_io_t *fptr)
 {
-    off_t r;
+    rb_off_t r;
     rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
     if (fptr->rbuf.len == 0 || fptr->mode & FMODE_DUPLEX)
         return;
@@ -1008,7 +1049,7 @@ void
 rb_io_read_check(rb_io_t *fptr)
 {
     if (!READ_DATA_PENDING(fptr)) {
-        rb_io_wait(fptr->self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), Qnil);
+        rb_io_wait(fptr->self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
     }
     return;
 }
@@ -1023,20 +1064,24 @@ rb_gc_for_fd(int err)
     return 0;
 }
 
+/* try `expr` upto twice while it returns false and `errno`
+ * is to GC.  Each `errno`s are available as `first_errno` and
+ * `retried_errno` respectively */
+#define TRY_WITH_GC(expr) \
+    for (int first_errno, retried_errno = 0, retried = 0; \
+         (!retried && \
+          !(expr) && \
+          (!rb_gc_for_fd(first_errno = errno) || !(expr)) &&   \
+          (retried_errno = errno, 1)); \
+         (void)retried_errno, retried = 1)
+
 static int
 ruby_dup(int orig)
 {
-    int fd;
+    int fd = -1;
 
-    fd = rb_cloexec_dup(orig);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        int e = errno;
-        if (rb_gc_for_fd(e)) {
-            fd = rb_cloexec_dup(orig);
-        }
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            rb_syserr_fail(e, 0);
-        }
+    TRY_WITH_GC((fd = rb_cloexec_dup(orig)) >= 0) {
+        rb_syserr_fail(first_errno, 0);
     }
     rb_update_max_fd(fd);
     return fd;
@@ -1045,7 +1090,7 @@ ruby_dup(int orig)
 static VALUE
 io_alloc(VALUE klass)
 {
-    NEWOBJ_OF(io, struct RFile, klass, T_FILE);
+    NEWOBJ_OF(io, struct RFile, klass, T_FILE, sizeof(struct RFile), 0);
 
     io->fptr = 0;
 
@@ -1060,56 +1105,124 @@ struct io_internal_read_struct {
     VALUE th;
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     int nonblock;
+    int fd;
+
     void *buf;
     size_t capa;
+    struct timeval *timeout;
 };
 
 struct io_internal_write_struct {
+    VALUE th;
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    int nonblock;
     int fd;
+
     const void *buf;
     size_t capa;
+    struct timeval *timeout;
 };
 
 #ifdef HAVE_WRITEV
 struct io_internal_writev_struct {
+    VALUE th;
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    int nonblock;
     int fd;
+
     int iovcnt;
     const struct iovec *iov;
+    struct timeval *timeout;
 };
 #endif
 
-static int nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events);
+static int nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events, struct timeval *timeout);
+
+/**
+ * Wait for the given events on the given file descriptor.
+ * Returns -1 if an error or timeout occurred. +errno+ will be set.
+ * Returns the event mask if an event occurred.
+ */
+static inline int
+io_internal_wait(VALUE thread, rb_io_t *fptr, int error, int events, struct timeval *timeout)
+{
+    int ready = nogvl_wait_for(thread, fptr, events, timeout);
+
+    if (ready > 0) {
+        return ready;
+    }
+    else if (ready == 0) {
+        errno = ETIMEDOUT;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    errno = error;
+    return -1;
+}
+
 static VALUE
 internal_read_func(void *ptr)
 {
     struct io_internal_read_struct *iis = ptr;
-    ssize_t r;
-retry:
-    r = read(iis->fptr->fd, iis->buf, iis->capa);
-    if (r < 0 && !iis->nonblock) {
-        int e = errno;
-        if (io_again_p(e)) {
-            if (nogvl_wait_for(iis->th, iis->fptr, RB_WAITFD_IN) != -1) {
+    ssize_t result;
+
+    if (iis->timeout && !iis->nonblock) {
+        if (io_internal_wait(iis->th, iis->fptr, 0, RB_WAITFD_IN, iis->timeout) == -1) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+  retry:
+    result = read(iis->fd, iis->buf, iis->capa);
+
+    if (result < 0 && !iis->nonblock) {
+        if (io_again_p(errno)) {
+            if (io_internal_wait(iis->th, iis->fptr, errno, RB_WAITFD_IN, iis->timeout) == -1) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+            else {
                 goto retry;
             }
-            errno = e;
         }
     }
-    return r;
+
+    return result;
 }
 
 #if defined __APPLE__
-# define do_write_retry(code) do {ret = code;} while (ret == -1 && errno == EPROTOTYPE)
+# define do_write_retry(code) do {result = code;} while (result == -1 && errno == EPROTOTYPE)
 #else
-# define do_write_retry(code) ret = code
+# define do_write_retry(code) result = code
 #endif
+
 static VALUE
 internal_write_func(void *ptr)
 {
     struct io_internal_write_struct *iis = ptr;
-    ssize_t ret;
+    ssize_t result;
+
+    if (iis->timeout && !iis->nonblock) {
+        if (io_internal_wait(iis->th, iis->fptr, 0, RB_WAITFD_OUT, iis->timeout) == -1) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+  retry:
     do_write_retry(write(iis->fd, iis->buf, iis->capa));
-    return (VALUE)ret;
+
+    if (result < 0 && !iis->nonblock) {
+        int e = errno;
+        if (io_again_p(e)) {
+            if (io_internal_wait(iis->th, iis->fptr, errno, RB_WAITFD_OUT, iis->timeout) == -1) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+            else {
+                goto retry;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
 }
 
 #ifdef HAVE_WRITEV
@@ -1117,20 +1230,40 @@ static VALUE
 internal_writev_func(void *ptr)
 {
     struct io_internal_writev_struct *iis = ptr;
-    ssize_t ret;
+    ssize_t result;
+
+    if (iis->timeout && !iis->nonblock) {
+        if (io_internal_wait(iis->th, iis->fptr, 0, RB_WAITFD_OUT, iis->timeout) == -1) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+  retry:
     do_write_retry(writev(iis->fd, iis->iov, iis->iovcnt));
-    return (VALUE)ret;
+
+    if (result < 0 && !iis->nonblock) {
+        if (io_again_p(errno)) {
+            if (io_internal_wait(iis->th, iis->fptr, errno, RB_WAITFD_OUT, iis->timeout) == -1) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+            else {
+                goto retry;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
 }
 #endif
 
 static ssize_t
-rb_read_internal(rb_io_t *fptr, void *buf, size_t count)
+rb_io_read_memory(rb_io_t *fptr, void *buf, size_t count)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
         VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read_memory(scheduler, fptr->self, buf, count, 0);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
         }
     }
@@ -1139,56 +1272,91 @@ rb_read_internal(rb_io_t *fptr, void *buf, size_t count)
         .th = rb_thread_current(),
         .fptr = fptr,
         .nonblock = 0,
+        .fd = fptr->fd,
+
         .buf = buf,
-        .capa = count
+        .capa = count,
+        .timeout = NULL,
     };
 
-    return (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_region(internal_read_func, &iis, fptr->fd);
+    struct timeval timeout_storage;
+
+    if (fptr->timeout != Qnil) {
+        timeout_storage = rb_time_interval(fptr->timeout);
+        iis.timeout = &timeout_storage;
+    }
+
+    return (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_read_func, &iis, fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_IN);
 }
 
 static ssize_t
-rb_write_internal(rb_io_t *fptr, const void *buf, size_t count)
+rb_io_write_memory(rb_io_t *fptr, const void *buf, size_t count)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
         VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write_memory(scheduler, fptr->self, buf, count, 0);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
         }
     }
 
     struct io_internal_write_struct iis = {
+        .th = rb_thread_current(),
+        .fptr = fptr,
+        .nonblock = 0,
         .fd = fptr->fd,
+
         .buf = buf,
-        .capa = count
+        .capa = count,
+        .timeout = NULL
     };
 
-    return (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_region(internal_write_func, &iis, fptr->fd);
+    struct timeval timeout_storage;
+
+    if (fptr->timeout != Qnil) {
+        timeout_storage = rb_time_interval(fptr->timeout);
+        iis.timeout = &timeout_storage;
+    }
+
+    return (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_write_func, &iis, fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_OUT);
 }
 
 #ifdef HAVE_WRITEV
 static ssize_t
 rb_writev_internal(rb_io_t *fptr, const struct iovec *iov, int iovcnt)
 {
+    if (!iovcnt) return 0;
+
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < iovcnt; i += 1) {
-            VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write_memory(scheduler, fptr->self, iov[i].iov_base, iov[i].iov_len, 0);
+        // This path assumes at least one `iov`:
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write_memory(scheduler, fptr->self, iov[0].iov_base, iov[0].iov_len, 0);
 
-            if (result != Qundef) {
-                return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
-            }
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
         }
     }
 
     struct io_internal_writev_struct iis = {
+        .th = rb_thread_current(),
+        .fptr = fptr,
+        .nonblock = 0,
         .fd = fptr->fd,
+
         .iov = iov,
         .iovcnt = iovcnt,
+        .timeout = NULL
     };
 
-    return (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_region(internal_writev_func, &iis, fptr->fd);
+    struct timeval timeout_storage;
+
+    if (fptr->timeout != Qnil) {
+        timeout_storage = rb_time_interval(fptr->timeout);
+        iis.timeout = &timeout_storage;
+    }
+
+    return (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_writev_func, &iis, fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_OUT);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -1204,11 +1372,13 @@ io_flush_buffer_sync(void *arg)
         fptr->wbuf.len = 0;
         return 0;
     }
+
     if (0 <= r) {
         fptr->wbuf.off += (int)r;
         fptr->wbuf.len -= (int)r;
         errno = EAGAIN;
     }
+
     return (VALUE)-1;
 }
 
@@ -1216,7 +1386,7 @@ static VALUE
 io_flush_buffer_async(VALUE arg)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr = (rb_io_t *)arg;
-    return rb_thread_io_blocking_region(io_flush_buffer_sync, fptr, fptr->fd);
+    return rb_thread_io_blocking_call(io_flush_buffer_sync, fptr, fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_OUT);
 }
 
 static inline int
@@ -1239,7 +1409,7 @@ io_fflush(rb_io_t *fptr)
         return 0;
 
     while (fptr->wbuf.len > 0 && io_flush_buffer(fptr) != 0) {
-        if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil))
+        if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT))
             return -1;
 
         rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
@@ -1263,6 +1433,10 @@ rb_io_wait(VALUE io, VALUE events, VALUE timeout)
     struct timeval tv_storage;
     struct timeval *tv = NULL;
 
+    if (NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(timeout)) {
+        timeout = fptr->timeout;
+    }
+
     if (timeout != Qnil) {
         tv_storage = rb_time_interval(timeout);
         tv = &tv_storage;
@@ -1288,7 +1462,7 @@ rb_io_wait(VALUE io, VALUE events, VALUE timeout)
 static VALUE
 io_from_fd(int fd)
 {
-    return prep_io(fd, FMODE_PREP, rb_cIO, NULL);
+    return prep_io(fd, FMODE_EXTERNAL, rb_cIO, NULL);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1481,7 +1655,7 @@ make_writeconv(rb_io_t *fptr)
         ecflags = fptr->encs.ecflags & ~ECONV_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_READ_MASK;
         ecopts = fptr->encs.ecopts;
 
-        if (!fptr->encs.enc || (fptr->encs.enc == rb_ascii8bit_encoding() && !fptr->encs.enc2)) {
+        if (!fptr->encs.enc || (rb_is_ascii8bit_enc(fptr->encs.enc) && !fptr->encs.enc2)) {
             /* no encoding conversion */
             fptr->writeconv_pre_ecflags = 0;
             fptr->writeconv_pre_ecopts = Qnil;
@@ -1570,7 +1744,7 @@ io_binwrite_string_internal(rb_io_t *fptr, const char *ptr, long length)
         return result;
     }
     else {
-        return rb_write_internal(fptr, ptr, length);
+        return rb_io_write_memory(fptr, ptr, length);
     }
 }
 #else
@@ -1605,7 +1779,7 @@ io_binwrite_string_internal(rb_io_t *fptr, const char *ptr, long length)
     }
 
     // Otherwise, we should write the data directly:
-    return rb_write_internal(fptr, ptr, length);
+    return rb_io_write_memory(fptr, ptr, length);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -1621,19 +1795,17 @@ io_binwrite_string(VALUE arg)
         // Write as much as possible:
         ssize_t result = io_binwrite_string_internal(p->fptr, ptr, remaining);
 
-        // If only the internal buffer is written, result will be zero [bytes of given data written]. This means we
-        // should try again.
         if (result == 0) {
-            errno = EWOULDBLOCK;
+            // If only the internal buffer is written, result will be zero [bytes of given data written]. This means we
+            // should try again immediately.
         }
-
-        if (result > 0) {
+        else if (result > 0) {
             if ((size_t)result == remaining) break;
             ptr += result;
             remaining -= result;
         }
         // Wait for it to become writable:
-        else if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, p->fptr->self, Qnil)) {
+        else if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, p->fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
             rb_io_check_closed(p->fptr);
         }
         else {
@@ -1664,7 +1836,7 @@ io_allocate_write_buffer(rb_io_t *fptr, int sync)
 static inline int
 io_binwrite_requires_flush_write(rb_io_t *fptr, long len, int nosync)
 {
-    // If the requested operation was synchronous and the output mode is synchronus or a TTY:
+    // If the requested operation was synchronous and the output mode is synchronous or a TTY:
     if (!nosync && (fptr->mode & (FMODE_SYNC|FMODE_TTY)))
         return 1;
 
@@ -1867,7 +2039,7 @@ io_binwritev_internal(VALUE arg)
     while (remaining) {
         long result = rb_writev_internal(fptr, iov, iovcnt);
 
-        if (result > 0) {
+        if (result >= 0) {
             offset += result;
             if (fptr->wbuf.ptr && fptr->wbuf.len) {
                 if (offset < (size_t)fptr->wbuf.len) {
@@ -1900,7 +2072,7 @@ io_binwritev_internal(VALUE arg)
             iov->iov_base = (char *)iov->iov_base + result;
             iov->iov_len -= result;
         }
-        else if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil)) {
+        else if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
             rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
         }
         else {
@@ -2065,7 +2237,8 @@ io_writev(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
  *    write(*objects) -> integer
  *
  *  Writes each of the given +objects+ to +self+,
- *  which must be opened for writing (see IO@Modes);
+ *  which must be opened for writing
+ *  (see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes]);
  *  returns the total number bytes written;
  *  each of +objects+ that is not a string is converted via method +to_s+:
  *
@@ -2077,6 +2250,7 @@ io_writev(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
  *    Hello, World!
  *    foobar2
  *
+ *  Related: IO#read.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2124,7 +2298,7 @@ rb_io_writev(VALUE io, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
  *    self << object -> self
  *
  *  Writes the given +object+ to +self+,
- *  which must be opened for writing (see IO@Modes);
+ *  which must be opened for writing (see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes]);
  *  returns +self+;
  *  if +object+ is not a string, it is converted via method +to_s+:
  *
@@ -2215,16 +2389,13 @@ rb_io_flush(VALUE io)
  *    f.close
  *
  *  Related: IO#pos=, IO#seek.
- *
- *  IO#pos is an alias for IO#tell.
- *
  */
 
 static VALUE
 rb_io_tell(VALUE io)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
-    off_t pos;
+    rb_off_t pos;
 
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     pos = io_tell(fptr);
@@ -2237,7 +2408,7 @@ static VALUE
 rb_io_seek(VALUE io, VALUE offset, int whence)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
-    off_t pos;
+    rb_off_t pos;
 
     pos = NUM2OFFT(offset);
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
@@ -2348,7 +2519,7 @@ static VALUE
 rb_io_set_pos(VALUE io, VALUE offset)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
-    off_t pos;
+    rb_off_t pos;
 
     pos = NUM2OFFT(offset);
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
@@ -2405,12 +2576,12 @@ rb_io_rewind(VALUE io)
 static int
 fptr_wait_readable(rb_io_t *fptr)
 {
-    int ret = rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil);
+    int result = rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
 
-    if (ret)
+    if (result)
         rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
 
-    return ret;
+    return result;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -2429,7 +2600,7 @@ io_fillbuf(rb_io_t *fptr)
     }
     if (fptr->rbuf.len == 0) {
       retry:
-        r = rb_read_internal(fptr, fptr->rbuf.ptr, fptr->rbuf.capa);
+        r = rb_io_read_memory(fptr, fptr->rbuf.ptr, fptr->rbuf.capa);
 
         if (r < 0) {
             if (fptr_wait_readable(fptr))
@@ -2466,7 +2637,7 @@ io_fillbuf(rb_io_t *fptr)
  *    f.close
  *
  *  Raises an exception unless the stream is opened for reading;
- *  see {Mode}[rdoc-ref:IO@Mode].
+ *  see {Mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes].
  *
  *  If +self+ is a stream such as pipe or socket, this method
  *  blocks until the other end sends some data or closes it:
@@ -2485,9 +2656,6 @@ io_fillbuf(rb_io_t *fptr)
  *  Note that this method reads data to the input byte buffer.  So
  *  IO#sysread may not behave as you intend with IO#eof?, unless you
  *  call IO#rewind first (which is not available for some streams).
- *
- *  IO#eof? is an alias for IO#eof.
- *
  */
 
 VALUE
@@ -2678,8 +2846,6 @@ rb_io_fdatasync(VALUE io)
  *    File.open('t.txt').fileno # => 10
  *    f.close
  *
- *  IO#to_i is an alias for IO#fileno.
- *
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -2702,8 +2868,23 @@ rb_io_descriptor(VALUE io)
         return fptr->fd;
     }
     else {
-        return RB_NUM2INT(rb_funcall(io, id_fileno, 0));
+        VALUE fileno = rb_check_funcall(io, id_fileno, 0, NULL);
+        if (!UNDEF_P(fileno)) {
+            return RB_NUM2INT(fileno);
+        }
     }
+
+    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "expected IO or #fileno, %"PRIsVALUE" given", rb_obj_class(io));
+
+    UNREACHABLE_RETURN(-1);
+}
+
+int
+rb_io_mode(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->mode;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2739,6 +2920,29 @@ rb_io_pid(VALUE io)
     return PIDT2NUM(fptr->pid);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    path -> string or nil
+ *
+ *  Returns the path associated with the IO, or +nil+ if there is no path
+ *  associated with the IO. It is not guaranteed that the path exists on
+ *  the filesystem.
+ *
+ *    $stdin.path # => "<STDIN>"
+ *
+ *    File.open("testfile") {|f| f.path} # => "testfile"
+ */
+
+VALUE
+rb_io_path(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr = RFILE(io)->fptr;
+
+    if (!fptr)
+        return Qnil;
+
+    return rb_obj_dup(fptr->pathv);
+}
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
@@ -2821,7 +3025,7 @@ io_bufread(char *ptr, long len, rb_io_t *fptr)
         while (n > 0) {
           again:
             rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
-            c = rb_read_internal(fptr, ptr+offset, n);
+            c = rb_io_read_memory(fptr, ptr+offset, n);
             if (c == 0) break;
             if (c < 0) {
                 if (fptr_wait_readable(fptr))
@@ -2884,8 +3088,8 @@ static long
 remain_size(rb_io_t *fptr)
 {
     struct stat st;
-    off_t siz = READ_DATA_PENDING_COUNT(fptr);
-    off_t pos;
+    rb_off_t siz = READ_DATA_PENDING_COUNT(fptr);
+    rb_off_t pos;
 
     if (fstat(fptr->fd, &st) == 0  && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)
 #if defined(__HAIKU__)
@@ -3061,7 +3265,8 @@ static int
 io_setstrbuf(VALUE *str, long len)
 {
 #ifdef _WIN32
-    len = (len + 1) & ~1L;	/* round up for wide char */
+    if (len > 0)
+        len = (len + 1) & ~1L;	/* round up for wide char */
 #endif
     if (NIL_P(*str)) {
         *str = rb_str_new(0, len);
@@ -3069,14 +3274,17 @@ io_setstrbuf(VALUE *str, long len)
     }
     else {
         VALUE s = StringValue(*str);
+        rb_str_modify(s);
+
         long clen = RSTRING_LEN(s);
         if (clen >= len) {
-            rb_str_modify(s);
             return FALSE;
         }
         len -= clen;
     }
-    rb_str_modify_expand(*str, len);
+    if ((rb_str_capacity(*str) - (size_t)RSTRING_LEN(*str)) < (size_t)len) {
+        rb_str_modify_expand(*str, len);
+    }
     return FALSE;
 }
 
@@ -3159,7 +3367,17 @@ read_all(rb_io_t *fptr, long siz, VALUE str)
             pos += rb_str_coderange_scan_restartable(RSTRING_PTR(str) + pos, RSTRING_PTR(str) + bytes, enc, &cr);
         if (bytes < siz) break;
         siz += BUFSIZ;
-        rb_str_modify_expand(str, BUFSIZ);
+
+        size_t capa = rb_str_capacity(str);
+        if (capa < (size_t)RSTRING_LEN(str) + BUFSIZ) {
+            if (capa < BUFSIZ) {
+                capa = BUFSIZ;
+            }
+            else if (capa > IO_MAX_BUFFER_GROWTH) {
+                capa = IO_MAX_BUFFER_GROWTH;
+            }
+            rb_str_modify_expand(str, capa);
+        }
     }
     if (shrinkable) io_shrink_read_string(str, RSTRING_LEN(str));
     str = io_enc_str(str, fptr);
@@ -3176,7 +3394,7 @@ rb_io_set_nonblock(rb_io_t *fptr)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-read_internal_call(VALUE arg)
+io_read_memory_call(VALUE arg)
 {
     struct io_internal_read_struct *iis = (struct io_internal_read_struct *)arg;
 
@@ -3184,19 +3402,24 @@ read_internal_call(VALUE arg)
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
         VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read_memory(scheduler, iis->fptr->self, iis->buf, iis->capa, 0);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             // This is actually returned as a pseudo-VALUE and later cast to a long:
             return (VALUE)rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
         }
     }
 
-    return rb_thread_io_blocking_region(internal_read_func, iis, iis->fptr->fd);
+    if (iis->nonblock) {
+        return rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_read_func, iis, iis->fptr->fd, 0);
+    }
+    else {
+        return rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_read_func, iis, iis->fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_IN);
+    }
 }
 
 static long
-read_internal_locktmp(VALUE str, struct io_internal_read_struct *iis)
+io_read_memory_locktmp(VALUE str, struct io_internal_read_struct *iis)
 {
-    return (long)rb_str_locktmp_ensure(str, read_internal_call, (VALUE)iis);
+    return (long)rb_str_locktmp_ensure(str, io_read_memory_call, (VALUE)iis);
 }
 
 #define no_exception_p(opts) !rb_opts_exception_p((opts), TRUE)
@@ -3238,9 +3461,11 @@ io_getpartial(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io, int no_exception, int nonblock)
         iis.th = rb_thread_current();
         iis.fptr = fptr;
         iis.nonblock = nonblock;
+        iis.fd = fptr->fd;
         iis.buf = RSTRING_PTR(str);
         iis.capa = len;
-        n = read_internal_locktmp(str, &iis);
+        iis.timeout = NULL;
+        n = io_read_memory_locktmp(str, &iis);
         if (n < 0) {
             int e = errno;
             if (!nonblock && fptr_wait_readable(fptr))
@@ -3401,13 +3626,15 @@ io_read_nonblock(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE io, VALUE length, VALUE str,
 
     n = read_buffered_data(RSTRING_PTR(str), len, fptr);
     if (n <= 0) {
-        rb_io_set_nonblock(fptr);
+        rb_fd_set_nonblock(fptr->fd);
         shrinkable |= io_setstrbuf(&str, len);
         iis.fptr = fptr;
         iis.nonblock = 1;
+        iis.fd = fptr->fd;
         iis.buf = RSTRING_PTR(str);
         iis.capa = len;
-        n = read_internal_locktmp(str, &iis);
+        iis.timeout = NULL;
+        n = io_read_memory_locktmp(str, &iis);
         if (n < 0) {
             int e = errno;
             if (io_again_p(e)) {
@@ -3446,7 +3673,7 @@ io_write_nonblock(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE io, VALUE str, VALUE ex)
     if (io_fflush(fptr) < 0)
         rb_sys_fail_on_write(fptr);
 
-    rb_io_set_nonblock(fptr);
+    rb_fd_set_nonblock(fptr->fd);
     n = write(fptr->fd, RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str));
     RB_GC_GUARD(str);
 
@@ -3468,14 +3695,13 @@ io_write_nonblock(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE io, VALUE str, VALUE ex)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    read(maxlen = nil)             -> string or nil
- *    read(maxlen = nil, out_string) -> out_string or nil
+ *    read(maxlen = nil, out_string = nil) -> new_string, out_string, or nil
  *
- *  Reads bytes from the stream (in binary mode):
+ *  Reads bytes from the stream; the stream must be opened for reading
+ *  (see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes]):
  *
- *  - If +maxlen+ is +nil+, reads all bytes.
- *  - Otherwise reads +maxlen+ bytes, if available.
- *  - Otherwise reads all bytes.
+ *  - If +maxlen+ is +nil+, reads all bytes using the stream's data mode.
+ *  - Otherwise reads up to +maxlen+ bytes in binary mode.
  *
  *  Returns a string (either a new string or the given +out_string+)
  *  containing the bytes read.
@@ -3535,6 +3761,7 @@ io_write_nonblock(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE io, VALUE str, VALUE ex)
  *  If you need the behavior like a single read(2) system call,
  *  consider #readpartial, #read_nonblock, and #sysread.
  *
+ *  Related: IO#write.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -3798,7 +4025,7 @@ extract_getline_opts(VALUE opts, struct getline_arg *args)
             kwds[0] = rb_intern_const("chomp");
         }
         rb_get_kwargs(opts, kwds, 0, -2, &vchomp);
-        chomp = (vchomp != Qundef) && RTEST(vchomp);
+        chomp = (!UNDEF_P(vchomp)) && RTEST(vchomp);
     }
     args->chomp = chomp;
 }
@@ -3929,8 +4156,7 @@ rb_io_getline_0(VALUE rs, long limit, int chomp, rb_io_t *fptr)
                 s = RSTRING_PTR(str);
                 e = RSTRING_END(str);
                 p = e - rslen;
-                pp = rb_enc_left_char_head(s, p, e, enc);
-                if (pp != p) continue;
+                if (!at_char_boundary(s, p, e, enc)) continue;
                 if (!rspara) rscheck(rsptr, rslen, rs);
                 if (memcmp(p, rsptr, rslen) == 0) {
                     if (chomp) {
@@ -4019,13 +4245,13 @@ rb_io_gets_internal(VALUE io)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    gets(sep = $/, **line_opts)   -> string or nil
- *    gets(limit, **line_opts)      -> string or nil
- *    gets(sep, limit, **line_opts) -> string or nil
+ *    gets(sep = $/, chomp: false)   -> string or nil
+ *    gets(limit, chomp: false)      -> string or nil
+ *    gets(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string or nil
  *
- *  Reads and returns a line from the stream
- *  (see {Lines}[rdoc-ref:IO@Lines]);
+ *  Reads and returns a line from the stream;
  *  assigns the return value to <tt>$_</tt>.
+ *  See {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  *  With no arguments given, returns the next line
  *  as determined by line separator <tt>$/</tt>, or +nil+ if none:
@@ -4063,7 +4289,7 @@ rb_io_gets_internal(VALUE io)
  *
  *  With only integer argument +limit+ given,
  *  limits the number of bytes in the line;
- *  see {Line Limit}}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Limit]:
+ *  see {Line Limit}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Limit]:
  *
  *    # No more than one line.
  *    File.open('t.txt') {|f| f.gets(10) } # => "First line"
@@ -4077,8 +4303,8 @@ rb_io_gets_internal(VALUE io)
  *    or +nil+ if none.
  *  - But returns no more bytes than are allowed by the limit.
  *
- *  For all forms above, optional keyword arguments +line_opts+ specify
- *  {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Options]:
+ *  Optional keyword argument +chomp+ specifies whether line separators
+ *  are to be omitted:
  *
  *    f = File.open('t.txt')
  *    # Chomp the lines.
@@ -4107,8 +4333,8 @@ rb_io_gets_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
  *  call-seq:
  *    lineno -> integer
  *
- *  Returns the current line number for the stream.
- *  See {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
+ *  Returns the current line number for the stream;
+ *  see {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
  *
  */
 
@@ -4126,8 +4352,8 @@ rb_io_lineno(VALUE io)
  *  call-seq:
  *    lineno = integer -> integer
  *
- *  Sets and returns the line number for the stream.
- *  See {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
+ *  Sets and returns the line number for the stream;
+ *  see {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
  *
  */
 
@@ -4142,20 +4368,28 @@ rb_io_set_lineno(VALUE io, VALUE lineno)
     return lineno;
 }
 
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *    readline(sep = $/, **line_opts)   -> string
- *    readline(limit, **line_opts)      -> string
- *    readline(sep, limit, **line_opts) -> string
- *
- *  Reads a line as with IO#gets, but raises EOFError if already at end-of-file.
- *
- */
-
+/* :nodoc: */
 static VALUE
-rb_io_readline(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+io_readline(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE io, VALUE sep, VALUE lim, VALUE chomp)
 {
-    VALUE line = rb_io_gets_m(argc, argv, io);
+    if (NIL_P(lim)) {
+        // If sep is specified, but it's not a string and not nil, then assume
+        // it's the limit (it should be an integer)
+        if (!NIL_P(sep) && NIL_P(rb_check_string_type(sep))) {
+            // If the user has specified a non-nil / non-string value
+            // for the separator, we assume it's the limit and set the
+            // separator to default: rb_rs.
+            lim = sep;
+            sep = rb_rs;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!NIL_P(sep)) {
+        StringValue(sep);
+    }
+
+    VALUE line = rb_io_getline_1(sep, NIL_P(lim) ? -1L : NUM2LONG(lim), RTEST(chomp), io);
+    rb_lastline_set_up(line, 1);
 
     if (NIL_P(line)) {
         rb_eof_error();
@@ -4167,13 +4401,13 @@ static VALUE io_readlines(const struct getline_arg *arg, VALUE io);
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    readlines(sep = $/, **line_opts)   -> array
- *    readlines(limit, **line_opts)       -> array
- *    readlines(sep, limit, **line_opts) -> array
+ *    readlines(sep = $/, chomp: false)   -> array
+ *    readlines(limit, chomp: false)       -> array
+ *    readlines(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> array
  *
- *  Reads and returns all remaining line from the stream
- *  (see {Lines}[rdoc-ref:IO@Lines]);
+ *  Reads and returns all remaining line from the stream;
  *  does not modify <tt>$_</tt>.
+ *  See {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  *  With no arguments given, returns lines
  *  as determined by line separator <tt>$/</tt>, or +nil+ if none:
@@ -4221,8 +4455,8 @@ static VALUE io_readlines(const struct getline_arg *arg, VALUE io);
  *  - Returns lines as determined by line separator +sep+.
  *  - But returns no more bytes in a line than are allowed by the limit.
  *
- *  For all forms above, optional keyword arguments +line_opts+ specify
- *  {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Options]:
+ *  Optional keyword argument +chomp+ specifies whether line separators
+ *  are to be omitted:
  *
  *    f = File.new('t.txt')
  *    f.readlines(chomp: true)
@@ -4256,15 +4490,15 @@ io_readlines(const struct getline_arg *arg, VALUE io)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    each_line(sep = $/, **line_opts) {|line| ... }   -> self
- *    each_line(limit, **line_opts) {|line| ... }      -> self
- *    each_line(sep, limit, **line_opts) {|line| ... } -> self
+ *    each_line(sep = $/, chomp: false) {|line| ... }   -> self
+ *    each_line(limit, chomp: false) {|line| ... }      -> self
+ *    each_line(sep, limit, chomp: false) {|line| ... } -> self
  *    each_line                                   -> enumerator
  *
- *  Calls the block with each remaining line read from the stream
- *  (see {Lines}[rdoc-ref:IO@Lines]);
- *  does nothing if already at end-of-file;
+ *  Calls the block with each remaining line read from the stream;
  *  returns +self+.
+ *  Does nothing if already at end-of-stream;
+ *  See {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  *  With no arguments given, reads lines
  *  as determined by line separator <tt>$/</tt>:
@@ -4320,7 +4554,7 @@ io_readlines(const struct getline_arg *arg, VALUE io)
  *
  *  With only integer argument +limit+ given,
  *  limits the number of bytes in each line;
- *  see {Line Limit}}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Limit]:
+ *  see {Line Limit}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Limit]:
  *
  *    f = File.new('t.txt')
  *    f.each_line(8) {|line| p line }
@@ -4344,8 +4578,8 @@ io_readlines(const struct getline_arg *arg, VALUE io)
  *  - Calls with the next line as determined by line separator +sep+.
  *  - But returns no more bytes than are allowed by the limit.
  *
- *  For all forms above, optional keyword arguments +line_opts+ specify
- *  {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Options]:
+ *  Optional keyword argument +chomp+ specifies whether line separators
+ *  are to be omitted:
  *
  *    f = File.new('t.txt')
  *    f.each_line(chomp: true) {|line| p line }
@@ -4360,9 +4594,6 @@ io_readlines(const struct getline_arg *arg, VALUE io)
  *    "Fifth line"
  *
  *  Returns an Enumerator if no block is given.
- *
- *  IO#each is an alias for IO#each_line.
- *
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -4386,7 +4617,8 @@ rb_io_each_line(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
  *    each_byte {|byte| ... } -> self
  *    each_byte               -> enumerator
  *
- *  Calls the given block with each byte (0..255) in the stream; returns +self+:
+ *  Calls the given block with each byte (0..255) in the stream; returns +self+.
+ *  See {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  *
  *    f = File.new('t.rus')
  *    a = []
@@ -4533,7 +4765,8 @@ io_getc(rb_io_t *fptr, rb_encoding *enc)
  *    each_char {|c| ... } -> self
  *    each_char            -> enumerator
  *
- *  Calls the given block with each character in the stream; returns +self+:
+ *  Calls the given block with each character in the stream; returns +self+.
+ *  See {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  *
  *    f = File.new('t.rus')
  *    a = []
@@ -4694,7 +4927,8 @@ rb_io_each_codepoint(VALUE io)
  *    getc -> character or nil
  *
  *  Reads and returns the next 1-character string from the stream;
- *  returns +nil+ if already at end-of-file:
+ *  returns +nil+ if already at end-of-stream.
+ *  See {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  *
  *    f = File.open('t.txt')
  *    f.getc     # => "F"
@@ -4726,7 +4960,8 @@ rb_io_getc(VALUE io)
  *    readchar -> string
  *
  *  Reads and returns the next 1-character string from the stream;
- *  raises EOFError if already at end-of-file:
+ *  raises EOFError if already at end-of-stream.
+ *  See {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  *
  *    f = File.open('t.txt')
  *    f.readchar     # => "F"
@@ -4755,7 +4990,8 @@ rb_io_readchar(VALUE io)
  *    getbyte -> integer or nil
  *
  *  Reads and returns the next byte (in range 0..255) from the stream;
- *  returns +nil+ if already at end-of-file:
+ *  returns +nil+ if already at end-of-stream.
+ *  See {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  *
  *    f = File.open('t.txt')
  *    f.getbyte # => 70
@@ -4765,7 +5001,6 @@ rb_io_readchar(VALUE io)
  *    f.close
  *
  *  Related: IO#readbyte (may raise EOFError).
- *
  */
 
 VALUE
@@ -4799,7 +5034,8 @@ rb_io_getbyte(VALUE io)
  *    readbyte -> integer
  *
  *  Reads and returns the next byte (in range 0..255) from the stream;
- *  raises EOFError if already at end-of-file:
+ *  raises EOFError if already at end-of-stream.
+ *  See {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  *
  *    f = File.open('t.txt')
  *    f.readbyte # => 70
@@ -4830,10 +5066,11 @@ rb_io_readbyte(VALUE io)
  *
  *  Pushes back ("unshifts") the given data onto the stream's buffer,
  *  placing the data so that it is next to be read; returns +nil+.
+ *  See {Byte IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Byte+IO].
  *
  *  Note that:
  *
- *  - Calling the method hs no effect with unbuffered reads (such as IO#sysread).
+ *  - Calling the method has no effect with unbuffered reads (such as IO#sysread).
  *  - Calling #rewind on the stream discards the pushed-back data.
  *
  *  When argument +integer+ is given, uses only its low-order byte:
@@ -4890,10 +5127,11 @@ rb_io_ungetbyte(VALUE io, VALUE b)
  *
  *  Pushes back ("unshifts") the given data onto the stream's buffer,
  *  placing the data so that it is next to be read; returns +nil+.
+ *  See {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  *
  *  Note that:
  *
- *  - Calling the method hs no effect with unbuffered reads (such as IO#sysread).
+ *  - Calling the method has no effect with unbuffered reads (such as IO#sysread).
  *  - Calling #rewind on the stream discards the pushed-back data.
  *
  *  When argument +integer+ is given, interprets the integer as a character:
@@ -4974,10 +5212,10 @@ rb_io_ungetc(VALUE io, VALUE c)
  *  Returns +true+ if the stream is associated with a terminal device (tty),
  *  +false+ otherwise:
  *
- *     File.new('t.txt').isatty    #=> false
- *     File.new('/dev/tty').isatty #=> true
- *
- *  IO#tty? is an alias for IO#isatty.
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt').isatty    #=> false
+ *    f.close
+ *    f = File.new('/dev/tty').isatty #=> true
+ *    f.close
  *
  */
 
@@ -5039,7 +5277,7 @@ rb_io_close_on_exec_p(VALUE io)
  *
  *  Sets a close-on-exec flag.
  *
- *     f = open("/dev/null")
+ *     f = File.open(File::NULL)
  *     f.close_on_exec = true
  *     system("cat", "/proc/self/fd/#{f.fileno}") # cat: /proc/self/fd/3: No such file or directory
  *     f.closed?                #=> false
@@ -5090,7 +5328,7 @@ rb_io_set_close_on_exec(VALUE io, VALUE arg)
 #define rb_io_set_close_on_exec rb_f_notimplement
 #endif
 
-#define IS_PREP_STDIO(f) ((f)->mode & FMODE_PREP)
+#define RUBY_IO_EXTERNAL_P(f) ((f)->mode & FMODE_EXTERNAL)
 #define PREP_STDIO_NAME(f) (RSTRING_PTR((f)->pathv))
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5109,13 +5347,13 @@ finish_writeconv(rb_io_t *fptr, int noalloc)
             res = rb_econv_convert(fptr->writeconv, NULL, NULL, &dp, de, 0);
             while (dp-ds) {
                 size_t remaining = dp-ds;
-                long result = rb_write_internal(fptr, ds, remaining);
+                long result = rb_io_write_memory(fptr, ds, remaining);
 
                 if (result > 0) {
                     ds += result;
                     if ((size_t)result == remaining) break;
                 }
-                else if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, Qnil)) {
+                else if (rb_io_maybe_wait_writable(errno, fptr->self, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) {
                     if (fptr->fd < 0)
                         return noalloc ? Qtrue : rb_exc_new3(rb_eIOError, rb_str_new_cstr(closed_stream));
                 }
@@ -5209,7 +5447,7 @@ static void clear_codeconv(rb_io_t *fptr);
 
 static void
 fptr_finalize_flush(rb_io_t *fptr, int noraise, int keepgvl,
-                    struct ccan_list_head *busy)
+                    struct rb_io_close_wait_list *busy)
 {
     VALUE error = Qnil;
     int fd = fptr->fd;
@@ -5240,7 +5478,7 @@ fptr_finalize_flush(rb_io_t *fptr, int noraise, int keepgvl,
 
     int done = 0;
 
-    if (IS_PREP_STDIO(fptr) || fd <= 2) {
+    if (RUBY_IO_EXTERNAL_P(fptr) || fd <= 2) {
         // Need to keep FILE objects of stdin, stdout and stderr, so we are done:
         done = 1;
     }
@@ -5252,7 +5490,7 @@ fptr_finalize_flush(rb_io_t *fptr, int noraise, int keepgvl,
     // Ensure waiting_fd users do not hit EBADF.
     if (busy) {
         // Wait for them to exit before we call close().
-        do rb_thread_schedule(); while (!ccan_list_empty(busy));
+        rb_notify_fd_close_wait(busy);
     }
 
     // Disable for now.
@@ -5260,7 +5498,7 @@ fptr_finalize_flush(rb_io_t *fptr, int noraise, int keepgvl,
     //     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     //     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
     //         VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_close(scheduler, fptr->self);
-    //         if (result != Qundef) done = 1;
+    //         if (!UNDEF_P(result)) done = 1;
     //     }
     // }
 
@@ -5354,12 +5592,9 @@ clear_codeconv(rb_io_t *fptr)
     clear_writeconv(fptr);
 }
 
-void
-rb_io_fptr_finalize_internal(void *ptr)
+static void
+rb_io_fptr_cleanup_all(rb_io_t *fptr)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr = ptr;
-
-    if (!ptr) return;
     fptr->pathv = Qnil;
     if (0 <= fptr->fd)
         rb_io_fptr_cleanup(fptr, TRUE);
@@ -5367,7 +5602,14 @@ rb_io_fptr_finalize_internal(void *ptr)
     free_io_buffer(&fptr->rbuf);
     free_io_buffer(&fptr->wbuf);
     clear_codeconv(fptr);
-    free(fptr);
+}
+
+void
+rb_io_fptr_finalize_internal(void *ptr)
+{
+    if (!ptr) return;
+    rb_io_fptr_cleanup_all(ptr);
+    free(ptr);
 }
 
 #undef rb_io_fptr_finalize
@@ -5403,16 +5645,14 @@ rb_io_memsize(const rb_io_t *fptr)
 # define KEEPGVL FALSE
 #endif
 
-int rb_notify_fd_close(int fd, struct ccan_list_head *);
 static rb_io_t *
 io_close_fptr(VALUE io)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     VALUE write_io;
     rb_io_t *write_fptr;
-    struct ccan_list_head busy;
+    struct rb_io_close_wait_list busy;
 
-    ccan_list_head_init(&busy);
     write_io = GetWriteIO(io);
     if (io != write_io) {
         write_fptr = RFILE(write_io)->fptr;
@@ -5456,12 +5696,32 @@ rb_io_close(VALUE io)
  *  call-seq:
  *    close -> nil
  *
- *  Closes the stream, if it is open, after flushing any buffered writes
- *  to the operating system; does nothing if the stream is already closed.
- *  A stream is automatically closed when claimed by the garbage collector.
+ *  Closes the stream for both reading and writing
+ *  if open for either or both; returns +nil+.
+ *  See {Open and Closed Streams}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+and+Closed+Streams].
  *
- *  If the stream was opened by IO.popen, #close sets global variable <tt>$?</tt>.
+ *  If the stream is open for writing, flushes any buffered writes
+ *  to the operating system before closing.
  *
+ *  If the stream was opened by IO.popen, sets global variable <tt>$?</tt>
+ *  (child exit status).
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    IO.popen('ruby', 'r+') do |pipe|
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close
+ *      puts $?
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *    end
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    false
+ *    pid 13760 exit 0
+ *    true
+ *
+ *  Related: IO#close_read, IO#close_write, IO#closed?.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5499,7 +5759,7 @@ static VALUE
 io_close(VALUE io)
 {
     VALUE closed = rb_check_funcall(io, rb_intern("closed?"), 0, 0);
-    if (closed != Qundef && RTEST(closed)) return io;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(closed) && RTEST(closed)) return io;
     rb_rescue2(io_call_close, io, ignore_closed_stream, io,
                rb_eIOError, (VALUE)0);
     return io;
@@ -5510,22 +5770,27 @@ io_close(VALUE io)
  *    closed? -> true or false
  *
  *  Returns +true+ if the stream is closed for both reading and writing,
- *  +false+ otherwise:
+ *  +false+ otherwise.
+ *  See {Open and Closed Streams}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+and+Closed+Streams].
  *
- *    f = File.new('t.txt')
- *    f.close        # => nil
- *    f.closed?      # => true
- *    f = IO.popen('/bin/sh','r+')
- *    f.close_write  # => nil
- *    f.closed?      # => false
- *    f.close_read   # => nil
- *    f.closed?      # => true
+ *    IO.popen('ruby', 'r+') do |pipe|
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close_read
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close_write
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *    end
+ *
+ *  Output:
+ *
+ *    false
+ *    false
+ *    true
  *
+ *  Related: IO#close_read, IO#close_write, IO#close.
  */
-
-
-static VALUE
-rb_io_closed(VALUE io)
+VALUE
+rb_io_closed_p(VALUE io)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     VALUE write_io;
@@ -5547,15 +5812,32 @@ rb_io_closed(VALUE io)
  *  call-seq:
  *    close_read -> nil
  *
- *  Closes the read end of a duplexed stream (i.e., one that is both readable
- *  and writable, such as a pipe); does nothing if already closed:
+ *  Closes the stream for reading if open for reading;
+ *  returns +nil+.
+ *  See {Open and Closed Streams}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+and+Closed+Streams].
+ *
+ *  If the stream was opened by IO.popen and is also closed for writing,
+ *  sets global variable <tt>$?</tt> (child exit status).
+ *
+ *  Example:
+ *
+ *    IO.popen('ruby', 'r+') do |pipe|
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close_write
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close_read
+ *      puts $?
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *    end
  *
- *    f = IO.popen('/bin/sh','r+')
- *    f.close_read
- *    f.readlines # Raises IOError
+ *  Output:
  *
- *  Raises an exception if the stream is not duplexed.
+ *    false
+ *    false
+ *    pid 14748 exit 0
+ *    true
  *
+ *  Related: IO#close, IO#close_write, IO#closed?.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5603,13 +5885,32 @@ rb_io_close_read(VALUE io)
  *  call-seq:
  *    close_write -> nil
  *
- *  Closes the write end of a duplexed stream (i.e., one that is both readable
- *  and writable, such as a pipe); does nothing if already closed:
+ *  Closes the stream for writing if open for writing;
+ *  returns +nil+.
+ *  See {Open and Closed Streams}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+and+Closed+Streams].
+ *
+ *  Flushes any buffered writes to the operating system before closing.
+ *
+ *  If the stream was opened by IO.popen and is also closed for reading,
+ *  sets global variable <tt>$?</tt> (child exit status).
+ *
+ *    IO.popen('ruby', 'r+') do |pipe|
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close_read
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *      pipe.close_write
+ *      puts $?
+ *      puts pipe.closed?
+ *    end
+ *
+ *  Output:
  *
- *    f = IO.popen('/bin/sh', 'r+')
- *    f.close_write
- *    f.print 'nowhere' # Raises IOError.
+ *    false
+ *    false
+ *    pid 15044 exit 0
+ *    true
  *
+ *  Related: IO#close, IO#close_read, IO#closed?.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -5662,7 +5963,7 @@ rb_io_sysseek(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     VALUE offset, ptrname;
     int whence = SEEK_SET;
     rb_io_t *fptr;
-    off_t pos;
+    rb_off_t pos;
 
     if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &offset, &ptrname) == 2) {
         whence = interpret_seek_whence(ptrname);
@@ -5722,7 +6023,7 @@ rb_io_syswrite(VALUE io, VALUE str)
 
     tmp = rb_str_tmp_frozen_acquire(str);
     RSTRING_GETMEM(tmp, ptr, len);
-    n = rb_write_internal(fptr, ptr, len);
+    n = rb_io_write_memory(fptr, ptr, len);
     if (n < 0) rb_sys_fail_path(fptr->pathv);
     rb_str_tmp_frozen_release(str, tmp);
 
@@ -5768,9 +6069,11 @@ rb_io_sysread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     iis.th = rb_thread_current();
     iis.fptr = fptr;
     iis.nonblock = 0;
+    iis.fd = fptr->fd;
     iis.buf = RSTRING_PTR(str);
     iis.capa = ilen;
-    n = read_internal_locktmp(str, &iis);
+    iis.timeout = NULL;
+    n = io_read_memory_locktmp(str, &iis);
 
     if (n < 0) {
         rb_sys_fail_path(fptr->pathv);
@@ -5785,28 +6088,37 @@ rb_io_sysread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     return str;
 }
 
-#if defined(HAVE_PREAD) || defined(HAVE_PWRITE)
 struct prdwr_internal_arg {
+    VALUE io;
     int fd;
     void *buf;
     size_t count;
-    off_t offset;
+    rb_off_t offset;
 };
-#endif /* HAVE_PREAD || HAVE_PWRITE */
 
-#if defined(HAVE_PREAD)
 static VALUE
-internal_pread_func(void *arg)
+internal_pread_func(void *_arg)
 {
-    struct prdwr_internal_arg *p = arg;
-    return (VALUE)pread(p->fd, p->buf, p->count, p->offset);
+    struct prdwr_internal_arg *arg = _arg;
+
+    return (VALUE)pread(arg->fd, arg->buf, arg->count, arg->offset);
 }
 
 static VALUE
-pread_internal_call(VALUE arg)
+pread_internal_call(VALUE _arg)
 {
-    struct prdwr_internal_arg *p = (struct prdwr_internal_arg *)arg;
-    return rb_thread_io_blocking_region(internal_pread_func, p, p->fd);
+    struct prdwr_internal_arg *arg = (struct prdwr_internal_arg *)_arg;
+
+    VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
+    if (scheduler != Qnil) {
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pread_memory(scheduler, arg->io, arg->offset, arg->buf, arg->count, 0);
+
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_pread_func, arg, arg->fd, RB_WAITFD_IN);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5843,7 +6155,7 @@ rb_io_pread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     VALUE len, offset, str;
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     ssize_t n;
-    struct prdwr_internal_arg arg;
+    struct prdwr_internal_arg arg = {.io = io};
     int shrinkable;
 
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &len, &offset, &str);
@@ -5873,15 +6185,21 @@ rb_io_pread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 
     return str;
 }
-#else
-# define rb_io_pread rb_f_notimplement
-#endif /* HAVE_PREAD */
 
-#if defined(HAVE_PWRITE)
 static VALUE
-internal_pwrite_func(void *ptr)
+internal_pwrite_func(void *_arg)
 {
-    struct prdwr_internal_arg *arg = ptr;
+    struct prdwr_internal_arg *arg = _arg;
+
+    VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
+    if (scheduler != Qnil) {
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pwrite_memory(scheduler, arg->io, arg->offset, arg->buf, arg->count, 0);
+
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result_apply(result);
+        }
+    }
+
 
     return (VALUE)pwrite(arg->fd, arg->buf, arg->count, arg->offset);
 }
@@ -5916,7 +6234,7 @@ rb_io_pwrite(VALUE io, VALUE str, VALUE offset)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     ssize_t n;
-    struct prdwr_internal_arg arg;
+    struct prdwr_internal_arg arg = {.io = io};
     VALUE tmp;
 
     if (!RB_TYPE_P(str, T_STRING))
@@ -5933,15 +6251,12 @@ rb_io_pwrite(VALUE io, VALUE str, VALUE offset)
     arg.buf = RSTRING_PTR(tmp);
     arg.count = (size_t)RSTRING_LEN(tmp);
 
-    n = (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_region(internal_pwrite_func, &arg, fptr->fd);
+    n = (ssize_t)rb_thread_io_blocking_call(internal_pwrite_func, &arg, fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_OUT);
     if (n < 0) rb_sys_fail_path(fptr->pathv);
     rb_str_tmp_frozen_release(str, tmp);
 
     return SSIZET2NUM(n);
 }
-#else
-# define rb_io_pwrite rb_f_notimplement
-#endif /* HAVE_PWRITE */
 
 VALUE
 rb_io_binmode(VALUE io)
@@ -6005,7 +6320,7 @@ rb_io_ascii8bit_binmode(VALUE io)
  *    binmode -> self
  *
  *  Sets the stream's data mode as binary
- *  (see {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:IO@Data+Mode]).
+ *  (see {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Data+Mode]).
  *
  *  A stream's data mode may not be changed from binary to text.
  *
@@ -6029,7 +6344,7 @@ rb_io_binmode_m(VALUE io)
  *    binmode? -> true or false
  *
  *  Returns +true+ if the stream is on binary mode, +false+ otherwise.
- *  See {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:IO@Data+Mode].
+ *  See {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Data+Mode].
  *
  */
 static VALUE
@@ -6264,7 +6579,7 @@ rb_io_ext_int_to_encs(rb_encoding *ext, rb_encoding *intern, rb_encoding **enc,
         ext = rb_default_external_encoding();
         default_ext = 1;
     }
-    if (ext == rb_ascii8bit_encoding()) {
+    if (rb_is_ascii8bit_enc(ext)) {
         /* If external is ASCII-8BIT, no transcoding */
         intern = NULL;
     }
@@ -6372,21 +6687,21 @@ rb_io_extract_encoding_option(VALUE opt, rb_encoding **enc_p, rb_encoding **enc2
         v = rb_hash_lookup2(opt, sym_extenc, Qundef);
         if (v != Qnil) extenc = v;
         v = rb_hash_lookup2(opt, sym_intenc, Qundef);
-        if (v != Qundef) intenc = v;
+        if (!UNDEF_P(v)) intenc = v;
     }
-    if ((extenc != Qundef || intenc != Qundef) && !NIL_P(encoding)) {
+    if ((!UNDEF_P(extenc) || !UNDEF_P(intenc)) && !NIL_P(encoding)) {
         if (!NIL_P(ruby_verbose)) {
             int idx = rb_to_encoding_index(encoding);
             if (idx >= 0) encoding = rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_enc_from_index(idx));
             rb_warn("Ignoring encoding parameter '%"PRIsVALUE"': %s_encoding is used",
-                    encoding, extenc == Qundef ? "internal" : "external");
+                    encoding, UNDEF_P(extenc) ? "internal" : "external");
         }
         encoding = Qnil;
     }
-    if (extenc != Qundef && !NIL_P(extenc)) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(extenc) && !NIL_P(extenc)) {
         extencoding = rb_to_encoding(extenc);
     }
-    if (intenc != Qundef) {
+    if (!UNDEF_P(intenc)) {
         if (NIL_P(intenc)) {
             /* internal_encoding: nil => no transcoding */
             intencoding = (rb_encoding *)Qnil;
@@ -6419,15 +6734,13 @@ rb_io_extract_encoding_option(VALUE opt, rb_encoding **enc_p, rb_encoding **enc2
             rb_io_ext_int_to_encs(rb_to_encoding(encoding), NULL, enc_p, enc2_p, 0);
         }
     }
-    else if (extenc != Qundef || intenc != Qundef) {
+    else if (!UNDEF_P(extenc) || !UNDEF_P(intenc)) {
         extracted = 1;
         rb_io_ext_int_to_encs(extencoding, intencoding, enc_p, enc2_p, 0);
     }
     return extracted;
 }
 
-typedef struct rb_io_enc_t convconfig_t;
-
 static void
 validate_enc_binmode(int *fmode_p, int ecflags, rb_encoding *enc, rb_encoding *enc2)
 {
@@ -6486,7 +6799,7 @@ extract_binmode(VALUE opthash, int *fmode)
 
 void
 rb_io_extract_modeenc(VALUE *vmode_p, VALUE *vperm_p, VALUE opthash,
-        int *oflags_p, int *fmode_p, convconfig_t *convconfig_p)
+        int *oflags_p, int *fmode_p, struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig_p)
 {
     VALUE vmode;
     int oflags, fmode;
@@ -6657,7 +6970,7 @@ rb_sysopen_internal(struct sysopen_struct *data)
 static int
 rb_sysopen(VALUE fname, int oflags, mode_t perm)
 {
-    int fd;
+    int fd = -1;
     struct sysopen_struct data;
 
     data.fname = rb_str_encode_ospath(fname);
@@ -6665,21 +6978,14 @@ rb_sysopen(VALUE fname, int oflags, mode_t perm)
     data.oflags = oflags;
     data.perm = perm;
 
-    fd = rb_sysopen_internal(&data);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        int e = errno;
-        if (rb_gc_for_fd(e)) {
-            fd = rb_sysopen_internal(&data);
-        }
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            rb_syserr_fail_path(e, fname);
-        }
+    TRY_WITH_GC((fd = rb_sysopen_internal(&data)) >= 0) {
+        rb_syserr_fail_path(first_errno, fname);
     }
     return fd;
 }
 
-FILE *
-rb_fdopen(int fd, const char *modestr)
+static inline FILE *
+fdopen_internal(int fd, const char *modestr)
 {
     FILE *file;
 
@@ -6688,26 +6994,22 @@ rb_fdopen(int fd, const char *modestr)
 #endif
     file = fdopen(fd, modestr);
     if (!file) {
-        int e = errno;
-#if defined(__sun)
-        if (e == 0) {
-            rb_gc();
-            errno = 0;
-            file = fdopen(fd, modestr);
-        }
-        else
-#endif
-        if (rb_gc_for_fd(e)) {
-            file = fdopen(fd, modestr);
-        }
-        if (!file) {
 #ifdef _WIN32
-            if (e == 0) e = EINVAL;
+        if (errno == 0) errno = EINVAL;
 #elif defined(__sun)
-            if (e == 0) e = EMFILE;
+        if (errno == 0) errno = EMFILE;
 #endif
-            rb_syserr_fail(e, 0);
-        }
+    }
+    return file;
+}
+
+FILE *
+rb_fdopen(int fd, const char *modestr)
+{
+    FILE *file = 0;
+
+    TRY_WITH_GC((file = fdopen_internal(fd, modestr)) != 0) {
+        rb_syserr_fail(first_errno, 0);
     }
 
     /* xxx: should be _IONBF?  A buffer in FILE may have trouble. */
@@ -6814,11 +7116,11 @@ io_set_encoding_by_bom(VALUE io)
 
 static VALUE
 rb_file_open_generic(VALUE io, VALUE filename, int oflags, int fmode,
-                     const convconfig_t *convconfig, mode_t perm)
+                     const struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig, mode_t perm)
 {
     VALUE pathv;
     rb_io_t *fptr;
-    convconfig_t cc;
+    struct rb_io_encoding cc;
     if (!convconfig) {
         /* Set to default encodings */
         rb_io_ext_int_to_encs(NULL, NULL, &cc.enc, &cc.enc2, fmode);
@@ -6852,7 +7154,7 @@ rb_file_open_internal(VALUE io, VALUE filename, const char *modestr)
 {
     int fmode = rb_io_modestr_fmode(modestr);
     const char *p = strchr(modestr, ':');
-    convconfig_t convconfig;
+    struct rb_io_encoding convconfig;
 
     if (p) {
         parse_mode_enc(p+1, rb_usascii_encoding(),
@@ -6960,7 +7262,7 @@ static void
 fptr_copy_finalizer(rb_io_t *fptr, const rb_io_t *orig)
 {
 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) || !defined(HAVE_WORKING_FORK)
-    void (*const old_finalize)(struct rb_io_t*,int) = fptr->finalize;
+    void (*const old_finalize)(struct rb_io*,int) = fptr->finalize;
 
     if (old_finalize == orig->finalize) return;
 #endif
@@ -6998,12 +7300,7 @@ int
 rb_pipe(int *pipes)
 {
     int ret;
-    ret = rb_cloexec_pipe(pipes);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        if (rb_gc_for_fd(errno)) {
-            ret = rb_cloexec_pipe(pipes);
-        }
-    }
+    TRY_WITH_GC((ret = rb_cloexec_pipe(pipes)) >= 0);
     if (ret == 0) {
         rb_update_max_fd(pipes[0]);
         rb_update_max_fd(pipes[1]);
@@ -7165,7 +7462,7 @@ char *rb_execarg_commandline(const struct rb_execarg *eargp, VALUE *prog);
 #ifndef __EMSCRIPTEN__
 static VALUE
 pipe_open(VALUE execarg_obj, const char *modestr, int fmode,
-          const convconfig_t *convconfig)
+          const struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig)
 {
     struct rb_execarg *eargp = NIL_P(execarg_obj) ? NULL : rb_execarg_get(execarg_obj);
     VALUE prog = eargp ? (eargp->use_shell ? eargp->invoke.sh.shell_script : eargp->invoke.cmd.command_name) : Qfalse ;
@@ -7394,7 +7691,7 @@ pipe_open(VALUE execarg_obj, const char *modestr, int fmode,
 #else
 static VALUE
 pipe_open(VALUE execarg_obj, const char *modestr, int fmode,
-          const convconfig_t *convconfig)
+          const struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig)
 {
     rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError, "popen() is not available");
 }
@@ -7416,7 +7713,7 @@ is_popen_fork(VALUE prog)
 
 static VALUE
 pipe_open_s(VALUE prog, const char *modestr, int fmode,
-            const convconfig_t *convconfig)
+            const struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig)
 {
     int argc = 1;
     VALUE *argv = &prog;
@@ -7460,7 +7757,7 @@ static VALUE popen_finish(VALUE port, VALUE klass);
  *  and the block's value is assigned to global variable <tt>$?</tt> and returned.
  *
  *  Optional argument +mode+ may be any valid \IO mode.
- *  See IO@Modes.
+ *  See {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes].
  *
  *  Required argument +cmd+ determines which of the following occurs:
  *
@@ -7625,7 +7922,7 @@ rb_io_popen(VALUE pname, VALUE pmode, VALUE env, VALUE opt)
     const char *modestr;
     VALUE tmp, execarg_obj = Qnil;
     int oflags, fmode;
-    convconfig_t convconfig;
+    struct rb_io_encoding convconfig;
 
     tmp = rb_check_array_type(pname);
     if (!NIL_P(tmp)) {
@@ -7676,10 +7973,64 @@ popen_finish(VALUE port, VALUE klass)
     return port;
 }
 
+#if defined(HAVE_WORKING_FORK) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+struct popen_writer_arg {
+    char *const *argv;
+    struct popen_arg popen;
+};
+
+static int
+exec_popen_writer(void *arg, char *errmsg, size_t buflen)
+{
+    struct popen_writer_arg *pw = arg;
+    pw->popen.modef = FMODE_WRITABLE;
+    popen_redirect(&pw->popen);
+    execv(pw->argv[0], pw->argv);
+    strlcpy(errmsg, strerror(errno), buflen);
+    return -1;
+}
+#endif
+
+FILE *
+ruby_popen_writer(char *const *argv, rb_pid_t *pid)
+{
+#if (defined(HAVE_WORKING_FORK) && !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)) || defined(_WIN32)
+# ifdef HAVE_WORKING_FORK
+    struct popen_writer_arg pw;
+    int *const write_pair = pw.popen.pair;
+# else
+    int write_pair[2];
+# endif
+
+    int result = rb_cloexec_pipe(write_pair);
+    *pid = -1;
+    if (result == 0) {
+# ifdef HAVE_WORKING_FORK
+        pw.argv = argv;
+        int status;
+        char errmsg[80] = {'\0'};
+        *pid = rb_fork_async_signal_safe(&status, exec_popen_writer, &pw, Qnil, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
+# else
+        *pid = rb_w32_uspawn_process(P_NOWAIT, argv[0], argv, write_pair[0], -1, -1, 0);
+        const char *errmsg = (*pid < 0) ? strerror(errno) : NULL;
+# endif
+        close(write_pair[0]);
+        if (*pid < 0) {
+            close(write_pair[1]);
+            fprintf(stderr, "ruby_popen_writer(%s): %s\n", argv[0], errmsg);
+        }
+        else {
+            return fdopen(write_pair[1], "w");
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    return NULL;
+}
+
 static void
 rb_scan_open_args(int argc, const VALUE *argv,
         VALUE *fname_p, int *oflags_p, int *fmode_p,
-        convconfig_t *convconfig_p, mode_t *perm_p)
+        struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig_p, mode_t *perm_p)
 {
     VALUE opt, fname, vmode, vperm;
     int oflags, fmode;
@@ -7703,7 +8054,7 @@ rb_open_file(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 {
     VALUE fname;
     int oflags, fmode;
-    convconfig_t convconfig;
+    struct rb_io_encoding convconfig;
     mode_t perm;
 
     rb_scan_open_args(argc, argv, &fname, &oflags, &fmode, &convconfig, &perm);
@@ -7719,11 +8070,11 @@ rb_open_file(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
  *    File.open(path, mode = 'r', perm = 0666, **opts) -> file
  *    File.open(path, mode = 'r', perm = 0666, **opts) {|f| ... } -> object
  *
- *  Creates a new \File object, via File.new with the given arguments.
+ *  Creates a new File object, via File.new with the given arguments.
  *
- *  With no block given, returns the \File object.
+ *  With no block given, returns the File object.
  *
- *  With a block given, calls the block with the \File object
+ *  With a block given, calls the block with the File object
  *  and returns the block's value.
  *
  */
@@ -7821,20 +8172,10 @@ check_pipe_command(VALUE filename_or_command)
  *    open(path, mode = 'r', perm = 0666, **opts)             -> io or nil
  *    open(path, mode = 'r', perm = 0666, **opts) {|io| ... } -> obj
  *
- *  Creates an IO object connected to the given stream, file, or subprocess.
- *
- *  Required string argument +path+ determines which of the following occurs:
- *
- *  - The file at the specified +path+ is opened.
- *  - The process forks.
- *  - A subprocess is created.
- *
- *  Each of these is detailed below.
+ *  Creates an IO object connected to the given file.
  *
- *  <b>File Opened</b>
-
- *  If +path+ does _not_ start with a pipe character (<tt>'|'</tt>),
- *  a file stream is opened with <tt>File.open(path, mode, perm, **opts)</tt>.
+ *  This method has potential security vulnerabilities if called with untrusted input;
+ *  see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc].
  *
  *  With no block given, file stream is returned:
  *
@@ -7851,67 +8192,6 @@ check_pipe_command(VALUE filename_or_command)
  *
  *  See File.open for details.
  *
- *  <b>Process Forked</b>
- *
- *  If +path+ is the 2-character string <tt>'|-'</tt>, the process forks
- *  and the child process is connected to the parent.
- *
- *  With no block given:
- *
- *    io = open('|-')
- *    if io
- *      $stderr.puts "In parent, child pid is #{io.pid}."
- *    else
- *      $stderr.puts "In child, pid is #{$$}."
- *    end
- *
- *  Output:
- *
- *    In parent, child pid is 27903.
- *    In child, pid is 27903.
- *
- *  With a block given:
- *
- *    open('|-') do |io|
- *      if io
- *        $stderr.puts "In parent, child pid is #{io.pid}."
- *      else
- *        $stderr.puts "In child, pid is #{$$}."
- *      end
- *    end
- *
- *  Output:
- *
- *    In parent, child pid is 28427.
- *    In child, pid is 28427.
- *
- *  <b>Subprocess Created</b>
- *
- *  If +path+ is <tt>'|command'</tt> (<tt>'command' != '-'</tt>),
- *  a new subprocess runs the command; its open stream is returned.
- *  Note that the command may be processed by shell if it contains
- *  shell metacharacters.
- *
- *  With no block given:
- *
- *    io = open('|echo "Hi!"') # => #<IO:fd 12>
- *    print io.gets
- *    io.close
- *
- *  Output:
- *
- *    "Hi!"
- *
- *  With a block given, calls the block with the stream, then closes the stream:
- *
- *    open('|echo "Hi!"') do |io|
- *      print io.gets
- *    end
- *
- *  Output:
- *
- *    "Hi!"
- *
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -7934,6 +8214,8 @@ rb_f_open(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE _)
             else {
                 VALUE cmd = check_pipe_command(tmp);
                 if (!NIL_P(cmd)) {
+                    // TODO: when removed in 4.0, update command_injection.rdoc
+                    rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(4.0, "Calling Kernel#open with a leading '|'", "IO.popen");
                     argv[0] = cmd;
                     return rb_io_s_popen(argc, argv, rb_cIO);
                 }
@@ -7951,13 +8233,13 @@ rb_f_open(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE _)
     return rb_io_s_open(argc, argv, rb_cFile);
 }
 
-static VALUE rb_io_open_generic(VALUE, VALUE, int, int, const convconfig_t *, mode_t);
+static VALUE rb_io_open_generic(VALUE, VALUE, int, int, const struct rb_io_encoding *, mode_t);
 
 static VALUE
 rb_io_open(VALUE io, VALUE filename, VALUE vmode, VALUE vperm, VALUE opt)
 {
     int oflags, fmode;
-    convconfig_t convconfig;
+    struct rb_io_encoding convconfig;
     mode_t perm;
 
     rb_io_extract_modeenc(&vmode, &vperm, opt, &oflags, &fmode, &convconfig);
@@ -7967,10 +8249,12 @@ rb_io_open(VALUE io, VALUE filename, VALUE vmode, VALUE vperm, VALUE opt)
 
 static VALUE
 rb_io_open_generic(VALUE klass, VALUE filename, int oflags, int fmode,
-                   const convconfig_t *convconfig, mode_t perm)
+                   const struct rb_io_encoding *convconfig, mode_t perm)
 {
     VALUE cmd;
     if (klass == rb_cIO && !NIL_P(cmd = check_pipe_command(filename))) {
+        // TODO: when removed in 4.0, update command_injection.rdoc
+        rb_warn_deprecated_to_remove_at(4.0, "IO process creation with a leading '|'", "IO.popen");
         return pipe_open_s(cmd, rb_io_oflags_modestr(oflags), fmode, convconfig);
     }
     else {
@@ -7984,14 +8268,14 @@ io_reopen(VALUE io, VALUE nfile)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr, *orig;
     int fd, fd2;
-    off_t pos = 0;
+    rb_off_t pos = 0;
 
     nfile = rb_io_get_io(nfile);
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     GetOpenFile(nfile, orig);
 
     if (fptr == orig) return io;
-    if (IS_PREP_STDIO(fptr)) {
+    if (RUBY_IO_EXTERNAL_P(fptr)) {
         if ((fptr->stdio_file == stdin && !(orig->mode & FMODE_READABLE)) ||
             (fptr->stdio_file == stdout && !(orig->mode & FMODE_WRITABLE)) ||
             (fptr->stdio_file == stderr && !(orig->mode & FMODE_WRITABLE))) {
@@ -8017,17 +8301,17 @@ io_reopen(VALUE io, VALUE nfile)
     }
 
     /* copy rb_io_t structure */
-    fptr->mode = orig->mode | (fptr->mode & FMODE_PREP);
+    fptr->mode = orig->mode | (fptr->mode & FMODE_EXTERNAL);
     fptr->pid = orig->pid;
     fptr->lineno = orig->lineno;
     if (RTEST(orig->pathv)) fptr->pathv = orig->pathv;
-    else if (!IS_PREP_STDIO(fptr)) fptr->pathv = Qnil;
+    else if (!RUBY_IO_EXTERNAL_P(fptr)) fptr->pathv = Qnil;
     fptr_copy_finalizer(fptr, orig);
 
     fd = fptr->fd;
     fd2 = orig->fd;
     if (fd != fd2) {
-        if (IS_PREP_STDIO(fptr) || fd <= 2 || !fptr->stdio_file) {
+        if (RUBY_IO_EXTERNAL_P(fptr) || fd <= 2 || !fptr->stdio_file) {
             /* need to keep FILE objects of stdin, stdout and stderr */
             if (rb_cloexec_dup2(fd2, fd) < 0)
                 rb_sys_fail_path(orig->pathv);
@@ -8132,10 +8416,10 @@ rb_io_reopen(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE file)
 
     if (!NIL_P(nmode) || !NIL_P(opt)) {
         int fmode;
-        convconfig_t convconfig;
+        struct rb_io_encoding convconfig;
 
         rb_io_extract_modeenc(&nmode, 0, opt, &oflags, &fmode, &convconfig);
-        if (IS_PREP_STDIO(fptr) &&
+        if (RUBY_IO_EXTERNAL_P(fptr) &&
             ((fptr->mode & FMODE_READWRITE) & (fmode & FMODE_READWRITE)) !=
             (fptr->mode & FMODE_READWRITE)) {
             rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
@@ -8204,7 +8488,7 @@ rb_io_init_copy(VALUE dest, VALUE io)
     rb_io_t *fptr, *orig;
     int fd;
     VALUE write_io;
-    off_t pos;
+    rb_off_t pos;
 
     io = rb_io_get_io(io);
     if (!OBJ_INIT_COPY(dest, io)) return dest;
@@ -8214,10 +8498,11 @@ rb_io_init_copy(VALUE dest, VALUE io)
     rb_io_flush(io);
 
     /* copy rb_io_t structure */
-    fptr->mode = orig->mode & ~FMODE_PREP;
+    fptr->mode = orig->mode & ~FMODE_EXTERNAL;
     fptr->encs = orig->encs;
     fptr->pid = orig->pid;
     fptr->lineno = orig->lineno;
+    fptr->timeout = orig->timeout;
     if (!NIL_P(orig->pathv)) fptr->pathv = orig->pathv;
     fptr_copy_finalizer(fptr, orig);
 
@@ -8328,6 +8613,7 @@ deprecated_str_setter(VALUE val, ID id, VALUE *var)
  *  Writes the given objects to the stream; returns +nil+.
  *  Appends the output record separator <tt>$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>
  *  (<tt>$\\</tt>), if it is not +nil+.
+ *  See {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  *  With argument +objects+ given, for each object:
  *
@@ -8465,6 +8751,7 @@ rb_f_print(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE _)
  *    putc(object) -> object
  *
  *  Writes a character to the stream.
+ *  See {Character IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Character+IO].
  *
  *  If +object+ is numeric, converts to integer if necessary,
  *  then writes the character whose code is the
@@ -8568,15 +8855,16 @@ io_puts_ary(VALUE ary, VALUE out, int recur)
  *  returns +nil+.\
  *  Writes a newline after each that does not already end with a newline sequence.
  *  If called without arguments, writes a newline.
+ *  See {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  *  Note that each added newline is the character <tt>"\n"<//tt>,
  *  not the output record separator (<tt>$\\</tt>).
  *
  *  Treatment for each object:
  *
- *  - \String: writes the string.
+ *  - String: writes the string.
  *  - Neither string nor array: writes <tt>object.to_s</tt>.
- *  - \Array: writes each element of the array; arrays may be nested.
+ *  - Array: writes each element of the array; arrays may be nested.
  *
  *  To keep these examples brief, we define this helper method:
  *
@@ -8609,7 +8897,6 @@ io_puts_ary(VALUE ary, VALUE out, int recur)
 VALUE
 rb_io_puts(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE out)
 {
-    int i, n;
     VALUE line, args[2];
 
     /* if no argument given, print newline. */
@@ -8617,22 +8904,30 @@ rb_io_puts(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE out)
         rb_io_write(out, rb_default_rs);
         return Qnil;
     }
-    for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+        // Convert the argument to a string:
         if (RB_TYPE_P(argv[i], T_STRING)) {
             line = argv[i];
-            goto string;
         }
-        if (rb_exec_recursive(io_puts_ary, argv[i], out)) {
+        else if (rb_exec_recursive(io_puts_ary, argv[i], out)) {
             continue;
         }
-        line = rb_obj_as_string(argv[i]);
-      string:
-        n = 0;
-        args[n++] = line;
-        if (RSTRING_LEN(line) == 0 ||
-            !rb_str_end_with_asciichar(line, '\n')) {
+        else {
+            line = rb_obj_as_string(argv[i]);
+        }
+
+        // Write the line:
+        int n = 0;
+        if (RSTRING_LEN(line) == 0) {
             args[n++] = rb_default_rs;
         }
+        else {
+            args[n++] = line;
+            if (!rb_str_end_with_asciichar(line, '\n')) {
+                args[n++] = rb_default_rs;
+            }
+        }
+
         rb_io_writev(out, n, args);
     }
 
@@ -8725,6 +9020,10 @@ rb_p_result(int argc, const VALUE *argv)
  *     0..4
  *     [0..4, 0..4, 0..4]
  *
+ *  Kernel#p is designed for debugging purposes.
+ *  Ruby implementations may define Kernel#p to be uninterruptible
+ *  in whole or in part.
+ *  On CRuby, Kernel#p's writing of data is uninterruptible.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -8878,25 +9177,78 @@ stderr_getter(ID id, VALUE *ptr)
 }
 
 static VALUE
+allocate_and_open_new_file(VALUE klass)
+{
+    VALUE self = io_alloc(klass);
+    rb_io_make_open_file(self);
+    return self;
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_io_open_descriptor(VALUE klass, int descriptor, int mode, VALUE path, VALUE timeout, struct rb_io_encoding *encoding)
+{
+    int state;
+    VALUE self = rb_protect(allocate_and_open_new_file, klass, &state);
+    if (state) {
+        /* if we raised an exception allocating an IO object, but the caller
+           intended to transfer ownership of this FD to us, close the fd before
+           raising the exception. Otherwise, we would leak a FD - the caller
+           expects GC to close the file, but we never got around to assigning
+           it to a rb_io. */
+        if (!(mode & FMODE_EXTERNAL)) {
+            maygvl_close(descriptor, 0);
+        }
+        rb_jump_tag(state);
+    }
+
+
+    rb_io_t *io = RFILE(self)->fptr;
+    io->self = self;
+    io->fd = descriptor;
+    io->mode = mode;
+
+    /* At this point, Ruby fully owns the descriptor, and will close it when
+       the IO gets GC'd (unless FMODE_EXTERNAL was set), no matter what happens
+       in the rest of this method. */
+
+    if (NIL_P(path)) {
+        io->pathv = Qnil;
+    }
+    else {
+        StringValue(path);
+        io->pathv = rb_str_new_frozen(path);
+    }
+
+    io->timeout = timeout;
+
+    if (encoding) {
+        io->encs = *encoding;
+    }
+
+    rb_update_max_fd(descriptor);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
 prep_io(int fd, int fmode, VALUE klass, const char *path)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fp;
-    VALUE io = io_alloc(klass);
+    VALUE path_value = Qnil;
+    if (path) {
+        path_value = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(path));
+    }
 
-    MakeOpenFile(io, fp);
-    fp->self = io;
-    fp->fd = fd;
-    fp->mode = fmode;
-    if (!io_check_tty(fp)) {
+    VALUE self = rb_io_open_descriptor(klass, fd, fmode, path_value, Qnil, NULL);
+    rb_io_t*io = RFILE(self)->fptr;
+
+    if (!io_check_tty(io)) {
 #ifdef __CYGWIN__
-        fp->mode |= FMODE_BINMODE;
+        io->mode |= FMODE_BINMODE;
         setmode(fd, O_BINARY);
 #endif
     }
-    if (path) fp->pathv = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(path));
-    rb_update_max_fd(fd);
 
-    return io;
+    return self;
 }
 
 VALUE
@@ -8912,7 +9264,7 @@ static VALUE
 prep_stdio(FILE *f, int fmode, VALUE klass, const char *path)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr;
-    VALUE io = prep_io(fileno(f), fmode|FMODE_PREP|DEFAULT_TEXTMODE, klass, path);
+    VALUE io = prep_io(fileno(f), fmode|FMODE_EXTERNAL|DEFAULT_TEXTMODE, klass, path);
 
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     fptr->encs.ecflags |= ECONV_DEFAULT_NEWLINE_DECORATOR;
@@ -8956,7 +9308,7 @@ rb_io_stdio_file(rb_io_t *fptr)
 }
 
 static inline void
-rb_io_buffer_init(rb_io_buffer_t *buf)
+rb_io_buffer_init(struct rb_io_internal_buffer *buf)
 {
     buf->ptr = NULL;
     buf->off = 0;
@@ -8991,6 +9343,7 @@ rb_io_fptr_new(void)
     fp->encs.ecflags = 0;
     fp->encs.ecopts = Qnil;
     fp->write_lock = Qnil;
+    fp->timeout = Qnil;
     return fp;
 }
 
@@ -9034,8 +9387,8 @@ rb_io_make_open_file(VALUE obj)
  *    io = IO.new(fd)
  *    io.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8> # Not ASCII-8BIT.
  *
- *  Optional argument +mode+ (defaults to 'r') must specify a valid mode
- *  see IO@Modes:
+ *  Optional argument +mode+ (defaults to 'r') must specify a valid mode;
+ *  see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes]:
  *
  *    IO.new(fd, 'w')         # => #<IO:fd 3>
  *    IO.new(fd, File::WRONLY) # => #<IO:fd 3>
@@ -9058,7 +9411,7 @@ rb_io_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     VALUE fnum, vmode;
     rb_io_t *fp;
     int fd, fmode, oflags = O_RDONLY;
-    convconfig_t convconfig;
+    struct rb_io_encoding convconfig;
     VALUE opt;
 #if defined(HAVE_FCNTL) && defined(F_GETFL)
     int ofmode;
@@ -9091,14 +9444,27 @@ rb_io_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
         rb_exc_raise(rb_class_new_instance(1, &error, rb_eSystemCallError));
     }
 #endif
-    if (!NIL_P(opt) && rb_hash_aref(opt, sym_autoclose) == Qfalse) {
-        fmode |= FMODE_PREP;
+    VALUE path = Qnil;
+
+    if (!NIL_P(opt)) {
+        if (rb_hash_aref(opt, sym_autoclose) == Qfalse) {
+            fmode |= FMODE_EXTERNAL;
+        }
+
+        path = rb_hash_aref(opt, RB_ID2SYM(idPath));
+        if (!NIL_P(path)) {
+            StringValue(path);
+            path = rb_str_new_frozen(path);
+        }
     }
+
     MakeOpenFile(io, fp);
     fp->self = io;
     fp->fd = fd;
     fp->mode = fmode;
     fp->encs = convconfig;
+    fp->pathv = path;
+    fp->timeout = Qnil;
     clear_codeconv(fp);
     io_check_tty(fp);
     if (fileno(stdin) == fd)
@@ -9161,39 +9527,40 @@ rb_io_set_encoding_by_bom(VALUE io)
  *    File.new(path, mode = 'r', perm = 0666, **opts) -> file
  *
  *  Opens the file at the given +path+ according to the given +mode+;
- *  creates and returns a new \File object for that file.
+ *  creates and returns a new File object for that file.
  *
- *  The new \File object is buffered mode (or non-sync mode), unless
+ *  The new File object is buffered mode (or non-sync mode), unless
  *  +filename+ is a tty.
  *  See IO#flush, IO#fsync, IO#fdatasync, and IO#sync=.
  *
  *  Argument +path+ must be a valid file path:
  *
- *    File.new('/etc/fstab')
- *    File.new('t.txt')
+ *    f = File.new('/etc/fstab')
+ *    f.close
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *    f.close
  *
- *  Optional argument +mode+ (defaults to 'r') must specify a valid mode
- *  see IO@Modes:
+ *  Optional argument +mode+ (defaults to 'r') must specify a valid mode;
+ *  see {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes]:
  *
- *    File.new('t.tmp', 'w')
- *    File.new('t.tmp', File::RDONLY)
+ *    f = File.new('t.tmp', 'w')
+ *    f.close
+ *    f = File.new('t.tmp', File::RDONLY)
+ *    f.close
  *
  *  Optional argument +perm+ (defaults to 0666) must specify valid permissions
- *  see {File Permissions}[rdoc-ref:IO@File+Permissions]:
+ *  see {File Permissions}[rdoc-ref:File@File+Permissions]:
  *
- *    File.new('t.tmp', File::CREAT, 0644)
- *    File.new('t.tmp', File::CREAT, 0444)
+ *    f = File.new('t.tmp', File::CREAT, 0644)
+ *    f.close
+ *    f = File.new('t.tmp', File::CREAT, 0444)
+ *    f.close
  *
  *  Optional keyword arguments +opts+ specify:
  *
  *  - {Open Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+Options].
  *  - {Encoding options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
  *
- *  Examples:
- *
- *    File.new('t.tmp', autoclose: true)
- *    File.new('t.tmp', internal_encoding: nil)
- *
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -9250,7 +9617,7 @@ rb_io_s_for_fd(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
  *     ios.autoclose?   -> true or false
  *
  *  Returns +true+ if the underlying file descriptor of _ios_ will be
- *  closed automatically at its finalization, otherwise +false+.
+ *  closed at its finalization or at calling #close, otherwise +false+.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -9258,7 +9625,7 @@ rb_io_autoclose_p(VALUE io)
 {
     rb_io_t *fptr = RFILE(io)->fptr;
     rb_io_check_closed(fptr);
-    return RBOOL(!(fptr->mode & FMODE_PREP));
+    return RBOOL(!(fptr->mode & FMODE_EXTERNAL));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -9267,14 +9634,14 @@ rb_io_autoclose_p(VALUE io)
  *
  *  Sets auto-close flag.
  *
- *     f = open("/dev/null")
- *     IO.for_fd(f.fileno)
- *     # ...
- *     f.gets # may cause Errno::EBADF
+ *     f = File.open(File::NULL)
+ *     IO.for_fd(f.fileno).close
+ *     f.gets # raises Errno::EBADF
  *
- *     f = open("/dev/null")
- *     IO.for_fd(f.fileno).autoclose = false
- *     # ...
+ *     f = File.open(File::NULL)
+ *     g = IO.for_fd(f.fileno)
+ *     g.autoclose = false
+ *     g.close
  *     f.gets # won't cause Errno::EBADF
  */
 
@@ -9284,9 +9651,9 @@ rb_io_set_autoclose(VALUE io, VALUE autoclose)
     rb_io_t *fptr;
     GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     if (!RTEST(autoclose))
-        fptr->mode |= FMODE_PREP;
+        fptr->mode |= FMODE_EXTERNAL;
     else
-        fptr->mode &= ~FMODE_PREP;
+        fptr->mode &= ~FMODE_EXTERNAL;
     return autoclose;
 }
 
@@ -9419,7 +9786,7 @@ wait_mode_sym(VALUE mode)
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unsupported mode: %"PRIsVALUE, mode);
 }
 
-static inline rb_io_event_t
+static inline enum rb_io_event
 io_event_from_value(VALUE value)
 {
     int events = RB_NUM2INT(value);
@@ -9450,7 +9817,7 @@ static VALUE
 io_wait(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 {
     VALUE timeout = Qundef;
-    rb_io_event_t events = 0;
+    enum rb_io_event events = 0;
     int return_io = 0;
 
     // The documented signature for this method is actually incorrect.
@@ -9466,7 +9833,7 @@ io_wait(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
             if (RB_SYMBOL_P(argv[i])) {
                 events |= wait_mode_sym(argv[i]);
             }
-            else if (timeout == Qundef) {
+            else if (UNDEF_P(timeout)) {
                 rb_time_interval(timeout = argv[i]);
             }
             else {
@@ -9474,7 +9841,7 @@ io_wait(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
             }
         }
 
-        if (timeout == Qundef) timeout = Qnil;
+        if (UNDEF_P(timeout)) timeout = Qnil;
 
         if (events == 0) {
             events = RUBY_IO_READABLE;
@@ -9976,9 +10343,9 @@ static VALUE argf_readline(int, VALUE *, VALUE);
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    readline(sep = $/, **line_opts)   -> string
- *    readline(limit, **line_opts)      -> string
- *    readline(sep, limit, **line_opts) -> string
+ *    readline(sep = $/, chomp: false)   -> string
+ *    readline(limit, chomp: false)      -> string
+ *    readline(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string
  *
  *  Equivalent to method Kernel#gets, except that it raises an exception
  *  if called at end-of-stream:
@@ -9987,6 +10354,8 @@ static VALUE argf_readline(int, VALUE *, VALUE);
  *    ["First line\n", "Second line\n", "\n", "Fourth line\n", "Fifth line\n"]
  *    in `readline': end of file reached (EOFError)
  *
+ *  Optional keyword argument +chomp+ specifies whether line separators
+ *  are to be omitted.
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -10035,13 +10404,13 @@ static VALUE argf_readlines(int, VALUE *, VALUE);
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    readlines(sep = $/, **line_opts)   -> array
- *    readlines(limit, **line_opts)       -> array
- *    readlines(sep, limit, **line_opts) -> array
+ *    readlines(sep = $/, chomp: false, **enc_opts)   -> array
+ *    readlines(limit, chomp: false, **enc_opts)       -> array
+ *    readlines(sep, limit, chomp: false, **enc_opts) -> array
  *
  *  Returns an array containing the lines returned by calling
- *  Kernel#gets until the end-of-file is reached;
- *  (see {Lines}[rdoc-ref:IO@Lines]).
+ *  Kernel#gets until the end-of-stream is reached;
+ *  (see {Line IO}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO]).
  *
  *  With only string argument +sep+ given,
  *  returns the remaining lines as determined by line separator +sep+,
@@ -10080,16 +10449,15 @@ static VALUE argf_readlines(int, VALUE *, VALUE);
  *  With arguments +sep+ and +limit+ given, combines the two behaviors;
  *  see {Line Separator and Line Limit}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Separator+and+Line+Limit].
  *
- *  For all forms above, optional keyword arguments specify:
- *
- *  - {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Options].
- *  - {Encoding options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
- *
- *  Examples:
+ *  Optional keyword argument +chomp+ specifies whether line separators
+ *  are to be omitted:
  *
  *    $ cat t.txt | ruby -e "p readlines(chomp: true)"
  *    ["First line", "Second line", "", "Fourth line", "Fifth line"]
  *
+ *  Optional keyword arguments +enc_opts+ specify encoding options;
+ *  see {Encoding options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
+ *
  */
 
 static VALUE
@@ -10103,19 +10471,21 @@ rb_f_readlines(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     ARGF.readlines(sep = $/)     -> array
- *     ARGF.readlines(limit)      -> array
- *     ARGF.readlines(sep, limit) -> array
+ *     ARGF.readlines(sep = $/, chomp: false)   -> array
+ *     ARGF.readlines(limit, chomp: false)      -> array
+ *     ARGF.readlines(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> array
  *
- *     ARGF.to_a(sep = $/)     -> array
- *     ARGF.to_a(limit)      -> array
- *     ARGF.to_a(sep, limit) -> array
+ *     ARGF.to_a(sep = $/, chomp: false)   -> array
+ *     ARGF.to_a(limit, chomp: false)      -> array
+ *     ARGF.to_a(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> array
  *
  *  Reads each file in ARGF in its entirety, returning an Array containing
  *  lines from the files. Lines are assumed to be separated by _sep_.
  *
  *     lines = ARGF.readlines
  *     lines[0]                #=> "This is line one\n"
+ *
+ *  See +IO.readlines+ for a full description of all options.
  */
 static VALUE
 argf_readlines(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE argf)
@@ -10177,8 +10547,7 @@ rb_f_backquote(VALUE obj, VALUE str)
     GetOpenFile(port, fptr);
     result = read_all(fptr, remain_size(fptr), Qnil);
     rb_io_close(port);
-    RFILE(port)->fptr = NULL;
-    rb_io_fptr_finalize(fptr);
+    rb_io_fptr_cleanup_all(fptr);
     RB_GC_GUARD(port);
 
     return result;
@@ -10345,8 +10714,8 @@ static VALUE sym_normal,   sym_sequential, sym_random,
 struct io_advise_struct {
     int fd;
     int advice;
-    off_t offset;
-    off_t len;
+    rb_off_t offset;
+    rb_off_t len;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -10393,7 +10762,7 @@ io_advise_sym_to_const(VALUE sym)
 }
 
 static VALUE
-do_io_advise(rb_io_t *fptr, VALUE advice, off_t offset, off_t len)
+do_io_advise(rb_io_t *fptr, VALUE advice, rb_off_t offset, rb_off_t len)
 {
     int rv;
     struct io_advise_struct ias;
@@ -10483,7 +10852,7 @@ static VALUE
 rb_io_advise(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 {
     VALUE advice, offset, len;
-    off_t off, l;
+    rb_off_t off, l;
     rb_io_t *fptr;
 
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &advice, &offset, &len);
@@ -10655,6 +11024,13 @@ rb_io_advise(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 rb_f_select(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
 {
+    VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
+    if (scheduler != Qnil) {
+        // It's optionally supported.
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_selectv(scheduler, argc, argv);
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) return result;
+    }
+
     VALUE timeout;
     struct select_args args;
     struct timeval timerec;
@@ -11072,7 +11448,7 @@ rb_fcntl(VALUE io, VALUE req, VALUE arg)
  *  a file-oriented I/O stream. Arguments and results are platform
  *  dependent.
  *
- *  If +argument is a number, its value is passed directly;
+ *  If +argument+ is a number, its value is passed directly;
  *  if it is a string, it is interpreted as a binary sequence of bytes.
  *  (Array#pack might be a useful way to build this string.)
  *
@@ -11260,6 +11636,11 @@ io_encoding_set(rb_io_t *fptr, VALUE v1, VALUE v2, VALUE opt)
                 enc2 = NULL;
             }
         }
+        if (enc2 == rb_ascii8bit_encoding()) {
+            /* If external is ASCII-8BIT, no transcoding */
+            enc = enc2;
+            enc2 = NULL;
+        }
         SET_UNIVERSAL_NEWLINE_DECORATOR_IF_ENC2(enc2, ecflags);
         ecflags = rb_econv_prepare_options(opt, &ecopts, ecflags);
     }
@@ -11320,9 +11701,9 @@ pipe_pair_close(VALUE rw)
  *    IO.pipe(**opts) -> [read_io, write_io]
  *    IO.pipe(enc, **opts) -> [read_io, write_io]
  *    IO.pipe(ext_enc, int_enc, **opts) -> [read_io, write_io]
- *    IO.pipe(**opts) {|read_io, write_io] ...} -> object
- *    IO.pipe(enc, **opts) {|read_io, write_io] ...} -> object
- *    IO.pipe(ext_enc, int_enc, **opts) {|read_io, write_io] ...} -> object
+ *    IO.pipe(**opts) {|read_io, write_io| ...} -> object
+ *    IO.pipe(enc, **opts) {|read_io, write_io| ...} -> object
+ *    IO.pipe(ext_enc, int_enc, **opts) {|read_io, write_io| ...} -> object
  *
  *  Creates a pair of pipe endpoints, +read_io+ and +write_io+,
  *  connected to each other.
@@ -11533,9 +11914,6 @@ io_s_foreach(VALUE v)
  *    IO.foreach(path, sep = $/, **opts) {|line| block }       -> nil
  *    IO.foreach(path, limit, **opts) {|line| block }          -> nil
  *    IO.foreach(path, sep, limit, **opts) {|line| block }     -> nil
- *    IO.foreach(command, sep = $/, **opts) {|line| block }    -> nil
- *    IO.foreach(command, limit, **opts) {|line| block }       -> nil
- *    IO.foreach(command, sep, limit, **opts) {|line| block }  -> nil
  *    IO.foreach(...)                                          -> an_enumerator
  *
  *  Calls the block with each successive line read from the stream.
@@ -11544,16 +11922,7 @@ io_s_foreach(VALUE v)
  *  this method has potential security vulnerabilities if called with untrusted input;
  *  see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc].
  *
- *  The first argument must be a string that is one of the following:
- *
- *  - Path: if +self+ is a subclass of \IO (\File, for example),
- *    or if the string _does_ _not_ start with the pipe character (<tt>'|'</tt>),
- *    the string is the path to a file.
- *  - Command: if +self+ is the class \IO,
- *    and if the string starts with the pipe character,
- *    the rest of the string is a command to be executed as a subprocess.
- *    This usage has potential security vulnerabilities if called with untrusted input;
- *    see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc].
+ *  The first argument must be a string that is the path to a file.
  *
  *  With only argument +path+ given, parses lines from the file at the given +path+,
  *  as determined by the default line separator,
@@ -11614,7 +11983,7 @@ io_s_foreach(VALUE v)
  *
  *  - {Open Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+Options].
  *  - {Encoding options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
- *  - {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Options].
+ *  - {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  *  Returns an Enumerator if no block is given.
  *
@@ -11647,9 +12016,6 @@ io_s_readlines(VALUE v)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     IO.readlines(command, sep = $/, **opts)     -> array
- *     IO.readlines(command, limit, **opts)      -> array
- *     IO.readlines(command, sep, limit, **opts) -> array
  *     IO.readlines(path, sep = $/, **opts)     -> array
  *     IO.readlines(path, limit, **opts)      -> array
  *     IO.readlines(path, sep, limit, **opts) -> array
@@ -11660,19 +12026,7 @@ io_s_readlines(VALUE v)
  *  this method has potential security vulnerabilities if called with untrusted input;
  *  see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc].
  *
- *  The first argument must be a string;
- *  its meaning depends on whether it starts with the pipe character (<tt>'|'</tt>):
- *
- *  - If so (and if +self+ is \IO),
- *    the rest of the string is a command to be executed as a subprocess.
- *  - Otherwise, the string is the path to a file.
- *
- *  With only argument +command+ given, executes the command in a shell,
- *  parses its $stdout into lines, as determined by the default line separator,
- *  and returns those lines in an array:
- *
- *    IO.readlines('| cat t.txt')
- *    # => ["First line\n", "Second line\n", "\n", "Third line\n", "Fourth line\n"]
+ *  The first argument must be a string that is the path to a file.
  *
  *  With only argument +path+ given, parses lines from the file at the given +path+,
  *  as determined by the default line separator,
@@ -11681,8 +12035,6 @@ io_s_readlines(VALUE v)
  *    IO.readlines('t.txt')
  *    # => ["First line\n", "Second line\n", "\n", "Third line\n", "Fourth line\n"]
  *
- *  For both forms, command and path, the remaining arguments are the same.
- *
  *  With argument +sep+ given, parses lines as determined by that line separator
  *  (see {Line Separator}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Separator]):
  *
@@ -11712,7 +12064,7 @@ io_s_readlines(VALUE v)
  *
  *  - {Open Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Open+Options].
  *  - {Encoding options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
- *  - {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Options].
+ *  - {Line Options}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+IO].
  *
  */
 
@@ -11755,7 +12107,6 @@ seek_before_access(VALUE argp)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     IO.read(command, length = nil, offset = 0, **opts) -> string or nil
  *     IO.read(path, length = nil, offset = 0, **opts)    -> string or nil
  *
  *  Opens the stream, reads and returns some or all of its content,
@@ -11765,18 +12116,7 @@ seek_before_access(VALUE argp)
  *  this method has potential security vulnerabilities if called with untrusted input;
  *  see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc].
  *
- *  The first argument must be a string;
- *  its meaning depends on whether it starts with the pipe character (<tt>'|'</tt>):
- *
- *  - If so (and if +self+ is \IO),
- *    the rest of the string is a command to be executed as a subprocess.
- *  - Otherwise, the string is the path to a file.
- *
- *  With only argument +command+ given, executes the command in a shell,
- *  returns its entire $stdout:
- *
- *    IO.read('| cat t.txt')
- *    # => "First line\nSecond line\n\nThird line\nFourth line\n"
+ *  The first argument must be a string that is the path to a file.
  *
  *  With only argument +path+ given, reads in text mode and returns the entire content
  *  of the file at the given path:
@@ -11788,8 +12128,6 @@ seek_before_access(VALUE argp)
  *  unread when encountering certain special bytes. Consider using
  *  IO.binread if all bytes in the file should be read.
  *
- *  For both forms, command and path, the remaining arguments are the same.
- *
  *  With argument +length+, returns +length+ bytes if available:
  *
  *    IO.read('t.txt', 7) # => "First l"
@@ -11813,9 +12151,13 @@ static VALUE
 rb_io_s_read(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 {
     VALUE opt, offset;
+    long off;
     struct foreach_arg arg;
 
     argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "13:", NULL, NULL, &offset, NULL, &opt);
+    if (!NIL_P(offset) && (off = NUM2LONG(offset)) < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "negative offset %ld given", off);
+    }
     open_key_args(io, argc, argv, opt, &arg);
     if (NIL_P(arg.io)) return Qnil;
     if (!NIL_P(offset)) {
@@ -11836,7 +12178,6 @@ rb_io_s_read(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *     IO.binread(command, length = nil, offset = 0) -> string or nil
  *     IO.binread(path, length = nil, offset = 0)    -> string or nil
  *
  *  Behaves like IO.read, except that the stream is opened in binary mode
@@ -11860,7 +12201,7 @@ rb_io_s_binread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
                 |O_BINARY
 #endif
     };
-    convconfig_t convconfig = {NULL, NULL, 0, Qnil};
+    struct rb_io_encoding convconfig = {NULL, NULL, 0, Qnil};
 
     rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", NULL, NULL, &offset);
     FilePathValue(argv[0]);
@@ -11941,7 +12282,6 @@ io_s_write(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, int binary)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    IO.write(command, data, **opts)             -> integer
  *    IO.write(path, data, offset = 0, **opts)    -> integer
  *
  *  Opens the stream, writes the given +data+ to it,
@@ -11951,25 +12291,9 @@ io_s_write(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, int binary)
  *  this method has potential security vulnerabilities if called with untrusted input;
  *  see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc].
  *
- *  The first argument must be a string;
- *  its meaning depends on whether it starts with the pipe character (<tt>'|'</tt>):
- *
- *  - If so (and if +self+ is \IO),
- *    the rest of the string is a command to be executed as a subprocess.
- *  - Otherwise, the string is the path to a file.
- *
- *  With argument +command+ given, executes the command in a shell,
- *  passes +data+ through standard input, writes its output to $stdout,
- *  and returns the length of the given +data+:
- *
- *    IO.write('| cat', 'Hello World!') # => 12
- *
- *  Output:
- *
- *    Hello World!
+ *  The first argument must be a string that is the path to a file.
  *
- *  With argument +path+ given, writes the given +data+ to the file
- *  at that path:
+ *  With only argument +path+ given, writes the given +data+ to the file at that path:
  *
  *    IO.write('t.tmp', 'abc')    # => 3
  *    File.read('t.tmp')          # => "abc"
@@ -12008,7 +12332,6 @@ rb_io_s_write(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
- *    IO.binwrite(command, string, offset = 0) -> integer
  *    IO.binwrite(path, string, offset = 0)    -> integer
  *
  *  Behaves like IO.write, except that the stream is opened in binary mode
@@ -12029,15 +12352,15 @@ rb_io_s_binwrite(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 struct copy_stream_struct {
     VALUE src;
     VALUE dst;
-    off_t copy_length; /* (off_t)-1 if not specified */
-    off_t src_offset; /* (off_t)-1 if not specified */
+    rb_off_t copy_length; /* (rb_off_t)-1 if not specified */
+    rb_off_t src_offset; /* (rb_off_t)-1 if not specified */
 
     rb_io_t *src_fptr;
     rb_io_t *dst_fptr;
     unsigned close_src : 1;
     unsigned close_dst : 1;
     int error_no;
-    off_t total;
+    rb_off_t total;
     const char *syserr;
     const char *notimp;
     VALUE th;
@@ -12080,7 +12403,7 @@ maygvl_copy_stream_continue_p(int has_gvl, struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
     return FALSE;
 }
 
-struct wait_for_single_fd {
+struct fiber_scheduler_wait_for_arguments {
     VALUE scheduler;
 
     rb_io_t *fptr;
@@ -12090,11 +12413,11 @@ struct wait_for_single_fd {
 };
 
 static void *
-rb_thread_fiber_scheduler_wait_for(void * _args)
+fiber_scheduler_wait_for(void * _arguments)
 {
-    struct wait_for_single_fd *args = (struct wait_for_single_fd *)_args;
+    struct fiber_scheduler_wait_for_arguments *arguments = (struct fiber_scheduler_wait_for_arguments *)_arguments;
 
-    args->result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait(args->scheduler, args->fptr->self, INT2NUM(args->events), Qnil);
+    arguments->result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_wait(arguments->scheduler, arguments->fptr->self, INT2NUM(arguments->events), RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
 
     return NULL;
 }
@@ -12104,12 +12427,12 @@ rb_thread_fiber_scheduler_wait_for(void * _args)
 STATIC_ASSERT(pollin_expected, POLLIN == RB_WAITFD_IN);
 STATIC_ASSERT(pollout_expected, POLLOUT == RB_WAITFD_OUT);
 static int
-nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events)
+nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events, struct timeval *timeout)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current_for_thread(th);
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        struct wait_for_single_fd args = {.scheduler = scheduler, .fptr = fptr, .events = events};
-        rb_thread_call_with_gvl(rb_thread_fiber_scheduler_wait_for, &args);
+        struct fiber_scheduler_wait_for_arguments args = {.scheduler = scheduler, .fptr = fptr, .events = events};
+        rb_thread_call_with_gvl(fiber_scheduler_wait_for, &args);
         return RTEST(args.result);
     }
 
@@ -12121,22 +12444,32 @@ nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events)
     fds.fd = fd;
     fds.events = events;
 
-    return poll(&fds, 1, -1);
+    int timeout_milliseconds = -1;
+
+    if (timeout) {
+        timeout_milliseconds = (int)(timeout->tv_sec * 1000) + (int)(timeout->tv_usec / 1000);
+    }
+
+    return poll(&fds, 1, timeout_milliseconds);
 }
 #else /* !USE_POLL */
 #  define IOWAIT_SYSCALL "select"
 static int
-nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events)
+nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events, struct timeval *timeout)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current_for_thread(th);
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        struct wait_for_single_fd args = {.scheduler = scheduler, .fptr = fptr, .events = events};
-        rb_thread_call_with_gvl(rb_thread_fiber_scheduler_wait_for, &args);
+        struct fiber_scheduler_wait_for_arguments args = {.scheduler = scheduler, .fptr = fptr, .events = events};
+        rb_thread_call_with_gvl(fiber_scheduler_wait_for, &args);
         return RTEST(args.result);
     }
 
     int fd = fptr->fd;
-    if (fd == -1) return 0;
+
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        errno = EBADF;
+        return -1;
+    }
 
     rb_fdset_t fds;
     int ret;
@@ -12146,16 +12479,18 @@ nogvl_wait_for(VALUE th, rb_io_t *fptr, short events)
 
     switch (events) {
       case RB_WAITFD_IN:
-        ret = rb_fd_select(fd + 1, &fds, 0, 0, 0);
+        ret = rb_fd_select(fd + 1, &fds, 0, 0, timeout);
         break;
       case RB_WAITFD_OUT:
-        ret = rb_fd_select(fd + 1, 0, &fds, 0, 0);
+        ret = rb_fd_select(fd + 1, 0, &fds, 0, timeout);
         break;
       default:
         VM_UNREACHABLE(nogvl_wait_for);
     }
 
     rb_fd_term(&fds);
+
+    // On timeout, this returns 0.
     return ret;
 }
 #endif /* !USE_POLL */
@@ -12170,7 +12505,7 @@ maygvl_copy_stream_wait_read(int has_gvl, struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
             ret = RB_NUM2INT(rb_io_wait(stp->src, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), Qnil));
         }
         else {
-            ret = nogvl_wait_for(stp->th, stp->src_fptr, RB_WAITFD_IN);
+            ret = nogvl_wait_for(stp->th, stp->src_fptr, RB_WAITFD_IN, NULL);
         }
     } while (ret < 0 && maygvl_copy_stream_continue_p(has_gvl, stp));
 
@@ -12188,7 +12523,7 @@ nogvl_copy_stream_wait_write(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
     int ret;
 
     do {
-        ret = nogvl_wait_for(stp->th, stp->dst_fptr, RB_WAITFD_OUT);
+        ret = nogvl_wait_for(stp->th, stp->dst_fptr, RB_WAITFD_OUT, NULL);
     } while (ret < 0 && maygvl_copy_stream_continue_p(0, stp));
 
     if (ret < 0) {
@@ -12202,7 +12537,7 @@ nogvl_copy_stream_wait_write(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 #ifdef USE_COPY_FILE_RANGE
 
 static ssize_t
-simple_copy_file_range(int in_fd, off_t *in_offset, int out_fd, off_t *out_offset, size_t count, unsigned int flags)
+simple_copy_file_range(int in_fd, rb_off_t *in_offset, int out_fd, rb_off_t *out_offset, size_t count, unsigned int flags)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_COPY_FILE_RANGE
     return copy_file_range(in_fd, in_offset, out_fd, out_offset, count, flags);
@@ -12215,15 +12550,15 @@ static int
 nogvl_copy_file_range(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 {
     ssize_t ss;
-    off_t src_size;
-    off_t copy_length, src_offset, *src_offset_ptr;
+    rb_off_t src_size;
+    rb_off_t copy_length, src_offset, *src_offset_ptr;
 
     if (!S_ISREG(stp->src_stat.st_mode))
         return 0;
 
     src_size = stp->src_stat.st_size;
     src_offset = stp->src_offset;
-    if (src_offset >= (off_t)0) {
+    if (src_offset >= (rb_off_t)0) {
         src_offset_ptr = &src_offset;
     }
     else {
@@ -12231,12 +12566,12 @@ nogvl_copy_file_range(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
     }
 
     copy_length = stp->copy_length;
-    if (copy_length < (off_t)0) {
-        if (src_offset < (off_t)0) {
-            off_t current_offset;
+    if (copy_length < (rb_off_t)0) {
+        if (src_offset < (rb_off_t)0) {
+            rb_off_t current_offset;
             errno = 0;
             current_offset = lseek(stp->src_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-            if (current_offset < (off_t)0 && errno) {
+            if (current_offset < (rb_off_t)0 && errno) {
                 stp->syserr = "lseek";
                 stp->error_no = errno;
                 return (int)current_offset;
@@ -12251,7 +12586,7 @@ nogvl_copy_file_range(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
   retry_copy_file_range:
 # if SIZEOF_OFF_T > SIZEOF_SIZE_T
     /* we are limited by the 32-bit ssize_t return value on 32-bit */
-    ss = (copy_length > (off_t)SSIZE_MAX) ? SSIZE_MAX : (ssize_t)copy_length;
+    ss = (copy_length > (rb_off_t)SSIZE_MAX) ? SSIZE_MAX : (ssize_t)copy_length;
 # else
     ss = (ssize_t)copy_length;
 # endif
@@ -12310,11 +12645,11 @@ nogvl_copy_file_range(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 static int
 nogvl_fcopyfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 {
-    off_t cur, ss = 0;
-    const off_t src_offset = stp->src_offset;
+    rb_off_t cur, ss = 0;
+    const rb_off_t src_offset = stp->src_offset;
     int ret;
 
-    if (stp->copy_length >= (off_t)0) {
+    if (stp->copy_length >= (rb_off_t)0) {
         /* copy_length can't be specified in fcopyfile(3) */
         return 0;
     }
@@ -12324,30 +12659,30 @@ nogvl_fcopyfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 
     if (!S_ISREG(stp->dst_stat.st_mode))
         return 0;
-    if (lseek(stp->dst_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) > (off_t)0) /* if dst IO was already written */
+    if (lseek(stp->dst_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) > (rb_off_t)0) /* if dst IO was already written */
         return 0;
     if (fcntl(stp->dst_fptr->fd, F_GETFL) & O_APPEND) {
         /* fcopyfile(3) appends src IO to dst IO and then truncates
          * dst IO to src IO's original size. */
-        off_t end = lseek(stp->dst_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+        rb_off_t end = lseek(stp->dst_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_END);
         lseek(stp->dst_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
-        if (end > (off_t)0) return 0;
+        if (end > (rb_off_t)0) return 0;
     }
 
-    if (src_offset > (off_t)0) {
-        off_t r;
+    if (src_offset > (rb_off_t)0) {
+        rb_off_t r;
 
         /* get current offset */
         errno = 0;
         cur = lseek(stp->src_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-        if (cur < (off_t)0 && errno) {
+        if (cur < (rb_off_t)0 && errno) {
             stp->error_no = errno;
             return 1;
         }
 
         errno = 0;
         r = lseek(stp->src_fptr->fd, src_offset, SEEK_SET);
-        if (r < (off_t)0 && errno) {
+        if (r < (rb_off_t)0 && errno) {
             stp->error_no = errno;
             return 1;
         }
@@ -12359,12 +12694,12 @@ nogvl_fcopyfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 
     if (ret == 0) { /* success */
         stp->total = ss;
-        if (src_offset > (off_t)0) {
-            off_t r;
+        if (src_offset > (rb_off_t)0) {
+            rb_off_t r;
             errno = 0;
             /* reset offset */
             r = lseek(stp->src_fptr->fd, cur, SEEK_SET);
-            if (r < (off_t)0 && errno) {
+            if (r < (rb_off_t)0 && errno) {
                 stp->error_no = errno;
                 return 1;
             }
@@ -12395,7 +12730,7 @@ nogvl_fcopyfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 #  endif
 
 static ssize_t
-simple_sendfile(int out_fd, int in_fd, off_t *offset, off_t count)
+simple_sendfile(int out_fd, int in_fd, rb_off_t *offset, rb_off_t count)
 {
     return sendfile(out_fd, in_fd, offset, (size_t)count);
 }
@@ -12407,11 +12742,11 @@ simple_sendfile(int out_fd, int in_fd, off_t *offset, off_t count)
 #  define USE_SENDFILE
 
 static ssize_t
-simple_sendfile(int out_fd, int in_fd, off_t *offset, off_t count)
+simple_sendfile(int out_fd, int in_fd, rb_off_t *offset, rb_off_t count)
 {
     int r;
-    off_t pos = offset ? *offset : lseek(in_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-    off_t sbytes;
+    rb_off_t pos = offset ? *offset : lseek(in_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+    rb_off_t sbytes;
 #  ifdef __APPLE__
     r = sendfile(in_fd, out_fd, pos, &count, NULL, 0);
     sbytes = count;
@@ -12437,9 +12772,9 @@ static int
 nogvl_copy_stream_sendfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 {
     ssize_t ss;
-    off_t src_size;
-    off_t copy_length;
-    off_t src_offset;
+    rb_off_t src_size;
+    rb_off_t copy_length;
+    rb_off_t src_offset;
     int use_pread;
 
     if (!S_ISREG(stp->src_stat.st_mode))
@@ -12452,17 +12787,17 @@ nogvl_copy_stream_sendfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 #endif
 
     src_offset = stp->src_offset;
-    use_pread = src_offset >= (off_t)0;
+    use_pread = src_offset >= (rb_off_t)0;
 
     copy_length = stp->copy_length;
-    if (copy_length < (off_t)0) {
+    if (copy_length < (rb_off_t)0) {
         if (use_pread)
             copy_length = src_size - src_offset;
         else {
-            off_t cur;
+            rb_off_t cur;
             errno = 0;
             cur = lseek(stp->src_fptr->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-            if (cur < (off_t)0 && errno) {
+            if (cur < (rb_off_t)0 && errno) {
                 stp->syserr = "lseek";
                 stp->error_no = errno;
                 return (int)cur;
@@ -12474,7 +12809,7 @@ nogvl_copy_stream_sendfile(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
   retry_sendfile:
 # if SIZEOF_OFF_T > SIZEOF_SIZE_T
     /* we are limited by the 32-bit ssize_t return value on 32-bit */
-    ss = (copy_length > (off_t)SSIZE_MAX) ? SSIZE_MAX : (ssize_t)copy_length;
+    ss = (copy_length > (rb_off_t)SSIZE_MAX) ? SSIZE_MAX : (ssize_t)copy_length;
 # else
     ss = (ssize_t)copy_length;
 # endif
@@ -12539,26 +12874,21 @@ static ssize_t
 maygvl_read(int has_gvl, rb_io_t *fptr, void *buf, size_t count)
 {
     if (has_gvl)
-        return rb_read_internal(fptr, buf, count);
+        return rb_io_read_memory(fptr, buf, count);
     else
         return read(fptr->fd, buf, count);
 }
 
 static ssize_t
-maygvl_copy_stream_read(int has_gvl, struct copy_stream_struct *stp, char *buf, size_t len, off_t offset)
+maygvl_copy_stream_read(int has_gvl, struct copy_stream_struct *stp, char *buf, size_t len, rb_off_t offset)
 {
     ssize_t ss;
   retry_read:
-    if (offset < (off_t)0) {
+    if (offset < (rb_off_t)0) {
         ss = maygvl_read(has_gvl, stp->src_fptr, buf, len);
     }
     else {
-#ifdef HAVE_PREAD
         ss = pread(stp->src_fptr->fd, buf, len, offset);
-#else
-        stp->notimp = "pread";
-        return -1;
-#endif
     }
     if (ss == 0) {
         return 0;
@@ -12582,7 +12912,7 @@ maygvl_copy_stream_read(int has_gvl, struct copy_stream_struct *stp, char *buf,
             return ss;
 #endif
         }
-        stp->syserr = offset < (off_t)0 ?  "read" : "pread";
+        stp->syserr = offset < (rb_off_t)0 ?  "read" : "pread";
         stp->error_no = errno;
     }
     return ss;
@@ -12621,31 +12951,31 @@ nogvl_copy_stream_read_write(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
     size_t len;
     ssize_t ss;
     int ret;
-    off_t copy_length;
+    rb_off_t copy_length;
+    rb_off_t src_offset;
     int use_eof;
-    off_t src_offset;
     int use_pread;
 
     copy_length = stp->copy_length;
-    use_eof = copy_length < (off_t)0;
+    use_eof = copy_length < (rb_off_t)0;
     src_offset = stp->src_offset;
-    use_pread = src_offset >= (off_t)0;
+    use_pread = src_offset >= (rb_off_t)0;
 
     if (use_pread && stp->close_src) {
-        off_t r;
+        rb_off_t r;
         errno = 0;
         r = lseek(stp->src_fptr->fd, src_offset, SEEK_SET);
-        if (r < (off_t)0 && errno) {
+        if (r < (rb_off_t)0 && errno) {
             stp->syserr = "lseek";
             stp->error_no = errno;
             return;
         }
-        src_offset = (off_t)-1;
+        src_offset = (rb_off_t)-1;
         use_pread = 0;
     }
 
     while (use_eof || 0 < copy_length) {
-        if (!use_eof && copy_length < (off_t)sizeof(buf)) {
+        if (!use_eof && copy_length < (rb_off_t)sizeof(buf)) {
             len = (size_t)copy_length;
         }
         else {
@@ -12657,7 +12987,7 @@ nogvl_copy_stream_read_write(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
                 src_offset += ss;
         }
         else {
-            ss = maygvl_copy_stream_read(0, stp, buf, len, (off_t)-1);
+            ss = maygvl_copy_stream_read(0, stp, buf, len, (rb_off_t)-1);
         }
         if (ss <= 0) /* EOF or error */
             return;
@@ -12712,8 +13042,8 @@ copy_stream_fallback_body(VALUE arg)
     const int buflen = 16*1024;
     VALUE n;
     VALUE buf = rb_str_buf_new(buflen);
-    off_t rest = stp->copy_length;
-    off_t off = stp->src_offset;
+    rb_off_t rest = stp->copy_length;
+    rb_off_t off = stp->src_offset;
     ID read_method = id_readpartial;
 
     if (!stp->src_fptr) {
@@ -12725,7 +13055,7 @@ copy_stream_fallback_body(VALUE arg)
     while (1) {
         long numwrote;
         long l;
-        if (stp->copy_length < (off_t)0) {
+        if (stp->copy_length < (rb_off_t)0) {
             l = buflen;
         }
         else {
@@ -12750,7 +13080,7 @@ copy_stream_fallback_body(VALUE arg)
                 return Qnil;
             if (ss == 0)
                 rb_eof_error();
-            if (off >= (off_t)0)
+            if (off >= (rb_off_t)0)
                 off += ss;
         }
         n = rb_io_write(stp->dst, buf);
@@ -12768,7 +13098,7 @@ copy_stream_fallback_body(VALUE arg)
 static VALUE
 copy_stream_fallback(struct copy_stream_struct *stp)
 {
-    if (!stp->src_fptr && stp->src_offset >= (off_t)0) {
+    if (!stp->src_fptr && stp->src_offset >= (rb_off_t)0) {
         rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "cannot specify src_offset for non-IO");
     }
     rb_rescue2(copy_stream_fallback_body, (VALUE)stp,
@@ -12868,10 +13198,10 @@ copy_stream_body(VALUE arg)
     if (stp->dst_fptr)
         io_ascii8bit_binmode(stp->dst_fptr);
 
-    if (stp->src_offset < (off_t)0 && stp->src_fptr && stp->src_fptr->rbuf.len) {
+    if (stp->src_offset < (rb_off_t)0 && stp->src_fptr && stp->src_fptr->rbuf.len) {
         size_t len = stp->src_fptr->rbuf.len;
         VALUE str;
-        if (stp->copy_length >= (off_t)0 && stp->copy_length < (off_t)len) {
+        if (stp->copy_length >= (rb_off_t)0 && stp->copy_length < (rb_off_t)len) {
             len = (size_t)stp->copy_length;
         }
         str = rb_str_buf_new(len);
@@ -12885,7 +13215,7 @@ copy_stream_body(VALUE arg)
             rb_io_write(dst_io, str);
         rb_str_resize(str, 0);
         stp->total += len;
-        if (stp->copy_length >= (off_t)0)
+        if (stp->copy_length >= (rb_off_t)0)
             stp->copy_length -= len;
     }
 
@@ -12998,12 +13328,12 @@ rb_io_s_copy_stream(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
     st.dst_fptr = NULL;
 
     if (NIL_P(length))
-        st.copy_length = (off_t)-1;
+        st.copy_length = (rb_off_t)-1;
     else
         st.copy_length = NUM2OFFT(length);
 
     if (NIL_P(src_offset))
-        st.src_offset = (off_t)-1;
+        st.src_offset = (rb_off_t)-1;
     else
         st.src_offset = NUM2OFFT(src_offset);
 
@@ -13019,7 +13349,7 @@ rb_io_s_copy_stream(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
  *  Returns the Encoding object that represents the encoding of the stream,
  *  or +nil+ if the stream is in write mode and no encoding is specified.
  *
- *  See {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:IO@Encodings].
+ *  See {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:File@Encodings].
  *
  */
 
@@ -13047,7 +13377,7 @@ rb_io_external_encoding(VALUE io)
  *  if conversion is specified,
  *  or +nil+ otherwise.
  *
- *  See {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:IO@Encodings].
+ *  See {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:File@Encodings].
  *
  */
 
@@ -13066,12 +13396,14 @@ rb_io_internal_encoding(VALUE io)
  *    set_encoding(ext_enc, int_enc, **enc_opts)  -> self
  *    set_encoding('ext_enc:int_enc', **enc_opts) -> self
  *
- *  See {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:IO@Encodings].
+ *  See {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:File@Encodings].
  *
- *  Argument +ext_enc+, if given, must be an Encoding object;
+ *  Argument +ext_enc+, if given, must be an Encoding object
+ *  or a String with the encoding name;
  *  it is assigned as the encoding for the stream.
  *
- *  Argument +int_enc+, if given, must be an Encoding object;
+ *  Argument +int_enc+, if given, must be an Encoding object
+ *  or a String with the encoding name;
  *  it is assigned as the encoding for the internal string.
  *
  *  Argument <tt>'ext_enc:int_enc'</tt>, if given, is a string
@@ -13079,6 +13411,10 @@ rb_io_internal_encoding(VALUE io)
  *  corresponding Encoding objects are assigned as the external
  *  and internal encodings for the stream.
  *
+ *  If the external encoding of a string is binary/ASCII-8BIT,
+ *  the internal encoding of the string is set to nil, since no
+ *  transcoding is needed.
+ *
  *  Optional keyword arguments +enc_opts+ specify
  *  {Encoding options}[rdoc-ref:encodings.rdoc@Encoding+Options].
  *
@@ -13128,6 +13464,17 @@ global_argf_p(VALUE arg)
     return arg == argf;
 }
 
+typedef VALUE (*argf_encoding_func)(VALUE io);
+
+static VALUE
+argf_encoding(VALUE argf, argf_encoding_func func)
+{
+    if (!RTEST(ARGF.current_file)) {
+        return rb_enc_default_external();
+    }
+    return func(rb_io_check_io(ARGF.current_file));
+}
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *     ARGF.external_encoding   -> encoding
@@ -13147,10 +13494,7 @@ global_argf_p(VALUE arg)
 static VALUE
 argf_external_encoding(VALUE argf)
 {
-    if (!RTEST(ARGF.current_file)) {
-        return rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_default_external_encoding());
-    }
-    return rb_io_external_encoding(rb_io_check_io(ARGF.current_file));
+    return argf_encoding(argf, rb_io_external_encoding);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -13169,10 +13513,7 @@ argf_external_encoding(VALUE argf)
 static VALUE
 argf_internal_encoding(VALUE argf)
 {
-    if (!RTEST(ARGF.current_file)) {
-        return rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_default_external_encoding());
-    }
-    return rb_io_internal_encoding(rb_io_check_io(ARGF.current_file));
+    return argf_encoding(argf, rb_io_internal_encoding);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -13764,7 +14105,7 @@ static void
 argf_block_call(ID mid, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE argf)
 {
     VALUE ret = ARGF_block_call(mid, argc, argv, argf_block_call_i, argf);
-    if (ret != Qundef) ARGF.next_p = 1;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(ret)) ARGF.next_p = 1;
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -13780,7 +14121,7 @@ static void
 argf_block_call_line(ID mid, int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE argf)
 {
     VALUE ret = ARGF_block_call(mid, argc, argv, argf_block_call_line_i, argf);
-    if (ret != Qundef) ARGF.next_p = 1;
+    if (!UNDEF_P(ret)) ARGF.next_p = 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -14081,7 +14422,7 @@ argf_closed(VALUE argf)
 {
     next_argv();
     ARGF_FORWARD(0, 0);
-    return rb_io_closed(ARGF.current_file);
+    return rb_io_closed_p(ARGF.current_file);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -14360,11 +14701,16 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *     ARGV.replace ["file2", "file3"]
  *     ARGF.read      # Returns the contents of file2 and file3
  *
- * If +ARGV+ is empty, ARGF acts as if it contained STDIN, i.e. the data
- * piped to your script. For example:
+ * If +ARGV+ is empty, ARGF acts as if it contained <tt>"-"</tt> that
+ * makes ARGF read from STDIN, i.e. the data piped or typed to your
+ * script. For example:
  *
  *     $ echo "glark" | ruby -e 'p ARGF.read'
  *     "glark\n"
+ *
+ *     $ echo Glark > file1
+ *     $ echo "glark" | ruby -e 'p ARGF.read' -- - file1
+ *     "glark\nGlark\n"
  */
 
 /*
@@ -14379,7 +14725,10 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *  The global constant ARGF (also accessible as <tt>$<</tt>)
  *  provides an IO-like stream that allows access to all file paths
  *  found in ARGV (or found in STDIN if ARGV is empty).
- *  Note that ARGF is not itself a subclass of \IO.
+ *  ARGF is not itself a subclass of \IO.
+ *
+ *  \Class StringIO provides an IO-like stream that handles a String.
+ *  StringIO is not itself a subclass of \IO.
  *
  *  Important objects based on \IO include:
  *
@@ -14397,20 +14746,23 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *  - Kernel#open: Returns a new \IO object connected to a given source:
  *    stream, file, or subprocess.
  *
- *  An \IO stream has:
+ *  Like a File stream, an \IO stream has:
  *
  *  - A read/write mode, which may be read-only, write-only, or read/write;
- *    see {Read/Write Mode}[rdoc-ref:IO@Read-2FWrite+Mode].
+ *    see {Read/Write Mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Read-2FWrite+Mode].
  *  - A data mode, which may be text-only or binary;
- *    see {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:IO@Data+Mode].
+ *    see {Data Mode}[rdoc-ref:File@Data+Mode].
+ *  - Internal and external encodings;
+ *    see {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:File@Encodings].
+ *
+ *  And like other \IO streams, it has:
+ *
  *  - A position, which determines where in the stream the next
  *    read or write is to occur;
  *    see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position].
  *  - A line number, which is a special, line-oriented, "position"
  *    (different from the position mentioned above);
  *    see {Line Number}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Number].
- *  - Internal and external encodings;
- *    see {Encodings}[rdoc-ref:IO@Encodings].
  *
  *  == Extension <tt>io/console</tt>
  *
@@ -14420,221 +14772,146 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *
  *  == Example Files
  *
- *  Many examples here use these filenames and their corresponding files:
- *
- *  - <tt>t.txt</tt>: A text-only file that is assumed to exist via:
- *
- *      text = <<~EOT
- *        First line
- *        Second line
- *
- *        Fourth line
- *        Fifth line
- *      EOT
- *      File.write('t.txt', text)
- *
- *  - <tt>t.dat</tt>: A data file that is assumed to exist via:
- *
- *      data = "\u9990\u9991\u9992\u9993\u9994"
- *      f = File.open('t.dat', 'wb:UTF-16')
- *      f.write(data)
- *      f.close
- *
- *  - <tt>t.rus</tt>: A Russian-language text file that is assumed to exist via:
+ *  Many examples here use these variables:
  *
- *      File.write('t.rus', "\u{442 435 441 442}")
+ *    :include: doc/examples/files.rdoc
  *
- *  - <tt>t.tmp</tt>: A file that is assumed _not_ to exist.
- *
- *  == Modes
- *
- *  A number of \IO method calls must or may specify a _mode_ for the stream;
- *  the mode determines how stream is to be accessible, including:
- *
- *  - Whether the stream is to be read-only, write-only, or read-write.
- *  - Whether the stream is positioned at its beginning or its end.
- *  - Whether the stream treats data as text-only or binary.
- *  - The external and internal encodings.
- *
- *  === Read/Write Mode
- *
- *  ==== Read/Write Mode Specified as an \Integer
+ *  == Open Options
  *
- *  When +mode+ is an integer it must be one or more (combined by bitwise OR (<tt>|</tt>)
- *  of the following modes:
+ *  A number of \IO methods accept optional keyword arguments
+ *  that determine how a new stream is to be opened:
  *
- *  - +File::RDONLY+: Open for reading only.
- *  - +File::WRONLY+: Open for writing only.
- *  - +File::RDWR+: Open for reading and writing.
- *  - +File::APPEND+: Open for appending only.
- *  - +File::CREAT+: Create file if it does not exist.
- *  - +File::EXCL+: Raise an exception if +File::CREAT+ is given and the file exists.
+ *  - +:mode+: Stream mode.
+ *  - +:flags+: Integer file open flags;
+ *    If +mode+ is also given, the two are bitwise-ORed.
+ *  - +:external_encoding+: External encoding for the stream.
+ *  - +:internal_encoding+: Internal encoding for the stream.
+ *    <tt>'-'</tt> is a synonym for the default internal encoding.
+ *    If the value is +nil+ no conversion occurs.
+ *  - +:encoding+: Specifies external and internal encodings as <tt>'extern:intern'</tt>.
+ *  - +:textmode+: If a truthy value, specifies the mode as text-only, binary otherwise.
+ *  - +:binmode+: If a truthy value, specifies the mode as binary, text-only otherwise.
+ *  - +:autoclose+: If a truthy value, specifies that the +fd+ will close
+ *    when the stream closes; otherwise it remains open.
+ *  - +:path:+ If a string value is provided, it is used in #inspect and is available as
+ *    #path method.
  *
- *  Examples:
+ *  Also available are the options offered in String#encode,
+ *  which may control conversion between external and internal encoding.
  *
- *    File.new('t.txt', File::RDONLY)
- *    File.new('t.tmp', File::RDWR | File::CREAT | File::EXCL)
+ *  == Basic \IO
  *
- *  Note: Method IO#set_encoding does not allow the mode to be specified as an integer.
+ *  You can perform basic stream \IO with these methods,
+ *  which typically operate on multi-byte strings:
  *
- *  ==== Read/Write Mode Specified As a \String
+ *  - IO#read: Reads and returns some or all of the remaining bytes from the stream.
+ *  - IO#write: Writes zero or more strings to the stream;
+ *    each given object that is not already a string is converted via +to_s+.
  *
- *  When +mode+ is a string it must begin with one of the following:
+ *  === Position
  *
- *  - <tt>'r'</tt>: Read-only stream, positioned at the beginning;
- *    the stream cannot be changed to writable.
- *  - <tt>'w'</tt>: Write-only stream, positioned at the beginning;
- *    the stream cannot be changed to readable.
- *  - <tt>'a'</tt>: Write-only stream, positioned at the end;
- *    every write appends to the end;
- *    the stream cannot be changed to readable.
- *  - <tt>'r+'</tt>: Read-write stream, positioned at the beginning.
- *  - <tt>'w+'</tt>: Read-write stream, positioned at the end.
- *  - <tt>'a+'</tt>: Read-write stream, positioned at the end.
+ *  An \IO stream has a nonnegative integer _position_,
+ *  which is the byte offset at which the next read or write is to occur.
+ *  A new stream has position zero (and line number zero);
+ *  method +rewind+ resets the position (and line number) to zero.
  *
- *  For a writable file stream (that is, any except read-only),
- *  the file is truncated to zero if it exists,
- *  and is created if it does not exist.
+ *  The relevant methods:
  *
- *  Examples:
+ *  - IO#tell (aliased as +#pos+): Returns the current position (in bytes) in the stream.
+ *  - IO#pos=: Sets the position of the stream to a given integer +new_position+ (in bytes).
+ *  - IO#seek: Sets the position of the stream to a given integer +offset+ (in bytes),
+ *    relative to a given position +whence+
+ *    (indicating the beginning, end, or current position).
+ *  - IO#rewind: Positions the stream at the beginning (also resetting the line number).
  *
- *    File.open('t.txt', 'r')
- *    File.open('t.tmp', 'w')
+ *  === Open and Closed Streams
  *
- *  === Data Mode
+ *  A new \IO stream may be open for reading, open for writing, or both.
  *
- *  Either of the following may be suffixed to any of the string read/write modes above:
+ *  A stream is automatically closed when claimed by the garbage collector.
  *
- *  - <tt>'t'</tt>: Text data; sets the default external encoding to +Encoding::UTF_8+;
- *    on Windows, enables conversion between EOL and CRLF and enables interpreting +0x1A+
- *    as an end-of-file marker.
- *  - <tt>'b'</tt>: Binary data; sets the default external encoding to +Encoding::ASCII_8BIT+;
- *    on Windows, suppresses conversion between EOL and CRLF and disables interpreting +0x1A+
- *    as an end-of-file marker.
+ *  Attempted reading or writing on a closed stream raises an exception.
  *
- *  If neither is given, the stream defaults to text data.
+ *  The relevant methods:
  *
- *  Examples:
+ *  - IO#close: Closes the stream for both reading and writing.
+ *  - IO#close_read: Closes the stream for reading.
+ *  - IO#close_write: Closes the stream for writing.
+ *  - IO#closed?: Returns whether the stream is closed.
  *
- *    File.open('t.txt', 'rt')
- *    File.open('t.dat', 'rb')
+ *  === End-of-Stream
  *
- *  The following may be suffixed to any writable string mode above:
+ *  You can query whether a stream is positioned at its end:
  *
- *  - <tt>'x'</tt>: Creates the file if it does not exist;
- *    raises an exception if the file exists.
+ *  - IO#eof? (also aliased as +#eof+): Returns whether the stream is at end-of-stream.
  *
- *  Example:
+ *  You can reposition to end-of-stream by using method IO#seek:
  *
- *    File.open('t.tmp', 'wx')
- *
- *  Note that when using integer flags to set the read/write mode, it's not
- *  possible to also set the binary data mode by adding the File::BINARY flag
- *  to the bitwise OR combination of integer flags. This is because, as
- *  documented in File::Constants, the File::BINARY flag only disables line code
- *  conversion, but does not change the external encoding at all.
- *
- *  == Encodings
- *
- *  Any of the string modes above may specify encodings --
- *  either external encoding only or both external and internal encodings --
- *  by appending one or both encoding names, separated by colons:
- *
- *    f = File.new('t.dat', 'rb')
- *    f.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:ASCII-8BIT>
- *    f.internal_encoding # => nil
- *    f = File.new('t.dat', 'rb:UTF-16')
- *    f.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-16 (dummy)>
- *    f.internal_encoding # => nil
- *    f = File.new('t.dat', 'rb:UTF-16:UTF-16')
- *    f.external_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-16 (dummy)>
- *    f.internal_encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-16>
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *    f.eof? # => false
+ *    f.seek(0, :END)
+ *    f.eof? # => true
  *    f.close
  *
- *  The numerous encoding names are available in array Encoding.name_list:
- *
- *    Encoding.name_list.size    # => 175
- *    Encoding.name_list.take(3) # => ["ASCII-8BIT", "UTF-8", "US-ASCII"]
+ *  Or by reading all stream content (which is slower than using IO#seek):
  *
- *  When the external encoding is set,
- *  strings read are tagged by that encoding
- *  when reading, and strings written are converted to that
- *  encoding when writing.
+ *    f.rewind
+ *    f.eof? # => false
+ *    f.read # => "First line\nSecond line\n\nFourth line\nFifth line\n"
+ *    f.eof? # => true
  *
- *  When both external and internal encodings are set,
- *  strings read are converted from external to internal encoding,
- *  and strings written are converted from internal to external encoding.
- *  For further details about transcoding input and output, see Encoding.
+ *  == Line \IO
  *
- *  If the external encoding is <tt>'BOM|UTF-8'</tt>, <tt>'BOM|UTF-16LE'</tt>
- *  or <tt>'BOM|UTF16-BE'</tt>, Ruby checks for
- *  a Unicode BOM in the input document to help determine the encoding.  For
- *  UTF-16 encodings the file open mode must be binary.
- *  If the BOM is found, it is stripped and the external encoding from the BOM is used.
+ *  You can read an \IO stream line-by-line using these methods:
  *
- *  Note that the BOM-style encoding option is case insensitive,
- *  so 'bom|utf-8' is also valid.)
+ *  - IO#each_line: Reads each remaining line, passing it to the given block.
+ *  - IO#gets: Returns the next line.
+ *  - IO#readline: Like #gets, but raises an exception at end-of-stream.
+ *  - IO#readlines: Returns all remaining lines in an array.
  *
- *  == Open Options
+ *  Each of these reader methods accepts:
  *
- *  A number of \IO methods accept optional keyword arguments
- *  that determine how a new stream is to be opened:
- *
- *  - +:mode+: Stream mode.
- *  - +:flags+: \Integer file open flags;
- *    If +mode+ is also given, the two are bitwise-ORed.
- *  - +:external_encoding+: External encoding for the stream.
- *  - +:internal_encoding+: Internal encoding for the stream.
- *    <tt>'-'</tt> is a synonym for the default internal encoding.
- *    If the value is +nil+ no conversion occurs.
- *  - +:encoding+: Specifies external and internal encodings as <tt>'extern:intern'</tt>.
- *  - +:textmode+: If a truthy value, specifies the mode as text-only, binary otherwise.
- *  - +:binmode+: If a truthy value, specifies the mode as binary, text-only otherwise.
- *  - +:autoclose+: If a truthy value, specifies that the +fd+ will close
- *    when the stream closes; otherwise it remains open.
+ *  - An optional line separator, +sep+;
+ *    see {Line Separator}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Separator].
+ *  - An optional line-size limit, +limit+;
+ *    see {Line Limit}[rdoc-ref:IO@Line+Limit].
  *
- *  Also available are the options offered in String#encode,
- *  which may control conversion between external internal encoding.
+ *  For each of these reader methods, reading may begin mid-line,
+ *  depending on the stream's position;
+ *  see {Position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position]:
  *
- *  == Lines
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *    f.pos = 27
+ *    f.each_line {|line| p line }
+ *    f.close
  *
- *  Some reader methods in \IO are line-oriented;
- *  such a method reads one or more lines,
- *  which are separated by an implicit or explicit line separator.
+ *  Output:
  *
- *  These methods include:
+ *    "rth line\n"
+ *    "Fifth line\n"
  *
- *  - Kernel#gets
- *  - Kernel#readline
- *  - Kernel#readlines
- *  - IO.foreach
- *  - IO.readlines
- *  - IO#each_line
- *  - IO#gets
- *  - IO#readline
- *  - IO#readlines
- *  - ARGF.each
- *  - ARGF.gets
- *  - ARGF.readline
- *  - ARGF.readlines
+ *  You can write to an \IO stream line-by-line using this method:
  *
- *  Each of these methods returns +nil+ if called when already at end-of-stream,
- *  except for IO#readline, which raises an exception.
+ *  - IO#puts: Writes objects to the stream.
  *
- *  Each of these methods may be called with:
+ *  === Line Separator
  *
- *  - An optional line separator, +sep+.
- *  - An optional line-size limit, +limit+.
- *  - Both +sep+ and +limit+.
+ *  Each of these methods uses a <i>line separator</i>,
+ *  which is the string that delimits lines:
  *
- *  === Line Separator
+ *  - IO.foreach.
+ *  - IO.readlines.
+ *  - IO#each_line.
+ *  - IO#gets.
+ *  - IO#readline.
+ *  - IO#readlines.
  *
  *  The default line separator is the given by the global variable <tt>$/</tt>,
- *  whose value is often <tt>"\n"</tt>.
+ *  whose value is by default <tt>"\n"</tt>.
  *  The line to be read next is all data from the current position
  *  to the next line separator:
  *
- *    f = File.open('t.txt')
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt')
  *    f.gets # => "First line\n"
  *    f.gets # => "Second line\n"
  *    f.gets # => "\n"
@@ -14669,9 +14946,18 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *
  *  === Line Limit
  *
- *  The line to be read may be further defined by an optional argument +limit+,
- *  which specifies that the line may not be (much) longer than the given limit;
- *  a multi-byte character will not be split, and so a line may be slightly longer
+ *  Each of these methods uses a <i>line limit</i>,
+ *  which specifies that the number of bytes returned may not be (much) longer
+ *  than the given +limit+;
+ *
+ *  - IO.foreach.
+ *  - IO.readlines.
+ *  - IO#each_line.
+ *  - IO#gets.
+ *  - IO#readline.
+ *  - IO#readlines.
+ *
+ *  A multi-byte character will not be split, and so a line may be slightly longer
  *  than the given limit.
  *
  *  If +limit+ is not given, the line is determined only by +sep+.
@@ -14687,10 +14973,10 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *    File.open('t.txt') {|f| f.gets(12) } # => "First line\n"
  *
  *    # Text with 2-byte characters, which will not be split.
- *    File.open('r.rus') {|f| f.gets(1).size } # => 1
- *    File.open('r.rus') {|f| f.gets(2).size } # => 1
- *    File.open('r.rus') {|f| f.gets(3).size } # => 2
- *    File.open('r.rus') {|f| f.gets(4).size } # => 2
+ *    File.open('t.rus') {|f| f.gets(1).size } # => 1
+ *    File.open('t.rus') {|f| f.gets(2).size } # => 1
+ *    File.open('t.rus') {|f| f.gets(3).size } # => 2
+ *    File.open('t.rus') {|f| f.gets(4).size } # => 2
  *
  *  === Line Separator and Line Limit
  *
@@ -14707,17 +14993,38 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *
  *  === Line Number
  *
- *  A readable \IO stream has a _line_ _number_,
- *  which is the non-negative integer line number
- *  in the stream where the next read will occur.
+ *  A readable \IO stream has a non-negative integer <i>line number</i>.
+ *
+ *  The relevant methods:
+ *
+ *  - IO#lineno: Returns the line number.
+ *  - IO#lineno=: Resets and returns the line number.
  *
- *  A new stream is initially has line number +0+.
+ *  Unless modified by a call to method IO#lineno=,
+ *  the line number is the number of lines read
+ *  by certain line-oriented methods,
+ *  according to the given line separator +sep+:
  *
- *  \Method IO#lineno returns the line number.
+ *  - IO.foreach: Increments the line number on each call to the block.
+ *  - IO#each_line: Increments the line number on each call to the block.
+ *  - IO#gets: Increments the line number.
+ *  - IO#readline: Increments the line number.
+ *  - IO#readlines: Increments the line number for each line read.
+ *
+ *  A new stream is initially has line number zero (and position zero);
+ *  method +rewind+ resets the line number (and position) to zero:
+ *
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *    f.lineno # => 0
+ *    f.gets   # => "First line\n"
+ *    f.lineno # => 1
+ *    f.rewind
+ *    f.lineno # => 0
+ *    f.close
  *
  *  Reading lines from a stream usually changes its line number:
  *
- *    f = File.open('t.txt', 'r')
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt', 'r')
  *    f.lineno   # => 0
  *    f.readline # => "This is line one.\n"
  *    f.lineno   # => 1
@@ -14730,24 +15037,87 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *
  *  Iterating over lines in a stream usually changes its line number:
  *
- *       f = File.open('t.txt')
- *       f.each_line do |line|
- *         p "position=#{f.pos} eof?=#{f.eof?} line=#{line}"
- *       end
- *       f.close
+ *    File.open('t.txt') do |f|
+ *      f.each_line do |line|
+ *        p "position=#{f.pos} eof?=#{f.eof?} lineno=#{f.lineno}"
+ *      end
+ *    end
  *
  *  Output:
  *
- *   "position=19 eof?=false line=This is line one.\n"
- *   "position=45 eof?=false line=This is the second line.\n"
- *   "position=70 eof?=true line=This is the third line.\n"
+ *    "position=11 eof?=false lineno=1"
+ *    "position=23 eof?=false lineno=2"
+ *    "position=24 eof?=false lineno=3"
+ *    "position=36 eof?=false lineno=4"
+ *    "position=47 eof?=true lineno=5"
  *
- *  === Line Options
+ *  Unlike the stream's {position}[rdoc-ref:IO@Position],
+ *  the line number does not affect where the next read or write will occur:
  *
- *  A number of \IO methods accept optional keyword arguments
- *  that determine how lines in a stream are to be treated:
+ *    f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *    f.lineno = 1000
+ *    f.lineno # => 1000
+ *    f.gets   # => "First line\n"
+ *    f.lineno # => 1001
+ *    f.close
+ *
+ *  Associated with the line number is the global variable <tt>$.</tt>:
+ *
+ *  - When a stream is opened, <tt>$.</tt> is not set;
+ *    its value is left over from previous activity in the process:
+ *
+ *      $. = 41
+ *      f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *      $. = 41
+ *      # => 41
+ *      f.close
+ *
+ *  - When a stream is read, <tt>$.</tt> is set to the line number for that stream:
+ *
+ *      f0 = File.new('t.txt')
+ *      f1 = File.new('t.dat')
+ *      f0.readlines # => ["First line\n", "Second line\n", "\n", "Fourth line\n", "Fifth line\n"]
+ *      $.           # => 5
+ *      f1.readlines # => ["\xFE\xFF\x99\x90\x99\x91\x99\x92\x99\x93\x99\x94"]
+ *      $.           # => 1
+ *      f0.close
+ *      f1.close
+ *
+ *  - Methods IO#rewind and IO#seek do not affect <tt>$.</tt>:
+ *
+ *      f = File.new('t.txt')
+ *      f.readlines # => ["First line\n", "Second line\n", "\n", "Fourth line\n", "Fifth line\n"]
+ *      $.          # => 5
+ *      f.rewind
+ *      f.seek(0, :SET)
+ *      $.          # => 5
+ *      f.close
  *
- *  - +:chomp+: If +true+, line separators are omitted; default is +false+.
+ *  == Character \IO
+ *
+ *  You can process an \IO stream character-by-character using these methods:
+ *
+ *  - IO#getc: Reads and returns the next character from the stream.
+ *  - IO#readchar: Like #getc, but raises an exception at end-of-stream.
+ *  - IO#ungetc: Pushes back ("unshifts") a character or integer onto the stream.
+ *  - IO#putc: Writes a character to the stream.
+ *  - IO#each_char: Reads each remaining character in the stream,
+ *    passing the character to the given block.
+ *  == Byte \IO
+ *
+ *  You can process an \IO stream byte-by-byte using these methods:
+ *
+ *  - IO#getbyte: Returns the next 8-bit byte as an integer in range 0..255.
+ *  - IO#readbyte: Like #getbyte, but raises an exception if at end-of-stream.
+ *  - IO#ungetbyte: Pushes back ("unshifts") a byte back onto the stream.
+ *  - IO#each_byte: Reads each remaining byte in the stream,
+ *    passing the byte to the given block.
+ *
+ *  == Codepoint \IO
+ *
+ *  You can process an \IO stream codepoint-by-codepoint:
+ *
+ *  - IO#each_codepoint: Reads each remaining codepoint, passing it to the given block.
  *
  *  == What's Here
  *
@@ -14796,11 +15166,11 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *  - #read_nonblock: the next _n_ bytes read from +self+ for a given _n_,
  *    in non-block mode.
  *  - #readbyte: Returns the next byte read from +self+;
- *    same as #getbyte, but raises an exception on end-of-file.
+ *    same as #getbyte, but raises an exception on end-of-stream.
  *  - #readchar: Returns the next character read from +self+;
- *    same as #getc, but raises an exception on end-of-file.
+ *    same as #getc, but raises an exception on end-of-stream.
  *  - #readline: Returns the next line read from +self+;
- *    same as #getline, but raises an exception of end-of-file.
+ *    same as #getline, but raises an exception of end-of-stream.
  *  - #readlines: Returns an array of all lines read read from +self+.
  *  - #readpartial: Returns up to the given number of bytes from +self+.
  *
@@ -14860,7 +15230,7 @@ set_LAST_READ_LINE(VALUE val, ID _x, VALUE *_y)
  *  - #binmode?: Returns whether +self+ is in binary mode.
  *  - #close_on_exec?: Returns the close-on-exec flag for +self+.
  *  - #closed?: Returns whether +self+ is closed.
- *  - #eof? (aliased as #eof): Returns whether +self+ is at end-of-file.
+ *  - #eof? (aliased as #eof): Returns whether +self+ is at end-of-stream.
  *  - #external_encoding: Returns the external encoding object for +self+.
  *  - #fileno (aliased as #to_i): Returns the integer file descriptor for +self+
  *  - #internal_encoding: Returns the internal encoding object for +self+.
@@ -14951,8 +15321,14 @@ Init_IO(void)
     rb_cIO = rb_define_class("IO", rb_cObject);
     rb_include_module(rb_cIO, rb_mEnumerable);
 
+    /* Can be raised by IO operations when IO#timeout= is set. */
+    rb_eIOTimeoutError = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIO, "TimeoutError", rb_eIOError);
+
+    /* Readable event mask for IO#wait. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIO, "READABLE", INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE));
+    /* Writable event mask for IO#wait. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIO, "WRITABLE", INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_WRITABLE));
+    /* Priority event mask for IO#wait. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIO, "PRIORITY", INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_PRIORITY));
 
     /* exception to wait for reading. see IO.select. */
@@ -15049,23 +15425,25 @@ Init_IO(void)
     rb_define_alias(rb_cIO, "to_i", "fileno");
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "to_io", rb_io_to_io, 0);
 
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "fsync",   rb_io_fsync, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "fdatasync",   rb_io_fdatasync, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "sync",   rb_io_sync, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "sync=",  rb_io_set_sync, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "timeout", rb_io_timeout, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "timeout=", rb_io_set_timeout, 1);
+
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "fsync", rb_io_fsync, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "fdatasync", rb_io_fdatasync, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "sync", rb_io_sync, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "sync=", rb_io_set_sync, 1);
 
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "lineno",   rb_io_lineno, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "lineno=",  rb_io_set_lineno, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "lineno", rb_io_lineno, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "lineno=", rb_io_set_lineno, 1);
 
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readlines",  rb_io_readlines, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readlines", rb_io_readlines, -1);
 
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readpartial",  io_readpartial, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "read",  io_read, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readpartial", io_readpartial, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "read", io_read, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "write", io_write_m, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "gets",  rb_io_gets_m, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readline",  rb_io_readline, -1);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getc",  rb_io_getc, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getbyte",  rb_io_getbyte, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "gets", rb_io_gets_m, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getc", rb_io_getc, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getbyte", rb_io_getbyte, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readchar",  rb_io_readchar, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "readbyte",  rb_io_readbyte, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "ungetbyte",rb_io_ungetbyte, 1);
@@ -15098,7 +15476,7 @@ Init_IO(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "close_on_exec=", rb_io_set_close_on_exec, 1);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "close", rb_io_close_m, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "closed?", rb_io_closed, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "closed?", rb_io_closed_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "close_read", rb_io_close_read, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "close_write", rb_io_close_write, 0);
 
@@ -15112,6 +15490,10 @@ Init_IO(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "ioctl", rb_io_ioctl, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "fcntl", rb_io_fcntl, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "pid", rb_io_pid, 0);
+
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "path", rb_io_path, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "to_path", rb_io_path, 0);
+
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "inspect",  rb_io_inspect, 0);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "external_encoding", rb_io_external_encoding, 0);
@@ -15138,13 +15520,12 @@ Init_IO(void)
     rb_gvar_ractor_local("$>");
     rb_gvar_ractor_local("$stderr");
 
-    rb_stdin  = rb_io_prep_stdin();
-    rb_stdout = rb_io_prep_stdout();
-    rb_stderr = rb_io_prep_stderr();
-
     rb_global_variable(&rb_stdin);
+    rb_stdin  = rb_io_prep_stdin();
     rb_global_variable(&rb_stdout);
+    rb_stdout = rb_io_prep_stdout();
     rb_global_variable(&rb_stderr);
+    rb_stderr = rb_io_prep_stderr();
 
     orig_stdout = rb_stdout;
     orig_stderr = rb_stderr;
diff --git a/io.rb b/io.rb
index 40873ea4fd..549c5e62bd 100644
--- a/io.rb
+++ b/io.rb
@@ -120,4 +120,17 @@ class IO
   def write_nonblock(buf, exception: true)
     Primitive.io_write_nonblock(buf, exception)
   end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #   readline(sep = $/, chomp: false)   -> string
+  #   readline(limit, chomp: false)      -> string
+  #   readline(sep, limit, chomp: false) -> string
+  #
+  # Reads a line as with IO#gets, but raises EOFError if already at end-of-stream.
+  #
+  # Optional keyword argument +chomp+ specifies whether line separators
+  # are to be omitted.
+  def readline(sep = $/, limit = nil, chomp: false)
+    Primitive.io_readline(sep, limit, chomp)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/io_buffer.c b/io_buffer.c
index 6ce0dd13df..7715aa0d37 100644
--- a/io_buffer.c
+++ b/io_buffer.c
@@ -11,9 +11,12 @@
 #include "ruby/fiber/scheduler.h"
 
 #include "internal.h"
-#include "internal/string.h"
+#include "internal/array.h"
 #include "internal/bits.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
+#include "internal/numeric.h"
+#include "internal/string.h"
+#include "internal/thread.h"
 
 VALUE rb_cIOBuffer;
 VALUE rb_eIOBufferLockedError;
@@ -31,6 +34,18 @@ size_t RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE;
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #endif
 
+enum {
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_HEXDUMP_DEFAULT_WIDTH = 16,
+
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_INSPECT_HEXDUMP_MAXIMUM_SIZE = 256,
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_INSPECT_HEXDUMP_WIDTH = 16,
+
+    // This is used to validate the flags given by the user.
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_FLAGS_MASK = RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL | RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL | RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED | RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED | RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED | RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE | RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY,
+
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_DEBUG = 0,
+};
+
 struct rb_io_buffer {
     void *base;
     size_t size;
@@ -44,7 +59,7 @@ struct rb_io_buffer {
 };
 
 static inline void *
-io_buffer_map_memory(size_t size)
+io_buffer_map_memory(size_t size, int flags)
 {
 #if defined(_WIN32)
     void * base = VirtualAlloc(0, size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
@@ -53,7 +68,15 @@ io_buffer_map_memory(size_t size)
         rb_sys_fail("io_buffer_map_memory:VirtualAlloc");
     }
 #else
-    void * base = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
+    int mmap_flags = MAP_ANONYMOUS;
+    if (flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED) {
+        mmap_flags |= MAP_SHARED;
+    }
+    else {
+        mmap_flags |= MAP_PRIVATE;
+    }
+
+    void * base = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, mmap_flags, -1, 0);
 
     if (base == MAP_FAILED) {
         rb_sys_fail("io_buffer_map_memory:mmap");
@@ -64,7 +87,7 @@ io_buffer_map_memory(size_t size)
 }
 
 static void
-io_buffer_map_file(struct rb_io_buffer *data, int descriptor, size_t size, off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags)
+io_buffer_map_file(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, int descriptor, size_t size, rb_off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags)
 {
 #if defined(_WIN32)
     HANDLE file = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(descriptor);
@@ -73,25 +96,28 @@ io_buffer_map_file(struct rb_io_buffer *data, int descriptor, size_t size, off_t
     DWORD protect = PAGE_READONLY, access = FILE_MAP_READ;
 
     if (flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY) {
-        data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
     }
     else {
         protect = PAGE_READWRITE;
         access = FILE_MAP_WRITE;
     }
 
-    HANDLE mapping = CreateFileMapping(file, NULL, protect, 0, 0, NULL);
-    if (!mapping) rb_sys_fail("io_buffer_map_descriptor:CreateFileMapping");
-
     if (flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE) {
-        access |= FILE_MAP_COPY;
-        data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE;
+        protect = PAGE_WRITECOPY;
+        access = FILE_MAP_COPY;
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE;
     }
     else {
-        // This buffer refers to external data.
-        data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL;
+        // This buffer refers to external buffer.
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL;
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED;
     }
 
+    HANDLE mapping = CreateFileMapping(file, NULL, protect, 0, 0, NULL);
+    if (RB_IO_BUFFER_DEBUG) fprintf(stderr, "io_buffer_map_file:CreateFileMapping -> %p\n", mapping);
+    if (!mapping) rb_sys_fail("io_buffer_map_descriptor:CreateFileMapping");
+
     void *base = MapViewOfFile(mapping, access, (DWORD)(offset >> 32), (DWORD)(offset & 0xFFFFFFFF), size);
 
     if (!base) {
@@ -99,23 +125,25 @@ io_buffer_map_file(struct rb_io_buffer *data, int descriptor, size_t size, off_t
         rb_sys_fail("io_buffer_map_file:MapViewOfFile");
     }
 
-    data->mapping = mapping;
+    buffer->mapping = mapping;
 #else
     int protect = PROT_READ, access = 0;
 
     if (flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY) {
-        data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
     }
     else {
         protect |= PROT_WRITE;
     }
 
     if (flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE) {
-        data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE;
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE;
+        access |= MAP_PRIVATE;
     }
     else {
-        // This buffer refers to external data.
-        data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL;
+        // This buffer refers to external buffer.
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL;
+        buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED;
         access |= MAP_SHARED;
     }
 
@@ -126,20 +154,11 @@ io_buffer_map_file(struct rb_io_buffer *data, int descriptor, size_t size, off_t
     }
 #endif
 
-    data->base = base;
-    data->size = size;
-
-    data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED;
-}
+    buffer->base = base;
+    buffer->size = size;
 
-static inline void
-io_buffer_unmap(void* base, size_t size)
-{
-#ifdef _WIN32
-    VirtualFree(base, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
-#else
-    munmap(base, size);
-#endif
+    buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED;
+    buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_FILE;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -159,18 +178,18 @@ io_buffer_experimental(void)
 }
 
 static void
-io_buffer_zero(struct rb_io_buffer *data)
+io_buffer_zero(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer)
 {
-    data->base = NULL;
-    data->size = 0;
+    buffer->base = NULL;
+    buffer->size = 0;
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-    data->mapping = NULL;
+    buffer->mapping = NULL;
 #endif
-    data->source = Qnil;
+    buffer->source = Qnil;
 }
 
 static void
-io_buffer_initialize(struct rb_io_buffer *data, void *base, size_t size, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags, VALUE source)
+io_buffer_initialize(VALUE self, struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, void *base, size_t size, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags, VALUE source)
 {
     if (base) {
         // If we are provided a pointer, we use it.
@@ -181,7 +200,7 @@ io_buffer_initialize(struct rb_io_buffer *data, void *base, size_t size, enum rb
             base = calloc(size, 1);
         }
         else if (flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
-            base = io_buffer_map_memory(size);
+            base = io_buffer_map_memory(size, flags);
         }
 
         if (!base) {
@@ -193,73 +212,84 @@ io_buffer_initialize(struct rb_io_buffer *data, void *base, size_t size, enum rb
         return;
     }
 
-    data->base = base;
-    data->size = size;
-    data->flags = flags;
-    data->source = source;
+    buffer->base = base;
+    buffer->size = size;
+    buffer->flags = flags;
+    RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &buffer->source, source);
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+    buffer->mapping = NULL;
+#endif
 }
 
-static int
-io_buffer_free(struct rb_io_buffer *data)
+static void
+io_buffer_free(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer)
 {
-    if (data->base) {
-        if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL) {
-            free(data->base);
+    if (buffer->base) {
+        if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL) {
+            free(buffer->base);
         }
 
-        if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
-            io_buffer_unmap(data->base, data->size);
+        if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+            if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_FILE) {
+                UnmapViewOfFile(buffer->base);
+            }
+            else {
+                VirtualFree(buffer->base, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
+            }
+#else
+            munmap(buffer->base, buffer->size);
+#endif
         }
 
         // Previously we had this, but we found out due to the way GC works, we
         // can't refer to any other Ruby objects here.
-        // if (RB_TYPE_P(data->source, T_STRING)) {
-        //     rb_str_unlocktmp(data->source);
+        // if (RB_TYPE_P(buffer->source, T_STRING)) {
+        //     rb_str_unlocktmp(buffer->source);
         // }
 
-        data->base = NULL;
+        buffer->base = NULL;
+
+        buffer->size = 0;
+        buffer->flags = 0;
+        buffer->source = Qnil;
+    }
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-        if (data->mapping) {
-            CloseHandle(data->mapping);
-            data->mapping = NULL;
+    if (buffer->mapping) {
+        if (RB_IO_BUFFER_DEBUG) fprintf(stderr, "io_buffer_free:CloseHandle -> %p\n", buffer->mapping);
+        if (!CloseHandle(buffer->mapping)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "io_buffer_free:GetLastError -> %d\n", GetLastError());
         }
-#endif
-        data->size = 0;
-        data->flags = 0;
-        data->source = Qnil;
-
-        return 1;
+        buffer->mapping = NULL;
     }
-
-    return 0;
+#endif
 }
 
 void
-rb_io_buffer_type_mark(void *_data)
+rb_io_buffer_type_mark(void *_buffer)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = _data;
-    rb_gc_mark(data->source);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = _buffer;
+    rb_gc_mark(buffer->source);
 }
 
 void
-rb_io_buffer_type_free(void *_data)
+rb_io_buffer_type_free(void *_buffer)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = _data;
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = _buffer;
 
-    io_buffer_free(data);
-
-    free(data);
+    io_buffer_free(buffer);
 }
 
 size_t
-rb_io_buffer_type_size(const void *_data)
+rb_io_buffer_type_size(const void *_buffer)
 {
-    const struct rb_io_buffer *data = _data;
+    const struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = _buffer;
     size_t total = sizeof(struct rb_io_buffer);
 
-    if (data->flags) {
-        total += data->size;
+    if (buffer->flags) {
+        total += buffer->size;
     }
 
     return total;
@@ -273,34 +303,178 @@ static const rb_data_type_t rb_io_buffer_type = {
         .dsize = rb_io_buffer_type_size,
     },
     .data = NULL,
-    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE,
 };
 
+static inline enum rb_io_buffer_flags
+io_buffer_extract_flags(VALUE argument)
+{
+    if (rb_int_negative_p(argument)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Flags can't be negative!");
+    }
+
+    enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags = RB_NUM2UINT(argument);
+
+    // We deliberately ignore unknown flags. Any future flags which are exposed this way should be safe to ignore.
+    return flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_FLAGS_MASK;
+}
+
+// Extract an offset argument, which must be a non-negative integer.
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_extract_offset(VALUE argument)
+{
+    if (rb_int_negative_p(argument)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Offset can't be negative!");
+    }
+
+    return NUM2SIZET(argument);
+}
+
+// Extract a length argument, which must be a non-negative integer.
+// Length is generally considered a mutable property of an object and
+// semantically should be considered a subset of "size" as a concept.
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_extract_length(VALUE argument)
+{
+    if (rb_int_negative_p(argument)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Length can't be negative!");
+    }
+
+    return NUM2SIZET(argument);
+}
+
+// Extract a size argument, which must be a non-negative integer.
+// Size is generally considered an immutable property of an object.
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_extract_size(VALUE argument)
+{
+    if (rb_int_negative_p(argument)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Size can't be negative!");
+    }
+
+    return NUM2SIZET(argument);
+}
+
+// Extract a width argument, which must be a non-negative integer, and must be
+// at least the given minimum.
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_extract_width(VALUE argument, size_t minimum)
+{
+    if (rb_int_negative_p(argument)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Width can't be negative!");
+    }
+
+    size_t width = NUM2SIZET(argument);
+
+    if (width < minimum) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Width must be at least %" PRIuSIZE "!", minimum);
+    }
+
+    return width;
+}
+
+// Compute the default length for a buffer, given an offset into that buffer.
+// The default length is the size of the buffer minus the offset. The offset
+// must be less than the size of the buffer otherwise the length will be
+// invalid; in that case, an ArgumentError exception will be raised.
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_default_length(const struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, size_t offset)
+{
+    if (offset > buffer->size) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "The given offset is bigger than the buffer size!");
+    }
+
+    // Note that the "length" is computed by the size the offset.
+    return buffer->size - offset;
+}
+
+// Extract the optional length and offset arguments, returning the buffer.
+// The length and offset are optional, but if they are provided, they must be
+// positive integers. If the length is not provided, the default length is
+// computed from the buffer size and offset. If the offset is not provided, it
+// defaults to zero.
+static inline struct rb_io_buffer *
+io_buffer_extract_length_offset(VALUE self, int argc, VALUE argv[], size_t *length, size_t *offset)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    if (argc >= 2 && !NIL_P(argv[1])) {
+        *offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(argv[1]);
+    }
+    else {
+        *offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (argc >= 1 && !NIL_P(argv[0])) {
+        *length = io_buffer_extract_length(argv[0]);
+    }
+    else {
+        *length = io_buffer_default_length(buffer, *offset);
+    }
+
+    return buffer;
+}
+
+// Extract the optional offset and length arguments, returning the buffer.
+// Similar to `io_buffer_extract_length_offset` but with the order of arguments
+// reversed.
+//
+// After much consideration, I decided to accept both forms.
+// The `(offset, length)` order is more natural when referring about data,
+// while the `(length, offset)` order is more natural when referring to
+// read/write operations. In many cases, with the latter form, `offset`
+// is usually not supplied.
+static inline struct rb_io_buffer *
+io_buffer_extract_offset_length(VALUE self, int argc, VALUE argv[], size_t *offset, size_t *length)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    if (argc >= 1 && !NIL_P(argv[0])) {
+        *offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(argv[0]);
+    }
+    else {
+        *offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (argc >= 2 && !NIL_P(argv[1])) {
+        *length = io_buffer_extract_length(argv[1]);
+    }
+    else {
+        *length = io_buffer_default_length(buffer, *offset);
+    }
+
+    return buffer;
+}
+
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_type_allocate(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    VALUE instance = TypedData_Make_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    VALUE instance = TypedData_Make_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_zero(data);
+    io_buffer_zero(buffer);
 
     return instance;
 }
 
-static VALUE
-io_buffer_for_make_instance(VALUE klass, VALUE string)
+static VALUE io_buffer_for_make_instance(VALUE klass, VALUE string, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags)
 {
     VALUE instance = rb_io_buffer_type_allocate(klass);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags = RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL;
+    flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL;
 
     if (RB_OBJ_FROZEN(string))
         flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
 
-    io_buffer_initialize(data, RSTRING_PTR(string), RSTRING_LEN(string), flags, string);
+    if (!(flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY))
+        rb_str_modify(string);
+
+    io_buffer_initialize(instance, buffer, RSTRING_PTR(string), RSTRING_LEN(string), flags, string);
 
     return instance;
 }
@@ -309,6 +483,7 @@ struct io_buffer_for_yield_instance_arguments {
     VALUE klass;
     VALUE string;
     VALUE instance;
+    enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags;
 };
 
 static VALUE
@@ -316,9 +491,9 @@ io_buffer_for_yield_instance(VALUE _arguments)
 {
     struct io_buffer_for_yield_instance_arguments *arguments = (struct io_buffer_for_yield_instance_arguments *)_arguments;
 
-    rb_str_locktmp(arguments->string);
+    arguments->instance = io_buffer_for_make_instance(arguments->klass, arguments->string, arguments->flags);
 
-    arguments->instance = io_buffer_for_make_instance(arguments->klass, arguments->string);
+    rb_str_locktmp(arguments->string);
 
     return rb_yield(arguments->instance);
 }
@@ -342,17 +517,18 @@ io_buffer_for_yield_instance_ensure(VALUE _arguments)
  *    IO::Buffer.for(string) -> readonly io_buffer
  *    IO::Buffer.for(string) {|io_buffer| ... read/write io_buffer ...}
  *
- *  Creates a IO::Buffer from the given string's memory. Without a block a
- *  frozen internal copy of the string is created efficiently and used as the
- *  buffer source. When a block is provided, the buffer is associated directly
- *  with the string's internal data and updating the buffer will update the
- *  string.
+ *  Creates a zero-copy IO::Buffer from the given string's memory. Without a
+ *  block a frozen internal copy of the string is created efficiently and used
+ *  as the buffer source. When a block is provided, the buffer is associated
+ *  directly with the string's internal buffer and updating the buffer will
+ *  update the string.
  *
  *  Until #free is invoked on the buffer, either explicitly or via the garbage
  *  collector, the source string will be locked and cannot be modified.
  *
  *  If the string is frozen, it will create a read-only buffer which cannot be
- *  modified.
+ *  modified. If the string is shared, it may trigger a copy-on-write when
+ *  using the block form.
  *
  *    string = 'test'
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
@@ -384,6 +560,7 @@ rb_io_buffer_type_for(VALUE klass, VALUE string)
             .klass = klass,
             .string = string,
             .instance = Qnil,
+            .flags = 0,
         };
 
         return rb_ensure(io_buffer_for_yield_instance, (VALUE)&arguments, io_buffer_for_yield_instance_ensure, (VALUE)&arguments);
@@ -391,36 +568,65 @@ rb_io_buffer_type_for(VALUE klass, VALUE string)
     else {
         // This internally returns the source string if it's already frozen.
         string = rb_str_tmp_frozen_acquire(string);
-        return io_buffer_for_make_instance(klass, string);
+        return io_buffer_for_make_instance(klass, string, RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY);
     }
 }
 
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   IO::Buffer.string(length) {|io_buffer| ... read/write io_buffer ...} -> string
+ *
+ * Creates a new string of the given length and yields a zero-copy IO::Buffer
+ * instance to the block which uses the string as a source. The block is
+ * expected to write to the buffer and the string will be returned.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.string(4) do |buffer|
+ *      buffer.set_string("Ruby")
+ *    end
+ *    # => "Ruby"
+ */
+VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_type_string(VALUE klass, VALUE length)
+{
+    VALUE string = rb_str_new(NULL, RB_NUM2LONG(length));
+
+    struct io_buffer_for_yield_instance_arguments arguments = {
+        .klass = klass,
+        .string = string,
+        .instance = Qnil,
+    };
+
+    rb_ensure(io_buffer_for_yield_instance, (VALUE)&arguments, io_buffer_for_yield_instance_ensure, (VALUE)&arguments);
+
+    return string;
+}
+
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_new(void *base, size_t size, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags)
 {
     VALUE instance = rb_io_buffer_type_allocate(rb_cIOBuffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_initialize(data, base, size, flags, Qnil);
+    io_buffer_initialize(instance, buffer, base, size, flags, Qnil);
 
     return instance;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_map(VALUE io, size_t size, off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags)
+rb_io_buffer_map(VALUE io, size_t size, rb_off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags)
 {
     io_buffer_experimental();
 
     VALUE instance = rb_io_buffer_type_allocate(rb_cIOBuffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(io);
 
-    io_buffer_map_file(data, descriptor, size, offset, flags);
+    io_buffer_map_file(buffer, descriptor, size, offset, flags);
 
     return instance;
 }
@@ -437,48 +643,45 @@ rb_io_buffer_map(VALUE io, size_t size, off_t offset, enum rb_io_buffer_flags fl
  *  mapping, you need to open a file in read-write mode, and explicitly pass
  *  +flags+ argument without IO::Buffer::IMMUTABLE.
  *
- *     File.write('test.txt', 'test')
+ *    File.write('test.txt', 'test')
  *
- *     buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt'), nil, 0, IO::Buffer::READONLY)
- *     # => #<IO::Buffer 0x00000001014a0000+4 MAPPED READONLY>
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt'), nil, 0, IO::Buffer::READONLY)
+ *    # => #<IO::Buffer 0x00000001014a0000+4 MAPPED READONLY>
  *
- *     buffer.readonly?   # => true
+ *    buffer.readonly?   # => true
  *
- *     buffer.get_string
- *     # => "test"
+ *    buffer.get_string
+ *    # => "test"
  *
- *     buffer.set_string('b', 0)
- *     # `set_string': Buffer is not writable! (IO::Buffer::AccessError)
+ *    buffer.set_string('b', 0)
+ *    # `set_string': Buffer is not writable! (IO::Buffer::AccessError)
  *
- *     # create read/write mapping: length 4 bytes, offset 0, flags 0
- *     buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt', 'r+'), 4, 0)
- *     buffer.set_string('b', 0)
- *     # => 1
+ *    # create read/write mapping: length 4 bytes, offset 0, flags 0
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt', 'r+'), 4, 0)
+ *    buffer.set_string('b', 0)
+ *    # => 1
  *
- *     # Check it
- *     File.read('test.txt')
- *     # => "best"
+ *    # Check it
+ *    File.read('test.txt')
+ *    # => "best"
  *
  *  Note that some operating systems may not have cache coherency between mapped
  *  buffers and file reads.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_map(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
 {
-    if (argc < 1 || argc > 4) {
-        rb_error_arity(argc, 2, 4);
-    }
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 4);
 
     // We might like to handle a string path?
     VALUE io = argv[0];
 
     size_t size;
     if (argc >= 2 && !RB_NIL_P(argv[1])) {
-        size = RB_NUM2SIZE(argv[1]);
+        size = io_buffer_extract_size(argv[1]);
     }
     else {
-        off_t file_size = rb_file_size(io);
+        rb_off_t file_size = rb_file_size(io);
 
         // Compiler can confirm that we handled file_size < 0 case:
         if (file_size < 0) {
@@ -494,14 +697,15 @@ io_buffer_map(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
         }
     }
 
-    off_t offset = 0;
+    // This is the file offset, not the buffer offset:
+    rb_off_t offset = 0;
     if (argc >= 3) {
         offset = NUM2OFFT(argv[2]);
     }
 
     enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags = 0;
     if (argc >= 4) {
-        flags = RB_NUM2UINT(argv[3]);
+        flags = io_buffer_extract_flags(argv[3]);
     }
 
     return rb_io_buffer_map(io, size, offset, flags);
@@ -524,43 +728,37 @@ io_flags_for_size(size_t size)
  *  Create a new zero-filled IO::Buffer of +size+ bytes.
  *  By default, the buffer will be _internal_: directly allocated chunk
  *  of the memory. But if the requested +size+ is more than OS-specific
- *  IO::Bufer::PAGE_SIZE, the buffer would be allocated using the
+ *  IO::Buffer::PAGE_SIZE, the buffer would be allocated using the
  *  virtual memory mechanism (anonymous +mmap+ on Unix, +VirtualAlloc+
  *  on Windows). The behavior can be forced by passing IO::Buffer::MAPPED
  *  as a second parameter.
  *
- *  Examples
- *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(4)
  *    # =>
- *    #  #<IO::Buffer 0x000055b34497ea10+4 INTERNAL>
- *    #  0x00000000  00 00 00 00                                     ....
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x000055b34497ea10+4 INTERNAL>
+ *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 00                                     ....
  *
  *    buffer.get_string(0, 1) # => "\x00"
  *
  *    buffer.set_string("test")
  *    buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x000055b34497ea10+4 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74                                     test
- *
  */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
     io_buffer_experimental();
 
-    if (argc < 0 || argc > 2) {
-        rb_error_arity(argc, 0, 2);
-    }
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 2);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     size_t size;
-
     if (argc > 0) {
-        size = RB_NUM2SIZE(argv[0]);
+        size = io_buffer_extract_size(argv[0]);
     }
     else {
         size = RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE;
@@ -568,13 +766,13 @@ rb_io_buffer_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     enum rb_io_buffer_flags flags = 0;
     if (argc >= 2) {
-        flags = RB_NUM2UINT(argv[1]);
+        flags = io_buffer_extract_flags(argv[1]);
     }
     else {
         flags |= io_flags_for_size(size);
     }
 
-    io_buffer_initialize(data, NULL, size, flags, Qnil);
+    io_buffer_initialize(self, buffer, NULL, size, flags, Qnil);
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -609,17 +807,93 @@ io_buffer_validate_slice(VALUE source, void *base, size_t size)
 }
 
 static int
-io_buffer_validate(struct rb_io_buffer *data)
+io_buffer_validate(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer)
 {
-    if (data->source != Qnil) {
+    if (buffer->source != Qnil) {
         // Only slices incur this overhead, unfortunately... better safe than sorry!
-        return io_buffer_validate_slice(data->source, data->base, data->size);
+        return io_buffer_validate_slice(buffer->source, buffer->base, buffer->size);
     }
     else {
         return 1;
     }
 }
 
+enum rb_io_buffer_flags
+rb_io_buffer_get_bytes(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    if (io_buffer_validate(buffer)) {
+        if (buffer->base) {
+            *base = buffer->base;
+            *size = buffer->size;
+
+            return buffer->flags;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *base = NULL;
+    *size = 0;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// Internal function for accessing bytes for writing, wil
+static inline void
+io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, void **base, size_t *size)
+{
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferAccessError, "Buffer is not writable!");
+    }
+
+    if (!io_buffer_validate(buffer)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferInvalidatedError, "Buffer is invalid!");
+    }
+
+    if (buffer->base) {
+        *base = buffer->base;
+        *size = buffer->size;
+    } else {
+        *base = NULL;
+        *size = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, base, size);
+}
+
+static void
+io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, const void **base, size_t *size)
+{
+    if (!io_buffer_validate(buffer)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferInvalidatedError, "Buffer has been invalidated!");
+    }
+
+    if (buffer->base) {
+        *base = buffer->base;
+        *size = buffer->size;
+    } else {
+        *base = NULL;
+        *size = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(VALUE self, const void **base, size_t *size)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(buffer, base, size);
+}
+
 /*
  *  call-seq: to_s -> string
  *
@@ -628,61 +902,97 @@ io_buffer_validate(struct rb_io_buffer *data)
  *
  *    puts IO::Buffer.new(4) # uses to_s internally
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x000055769f41b1a0+4 INTERNAL>
- *
  */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_to_s(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     VALUE result = rb_str_new_cstr("#<");
 
     rb_str_append(result, rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(self)));
-    rb_str_catf(result, " %p+%"PRIdSIZE, data->base, data->size);
+    rb_str_catf(result, " %p+%"PRIdSIZE, buffer->base, buffer->size);
 
-    if (data->base == NULL) {
+    if (buffer->base == NULL) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " NULL");
     }
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " EXTERNAL");
     }
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " INTERNAL");
     }
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " MAPPED");
     }
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_FILE) {
+        rb_str_cat2(result, " FILE");
+    }
+
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED) {
+        rb_str_cat2(result, " SHARED");
+    }
+
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " LOCKED");
     }
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE) {
+        rb_str_cat2(result, " PRIVATE");
+    }
+
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " READONLY");
     }
 
-    if (data->source != Qnil) {
+    if (buffer->source != Qnil) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " SLICE");
     }
 
-    if (!io_buffer_validate(data)) {
+    if (!io_buffer_validate(buffer)) {
         rb_str_cat2(result, " INVALID");
     }
 
     return rb_str_cat2(result, ">");
 }
 
+// Compute the output size of a hexdump of the given width (bytes per line), total size, and whether it is the first line in the output.
+// This is used to preallocate the output string.
+inline static size_t
+io_buffer_hexdump_output_size(size_t width, size_t size, int first)
+{
+    // The preview on the right hand side is 1:1:
+    size_t total = size;
+
+    size_t whole_lines = (size / width);
+    size_t partial_line = (size % width) ? 1 : 0;
+
+    // For each line:
+    // 1 byte    10 bytes  1 byte  width*3 bytes   1 byte  size bytes
+    // (newline) (address) (space) (hexdump      ) (space) (preview)
+    total += (whole_lines + partial_line) * (1 + 10 + width*3 + 1 + 1);
+
+    // If the hexdump is the first line, one less newline will be emitted:
+    if (size && first) total -= 1;
+
+    return total;
+}
+
+// Append a hexdump of the given width (bytes per line), base address, size, and whether it is the first line in the output.
+// If the hexdump is not the first line, it will prepend a newline if there is any output at all.
+// If formatting here is adjusted, please update io_buffer_hexdump_output_size accordingly.
 static VALUE
-io_buffer_hexdump(VALUE string, size_t width, char *base, size_t size, int first)
+io_buffer_hexdump(VALUE string, size_t width, const char *base, size_t length, size_t offset, int first)
 {
     char *text = alloca(width+1);
     text[width] = '\0';
 
-    for (size_t offset = 0; offset < size; offset += width) {
+    for (; offset < length; offset += width) {
         memset(text, '\0', width);
         if (first) {
             rb_str_catf(string, "0x%08" PRIxSIZE " ", offset);
@@ -693,7 +1003,7 @@ io_buffer_hexdump(VALUE string, size_t width, char *base, size_t size, int first
         }
 
         for (size_t i = 0; i < width; i += 1) {
-            if (offset+i < size) {
+            if (offset+i < length) {
                 unsigned char value = ((unsigned char*)base)[offset+i];
 
                 if (value < 127 && isprint(value)) {
@@ -716,35 +1026,40 @@ io_buffer_hexdump(VALUE string, size_t width, char *base, size_t size, int first
     return string;
 }
 
-static VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_hexdump(VALUE self)
-{
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
-
-    VALUE result = Qnil;
-
-    if (io_buffer_validate(data) && data->base) {
-        result = rb_str_buf_new(data->size*3 + (data->size/16)*12 + 1);
-
-        io_buffer_hexdump(result, 16, data->base, data->size, 1);
-    }
-
-    return result;
-}
-
+/*
+ *  call-seq: inspect -> string
+ *
+ *  Inspect the buffer and report useful information about it's internal state.
+ *  Only a limited portion of the buffer will be displayed in a hexdump style
+ *  format.
+ *
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for("Hello World")
+ *    puts buffer.inspect
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x000000010198ccd8+11 EXTERNAL READONLY SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 57 6f 72 6c 64                Hello World
+ */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_inspect(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     VALUE result = rb_io_buffer_to_s(self);
 
-    if (io_buffer_validate(data)) {
-        // Limit the maximum size genearted by inspect.
-        if (data->size <= 256) {
-            io_buffer_hexdump(result, 16, data->base, data->size, 0);
+    if (io_buffer_validate(buffer)) {
+        // Limit the maximum size generated by inspect:
+        size_t size = buffer->size;
+        int clamped = 0;
+
+        if (size > RB_IO_BUFFER_INSPECT_HEXDUMP_MAXIMUM_SIZE) {
+            size = RB_IO_BUFFER_INSPECT_HEXDUMP_MAXIMUM_SIZE;
+            clamped = 1;
+        }
+
+        io_buffer_hexdump(result, RB_IO_BUFFER_INSPECT_HEXDUMP_WIDTH, buffer->base, size, 0, 0);
+
+        if (clamped) {
+            rb_str_catf(result, "\n(and %" PRIuSIZE " more bytes not printed)", buffer->size - size);
         }
     }
 
@@ -756,49 +1071,54 @@ rb_io_buffer_inspect(VALUE self)
  *
  *  Returns the size of the buffer that was explicitly set (on creation with ::new
  *  or on #resize), or deduced on buffer's creation from string or file.
- *
  */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_size(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return SIZET2NUM(data->size);
+    return SIZET2NUM(buffer->size);
 }
 
 /*
  *  call-seq: valid? -> true or false
  *
- *  Returns whether the buffer data is accessible.
- *
- *  A buffer becomes invalid if it is a slice of another buffer which has been
- *  freed.
+ *  Returns whether the buffer buffer is accessible.
  *
+ *  A buffer becomes invalid if it is a slice of another buffer (or string)
+ *  which has been freed or re-allocated at a different address.
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_valid_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(io_buffer_validate(data));
+    return RBOOL(io_buffer_validate(buffer));
 }
 
 /*
  *  call-seq: null? -> true or false
  *
- *  If the buffer was freed with #free or was never allocated in the first
- *  place.
+ *  If the buffer was freed with #free, transferred with #transfer, or was
+ *  never allocated in the first place.
+ *
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(0)
+ *    buffer.null? #=> true
  *
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(4)
+ *    buffer.null? #=> false
+ *    buffer.free
+ *    buffer.null? #=> true
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_null_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(data->base == NULL);
+    return RBOOL(buffer->base == NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -807,15 +1127,14 @@ rb_io_buffer_null_p(VALUE self)
  *  If the buffer has 0 size: it is created by ::new with size 0, or with ::for
  *  from an empty string. (Note that empty files can't be mapped, so the buffer
  *  created with ::map will never be empty.)
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_empty_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(data->size == 0);
+    return RBOOL(buffer->size == 0);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -828,15 +1147,14 @@ rb_io_buffer_empty_p(VALUE self)
  *  memory.
  *
  *  External buffer can't be resized.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_external_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL);
+    return RBOOL(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -854,15 +1172,14 @@ rb_io_buffer_external_p(VALUE self)
  *
  *  Internal buffers can be resized, and such an operation will typically
  *  invalidate all slices, but not always.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_internal_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL);
+    return RBOOL(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -877,15 +1194,46 @@ rb_io_buffer_internal_p(VALUE self)
  *
  *  Mapped buffers can usually be resized, and such an operation will typically
  *  invalidate all slices, but not always.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_mapped_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    return RBOOL(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq: shared? -> true or false
+ *
+ *  If the buffer is _shared_, meaning it references memory that can be shared
+ *  with other processes (and thus might change without being modified
+ *  locally).
+ *
+ *    # Create a test file:
+ *    File.write('test.txt', 'test')
+ *
+ *    # Create a shared mapping from the given file, the file must be opened in
+ *    # read-write mode unless we also specify IO::Buffer::READONLY:
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt', 'r+'), nil, 0)
+ *    # => #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f1bffd5e000+4 EXTERNAL MAPPED SHARED>
+ *
+ *    # Write to the buffer, which will modify the mapped file:
+ *    buffer.set_string('b', 0)
+ *    # => 1
+ *
+ *    # The file itself is modified:
+ *    File.read('test.txt')
+ *    # => "best"
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_shared_p(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED);
+    return RBOOL(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -901,24 +1249,54 @@ rb_io_buffer_mapped_p(VALUE self)
  *    buffer.locked do
  *      buffer.write(io) # theoretical system call interface
  *    end
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_locked_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    return RBOOL(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED);
+}
+
+/*  call-seq: private? -> true or false
+ *
+ *  If the buffer is _private_, meaning modifications to the buffer will not
+ *  be replicated to the underlying file mapping.
+ *
+ *    # Create a test file:
+ *    File.write('test.txt', 'test')
+ *
+ *    # Create a private mapping from the given file. Note that the file here
+ *    # is opened in read-only mode, but it doesn't matter due to the private
+ *    # mapping:
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt'), nil, 0, IO::Buffer::PRIVATE)
+ *    # => #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fce63f11000+4 MAPPED PRIVATE>
+ *
+ *    # Write to the buffer (invoking CoW of the underlying file buffer):
+ *    buffer.set_string('b', 0)
+ *    # => 1
+ *
+ *    # The file itself is not modified:
+ *    File.read('test.txt')
+ *    # => "test"
+ */
+static VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_private_p(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return RBOOL(data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED);
+    return RBOOL(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE);
 }
 
 int
 rb_io_buffer_readonly_p(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    return data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
+    return buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -928,7 +1306,6 @@ rb_io_buffer_readonly_p(VALUE self)
  *  #set_value, #set_string or #copy and similar.
  *
  *  Frozen strings and read-only files create read-only buffers.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_readonly_p(VALUE self)
@@ -936,32 +1313,44 @@ io_buffer_readonly_p(VALUE self)
     return RBOOL(rb_io_buffer_readonly_p(self));
 }
 
-VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_lock(VALUE self)
+static void
+io_buffer_lock(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
-
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferLockedError, "Buffer already locked!");
     }
 
-    data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
-
-    return self;
+    buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_unlock(VALUE self)
+rb_io_buffer_lock(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    io_buffer_lock(buffer);
+
+    return self;
+}
 
-    if (!(data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED)) {
+static void
+io_buffer_unlock(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer)
+{
+    if (!(buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED)) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferLockedError, "Buffer not locked!");
     }
 
-    data->flags &= ~RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
+    buffer->flags &= ~RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_unlock(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    io_buffer_unlock(buffer);
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -969,11 +1358,11 @@ rb_io_buffer_unlock(VALUE self)
 int
 rb_io_buffer_try_unlock(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
-        data->flags &= ~RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+        buffer->flags &= ~RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -988,6 +1377,12 @@ rb_io_buffer_try_unlock(VALUE self)
  *  can enter the lock. Also, locked buffer can't be changed with #resize or
  *  #free.
  *
+ *  The following operations acquire a lock: #resize, #free.
+ *
+ *  Locking is not thread safe. It is designed as a safety net around
+ *  non-blocking system calls. You can only share a buffer between threads with
+ *  appropriate synchronisation techniques.
+ *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(4)
  *    buffer.locked? #=> false
  *
@@ -1003,28 +1398,22 @@ rb_io_buffer_try_unlock(VALUE self)
  *        buffer.set_string("test", 0)
  *      end
  *    end
- *
- *  The following operations acquire a lock: #resize, #free.
- *
- *  Locking is not thread safe. It is designed as a safety net around
- *  non-blocking system calls. You can only share a buffer between threads with
- *  appropriate synchronisation techniques.
  */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_locked(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferLockedError, "Buffer already locked!");
     }
 
-    data->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
+    buffer->flags |= RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
 
     VALUE result = rb_yield(self);
 
-    data->flags &= ~RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
+    buffer->flags &= ~RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED;
 
     return result;
 }
@@ -1039,214 +1428,214 @@ rb_io_buffer_locked(VALUE self)
  *
  *  After the buffer is freed, no further operations can't be performed on it.
  *
- *     buffer = IO::Buffer.for('test')
- *     buffer.free
- *     # => #<IO::Buffer 0x0000000000000000+0 NULL>
- *
- *     buffer.get_value(:U8, 0)
- *     # in `get_value': The buffer is not allocated! (IO::Buffer::AllocationError)
+ *  You can resize a freed buffer to re-allocate it.
  *
- *     buffer.get_string
- *     # in `get_string': The buffer is not allocated! (IO::Buffer::AllocationError)
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for('test')
+ *    buffer.free
+ *    # => #<IO::Buffer 0x0000000000000000+0 NULL>
  *
- *     buffer.null?
- *     # => true
+ *    buffer.get_value(:U8, 0)
+ *    # in `get_value': The buffer is not allocated! (IO::Buffer::AllocationError)
  *
- *  You can resize a freed buffer to re-allocate it.
+ *    buffer.get_string
+ *    # in `get_string': The buffer is not allocated! (IO::Buffer::AllocationError)
  *
+ *    buffer.null?
+ *    # => true
  */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_free(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferLockedError, "Buffer is locked!");
     }
 
-    io_buffer_free(data);
+    io_buffer_free(buffer);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+VALUE rb_io_buffer_free_locked(VALUE self)
+{
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
+    io_buffer_unlock(buffer);
+    io_buffer_free(buffer);
 
     return self;
 }
 
+// Validate that access to the buffer is within bounds, assuming you want to
+// access length bytes from the specified offset.
 static inline void
-io_buffer_validate_range(struct rb_io_buffer *data, size_t offset, size_t length)
+io_buffer_validate_range(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, size_t offset, size_t length)
 {
-    if (offset + length > data->size) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Specified offset+length exceeds data size!");
+    // We assume here that offset + length won't overflow:
+    if (offset + length > buffer->size) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Specified offset+length is bigger than the buffer size!");
     }
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq: slice(offset, length) -> io_buffer
- *
- *  Produce another IO::Buffer which is a slice (or view into) the current one
- *  starting at +offset+ bytes and going for +length+ bytes.
- *
- *  The slicing happens without copying of memory, and the slice keeps being
- *  associated with the original buffer's source (string, or file), if any.
- *
- *  Raises RuntimeError if the <tt>offset+length<tt> is out of the current
- *  buffer's bounds.
- *
- *     string = 'test'
- *     buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
- *
- *     slice = buffer.slice(1, 2)
- *     # =>
- *     #  #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fc3d34ebc49+2 SLICE>
- *     #  0x00000000  65 73                                           es
- *
- *     # Put "o" into 0s position of the slice
- *     slice.set_string('o', 0)
- *     slice
- *     # =>
- *     #  #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fc3d34ebc49+2 SLICE>
- *     #  0x00000000  6f 73                                           os
+ *  call-seq: hexdump([offset, [length, [width]]]) -> string
  *
+ *  Returns a human-readable string representation of the buffer. The exact
+ *  format is subject to change.
  *
- *     # it is also visible at position 1 of the original buffer
- *     buffer
- *     # =>
- *     #  #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fc3d31e2d80+4 SLICE>
- *     #  0x00000000  74 6f 73 74                                     tost
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for("Hello World")
+ *    puts buffer.hexdump
+ *    # 0x00000000  48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 57 6f 72 6c 64                Hello World
  *
- *     # ...and original string
- *     string
- *     # => tost
+ *  As buffers are usually fairly big, you may want to limit the output by
+ *  specifying the offset and length:
  *
+ *    puts buffer.hexdump(6, 5)
+ *    # 0x00000006  57 6f 72 6c 64                                  World
  */
-VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_slice(VALUE self, VALUE _offset, VALUE _length)
-{
-    // TODO fail on negative offets/lengths.
-    size_t offset = NUM2SIZET(_offset);
-    size_t length = NUM2SIZET(_length);
-
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
-
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, offset, length);
-
-    VALUE instance = rb_io_buffer_type_allocate(rb_class_of(self));
-    struct rb_io_buffer *slice = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, slice);
-
-    slice->base = (char*)data->base + offset;
-    slice->size = length;
-
-    // The source should be the root buffer:
-    if (data->source != Qnil)
-        slice->source = data->source;
-    else
-        slice->source = self;
-
-    return instance;
-}
-
-int
-rb_io_buffer_get_bytes(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size)
+static VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_hexdump(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 3);
 
-    if (io_buffer_validate(data)) {
-        if (data->base) {
-            *base = data->base;
-            *size = data->size;
+    size_t offset, length;
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = io_buffer_extract_offset_length(self, argc, argv, &offset, &length);
 
-            return data->flags;
-        }
+    size_t width = RB_IO_BUFFER_HEXDUMP_DEFAULT_WIDTH;
+    if (argc >= 3) {
+        width = io_buffer_extract_width(argv[2], 1);
     }
 
-    *base = NULL;
-    *size = 0;
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static void
-io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(struct rb_io_buffer *data, void **base, size_t *size)
-{
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferAccessError, "Buffer is not writable!");
-    }
+    // This may raise an exception if the offset/length is invalid:
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
-    if (!io_buffer_validate(data)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferInvalidatedError, "Buffer is invalid!");
-    }
+    VALUE result = Qnil;
 
-    if (data->base) {
-        *base = data->base;
-        *size = data->size;
+    if (io_buffer_validate(buffer) && buffer->base) {
+        result = rb_str_buf_new(io_buffer_hexdump_output_size(width, length, 1));
 
-        return;
+        io_buffer_hexdump(result, width, buffer->base, offset+length, offset, 1);
     }
 
-    rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferAllocationError, "The buffer is not allocated!");
+    return result;
 }
 
-void
-rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(VALUE self, void **base, size_t *size)
+static VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_slice(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, VALUE self, size_t offset, size_t length)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, base, size);
-}
-
-static void
-io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(struct rb_io_buffer *data, const void **base, size_t *size)
-{
-    if (!io_buffer_validate(data)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferInvalidatedError, "Buffer has been invalidated!");
-    }
+    VALUE instance = rb_io_buffer_type_allocate(rb_class_of(self));
+    struct rb_io_buffer *slice = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, slice);
 
-    if (data->base) {
-        *base = data->base;
-        *size = data->size;
+    slice->base = (char*)buffer->base + offset;
+    slice->size = length;
 
-        return;
+    // The source should be the root buffer:
+    if (buffer->source != Qnil) {
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(instance, &slice->source, buffer->source);
+    }
+    else {
+        RB_OBJ_WRITE(instance, &slice->source, self);
     }
 
-    rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferAllocationError, "The buffer is not allocated!");
+    return instance;
 }
 
-void
-rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(VALUE self, const void **base, size_t *size)
+/*
+ *  call-seq: slice([offset, [length]]) -> io_buffer
+ *
+ *  Produce another IO::Buffer which is a slice (or view into) the current one
+ *  starting at +offset+ bytes and going for +length+ bytes.
+ *
+ *  The slicing happens without copying of memory, and the slice keeps being
+ *  associated with the original buffer's source (string, or file), if any.
+ *
+ *  If the offset is not given, it will be zero. If the offset is negative, it
+ *  will raise an ArgumentError.
+ *
+ *  If the length is not given, the slice will be as long as the original
+ *  buffer minus the specified offset. If the length is negative, it will raise
+ *  an ArgumentError.
+ *
+ *  Raises RuntimeError if the <tt>offset+length</tt> is out of the current
+ *  buffer's bounds.
+ *
+ *    string = 'test'
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
+ *
+ *    slice = buffer.slice
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000000108338e68+4 SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74                                     test
+ *
+ *    buffer.slice(2)
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000000108338e6a+2 SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  73 74                                           st
+ *
+ *    slice = buffer.slice(1, 2)
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fc3d34ebc49+2 SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  65 73                                           es
+ *
+ *    # Put "o" into 0s position of the slice
+ *    slice.set_string('o', 0)
+ *    slice
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fc3d34ebc49+2 SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  6f 73                                           os
+ *
+ *    # it is also visible at position 1 of the original buffer
+ *    buffer
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007fc3d31e2d80+4 SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  74 6f 73 74                                     tost
+ *
+ *    # ...and original string
+ *    string
+ *    # => tost
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_slice(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 2);
 
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(data, base, size);
+    size_t offset, length;
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = io_buffer_extract_offset_length(self, argc, argv, &offset, &length);
+
+    return rb_io_buffer_slice(buffer, self, offset, length);
 }
 
 /*
  *  call-seq: transfer -> new_io_buffer
  *
- *  Transfers ownership to a new buffer, deallocating the current one.
- *
- *     buffer = IO::Buffer.new('test')
- *     other = buffer.transfer
- *     other
- *     #  =>
- *     # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f136a15f7b0+4 SLICE>
- *     # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74                                     test
- *     buffer
- *     #  =>
- *     # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000000000000000+0 NULL>
- *     buffer.null?
- *     # => true
+ *  Transfers ownership of the underlying memory to a new buffer, causing the
+ *  current buffer to become uninitialized.
  *
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new('test')
+ *    other = buffer.transfer
+ *    other
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f136a15f7b0+4 SLICE>
+ *    # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74                                     test
+ *    buffer
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000000000000000+0 NULL>
+ *    buffer.null?
+ *    # => true
  */
 VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_transfer(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferLockedError, "Cannot transfer ownership of locked buffer!");
     }
 
@@ -1254,91 +1643,96 @@ rb_io_buffer_transfer(VALUE self)
     struct rb_io_buffer *transferred;
     TypedData_Get_Struct(instance, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, transferred);
 
-    *transferred = *data;
-    io_buffer_zero(data);
+    *transferred = *buffer;
+    io_buffer_zero(buffer);
 
     return instance;
 }
 
 static void
-io_buffer_resize_clear(struct rb_io_buffer *data, void* base, size_t size)
+io_buffer_resize_clear(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, void* base, size_t size)
 {
-    if (size > data->size) {
-        memset((unsigned char*)base+data->size, 0, size - data->size);
+    if (size > buffer->size) {
+        memset((unsigned char*)base+buffer->size, 0, size - buffer->size);
     }
 }
 
 static void
-io_buffer_resize_copy(struct rb_io_buffer *data, size_t size)
+io_buffer_resize_copy(VALUE self, struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, size_t size)
 {
     // Slow path:
     struct rb_io_buffer resized;
-    io_buffer_initialize(&resized, NULL, size, io_flags_for_size(size), Qnil);
+    io_buffer_initialize(self, &resized, NULL, size, io_flags_for_size(size), Qnil);
 
-    if (data->base) {
-        size_t preserve = data->size;
+    if (buffer->base) {
+        size_t preserve = buffer->size;
         if (preserve > size) preserve = size;
-        memcpy(resized.base, data->base, preserve);
+        memcpy(resized.base, buffer->base, preserve);
 
-        io_buffer_resize_clear(data, resized.base, size);
+        io_buffer_resize_clear(buffer, resized.base, size);
     }
 
-    io_buffer_free(data);
-    *data = resized;
+    io_buffer_free(buffer);
+    *buffer = resized;
 }
 
 void
 rb_io_buffer_resize(VALUE self, size_t size)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferLockedError, "Cannot resize locked buffer!");
     }
 
-    if (data->base == NULL) {
-        io_buffer_initialize(data, NULL, size, io_flags_for_size(size), Qnil);
+    if (buffer->base == NULL) {
+        io_buffer_initialize(self, buffer, NULL, size, io_flags_for_size(size), Qnil);
         return;
     }
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL) {
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL) {
         rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferAccessError, "Cannot resize external buffer!");
     }
 
 #if defined(HAVE_MREMAP) && defined(MREMAP_MAYMOVE)
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
-        void *base = mremap(data->base, data->size, size, MREMAP_MAYMOVE);
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED) {
+        void *base = mremap(buffer->base, buffer->size, size, MREMAP_MAYMOVE);
 
         if (base == MAP_FAILED) {
             rb_sys_fail("rb_io_buffer_resize:mremap");
         }
 
-        io_buffer_resize_clear(data, base, size);
+        io_buffer_resize_clear(buffer, base, size);
 
-        data->base = base;
-        data->size = size;
+        buffer->base = base;
+        buffer->size = size;
 
         return;
     }
 #endif
 
-    if (data->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL) {
-        void *base = realloc(data->base, size);
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL) {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            io_buffer_free(buffer);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        void *base = realloc(buffer->base, size);
 
         if (!base) {
             rb_sys_fail("rb_io_buffer_resize:realloc");
         }
 
-        io_buffer_resize_clear(data, base, size);
+        io_buffer_resize_clear(buffer, base, size);
 
-        data->base = base;
-        data->size = size;
+        buffer->base = base;
+        buffer->size = size;
 
         return;
     }
 
-    io_buffer_resize_copy(data, size);
+    io_buffer_resize_copy(self, buffer, size);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1352,18 +1746,17 @@ rb_io_buffer_resize(VALUE self, size_t size)
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(4)
  *    buffer.set_string("test", 0)
  *    buffer.resize(8) # resize to 8 bytes
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5d1a1630+8 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74 00 00 00 00                         test....
  *
  *  External buffer (created with ::for), and locked buffer
  *  can not be resized.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_resize(VALUE self, VALUE size)
 {
-    rb_io_buffer_resize(self, NUM2SIZET(size));
+    rb_io_buffer_resize(self, io_buffer_extract_size(size));
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -1373,7 +1766,6 @@ io_buffer_resize(VALUE self, VALUE size)
  *
  * Buffers are compared by size and exact contents of the memory they are
  * referencing using +memcmp+.
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_compare(VALUE self, VALUE other)
@@ -1399,7 +1791,7 @@ static void
 io_buffer_validate_type(size_t size, size_t offset)
 {
     if (offset > size) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Type extends beyond end of buffer!");
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Type extends beyond end of buffer! (offset=%"PRIdSIZE" > size=%"PRIdSIZE")", offset, size);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1449,8 +1841,8 @@ ruby_swapf64(double value)
     return swap.value;
 }
 
-#define DECLARE_TYPE(name, type, endian, wrap, unwrap, swap) \
-static ID RB_IO_BUFFER_TYPE_##name; \
+#define IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(name, type, endian, wrap, unwrap, swap) \
+static ID RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name; \
 \
 static VALUE \
 io_buffer_read_##name(const void* base, size_t size, size_t *offset) \
@@ -1471,67 +1863,123 @@ io_buffer_write_##name(const void* base, size_t size, size_t *offset, VALUE _val
     if (endian != RB_IO_BUFFER_HOST_ENDIAN) value = swap(value); \
     memcpy((char*)base + *offset, &value, sizeof(type)); \
     *offset += sizeof(type); \
-}
-
-DECLARE_TYPE(U8, uint8_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap8)
-DECLARE_TYPE(S8, int8_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap8)
-
-DECLARE_TYPE(u16, uint16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap16)
-DECLARE_TYPE(U16, uint16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap16)
-DECLARE_TYPE(s16, int16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap16)
-DECLARE_TYPE(S16, int16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap16)
+} \
+\
+enum { \
+    RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name##_SIZE = sizeof(type) \
+};
 
-DECLARE_TYPE(u32, uint32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap32)
-DECLARE_TYPE(U32, uint32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap32)
-DECLARE_TYPE(s32, int32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap32)
-DECLARE_TYPE(S32, int32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap32)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(U8, uint8_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap8)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(S8, int8_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap8)
+
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(u16, uint16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap16)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(U16, uint16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap16)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(s16, int16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap16)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(S16, int16_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap16)
+
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(u32, uint32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap32)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(U32, uint32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_UINT2NUM, RB_NUM2UINT, ruby_swap32)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(s32, int32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap32)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(S32, int32_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_INT2NUM, RB_NUM2INT, ruby_swap32)
+
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(u64, uint64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_ULL2NUM, RB_NUM2ULL, ruby_swap64)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(U64, uint64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_ULL2NUM, RB_NUM2ULL, ruby_swap64)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(s64, int64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_LL2NUM, RB_NUM2LL, ruby_swap64)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(S64, int64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_LL2NUM, RB_NUM2LL, ruby_swap64)
+
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(f32, float, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf32)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(F32, float, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf32)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(f64, double, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf64)
+IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE(F64, double, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf64)
+#undef IO_BUFFER_DECLARE_TYPE
+
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_buffer_type_size(ID buffer_type)
+{
+#define IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(name) if (buffer_type == RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name) return RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name##_SIZE;
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(U8)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(S8)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(u16)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(U16)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(s16)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(S16)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(u32)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(U32)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(s32)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(S32)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(u64)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(U64)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(s64)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(S64)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(f32)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(F32)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(f64)
+    IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE(F64)
+#undef IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_SIZE
 
-DECLARE_TYPE(u64, uint64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_ULL2NUM, RB_NUM2ULL, ruby_swap64)
-DECLARE_TYPE(U64, uint64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_ULL2NUM, RB_NUM2ULL, ruby_swap64)
-DECLARE_TYPE(s64, int64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, RB_LL2NUM, RB_NUM2LL, ruby_swap64)
-DECLARE_TYPE(S64, int64_t, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, RB_LL2NUM, RB_NUM2LL, ruby_swap64)
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid type name!");
+}
 
-DECLARE_TYPE(f32, float, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf32)
-DECLARE_TYPE(F32, float, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf32)
-DECLARE_TYPE(f64, double, RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf64)
-DECLARE_TYPE(F64, double, RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN, DBL2NUM, NUM2DBL, ruby_swapf64)
-#undef DECLARE_TYPE
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    size_of(buffer_type) -> byte size
+ *    size_of(array of buffer_type) -> byte size
+ *
+ *  Returns the size of the given buffer type(s) in bytes.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.size_of(:u32) # => 4
+ *    IO::Buffer.size_of([:u32, :u32]) # => 8
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_size_of(VALUE klass, VALUE buffer_type)
+{
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(buffer_type, T_ARRAY)) {
+        size_t total = 0;
+        for (long i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(buffer_type); i++) {
+            total += io_buffer_buffer_type_size(RB_SYM2ID(RARRAY_AREF(buffer_type, i)));
+        }
+        return SIZET2NUM(total);
+    }
+    else {
+        return SIZET2NUM(io_buffer_buffer_type_size(RB_SYM2ID(buffer_type)));
+    }
+}
 
-VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_get_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID type, size_t offset)
+static inline VALUE
+rb_io_buffer_get_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID buffer_type, size_t *offset)
 {
-#define READ_TYPE(name) if (type == RB_IO_BUFFER_TYPE_##name) return io_buffer_read_##name(base, size, &offset);
-    READ_TYPE(U8);
-    READ_TYPE(S8);
+#define IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(name) if (buffer_type == RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name) return io_buffer_read_##name(base, size, offset);
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(U8)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(S8)
 
-    READ_TYPE(u16);
-    READ_TYPE(U16);
-    READ_TYPE(s16);
-    READ_TYPE(S16);
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(u16)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(U16)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(s16)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(S16)
 
-    READ_TYPE(u32);
-    READ_TYPE(U32);
-    READ_TYPE(s32);
-    READ_TYPE(S32);
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(u32)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(U32)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(s32)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(S32)
 
-    READ_TYPE(u64);
-    READ_TYPE(U64);
-    READ_TYPE(s64);
-    READ_TYPE(S64);
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(u64)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(U64)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(s64)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(S64)
 
-    READ_TYPE(f32);
-    READ_TYPE(F32);
-    READ_TYPE(f64);
-    READ_TYPE(F64);
-#undef READ_TYPE
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(f32)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(F32)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(f64)
+    IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE(F64)
+#undef IO_BUFFER_GET_VALUE
 
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid type name!");
 }
 
 /*
- *  call-seq: get_value(type, offset) -> numeric
+ *  call-seq: get_value(buffer_type, offset) -> numeric
  *
- *  Read from buffer a value of +type+ at +offset+. +type+ should be one
+ *  Read from buffer a value of +type+ at +offset+. +buffer_type+ should be one
  *  of symbols:
  *
  *  * +:U8+: unsigned integer, 1 byte
@@ -1553,53 +2001,243 @@ rb_io_buffer_get_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID type, size_t offset)
  *  * +:f64+: double, 8 bytes, little-endian
  *  * +:F64+: double, 8 bytes, big-endian
  *
- *  Example:
+ *  A buffer type refers specifically to the type of binary buffer that is stored
+ *  in the buffer. For example, a +:u32+ buffer type is a 32-bit unsigned
+ *  integer in little-endian format.
  *
  *    string = [1.5].pack('f')
  *    # => "\x00\x00\xC0?"
  *    IO::Buffer.for(string).get_value(:f32, 0)
  *    # => 1.5
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_get_value(VALUE self, VALUE type, VALUE _offset)
 {
     const void *base;
     size_t size;
-    size_t offset = NUM2SIZET(_offset);
+    size_t offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(_offset);
 
     rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(self, &base, &size);
 
-    return rb_io_buffer_get_value(base, size, RB_SYM2ID(type), offset);
+    return rb_io_buffer_get_value(base, size, RB_SYM2ID(type), &offset);
 }
 
-void
-rb_io_buffer_set_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID type, size_t offset, VALUE value)
+/*
+ *  call-seq: get_values(buffer_types, offset) -> array
+ *
+ *  Similar to #get_value, except that it can handle multiple buffer types and
+ *  returns an array of values.
+ *
+ *    string = [1.5, 2.5].pack('ff')
+ *    IO::Buffer.for(string).get_values([:f32, :f32], 0)
+ *    # => [1.5, 2.5]
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_get_values(VALUE self, VALUE buffer_types, VALUE _offset)
+{
+    size_t offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(_offset);
+
+    const void *base;
+    size_t size;
+    rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(self, &base, &size);
+
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(buffer_types, T_ARRAY)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Argument buffer_types should be an array!");
+    }
+
+    VALUE array = rb_ary_new_capa(RARRAY_LEN(buffer_types));
+
+    for (long i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(buffer_types); i++) {
+        VALUE type = rb_ary_entry(buffer_types, i);
+        VALUE value = rb_io_buffer_get_value(base, size, RB_SYM2ID(type), &offset);
+        rb_ary_push(array, value);
+    }
+
+    return array;
+}
+
+// Extract a count argument, which must be a positive integer.
+// Count is generally considered relative to the number of things.
+static inline size_t
+io_buffer_extract_count(VALUE argument)
+{
+    if (rb_int_negative_p(argument)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Count can't be negative!");
+    }
+
+    return NUM2SIZET(argument);
+}
+
+static inline void
+io_buffer_extract_offset_count(ID buffer_type, size_t size, int argc, VALUE *argv, size_t *offset, size_t *count)
+{
+    if (argc >= 1) {
+        *offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(argv[0]);
+    }
+    else {
+        *offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (argc >= 2) {
+        *count = io_buffer_extract_count(argv[1]);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (*offset > size) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "The given offset is bigger than the buffer size!");
+        }
+
+        *count = (size - *offset) / io_buffer_buffer_type_size(buffer_type);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    each(buffer_type, [offset, [count]]) {|offset, value| ...} -> self
+ *    each(buffer_type, [offset, [count]]) -> enumerator
+ *
+ *  Iterates over the buffer, yielding each +value+ of +buffer_type+ starting
+ *  from +offset+.
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is given, only +count+ values will be yielded.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.for("Hello World").each(:U8, 2, 2) do |offset, value|
+ *      puts "#{offset}: #{value}"
+ *    end
+ *    # 2: 108
+ *    # 3: 108
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_each(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    RETURN_ENUMERATOR_KW(self, argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
+
+    const void *base;
+    size_t size;
+
+    rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(self, &base, &size);
+
+    ID buffer_type;
+    if (argc >= 1) {
+        buffer_type = RB_SYM2ID(argv[0]);
+    }
+    else {
+        buffer_type = RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_U8;
+    }
+
+    size_t offset, count;
+    io_buffer_extract_offset_count(buffer_type, size, argc-1, argv+1, &offset, &count);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        size_t current_offset = offset;
+        VALUE value = rb_io_buffer_get_value(base, size, buffer_type, &offset);
+        rb_yield_values(2, SIZET2NUM(current_offset), value);
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq: values(buffer_type, [offset, [count]]) -> array
+ *
+ *  Returns an array of values of +buffer_type+ starting from +offset+.
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is given, only +count+ values will be returned.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.for("Hello World").values(:U8, 2, 2)
+ *    # => [108, 108]
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_values(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-#define WRITE_TYPE(name) if (type == RB_IO_BUFFER_TYPE_##name) {io_buffer_write_##name(base, size, &offset, value); return;}
-    WRITE_TYPE(U8);
-    WRITE_TYPE(S8);
+    const void *base;
+    size_t size;
 
-    WRITE_TYPE(u16);
-    WRITE_TYPE(U16);
-    WRITE_TYPE(s16);
-    WRITE_TYPE(S16);
+    rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(self, &base, &size);
 
-    WRITE_TYPE(u32);
-    WRITE_TYPE(U32);
-    WRITE_TYPE(s32);
-    WRITE_TYPE(S32);
+    ID buffer_type;
+    if (argc >= 1) {
+        buffer_type = RB_SYM2ID(argv[0]);
+    }
+    else {
+        buffer_type = RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_U8;
+    }
+
+    size_t offset, count;
+    io_buffer_extract_offset_count(buffer_type, size, argc-1, argv+1, &offset, &count);
 
-    WRITE_TYPE(u64);
-    WRITE_TYPE(U64);
-    WRITE_TYPE(s64);
-    WRITE_TYPE(S64);
+    VALUE array = rb_ary_new_capa(count);
 
-    WRITE_TYPE(f32);
-    WRITE_TYPE(F32);
-    WRITE_TYPE(f64);
-    WRITE_TYPE(F64);
-#undef WRITE_TYPE
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        VALUE value = rb_io_buffer_get_value(base, size, buffer_type, &offset);
+        rb_ary_push(array, value);
+    }
+
+    return array;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *    each_byte([offset, [count]]) {|offset, byte| ...} -> self
+ *    each_byte([offset, [count]]) -> enumerator
+ *
+ *  Iterates over the buffer, yielding each byte starting from +offset+.
+ *
+ *  If +count+ is given, only +count+ bytes will be yielded.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.for("Hello World").each_byte(2, 2) do |offset, byte|
+ *      puts "#{offset}: #{byte}"
+ *    end
+ *    # 2: 108
+ *    # 3: 108
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_each_byte(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    RETURN_ENUMERATOR_KW(self, argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
+
+    const void *base;
+    size_t size;
+
+    rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(self, &base, &size);
+
+    size_t offset, count;
+    io_buffer_extract_offset_count(RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_U8, size, argc-1, argv+1, &offset, &count);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        unsigned char *value = (unsigned char *)base + i + offset;
+        rb_yield(RB_INT2FIX(*value));
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static inline void
+rb_io_buffer_set_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID buffer_type, size_t *offset, VALUE value)
+{
+#define IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(name) if (buffer_type == RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name) {io_buffer_write_##name(base, size, offset, value); return;}
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(U8);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(S8);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(u16);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(U16);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(s16);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(S16);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(u32);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(U32);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(s32);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(S32);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(u64);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(U64);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(s64);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(S64);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(f32);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(F32);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(f64);
+    IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE(F64);
+#undef IO_BUFFER_SET_VALUE
 
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid type name!");
 }
@@ -1611,13 +2249,15 @@ rb_io_buffer_set_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID type, size_t offset, VA
  *  symbols described in #get_value.
  *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(8)
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5c9a2d50+8 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+ *
  *    buffer.set_value(:U8, 1, 111)
  *    # => 1
+ *
  *    buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5c9a2d50+8 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  00 6f 00 00 00 00 00 00                         .o......
  *
@@ -1625,37 +2265,82 @@ rb_io_buffer_set_value(const void* base, size_t size, ID type, size_t offset, VA
  *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(8)
  *    buffer.set_value(:U32, 0, 2.5)
+ *
  *    buffer
- *    #   =>
- *    #  #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5c9a2d50+8 INTERNAL>
- *    #  0x00000000  00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00
- *    #                       ^^ the same as if we'd pass just integer 2
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5c9a2d50+8 INTERNAL>
+ *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00
+ *    #                      ^^ the same as if we'd pass just integer 2
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_set_value(VALUE self, VALUE type, VALUE _offset, VALUE value)
 {
     void *base;
     size_t size;
-    size_t offset = NUM2SIZET(_offset);
+    size_t offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(_offset);
 
     rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(self, &base, &size);
 
-    rb_io_buffer_set_value(base, size, RB_SYM2ID(type), offset, value);
+    rb_io_buffer_set_value(base, size, RB_SYM2ID(type), &offset, value);
+
+    return SIZET2NUM(offset);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq: set_values(buffer_types, offset, values) -> offset
+ *
+ *  Write +values+ of +buffer_types+ at +offset+ to the buffer. +buffer_types+
+ *  should be an array of symbols as described in #get_value. +values+ should
+ *  be an array of values to write.
+ *
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(8)
+ *    buffer.set_values([:U8, :U16], 0, [1, 2])
+ *    buffer
+ *    # =>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x696f717561746978+8 INTERNAL>
+ *    # 0x00000000  01 00 02 00 00 00 00 00                         ........
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_set_values(VALUE self, VALUE buffer_types, VALUE _offset, VALUE values)
+{
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(buffer_types, T_ARRAY)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Argument buffer_types should be an array!");
+    }
+
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(values, T_ARRAY)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Argument values should be an array!");
+    }
+
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(buffer_types) != RARRAY_LEN(values)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Argument buffer_types and values should have the same length!");
+    }
+
+    size_t offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(_offset);
+
+    void *base;
+    size_t size;
+    rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(self, &base, &size);
+
+    for (long i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(buffer_types); i++) {
+        VALUE type = rb_ary_entry(buffer_types, i);
+        VALUE value = rb_ary_entry(values, i);
+        rb_io_buffer_set_value(base, size, RB_SYM2ID(type), &offset, value);
+    }
 
     return SIZET2NUM(offset);
 }
 
 static void
-io_buffer_memcpy(struct rb_io_buffer *data, size_t offset, const void *source_base, size_t source_offset, size_t source_size, size_t length)
+io_buffer_memcpy(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, size_t offset, const void *source_base, size_t source_offset, size_t source_size, size_t length)
 {
     void *base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, offset, length);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     if (source_offset + length > source_size) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "The computed source range exceeds the size of the source!");
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "The computed source range exceeds the size of the source buffer!");
     }
 
     memcpy((unsigned char*)base+offset, (unsigned char*)source_base+source_offset, length);
@@ -1663,23 +2348,20 @@ io_buffer_memcpy(struct rb_io_buffer *data, size_t offset, const void *source_ba
 
 // (offset, length, source_offset) -> length
 static VALUE
-io_buffer_copy_from(struct rb_io_buffer *data, const void *source_base, size_t source_size, int argc, VALUE *argv)
+io_buffer_copy_from(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, const void *source_base, size_t source_size, int argc, VALUE *argv)
 {
-    size_t offset;
+    size_t offset = 0;
     size_t length;
     size_t source_offset;
 
     // The offset we copy into the buffer:
     if (argc >= 1) {
-        offset = NUM2SIZET(argv[0]);
-    }
-    else {
-        offset = 0;
+        offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(argv[0]);
     }
 
     // The offset we start from within the string:
     if (argc >= 3) {
-        source_offset = NUM2SIZET(argv[2]);
+        source_offset = io_buffer_extract_offset(argv[2]);
 
         if (source_offset > source_size) {
             rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "The given source offset is bigger than the source itself!");
@@ -1691,14 +2373,14 @@ io_buffer_copy_from(struct rb_io_buffer *data, const void *source_base, size_t s
 
     // The length we are going to copy:
     if (argc >= 2 && !RB_NIL_P(argv[1])) {
-        length = NUM2SIZET(argv[1]);
+        length = io_buffer_extract_length(argv[1]);
     }
     else {
         // Default to the source offset -> source size:
         length = source_size - source_offset;
     }
 
-    io_buffer_memcpy(data, offset, source_base, source_offset, source_size, length);
+    io_buffer_memcpy(buffer, offset, source_base, source_offset, source_size, length);
 
     return SIZET2NUM(length);
 }
@@ -1719,54 +2401,53 @@ io_buffer_copy_from(struct rb_io_buffer *data, const void *source_base, size_t s
  *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000558cbec03320+11 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 57 6f 72 6c 64                Hello World
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 rb_io_buffer_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE source)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     const void *source_base;
     size_t source_size;
 
     rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(source, &source_base, &source_size);
 
-    io_buffer_initialize(data, NULL, source_size, io_flags_for_size(source_size), Qnil);
+    io_buffer_initialize(self, buffer, NULL, source_size, io_flags_for_size(source_size), Qnil);
 
-    return io_buffer_copy_from(data, source_base, source_size, 0, NULL);
+    return io_buffer_copy_from(buffer, source_base, source_size, 0, NULL);
 }
 
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *    copy(source, [offset, [length, [source_offset]]]) -> size
  *
- *  Efficiently copy data from a source IO::Buffer into the buffer,
- *  at +offset+ using +memcpy+. For copying String instances, see #set_string.
+ *  Efficiently copy from a source IO::Buffer into the buffer, at +offset+
+ *  using +memcpy+. For copying String instances, see #set_string.
  *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(32)
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5ca22520+32 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
  *    # 0x00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................  *
  *
  *    buffer.copy(IO::Buffer.for("test"), 8)
- *    # => 4 -- size of data copied
+ *    # => 4 -- size of buffer copied
  *    buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5cf8fe40+32 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 74 65 73 74 00 00 00 00 ........test....
  *    # 0x00000010  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ *
  *
- *  #copy can be used to put data into strings associated with buffer:
+ *  #copy can be used to put buffer into strings associated with buffer:
  *
- *    string= "data:    "
- *    # => "data:    "
+ *    string= "buffer:    "
+ *    # => "buffer:    "
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
  *    buffer.copy(IO::Buffer.for("test"), 5)
  *    # => 4
  *    string
- *    # => "data:test"
+ *    # => "buffer:test"
  *
  *  Attempt to copy into a read-only buffer will fail:
  *
@@ -1784,21 +2465,20 @@ rb_io_buffer_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE source)
  *    File.read('test.txt')
  *    # => "boom"
  *
- *  Attempt to copy the data which will need place outside of buffer's
+ *  Attempt to copy the buffer which will need place outside of buffer's
  *  bounds will fail:
  *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(2)
  *    buffer.copy(IO::Buffer.for('test'), 0)
- *    # in `copy': Specified offset+length exceeds source size! (ArgumentError)
- *
+ *    # in `copy': Specified offset+length is bigger than the buffer size! (ArgumentError)
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_copy(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    if (argc < 1 || argc > 4) rb_error_arity(argc, 1, 4);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 4);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     VALUE source = argv[0];
     const void *source_base;
@@ -1806,7 +2486,7 @@ io_buffer_copy(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(source, &source_base, &source_size);
 
-    return io_buffer_copy_from(data, source_base, source_size, argc-1, argv+1);
+    return io_buffer_copy_from(buffer, source_base, source_size, argc-1, argv+1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1815,47 +2495,35 @@ io_buffer_copy(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *  Read a chunk or all of the buffer into a string, in the specified
  *  +encoding+. If no encoding is provided +Encoding::BINARY+ is used.
  *
- *     buffer = IO::Buffer.for('test')
- *     buffer.get_string
- *     # => "test"
- *     buffer.get_string(2)
- *     # => "st"
- *     buffer.get_string(2, 1)
- *     # => "s"
- *
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for('test')
+ *    buffer.get_string
+ *    # => "test"
+ *    buffer.get_string(2)
+ *    # => "st"
+ *    buffer.get_string(2, 1)
+ *    # => "s"
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_get_string(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    if (argc > 3) rb_error_arity(argc, 0, 3);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 3);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    size_t offset, length;
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = io_buffer_extract_offset_length(self, argc, argv, &offset, &length);
 
     const void *base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(data, &base, &size);
-
-    size_t offset = 0;
-    size_t length = size;
-    rb_encoding *encoding = rb_ascii8bit_encoding();
-
-    if (argc >= 1) {
-        offset = NUM2SIZET(argv[0]);
-    }
-
-    if (argc >= 2 && !RB_NIL_P(argv[1])) {
-        length = NUM2SIZET(argv[1]);
-    }
-    else {
-        length = size - offset;
-    }
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(buffer, &base, &size);
 
+    rb_encoding *encoding;
     if (argc >= 3) {
         encoding = rb_find_encoding(argv[2]);
     }
+    else {
+        encoding = rb_ascii8bit_encoding();
+    }
 
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, offset, length);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     return rb_enc_str_new((const char*)base + offset, length, encoding);
 }
@@ -1863,15 +2531,15 @@ io_buffer_get_string(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 /*
  *  call-seq: set_string(string, [offset, [length, [source_offset]]]) -> size
  *
- *  Efficiently copy data from a source String into the buffer,
- *  at +offset+ using +memcpy+.
+ *  Efficiently copy from a source String into the buffer, at +offset+ using
+ *  +memcpy+.
  *
  *    buf = IO::Buffer.new(8)
  *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000557412714a20+8 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00                         ........
  *
- *    # set data starting from offset 1, take 2 bytes starting from string's
+ *    # set buffer starting from offset 1, take 2 bytes starting from string's
  *    # second
  *    buf.set_string('test', 1, 2, 1)
  *    # => 2
@@ -1886,30 +2554,30 @@ io_buffer_get_string(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_set_string(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    if (argc < 1 || argc > 4) rb_error_arity(argc, 1, 4);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 4);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     VALUE string = rb_str_to_str(argv[0]);
 
     const void *source_base = RSTRING_PTR(string);
     size_t source_size = RSTRING_LEN(string);
 
-    return io_buffer_copy_from(data, source_base, source_size, argc-1, argv+1);
+    return io_buffer_copy_from(buffer, source_base, source_size, argc-1, argv+1);
 }
 
 void
 rb_io_buffer_clear(VALUE self, uint8_t value, size_t offset, size_t length)
 {
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
+
     void *base;
     size_t size;
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-    rb_io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(self, &base, &size);
-
-    if (offset + length > size) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "The given offset + length out of bounds!");
-    }
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     memset((char*)base + offset, value, length);
 }
@@ -1944,33 +2612,19 @@ rb_io_buffer_clear(VALUE self, uint8_t value, size_t offset, size_t length)
  *    # =>
  *    #   <IO::Buffer 0x00007fca40087c38+4 SLICE>
  *    #   0x00000000  01 02 02 02         ....
- *
  */
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_clear(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    if (argc > 3) rb_error_arity(argc, 0, 3);
-
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 3);
 
     uint8_t value = 0;
     if (argc >= 1) {
         value = NUM2UINT(argv[0]);
     }
 
-    size_t offset = 0;
-    if (argc >= 2) {
-        offset = NUM2SIZET(argv[1]);
-    }
-
-    size_t length;
-    if (argc >= 3) {
-        length = NUM2SIZET(argv[2]);
-    }
-    else {
-        length = data->size - offset;
-    }
+    size_t offset, length;
+    io_buffer_extract_offset_length(self, argc-1, argv+1, &offset, &length);
 
     rb_io_buffer_clear(self, value, offset, length);
 
@@ -2002,170 +2656,519 @@ io_buffer_default_size(size_t page_size)
     return platform_agnostic_default_size;
 }
 
+struct io_buffer_blocking_region_argument {
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer;
+    rb_blocking_function_t *function;
+    void *data;
+    int descriptor;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_blocking_region_begin(VALUE _argument)
+{
+    struct io_buffer_blocking_region_argument *argument = (void*)_argument;
+
+    return rb_thread_io_blocking_region(argument->function, argument->data, argument->descriptor);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_blocking_region_ensure(VALUE _argument)
+{
+    struct io_buffer_blocking_region_argument *argument = (void*)_argument;
+
+    io_buffer_unlock(argument->buffer);
+
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_blocking_region(struct rb_io_buffer *buffer, rb_blocking_function_t *function, void *data, int descriptor)
+{
+    struct io_buffer_blocking_region_argument argument = {
+        .buffer = buffer,
+        .function = function,
+        .data = data,
+        .descriptor = descriptor,
+    };
+
+    // If the buffer is already locked, we can skip the ensure (unlock):
+    if (buffer->flags & RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED) {
+        return io_buffer_blocking_region_begin((VALUE)&argument);
+    }
+    else {
+        // The buffer should be locked for the duration of the blocking region:
+        io_buffer_lock(buffer);
+
+        return rb_ensure(io_buffer_blocking_region_begin, (VALUE)&argument, io_buffer_blocking_region_ensure, (VALUE)&argument);
+    }
+}
+
+struct io_buffer_read_internal_argument {
+    // The file descriptor to read from:
+    int descriptor;
+    // The base pointer to read from:
+    char *base;
+    // The size of the buffer:
+    size_t size;
+    // The minimum number of bytes to read:
+    size_t length;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_read_internal(void *_argument)
+{
+    size_t total = 0;
+    struct io_buffer_read_internal_argument *argument = _argument;
+
+    while (true) {
+        ssize_t result = read(argument->descriptor, argument->base, argument->size);
+
+        if (result < 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+        }
+        else if (result == 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+        }
+        else {
+            total += result;
+
+            if (total >= argument->length) {
+                return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+            }
+
+            argument->base = argument->base + result;
+            argument->size = argument->size - result;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_read(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length)
+rb_io_buffer_read(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, size_t offset)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read(scheduler, io, self, length);
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_read(scheduler, io, self, length, offset);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             return result;
         }
     }
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, 0, length);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(io);
 
     void * base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
+
+    base = (unsigned char*)base + offset;
+    size = size - offset;
 
-    ssize_t result = read(descriptor, base, size);
+    struct io_buffer_read_internal_argument argument = {
+        .descriptor = descriptor,
+        .base = base,
+        .size = size,
+        .length = length,
+    };
 
-    return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+    return io_buffer_blocking_region(buffer, io_buffer_read_internal, &argument, descriptor);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq: read(io, [length, [offset]]) -> read length or -errno
+ *
+ *  Read at least +length+ bytes from the +io+, into the buffer starting at
+ *  +offset+. If an error occurs, return <tt>-errno</tt>.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is not given or +nil+, it defaults to the size of the buffer
+ *  minus the offset, i.e. the entire buffer.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero, exactly one <tt>read</tt> operation will occur.
+ *
+ *  If +offset+ is not given, it defaults to zero, i.e. the beginning of the
+ *  buffer.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.for('test') do |buffer|
+ *      p buffer
+ *      # =>
+ *      # <IO::Buffer 0x00007fca40087c38+4 SLICE>
+ *      # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74         test
+ *      buffer.read(File.open('/dev/urandom', 'rb'), 2)
+ *      p buffer
+ *      # =>
+ *      # <IO::Buffer 0x00007f3bc65f2a58+4 EXTERNAL SLICE>
+ *      # 0x00000000  05 35 73 74         .5st
+ *    end
+ */
 static VALUE
-io_buffer_read(VALUE self, VALUE io, VALUE length)
+io_buffer_read(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    return rb_io_buffer_read(self, io, RB_NUM2SIZE(length));
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 3);
+
+    VALUE io = argv[0];
+
+    size_t length, offset;
+    io_buffer_extract_length_offset(self, argc-1, argv+1, &length, &offset);
+
+    return rb_io_buffer_read(self, io, length, offset);
+}
+
+struct io_buffer_pread_internal_argument {
+    // The file descriptor to read from:
+    int descriptor;
+    // The base pointer to read from:
+    char *base;
+    // The size of the buffer:
+    size_t size;
+    // The minimum number of bytes to read:
+    size_t length;
+    // The offset to read from:
+    off_t offset;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_pread_internal(void *_argument)
+{
+    size_t total = 0;
+    struct io_buffer_pread_internal_argument *argument = _argument;
+
+    while (true) {
+        ssize_t result = pread(argument->descriptor, argument->base, argument->size, argument->offset);
+
+        if (result < 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+        }
+        else if (result == 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+        }
+        else {
+            total += result;
+
+            if (total >= argument->length) {
+                return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+            }
+
+            argument->base = argument->base + result;
+            argument->size = argument->size - result;
+            argument->offset = argument->offset + result;
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_pread(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, off_t offset)
+rb_io_buffer_pread(VALUE self, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, size_t length, size_t offset)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pread(scheduler, io, self, length, offset);
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pread(scheduler, io, from, self, length, offset);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             return result;
         }
     }
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, 0, length);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(io);
 
     void * base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-#if defined(HAVE_PREAD)
-    ssize_t result = pread(descriptor, base, size, offset);
-#else
-    // This emulation is not thread safe, but the GVL means it's unlikely to be a problem.
-    off_t current_offset = lseek(descriptor, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-    if (current_offset == (off_t)-1)
-        return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(-1, errno);
+    base = (unsigned char*)base + offset;
+    size = size - offset;
 
-    if (lseek(descriptor, offset, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
-        return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(-1, errno);
+    struct io_buffer_pread_internal_argument argument = {
+        .descriptor = descriptor,
+        .base = base,
+        .size = size,
+        .length = length,
+        .offset = from,
+    };
 
-    ssize_t result = read(descriptor, base, size);
+    return io_buffer_blocking_region(buffer, io_buffer_pread_internal, &argument, descriptor);
+}
 
-    if (lseek(descriptor, current_offset, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
-        return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(-1, errno);
-#endif
+/*
+ *  call-seq: pread(io, from, [length, [offset]]) -> read length or -errno
+ *
+ *  Read at least +length+ bytes from the +io+ starting at the specified +from+
+ *  position, into the buffer starting at +offset+. If an error occurs,
+ *  return <tt>-errno</tt>.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is not given or +nil+, it defaults to the size of the buffer
+ *  minus the offset, i.e. the entire buffer.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero, exactly one <tt>pread</tt> operation will occur.
+ *
+ *  If +offset+ is not given, it defaults to zero, i.e. the beginning of the
+ *  buffer.
+ *
+ *    IO::Buffer.for('test') do |buffer|
+ *      p buffer
+ *      # =>
+ *      # <IO::Buffer 0x00007fca40087c38+4 SLICE>
+ *      # 0x00000000  74 65 73 74         test
+ *
+ *      # take 2 bytes from the beginning of urandom,
+ *      # put them in buffer starting from position 2
+ *      buffer.pread(File.open('/dev/urandom', 'rb'), 0, 2, 2)
+ *      p buffer
+ *      # =>
+ *      # <IO::Buffer 0x00007f3bc65f2a58+4 EXTERNAL SLICE>
+ *      # 0x00000000  05 35 73 74         te.5
+ *    end
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_pread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 2, 4);
 
-    return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+    VALUE io = argv[0];
+    rb_off_t from = NUM2OFFT(argv[1]);
+
+    size_t length, offset;
+    io_buffer_extract_length_offset(self, argc-2, argv+2, &length, &offset);
+
+    return rb_io_buffer_pread(self, io, from, length, offset);
 }
 
+struct io_buffer_write_internal_argument {
+    // The file descriptor to write to:
+    int descriptor;
+    // The base pointer to write from:
+    const char *base;
+    // The size of the buffer:
+    size_t size;
+    // The minimum length to write:
+    size_t length;
+};
+
 static VALUE
-io_buffer_pread(VALUE self, VALUE io, VALUE length, VALUE offset)
+io_buffer_write_internal(void *_argument)
 {
-    return rb_io_buffer_pread(self, io, RB_NUM2SIZE(length), NUM2OFFT(offset));
+    size_t total = 0;
+    struct io_buffer_write_internal_argument *argument = _argument;
+
+    while (true) {
+        ssize_t result = write(argument->descriptor, argument->base, argument->size);
+
+        if (result < 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+        }
+        else if (result == 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+        }
+        else {
+            total += result;
+
+            if (total >= argument->length) {
+                return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+            }
+
+            argument->base = argument->base + result;
+            argument->size = argument->size - result;
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_write(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length)
+rb_io_buffer_write(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, size_t offset)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write(scheduler, io, self, length);
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_write(scheduler, io, self, length, offset);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             return result;
         }
     }
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, 0, length);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(io);
 
     const void * base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(buffer, &base, &size);
+
+    base = (unsigned char*)base + offset;
+    size = size - offset;
 
-    ssize_t result = write(descriptor, base, length);
+    struct io_buffer_write_internal_argument argument = {
+        .descriptor = descriptor,
+        .base = base,
+        .size = size,
+        .length = length,
+    };
 
-    return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+    return io_buffer_blocking_region(buffer, io_buffer_write_internal, &argument, descriptor);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq: write(io, [length, [offset]]) -> written length or -errno
+ *
+ *  Write at least +length+ bytes from the buffer starting at +offset+, into the +io+.
+ *  If an error occurs, return <tt>-errno</tt>.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is not given or +nil+, it defaults to the size of the buffer
+ *  minus the offset, i.e. the entire buffer.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero, exactly one <tt>write</tt> operation will occur.
+ *
+ *  If +offset+ is not given, it defaults to zero, i.e. the beginning of the
+ *  buffer.
+ *
+ *    out = File.open('output.txt', 'wb')
+ *    IO::Buffer.for('1234567').write(out, 3)
+ *
+ *  This leads to +123+ being written into <tt>output.txt</tt>
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_buffer_write(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 3);
+
+    VALUE io = argv[0];
+
+    size_t length, offset;
+    io_buffer_extract_length_offset(self, argc-1, argv+1, &length, &offset);
+
+    return rb_io_buffer_write(self, io, length, offset);
+}
+struct io_buffer_pwrite_internal_argument {
+    // The file descriptor to write to:
+    int descriptor;
+    // The base pointer to write from:
+    const char *base;
+    // The size of the buffer:
+    size_t size;
+    // The minimum length to write:
+    size_t length;
+    // The offset to write to:
+    off_t offset;
+};
+
 static VALUE
-io_buffer_write(VALUE self, VALUE io, VALUE length)
+io_buffer_pwrite_internal(void *_argument)
 {
-    return rb_io_buffer_write(self, io, RB_NUM2SIZE(length));
+    size_t total = 0;
+    struct io_buffer_pwrite_internal_argument *argument = _argument;
+
+    while (true) {
+        ssize_t result = pwrite(argument->descriptor, argument->base, argument->size, argument->offset);
+
+        if (result < 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+        }
+        else if (result == 0) {
+            return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+        }
+        else {
+            total += result;
+
+            if (total >= argument->length) {
+                return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(total, 0);
+            }
+
+            argument->base = argument->base + result;
+            argument->size = argument->size - result;
+            argument->offset = argument->offset + result;
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 VALUE
-rb_io_buffer_pwrite(VALUE self, VALUE io, size_t length, off_t offset)
+rb_io_buffer_pwrite(VALUE self, VALUE io, rb_off_t from, size_t length, size_t offset)
 {
     VALUE scheduler = rb_fiber_scheduler_current();
     if (scheduler != Qnil) {
-        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pwrite(scheduler, io, self, length, OFFT2NUM(offset));
+        VALUE result = rb_fiber_scheduler_io_pwrite(scheduler, io, from, self, length, offset);
 
-        if (result != Qundef) {
+        if (!UNDEF_P(result)) {
             return result;
         }
     }
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_validate_range(data, 0, length);
+    io_buffer_validate_range(buffer, offset, length);
 
     int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(io);
 
     const void * base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_reading(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-#if defined(HAVE_PWRITE)
-    ssize_t result = pwrite(descriptor, base, length, offset);
-#else
-    // This emulation is not thread safe, but the GVL means it's unlikely to be a problem.
-    off_t current_offset = lseek(descriptor, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-    if (current_offset == (off_t)-1)
-        return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(-1, errno);
+    base = (unsigned char*)base + offset;
+    size = size - offset;
 
-    if (lseek(descriptor, offset, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
-        return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(-1, errno);
+    struct io_buffer_pwrite_internal_argument argument = {
+        .descriptor = descriptor,
 
-    ssize_t result = write(descriptor, base, length);
+        // Move the base pointer to the offset:
+        .base = base,
 
-    if (lseek(descriptor, current_offset, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
-        return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(-1, errno);
-#endif
+        // And the size to the length of buffer we want to read:
+        .size = size,
 
-    return rb_fiber_scheduler_io_result(result, errno);
+        // And the length of the buffer we want to write:
+        .length = length,
+
+        // And the offset in the file we want to write from:
+        .offset = from,
+    };
+
+    return io_buffer_blocking_region(buffer, io_buffer_pwrite_internal, &argument, descriptor);
 }
 
+/*
+ *  call-seq: pwrite(io, from, [length, [offset]]) -> written length or -errno
+ *
+ *  Write at least +length+ bytes from the buffer starting at +offset+, into
+ *  the +io+ starting at the specified +from+ position. If an error occurs,
+ *  return <tt>-errno</tt>.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is not given or +nil+, it defaults to the size of the buffer
+ *  minus the offset, i.e. the entire buffer.
+ *
+ *  If +length+ is zero, exactly one <tt>pwrite</tt> operation will occur.
+ *
+ *  If +offset+ is not given, it defaults to zero, i.e. the beginning of the
+ *  buffer.
+ *
+ *  If the +from+ position is beyond the end of the file, the gap will be
+ *  filled with null (0 value) bytes.
+ *
+ *    out = File.open('output.txt', File::RDWR) # open for read/write, no truncation
+ *    IO::Buffer.for('1234567').pwrite(out, 2, 3, 1)
+ *
+ *  This leads to +234+ (3 bytes, starting from position 1) being written into
+ *  <tt>output.txt</tt>, starting from file position 2.
+ */
 static VALUE
-io_buffer_pwrite(VALUE self, VALUE io, VALUE length, VALUE offset)
+io_buffer_pwrite(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    return rb_io_buffer_pwrite(self, io, RB_NUM2SIZE(length), NUM2OFFT(offset));
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 2, 4);
+
+    VALUE io = argv[0];
+    rb_off_t from = NUM2OFFT(argv[1]);
+
+    size_t length, offset;
+    io_buffer_extract_length_offset(self, argc-2, argv+2, &length, &offset);
+
+    return rb_io_buffer_pwrite(self, io, from, length, offset);
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -2198,19 +3201,19 @@ memory_and(unsigned char * restrict output, unsigned char * restrict base, size_
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_and(VALUE self, VALUE mask)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_data);
+    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_buffer);
 
-    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, data->size, io_flags_for_size(data->size));
-    struct rb_io_buffer *output_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_data);
+    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, buffer->size, io_flags_for_size(buffer->size));
+    struct rb_io_buffer *output_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_buffer);
 
-    memory_and(output_data->base, data->base, data->size, mask_data->base, mask_data->size);
+    memory_and(output_buffer->base, buffer->base, buffer->size, mask_buffer->base, mask_buffer->size);
 
     return output;
 }
@@ -2238,19 +3241,19 @@ memory_or(unsigned char * restrict output, unsigned char * restrict base, size_t
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_or(VALUE self, VALUE mask)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_data);
+    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_buffer);
 
-    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, data->size, io_flags_for_size(data->size));
-    struct rb_io_buffer *output_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_data);
+    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, buffer->size, io_flags_for_size(buffer->size));
+    struct rb_io_buffer *output_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_buffer);
 
-    memory_or(output_data->base, data->base, data->size, mask_data->base, mask_data->size);
+    memory_or(output_buffer->base, buffer->base, buffer->size, mask_buffer->base, mask_buffer->size);
 
     return output;
 }
@@ -2278,19 +3281,19 @@ memory_xor(unsigned char * restrict output, unsigned char * restrict base, size_
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_xor(VALUE self, VALUE mask)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_data);
+    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_buffer);
 
-    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, data->size, io_flags_for_size(data->size));
-    struct rb_io_buffer *output_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_data);
+    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, buffer->size, io_flags_for_size(buffer->size));
+    struct rb_io_buffer *output_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_buffer);
 
-    memory_xor(output_data->base, data->base, data->size, mask_data->base, mask_data->size);
+    memory_xor(output_buffer->base, buffer->base, buffer->size, mask_buffer->base, mask_buffer->size);
 
     return output;
 }
@@ -2318,14 +3321,14 @@ memory_not(unsigned char * restrict output, unsigned char * restrict base, size_
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_not(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, data->size, io_flags_for_size(data->size));
-    struct rb_io_buffer *output_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_data);
+    VALUE output = rb_io_buffer_new(NULL, buffer->size, io_flags_for_size(buffer->size));
+    struct rb_io_buffer *output_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(output, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, output_buffer);
 
-    memory_not(output_data->base, data->base, data->size);
+    memory_not(output_buffer->base, buffer->base, buffer->size);
 
     return output;
 }
@@ -2344,7 +3347,7 @@ static inline void
 io_buffer_check_overlaps(struct rb_io_buffer *a, struct rb_io_buffer *b)
 {
     if (io_buffer_overlaps(a, b))
-        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferMaskError, "Mask overlaps source data!");
+        rb_raise(rb_eIOBufferMaskError, "Mask overlaps source buffer!");
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2375,20 +3378,20 @@ memory_and_inplace(unsigned char * restrict base, size_t size, unsigned char * r
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_and_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE mask)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_data);
-    io_buffer_check_overlaps(data, mask_data);
+    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_buffer);
+    io_buffer_check_overlaps(buffer, mask_buffer);
 
     void *base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-    memory_and_inplace(base, size, mask_data->base, mask_data->size);
+    memory_and_inplace(base, size, mask_buffer->base, mask_buffer->size);
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -2421,20 +3424,20 @@ memory_or_inplace(unsigned char * restrict base, size_t size, unsigned char * re
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_or_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE mask)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_data);
-    io_buffer_check_overlaps(data, mask_data);
+    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_buffer);
+    io_buffer_check_overlaps(buffer, mask_buffer);
 
     void *base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-    memory_or_inplace(base, size, mask_data->base, mask_data->size);
+    memory_or_inplace(base, size, mask_buffer->base, mask_buffer->size);
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -2467,20 +3470,20 @@ memory_xor_inplace(unsigned char * restrict base, size_t size, unsigned char * r
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_xor_inplace(VALUE self, VALUE mask)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
-    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *mask_buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mask, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, mask_buffer);
 
-    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_data);
-    io_buffer_check_overlaps(data, mask_data);
+    io_buffer_check_mask(mask_buffer);
+    io_buffer_check_overlaps(buffer, mask_buffer);
 
     void *base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
-    memory_xor_inplace(base, size, mask_data->base, mask_data->size);
+    memory_xor_inplace(base, size, mask_buffer->base, mask_buffer->size);
 
     return self;
 }
@@ -2513,12 +3516,12 @@ memory_not_inplace(unsigned char * restrict base, size_t size)
 static VALUE
 io_buffer_not_inplace(VALUE self)
 {
-    struct rb_io_buffer *data = NULL;
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, data);
+    struct rb_io_buffer *buffer = NULL;
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct rb_io_buffer, &rb_io_buffer_type, buffer);
 
     void *base;
     size_t size;
-    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(data, &base, &size);
+    io_buffer_get_bytes_for_writing(buffer, &base, &size);
 
     memory_not_inplace(base, size);
 
@@ -2528,33 +3531,37 @@ io_buffer_not_inplace(VALUE self)
 /*
  *  Document-class: IO::Buffer
  *
- *  IO::Buffer is a low-level efficient buffer for input/output. There are three
- *  ways of using buffer:
+ *  IO::Buffer is a efficient zero-copy buffer for input/output. There are
+ *  typical use cases:
  *
- *  * Create an empty buffer with ::new, fill it with data using #copy or
- *    #set_value, #set_string, get data with #get_string;
+ *  * Create an empty buffer with ::new, fill it with buffer using #copy or
+ *    #set_value, #set_string, get buffer with #get_string or write it directly
+ *    to some file with #write.
  *  * Create a buffer mapped to some string with ::for, then it could be used
  *    both for reading with #get_string or #get_value, and writing (writing will
- *    change the source string, too);
+ *    change the source string, too).
  *  * Create a buffer mapped to some file with ::map, then it could be used for
  *    reading and writing the underlying file.
+ *  * Create a string of a fixed size with ::string, then #read into it, or
+ *    modify it using #set_value.
  *
  *  Interaction with string and file memory is performed by efficient low-level
  *  C mechanisms like `memcpy`.
  *
  *  The class is meant to be an utility for implementing more high-level mechanisms
- *  like Fiber::SchedulerInterface#io_read and Fiber::SchedulerInterface#io_write.
+ *  like Fiber::Scheduler#io_read and Fiber::Scheduler#io_write and parsing binary
+ *  protocols.
  *
- *  <b>Examples of usage:</b>
+ *  == Examples of Usage
  *
  *  Empty buffer:
  *
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.new(8)  # create empty 8-byte buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5d1a5c50+8 INTERNAL>
  *    # ...
  *    buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # <IO::Buffer 0x0000555f5d156ab0+8 INTERNAL>
  *    # 0x00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  *    buffer.set_string('test', 2) # put there bytes of the "test" string, starting from offset 2
@@ -2564,22 +3571,22 @@ io_buffer_not_inplace(VALUE self)
  *
  *  \Buffer from string:
  *
- *    string = 'data'
+ *    string = 'buffer'
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.for(string)
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f3f02be9b18+4 SLICE>
  *    # ...
  *    buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f3f02be9b18+4 SLICE>
- *    # 0x00000000  64 61 74 61                                     data
+ *    # 0x00000000  64 61 74 61                                     buffer
  *
  *    buffer.get_string(2)  # read content starting from offset 2
  *    # => "ta"
  *    buffer.set_string('---', 1) # write content, starting from offset 1
  *    # => 3
  *    buffer
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f3f02be9b18+4 SLICE>
  *    # 0x00000000  64 2d 2d 2d                                     d---
  *    string  # original string changed, too
@@ -2587,10 +3594,10 @@ io_buffer_not_inplace(VALUE self)
  *
  *  \Buffer from file:
  *
- *    File.write('test.txt', 'test data')
+ *    File.write('test.txt', 'test buffer')
  *    # => 9
  *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt'))
- *    #  =>
+ *    # =>
  *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f3f0768c000+9 MAPPED IMMUTABLE>
  *    # ...
  *    buffer.get_string(5, 2) # read 2 bytes, starting from offset 5
@@ -2604,22 +3611,35 @@ io_buffer_not_inplace(VALUE self)
  *    buffer.set_string('---', 1)
  *    # => 3 -- bytes written
  *    File.read('test.txt')
- *    # => "t--- data"
+ *    # => "t--- buffer"
  *
- *  <b>The class is experimental and the interface is subject to change.</b>
+ *  <b>The class is experimental and the interface is subject to change, this
+ *  is especially true of file mappings which may be removed entirely in
+ *  the future.</b>
  */
 void
 Init_IO_Buffer(void)
 {
     rb_cIOBuffer = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIO, "Buffer", rb_cObject);
+
+    /* Raised when an operation would resize or re-allocate a locked buffer. */
     rb_eIOBufferLockedError = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIOBuffer, "LockedError", rb_eRuntimeError);
+
+    /* Raised when the buffer cannot be allocated for some reason, or you try to use a buffer that's not allocated. */
     rb_eIOBufferAllocationError = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIOBuffer, "AllocationError", rb_eRuntimeError);
+
+    /* Raised when you try to write to a read-only buffer, or resize an external buffer. */
     rb_eIOBufferAccessError = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIOBuffer, "AccessError", rb_eRuntimeError);
+
+    /* Raised if you try to access a buffer slice which no longer references a valid memory range of the underlying source. */
     rb_eIOBufferInvalidatedError = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIOBuffer, "InvalidatedError", rb_eRuntimeError);
+
+    /* Raised if the mask given to a binary operation is invalid, e.g. zero length or overlaps the target buffer. */
     rb_eIOBufferMaskError = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIOBuffer, "MaskError", rb_eArgError);
 
     rb_define_alloc_func(rb_cIOBuffer, rb_io_buffer_type_allocate);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "for", rb_io_buffer_type_for, 1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "string", rb_io_buffer_type_string, 1);
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
     SYSTEM_INFO info;
@@ -2631,36 +3651,57 @@ Init_IO_Buffer(void)
 
     RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE = io_buffer_default_size(RUBY_IO_BUFFER_PAGE_SIZE);
 
-    // Efficient sizing of mapped buffers:
+    /* The operating system page size. Used for efficient page-aligned memory allocations. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "PAGE_SIZE", SIZET2NUM(RUBY_IO_BUFFER_PAGE_SIZE));
+
+    /* The default buffer size, typically a (small) multiple of the PAGE_SIZE.
+       Can be explicitly specified by setting the RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE
+       environment variable. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "DEFAULT_SIZE", SIZET2NUM(RUBY_IO_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE));
 
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "map", io_buffer_map, -1);
 
-    // General use:
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "initialize", rb_io_buffer_initialize, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "initialize_copy", rb_io_buffer_initialize_copy, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "inspect", rb_io_buffer_inspect, 0);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "hexdump", rb_io_buffer_hexdump, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "hexdump", rb_io_buffer_hexdump, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "to_s", rb_io_buffer_to_s, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "size", rb_io_buffer_size, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "valid?", rb_io_buffer_valid_p, 0);
 
-    // Ownership:
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "transfer", rb_io_buffer_transfer, 0);
 
-    // Flags:
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is owned by someone else. See #external? for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "EXTERNAL", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_EXTERNAL));
+
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is owned by the buffer. See #internal? for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "INTERNAL", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_INTERNAL));
+
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is mapped by the operating system. See #mapped? for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "MAPPED", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_MAPPED));
+
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is also mapped such that it can be shared with other processes. See #shared? for more details. */
+    rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "SHARED", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_SHARED));
+
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is locked and cannot be resized or freed. See #locked? and #locked for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "LOCKED", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_LOCKED));
+
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is mapped privately and changes won't be replicated to the underlying file. See #private? for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "PRIVATE", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_PRIVATE));
+
+    /* Indicates that the memory in the buffer is read only, and attempts to modify it will fail. See #readonly? for more details.*/
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "READONLY", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_READONLY));
 
-    // Endian:
+    /* Refers to little endian byte order, where the least significant byte is stored first. See #get_value for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "LITTLE_ENDIAN", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_LITTLE_ENDIAN));
+
+    /* Refers to big endian byte order, where the most significant byte is stored first. See #get_value for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "BIG_ENDIAN", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_BIG_ENDIAN));
+
+    /* Refers to the byte order of the host machine. See #get_value for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "HOST_ENDIAN", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_HOST_ENDIAN));
+
+    /* Refers to network byte order, which is the same as big endian. See #get_value for more details. */
     rb_define_const(rb_cIOBuffer, "NETWORK_ENDIAN", RB_INT2NUM(RB_IO_BUFFER_NETWORK_ENDIAN));
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "null?", rb_io_buffer_null_p, 0);
@@ -2668,7 +3709,9 @@ Init_IO_Buffer(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "external?", rb_io_buffer_external_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "internal?", rb_io_buffer_internal_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "mapped?", rb_io_buffer_mapped_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "shared?", rb_io_buffer_shared_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "locked?", rb_io_buffer_locked_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "private?", rb_io_buffer_private_p, 0);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "readonly?", io_buffer_readonly_p, 0);
 
     // Locking to prevent changes while using pointer:
@@ -2677,7 +3720,7 @@ Init_IO_Buffer(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "locked", rb_io_buffer_locked, 0);
 
     // Manipulation:
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "slice", rb_io_buffer_slice, 2);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "slice", io_buffer_slice, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "<=>", rb_io_buffer_compare, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "resize", io_buffer_resize, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "clear", io_buffer_clear, -1);
@@ -2685,24 +3728,48 @@ Init_IO_Buffer(void)
 
     rb_include_module(rb_cIOBuffer, rb_mComparable);
 
-#define DEFINE_TYPE(name) RB_IO_BUFFER_TYPE_##name = rb_intern_const(#name)
-    DEFINE_TYPE(U8); DEFINE_TYPE(S8);
-    DEFINE_TYPE(u16); DEFINE_TYPE(U16); DEFINE_TYPE(s16); DEFINE_TYPE(S16);
-    DEFINE_TYPE(u32); DEFINE_TYPE(U32); DEFINE_TYPE(s32); DEFINE_TYPE(S32);
-    DEFINE_TYPE(u64); DEFINE_TYPE(U64); DEFINE_TYPE(s64); DEFINE_TYPE(S64);
-    DEFINE_TYPE(f32); DEFINE_TYPE(F32); DEFINE_TYPE(f64); DEFINE_TYPE(F64);
-#undef DEFINE_TYPE
+#define IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(name) RB_IO_BUFFER_DATA_TYPE_##name = rb_intern_const(#name)
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(U8);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(S8);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(u16);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(U16);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(s16);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(S16);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(u32);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(U32);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(s32);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(S32);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(u64);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(U64);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(s64);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(S64);
+
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(f32);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(F32);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(f64);
+    IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE(F64);
+#undef IO_BUFFER_DEFINE_DATA_TYPE
+
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "size_of", io_buffer_size_of, 1);
 
     // Data access:
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "get_value", io_buffer_get_value, 2);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "get_values", io_buffer_get_values, 2);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "each", io_buffer_each, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "values", io_buffer_values, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "each_byte", io_buffer_each_byte, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "set_value", io_buffer_set_value, 3);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "set_values", io_buffer_set_values, 3);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "copy", io_buffer_copy, -1);
 
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "get_string", io_buffer_get_string, -1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "set_string", io_buffer_set_string, -1);
 
-    // Binary data manipulations:
+    // Binary buffer manipulations:
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "&", io_buffer_and, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "|", io_buffer_or, 1);
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "^", io_buffer_xor, 1);
@@ -2714,8 +3781,8 @@ Init_IO_Buffer(void)
     rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "not!", io_buffer_not_inplace, 0);
 
     // IO operations:
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "read", io_buffer_read, 2);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "pread", io_buffer_pread, 3);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "write", io_buffer_write, 2);
-    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "pwrite", io_buffer_pwrite, 3);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "read", io_buffer_read, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "pread", io_buffer_pread, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "write", io_buffer_write, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIOBuffer, "pwrite", io_buffer_pwrite, -1);
 }
diff --git a/iseq.c b/iseq.c
index 4a2c9a33ee..27c5bb5d82 100644
--- a/iseq.c
+++ b/iseq.c
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "eval_intern.h"
-#include "gc.h"
 #include "id_table.h"
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "internal/bits.h"
@@ -27,14 +26,15 @@
 #include "internal/compile.h"
 #include "internal/error.h"
 #include "internal/file.h"
+#include "internal/gc.h"
 #include "internal/hash.h"
-#include "internal/parse.h"
+#include "internal/ruby_parser.h"
 #include "internal/sanitizers.h"
 #include "internal/symbol.h"
 #include "internal/thread.h"
 #include "internal/variable.h"
 #include "iseq.h"
-#include "mjit.h"
+#include "rjit.h"
 #include "ruby/util.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
 #include "vm_callinfo.h"
@@ -102,68 +102,58 @@ compile_data_free(struct iseq_compile_data *compile_data)
     }
 }
 
-struct iseq_clear_ic_references_data {
-    IC ic;
-};
-
-// This iterator is used to walk through the instructions and clean any
-// references to ICs that are contained within this ISEQ out of the VM's
-// constant cache table. It passes around a struct that holds the current IC
-// we're looking for, which can be NULL (if we haven't hit an opt_getinlinecache
-// instruction yet) or set to an IC (if we've hit an opt_getinlinecache and
-// haven't yet hit the associated opt_setinlinecache).
-static bool
-iseq_clear_ic_references_i(VALUE *code, VALUE insn, size_t index, void *data)
+static void
+remove_from_constant_cache(ID id, IC ic)
 {
-    struct iseq_clear_ic_references_data *ic_data = (struct iseq_clear_ic_references_data *) data;
+    rb_vm_t *vm = GET_VM();
+    VALUE lookup_result;
+    st_data_t ic_data = (st_data_t)ic;
 
-    switch (insn) {
-      case BIN(opt_getinlinecache): {
-        RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(ic_data->ic == NULL);
+    if (rb_id_table_lookup(vm->constant_cache, id, &lookup_result)) {
+        st_table *ics = (st_table *)lookup_result;
+        st_delete(ics, &ic_data, NULL);
 
-        ic_data->ic = (IC) code[index + 2];
-        return true;
-      }
-      case BIN(getconstant): {
-        if (ic_data->ic != NULL) {
-            ID id = (ID) code[index + 1];
-            rb_vm_t *vm = GET_VM();
-            VALUE lookup_result;
-
-            if (rb_id_table_lookup(vm->constant_cache, id, &lookup_result)) {
-                st_table *ics = (st_table *)lookup_result;
-                st_data_t ic = (st_data_t)ic_data->ic;
-                st_delete(ics, &ic, NULL);
-
-                if (ics->num_entries == 0) {
-                    rb_id_table_delete(vm->constant_cache, id);
-                    st_free_table(ics);
-                }
-            }
+        if (ics->num_entries == 0) {
+            rb_id_table_delete(vm->constant_cache, id);
+            st_free_table(ics);
         }
-
-        return true;
-      }
-      case BIN(opt_setinlinecache): {
-        RUBY_ASSERT_ALWAYS(ic_data->ic != NULL);
-
-        ic_data->ic = NULL;
-        return true;
-      }
-      default:
-        return true;
     }
 }
 
 // When an ISEQ is being freed, all of its associated ICs are going to go away
-// as well. Because of this, we need to walk through the ISEQ, find any
-// opt_getinlinecache calls, and clear out the VM's constant cache of associated
-// ICs.
+// as well. Because of this, we need to iterate over the ICs, and clear them
+// from the VM's constant cache.
 static void
 iseq_clear_ic_references(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
-    struct iseq_clear_ic_references_data data = { .ic = NULL };
-    rb_iseq_each(iseq, 0, iseq_clear_ic_references_i, (void *) &data);
+    // In some cases (when there is a compilation error), we end up with
+    // ic_size greater than 0, but no allocated is_entries buffer.
+    // If there's no is_entries buffer to loop through, return early.
+    // [Bug #19173]
+    if (!ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->is_entries) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (unsigned int ic_idx = 0; ic_idx < ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->ic_size; ic_idx++) {
+        IC ic = &ISEQ_IS_IC_ENTRY(ISEQ_BODY(iseq), ic_idx);
+
+        // Iterate over the IC's constant path's segments and clean any references to
+        // the ICs out of the VM's constant cache table.
+        const ID *segments = ic->segments;
+
+        // It's possible that segments is NULL if we overallocated an IC but
+        // optimizations removed the instruction using it
+        if (segments == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        for (int i = 0; segments[i]; i++) {
+            ID id = segments[i];
+            if (id == idNULL) continue;
+            remove_from_constant_cache(id, ic);
+        }
+
+        ruby_xfree((void *)segments);
+    }
 }
 
 void
@@ -174,15 +164,19 @@ rb_iseq_free(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     if (iseq && ISEQ_BODY(iseq)) {
         iseq_clear_ic_references(iseq);
         struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
-        mjit_free_iseq(iseq); /* Notify MJIT */
+        rb_rjit_free_iseq(iseq); /* Notify RJIT */
 #if USE_YJIT
         rb_yjit_iseq_free(body->yjit_payload);
+        if (FL_TEST_RAW((VALUE)iseq, ISEQ_TRANSLATED)) {
+            RUBY_ASSERT(rb_yjit_live_iseq_count > 0);
+            rb_yjit_live_iseq_count--;
+        }
 #endif
         ruby_xfree((void *)body->iseq_encoded);
         ruby_xfree((void *)body->insns_info.body);
-        if (body->insns_info.positions) ruby_xfree((void *)body->insns_info.positions);
+        ruby_xfree((void *)body->insns_info.positions);
 #if VM_INSN_INFO_TABLE_IMPL == 2
-        if (body->insns_info.succ_index_table) ruby_xfree(body->insns_info.succ_index_table);
+        ruby_xfree(body->insns_info.succ_index_table);
 #endif
         if (LIKELY(body->local_table != rb_iseq_shared_exc_local_tbl))
             ruby_xfree((void *)body->local_table);
@@ -197,7 +191,11 @@ rb_iseq_free(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
             ruby_xfree((void *)body->mark_bits.list);
         }
 
+        ruby_xfree(body->variable.original_iseq);
+
         if (body->param.keyword != NULL) {
+            if (body->param.keyword->table != &body->local_table[body->param.keyword->bits_start - body->param.keyword->num])
+                ruby_xfree((void *)body->param.keyword->table);
             ruby_xfree((void *)body->param.keyword->default_values);
             ruby_xfree((void *)body->param.keyword);
         }
@@ -213,35 +211,10 @@ rb_iseq_free(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     RUBY_FREE_LEAVE("iseq");
 }
 
-#if OPT_DIRECT_THREADED_CODE || OPT_CALL_THREADED_CODE
-static VALUE
-rb_vm_insn_addr2insn2(const void *addr)
-{
-    return (VALUE)rb_vm_insn_addr2insn(addr);
-}
-#endif
-
-// The translator for OPT_DIRECT_THREADED_CODE and OPT_CALL_THREADED_CODE does
-// some normalization to always return the non-trace version of instructions. To
-// mirror that behavior in token-threaded environments, we normalize in this
-// translator by also returning non-trace opcodes.
-static VALUE
-rb_vm_insn_normalizing_translator(const void *addr)
-{
-    VALUE opcode = (VALUE)addr;
-    VALUE trace_opcode_threshold = (VM_INSTRUCTION_SIZE / 2);
-
-    if (opcode >= trace_opcode_threshold) {
-        return opcode - trace_opcode_threshold;
-    }
-    return opcode;
-}
-
 typedef VALUE iseq_value_itr_t(void *ctx, VALUE obj);
-typedef VALUE rb_vm_insns_translator_t(const void *addr);
 
 static inline void
-iseq_scan_bits(unsigned int page, iseq_bits_t bits, VALUE *code, iseq_value_itr_t *func, void *data)
+iseq_scan_bits(unsigned int page, iseq_bits_t bits, VALUE *code, VALUE *original_iseq)
 {
     unsigned int offset;
     unsigned int page_offset = (page * ISEQ_MBITS_BITLENGTH);
@@ -249,20 +222,17 @@ iseq_scan_bits(unsigned int page, iseq_bits_t bits, VALUE *code, iseq_value_itr_
     while (bits) {
         offset = ntz_intptr(bits);
         VALUE op = code[page_offset + offset];
-        VALUE newop = func(data, op);
-        if (newop != op) {
-            code[page_offset + offset] = newop;
-            if (data) {
-                VALUE *original_iseq = (VALUE *)data;
-                original_iseq[page_offset + offset] = newop;
-            }
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&code[page_offset + offset]);
+        VALUE newop = code[page_offset + offset];
+        if (original_iseq && newop != op) {
+            original_iseq[page_offset + offset] = newop;
         }
         bits &= bits - 1; // Reset Lowest Set Bit (BLSR)
     }
 }
 
 static void
-rb_iseq_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, iseq_value_itr_t * func, void *data)
+rb_iseq_mark_and_move_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE *original_iseq)
 {
     unsigned int size;
     VALUE *code;
@@ -274,18 +244,8 @@ rb_iseq_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, iseq_value_itr_t * func, void *data)
     union iseq_inline_storage_entry *is_entries = body->is_entries;
 
     if (body->is_entries) {
-        // IVC entries
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < body->ivc_size; i++, is_entries++) {
-            IVC ivc = (IVC)is_entries;
-            if (ivc->entry) {
-                RUBY_ASSERT(!RB_TYPE_P(ivc->entry->class_value, T_NONE));
-
-                VALUE nv = func(data, ivc->entry->class_value);
-                if (ivc->entry->class_value != nv) {
-                    ivc->entry->class_value = nv;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+        // Skip iterating over ivc caches
+        is_entries += body->ivc_size;
 
         // ICVARC entries
         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < body->icvarc_size; i++, is_entries++) {
@@ -293,10 +253,7 @@ rb_iseq_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, iseq_value_itr_t * func, void *data)
             if (icvarc->entry) {
                 RUBY_ASSERT(!RB_TYPE_P(icvarc->entry->class_value, T_NONE));
 
-                VALUE nv = func(data, icvarc->entry->class_value);
-                if (icvarc->entry->class_value != nv) {
-                    icvarc->entry->class_value = nv;
-                }
+                rb_gc_mark_and_move(&icvarc->entry->class_value);
             }
         }
 
@@ -304,10 +261,7 @@ rb_iseq_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, iseq_value_itr_t * func, void *data)
         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < body->ise_size; i++, is_entries++) {
             union iseq_inline_storage_entry *const is = (union iseq_inline_storage_entry *)is_entries;
             if (is->once.value) {
-                VALUE nv = func(data, is->once.value);
-                if (is->once.value != nv) {
-                    is->once.value = nv;
-                }
+                rb_gc_mark_and_move(&is->once.value);
             }
         }
 
@@ -315,10 +269,7 @@ rb_iseq_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, iseq_value_itr_t * func, void *data)
         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < body->ic_size; i++, is_entries++) {
             IC ic = (IC)is_entries;
             if (ic->entry) {
-                VALUE nv = func(data, (VALUE)ic->entry);
-                if ((VALUE)ic->entry != nv) {
-                    ic->entry = (void *)nv;
-                }
+                rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&ic->entry);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -326,230 +277,141 @@ rb_iseq_each_value(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, iseq_value_itr_t * func, void *data)
     // Embedded VALUEs
     if (body->mark_bits.list) {
         if (ISEQ_MBITS_BUFLEN(size) == 1) {
-            iseq_scan_bits(0, body->mark_bits.single, code, func, data);
+            iseq_scan_bits(0, body->mark_bits.single, code, original_iseq);
         }
         else {
             if (body->mark_bits.list) {
                 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ISEQ_MBITS_BUFLEN(size); i++) {
                     iseq_bits_t bits = body->mark_bits.list[i];
-                    iseq_scan_bits(i, bits, code, func, data);
+                    iseq_scan_bits(i, bits, code, original_iseq);
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-// Similar to rb_iseq_each_value, except that this walks through each
-// instruction instead of the associated VALUEs. The provided iterator should
-// return a boolean that indicates whether or not to continue iterating.
-void
-rb_iseq_each(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, size_t start_index, rb_iseq_each_i iterator, void *data)
+static bool
+cc_is_active(const struct rb_callcache *cc, bool reference_updating)
 {
-    unsigned int size;
-    VALUE *code;
-    size_t index;
-
-    rb_vm_insns_translator_t *const translator =
-#if OPT_DIRECT_THREADED_CODE || OPT_CALL_THREADED_CODE
-        (FL_TEST((VALUE)iseq, ISEQ_TRANSLATED)) ? rb_vm_insn_addr2insn2 :
-#endif
-        rb_vm_insn_normalizing_translator; // Always pass non-trace opcodes.
-
-    const struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
-
-    size = body->iseq_size;
-    code = body->iseq_encoded;
-
-    for (index = start_index; index < size;) {
-        void *addr = (void *) code[index];
-        VALUE insn = translator(addr);
-
-        if (!iterator(code, insn, index, data)) {
-            break;
+    if (cc) {
+        if (reference_updating) {
+            cc = (const struct rb_callcache *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)cc);
         }
 
-        index += insn_len(insn);
-    }
-}
-
-static VALUE
-update_each_insn_value(void *ctx, VALUE obj)
-{
-    return rb_gc_location(obj);
-}
-
-void
-rb_iseq_update_references(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
-{
-    if (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)) {
-        struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
-
-        body->variable.coverage = rb_gc_location(body->variable.coverage);
-        body->variable.pc2branchindex = rb_gc_location(body->variable.pc2branchindex);
-        body->variable.script_lines = rb_gc_location(body->variable.script_lines);
-        body->location.label = rb_gc_location(body->location.label);
-        body->location.base_label = rb_gc_location(body->location.base_label);
-        body->location.pathobj = rb_gc_location(body->location.pathobj);
-        if (body->local_iseq) {
-            body->local_iseq = (struct rb_iseq_struct *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)body->local_iseq);
-        }
-        if (body->parent_iseq) {
-            body->parent_iseq = (struct rb_iseq_struct *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)body->parent_iseq);
-        }
-        if (body->mandatory_only_iseq) {
-            body->mandatory_only_iseq = (struct rb_iseq_struct *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)body->mandatory_only_iseq);
-        }
-        if (body->call_data) {
-            for (unsigned int i=0; i<body->ci_size; i++) {
-                struct rb_call_data *cds = body->call_data;
-                if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P((VALUE)cds[i].ci)) {
-                    cds[i].ci = (struct rb_callinfo *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)cds[i].ci);
+        if (vm_cc_markable(cc)) {
+            if (cc->klass) { // cc is not invalidated
+                const struct rb_callable_method_entry_struct *cme = vm_cc_cme(cc);
+                if (reference_updating) {
+                    cme = (const struct rb_callable_method_entry_struct *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)cme);
                 }
-                cds[i].cc = (struct rb_callcache *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)cds[i].cc);
-            }
-        }
-        VALUE *original_iseq = ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ(iseq);
-        rb_iseq_each_value(iseq, update_each_insn_value, (void *)original_iseq);
-
-        if (body->param.flags.has_kw && ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq) == NULL) {
-            int i, j;
-
-            i = body->param.keyword->required_num;
-
-            for (j = 0; i < body->param.keyword->num; i++, j++) {
-                VALUE obj = body->param.keyword->default_values[j];
-                if (obj != Qundef) {
-                    body->param.keyword->default_values[j] = rb_gc_location(obj);
+                if (!METHOD_ENTRY_INVALIDATED(cme)) {
+                    return true;
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        if (body->catch_table) {
-            struct iseq_catch_table *table = body->catch_table;
-            unsigned int i;
-            for (i = 0; i < table->size; i++) {
-                struct iseq_catch_table_entry *entry;
-                entry = UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(table, entries[i]);
-                if (entry->iseq) {
-                    entry->iseq = (rb_iseq_t *)rb_gc_location((VALUE)entry->iseq);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-#if USE_MJIT
-        mjit_update_references(iseq);
-#endif
-#if USE_YJIT
-        rb_yjit_iseq_update_references(body->yjit_payload);
-#endif
     }
-}
-
-static VALUE
-each_insn_value(void *ctx, VALUE obj)
-{
-    rb_gc_mark_movable(obj);
-    return obj;
+    return false;
 }
 
 void
-rb_iseq_mark(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
+rb_iseq_mark_and_move(rb_iseq_t *iseq, bool reference_updating)
 {
     RUBY_MARK_ENTER("iseq");
 
-    RUBY_MARK_UNLESS_NULL(iseq->wrapper);
+    rb_gc_mark_and_move(&iseq->wrapper);
 
     if (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)) {
-        const struct rb_iseq_constant_body *const body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
+        struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body = ISEQ_BODY(iseq);
 
-        rb_iseq_each_value(iseq, each_insn_value, NULL);
+        rb_iseq_mark_and_move_each_value(iseq, reference_updating ? ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ(iseq) : NULL);
 
-        rb_gc_mark_movable(body->variable.coverage);
-        rb_gc_mark_movable(body->variable.pc2branchindex);
-        rb_gc_mark_movable(body->variable.script_lines);
-        rb_gc_mark_movable(body->location.label);
-        rb_gc_mark_movable(body->location.base_label);
-        rb_gc_mark_movable(body->location.pathobj);
-        RUBY_MARK_MOVABLE_UNLESS_NULL((VALUE)body->mandatory_only_iseq);
-        RUBY_MARK_MOVABLE_UNLESS_NULL((VALUE)body->parent_iseq);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&body->variable.coverage);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&body->variable.pc2branchindex);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&body->variable.script_lines);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&body->location.label);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&body->location.base_label);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&body->location.pathobj);
+        if (body->local_iseq) rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&body->local_iseq);
+        if (body->parent_iseq) rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&body->parent_iseq);
+        if (body->mandatory_only_iseq) rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&body->mandatory_only_iseq);
 
         if (body->call_data) {
-            struct rb_call_data *cds = (struct rb_call_data *)body->call_data;
-            for (unsigned int i=0; i<body->ci_size; i++) {
-                const struct rb_callinfo *ci = cds[i].ci;
-                const struct rb_callcache *cc = cds[i].cc;
-
-                if (vm_ci_markable(ci)) {
-                    rb_gc_mark_movable((VALUE)ci);
-                }
+            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < body->ci_size; i++) {
+                struct rb_call_data *cds = body->call_data;
 
-                if (cc) {
-                    VM_ASSERT((cc->flags & VM_CALLCACHE_ON_STACK) == 0);
+                if (cds[i].ci) rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&cds[i].ci);
 
-                    if (vm_cc_markable(cc)) {
-                        if (!vm_cc_invalidated_p(cc)) {
-                            rb_gc_mark_movable((VALUE)cc);
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            cds[i].cc = rb_vm_empty_cc();
-                        }
-                    }
+                if (cc_is_active(cds[i].cc, reference_updating)) {
+                    rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&cds[i].cc);
+                }
+                else {
+                    cds[i].cc = rb_vm_empty_cc();
                 }
             }
         }
 
         if (body->param.flags.has_kw && ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq) == NULL) {
             const struct rb_iseq_param_keyword *const keyword = body->param.keyword;
-            int i, j;
 
-            i = keyword->required_num;
-
-            for (j = 0; i < keyword->num; i++, j++) {
-                VALUE obj = keyword->default_values[j];
-                if (!SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)) {
-                    rb_gc_mark_movable(obj);
-                }
+            for (int j = 0, i = keyword->required_num; i < keyword->num; i++, j++) {
+                rb_gc_mark_and_move(&keyword->default_values[j]);
             }
         }
 
         if (body->catch_table) {
-            const struct iseq_catch_table *table = body->catch_table;
-            unsigned int i;
-            for (i = 0; i < table->size; i++) {
-                const struct iseq_catch_table_entry *entry;
+            struct iseq_catch_table *table = body->catch_table;
+
+            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < table->size; i++) {
+                struct iseq_catch_table_entry *entry;
                 entry = UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(table, entries[i]);
                 if (entry->iseq) {
-                    rb_gc_mark_movable((VALUE)entry->iseq);
+                    rb_gc_mark_and_move_ptr(&entry->iseq);
                 }
             }
         }
 
-#if USE_MJIT
-        mjit_mark_cc_entries(body);
+        if (reference_updating) {
+#if USE_RJIT
+            rb_rjit_iseq_update_references(body);
+#endif
+#if USE_YJIT
+            rb_yjit_iseq_update_references(body->yjit_payload);
+#endif
+        }
+        else {
+#if USE_RJIT
+            rb_rjit_iseq_mark(body->rjit_blocks);
 #endif
 #if USE_YJIT
-        rb_yjit_iseq_mark(body->yjit_payload);
+            rb_yjit_iseq_mark(body->yjit_payload);
 #endif
+        }
     }
 
     if (FL_TEST_RAW((VALUE)iseq, ISEQ_NOT_LOADED_YET)) {
-        rb_gc_mark(iseq->aux.loader.obj);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move(&iseq->aux.loader.obj);
     }
     else if (FL_TEST_RAW((VALUE)iseq, ISEQ_USE_COMPILE_DATA)) {
         const struct iseq_compile_data *const compile_data = ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq);
 
-        rb_iseq_mark_insn_storage(compile_data->insn.storage_head);
-
-        RUBY_MARK_UNLESS_NULL(compile_data->err_info);
-        if (RTEST(compile_data->catch_table_ary)) {
-            rb_gc_mark(compile_data->catch_table_ary);
+        if (!reference_updating) {
+            /* The operands in each instruction needs to be pinned because
+             * if auto-compaction runs in iseq_set_sequence, then the objects
+             * could exist on the generated_iseq buffer, which would not be
+             * reference updated which can lead to T_MOVED (and subsequently
+             * T_NONE) objects on the iseq. */
+            rb_iseq_mark_and_pin_insn_storage(compile_data->insn.storage_head);
         }
-        VM_ASSERT(compile_data != NULL);
+
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move((VALUE *)&compile_data->err_info);
+        rb_gc_mark_and_move((VALUE *)&compile_data->catch_table_ary);
     }
     else {
         /* executable */
         VM_ASSERT(ISEQ_EXECUTABLE_P(iseq));
+
         if (iseq->aux.exec.local_hooks) {
-            rb_hook_list_mark(iseq->aux.exec.local_hooks);
+            rb_hook_list_mark_and_update(iseq->aux.exec.local_hooks);
         }
     }
 
@@ -593,6 +455,19 @@ rb_iseq_memsize(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
         /* body->is_entries */
         size += ISEQ_IS_SIZE(body) * sizeof(union iseq_inline_storage_entry);
 
+        if (ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->is_entries) {
+            /* IC entries constant segments */
+            for (unsigned int ic_idx = 0; ic_idx < body->ic_size; ic_idx++) {
+                IC ic = &ISEQ_IS_IC_ENTRY(body, ic_idx);
+                const ID *ids = ic->segments;
+                if (!ids) continue;
+                while (*ids++) {
+                    size += sizeof(ID);
+                }
+                size += sizeof(ID); // null terminator
+            }
+        }
+
         /* body->call_data */
         size += body->ci_size * sizeof(struct rb_call_data);
         // TODO: should we count imemo_callinfo?
@@ -657,7 +532,7 @@ rb_iseq_pathobj_set(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE path, VALUE realpath)
 }
 
 static rb_iseq_location_t *
-iseq_location_setup(rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, VALUE first_lineno, const rb_code_location_t *code_location, const int node_id)
+iseq_location_setup(rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, int first_lineno, const rb_code_location_t *code_location, const int node_id)
 {
     rb_iseq_location_t *loc = &ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location;
 
@@ -722,7 +597,7 @@ new_arena(void)
 
 static VALUE
 prepare_iseq_build(rb_iseq_t *iseq,
-                   VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, VALUE first_lineno, const rb_code_location_t *code_location, const int node_id,
+                   VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, int first_lineno, const rb_code_location_t *code_location, const int node_id,
                    const rb_iseq_t *parent, int isolated_depth, enum rb_iseq_type type,
                    VALUE script_lines, const rb_compile_option_t *option)
 {
@@ -763,7 +638,6 @@ prepare_iseq_build(rb_iseq_t *iseq,
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->ivar_cache_table = NULL;
     ISEQ_COMPILE_DATA(iseq)->builtin_function_table = GET_VM()->builtin_function_table;
 
-
     if (option->coverage_enabled) {
         VALUE coverages = rb_get_coverages();
         if (RTEST(coverages)) {
@@ -854,7 +728,6 @@ static rb_compile_option_t COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT = {
     OPT_SPECIALISED_INSTRUCTION, /* int specialized_instruction; */
     OPT_OPERANDS_UNIFICATION, /* int operands_unification; */
     OPT_INSTRUCTIONS_UNIFICATION, /* int instructions_unification; */
-    OPT_STACK_CACHING, /* int stack_caching; */
     OPT_FROZEN_STRING_LITERAL,
     OPT_DEBUG_FROZEN_STRING_LITERAL,
     TRUE,			/* coverage_enabled */
@@ -871,7 +744,7 @@ set_compile_option_from_hash(rb_compile_option_t *option, VALUE opt)
       else if (flag == Qfalse)  { (o)->mem = 0; } \
   }
 #define SET_COMPILE_OPTION_NUM(o, h, mem) \
-  { VALUE num = rb_hash_aref(opt, ID2SYM(rb_intern(#mem))); \
+  { VALUE num = rb_hash_aref((h), ID2SYM(rb_intern(#mem))); \
       if (!NIL_P(num)) (o)->mem = NUM2INT(num); \
   }
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, inline_const_cache);
@@ -880,7 +753,6 @@ set_compile_option_from_hash(rb_compile_option_t *option, VALUE opt)
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, specialized_instruction);
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, operands_unification);
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, instructions_unification);
-    SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, stack_caching);
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, frozen_string_literal);
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, debug_frozen_string_literal);
     SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, coverage_enabled);
@@ -889,11 +761,15 @@ set_compile_option_from_hash(rb_compile_option_t *option, VALUE opt)
 #undef SET_COMPILE_OPTION_NUM
 }
 
-static void
-rb_iseq_make_compile_option(rb_compile_option_t *option, VALUE opt)
+static rb_compile_option_t *
+set_compile_option_from_ast(rb_compile_option_t *option, const rb_ast_body_t *ast)
 {
-    Check_Type(opt, T_HASH);
-    set_compile_option_from_hash(option, opt);
+#define SET_COMPILE_OPTION(o, a, mem) \
+    ((a)->mem < 0 ? 0 : ((o)->mem = (a)->mem > 0))
+    SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, ast, frozen_string_literal);
+    SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, ast, coverage_enabled);
+#undef SET_COMPILE_OPTION
+    return option;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -934,7 +810,6 @@ make_compile_option_value(rb_compile_option_t *option)
         SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, specialized_instruction);
         SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, operands_unification);
         SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, instructions_unification);
-        SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, stack_caching);
         SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, frozen_string_literal);
         SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, debug_frozen_string_literal);
         SET_COMPILE_OPTION(option, opt, coverage_enabled);
@@ -949,7 +824,7 @@ rb_iseq_t *
 rb_iseq_new(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath,
             const rb_iseq_t *parent, enum rb_iseq_type type)
 {
-    return rb_iseq_new_with_opt(ast, name, path, realpath, INT2FIX(0), parent,
+    return rb_iseq_new_with_opt(ast, name, path, realpath, 0, parent,
                                 0, type, &COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT);
 }
 
@@ -966,34 +841,62 @@ ast_line_count(const rb_ast_body_t *ast)
     return FIX2INT(ast->script_lines);
 }
 
-rb_iseq_t *
-rb_iseq_new_top(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, const rb_iseq_t *parent)
+static VALUE
+iseq_setup_coverage(VALUE coverages, VALUE path, const rb_ast_body_t *ast, int line_offset)
+{
+    int line_count = line_offset + ast_line_count(ast);
+
+    if (line_count >= 0) {
+        int len = (rb_get_coverage_mode() & COVERAGE_TARGET_ONESHOT_LINES) ? 0 : line_count;
+
+        VALUE coverage = rb_default_coverage(len);
+        rb_hash_aset(coverages, path, coverage);
+
+        return coverage;
+    }
+
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static inline void
+iseq_new_setup_coverage(VALUE path, const rb_ast_body_t *ast, int line_offset)
 {
     VALUE coverages = rb_get_coverages();
+
     if (RTEST(coverages)) {
-        int line_count = ast_line_count(ast);
-        if (line_count >= 0) {
-            int len = (rb_get_coverage_mode() & COVERAGE_TARGET_ONESHOT_LINES) ? 0 : line_count;
-            VALUE coverage = rb_default_coverage(len);
-            rb_hash_aset(coverages, path, coverage);
-        }
+        iseq_setup_coverage(coverages, path, ast, line_offset);
     }
+}
+
+rb_iseq_t *
+rb_iseq_new_top(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, const rb_iseq_t *parent)
+{
+    iseq_new_setup_coverage(path, ast, 0);
 
-    return rb_iseq_new_with_opt(ast, name, path, realpath, INT2FIX(0), parent, 0,
+    return rb_iseq_new_with_opt(ast, name, path, realpath, 0, parent, 0,
                                 ISEQ_TYPE_TOP, &COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT);
 }
 
 rb_iseq_t *
 rb_iseq_new_main(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, const rb_iseq_t *parent, int opt)
 {
+    iseq_new_setup_coverage(path, ast, 0);
+
     return rb_iseq_new_with_opt(ast, rb_fstring_lit("<main>"),
-                                path, realpath, INT2FIX(0),
+                                path, realpath, 0,
                                 parent, 0, ISEQ_TYPE_MAIN, opt ? &COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT : &COMPILE_OPTION_FALSE);
 }
 
 rb_iseq_t *
-rb_iseq_new_eval(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, VALUE first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent, int isolated_depth)
+rb_iseq_new_eval(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath, int first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent, int isolated_depth)
 {
+    if (rb_get_coverage_mode() & COVERAGE_TARGET_EVAL) {
+        VALUE coverages = rb_get_coverages();
+        if (RTEST(coverages) && RTEST(path) && !RTEST(rb_hash_has_key(coverages, path))) {
+            iseq_setup_coverage(coverages, path, ast, first_lineno - 1);
+        }
+    }
+
     return rb_iseq_new_with_opt(ast, name, path, realpath, first_lineno,
                                 parent, isolated_depth, ISEQ_TYPE_EVAL, &COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT);
 }
@@ -1014,7 +917,7 @@ iseq_translate(rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 
 rb_iseq_t *
 rb_iseq_new_with_opt(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath,
-                     VALUE first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent, int isolated_depth,
+                     int first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent, int isolated_depth,
                      enum rb_iseq_type type, const rb_compile_option_t *option)
 {
     const NODE *node = ast ? ast->root : 0;
@@ -1022,13 +925,11 @@ rb_iseq_new_with_opt(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE rea
     rb_iseq_t *iseq = iseq_alloc();
     rb_compile_option_t new_opt;
 
-    if (option) {
+    if (!option) option = &COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT;
+    if (ast) {
         new_opt = *option;
+        option = set_compile_option_from_ast(&new_opt, ast);
     }
-    else {
-        new_opt = COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT;
-    }
-    if (ast && ast->compile_option) rb_iseq_make_compile_option(&new_opt, ast->compile_option);
 
     VALUE script_lines = Qnil;
 
@@ -1040,7 +941,7 @@ rb_iseq_new_with_opt(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE rea
     }
 
     prepare_iseq_build(iseq, name, path, realpath, first_lineno, node ? &node->nd_loc : NULL, node ? nd_node_id(node) : -1,
-                       parent, isolated_depth, type, script_lines, &new_opt);
+                       parent, isolated_depth, type, script_lines, option);
 
     rb_iseq_compile_node(iseq, node);
     finish_iseq_build(iseq);
@@ -1048,11 +949,51 @@ rb_iseq_new_with_opt(const rb_ast_body_t *ast, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE rea
     return iseq_translate(iseq);
 }
 
+VALUE rb_iseq_compile_prism_node(rb_iseq_t * iseq, pm_scope_node_t *scope_node, pm_parser_t *parser);
+
+/**
+ * Initialize an rb_code_location_t with a prism location.
+ */
+static void
+pm_code_location(rb_code_location_t *code_location, const pm_newline_list_t *newline_list, const pm_location_t *location)
+{
+    pm_line_column_t start = pm_newline_list_line_column(newline_list, location->start);
+    pm_line_column_t end = pm_newline_list_line_column(newline_list, location->end);
+
+    *code_location = (rb_code_location_t) {
+        .beg_pos = { .lineno = (int) start.line, .column = (int) start.column },
+        .end_pos = { .lineno = (int) end.line, .column = (int) end.column }
+    };
+}
+
+rb_iseq_t *
+pm_iseq_new_with_opt(pm_scope_node_t *scope_node, pm_parser_t *parser, VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath,
+                     int first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent, int isolated_depth,
+                     enum rb_iseq_type type, const rb_compile_option_t *option)
+{
+    rb_iseq_t *iseq = iseq_alloc();
+    VALUE script_lines = Qnil;
+    if (!option) option = &COMPILE_OPTION_DEFAULT;
+
+    rb_code_location_t code_location;
+    pm_code_location(&code_location, &parser->newline_list, &scope_node->base.location);
+
+    // TODO: node_id
+    int node_id = -1;
+    prepare_iseq_build(iseq, name, path, realpath, first_lineno, &code_location, node_id,
+            parent, isolated_depth, type, script_lines, option);
+
+    rb_iseq_compile_prism_node(iseq, scope_node, parser);
+    finish_iseq_build(iseq);
+
+    return iseq_translate(iseq);
+}
+
 rb_iseq_t *
 rb_iseq_new_with_callback(
     const struct rb_iseq_new_with_callback_callback_func * ifunc,
     VALUE name, VALUE path, VALUE realpath,
-    VALUE first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent,
+    int first_lineno, const rb_iseq_t *parent,
     enum rb_iseq_type type, const rb_compile_option_t *option)
 {
     /* TODO: argument check */
@@ -1118,7 +1059,7 @@ iseq_load(VALUE data, const rb_iseq_t *parent, VALUE opt)
     rb_iseq_t *iseq = iseq_alloc();
 
     VALUE magic, version1, version2, format_type, misc;
-    VALUE name, path, realpath, first_lineno, code_location, node_id;
+    VALUE name, path, realpath, code_location, node_id;
     VALUE type, body, locals, params, exception;
 
     st_data_t iseq_type;
@@ -1144,7 +1085,7 @@ iseq_load(VALUE data, const rb_iseq_t *parent, VALUE opt)
     path        = CHECK_STRING(rb_ary_entry(data, i++));
     realpath    = rb_ary_entry(data, i++);
     realpath    = NIL_P(realpath) ? Qnil : CHECK_STRING(realpath);
-    first_lineno = CHECK_INTEGER(rb_ary_entry(data, i++));
+    int first_lineno = RB_NUM2INT(rb_ary_entry(data, i++));
 
     type        = CHECK_SYMBOL(rb_ary_entry(data, i++));
     locals      = CHECK_ARRAY(rb_ary_entry(data, i++));
@@ -1229,6 +1170,7 @@ rb_iseq_compile_with_option(VALUE src, VALUE file, VALUE realpath, VALUE line, V
         const rb_iseq_t *outer_scope = rb_iseq_new(NULL, name, name, Qnil, 0, ISEQ_TYPE_TOP);
         VALUE outer_scope_v = (VALUE)outer_scope;
         rb_parser_set_context(parser, outer_scope, FALSE);
+        rb_parser_set_script_lines(parser, RBOOL(ruby_vm_keep_script_lines));
         RB_GC_GUARD(outer_scope_v);
         ast = (*parse)(parser, file, src, ln);
     }
@@ -1238,7 +1180,7 @@ rb_iseq_compile_with_option(VALUE src, VALUE file, VALUE realpath, VALUE line, V
         rb_exc_raise(GET_EC()->errinfo);
     }
     else {
-        iseq = rb_iseq_new_with_opt(&ast->body, name, file, realpath, line,
+        iseq = rb_iseq_new_with_opt(&ast->body, name, file, realpath, ln,
                                     NULL, 0, ISEQ_TYPE_TOP, &option);
         rb_ast_dispose(ast);
     }
@@ -1285,7 +1227,7 @@ rb_iseq_base_label(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 VALUE
 rb_iseq_first_lineno(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 {
-    return ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.first_lineno;
+    return RB_INT2NUM(ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->location.first_lineno);
 }
 
 VALUE
@@ -1401,8 +1343,8 @@ rb_iseqw_new(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
  *     InstructionSequence.compile(source[, file[, path[, line[, options]]]]) -> iseq
  *     InstructionSequence.new(source[, file[, path[, line[, options]]]]) -> iseq
  *
- *  Takes +source+, a String of Ruby code and compiles it to an
- *  InstructionSequence.
+ *  Takes +source+, which can be a string of Ruby code, or an open +File+ object.
+ *  that contains Ruby source code.
  *
  *  Optionally takes +file+, +path+, and +line+ which describe the file path,
  *  real path and first line number of the ruby code in +source+ which are
@@ -1424,6 +1366,10 @@ rb_iseqw_new(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
  *     RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(File.read(path), path, File.expand_path(path))
  *     #=> <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:<compiled>@test.rb:1>
  *
+ *     file = File.open("test.rb")
+ *     RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(file)
+ *     #=> <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:<compiled>@<compiled>:1>
+ *
  *     path = File.expand_path("test.rb")
  *     RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(File.read(path), path, path)
  *     #=> <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:<compiled>@/absolute/path/to/test.rb:1>
@@ -1432,7 +1378,7 @@ rb_iseqw_new(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 static VALUE
 iseqw_s_compile(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    VALUE src, file = Qnil, path = Qnil, line = INT2FIX(1), opt = Qnil;
+    VALUE src, file = Qnil, path = Qnil, line = Qnil, opt = Qnil;
     int i;
 
     i = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1*:", &src, NULL, &opt);
@@ -1454,6 +1400,125 @@ iseqw_s_compile(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     return iseqw_new(rb_iseq_compile_with_option(src, file, path, line, opt));
 }
 
+static void
+iseqw_s_compile_prism_compile(pm_parser_t *parser, VALUE opt, rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE file, VALUE path, int first_lineno)
+{
+    pm_node_t *node = pm_parse(parser);
+    rb_code_location_t code_location;
+    pm_code_location(&code_location, &parser->newline_list, &node->location);
+
+    rb_compile_option_t option;
+    make_compile_option(&option, opt);
+    prepare_iseq_build(iseq, rb_fstring_lit("<compiled>"), file, path, first_lineno, &code_location, -1, NULL, 0, ISEQ_TYPE_TOP, Qnil, &option);
+
+    pm_scope_node_t scope_node;
+    pm_scope_node_init(node, &scope_node, NULL, parser);
+    rb_iseq_compile_prism_node(iseq, &scope_node, parser);
+
+    finish_iseq_build(iseq);
+    pm_node_destroy(parser, node);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+iseqw_s_compile_prism(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE src, file = Qnil, path = Qnil, line = Qnil, opt = Qnil;
+    int i;
+
+    i = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1*:", &src, NULL, &opt);
+    if (i > 4+NIL_P(opt)) rb_error_arity(argc, 1, 5);
+    switch (i) {
+      case 5: opt = argv[--i];
+      case 4: line = argv[--i];
+      case 3: path = argv[--i];
+      case 2: file = argv[--i];
+    }
+
+    if (NIL_P(file)) file = rb_fstring_lit("<compiled>");
+    if (NIL_P(path)) path = file;
+    if (NIL_P(line)) line = INT2FIX(1);
+
+    Check_Type(path, T_STRING);
+    Check_Type(file, T_STRING);
+
+    pm_options_t options = { 0 };
+    pm_options_filepath_set(&options, RSTRING_PTR(file));
+
+    int start_line = NUM2INT(line);
+    pm_options_line_set(&options, start_line);
+
+    pm_parser_t parser;
+
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(src, T_FILE)) {
+        FilePathValue(src);
+        file = rb_fstring(src); /* rb_io_t->pathv gets frozen anyways */
+
+        pm_string_t input;
+        pm_string_mapped_init(&input, RSTRING_PTR(file));
+
+        pm_parser_init(&parser, pm_string_source(&input), pm_string_length(&input), &options);
+    }
+    else {
+        pm_parser_init(&parser, (const uint8_t *) RSTRING_PTR(src), RSTRING_LEN(src), &options);
+    }
+
+    rb_iseq_t *iseq = iseq_alloc();
+    iseqw_s_compile_prism_compile(&parser, opt, iseq, file, path, start_line);
+    pm_parser_free(&parser);
+    pm_options_free(&options);
+
+    return iseqw_new(iseq);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+iseqw_s_compile_file_prism(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE file = Qnil, opt = Qnil;
+    int i;
+
+    i = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1*:", &file, NULL, &opt);
+    if (i > 1+NIL_P(opt)) rb_error_arity(argc, 1, 5);
+    switch (i) {
+      case 2: opt = argv[--i];
+    }
+    FilePathValue(file);
+    file = rb_fstring(file); /* rb_io_t->pathv gets frozen anyways */
+
+    pm_string_t input;
+    pm_string_mapped_init(&input, RSTRING_PTR(file));
+
+    pm_options_t options = { 0 };
+    pm_options_filepath_set(&options, RSTRING_PTR(file));
+
+    pm_parser_t parser;
+    pm_parser_init(&parser, pm_string_source(&input), pm_string_length(&input), &options);
+
+    rb_iseq_t *iseq = iseq_alloc();
+    iseqw_s_compile_prism_compile(&parser, opt, iseq, file, rb_realpath_internal(Qnil, file, 1), 1);
+    pm_parser_free(&parser);
+    pm_string_free(&input);
+    pm_options_free(&options);
+
+    return iseqw_new(iseq);
+}
+
+rb_iseq_t *
+rb_iseq_new_main_prism(pm_string_t *input, pm_options_t *options, VALUE path)
+{
+    pm_parser_t parser;
+    pm_parser_init(&parser, pm_string_source(input), pm_string_length(input), options);
+
+    if (NIL_P(path)) path = rb_fstring_lit("<compiled>");
+    int start_line = 0;
+    pm_options_line_set(options, start_line);
+
+    rb_iseq_t *iseq = iseq_alloc();
+    iseqw_s_compile_prism_compile(&parser, Qnil, iseq, path, path, start_line);
+
+    pm_parser_free(&parser);
+    return iseq;
+}
+
 /*
  *  call-seq:
  *      InstructionSequence.compile_file(file[, options]) -> iseq
@@ -1477,7 +1542,7 @@ iseqw_s_compile(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 static VALUE
 iseqw_s_compile_file(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 {
-    VALUE file, line = INT2FIX(1), opt = Qnil;
+    VALUE file, opt = Qnil;
     VALUE parser, f, exc = Qnil, ret;
     rb_ast_t *ast;
     rb_compile_option_t option;
@@ -1493,6 +1558,9 @@ iseqw_s_compile_file(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
     f = rb_file_open_str(file, "r");
 
+    rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
+    VALUE v = rb_vm_push_frame_fname(ec, file);
+
     parser = rb_parser_new();
     rb_parser_set_context(parser, NULL, FALSE);
     ast = (rb_ast_t *)rb_parser_load_file(parser, file);
@@ -1509,8 +1577,11 @@ iseqw_s_compile_file(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     ret = iseqw_new(rb_iseq_new_with_opt(&ast->body, rb_fstring_lit("<main>"),
                                          file,
                                          rb_realpath_internal(Qnil, file, 1),
-                                         line, NULL, 0, ISEQ_TYPE_TOP, &option));
+                                         1, NULL, 0, ISEQ_TYPE_TOP, &option));
     rb_ast_dispose(ast);
+
+    rb_vm_pop_frame(ec);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(v);
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1536,7 +1607,6 @@ iseqw_s_compile_file(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  *  * +:operands_unification+
  *  * +:peephole_optimization+
  *  * +:specialized_instruction+
- *  * +:stack_caching+
  *  * +:tailcall_optimization+
  *
  *  Additionally, +:debug_level+ can be set to an integer.
@@ -2022,7 +2092,7 @@ rb_iseq_node_id(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, size_t pos)
 }
 #endif
 
-MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED rb_event_flag_t
+rb_event_flag_t
 rb_iseq_event_flags(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, size_t pos)
 {
     const struct iseq_insn_info_entry *entry = get_insn_info(iseq, pos);
@@ -2064,7 +2134,7 @@ local_var_name(const rb_iseq_t *diseq, VALUE level, VALUE op)
     if (!name) {
         name = rb_str_new_cstr("?");
     }
-    else if (!rb_str_symname_p(name)) {
+    else if (!rb_is_local_id(lid)) {
         name = rb_str_inspect(name);
     }
     else {
@@ -2175,6 +2245,16 @@ rb_insn_operand_intern(const rb_iseq_t *iseq,
         }
 
       case TS_IC:
+        {
+            ret = rb_sprintf("<ic:%"PRIdPTRDIFF" ", (union iseq_inline_storage_entry *)op - ISEQ_BODY(iseq)->is_entries);
+            const ID *segments = ((IC)op)->segments;
+            rb_str_cat2(ret, rb_id2name(*segments++));
+            while (*segments) {
+                rb_str_catf(ret, "::%s", rb_id2name(*segments++));
+            }
+            rb_str_cat2(ret, ">");
+        }
+        break;
       case TS_IVC:
       case TS_ICVARC:
       case TS_ISE:
@@ -2208,7 +2288,6 @@ rb_insn_operand_intern(const rb_iseq_t *iseq,
                 CALL_FLAG(FCALL);
                 CALL_FLAG(VCALL);
                 CALL_FLAG(ARGS_SIMPLE);
-                CALL_FLAG(BLOCKISEQ);
                 CALL_FLAG(TAILCALL);
                 CALL_FLAG(SUPER);
                 CALL_FLAG(ZSUPER);
@@ -2312,7 +2391,7 @@ rb_iseq_disasm_insn(VALUE ret, const VALUE *code, size_t pos,
     {
         rb_event_flag_t events = rb_iseq_event_flags(iseq, pos);
         if (events) {
-            str = rb_str_catf(str, "[%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s]",
+            str = rb_str_catf(str, "[%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s]",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_LINE     ? "Li" : "",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_CLASS    ? "Cl" : "",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_END      ? "En" : "",
@@ -2322,6 +2401,7 @@ rb_iseq_disasm_insn(VALUE ret, const VALUE *code, size_t pos,
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_C_RETURN ? "Cr" : "",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL   ? "Bc" : "",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN ? "Br" : "",
+                              events & RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE   ? "Rs" : "",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_COVERAGE_LINE   ? "Cli" : "",
                               events & RUBY_EVENT_COVERAGE_BRANCH ? "Cbr" : "");
         }
@@ -2411,7 +2491,6 @@ rb_iseq_disasm_recursive(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE indent)
     rb_str_cat2(str, "== disasm: ");
 
     rb_str_append(str, iseq_inspect(iseq));
-    rb_str_catf(str, " (catch: %s)", body->catch_except_p ? "true" : "false");
     if ((l = RSTRING_LEN(str) - indent_len) < header_minlen) {
         rb_str_modify_expand(str, header_minlen - l);
         memset(RSTRING_END(str), '=', header_minlen - l);
@@ -2533,6 +2612,34 @@ rb_iseq_disasm(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
 }
 
 /*
+ * Estimates the number of instance variables that will be set on
+ * a given `class` with the initialize method defined in
+ * `initialize_iseq`
+ */
+attr_index_t
+rb_estimate_iv_count(VALUE klass, const rb_iseq_t * initialize_iseq)
+{
+    struct rb_id_table * iv_names = rb_id_table_create(0);
+
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ISEQ_BODY(initialize_iseq)->ivc_size; i++) {
+        IVC cache = (IVC)&ISEQ_BODY(initialize_iseq)->is_entries[i];
+
+        if (cache->iv_set_name) {
+            rb_id_table_insert(iv_names, cache->iv_set_name, Qtrue);
+        }
+    }
+
+    attr_index_t count = (attr_index_t)rb_id_table_size(iv_names);
+
+    VALUE superclass = rb_class_superclass(klass);
+    count += RCLASS_EXT(superclass)->max_iv_count;
+
+    rb_id_table_free(iv_names);
+
+    return count;
+}
+
+/*
  *  call-seq:
  *     iseq.disasm -> str
  *     iseq.disassemble -> str
@@ -2639,6 +2746,7 @@ push_event_info(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, rb_event_flag_t events, int line, VALUE a
     C(RUBY_EVENT_END,      "end",      INT2FIX(line));
     C(RUBY_EVENT_RETURN,   "return",   INT2FIX(line));
     C(RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN, "b_return", INT2FIX(line));
+    C(RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE,    "rescue",  INT2FIX(line));
 #undef C
 }
 
@@ -2782,17 +2890,6 @@ iseqw_s_disasm(VALUE klass, VALUE body)
     return NIL_P(iseqw) ? Qnil : rb_iseq_disasm(iseqw_check(iseqw));
 }
 
-const char *
-ruby_node_name(int node)
-{
-    switch (node) {
-#include "node_name.inc"
-      default:
-        rb_bug("unknown node: %d", node);
-        return 0;
-    }
-}
-
 static VALUE
 register_label(struct st_table *table, unsigned long idx)
 {
@@ -2958,7 +3055,7 @@ iseq_data_to_ary(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
             }
             for (j=0; i<keyword->num; i++, j++) {
                 VALUE key = rb_ary_new_from_args(1, ID2SYM(keyword->table[i]));
-                if (keyword->default_values[j] != Qundef) {
+                if (!UNDEF_P(keyword->default_values[j])) {
                     rb_ary_push(key, keyword->default_values[j]);
                 }
                 rb_ary_push(keywords, key);
@@ -3011,6 +3108,15 @@ iseq_data_to_ary(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
                 }
                 break;
               case TS_IC:
+                {
+                    VALUE list = rb_ary_new();
+                    const ID *ids = ((IC)*seq)->segments;
+                    while (*ids) {
+                        rb_ary_push(list, ID2SYM(*ids++));
+                    }
+                    rb_ary_push(ary, list);
+                }
+                break;
               case TS_IVC:
               case TS_ICVARC:
               case TS_ISE:
@@ -3158,6 +3264,7 @@ iseq_data_to_ary(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
             CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_RETURN);
             CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL);
             CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN);
+            CHECK_EVENT(RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE);
 #undef CHECK_EVENT
             prev_insn_info = info;
         }
@@ -3195,7 +3302,7 @@ iseq_data_to_ary(const rb_iseq_t *iseq)
     rb_ary_push(val, iseq_body->location.label);
     rb_ary_push(val, rb_iseq_path(iseq));
     rb_ary_push(val, rb_iseq_realpath(iseq));
-    rb_ary_push(val, iseq_body->location.first_lineno);
+    rb_ary_push(val, RB_INT2NUM(iseq_body->location.first_lineno));
     rb_ary_push(val, ID2SYM(type));
     rb_ary_push(val, locals);
     rb_ary_push(val, params);
@@ -3346,6 +3453,12 @@ typedef struct insn_data_struct {
 static insn_data_t insn_data[VM_INSTRUCTION_SIZE/2];
 
 void
+rb_free_encoded_insn_data(void)
+{
+    st_free_table(encoded_insn_data);
+}
+
+void
 rb_vm_encoded_insn_data_table_init(void)
 {
 #if OPT_DIRECT_THREADED_CODE || OPT_CALL_THREADED_CODE
@@ -3617,9 +3730,32 @@ rb_iseq_trace_set(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, rb_event_flag_t turnon_events)
     }
 }
 
-bool rb_vm_call_ivar_attrset_p(const vm_call_handler ch);
 void rb_vm_cc_general(const struct rb_callcache *cc);
 
+static bool
+clear_attr_cc(VALUE v)
+{
+    if (imemo_type_p(v, imemo_callcache) && vm_cc_ivar_p((const struct rb_callcache *)v)) {
+        rb_vm_cc_general((struct rb_callcache *)v);
+        return true;
+    }
+    else {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool
+clear_bf_cc(VALUE v)
+{
+    if (imemo_type_p(v, imemo_callcache) && vm_cc_bf_p((const struct rb_callcache *)v)) {
+        rb_vm_cc_general((struct rb_callcache *)v);
+        return true;
+    }
+    else {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
 static int
 clear_attr_ccs_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
 {
@@ -3627,11 +3763,7 @@ clear_attr_ccs_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
     for (; v != (VALUE)vend; v += stride) {
         void *ptr = asan_poisoned_object_p(v);
         asan_unpoison_object(v, false);
-
-        if (imemo_type_p(v, imemo_callcache) && rb_vm_call_ivar_attrset_p(((const struct rb_callcache *)v)->call_)) {
-            rb_vm_cc_general((struct rb_callcache *)v);
-        }
-
+        clear_attr_cc(v);
         asan_poison_object_if(ptr, v);
     }
     return 0;
@@ -3644,6 +3776,25 @@ rb_clear_attr_ccs(void)
 }
 
 static int
+clear_bf_ccs_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
+{
+    VALUE v = (VALUE)vstart;
+    for (; v != (VALUE)vend; v += stride) {
+        void *ptr = asan_poisoned_object_p(v);
+        asan_unpoison_object(v, false);
+        clear_bf_cc(v);
+        asan_poison_object_if(ptr, v);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void
+rb_clear_bf_ccs(void)
+{
+    rb_objspace_each_objects(clear_bf_ccs_i, NULL);
+}
+
+static int
 trace_set_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
 {
     rb_event_flag_t turnon_events = *(rb_event_flag_t *)data;
@@ -3656,8 +3807,9 @@ trace_set_i(void *vstart, void *vend, size_t stride, void *data)
         if (rb_obj_is_iseq(v)) {
             rb_iseq_trace_set(rb_iseq_check((rb_iseq_t *)v), turnon_events);
         }
-        else if (imemo_type_p(v, imemo_callcache) && rb_vm_call_ivar_attrset_p(((const struct rb_callcache *)v)->call_)) {
-            rb_vm_cc_general((struct rb_callcache *)v);
+        else if (clear_attr_cc(v)) {
+        }
+        else if (clear_bf_cc(v)) {
         }
 
         asan_poison_object_if(ptr, v);
@@ -3872,7 +4024,7 @@ succ_index_lookup(const struct succ_index_table *sd, int x)
  *  call-seq:
  *     iseq.script_lines -> array or nil
  *
- *  It returns recorded script lines if it is availalble.
+ *  It returns recorded script lines if it is available.
  *  The script lines are not limited to the iseq range, but
  *  are entire lines of the source file.
  *
@@ -3945,6 +4097,8 @@ Init_ISeq(void)
     (void)iseq_s_load;
 
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cISeq, "compile", iseqw_s_compile, -1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cISeq, "compile_prism", iseqw_s_compile_prism, -1);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cISeq, "compile_file_prism", iseqw_s_compile_file_prism, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cISeq, "new", iseqw_s_compile, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cISeq, "compile_file", iseqw_s_compile_file, -1);
     rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cISeq, "compile_option", iseqw_s_compile_option_get, 0);
diff --git a/iseq.h b/iseq.h
index e7db9b951f..d71f37ca13 100644
--- a/iseq.h
+++ b/iseq.h
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@
 
 **********************************************************************/
 #include "internal/gc.h"
+#include "shape.h"
 #include "vm_core.h"
+#include "prism_compile.h"
 
 RUBY_EXTERN const int ruby_api_version[];
 #define ISEQ_MAJOR_VERSION ((unsigned int)ruby_api_version[0])
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@ RUBY_EXTERN const int ruby_api_version[];
 typedef struct rb_iseq_struct rb_iseq_t;
 #define rb_iseq_t rb_iseq_t
 #endif
+typedef void (*rb_iseq_callback)(const rb_iseq_t *, void *);
 
 extern const ID rb_iseq_shared_exc_local_tbl[];
 
@@ -81,9 +84,10 @@ ISEQ_ORIGINAL_ISEQ_ALLOC(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, long size)
                            RUBY_EVENT_CALL  | \
                            RUBY_EVENT_RETURN| \
                            RUBY_EVENT_C_CALL| \
-                           RUBY_EVENT_C_RETURN| \
-                           RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL| \
-                           RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN| \
+                           RUBY_EVENT_C_RETURN | \
+                           RUBY_EVENT_B_CALL   | \
+                           RUBY_EVENT_B_RETURN | \
+                           RUBY_EVENT_RESCUE   | \
                            RUBY_EVENT_COVERAGE_LINE| \
                            RUBY_EVENT_COVERAGE_BRANCH)
 
@@ -119,10 +123,12 @@ struct iseq_compile_data {
     int node_level;
     int isolated_depth;
     unsigned int ci_index;
+    unsigned int ic_index;
     const rb_compile_option_t *option;
     struct rb_id_table *ivar_cache_table;
     const struct rb_builtin_function *builtin_function_table;
     const NODE *root_node;
+    bool catch_except_p; // If a frame of this ISeq may catch exception, set true.
 #if OPT_SUPPORT_JOKE
     st_table *labels_table;
 #endif
@@ -168,6 +174,7 @@ void rb_iseq_init_trace(rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 int rb_iseq_add_local_tracepoint_recursively(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, rb_event_flag_t turnon_events, VALUE tpval, unsigned int target_line, bool target_bmethod);
 int rb_iseq_remove_local_tracepoint_recursively(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE tpval);
 const rb_iseq_t *rb_iseq_load_iseq(VALUE fname);
+rb_iseq_t * rb_iseq_new_main_prism(pm_string_t *input, pm_options_t *options, VALUE path);
 
 #if VM_INSN_INFO_TABLE_IMPL == 2
 unsigned int *rb_iseq_insns_info_decode_positions(const struct rb_iseq_constant_body *body);
@@ -184,11 +191,7 @@ VALUE *rb_iseq_original_iseq(const rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 void rb_iseq_build_from_ary(rb_iseq_t *iseq, VALUE misc,
                             VALUE locals, VALUE args,
                             VALUE exception, VALUE body);
-void rb_iseq_mark_insn_storage(struct iseq_compile_data_storage *arena);
-
-/* iseq.c */
-typedef bool rb_iseq_each_i(VALUE *code, VALUE insn, size_t index, void *data);
-void rb_iseq_each(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, size_t start_index, rb_iseq_each_i iterator, void *data);
+void rb_iseq_mark_and_pin_insn_storage(struct iseq_compile_data_storage *arena);
 
 VALUE rb_iseq_load(VALUE data, VALUE parent, VALUE opt);
 VALUE rb_iseq_parameters(const rb_iseq_t *iseq, int is_proc);
@@ -226,7 +229,6 @@ struct rb_compile_option_struct {
     unsigned int specialized_instruction: 1;
     unsigned int operands_unification: 1;
     unsigned int instructions_unification: 1;
-    unsigned int stack_caching: 1;
     unsigned int frozen_string_literal: 1;
     unsigned int debug_frozen_string_literal: 1;
     unsigned int coverage_enabled: 1;
@@ -272,10 +274,11 @@ struct iseq_catch_table_entry {
     unsigned int sp;
 };
 
-PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED(struct iseq_catch_table {
+RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_BEGIN()
+struct iseq_catch_table {
     unsigned int size;
     struct iseq_catch_table_entry entries[FLEX_ARY_LEN];
-});
+} RBIMPL_ATTR_PACKED_STRUCT_UNALIGNED_END();
 
 static inline int
 iseq_catch_table_bytes(int n)
@@ -326,6 +329,10 @@ VALUE rb_iseq_defined_string(enum defined_type type);
 /* vm.c */
 VALUE rb_iseq_local_variables(const rb_iseq_t *iseq);
 
+attr_index_t rb_estimate_iv_count(VALUE klass, const rb_iseq_t * initialize_iseq);
+
+void rb_free_encoded_insn_data(void);
+
 RUBY_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END
 
 #endif /* RUBY_ISEQ_H */
diff --git a/kernel.rb b/kernel.rb
index 9cc58bc1d9..c6b3e44000 100644
--- a/kernel.rb
+++ b/kernel.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ module Kernel
   #++
   #
   def class
-    Primitive.attr! 'inline'
+    Primitive.attr! :leaf
     Primitive.cexpr! 'rb_obj_class(self)'
   end
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ module Kernel
   #++
   #
   def frozen?
-    Primitive.attr! 'inline'
+    Primitive.attr! :leaf
     Primitive.cexpr! 'rb_obj_frozen_p(self)'
   end
 
@@ -117,8 +117,17 @@ module Kernel
   #     # does not meet condition, drop value
   #     2.then.detect(&:odd?)            # => nil
   #
+  #  Good usage for +then+ is value piping in method chains:
+  #
+  #     require 'open-uri'
+  #     require 'json'
+  #
+  #     construct_url(arguments).
+  #       then {|url| URI(url).read }.
+  #       then {|response| JSON.parse(response) }
+  #
   def then
-    unless Primitive.block_given_p
+    unless block_given?
       return Primitive.cexpr! 'SIZED_ENUMERATOR(self, 0, 0, rb_obj_size)'
     end
     yield(self)
@@ -132,17 +141,8 @@ module Kernel
   #
   #     "my string".yield_self {|s| s.upcase }   #=> "MY STRING"
   #
-  #  Good usage for +then+ is value piping in method chains:
-  #
-  #     require 'open-uri'
-  #     require 'json'
-  #
-  #     construct_url(arguments).
-  #       then {|url| URI(url).read }.
-  #       then {|response| JSON.parse(response) }
-  #
   def yield_self
-    unless Primitive.block_given_p
+    unless block_given?
       return Primitive.cexpr! 'SIZED_ENUMERATOR(self, 0, 0, rb_obj_size)'
     end
     yield(self)
@@ -150,6 +150,47 @@ module Kernel
 
   module_function
 
+  # call-seq:
+  #    loop { block }
+  #    loop            -> an_enumerator
+  #
+  # Repeatedly executes the block.
+  #
+  # If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
+  #
+  #    loop do
+  #      print "Input: "
+  #      line = gets
+  #      break if !line or line =~ /^q/i
+  #      # ...
+  #    end
+  #
+  # StopIteration raised in the block breaks the loop.  In this case,
+  # loop returns the "result" value stored in the exception.
+  #
+  #    enum = Enumerator.new { |y|
+  #      y << "one"
+  #      y << "two"
+  #      :ok
+  #    }
+  #
+  #    result = loop {
+  #      puts enum.next
+  #    } #=> :ok
+  def loop
+    unless block_given?
+      return enum_for(:loop) { Float::INFINITY }
+    end
+
+    begin
+      while true
+        yield
+      end
+    rescue StopIteration => e
+      e.result
+    end
+  end
+
   #
   #  call-seq:
   #     Float(arg, exception: true)    -> float or nil
@@ -175,4 +216,97 @@ module Kernel
       Primitive.rb_f_float(arg, exception)
     end
   end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #   Integer(object, base = 0, exception: true) -> integer or nil
+  #
+  # Returns an integer converted from +object+.
+  #
+  # Tries to convert +object+ to an integer
+  # using +to_int+ first and +to_i+ second;
+  # see below for exceptions.
+  #
+  # With a non-zero +base+, +object+ must be a string or convertible
+  # to a string.
+  #
+  # ==== numeric objects
+  #
+  # With integer argument +object+ given, returns +object+:
+  #
+  #   Integer(1)                # => 1
+  #   Integer(-1)               # => -1
+  #
+  # With floating-point argument +object+ given,
+  # returns +object+ truncated to an integer:
+  #
+  #   Integer(1.9)              # => 1  # Rounds toward zero.
+  #   Integer(-1.9)             # => -1 # Rounds toward zero.
+  #
+  # ==== string objects
+  #
+  # With string argument +object+ and zero +base+ given,
+  # returns +object+ converted to an integer in base 10:
+  #
+  #   Integer('100')    # => 100
+  #   Integer('-100')   # => -100
+  #
+  # With +base+ zero, string +object+ may contain leading characters
+  # to specify the actual base (radix indicator):
+  #
+  #   Integer('0100')  # => 64  # Leading '0' specifies base 8.
+  #   Integer('0b100') # => 4   # Leading '0b', specifies base 2.
+  #   Integer('0x100') # => 256 # Leading '0x' specifies base 16.
+  #
+  # With a positive +base+ (in range 2..36) given, returns +object+
+  # converted to an integer in the given base:
+  #
+  #   Integer('100', 2)   # => 4
+  #   Integer('100', 8)   # => 64
+  #   Integer('-100', 16) # => -256
+  #
+  # With a negative +base+ (in range -36..-2) given, returns +object+
+  # converted to an integer in the radix indicator if exists or
+  # +-base+:
+  #
+  #   Integer('0x100', -2)   # => 256
+  #   Integer('100', -2)     # => 4
+  #   Integer('0b100', -8)   # => 4
+  #   Integer('100', -8)     # => 64
+  #   Integer('0o100', -10)  # => 64
+  #   Integer('100', -10)    # => 100
+  #
+  # +base+ -1 is equal the -10 case.
+  #
+  # When converting strings, surrounding whitespace and embedded underscores
+  # are allowed and ignored:
+  #
+  #   Integer(' 100 ')      # => 100
+  #   Integer('-1_0_0', 16) # => -256
+  #
+  # ==== other classes
+  #
+  # Examples with +object+ of various other classes:
+  #
+  #   Integer(Rational(9, 10)) # => 0  # Rounds toward zero.
+  #   Integer(Complex(2, 0))   # => 2  # Imaginary part must be zero.
+  #   Integer(Time.now)        # => 1650974042
+  #
+  # ==== keywords
+  #
+  # With optional keyword argument +exception+ given as +true+ (the default):
+  #
+  # - Raises TypeError if +object+ does not respond to +to_int+ or +to_i+.
+  # - Raises TypeError if +object+ is +nil+.
+  # - Raise ArgumentError if +object+ is an invalid string.
+  #
+  # With +exception+ given as +false+, an exception of any kind is suppressed
+  # and +nil+ is returned.
+
+  def Integer(arg, base = 0, exception: true)
+    if Primitive.mandatory_only?
+      Primitive.rb_f_integer1(arg)
+    else
+      Primitive.rb_f_integer(arg, base, exception);
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lex.c.blt b/lex.c.blt
index 92a4793b00..85727ed00f 100644
--- a/lex.c.blt
+++ b/lex.c.blt
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 struct kwtable {short name, id[2], state;};
 const struct kwtable *rb_reserved_word(const char *, unsigned int);
 #ifndef RIPPER
-static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(/*const char *, unsigned int*/);
+static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(register const char *str, register size_t len);
 #define rb_reserved_word(str, len) reserved_word(str, len)
 #line 9 "defs/keywords"
 struct kwtable;
diff --git a/lib/English.gemspec b/lib/English.gemspec
index 274fb047b8..5f4eb420c2 100644
--- a/lib/English.gemspec
+++ b/lib/English.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "english"
-  spec.version       = "0.7.1"
+  spec.version       = "0.8.0"
   spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
   spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
 
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
   # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
   spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
   end
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 end
diff --git a/lib/English.rb b/lib/English.rb
index ec90ff10cd..03fe721991 100644
--- a/lib/English.rb
+++ b/lib/English.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 #  Include the English library file in a Ruby script, and you can
-#  reference the global variables such as <tt>$_</tt> using less
+#  reference the global variables such as <code>$_</code> using less
 #  cryptic names, listed below.
 #
 #  Without 'English':
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
 #  $PROCESS_ID::              $$
 #  $CHILD_STATUS::            $?
 #  $LAST_MATCH_INFO::         $~
-#  $IGNORECASE::              $=
 #  $ARGV::                    $*
 #  $MATCH::                   $&
 #  $PREMATCH::                $`
@@ -56,87 +55,73 @@ alias $ERROR_INFO              $!
 alias $ERROR_POSITION          $@
 
 # The default separator pattern used by String#split.  May be set from
-# the command line using the <tt>-F</tt> flag.
+# the command line using the <code>-F</code> flag.
 alias $FS                      $;
-
-# The default separator pattern used by String#split.  May be set from
-# the command line using the <tt>-F</tt> flag.
 alias $FIELD_SEPARATOR         $;
 
 # The separator string output between the parameters to methods such
 # as Kernel#print and Array#join. Defaults to +nil+, which adds no
 # text.
-alias $OFS                     $,
 
 # The separator string output between the parameters to methods such
 # as Kernel#print and Array#join. Defaults to +nil+, which adds no
 # text.
+alias $OFS                     $,
 alias $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR  $,
 
 # The input record separator (newline by default). This is the value
 # that routines such as Kernel#gets use to determine record
 # boundaries. If set to +nil+, +gets+ will read the entire file.
 alias $RS                      $/
-
-# The input record separator (newline by default). This is the value
-# that routines such as Kernel#gets use to determine record
-# boundaries. If set to +nil+, +gets+ will read the entire file.
 alias $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR  $/
 
 # The string appended to the output of every call to methods such as
 # Kernel#print and IO#write. The default value is +nil+.
 alias $ORS                     $\
-
-# The string appended to the output of every call to methods such as
-# Kernel#print and IO#write. The default value is +nil+.
 alias $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR $\
 
 # The number of the last line read from the current input file.
-alias $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER       $.
-
-# The number of the last line read from the current input file.
 alias $NR                      $.
+alias $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER       $.
 
 # The last line read by Kernel#gets or
 # Kernel#readline. Many string-related functions in the
-# Kernel module operate on <tt>$_</tt> by default. The variable is
+# Kernel module operate on <code>$_</code> by default. The variable is
 # local to the current scope. Thread local.
 alias $LAST_READ_LINE          $_
 
 # The destination of output for Kernel#print
 # and Kernel#printf. The default value is
-# <tt>$stdout</tt>.
+# <code>$stdout</code>.
 alias $DEFAULT_OUTPUT          $>
 
 # An object that provides access to the concatenation
 # of the contents of all the files
-# given as command-line arguments, or <tt>$stdin</tt>
+# given as command-line arguments, or <code>$stdin</code>
 # (in the case where there are no
-# arguments). <tt>$<</tt> supports methods similar to a
+# arguments). <code>$<</code> supports methods similar to a
 # File object:
 # +inmode+, +close+,
-# <tt>closed?</tt>, +each+,
-# <tt>each_byte</tt>, <tt>each_line</tt>,
-# +eof+, <tt>eof?</tt>, +file+,
+# <code>closed?</code>, +each+,
+# <code>each_byte</code>, <code>each_line</code>,
+# +eof+, <code>eof?</code>, +file+,
 # +filename+, +fileno+,
 # +getc+, +gets+, +lineno+,
-# <tt>lineno=</tt>, +path+,
-# +pos+, <tt>pos=</tt>,
+# <code>lineno=</code>, +path+,
+# +pos+, <code>pos=</code>,
 # +read+, +readchar+,
 # +readline+, +readlines+,
 # +rewind+, +seek+, +skip+,
-# +tell+, <tt>to_a</tt>, <tt>to_i</tt>,
-# <tt>to_io</tt>, <tt>to_s</tt>, along with the
+# +tell+, <code>to_a</code>, <code>to_i</code>,
+# <code>to_io</code>, <code>to_s</code>, along with the
 # methods in Enumerable. The method +file+
 # returns a File object for the file currently
-# being read. This may change as <tt>$<</tt> reads
+# being read. This may change as <code>$<</code> reads
 # through the files on the command line. Read only.
 alias $DEFAULT_INPUT           $<
 
 # The process number of the program being executed. Read only.
 alias $PID                     $$
-
-# The process number of the program being executed. Read only.
 alias $PROCESS_ID              $$
 
 # The exit status of the last child process to terminate. Read
@@ -144,16 +129,13 @@ alias $PROCESS_ID              $$
 alias $CHILD_STATUS            $?
 
 # A +MatchData+ object that encapsulates the results of a successful
-# pattern match. The variables <tt>$&</tt>, <tt>$`</tt>, <tt>$'</tt>,
-# and <tt>$1</tt> to <tt>$9</tt> are all derived from
-# <tt>$~</tt>. Assigning to <tt>$~</tt> changes the values of these
+# pattern match. The variables <code>$&</code>, <code>$`</code>, <code>$'</code>,
+# and <code>$1</code> to <code>$9</code> are all derived from
+# <code>$~</code>. Assigning to <code>$~</code> changes the values of these
 # derived variables.  This variable is local to the current
 # scope.
 alias $LAST_MATCH_INFO         $~
 
-# This variable is no longer effective. Deprecated.
-alias $IGNORECASE              $=
-
 # An array of strings containing the command-line
 # options from the invocation of the program. Options
 # used by the Ruby interpreter will have been
@@ -176,7 +158,7 @@ alias $PREMATCH                $`
 alias $POSTMATCH               $'
 
 # The contents of the highest-numbered group matched in the last
-# successful pattern match. Thus, in <tt>"cat" =~ /(c|a)(t|z)/</tt>,
-# <tt>$+</tt> will be set to "t".  This variable is local to the
+# successful pattern match. Thus, in <code>"cat" =~ /(c|a)(t|z)/</code>,
+# <code>$+</code> will be set to "t".  This variable is local to the
 # current scope. Read only.
 alias $LAST_PAREN_MATCH        $+
diff --git a/lib/abbrev.gemspec b/lib/abbrev.gemspec
index 72837ed2ab..50c500bbc7 100644
--- a/lib/abbrev.gemspec
+++ b/lib/abbrev.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "abbrev"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.0"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Akinori MUSHA"]
   spec.email         = ["knu@idaemons.org"]
 
diff --git a/lib/abbrev.rb b/lib/abbrev.rb
index 2af01d2eae..312085c289 100644
--- a/lib/abbrev.rb
+++ b/lib/abbrev.rb
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 #     "w"       => "winter" }
 
 module Abbrev
+  VERSION = "0.1.2"
 
   # Given a set of strings, calculate the set of unambiguous abbreviations for
   # those strings, and return a hash where the keys are all the possible
diff --git a/lib/base64.gemspec b/lib/base64.gemspec
index daa0b7fa14..c013b7c1c2 100644
--- a/lib/base64.gemspec
+++ b/lib/base64.gemspec
@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1).join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "base64"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Yusuke Endoh"]
   spec.email         = ["mame@ruby-lang.org"]
 
   spec.summary       = %q{Support for encoding and decoding binary data using a Base64 representation.}
   spec.description   = %q{Support for encoding and decoding binary data using a Base64 representation.}
   spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/base64"
-  spec.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.3.0")
+  spec.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.4")
   spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
 
   spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
diff --git a/lib/base64.rb b/lib/base64.rb
index 693aa1f519..cd2ecc18ea 100644
--- a/lib/base64.rb
+++ b/lib/base64.rb
@@ -1,85 +1,330 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 #
-# = base64.rb: methods for base64-encoding and -decoding strings
+# \Module \Base64 provides methods for:
 #
-
-# The Base64 module provides for the encoding (#encode64, #strict_encode64,
-# #urlsafe_encode64) and decoding (#decode64, #strict_decode64,
-# #urlsafe_decode64) of binary data using a Base64 representation.
+# - Encoding a binary string (containing non-ASCII characters)
+#   as a string of printable ASCII characters.
+# - Decoding such an encoded string.
 #
-# == Example
+# \Base64 is commonly used in contexts where binary data
+# is not allowed or supported:
 #
-# A simple encoding and decoding.
+# - Images in HTML or CSS files, or in URLs.
+# - Email attachments.
 #
-#     require "base64"
+# A \Base64-encoded string is about one-third larger that its source.
+# See the {Wikipedia article}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64]
+# for more information.
 #
-#     enc   = Base64.encode64('Send reinforcements')
-#                         # -> "U2VuZCByZWluZm9yY2VtZW50cw==\n"
-#     plain = Base64.decode64(enc)
-#                         # -> "Send reinforcements"
+# This module provides three pairs of encode/decode methods.
+# Your choices among these methods should depend on:
+#
+# - Which character set is to be used for encoding and decoding.
+# - Whether "padding" is to be used.
+# - Whether encoded strings are to contain newlines.
+#
+# Note: Examples on this page assume that the including program has executed:
+#
+#   require 'base64'
+#
+# == Encoding Character Sets
+#
+# A \Base64-encoded string consists only of characters from a 64-character set:
+#
+# - <tt>('A'..'Z')</tt>.
+# - <tt>('a'..'z')</tt>.
+# - <tt>('0'..'9')</tt>.
+# - <tt>=</tt>, the 'padding' character.
+# - Either:
+#   - <tt>%w[+ /]</tt>:
+#     {RFC-2045-compliant}[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2045];
+#     _not_ safe for URLs.
+#   - <tt>%w[- _]</tt>:
+#     {RFC-4648-compliant}[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4648];
+#     safe for URLs.
+#
+# If you are working with \Base64-encoded strings that will come from
+# or be put into URLs, you should choose this encoder-decoder pair
+# of RFC-4648-compliant methods:
+#
+# - Base64.urlsafe_encode64 and Base64.urlsafe_decode64.
+#
+# Otherwise, you may choose any of the pairs in this module,
+# including the pair above, or the RFC-2045-compliant pairs:
+#
+# - Base64.encode64 and Base64.decode64.
+# - Base64.strict_encode64 and Base64.strict_decode64.
+#
+# == Padding
+#
+# \Base64-encoding changes a triplet of input bytes
+# into a quartet of output characters.
+#
+# <b>Padding in Encode Methods</b>
+#
+# Padding -- extending an encoded string with zero, one, or two trailing
+# <tt>=</tt> characters -- is performed by methods Base64.encode64,
+# Base64.strict_encode64, and, by default, Base64.urlsafe_encode64:
+#
+#   Base64.encode64('s')                         # => "cw==\n"
+#   Base64.strict_encode64('s')                  # => "cw=="
+#   Base64.urlsafe_encode64('s')                 # => "cw=="
+#   Base64.urlsafe_encode64('s', padding: false) # => "cw"
+#
+# When padding is performed, the encoded string is always of length <em>4n</em>,
+# where +n+ is a non-negative integer:
+#
+# - Input bytes of length <em>3n</em> generate unpadded output characters
+#   of length <em>4n</em>:
+#
+#     # n = 1:  3 bytes => 4 characters.
+#     Base64.strict_encode64('123')      # => "MDEy"
+#     # n = 2:  6 bytes => 8 characters.
+#     Base64.strict_encode64('123456')   # => "MDEyMzQ1"
+#
+# - Input bytes of length <em>3n+1</em> generate padded output characters
+#   of length <em>4(n+1)</em>, with two padding characters at the end:
+#
+#     # n = 1:  4 bytes => 8 characters.
+#     Base64.strict_encode64('1234')     # => "MDEyMw=="
+#     # n = 2:  7 bytes => 12 characters.
+#     Base64.strict_encode64('1234567')  # => "MDEyMzQ1Ng=="
+#
+# - Input bytes of length <em>3n+2</em> generate padded output characters
+#   of length <em>4(n+1)</em>, with one padding character at the end:
+#
+#     # n = 1:  5 bytes => 8 characters.
+#     Base64.strict_encode64('12345')    # => "MDEyMzQ="
+#     # n = 2:  8 bytes => 12 characters.
+#     Base64.strict_encode64('12345678') # => "MDEyMzQ1Njc="
+#
+# When padding is suppressed, for a positive integer <em>n</em>:
+#
+# - Input bytes of length <em>3n</em> generate unpadded output characters
+#   of length <em>4n</em>:
+#
+#     # n = 1:  3 bytes => 4 characters.
+#     Base64.urlsafe_encode64('123', padding: false)      # => "MDEy"
+#     # n = 2:  6 bytes => 8 characters.
+#     Base64.urlsafe_encode64('123456', padding: false)   # => "MDEyMzQ1"
+#
+# - Input bytes of length <em>3n+1</em> generate unpadded output characters
+#   of length <em>4n+2</em>, with two padding characters at the end:
+#
+#     # n = 1:  4 bytes => 6 characters.
+#     Base64.urlsafe_encode64('1234', padding: false)     # => "MDEyMw"
+#     # n = 2:  7 bytes => 10 characters.
+#     Base64.urlsafe_encode64('1234567', padding: false)  # => "MDEyMzQ1Ng"
+#
+# - Input bytes of length <em>3n+2</em> generate unpadded output characters
+#   of length <em>4n+3</em>, with one padding character at the end:
+#
+#     # n = 1:  5 bytes => 7 characters.
+#     Base64.urlsafe_encode64('12345', padding: false)    # => "MDEyMzQ"
+#     # m = 2:  8 bytes => 11 characters.
+#     Base64.urlsafe_encode64('12345678', padding: false) # => "MDEyMzQ1Njc"
+#
+# <b>Padding in Decode Methods</b>
+#
+# All of the \Base64 decode methods support (but do not require) padding.
+#
+# \Method Base64.decode64 does not check the size of the padding:
+#
+#   Base64.decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc") # => "01234567"
+#   Base64.decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc=") # => "01234567"
+#   Base64.decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc==") # => "01234567"
+#
+# \Method Base64.strict_decode64 strictly enforces padding size:
+#
+#   Base64.strict_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc")   # Raises ArgumentError
+#   Base64.strict_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc=")  # => "01234567"
+#   Base64.strict_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc==") # Raises ArgumentError
+#
+# \Method Base64.urlsafe_decode64 allows padding in +str+,
+# which if present, must be correct:
+# see {Padding}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Padding], above:
+#
+#   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc") # => "01234567"
+#   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc=") # => "01234567"
+#   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc==") # Raises ArgumentError.
+#
+# == Newlines
+#
+# An encoded string returned by Base64.encode64 or Base64.urlsafe_encode64
+# has an embedded newline character
+# after each 60-character sequence, and, if non-empty, at the end:
+#
+#   # No newline if empty.
+#   encoded = Base64.encode64("\x00" *  0)
+#   encoded.index("\n") # => nil
+#
+#   # Newline at end of short output.
+#   encoded = Base64.encode64("\x00" *  1)
+#   encoded.size        # => 4
+#   encoded.index("\n") # => 4
+#
+#   # Newline at end of longer output.
+#   encoded = Base64.encode64("\x00" * 45)
+#   encoded.size        # => 60
+#   encoded.index("\n") # => 60
+#
+#   # Newlines embedded and at end of still longer output.
+#   encoded = Base64.encode64("\x00" * 46)
+#   encoded.size                          # => 65
+#   encoded.rindex("\n")                  # => 65
+#   encoded.split("\n").map {|s| s.size } # => [60, 4]
+#
+# The string to be encoded may itself contain newlines,
+# which are encoded as \Base64:
+#
+#      #   Base64.encode64("\n\n\n") # => "CgoK\n"
+#    s = "This is line 1\nThis is line 2\n"
+#    Base64.encode64(s) # => "VGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDEKVGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDIK\n"
 #
-# The purpose of using base64 to encode data is that it translates any
-# binary data into purely printable characters.
-
 module Base64
+
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
+
   module_function
 
-  # Returns the Base64-encoded version of +bin+.
-  # This method complies with RFC 2045.
-  # Line feeds are added to every 60 encoded characters.
+  # Returns a string containing the RFC-2045-compliant \Base64-encoding of +bin+.
+  #
+  # Per RFC 2045, the returned string may contain the URL-unsafe characters
+  # <tt>+</tt> or <tt>/</tt>;
+  # see {Encoding Character Set}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Encoding+Character+Sets] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.encode64("\xFB\xEF\xBE") # => "++++\n"
+  #   Base64.encode64("\xFF\xFF\xFF") # => "////\n"
   #
-  #    require 'base64'
-  #    Base64.encode64("Now is the time for all good coders\nto learn Ruby")
+  # The returned string may include padding;
+  # see {Padding}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Padding] above.
   #
-  # <i>Generates:</i>
+  #   Base64.encode64('*') # => "Kg==\n"
+  #
+  # The returned string ends with a newline character, and if sufficiently long
+  # will have one or more embedded newline characters;
+  # see {Newlines}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Newlines] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.encode64('*') # => "Kg==\n"
+  #   Base64.encode64('*' * 46)
+  #   # => "KioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioq\nKg==\n"
+  #
+  # The string to be encoded may itself contain newlines,
+  # which will be encoded as ordinary \Base64:
+  #
+  #   Base64.encode64("\n\n\n") # => "CgoK\n"
+  #   s = "This is line 1\nThis is line 2\n"
+  #   Base64.encode64(s) # => "VGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDEKVGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDIK\n"
   #
-  #    Tm93IGlzIHRoZSB0aW1lIGZvciBhbGwgZ29vZCBjb2RlcnMKdG8gbGVhcm4g
-  #    UnVieQ==
   def encode64(bin)
     [bin].pack("m")
   end
 
-  # Returns the Base64-decoded version of +str+.
-  # This method complies with RFC 2045.
-  # Characters outside the base alphabet are ignored.
-  #
-  #   require 'base64'
-  #   str = 'VGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIG9uZQpUaGlzIG' +
-  #         'lzIGxpbmUgdHdvClRoaXMgaXMgbGlu' +
-  #         'ZSB0aHJlZQpBbmQgc28gb24uLi4K'
-  #   puts Base64.decode64(str)
-  #
-  # <i>Generates:</i>
-  #
-  #    This is line one
-  #    This is line two
-  #    This is line three
-  #    And so on...
+  # Returns a string containing the decoding of an RFC-2045-compliant
+  # \Base64-encoded string +str+:
+  #
+  #   s = "VGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDEKVGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDIK\n"
+  #   Base64.decode64(s) # => "This is line 1\nThis is line 2\n"
+  #
+  # Non-\Base64 characters in +str+ are ignored;
+  # see {Encoding Character Set}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Encoding+Character+Sets] above:
+  # these include newline characters and characters <tt>-</tt> and <tt>/</tt>:
+  #
+  #   Base64.decode64("\x00\n-_") # => ""
+  #
+  # Padding in +str+ (even if incorrect) is ignored:
+  #
+  #   Base64.decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc")   # => "01234567"
+  #   Base64.decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc=")  # => "01234567"
+  #   Base64.decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc==") # => "01234567"
+  #
   def decode64(str)
     str.unpack1("m")
   end
 
-  # Returns the Base64-encoded version of +bin+.
-  # This method complies with RFC 4648.
-  # No line feeds are added.
+  # Returns a string containing the RFC-2045-compliant \Base64-encoding of +bin+.
+  #
+  # Per RFC 2045, the returned string may contain the URL-unsafe characters
+  # <tt>+</tt> or <tt>/</tt>;
+  # see {Encoding Character Set}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Encoding+Character+Sets] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64("\xFB\xEF\xBE") # => "++++\n"
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64("\xFF\xFF\xFF") # => "////\n"
+  #
+  # The returned string may include padding;
+  # see {Padding}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Padding] above.
+  #
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64('*') # => "Kg==\n"
+  #
+  # The returned string will have no newline characters, regardless of its length;
+  # see {Newlines}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Newlines] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64('*') # => "Kg=="
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64('*' * 46)
+  #   # => "KioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKg=="
+  #
+  # The string to be encoded may itself contain newlines,
+  # which will be encoded as ordinary \Base64:
+  #
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64("\n\n\n") # => "CgoK"
+  #   s = "This is line 1\nThis is line 2\n"
+  #   Base64.strict_encode64(s) # => "VGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDEKVGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDIK"
+  #
   def strict_encode64(bin)
     [bin].pack("m0")
   end
 
-  # Returns the Base64-decoded version of +str+.
-  # This method complies with RFC 4648.
-  # ArgumentError is raised if +str+ is incorrectly padded or contains
-  # non-alphabet characters.  Note that CR or LF are also rejected.
+  # Returns a string containing the decoding of an RFC-2045-compliant
+  # \Base64-encoded string +str+:
+  #
+  #   s = "VGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDEKVGhpcyBpcyBsaW5lIDIK"
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64(s) # => "This is line 1\nThis is line 2\n"
+  #
+  # Non-\Base64 characters in +str+ not allowed;
+  # see {Encoding Character Set}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Encoding+Character+Sets] above:
+  # these include newline characters and characters <tt>-</tt> and <tt>/</tt>:
+  #
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64("\n") # Raises ArgumentError
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64('-')  # Raises ArgumentError
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64('_')  # Raises ArgumentError
+  #
+  # Padding in +str+, if present, must be correct:
+  #
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc")   # Raises ArgumentError
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc=")  # => "01234567"
+  #   Base64.strict_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc==") # Raises ArgumentError
+  #
   def strict_decode64(str)
     str.unpack1("m0")
   end
 
-  # Returns the Base64-encoded version of +bin+.
-  # This method complies with ``Base 64 Encoding with URL and Filename Safe
-  # Alphabet'' in RFC 4648.
-  # The alphabet uses '-' instead of '+' and '_' instead of '/'.
-  # Note that the result can still contain '='.
-  # You can remove the padding by setting +padding+ as false.
+  # Returns the RFC-4648-compliant \Base64-encoding of +bin+.
+  #
+  # Per RFC 4648, the returned string will not contain the URL-unsafe characters
+  # <tt>+</tt> or <tt>/</tt>,
+  # but instead may contain the URL-safe characters
+  # <tt>-</tt> and <tt>_</tt>;
+  # see {Encoding Character Set}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Encoding+Character+Sets] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_encode64("\xFB\xEF\xBE") # => "----"
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_encode64("\xFF\xFF\xFF") # => "____"
+  #
+  # By default, the returned string may have padding;
+  # see {Padding}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Padding], above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_encode64('*') # => "Kg=="
+  #
+  # Optionally, you can suppress padding:
+  #
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_encode64('*', padding: false) # => "Kg"
+  #
+  # The returned string will have no newline characters, regardless of its length;
+  # see {Newlines}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Newlines] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_encode64('*') # => "Kg=="
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_encode64('*' * 46)
+  #   # => "KioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKg=="
+  #
   def urlsafe_encode64(bin, padding: true)
     str = strict_encode64(bin)
     str.chomp!("==") or str.chomp!("=") unless padding
@@ -87,14 +332,22 @@ module Base64
     str
   end
 
-  # Returns the Base64-decoded version of +str+.
-  # This method complies with ``Base 64 Encoding with URL and Filename Safe
-  # Alphabet'' in RFC 4648.
-  # The alphabet uses '-' instead of '+' and '_' instead of '/'.
-  #
-  # The padding character is optional.
-  # This method accepts both correctly-padded and unpadded input.
-  # Note that it still rejects incorrectly-padded input.
+  # Returns the decoding of an RFC-4648-compliant \Base64-encoded string +str+:
+  #
+  # +str+ may not contain non-Base64 characters;
+  # see {Encoding Character Set}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Encoding+Character+Sets] above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_decode64('+')  # Raises ArgumentError.
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_decode64('/')  # Raises ArgumentError.
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("\n") # Raises ArgumentError.
+  #
+  # Padding in +str+, if present, must be correct:
+  # see {Padding}[Base64.html#module-Base64-label-Padding], above:
+  #
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc") # => "01234567"
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc=") # => "01234567"
+  #   Base64.urlsafe_decode64("MDEyMzQ1Njc==") # Raises ArgumentError.
+  #
   def urlsafe_decode64(str)
     # NOTE: RFC 4648 does say nothing about unpadded input, but says that
     # "the excess pad characters MAY also be ignored", so it is inferred that
diff --git a/lib/benchmark.gemspec b/lib/benchmark.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6e98db805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/benchmark.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
+  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
+  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{a performance benchmarking library}
+  spec.description   = spec.summary
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/benchmark"
+  spec.licenses       = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
+
+  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
+
+  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
+  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
+  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  end
+  spec.bindir        = "exe"
+  spec.executables   = []
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+end
diff --git a/lib/benchmark.rb b/lib/benchmark.rb
index 79c782e262..9f43255e42 100644
--- a/lib/benchmark.rb
+++ b/lib/benchmark.rb
@@ -121,6 +121,8 @@
 
 module Benchmark
 
+  VERSION = "0.3.0"
+
   BENCHMARK_VERSION = "2002-04-25" # :nodoc:
 
   # Invokes the block with a Benchmark::Report object, which
diff --git a/lib/benchmark/benchmark.gemspec b/lib/benchmark/benchmark.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 58b47d95e1..0000000000
--- a/lib/benchmark/benchmark.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-begin
-  require_relative "lib/benchmark/version"
-rescue LoadError # Fallback to load version file in ruby core repository
-  require_relative "version"
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "benchmark"
-  spec.version       = Benchmark::VERSION
-  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
-  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{a performance benchmarking library}
-  spec.description   = spec.summary
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/benchmark"
-  spec.licenses       = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-
-  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
-  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
-
-  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
-  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
-  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
-  end
-  spec.bindir        = "exe"
-  spec.executables   = []
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-end
diff --git a/lib/benchmark/version.rb b/lib/benchmark/version.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 545575f4ab..0000000000
--- a/lib/benchmark/version.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-module Benchmark
-  VERSION = "0.2.0"
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundled_gems.rb b/lib/bundled_gems.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e756af61ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundled_gems.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+# -*- frozen-string-literal: true -*-
+
+# :stopdoc:
+
+module Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS
+  SINCE = {
+    "rexml" => "3.0.0",
+    "rss" => "3.0.0",
+    "webrick" => "3.0.0",
+    "matrix" => "3.1.0",
+    "net-ftp" => "3.1.0",
+    "net-imap" => "3.1.0",
+    "net-pop" => "3.1.0",
+    "net-smtp" => "3.1.0",
+    "prime" => "3.1.0",
+    "racc" => "3.3.0",
+    "abbrev" => "3.4.0",
+    "base64" => "3.4.0",
+    "bigdecimal" => "3.4.0",
+    "csv" => "3.4.0",
+    "drb" => "3.4.0",
+    "getoptlong" => "3.4.0",
+    "mutex_m" => "3.4.0",
+    "nkf" => "3.4.0",
+    "observer" => "3.4.0",
+    "resolv-replace" => "3.4.0",
+    "rinda" => "3.4.0",
+    "syslog" => "3.4.0",
+  }.freeze
+
+  EXACT = {
+    "abbrev" => true,
+    "base64" => true,
+    "bigdecimal" => true,
+    "csv" => true,
+    "drb" => true,
+    "getoptlong" => true,
+    "mutex_m" => true,
+    "nkf" => true, "kconv" => "nkf",
+    "observer" => true,
+    "resolv-replace" => true,
+    "rinda" => true,
+    "syslog" => true,
+  }.freeze
+
+  PREFIXED = {
+    "bigdecimal" => true,
+    "csv" => true,
+    "drb" => true,
+    "rinda" => true,
+    "syslog" => true,
+  }.freeze
+
+  WARNED = {}                   # unfrozen
+
+  conf = ::RbConfig::CONFIG
+  LIBDIR = (conf["rubylibdir"] + "/").freeze
+  ARCHDIR = (conf["rubyarchdir"] + "/").freeze
+  dlext = [conf["DLEXT"], "so"].uniq
+  DLEXT = /\.#{Regexp.union(dlext)}\z/
+  LIBEXT = /\.#{Regexp.union("rb", *dlext)}\z/
+
+  def self.replace_require(specs)
+    return if [::Kernel.singleton_class, ::Kernel].any? {|klass| klass.respond_to?(:no_warning_require) }
+
+    spec_names = specs.to_a.each_with_object({}) {|spec, h| h[spec.name] = true }
+
+    [::Kernel.singleton_class, ::Kernel].each do |kernel_class|
+      kernel_class.send(:alias_method, :no_warning_require, :require)
+      kernel_class.send(:define_method, :require) do |name|
+        if message = ::Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS.warning?(name, specs: spec_names) # rubocop:disable Style/HashSyntax
+          warn message, :uplevel => 1
+        end
+        kernel_class.send(:no_warning_require, name)
+      end
+      if kernel_class == ::Kernel
+        kernel_class.send(:private, :require)
+      else
+        kernel_class.send(:public, :require)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.find_gem(path)
+    if !path
+      return
+    elsif path.start_with?(ARCHDIR)
+      n = path.delete_prefix(ARCHDIR).sub(DLEXT, "")
+    elsif path.start_with?(LIBDIR)
+      n = path.delete_prefix(LIBDIR).chomp(".rb")
+    else
+      return
+    end
+    EXACT[n] or PREFIXED[n = n[%r[\A[^/]+(?=/)]]] && n
+  end
+
+  def self.warning?(name, specs: nil)
+    # name can be a feature name or a file path with String or Pathname
+    feature = File.path(name)
+    # bootsnap expand `require "csv"` to `require "#{LIBDIR}/csv.rb"`
+    name = feature.delete_prefix(LIBDIR).chomp(".rb").tr("/", "-")
+    name.sub!(LIBEXT, "")
+    return if specs.include?(name)
+    _t, path = $:.resolve_feature_path(feature)
+    if gem = find_gem(path)
+      return if specs.include?(gem)
+      caller = caller_locations(3, 3).find {|c| c&.absolute_path}
+      return if find_gem(caller&.absolute_path)
+    elsif SINCE[name]
+      gem = true
+    else
+      return
+    end
+
+    return if WARNED[name]
+    WARNED[name] = true
+    if gem == true
+      gem = name
+      "#{feature} was loaded from the standard library, but"
+    elsif gem
+      return if WARNED[gem]
+      WARNED[gem] = true
+      "#{feature} is found in #{gem}, which"
+    else
+      return
+    end + build_message(gem)
+  end
+
+  def self.build_message(gem)
+    msg = " #{RUBY_VERSION < SINCE[gem] ? "will no longer be" : "is not"} part of the default gems since Ruby #{SINCE[gem]}."
+
+    if defined?(Bundler)
+      msg += " Add #{gem} to your Gemfile or gemspec."
+
+      # We detect the gem name from caller_locations. We need to skip 2 frames like:
+      # lib/ruby/3.3.0+0/bundled_gems.rb:90:in `warning?'",
+      # lib/ruby/3.3.0+0/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:247:in `block (2 levels) in replace_require'",
+      #
+      # Additionally, we need to skip Bootsnap and Zeitwerk if present, these
+      # gems decorate Kernel#require, so they are not really the ones issuing
+      # the require call users should be warned about. Those are upwards.
+      frames_to_skip = 2
+      location = nil
+      Thread.each_caller_location do |cl|
+        if frames_to_skip >= 1
+          frames_to_skip -= 1
+          next
+        end
+
+        unless cl.path.match?(/bootsnap|zeitwerk/)
+          location = cl.path
+          break
+        end
+      end
+
+      if location && File.file?(location) && !location.start_with?(Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS::LIBDIR)
+        caller_gem = nil
+        Gem.path.each do |path|
+          if location =~ %r{#{path}/gems/([\w\-\.]+)}
+            caller_gem = $1
+            break
+          end
+        end
+        if caller_gem
+          msg += " Also contact author of #{caller_gem} to add #{gem} into its gemspec."
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      msg += " Install #{gem} from RubyGems."
+    end
+
+    msg
+  end
+
+  freeze
+end
+
+# for RubyGems without Bundler environment.
+# If loading library is not part of the default gems and the bundled gems, warn it.
+class LoadError
+  def message
+    return super unless path
+
+    name = path.tr("/", "-")
+    if !defined?(Bundler) && Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS::SINCE[name] && !Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS::WARNED[name]
+      warn name + Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS.build_message(name)
+    end
+    super
+  end
+end
+
+# :startdoc:
diff --git a/lib/bundler.rb b/lib/bundler.rb
index 24785ef5eb..59a1107bb7 100644
--- a/lib/bundler.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ require_relative "bundler/build_metadata"
 # Bundler provides a consistent environment for Ruby projects by
 # tracking and installing the exact gems and versions that are needed.
 #
-# Since Ruby 2.6, Bundler is a part of Ruby's standard library.
+# Bundler is a part of Ruby's standard library.
 #
 # Bundler is used by creating _gemfiles_ listing all the project dependencies
 # and (optionally) their versions and then using
@@ -39,9 +39,10 @@ module Bundler
   environment_preserver.replace_with_backup
   SUDO_MUTEX = Thread::Mutex.new
 
+  autoload :Checksum,               File.expand_path("bundler/checksum", __dir__)
+  autoload :CIDetector,             File.expand_path("bundler/ci_detector", __dir__)
   autoload :Definition,             File.expand_path("bundler/definition", __dir__)
   autoload :Dependency,             File.expand_path("bundler/dependency", __dir__)
-  autoload :DepProxy,               File.expand_path("bundler/dep_proxy", __dir__)
   autoload :Deprecate,              File.expand_path("bundler/deprecate", __dir__)
   autoload :Digest,                 File.expand_path("bundler/digest", __dir__)
   autoload :Dsl,                    File.expand_path("bundler/dsl", __dir__)
@@ -76,11 +77,12 @@ module Bundler
   autoload :StubSpecification,      File.expand_path("bundler/stub_specification", __dir__)
   autoload :UI,                     File.expand_path("bundler/ui", __dir__)
   autoload :URICredentialsFilter,   File.expand_path("bundler/uri_credentials_filter", __dir__)
-  autoload :VersionRanges,          File.expand_path("bundler/version_ranges", __dir__)
+  autoload :URINormalizer,          File.expand_path("bundler/uri_normalizer", __dir__)
+  autoload :SafeMarshal,            File.expand_path("bundler/safe_marshal", __dir__)
 
   class << self
     def configure
-      @configured ||= configure_gem_home_and_path
+      @configure ||= configure_gem_home_and_path
     end
 
     def ui
@@ -98,9 +100,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def create_bundle_path
-      SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(bundle_path.to_s) do |p|
-        mkdir_p(p)
-      end unless bundle_path.exist?
+      mkdir_p(bundle_path) unless bundle_path.exist?
 
       @bundle_path = bundle_path.realpath
     rescue Errno::EEXIST
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ module Bundler
       @bin_path ||= begin
         path = settings[:bin] || "bin"
         path = Pathname.new(path).expand_path(root).expand_path
-        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path) {|p| FileUtils.mkdir_p(p) }
+        mkdir_p(path)
         path
       end
     end
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def environment
-      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "Bundler.environment has been removed in favor of Bundler.load", :print_caller_location => true
+      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "Bundler.environment has been removed in favor of Bundler.load", print_caller_location: true
       load
     end
 
@@ -200,19 +200,21 @@ module Bundler
     #
     # @param unlock [Hash, Boolean, nil] Gems that have been requested
     #   to be updated or true if all gems should be updated
+    # @param lockfile [Pathname] Path to Gemfile.lock
     # @return [Bundler::Definition]
-    def definition(unlock = nil)
+    def definition(unlock = nil, lockfile = default_lockfile)
       @definition = nil if unlock
       @definition ||= begin
         configure
-        Definition.build(default_gemfile, default_lockfile, unlock)
+        Definition.build(default_gemfile, lockfile, unlock)
       end
     end
 
     def frozen_bundle?
-      frozen = settings[:deployment]
-      frozen ||= settings[:frozen]
-      frozen
+      frozen = settings[:frozen]
+      return frozen unless frozen.nil?
+
+      settings[:deployment]
     end
 
     def locked_gems
@@ -329,14 +331,6 @@ module Bundler
 
     def rm_rf(path)
       FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path) if path && File.exist?(path)
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      message = <<EOF
-It is a security vulnerability to allow your home directory to be world-writable, and bundler cannot continue.
-You should probably consider fixing this issue by running `chmod o-w ~` on *nix.
-Please refer to https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-3.1.2/libdoc/fileutils/rdoc/FileUtils.html#method-c-remove_entry_secure for details.
-EOF
-      File.world_writable?(path) ? Bundler.ui.warn(message) : raise
-      raise PathError, "Please fix the world-writable issue with your #{path} directory"
     end
 
     def settings
@@ -352,13 +346,13 @@ EOF
 
     # @deprecated Use `unbundled_env` instead
     def clean_env
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(
-        2,
+      message =
         "`Bundler.clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \
-        "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`",
-        :print_caller_location => true
-      )
-
+        "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`"
+      removed_message =
+        "`Bundler.clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \
+        "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`"
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
       unbundled_env
     end
 
@@ -395,13 +389,13 @@ EOF
 
     # @deprecated Use `with_unbundled_env` instead
     def with_clean_env
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(
-        2,
+      message =
         "`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \
-        "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`",
-        :print_caller_location => true
-      )
-
+        "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`"
+      removed_message =
+        "`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \
+        "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`"
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
       with_env(unbundled_env) { yield }
     end
 
@@ -417,13 +411,13 @@ EOF
 
     # @deprecated Use `unbundled_system` instead
     def clean_system(*args)
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(
-        2,
+      message =
         "`Bundler.clean_system` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \
-        "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`",
-        :print_caller_location => true
-      )
-
+        "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`"
+      removed_message =
+        "`Bundler.clean_system` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \
+        "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`"
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
       with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.system(*args) }
     end
 
@@ -439,13 +433,13 @@ EOF
 
     # @deprecated Use `unbundled_exec` instead
     def clean_exec(*args)
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(
-        2,
+      message =
         "`Bundler.clean_exec` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \
-        "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`",
-        :print_caller_location => true
-      )
-
+        "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`"
+      removed_message =
+        "`Bundler.clean_exec` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \
+        "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`"
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
       with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) }
     end
 
@@ -455,7 +449,7 @@ EOF
     end
 
     def local_platform
-      return Gem::Platform::RUBY if settings[:force_ruby_platform] || Gem.platforms == [Gem::Platform::RUBY]
+      return Gem::Platform::RUBY if settings[:force_ruby_platform]
       Gem::Platform.local
     end
 
@@ -488,41 +482,9 @@ EOF
       configured_bundle_path.use_system_gems?
     end
 
-    def requires_sudo?
-      return @requires_sudo if defined?(@requires_sudo_ran)
-
-      sudo_present = which "sudo" if settings.allow_sudo?
-
-      if sudo_present
-        # the bundle path and subdirectories need to be writable for RubyGems
-        # to be able to unpack and install gems without exploding
-        path = bundle_path
-        path = path.parent until path.exist?
-
-        # bins are written to a different location on OS X
-        bin_dir = Pathname.new(Bundler.system_bindir)
-        bin_dir = bin_dir.parent until bin_dir.exist?
-
-        # if any directory is not writable, we need sudo
-        files = [path, bin_dir] | Dir[bundle_path.join("build_info/*").to_s] | Dir[bundle_path.join("*").to_s]
-        unwritable_files = files.reject {|f| File.writable?(f) }
-        sudo_needed = !unwritable_files.empty?
-        if sudo_needed
-          Bundler.ui.warn "Following files may not be writable, so sudo is needed:\n  #{unwritable_files.map(&:to_s).sort.join("\n  ")}"
-        end
-      end
-
-      @requires_sudo_ran = true
-      @requires_sudo = settings.allow_sudo? && sudo_present && sudo_needed
-    end
-
-    def mkdir_p(path, options = {})
-      if requires_sudo? && !options[:no_sudo]
-        sudo "mkdir -p '#{path}'" unless File.exist?(path)
-      else
-        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :write) do |p|
-          FileUtils.mkdir_p(p)
-        end
+    def mkdir_p(path)
+      SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :write) do |p|
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p(p)
       end
     end
 
@@ -530,7 +492,7 @@ EOF
       if File.file?(executable) && File.executable?(executable)
         executable
       elsif paths = ENV["PATH"]
-        quote = '"'.freeze
+        quote = '"'
         paths.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).find do |path|
           path = path[1..-2] if path.start_with?(quote) && path.end_with?(quote)
           executable_path = File.expand_path(executable, path)
@@ -539,41 +501,23 @@ EOF
       end
     end
 
-    def sudo(str)
-      SUDO_MUTEX.synchronize do
-        prompt = "\n\n" + <<-PROMPT.gsub(/^ {6}/, "").strip + " "
-        Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
-        You can cancel this installation and run:
-
-            bundle config set --local path 'vendor/bundle'
-            bundle install
-
-        to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
-        and install the bundled gems to RubyGems using sudo.
-
-        Password:
-        PROMPT
-
-        unless @prompted_for_sudo ||= system(%(sudo -k -p "#{prompt}" true))
-          raise SudoNotPermittedError,
-            "Bundler requires sudo access to install at the moment. " \
-            "Try installing again, granting Bundler sudo access when prompted, or installing into a different path."
-        end
-
-        `sudo -p "#{prompt}" #{str}`
-      end
-    end
-
     def read_file(file)
       SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file, :read) do
         File.open(file, "r:UTF-8", &:read)
       end
     end
 
-    def load_marshal(data)
-      Marshal.load(data)
-    rescue TypeError => e
-      raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
+    def safe_load_marshal(data)
+      if Gem.respond_to?(:load_safe_marshal)
+        Gem.load_safe_marshal
+        begin
+          Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load(data)
+        rescue Gem::SafeMarshal::Reader::Error, Gem::SafeMarshal::Visitors::ToRuby::Error => e
+          raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
+        end
+      else
+        load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: SafeMarshal.proc)
+      end
     end
 
     def load_gemspec(file, validate = false)
@@ -582,7 +526,7 @@ EOF
       @gemspec_cache[key] ||= load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate)
       # Protect against caching side-effected gemspecs by returning a
       # new instance each time.
-      @gemspec_cache[key].dup if @gemspec_cache[key]
+      @gemspec_cache[key]&.dup
     end
 
     def load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate = false)
@@ -609,7 +553,7 @@ EOF
 
     def git_present?
       return @git_present if defined?(@git_present)
-      @git_present = Bundler.which("git") || Bundler.which("git.exe")
+      @git_present = Bundler.which("git#{RbConfig::CONFIG["EXEEXT"]}")
     end
 
     def feature_flag
@@ -631,7 +575,7 @@ EOF
       @bin_path = nil
       @bundler_major_version = nil
       @bundle_path = nil
-      @configured = nil
+      @configure = nil
       @configured_bundle_path = nil
       @definition = nil
       @load = nil
@@ -664,6 +608,12 @@ EOF
 
     private
 
+    def load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: nil)
+      Marshal.load(data, marshal_proc)
+    rescue TypeError => e
+      raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
+    end
+
     def eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents)
       Kernel.require "psych"
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/build_metadata.rb b/lib/bundler/build_metadata.rb
index 8bffb2fae7..5d2a8b53bb 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/build_metadata.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/build_metadata.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module Bundler
       # commit instance variable then we can't determine its commits SHA.
       git_dir = File.expand_path("../../../.git", __dir__)
       if File.directory?(git_dir)
-        return @git_commit_sha = Dir.chdir(git_dir) { `git rev-parse --short HEAD`.strip.freeze }
+        return @git_commit_sha = IO.popen(%w[git rev-parse --short HEAD], { chdir: git_dir }, &:read).strip.freeze
       end
 
       @git_commit_sha ||= "unknown"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/bundler.gemspec b/lib/bundler/bundler.gemspec
index 38c533b0c1..2d6269fae1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/bundler.gemspec
+++ b/lib/bundler/bundler.gemspec
@@ -22,24 +22,24 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.summary     = "The best way to manage your application's dependencies"
   s.description = "Bundler manages an application's dependencies through its entire life, across many machines, systematically and repeatably"
 
-  if s.respond_to?(:metadata=)
-    s.metadata = {
-      "bug_tracker_uri" => "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ABundler",
-      "changelog_uri" => "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/blob/master/bundler/CHANGELOG.md",
-      "homepage_uri" => "https://bundler.io/",
-      "source_code_uri" => "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/",
-    }
-  end
-
-  s.required_ruby_version     = ">= 2.3.0"
-  s.required_rubygems_version = ">= 2.5.2"
+  s.metadata = {
+    "bug_tracker_uri" => "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ABundler",
+    "changelog_uri" => "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/blob/master/bundler/CHANGELOG.md",
+    "homepage_uri" => "https://bundler.io/",
+    "source_code_uri" => "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/tree/master/bundler",
+  }
+
+  s.required_ruby_version     = ">= 3.0.0"
+
+  # It should match the RubyGems version shipped with `required_ruby_version` above
+  s.required_rubygems_version = ">= 3.2.3"
 
   s.files = Dir.glob("lib/bundler{.rb,/**/*}", File::FNM_DOTMATCH).reject {|f| File.directory?(f) }
 
   # include the gemspec itself because warbler breaks w/o it
   s.files += %w[lib/bundler/bundler.gemspec]
 
-  s.bindir        = "libexec"
+  s.bindir        = "exe"
   s.executables   = %w[bundle bundler]
   s.require_paths = ["lib"]
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/capistrano.rb b/lib/bundler/capistrano.rb
index 1f3712d48e..705840143f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/capistrano.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/capistrano.rb
@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ end
 
 Capistrano::Configuration.instance(:must_exist).load do
   before "deploy:finalize_update", "bundle:install"
-  Bundler::Deployment.define_task(self, :task, :except => { :no_release => true })
+  Bundler::Deployment.define_task(self, :task, except: { no_release: true })
   set :rake, lambda { "#{fetch(:bundle_cmd, "bundle")} exec rake" }
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/checksum.rb b/lib/bundler/checksum.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60ba93417c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/checksum.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  class Checksum
+    ALGO_SEPARATOR = "="
+    DEFAULT_ALGORITHM = "sha256"
+    private_constant :DEFAULT_ALGORITHM
+    DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE = 16_384
+    private_constant :DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE
+
+    class << self
+      def from_gem_package(gem_package, algo = DEFAULT_ALGORITHM)
+        return if Bundler.settings[:disable_checksum_validation]
+        return unless source = gem_package.instance_variable_get(:@gem)
+        return unless source.respond_to?(:with_read_io)
+
+        source.with_read_io do |io|
+          from_gem(io, source.path)
+        ensure
+          io.rewind
+        end
+      end
+
+      def from_gem(io, pathname, algo = DEFAULT_ALGORITHM)
+        digest = Bundler::SharedHelpers.digest(algo.upcase).new
+        buf = String.new(capacity: DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE)
+        digest << io.readpartial(DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE, buf) until io.eof?
+        Checksum.new(algo, digest.hexdigest!, Source.new(:gem, pathname))
+      end
+
+      def from_api(digest, source_uri, algo = DEFAULT_ALGORITHM)
+        return if Bundler.settings[:disable_checksum_validation]
+
+        Checksum.new(algo, to_hexdigest(digest, algo), Source.new(:api, source_uri))
+      end
+
+      def from_lock(lock_checksum, lockfile_location)
+        algo, digest = lock_checksum.strip.split(ALGO_SEPARATOR, 2)
+        Checksum.new(algo, to_hexdigest(digest, algo), Source.new(:lock, lockfile_location))
+      end
+
+      def to_hexdigest(digest, algo = DEFAULT_ALGORITHM)
+        return digest unless algo == DEFAULT_ALGORITHM
+        return digest if digest.match?(/\A[0-9a-f]{64}\z/i)
+
+        if digest.match?(%r{\A[-0-9a-z_+/]{43}={0,2}\z}i)
+          digest = digest.tr("-_", "+/") # fix urlsafe base64
+          digest.unpack1("m0").unpack1("H*")
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "#{digest.inspect} is not a valid SHA256 hex or base64 digest"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :algo, :digest, :sources
+
+    def initialize(algo, digest, source)
+      @algo = algo
+      @digest = digest
+      @sources = [source]
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      match?(other) && other.sources == sources
+    end
+
+    alias_method :eql?, :==
+
+    def same_source?(other)
+      sources.include?(other.sources.first)
+    end
+
+    def match?(other)
+      other.is_a?(self.class) && other.digest == digest && other.algo == algo
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      digest.hash
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      "#{to_lock} (from #{sources.first}#{", ..." if sources.size > 1})"
+    end
+
+    def to_lock
+      "#{algo}#{ALGO_SEPARATOR}#{digest}"
+    end
+
+    def merge!(other)
+      return nil unless match?(other)
+
+      @sources.concat(other.sources).uniq!
+      self
+    end
+
+    def formatted_sources
+      sources.join("\n    and ").concat("\n")
+    end
+
+    def removable?
+      sources.all?(&:removable?)
+    end
+
+    def removal_instructions
+      msg = +""
+      i = 1
+      sources.each do |source|
+        msg << "  #{i}. #{source.removal}\n"
+        i += 1
+      end
+      msg << "  #{i}. run `bundle install`\n"
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      abbr = "#{algo}#{ALGO_SEPARATOR}#{digest[0, 8]}"
+      from = "from #{sources.join(" and ")}"
+      "#<#{self.class}:#{object_id} #{abbr} #{from}>"
+    end
+
+    class Source
+      attr_reader :type, :location
+
+      def initialize(type, location)
+        @type = type
+        @location = location
+      end
+
+      def removable?
+        type == :lock || type == :gem
+      end
+
+      def ==(other)
+        other.is_a?(self.class) && other.type == type && other.location == location
+      end
+
+      # phrased so that the usual string format is grammatically correct
+      #   rake (10.3.2) sha256=abc123 from #{to_s}
+      def to_s
+        case type
+        when :lock
+          "the lockfile CHECKSUMS at #{location}"
+        when :gem
+          "the gem at #{location}"
+        when :api
+          "the API at #{location}"
+        else
+          "#{location} (#{type})"
+        end
+      end
+
+      # A full sentence describing how to remove the checksum
+      def removal
+        case type
+        when :lock
+          "remove the matching checksum in #{location}"
+        when :gem
+          "remove the gem at #{location}"
+        when :api
+          "checksums from #{location} cannot be locally modified, you may need to update your sources"
+        else
+          "remove #{location} (#{type})"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Store
+      attr_reader :store
+      protected :store
+
+      def initialize
+        @store = {}
+        @store_mutex = Mutex.new
+      end
+
+      def inspect
+        "#<#{self.class}:#{object_id} size=#{store.size}>"
+      end
+
+      # Replace when the new checksum is from the same source.
+      # The primary purpose is registering checksums from gems where there are
+      # duplicates of the same gem (according to full_name) in the index.
+      #
+      # In particular, this is when 2 gems have two similar platforms, e.g.
+      # "darwin20" and "darwin-20", both of which resolve to darwin-20.
+      # In the Index, the later gem replaces the former, so we do that here.
+      #
+      # However, if the new checksum is from a different source, we register like normal.
+      # This ensures a mismatch error where there are multiple top level sources
+      # that contain the same gem with different checksums.
+      def replace(spec, checksum)
+        return unless checksum
+
+        lock_name = spec.name_tuple.lock_name
+        @store_mutex.synchronize do
+          existing = fetch_checksum(lock_name, checksum.algo)
+          if !existing || existing.same_source?(checksum)
+            store_checksum(lock_name, checksum)
+          else
+            merge_checksum(lock_name, checksum, existing)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def register(spec, checksum)
+        return unless checksum
+
+        register_checksum(spec.name_tuple.lock_name, checksum)
+      end
+
+      def merge!(other)
+        other.store.each do |lock_name, checksums|
+          checksums.each do |_algo, checksum|
+            register_checksum(lock_name, checksum)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def to_lock(spec)
+        lock_name = spec.name_tuple.lock_name
+        checksums = @store[lock_name]
+        if checksums
+          "#{lock_name} #{checksums.values.map(&:to_lock).sort.join(",")}"
+        else
+          lock_name
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def register_checksum(lock_name, checksum)
+        @store_mutex.synchronize do
+          existing = fetch_checksum(lock_name, checksum.algo)
+          if existing
+            merge_checksum(lock_name, checksum, existing)
+          else
+            store_checksum(lock_name, checksum)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def merge_checksum(lock_name, checksum, existing)
+        existing.merge!(checksum) || raise(ChecksumMismatchError.new(lock_name, existing, checksum))
+      end
+
+      def store_checksum(lock_name, checksum)
+        (@store[lock_name] ||= {})[checksum.algo] = checksum
+      end
+
+      def fetch_checksum(lock_name, algo)
+        @store[lock_name]&.fetch(algo, nil)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/ci_detector.rb b/lib/bundler/ci_detector.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5fedbdea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/ci_detector.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  module CIDetector
+    # NOTE: Any changes made here will need to be made to both lib/rubygems/ci_detector.rb and
+    # bundler/lib/bundler/ci_detector.rb (which are enforced duplicates).
+    # TODO: Drop that duplication once bundler drops support for RubyGems 3.4
+    #
+    # ## Recognized CI providers, their signifiers, and the relevant docs ##
+    #
+    # Travis CI   - CI, TRAVIS            https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#default-environment-variables
+    # Cirrus CI   - CI, CIRRUS_CI         https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#environment-variables
+    # Circle CI   - CI, CIRCLECI          https://circleci.com/docs/variables/#built-in-environment-variables
+    # Gitlab CI   - CI, GITLAB_CI         https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/
+    # AppVeyor    - CI, APPVEYOR          https://www.appveyor.com/docs/environment-variables/
+    # CodeShip    - CI_NAME               https://docs.cloudbees.com/docs/cloudbees-codeship/latest/pro-builds-and-configuration/environment-variables#_default_environment_variables
+    # dsari       - CI, DSARI             https://github.com/rfinnie/dsari#running
+    # Jenkins     - BUILD_NUMBER          https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/jenkinsfile/#using-environment-variables
+    # TeamCity    - TEAMCITY_VERSION      https://www.jetbrains.com/help/teamcity/predefined-build-parameters.html#Predefined+Server+Build+Parameters
+    # Appflow     - CI_BUILD_ID           https://ionic.io/docs/appflow/automation/environments#predefined-environments
+    # TaskCluster - TASKCLUSTER_ROOT_URL  https://docs.taskcluster.net/docs/manual/design/env-vars
+    # Semaphore   - CI, SEMAPHORE         https://docs.semaphoreci.com/ci-cd-environment/environment-variables/
+    # BuildKite   - CI, BUILDKITE         https://buildkite.com/docs/pipelines/environment-variables
+    # GoCD        - GO_SERVER_URL         https://docs.gocd.org/current/faq/dev_use_current_revision_in_build.html
+    # GH Actions  - CI, GITHUB_ACTIONS    https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/variables#default-environment-variables
+    #
+    # ### Some "standard" ENVs that multiple providers may set ###
+    #
+    # * CI - this is set by _most_ (but not all) CI providers now; it's approaching a standard.
+    # * CI_NAME - Not as frequently used, but some providers set this to specify their own name
+
+    # Any of these being set is a reasonably reliable indicator that we are
+    # executing in a CI environment.
+    ENV_INDICATORS = [
+      "CI",
+      "CI_NAME",
+      "CONTINUOUS_INTEGRATION",
+      "BUILD_NUMBER",
+      "CI_APP_ID",
+      "CI_BUILD_ID",
+      "CI_BUILD_NUMBER",
+      "RUN_ID",
+      "TASKCLUSTER_ROOT_URL",
+    ].freeze
+
+    # For each CI, this env suffices to indicate that we're on _that_ CI's
+    # containers. (A few of them only supply a CI_NAME variable, which is also
+    # nice). And if they set "CI" but we can't tell which one they are, we also
+    # want to know that - a bare "ci" without another token tells us as much.
+    ENV_DESCRIPTORS = {
+      "TRAVIS" => "travis",
+      "CIRCLECI" => "circle",
+      "CIRRUS_CI" => "cirrus",
+      "DSARI" => "dsari",
+      "SEMAPHORE" => "semaphore",
+      "JENKINS_URL" => "jenkins",
+      "BUILDKITE" => "buildkite",
+      "GO_SERVER_URL" => "go",
+      "GITLAB_CI" => "gitlab",
+      "GITHUB_ACTIONS" => "github",
+      "TASKCLUSTER_ROOT_URL" => "taskcluster",
+      "CI" => "ci",
+    }.freeze
+
+    def self.ci?
+      ENV_INDICATORS.any? {|var| ENV.include?(var) }
+    end
+
+    def self.ci_strings
+      matching_names = ENV_DESCRIPTORS.select {|env, _| ENV[env] }.values
+      matching_names << ENV["CI_NAME"].downcase if ENV["CI_NAME"]
+      matching_names.reject(&:empty?).sort.uniq
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli.rb b/lib/bundler/cli.rb
index 5bf0f4fa3a..3640536762 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli.rb
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     AUTO_INSTALL_CMDS = %w[show binstubs outdated exec open console licenses clean].freeze
     PARSEABLE_COMMANDS = %w[check config help exec platform show version].freeze
+    EXTENSIONS = ["c", "rust"].freeze
 
     COMMAND_ALIASES = {
       "check" => "c",
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@ module Bundler
     }.freeze
 
     def self.start(*)
+      check_deprecated_ext_option(ARGV) if ARGV.include?("--ext")
+
       super
     ensure
       Bundler::SharedHelpers.print_major_deprecations!
@@ -77,10 +80,10 @@ module Bundler
       unprinted_warnings.each {|w| Bundler.ui.warn(w) }
     end
 
-    check_unknown_options!(:except => [:config, :exec])
+    check_unknown_options!(except: [:config, :exec])
     stop_on_unknown_option! :exec
 
-    desc "cli_help", "Prints a summary of bundler commands", :hide => true
+    desc "cli_help", "Prints a summary of bundler commands", hide: true
     def cli_help
       version
       Bundler.ui.info "\n"
@@ -96,19 +99,19 @@ module Bundler
       shell.say "Bundler commands:\n\n"
 
       shell.say "  Primary commands:\n"
-      shell.print_table(primary_commands, :indent => 4, :truncate => true)
+      shell.print_table(primary_commands, indent: 4, truncate: true)
       shell.say
       shell.say "  Utilities:\n"
-      shell.print_table(utilities, :indent => 4, :truncate => true)
+      shell.print_table(utilities, indent: 4, truncate: true)
       shell.say
       self.class.send(:class_options_help, shell)
     end
     default_task(Bundler.feature_flag.default_cli_command)
 
-    class_option "no-color", :type => :boolean, :desc => "Disable colorization in output"
-    class_option "retry",    :type => :numeric, :aliases => "-r", :banner => "NUM",
-                             :desc => "Specify the number of times you wish to attempt network commands"
-    class_option "verbose", :type => :boolean, :desc => "Enable verbose output mode", :aliases => "-V"
+    class_option "no-color", type: :boolean, desc: "Disable colorization in output"
+    class_option "retry",    type: :numeric, aliases: "-r", banner: "NUM",
+                             desc: "Specify the number of times you wish to attempt network commands"
+    class_option "verbose", type: :boolean, desc: "Enable verbose output mode", aliases: "-V"
 
     def help(cli = nil)
       case cli
@@ -124,8 +127,8 @@ module Bundler
 
       if man_pages.include?(command)
         man_page = man_pages[command]
-        if Bundler.which("man") && man_path !~ %r{^file:/.+!/META-INF/jruby.home/.+}
-          Kernel.exec "man #{man_page}"
+        if Bundler.which("man") && !man_path.match?(%r{^file:/.+!/META-INF/jruby.home/.+})
+          Kernel.exec("man", man_page)
         else
           puts File.read("#{man_path}/#{File.basename(man_page)}.ronn")
         end
@@ -152,7 +155,8 @@ module Bundler
       Gemfile to a gem with a gemspec, the --gemspec option will automatically add each
       dependency listed in the gemspec file to the newly created Gemfile.
     D
-    method_option "gemspec", :type => :string, :banner => "Use the specified .gemspec to create the Gemfile"
+    method_option "gemspec", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified .gemspec to create the Gemfile"
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified name for the gemfile instead of 'Gemfile'"
     def init
       require_relative "cli/init"
       Init.new(options.dup).run
@@ -164,12 +168,9 @@ module Bundler
       all gems are found, Bundler prints a success message and exits with a status of 0.
       If not, the first missing gem is listed and Bundler exits status 1.
     D
-    method_option "dry-run", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "Lock the Gemfile"
-    method_option "gemfile", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
-    method_option "path", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Specify a different path than the system default ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME).#{" Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine" unless Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?}"
+    method_option "dry-run", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "Lock the Gemfile"
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
+    method_option "path", type: :string, banner: "Specify a different path than the system default ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME).#{" Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine" unless Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?}"
     def check
       remembered_flag_deprecation("path")
 
@@ -183,10 +184,14 @@ module Bundler
     long_desc <<-D
       Removes the given gems from the Gemfile while ensuring that the resulting Gemfile is still valid. If the gem is not found, Bundler prints a error message and if gem could not be removed due to any reason Bundler will display a warning.
     D
-    method_option "install", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Runs 'bundle install' after removing the gems from the Gemfile"
+    method_option "install", type: :boolean, banner: "Runs 'bundle install' after removing the gems from the Gemfile"
     def remove(*gems)
-      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, "The `--install` flag has been deprecated. `bundle install` is triggered by default.") if ARGV.include?("--install")
+      if ARGV.include?("--install")
+        message = "The `--install` flag has been deprecated. `bundle install` is triggered by default."
+        removed_message = "The `--install` flag has been removed. `bundle install` is triggered by default."
+        SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message)
+      end
+
       require_relative "cli/remove"
       Remove.new(gems, options).run
     end
@@ -202,58 +207,40 @@ module Bundler
 
       If the bundle has already been installed, bundler will tell you so and then exit.
     D
-    method_option "binstubs", :type => :string, :lazy_default => "bin", :banner =>
-      "Generate bin stubs for bundled gems to ./bin"
-    method_option "clean", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Run bundle clean automatically after install"
-    method_option "deployment", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Install using defaults tuned for deployment environments"
-    method_option "frozen", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Do not allow the Gemfile.lock to be updated after this install"
-    method_option "full-index", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Fall back to using the single-file index of all gems"
-    method_option "gemfile", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
-    method_option "jobs", :aliases => "-j", :type => :numeric, :banner =>
-      "Specify the number of jobs to run in parallel"
-    method_option "local", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead"
-    method_option "prefer-local", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Only attempt to fetch gems remotely if not present locally, even if newer versions are available remotely"
-    method_option "no-cache", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Don't update the existing gem cache."
-    method_option "redownload", :type => :boolean, :aliases => "--force", :banner =>
-      "Force downloading every gem."
-    method_option "no-prune", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Don't remove stale gems from the cache."
-    method_option "path", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Specify a different path than the system default ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME).#{" Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine" unless Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?}"
-    method_option "quiet", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Only output warnings and errors."
-    method_option "shebang", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Specify a different shebang executable name than the default (usually 'ruby')"
-    method_option "standalone", :type => :array, :lazy_default => [], :banner =>
-      "Make a bundle that can work without the Bundler runtime"
-    method_option "system", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Install to the system location ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME) even if the bundle was previously installed somewhere else for this application"
-    method_option "trust-policy", :alias => "P", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Gem trust policy (like gem install -P). Must be one of " +
-      Bundler.rubygems.security_policy_keys.join("|")
-    method_option "without", :type => :array, :banner =>
-      "Exclude gems that are part of the specified named group."
-    method_option "with", :type => :array, :banner =>
-      "Include gems that are part of the specified named group."
+    method_option "binstubs", type: :string, lazy_default: "bin", banner: "Generate bin stubs for bundled gems to ./bin"
+    method_option "clean", type: :boolean, banner: "Run bundle clean automatically after install"
+    method_option "deployment", type: :boolean, banner: "Install using defaults tuned for deployment environments"
+    method_option "frozen", type: :boolean, banner: "Do not allow the Gemfile.lock to be updated after this install"
+    method_option "full-index", type: :boolean, banner: "Fall back to using the single-file index of all gems"
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
+    method_option "jobs", aliases: "-j", type: :numeric, banner: "Specify the number of jobs to run in parallel"
+    method_option "local", type: :boolean, banner:       "Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead"
+    method_option "prefer-local", type: :boolean, banner: "Only attempt to fetch gems remotely if not present locally, even if newer versions are available remotely"
+    method_option "no-cache", type: :boolean, banner: "Don't update the existing gem cache."
+    method_option "redownload", type: :boolean, aliases: "--force", banner: "Force downloading every gem."
+    method_option "no-prune", type: :boolean, banner: "Don't remove stale gems from the cache."
+    method_option "path", type: :string, banner: "Specify a different path than the system default ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME).#{" Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine" unless Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?}"
+    method_option "quiet", type: :boolean, banner: "Only output warnings and errors."
+    method_option "shebang", type: :string, banner: "Specify a different shebang executable name than the default (usually 'ruby')"
+    method_option "standalone", type: :array, lazy_default: [], banner: "Make a bundle that can work without the Bundler runtime"
+    method_option "system", type: :boolean, banner: "Install to the system location ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME) even if the bundle was previously installed somewhere else for this application"
+    method_option "trust-policy", alias: "P", type: :string, banner:       "Gem trust policy (like gem install -P). Must be one of " +
+                                                                           Bundler.rubygems.security_policy_keys.join("|")
+    method_option "without", type: :array, banner: "Exclude gems that are part of the specified named group."
+    method_option "with", type: :array, banner: "Include gems that are part of the specified named group."
     def install
       SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, "The `--force` option has been renamed to `--redownload`") if ARGV.include?("--force")
 
-      %w[clean deployment frozen no-prune path shebang system without with].each do |option|
+      %w[clean deployment frozen no-prune path shebang without with].each do |option|
         remembered_flag_deprecation(option)
       end
 
+      print_remembered_flag_deprecation("--system", "path.system", "true") if ARGV.include?("--system")
+
       remembered_negative_flag_deprecation("no-deployment")
 
       require_relative "cli/install"
-      Bundler.settings.temporary(:no_install => false) do
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(no_install: false) do
         Install.new(options.dup).run
       end
     end
@@ -266,42 +253,27 @@ module Bundler
       update when you have changed the Gemfile, or if you want to get the newest
       possible versions of the gems in the bundle.
     D
-    method_option "full-index", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Fall back to using the single-file index of all gems"
-    method_option "gemfile", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
-    method_option "group", :aliases => "-g", :type => :array, :banner =>
-      "Update a specific group"
-    method_option "jobs", :aliases => "-j", :type => :numeric, :banner =>
-      "Specify the number of jobs to run in parallel"
-    method_option "local", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead"
-    method_option "quiet", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Only output warnings and errors."
-    method_option "source", :type => :array, :banner =>
-      "Update a specific source (and all gems associated with it)"
-    method_option "redownload", :type => :boolean, :aliases => "--force", :banner =>
-      "Force downloading every gem."
-    method_option "ruby", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Update ruby specified in Gemfile.lock"
-    method_option "bundler", :type => :string, :lazy_default => "> 0.a", :banner =>
-      "Update the locked version of bundler"
-    method_option "patch", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Prefer updating only to next patch version"
-    method_option "minor", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Prefer updating only to next minor version"
-    method_option "major", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Prefer updating to next major version (default)"
-    method_option "strict", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Do not allow any gem to be updated past latest --patch | --minor | --major"
-    method_option "conservative", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated."
-    method_option "all", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Update everything."
+    method_option "full-index", type: :boolean, banner: "Fall back to using the single-file index of all gems"
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
+    method_option "group", aliases: "-g", type: :array, banner: "Update a specific group"
+    method_option "jobs", aliases: "-j", type: :numeric, banner: "Specify the number of jobs to run in parallel"
+    method_option "local", type: :boolean, banner:       "Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead"
+    method_option "quiet", type: :boolean, banner:       "Only output warnings and errors."
+    method_option "source", type: :array, banner: "Update a specific source (and all gems associated with it)"
+    method_option "redownload", type: :boolean, aliases: "--force", banner: "Force downloading every gem."
+    method_option "ruby", type: :boolean, banner: "Update ruby specified in Gemfile.lock"
+    method_option "bundler", type: :string, lazy_default: "> 0.a", banner: "Update the locked version of bundler"
+    method_option "patch", type: :boolean, banner:       "Prefer updating only to next patch version"
+    method_option "minor", type: :boolean, banner:       "Prefer updating only to next minor version"
+    method_option "major", type: :boolean, banner:       "Prefer updating to next major version (default)"
+    method_option "pre", type: :boolean, banner: "Always choose the highest allowed version when updating gems, regardless of prerelease status"
+    method_option "strict", type: :boolean, banner: "Do not allow any gem to be updated past latest --patch | --minor | --major"
+    method_option "conservative", type: :boolean, banner: "Use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated."
+    method_option "all", type: :boolean, banner: "Update everything."
     def update(*gems)
       SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, "The `--force` option has been renamed to `--redownload`") if ARGV.include?("--force")
       require_relative "cli/update"
-      Bundler.settings.temporary(:no_install => false) do
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(no_install: false) do
         Update.new(options, gems).run
       end
     end
@@ -311,21 +283,25 @@ module Bundler
       Show lists the names and versions of all gems that are required by your Gemfile.
       Calling show with [GEM] will list the exact location of that gem on your machine.
     D
-    method_option "paths", :type => :boolean,
-                           :banner => "List the paths of all gems that are required by your Gemfile."
-    method_option "outdated", :type => :boolean,
-                              :banner => "Show verbose output including whether gems are outdated."
+    method_option "paths", type: :boolean,
+                           banner: "List the paths of all gems that are required by your Gemfile."
+    method_option "outdated", type: :boolean,
+                              banner: "Show verbose output including whether gems are outdated."
     def show(gem_name = nil)
-      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, "the `--outdated` flag to `bundle show` was undocumented and will be removed without replacement") if ARGV.include?("--outdated")
+      if ARGV.include?("--outdated")
+        message = "the `--outdated` flag to `bundle show` was undocumented and will be removed without replacement"
+        removed_message = "the `--outdated` flag to `bundle show` was undocumented and has been removed without replacement"
+        SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message)
+      end
       require_relative "cli/show"
       Show.new(options, gem_name).run
     end
 
     desc "list", "List all gems in the bundle"
-    method_option "name-only", :type => :boolean, :banner => "print only the gem names"
-    method_option "only-group", :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "print gems from a given set of groups"
-    method_option "without-group", :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "print all gems except from a given set of groups"
-    method_option "paths", :type => :boolean, :banner => "print the path to each gem in the bundle"
+    method_option "name-only", type: :boolean, banner: "print only the gem names"
+    method_option "only-group", type: :array, default: [], banner: "print gems from a given set of groups"
+    method_option "without-group", type: :array, default: [], banner: "print all gems except from a given set of groups"
+    method_option "paths", type: :boolean, banner: "print the path to each gem in the bundle"
     def list
       require_relative "cli/list"
       List.new(options).run
@@ -334,8 +310,8 @@ module Bundler
     map aliases_for("list")
 
     desc "info GEM [OPTIONS]", "Show information for the given gem"
-    method_option "path", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Print full path to gem"
-    method_option "version", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Print gem version"
+    method_option "path", type: :boolean, banner: "Print full path to gem"
+    method_option "version", type: :boolean, banner: "Print gem version"
     def info(gem_name)
       require_relative "cli/info"
       Info.new(options, gem_name).run
@@ -347,18 +323,12 @@ module Bundler
       or the --binstubs directory if one has been set. Calling binstubs with [GEM [GEM]]
       will create binstubs for all given gems.
     D
-    method_option "force", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "Overwrite existing binstubs if they exist"
-    method_option "path", :type => :string, :lazy_default => "bin", :banner =>
-      "Binstub destination directory (default bin)"
-    method_option "shebang", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Specify a different shebang executable name than the default (usually 'ruby')"
-    method_option "standalone", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Make binstubs that can work without the Bundler runtime"
-    method_option "all", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Install binstubs for all gems"
-    method_option "all-platforms", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "Install binstubs for all platforms"
+    method_option "force", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "Overwrite existing binstubs if they exist"
+    method_option "path", type: :string, lazy_default: "bin", banner: "Binstub destination directory (default bin)"
+    method_option "shebang", type: :string, banner: "Specify a different shebang executable name than the default (usually 'ruby')"
+    method_option "standalone", type: :boolean, banner: "Make binstubs that can work without the Bundler runtime"
+    method_option "all", type: :boolean, banner: "Install binstubs for all gems"
+    method_option "all-platforms", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "Install binstubs for all platforms"
     def binstubs(*gems)
       require_relative "cli/binstubs"
       Binstubs.new(options, gems).run
@@ -368,18 +338,18 @@ module Bundler
     long_desc <<-D
       Adds the specified gem to Gemfile (if valid) and run 'bundle install' in one step.
     D
-    method_option "version", :aliases => "-v", :type => :string
-    method_option "group", :aliases => "-g", :type => :string
-    method_option "source", :aliases => "-s", :type => :string
-    method_option "require", :aliases => "-r", :type => :string, :banner => "Adds require path to gem. Provide false, or a path as a string."
-    method_option "git", :type => :string
-    method_option "github", :type => :string
-    method_option "branch", :type => :string
-    method_option "ref", :type => :string
-    method_option "skip-install", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Adds gem to the Gemfile but does not install it"
-    method_option "optimistic", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Adds optimistic declaration of version to gem"
-    method_option "strict", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Adds strict declaration of version to gem"
+    method_option "version", aliases: "-v", type: :string
+    method_option "group", aliases: "-g", type: :string
+    method_option "source", aliases: "-s", type: :string
+    method_option "require", aliases: "-r", type: :string, banner: "Adds require path to gem. Provide false, or a path as a string."
+    method_option "path", type: :string
+    method_option "git", type: :string
+    method_option "github", type: :string
+    method_option "branch", type: :string
+    method_option "ref", type: :string
+    method_option "skip-install", type: :boolean, banner: "Adds gem to the Gemfile but does not install it"
+    method_option "optimistic", type: :boolean, banner: "Adds optimistic declaration of version to gem"
+    method_option "strict", type: :boolean, banner: "Adds strict declaration of version to gem"
     def add(*gems)
       require_relative "cli/add"
       Add.new(options.dup, gems).run
@@ -395,54 +365,45 @@ module Bundler
       For more information on patch level options (--major, --minor, --patch,
       --strict) see documentation on the same options on the update command.
     D
-    method_option "group", :type => :string, :banner => "List gems from a specific group"
-    method_option "groups", :type => :boolean, :banner => "List gems organized by groups"
-    method_option "local", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead"
-    method_option "pre", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Check for newer pre-release gems"
-    method_option "source", :type => :array, :banner => "Check against a specific source"
-    method_option "filter-strict", :type => :boolean, :aliases => "--strict", :banner =>
-      "Only list newer versions allowed by your Gemfile requirements"
-    method_option "update-strict", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Strict conservative resolution, do not allow any gem to be updated past latest --patch | --minor | --major"
-    method_option "minor", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Prefer updating only to next minor version"
-    method_option "major", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Prefer updating to next major version (default)"
-    method_option "patch", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Prefer updating only to next patch version"
-    method_option "filter-major", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Only list major newer versions"
-    method_option "filter-minor", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Only list minor newer versions"
-    method_option "filter-patch", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Only list patch newer versions"
-    method_option "parseable", :aliases => "--porcelain", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Use minimal formatting for more parseable output"
-    method_option "only-explicit", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Only list gems specified in your Gemfile, not their dependencies"
+    method_option "group", type: :string, banner: "List gems from a specific group"
+    method_option "groups", type: :boolean, banner: "List gems organized by groups"
+    method_option "local", type: :boolean, banner: "Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead"
+    method_option "pre", type: :boolean, banner: "Check for newer pre-release gems"
+    method_option "source", type: :array, banner: "Check against a specific source"
+    method_option "filter-strict", type: :boolean, aliases: "--strict", banner: "Only list newer versions allowed by your Gemfile requirements"
+    method_option "update-strict", type: :boolean, banner: "Strict conservative resolution, do not allow any gem to be updated past latest --patch | --minor | --major"
+    method_option "minor", type: :boolean, banner: "Prefer updating only to next minor version"
+    method_option "major", type: :boolean, banner: "Prefer updating to next major version (default)"
+    method_option "patch", type: :boolean, banner: "Prefer updating only to next patch version"
+    method_option "filter-major", type: :boolean, banner: "Only list major newer versions"
+    method_option "filter-minor", type: :boolean, banner: "Only list minor newer versions"
+    method_option "filter-patch", type: :boolean, banner: "Only list patch newer versions"
+    method_option "parseable", aliases: "--porcelain", type: :boolean, banner: "Use minimal formatting for more parseable output"
+    method_option "only-explicit", type: :boolean, banner: "Only list gems specified in your Gemfile, not their dependencies"
     def outdated(*gems)
       require_relative "cli/outdated"
       Outdated.new(options, gems).run
     end
 
     desc "fund [OPTIONS]", "Lists information about gems seeking funding assistance"
-    method_option "group", :aliases => "-g", :type => :array, :banner =>
-      "Fetch funding information for a specific group"
+    method_option "group", aliases: "-g", type: :array, banner: "Fetch funding information for a specific group"
     def fund
       require_relative "cli/fund"
       Fund.new(options).run
     end
 
     desc "cache [OPTIONS]", "Locks and then caches all of the gems into vendor/cache"
-    method_option "all",  :type => :boolean,
-                          :default => Bundler.feature_flag.cache_all?,
-                          :banner => "Include all sources (including path and git)."
-    method_option "all-platforms", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Include gems for all platforms present in the lockfile, not only the current one"
-    method_option "cache-path", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Specify a different cache path than the default (vendor/cache)."
-    method_option "gemfile", :type => :string, :banner => "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
-    method_option "no-install", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Don't install the gems, only update the cache."
-    method_option "no-prune", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Don't remove stale gems from the cache."
-    method_option "path", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Specify a different path than the system default ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME).#{" Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine" unless Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?}"
-    method_option "quiet", :type => :boolean, :banner => "Only output warnings and errors."
-    method_option "frozen", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "Do not allow the Gemfile.lock to be updated after this bundle cache operation's install"
+    method_option "all",  type: :boolean,
+                          default: Bundler.feature_flag.cache_all?,
+                          banner: "Include all sources (including path and git)."
+    method_option "all-platforms", type: :boolean, banner: "Include gems for all platforms present in the lockfile, not only the current one"
+    method_option "cache-path", type: :string, banner:       "Specify a different cache path than the default (vendor/cache)."
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
+    method_option "no-install", type: :boolean, banner: "Don't install the gems, only update the cache."
+    method_option "no-prune", type: :boolean, banner: "Don't remove stale gems from the cache."
+    method_option "path", type: :string, banner: "Specify a different path than the system default ($BUNDLE_PATH or $GEM_HOME).#{" Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine" unless Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?}"
+    method_option "quiet", type: :boolean, banner: "Only output warnings and errors."
+    method_option "frozen", type: :boolean, banner: "Do not allow the Gemfile.lock to be updated after this bundle cache operation's install"
     long_desc <<-D
       The cache command will copy the .gem files for every gem in the bundle into the
       directory ./vendor/cache. If you then check that directory into your source
@@ -450,17 +411,20 @@ module Bundler
       bundle without having to download any additional gems.
     D
     def cache
-      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
-        "The `--all` flag is deprecated because it relies on being " \
-        "remembered across bundler invocations, which bundler will no longer " \
-        "do in future versions. Instead please use `bundle config set cache_all true`, " \
-        "and stop using this flag" if ARGV.include?("--all")
-
-      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
-        "The `--path` flag is deprecated because its semantics are unclear. " \
-        "Use `bundle config cache_path` to configure the path of your cache of gems, " \
-        "and `bundle config path` to configure the path where your gems are installed, " \
-        "and stop using this flag" if ARGV.include?("--path")
+      print_remembered_flag_deprecation("--all", "cache_all", "true") if ARGV.include?("--all")
+
+      if ARGV.include?("--path")
+        message =
+          "The `--path` flag is deprecated because its semantics are unclear. " \
+          "Use `bundle config cache_path` to configure the path of your cache of gems, " \
+          "and `bundle config path` to configure the path where your gems are installed, " \
+          "and stop using this flag"
+        removed_message =
+          "The `--path` flag has been removed because its semantics were unclear. " \
+          "Use `bundle config cache_path` to configure the path of your cache of gems, " \
+          "and `bundle config path` to configure the path where your gems are installed."
+        SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, message, removed_message: removed_message
+      end
 
       require_relative "cli/cache"
       Cache.new(options).run
@@ -469,8 +433,8 @@ module Bundler
     map aliases_for("cache")
 
     desc "exec [OPTIONS]", "Run the command in context of the bundle"
-    method_option :keep_file_descriptors, :type => :boolean, :default => true
-    method_option :gemfile, :type => :string, :required => false
+    method_option :keep_file_descriptors, type: :boolean, default: true
+    method_option :gemfile, type: :string, required: false
     long_desc <<-D
       Exec runs a command, providing it access to the gems in the bundle. While using
       bundle exec you can require and call the bundled gems as if they were installed
@@ -478,7 +442,9 @@ module Bundler
     D
     def exec(*args)
       if ARGV.include?("--no-keep-file-descriptors")
-        SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, "The `--no-keep-file-descriptors` has been deprecated. `bundle exec` no longer mess with your file descriptors. Close them in the exec'd script if you need to")
+        message = "The `--no-keep-file-descriptors` has been deprecated. `bundle exec` no longer mess with your file descriptors. Close them in the exec'd script if you need to"
+        removed_message = "The `--no-keep-file-descriptors` has been removed. `bundle exec` no longer mess with your file descriptors. Close them in the exec'd script if you need to"
+        SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message)
       end
 
       require_relative "cli/exec"
@@ -503,6 +469,7 @@ module Bundler
     subcommand "config", Config
 
     desc "open GEM", "Opens the source directory of the given bundled gem"
+    method_option "path", type: :string, lazy_default: "", banner: "Open relative path of the gem source."
     def open(name)
       require_relative "cli/open"
       Open.new(options, name).run
@@ -516,7 +483,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    desc "version", "Prints the bundler's version information"
+    desc "version", "Prints Bundler version information"
     def version
       cli_help = current_command.name == "cli_help"
       if cli_help || ARGV.include?("version")
@@ -547,17 +514,17 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     unless Bundler.feature_flag.bundler_3_mode?
-      desc "viz [OPTIONS]", "Generates a visual dependency graph", :hide => true
+      desc "viz [OPTIONS]", "Generates a visual dependency graph", hide: true
       long_desc <<-D
         Viz generates a PNG file of the current Gemfile as a dependency graph.
         Viz requires the ruby-graphviz gem (and its dependencies).
         The associated gems must also be installed via 'bundle install'.
       D
-      method_option :file, :type => :string, :default => "gem_graph", :aliases => "-f", :desc => "The name to use for the generated file. see format option"
-      method_option :format, :type => :string, :default => "png", :aliases => "-F", :desc => "This is output format option. Supported format is png, jpg, svg, dot ..."
-      method_option :requirements, :type => :boolean, :default => false, :aliases => "-R", :desc => "Set to show the version of each required dependency."
-      method_option :version, :type => :boolean, :default => false, :aliases => "-v", :desc => "Set to show each gem version."
-      method_option :without, :type => :array, :default => [], :aliases => "-W", :banner => "GROUP[ GROUP...]", :desc => "Exclude gems that are part of the specified named group."
+      method_option :file, type: :string, default: "gem_graph", aliases: "-f", desc: "The name to use for the generated file. see format option"
+      method_option :format, type: :string, default: "png", aliases: "-F", desc: "This is output format option. Supported format is png, jpg, svg, dot ..."
+      method_option :requirements, type: :boolean, default: false, aliases: "-R", desc: "Set to show the version of each required dependency."
+      method_option :version, type: :boolean, default: false, aliases: "-v", desc: "Set to show each gem version."
+      method_option :without, type: :array, default: [], aliases: "-W", banner: "GROUP[ GROUP...]", desc: "Exclude gems that are part of the specified named group."
       def viz
         SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "The `viz` command has been renamed to `graph` and moved to a plugin. See https://github.com/rubygems/bundler-graph"
         require_relative "cli/viz"
@@ -568,23 +535,23 @@ module Bundler
     old_gem = instance_method(:gem)
 
     desc "gem NAME [OPTIONS]", "Creates a skeleton for creating a rubygem"
-    method_option :exe, :type => :boolean, :default => false, :aliases => ["--bin", "-b"], :desc => "Generate a binary executable for your library."
-    method_option :coc, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Generate a code of conduct file. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.coc true`."
-    method_option :edit, :type => :string, :aliases => "-e", :required => false, :banner => "EDITOR",
-                         :lazy_default => [ENV["BUNDLER_EDITOR"], ENV["VISUAL"], ENV["EDITOR"]].find {|e| !e.nil? && !e.empty? },
-                         :desc => "Open generated gemspec in the specified editor (defaults to $EDITOR or $BUNDLER_EDITOR)"
-    method_option :ext, :type => :boolean, :default => false, :desc => "Generate the boilerplate for C extension code"
-    method_option :git, :type => :boolean, :default => true, :desc => "Initialize a git repo inside your library."
-    method_option :mit, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Generate an MIT license file. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.mit true`."
-    method_option :rubocop, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Add rubocop to the generated Rakefile and gemspec. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.rubocop true`."
-    method_option :changelog, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Generate changelog file. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.changelog true`."
-    method_option :test, :type => :string, :lazy_default => Bundler.settings["gem.test"] || "", :aliases => "-t", :banner => "Use the specified test framework for your library",
-                         :desc => "Generate a test directory for your library, either rspec, minitest or test-unit. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.test (rspec|minitest|test-unit)`."
-    method_option :ci, :type => :string, :lazy_default => Bundler.settings["gem.ci"] || "",
-                       :desc => "Generate CI configuration, either GitHub Actions, Travis CI, GitLab CI or CircleCI. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.ci (github|travis|gitlab|circle)`"
-    method_option :linter, :type => :string, :lazy_default => Bundler.settings["gem.linter"] || "",
-                           :desc => "Add a linter and code formatter, either RuboCop or Standard. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.linter (rubocop|standard)`"
-    method_option :github_username, :type => :string, :default => Bundler.settings["gem.github_username"], :banner => "Set your username on GitHub", :desc => "Fill in GitHub username on README so that you don't have to do it manually. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.github_username <your_username>`."
+    method_option :exe, type: :boolean, default: false, aliases: ["--bin", "-b"], desc: "Generate a binary executable for your library."
+    method_option :coc, type: :boolean, desc: "Generate a code of conduct file. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.coc true`."
+    method_option :edit, type: :string, aliases: "-e", required: false, banner: "EDITOR",
+                         lazy_default: [ENV["BUNDLER_EDITOR"], ENV["VISUAL"], ENV["EDITOR"]].find {|e| !e.nil? && !e.empty? },
+                         desc: "Open generated gemspec in the specified editor (defaults to $EDITOR or $BUNDLER_EDITOR)"
+    method_option :ext, type: :string, desc: "Generate the boilerplate for C extension code.", enum: EXTENSIONS
+    method_option :git, type: :boolean, default: true, desc: "Initialize a git repo inside your library."
+    method_option :mit, type: :boolean, desc: "Generate an MIT license file. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.mit true`."
+    method_option :rubocop, type: :boolean, desc: "Add rubocop to the generated Rakefile and gemspec. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.rubocop true`."
+    method_option :changelog, type: :boolean, desc: "Generate changelog file. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.changelog true`."
+    method_option :test, type: :string, lazy_default: Bundler.settings["gem.test"] || "", aliases: "-t", banner: "Use the specified test framework for your library",
+                         desc: "Generate a test directory for your library, either rspec, minitest or test-unit. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.test (rspec|minitest|test-unit)`."
+    method_option :ci, type: :string, lazy_default: Bundler.settings["gem.ci"] || "",
+                       desc: "Generate CI configuration, either GitHub Actions, GitLab CI or CircleCI. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.ci (github|gitlab|circle)`"
+    method_option :linter, type: :string, lazy_default: Bundler.settings["gem.linter"] || "",
+                           desc: "Add a linter and code formatter, either RuboCop or Standard. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.linter (rubocop|standard)`"
+    method_option :github_username, type: :string, default: Bundler.settings["gem.github_username"], banner: "Set your username on GitHub", desc: "Fill in GitHub username on README so that you don't have to do it manually. Set a default with `bundle config set --global gem.github_username <your_username>`."
 
     def gem(name)
     end
@@ -615,29 +582,24 @@ module Bundler
       File.expand_path("templates", __dir__)
     end
 
-    desc "clean [OPTIONS]", "Cleans up unused gems in your bundler directory", :hide => true
-    method_option "dry-run", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "Only print out changes, do not clean gems"
-    method_option "force", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "Forces clean even if --path is not set"
+    desc "clean [OPTIONS]", "Cleans up unused gems in your bundler directory", hide: true
+    method_option "dry-run", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "Only print out changes, do not clean gems"
+    method_option "force", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "Forces cleaning up unused gems even if Bundler is configured to use globally installed gems. As a consequence, removes all system gems except for the ones in the current application."
     def clean
       require_relative "cli/clean"
       Clean.new(options.dup).run
     end
 
     desc "platform [OPTIONS]", "Displays platform compatibility information"
-    method_option "ruby", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "only display ruby related platform information"
+    method_option "ruby", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "only display ruby related platform information"
     def platform
       require_relative "cli/platform"
       Platform.new(options).run
     end
 
-    desc "inject GEM VERSION", "Add the named gem, with version requirements, to the resolved Gemfile", :hide => true
-    method_option "source", :type => :string, :banner =>
-     "Install gem from the given source"
-    method_option "group", :type => :string, :banner =>
-     "Install gem into a bundler group"
+    desc "inject GEM VERSION", "Add the named gem, with version requirements, to the resolved Gemfile", hide: true
+    method_option "source", type: :string, banner:      "Install gem from the given source"
+    method_option "group", type: :string, banner: "Install gem into a bundler group"
     def inject(name, version)
       SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "The `inject` command has been replaced by the `add` command"
       require_relative "cli/inject"
@@ -645,32 +607,21 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     desc "lock", "Creates a lockfile without installing"
-    method_option "update", :type => :array, :lazy_default => true, :banner =>
-      "ignore the existing lockfile, update all gems by default, or update list of given gems"
-    method_option "local", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "do not attempt to fetch remote gemspecs and use the local gem cache only"
-    method_option "print", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "print the lockfile to STDOUT instead of writing to the file system"
-    method_option "gemfile", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
-    method_option "lockfile", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "the path the lockfile should be written to"
-    method_option "full-index", :type => :boolean, :default => false, :banner =>
-      "Fall back to using the single-file index of all gems"
-    method_option "add-platform", :type => :array, :default => [], :banner =>
-      "Add a new platform to the lockfile"
-    method_option "remove-platform", :type => :array, :default => [], :banner =>
-      "Remove a platform from the lockfile"
-    method_option "patch", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "If updating, prefer updating only to next patch version"
-    method_option "minor", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "If updating, prefer updating only to next minor version"
-    method_option "major", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "If updating, prefer updating to next major version (default)"
-    method_option "strict", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "If updating, do not allow any gem to be updated past latest --patch | --minor | --major"
-    method_option "conservative", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-      "If updating, use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated"
+    method_option "update", type: :array, lazy_default: true, banner: "ignore the existing lockfile, update all gems by default, or update list of given gems"
+    method_option "local", type: :boolean, default: false, banner:       "do not attempt to fetch remote gemspecs and use the local gem cache only"
+    method_option "print", type: :boolean, default: false, banner:       "print the lockfile to STDOUT instead of writing to the file system"
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
+    method_option "lockfile", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "the path the lockfile should be written to"
+    method_option "full-index", type: :boolean, default: false, banner: "Fall back to using the single-file index of all gems"
+    method_option "add-platform", type: :array, default: [], banner: "Add a new platform to the lockfile"
+    method_option "remove-platform", type: :array, default: [], banner:       "Remove a platform from the lockfile"
+    method_option "patch", type: :boolean, banner:       "If updating, prefer updating only to next patch version"
+    method_option "minor", type: :boolean, banner:       "If updating, prefer updating only to next minor version"
+    method_option "major", type: :boolean, banner:       "If updating, prefer updating to next major version (default)"
+    method_option "pre", type: :boolean, banner: "If updating, always choose the highest allowed version, regardless of prerelease status"
+    method_option "strict", type: :boolean, banner: "If updating, do not allow any gem to be updated past latest --patch | --minor | --major"
+    method_option "conservative", type: :boolean, banner: "If updating, use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated"
+    method_option "bundler", type: :string, lazy_default: "> 0.a", banner: "Update the locked version of bundler"
     def lock
       require_relative "cli/lock"
       Lock.new(options).run
@@ -687,10 +638,8 @@ module Bundler
       missing dependencies are detected, Bundler prints them and exits status 1.
       Otherwise, Bundler prints a success message and exits with a status of 0.
     D
-    method_option "gemfile", :type => :string, :banner =>
-      "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
-    method_option "quiet", :type => :boolean, :banner =>
-        "Only output warnings and errors."
+    method_option "gemfile", type: :string, banner: "Use the specified gemfile instead of Gemfile"
+    method_option "quiet", type: :boolean, banner: "Only output warnings and errors."
     def doctor
       require_relative "cli/doctor"
       Doctor.new(options).run
@@ -710,7 +659,9 @@ module Bundler
     D
     def pristine(*gems)
       require_relative "cli/pristine"
-      Pristine.new(gems).run
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(no_install: false) do
+        Pristine.new(gems).run
+      end
     end
 
     if Bundler.feature_flag.plugins?
@@ -748,6 +699,40 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
+    def self.check_deprecated_ext_option(arguments)
+      # when deprecated version of `--ext` is called
+      # print out deprecation warning and pretend `--ext=c` was provided
+      if deprecated_ext_value?(arguments)
+        message = "Extensions can now be generated using C or Rust, so `--ext` with no arguments has been deprecated. Please select a language, e.g. `--ext=rust` to generate a Rust extension. This gem will now be generated as if `--ext=c` was used."
+        removed_message = "Extensions can now be generated using C or Rust, so `--ext` with no arguments has been removed. Please select a language, e.g. `--ext=rust` to generate a Rust extension."
+        SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, message, removed_message: removed_message
+        arguments[arguments.index("--ext")] = "--ext=c"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.deprecated_ext_value?(arguments)
+      index = arguments.index("--ext")
+      next_argument = arguments[index + 1]
+
+      # it is ok when --ext is followed with valid extension value
+      # for example `bundle gem hello --ext c`
+      return false if EXTENSIONS.include?(next_argument)
+
+      # deprecated call when --ext is called with no value in last position
+      # for example `bundle gem hello_gem --ext`
+      return true if next_argument.nil?
+
+      # deprecated call when --ext is followed by other parameter
+      # for example `bundle gem --ext --no-ci hello_gem`
+      return true if next_argument.start_with?("-")
+
+      # deprecated call when --ext is followed by gem name
+      # for example `bundle gem --ext hello_gem`
+      return true if next_argument
+
+      false
+    end
+
     private
 
     # Automatically invoke `bundle install` and resume if
@@ -762,7 +747,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       begin
         Bundler.definition.specs
-      rescue GemNotFound
+      rescue GemNotFound, GitError
         Bundler.ui.info "Automatically installing missing gems."
         Bundler.reset!
         invoke :install, []
@@ -800,7 +785,7 @@ module Bundler
       return unless SharedHelpers.md5_available?
 
       latest = Fetcher::CompactIndex.
-               new(nil, Source::Rubygems::Remote.new(Bundler::URI("https://rubygems.org")), nil).
+               new(nil, Source::Rubygems::Remote.new(Gem::URI("https://rubygems.org")), nil, nil).
                send(:compact_index_client).
                instance_variable_get(:@cache).
                dependencies("bundler").
@@ -839,12 +824,23 @@ module Bundler
 
       value = options[name]
       value = value.join(" ").to_s if option.type == :array
+      value = "'#{value}'" unless option.type == :boolean
 
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
+      print_remembered_flag_deprecation(flag_name, name.tr("-", "_"), value)
+    end
+
+    def print_remembered_flag_deprecation(flag_name, option_name, option_value)
+      message =
         "The `#{flag_name}` flag is deprecated because it relies on being " \
         "remembered across bundler invocations, which bundler will no longer " \
-        "do in future versions. Instead please use `bundle config set --local #{name.tr("-", "_")} " \
-        "'#{value}'`, and stop using this flag"
+        "do in future versions. Instead please use `bundle config set #{option_name} " \
+        "#{option_value}`, and stop using this flag"
+      removed_message =
+        "The `#{flag_name}` flag has been removed because it relied on being " \
+        "remembered across bundler invocations, which bundler will no longer " \
+        "do. Instead please use `bundle config set #{option_name} " \
+        "#{option_value}`, and stop using this flag"
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, message, removed_message: removed_message
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/add.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/add.rb
index 5bcf30d82d..002d9e1d33 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/add.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/add.rb
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ module Bundler
       dependencies = gems.map {|g| Bundler::Dependency.new(g, version, options) }
 
       Injector.inject(dependencies,
-        :conservative_versioning => options[:version].nil?, # Perform conservative versioning only when version is not specified
-        :optimistic => options[:optimistic],
-        :strict => options[:strict])
+        conservative_versioning: options[:version].nil?, # Perform conservative versioning only when version is not specified
+        optimistic: options[:optimistic],
+        strict: options[:strict])
     end
 
     def validate_options!
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ module Bundler
       raise InvalidOption, "Please specify gems to add." if gems.empty?
 
       version.to_a.each do |v|
-        raise InvalidOption, "Invalid gem requirement pattern '#{v}'" unless Gem::Requirement::PATTERN =~ v.to_s
+        raise InvalidOption, "Invalid gem requirement pattern '#{v}'" unless Gem::Requirement::PATTERN.match?(v.to_s)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/binstubs.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/binstubs.rb
index 639c01ff39..8ce138df96 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/binstubs.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/binstubs.rb
@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ module Bundler
     def run
       Bundler.definition.validate_runtime!
       path_option = options["path"]
-      path_option = nil if path_option && path_option.empty?
+      path_option = nil if path_option&.empty?
       Bundler.settings.set_command_option :bin, path_option if options["path"]
       Bundler.settings.set_command_option_if_given :shebang, options["shebang"]
       installer = Installer.new(Bundler.root, Bundler.definition)
 
       installer_opts = {
-        :force => options[:force],
-        :binstubs_cmd => true,
-        :all_platforms => options["all-platforms"],
+        force: options[:force],
+        binstubs_cmd: true,
+        all_platforms: options["all-platforms"],
       }
 
       if options[:all]
@@ -40,8 +40,12 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         if options[:standalone]
-          next Bundler.ui.warn("Sorry, Bundler can only be run via RubyGems.") if gem_name == "bundler"
-          Bundler.settings.temporary(:path => (Bundler.settings[:path] || Bundler.root)) do
+          if gem_name == "bundler"
+            Bundler.ui.warn("Sorry, Bundler can only be run via RubyGems.") unless options[:all]
+            next
+          end
+
+          Bundler.settings.temporary(path: Bundler.settings[:path] || Bundler.root) do
             installer.generate_standalone_bundler_executable_stubs(spec, installer_opts)
           end
         else
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/cache.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/cache.rb
index c8698ed7e3..2e63a16ec3 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/cache.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/cache.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ module Bundler
       # TODO: move cache contents here now that all bundles are locked
       custom_path = Bundler.settings[:path] if options[:path]
 
-      Bundler.settings.temporary(:cache_all_platforms => options["all-platforms"]) do
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(cache_all_platforms: options["all-platforms"]) do
         Bundler.load.cache(custom_path)
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/check.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/check.rb
index 65c51337d2..33d31cdd27 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/check.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/check.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ module Bundler
       begin
         definition.resolve_only_locally!
         not_installed = definition.missing_specs
-      rescue GemNotFound, VersionConflict
+      rescue GemNotFound, SolveFailure
         Bundler.ui.error "Bundler can't satisfy your Gemfile's dependencies."
         Bundler.ui.warn "Install missing gems with `bundle install`."
         exit 1
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ module Bundler
         Bundler.ui.warn "Install missing gems with `bundle install`"
         exit 1
       elsif !Bundler.default_lockfile.file? && Bundler.frozen_bundle?
-        Bundler.ui.error "This bundle has been frozen, but there is no #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)} present"
+        Bundler.ui.error "This bundle has been frozen, but there is no #{SharedHelpers.relative_lockfile_path} present"
         exit 1
       else
-        Bundler.load.lock(:preserve_unknown_sections => true) unless options[:"dry-run"]
+        Bundler.load.lock(preserve_unknown_sections: true) unless options[:"dry-run"]
         Bundler.ui.info "The Gemfile's dependencies are satisfied"
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/common.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/common.rb
index 0d83a1c07e..7ef6deb2cf 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/common.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/common.rb
@@ -54,9 +54,12 @@ module Bundler
 
       Bundler.definition.specs.each do |spec|
         return spec if spec.name == name
-        specs << spec if regexp && spec.name =~ regexp
+        specs << spec if regexp && spec.name.match?(regexp)
       end
 
+      default_spec = default_gem_spec(name)
+      specs << default_spec if default_spec
+
       case specs.count
       when 0
         dep_in_other_group = Bundler.definition.current_dependencies.find {|dep|dep.name == name }
@@ -75,6 +78,11 @@ module Bundler
       raise GemNotFound, gem_not_found_message(name, Bundler.definition.dependencies)
     end
 
+    def self.default_gem_spec(name)
+      gem_spec = Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name(name).last
+      gem_spec if gem_spec&.default_gem?
+    end
+
     def self.ask_for_spec_from(specs)
       specs.each_with_index do |spec, index|
         Bundler.ui.info "#{index.succ} : #{spec.name}", true
@@ -111,6 +119,7 @@ module Bundler
       definition.gem_version_promoter.tap do |gvp|
         gvp.level = patch_level.first || :major
         gvp.strict = options[:strict] || options["filter-strict"]
+        gvp.pre = options[:pre]
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/config.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/config.rb
index e1222c75dd..77b502fe60 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/config.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/config.rb
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
 
 module Bundler
   class CLI::Config < Thor
-    class_option :parseable, :type => :boolean, :banner => "Use minimal formatting for more parseable output"
+    class_option :parseable, type: :boolean, banner: "Use minimal formatting for more parseable output"
 
     def self.scope_options
-      method_option :global, :type => :boolean, :banner => "Only change the global config"
-      method_option :local, :type => :boolean, :banner => "Only change the local config"
+      method_option :global, type: :boolean, banner: "Only change the global config"
+      method_option :local, type: :boolean, banner: "Only change the local config"
     end
     private_class_method :scope_options
 
-    desc "base NAME [VALUE]", "The Bundler 1 config interface", :hide => true
+    desc "base NAME [VALUE]", "The Bundler 1 config interface", hide: true
     scope_options
-    method_option :delete, :type => :boolean, :banner => "delete"
+    method_option :delete, type: :boolean, banner: "delete"
     def base(name = nil, *value)
       new_args =
         if ARGV.size == 1
@@ -25,8 +25,9 @@ module Bundler
           ["config", "get", ARGV[1]]
         end
 
-      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 3,
-        "Using the `config` command without a subcommand [list, get, set, unset] is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use `bundle #{new_args.join(" ")}` instead."
+      message = "Using the `config` command without a subcommand [list, get, set, unset] is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use `bundle #{new_args.join(" ")}` instead."
+      removed_message = "Using the `config` command without a subcommand [list, get, set, unset] is has been removed. Use `bundle #{new_args.join(" ")}` instead."
+      SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 3, message, removed_message: removed_message
 
       Base.new(options, name, value, self).run
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/console.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/console.rb
index 97b8dc0663..840cf14fd7 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/console.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/console.rb
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def run
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "bundle console will be replaced " \
-                           "by `bin/console` generated by `bundle gem <name>`"
+      message = "bundle console will be replaced by `bin/console` generated by `bundle gem <name>`"
+      removed_message = "bundle console has been replaced by `bin/console` generated by `bundle gem <name>`"
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, message, removed_message: removed_message
 
       group ? Bundler.require(:default, *group.split(" ").map!(&:to_sym)) : Bundler.require
       ARGV.clear
@@ -30,9 +31,9 @@ module Bundler
 
     def get_constant(name)
       const_name = {
-        "pry"  => :Pry,
+        "pry" => :Pry,
         "ripl" => :Ripl,
-        "irb"  => :IRB,
+        "irb" => :IRB,
       }[name]
       Object.const_get(const_name)
     rescue NameError
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/doctor.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/doctor.rb
index 74444ad0ce..1f6fc93c16 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/doctor.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/doctor.rb
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ require "fiddle"
 
 module Bundler
   class CLI::Doctor
-    DARWIN_REGEX = /\s+(.+) \(compatibility /.freeze
-    LDD_REGEX = /\t\S+ => (\S+) \(\S+\)/.freeze
+    DARWIN_REGEX = /\s+(.+) \(compatibility /
+    LDD_REGEX = /\t\S+ => (\S+) \(\S+\)/
 
     attr_reader :options
 
@@ -73,12 +73,10 @@ module Bundler
       definition.specs.each do |spec|
         bundles_for_gem(spec).each do |bundle|
           bad_paths = dylibs(bundle).select do |f|
-            begin
-              Fiddle.dlopen(f)
-              false
-            rescue Fiddle::DLError
-              true
-            end
+            Fiddle.dlopen(f)
+            false
+          rescue Fiddle::DLError
+            true
           end
           if bad_paths.any?
             broken_links[spec] ||= []
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/exec.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/exec.rb
index 42b602a055..f81cd5d2c4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/exec.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/exec.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Bundler
       @options = options
       @cmd = args.shift
       @args = args
-      @args << { :close_others => !options.keep_file_descriptors? } unless Bundler.current_ruby.jruby?
+      @args << { close_others: !options.keep_file_descriptors? } unless Bundler.current_ruby.jruby?
     end
 
     def run
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/gem.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/gem.rb
index c4c76d1b69..f0bb3aab18 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/gem.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/gem.rb
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ module Bundler
   class CLI::Gem
     TEST_FRAMEWORK_VERSIONS = {
       "rspec" => "3.0",
-      "minitest" => "5.0",
+      "minitest" => "5.16",
       "test-unit" => "3.0",
     }.freeze
 
-    attr_reader :options, :gem_name, :thor, :name, :target
+    attr_reader :options, :gem_name, :thor, :name, :target, :extension
 
     def initialize(options, gem_name, thor)
       @options = options
@@ -28,7 +28,11 @@ module Bundler
       @name = @gem_name
       @target = SharedHelpers.pwd.join(gem_name)
 
-      validate_ext_name if options[:ext]
+      @extension = options[:ext]
+
+      validate_ext_name if @extension
+      validate_rust_builder_rubygems_version if @extension == "rust"
+      travis_removal_info
     end
 
     def run
@@ -55,22 +59,23 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       config = {
-        :name             => name,
-        :underscored_name => underscored_name,
-        :namespaced_path  => namespaced_path,
-        :makefile_path    => "#{underscored_name}/#{underscored_name}",
-        :constant_name    => constant_name,
-        :constant_array   => constant_array,
-        :author           => git_author_name.empty? ? "TODO: Write your name" : git_author_name,
-        :email            => git_user_email.empty? ? "TODO: Write your email address" : git_user_email,
-        :test             => options[:test],
-        :ext              => options[:ext],
-        :exe              => options[:exe],
-        :bundler_version  => bundler_dependency_version,
-        :git              => use_git,
-        :github_username  => github_username.empty? ? "[USERNAME]" : github_username,
-        :required_ruby_version => required_ruby_version,
-        :minitest_constant_name => minitest_constant_name,
+        name: name,
+        underscored_name: underscored_name,
+        namespaced_path: namespaced_path,
+        makefile_path: "#{underscored_name}/#{underscored_name}",
+        constant_name: constant_name,
+        constant_array: constant_array,
+        author: git_author_name.empty? ? "TODO: Write your name" : git_author_name,
+        email: git_user_email.empty? ? "TODO: Write your email address" : git_user_email,
+        test: options[:test],
+        ext: extension,
+        exe: options[:exe],
+        bundler_version: bundler_dependency_version,
+        git: use_git,
+        github_username: github_username.empty? ? "[USERNAME]" : github_username,
+        required_ruby_version: required_ruby_version,
+        rust_builder_required_rubygems_version: rust_builder_required_rubygems_version,
+        minitest_constant_name: minitest_constant_name,
       }
       ensure_safe_gem_name(name, constant_array)
 
@@ -132,12 +137,13 @@ module Bundler
       case config[:ci]
       when "github"
         templates.merge!("github/workflows/main.yml.tt" => ".github/workflows/main.yml")
-      when "travis"
-        templates.merge!("travis.yml.tt" => ".travis.yml")
+        config[:ci_config_path] = ".github "
       when "gitlab"
         templates.merge!("gitlab-ci.yml.tt" => ".gitlab-ci.yml")
+        config[:ci_config_path] = ".gitlab-ci.yml "
       when "circle"
         templates.merge!("circleci/config.yml.tt" => ".circleci/config.yml")
+        config[:ci_config_path] = ".circleci "
       end
 
       if ask_and_set(:mit, "Do you want to license your code permissively under the MIT license?",
@@ -188,14 +194,23 @@ module Bundler
 
       templates.merge!("exe/newgem.tt" => "exe/#{name}") if config[:exe]
 
-      if options[:ext]
+      if extension == "c"
         templates.merge!(
-          "ext/newgem/extconf.rb.tt" => "ext/#{name}/extconf.rb",
+          "ext/newgem/extconf-c.rb.tt" => "ext/#{name}/extconf.rb",
           "ext/newgem/newgem.h.tt" => "ext/#{name}/#{underscored_name}.h",
           "ext/newgem/newgem.c.tt" => "ext/#{name}/#{underscored_name}.c"
         )
       end
 
+      if extension == "rust"
+        templates.merge!(
+          "Cargo.toml.tt" => "Cargo.toml",
+          "ext/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt" => "ext/#{name}/Cargo.toml",
+          "ext/newgem/extconf-rust.rb.tt" => "ext/#{name}/extconf.rb",
+          "ext/newgem/src/lib.rs.tt" => "ext/#{name}/src/lib.rs",
+        )
+      end
+
       if target.exist? && !target.directory?
         Bundler.ui.error "Couldn't create a new gem named `#{gem_name}` because there's an existing file named `#{gem_name}`."
         exit Bundler::BundlerError.all_errors[Bundler::GenericSystemCallError]
@@ -221,9 +236,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       if use_git
-        Dir.chdir(target) do
-          `git add .`
-        end
+        IO.popen(%w[git add .], { chdir: target }, &:read)
       end
 
       # Open gemspec in editor
@@ -270,7 +283,7 @@ module Bundler
         Bundler.ui.info hint_text("test")
 
         result = Bundler.ui.ask "Enter a test framework. rspec/minitest/test-unit/(none):"
-        if result =~ /rspec|minitest|test-unit/
+        if /rspec|minitest|test-unit/.match?(result)
           test_framework = result
         else
           test_framework = false
@@ -306,12 +319,11 @@ module Bundler
           "* CircleCI:       https://circleci.com/\n" \
           "* GitHub Actions: https://github.com/features/actions\n" \
           "* GitLab CI:      https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/\n" \
-          "* Travis CI:      https://travis-ci.org/\n" \
           "\n"
         Bundler.ui.info hint_text("ci")
 
-        result = Bundler.ui.ask "Enter a CI service. github/travis/gitlab/circle/(none):"
-        if result =~ /github|travis|gitlab|circle/
+        result = Bundler.ui.ask "Enter a CI service. github/gitlab/circle/(none):"
+        if /github|gitlab|circle/.match?(result)
           ci_template = result
         else
           ci_template = false
@@ -337,12 +349,12 @@ module Bundler
         Bundler.ui.confirm "Do you want to add a code linter and formatter to your gem? " \
           "Supported Linters:\n" \
           "* RuboCop:       https://rubocop.org\n" \
-          "* Standard:      https://github.com/testdouble/standard\n" \
+          "* Standard:      https://github.com/standardrb/standard\n" \
           "\n"
         Bundler.ui.info hint_text("linter")
 
         result = Bundler.ui.ask "Enter a linter. rubocop/standard/(none):"
-        if result =~ /rubocop|standard/
+        if /rubocop|standard/.match?(result)
           linter_template = result
         else
           linter_template = false
@@ -368,15 +380,20 @@ module Bundler
     def deprecated_rubocop_option
       if !options[:rubocop].nil?
         if options[:rubocop]
-          Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "--rubocop is deprecated, use --linter=rubocop"
+          Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
+            "--rubocop is deprecated, use --linter=rubocop",
+            removed_message: "--rubocop has been removed, use --linter=rubocop"
           "rubocop"
         else
-          Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "--no-rubocop is deprecated, use --linter"
+          Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
+            "--no-rubocop is deprecated, use --linter",
+            removed_message: "--no-rubocop has been removed, use --linter"
           false
         end
       elsif !Bundler.settings["gem.rubocop"].nil?
         Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
-          "config gem.rubocop is deprecated; we've updated your config to use gem.linter instead"
+          "config gem.rubocop is deprecated; we've updated your config to use gem.linter instead",
+          removed_message: "config gem.rubocop has been removed; we've updated your config to use gem.linter instead"
         Bundler.settings["gem.rubocop"] ? "rubocop" : false
       end
     end
@@ -389,7 +406,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def ensure_safe_gem_name(name, constant_array)
-      if name =~ /^\d/
+      if /^\d/.match?(name)
         Bundler.ui.error "Invalid gem name #{name} Please give a name which does not start with numbers."
         exit 1
       end
@@ -415,28 +432,39 @@ module Bundler
       thor.run(%(#{editor} "#{file}"))
     end
 
+    def rust_builder_required_rubygems_version
+      "3.3.11"
+    end
+
     def required_ruby_version
-      if Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.4.a") then "2.3.0"
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.5.a") then "2.4.0"
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.6.a") then "2.5.0"
-      else
-        "2.6.0"
-      end
+      "3.0.0"
     end
 
     def rubocop_version
-      if Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.4.a") then "0.81.0"
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.5.a") then "1.12"
-      else
-        "1.21"
-      end
+      "1.21"
     end
 
     def standard_version
-      if Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.4.a") then "0.2.5"
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version < Gem::Version.new("2.5.a") then "1.0"
-      else
-        "1.3"
+      "1.3"
+    end
+
+    # TODO: remove at next minor release
+    def travis_removal_info
+      if options[:ci] == "travis"
+        Bundler.ui.error "Support for Travis CI was removed from gem skeleton generator."
+        exit 1
+      end
+
+      if Bundler.settings["gem.ci"] == "travis"
+        Bundler.ui.error "Support for Travis CI was removed from gem skeleton generator, but it is present in bundle config. Please configure another provider using `bundle config set gem.ci SERVICE` (where SERVICE is one of github/gitlab/circle) or unset configuration using `bundle config unset gem.ci`."
+        exit 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    def validate_rust_builder_rubygems_version
+      if Gem::Version.new(rust_builder_required_rubygems_version) > Gem.rubygems_version
+        Bundler.ui.error "Your RubyGems version (#{Gem.rubygems_version}) is too old to build Rust extension. Please update your RubyGems using `gem update --system` or any other way and try again."
+        exit 1
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/info.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/info.rb
index 0545ce8c75..8f34956aca 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/info.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/info.rb
@@ -25,19 +25,8 @@ module Bundler
 
     private
 
-    def spec_for_gem(gem_name)
-      spec = Bundler.definition.specs.find {|s| s.name == gem_name }
-      spec || default_gem_spec(gem_name) || Bundler::CLI::Common.select_spec(gem_name, :regex_match)
-    end
-
-    def default_gem_spec(gem_name)
-      return unless Gem::Specification.respond_to?(:find_all_by_name)
-      gem_spec = Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name(gem_name).last
-      return gem_spec if gem_spec && gem_spec.respond_to?(:default_gem?) && gem_spec.default_gem?
-    end
-
-    def spec_not_found(gem_name)
-      raise GemNotFound, Bundler::CLI::Common.gem_not_found_message(gem_name, Bundler.definition.dependencies)
+    def spec_for_gem(name)
+      Bundler::CLI::Common.select_spec(name, :regex_match)
     end
 
     def print_gem_version(spec)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/init.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/init.rb
index e4f8229c48..246b9d6460 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/init.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/init.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,11 @@ module Bundler
           file << spec.to_gemfile
         end
       else
-        FileUtils.cp(File.expand_path("../templates/#{gemfile}", __dir__), gemfile)
+        File.open(File.expand_path("../templates/Gemfile", __dir__), "r") do |template|
+          File.open(gemfile, "wb") do |destination|
+            IO.copy_stream(template, destination)
+          end
+        end
       end
 
       puts "Writing new #{gemfile} to #{SharedHelpers.pwd}/#{gemfile}"
@@ -41,7 +45,7 @@ module Bundler
     private
 
     def gemfile
-      @gemfile ||= Bundler.preferred_gemfile_name
+      @gemfile ||= options[:gemfile] || Bundler.preferred_gemfile_name
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/install.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/install.rb
index 851ae9b840..6c102d537d 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/install.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/install.rb
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ module Bundler
           flag   = "--deployment flag" if options[:deployment]
           flag ||= "--frozen flag"     if options[:frozen]
           flag ||= "deployment setting"
-          raise ProductionError, "The #{flag} requires a #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)}. Please make " \
-                                 "sure you have checked your #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)} into version control " \
+          raise ProductionError, "The #{flag} requires a lockfile. Please make " \
+                                 "sure you have checked your #{SharedHelpers.relative_lockfile_path} into version control " \
                                  "before deploying."
         end
 
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ module Bundler
 
       if options["binstubs"]
         Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2,
-          "The --binstubs option will be removed in favor of `bundle binstubs --all`"
+          "The --binstubs option will be removed in favor of `bundle binstubs --all`",
+          removed_message: "The --binstubs option have been removed in favor of `bundle binstubs --all`"
       end
 
       Plugin.gemfile_install(Bundler.default_gemfile) if Bundler.feature_flag.plugins?
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       installer = Installer.install(Bundler.root, definition, options)
 
-      Bundler.settings.temporary(:cache_all_platforms => options[:local] ? false : Bundler.settings[:cache_all_platforms]) do
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(cache_all_platforms: options[:local] ? false : Bundler.settings[:cache_all_platforms]) do
         Bundler.load.cache(nil, options[:local]) if Bundler.app_cache.exist? && !options["no-cache"] && !Bundler.frozen_bundle?
       end
 
@@ -94,9 +95,8 @@ module Bundler
 
     def warn_if_root
       return if Bundler.settings[:silence_root_warning] || Gem.win_platform? || !Process.uid.zero?
-      Bundler.ui.warn "Don't run Bundler as root. Bundler can ask for sudo " \
-        "if it is needed, and installing your bundle as root will break this " \
-        "application for all non-root users on this machine.", :wrap => true
+      Bundler.ui.warn "Don't run Bundler as root. Installing your bundle as root " \
+                      "will break this application for all non-root users on this machine.", wrap: true
     end
 
     def dependencies_count_for(definition)
@@ -149,13 +149,13 @@ module Bundler
       Bundler.settings.set_command_option_if_given :path, options[:path]
 
       if options["standalone"] && Bundler.settings[:path].nil? && !options["local"]
-        Bundler.settings.temporary(:path_relative_to_cwd => false) do
+        Bundler.settings.temporary(path_relative_to_cwd: false) do
           Bundler.settings.set_command_option :path, "bundle"
         end
       end
 
       bin_option = options["binstubs"]
-      bin_option = nil if bin_option && bin_option.empty?
+      bin_option = nil if bin_option&.empty?
       Bundler.settings.set_command_option :bin, bin_option if options["binstubs"]
 
       Bundler.settings.set_command_option_if_given :shebang, options["shebang"]
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/issue.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/issue.rb
index b891ecb1d2..5f2924c4bd 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/issue.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/issue.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require "rbconfig"
 module Bundler
   class CLI::Issue
     def run
-      Bundler.ui.info <<-EOS.gsub(/^ {8}/, "")
+      Bundler.ui.info <<~EOS
         Did you find an issue with Bundler? Before filing a new issue,
         be sure to check out these resources:
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/lock.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/lock.rb
index 7d613a6644..dac3d2a09a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/lock.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/lock.rb
@@ -15,53 +15,60 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       print = options[:print]
-      ui = Bundler.ui
-      Bundler.ui = UI::Silent.new if print
+      previous_ui_level = Bundler.ui.level
+      Bundler.ui.level = "silent" if print
 
       Bundler::Fetcher.disable_endpoint = options["full-index"]
 
       update = options[:update]
       conservative = options[:conservative]
+      bundler = options[:bundler]
 
       if update.is_a?(Array) # unlocking specific gems
         Bundler::CLI::Common.ensure_all_gems_in_lockfile!(update)
-        update = { :gems => update, :conservative => conservative }
-      elsif update
-        update = { :conservative => conservative } if conservative
+        update = { gems: update, conservative: conservative }
+      elsif update && conservative
+        update = { conservative: conservative }
+      elsif update && bundler
+        update = { bundler: bundler }
       end
-      definition = Bundler.definition(update)
 
-      Bundler::CLI::Common.configure_gem_version_promoter(Bundler.definition, options) if options[:update]
+      file = options[:lockfile]
+      file = file ? Pathname.new(file).expand_path : Bundler.default_lockfile
 
-      options["remove-platform"].each do |platform|
-        definition.remove_platform(platform)
-      end
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(frozen: false) do
+        definition = Bundler.definition(update, file)
+
+        Bundler::CLI::Common.configure_gem_version_promoter(definition, options) if options[:update]
 
-      options["add-platform"].each do |platform_string|
-        platform = Gem::Platform.new(platform_string)
-        if platform.to_s == "unknown"
-          Bundler.ui.warn "The platform `#{platform_string}` is unknown to RubyGems " \
-            "and adding it will likely lead to resolution errors"
+        options["remove-platform"].each do |platform|
+          definition.remove_platform(platform)
         end
-        definition.add_platform(platform)
-      end
 
-      if definition.platforms.empty?
-        raise InvalidOption, "Removing all platforms from the bundle is not allowed"
-      end
+        options["add-platform"].each do |platform_string|
+          platform = Gem::Platform.new(platform_string)
+          if platform.to_s == "unknown"
+            Bundler.ui.warn "The platform `#{platform_string}` is unknown to RubyGems " \
+              "and adding it will likely lead to resolution errors"
+          end
+          definition.add_platform(platform)
+        end
+
+        if definition.platforms.empty?
+          raise InvalidOption, "Removing all platforms from the bundle is not allowed"
+        end
 
-      definition.resolve_remotely! unless options[:local]
+        definition.resolve_remotely! unless options[:local]
 
-      if print
-        puts definition.to_lock
-      else
-        file = options[:lockfile]
-        file = file ? File.expand_path(file) : Bundler.default_lockfile
-        puts "Writing lockfile to #{file}"
-        definition.lock(file)
+        if print
+          puts definition.to_lock
+        else
+          puts "Writing lockfile to #{file}"
+          definition.lock
+        end
       end
 
-      Bundler.ui = ui
+      Bundler.ui.level = previous_ui_level
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/open.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/open.rb
index ea504344f3..f24693b843 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/open.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/open.rb
@@ -2,27 +2,27 @@
 
 module Bundler
   class CLI::Open
-    attr_reader :options, :name
+    attr_reader :options, :name, :path
     def initialize(options, name)
       @options = options
       @name = name
+      @path = options[:path] unless options[:path].nil?
     end
 
     def run
+      raise InvalidOption, "Cannot specify `--path` option without a value" if !@path.nil? && @path.empty?
       editor = [ENV["BUNDLER_EDITOR"], ENV["VISUAL"], ENV["EDITOR"]].find {|e| !e.nil? && !e.empty? }
       return Bundler.ui.info("To open a bundled gem, set $EDITOR or $BUNDLER_EDITOR") unless editor
       return unless spec = Bundler::CLI::Common.select_spec(name, :regex_match)
       if spec.default_gem?
         Bundler.ui.info "Unable to open #{name} because it's a default gem, so the directory it would normally be installed to does not exist."
       else
-        path = spec.full_gem_path
-        Dir.chdir(path) do
-          require "shellwords"
-          command = Shellwords.split(editor) + [path]
-          Bundler.with_original_env do
-            system(*command)
-          end || Bundler.ui.info("Could not run '#{command.join(" ")}'")
-        end
+        root_path = spec.full_gem_path
+        require "shellwords"
+        command = Shellwords.split(editor) << File.join([root_path, path].compact)
+        Bundler.with_original_env do
+          system(*command, { chdir: root_path })
+        end || Bundler.ui.info("Could not run '#{command.join(" ")}'")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/outdated.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/outdated.rb
index e9f93fec39..ec42e631bb 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/outdated.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/outdated.rb
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ module Bundler
         # We're doing a full update
         Bundler.definition(true)
       else
-        Bundler.definition(:gems => gems, :sources => sources)
+        Bundler.definition(gems: gems, sources: sources)
       end
 
       Bundler::CLI::Common.configure_gem_version_promoter(
         Bundler.definition,
-        options.merge(:strict => @strict)
+        options.merge(strict: @strict)
       )
 
       definition_resolution = proc do
@@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         outdated_gems << {
-          :active_spec => active_spec,
-          :current_spec => current_spec,
-          :dependency => dependency,
-          :groups => groups,
+          active_spec: active_spec,
+          current_spec: current_spec,
+          dependency: dependency,
+          groups: groups,
         }
       end
 
@@ -111,9 +111,7 @@ module Bundler
           end.compact
 
           if options[:parseable]
-            relevant_outdated_gems.each do |gems|
-              print_gems(gems)
-            end
+            print_gems(relevant_outdated_gems)
           else
             print_gems_table(relevant_outdated_gems)
           end
@@ -196,7 +194,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
       current_version = "#{current_spec.version}#{current_spec.git_version}"
 
-      if dependency && dependency.specific?
+      if dependency&.specific?
         dependency_version = %(, requested #{dependency.requirement})
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/platform.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/platform.rb
index 73da8cf80e..32d68abbb1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/platform.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/platform.rb
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def run
-      platforms, ruby_version = Bundler.ui.silence do
-        locked_ruby_version = Bundler.locked_gems && Bundler.locked_gems.ruby_version&.gsub(/p\d+\Z/, "")
-        gemfile_ruby_version = Bundler.definition.ruby_version && Bundler.definition.ruby_version.single_version_string
-        [Bundler.definition.platforms.map {|p| "* #{p}" },
-         locked_ruby_version || gemfile_ruby_version]
+      ruby_version = if Bundler.locked_gems
+        Bundler.locked_gems.ruby_version&.gsub(/p\d+\Z/, "")
+      else
+        Bundler.definition.ruby_version&.single_version_string
       end
+
       output = []
 
       if options[:ruby]
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ module Bundler
           output << "No ruby version specified"
         end
       else
+        platforms = Bundler.definition.platforms.map {|p| "* #{p}" }
+
         output << "Your platform is: #{Gem::Platform.local}"
         output << "Your app has gems that work on these platforms:\n#{platforms.join("\n")}"
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/plugin.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/plugin.rb
index fe3f4412fa..fd61ef0d95 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/plugin.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/plugin.rb
@@ -5,20 +5,15 @@ module Bundler
   class CLI::Plugin < Thor
     desc "install PLUGINS", "Install the plugin from the source"
     long_desc <<-D
-      Install plugins either from the rubygems source provided (with --source option) or from a git source provided with --git (for remote repos) or --local_git (for local repos). If no sources are provided, it uses Gem.sources
+      Install plugins either from the rubygems source provided (with --source option), from a git source provided with --git, or a local path provided with --path. If no sources are provided, it uses Gem.sources
    D
-    method_option "source", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "URL of the RubyGems source to fetch the plugin from"
-    method_option "version", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "The version of the plugin to fetch"
-    method_option "git", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "URL of the git repo to fetch from"
-    method_option "local_git", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "Path of the local git repo to fetch from"
-    method_option "branch", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "The git branch to checkout"
-    method_option "ref", :type => :string, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "The git revision to check out"
+    method_option "source", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "URL of the RubyGems source to fetch the plugin from"
+    method_option "version", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "The version of the plugin to fetch"
+    method_option "git", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "URL of the git repo to fetch from"
+    method_option "local_git", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "Path of the local git repo to fetch from (deprecated)"
+    method_option "branch", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "The git branch to checkout"
+    method_option "ref", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "The git revision to check out"
+    method_option "path", type: :string, default: nil, banner: "Path of a local gem to directly use"
     def install(*plugins)
       Bundler::Plugin.install(plugins, options)
     end
@@ -27,8 +22,7 @@ module Bundler
     long_desc <<-D
       Uninstall given list of plugins. To uninstall all the plugins, use -all option.
     D
-    method_option "all", :type => :boolean, :default => nil, :banner =>
-      "Uninstall all the installed plugins. If no plugin is installed, then it does nothing."
+    method_option "all", type: :boolean, default: nil, banner: "Uninstall all the installed plugins. If no plugin is installed, then it does nothing."
     def uninstall(*plugins)
       Bundler::Plugin.uninstall(plugins, options)
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/pristine.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/pristine.rb
index d6654f8053..e0d7452c44 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/pristine.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/pristine.rb
@@ -12,40 +12,48 @@ module Bundler
       definition.validate_runtime!
       installer = Bundler::Installer.new(Bundler.root, definition)
 
-      Bundler.load.specs.each do |spec|
-        next if spec.name == "bundler" # Source::Rubygems doesn't install bundler
-        next if !@gems.empty? && !@gems.include?(spec.name)
-
-        gem_name = "#{spec.name} (#{spec.version}#{spec.git_version})"
-        gem_name += " (#{spec.platform})" if !spec.platform.nil? && spec.platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY
-
-        case source = spec.source
-        when Source::Rubygems
-          cached_gem = spec.cache_file
-          unless File.exist?(cached_gem)
-            Bundler.ui.error("Failed to pristine #{gem_name}. Cached gem #{cached_gem} does not exist.")
+      ProcessLock.lock do
+        installed_specs = definition.specs.reject do |spec|
+          next if spec.name == "bundler" # Source::Rubygems doesn't install bundler
+          next if !@gems.empty? && !@gems.include?(spec.name)
+
+          gem_name = "#{spec.name} (#{spec.version}#{spec.git_version})"
+          gem_name += " (#{spec.platform})" if !spec.platform.nil? && spec.platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY
+
+          case source = spec.source
+          when Source::Rubygems
+            cached_gem = spec.cache_file
+            unless File.exist?(cached_gem)
+              Bundler.ui.error("Failed to pristine #{gem_name}. Cached gem #{cached_gem} does not exist.")
+              next
+            end
+
+            FileUtils.rm_rf spec.full_gem_path
+          when Source::Git
+            if source.local?
+              Bundler.ui.warn("Cannot pristine #{gem_name}. Gem is locally overridden.")
+              next
+            end
+
+            source.remote!
+            if extension_cache_path = source.extension_cache_path(spec)
+              FileUtils.rm_rf extension_cache_path
+            end
+            FileUtils.rm_rf spec.extension_dir
+            FileUtils.rm_rf spec.full_gem_path
+          else
+            Bundler.ui.warn("Cannot pristine #{gem_name}. Gem is sourced from local path.")
             next
           end
 
-          FileUtils.rm_rf spec.full_gem_path
-        when Source::Git
-          if source.local?
-            Bundler.ui.warn("Cannot pristine #{gem_name}. Gem is locally overridden.")
-            next
-          end
+          true
+        end.map(&:name)
 
-          source.remote!
-          if extension_cache_path = source.extension_cache_path(spec)
-            FileUtils.rm_rf extension_cache_path
-          end
-          FileUtils.rm_rf spec.extension_dir
-          FileUtils.rm_rf spec.full_gem_path
-        else
-          Bundler.ui.warn("Cannot pristine #{gem_name}. Gem is sourced from local path.")
-          next
-        end
-
-        Bundler::GemInstaller.new(spec, installer, false, 0, true).install_from_spec
+        jobs = installer.send(:installation_parallelization, {})
+        pristine_count = definition.specs.count - installed_specs.count
+        # allow a pristining a single gem to skip the parallel worker
+        jobs = [jobs, pristine_count].min
+        ParallelInstaller.call(installer, definition.specs, jobs, false, true, skip: installed_specs)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/show.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/show.rb
index 2df13db1fa..59b0af42e1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/show.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/show.rb
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ module Bundler
           desc = "  * #{s.name} (#{s.version}#{s.git_version})"
           if @verbose
             latest = latest_specs.find {|l| l.name == s.name }
-            Bundler.ui.info <<-END.gsub(/^ +/, "")
-              #{desc}
+            Bundler.ui.info <<~END
+              #{desc.lstrip}
               \tSummary:  #{s.summary || "No description available."}
               \tHomepage: #{s.homepage || "No website available."}
               \tStatus:   #{outdated?(s, latest) ? "Outdated - #{s.version} < #{latest.version}" : "Up to date"}
diff --git a/lib/bundler/cli/update.rb b/lib/bundler/cli/update.rb
index b49182655b..985e8db051 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/cli/update.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/cli/update.rb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       if full_update
         if conservative
-          Bundler.definition(:conservative => conservative)
+          Bundler.definition(conservative: conservative)
         else
           Bundler.definition(true)
         end
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ module Bundler
           gems.concat(deps.map(&:name))
         end
 
-        Bundler.definition(:gems => gems, :sources => sources, :ruby => options[:ruby],
-                           :conservative => conservative,
-                           :bundler => update_bundler)
+        Bundler.definition(gems: gems, sources: sources, ruby: options[:ruby],
+                           conservative: conservative,
+                           bundler: update_bundler)
       end
 
       Bundler::CLI::Common.configure_gem_version_promoter(Bundler.definition, options)
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ module Bundler
       opts = options.dup
       opts["update"] = true
       opts["local"] = options[:local]
+      opts["force"] = options[:redownload]
 
       Bundler.settings.set_command_option_if_given :jobs, opts["jobs"]
 
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       if locked_gems = Bundler.definition.locked_gems
         previous_locked_info = locked_gems.specs.reduce({}) do |h, s|
-          h[s.name] = { :spec => s, :version => s.version, :source => s.source.identifier }
+          h[s.name] = { spec: s, version: s.version, source: s.source.identifier }
           h
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client.rb b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client.rb
index 127a50e810..68e0d7e0d5 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,13 @@ require "set"
 
 module Bundler
   class CompactIndexClient
+    # NOTE: MD5 is here not because we expect a server to respond with it, but
+    # because we use it to generate the etag on first request during the upgrade
+    # to the compact index client that uses opaque etags saved to files.
+    # Remove once 2.5.0 has been out for a while.
+    SUPPORTED_DIGESTS = { "sha-256" => :SHA256, "md5" => :MD5 }.freeze
     DEBUG_MUTEX = Thread::Mutex.new
+
     def self.debug
       return unless ENV["DEBUG_COMPACT_INDEX"]
       DEBUG_MUTEX.synchronize { warn("[#{self}] #{yield}") }
@@ -14,6 +20,7 @@ module Bundler
     class Error < StandardError; end
 
     require_relative "compact_index_client/cache"
+    require_relative "compact_index_client/cache_file"
     require_relative "compact_index_client/updater"
 
     attr_reader :directory
@@ -54,13 +61,13 @@ module Bundler
 
     def names
       Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "/names" }
-      update(@cache.names_path, "names")
+      update("names", @cache.names_path, @cache.names_etag_path)
       @cache.names
     end
 
     def versions
       Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "/versions" }
-      update(@cache.versions_path, "versions")
+      update("versions", @cache.versions_path, @cache.versions_etag_path)
       versions, @info_checksums_by_name = @cache.versions
       versions
     end
@@ -76,36 +83,36 @@ module Bundler
     def update_and_parse_checksums!
       Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "update_and_parse_checksums!" }
       return @info_checksums_by_name if @parsed_checksums
-      update(@cache.versions_path, "versions")
+      update("versions", @cache.versions_path, @cache.versions_etag_path)
       @info_checksums_by_name = @cache.checksums
       @parsed_checksums = true
     end
 
     private
 
-    def update(local_path, remote_path)
+    def update(remote_path, local_path, local_etag_path)
       Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "update(#{local_path}, #{remote_path})" }
       unless synchronize { @endpoints.add?(remote_path) }
         Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "already fetched #{remote_path}" }
         return
       end
-      @updater.update(local_path, url(remote_path))
+      @updater.update(url(remote_path), local_path, local_etag_path)
     end
 
     def update_info(name)
       Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "update_info(#{name})" }
       path = @cache.info_path(name)
-      checksum = @updater.checksum_for_file(path)
       unless existing = @info_checksums_by_name[name]
         Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "skipping updating info for #{name} since it is missing from versions" }
         return
       end
+      checksum = SharedHelpers.checksum_for_file(path, :MD5)
       if checksum == existing
         Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "skipping updating info for #{name} since the versions checksum matches the local checksum" }
         return
       end
       Bundler::CompactIndexClient.debug { "updating info for #{name} since the versions checksum #{existing} != the local checksum #{checksum}" }
-      update(path, "info/#{name}")
+      update("info/#{name}", path, @cache.info_etag_path(name))
     end
 
     def url(path)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache.rb b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache.rb
index 2d83777139..55911fdecf 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache.rb
@@ -9,11 +9,8 @@ module Bundler
 
       def initialize(directory)
         @directory = Pathname.new(directory).expand_path
-        info_roots.each do |dir|
-          SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(dir) do
-            FileUtils.mkdir_p(dir)
-          end
-        end
+        info_roots.each {|dir| mkdir(dir) }
+        mkdir(info_etag_root)
       end
 
       def names
@@ -24,6 +21,10 @@ module Bundler
         directory.join("names")
       end
 
+      def names_etag_path
+        directory.join("names.etag")
+      end
+
       def versions
         versions_by_name = Hash.new {|hash, key| hash[key] = [] }
         info_checksums_by_name = {}
@@ -31,12 +32,12 @@ module Bundler
         lines(versions_path).each do |line|
           name, versions_string, info_checksum = line.split(" ", 3)
           info_checksums_by_name[name] = info_checksum || ""
-          versions_string.split(",").each do |version|
-            if version.start_with?("-")
-              version = version[1..-1].split("-", 2).unshift(name)
+          versions_string.split(",") do |version|
+            delete = version.delete_prefix!("-")
+            version = version.split("-", 2).unshift(name)
+            if delete
               versions_by_name[name].delete(version)
             else
-              version = version.split("-", 2).unshift(name)
               versions_by_name[name] << version
             end
           end
@@ -49,6 +50,10 @@ module Bundler
         directory.join("versions")
       end
 
+      def versions_etag_path
+        directory.join("versions.etag")
+      end
+
       def checksums
         checksums = {}
 
@@ -68,7 +73,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       def info_path(name)
         name = name.to_s
-        if name =~ /[^a-z0-9_-]/
+        if /[^a-z0-9_-]/.match?(name)
           name += "-#{SharedHelpers.digest(:MD5).hexdigest(name).downcase}"
           info_roots.last.join(name)
         else
@@ -76,8 +81,19 @@ module Bundler
         end
       end
 
+      def info_etag_path(name)
+        name = name.to_s
+        info_etag_root.join("#{name}-#{SharedHelpers.digest(:MD5).hexdigest(name).downcase}")
+      end
+
       private
 
+      def mkdir(dir)
+        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(dir) do
+          FileUtils.mkdir_p(dir)
+        end
+      end
+
       def lines(path)
         return [] unless path.file?
         lines = SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :read, &:read).split("\n")
@@ -96,6 +112,10 @@ module Bundler
           directory.join("info-special-characters"),
         ]
       end
+
+      def info_etag_root
+        directory.join("info-etags")
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache_file.rb b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache_file.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5988bc91b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache_file.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "../vendored_fileutils"
+require "rubygems/package"
+
+module Bundler
+  class CompactIndexClient
+    # write cache files in a way that is robust to concurrent modifications
+    # if digests are given, the checksums will be verified
+    class CacheFile
+      DEFAULT_FILE_MODE = 0o644
+      private_constant :DEFAULT_FILE_MODE
+
+      class Error < RuntimeError; end
+      class ClosedError < Error; end
+
+      class DigestMismatchError < Error
+        def initialize(digests, expected_digests)
+          super "Calculated checksums #{digests.inspect} did not match expected #{expected_digests.inspect}."
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Initialize with a copy of the original file, then yield the instance.
+      def self.copy(path, &block)
+        new(path) do |file|
+          file.initialize_digests
+
+          SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :read) do
+            path.open("rb") do |s|
+              file.open {|f| IO.copy_stream(s, f) }
+            end
+          end
+
+          yield file
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Write data to a temp file, then replace the original file with it verifying the digests if given.
+      def self.write(path, data, digests = nil)
+        return unless data
+        new(path) do |file|
+          file.digests = digests
+          file.write(data)
+        end
+      end
+
+      attr_reader :original_path, :path
+
+      def initialize(original_path, &block)
+        @original_path = original_path
+        @perm = original_path.file? ? original_path.stat.mode : DEFAULT_FILE_MODE
+        @path = original_path.sub(/$/, ".#{$$}.tmp")
+        return unless block_given?
+        begin
+          yield self
+        ensure
+          close
+        end
+      end
+
+      def size
+        path.size
+      end
+
+      # initialize the digests using CompactIndexClient::SUPPORTED_DIGESTS, or a subset based on keys.
+      def initialize_digests(keys = nil)
+        @digests = keys ? SUPPORTED_DIGESTS.slice(*keys) : SUPPORTED_DIGESTS.dup
+        @digests.transform_values! {|algo_class| SharedHelpers.digest(algo_class).new }
+      end
+
+      # reset the digests so they don't contain any previously read data
+      def reset_digests
+        @digests&.each_value(&:reset)
+      end
+
+      # set the digests that will be verified at the end
+      def digests=(expected_digests)
+        @expected_digests = expected_digests
+
+        if @expected_digests.nil?
+          @digests = nil
+        elsif @digests
+          @digests = @digests.slice(*@expected_digests.keys)
+        else
+          initialize_digests(@expected_digests.keys)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # remove this method when we stop generating md5 digests for legacy etags
+      def md5
+        @digests && @digests["md5"]
+      end
+
+      def digests?
+        @digests&.any?
+      end
+
+      # Open the temp file for writing, reusing original permissions, yielding the IO object.
+      def open(write_mode = "wb", perm = @perm, &block)
+        raise ClosedError, "Cannot reopen closed file" if @closed
+        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :write) do
+          path.open(write_mode, perm) do |f|
+            yield digests? ? Gem::Package::DigestIO.new(f, @digests) : f
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Returns false without appending when no digests since appending is too error prone to do without digests.
+      def append(data)
+        return false unless digests?
+        open("a") {|f| f.write data }
+        verify && commit
+      end
+
+      def write(data)
+        reset_digests
+        open {|f| f.write data }
+        commit!
+      end
+
+      def commit!
+        verify || raise(DigestMismatchError.new(@base64digests, @expected_digests))
+        commit
+      end
+
+      # Verify the digests, returning true on match, false on mismatch.
+      def verify
+        return true unless @expected_digests && digests?
+        @base64digests = @digests.transform_values!(&:base64digest)
+        @digests = nil
+        @base64digests.all? {|algo, digest| @expected_digests[algo] == digest }
+      end
+
+      # Replace the original file with the temp file without verifying digests.
+      # The file is permanently closed.
+      def commit
+        raise ClosedError, "Cannot commit closed file" if @closed
+        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(original_path, :write) do
+          FileUtils.mv(path, original_path)
+        end
+        @closed = true
+      end
+
+      # Remove the temp file without replacing the original file.
+      # The file is permanently closed.
+      def close
+        return if @closed
+        FileUtils.remove_file(path) if @path&.file?
+        @closed = true
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/gem_parser.rb b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/gem_parser.rb
index e7bf4c6001..60a1817607 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/gem_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/gem_parser.rb
@@ -6,12 +6,15 @@ module Bundler
       GemParser = Gem::Resolver::APISet::GemParser
     else
       class GemParser
+        EMPTY_ARRAY = [].freeze
+        private_constant :EMPTY_ARRAY
+
         def parse(line)
           version_and_platform, rest = line.split(" ", 2)
           version, platform = version_and_platform.split("-", 2)
-          dependencies, requirements = rest.split("|", 2).map {|s| s.split(",") } if rest
-          dependencies = dependencies ? dependencies.map {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : []
-          requirements = requirements ? requirements.map {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : []
+          dependencies, requirements = rest.split("|", 2).map! {|s| s.split(",") } if rest
+          dependencies = dependencies ? dependencies.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : EMPTY_ARRAY
+          requirements = requirements ? requirements.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : EMPTY_ARRAY
           [version, platform, dependencies, requirements]
         end
 
@@ -20,6 +23,7 @@ module Bundler
         def parse_dependency(string)
           dependency = string.split(":")
           dependency[-1] = dependency[-1].split("&") if dependency.size > 1
+          dependency[0] = -dependency[0]
           dependency
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/updater.rb b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/updater.rb
index 5b430dfbe2..36f6b81db8 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/updater.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/updater.rb
@@ -1,115 +1,114 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require_relative "../vendored_fileutils"
-
 module Bundler
   class CompactIndexClient
     class Updater
-      class MisMatchedChecksumError < Error
-        def initialize(path, server_checksum, local_checksum)
-          @path = path
-          @server_checksum = server_checksum
-          @local_checksum = local_checksum
-        end
-
-        def message
-          "The checksum of /#{@path} does not match the checksum provided by the server! Something is wrong " \
-            "(local checksum is #{@local_checksum.inspect}, was expecting #{@server_checksum.inspect})."
+      class MismatchedChecksumError < Error
+        def initialize(path, message)
+          super "The checksum of /#{path} does not match the checksum provided by the server! Something is wrong. #{message}"
         end
       end
 
       def initialize(fetcher)
         @fetcher = fetcher
-        require_relative "../vendored_tmpdir"
       end
 
-      def update(local_path, remote_path, retrying = nil)
-        headers = {}
-
-        Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir("bundler-compact-index-") do |local_temp_dir|
-          local_temp_path = Pathname.new(local_temp_dir).join(local_path.basename)
-
-          # first try to fetch any new bytes on the existing file
-          if retrying.nil? && local_path.file?
-            copy_file local_path, local_temp_path
-
-            headers["If-None-Match"] = etag_for(local_temp_path)
-            headers["Range"] =
-              if local_temp_path.size.nonzero?
-                # Subtract a byte to ensure the range won't be empty.
-                # Avoids 416 (Range Not Satisfiable) responses.
-                "bytes=#{local_temp_path.size - 1}-"
-              else
-                "bytes=#{local_temp_path.size}-"
-              end
-          end
+      def update(remote_path, local_path, etag_path)
+        append(remote_path, local_path, etag_path) || replace(remote_path, local_path, etag_path)
+      rescue CacheFile::DigestMismatchError => e
+        raise MismatchedChecksumError.new(remote_path, e.message)
+      rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error
+        raise Bundler::HTTPError
+      end
 
-          response = @fetcher.call(remote_path, headers)
-          return nil if response.is_a?(Net::HTTPNotModified)
+      private
 
-          content = response.body
+      def append(remote_path, local_path, etag_path)
+        return false unless local_path.file? && local_path.size.nonzero?
 
-          etag = (response["ETag"] || "").gsub(%r{\AW/}, "")
-          correct_response = SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(local_temp_path) do
-            if response.is_a?(Net::HTTPPartialContent) && local_temp_path.size.nonzero?
-              local_temp_path.open("a") {|f| f << slice_body(content, 1..-1) }
+        CacheFile.copy(local_path) do |file|
+          etag = etag_path.read.tap(&:chomp!) if etag_path.file?
+          etag ||= generate_etag(etag_path, file) # Remove this after 2.5.0 has been out for a while.
 
-              etag_for(local_temp_path) == etag
-            else
-              local_temp_path.open("wb") {|f| f << content }
+          # Subtract a byte to ensure the range won't be empty.
+          # Avoids 416 (Range Not Satisfiable) responses.
+          response = @fetcher.call(remote_path, request_headers(etag, file.size - 1))
+          break true if response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified)
 
-              etag.length.zero? || etag_for(local_temp_path) == etag
-            end
+          file.digests = parse_digests(response)
+          # server may ignore Range and return the full response
+          if response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPPartialContent)
+            break false unless file.append(response.body.byteslice(1..-1))
+          else
+            file.write(response.body)
           end
+          CacheFile.write(etag_path, etag_from_response(response))
+          true
+        end
+      end
 
-          if correct_response
-            SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(local_path) do
-              FileUtils.mv(local_temp_path, local_path)
-            end
-            return nil
-          end
+      # request without range header to get the full file or a 304 Not Modified
+      def replace(remote_path, local_path, etag_path)
+        etag = etag_path.read.tap(&:chomp!) if etag_path.file?
+        response = @fetcher.call(remote_path, request_headers(etag))
+        return true if response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified)
+        CacheFile.write(local_path, response.body, parse_digests(response))
+        CacheFile.write(etag_path, etag_from_response(response))
+      end
 
-          if retrying
-            raise MisMatchedChecksumError.new(remote_path, etag, etag_for(local_temp_path))
-          end
+      def request_headers(etag, range_start = nil)
+        headers = {}
+        headers["Range"] = "bytes=#{range_start}-" if range_start
+        headers["If-None-Match"] = %("#{etag}") if etag
+        headers
+      end
 
-          update(local_path, remote_path, :retrying)
-        end
-      rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error
-        raise Bundler::HTTPError
+      def etag_for_request(etag_path)
+        etag_path.read.tap(&:chomp!) if etag_path.file?
       end
 
-      def etag_for(path)
-        sum = checksum_for_file(path)
-        sum ? %("#{sum}") : nil
+      # When first releasing this opaque etag feature, we want to generate the old MD5 etag
+      # based on the content of the file. After that it will always use the saved opaque etag.
+      # This transparently saves existing users with good caches from updating a bunch of files.
+      # Remove this behavior after 2.5.0 has been out for a while.
+      def generate_etag(etag_path, file)
+        etag = file.md5.hexdigest
+        CacheFile.write(etag_path, etag)
+        etag
       end
 
-      def slice_body(body, range)
-        body.byteslice(range)
+      def etag_from_response(response)
+        return unless response["ETag"]
+        etag = response["ETag"].delete_prefix("W/")
+        return if etag.delete_prefix!('"') && !etag.delete_suffix!('"')
+        etag
       end
 
-      def checksum_for_file(path)
-        return nil unless path.file?
-        # This must use File.read instead of Digest.file().hexdigest
-        # because we need to preserve \n line endings on windows when calculating
-        # the checksum
-        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :read) do
-          SharedHelpers.digest(:MD5).hexdigest(File.read(path))
+      # Unwraps and returns a Hash of digest algorithms and base64 values
+      # according to RFC 8941 Structured Field Values for HTTP.
+      # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8941#name-parsing-a-byte-sequence
+      # Ignores unsupported algorithms.
+      def parse_digests(response)
+        return unless header = response["Repr-Digest"] || response["Digest"]
+        digests = {}
+        header.split(",") do |param|
+          algorithm, value = param.split("=", 2)
+          algorithm.strip!
+          algorithm.downcase!
+          next unless SUPPORTED_DIGESTS.key?(algorithm)
+          next unless value = byte_sequence(value)
+          digests[algorithm] = value
         end
+        digests.empty? ? nil : digests
       end
 
-      private
-
-      def copy_file(source, dest)
-        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(source, :read) do
-          File.open(source, "r") do |s|
-            SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(dest, :write) do
-              File.open(dest, "wb", s.stat.mode) do |f|
-                IO.copy_stream(s, f)
-              end
-            end
-          end
-        end
+      # Unwrap surrounding colons (byte sequence)
+      # The wrapping characters must be matched or we return nil.
+      # Also handles quotes because right now rubygems.org sends them.
+      def byte_sequence(value)
+        return if value.delete_prefix!(":") && !value.delete_suffix!(":")
+        return if value.delete_prefix!('"') && !value.delete_suffix!('"')
+        value
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/constants.rb b/lib/bundler/constants.rb
index 8dd8a53815..de9698b577 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/constants.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/constants.rb
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
 module Bundler
   WINDOWS = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_os"] =~ /(msdos|mswin|djgpp|mingw)/
   FREEBSD = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_os"].to_s.include?("bsd")
-  NULL    = WINDOWS ? "NUL" : "/dev/null"
+  NULL    = File::NULL
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/current_ruby.rb b/lib/bundler/current_ruby.rb
index f9987c4da8..93e0c401c0 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/current_ruby.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/current_ruby.rb
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ module Bundler
       2.7
       3.0
       3.1
+      3.2
+      3.3
     ].freeze
 
     KNOWN_MAJOR_VERSIONS = KNOWN_MINOR_VERSIONS.map {|v| v.split(".", 2).first }.uniq.freeze
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ module Bundler
     ].freeze
 
     def ruby?
-      return true if Bundler::GemHelpers.generic_local_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      return true if Bundler::GemHelpers.generic_local_platform_is_ruby?
 
       !windows? && (RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" || RUBY_ENGINE == "rbx" || RUBY_ENGINE == "maglev" || RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby")
     end
@@ -69,26 +71,10 @@ module Bundler
     def windows?
       Gem.win_platform?
     end
-
-    def mswin?
-      # For backwards compatibility
-      windows?
-
-      # TODO: This should correctly be:
-      # windows? && Bundler.local_platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && Bundler.local_platform.os == "mswin32" && Bundler.local_platform.cpu == "x86"
-    end
-
-    def mswin64?
-      windows? && Bundler.local_platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && Bundler.local_platform.os == "mswin64" && Bundler.local_platform.cpu == "x64"
-    end
-
-    def mingw?
-      windows? && Bundler.local_platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && Bundler.local_platform.os == "mingw32" && Bundler.local_platform.cpu != "x64"
-    end
-
-    def x64_mingw?
-      Gem.win_platform? && Bundler.local_platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && Bundler.local_platform.os.start_with?("mingw") && Bundler.local_platform.cpu == "x64"
-    end
+    alias_method :mswin?, :windows?
+    alias_method :mswin64?, :windows?
+    alias_method :mingw?, :windows?
+    alias_method :x64_mingw?, :windows?
 
     (KNOWN_MINOR_VERSIONS + KNOWN_MAJOR_VERSIONS).each do |version|
       trimmed_version = version.tr(".", "")
diff --git a/lib/bundler/definition.rb b/lib/bundler/definition.rb
index 8bd9e11f32..c8faf77b3b 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/definition.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/definition.rb
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ module Bundler
       :locked_deps,
       :locked_gems,
       :platforms,
-      :requires,
       :ruby_version,
       :lockfile,
-      :gemfiles
+      :gemfiles,
+      :locked_checksums
     )
 
     # Given a gemfile and lockfile creates a Bundler definition
@@ -77,11 +77,15 @@ module Bundler
 
       @lockfile               = lockfile
       @lockfile_contents      = String.new
+
       @locked_bundler_version = nil
-      @locked_ruby_version    = nil
+      @resolved_bundler_version = nil
+
+      @locked_ruby_version = nil
       @new_platform = nil
+      @removed_platform = nil
 
-      if lockfile && File.exist?(lockfile)
+      if lockfile_exists?
         @lockfile_contents = Bundler.read_file(lockfile)
         @locked_gems = LockfileParser.new(@lockfile_contents)
         @locked_platforms = @locked_gems.platforms
@@ -89,6 +93,7 @@ module Bundler
         @locked_bundler_version = @locked_gems.bundler_version
         @locked_ruby_version = @locked_gems.ruby_version
         @originally_locked_specs = SpecSet.new(@locked_gems.specs)
+        @locked_checksums = @locked_gems.checksums
 
         if unlock != true
           @locked_deps    = @locked_gems.dependencies
@@ -106,8 +111,10 @@ module Bundler
         @locked_gems    = nil
         @locked_deps    = {}
         @locked_specs   = SpecSet.new([])
+        @originally_locked_specs = @locked_specs
         @locked_sources = []
         @locked_platforms = []
+        @locked_checksums = nil
       end
 
       locked_gem_sources = @locked_sources.select {|s| s.is_a?(Source::Rubygems) }
@@ -129,7 +136,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
       @unlocking ||= @unlock[:ruby] ||= (!@locked_ruby_version ^ !@ruby_version)
 
-      add_current_platform unless current_ruby_platform_locked? || Bundler.frozen_bundle?
+      add_current_platform unless Bundler.frozen_bundle?
 
       converge_path_sources_to_gemspec_sources
       @path_changes = converge_paths
@@ -138,29 +145,18 @@ module Bundler
       if @unlock[:conservative]
         @unlock[:gems] ||= @dependencies.map(&:name)
       else
-        eager_unlock = expand_dependencies(@unlock[:gems] || [], true)
-        @unlock[:gems] = @locked_specs.for(eager_unlock, false, platforms).map(&:name)
+        eager_unlock = (@unlock[:gems] || []).map {|name| Dependency.new(name, ">= 0") }
+        @unlock[:gems] = @locked_specs.for(eager_unlock, false, platforms).map(&:name).uniq
       end
 
       @dependency_changes = converge_dependencies
       @local_changes = converge_locals
 
-      @requires = compute_requires
+      check_lockfile
     end
 
     def gem_version_promoter
-      @gem_version_promoter ||= begin
-        locked_specs =
-          if unlocking? && @locked_specs.empty? && !@lockfile_contents.empty?
-            # Definition uses an empty set of locked_specs to indicate all gems
-            # are unlocked, but GemVersionPromoter needs the locked_specs
-            # for conservative comparison.
-            Bundler::SpecSet.new(@locked_gems.specs)
-          else
-            @locked_specs
-          end
-        GemVersionPromoter.new(locked_specs, @unlock[:gems])
-      end
+      @gem_version_promoter ||= GemVersionPromoter.new
     end
 
     def resolve_only_locally!
@@ -169,13 +165,6 @@ module Bundler
       resolve
     end
 
-    def resolve_prefering_local!
-      @prefer_local = true
-      @remote = true
-      sources.remote!
-      resolve
-    end
-
     def resolve_with_cache!
       sources.cached!
       resolve
@@ -187,6 +176,23 @@ module Bundler
       resolve
     end
 
+    def resolution_mode=(options)
+      if options["local"]
+        @remote = false
+      else
+        @remote = true
+        @prefer_local = options["prefer-local"]
+      end
+    end
+
+    def setup_sources_for_resolve
+      if @remote == false
+        sources.cached!
+      else
+        sources.remote!
+      end
+    end
+
     # For given dependency list returns a SpecSet with Gemspec of all the required
     # dependencies.
     #  1. The method first resolves the dependencies specified in Gemfile
@@ -217,6 +223,7 @@ module Bundler
     rescue BundlerError => e
       @resolve = nil
       @resolver = nil
+      @resolution_packages = nil
       @specs = nil
       @gem_version_promoter = nil
 
@@ -233,8 +240,17 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def current_dependencies
+      filter_relevant(dependencies)
+    end
+
+    def current_locked_dependencies
+      filter_relevant(locked_dependencies)
+    end
+
+    def filter_relevant(dependencies)
+      platforms_array = [generic_local_platform].freeze
       dependencies.select do |d|
-        d.should_include? && !d.gem_platforms(@platforms).empty?
+        d.should_include? && !d.gem_platforms(platforms_array).empty?
       end
     end
 
@@ -258,10 +274,15 @@ module Bundler
 
     def dependencies_for(groups)
       groups.map!(&:to_sym)
-      deps = current_dependencies.reject do |d|
-        (d.groups & groups).empty?
+      deps = current_dependencies # always returns a new array
+      deps.select! do |d|
+        if RUBY_VERSION >= "3.1"
+          d.groups.intersect?(groups)
+        else
+          !(d.groups & groups).empty?
+        end
       end
-      expand_dependencies(deps)
+      deps
     end
 
     # Resolve all the dependencies specified in Gemfile. It ensures that
@@ -273,21 +294,21 @@ module Bundler
       @resolve ||= if Bundler.frozen_bundle?
         Bundler.ui.debug "Frozen, using resolution from the lockfile"
         @locked_specs
-      elsif !unlocking? && nothing_changed?
+      elsif no_resolve_needed?
         if deleted_deps.any?
-          Bundler.ui.debug("Some dependencies were deleted, using a subset of the resolution from the lockfile")
+          Bundler.ui.debug "Some dependencies were deleted, using a subset of the resolution from the lockfile"
           SpecSet.new(filter_specs(@locked_specs, @dependencies - deleted_deps))
         else
-          Bundler.ui.debug("Found no changes, using resolution from the lockfile")
-          if @locked_gems.may_include_redundant_platform_specific_gems?
+          Bundler.ui.debug "Found no changes, using resolution from the lockfile"
+          if @removed_platform || @locked_gems.may_include_redundant_platform_specific_gems?
             SpecSet.new(filter_specs(@locked_specs, @dependencies))
           else
             @locked_specs
           end
         end
       else
-        Bundler.ui.debug("Found changes from the lockfile, re-resolving dependencies because #{change_reason}")
-        resolver.start(expanded_dependencies)
+        Bundler.ui.debug "Found changes from the lockfile, re-resolving dependencies because #{change_reason}"
+        start_resolution
       end
     end
 
@@ -299,34 +320,26 @@ module Bundler
       dependencies.map(&:groups).flatten.uniq
     end
 
-    def lock(file, preserve_unknown_sections = false)
-      return if Definition.no_lock
-
-      contents = to_lock
-
-      # Convert to \r\n if the existing lock has them
-      # i.e., Windows with `git config core.autocrlf=true`
-      contents.gsub!(/\n/, "\r\n") if @lockfile_contents.match("\r\n")
-
-      if @locked_bundler_version
-        locked_major = @locked_bundler_version.segments.first
-        current_major = Gem::Version.create(Bundler::VERSION).segments.first
-
-        updating_major = locked_major < current_major
-      end
+    def lock(file_or_preserve_unknown_sections = false, preserve_unknown_sections_or_unused = false)
+      if [true, false, nil].include?(file_or_preserve_unknown_sections)
+        target_lockfile = lockfile || Bundler.default_lockfile
+        preserve_unknown_sections = file_or_preserve_unknown_sections
+      else
+        target_lockfile = file_or_preserve_unknown_sections
+        preserve_unknown_sections = preserve_unknown_sections_or_unused
 
-      preserve_unknown_sections ||= !updating_major && (Bundler.frozen_bundle? || !(unlocking? || @unlocking_bundler))
+        suggestion = if target_lockfile == lockfile
+          "To fix this warning, remove it from the `Definition#lock` call."
+        else
+          "Instead, instantiate a new definition passing `#{target_lockfile}`, and call `lock` without a file argument on that definition"
+        end
 
-      return if file && File.exist?(file) && lockfiles_equal?(@lockfile_contents, contents, preserve_unknown_sections)
+        msg = "`Definition#lock` was passed a target file argument. #{suggestion}"
 
-      if Bundler.frozen_bundle?
-        Bundler.ui.error "Cannot write a changed lockfile while frozen."
-        return
+        Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, msg
       end
 
-      SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file) do |p|
-        File.open(p, "wb") {|f| f.puts(contents) }
-      end
+      write_lock(target_lockfile, preserve_unknown_sections)
     end
 
     def locked_ruby_version
@@ -350,27 +363,16 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
+    def bundler_version_to_lock
+      @resolved_bundler_version || Bundler.gem_version
+    end
+
     def to_lock
       require_relative "lockfile_generator"
       LockfileGenerator.generate(self)
     end
 
     def ensure_equivalent_gemfile_and_lockfile(explicit_flag = false)
-      msg = String.new
-      msg << "You are trying to install in deployment mode after changing\n" \
-             "your Gemfile. Run `bundle install` elsewhere and add the\n" \
-             "updated #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)} to version control."
-
-      unless explicit_flag
-        suggested_command = if Bundler.settings.locations("frozen").keys.&([:global, :local]).any?
-          "bundle config unset frozen"
-        elsif Bundler.settings.locations("deployment").keys.&([:global, :local]).any?
-          "bundle config unset deployment"
-        end
-        msg << "\n\nIf this is a development machine, remove the #{Bundler.default_gemfile} " \
-               "freeze \nby running `#{suggested_command}`."
-      end
-
       added =   []
       deleted = []
       changed = []
@@ -384,32 +386,36 @@ module Bundler
       deleted.concat deleted_deps.map {|d| "* #{pretty_dep(d)}" } if deleted_deps.any?
 
       both_sources = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = [] }
-      @dependencies.each {|d| both_sources[d.name][0] = d }
-
-      locked_dependencies.each do |d|
-        next if !Bundler.feature_flag.bundler_3_mode? && @locked_specs[d.name].empty?
-
-        both_sources[d.name][1] = d
-      end
+      current_dependencies.each {|d| both_sources[d.name][0] = d }
+      current_locked_dependencies.each {|d| both_sources[d.name][1] = d }
 
       both_sources.each do |name, (dep, lock_dep)|
         next if dep.nil? || lock_dep.nil?
 
-        gemfile_source = dep.source || sources.default_source
-        lock_source = lock_dep.source || sources.default_source
+        gemfile_source = dep.source || default_source
+        lock_source = lock_dep.source || default_source
         next if lock_source.include?(gemfile_source)
 
-        gemfile_source_name = dep.source ? gemfile_source.identifier : "no specified source"
-        lockfile_source_name = lock_dep.source ? lock_source.identifier : "no specified source"
+        gemfile_source_name = dep.source ? gemfile_source.to_gemfile : "no specified source"
+        lockfile_source_name = lock_dep.source ? lock_source.to_gemfile : "no specified source"
         changed << "* #{name} from `#{lockfile_source_name}` to `#{gemfile_source_name}`"
       end
 
       reason = change_reason
-      msg << "\n\n#{reason.split(", ").map(&:capitalize).join("\n")}" unless reason.strip.empty?
+      msg = String.new
+      msg << "#{reason.capitalize.strip}, but the lockfile can't be updated because frozen mode is set"
       msg << "\n\nYou have added to the Gemfile:\n" << added.join("\n") if added.any?
       msg << "\n\nYou have deleted from the Gemfile:\n" << deleted.join("\n") if deleted.any?
       msg << "\n\nYou have changed in the Gemfile:\n" << changed.join("\n") if changed.any?
-      msg << "\n"
+      msg << "\n\nRun `bundle install` elsewhere and add the updated #{SharedHelpers.relative_gemfile_path} to version control.\n"
+
+      unless explicit_flag
+        suggested_command = unless Bundler.settings.locations("frozen").keys.include?(:env)
+          "bundle config set frozen false"
+        end
+        msg << "If this is a development machine, remove the #{SharedHelpers.relative_lockfile_path} " \
+               "freeze by running `#{suggested_command}`." if suggested_command
+      end
 
       raise ProductionError, msg if added.any? || deleted.any? || changed.any? || !nothing_changed?
     end
@@ -448,8 +454,8 @@ module Bundler
       return if current_platform_locked?
 
       raise ProductionError, "Your bundle only supports platforms #{@platforms.map(&:to_s)} " \
-        "but your local platform is #{Bundler.local_platform}. " \
-        "Add the current platform to the lockfile with\n`bundle lock --add-platform #{Bundler.local_platform}` and try again."
+        "but your local platform is #{local_platform}. " \
+        "Add the current platform to the lockfile with\n`bundle lock --add-platform #{local_platform}` and try again."
     end
 
     def add_platform(platform)
@@ -458,7 +464,9 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def remove_platform(platform)
-      return if @platforms.delete(Gem::Platform.new(platform))
+      removed_platform = @platforms.delete(Gem::Platform.new(platform))
+      @removed_platform ||= removed_platform
+      return if removed_platform
       raise InvalidOption, "Unable to remove the platform `#{platform}` since the only platforms are #{@platforms.join ", "}"
     end
 
@@ -472,7 +480,19 @@ module Bundler
     private :sources
 
     def nothing_changed?
-      !@source_changes && !@dependency_changes && !@new_platform && !@path_changes && !@local_changes
+      !@source_changes &&
+        !@dependency_changes &&
+        !@new_platform &&
+        !@path_changes &&
+        !@local_changes &&
+        !@missing_lockfile_dep &&
+        !@unlocking_bundler &&
+        !@locked_spec_with_missing_deps &&
+        !@locked_spec_with_invalid_deps
+    end
+
+    def no_resolve_needed?
+      !unlocking? && nothing_changed?
     end
 
     def unlocking?
@@ -481,20 +501,78 @@ module Bundler
 
     private
 
-    def resolver
-      @resolver ||= begin
-        last_resolve = converge_locked_specs
-        remove_ruby_from_platforms_if_necessary!(dependencies)
-        Resolver.new(source_requirements, last_resolve, gem_version_promoter, additional_base_requirements_for_resolve, platforms)
+    def should_add_extra_platforms?
+      !lockfile_exists? && generic_local_platform_is_ruby? && !Bundler.settings[:force_ruby_platform]
+    end
+
+    def lockfile_exists?
+      file_exists?(lockfile)
+    end
+
+    def file_exists?(file)
+      file && File.exist?(file)
+    end
+
+    def write_lock(file, preserve_unknown_sections)
+      return if Definition.no_lock
+
+      contents = to_lock
+
+      # Convert to \r\n if the existing lock has them
+      # i.e., Windows with `git config core.autocrlf=true`
+      contents.gsub!(/\n/, "\r\n") if @lockfile_contents.match?("\r\n")
+
+      if @locked_bundler_version
+        locked_major = @locked_bundler_version.segments.first
+        current_major = bundler_version_to_lock.segments.first
+
+        updating_major = locked_major < current_major
+      end
+
+      preserve_unknown_sections ||= !updating_major && (Bundler.frozen_bundle? || !(unlocking? || @unlocking_bundler))
+
+      if file_exists?(file) && lockfiles_equal?(@lockfile_contents, contents, preserve_unknown_sections)
+        return if Bundler.frozen_bundle?
+        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file) { FileUtils.touch(file) }
+        return
       end
+
+      if Bundler.frozen_bundle?
+        Bundler.ui.error "Cannot write a changed lockfile while frozen."
+        return
+      end
+
+      SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file) do |p|
+        File.open(p, "wb") {|f| f.puts(contents) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def resolver
+      @resolver ||= Resolver.new(resolution_packages, gem_version_promoter)
     end
 
     def expanded_dependencies
-      @expanded_dependencies ||= expand_dependencies(dependencies + metadata_dependencies, true)
+      dependencies_with_bundler + metadata_dependencies
+    end
+
+    def dependencies_with_bundler
+      return dependencies unless @unlocking_bundler
+      return dependencies if dependencies.map(&:name).include?("bundler")
+
+      [Dependency.new("bundler", @unlocking_bundler)] + dependencies
+    end
+
+    def resolution_packages
+      @resolution_packages ||= begin
+        last_resolve = converge_locked_specs
+        remove_invalid_platforms!(current_dependencies)
+        packages = Resolver::Base.new(source_requirements, expanded_dependencies, last_resolve, @platforms, locked_specs: @originally_locked_specs, unlock: @unlock[:gems], prerelease: gem_version_promoter.pre?)
+        additional_base_requirements_for_resolve(packages, last_resolve)
+      end
     end
 
     def filter_specs(specs, deps)
-      SpecSet.new(specs).for(expand_dependencies(deps, true), false, platforms)
+      SpecSet.new(specs).for(deps, false, platforms)
     end
 
     def materialize(dependencies)
@@ -518,23 +596,45 @@ module Bundler
         raise GemNotFound, "Could not find #{missing_specs_list.join(" nor ")}"
       end
 
+      incomplete_specs = specs.incomplete_specs
       loop do
-        incomplete_specs = specs.incomplete_specs
         break if incomplete_specs.empty?
 
         Bundler.ui.debug("The lockfile does not have all gems needed for the current platform though, Bundler will still re-resolve dependencies")
-        @resolve = resolver.start(expanded_dependencies, :exclude_specs => incomplete_specs)
+        setup_sources_for_resolve
+        resolution_packages.delete(incomplete_specs)
+        @resolve = start_resolution
         specs = resolve.materialize(dependencies)
+
+        still_incomplete_specs = specs.incomplete_specs
+
+        if still_incomplete_specs == incomplete_specs
+          package = resolution_packages.get_package(incomplete_specs.first.name)
+          resolver.raise_not_found! package
+        end
+
+        incomplete_specs = still_incomplete_specs
       end
 
-      bundler = sources.metadata_source.specs.search(Gem::Dependency.new("bundler", VERSION)).last
+      bundler = sources.metadata_source.specs.search(["bundler", Bundler.gem_version]).last
       specs["bundler"] = bundler
 
       specs
     end
 
+    def start_resolution
+      result = SpecSet.new(resolver.start)
+
+      @resolved_bundler_version = result.find {|spec| spec.name == "bundler" }&.version
+      @platforms = result.add_extra_platforms!(platforms) if should_add_extra_platforms?
+
+      result.complete_platforms!(platforms)
+
+      SpecSet.new(result.for(dependencies, false, @platforms))
+    end
+
     def precompute_source_requirements_for_indirect_dependencies?
-      @remote && sources.non_global_rubygems_sources.all?(&:dependency_api_available?) && !sources.aggregate_global_source?
+      sources.non_global_rubygems_sources.all?(&:dependency_api_available?) && !sources.aggregate_global_source?
     end
 
     def pin_locally_available_names(source_requirements)
@@ -551,7 +651,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def current_ruby_platform_locked?
-      return false unless generic_local_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      return false unless generic_local_platform_is_ruby?
       return false if Bundler.settings[:force_ruby_platform] && !@platforms.include?(Gem::Platform::RUBY)
 
       current_platform_locked?
@@ -559,11 +659,13 @@ module Bundler
 
     def current_platform_locked?
       @platforms.any? do |bundle_platform|
-        MatchPlatform.platforms_match?(bundle_platform, Bundler.local_platform)
+        MatchPlatform.platforms_match?(bundle_platform, local_platform)
       end
     end
 
     def add_current_platform
+      return if current_ruby_platform_locked?
+
       add_platform(local_platform)
     end
 
@@ -585,11 +687,15 @@ module Bundler
         [@new_platform, "you added a new platform to your gemfile"],
         [@path_changes, "the gemspecs for path gems changed"],
         [@local_changes, "the gemspecs for git local gems changed"],
+        [@missing_lockfile_dep, "your lock file is missing \"#{@missing_lockfile_dep}\""],
+        [@unlocking_bundler, "an update to the version of Bundler itself was requested"],
+        [@locked_spec_with_missing_deps, "your lock file includes \"#{@locked_spec_with_missing_deps}\" but not some of its dependencies"],
+        [@locked_spec_with_invalid_deps, "your lockfile does not satisfy dependencies of \"#{@locked_spec_with_invalid_deps}\""],
       ].select(&:first).map(&:last).join(", ")
     end
 
-    def pretty_dep(dep, source = false)
-      SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(dep, source)
+    def pretty_dep(dep)
+      SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(dep)
     end
 
     # Check if the specs of the given source changed
@@ -611,8 +717,7 @@ module Bundler
       locked_index = Index.new
       locked_index.use(@locked_specs.select {|s| source.can_lock?(s) })
 
-      # order here matters, since Index#== is checking source.specs.include?(locked_index)
-      locked_index != source.specs
+      !locked_index.subset?(source.specs)
     rescue PathError, GitError => e
       Bundler.ui.debug "Assuming that #{source} has not changed since fetching its specs errored (#{e})"
       false
@@ -626,8 +731,8 @@ module Bundler
 
       Bundler.settings.local_overrides.map do |k, v|
         spec   = @dependencies.find {|s| s.name == k }
-        source = spec && spec.source
-        if source && source.respond_to?(:local_override!)
+        source = spec&.source
+        if source&.respond_to?(:local_override!)
           source.unlock! if @unlock[:gems].include?(spec.name)
           locals << [source, source.local_override!(v)]
         end
@@ -639,6 +744,39 @@ module Bundler
       !sources_with_changes.each {|source| @unlock[:sources] << source.name }.empty?
     end
 
+    def check_lockfile
+      @missing_lockfile_dep = nil
+
+      @locked_spec_with_invalid_deps = nil
+      @locked_spec_with_missing_deps = nil
+
+      missing = []
+      invalid = []
+
+      @locked_specs.each do |s|
+        validation = @locked_specs.validate_deps(s)
+
+        missing << s if validation == :missing
+        invalid << s if validation == :invalid
+      end
+
+      if missing.any?
+        @locked_specs.delete(missing)
+
+        @locked_spec_with_missing_deps = missing.first.name
+      elsif !@dependency_changes
+        @missing_lockfile_dep = current_dependencies.find do |d|
+          @locked_specs[d.name].empty? && d.name != "bundler"
+        end&.name
+      end
+
+      if invalid.any?
+        @locked_specs.delete(invalid)
+
+        @locked_spec_with_invalid_deps = invalid.first.name
+      end
+    end
+
     def converge_paths
       sources.path_sources.any? do |source|
         specs_changed?(source)
@@ -670,6 +808,11 @@ module Bundler
       changes = sources.replace_sources!(@locked_sources)
 
       sources.all_sources.each do |source|
+        # has to be done separately, because we want to keep the locked checksum
+        # store for a source, even when doing a full update
+        if @locked_checksums && @locked_gems && locked_source = @locked_gems.sources.find {|s| s == source && !s.equal?(source) }
+          source.checksum_store.merge!(locked_source.checksum_store)
+        end
         # If the source is unlockable and the current command allows an unlock of
         # the source (for example, you are doing a `bundle update <foo>` of a git-pinned
         # gem), unlock it. For git sources, this means to unlock the revision, which
@@ -692,6 +835,8 @@ module Bundler
           dep.source = sources.get(dep.source)
         end
 
+        next if unlocking?
+
         unless locked_dep = @locked_deps[dep.name]
           changes = true
           next
@@ -738,26 +883,27 @@ module Bundler
 
     def converge_specs(specs)
       converged = []
-
-      deps = @dependencies.select do |dep|
-        specs[dep].any? {|s| s.satisfies?(dep) && (!dep.source || s.source.include?(dep.source)) }
-      end
+      deps = []
 
       @specs_that_changed_sources = []
 
       specs.each do |s|
+        name = s.name
         dep = @dependencies.find {|d| s.satisfies?(d) }
+        lockfile_source = s.source
 
-        # Replace the locked dependency's source with the equivalent source from the Gemfile
-        s.source = if dep && dep.source
-          gemfile_source = dep.source
-          lockfile_source = s.source
+        if dep
+          gemfile_source = dep.source || default_source
 
           @specs_that_changed_sources << s if gemfile_source != lockfile_source
+          deps << dep if !dep.source || lockfile_source.include?(dep.source)
+          @unlock[:gems] << name if lockfile_source.include?(dep.source) && lockfile_source != gemfile_source
 
-          gemfile_source
+          # Replace the locked dependency's source with the equivalent source from the Gemfile
+          s.source = gemfile_source
         else
-          sources.get_with_fallback(s.source)
+          # Replace the locked dependency's source with the default source, if the locked source is no longer in the Gemfile
+          s.source = default_source unless sources.get(lockfile_source)
         end
 
         next if @unlock[:sources].include?(s.source.name)
@@ -766,9 +912,9 @@ module Bundler
         if s.source.instance_of?(Source::Path) || s.source.instance_of?(Source::Gemspec)
           new_specs = begin
             s.source.specs
-          rescue PathError, GitError
+          rescue PathError
             # if we won't need the source (according to the lockfile),
-            # don't error if the path/git source isn't available
+            # don't error if the path source isn't available
             next if specs.
                     for(requested_dependencies, false).
                     none? {|locked_spec| locked_spec.source == s.source }
@@ -777,15 +923,16 @@ module Bundler
           end
 
           new_spec = new_specs[s].first
-
-          # If the spec is no longer in the path source, unlock it. This
-          # commonly happens if the version changed in the gemspec
-          next unless new_spec
-
-          s.dependencies.replace(new_spec.dependencies)
+          if new_spec
+            s.dependencies.replace(new_spec.dependencies)
+          else
+            # If the spec is no longer in the path source, unlock it. This
+            # commonly happens if the version changed in the gemspec
+            @unlock[:gems] << name
+          end
         end
 
-        if dep.nil? && requested_dependencies.find {|d| s.name == d.name }
+        if dep.nil? && requested_dependencies.find {|d| name == d.name }
           @unlock[:gems] << s.name
         else
           converged << s
@@ -797,28 +944,11 @@ module Bundler
 
     def metadata_dependencies
       @metadata_dependencies ||= [
-        Dependency.new("Ruby\0", Gem.ruby_version),
+        Dependency.new("Ruby\0", Bundler::RubyVersion.system.gem_version),
         Dependency.new("RubyGems\0", Gem::VERSION),
       ]
     end
 
-    def expand_dependencies(dependencies, remote = false)
-      deps = []
-      dependencies.each do |dep|
-        dep = Dependency.new(dep, ">= 0") unless dep.respond_to?(:name)
-        next unless remote || dep.current_platform?
-        target_platforms = dep.gem_platforms(remote ? @platforms : [generic_local_platform])
-        deps += expand_dependency_with_platforms(dep, target_platforms)
-      end
-      deps
-    end
-
-    def expand_dependency_with_platforms(dep, platforms)
-      platforms.map do |p|
-        DepProxy.get_proxy(dep, p)
-      end
-    end
-
     def source_requirements
       # Record the specs available in each gem's source, so that those
       # specs will be available later when the resolver knows where to
@@ -826,20 +956,32 @@ module Bundler
       source_requirements = if precompute_source_requirements_for_indirect_dependencies?
         all_requirements = source_map.all_requirements
         all_requirements = pin_locally_available_names(all_requirements) if @prefer_local
-        { :default => sources.default_source }.merge(all_requirements)
+        { default: default_source }.merge(all_requirements)
       else
-        { :default => Source::RubygemsAggregate.new(sources, source_map) }.merge(source_map.direct_requirements)
+        { default: Source::RubygemsAggregate.new(sources, source_map) }.merge(source_map.direct_requirements)
       end
       source_requirements.merge!(source_map.locked_requirements) unless @remote
       metadata_dependencies.each do |dep|
         source_requirements[dep.name] = sources.metadata_source
       end
-      source_requirements[:default_bundler] = source_requirements["bundler"] || sources.default_source
-      source_requirements["bundler"] = sources.metadata_source # needs to come last to override
+
+      default_bundler_source = source_requirements["bundler"] || default_source
+
+      if @unlocking_bundler
+        default_bundler_source.add_dependency_names("bundler")
+      else
+        source_requirements[:default_bundler] = default_bundler_source
+        source_requirements["bundler"] = sources.metadata_source # needs to come last to override
+      end
+
       verify_changed_sources!
       source_requirements
     end
 
+    def default_source
+      sources.default_source
+    end
+
     def verify_changed_sources!
       @specs_that_changed_sources.each do |s|
         if s.source.specs.search(s.name).empty?
@@ -858,7 +1000,8 @@ module Bundler
       if preserve_unknown_sections
         sections_to_ignore = LockfileParser.sections_to_ignore(@locked_bundler_version)
         sections_to_ignore += LockfileParser.unknown_sections_in_lockfile(current)
-        sections_to_ignore += LockfileParser::ENVIRONMENT_VERSION_SECTIONS
+        sections_to_ignore << LockfileParser::RUBY
+        sections_to_ignore << LockfileParser::BUNDLED unless @unlocking_bundler
         pattern = /#{Regexp.union(sections_to_ignore)}\n(\s{2,}.*\n)+/
         whitespace_cleanup = /\n{2,}/
         current = current.gsub(pattern, "\n").gsub(whitespace_cleanup, "\n\n").strip
@@ -867,33 +1010,28 @@ module Bundler
       current == proposed
     end
 
-    def compute_requires
-      dependencies.reduce({}) do |requires, dep|
-        next requires unless dep.should_include?
-        requires[dep.name] = Array(dep.autorequire || dep.name).map do |file|
-          # Allow `require: true` as an alias for `require: <name>`
-          file == true ? dep.name : file
-        end
-        requires
+    def additional_base_requirements_for_resolve(resolution_packages, last_resolve)
+      return resolution_packages unless @locked_gems && !sources.expired_sources?(@locked_gems.sources)
+      converge_specs(@originally_locked_specs - last_resolve).each do |locked_spec|
+        next if locked_spec.source.is_a?(Source::Path)
+        resolution_packages.base_requirements[locked_spec.name] = Gem::Requirement.new(">= #{locked_spec.version}")
       end
+      resolution_packages
     end
 
-    def additional_base_requirements_for_resolve
-      return [] unless @locked_gems && unlocking? && !sources.expired_sources?(@locked_gems.sources)
-      converge_specs(@originally_locked_specs).map do |locked_spec|
-        Dependency.new(locked_spec.name, ">= #{locked_spec.version}")
-      end.uniq
-    end
+    def remove_invalid_platforms!(dependencies)
+      return if Bundler.frozen_bundle?
 
-    def remove_ruby_from_platforms_if_necessary!(dependencies)
-      return if Bundler.frozen_bundle? ||
-                Bundler.local_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY ||
-                !platforms.include?(Gem::Platform::RUBY) ||
-                (@new_platform && platforms.last == Gem::Platform::RUBY) ||
-                !@originally_locked_specs.incomplete_ruby_specs?(expand_dependencies(dependencies))
+      platforms.reverse_each do |platform|
+        next if local_platform == platform ||
+                (@new_platform && platforms.last == platform) ||
+                @path_changes ||
+                @dependency_changes ||
+                !@originally_locked_specs.incomplete_for_platform?(dependencies, platform)
 
-      remove_platform(Gem::Platform::RUBY)
-      add_current_platform
+        remove_platform(platform)
+        add_current_platform if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      end
     end
 
     def source_map
diff --git a/lib/bundler/dep_proxy.rb b/lib/bundler/dep_proxy.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index a32dc37b49..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/dep_proxy.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler
-  class DepProxy
-    attr_reader :__platform, :dep
-
-    @proxies = {}
-
-    def self.get_proxy(dep, platform)
-      @proxies[[dep, platform]] ||= new(dep, platform).freeze
-    end
-
-    def initialize(dep, platform)
-      @dep = dep
-      @__platform = platform
-    end
-
-    private_class_method :new
-
-    alias_method :eql?, :==
-
-    def type
-      @dep.type
-    end
-
-    def name
-      @dep.name
-    end
-
-    def requirement
-      @dep.requirement
-    end
-
-    def to_s
-      s = name.dup
-      s << " (#{requirement})" unless requirement == Gem::Requirement.default
-      s << " #{__platform}" unless __platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
-      s
-    end
-
-    def dup
-      raise NoMethodError.new("DepProxy cannot be duplicated")
-    end
-
-    def clone
-      raise NoMethodError.new("DepProxy cannot be cloned")
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def method_missing(*args, &blk)
-      @dep.send(*args, &blk)
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/dependency.rb b/lib/bundler/dependency.rb
index 49ce23ec88..77d7a00362 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/dependency.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/dependency.rb
@@ -7,93 +7,25 @@ require_relative "rubygems_ext"
 module Bundler
   class Dependency < Gem::Dependency
     attr_reader :autorequire
-    attr_reader :groups, :platforms, :gemfile, :git, :github, :branch, :ref, :force_ruby_platform
+    attr_reader :groups, :platforms, :gemfile, :path, :git, :github, :branch, :ref
 
-    # rubocop:disable Naming/VariableNumber
+    ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS = (18..27).to_a.concat((30..34).to_a).freeze
     PLATFORM_MAP = {
-      :ruby     => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_18  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_19  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_20  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_21  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_22  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_23  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_24  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_25  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_26  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_27  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_30  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :ruby_31  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri      => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_18   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_19   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_20   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_21   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_22   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_23   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_24   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_25   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_26   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_27   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_30   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :mri_31   => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :rbx      => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :truffleruby => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-      :jruby    => Gem::Platform::JAVA,
-      :jruby_18 => Gem::Platform::JAVA,
-      :jruby_19 => Gem::Platform::JAVA,
-      :windows  => Gem::Platform::WINDOWS,
-      :mswin    => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_18 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_19 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_20 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_21 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_22 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_23 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_24 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_25 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_26 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_27 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_30 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin_31 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN,
-      :mswin64    => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_19 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_20 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_21 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_22 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_23 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_24 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_25 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_26 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_27 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_30 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mswin64_31 => Gem::Platform::MSWIN64,
-      :mingw    => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_18 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_19 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_20 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_21 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_22 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_23 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_24 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_25 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_26 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_27 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_30 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :mingw_31 => Gem::Platform::MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw    => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_20 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_21 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_22 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_23 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_24 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_25 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_26 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_27 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_30 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-      :x64_mingw_31 => Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW,
-    }.freeze
-    # rubocop:enable Naming/VariableNumber
+      ruby: [Gem::Platform::RUBY, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS],
+      mri: [Gem::Platform::RUBY, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS],
+      rbx: [Gem::Platform::RUBY],
+      truffleruby: [Gem::Platform::RUBY],
+      jruby: [Gem::Platform::JAVA, [18, 19]],
+      windows: [Gem::Platform::WINDOWS, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS],
+      # deprecated
+      mswin: [Gem::Platform::MSWIN, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS],
+      mswin64: [Gem::Platform::MSWIN64, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS - [18]],
+      mingw: [Gem::Platform::MINGW, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS],
+      x64_mingw: [Gem::Platform::X64_MINGW, ALL_RUBY_VERSIONS - [18, 19]],
+    }.each_with_object({}) do |(platform, spec), hash|
+      hash[platform] = spec[0]
+      spec[1]&.each {|version| hash[:"#{platform}_#{version}"] = spec[0] }
+    end.freeze
 
     def initialize(name, version, options = {}, &blk)
       type = options["type"] || :runtime
@@ -102,6 +34,7 @@ module Bundler
       @autorequire    = nil
       @groups         = Array(options["group"] || :default).map(&:to_sym)
       @source         = options["source"]
+      @path           = options["path"]
       @git            = options["git"]
       @github         = options["github"]
       @branch         = options["branch"]
@@ -110,14 +43,18 @@ module Bundler
       @env            = options["env"]
       @should_include = options.fetch("should_include", true)
       @gemfile        = options["gemfile"]
-      @force_ruby_platform = options["force_ruby_platform"]
+      @force_ruby_platform = options["force_ruby_platform"] if options.key?("force_ruby_platform")
 
       @autorequire = Array(options["require"] || []) if options.key?("require")
     end
 
+    RUBY_PLATFORM_ARRAY = [Gem::Platform::RUBY].freeze
+    private_constant :RUBY_PLATFORM_ARRAY
+
     # Returns the platforms this dependency is valid for, in the same order as
     # passed in the `valid_platforms` parameter
     def gem_platforms(valid_platforms)
+      return RUBY_PLATFORM_ARRAY if force_ruby_platform
       return valid_platforms if @platforms.empty?
 
       valid_platforms.select {|p| expanded_platforms.include?(GemHelpers.generic(p)) }
@@ -131,6 +68,10 @@ module Bundler
       @should_include && current_env? && current_platform?
     end
 
+    def gemspec_dev_dep?
+      type == :development
+    end
+
     def current_env?
       return true unless @env
       if @env.is_a?(Hash)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/digest.rb b/lib/bundler/digest.rb
index f11f5edd38..2c6d971f1b 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/digest.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/digest.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ module Bundler
           end
           a, b, c, d, e = *words
           (16..79).each do |i|
-            w[i] = SHA1_MASK & rotate((w[i-3] ^ w[i-8] ^ w[i-14] ^ w[i-16]), 1)
+            w[i] = SHA1_MASK & rotate((w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16]), 1)
           end
           0.upto(79) do |i|
             case i
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ module Bundler
           words.map!.with_index {|word, index| SHA1_MASK & (word + mutated[index]) }
         end
 
-        words.pack("N*").unpack("H*").first
+        words.pack("N*").unpack1("H*")
       end
 
       private
diff --git a/lib/bundler/dsl.rb b/lib/bundler/dsl.rb
index 385fdd4383..6af80fb31f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/dsl.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/dsl.rb
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ module Bundler
     VALID_KEYS = %w[group groups git path glob name branch ref tag require submodules
                     platform platforms type source install_if gemfile force_ruby_platform].freeze
 
-    GITHUB_PULL_REQUEST_URL = %r{\Ahttps://github\.com/([A-Za-z0-9_\-\.]+/[A-Za-z0-9_\-\.]+)/pull/(\d+)\z}.freeze
+    GITHUB_PULL_REQUEST_URL = %r{\Ahttps://github\.com/([A-Za-z0-9_\-\.]+/[A-Za-z0-9_\-\.]+)/pull/(\d+)\z}
+    GITLAB_MERGE_REQUEST_URL = %r{\Ahttps://gitlab\.com/([A-Za-z0-9_\-\./]+)/-/merge_requests/(\d+)\z}
 
-    attr_reader :gemspecs
+    attr_reader :gemspecs, :gemfile
     attr_accessor :dependencies
 
     def initialize
@@ -41,12 +42,12 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def eval_gemfile(gemfile, contents = nil)
-      expanded_gemfile_path = Pathname.new(gemfile).expand_path(@gemfile && @gemfile.parent)
+      expanded_gemfile_path = Pathname.new(gemfile).expand_path(@gemfile&.parent)
       original_gemfile = @gemfile
       @gemfile = expanded_gemfile_path
       @gemfiles << expanded_gemfile_path
       contents ||= Bundler.read_file(@gemfile.to_s)
-      instance_eval(contents.dup.tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }, gemfile.to_s, 1)
+      instance_eval(contents, @gemfile.to_s, 1)
     rescue Exception => e # rubocop:disable Lint/RescueException
       message = "There was an error " \
         "#{e.is_a?(GemfileEvalError) ? "evaluating" : "parsing"} " \
@@ -67,7 +68,6 @@ module Bundler
 
       gemspecs = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("{,*}.gemspec", expanded_path).map {|g| Bundler.load_gemspec(g) }.compact
       gemspecs.reject! {|s| s.name != name } if name
-      Index.sort_specs(gemspecs)
       specs_by_name_and_version = gemspecs.group_by {|s| [s.name, s.version] }
 
       case specs_by_name_and_version.size
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ module Bundler
 
         @gemspecs << spec
 
-        gem spec.name, :name => spec.name, :path => path, :glob => glob
+        gem spec.name, name: spec.name, path: path, glob: glob
 
         group(development_group) do
           spec.development_dependencies.each do |dep|
-            gem dep.name, *(dep.requirement.as_list + [:type => :development])
+            gem dep.name, *(dep.requirement.as_list + [type: :development])
           end
         end
       when 0
@@ -103,39 +103,51 @@ module Bundler
 
       # if there's already a dependency with this name we try to prefer one
       if current = @dependencies.find {|d| d.name == dep.name }
-        deleted_dep = @dependencies.delete(current) if current.type == :development
+        if current.requirement != dep.requirement
+          current_requirement_open = current.requirements_list.include?(">= 0")
 
-        unless deleted_dep
-          if current.requirement != dep.requirement
-            return if dep.type == :development
+          gemspec_dep = [dep, current].find(&:gemspec_dev_dep?)
+          if gemspec_dep
+            gemfile_dep = [dep, current].find(&:runtime?)
 
+            unless current_requirement_open
+              Bundler.ui.warn "A gemspec development dependency (#{gemspec_dep.name}, #{gemspec_dep.requirement}) is being overridden by a Gemfile dependency (#{gemfile_dep.name}, #{gemfile_dep.requirement}).\n" \
+                              "This behaviour may change in the future. Please remove either of them, or make sure they both have the same requirement\n"
+            end
+          else
             update_prompt = ""
 
             if File.basename(@gemfile) == Injector::INJECTED_GEMS
-              if dep.requirements_list.include?(">= 0") && !current.requirements_list.include?(">= 0")
+              if dep.requirements_list.include?(">= 0") && !current_requirement_open
                 update_prompt = ". Gem already added"
               else
                 update_prompt = ". If you want to update the gem version, run `bundle update #{current.name}`"
 
-                update_prompt += ". You may also need to change the version requirement specified in the Gemfile if it's too restrictive." unless current.requirements_list.include?(">= 0")
+                update_prompt += ". You may also need to change the version requirement specified in the Gemfile if it's too restrictive." unless current_requirement_open
               end
             end
 
             raise GemfileError, "You cannot specify the same gem twice with different version requirements.\n" \
-                            "You specified: #{current.name} (#{current.requirement}) and #{dep.name} (#{dep.requirement})" \
-                             "#{update_prompt}"
-          elsif current.source != dep.source
-            return if dep.type == :development
-            raise GemfileError, "You cannot specify the same gem twice coming from different sources.\n" \
-                            "You specified that #{dep.name} (#{dep.requirement}) should come from " \
-                            "#{current.source || "an unspecified source"} and #{dep.source}\n"
-          else
-            Bundler.ui.warn "Your Gemfile lists the gem #{current.name} (#{current.requirement}) more than once.\n" \
-                            "You should probably keep only one of them.\n" \
-                            "Remove any duplicate entries and specify the gem only once.\n" \
-                            "While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of one of them later."
+                           "You specified: #{current.name} (#{current.requirement}) and #{dep.name} (#{dep.requirement})" \
+                           "#{update_prompt}"
           end
         end
+
+        # Always prefer the dependency from the Gemfile
+        if current.gemspec_dev_dep?
+          @dependencies.delete(current)
+        elsif dep.gemspec_dev_dep?
+          return
+        elsif current.source != dep.source
+          raise GemfileError, "You cannot specify the same gem twice coming from different sources.\n" \
+                          "You specified that #{dep.name} (#{dep.requirement}) should come from " \
+                          "#{current.source || "an unspecified source"} and #{dep.source}\n"
+        else
+          Bundler.ui.warn "Your Gemfile lists the gem #{current.name} (#{current.requirement}) more than once.\n" \
+                          "You should probably keep only one of them.\n" \
+                          "Remove any duplicate entries and specify the gem only once.\n" \
+                          "While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of one of them later."
+        end
       end
 
       @dependencies << dep
@@ -278,8 +290,8 @@ module Bundler
         if repo_name =~ GITHUB_PULL_REQUEST_URL
           {
             "git" => "https://github.com/#{$1}.git",
-            "branch" => "refs/pull/#{$2}/head",
-            "ref" => nil,
+            "branch" => nil,
+            "ref" => "refs/pull/#{$2}/head",
             "tag" => nil,
           }
         else
@@ -297,6 +309,20 @@ module Bundler
         repo_name ||= user_name
         "https://#{user_name}@bitbucket.org/#{user_name}/#{repo_name}.git"
       end
+
+      git_source(:gitlab) do |repo_name|
+        if repo_name =~ GITLAB_MERGE_REQUEST_URL
+          {
+            "git" => "https://gitlab.com/#{$1}.git",
+            "branch" => nil,
+            "ref" => "refs/merge-requests/#{$2}/head",
+            "tag" => nil,
+          }
+        else
+          repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include?("/")
+          "https://gitlab.com/#{repo_name}.git"
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     def with_source(source)
@@ -325,7 +351,7 @@ module Bundler
       if name.is_a?(Symbol)
         raise GemfileError, %(You need to specify gem names as Strings. Use 'gem "#{name}"' instead)
       end
-      if name =~ /\s/
+      if /\s/.match?(name)
         raise GemfileError, %('#{name}' is not a valid gem name because it contains whitespace)
       end
       raise GemfileError, %(an empty gem name is not valid) if name.empty?
@@ -398,13 +424,11 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def validate_keys(command, opts, valid_keys)
-      invalid_keys = opts.keys - valid_keys
-
-      git_source = opts.keys & @git_sources.keys.map(&:to_s)
-      if opts["branch"] && !(opts["git"] || opts["github"] || git_source.any?)
+      if opts["branch"] && !(opts["git"] || opts["github"] || (opts.keys & @git_sources.keys.map(&:to_s)).any?)
         raise GemfileError, %(The `branch` option for `#{command}` is not allowed. Only gems with a git source can specify a branch)
       end
 
+      invalid_keys = opts.keys - valid_keys
       return true unless invalid_keys.any?
 
       message = String.new
@@ -423,9 +447,13 @@ module Bundler
     def normalize_source(source)
       case source
       when :gemcutter, :rubygems, :rubyforge
-        Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "The source :#{source} is deprecated because HTTP " \
-          "requests are insecure.\nPlease change your source to 'https://" \
-          "rubygems.org' if possible, or 'http://rubygems.org' if not."
+        message =
+          "The source :#{source} is deprecated because HTTP requests are insecure.\n" \
+          "Please change your source to 'https://rubygems.org' if possible, or 'http://rubygems.org' if not."
+        removed_message =
+          "The source :#{source} is disallowed because HTTP requests are insecure.\n" \
+          "Please change your source to 'https://rubygems.org' if possible, or 'http://rubygems.org' if not."
+        Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, message, removed_message: removed_message
         "http://rubygems.org"
       when String
         source
@@ -470,10 +498,17 @@ module Bundler
           "should come from that source"
         raise GemfileEvalError, msg
       else
-        Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "Your Gemfile contains multiple global sources. " \
+        message =
+          "Your Gemfile contains multiple global sources. " \
           "Using `source` more than once without a block is a security risk, and " \
           "may result in installing unexpected gems. To resolve this warning, use " \
           "a block to indicate which gems should come from the secondary source."
+        removed_message =
+          "Your Gemfile contains multiple global sources. " \
+          "Using `source` more than once without a block is a security risk, and " \
+          "may result in installing unexpected gems. To resolve this error, use " \
+          "a block to indicate which gems should come from the secondary source."
+        Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, message, removed_message: removed_message
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/endpoint_specification.rb b/lib/bundler/endpoint_specification.rb
index ea197328ba..87cb352efa 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/endpoint_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/endpoint_specification.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Bundler
       super()
       @name         = name
       @version      = Gem::Version.create version
-      @platform     = platform
+      @platform     = Gem::Platform.new(platform)
       @spec_fetcher = spec_fetcher
       @dependencies = dependencies.map {|dep, reqs| build_dependency(dep, reqs) }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def _local_specification
       return unless @loaded_from && File.exist?(local_specification_path)
-      eval(File.read(local_specification_path)).tap do |spec|
+      eval(File.read(local_specification_path), nil, local_specification_path).tap do |spec|
         spec.loaded_from = @loaded_from
       end
     end
@@ -125,7 +125,11 @@ module Bundler
         next unless v
         case k.to_s
         when "checksum"
-          @checksum = v.last
+          begin
+            @checksum = Checksum.from_api(v.last, @spec_fetcher.uri)
+          rescue ArgumentError => e
+            raise ArgumentError, "Invalid checksum for #{full_name}: #{e.message}"
+          end
         when "rubygems"
           @required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.new(v)
         when "ruby"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/env.rb b/lib/bundler/env.rb
index 1763035a8a..f6cb198e38 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/env.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/env.rb
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ module Bundler
 
         out << "\n## Gemfile\n"
         gemfiles.each do |gemfile|
-          out << "\n### #{Pathname.new(gemfile).relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)}\n\n"
+          out << "\n### #{SharedHelpers.relative_path_to(gemfile)}\n\n"
           out << "```ruby\n" << read_file(gemfile).chomp << "\n```\n"
         end
 
-        out << "\n### #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)}\n\n"
+        out << "\n### #{SharedHelpers.relative_path_to(Bundler.default_lockfile)}\n\n"
         out << "```\n" << read_file(Bundler.default_lockfile).chomp << "\n```\n"
       end
 
@@ -69,13 +69,11 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def self.ruby_version
-      str = String.new(RUBY_VERSION)
-      str << "p#{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}" if defined? RUBY_PATCHLEVEL
-      str << " (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE} revision #{RUBY_REVISION}) [#{Gem::Platform.local}]"
+      "#{RUBY_VERSION}p#{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL} (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE} revision #{RUBY_REVISION}) [#{Gem::Platform.local}]"
     end
 
     def self.git_version
-      Bundler::Source::Git::GitProxy.new(nil, nil, nil).full_version
+      Bundler::Source::Git::GitProxy.new(nil, nil).full_version
     rescue Bundler::Source::Git::GitNotInstalledError
       "not installed"
     end
@@ -122,7 +120,7 @@ module Bundler
         specs = Bundler.rubygems.find_name(name)
         out << ["  #{name}", "(#{specs.map(&:version).join(",")})"] unless specs.empty?
       end
-      if (exe = caller.last.split(":").first) && exe =~ %r{(exe|bin)/bundler?\z}
+      if (exe = caller.last.split(":").first)&.match? %r{(exe|bin)/bundler?\z}
         shebang = File.read(exe).lines.first
         shebang.sub!(/^#!\s*/, "")
         unless shebang.start_with?(Gem.ruby, "/usr/bin/env ruby")
diff --git a/lib/bundler/environment_preserver.rb b/lib/bundler/environment_preserver.rb
index 0f08e049d8..c4c1b53fa4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/environment_preserver.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/environment_preserver.rb
@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@
 
 module Bundler
   class EnvironmentPreserver
-    INTENTIONALLY_NIL = "BUNDLER_ENVIRONMENT_PRESERVER_INTENTIONALLY_NIL".freeze
+    INTENTIONALLY_NIL = "BUNDLER_ENVIRONMENT_PRESERVER_INTENTIONALLY_NIL"
     BUNDLER_KEYS = %w[
       BUNDLE_BIN_PATH
       BUNDLE_GEMFILE
       BUNDLER_VERSION
+      BUNDLER_SETUP
       GEM_HOME
       GEM_PATH
       MANPATH
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ module Bundler
       RUBYLIB
       RUBYOPT
     ].map(&:freeze).freeze
-    BUNDLER_PREFIX = "BUNDLER_ORIG_".freeze
+    BUNDLER_PREFIX = "BUNDLER_ORIG_"
 
     def self.from_env
       new(env_to_hash(ENV), BUNDLER_KEYS)
@@ -57,9 +58,9 @@ module Bundler
       env = @original.clone
       @keys.each do |key|
         value = env[key]
-        if !value.nil? && !value.empty?
+        if !value.nil?
           env[@prefix + key] ||= value
-        elsif value.nil?
+        else
           env[@prefix + key] ||= INTENTIONALLY_NIL
         end
       end
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ module Bundler
       env = @original.clone
       @keys.each do |key|
         value_original = env[@prefix + key]
-        next if value_original.nil? || value_original.empty?
+        next if value_original.nil?
         if value_original == INTENTIONALLY_NIL
           env.delete(key)
         else
diff --git a/lib/bundler/errors.rb b/lib/bundler/errors.rb
index f10b6cc68f..b6a11cc721 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/errors.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/errors.rb
@@ -21,16 +21,7 @@ module Bundler
   class InstallError < BundlerError; status_code(5); end
 
   # Internal error, should be rescued
-  class VersionConflict < BundlerError
-    attr_reader :conflicts
-
-    def initialize(conflicts, msg = nil)
-      super(msg)
-      @conflicts = conflicts
-    end
-
-    status_code(6)
-  end
+  class SolveFailure < BundlerError; status_code(6); end
 
   class GemNotFound < BundlerError; status_code(7); end
   class InstallHookError < BundlerError; status_code(8); end
@@ -55,13 +46,55 @@ module Bundler
   class CyclicDependencyError < BundlerError; status_code(21); end
   class GemfileLockNotFound < BundlerError; status_code(22); end
   class PluginError < BundlerError; status_code(29); end
-  class SudoNotPermittedError < BundlerError; status_code(30); end
   class ThreadCreationError < BundlerError; status_code(33); end
   class APIResponseMismatchError < BundlerError; status_code(34); end
   class APIResponseInvalidDependenciesError < BundlerError; status_code(35); end
   class GemfileEvalError < GemfileError; end
   class MarshalError < StandardError; end
 
+  class ChecksumMismatchError < SecurityError
+    def initialize(lock_name, existing, checksum)
+      @lock_name = lock_name
+      @existing = existing
+      @checksum = checksum
+    end
+
+    def message
+      <<~MESSAGE
+        Bundler found mismatched checksums. This is a potential security risk.
+          #{@lock_name} #{@existing.to_lock}
+            from #{@existing.sources.join("\n    and ")}
+          #{@lock_name} #{@checksum.to_lock}
+            from #{@checksum.sources.join("\n    and ")}
+
+        #{mismatch_resolution_instructions}
+        To ignore checksum security warnings, disable checksum validation with
+          `bundle config set --local disable_checksum_validation true`
+      MESSAGE
+    end
+
+    def mismatch_resolution_instructions
+      removable, remote = [@existing, @checksum].partition(&:removable?)
+      case removable.size
+      when 0
+        msg = +"Mismatched checksums each have an authoritative source:\n"
+        msg << "  1. #{@existing.sources.reject(&:removable?).map(&:to_s).join(" and ")}\n"
+        msg << "  2. #{@checksum.sources.reject(&:removable?).map(&:to_s).join(" and ")}\n"
+        msg << "You may need to alter your Gemfile sources to resolve this issue.\n"
+      when 1
+        msg = +"If you trust #{remote.first.sources.first}, to resolve this issue you can:\n"
+        msg << removable.first.removal_instructions
+      when 2
+        msg = +"To resolve this issue you can either:\n"
+        msg << @checksum.removal_instructions
+        msg << "or if you are sure that the new checksum from #{@checksum.sources.first} is correct:\n"
+        msg << @existing.removal_instructions
+      end
+    end
+
+    status_code(37)
+  end
+
   class PermissionError < BundlerError
     def initialize(path, permission_type = :write)
       @path = path
@@ -182,4 +215,19 @@ module Bundler
 
     status_code(36)
   end
+
+  class InsecureInstallPathError < BundlerError
+    def initialize(path)
+      @path = path
+    end
+
+    def message
+      "The installation path is insecure. Bundler cannot continue.\n" \
+      "#{@path} is world-writable (without sticky bit).\n" \
+      "Bundler cannot safely replace gems in world-writeable directories due to potential vulnerabilities.\n" \
+      "Please change the permissions of this directory or choose a different install path."
+    end
+
+    status_code(38)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/feature_flag.rb b/lib/bundler/feature_flag.rb
index e441b941c2..ab2189f7f0 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/feature_flag.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/feature_flag.rb
@@ -37,9 +37,7 @@ module Bundler
     settings_flag(:plugins) { @bundler_version >= Gem::Version.new("1.14") }
     settings_flag(:print_only_version_number) { bundler_3_mode? }
     settings_flag(:setup_makes_kernel_gem_public) { !bundler_3_mode? }
-    settings_flag(:suppress_install_using_messages) { bundler_3_mode? }
     settings_flag(:update_requires_all_flag) { bundler_4_mode? }
-    settings_flag(:use_gem_version_promoter_for_major_updates) { bundler_3_mode? }
 
     settings_option(:default_cli_command) { bundler_3_mode? ? :cli_help : :install }
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher.rb
index e399a50cfd..6288b22dcd 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/fetcher.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require_relative "vendored_persistent"
+require_relative "vendored_timeout"
 require "cgi"
 require "securerandom"
 require "zlib"
-require "rubygems/request"
 
 module Bundler
   # Handles all the fetching with the rubygems server
   class Fetcher
+    autoload :Base, File.expand_path("fetcher/base", __dir__)
     autoload :CompactIndex, File.expand_path("fetcher/compact_index", __dir__)
     autoload :Downloader, File.expand_path("fetcher/downloader", __dir__)
     autoload :Dependency, File.expand_path("fetcher/dependency", __dir__)
@@ -29,9 +30,7 @@ module Bundler
           " is a chance you are experiencing a man-in-the-middle attack, but" \
           " most likely your system doesn't have the CA certificates needed" \
           " for verification. For information about OpenSSL certificates, see" \
-          " https://railsapps.github.io/openssl-certificate-verify-failed.html." \
-          " To connect without using SSL, edit your Gemfile" \
-          " sources and change 'https' to 'http'."
+          " https://railsapps.github.io/openssl-certificate-verify-failed.html."
       end
     end
 
@@ -39,9 +38,7 @@ module Bundler
     class SSLError < HTTPError
       def initialize(msg = nil)
         super msg || "Could not load OpenSSL.\n" \
-            "You must recompile Ruby with OpenSSL support or change the sources in your " \
-            "Gemfile from 'https' to 'http'. Instructions for compiling with OpenSSL " \
-            "using RVM are available at rvm.io/packages/openssl."
+            "You must recompile Ruby with OpenSSL support."
       end
     end
 
@@ -65,6 +62,16 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
+    # This error is raised if HTTP authentication is correct, but lacks
+    # necessary permissions.
+    class AuthenticationForbiddenError < HTTPError
+      def initialize(remote_uri)
+        remote_uri = filter_uri(remote_uri)
+        super "Access token could not be authenticated for #{remote_uri}.\n" \
+          "Make sure it's valid and has the necessary scopes configured."
+      end
+    end
+
     # Exceptions classes that should bypass retry attempts. If your password didn't work the
     # first time, it's not going to the third time.
     NET_ERRORS = [:HTTPBadGateway, :HTTPBadRequest, :HTTPFailedDependency,
@@ -74,9 +81,9 @@ module Bundler
                   :HTTPRequestURITooLong, :HTTPUnauthorized, :HTTPUnprocessableEntity,
                   :HTTPUnsupportedMediaType, :HTTPVersionNotSupported].freeze
     FAIL_ERRORS = begin
-      fail_errors = [AuthenticationRequiredError, BadAuthenticationError, FallbackError]
+      fail_errors = [AuthenticationRequiredError, BadAuthenticationError, AuthenticationForbiddenError, FallbackError, SecurityError]
       fail_errors << Gem::Requirement::BadRequirementError
-      fail_errors.concat(NET_ERRORS.map {|e| Net.const_get(e) })
+      fail_errors.concat(NET_ERRORS.map {|e| Gem::Net.const_get(e) })
     end.freeze
 
     class << self
@@ -88,6 +95,7 @@ module Bundler
     self.max_retries    = Bundler.settings[:retry] # How many retries for the API call
 
     def initialize(remote)
+      @cis = nil
       @remote = remote
 
       Socket.do_not_reverse_lookup = true
@@ -103,15 +111,17 @@ module Bundler
       spec -= [nil, "ruby", ""]
       spec_file_name = "#{spec.join "-"}.gemspec"
 
-      uri = Bundler::URI.parse("#{remote_uri}#{Gem::MARSHAL_SPEC_DIR}#{spec_file_name}.rz")
-      if uri.scheme == "file"
-        path = Bundler.rubygems.correct_for_windows_path(uri.path)
-        Bundler.load_marshal Bundler.rubygems.inflate(Gem.read_binary(path))
+      uri = Gem::URI.parse("#{remote_uri}#{Gem::MARSHAL_SPEC_DIR}#{spec_file_name}.rz")
+      spec = if uri.scheme == "file"
+        path = Gem::Util.correct_for_windows_path(uri.path)
+        Bundler.safe_load_marshal Bundler.rubygems.inflate(Gem.read_binary(path))
       elsif cached_spec_path = gemspec_cached_path(spec_file_name)
         Bundler.load_gemspec(cached_spec_path)
       else
-        Bundler.load_marshal Bundler.rubygems.inflate(downloader.fetch(uri).body)
+        Bundler.safe_load_marshal Bundler.rubygems.inflate(downloader.fetch(uri).body)
       end
+      raise MarshalError, "is #{spec.inspect}" unless spec.is_a?(Gem::Specification)
+      spec
     rescue MarshalError
       raise HTTPError, "Gemspec #{spec} contained invalid data.\n" \
         "Your network or your gem server is probably having issues right now."
@@ -128,20 +138,11 @@ module Bundler
     def specs(gem_names, source)
       index = Bundler::Index.new
 
-      if Bundler::Fetcher.disable_endpoint
-        @use_api = false
-        specs = fetchers.last.specs(gem_names)
-      else
-        specs = []
-        @fetchers = fetchers.drop_while do |f|
-          !f.available? || (f.api_fetcher? && !gem_names) || !specs = f.specs(gem_names)
-        end
-        @use_api = false if fetchers.none?(&:api_fetcher?)
-      end
-
-      specs.each do |name, version, platform, dependencies, metadata|
+      fetch_specs(gem_names).each do |name, version, platform, dependencies, metadata|
         spec = if dependencies
-          EndpointSpecification.new(name, version, platform, self, dependencies, metadata)
+          EndpointSpecification.new(name, version, platform, self, dependencies, metadata).tap do |es|
+            source.checksum_store.replace(es, es.checksum)
+          end
         else
           RemoteSpecification.new(name, version, platform, self)
         end
@@ -152,22 +153,10 @@ module Bundler
 
       index
     rescue CertificateFailureError
-      Bundler.ui.info "" if gem_names && use_api # newline after dots
+      Bundler.ui.info "" if gem_names && api_fetcher? # newline after dots
       raise
     end
 
-    def use_api
-      return @use_api if defined?(@use_api)
-
-      fetchers.shift until fetchers.first.available?
-
-      @use_api = if remote_uri.scheme == "file" || Bundler::Fetcher.disable_endpoint
-        false
-      else
-        fetchers.first.api_fetcher?
-      end
-    end
-
     def user_agent
       @user_agent ||= begin
         ruby = Bundler::RubyVersion.system
@@ -203,10 +192,6 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    def fetchers
-      @fetchers ||= FETCHERS.map {|f| f.new(downloader, @remote, uri) }
-    end
-
     def http_proxy
       return unless uri = connection.proxy_uri
       uri.to_s
@@ -216,25 +201,49 @@ module Bundler
       "#<#{self.class}:0x#{object_id} uri=#{uri}>"
     end
 
+    def api_fetcher?
+      fetchers.first.api_fetcher?
+    end
+
+    def gem_remote_fetcher
+      @gem_remote_fetcher ||= begin
+        require_relative "fetcher/gem_remote_fetcher"
+        fetcher = GemRemoteFetcher.new Gem.configuration[:http_proxy]
+        fetcher.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent
+        fetcher.headers["X-Gemfile-Source"] = @remote.original_uri.to_s if @remote.original_uri
+        fetcher
+      end
+    end
+
     private
 
-    FETCHERS = [CompactIndex, Dependency, Index].freeze
+    def available_fetchers
+      if Bundler::Fetcher.disable_endpoint
+        [Index]
+      elsif remote_uri.scheme == "file"
+        Bundler.ui.debug("Using a local server, bundler won't use the CompactIndex API")
+        [Index]
+      else
+        [CompactIndex, Dependency, Index]
+      end
+    end
+
+    def fetchers
+      @fetchers ||= available_fetchers.map {|f| f.new(downloader, @remote, uri, gem_remote_fetcher) }.drop_while {|f| !f.available? }
+    end
+
+    def fetch_specs(gem_names)
+      fetchers.reject!(&:api_fetcher?) unless gem_names
+      fetchers.reject! do |f|
+        specs = f.specs(gem_names)
+        return specs if specs
+        true
+      end
+      []
+    end
 
     def cis
-      env_cis = {
-        "TRAVIS" => "travis",
-        "CIRCLECI" => "circle",
-        "SEMAPHORE" => "semaphore",
-        "JENKINS_URL" => "jenkins",
-        "BUILDBOX" => "buildbox",
-        "GO_SERVER_URL" => "go",
-        "SNAP_CI" => "snap",
-        "GITLAB_CI" => "gitlab",
-        "GITHUB_ACTIONS" => "github",
-        "CI_NAME" => ENV["CI_NAME"],
-        "CI" => "ci",
-      }
-      env_cis.find_all {|env, _| ENV[env] }.map {|_, ci| ci }
+      @cis ||= Bundler::CIDetector.ci_strings
     end
 
     def connection
@@ -244,9 +253,9 @@ module Bundler
                     Bundler.settings[:ssl_client_cert]
         raise SSLError if needs_ssl && !defined?(OpenSSL::SSL)
 
-        con = PersistentHTTP.new :name => "bundler", :proxy => :ENV
+        con = Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent.new name: "bundler", proxy: :ENV
         if gem_proxy = Gem.configuration[:http_proxy]
-          con.proxy = Bundler::URI.parse(gem_proxy) if gem_proxy != :no_proxy
+          con.proxy = Gem::URI.parse(gem_proxy) if gem_proxy != :no_proxy
         end
 
         if remote_uri.scheme == "https"
@@ -279,10 +288,10 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     HTTP_ERRORS = [
-      Timeout::Error, EOFError, SocketError, Errno::ENETDOWN, Errno::ENETUNREACH,
+      Gem::Timeout::Error, EOFError, SocketError, Errno::ENETDOWN, Errno::ENETUNREACH,
       Errno::EINVAL, Errno::ECONNRESET, Errno::ETIMEDOUT, Errno::EAGAIN,
-      Net::HTTPBadResponse, Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, Net::ProtocolError,
-      PersistentHTTP::Error, Zlib::BufError, Errno::EHOSTUNREACH
+      Gem::Net::HTTPBadResponse, Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, Gem::Net::ProtocolError,
+      Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Error, Zlib::BufError, Errno::EHOSTUNREACH
     ].freeze
 
     def bundler_cert_store
@@ -298,6 +307,7 @@ module Bundler
         end
       else
         store.set_default_paths
+        require "rubygems/request"
         Gem::Request.get_cert_files.each {|c| store.add_file c }
       end
       store
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher/base.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher/base.rb
index 62cc75add8..cfec2f8e94 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/fetcher/base.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher/base.rb
@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@ module Bundler
       attr_reader :downloader
       attr_reader :display_uri
       attr_reader :remote
+      attr_reader :gem_remote_fetcher
 
-      def initialize(downloader, remote, display_uri)
+      def initialize(downloader, remote, display_uri, gem_remote_fetcher)
         raise "Abstract class" if self.class == Base
         @downloader = downloader
         @remote = remote
         @display_uri = display_uri
+        @gem_remote_fetcher = gem_remote_fetcher
       end
 
       def remote_uri
@@ -38,9 +40,9 @@ module Bundler
 
       private
 
-      def log_specs(debug_msg)
+      def log_specs(&block)
         if Bundler.ui.debug?
-          Bundler.ui.debug debug_msg
+          Bundler.ui.debug yield
         else
           Bundler.ui.info ".", false
         end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher/compact_index.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher/compact_index.rb
index b23176588f..db914839b1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/fetcher/compact_index.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher/compact_index.rb
@@ -12,17 +12,15 @@ module Bundler
         method = instance_method(method_name)
         undef_method(method_name)
         define_method(method_name) do |*args, &blk|
-          begin
-            method.bind(self).call(*args, &blk)
-          rescue NetworkDownError, CompactIndexClient::Updater::MisMatchedChecksumError => e
-            raise HTTPError, e.message
-          rescue AuthenticationRequiredError
-            # Fail since we got a 401 from the server.
-            raise
-          rescue HTTPError => e
-            Bundler.ui.trace(e)
-            nil
-          end
+          method.bind(self).call(*args, &blk)
+        rescue NetworkDownError, CompactIndexClient::Updater::MismatchedChecksumError => e
+          raise HTTPError, e.message
+        rescue AuthenticationRequiredError, BadAuthenticationError
+          # Fail since we got a 401 from the server.
+          raise
+        rescue HTTPError => e
+          Bundler.ui.trace(e)
+          nil
         end
       end
 
@@ -37,21 +35,21 @@ module Bundler
         remaining_gems = gem_names.dup
 
         until remaining_gems.empty?
-          log_specs "Looking up gems #{remaining_gems.inspect}"
+          log_specs { "Looking up gems #{remaining_gems.inspect}" }
 
           deps = begin
                    parallel_compact_index_client.dependencies(remaining_gems)
                  rescue TooManyRequestsError
-                   @bundle_worker.stop if @bundle_worker
+                   @bundle_worker&.stop
                    @bundle_worker = nil # reset it.  Not sure if necessary
                    serial_compact_index_client.dependencies(remaining_gems)
                  end
-          next_gems = deps.map {|d| d[3].map(&:first).flatten(1) }.flatten(1).uniq
+          next_gems = deps.flat_map {|d| d[3].flat_map(&:first) }.uniq
           deps.each {|dep| gem_info << dep }
           complete_gems.concat(deps.map(&:first)).uniq!
           remaining_gems = next_gems - complete_gems
         end
-        @bundle_worker.stop if @bundle_worker
+        @bundle_worker&.stop
         @bundle_worker = nil # reset it.  Not sure if necessary
 
         gem_info
@@ -62,13 +60,9 @@ module Bundler
           Bundler.ui.debug("FIPS mode is enabled, bundler can't use the CompactIndex API")
           return nil
         end
-        if fetch_uri.scheme == "file"
-          Bundler.ui.debug("Using a local server, bundler won't use the CompactIndex API")
-          return false
-        end
         # Read info file checksums out of /versions, so we can know if gems are up to date
         compact_index_client.update_and_parse_checksums!
-      rescue CompactIndexClient::Updater::MisMatchedChecksumError => e
+      rescue CompactIndexClient::Updater::MismatchedChecksumError => e
         Bundler.ui.debug(e.message)
         nil
       end
@@ -127,7 +121,7 @@ module Bundler
         rescue NetworkDownError => e
           raise unless Bundler.feature_flag.allow_offline_install? && headers["If-None-Match"]
           ui.warn "Using the cached data for the new index because of a network error: #{e}"
-          Net::HTTPNotModified.new(nil, nil, nil)
+          Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified.new(nil, nil, nil)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher/dependency.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher/dependency.rb
index c52c32fb5b..0b807c9a4b 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/fetcher/dependency.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher/dependency.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ module Bundler
       def specs(gem_names, full_dependency_list = [], last_spec_list = [])
         query_list = gem_names.uniq - full_dependency_list
 
-        log_specs "Query List: #{query_list.inspect}"
+        log_specs { "Query List: #{query_list.inspect}" }
 
         return last_spec_list if query_list.empty?
 
@@ -34,14 +34,10 @@ module Bundler
 
         returned_gems = spec_list.map(&:first).uniq
         specs(deps_list, full_dependency_list + returned_gems, spec_list + last_spec_list)
-      rescue MarshalError
+      rescue MarshalError, HTTPError, GemspecError
         Bundler.ui.info "" unless Bundler.ui.debug? # new line now that the dots are over
         Bundler.ui.debug "could not fetch from the dependency API, trying the full index"
         nil
-      rescue HTTPError, GemspecError
-        Bundler.ui.info "" unless Bundler.ui.debug? # new line now that the dots are over
-        Bundler.ui.debug "could not fetch from the dependency API\nit's suggested to retry using the full index via `bundle install --full-index`"
-        nil
       end
 
       def dependency_specs(gem_names)
@@ -55,7 +51,7 @@ module Bundler
         gem_list = []
         gem_names.each_slice(Source::Rubygems::API_REQUEST_SIZE) do |names|
           marshalled_deps = downloader.fetch(dependency_api_uri(names)).body
-          gem_list.concat(Bundler.load_marshal(marshalled_deps))
+          gem_list.concat(Bundler.safe_load_marshal(marshalled_deps))
         end
         gem_list
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher/downloader.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher/downloader.rb
index 0a668eb17c..868b39b959 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/fetcher/downloader.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher/downloader.rb
@@ -20,31 +20,35 @@ module Bundler
         Bundler.ui.debug("HTTP #{response.code} #{response.message} #{filtered_uri}")
 
         case response
-        when Net::HTTPSuccess, Net::HTTPNotModified
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess, Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified
           response
-        when Net::HTTPRedirection
-          new_uri = Bundler::URI.parse(response["location"])
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPRedirection
+          new_uri = Gem::URI.parse(response["location"])
           if new_uri.host == uri.host
             new_uri.user = uri.user
             new_uri.password = uri.password
           end
           fetch(new_uri, headers, counter + 1)
-        when Net::HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable
           new_headers = headers.dup
           new_headers.delete("Range")
           new_headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "gzip"
           fetch(uri, new_headers)
-        when Net::HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge
           raise FallbackError, response.body
-        when Net::HTTPTooManyRequests
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPTooManyRequests
           raise TooManyRequestsError, response.body
-        when Net::HTTPUnauthorized
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPUnauthorized
           raise BadAuthenticationError, uri.host if uri.userinfo
           raise AuthenticationRequiredError, uri.host
-        when Net::HTTPNotFound
-          raise FallbackError, "Net::HTTPNotFound: #{filtered_uri}"
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPForbidden
+          raise AuthenticationForbiddenError, uri.host
+        when Gem::Net::HTTPNotFound
+          raise FallbackError, "Gem::Net::HTTPNotFound: #{filtered_uri}"
         else
-          raise HTTPError, "#{response.class}#{": #{response.body}" unless response.body.empty?}"
+          message = "Gem::#{response.class.name.gsub(/\AGem::/, "")}"
+          message += ": #{response.body}" unless response.body.empty?
+          raise HTTPError, message
         end
       end
 
@@ -54,16 +58,13 @@ module Bundler
         filtered_uri = URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(uri)
 
         Bundler.ui.debug "HTTP GET #{filtered_uri}"
-        req = Net::HTTP::Get.new uri.request_uri, headers
+        req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new uri.request_uri, headers
         if uri.user
           user = CGI.unescape(uri.user)
           password = uri.password ? CGI.unescape(uri.password) : nil
           req.basic_auth(user, password)
         end
         connection.request(uri, req)
-      rescue NoMethodError => e
-        raise unless ["undefined method", "use_ssl="].all? {|snippet| e.message.include? snippet }
-        raise LoadError.new("cannot load such file -- openssl")
       rescue OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError
         raise CertificateFailureError.new(uri)
       rescue *HTTP_ERRORS => e
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ module Bundler
       private
 
       def validate_uri_scheme!(uri)
-        return if uri.scheme =~ /\Ahttps?\z/
+        return if /\Ahttps?\z/.match?(uri.scheme)
         raise InvalidOption,
           "The request uri `#{uri}` has an invalid scheme (`#{uri.scheme}`). " \
           "Did you mean `http` or `https`?"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher/gem_remote_fetcher.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher/gem_remote_fetcher.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fc7b68263
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher/gem_remote_fetcher.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "rubygems/remote_fetcher"
+
+module Bundler
+  class Fetcher
+    class GemRemoteFetcher < Gem::RemoteFetcher
+      def request(*args)
+        super do |req|
+          req.delete("User-Agent") if headers["User-Agent"]
+          yield req if block_given?
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/fetcher/index.rb b/lib/bundler/fetcher/index.rb
index 6bb9fcc193..6e37e1e5d1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/fetcher/index.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/fetcher/index.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Bundler
   class Fetcher
     class Index < Base
       def specs(_gem_names)
-        Bundler.rubygems.fetch_all_remote_specs(remote)
+        Bundler.rubygems.fetch_all_remote_specs(remote, gem_remote_fetcher)
       rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
         case e.message
         when /certificate verify failed/
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ module Bundler
           raise BadAuthenticationError, remote_uri if remote_uri.userinfo
           raise AuthenticationRequiredError, remote_uri
         when /403/
-          raise BadAuthenticationError, remote_uri if remote_uri.userinfo
-          raise AuthenticationRequiredError, remote_uri
+          raise AuthenticationForbiddenError, remote_uri
         else
           raise HTTPError, "Could not fetch specs from #{display_uri} due to underlying error <#{e.message}>"
         end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/force_platform.rb b/lib/bundler/force_platform.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..249a24ecd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/force_platform.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  module ForcePlatform
+    private
+
+    # The `:force_ruby_platform` value used by dependencies for resolution, and
+    # by locked specifications for materialization is `false` by default, except
+    # for TruffleRuby. TruffleRuby generally needs to force the RUBY platform
+    # variant unless the name is explicitly allowlisted.
+
+    def default_force_ruby_platform
+      return false unless RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
+
+      !Gem::Platform::REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY.include?(name)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/friendly_errors.rb b/lib/bundler/friendly_errors.rb
index d0d2a6679a..e61ed64450 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/friendly_errors.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/friendly_errors.rb
@@ -32,18 +32,15 @@ module Bundler
         if Bundler.ui.debug?
           Bundler.ui.trace error
         else
-          Bundler.ui.error error.message, :wrap => true
+          Bundler.ui.error error.message, wrap: true
         end
       when Thor::Error
         Bundler.ui.error error.message
-      when LoadError
-        raise error unless error.message =~ /cannot load such file -- openssl|openssl.so|libcrypto.so/
-        Bundler.ui.error "\nCould not load OpenSSL. #{error.class}: #{error}\n#{error.backtrace.join("\n  ")}"
       when Interrupt
         Bundler.ui.error "\nQuitting..."
         Bundler.ui.trace error
       when Gem::InvalidSpecificationException
-        Bundler.ui.error error.message, :wrap => true
+        Bundler.ui.error error.message, wrap: true
       when SystemExit
       when *[defined?(Java::JavaLang::OutOfMemoryError) && Java::JavaLang::OutOfMemoryError].compact
         Bundler.ui.error "\nYour JVM has run out of memory, and Bundler cannot continue. " \
@@ -64,7 +61,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def request_issue_report_for(e)
-      Bundler.ui.error <<-EOS.gsub(/^ {8}/, ""), nil, nil
+      Bundler.ui.error <<~EOS, nil, nil
         --- ERROR REPORT TEMPLATE -------------------------------------------------------
 
         ```
@@ -78,7 +75,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       Bundler.ui.error "Unfortunately, an unexpected error occurred, and Bundler cannot continue."
 
-      Bundler.ui.error <<-EOS.gsub(/^ {8}/, ""), nil, :yellow
+      Bundler.ui.error <<~EOS, nil, :yellow
 
         First, try this link to see if there are any existing issue reports for this error:
         #{issues_url(e)}
@@ -96,9 +93,9 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def serialized_exception_for(e)
-      <<-EOS.gsub(/^ {8}/, "")
+      <<~EOS
         #{e.class}: #{e.message}
-          #{e.backtrace && e.backtrace.join("\n          ").chomp}
+          #{e.backtrace&.join("\n          ")&.chomp}
       EOS
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/gem_helper.rb b/lib/bundler/gem_helper.rb
index 0bbd2d9b75..d535d54f9b 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/gem_helper.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/gem_helper.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       def gemspec(&block)
         gemspec = instance.gemspec
-        block.call(gemspec) if block
+        block&.call(gemspec)
         gemspec
       end
     end
@@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def gem_push_host
       env_rubygems_host = ENV["RUBYGEMS_HOST"]
-      env_rubygems_host = nil if
-        env_rubygems_host && env_rubygems_host.empty?
+      env_rubygems_host = nil if env_rubygems_host&.empty?
 
       allowed_push_host || env_rubygems_host || "rubygems.org"
     end
@@ -216,9 +215,9 @@ module Bundler
     def sh_with_status(cmd, &block)
       Bundler.ui.debug(cmd)
       SharedHelpers.chdir(base) do
-        outbuf = IO.popen(cmd, :err => [:child, :out], &:read)
+        outbuf = IO.popen(cmd, err: [:child, :out], &:read)
         status = $?
-        block.call(outbuf) if status.success? && block
+        block&.call(outbuf) if status.success?
         [outbuf, status]
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/gem_helpers.rb b/lib/bundler/gem_helpers.rb
index 0d50d8687b..de007523ec 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/gem_helpers.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/gem_helpers.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ module Bundler
     GENERIC_CACHE = { Gem::Platform::RUBY => Gem::Platform::RUBY } # rubocop:disable Style/MutableConstant
     GENERICS = [
       [Gem::Platform.new("java"), Gem::Platform.new("java")],
-      [Gem::Platform.new("universal-java"), Gem::Platform.new("java")],
       [Gem::Platform.new("mswin32"), Gem::Platform.new("mswin32")],
       [Gem::Platform.new("mswin64"), Gem::Platform.new("mswin64")],
       [Gem::Platform.new("universal-mingw32"), Gem::Platform.new("universal-mingw32")],
@@ -35,6 +34,11 @@ module Bundler
     end
     module_function :local_platform
 
+    def generic_local_platform_is_ruby?
+      generic_local_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+    end
+    module_function :generic_local_platform_is_ruby?
+
     def platform_specificity_match(spec_platform, user_platform)
       spec_platform = Gem::Platform.new(spec_platform)
 
@@ -49,6 +53,13 @@ module Bundler
     end
     module_function :select_best_platform_match
 
+    def force_ruby_platform(specs)
+      matching = specs.select {|spec| spec.match_platform(Gem::Platform::RUBY) && spec.force_ruby_platform! }
+
+      sort_best_platform_match(matching, Gem::Platform::RUBY)
+    end
+    module_function :force_ruby_platform
+
     def sort_best_platform_match(matching, platform)
       exact = matching.select {|spec| spec.platform == platform }
       return exact if exact.any?
@@ -108,8 +119,6 @@ module Bundler
 
     def same_deps(spec, exemplary_spec)
       same_runtime_deps = spec.dependencies.sort == exemplary_spec.dependencies.sort
-      return same_runtime_deps unless spec.is_a?(Gem::Specification) && exemplary_spec.is_a?(Gem::Specification)
-
       same_metadata_deps = spec.required_ruby_version == exemplary_spec.required_ruby_version && spec.required_rubygems_version == exemplary_spec.required_rubygems_version
       same_runtime_deps && same_metadata_deps
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/gem_version_promoter.rb b/lib/bundler/gem_version_promoter.rb
index ddf7446dd2..ecc65b4956 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/gem_version_promoter.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/gem_version_promoter.rb
@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ module Bundler
   # available dependency versions as found in its index, before returning it to
   # to the resolution engine to select the best version.
   class GemVersionPromoter
-    DEBUG = ENV["BUNDLER_DEBUG_RESOLVER"] || ENV["DEBUG_RESOLVER"]
-
-    attr_reader :level, :locked_specs, :unlock_gems
+    attr_reader :level
+    attr_accessor :pre
 
     # By default, strict is false, meaning every available version of a gem
     # is returned from sort_versions. The order gives preference to the
     # requested level (:patch, :minor, :major) but in complicated requirement
-    # cases some gems will by necessity by promoted past the requested level,
+    # cases some gems will by necessity be promoted past the requested level,
     # or even reverted to older versions.
     #
     # If strict is set to true, the results from sort_versions will be
@@ -24,24 +23,13 @@ module Bundler
     # existing in the referenced source.
     attr_accessor :strict
 
-    attr_accessor :prerelease_specified
-
-    # Given a list of locked_specs and a list of gems to unlock creates a
-    # GemVersionPromoter instance.
+    # Creates a GemVersionPromoter instance.
     #
-    # @param locked_specs [SpecSet] All current locked specs. Unlike Definition
-    #   where this list is empty if all gems are being updated, this should
-    #   always be populated for all gems so this class can properly function.
-    # @param unlock_gems [String] List of gem names being unlocked. If empty,
-    #   all gems will be considered unlocked.
     # @return [GemVersionPromoter]
-    def initialize(locked_specs = SpecSet.new([]), unlock_gems = [])
+    def initialize
       @level = :major
       @strict = false
-      @locked_specs = locked_specs
-      @unlock_gems = unlock_gems
-      @sort_versions = {}
-      @prerelease_specified = {}
+      @pre = false
     end
 
     # @param value [Symbol] One of three Symbols: :major, :minor or :patch.
@@ -55,41 +43,39 @@ module Bundler
       @level = v
     end
 
-    # Given a Dependency and an Array of SpecGroups of available versions for a
-    # gem, this method will return the Array of SpecGroups sorted (and possibly
-    # truncated if strict is true) in an order to give preference to the current
-    # level (:major, :minor or :patch) when resolution is deciding what versions
-    # best resolve all dependencies in the bundle.
-    # @param dep [Dependency] The Dependency of the gem.
-    # @param spec_groups [SpecGroup] An array of SpecGroups for the same gem
-    #    named in the @dep param.
-    # @return [SpecGroup] A new instance of the SpecGroup Array sorted and
-    #    possibly filtered.
-    def sort_versions(dep, spec_groups)
-      before_result = "before sort_versions: #{debug_format_result(dep, spec_groups).inspect}" if DEBUG
-
-      @sort_versions[dep] ||= begin
-        gem_name = dep.name
-
-        # An Array per version returned, different entries for different platforms.
-        # We only need the version here so it's ok to hard code this to the first instance.
-        locked_spec = locked_specs[gem_name].first
-
-        if strict
-          filter_dep_specs(spec_groups, locked_spec)
+    # Given a Resolver::Package and an Array of Specifications of available
+    # versions for a gem, this method will return the Array of Specifications
+    # sorted in an order to give preference to the current level (:major, :minor
+    # or :patch) when resolution is deciding what versions best resolve all
+    # dependencies in the bundle.
+    # @param package [Resolver::Package] The package being resolved.
+    # @param specs [Specification] An array of Specifications for the package.
+    # @return [Specification] A new instance of the Specification Array sorted.
+    def sort_versions(package, specs)
+      locked_version = package.locked_version
+
+      result = specs.sort do |a, b|
+        unless package.prerelease_specified? || pre?
+          a_pre = a.prerelease?
+          b_pre = b.prerelease?
+
+          next 1 if a_pre && !b_pre
+          next -1 if b_pre && !a_pre
+        end
+
+        if major? || locked_version.nil?
+          b <=> a
+        elsif either_version_older_than_locked?(a, b, locked_version)
+          b <=> a
+        elsif segments_do_not_match?(a, b, :major)
+          a <=> b
+        elsif !minor? && segments_do_not_match?(a, b, :minor)
+          a <=> b
         else
-          sort_dep_specs(spec_groups, locked_spec)
-        end.tap do |specs|
-          if DEBUG
-            puts before_result
-            puts " after sort_versions: #{debug_format_result(dep, specs).inspect}"
-          end
+          b <=> a
         end
       end
-    end
-
-    def reset
-      @sort_versions = {}
+      post_sort(result, package.unlock?, locked_version)
     end
 
     # @return [bool] Convenience method for testing value of level variable.
@@ -102,93 +88,62 @@ module Bundler
       level == :minor
     end
 
-    private
-
-    def filter_dep_specs(spec_groups, locked_spec)
-      res = spec_groups.select do |spec_group|
-        if locked_spec && !major?
-          gsv = spec_group.version
-          lsv = locked_spec.version
-
-          must_match = minor? ? [0] : [0, 1]
-
-          matches = must_match.map {|idx| gsv.segments[idx] == lsv.segments[idx] }
-          matches.uniq == [true] ? (gsv >= lsv) : false
-        else
-          true
-        end
-      end
-
-      sort_dep_specs(res, locked_spec)
+    # @return [bool] Convenience method for testing value of pre variable.
+    def pre?
+      pre == true
     end
 
-    def sort_dep_specs(spec_groups, locked_spec)
-      return spec_groups unless locked_spec
-      @gem_name = locked_spec.name
-      @locked_version = locked_spec.version
+    # Given a Resolver::Package and an Array of Specifications of available
+    # versions for a gem, this method will truncate the Array if strict
+    # is true. That means filtering out downgrades from the version currently
+    # locked, and filtering out upgrades that go past the selected level (major,
+    # minor, or patch).
+    # @param package [Resolver::Package] The package being resolved.
+    # @param specs [Specification] An array of Specifications for the package.
+    # @return [Specification] A new instance of the Specification Array
+    #   truncated.
+    def filter_versions(package, specs)
+      return specs unless strict
 
-      result = spec_groups.sort do |a, b|
-        @a_ver = a.version
-        @b_ver = b.version
+      locked_version = package.locked_version
+      return specs if locked_version.nil? || major?
 
-        unless @prerelease_specified[@gem_name]
-          a_pre = @a_ver.prerelease?
-          b_pre = @b_ver.prerelease?
+      specs.select do |spec|
+        gsv = spec.version
 
-          next -1 if a_pre && !b_pre
-          next  1 if b_pre && !a_pre
-        end
+        must_match = minor? ? [0] : [0, 1]
 
-        if major?
-          @a_ver <=> @b_ver
-        elsif either_version_older_than_locked
-          @a_ver <=> @b_ver
-        elsif segments_do_not_match(:major)
-          @b_ver <=> @a_ver
-        elsif !minor? && segments_do_not_match(:minor)
-          @b_ver <=> @a_ver
-        else
-          @a_ver <=> @b_ver
-        end
+        all_match = must_match.all? {|idx| gsv.segments[idx] == locked_version.segments[idx] }
+        all_match && gsv >= locked_version
       end
-      post_sort(result)
     end
 
-    def either_version_older_than_locked
-      @a_ver < @locked_version || @b_ver < @locked_version
-    end
+    private
 
-    def segments_do_not_match(level)
-      index = [:major, :minor].index(level)
-      @a_ver.segments[index] != @b_ver.segments[index]
+    def either_version_older_than_locked?(a, b, locked_version)
+      a.version < locked_version || b.version < locked_version
     end
 
-    def unlocking_gem?
-      unlock_gems.empty? || unlock_gems.include?(@gem_name)
+    def segments_do_not_match?(a, b, level)
+      index = [:major, :minor].index(level)
+      a.segments[index] != b.segments[index]
     end
 
     # Specific version moves can't always reliably be done during sorting
     # as not all elements are compared against each other.
-    def post_sort(result)
+    def post_sort(result, unlock, locked_version)
       # default :major behavior in Bundler does not do this
       return result if major?
-      if unlocking_gem?
+      if unlock || locked_version.nil?
         result
       else
-        move_version_to_end(result, @locked_version)
+        move_version_to_beginning(result, locked_version)
       end
     end
 
-    def move_version_to_end(result, version)
+    def move_version_to_beginning(result, version)
       move, keep = result.partition {|s| s.version.to_s == version.to_s }
-      keep.concat(move)
-    end
-
-    def debug_format_result(dep, spec_groups)
-      a = [dep.to_s,
-           spec_groups.map {|sg| [sg.version, sg.dependencies_for_activated_platforms.map {|dp| [dp.name, dp.requirement.to_s] }] }]
-      last_map = a.last.map {|sg_data| [sg_data.first.version, sg_data.last.map {|aa| aa.join(" ") }] }
-      [a.first, last_map, level, strict ? :strict : :not_strict]
+      move.concat(keep)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/graph.rb b/lib/bundler/graph.rb
index 8f52e2f0f0..b22b17a453 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/graph.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/graph.rb
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ module Bundler
       else
         raise ArgumentError, "2nd argument is invalid"
       end
-      label.nil? ? {} : { :label => label }
+      label.nil? ? {} : { label: label }
     end
 
     def spec_for_dependency(dependency)
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def g
-        @g ||= ::GraphViz.digraph(@graph_name, :concentrate => true, :normalize => true, :nodesep => 0.55) do |g|
+        @g ||= ::GraphViz.digraph(@graph_name, concentrate: true, normalize: true, nodesep: 0.55) do |g|
           g.edge[:weight]   = 2
           g.edge[:fontname] = g.node[:fontname] = "Arial, Helvetica, SansSerif"
           g.edge[:fontsize] = 12
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ module Bundler
         @groups.each do |group|
           g.add_nodes(
             group, {
-              :style     => "filled",
-              :fillcolor => "#B9B9D5",
-              :shape     => "box3d",
-              :fontsize  => 16,
+              style: "filled",
+              fillcolor: "#B9B9D5",
+              shape: "box3d",
+              fontsize: 16,
             }.merge(@node_options[group])
           )
         end
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ module Bundler
         @relations.each do |parent, children|
           children.each do |child|
             if @groups.include?(parent)
-              g.add_nodes(child, { :style => "filled", :fillcolor => "#B9B9D5" }.merge(@node_options[child]))
-              g.add_edges(parent, child, { :constraint => false }.merge(@edge_options["#{parent}_#{child}"]))
+              g.add_nodes(child, { style: "filled", fillcolor: "#B9B9D5" }.merge(@node_options[child]))
+              g.add_edges(parent, child, { constraint: false }.merge(@edge_options["#{parent}_#{child}"]))
             else
               g.add_nodes(child, @node_options[child])
               g.add_edges(parent, child, @edge_options["#{parent}_#{child}"])
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         if @output_format.to_s == "debug"
-          $stdout.puts g.output :none => String
+          $stdout.puts g.output none: String
           Bundler.ui.info "debugging bundle viz..."
         else
           begin
diff --git a/lib/bundler/index.rb b/lib/bundler/index.rb
index 00c7a9e00d..df46facc88 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/index.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/index.rb
@@ -10,30 +10,30 @@ module Bundler
       i
     end
 
-    attr_reader :specs, :all_specs, :sources
-    protected :specs, :all_specs
+    attr_reader :specs, :duplicates, :sources
+    protected :specs, :duplicates
 
-    RUBY = "ruby".freeze
-    NULL = "\0".freeze
+    RUBY = "ruby"
+    NULL = "\0"
 
     def initialize
       @sources = []
       @cache = {}
-      @specs = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = {} }
-      @all_specs = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = EMPTY_SEARCH }
+      @specs = {}
+      @duplicates = {}
     end
 
     def initialize_copy(o)
       @sources = o.sources.dup
       @cache = {}
-      @specs = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = {} }
-      @all_specs = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = EMPTY_SEARCH }
+      @specs = {}
+      @duplicates = {}
 
       o.specs.each do |name, hash|
         @specs[name] = hash.dup
       end
-      o.all_specs.each do |name, array|
-        @all_specs[name] = array.dup
+      o.duplicates.each do |name, array|
+        @duplicates[name] = array.dup
       end
     end
 
@@ -46,66 +46,42 @@ module Bundler
       true
     end
 
-    def search_all(name)
-      all_matches = local_search(name) + @all_specs[name]
-      @sources.each do |source|
-        all_matches.concat(source.search_all(name))
-      end
-      all_matches
+    def search_all(name, &blk)
+      return enum_for(:search_all, name) unless blk
+      specs_by_name(name).each(&blk)
+      @duplicates[name]&.each(&blk)
+      @sources.each {|source| source.search_all(name, &blk) }
     end
 
     # Search this index's specs, and any source indexes that this index knows
     # about, returning all of the results.
     def search(query)
-      sort_specs(unsorted_search(query))
-    end
-
-    def unsorted_search(query)
       results = local_search(query)
-
-      seen = results.map(&:full_name).uniq unless @sources.empty?
+      return results unless @sources.any?
 
       @sources.each do |source|
-        source.unsorted_search(query).each do |spec|
-          next if seen.include?(spec.full_name)
-
-          seen << spec.full_name
-          results << spec
-        end
+        results = safe_concat(results, source.search(query))
       end
-
+      results.uniq!(&:full_name) unless results.empty? # avoid modifying frozen EMPTY_SEARCH
       results
     end
-    protected :unsorted_search
 
-    def self.sort_specs(specs)
-      specs.sort_by do |s|
-        platform_string = s.platform.to_s
-        [s.version, platform_string == RUBY ? NULL : platform_string]
-      end
-    end
-
-    def sort_specs(specs)
-      self.class.sort_specs(specs)
-    end
+    alias_method :[], :search
 
     def local_search(query)
       case query
       when Gem::Specification, RemoteSpecification, LazySpecification, EndpointSpecification then search_by_spec(query)
       when String then specs_by_name(query)
-      when Gem::Dependency then search_by_dependency(query)
-      when DepProxy then search_by_dependency(query.dep)
+      when Array then specs_by_name_and_version(*query)
       else
         raise "You can't search for a #{query.inspect}."
       end
     end
 
-    alias_method :[], :search
-
-    def <<(spec)
-      @specs[spec.name][spec.full_name] = spec
-      spec
+    def add(spec)
+      (@specs[spec.name] ||= {}).store(spec.full_name, spec)
     end
+    alias_method :<<, :add
 
     def each(&blk)
       return enum_for(:each) unless blk
@@ -139,15 +115,25 @@ module Bundler
       names.uniq
     end
 
-    def use(other, override_dupes = false)
+    # Combines indexes proritizing existing specs, like `Hash#reverse_merge!`
+    # Duplicate specs found in `other` are stored in `@duplicates`.
+    def use(other)
+      return unless other
+      other.each do |spec|
+        exist?(spec) ? add_duplicate(spec) : add(spec)
+      end
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Combines indexes proritizing specs from `other`, like `Hash#merge!`
+    # Duplicate specs found in `self` are saved in `@duplicates`.
+    def merge!(other)
       return unless other
-      other.each do |s|
-        if (dupes = search_by_spec(s)) && !dupes.empty?
-          # safe to << since it's a new array when it has contents
-          @all_specs[s.name] = dupes << s
-          next unless override_dupes
+      other.each do |spec|
+        if existing = find_by_spec(spec)
+          add_duplicate(existing)
         end
-        self << s
+        add spec
       end
       self
     end
@@ -159,8 +145,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     # Whether all the specs in self are in other
-    # TODO: rename to #include?
-    def ==(other)
+    def subset?(other)
       all? do |spec|
         other_spec = other[spec].first
         other_spec && dependencies_eql?(spec, other_spec) && spec.source == other_spec.source
@@ -181,27 +166,40 @@ module Bundler
 
     private
 
-    def specs_by_name(name)
-      @specs[name].values
+    def safe_concat(a, b)
+      return a if b.empty?
+      return b if a.empty?
+      a.concat(b)
     end
 
-    def search_by_dependency(dependency)
-      @cache[dependency] ||= begin
-        specs = specs_by_name(dependency.name)
-        found = specs.select do |spec|
-          next true if spec.source.is_a?(Source::Gemspec)
-          dependency.matches_spec?(spec)
-        end
+    def add_duplicate(spec)
+      (@duplicates[spec.name] ||= []) << spec
+    end
 
-        found
-      end
+    def specs_by_name_and_version(name, version)
+      results = @specs[name]&.values
+      return EMPTY_SEARCH unless results
+      results.select! {|spec| spec.version == version }
+      results
+    end
+
+    def specs_by_name(name)
+      @specs[name]&.values || EMPTY_SEARCH
     end
 
     EMPTY_SEARCH = [].freeze
 
     def search_by_spec(spec)
-      spec = @specs[spec.name][spec.full_name]
+      spec = find_by_spec(spec)
       spec ? [spec] : EMPTY_SEARCH
     end
+
+    def find_by_spec(spec)
+      @specs[spec.name]&.fetch(spec.full_name, nil)
+    end
+
+    def exist?(spec)
+      @specs[spec.name]&.key?(spec.full_name)
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/injector.rb b/lib/bundler/injector.rb
index f6550abe88..cf561c2ee4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/injector.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/injector.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 module Bundler
   class Injector
-    INJECTED_GEMS = "injected gems".freeze
+    INJECTED_GEMS = "injected gems"
 
     def self.inject(new_deps, options = {})
       injector = new(new_deps, options)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       # temporarily unfreeze
-      Bundler.settings.temporary(:deployment => false, :frozen => false) do
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(deployment: false, frozen: false) do
         # evaluate the Gemfile we have now
         builder = Dsl.new
         builder.eval_gemfile(gemfile_path)
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ module Bundler
         append_to(gemfile_path, build_gem_lines(@options[:conservative_versioning])) if @deps.any?
 
         # since we resolved successfully, write out the lockfile
-        @definition.lock(Bundler.default_lockfile)
+        @definition.lock
 
         # invalidate the cached Bundler.definition
         Bundler.reset_paths!
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ module Bundler
 
         show_warning("No gems were removed from the gemfile.") if deps.empty?
 
-        deps.each {|dep| Bundler.ui.confirm "#{SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(dep, false)} was removed." }
+        deps.each {|dep| Bundler.ui.confirm "#{SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(dep)} was removed." }
       end
 
       # Invalidate the cached Bundler.definition.
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ module Bundler
       segments = version.segments
       seg_end_index = version >= Gem::Version.new("1.0") ? 1 : 2
 
-      prerelease_suffix = version.to_s.gsub(version.release.to_s, "") if version.prerelease?
+      prerelease_suffix = version.to_s.delete_prefix(version.release.to_s) if version.prerelease?
       "#{version_prefix}#{segments[0..seg_end_index].join(".")}#{prerelease_suffix}"
     end
 
@@ -115,13 +115,14 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         source = ", :source => \"#{d.source}\"" unless d.source.nil?
+        path = ", :path => \"#{d.path}\"" unless d.path.nil?
         git = ", :git => \"#{d.git}\"" unless d.git.nil?
         github = ", :github => \"#{d.github}\"" unless d.github.nil?
         branch = ", :branch => \"#{d.branch}\"" unless d.branch.nil?
         ref = ", :ref => \"#{d.ref}\"" unless d.ref.nil?
         require_path = ", :require => #{convert_autorequire(d.autorequire)}" unless d.autorequire.nil?
 
-        %(gem #{name}#{requirement}#{group}#{source}#{git}#{github}#{branch}#{ref}#{require_path})
+        %(gem #{name}#{requirement}#{group}#{source}#{path}#{git}#{github}#{branch}#{ref}#{require_path})
       end.join("\n")
     end
 
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@ module Bundler
 
         gemfile.each_with_index do |line, index|
           next unless !line.nil? && line.strip.start_with?(block_name)
-          if gemfile[index + 1] =~ /^\s*end\s*$/
+          if /^\s*end\s*$/.match?(gemfile[index + 1])
             gemfile[index] = nil
             gemfile[index + 1] = nil
           end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/inline.rb b/lib/bundler/inline.rb
index 25e055fbe4..ae4ccf2138 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/inline.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/inline.rb
@@ -31,15 +31,16 @@
 #
 def gemfile(install = false, options = {}, &gemfile)
   require_relative "../bundler"
+  Bundler.reset!
 
   opts = options.dup
   ui = opts.delete(:ui) { Bundler::UI::Shell.new }
-  ui.level = "silent" if opts.delete(:quiet)
+  ui.level = "silent" if opts.delete(:quiet) || !install
+  Bundler.ui = ui
   raise ArgumentError, "Unknown options: #{opts.keys.join(", ")}" unless opts.empty?
 
-  begin
+  Bundler.with_unbundled_env do
     Bundler.instance_variable_set(:@bundle_path, Pathname.new(Gem.dir))
-    old_gemfile = ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"]
     Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLE_GEMFILE", "Gemfile"
 
     Bundler::Plugin.gemfile_install(&gemfile) if Bundler.feature_flag.plugins?
@@ -47,15 +48,14 @@ def gemfile(install = false, options = {}, &gemfile)
     builder.instance_eval(&gemfile)
     builder.check_primary_source_safety
 
-    Bundler.settings.temporary(:deployment => false, :frozen => false) do
+    Bundler.settings.temporary(deployment: false, frozen: false) do
       definition = builder.to_definition(nil, true)
       def definition.lock(*); end
       definition.validate_runtime!
 
-      Bundler.ui = install ? ui : Bundler::UI::Silent.new
       if install || definition.missing_specs?
-        Bundler.settings.temporary(:inline => true, :no_install => false) do
-          installer = Bundler::Installer.install(Bundler.root, definition, :system => true)
+        Bundler.settings.temporary(inline: true, no_install: false) do
+          installer = Bundler::Installer.install(Bundler.root, definition, system: true)
           installer.post_install_messages.each do |name, message|
             Bundler.ui.info "Post-install message from #{name}:\n#{message}"
           end
@@ -65,11 +65,9 @@ def gemfile(install = false, options = {}, &gemfile)
       runtime = Bundler::Runtime.new(nil, definition)
       runtime.setup.require
     end
-  ensure
-    if old_gemfile
-      ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = old_gemfile
-    else
-      ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = ""
-    end
+  end
+
+  if ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"].nil?
+    ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = ""
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/installer.rb b/lib/bundler/installer.rb
index 1b17de5d4e..018324f840 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/installer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/installer.rb
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ module Bundler
 
         Gem::Specification.reset # invalidate gem specification cache so that installed gems are immediately available
 
-        lock unless Bundler.frozen_bundle?
+        lock
         Standalone.new(options[:standalone], @definition).generate if options[:standalone]
       end
     end
@@ -136,16 +136,12 @@ module Bundler
 
         mode = Gem.win_platform? ? "wb:UTF-8" : "w"
         require "erb"
-        content = if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.6"
-          ERB.new(template, :trim_mode => "-").result(binding)
-        else
-          ERB.new(template, nil, "-").result(binding)
-        end
+        content = ERB.new(template, trim_mode: "-").result(binding)
 
-        File.write(binstub_path, content, :mode => mode, :perm => 0o777 & ~File.umask)
+        File.write(binstub_path, content, mode: mode, perm: 0o777 & ~File.umask)
         if Gem.win_platform? || options[:all_platforms]
           prefix = "@ruby -x \"%~f0\" %*\n@exit /b %ERRORLEVEL%\n\n"
-          File.write("#{binstub_path}.cmd", prefix + content, :mode => mode)
+          File.write("#{binstub_path}.cmd", prefix + content, mode: mode)
         end
       end
 
@@ -183,16 +179,12 @@ module Bundler
 
         mode = Gem.win_platform? ? "wb:UTF-8" : "w"
         require "erb"
-        content = if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.6"
-          ERB.new(template, :trim_mode => "-").result(binding)
-        else
-          ERB.new(template, nil, "-").result(binding)
-        end
+        content = ERB.new(template, trim_mode: "-").result(binding)
 
-        File.write("#{bin_path}/#{executable}", content, :mode => mode, :perm => 0o755)
+        File.write("#{bin_path}/#{executable}", content, mode: mode, perm: 0o755)
         if Gem.win_platform? || options[:all_platforms]
           prefix = "@ruby -x \"%~f0\" %*\n@exit /b %ERRORLEVEL%\n\n"
-          File.write("#{bin_path}/#{executable}.cmd", prefix + content, :mode => mode)
+          File.write("#{bin_path}/#{executable}.cmd", prefix + content, mode: mode)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -222,19 +214,17 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def load_plugins
-      Bundler.rubygems.load_plugins
+      Gem.load_plugins
 
       requested_path_gems = @definition.requested_specs.select {|s| s.source.is_a?(Source::Path) }
       path_plugin_files = requested_path_gems.map do |spec|
-        begin
-          Bundler.rubygems.spec_matches_for_glob(spec, "rubygems_plugin#{Bundler.rubygems.suffix_pattern}")
-        rescue TypeError
-          error_message = "#{spec.name} #{spec.version} has an invalid gemspec"
-          raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, error_message
-        end
+        Bundler.rubygems.spec_matches_for_glob(spec, "rubygems_plugin#{Bundler.rubygems.suffix_pattern}")
+      rescue TypeError
+        error_message = "#{spec.name} #{spec.version} has an invalid gemspec"
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, error_message
       end.flatten
-      Bundler.rubygems.load_plugin_files(path_plugin_files)
-      Bundler.rubygems.load_env_plugins
+      Gem.load_plugin_files(path_plugin_files)
+      Gem.load_env_plugins
     end
 
     def ensure_specs_are_compatible!
@@ -259,23 +249,19 @@ module Bundler
 
     # returns whether or not a re-resolve was needed
     def resolve_if_needed(options)
+      @definition.resolution_mode = options
+
       if !@definition.unlocking? && !options["force"] && !Bundler.settings[:inline] && Bundler.default_lockfile.file?
         return false if @definition.nothing_changed? && !@definition.missing_specs?
       end
 
-      if options["local"]
-        @definition.resolve_with_cache!
-      elsif options["prefer-local"]
-        @definition.resolve_prefering_local!
-      else
-        @definition.resolve_remotely!
-      end
+      @definition.setup_sources_for_resolve
 
       true
     end
 
-    def lock(opts = {})
-      @definition.lock(Bundler.default_lockfile, opts[:preserve_unknown_sections])
+    def lock
+      @definition.lock
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb b/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb
index 9a013eea4d..d3bbcc90f5 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ module Bundler
       post_install_message = install
       Bundler.ui.debug "#{worker}:  #{spec.name} (#{spec.version}) from #{spec.loaded_from}"
       generate_executable_stubs
-      return true, post_install_message
-    rescue Bundler::InstallHookError, Bundler::SecurityError, Bundler::APIResponseMismatchError
+      [true, post_install_message]
+    rescue Bundler::InstallHookError, Bundler::SecurityError, Bundler::APIResponseMismatchError, Bundler::InsecureInstallPathError
       raise
     rescue Errno::ENOSPC
-      return false, out_of_space_message
-    rescue Bundler::BundlerError, Gem::InstallError, Bundler::APIResponseInvalidDependenciesError => e
-      return false, specific_failure_message(e)
+      [false, out_of_space_message]
+    rescue Bundler::BundlerError, Gem::InstallError => e
+      [false, specific_failure_message(e)]
     end
 
     private
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ module Bundler
     def install
       spec.source.install(
         spec,
-        :force => force,
-        :ensure_builtin_gems_cached => standalone,
-        :build_args => Array(spec_settings),
-        :previous_spec => previous_spec,
+        force: force,
+        ensure_builtin_gems_cached: standalone,
+        build_args: Array(spec_settings),
+        previous_spec: previous_spec,
       )
     end
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ module Bundler
       if Bundler.settings[:bin] && standalone
         installer.generate_standalone_bundler_executable_stubs(spec)
       elsif Bundler.settings[:bin]
-        installer.generate_bundler_executable_stubs(spec, :force => true)
+        installer.generate_bundler_executable_stubs(spec, force: true)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb b/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb
index 5b6680e5e1..e745088f81 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb
@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       # Checks installed dependencies against spec's dependencies to make
       # sure needed dependencies have been installed.
-      def dependencies_installed?(all_specs)
-        installed_specs = all_specs.select(&:installed?).map(&:name)
+      def dependencies_installed?(installed_specs)
         dependencies.all? {|d| installed_specs.include? d.name }
       end
 
@@ -53,10 +52,6 @@ module Bundler
         @dependencies ||= all_dependencies.reject {|dep| ignorable_dependency? dep }
       end
 
-      def missing_lockfile_dependencies(all_spec_names)
-        dependencies.reject {|dep| all_spec_names.include? dep.name }
-      end
-
       # Represents all dependencies
       def all_dependencies
         @spec.dependencies
@@ -67,25 +62,26 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    def self.call(*args)
-      new(*args).call
+    def self.call(*args, **kwargs)
+      new(*args, **kwargs).call
     end
 
     attr_reader :size
 
-    def initialize(installer, all_specs, size, standalone, force)
+    def initialize(installer, all_specs, size, standalone, force, skip: nil)
       @installer = installer
       @size = size
       @standalone = standalone
       @force = force
       @specs = all_specs.map {|s| SpecInstallation.new(s) }
+      @specs.each do |spec_install|
+        spec_install.state = :installed if skip.include?(spec_install.name)
+      end if skip
       @spec_set = all_specs
-      @rake = @specs.find {|s| s.name == "rake" }
+      @rake = @specs.find {|s| s.name == "rake" unless s.installed? }
     end
 
     def call
-      check_for_corrupt_lockfile
-
       if @rake
         do_install(@rake, 0)
         Gem::Specification.reset
@@ -97,60 +93,10 @@ module Bundler
         install_serially
       end
 
-      check_for_unmet_dependencies
-
       handle_error if failed_specs.any?
       @specs
     ensure
-      worker_pool && worker_pool.stop
-    end
-
-    def check_for_unmet_dependencies
-      unmet_dependencies = @specs.map do |s|
-        [
-          s,
-          s.dependencies.reject {|dep| @specs.any? {|spec| dep.matches_spec?(spec.spec) } },
-        ]
-      end.reject {|a| a.last.empty? }
-      return if unmet_dependencies.empty?
-
-      warning = []
-      warning << "Your lockfile doesn't include a valid resolution."
-      warning << "You can fix this by regenerating your lockfile or trying to manually editing the bad locked gems to a version that satisfies all dependencies."
-      warning << "The unmet dependencies are:"
-
-      unmet_dependencies.each do |spec, unmet_spec_dependencies|
-        unmet_spec_dependencies.each do |unmet_spec_dependency|
-          warning << "* #{unmet_spec_dependency}, depended upon #{spec.full_name}, unsatisfied by #{@specs.find {|s| s.name == unmet_spec_dependency.name && !unmet_spec_dependency.matches_spec?(s.spec) }.full_name}"
-        end
-      end
-
-      Bundler.ui.warn(warning.join("\n"))
-    end
-
-    def check_for_corrupt_lockfile
-      missing_dependencies = @specs.map do |s|
-        [
-          s,
-          s.missing_lockfile_dependencies(@specs.map(&:name)),
-        ]
-      end.reject {|a| a.last.empty? }
-      return if missing_dependencies.empty?
-
-      warning = []
-      warning << "Your lockfile was created by an old Bundler that left some things out."
-      if @size != 1
-        warning << "Because of the missing DEPENDENCIES, we can only install gems one at a time, instead of installing #{@size} at a time."
-        @size = 1
-      end
-      warning << "You can fix this by adding the missing gems to your Gemfile, running bundle install, and then removing the gems from your Gemfile."
-      warning << "The missing gems are:"
-
-      missing_dependencies.each do |spec, missing|
-        warning << "* #{missing.map(&:name).join(", ")} depended upon by #{spec.name}"
-      end
-
-      Bundler.ui.warn(warning.join("\n"))
+      worker_pool&.stop
     end
 
     private
@@ -239,8 +185,14 @@ module Bundler
     # previously installed specifications. We continue until all specs
     # are installed.
     def enqueue_specs
-      @specs.select(&:ready_to_enqueue?).each do |spec|
-        if spec.dependencies_installed? @specs
+      installed_specs = {}
+      @specs.each do |spec|
+        next unless spec.installed?
+        installed_specs[spec.name] = true
+      end
+
+      @specs.each do |spec|
+        if spec.ready_to_enqueue? && spec.dependencies_installed?(installed_specs)
           spec.state = :enqueued
           worker_pool.enq spec
         end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/installer/standalone.rb b/lib/bundler/installer/standalone.rb
index 2756626f8a..5331df2e95 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/installer/standalone.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/installer/standalone.rb
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
       File.open File.join(bundler_path, "setup.rb"), "w" do |file|
         file.puts "require 'rbconfig'"
+        file.puts prevent_gem_activation
         file.puts define_path_helpers
         file.puts reverse_rubygems_kernel_mixin
         paths.each do |path|
@@ -52,16 +53,29 @@ module Bundler
 
     def gem_path(path, spec)
       full_path = Pathname.new(path).absolute? ? path : File.join(spec.full_gem_path, path)
-      if spec.source.instance_of?(Source::Path)
+      if spec.source.instance_of?(Source::Path) && spec.source.path.absolute?
         full_path
       else
-        Pathname.new(full_path).relative_path_from(Bundler.root.join(bundler_path)).to_s
+        SharedHelpers.relative_path_to(full_path, from: Bundler.root.join(bundler_path))
       end
     rescue TypeError
       error_message = "#{spec.name} #{spec.version} has an invalid gemspec"
       raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException.new(error_message)
     end
 
+    def prevent_gem_activation
+      <<~'END'
+        module Kernel
+          remove_method(:gem) if private_method_defined?(:gem)
+
+          def gem(*)
+          end
+
+          private :gem
+        end
+      END
+    end
+
     def define_path_helpers
       <<~'END'
         unless defined?(Gem)
@@ -84,13 +98,16 @@ module Bundler
 
     def reverse_rubygems_kernel_mixin
       <<~END
-      kernel = (class << ::Kernel; self; end)
-      [kernel, ::Kernel].each do |k|
-        if k.private_method_defined?(:gem_original_require)
-          private_require = k.private_method_defined?(:require)
-          k.send(:remove_method, :require)
-          k.send(:define_method, :require, k.instance_method(:gem_original_require))
-          k.send(:private, :require) if private_require
+      if Gem.respond_to?(:discover_gems_on_require=)
+        Gem.discover_gems_on_require = false
+      else
+        [::Kernel.singleton_class, ::Kernel].each do |k|
+          if k.private_method_defined?(:gem_original_require)
+            private_require = k.private_method_defined?(:require)
+            k.send(:remove_method, :require)
+            k.send(:define_method, :require, k.instance_method(:gem_original_require))
+            k.send(:private, :require) if private_require
+          end
         end
       end
       END
diff --git a/lib/bundler/lazy_specification.rb b/lib/bundler/lazy_specification.rb
index ec141cfa27..38aea2a4aa 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/lazy_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/lazy_specification.rb
@@ -1,39 +1,62 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require_relative "force_platform"
+
 module Bundler
   class LazySpecification
     include MatchPlatform
+    include ForcePlatform
+
+    attr_reader :name, :version, :platform
+    attr_accessor :source, :remote, :force_ruby_platform, :dependencies, :required_ruby_version, :required_rubygems_version
 
-    attr_reader :name, :version, :dependencies, :platform
-    attr_accessor :source, :remote, :force_ruby_platform
+    alias_method :runtime_dependencies, :dependencies
+
+    def self.from_spec(s)
+      lazy_spec = new(s.name, s.version, s.platform, s.source)
+      lazy_spec.dependencies = s.dependencies
+      lazy_spec.required_ruby_version = s.required_ruby_version
+      lazy_spec.required_rubygems_version = s.required_rubygems_version
+      lazy_spec
+    end
 
     def initialize(name, version, platform, source = nil)
       @name          = name
       @version       = version
       @dependencies  = []
+      @required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.default
+      @required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.default
       @platform      = platform || Gem::Platform::RUBY
       @source        = source
-      @specification = nil
+      @force_ruby_platform = default_force_ruby_platform
     end
 
     def full_name
-      if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      @full_name ||= if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
         "#{@name}-#{@version}"
       else
         "#{@name}-#{@version}-#{platform}"
       end
     end
 
+    def lock_name
+      @lock_name ||= name_tuple.lock_name
+    end
+
+    def name_tuple
+      Gem::NameTuple.new(@name, @version, @platform)
+    end
+
     def ==(other)
-      identifier == other.identifier
+      full_name == other.full_name
     end
 
     def eql?(other)
-      identifier.eql?(other.identifier)
+      full_name.eql?(other.full_name)
     end
 
     def hash
-      identifier.hash
+      full_name.hash
     end
 
     ##
@@ -58,12 +81,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def to_lock
       out = String.new
-
-      if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
-        out << "    #{name} (#{version})\n"
-      else
-        out << "    #{name} (#{version}-#{platform})\n"
-      end
+      out << "    #{lock_name}\n"
 
       dependencies.sort_by(&:to_s).uniq.each do |dep|
         next if dep.type == :development
@@ -76,51 +94,48 @@ module Bundler
     def materialize_for_installation
       source.local!
 
-      candidates = if source.is_a?(Source::Path) || !ruby_platform_materializes_to_ruby_platform?
-        target_platform = ruby_platform_materializes_to_ruby_platform? ? platform : Bundler.local_platform
+      matching_specs = source.specs.search(use_exact_resolved_specifications? ? self : [name, version])
+      return self if matching_specs.empty?
 
-        source.specs.search(Dependency.new(name, version)).select do |spec|
-          MatchPlatform.platforms_match?(spec.platform, target_platform)
-        end
+      candidates = if use_exact_resolved_specifications?
+        matching_specs
       else
-        source.specs.search(self)
-      end
+        target_platform = ruby_platform_materializes_to_ruby_platform? ? platform : local_platform
 
-      return self if candidates.empty?
+        installable_candidates = GemHelpers.select_best_platform_match(matching_specs, target_platform)
 
-      __materialize__(candidates)
-    end
+        specification = __materialize__(installable_candidates, fallback_to_non_installable: false)
+        return specification unless specification.nil?
 
-    def __materialize__(candidates)
-      @specification = begin
-        search = candidates.reverse.find do |spec|
-          spec.is_a?(StubSpecification) ||
-            (spec.matches_current_ruby? &&
-              spec.matches_current_rubygems?)
-        end
-        if search.nil? && Bundler.frozen_bundle?
-          search = candidates.last
-        else
-          search.dependencies = dependencies if search && search.full_name == full_name && (search.is_a?(RemoteSpecification) || search.is_a?(EndpointSpecification))
+        if target_platform != platform
+          installable_candidates = GemHelpers.select_best_platform_match(matching_specs, platform)
         end
-        search
+
+        installable_candidates
       end
-    end
 
-    def respond_to?(*args)
-      super || @specification ? @specification.respond_to?(*args) : nil
+      __materialize__(candidates)
     end
 
-    def to_s
-      @__to_s ||= if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
-        "#{name} (#{version})"
+    # If in frozen mode, we fallback to a non-installable candidate because by
+    # doing this we avoid re-resolving and potentially end up changing the
+    # lock file, which is not allowed. In that case, we will give a proper error
+    # about the mismatch higher up the stack, right before trying to install the
+    # bad gem.
+    def __materialize__(candidates, fallback_to_non_installable: Bundler.frozen_bundle?)
+      search = candidates.reverse.find do |spec|
+        spec.is_a?(StubSpecification) || spec.matches_current_metadata?
+      end
+      if search.nil? && fallback_to_non_installable
+        search = candidates.last
       else
-        "#{name} (#{version}-#{platform})"
+        search.dependencies = dependencies if search && search.full_name == full_name && (search.is_a?(RemoteSpecification) || search.is_a?(EndpointSpecification))
       end
+      search
     end
 
-    def identifier
-      @__identifier ||= [name, version, platform_string]
+    def to_s
+      lock_name
     end
 
     def git_version
@@ -128,30 +143,20 @@ module Bundler
       " #{source.revision[0..6]}"
     end
 
-    protected
-
-    def platform_string
-      platform_string = platform.to_s
-      platform_string == Index::RUBY ? Index::NULL : platform_string
+    def force_ruby_platform!
+      @force_ruby_platform = true
     end
 
     private
 
-    def to_ary
-      nil
-    end
-
-    def method_missing(method, *args, &blk)
-      raise "LazySpecification has not been materialized yet (calling :#{method} #{args.inspect})" unless @specification
-
-      return super unless respond_to?(method)
-
-      @specification.send(method, *args, &blk)
+    def use_exact_resolved_specifications?
+      @use_exact_resolved_specifications ||= !source.is_a?(Source::Path) && ruby_platform_materializes_to_ruby_platform?
     end
 
     #
     # For backwards compatibility with existing lockfiles, if the most specific
-    # locked platform is RUBY, we keep the previous behaviour of resolving the
+    # locked platform is not a specific platform like x86_64-linux or
+    # universal-java-11, then we keep the previous behaviour of resolving the
     # best platform variant at materiliazation time. For previous bundler
     # versions (before 2.2.0) this was always the case (except when the lockfile
     # only included non-ruby platforms), but we're also keeping this behaviour
@@ -159,7 +164,9 @@ module Bundler
     # explicitly add a more specific platform.
     #
     def ruby_platform_materializes_to_ruby_platform?
-      !Bundler.most_specific_locked_platform?(generic_local_platform) || force_ruby_platform || Bundler.settings[:force_ruby_platform]
+      generic_platform = generic_local_platform == Gem::Platform::JAVA ? Gem::Platform::JAVA : Gem::Platform::RUBY
+
+      !Bundler.most_specific_locked_platform?(generic_platform) || force_ruby_platform || Bundler.settings[:force_ruby_platform]
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/lockfile_generator.rb b/lib/bundler/lockfile_generator.rb
index 23413dbdd6..a646d00ee1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/lockfile_generator.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/lockfile_generator.rb
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ module Bundler
       add_sources
       add_platforms
       add_dependencies
+      add_checksums
       add_locked_ruby_version
       add_bundled_with
 
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ module Bundler
       # gems with the same name, but different platform
       # are ordered consistently
       specs.sort_by(&:full_name).each do |spec|
-        next if spec.name == "bundler".freeze
+        next if spec.name == "bundler"
         out << spec.to_lock
       end
     end
@@ -65,13 +66,21 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
+    def add_checksums
+      return unless definition.locked_checksums
+      checksums = definition.resolve.map do |spec|
+        spec.source.checksum_store.to_lock(spec)
+      end
+      add_section("CHECKSUMS", checksums)
+    end
+
     def add_locked_ruby_version
       return unless locked_ruby_version = definition.locked_ruby_version
       add_section("RUBY VERSION", locked_ruby_version.to_s)
     end
 
     def add_bundled_with
-      add_section("BUNDLED WITH", Bundler::VERSION)
+      add_section("BUNDLED WITH", definition.bundler_version_to_lock.to_s)
     end
 
     def add_section(name, value)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/lockfile_parser.rb b/lib/bundler/lockfile_parser.rb
index 64fff4713d..1e11621e55 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/lockfile_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/lockfile_parser.rb
@@ -2,18 +2,49 @@
 
 module Bundler
   class LockfileParser
-    attr_reader :sources, :dependencies, :specs, :platforms, :bundler_version, :ruby_version
-
-    BUNDLED      = "BUNDLED WITH".freeze
-    DEPENDENCIES = "DEPENDENCIES".freeze
-    PLATFORMS    = "PLATFORMS".freeze
-    RUBY         = "RUBY VERSION".freeze
-    GIT          = "GIT".freeze
-    GEM          = "GEM".freeze
-    PATH         = "PATH".freeze
-    PLUGIN       = "PLUGIN SOURCE".freeze
-    SPECS        = "  specs:".freeze
-    OPTIONS      = /^  ([a-z]+): (.*)$/i.freeze
+    class Position
+      attr_reader :line, :column
+      def initialize(line, column)
+        @line = line
+        @column = column
+      end
+
+      def advance!(string)
+        lines = string.count("\n")
+        if lines > 0
+          @line += lines
+          @column = string.length - string.rindex("\n")
+        else
+          @column += string.length
+        end
+      end
+
+      def to_s
+        "#{line}:#{column}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    attr_reader(
+      :sources,
+      :dependencies,
+      :specs,
+      :platforms,
+      :bundler_version,
+      :ruby_version,
+      :checksums,
+    )
+
+    BUNDLED      = "BUNDLED WITH"
+    DEPENDENCIES = "DEPENDENCIES"
+    CHECKSUMS    = "CHECKSUMS"
+    PLATFORMS    = "PLATFORMS"
+    RUBY         = "RUBY VERSION"
+    GIT          = "GIT"
+    GEM          = "GEM"
+    PATH         = "PATH"
+    PLUGIN       = "PLUGIN SOURCE"
+    SPECS        = "  specs:"
+    OPTIONS      = /^  ([a-z]+): (.*)$/i
     SOURCE       = [GIT, GEM, PATH, PLUGIN].freeze
 
     SECTIONS_BY_VERSION_INTRODUCED = {
@@ -21,14 +52,18 @@ module Bundler
       Gem::Version.create("1.10") => [BUNDLED].freeze,
       Gem::Version.create("1.12") => [RUBY].freeze,
       Gem::Version.create("1.13") => [PLUGIN].freeze,
+      Gem::Version.create("2.5.0") => [CHECKSUMS].freeze,
     }.freeze
 
-    KNOWN_SECTIONS = SECTIONS_BY_VERSION_INTRODUCED.values.flatten.freeze
+    KNOWN_SECTIONS = SECTIONS_BY_VERSION_INTRODUCED.values.flatten!.freeze
 
     ENVIRONMENT_VERSION_SECTIONS = [BUNDLED, RUBY].freeze
+    deprecate_constant(:ENVIRONMENT_VERSION_SECTIONS)
 
     def self.sections_in_lockfile(lockfile_contents)
-      lockfile_contents.scan(/^\w[\w ]*$/).uniq
+      sections = lockfile_contents.scan(/^\w[\w ]*$/)
+      sections.uniq!
+      sections
     end
 
     def self.unknown_sections_in_lockfile(lockfile_contents)
@@ -37,7 +72,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def self.sections_to_ignore(base_version = nil)
       base_version &&= base_version.release
-      base_version ||= Gem::Version.create("1.0".dup)
+      base_version ||= Gem::Version.create("1.0")
       attributes = []
       SECTIONS_BY_VERSION_INTRODUCED.each do |version, introduced|
         next if version <= base_version
@@ -60,37 +95,53 @@ module Bundler
       @platforms    = []
       @sources      = []
       @dependencies = {}
-      @state        = nil
+      @parse_method = nil
       @specs        = {}
+      @lockfile_path = begin
+        SharedHelpers.relative_lockfile_path
+      rescue GemfileNotFound
+        "Gemfile.lock"
+      end
+      @pos = Position.new(1, 1)
 
-      if lockfile.match(/<<<<<<<|=======|>>>>>>>|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|/)
-        raise LockfileError, "Your #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)} contains merge conflicts.\n" \
-          "Run `git checkout HEAD -- #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)}` first to get a clean lock."
+      if lockfile.match?(/<<<<<<<|=======|>>>>>>>|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|/)
+        raise LockfileError, "Your #{@lockfile_path} contains merge conflicts.\n" \
+          "Run `git checkout HEAD -- #{@lockfile_path}` first to get a clean lock."
       end
 
-      lockfile.split(/(?:\r?\n)+/).each do |line|
+      lockfile.split(/((?:\r?\n)+)/) do |line|
+        # split alternates between the line and the following whitespace
+        next @pos.advance!(line) if line.match?(/^\s*$/)
+
         if SOURCE.include?(line)
-          @state = :source
+          @parse_method = :parse_source
           parse_source(line)
         elsif line == DEPENDENCIES
-          @state = :dependency
+          @parse_method = :parse_dependency
+        elsif line == CHECKSUMS
+          # This is a temporary solution to make this feature disabled by default
+          # for all gemfiles that don't already explicitly include the feature.
+          @checksums = true
+          @parse_method = :parse_checksum
         elsif line == PLATFORMS
-          @state = :platform
+          @parse_method = :parse_platform
         elsif line == RUBY
-          @state = :ruby
+          @parse_method = :parse_ruby
         elsif line == BUNDLED
-          @state = :bundled_with
-        elsif line =~ /^[^\s]/
-          @state = nil
-        elsif @state
-          send("parse_#{@state}", line)
+          @parse_method = :parse_bundled_with
+        elsif /^[^\s]/.match?(line)
+          @parse_method = nil
+        elsif @parse_method
+          send(@parse_method, line)
         end
+        @pos.advance!(line)
       end
-      @specs = @specs.values.sort_by(&:identifier)
+      @specs = @specs.values.sort_by!(&:full_name)
     rescue ArgumentError => e
       Bundler.ui.debug(e)
-      raise LockfileError, "Your lockfile is unreadable. Run `rm #{Bundler.default_lockfile.relative_path_from(SharedHelpers.pwd)}` " \
-        "and then `bundle install` to generate a new lockfile."
+      raise LockfileError, "Your lockfile is unreadable. Run `rm #{@lockfile_path}` " \
+        "and then `bundle install` to generate a new lockfile. The error occurred while " \
+        "evaluating #{@lockfile_path}:#{@pos}"
     end
 
     def may_include_redundant_platform_specific_gems?
@@ -100,30 +151,18 @@ module Bundler
     private
 
     TYPES = {
-      GIT    => Bundler::Source::Git,
-      GEM    => Bundler::Source::Rubygems,
-      PATH   => Bundler::Source::Path,
+      GIT => Bundler::Source::Git,
+      GEM => Bundler::Source::Rubygems,
+      PATH => Bundler::Source::Path,
       PLUGIN => Bundler::Plugin,
     }.freeze
 
     def parse_source(line)
       case line
       when SPECS
-        case @type
-        when PATH
-          @current_source = TYPES[@type].from_lock(@opts)
-          @sources << @current_source
-        when GIT
-          @current_source = TYPES[@type].from_lock(@opts)
-          @sources << @current_source
-        when GEM
-          @opts["remotes"] = Array(@opts.delete("remote")).reverse
-          @current_source = TYPES[@type].from_lock(@opts)
-          @sources << @current_source
-        when PLUGIN
-          @current_source = Plugin.source_from_lock(@opts)
-          @sources << @current_source
-        end
+        return unless TYPES.key?(@type)
+        @current_source = TYPES[@type].from_lock(@opts)
+        @sources << @current_source
       when OPTIONS
         value = $2
         value = true if value == "true"
@@ -153,18 +192,19 @@ module Bundler
       (?:#{space}\(([^-]*)                               # Space, followed by version
       (?:-(.*))?\))?                                     # Optional platform
       (!)?                                               # Optional pinned marker
+      (?:#{space}([^ ]+))?                               # Optional checksum
       $                                                  # Line end
-    /xo.freeze
+    /xo
 
     def parse_dependency(line)
       return unless line =~ NAME_VERSION
       spaces = $1
       return unless spaces.size == 2
-      name = $2
+      name = -$2
       version = $3
       pinned = $5
 
-      version = version.split(",").map(&:strip) if version
+      version = version.split(",").each(&:strip!) if version
 
       dep = Bundler::Dependency.new(name, version)
 
@@ -185,23 +225,47 @@ module Bundler
       @dependencies[dep.name] = dep
     end
 
-    def parse_spec(line)
+    def parse_checksum(line)
       return unless line =~ NAME_VERSION
+
       spaces = $1
+      return unless spaces.size == 2
+      checksums = $6
+      return unless checksums
       name = $2
       version = $3
       platform = $4
 
+      version = Gem::Version.new(version)
+      platform = platform ? Gem::Platform.new(platform) : Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      full_name = Gem::NameTuple.new(name, version, platform).full_name
+      return unless spec = @specs[full_name]
+
+      checksums.split(",") do |lock_checksum|
+        column = line.index(lock_checksum) + 1
+        checksum = Checksum.from_lock(lock_checksum, "#{@lockfile_path}:#{@pos.line}:#{column}")
+        spec.source.checksum_store.register(spec, checksum)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def parse_spec(line)
+      return unless line =~ NAME_VERSION
+      spaces = $1
+      name = -$2
+      version = $3
+
       if spaces.size == 4
+        # only load platform for non-dependency (spec) line
+        platform = $4
+
         version = Gem::Version.new(version)
         platform = platform ? Gem::Platform.new(platform) : Gem::Platform::RUBY
-        @current_spec = LazySpecification.new(name, version, platform)
-        @current_spec.source = @current_source
+        @current_spec = LazySpecification.new(name, version, platform, @current_source)
         @current_source.add_dependency_names(name)
 
-        @specs[@current_spec.identifier] = @current_spec
+        @specs[@current_spec.full_name] = @current_spec
       elsif spaces.size == 6
-        version = version.split(",").map(&:strip) if version
+        version = version.split(",").each(&:strip!) if version
         dep = Gem::Dependency.new(name, version)
         @current_spec.dependencies << dep
       end
@@ -212,13 +276,14 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def parse_bundled_with(line)
-      line = line.strip
+      line.strip!
       return unless Gem::Version.correct?(line)
       @bundler_version = Gem::Version.create(line)
     end
 
     def parse_ruby(line)
-      @ruby_version = line.strip
+      line.strip!
+      @ruby_version = line
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1
index 20430a78a0..a6cbc88f34 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1
@@ -1,77 +1,58 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-ADD" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-ADD" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-add\fR \- Add gem to the Gemfile and run bundle install
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle add\fR \fIGEM_NAME\fR [\-\-group=GROUP] [\-\-version=VERSION] [\-\-source=SOURCE] [\-\-git=GIT] [\-\-github=GITHUB] [\-\-branch=BRANCH] [\-\-ref=REF] [\-\-skip\-install] [\-\-strict] [\-\-optimistic]
-.
+\fBbundle add\fR \fIGEM_NAME\fR [\-\-group=GROUP] [\-\-version=VERSION] [\-\-source=SOURCE] [\-\-path=PATH] [\-\-git=GIT] [\-\-github=GITHUB] [\-\-branch=BRANCH] [\-\-ref=REF] [\-\-skip\-install] [\-\-strict] [\-\-optimistic]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Adds the named gem to the Gemfile and run \fBbundle install\fR\. \fBbundle install\fR can be avoided by using the flag \fB\-\-skip\-install\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Example:
-.
 .P
 bundle add rails
-.
 .P
 bundle add rails \-\-version "< 3\.0, > 1\.1"
-.
 .P
 bundle add rails \-\-version "~> 5\.0\.0" \-\-source "https://gems\.example\.com" \-\-group "development"
-.
 .P
 bundle add rails \-\-skip\-install
-.
 .P
 bundle add rails \-\-group "development, test"
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-version\fR, \fB\-v\fR
 Specify version requirements(s) for the added gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-group\fR, \fB\-g\fR
 Specify the group(s) for the added gem\. Multiple groups should be separated by commas\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-source\fR, \fB\-s\fR
 Specify the source for the added gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-require\fR, \fB\-r\fR
 Adds require path to gem\. Provide false, or a path as a string\.
-.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-path\fR
+Specify the file system path for the added gem\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-git\fR
 Specify the git source for the added gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-github\fR
 Specify the github source for the added gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-branch\fR
 Specify the git branch for the added gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-ref\fR
 Specify the git ref for the added gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-skip\-install\fR
 Adds the gem to the Gemfile but does not install it\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-optimistic\fR
 Adds optimistic declaration of version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-strict\fR
 Adds strict declaration of version\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1.ronn
index 8eead9c569..37c92e5fcd 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-add.1.ronn
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ bundle-add(1) -- Add gem to the Gemfile and run bundle install
 
 ## SYNOPSIS
 
-`bundle add` <GEM_NAME> [--group=GROUP] [--version=VERSION] [--source=SOURCE] [--git=GIT] [--github=GITHUB] [--branch=BRANCH] [--ref=REF] [--skip-install] [--strict] [--optimistic]
+`bundle add` <GEM_NAME> [--group=GROUP] [--version=VERSION] [--source=SOURCE] [--path=PATH] [--git=GIT] [--github=GITHUB] [--branch=BRANCH] [--ref=REF] [--skip-install] [--strict] [--optimistic]
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 Adds the named gem to the Gemfile and run `bundle install`. `bundle install` can be avoided by using the flag `--skip-install`.
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ bundle add rails --group "development, test"
 * `--require`, `-r`:
   Adds require path to gem. Provide false, or a path as a string.
 
+* `--path`:
+  Specify the file system path for the added gem.
+
 * `--git`:
   Specify the git source for the added gem.
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-binstubs.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-binstubs.1
index 9c57c7c9c5..2b35bc956a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-binstubs.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-binstubs.1
@@ -1,41 +1,29 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-BINSTUBS" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-BINSTUBS" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-binstubs\fR \- Install the binstubs of the listed gems
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle binstubs\fR \fIGEM_NAME\fR [\-\-force] [\-\-path PATH] [\-\-standalone]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Binstubs are scripts that wrap around executables\. Bundler creates a small Ruby file (a binstub) that loads Bundler, runs the command, and puts it into \fBbin/\fR\. Binstubs are a shortcut\-or alternative\- to always using \fBbundle exec\fR\. This gives you a file that can be run directly, and one that will always run the correct gem version used by the application\.
-.
 .P
 For example, if you run \fBbundle binstubs rspec\-core\fR, Bundler will create the file \fBbin/rspec\fR\. That file will contain enough code to load Bundler, tell it to load the bundled gems, and then run rspec\.
-.
 .P
 This command generates binstubs for executables in \fBGEM_NAME\fR\. Binstubs are put into \fBbin\fR, or the \fB\-\-path\fR directory if one has been set\. Calling binstubs with [GEM [GEM]] will create binstubs for all given gems\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-force\fR
 Overwrite existing binstubs if they exist\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-path\fR
 The location to install the specified binstubs to\. This defaults to \fBbin\fR\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-standalone\fR
 Makes binstubs that can work without depending on Rubygems or Bundler at runtime\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-shebang\fR
-Specify a different shebang executable name than the default (default \'ruby\')
-.
+Specify a different shebang executable name than the default (default 'ruby')
 .TP
 \fB\-\-all\fR
 Create binstubs for all gems in the bundle\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1
index fdaaa3b92a..3b86b995a6 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1
@@ -1,61 +1,40 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-CACHE" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-CACHE" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-cache\fR \- Package your needed \fB\.gem\fR files into your application
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle cache\fR
-.
 .P
 alias: \fBpackage\fR, \fBpack\fR
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
-Copy all of the \fB\.gem\fR files needed to run the application into the \fBvendor/cache\fR directory\. In the future, when running [bundle install(1)][bundle\-install], use the gems in the cache in preference to the ones on \fBrubygems\.org\fR\.
-.
+Copy all of the \fB\.gem\fR files needed to run the application into the \fBvendor/cache\fR directory\. In the future, when running \fBbundle install(1)\fR \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR, use the gems in the cache in preference to the ones on \fBrubygems\.org\fR\.
 .SH "GIT AND PATH GEMS"
 The \fBbundle cache\fR command can also package \fB:git\fR and \fB:path\fR dependencies besides \.gem files\. This needs to be explicitly enabled via the \fB\-\-all\fR option\. Once used, the \fB\-\-all\fR option will be remembered\.
-.
 .SH "SUPPORT FOR MULTIPLE PLATFORMS"
 When using gems that have different packages for different platforms, Bundler supports caching of gems for other platforms where the Gemfile has been resolved (i\.e\. present in the lockfile) in \fBvendor/cache\fR\. This needs to be enabled via the \fB\-\-all\-platforms\fR option\. This setting will be remembered in your local bundler configuration\.
-.
 .SH "REMOTE FETCHING"
-By default, if you run \fBbundle install(1)\fR](bundle\-install\.1\.html) after running bundle cache(1) \fIbundle\-cache\.1\.html\fR, bundler will still connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR to check whether a platform\-specific gem exists for any of the gems in \fBvendor/cache\fR\.
-.
+By default, if you run \fBbundle install(1)\fR \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR after running bundle cache(1) \fIbundle\-cache\.1\.html\fR, bundler will still connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR to check whether a platform\-specific gem exists for any of the gems in \fBvendor/cache\fR\.
 .P
 For instance, consider this Gemfile(5):
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://rubygems\.org"
 
 gem "nokogiri"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 If you run \fBbundle cache\fR under C Ruby, bundler will retrieve the version of \fBnokogiri\fR for the \fB"ruby"\fR platform\. If you deploy to JRuby and run \fBbundle install\fR, bundler is forced to check to see whether a \fB"java"\fR platformed \fBnokogiri\fR exists\.
-.
 .P
 Even though the \fBnokogiri\fR gem for the Ruby platform is \fItechnically\fR acceptable on JRuby, it has a C extension that does not run on JRuby\. As a result, bundler will, by default, still connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR to check whether it has a version of one of your gems more specific to your platform\.
-.
 .P
 This problem is also not limited to the \fB"java"\fR platform\. A similar (common) problem can happen when developing on Windows and deploying to Linux, or even when developing on OSX and deploying to Linux\.
-.
 .P
 If you know for sure that the gems packaged in \fBvendor/cache\fR are appropriate for the platform you are on, you can run \fBbundle install \-\-local\fR to skip checking for more appropriate gems, and use the ones in \fBvendor/cache\fR\.
-.
 .P
 One way to be sure that you have the right platformed versions of all your gems is to run \fBbundle cache\fR on an identical machine and check in the gems\. For instance, you can run \fBbundle cache\fR on an identical staging box during your staging process, and check in the \fBvendor/cache\fR before deploying to production\.
-.
 .P
 By default, bundle cache(1) \fIbundle\-cache\.1\.html\fR fetches and also installs the gems to the default location\. To package the dependencies to \fBvendor/cache\fR without installing them to the local install location, you can run \fBbundle cache \-\-no\-install\fR\.
-.
 .SH "HISTORY"
 In Bundler 2\.1, \fBcache\fR took in the functionalities of \fBpackage\fR and now \fBpackage\fR and \fBpack\fR are aliases of \fBcache\fR\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1.ronn
index 46906d2b48..8112c2c551 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-cache.1.ronn
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ alias: `package`, `pack`
 ## DESCRIPTION
 
 Copy all of the `.gem` files needed to run the application into the
-`vendor/cache` directory. In the future, when running [bundle install(1)][bundle-install],
+`vendor/cache` directory. In the future, when running [`bundle install(1)`](bundle-install.1.html),
 use the gems in the cache in preference to the ones on `rubygems.org`.
 
 ## GIT AND PATH GEMS
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ bundler configuration.
 
 ## REMOTE FETCHING
 
-By default, if you run `bundle install(1)`](bundle-install.1.html) after running
+By default, if you run [`bundle install(1)`](bundle-install.1.html) after running
 [bundle cache(1)](bundle-cache.1.html), bundler will still connect to `rubygems.org`
 to check whether a platform-specific gem exists for any of the gems
 in `vendor/cache`.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-check.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-check.1
index 5be7886274..7f18e26537 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-check.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-check.1
@@ -1,30 +1,21 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-CHECK" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-CHECK" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-check\fR \- Verifies if dependencies are satisfied by installed gems
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle check\fR [\-\-dry\-run] [\-\-gemfile=FILE] [\-\-path=PATH]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 \fBcheck\fR searches the local machine for each of the gems requested in the Gemfile\. If all gems are found, Bundler prints a success message and exits with a status of 0\.
-.
 .P
 If not, the first missing gem is listed and Bundler exits status 1\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-dry\-run\fR
 Locks the [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] before running the command\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-gemfile\fR
 Use the specified gemfile instead of the [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)]\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-path\fR
 Specify a different path than the system default (\fB$BUNDLE_PATH\fR or \fB$GEM_HOME\fR)\. Bundler will remember this value for future installs on this machine\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1
index 2bb95ed2de..0180eb38a2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1
@@ -1,24 +1,17 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-CLEAN" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-CLEAN" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-clean\fR \- Cleans up unused gems in your bundler directory
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle clean\fR [\-\-dry\-run] [\-\-force]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 This command will remove all unused gems in your bundler directory\. This is useful when you have made many changes to your gem dependencies\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-dry\-run\fR
 Print the changes, but do not clean the unused gems\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-force\fR
-Force a clean even if \fB\-\-path\fR is not set\.
+Forces cleaning up unused gems even if Bundler is configured to use globally installed gems\. As a consequence, removes all system gems except for the ones in the current application\.
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1.ronn
index de23991782..dae27c21ee 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-clean.1.ronn
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ useful when you have made many changes to your gem dependencies.
 * `--dry-run`:
   Print the changes, but do not clean the unused gems.
 * `--force`:
-  Force a clean even if `--path` is not set.
+  Forces cleaning up unused gems even if Bundler is configured to use globally installed gems. As a consequence, removes all system gems except for the ones in the current application.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1
index 9f7887ca91..b768f1e3d2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1
@@ -1,506 +1,321 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-CONFIG" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-CONFIG" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-config\fR \- Set bundler configuration options
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle config\fR [list|get|set|unset] [\fIname\fR [\fIvalue\fR]]
-.
+\fBbundle config\fR list
+.br
+\fBbundle config\fR [get] NAME
+.br
+\fBbundle config\fR [set] NAME VALUE
+.br
+\fBbundle config\fR unset NAME
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
-This command allows you to interact with Bundler\'s configuration system\.
-.
+This command allows you to interact with Bundler's configuration system\.
 .P
 Bundler loads configuration settings in this order:
-.
 .IP "1." 4
 Local config (\fB<project_root>/\.bundle/config\fR or \fB$BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG/config\fR)
-.
 .IP "2." 4
 Environmental variables (\fBENV\fR)
-.
 .IP "3." 4
 Global config (\fB~/\.bundle/config\fR)
-.
 .IP "4." 4
 Bundler default config
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-Executing \fBbundle config list\fR with will print a list of all bundler configuration for the current bundle, and where that configuration was set\.
-.
+Executing \fBbundle config list\fR will print a list of all bundler configuration for the current bundle, and where that configuration was set\.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config get <name>\fR will print the value of that configuration setting, and where it was set\.
-.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config set <name> <value>\fR defaults to setting \fBlocal\fR configuration if executing from within a local application, otherwise it will set \fBglobal\fR configuration\. See \fB\-\-local\fR and \fB\-\-global\fR options below\.
-.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config set \-\-local <name> <value>\fR will set that configuration in the directory for the local application\. The configuration will be stored in \fB<project_root>/\.bundle/config\fR\. If \fBBUNDLE_APP_CONFIG\fR is set, the configuration will be stored in \fB$BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG/config\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config set \-\-global <name> <value>\fR will set that configuration to the value specified for all bundles executed as the current user\. The configuration will be stored in \fB~/\.bundle/config\fR\. If \fIname\fR already is set, \fIname\fR will be overridden and user will be warned\.
-.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config unset <name>\fR will delete the configuration in both local and global sources\.
-.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config unset \-\-global <name>\fR will delete the configuration only from the user configuration\.
-.
 .P
 Executing \fBbundle config unset \-\-local <name>\fR will delete the configuration only from the local application\.
-.
 .P
 Executing bundle with the \fBBUNDLE_IGNORE_CONFIG\fR environment variable set will cause it to ignore all configuration\.
-.
 .SH "REMEMBERING OPTIONS"
-Flags passed to \fBbundle install\fR or the Bundler runtime, such as \fB\-\-path foo\fR or \fB\-\-without production\fR, are remembered between commands and saved to your local application\'s configuration (normally, \fB\./\.bundle/config\fR)\.
-.
+Flags passed to \fBbundle install\fR or the Bundler runtime, such as \fB\-\-path foo\fR or \fB\-\-without production\fR, are remembered between commands and saved to your local application's configuration (normally, \fB\./\.bundle/config\fR)\.
 .P
-However, this will be changed in bundler 3, so it\'s better not to rely on this behavior\. If these options must be remembered, it\'s better to set them using \fBbundle config\fR (e\.g\., \fBbundle config set \-\-local path foo\fR)\.
-.
+However, this will be changed in bundler 3, so it's better not to rely on this behavior\. If these options must be remembered, it's better to set them using \fBbundle config\fR (e\.g\., \fBbundle config set \-\-local path foo\fR)\.
 .P
 The options that can be configured are:
-.
 .TP
 \fBbin\fR
-Creates a directory (defaults to \fB~/bin\fR) and place any executables from the gem there\. These executables run in Bundler\'s context\. If used, you might add this directory to your environment\'s \fBPATH\fR variable\. For instance, if the \fBrails\fR gem comes with a \fBrails\fR executable, this flag will create a \fBbin/rails\fR executable that ensures that all referred dependencies will be resolved using the bundled gems\.
-.
+Creates a directory (defaults to \fB~/bin\fR) and place any executables from the gem there\. These executables run in Bundler's context\. If used, you might add this directory to your environment's \fBPATH\fR variable\. For instance, if the \fBrails\fR gem comes with a \fBrails\fR executable, this flag will create a \fBbin/rails\fR executable that ensures that all referred dependencies will be resolved using the bundled gems\.
 .TP
 \fBdeployment\fR
-In deployment mode, Bundler will \'roll\-out\' the bundle for \fBproduction\fR use\. Please check carefully if you want to have this option enabled in \fBdevelopment\fR or \fBtest\fR environments\.
-.
+In deployment mode, Bundler will 'roll\-out' the bundle for \fBproduction\fR use\. Please check carefully if you want to have this option enabled in \fBdevelopment\fR or \fBtest\fR environments\.
 .TP
 \fBonly\fR
 A space\-separated list of groups to install only gems of the specified groups\.
-.
 .TP
 \fBpath\fR
-The location to install the specified gems to\. This defaults to Rubygems\' setting\. Bundler shares this location with Rubygems, \fBgem install \.\.\.\fR will have gem installed there, too\. Therefore, gems installed without a \fB\-\-path \.\.\.\fR setting will show up by calling \fBgem list\fR\. Accordingly, gems installed to other locations will not get listed\.
-.
+The location to install the specified gems to\. This defaults to Rubygems' setting\. Bundler shares this location with Rubygems, \fBgem install \|\.\|\.\|\.\fR will have gem installed there, too\. Therefore, gems installed without a \fB\-\-path \|\.\|\.\|\.\fR setting will show up by calling \fBgem list\fR\. Accordingly, gems installed to other locations will not get listed\.
 .TP
 \fBwithout\fR
 A space\-separated list of groups referencing gems to skip during installation\.
-.
 .TP
 \fBwith\fR
 A space\-separated list of \fBoptional\fR groups referencing gems to include during installation\.
-.
 .SH "BUILD OPTIONS"
 You can use \fBbundle config\fR to give Bundler the flags to pass to the gem installer every time bundler tries to install a particular gem\.
-.
 .P
 A very common example, the \fBmysql\fR gem, requires Snow Leopard users to pass configuration flags to \fBgem install\fR to specify where to find the \fBmysql_config\fR executable\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem install mysql \-\- \-\-with\-mysql\-config=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Since the specific location of that executable can change from machine to machine, you can specify these flags on a per\-machine basis\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global build\.mysql \-\-with\-mysql\-config=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 After running this command, every time bundler needs to install the \fBmysql\fR gem, it will pass along the flags you specified\.
-.
 .SH "CONFIGURATION KEYS"
 Configuration keys in bundler have two forms: the canonical form and the environment variable form\.
-.
 .P
-For instance, passing the \fB\-\-without\fR flag to bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR prevents Bundler from installing certain groups specified in the Gemfile(5)\. Bundler persists this value in \fBapp/\.bundle/config\fR so that calls to \fBBundler\.setup\fR do not try to find gems from the \fBGemfile\fR that you didn\'t install\. Additionally, subsequent calls to bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR remember this setting and skip those groups\.
-.
+For instance, passing the \fB\-\-without\fR flag to bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR prevents Bundler from installing certain groups specified in the Gemfile(5)\. Bundler persists this value in \fBapp/\.bundle/config\fR so that calls to \fBBundler\.setup\fR do not try to find gems from the \fBGemfile\fR that you didn't install\. Additionally, subsequent calls to bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR remember this setting and skip those groups\.
 .P
 The canonical form of this configuration is \fB"without"\fR\. To convert the canonical form to the environment variable form, capitalize it, and prepend \fBBUNDLE_\fR\. The environment variable form of \fB"without"\fR is \fBBUNDLE_WITHOUT\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Any periods in the configuration keys must be replaced with two underscores when setting it via environment variables\. The configuration key \fBlocal\.rack\fR becomes the environment variable \fBBUNDLE_LOCAL__RACK\fR\.
-.
 .SH "LIST OF AVAILABLE KEYS"
 The following is a list of all configuration keys and their purpose\. You can learn more about their operation in bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-\fBallow_deployment_source_credential_changes\fR (\fBBUNDLE_ALLOW_DEPLOYMENT_SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_CHANGES\fR): When in deployment mode, allow changing the credentials to a gem\'s source\. Ex: \fBhttps://some\.host\.com/gems/path/\fR \-> \fBhttps://user_name:password@some\.host\.com/gems/path\fR
-.
+\fBallow_deployment_source_credential_changes\fR (\fBBUNDLE_ALLOW_DEPLOYMENT_SOURCE_CREDENTIAL_CHANGES\fR): When in deployment mode, allow changing the credentials to a gem's source\. Ex: \fBhttps://some\.host\.com/gems/path/\fR \-> \fBhttps://user_name:password@some\.host\.com/gems/path\fR
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBallow_offline_install\fR (\fBBUNDLE_ALLOW_OFFLINE_INSTALL\fR): Allow Bundler to use cached data when installing without network access\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBauto_clean_without_path\fR (\fBBUNDLE_AUTO_CLEAN_WITHOUT_PATH\fR): Automatically run \fBbundle clean\fR after installing when an explicit \fBpath\fR has not been set and Bundler is not installing into the system gems\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBauto_install\fR (\fBBUNDLE_AUTO_INSTALL\fR): Automatically run \fBbundle install\fR when gems are missing\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBbin\fR (\fBBUNDLE_BIN\fR): Install executables from gems in the bundle to the specified directory\. Defaults to \fBfalse\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBcache_all\fR (\fBBUNDLE_CACHE_ALL\fR): Cache all gems, including path and git gems\. This needs to be explicitly configured on bundler 1 and bundler 2, but will be the default on bundler 3\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBcache_all_platforms\fR (\fBBUNDLE_CACHE_ALL_PLATFORMS\fR): Cache gems for all platforms\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBcache_path\fR (\fBBUNDLE_CACHE_PATH\fR): The directory that bundler will place cached gems in when running \fBbundle package\fR, and that bundler will look in when installing gems\. Defaults to \fBvendor/cache\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBclean\fR (\fBBUNDLE_CLEAN\fR): Whether Bundler should run \fBbundle clean\fR automatically after \fBbundle install\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBconsole\fR (\fBBUNDLE_CONSOLE\fR): The console that \fBbundle console\fR starts\. Defaults to \fBirb\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdefault_install_uses_path\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DEFAULT_INSTALL_USES_PATH\fR): Whether a \fBbundle install\fR without an explicit \fB\-\-path\fR argument defaults to installing gems in \fB\.bundle\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdeployment\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DEPLOYMENT\fR): Disallow changes to the \fBGemfile\fR\. When the \fBGemfile\fR is changed and the lockfile has not been updated, running Bundler commands will be blocked\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdisable_checksum_validation\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_CHECKSUM_VALIDATION\fR): Allow installing gems even if they do not match the checksum provided by RubyGems\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdisable_exec_load\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_EXEC_LOAD\fR): Stop Bundler from using \fBload\fR to launch an executable in\-process in \fBbundle exec\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdisable_local_branch_check\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_LOCAL_BRANCH_CHECK\fR): Allow Bundler to use a local git override without a branch specified in the Gemfile\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdisable_local_revision_check\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_LOCAL_REVISION_CHECK\fR): Allow Bundler to use a local git override without checking if the revision present in the lockfile is present in the repository\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-\fBdisable_shared_gems\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_SHARED_GEMS\fR): Stop Bundler from accessing gems installed to RubyGems\' normal location\.
-.
+\fBdisable_shared_gems\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_SHARED_GEMS\fR): Stop Bundler from accessing gems installed to RubyGems' normal location\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBdisable_version_check\fR (\fBBUNDLE_DISABLE_VERSION_CHECK\fR): Stop Bundler from checking if a newer Bundler version is available on rubygems\.org\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-\fBforce_ruby_platform\fR (\fBBUNDLE_FORCE_RUBY_PLATFORM\fR): Ignore the current machine\'s platform and install only \fBruby\fR platform gems\. As a result, gems with native extensions will be compiled from source\.
-.
+\fBforce_ruby_platform\fR (\fBBUNDLE_FORCE_RUBY_PLATFORM\fR): Ignore the current machine's platform and install only \fBruby\fR platform gems\. As a result, gems with native extensions will be compiled from source\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBfrozen\fR (\fBBUNDLE_FROZEN\fR): Disallow changes to the \fBGemfile\fR\. When the \fBGemfile\fR is changed and the lockfile has not been updated, running Bundler commands will be blocked\. Defaults to \fBtrue\fR when \fB\-\-deployment\fR is used\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBgem\.github_username\fR (\fBBUNDLE_GEM__GITHUB_USERNAME\fR): Sets a GitHub username or organization to be used in \fBREADME\fR file when you create a new gem via \fBbundle gem\fR command\. It can be overridden by passing an explicit \fB\-\-github\-username\fR flag to \fBbundle gem\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBgem\.push_key\fR (\fBBUNDLE_GEM__PUSH_KEY\fR): Sets the \fB\-\-key\fR parameter for \fBgem push\fR when using the \fBrake release\fR command with a private gemstash server\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBgemfile\fR (\fBBUNDLE_GEMFILE\fR): The name of the file that bundler should use as the \fBGemfile\fR\. This location of this file also sets the root of the project, which is used to resolve relative paths in the \fBGemfile\fR, among other things\. By default, bundler will search up from the current working directory until it finds a \fBGemfile\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBglobal_gem_cache\fR (\fBBUNDLE_GLOBAL_GEM_CACHE\fR): Whether Bundler should cache all gems globally, rather than locally to the installing Ruby installation\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBignore_funding_requests\fR (\fBBUNDLE_IGNORE_FUNDING_REQUESTS\fR): When set, no funding requests will be printed\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBignore_messages\fR (\fBBUNDLE_IGNORE_MESSAGES\fR): When set, no post install messages will be printed\. To silence a single gem, use dot notation like \fBignore_messages\.httparty true\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBinit_gems_rb\fR (\fBBUNDLE_INIT_GEMS_RB\fR): Generate a \fBgems\.rb\fR instead of a \fBGemfile\fR when running \fBbundle init\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBjobs\fR (\fBBUNDLE_JOBS\fR): The number of gems Bundler can install in parallel\. Defaults to the number of available processors\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBno_install\fR (\fBBUNDLE_NO_INSTALL\fR): Whether \fBbundle package\fR should skip installing gems\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBno_prune\fR (\fBBUNDLE_NO_PRUNE\fR): Whether Bundler should leave outdated gems unpruned when caching\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBonly\fR (\fBBUNDLE_ONLY\fR): A space\-separated list of groups to install only gems of the specified groups\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBpath\fR (\fBBUNDLE_PATH\fR): The location on disk where all gems in your bundle will be located regardless of \fB$GEM_HOME\fR or \fB$GEM_PATH\fR values\. Bundle gems not found in this location will be installed by \fBbundle install\fR\. Defaults to \fBGem\.dir\fR\. When \-\-deployment is used, defaults to vendor/bundle\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBpath\.system\fR (\fBBUNDLE_PATH__SYSTEM\fR): Whether Bundler will install gems into the default system path (\fBGem\.dir\fR)\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBpath_relative_to_cwd\fR (\fBBUNDLE_PATH_RELATIVE_TO_CWD\fR) Makes \fB\-\-path\fR relative to the CWD instead of the \fBGemfile\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-\fBplugins\fR (\fBBUNDLE_PLUGINS\fR): Enable Bundler\'s experimental plugin system\.
-.
+\fBplugins\fR (\fBBUNDLE_PLUGINS\fR): Enable Bundler's experimental plugin system\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBprefer_patch\fR (BUNDLE_PREFER_PATCH): Prefer updating only to next patch version during updates\. Makes \fBbundle update\fR calls equivalent to \fBbundler update \-\-patch\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBprint_only_version_number\fR (\fBBUNDLE_PRINT_ONLY_VERSION_NUMBER\fR): Print only version number from \fBbundler \-\-version\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBredirect\fR (\fBBUNDLE_REDIRECT\fR): The number of redirects allowed for network requests\. Defaults to \fB5\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBretry\fR (\fBBUNDLE_RETRY\fR): The number of times to retry failed network requests\. Defaults to \fB3\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBsetup_makes_kernel_gem_public\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SETUP_MAKES_KERNEL_GEM_PUBLIC\fR): Have \fBBundler\.setup\fR make the \fBKernel#gem\fR method public, even though RubyGems declares it as private\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBshebang\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SHEBANG\fR): The program name that should be invoked for generated binstubs\. Defaults to the ruby install name used to generate the binstub\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBsilence_deprecations\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SILENCE_DEPRECATIONS\fR): Whether Bundler should silence deprecation warnings for behavior that will be changed in the next major version\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBsilence_root_warning\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SILENCE_ROOT_WARNING\fR): Silence the warning Bundler prints when installing gems as root\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBssl_ca_cert\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SSL_CA_CERT\fR): Path to a designated CA certificate file or folder containing multiple certificates for trusted CAs in PEM format\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBssl_client_cert\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SSL_CLIENT_CERT\fR): Path to a designated file containing a X\.509 client certificate and key in PEM format\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBssl_verify_mode\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SSL_VERIFY_MODE\fR): The SSL verification mode Bundler uses when making HTTPS requests\. Defaults to verify peer\.
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-\fBsuppress_install_using_messages\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SUPPRESS_INSTALL_USING_MESSAGES\fR): Avoid printing \fBUsing \.\.\.\fR messages during installation when the version of a gem has not changed\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBsystem_bindir\fR (\fBBUNDLE_SYSTEM_BINDIR\fR): The location where RubyGems installs binstubs\. Defaults to \fBGem\.bindir\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBtimeout\fR (\fBBUNDLE_TIMEOUT\fR): The seconds allowed before timing out for network requests\. Defaults to \fB10\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBupdate_requires_all_flag\fR (\fBBUNDLE_UPDATE_REQUIRES_ALL_FLAG\fR): Require passing \fB\-\-all\fR to \fBbundle update\fR when everything should be updated, and disallow passing no options to \fBbundle update\fR\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBuser_agent\fR (\fBBUNDLE_USER_AGENT\fR): The custom user agent fragment Bundler includes in API requests\.
-.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fBversion\fR (\fBBUNDLE_VERSION\fR): The version of Bundler to use when running under Bundler environment\. Defaults to \fBlockfile\fR\. You can also specify \fBsystem\fR or \fBx\.y\.z\fR\. \fBlockfile\fR will use the Bundler version specified in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR, \fBsystem\fR will use the system version of Bundler, and \fBx\.y\.z\fR will use the specified version of Bundler\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBwith\fR (\fBBUNDLE_WITH\fR): A \fB:\fR\-separated list of groups whose gems bundler should install\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBwithout\fR (\fBBUNDLE_WITHOUT\fR): A \fB:\fR\-separated list of groups whose gems bundler should not install\.
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In general, you should set these settings per\-application by using the applicable flag to the bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR or bundle cache(1) \fIbundle\-cache\.1\.html\fR command\.
-.
 .P
 You can set them globally either via environment variables or \fBbundle config\fR, whichever is preferable for your setup\. If you use both, environment variables will take preference over global settings\.
-.
 .SH "LOCAL GIT REPOS"
 Bundler also allows you to work against a git repository locally instead of using the remote version\. This can be achieved by setting up a local override:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-local local\.GEM_NAME /path/to/local/git/repository
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 For example, in order to use a local Rack repository, a developer could call:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-local local\.rack ~/Work/git/rack
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-Now instead of checking out the remote git repository, the local override will be used\. Similar to a path source, every time the local git repository change, changes will be automatically picked up by Bundler\. This means a commit in the local git repo will update the revision in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR to the local git repo revision\. This requires the same attention as git submodules\. Before pushing to the remote, you need to ensure the local override was pushed, otherwise you may point to a commit that only exists in your local machine\. You\'ll also need to CGI escape your usernames and passwords as well\.
-.
+Now instead of checking out the remote git repository, the local override will be used\. Similar to a path source, every time the local git repository change, changes will be automatically picked up by Bundler\. This means a commit in the local git repo will update the revision in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR to the local git repo revision\. This requires the same attention as git submodules\. Before pushing to the remote, you need to ensure the local override was pushed, otherwise you may point to a commit that only exists in your local machine\. You'll also need to CGI escape your usernames and passwords as well\.
 .P
-Bundler does many checks to ensure a developer won\'t work with invalid references\. Particularly, we force a developer to specify a branch in the \fBGemfile\fR in order to use this feature\. If the branch specified in the \fBGemfile\fR and the current branch in the local git repository do not match, Bundler will abort\. This ensures that a developer is always working against the correct branches, and prevents accidental locking to a different branch\.
-.
+Bundler does many checks to ensure a developer won't work with invalid references\. Particularly, we force a developer to specify a branch in the \fBGemfile\fR in order to use this feature\. If the branch specified in the \fBGemfile\fR and the current branch in the local git repository do not match, Bundler will abort\. This ensures that a developer is always working against the correct branches, and prevents accidental locking to a different branch\.
 .P
 Finally, Bundler also ensures that the current revision in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR exists in the local git repository\. By doing this, Bundler forces you to fetch the latest changes in the remotes\.
-.
 .SH "MIRRORS OF GEM SOURCES"
 Bundler supports overriding gem sources with mirrors\. This allows you to configure rubygems\.org as the gem source in your Gemfile while still using your mirror to fetch gems\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global mirror\.SOURCE_URL MIRROR_URL
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 For example, to use a mirror of https://rubygems\.org hosted at https://example\.org:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global mirror\.https://rubygems\.org https://example\.org
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Each mirror also provides a fallback timeout setting\. If the mirror does not respond within the fallback timeout, Bundler will try to use the original server instead of the mirror\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global mirror\.SOURCE_URL\.fallback_timeout TIMEOUT
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 For example, to fall back to rubygems\.org after 3 seconds:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global mirror\.https://rubygems\.org\.fallback_timeout 3
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 The default fallback timeout is 0\.1 seconds, but the setting can currently only accept whole seconds (for example, 1, 15, or 30)\.
-.
 .SH "CREDENTIALS FOR GEM SOURCES"
 Bundler allows you to configure credentials for any gem source, which allows you to avoid putting secrets into your Gemfile\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global SOURCE_HOSTNAME USERNAME:PASSWORD
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 For example, to save the credentials of user \fBclaudette\fR for the gem source at \fBgems\.longerous\.com\fR, you would run:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global gems\.longerous\.com claudette:s00pers3krit
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Or you can set the credentials as an environment variable like this:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 export BUNDLE_GEMS__LONGEROUS__COM="claudette:s00pers3krit"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 For gems with a git source with HTTP(S) URL you can specify credentials like so:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-global https://github\.com/rubygems/rubygems\.git username:password
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Or you can set the credentials as an environment variable like so:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 export BUNDLE_GITHUB__COM=username:password
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 This is especially useful for private repositories on hosts such as GitHub, where you can use personal OAuth tokens:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 export BUNDLE_GITHUB__COM=abcd0123generatedtoken:x\-oauth\-basic
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Note that any configured credentials will be redacted by informative commands such as \fBbundle config list\fR or \fBbundle config get\fR, unless you use the \fB\-\-parseable\fR flag\. This is to avoid unintentionally leaking credentials when copy\-pasting bundler output\.
-.
 .P
 Also note that to guarantee a sane mapping between valid environment variable names and valid host names, bundler makes the following transformations:
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-Any \fB\-\fR characters in a host name are mapped to a triple dash (\fB___\fR) in the corresponding environment variable\.
-.
+Any \fB\-\fR characters in a host name are mapped to a triple underscore (\fB___\fR) in the corresponding environment variable\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-Any \fB\.\fR characters in a host name are mapped to a double dash (\fB__\fR) in the corresponding environment variable\.
-.
+Any \fB\.\fR characters in a host name are mapped to a double underscore (\fB__\fR) in the corresponding environment variable\.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-This means that if you have a gem server named \fBmy\.gem\-host\.com\fR, you\'ll need to use the \fBBUNDLE_MY__GEM___HOST__COM\fR variable to configure credentials for it through ENV\.
-.
+This means that if you have a gem server named \fBmy\.gem\-host\.com\fR, you'll need to use the \fBBUNDLE_MY__GEM___HOST__COM\fR variable to configure credentials for it through ENV\.
 .SH "CONFIGURE BUNDLER DIRECTORIES"
-Bundler\'s home, config, cache and plugin directories are able to be configured through environment variables\. The default location for Bundler\'s home directory is \fB~/\.bundle\fR, which all directories inherit from by default\. The following outlines the available environment variables and their default values
-.
+Bundler's home, config, cache and plugin directories are able to be configured through environment variables\. The default location for Bundler's home directory is \fB~/\.bundle\fR, which all directories inherit from by default\. The following outlines the available environment variables and their default values
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 BUNDLE_USER_HOME : $HOME/\.bundle
 BUNDLE_USER_CACHE : $BUNDLE_USER_HOME/cache
 BUNDLE_USER_CONFIG : $BUNDLE_USER_HOME/config
 BUNDLE_USER_PLUGIN : $BUNDLE_USER_HOME/plugin
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1.ronn
index 905c85fcd9..587d31dbad 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-config.1.ronn
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ bundle-config(1) -- Set bundler configuration options
 
 ## SYNOPSIS
 
-`bundle config` [list|get|set|unset] [<name> [<value>]]
+`bundle config` list<br>
+`bundle config` [get] NAME<br>
+`bundle config` [set] NAME VALUE<br>
+`bundle config` unset NAME
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -16,7 +19,7 @@ Bundler loads configuration settings in this order:
 3. Global config (`~/.bundle/config`)
 4. Bundler default config
 
-Executing `bundle config list` with will print a list of all bundler
+Executing `bundle config list` will print a list of all bundler
 configuration for the current bundle, and where that configuration
 was set.
 
@@ -262,9 +265,6 @@ learn more about their operation in [bundle install(1)](bundle-install.1.html).
 * `ssl_verify_mode` (`BUNDLE_SSL_VERIFY_MODE`):
    The SSL verification mode Bundler uses when making HTTPS requests.
    Defaults to verify peer.
-* `suppress_install_using_messages` (`BUNDLE_SUPPRESS_INSTALL_USING_MESSAGES`):
-   Avoid printing `Using ...` messages during installation when the version of
-   a gem has not changed.
 * `system_bindir` (`BUNDLE_SYSTEM_BINDIR`):
    The location where RubyGems installs binstubs. Defaults to `Gem.bindir`.
 * `timeout` (`BUNDLE_TIMEOUT`):
@@ -274,6 +274,12 @@ learn more about their operation in [bundle install(1)](bundle-install.1.html).
    and disallow passing no options to `bundle update`.
 * `user_agent` (`BUNDLE_USER_AGENT`):
    The custom user agent fragment Bundler includes in API requests.
+* `version` (`BUNDLE_VERSION`):
+   The version of Bundler to use when running under Bundler environment.
+   Defaults to `lockfile`. You can also specify `system` or `x.y.z`.
+   `lockfile` will use the Bundler version specified in the `Gemfile.lock`,
+   `system` will use the system version of Bundler, and `x.y.z` will use
+   the specified version of Bundler.
 * `with` (`BUNDLE_WITH`):
    A `:`-separated list of groups whose gems bundler should install.
 * `without` (`BUNDLE_WITHOUT`):
@@ -382,10 +388,10 @@ copy-pasting bundler output.
 Also note that to guarantee a sane mapping between valid environment variable
 names and valid host names, bundler makes the following transformations:
 
-* Any `-` characters in a host name are mapped to a triple dash (`___`) in the
+* Any `-` characters in a host name are mapped to a triple underscore (`___`) in the
   corresponding environment variable.
 
-* Any `.` characters in a host name are mapped to a double dash (`__`) in the
+* Any `.` characters in a host name are mapped to a double underscore (`__`) in the
   corresponding environment variable.
 
 This means that if you have a gem server named `my.gem-host.com`, you'll need to
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-console.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-console.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1368a50eb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-console.1
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-CONSOLE" "1" "March 2024" ""
+.SH "NAME"
+\fBbundle\-console\fR \- Deprecated way to open an IRB session with the bundle pre\-loaded
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+\fBbundle console\fR [GROUP]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+Starts an interactive Ruby console session in the context of the current bundle\.
+.P
+If no \fBGROUP\fR is specified, all gems in the \fBdefault\fR group in the Gemfile(5) \fIhttps://bundler\.io/man/gemfile\.5\.html\fR are preliminarily loaded\.
+.P
+If \fBGROUP\fR is specified, all gems in the given group in the Gemfile in addition to the gems in \fBdefault\fR group are loaded\. Even if the given group does not exist in the Gemfile, IRB console starts without any warning or error\.
+.P
+The environment variable \fBBUNDLE_CONSOLE\fR or \fBbundle config set console\fR can be used to change the shell from the following:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fBirb\fR (default)
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fBpry\fR (https://github\.com/pry/pry)
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fBripl\fR (https://github\.com/cldwalker/ripl)
+.IP "" 0
+.P
+\fBbundle console\fR uses irb by default\. An alternative Pry or Ripl can be used with \fBbundle console\fR by adjusting the \fBconsole\fR Bundler setting\. Also make sure that \fBpry\fR or \fBripl\fR is in your Gemfile\.
+.SH "EXAMPLE"
+.nf
+$ bundle config set console pry
+$ bundle console
+Resolving dependencies\|\.\|\.\|\.
+[1] pry(main)>
+.fi
+.SH "NOTES"
+This command was deprecated in Bundler 2\.1 and will be removed in 3\.0\. Use \fBbin/console\fR script, which can be generated by \fBbundle gem <NAME>\fR\.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+Gemfile(5) \fIhttps://bundler\.io/man/gemfile\.5\.html\fR
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-console.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-console.1.ronn
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f9096d386a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-console.1.ronn
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+bundle-console(1) -- Deprecated way to open an IRB session with the bundle pre-loaded
+=====================================================================================
+
+## SYNOPSIS
+
+`bundle console` [GROUP]
+
+## DESCRIPTION
+
+Starts an interactive Ruby console session in the context of the current bundle.
+
+If no `GROUP` is specified, all gems in the `default` group in the [Gemfile(5)](https://bundler.io/man/gemfile.5.html) are
+preliminarily loaded.
+
+If `GROUP` is specified, all gems in the given group in the Gemfile in addition
+to the gems in `default` group are loaded. Even if the given group does not
+exist in the Gemfile, IRB console starts without any warning or error.
+
+The environment variable `BUNDLE_CONSOLE` or `bundle config set console` can be used to change
+the shell from the following:
+
+* `irb` (default)
+* `pry` (https://github.com/pry/pry)
+* `ripl` (https://github.com/cldwalker/ripl)
+
+`bundle console` uses irb by default. An alternative Pry or Ripl can be used with
+`bundle console` by adjusting the `console` Bundler setting. Also make sure that
+`pry` or `ripl` is in your Gemfile.
+
+## EXAMPLE
+
+    $ bundle config set console pry
+    $ bundle console
+    Resolving dependencies...
+    [1] pry(main)>
+
+## NOTES
+
+This command was deprecated in Bundler 2.1 and will be removed in 3.0.
+Use `bin/console` script, which can be generated by `bundle gem <NAME>`.
+
+## SEE ALSO
+
+[Gemfile(5)](https://bundler.io/man/gemfile.5.html)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-doctor.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-doctor.1
index 6aad9858db..80eaf2a888 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-doctor.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-doctor.1
@@ -1,44 +1,30 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-DOCTOR" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-DOCTOR" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-doctor\fR \- Checks the bundle for common problems
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle doctor\fR [\-\-quiet] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Checks your Gemfile and gem environment for common problems\. If issues are detected, Bundler prints them and exits status 1\. Otherwise, Bundler prints a success message and exits status 0\.
-.
 .P
 Examples of common problems caught by bundle\-doctor include:
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Invalid Bundler settings
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Mismatched Ruby versions
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Mismatched platforms
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Uninstalled gems
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Missing dependencies
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-quiet\fR
 Only output warnings and errors\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-gemfile=<gemfile>\fR
-The location of the Gemfile(5) which Bundler should use\. This defaults to a Gemfile(5) in the current working directory\. In general, Bundler will assume that the location of the Gemfile(5) is also the project\'s root and will try to find \fBGemfile\.lock\fR and \fBvendor/cache\fR relative to this location\.
+The location of the Gemfile(5) which Bundler should use\. This defaults to a Gemfile(5) in the current working directory\. In general, Bundler will assume that the location of the Gemfile(5) is also the project's root and will try to find \fBGemfile\.lock\fR and \fBvendor/cache\fR relative to this location\.
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1
index 210dd178e8..191863c045 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1
@@ -1,165 +1,104 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-EXEC" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-EXEC" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-exec\fR \- Execute a command in the context of the bundle
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle exec\fR [\-\-keep\-file\-descriptors] \fIcommand\fR
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 This command executes the command, making all gems specified in the [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] available to \fBrequire\fR in Ruby programs\.
-.
 .P
 Essentially, if you would normally have run something like \fBrspec spec/my_spec\.rb\fR, and you want to use the gems specified in the [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] and installed via bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR, you should run \fBbundle exec rspec spec/my_spec\.rb\fR\.
-.
 .P
-Note that \fBbundle exec\fR does not require that an executable is available on your shell\'s \fB$PATH\fR\.
-.
+Note that \fBbundle exec\fR does not require that an executable is available on your shell's \fB$PATH\fR\.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-keep\-file\-descriptors\fR
-Exec in Ruby 2\.0 began discarding non\-standard file descriptors\. When this flag is passed, exec will revert to the 1\.9 behaviour of passing all file descriptors to the new process\.
-.
+Passes all file descriptors to the new processes\. Default is true from bundler version 2\.2\.26\. Setting it to false is now deprecated\.
 .SH "BUNDLE INSTALL \-\-BINSTUBS"
 If you use the \fB\-\-binstubs\fR flag in bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR, Bundler will automatically create a directory (which defaults to \fBapp_root/bin\fR) containing all of the executables available from gems in the bundle\.
-.
 .P
 After using \fB\-\-binstubs\fR, \fBbin/rspec spec/my_spec\.rb\fR is identical to \fBbundle exec rspec spec/my_spec\.rb\fR\.
-.
 .SH "ENVIRONMENT MODIFICATIONS"
 \fBbundle exec\fR makes a number of changes to the shell environment, then executes the command you specify in full\.
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-make sure that it\'s still possible to shell out to \fBbundle\fR from inside a command invoked by \fBbundle exec\fR (using \fB$BUNDLE_BIN_PATH\fR)
-.
+make sure that it's still possible to shell out to \fBbundle\fR from inside a command invoked by \fBbundle exec\fR (using \fB$BUNDLE_BIN_PATH\fR)
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 put the directory containing executables (like \fBrails\fR, \fBrspec\fR, \fBrackup\fR) for your bundle on \fB$PATH\fR
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 make sure that if bundler is invoked in the subshell, it uses the same \fBGemfile\fR (by setting \fBBUNDLE_GEMFILE\fR)
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 add \fB\-rbundler/setup\fR to \fB$RUBYOPT\fR, which makes sure that Ruby programs invoked in the subshell can see the gems in the bundle
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 It also modifies Rubygems:
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 disallow loading additional gems not in the bundle
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-modify the \fBgem\fR method to be a no\-op if a gem matching the requirements is in the bundle, and to raise a \fBGem::LoadError\fR if it\'s not
-.
+modify the \fBgem\fR method to be a no\-op if a gem matching the requirements is in the bundle, and to raise a \fBGem::LoadError\fR if it's not
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Define \fBGem\.refresh\fR to be a no\-op, since the source index is always frozen when using bundler, and to prevent gems from the system leaking into the environment
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Override \fBGem\.bin_path\fR to use the gems in the bundle, making system executables work
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Add all gems in the bundle into Gem\.loaded_specs
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-Finally, \fBbundle exec\fR also implicitly modifies \fBGemfile\.lock\fR if the lockfile and the Gemfile do not match\. Bundler needs the Gemfile to determine things such as a gem\'s groups, \fBautorequire\fR, and platforms, etc\., and that information isn\'t stored in the lockfile\. The Gemfile and lockfile must be synced in order to \fBbundle exec\fR successfully, so \fBbundle exec\fR updates the lockfile beforehand\.
-.
+Finally, \fBbundle exec\fR also implicitly modifies \fBGemfile\.lock\fR if the lockfile and the Gemfile do not match\. Bundler needs the Gemfile to determine things such as a gem's groups, \fBautorequire\fR, and platforms, etc\., and that information isn't stored in the lockfile\. The Gemfile and lockfile must be synced in order to \fBbundle exec\fR successfully, so \fBbundle exec\fR updates the lockfile beforehand\.
 .SS "Loading"
 By default, when attempting to \fBbundle exec\fR to a file with a ruby shebang, Bundler will \fBKernel\.load\fR that file instead of using \fBKernel\.exec\fR\. For the vast majority of cases, this is a performance improvement\. In a rare few cases, this could cause some subtle side\-effects (such as dependence on the exact contents of \fB$0\fR or \fB__FILE__\fR) and the optimization can be disabled by enabling the \fBdisable_exec_load\fR setting\.
-.
 .SS "Shelling out"
-Any Ruby code that opens a subshell (like \fBsystem\fR, backticks, or \fB%x{}\fR) will automatically use the current Bundler environment\. If you need to shell out to a Ruby command that is not part of your current bundle, use the \fBwith_clean_env\fR method with a block\. Any subshells created inside the block will be given the environment present before Bundler was activated\. For example, Homebrew commands run Ruby, but don\'t work inside a bundle:
-.
+Any Ruby code that opens a subshell (like \fBsystem\fR, backticks, or \fB%x{}\fR) will automatically use the current Bundler environment\. If you need to shell out to a Ruby command that is not part of your current bundle, use the \fBwith_unbundled_env\fR method with a block\. Any subshells created inside the block will be given the environment present before Bundler was activated\. For example, Homebrew commands run Ruby, but don't work inside a bundle:
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-Bundler\.with_clean_env do
+Bundler\.with_unbundled_env do
   `brew install wget`
 end
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-Using \fBwith_clean_env\fR is also necessary if you are shelling out to a different bundle\. Any Bundler commands run in a subshell will inherit the current Gemfile, so commands that need to run in the context of a different bundle also need to use \fBwith_clean_env\fR\.
-.
+Using \fBwith_unbundled_env\fR is also necessary if you are shelling out to a different bundle\. Any Bundler commands run in a subshell will inherit the current Gemfile, so commands that need to run in the context of a different bundle also need to use \fBwith_unbundled_env\fR\.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-Bundler\.with_clean_env do
+Bundler\.with_unbundled_env do
   Dir\.chdir "/other/bundler/project" do
     `bundle exec \./script`
   end
 end
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Bundler provides convenience helpers that wrap \fBsystem\fR and \fBexec\fR, and they can be used like this:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-Bundler\.clean_system(\'brew install wget\')
-Bundler\.clean_exec(\'brew install wget\')
-.
+Bundler\.clean_system('brew install wget')
+Bundler\.clean_exec('brew install wget')
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SH "RUBYGEMS PLUGINS"
 At present, the Rubygems plugin system requires all files named \fBrubygems_plugin\.rb\fR on the load path of \fIany\fR installed gem when any Ruby code requires \fBrubygems\.rb\fR\. This includes executables installed into the system, like \fBrails\fR, \fBrackup\fR, and \fBrspec\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Since Rubygems plugins can contain arbitrary Ruby code, they commonly end up activating themselves or their dependencies\.
-.
 .P
 For instance, the \fBgemcutter 0\.5\fR gem depended on \fBjson_pure\fR\. If you had that version of gemcutter installed (even if you \fIalso\fR had a newer version without this problem), Rubygems would activate \fBgemcutter 0\.5\fR and \fBjson_pure <latest>\fR\.
-.
 .P
 If your Gemfile(5) also contained \fBjson_pure\fR (or a gem with a dependency on \fBjson_pure\fR), the latest version on your system might conflict with the version in your Gemfile(5), or the snapshot version in your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\.
-.
 .P
 If this happens, bundler will say:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 You have already activated json_pure 1\.4\.6 but your Gemfile
 requires json_pure 1\.4\.3\. Consider using bundle exec\.
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In this situation, you almost certainly want to remove the underlying gem with the problematic gem plugin\. In general, the authors of these plugins (in this case, the \fBgemcutter\fR gem) have released newer versions that are more careful in their plugins\.
-.
 .P
 You can find a list of all the gems containing gem plugins by running
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-ruby \-e "puts Gem\.find_files(\'rubygems_plugin\.rb\')"
-.
+ruby \-e "puts Gem\.find_files('rubygems_plugin\.rb')"
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-At the very least, you should remove all but the newest version of each gem plugin, and also remove all gem plugins that you aren\'t using (\fBgem uninstall gem_name\fR)\.
+At the very least, you should remove all but the newest version of each gem plugin, and also remove all gem plugins that you aren't using (\fBgem uninstall gem_name\fR)\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1.ronn
index 5f5e78ed12..9d5b559f26 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-exec.1.ronn
@@ -21,9 +21,8 @@ available on your shell's `$PATH`.
 ## OPTIONS
 
 * `--keep-file-descriptors`:
-  Exec in Ruby 2.0 began discarding non-standard file descriptors. When this
-  flag is passed, exec will revert to the 1.9 behaviour of passing all file
-  descriptors to the new process.
+  Passes all file descriptors to the new processes. Default is true from
+  bundler version 2.2.26. Setting it to false is now deprecated.
 
 ## BUNDLE INSTALL --BINSTUBS
 
@@ -84,20 +83,20 @@ the `disable_exec_load` setting.
 Any Ruby code that opens a subshell (like `system`, backticks, or `%x{}`) will
 automatically use the current Bundler environment. If you need to shell out to
 a Ruby command that is not part of your current bundle, use the
-`with_clean_env` method with a block. Any subshells created inside the block
+`with_unbundled_env` method with a block. Any subshells created inside the block
 will be given the environment present before Bundler was activated. For
 example, Homebrew commands run Ruby, but don't work inside a bundle:
 
-    Bundler.with_clean_env do
+    Bundler.with_unbundled_env do
       `brew install wget`
     end
 
-Using `with_clean_env` is also necessary if you are shelling out to a different
+Using `with_unbundled_env` is also necessary if you are shelling out to a different
 bundle. Any Bundler commands run in a subshell will inherit the current
 Gemfile, so commands that need to run in the context of a different bundle also
-need to use `with_clean_env`.
+need to use `with_unbundled_env`.
 
-    Bundler.with_clean_env do
+    Bundler.with_unbundled_env do
       Dir.chdir "/other/bundler/project" do
         `bundle exec ./script`
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1
index 0fb6f7d0ab..464d8d1126 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1
@@ -1,115 +1,69 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-GEM" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-GEM" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-gem\fR \- Generate a project skeleton for creating a rubygem
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle gem\fR \fIGEM_NAME\fR \fIOPTIONS\fR
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Generates a directory named \fBGEM_NAME\fR with a \fBRakefile\fR, \fBGEM_NAME\.gemspec\fR, and other supporting files and directories that can be used to develop a rubygem with that name\.
-.
 .P
 Run \fBrake \-T\fR in the resulting project for a list of Rake tasks that can be used to test and publish the gem to rubygems\.org\.
-.
 .P
-The generated project skeleton can be customized with OPTIONS, as explained below\. Note that these options can also be specified via Bundler\'s global configuration file using the following names:
-.
+The generated project skeleton can be customized with OPTIONS, as explained below\. Note that these options can also be specified via Bundler's global configuration file using the following names:
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBgem\.coc\fR
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBgem\.mit\fR
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBgem\.test\fR
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-exe\fR or \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-\-bin\fR
-Specify that Bundler should create a binary executable (as \fBexe/GEM_NAME\fR) in the generated rubygem project\. This binary will also be added to the \fBGEM_NAME\.gemspec\fR manifest\. This behavior is disabled by default\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-no\-exe\fR
-Do not create a binary (overrides \fB\-\-exe\fR specified in the global config)\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-coc\fR
-Add a \fBCODE_OF_CONDUCT\.md\fR file to the root of the generated project\. If this option is unspecified, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler\'s global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-no\-coc\fR
-Do not create a \fBCODE_OF_CONDUCT\.md\fR (overrides \fB\-\-coc\fR specified in the global config)\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-ext\fR
-Add boilerplate for C extension code to the generated project\. This behavior is disabled by default\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-no\-ext\fR
-Do not add C extension code (overrides \fB\-\-ext\fR specified in the global config)\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-mit\fR
-Add an MIT license to a \fBLICENSE\.txt\fR file in the root of the generated project\. Your name from the global git config is used for the copyright statement\. If this option is unspecified, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler\'s global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-no\-mit\fR
-Do not create a \fBLICENSE\.txt\fR (overrides \fB\-\-mit\fR specified in the global config)\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-test=minitest\fR, \fB\-\-test=rspec\fR, \fB\-\-test=test\-unit\fR
-Specify the test framework that Bundler should use when generating the project\. Acceptable values are \fBminitest\fR, \fBrspec\fR and \fBtest\-unit\fR\. The \fBGEM_NAME\.gemspec\fR will be configured and a skeleton test/spec directory will be created based on this option\. Given no option is specified:
-.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-exe\fR or \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-\-bin\fR: Specify that Bundler should create a binary executable (as \fBexe/GEM_NAME\fR) in the generated rubygem project\. This binary will also be added to the \fBGEM_NAME\.gemspec\fR manifest\. This behavior is disabled by default\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-no\-exe\fR: Do not create a binary (overrides \fB\-\-exe\fR specified in the global config)\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-coc\fR: Add a \fBCODE_OF_CONDUCT\.md\fR file to the root of the generated project\. If this option is unspecified, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler's global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-no\-coc\fR: Do not create a \fBCODE_OF_CONDUCT\.md\fR (overrides \fB\-\-coc\fR specified in the global config)\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-ext=c\fR, \fB\-\-ext=rust\fR Add boilerplate for C or Rust (currently magnus \fIhttps://docs\.rs/magnus\fR based) extension code to the generated project\. This behavior is disabled by default\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-no\-ext\fR: Do not add extension code (overrides \fB\-\-ext\fR specified in the global config)\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-mit\fR: Add an MIT license to a \fBLICENSE\.txt\fR file in the root of the generated project\. Your name from the global git config is used for the copyright statement\. If this option is unspecified, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler's global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-no\-mit\fR: Do not create a \fBLICENSE\.txt\fR (overrides \fB\-\-mit\fR specified in the global config)\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-test=minitest\fR, \fB\-\-test=rspec\fR, \fB\-\-test=test\-unit\fR: Specify the test framework that Bundler should use when generating the project\. Acceptable values are \fBminitest\fR, \fBrspec\fR and \fBtest\-unit\fR\. The \fBGEM_NAME\.gemspec\fR will be configured and a skeleton test/spec directory will be created based on this option\. Given no option is specified:
 .IP
-When Bundler is configured to generate tests, this defaults to Bundler\'s global config setting \fBgem\.test\fR\.
-.
+When Bundler is configured to generate tests, this defaults to Bundler's global config setting \fBgem\.test\fR\.
 .IP
 When Bundler is configured to not generate tests, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be used for the current rubygem project\.
-.
 .IP
-When Bundler is unconfigured, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler\'s global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-ci\fR, \fB\-\-ci=github\fR, \fB\-\-ci=travis\fR, \fB\-\-ci=gitlab\fR, \fB\-\-ci=circle\fR
-Specify the continuous integration service that Bundler should use when generating the project\. Acceptable values are \fBgithub\fR, \fBtravis\fR, \fBgitlab\fR and \fBcircle\fR\. A configuration file will be generated in the project directory\. Given no option is specified:
-.
+When Bundler is unconfigured, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler's global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-ci\fR, \fB\-\-ci=github\fR, \fB\-\-ci=gitlab\fR, \fB\-\-ci=circle\fR: Specify the continuous integration service that Bundler should use when generating the project\. Acceptable values are \fBgithub\fR, \fBgitlab\fR and \fBcircle\fR\. A configuration file will be generated in the project directory\. Given no option is specified:
 .IP
-When Bundler is configured to generate CI files, this defaults to Bundler\'s global config setting \fBgem\.ci\fR\.
-.
+When Bundler is configured to generate CI files, this defaults to Bundler's global config setting \fBgem\.ci\fR\.
 .IP
 When Bundler is configured to not generate CI files, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be used for the current rubygem project\.
-.
 .IP
-When Bundler is unconfigured, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler\'s global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-\-linter\fR, \fB\-\-linter=rubocop\fR, \fB\-\-linter=standard\fR
-Specify the linter and code formatter that Bundler should add to the project\'s development dependencies\. Acceptable values are \fBrubocop\fR and \fBstandard\fR\. A configuration file will be generated in the project directory\. Given no option is specified:
-.
+When Bundler is unconfigured, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler's global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-\-linter\fR, \fB\-\-linter=rubocop\fR, \fB\-\-linter=standard\fR: Specify the linter and code formatter that Bundler should add to the project's development dependencies\. Acceptable values are \fBrubocop\fR and \fBstandard\fR\. A configuration file will be generated in the project directory\. Given no option is specified:
 .IP
-When Bundler is configured to add a linter, this defaults to Bundler\'s global config setting \fBgem\.linter\fR\.
-.
+When Bundler is configured to add a linter, this defaults to Bundler's global config setting \fBgem\.linter\fR\.
 .IP
 When Bundler is configured not to add a linter, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be used for the current rubygem project\.
-.
 .IP
-When Bundler is unconfigured, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler\'s global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
-.
-.TP
-\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-edit[=EDITOR]\fR
-Open the resulting GEM_NAME\.gemspec in EDITOR, or the default editor if not specified\. The default is \fB$BUNDLER_EDITOR\fR, \fB$VISUAL\fR, or \fB$EDITOR\fR\.
-.
+When Bundler is unconfigured, an interactive prompt will be displayed and the answer will be saved in Bundler's global config for future \fBbundle gem\fR use\.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-edit[=EDITOR]\fR: Open the resulting GEM_NAME\.gemspec in EDITOR, or the default editor if not specified\. The default is \fB$BUNDLER_EDITOR\fR, \fB$VISUAL\fR, or \fB$EDITOR\fR\.
+.IP "" 0
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 bundle config(1) \fIbundle\-config\.1\.html\fR
-.
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1.ronn
index 61c741fb24..46fa2f179f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-gem.1.ronn
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ configuration file using the following names:
   Do not create a `CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md` (overrides `--coc` specified in the
   global config).
 
-* `--ext`:
-  Add boilerplate for C extension code to the generated project. This behavior
+* `--ext=c`, `--ext=rust`
+  Add boilerplate for C or Rust (currently [magnus](https://docs.rs/magnus) based) extension code to the generated project. This behavior
   is disabled by default.
 
 * `--no-ext`:
-  Do not add C extension code (overrides `--ext` specified in the global
+  Do not add extension code (overrides `--ext` specified in the global
   config).
 
 * `--mit`:
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ configuration file using the following names:
   the answer will be saved in Bundler's global config for future `bundle gem`
   use.
 
-* `--ci`, `--ci=github`, `--ci=travis`, `--ci=gitlab`, `--ci=circle`:
+* `--ci`, `--ci=github`, `--ci=gitlab`, `--ci=circle`:
   Specify the continuous integration service that Bundler should use when
-  generating the project. Acceptable values are `github`, `travis`, `gitlab`
+  generating the project. Acceptable values are `github`, `gitlab`
   and `circle`. A configuration file will be generated in the project directory.
   Given no option is specified:
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-help.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-help.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3604ad6127
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-help.1
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-HELP" "1" "March 2024" ""
+.SH "NAME"
+\fBbundle\-help\fR \- Displays detailed help for each subcommand
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+\fBbundle help\fR [COMMAND]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+Displays detailed help for the given subcommand\. You can specify a single \fBCOMMAND\fR at the same time\. When \fBCOMMAND\fR is omitted, help for \fBhelp\fR command will be displayed\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-help.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-help.1.ronn
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e144aead7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-help.1.ronn
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+bundle-help(1) -- Displays detailed help for each subcommand
+============================================================
+
+## SYNOPSIS
+
+`bundle help` [COMMAND]
+
+## DESCRIPTION
+
+Displays detailed help for the given subcommand.
+You can specify a single `COMMAND` at the same time.
+When `COMMAND` is omitted, help for `help` command will be displayed.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1
index d3bad843b8..647f5987be 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1
@@ -1,19 +1,13 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-INFO" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-INFO" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-info\fR \- Show information for the given gem in your bundle
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle info\fR [GEM] [\-\-path]
-.
+\fBbundle info\fR [GEM_NAME] [\-\-path]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
-Print the basic information about the provided GEM such as homepage, version, path and summary\.
-.
+Given a gem name present in your bundle, print the basic information about it such as homepage, version, path and summary\.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-path\fR
 Print the path of the given gem
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1.ronn
index 47e457aa3c..cecdeb564f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-info.1.ronn
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ bundle-info(1) -- Show information for the given gem in your bundle
 
 ## SYNOPSIS
 
-`bundle info` [GEM]
+`bundle info` [GEM_NAME]
               [--path]
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 
-Print the basic information about the provided GEM such as homepage, version,
-path and summary.
+Given a gem name present in your bundle, print the basic information about it
+ such as homepage, version, path and summary.
 
 ## OPTIONS
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1
index 0b3abfeefc..2c41a3c7de 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1
@@ -1,25 +1,20 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-INIT" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-INIT" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-init\fR \- Generates a Gemfile into the current working directory
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle init\fR [\-\-gemspec=FILE]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Init generates a default [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] in the current working directory\. When adding a [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] to a gem with a gemspec, the \fB\-\-gemspec\fR option will automatically add each dependency listed in the gemspec file to the newly created [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)]\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-gemspec\fR
 Use the specified \.gemspec to create the [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)]
-.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-gemfile\fR
+Use the specified name for the gemfile instead of \fBGemfile\fR
 .SH "FILES"
 Included in the default [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] generated is the line \fB# frozen_string_literal: true\fR\. This is a magic comment supported for the first time in Ruby 2\.3\. The presence of this line results in all string literals in the file being implicitly frozen\.
-.
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 Gemfile(5) \fIhttps://bundler\.io/man/gemfile\.5\.html\fR
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1.ronn
index 9d3d97deea..7d3cede1f6 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-init.1.ronn
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ created [`Gemfile(5)`][Gemfile(5)].
 
 * `--gemspec`:
   Use the specified .gemspec to create the [`Gemfile(5)`][Gemfile(5)]
+* `--gemfile`:
+  Use the specified name for the gemfile instead of `Gemfile`
 
 ## FILES
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-inject.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-inject.1
index 53f2eaae0a..c7269db34d 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-inject.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-inject.1
@@ -1,36 +1,23 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-INJECT" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-INJECT" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-inject\fR \- Add named gem(s) with version requirements to Gemfile
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle inject\fR [GEM] [VERSION]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Adds the named gem(s) with their version requirements to the resolved [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)]\.
-.
 .P
-This command will add the gem to both your [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] and Gemfile\.lock if it isn\'t listed yet\.
-.
+This command will add the gem to both your [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] and Gemfile\.lock if it isn't listed yet\.
 .P
 Example:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle install
-bundle inject \'rack\' \'> 0\'
-.
+bundle inject 'rack' '> 0'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-This will inject the \'rack\' gem with a version greater than 0 in your [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] and Gemfile\.lock\.
-.
+This will inject the 'rack' gem with a version greater than 0 in your [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)] and Gemfile\.lock\.
 .P
 The \fBbundle inject\fR command was deprecated in Bundler 2\.1 and will be removed in Bundler 3\.0\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1
index 8e94fe2437..3fa1a467e2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1
@@ -1,342 +1,215 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-INSTALL" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-INSTALL" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-install\fR \- Install the dependencies specified in your Gemfile
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle install\fR [\-\-binstubs[=DIRECTORY]] [\-\-clean] [\-\-deployment] [\-\-frozen] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE] [\-\-jobs=NUMBER] [\-\-local] [\-\-no\-cache] [\-\-no\-prune] [\-\-path PATH] [\-\-quiet] [\-\-redownload] [\-\-retry=NUMBER] [\-\-shebang] [\-\-standalone[=GROUP[ GROUP\.\.\.]]] [\-\-system] [\-\-trust\-policy=POLICY] [\-\-with=GROUP[ GROUP\.\.\.]] [\-\-without=GROUP[ GROUP\.\.\.]]
-.
+\fBbundle install\fR [\-\-binstubs[=DIRECTORY]] [\-\-clean] [\-\-deployment] [\-\-frozen] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE] [\-\-jobs=NUMBER] [\-\-local] [\-\-no\-cache] [\-\-no\-prune] [\-\-path PATH] [\-\-prefer\-local] [\-\-quiet] [\-\-redownload] [\-\-retry=NUMBER] [\-\-shebang] [\-\-standalone[=GROUP[ GROUP\|\.\|\.\|\.]]] [\-\-system] [\-\-trust\-policy=POLICY] [\-\-with=GROUP[ GROUP\|\.\|\.\|\.]] [\-\-without=GROUP[ GROUP\|\.\|\.\|\.]]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Install the gems specified in your Gemfile(5)\. If this is the first time you run bundle install (and a \fBGemfile\.lock\fR does not exist), Bundler will fetch all remote sources, resolve dependencies and install all needed gems\.
-.
 .P
 If a \fBGemfile\.lock\fR does exist, and you have not updated your Gemfile(5), Bundler will fetch all remote sources, but use the dependencies specified in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR instead of resolving dependencies\.
-.
 .P
 If a \fBGemfile\.lock\fR does exist, and you have updated your Gemfile(5), Bundler will use the dependencies in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR for all gems that you did not update, but will re\-resolve the dependencies of gems that you did update\. You can find more information about this update process below under \fICONSERVATIVE UPDATING\fR\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
 The \fB\-\-clean\fR, \fB\-\-deployment\fR, \fB\-\-frozen\fR, \fB\-\-no\-prune\fR, \fB\-\-path\fR, \fB\-\-shebang\fR, \fB\-\-system\fR, \fB\-\-without\fR and \fB\-\-with\fR options are deprecated because they only make sense if they are applied to every subsequent \fBbundle install\fR run automatically and that requires \fBbundler\fR to silently remember them\. Since \fBbundler\fR will no longer remember CLI flags in future versions, \fBbundle config\fR (see bundle\-config(1)) should be used to apply them permanently\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-binstubs[=<directory>]\fR
 Binstubs are scripts that wrap around executables\. Bundler creates a small Ruby file (a binstub) that loads Bundler, runs the command, and puts it in \fBbin/\fR\. This lets you link the binstub inside of an application to the exact gem version the application needs\.
-.
 .IP
-Creates a directory (defaults to \fB~/bin\fR) and places any executables from the gem there\. These executables run in Bundler\'s context\. If used, you might add this directory to your environment\'s \fBPATH\fR variable\. For instance, if the \fBrails\fR gem comes with a \fBrails\fR executable, this flag will create a \fBbin/rails\fR executable that ensures that all referred dependencies will be resolved using the bundled gems\.
-.
+Creates a directory (defaults to \fB~/bin\fR) and places any executables from the gem there\. These executables run in Bundler's context\. If used, you might add this directory to your environment's \fBPATH\fR variable\. For instance, if the \fBrails\fR gem comes with a \fBrails\fR executable, this flag will create a \fBbin/rails\fR executable that ensures that all referred dependencies will be resolved using the bundled gems\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-clean\fR
-On finishing the installation Bundler is going to remove any gems not present in the current Gemfile(5)\. Don\'t worry, gems currently in use will not be removed\.
-.
+On finishing the installation Bundler is going to remove any gems not present in the current Gemfile(5)\. Don't worry, gems currently in use will not be removed\.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBclean\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-deployment\fR
-In \fIdeployment mode\fR, Bundler will \'roll\-out\' the bundle for production or CI use\. Please check carefully if you want to have this option enabled in your development environment\.
-.
+In \fIdeployment mode\fR, Bundler will 'roll\-out' the bundle for production or CI use\. Please check carefully if you want to have this option enabled in your development environment\.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBdeployment\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-redownload\fR
 Force download every gem, even if the required versions are already available locally\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-frozen\fR
 Do not allow the Gemfile\.lock to be updated after this install\. Exits non\-zero if there are going to be changes to the Gemfile\.lock\.
-.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBfrozen\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-full\-index\fR
-Bundler will not call Rubygems\' API endpoint (default) but download and cache a (currently big) index file of all gems\. Performance can be improved for large bundles that seldom change by enabling this option\.
-.
+Bundler will not call Rubygems' API endpoint (default) but download and cache a (currently big) index file of all gems\. Performance can be improved for large bundles that seldom change by enabling this option\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-gemfile=<gemfile>\fR
-The location of the Gemfile(5) which Bundler should use\. This defaults to a Gemfile(5) in the current working directory\. In general, Bundler will assume that the location of the Gemfile(5) is also the project\'s root and will try to find \fBGemfile\.lock\fR and \fBvendor/cache\fR relative to this location\.
-.
+The location of the Gemfile(5) which Bundler should use\. This defaults to a Gemfile(5) in the current working directory\. In general, Bundler will assume that the location of the Gemfile(5) is also the project's root and will try to find \fBGemfile\.lock\fR and \fBvendor/cache\fR relative to this location\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-jobs=[<number>]\fR, \fB\-j[<number>]\fR
 The maximum number of parallel download and install jobs\. The default is the number of available processors\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-local\fR
-Do not attempt to connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR\. Instead, Bundler will use the gems already present in Rubygems\' cache or in \fBvendor/cache\fR\. Note that if an appropriate platform\-specific gem exists on \fBrubygems\.org\fR it will not be found\.
-.
+Do not attempt to connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR\. Instead, Bundler will use the gems already present in Rubygems' cache or in \fBvendor/cache\fR\. Note that if an appropriate platform\-specific gem exists on \fBrubygems\.org\fR it will not be found\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-prefer\-local\fR
-Force using locally installed gems, or gems already present in Rubygems\' cache or in \fBvendor/cache\fR, when resolving, even if newer versions are available remotely\. Only attempt to connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR for gems that are not present locally\.
-.
+Force using locally installed gems, or gems already present in Rubygems' cache or in \fBvendor/cache\fR, when resolving, even if newer versions are available remotely\. Only attempt to connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR for gems that are not present locally\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-no\-cache\fR
 Do not update the cache in \fBvendor/cache\fR with the newly bundled gems\. This does not remove any gems in the cache but keeps the newly bundled gems from being cached during the install\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-no\-prune\fR
-Don\'t remove stale gems from the cache when the installation finishes\.
-.
+Don't remove stale gems from the cache when the installation finishes\.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBno_prune\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-path=<path>\fR
-The location to install the specified gems to\. This defaults to Rubygems\' setting\. Bundler shares this location with Rubygems, \fBgem install \.\.\.\fR will have gem installed there, too\. Therefore, gems installed without a \fB\-\-path \.\.\.\fR setting will show up by calling \fBgem list\fR\. Accordingly, gems installed to other locations will not get listed\.
-.
+The location to install the specified gems to\. This defaults to Rubygems' setting\. Bundler shares this location with Rubygems, \fBgem install \|\.\|\.\|\.\fR will have gem installed there, too\. Therefore, gems installed without a \fB\-\-path \|\.\|\.\|\.\fR setting will show up by calling \fBgem list\fR\. Accordingly, gems installed to other locations will not get listed\.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBpath\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-quiet\fR
 Do not print progress information to the standard output\. Instead, Bundler will exit using a status code (\fB$?\fR)\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-retry=[<number>]\fR
 Retry failed network or git requests for \fInumber\fR times\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-shebang=<ruby\-executable>\fR
 Uses the specified ruby executable (usually \fBruby\fR) to execute the scripts created with \fB\-\-binstubs\fR\. In addition, if you use \fB\-\-binstubs\fR together with \fB\-\-shebang jruby\fR these executables will be changed to execute \fBjruby\fR instead\.
-.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBshebang\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-standalone[=<list>]\fR
-Makes a bundle that can work without depending on Rubygems or Bundler at runtime\. A space separated list of groups to install has to be specified\. Bundler creates a directory named \fBbundle\fR and installs the bundle there\. It also generates a \fBbundle/bundler/setup\.rb\fR file to replace Bundler\'s own setup in the manner required\. Using this option implicitly sets \fBpath\fR, which is a [remembered option][REMEMBERED OPTIONS]\.
-.
+Makes a bundle that can work without depending on Rubygems or Bundler at runtime\. A space separated list of groups to install has to be specified\. Bundler creates a directory named \fBbundle\fR and installs the bundle there\. It also generates a \fBbundle/bundler/setup\.rb\fR file to replace Bundler's own setup in the manner required\. Using this option implicitly sets \fBpath\fR, which is a [remembered option][REMEMBERED OPTIONS]\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-system\fR
-Installs the gems specified in the bundle to the system\'s Rubygems location\. This overrides any previous configuration of \fB\-\-path\fR\.
-.
+Installs the gems specified in the bundle to the system's Rubygems location\. This overrides any previous configuration of \fB\-\-path\fR\.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBsystem\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-trust\-policy=[<policy>]\fR
 Apply the Rubygems security policy \fIpolicy\fR, where policy is one of \fBHighSecurity\fR, \fBMediumSecurity\fR, \fBLowSecurity\fR, \fBAlmostNoSecurity\fR, or \fBNoSecurity\fR\. For more details, please see the Rubygems signing documentation linked below in \fISEE ALSO\fR\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-with=<list>\fR
 A space\-separated list of groups referencing gems to install\. If an optional group is given it is installed\. If a group is given that is in the remembered list of groups given to \-\-without, it is removed from that list\.
-.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBwith\fR setting\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-without=<list>\fR
 A space\-separated list of groups referencing gems to skip during installation\. If a group is given that is in the remembered list of groups given to \-\-with, it is removed from that list\.
-.
 .IP
 This option is deprecated in favor of the \fBwithout\fR setting\.
-.
 .SH "DEPLOYMENT MODE"
-Bundler\'s defaults are optimized for development\. To switch to defaults optimized for deployment and for CI, use the \fB\-\-deployment\fR flag\. Do not activate deployment mode on development machines, as it will cause an error when the Gemfile(5) is modified\.
-.
+Bundler's defaults are optimized for development\. To switch to defaults optimized for deployment and for CI, use the \fB\-\-deployment\fR flag\. Do not activate deployment mode on development machines, as it will cause an error when the Gemfile(5) is modified\.
 .IP "1." 4
 A \fBGemfile\.lock\fR is required\.
-.
 .IP
 To ensure that the same versions of the gems you developed with and tested with are also used in deployments, a \fBGemfile\.lock\fR is required\.
-.
 .IP
 This is mainly to ensure that you remember to check your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR into version control\.
-.
 .IP "2." 4
 The \fBGemfile\.lock\fR must be up to date
-.
 .IP
 In development, you can modify your Gemfile(5) and re\-run \fBbundle install\fR to \fIconservatively update\fR your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR snapshot\.
-.
 .IP
 In deployment, your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR should be up\-to\-date with changes made in your Gemfile(5)\.
-.
 .IP "3." 4
 Gems are installed to \fBvendor/bundle\fR not your default system location
-.
 .IP
-In development, it\'s convenient to share the gems used in your application with other applications and other scripts that run on the system\.
-.
+In development, it's convenient to share the gems used in your application with other applications and other scripts that run on the system\.
 .IP
 In deployment, isolation is a more important default\. In addition, the user deploying the application may not have permission to install gems to the system, or the web server may not have permission to read them\.
-.
 .IP
 As a result, \fBbundle install \-\-deployment\fR installs gems to the \fBvendor/bundle\fR directory in the application\. This may be overridden using the \fB\-\-path\fR option\.
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
-.SH "SUDO USAGE"
-By default, Bundler installs gems to the same location as \fBgem install\fR\.
-.
-.P
-In some cases, that location may not be writable by your Unix user\. In that case, Bundler will stage everything in a temporary directory, then ask you for your \fBsudo\fR password in order to copy the gems into their system location\.
-.
-.P
-From your perspective, this is identical to installing the gems directly into the system\.
-.
-.P
-You should never use \fBsudo bundle install\fR\. This is because several other steps in \fBbundle install\fR must be performed as the current user:
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Updating your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Updating your \fBvendor/cache\fR, if necessary
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Checking out private git repositories using your user\'s SSH keys
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Of these three, the first two could theoretically be performed by \fBchown\fRing the resulting files to \fB$SUDO_USER\fR\. The third, however, can only be performed by invoking the \fBgit\fR command as the current user\. Therefore, git gems are downloaded and installed into \fB~/\.bundle\fR rather than $GEM_HOME or $BUNDLE_PATH\.
-.
-.P
-As a result, you should run \fBbundle install\fR as the current user, and Bundler will ask for your password if it is needed to put the gems into their final location\.
-.
 .SH "INSTALLING GROUPS"
 By default, \fBbundle install\fR will install all gems in all groups in your Gemfile(5), except those declared for a different platform\.
-.
 .P
 However, you can explicitly tell Bundler to skip installing certain groups with the \fB\-\-without\fR option\. This option takes a space\-separated list of groups\.
-.
 .P
 While the \fB\-\-without\fR option will skip \fIinstalling\fR the gems in the specified groups, it will still \fIdownload\fR those gems and use them to resolve the dependencies of every gem in your Gemfile(5)\.
-.
 .P
 This is so that installing a different set of groups on another machine (such as a production server) will not change the gems and versions that you have already developed and tested against\.
-.
 .P
 \fBBundler offers a rock\-solid guarantee that the third\-party code you are running in development and testing is also the third\-party code you are running in production\. You can choose to exclude some of that code in different environments, but you will never be caught flat\-footed by different versions of third\-party code being used in different environments\.\fR
-.
 .P
 For a simple illustration, consider the following Gemfile(5):
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
+source 'https://rubygems\.org'
 
-source \'https://rubygems\.org\'
-
-gem \'sinatra\'
+gem 'sinatra'
 
 group :production do
-  gem \'rack\-perftools\-profiler\'
+  gem 'rack\-perftools\-profiler'
 end
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In this case, \fBsinatra\fR depends on any version of Rack (\fB>= 1\.0\fR), while \fBrack\-perftools\-profiler\fR depends on 1\.x (\fB~> 1\.0\fR)\.
-.
 .P
 When you run \fBbundle install \-\-without production\fR in development, we look at the dependencies of \fBrack\-perftools\-profiler\fR as well\. That way, you do not spend all your time developing against Rack 2\.0, using new APIs unavailable in Rack 1\.x, only to have Bundler switch to Rack 1\.2 when the \fBproduction\fR group \fIis\fR used\.
-.
 .P
 This should not cause any problems in practice, because we do not attempt to \fBinstall\fR the gems in the excluded groups, and only evaluate as part of the dependency resolution process\.
-.
 .P
 This also means that you cannot include different versions of the same gem in different groups, because doing so would result in different sets of dependencies used in development and production\. Because of the vagaries of the dependency resolution process, this usually affects more than the gems you list in your Gemfile(5), and can (surprisingly) radically change the gems you are using\.
-.
 .SH "THE GEMFILE\.LOCK"
 When you run \fBbundle install\fR, Bundler will persist the full names and versions of all gems that you used (including dependencies of the gems specified in the Gemfile(5)) into a file called \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Bundler uses this file in all subsequent calls to \fBbundle install\fR, which guarantees that you always use the same exact code, even as your application moves across machines\.
-.
 .P
 Because of the way dependency resolution works, even a seemingly small change (for instance, an update to a point\-release of a dependency of a gem in your Gemfile(5)) can result in radically different gems being needed to satisfy all dependencies\.
-.
 .P
 As a result, you \fBSHOULD\fR check your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR into version control, in both applications and gems\. If you do not, every machine that checks out your repository (including your production server) will resolve all dependencies again, which will result in different versions of third\-party code being used if \fBany\fR of the gems in the Gemfile(5) or any of their dependencies have been updated\.
-.
 .P
 When Bundler first shipped, the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR was included in the \fB\.gitignore\fR file included with generated gems\. Over time, however, it became clear that this practice forces the pain of broken dependencies onto new contributors, while leaving existing contributors potentially unaware of the problem\. Since \fBbundle install\fR is usually the first step towards a contribution, the pain of broken dependencies would discourage new contributors from contributing\. As a result, we have revised our guidance for gem authors to now recommend checking in the lock for gems\.
-.
 .SH "CONSERVATIVE UPDATING"
 When you make a change to the Gemfile(5) and then run \fBbundle install\fR, Bundler will update only the gems that you modified\.
-.
 .P
 In other words, if a gem that you \fBdid not modify\fR worked before you called \fBbundle install\fR, it will continue to use the exact same versions of all dependencies as it used before the update\.
-.
 .P
-Let\'s take a look at an example\. Here\'s your original Gemfile(5):
-.
+Let's take a look at an example\. Here's your original Gemfile(5):
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
+source 'https://rubygems\.org'
 
-source \'https://rubygems\.org\'
-
-gem \'actionpack\', \'2\.3\.8\'
-gem \'activemerchant\'
-.
+gem 'actionpack', '2\.3\.8'
+gem 'activemerchant'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In this case, both \fBactionpack\fR and \fBactivemerchant\fR depend on \fBactivesupport\fR\. The \fBactionpack\fR gem depends on \fBactivesupport 2\.3\.8\fR and \fBrack ~> 1\.1\.0\fR, while the \fBactivemerchant\fR gem depends on \fBactivesupport >= 2\.3\.2\fR, \fBbraintree >= 2\.0\.0\fR, and \fBbuilder >= 2\.0\.0\fR\.
-.
 .P
 When the dependencies are first resolved, Bundler will select \fBactivesupport 2\.3\.8\fR, which satisfies the requirements of both gems in your Gemfile(5)\.
-.
 .P
 Next, you modify your Gemfile(5) to:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
+source 'https://rubygems\.org'
 
-source \'https://rubygems\.org\'
-
-gem \'actionpack\', \'3\.0\.0\.rc\'
-gem \'activemerchant\'
-.
+gem 'actionpack', '3\.0\.0\.rc'
+gem 'activemerchant'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 The \fBactionpack 3\.0\.0\.rc\fR gem has a number of new dependencies, and updates the \fBactivesupport\fR dependency to \fB= 3\.0\.0\.rc\fR and the \fBrack\fR dependency to \fB~> 1\.2\.1\fR\.
-.
 .P
 When you run \fBbundle install\fR, Bundler notices that you changed the \fBactionpack\fR gem, but not the \fBactivemerchant\fR gem\. It evaluates the gems currently being used to satisfy its requirements:
-.
 .TP
 \fBactivesupport 2\.3\.8\fR
 also used to satisfy a dependency in \fBactivemerchant\fR, which is not being updated
-.
 .TP
 \fBrack ~> 1\.1\.0\fR
 not currently being used to satisfy another dependency
-.
 .P
 Because you did not explicitly ask to update \fBactivemerchant\fR, you would not expect it to suddenly stop working after updating \fBactionpack\fR\. However, satisfying the new \fBactivesupport 3\.0\.0\.rc\fR dependency of actionpack requires updating one of its dependencies\.
-.
 .P
 Even though \fBactivemerchant\fR declares a very loose dependency that theoretically matches \fBactivesupport 3\.0\.0\.rc\fR, Bundler treats gems in your Gemfile(5) that have not changed as an atomic unit together with their dependencies\. In this case, the \fBactivemerchant\fR dependency is treated as \fBactivemerchant 1\.7\.1 + activesupport 2\.3\.8\fR, so \fBbundle install\fR will report that it cannot update \fBactionpack\fR\.
-.
 .P
 To explicitly update \fBactionpack\fR, including its dependencies which other gems in the Gemfile(5) still depend on, run \fBbundle update actionpack\fR (see \fBbundle update(1)\fR)\.
-.
 .P
 \fBSummary\fR: In general, after making a change to the Gemfile(5) , you should first try to run \fBbundle install\fR, which will guarantee that no other gem in the Gemfile(5) is impacted by the change\. If that does not work, run bundle update(1) \fIbundle\-update\.1\.html\fR\.
-.
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-Gem install docs \fIhttp://guides\.rubygems\.org/rubygems\-basics/#installing\-gems\fR
-.
+Gem install docs \fIhttps://guides\.rubygems\.org/rubygems\-basics/#installing\-gems\fR
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-Rubygems signing docs \fIhttp://guides\.rubygems\.org/security/\fR
-.
+Rubygems signing docs \fIhttps://guides\.rubygems\.org/security/\fR
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1.ronn
index 47200ac2d5..ed8169de05 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-install.1.ronn
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ bundle-install(1) -- Install the dependencies specified in your Gemfile
                  [--no-cache]
                  [--no-prune]
                  [--path PATH]
+                 [--prefer-local]
                  [--quiet]
                  [--redownload]
                  [--retry=NUMBER]
@@ -224,35 +225,6 @@ will cause an error when the Gemfile(5) is modified.
    the `vendor/bundle` directory in the application. This may be
    overridden using the `--path` option.
 
-## SUDO USAGE
-
-By default, Bundler installs gems to the same location as `gem install`.
-
-In some cases, that location may not be writable by your Unix user. In
-that case, Bundler will stage everything in a temporary directory,
-then ask you for your `sudo` password in order to copy the gems into
-their system location.
-
-From your perspective, this is identical to installing the gems
-directly into the system.
-
-You should never use `sudo bundle install`. This is because several
-other steps in `bundle install` must be performed as the current user:
-
-* Updating your `Gemfile.lock`
-* Updating your `vendor/cache`, if necessary
-* Checking out private git repositories using your user's SSH keys
-
-Of these three, the first two could theoretically be performed by
-`chown`ing the resulting files to `$SUDO_USER`. The third, however,
-can only be performed by invoking the `git` command as
-the current user. Therefore, git gems are downloaded and installed
-into `~/.bundle` rather than $GEM_HOME or $BUNDLE_PATH.
-
-As a result, you should run `bundle install` as the current user,
-and Bundler will ask for your password if it is needed to put the
-gems into their final location.
-
 ## INSTALLING GROUPS
 
 By default, `bundle install` will install all gems in all groups
@@ -407,5 +379,5 @@ does not work, run [bundle update(1)](bundle-update.1.html).
 
 ## SEE ALSO
 
-* [Gem install docs](http://guides.rubygems.org/rubygems-basics/#installing-gems)
-* [Rubygems signing docs](http://guides.rubygems.org/security/)
+* [Gem install docs](https://guides.rubygems.org/rubygems-basics/#installing-gems)
+* [Rubygems signing docs](https://guides.rubygems.org/security/)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-list.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-list.1
index 3a9cc9a237..f91fd95739 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-list.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-list.1
@@ -1,49 +1,34 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-LIST" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-LIST" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-list\fR \- List all the gems in the bundle
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle list\fR [\-\-name\-only] [\-\-paths] [\-\-without\-group=GROUP[ GROUP\.\.\.]] [\-\-only\-group=GROUP[ GROUP\.\.\.]]
-.
+\fBbundle list\fR [\-\-name\-only] [\-\-paths] [\-\-without\-group=GROUP[ GROUP\|\.\|\.\|\.]] [\-\-only\-group=GROUP[ GROUP\|\.\|\.\|\.]]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Prints a list of all the gems in the bundle including their version\.
-.
 .P
 Example:
-.
 .P
 bundle list \-\-name\-only
-.
 .P
 bundle list \-\-paths
-.
 .P
 bundle list \-\-without\-group test
-.
 .P
 bundle list \-\-only\-group dev
-.
 .P
 bundle list \-\-only\-group dev test \-\-paths
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-name\-only\fR
 Print only the name of each gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-paths\fR
 Print the path to each gem in the bundle\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-without\-group=<list>\fR
 A space\-separated list of groups of gems to skip during printing\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-only\-group=<list>\fR
 A space\-separated list of groups of gems to print\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-lock.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-lock.1
index ac03c5478e..f992f5ee5f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-lock.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-lock.1
@@ -1,84 +1,60 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-LOCK" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-LOCK" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-lock\fR \- Creates / Updates a lockfile without installing
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle lock\fR [\-\-update] [\-\-local] [\-\-print] [\-\-lockfile=PATH] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-add\-platform] [\-\-remove\-platform] [\-\-patch] [\-\-minor] [\-\-major] [\-\-strict] [\-\-conservative]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Lock the gems specified in Gemfile\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-update=<*gems>\fR
 Ignores the existing lockfile\. Resolve then updates lockfile\. Taking a list of gems or updating all gems if no list is given\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-local\fR
-Do not attempt to connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR\. Instead, Bundler will use the gems already present in Rubygems\' cache or in \fBvendor/cache\fR\. Note that if a appropriate platform\-specific gem exists on \fBrubygems\.org\fR it will not be found\.
-.
+Do not attempt to connect to \fBrubygems\.org\fR\. Instead, Bundler will use the gems already present in Rubygems' cache or in \fBvendor/cache\fR\. Note that if a appropriate platform\-specific gem exists on \fBrubygems\.org\fR it will not be found\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-print\fR
 Prints the lockfile to STDOUT instead of writing to the file system\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-lockfile=<path>\fR
 The path where the lockfile should be written to\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-full\-index\fR
 Fall back to using the single\-file index of all gems\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-add\-platform\fR
 Add a new platform to the lockfile, re\-resolving for the addition of that platform\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-remove\-platform\fR
 Remove a platform from the lockfile\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-patch\fR
 If updating, prefer updating only to next patch version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-minor\fR
 If updating, prefer updating only to next minor version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-major\fR
 If updating, prefer updating to next major version (default)\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-strict\fR
 If updating, do not allow any gem to be updated past latest \-\-patch | \-\-minor | \-\-major\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-conservative\fR
 If updating, use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated\.
-.
 .SH "UPDATING ALL GEMS"
 If you run \fBbundle lock\fR with \fB\-\-update\fR option without list of gems, bundler will ignore any previously installed gems and resolve all dependencies again based on the latest versions of all gems available in the sources\.
-.
 .SH "UPDATING A LIST OF GEMS"
 Sometimes, you want to update a single gem in the Gemfile(5), and leave the rest of the gems that you specified locked to the versions in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\.
-.
 .P
 For instance, you only want to update \fBnokogiri\fR, run \fBbundle lock \-\-update nokogiri\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Bundler will update \fBnokogiri\fR and any of its dependencies, but leave the rest of the gems that you specified locked to the versions in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\.
-.
 .SH "SUPPORTING OTHER PLATFORMS"
-If you want your bundle to support platforms other than the one you\'re running locally, you can run \fBbundle lock \-\-add\-platform PLATFORM\fR to add PLATFORM to the lockfile, force bundler to re\-resolve and consider the new platform when picking gems, all without needing to have a machine that matches PLATFORM handy to install those platform\-specific gems on\.
-.
+If you want your bundle to support platforms other than the one you're running locally, you can run \fBbundle lock \-\-add\-platform PLATFORM\fR to add PLATFORM to the lockfile, force bundler to re\-resolve and consider the new platform when picking gems, all without needing to have a machine that matches PLATFORM handy to install those platform\-specific gems on\.
 .P
 For a full explanation of gem platforms, see \fBgem help platform\fR\.
-.
 .SH "PATCH LEVEL OPTIONS"
 See bundle update(1) \fIbundle\-update\.1\.html\fR for details\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1
index be6c5af248..53d3541555 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1
@@ -1,32 +1,32 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-OPEN" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-OPEN" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-open\fR \- Opens the source directory for a gem in your bundle
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle open\fR [GEM]
-.
+\fBbundle open\fR [GEM] [\-\-path=PATH]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Opens the source directory of the provided GEM in your editor\.
-.
 .P
 For this to work the \fBEDITOR\fR or \fBBUNDLER_EDITOR\fR environment variable has to be set\.
-.
 .P
 Example:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-bundle open \'rack\'
-.
+bundle open 'rack'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-Will open the source directory for the \'rack\' gem in your bundle\.
+Will open the source directory for the 'rack' gem in your bundle\.
+.IP "" 4
+.nf
+bundle open 'rack' \-\-path 'README\.md'
+.fi
+.IP "" 0
+.P
+Will open the README\.md file of the 'rack' gem source in your bundle\.
+.SH "OPTIONS"
+.TP
+\fB\-\-path\fR
+Specify GEM source relative path to open\.
+
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1.ronn
index 497beac93f..a857f3a965 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1.ronn
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ bundle-open(1) -- Opens the source directory for a gem in your bundle
 
 ## SYNOPSIS
 
-`bundle open` [GEM]
+`bundle open` [GEM] [--path=PATH]
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -17,3 +17,11 @@ Example:
     bundle open 'rack'
 
 Will open the source directory for the 'rack' gem in your bundle.
+
+    bundle open 'rack' --path 'README.md'
+
+Will open the README.md file of the 'rack' gem source in your bundle.
+
+## OPTIONS
+* `--path`:
+  Specify GEM source relative path to open.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1
index fc3d5e8caf..f79eff5ae9 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1
@@ -1,148 +1,100 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-OUTDATED" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-OUTDATED" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-outdated\fR \- List installed gems with newer versions available
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle outdated\fR [GEM] [\-\-local] [\-\-pre] [\-\-source] [\-\-strict] [\-\-parseable | \-\-porcelain] [\-\-group=GROUP] [\-\-groups] [\-\-patch|\-\-minor|\-\-major] [\-\-filter\-major] [\-\-filter\-minor] [\-\-filter\-patch] [\-\-only\-explicit]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Outdated lists the names and versions of gems that have a newer version available in the given source\. Calling outdated with [GEM [GEM]] will only check for newer versions of the given gems\. Prerelease gems are ignored by default\. If your gems are up to date, Bundler will exit with a status of 0\. Otherwise, it will exit 1\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-local\fR
 Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-pre\fR
 Check for newer pre\-release gems\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-source\fR
 Check against a specific source\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-strict\fR
 Only list newer versions allowed by your Gemfile requirements, also respecting conservative update flags (\-\-patch, \-\-minor, \-\-major)\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-parseable\fR, \fB\-\-porcelain\fR
 Use minimal formatting for more parseable output\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-group\fR
 List gems from a specific group\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-groups\fR
 List gems organized by groups\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-minor\fR
 Prefer updating only to next minor version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-major\fR
 Prefer updating to next major version (default)\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-patch\fR
 Prefer updating only to next patch version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-filter\-major\fR
 Only list major newer versions\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-filter\-minor\fR
 Only list minor newer versions\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-filter\-patch\fR
 Only list patch newer versions\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-only\-explicit\fR
 Only list gems specified in your Gemfile, not their dependencies\.
-.
 .SH "PATCH LEVEL OPTIONS"
 See bundle update(1) \fIbundle\-update\.1\.html\fR for details\.
-.
 .SH "FILTERING OUTPUT"
 The 3 filtering options do not affect the resolution of versions, merely what versions are shown in the output\.
-.
 .P
 If the regular output shows the following:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-* faker (newest 1\.6\.6, installed 1\.6\.5, requested ~> 1\.4) in groups "development, test"
-* hashie (newest 3\.4\.6, installed 1\.2\.0, requested = 1\.2\.0) in groups "default"
-* headless (newest 2\.3\.1, installed 2\.2\.3) in groups "test"
-.
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test
+* hashie    1\.2\.0    3\.4\.6   = 1\.2\.0    default
+* headless  2\.2\.3    2\.3\.1   = 2\.2\.3    test
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 \fB\-\-filter\-major\fR would only show:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-* hashie (newest 3\.4\.6, installed 1\.2\.0, requested = 1\.2\.0) in groups "default"
-.
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+* hashie    1\.2\.0    3\.4\.6   = 1\.2\.0    default
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 \fB\-\-filter\-minor\fR would only show:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-* headless (newest 2\.3\.1, installed 2\.2\.3) in groups "test"
-.
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+* headless  2\.2\.3    2\.3\.1   = 2\.2\.3    test
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 \fB\-\-filter\-patch\fR would only show:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-* faker (newest 1\.6\.6, installed 1\.6\.5, requested ~> 1\.4) in groups "development, test"
-.
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Filter options can be combined\. \fB\-\-filter\-minor\fR and \fB\-\-filter\-patch\fR would show:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-* faker (newest 1\.6\.6, installed 1\.6\.5, requested ~> 1\.4) in groups "development, test"
-* headless (newest 2\.3\.1, installed 2\.2\.3) in groups "test"
-.
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Combining all three \fBfilter\fR options would be the same result as providing none of them\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1.ronn
index 04096ffbb6..4ac65d0532 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1.ronn
@@ -78,25 +78,29 @@ in the output.
 
 If the regular output shows the following:
 
-    * faker (newest 1.6.6, installed 1.6.5, requested ~> 1.4) in groups "development, test"
-    * hashie (newest 3.4.6, installed 1.2.0, requested = 1.2.0) in groups "default"
-    * headless (newest 2.3.1, installed 2.2.3) in groups "test"
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test
+    * hashie    1.2.0    3.4.6   = 1.2.0    default
+    * headless  2.2.3    2.3.1   = 2.2.3    test
 
 `--filter-major` would only show:
 
-    * hashie (newest 3.4.6, installed 1.2.0, requested = 1.2.0) in groups "default"
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+    * hashie    1.2.0    3.4.6   = 1.2.0    default
 
 `--filter-minor` would only show:
 
-    * headless (newest 2.3.1, installed 2.2.3) in groups "test"
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+    * headless  2.2.3    2.3.1   = 2.2.3    test
 
 `--filter-patch` would only show:
 
-    * faker (newest 1.6.6, installed 1.6.5, requested ~> 1.4) in groups "development, test"
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test
 
 Filter options can be combined. `--filter-minor` and `--filter-patch` would show:
 
-    * faker (newest 1.6.6, installed 1.6.5, requested ~> 1.4) in groups "development, test"
-    * headless (newest 2.3.1, installed 2.2.3) in groups "test"
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
+    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test
 
 Combining all three `filter` options would be the same result as providing none of them.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1
index f5a90c59e9..d2133ec4d3 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1
@@ -1,41 +1,27 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-PLATFORM" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-PLATFORM" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-platform\fR \- Displays platform compatibility information
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle platform\fR [\-\-ruby]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 \fBplatform\fR displays information from your Gemfile, Gemfile\.lock, and Ruby VM about your platform\.
-.
 .P
 For instance, using this Gemfile(5):
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://rubygems\.org"
 
 ruby "3\.1\.2"
 
 gem "rack"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 If you run \fBbundle platform\fR on Ruby 3\.1\.2, it displays the following output:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 Your platform is: x86_64\-linux
 
 Your app has gems that work on these platforms:
@@ -48,24 +34,16 @@ Your Gemfile specifies a Ruby version requirement:
 * ruby 3\.1\.2
 
 Your current platform satisfies the Ruby version requirement\.
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-\fBplatform\fR lists all the platforms in your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR as well as the \fBruby\fR directive if applicable from your Gemfile(5)\. It also lets you know if the \fBruby\fR directive requirement has been met\. If \fBruby\fR directive doesn\'t match the running Ruby VM, it tells you what part does not\.
-.
+\fBplatform\fR lists all the platforms in your \fBGemfile\.lock\fR as well as the \fBruby\fR directive if applicable from your Gemfile(5)\. It also lets you know if the \fBruby\fR directive requirement has been met\. If \fBruby\fR directive doesn't match the running Ruby VM, it tells you what part does not\.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-ruby\fR
-It will display the ruby directive information, so you don\'t have to parse it from the Gemfile(5)\.
-.
+It will display the ruby directive information, so you don't have to parse it from the Gemfile(5)\.
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-bundle\-lock(1) \fIbundle\-lock\.1\.ronn\fR
-.
+bundle\-lock(1) \fIbundle\-lock\.1\.html\fR
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1.ronn
index eb9baa1c62..744acd1b43 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1.ronn
@@ -46,4 +46,4 @@ match the running Ruby VM, it tells you what part does not.
 
 ## SEE ALSO
 
-* [bundle-lock(1)](bundle-lock.1.ronn)
+* [bundle-lock(1)](bundle-lock.1.html)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cbdfac11b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-PLUGIN" "1" "March 2024" ""
+.SH "NAME"
+\fBbundle\-plugin\fR \- Manage Bundler plugins
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+\fBbundle plugin\fR install PLUGINS [\-\-source=\fISOURCE\fR] [\-\-version=\fIversion\fR] [\-\-git=\fIgit\-url\fR] [\-\-branch=\fIbranch\fR|\-\-ref=\fIrev\fR] [\-\-path=\fIpath\fR]
+.br
+\fBbundle plugin\fR uninstall PLUGINS
+.br
+\fBbundle plugin\fR list
+.br
+\fBbundle plugin\fR help [COMMAND]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+You can install, uninstall, and list plugin(s) with this command to extend functionalities of Bundler\.
+.SH "SUB\-COMMANDS"
+.SS "install"
+Install the given plugin(s)\.
+.TP
+\fBbundle plugin install bundler\-graph\fR
+Install bundler\-graph gem from globally configured sources (defaults to RubyGems\.org)\. The global source, specified in source in Gemfile is ignored\.
+.TP
+\fBbundle plugin install bundler\-graph \-\-source https://example\.com\fR
+Install bundler\-graph gem from example\.com\. The global source, specified in source in Gemfile is not considered\.
+.TP
+\fBbundle plugin install bundler\-graph \-\-version 0\.2\.1\fR
+You can specify the version of the gem via \fB\-\-version\fR\.
+.TP
+\fBbundle plugin install bundler\-graph \-\-git https://github\.com/rubygems/bundler\-graph\fR
+Install bundler\-graph gem from Git repository\. You can use standard Git URLs like:
+.IP
+\fBssh://[user@]host\.xz[:port]/path/to/repo\.git\fR
+.br
+\fBhttp[s]://host\.xz[:port]/path/to/repo\.git\fR
+.br
+\fB/path/to/repo\fR
+.br
+\fBfile:///path/to/repo\fR
+.IP
+When you specify \fB\-\-git\fR, you can use \fB\-\-branch\fR or \fB\-\-ref\fR to specify any branch, tag, or commit hash (revision) to use\.
+.TP
+\fBbundle plugin install bundler\-graph \-\-path \.\./bundler\-graph\fR
+Install bundler\-graph gem from a local path\.
+.SS "uninstall"
+Uninstall the plugin(s) specified in PLUGINS\.
+.SS "list"
+List the installed plugins and available commands\.
+.P
+No options\.
+.SS "help"
+Describe subcommands or one specific subcommand\.
+.P
+No options\.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+How to write a Bundler plugin \fIhttps://bundler\.io/guides/bundler_plugins\.html\fR
+.IP "" 0
+
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1.ronn
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0a34660ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1.ronn
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+bundle-plugin(1) -- Manage Bundler plugins
+==========================================
+
+## SYNOPSIS
+
+`bundle plugin` install PLUGINS [--source=<SOURCE>] [--version=<version>]
+                              [--git=<git-url>] [--branch=<branch>|--ref=<rev>]
+                              [--path=<path>]<br>
+`bundle plugin` uninstall PLUGINS<br>
+`bundle plugin` list<br>
+`bundle plugin` help [COMMAND]
+
+## DESCRIPTION
+
+You can install, uninstall, and list plugin(s) with this command to extend functionalities of Bundler.
+
+## SUB-COMMANDS
+
+### install
+
+Install the given plugin(s).
+
+* `bundle plugin install bundler-graph`:
+  Install bundler-graph gem from globally configured sources (defaults to RubyGems.org). The global source, specified in source in Gemfile is ignored.
+
+* `bundle plugin install bundler-graph --source https://example.com`:
+  Install bundler-graph gem from example.com. The global source, specified in source in Gemfile is not considered.
+
+* `bundle plugin install bundler-graph --version 0.2.1`:
+  You can specify the version of the gem via `--version`.
+
+* `bundle plugin install bundler-graph --git https://github.com/rubygems/bundler-graph`:
+  Install bundler-graph gem from Git repository. You can use standard Git URLs like:
+
+  `ssh://[user@]host.xz[:port]/path/to/repo.git`<br>
+  `http[s]://host.xz[:port]/path/to/repo.git`<br>
+  `/path/to/repo`<br>
+  `file:///path/to/repo`
+
+  When you specify `--git`, you can use `--branch` or `--ref` to specify any branch, tag, or commit hash (revision) to use.
+
+* `bundle plugin install bundler-graph --path ../bundler-graph`:
+  Install bundler-graph gem from a local path.
+
+### uninstall
+
+Uninstall the plugin(s) specified in PLUGINS.
+
+### list
+
+List the installed plugins and available commands.
+
+No options.
+
+### help
+
+Describe subcommands or one specific subcommand.
+
+No options.
+
+## SEE ALSO
+
+* [How to write a Bundler plugin](https://bundler.io/guides/bundler_plugins.html)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-pristine.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-pristine.1
index 44e5a83a01..faa04d7676 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-pristine.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-pristine.1
@@ -1,34 +1,23 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-PRISTINE" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-PRISTINE" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-pristine\fR \- Restores installed gems to their pristine condition
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle pristine\fR
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 \fBpristine\fR restores the installed gems in the bundle to their pristine condition using the local gem cache from RubyGems\. For git gems, a forced checkout will be performed\.
-.
 .P
-For further explanation, \fBbundle pristine\fR ignores unpacked files on disk\. In other words, this command utilizes the local \fB\.gem\fR cache or the gem\'s git repository as if one were installing from scratch\.
-.
+For further explanation, \fBbundle pristine\fR ignores unpacked files on disk\. In other words, this command utilizes the local \fB\.gem\fR cache or the gem's git repository as if one were installing from scratch\.
 .P
-Note: the Bundler gem cannot be restored to its original state with \fBpristine\fR\. One also cannot use \fBbundle pristine\fR on gems with a \'path\' option in the Gemfile, because bundler has no original copy it can restore from\.
-.
+Note: the Bundler gem cannot be restored to its original state with \fBpristine\fR\. One also cannot use \fBbundle pristine\fR on gems with a 'path' option in the Gemfile, because bundler has no original copy it can restore from\.
 .P
 When is it practical to use \fBbundle pristine\fR?
-.
 .P
 It comes in handy when a developer is debugging a gem\. \fBbundle pristine\fR is a great way to get rid of experimental changes to a gem that one may not want\.
-.
 .P
 Why use \fBbundle pristine\fR over \fBgem pristine \-\-all\fR?
-.
 .P
 Both commands are very similar\. For context: \fBbundle pristine\fR, without arguments, cleans all gems from the lockfile\. Meanwhile, \fBgem pristine \-\-all\fR cleans all installed gems for that Ruby version\.
-.
 .P
 If a developer forgets which gems in their project they might have been debugging, the Rubygems \fBgem pristine [GEMNAME]\fR command may be inconvenient\. One can avoid waiting for \fBgem pristine \-\-all\fR, and instead run \fBbundle pristine\fR\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-remove.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-remove.1
index 29ec246018..3f8cbbd9b6 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-remove.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-remove.1
@@ -1,31 +1,21 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-REMOVE" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-REMOVE" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-remove\fR \- Removes gems from the Gemfile
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle remove [GEM [GEM \.\.\.]] [\-\-install]\fR
-.
+\fBbundle remove [GEM [GEM \|\.\|\.\|\.]] [\-\-install]\fR
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Removes the given gems from the Gemfile while ensuring that the resulting Gemfile is still valid\. If a gem cannot be removed, a warning is printed\. If a gem is already absent from the Gemfile, and error is raised\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-install\fR
 Runs \fBbundle install\fR after the given gems have been removed from the Gemfile, which ensures that both the lockfile and the installed gems on disk are also updated to remove the given gem(s)\.
-.
 .P
 Example:
-.
 .P
 bundle remove rails
-.
 .P
 bundle remove rails rack
-.
 .P
 bundle remove rails rack \-\-install
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-show.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-show.1
index 227b1c8a1e..bc72c6e3b6 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-show.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-show.1
@@ -1,22 +1,15 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-SHOW" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-SHOW" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-show\fR \- Shows all the gems in your bundle, or the path to a gem
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle show\fR [GEM] [\-\-paths]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Without the [GEM] option, \fBshow\fR will print a list of the names and versions of all gems that are required by your [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)], sorted by name\.
-.
 .P
 Calling show with [GEM] will list the exact location of that gem on your machine\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-paths\fR
 List the paths of all gems that are required by your [\fBGemfile(5)\fR][Gemfile(5)], sorted by gem name\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-update.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-update.1
index 7d0988bfa5..d1284c2e72 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-update.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-update.1
@@ -1,114 +1,81 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-UPDATE" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-UPDATE" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-update\fR \- Update your gems to the latest available versions
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle update\fR \fI*gems\fR [\-\-all] [\-\-group=NAME] [\-\-source=NAME] [\-\-local] [\-\-ruby] [\-\-bundler[=VERSION]] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-jobs=JOBS] [\-\-quiet] [\-\-patch|\-\-minor|\-\-major] [\-\-redownload] [\-\-strict] [\-\-conservative]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Update the gems specified (all gems, if \fB\-\-all\fR flag is used), ignoring the previously installed gems specified in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\. In general, you should use bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR to install the same exact gems and versions across machines\.
-.
 .P
 You would use \fBbundle update\fR to explicitly update the version of a gem\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-all\fR
 Update all gems specified in Gemfile\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-group=<name>\fR, \fB\-g=[<name>]\fR
 Only update the gems in the specified group\. For instance, you can update all gems in the development group with \fBbundle update \-\-group development\fR\. You can also call \fBbundle update rails \-\-group test\fR to update the rails gem and all gems in the test group, for example\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-source=<name>\fR
 The name of a \fB:git\fR or \fB:path\fR source used in the Gemfile(5)\. For instance, with a \fB:git\fR source of \fBhttp://github\.com/rails/rails\.git\fR, you would call \fBbundle update \-\-source rails\fR
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-local\fR
 Do not attempt to fetch gems remotely and use the gem cache instead\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-ruby\fR
 Update the locked version of Ruby to the current version of Ruby\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-bundler\fR
 Update the locked version of bundler to the invoked bundler version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-full\-index\fR
 Fall back to using the single\-file index of all gems\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-jobs=[<number>]\fR, \fB\-j[<number>]\fR
 Specify the number of jobs to run in parallel\. The default is the number of available processors\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-retry=[<number>]\fR
 Retry failed network or git requests for \fInumber\fR times\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-quiet\fR
 Only output warnings and errors\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-redownload\fR
 Force downloading every gem\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-patch\fR
 Prefer updating only to next patch version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-minor\fR
 Prefer updating only to next minor version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-major\fR
 Prefer updating to next major version (default)\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-strict\fR
 Do not allow any gem to be updated past latest \fB\-\-patch\fR | \fB\-\-minor\fR | \fB\-\-major\fR\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-conservative\fR
 Use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow indirect dependencies to be updated\.
-.
 .SH "UPDATING ALL GEMS"
 If you run \fBbundle update \-\-all\fR, bundler will ignore any previously installed gems and resolve all dependencies again based on the latest versions of all gems available in the sources\.
-.
 .P
 Consider the following Gemfile(5):
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://rubygems\.org"
 
 gem "rails", "3\.0\.0\.rc"
 gem "nokogiri"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 When you run bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR the first time, bundler will resolve all of the dependencies, all the way down, and install what you need:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems\.org/\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.
-Resolving dependencies\.\.\.
+Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems\.org/\|\.\|\.\|\.\|\.\|\.\|\.\|\.\|\.\|\.
+Resolving dependencies\|\.\|\.\|\.
 Installing builder 2\.1\.2
 Installing abstract 1\.0\.0
 Installing rack 1\.2\.8
@@ -138,55 +105,36 @@ Installing nokogiri 1\.6\.5
 
 Bundle complete! 2 Gemfile dependencies, 26 gems total\.
 Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed\.
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 As you can see, even though you have two gems in the Gemfile(5), your application needs 26 different gems in order to run\. Bundler remembers the exact versions it installed in \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\. The next time you run bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR, bundler skips the dependency resolution and installs the same gems as it installed last time\.
-.
 .P
-After checking in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR into version control and cloning it on another machine, running bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR will \fIstill\fR install the gems that you installed last time\. You don\'t need to worry that a new release of \fBerubis\fR or \fBmail\fR changes the gems you use\.
-.
+After checking in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR into version control and cloning it on another machine, running bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR will \fIstill\fR install the gems that you installed last time\. You don't need to worry that a new release of \fBerubis\fR or \fBmail\fR changes the gems you use\.
 .P
 However, from time to time, you might want to update the gems you are using to the newest versions that still match the gems in your Gemfile(5)\.
-.
 .P
 To do this, run \fBbundle update \-\-all\fR, which will ignore the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR, and resolve all the dependencies again\. Keep in mind that this process can result in a significantly different set of the 25 gems, based on the requirements of new gems that the gem authors released since the last time you ran \fBbundle update \-\-all\fR\.
-.
 .SH "UPDATING A LIST OF GEMS"
 Sometimes, you want to update a single gem in the Gemfile(5), and leave the rest of the gems that you specified locked to the versions in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\.
-.
 .P
 For instance, in the scenario above, imagine that \fBnokogiri\fR releases version \fB1\.4\.4\fR, and you want to update it \fIwithout\fR updating Rails and all of its dependencies\. To do this, run \fBbundle update nokogiri\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Bundler will update \fBnokogiri\fR and any of its dependencies, but leave alone Rails and its dependencies\.
-.
 .SH "OVERLAPPING DEPENDENCIES"
 Sometimes, multiple gems declared in your Gemfile(5) are satisfied by the same second\-level dependency\. For instance, consider the case of \fBthin\fR and \fBrack\-perftools\-profiler\fR\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://rubygems\.org"
 
 gem "thin"
 gem "rack\-perftools\-profiler"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 The \fBthin\fR gem depends on \fBrack >= 1\.0\fR, while \fBrack\-perftools\-profiler\fR depends on \fBrack ~> 1\.0\fR\. If you run bundle install, you get:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 Fetching source index for https://rubygems\.org/
 Installing daemons (1\.1\.0)
 Installing eventmachine (0\.12\.10) with native extensions
@@ -196,199 +144,132 @@ Installing rack (1\.2\.1)
 Installing rack\-perftools_profiler (0\.0\.2)
 Installing thin (1\.2\.7) with native extensions
 Using bundler (1\.0\.0\.rc\.3)
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-In this case, the two gems have their own set of dependencies, but they share \fBrack\fR in common\. If you run \fBbundle update thin\fR, bundler will update \fBdaemons\fR, \fBeventmachine\fR and \fBrack\fR, which are dependencies of \fBthin\fR, but not \fBopen4\fR or \fBperftools\.rb\fR, which are dependencies of \fBrack\-perftools_profiler\fR\. Note that \fBbundle update thin\fR will update \fBrack\fR even though it\'s \fIalso\fR a dependency of \fBrack\-perftools_profiler\fR\.
-.
+In this case, the two gems have their own set of dependencies, but they share \fBrack\fR in common\. If you run \fBbundle update thin\fR, bundler will update \fBdaemons\fR, \fBeventmachine\fR and \fBrack\fR, which are dependencies of \fBthin\fR, but not \fBopen4\fR or \fBperftools\.rb\fR, which are dependencies of \fBrack\-perftools_profiler\fR\. Note that \fBbundle update thin\fR will update \fBrack\fR even though it's \fIalso\fR a dependency of \fBrack\-perftools_profiler\fR\.
 .P
 In short, by default, when you update a gem using \fBbundle update\fR, bundler will update all dependencies of that gem, including those that are also dependencies of another gem\.
-.
 .P
 To prevent updating indirect dependencies, prior to version 1\.14 the only option was the \fBCONSERVATIVE UPDATING\fR behavior in bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR:
-.
 .P
 In this scenario, updating the \fBthin\fR version manually in the Gemfile(5), and then running bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR will only update \fBdaemons\fR and \fBeventmachine\fR, but not \fBrack\fR\. For more information, see the \fBCONSERVATIVE UPDATING\fR section of bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Starting with 1\.14, specifying the \fB\-\-conservative\fR option will also prevent indirect dependencies from being updated\.
-.
 .SH "PATCH LEVEL OPTIONS"
 Version 1\.14 introduced 4 patch\-level options that will influence how gem versions are resolved\. One of the following options can be used: \fB\-\-patch\fR, \fB\-\-minor\fR or \fB\-\-major\fR\. \fB\-\-strict\fR can be added to further influence resolution\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-patch\fR
 Prefer updating only to next patch version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-minor\fR
 Prefer updating only to next minor version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-major\fR
 Prefer updating to next major version (default)\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-strict\fR
 Do not allow any gem to be updated past latest \fB\-\-patch\fR | \fB\-\-minor\fR | \fB\-\-major\fR\.
-.
 .P
-When Bundler is resolving what versions to use to satisfy declared requirements in the Gemfile or in parent gems, it looks up all available versions, filters out any versions that don\'t satisfy the requirement, and then, by default, sorts them from newest to oldest, considering them in that order\.
-.
+When Bundler is resolving what versions to use to satisfy declared requirements in the Gemfile or in parent gems, it looks up all available versions, filters out any versions that don't satisfy the requirement, and then, by default, sorts them from newest to oldest, considering them in that order\.
 .P
 Providing one of the patch level options (e\.g\. \fB\-\-patch\fR) changes the sort order of the satisfying versions, causing Bundler to consider the latest \fB\-\-patch\fR or \fB\-\-minor\fR version available before other versions\. Note that versions outside the stated patch level could still be resolved to if necessary to find a suitable dependency graph\.
-.
 .P
-For example, if gem \'foo\' is locked at 1\.0\.2, with no gem requirement defined in the Gemfile, and versions 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.4, 1\.1\.0, 1\.1\.1, 2\.0\.0 all exist, the default order of preference by default (\fB\-\-major\fR) will be "2\.0\.0, 1\.1\.1, 1\.1\.0, 1\.0\.4, 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.2"\.
-.
+For example, if gem 'foo' is locked at 1\.0\.2, with no gem requirement defined in the Gemfile, and versions 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.4, 1\.1\.0, 1\.1\.1, 2\.0\.0 all exist, the default order of preference by default (\fB\-\-major\fR) will be "2\.0\.0, 1\.1\.1, 1\.1\.0, 1\.0\.4, 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.2"\.
 .P
 If the \fB\-\-patch\fR option is used, the order of preference will change to "1\.0\.4, 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.2, 1\.1\.1, 1\.1\.0, 2\.0\.0"\.
-.
 .P
 If the \fB\-\-minor\fR option is used, the order of preference will change to "1\.1\.1, 1\.1\.0, 1\.0\.4, 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.2, 2\.0\.0"\.
-.
 .P
 Combining the \fB\-\-strict\fR option with any of the patch level options will remove any versions beyond the scope of the patch level option, to ensure that no gem is updated that far\.
-.
 .P
 To continue the previous example, if both \fB\-\-patch\fR and \fB\-\-strict\fR options are used, the available versions for resolution would be "1\.0\.4, 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.2"\. If \fB\-\-minor\fR and \fB\-\-strict\fR are used, it would be "1\.1\.1, 1\.1\.0, 1\.0\.4, 1\.0\.3, 1\.0\.2"\.
-.
 .P
-Gem requirements as defined in the Gemfile will still be the first determining factor for what versions are available\. If the gem requirement for \fBfoo\fR in the Gemfile is \'~> 1\.0\', that will accomplish the same thing as providing the \fB\-\-minor\fR and \fB\-\-strict\fR options\.
-.
+Gem requirements as defined in the Gemfile will still be the first determining factor for what versions are available\. If the gem requirement for \fBfoo\fR in the Gemfile is '~> 1\.0', that will accomplish the same thing as providing the \fB\-\-minor\fR and \fB\-\-strict\fR options\.
 .SH "PATCH LEVEL EXAMPLES"
 Given the following gem specifications:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 foo 1\.4\.3, requires: ~> bar 2\.0
 foo 1\.4\.4, requires: ~> bar 2\.0
 foo 1\.4\.5, requires: ~> bar 2\.1
 foo 1\.5\.0, requires: ~> bar 2\.1
 foo 1\.5\.1, requires: ~> bar 3\.0
 bar with versions 2\.0\.3, 2\.0\.4, 2\.1\.0, 2\.1\.1, 3\.0\.0
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Gemfile:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-gem \'foo\'
-.
+gem 'foo'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Gemfile\.lock:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 foo (1\.4\.3)
   bar (~> 2\.0)
 bar (2\.0\.3)
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Cases:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 #  Command Line                     Result
 \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
-1  bundle update \-\-patch            \'foo 1\.4\.5\', \'bar 2\.1\.1\'
-2  bundle update \-\-patch foo        \'foo 1\.4\.5\', \'bar 2\.1\.1\'
-3  bundle update \-\-minor            \'foo 1\.5\.1\', \'bar 3\.0\.0\'
-4  bundle update \-\-minor \-\-strict   \'foo 1\.5\.0\', \'bar 2\.1\.1\'
-5  bundle update \-\-patch \-\-strict   \'foo 1\.4\.4\', \'bar 2\.0\.4\'
-.
+1  bundle update \-\-patch            'foo 1\.4\.5', 'bar 2\.1\.1'
+2  bundle update \-\-patch foo        'foo 1\.4\.5', 'bar 2\.1\.1'
+3  bundle update \-\-minor            'foo 1\.5\.1', 'bar 3\.0\.0'
+4  bundle update \-\-minor \-\-strict   'foo 1\.5\.0', 'bar 2\.1\.1'
+5  bundle update \-\-patch \-\-strict   'foo 1\.4\.4', 'bar 2\.0\.4'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In case 1, bar is upgraded to 2\.1\.1, a minor version increase, because the dependency from foo 1\.4\.5 required it\.
-.
 .P
-In case 2, only foo is requested to be unlocked, but bar is also allowed to move because it\'s not a declared dependency in the Gemfile\.
-.
+In case 2, only foo is requested to be unlocked, but bar is also allowed to move because it's not a declared dependency in the Gemfile\.
 .P
 In case 3, bar goes up a whole major release, because a minor increase is preferred now for foo, and when it goes to 1\.5\.1, it requires 3\.0\.0 of bar\.
-.
 .P
-In case 4, foo is preferred up to a minor version, but 1\.5\.1 won\'t work because the \-\-strict flag removes bar 3\.0\.0 from consideration since it\'s a major increment\.
-.
+In case 4, foo is preferred up to a minor version, but 1\.5\.1 won't work because the \-\-strict flag removes bar 3\.0\.0 from consideration since it's a major increment\.
 .P
 In case 5, both foo and bar have any minor or major increments removed from consideration because of the \-\-strict flag, so the most they can move is up to 1\.4\.4 and 2\.0\.4\.
-.
 .SH "RECOMMENDED WORKFLOW"
 In general, when working with an application managed with bundler, you should use the following workflow:
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 After you create your Gemfile(5) for the first time, run
-.
 .IP
 $ bundle install
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Check the resulting \fBGemfile\.lock\fR into version control
-.
 .IP
 $ git add Gemfile\.lock
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 When checking out this repository on another development machine, run
-.
 .IP
 $ bundle install
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 When checking out this repository on a deployment machine, run
-.
 .IP
 $ bundle install \-\-deployment
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 After changing the Gemfile(5) to reflect a new or update dependency, run
-.
 .IP
 $ bundle install
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 Make sure to check the updated \fBGemfile\.lock\fR into version control
-.
 .IP
 $ git add Gemfile\.lock
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 If bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR reports a conflict, manually update the specific gems that you changed in the Gemfile(5)
-.
 .IP
 $ bundle update rails thin
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 If you want to update all the gems to the latest possible versions that still match the gems listed in the Gemfile(5), run
-.
 .IP
 $ bundle update \-\-all
-.
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05905e1347
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-VERSION" "1" "March 2024" ""
+.SH "NAME"
+\fBbundle\-version\fR \- Prints Bundler version information
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+\fBbundle version\fR
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+Prints Bundler version information\.
+.SH "OPTIONS"
+No options\.
+.SH "EXAMPLE"
+Print the version of Bundler with build date and commit hash of the in the Git source\.
+.IP "" 4
+.nf
+bundle version
+.fi
+.IP "" 0
+.P
+shows \fBBundler version 2\.3\.21 (2022\-08\-24 commit d54be5fdd8)\fR for example\.
+.P
+cf\. \fBbundle \-\-version\fR shows \fBBundler version 2\.3\.21\fR\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1.ronn
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..46c6f0b30a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1.ronn
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+bundle-version(1) -- Prints Bundler version information
+=======================================================
+
+## SYNOPSIS
+
+`bundle version`
+
+## DESCRIPTION
+
+Prints Bundler version information.
+
+## OPTIONS
+
+No options.
+
+## EXAMPLE
+
+Print the version of Bundler with build date and commit hash of the in the Git source.
+
+    bundle version
+
+shows `Bundler version 2.3.21 (2022-08-24 commit d54be5fdd8)` for example.
+
+cf. `bundle --version` shows `Bundler version 2.3.21`.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-viz.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-viz.1
index f6f51cde0e..681563cd4c 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle-viz.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle-viz.1
@@ -1,41 +1,29 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE\-VIZ" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE\-VIZ" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-viz\fR \- Generates a visual dependency graph for your Gemfile
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle viz\fR [\-\-file=FILE] [\-\-format=FORMAT] [\-\-requirements] [\-\-version] [\-\-without=GROUP GROUP]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 \fBviz\fR generates a PNG file of the current \fBGemfile(5)\fR as a dependency graph\. \fBviz\fR requires the ruby\-graphviz gem (and its dependencies)\.
-.
 .P
 The associated gems must also be installed via \fBbundle install(1)\fR \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR\.
-.
 .P
 \fBviz\fR command was deprecated in Bundler 2\.2\. Use bundler\-graph plugin \fIhttps://github\.com/rubygems/bundler\-graph\fR instead\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-file\fR, \fB\-f\fR
 The name to use for the generated file\. See \fB\-\-format\fR option
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-format\fR, \fB\-F\fR
-This is output format option\. Supported format is png, jpg, svg, dot \.\.\.
-.
+This is output format option\. Supported format is png, jpg, svg, dot \|\.\|\.\|\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-requirements\fR, \fB\-R\fR
 Set to show the version of each required dependency\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-version\fR, \fB\-v\fR
 Set to show each gem version\.
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-without\fR, \fB\-W\fR
 Exclude gems that are part of the specified named group\.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1 b/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1
index f683e78cc6..1d2c780060 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1
@@ -1,133 +1,102 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "BUNDLE" "1" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "BUNDLE" "1" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\fR \- Ruby Dependency Management
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 \fBbundle\fR COMMAND [\-\-no\-color] [\-\-verbose] [ARGS]
-.
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
-Bundler manages an \fBapplication\'s dependencies\fR through its entire life across many machines systematically and repeatably\.
-.
+Bundler manages an \fBapplication's dependencies\fR through its entire life across many machines systematically and repeatably\.
 .P
 See the bundler website \fIhttps://bundler\.io\fR for information on getting started, and Gemfile(5) for more information on the \fBGemfile\fR format\.
-.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-no\-color\fR
 Print all output without color
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-retry\fR, \fB\-r\fR
 Specify the number of times you wish to attempt network commands
-.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-verbose\fR, \fB\-V\fR
 Print out additional logging information
-.
 .SH "BUNDLE COMMANDS"
 We divide \fBbundle\fR subcommands into primary commands and utilities:
-.
 .SH "PRIMARY COMMANDS"
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle install(1)\fR \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR
 Install the gems specified by the \fBGemfile\fR or \fBGemfile\.lock\fR
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle update(1)\fR \fIbundle\-update\.1\.html\fR
 Update dependencies to their latest versions
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle cache(1)\fR \fIbundle\-cache\.1\.html\fR
 Package the \.gem files required by your application into the \fBvendor/cache\fR directory (aliases: \fBbundle package\fR, \fBbundle pack\fR)
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle exec(1)\fR \fIbundle\-exec\.1\.html\fR
 Execute a script in the current bundle
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle config(1)\fR \fIbundle\-config\.1\.html\fR
 Specify and read configuration options for Bundler
-.
 .TP
-\fBbundle help(1)\fR
+\fBbundle help(1)\fR \fIbundle\-help\.1\.html\fR
 Display detailed help for each subcommand
-.
 .SH "UTILITIES"
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle add(1)\fR \fIbundle\-add\.1\.html\fR
 Add the named gem to the Gemfile and run \fBbundle install\fR
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle binstubs(1)\fR \fIbundle\-binstubs\.1\.html\fR
 Generate binstubs for executables in a gem
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle check(1)\fR \fIbundle\-check\.1\.html\fR
 Determine whether the requirements for your application are installed and available to Bundler
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle show(1)\fR \fIbundle\-show\.1\.html\fR
 Show the source location of a particular gem in the bundle
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle outdated(1)\fR \fIbundle\-outdated\.1\.html\fR
 Show all of the outdated gems in the current bundle
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle console(1)\fR (deprecated)
 Start an IRB session in the current bundle
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle open(1)\fR \fIbundle\-open\.1\.html\fR
 Open an installed gem in the editor
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle lock(1)\fR \fIbundle\-lock\.1\.html\fR
 Generate a lockfile for your dependencies
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle viz(1)\fR \fIbundle\-viz\.1\.html\fR (deprecated)
 Generate a visual representation of your dependencies
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle init(1)\fR \fIbundle\-init\.1\.html\fR
 Generate a simple \fBGemfile\fR, placed in the current directory
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle gem(1)\fR \fIbundle\-gem\.1\.html\fR
 Create a simple gem, suitable for development with Bundler
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle platform(1)\fR \fIbundle\-platform\.1\.html\fR
 Display platform compatibility information
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle clean(1)\fR \fIbundle\-clean\.1\.html\fR
 Clean up unused gems in your Bundler directory
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle doctor(1)\fR \fIbundle\-doctor\.1\.html\fR
 Display warnings about common problems
-.
 .TP
 \fBbundle remove(1)\fR \fIbundle\-remove\.1\.html\fR
 Removes gems from the Gemfile
-.
+.TP
+\fBbundle plugin(1)\fR \fIbundle\-plugin\.1\.html\fR
+Manage Bundler plugins
+.TP
+\fBbundle version(1)\fR \fIbundle\-version\.1\.html\fR
+Prints Bundler version information
 .SH "PLUGINS"
-When running a command that isn\'t listed in PRIMARY COMMANDS or UTILITIES, Bundler will try to find an executable on your path named \fBbundler\-<command>\fR and execute it, passing down any extra arguments to it\.
-.
+When running a command that isn't listed in PRIMARY COMMANDS or UTILITIES, Bundler will try to find an executable on your path named \fBbundler\-<command>\fR and execute it, passing down any extra arguments to it\.
 .SH "OBSOLETE"
 These commands are obsolete and should no longer be used:
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 \fBbundle inject(1)\fR
-.
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1.ronn
index 8f0159eee5..8245effabd 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1.ronn
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ We divide `bundle` subcommands into primary commands and utilities:
 * [`bundle config(1)`](bundle-config.1.html):
   Specify and read configuration options for Bundler
 
-* `bundle help(1)`:
+* [`bundle help(1)`](bundle-help.1.html):
   Display detailed help for each subcommand
 
 ## UTILITIES
@@ -97,6 +97,12 @@ We divide `bundle` subcommands into primary commands and utilities:
 * [`bundle remove(1)`](bundle-remove.1.html):
   Removes gems from the Gemfile
 
+* [`bundle plugin(1)`](bundle-plugin.1.html):
+  Manage Bundler plugins
+
+* [`bundle version(1)`](bundle-version.1.html):
+  Prints Bundler version information
+
 ## PLUGINS
 
 When running a command that isn't listed in PRIMARY COMMANDS or UTILITIES,
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5 b/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5
index 63a16ca3ff..39503f22a6 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5
@@ -1,212 +1,143 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "GEMFILE" "5" "July 2022" "" ""
-.
+.\" generated with nRonn/v0.11.1
+.\" https://github.com/n-ronn/nronn/tree/0.11.1
+.TH "GEMFILE" "5" "March 2024" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBGemfile\fR \- A format for describing gem dependencies for Ruby programs
-.
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
 A \fBGemfile\fR describes the gem dependencies required to execute associated Ruby code\.
-.
 .P
 Place the \fBGemfile\fR in the root of the directory containing the associated code\. For instance, in a Rails application, place the \fBGemfile\fR in the same directory as the \fBRakefile\fR\.
-.
 .SH "SYNTAX"
 A \fBGemfile\fR is evaluated as Ruby code, in a context which makes available a number of methods used to describe the gem requirements\.
-.
 .SH "GLOBAL SOURCE"
 At the top of the \fBGemfile\fR, add a single line for the \fBRubyGems\fR source that contains the gems listed in the \fBGemfile\fR\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://rubygems\.org"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 You can add only one global source\. In Bundler 1\.13, adding multiple global sources was deprecated\. The \fBsource\fR \fBMUST\fR be a valid RubyGems repository\.
-.
 .P
 To use more than one source of RubyGems, you should use \fI\fBsource\fR block\fR\.
-.
 .P
 A source is checked for gems following the heuristics described in \fISOURCE PRIORITY\fR\.
-.
 .P
 \fBNote about a behavior of the feature deprecated in Bundler 1\.13\fR: If a gem is found in more than one global source, Bundler will print a warning after installing the gem indicating which source was used, and listing the other sources where the gem is available\. A specific source can be selected for gems that need to use a non\-standard repository, suppressing this warning, by using the \fI\fB:source\fR option\fR or \fBsource\fR block\.
-.
 .SS "CREDENTIALS"
 Some gem sources require a username and password\. Use bundle config(1) \fIbundle\-config\.1\.html\fR to set the username and password for any of the sources that need it\. The command must be run once on each computer that will install the Gemfile, but this keeps the credentials from being stored in plain text in version control\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config gems\.example\.com user:password
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 For some sources, like a company Gemfury account, it may be easier to include the credentials in the Gemfile as part of the source URL\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://user:password@gems\.example\.com"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Credentials in the source URL will take precedence over credentials set using \fBconfig\fR\.
-.
 .SH "RUBY"
 If your application requires a specific Ruby version or engine, specify your requirements using the \fBruby\fR method, with the following arguments\. All parameters are \fBOPTIONAL\fR unless otherwise specified\.
-.
 .SS "VERSION (required)"
-The version of Ruby that your application requires\. If your application requires an alternate Ruby engine, such as JRuby, Rubinius or TruffleRuby, this should be the Ruby version that the engine is compatible with\.
-.
+The version of Ruby that your application requires\. If your application requires an alternate Ruby engine, such as JRuby, TruffleRuby, etc\., this should be the Ruby version that the engine is compatible with\.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-ruby "1\.9\.3"
-.
+ruby "3\.1\.2"
+.fi
+.IP "" 0
+.P
+If you wish to derive your Ruby version from a version file (ie \.ruby\-version), you can use the \fBfile\fR option instead\.
+.IP "" 4
+.nf
+ruby file: "\.ruby\-version"
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
+.P
+The version file should conform to any of the following formats:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fB3\.1\.2\fR (\.ruby\-version)
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fBruby 3\.1\.2\fR (\.tool\-versions, read: https://asdf\-vm\.com/manage/configuration\.html#tool\-versions)
+.IP "" 0
 .SS "ENGINE"
 Each application \fImay\fR specify a Ruby engine\. If an engine is specified, an engine version \fImust\fR also be specified\.
-.
 .P
-What exactly is an Engine? \- A Ruby engine is an implementation of the Ruby language\.
-.
+What exactly is an Engine?
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+A Ruby engine is an implementation of the Ruby language\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-For background: the reference or original implementation of the Ruby programming language is called Matz\'s Ruby Interpreter \fIhttps://en\.wikipedia\.org/wiki/Ruby_MRI\fR, or MRI for short\. This is named after Ruby creator Yukihiro Matsumoto, also known as Matz\. MRI is also known as CRuby, because it is written in C\. MRI is the most widely used Ruby engine\.
-.
+For background: the reference or original implementation of the Ruby programming language is called Matz's Ruby Interpreter \fIhttps://en\.wikipedia\.org/wiki/Ruby_MRI\fR, or MRI for short\. This is named after Ruby creator Yukihiro Matsumoto, also known as Matz\. MRI is also known as CRuby, because it is written in C\. MRI is the most widely used Ruby engine\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-Other implementations \fIhttps://www\.ruby\-lang\.org/en/about/\fR of Ruby exist\. Some of the more well\-known implementations include Rubinius \fIhttps://rubinius\.com/\fR, and JRuby \fIhttp://jruby\.org/\fR\. Rubinius is an alternative implementation of Ruby written in Ruby\. JRuby is an implementation of Ruby on the JVM, short for Java Virtual Machine\.
-.
+Other implementations \fIhttps://www\.ruby\-lang\.org/en/about/\fR of Ruby exist\. Some of the more well\-known implementations include JRuby \fIhttps://www\.jruby\.org/\fR and TruffleRuby \fIhttps://www\.graalvm\.org/ruby/\fR\. Rubinius is an alternative implementation of Ruby written in Ruby\. JRuby is an implementation of Ruby on the JVM, short for Java Virtual Machine\. TruffleRuby is a Ruby implementation on the GraalVM, a language toolkit built on the JVM\.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "ENGINE VERSION"
 Each application \fImay\fR specify a Ruby engine version\. If an engine version is specified, an engine \fImust\fR also be specified\. If the engine is "ruby" the engine version specified \fImust\fR match the Ruby version\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-ruby "1\.8\.7", engine: "jruby", engine_version: "1\.6\.7"
-.
+ruby "2\.6\.8", engine: "jruby", engine_version: "9\.3\.8\.0"
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "PATCHLEVEL"
-Each application \fImay\fR specify a Ruby patchlevel\.
-.
+Each application \fImay\fR specify a Ruby patchlevel\. Specifying the patchlevel has been meaningless since Ruby 2\.1\.0 was released as the patchlevel is now uniquely determined by a combination of major, minor, and teeny version numbers\.
+.P
+This option was implemented in Bundler 1\.4\.0 for Ruby 2\.0 or earlier\.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-ruby "2\.0\.0", patchlevel: "247"
-.
+ruby "3\.1\.2", patchlevel: "20"
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SH "GEMS"
 Specify gem requirements using the \fBgem\fR method, with the following arguments\. All parameters are \fBOPTIONAL\fR unless otherwise specified\.
-.
 .SS "NAME (required)"
 For each gem requirement, list a single \fIgem\fR line\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "nokogiri"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "VERSION"
 Each \fIgem\fR \fBMAY\fR have one or more version specifiers\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "nokogiri", ">= 1\.4\.2"
 gem "RedCloth", ">= 4\.1\.0", "< 4\.2\.0"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "REQUIRE AS"
 Each \fIgem\fR \fBMAY\fR specify files that should be used when autorequiring via \fBBundler\.require\fR\. You may pass an array with multiple files or \fBtrue\fR if the file you want \fBrequired\fR has the same name as \fIgem\fR or \fBfalse\fR to prevent any file from being autorequired\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "redis", require: ["redis/connection/hiredis", "redis"]
 gem "webmock", require: false
 gem "byebug", require: true
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 The argument defaults to the name of the gem\. For example, these are identical:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "nokogiri"
 gem "nokogiri", require: "nokogiri"
 gem "nokogiri", require: true
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "GROUPS"
 Each \fIgem\fR \fBMAY\fR specify membership in one or more groups\. Any \fIgem\fR that does not specify membership in any group is placed in the \fBdefault\fR group\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rspec", group: :test
 gem "wirble", groups: [:development, :test]
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 The Bundler runtime allows its two main methods, \fBBundler\.setup\fR and \fBBundler\.require\fR, to limit their impact to particular groups\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-# setup adds gems to Ruby\'s load path
+# setup adds gems to Ruby's load path
 Bundler\.setup                    # defaults to all groups
 require "bundler/setup"          # same as Bundler\.setup
 Bundler\.setup(:default)          # only set up the _default_ group
@@ -218,451 +149,269 @@ Bundler\.require                  # defaults to the _default_ group
 Bundler\.require(:default)        # identical
 Bundler\.require(:default, :test) # requires the _default_ and _test_ groups
 Bundler\.require(:test)           # requires the _test_ group
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 The Bundler CLI allows you to specify a list of groups whose gems \fBbundle install\fR should not install with the \fBwithout\fR configuration\.
-.
 .P
 To specify multiple groups to ignore, specify a list of groups separated by spaces\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 bundle config set \-\-local without test
 bundle config set \-\-local without development test
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Also, calling \fBBundler\.setup\fR with no parameters, or calling \fBrequire "bundler/setup"\fR will setup all groups except for the ones you excluded via \fB\-\-without\fR (since they are not available)\.
-.
 .P
 Note that on \fBbundle install\fR, bundler downloads and evaluates all gems, in order to create a single canonical list of all of the required gems and their dependencies\. This means that you cannot list different versions of the same gems in different groups\. For more details, see Understanding Bundler \fIhttps://bundler\.io/rationale\.html\fR\.
-.
 .SS "PLATFORMS"
 If a gem should only be used in a particular platform or set of platforms, you can specify them\. Platforms are essentially identical to groups, except that you do not need to use the \fB\-\-without\fR install\-time flag to exclude groups of gems for other platforms\.
-.
 .P
 There are a number of \fBGemfile\fR platforms:
-.
 .TP
 \fBruby\fR
-C Ruby (MRI), Rubinius or TruffleRuby, but \fBNOT\fR Windows
-.
+C Ruby (MRI), Rubinius, or TruffleRuby, but not Windows
 .TP
 \fBmri\fR
-Same as \fIruby\fR, but only C Ruby (MRI)
-.
+C Ruby (MRI) only, but not Windows
 .TP
-\fBmingw\fR
-Windows 32 bit \'mingw32\' platform (aka RubyInstaller)
-.
+\fBwindows\fR
+Windows C Ruby (MRI), including RubyInstaller 32\-bit and 64\-bit versions
 .TP
-\fBx64_mingw\fR
-Windows 64 bit \'mingw32\' platform (aka RubyInstaller x64)
-.
+\fBmswin\fR
+Windows C Ruby (MRI), including RubyInstaller 32\-bit versions
+.TP
+\fBmswin64\fR
+Windows C Ruby (MRI), including RubyInstaller 64\-bit versions
 .TP
 \fBrbx\fR
 Rubinius
-.
 .TP
 \fBjruby\fR
 JRuby
-.
 .TP
 \fBtruffleruby\fR
 TruffleRuby
-.
-.TP
-\fBmswin\fR
-Windows
-.
 .P
-You can restrict further by platform and version for all platforms \fIexcept\fR for \fBrbx\fR, \fBjruby\fR, \fBtruffleruby\fR and \fBmswin\fR\.
-.
-.P
-To specify a version in addition to a platform, append the version number without the delimiter to the platform\. For example, to specify that a gem should only be used on platforms with Ruby 2\.3, use:
-.
+On platforms \fBruby\fR, \fBmri\fR, \fBmswin\fR, \fBmswin64\fR, and \fBwindows\fR, you may additionally specify a version by appending the major and minor version numbers without a delimiter\. For example, to specify that a gem should only be used on platform \fBruby\fR version 3\.1, use:
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-ruby_23
-.
+ruby_31
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-The full list of platforms and supported versions includes:
-.
-.TP
-\fBruby\fR
-1\.8, 1\.9, 2\.0, 2\.1, 2\.2, 2\.3, 2\.4, 2\.5, 2\.6
-.
-.TP
-\fBmri\fR
-1\.8, 1\.9, 2\.0, 2\.1, 2\.2, 2\.3, 2\.4, 2\.5, 2\.6
-.
-.TP
-\fBmingw\fR
-1\.8, 1\.9, 2\.0, 2\.1, 2\.2, 2\.3, 2\.4, 2\.5, 2\.6
-.
-.TP
-\fBx64_mingw\fR
-2\.0, 2\.1, 2\.2, 2\.3, 2\.4, 2\.5, 2\.6
-.
-.P
-As with groups, you can specify one or more platforms:
-.
+As with groups (above), you may specify one or more platforms:
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "weakling",   platforms: :jruby
-gem "ruby\-debug", platforms: :mri_18
-gem "nokogiri",   platforms: [:mri_18, :jruby]
-.
+gem "ruby\-debug", platforms: :mri_31
+gem "nokogiri",   platforms: [:windows_31, :jruby]
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 All operations involving groups (\fBbundle install\fR \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR, \fBBundler\.setup\fR, \fBBundler\.require\fR) behave exactly the same as if any groups not matching the current platform were explicitly excluded\.
-.
+.P
+The following platform values are deprecated and should be replaced with \fBwindows\fR:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+\fBmswin\fR, \fBmswin64\fR, \fBmingw32\fR, \fBx64_mingw\fR
+.IP "" 0
 .SS "FORCE_RUBY_PLATFORM"
 If you always want the pure ruby variant of a gem to be chosen over platform specific variants, you can use the \fBforce_ruby_platform\fR option:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "ffi", force_ruby_platform: true
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 This can be handy (assuming the pure ruby variant works fine) when:
-.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-You\'re having issues with the platform specific variant\.
-.
+You're having issues with the platform specific variant\.
 .IP "\(bu" 4
 The platform specific variant does not yet support a newer ruby (and thus has a \fBrequired_ruby_version\fR upper bound), but you still want your Gemfile{\.lock} files to resolve under that ruby\.
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "SOURCE"
-You can select an alternate RubyGems repository for a gem using the \':source\' option\.
-.
+You can select an alternate RubyGems repository for a gem using the ':source' option\.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "some_internal_gem", source: "https://gems\.example\.com"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 This forces the gem to be loaded from this source and ignores the global source declared at the top level of the file\. If the gem does not exist in this source, it will not be installed\.
-.
 .P
 Bundler will search for child dependencies of this gem by first looking in the source selected for the parent, but if they are not found there, it will fall back on the global source\.
-.
 .P
 \fBNote about a behavior of the feature deprecated in Bundler 1\.13\fR: Selecting a specific source repository this way also suppresses the ambiguous gem warning described above in \fIGLOBAL SOURCE\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Using the \fB:source\fR option for an individual gem will also make that source available as a possible global source for any other gems which do not specify explicit sources\. Thus, when adding gems with explicit sources, it is recommended that you also ensure all other gems in the Gemfile are using explicit sources\.
-.
 .SS "GIT"
 If necessary, you can specify that a gem is located at a particular git repository using the \fB:git\fR parameter\. The repository can be accessed via several protocols:
-.
 .TP
 \fBHTTP(S)\fR
 gem "rails", git: "https://github\.com/rails/rails\.git"
-.
 .TP
 \fBSSH\fR
 gem "rails", git: "git@github\.com:rails/rails\.git"
-.
 .TP
 \fBgit\fR
 gem "rails", git: "git://github\.com/rails/rails\.git"
-.
 .P
 If using SSH, the user that you use to run \fBbundle install\fR \fBMUST\fR have the appropriate keys available in their \fB$HOME/\.ssh\fR\.
-.
 .P
 \fBNOTE\fR: \fBhttp://\fR and \fBgit://\fR URLs should be avoided if at all possible\. These protocols are unauthenticated, so a man\-in\-the\-middle attacker can deliver malicious code and compromise your system\. HTTPS and SSH are strongly preferred\.
-.
 .P
 The \fBgroup\fR, \fBplatforms\fR, and \fBrequire\fR options are available and behave exactly the same as they would for a normal gem\.
-.
 .P
 A git repository \fBSHOULD\fR have at least one file, at the root of the directory containing the gem, with the extension \fB\.gemspec\fR\. This file \fBMUST\fR contain a valid gem specification, as expected by the \fBgem build\fR command\.
-.
 .P
 If a git repository does not have a \fB\.gemspec\fR, bundler will attempt to create one, but it will not contain any dependencies, executables, or C extension compilation instructions\. As a result, it may fail to properly integrate into your application\.
-.
 .P
 If a git repository does have a \fB\.gemspec\fR for the gem you attached it to, a version specifier, if provided, means that the git repository is only valid if the \fB\.gemspec\fR specifies a version matching the version specifier\. If not, bundler will print a warning\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", "2\.3\.8", git: "https://github\.com/rails/rails\.git"
 # bundle install will fail, because the \.gemspec in the rails
-# repository\'s master branch specifies version 3\.0\.0
-.
+# repository's master branch specifies version 3\.0\.0
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 If a git repository does \fBnot\fR have a \fB\.gemspec\fR for the gem you attached it to, a version specifier \fBMUST\fR be provided\. Bundler will use this version in the simple \fB\.gemspec\fR it creates\.
-.
 .P
 Git repositories support a number of additional options\.
-.
 .TP
 \fBbranch\fR, \fBtag\fR, and \fBref\fR
 You \fBMUST\fR only specify at most one of these options\. The default is \fBbranch: "master"\fR\. For example:
-.
 .IP
 gem "rails", git: "https://github\.com/rails/rails\.git", branch: "5\-0\-stable"
-.
 .IP
 gem "rails", git: "https://github\.com/rails/rails\.git", tag: "v5\.0\.0"
-.
 .IP
 gem "rails", git: "https://github\.com/rails/rails\.git", ref: "4aded"
-.
 .TP
 \fBsubmodules\fR
 For reference, a git submodule \fIhttps://git\-scm\.com/book/en/v2/Git\-Tools\-Submodules\fR lets you have another git repository within a subfolder of your repository\. Specify \fBsubmodules: true\fR to cause bundler to expand any submodules included in the git repository
-.
 .P
 If a git repository contains multiple \fB\.gemspecs\fR, each \fB\.gemspec\fR represents a gem located at the same place in the file system as the \fB\.gemspec\fR\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 |~rails                   [git root]
 | |\-rails\.gemspec         [rails gem located here]
 |~actionpack
 | |\-actionpack\.gemspec    [actionpack gem located here]
 |~activesupport
 | |\-activesupport\.gemspec [activesupport gem located here]
-|\.\.\.
-.
+|\|\.\|\.\|\.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 To install a gem located in a git repository, bundler changes to the directory containing the gemspec, runs \fBgem build name\.gemspec\fR and then installs the resulting gem\. The \fBgem build\fR command, which comes standard with Rubygems, evaluates the \fB\.gemspec\fR in the context of the directory in which it is located\.
-.
 .SS "GIT SOURCE"
-A custom git source can be defined via the \fBgit_source\fR method\. Provide the source\'s name as an argument, and a block which receives a single argument and interpolates it into a string to return the full repo address:
-.
+A custom git source can be defined via the \fBgit_source\fR method\. Provide the source's name as an argument, and a block which receives a single argument and interpolates it into a string to return the full repo address:
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 git_source(:stash){ |repo_name| "https://stash\.corp\.acme\.pl/#{repo_name}\.git" }
-gem \'rails\', stash: \'forks/rails\'
-.
+gem 'rails', stash: 'forks/rails'
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In addition, if you wish to choose a specific branch:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", stash: "forks/rails", branch: "branch_name"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "GITHUB"
 \fBNOTE\fR: This shorthand should be avoided until Bundler 2\.0, since it currently expands to an insecure \fBgit://\fR URL\. This allows a man\-in\-the\-middle attacker to compromise your system\.
-.
 .P
 If the git repository you want to use is hosted on GitHub and is public, you can use the :github shorthand to specify the github username and repository name (without the trailing "\.git"), separated by a slash\. If both the username and repository name are the same, you can omit one\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", github: "rails/rails"
 gem "rails", github: "rails"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Are both equivalent to
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-gem "rails", git: "git://github\.com/rails/rails\.git"
-.
+gem "rails", git: "https://github\.com/rails/rails\.git"
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Since the \fBgithub\fR method is a specialization of \fBgit_source\fR, it accepts a \fB:branch\fR named argument\.
-.
 .P
 You can also directly pass a pull request URL:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", github: "https://github\.com/rails/rails/pull/43753"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Which is equivalent to:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "refs/pull/43753/head"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SS "GIST"
 If the git repository you want to use is hosted as a GitHub Gist and is public, you can use the :gist shorthand to specify the gist identifier (without the trailing "\.git")\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "the_hatch", gist: "4815162342"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Is equivalent to:
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "the_hatch", git: "https://gist\.github\.com/4815162342\.git"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Since the \fBgist\fR method is a specialization of \fBgit_source\fR, it accepts a \fB:branch\fR named argument\.
-.
 .SS "BITBUCKET"
 If the git repository you want to use is hosted on Bitbucket and is public, you can use the :bitbucket shorthand to specify the bitbucket username and repository name (without the trailing "\.git"), separated by a slash\. If both the username and repository name are the same, you can omit one\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", bitbucket: "rails/rails"
 gem "rails", bitbucket: "rails"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Are both equivalent to
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", git: "https://rails@bitbucket\.org/rails/rails\.git"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 Since the \fBbitbucket\fR method is a specialization of \fBgit_source\fR, it accepts a \fB:branch\fR named argument\.
-.
 .SS "PATH"
 You can specify that a gem is located in a particular location on the file system\. Relative paths are resolved relative to the directory containing the \fBGemfile\fR\.
-.
 .P
 Similar to the semantics of the \fB:git\fR option, the \fB:path\fR option requires that the directory in question either contains a \fB\.gemspec\fR for the gem, or that you specify an explicit version that bundler should use\.
-.
 .P
 Unlike \fB:git\fR, bundler does not compile C extensions for gems specified as paths\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 gem "rails", path: "vendor/rails"
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
-If you would like to use multiple local gems directly from the filesystem, you can set a global \fBpath\fR option to the path containing the gem\'s files\. This will automatically load gemspec files from subdirectories\.
-.
+If you would like to use multiple local gems directly from the filesystem, you can set a global \fBpath\fR option to the path containing the gem's files\. This will automatically load gemspec files from subdirectories\.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
-path \'components\' do
-  gem \'admin_ui\'
-  gem \'public_ui\'
+path 'components' do
+  gem 'admin_ui'
+  gem 'public_ui'
 end
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SH "BLOCK FORM OF SOURCE, GIT, PATH, GROUP and PLATFORMS"
 The \fB:source\fR, \fB:git\fR, \fB:path\fR, \fB:group\fR, and \fB:platforms\fR options may be applied to a group of gems by using block form\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 source "https://gems\.example\.com" do
   gem "some_internal_gem"
   gem "another_internal_gem"
@@ -682,61 +431,40 @@ group :development, optional: true do
   gem "wirble"
   gem "faker"
 end
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .P
 In the case of the group block form the :optional option can be given to prevent a group from being installed unless listed in the \fB\-\-with\fR option given to the \fBbundle install\fR command\.
-.
 .P
 In the case of the \fBgit\fR block form, the \fB:ref\fR, \fB:branch\fR, \fB:tag\fR, and \fB:submodules\fR options may be passed to the \fBgit\fR method, and all gems in the block will inherit those options\.
-.
 .P
 The presence of a \fBsource\fR block in a Gemfile also makes that source available as a possible global source for any other gems which do not specify explicit sources\. Thus, when defining source blocks, it is recommended that you also ensure all other gems in the Gemfile are using explicit sources, either via source blocks or \fB:source\fR directives on individual gems\.
-.
 .SH "INSTALL_IF"
 The \fBinstall_if\fR method allows gems to be installed based on a proc or lambda\. This is especially useful for optional gems that can only be used if certain software is installed or some other conditions are met\.
-.
 .IP "" 4
-.
 .nf
-
 install_if \-> { RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/ } do
   gem "pasteboard"
 end
-.
 .fi
-.
 .IP "" 0
-.
 .SH "GEMSPEC"
-The \fB\.gemspec\fR \fIhttp://guides\.rubygems\.org/specification\-reference/\fR file is where you provide metadata about your gem to Rubygems\. Some required Gemspec attributes include the name, description, and homepage of your gem\. This is also where you specify the dependencies your gem needs to run\.
-.
+The \fB\.gemspec\fR \fIhttps://guides\.rubygems\.org/specification\-reference/\fR file is where you provide metadata about your gem to Rubygems\. Some required Gemspec attributes include the name, description, and homepage of your gem\. This is also where you specify the dependencies your gem needs to run\.
 .P
 If you wish to use Bundler to help install dependencies for a gem while it is being developed, use the \fBgemspec\fR method to pull in the dependencies listed in the \fB\.gemspec\fR file\.
-.
 .P
-The \fBgemspec\fR method adds any runtime dependencies as gem requirements in the default group\. It also adds development dependencies as gem requirements in the \fBdevelopment\fR group\. Finally, it adds a gem requirement on your project (\fBpath: \'\.\'\fR)\. In conjunction with \fBBundler\.setup\fR, this allows you to require project files in your test code as you would if the project were installed as a gem; you need not manipulate the load path manually or require project files via relative paths\.
-.
+The \fBgemspec\fR method adds any runtime dependencies as gem requirements in the default group\. It also adds development dependencies as gem requirements in the \fBdevelopment\fR group\. Finally, it adds a gem requirement on your project (\fBpath: '\.'\fR)\. In conjunction with \fBBundler\.setup\fR, this allows you to require project files in your test code as you would if the project were installed as a gem; you need not manipulate the load path manually or require project files via relative paths\.
 .P
-The \fBgemspec\fR method supports optional \fB:path\fR, \fB:glob\fR, \fB:name\fR, and \fB:development_group\fR options, which control where bundler looks for the \fB\.gemspec\fR, the glob it uses to look for the gemspec (defaults to: "{,\fI,\fR/*}\.gemspec"), what named \fB\.gemspec\fR it uses (if more than one is present), and which group development dependencies are included in\.
-.
+The \fBgemspec\fR method supports optional \fB:path\fR, \fB:glob\fR, \fB:name\fR, and \fB:development_group\fR options, which control where bundler looks for the \fB\.gemspec\fR, the glob it uses to look for the gemspec (defaults to: \fB{,*,*/*}\.gemspec\fR), what named \fB\.gemspec\fR it uses (if more than one is present), and which group development dependencies are included in\.
 .P
 When a \fBgemspec\fR dependency encounters version conflicts during resolution, the local version under development will always be selected \-\- even if there are remote versions that better match other requirements for the \fBgemspec\fR gem\.
-.
 .SH "SOURCE PRIORITY"
 When attempting to locate a gem to satisfy a gem requirement, bundler uses the following priority order:
-.
 .IP "1." 4
 The source explicitly attached to the gem (using \fB:source\fR, \fB:path\fR, or \fB:git\fR)
-.
 .IP "2." 4
 For implicit gems (dependencies of explicit gems), any source, git, or path repository declared on the parent\. This results in bundler prioritizing the ActiveSupport gem from the Rails git repository over ones from \fBrubygems\.org\fR
-.
 .IP "3." 4
 If neither of the above conditions are met, the global source will be used\. If multiple global sources are specified, they will be prioritized from last to first, but this is deprecated since Bundler 1\.13, so Bundler prints a warning and will abort with an error in the future\.
-.
 .IP "" 0
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5.ronn b/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5.ronn
index c2f9141c65..7c1e00d13a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5.ronn
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5.ronn
@@ -64,10 +64,20 @@ All parameters are `OPTIONAL` unless otherwise specified.
 ### VERSION (required)
 
 The version of Ruby that your application requires. If your application
-requires an alternate Ruby engine, such as JRuby, Rubinius or TruffleRuby, this
+requires an alternate Ruby engine, such as JRuby, TruffleRuby, etc., this
 should be the Ruby version that the engine is compatible with.
 
-    ruby "1.9.3"
+    ruby "3.1.2"
+
+If you wish to derive your Ruby version from a version file (ie .ruby-version),
+you can use the `file` option instead.
+
+    ruby file: ".ruby-version"
+
+The version file should conform to any of the following formats:
+
+  - `3.1.2` (.ruby-version)
+  - `ruby 3.1.2` (.tool-versions, read: https://asdf-vm.com/manage/configuration.html#tool-versions)
 
 ### ENGINE
 
@@ -86,9 +96,10 @@ What exactly is an Engine?
 
   - [Other implementations](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/about/) of Ruby exist.
     Some of the more well-known implementations include
-    [Rubinius](https://rubinius.com/), and [JRuby](http://jruby.org/).
+    [JRuby](https://www.jruby.org/) and [TruffleRuby](https://www.graalvm.org/ruby/).
     Rubinius is an alternative implementation of Ruby written in Ruby.
     JRuby is an implementation of Ruby on the JVM, short for Java Virtual Machine.
+    TruffleRuby is a Ruby implementation on the GraalVM, a language toolkit built on the JVM.
 
 ### ENGINE VERSION
 
@@ -96,13 +107,17 @@ Each application _may_ specify a Ruby engine version. If an engine version is
 specified, an engine _must_ also be specified. If the engine is "ruby" the
 engine version specified _must_ match the Ruby version.
 
-    ruby "1.8.7", engine: "jruby", engine_version: "1.6.7"
+    ruby "2.6.8", engine: "jruby", engine_version: "9.3.8.0"
 
 ### PATCHLEVEL
 
-Each application _may_ specify a Ruby patchlevel.
+Each application _may_ specify a Ruby patchlevel. Specifying the patchlevel has
+been meaningless since Ruby 2.1.0 was released as the patchlevel is now
+uniquely determined by a combination of major, minor, and teeny version numbers.
 
-    ruby "2.0.0", patchlevel: "247"
+This option was implemented in Bundler 1.4.0 for Ruby 2.0 or earlier.
+
+    ruby "3.1.2", patchlevel: "20"
 
 ## GEMS
 
@@ -190,52 +205,43 @@ platforms.
 There are a number of `Gemfile` platforms:
 
   * `ruby`:
-    C Ruby (MRI), Rubinius or TruffleRuby, but `NOT` Windows
+    C Ruby (MRI), Rubinius, or TruffleRuby, but not Windows
   * `mri`:
-    Same as _ruby_, but only C Ruby (MRI)
-  * `mingw`:
-    Windows 32 bit 'mingw32' platform (aka RubyInstaller)
-  * `x64_mingw`:
-    Windows 64 bit 'mingw32' platform (aka RubyInstaller x64)
+    C Ruby (MRI) only, but not Windows
+  * `windows`:
+    Windows C Ruby (MRI), including RubyInstaller 32-bit and 64-bit versions
+  * `mswin`:
+    Windows C Ruby (MRI), including RubyInstaller 32-bit versions
+  * `mswin64`:
+    Windows C Ruby (MRI), including RubyInstaller 64-bit versions
   * `rbx`:
     Rubinius
   * `jruby`:
     JRuby
   * `truffleruby`:
     TruffleRuby
-  * `mswin`:
-    Windows
-
-You can restrict further by platform and version for all platforms *except* for
-`rbx`, `jruby`, `truffleruby` and `mswin`.
 
-To specify a version in addition to a platform, append the version number without
-the delimiter to the platform. For example, to specify that a gem should only be
-used on platforms with Ruby 2.3, use:
+On platforms `ruby`, `mri`, `mswin`, `mswin64`, and `windows`, you may
+additionally specify a version by appending the major and minor version numbers
+without a delimiter. For example, to specify that a gem should only be used on
+platform `ruby` version 3.1, use:
 
-    ruby_23
+    ruby_31
 
-The full list of platforms and supported versions includes:
-
-  * `ruby`:
-    1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6
-  * `mri`:
-    1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6
-  * `mingw`:
-    1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6
-  * `x64_mingw`:
-    2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6
-
-As with groups, you can specify one or more platforms:
+As with groups (above), you may specify one or more platforms:
 
     gem "weakling",   platforms: :jruby
-    gem "ruby-debug", platforms: :mri_18
-    gem "nokogiri",   platforms: [:mri_18, :jruby]
+    gem "ruby-debug", platforms: :mri_31
+    gem "nokogiri",   platforms: [:windows_31, :jruby]
 
 All operations involving groups ([`bundle install`](bundle-install.1.html), `Bundler.setup`,
 `Bundler.require`) behave exactly the same as if any groups not
 matching the current platform were explicitly excluded.
 
+The following platform values are deprecated and should be replaced with `windows`:
+
+  * `mswin`, `mswin64`, `mingw32`, `x64_mingw`
+
 ### FORCE_RUBY_PLATFORM
 
 If you always want the pure ruby variant of a gem to be chosen over platform
@@ -387,7 +393,7 @@ same, you can omit one.
 
 Are both equivalent to
 
-    gem "rails", git: "git://github.com/rails/rails.git"
+    gem "rails", git: "https://github.com/rails/rails.git"
 
 Since the `github` method is a specialization of `git_source`, it accepts a `:branch` named argument.
 
@@ -503,7 +509,7 @@ software is installed or some other conditions are met.
 
 ## GEMSPEC
 
-The [`.gemspec`](http://guides.rubygems.org/specification-reference/) file is where
+The [`.gemspec`](https://guides.rubygems.org/specification-reference/) file is where
  you provide metadata about your gem to Rubygems. Some required Gemspec
  attributes include the name, description, and homepage of your gem. This is
  also where you specify the dependencies your gem needs to run.
@@ -522,7 +528,7 @@ paths.
 
 The `gemspec` method supports optional `:path`, `:glob`, `:name`, and `:development_group`
 options, which control where bundler looks for the `.gemspec`, the glob it uses to look
-for the gemspec (defaults to: "{,*,*/*}.gemspec"), what named `.gemspec` it uses
+for the gemspec (defaults to: `{,*,*/*}.gemspec`), what named `.gemspec` it uses
 (if more than one is present), and which group development dependencies are included in.
 
 When a `gemspec` dependency encounters version conflicts during resolution, the
diff --git a/lib/bundler/man/index.txt b/lib/bundler/man/index.txt
index ef2956b2f9..24f7633e66 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/man/index.txt
+++ b/lib/bundler/man/index.txt
@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ bundle-cache(1)       bundle-cache.1
 bundle-check(1)       bundle-check.1
 bundle-clean(1)       bundle-clean.1
 bundle-config(1)      bundle-config.1
+bundle-console(1)     bundle-console.1
 bundle-doctor(1)      bundle-doctor.1
 bundle-exec(1)        bundle-exec.1
 bundle-gem(1)         bundle-gem.1
+bundle-help(1)        bundle-help.1
 bundle-info(1)        bundle-info.1
 bundle-init(1)        bundle-init.1
 bundle-inject(1)      bundle-inject.1
@@ -18,8 +20,10 @@ bundle-lock(1)        bundle-lock.1
 bundle-open(1)        bundle-open.1
 bundle-outdated(1)    bundle-outdated.1
 bundle-platform(1)    bundle-platform.1
+bundle-plugin(1)      bundle-plugin.1
 bundle-pristine(1)    bundle-pristine.1
 bundle-remove(1)      bundle-remove.1
 bundle-show(1)        bundle-show.1
 bundle-update(1)      bundle-update.1
+bundle-version(1)     bundle-version.1
 bundle-viz(1)         bundle-viz.1
diff --git a/lib/bundler/match_metadata.rb b/lib/bundler/match_metadata.rb
index 499036ca93..f6cc27df32 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/match_metadata.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/match_metadata.rb
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 module Bundler
   module MatchMetadata
+    def matches_current_metadata?
+      matches_current_ruby? && matches_current_rubygems?
+    end
+
     def matches_current_ruby?
       @required_ruby_version.satisfied_by?(Gem.ruby_version)
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/match_platform.rb b/lib/bundler/match_platform.rb
index 7f7e8227f9..ece9fb8679 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/match_platform.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/match_platform.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def self.platforms_match?(gemspec_platform, local_platform)
       return true if gemspec_platform.nil?
-      return true if Gem::Platform::RUBY == gemspec_platform
+      return true if gemspec_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
       return true if local_platform == gemspec_platform
       gemspec_platform = Gem::Platform.new(gemspec_platform)
       return true if gemspec_platform === local_platform
diff --git a/lib/bundler/match_remote_metadata.rb b/lib/bundler/match_remote_metadata.rb
index e1b2f4d0e2..5e46d52441 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/match_remote_metadata.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/match_remote_metadata.rb
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 
 module Bundler
   module FetchMetadata
+    # A fallback is included because the original version of the specification
+    # API didn't include that field, so some marshalled specs in the index have it
+    # set to +nil+.
     def matches_current_ruby?
-      @required_ruby_version ||= _remote_specification.required_ruby_version
+      @required_ruby_version ||= _remote_specification.required_ruby_version || Gem::Requirement.default
 
       super
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/mirror.rb b/lib/bundler/mirror.rb
index a63b45b47d..494a6d6aef 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/mirror.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/mirror.rb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       def fetch_valid_mirror_for(uri)
         downcased = uri.to_s.downcase
-        mirror = @mirrors[downcased] || @mirrors[Bundler::URI(downcased).host] || Mirror.new(uri)
+        mirror = @mirrors[downcased] || @mirrors[Gem::URI(downcased).host] || Mirror.new(uri)
         mirror.validate!(@prober)
         mirror = Mirror.new(uri) unless mirror.valid?
         mirror
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ module Bundler
         @uri = if uri.nil?
           nil
         else
-          Bundler::URI(uri.to_s)
+          Gem::URI(uri.to_s)
         end
         @valid = nil
       end
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ module Bundler
         if uri == "all"
           @all = true
         else
-          @uri = Bundler::URI(uri).absolute? ? Settings.normalize_uri(uri) : uri
+          @uri = Gem::URI(uri).absolute? ? Settings.normalize_uri(uri) : uri
         end
         @value = value
       end
@@ -148,13 +148,11 @@ module Bundler
     class TCPSocketProbe
       def replies?(mirror)
         MirrorSockets.new(mirror).any? do |socket, address, timeout|
-          begin
-            socket.connect_nonblock(address)
-          rescue Errno::EINPROGRESS
-            wait_for_writtable_socket(socket, address, timeout)
-          rescue RuntimeError # Connection failed somehow, again
-            false
-          end
+          socket.connect_nonblock(address)
+        rescue Errno::EINPROGRESS
+          wait_for_writtable_socket(socket, address, timeout)
+        rescue RuntimeError # Connection failed somehow, again
+          false
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin.rb
index 158c69e1a1..588fa79be8 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/plugin.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ module Bundler
     class UnknownSourceError < PluginError; end
     class PluginInstallError < PluginError; end
 
-    PLUGIN_FILE_NAME = "plugins.rb".freeze
+    PLUGIN_FILE_NAME = "plugins.rb"
 
     module_function
 
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ module Bundler
     # @param [Hash] options various parameters as described in description.
     #               Refer to cli/plugin for available options
     def install(names, options)
+      raise InvalidOption, "You cannot specify `--branch` and `--ref` at the same time." if options["branch"] && options["ref"]
+
       specs = Installer.new.install(names, options)
 
       save_plugins names, specs
@@ -60,7 +62,8 @@ module Bundler
       if names.any?
         names.each do |name|
           if index.installed?(name)
-            Bundler.rm_rf(index.plugin_path(name))
+            path = index.plugin_path(name).to_s
+            Bundler.rm_rf(path) if index.installed_in_plugin_root?(name)
             index.unregister_plugin(name)
             Bundler.ui.info "Uninstalled plugin #{name}"
           else
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ module Bundler
     # @param [Pathname] gemfile path
     # @param [Proc] block that can be evaluated for (inline) Gemfile
     def gemfile_install(gemfile = nil, &inline)
-      Bundler.settings.temporary(:frozen => false, :deployment => false) do
+      Bundler.settings.temporary(frozen: false, deployment: false) do
         builder = DSL.new
         if block_given?
           builder.instance_eval(&inline)
@@ -195,7 +198,7 @@ module Bundler
     # @param [Hash] The options that are present in the lock file
     # @return [API::Source] the instance of the class that handles the source
     #                       type passed in locked_opts
-    def source_from_lock(locked_opts)
+    def from_lock(locked_opts)
       src = source(locked_opts["type"])
 
       src.new(locked_opts.merge("uri" => locked_opts["remote"]))
@@ -225,7 +228,7 @@ module Bundler
       plugins = index.hook_plugins(event)
       return unless plugins.any?
 
-      (plugins - @loaded_plugin_names).each {|name| load_plugin(name) }
+      plugins.each {|name| load_plugin(name) }
 
       @hooks_by_event[event].each {|blk| blk.call(*args, &arg_blk) }
     end
@@ -237,6 +240,11 @@ module Bundler
       Index.new.installed?(plugin)
     end
 
+    # @return [true, false] whether the plugin is loaded
+    def loaded?(plugin)
+      @loaded_plugin_names.include?(plugin)
+    end
+
     # Post installation processing and registering with index
     #
     # @param [Array<String>] plugins list to be installed
@@ -299,7 +307,7 @@ module Bundler
       @hooks_by_event = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = [] }
 
       load_paths = spec.load_paths
-      Bundler.rubygems.add_to_load_path(load_paths)
+      Gem.add_to_load_path(*load_paths)
       path = Pathname.new spec.full_gem_path
 
       begin
@@ -327,13 +335,14 @@ module Bundler
     # @param [String] name of the plugin
     def load_plugin(name)
       return unless name && !name.empty?
+      return if loaded?(name)
 
       # Need to ensure before this that plugin root where the rest of gems
       # are installed to be on load path to support plugin deps. Currently not
       # done to avoid conflicts
       path = index.plugin_path(name)
 
-      Bundler.rubygems.add_to_load_path(index.load_paths(name))
+      Gem.add_to_load_path(*index.load_paths(name))
 
       load path.join(PLUGIN_FILE_NAME)
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin/api/source.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin/api/source.rb
index 67c45bd204..8563ee358a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/plugin/api/source.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin/api/source.rb
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ module Bundler
       #     is present to be compatible with `Definition` and is used by
       #     rubygems source.
       module Source
-        attr_reader :uri, :options, :name
+        attr_reader :uri, :options, :name, :checksum_store
         attr_accessor :dependency_names
 
         def initialize(opts)
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ module Bundler
           @uri = opts["uri"]
           @type = opts["type"]
           @name = opts["name"] || "#{@type} at #{@uri}"
+          @checksum_store = Checksum::Store.new
         end
 
         # This is used by the default `spec` method to constructs the
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ module Bundler
         #
         # Note: Do not override if you don't know what you are doing.
         def post_install(spec, disable_exts = false)
-          opts = { :env_shebang => false, :disable_extensions => disable_exts }
+          opts = { env_shebang: false, disable_extensions: disable_exts }
           installer = Bundler::Source::Path::Installer.new(spec, opts)
           installer.post_install
         end
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ module Bundler
         def install_path
           @install_path ||=
             begin
-              base_name = File.basename(Bundler::URI.parse(uri).normalize.path)
+              base_name = File.basename(Gem::URI.parse(uri).normalize.path)
 
               gem_install_dir.join("#{base_name}-#{uri_hash[0..11]}")
             end
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ module Bundler
         #
         # This is used by `app_cache_path`
         def app_cache_dirname
-          base_name = File.basename(Bundler::URI.parse(uri).normalize.path)
+          base_name = File.basename(Gem::URI.parse(uri).normalize.path)
           "#{base_name}-#{uri_hash}"
         end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb
index 29d33be718..c2ab8f90da 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb
@@ -136,6 +136,14 @@ module Bundler
         @hooks[event] || []
       end
 
+      # This plugin is installed inside the .bundle/plugin directory,
+      # and thus is managed solely by Bundler
+      def installed_in_plugin_root?(name)
+        return false unless (path = installed?(name))
+
+        path.start_with?("#{Plugin.root}/")
+      end
+
       private
 
       # Reads the index file from the directory and initializes the instance
@@ -146,7 +154,7 @@ module Bundler
       # @param [Boolean] is the index file global index
       def load_index(index_file, global = false)
         SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(index_file, :read) do |index_f|
-          valid_file = index_f && index_f.exist? && !index_f.size.zero?
+          valid_file = index_f&.exist? && !index_f.size.zero?
           break unless valid_file
 
           data = index_f.read
@@ -167,11 +175,11 @@ module Bundler
       # to be only String key value pairs)
       def save_index
         index = {
-          "commands"     => @commands,
-          "hooks"        => @hooks,
-          "load_paths"   => @load_paths,
+          "commands" => @commands,
+          "hooks" => @hooks,
+          "load_paths" => @load_paths,
           "plugin_paths" => @plugin_paths,
-          "sources"      => @sources,
+          "sources" => @sources,
         }
 
         require_relative "../yaml_serializer"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin/installer.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin/installer.rb
index 81ecafa470..4f60862bb4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/plugin/installer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin/installer.rb
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ module Bundler
     class Installer
       autoload :Rubygems, File.expand_path("installer/rubygems", __dir__)
       autoload :Git,      File.expand_path("installer/git", __dir__)
+      autoload :Path, File.expand_path("installer/path", __dir__)
 
       def install(names, options)
         check_sources_consistency!(options)
@@ -18,8 +19,8 @@ module Bundler
 
         if options[:git]
           install_git(names, version, options)
-        elsif options[:local_git]
-          install_local_git(names, version, options)
+        elsif options[:path]
+          install_path(names, version, options[:path])
         else
           sources = options[:source] || Gem.sources
           install_rubygems(names, version, sources)
@@ -45,20 +46,40 @@ module Bundler
         if options.key?(:git) && options.key?(:local_git)
           raise InvalidOption, "Remote and local plugin git sources can't be both specified"
         end
+
+        # back-compat; local_git is an alias for git
+        if options.key?(:local_git)
+          Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, "--local_git is deprecated, use --git")
+          options[:git] = options.delete(:local_git)
+        end
+
+        if (options.keys & [:source, :git, :path]).length > 1
+          raise InvalidOption, "Only one of --source, --git, or --path may be specified"
+        end
+
+        if (options.key?(:branch) || options.key?(:ref)) && !options.key?(:git)
+          raise InvalidOption, "--#{options.key?(:branch) ? "branch" : "ref"} can only be used with git sources"
+        end
+
+        if options.key?(:branch) && options.key?(:ref)
+          raise InvalidOption, "--branch and --ref can't be both specified"
+        end
       end
 
       def install_git(names, version, options)
-        uri = options.delete(:git)
-        options["uri"] = uri
+        source_list = SourceList.new
+        source = source_list.add_git_source({ "uri" => options[:git],
+                                              "branch" => options[:branch],
+                                              "ref" => options[:ref] })
 
-        install_all_sources(names, version, options, options[:source])
+        install_all_sources(names, version, source_list, source)
       end
 
-      def install_local_git(names, version, options)
-        uri = options.delete(:local_git)
-        options["uri"] = uri
+      def install_path(names, version, path)
+        source_list = SourceList.new
+        source = source_list.add_path_source({ "path" => path, "root_path" => SharedHelpers.pwd })
 
-        install_all_sources(names, version, options, options[:source])
+        install_all_sources(names, version, source_list, source)
       end
 
       # Installs the plugin from rubygems source and returns the path where the
@@ -70,21 +91,23 @@ module Bundler
       #
       # @return [Hash] map of names to the specs of plugins installed
       def install_rubygems(names, version, sources)
-        install_all_sources(names, version, nil, sources)
-      end
-
-      def install_all_sources(names, version, git_source_options, rubygems_source)
         source_list = SourceList.new
 
-        source_list.add_git_source(git_source_options) if git_source_options
-        Array(rubygems_source).each {|remote| source_list.add_global_rubygems_remote(remote) } if rubygems_source
+        Array(sources).each {|remote| source_list.add_global_rubygems_remote(remote) }
 
-        deps = names.map {|name| Dependency.new name, version }
+        install_all_sources(names, version, source_list)
+      end
+
+      def install_all_sources(names, version, source_list, source = nil)
+        deps = names.map {|name| Dependency.new(name, version, { "source" => source }) }
 
         Bundler.configure_gem_home_and_path(Plugin.root)
 
-        definition = Definition.new(nil, deps, source_list, true)
-        install_definition(definition)
+        Bundler.settings.temporary(deployment: false, frozen: false) do
+          definition = Definition.new(nil, deps, source_list, true)
+
+          install_definition(definition)
+        end
       end
 
       # Installs the plugins and deps from the provided specs and returns map of
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/path.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/path.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58a8fa7426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/path.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  module Plugin
+    class Installer
+      class Path < Bundler::Source::Path
+        def root
+          SharedHelpers.in_bundle? ? Bundler.root : Plugin.root
+        end
+
+        def generate_bin(spec, disable_extensions = false)
+          # Need to find a way without code duplication
+          # For now, we can ignore this
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/rubygems.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/rubygems.rb
index 7277234d9a..cb5db9c30e 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/rubygems.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin/installer/rubygems.rb
@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ module Bundler
       class Rubygems < Bundler::Source::Rubygems
         private
 
-        def requires_sudo?
-          false # Will change on implementation of project level plugins
-        end
-
         def rubygems_dir
           Plugin.root
         end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/plugin/source_list.rb b/lib/bundler/plugin/source_list.rb
index 547661cf2f..746996de55 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/plugin/source_list.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/plugin/source_list.rb
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ module Bundler
         add_source_to_list Plugin::Installer::Git.new(options), git_sources
       end
 
+      def add_path_source(options = {})
+        add_source_to_list Plugin::Installer::Path.new(options), path_sources
+      end
+
       def add_rubygems_source(options = {})
         add_source_to_list Plugin::Installer::Rubygems.new(options), @rubygems_sources
       end
@@ -17,10 +21,6 @@ module Bundler
         path_sources + git_sources + rubygems_sources + [metadata_source]
       end
 
-      def default_source
-        git_sources.first || global_rubygems_source
-      end
-
       private
 
       def rubygems_aggregate_class
diff --git a/lib/bundler/remote_specification.rb b/lib/bundler/remote_specification.rb
index 601957746f..9d237f3fa0 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/remote_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/remote_specification.rb
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def full_name
-      if @original_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      @full_name ||= if @platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
         "#{@name}-#{@version}"
       else
-        "#{@name}-#{@version}-#{@original_platform}"
+        "#{@name}-#{@version}-#{@platform}"
       end
     end
 
@@ -88,6 +88,10 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
+    def runtime_dependencies
+      dependencies.select(&:runtime?)
+    end
+
     def git_version
       return unless loaded_from && source.is_a?(Bundler::Source::Git)
       " #{source.revision[0..6]}"
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@ module Bundler
     def _remote_specification
       @_remote_specification ||= @spec_fetcher.fetch_spec([@name, @version, @original_platform])
       @_remote_specification || raise(GemspecError, "Gemspec data for #{full_name} was" \
-        " missing from the server! Try installing with `--full-index` as a workaround.")
+        " missing from the server!")
     end
 
     def method_missing(method, *args, &blk)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver.rb
index a74af45027..1a6711ea6f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/resolver.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver.rb
@@ -1,440 +1,492 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Bundler
+  #
+  # This class implements the interface needed by PubGrub for resolution. It is
+  # equivalent to the `PubGrub::BasicPackageSource` class provided by PubGrub by
+  # default and used by the most simple PubGrub consumers.
+  #
   class Resolver
-    require_relative "vendored_molinillo"
-    require_relative "resolver/spec_group"
+    require_relative "vendored_pub_grub"
+    require_relative "resolver/base"
+    require_relative "resolver/candidate"
+    require_relative "resolver/incompatibility"
+    require_relative "resolver/root"
 
     include GemHelpers
 
-    # Figures out the best possible configuration of gems that satisfies
-    # the list of passed dependencies and any child dependencies without
-    # causing any gem activation errors.
-    #
-    # ==== Parameters
-    # *dependencies<Gem::Dependency>:: The list of dependencies to resolve
-    #
-    # ==== Returns
-    # <GemBundle>,nil:: If the list of dependencies can be resolved, a
-    #   collection of gemspecs is returned. Otherwise, nil is returned.
-    def self.resolve(requirements, source_requirements = {}, base = [], gem_version_promoter = GemVersionPromoter.new, additional_base_requirements = [], platforms = nil)
-      base = SpecSet.new(base) unless base.is_a?(SpecSet)
-      resolver = new(source_requirements, base, gem_version_promoter, additional_base_requirements, platforms)
-      resolver.start(requirements)
-    end
-
-    def initialize(source_requirements, base, gem_version_promoter, additional_base_requirements, platforms)
-      @source_requirements = source_requirements
+    def initialize(base, gem_version_promoter)
+      @source_requirements = base.source_requirements
       @base = base
-      @resolver = Molinillo::Resolver.new(self, self)
-      @results_for = {}
-      @search_for = {}
-      @additional_base_requirements = additional_base_requirements
-      @platforms = platforms
-      @resolving_only_for_ruby = platforms == [Gem::Platform::RUBY]
       @gem_version_promoter = gem_version_promoter
-      @use_gvp = Bundler.feature_flag.use_gem_version_promoter_for_major_updates? || !@gem_version_promoter.major?
     end
 
-    def start(requirements, exclude_specs: [])
-      @metadata_requirements, regular_requirements = requirements.partition {|dep| dep.name.end_with?("\0") }
+    def start
+      @requirements = @base.requirements
+      @packages = @base.packages
 
-      exclude_specs.each do |spec|
-        remove_from_candidates(spec)
+      root, logger = setup_solver
+
+      Bundler.ui.info "Resolving dependencies...", true
+
+      solve_versions(root: root, logger: logger)
+    end
+
+    def setup_solver
+      root = Resolver::Root.new(name_for_explicit_dependency_source)
+      root_version = Resolver::Candidate.new(0)
+
+      @all_specs = Hash.new do |specs, name|
+        source = source_for(name)
+        matches = source.specs.search(name)
+
+        # Don't bother to check for circular deps when no dependency API are
+        # available, since it's too slow to be usable. That edge case won't work
+        # but resolution other than that should work fine and reasonably fast.
+        if source.respond_to?(:dependency_api_available?) && source.dependency_api_available?
+          matches = filter_invalid_self_dependencies(matches, name)
+        end
+
+        specs[name] = matches.sort_by {|s| [s.version, s.platform.to_s] }
       end
 
-      @base_dg = Molinillo::DependencyGraph.new
-      @base.each do |ls|
-        dep = Dependency.new(ls.name, ls.version)
-        @base_dg.add_vertex(ls.name, DepProxy.get_proxy(dep, ls.platform), true)
+      @all_versions = Hash.new do |candidates, package|
+        candidates[package] = all_versions_for(package)
       end
-      @additional_base_requirements.each {|d| @base_dg.add_vertex(d.name, d) }
-
-      @gem_version_promoter.prerelease_specified = @prerelease_specified = {}
-      requirements.each {|dep| @prerelease_specified[dep.name] ||= dep.prerelease? }
-
-      verify_gemfile_dependencies_are_found!(requirements)
-      result = @resolver.resolve(requirements, @base_dg).
-        map(&:payload).
-        reject {|sg| sg.name.end_with?("\0") }.
-        map(&:to_specs).
-        flatten
-
-      SpecSet.new(SpecSet.new(result).for(regular_requirements, false, @platforms))
-    rescue Molinillo::VersionConflict => e
-      message = version_conflict_message(e)
-      raise VersionConflict.new(e.conflicts.keys.uniq, message)
-    rescue Molinillo::CircularDependencyError => e
-      names = e.dependencies.sort_by(&:name).map {|d| "gem '#{d.name}'" }
-      raise CyclicDependencyError, "Your bundle requires gems that depend" \
-        " on each other, creating an infinite loop. Please remove" \
-        " #{names.count > 1 ? "either " : ""}#{names.join(" or ")}" \
-        " and try again."
-    end
-
-    include Molinillo::UI
-
-    # Conveys debug information to the user.
-    #
-    # @param [Integer] depth the current depth of the resolution process.
-    # @return [void]
-    def debug(depth = 0)
-      return unless debug?
-      debug_info = yield
-      debug_info = debug_info.inspect unless debug_info.is_a?(String)
-      puts debug_info.split("\n").map {|s| depth == 0 ? "BUNDLER: #{s}" : "BUNDLER(#{depth}): #{s}" }
-    end
 
-    def debug?
-      return @debug_mode if defined?(@debug_mode)
-      @debug_mode =
-        ENV["BUNDLER_DEBUG_RESOLVER"] ||
-        ENV["BUNDLER_DEBUG_RESOLVER_TREE"] ||
-        ENV["DEBUG_RESOLVER"] ||
-        ENV["DEBUG_RESOLVER_TREE"] ||
-        false
-    end
+      @sorted_versions = Hash.new do |candidates, package|
+        candidates[package] = filtered_versions_for(package).sort
+      end
 
-    def before_resolution
-      Bundler.ui.info "Resolving dependencies...", debug?
-    end
+      @sorted_versions[root] = [root_version]
 
-    def after_resolution
-      Bundler.ui.info ""
-    end
+      root_dependencies = prepare_dependencies(@requirements, @packages)
 
-    def indicate_progress
-      Bundler.ui.info ".", false unless debug?
-    end
+      @cached_dependencies = Hash.new do |dependencies, package|
+        dependencies[package] = Hash.new do |versions, version|
+          versions[version] = to_dependency_hash(version.dependencies.reject {|d| d.name == package.name }, @packages)
+        end
+      end
+
+      @cached_dependencies[root] = { root_version => root_dependencies }
 
-    include Molinillo::SpecificationProvider
+      logger = Bundler::UI::Shell.new
+      logger.level = debug? ? "debug" : "warn"
 
-    def dependencies_for(specification)
-      specification.dependencies_for_activated_platforms
+      [root, logger]
     end
 
-    def search_for(dependency_proxy)
-      platform = dependency_proxy.__platform
-      dependency = dependency_proxy.dep
-      name = dependency.name
-      @search_for[dependency_proxy] ||= begin
-        results = results_for(dependency) + @base[name].select {|spec| requirement_satisfied_by?(dependency, nil, spec) }
+    def solve_versions(root:, logger:)
+      solver = PubGrub::VersionSolver.new(source: self, root: root, logger: logger)
+      result = solver.solve
+      result.map {|package, version| version.to_specs(package) }.flatten.uniq
+    rescue PubGrub::SolveFailure => e
+      incompatibility = e.incompatibility
+
+      names_to_unlock, names_to_allow_prereleases_for, extended_explanation = find_names_to_relax(incompatibility)
+
+      names_to_relax = names_to_unlock + names_to_allow_prereleases_for
+
+      if names_to_relax.any?
+        if names_to_unlock.any?
+          Bundler.ui.debug "Found conflicts with locked dependencies. Will retry with #{names_to_unlock.join(", ")} unlocked...", true
 
-        if vertex = @base_dg.vertex_named(name)
-          locked_requirement = vertex.payload.requirement
+          @base.unlock_names(names_to_unlock)
         end
 
-        if !@prerelease_specified[name] && (!@use_gvp || locked_requirement.nil?)
-          # Move prereleases to the beginning of the list, so they're considered
-          # last during resolution.
-          pre, results = results.partition {|spec| spec.version.prerelease? }
-          results = pre + results
+        if names_to_allow_prereleases_for.any?
+          Bundler.ui.debug "Found conflicts with dependencies with prereleases. Will retrying considering prereleases for #{names_to_allow_prereleases_for.join(", ")}...", true
+
+          @base.include_prereleases(names_to_allow_prereleases_for)
         end
 
-        spec_groups = if results.any?
-          nested = []
-          results.each do |spec|
-            version, specs = nested.last
-            if version == spec.version
-              specs << spec
-            else
-              nested << [spec.version, [spec]]
-            end
-          end
-          nested.reduce([]) do |groups, (version, specs)|
-            next groups if locked_requirement && !locked_requirement.satisfied_by?(version)
-            next groups unless specs.any? {|spec| spec.match_platform(platform) }
+        root, logger = setup_solver
 
-            specs_by_platform = Hash.new do |current_specs, current_platform|
-              current_specs[current_platform] = select_best_platform_match(specs, current_platform)
-            end
+        Bundler.ui.debug "Retrying resolution...", true
+        retry
+      end
 
-            spec_group_ruby = SpecGroup.create_for(specs_by_platform, [Gem::Platform::RUBY], Gem::Platform::RUBY)
-            if spec_group_ruby
-              spec_group_ruby.force_ruby_platform = dependency.force_ruby_platform
-              groups << spec_group_ruby
-            end
+      explanation = e.message
 
-            next groups if @resolving_only_for_ruby || dependency.force_ruby_platform
+      if extended_explanation
+        explanation << "\n\n"
+        explanation << extended_explanation
+      end
 
-            spec_group = SpecGroup.create_for(specs_by_platform, @platforms, platform)
-            groups << spec_group
+      raise SolveFailure.new(explanation)
+    end
 
-            groups
+    def find_names_to_relax(incompatibility)
+      names_to_unlock = []
+      names_to_allow_prereleases_for = []
+      extended_explanation = nil
+
+      while incompatibility.conflict?
+        cause = incompatibility.cause
+        incompatibility = cause.incompatibility
+
+        incompatibility.terms.each do |term|
+          package = term.package
+          name = package.name
+
+          if base_requirements[name]
+            names_to_unlock << name
+          elsif package.ignores_prereleases? && @all_specs[name].any? {|s| s.version.prerelease? }
+            names_to_allow_prereleases_for << name
           end
-        else
-          []
-        end
-        # GVP handles major itself, but it's still a bit risky to trust it with it
-        # until we get it settled with new behavior. For 2.x it can take over all cases.
-        if !@use_gvp
-          spec_groups
-        else
-          @gem_version_promoter.sort_versions(dependency, spec_groups)
+
+          no_versions_incompat = [cause.incompatibility, cause.satisfier].find {|incompat| incompat.cause.is_a?(PubGrub::Incompatibility::NoVersions) }
+          next unless no_versions_incompat
+
+          extended_explanation = no_versions_incompat.extended_explanation
         end
       end
-    end
 
-    def index_for(dependency)
-      source_for(dependency.name).specs
+      [names_to_unlock.uniq, names_to_allow_prereleases_for.uniq, extended_explanation]
     end
 
-    def source_for(name)
-      @source_requirements[name] || @source_requirements[:default]
-    end
+    def parse_dependency(package, dependency)
+      range = if repository_for(package).is_a?(Source::Gemspec)
+        PubGrub::VersionRange.any
+      else
+        requirement_to_range(dependency)
+      end
 
-    def results_for(dependency)
-      @results_for[dependency] ||= index_for(dependency).search(dependency)
+      PubGrub::VersionConstraint.new(package, range: range)
     end
 
-    def name_for(dependency)
-      dependency.name
-    end
+    def versions_for(package, range=VersionRange.any)
+      versions = select_sorted_versions(package, range)
 
-    def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-      Bundler.default_gemfile.basename.to_s
-    rescue StandardError
-      "Gemfile"
+      # Conditional avoids (among other things) calling
+      # sort_versions_by_preferred with the root package
+      if versions.size > 1
+        sort_versions_by_preferred(package, versions)
+      else
+        versions
+      end
     end
 
-    def name_for_locking_dependency_source
-      Bundler.default_lockfile.basename.to_s
-    rescue StandardError
-      "Gemfile.lock"
-    end
+    def no_versions_incompatibility_for(package, unsatisfied_term)
+      cause = PubGrub::Incompatibility::NoVersions.new(unsatisfied_term)
+      name = package.name
+      constraint = unsatisfied_term.constraint
+      constraint_string = constraint.constraint_string
+      requirements = constraint_string.split(" OR ").map {|req| Gem::Requirement.new(req.split(",")) }
 
-    def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-      requirement.matches_spec?(spec) || spec.source.is_a?(Source::Gemspec)
-    end
+      if name == "bundler" && bundler_pinned_to_current_version?
+        custom_explanation = "the current Bundler version (#{Bundler::VERSION}) does not satisfy #{constraint}"
+        extended_explanation = bundler_not_found_message(requirements)
+      else
+        specs_matching_other_platforms = filter_matching_specs(@all_specs[name], requirements)
 
-    def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-      dependencies.map(&:dep) == other_dependencies.map(&:dep)
-    end
+        platforms_explanation = specs_matching_other_platforms.any? ? " for any resolution platforms (#{package.platforms.join(", ")})" : ""
+        custom_explanation = "#{constraint} could not be found in #{repository_for(package)}#{platforms_explanation}"
 
-    def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-      dependencies.sort_by do |dependency|
-        name = name_for(dependency)
-        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        [
-          @base_dg.vertex_named(name) ? 0 : 1,
-          vertex.payload ? 0 : 1,
-          vertex.root? ? 0 : 1,
-          amount_constrained(dependency),
-          conflicts[name] ? 0 : 1,
-          vertex.payload ? 0 : search_for(dependency).count,
-          self.class.platform_sort_key(dependency.__platform),
-        ]
+        label = "#{name} (#{constraint_string})"
+        extended_explanation = other_specs_matching_message(specs_matching_other_platforms, label) if specs_matching_other_platforms.any?
       end
+
+      Incompatibility.new([unsatisfied_term], cause: cause, custom_explanation: custom_explanation, extended_explanation: extended_explanation)
     end
 
-    def self.platform_sort_key(platform)
-      # Prefer specific platform to not specific platform
-      return ["99-LAST", "", "", ""] if Gem::Platform::RUBY == platform
-      ["00", *platform.to_a.map {|part| part || "" }]
+    def debug?
+      ENV["BUNDLER_DEBUG_RESOLVER"] ||
+        ENV["BUNDLER_DEBUG_RESOLVER_TREE"] ||
+        ENV["DEBUG_RESOLVER"] ||
+        ENV["DEBUG_RESOLVER_TREE"] ||
+        false
     end
 
-    private
+    def incompatibilities_for(package, version)
+      package_deps = @cached_dependencies[package]
+      sorted_versions = @sorted_versions[package]
+      package_deps[version].map do |dep_package, dep_constraint|
+        low = high = sorted_versions.index(version)
 
-    def remove_from_candidates(spec)
-      @base.delete(spec)
-      @gem_version_promoter.reset
+        # find version low such that all >= low share the same dep
+        while low > 0 && package_deps[sorted_versions[low - 1]][dep_package] == dep_constraint
+          low -= 1
+        end
+        low =
+          if low == 0
+            nil
+          else
+            sorted_versions[low]
+          end
 
-      @results_for.keys.each do |dep|
-        next unless dep.name == spec.name
+        # find version high such that all < high share the same dep
+        while high < sorted_versions.length && package_deps[sorted_versions[high]][dep_package] == dep_constraint
+          high += 1
+        end
+        high =
+          if high == sorted_versions.length
+            nil
+          else
+            sorted_versions[high]
+          end
 
-        @results_for[dep].reject {|s| s.name == spec.name && s.version == spec.version }
-      end
+        range = PubGrub::VersionRange.new(min: low, max: high, include_min: true)
 
-      @search_for = {}
-    end
+        self_constraint = PubGrub::VersionConstraint.new(package, range: range)
 
-    # returns an integer \in (-\infty, 0]
-    # a number closer to 0 means the dependency is less constraining
-    #
-    # dependencies w/ 0 or 1 possibilities (ignoring version requirements)
-    # are given very negative values, so they _always_ sort first,
-    # before dependencies that are unconstrained
-    def amount_constrained(dependency)
-      @amount_constrained ||= {}
-      @amount_constrained[dependency.name] ||= if (base = @base[dependency.name]) && !base.empty?
-        dependency.requirement.satisfied_by?(base.first.version) ? 0 : 1
-      else
-        all = index_for(dependency).search(dependency.name).size
+        dep_term = PubGrub::Term.new(dep_constraint, false)
+        self_term = PubGrub::Term.new(self_constraint, true)
 
-        if all <= 1
-          all - 1_000_000
-        else
-          search = search_for(dependency)
-          search = @prerelease_specified[dependency.name] ? search.count : search.count {|s| !s.version.prerelease? }
-          search - all
+        custom_explanation = if dep_package.meta? && package.root?
+          "current #{dep_package} version is #{dep_constraint.constraint_string}"
         end
+
+        PubGrub::Incompatibility.new([self_term, dep_term], cause: :dependency, custom_explanation: custom_explanation)
       end
     end
 
-    def verify_gemfile_dependencies_are_found!(requirements)
-      requirements.map! do |requirement|
-        name = requirement.name
-        next requirement if name == "bundler"
-        next requirement unless search_for(requirement).empty?
-        next unless requirement.current_platform?
-
-        if (base = @base[name]) && !base.empty?
-          version = base.first.version
-          message = "You have requested:\n" \
-            "  #{name} #{requirement.requirement}\n\n" \
-            "The bundle currently has #{name} locked at #{version}.\n" \
-            "Try running `bundle update #{name}`\n\n" \
-            "If you are updating multiple gems in your Gemfile at once,\n" \
-            "try passing them all to `bundle update`"
+    def all_versions_for(package)
+      name = package.name
+      results = (@base[name] + filter_prereleases(@all_specs[name], package)).uniq {|spec| [spec.version.hash, spec.platform] }
+
+      if name == "bundler" && !bundler_pinned_to_current_version?
+        bundler_spec = Gem.loaded_specs["bundler"]
+        results << bundler_spec if bundler_spec
+      end
+
+      locked_requirement = base_requirements[name]
+      results = filter_matching_specs(results, locked_requirement) if locked_requirement
+
+      results.group_by(&:version).reduce([]) do |groups, (version, specs)|
+        platform_specs = package.platforms.map {|platform| select_best_platform_match(specs, platform) }
+
+        # If package is a top-level dependency,
+        #   candidate is only valid if there are matching versions for all resolution platforms.
+        #
+        # If package is not a top-level deependency,
+        #   then it's not necessary that it has matching versions for all platforms, since it may have been introduced only as
+        #   a dependency for a platform specific variant, so it will only need to have a valid version for that platform.
+        #
+        if package.top_level?
+          next groups if platform_specs.any?(&:empty?)
         else
-          message = gem_not_found_message(name, requirement, source_for(name))
+          next groups if platform_specs.all?(&:empty?)
         end
-        raise GemNotFound, message
-      end.compact!
+
+        platform_specs.flatten!
+
+        ruby_specs = select_best_platform_match(specs, Gem::Platform::RUBY)
+        groups << Resolver::Candidate.new(version, specs: ruby_specs) if ruby_specs.any?
+
+        next groups if platform_specs == ruby_specs || package.force_ruby_platform?
+
+        groups << Resolver::Candidate.new(version, specs: platform_specs)
+
+        groups
+      end
+    end
+
+    def source_for(name)
+      @source_requirements[name] || @source_requirements[:default]
+    end
+
+    def default_bundler_source
+      @source_requirements[:default_bundler]
+    end
+
+    def bundler_pinned_to_current_version?
+      !default_bundler_source.nil?
+    end
+
+    def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
+      Bundler.default_gemfile.basename.to_s
+    rescue StandardError
+      "Gemfile"
     end
 
-    def gem_not_found_message(name, requirement, source, extra_message = "")
-      specs = source.specs.search(name)
+    def raise_not_found!(package)
+      name = package.name
+      source = source_for(name)
+      specs = @all_specs[name]
       matching_part = name
-      requirement_label = SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(requirement)
+      requirement_label = SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(package.dependency)
       cache_message = begin
                           " or in gems cached in #{Bundler.settings.app_cache_path}" if Bundler.app_cache.exist?
                         rescue GemfileNotFound
                           nil
                         end
-      specs_matching_requirement = specs.select {| spec| requirement.matches_spec?(spec) }
+      specs_matching_requirement = filter_matching_specs(specs, package.dependency.requirement)
 
-      if specs_matching_requirement.any?
+      not_found_message = if specs_matching_requirement.any?
         specs = specs_matching_requirement
         matching_part = requirement_label
-        requirement_label = "#{requirement_label}' with platform '#{requirement.__platform}"
+        platforms = package.platforms
+
+        if platforms.size == 1
+          "Could not find gem '#{requirement_label}' with platform '#{platforms.first}'"
+        else
+          "Could not find gems matching '#{requirement_label}' valid for all resolution platforms (#{platforms.join(", ")})"
+        end
+      else
+        "Could not find gem '#{requirement_label}'"
       end
 
-      message = String.new("Could not find gem '#{requirement_label}'#{extra_message} in #{source}#{cache_message}.\n")
+      message = String.new("#{not_found_message} in #{source}#{cache_message}.\n")
 
       if specs.any?
-        message << "\nThe source contains the following gems matching '#{matching_part}':\n"
-        message << specs.map {|s| "  * #{s.full_name}" }.join("\n")
+        message << "\n#{other_specs_matching_message(specs, matching_part)}"
       end
 
-      message
+      raise GemNotFound, message
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def filtered_versions_for(package)
+      @gem_version_promoter.filter_versions(package, @all_versions[package])
     end
 
-    def version_conflict_message(e)
-      # only show essential conflicts, if possible
-      conflicts = e.conflicts.dup
+    def raise_all_versions_filtered_out!(package)
+      level = @gem_version_promoter.level
+      name = package.name
+      locked_version = package.locked_version
+      requirement = package.dependency
 
-      if conflicts["bundler"]
-        conflicts.replace("bundler" => conflicts["bundler"])
-      else
-        conflicts.delete_if do |_name, conflict|
-          deps = conflict.requirement_trees.map(&:last).flatten(1)
-          !Bundler::VersionRanges.empty?(*Bundler::VersionRanges.for_many(deps.map(&:requirement)))
-        end
+      raise GemNotFound,
+        "#{name} is locked to #{locked_version}, while Gemfile is requesting #{requirement}. " \
+        "--strict --#{level} was specified, but there are no #{level} level upgrades from #{locked_version} satisfying #{requirement}, so version solving has failed"
+    end
+
+    def filter_matching_specs(specs, requirements)
+      Array(requirements).flat_map do |requirement|
+        specs.select {| spec| requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, spec) }
       end
+    end
 
-      e = Molinillo::VersionConflict.new(conflicts, e.specification_provider) unless conflicts.empty?
+    def filter_prereleases(specs, package)
+      return specs unless package.ignores_prereleases? && specs.size > 1
 
-      e.message_with_trees(
-        :full_message_for_conflict => lambda do |name, conflict|
-          o = if name.end_with?("\0")
-            String.new("Bundler found conflicting requirements for the #{name} version:")
-          else
-            String.new("Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem \"#{name}\":")
-          end
-          o << %(\n)
-          if conflict.locked_requirement
-            o << %(  In snapshot (#{name_for_locking_dependency_source}):\n)
-            o << %(    #{SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(conflict.locked_requirement)}\n)
-            o << %(\n)
-          end
-          o << %(  In #{name_for_explicit_dependency_source}:\n)
-          trees = conflict.requirement_trees
+      specs.reject {|s| s.version.prerelease? }
+    end
+
+    # Ignore versions that depend on themselves incorrectly
+    def filter_invalid_self_dependencies(specs, name)
+      specs.reject do |s|
+        s.dependencies.any? {|d| d.name == name && !d.requirement.satisfied_by?(s.version) }
+      end
+    end
 
-          # called first, because we want to reduce the amount of work required to find maximal empty sets
-          trees = trees.uniq {|t| t.flatten.map {|dep| [dep.name, dep.requirement] } }
+    def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, spec)
+      requirement.satisfied_by?(spec.version) || spec.source.is_a?(Source::Gemspec)
+    end
 
-          # bail out if tree size is too big for Array#combination to make any sense
-          if trees.size <= 15
-            maximal = 1.upto(trees.size).map do |size|
-              trees.map(&:last).flatten(1).combination(size).to_a
-            end.flatten(1).select do |deps|
-              Bundler::VersionRanges.empty?(*Bundler::VersionRanges.for_many(deps.map(&:requirement)))
-            end.min_by(&:size)
+    def sort_versions_by_preferred(package, versions)
+      @gem_version_promoter.sort_versions(package, versions)
+    end
 
-            trees.reject! {|t| !maximal.include?(t.last) } if maximal
+    def repository_for(package)
+      source_for(package.name)
+    end
 
-            trees.sort_by! {|t| t.reverse.map(&:name) }
-          end
+    def base_requirements
+      @base.base_requirements
+    end
 
-          o << trees.map do |tree|
-            t = "".dup
-            depth = 2
-
-            base_tree = tree.first
-            base_tree_name = base_tree.name
-
-            if base_tree_name.end_with?("\0")
-              t = nil
-            else
-              tree.each do |req|
-                t << "  " * depth << SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(req)
-                unless tree.last == req
-                  if spec = conflict.activated_by_name[req.name]
-                    t << %( was resolved to #{spec.version}, which)
-                  end
-                  t << %( depends on)
-                end
-                t << %(\n)
-                depth += 1
-              end
-            end
-            t
-          end.compact.join("\n")
-
-          if name == "bundler"
-            o << %(\n  Current Bundler version:\n    bundler (#{Bundler::VERSION}))
-
-            conflict_dependency = conflict.requirement
-            conflict_requirement = conflict_dependency.requirement
-            other_bundler_required = !conflict_requirement.satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(Bundler::VERSION))
-
-            if other_bundler_required
-              o << "\n\n"
-
-              candidate_specs = source_for(:default_bundler).specs.search(conflict_dependency)
-              if candidate_specs.any?
-                target_version = candidate_specs.last.version
-                new_command = [File.basename($PROGRAM_NAME), "_#{target_version}_", *ARGV].join(" ")
-                o << "Your bundle requires a different version of Bundler than the one you're running.\n"
-                o << "Install the necessary version with `gem install bundler:#{target_version}` and rerun bundler using `#{new_command}`\n"
-              else
-                o << "Your bundle requires a different version of Bundler than the one you're running, and that version could not be found.\n"
-              end
-            end
-          elsif name.end_with?("\0")
-            o << %(\n  Current #{name} version:\n    #{SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(@metadata_requirements.find {|req| req.name == name })}\n\n)
-          elsif conflict.locked_requirement
-            o << "\n"
-            o << %(Deleting your #{name_for_locking_dependency_source} file and running `bundle install` will rebuild your snapshot from scratch, using only\n)
-            o << %(the gems in your Gemfile, which may resolve the conflict.\n)
-          elsif !conflict.existing
-            o << "\n"
-
-            relevant_source = conflict.requirement.source || source_for(name)
-
-            extra_message = if conflict.requirement_trees.first.size > 1
-              ", which is required by gem '#{SharedHelpers.pretty_dependency(conflict.requirement_trees.first[-2])}',"
-            else
-              ""
-            end
-
-            o << gem_not_found_message(name, conflict.requirement, relevant_source, extra_message)
-          end
+    def prepare_dependencies(requirements, packages)
+      to_dependency_hash(requirements, packages).map do |dep_package, dep_constraint|
+        name = dep_package.name
+
+        next [dep_package, dep_constraint] if name == "bundler"
+
+        dep_range = dep_constraint.range
+        versions = select_sorted_versions(dep_package, dep_range)
+        if versions.empty? && dep_package.ignores_prereleases?
+          @all_versions.delete(dep_package)
+          @sorted_versions.delete(dep_package)
+          dep_package.consider_prereleases!
+          versions = select_sorted_versions(dep_package, dep_range)
+        end
 
-          o
+        if versions.empty? && select_all_versions(dep_package, dep_range).any?
+          raise_all_versions_filtered_out!(dep_package)
         end
-      )
+
+        next [dep_package, dep_constraint] unless versions.empty?
+
+        next unless dep_package.current_platform?
+
+        raise_not_found!(dep_package)
+      end.compact.to_h
+    end
+
+    def select_sorted_versions(package, range)
+      range.select_versions(@sorted_versions[package])
+    end
+
+    def select_all_versions(package, range)
+      range.select_versions(@all_versions[package])
+    end
+
+    def other_specs_matching_message(specs, requirement)
+      message = String.new("The source contains the following gems matching '#{requirement}':\n")
+      message << specs.map {|s| "  * #{s.full_name}" }.join("\n")
+      message
+    end
+
+    def requirement_to_range(requirement)
+      ranges = requirement.requirements.map do |(op, version)|
+        ver = Resolver::Candidate.new(version).generic!
+        platform_ver = Resolver::Candidate.new(version).platform_specific!
+
+        case op
+        when "~>"
+          name = "~> #{ver}"
+          bump = Resolver::Candidate.new(version.bump.to_s + ".A")
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(name: name, min: ver, max: bump, include_min: true)
+        when ">"
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(min: platform_ver)
+        when ">="
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(min: ver, include_min: true)
+        when "<"
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(max: ver)
+        when "<="
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(max: platform_ver, include_max: true)
+        when "="
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(min: ver, max: platform_ver, include_min: true, include_max: true)
+        when "!="
+          PubGrub::VersionRange.new(min: ver, max: platform_ver, include_min: true, include_max: true).invert
+        else
+          raise "bad version specifier: #{op}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      ranges.inject(&:intersect)
+    end
+
+    def to_dependency_hash(dependencies, packages)
+      dependencies.inject({}) do |deps, dep|
+        package = packages[dep.name]
+
+        current_req = deps[package]
+        new_req = parse_dependency(package, dep.requirement)
+
+        deps[package] = if current_req
+          current_req.intersect(new_req)
+        else
+          new_req
+        end
+
+        deps
+      end
+    end
+
+    def bundler_not_found_message(conflict_dependencies)
+      candidate_specs = filter_matching_specs(default_bundler_source.specs.search("bundler"), conflict_dependencies)
+
+      if candidate_specs.any?
+        target_version = candidate_specs.last.version
+        new_command = [File.basename($PROGRAM_NAME), "_#{target_version}_", *ARGV].join(" ")
+        "Your bundle requires a different version of Bundler than the one you're running.\n" \
+        "Install the necessary version with `gem install bundler:#{target_version}` and rerun bundler using `#{new_command}`\n"
+      else
+        "Your bundle requires a different version of Bundler than the one you're running, and that version could not be found.\n"
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver/base.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver/base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad19eeb3f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver/base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "package"
+
+module Bundler
+  class Resolver
+    class Base
+      attr_reader :packages, :requirements, :source_requirements
+
+      def initialize(source_requirements, dependencies, base, platforms, options)
+        @source_requirements = source_requirements
+
+        @base = base
+
+        @packages = Hash.new do |hash, name|
+          hash[name] = Package.new(name, platforms, **options)
+        end
+
+        @requirements = dependencies.map do |dep|
+          dep_platforms = dep.gem_platforms(platforms)
+
+          # Dependencies scoped to external platforms are ignored
+          next if dep_platforms.empty?
+
+          name = dep.name
+
+          @packages[name] = Package.new(name, dep_platforms, **options.merge(dependency: dep))
+
+          dep
+        end.compact
+      end
+
+      def [](name)
+        @base[name]
+      end
+
+      def delete(specs)
+        @base.delete(specs)
+      end
+
+      def get_package(name)
+        @packages[name]
+      end
+
+      def base_requirements
+        @base_requirements ||= build_base_requirements
+      end
+
+      def unlock_names(names)
+        indirect_pins = indirect_pins(names)
+
+        if indirect_pins.any?
+          loosen_names(indirect_pins)
+        else
+          pins = pins(names)
+
+          if pins.any?
+            loosen_names(pins)
+          else
+            unrestrict_names(names)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def include_prereleases(names)
+        names.each do |name|
+          get_package(name).consider_prereleases!
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def indirect_pins(names)
+        names.select {|name| @base_requirements[name].exact? && @requirements.none? {|dep| dep.name == name } }
+      end
+
+      def pins(names)
+        names.select {|name| @base_requirements[name].exact? }
+      end
+
+      def loosen_names(names)
+        names.each do |name|
+          version = @base_requirements[name].requirements.first[1]
+
+          @base_requirements[name] = Gem::Requirement.new(">= #{version}")
+
+          @base.delete_by_name(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def unrestrict_names(names)
+        names.each do |name|
+          @base_requirements.delete(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def build_base_requirements
+        base_requirements = {}
+        @base.each do |ls|
+          req = Gem::Requirement.new(ls.version)
+          base_requirements[ls.name] = req
+        end
+        base_requirements
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver/candidate.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver/candidate.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e8b913335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver/candidate.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "spec_group"
+
+module Bundler
+  class Resolver
+    #
+    # This class is a PubGrub compatible "Version" class that takes Bundler
+    # resolution complexities into account.
+    #
+    # Each Resolver::Candidate has a underlying `Gem::Version` plus a set of
+    # platforms. For example, 1.1.0-x86_64-linux is a different resolution candidate
+    # from 1.1.0 (generic). This is because different platform variants of the
+    # same gem version can bring different dependencies, so they need to be
+    # considered separately.
+    #
+    # Some candidates may also keep some information explicitly about the
+    # package they refer to. These candidates are referred to as "canonical" and
+    # are used when materializing resolution results back into RubyGems
+    # specifications that can be installed, written to lock files, and so on.
+    #
+    class Candidate
+      include Comparable
+
+      attr_reader :version
+
+      def initialize(version, specs: [])
+        @spec_group = Resolver::SpecGroup.new(specs)
+        @version = Gem::Version.new(version)
+        @ruby_only = specs.map(&:platform).uniq == [Gem::Platform::RUBY]
+      end
+
+      def dependencies
+        @spec_group.dependencies
+      end
+
+      def to_specs(package)
+        return [] if package.meta?
+
+        @spec_group.to_specs(package.force_ruby_platform?)
+      end
+
+      def generic!
+        @ruby_only = true
+
+        self
+      end
+
+      def platform_specific!
+        @ruby_only = false
+
+        self
+      end
+
+      def prerelease?
+        @version.prerelease?
+      end
+
+      def segments
+        @version.segments
+      end
+
+      def sort_obj
+        [@version, @ruby_only ? -1 : 1]
+      end
+
+      def <=>(other)
+        return unless other.is_a?(self.class)
+
+        sort_obj <=> other.sort_obj
+      end
+
+      def ==(other)
+        return unless other.is_a?(self.class)
+
+        sort_obj == other.sort_obj
+      end
+
+      def eql?(other)
+        return unless other.is_a?(self.class)
+
+        sort_obj.eql?(other.sort_obj)
+      end
+
+      def hash
+        sort_obj.hash
+      end
+
+      def to_s
+        @version.to_s
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver/incompatibility.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver/incompatibility.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ac1b2e1ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver/incompatibility.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  class Resolver
+    class Incompatibility < PubGrub::Incompatibility
+      attr_reader :extended_explanation
+
+      def initialize(terms, cause:, custom_explanation: nil, extended_explanation: nil)
+        @extended_explanation = extended_explanation
+
+        super(terms, cause: cause, custom_explanation: custom_explanation)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver/package.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver/package.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0461328683
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver/package.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  class Resolver
+    #
+    # Represents a gem being resolved, in a format PubGrub likes.
+    #
+    # The class holds the following information:
+    #
+    # * Platforms this gem will be resolved on.
+    # * The locked version of this gem resolution should favor (if any).
+    # * Whether the gem should be unlocked to its latest version.
+    # * The dependency explicit set in the Gemfile for this gem (if any).
+    #
+    class Package
+      attr_reader :name, :platforms, :dependency, :locked_version
+
+      def initialize(name, platforms, locked_specs:, unlock:, prerelease: false, dependency: nil)
+        @name = name
+        @platforms = platforms
+        @locked_version = locked_specs[name].first&.version
+        @unlock = unlock
+        @dependency = dependency || Dependency.new(name, @locked_version)
+        @top_level = !dependency.nil?
+        @prerelease = @dependency.prerelease? || @locked_version&.prerelease? || prerelease ? :consider_first : :ignore
+      end
+
+      def to_s
+        @name.delete("\0")
+      end
+
+      def root?
+        false
+      end
+
+      def top_level?
+        @top_level
+      end
+
+      def meta?
+        @name.end_with?("\0")
+      end
+
+      def ==(other)
+        self.class == other.class && @name == other.name
+      end
+
+      def hash
+        @name.hash
+      end
+
+      def unlock?
+        @unlock.empty? || @unlock.include?(name)
+      end
+
+      def ignores_prereleases?
+        @prerelease == :ignore
+      end
+
+      def prerelease_specified?
+        @prerelease == :consider_first
+      end
+
+      def consider_prereleases!
+        @prerelease = :consider_last
+      end
+
+      def force_ruby_platform?
+        @dependency.force_ruby_platform
+      end
+
+      def current_platform?
+        @dependency.current_platform?
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver/root.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver/root.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5eb634fb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver/root.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "package"
+
+module Bundler
+  class Resolver
+    #
+    # Represents the Gemfile from the resolver's perspective. It's the root
+    # package and Gemfile entries depend on it.
+    #
+    class Root < Package
+      def initialize(name)
+        @name = name
+      end
+
+      def meta?
+        true
+      end
+
+      def root?
+        true
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/resolver/spec_group.rb b/lib/bundler/resolver/spec_group.rb
index 4e5b0082d3..5cee444e5e 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/resolver/spec_group.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/resolver/spec_group.rb
@@ -3,111 +3,76 @@
 module Bundler
   class Resolver
     class SpecGroup
-      attr_accessor :name, :version, :source
-      attr_accessor :activated_platforms, :force_ruby_platform
-
-      def self.create_for(specs, all_platforms, specific_platform)
-        specific_platform_specs = specs[specific_platform]
-        return unless specific_platform_specs.any?
-
-        platforms = all_platforms.select {|p| specs[p].any? }
-
-        new(specific_platform_specs.first, specs, platforms)
+      def initialize(specs)
+        @specs = specs
       end
 
-      def initialize(exemplary_spec, specs, relevant_platforms)
-        @exemplary_spec = exemplary_spec
-        @name = exemplary_spec.name
-        @version = exemplary_spec.version
-        @source = exemplary_spec.source
-
-        @activated_platforms = relevant_platforms
-        @dependencies = Hash.new do |dependencies, platforms|
-          dependencies[platforms] = dependencies_for(platforms)
-        end
-        @specs = specs
+      def empty?
+        @specs.empty?
       end
 
-      def to_specs
-        activated_platforms.map do |p|
-          specs = @specs[p]
-          next unless specs.any?
-
-          specs.map do |s|
-            lazy_spec = LazySpecification.new(name, version, s.platform, source)
-            lazy_spec.force_ruby_platform = force_ruby_platform
-            lazy_spec.dependencies.replace s.dependencies
-            lazy_spec
-          end
-        end.flatten.compact.uniq
+      def name
+        @name ||= exemplary_spec.name
       end
 
-      def to_s
-        activated_platforms_string = sorted_activated_platforms.join(", ")
-        "#{name} (#{version}) (#{activated_platforms_string})"
+      def version
+        @version ||= exemplary_spec.version
       end
 
-      def dependencies_for_activated_platforms
-        @dependencies[activated_platforms]
+      def source
+        @source ||= exemplary_spec.source
       end
 
-      def ==(other)
-        return unless other.is_a?(SpecGroup)
-        name == other.name &&
-          version == other.version &&
-          sorted_activated_platforms == other.sorted_activated_platforms &&
-          source == other.source
+      def to_specs(force_ruby_platform)
+        @specs.map do |s|
+          lazy_spec = LazySpecification.from_spec(s)
+          lazy_spec.force_ruby_platform = force_ruby_platform
+          lazy_spec
+        end
       end
 
-      def eql?(other)
-        return unless other.is_a?(SpecGroup)
-        name.eql?(other.name) &&
-          version.eql?(other.version) &&
-          sorted_activated_platforms.eql?(other.sorted_activated_platforms) &&
-          source.eql?(other.source)
+      def to_s
+        sorted_spec_names.join(", ")
       end
 
-      def hash
-        name.hash ^ version.hash ^ sorted_activated_platforms.hash ^ source.hash
+      def dependencies
+        @dependencies ||= @specs.map do |spec|
+          __dependencies(spec) + metadata_dependencies(spec)
+        end.flatten.uniq
       end
 
       protected
 
-      def sorted_activated_platforms
-        activated_platforms.sort_by(&:to_s)
+      def sorted_spec_names
+        @sorted_spec_names ||= @specs.map(&:full_name).sort
       end
 
       private
 
-      def dependencies_for(platforms)
-        platforms.map do |platform|
-          __dependencies(platform) + metadata_dependencies(platform)
-        end.flatten
+      def exemplary_spec
+        @specs.first
       end
 
-      def __dependencies(platform)
+      def __dependencies(spec)
         dependencies = []
-        @specs[platform].first.dependencies.each do |dep|
+        spec.dependencies.each do |dep|
           next if dep.type == :development
-          dependencies << DepProxy.get_proxy(Dependency.new(dep.name, dep.requirement), platform)
+          dependencies << Dependency.new(dep.name, dep.requirement)
         end
         dependencies
       end
 
-      def metadata_dependencies(platform)
-        spec = @specs[platform].first
-        return [] if spec.is_a?(LazySpecification)
-
+      def metadata_dependencies(spec)
         [
-          metadata_dependency("Ruby", spec.required_ruby_version, platform),
-          metadata_dependency("RubyGems", spec.required_rubygems_version, platform),
+          metadata_dependency("Ruby", spec.required_ruby_version),
+          metadata_dependency("RubyGems", spec.required_rubygems_version),
         ].compact
       end
 
-      def metadata_dependency(name, requirement, platform)
+      def metadata_dependency(name, requirement)
         return if requirement.nil? || requirement.none?
 
-        DepProxy.get_proxy(Dependency.new("#{name}\0", requirement), platform)
+        Dependency.new("#{name}\0", requirement)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/retry.rb b/lib/bundler/retry.rb
index 2415ade200..b95c42c361 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/retry.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/retry.rb
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ module Bundler
     def keep_trying?
       return true  if current_run.zero?
       return false if last_attempt?
-      return true  if @failed
+      true if @failed
     end
 
     def last_attempt?
diff --git a/lib/bundler/ruby_dsl.rb b/lib/bundler/ruby_dsl.rb
index 3b3a0583a5..fb4b79c4df 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/ruby_dsl.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/ruby_dsl.rb
@@ -3,16 +3,51 @@
 module Bundler
   module RubyDsl
     def ruby(*ruby_version)
-      options = ruby_version.last.is_a?(Hash) ? ruby_version.pop : {}
+      options = ruby_version.pop if ruby_version.last.is_a?(Hash)
       ruby_version.flatten!
-      raise GemfileError, "Please define :engine_version" if options[:engine] && options[:engine_version].nil?
-      raise GemfileError, "Please define :engine" if options[:engine_version] && options[:engine].nil?
 
-      if options[:engine] == "ruby" && options[:engine_version] &&
-         ruby_version != Array(options[:engine_version])
-        raise GemfileEvalError, "ruby_version must match the :engine_version for MRI"
+      if options
+        patchlevel = options[:patchlevel]
+        engine = options[:engine]
+        engine_version = options[:engine_version]
+
+        raise GemfileError, "Please define :engine_version" if engine && engine_version.nil?
+        raise GemfileError, "Please define :engine" if engine_version && engine.nil?
+
+        if options[:file]
+          raise GemfileError, "Do not pass version argument when using :file option" unless ruby_version.empty?
+          ruby_version << normalize_ruby_file(options[:file])
+        end
+
+        if engine == "ruby" && engine_version && ruby_version != Array(engine_version)
+          raise GemfileEvalError, "ruby_version must match the :engine_version for MRI"
+        end
+      end
+
+      @ruby_version = RubyVersion.new(ruby_version, patchlevel, engine, engine_version)
+    end
+
+    # Support the various file formats found in .ruby-version files.
+    #
+    #     3.2.2
+    #     ruby-3.2.2
+    #
+    # Also supports .tool-versions files for asdf. Lines not starting with "ruby" are ignored.
+    #
+    #     ruby 2.5.1 # comment is ignored
+    #     ruby   2.5.1# close comment and extra spaces doesn't confuse
+    #
+    # Intentionally does not support `3.2.1@gemset` since rvm recommends using .ruby-gemset instead
+    #
+    # Loads the file relative to the dirname of the Gemfile itself.
+    def normalize_ruby_file(filename)
+      file_content = Bundler.read_file(gemfile.dirname.join(filename))
+      # match "ruby-3.2.2" or "ruby   3.2.2" capturing version string up to the first space or comment
+      if /^ruby(-|\s+)([^\s#]+)/.match(file_content)
+        $2
+      else
+        file_content.strip
       end
-      @ruby_version = RubyVersion.new(ruby_version, options[:patchlevel], options[:engine], options[:engine_version])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/ruby_version.rb b/lib/bundler/ruby_version.rb
index 9161c6afde..7e9e072b83 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/ruby_version.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/ruby_version.rb
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ module Bundler
       #   specified must match the version.
 
       @versions = Array(versions).map do |v|
-        op, v = Gem::Requirement.parse(v)
+        op, v = Gem::Requirement.parse(normalize_version(v))
         op == "=" ? v.to_s : "#{op} #{v}"
       end
 
       @gem_version        = Gem::Requirement.create(@versions.first).requirements.first.last
-      @input_engine       = engine && engine.to_s
-      @engine             = engine && engine.to_s || "ruby"
+      @input_engine       = engine&.to_s
+      @engine             = engine&.to_s || "ruby"
       @engine_versions    = (engine_version && Array(engine_version)) || @versions
       @engine_gem_version = Gem::Requirement.create(@engine_versions.first).requirements.first.last
       @patchlevel         = patchlevel || (@gem_version.prerelease? ? "-1" : nil)
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module Bundler
       (\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:\.\S+)?) # ruby version
       (?:p(-?\d+))? # optional patchlevel
       (?:\s\((\S+)\s(.+)\))? # optional engine info
-    /xo.freeze
+    /xo
 
     # Returns a RubyVersion from the given string.
     # @param [String] the version string to match.
@@ -107,11 +107,18 @@ module Bundler
       ruby_engine_version = RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" ? ruby_version : RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION.dup
       patchlevel = RUBY_PATCHLEVEL.to_s
 
-      @ruby_version ||= RubyVersion.new(ruby_version, patchlevel, ruby_engine, ruby_engine_version)
+      @system ||= RubyVersion.new(ruby_version, patchlevel, ruby_engine, ruby_engine_version)
     end
 
     private
 
+    # Ruby's official preview version format uses a `-`: Example: 3.3.0-preview2
+    # However, RubyGems recognizes preview version format with a `.`: Example: 3.3.0.preview2
+    # Returns version string after replacing `-` with `.`
+    def normalize_version(version)
+      version.tr("-", ".")
+    end
+
     def matches?(requirements, version)
       # Handles RUBY_PATCHLEVEL of -1 for instances like ruby-head
       return requirements == version if requirements.to_s == "-1" || version.to_s == "-1"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb b/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb
index 056053a783..e0582beba2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 require "pathname"
 
+require "rubygems" unless defined?(Gem)
+
 require "rubygems/specification"
 
 # We can't let `Gem::Source` be autoloaded in the `Gem::Specification#source`
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ require "rubygems/specification"
 require "rubygems/source"
 
 require_relative "match_metadata"
+require_relative "force_platform"
 require_relative "match_platform"
 
 # Cherry-pick fixes to `Gem.ruby_version` to be useful for modern Bundler
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ module Gem
 
     def full_gem_path
       if source.respond_to?(:root)
-        Pathname.new(loaded_from).dirname.expand_path(source.root).to_s.tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }
+        Pathname.new(loaded_from).dirname.expand_path(source.root).to_s
       else
         rg_full_gem_path
       end
@@ -65,7 +68,9 @@ module Gem
 
     alias_method :rg_extension_dir, :extension_dir
     def extension_dir
-      @bundler_extension_dir ||= if source.respond_to?(:extension_dir_name)
+      # following instance variable is already used in original method
+      # and that is the reason to prefix it with bundler_ and add rubocop exception
+      @bundler_extension_dir ||= if source.respond_to?(:extension_dir_name) # rubocop:disable Naming/MemoizedInstanceVariableName
         unique_extension_dir = [source.extension_dir_name, File.basename(full_gem_path)].uniq.join("-")
         File.expand_path(File.join(extensions_dir, unique_extension_dir))
       else
@@ -73,7 +78,7 @@ module Gem
       end
     end
 
-    remove_method :gem_dir if instance_methods(false).include?(:gem_dir)
+    remove_method :gem_dir
     def gem_dir
       full_gem_path
     end
@@ -114,17 +119,6 @@ module Gem
       gemfile
     end
 
-    # Backfill missing YAML require when not defined. Fixed since 3.1.0.pre1.
-    module YamlBackfiller
-      def to_yaml(opts = {})
-        Gem.load_yaml unless defined?(::YAML)
-
-        super(opts)
-      end
-    end
-
-    prepend YamlBackfiller
-
     def nondevelopment_dependencies
       dependencies - development_dependencies
     end
@@ -153,12 +147,16 @@ module Gem
   end
 
   class Dependency
+    include ::Bundler::ForcePlatform
+
     attr_accessor :source, :groups
 
     alias_method :eql?, :==
 
     def force_ruby_platform
-      false
+      return @force_ruby_platform if defined?(@force_ruby_platform) && !@force_ruby_platform.nil?
+
+      @force_ruby_platform = default_force_ruby_platform
     end
 
     def encode_with(coder)
@@ -181,37 +179,7 @@ module Gem
     end
   end
 
-  # comparison is done order independently since rubygems 3.2.0.rc.2
-  unless Gem::Requirement.new("> 1", "< 2") == Gem::Requirement.new("< 2", "> 1")
-    class Requirement
-      module OrderIndependentComparison
-        def ==(other)
-          return unless Gem::Requirement === other
-
-          if _requirements_sorted? && other._requirements_sorted?
-            super
-          else
-            _with_sorted_requirements == other._with_sorted_requirements
-          end
-        end
-
-        protected
-
-        def _requirements_sorted?
-          return @_are_requirements_sorted if defined?(@_are_requirements_sorted)
-          strings = as_list
-          @_are_requirements_sorted = strings == strings.sort
-        end
-
-        def _with_sorted_requirements
-          @_with_sorted_requirements ||= _requirements_sorted? ? self : self.class.new(as_list.sort)
-        end
-      end
-
-      prepend OrderIndependentComparison
-    end
-  end
-
+  # Requirements using lambda operator differentiate trailing zeros since rubygems 3.2.6
   if Gem::Requirement.new("~> 2.0").hash == Gem::Requirement.new("~> 2.0.0").hash
     class Requirement
       module CorrectHashForLambdaOperator
@@ -238,8 +206,10 @@ module Gem
     X64_MINGW = [Gem::Platform.new("x64-mingw32"),
                  Gem::Platform.new("x64-mingw-ucrt")].freeze
     WINDOWS = [MSWIN, MSWIN64, MINGW, X64_MINGW].flatten.freeze
+    X64_LINUX = Gem::Platform.new("x86_64-linux")
+    X64_LINUX_MUSL = Gem::Platform.new("x86_64-linux-musl")
 
-    if Gem::Platform.new("x86_64-linux-musl") === Gem::Platform.new("x86_64-linux")
+    if X64_LINUX === X64_LINUX_MUSL
       remove_method :===
 
       def ===(other)
@@ -259,10 +229,25 @@ module Gem
           # version
           (
             (@os != "linux" && (@version.nil? || other.version.nil?)) ||
-            (@os == "linux" && ((@version.nil? && ["gnu", "musl"].include?(other.version)) || (@version == "gnu" && other.version.nil?))) ||
+            (@os == "linux" && (normalized_linux_version_ext == other.normalized_linux_version_ext || ["musl#{@version}", "musleabi#{@version}", "musleabihf#{@version}"].include?(other.version))) ||
             @version == other.version
           )
       end
+
+      # This is a copy of RubyGems 3.3.23 or higher `normalized_linux_method`.
+      # Once only 3.3.23 is supported, we can use the method in RubyGems.
+      def normalized_linux_version_ext
+        return nil unless @version
+
+        without_gnu_nor_abi_modifiers = @version.sub(/\Agnu/, "").sub(/eabi(hf)?\Z/, "")
+        return nil if without_gnu_nor_abi_modifiers.empty?
+
+        without_gnu_nor_abi_modifiers
+      end
+    end
+
+    if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" && !defined?(REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY)
+      REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY = %w[libv8 libv8-node sorbet-static].freeze
     end
   end
 
@@ -275,31 +260,68 @@ module Gem
       def match_gem?(platform, gem_name)
         match_platforms?(platform, Gem.platforms)
       end
+    end
+
+    match_platforms_defined = Gem::Platform.respond_to?(:match_platforms?, true)
+
+    if !match_platforms_defined || Gem::Platform.send(:match_platforms?, Gem::Platform::X64_LINUX_MUSL, [Gem::Platform::X64_LINUX])
 
       private
 
+      remove_method :match_platforms? if match_platforms_defined
+
       def match_platforms?(platform, platforms)
         platforms.any? do |local_platform|
           platform.nil? ||
             local_platform == platform ||
-            (local_platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && local_platform =~ platform)
+            (local_platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && platform =~ local_platform)
         end
       end
     end
   end
 
-  require "rubygems/util"
+  # On universal Rubies, resolve the "universal" arch to the real CPU arch, without changing the extension directory.
+  class BasicSpecification
+    if /^universal\.(?<arch>.*?)-/ =~ (CROSS_COMPILING || RUBY_PLATFORM)
+      local_platform = Platform.local
+      if local_platform.cpu == "universal"
+        ORIGINAL_LOCAL_PLATFORM = local_platform.to_s.freeze
+
+        local_platform.cpu = if arch == "arm64e" # arm64e is only permitted for Apple system binaries
+          "arm64"
+        else
+          arch
+        end
 
-  Util.singleton_class.module_eval do
-    if Util.singleton_methods.include?(:glob_files_in_dir) # since 3.0.0.beta.2
-      remove_method :glob_files_in_dir
+        def extensions_dir
+          @extensions_dir ||=
+            Gem.default_ext_dir_for(base_dir) || File.join(base_dir, "extensions", ORIGINAL_LOCAL_PLATFORM, Gem.extension_api_version)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  require "rubygems/name_tuple"
+
+  class NameTuple
+    # Versions of RubyGems before about 3.5.0 don't to_s the platform.
+    unless Gem::NameTuple.new("a", Gem::Version.new("1"), Gem::Platform.new("x86_64-linux")).platform.is_a?(String)
+      alias_method :initialize_with_platform, :initialize
+
+      def initialize(name, version, platform=Gem::Platform::RUBY)
+        if Gem::Platform === platform
+          initialize_with_platform(name, version, platform.to_s)
+        else
+          initialize_with_platform(name, version, platform)
+        end
+      end
     end
 
-    def glob_files_in_dir(glob, base_path)
-      if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.5"
-        Dir.glob(glob, :base => base_path).map! {|f| File.expand_path(f, base_path) }
+    def lock_name
+      if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+        "#{name} (#{version})"
       else
-        Dir.glob(File.join(base_path.to_s.gsub(/[\[\]]/, '\\\\\\&'), glob)).map! {|f| File.expand_path(f) }
+        "#{name} (#{version}-#{platform})"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb b/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb
index 13c2d25882..d563868cd2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ module Bundler
       strict_rm_rf spec.extension_dir
 
       SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(gem_dir, :create) do
-        FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_dir, :mode => 0o755
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_dir, mode: 0o755
       end
 
       extract_files
@@ -45,6 +45,14 @@ module Bundler
       spec
     end
 
+    def pre_install_checks
+      super
+    rescue Gem::FilePermissionError
+      # Ignore permission checks in RubyGems. Instead, go on, and try to write
+      # for real. We properly handle permission errors when they happen.
+      nil
+    end
+
     def generate_plugins
       return unless Gem::Installer.instance_methods(false).include?(:generate_plugins)
 
@@ -60,10 +68,6 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    def pre_install_checks
-      super && validate_bundler_checksum(options[:bundler_expected_checksum])
-    end
-
     def build_extensions
       extension_cache_path = options[:bundler_extension_cache_path]
       extension_dir = spec.extension_dir
@@ -98,6 +102,10 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
+    def gem_checksum
+      Checksum.from_gem_package(@package)
+    end
+
     private
 
     def prepare_extension_build(extension_dir)
@@ -108,62 +116,21 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def strict_rm_rf(dir)
-      Bundler.rm_rf dir
-    rescue Errno::ENOTEMPTY => e
-      raise DirectoryRemovalError.new(e.cause, "Could not delete previous installation of `#{dir}`")
-    end
+      return unless File.exist?(dir)
 
-    def validate_bundler_checksum(checksum)
-      return true if Bundler.settings[:disable_checksum_validation]
-      return true unless checksum
-      return true unless source = @package.instance_variable_get(:@gem)
-      return true unless source.respond_to?(:with_read_io)
-      digest = source.with_read_io do |io|
-        digest = SharedHelpers.digest(:SHA256).new
-        digest << io.read(16_384) until io.eof?
-        io.rewind
-        send(checksum_type(checksum), digest)
-      end
-      unless digest == checksum
-        raise SecurityError, <<-MESSAGE
-          Bundler cannot continue installing #{spec.name} (#{spec.version}).
-          The checksum for the downloaded `#{spec.full_name}.gem` does not match \
-          the checksum given by the server. This means the contents of the downloaded \
-          gem is different from what was uploaded to the server, and could be a potential security issue.
-
-          To resolve this issue:
-          1. delete the downloaded gem located at: `#{spec.gem_dir}/#{spec.full_name}.gem`
-          2. run `bundle install`
-
-          If you wish to continue installing the downloaded gem, and are certain it does not pose a \
-          security issue despite the mismatching checksum, do the following:
-          1. run `bundle config set --local disable_checksum_validation true` to turn off checksum verification
-          2. run `bundle install`
-
-          (More info: The expected SHA256 checksum was #{checksum.inspect}, but the \
-          checksum for the downloaded gem was #{digest.inspect}.)
-          MESSAGE
-      end
-      true
-    end
+      parent = File.dirname(dir)
+      parent_st = File.stat(parent)
 
-    def checksum_type(checksum)
-      case checksum.length
-      when 64 then :hexdigest!
-      when 44 then :base64digest!
-      else raise InstallError, "The given checksum for #{spec.full_name} (#{checksum.inspect}) is not a valid SHA256 hexdigest nor base64digest"
+      if parent_st.world_writable? && !parent_st.sticky?
+        raise InsecureInstallPathError.new(parent)
       end
-    end
 
-    def hexdigest!(digest)
-      digest.hexdigest!
-    end
+      begin
+        FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(dir)
+      rescue StandardError => e
+        raise unless File.exist?(dir)
 
-    def base64digest!(digest)
-      if digest.respond_to?(:base64digest!)
-        digest.base64digest!
-      else
-        [digest.digest!].pack("m0")
+        raise DirectoryRemovalError.new(e, "Could not delete previous installation of `#{dir}`")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb b/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb
index 08af0610c6..da555681f9 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb
@@ -4,17 +4,12 @@ require "rubygems" unless defined?(Gem)
 
 module Bundler
   class RubygemsIntegration
-    if defined?(Gem::Ext::Builder::CHDIR_MONITOR)
-      EXT_LOCK = Gem::Ext::Builder::CHDIR_MONITOR
-    else
-      require "monitor"
+    require "monitor"
 
-      EXT_LOCK = Monitor.new
-    end
+    EXT_LOCK = Monitor.new
 
     def initialize
       @replaced_methods = {}
-      backport_ext_builder_monitor
     end
 
     def version
@@ -43,18 +38,6 @@ module Bundler
       Gem.loaded_specs[name]
     end
 
-    def add_to_load_path(paths)
-      return Gem.add_to_load_path(*paths) if Gem.respond_to?(:add_to_load_path)
-
-      if insert_index = Gem.load_path_insert_index
-        # Gem directories must come after -I and ENV['RUBYLIB']
-        $LOAD_PATH.insert(insert_index, *paths)
-      else
-        # We are probably testing in core, -I and RUBYLIB don't apply
-        $LOAD_PATH.unshift(*paths)
-      end
-    end
-
     def mark_loaded(spec)
       if spec.respond_to?(:activated=)
         current = Gem.loaded_specs[spec.name]
@@ -91,9 +74,9 @@ module Bundler
     def spec_matches_for_glob(spec, glob)
       return spec.matches_for_glob(glob) if spec.respond_to?(:matches_for_glob)
 
-      spec.load_paths.map do |lp|
+      spec.load_paths.flat_map do |lp|
         Dir["#{lp}/#{glob}#{suffix_pattern}"]
-      end.flatten(1)
+      end
     end
 
     def stub_set_spec(stub, spec)
@@ -116,16 +99,6 @@ module Bundler
       Gem::Util.inflate(obj)
     end
 
-    def correct_for_windows_path(path)
-      if Gem::Util.respond_to?(:correct_for_windows_path)
-        Gem::Util.correct_for_windows_path(path)
-      elsif path[0].chr == "/" && path[1].chr =~ /[a-z]/i && path[2].chr == ":"
-        path[1..-1]
-      else
-        path
-      end
-    end
-
     def gem_dir
       Gem.dir
     end
@@ -161,7 +134,7 @@ module Bundler
     def spec_cache_dirs
       @spec_cache_dirs ||= begin
         dirs = gem_path.map {|dir| File.join(dir, "specifications") }
-        dirs << Gem.spec_cache_dir if Gem.respond_to?(:spec_cache_dir) # Not in RubyGems 2.0.3 or earlier
+        dirs << Gem.spec_cache_dir
         dirs.uniq.select {|dir| File.directory? dir }
       end
     end
@@ -183,18 +156,6 @@ module Bundler
       loaded_gem_paths.flatten
     end
 
-    def load_plugins
-      Gem.load_plugins if Gem.respond_to?(:load_plugins)
-    end
-
-    def load_plugin_files(files)
-      Gem.load_plugin_files(files) if Gem.respond_to?(:load_plugin_files)
-    end
-
-    def load_env_plugins
-      Gem.load_env_plugins if Gem.respond_to?(:load_env_plugins)
-    end
-
     def ui=(obj)
       Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.ui = obj
     end
@@ -227,23 +188,23 @@ module Bundler
 
     def reverse_rubygems_kernel_mixin
       # Disable rubygems' gem activation system
-      kernel = (class << ::Kernel; self; end)
-      [kernel, ::Kernel].each do |k|
-        if k.private_method_defined?(:gem_original_require)
-          redefine_method(k, :require, k.instance_method(:gem_original_require))
+      if Gem.respond_to?(:discover_gems_on_require=)
+        Gem.discover_gems_on_require = false
+      else
+        [::Kernel.singleton_class, ::Kernel].each do |k|
+          if k.private_method_defined?(:gem_original_require)
+            redefine_method(k, :require, k.instance_method(:gem_original_require))
+          end
         end
       end
     end
 
     def replace_gem(specs, specs_by_name)
-      reverse_rubygems_kernel_mixin
-
       executables = nil
 
-      kernel = (class << ::Kernel; self; end)
-      [kernel, ::Kernel].each do |kernel_class|
+      [::Kernel.singleton_class, ::Kernel].each do |kernel_class|
         redefine_method(kernel_class, :gem) do |dep, *reqs|
-          if executables && executables.include?(File.basename(caller.first.split(":").first))
+          if executables&.include?(File.basename(caller.first.split(":").first))
             break
           end
 
@@ -354,6 +315,14 @@ module Bundler
     def replace_entrypoints(specs)
       specs_by_name = add_default_gems_to(specs)
 
+      reverse_rubygems_kernel_mixin
+      begin
+        # bundled_gems only provide with Ruby 3.3 or later
+        require "bundled_gems"
+      rescue LoadError
+      else
+        Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS.replace_require(specs) if Gem::BUNDLED_GEMS.respond_to?(:replace_require)
+      end
       replace_gem(specs, specs_by_name)
       stub_rubygems(specs)
       replace_bin_path(specs_by_name)
@@ -443,30 +412,28 @@ module Bundler
       Gem::Specification.all = specs
     end
 
-    def fetch_specs(remote, name)
+    def fetch_specs(remote, name, fetcher)
       require "rubygems/remote_fetcher"
       path = remote.uri.to_s + "#{name}.#{Gem.marshal_version}.gz"
-      fetcher = gem_remote_fetcher
-      fetcher.headers = { "X-Gemfile-Source" => remote.original_uri.to_s } if remote.original_uri
       string = fetcher.fetch_path(path)
-      Bundler.load_marshal(string)
+      specs = Bundler.safe_load_marshal(string)
+      raise MarshalError, "Specs #{name} from #{remote} is expected to be an Array but was unexpected class #{specs.class}" unless specs.is_a?(Array)
+      specs
     rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError
       # it's okay for prerelease to fail
       raise unless name == "prerelease_specs"
     end
 
-    def fetch_all_remote_specs(remote)
-      specs = fetch_specs(remote, "specs")
-      pres = fetch_specs(remote, "prerelease_specs") || []
+    def fetch_all_remote_specs(remote, gem_remote_fetcher)
+      specs = fetch_specs(remote, "specs", gem_remote_fetcher)
+      pres = fetch_specs(remote, "prerelease_specs", gem_remote_fetcher) || []
 
       specs.concat(pres)
     end
 
-    def download_gem(spec, uri, cache_dir)
+    def download_gem(spec, uri, cache_dir, fetcher)
       require "rubygems/remote_fetcher"
       uri = Bundler.settings.mirror_for(uri)
-      fetcher = gem_remote_fetcher
-      fetcher.headers = { "X-Gemfile-Source" => spec.remote.original_uri.to_s } if spec.remote.original_uri
       Bundler::Retry.new("download gem from #{uri}").attempts do
         gem_file_name = spec.file_name
         local_gem_path = File.join cache_dir, gem_file_name
@@ -474,7 +441,6 @@ module Bundler
 
         begin
           remote_gem_path = uri + "gems/#{gem_file_name}"
-          remote_gem_path = remote_gem_path.to_s if provides?("< 3.2.0.rc.1")
 
           SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(local_gem_path) do
             fetcher.cache_update_path remote_gem_path, local_gem_path
@@ -493,21 +459,11 @@ module Bundler
       raise Bundler::HTTPError, "Could not download gem from #{uri} due to underlying error <#{e.message}>"
     end
 
-    def gem_remote_fetcher
-      require "rubygems/remote_fetcher"
-      proxy = Gem.configuration[:http_proxy]
-      Gem::RemoteFetcher.new(proxy)
-    end
-
     def build(spec, skip_validation = false)
       require "rubygems/package"
       Gem::Package.build(spec, skip_validation)
     end
 
-    def repository_subdirectories
-      Gem::REPOSITORY_SUBDIRECTORIES
-    end
-
     def path_separator
       Gem.path_separator
     end
@@ -518,25 +474,6 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    def backport_ext_builder_monitor
-      # So we can avoid requiring "rubygems/ext" in its entirety
-      Gem.module_eval <<-RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-        module Ext
-        end
-      RUBY
-
-      require "rubygems/ext/builder"
-
-      Gem::Ext::Builder.class_eval do
-        unless const_defined?(:CHDIR_MONITOR)
-          const_set(:CHDIR_MONITOR, EXT_LOCK)
-        end
-
-        remove_const(:CHDIR_MUTEX) if const_defined?(:CHDIR_MUTEX)
-        const_set(:CHDIR_MUTEX, const_get(:CHDIR_MONITOR))
-      end
-    end
-
     def find_bundler(version)
       find_name("bundler").find {|s| s.version.to_s == version }
     end
@@ -545,14 +482,8 @@ module Bundler
       Gem::Specification.stubs_for(name).map(&:to_spec)
     end
 
-    if Gem::Specification.respond_to?(:default_stubs)
-      def default_stubs
-        Gem::Specification.default_stubs("*.gemspec")
-      end
-    else
-      def default_stubs
-        Gem::Specification.send(:default_stubs, "*.gemspec")
-      end
+    def default_stubs
+      Gem::Specification.default_stubs("*.gemspec")
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/runtime.rb b/lib/bundler/runtime.rb
index bd38353d3c..ec772cfe7b 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/runtime.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/runtime.rb
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ module Bundler
         spec.load_paths.reject {|path| $LOAD_PATH.include?(path) }
       end.reverse.flatten
 
-      Bundler.rubygems.add_to_load_path(load_paths)
+      Gem.add_to_load_path(*load_paths)
 
       setup_manpath
 
-      lock(:preserve_unknown_sections => true)
+      lock(preserve_unknown_sections: true)
 
       self
     end
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ module Bundler
     definition_method :requires
 
     def lock(opts = {})
-      return if @definition.nothing_changed? && !@definition.unlocking?
-      @definition.lock(Bundler.default_lockfile, opts[:preserve_unknown_sections])
+      return if @definition.no_resolve_needed?
+      @definition.lock(opts[:preserve_unknown_sections])
     end
 
     alias_method :gems, :specs
diff --git a/lib/bundler/safe_marshal.rb b/lib/bundler/safe_marshal.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50aa0f60a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/safe_marshal.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  module SafeMarshal
+    ALLOWED_CLASSES = [
+      Array,
+      FalseClass,
+      Gem::Specification,
+      Gem::Version,
+      Hash,
+      String,
+      Symbol,
+      Time,
+      TrueClass,
+    ].freeze
+
+    ERROR = "Unexpected class %s present in marshaled data. Only %s are allowed."
+
+    PROC = proc do |object|
+      object.tap do
+        unless ALLOWED_CLASSES.include?(object.class)
+          raise TypeError, format(ERROR, object.class, ALLOWED_CLASSES.join(", "))
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.proc
+      PROC
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/self_manager.rb b/lib/bundler/self_manager.rb
index 827f3f9222..bfd000b1a0 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/self_manager.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/self_manager.rb
@@ -9,17 +9,23 @@ module Bundler
     def restart_with_locked_bundler_if_needed
       return unless needs_switching? && installed?
 
-      restart_with(lockfile_version)
+      restart_with(restart_version)
     end
 
     def install_locked_bundler_and_restart_with_it_if_needed
       return unless needs_switching?
 
-      Bundler.ui.info \
-        "Bundler #{current_version} is running, but your lockfile was generated with #{lockfile_version}. " \
-        "Installing Bundler #{lockfile_version} and restarting using that version."
+      if restart_version == lockfile_version
+        Bundler.ui.info \
+          "Bundler #{current_version} is running, but your lockfile was generated with #{lockfile_version}. " \
+          "Installing Bundler #{lockfile_version} and restarting using that version."
+      else
+        Bundler.ui.info \
+          "Bundler #{current_version} is running, but your configuration was #{restart_version}. " \
+          "Installing Bundler #{restart_version} and restarting using that version."
+      end
 
-      install_and_restart_with(lockfile_version)
+      install_and_restart_with(restart_version)
     end
 
     def update_bundler_and_restart_with_it_if_needed(target)
@@ -79,7 +85,8 @@ module Bundler
       autoswitching_applies? &&
         released?(lockfile_version) &&
         !running?(lockfile_version) &&
-        !updating?
+        !updating? &&
+        Bundler.settings[:version] != "system"
     end
 
     def autoswitching_applies?
@@ -106,7 +113,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def local_specs
-      @local_specs ||= Bundler::Source::Rubygems.new("allow_local" => true).specs.select {|spec| spec.name == "bundler" }
+      @local_specs ||= Bundler::Source::Rubygems.new("allow_local" => true, "allow_cached" => true).specs.select {|spec| spec.name == "bundler" }
     end
 
     def remote_specs
@@ -114,7 +121,7 @@ module Bundler
         source = Bundler::Source::Rubygems.new("remotes" => "https://rubygems.org")
         source.remote!
         source.add_dependency_names("bundler")
-        source.specs
+        source.specs.select(&:matches_current_metadata?)
       end
     end
 
@@ -151,7 +158,7 @@ module Bundler
     def installed?
       Bundler.configure
 
-      Bundler.rubygems.find_bundler(lockfile_version.to_s)
+      Bundler.rubygems.find_bundler(restart_version.to_s)
     end
 
     def current_version
@@ -163,6 +170,17 @@ module Bundler
 
       parsed_version = Bundler::LockfileParser.bundled_with
       @lockfile_version = parsed_version ? Gem::Version.new(parsed_version) : nil
+    rescue ArgumentError
+      @lockfile_version = nil
+    end
+
+    def restart_version
+      return @restart_version if defined?(@restart_version)
+      # BUNDLE_VERSION=x.y.z
+      @restart_version = Gem::Version.new(Bundler.settings[:version])
+    rescue ArgumentError
+      # BUNDLE_VERSION=lockfile
+      @restart_version = lockfile_version
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/settings.rb b/lib/bundler/settings.rb
index cf5675274e..379abfb24a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/settings.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/settings.rb
@@ -43,9 +43,21 @@ module Bundler
       setup_makes_kernel_gem_public
       silence_deprecations
       silence_root_warning
-      suppress_install_using_messages
       update_requires_all_flag
-      use_gem_version_promoter_for_major_updates
+    ].freeze
+
+    REMEMBERED_KEYS = %w[
+      bin
+      cache_all
+      clean
+      deployment
+      frozen
+      no_prune
+      path
+      shebang
+      path.system
+      without
+      with
     ].freeze
 
     NUMBER_KEYS = %w[
@@ -76,6 +88,7 @@ module Bundler
       shebang
       system_bindir
       trust-policy
+      version
     ].freeze
 
     DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
@@ -85,25 +98,38 @@ module Bundler
       "BUNDLE_REDIRECT" => 5,
       "BUNDLE_RETRY" => 3,
       "BUNDLE_TIMEOUT" => 10,
+      "BUNDLE_VERSION" => "lockfile",
     }.freeze
 
     def initialize(root = nil)
       @root            = root
       @local_config    = load_config(local_config_file)
-      @env_config      = ENV.to_h.select {|key, _value| key =~ /\ABUNDLE_.+/ }
+
+      @env_config      = ENV.to_h
+      @env_config.select! {|key, _value| key.start_with?("BUNDLE_") }
+      @env_config.delete("BUNDLE_")
+
       @global_config   = load_config(global_config_file)
       @temporary       = {}
+
+      @key_cache = {}
     end
 
     def [](name)
       key = key_for(name)
-      value = configs.values.map {|config| config[key] }.compact.first
+
+      value = nil
+      configs.each do |_, config|
+        value = config[key]
+        next if value.nil?
+        break
+      end
 
       converted_value(value, name)
     end
 
     def set_command_option(key, value)
-      if Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?
+      if !is_remembered(key) || Bundler.feature_flag.forget_cli_options?
         temporary(key => value)
         value
       else
@@ -140,17 +166,22 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def all
-      keys = @temporary.keys | @global_config.keys | @local_config.keys | @env_config.keys
+      keys = @temporary.keys.union(@global_config.keys, @local_config.keys, @env_config.keys)
 
-      keys.map do |key|
-        key.sub(/^BUNDLE_/, "").gsub(/___/, "-").gsub(/__/, ".").downcase
-      end.sort
+      keys.map! do |key|
+        key = key.delete_prefix("BUNDLE_")
+        key.gsub!("___", "-")
+        key.gsub!("__", ".")
+        key.downcase!
+        key
+      end.sort!
+      keys
     end
 
     def local_overrides
       repos = {}
       all.each do |k|
-        repos[$'] = self[k] if k =~ /^local\./
+        repos[k.delete_prefix("local.")] = self[k] if k.start_with?("local.")
       end
       repos
     end
@@ -158,7 +189,7 @@ module Bundler
     def mirror_for(uri)
       if uri.is_a?(String)
         require_relative "vendored_uri"
-        uri = Bundler::URI(uri)
+        uri = Gem::URI(uri)
       end
 
       gem_mirrors.for(uri.to_s).uri
@@ -220,7 +251,6 @@ module Bundler
     def path
       configs.each do |_level, settings|
         path = value_for("path", settings)
-        path = "vendor/bundle" if value_for("deployment", settings) && path.nil?
         path_system = value_for("path.system", settings)
         disabled_shared_gems = value_for("disable_shared_gems", settings)
         next if path.nil? && path_system.nil? && disabled_shared_gems.nil?
@@ -228,7 +258,9 @@ module Bundler
         return Path.new(path, system_path)
       end
 
-      Path.new(nil, false)
+      path = "vendor/bundle" if self[:deployment]
+
+      Path.new(path, false)
     end
 
     Path = Struct.new(:explicit_path, :system_path) do
@@ -278,12 +310,6 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    def allow_sudo?
-      key = key_for(:path)
-      path_configured = @temporary.key?(key) || @local_config.key?(key)
-      !path_configured
-    end
-
     def ignore_config?
       ENV["BUNDLE_IGNORE_CONFIG"]
     end
@@ -302,18 +328,18 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def key_for(key)
-      self.class.key_for(key)
+      @key_cache[key] ||= self.class.key_for(key)
     end
 
     private
 
     def configs
-      {
-        :temporary => @temporary,
-        :local => @local_config,
-        :env => @env_config,
-        :global => @global_config,
-        :default => DEFAULT_CONFIG,
+      @configs ||= {
+        temporary: @temporary,
+        local: @local_config,
+        env: @env_config,
+        global: @global_config,
+        default: DEFAULT_CONFIG,
       }
     end
 
@@ -334,16 +360,20 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def is_bool(name)
-      BOOL_KEYS.include?(name.to_s) || BOOL_KEYS.include?(parent_setting_for(name.to_s))
+      name = self.class.key_to_s(name)
+      BOOL_KEYS.include?(name) || BOOL_KEYS.include?(parent_setting_for(name))
     end
 
     def is_string(name)
-      STRING_KEYS.include?(name.to_s) || name.to_s.start_with?("local.") || name.to_s.start_with?("mirror.") || name.to_s.start_with?("build.")
+      name = self.class.key_to_s(name)
+      STRING_KEYS.include?(name) || name.start_with?("local.") || name.start_with?("mirror.") || name.start_with?("build.")
     end
 
     def to_bool(value)
       case value
-      when nil, /\A(false|f|no|n|0|)\z/i, false
+      when String
+        value.match?(/\A(false|f|no|n|0|)\z/i) ? false : true
+      when nil, false
         false
       else
         true
@@ -351,11 +381,15 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def is_num(key)
-      NUMBER_KEYS.include?(key.to_s)
+      NUMBER_KEYS.include?(self.class.key_to_s(key))
     end
 
     def is_array(key)
-      ARRAY_KEYS.include?(key.to_s)
+      ARRAY_KEYS.include?(self.class.key_to_s(key))
+    end
+
+    def is_remembered(key)
+      REMEMBERED_KEYS.include?(self.class.key_to_s(key))
     end
 
     def is_credential(key)
@@ -378,7 +412,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def set_key(raw_key, value, hash, file)
-      raw_key = raw_key.to_s
+      raw_key = self.class.key_to_s(raw_key)
       value = array_to_s(value) if is_array(raw_key)
 
       key = key_for(raw_key)
@@ -393,12 +427,13 @@ module Bundler
       return unless file
       SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file) do |p|
         FileUtils.mkdir_p(p.dirname)
-        require_relative "yaml_serializer"
-        p.open("w") {|f| f.write(YAMLSerializer.dump(hash)) }
+        p.open("w") {|f| f.write(serializer_class.dump(hash)) }
       end
     end
 
     def converted_value(value, key)
+      key = self.class.key_to_s(key)
+
       if is_array(key)
         to_array(value)
       elsif value.nil?
@@ -456,24 +491,34 @@ module Bundler
       SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(config_file, :read) do |file|
         valid_file = file.exist? && !file.size.zero?
         return {} unless valid_file
-        require_relative "yaml_serializer"
-        YAMLSerializer.load(file.read).inject({}) do |config, (k, v)|
-          new_k = k
-
-          if k.include?("-")
-            Bundler.ui.warn "Your #{file} config includes `#{k}`, which contains the dash character (`-`).\n" \
-              "This is deprecated, because configuration through `ENV` should be possible, but `ENV` keys cannot include dashes.\n" \
-              "Please edit #{file} and replace any dashes in configuration keys with a triple underscore (`___`)."
-
-            new_k = k.gsub("-", "___")
+        serializer_class.load(file.read).inject({}) do |config, (k, v)|
+          unless k.start_with?("#")
+            if k.include?("-")
+              Bundler.ui.warn "Your #{file} config includes `#{k}`, which contains the dash character (`-`).\n" \
+                "This is deprecated, because configuration through `ENV` should be possible, but `ENV` keys cannot include dashes.\n" \
+                "Please edit #{file} and replace any dashes in configuration keys with a triple underscore (`___`)."
+
+              # string hash keys are frozen
+              k = k.gsub("-", "___")
+            end
+
+            config[k] = v
           end
 
-          config[new_k] = v
           config
         end
       end
     end
 
+    def serializer_class
+      require "rubygems/yaml_serializer"
+      Gem::YAMLSerializer
+    rescue LoadError
+      # TODO: Remove this when RubyGems 3.4 is EOL
+      require_relative "yaml_serializer"
+      YAMLSerializer
+    end
+
     PER_URI_OPTIONS = %w[
       fallback_timeout
     ].freeze
@@ -485,12 +530,15 @@ module Bundler
         (https?.*?) # URI
         (\.#{Regexp.union(PER_URI_OPTIONS)})? # optional suffix key
         \z
-      /ix.freeze
+      /ix
 
     def self.key_for(key)
       key = normalize_uri(key).to_s if key.is_a?(String) && key.start_with?("http", "mirror.http")
-      key = key.to_s.gsub(".", "__").gsub("-", "___").upcase
-      "BUNDLE_#{key}"
+      key = key_to_s(key).gsub(".", "__")
+      key.gsub!("-", "___")
+      key.upcase!
+
+      key.prepend("BUNDLE_")
     end
 
     # TODO: duplicates Rubygems#normalize_uri
@@ -502,13 +550,42 @@ module Bundler
         uri = $2
         suffix = $3
       end
-      uri = "#{uri}/" unless uri.end_with?("/")
+      uri = URINormalizer.normalize_suffix(uri)
       require_relative "vendored_uri"
-      uri = Bundler::URI(uri)
+      uri = Gem::URI(uri)
       unless uri.absolute?
         raise ArgumentError, format("Gem sources must be absolute. You provided '%s'.", uri)
       end
       "#{prefix}#{uri}#{suffix}"
     end
+
+    # This is a hot method, so avoid respond_to? checks on every invocation
+    if :read.respond_to?(:name)
+      def self.key_to_s(key)
+        case key
+        when String
+          key
+        when Symbol
+          key.name
+        when Gem::URI::HTTP
+          key.to_s
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "Invalid key: #{key.inspect}"
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      def self.key_to_s(key)
+        case key
+        when String
+          key
+        when Symbol
+          key.to_s
+        when Gem::URI::HTTP
+          key.to_s
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "Invalid key: #{key.inspect}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/setup.rb b/lib/bundler/setup.rb
index 32e9b2d7c0..7131d15055 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/setup.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/setup.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,13 @@ if Bundler::SharedHelpers.in_bundle?
       Bundler.ui.error e.message
       Bundler.ui.warn e.backtrace.join("\n") if ENV["DEBUG"]
       if e.is_a?(Bundler::GemNotFound)
-        Bundler.ui.warn "Run `bundle install` to install missing gems."
+        default_bundle = Gem.bin_path("bundler", "bundle")
+        current_bundle = Bundler::SharedHelpers.bundle_bin_path
+        suggested_bundle = default_bundle == current_bundle ? "bundle" : current_bundle
+        suggested_cmd = "#{suggested_bundle} install"
+        original_gemfile = Bundler.original_env["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"]
+        suggested_cmd += " --gemfile #{original_gemfile}" if original_gemfile
+        Bundler.ui.warn "Run `#{suggested_cmd}` to install missing gems."
       end
       exit e.status_code
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb b/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb
index 8c4e26f074..78760e6fa4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ module Bundler
     def root
       gemfile = find_gemfile
       raise GemfileNotFound, "Could not locate Gemfile" unless gemfile
-      Pathname.new(gemfile).tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }.expand_path.parent
+      Pathname.new(gemfile).expand_path.parent
     end
 
     def default_gemfile
       gemfile = find_gemfile
       raise GemfileNotFound, "Could not locate Gemfile" unless gemfile
-      Pathname.new(gemfile).tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }.expand_path
+      Pathname.new(gemfile).expand_path
     end
 
     def default_lockfile
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module Bundler
       case gemfile.basename.to_s
       when "gems.rb" then Pathname.new(gemfile.sub(/.rb$/, ".locked"))
       else Pathname.new("#{gemfile}.lock")
-      end.tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }
+      end
     end
 
     def default_bundle_dir
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ module Bundler
     #
     # @see {Bundler::PermissionError}
     def filesystem_access(path, action = :write, &block)
-      yield(path.dup.tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" })
+      yield(path.dup)
     rescue Errno::EACCES
       raise PermissionError.new(path, action)
     rescue Errno::EAGAIN
@@ -117,16 +117,18 @@ module Bundler
       raise GenericSystemCallError.new(e, "There was an error accessing `#{path}`.")
     end
 
-    def major_deprecation(major_version, message, print_caller_location: false)
+    def major_deprecation(major_version, message, removed_message: nil, print_caller_location: false)
       if print_caller_location
         caller_location = caller_locations(2, 2).first
-        message = "#{message} (called at #{caller_location.path}:#{caller_location.lineno})"
+        suffix = " (called at #{caller_location.path}:#{caller_location.lineno})"
+        message += suffix
+        removed_message += suffix if removed_message
       end
 
       bundler_major_version = Bundler.bundler_major_version
       if bundler_major_version > major_version
         require_relative "errors"
-        raise DeprecatedError, "[REMOVED] #{message}"
+        raise DeprecatedError, "[REMOVED] #{removed_message || message}"
       end
 
       return unless bundler_major_version >= major_version && prints_major_deprecations?
@@ -160,10 +162,10 @@ module Bundler
         " (was expecting #{old_deps.map(&:to_s)}, but the real spec has #{new_deps.map(&:to_s)})"
       raise APIResponseMismatchError,
         "Downloading #{spec.full_name} revealed dependencies not in the API or the lockfile (#{extra_deps.join(", ")})." \
-        "\nEither installing with `--full-index` or running `bundle update #{spec.name}` should fix the problem."
+        "\nRunning `bundle update #{spec.name}` should fix the problem."
     end
 
-    def pretty_dependency(dep, print_source = false)
+    def pretty_dependency(dep)
       msg = String.new(dep.name)
       msg << " (#{dep.requirement})" unless dep.requirement == Gem::Requirement.default
 
@@ -172,7 +174,6 @@ module Bundler
         msg << " " << platform_string if !platform_string.empty? && platform_string != Gem::Platform::RUBY
       end
 
-      msg << " from the `#{dep.source}` source" if print_source && dep.source
       msg
     end
 
@@ -194,10 +195,40 @@ module Bundler
       Digest(name)
     end
 
+    def checksum_for_file(path, digest)
+      return unless path.file?
+      # This must use File.read instead of Digest.file().hexdigest
+      # because we need to preserve \n line endings on windows when calculating
+      # the checksum
+      SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :read) do
+        File.open(path, "rb") do |f|
+          digest = SharedHelpers.digest(digest).new
+          buf = String.new(capacity: 16_384, encoding: Encoding::BINARY)
+          digest << buf while f.read(16_384, buf)
+          digest.hexdigest
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     def write_to_gemfile(gemfile_path, contents)
       filesystem_access(gemfile_path) {|g| File.open(g, "w") {|file| file.puts contents } }
     end
 
+    def relative_gemfile_path
+      relative_path_to(Bundler.default_gemfile)
+    end
+
+    def relative_lockfile_path
+      relative_path_to(Bundler.default_lockfile)
+    end
+
+    def relative_path_to(destination, from: pwd)
+      Pathname.new(destination).relative_path_from(from).to_s
+    rescue ArgumentError
+      # on Windows, if source and destination are on different drivers, there's no relative path from one to the other
+      destination
+    end
+
     private
 
     def validate_bundle_path
@@ -236,7 +267,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def search_up(*names)
       previous = nil
-      current  = File.expand_path(SharedHelpers.pwd).tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }
+      current  = File.expand_path(SharedHelpers.pwd)
 
       until !File.directory?(current) || current == previous
         if ENV["BUNDLER_SPEC_RUN"]
@@ -273,6 +304,13 @@ module Bundler
     public :set_env
 
     def set_bundle_variables
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLE_BIN_PATH", bundle_bin_path
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLE_GEMFILE", find_gemfile.to_s
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLER_VERSION", Bundler::VERSION
+      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLER_SETUP", File.expand_path("setup", __dir__)
+    end
+
+    def bundle_bin_path
       # bundler exe & lib folders have same root folder, typical gem installation
       exe_file = File.expand_path("../../exe/bundle", __dir__)
 
@@ -282,10 +320,9 @@ module Bundler
       # bundler is a default gem, exe path is separate
       exe_file = Bundler.rubygems.bin_path("bundler", "bundle", VERSION) unless File.exist?(exe_file)
 
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLE_BIN_PATH", exe_file
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLE_GEMFILE", find_gemfile.to_s
-      Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLER_VERSION", Bundler::VERSION
+      exe_file
     end
+    public :bundle_bin_path
 
     def set_path
       validate_bundle_path
@@ -297,7 +334,7 @@ module Bundler
     def set_rubyopt
       rubyopt = [ENV["RUBYOPT"]].compact
       setup_require = "-r#{File.expand_path("setup", __dir__)}"
-      return if !rubyopt.empty? && rubyopt.first =~ /#{setup_require}/
+      return if !rubyopt.empty? && rubyopt.first.include?(setup_require)
       rubyopt.unshift setup_require
       Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "RUBYOPT", rubyopt.join(" ")
     end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source.rb b/lib/bundler/source.rb
index 69804a2e63..115dbd1378 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ module Bundler
 
     attr_accessor :dependency_names
 
+    attr_reader :checksum_store
+
     def unmet_deps
       specs.unmet_dependency_names
     end
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def print_using_message(message)
-      if !message.include?("(was ") && Bundler.feature_flag.suppress_install_using_messages?
+      if !message.include?("(was ")
         Bundler.ui.debug message
       else
         Bundler.ui.info message
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/git.rb b/lib/bundler/source/git.rb
index ed66dcdc12..198e335bb6 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/git.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/git.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       def initialize(options)
         @options = options
+        @checksum_store = Checksum::Store.new
         @glob = options["glob"] || DEFAULT_GLOB
 
         @allow_cached = false
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ module Bundler
         # Stringify options that could be set as symbols
         %w[ref branch tag revision].each {|k| options[k] = options[k].to_s if options[k] }
 
-        @uri        = options["uri"] || ""
+        @uri        = URINormalizer.normalize_suffix(options["uri"] || "", trailing_slash: false)
         @safe_uri   = URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(@uri)
         @branch     = options["branch"]
         @ref        = options["ref"] || options["branch"] || options["tag"]
@@ -46,6 +47,14 @@ module Bundler
         out << "  specs:\n"
       end
 
+      def to_gemfile
+        specifiers = %w[ref branch tag submodules glob].map do |opt|
+          "#{opt}: #{options[opt]}" if options[opt]
+        end
+
+        uri_with_specifiers(specifiers)
+      end
+
       def hash
         [self.class, uri, ref, branch, name, version, glob, submodules].hash
       end
@@ -59,28 +68,32 @@ module Bundler
 
       alias_method :==, :eql?
 
+      def include?(other)
+        other.is_a?(Git) && uri == other.uri &&
+          name == other.name &&
+          glob == other.glob &&
+          submodules == other.submodules
+      end
+
       def to_s
         begin
-          at = if local?
-            path
-          elsif user_ref = options["ref"]
-            if ref =~ /\A[a-z0-9]{4,}\z/i
-              shortref_for_display(user_ref)
-            else
-              user_ref
-            end
-          elsif ref
-            ref
-          else
-            git_proxy.branch
-          end
+          at = humanized_ref || current_branch
 
           rev = "at #{at}@#{shortref_for_display(revision)}"
         rescue GitError
           ""
         end
 
-        specifiers = [rev, glob_for_display].compact
+        uri_with_specifiers([rev, glob_for_display])
+      end
+
+      def identifier
+        uri_with_specifiers([humanized_ref, cached_revision, glob_for_display])
+      end
+
+      def uri_with_specifiers(specifiers)
+        specifiers.compact!
+
         suffix =
           if specifiers.any?
             " (#{specifiers.join(", ")})"
@@ -102,13 +115,7 @@ module Bundler
         @install_path ||= begin
           git_scope = "#{base_name}-#{shortref_for_path(revision)}"
 
-          path = Bundler.install_path.join(git_scope)
-
-          if !path.exist? && Bundler.requires_sudo?
-            Bundler.user_bundle_path.join(Bundler.ruby_scope).join(git_scope)
-          else
-            path
-          end
+          Bundler.install_path.join(git_scope)
         end
       end
 
@@ -132,7 +139,7 @@ module Bundler
         path = Pathname.new(path)
         path = path.expand_path(Bundler.root) unless path.relative?
 
-        unless options["branch"] || Bundler.settings[:disable_local_branch_check]
+        unless branch || Bundler.settings[:disable_local_branch_check]
           raise GitError, "Cannot use local override for #{name} at #{path} because " \
             ":branch is not specified in Gemfile. Specify a branch or run " \
             "`bundle config unset local.#{override_for(original_path)}` to remove the local override"
@@ -147,14 +154,14 @@ module Bundler
 
         # Create a new git proxy without the cached revision
         # so the Gemfile.lock always picks up the new revision.
-        @git_proxy = GitProxy.new(path, uri, ref)
+        @git_proxy = GitProxy.new(path, uri, options)
 
-        if git_proxy.branch != options["branch"] && !Bundler.settings[:disable_local_branch_check]
+        if current_branch != branch && !Bundler.settings[:disable_local_branch_check]
           raise GitError, "Local override for #{name} at #{path} is using branch " \
-            "#{git_proxy.branch} but Gemfile specifies #{options["branch"]}"
+            "#{current_branch} but Gemfile specifies #{branch}"
         end
 
-        changed = cached_revision && cached_revision != git_proxy.revision
+        changed = cached_revision && cached_revision != revision
 
         if !Bundler.settings[:disable_local_revision_check] && changed && !@unlocked && !git_proxy.contains?(cached_revision)
           raise GitError, "The Gemfile lock is pointing to revision #{shortref_for_display(cached_revision)} " \
@@ -179,6 +186,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def install(spec, options = {})
+        return if Bundler.settings[:no_install]
         force = options[:force]
 
         print_using_message "Using #{version_message(spec, options[:previous_spec])} from #{self}"
@@ -190,7 +198,7 @@ module Bundler
           @copied = true
         end
 
-        generate_bin_options = { :disable_extensions => !Bundler.rubygems.spec_missing_extensions?(spec), :build_args => options[:build_args] }
+        generate_bin_options = { disable_extensions: !Bundler.rubygems.spec_missing_extensions?(spec), build_args: options[:build_args] }
         generate_bin(spec, generate_bin_options)
 
         requires_checkout? ? spec.post_install_message : nil
@@ -219,7 +227,7 @@ module Bundler
       # across different projects, this cache will be shared.
       # When using local git repos, this is set to the local repo.
       def cache_path
-        @cache_path ||= if Bundler.requires_sudo? || Bundler.feature_flag.global_gem_cache?
+        @cache_path ||= if Bundler.feature_flag.global_gem_cache?
           Bundler.user_cache
         else
           Bundler.bundle_path.join("cache", "bundler")
@@ -234,6 +242,10 @@ module Bundler
         git_proxy.revision
       end
 
+      def current_branch
+        git_proxy.current_branch
+      end
+
       def allow_git_ops?
         @allow_remote || @allow_cached
       end
@@ -244,6 +256,20 @@ module Bundler
 
       private
 
+      def humanized_ref
+        if local?
+          path
+        elsif user_ref = options["ref"]
+          if /\A[a-z0-9]{4,}\z/i.match?(ref)
+            shortref_for_display(user_ref)
+          else
+            user_ref
+          end
+        elsif ref
+          ref
+        end
+      end
+
       def serialize_gemspecs_in(destination)
         destination = destination.expand_path(Bundler.root) if destination.relative?
         Dir["#{destination}/#{@glob}"].each do |spec_path|
@@ -297,10 +323,10 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def uri_hash
-        if uri =~ %r{^\w+://(\w+@)?}
+        if %r{^\w+://(\w+@)?}.match?(uri)
           # Downcase the domain component of the URI
           # and strip off a trailing slash, if one is present
-          input = Bundler::URI.parse(uri).normalize.to_s.sub(%r{/$}, "")
+          input = Gem::URI.parse(uri).normalize.to_s.sub(%r{/$}, "")
         else
           # If there is no URI scheme, assume it is an ssh/git URI
           input = uri
@@ -319,7 +345,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def git_proxy
-        @git_proxy ||= GitProxy.new(cache_path, uri, ref, cached_revision, self)
+        @git_proxy ||= GitProxy.new(cache_path, uri, options, cached_revision, self)
       end
 
       def fetch
@@ -334,7 +360,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       def load_gemspec(file)
         stub = Gem::StubSpecification.gemspec_stub(file, install_path.parent, install_path.parent)
-        stub.full_gem_path = Pathname.new(file).dirname.expand_path(root).to_s.tap {|x| x.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" }
+        stub.full_gem_path = Pathname.new(file).dirname.expand_path(root).to_s
         StubSpecification.from_stub(stub)
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/git/git_proxy.rb b/lib/bundler/source/git/git_proxy.rb
index 745a7fe118..645851286c 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/git/git_proxy.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/git/git_proxy.rb
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ module Bundler
         def initialize(command, path, extra_info = nil)
           @command = command
 
-          msg = String.new
-          msg << "Git error: command `#{command}` in directory #{path} has failed."
+          msg = String.new("Git error: command `#{command}`")
+          msg << " in directory #{path}" if path
+          msg << " has failed."
           msg << "\n#{extra_info}" if extra_info
-          msg << "\nIf this error persists you could try removing the cache directory '#{path}'" if path.exist?
           super msg
         end
       end
@@ -43,69 +43,75 @@ module Bundler
         end
       end
 
+      class AmbiguousGitReference < GitError
+        def initialize(options)
+          msg = "Specification of branch or ref with tag is ambiguous. You specified #{options.inspect}"
+          super msg
+        end
+      end
+
       # The GitProxy is responsible to interact with git repositories.
       # All actions required by the Git source is encapsulated in this
       # object.
       class GitProxy
-        attr_accessor :path, :uri, :ref
+        attr_accessor :path, :uri, :branch, :tag, :ref, :explicit_ref
         attr_writer :revision
 
-        def initialize(path, uri, ref, revision = nil, git = nil)
+        def initialize(path, uri, options = {}, revision = nil, git = nil)
           @path     = path
           @uri      = uri
-          @ref      = ref
+          @tag      = options["tag"]
+          @branch   = options["branch"]
+          @ref      = options["ref"]
+          if @tag
+            raise AmbiguousGitReference.new(options) if @branch || @ref
+            @explicit_ref = @tag
+          else
+            @explicit_ref = @ref || @branch
+          end
           @revision = revision
           @git      = git
+          @commit_ref = nil
         end
 
         def revision
-          @revision ||= find_local_revision
+          @revision ||= allowed_with_path { find_local_revision }
         end
 
-        def branch
-          @branch ||= allowed_with_path do
-            git("rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD", :dir => path).strip
+        def current_branch
+          @current_branch ||= with_path do
+            git_local("rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD", dir: path).strip
           end
         end
 
         def contains?(commit)
           allowed_with_path do
-            result, status = git_null("branch", "--contains", commit, :dir => path)
-            status.success? && result =~ /^\* (.*)$/
+            result, status = git_null("branch", "--contains", commit, dir: path)
+            status.success? && result.match?(/^\* (.*)$/)
           end
         end
 
         def version
-          git("--version").match(/(git version\s*)?((\.?\d+)+).*/)[2]
+          @version ||= full_version.match(/((\.?\d+)+).*/)[1]
         end
 
         def full_version
-          git("--version").sub("git version", "").strip
+          @full_version ||= git_local("--version").sub(/git version\s*/, "").strip
         end
 
         def checkout
-          return if path.exist? && has_revision_cached?
-          extra_ref = "#{ref}:#{ref}" if ref && ref.start_with?("refs/")
+          return if has_revision_cached?
 
-          Bundler.ui.info "Fetching #{URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(uri)}"
+          Bundler.ui.info "Fetching #{credential_filtered_uri}"
 
-          configured_uri = configured_uri_for(uri).to_s
+          extra_fetch_needed = clone_needs_extra_fetch?
+          unshallow_needed = clone_needs_unshallow?
+          return unless extra_fetch_needed || unshallow_needed
 
-          unless path.exist?
-            SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path.dirname) do |p|
-              FileUtils.mkdir_p(p)
-            end
-            git_retry "clone", "--bare", "--no-hardlinks", "--quiet", "--", configured_uri, path.to_s
-            return unless extra_ref
-          end
-
-          with_path do
-            git_retry(*["fetch", "--force", "--quiet", "--tags", "--", configured_uri, "refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*", extra_ref].compact, :dir => path)
-          end
+          git_remote_fetch(unshallow_needed ? ["--unshallow"] : depth_args)
         end
 
         def copy_to(destination, submodules = false)
-          # method 1
           unless File.exist?(destination.join(".git"))
             begin
               SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(destination.dirname) do |p|
@@ -114,7 +120,7 @@ module Bundler
               SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(destination) do |p|
                 FileUtils.rm_rf(p)
               end
-              git_retry "clone", "--no-checkout", "--quiet", path.to_s, destination.to_s
+              git "clone", "--no-checkout", "--quiet", path.to_s, destination.to_s
               File.chmod(((File.stat(destination).mode | 0o777) & ~File.umask), destination)
             rescue Errno::EEXIST => e
               file_path = e.message[%r{.*?((?:[a-zA-Z]:)?/.*)}, 1]
@@ -123,89 +129,213 @@ module Bundler
                 "this file and try again."
             end
           end
-          # method 2
-          git_retry "fetch", "--force", "--quiet", "--tags", path.to_s, :dir => destination
 
-          begin
-            git "reset", "--hard", @revision, :dir => destination
-          rescue GitCommandError => e
-            raise MissingGitRevisionError.new(e.command, destination, @revision, URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(uri))
+          ref = @commit_ref || (locked_to_full_sha? && @revision)
+          if ref
+            git "config", "uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant", "true", dir: path.to_s if @commit_ref.nil? && needs_allow_any_sha1_in_want?
+
+            git "fetch", "--force", "--quiet", *extra_fetch_args(ref), dir: destination
           end
 
+          git "reset", "--hard", @revision, dir: destination
+
           if submodules
-            git_retry "submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", :dir => destination
+            git_retry "submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", dir: destination
           elsif Gem::Version.create(version) >= Gem::Version.create("2.9.0")
             inner_command = "git -C $toplevel submodule deinit --force $sm_path"
-            git_retry "submodule", "foreach", "--quiet", inner_command, :dir => destination
+            git_retry "submodule", "foreach", "--quiet", inner_command, dir: destination
           end
         end
 
         private
 
-        def git_null(*command, dir: nil)
-          check_allowed(command)
+        def git_remote_fetch(args)
+          command = ["fetch", "--force", "--quiet", "--no-tags", *args, "--", configured_uri, refspec].compact
+          command_with_no_credentials = check_allowed(command)
+
+          Bundler::Retry.new("`#{command_with_no_credentials}` at #{path}", [MissingGitRevisionError]).attempts do
+            out, err, status = capture(command, path)
+            return out if status.success?
+
+            if err.include?("couldn't find remote ref") || err.include?("not our ref")
+              raise MissingGitRevisionError.new(command_with_no_credentials, path, commit || explicit_ref, credential_filtered_uri)
+            else
+              raise GitCommandError.new(command_with_no_credentials, path, err)
+            end
+          end
+        end
 
-          out, status = SharedHelpers.with_clean_git_env do
-            capture_and_ignore_stderr(*capture3_args_for(command, dir))
+        def clone_needs_extra_fetch?
+          return true if path.exist?
+
+          SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path.dirname) do |p|
+            FileUtils.mkdir_p(p)
+          end
+
+          command = ["clone", "--bare", "--no-hardlinks", "--quiet", *extra_clone_args, "--", configured_uri, path.to_s]
+          command_with_no_credentials = check_allowed(command)
+
+          Bundler::Retry.new("`#{command_with_no_credentials}`", [MissingGitRevisionError]).attempts do
+            _, err, status = capture(command, nil)
+            return extra_ref if status.success?
+
+            if err.include?("Could not find remote branch")
+              raise MissingGitRevisionError.new(command_with_no_credentials, nil, explicit_ref, credential_filtered_uri)
+            else
+              raise GitCommandError.new(command_with_no_credentials, path, err)
+            end
           end
+        end
+
+        def clone_needs_unshallow?
+          return false unless path.join("shallow").exist?
+          return true if full_clone?
+
+          @revision && @revision != head_revision
+        end
+
+        def extra_ref
+          return false if not_pinned?
+          return true unless full_clone?
+
+          ref.start_with?("refs/")
+        end
+
+        def depth
+          return @depth if defined?(@depth)
+
+          @depth = if !supports_fetching_unreachable_refs?
+            nil
+          elsif not_pinned? || pinned_to_full_sha?
+            1
+          elsif ref.include?("~")
+            parsed_depth = ref.split("~").last
+            parsed_depth.to_i + 1
+          end
+        end
+
+        def refspec
+          if commit
+            @commit_ref = "refs/#{commit}-sha"
+            return "#{commit}:#{@commit_ref}"
+          end
+
+          reference = fully_qualified_ref
+
+          reference ||= if ref.include?("~")
+            ref.split("~").first
+          elsif ref.start_with?("refs/")
+            ref
+          else
+            "refs/*"
+          end
+
+          "#{reference}:#{reference}"
+        end
+
+        def commit
+          @commit ||= pinned_to_full_sha? ? ref : @revision
+        end
+
+        def fully_qualified_ref
+          if branch
+            "refs/heads/#{branch}"
+          elsif tag
+            "refs/tags/#{tag}"
+          elsif ref.nil?
+            "refs/heads/#{current_branch}"
+          end
+        end
+
+        def not_pinned?
+          branch || tag || ref.nil?
+        end
+
+        def pinned_to_full_sha?
+          full_sha_revision?(ref)
+        end
+
+        def locked_to_full_sha?
+          full_sha_revision?(@revision)
+        end
+
+        def full_sha_revision?(ref)
+          ref&.match?(/\A\h{40}\z/)
+        end
+
+        def git_null(*command, dir: nil)
+          check_allowed(command)
 
-          [URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string(out, uri), status]
+          capture(command, dir, ignore_err: true)
         end
 
         def git_retry(*command, dir: nil)
           command_with_no_credentials = check_allowed(command)
 
           Bundler::Retry.new("`#{command_with_no_credentials}` at #{dir || SharedHelpers.pwd}").attempts do
-            git(*command, :dir => dir)
+            git(*command, dir: dir)
           end
         end
 
         def git(*command, dir: nil)
-          command_with_no_credentials = check_allowed(command)
-
-          out, status = SharedHelpers.with_clean_git_env do
-            capture_and_filter_stderr(*capture3_args_for(command, dir))
+          run_command(*command, dir: dir) do |unredacted_command|
+            check_allowed(unredacted_command)
           end
+        end
 
-          filtered_out = URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string(out, uri)
-
-          raise GitCommandError.new(command_with_no_credentials, dir || SharedHelpers.pwd, filtered_out) unless status.success?
-
-          filtered_out
+        def git_local(*command, dir: nil)
+          run_command(*command, dir: dir) do |unredacted_command|
+            redact_and_check_presence(unredacted_command)
+          end
         end
 
         def has_revision_cached?
-          return unless @revision
-          with_path { git("cat-file", "-e", @revision, :dir => path) }
+          return unless @revision && path.exist?
+          git("cat-file", "-e", @revision, dir: path)
           true
         rescue GitError
           false
         end
 
-        def remove_cache
-          FileUtils.rm_rf(path)
+        def find_local_revision
+          return head_revision if explicit_ref.nil?
+
+          find_revision_for(explicit_ref)
         end
 
-        def find_local_revision
-          allowed_with_path do
-            git("rev-parse", "--verify", ref || "HEAD", :dir => path).strip
-          end
+        def head_revision
+          verify("HEAD")
+        end
+
+        def find_revision_for(reference)
+          verify(reference)
         rescue GitCommandError => e
-          raise MissingGitRevisionError.new(e.command, path, ref, URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(uri))
+          raise MissingGitRevisionError.new(e.command, path, reference, credential_filtered_uri)
         end
 
-        # Adds credentials to the URI as Fetcher#configured_uri_for does
-        def configured_uri_for(uri)
-          if /https?:/ =~ uri
-            remote = Bundler::URI(uri)
+        def verify(reference)
+          git("rev-parse", "--verify", reference, dir: path).strip
+        end
+
+        # Adds credentials to the URI
+        def configured_uri
+          if /https?:/.match?(uri)
+            remote = Gem::URI(uri)
             config_auth = Bundler.settings[remote.to_s] || Bundler.settings[remote.host]
             remote.userinfo ||= config_auth
             remote.to_s
+          elsif File.exist?(uri)
+            "file://#{uri}"
           else
-            uri
+            uri.to_s
           end
         end
 
+        # Removes credentials from the URI
+        def credential_filtered_uri
+          URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(uri)
+        end
+
         def allow?
           allowed = @git ? @git.allow_git_ops? : true
 
@@ -225,23 +355,41 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         def check_allowed(command)
-          require "shellwords"
-          command_with_no_credentials = URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string("git #{command.shelljoin}", uri)
+          command_with_no_credentials = redact_and_check_presence(command)
           raise GitNotAllowedError.new(command_with_no_credentials) unless allow?
           command_with_no_credentials
         end
 
-        def capture_and_filter_stderr(*cmd)
-          require "open3"
-          return_value, captured_err, status = Open3.capture3(*cmd)
-          Bundler.ui.warn URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string(captured_err, uri) unless captured_err.empty?
-          [return_value, status]
+        def redact_and_check_presence(command)
+          raise GitNotInstalledError.new unless Bundler.git_present?
+
+          require "shellwords"
+          URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string("git #{command.shelljoin}", uri)
         end
 
-        def capture_and_ignore_stderr(*cmd)
-          require "open3"
-          return_value, _, status = Open3.capture3(*cmd)
-          [return_value, status]
+        def run_command(*command, dir: nil)
+          command_with_no_credentials = yield(command)
+
+          out, err, status = capture(command, dir)
+
+          raise GitCommandError.new(command_with_no_credentials, dir || SharedHelpers.pwd, err) unless status.success?
+
+          Bundler.ui.warn err unless err.empty?
+
+          out
+        end
+
+        def capture(cmd, dir, ignore_err: false)
+          SharedHelpers.with_clean_git_env do
+            require "open3"
+            out, err, status = Open3.capture3(*capture3_args_for(cmd, dir))
+
+            filtered_out = URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string(out, uri)
+            return [filtered_out, status] if ignore_err
+
+            filtered_err = URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_string(err, uri)
+            [filtered_out, filtered_err, status]
+          end
         end
 
         def capture3_args_for(cmd, dir)
@@ -250,13 +398,57 @@ module Bundler
           if Bundler.feature_flag.bundler_3_mode? || supports_minus_c?
             ["git", "-C", dir.to_s, *cmd]
           else
-            ["git", *cmd, { :chdir => dir.to_s }]
+            ["git", *cmd, { chdir: dir.to_s }]
           end
         end
 
+        def extra_clone_args
+          args = depth_args
+          return [] if args.empty?
+
+          args += ["--single-branch"]
+          args.unshift("--no-tags") if supports_cloning_with_no_tags?
+
+          # If there's a locked revision, no need to clone any specific branch
+          # or tag, since we will end up checking out that locked revision
+          # anyways.
+          return args if @revision
+
+          args += ["--branch", branch || tag] if branch || tag
+          args
+        end
+
+        def depth_args
+          return [] if full_clone?
+
+          ["--depth", depth.to_s]
+        end
+
+        def extra_fetch_args(ref)
+          extra_args = [path.to_s, *depth_args]
+          extra_args.push(ref)
+          extra_args
+        end
+
+        def full_clone?
+          depth.nil?
+        end
+
         def supports_minus_c?
           @supports_minus_c ||= Gem::Version.new(version) >= Gem::Version.new("1.8.5")
         end
+
+        def needs_allow_any_sha1_in_want?
+          @needs_allow_any_sha1_in_want ||= Gem::Version.new(version) <= Gem::Version.new("2.13.7")
+        end
+
+        def supports_fetching_unreachable_refs?
+          @supports_fetching_unreachable_refs ||= Gem::Version.new(version) >= Gem::Version.new("2.5.0")
+        end
+
+        def supports_cloning_with_no_tags?
+          @supports_cloning_with_no_tags ||= Gem::Version.new(version) >= Gem::Version.new("2.14.0-rc0")
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/metadata.rb b/lib/bundler/source/metadata.rb
index 23531b8bd4..4d27761365 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/metadata.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/metadata.rb
@@ -5,28 +5,27 @@ module Bundler
     class Metadata < Source
       def specs
         @specs ||= Index.build do |idx|
-          idx << Gem::Specification.new("Ruby\0", Gem.ruby_version)
+          idx << Gem::Specification.new("Ruby\0", Bundler::RubyVersion.system.gem_version)
           idx << Gem::Specification.new("RubyGems\0", Gem::VERSION) do |s|
             s.required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.default
           end
 
-          idx << Gem::Specification.new do |s|
-            s.name     = "bundler"
-            s.version  = VERSION
-            s.license  = "MIT"
-            s.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
-            s.source   = self
-            s.authors  = ["bundler team"]
-            s.bindir   = "exe"
-            s.homepage = "https://bundler.io"
-            s.summary  = "The best way to manage your application's dependencies"
-            s.executables = %w[bundle]
-            # can't point to the actual gemspec or else the require paths will be wrong
-            s.loaded_from = __dir__
-          end
-
-          if local_spec = Bundler.rubygems.find_bundler(VERSION)
+          if local_spec = Gem.loaded_specs["bundler"]
             idx << local_spec
+          else
+            idx << Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+              s.name     = "bundler"
+              s.version  = VERSION
+              s.license  = "MIT"
+              s.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
+              s.authors  = ["bundler team"]
+              s.bindir   = "exe"
+              s.homepage = "https://bundler.io"
+              s.summary  = "The best way to manage your application's dependencies"
+              s.executables = %w[bundle]
+              # can't point to the actual gemspec or else the require paths will be wrong
+              s.loaded_from = __dir__
+            end
           end
 
           idx.each {|s| s.source = self }
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/path.rb b/lib/bundler/source/path.rb
index 672ecfd13b..978b0b2c9f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/path.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/path.rb
@@ -11,9 +11,10 @@ module Bundler
 
       protected :original_path
 
-      DEFAULT_GLOB = "{,*,*/*}.gemspec".freeze
+      DEFAULT_GLOB = "{,*,*/*}.gemspec"
 
       def initialize(options)
+        @checksum_store = Checksum::Store.new
         @options = options.dup
         @glob = options["glob"] || DEFAULT_GLOB
 
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ module Bundler
         using_message = "Using #{version_message(spec, options[:previous_spec])} from #{self}"
         using_message += " and installing its executables" unless spec.executables.empty?
         print_using_message using_message
-        generate_bin(spec, :disable_extensions => true)
+        generate_bin(spec, disable_extensions: true)
         nil # no post-install message
       end
 
@@ -224,22 +225,22 @@ module Bundler
 
         # Some gem authors put absolute paths in their gemspec
         # and we have to save them from themselves
-        spec.files = spec.files.map do |p|
-          next p unless p =~ /\A#{Pathname::SEPARATOR_PAT}/
-          next if File.directory?(p)
+        spec.files = spec.files.map do |path|
+          next path unless /\A#{Pathname::SEPARATOR_PAT}/o.match?(path)
+          next if File.directory?(path)
           begin
-            Pathname.new(p).relative_path_from(gem_dir).to_s
+            Pathname.new(path).relative_path_from(gem_dir).to_s
           rescue ArgumentError
-            p
+            path
           end
         end.compact
 
         installer = Path::Installer.new(
           spec,
-          :env_shebang => false,
-          :disable_extensions => options[:disable_extensions],
-          :build_args => options[:build_args],
-          :bundler_extension_cache_path => extension_cache_path(spec)
+          env_shebang: false,
+          disable_extensions: options[:disable_extensions],
+          build_args: options[:build_args],
+          bundler_extension_cache_path: extension_cache_path(spec)
         )
         installer.post_install
       rescue Gem::InvalidSpecificationException => e
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/path/installer.rb b/lib/bundler/source/path/installer.rb
index a70973bde7..0af28fe770 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/path/installer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/path/installer.rb
@@ -18,13 +18,7 @@ module Bundler
           @build_args         = options[:build_args] || Bundler.rubygems.build_args
           @gem_bin_dir        = "#{Bundler.rubygems.gem_dir}/bin"
           @disable_extensions = options[:disable_extensions]
-
-          if Bundler.requires_sudo?
-            @tmp_dir = Bundler.tmp(spec.full_name).to_s
-            @bin_dir = "#{@tmp_dir}/bin"
-          else
-            @bin_dir = @gem_bin_dir
-          end
+          @bin_dir = @gem_bin_dir
         end
 
         def post_install
@@ -38,25 +32,10 @@ module Bundler
           generate_bin unless spec.executables.empty?
 
           run_hooks(:post_install)
-        ensure
-          Bundler.rm_rf(@tmp_dir) if Bundler.requires_sudo?
         end
 
         private
 
-        def generate_bin
-          super
-
-          if Bundler.requires_sudo?
-            SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(@gem_bin_dir) do |p|
-              Bundler.mkdir_p(p)
-            end
-            spec.executables.each do |exe|
-              Bundler.sudo "cp -R #{@bin_dir}/#{exe} #{@gem_bin_dir}"
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
         def run_hooks(type)
           hooks_meth = "#{type}_hooks"
           return unless Gem.respond_to?(hooks_meth)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb b/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb
index a50934b315..04cfc0a850 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb
@@ -7,25 +7,27 @@ module Bundler
     class Rubygems < Source
       autoload :Remote, File.expand_path("rubygems/remote", __dir__)
 
-      # Use the API when installing less than X gems
-      API_REQUEST_LIMIT = 500
       # Ask for X gems per API request
       API_REQUEST_SIZE = 50
 
-      attr_reader :remotes, :caches
+      attr_reader :remotes
 
       def initialize(options = {})
         @options = options
         @remotes = []
         @dependency_names = []
         @allow_remote = false
-        @allow_cached = false
+        @allow_cached = options["allow_cached"] || false
         @allow_local = options["allow_local"] || false
-        @caches = [cache_path, *Bundler.rubygems.gem_cache]
+        @checksum_store = Checksum::Store.new
 
         Array(options["remotes"]).reverse_each {|r| add_remote(r) }
       end
 
+      def caches
+        @caches ||= [cache_path, *Bundler.rubygems.gem_cache]
+      end
+
       def local_only!
         @specs = nil
         @allow_local = true
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def self.from_lock(options)
+        options["remotes"] = Array(options.delete("remote")).reverse
         new(options)
       end
 
@@ -122,16 +125,17 @@ module Bundler
         end
       end
       alias_method :name, :identifier
+      alias_method :to_gemfile, :identifier
 
       def specs
         @specs ||= begin
           # remote_specs usually generates a way larger Index than the other
-          # sources, and large_idx.use small_idx is way faster than
-          # small_idx.use large_idx.
-          idx = @allow_remote ? remote_specs.dup : Index.new
-          idx.use(cached_specs, :override_dupes) if @allow_cached || @allow_remote
-          idx.use(installed_specs, :override_dupes) if @allow_local
-          idx
+          # sources, and large_idx.merge! small_idx is way faster than
+          # small_idx.merge! large_idx.
+          index = @allow_remote ? remote_specs.dup : Index.new
+          index.merge!(cached_specs) if @allow_cached
+          index.merge!(installed_specs) if @allow_local
+          index
         end
       end
 
@@ -145,7 +149,7 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         if installed?(spec) && !force
-          print_using_message "Using #{version_message(spec)}"
+          print_using_message "Using #{version_message(spec, options[:previous_spec])}"
           return nil # no post-install message
         end
 
@@ -160,29 +164,21 @@ module Bundler
 
         return if Bundler.settings[:no_install]
 
-        if requires_sudo?
-          install_path = Bundler.tmp(spec.full_name)
-          bin_path     = install_path.join("bin")
-        else
-          install_path = rubygems_dir
-          bin_path     = Bundler.system_bindir
-        end
-
-        Bundler.mkdir_p bin_path, :no_sudo => true unless spec.executables.empty? || Bundler.rubygems.provides?(">= 2.7.5")
+        install_path = rubygems_dir
+        bin_path     = Bundler.system_bindir
 
         require_relative "../rubygems_gem_installer"
 
         installer = Bundler::RubyGemsGemInstaller.at(
           path,
-          :security_policy     => Bundler.rubygems.security_policies[Bundler.settings["trust-policy"]],
-          :install_dir         => install_path.to_s,
-          :bin_dir             => bin_path.to_s,
-          :ignore_dependencies => true,
-          :wrappers            => true,
-          :env_shebang         => true,
-          :build_args          => options[:build_args],
-          :bundler_expected_checksum => spec.respond_to?(:checksum) && spec.checksum,
-          :bundler_extension_cache_path => extension_cache_path(spec)
+          security_policy: Bundler.rubygems.security_policies[Bundler.settings["trust-policy"]],
+          install_dir: install_path.to_s,
+          bin_dir: bin_path.to_s,
+          ignore_dependencies: true,
+          wrappers: true,
+          env_shebang: true,
+          build_args: options[:build_args],
+          bundler_extension_cache_path: extension_cache_path(spec)
         )
 
         if spec.remote
@@ -200,6 +196,8 @@ module Bundler
           spec.__swap__(s)
         end
 
+        spec.source.checksum_store.register(spec, installer.gem_checksum)
+
         message = "Installing #{version_message(spec, options[:previous_spec])}"
         message += " with native extensions" if spec.extensions.any?
         Bundler.ui.confirm message
@@ -209,34 +207,7 @@ module Bundler
         spec.full_gem_path = installed_spec.full_gem_path
         spec.loaded_from = installed_spec.loaded_from
 
-        # SUDO HAX
-        if requires_sudo?
-          Bundler.rubygems.repository_subdirectories.each do |name|
-            src = File.join(install_path, name, "*")
-            dst = File.join(rubygems_dir, name)
-            if name == "extensions" && Dir.glob(src).any?
-              src = File.join(src, "*/*")
-              ext_src = Dir.glob(src).first
-              ext_src.gsub!(src[0..-6], "")
-              dst = File.dirname(File.join(dst, ext_src))
-            end
-            SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(dst) do |p|
-              Bundler.mkdir_p(p)
-            end
-            Bundler.sudo "cp -R #{src} #{dst}" if Dir[src].any?
-          end
-
-          spec.executables.each do |exe|
-            SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(Bundler.system_bindir) do |p|
-              Bundler.mkdir_p(p)
-            end
-            Bundler.sudo "cp -R #{install_path}/bin/#{exe} #{Bundler.system_bindir}/"
-          end
-        end
-
         spec.post_install_message
-      ensure
-        Bundler.rm_rf(install_path) if requires_sudo?
       end
 
       def cache(spec, custom_path = nil)
@@ -269,7 +240,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def spec_names
-        if @allow_remote && dependency_api_available?
+        if dependency_api_available?
           remote_specs.spec_names
         else
           []
@@ -277,22 +248,25 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def unmet_deps
-        if @allow_remote && dependency_api_available?
+        if dependency_api_available?
           remote_specs.unmet_dependency_names
         else
           []
         end
       end
 
-      def fetchers
-        @fetchers ||= remotes.map do |uri|
+      def remote_fetchers
+        @remote_fetchers ||= remotes.to_h do |uri|
           remote = Source::Rubygems::Remote.new(uri)
-          Bundler::Fetcher.new(remote)
-        end
+          [remote, Bundler::Fetcher.new(remote)]
+        end.freeze
+      end
+
+      def fetchers
+        @fetchers ||= remote_fetchers.values.freeze
       end
 
       def double_check_for(unmet_dependency_names)
-        return unless @allow_remote
         return unless dependency_api_available?
 
         unmet_dependency_names = unmet_dependency_names.call
@@ -307,7 +281,9 @@ module Bundler
 
         Bundler.ui.debug "Double checking for #{unmet_dependency_names || "all specs (due to the size of the request)"} in #{self}"
 
-        fetch_names(api_fetchers, unmet_dependency_names, specs, false)
+        fetch_names(api_fetchers, unmet_dependency_names, remote_specs)
+
+        specs.use remote_specs
       end
 
       def dependency_names_to_double_check
@@ -326,7 +302,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def dependency_api_available?
-        api_fetchers.any?
+        @allow_remote && api_fetchers.any?
       end
 
       protected
@@ -360,9 +336,9 @@ module Bundler
 
       def cached_path(spec)
         global_cache_path = download_cache_path(spec)
-        @caches << global_cache_path if global_cache_path
+        caches << global_cache_path if global_cache_path
 
-        possibilities = @caches.map {|p| package_path(p, spec) }
+        possibilities = caches.map {|p| package_path(p, spec) }
         possibilities.find {|p| File.exist?(p) }
       end
 
@@ -371,12 +347,11 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def normalize_uri(uri)
-        uri = uri.to_s
-        uri = "#{uri}/" unless uri =~ %r{/$}
+        uri = URINormalizer.normalize_suffix(uri.to_s)
         require_relative "../vendored_uri"
-        uri = Bundler::URI(uri)
+        uri = Gem::URI(uri)
         raise ArgumentError, "The source must be an absolute URI. For example:\n" \
-          "source 'https://rubygems.org'" if !uri.absolute? || (uri.is_a?(Bundler::URI::HTTP) && uri.host.nil?)
+          "source 'https://rubygems.org'" if !uri.absolute? || (uri.is_a?(Gem::URI::HTTP) && uri.host.nil?)
         uri
       end
 
@@ -412,10 +387,9 @@ module Bundler
 
       def cached_specs
         @cached_specs ||= begin
-          idx = @allow_local ? installed_specs.dup : Index.new
+          idx = Index.new
 
           Dir["#{cache_path}/*.gem"].each do |gemfile|
-            next if gemfile =~ /^bundler\-[\d\.]+?\.gem/
             s ||= Bundler.rubygems.spec_from_gem(gemfile)
             s.source = self
             idx << s
@@ -426,36 +400,30 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def api_fetchers
-        fetchers.select {|f| f.use_api && f.fetchers.first.api_fetcher? }
+        fetchers.select(&:api_fetcher?)
       end
 
       def remote_specs
         @remote_specs ||= Index.build do |idx|
           index_fetchers = fetchers - api_fetchers
 
-          # gather lists from non-api sites
-          fetch_names(index_fetchers, nil, idx, false)
-
-          # because ensuring we have all the gems we need involves downloading
-          # the gemspecs of those gems, if the non-api sites contain more than
-          # about 500 gems, we treat all sites as non-api for speed.
-          allow_api = idx.size < API_REQUEST_LIMIT && dependency_names.size < API_REQUEST_LIMIT
-          Bundler.ui.debug "Need to query more than #{API_REQUEST_LIMIT} gems." \
-            " Downloading full index instead..." unless allow_api
-
-          fetch_names(api_fetchers, allow_api && dependency_names, idx, false)
+          if index_fetchers.empty?
+            fetch_names(api_fetchers, dependency_names, idx)
+          else
+            fetch_names(fetchers, nil, idx)
+          end
         end
       end
 
-      def fetch_names(fetchers, dependency_names, index, override_dupes)
+      def fetch_names(fetchers, dependency_names, index)
         fetchers.each do |f|
           if dependency_names
             Bundler.ui.info "Fetching gem metadata from #{URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(f.uri)}", Bundler.ui.debug?
-            index.use f.specs_with_retry(dependency_names, self), override_dupes
+            index.use f.specs_with_retry(dependency_names, self)
             Bundler.ui.info "" unless Bundler.ui.debug? # new line now that the dots are over
           else
             Bundler.ui.info "Fetching source index from #{URICredentialsFilter.credential_filtered_uri(f.uri)}"
-            index.use f.specs_with_retry(nil, self), override_dupes
+            index.use f.specs_with_retry(nil, self)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -475,38 +443,18 @@ module Bundler
         gem_path = package_path(cache_path, spec)
         return gem_path if File.exist?(gem_path)
 
-        if requires_sudo?
-          download_path = Bundler.tmp(spec.full_name)
-          download_cache_path = default_cache_path_for(download_path)
-        else
-          download_cache_path = cache_path
-        end
-
-        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(download_cache_path) do |p|
+        SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(cache_path) do |p|
           FileUtils.mkdir_p(p)
         end
-        download_gem(spec, download_cache_path, previous_spec)
-
-        if requires_sudo?
-          SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(cache_path) do |p|
-            Bundler.mkdir_p(p)
-          end
-          Bundler.sudo "mv #{package_path(download_cache_path, spec)} #{gem_path}"
-        end
+        download_gem(spec, cache_path, previous_spec)
 
         gem_path
-      ensure
-        Bundler.rm_rf(download_path) if requires_sudo?
       end
 
       def installed?(spec)
         installed_specs[spec].any? && !spec.deleted_gem?
       end
 
-      def requires_sudo?
-        Bundler.requires_sudo?
-      end
-
       def rubygems_dir
         Bundler.bundle_path
       end
@@ -536,7 +484,8 @@ module Bundler
       def download_gem(spec, download_cache_path, previous_spec = nil)
         uri = spec.remote.uri
         Bundler.ui.confirm("Fetching #{version_message(spec, previous_spec)}")
-        Bundler.rubygems.download_gem(spec, uri, download_cache_path)
+        gem_remote_fetcher = remote_fetchers.fetch(spec.remote).gem_remote_fetcher
+        Bundler.rubygems.download_gem(spec, uri, download_cache_path, gem_remote_fetcher)
       end
 
       # Returns the global cache path of the calling Rubygems::Source object.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source/rubygems/remote.rb b/lib/bundler/source/rubygems/remote.rb
index 82c850ffbb..9c5c06de24 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source/rubygems/remote.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source/rubygems/remote.rb
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ module Bundler
           end
 
           uri
-        rescue Bundler::URI::InvalidComponentError
+        rescue Gem::URI::InvalidComponentError
           error_message = "Please CGI escape your usernames and passwords before " \
                           "setting them for authentication."
           raise HTTPError.new(error_message)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/source_list.rb b/lib/bundler/source_list.rb
index 6ea2910d18..d85e1c1c01 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/source_list.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/source_list.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ module Bundler
       :metadata_source
 
     def global_rubygems_source
-      @global_rubygems_source ||= rubygems_aggregate_class.new("allow_local" => true)
+      @global_rubygems_source ||= rubygems_aggregate_class.new("allow_local" => true, "allow_cached" => true)
     end
 
     def initialize
@@ -101,10 +101,6 @@ module Bundler
       source_list_for(source).find {|s| equivalent_source?(source, s) }
     end
 
-    def get_with_fallback(source)
-      get(source) || default_source
-    end
-
     def lock_sources
       lock_other_sources + lock_rubygems_sources
     end
@@ -161,18 +157,24 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def map_sources(replacement_sources)
-      [@rubygems_sources, @path_sources, @git_sources, @plugin_sources].map do |sources|
+      rubygems, git, plugin = [@rubygems_sources, @git_sources, @plugin_sources].map do |sources|
         sources.map do |source|
           replacement_sources.find {|s| s == source } || source
         end
       end
+
+      path = @path_sources.map do |source|
+        replacement_sources.find {|s| s == (source.is_a?(Source::Gemspec) ? source.as_path_source : source) } || source
+      end
+
+      [rubygems, path, git, plugin]
     end
 
     def global_replacement_source(replacement_sources)
       replacement_source = replacement_sources.find {|s| s == global_rubygems_source }
       return global_rubygems_source unless replacement_source
 
-      replacement_source.local!
+      replacement_source.cached!
       replacement_source
     end
 
@@ -206,7 +208,7 @@ module Bundler
     def warn_on_git_protocol(source)
       return if Bundler.settings["git.allow_insecure"]
 
-      if source.uri =~ /^git\:/
+      if /^git\:/.match?(source.uri)
         Bundler.ui.warn "The git source `#{source.uri}` uses the `git` protocol, " \
           "which transmits data without encryption. Disable this warning with " \
           "`bundle config set --local git.allow_insecure true`, or switch to the `https` " \
diff --git a/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb b/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb
index 4965ca9e60..96e1403bf7 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ module Bundler
 
         name = dep[0].name
         platform = dep[1]
+        incomplete = false
 
         key = [name, platform]
         next if handled.key?(key)
@@ -36,31 +37,72 @@ module Bundler
 
           specs_for_dep.first.dependencies.each do |d|
             next if d.type == :development
+            incomplete = true if d.name != "bundler" && lookup[d.name].nil?
             deps << [d, dep[1]]
           end
-        elsif check
-          @incomplete_specs += lookup[name]
+        else
+          incomplete = true
         end
+
+        if incomplete && check
+          @incomplete_specs += lookup[name] || [LazySpecification.new(name, nil, nil)]
+        end
+      end
+
+      specs.uniq
+    end
+
+    def add_extra_platforms!(platforms)
+      return platforms.concat([Gem::Platform::RUBY]).uniq if @specs.empty?
+
+      new_platforms = all_platforms.select do |platform|
+        next if platforms.include?(platform)
+        next unless GemHelpers.generic(platform) == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+
+        complete_platform(platform)
       end
+      return platforms if new_platforms.empty?
+
+      platforms.concat(new_platforms)
 
-      specs
+      less_specific_platform = new_platforms.find {|platform| platform != Gem::Platform::RUBY && Bundler.local_platform === platform }
+      platforms.delete(Bundler.local_platform) if less_specific_platform
+
+      platforms
+    end
+
+    def complete_platforms!(platforms)
+      platforms.each do |platform|
+        complete_platform(platform)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def validate_deps(s)
+      s.runtime_dependencies.each do |dep|
+        next if dep.name == "bundler"
+
+        return :missing unless names.include?(dep.name)
+        return :invalid if none? {|spec| dep.matches_spec?(spec) }
+      end
+
+      :valid
     end
 
     def [](key)
       key = key.name if key.respond_to?(:name)
-      lookup[key].reverse
+      lookup[key]&.reverse || []
     end
 
     def []=(key, value)
       @specs << value
-      @lookup = nil
-      @sorted = nil
+
+      reset!
     end
 
-    def delete(spec)
-      @specs.delete(spec)
-      @lookup = nil
-      @sorted = nil
+    def delete(specs)
+      specs.each {|spec| @specs.delete(spec) }
+
+      reset!
     end
 
     def sort!
@@ -94,8 +136,12 @@ module Bundler
       end
     end
 
-    def incomplete_ruby_specs?(deps)
-      self.for(deps, true, [Gem::Platform::RUBY])
+    def incomplete_for_platform?(deps, platform)
+      return false if @specs.empty?
+
+      @incomplete_specs = []
+
+      self.for(deps, true, [platform])
 
       @incomplete_specs.any?
     end
@@ -104,22 +150,22 @@ module Bundler
       @specs.select {|s| s.is_a?(LazySpecification) }
     end
 
-    def merge(set)
-      arr = sorted.dup
-      set.each do |set_spec|
-        full_name = set_spec.full_name
-        next if arr.any? {|spec| spec.full_name == full_name }
-        arr << set_spec
-      end
-      SpecSet.new(arr)
+    def -(other)
+      SpecSet.new(to_a - other.to_a)
     end
 
     def find_by_name_and_platform(name, platform)
       @specs.detect {|spec| spec.name == name && spec.match_platform(platform) }
     end
 
+    def delete_by_name(name)
+      @specs.reject! {|spec| spec.name == name }
+
+      reset!
+    end
+
     def what_required(spec)
-      unless req = find {|s| s.dependencies.any? {|d| d.type == :runtime && d.name == spec.name } }
+      unless req = find {|s| s.runtime_dependencies.any? {|d| d.name == spec.name } }
         return [spec]
       end
       what_required(req) << spec
@@ -145,8 +191,52 @@ module Bundler
       sorted.each(&b)
     end
 
+    def names
+      lookup.keys
+    end
+
     private
 
+    def reset!
+      @sorted = nil
+      @lookup = nil
+    end
+
+    def complete_platform(platform)
+      new_specs = []
+
+      valid_platform = lookup.all? do |_, specs|
+        spec = specs.first
+        matching_specs = spec.source.specs.search([spec.name, spec.version])
+        platform_spec = GemHelpers.select_best_platform_match(matching_specs, platform).find do |s|
+          s.matches_current_metadata? && valid_dependencies?(s)
+        end
+
+        if platform_spec
+          new_specs << LazySpecification.from_spec(platform_spec) unless specs.include?(platform_spec)
+          true
+        else
+          false
+        end
+      end
+
+      if valid_platform && new_specs.any?
+        @specs.concat(new_specs)
+
+        reset!
+      end
+
+      valid_platform
+    end
+
+    def all_platforms
+      @specs.flat_map {|spec| spec.source.specs.search([spec.name, spec.version]).map(&:platform) }.uniq
+    end
+
+    def valid_dependencies?(s)
+      validate_deps(s) == :valid
+    end
+
     def sorted
       rake = @specs.find {|s| s.name == "rake" }
       begin
@@ -155,7 +245,7 @@ module Bundler
         cgems = extract_circular_gems(error)
         raise CyclicDependencyError, "Your bundle requires gems that depend" \
           " on each other, creating an infinite loop. Please remove either" \
-          " gem '#{cgems[1]}' or gem '#{cgems[0]}' and try again."
+          " gem '#{cgems[0]}' or gem '#{cgems[1]}' and try again."
       end
     end
 
@@ -165,8 +255,9 @@ module Bundler
 
     def lookup
       @lookup ||= begin
-        lookup = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = [] }
-        Index.sort_specs(@specs).reverse_each do |s|
+        lookup = {}
+        @specs.each do |s|
+          lookup[s.name] ||= []
           lookup[s.name] << s
         end
         lookup
@@ -180,18 +271,25 @@ module Bundler
 
     def specs_for_dependency(dep, platform)
       specs_for_name = lookup[dep.name]
-      if platform.nil?
-        matching_specs = specs_for_name.map {|s| s.materialize_for_installation if Gem::Platform.match_spec?(s) }.compact
-        GemHelpers.sort_best_platform_match(matching_specs, Bundler.local_platform)
+      return [] unless specs_for_name
+
+      matching_specs = if dep.force_ruby_platform
+        GemHelpers.force_ruby_platform(specs_for_name)
       else
-        GemHelpers.select_best_platform_match(specs_for_name, dep.force_ruby_platform ? Gem::Platform::RUBY : platform)
+        GemHelpers.select_best_platform_match(specs_for_name, platform || Bundler.local_platform)
       end
+      matching_specs.map!(&:materialize_for_installation).compact! if platform.nil?
+      matching_specs
     end
 
     def tsort_each_child(s)
       s.dependencies.sort_by(&:name).each do |d|
         next if d.type == :development
-        lookup[d.name].each {|s2| yield s2 }
+
+        specs_for_name = lookup[d.name]
+        next unless specs_for_name
+
+        specs_for_name.each {|s2| yield s2 }
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/stub_specification.rb b/lib/bundler/stub_specification.rb
index 88a4257fa4..da830cf8d4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/stub_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/stub_specification.rb
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ module Bundler
       spec
     end
 
+    attr_reader :checksum
     attr_accessor :stub, :ignored
 
     def source=(source)
@@ -16,7 +17,8 @@ module Bundler
       # Stub has no concept of source, which means that extension_dir may be wrong
       # This is the case for git-based gems. So, instead manually assign the extension dir
       return unless source.respond_to?(:extension_dir_name)
-      path = File.join(stub.extensions_dir, source.extension_dir_name)
+      unique_extension_dir = [source.extension_dir_name, File.basename(full_gem_path)].uniq.join("-")
+      path = File.join(stub.extensions_dir, unique_extension_dir)
       stub.extension_dir = File.expand_path(path)
     end
 
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def gem_build_complete_path
-      File.join(extension_dir, "gem.build_complete")
+      stub.gem_build_complete_path
     end
 
     def default_gem?
@@ -108,6 +110,7 @@ module Bundler
         end
 
         rs.source = source
+        rs.base_dir = stub.base_dir
 
         rs
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/Executable.bundler b/lib/bundler/templates/Executable.bundler
index 77f90e735c..caa2021701 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/Executable.bundler
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/Executable.bundler
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ m = Module.new do
     bundler_version = nil
     update_index = nil
     ARGV.each_with_index do |a, i|
-      if update_index && update_index.succ == i && a =~ Gem::Version::ANCHORED_VERSION_PATTERN
+      if update_index && update_index.succ == i && a.match?(Gem::Version::ANCHORED_VERSION_PATTERN)
         bundler_version = a
       end
       next unless a =~ /\A--bundler(?:[= ](#{Gem::Version::VERSION_PATTERN}))?\z/
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ m = Module.new do
   def lockfile
     lockfile =
       case File.basename(gemfile)
-      when "gems.rb" then gemfile.sub(/\.rb$/, gemfile)
+      when "gems.rb" then gemfile.sub(/\.rb$/, ".locked")
       else "#{gemfile}.lock"
       end
     File.expand_path(lockfile)
@@ -72,13 +72,7 @@ m = Module.new do
 
     bundler_gem_version = Gem::Version.new(version)
 
-    requirement = bundler_gem_version.approximate_recommendation
-
-    return requirement unless Gem.rubygems_version < Gem::Version.new("2.7.0")
-
-    requirement += ".a" if bundler_gem_version.prerelease?
-
-    requirement
+    bundler_gem_version.approximate_recommendation
   end
 
   def load_bundler!
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/gems.rb b/lib/bundler/templates/gems.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d2403f18b2..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/gems.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-source "https://rubygems.org"
-
-# gem "rails"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f5a460c9bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# This Cargo.toml is here to let externals tools (IDEs, etc.) know that this is
+# a Rust project. Your extensions dependencies should be added to the Cargo.toml
+# in the ext/ directory.
+
+[workspace]
+members = ["./ext/<%= config[:name] %>"]
+resolver = "2"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Gemfile.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Gemfile.tt
index de82a63c5f..a0d2ac2826 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Gemfile.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Gemfile.tt
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ gem "rake", "~> 13.0"
 <%- if config[:ext] -%>
 
 gem "rake-compiler"
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+gem "rb_sys", "~> 0.9.63"
+<%- end -%>
 <%- end -%>
 <%- if config[:test] -%>
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/README.md.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/README.md.tt
index a60c7967ec..5bf36378e8 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/README.md.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/README.md.tt
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 # <%= config[:constant_name] %>
 
-Welcome to your new gem! In this directory, you'll find the files you need to be able to package up your Ruby library into a gem. Put your Ruby code in the file `lib/<%= config[:namespaced_path] %>`. To experiment with that code, run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt.
+TODO: Delete this and the text below, and describe your gem
 
-TODO: Delete this and the text above, and describe your gem
+Welcome to your new gem! In this directory, you'll find the files you need to be able to package up your Ruby library into a gem. Put your Ruby code in the file `lib/<%= config[:namespaced_path] %>`. To experiment with that code, run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt.
 
 ## Installation
 
+TODO: Replace `UPDATE_WITH_YOUR_GEM_NAME_IMMEDIATELY_AFTER_RELEASE_TO_RUBYGEMS_ORG` with your gem name right after releasing it to RubyGems.org. Please do not do it earlier due to security reasons. Alternatively, replace this section with instructions to install your gem from git if you don't plan to release to RubyGems.org.
+
 Install the gem and add to the application's Gemfile by executing:
 
-    $ bundle add <%= config[:name] %>
+    $ bundle add UPDATE_WITH_YOUR_GEM_NAME_IMMEDIATELY_AFTER_RELEASE_TO_RUBYGEMS_ORG
 
 If bundler is not being used to manage dependencies, install the gem by executing:
 
-    $ gem install <%= config[:name] %>
+    $ gem install UPDATE_WITH_YOUR_GEM_NAME_IMMEDIATELY_AFTER_RELEASE_TO_RUBYGEMS_ORG
 
 ## Usage
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Rakefile.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Rakefile.tt
index b02ada9b6c..172183d4b4 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Rakefile.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/Rakefile.tt
@@ -4,13 +4,9 @@ require "bundler/gem_tasks"
 <% default_task_names = [config[:test_task]].compact -%>
 <% case config[:test] -%>
 <% when "minitest" -%>
-require "rake/testtask"
+require "minitest/test_task"
 
-Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
-  t.libs << "test"
-  t.libs << "lib"
-  t.test_files = FileList["test/**/test_*.rb"]
-end
+Minitest::TestTask.create
 
 <% when "test-unit" -%>
 require "rake/testtask"
@@ -39,14 +35,29 @@ require "standard/rake"
 
 <% end -%>
 <% if config[:ext] -%>
-<% default_task_names.unshift(:clobber, :compile) -%>
+<% default_task_names.unshift(:compile) -%>
+<% default_task_names.unshift(:clobber) unless config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+<% if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+require "rb_sys/extensiontask"
+
+task build: :compile
+
+GEMSPEC = Gem::Specification.load("<%= config[:underscored_name] %>.gemspec")
+
+RbSys::ExtensionTask.new(<%= config[:name].inspect %>, GEMSPEC) do |ext|
+  ext.lib_dir = "lib/<%= config[:namespaced_path] %>"
+end
+<% else -%>
 require "rake/extensiontask"
 
 task build: :compile
 
-Rake::ExtensionTask.new("<%= config[:underscored_name] %>") do |ext|
+GEMSPEC = Gem::Specification.load("<%= config[:underscored_name] %>.gemspec")
+
+Rake::ExtensionTask.new("<%= config[:underscored_name] %>", GEMSPEC) do |ext|
   ext.lib_dir = "lib/<%= config[:namespaced_path] %>"
 end
+<% end -%>
 
 <% end -%>
 <% if default_task_names.size == 1 -%>
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/bin/console.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/bin/console.tt
index 08dfaaef69..c91ee65f93 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/bin/console.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/bin/console.tt
@@ -7,9 +7,5 @@ require "<%= config[:namespaced_path] %>"
 # You can add fixtures and/or initialization code here to make experimenting
 # with your gem easier. You can also use a different console, if you like.
 
-# (If you use this, don't forget to add pry to your Gemfile!)
-# require "pry"
-# Pry.start
-
 require "irb"
 IRB.start(__FILE__)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/circleci/config.yml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/circleci/config.yml.tt
index 79fd0dcc0f..f40f029bf1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/circleci/config.yml.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/circleci/config.yml.tt
@@ -3,8 +3,20 @@ jobs:
   build:
     docker:
       - image: ruby:<%= RUBY_VERSION %>
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+    environment:
+      RB_SYS_FORCE_INSTALL_RUST_TOOLCHAIN: 'true'
+<%- end -%>
     steps:
       - checkout
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+      - run:
+          name: Install Rust/Cargo dependencies
+          command: apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang
+      - run:
+          name: Install a RubyGems version that can compile rust extensions
+          command: gem update --system '<%= ::Gem.rubygems_version %>'
+<%- end -%>
       - run:
           name: Run the default task
           command: |
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ebce0e4a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/Cargo.toml.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[package]
+name = <%= config[:name].inspect %>
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+authors = ["<%= config[:author] %> <<%= config[:email] %>>"]
+<%- if config[:mit] -%>
+license = "MIT"
+<%- end -%>
+publish = false
+
+[lib]
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+magnus = { version = "0.6.2" }
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf-c.rb.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf-c.rb.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a0c5a3d09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf-c.rb.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "mkmf"
+
+# Makes all symbols private by default to avoid unintended conflict
+# with other gems. To explicitly export symbols you can use RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED
+# selectively, or entirely remove this flag.
+append_cflags("-fvisibility=hidden")
+
+create_makefile(<%= config[:makefile_path].inspect %>)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf-rust.rb.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf-rust.rb.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e24566a17a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf-rust.rb.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "mkmf"
+require "rb_sys/mkmf"
+
+create_rust_makefile(<%= config[:makefile_path].inspect %>)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf.rb.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf.rb.tt
deleted file mode 100644
index e918063ddf..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/extconf.rb.tt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require "mkmf"
-
-create_makefile(<%= config[:makefile_path].inspect %>)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/newgem.c.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/newgem.c.tt
index 8177c4d202..bcd5148569 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/newgem.c.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/newgem.c.tt
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 VALUE rb_m<%= config[:constant_array].join %>;
 
-void
+RUBY_FUNC_EXPORTED void
 Init_<%= config[:underscored_name] %>(void)
 {
   rb_m<%= config[:constant_array].join %> = rb_define_module(<%= config[:constant_name].inspect %>);
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/src/lib.rs.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/src/lib.rs.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba234529a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/ext/newgem/src/lib.rs.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+use magnus::{function, prelude::*, Error, Ruby};
+
+fn hello(subject: String) -> String {
+    format!("Hello from Rust, {subject}!")
+}
+
+#[magnus::init]
+fn init(ruby: &Ruby) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let module = ruby.<%= config[:constant_array].map {|c| "define_module(#{c.dump})?"}.join(".") %>;
+    module.define_singleton_method("hello", function!(hello, 1))?;
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/github/workflows/main.yml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/github/workflows/main.yml.tt
index 1ff4b58b7b..32b39558d8 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/github/workflows/main.yml.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/github/workflows/main.yml.tt
@@ -17,11 +17,21 @@ jobs:
           - '<%= RUBY_VERSION %>'
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+    - name: Set up Ruby & Rust
+      uses: oxidize-rb/actions/setup-ruby-and-rust@v1
+      with:
+        ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
+        bundler-cache: true
+        cargo-cache: true
+        rubygems: '<%= ::Gem.rubygems_version %>'
+<%- else -%>
     - name: Set up Ruby
       uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
       with:
         ruby-version: ${{ matrix.ruby }}
         bundler-cache: true
+<%- end -%>
     - name: Run the default task
       run: bundle exec rake
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitignore.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitignore.tt
index b1c9f9986c..9b40ba5a58 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitignore.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitignore.tt
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 *.o
 *.a
 mkmf.log
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+target/
+<%- end -%>
 <%- end -%>
 <%- if config[:test] == "rspec" -%>
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitlab-ci.yml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitlab-ci.yml.tt
index 0e71ff26a4..d2e1f33736 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitlab-ci.yml.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/gitlab-ci.yml.tt
@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
-image: ruby:<%= RUBY_VERSION %>
+default:
+  image: ruby:<%= RUBY_VERSION %>
 
-before_script:
-  - gem install bundler -v <%= Bundler::VERSION %>
-  - bundle install
+  before_script:
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+    - apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang
+    - gem update --system '<%= ::Gem.rubygems_version %>'
+<%- end -%>
+    - gem install bundler -v <%= Bundler::VERSION %>
+    - bundle install
 
 example_job:
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+  variables:
+    RB_SYS_FORCE_INSTALL_RUST_TOOLCHAIN: 'true'
+<%- end -%>
   script:
     - bundle exec rake
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/newgem.gemspec.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/newgem.gemspec.tt
index ceb2e9b28d..6e88f4dab1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/newgem.gemspec.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/newgem.gemspec.tt
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.license = "MIT"
 <%- end -%>
   spec.required_ruby_version = ">= <%= config[:required_ruby_version] %>"
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+  spec.required_rubygems_version = ">= <%= config[:rust_builder_required_rubygems_version] %>"
+<%- end -%>
 
   spec.metadata["allowed_push_host"] = "TODO: Set to your gem server 'https://example.com'"
 
@@ -24,17 +27,22 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
 
   # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
   # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
-  spec.files = Dir.chdir(__dir__) do
-    `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject do |f|
-      (f == __FILE__) || f.match(%r{\A(?:(?:bin|test|spec|features)/|\.(?:git|travis|circleci)|appveyor)})
+  gemspec = File.basename(__FILE__)
+  spec.files = IO.popen(%w[git ls-files -z], chdir: __dir__, err: IO::NULL) do |ls|
+    ls.readlines("\x0", chomp: true).reject do |f|
+      (f == gemspec) ||
+        f.start_with?(*%w[bin/ test/ spec/ features/ .git <%= config[:ci_config_path] %>appveyor Gemfile])
     end
   end
   spec.bindir = "exe"
   spec.executables = spec.files.grep(%r{\Aexe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-<%- if config[:ext] -%>
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'c' -%>
   spec.extensions = ["ext/<%= config[:underscored_name] %>/extconf.rb"]
 <%- end -%>
+<%- if config[:ext] == 'rust' -%>
+  spec.extensions = ["ext/<%= config[:underscored_name] %>/Cargo.toml"]
+<%- end -%>
 
   # Uncomment to register a new dependency of your gem
   # spec.add_dependency "example-gem", "~> 1.0"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/rubocop.yml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/rubocop.yml.tt
index 9ecec78807..3d1c4ee7b2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/rubocop.yml.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/rubocop.yml.tt
@@ -2,12 +2,7 @@ AllCops:
   TargetRubyVersion: <%= ::Gem::Version.new(config[:required_ruby_version]).segments[0..1].join(".") %>
 
 Style/StringLiterals:
-  Enabled: true
   EnforcedStyle: double_quotes
 
 Style/StringLiteralsInInterpolation:
-  Enabled: true
   EnforcedStyle: double_quotes
-
-Layout/LineLength:
-  Max: 120
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/standard.yml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/standard.yml.tt
index 934b0b2c37..a0696cd2e9 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/standard.yml.tt
+++ b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/standard.yml.tt
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # For available configuration options, see:
-#   https://github.com/testdouble/standard
+#   https://github.com/standardrb/standard
 ruby_version: <%= ::Gem::Version.new(config[:required_ruby_version]).segments[0..1].join(".") %>
diff --git a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/travis.yml.tt b/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/travis.yml.tt
deleted file mode 100644
index eab16addca..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/templates/newgem/travis.yml.tt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
----
-language: ruby
-cache: bundler
-rvm:
-  - <%= RUBY_VERSION %>
-before_install: gem install bundler -v <%= Bundler::VERSION %>
diff --git a/lib/bundler/ui/rg_proxy.rb b/lib/bundler/ui/rg_proxy.rb
index ef6def225b..b17ca65f53 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/ui/rg_proxy.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/ui/rg_proxy.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
 
       def say(message)
-        @ui && @ui.debug(message)
+        @ui&.debug(message)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/ui/shell.rb b/lib/bundler/ui/shell.rb
index 384752a340..4555612dbb 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/ui/shell.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/ui/shell.rb
@@ -20,29 +20,52 @@ module Bundler
         @shell.set_color(string, *color)
       end
 
-      def info(msg, newline = nil)
-        tell_me(msg, nil, newline) if level("info")
+      def info(msg = nil, newline = nil)
+        return unless info?
+
+        tell_me(msg || yield, nil, newline)
       end
 
-      def confirm(msg, newline = nil)
-        tell_me(msg, :green, newline) if level("confirm")
+      def confirm(msg = nil, newline = nil)
+        return unless confirm?
+
+        tell_me(msg || yield, :green, newline)
       end
 
-      def warn(msg, newline = nil, color = :yellow)
-        return unless level("warn")
+      def warn(msg = nil, newline = nil, color = :yellow)
+        return unless warn?
         return if @warning_history.include? msg
         @warning_history << msg
 
-        tell_err(msg, color, newline)
+        tell_err(msg || yield, color, newline)
+      end
+
+      def error(msg = nil, newline = nil, color = :red)
+        return unless error?
+
+        tell_err(msg || yield, color, newline)
+      end
+
+      def debug(msg = nil, newline = nil)
+        return unless debug?
+
+        tell_me(msg || yield, nil, newline)
+      end
+
+      def info?
+        level("info")
+      end
+
+      def confirm?
+        level("confirm")
       end
 
-      def error(msg, newline = nil, color = :red)
-        return unless level("error")
-        tell_err(msg, color, newline)
+      def warn?
+        level("warn")
       end
 
-      def debug(msg, newline = nil)
-        tell_me(msg, nil, newline) if debug?
+      def error?
+        level("error")
       end
 
       def debug?
@@ -107,7 +130,7 @@ module Bundler
       def tell_err(message, color = nil, newline = nil)
         return if @shell.send(:stderr).closed?
 
-        newline ||= message.to_s !~ /( |\t)\Z/
+        newline ||= !message.to_s.match?(/( |\t)\Z/)
         message = word_wrap(message) if newline.is_a?(Hash) && newline[:wrap]
 
         color = nil if color && !$stderr.tty?
@@ -124,7 +147,7 @@ module Bundler
         spaces ? text.gsub(/#{spaces}/, "") : text
       end
 
-      def word_wrap(text, line_width = @shell.terminal_width)
+      def word_wrap(text, line_width = Thor::Terminal.terminal_width)
         strip_leading_spaces(text).split("\n").collect do |line|
           line.length > line_width ? line.gsub(/(.{1,#{line_width}})(\s+|$)/, "\\1\n").strip : line
         end * "\n"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/ui/silent.rb b/lib/bundler/ui/silent.rb
index dca1b2ac86..fa3292bdc9 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/ui/silent.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/ui/silent.rb
@@ -13,30 +13,46 @@ module Bundler
         string
       end
 
-      def info(message, newline = nil)
+      def info(message = nil, newline = nil)
       end
 
-      def confirm(message, newline = nil)
+      def confirm(message = nil, newline = nil)
       end
 
-      def warn(message, newline = nil)
+      def warn(message = nil, newline = nil)
         @warnings |= [message]
       end
 
-      def error(message, newline = nil)
+      def error(message = nil, newline = nil)
       end
 
-      def debug(message, newline = nil)
+      def debug(message = nil, newline = nil)
+      end
+
+      def confirm?
+        false
+      end
+
+      def error?
+        false
       end
 
       def debug?
         false
       end
 
+      def info?
+        false
+      end
+
       def quiet?
         false
       end
 
+      def warn?
+        false
+      end
+
       def ask(message)
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/uri_credentials_filter.rb b/lib/bundler/uri_credentials_filter.rb
index ccfaf0bc5d..a83f5304e2 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/uri_credentials_filter.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/uri_credentials_filter.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module Bundler
         return uri if File.exist?(uri)
 
         require_relative "vendored_uri"
-        uri = Bundler::URI(uri)
+        uri = Gem::URI(uri)
       end
 
       if uri.userinfo
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module Bundler
       end
       return uri.to_s if uri_to_anonymize.is_a?(String)
       uri
-    rescue Bundler::URI::InvalidURIError # uri is not canonical uri scheme
+    rescue Gem::URI::InvalidURIError # uri is not canonical uri scheme
       uri
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/uri_normalizer.rb b/lib/bundler/uri_normalizer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad08593256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/uri_normalizer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  module URINormalizer
+    module_function
+
+    # Normalizes uri to a consistent version, either with or without trailing
+    # slash.
+    #
+    # TODO: Currently gem sources are locked with a trailing slash, while git
+    # sources are locked without a trailing slash. This should be normalized but
+    # the inconsistency is there for now to avoid changing all lockfiles
+    # including GIT sources. We could normalize this on the next major.
+    #
+    def normalize_suffix(uri, trailing_slash: true)
+      if trailing_slash
+        uri.end_with?("/") ? uri : "#{uri}/"
+      else
+        uri.end_with?("/") ? uri.delete_suffix("/") : uri
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/optparse/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/.document
index 0c43bbd6b3..0c43bbd6b3 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/optparse/.document
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/.document
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool.rb
index 984c1c3dcb..317088a866 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-require "timeout"
+require_relative "../../../vendored_timeout"
 require_relative "connection_pool/version"
 
 class Bundler::ConnectionPool
   class Error < ::RuntimeError; end
+
   class PoolShuttingDownError < ::Bundler::ConnectionPool::Error; end
-  class TimeoutError < ::Timeout::Error; end
+
+  class TimeoutError < ::Gem::Timeout::Error; end
 end
 
 # Generic connection pool class for sharing a limited number of objects or network connections
@@ -34,14 +36,57 @@ end
 # Accepts the following options:
 # - :size - number of connections to pool, defaults to 5
 # - :timeout - amount of time to wait for a connection if none currently available, defaults to 5 seconds
+# - :auto_reload_after_fork - automatically drop all connections after fork, defaults to true
 #
 class Bundler::ConnectionPool
-  DEFAULTS = {size: 5, timeout: 5}
+  DEFAULTS = {size: 5, timeout: 5, auto_reload_after_fork: true}
 
   def self.wrap(options, &block)
     Wrapper.new(options, &block)
   end
 
+  if Process.respond_to?(:fork)
+    INSTANCES = ObjectSpace::WeakMap.new
+    private_constant :INSTANCES
+
+    def self.after_fork
+      INSTANCES.values.each do |pool|
+        next unless pool.auto_reload_after_fork
+
+        # We're on after fork, so we know all other threads are dead.
+        # All we need to do is to ensure the main thread doesn't have a
+        # checked out connection
+        pool.checkin(force: true)
+        pool.reload do |connection|
+          # Unfortunately we don't know what method to call to close the connection,
+          # so we try the most common one.
+          connection.close if connection.respond_to?(:close)
+        end
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    if ::Process.respond_to?(:_fork) # MRI 3.1+
+      module ForkTracker
+        def _fork
+          pid = super
+          if pid == 0
+            Bundler::ConnectionPool.after_fork
+          end
+          pid
+        end
+      end
+      Process.singleton_class.prepend(ForkTracker)
+    end
+  else
+    INSTANCES = nil
+    private_constant :INSTANCES
+
+    def self.after_fork
+      # noop
+    end
+  end
+
   def initialize(options = {}, &block)
     raise ArgumentError, "Connection pool requires a block" unless block
 
@@ -49,10 +94,12 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool
 
     @size = Integer(options.fetch(:size))
     @timeout = options.fetch(:timeout)
+    @auto_reload_after_fork = options.fetch(:auto_reload_after_fork)
 
     @available = TimedStack.new(@size, &block)
     @key = :"pool-#{@available.object_id}"
     @key_count = :"pool-#{@available.object_id}-count"
+    INSTANCES[self] = self if INSTANCES
   end
 
   def with(options = {})
@@ -67,7 +114,7 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool
       end
     end
   end
-  alias then with
+  alias_method :then, :with
 
   def checkout(options = {})
     if ::Thread.current[@key]
@@ -79,16 +126,16 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool
     end
   end
 
-  def checkin
+  def checkin(force: false)
     if ::Thread.current[@key]
-      if ::Thread.current[@key_count] == 1
+      if ::Thread.current[@key_count] == 1 || force
         @available.push(::Thread.current[@key])
         ::Thread.current[@key] = nil
         ::Thread.current[@key_count] = nil
       else
         ::Thread.current[@key_count] -= 1
       end
-    else
+    elsif !force
       raise Bundler::ConnectionPool::Error, "no connections are checked out"
     end
 
@@ -115,6 +162,8 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool
 
   # Size of this connection pool
   attr_reader :size
+  # Automatically drop all connections after fork
+  attr_reader :auto_reload_after_fork
 
   # Number of pool entries available for checkout at this instant.
   def available
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/timed_stack.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/timed_stack.rb
index a7b1cf06a8..35d1d7cc35 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/timed_stack.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/timed_stack.rb
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimedStack
       @resource.broadcast
     end
   end
-  alias << push
+  alias_method :<<, :push
 
   ##
   # Retrieves a connection from the stack.  If a connection is available it is
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimedStack
         return connection if connection
 
         to_wait = deadline - current_time
-        raise Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimeoutError, "Waited #{timeout} sec" if to_wait <= 0
+        raise Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimeoutError, "Waited #{timeout} sec, #{length}/#{@max} available" if to_wait <= 0
         @resource.wait(@mutex, to_wait)
       end
     end
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimedStack
   # +:reload+ is +true+.
 
   def shutdown(reload: false, &block)
-    raise ArgumentError, "shutdown must receive a block" unless block_given?
+    raise ArgumentError, "shutdown must receive a block" unless block
 
     @mutex.synchronize do
       @shutdown_block = block
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/version.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/version.rb
index 56ebf69902..384d6fc977 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/version.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 class Bundler::ConnectionPool
-  VERSION = "2.3.0"
+  VERSION = "2.4.1"
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/wrapper.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/wrapper.rb
index 880170c06b..dd796d1021 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/wrapper.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/connection_pool/lib/connection_pool/wrapper.rb
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ class Bundler::ConnectionPool
       METHODS.include?(id) || with { |c| c.respond_to?(id, *args) }
     end
 
-    # rubocop:disable Style/MethodMissingSuper
     # rubocop:disable Style/MissingRespondToMissing
     if ::RUBY_VERSION >= "3.0.0"
       def method_missing(name, *args, **kwargs, &block)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/tsort/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/fileutils/.document
index 0c43bbd6b3..0c43bbd6b3 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/tsort/.document
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/fileutils/.document
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/fileutils/lib/fileutils.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/fileutils/lib/fileutils.rb
index 8f8faf30c8..6db19caf6f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/fileutils/lib/fileutils.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/fileutils/lib/fileutils.rb
@@ -3,106 +3,184 @@
 begin
   require 'rbconfig'
 rescue LoadError
-  # for make mjit-headers
+  # for make rjit-headers
 end
 
+# Namespace for file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc.
 #
-# = fileutils.rb
+# == What's Here
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2000-2007 Minero Aoki
+# First, what’s elsewhere. \Module \Bundler::FileUtils:
 #
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
+# - Inherits from {class Object}[rdoc-ref:Object].
+# - Supplements {class File}[rdoc-ref:File]
+#   (but is not included or extended there).
 #
-# == module Bundler::FileUtils
+# Here, module \Bundler::FileUtils provides methods that are useful for:
 #
-# Namespace for several file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc.
+# - {Creating}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Creating].
+# - {Deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
+# - {Querying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Querying].
+# - {Setting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Setting].
+# - {Comparing}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Comparing].
+# - {Copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
+# - {Moving}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Moving].
+# - {Options}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Options].
 #
-# === Module Functions
+# === Creating
 #
-#   require 'bundler/vendor/fileutils/lib/fileutils'
+# - ::mkdir: Creates directories.
+# - ::mkdir_p, ::makedirs, ::mkpath: Creates directories,
+#   also creating ancestor directories as needed.
+# - ::link_entry: Creates a hard link.
+# - ::ln, ::link: Creates hard links.
+# - ::ln_s, ::symlink: Creates symbolic links.
+# - ::ln_sf: Creates symbolic links, overwriting if necessary.
+# - ::ln_sr: Creates symbolic links relative to targets
 #
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.cd(dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.cd(dir, **options) {|dir| block }
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.pwd()
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir(dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir(list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p(dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p(list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir(dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir(list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.ln(target, link, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.ln(targets, dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(target, link, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(targets, dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_sf(target, link, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.cp(src, dest, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.cp(list, dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r(src, dest, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r(list, dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.mv(src, dest, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.mv(list, dir, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.rm(list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r(list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_rf(list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.install(src, dest, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod(mode, list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod_R(mode, list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.chown(user, group, list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.chown_R(user, group, list, **options)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.touch(list, **options)
+# === Deleting
 #
-# Possible <tt>options</tt> are:
+# - ::remove_dir: Removes a directory and its descendants.
+# - ::remove_entry: Removes an entry, including its descendants if it is a directory.
+# - ::remove_entry_secure: Like ::remove_entry, but removes securely.
+# - ::remove_file: Removes a file entry.
+# - ::rm, ::remove: Removes entries.
+# - ::rm_f, ::safe_unlink: Like ::rm, but removes forcibly.
+# - ::rm_r: Removes entries and their descendants.
+# - ::rm_rf, ::rmtree: Like ::rm_r, but removes forcibly.
+# - ::rmdir: Removes directories.
 #
-# <tt>:force</tt> :: forced operation (rewrite files if exist, remove
-#                    directories if not empty, etc.);
-# <tt>:verbose</tt> :: print command to be run, in bash syntax, before
-#                      performing it;
-# <tt>:preserve</tt> :: preserve object's group, user and modification
-#                       time on copying;
-# <tt>:noop</tt> :: no changes are made (usable in combination with
-#                   <tt>:verbose</tt> which will print the command to run)
+# === Querying
 #
-# Each method documents the options that it honours. See also ::commands,
-# ::options and ::options_of methods to introspect which command have which
-# options.
+# - ::pwd, ::getwd: Returns the path to the working directory.
+# - ::uptodate?: Returns whether a given entry is newer than given other entries.
 #
-# All methods that have the concept of a "source" file or directory can take
-# either one file or a list of files in that argument.  See the method
-# documentation for examples.
+# === Setting
 #
-# There are some `low level' methods, which do not accept keyword arguments:
+# - ::cd, ::chdir: Sets the working directory.
+# - ::chmod: Sets permissions for an entry.
+# - ::chmod_R: Sets permissions for an entry and its descendants.
+# - ::chown: Sets the owner and group for entries.
+# - ::chown_R: Sets the owner and group for entries and their descendants.
+# - ::touch: Sets modification and access times for entries,
+#   creating if necessary.
 #
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.copy_stream(srcstream, deststream)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry(path, force = false)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path, force = false)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.remove_file(path, force = false)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.compare_file(path_a, path_b)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.compare_stream(stream_a, stream_b)
-#   Bundler::FileUtils.uptodate?(file, cmp_list)
+# === Comparing
 #
-# == module Bundler::FileUtils::Verbose
+# - ::compare_file, ::cmp, ::identical?: Returns whether two entries are identical.
+# - ::compare_stream: Returns whether two streams are identical.
 #
-# This module has all methods of Bundler::FileUtils module, but it outputs messages
-# before acting.  This equates to passing the <tt>:verbose</tt> flag to methods
-# in Bundler::FileUtils.
+# === Copying
 #
-# == module Bundler::FileUtils::NoWrite
+# - ::copy_entry: Recursively copies an entry.
+# - ::copy_file: Copies an entry.
+# - ::copy_stream: Copies a stream.
+# - ::cp, ::copy: Copies files.
+# - ::cp_lr: Recursively creates hard links.
+# - ::cp_r: Recursively copies files, retaining mode, owner, and group.
+# - ::install: Recursively copies files, optionally setting mode,
+#   owner, and group.
 #
-# This module has all methods of Bundler::FileUtils module, but never changes
-# files/directories.  This equates to passing the <tt>:noop</tt> flag to methods
-# in Bundler::FileUtils.
+# === Moving
 #
-# == module Bundler::FileUtils::DryRun
+# - ::mv, ::move: Moves entries.
 #
-# This module has all methods of Bundler::FileUtils module, but never changes
-# files/directories.  This equates to passing the <tt>:noop</tt> and
-# <tt>:verbose</tt> flags to methods in Bundler::FileUtils.
+# === Options
+#
+# - ::collect_method: Returns the names of methods that accept a given option.
+# - ::commands: Returns the names of methods that accept options.
+# - ::have_option?: Returns whether a given method accepts a given option.
+# - ::options: Returns all option names.
+# - ::options_of: Returns the names of the options for a given method.
+#
+# == Path Arguments
+#
+# Some methods in \Bundler::FileUtils accept _path_ arguments,
+# which are interpreted as paths to filesystem entries:
+#
+# - If the argument is a string, that value is the path.
+# - If the argument has method +:to_path+, it is converted via that method.
+# - If the argument has method +:to_str+, it is converted via that method.
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# Some examples here involve trees of file entries.
+# For these, we sometimes display trees using the
+# {tree command-line utility}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(command)],
+# which is a recursive directory-listing utility that produces
+# a depth-indented listing of files and directories.
+#
+# We use a helper method to launch the command and control the format:
+#
+#   def tree(dirpath = '.')
+#     command = "tree --noreport --charset=ascii #{dirpath}"
+#     system(command)
+#   end
+#
+# To illustrate:
+#
+#   tree('src0')
+#   # => src0
+#   #    |-- sub0
+#   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+#   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+#   #    `-- sub1
+#   #        |-- src2.txt
+#   #        `-- src3.txt
+#
+# == Avoiding the TOCTTOU Vulnerability
+#
+# For certain methods that recursively remove entries,
+# there is a potential vulnerability called the
+# {Time-of-check to time-of-use}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-of-check_to_time-of-use],
+# or TOCTTOU, vulnerability that can exist when:
+#
+# - An ancestor directory of the entry at the target path is world writable;
+#   such directories include <tt>/tmp</tt>.
+# - The directory tree at the target path includes:
+#
+#   - A world-writable descendant directory.
+#   - A symbolic link.
+#
+# To avoid that vulnerability, you can use this method to remove entries:
+#
+# - Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure: removes recursively
+#   if the target path points to a directory.
+#
+# Also available are these methods,
+# each of which calls \Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure:
+#
+# - Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r with keyword argument <tt>secure: true</tt>.
+# - Bundler::FileUtils.rm_rf with keyword argument <tt>secure: true</tt>.
+#
+# Finally, this method for moving entries calls \Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure
+# if the source and destination are on different file systems
+# (which means that the "move" is really a copy and remove):
+#
+# - Bundler::FileUtils.mv with keyword argument <tt>secure: true</tt>.
+#
+# \Method \Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure removes securely
+# by applying a special pre-process:
+#
+# - If the target path points to a directory, this method uses methods
+#   {File#chown}[rdoc-ref:File#chown]
+#   and {File#chmod}[rdoc-ref:File#chmod]
+#   in removing directories.
+# - The owner of the target directory should be either the current process
+#   or the super user (root).
+#
+# WARNING: You must ensure that *ALL* parent directories cannot be
+# moved by other untrusted users.  For example, parent directories
+# should not be owned by untrusted users, and should not be world
+# writable except when the sticky bit is set.
+#
+# For details of this security vulnerability, see Perl cases:
+#
+# - {CVE-2005-0448}[https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2005-0448].
+# - {CVE-2004-0452}[https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2004-0452].
 #
 module Bundler::FileUtils
-  VERSION = "1.4.1"
+  VERSION = "1.7.2"
 
   def self.private_module_function(name)   #:nodoc:
     module_function name
@@ -110,7 +188,11 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
 
   #
-  # Returns the name of the current directory.
+  # Returns a string containing the path to the current directory:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.pwd # => "/rdoc/fileutils"
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.cd.
   #
   def pwd
     Dir.pwd
@@ -120,19 +202,38 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias getwd pwd
   module_function :getwd
 
+  # Changes the working directory to the given +dir+, which
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments]:
+  #
+  # With no block given,
+  # changes the current directory to the directory at +dir+; returns zero:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.pwd # => "/rdoc/fileutils"
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd('..')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.pwd # => "/rdoc"
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd('fileutils')
+  #
+  # With a block given, changes the current directory to the directory
+  # at +dir+, calls the block with argument +dir+,
+  # and restores the original current directory; returns the block's value:
   #
-  # Changes the current directory to the directory +dir+.
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.pwd                                     # => "/rdoc/fileutils"
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd('..') { |arg| [arg, Bundler::FileUtils.pwd] } # => ["..", "/rdoc"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.pwd                                     # => "/rdoc/fileutils"
   #
-  # If this method is called with block, resumes to the previous
-  # working directory after the block execution has finished.
+  # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd('/')  # change directory
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd('/', verbose: true)   # change directory and report it
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cd('..')
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cd('fileutils')
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd('/') do  # change directory
-  #     # ...               # do something
-  #   end                   # return to original directory
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     cd ..
+  #     cd fileutils
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.pwd.
   #
   def cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block) # :yield: dir
     fu_output_message "cd #{dir}" if verbose
@@ -146,11 +247,19 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   module_function :chdir
 
   #
-  # Returns true if +new+ is newer than all +old_list+.
-  # Non-existent files are older than any file.
+  # Returns +true+ if the file at path +new+
+  # is newer than all the files at paths in array +old_list+;
+  # +false+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # Argument +new+ and the elements of +old_list+
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments]:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.uptodate?('Rakefile', ['Gemfile', 'README.md']) # => true
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.uptodate?('Gemfile', ['Rakefile', 'README.md']) # => false
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.uptodate?('hello.o', %w(hello.c hello.h)) or \
-  #       system 'make hello.o'
+  # A non-existent file is considered to be infinitely old.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.touch.
   #
   def uptodate?(new, old_list)
     return false unless File.exist?(new)
@@ -170,12 +279,39 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   private_module_function :remove_trailing_slash
 
   #
-  # Creates one or more directories.
+  # Creates directories at the paths in the given +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths);
+  # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise.
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # With no keyword arguments, creates a directory at each +path+ in +list+
+  # by calling: <tt>Dir.mkdir(path, mode)</tt>;
+  # see {Dir.mkdir}[rdoc-ref:Dir.mkdir]:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir(%w[tmp0 tmp1]) # => ["tmp0", "tmp1"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('tmp4')        # => ["tmp4"]
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>mode: <i>mode</i></tt> - also calls <tt>File.chmod(mode, path)</tt>;
+  #   see {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create directories.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir(%w[tmp0 tmp1], verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir(%w[tmp2 tmp3], mode: 0700, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     mkdir tmp0 tmp1
+  #     mkdir -m 700 tmp2 tmp3
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir 'test'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir %w(tmp data)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir 'notexist', noop: true  # Does not really create.
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir 'tmp', mode: 0700
+  # Raises an exception if any path points to an existing
+  # file or directory, or if for any reason a directory cannot be created.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p.
   #
   def mkdir(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -189,40 +325,56 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   module_function :mkdir
 
   #
-  # Creates a directory and all its parent directories.
-  # For example,
+  # Creates directories at the paths in the given +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths),
+  # also creating ancestor directories as needed;
+  # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise.
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # With no keyword arguments, creates a directory at each +path+ in +list+,
+  # along with any needed ancestor directories,
+  # by calling: <tt>Dir.mkdir(path, mode)</tt>;
+  # see {Dir.mkdir}[rdoc-ref:Dir.mkdir]:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p(%w[tmp0/tmp1 tmp2/tmp3]) # => ["tmp0/tmp1", "tmp2/tmp3"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p('tmp4/tmp5')             # => ["tmp4/tmp5"]
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>mode: <i>mode</i></tt> - also calls <tt>File.chmod(mode, path)</tt>;
+  #   see {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create directories.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p(%w[tmp0 tmp1], verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p(%w[tmp2 tmp3], mode: 0700, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p '/usr/local/lib/ruby'
+  #     mkdir -p tmp0 tmp1
+  #     mkdir -p -m 700 tmp2 tmp3
   #
-  # causes to make following directories, if they do not exist.
+  # Raises an exception if for any reason a directory cannot be created.
   #
-  # * /usr
-  # * /usr/local
-  # * /usr/local/lib
-  # * /usr/local/lib/ruby
+  # Bundler::FileUtils.mkpath and Bundler::FileUtils.makedirs are aliases for Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p.
   #
-  # You can pass several directories at a time in a list.
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir.
   #
   def mkdir_p(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
     fu_output_message "mkdir -p #{mode ? ('-m %03o ' % mode) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
     return *list if noop
 
-    list.map {|path| remove_trailing_slash(path)}.each do |path|
-      # optimize for the most common case
-      begin
-        fu_mkdir path, mode
-        next
-      rescue SystemCallError
-        next if File.directory?(path)
-      end
+    list.each do |item|
+      path = remove_trailing_slash(item)
 
       stack = []
-      until path == stack.last   # dirname("/")=="/", dirname("C:/")=="C:/"
+      until File.directory?(path) || File.dirname(path) == path
         stack.push path
         path = File.dirname(path)
       end
-      stack.pop                 # root directory should exist
       stack.reverse_each do |dir|
         begin
           fu_mkdir dir, mode
@@ -253,12 +405,39 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   private_module_function :fu_mkdir
 
   #
-  # Removes one or more directories.
+  # Removes directories at the paths in the given +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths);
+  # returns +list+, if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise.
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # With no keyword arguments, removes the directory at each +path+ in +list+,
+  # by calling: <tt>Dir.rmdir(path)</tt>;
+  # see {Dir.rmdir}[rdoc-ref:Dir.rmdir]:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir(%w[tmp0/tmp1 tmp2/tmp3]) # => ["tmp0/tmp1", "tmp2/tmp3"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir('tmp4/tmp5')             # => ["tmp4/tmp5"]
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>parents: true</tt> - removes successive ancestor directories
+  #   if empty.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not remove directories.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir %w(somedir anydir otherdir)
-  #   # Does not really remove directory; outputs message.
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir', verbose: true, noop: true
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir(%w[tmp0/tmp1 tmp2/tmp3], parents: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.rmdir('tmp4/tmp5', parents: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     rmdir -p tmp0/tmp1 tmp2/tmp3
+  #     rmdir -p tmp4/tmp5
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if a directory does not exist
+  # or if for any reason a directory cannot be removed.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rmdir(list, parents: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -279,26 +458,60 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :rmdir
 
+  # Creates {hard links}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_link].
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # When +src+ is the path to an existing file
+  # and +dest+ is the path to a non-existent file,
+  # creates a hard link at +dest+ pointing to +src+; returns zero:
+  #
+  #   Dir.children('tmp0/')                    # => ["t.txt"]
+  #   Dir.children('tmp1/')                    # => []
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln('tmp0/t.txt', 'tmp1/t.lnk') # => 0
+  #   Dir.children('tmp1/')                    # => ["t.lnk"]
+  #
+  # When +src+ is the path to an existing file
+  # and +dest+ is the path to an existing directory,
+  # creates a hard link at <tt>dest/src</tt> pointing to +src+; returns zero:
   #
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln(target, link, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln(target,  dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln(targets, dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+  #   Dir.children('tmp2')               # => ["t.dat"]
+  #   Dir.children('tmp3')               # => []
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln('tmp2/t.dat', 'tmp3') # => 0
+  #   Dir.children('tmp3')               # => ["t.dat"]
   #
-  # In the first form, creates a hard link +link+ which points to +target+.
-  # If +link+ already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST.
-  # But if the +force+ option is set, overwrites +link+.
+  # When +src+ is an array of paths to existing files
+  # and +dest+ is the path to an existing directory,
+  # then for each path +target+ in +src+,
+  # creates a hard link at <tt>dest/target</tt> pointing to +target+;
+  # returns +src+:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln 'gcc', 'cc', verbose: true
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln '/usr/bin/emacs21', '/usr/bin/emacs'
+  #   Dir.children('tmp4/')                               # => []
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln(['tmp0/t.txt', 'tmp2/t.dat'], 'tmp4/') # => ["tmp0/t.txt", "tmp2/t.dat"]
+  #   Dir.children('tmp4/')                               # => ["t.dat", "t.txt"]
   #
-  # In the second form, creates a link +dir/target+ pointing to +target+.
-  # In the third form, creates several hard links in the directory +dir+,
-  # pointing to each item in +targets+.
-  # If +dir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
+  # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cd '/sbin'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln %w(cp mv mkdir), '/bin'   # Now /sbin/cp and /bin/cp are linked.
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - overwrites +dest+ if it exists.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create links.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln('tmp0/t.txt', 'tmp1/t.lnk', verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln('tmp2/t.dat', 'tmp3', verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln(['tmp0/t.txt', 'tmp2/t.dat'], 'tmp4/', verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     ln tmp0/t.txt tmp1/t.lnk
+  #     ln tmp2/t.dat tmp3
+  #     ln tmp0/t.txt tmp2/t.dat tmp4/
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +dest+ is the path to an existing file
+  # and keyword argument +force+ is not +true+.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.link_entry (has different options).
   #
   def ln(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     fu_output_message "ln#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
@@ -313,28 +526,103 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias link ln
   module_function :link
 
-  #
-  # Hard link +src+ to +dest+. If +src+ is a directory, this method links
-  # all its contents recursively. If +dest+ is a directory, links
-  # +src+ to +dest/src+.
-  #
-  # +src+ can be a list of files.
-  #
-  # If +dereference_root+ is true, this method dereference tree root.
-  #
-  # If +remove_destination+ is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
-  #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', force: true
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib'
-  #
-  #   # Examples of linking several files to target directory.
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', noop: true, verbose: true
-  #
-  #   # If you want to link all contents of a directory instead of the
-  #   # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y,
-  #   # use the following code.
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr 'src/.', 'dest'  # cp_lr('src', 'dest') makes dest/src, but this doesn't.
+  # Creates {hard links}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_link].
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a directory and +dest+ does not exist,
+  # creates links +dest+ and descendents pointing to +src+ and its descendents:
+  #
+  #   tree('src0')
+  #   # => src0
+  #   #    |-- sub0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- sub1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #   File.exist?('dest0') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr('src0', 'dest0')
+  #   tree('dest0')
+  #   # => dest0
+  #   #    |-- sub0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- sub1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #
+  # If +src+ and +dest+ are both paths to directories,
+  # creates links <tt>dest/src</tt> and descendents
+  # pointing to +src+ and its descendents:
+  #
+  #   tree('src1')
+  #   # => src1
+  #   #    |-- sub0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- sub1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest1')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr('src1', 'dest1')
+  #   tree('dest1')
+  #   # => dest1
+  #   #    `-- src1
+  #   #        |-- sub0
+  #   #        |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #        |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #        `-- sub1
+  #   #            |-- src2.txt
+  #   #            `-- src3.txt
+  #
+  # If +src+ is an array of paths to entries and +dest+ is the path to a directory,
+  # for each path +filepath+ in +src+, creates a link at <tt>dest/filepath</tt>
+  # pointing to that path:
+  #
+  #   tree('src2')
+  #   # => src2
+  #   #    |-- sub0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- sub1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest2')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr(['src2/sub0', 'src2/sub1'], 'dest2')
+  #   tree('dest2')
+  #   # => dest2
+  #   #    |-- sub0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- sub1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>dereference_root: false</tt> - if +src+ is a symbolic link,
+  #   does not dereference it.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create links.
+  # - <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> - removes +dest+ before creating links.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr('src0', 'dest0', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr('src1', 'dest1', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_lr(['src2/sub0', 'src2/sub1'], 'dest2', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     cp -lr src0 dest0
+  #     cp -lr src1 dest1
+  #     cp -lr src2/sub0 src2/sub1 dest2
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +dest+ is the path to an existing file or directory
+  # and keyword argument <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> is not given.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def cp_lr(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil,
             dereference_root: true, remove_destination: false)
@@ -346,27 +634,79 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :cp_lr
 
+  # Creates {symbolic links}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_link].
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to an existing file:
+  #
+  # - When +dest+ is the path to a non-existent file,
+  #   creates a symbolic link at +dest+ pointing to +src+:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #     File.exist?('dest0.txt')   # => false
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #     File.symlink?('dest0.txt') # => true
+  #
+  # - When +dest+ is the path to an existing file,
+  #   creates a symbolic link at +dest+ pointing to +src+
+  #   if and only if keyword argument <tt>force: true</tt> is given
+  #   (raises an exception otherwise):
   #
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(target, link, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(target,  dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(targets, dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src1.txt')
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.touch('dest1.txt')
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src1.txt', 'dest1.txt', force: true)
+  #     FileTest.symlink?('dest1.txt') # => true
   #
-  # In the first form, creates a symbolic link +link+ which points to +target+.
-  # If +link+ already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST.
-  # But if the <tt>force</tt> option is set, overwrites +link+.
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src1.txt', 'dest1.txt') # Raises Errno::EEXIST.
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s '/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s 'verylongsourcefilename.c', 'c', force: true
+  # If +dest+ is the path to a directory,
+  # creates a symbolic link at <tt>dest/src</tt> pointing to +src+:
   #
-  # In the second form, creates a link +dir/target+ pointing to +target+.
-  # In the third form, creates several symbolic links in the directory +dir+,
-  # pointing to each item in +targets+.
-  # If +dir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src2.txt')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('destdir2')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src2.txt', 'destdir2')
+  #   File.symlink?('destdir2/src2.txt') # => true
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s Dir.glob('/bin/*.rb'), '/home/foo/bin'
+  # If +src+ is an array of paths to existing files and +dest+ is a directory,
+  # for each child +child+ in +src+ creates a symbolic link <tt>dest/child</tt>
+  # pointing to +child+:
   #
-  def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('srcdir3')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('srcdir3/src0.txt')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('srcdir3/src1.txt')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('destdir3')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(['srcdir3/src0.txt', 'srcdir3/src1.txt'], 'destdir3')
+  #   File.symlink?('destdir3/src0.txt') # => true
+  #   File.symlink?('destdir3/src1.txt') # => true
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - overwrites +dest+ if it exists.
+  # - <tt>relative: false</tt> - create links relative to +dest+.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create links.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src1.txt', 'destdir1', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s('src2.txt', 'dest2.txt', force: true, noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(['srcdir3/src0.txt', 'srcdir3/src1.txt'], 'destdir3', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     ln -s src0.txt dest0.txt
+  #     ln -s src1.txt destdir1
+  #     ln -sf src2.txt dest2.txt
+  #     ln -s srcdir3/src0.txt srcdir3/src1.txt destdir3
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.ln_sf.
+  #
+  def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, relative: false, target_directory: true, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+    if relative
+      return ln_sr(src, dest, force: force, noop: noop, verbose: verbose)
+    end
     fu_output_message "ln -s#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
     return if noop
     fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d|
@@ -379,29 +719,95 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias symlink ln_s
   module_function :symlink
 
-  #
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_sf(*args)
-  #
-  # Same as
-  #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s(*args, force: true)
+  # Like Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s, but always with keyword argument <tt>force: true</tt> given.
   #
   def ln_sf(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     ln_s src, dest, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose
   end
   module_function :ln_sf
 
+  # Like Bundler::FileUtils.ln_s, but create links relative to +dest+.
   #
-  # Hard links a file system entry +src+ to +dest+.
-  # If +src+ is a directory, this method links its contents recursively.
+  def ln_sr(src, dest, target_directory: true, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+    options = "#{force ? 'f' : ''}#{target_directory ? '' : 'T'}"
+    dest = File.path(dest)
+    srcs = Array(src)
+    link = proc do |s, target_dir_p = true|
+      s = File.path(s)
+      if target_dir_p
+        d = File.join(destdirs = dest, File.basename(s))
+      else
+        destdirs = File.dirname(d = dest)
+      end
+      destdirs = fu_split_path(File.realpath(destdirs))
+      if fu_starting_path?(s)
+        srcdirs = fu_split_path((File.realdirpath(s) rescue File.expand_path(s)))
+        base = fu_relative_components_from(srcdirs, destdirs)
+        s = File.join(*base)
+      else
+        srcdirs = fu_clean_components(*fu_split_path(s))
+        base = fu_relative_components_from(fu_split_path(Dir.pwd), destdirs)
+        while srcdirs.first&. == ".." and base.last&.!=("..") and !fu_starting_path?(base.last)
+          srcdirs.shift
+          base.pop
+        end
+        s = File.join(*base, *srcdirs)
+      end
+      fu_output_message "ln -s#{options} #{s} #{d}" if verbose
+      next if noop
+      remove_file d, true if force
+      File.symlink s, d
+    end
+    case srcs.size
+    when 0
+    when 1
+      link[srcs[0], target_directory && File.directory?(dest)]
+    else
+      srcs.each(&link)
+    end
+  end
+  module_function :ln_sr
+
+  # Creates {hard links}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_link]; returns +nil+.
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ and +dest+
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a file and +dest+ does not exist,
+  # creates a hard link at +dest+ pointing to +src+:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #   File.exist?('dest0.txt') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.link_entry('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #   File.file?('dest0.txt')  # => true
   #
-  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a path name.
-  # +src+ must exist, +dest+ must not exist.
+  # If +src+ is the path to a directory and +dest+ does not exist,
+  # recursively creates hard links at +dest+ pointing to paths in +src+:
   #
-  # If +dereference_root+ is true, this method dereferences the tree root.
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir_p(['src1/dir0', 'src1/dir1'])
+  #   src_file_paths = [
+  #     'src1/dir0/t0.txt',
+  #     'src1/dir0/t1.txt',
+  #     'src1/dir1/t2.txt',
+  #     'src1/dir1/t3.txt',
+  #     ]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch(src_file_paths)
+  #   File.directory?('dest1')        # => true
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.link_entry('src1', 'dest1')
+  #   File.file?('dest1/dir0/t0.txt') # => true
+  #   File.file?('dest1/dir0/t1.txt') # => true
+  #   File.file?('dest1/dir1/t2.txt') # => true
+  #   File.file?('dest1/dir1/t3.txt') # => true
   #
-  # If +remove_destination+ is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>dereference_root: true</tt> - dereferences +src+ if it is a symbolic link.
+  # - <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> - removes +dest+ before creating links.
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +dest+ is the path to an existing file or directory
+  # and keyword argument <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> is not given.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.ln (has different options).
   #
   def link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
     Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).traverse do |ent|
@@ -412,16 +818,57 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :link_entry
 
+  # Copies files.
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a file and +dest+ is not the path to a directory,
+  # copies +src+ to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #   File.exist?('dest0.txt') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #   File.file?('dest0.txt')  # => true
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a file and +dest+ is the path to a directory,
+  # copies +src+ to <tt>dest/src</tt>:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src1.txt')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest1')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp('src1.txt', 'dest1')
+  #   File.file?('dest1/src1.txt') # => true
   #
-  # Copies a file content +src+ to +dest+.  If +dest+ is a directory,
-  # copies +src+ to +dest/src+.
+  # If +src+ is an array of paths to files and +dest+ is the path to a directory,
+  # copies from each +src+ to +dest+:
   #
-  # If +src+ is a list of files, then +dest+ must be a directory.
+  #   src_file_paths = ['src2.txt', 'src2.dat']
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch(src_file_paths)
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest2')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp(src_file_paths, 'dest2')
+  #   File.file?('dest2/src2.txt') # => true
+  #   File.file?('dest2/src2.dat') # => true
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp 'eval.c', 'eval.c.org'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6', verbose: true
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp 'symlink', 'dest'   # copy content, "dest" is not a symlink
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>preserve: true</tt> - preserves file times.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not copy files.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp('src1.txt', 'dest1', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp(src_file_paths, 'dest2', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     cp src0.txt dest0.txt
+  #     cp src1.txt dest1
+  #     cp src2.txt src2.dat dest2
+  #
+  # Raises an exception if +src+ is a directory.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     fu_output_message "cp#{preserve ? ' -p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
@@ -435,30 +882,105 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias copy cp
   module_function :copy
 
-  #
-  # Copies +src+ to +dest+. If +src+ is a directory, this method copies
-  # all its contents recursively. If +dest+ is a directory, copies
-  # +src+ to +dest/src+.
-  #
-  # +src+ can be a list of files.
-  #
-  # If +dereference_root+ is true, this method dereference tree root.
-  #
-  # If +remove_destination+ is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
-  #
-  #   # Installing Ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', force: true
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib'
-  #
-  #   # Examples of copying several files to target directory.
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/foo/lib/ruby', noop: true, verbose: true
-  #
-  #   # If you want to copy all contents of a directory instead of the
-  #   # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y,
-  #   # use following code.
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r 'src/.', 'dest'     # cp_r('src', 'dest') makes dest/src,
-  #                                      # but this doesn't.
+  # Recursively copies files.
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # The mode, owner, and group are retained in the copy;
+  # to change those, use Bundler::FileUtils.install instead.
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a file and +dest+ is not the path to a directory,
+  # copies +src+ to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #   File.exist?('dest0.txt') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #   File.file?('dest0.txt')  # => true
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a file and +dest+ is the path to a directory,
+  # copies +src+ to <tt>dest/src</tt>:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src1.txt')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest1')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src1.txt', 'dest1')
+  #   File.file?('dest1/src1.txt') # => true
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a directory and +dest+ does not exist,
+  # recursively copies +src+ to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   tree('src2')
+  #   # => src2
+  #   #    |-- dir0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- dir1
+  #   #    |-- src2.txt
+  #   #    `-- src3.txt
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.exist?('dest2') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src2', 'dest2')
+  #   tree('dest2')
+  #   # => dest2
+  #   #    |-- dir0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- dir1
+  #   #    |-- src2.txt
+  #   #    `-- src3.txt
+  #
+  # If +src+ and +dest+ are paths to directories,
+  # recursively copies +src+ to <tt>dest/src</tt>:
+  #
+  #   tree('src3')
+  #   # => src3
+  #   #    |-- dir0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- dir1
+  #   #    |-- src2.txt
+  #   #    `-- src3.txt
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest3')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src3', 'dest3')
+  #   tree('dest3')
+  #   # => dest3
+  #   #    `-- src3
+  #   #      |-- dir0
+  #   #      |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #      |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #      `-- dir1
+  #   #          |-- src2.txt
+  #   #          `-- src3.txt
+  #
+  # If +src+ is an array of paths and +dest+ is a directory,
+  # recursively copies from each path in +src+ to +dest+;
+  # the paths in +src+ may point to files and/or directories.
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>dereference_root: false</tt> - if +src+ is a symbolic link,
+  #   does not dereference it.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not copy files.
+  # - <tt>preserve: true</tt> - preserves file times.
+  # - <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> - removes +dest+ before copying files.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src1.txt', 'dest1', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src2', 'dest2', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.cp_r('src3', 'dest3', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     cp -r src0.txt dest0.txt
+  #     cp -r src1.txt dest1
+  #     cp -r src2 dest2
+  #     cp -r src3 dest3
+  #
+  # Raises an exception of +src+ is the path to a directory
+  # and +dest+ is the path to a file.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def cp_r(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil,
            dereference_root: true, remove_destination: nil)
@@ -470,21 +992,50 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :cp_r
 
+  # Recursively copies files from +src+ to +dest+.
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ and +dest+
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a file, copies +src+ to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #   File.exist?('dest0.txt') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.copy_entry('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #   File.file?('dest0.txt')  # => true
   #
-  # Copies a file system entry +src+ to +dest+.
-  # If +src+ is a directory, this method copies its contents recursively.
-  # This method preserves file types, c.f. symlink, directory...
-  # (FIFO, device files and etc. are not supported yet)
+  # If +src+ is a directory, recursively copies +src+ to +dest+:
   #
-  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a path name.
-  # +src+ must exist, +dest+ must not exist.
+  #   tree('src1')
+  #   # => src1
+  #   #    |-- dir0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- dir1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.copy_entry('src1', 'dest1')
+  #   tree('dest1')
+  #   # => dest1
+  #   #    |-- dir0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- dir1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
   #
-  # If +preserve+ is true, this method preserves owner, group, and
-  # modified time.  Permissions are copied regardless +preserve+.
+  # The recursive copying preserves file types for regular files,
+  # directories, and symbolic links;
+  # other file types (FIFO streams, device files, etc.) are not supported.
   #
-  # If +dereference_root+ is true, this method dereference tree root.
+  # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  # If +remove_destination+ is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
+  # - <tt>dereference_root: true</tt> - if +src+ is a symbolic link,
+  #   follows the link.
+  # - <tt>preserve: true</tt> - preserves file times.
+  # - <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> - removes +dest+ before copying files.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
     if dereference_root
@@ -502,9 +1053,25 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :copy_entry
 
+  # Copies file from +src+ to +dest+, which should not be directories.
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ and +dest+
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.copy_file('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #   File.file?('dest0.txt') # => true
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  # Copies file contents of +src+ to +dest+.
-  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a path name.
+  # - <tt>dereference: false</tt> - if +src+ is a symbolic link,
+  #   does not follow the link.
+  # - <tt>preserve: true</tt> - preserves file times.
+  # - <tt>remove_destination: true</tt> - removes +dest+ before copying files.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true)
     ent = Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference)
@@ -513,25 +1080,79 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :copy_file
 
+  # Copies \IO stream +src+ to \IO stream +dest+ via
+  # {IO.copy_stream}[rdoc-ref:IO.copy_stream].
   #
-  # Copies stream +src+ to +dest+.
-  # +src+ must respond to #read(n) and
-  # +dest+ must respond to #write(str).
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def copy_stream(src, dest)
     IO.copy_stream(src, dest)
   end
   module_function :copy_stream
 
-  #
-  # Moves file(s) +src+ to +dest+.  If +file+ and +dest+ exist on the different
-  # disk partition, the file is copied then the original file is removed.
-  #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mv 'badname.rb', 'goodname.rb'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mv 'stuff.rb', '/notexist/lib/ruby', force: true  # no error
-  #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mv %w(junk.txt dust.txt), '/home/foo/.trash/'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mv Dir.glob('test*.rb'), 'test', noop: true, verbose: true
+  # Moves entries.
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # If +src+ and +dest+ are on different file systems,
+  # first copies, then removes +src+.
+  #
+  # May cause a local vulnerability if not called with keyword argument
+  # <tt>secure: true</tt>;
+  # see {Avoiding the TOCTTOU Vulnerability}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Avoiding+the+TOCTTOU+Vulnerability].
+  #
+  # If +src+ is the path to a single file or directory and +dest+ does not exist,
+  # moves +src+ to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   tree('src0')
+  #   # => src0
+  #   #    |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    `-- src1.txt
+  #   File.exist?('dest0') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mv('src0', 'dest0')
+  #   File.exist?('src0')  # => false
+  #   tree('dest0')
+  #   # => dest0
+  #   #    |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    `-- src1.txt
+  #
+  # If +src+ is an array of paths to files and directories
+  # and +dest+ is the path to a directory,
+  # copies from each path in the array to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   File.file?('src1.txt') # => true
+  #   tree('src1')
+  #   # => src1
+  #   #    |-- src.dat
+  #   #    `-- src.txt
+  #   Dir.empty?('dest1')    # => true
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mv(['src1.txt', 'src1'], 'dest1')
+  #   tree('dest1')
+  #   # => dest1
+  #   #    |-- src1
+  #   #    |   |-- src.dat
+  #   #    |   `-- src.txt
+  #   #    `-- src1.txt
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - if the move includes removing +src+
+  #   (that is, if +src+ and +dest+ are on different file systems),
+  #   ignores raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not move files.
+  # - <tt>secure: true</tt> - removes +src+ securely;
+  #   see details at Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.mv('src0', 'dest0', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.mv(['src1.txt', 'src1'], 'dest1', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     mv src0 dest0
+  #     mv src1.txt src1 dest1
   #
   def mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
     fu_output_message "mv#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
@@ -565,13 +1186,32 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias move mv
   module_function :move
 
+  # Removes entries at the paths in the given +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # returns +list+, if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise.
   #
-  # Remove file(s) specified in +list+.  This method cannot remove directories.
-  # All StandardErrors are ignored when the :force option is set.
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm %w( junk.txt dust.txt )
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm Dir.glob('*.so')
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm 'NotExistFile', force: true   # never raises exception
+  # With no keyword arguments, removes files at the paths given in +list+:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch(['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'])
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm(['src0.dat', 'src0.txt']) # => ["src0.dat", "src0.txt"]
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - ignores raised exceptions of StandardError
+  #   and its descendants.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not remove files; returns +nil+.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.rm(['src0.dat', 'src0.txt'], noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     rm src0.dat src0.txt
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -587,10 +1227,16 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias remove rm
   module_function :remove
 
+  # Equivalent to:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm(list, force: true, **kwargs)
   #
-  # Equivalent to
+  # Argument +list+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm(list, force: true)
+  # See Bundler::FileUtils.rm for keyword arguments.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     rm list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose
@@ -600,24 +1246,55 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias safe_unlink rm_f
   module_function :safe_unlink
 
+  # Removes entries at the paths in the given +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths);
+  # returns +list+, if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise.
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # May cause a local vulnerability if not called with keyword argument
+  # <tt>secure: true</tt>;
+  # see {Avoiding the TOCTTOU Vulnerability}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Avoiding+the+TOCTTOU+Vulnerability].
+  #
+  # For each file path, removes the file at that path:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch(['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'])
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r(['src0.dat', 'src0.txt'])
+  #   File.exist?('src0.txt') # => false
+  #   File.exist?('src0.dat') # => false
+  #
+  # For each directory path, recursively removes files and directories:
+  #
+  #   tree('src1')
+  #   # => src1
+  #   #    |-- dir0
+  #   #    |   |-- src0.txt
+  #   #    |   `-- src1.txt
+  #   #    `-- dir1
+  #   #        |-- src2.txt
+  #   #        `-- src3.txt
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r('src1')
+  #   File.exist?('src1') # => false
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - ignores raised exceptions of StandardError
+  #   and its descendants.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not remove entries; returns +nil+.
+  # - <tt>secure: true</tt> - removes +src+ securely;
+  #   see details at Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
-  # remove files +list+[0] +list+[1]... If +list+[n] is a directory,
-  # removes its all contents recursively. This method ignores
-  # StandardError when :force option is set.
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r(['src0.dat', 'src0.txt'], noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r('src1', noop: true, verbose: true)
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r Dir.glob('/tmp/*')
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r 'some_dir', force: true
+  #   Output:
   #
-  # WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability
-  # if one of parent directories or removing directory tree are world
-  # writable (including /tmp, whose permission is 1777), and the current
-  # process has strong privilege such as Unix super user (root), and the
-  # system has symbolic link.  For secure removing, read the documentation
-  # of remove_entry_secure carefully, and set :secure option to true.
-  # Default is <tt>secure: false</tt>.
+  #     rm -r src0.dat src0.txt
+  #     rm -r src1
   #
-  # NOTE: This method calls remove_entry_secure if :secure option is set.
-  # See also remove_entry_secure.
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm_r(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -633,13 +1310,20 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :rm_r
 
+  # Equivalent to:
   #
-  # Equivalent to
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r(list, force: true, **kwargs)
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r(list, force: true)
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  # WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability.
-  # Read the documentation of rm_r first.
+  # May cause a local vulnerability if not called with keyword argument
+  # <tt>secure: true</tt>;
+  # see {Avoiding the TOCTTOU Vulnerability}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Avoiding+the+TOCTTOU+Vulnerability].
+  #
+  # See Bundler::FileUtils.rm_r for keyword arguments.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
     rm_r list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose, secure: secure
@@ -649,37 +1333,20 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   alias rmtree rm_rf
   module_function :rmtree
 
+  # Securely removes the entry given by +path+,
+  # which should be the entry for a regular file, a symbolic link,
+  # or a directory.
   #
-  # This method removes a file system entry +path+.  +path+ shall be a
-  # regular file, a directory, or something.  If +path+ is a directory,
-  # remove it recursively.  This method is required to avoid TOCTTOU
-  # (time-of-check-to-time-of-use) local security vulnerability of rm_r.
-  # #rm_r causes security hole when:
-  #
-  # * Parent directory is world writable (including /tmp).
-  # * Removing directory tree includes world writable directory.
-  # * The system has symbolic link.
-  #
-  # To avoid this security hole, this method applies special preprocess.
-  # If +path+ is a directory, this method chown(2) and chmod(2) all
-  # removing directories.  This requires the current process is the
-  # owner of the removing whole directory tree, or is the super user (root).
+  # Argument +path+
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  # WARNING: You must ensure that *ALL* parent directories cannot be
-  # moved by other untrusted users.  For example, parent directories
-  # should not be owned by untrusted users, and should not be world
-  # writable except when the sticky bit set.
+  # Avoids a local vulnerability that can exist in certain circumstances;
+  # see {Avoiding the TOCTTOU Vulnerability}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Avoiding+the+TOCTTOU+Vulnerability].
   #
-  # WARNING: Only the owner of the removing directory tree, or Unix super
-  # user (root) should invoke this method.  Otherwise this method does not
-  # work.
+  # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
   #
-  # For details of this security vulnerability, see Perl's case:
-  #
-  # * https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2005-0448
-  # * https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2004-0452
-  #
-  # For fileutils.rb, this vulnerability is reported in [ruby-dev:26100].
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def remove_entry_secure(path, force = false)
     unless fu_have_symlink?
@@ -767,12 +1434,17 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :fu_stat_identical_entry?
 
+  # Removes the entry given by +path+,
+  # which should be the entry for a regular file, a symbolic link,
+  # or a directory.
   #
-  # This method removes a file system entry +path+.
-  # +path+ might be a regular file, a directory, or something.
-  # If +path+ is a directory, remove it recursively.
+  # Argument +path+
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  # See also remove_entry_secure.
+  # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry_secure.
   #
   def remove_entry(path, force = false)
     Entry_.new(path).postorder_traverse do |ent|
@@ -787,9 +1459,16 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :remove_entry
 
+  # Removes the file entry given by +path+,
+  # which should be the entry for a regular file or a symbolic link.
+  #
+  # Argument +path+
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  # Removes a file +path+.
-  # This method ignores StandardError if +force+ is true.
+  # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def remove_file(path, force = false)
     Entry_.new(path).remove_file
@@ -798,20 +1477,32 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :remove_file
 
+  # Recursively removes the directory entry given by +path+,
+  # which should be the entry for a regular file, a symbolic link,
+  # or a directory.
+  #
+  # Argument +path+
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
   #
-  # Removes a directory +dir+ and its contents recursively.
-  # This method ignores StandardError if +force+ is true.
+  # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def remove_dir(path, force = false)
     remove_entry path, force   # FIXME?? check if it is a directory
   end
   module_function :remove_dir
 
+  # Returns +true+ if the contents of files +a+ and +b+ are identical,
+  # +false+ otherwise.
   #
-  # Returns true if the contents of a file +a+ and a file +b+ are identical.
+  # Arguments +a+ and +b+
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.compare_file('somefile', 'somefile')       #=> true
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.compare_file('/dev/null', '/dev/urandom')  #=> false
+  # Bundler::FileUtils.identical? and Bundler::FileUtils.cmp are aliases for Bundler::FileUtils.compare_file.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.compare_stream.
   #
   def compare_file(a, b)
     return false unless File.size(a) == File.size(b)
@@ -828,19 +1519,19 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   module_function :identical?
   module_function :cmp
 
+  # Returns +true+ if the contents of streams +a+ and +b+ are identical,
+  # +false+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # Arguments +a+ and +b+
+  # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
-  # Returns true if the contents of a stream +a+ and +b+ are identical.
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.compare_file.
   #
   def compare_stream(a, b)
     bsize = fu_stream_blksize(a, b)
 
-    if RUBY_VERSION > "2.4"
-      sa = String.new(capacity: bsize)
-      sb = String.new(capacity: bsize)
-    else
-      sa = String.new
-      sb = String.new
-    end
+    sa = String.new(capacity: bsize)
+    sb = String.new(capacity: bsize)
 
     begin
       a.read(bsize, sa)
@@ -851,13 +1542,69 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :compare_stream
 
+  # Copies a file entry.
+  # See {install(1)}[https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/install.1.html].
+  #
+  # Arguments +src+ (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # and +dest+ (a single path)
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments];
+  #
+  # If the entry at +dest+ does not exist, copies from +src+ to +dest+:
+  #
+  #   File.read('src0.txt')    # => "aaa\n"
+  #   File.exist?('dest0.txt') # => false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.install('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt')
+  #   File.read('dest0.txt')   # => "aaa\n"
+  #
+  # If +dest+ is a file entry, copies from +src+ to +dest+, overwriting:
+  #
+  #   File.read('src1.txt')  # => "aaa\n"
+  #   File.read('dest1.txt') # => "bbb\n"
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.install('src1.txt', 'dest1.txt')
+  #   File.read('dest1.txt') # => "aaa\n"
+  #
+  # If +dest+ is a directory entry, copies from +src+ to <tt>dest/src</tt>,
+  # overwriting if necessary:
+  #
+  #   File.read('src2.txt')       # => "aaa\n"
+  #   File.read('dest2/src2.txt') # => "bbb\n"
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.install('src2.txt', 'dest2')
+  #   File.read('dest2/src2.txt') # => "aaa\n"
+  #
+  # If +src+ is an array of paths and +dest+ points to a directory,
+  # copies each path +path+ in +src+ to <tt>dest/path</tt>:
+  #
+  #   File.file?('src3.txt') # => true
+  #   File.file?('src3.dat') # => true
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.mkdir('dest3')
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.install(['src3.txt', 'src3.dat'], 'dest3')
+  #   File.file?('dest3/src3.txt') # => true
+  #   File.file?('dest3/src3.dat') # => true
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  # If +src+ is not same as +dest+, copies it and changes the permission
-  # mode to +mode+.  If +dest+ is a directory, destination is +dest+/+src+.
-  # This method removes destination before copy.
+  # - <tt>group: <i>group</i></tt> - changes the group if not +nil+,
+  #   using {File.chown}[rdoc-ref:File.chown].
+  # - <tt>mode: <i>permissions</i></tt> - changes the permissions.
+  #   using {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not copy entries; returns +nil+.
+  # - <tt>owner: <i>owner</i></tt> - changes the owner if not +nil+,
+  #   using {File.chown}[rdoc-ref:File.chown].
+  # - <tt>preserve: true</tt> - preserve timestamps
+  #   using {File.utime}[rdoc-ref:File.utime].
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.install 'ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby', mode: 0755, verbose: true
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.install 'lib.rb', '/usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby', verbose: true
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.install('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.install('src1.txt', 'dest1.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.install('src2.txt', 'dest2', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     install -c src0.txt dest0.txt
+  #     install -c src1.txt dest1.txt
+  #     install -c src2.txt dest2
+  #
+  # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def install(src, dest, mode: nil, owner: nil, group: nil, preserve: nil,
               noop: nil, verbose: nil)
@@ -877,7 +1624,13 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
       st = File.stat(s)
       unless File.exist?(d) and compare_file(s, d)
         remove_file d, true
-        copy_file s, d
+        if d.end_with?('/')
+          mkdir_p d
+          copy_file s, d + File.basename(s)
+        else
+          mkdir_p File.expand_path('..', d)
+          copy_file s, d
+        end
         File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d if preserve
         File.chmod fu_mode(mode, st), d if mode
         File.chown uid, gid, d if uid or gid
@@ -917,11 +1670,8 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   private_module_function :apply_mask
 
   def symbolic_modes_to_i(mode_sym, path)  #:nodoc:
-    mode = if File::Stat === path
-             path.mode
-           else
-             File.stat(path).mode
-           end
+    path = File.stat(path) unless File::Stat === path
+    mode = path.mode
     mode_sym.split(/,/).inject(mode & 07777) do |current_mode, clause|
       target, *actions = clause.split(/([=+-])/)
       raise ArgumentError, "invalid file mode: #{mode_sym}" if actions.empty?
@@ -938,7 +1688,7 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
           when "x"
             mask | 0111
           when "X"
-            if FileTest.directory? path
+            if path.directory?
               mask | 0111
             else
               mask
@@ -978,37 +1728,78 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :mode_to_s
 
+  # Changes permissions on the entries at the paths given in +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # to the permissions given by +mode+;
+  # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise:
+  #
+  # - Modifies each entry that is a regular file using
+  #   {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
+  # - Modifies each entry that is a symbolic link using
+  #   {File.lchmod}[rdoc-ref:File.lchmod].
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # Argument +mode+ may be either an integer or a string:
+  #
+  # - \Integer +mode+: represents the permission bits to be set:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod(0755, 'src0.txt')
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod(0644, ['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'])
+  #
+  # - \String +mode+: represents the permissions to be set:
+  #
+  #   The string is of the form <tt>[targets][[operator][perms[,perms]]</tt>, where:
+  #
+  #   - +targets+ may be any combination of these letters:
+  #
+  #     - <tt>'u'</tt>: permissions apply to the file's owner.
+  #     - <tt>'g'</tt>: permissions apply to users in the file's group.
+  #     - <tt>'o'</tt>: permissions apply to other users not in the file's group.
+  #     - <tt>'a'</tt> (the default): permissions apply to all users.
+  #
+  #   - +operator+ may be one of these letters:
+  #
+  #     - <tt>'+'</tt>: adds permissions.
+  #     - <tt>'-'</tt>: removes permissions.
+  #     - <tt>'='</tt>: sets (replaces) permissions.
+  #
+  #   - +perms+ (may be repeated, with separating commas)
+  #     may be any combination of these letters:
+  #
+  #     - <tt>'r'</tt>: Read.
+  #     - <tt>'w'</tt>: Write.
+  #     - <tt>'x'</tt>: Execute (search, for a directory).
+  #     - <tt>'X'</tt>: Search (for a directories only;
+  #       must be used with <tt>'+'</tt>)
+  #     - <tt>'s'</tt>: Uid or gid.
+  #     - <tt>'t'</tt>: Sticky bit.
+  #
+  #   Examples:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod('u=wrx,go=rx', 'src1.txt')
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod('u=wrx,go=rx', '/usr/bin/ruby')
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not change permissions; returns +nil+.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod(0755, 'src0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod(0644, ['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'], noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod('u=wrx,go=rx', 'src1.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chmod('u=wrx,go=rx', '/usr/bin/ruby', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     chmod 755 src0.txt
+  #     chmod 644 src0.txt src0.dat
+  #     chmod u=wrx,go=rx src1.txt
+  #     chmod u=wrx,go=rx /usr/bin/ruby
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.chmod_R.
   #
-  # Changes permission bits on the named files (in +list+) to the bit pattern
-  # represented by +mode+.
-  #
-  # +mode+ is the symbolic and absolute mode can be used.
-  #
-  # Absolute mode is
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod 0755, 'somecommand'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod 0644, %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod 0755, '/usr/bin/ruby', verbose: true
-  #
-  # Symbolic mode is
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", 'somecommand'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod "u=wr,go=rr", %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb)
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", '/usr/bin/ruby', verbose: true
-  #
-  # "a" :: is user, group, other mask.
-  # "u" :: is user's mask.
-  # "g" :: is group's mask.
-  # "o" :: is other's mask.
-  # "w" :: is write permission.
-  # "r" :: is read permission.
-  # "x" :: is execute permission.
-  # "X" ::
-  #   is execute permission for directories only, must be used in conjunction with "+"
-  # "s" :: is uid, gid.
-  # "t" :: is sticky bit.
-  # "+" :: is added to a class given the specified mode.
-  # "-" :: Is removed from a given class given mode.
-  # "=" :: Is the exact nature of the class will be given a specified mode.
-
   def chmod(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
     fu_output_message sprintf('chmod %s %s', mode_to_s(mode), list.join(' ')) if verbose
@@ -1019,12 +1810,7 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :chmod
 
-  #
-  # Changes permission bits on the named files (in +list+)
-  # to the bit pattern represented by +mode+.
-  #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod_R 0700, "/tmp/app.#{$$}"
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chmod_R "u=wrx", "/tmp/app.#{$$}"
+  # Like Bundler::FileUtils.chmod, but changes permissions recursively.
   #
   def chmod_R(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -1044,15 +1830,68 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :chmod_R
 
+  # Changes the owner and group on the entries at the paths given in +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths)
+  # to the given +user+ and +group+;
+  # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise:
+  #
+  # - Modifies each entry that is a regular file using
+  #   {File.chown}[rdoc-ref:File.chown].
+  # - Modifies each entry that is a symbolic link using
+  #   {File.lchown}[rdoc-ref:File.lchown].
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # User and group:
+  #
+  # - Argument +user+ may be a user name or a user id;
+  #   if +nil+ or +-1+, the user is not changed.
+  # - Argument +group+ may be a group name or a group id;
+  #   if +nil+ or +-1+, the group is not changed.
+  # - The user must be a member of the group.
   #
-  # Changes owner and group on the named files (in +list+)
-  # to the user +user+ and the group +group+.  +user+ and +group+
-  # may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String).
-  # If +user+ or +group+ is nil, this method does not change
-  # the attribute.
+  # Examples:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown 'root', 'staff', '/usr/local/bin/ruby'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown nil, 'bin', Dir.glob('/usr/bin/*'), verbose: true
+  #   # One path.
+  #   # User and group as string names.
+  #   File.stat('src0.txt').uid # => 1004
+  #   File.stat('src0.txt').gid # => 1004
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown('user2', 'group1', 'src0.txt')
+  #   File.stat('src0.txt').uid # => 1006
+  #   File.stat('src0.txt').gid # => 1005
+  #
+  #   # User and group as uid and gid.
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown(1004, 1004, 'src0.txt')
+  #   File.stat('src0.txt').uid # => 1004
+  #   File.stat('src0.txt').gid # => 1004
+  #
+  #   # Array of paths.
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown(1006, 1005, ['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'])
+  #
+  #   # Directory (not recursive).
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown('user2', 'group1', '.')
+  #
+  # Keyword arguments:
+  #
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not change permissions; returns +nil+.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chown('user2', 'group1', 'src0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chown(1004, 1004, 'src0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chown(1006, 1005, ['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'], noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chown('user2', 'group1', path, noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.chown('user2', 'group1', '.', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     chown user2:group1 src0.txt
+  #     chown 1004:1004 src0.txt
+  #     chown 1006:1005 src0.txt src0.dat
+  #     chown user2:group1 src0.txt
+  #     chown user2:group1 .
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.chown_R.
   #
   def chown(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -1068,15 +1907,7 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   module_function :chown
 
-  #
-  # Changes owner and group on the named files (in +list+)
-  # to the user +user+ and the group +group+ recursively.
-  # +user+ and +group+ may be an ID (Integer/String) or
-  # a name (String).  If +user+ or +group+ is nil, this
-  # method does not change the attribute.
-  #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown_R 'www', 'www', '/var/www/htdocs'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.chown_R 'cvs', 'cvs', '/var/cvs', verbose: true
+  # Like Bundler::FileUtils.chown, but changes owner and group recursively.
   #
   def chown_R(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -1127,12 +1958,50 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :fu_get_gid
 
+  # Updates modification times (mtime) and access times (atime)
+  # of the entries given by the paths in +list+
+  # (a single path or an array of paths);
+  # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise.
+  #
+  # By default, creates an empty file for any path to a non-existent entry;
+  # use keyword argument +nocreate+ to raise an exception instead.
+  #
+  # Argument +list+ or its elements
+  # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   # Single path.
+  #   f = File.new('src0.txt') # Existing file.
+  #   f.atime # => 2022-06-10 11:11:21.200277 -0700
+  #   f.mtime # => 2022-06-10 11:11:21.200277 -0700
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt')
+  #   f = File.new('src0.txt')
+  #   f.atime # => 2022-06-11 08:28:09.8185343 -0700
+  #   f.mtime # => 2022-06-11 08:28:09.8185343 -0700
+  #
+  #   # Array of paths.
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch(['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'])
   #
-  # Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in
-  # +list+.  Files are created if they don't exist.
+  # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch 'timestamp'
-  #   Bundler::FileUtils.touch Dir.glob('*.c');  system 'make'
+  # - <tt>mtime: <i>time</i></tt> - sets the entry's mtime to the given time,
+  #   instead of the current time.
+  # - <tt>nocreate: true</tt> - raises an exception if the entry does not exist.
+  # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not touch entries; returns +nil+.
+  # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.touch('src0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.touch(['src0.txt', 'src0.dat'], noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #     Bundler::FileUtils.touch(path, noop: true, verbose: true)
+  #
+  #   Output:
+  #
+  #     touch src0.txt
+  #     touch src0.txt src0.dat
+  #     touch src0.txt
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::FileUtils.uptodate?.
   #
   def touch(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, mtime: nil, nocreate: nil)
     list = fu_list(list)
@@ -1290,14 +2159,9 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
 
     def entries
       opts = {}
-      opts[:encoding] = ::Encoding::UTF_8 if fu_windows?
+      opts[:encoding] = fu_windows? ? ::Encoding::UTF_8 : path.encoding
 
-      files = if Dir.respond_to?(:children)
-        Dir.children(path, **opts)
-      else
-        Dir.entries(path(), **opts)
-           .reject {|n| n == '.' or n == '..' }
-      end
+      files = Dir.children(path, **opts)
 
       untaint = RUBY_VERSION < '2.7'
       files.map {|n| Entry_.new(prefix(), join(rel(), untaint ? n.untaint : n)) }
@@ -1345,6 +2209,7 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
       else
         File.chmod mode, path()
       end
+    rescue Errno::EOPNOTSUPP
     end
 
     def chown(uid, gid)
@@ -1439,7 +2304,7 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
       if st.symlink?
         begin
           File.lchmod mode, path
-        rescue NotImplementedError
+        rescue NotImplementedError, Errno::EOPNOTSUPP
         end
       else
         File.chmod mode, path
@@ -1498,13 +2363,21 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
 
     def postorder_traverse
       if directory?
-        entries().each do |ent|
+        begin
+          children = entries()
+        rescue Errno::EACCES
+          # Failed to get the list of children.
+          # Assuming there is no children, try to process the parent directory.
+          yield self
+          return
+        end
+
+        children.each do |ent|
           ent.postorder_traverse do |e|
             yield e
           end
         end
       end
-    ensure
       yield self
     end
 
@@ -1559,7 +2432,15 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
     def join(dir, base)
       return File.path(dir) if not base or base == '.'
       return File.path(base) if not dir or dir == '.'
-      File.join(dir, base)
+      begin
+        File.join(dir, base)
+      rescue EncodingError
+        if fu_windows?
+          File.join(dir.encode(::Encoding::UTF_8), base.encode(::Encoding::UTF_8))
+        else
+          raise
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
@@ -1590,15 +2471,15 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :fu_each_src_dest
 
-  def fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest)   #:nodoc:
+  def fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest, target_directory = true)   #:nodoc:
     if tmp = Array.try_convert(src)
       tmp.each do |s|
         s = File.path(s)
-        yield s, File.join(dest, File.basename(s))
+        yield s, (target_directory ? File.join(dest, File.basename(s)) : dest)
       end
     else
       src = File.path(src)
-      if File.directory?(dest)
+      if target_directory and File.directory?(dest)
         yield src, File.join(dest, File.basename(src))
       else
         yield src, File.path(dest)
@@ -1614,7 +2495,7 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
 
   def fu_output_message(msg)   #:nodoc:
     output = @fileutils_output if defined?(@fileutils_output)
-    output ||= $stderr
+    output ||= $stdout
     if defined?(@fileutils_label)
       msg = @fileutils_label + msg
     end
@@ -1622,6 +2503,56 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :fu_output_message
 
+  def fu_split_path(path)
+    path = File.path(path)
+    list = []
+    until (parent, base = File.split(path); parent == path or parent == ".")
+      list << base
+      path = parent
+    end
+    list << path
+    list.reverse!
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_split_path
+
+  def fu_relative_components_from(target, base) #:nodoc:
+    i = 0
+    while target[i]&.== base[i]
+      i += 1
+    end
+    Array.new(base.size-i, '..').concat(target[i..-1])
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_relative_components_from
+
+  def fu_clean_components(*comp)
+    comp.shift while comp.first == "."
+    return comp if comp.empty?
+    clean = [comp.shift]
+    path = File.join(*clean, "") # ending with File::SEPARATOR
+    while c = comp.shift
+      if c == ".." and clean.last != ".." and !(fu_have_symlink? && File.symlink?(path))
+        clean.pop
+        path.chomp!(%r((?<=\A|/)[^/]+/\z), "")
+      else
+        clean << c
+        path << c << "/"
+      end
+    end
+    clean
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_clean_components
+
+  if fu_windows?
+    def fu_starting_path?(path)
+      path&.start_with?(%r(\w:|/))
+    end
+  else
+    def fu_starting_path?(path)
+      path&.start_with?("/")
+    end
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_starting_path?
+
   # This hash table holds command options.
   OPT_TABLE = {}    #:nodoc: internal use only
   (private_instance_methods & methods(false)).inject(OPT_TABLE) {|tbl, name|
@@ -1631,50 +2562,49 @@ module Bundler::FileUtils
 
   public
 
+  # Returns an array of the string names of \Bundler::FileUtils methods
+  # that accept one or more keyword arguments:
   #
-  # Returns an Array of names of high-level methods that accept any keyword
-  # arguments.
-  #
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.commands  #=> ["chmod", "cp", "cp_r", "install", ...]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.commands.sort.take(3) # => ["cd", "chdir", "chmod"]
   #
   def self.commands
     OPT_TABLE.keys
   end
 
+  # Returns an array of the string keyword names:
   #
-  # Returns an Array of option names.
-  #
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.options  #=> ["noop", "force", "verbose", "preserve", "mode"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.options.take(3) # => ["noop", "verbose", "force"]
   #
   def self.options
     OPT_TABLE.values.flatten.uniq.map {|sym| sym.to_s }
   end
 
+  # Returns +true+ if method +mid+ accepts the given option +opt+, +false+ otherwise;
+  # the arguments may be strings or symbols:
   #
-  # Returns true if the method +mid+ have an option +opt+.
-  #
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.have_option?(:cp, :noop)     #=> true
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.have_option?(:rm, :force)    #=> true
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.have_option?(:rm, :preserve) #=> false
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.have_option?(:chmod, :noop) # => true
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.have_option?('chmod', 'secure') # => false
   #
   def self.have_option?(mid, opt)
     li = OPT_TABLE[mid.to_s] or raise ArgumentError, "no such method: #{mid}"
     li.include?(opt)
   end
 
+  # Returns an array of the string keyword name for method +mid+;
+  # the argument may be a string or a symbol:
   #
-  # Returns an Array of option names of the method +mid+.
-  #
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.options_of(:rm)  #=> ["noop", "verbose", "force"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.options_of(:rm) # => ["force", "noop", "verbose"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.options_of('mv') # => ["force", "noop", "verbose", "secure"]
   #
   def self.options_of(mid)
     OPT_TABLE[mid.to_s].map {|sym| sym.to_s }
   end
 
+  # Returns an array of the string method names of the methods
+  # that accept the given keyword option +opt+;
+  # the argument must be a symbol:
   #
-  # Returns an Array of methods names which have the option +opt+.
-  #
-  #   p Bundler::FileUtils.collect_method(:preserve) #=> ["cp", "cp_r", "copy", "install"]
+  #   Bundler::FileUtils.collect_method(:preserve) # => ["cp", "copy", "cp_r", "install"]
   #
   def self.collect_method(opt)
     OPT_TABLE.keys.select {|m| OPT_TABLE[m].include?(opt) }
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index a52b96deaf..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'molinillo/gem_metadata'
-require_relative 'molinillo/errors'
-require_relative 'molinillo/resolver'
-require_relative 'molinillo/modules/ui'
-require_relative 'molinillo/modules/specification_provider'
-
-# Bundler::Molinillo is a generic dependency resolution algorithm.
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index bcacf35243..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # @!visibility private
-  module Delegates
-    # Delegates all {Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState} methods to a `#state` property.
-    module ResolutionState
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#name)
-      def name
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.name
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#requirements)
-      def requirements
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.requirements
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#activated)
-      def activated
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.activated
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#requirement)
-      def requirement
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.requirement
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#possibilities)
-      def possibilities
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.possibilities
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#depth)
-      def depth
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.depth
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#conflicts)
-      def conflicts
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.conflicts
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState#unused_unwind_options)
-      def unused_unwind_options
-        current_state = state || Bundler::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.unused_unwind_options
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f8c695c1ed..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  module Delegates
-    # Delegates all {Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider} methods to a
-    # `#specification_provider` property.
-    module SpecificationProvider
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#search_for)
-      def search_for(dependency)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.search_for(dependency)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#dependencies_for)
-      def dependencies_for(specification)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.dependencies_for(specification)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#requirement_satisfied_by?)
-      def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#dependencies_equal?)
-      def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for)
-      def name_for(dependency)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.name_for(dependency)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for_explicit_dependency_source)
-      def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for_locking_dependency_source)
-      def name_for_locking_dependency_source
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.name_for_locking_dependency_source
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#sort_dependencies)
-      def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Bundler::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#allow_missing?)
-      def allow_missing?(dependency)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.allow_missing?(dependency)
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      # Ensures any raised {NoSuchDependencyError} has its
-      # {NoSuchDependencyError#required_by} set.
-      # @yield
-      def with_no_such_dependency_error_handling
-        yield
-      rescue NoSuchDependencyError => error
-        if state
-          vertex = activated.vertex_named(name_for(error.dependency))
-          error.required_by += vertex.incoming_edges.map { |e| e.origin.name }
-          error.required_by << name_for_explicit_dependency_source unless vertex.explicit_requirements.empty?
-        end
-        raise
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4d577213b9..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative '../../../../vendored_tsort'
-
-require_relative 'dependency_graph/log'
-require_relative 'dependency_graph/vertex'
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # A directed acyclic graph that is tuned to hold named dependencies
-  class DependencyGraph
-    include Enumerable
-
-    # Enumerates through the vertices of the graph.
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] The graph's vertices.
-    def each
-      return vertices.values.each unless block_given?
-      vertices.values.each { |v| yield v }
-    end
-
-    include Bundler::TSort
-
-    # @!visibility private
-    alias tsort_each_node each
-
-    # @!visibility private
-    def tsort_each_child(vertex, &block)
-      vertex.successors.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    # Topologically sorts the given vertices.
-    # @param [Enumerable<Vertex>] vertices the vertices to be sorted, which must
-    #   all belong to the same graph.
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] The sorted vertices.
-    def self.tsort(vertices)
-      Bundler::TSort.tsort(
-        lambda { |b| vertices.each(&b) },
-        lambda { |v, &b| (v.successors & vertices).each(&b) }
-      )
-    end
-
-    # A directed edge of a {DependencyGraph}
-    # @attr [Vertex] origin The origin of the directed edge
-    # @attr [Vertex] destination The destination of the directed edge
-    # @attr [Object] requirement The requirement the directed edge represents
-    Edge = Struct.new(:origin, :destination, :requirement)
-
-    # @return [{String => Vertex}] the vertices of the dependency graph, keyed
-    #   by {Vertex#name}
-    attr_reader :vertices
-
-    # @return [Log] the op log for this graph
-    attr_reader :log
-
-    # Initializes an empty dependency graph
-    def initialize
-      @vertices = {}
-      @log = Log.new
-    end
-
-    # Tags the current state of the dependency as the given tag
-    # @param  [Object] tag an opaque tag for the current state of the graph
-    # @return [Void]
-    def tag(tag)
-      log.tag(self, tag)
-    end
-
-    # Rewinds the graph to the state tagged as `tag`
-    # @param  [Object] tag the tag to rewind to
-    # @return [Void]
-    def rewind_to(tag)
-      log.rewind_to(self, tag)
-    end
-
-    # Initializes a copy of a {DependencyGraph}, ensuring that all {#vertices}
-    # are properly copied.
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] other the graph to copy.
-    def initialize_copy(other)
-      super
-      @vertices = {}
-      @log = other.log.dup
-      traverse = lambda do |new_v, old_v|
-        return if new_v.outgoing_edges.size == old_v.outgoing_edges.size
-        old_v.outgoing_edges.each do |edge|
-          destination = add_vertex(edge.destination.name, edge.destination.payload)
-          add_edge_no_circular(new_v, destination, edge.requirement)
-          traverse.call(destination, edge.destination)
-        end
-      end
-      other.vertices.each do |name, vertex|
-        new_vertex = add_vertex(name, vertex.payload, vertex.root?)
-        new_vertex.explicit_requirements.replace(vertex.explicit_requirements)
-        traverse.call(new_vertex, vertex)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # @return [String] a string suitable for debugging
-    def inspect
-      "#{self.class}:#{vertices.values.inspect}"
-    end
-
-    # @param [Hash] options options for dot output.
-    # @return [String] Returns a dot format representation of the graph
-    def to_dot(options = {})
-      edge_label = options.delete(:edge_label)
-      raise ArgumentError, "Unknown options: #{options.keys}" unless options.empty?
-
-      dot_vertices = []
-      dot_edges = []
-      vertices.each do |n, v|
-        dot_vertices << "  #{n} [label=\"{#{n}|#{v.payload}}\"]"
-        v.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
-          label = edge_label ? edge_label.call(e) : e.requirement
-          dot_edges << "  #{e.origin.name} -> #{e.destination.name} [label=#{label.to_s.dump}]"
-        end
-      end
-
-      dot_vertices.uniq!
-      dot_vertices.sort!
-      dot_edges.uniq!
-      dot_edges.sort!
-
-      dot = dot_vertices.unshift('digraph G {').push('') + dot_edges.push('}')
-      dot.join("\n")
-    end
-
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] other
-    # @return [Boolean] whether the two dependency graphs are equal, determined
-    #   by a recursive traversal of each {#root_vertices} and its
-    #   {Vertex#successors}
-    def ==(other)
-      return false unless other
-      return true if equal?(other)
-      vertices.each do |name, vertex|
-        other_vertex = other.vertex_named(name)
-        return false unless other_vertex
-        return false unless vertex.payload == other_vertex.payload
-        return false unless other_vertex.successors.to_set == vertex.successors.to_set
-      end
-    end
-
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @param [Object] payload
-    # @param [Array<String>] parent_names
-    # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that is requiring the child
-    # @return [void]
-    def add_child_vertex(name, payload, parent_names, requirement)
-      root = !parent_names.delete(nil) { true }
-      vertex = add_vertex(name, payload, root)
-      vertex.explicit_requirements << requirement if root
-      parent_names.each do |parent_name|
-        parent_vertex = vertex_named(parent_name)
-        add_edge(parent_vertex, vertex, requirement)
-      end
-      vertex
-    end
-
-    # Adds a vertex with the given name, or updates the existing one.
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @param [Object] payload
-    # @return [Vertex] the vertex that was added to `self`
-    def add_vertex(name, payload, root = false)
-      log.add_vertex(self, name, payload, root)
-    end
-
-    # Detaches the {#vertex_named} `name` {Vertex} from the graph, recursively
-    # removing any non-root vertices that were orphaned in the process
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices which have been detached
-    def detach_vertex_named(name)
-      log.detach_vertex_named(self, name)
-    end
-
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @return [Vertex,nil] the vertex with the given name
-    def vertex_named(name)
-      vertices[name]
-    end
-
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @return [Vertex,nil] the root vertex with the given name
-    def root_vertex_named(name)
-      vertex = vertex_named(name)
-      vertex if vertex && vertex.root?
-    end
-
-    # Adds a new {Edge} to the dependency graph
-    # @param [Vertex] origin
-    # @param [Vertex] destination
-    # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that this edge represents
-    # @return [Edge] the added edge
-    def add_edge(origin, destination, requirement)
-      if destination.path_to?(origin)
-        raise CircularDependencyError.new(path(destination, origin))
-      end
-      add_edge_no_circular(origin, destination, requirement)
-    end
-
-    # Deletes an {Edge} from the dependency graph
-    # @param [Edge] edge
-    # @return [Void]
-    def delete_edge(edge)
-      log.delete_edge(self, edge.origin.name, edge.destination.name, edge.requirement)
-    end
-
-    # Sets the payload of the vertex with the given name
-    # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
-    # @param [Object] payload the payload
-    # @return [Void]
-    def set_payload(name, payload)
-      log.set_payload(self, name, payload)
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    # Adds a new {Edge} to the dependency graph without checking for
-    # circularity.
-    # @param (see #add_edge)
-    # @return (see #add_edge)
-    def add_edge_no_circular(origin, destination, requirement)
-      log.add_edge_no_circular(self, origin.name, destination.name, requirement)
-    end
-
-    # Returns the path between two vertices
-    # @raise [ArgumentError] if there is no path between the vertices
-    # @param [Vertex] from
-    # @param [Vertex] to
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] the shortest path from `from` to `to`
-    def path(from, to)
-      distances = Hash.new(vertices.size + 1)
-      distances[from.name] = 0
-      predecessors = {}
-      each do |vertex|
-        vertex.successors.each do |successor|
-          if distances[successor.name] > distances[vertex.name] + 1
-            distances[successor.name] = distances[vertex.name] + 1
-            predecessors[successor] = vertex
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      path = [to]
-      while before = predecessors[to]
-        path << before
-        to = before
-        break if to == from
-      end
-
-      unless path.last.equal?(from)
-        raise ArgumentError, "There is no path from #{from.name} to #{to.name}"
-      end
-
-      path.reverse
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c04c7eec9c..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # An action that modifies a {DependencyGraph} that is reversible.
-    # @abstract
-    class Action
-      # rubocop:disable Lint/UnusedMethodArgument
-
-      # @return [Symbol] The name of the action.
-      def self.action_name
-        raise 'Abstract'
-      end
-
-      # Performs the action on the given graph.
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to perform the action on.
-      # @return [Void]
-      def up(graph)
-        raise 'Abstract'
-      end
-
-      # Reverses the action on the given graph.
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to reverse the action on.
-      # @return [Void]
-      def down(graph)
-        raise 'Abstract'
-      end
-
-      # @return [Action,Nil] The previous action
-      attr_accessor :previous
-
-      # @return [Action,Nil] The next action
-      attr_accessor :next
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 946a08236e..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # (see DependencyGraph#add_edge_no_circular)
-    class AddEdgeNoCircular < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :add_vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        edge.origin.outgoing_edges << edge
-        edge.destination.incoming_edges << edge
-        edge
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        delete_first(edge.origin.outgoing_edges, edge)
-        delete_first(edge.destination.incoming_edges, edge)
-      end
-
-      # @!group AddEdgeNoCircular
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the origin of the edge
-      attr_reader :origin
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the destination of the edge
-      attr_reader :destination
-
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that the edge represents
-      attr_reader :requirement
-
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to find vertices from
-      # @return [Edge] The edge this action adds
-      def make_edge(graph)
-        Edge.new(graph.vertex_named(origin), graph.vertex_named(destination), requirement)
-      end
-
-      # Initialize an action to add an edge to a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] origin the name of the origin of the edge
-      # @param [String] destination the name of the destination of the edge
-      # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that the edge represents
-      def initialize(origin, destination, requirement)
-        @origin = origin
-        @destination = destination
-        @requirement = requirement
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def delete_first(array, item)
-        return unless index = array.index(item)
-        array.delete_at(index)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 483527daf8..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # (see DependencyGraph#add_vertex)
-    class AddVertex < Action # :nodoc:
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :add_vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        if existing = graph.vertices[name]
-          @existing_payload = existing.payload
-          @existing_root = existing.root
-        end
-        vertex = existing || Vertex.new(name, payload)
-        graph.vertices[vertex.name] = vertex
-        vertex.payload ||= payload
-        vertex.root ||= root
-        vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        if defined?(@existing_payload)
-          vertex = graph.vertices[name]
-          vertex.payload = @existing_payload
-          vertex.root = @existing_root
-        else
-          graph.vertices.delete(name)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @!group AddVertex
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # @return [Object] the payload for the vertex
-      attr_reader :payload
-
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the vertex is root or not
-      attr_reader :root
-
-      # Initialize an action to add a vertex to a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
-      # @param [Object] payload the payload for the vertex
-      # @param [Boolean] root whether the vertex is root or not
-      def initialize(name, payload, root)
-        @name = name
-        @payload = payload
-        @root = root
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d81940585a..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # (see DependencyGraph#delete_edge)
-    class DeleteEdge < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :delete_edge
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        edge.origin.outgoing_edges.delete(edge)
-        edge.destination.incoming_edges.delete(edge)
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        edge.origin.outgoing_edges << edge
-        edge.destination.incoming_edges << edge
-        edge
-      end
-
-      # @!group DeleteEdge
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the origin of the edge
-      attr_reader :origin_name
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the destination of the edge
-      attr_reader :destination_name
-
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that the edge represents
-      attr_reader :requirement
-
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to find vertices from
-      # @return [Edge] The edge this action adds
-      def make_edge(graph)
-        Edge.new(
-          graph.vertex_named(origin_name),
-          graph.vertex_named(destination_name),
-          requirement
-        )
-      end
-
-      # Initialize an action to add an edge to a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] origin_name the name of the origin of the edge
-      # @param [String] destination_name the name of the destination of the edge
-      # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that the edge represents
-      def initialize(origin_name, destination_name, requirement)
-        @origin_name = origin_name
-        @destination_name = destination_name
-        @requirement = requirement
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 36fce7c526..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # @see DependencyGraph#detach_vertex_named
-    class DetachVertexNamed < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action#name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :add_vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        return [] unless @vertex = graph.vertices.delete(name)
-
-        removed_vertices = [@vertex]
-        @vertex.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
-          v = e.destination
-          v.incoming_edges.delete(e)
-          if !v.root? && v.incoming_edges.empty?
-            removed_vertices.concat graph.detach_vertex_named(v.name)
-          end
-        end
-
-        @vertex.incoming_edges.each do |e|
-          v = e.origin
-          v.outgoing_edges.delete(e)
-        end
-
-        removed_vertices
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        return unless @vertex
-        graph.vertices[@vertex.name] = @vertex
-        @vertex.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
-          e.destination.incoming_edges << e
-        end
-        @vertex.incoming_edges.each do |e|
-          e.origin.outgoing_edges << e
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @!group DetachVertexNamed
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex to detach
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # Initialize an action to detach a vertex from a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex to detach
-      def initialize(name)
-        @name = name
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6f0de19886..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'add_edge_no_circular'
-require_relative 'add_vertex'
-require_relative 'delete_edge'
-require_relative 'detach_vertex_named'
-require_relative 'set_payload'
-require_relative 'tag'
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # A log for dependency graph actions
-    class Log
-      # Initializes an empty log
-      def initialize
-        @current_action = @first_action = nil
-      end
-
-      # @!macro [new] action
-      #   {include:DependencyGraph#$0}
-      #   @param [Graph] graph the graph to perform the action on
-      #   @param (see DependencyGraph#$0)
-      #   @return (see DependencyGraph#$0)
-
-      # @macro action
-      def tag(graph, tag)
-        push_action(graph, Tag.new(tag))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def add_vertex(graph, name, payload, root)
-        push_action(graph, AddVertex.new(name, payload, root))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def detach_vertex_named(graph, name)
-        push_action(graph, DetachVertexNamed.new(name))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def add_edge_no_circular(graph, origin, destination, requirement)
-        push_action(graph, AddEdgeNoCircular.new(origin, destination, requirement))
-      end
-
-      # {include:DependencyGraph#delete_edge}
-      # @param [Graph] graph the graph to perform the action on
-      # @param [String] origin_name
-      # @param [String] destination_name
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return (see DependencyGraph#delete_edge)
-      def delete_edge(graph, origin_name, destination_name, requirement)
-        push_action(graph, DeleteEdge.new(origin_name, destination_name, requirement))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def set_payload(graph, name, payload)
-        push_action(graph, SetPayload.new(name, payload))
-      end
-
-      # Pops the most recent action from the log and undoes the action
-      # @param [DependencyGraph] graph
-      # @return [Action] the action that was popped off the log
-      def pop!(graph)
-        return unless action = @current_action
-        unless @current_action = action.previous
-          @first_action = nil
-        end
-        action.down(graph)
-        action
-      end
-
-      extend Enumerable
-
-      # @!visibility private
-      # Enumerates each action in the log
-      # @yield [Action]
-      def each
-        return enum_for unless block_given?
-        action = @first_action
-        loop do
-          break unless action
-          yield action
-          action = action.next
-        end
-        self
-      end
-
-      # @!visibility private
-      # Enumerates each action in the log in reverse order
-      # @yield [Action]
-      def reverse_each
-        return enum_for(:reverse_each) unless block_given?
-        action = @current_action
-        loop do
-          break unless action
-          yield action
-          action = action.previous
-        end
-        self
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def rewind_to(graph, tag)
-        loop do
-          action = pop!(graph)
-          raise "No tag #{tag.inspect} found" unless action
-          break if action.class.action_name == :tag && action.tag == tag
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      # Adds the given action to the log, running the action
-      # @param [DependencyGraph] graph
-      # @param [Action] action
-      # @return The value returned by `action.up`
-      def push_action(graph, action)
-        action.previous = @current_action
-        @current_action.next = action if @current_action
-        @current_action = action
-        @first_action ||= action
-        action.up(graph)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2e9b90e6cd..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # @see DependencyGraph#set_payload
-    class SetPayload < Action # :nodoc:
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :set_payload
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        vertex = graph.vertex_named(name)
-        @old_payload = vertex.payload
-        vertex.payload = payload
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        graph.vertex_named(name).payload = @old_payload
-      end
-
-      # @!group SetPayload
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # @return [Object] the payload for the vertex
-      attr_reader :payload
-
-      # Initialize an action to add set the payload for a vertex in a dependency
-      # graph
-      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
-      # @param [Object] payload the payload for the vertex
-      def initialize(name, payload)
-        @name = name
-        @payload = payload
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5b5da3e4f9..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # @see DependencyGraph#tag
-    class Tag < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :tag
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-      end
-
-      # @!group Tag
-
-      # @return [Object] An opaque tag
-      attr_reader :tag
-
-      # Initialize an action to tag a state of a dependency graph
-      # @param [Object] tag an opaque tag
-      def initialize(tag)
-        @tag = tag
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1185a8ab05..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # A vertex in a {DependencyGraph} that encapsulates a {#name} and a
-    # {#payload}
-    class Vertex
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
-      attr_accessor :name
-
-      # @return [Object] the payload the vertex holds
-      attr_accessor :payload
-
-      # @return [Array<Object>] the explicit requirements that required
-      #   this vertex
-      attr_reader :explicit_requirements
-
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the vertex is considered a root vertex
-      attr_accessor :root
-      alias root? root
-
-      # Initializes a vertex with the given name and payload.
-      # @param [String] name see {#name}
-      # @param [Object] payload see {#payload}
-      def initialize(name, payload)
-        @name = name.frozen? ? name : name.dup.freeze
-        @payload = payload
-        @explicit_requirements = []
-        @outgoing_edges = []
-        @incoming_edges = []
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array<Object>] all of the requirements that required
-      #   this vertex
-      def requirements
-        (incoming_edges.map(&:requirement) + explicit_requirements).uniq
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array<Edge>] the edges of {#graph} that have `self` as their
-      #   {Edge#origin}
-      attr_accessor :outgoing_edges
-
-      # @return [Array<Edge>] the edges of {#graph} that have `self` as their
-      #   {Edge#destination}
-      attr_accessor :incoming_edges
-
-      # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} that have an edge with
-      #   `self` as their {Edge#destination}
-      def predecessors
-        incoming_edges.map(&:origin)
-      end
-
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is a
-      #   {#descendent?}
-      def recursive_predecessors
-        _recursive_predecessors
-      end
-
-      # @param [Set<Vertex>] vertices the set to add the predecessors to
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is a
-      #   {#descendent?}
-      def _recursive_predecessors(vertices = new_vertex_set)
-        incoming_edges.each do |edge|
-          vertex = edge.origin
-          next unless vertices.add?(vertex)
-          vertex._recursive_predecessors(vertices)
-        end
-
-        vertices
-      end
-      protected :_recursive_predecessors
-
-      # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} that have an edge with
-      #   `self` as their {Edge#origin}
-      def successors
-        outgoing_edges.map(&:destination)
-      end
-
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is an
-      #   {#ancestor?}
-      def recursive_successors
-        _recursive_successors
-      end
-
-      # @param [Set<Vertex>] vertices the set to add the successors to
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is an
-      #   {#ancestor?}
-      def _recursive_successors(vertices = new_vertex_set)
-        outgoing_edges.each do |edge|
-          vertex = edge.destination
-          next unless vertices.add?(vertex)
-          vertex._recursive_successors(vertices)
-        end
-
-        vertices
-      end
-      protected :_recursive_successors
-
-      # @return [String] a string suitable for debugging
-      def inspect
-        "#{self.class}:#{name}(#{payload.inspect})"
-      end
-
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the two vertices are equal, determined
-      #   by a recursive traversal of each {Vertex#successors}
-      def ==(other)
-        return true if equal?(other)
-        shallow_eql?(other) &&
-          successors.to_set == other.successors.to_set
-      end
-
-      # @param  [Vertex] other the other vertex to compare to
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the two vertices are equal, determined
-      #   solely by {#name} and {#payload} equality
-      def shallow_eql?(other)
-        return true if equal?(other)
-        other &&
-          name == other.name &&
-          payload == other.payload
-      end
-
-      alias eql? ==
-
-      # @return [Fixnum] a hash for the vertex based upon its {#name}
-      def hash
-        name.hash
-      end
-
-      # Is there a path from `self` to `other` following edges in the
-      # dependency graph?
-      # @return whether there is a path following edges within this {#graph}
-      def path_to?(other)
-        _path_to?(other)
-      end
-
-      alias descendent? path_to?
-
-      # @param [Vertex] other the vertex to check if there's a path to
-      # @param [Set<Vertex>] visited the vertices of {#graph} that have been visited
-      # @return [Boolean] whether there is a path to `other` from `self`
-      def _path_to?(other, visited = new_vertex_set)
-        return false unless visited.add?(self)
-        return true if equal?(other)
-        successors.any? { |v| v._path_to?(other, visited) }
-      end
-      protected :_path_to?
-
-      # Is there a path from `other` to `self` following edges in the
-      # dependency graph?
-      # @return whether there is a path following edges within this {#graph}
-      def ancestor?(other)
-        other.path_to?(self)
-      end
-
-      alias is_reachable_from? ancestor?
-
-      def new_vertex_set
-        require 'set'
-        Set.new
-      end
-      private :new_vertex_set
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8c8cafb447..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # An error that occurred during the resolution process
-  class ResolverError < StandardError; end
-
-  # An error caused by searching for a dependency that is completely unknown,
-  # i.e. has no versions available whatsoever.
-  class NoSuchDependencyError < ResolverError
-    # @return [Object] the dependency that could not be found
-    attr_accessor :dependency
-
-    # @return [Array<Object>] the specifications that depended upon {#dependency}
-    attr_accessor :required_by
-
-    # Initializes a new error with the given missing dependency.
-    # @param [Object] dependency @see {#dependency}
-    # @param [Array<Object>] required_by @see {#required_by}
-    def initialize(dependency, required_by = [])
-      @dependency = dependency
-      @required_by = required_by.uniq
-      super()
-    end
-
-    # The error message for the missing dependency, including the specifications
-    # that had this dependency.
-    def message
-      sources = required_by.map { |r| "`#{r}`" }.join(' and ')
-      message = "Unable to find a specification for `#{dependency}`"
-      message += " depended upon by #{sources}" unless sources.empty?
-      message
-    end
-  end
-
-  # An error caused by attempting to fulfil a dependency that was circular
-  #
-  # @note This exception will be thrown if and only if a {Vertex} is added to a
-  #   {DependencyGraph} that has a {DependencyGraph::Vertex#path_to?} an
-  #   existing {DependencyGraph::Vertex}
-  class CircularDependencyError < ResolverError
-    # [Set<Object>] the dependencies responsible for causing the error
-    attr_reader :dependencies
-
-    # Initializes a new error with the given circular vertices.
-    # @param [Array<DependencyGraph::Vertex>] vertices the vertices in the dependency
-    #   that caused the error
-    def initialize(vertices)
-      super "There is a circular dependency between #{vertices.map(&:name).join(' and ')}"
-      @dependencies = vertices.map { |vertex| vertex.payload.possibilities.last }.to_set
-    end
-  end
-
-  # An error caused by conflicts in version
-  class VersionConflict < ResolverError
-    # @return [{String => Resolution::Conflict}] the conflicts that caused
-    #   resolution to fail
-    attr_reader :conflicts
-
-    # @return [SpecificationProvider] the specification provider used during
-    #   resolution
-    attr_reader :specification_provider
-
-    # Initializes a new error with the given version conflicts.
-    # @param [{String => Resolution::Conflict}] conflicts see {#conflicts}
-    # @param [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider see {#specification_provider}
-    def initialize(conflicts, specification_provider)
-      pairs = []
-      conflicts.values.flat_map(&:requirements).each do |conflicting|
-        conflicting.each do |source, conflict_requirements|
-          conflict_requirements.each do |c|
-            pairs << [c, source]
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      super "Unable to satisfy the following requirements:\n\n" \
-        "#{pairs.map { |r, d| "- `#{r}` required by `#{d}`" }.join("\n")}"
-
-      @conflicts = conflicts
-      @specification_provider = specification_provider
-    end
-
-    require_relative 'delegates/specification_provider'
-    include Delegates::SpecificationProvider
-
-    # @return [String] An error message that includes requirement trees,
-    #   which is much more detailed & customizable than the default message
-    # @param [Hash] opts the options to create a message with.
-    # @option opts [String] :solver_name The user-facing name of the solver
-    # @option opts [String] :possibility_type The generic name of a possibility
-    # @option opts [Proc] :reduce_trees A proc that reduced the list of requirement trees
-    # @option opts [Proc] :printable_requirement A proc that pretty-prints requirements
-    # @option opts [Proc] :additional_message_for_conflict A proc that appends additional
-    #   messages for each conflict
-    # @option opts [Proc] :version_for_spec A proc that returns the version number for a
-    #   possibility
-    def message_with_trees(opts = {})
-      solver_name = opts.delete(:solver_name) { self.class.name.split('::').first }
-      possibility_type = opts.delete(:possibility_type) { 'possibility named' }
-      reduce_trees = opts.delete(:reduce_trees) { proc { |trees| trees.uniq.sort_by(&:to_s) } }
-      printable_requirement = opts.delete(:printable_requirement) { proc { |req| req.to_s } }
-      additional_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:additional_message_for_conflict) { proc {} }
-      version_for_spec = opts.delete(:version_for_spec) { proc(&:to_s) }
-      incompatible_version_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:incompatible_version_message_for_conflict) do
-        proc do |name, _conflict|
-          %(#{solver_name} could not find compatible versions for #{possibility_type} "#{name}":)
-        end
-      end
-
-      full_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:full_message_for_conflict) do
-        proc do |name, conflict|
-          o = "\n".dup << incompatible_version_message_for_conflict.call(name, conflict) << "\n"
-          if conflict.locked_requirement
-            o << %(  In snapshot (#{name_for_locking_dependency_source}):\n)
-            o << %(    #{printable_requirement.call(conflict.locked_requirement)}\n)
-            o << %(\n)
-          end
-          o << %(  In #{name_for_explicit_dependency_source}:\n)
-          trees = reduce_trees.call(conflict.requirement_trees)
-
-          o << trees.map do |tree|
-            t = ''.dup
-            depth = 2
-            tree.each do |req|
-              t << '  ' * depth << printable_requirement.call(req)
-              unless tree.last == req
-                if spec = conflict.activated_by_name[name_for(req)]
-                  t << %( was resolved to #{version_for_spec.call(spec)}, which)
-                end
-                t << %( depends on)
-              end
-              t << %(\n)
-              depth += 1
-            end
-            t
-          end.join("\n")
-
-          additional_message_for_conflict.call(o, name, conflict)
-
-          o
-        end
-      end
-
-      conflicts.sort.reduce(''.dup) do |o, (name, conflict)|
-        o << full_message_for_conflict.call(name, conflict)
-      end.strip
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0cfc21672..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # The version of Bundler::Molinillo.
-  VERSION = '0.8.0'.freeze
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index eeae79af3c..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # Provides information about specifications and dependencies to the resolver,
-  # allowing the {Resolver} class to remain generic while still providing power
-  # and flexibility.
-  #
-  # This module contains the methods that users of Bundler::Molinillo must to implement,
-  # using knowledge of their own model classes.
-  module SpecificationProvider
-    # Search for the specifications that match the given dependency.
-    # The specifications in the returned array will be considered in reverse
-    # order, so the latest version ought to be last.
-    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
-    #   only on the `dependency` parameter.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] dependency
-    # @return [Array<Object>] the specifications that satisfy the given
-    #   `dependency`.
-    def search_for(dependency)
-      []
-    end
-
-    # Returns the dependencies of `specification`.
-    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
-    #   only on the `specification` parameter.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] specification
-    # @return [Array<Object>] the dependencies that are required by the given
-    #   `specification`.
-    def dependencies_for(specification)
-      []
-    end
-
-    # Determines whether the given `requirement` is satisfied by the given
-    # `spec`, in the context of the current `activated` dependency graph.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] requirement
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] activated the current dependency graph in the
-    #   resolution process.
-    # @param [Object] spec
-    # @return [Boolean] whether `requirement` is satisfied by `spec` in the
-    #   context of the current `activated` dependency graph.
-    def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-      true
-    end
-
-    # Determines whether two arrays of dependencies are equal, and thus can be
-    # grouped.
-    #
-    # @param [Array<Object>] dependencies
-    # @param [Array<Object>] other_dependencies
-    # @return [Boolean] whether `dependencies` and `other_dependencies` should
-    #   be considered equal.
-    def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-      dependencies == other_dependencies
-    end
-
-    # Returns the name for the given `dependency`.
-    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
-    #   only on the `dependency` parameter.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] dependency
-    # @return [String] the name for the given `dependency`.
-    def name_for(dependency)
-      dependency.to_s
-    end
-
-    # @return [String] the name of the source of explicit dependencies, i.e.
-    #   those passed to {Resolver#resolve} directly.
-    def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-      'user-specified dependency'
-    end
-
-    # @return [String] the name of the source of 'locked' dependencies, i.e.
-    #   those passed to {Resolver#resolve} directly as the `base`
-    def name_for_locking_dependency_source
-      'Lockfile'
-    end
-
-    # Sort dependencies so that the ones that are easiest to resolve are first.
-    # Easiest to resolve is (usually) defined by:
-    #   1) Is this dependency already activated?
-    #   2) How relaxed are the requirements?
-    #   3) Are there any conflicts for this dependency?
-    #   4) How many possibilities are there to satisfy this dependency?
-    #
-    # @param [Array<Object>] dependencies
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] activated the current dependency graph in the
-    #   resolution process.
-    # @param [{String => Array<Conflict>}] conflicts
-    # @return [Array<Object>] a sorted copy of `dependencies`.
-    def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-      dependencies.sort_by do |dependency|
-        name = name_for(dependency)
-        [
-          activated.vertex_named(name).payload ? 0 : 1,
-          conflicts[name] ? 0 : 1,
-        ]
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Returns whether this dependency, which has no possible matching
-    # specifications, can safely be ignored.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] dependency
-    # @return [Boolean] whether this dependency can safely be skipped.
-    def allow_missing?(dependency)
-      false
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index a166bc6991..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # Conveys information about the resolution process to a user.
-  module UI
-    # The {IO} object that should be used to print output. `STDOUT`, by default.
-    #
-    # @return [IO]
-    def output
-      STDOUT
-    end
-
-    # Called roughly every {#progress_rate}, this method should convey progress
-    # to the user.
-    #
-    # @return [void]
-    def indicate_progress
-      output.print '.' unless debug?
-    end
-
-    # How often progress should be conveyed to the user via
-    # {#indicate_progress}, in seconds. A third of a second, by default.
-    #
-    # @return [Float]
-    def progress_rate
-      0.33
-    end
-
-    # Called before resolution begins.
-    #
-    # @return [void]
-    def before_resolution
-      output.print 'Resolving dependencies...'
-    end
-
-    # Called after resolution ends (either successfully or with an error).
-    # By default, prints a newline.
-    #
-    # @return [void]
-    def after_resolution
-      output.puts
-    end
-
-    # Conveys debug information to the user.
-    #
-    # @param [Integer] depth the current depth of the resolution process.
-    # @return [void]
-    def debug(depth = 0)
-      if debug?
-        debug_info = yield
-        debug_info = debug_info.inspect unless debug_info.is_a?(String)
-        debug_info = debug_info.split("\n").map { |s| ":#{depth.to_s.rjust 4}: #{s}" }
-        output.puts debug_info
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Whether or not debug messages should be printed.
-    # By default, whether or not the `MOLINILLO_DEBUG` environment variable is
-    # set.
-    #
-    # @return [Boolean]
-    def debug?
-      return @debug_mode if defined?(@debug_mode)
-      @debug_mode = ENV['MOLINILLO_DEBUG']
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c689ca7635..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,839 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  class Resolver
-    # A specific resolution from a given {Resolver}
-    class Resolution
-      # A conflict that the resolution process encountered
-      # @attr [Object] requirement the requirement that immediately led to the conflict
-      # @attr [{String,Nil=>[Object]}] requirements the requirements that caused the conflict
-      # @attr [Object, nil] existing the existing spec that was in conflict with
-      #   the {#possibility}
-      # @attr [Object] possibility_set the set of specs that was unable to be
-      #   activated due to a conflict.
-      # @attr [Object] locked_requirement the relevant locking requirement.
-      # @attr [Array<Array<Object>>] requirement_trees the different requirement
-      #   trees that led to every requirement for the conflicting name.
-      # @attr [{String=>Object}] activated_by_name the already-activated specs.
-      # @attr [Object] underlying_error an error that has occurred during resolution, and
-      #    will be raised at the end of it if no resolution is found.
-      Conflict = Struct.new(
-        :requirement,
-        :requirements,
-        :existing,
-        :possibility_set,
-        :locked_requirement,
-        :requirement_trees,
-        :activated_by_name,
-        :underlying_error
-      )
-
-      class Conflict
-        # @return [Object] a spec that was unable to be activated due to a conflict
-        def possibility
-          possibility_set && possibility_set.latest_version
-        end
-      end
-
-      # A collection of possibility states that share the same dependencies
-      # @attr [Array] dependencies the dependencies for this set of possibilities
-      # @attr [Array] possibilities the possibilities
-      PossibilitySet = Struct.new(:dependencies, :possibilities)
-
-      class PossibilitySet
-        # String representation of the possibility set, for debugging
-        def to_s
-          "[#{possibilities.join(', ')}]"
-        end
-
-        # @return [Object] most up-to-date dependency in the possibility set
-        def latest_version
-          possibilities.last
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Details of the state to unwind to when a conflict occurs, and the cause of the unwind
-      # @attr [Integer] state_index the index of the state to unwind to
-      # @attr [Object] state_requirement the requirement of the state we're unwinding to
-      # @attr [Array] requirement_tree for the requirement we're relaxing
-      # @attr [Array] conflicting_requirements the requirements that combined to cause the conflict
-      # @attr [Array] requirement_trees for the conflict
-      # @attr [Array] requirements_unwound_to_instead array of unwind requirements that were chosen over this unwind
-      UnwindDetails = Struct.new(
-        :state_index,
-        :state_requirement,
-        :requirement_tree,
-        :conflicting_requirements,
-        :requirement_trees,
-        :requirements_unwound_to_instead
-      )
-
-      class UnwindDetails
-        include Comparable
-
-        # We compare UnwindDetails when choosing which state to unwind to. If
-        # two options have the same state_index we prefer the one most
-        # removed from a requirement that caused the conflict. Both options
-        # would unwind to the same state, but a `grandparent` option will
-        # filter out fewer of its possibilities after doing so - where a state
-        # is both a `parent` and a `grandparent` to requirements that have
-        # caused a conflict this is the correct behaviour.
-        # @param [UnwindDetail] other UnwindDetail to be compared
-        # @return [Integer] integer specifying ordering
-        def <=>(other)
-          if state_index > other.state_index
-            1
-          elsif state_index == other.state_index
-            reversed_requirement_tree_index <=> other.reversed_requirement_tree_index
-          else
-            -1
-          end
-        end
-
-        # @return [Integer] index of state requirement in reversed requirement tree
-        #    (the conflicting requirement itself will be at position 0)
-        def reversed_requirement_tree_index
-          @reversed_requirement_tree_index ||=
-            if state_requirement
-              requirement_tree.reverse.index(state_requirement)
-            else
-              999_999
-            end
-        end
-
-        # @return [Boolean] where the requirement of the state we're unwinding
-        #    to directly caused the conflict. Note: in this case, it is
-        #    impossible for the state we're unwinding to to be a parent of
-        #    any of the other conflicting requirements (or we would have
-        #    circularity)
-        def unwinding_to_primary_requirement?
-          requirement_tree.last == state_requirement
-        end
-
-        # @return [Array] array of sub-dependencies to avoid when choosing a
-        #    new possibility for the state we've unwound to. Only relevant for
-        #    non-primary unwinds
-        def sub_dependencies_to_avoid
-          @requirements_to_avoid ||=
-            requirement_trees.map do |tree|
-              index = tree.index(state_requirement)
-              tree[index + 1] if index
-            end.compact
-        end
-
-        # @return [Array] array of all the requirements that led to the need for
-        #    this unwind
-        def all_requirements
-          @all_requirements ||= requirement_trees.flatten(1)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @return [SpecificationProvider] the provider that knows about
-      #   dependencies, requirements, specifications, versions, etc.
-      attr_reader :specification_provider
-
-      # @return [UI] the UI that knows how to communicate feedback about the
-      #   resolution process back to the user
-      attr_reader :resolver_ui
-
-      # @return [DependencyGraph] the base dependency graph to which
-      #   dependencies should be 'locked'
-      attr_reader :base
-
-      # @return [Array] the dependencies that were explicitly required
-      attr_reader :original_requested
-
-      # Initializes a new resolution.
-      # @param [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider
-      #   see {#specification_provider}
-      # @param [UI] resolver_ui see {#resolver_ui}
-      # @param [Array] requested see {#original_requested}
-      # @param [DependencyGraph] base see {#base}
-      def initialize(specification_provider, resolver_ui, requested, base)
-        @specification_provider = specification_provider
-        @resolver_ui = resolver_ui
-        @original_requested = requested
-        @base = base
-        @states = []
-        @iteration_counter = 0
-        @parents_of = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
-      end
-
-      # Resolves the {#original_requested} dependencies into a full dependency
-      #   graph
-      # @raise [ResolverError] if successful resolution is impossible
-      # @return [DependencyGraph] the dependency graph of successfully resolved
-      #   dependencies
-      def resolve
-        start_resolution
-
-        while state
-          break if !state.requirement && state.requirements.empty?
-          indicate_progress
-          if state.respond_to?(:pop_possibility_state) # DependencyState
-            debug(depth) { "Creating possibility state for #{requirement} (#{possibilities.count} remaining)" }
-            state.pop_possibility_state.tap do |s|
-              if s
-                states.push(s)
-                activated.tag(s)
-              end
-            end
-          end
-          process_topmost_state
-        end
-
-        resolve_activated_specs
-      ensure
-        end_resolution
-      end
-
-      # @return [Integer] the number of resolver iterations in between calls to
-      #   {#resolver_ui}'s {UI#indicate_progress} method
-      attr_accessor :iteration_rate
-      private :iteration_rate
-
-      # @return [Time] the time at which resolution began
-      attr_accessor :started_at
-      private :started_at
-
-      # @return [Array<ResolutionState>] the stack of states for the resolution
-      attr_accessor :states
-      private :states
-
-      private
-
-      # Sets up the resolution process
-      # @return [void]
-      def start_resolution
-        @started_at = Time.now
-
-        push_initial_state
-
-        debug { "Starting resolution (#{@started_at})\nUser-requested dependencies: #{original_requested}" }
-        resolver_ui.before_resolution
-      end
-
-      def resolve_activated_specs
-        activated.vertices.each do |_, vertex|
-          next unless vertex.payload
-
-          latest_version = vertex.payload.possibilities.reverse_each.find do |possibility|
-            vertex.requirements.all? { |req| requirement_satisfied_by?(req, activated, possibility) }
-          end
-
-          activated.set_payload(vertex.name, latest_version)
-        end
-        activated.freeze
-      end
-
-      # Ends the resolution process
-      # @return [void]
-      def end_resolution
-        resolver_ui.after_resolution
-        debug do
-          "Finished resolution (#{@iteration_counter} steps) " \
-          "(Took #{(ended_at = Time.now) - @started_at} seconds) (#{ended_at})"
-        end
-        debug { 'Unactivated: ' + Hash[activated.vertices.reject { |_n, v| v.payload }].keys.join(', ') } if state
-        debug { 'Activated: ' + Hash[activated.vertices.select { |_n, v| v.payload }].keys.join(', ') } if state
-      end
-
-      require_relative 'state'
-      require_relative 'modules/specification_provider'
-
-      require_relative 'delegates/resolution_state'
-      require_relative 'delegates/specification_provider'
-
-      include Bundler::Molinillo::Delegates::ResolutionState
-      include Bundler::Molinillo::Delegates::SpecificationProvider
-
-      # Processes the topmost available {RequirementState} on the stack
-      # @return [void]
-      def process_topmost_state
-        if possibility
-          attempt_to_activate
-        else
-          create_conflict
-          unwind_for_conflict
-        end
-      rescue CircularDependencyError => underlying_error
-        create_conflict(underlying_error)
-        unwind_for_conflict
-      end
-
-      # @return [Object] the current possibility that the resolution is trying
-      #   to activate
-      def possibility
-        possibilities.last
-      end
-
-      # @return [RequirementState] the current state the resolution is
-      #   operating upon
-      def state
-        states.last
-      end
-
-      # Creates and pushes the initial state for the resolution, based upon the
-      # {#requested} dependencies
-      # @return [void]
-      def push_initial_state
-        graph = DependencyGraph.new.tap do |dg|
-          original_requested.each do |requested|
-            vertex = dg.add_vertex(name_for(requested), nil, true)
-            vertex.explicit_requirements << requested
-          end
-          dg.tag(:initial_state)
-        end
-
-        push_state_for_requirements(original_requested, true, graph)
-      end
-
-      # Unwinds the states stack because a conflict has been encountered
-      # @return [void]
-      def unwind_for_conflict
-        details_for_unwind = build_details_for_unwind
-        unwind_options = unused_unwind_options
-        debug(depth) { "Unwinding for conflict: #{requirement} to #{details_for_unwind.state_index / 2}" }
-        conflicts.tap do |c|
-          sliced_states = states.slice!((details_for_unwind.state_index + 1)..-1)
-          raise_error_unless_state(c)
-          activated.rewind_to(sliced_states.first || :initial_state) if sliced_states
-          state.conflicts = c
-          state.unused_unwind_options = unwind_options
-          filter_possibilities_after_unwind(details_for_unwind)
-          index = states.size - 1
-          @parents_of.each { |_, a| a.reject! { |i| i >= index } }
-          state.unused_unwind_options.reject! { |uw| uw.state_index >= index }
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Raises a VersionConflict error, or any underlying error, if there is no
-      # current state
-      # @return [void]
-      def raise_error_unless_state(conflicts)
-        return if state
-
-        error = conflicts.values.map(&:underlying_error).compact.first
-        raise error || VersionConflict.new(conflicts, specification_provider)
-      end
-
-      # @return [UnwindDetails] Details of the nearest index to which we could unwind
-      def build_details_for_unwind
-        # Get the possible unwinds for the current conflict
-        current_conflict = conflicts[name]
-        binding_requirements = binding_requirements_for_conflict(current_conflict)
-        unwind_details = unwind_options_for_requirements(binding_requirements)
-
-        last_detail_for_current_unwind = unwind_details.sort.last
-        current_detail = last_detail_for_current_unwind
-
-        # Look for past conflicts that could be unwound to affect the
-        # requirement tree for the current conflict
-        all_reqs = last_detail_for_current_unwind.all_requirements
-        all_reqs_size = all_reqs.size
-        relevant_unused_unwinds = unused_unwind_options.select do |alternative|
-          diff_reqs = all_reqs - alternative.requirements_unwound_to_instead
-          next if diff_reqs.size == all_reqs_size
-          # Find the highest index unwind whilst looping through
-          current_detail = alternative if alternative > current_detail
-          alternative
-        end
-
-        # Add the current unwind options to the `unused_unwind_options` array.
-        # The "used" option will be filtered out during `unwind_for_conflict`.
-        state.unused_unwind_options += unwind_details.reject { |detail| detail.state_index == -1 }
-
-        # Update the requirements_unwound_to_instead on any relevant unused unwinds
-        relevant_unused_unwinds.each do |d|
-          (d.requirements_unwound_to_instead << current_detail.state_requirement).uniq!
-        end
-        unwind_details.each do |d|
-          (d.requirements_unwound_to_instead << current_detail.state_requirement).uniq!
-        end
-
-        current_detail
-      end
-
-      # @param [Array<Object>] binding_requirements array of requirements that combine to create a conflict
-      # @return [Array<UnwindDetails>] array of UnwindDetails that have a chance
-      #    of resolving the passed requirements
-      def unwind_options_for_requirements(binding_requirements)
-        unwind_details = []
-
-        trees = []
-        binding_requirements.reverse_each do |r|
-          partial_tree = [r]
-          trees << partial_tree
-          unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(-1, nil, partial_tree, binding_requirements, trees, [])
-
-          # If this requirement has alternative possibilities, check if any would
-          # satisfy the other requirements that created this conflict
-          requirement_state = find_state_for(r)
-          if conflict_fixing_possibilities?(requirement_state, binding_requirements)
-            unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
-              states.index(requirement_state),
-              r,
-              partial_tree,
-              binding_requirements,
-              trees,
-              []
-            )
-          end
-
-          # Next, look at the parent of this requirement, and check if the requirement
-          # could have been avoided if an alternative PossibilitySet had been chosen
-          parent_r = parent_of(r)
-          next if parent_r.nil?
-          partial_tree.unshift(parent_r)
-          requirement_state = find_state_for(parent_r)
-          if requirement_state.possibilities.any? { |set| !set.dependencies.include?(r) }
-            unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
-              states.index(requirement_state),
-              parent_r,
-              partial_tree,
-              binding_requirements,
-              trees,
-              []
-            )
-          end
-
-          # Finally, look at the grandparent and up of this requirement, looking
-          # for any possibilities that wouldn't create their parent requirement
-          grandparent_r = parent_of(parent_r)
-          until grandparent_r.nil?
-            partial_tree.unshift(grandparent_r)
-            requirement_state = find_state_for(grandparent_r)
-            if requirement_state.possibilities.any? { |set| !set.dependencies.include?(parent_r) }
-              unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
-                states.index(requirement_state),
-                grandparent_r,
-                partial_tree,
-                binding_requirements,
-                trees,
-                []
-              )
-            end
-            parent_r = grandparent_r
-            grandparent_r = parent_of(parent_r)
-          end
-        end
-
-        unwind_details
-      end
-
-      # @param [DependencyState] state
-      # @param [Array] binding_requirements array of requirements
-      # @return [Boolean] whether or not the given state has any possibilities
-      #    that could satisfy the given requirements
-      def conflict_fixing_possibilities?(state, binding_requirements)
-        return false unless state
-
-        state.possibilities.any? do |possibility_set|
-          possibility_set.possibilities.any? do |poss|
-            possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, binding_requirements)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would not fix the
-      # conflict we've just rewound from
-      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just
-      #   unwound from
-      # @return [void]
-      def filter_possibilities_after_unwind(unwind_details)
-        return unless state && !state.possibilities.empty?
-
-        if unwind_details.unwinding_to_primary_requirement?
-          filter_possibilities_for_primary_unwind(unwind_details)
-        else
-          filter_possibilities_for_parent_unwind(unwind_details)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would not satisfy
-      # the requirements in the conflict we've just rewound from
-      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just unwound from
-      # @return [void]
-      def filter_possibilities_for_primary_unwind(unwind_details)
-        unwinds_to_state = unused_unwind_options.select { |uw| uw.state_index == unwind_details.state_index }
-        unwinds_to_state << unwind_details
-        unwind_requirement_sets = unwinds_to_state.map(&:conflicting_requirements)
-
-        state.possibilities.reject! do |possibility_set|
-          possibility_set.possibilities.none? do |poss|
-            unwind_requirement_sets.any? do |requirements|
-              possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, requirements)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] possibility a single possibility
-      # @param [Array] requirements an array of requirements
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the possibility satisfies all of the
-      #    given requirements
-      def possibility_satisfies_requirements?(possibility, requirements)
-        name = name_for(possibility)
-
-        activated.tag(:swap)
-        activated.set_payload(name, possibility) if activated.vertex_named(name)
-        satisfied = requirements.all? { |r| requirement_satisfied_by?(r, activated, possibility) }
-        activated.rewind_to(:swap)
-
-        satisfied
-      end
-
-      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would (eventually)
-      # create a requirement in the conflict we've just rewound from
-      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just unwound from
-      # @return [void]
-      def filter_possibilities_for_parent_unwind(unwind_details)
-        unwinds_to_state = unused_unwind_options.select { |uw| uw.state_index == unwind_details.state_index }
-        unwinds_to_state << unwind_details
-
-        primary_unwinds = unwinds_to_state.select(&:unwinding_to_primary_requirement?).uniq
-        parent_unwinds = unwinds_to_state.uniq - primary_unwinds
-
-        allowed_possibility_sets = primary_unwinds.flat_map do |unwind|
-          states[unwind.state_index].possibilities.select do |possibility_set|
-            possibility_set.possibilities.any? do |poss|
-              possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, unwind.conflicting_requirements)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        requirements_to_avoid = parent_unwinds.flat_map(&:sub_dependencies_to_avoid)
-
-        state.possibilities.reject! do |possibility_set|
-          !allowed_possibility_sets.include?(possibility_set) &&
-            (requirements_to_avoid - possibility_set.dependencies).empty?
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @param [Conflict] conflict
-      # @return [Array] minimal array of requirements that would cause the passed
-      #    conflict to occur.
-      def binding_requirements_for_conflict(conflict)
-        return [conflict.requirement] if conflict.possibility.nil?
-
-        possible_binding_requirements = conflict.requirements.values.flatten(1).uniq
-
-        # When there's a `CircularDependency` error the conflicting requirement
-        # (the one causing the circular) won't be `conflict.requirement`
-        # (which won't be for the right state, because we won't have created it,
-        # because it's circular).
-        # We need to make sure we have that requirement in the conflict's list,
-        # otherwise we won't be able to unwind properly, so we just return all
-        # the requirements for the conflict.
-        return possible_binding_requirements if conflict.underlying_error
-
-        possibilities = search_for(conflict.requirement)
-
-        # If all the requirements together don't filter out all possibilities,
-        # then the only two requirements we need to consider are the initial one
-        # (where the dependency's version was first chosen) and the last
-        if binding_requirement_in_set?(nil, possible_binding_requirements, possibilities)
-          return [conflict.requirement, requirement_for_existing_name(name_for(conflict.requirement))].compact
-        end
-
-        # Loop through the possible binding requirements, removing each one
-        # that doesn't bind. Use a `reverse_each` as we want the earliest set of
-        # binding requirements, and don't use `reject!` as we wish to refine the
-        # array *on each iteration*.
-        binding_requirements = possible_binding_requirements.dup
-        possible_binding_requirements.reverse_each do |req|
-          next if req == conflict.requirement
-          unless binding_requirement_in_set?(req, binding_requirements, possibilities)
-            binding_requirements -= [req]
-          end
-        end
-
-        binding_requirements
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement we wish to check
-      # @param [Array] possible_binding_requirements array of requirements
-      # @param [Array] possibilities array of possibilities the requirements will be used to filter
-      # @return [Boolean] whether or not the given requirement is required to filter
-      #    out all elements of the array of possibilities.
-      def binding_requirement_in_set?(requirement, possible_binding_requirements, possibilities)
-        possibilities.any? do |poss|
-          possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, possible_binding_requirements - [requirement])
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that led to `requirement` being added
-      #   to the list of requirements.
-      def parent_of(requirement)
-        return unless requirement
-        return unless index = @parents_of[requirement].last
-        return unless parent_state = @states[index]
-        parent_state.requirement
-      end
-
-      # @param [String] name
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that led to a version of a possibility
-      #   with the given name being activated.
-      def requirement_for_existing_name(name)
-        return nil unless vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        return nil unless vertex.payload
-        states.find { |s| s.name == name }.requirement
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return [ResolutionState] the state whose `requirement` is the given
-      #   `requirement`.
-      def find_state_for(requirement)
-        return nil unless requirement
-        states.find { |i| requirement == i.requirement }
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] underlying_error
-      # @return [Conflict] a {Conflict} that reflects the failure to activate
-      #   the {#possibility} in conjunction with the current {#state}
-      def create_conflict(underlying_error = nil)
-        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        locked_requirement = locked_requirement_named(name)
-
-        requirements = {}
-        unless vertex.explicit_requirements.empty?
-          requirements[name_for_explicit_dependency_source] = vertex.explicit_requirements
-        end
-        requirements[name_for_locking_dependency_source] = [locked_requirement] if locked_requirement
-        vertex.incoming_edges.each do |edge|
-          (requirements[edge.origin.payload.latest_version] ||= []).unshift(edge.requirement)
-        end
-
-        activated_by_name = {}
-        activated.each { |v| activated_by_name[v.name] = v.payload.latest_version if v.payload }
-        conflicts[name] = Conflict.new(
-          requirement,
-          requirements,
-          vertex.payload && vertex.payload.latest_version,
-          possibility,
-          locked_requirement,
-          requirement_trees,
-          activated_by_name,
-          underlying_error
-        )
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array<Array<Object>>] The different requirement
-      #   trees that led to every requirement for the current spec.
-      def requirement_trees
-        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        vertex.requirements.map { |r| requirement_tree_for(r) }
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return [Array<Object>] the list of requirements that led to
-      #   `requirement` being required.
-      def requirement_tree_for(requirement)
-        tree = []
-        while requirement
-          tree.unshift(requirement)
-          requirement = parent_of(requirement)
-        end
-        tree
-      end
-
-      # Indicates progress roughly once every second
-      # @return [void]
-      def indicate_progress
-        @iteration_counter += 1
-        @progress_rate ||= resolver_ui.progress_rate
-        if iteration_rate.nil?
-          if Time.now - started_at >= @progress_rate
-            self.iteration_rate = @iteration_counter
-          end
-        end
-
-        if iteration_rate && (@iteration_counter % iteration_rate) == 0
-          resolver_ui.indicate_progress
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Calls the {#resolver_ui}'s {UI#debug} method
-      # @param [Integer] depth the depth of the {#states} stack
-      # @param [Proc] block a block that yields a {#to_s}
-      # @return [void]
-      def debug(depth = 0, &block)
-        resolver_ui.debug(depth, &block)
-      end
-
-      # Attempts to activate the current {#possibility}
-      # @return [void]
-      def attempt_to_activate
-        debug(depth) { 'Attempting to activate ' + possibility.to_s }
-        existing_vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        if existing_vertex.payload
-          debug(depth) { "Found existing spec (#{existing_vertex.payload})" }
-          attempt_to_filter_existing_spec(existing_vertex)
-        else
-          latest = possibility.latest_version
-          possibility.possibilities.select! do |possibility|
-            requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, possibility)
-          end
-          if possibility.latest_version.nil?
-            # ensure there's a possibility for better error messages
-            possibility.possibilities << latest if latest
-            create_conflict
-            unwind_for_conflict
-          else
-            activate_new_spec
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Attempts to update the existing vertex's `PossibilitySet` with a filtered version
-      # @return [void]
-      def attempt_to_filter_existing_spec(vertex)
-        filtered_set = filtered_possibility_set(vertex)
-        if !filtered_set.possibilities.empty?
-          activated.set_payload(name, filtered_set)
-          new_requirements = requirements.dup
-          push_state_for_requirements(new_requirements, false)
-        else
-          create_conflict
-          debug(depth) { "Unsatisfied by existing spec (#{vertex.payload})" }
-          unwind_for_conflict
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Generates a filtered version of the existing vertex's `PossibilitySet` using the
-      # current state's `requirement`
-      # @param [Object] vertex existing vertex
-      # @return [PossibilitySet] filtered possibility set
-      def filtered_possibility_set(vertex)
-        PossibilitySet.new(vertex.payload.dependencies, vertex.payload.possibilities & possibility.possibilities)
-      end
-
-      # @param [String] requirement_name the spec name to search for
-      # @return [Object] the locked spec named `requirement_name`, if one
-      #   is found on {#base}
-      def locked_requirement_named(requirement_name)
-        vertex = base.vertex_named(requirement_name)
-        vertex && vertex.payload
-      end
-
-      # Add the current {#possibility} to the dependency graph of the current
-      # {#state}
-      # @return [void]
-      def activate_new_spec
-        conflicts.delete(name)
-        debug(depth) { "Activated #{name} at #{possibility}" }
-        activated.set_payload(name, possibility)
-        require_nested_dependencies_for(possibility)
-      end
-
-      # Requires the dependencies that the recently activated spec has
-      # @param [Object] possibility_set the PossibilitySet that has just been
-      #   activated
-      # @return [void]
-      def require_nested_dependencies_for(possibility_set)
-        nested_dependencies = dependencies_for(possibility_set.latest_version)
-        debug(depth) { "Requiring nested dependencies (#{nested_dependencies.join(', ')})" }
-        nested_dependencies.each do |d|
-          activated.add_child_vertex(name_for(d), nil, [name_for(possibility_set.latest_version)], d)
-          parent_index = states.size - 1
-          parents = @parents_of[d]
-          parents << parent_index if parents.empty?
-        end
-
-        push_state_for_requirements(requirements + nested_dependencies, !nested_dependencies.empty?)
-      end
-
-      # Pushes a new {DependencyState} that encapsulates both existing and new
-      # requirements
-      # @param [Array] new_requirements
-      # @param [Boolean] requires_sort
-      # @param [Object] new_activated
-      # @return [void]
-      def push_state_for_requirements(new_requirements, requires_sort = true, new_activated = activated)
-        new_requirements = sort_dependencies(new_requirements.uniq, new_activated, conflicts) if requires_sort
-        new_requirement = nil
-        loop do
-          new_requirement = new_requirements.shift
-          break if new_requirement.nil? || states.none? { |s| s.requirement == new_requirement }
-        end
-        new_name = new_requirement ? name_for(new_requirement) : ''.freeze
-        possibilities = possibilities_for_requirement(new_requirement)
-        handle_missing_or_push_dependency_state DependencyState.new(
-          new_name, new_requirements, new_activated,
-          new_requirement, possibilities, depth, conflicts.dup, unused_unwind_options.dup
-        )
-      end
-
-      # Checks a proposed requirement with any existing locked requirement
-      # before generating an array of possibilities for it.
-      # @param [Object] requirement the proposed requirement
-      # @param [Object] activated
-      # @return [Array] possibilities
-      def possibilities_for_requirement(requirement, activated = self.activated)
-        return [] unless requirement
-        if locked_requirement_named(name_for(requirement))
-          return locked_requirement_possibility_set(requirement, activated)
-        end
-
-        group_possibilities(search_for(requirement))
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement the proposed requirement
-      # @param [Object] activated
-      # @return [Array] possibility set containing only the locked requirement, if any
-      def locked_requirement_possibility_set(requirement, activated = self.activated)
-        all_possibilities = search_for(requirement)
-        locked_requirement = locked_requirement_named(name_for(requirement))
-
-        # Longwinded way to build a possibilities array with either the locked
-        # requirement or nothing in it. Required, since the API for
-        # locked_requirement isn't guaranteed.
-        locked_possibilities = all_possibilities.select do |possibility|
-          requirement_satisfied_by?(locked_requirement, activated, possibility)
-        end
-
-        group_possibilities(locked_possibilities)
-      end
-
-      # Build an array of PossibilitySets, with each element representing a group of
-      # dependency versions that all have the same sub-dependency version constraints
-      # and are contiguous.
-      # @param [Array] possibilities an array of possibilities
-      # @return [Array<PossibilitySet>] an array of possibility sets
-      def group_possibilities(possibilities)
-        possibility_sets = []
-        current_possibility_set = nil
-
-        possibilities.reverse_each do |possibility|
-          dependencies = dependencies_for(possibility)
-          if current_possibility_set && dependencies_equal?(current_possibility_set.dependencies, dependencies)
-            current_possibility_set.possibilities.unshift(possibility)
-          else
-            possibility_sets.unshift(PossibilitySet.new(dependencies, [possibility]))
-            current_possibility_set = possibility_sets.first
-          end
-        end
-
-        possibility_sets
-      end
-
-      # Pushes a new {DependencyState}.
-      # If the {#specification_provider} says to
-      # {SpecificationProvider#allow_missing?} that particular requirement, and
-      # there are no possibilities for that requirement, then `state` is not
-      # pushed, and the vertex in {#activated} is removed, and we continue
-      # resolving the remaining requirements.
-      # @param [DependencyState] state
-      # @return [void]
-      def handle_missing_or_push_dependency_state(state)
-        if state.requirement && state.possibilities.empty? && allow_missing?(state.requirement)
-          state.activated.detach_vertex_named(state.name)
-          push_state_for_requirements(state.requirements.dup, false, state.activated)
-        else
-          states.push(state).tap { activated.tag(state) }
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eaab5991..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'dependency_graph'
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # This class encapsulates a dependency resolver.
-  # The resolver is responsible for determining which set of dependencies to
-  # activate, with feedback from the {#specification_provider}
-  #
-  #
-  class Resolver
-    require_relative 'resolution'
-
-    # @return [SpecificationProvider] the specification provider used
-    #   in the resolution process
-    attr_reader :specification_provider
-
-    # @return [UI] the UI module used to communicate back to the user
-    #   during the resolution process
-    attr_reader :resolver_ui
-
-    # Initializes a new resolver.
-    # @param  [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider
-    #   see {#specification_provider}
-    # @param  [UI] resolver_ui
-    #   see {#resolver_ui}
-    def initialize(specification_provider, resolver_ui)
-      @specification_provider = specification_provider
-      @resolver_ui = resolver_ui
-    end
-
-    # Resolves the requested dependencies into a {DependencyGraph},
-    # locking to the base dependency graph (if specified)
-    # @param [Array] requested an array of 'requested' dependencies that the
-    #   {#specification_provider} can understand
-    # @param [DependencyGraph,nil] base the base dependency graph to which
-    #   dependencies should be 'locked'
-    def resolve(requested, base = DependencyGraph.new)
-      Resolution.new(specification_provider,
-                     resolver_ui,
-                     requested,
-                     base).
-        resolve
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68fa1f54e3..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler::Molinillo
-  # A state that a {Resolution} can be in
-  # @attr [String] name the name of the current requirement
-  # @attr [Array<Object>] requirements currently unsatisfied requirements
-  # @attr [DependencyGraph] activated the graph of activated dependencies
-  # @attr [Object] requirement the current requirement
-  # @attr [Object] possibilities the possibilities to satisfy the current requirement
-  # @attr [Integer] depth the depth of the resolution
-  # @attr [Hash] conflicts unresolved conflicts, indexed by dependency name
-  # @attr [Array<UnwindDetails>] unused_unwind_options unwinds for previous conflicts that weren't explored
-  ResolutionState = Struct.new(
-    :name,
-    :requirements,
-    :activated,
-    :requirement,
-    :possibilities,
-    :depth,
-    :conflicts,
-    :unused_unwind_options
-  )
-
-  class ResolutionState
-    # Returns an empty resolution state
-    # @return [ResolutionState] an empty state
-    def self.empty
-      new(nil, [], DependencyGraph.new, nil, nil, 0, {}, [])
-    end
-  end
-
-  # A state that encapsulates a set of {#requirements} with an {Array} of
-  # possibilities
-  class DependencyState < ResolutionState
-    # Removes a possibility from `self`
-    # @return [PossibilityState] a state with a single possibility,
-    #  the possibility that was removed from `self`
-    def pop_possibility_state
-      PossibilityState.new(
-        name,
-        requirements.dup,
-        activated,
-        requirement,
-        [possibilities.pop],
-        depth + 1,
-        conflicts.dup,
-        unused_unwind_options.dup
-      ).tap do |state|
-        state.activated.tag(state)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  # A state that encapsulates a single possibility to fulfill the given
-  # {#requirement}
-  class PossibilityState < ResolutionState
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent.rb
index a4e1c5a750..c15b346330 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-require 'net/http'
-require_relative '../../../../uri/lib/uri'
+require_relative '../../../../../vendored_net_http'
+require_relative '../../../../../vendored_uri'
 require 'cgi' # for escaping
 require_relative '../../../../connection_pool/lib/connection_pool'
 
 autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
 
 ##
-# Persistent connections for Net::HTTP
+# Persistent connections for Gem::Net::HTTP
 #
-# Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent maintains persistent connections across all the
+# Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent maintains persistent connections across all the
 # servers you wish to talk to.  For each host:port you communicate with a
 # single persistent connection is created.
 #
@@ -22,34 +22,34 @@ autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
 #
 #   require 'bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent'
 #
-#   uri = Bundler::URI 'http://example.com/awesome/web/service'
+#   uri = Gem::URI 'http://example.com/awesome/web/service'
 #
-#   http = Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent.new
+#   http = Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent.new
 #
 #   # perform a GET
 #   response = http.request uri
 #
 #   # or
 #
-#   get = Net::HTTP::Get.new uri.request_uri
+#   get = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new uri.request_uri
 #   response = http.request get
 #
 #   # create a POST
 #   post_uri = uri + 'create'
-#   post = Net::HTTP::Post.new post_uri.path
+#   post = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new post_uri.path
 #   post.set_form_data 'some' => 'cool data'
 #
-#   # perform the POST, the Bundler::URI is always required
+#   # perform the POST, the Gem::URI is always required
 #   response http.request post_uri, post
 #
 # Note that for GET, HEAD and other requests that do not have a body you want
-# to use Bundler::URI#request_uri not Bundler::URI#path.  The request_uri contains the query
+# to use Gem::URI#request_uri not Gem::URI#path.  The request_uri contains the query
 # params which are sent in the body for other requests.
 #
 # == TLS/SSL
 #
 # TLS connections are automatically created depending upon the scheme of the
-# Bundler::URI.  TLS connections are automatically verified against the default
+# Gem::URI.  TLS connections are automatically verified against the default
 # certificate store for your computer.  You can override this by changing
 # verify_mode or by specifying an alternate cert_store.
 #
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
 # == Proxies
 #
 # A proxy can be set through #proxy= or at initialization time by providing a
-# second argument to ::new.  The proxy may be the Bundler::URI of the proxy server or
+# second argument to ::new.  The proxy may be the Gem::URI of the proxy server or
 # <code>:ENV</code> which will consult environment variables.
 #
 # See #proxy= and #proxy_from_env for details.
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
 #
 # === Segregation
 #
-# Each Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent instance has its own pool of connections.  There
+# Each Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent instance has its own pool of connections.  There
 # is no sharing with other instances (as was true in earlier versions).
 #
 # === Idle Timeout
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
 #
 # === Connection Termination
 #
-# If you are done using the Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent instance you may shut down
+# If you are done using the Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent instance you may shut down
 # all the connections in the current thread with #shutdown.  This is not
 # recommended for normal use, it should only be used when it will be several
 # minutes before you make another HTTP request.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
 # Ruby will automatically garbage collect and shutdown your HTTP connections
 # when the thread terminates.
 
-class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent
 
   ##
   # The beginning of Time
@@ -172,12 +172,12 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # The version of Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent you are using
+  # The version of Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent you are using
 
-  VERSION = '4.0.1'
+  VERSION = '4.0.2'
 
   ##
-  # Error class for errors raised by Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent.  Various
+  # Error class for errors raised by Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent.  Various
   # SystemCallErrors are re-raised with a human-readable message under this
   # class.
 
@@ -197,10 +197,10 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   # NOTE:  This may not work on ruby > 1.9.
 
   def self.detect_idle_timeout uri, max = 10
-    uri = Bundler::URI uri unless Bundler::URI::Generic === uri
+    uri = Gem::URI uri unless Gem::URI::Generic === uri
     uri += '/'
 
-    req = Net::HTTP::Head.new uri.request_uri
+    req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Head.new uri.request_uri
 
     http = new 'net-http-persistent detect_idle_timeout'
 
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
 
         $stderr.puts "HEAD #{uri} => #{response.code}" if $DEBUG
 
-        unless Net::HTTPOK === response then
+        unless Gem::Net::HTTPOK === response then
           raise Error, "bad response code #{response.code} detecting idle timeout"
         end
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :certificate
 
   ##
-  # For Net::HTTP parity
+  # For Gem::Net::HTTP parity
 
   alias cert certificate
 
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :ciphers
 
   ##
-  # Sends debug_output to this IO via Net::HTTP#set_debug_output.
+  # Sends debug_output to this IO via Gem::Net::HTTP#set_debug_output.
   #
   # Never use this method in production code, it causes a serious security
   # hole.
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :generation # :nodoc:
 
   ##
-  # Headers that are added to every request using Net::HTTP#add_field
+  # Headers that are added to every request using Gem::Net::HTTP#add_field
 
   attr_reader :headers
 
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   ##
   # Number of retries to perform if a request fails.
   #
-  # See also #max_retries=, Net::HTTP#max_retries=.
+  # See also #max_retries=, Gem::Net::HTTP#max_retries=.
 
   attr_reader :max_retries
 
@@ -325,12 +325,12 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :name
 
   ##
-  # Seconds to wait until a connection is opened.  See Net::HTTP#open_timeout
+  # Seconds to wait until a connection is opened.  See Gem::Net::HTTP#open_timeout
 
   attr_accessor :open_timeout
 
   ##
-  # Headers that are added to every request using Net::HTTP#[]=
+  # Headers that are added to every request using Gem::Net::HTTP#[]=
 
   attr_reader :override_headers
 
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :private_key
 
   ##
-  # For Net::HTTP parity
+  # For Gem::Net::HTTP parity
 
   alias key private_key
 
@@ -360,12 +360,12 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :pool # :nodoc:
 
   ##
-  # Seconds to wait until reading one block.  See Net::HTTP#read_timeout
+  # Seconds to wait until reading one block.  See Gem::Net::HTTP#read_timeout
 
   attr_accessor :read_timeout
 
   ##
-  # Seconds to wait until writing one block.  See Net::HTTP#write_timeout
+  # Seconds to wait until writing one block.  See Gem::Net::HTTP#write_timeout
 
   attr_accessor :write_timeout
 
@@ -450,18 +450,18 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   attr_reader :verify_mode
 
   ##
-  # Creates a new Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent.
+  # Creates a new Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent.
   #
   # Set a +name+ for fun.  Your library name should be good enough, but this
   # otherwise has no purpose.
   #
-  # +proxy+ may be set to a Bundler::URI::HTTP or :ENV to pick up proxy options from
+  # +proxy+ may be set to a Gem::URI::HTTP or :ENV to pick up proxy options from
   # the environment.  See proxy_from_env for details.
   #
-  # In order to use a Bundler::URI for the proxy you may need to do some extra work
-  # beyond Bundler::URI parsing if the proxy requires a password:
+  # In order to use a Gem::URI for the proxy you may need to do some extra work
+  # beyond Gem::URI parsing if the proxy requires a password:
   #
-  #   proxy = Bundler::URI 'http://proxy.example'
+  #   proxy = Gem::URI 'http://proxy.example'
   #   proxy.user     = 'AzureDiamond'
   #   proxy.password = 'hunter2'
   #
@@ -492,8 +492,8 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
     @socket_options << [Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, Socket::TCP_NODELAY, 1] if
       Socket.const_defined? :TCP_NODELAY
 
-    @pool = Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Pool.new size: pool_size do |http_args|
-      Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Connection.new Net::HTTP, http_args, @ssl_generation
+    @pool = Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Pool.new size: pool_size do |http_args|
+      Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Connection.new Gem::Net::HTTP, http_args, @ssl_generation
     end
 
     @certificate        = nil
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
     @verify_mode        = nil
     @cert_store         = nil
 
-    @generation         = 0 # incremented when proxy Bundler::URI changes
+    @generation         = 0 # incremented when proxy Gem::URI changes
 
     if HAVE_OPENSSL then
       @verify_mode        = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
     reconnect_ssl
   end
 
-  # For Net::HTTP parity
+  # For Gem::Net::HTTP parity
   alias cert= certificate=
 
   ##
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # Starts the Net::HTTP +connection+
+  # Starts the Gem::Net::HTTP +connection+
 
   def start http
     http.set_debug_output @debug_output if @debug_output
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # Finishes the Net::HTTP +connection+
+  # Finishes the Gem::Net::HTTP +connection+
 
   def finish connection
     connection.finish
@@ -716,16 +716,16 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
     reconnect_ssl
   end
 
-  # For Net::HTTP parity
+  # For Gem::Net::HTTP parity
   alias key= private_key=
 
   ##
-  # Sets the proxy server.  The +proxy+ may be the Bundler::URI of the proxy server,
+  # Sets the proxy server.  The +proxy+ may be the Gem::URI of the proxy server,
   # the symbol +:ENV+ which will read the proxy from the environment or nil to
   # disable use of a proxy.  See #proxy_from_env for details on setting the
   # proxy from the environment.
   #
-  # If the proxy Bundler::URI is set after requests have been made, the next request
+  # If the proxy Gem::URI is set after requests have been made, the next request
   # will shut-down and re-open all connections.
   #
   # The +no_proxy+ query parameter can be used to specify hosts which shouldn't
@@ -736,9 +736,9 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   def proxy= proxy
     @proxy_uri = case proxy
                  when :ENV      then proxy_from_env
-                 when Bundler::URI::HTTP then proxy
+                 when Gem::URI::HTTP then proxy
                  when nil       then # ignore
-                 else raise ArgumentError, 'proxy must be :ENV or a Bundler::URI::HTTP'
+                 else raise ArgumentError, 'proxy must be :ENV or a Gem::URI::HTTP'
                  end
 
     @no_proxy.clear
@@ -763,13 +763,13 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # Creates a Bundler::URI for an HTTP proxy server from ENV variables.
+  # Creates a Gem::URI for an HTTP proxy server from ENV variables.
   #
   # If +HTTP_PROXY+ is set a proxy will be returned.
   #
-  # If +HTTP_PROXY_USER+ or +HTTP_PROXY_PASS+ are set the Bundler::URI is given the
+  # If +HTTP_PROXY_USER+ or +HTTP_PROXY_PASS+ are set the Gem::URI is given the
   # indicated user and password unless HTTP_PROXY contains either of these in
-  # the Bundler::URI.
+  # the Gem::URI.
   #
   # The +NO_PROXY+ ENV variable can be used to specify hosts which shouldn't
   # be reached via proxy; if set it should be a comma separated list of
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
 
     return nil if env_proxy.nil? or env_proxy.empty?
 
-    uri = Bundler::URI normalize_uri env_proxy
+    uri = Gem::URI normalize_uri env_proxy
 
     env_no_proxy = ENV['no_proxy'] || ENV['NO_PROXY']
 
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # Finishes then restarts the Net::HTTP +connection+
+  # Finishes then restarts the Gem::Net::HTTP +connection+
 
   def reset connection
     http = connection.http
@@ -854,16 +854,16 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # Makes a request on +uri+.  If +req+ is nil a Net::HTTP::Get is performed
+  # Makes a request on +uri+.  If +req+ is nil a Gem::Net::HTTP::Get is performed
   # against +uri+.
   #
-  # If a block is passed #request behaves like Net::HTTP#request (the body of
+  # If a block is passed #request behaves like Gem::Net::HTTP#request (the body of
   # the response will not have been read).
   #
-  # +req+ must be a Net::HTTPGenericRequest subclass (see Net::HTTP for a list).
+  # +req+ must be a Gem::Net::HTTPGenericRequest subclass (see Gem::Net::HTTP for a list).
 
   def request uri, req = nil, &block
-    uri      = Bundler::URI uri
+    uri      = Gem::URI uri
     req      = request_setup req || uri
     response = nil
 
@@ -896,14 +896,14 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
   end
 
   ##
-  # Creates a GET request if +req_or_uri+ is a Bundler::URI and adds headers to the
+  # Creates a GET request if +req_or_uri+ is a Gem::URI and adds headers to the
   # request.
   #
   # Returns the request.
 
   def request_setup req_or_uri # :nodoc:
     req = if req_or_uri.respond_to? 'request_uri' then
-            Net::HTTP::Get.new req_or_uri.request_uri
+            Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new req_or_uri.request_uri
           else
             req_or_uri
           end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/connection.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/connection.rb
index a57a5d1352..8b9ab5cc78 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/connection.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 ##
-# A Net::HTTP connection wrapper that holds extra information for managing the
+# A Gem::Net::HTTP connection wrapper that holds extra information for managing the
 # connection's lifetime.
 
-class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Connection # :nodoc:
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Connection # :nodoc:
 
   attr_accessor :http
 
@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Connection # :nodoc:
   ensure
     reset
   end
+  alias_method :close, :finish
 
   def reset
-    @last_use = Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::EPOCH
+    @last_use = Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::EPOCH
     @requests = 0
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/pool.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/pool.rb
index 9dfa6ffdb1..04a1e754bf 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/pool.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/pool.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Pool < Bundler::ConnectionPool # :nodoc:
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Pool < Bundler::ConnectionPool # :nodoc:
 
   attr_reader :available # :nodoc:
   attr_reader :key # :nodoc:
@@ -6,25 +6,37 @@ class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::Pool < Bundler::ConnectionPool
   def initialize(options = {}, &block)
     super
 
-    @available = Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::TimedStackMulti.new(@size, &block)
+    @available = Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::TimedStackMulti.new(@size, &block)
     @key = "current-#{@available.object_id}"
   end
 
   def checkin net_http_args
-    stack = Thread.current[@key][net_http_args] ||= []
+    if net_http_args.is_a?(Hash) && net_http_args.size == 1 && net_http_args[:force]
+      # Bundler::ConnectionPool 2.4+ calls `checkin(force: true)` after fork.
+      # When this happens, we should remove all connections from Thread.current
+      if stacks = Thread.current[@key]
+        stacks.each do |http_args, connections|
+          connections.each do |conn|
+            @available.push conn, connection_args: http_args
+          end
+          connections.clear
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      stack = Thread.current[@key][net_http_args] ||= []
 
-    raise Bundler::ConnectionPool::Error, 'no connections are checked out' if
-      stack.empty?
+      raise Bundler::ConnectionPool::Error, 'no connections are checked out' if
+        stack.empty?
 
-    conn = stack.pop
+      conn = stack.pop
 
-    if stack.empty?
-      @available.push conn, connection_args: net_http_args
+      if stack.empty?
+        @available.push conn, connection_args: net_http_args
 
-      Thread.current[@key].delete(net_http_args)
-      Thread.current[@key] = nil if Thread.current[@key].empty?
+        Thread.current[@key].delete(net_http_args)
+        Thread.current[@key] = nil if Thread.current[@key].empty?
+      end
     end
-
     nil
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/timed_stack_multi.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/timed_stack_multi.rb
index 2da881c554..214804fcd9 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/timed_stack_multi.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent/timed_stack_multi.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class Bundler::Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent::TimedStackMulti < Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimedStack # :nodoc:
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Persistent::TimedStackMulti < Bundler::ConnectionPool::TimedStack # :nodoc:
 
   ##
   # Returns a new hash that has arrays for keys
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eaaba3fc98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+require_relative "pub_grub/package"
+require_relative "pub_grub/static_package_source"
+require_relative "pub_grub/term"
+require_relative "pub_grub/version_range"
+require_relative "pub_grub/version_constraint"
+require_relative "pub_grub/version_union"
+require_relative "pub_grub/version_solver"
+require_relative "pub_grub/incompatibility"
+require_relative 'pub_grub/solve_failure'
+require_relative 'pub_grub/failure_writer'
+require_relative 'pub_grub/version'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class << self
+    attr_writer :logger
+
+    def logger
+      @logger || default_logger
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def default_logger
+      require "logger"
+
+      logger = ::Logger.new(STDERR)
+      logger.level = $DEBUG ? ::Logger::DEBUG : ::Logger::WARN
+      @logger = logger
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/assignment.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/assignment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2236a97b5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/assignment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class Assignment
+    attr_reader :term, :cause, :decision_level, :index
+    def initialize(term, cause, decision_level, index)
+      @term = term
+      @cause = cause
+      @decision_level = decision_level
+      @index = index
+    end
+
+    def self.decision(package, version, decision_level, index)
+      term = Term.new(VersionConstraint.exact(package, version), true)
+      new(term, :decision, decision_level, index)
+    end
+
+    def decision?
+      cause == :decision
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/basic_package_source.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/basic_package_source.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dce20d37ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/basic_package_source.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+require_relative 'version_constraint'
+require_relative 'incompatibility'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  # Types:
+  #
+  # Where possible, Bundler::PubGrub will accept user-defined types, so long as they quack.
+  #
+  # ## "Package":
+  #
+  # This class will be used to represent the various packages being solved for.
+  # .to_s will be called when displaying errors and debugging info, it should
+  # probably return the package's name.
+  # It must also have a reasonable definition of #== and #hash
+  #
+  # Example classes: String ("rails")
+  #
+  #
+  # ## "Version":
+  #
+  # This class will be used to represent a single version number.
+  #
+  # Versions don't need to store their associated package, however they will
+  # only be compared against other versions of the same package.
+  #
+  # It must be Comparible (and implement <=> reasonably)
+  #
+  # Example classes: Gem::Version, Integer
+  #
+  #
+  # ## "Dependency"
+  #
+  # This class represents the requirement one package has on another. It is
+  # returned by dependencies_for(package, version) and will be passed to
+  # parse_dependency to convert it to a format Bundler::PubGrub understands.
+  #
+  # It must also have a reasonable definition of #==
+  #
+  # Example classes: String ("~> 1.0"), Gem::Requirement
+  #
+  class BasicPackageSource
+    # Override me!
+    #
+    # This is called per package to find all possible versions of a package.
+    #
+    # It is called at most once per-package
+    #
+    # Returns: Array of versions for a package, in preferred order of selection
+    def all_versions_for(package)
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    # Override me!
+    #
+    # Returns: Hash in the form of { package => requirement, ... }
+    def dependencies_for(package, version)
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    # Override me!
+    #
+    # Convert a (user-defined) dependency into a format Bundler::PubGrub understands.
+    #
+    # Package is passed to this method but for many implementations is not
+    # needed.
+    #
+    # Returns: either a Bundler::PubGrub::VersionRange, Bundler::PubGrub::VersionUnion, or a
+    #   Bundler::PubGrub::VersionConstraint
+    def parse_dependency(package, dependency)
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    # Override me!
+    #
+    # If not overridden, this will call dependencies_for with the root package.
+    #
+    # Returns: Hash in the form of { package => requirement, ... } (see dependencies_for)
+    def root_dependencies
+      dependencies_for(@root_package, @root_version)
+    end
+
+    # Override me (maybe)
+    #
+    # If not overridden, the order returned by all_versions_for will be used
+    #
+    # Returns: Array of versions in preferred order
+    def sort_versions_by_preferred(package, sorted_versions)
+      indexes = @version_indexes[package]
+      sorted_versions.sort_by { |version| indexes[version] }
+    end
+
+    def initialize
+      @root_package = Package.root
+      @root_version = Package.root_version
+
+      @cached_versions = Hash.new do |h,k|
+        if k == @root_package
+          h[k] = [@root_version]
+        else
+          h[k] = all_versions_for(k)
+        end
+      end
+      @sorted_versions = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = @cached_versions[k].sort }
+      @version_indexes = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = @cached_versions[k].each.with_index.to_h }
+
+      @cached_dependencies = Hash.new do |packages, package|
+        if package == @root_package
+          packages[package] = {
+            @root_version => root_dependencies
+          }
+        else
+          packages[package] = Hash.new do |versions, version|
+            versions[version] = dependencies_for(package, version)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def versions_for(package, range=VersionRange.any)
+      versions = range.select_versions(@sorted_versions[package])
+
+      # Conditional avoids (among other things) calling
+      # sort_versions_by_preferred with the root package
+      if versions.size > 1
+        sort_versions_by_preferred(package, versions)
+      else
+        versions
+      end
+    end
+
+    def no_versions_incompatibility_for(_package, unsatisfied_term)
+      cause = Incompatibility::NoVersions.new(unsatisfied_term)
+
+      Incompatibility.new([unsatisfied_term], cause: cause)
+    end
+
+    def incompatibilities_for(package, version)
+      package_deps = @cached_dependencies[package]
+      sorted_versions = @sorted_versions[package]
+      package_deps[version].map do |dep_package, dep_constraint_name|
+        low = high = sorted_versions.index(version)
+
+        # find version low such that all >= low share the same dep
+        while low > 0 &&
+            package_deps[sorted_versions[low - 1]][dep_package] == dep_constraint_name
+          low -= 1
+        end
+        low =
+          if low == 0
+            nil
+          else
+            sorted_versions[low]
+          end
+
+        # find version high such that all < high share the same dep
+        while high < sorted_versions.length &&
+            package_deps[sorted_versions[high]][dep_package] == dep_constraint_name
+          high += 1
+        end
+        high =
+          if high == sorted_versions.length
+            nil
+          else
+            sorted_versions[high]
+          end
+
+        range = VersionRange.new(min: low, max: high, include_min: true)
+
+        self_constraint = VersionConstraint.new(package, range: range)
+
+        if !@packages.include?(dep_package)
+          # no such package -> this version is invalid
+        end
+
+        dep_constraint = parse_dependency(dep_package, dep_constraint_name)
+        if !dep_constraint
+          # falsey indicates this dependency was invalid
+          cause = Bundler::PubGrub::Incompatibility::InvalidDependency.new(dep_package, dep_constraint_name)
+          return [Incompatibility.new([Term.new(self_constraint, true)], cause: cause)]
+        elsif !dep_constraint.is_a?(VersionConstraint)
+          # Upgrade range/union to VersionConstraint
+          dep_constraint = VersionConstraint.new(dep_package, range: dep_constraint)
+        end
+
+        Incompatibility.new([Term.new(self_constraint, true), Term.new(dep_constraint, false)], cause: :dependency)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/failure_writer.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/failure_writer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee099b23f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/failure_writer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class FailureWriter
+    def initialize(root)
+      @root = root
+
+      # { Incompatibility => Integer }
+      @derivations = {}
+
+      # [ [ String, Integer or nil ] ]
+      @lines = []
+
+      # { Incompatibility => Integer }
+      @line_numbers = {}
+
+      count_derivations(root)
+    end
+
+    def write
+      return @root.to_s unless @root.conflict?
+
+      visit(@root)
+
+      padding = @line_numbers.empty? ? 0 : "(#{@line_numbers.values.last}) ".length
+
+      @lines.map do |message, number|
+        next "" if message.empty?
+
+        lead = number ? "(#{number}) " : ""
+        lead = lead.ljust(padding)
+        message = message.gsub("\n", "\n" + " " * (padding + 2))
+        "#{lead}#{message}"
+      end.join("\n")
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def write_line(incompatibility, message, numbered:)
+      if numbered
+        number = @line_numbers.length + 1
+        @line_numbers[incompatibility] = number
+      end
+
+      @lines << [message, number]
+    end
+
+    def visit(incompatibility, conclusion: false)
+      raise unless incompatibility.conflict?
+
+      numbered = conclusion || @derivations[incompatibility] > 1;
+      conjunction = conclusion || incompatibility == @root ? "So," : "And"
+
+      cause = incompatibility.cause
+
+      if cause.conflict.conflict? && cause.other.conflict?
+        conflict_line = @line_numbers[cause.conflict]
+        other_line = @line_numbers[cause.other]
+
+        if conflict_line && other_line
+          write_line(
+            incompatibility,
+            "Because #{cause.conflict} (#{conflict_line})\nand #{cause.other} (#{other_line}),\n#{incompatibility}.",
+            numbered: numbered
+          )
+        elsif conflict_line || other_line
+          with_line    = conflict_line ? cause.conflict : cause.other
+          without_line = conflict_line ? cause.other : cause.conflict
+          line = @line_numbers[with_line]
+
+          visit(without_line);
+          write_line(
+            incompatibility,
+            "#{conjunction} because #{with_line} (#{line}),\n#{incompatibility}.",
+            numbered: numbered
+          )
+        else
+          single_line_conflict = single_line?(cause.conflict.cause)
+          single_line_other    = single_line?(cause.other.cause)
+
+          if single_line_conflict || single_line_other
+            first  = single_line_other ? cause.conflict : cause.other
+            second = single_line_other ? cause.other : cause.conflict
+            visit(first)
+            visit(second)
+            write_line(
+              incompatibility,
+              "Thus, #{incompatibility}.",
+              numbered: numbered
+            )
+          else
+            visit(cause.conflict, conclusion: true)
+            @lines << ["", nil]
+            visit(cause.other)
+
+            write_line(
+              incompatibility,
+              "#{conjunction} because #{cause.conflict} (#{@line_numbers[cause.conflict]}),\n#{incompatibility}.",
+              numbered: numbered
+            )
+          end
+        end
+      elsif cause.conflict.conflict? || cause.other.conflict?
+        derived = cause.conflict.conflict? ? cause.conflict : cause.other
+        ext     = cause.conflict.conflict? ? cause.other : cause.conflict
+
+        derived_line = @line_numbers[derived]
+        if derived_line
+          write_line(
+            incompatibility,
+            "Because #{ext}\nand #{derived} (#{derived_line}),\n#{incompatibility}.",
+            numbered: numbered
+          )
+        elsif collapsible?(derived)
+          derived_cause = derived.cause
+          if derived_cause.conflict.conflict?
+            collapsed_derived = derived_cause.conflict
+            collapsed_ext = derived_cause.other
+          else
+            collapsed_derived = derived_cause.other
+            collapsed_ext = derived_cause.conflict
+          end
+
+          visit(collapsed_derived)
+
+          write_line(
+            incompatibility,
+            "#{conjunction} because #{collapsed_ext}\nand #{ext},\n#{incompatibility}.",
+            numbered: numbered
+          )
+        else
+          visit(derived)
+          write_line(
+            incompatibility,
+            "#{conjunction} because #{ext},\n#{incompatibility}.",
+            numbered: numbered
+          )
+        end
+      else
+        write_line(
+          incompatibility,
+          "Because #{cause.conflict}\nand #{cause.other},\n#{incompatibility}.",
+          numbered: numbered
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def single_line?(cause)
+      !cause.conflict.conflict? && !cause.other.conflict?
+    end
+
+    def collapsible?(incompatibility)
+      return false if @derivations[incompatibility] > 1
+
+      cause = incompatibility.cause
+      # If incompatibility is derived from two derived incompatibilities,
+      # there are too many transitive causes to display concisely.
+      return false if cause.conflict.conflict? && cause.other.conflict?
+
+      # If incompatibility is derived from two external incompatibilities, it
+      # tends to be confusing to collapse it.
+      return false unless cause.conflict.conflict? || cause.other.conflict?
+
+      # If incompatibility's internal cause is numbered, collapsing it would
+      # get too noisy.
+      complex = cause.conflict.conflict? ? cause.conflict : cause.other
+
+      !@line_numbers.has_key?(complex)
+    end
+
+    def count_derivations(incompatibility)
+      if @derivations.has_key?(incompatibility)
+        @derivations[incompatibility] += 1
+      else
+        @derivations[incompatibility] = 1
+        if incompatibility.conflict?
+          cause = incompatibility.cause
+          count_derivations(cause.conflict)
+          count_derivations(cause.other)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/incompatibility.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/incompatibility.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..239eaf3401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/incompatibility.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class Incompatibility
+    ConflictCause = Struct.new(:incompatibility, :satisfier) do
+      alias_method :conflict, :incompatibility
+      alias_method :other, :satisfier
+    end
+
+    InvalidDependency = Struct.new(:package, :constraint) do
+    end
+
+    NoVersions = Struct.new(:constraint) do
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :terms, :cause
+
+    def initialize(terms, cause:, custom_explanation: nil)
+      @cause = cause
+      @terms = cleanup_terms(terms)
+      @custom_explanation = custom_explanation
+
+      if cause == :dependency && @terms.length != 2
+        raise ArgumentError, "a dependency Incompatibility must have exactly two terms. Got #{@terms.inspect}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      cause.hash ^ terms.hash
+    end
+
+    def eql?(other)
+      cause.eql?(other.cause) &&
+        terms.eql?(other.terms)
+    end
+
+    def failure?
+      terms.empty? || (terms.length == 1 && Package.root?(terms[0].package) && terms[0].positive?)
+    end
+
+    def conflict?
+      ConflictCause === cause
+    end
+
+    # Returns all external incompatibilities in this incompatibility's
+    # derivation graph
+    def external_incompatibilities
+      if conflict?
+        [
+          cause.conflict,
+          cause.other
+        ].flat_map(&:external_incompatibilities)
+      else
+        [this]
+      end
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      return @custom_explanation if @custom_explanation
+
+      case cause
+      when :root
+        "(root dependency)"
+      when :dependency
+        "#{terms[0].to_s(allow_every: true)} depends on #{terms[1].invert}"
+      when Bundler::PubGrub::Incompatibility::InvalidDependency
+        "#{terms[0].to_s(allow_every: true)} depends on unknown package #{cause.package}"
+      when Bundler::PubGrub::Incompatibility::NoVersions
+        "no versions satisfy #{cause.constraint}"
+      when Bundler::PubGrub::Incompatibility::ConflictCause
+        if failure?
+          "version solving has failed"
+        elsif terms.length == 1
+          term = terms[0]
+          if term.positive?
+            if term.constraint.any?
+              "#{term.package} cannot be used"
+            else
+              "#{term.to_s(allow_every: true)} cannot be used"
+            end
+          else
+            "#{term.invert} is required"
+          end
+        else
+          if terms.all?(&:positive?)
+            if terms.length == 2
+              "#{terms[0].to_s(allow_every: true)} is incompatible with #{terms[1]}"
+            else
+              "one of #{terms.map(&:to_s).join(" or ")} must be false"
+            end
+          elsif terms.all?(&:negative?)
+            if terms.length == 2
+              "either #{terms[0].invert} or #{terms[1].invert}"
+            else
+              "one of #{terms.map(&:invert).join(" or ")} must be true";
+            end
+          else
+            positive = terms.select(&:positive?)
+            negative = terms.select(&:negative?).map(&:invert)
+
+            if positive.length == 1
+              "#{positive[0].to_s(allow_every: true)} requires #{negative.join(" or ")}"
+            else
+              "if #{positive.join(" and ")} then #{negative.join(" or ")}"
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        raise "unhandled cause: #{cause.inspect}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{to_s}>"
+    end
+
+    def pretty_print(q)
+      q.group 2, "#<#{self.class}", ">" do
+        q.breakable
+        q.text to_s
+
+        q.breakable
+        q.text " caused by "
+        q.pp @cause
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def cleanup_terms(terms)
+      terms.each do |term|
+        raise "#{term.inspect} must be a term" unless term.is_a?(Term)
+      end
+
+      if terms.length != 1 && ConflictCause === cause
+        terms = terms.reject do |term|
+          term.positive? && Package.root?(term.package)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Optimized simple cases
+      return terms if terms.length <= 1
+      return terms if terms.length == 2 && terms[0].package != terms[1].package
+
+      terms.group_by(&:package).map do |package, common_terms|
+        common_terms.inject do |acc, term|
+          acc.intersect(term)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/package.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/package.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efb9d3da16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/package.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class Package
+
+    attr_reader :name
+
+    def initialize(name)
+      @name = name
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{name.inspect}>"
+    end
+
+    def <=>(other)
+      name <=> other.name
+    end
+
+    ROOT = Package.new(:root)
+    ROOT_VERSION = 0
+
+    def self.root
+      ROOT
+    end
+
+    def self.root_version
+      ROOT_VERSION
+    end
+
+    def self.root?(package)
+      if package.respond_to?(:root?)
+        package.root?
+      else
+        package == root
+      end
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      name.to_s
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/partial_solution.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/partial_solution.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c4b8ca844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/partial_solution.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+require_relative 'assignment'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class PartialSolution
+    attr_reader :assignments, :decisions
+    attr_reader :attempted_solutions
+
+    def initialize
+      reset!
+
+      @attempted_solutions = 1
+      @backtracking = false
+    end
+
+    def decision_level
+      @decisions.length
+    end
+
+    def relation(term)
+      package = term.package
+      return :overlap if !@terms.key?(package)
+
+      @relation_cache[package][term] ||=
+        @terms[package].relation(term)
+    end
+
+    def satisfies?(term)
+      relation(term) == :subset
+    end
+
+    def derive(term, cause)
+      add_assignment(Assignment.new(term, cause, decision_level, assignments.length))
+    end
+
+    def satisfier(term)
+      assignment =
+        @assignments_by[term.package].bsearch do |assignment_by|
+          @cumulative_assignments[assignment_by].satisfies?(term)
+        end
+
+      assignment || raise("#{term} unsatisfied")
+    end
+
+    # A list of unsatisfied terms
+    def unsatisfied
+      @required.keys.reject do |package|
+        @decisions.key?(package)
+      end.map do |package|
+        @terms[package]
+      end
+    end
+
+    def decide(package, version)
+      @attempted_solutions += 1 if @backtracking
+      @backtracking = false;
+
+      decisions[package] = version
+      assignment = Assignment.decision(package, version, decision_level, assignments.length)
+      add_assignment(assignment)
+    end
+
+    def backtrack(previous_level)
+      @backtracking = true
+
+      new_assignments = assignments.select do |assignment|
+        assignment.decision_level <= previous_level
+      end
+
+      new_decisions = Hash[decisions.first(previous_level)]
+
+      reset!
+
+      @decisions = new_decisions
+
+      new_assignments.each do |assignment|
+        add_assignment(assignment)
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def reset!
+      # { Array<Assignment> }
+      @assignments = []
+
+      # { Package => Array<Assignment> }
+      @assignments_by = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
+      @cumulative_assignments = {}.compare_by_identity
+
+      # { Package => Package::Version }
+      @decisions = {}
+
+      # { Package => Term }
+      @terms = {}
+      @relation_cache = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = {} }
+
+      # { Package => Boolean }
+      @required = {}
+    end
+
+    def add_assignment(assignment)
+      term = assignment.term
+      package = term.package
+
+      @assignments << assignment
+      @assignments_by[package] << assignment
+
+      @required[package] = true if term.positive?
+
+      if @terms.key?(package)
+        old_term = @terms[package]
+        @terms[package] = old_term.intersect(term)
+      else
+        @terms[package] = term
+      end
+      @relation_cache[package].clear
+
+      @cumulative_assignments[assignment] = @terms[package]
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/rubygems.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/rubygems.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..245c23be22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/rubygems.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  module RubyGems
+    extend self
+
+    def requirement_to_range(requirement)
+      ranges = requirement.requirements.map do |(op, ver)|
+        case op
+        when "~>"
+          name = "~> #{ver}"
+          bump = ver.class.new(ver.bump.to_s + ".A")
+          VersionRange.new(name: name, min: ver, max: bump, include_min: true)
+        when ">"
+          VersionRange.new(min: ver)
+        when ">="
+          VersionRange.new(min: ver, include_min: true)
+        when "<"
+          VersionRange.new(max: ver)
+        when "<="
+          VersionRange.new(max: ver, include_max: true)
+        when "="
+          VersionRange.new(min: ver, max: ver, include_min: true, include_max: true)
+        when "!="
+          VersionRange.new(min: ver, max: ver, include_min: true, include_max: true).invert
+        else
+          raise "bad version specifier: #{op}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      ranges.inject(&:intersect)
+    end
+
+    def requirement_to_constraint(package, requirement)
+      Bundler::PubGrub::VersionConstraint.new(package, range: requirement_to_range(requirement))
+    end
+
+    def parse_range(dep)
+      requirement_to_range(Gem::Requirement.new(dep))
+    end
+
+    def parse_constraint(package, dep)
+      range = parse_range(dep)
+      Bundler::PubGrub::VersionConstraint.new(package, range: range)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/solve_failure.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/solve_failure.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..961a7a7c0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/solve_failure.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+require_relative 'failure_writer'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class SolveFailure < StandardError
+    attr_reader :incompatibility
+
+    def initialize(incompatibility)
+      @incompatibility = incompatibility
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      "Could not find compatible versions\n\n#{explanation}"
+    end
+
+    def explanation
+      @explanation ||= FailureWriter.new(@incompatibility).write
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/static_package_source.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/static_package_source.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36ab06254d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/static_package_source.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+require_relative 'package'
+require_relative 'rubygems'
+require_relative 'version_constraint'
+require_relative 'incompatibility'
+require_relative 'basic_package_source'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class StaticPackageSource < BasicPackageSource
+    class DSL
+      def initialize(packages, root_deps)
+        @packages = packages
+        @root_deps = root_deps
+      end
+
+      def root(deps:)
+        @root_deps.update(deps)
+      end
+
+      def add(name, version, deps: {})
+        version = Gem::Version.new(version)
+        @packages[name] ||= {}
+        raise ArgumentError, "#{name} #{version} declared twice" if @packages[name].key?(version)
+        @packages[name][version] = clean_deps(name, version, deps)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Exclude redundant self-referencing dependencies
+      def clean_deps(name, version, deps)
+        deps.reject {|dep_name, req| name == dep_name && Bundler::PubGrub::RubyGems.parse_range(req).include?(version) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize
+      @root_deps = {}
+      @packages = {}
+
+      yield DSL.new(@packages, @root_deps)
+
+      super()
+    end
+
+    def all_versions_for(package)
+      @packages[package].keys
+    end
+
+    def root_dependencies
+      @root_deps
+    end
+
+    def dependencies_for(package, version)
+      @packages[package][version]
+    end
+
+    def parse_dependency(package, dependency)
+      return false unless @packages.key?(package)
+
+      Bundler::PubGrub::RubyGems.parse_constraint(package, dependency)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/term.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/term.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d0f763378
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/term.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class Term
+    attr_reader :package, :constraint, :positive
+
+    def initialize(constraint, positive)
+      @constraint = constraint
+      @package = @constraint.package
+      @positive = positive
+    end
+
+    def to_s(allow_every: false)
+      if positive
+        @constraint.to_s(allow_every: allow_every)
+      else
+        "not #{@constraint}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      constraint.hash ^ positive.hash
+    end
+
+    def eql?(other)
+      positive == other.positive &&
+        constraint.eql?(other.constraint)
+    end
+
+    def invert
+      self.class.new(@constraint, !@positive)
+    end
+    alias_method :inverse, :invert
+
+    def intersect(other)
+      raise ArgumentError, "packages must match" if package != other.package
+
+      if positive? && other.positive?
+        self.class.new(constraint.intersect(other.constraint), true)
+      elsif negative? && other.negative?
+        self.class.new(constraint.union(other.constraint), false)
+      else
+        positive = positive? ? self : other
+        negative = negative? ? self : other
+        self.class.new(positive.constraint.intersect(negative.constraint.invert), true)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def difference(other)
+      intersect(other.invert)
+    end
+
+    def relation(other)
+      if positive? && other.positive?
+        constraint.relation(other.constraint)
+      elsif negative? && other.positive?
+        if constraint.allows_all?(other.constraint)
+          :disjoint
+        else
+          :overlap
+        end
+      elsif positive? && other.negative?
+        if !other.constraint.allows_any?(constraint)
+          :subset
+        elsif other.constraint.allows_all?(constraint)
+          :disjoint
+        else
+          :overlap
+        end
+      elsif negative? && other.negative?
+        if constraint.allows_all?(other.constraint)
+          :subset
+        else
+          :overlap
+        end
+      else
+        raise
+      end
+    end
+
+    def normalized_constraint
+      @normalized_constraint ||= positive ? constraint : constraint.invert
+    end
+
+    def satisfies?(other)
+      raise ArgumentError, "packages must match" unless package == other.package
+
+      relation(other) == :subset
+    end
+
+    def positive?
+      @positive
+    end
+
+    def negative?
+      !positive?
+    end
+
+    def empty?
+      @empty ||= normalized_constraint.empty?
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7984b3863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  VERSION = "0.5.0"
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_constraint.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_constraint.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b71f3eaf53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_constraint.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+require_relative 'version_range'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class VersionConstraint
+    attr_reader :package, :range
+
+    # @param package [Bundler::PubGrub::Package]
+    # @param range [Bundler::PubGrub::VersionRange]
+    def initialize(package, range: nil)
+      @package = package
+      @range = range
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      package.hash ^ range.hash
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      package == other.package &&
+        range == other.range
+    end
+
+    def eql?(other)
+      package.eql?(other.package) &&
+        range.eql?(other.range)
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      def exact(package, version)
+        range = VersionRange.new(min: version, max: version, include_min: true, include_max: true)
+        new(package, range: range)
+      end
+
+      def any(package)
+        new(package, range: VersionRange.any)
+      end
+
+      def empty(package)
+        new(package, range: VersionRange.empty)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def intersect(other)
+      unless package == other.package
+        raise ArgumentError, "Can only intersect between VersionConstraint of the same package"
+      end
+
+      self.class.new(package, range: range.intersect(other.range))
+    end
+
+    def union(other)
+      unless package == other.package
+        raise ArgumentError, "Can only intersect between VersionConstraint of the same package"
+      end
+
+      self.class.new(package, range: range.union(other.range))
+    end
+
+    def invert
+      new_range = range.invert
+      self.class.new(package, range: new_range)
+    end
+
+    def difference(other)
+      intersect(other.invert)
+    end
+
+    def allows_all?(other)
+      range.allows_all?(other.range)
+    end
+
+    def allows_any?(other)
+      range.intersects?(other.range)
+    end
+
+    def subset?(other)
+      other.allows_all?(self)
+    end
+
+    def overlap?(other)
+      other.allows_any?(self)
+    end
+
+    def disjoint?(other)
+      !overlap?(other)
+    end
+
+    def relation(other)
+      if subset?(other)
+        :subset
+      elsif overlap?(other)
+        :overlap
+      else
+        :disjoint
+      end
+    end
+
+    def to_s(allow_every: false)
+      if Package.root?(package)
+        package.to_s
+      elsif allow_every && any?
+        "every version of #{package}"
+      else
+        "#{package} #{constraint_string}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def constraint_string
+      if any?
+        ">= 0"
+      else
+        range.to_s
+      end
+    end
+
+    def empty?
+      range.empty?
+    end
+
+    # Does this match every version of the package
+    def any?
+      range.any?
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_range.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_range.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d73c3f7b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_range.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class VersionRange
+    attr_reader :min, :max, :include_min, :include_max
+
+    alias_method :include_min?, :include_min
+    alias_method :include_max?, :include_max
+
+    class Empty < VersionRange
+      undef_method :min, :max
+      undef_method :include_min, :include_min?
+      undef_method :include_max, :include_max?
+
+      def initialize
+      end
+
+      def empty?
+        true
+      end
+
+      def eql?(other)
+        other.empty?
+      end
+
+      def hash
+        [].hash
+      end
+
+      def intersects?(_)
+        false
+      end
+
+      def intersect(other)
+        self
+      end
+
+      def allows_all?(other)
+        other.empty?
+      end
+
+      def include?(_)
+        false
+      end
+
+      def any?
+        false
+      end
+
+      def to_s
+        "(no versions)"
+      end
+
+      def ==(other)
+        other.class == self.class
+      end
+
+      def invert
+        VersionRange.any
+      end
+
+      def select_versions(_)
+        []
+      end
+    end
+
+    EMPTY = Empty.new
+    Empty.singleton_class.undef_method(:new)
+
+    def self.empty
+      EMPTY
+    end
+
+    def self.any
+      new
+    end
+
+    def initialize(min: nil, max: nil, include_min: false, include_max: false, name: nil)
+      @min = min
+      @max = max
+      @include_min = include_min
+      @include_max = include_max
+      @name = name
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      @hash ||= min.hash ^ max.hash ^ include_min.hash ^ include_max.hash
+    end
+
+    def eql?(other)
+      if other.is_a?(VersionRange)
+        !other.empty? &&
+          min.eql?(other.min) &&
+          max.eql?(other.max) &&
+          include_min.eql?(other.include_min) &&
+          include_max.eql?(other.include_max)
+      else
+        ranges.eql?(other.ranges)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def ranges
+      [self]
+    end
+
+    def include?(version)
+      compare_version(version) == 0
+    end
+
+    # Partitions passed versions into [lower, within, higher]
+    #
+    # versions must be sorted
+    def partition_versions(versions)
+      min_index =
+        if !min || versions.empty?
+          0
+        elsif include_min?
+          (0..versions.size).bsearch { |i| versions[i].nil? || versions[i] >= min }
+        else
+          (0..versions.size).bsearch { |i| versions[i].nil? || versions[i] > min }
+        end
+
+      lower = versions.slice(0, min_index)
+      versions = versions.slice(min_index, versions.size)
+
+      max_index =
+        if !max || versions.empty?
+          versions.size
+        elsif include_max?
+          (0..versions.size).bsearch { |i| versions[i].nil? || versions[i] > max }
+        else
+          (0..versions.size).bsearch { |i| versions[i].nil? || versions[i] >= max }
+        end
+
+      [
+        lower,
+        versions.slice(0, max_index),
+        versions.slice(max_index, versions.size)
+      ]
+    end
+
+    # Returns versions which are included by this range.
+    #
+    # versions must be sorted
+    def select_versions(versions)
+      return versions if any?
+
+      partition_versions(versions)[1]
+    end
+
+    def compare_version(version)
+      if min
+        case version <=> min
+        when -1
+          return -1
+        when 0
+          return -1 if !include_min
+        when 1
+        end
+      end
+
+      if max
+        case version <=> max
+        when -1
+        when 0
+          return 1 if !include_max
+        when 1
+          return 1
+        end
+      end
+
+      0
+    end
+
+    def strictly_lower?(other)
+      return false if !max || !other.min
+
+      case max <=> other.min
+      when 0
+        !include_max || !other.include_min
+      when -1
+        true
+      when 1
+        false
+      end
+    end
+
+    def strictly_higher?(other)
+      other.strictly_lower?(self)
+    end
+
+    def intersects?(other)
+      return false if other.empty?
+      return other.intersects?(self) if other.is_a?(VersionUnion)
+      !strictly_lower?(other) && !strictly_higher?(other)
+    end
+    alias_method :allows_any?, :intersects?
+
+    def intersect(other)
+      return other if other.empty?
+      return other.intersect(self) if other.is_a?(VersionUnion)
+
+      min_range =
+        if !min
+          other
+        elsif !other.min
+          self
+        else
+          case min <=> other.min
+          when 0
+            include_min ? other : self
+          when -1
+            other
+          when 1
+            self
+          end
+        end
+
+      max_range =
+        if !max
+          other
+        elsif !other.max
+          self
+        else
+          case max <=> other.max
+          when 0
+            include_max ? other : self
+          when -1
+            self
+          when 1
+            other
+          end
+        end
+
+      if !min_range.equal?(max_range) && min_range.min && max_range.max
+        case min_range.min <=> max_range.max
+        when -1
+        when 0
+          if !min_range.include_min || !max_range.include_max
+            return EMPTY
+          end
+        when 1
+          return EMPTY
+        end
+      end
+
+      VersionRange.new(
+        min: min_range.min,
+        include_min: min_range.include_min,
+        max: max_range.max,
+        include_max: max_range.include_max
+      )
+    end
+
+    # The span covered by two ranges
+    #
+    # If self and other are contiguous, this builds a union of the two ranges.
+    # (if they aren't you are probably calling the wrong method)
+    def span(other)
+      return self if other.empty?
+
+      min_range =
+        if !min
+          self
+        elsif !other.min
+          other
+        else
+          case min <=> other.min
+          when 0
+            include_min ? self : other
+          when -1
+            self
+          when 1
+            other
+          end
+        end
+
+      max_range =
+        if !max
+          self
+        elsif !other.max
+          other
+        else
+          case max <=> other.max
+          when 0
+            include_max ? self : other
+          when -1
+            other
+          when 1
+            self
+          end
+        end
+
+      VersionRange.new(
+        min: min_range.min,
+        include_min: min_range.include_min,
+        max: max_range.max,
+        include_max: max_range.include_max
+      )
+    end
+
+    def union(other)
+      return other.union(self) if other.is_a?(VersionUnion)
+
+      if contiguous_to?(other)
+        span(other)
+      else
+        VersionUnion.union([self, other])
+      end
+    end
+
+    def contiguous_to?(other)
+      return false if other.empty?
+
+      intersects?(other) ||
+        (min == other.max && (include_min || other.include_max)) ||
+        (max == other.min && (include_max || other.include_min))
+    end
+
+    def allows_all?(other)
+      return true if other.empty?
+
+      if other.is_a?(VersionUnion)
+        return VersionUnion.new([self]).allows_all?(other)
+      end
+
+      return false if max && !other.max
+      return false if min && !other.min
+
+      if min
+        case min <=> other.min
+        when -1
+        when 0
+          return false if !include_min && other.include_min
+        when 1
+          return false
+        end
+      end
+
+      if max
+        case max <=> other.max
+        when -1
+          return false
+        when 0
+          return false if !include_max && other.include_max
+        when 1
+        end
+      end
+
+      true
+    end
+
+    def any?
+      !min && !max
+    end
+
+    def empty?
+      false
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      @name ||= constraints.join(", ")
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{to_s}>"
+    end
+
+    def upper_invert
+      return self.class.empty unless max
+
+      VersionRange.new(min: max, include_min: !include_max)
+    end
+
+    def invert
+      return self.class.empty if any?
+
+      low = VersionRange.new(max: min, include_max: !include_min)
+      high = VersionRange.new(min: max, include_min: !include_max)
+
+      if !min
+        high
+      elsif !max
+        low
+      else
+        low.union(high)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      self.class == other.class &&
+        min == other.min &&
+        max == other.max &&
+        include_min == other.include_min &&
+        include_max == other.include_max
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def constraints
+      return ["any"] if any?
+      return ["= #{min}"] if min.to_s == max.to_s
+
+      c = []
+      c << "#{include_min ? ">=" : ">"} #{min}" if min
+      c << "#{include_max ? "<=" : "<"} #{max}" if max
+      c
+    end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_solver.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_solver.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4caf6b355b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_solver.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+require_relative 'partial_solution'
+require_relative 'term'
+require_relative 'incompatibility'
+require_relative 'solve_failure'
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class VersionSolver
+    attr_reader :logger
+    attr_reader :source
+    attr_reader :solution
+
+    def initialize(source:, root: Package.root, logger: Bundler::PubGrub.logger)
+      @logger = logger
+
+      @source = source
+
+      # { package => [incompatibility, ...]}
+      @incompatibilities = Hash.new do |h, k|
+        h[k] = []
+      end
+
+      @seen_incompatibilities = {}
+
+      @solution = PartialSolution.new
+
+      add_incompatibility Incompatibility.new([
+        Term.new(VersionConstraint.any(root), false)
+      ], cause: :root)
+
+      propagate(root)
+    end
+
+    def solved?
+      solution.unsatisfied.empty?
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if there is more work to be done, false otherwise
+    def work
+      return false if solved?
+
+      next_package = choose_package_version
+      propagate(next_package)
+
+      if solved?
+        logger.info { "Solution found after #{solution.attempted_solutions} attempts:" }
+        solution.decisions.each do |package, version|
+          next if Package.root?(package)
+          logger.info { "* #{package} #{version}" }
+        end
+
+        false
+      else
+        true
+      end
+    end
+
+    def solve
+      work until solved?
+
+      solution.decisions
+    end
+
+    alias_method :result, :solve
+
+    private
+
+    def propagate(initial_package)
+      changed = [initial_package]
+      while package = changed.shift
+        @incompatibilities[package].reverse_each do |incompatibility|
+          result = propagate_incompatibility(incompatibility)
+          if result == :conflict
+            root_cause = resolve_conflict(incompatibility)
+            changed.clear
+            changed << propagate_incompatibility(root_cause)
+          elsif result # should be a Package
+            changed << result
+          end
+        end
+        changed.uniq!
+      end
+    end
+
+    def propagate_incompatibility(incompatibility)
+      unsatisfied = nil
+      incompatibility.terms.each do |term|
+        relation = solution.relation(term)
+        if relation == :disjoint
+          return nil
+        elsif relation == :overlap
+          # If more than one term is inconclusive, we can't deduce anything
+          return nil if unsatisfied
+          unsatisfied = term
+        end
+      end
+
+      if !unsatisfied
+        return :conflict
+      end
+
+      logger.debug { "derived: #{unsatisfied.invert}" }
+
+      solution.derive(unsatisfied.invert, incompatibility)
+
+      unsatisfied.package
+    end
+
+    def next_package_to_try
+      solution.unsatisfied.min_by do |term|
+        package = term.package
+        range = term.constraint.range
+        matching_versions = source.versions_for(package, range)
+        higher_versions = source.versions_for(package, range.upper_invert)
+
+        [matching_versions.count <= 1 ? 0 : 1, higher_versions.count]
+      end.package
+    end
+
+    def choose_package_version
+      if solution.unsatisfied.empty?
+        logger.info "No packages unsatisfied. Solving complete!"
+        return nil
+      end
+
+      package = next_package_to_try
+      unsatisfied_term = solution.unsatisfied.find { |t| t.package == package }
+      version = source.versions_for(package, unsatisfied_term.constraint.range).first
+      logger.debug { "attempting #{package} #{version}" }
+
+      if version.nil?
+        add_incompatibility source.no_versions_incompatibility_for(package, unsatisfied_term)
+        return package
+      end
+
+      conflict = false
+
+      source.incompatibilities_for(package, version).each do |incompatibility|
+        if @seen_incompatibilities.include?(incompatibility)
+          logger.debug { "knew: #{incompatibility}" }
+          next
+        end
+        @seen_incompatibilities[incompatibility] = true
+
+        add_incompatibility incompatibility
+
+        conflict ||= incompatibility.terms.all? do |term|
+          term.package == package || solution.satisfies?(term)
+        end
+      end
+
+      unless conflict
+        logger.info { "selected #{package} #{version}" }
+
+        solution.decide(package, version)
+      else
+        logger.info { "conflict: #{conflict.inspect}" }
+      end
+
+      package
+    end
+
+    def resolve_conflict(incompatibility)
+      logger.info { "conflict: #{incompatibility}" }
+
+      new_incompatibility = nil
+
+      while !incompatibility.failure?
+        most_recent_term = nil
+        most_recent_satisfier = nil
+        difference = nil
+
+        previous_level = 1
+
+        incompatibility.terms.each do |term|
+          satisfier = solution.satisfier(term)
+
+          if most_recent_satisfier.nil?
+            most_recent_term = term
+            most_recent_satisfier = satisfier
+          elsif most_recent_satisfier.index < satisfier.index
+            previous_level = [previous_level, most_recent_satisfier.decision_level].max
+            most_recent_term = term
+            most_recent_satisfier = satisfier
+            difference = nil
+          else
+            previous_level = [previous_level, satisfier.decision_level].max
+          end
+
+          if most_recent_term == term
+            difference = most_recent_satisfier.term.difference(most_recent_term)
+            if difference.empty?
+              difference = nil
+            else
+              difference_satisfier = solution.satisfier(difference.inverse)
+              previous_level = [previous_level, difference_satisfier.decision_level].max
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        if previous_level < most_recent_satisfier.decision_level ||
+            most_recent_satisfier.decision?
+
+          logger.info { "backtracking to #{previous_level}" }
+          solution.backtrack(previous_level)
+
+          if new_incompatibility
+            add_incompatibility(new_incompatibility)
+          end
+
+          return incompatibility
+        end
+
+        new_terms = []
+        new_terms += incompatibility.terms - [most_recent_term]
+        new_terms += most_recent_satisfier.cause.terms.reject { |term|
+          term.package == most_recent_satisfier.term.package
+        }
+        if difference
+          new_terms << difference.invert
+        end
+
+        new_incompatibility = Incompatibility.new(new_terms, cause: Incompatibility::ConflictCause.new(incompatibility, most_recent_satisfier.cause))
+
+        if incompatibility.to_s == new_incompatibility.to_s
+          logger.info { "!! failed to resolve conflicts, this shouldn't have happened" }
+          break
+        end
+
+        incompatibility = new_incompatibility
+
+        partially = difference ? " partially" : ""
+        logger.info { "! #{most_recent_term} is#{partially} satisfied by #{most_recent_satisfier.term}" }
+        logger.info { "! which is caused by #{most_recent_satisfier.cause}" }
+        logger.info { "! thus #{incompatibility}" }
+      end
+
+      raise SolveFailure.new(incompatibility)
+    end
+
+    def add_incompatibility(incompatibility)
+      logger.debug { "fact: #{incompatibility}" }
+      incompatibility.terms.each do |term|
+        package = term.package
+        @incompatibilities[package] << incompatibility
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_union.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_union.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbc10c3804
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub/version_union.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler::PubGrub
+  class VersionUnion
+    attr_reader :ranges
+
+    def self.normalize_ranges(ranges)
+      ranges = ranges.flat_map do |range|
+        range.ranges
+      end
+
+      ranges.reject!(&:empty?)
+
+      return [] if ranges.empty?
+
+      mins, ranges = ranges.partition { |r| !r.min }
+      original_ranges = mins + ranges.sort_by { |r| [r.min, r.include_min ? 0 : 1] }
+      ranges = [original_ranges.shift]
+      original_ranges.each do |range|
+        if ranges.last.contiguous_to?(range)
+          ranges << ranges.pop.span(range)
+        else
+          ranges << range
+        end
+      end
+
+      ranges
+    end
+
+    def self.union(ranges, normalize: true)
+      ranges = normalize_ranges(ranges) if normalize
+
+      if ranges.size == 0
+        VersionRange.empty
+      elsif ranges.size == 1
+        ranges[0]
+      else
+        new(ranges)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize(ranges)
+      raise ArgumentError unless ranges.all? { |r| r.instance_of?(VersionRange) }
+      @ranges = ranges
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      ranges.hash
+    end
+
+    def eql?(other)
+      ranges.eql?(other.ranges)
+    end
+
+    def include?(version)
+      !!ranges.bsearch {|r| r.compare_version(version) }
+    end
+
+    def select_versions(all_versions)
+      versions = []
+      ranges.inject(all_versions) do |acc, range|
+        _, matching, higher = range.partition_versions(acc)
+        versions.concat matching
+        higher
+      end
+      versions
+    end
+
+    def intersects?(other)
+      my_ranges = ranges.dup
+      other_ranges = other.ranges.dup
+
+      my_range = my_ranges.shift
+      other_range = other_ranges.shift
+      while my_range && other_range
+        if my_range.intersects?(other_range)
+          return true
+        end
+
+        if !my_range.max || other_range.empty? || (other_range.max && other_range.max < my_range.max)
+          other_range = other_ranges.shift
+        else
+          my_range = my_ranges.shift
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    alias_method :allows_any?, :intersects?
+
+    def allows_all?(other)
+      my_ranges = ranges.dup
+
+      my_range = my_ranges.shift
+
+      other.ranges.all? do |other_range|
+        while my_range
+          break if my_range.allows_all?(other_range)
+          my_range = my_ranges.shift
+        end
+
+        !!my_range
+      end
+    end
+
+    def empty?
+      false
+    end
+
+    def any?
+      false
+    end
+
+    def intersect(other)
+      my_ranges = ranges.dup
+      other_ranges = other.ranges.dup
+      new_ranges = []
+
+      my_range = my_ranges.shift
+      other_range = other_ranges.shift
+      while my_range && other_range
+        new_ranges << my_range.intersect(other_range)
+
+        if !my_range.max || other_range.empty? || (other_range.max && other_range.max < my_range.max)
+          other_range = other_ranges.shift
+        else
+          my_range = my_ranges.shift
+        end
+      end
+      new_ranges.reject!(&:empty?)
+      VersionUnion.union(new_ranges, normalize: false)
+    end
+
+    def upper_invert
+      ranges.last.upper_invert
+    end
+
+    def invert
+      ranges.map(&:invert).inject(:intersect)
+    end
+
+    def union(other)
+      VersionUnion.union([self, other])
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      output = []
+
+      ranges = self.ranges.dup
+      while !ranges.empty?
+        ne = []
+        range = ranges.shift
+        while !ranges.empty? && ranges[0].min.to_s == range.max.to_s
+          ne << range.max
+          range = range.span(ranges.shift)
+        end
+
+        ne.map! {|x| "!= #{x}" }
+        if ne.empty?
+          output << range.to_s
+        elsif range.any?
+          output << ne.join(', ')
+        else
+          output << "#{range}, #{ne.join(', ')}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      output.join(" OR ")
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{to_s}>"
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      self.class == other.class &&
+        self.ranges == other.ranges
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor.rb
index 0794dbb522..627722164f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor.rb
@@ -65,8 +65,15 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
     # Defines the long description of the next command.
     #
+    # Long description is by default indented, line-wrapped and repeated whitespace merged.
+    # In order to print long description verbatim, with indentation and spacing exactly
+    # as found in the code, use the +wrap+ option
+    #
+    #   long_desc 'your very long description', wrap: false
+    #
     # ==== Parameters
     # long description<String>
+    # options<Hash>
     #
     def long_desc(long_description, options = {})
       if options[:for]
@@ -74,6 +81,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         command.long_description = long_description if long_description
       else
         @long_desc = long_description
+        @long_desc_wrap = options[:wrap] != false
       end
     end
 
@@ -133,7 +141,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     #     # magic
     #   end
     #
-    #   method_option :foo => :bar, :for => :previous_command
+    #   method_option :foo, :for => :previous_command
     #
     #   def next_command
     #     # magic
@@ -153,6 +161,9 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     # :hide     - If you want to hide this option from the help.
     #
     def method_option(name, options = {})
+      unless [ Symbol, String ].any? { |klass| name.is_a?(klass) }
+        raise ArgumentError, "Expected a Symbol or String, got #{name.inspect}"
+      end
       scope = if options[:for]
         find_and_refresh_command(options[:for]).options
       else
@@ -163,6 +174,81 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     end
     alias_method :option, :method_option
 
+    # Adds and declares option group for exclusive options in the
+    # block and arguments. You can declare options as the outside of the block.
+    #
+    # If :for is given as option, it allows you to change the options from
+    # a previous defined command.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]
+    # options<Hash>:: :for is applied for previous defined command.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   exclusive do
+    #     option :one
+    #     option :two
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Or
+    #
+    #   option :one
+    #   option :two
+    #   exclusive :one, :two
+    #
+    # If you give "--one" and "--two" at the same time ExclusiveArgumentsError
+    # will be raised.
+    #
+    def method_exclusive(*args, &block)
+      register_options_relation_for(:method_options,
+                                    :method_exclusive_option_names, *args, &block)
+    end
+    alias_method :exclusive, :method_exclusive
+
+    # Adds and declares option group for required at least one of options in the
+    # block of arguments. You can declare options as the outside of the block.
+    #
+    # If :for is given as option, it allows you to change the options from
+    # a previous defined command.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]
+    # options<Hash>:: :for is applied for previous defined command.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   at_least_one do
+    #     option :one
+    #     option :two
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Or
+    #
+    #   option :one
+    #   option :two
+    #   at_least_one :one, :two
+    #
+    # If you do not give "--one" and "--two" AtLeastOneRequiredArgumentError
+    # will be raised.
+    #
+    # You can use at_least_one and exclusive at the same time.
+    #
+    #    exclusive do
+    #      at_least_one do
+    #        option :one
+    #        option :two
+    #      end
+    #    end
+    #
+    # Then it is required either only one of "--one" or "--two".
+    #
+    def method_at_least_one(*args, &block)
+      register_options_relation_for(:method_options,
+                                    :method_at_least_one_option_names, *args, &block)
+    end
+    alias_method :at_least_one, :method_at_least_one
+
     # Prints help information for the given command.
     #
     # ==== Parameters
@@ -178,9 +264,16 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       shell.say "  #{banner(command).split("\n").join("\n  ")}"
       shell.say
       class_options_help(shell, nil => command.options.values)
+      print_exclusive_options(shell, command)
+      print_at_least_one_required_options(shell, command)
+
       if command.long_description
         shell.say "Description:"
-        shell.print_wrapped(command.long_description, :indent => 2)
+        if command.wrap_long_description
+          shell.print_wrapped(command.long_description, indent: 2)
+        else
+          shell.say command.long_description
+        end
       else
         shell.say command.description
       end
@@ -197,7 +290,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       Bundler::Thor::Util.thor_classes_in(self).each do |klass|
         list += klass.printable_commands(false)
       end
-      list.sort! { |a, b| a[0] <=> b[0] }
+      sort_commands!(list)
 
       if defined?(@package_name) && @package_name
         shell.say "#{@package_name} commands:"
@@ -205,9 +298,11 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         shell.say "Commands:"
       end
 
-      shell.print_table(list, :indent => 2, :truncate => true)
+      shell.print_table(list, indent: 2, truncate: true)
       shell.say
       class_options_help(shell)
+      print_exclusive_options(shell)
+      print_at_least_one_required_options(shell)
     end
 
     # Returns commands ready to be printed.
@@ -238,7 +333,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
       define_method(subcommand) do |*args|
         args, opts = Bundler::Thor::Arguments.split(args)
-        invoke_args = [args, opts, {:invoked_via_subcommand => true, :class_options => options}]
+        invoke_args = [args, opts, {invoked_via_subcommand: true, class_options: options}]
         invoke_args.unshift "help" if opts.delete("--help") || opts.delete("-h")
         invoke subcommand_class, *invoke_args
       end
@@ -346,6 +441,24 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
   protected
 
+    # Returns this class exclusive options array set.
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # Array[Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]]
+    #
+    def method_exclusive_option_names #:nodoc:
+      @method_exclusive_option_names ||= []
+    end
+
+    # Returns this class at least one of required options array set.
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # Array[Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]]
+    #
+    def method_at_least_one_option_names #:nodoc:
+      @method_at_least_one_option_names ||= []
+    end
+
     def stop_on_unknown_option #:nodoc:
       @stop_on_unknown_option ||= []
     end
@@ -355,8 +468,30 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       @disable_required_check ||= [:help]
     end
 
+    def print_exclusive_options(shell, command = nil) # :nodoc:
+      opts = []
+      opts  = command.method_exclusive_option_names unless command.nil?
+      opts += class_exclusive_option_names
+      unless opts.empty?
+        shell.say "Exclusive Options:"
+        shell.print_table(opts.map{ |ex| ex.map{ |e| "--#{e}"}}, indent: 2 )
+        shell.say
+      end
+    end
+
+    def print_at_least_one_required_options(shell, command = nil) # :nodoc:
+      opts = []
+      opts = command.method_at_least_one_option_names unless command.nil?
+      opts += class_at_least_one_option_names
+      unless opts.empty?
+        shell.say "Required At Least One:"
+        shell.print_table(opts.map{ |ex| ex.map{ |e| "--#{e}"}}, indent: 2 )
+        shell.say
+      end
+    end
+
     # The method responsible for dispatching given the args.
-    def dispatch(meth, given_args, given_opts, config) #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable MethodLength
+    def dispatch(meth, given_args, given_opts, config) #:nodoc:
       meth ||= retrieve_command_name(given_args)
       command = all_commands[normalize_command_name(meth)]
 
@@ -415,12 +550,16 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       @usage ||= nil
       @desc ||= nil
       @long_desc ||= nil
+      @long_desc_wrap ||= nil
       @hide ||= nil
 
       if @usage && @desc
         base_class = @hide ? Bundler::Thor::HiddenCommand : Bundler::Thor::Command
-        commands[meth] = base_class.new(meth, @desc, @long_desc, @usage, method_options)
-        @usage, @desc, @long_desc, @method_options, @hide = nil
+        relations = {exclusive_option_names: method_exclusive_option_names,
+          at_least_one_option_names: method_at_least_one_option_names}
+        commands[meth] = base_class.new(meth, @desc, @long_desc, @long_desc_wrap, @usage, method_options, relations)
+        @usage, @desc, @long_desc, @long_desc_wrap, @method_options, @hide = nil
+        @method_exclusive_option_names, @method_at_least_one_option_names = nil
         true
       elsif all_commands[meth] || meth == "method_missing"
         true
@@ -495,6 +634,14 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 "
     end
     alias_method :subtask_help, :subcommand_help
+
+    # Sort the commands, lexicographically by default.
+    #
+    # Can be overridden in the subclass to change the display order of the
+    # commands.
+    def sort_commands!(list)
+      list.sort! { |a, b| a[0] <=> b[0] }
+    end
   end
 
   include Bundler::Thor::Base
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions.rb
index de9b3b4c86..ca58182691 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions.rb
@@ -46,17 +46,17 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # Add runtime options that help actions execution.
       #
       def add_runtime_options!
-        class_option :force, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-f", :group => :runtime,
-                             :desc => "Overwrite files that already exist"
+        class_option :force, type: :boolean, aliases: "-f", group: :runtime,
+                             desc: "Overwrite files that already exist"
 
-        class_option :pretend, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-p", :group => :runtime,
-                               :desc => "Run but do not make any changes"
+        class_option :pretend, type: :boolean, aliases: "-p", group: :runtime,
+                               desc: "Run but do not make any changes"
 
-        class_option :quiet, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-q", :group => :runtime,
-                             :desc => "Suppress status output"
+        class_option :quiet, type: :boolean, aliases: "-q", group: :runtime,
+                             desc: "Suppress status output"
 
-        class_option :skip, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-s", :group => :runtime,
-                            :desc => "Skip files that already exist"
+        class_option :skip, type: :boolean, aliases: "-s", group: :runtime,
+                            desc: "Skip files that already exist"
       end
     end
 
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     #
     def relative_to_original_destination_root(path, remove_dot = true)
       root = @destination_stack[0]
-      if path.start_with?(root) && [File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR, nil, ''].include?(path[root.size..root.size])
+      if path.start_with?(root) && [File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR, nil, ""].include?(path[root.size..root.size])
         path = path.dup
-        path[0...root.size] = '.'
+        path[0...root.size] = "."
         remove_dot ? (path[2..-1] || "") : path
       else
         path
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       shell.padding += 1 if verbose
       @destination_stack.push File.expand_path(dir, destination_root)
 
-      # If the directory doesnt exist and we're not pretending
+      # If the directory doesn't exist and we're not pretending
       if !File.exist?(destination_root) && !pretend
         require "fileutils"
         FileUtils.mkdir_p(destination_root)
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         require "open-uri"
         URI.open(path, "Accept" => "application/x-thor-template", &:read)
       else
-        open(path, &:read)
+        File.open(path, &:read)
       end
 
       instance_eval(contents, path)
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     #
     def run_ruby_script(command, config = {})
       return unless behavior == :invoke
-      run command, config.merge(:with => Bundler::Thor::Util.ruby_command)
+      run command, config.merge(with: Bundler::Thor::Util.ruby_command)
     end
 
     # Run a thor command. A hash of options can be given and it's converted to
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       args.push Bundler::Thor::Options.to_switches(config)
       command = args.join(" ").strip
 
-      run command, :with => :thor, :verbose => verbose, :pretend => pretend, :capture => capture
+      run command, with: :thor, verbose: verbose, pretend: pretend, capture: capture
     end
 
   protected
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     # Allow current root to be shared between invocations.
     #
     def _shared_configuration #:nodoc:
-      super.merge!(:destination_root => destination_root)
+      super.merge!(destination_root: destination_root)
     end
 
     def _cleanup_options_and_set(options, key) #:nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb
index 330fc08cae..6724835b01 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # Boolean:: true if it is identical, false otherwise.
       #
       def identical?
-        exists? && File.binread(destination) == render
+        # binread uses ASCII-8BIT, so to avoid false negatives, the string must use the same
+        exists? && File.binread(destination) == String.new(render).force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")
       end
 
       # Holds the content to be added to the file.
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         invoke_with_conflict_check do
           require "fileutils"
           FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.dirname(destination))
-          File.open(destination, "wb") { |f| f.write render }
+          File.open(destination, "wb", config[:perm]) { |f| f.write render }
         end
         given_destination
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb
index d37327a139..2f9687c0a5 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       def initialize(base, source, destination = nil, config = {}, &block)
         @source = File.expand_path(Dir[Util.escape_globs(base.find_in_source_paths(source.to_s))].first)
         @block  = block
-        super(base, destination, {:recursive => true}.merge(config))
+        super(base, destination, {recursive: true}.merge(config))
       end
 
       def invoke!
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb
index 284d92c19a..c0bca78525 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       #
       def initialize(base, destination, config = {})
         @base = base
-        @config = {:verbose => true}.merge(config)
+        @config = {verbose: true}.merge(config)
         self.destination = destination
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb
index bf2a737c84..80a0255996 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb
@@ -66,12 +66,15 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     # ==== Parameters
     # source<String>:: the address of the given content.
     # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
-    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status, and
+    #                :http_headers => <Hash> to add headers to an http request.
     #
     # ==== Examples
     #
     #   get "http://gist.github.com/103208", "doc/README"
     #
+    #   get "http://gist.github.com/103208", "doc/README", :http_headers => {"Content-Type" => "application/json"}
+    #
     #   get "http://gist.github.com/103208" do |content|
     #     content.split("\n").first
     #   end
@@ -82,10 +85,10 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
       render = if source =~ %r{^https?\://}
         require "open-uri"
-        URI.send(:open, source) { |input| input.binmode.read }
+        URI.send(:open, source, config.fetch(:http_headers, {})) { |input| input.binmode.read }
       else
         source = File.expand_path(find_in_source_paths(source.to_s))
-        open(source) { |input| input.binmode.read }
+        File.open(source) { |input| input.binmode.read }
       end
 
       destination ||= if block_given?
@@ -120,12 +123,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       context = config.delete(:context) || instance_eval("binding")
 
       create_file destination, nil, config do
-        match = ERB.version.match(/(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/)
-        capturable_erb = if match && match[1] >= "2.2.0" # Ruby 2.6+
-          CapturableERB.new(::File.binread(source), :trim_mode => "-", :eoutvar => "@output_buffer")
-        else
-          CapturableERB.new(::File.binread(source), nil, "-", "@output_buffer")
-        end
+        capturable_erb = CapturableERB.new(::File.binread(source), trim_mode: "-", eoutvar: "@output_buffer")
         content = capturable_erb.tap do |erb|
           erb.filename = source
         end.result(context)
@@ -252,7 +250,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     # flag<Regexp|String>:: the regexp or string to be replaced
     # replacement<String>:: the replacement, can be also given as a block
     # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status, and
-    #                :force => true, to force the replacement regardles of runner behavior.
+    #                :force => true, to force the replacement regardless of runner behavior.
     #
     # ==== Example
     #
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb
index bf013307f1..70526e615f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     #     gems.split(" ").map{ |gem| "  config.gem :#{gem}" }.join("\n")
     #   end
     #
-    WARNINGS = { unchanged_no_flag: 'File unchanged! The supplied flag value not found!' }
+    WARNINGS = {unchanged_no_flag: "File unchanged! Either the supplied flag value not found or the content has already been inserted!"}
 
     def insert_into_file(destination, *args, &block)
       data = block_given? ? block : args.shift
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       attr_reader :replacement, :flag, :behavior
 
       def initialize(base, destination, data, config)
-        super(base, destination, {:verbose => true}.merge(config))
+        super(base, destination, {verbose: true}.merge(config))
 
         @behavior, @flag = if @config.key?(:after)
           [:after, @config.delete(:after)]
@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         if exists?
           if replace!(/#{flag}/, content, config[:force])
             say_status(:invoke)
+          elsif replacement_present?
+            say_status(:unchanged, color: :blue)
           else
             say_status(:unchanged, warning: WARNINGS[:unchanged_no_flag], color: :red)
           end
@@ -96,6 +98,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
           end
         elsif warning
           warning
+        elsif behavior == :unchanged
+          :unchanged
         else
           :subtract
         end
@@ -103,11 +107,18 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         super(status, (color || config[:verbose]))
       end
 
+      def content
+        @content ||= File.read(destination)
+      end
+
+      def replacement_present?
+        content.include?(replacement)
+      end
+
       # Adds the content to the file.
       #
       def replace!(regexp, string, force)
-        content = File.read(destination)
-        if force || !content.include?(replacement)
+        if force || !replacement_present?
           success = content.gsub!(regexp, string)
 
           File.open(destination, "wb") { |file| file.write(content) } unless pretend?
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/base.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/base.rb
index 8487f9590a..b156899c1e 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/base.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/base.rb
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
   class << self
     def deprecation_warning(message) #:nodoc:
-      unless ENV['THOR_SILENCE_DEPRECATION']
+      unless ENV["THOR_SILENCE_DEPRECATION"]
         warn "Deprecation warning: #{message}\n" +
-          'You can silence deprecations warning by setting the environment variable THOR_SILENCE_DEPRECATION.'
+          "You can silence deprecations warning by setting the environment variable THOR_SILENCE_DEPRECATION."
       end
     end
   end
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
       command_options = config.delete(:command_options) # hook for start
       parse_options = parse_options.merge(command_options) if command_options
+
       if local_options.is_a?(Array)
         array_options = local_options
         hash_options = {}
@@ -73,9 +74,24 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # Let Bundler::Thor::Options parse the options first, so it can remove
       # declared options from the array. This will leave us with
       # a list of arguments that weren't declared.
-      stop_on_unknown = self.class.stop_on_unknown_option? config[:current_command]
-      disable_required_check = self.class.disable_required_check? config[:current_command]
-      opts = Bundler::Thor::Options.new(parse_options, hash_options, stop_on_unknown, disable_required_check)
+      current_command = config[:current_command]
+      stop_on_unknown = self.class.stop_on_unknown_option? current_command
+
+      # Give a relation of options.
+      # After parsing, Bundler::Thor::Options check whether right relations are kept
+      relations = if current_command.nil?
+        {exclusive_option_names: [], at_least_one_option_names: []}
+      else
+        current_command.options_relation
+      end
+
+      self.class.class_exclusive_option_names.map { |n| relations[:exclusive_option_names] << n }
+      self.class.class_at_least_one_option_names.map { |n| relations[:at_least_one_option_names] << n }
+
+      disable_required_check = self.class.disable_required_check? current_command
+
+      opts = Bundler::Thor::Options.new(parse_options, hash_options, stop_on_unknown, disable_required_check, relations)
+
       self.options = opts.parse(array_options)
       self.options = config[:class_options].merge(options) if config[:class_options]
 
@@ -310,9 +326,92 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # :hide::     -- If you want to hide this option from the help.
       #
       def class_option(name, options = {})
+        unless [ Symbol, String ].any? { |klass| name.is_a?(klass) }
+          raise ArgumentError, "Expected a Symbol or String, got #{name.inspect}"
+        end
         build_option(name, options, class_options)
       end
 
+      # Adds and declares option group for exclusive options in the
+      # block and arguments. You can declare options as the outside of the block.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   class_exclusive do
+      #     class_option :one
+      #     class_option :two
+      #    end
+      #
+      # Or
+      #
+      #   class_option :one
+      #   class_option :two
+      #   class_exclusive :one, :two
+      #
+      # If you give "--one" and "--two" at the same time ExclusiveArgumentsError
+      # will be raised.
+      #
+      def class_exclusive(*args, &block)
+        register_options_relation_for(:class_options,
+                                      :class_exclusive_option_names, *args, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Adds and declares option group for required at least one of options in the
+      # block and arguments. You can declare options as the outside of the block.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   class_at_least_one do
+      #     class_option :one
+      #     class_option :two
+      #    end
+      #
+      # Or
+      #
+      #   class_option :one
+      #   class_option :two
+      #   class_at_least_one :one, :two
+      #
+      # If you do not give "--one" and "--two" AtLeastOneRequiredArgumentError
+      # will be raised.
+      #
+      # You can use class_at_least_one and class_exclusive at the same time.
+      #
+      #    class_exclusive do
+      #      class_at_least_one do
+      #        class_option :one
+      #        class_option :two
+      #      end
+      #    end
+      #
+      # Then it is required either only one of "--one" or "--two".
+      #
+      def class_at_least_one(*args, &block)
+        register_options_relation_for(:class_options,
+                                      :class_at_least_one_option_names, *args, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Returns this class exclusive options array set, looking up in the ancestors chain.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Array[Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]]
+      #
+      def class_exclusive_option_names
+        @class_exclusive_option_names ||= from_superclass(:class_exclusive_option_names, [])
+      end
+
+      # Returns this class at least one of required options array set, looking up in the ancestors chain.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Array[Array[Bundler::Thor::Option.name]]
+      #
+      def class_at_least_one_option_names
+        @class_at_least_one_option_names ||= from_superclass(:class_at_least_one_option_names, [])
+      end
+
       # Removes a previous defined argument. If :undefine is given, undefine
       # accessors as well.
       #
@@ -506,7 +605,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       #
       def public_command(*names)
         names.each do |name|
-          class_eval "def #{name}(*); super end"
+          class_eval "def #{name}(*); super end", __FILE__, __LINE__
         end
       end
       alias_method :public_task, :public_command
@@ -558,20 +657,19 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         return if options.empty?
 
         list = []
-        padding = options.map { |o| o.aliases.size }.max.to_i * 4
-
+        padding = options.map { |o| o.aliases_for_usage.size }.max.to_i
         options.each do |option|
           next if option.hide
           item = [option.usage(padding)]
           item.push(option.description ? "# #{option.description}" : "")
 
           list << item
-          list << ["", "# Default: #{option.default}"] if option.show_default?
-          list << ["", "# Possible values: #{option.enum.join(', ')}"] if option.enum
+          list << ["", "# Default: #{option.print_default}"] if option.show_default?
+          list << ["", "# Possible values: #{option.enum_to_s}"] if option.enum
         end
 
         shell.say(group_name ? "#{group_name} options:" : "Options:")
-        shell.print_table(list, :indent => 2)
+        shell.print_table(list, indent: 2)
         shell.say ""
       end
 
@@ -588,7 +686,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # options<Hash>:: Described in both class_option and method_option.
       # scope<Hash>:: Options hash that is being built up
       def build_option(name, options, scope) #:nodoc:
-        scope[name] = Bundler::Thor::Option.new(name, {:check_default_type => check_default_type}.merge!(options))
+        scope[name] = Bundler::Thor::Option.new(name, {check_default_type: check_default_type}.merge!(options))
       end
 
       # Receives a hash of options, parse them and add to the scope. This is a
@@ -610,7 +708,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       def find_and_refresh_command(name) #:nodoc:
         if commands[name.to_s]
           commands[name.to_s]
-        elsif command = all_commands[name.to_s] # rubocop:disable AssignmentInCondition
+        elsif command = all_commands[name.to_s] # rubocop:disable Lint/AssignmentInCondition
           commands[name.to_s] = command.clone
         else
           raise ArgumentError, "You supplied :for => #{name.inspect}, but the command #{name.inspect} could not be found."
@@ -618,7 +716,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
       alias_method :find_and_refresh_task, :find_and_refresh_command
 
-      # Everytime someone inherits from a Bundler::Thor class, register the klass
+      # Every time someone inherits from a Bundler::Thor class, register the klass
       # and file into baseclass.
       def inherited(klass)
         super(klass)
@@ -694,6 +792,34 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       def dispatch(command, given_args, given_opts, config) #:nodoc:
         raise NotImplementedError
       end
+
+      # Register a relation of options for target(method_option/class_option)
+      # by args and block.
+      def register_options_relation_for(target, relation, *args, &block) # :nodoc:
+        opt = args.pop if args.last.is_a? Hash
+        opt ||= {}
+        names = args.map{ |arg| arg.to_s }
+        names += built_option_names(target, opt, &block) if block_given?
+        command_scope_member(relation, opt) << names
+      end
+
+      # Get target(method_options or class_options) options
+      # of before and after by block evaluation.
+      def built_option_names(target, opt = {}, &block) # :nodoc:
+        before = command_scope_member(target, opt).map{ |k,v| v.name }
+        instance_eval(&block)
+        after  = command_scope_member(target, opt).map{ |k,v| v.name }
+        after - before
+      end
+
+      # Get command scope member by name.
+      def command_scope_member(name, options = {}) # :nodoc:
+        if options[:for]
+          find_and_refresh_command(options[:for]).send(name)
+        else
+          send(name)
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/command.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/command.rb
index 040c971c0c..68c8fffedb 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/command.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/command.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 class Bundler::Thor
-  class Command < Struct.new(:name, :description, :long_description, :usage, :options, :ancestor_name)
+  class Command < Struct.new(:name, :description, :long_description, :wrap_long_description, :usage, :options, :options_relation, :ancestor_name)
     FILE_REGEXP = /^#{Regexp.escape(File.dirname(__FILE__))}/
 
-    def initialize(name, description, long_description, usage, options = nil)
-      super(name.to_s, description, long_description, usage, options || {})
+    def initialize(name, description, long_description, wrap_long_description, usage, options = nil, options_relation = nil)
+      super(name.to_s, description, long_description, wrap_long_description, usage, options || {}, options_relation || {})
     end
 
     def initialize_copy(other) #:nodoc:
       super(other)
       self.options = other.options.dup if other.options
+      self.options_relation = other.options_relation.dup if other.options_relation
     end
 
     def hidden?
@@ -62,6 +63,14 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end.join("\n")
     end
 
+    def method_exclusive_option_names #:nodoc:
+      self.options_relation[:exclusive_option_names] || []
+    end
+
+    def method_at_least_one_option_names #:nodoc:
+      self.options_relation[:at_least_one_option_names] || []
+    end
+
   protected
 
     # Add usage with required arguments
@@ -127,7 +136,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
   # A dynamic command that handles method missing scenarios.
   class DynamicCommand < Command
     def initialize(name, options = nil)
-      super(name.to_s, "A dynamically-generated command", name.to_s, name.to_s, options)
+      super(name.to_s, "A dynamically-generated command", name.to_s, nil, name.to_s, options)
     end
 
     def run(instance, args = [])
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
index 3c4483e5dd..b16a98f782 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         super(convert_key(key), *args)
       end
 
+      def slice(*keys)
+        super(*keys.map{ |key| convert_key(key) })
+      end
+
       def key?(key)
         super(convert_key(key))
       end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/error.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/error.rb
index 03f2ce85bb..928646e501 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/error.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/error.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 class Bundler::Thor
   Correctable = if defined?(DidYouMean::SpellChecker) && defined?(DidYouMean::Correctable) # rubocop:disable Naming/ConstantName
-                  # In order to support versions of Ruby that don't have keyword
-                  # arguments, we need our own spell checker class that doesn't take key
-                  # words. Even though this code wouldn't be hit because of the check
-                  # above, it's still necessary because the interpreter would otherwise be
-                  # unable to parse the file.
-                  class NoKwargSpellChecker < DidYouMean::SpellChecker # :nodoc:
-                    def initialize(dictionary)
-                      @dictionary = dictionary
-                    end
-                  end
-
-                  DidYouMean::Correctable
-                end
+    Module.new do
+      def to_s
+        super + DidYouMean.formatter.message_for(corrections)
+      end
+
+      def corrections
+        @corrections ||= self.class.const_get(:SpellChecker).new(self).corrections
+      end
+    end
+  end
 
   # Bundler::Thor::Error is raised when it's caused by wrong usage of thor classes. Those
   # errors have their backtrace suppressed and are nicely shown to the user.
@@ -37,7 +34,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
 
       def spell_checker
-        NoKwargSpellChecker.new(error.all_commands)
+        DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: error.all_commands)
       end
     end
 
@@ -79,7 +76,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
 
       def spell_checker
-        @spell_checker ||= NoKwargSpellChecker.new(error.switches)
+        @spell_checker ||= DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: error.switches)
       end
     end
 
@@ -101,15 +98,9 @@ class Bundler::Thor
   class MalformattedArgumentError < InvocationError
   end
 
-  if Correctable
-    if DidYouMean.respond_to?(:correct_error)
-      DidYouMean.correct_error(Bundler::Thor::UndefinedCommandError, UndefinedCommandError::SpellChecker)
-      DidYouMean.correct_error(Bundler::Thor::UnknownArgumentError, UnknownArgumentError::SpellChecker)
-    else
-      DidYouMean::SPELL_CHECKERS.merge!(
-        'Bundler::Thor::UndefinedCommandError' => UndefinedCommandError::SpellChecker,
-        'Bundler::Thor::UnknownArgumentError' => UnknownArgumentError::SpellChecker
-      )
-    end
+  class ExclusiveArgumentError < InvocationError
+  end
+
+  class AtLeastOneRequiredArgumentError < InvocationError
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/group.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/group.rb
index 7861d05345..7ea11e8f93 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/group.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/group.rb
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor::Group
     # options are added to group_options hash. Options that already exists
     # in base_options are not added twice.
     #
-    def get_options_from_invocations(group_options, base_options) #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable MethodLength
+    def get_options_from_invocations(group_options, base_options) #:nodoc:
       invocations.each do |name, from_option|
         value = if from_option
           option = class_options[name]
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/invocation.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/invocation.rb
index 248a466f8e..5ce74710ba 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/invocation.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/invocation.rb
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
     # Configuration values that are shared between invocations.
     def _shared_configuration #:nodoc:
-      {:invocations => @_invocations}
+      {invocations: @_invocations}
     end
 
     # This method simply retrieves the class and command to be invoked.
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/nested_context.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/nested_context.rb
index fd36b9d43f..7d60cb1c12 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/nested_context.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/nested_context.rb
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     end
 
     def entered?
-      @depth > 0
+      @depth.positive?
     end
 
-    private
+  private
 
     def push
       @depth += 1
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb
index dfe7398583..b9e94e4669 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb
@@ -24,6 +24,17 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       validate! # Trigger specific validations
     end
 
+    def print_default
+      if @type == :array and @default.is_a?(Array)
+        @default.map { |x|
+          p = x.gsub('"','\\"')
+          "\"#{p}\""
+        }.join(" ")
+      else
+        @default
+      end
+    end
+
     def usage
       required? ? banner : "[#{banner}]"
     end
@@ -41,11 +52,19 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
     end
 
+    def enum_to_s
+      if enum.respond_to? :join
+        enum.join(", ")
+      else
+        "#{enum.first}..#{enum.last}"
+      end
+    end
+
   protected
 
     def validate!
       raise ArgumentError, "An argument cannot be required and have default value." if required? && !default.nil?
-      raise ArgumentError, "An argument cannot have an enum other than an array." if @enum && !@enum.is_a?(Array)
+      raise ArgumentError, "An argument cannot have an enum other than an enumerable." if @enum && !@enum.is_a?(Enumerable)
     end
 
     def valid_type?(type)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb
index 3a5d82cf29..b6f9c9a37a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 class Bundler::Thor
-  class Arguments #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLength
+  class Arguments #:nodoc:
     NUMERIC = /[-+]?(\d*\.\d+|\d+)/
 
     # Receives an array of args and returns two arrays, one with arguments
@@ -30,11 +30,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
       arguments.each do |argument|
         if !argument.default.nil?
-          begin
-            @assigns[argument.human_name] = argument.default.dup
-          rescue TypeError  # Compatibility shim for un-dup-able Fixnum in Ruby < 2.4
-            @assigns[argument.human_name] = argument.default
-          end
+          @assigns[argument.human_name] = argument.default.dup
         elsif argument.required?
           @non_assigned_required << argument
         end
@@ -121,8 +117,18 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     #
     def parse_array(name)
       return shift if peek.is_a?(Array)
+
       array = []
-      array << shift while current_is_value?
+
+      while current_is_value?
+        value = shift
+
+        if !value.empty?
+          validate_enum_value!(name, value, "Expected all values of '%s' to be one of %s; got %s")
+        end
+
+        array << value
+      end
       array
     end
 
@@ -138,11 +144,9 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
 
       value = $&.index(".") ? shift.to_f : shift.to_i
-      if @switches.is_a?(Hash) && switch = @switches[name]
-        if switch.enum && !switch.enum.include?(value)
-          raise MalformattedArgumentError, "Expected '#{name}' to be one of #{switch.enum.join(', ')}; got #{value}"
-        end
-      end
+
+      validate_enum_value!(name, value, "Expected '%s' to be one of %s; got %s")
+
       value
     end
 
@@ -156,15 +160,27 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         nil
       else
         value = shift
-        if @switches.is_a?(Hash) && switch = @switches[name]
-          if switch.enum && !switch.enum.include?(value)
-            raise MalformattedArgumentError, "Expected '#{name}' to be one of #{switch.enum.join(', ')}; got #{value}"
-          end
-        end
+
+        validate_enum_value!(name, value, "Expected '%s' to be one of %s; got %s")
+
         value
       end
     end
 
+    # Raises an error if the switch is an enum and the values aren't included on it.
+    #
+    def validate_enum_value!(name, value, message)
+      return unless @switches.is_a?(Hash)
+
+      switch = @switches[name]
+
+      return unless switch
+
+      if switch.enum && !switch.enum.include?(value)
+        raise MalformattedArgumentError, message % [name, switch.enum_to_s, value]
+      end
+    end
+
     # Raises an error if @non_assigned_required array is not empty.
     #
     def check_requirement!
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/option.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/option.rb
index 5a5af6f888..c6af4e1e87 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/option.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/option.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       super
       @lazy_default   = options[:lazy_default]
       @group          = options[:group].to_s.capitalize if options[:group]
-      @aliases        = Array(options[:aliases])
+      @aliases        = normalize_aliases(options[:aliases])
       @hide           = options[:hide]
     end
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         default = nil
         if VALID_TYPES.include?(value)
           value
-        elsif required = (value == :required) # rubocop:disable AssignmentInCondition
+        elsif required = (value == :required) # rubocop:disable Lint/AssignmentInCondition
           :string
         end
       when TrueClass, FalseClass
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         value.class.name.downcase.to_sym
       end
 
-      new(name.to_s, :required => required, :type => type, :default => default, :aliases => aliases)
+      new(name.to_s, required: required, type: type, default: default, aliases: aliases)
     end
 
     def switch_name
@@ -90,13 +90,26 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       sample = "[#{sample}]".dup unless required?
 
       if boolean?
-        sample << ", [#{dasherize('no-' + human_name)}]" unless (name == "force") || name.start_with?("no-")
+        sample << ", [#{dasherize('no-' + human_name)}]" unless (name == "force") || name.match(/\Ano[\-_]/)
       end
 
+      aliases_for_usage.ljust(padding) + sample
+    end
+
+    def aliases_for_usage
       if aliases.empty?
-        (" " * padding) << sample
+        ""
+      else
+        "#{aliases.join(', ')}, "
+      end
+    end
+
+    def show_default?
+      case default
+      when TrueClass, FalseClass
+        true
       else
-        "#{aliases.join(', ')}, #{sample}"
+        super
       end
     end
 
@@ -138,8 +151,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
           raise ArgumentError, err
         elsif @check_default_type == nil
           Bundler::Thor.deprecation_warning "#{err}.\n" +
-            'This will be rejected in the future unless you explicitly pass the options `check_default_type: false`' +
-            ' or call `allow_incompatible_default_type!` in your code'
+            "This will be rejected in the future unless you explicitly pass the options `check_default_type: false`" +
+            " or call `allow_incompatible_default_type!` in your code"
         end
       end
     end
@@ -155,5 +168,11 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     def dasherize(str)
       (str.length > 1 ? "--" : "-") + str.tr("_", "-")
     end
+
+  private
+
+    def normalize_aliases(aliases)
+      Array(aliases).map { |short| short.to_s.sub(/^(?!\-)/, "-") }
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/options.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/options.rb
index 5bd97aba6f..978e76b132 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/options.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/parser/options.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 class Bundler::Thor
-  class Options < Arguments #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLength
+  class Options < Arguments #:nodoc:
     LONG_RE     = /^(--\w+(?:-\w+)*)$/
     SHORT_RE    = /^(-[a-z])$/i
     EQ_RE       = /^(--\w+(?:-\w+)*|-[a-z])=(.*)$/i
@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     #
     # If +stop_on_unknown+ is true, #parse will stop as soon as it encounters
     # an unknown option or a regular argument.
-    def initialize(hash_options = {}, defaults = {}, stop_on_unknown = false, disable_required_check = false)
+    def initialize(hash_options = {}, defaults = {}, stop_on_unknown = false, disable_required_check = false, relations = {})
       @stop_on_unknown = stop_on_unknown
+      @exclusives = (relations[:exclusive_option_names] || []).select{|array| !array.empty?}
+      @at_least_ones = (relations[:at_least_one_option_names] || []).select{|array| !array.empty?}
       @disable_required_check = disable_required_check
       options = hash_options.values
       super(options)
@@ -50,8 +52,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       options.each do |option|
         @switches[option.switch_name] = option
 
-        option.aliases.each do |short|
-          name = short.to_s.sub(/^(?!\-)/, "-")
+        option.aliases.each do |name|
           @shorts[name] ||= option.switch_name
         end
       end
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       super(arg)
     end
 
-    def parse(args) # rubocop:disable MethodLength
+    def parse(args) # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
       @pile = args.dup
       @is_treated_as_value = false
       @parsing_options = true
@@ -132,12 +133,38 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
 
       check_requirement! unless @disable_required_check
+      check_exclusive!
+      check_at_least_one!
 
       assigns = Bundler::Thor::CoreExt::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@assigns)
       assigns.freeze
       assigns
     end
 
+    def check_exclusive!
+      opts = @assigns.keys
+      # When option A and B are exclusive, if A and B are given at the same time,
+      # the diffrence of argument array size will decrease.
+      found = @exclusives.find{ |ex| (ex - opts).size < ex.size - 1 }
+      if found
+        names = names_to_switch_names(found & opts).map{|n| "'#{n}'"}
+        class_name = self.class.name.split("::").last.downcase
+        fail ExclusiveArgumentError, "Found exclusive #{class_name} #{names.join(", ")}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def check_at_least_one!
+      opts = @assigns.keys
+      # When at least one is required of the options A and B,
+      # if the both options were not given, none? would be true.
+      found = @at_least_ones.find{ |one_reqs| one_reqs.none?{ |o| opts.include? o} }
+      if found
+        names = names_to_switch_names(found).map{|n| "'#{n}'"}
+        class_name = self.class.name.split("::").last.downcase
+        fail AtLeastOneRequiredArgumentError, "Not found at least one of required #{class_name} #{names.join(", ")}"
+      end
+    end
+
     def check_unknown!
       to_check = @stopped_parsing_after_extra_index ? @extra[0...@stopped_parsing_after_extra_index] : @extra
 
@@ -148,6 +175,17 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
   protected
 
+    # Option names changes to swith name or human name
+    def names_to_switch_names(names = [])
+      @switches.map do |_, o|
+        if names.include? o.name
+          o.respond_to?(:switch_name) ? o.switch_name : o.human_name
+        else
+          nil
+        end
+      end.compact
+    end
+
     def assign_result!(option, result)
       if option.repeatable && option.type == :hash
         (@assigns[option.human_name] ||= {}).merge!(result)
@@ -194,7 +232,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     end
 
     def switch_option(arg)
-      if match = no_or_skip?(arg) # rubocop:disable AssignmentInCondition
+      if match = no_or_skip?(arg) # rubocop:disable Lint/AssignmentInCondition
         @switches[arg] || @switches["--#{match}"]
       else
         @switches[arg]
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb
index f8f86372cc..c6a4653fc1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ instance_eval do
   def task(*)
     task = super
 
-    if klass = Bundler::Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.last # rubocop:disable AssignmentInCondition
+    if klass = Bundler::Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.last # rubocop:disable Lint/AssignmentInCondition
       non_namespaced_name = task.name.split(":").last
 
       description = non_namespaced_name
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ instance_eval do
   end
 
   def namespace(name)
-    if klass = Bundler::Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.last # rubocop:disable AssignmentInCondition
+    if klass = Bundler::Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.last # rubocop:disable Lint/AssignmentInCondition
       const_name = Bundler::Thor::Util.camel_case(name.to_s).to_sym
       klass.const_set(const_name, Class.new(Bundler::Thor))
       new_klass = klass.const_get(const_name)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/runner.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/runner.rb
index 54c5525093..c7cc873131 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/runner.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/runner.rb
@@ -2,12 +2,10 @@ require_relative "../thor"
 require_relative "group"
 
 require "yaml"
-require "digest/md5"
+require "digest/sha2"
 require "pathname"
 
-class Bundler::Thor::Runner < Bundler::Thor #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLength
-  autoload :OpenURI, "open-uri"
-
+class Bundler::Thor::Runner < Bundler::Thor #:nodoc:
   map "-T" => :list, "-i" => :install, "-u" => :update, "-v" => :version
 
   def self.banner(command, all = false, subcommand = false)
@@ -25,7 +23,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor::Runner < Bundler::Thor #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLeng
       initialize_thorfiles(meth)
       klass, command = Bundler::Thor::Util.find_class_and_command_by_namespace(meth)
       self.class.handle_no_command_error(command, false) if klass.nil?
-      klass.start(["-h", command].compact, :shell => shell)
+      klass.start(["-h", command].compact, shell: shell)
     else
       super
     end
@@ -40,30 +38,42 @@ class Bundler::Thor::Runner < Bundler::Thor #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLeng
     klass, command = Bundler::Thor::Util.find_class_and_command_by_namespace(meth)
     self.class.handle_no_command_error(command, false) if klass.nil?
     args.unshift(command) if command
-    klass.start(args, :shell => shell)
+    klass.start(args, shell: shell)
   end
 
   desc "install NAME", "Install an optionally named Bundler::Thor file into your system commands"
-  method_options :as => :string, :relative => :boolean, :force => :boolean
-  def install(name) # rubocop:disable MethodLength
+  method_options as: :string, relative: :boolean, force: :boolean
+  def install(name) # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
     initialize_thorfiles
 
-    # If a directory name is provided as the argument, look for a 'main.thor'
-    # command in said directory.
-    begin
-      if File.directory?(File.expand_path(name))
-        base = File.join(name, "main.thor")
-        package = :directory
-        contents = open(base, &:read)
-      else
-        base = name
-        package = :file
-        contents = open(name, &:read)
+    is_uri  = name =~ %r{^https?\://}
+
+    if is_uri
+      base = name
+      package = :file
+      require "open-uri"
+      begin
+        contents = URI.open(name, &:read)
+      rescue OpenURI::HTTPError
+        raise Error, "Error opening URI '#{name}'"
+      end
+    else
+      # If a directory name is provided as the argument, look for a 'main.thor'
+      # command in said directory.
+      begin
+        if File.directory?(File.expand_path(name))
+          base = File.join(name, "main.thor")
+          package = :directory
+          contents = File.open(base, &:read)
+        else
+          base = name
+          package = :file
+          require "open-uri"
+          contents = URI.open(name, &:read)
+        end
+      rescue Errno::ENOENT
+        raise Error, "Error opening file '#{name}'"
       end
-    rescue OpenURI::HTTPError
-      raise Error, "Error opening URI '#{name}'"
-    rescue Errno::ENOENT
-      raise Error, "Error opening file '#{name}'"
     end
 
     say "Your Thorfile contains:"
@@ -84,16 +94,16 @@ class Bundler::Thor::Runner < Bundler::Thor #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLeng
       as = basename if as.empty?
     end
 
-    location = if options[:relative] || name =~ %r{^https?://}
+    location = if options[:relative] || is_uri
       name
     else
       File.expand_path(name)
     end
 
     thor_yaml[as] = {
-      :filename   => Digest::MD5.hexdigest(name + as),
-      :location   => location,
-      :namespaces => Bundler::Thor::Util.namespaces_in_content(contents, base)
+      filename: Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(name + as),
+      location: location,
+      namespaces: Bundler::Thor::Util.namespaces_in_content(contents, base)
     }
 
     save_yaml(thor_yaml)
@@ -154,14 +164,14 @@ class Bundler::Thor::Runner < Bundler::Thor #:nodoc: # rubocop:disable ClassLeng
   end
 
   desc "installed", "List the installed Bundler::Thor modules and commands"
-  method_options :internal => :boolean
+  method_options internal: :boolean
   def installed
     initialize_thorfiles(nil, true)
     display_klasses(true, options["internal"])
   end
 
   desc "list [SEARCH]", "List the available thor commands (--substring means .*SEARCH)"
-  method_options :substring => :boolean, :group => :string, :all => :boolean, :debug => :boolean
+  method_options substring: :boolean, group: :string, all: :boolean, debug: :boolean
   def list(search = "")
     initialize_thorfiles
 
@@ -303,7 +313,7 @@ private
     say shell.set_color(namespace, :blue, true)
     say "-" * namespace.size
 
-    print_table(list, :truncate => true)
+    print_table(list, truncate: true)
     say
   end
   alias_method :display_tasks, :display_commands
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell.rb
index a4137d1bde..265f3ba046 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell.rb
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
     # Allow shell to be shared between invocations.
     #
     def _shared_configuration #:nodoc:
-      super.merge!(:shell => shell)
+      super.merge!(shell: shell)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb
index 8eff00bf3d..dc3179e5f3 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+require_relative "column_printer"
+require_relative "table_printer"
+require_relative "wrapped_printer"
+
 class Bundler::Thor
   module Shell
     class Basic
-      DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH = 80
-
       attr_accessor :base
       attr_reader   :padding
 
@@ -145,14 +147,14 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # "yes".
       #
       def yes?(statement, color = nil)
-        !!(ask(statement, color, :add_to_history => false) =~ is?(:yes))
+        !!(ask(statement, color, add_to_history: false) =~ is?(:yes))
       end
 
       # Make a question the to user and returns true if the user replies "n" or
       # "no".
       #
       def no?(statement, color = nil)
-        !!(ask(statement, color, :add_to_history => false) =~ is?(:no))
+        !!(ask(statement, color, add_to_history: false) =~ is?(:no))
       end
 
       # Prints values in columns
@@ -161,16 +163,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # Array[String, String, ...]
       #
       def print_in_columns(array)
-        return if array.empty?
-        colwidth = (array.map { |el| el.to_s.size }.max || 0) + 2
-        array.each_with_index do |value, index|
-          # Don't output trailing spaces when printing the last column
-          if ((((index + 1) % (terminal_width / colwidth))).zero? && !index.zero?) || index + 1 == array.length
-            stdout.puts value
-          else
-            stdout.printf("%-#{colwidth}s", value)
-          end
-        end
+        printer = ColumnPrinter.new(stdout)
+        printer.print(array)
       end
 
       # Prints a table.
@@ -181,58 +175,11 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # ==== Options
       # indent<Integer>:: Indent the first column by indent value.
       # colwidth<Integer>:: Force the first column to colwidth spaces wide.
+      # borders<Boolean>:: Adds ascii borders.
       #
-      def print_table(array, options = {}) # rubocop:disable MethodLength
-        return if array.empty?
-
-        formats = []
-        indent = options[:indent].to_i
-        colwidth = options[:colwidth]
-        options[:truncate] = terminal_width if options[:truncate] == true
-
-        formats << "%-#{colwidth + 2}s".dup if colwidth
-        start = colwidth ? 1 : 0
-
-        colcount = array.max { |a, b| a.size <=> b.size }.size
-
-        maximas = []
-
-        start.upto(colcount - 1) do |index|
-          maxima = array.map { |row| row[index] ? row[index].to_s.size : 0 }.max
-          maximas << maxima
-          formats << if index == colcount - 1
-                       # Don't output 2 trailing spaces when printing the last column
-                       "%-s".dup
-                     else
-                       "%-#{maxima + 2}s".dup
-                     end
-        end
-
-        formats[0] = formats[0].insert(0, " " * indent)
-        formats << "%s"
-
-        array.each do |row|
-          sentence = "".dup
-
-          row.each_with_index do |column, index|
-            maxima = maximas[index]
-
-            f = if column.is_a?(Numeric)
-              if index == row.size - 1
-                # Don't output 2 trailing spaces when printing the last column
-                "%#{maxima}s"
-              else
-                "%#{maxima}s  "
-              end
-            else
-              formats[index]
-            end
-            sentence << f % column.to_s
-          end
-
-          sentence = truncate(sentence, options[:truncate]) if options[:truncate]
-          stdout.puts sentence
-        end
+      def print_table(array, options = {}) # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
+        printer = TablePrinter.new(stdout, options)
+        printer.print(array)
       end
 
       # Prints a long string, word-wrapping the text to the current width of the
@@ -245,33 +192,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # indent<Integer>:: Indent each line of the printed paragraph by indent value.
       #
       def print_wrapped(message, options = {})
-        indent = options[:indent] || 0
-        width = terminal_width - indent
-        paras = message.split("\n\n")
-
-        paras.map! do |unwrapped|
-          words = unwrapped.split(" ")
-          counter = words.first.length
-          words.inject do |memo, word|
-            word = word.gsub(/\n\005/, "\n").gsub(/\005/, "\n")
-            counter = 0 if word.include? "\n"
-            if (counter + word.length + 1) < width
-              memo = "#{memo} #{word}"
-              counter += (word.length + 1)
-            else
-              memo = "#{memo}\n#{word}"
-              counter = word.length
-            end
-            memo
-          end
-        end.compact!
-
-        paras.each do |para|
-          para.split("\n").each do |line|
-            stdout.puts line.insert(0, " " * indent)
-          end
-          stdout.puts unless para == paras.last
-        end
+        printer = WrappedPrinter.new(stdout, options)
+        printer.print(message)
       end
 
       # Deals with file collision and returns true if the file should be
@@ -289,7 +211,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         loop do
           answer = ask(
             %[Overwrite #{destination}? (enter "h" for help) #{options}],
-            :add_to_history => false
+            add_to_history: false
           )
 
           case answer
@@ -316,24 +238,11 @@ class Bundler::Thor
 
             say "Please specify merge tool to `THOR_MERGE` env."
           else
-            say file_collision_help
+            say file_collision_help(block_given?)
           end
         end
       end
 
-      # This code was copied from Rake, available under MIT-LICENSE
-      # Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Jim Weirich
-      def terminal_width
-        result = if ENV["THOR_COLUMNS"]
-          ENV["THOR_COLUMNS"].to_i
-        else
-          unix? ? dynamic_width : DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH
-        end
-        result < 10 ? DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH : result
-      rescue
-        DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH
-      end
-
       # Called if something goes wrong during the execution. This is used by Bundler::Thor
       # internally and should not be used inside your scripts. If something went
       # wrong, you can always raise an exception. If you raise a Bundler::Thor::Error, it
@@ -384,16 +293,21 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         end
       end
 
-      def file_collision_help #:nodoc:
-        <<-HELP
+      def file_collision_help(block_given) #:nodoc:
+        help = <<-HELP
         Y - yes, overwrite
         n - no, do not overwrite
         a - all, overwrite this and all others
         q - quit, abort
-        d - diff, show the differences between the old and the new
         h - help, show this help
-        m - merge, run merge tool
         HELP
+        if block_given
+          help << <<-HELP
+        d - diff, show the differences between the old and the new
+        m - merge, run merge tool
+          HELP
+        end
+        help
       end
 
       def show_diff(destination, content) #:nodoc:
@@ -411,46 +325,8 @@ class Bundler::Thor
         mute? || (base && base.options[:quiet])
       end
 
-      # Calculate the dynamic width of the terminal
-      def dynamic_width
-        @dynamic_width ||= (dynamic_width_stty.nonzero? || dynamic_width_tput)
-      end
-
-      def dynamic_width_stty
-        `stty size 2>/dev/null`.split[1].to_i
-      end
-
-      def dynamic_width_tput
-        `tput cols 2>/dev/null`.to_i
-      end
-
       def unix?
-        RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(aix|darwin|linux|(net|free|open)bsd|cygwin|solaris|irix|hpux)/i
-      end
-
-      def truncate(string, width)
-        as_unicode do
-          chars = string.chars.to_a
-          if chars.length <= width
-            chars.join
-          else
-            chars[0, width - 3].join + "..."
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      if "".respond_to?(:encode)
-        def as_unicode
-          yield
-        end
-      else
-        def as_unicode
-          old = $KCODE
-          $KCODE = "U"
-          yield
-        ensure
-          $KCODE = old
-        end
+        Terminal.unix?
       end
 
       def ask_simply(statement, color, options)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/color.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/color.rb
index dc167ed3cc..5d708fadca 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/color.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/color.rb
@@ -105,52 +105,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       end
 
       def are_colors_disabled?
-        !ENV['NO_COLOR'].nil?
-      end
-
-      # Overwrite show_diff to show diff with colors if Diff::LCS is
-      # available.
-      #
-      def show_diff(destination, content) #:nodoc:
-        if diff_lcs_loaded? && ENV["THOR_DIFF"].nil? && ENV["RAILS_DIFF"].nil?
-          actual  = File.binread(destination).to_s.split("\n")
-          content = content.to_s.split("\n")
-
-          Diff::LCS.sdiff(actual, content).each do |diff|
-            output_diff_line(diff)
-          end
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-
-      def output_diff_line(diff) #:nodoc:
-        case diff.action
-        when "-"
-          say "- #{diff.old_element.chomp}", :red, true
-        when "+"
-          say "+ #{diff.new_element.chomp}", :green, true
-        when "!"
-          say "- #{diff.old_element.chomp}", :red, true
-          say "+ #{diff.new_element.chomp}", :green, true
-        else
-          say "  #{diff.old_element.chomp}", nil, true
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Check if Diff::LCS is loaded. If it is, use it to create pretty output
-      # for diff.
-      #
-      def diff_lcs_loaded? #:nodoc:
-        return true if defined?(Diff::LCS)
-        return @diff_lcs_loaded unless @diff_lcs_loaded.nil?
-
-        @diff_lcs_loaded = begin
-          require "diff/lcs"
-          true
-        rescue LoadError
-          false
-        end
+        !ENV["NO_COLOR"].nil? && !ENV["NO_COLOR"].empty?
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/column_printer.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/column_printer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56a9e6181b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/column_printer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+require_relative "terminal"
+
+class Bundler::Thor
+  module Shell
+    class ColumnPrinter
+      attr_reader :stdout, :options
+
+      def initialize(stdout, options = {})
+        @stdout = stdout
+        @options = options
+        @indent = options[:indent].to_i
+      end
+
+      def print(array)
+        return if array.empty?
+        colwidth = (array.map { |el| el.to_s.size }.max || 0) + 2
+        array.each_with_index do |value, index|
+          # Don't output trailing spaces when printing the last column
+          if ((((index + 1) % (Terminal.terminal_width / colwidth))).zero? && !index.zero?) || index + 1 == array.length
+            stdout.puts value
+          else
+            stdout.printf("%-#{colwidth}s", value)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/html.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/html.rb
index 77a6d13a23..0277b882b7 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/html.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/html.rb
@@ -76,51 +76,6 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       def can_display_colors?
         true
       end
-
-      # Overwrite show_diff to show diff with colors if Diff::LCS is
-      # available.
-      #
-      def show_diff(destination, content) #:nodoc:
-        if diff_lcs_loaded? && ENV["THOR_DIFF"].nil? && ENV["RAILS_DIFF"].nil?
-          actual  = File.binread(destination).to_s.split("\n")
-          content = content.to_s.split("\n")
-
-          Diff::LCS.sdiff(actual, content).each do |diff|
-            output_diff_line(diff)
-          end
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-
-      def output_diff_line(diff) #:nodoc:
-        case diff.action
-        when "-"
-          say "- #{diff.old_element.chomp}", :red, true
-        when "+"
-          say "+ #{diff.new_element.chomp}", :green, true
-        when "!"
-          say "- #{diff.old_element.chomp}", :red, true
-          say "+ #{diff.new_element.chomp}", :green, true
-        else
-          say "  #{diff.old_element.chomp}", nil, true
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Check if Diff::LCS is loaded. If it is, use it to create pretty output
-      # for diff.
-      #
-      def diff_lcs_loaded? #:nodoc:
-        return true if defined?(Diff::LCS)
-        return @diff_lcs_loaded unless @diff_lcs_loaded.nil?
-
-        @diff_lcs_loaded = begin
-          require "diff/lcs"
-          true
-        rescue LoadError
-          false
-        end
-      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/table_printer.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/table_printer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..525f9ce5bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/table_printer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+require_relative "column_printer"
+require_relative "terminal"
+
+class Bundler::Thor
+  module Shell
+    class TablePrinter < ColumnPrinter
+      BORDER_SEPARATOR = :separator
+
+      def initialize(stdout, options = {})
+        super
+        @formats = []
+        @maximas = []
+        @colwidth = options[:colwidth]
+        @truncate = options[:truncate] == true ? Terminal.terminal_width : options[:truncate]
+        @padding = 1
+      end
+
+      def print(array)
+        return if array.empty?
+
+        prepare(array)
+
+        print_border_separator if options[:borders]
+
+        array.each do |row|
+          if options[:borders] && row == BORDER_SEPARATOR
+            print_border_separator
+            next
+          end
+
+          sentence = "".dup
+
+          row.each_with_index do |column, index|
+            sentence << format_cell(column, row.size, index)
+          end
+
+          sentence = truncate(sentence)
+          sentence << "|" if options[:borders]
+          stdout.puts indentation + sentence
+
+        end
+        print_border_separator if options[:borders]
+      end
+
+    private
+
+      def prepare(array)
+        array = array.reject{|row| row == BORDER_SEPARATOR }
+
+        @formats << "%-#{@colwidth + 2}s".dup if @colwidth
+        start = @colwidth ? 1 : 0
+
+        colcount = array.max { |a, b| a.size <=> b.size }.size
+
+        start.upto(colcount - 1) do |index|
+          maxima = array.map { |row| row[index] ? row[index].to_s.size : 0 }.max
+
+          @maximas << maxima
+          @formats << if options[:borders]
+             "%-#{maxima}s".dup
+          elsif index == colcount - 1
+            # Don't output 2 trailing spaces when printing the last column
+            "%-s".dup
+          else
+            "%-#{maxima + 2}s".dup
+          end
+        end
+
+        @formats << "%s"
+      end
+
+      def format_cell(column, row_size, index)
+        maxima = @maximas[index]
+
+        f = if column.is_a?(Numeric)
+          if options[:borders]
+            # With borders we handle padding separately
+            "%#{maxima}s"
+          elsif index == row_size - 1
+            # Don't output 2 trailing spaces when printing the last column
+            "%#{maxima}s"
+          else
+            "%#{maxima}s  "
+          end
+        else
+          @formats[index]
+        end
+
+        cell = "".dup
+        cell << "|" + " " * @padding if options[:borders]
+        cell << f % column.to_s
+        cell << " " * @padding if options[:borders]
+        cell
+      end
+
+      def print_border_separator
+        separator = @maximas.map do |maxima|
+          "+" + "-" * (maxima + 2 * @padding)
+        end
+        stdout.puts indentation + separator.join + "+"
+      end
+
+      def truncate(string)
+        return string unless @truncate
+        as_unicode do
+          chars = string.chars.to_a
+          if chars.length <= @truncate
+            chars.join
+          else
+            chars[0, @truncate - 3 - @indent].join + "..."
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def indentation
+        " " * @indent
+      end
+
+      if "".respond_to?(:encode)
+        def as_unicode
+          yield
+        end
+      else
+        def as_unicode
+          old = $KCODE # rubocop:disable Style/GlobalVars
+          $KCODE = "U" # rubocop:disable Style/GlobalVars
+          yield
+        ensure
+          $KCODE = old # rubocop:disable Style/GlobalVars
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/terminal.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/terminal.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c60684308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/terminal.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+class Bundler::Thor
+  module Shell
+    module Terminal
+      DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH = 80
+
+      class << self
+        # This code was copied from Rake, available under MIT-LICENSE
+        # Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Jim Weirich
+        def terminal_width
+          result = if ENV["THOR_COLUMNS"]
+            ENV["THOR_COLUMNS"].to_i
+          else
+            unix? ? dynamic_width : DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH
+          end
+          result < 10 ? DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH : result
+        rescue
+          DEFAULT_TERMINAL_WIDTH
+        end
+
+        def unix?
+          RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(aix|darwin|linux|(net|free|open)bsd|cygwin|solaris)/i
+        end
+
+      private
+
+        # Calculate the dynamic width of the terminal
+        def dynamic_width
+          @dynamic_width ||= (dynamic_width_stty.nonzero? || dynamic_width_tput)
+        end
+
+        def dynamic_width_stty
+          `stty size 2>/dev/null`.split[1].to_i
+        end
+
+        def dynamic_width_tput
+          `tput cols 2>/dev/null`.to_i
+        end
+
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/wrapped_printer.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/wrapped_printer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba88e952db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/wrapped_printer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+require_relative "column_printer"
+require_relative "terminal"
+
+class Bundler::Thor
+  module Shell
+    class WrappedPrinter < ColumnPrinter
+      def print(message)
+        width = Terminal.terminal_width - @indent
+        paras = message.split("\n\n")
+
+        paras.map! do |unwrapped|
+          words = unwrapped.split(" ")
+          counter = words.first.length
+          words.inject do |memo, word|
+            word = word.gsub(/\n\005/, "\n").gsub(/\005/, "\n")
+            counter = 0 if word.include? "\n"
+            if (counter + word.length + 1) < width
+              memo = "#{memo} #{word}"
+              counter += (word.length + 1)
+            else
+              memo = "#{memo}\n#{word}"
+              counter = word.length
+            end
+            memo
+          end
+        end.compact!
+
+        paras.each do |para|
+          para.split("\n").each do |line|
+            stdout.puts line.insert(0, " " * @indent)
+          end
+          stdout.puts unless para == paras.last
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/util.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/util.rb
index d2572a4249..68916daf2e 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/util.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/util.rb
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       def snake_case(str)
         return str.downcase if str =~ /^[A-Z_]+$/
         str.gsub(/\B[A-Z]/, '_\&').squeeze("_") =~ /_*(.*)/
-        $+.downcase
+        Regexp.last_match(-1).downcase
       end
 
       # Receives a string and convert it to camel case. camel_case returns CamelCase.
@@ -130,9 +130,10 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       #
       def find_class_and_command_by_namespace(namespace, fallback = true)
         if namespace.include?(":") # look for a namespaced command
-          pieces  = namespace.split(":")
-          command = pieces.pop
-          klass   = Bundler::Thor::Util.find_by_namespace(pieces.join(":"))
+          *pieces, command  = namespace.split(":")
+          namespace = pieces.join(":")
+          namespace = "default" if namespace.empty?
+          klass = Bundler::Thor::Base.subclasses.detect { |thor| thor.namespace == namespace && thor.commands.keys.include?(command) }
         end
         unless klass # look for a Bundler::Thor::Group with the right name
           klass = Bundler::Thor::Util.find_by_namespace(namespace)
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # inside the sandbox to avoid namespacing conflicts.
       #
       def load_thorfile(path, content = nil, debug = false)
-        content ||= File.binread(path)
+        content ||= File.read(path)
 
         begin
           Bundler::Thor::Sandbox.class_eval(content, path)
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
       # Returns the root where thor files are located, depending on the OS.
       #
       def thor_root
-        File.join(user_home, ".thor").tr('\\', "/")
+        File.join(user_home, ".thor").tr("\\", "/")
       end
 
       # Returns the files in the thor root. On Windows thor_root will be something
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ class Bundler::Thor
                 # symlink points to 'ruby_install_name'
                 ruby = alternate_ruby if linked_ruby == ruby_name || linked_ruby == ruby
               end
-            rescue NotImplementedError # rubocop:disable HandleExceptions
+            rescue NotImplementedError # rubocop:disable Lint/HandleExceptions
               # just ignore on windows
             end
           end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/version.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/version.rb
index 48a4788b3b..1fb00017ed 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/version.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 class Bundler::Thor
-  VERSION = "1.2.1"
+  VERSION = "1.3.0"
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/tmpdir/lib/tmpdir.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/tmpdir/lib/tmpdir.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 70d43e0c6b..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/tmpdir/lib/tmpdir.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-#
-# tmpdir - retrieve temporary directory path
-#
-# $Id$
-#
-
-require_relative '../../fileutils/lib/fileutils'
-begin
-  require 'etc.so'
-rescue LoadError # rescue LoadError for miniruby
-end
-
-class Bundler::Dir < Dir
-
-  @systmpdir ||= defined?(Etc.systmpdir) ? Etc.systmpdir : '/tmp'
-
-  ##
-  # Returns the operating system's temporary file path.
-
-  def self.tmpdir
-    tmp = nil
-    ['TMPDIR', 'TMP', 'TEMP', ['system temporary path', @systmpdir], ['/tmp']*2, ['.']*2].each do |name, dir = ENV[name]|
-      next if !dir
-      dir = File.expand_path(dir)
-      stat = File.stat(dir) rescue next
-      case
-      when !stat.directory?
-        warn "#{name} is not a directory: #{dir}"
-      when !stat.writable?
-        warn "#{name} is not writable: #{dir}"
-      when stat.world_writable? && !stat.sticky?
-        warn "#{name} is world-writable: #{dir}"
-      else
-        tmp = dir
-        break
-      end
-    end
-    raise ArgumentError, "could not find a temporary directory" unless tmp
-    tmp
-  end
-
-  # Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir creates a temporary directory.
-  #
-  # The directory is created with 0700 permission.
-  # Application should not change the permission to make the temporary directory accessible from other users.
-  #
-  # The prefix and suffix of the name of the directory is specified by
-  # the optional first argument, <i>prefix_suffix</i>.
-  # - If it is not specified or nil, "d" is used as the prefix and no suffix is used.
-  # - If it is a string, it is used as the prefix and no suffix is used.
-  # - If it is an array, first element is used as the prefix and second element is used as a suffix.
-  #
-  #  Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir {|dir| dir is ".../d..." }
-  #  Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir("foo") {|dir| dir is ".../foo..." }
-  #  Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir(["foo", "bar"]) {|dir| dir is ".../foo...bar" }
-  #
-  # The directory is created under Bundler::Dir.tmpdir or
-  # the optional second argument <i>tmpdir</i> if non-nil value is given.
-  #
-  #  Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir {|dir| dir is "#{Bundler::Dir.tmpdir}/d..." }
-  #  Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir(nil, "/var/tmp") {|dir| dir is "/var/tmp/d..." }
-  #
-  # If a block is given,
-  # it is yielded with the path of the directory.
-  # The directory and its contents are removed
-  # using Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry before Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir returns.
-  # The value of the block is returned.
-  #
-  #  Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir {|dir|
-  #    # use the directory...
-  #    open("#{dir}/foo", "w") { ... }
-  #  }
-  #
-  # If a block is not given,
-  # The path of the directory is returned.
-  # In this case, Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir doesn't remove the directory.
-  #
-  #  dir = Bundler::Dir.mktmpdir
-  #  begin
-  #    # use the directory...
-  #    open("#{dir}/foo", "w") { ... }
-  #  ensure
-  #    # remove the directory.
-  #    Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry dir
-  #  end
-  #
-  def self.mktmpdir(prefix_suffix=nil, *rest, **options)
-    base = nil
-    path = Tmpname.create(prefix_suffix || "d", *rest, **options) {|p, _, _, d|
-      base = d
-      mkdir(p, 0700)
-    }
-    if block_given?
-      begin
-        yield path.dup
-      ensure
-        unless base
-          stat = File.stat(File.dirname(path))
-          if stat.world_writable? and !stat.sticky?
-            raise ArgumentError, "parent directory is world writable but not sticky"
-          end
-        end
-        Bundler::FileUtils.remove_entry path
-      end
-    else
-      path
-    end
-  end
-
-  module Tmpname # :nodoc:
-    module_function
-
-    def tmpdir
-      Bundler::Dir.tmpdir
-    end
-
-    UNUSABLE_CHARS = "^,-.0-9A-Z_a-z~"
-
-    class << (RANDOM = Random.new)
-      MAX = 36**6 # < 0x100000000
-      def next
-        rand(MAX).to_s(36)
-      end
-    end
-    private_constant :RANDOM
-
-    def create(basename, tmpdir=nil, max_try: nil, **opts)
-      origdir = tmpdir
-      tmpdir ||= tmpdir()
-      n = nil
-      prefix, suffix = basename
-      prefix = (String.try_convert(prefix) or
-                raise ArgumentError, "unexpected prefix: #{prefix.inspect}")
-      prefix = prefix.delete(UNUSABLE_CHARS)
-      suffix &&= (String.try_convert(suffix) or
-                  raise ArgumentError, "unexpected suffix: #{suffix.inspect}")
-      suffix &&= suffix.delete(UNUSABLE_CHARS)
-      begin
-        t = Time.now.strftime("%Y%m%d")
-        path = "#{prefix}#{t}-#{$$}-#{RANDOM.next}"\
-               "#{n ? %[-#{n}] : ''}#{suffix||''}"
-        path = File.join(tmpdir, path)
-        yield(path, n, opts, origdir)
-      rescue Errno::EEXIST
-        n ||= 0
-        n += 1
-        retry if !max_try or n < max_try
-        raise "cannot generate temporary name using `#{basename}' under `#{tmpdir}'"
-      end
-      path
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort.rb
index 4a0e1a4e25..cf8731f760 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort.rb
@@ -122,6 +122,9 @@
 #
 
 module Bundler::TSort
+
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
+
   class Cyclic < StandardError
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/.document b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri.rb
index 0e574dd2b1..976320f6bd 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri.rb
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #     class RSYNC < Generic
 #       DEFAULT_PORT = 873
 #     end
-#     @@schemes['RSYNC'] = RSYNC
+#     register_scheme 'RSYNC', RSYNC
 #   end
 #   #=> Bundler::URI::RSYNC
 #
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@
 # - Bundler::URI::REGEXP - (in uri/common.rb)
 #   - Bundler::URI::REGEXP::PATTERN - (in uri/common.rb)
 # - Bundler::URI::Util - (in uri/common.rb)
-# - Bundler::URI::Escape - (in uri/common.rb)
 # - Bundler::URI::Error - (in uri/common.rb)
 #   - Bundler::URI::InvalidURIError - (in uri/common.rb)
 #   - Bundler::URI::InvalidComponentError - (in uri/common.rb)
@@ -101,3 +100,5 @@ require_relative 'uri/https'
 require_relative 'uri/ldap'
 require_relative 'uri/ldaps'
 require_relative 'uri/mailto'
+require_relative 'uri/ws'
+require_relative 'uri/wss'
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb
index 6539e1810f..93f4f226ad 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb
@@ -13,9 +13,12 @@ require_relative "rfc2396_parser"
 require_relative "rfc3986_parser"
 
 module Bundler::URI
+  include RFC2396_REGEXP
+
   REGEXP = RFC2396_REGEXP
   Parser = RFC2396_Parser
   RFC3986_PARSER = RFC3986_Parser.new
+  Ractor.make_shareable(RFC3986_PARSER) if defined?(Ractor)
 
   # Bundler::URI::Parser.new
   DEFAULT_PARSER = Parser.new
@@ -27,6 +30,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
   DEFAULT_PARSER.regexp.each_pair do |sym, str|
     const_set(sym, str)
   end
+  Ractor.make_shareable(DEFAULT_PARSER) if defined?(Ractor)
 
   module Util # :nodoc:
     def make_components_hash(klass, array_hash)
@@ -60,24 +64,70 @@ module Bundler::URI
     module_function :make_components_hash
   end
 
-  include REGEXP
+  module Schemes
+  end
+  private_constant :Schemes
+
+  # Registers the given +klass+ as the class to be instantiated
+  # when parsing a \Bundler::URI with the given +scheme+:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.register_scheme('MS_SEARCH', Bundler::URI::Generic) # => Bundler::URI::Generic
+  #   Bundler::URI.scheme_list['MS_SEARCH']                   # => Bundler::URI::Generic
+  #
+  # Note that after calling String#upcase on +scheme+, it must be a valid
+  # constant name.
+  def self.register_scheme(scheme, klass)
+    Schemes.const_set(scheme.to_s.upcase, klass)
+  end
 
-  @@schemes = {}
-  # Returns a Hash of the defined schemes.
+  # Returns a hash of the defined schemes:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.scheme_list
+  #   # =>
+  #   {"MAILTO"=>Bundler::URI::MailTo,
+  #    "LDAPS"=>Bundler::URI::LDAPS,
+  #    "WS"=>Bundler::URI::WS,
+  #    "HTTP"=>Bundler::URI::HTTP,
+  #    "HTTPS"=>Bundler::URI::HTTPS,
+  #    "LDAP"=>Bundler::URI::LDAP,
+  #    "FILE"=>Bundler::URI::File,
+  #    "FTP"=>Bundler::URI::FTP}
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::URI.register_scheme.
   def self.scheme_list
-    @@schemes
+    Schemes.constants.map { |name|
+      [name.to_s.upcase, Schemes.const_get(name)]
+    }.to_h
   end
 
+  INITIAL_SCHEMES = scheme_list
+  private_constant :INITIAL_SCHEMES
+  Ractor.make_shareable(INITIAL_SCHEMES) if defined?(Ractor)
+
+  # Returns a new object constructed from the given +scheme+, +arguments+,
+  # and +default+:
+  #
+  # - The new object is an instance of <tt>Bundler::URI.scheme_list[scheme.upcase]</tt>.
+  # - The object is initialized by calling the class initializer
+  #   using +scheme+ and +arguments+.
+  #   See Bundler::URI::Generic.new.
   #
-  # Construct a Bundler::URI instance, using the scheme to detect the appropriate class
-  # from +Bundler::URI.scheme_list+.
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   values = ['john.doe', 'www.example.com', '123', nil, '/forum/questions/', nil, 'tag=networking&order=newest', 'top']
+  #   Bundler::URI.for('https', *values)
+  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTPS https://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top>
+  #   Bundler::URI.for('foo', *values, default: Bundler::URI::HTTP)
+  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP foo://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top>
   #
   def self.for(scheme, *arguments, default: Generic)
-    if scheme
-      uri_class = @@schemes[scheme.upcase] || default
-    else
-      uri_class = default
+    const_name = scheme.to_s.upcase
+
+    uri_class = INITIAL_SCHEMES[const_name]
+    uri_class ||= if /\A[A-Z]\w*\z/.match?(const_name) && Schemes.const_defined?(const_name, false)
+      Schemes.const_get(const_name, false)
     end
+    uri_class ||= default
 
     return uri_class.new(scheme, *arguments)
   end
@@ -99,95 +149,49 @@ module Bundler::URI
   #
   class BadURIError < Error; end
 
-  #
-  # == Synopsis
-  #
-  #   Bundler::URI::split(uri)
-  #
-  # == Args
-  #
-  # +uri+::
-  #   String with Bundler::URI.
-  #
-  # == Description
-  #
-  # Splits the string on following parts and returns array with result:
-  #
-  # * Scheme
-  # * Userinfo
-  # * Host
-  # * Port
-  # * Registry
-  # * Path
-  # * Opaque
-  # * Query
-  # * Fragment
-  #
-  # == Usage
-  #
-  #   require 'bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri'
-  #
-  #   Bundler::URI.split("http://www.ruby-lang.org/")
-  #   # => ["http", nil, "www.ruby-lang.org", nil, nil, "/", nil, nil, nil]
+  # Returns a 9-element array representing the parts of the \Bundler::URI
+  # formed from the string +uri+;
+  # each array element is a string or +nil+:
+  #
+  #   names = %w[scheme userinfo host port registry path opaque query fragment]
+  #   values = Bundler::URI.split('https://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top')
+  #   names.zip(values)
+  #   # =>
+  #   [["scheme", "https"],
+  #    ["userinfo", "john.doe"],
+  #    ["host", "www.example.com"],
+  #    ["port", "123"],
+  #    ["registry", nil],
+  #    ["path", "/forum/questions/"],
+  #    ["opaque", nil],
+  #    ["query", "tag=networking&order=newest"],
+  #    ["fragment", "top"]]
   #
   def self.split(uri)
     RFC3986_PARSER.split(uri)
   end
 
+  # Returns a new \Bundler::URI object constructed from the given string +uri+:
   #
-  # == Synopsis
-  #
-  #   Bundler::URI::parse(uri_str)
-  #
-  # == Args
-  #
-  # +uri_str+::
-  #   String with Bundler::URI.
-  #
-  # == Description
-  #
-  # Creates one of the Bundler::URI's subclasses instance from the string.
+  #   Bundler::URI.parse('https://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top')
+  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTPS https://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top>
+  #   Bundler::URI.parse('http://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top')
+  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://john.doe@www.example.com:123/forum/questions/?tag=networking&order=newest#top>
   #
-  # == Raises
-  #
-  # Bundler::URI::InvalidURIError::
-  #   Raised if Bundler::URI given is not a correct one.
-  #
-  # == Usage
-  #
-  #   require 'bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri'
-  #
-  #   uri = Bundler::URI.parse("http://www.ruby-lang.org/")
-  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://www.ruby-lang.org/>
-  #   uri.scheme
-  #   # => "http"
-  #   uri.host
-  #   # => "www.ruby-lang.org"
-  #
-  # It's recommended to first ::escape the provided +uri_str+ if there are any
-  # invalid Bundler::URI characters.
+  # It's recommended to first ::escape string +uri+
+  # if it may contain invalid Bundler::URI characters.
   #
   def self.parse(uri)
     RFC3986_PARSER.parse(uri)
   end
 
+  # Merges the given Bundler::URI strings +str+
+  # per {RFC 2396}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2396.html].
   #
-  # == Synopsis
-  #
-  #   Bundler::URI::join(str[, str, ...])
-  #
-  # == Args
-  #
-  # +str+::
-  #   String(s) to work with, will be converted to RFC3986 URIs before merging.
-  #
-  # == Description
-  #
-  # Joins URIs.
-  #
-  # == Usage
+  # Each string in +str+ is converted to an
+  # {RFC3986 Bundler::URI}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986.html] before being merged.
   #
-  #   require 'bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri'
+  # Examples:
   #
   #   Bundler::URI.join("http://example.com/","main.rbx")
   #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://example.com/main.rbx>
@@ -232,7 +236,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
   #   Bundler::URI.extract("text here http://foo.example.org/bla and here mailto:test@example.com and here also.")
   #   # => ["http://foo.example.com/bla", "mailto:test@example.com"]
   #
-  def self.extract(str, schemes = nil, &block)
+  def self.extract(str, schemes = nil, &block) # :nodoc:
     warn "Bundler::URI.extract is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
     DEFAULT_PARSER.extract(str, schemes, &block)
   end
@@ -269,7 +273,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
   #     p $&
   #   end
   #
-  def self.regexp(schemes = nil)
+  def self.regexp(schemes = nil)# :nodoc:
     warn "Bundler::URI.regexp is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
     DEFAULT_PARSER.make_regexp(schemes)
   end
@@ -278,6 +282,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
   256.times do |i|
     TBLENCWWWCOMP_[-i.chr] = -('%%%02X' % i)
   end
+  TBLENCURICOMP_ = TBLENCWWWCOMP_.dup.freeze
   TBLENCWWWCOMP_[' '] = '+'
   TBLENCWWWCOMP_.freeze
   TBLDECWWWCOMP_ = {} # :nodoc:
@@ -291,18 +296,91 @@ module Bundler::URI
   TBLDECWWWCOMP_['+'] = ' '
   TBLDECWWWCOMP_.freeze
 
-  # Encodes given +str+ to URL-encoded form data.
+  # Returns a URL-encoded string derived from the given string +str+.
+  #
+  # The returned string:
+  #
+  # - Preserves:
+  #
+  #   - Characters <tt>'*'</tt>, <tt>'.'</tt>, <tt>'-'</tt>, and <tt>'_'</tt>.
+  #   - Character in ranges <tt>'a'..'z'</tt>, <tt>'A'..'Z'</tt>,
+  #     and <tt>'0'..'9'</tt>.
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component('*.-_azAZ09')
+  #     # => "*.-_azAZ09"
+  #
+  # - Converts:
+  #
+  #   - Character <tt>' '</tt> to character <tt>'+'</tt>.
+  #   - Any other character to "percent notation";
+  #     the percent notation for character <i>c</i> is <tt>'%%%X' % c.ord</tt>.
   #
-  # This method doesn't convert *, -, ., 0-9, A-Z, _, a-z, but does convert SP
-  # (ASCII space) to + and converts others to %XX.
+  #   Example:
   #
-  # If +enc+ is given, convert +str+ to the encoding before percent encoding.
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component('Here are some punctuation characters: ,;?:')
+  #     # => "Here+are+some+punctuation+characters%3A+%2C%3B%3F%3A"
   #
-  # This is an implementation of
-  # https://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-html5-20130806/forms.html#url-encoded-form-data.
+  # Encoding:
   #
-  # See Bundler::URI.decode_www_form_component, Bundler::URI.encode_www_form.
+  # - If +str+ has encoding Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, argument +enc+ is ignored.
+  # - Otherwise +str+ is converted first to Encoding::UTF_8
+  #   (with suitable character replacements),
+  #   and then to encoding +enc+.
+  #
+  # In either case, the returned string has forced encoding Encoding::US_ASCII.
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::URI.encode_uri_component (encodes <tt>' '</tt> as <tt>'%20'</tt>).
   def self.encode_www_form_component(str, enc=nil)
+    _encode_uri_component(/[^*\-.0-9A-Z_a-z]/, TBLENCWWWCOMP_, str, enc)
+  end
+
+  # Returns a string decoded from the given \URL-encoded string +str+.
+  #
+  # The given string is first encoded as Encoding::ASCII-8BIT (using String#b),
+  # then decoded (as below), and finally force-encoded to the given encoding +enc+.
+  #
+  # The returned string:
+  #
+  # - Preserves:
+  #
+  #   - Characters <tt>'*'</tt>, <tt>'.'</tt>, <tt>'-'</tt>, and <tt>'_'</tt>.
+  #   - Character in ranges <tt>'a'..'z'</tt>, <tt>'A'..'Z'</tt>,
+  #     and <tt>'0'..'9'</tt>.
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.decode_www_form_component('*.-_azAZ09')
+  #     # => "*.-_azAZ09"
+  #
+  # - Converts:
+  #
+  #   - Character <tt>'+'</tt> to character <tt>' '</tt>.
+  #   - Each "percent notation" to an ASCII character.
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.decode_www_form_component('Here+are+some+punctuation+characters%3A+%2C%3B%3F%3A')
+  #     # => "Here are some punctuation characters: ,;?:"
+  #
+  # Related: Bundler::URI.decode_uri_component (preserves <tt>'+'</tt>).
+  def self.decode_www_form_component(str, enc=Encoding::UTF_8)
+    _decode_uri_component(/\+|%\h\h/, str, enc)
+  end
+
+  # Like Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component, except that <tt>' '</tt> (space)
+  # is encoded as <tt>'%20'</tt> (instead of <tt>'+'</tt>).
+  def self.encode_uri_component(str, enc=nil)
+    _encode_uri_component(/[^*\-.0-9A-Z_a-z]/, TBLENCURICOMP_, str, enc)
+  end
+
+  # Like Bundler::URI.decode_www_form_component, except that <tt>'+'</tt> is preserved.
+  def self.decode_uri_component(str, enc=Encoding::UTF_8)
+    _decode_uri_component(/%\h\h/, str, enc)
+  end
+
+  def self._encode_uri_component(regexp, table, str, enc)
     str = str.to_s.dup
     if str.encoding != Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
       if enc && enc != Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
@@ -311,47 +389,115 @@ module Bundler::URI
       end
       str.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
     end
-    str.gsub!(/[^*\-.0-9A-Z_a-z]/, TBLENCWWWCOMP_)
+    str.gsub!(regexp, table)
     str.force_encoding(Encoding::US_ASCII)
   end
+  private_class_method :_encode_uri_component
 
-  # Decodes given +str+ of URL-encoded form data.
-  #
-  # This decodes + to SP.
-  #
-  # See Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component, Bundler::URI.decode_www_form.
-  def self.decode_www_form_component(str, enc=Encoding::UTF_8)
-    raise ArgumentError, "invalid %-encoding (#{str})" if /%(?!\h\h)/ =~ str
-    str.b.gsub(/\+|%\h\h/, TBLDECWWWCOMP_).force_encoding(enc)
+  def self._decode_uri_component(regexp, str, enc)
+    raise ArgumentError, "invalid %-encoding (#{str})" if /%(?!\h\h)/.match?(str)
+    str.b.gsub(regexp, TBLDECWWWCOMP_).force_encoding(enc)
   end
+  private_class_method :_decode_uri_component
 
-  # Generates URL-encoded form data from given +enum+.
+  # Returns a URL-encoded string derived from the given
+  # {Enumerable}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Enumerable+in+Ruby+Classes]
+  # +enum+.
+  #
+  # The result is suitable for use as form data
+  # for an \HTTP request whose <tt>Content-Type</tt> is
+  # <tt>'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'</tt>.
+  #
+  # The returned string consists of the elements of +enum+,
+  # each converted to one or more URL-encoded strings,
+  # and all joined with character <tt>'&'</tt>.
+  #
+  # Simple examples:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([['foo', 0], ['bar', 1], ['baz', 2]])
+  #   # => "foo=0&bar=1&baz=2"
+  #   Bundler::URI.encode_www_form({foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2})
+  #   # => "foo=0&bar=1&baz=2"
+  #
+  # The returned string is formed using method Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component,
+  # which converts certain characters:
   #
-  # This generates application/x-www-form-urlencoded data defined in HTML5
-  # from given an Enumerable object.
+  #   Bundler::URI.encode_www_form('f#o': '/', 'b-r': '$', 'b z': '@')
+  #   # => "f%23o=%2F&b-r=%24&b+z=%40"
   #
-  # This internally uses Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(str).
+  # When +enum+ is Array-like, each element +ele+ is converted to a field:
   #
-  # This method doesn't convert the encoding of given items, so convert them
-  # before calling this method if you want to send data as other than original
-  # encoding or mixed encoding data. (Strings which are encoded in an HTML5
-  # ASCII incompatible encoding are converted to UTF-8.)
+  # - If +ele+ is an array of two or more elements,
+  #   the field is formed from its first two elements
+  #   (and any additional elements are ignored):
   #
-  # This method doesn't handle files.  When you send a file, use
-  # multipart/form-data.
+  #     name = Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(ele[0], enc)
+  #     value = Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(ele[1], enc)
+  #     "#{name}=#{value}"
   #
-  # This refers https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-urlencoded-serializer
+  #   Examples:
   #
-  #    Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])
-  #    #=> "q=ruby&lang=en"
-  #    Bundler::URI.encode_www_form("q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en")
-  #    #=> "q=ruby&lang=en"
-  #    Bundler::URI.encode_www_form("q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en")
-  #    #=> "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
-  #    Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([["q", "ruby"], ["q", "perl"], ["lang", "en"]])
-  #    #=> "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([%w[foo bar], %w[baz bat bah]])
+  #     # => "foo=bar&baz=bat"
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([['foo', 0], ['bar', :baz, 'bat']])
+  #     # => "foo=0&bar=baz"
+  #
+  # - If +ele+ is an array of one element,
+  #   the field is formed from <tt>ele[0]</tt>:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(ele[0])
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([['foo'], [:bar], [0]])
+  #     # => "foo&bar&0"
+  #
+  # - Otherwise the field is formed from +ele+:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(ele)
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form(['foo', :bar, 0])
+  #     # => "foo&bar&0"
+  #
+  # The elements of an Array-like +enum+ may be mixture:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.encode_www_form([['foo', 0], ['bar', 1, 2], ['baz'], :bat])
+  #   # => "foo=0&bar=1&baz&bat"
+  #
+  # When +enum+ is Hash-like,
+  # each +key+/+value+ pair is converted to one or more fields:
+  #
+  # - If +value+ is
+  #   {Array-convertible}[rdoc-ref:implicit_conversion.rdoc@Array-Convertible+Objects],
+  #   each element +ele+ in +value+ is paired with +key+ to form a field:
+  #
+  #     name = Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(key, enc)
+  #     value = Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(ele, enc)
+  #     "#{name}=#{value}"
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form({foo: [:bar, 1], baz: [:bat, :bam, 2]})
+  #     # => "foo=bar&foo=1&baz=bat&baz=bam&baz=2"
+  #
+  # - Otherwise, +key+ and +value+ are paired to form a field:
+  #
+  #     name = Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(key, enc)
+  #     value = Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component(value, enc)
+  #     "#{name}=#{value}"
+  #
+  #   Example:
+  #
+  #     Bundler::URI.encode_www_form({foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2})
+  #     # => "foo=0&bar=1&baz=2"
+  #
+  # The elements of a Hash-like +enum+ may be mixture:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.encode_www_form({foo: [0, 1], bar: 2})
+  #   # => "foo=0&foo=1&bar=2"
   #
-  # See Bundler::URI.encode_www_form_component, Bundler::URI.decode_www_form.
   def self.encode_www_form(enum, enc=nil)
     enum.map do |k,v|
       if v.nil?
@@ -372,22 +518,39 @@ module Bundler::URI
     end.join('&')
   end
 
-  # Decodes URL-encoded form data from given +str+.
+  # Returns name/value pairs derived from the given string +str+,
+  # which must be an ASCII string.
+  #
+  # The method may be used to decode the body of Net::HTTPResponse object +res+
+  # for which <tt>res['Content-Type']</tt> is <tt>'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'</tt>.
   #
-  # This decodes application/x-www-form-urlencoded data
-  # and returns an array of key-value arrays.
+  # The returned data is an array of 2-element subarrays;
+  # each subarray is a name/value pair (both are strings).
+  # Each returned string has encoding +enc+,
+  # and has had invalid characters removed via
+  # {String#scrub}[rdoc-ref:String#scrub].
   #
-  # This refers http://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-urlencoded-parser,
-  # so this supports only &-separator, and doesn't support ;-separator.
+  # A simple example:
   #
-  #    ary = Bundler::URI.decode_www_form("a=1&a=2&b=3")
-  #    ary                   #=> [['a', '1'], ['a', '2'], ['b', '3']]
-  #    ary.assoc('a').last   #=> '1'
-  #    ary.assoc('b').last   #=> '3'
-  #    ary.rassoc('a').last  #=> '2'
-  #    Hash[ary]             #=> {"a"=>"2", "b"=>"3"}
+  #   Bundler::URI.decode_www_form('foo=0&bar=1&baz')
+  #   # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", ""]]
+  #
+  # The returned strings have certain conversions,
+  # similar to those performed in Bundler::URI.decode_www_form_component:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.decode_www_form('f%23o=%2F&b-r=%24&b+z=%40')
+  #   # => [["f#o", "/"], ["b-r", "$"], ["b z", "@"]]
+  #
+  # The given string may contain consecutive separators:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.decode_www_form('foo=0&&bar=1&&baz=2')
+  #   # => [["foo", "0"], ["", ""], ["bar", "1"], ["", ""], ["baz", "2"]]
+  #
+  # A different separator may be specified:
+  #
+  #   Bundler::URI.decode_www_form('foo=0--bar=1--baz', separator: '--')
+  #   # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", ""]]
   #
-  # See Bundler::URI.decode_www_form_component, Bundler::URI.encode_www_form.
   def self.decode_www_form(str, enc=Encoding::UTF_8, separator: '&', use__charset_: false, isindex: false)
     raise ArgumentError, "the input of #{self.name}.#{__method__} must be ASCII only string" unless str.ascii_only?
     ary = []
@@ -653,6 +816,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
     "utf-16"=>"utf-16le",
     "utf-16le"=>"utf-16le",
   } # :nodoc:
+  Ractor.make_shareable(WEB_ENCODINGS_) if defined?(Ractor)
 
   # :nodoc:
   # return encoding or nil
@@ -665,7 +829,15 @@ end # module Bundler::URI
 module Bundler
 
   #
-  # Returns +uri+ converted to an Bundler::URI object.
+  # Returns a \Bundler::URI object derived from the given +uri+,
+  # which may be a \Bundler::URI string or an existing \Bundler::URI object:
+  #
+  #   # Returns a new Bundler::URI.
+  #   uri = Bundler::URI('http://github.com/ruby/ruby')
+  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://github.com/ruby/ruby>
+  #   # Returns the given Bundler::URI.
+  #   Bundler::URI(uri)
+  #   # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://github.com/ruby/ruby>
   #
   def URI(uri)
     if uri.is_a?(Bundler::URI::Generic)
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/file.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/file.rb
index df42f8bcdd..8d75a9de7a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/file.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/file.rb
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # If an Array is used, the components must be passed in the
     # order <code>[host, path]</code>.
     #
+    # A path from e.g. the File class should be escaped before
+    # being passed.
+    #
     # Examples:
     #
     #     require 'bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri'
@@ -44,6 +47,9 @@ module Bundler::URI
     #       :path => '/ruby/src'})
     #     uri2.to_s  # => "file://host.example.com/ruby/src"
     #
+    #     uri3 = Bundler::URI::File.build({:path => Bundler::URI::escape('/path/my file.txt')})
+    #     uri3.to_s  # => "file:///path/my%20file.txt"
+    #
     def self.build(args)
       tmp = Util::make_components_hash(self, args)
       super(tmp)
@@ -90,5 +96,5 @@ module Bundler::URI
     end
   end
 
-  @@schemes['FILE'] = File
+  register_scheme 'FILE', File
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ftp.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ftp.rb
index 2252e405d5..48b4c6718d 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ftp.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ftp.rb
@@ -262,5 +262,6 @@ module Bundler::URI
       return str
     end
   end
-  @@schemes['FTP'] = FTP
+
+  register_scheme 'FTP', FTP
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/generic.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/generic.rb
index f29ba6cf18..762c425ac1 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/generic.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/generic.rb
@@ -564,16 +564,26 @@ module Bundler::URI
       end
     end
 
-    # Returns the user component.
+    # Returns the user component (without Bundler::URI decoding).
     def user
       @user
     end
 
-    # Returns the password component.
+    # Returns the password component (without Bundler::URI decoding).
     def password
       @password
     end
 
+    # Returns the user component after Bundler::URI decoding.
+    def decoded_user
+      Bundler::URI.decode_uri_component(@user) if @user
+    end
+
+    # Returns the password component after Bundler::URI decoding.
+    def decoded_password
+      Bundler::URI.decode_uri_component(@password) if @password
+    end
+
     #
     # Checks the host +v+ component for RFC2396 compliance
     # and against the Bundler::URI::Parser Regexp for :HOST.
@@ -643,7 +653,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
     #
     def hostname
       v = self.host
-      /\A\[(.*)\]\z/ =~ v ? $1 : v
+      v&.start_with?('[') && v.end_with?(']') ? v[1..-2] : v
     end
 
     # Sets the host part of the Bundler::URI as the argument with brackets for IPv6 addresses.
@@ -659,7 +669,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # it is wrapped with brackets.
     #
     def hostname=(v)
-      v = "[#{v}]" if /\A\[.*\]\z/ !~ v && /:/ =~ v
+      v = "[#{v}]" if !(v&.start_with?('[') && v&.end_with?(']')) && v&.index(':')
       self.host = v
     end
 
@@ -1366,6 +1376,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
       end
       str
     end
+    alias to_str to_s
 
     #
     # Compares two URIs.
@@ -1514,9 +1525,19 @@ module Bundler::URI
           proxy_uri = env["CGI_#{name.upcase}"]
         end
       elsif name == 'http_proxy'
-        unless proxy_uri = env[name]
-          if proxy_uri = env[name.upcase]
-            warn 'The environment variable HTTP_PROXY is discouraged.  Use http_proxy.', uplevel: 1
+        if RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby' && p_addr = ENV_JAVA['http.proxyHost']
+          p_port = ENV_JAVA['http.proxyPort']
+          if p_user = ENV_JAVA['http.proxyUser']
+            p_pass = ENV_JAVA['http.proxyPass']
+            proxy_uri = "http://#{p_user}:#{p_pass}@#{p_addr}:#{p_port}"
+          else
+            proxy_uri = "http://#{p_addr}:#{p_port}"
+          end
+        else
+          unless proxy_uri = env[name]
+            if proxy_uri = env[name.upcase]
+              warn 'The environment variable HTTP_PROXY is discouraged.  Use http_proxy.', uplevel: 1
+            end
           end
         end
       else
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/http.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/http.rb
index 50d7e427a5..2c44810644 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/http.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/http.rb
@@ -80,8 +80,46 @@ module Bundler::URI
       url = @query ? "#@path?#@query" : @path.dup
       url.start_with?(?/.freeze) ? url : ?/ + url
     end
-  end
 
-  @@schemes['HTTP'] = HTTP
+    #
+    # == Description
+    #
+    # Returns the authority for an HTTP uri, as defined in
+    # https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986/#section-3.2.
+    #
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTP.build(host: 'www.example.com', path: '/foo/bar').authority #=> "www.example.com"
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTP.build(host: 'www.example.com', port: 8000, path: '/foo/bar').authority #=> "www.example.com:8000"
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTP.build(host: 'www.example.com', port: 80, path: '/foo/bar').authority #=> "www.example.com"
+    #
+    def authority
+      if port == default_port
+        host
+      else
+        "#{host}:#{port}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # == Description
+    #
+    # Returns the origin for an HTTP uri, as defined in
+    # https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6454.
+    #
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTP.build(host: 'www.example.com', path: '/foo/bar').origin #=> "http://www.example.com"
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTP.build(host: 'www.example.com', port: 8000, path: '/foo/bar').origin #=> "http://www.example.com:8000"
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTP.build(host: 'www.example.com', port: 80, path: '/foo/bar').origin #=> "http://www.example.com"
+    #     Bundler::URI::HTTPS.build(host: 'www.example.com', path: '/foo/bar').origin #=> "https://www.example.com"
+    #
+    def origin
+      "#{scheme}://#{authority}"
+    end
+  end
 
+  register_scheme 'HTTP', HTTP
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/https.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/https.rb
index 4fd4e9af7b..e4556e3ecb 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/https.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/https.rb
@@ -18,5 +18,6 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # A Default port of 443 for Bundler::URI::HTTPS
     DEFAULT_PORT = 443
   end
-  @@schemes['HTTPS'] = HTTPS
+
+  register_scheme 'HTTPS', HTTPS
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldap.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldap.rb
index 6e9e1918f6..9811b6e2f5 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldap.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldap.rb
@@ -257,5 +257,5 @@ module Bundler::URI
     end
   end
 
-  @@schemes['LDAP'] = LDAP
+  register_scheme 'LDAP', LDAP
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldaps.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldaps.rb
index 0af35bb16b..c786168450 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldaps.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ldaps.rb
@@ -17,5 +17,6 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # A Default port of 636 for Bundler::URI::LDAPS
     DEFAULT_PORT = 636
   end
-  @@schemes['LDAPS'] = LDAPS
+
+  register_scheme 'LDAPS', LDAPS
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/mailto.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/mailto.rb
index ff7ab7e114..ff2e30be86 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/mailto.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/mailto.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
   # RFC6068, the mailto URL scheme.
   #
   class MailTo < Generic
-    include REGEXP
+    include RFC2396_REGEXP
 
     # A Default port of nil for Bundler::URI::MailTo.
     DEFAULT_PORT = nil
@@ -289,5 +289,5 @@ module Bundler::URI
     alias to_rfc822text to_mailtext
   end
 
-  @@schemes['MAILTO'] = MailTo
+  register_scheme 'MAILTO', MailTo
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc2396_parser.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc2396_parser.rb
index e48e164f4c..09c22c9906 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc2396_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc2396_parser.rb
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # See also Bundler::URI::Parser.initialize_regexp.
     attr_reader :regexp
 
-    # Returns a split Bundler::URI against regexp[:ABS_URI].
+    # Returns a split Bundler::URI against +regexp[:ABS_URI]+.
     def split(uri)
       case uri
       when ''
@@ -257,8 +257,8 @@ module Bundler::URI
       end
     end
 
-    # Returns Regexp that is default self.regexp[:ABS_URI_REF],
-    # unless +schemes+ is provided. Then it is a Regexp.union with self.pattern[:X_ABS_URI].
+    # Returns Regexp that is default +self.regexp[:ABS_URI_REF]+,
+    # unless +schemes+ is provided. Then it is a Regexp.union with +self.pattern[:X_ABS_URI]+.
     def make_regexp(schemes = nil)
       unless schemes
         @regexp[:ABS_URI_REF]
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # +str+::
     #    String to make safe
     # +unsafe+::
-    #    Regexp to apply. Defaults to self.regexp[:UNSAFE]
+    #    Regexp to apply. Defaults to +self.regexp[:UNSAFE]+
     #
     # == Description
     #
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # +str+::
     #    String to remove escapes from
     # +escaped+::
-    #    Regexp to apply. Defaults to self.regexp[:ESCAPED]
+    #    Regexp to apply. Defaults to +self.regexp[:ESCAPED]+
     #
     # == Description
     #
@@ -322,8 +322,14 @@ module Bundler::URI
     end
 
     @@to_s = Kernel.instance_method(:to_s)
-    def inspect
-      @@to_s.bind_call(self)
+    if @@to_s.respond_to?(:bind_call)
+      def inspect
+        @@to_s.bind_call(self)
+      end
+    else
+      def inspect
+        @@to_s.bind(self).call
+      end
     end
 
     private
@@ -491,8 +497,8 @@ module Bundler::URI
       ret = {}
 
       # for Bundler::URI::split
-      ret[:ABS_URI] = Regexp.new('\A\s*' + pattern[:X_ABS_URI] + '\s*\z', Regexp::EXTENDED)
-      ret[:REL_URI] = Regexp.new('\A\s*' + pattern[:X_REL_URI] + '\s*\z', Regexp::EXTENDED)
+      ret[:ABS_URI] = Regexp.new('\A\s*+' + pattern[:X_ABS_URI] + '\s*\z', Regexp::EXTENDED)
+      ret[:REL_URI] = Regexp.new('\A\s*+' + pattern[:X_REL_URI] + '\s*\z', Regexp::EXTENDED)
 
       # for Bundler::URI::extract
       ret[:URI_REF]     = Regexp.new(pattern[:URI_REF])
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc3986_parser.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc3986_parser.rb
index 2029cfd056..4c9882f595 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc3986_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/rfc3986_parser.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,73 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Bundler::URI
   class RFC3986_Parser # :nodoc:
     # Bundler::URI defined in RFC3986
-    # this regexp is modified not to host is not empty string
-    RFC3986_URI = /\A(?<Bundler::URI>(?<scheme>[A-Za-z][+\-.0-9A-Za-z]*):(?<hier-part>\/\/(?<authority>(?:(?<userinfo>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=A-Z_a-z~])*)@)?(?<host>(?<IP-literal>\[(?:(?<IPv6address>(?:\h{1,4}:){6}(?<ls32>\h{1,4}:\h{1,4}|(?<IPv4address>(?<dec-octet>[1-9]\d|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|\d)\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>))|::(?:\h{1,4}:){5}\g<ls32>|\h{1,4}?::(?:\h{1,4}:){4}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:)?\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){3}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,2}\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){2}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,3}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}:\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,4}\h{1,4})?::\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,5}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,6}\h{1,4})?::)|(?<IPvFuture>v\h+\.[!$&-.0-;=A-Z_a-z~]+))\])|\g<IPv4address>|(?<reg-name>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9;=A-Z_a-z~])+))?(?::(?<port>\d*))?)(?<path-abempty>(?:\/(?<segment>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])*))*)|(?<path-absolute>\/(?:(?<segment-nz>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])+)(?:\/\g<segment>)*)?)|(?<path-rootless>\g<segment-nz>(?:\/\g<segment>)*)|(?<path-empty>))(?:\?(?<query>[^#]*))?(?:\#(?<fragment>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~\/?])*))?)\z/
-    RFC3986_relative_ref = /\A(?<relative-ref>(?<relative-part>\/\/(?<authority>(?:(?<userinfo>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=A-Z_a-z~])*)@)?(?<host>(?<IP-literal>\[(?<IPv6address>(?:\h{1,4}:){6}(?<ls32>\h{1,4}:\h{1,4}|(?<IPv4address>(?<dec-octet>[1-9]\d|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|\d)\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>))|::(?:\h{1,4}:){5}\g<ls32>|\h{1,4}?::(?:\h{1,4}:){4}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,1}\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){3}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,2}\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){2}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,3}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}:\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,4}\h{1,4})?::\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,5}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,6}\h{1,4})?::)|(?<IPvFuture>v\h+\.[!$&-.0-;=A-Z_a-z~]+)\])|\g<IPv4address>|(?<reg-name>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9;=A-Z_a-z~])+))?(?::(?<port>\d*))?)(?<path-abempty>(?:\/(?<segment>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])*))*)|(?<path-absolute>\/(?:(?<segment-nz>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])+)(?:\/\g<segment>)*)?)|(?<path-noscheme>(?<segment-nz-nc>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9;=@-Z_a-z~])+)(?:\/\g<segment>)*)|(?<path-empty>))(?:\?(?<query>[^#]*))?(?:\#(?<fragment>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~\/?])*))?)\z/
+    HOST = %r[
+      (?<IP-literal>\[(?:
+          (?<IPv6address>
+            (?:\h{1,4}:){6}
+            (?<ls32>\h{1,4}:\h{1,4}
+            | (?<IPv4address>(?<dec-octet>[1-9]\d|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|\d)
+                \.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>)
+            )
+          | ::(?:\h{1,4}:){5}\g<ls32>
+          | \h{1,4}?::(?:\h{1,4}:){4}\g<ls32>
+          | (?:(?:\h{1,4}:)?\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){3}\g<ls32>
+          | (?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,2}\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){2}\g<ls32>
+          | (?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,3}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}:\g<ls32>
+          | (?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,4}\h{1,4})?::\g<ls32>
+          | (?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,5}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}
+          | (?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,6}\h{1,4})?::
+          )
+        | (?<IPvFuture>v\h++\.[!$&-.0-9:;=A-Z_a-z~]++)
+        )\])
+    | \g<IPv4address>
+    | (?<reg-name>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9;=A-Z_a-z~])*+)
+    ]x
+
+    USERINFO = /(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9:;=A-Z_a-z~])*+/
+
+    SCHEME = %r[[A-Za-z][+\-.0-9A-Za-z]*+].source
+    SEG = %r[(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9:;=@A-Z_a-z~/])].source
+    SEG_NC = %r[(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9;=@A-Z_a-z~])].source
+    FRAGMENT = %r[(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9:;=@A-Z_a-z~/?])*+].source
+
+    RFC3986_URI = %r[\A
+    (?<seg>#{SEG}){0}
+    (?<Bundler::URI>
+      (?<scheme>#{SCHEME}):
+      (?<hier-part>//
+        (?<authority>
+          (?:(?<userinfo>#{USERINFO.source})@)?
+          (?<host>#{HOST.source.delete(" \n")})
+          (?::(?<port>\d*+))?
+        )
+        (?<path-abempty>(?:/\g<seg>*+)?)
+      | (?<path-absolute>/((?!/)\g<seg>++)?)
+      | (?<path-rootless>(?!/)\g<seg>++)
+      | (?<path-empty>)
+      )
+      (?:\?(?<query>[^\#]*+))?
+      (?:\#(?<fragment>#{FRAGMENT}))?
+    )\z]x
+
+    RFC3986_relative_ref = %r[\A
+    (?<seg>#{SEG}){0}
+    (?<relative-ref>
+      (?<relative-part>//
+        (?<authority>
+          (?:(?<userinfo>#{USERINFO.source})@)?
+          (?<host>#{HOST.source.delete(" \n")}(?<!/))?
+          (?::(?<port>\d*+))?
+        )
+        (?<path-abempty>(?:/\g<seg>*+)?)
+      | (?<path-absolute>/\g<seg>*+)
+      | (?<path-noscheme>#{SEG_NC}++(?:/\g<seg>*+)?)
+      | (?<path-empty>)
+      )
+      (?:\?(?<query>[^#]*+))?
+      (?:\#(?<fragment>#{FRAGMENT}))?
+    )\z]x
     attr_reader :regexp
 
     def initialize
@@ -20,9 +83,9 @@ module Bundler::URI
       uri.ascii_only? or
         raise InvalidURIError, "Bundler::URI must be ascii only #{uri.dump}"
       if m = RFC3986_URI.match(uri)
-        query = m["query".freeze]
-        scheme = m["scheme".freeze]
-        opaque = m["path-rootless".freeze]
+        query = m["query"]
+        scheme = m["scheme"]
+        opaque = m["path-rootless"]
         if opaque
           opaque << "?#{query}" if query
           [ scheme,
@@ -33,35 +96,35 @@ module Bundler::URI
             nil, # path
             opaque,
             nil, # query
-            m["fragment".freeze]
+            m["fragment"]
           ]
         else # normal
           [ scheme,
-            m["userinfo".freeze],
-            m["host".freeze],
-            m["port".freeze],
+            m["userinfo"],
+            m["host"],
+            m["port"],
             nil, # registry
-            (m["path-abempty".freeze] ||
-             m["path-absolute".freeze] ||
-             m["path-empty".freeze]),
+            (m["path-abempty"] ||
+             m["path-absolute"] ||
+             m["path-empty"]),
             nil, # opaque
             query,
-            m["fragment".freeze]
+            m["fragment"]
           ]
         end
       elsif m = RFC3986_relative_ref.match(uri)
         [ nil, # scheme
-          m["userinfo".freeze],
-          m["host".freeze],
-          m["port".freeze],
+          m["userinfo"],
+          m["host"],
+          m["port"],
           nil, # registry,
-          (m["path-abempty".freeze] ||
-           m["path-absolute".freeze] ||
-           m["path-noscheme".freeze] ||
-           m["path-empty".freeze]),
+          (m["path-abempty"] ||
+           m["path-absolute"] ||
+           m["path-noscheme"] ||
+           m["path-empty"]),
           nil, # opaque
-          m["query".freeze],
-          m["fragment".freeze]
+          m["query"],
+          m["fragment"]
         ]
       else
         raise InvalidURIError, "bad Bundler::URI(is not Bundler::URI?): #{uri.inspect}"
@@ -79,23 +142,29 @@ module Bundler::URI
     end
 
     @@to_s = Kernel.instance_method(:to_s)
-    def inspect
-      @@to_s.bind_call(self)
+    if @@to_s.respond_to?(:bind_call)
+      def inspect
+        @@to_s.bind_call(self)
+      end
+    else
+      def inspect
+        @@to_s.bind(self).call
+      end
     end
 
     private
 
     def default_regexp # :nodoc:
       {
-        SCHEME: /\A[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+\-.]*\z/,
-        USERINFO: /\A(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=A-Z_a-z~])*\z/,
-        HOST: /\A(?:(?<IP-literal>\[(?:(?<IPv6address>(?:\h{1,4}:){6}(?<ls32>\h{1,4}:\h{1,4}|(?<IPv4address>(?<dec-octet>[1-9]\d|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|\d)\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>\.\g<dec-octet>))|::(?:\h{1,4}:){5}\g<ls32>|\h{,4}::(?:\h{1,4}:){4}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:)?\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){3}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,2}\h{1,4})?::(?:\h{1,4}:){2}\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,3}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}:\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,4}\h{1,4})?::\g<ls32>|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,5}\h{1,4})?::\h{1,4}|(?:(?:\h{1,4}:){,6}\h{1,4})?::)|(?<IPvFuture>v\h+\.[!$&-.0-;=A-Z_a-z~]+))\])|\g<IPv4address>|(?<reg-name>(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9;=A-Z_a-z~])*))\z/,
-        ABS_PATH: /\A\/(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])*(?:\/(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])*)*\z/,
-        REL_PATH: /\A(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])+(?:\/(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~])*)*\z/,
-        QUERY: /\A(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~\/?])*\z/,
-        FRAGMENT: /\A(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-;=@-Z_a-z~\/?])*\z/,
-        OPAQUE: /\A(?:[^\/].*)?\z/,
-        PORT: /\A[\x09\x0a\x0c\x0d ]*\d*[\x09\x0a\x0c\x0d ]*\z/,
+        SCHEME: %r[\A#{SCHEME}\z]o,
+        USERINFO: %r[\A#{USERINFO}\z]o,
+        HOST: %r[\A#{HOST}\z]o,
+        ABS_PATH: %r[\A/#{SEG}*+\z]o,
+        REL_PATH: %r[\A(?!/)#{SEG}++\z]o,
+        QUERY: %r[\A(?:%\h\h|[!$&-.0-9:;=@A-Z_a-z~/?])*+\z],
+        FRAGMENT: %r[\A#{FRAGMENT}\z]o,
+        OPAQUE: %r[\A(?:[^/].*)?\z],
+        PORT: /\A[\x09\x0a\x0c\x0d ]*+\d*[\x09\x0a\x0c\x0d ]*\z/,
       }
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/version.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/version.rb
index f2bb0ebad2..1fa1c7c09a 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/version.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/version.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module Bundler::URI
   # :stopdoc:
-  VERSION_CODE = '001001'.freeze
+  VERSION_CODE = '001300'.freeze
   VERSION = VERSION_CODE.scan(/../).collect{|n| n.to_i}.join('.').freeze
   # :startdoc:
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ws.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ws.rb
index 58e08bf98e..10ae6f5834 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ws.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/ws.rb
@@ -79,6 +79,5 @@ module Bundler::URI
     end
   end
 
-  @@schemes['WS'] = WS
-
+  register_scheme 'WS', WS
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/wss.rb b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/wss.rb
index 3827053c7b..e8db1ceabf 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/wss.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/wss.rb
@@ -18,5 +18,6 @@ module Bundler::URI
     # A Default port of 443 for Bundler::URI::WSS
     DEFAULT_PORT = 443
   end
-  @@schemes['WSS'] = WSS
+
+  register_scheme 'WSS', WSS
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_molinillo.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_molinillo.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d1976f5cb4..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendored_molinillo.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler; end
-require_relative "vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_net_http.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_net_http.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0dcabaa7d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendored_net_http.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+begin
+  require "rubygems/vendored_net_http"
+rescue LoadError
+  begin
+    require "rubygems/net/http"
+  rescue LoadError
+    require "net/http"
+    Gem::Net = Net
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_persistent.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_persistent.rb
index dc9573e025..ab985c267f 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendored_persistent.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendored_persistent.rb
@@ -9,39 +9,3 @@ module Bundler
   end
 end
 require_relative "vendor/net-http-persistent/lib/net/http/persistent"
-
-module Bundler
-  class PersistentHTTP < Persistent::Net::HTTP::Persistent
-    def connection_for(uri)
-      super(uri) do |connection|
-        result = yield connection
-        warn_old_tls_version_rubygems_connection(uri, connection)
-        result
-      end
-    end
-
-    def warn_old_tls_version_rubygems_connection(uri, connection)
-      return unless connection.http.use_ssl?
-      return unless (uri.host || "").end_with?("rubygems.org")
-
-      socket = connection.instance_variable_get(:@socket)
-      return unless socket
-      socket_io = socket.io
-      return unless socket_io.respond_to?(:ssl_version)
-      ssl_version = socket_io.ssl_version
-
-      case ssl_version
-      when /TLSv([\d\.]+)/
-        version = Gem::Version.new($1)
-        if version < Gem::Version.new("1.2")
-          Bundler.ui.warn \
-            "Warning: Your Ruby version is compiled against a copy of OpenSSL that is very old. " \
-            "Starting in January 2018, RubyGems.org will refuse connection requests from these " \
-            "very old versions of OpenSSL. If you will need to continue installing gems after " \
-            "January 2018, please follow this guide to upgrade: http://ruby.to/tls-outdated.",
-            :wrap => true
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_pub_grub.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_pub_grub.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b36a996b29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendored_pub_grub.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler; end
+require_relative "vendor/pub_grub/lib/pub_grub"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_timeout.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_timeout.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b2507c0cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendored_timeout.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+begin
+  require "rubygems/vendored_timeout"
+rescue LoadError
+  begin
+    require "rubygems/timeout"
+  rescue LoadError
+    require "timeout"
+    Gem::Timeout = Timeout
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_tmpdir.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_tmpdir.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 43b4fa75fe..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/vendored_tmpdir.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler; end
-require_relative "vendor/tmpdir/lib/tmpdir"
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vendored_uri.rb b/lib/bundler/vendored_uri.rb
index 905e8158e8..2efddc65f9 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vendored_uri.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vendored_uri.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,21 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Bundler; end
-require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
+
+# Use RubyGems vendored copy when available. Otherwise fallback to Bundler
+# vendored copy. The vendored copy in Bundler can be removed once support for
+# RubyGems 3.5 is dropped.
+
+begin
+  require "rubygems/vendor/uri/lib/uri"
+rescue LoadError
+  require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
+  Gem::URI = Bundler::URI
+
+  module Gem
+    def URI(uri) # rubocop:disable Naming/MethodName
+      Bundler::URI(uri)
+    end
+    module_function :URI
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/version.rb b/lib/bundler/version.rb
index 1acb00fd3a..cc9550e988 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/version.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/version.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 
 module Bundler
-  VERSION = "2.4.0.dev".freeze
+  VERSION = "2.5.9".freeze
 
   def self.bundler_major_version
     @bundler_major_version ||= VERSION.split(".").first.to_i
   end
+
+  def self.gem_version
+    @gem_version ||= Gem::Version.create(VERSION)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/version_ranges.rb b/lib/bundler/version_ranges.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 12a956d6a0..0000000000
--- a/lib/bundler/version_ranges.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Bundler
-  module VersionRanges
-    NEq = Struct.new(:version)
-    ReqR = Struct.new(:left, :right)
-    class ReqR
-      Endpoint = Struct.new(:version, :inclusive) do
-        def <=>(other)
-          if version.equal?(INFINITY)
-            return 0 if other.version.equal?(INFINITY)
-            return 1
-          elsif other.version.equal?(INFINITY)
-            return -1
-          end
-
-          comp = version <=> other.version
-          return comp unless comp.zero?
-
-          if inclusive && !other.inclusive
-            1
-          elsif !inclusive && other.inclusive
-            -1
-          else
-            0
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def to_s
-        "#{left.inclusive ? "[" : "("}#{left.version}, #{right.version}#{right.inclusive ? "]" : ")"}"
-      end
-      INFINITY = begin
-        inf = Object.new
-        def inf.to_s
-          "∞"
-        end
-        def inf.<=>(other)
-          return 0 if other.equal?(self)
-          1
-        end
-        inf.freeze
-      end
-      ZERO = Gem::Version.new("0.a")
-
-      def cover?(v)
-        return false if left.inclusive && left.version > v
-        return false if !left.inclusive && left.version >= v
-
-        if right.version != INFINITY
-          return false if right.inclusive && right.version < v
-          return false if !right.inclusive && right.version <= v
-        end
-
-        true
-      end
-
-      def empty?
-        left.version == right.version && !(left.inclusive && right.inclusive)
-      end
-
-      def single?
-        left.version == right.version
-      end
-
-      def <=>(other)
-        return -1 if other.equal?(INFINITY)
-
-        comp = left <=> other.left
-        return comp unless comp.zero?
-
-        right <=> other.right
-      end
-
-      UNIVERSAL = ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(Gem::Version.new("0.a"), true), ReqR::Endpoint.new(ReqR::INFINITY, false)).freeze
-    end
-
-    def self.for_many(requirements)
-      requirements = requirements.map(&:requirements).flatten(1).map {|r| r.join(" ") }
-      requirements << ">= 0.a" if requirements.empty?
-      requirement = Gem::Requirement.new(requirements)
-      self.for(requirement)
-    end
-
-    def self.for(requirement)
-      ranges = requirement.requirements.map do |op, v|
-        case op
-        when "=" then ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, true), ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, true))
-        when "!=" then NEq.new(v)
-        when ">=" then ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, true), ReqR::Endpoint.new(ReqR::INFINITY, false))
-        when ">" then ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, false), ReqR::Endpoint.new(ReqR::INFINITY, false))
-        when "<" then ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(ReqR::ZERO, true), ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, false))
-        when "<=" then ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(ReqR::ZERO, true), ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, true))
-        when "~>" then ReqR.new(ReqR::Endpoint.new(v, true), ReqR::Endpoint.new(v.bump, false))
-        else raise "unknown version op #{op} in requirement #{requirement}"
-        end
-      end.uniq
-      ranges, neqs = ranges.partition {|r| !r.is_a?(NEq) }
-
-      [ranges.sort, neqs.map(&:version)]
-    end
-
-    def self.empty?(ranges, neqs)
-      !ranges.reduce(ReqR::UNIVERSAL) do |last_range, curr_range|
-        next false unless last_range
-        next false if curr_range.single? && neqs.include?(curr_range.left.version)
-        next curr_range if last_range.right.version == ReqR::INFINITY
-        case last_range.right.version <=> curr_range.left.version
-        # higher
-        when 1 then next ReqR.new(curr_range.left, last_range.right)
-        # equal
-        when 0
-          if last_range.right.inclusive && curr_range.left.inclusive && !neqs.include?(curr_range.left.version)
-            ReqR.new(curr_range.left, [curr_range.right, last_range.right].max)
-          end
-        # lower
-        when -1 then next false
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/vlad.rb b/lib/bundler/vlad.rb
index 538e8c3e74..6179d0e4eb 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/vlad.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/vlad.rb
@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ require_relative "deployment"
 include Rake::DSL if defined? Rake::DSL
 
 namespace :vlad do
-  Bundler::Deployment.define_task(Rake::RemoteTask, :remote_task, :roles => :app)
+  Bundler::Deployment.define_task(Rake::RemoteTask, :remote_task, roles: :app)
 end
diff --git a/lib/bundler/worker.rb b/lib/bundler/worker.rb
index 5e4ee21c51..3ebd6f01db 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/worker.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/worker.rb
@@ -87,14 +87,12 @@ module Bundler
       creation_errors = []
 
       @threads = Array.new(@size) do |i|
-        begin
-          Thread.start { process_queue(i) }.tap do |thread|
-            thread.name = "#{name} Worker ##{i}" if thread.respond_to?(:name=)
-          end
-        rescue ThreadError => e
-          creation_errors << e
-          nil
+        Thread.start { process_queue(i) }.tap do |thread|
+          thread.name = "#{name} Worker ##{i}" if thread.respond_to?(:name=)
         end
+      rescue ThreadError => e
+        creation_errors << e
+        nil
       end.compact
 
       add_interrupt_handler unless @threads.empty?
diff --git a/lib/bundler/yaml_serializer.rb b/lib/bundler/yaml_serializer.rb
index d5ecbd4aef..42e6aaf89d 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/yaml_serializer.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/yaml_serializer.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ module Bundler
         if v.is_a?(Hash)
           yaml << dump_hash(v).gsub(/^(?!$)/, "  ") # indent all non-empty lines
         elsif v.is_a?(Array) # Expected to be array of strings
-          yaml << "\n- " << v.map {|s| s.to_s.gsub(/\s+/, " ").inspect }.join("\n- ") << "\n"
+          if v.empty?
+            yaml << " []\n"
+          else
+            yaml << "\n- " << v.map {|s| s.to_s.gsub(/\s+/, " ").inspect }.join("\n- ") << "\n"
+          end
         else
           yaml << " " << v.to_s.gsub(/\s+/, " ").inspect << "\n"
         end
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ module Bundler
       (.*) # value
       \1 # matching closing quote
       $
-    /xo.freeze
+    /xo
 
     HASH_REGEX = /
       ^
@@ -44,18 +48,20 @@ module Bundler
       (.*) # value
       \3 # matching closing quote
       $
-    /xo.freeze
+    /xo
 
     def load(str)
       res = {}
       stack = [res]
       last_hash = nil
       last_empty_key = nil
-      str.split(/\r?\n/).each do |line|
+      str.split(/\r?\n/) do |line|
         if match = HASH_REGEX.match(line)
           indent, key, quote, val = match.captures
-          key = convert_to_backward_compatible_key(key)
-          depth = indent.scan(/  /).length
+          val = strip_comment(val)
+
+          convert_to_backward_compatible_key!(key)
+          depth = indent.size / 2
           if quote.empty? && val.empty?
             new_hash = {}
             stack[depth][key] = new_hash
@@ -63,10 +69,13 @@ module Bundler
             last_empty_key = key
             last_hash = stack[depth]
           else
+            val = [] if val == "[]" # empty array
             stack[depth][key] = val
           end
         elsif match = ARRAY_REGEX.match(line)
           _, val = match.captures
+          val = strip_comment(val)
+
           last_hash[last_empty_key] = [] unless last_hash[last_empty_key].is_a?(Array)
 
           last_hash[last_empty_key].push(val)
@@ -75,15 +84,22 @@ module Bundler
       res
     end
 
+    def strip_comment(val)
+      if val.include?("#") && !val.start_with?("#")
+        val.split("#", 2).first.strip
+      else
+        val
+      end
+    end
+
     # for settings' keys
-    def convert_to_backward_compatible_key(key)
-      key = "#{key}/" if key =~ /https?:/i && key !~ %r{/\Z}
-      key = key.gsub(".", "__") if key.include?(".")
-      key
+    def convert_to_backward_compatible_key!(key)
+      key << "/" if /https?:/i.match?(key) && !%r{/\Z}.match?(key)
+      key.gsub!(".", "__")
     end
 
     class << self
-      private :dump_hash, :convert_to_backward_compatible_key
+      private :dump_hash, :convert_to_backward_compatible_key!
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/cgi.rb b/lib/cgi.rb
index affe8fd3fc..7af85e7fc8 100644
--- a/lib/cgi.rb
+++ b/lib/cgi.rb
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 #
 
 class CGI
-  VERSION = "0.3.2"
+  VERSION = "0.4.1"
 end
 
 require 'cgi/core'
diff --git a/lib/cgi/cookie.rb b/lib/cgi/cookie.rb
index 6b0d89ca3b..9498e2f9fa 100644
--- a/lib/cgi/cookie.rb
+++ b/lib/cgi/cookie.rb
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ class CGI
   class Cookie < Array
     @@accept_charset="UTF-8" unless defined?(@@accept_charset)
 
+    TOKEN_RE = %r"\A[[!-~]&&[^()<>@,;:\\\"/?=\[\]{}]]+\z"
+    PATH_VALUE_RE = %r"\A[[ -~]&&[^;]]*\z"
+    DOMAIN_VALUE_RE = %r"\A\.?(?<label>(?!-)[-A-Za-z0-9]+(?<!-))(?:\.\g<label>)*\z"
+
     # Create a new CGI::Cookie object.
     #
     # :call-seq:
@@ -72,8 +76,8 @@ class CGI
       @domain = nil
       @expires = nil
       if name.kind_of?(String)
-        @name = name
-        @path = (%r|\A(.*/)| =~ ENV["SCRIPT_NAME"] ? $1 : "")
+        self.name = name
+        self.path = (%r|\A(.*/)| =~ ENV["SCRIPT_NAME"] ? $1 : "")
         @secure = false
         @httponly = false
         return super(value)
@@ -84,11 +88,11 @@ class CGI
         raise ArgumentError, "`name' required"
       end
 
-      @name = options["name"]
+      self.name = options["name"]
       value = Array(options["value"])
       # simple support for IE
-      @path = options["path"] || (%r|\A(.*/)| =~ ENV["SCRIPT_NAME"] ? $1 : "")
-      @domain = options["domain"]
+      self.path = options["path"] || (%r|\A(.*/)| =~ ENV["SCRIPT_NAME"] ? $1 : "")
+      self.domain = options["domain"]
       @expires = options["expires"]
       @secure = options["secure"] == true
       @httponly = options["httponly"] == true
@@ -97,11 +101,35 @@ class CGI
     end
 
     # Name of this cookie, as a +String+
-    attr_accessor :name
+    attr_reader :name
+    # Set name of this cookie
+    def name=(str)
+      if str and !TOKEN_RE.match?(str)
+        raise ArgumentError, "invalid name: #{str.dump}"
+      end
+      @name = str
+    end
+
     # Path for which this cookie applies, as a +String+
-    attr_accessor :path
+    attr_reader :path
+    # Set path for which this cookie applies
+    def path=(str)
+      if str and !PATH_VALUE_RE.match?(str)
+        raise ArgumentError, "invalid path: #{str.dump}"
+      end
+      @path = str
+    end
+
     # Domain for which this cookie applies, as a +String+
-    attr_accessor :domain
+    attr_reader :domain
+    # Set domain for which this cookie applies
+    def domain=(str)
+      if str and ((str = str.b).bytesize > 255 or !DOMAIN_VALUE_RE.match?(str))
+        raise ArgumentError, "invalid domain: #{str.dump}"
+      end
+      @domain = str
+    end
+
     # Time at which this cookie expires, as a +Time+
     attr_accessor :expires
     # True if this cookie is secure; false otherwise
diff --git a/lib/cgi/core.rb b/lib/cgi/core.rb
index bec76e0749..62e606837a 100644
--- a/lib/cgi/core.rb
+++ b/lib/cgi/core.rb
@@ -188,17 +188,28 @@ class CGI
   # Using #header with the HTML5 tag maker will create a <header> element.
   alias :header :http_header
 
+  def _no_crlf_check(str)
+    if str
+      str = str.to_s
+      raise "A HTTP status or header field must not include CR and LF" if str =~ /[\r\n]/
+      str
+    else
+      nil
+    end
+  end
+  private :_no_crlf_check
+
   def _header_for_string(content_type) #:nodoc:
     buf = ''.dup
     if nph?()
-      buf << "#{$CGI_ENV['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] || 'HTTP/1.0'} 200 OK#{EOL}"
+      buf << "#{_no_crlf_check($CGI_ENV['SERVER_PROTOCOL']) || 'HTTP/1.0'} 200 OK#{EOL}"
       buf << "Date: #{CGI.rfc1123_date(Time.now)}#{EOL}"
-      buf << "Server: #{$CGI_ENV['SERVER_SOFTWARE']}#{EOL}"
+      buf << "Server: #{_no_crlf_check($CGI_ENV['SERVER_SOFTWARE'])}#{EOL}"
       buf << "Connection: close#{EOL}"
     end
-    buf << "Content-Type: #{content_type}#{EOL}"
+    buf << "Content-Type: #{_no_crlf_check(content_type)}#{EOL}"
     if @output_cookies
-      @output_cookies.each {|cookie| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{cookie}#{EOL}" }
+      @output_cookies.each {|cookie| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{_no_crlf_check(cookie)}#{EOL}" }
     end
     return buf
   end # _header_for_string
@@ -213,9 +224,9 @@ class CGI
     ## NPH
     options.delete('nph') if defined?(MOD_RUBY)
     if options.delete('nph') || nph?()
-      protocol = $CGI_ENV['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] || 'HTTP/1.0'
+      protocol = _no_crlf_check($CGI_ENV['SERVER_PROTOCOL']) || 'HTTP/1.0'
       status = options.delete('status')
-      status = HTTP_STATUS[status] || status || '200 OK'
+      status = HTTP_STATUS[status] || _no_crlf_check(status) || '200 OK'
       buf << "#{protocol} #{status}#{EOL}"
       buf << "Date: #{CGI.rfc1123_date(Time.now)}#{EOL}"
       options['server'] ||= $CGI_ENV['SERVER_SOFTWARE'] || ''
@@ -223,38 +234,38 @@ class CGI
     end
     ## common headers
     status = options.delete('status')
-    buf << "Status: #{HTTP_STATUS[status] || status}#{EOL}" if status
+    buf << "Status: #{HTTP_STATUS[status] || _no_crlf_check(status)}#{EOL}" if status
     server = options.delete('server')
-    buf << "Server: #{server}#{EOL}" if server
+    buf << "Server: #{_no_crlf_check(server)}#{EOL}" if server
     connection = options.delete('connection')
-    buf << "Connection: #{connection}#{EOL}" if connection
+    buf << "Connection: #{_no_crlf_check(connection)}#{EOL}" if connection
     type = options.delete('type')
-    buf << "Content-Type: #{type}#{EOL}" #if type
+    buf << "Content-Type: #{_no_crlf_check(type)}#{EOL}" #if type
     length = options.delete('length')
-    buf << "Content-Length: #{length}#{EOL}" if length
+    buf << "Content-Length: #{_no_crlf_check(length)}#{EOL}" if length
     language = options.delete('language')
-    buf << "Content-Language: #{language}#{EOL}" if language
+    buf << "Content-Language: #{_no_crlf_check(language)}#{EOL}" if language
     expires = options.delete('expires')
     buf << "Expires: #{CGI.rfc1123_date(expires)}#{EOL}" if expires
     ## cookie
     if cookie = options.delete('cookie')
       case cookie
       when String, Cookie
-        buf << "Set-Cookie: #{cookie}#{EOL}"
+        buf << "Set-Cookie: #{_no_crlf_check(cookie)}#{EOL}"
       when Array
         arr = cookie
-        arr.each {|c| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{c}#{EOL}" }
+        arr.each {|c| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{_no_crlf_check(c)}#{EOL}" }
       when Hash
         hash = cookie
-        hash.each_value {|c| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{c}#{EOL}" }
+        hash.each_value {|c| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{_no_crlf_check(c)}#{EOL}" }
       end
     end
     if @output_cookies
-      @output_cookies.each {|c| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{c}#{EOL}" }
+      @output_cookies.each {|c| buf << "Set-Cookie: #{_no_crlf_check(c)}#{EOL}" }
     end
     ## other headers
     options.each do |key, value|
-      buf << "#{key}: #{value}#{EOL}"
+      buf << "#{_no_crlf_check(key)}: #{_no_crlf_check(value)}#{EOL}"
     end
     return buf
   end # _header_for_hash
diff --git a/lib/cgi/session.rb b/lib/cgi/session.rb
index 70c7ebca42..aab60869bb 100644
--- a/lib/cgi/session.rb
+++ b/lib/cgi/session.rb
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ class CGI
     # fields are surrounded by a <fieldset> tag in HTML 4 generation, which
     # is _not_ invisible on many browsers; you may wish to disable the
     # use of fieldsets with code similar to the following
-    # (see http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-list/37805)
+    # (see https://blade.ruby-lang.org/ruby-list/37805)
     #
     #   cgi = CGI.new("html4")
     #   class << cgi
diff --git a/lib/cgi/util.rb b/lib/cgi/util.rb
index 5a5c77ac97..4986e544e0 100644
--- a/lib/cgi/util.rb
+++ b/lib/cgi/util.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ module CGI::Util
 
   # URL-encode a string following RFC 3986
   # Space characters (+" "+) are encoded with (+"%20"+)
-  #   url_encoded_string = CGI.escape("'Stop!' said Fred")
+  #   url_encoded_string = CGI.escapeURIComponent("'Stop!' said Fred")
   #      # => "%27Stop%21%27%20said%20Fred"
   def escapeURIComponent(string)
     encoding = string.encoding
@@ -46,9 +46,10 @@ module CGI::Util
     end
     buffer.force_encoding(encoding)
   end
+  alias escape_uri_component escapeURIComponent
 
   # URL-decode a string following RFC 3986 with encoding(optional).
-  #   string = CGI.unescape("%27Stop%21%27+said%20Fred")
+  #   string = CGI.unescapeURIComponent("%27Stop%21%27+said%20Fred")
   #      # => "'Stop!'+said Fred"
   def unescapeURIComponent(string, encoding = @@accept_charset)
     str = string.b
@@ -59,6 +60,8 @@ module CGI::Util
     str.valid_encoding? ? str : str.force_encoding(string.encoding)
   end
 
+  alias unescape_uri_component unescapeURIComponent
+
   # The set of special characters and their escaped values
   TABLE_FOR_ESCAPE_HTML__ = {
     "'" => '&#39;',
@@ -90,9 +93,12 @@ module CGI::Util
     end
   end
 
-  begin
-    require 'cgi/escape'
-  rescue LoadError
+  # TruffleRuby runs the pure-Ruby variant faster, do not use the C extension there
+  unless RUBY_ENGINE == 'truffleruby'
+    begin
+      require 'cgi/escape'
+    rescue LoadError
+    end
   end
 
   # Unescape a string that has been HTML-escaped
diff --git a/lib/csv.rb b/lib/csv.rb
index 06a490f34c..e8aa20ddd2 100644
--- a/lib/csv.rb
+++ b/lib/csv.rb
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 #
 # === Interface
 #
-# * CSV now uses Hash-style parameters to set options.
+# * CSV now uses keyword parameters to set options.
 # * CSV no longer has generate_row() or parse_row().
 # * The old CSV's Reader and Writer classes have been dropped.
 # * CSV::open() is now more like Ruby's open().
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 # == What is CSV, really?
 #
 # CSV maintains a pretty strict definition of CSV taken directly from
-# {the RFC}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt]. I relax the rules in only one
+# {the RFC}[https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt]. I relax the rules in only one
 # place and that is to make using this library easier. CSV will parse all valid
 # CSV.
 #
@@ -95,16 +95,16 @@ require "stringio"
 
 require_relative "csv/fields_converter"
 require_relative "csv/input_record_separator"
-require_relative "csv/match_p"
 require_relative "csv/parser"
 require_relative "csv/row"
 require_relative "csv/table"
 require_relative "csv/writer"
 
-using CSV::MatchP if CSV.const_defined?(:MatchP)
-
 # == \CSV
-# \CSV (comma-separated variables) data is a text representation of a table:
+#
+# === \CSV Data
+#
+# \CSV (comma-separated values) data is a text representation of a table:
 # - A _row_ _separator_ delimits table rows.
 #   A common row separator is the newline character <tt>"\n"</tt>.
 # - A _column_ _separator_ delimits fields in a row.
@@ -346,7 +346,9 @@ using CSV::MatchP if CSV.const_defined?(:MatchP)
 # - +row_sep+: Specifies the row separator; used to delimit rows.
 # - +col_sep+: Specifies the column separator; used to delimit fields.
 # - +quote_char+: Specifies the quote character; used to quote fields.
-# - +field_size_limit+: Specifies the maximum field size allowed.
+# - +field_size_limit+: Specifies the maximum field size + 1 allowed.
+#   Deprecated since 3.2.3. Use +max_field_size+ instead.
+# - +max_field_size+: Specifies the maximum field size allowed.
 # - +converters+: Specifies the field converters to be used.
 # - +unconverted_fields+: Specifies whether unconverted fields are to be available.
 # - +headers+: Specifies whether data contains headers,
@@ -703,7 +705,7 @@ using CSV::MatchP if CSV.const_defined?(:MatchP)
 # Header converters operate only on headers (and not on other rows).
 #
 # There are three ways to use header \converters;
-# these examples use built-in header converter +:dowhcase+,
+# these examples use built-in header converter +:downcase+,
 # which downcases each parsed header.
 #
 # - Option +header_converters+ with a singleton parsing method:
@@ -844,6 +846,15 @@ class CSV
     end
   end
 
+  # The error thrown when the parser encounters invalid encoding in CSV.
+  class InvalidEncodingError < MalformedCSVError
+    attr_reader :encoding
+    def initialize(encoding, line_number)
+      @encoding = encoding
+      super("Invalid byte sequence in #{encoding}", line_number)
+    end
+  end
+
   #
   # A FieldInfo Struct contains details about a field's position in the data
   # source it was read from.  CSV will pass this Struct to some blocks that make
@@ -853,8 +864,9 @@ class CSV
   # <b><tt>index</tt></b>::  The zero-based index of the field in its row.
   # <b><tt>line</tt></b>::   The line of the data source this row is from.
   # <b><tt>header</tt></b>:: The header for the column, when available.
+  # <b><tt>quoted?</tt></b>:: True or false, whether the original value is quoted or not.
   #
-  FieldInfo = Struct.new(:index, :line, :header)
+  FieldInfo = Struct.new(:index, :line, :header, :quoted?)
 
   # A Regexp used to find and convert some common Date formats.
   DateMatcher     = / \A(?: (\w+,?\s+)?\w+\s+\d{1,2},?\s+\d{2,4} |
@@ -862,10 +874,9 @@ class CSV
   # A Regexp used to find and convert some common DateTime formats.
   DateTimeMatcher =
     / \A(?: (\w+,?\s+)?\w+\s+\d{1,2}\s+\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}:\d{1,2},?\s+\d{2,4} |
-            \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2} |
-            # ISO-8601
+            # ISO-8601 and RFC-3339 (space instead of T) recognized by DateTime.parse
             \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}
-              (?:T\d{2}:\d{2}(?::\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?(?:[+-]\d{2}(?::\d{2})|Z)?)?)?
+              (?:[T\s]\d{2}:\d{2}(?::\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?(?:[+-]\d{2}(?::\d{2})|Z)?)?)?
         )\z /x
 
   # The encoding used by all converters.
@@ -915,7 +926,8 @@ class CSV
     symbol:   lambda { |h|
       h.encode(ConverterEncoding).downcase.gsub(/[^\s\w]+/, "").strip.
                                            gsub(/\s+/, "_").to_sym
-    }
+    },
+    symbol_raw: lambda { |h| h.encode(ConverterEncoding).to_sym }
   }
 
   # Default values for method options.
@@ -926,6 +938,7 @@ class CSV
     quote_char:         '"',
     # For parsing.
     field_size_limit:   nil,
+    max_field_size:     nil,
     converters:         nil,
     unconverted_fields: nil,
     headers:            false,
@@ -993,7 +1006,7 @@ class CSV
     def instance(data = $stdout, **options)
       # create a _signature_ for this method call, data object and options
       sig = [data.object_id] +
-            options.values_at(*DEFAULT_OPTIONS.keys.sort_by { |sym| sym.to_s })
+            options.values_at(*DEFAULT_OPTIONS.keys)
 
       # fetch or create the instance for this signature
       @@instances ||= Hash.new
@@ -1007,65 +1020,190 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   filter(**options) {|row| ... }
-    #   filter(in_string, **options) {|row| ... }
-    #   filter(in_io, **options) {|row| ... }
-    #   filter(in_string, out_string, **options) {|row| ... }
-    #   filter(in_string, out_io, **options) {|row| ... }
-    #   filter(in_io, out_string, **options) {|row| ... }
-    #   filter(in_io, out_io, **options) {|row| ... }
-    #
-    # Reads \CSV input and writes \CSV output.
-    #
-    # For each input row:
-    # - Forms the data into:
-    #   - A CSV::Row object, if headers are in use.
-    #   - An \Array of Arrays, otherwise.
-    # - Calls the block with that object.
-    # - Appends the block's return value to the output.
+    #   filter(in_string_or_io, **options) {|row| ... } -> array_of_arrays or csv_table
+    #   filter(in_string_or_io, out_string_or_io, **options) {|row| ... } -> array_of_arrays or csv_table
+    #   filter(**options) {|row| ... } -> array_of_arrays or csv_table
     #
-    # Arguments:
-    # * \CSV source:
-    #   * Argument +in_string+, if given, should be a \String object;
-    #     it will be put into a new StringIO object positioned at the beginning.
-    #   * Argument +in_io+, if given, should be an IO object that is
-    #     open for reading; on return, the IO object will be closed.
-    #   * If neither  +in_string+ nor +in_io+ is given,
-    #     the input stream defaults to {ARGF}[https://ruby-doc.org/core/ARGF.html].
-    # * \CSV output:
-    #   * Argument +out_string+, if given, should be a \String object;
-    #     it will be put into a new StringIO object positioned at the beginning.
-    #   * Argument +out_io+, if given, should be an IO object that is
-    #     ppen for writing; on return, the IO object will be closed.
-    #   * If neither +out_string+ nor +out_io+ is given,
-    #     the output stream defaults to <tt>$stdout</tt>.
-    # * Argument +options+ should be keyword arguments.
-    #   - Each argument name that is prefixed with +in_+ or +input_+
-    #     is stripped of its prefix and is treated as an option
-    #     for parsing the input.
-    #     Option +input_row_sep+ defaults to <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>.
-    #   - Each argument name that is prefixed with +out_+ or +output_+
-    #     is stripped of its prefix and is treated as an option
-    #     for generating the output.
-    #     Option +output_row_sep+ defaults to <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>.
-    #   - Each argument not prefixed as above is treated as an option
-    #     both for parsing the input and for generating the output.
-    #   - See {Options for Parsing}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Parsing]
-    #     and {Options for Generating}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Generating].
+    # - Parses \CSV from a source (\String, \IO stream, or ARGF).
+    # - Calls the given block with each parsed row:
+    #   - Without headers, each row is an \Array.
+    #   - With headers, each row is a CSV::Row.
+    # - Generates \CSV to an output (\String, \IO stream, or STDOUT).
+    # - Returns the parsed source:
+    #   - Without headers, an \Array of \Arrays.
+    #   - With headers, a CSV::Table.
     #
-    # Example:
-    #   in_string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    # When +in_string_or_io+ is given, but not +out_string_or_io+,
+    # parses from the given +in_string_or_io+
+    # and generates to STDOUT.
+    #
+    # \String input without headers:
+    #
+    #   in_string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2"
+    #   CSV.filter(in_string) do |row|
+    #     row[0].upcase!
+    #     row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #   end # => [["FOO", 0], ["BAR", -1], ["BAZ", -2]]
+    #
+    # Output (to STDOUT):
+    #
+    #   FOO,0
+    #   BAR,-1
+    #   BAZ,-2
+    #
+    # \String input with headers:
+    #
+    #   in_string = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2"
+    #   CSV.filter(in_string, headers: true) do |row|
+    #     row[0].upcase!
+    #     row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #   end # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+    #
+    # Output (to STDOUT):
+    #
+    #   Name,Value
+    #   FOO,0
+    #   BAR,-1
+    #   BAZ,-2
+    #
+    # \IO stream input without headers:
+    #
+    #   File.write('t.csv', "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2")
+    #   File.open('t.csv') do |in_io|
+    #     CSV.filter(in_io) do |row|
+    #       row[0].upcase!
+    #       row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #     end
+    #   end # => [["FOO", 0], ["BAR", -1], ["BAZ", -2]]
+    #
+    # Output (to STDOUT):
+    #
+    #   FOO,0
+    #   BAR,-1
+    #   BAZ,-2
+    #
+    # \IO stream input with headers:
+    #
+    #   File.write('t.csv', "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2")
+    #   File.open('t.csv') do |in_io|
+    #     CSV.filter(in_io, headers: true) do |row|
+    #       row[0].upcase!
+    #       row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #     end
+    #   end # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+    #
+    # Output (to STDOUT):
+    #
+    #   Name,Value
+    #   FOO,0
+    #   BAR,-1
+    #   BAZ,-2
+    #
+    # When both +in_string_or_io+ and +out_string_or_io+ are given,
+    # parses from +in_string_or_io+ and generates to +out_string_or_io+.
+    #
+    # \String output without headers:
+    #
+    #   in_string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2"
     #   out_string = ''
     #   CSV.filter(in_string, out_string) do |row|
-    #     row[0] = row[0].upcase
-    #     row[1] *= 4
-    #   end
-    #   out_string # => "FOO,0000\nBAR,1111\nBAZ,2222\n"
+    #     row[0].upcase!
+    #     row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #   end # => [["FOO", 0], ["BAR", -1], ["BAZ", -2]]
+    #   out_string # => "FOO,0\nBAR,-1\nBAZ,-2\n"
+    #
+    # \String output with headers:
+    #
+    #   in_string = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2"
+    #   out_string = ''
+    #   CSV.filter(in_string, out_string, headers: true) do |row|
+    #     row[0].upcase!
+    #     row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #   end # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+    #   out_string # => "Name,Value\nFOO,0\nBAR,-1\nBAZ,-2\n"
+    #
+    # \IO stream output without headers:
+    #
+    #   in_string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2"
+    #   File.open('t.csv', 'w') do |out_io|
+    #     CSV.filter(in_string, out_io) do |row|
+    #       row[0].upcase!
+    #       row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #     end
+    #   end # => [["FOO", 0], ["BAR", -1], ["BAZ", -2]]
+    #   File.read('t.csv') # => "FOO,0\nBAR,-1\nBAZ,-2\n"
+    #
+    # \IO stream output with headers:
+    #
+    #   in_string = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2"
+    #   File.open('t.csv', 'w') do |out_io|
+    #     CSV.filter(in_string, out_io, headers: true) do |row|
+    #       row[0].upcase!
+    #       row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #     end
+    #   end # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+    #   File.read('t.csv') # => "Name,Value\nFOO,0\nBAR,-1\nBAZ,-2\n"
+    #
+    # When neither +in_string_or_io+ nor +out_string_or_io+ given,
+    # parses from {ARGF}[rdoc-ref:ARGF]
+    # and generates to STDOUT.
+    #
+    # Without headers:
+    #
+    #   # Put Ruby code into a file.
+    #   ruby = <<-EOT
+    #     require 'csv'
+    #     CSV.filter do |row|
+    #       row[0].upcase!
+    #       row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #     end
+    #   EOT
+    #   File.write('t.rb', ruby)
+    #   # Put some CSV into a file.
+    #   File.write('t.csv', "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2")
+    #   # Run the Ruby code with CSV filename as argument.
+    #   system(Gem.ruby, "t.rb", "t.csv")
+    #
+    # Output (to STDOUT):
+    #
+    #   FOO,0
+    #   BAR,-1
+    #   BAZ,-2
+    #
+    # With headers:
+    #
+    #   # Put Ruby code into a file.
+    #   ruby = <<-EOT
+    #     require 'csv'
+    #     CSV.filter(headers: true) do |row|
+    #       row[0].upcase!
+    #       row[1] = - row[1].to_i
+    #     end
+    #   EOT
+    #   File.write('t.rb', ruby)
+    #   # Put some CSV into a file.
+    #   File.write('t.csv', "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2")
+    #   # Run the Ruby code with CSV filename as argument.
+    #   system(Gem.ruby, "t.rb", "t.csv")
+    #
+    # Output (to STDOUT):
+    #
+    #   Name,Value
+    #   FOO,0
+    #   BAR,-1
+    #   BAZ,-2
+    #
+    # Arguments:
+    #
+    # * Argument +in_string_or_io+ must be a \String or an \IO stream.
+    # * Argument +out_string_or_io+ must be a \String or an \IO stream.
+    # * Arguments <tt>**options</tt> must be keyword options.
+    #   See {Options for Parsing}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Parsing].
     def filter(input=nil, output=nil, **options)
       # parse options for input, output, or both
       in_options, out_options = Hash.new, {row_sep: InputRecordSeparator.value}
       options.each do |key, value|
-        case key.to_s
+        case key
         when /\Ain(?:put)?_(.+)\Z/
           in_options[$1.to_sym] = value
         when /\Aout(?:put)?_(.+)\Z/
@@ -1107,111 +1245,90 @@ class CSV
 
     #
     # :call-seq:
-    #   foreach(path, mode='r', **options) {|row| ... )
-    #   foreach(io, mode='r', **options {|row| ... )
-    #   foreach(path, mode='r', headers: ..., **options) {|row| ... )
-    #   foreach(io, mode='r', headers: ..., **options {|row| ... )
-    #   foreach(path, mode='r', **options) -> new_enumerator
-    #   foreach(io, mode='r', **options -> new_enumerator
-    #
-    # Calls the block with each row read from source +path+ or +io+.
-    #
-    # * Argument +path+, if given, must be the path to a file.
-    # :include: ../doc/csv/arguments/io.rdoc
-    # * Argument +mode+, if given, must be a \File mode
-    #   See {Open Mode}[IO.html#method-c-new-label-Open+Mode].
-    # * Arguments <tt>**options</tt> must be keyword options.
-    #   See {Options for Parsing}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Parsing].
-    # * This method optionally accepts an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> option
-    #   that you can use to specify the Encoding of the data read from +path+ or +io+.
-    #   You must provide this unless your data is in the encoding
-    #   given by <tt>Encoding::default_external</tt>.
-    #   Parsing will use this to determine how to parse the data.
-    #   You may provide a second Encoding to
-    #   have the data transcoded as it is read. For example,
-    #     encoding: 'UTF-32BE:UTF-8'
-    #   would read +UTF-32BE+ data from the file
-    #   but transcode it to +UTF-8+ before parsing.
+    #   foreach(path_or_io, mode='r', **options) {|row| ... )
+    #   foreach(path_or_io, mode='r', **options) -> new_enumerator
     #
-    # ====== Without Option +headers+
+    # Calls the block with each row read from source +path_or_io+.
     #
-    # Without option +headers+, returns each row as an \Array object.
+    # \Path input without headers:
     #
-    # These examples assume prior execution of:
     #   string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
-    #   path = 't.csv'
-    #   File.write(path, string)
+    #   in_path = 't.csv'
+    #   File.write(in_path, string)
+    #   CSV.foreach(in_path) {|row| p row }
     #
-    # Read rows from a file at +path+:
-    #   CSV.foreach(path) {|row| p row }
     # Output:
-    #   ["foo", "0"]
-    #   ["bar", "1"]
-    #   ["baz", "2"]
     #
-    # Read rows from an \IO object:
-    #   File.open(path) do |file|
-    #     CSV.foreach(file) {|row| p row }
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
     #   ["foo", "0"]
     #   ["bar", "1"]
     #   ["baz", "2"]
     #
-    # Returns a new \Enumerator if no block given:
-    #   CSV.foreach(path) # => #<Enumerator: CSV:foreach("t.csv", "r")>
-    #   CSV.foreach(File.open(path)) # => #<Enumerator: CSV:foreach(#<File:t.csv>, "r")>
+    # \Path input with headers:
+    #
+    #   string = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   in_path = 't.csv'
+    #   File.write(in_path, string)
+    #   CSV.foreach(in_path, headers: true) {|row| p row }
     #
-    # Issues a warning if an encoding is unsupported:
-    #   CSV.foreach(File.open(path), encoding: 'foo:bar') {|row| }
     # Output:
-    #   warning: Unsupported encoding foo ignored
-    #   warning: Unsupported encoding bar ignored
     #
-    # ====== With Option +headers+
+    #   <CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":"0">
+    #   <CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
+    #   <CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">
     #
-    # With {option +headers+}[#class-CSV-label-Option+headers],
-    # returns each row as a CSV::Row object.
+    # \IO stream input without headers:
     #
-    # These examples assume prior execution of:
-    #   string = "Name,Count\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
     #   path = 't.csv'
     #   File.write(path, string)
-    #
-    # Read rows from a file at +path+:
-    #   CSV.foreach(path, headers: true) {|row| p row }
+    #   File.open('t.csv') do |in_io|
+    #     CSV.foreach(in_io) {|row| p row }
+    #   end
     #
     # Output:
-    #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Count":"0">
-    #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Count":"1">
-    #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Count":"2">
     #
-    # Read rows from an \IO object:
-    #   File.open(path) do |file|
-    #     CSV.foreach(file, headers: true) {|row| p row }
+    #   ["foo", "0"]
+    #   ["bar", "1"]
+    #   ["baz", "2"]
+    #
+    # \IO stream input with headers:
+    #
+    #   string = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   path = 't.csv'
+    #   File.write(path, string)
+    #   File.open('t.csv') do |in_io|
+    #     CSV.foreach(in_io, headers: true) {|row| p row }
     #   end
     #
     # Output:
-    #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Count":"0">
-    #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Count":"1">
-    #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Count":"2">
     #
-    # ---
+    #   <CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":"0">
+    #   <CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
+    #   <CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">
     #
-    # Raises an exception if +path+ is a \String, but not the path to a readable file:
-    #   # Raises Errno::ENOENT (No such file or directory @ rb_sysopen - nosuch.csv):
-    #   CSV.foreach('nosuch.csv') {|row| }
+    # With no block given, returns an \Enumerator:
     #
-    # Raises an exception if +io+ is an \IO object, but not open for reading:
-    #   io = File.open(path, 'w') {|row| }
-    #   # Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of nil into String):
-    #   CSV.foreach(io) {|row| }
-    #
-    # Raises an exception if +mode+ is invalid:
-    #   # Raises ArgumentError (invalid access mode nosuch):
-    #   CSV.foreach(path, 'nosuch') {|row| }
+    #   string = "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   path = 't.csv'
+    #   File.write(path, string)
+    #   CSV.foreach(path) # => #<Enumerator: CSV:foreach("t.csv", "r")>
     #
+    # Arguments:
+    # * Argument +path_or_io+ must be a file path or an \IO stream.
+    # * Argument +mode+, if given, must be a \File mode.
+    #   See {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes].
+    # * Arguments <tt>**options</tt> must be keyword options.
+    #   See {Options for Parsing}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Parsing].
+    # * This method optionally accepts an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> option
+    #   that you can use to specify the Encoding of the data read from +path+ or +io+.
+    #   You must provide this unless your data is in the encoding
+    #   given by <tt>Encoding::default_external</tt>.
+    #   Parsing will use this to determine how to parse the data.
+    #   You may provide a second Encoding to
+    #   have the data transcoded as it is read. For example,
+    #     encoding: 'UTF-32BE:UTF-8'
+    #   would read +UTF-32BE+ data from the file
+    #   but transcode it to +UTF-8+ before parsing.
     def foreach(path, mode="r", **options, &block)
       return to_enum(__method__, path, mode, **options) unless block_given?
       open(path, mode, **options) do |csv|
@@ -1349,6 +1466,46 @@ class CSV
       (new(str, **options) << row).string
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   CSV.generate_lines(rows)
+    #   CSV.generate_lines(rows, **options)
+    #
+    # Returns the \String created by generating \CSV from
+    # using the specified +options+.
+    #
+    # Argument +rows+ must be an \Array of row. Row is \Array of \String or \CSV::Row.
+    #
+    # Special options:
+    # * Option <tt>:row_sep</tt> defaults to <tt>"\n"</tt> on Ruby 3.0 or later
+    #   and <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt> (<tt>$/</tt>) otherwise.:
+    #     $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR # => "\n"
+    # * This method accepts an additional option, <tt>:encoding</tt>, which sets the base
+    #   Encoding for the output. This method will try to guess your Encoding from
+    #   the first non-+nil+ field in +row+, if possible, but you may need to use
+    #   this parameter as a backup plan.
+    #
+    # For other +options+,
+    # see {Options for Generating}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Generating].
+    #
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Returns the \String generated from an
+    #   CSV.generate_lines([['foo', '0'], ['bar', '1'], ['baz', '2']]) # => "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Raises an exception
+    #   # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `each' for :foo:Symbol)
+    #   CSV.generate_lines(:foo)
+    #
+    def generate_lines(rows, **options)
+      self.generate(**options) do |csv|
+        rows.each do |row|
+          csv << row
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     #
     # :call-seq:
     #   open(file_path, mode = "rb", **options ) -> new_csv
@@ -1357,7 +1514,7 @@ class CSV
     #   open(io, mode = "rb", **options ) { |csv| ... } -> object
     #
     # possible options elements:
-    #   hash form:
+    #   keyword form:
     #     :invalid => nil      # raise error on invalid byte sequence (default)
     #     :invalid => :replace # replace invalid byte sequence
     #     :undef => :replace   # replace undefined conversion
@@ -1365,8 +1522,8 @@ class CSV
     #
     # * Argument +path+, if given, must be the path to a file.
     # :include: ../doc/csv/arguments/io.rdoc
-    # * Argument +mode+, if given, must be a \File mode
-    #   See {Open Mode}[IO.html#method-c-new-label-Open+Mode].
+    # * Argument +mode+, if given, must be a \File mode.
+    #   See {Access Modes}[rdoc-ref:File@Access+Modes].
     # * Arguments <tt>**options</tt> must be keyword options.
     #   See {Options for Generating}[#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Generating].
     # * This method optionally accepts an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> option
@@ -1424,10 +1581,14 @@ class CSV
     def open(filename, mode="r", **options)
       # wrap a File opened with the remaining +args+ with no newline
       # decorator
-      file_opts = {universal_newline: false}.merge(options)
+      file_opts = options.dup
+      unless file_opts.key?(:newline)
+        file_opts[:universal_newline] ||= false
+      end
       options.delete(:invalid)
       options.delete(:undef)
       options.delete(:replace)
+      options.delete_if {|k, _| /newline\z/.match?(k)}
 
       begin
         f = File.open(filename, mode, **file_opts)
@@ -1746,6 +1907,7 @@ class CSV
                  row_sep: :auto,
                  quote_char: '"',
                  field_size_limit: nil,
+                 max_field_size: nil,
                  converters: nil,
                  unconverted_fields: nil,
                  headers: false,
@@ -1769,8 +1931,19 @@ class CSV
     raise ArgumentError.new("Cannot parse nil as CSV") if data.nil?
 
     if data.is_a?(String)
+      if encoding
+        if encoding.is_a?(String)
+          data_external_encoding, data_internal_encoding = encoding.split(":", 2)
+          if data_internal_encoding
+            data = data.encode(data_internal_encoding, data_external_encoding)
+          else
+            data = data.dup.force_encoding(data_external_encoding)
+          end
+        else
+          data = data.dup.force_encoding(encoding)
+        end
+      end
       @io = StringIO.new(data)
-      @io.set_encoding(encoding || data.encoding)
     else
       @io = data
     end
@@ -1788,11 +1961,14 @@ class CSV
     @initial_header_converters = header_converters
     @initial_write_converters = write_converters
 
+    if max_field_size.nil? and field_size_limit
+      max_field_size = field_size_limit - 1
+    end
     @parser_options = {
       column_separator: col_sep,
       row_separator: row_sep,
       quote_character: quote_char,
-      field_size_limit: field_size_limit,
+      max_field_size: max_field_size,
       unconverted_fields: unconverted_fields,
       headers: headers,
       return_headers: return_headers,
@@ -1860,11 +2036,25 @@ class CSV
   # Returns the limit for field size; used for parsing;
   # see {Option +field_size_limit+}[#class-CSV-label-Option+field_size_limit]:
   #   CSV.new('').field_size_limit # => nil
+  #
+  # Deprecated since 3.2.3. Use +max_field_size+ instead.
   def field_size_limit
     parser.field_size_limit
   end
 
   # :call-seq:
+  #   csv.max_field_size -> integer or nil
+  #
+  # Returns the limit for field size; used for parsing;
+  # see {Option +max_field_size+}[#class-CSV-label-Option+max_field_size]:
+  #   CSV.new('').max_field_size # => nil
+  #
+  # Since 3.2.3.
+  def max_field_size
+    parser.max_field_size
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
   #   csv.skip_lines -> regexp or nil
   #
   # Returns the \Regexp used to identify comment lines; used for parsing;
@@ -1994,7 +2184,7 @@ class CSV
   end
 
   # :call-seq:
-  #   csv.encoding -> endcoding
+  #   csv.encoding -> encoding
   #
   # Returns the encoding used for parsing and generating;
   # see {Character Encodings (M17n or Multilingualization)}[#class-CSV-label-Character+Encodings+-28M17n+or+Multilingualization-29]:
@@ -2362,7 +2552,13 @@ class CSV
   #     p row
   #   end
   def each(&block)
-    parser_enumerator.each(&block)
+    return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
+    begin
+      while true
+        yield(parser_enumerator.next)
+      end
+    rescue StopIteration
+    end
   end
 
   # :call-seq:
diff --git a/lib/csv/delete_suffix.rb b/lib/csv/delete_suffix.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d457718997..0000000000
--- a/lib/csv/delete_suffix.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-# This provides String#delete_suffix? for Ruby 2.4.
-unless String.method_defined?(:delete_suffix)
-  class CSV
-    module DeleteSuffix
-      refine String do
-        def delete_suffix(suffix)
-          if end_with?(suffix)
-            self[0...-suffix.size]
-          else
-            self
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/csv/fields_converter.rb b/lib/csv/fields_converter.rb
index b206118d99..d15977d379 100644
--- a/lib/csv/fields_converter.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/fields_converter.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class CSV
       @converters.empty?
     end
 
-    def convert(fields, headers, lineno)
+    def convert(fields, headers, lineno, quoted_fields)
       return fields unless need_convert?
 
       fields.collect.with_index do |field, index|
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ class CSV
             else
               header = nil
             end
-            field = converter[field, FieldInfo.new(index, lineno, header)]
+            quoted = quoted_fields[index]
+            field = converter[field, FieldInfo.new(index, lineno, header, quoted)]
           end
           break unless field.is_a?(String)  # short-circuit pipeline for speed
         end
diff --git a/lib/csv/input_record_separator.rb b/lib/csv/input_record_separator.rb
index bbf13479f7..7a99343c0c 100644
--- a/lib/csv/input_record_separator.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/input_record_separator.rb
@@ -4,20 +4,7 @@ require "stringio"
 class CSV
   module InputRecordSeparator
     class << self
-      is_input_record_separator_deprecated = false
-      verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, true
-      stderr, $stderr = $stderr, StringIO.new
-      input_record_separator = $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR
-      begin
-        $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR = "\r\n"
-        is_input_record_separator_deprecated = (not $stderr.string.empty?)
-      ensure
-        $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR = input_record_separator
-        $stderr = stderr
-        $VERBOSE = verbose
-      end
-
-      if is_input_record_separator_deprecated
+      if RUBY_VERSION >= "3.0.0"
         def value
           "\n"
         end
diff --git a/lib/csv/match_p.rb b/lib/csv/match_p.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 775559a3eb..0000000000
--- a/lib/csv/match_p.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-# This provides String#match? and Regexp#match? for Ruby 2.3.
-unless String.method_defined?(:match?)
-  class CSV
-    module MatchP
-      refine String do
-        def match?(pattern)
-          self =~ pattern
-        end
-      end
-
-      refine Regexp do
-        def match?(string)
-          self =~ string
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/csv/parser.rb b/lib/csv/parser.rb
index 7e943acf21..4da87fbac8 100644
--- a/lib/csv/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/parser.rb
@@ -2,15 +2,10 @@
 
 require "strscan"
 
-require_relative "delete_suffix"
 require_relative "input_record_separator"
-require_relative "match_p"
 require_relative "row"
 require_relative "table"
 
-using CSV::DeleteSuffix if CSV.const_defined?(:DeleteSuffix)
-using CSV::MatchP if CSV.const_defined?(:MatchP)
-
 class CSV
   # Note: Don't use this class directly. This is an internal class.
   class Parser
@@ -27,6 +22,10 @@ class CSV
     class InvalidEncoding < StandardError
     end
 
+    # Raised when unexpected case is happen.
+    class UnexpectedError < StandardError
+    end
+
     #
     # CSV::Scanner receives a CSV output, scans it and return the content.
     # It also controls the life cycle of the object with its methods +keep_start+,
@@ -78,10 +77,10 @@ class CSV
     # +keep_end+, +keep_back+, +keep_drop+.
     #
     # CSV::InputsScanner.scan() tries to match with pattern at the current position.
-    # If there's a match, the scanner advances the “scan pointer” and returns the matched string.
+    # If there's a match, the scanner advances the "scan pointer" and returns the matched string.
     # Otherwise, the scanner returns nil.
     #
-    # CSV::InputsScanner.rest() returns the “rest” of the string (i.e. everything after the scan pointer).
+    # CSV::InputsScanner.rest() returns the "rest" of the string (i.e. everything after the scan pointer).
     # If there is no more data (eos? = true), it returns "".
     #
     class InputsScanner
@@ -96,11 +95,13 @@ class CSV
       end
 
       def each_line(row_separator)
+        return enum_for(__method__, row_separator) unless block_given?
         buffer = nil
         input = @scanner.rest
         position = @scanner.pos
         offset = 0
         n_row_separator_chars = row_separator.size
+        # trace(__method__, :start, input)
         while true
           input.each_line(row_separator) do |line|
             @scanner.pos += line.bytesize
@@ -140,25 +141,29 @@ class CSV
       end
 
       def scan(pattern)
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :start)
         value = @scanner.scan(pattern)
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :done, :last, value) if @last_scanner
         return value if @last_scanner
 
-        if value
-          read_chunk if @scanner.eos?
-          return value
-        else
-          nil
-        end
+        read_chunk if value and @scanner.eos?
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :done, value)
+        value
       end
 
       def scan_all(pattern)
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :start)
         value = @scanner.scan(pattern)
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :done, :last, value) if @last_scanner
         return value if @last_scanner
 
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :done, :nil) if value.nil?
         return nil if value.nil?
         while @scanner.eos? and read_chunk and (sub_value = @scanner.scan(pattern))
+          # trace(__method__, pattern, :sub, sub_value)
           value << sub_value
         end
+        # trace(__method__, pattern, :done, value)
         value
       end
 
@@ -167,68 +172,127 @@ class CSV
       end
 
       def keep_start
-        @keeps.push([@scanner.pos, nil])
+        # trace(__method__, :start)
+        adjust_last_keep
+        @keeps.push([@scanner, @scanner.pos, nil])
+        # trace(__method__, :done)
       end
 
       def keep_end
-        start, buffer = @keeps.pop
-        keep = @scanner.string.byteslice(start, @scanner.pos - start)
+        # trace(__method__, :start)
+        scanner, start, buffer = @keeps.pop
+        if scanner == @scanner
+          keep = @scanner.string.byteslice(start, @scanner.pos - start)
+        else
+          keep = @scanner.string.byteslice(0, @scanner.pos)
+        end
         if buffer
           buffer << keep
           keep = buffer
         end
+        # trace(__method__, :done, keep)
         keep
       end
 
       def keep_back
-        start, buffer = @keeps.pop
+        # trace(__method__, :start)
+        scanner, start, buffer = @keeps.pop
         if buffer
+          # trace(__method__, :rescan, start, buffer)
           string = @scanner.string
-          keep = string.byteslice(start, string.bytesize - start)
+          if scanner == @scanner
+            keep = string.byteslice(start,
+                                    string.bytesize - @scanner.pos - start)
+          else
+            keep = string
+          end
           if keep and not keep.empty?
             @inputs.unshift(StringIO.new(keep))
             @last_scanner = false
           end
           @scanner = StringScanner.new(buffer)
         else
+          if @scanner != scanner
+            message = "scanners are different but no buffer: "
+            message += "#{@scanner.inspect}(#{@scanner.object_id}): "
+            message += "#{scanner.inspect}(#{scanner.object_id})"
+            raise UnexpectedError, message
+          end
+          # trace(__method__, :repos, start, buffer)
           @scanner.pos = start
         end
         read_chunk if @scanner.eos?
       end
 
       def keep_drop
-        @keeps.pop
+        _, _, buffer = @keeps.pop
+        # trace(__method__, :done, :empty) unless buffer
+        return unless buffer
+
+        last_keep = @keeps.last
+        # trace(__method__, :done, :no_last_keep) unless last_keep
+        return unless last_keep
+
+        if last_keep[2]
+          last_keep[2] << buffer
+        else
+          last_keep[2] = buffer
+        end
+        # trace(__method__, :done)
       end
 
       def rest
         @scanner.rest
       end
 
+      def check(pattern)
+        @scanner.check(pattern)
+      end
+
       private
-      def read_chunk
-        return false if @last_scanner
+      def trace(*args)
+        pp([*args, @scanner, @scanner&.string, @scanner&.pos, @keeps])
+      end
 
-        unless @keeps.empty?
-          keep = @keeps.last
-          keep_start = keep[0]
-          string = @scanner.string
-          keep_data = string.byteslice(keep_start, @scanner.pos - keep_start)
-          if keep_data
-            keep_buffer = keep[1]
-            if keep_buffer
-              keep_buffer << keep_data
-            else
-              keep[1] = keep_data.dup
-            end
+      def adjust_last_keep
+        # trace(__method__, :start)
+
+        keep = @keeps.last
+        # trace(__method__, :done, :empty) if keep.nil?
+        return if keep.nil?
+
+        scanner, start, buffer = keep
+        string = @scanner.string
+        if @scanner != scanner
+          start = 0
+        end
+        if start == 0 and @scanner.eos?
+          keep_data = string
+        else
+          keep_data = string.byteslice(start, @scanner.pos - start)
+        end
+        if keep_data
+          if buffer
+            buffer << keep_data
+          else
+            keep[2] = keep_data.dup
           end
-          keep[0] = 0
         end
 
+        # trace(__method__, :done)
+      end
+
+      def read_chunk
+        return false if @last_scanner
+
+        adjust_last_keep
+
         input = @inputs.first
         case input
         when StringIO
           string = input.read
           raise InvalidEncoding unless string.valid_encoding?
+          # trace(__method__, :stringio, string)
           @scanner = StringScanner.new(string)
           @inputs.shift
           @last_scanner = @inputs.empty?
@@ -237,6 +301,7 @@ class CSV
           chunk = input.gets(@row_separator, @chunk_size)
           if chunk
             raise InvalidEncoding unless chunk.valid_encoding?
+            # trace(__method__, :chunk, chunk)
             @scanner = StringScanner.new(chunk)
             if input.respond_to?(:eof?) and input.eof?
               @inputs.shift
@@ -244,6 +309,7 @@ class CSV
             end
             true
           else
+            # trace(__method__, :no_chunk)
             @scanner = StringScanner.new("".encode(@encoding))
             @inputs.shift
             @last_scanner = @inputs.empty?
@@ -278,7 +344,11 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     def field_size_limit
-      @field_size_limit
+      @max_field_size&.succ
+    end
+
+    def max_field_size
+      @max_field_size
     end
 
     def skip_lines
@@ -344,7 +414,16 @@ class CSV
         else
           lineno = @lineno + 1
         end
-        message = "Invalid byte sequence in #{@encoding}"
+        raise InvalidEncodingError.new(@encoding, lineno)
+      rescue UnexpectedError => error
+        if @scanner
+          ignore_broken_line
+          lineno = @lineno
+        else
+          lineno = @lineno + 1
+        end
+        message = "This should not be happen: #{error.message}: "
+        message += "Please report this to https://github.com/ruby/csv/issues"
         raise MalformedCSVError.new(message, lineno)
       end
     end
@@ -390,7 +469,7 @@ class CSV
         @backslash_quote = false
       end
       @unconverted_fields = @options[:unconverted_fields]
-      @field_size_limit = @options[:field_size_limit]
+      @max_field_size = @options[:max_field_size]
       @skip_blanks = @options[:skip_blanks]
       @fields_converter = @options[:fields_converter]
       @header_fields_converter = @options[:header_fields_converter]
@@ -407,7 +486,6 @@ class CSV
           message = ":quote_char has to be nil or a single character String"
           raise ArgumentError, message
         end
-        @double_quote_character = @quote_character * 2
         @escaped_quote_character = Regexp.escape(@quote_character)
         @escaped_quote = Regexp.new(@escaped_quote_character)
       end
@@ -680,9 +758,10 @@ class CSV
       case headers
       when Array
         @raw_headers = headers
+        quoted_fields = [false] * @raw_headers.size
         @use_headers = true
       when String
-        @raw_headers = parse_headers(headers)
+        @raw_headers, quoted_fields = parse_headers(headers)
         @use_headers = true
       when nil, false
         @raw_headers = nil
@@ -692,21 +771,28 @@ class CSV
         @use_headers = true
       end
       if @raw_headers
-        @headers = adjust_headers(@raw_headers)
+        @headers = adjust_headers(@raw_headers, quoted_fields)
       else
         @headers = nil
       end
     end
 
     def parse_headers(row)
-      CSV.parse_line(row,
-                     col_sep:    @column_separator,
-                     row_sep:    @row_separator,
-                     quote_char: @quote_character)
+      quoted_fields = []
+      converter = lambda do |field, info|
+        quoted_fields << info.quoted?
+        field
+      end
+      headers = CSV.parse_line(row,
+                               col_sep:    @column_separator,
+                               row_sep:    @row_separator,
+                               quote_char: @quote_character,
+                               converters: [converter])
+      [headers, quoted_fields]
     end
 
-    def adjust_headers(headers)
-      adjusted_headers = @header_fields_converter.convert(headers, nil, @lineno)
+    def adjust_headers(headers, quoted_fields)
+      adjusted_headers = @header_fields_converter.convert(headers, nil, @lineno, quoted_fields)
       adjusted_headers.each {|h| h.freeze if h.is_a? String}
       adjusted_headers
     end
@@ -729,28 +815,28 @@ class CSV
       sample[0, 128].index(@quote_character)
     end
 
-    SCANNER_TEST = (ENV["CSV_PARSER_SCANNER_TEST"] == "yes")
-    if SCANNER_TEST
-      class UnoptimizedStringIO
-        def initialize(string)
-          @io = StringIO.new(string, "rb:#{string.encoding}")
-        end
+    class UnoptimizedStringIO # :nodoc:
+      def initialize(string)
+        @io = StringIO.new(string, "rb:#{string.encoding}")
+      end
 
-        def gets(*args)
-          @io.gets(*args)
-        end
+      def gets(*args)
+        @io.gets(*args)
+      end
 
-        def each_line(*args, &block)
-          @io.each_line(*args, &block)
-        end
+      def each_line(*args, &block)
+        @io.each_line(*args, &block)
+      end
 
-        def eof?
-          @io.eof?
-        end
+      def eof?
+        @io.eof?
       end
+    end
 
-      SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE =
-        Integer((ENV["CSV_PARSER_SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE"] || "1"), 10)
+    SCANNER_TEST = (ENV["CSV_PARSER_SCANNER_TEST"] == "yes")
+    if SCANNER_TEST
+      SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE_NAME = "CSV_PARSER_SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE"
+      SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE_VALUE = ENV[SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE_NAME]
       def build_scanner
         inputs = @samples.collect do |sample|
           UnoptimizedStringIO.new(sample)
@@ -760,10 +846,17 @@ class CSV
         else
           inputs << @input
         end
+        begin
+          chunk_size_value = ENV[SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE_NAME]
+        rescue # Ractor::IsolationError
+          # Ractor on Ruby 3.0 can't read ENV value.
+          chunk_size_value = SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE_VALUE
+        end
+        chunk_size = Integer((chunk_size_value || "1"), 10)
         InputsScanner.new(inputs,
                           @encoding,
                           @row_separator,
-                          chunk_size: SCANNER_TEST_CHUNK_SIZE)
+                          chunk_size: chunk_size)
       end
     else
       def build_scanner
@@ -782,8 +875,7 @@ class CSV
               !line.valid_encoding?
             end
             if index
-              message = "Invalid byte sequence in #{@encoding}"
-              raise MalformedCSVError.new(message, @lineno + index + 1)
+              raise InvalidEncodingError.new(@encoding, @lineno + index + 1)
             end
           end
           Scanner.new(string)
@@ -826,6 +918,14 @@ class CSV
       end
     end
 
+    def validate_field_size(field)
+      return unless @max_field_size
+      return if field.size <= @max_field_size
+      ignore_broken_line
+      message = "Field size exceeded: #{field.size} > #{@max_field_size}"
+      raise MalformedCSVError.new(message, @lineno)
+    end
+
     def parse_no_quote(&block)
       @scanner.each_line(@row_separator) do |line|
         next if @skip_lines and skip_line?(line)
@@ -835,9 +935,16 @@ class CSV
         if line.empty?
           next if @skip_blanks
           row = []
+          quoted_fields = []
         else
           line = strip_value(line)
           row = line.split(@split_column_separator, -1)
+          quoted_fields = [false] * row.size
+          if @max_field_size
+            row.each do |column|
+              validate_field_size(column)
+            end
+          end
           n_columns = row.size
           i = 0
           while i < n_columns
@@ -846,7 +953,7 @@ class CSV
           end
         end
         @last_line = original_line
-        emit_row(row, &block)
+        emit_row(row, quoted_fields, &block)
       end
     end
 
@@ -868,31 +975,37 @@ class CSV
             next
           end
           row = []
+          quoted_fields = []
         elsif line.include?(@cr) or line.include?(@lf)
           @scanner.keep_back
           @need_robust_parsing = true
           return parse_quotable_robust(&block)
         else
           row = line.split(@split_column_separator, -1)
+          quoted_fields = []
           n_columns = row.size
           i = 0
           while i < n_columns
             column = row[i]
             if column.empty?
+              quoted_fields << false
               row[i] = nil
             else
               n_quotes = column.count(@quote_character)
               if n_quotes.zero?
+                quoted_fields << false
                 # no quote
               elsif n_quotes == 2 and
                    column.start_with?(@quote_character) and
                    column.end_with?(@quote_character)
+                quoted_fields << true
                 row[i] = column[1..-2]
               else
                 @scanner.keep_back
                 @need_robust_parsing = true
                 return parse_quotable_robust(&block)
               end
+              validate_field_size(row[i])
             end
             i += 1
           end
@@ -900,13 +1013,14 @@ class CSV
         @scanner.keep_drop
         @scanner.keep_start
         @last_line = original_line
-        emit_row(row, &block)
+        emit_row(row, quoted_fields, &block)
       end
       @scanner.keep_drop
     end
 
     def parse_quotable_robust(&block)
       row = []
+      quoted_fields = []
       skip_needless_lines
       start_row
       while true
@@ -916,32 +1030,39 @@ class CSV
         value = parse_column_value
         if value
           @scanner.scan_all(@strip_value) if @strip_value
-          if @field_size_limit and value.size >= @field_size_limit
-            ignore_broken_line
-            raise MalformedCSVError.new("Field size exceeded", @lineno)
-          end
+          validate_field_size(value)
         end
         if parse_column_end
           row << value
+          quoted_fields << @quoted_column_value
         elsif parse_row_end
           if row.empty? and value.nil?
-            emit_row([], &block) unless @skip_blanks
+            emit_row([], [], &block) unless @skip_blanks
           else
             row << value
-            emit_row(row, &block)
+            quoted_fields << @quoted_column_value
+            emit_row(row, quoted_fields, &block)
             row = []
+            quoted_fields = []
           end
           skip_needless_lines
           start_row
         elsif @scanner.eos?
           break if row.empty? and value.nil?
           row << value
-          emit_row(row, &block)
+          quoted_fields << @quoted_column_value
+          emit_row(row, quoted_fields, &block)
           break
         else
           if @quoted_column_value
+            if liberal_parsing? and (new_line = @scanner.check(@line_end))
+              message =
+                "Illegal end-of-line sequence outside of a quoted field " +
+                "<#{new_line.inspect}>"
+            else
+              message = "Any value after quoted field isn't allowed"
+            end
             ignore_broken_line
-            message = "Any value after quoted field isn't allowed"
             raise MalformedCSVError.new(message, @lineno)
           elsif @unquoted_column_value and
                 (new_line = @scanner.scan(@line_end))
@@ -1034,7 +1155,7 @@ class CSV
       if (n_quotes % 2).zero?
         quotes[0, (n_quotes - 2) / 2]
       else
-        value = quotes[0, (n_quotes - 1) / 2]
+        value = quotes[0, n_quotes / 2]
         while true
           quoted_value = @scanner.scan_all(@quoted_value)
           value << quoted_value if quoted_value
@@ -1058,11 +1179,9 @@ class CSV
           n_quotes = quotes.size
           if n_quotes == 1
             break
-          elsif (n_quotes % 2) == 1
-            value << quotes[0, (n_quotes - 1) / 2]
-            break
           else
             value << quotes[0, n_quotes / 2]
+            break if (n_quotes % 2) == 1
           end
         end
         value
@@ -1098,18 +1217,15 @@ class CSV
 
     def strip_value(value)
       return value unless @strip
-      return nil if value.nil?
+      return value if value.nil?
 
       case @strip
       when String
-        size = value.size
-        while value.start_with?(@strip)
-          size -= 1
-          value = value[1, size]
+        while value.delete_prefix!(@strip)
+          # do nothing
         end
-        while value.end_with?(@strip)
-          size -= 1
-          value = value[0, size]
+        while value.delete_suffix!(@strip)
+          # do nothing
         end
       else
         value.strip!
@@ -1132,22 +1248,22 @@ class CSV
       @scanner.keep_start
     end
 
-    def emit_row(row, &block)
+    def emit_row(row, quoted_fields, &block)
       @lineno += 1
 
       raw_row = row
       if @use_headers
         if @headers.nil?
-          @headers = adjust_headers(row)
+          @headers = adjust_headers(row, quoted_fields)
           return unless @return_headers
           row = Row.new(@headers, row, true)
         else
           row = Row.new(@headers,
-                        @fields_converter.convert(raw_row, @headers, @lineno))
+                        @fields_converter.convert(raw_row, @headers, @lineno, quoted_fields))
         end
       else
         # convert fields, if needed...
-        row = @fields_converter.convert(raw_row, nil, @lineno)
+        row = @fields_converter.convert(raw_row, nil, @lineno, quoted_fields)
       end
 
       # inject unconverted fields and accessor, if requested...
diff --git a/lib/csv/row.rb b/lib/csv/row.rb
index 0f465ea2a3..86323f7d0a 100644
--- a/lib/csv/row.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/row.rb
@@ -3,30 +3,105 @@
 require "forwardable"
 
 class CSV
+  # = \CSV::Row
+  # A \CSV::Row instance represents a \CSV table row.
+  # (see {class CSV}[../CSV.html]).
   #
-  # A CSV::Row is part Array and part Hash. It retains an order for the fields
-  # and allows duplicates just as an Array would, but also allows you to access
-  # fields by name just as you could if they were in a Hash.
+  # The instance may have:
+  # - Fields: each is an object, not necessarily a \String.
+  # - Headers: each serves a key, and also need not be a \String.
   #
-  # All rows returned by CSV will be constructed from this class, if header row
-  # processing is activated.
+  # === Instance Methods
+  #
+  # \CSV::Row has three groups of instance methods:
+  # - Its own internally defined instance methods.
+  # - Methods included by module Enumerable.
+  # - Methods delegated to class Array.:
+  #   * Array#empty?
+  #   * Array#length
+  #   * Array#size
+  #
+  # == Creating a \CSV::Row Instance
+  #
+  # Commonly, a new \CSV::Row instance is created by parsing \CSV source
+  # that has headers:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   table.each {|row| p row }
+  # Output:
+  #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":"0">
+  #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
+  #   #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">
+  #
+  # You can also create a row directly. See ::new.
+  #
+  # == Headers
+  #
+  # Like a \CSV::Table, a \CSV::Row has headers.
+  #
+  # A \CSV::Row that was created by parsing \CSV source
+  # inherits its headers from the table:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   row = table.first
+  #   row.headers # => ["Name", "Value"]
+  #
+  # You can also create a new row with headers;
+  # like the keys in a \Hash, the headers need not be Strings:
+  #   row = CSV::Row.new([:name, :value], ['foo', 0])
+  #   row.headers # => [:name, :value]
+  #
+  # The new row retains its headers even if added to a table
+  # that has headers:
+  #   table << row # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:5>
+  #   row.headers # => [:name, :value]
+  #   row[:name] # => "foo"
+  #   row['Name'] # => nil
+  #
+  #
+  #
+  # == Accessing Fields
+  #
+  # You may access a field in a \CSV::Row with either its \Integer index
+  # (\Array-style) or its header (\Hash-style).
+  #
+  # Fetch a field using method #[]:
+  #   row = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['foo', 0])
+  #   row[1] # => 0
+  #   row['Value'] # => 0
+  #
+  # Set a field using method #[]=:
+  #   row = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['foo', 0])
+  #   row # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":0>
+  #   row[0] = 'bar'
+  #   row['Value'] = 1
+  #   row # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":1>
   #
   class Row
-    #
-    # Constructs a new CSV::Row from +headers+ and +fields+, which are expected
-    # to be Arrays. If one Array is shorter than the other, it will be padded
-    # with +nil+ objects.
-    #
-    # The optional +header_row+ parameter can be set to +true+ to indicate, via
-    # CSV::Row.header_row?() and CSV::Row.field_row?(), that this is a header
-    # row. Otherwise, the row assumes to be a field row.
-    #
-    # A CSV::Row object supports the following Array methods through delegation:
-    #
-    # * empty?()
-    # * length()
-    # * size()
-    #
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   CSV::Row.new(headers, fields, header_row = false) -> csv_row
+    #
+    # Returns the new \CSV::Row instance constructed from
+    # arguments +headers+ and +fields+; both should be Arrays;
+    # note that the fields need not be Strings:
+    #   row = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['foo', 0])
+    #   row # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":0>
+    #
+    # If the \Array lengths are different, the shorter is +nil+-filled:
+    #   row = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value', 'Date', 'Size'], ['foo', 0])
+    #   row # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":0 "Date":nil "Size":nil>
+    #
+    # Each \CSV::Row object is either a <i>field row</i> or a <i>header row</i>;
+    # by default, a new row is a field row;  for the row created above:
+    #   row.field_row? # => true
+    #   row.header_row? # => false
+    #
+    # If the optional argument +header_row+ is given as +true+,
+    # the created row is a header row:
+    #   row = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['foo', 0], header_row = true)
+    #   row # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Value":0>
+    #   row.field_row? # => false
+    #   row.header_row? # => true
     def initialize(headers, fields, header_row = false)
       @header_row = header_row
       headers.each { |h| h.freeze if h.is_a? String }
@@ -48,6 +123,10 @@ class CSV
     extend Forwardable
     def_delegators :@row, :empty?, :length, :size
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   row.initialize_copy(other_row) -> self
+    #
+    # Calls superclass method.
     def initialize_copy(other)
       super_return_value = super
       @row = @row.collect(&:dup)
@@ -71,7 +150,7 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #    row.headers
+    #    row.headers -> array_of_headers
     #
     # Returns the headers for this row:
     #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
@@ -83,9 +162,9 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   field(index)
-    #   field(header)
-    #   field(header, offset)
+    #   field(index) -> value
+    #   field(header) -> value
+    #   field(header, offset) -> value
     #
     # Returns the field value for the given +index+ or +header+.
     #
@@ -137,9 +216,9 @@ class CSV
 
     #
     # :call-seq:
-    #   fetch(header)
-    #   fetch(header, default)
-    #   fetch(header) {|row| ... }
+    #   fetch(header) -> value
+    #   fetch(header, default) -> value
+    #   fetch(header) {|row| ... } -> value
     #
     # Returns the field value as specified by +header+.
     #
@@ -193,7 +272,7 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   row.has_key?(header)
+    #   row.has_key?(header) -> true or false
     #
     # Returns +true+ if there is a field with the given +header+,
     # +false+ otherwise.
@@ -320,7 +399,7 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   row.push(*values) ->self
+    #   row.push(*values) -> self
     #
     # Appends each of the given +values+ to +self+ as a field; returns +self+:
     #   source = "Name,Name,Name\nFoo,Bar,Baz\n"
@@ -403,7 +482,7 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   self.fields(*specifiers)
+    #   self.fields(*specifiers) -> array_of_fields
     #
     # Returns field values per the given +specifiers+, which may be any mixture of:
     # - \Integer index.
@@ -471,15 +550,26 @@ class CSV
     end
     alias_method :values_at, :fields
 
-    #
     # :call-seq:
-    #   index( header )
-    #   index( header, offset )
+    #   index(header) -> index
+    #   index(header, offset) -> index
     #
-    # This method will return the index of a field with the provided +header+.
-    # The +offset+ can be used to locate duplicate header names, as described in
-    # CSV::Row.field().
+    # Returns the index for the given header, if it exists;
+    # otherwise returns +nil+.
     #
+    # With the single argument +header+, returns the index
+    # of the first-found field with the given +header+:
+    #   source = "Name,Name,Name\nFoo,Bar,Baz\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   row = table[0]
+    #   row.index('Name') # => 0
+    #   row.index('NAME') # => nil
+    #
+    # With arguments +header+ and +offset+,
+    # returns the index of the first-found field with given +header+,
+    # but ignoring the first +offset+ fields:
+    #   row.index('Name', 1) # => 1
+    #   row.index('Name', 3) # => nil
     def index(header, minimum_index = 0)
       # find the pair
       index = headers[minimum_index..-1].index(header)
@@ -487,24 +577,36 @@ class CSV
       index.nil? ? nil : index + minimum_index
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   row.field?(value) -> true or false
     #
-    # Returns +true+ if +data+ matches a field in this row, and +false+
-    # otherwise.
-    #
+    # Returns +true+ if +value+ is a field in this row, +false+ otherwise:
+    #   source = "Name,Name,Name\nFoo,Bar,Baz\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   row = table[0]
+    #   row.field?('Bar') # => true
+    #   row.field?('BAR') # => false
     def field?(data)
       fields.include? data
     end
 
     include Enumerable
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   row.each {|header, value| ... } -> self
     #
-    # Yields each pair of the row as header and field tuples (much like
-    # iterating over a Hash). This method returns the row for chaining.
-    #
-    # If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned.
-    #
-    # Support for Enumerable.
+    # Calls the block with each header-value pair; returns +self+:
+    #   source = "Name,Name,Name\nFoo,Bar,Baz\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   row = table[0]
+    #   row.each {|header, value| p [header, value] }
+    # Output:
+    #   ["Name", "Foo"]
+    #   ["Name", "Bar"]
+    #   ["Name", "Baz"]
     #
+    # If no block is given, returns a new Enumerator:
+    #   row.each # => #<Enumerator: #<CSV::Row "Name":"Foo" "Name":"Bar" "Name":"Baz">:each>
     def each(&block)
       return enum_for(__method__) { size } unless block_given?
 
@@ -515,10 +617,19 @@ class CSV
 
     alias_method :each_pair, :each
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   row == other -> true or false
     #
-    # Returns +true+ if this row contains the same headers and fields in the
-    # same order as +other+.
-    #
+    # Returns +true+ if +other+ is a /CSV::Row that has the same
+    # fields (headers and values) in the same order as +self+;
+    # otherwise returns +false+:
+    #   source = "Name,Name,Name\nFoo,Bar,Baz\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   row = table[0]
+    #   other_row = table[0]
+    #   row == other_row # => true
+    #   other_row = table[1]
+    #   row == other_row # => false
     def ==(other)
       return @row == other.row if other.is_a? CSV::Row
       @row == other
@@ -548,9 +659,31 @@ class CSV
     end
     alias_method :to_hash, :to_h
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   row.deconstruct_keys(keys) -> hash
+    #
+    # Returns the new \Hash suitable for pattern matching containing only the
+    # keys specified as an argument.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      if keys.nil?
+        to_h
+      else
+        keys.to_h { |key| [key, self[key]] }
+      end
+    end
+
     alias_method :to_ary, :to_a
 
     # :call-seq:
+    #   row.deconstruct -> array
+    #
+    # Returns the new \Array suitable for pattern matching containing the values
+    # of the row.
+    def deconstruct
+      fields
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
     #   row.to_csv -> csv_string
     #
     # Returns the row as a \CSV String. Headers are not included:
@@ -570,7 +703,7 @@ class CSV
     # by +index_or_header+ and +specifiers+.
     #
     # The nested objects may be instances of various classes.
-    # See {Dig Methods}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/doc/dig_methods_rdoc.html].
+    # See {Dig Methods}[rdoc-ref:dig_methods.rdoc].
     #
     # Examples:
     #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
diff --git a/lib/csv/table.rb b/lib/csv/table.rb
index 1ce0dd6daf..fb19f5453f 100644
--- a/lib/csv/table.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/table.rb
@@ -3,31 +3,199 @@
 require "forwardable"
 
 class CSV
+  # = \CSV::Table
+  # A \CSV::Table instance represents \CSV data.
+  # (see {class CSV}[../CSV.html]).
   #
-  # A CSV::Table is a two-dimensional data structure for representing CSV
-  # documents. Tables allow you to work with the data by row or column,
-  # manipulate the data, and even convert the results back to CSV, if needed.
+  # The instance may have:
+  # - Rows: each is a Table::Row object.
+  # - Headers: names for the columns.
   #
-  # All tables returned by CSV will be constructed from this class, if header
-  # row processing is activated.
+  # === Instance Methods
   #
+  # \CSV::Table has three groups of instance methods:
+  # - Its own internally defined instance methods.
+  # - Methods included by module Enumerable.
+  # - Methods delegated to class Array.:
+  #   * Array#empty?
+  #   * Array#length
+  #   * Array#size
+  #
+  # == Creating a \CSV::Table Instance
+  #
+  # Commonly, a new \CSV::Table instance is created by parsing \CSV source
+  # using headers:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   table.class # => CSV::Table
+  #
+  # You can also create an instance directly. See ::new.
+  #
+  # == Headers
+  #
+  # If a table has headers, the headers serve as labels for the columns of data.
+  # Each header serves as the label for its column.
+  #
+  # The headers for a \CSV::Table object are stored as an \Array of Strings.
+  #
+  # Commonly, headers are defined in the first row of \CSV source:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   table.headers # => ["Name", "Value"]
+  #
+  # If no headers are defined, the \Array is empty:
+  #   table = CSV::Table.new([])
+  #   table.headers # => []
+  #
+  # == Access Modes
+  #
+  # \CSV::Table provides three modes for accessing table data:
+  # - \Row mode.
+  # - Column mode.
+  # - Mixed mode (the default for a new table).
+  #
+  # The access mode for a\CSV::Table instance affects the behavior
+  # of some of its instance methods:
+  # - #[]
+  # - #[]=
+  # - #delete
+  # - #delete_if
+  # - #each
+  # - #values_at
+  #
+  # === \Row Mode
+  #
+  # Set a table to row mode with method #by_row!:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
+  #
+  # Specify a single row by an \Integer index:
+  #   # Get a row.
+  #   table[1] # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
+  #   # Set a row, then get it.
+  #   table[1] = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bam', 3])
+  #   table[1] # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bam" "Value":3>
+  #
+  # Specify a sequence of rows by a \Range:
+  #   # Get rows.
+  #   table[1..2] # => [#<CSV::Row "Name":"bam" "Value":3>, #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">]
+  #   # Set rows, then get them.
+  #   table[1..2] = [
+  #     CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bat', 4]),
+  #     CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bad', 5]),
+  #   ]
+  #   table[1..2] # => [["Name", #<CSV::Row "Name":"bat" "Value":4>], ["Value", #<CSV::Row "Name":"bad" "Value":5>]]
+  #
+  # === Column Mode
+  #
+  # Set a table to column mode with method #by_col!:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
+  #
+  # Specify a column by an \Integer index:
+  #   # Get a column.
+  #   table[0]
+  #   # Set a column, then get it.
+  #   table[0] = ['FOO', 'BAR', 'BAZ']
+  #   table[0] # => ["FOO", "BAR", "BAZ"]
+  #
+  # Specify a column by its \String header:
+  #   # Get a column.
+  #   table['Name'] # => ["FOO", "BAR", "BAZ"]
+  #   # Set a column, then get it.
+  #   table['Name'] = ['Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz']
+  #   table['Name'] # => ["Foo", "Bar", "Baz"]
+  #
+  # === Mixed Mode
+  #
+  # In mixed mode, you can refer to either rows or columns:
+  # - An \Integer index refers to a row.
+  # - A \Range index refers to multiple rows.
+  # - A \String index refers to a column.
+  #
+  # Set a table to mixed mode with method #by_col_or_row!:
+  #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+  #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+  #   table.by_col_or_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+  #
+  # Specify a single row by an \Integer index:
+  #   # Get a row.
+  #   table[1] # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
+  #   # Set a row, then get it.
+  #   table[1] = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bam', 3])
+  #   table[1] # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bam" "Value":3>
+  #
+  # Specify a sequence of rows by a \Range:
+  #   # Get rows.
+  #   table[1..2] # => [#<CSV::Row "Name":"bam" "Value":3>, #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">]
+  #   # Set rows, then get them.
+  #   table[1] = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bat', 4])
+  #   table[2] = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bad', 5])
+  #   table[1..2] # => [["Name", #<CSV::Row "Name":"bat" "Value":4>], ["Value", #<CSV::Row "Name":"bad" "Value":5>]]
+  #
+  # Specify a column by its \String header:
+  #   # Get a column.
+  #   table['Name'] # => ["foo", "bat", "bad"]
+  #   # Set a column, then get it.
+  #   table['Name'] = ['Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz']
+  #   table['Name'] # => ["Foo", "Bar", "Baz"]
   class Table
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   CSV::Table.new(array_of_rows, headers = nil) -> csv_table
+    #
+    # Returns a new \CSV::Table object.
+    #
+    # - Argument +array_of_rows+ must be an \Array of CSV::Row objects.
+    # - Argument +headers+, if given, may be an \Array of Strings.
+    #
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Create an empty \CSV::Table object:
+    #   table = CSV::Table.new([])
+    #   table # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:1>
+    #
+    # Create a non-empty \CSV::Table object:
+    #   rows = [
+    #     CSV::Row.new([], []),
+    #     CSV::Row.new([], []),
+    #     CSV::Row.new([], []),
+    #   ]
+    #   table  = CSV::Table.new(rows)
+    #   table # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+    #
+    # ---
     #
-    # Constructs a new CSV::Table from +array_of_rows+, which are expected
-    # to be CSV::Row objects. All rows are assumed to have the same headers.
+    # If argument +headers+ is an \Array of Strings,
+    # those Strings become the table's headers:
+    #   table = CSV::Table.new([], headers: ['Name', 'Age'])
+    #   table.headers # => ["Name", "Age"]
     #
-    # The optional +headers+ parameter can be set to Array of headers.
-    # If headers aren't set, headers are fetched from CSV::Row objects.
-    # Otherwise, headers() method will return headers being set in
-    # headers argument.
+    # If argument +headers+ is not given and the table has rows,
+    # the headers are taken from the first row:
+    #   rows = [
+    #     CSV::Row.new(['Foo', 'Bar'], []),
+    #     CSV::Row.new(['foo', 'bar'], []),
+    #     CSV::Row.new(['FOO', 'BAR'], []),
+    #   ]
+    #   table  = CSV::Table.new(rows)
+    #   table.headers # => ["Foo", "Bar"]
     #
-    # A CSV::Table object supports the following Array methods through
-    # delegation:
+    # If argument +headers+ is not given and the table is empty (has no rows),
+    # the headers are also empty:
+    #   table  = CSV::Table.new([])
+    #   table.headers # => []
     #
-    # * empty?()
-    # * length()
-    # * size()
+    # ---
     #
+    # Raises an exception if argument +array_of_rows+ is not an \Array object:
+    #   # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `first' for :foo:Symbol):
+    #   CSV::Table.new(:foo)
+    #
+    # Raises an exception if an element of +array_of_rows+ is not a \CSV::Table object:
+    #   # Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `headers' for :foo:Symbol):
+    #   CSV::Table.new([:foo])
     def initialize(array_of_rows, headers: nil)
       @table = array_of_rows
       @headers = headers
@@ -54,88 +222,141 @@ class CSV
     extend Forwardable
     def_delegators :@table, :empty?, :length, :size
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.by_col -> table_dup
     #
-    # Returns a duplicate table object, in column mode. This is handy for
-    # chaining in a single call without changing the table mode, but be aware
-    # that this method can consume a fair amount of memory for bigger data sets.
+    # Returns a duplicate of +self+, in column mode
+    # (see {Column Mode}[#class-CSV::Table-label-Column+Mode]):
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.mode # => :col_or_row
+    #   dup_table = table.by_col
+    #   dup_table.mode # => :col
+    #   dup_table.equal?(table) # => false # It's a dup
     #
-    # This method returns the duplicate table for chaining. Don't chain
-    # destructive methods (like []=()) this way though, since you are working
-    # with a duplicate.
+    # This may be used to chain method calls without changing the mode
+    # (but also will affect performance and memory usage):
+    #   dup_table.by_col['Name']
     #
+    # Also note that changes to the duplicate table will not affect the original.
     def by_col
       self.class.new(@table.dup).by_col!
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.by_col! -> self
     #
-    # Switches the mode of this table to column mode. All calls to indexing and
-    # iteration methods will work with columns until the mode is changed again.
-    #
-    # This method returns the table and is safe to chain.
-    #
+    # Sets the mode for +self+ to column mode
+    # (see {Column Mode}[#class-CSV::Table-label-Column+Mode]); returns +self+:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.mode # => :col_or_row
+    #   table1 = table.by_col!
+    #   table.mode # => :col
+    #   table1.equal?(table) # => true # Returned self
     def by_col!
       @mode = :col
 
       self
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.by_col_or_row -> table_dup
     #
-    # Returns a duplicate table object, in mixed mode. This is handy for
-    # chaining in a single call without changing the table mode, but be aware
-    # that this method can consume a fair amount of memory for bigger data sets.
+    # Returns a duplicate of +self+, in mixed mode
+    # (see {Mixed Mode}[#class-CSV::Table-label-Mixed+Mode]):
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true).by_col!
+    #   table.mode # => :col
+    #   dup_table = table.by_col_or_row
+    #   dup_table.mode # => :col_or_row
+    #   dup_table.equal?(table) # => false # It's a dup
     #
-    # This method returns the duplicate table for chaining.  Don't chain
-    # destructive methods (like []=()) this way though, since you are working
-    # with a duplicate.
+    # This may be used to chain method calls without changing the mode
+    # (but also will affect performance and memory usage):
+    #   dup_table.by_col_or_row['Name']
     #
+    # Also note that changes to the duplicate table will not affect the original.
     def by_col_or_row
       self.class.new(@table.dup).by_col_or_row!
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.by_col_or_row! -> self
     #
-    # Switches the mode of this table to mixed mode. All calls to indexing and
-    # iteration methods will use the default intelligent indexing system until
-    # the mode is changed again. In mixed mode an index is assumed to be a row
-    # reference while anything else is assumed to be column access by headers.
-    #
-    # This method returns the table and is safe to chain.
-    #
+    # Sets the mode for +self+ to mixed mode
+    # (see {Mixed Mode}[#class-CSV::Table-label-Mixed+Mode]); returns +self+:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true).by_col!
+    #   table.mode # => :col
+    #   table1 = table.by_col_or_row!
+    #   table.mode # => :col_or_row
+    #   table1.equal?(table) # => true # Returned self
     def by_col_or_row!
       @mode = :col_or_row
 
       self
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.by_row -> table_dup
     #
-    # Returns a duplicate table object, in row mode.  This is handy for chaining
-    # in a single call without changing the table mode, but be aware that this
-    # method can consume a fair amount of memory for bigger data sets.
+    # Returns a duplicate of +self+, in row mode
+    # (see {Row Mode}[#class-CSV::Table-label-Row+Mode]):
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.mode # => :col_or_row
+    #   dup_table = table.by_row
+    #   dup_table.mode # => :row
+    #   dup_table.equal?(table) # => false # It's a dup
     #
-    # This method returns the duplicate table for chaining.  Don't chain
-    # destructive methods (like []=()) this way though, since you are working
-    # with a duplicate.
+    # This may be used to chain method calls without changing the mode
+    # (but also will affect performance and memory usage):
+    #   dup_table.by_row[1]
     #
+    # Also note that changes to the duplicate table will not affect the original.
     def by_row
       self.class.new(@table.dup).by_row!
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.by_row! -> self
     #
-    # Switches the mode of this table to row mode. All calls to indexing and
-    # iteration methods will work with rows until the mode is changed again.
-    #
-    # This method returns the table and is safe to chain.
-    #
+    # Sets the mode for +self+ to row mode
+    # (see {Row Mode}[#class-CSV::Table-label-Row+Mode]); returns +self+:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.mode # => :col_or_row
+    #   table1 = table.by_row!
+    #   table.mode # => :row
+    #   table1.equal?(table) # => true # Returned self
     def by_row!
       @mode = :row
 
       self
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.headers -> array_of_headers
     #
-    # Returns the headers for the first row of this table (assumed to match all
-    # other rows). The headers Array passed to CSV::Table.new is returned for
-    # empty tables.
+    # Returns a new \Array containing the \String headers for the table.
     #
+    # If the table is not empty, returns the headers from the first row:
+    #   rows = [
+    #     CSV::Row.new(['Foo', 'Bar'], []),
+    #     CSV::Row.new(['FOO', 'BAR'], []),
+    #     CSV::Row.new(['foo', 'bar'], []),
+    #   ]
+    #   table  = CSV::Table.new(rows)
+    #   table.headers # => ["Foo", "Bar"]
+    #   table.delete(0)
+    #   table.headers # => ["FOO", "BAR"]
+    #   table.delete(0)
+    #   table.headers # => ["foo", "bar"]
+    #
+    # If the table is empty, returns a copy of the headers in the table itself:
+    #   table.delete(0)
+    #   table.headers # => ["Foo", "Bar"]
     def headers
       if @table.empty?
         @headers.dup
@@ -145,17 +366,21 @@ class CSV
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   table[n] -> row
-    #   table[range] -> array_of_rows
-    #   table[header] -> array_of_fields
+    #   table[n] -> row or column_data
+    #   table[range] -> array_of_rows or array_of_column_data
+    #   table[header] -> array_of_column_data
     #
     # Returns data from the table;  does not modify the table.
     #
     # ---
     #
-    # The expression <tt>table[n]</tt>, where +n+ is a non-negative \Integer,
-    # returns the +n+th row of the table, if that row exists,
-    # and if the access mode is <tt>:row</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>:
+    # Fetch a \Row by Its \Integer Index::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[n]</tt>, +n+ an integer.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:row</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>.
+    # - Return value: _nth_ row of the table, if that row exists;
+    #   otherwise +nil+.
+    #
+    # Returns the _nth_ row of the table if that row exists:
     #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
     #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
     #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
@@ -168,20 +393,45 @@ class CSV
     #
     # Returns +nil+ if +n+ is too large or too small:
     #   table[4] # => nil
-    #   table[-4] => nil
+    #   table[-4] # => nil
     #
     # Raises an exception if the access mode is <tt>:row</tt>
-    # and +n+ is not an
-    # {Integer-convertible object}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/implicit_conversion_rdoc.html#label-Integer-Convertible+Objects].
+    # and +n+ is not an \Integer:
     #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
     #   # Raises TypeError (no implicit conversion of String into Integer):
     #   table['Name']
     #
     # ---
     #
-    # The expression <tt>table[range]</tt>, where +range+ is a Range object,
-    # returns rows from the table, beginning at row <tt>range.first</tt>,
-    # if those rows exist, and if the access mode is <tt>:row</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>:
+    # Fetch a Column by Its \Integer Index::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[n]</tt>, +n+ an \Integer.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:col</tt>.
+    # - Return value: _nth_ column of the table, if that column exists;
+    #   otherwise an \Array of +nil+ fields of length <tt>self.size</tt>.
+    #
+    # Returns the _nth_ column of the table if that column exists:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
+    #   table[1] # => ["0", "1", "2"]
+    #
+    # Counts backward from the last column if +n+ is negative:
+    #   table[-2] # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
+    #
+    # Returns an \Array of +nil+ fields if +n+ is too large or too small:
+    #   table[4] # => [nil, nil, nil]
+    #   table[-4] # => [nil, nil, nil]
+    #
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Fetch Rows by \Range::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[range]</tt>, +range+ a \Range object.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:row</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>.
+    # - Return value: rows from the table, beginning at row <tt>range.start</tt>,
+    #   if those rows exists.
+    #
+    # Returns rows from the table, beginning at row <tt>range.first</tt>,
+    # if those rows exist:
     #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
     #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
     #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
@@ -191,11 +441,11 @@ class CSV
     #   rows = table[1..2] # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
     #   rows # => [#<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">, #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">]
     #
-    # If there are too few rows, returns all from <tt>range.first</tt> to the end:
+    # If there are too few rows, returns all from <tt>range.start</tt> to the end:
     #   rows = table[1..50] # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">
     #   rows # => [#<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Value":"1">, #<CSV::Row "Name":"baz" "Value":"2">]
     #
-    # Special case:  if <tt>range.start == table.size</tt>, returns an empty \Array:
+    # Special case: if <tt>range.start == table.size</tt>, returns an empty \Array:
     #   table[table.size..50] # => []
     #
     # If <tt>range.end</tt> is negative, calculates the ending index from the end:
@@ -211,9 +461,41 @@ class CSV
     #
     # ---
     #
-    # The expression <tt>table[header]</tt>, where +header+ is a \String,
-    # returns column values (\Array of \Strings) if the column exists
-    # and if the access mode is <tt>:col</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>:
+    # Fetch Columns by \Range::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[range]</tt>, +range+ a \Range object.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:col</tt>.
+    # - Return value: column data from the table, beginning at column <tt>range.start</tt>,
+    #   if those columns exist.
+    #
+    # Returns column values from the table, if the column exists;
+    # the values are arranged by row:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.by_col!
+    #   table[0..1] # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
+    #
+    # Special case: if <tt>range.start == headers.size</tt>,
+    # returns an \Array (size: <tt>table.size</tt>) of empty \Arrays:
+    #   table[table.headers.size..50] # => [[], [], []]
+    #
+    # If <tt>range.end</tt> is negative, calculates the ending index from the end:
+    #   table[0..-1] # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
+    #
+    # If <tt>range.start</tt> is negative, calculates the starting index from the end:
+    #   table[-2..2] # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
+    #
+    # If <tt>range.start</tt> is larger than <tt>table.size</tt>,
+    # returns an \Array of +nil+ values:
+    #   table[4..4] # => [nil, nil, nil]
+    #
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Fetch a Column by Its \String Header::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[header]</tt>, +header+ a \String header.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:col</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>
+    # - Return value: column data from the table, if that +header+ exists.
+    #
+    # Returns column values from the table, if the column exists:
     #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
     #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
     #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
@@ -238,22 +520,132 @@ class CSV
       end
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table[n] = row -> row
+    #   table[n] = field_or_array_of_fields -> field_or_array_of_fields
+    #   table[header] = field_or_array_of_fields -> field_or_array_of_fields
     #
-    # In the default mixed mode, this method assigns rows for index access and
-    # columns for header access. You can force the index association by first
-    # calling by_col!() or by_row!().
+    # Puts data onto the table.
     #
-    # Rows may be set to an Array of values (which will inherit the table's
-    # headers()) or a CSV::Row.
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Set a \Row by Its \Integer Index::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[n] = row</tt>, +n+ an \Integer,
+    #   +row+ a \CSV::Row instance or an \Array of fields.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:row</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>.
+    # - Return value: +row+.
+    #
+    # If the row exists, it is replaced:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   new_row = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bat', 3])
+    #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
+    #   return_value = table[0] = new_row
+    #   return_value.equal?(new_row) # => true # Returned the row
+    #   table[0].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bat", "Value"=>3}
+    #
+    # With access mode <tt>:col_or_row</tt>:
+    #   table.by_col_or_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>
+    #   table[0] = CSV::Row.new(['Name', 'Value'], ['bam', 4])
+    #   table[0].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bam", "Value"=>4}
+    #
+    # With an \Array instead of a \CSV::Row, inherits headers from the table:
+    #   array = ['bad', 5]
+    #   return_value = table[0] = array
+    #   return_value.equal?(array) # => true # Returned the array
+    #   table[0].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bad", "Value"=>5}
     #
-    # Columns may be set to a single value, which is copied to each row of the
-    # column, or an Array of values. Arrays of values are assigned to rows top
-    # to bottom in row major order. Excess values are ignored and if the Array
-    # does not have a value for each row the extra rows will receive a +nil+.
+    # If the row does not exist, extends the table by adding rows:
+    # assigns rows with +nil+ as needed:
+    #   table.size # => 3
+    #   table[5] = ['bag', 6]
+    #   table.size # => 6
+    #   table[3] # => nil
+    #   table[4]# => nil
+    #   table[5].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bag", "Value"=>6}
+    #
+    # Note that the +nil+ rows are actually +nil+, not a row of +nil+ fields.
     #
-    # Assigning to an existing column or row clobbers the data. Assigning to
-    # new columns creates them at the right end of the table.
+    # ---
     #
+    # Set a Column by Its \Integer Index::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[n] = array_of_fields</tt>, +n+ an \Integer,
+    #   +array_of_fields+ an \Array of \String fields.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:col</tt>.
+    # - Return value: +array_of_fields+.
+    #
+    # If the column exists, it is replaced:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   new_col = [3, 4, 5]
+    #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
+    #   return_value = table[1] = new_col
+    #   return_value.equal?(new_col) # => true # Returned the column
+    #   table[1] # => [3, 4, 5]
+    #   # The rows, as revised:
+    #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
+    #   table[0].to_h # => {"Name"=>"foo", "Value"=>3}
+    #   table[1].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bar", "Value"=>4}
+    #   table[2].to_h # => {"Name"=>"baz", "Value"=>5}
+    #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
+    #
+    # If there are too few values, fills with +nil+ values:
+    #   table[1] = [0]
+    #   table[1] # => [0, nil, nil]
+    #
+    # If there are too many values, ignores the extra values:
+    #   table[1] = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+    #   table[1] # => [0, 1, 2]
+    #
+    # If a single value is given, replaces all fields in the column with that value:
+    #   table[1] = 'bat'
+    #   table[1] # => ["bat", "bat", "bat"]
+    #
+    # ---
+    #
+    # Set a Column by Its \String Header::
+    # - Form: <tt>table[header] = field_or_array_of_fields</tt>,
+    #   +header+ a \String header, +field_or_array_of_fields+ a field value
+    #   or an \Array of \String fields.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:col</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>.
+    # - Return value: +field_or_array_of_fields+.
+    #
+    # If the column exists, it is replaced:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   new_col = [3, 4, 5]
+    #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
+    #   return_value = table['Value'] = new_col
+    #   return_value.equal?(new_col) # => true # Returned the column
+    #   table['Value'] # => [3, 4, 5]
+    #   # The rows, as revised:
+    #   table.by_row! # => #<CSV::Table mode:row row_count:4>
+    #   table[0].to_h # => {"Name"=>"foo", "Value"=>3}
+    #   table[1].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bar", "Value"=>4}
+    #   table[2].to_h # => {"Name"=>"baz", "Value"=>5}
+    #   table.by_col! # => #<CSV::Table mode:col row_count:4>
+    #
+    # If there are too few values, fills with +nil+ values:
+    #   table['Value'] = [0]
+    #   table['Value'] # => [0, nil, nil]
+    #
+    # If there are too many values, ignores the extra values:
+    #   table['Value'] = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+    #   table['Value'] # => [0, 1, 2]
+    #
+    # If the column does not exist, extends the table by adding columns:
+    #   table['Note'] = ['x', 'y', 'z']
+    #   table['Note'] # => ["x", "y", "z"]
+    #   # The rows, as revised:
+    #   table.by_row!
+    #   table[0].to_h # => {"Name"=>"foo", "Value"=>0, "Note"=>"x"}
+    #   table[1].to_h # => {"Name"=>"bar", "Value"=>1, "Note"=>"y"}
+    #   table[2].to_h # => {"Name"=>"baz", "Value"=>2, "Note"=>"z"}
+    #   table.by_col!
+    #
+    # If a single value is given, replaces all fields in the column with that value:
+    #   table['Value'] = 'bat'
+    #   table['Value'] # => ["bat", "bat", "bat"]
     def []=(index_or_header, value)
       if @mode == :row or  # by index
          (@mode == :col_or_row and index_or_header.is_a? Integer)
@@ -463,6 +855,9 @@ class CSV
       end
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.delete_if {|row_or_column| ... } -> self
+    #
     # Removes rows or columns for which the block returns a truthy value;
     # returns +self+.
     #
@@ -495,9 +890,8 @@ class CSV
       if @mode == :row or @mode == :col_or_row  # by index
         @table.delete_if(&block)
       else                                      # by header
-        deleted = []
         headers.each do |header|
-          deleted << delete(header) if yield([header, self[header]])
+          delete(header) if yield([header, self[header]])
         end
       end
 
@@ -506,6 +900,9 @@ class CSV
 
     include Enumerable
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #  table.each {|row_or_column| ... ) -> self
+    #
     # Calls the block with each row or column; returns +self+.
     #
     # When the access mode is <tt>:row</tt> or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>,
@@ -534,7 +931,9 @@ class CSV
       return enum_for(__method__) { @mode == :col ? headers.size : size } unless block_given?
 
       if @mode == :col
-        headers.each { |header| yield([header, self[header]]) }
+        headers.each.with_index do |header, i|
+          yield([header, @table.map {|row| row[header, i]}])
+        end
       else
         @table.each(&block)
       end
@@ -542,6 +941,9 @@ class CSV
       self # for chaining
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table == other_table -> true or false
+    #
     # Returns +true+ if all each row of +self+ <tt>==</tt>
     # the corresponding row of +other_table+, otherwise, +false+.
     #
@@ -565,10 +967,14 @@ class CSV
       @table == other
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.to_a -> array_of_arrays
     #
-    # Returns the table as an Array of Arrays. Headers will be the first row,
-    # then all of the field rows will follow.
-    #
+    # Returns the table as an \Array of \Arrays;
+    # the headers are in the first row:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.to_a # => [["Name", "Value"], ["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
     def to_a
       array = [headers]
       @table.each do |row|
@@ -578,16 +984,29 @@ class CSV
       array
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.to_csv(**options) -> csv_string
     #
-    # Returns the table as a complete CSV String. Headers will be listed first,
-    # then all of the field rows.
+    # Returns the table as \CSV string.
+    # See {Options for Generating}[../CSV.html#class-CSV-label-Options+for+Generating].
     #
-    # This method assumes you want the Table.headers(), unless you explicitly
-    # pass <tt>:write_headers => false</tt>.
+    # Defaults option +write_headers+ to +true+:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.to_csv # => "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
     #
-    def to_csv(write_headers: true, **options)
+    # Omits the headers if option +write_headers+ is given as +false+
+    # (see {Option +write_headers+}[../CSV.html#class-CSV-label-Option+write_headers]):
+    #   table.to_csv(write_headers: false) # => "foo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #
+    # Limit rows if option +limit+ is given like +2+:
+    #   table.to_csv(limit: 2) # => "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\n"
+    def to_csv(write_headers: true, limit: nil, **options)
       array = write_headers ? [headers.to_csv(**options)] : []
-      @table.each do |row|
+      limit ||= @table.size
+      limit = @table.size + 1 + limit if limit < 0
+      limit = 0 if limit < 0
+      @table.first(limit).each do |row|
         array.push(row.fields.to_csv(**options)) unless row.header_row?
       end
 
@@ -613,9 +1032,24 @@ class CSV
       end
     end
 
-    # Shows the mode and size of this table in a US-ASCII String.
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   table.inspect => string
+    #
+    # Returns a <tt>US-ASCII</tt>-encoded \String showing table:
+    # - Class: <tt>CSV::Table</tt>.
+    # - Access mode: <tt>:row</tt>, <tt>:col</tt>, or <tt>:col_or_row</tt>.
+    # - Size:  Row count, including the header row.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #   source = "Name,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #   table = CSV.parse(source, headers: true)
+    #   table.inspect # => "#<CSV::Table mode:col_or_row row_count:4>\nName,Value\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n"
+    #
     def inspect
-      "#<#{self.class} mode:#{@mode} row_count:#{to_a.size}>".encode("US-ASCII")
+      inspected = +"#<#{self.class} mode:#{@mode} row_count:#{to_a.size}>"
+      summary = to_csv(limit: 5)
+      inspected << "\n" << summary if summary.encoding.ascii_compatible?
+      inspected
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/csv/version.rb b/lib/csv/version.rb
index d1d0dc0e02..9c65803a34 100644
--- a/lib/csv/version.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/version.rb
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 
 class CSV
   # The version of the installed library.
-  VERSION = "3.2.2"
+  VERSION = "3.2.8"
 end
diff --git a/lib/csv/writer.rb b/lib/csv/writer.rb
index 4a9a35c5af..030a295bc9 100644
--- a/lib/csv/writer.rb
+++ b/lib/csv/writer.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require_relative "input_record_separator"
-require_relative "match_p"
 require_relative "row"
 
-using CSV::MatchP if CSV.const_defined?(:MatchP)
-
 class CSV
   # Note: Don't use this class directly. This is an internal class.
   class Writer
@@ -42,7 +39,10 @@ class CSV
       @headers ||= row if @use_headers
       @lineno += 1
 
-      row = @fields_converter.convert(row, nil, lineno) if @fields_converter
+      if @fields_converter
+        quoted_fields = [false] * row.size
+        row = @fields_converter.convert(row, nil, lineno, quoted_fields)
+      end
 
       i = -1
       converted_row = row.collect do |field|
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class CSV
       return unless @headers
 
       converter = @options[:header_fields_converter]
-      @headers = converter.convert(@headers, nil, 0)
+      @headers = converter.convert(@headers, nil, 0, [])
       @headers.each do |header|
         header.freeze if header.is_a?(String)
       end
diff --git a/lib/delegate.gemspec b/lib/delegate.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c3feac74b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/delegate.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
+  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
+  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{Provides three abilities to delegate method calls to an object.}
+  spec.description   = %q{Provides three abilities to delegate method calls to an object.}
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/delegate"
+  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
+
+  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
+
+  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  end
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+  spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.7'
+end
diff --git a/lib/delegate.rb b/lib/delegate.rb
index 70d4e4ad1d..4d8994d8a0 100644
--- a/lib/delegate.rb
+++ b/lib/delegate.rb
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 # Be advised, RDoc will not detect delegated methods.
 #
 class Delegator < BasicObject
-  VERSION = "0.2.0"
+  VERSION = "0.3.1"
 
   kernel = ::Kernel.dup
   kernel.class_eval do
diff --git a/lib/delegate/delegate.gemspec b/lib/delegate/delegate.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 1cfacfeb2f..0000000000
--- a/lib/delegate/delegate.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
-version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, "..").join("/")].find do |dir|
-  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
-    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
-  end rescue nil
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = name
-  spec.version       = version
-  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
-  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{Provides three abilities to delegate method calls to an object.}
-  spec.description   = %q{Provides three abilities to delegate method calls to an object.}
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/delegate"
-  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-
-  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
-  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
-
-  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
-  end
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-  spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.7'
-end
diff --git a/lib/did_you_mean.rb b/lib/did_you_mean.rb
index 2df238da06..e177665099 100644
--- a/lib/did_you_mean.rb
+++ b/lib/did_you_mean.rb
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ module DidYouMean
   correct_error LoadError, RequirePathChecker if RUBY_VERSION >= '2.8.0'
   correct_error NoMatchingPatternKeyError, PatternKeyNameChecker if defined?(::NoMatchingPatternKeyError)
 
-  # TODO: Remove on 3.3:
+  # TODO: Remove on the 3.4 development start:
   class DeprecatedMapping # :nodoc:
     def []=(key, value)
       warn "Calling `DidYouMean::SPELL_CHECKERS[#{key.to_s}] = #{value.to_s}' has been deprecated. " \
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ module DidYouMean
     end
   end
 
-  # TODO: Remove on 3.3:
+  # TODO: Remove on the 3.4 development start:
   SPELL_CHECKERS = DeprecatedMapping.new
   deprecate_constant :SPELL_CHECKERS
   private_constant :DeprecatedMapping
diff --git a/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/method_name_checker.rb b/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/method_name_checker.rb
index d8ebaa4616..b5cbbb5da6 100644
--- a/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/method_name_checker.rb
+++ b/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/method_name_checker.rb
@@ -59,6 +59,13 @@ module DidYouMean
         method_names = receiver.methods + receiver.singleton_methods
         method_names += receiver.private_methods if @private_call
         method_names.uniq!
+        # Assume that people trying to use a writer are not interested in a reader
+        # and vice versa
+        if method_name.match?(/=\Z/)
+          method_names.select! { |name| name.match?(/=\Z/) }
+        else
+          method_names.reject! { |name| name.match?(/=\Z/) }
+        end
         method_names
       else
         []
diff --git a/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/name_error_checkers/variable_name_checker.rb b/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/name_error_checkers/variable_name_checker.rb
index 36d00349c6..9a6e04fe64 100644
--- a/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/name_error_checkers/variable_name_checker.rb
+++ b/lib/did_you_mean/spell_checkers/name_error_checkers/variable_name_checker.rb
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ module DidYouMean
     def corrections
       @corrections ||= SpellChecker
                      .new(dictionary: (RB_RESERVED_WORDS + lvar_names + method_names + ivar_names + cvar_names))
-                     .correct(name) - NAMES_TO_EXCLUDE[@name]
+                     .correct(name).uniq - NAMES_TO_EXCLUDE[@name]
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/did_you_mean/version.rb b/lib/did_you_mean/version.rb
index b5fe50b5ed..5745ca1efd 100644
--- a/lib/did_you_mean/version.rb
+++ b/lib/did_you_mean/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module DidYouMean
-  VERSION = "1.6.1".freeze
+  VERSION = "1.6.3".freeze
 end
diff --git a/lib/drb/drb.rb b/lib/drb/drb.rb
index 23181bb834..5a85e42975 100644
--- a/lib/drb/drb.rb
+++ b/lib/drb/drb.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #
 # = drb/drb.rb
 #
-# Distributed Ruby: _dRuby_ version 2.0.4
+# Distributed Ruby: _dRuby_
 #
 # Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Masatoshi SEKI.  You can redistribute it and/or
 # modify it under the same terms as Ruby.
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ require 'socket'
 require 'io/wait'
 require 'monitor'
 require_relative 'eq'
+require_relative 'version'
 
 #
 # == Overview
diff --git a/lib/drb/ssl.rb b/lib/drb/ssl.rb
index 54ab1ef395..392d6560e9 100644
--- a/lib/drb/ssl.rb
+++ b/lib/drb/ssl.rb
@@ -73,6 +73,14 @@ module DRb
       # :SSLTmpDhCallback ::
       #   A DH callback. See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.tmp_dh_callback
       #
+      # :SSLMinVersion ::
+      #   This is the minimum SSL version to allow.  See
+      #   OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version=.
+      #
+      # :SSLMaxVersion ::
+      #   This is the maximum SSL version to allow.  See
+      #   OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version=.
+      #
       # :SSLVerifyMode ::
       #   This is the SSL verification mode.  See OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_* for
       #   available modes.  The default is OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
@@ -208,6 +216,8 @@ module DRb
         ctx = ::OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.new
         ctx.cert            = @cert
         ctx.key             = @pkey
+        ctx.min_version     = self[:SSLMinVersion]
+        ctx.max_version     = self[:SSLMaxVersion]
         ctx.client_ca       = self[:SSLClientCA]
         ctx.ca_path         = self[:SSLCACertificatePath]
         ctx.ca_file         = self[:SSLCACertificateFile]
diff --git a/lib/drb/version.rb b/lib/drb/version.rb
index efaccf0319..73fa4c18fd 100644
--- a/lib/drb/version.rb
+++ b/lib/drb/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module DRb
-  VERSION = "2.1.0"
+  VERSION = "2.2.0"
 end
diff --git a/lib/erb.gemspec b/lib/erb.gemspec
index 43ffc89c69..94a8fd5c3e 100644
--- a/lib/erb.gemspec
+++ b/lib/erb.gemspec
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ end
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = 'erb'
   spec.version       = ERB.const_get(:VERSION, false)
-  spec.authors       = ['Masatoshi SEKI']
-  spec.email         = ['seki@ruby-lang.org']
+  spec.authors       = ['Masatoshi SEKI', 'Takashi Kokubun']
+  spec.email         = ['seki@ruby-lang.org', 'k0kubun@ruby-lang.org']
 
   spec.summary       = %q{An easy to use but powerful templating system for Ruby.}
   spec.description   = %q{An easy to use but powerful templating system for Ruby.}
@@ -27,5 +27,12 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = ['erb']
   spec.require_paths = ['lib']
 
-  spec.add_dependency 'cgi'
+  if RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+    spec.platform = 'java'
+  else
+    spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.7.0'
+    spec.extensions = ['ext/erb/escape/extconf.rb']
+  end
+
+  spec.add_dependency 'cgi', '>= 0.3.3'
 end
diff --git a/lib/erb.rb b/lib/erb.rb
index 0e42425a60..bc1615d7da 100644
--- a/lib/erb.rb
+++ b/lib/erb.rb
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 require 'cgi/util'
 require 'erb/version'
+require 'erb/compiler'
+require 'erb/def_method'
+require 'erb/util'
 
 #
 # = ERB -- Ruby Templating
@@ -264,486 +267,7 @@ class ERB
   def self.version
     VERSION
   end
-end
 
-#--
-# ERB::Compiler
-class ERB
-  # = ERB::Compiler
-  #
-  # Compiles ERB templates into Ruby code; the compiled code produces the
-  # template result when evaluated. ERB::Compiler provides hooks to define how
-  # generated output is handled.
-  #
-  # Internally ERB does something like this to generate the code returned by
-  # ERB#src:
-  #
-  #   compiler = ERB::Compiler.new('<>')
-  #   compiler.pre_cmd    = ["_erbout=+''"]
-  #   compiler.put_cmd    = "_erbout.<<"
-  #   compiler.insert_cmd = "_erbout.<<"
-  #   compiler.post_cmd   = ["_erbout"]
-  #
-  #   code, enc = compiler.compile("Got <%= obj %>!\n")
-  #   puts code
-  #
-  # <i>Generates</i>:
-  #
-  #   #coding:UTF-8
-  #   _erbout=+''; _erbout.<< "Got ".freeze; _erbout.<<(( obj ).to_s); _erbout.<< "!\n".freeze; _erbout
-  #
-  # By default the output is sent to the print method.  For example:
-  #
-  #   compiler = ERB::Compiler.new('<>')
-  #   code, enc = compiler.compile("Got <%= obj %>!\n")
-  #   puts code
-  #
-  # <i>Generates</i>:
-  #
-  #   #coding:UTF-8
-  #   print "Got ".freeze; print(( obj ).to_s); print "!\n".freeze
-  #
-  # == Evaluation
-  #
-  # The compiled code can be used in any context where the names in the code
-  # correctly resolve. Using the last example, each of these print 'Got It!'
-  #
-  # Evaluate using a variable:
-  #
-  #   obj = 'It'
-  #   eval code
-  #
-  # Evaluate using an input:
-  #
-  #   mod = Module.new
-  #   mod.module_eval %{
-  #     def get(obj)
-  #       #{code}
-  #     end
-  #   }
-  #   extend mod
-  #   get('It')
-  #
-  # Evaluate using an accessor:
-  #
-  #   klass = Class.new Object
-  #   klass.class_eval %{
-  #     attr_accessor :obj
-  #     def initialize(obj)
-  #       @obj = obj
-  #     end
-  #     def get_it
-  #       #{code}
-  #     end
-  #   }
-  #   klass.new('It').get_it
-  #
-  # Good! See also ERB#def_method, ERB#def_module, and ERB#def_class.
-  class Compiler # :nodoc:
-    class PercentLine # :nodoc:
-      def initialize(str)
-        @value = str
-      end
-      attr_reader :value
-      alias :to_s :value
-    end
-
-    class Scanner # :nodoc:
-      @scanner_map = {}
-      class << self
-        def register_scanner(klass, trim_mode, percent)
-          @scanner_map[[trim_mode, percent]] = klass
-        end
-        alias :regist_scanner :register_scanner
-      end
-
-      def self.default_scanner=(klass)
-        @default_scanner = klass
-      end
-
-      def self.make_scanner(src, trim_mode, percent)
-        klass = @scanner_map.fetch([trim_mode, percent], @default_scanner)
-        klass.new(src, trim_mode, percent)
-      end
-
-      DEFAULT_STAGS = %w(<%% <%= <%# <%).freeze
-      DEFAULT_ETAGS = %w(%%> %>).freeze
-      def initialize(src, trim_mode, percent)
-        @src = src
-        @stag = nil
-        @stags = DEFAULT_STAGS
-        @etags = DEFAULT_ETAGS
-      end
-      attr_accessor :stag
-      attr_reader :stags, :etags
-
-      def scan; end
-    end
-
-    class TrimScanner < Scanner # :nodoc:
-      def initialize(src, trim_mode, percent)
-        super
-        @trim_mode = trim_mode
-        @percent = percent
-        if @trim_mode == '>'
-          @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(%>\r?\n|#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\n|\z)/m
-          @scan_line = self.method(:trim_line1)
-        elsif @trim_mode == '<>'
-          @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(%>\r?\n|#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\n|\z)/m
-          @scan_line = self.method(:trim_line2)
-        elsif @trim_mode == '-'
-          @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(^[ \t]*<%\-|<%\-|-%>\r?\n|-%>|#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\z)/m
-          @scan_line = self.method(:explicit_trim_line)
-        else
-          @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\n|\z)/m
-          @scan_line = self.method(:scan_line)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def scan(&block)
-        @stag = nil
-        if @percent
-          @src.each_line do |line|
-            percent_line(line, &block)
-          end
-        else
-          @scan_line.call(@src, &block)
-        end
-        nil
-      end
-
-      def percent_line(line, &block)
-        if @stag || line[0] != ?%
-          return @scan_line.call(line, &block)
-        end
-
-        line[0] = ''
-        if line[0] == ?%
-          @scan_line.call(line, &block)
-        else
-          yield(PercentLine.new(line.chomp))
-        end
-      end
-
-      def scan_line(line)
-        line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
-          tokens.each do |token|
-            next if token.empty?
-            yield(token)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def trim_line1(line)
-        line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
-          tokens.each do |token|
-            next if token.empty?
-            if token == "%>\n" || token == "%>\r\n"
-              yield('%>')
-              yield(:cr)
-            else
-              yield(token)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def trim_line2(line)
-        head = nil
-        line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
-          tokens.each do |token|
-            next if token.empty?
-            head = token unless head
-            if token == "%>\n" || token == "%>\r\n"
-              yield('%>')
-              if is_erb_stag?(head)
-                yield(:cr)
-              else
-                yield("\n")
-              end
-              head = nil
-            else
-              yield(token)
-              head = nil if token == "\n"
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def explicit_trim_line(line)
-        line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
-          tokens.each do |token|
-            next if token.empty?
-            if @stag.nil? && /[ \t]*<%-/ =~ token
-              yield('<%')
-            elsif @stag && (token == "-%>\n" || token == "-%>\r\n")
-              yield('%>')
-              yield(:cr)
-            elsif @stag && token == '-%>'
-              yield('%>')
-            else
-              yield(token)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      ERB_STAG = %w(<%= <%# <%)
-      def is_erb_stag?(s)
-        ERB_STAG.member?(s)
-      end
-    end
-
-    Scanner.default_scanner = TrimScanner
-
-    begin
-      require 'strscan'
-    rescue LoadError
-    else
-      class SimpleScanner < Scanner # :nodoc:
-        def scan
-          stag_reg = (stags == DEFAULT_STAGS) ? /(.*?)(<%[%=#]?|\z)/m : /(.*?)(#{stags.join('|')}|\z)/m
-          etag_reg = (etags == DEFAULT_ETAGS) ? /(.*?)(%%?>|\z)/m : /(.*?)(#{etags.join('|')}|\z)/m
-          scanner = StringScanner.new(@src)
-          while ! scanner.eos?
-            scanner.scan(@stag ? etag_reg : stag_reg)
-            yield(scanner[1])
-            yield(scanner[2])
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      Scanner.register_scanner(SimpleScanner, nil, false)
-
-      class ExplicitScanner < Scanner # :nodoc:
-        def scan
-          stag_reg = /(.*?)(^[ \t]*<%-|<%-|#{stags.join('|')}|\z)/m
-          etag_reg = /(.*?)(-%>|#{etags.join('|')}|\z)/m
-          scanner = StringScanner.new(@src)
-          while ! scanner.eos?
-            scanner.scan(@stag ? etag_reg : stag_reg)
-            yield(scanner[1])
-
-            elem = scanner[2]
-            if /[ \t]*<%-/ =~ elem
-              yield('<%')
-            elsif elem == '-%>'
-              yield('%>')
-              yield(:cr) if scanner.scan(/(\r?\n|\z)/)
-            else
-              yield(elem)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      Scanner.register_scanner(ExplicitScanner, '-', false)
-    end
-
-    class Buffer # :nodoc:
-      def initialize(compiler, enc=nil, frozen=nil)
-        @compiler = compiler
-        @line = []
-        @script = +''
-        @script << "#coding:#{enc}\n" if enc
-        @script << "#frozen-string-literal:#{frozen}\n" unless frozen.nil?
-        @compiler.pre_cmd.each do |x|
-          push(x)
-        end
-      end
-      attr_reader :script
-
-      def push(cmd)
-        @line << cmd
-      end
-
-      def cr
-        @script << (@line.join('; '))
-        @line = []
-        @script << "\n"
-      end
-
-      def close
-        return unless @line
-        @compiler.post_cmd.each do |x|
-          push(x)
-        end
-        @script << (@line.join('; '))
-        @line = nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    def add_put_cmd(out, content)
-      out.push("#{@put_cmd} #{content.dump}.freeze#{"\n" * content.count("\n")}")
-    end
-
-    def add_insert_cmd(out, content)
-      out.push("#{@insert_cmd}((#{content}).to_s)")
-    end
-
-    # Compiles an ERB template into Ruby code.  Returns an array of the code
-    # and encoding like ["code", Encoding].
-    def compile(s)
-      enc = s.encoding
-      raise ArgumentError, "#{enc} is not ASCII compatible" if enc.dummy?
-      s = s.b # see String#b
-      magic_comment = detect_magic_comment(s, enc)
-      out = Buffer.new(self, *magic_comment)
-
-      self.content = +''
-      scanner = make_scanner(s)
-      scanner.scan do |token|
-        next if token.nil?
-        next if token == ''
-        if scanner.stag.nil?
-          compile_stag(token, out, scanner)
-        else
-          compile_etag(token, out, scanner)
-        end
-      end
-      add_put_cmd(out, content) if content.size > 0
-      out.close
-      return out.script, *magic_comment
-    end
-
-    def compile_stag(stag, out, scanner)
-      case stag
-      when PercentLine
-        add_put_cmd(out, content) if content.size > 0
-        self.content = +''
-        out.push(stag.to_s)
-        out.cr
-      when :cr
-        out.cr
-      when '<%', '<%=', '<%#'
-        scanner.stag = stag
-        add_put_cmd(out, content) if content.size > 0
-        self.content = +''
-      when "\n"
-        content << "\n"
-        add_put_cmd(out, content)
-        self.content = +''
-      when '<%%'
-        content << '<%'
-      else
-        content << stag
-      end
-    end
-
-    def compile_etag(etag, out, scanner)
-      case etag
-      when '%>'
-        compile_content(scanner.stag, out)
-        scanner.stag = nil
-        self.content = +''
-      when '%%>'
-        content << '%>'
-      else
-        content << etag
-      end
-    end
-
-    def compile_content(stag, out)
-      case stag
-      when '<%'
-        if content[-1] == ?\n
-          content.chop!
-          out.push(content)
-          out.cr
-        else
-          out.push(content)
-        end
-      when '<%='
-        add_insert_cmd(out, content)
-      when '<%#'
-        # commented out
-      end
-    end
-
-    def prepare_trim_mode(mode) # :nodoc:
-      case mode
-      when 1
-        return [false, '>']
-      when 2
-        return [false, '<>']
-      when 0, nil
-        return [false, nil]
-      when String
-        unless mode.match?(/\A(%|-|>|<>){1,2}\z/)
-          warn_invalid_trim_mode(mode, uplevel: 5)
-        end
-
-        perc = mode.include?('%')
-        if mode.include?('-')
-          return [perc, '-']
-        elsif mode.include?('<>')
-          return [perc, '<>']
-        elsif mode.include?('>')
-          return [perc, '>']
-        else
-          [perc, nil]
-        end
-      else
-        warn_invalid_trim_mode(mode, uplevel: 5)
-        return [false, nil]
-      end
-    end
-
-    def make_scanner(src) # :nodoc:
-      Scanner.make_scanner(src, @trim_mode, @percent)
-    end
-
-    # Construct a new compiler using the trim_mode. See ERB::new for available
-    # trim modes.
-    def initialize(trim_mode)
-      @percent, @trim_mode = prepare_trim_mode(trim_mode)
-      @put_cmd = 'print'
-      @insert_cmd = @put_cmd
-      @pre_cmd = []
-      @post_cmd = []
-    end
-    attr_reader :percent, :trim_mode
-
-    # The command to handle text that ends with a newline
-    attr_accessor :put_cmd
-
-    # The command to handle text that is inserted prior to a newline
-    attr_accessor :insert_cmd
-
-    # An array of commands prepended to compiled code
-    attr_accessor :pre_cmd
-
-    # An array of commands appended to compiled code
-    attr_accessor :post_cmd
-
-    private
-
-    # A buffered text in #compile
-    attr_accessor :content
-
-    def detect_magic_comment(s, enc = nil)
-      re = @percent ? /\G(?:<%#(.*)%>|%#(.*)\n)/ : /\G<%#(.*)%>/
-      frozen = nil
-      s.scan(re) do
-        comment = $+
-        comment = $1 if comment[/-\*-\s*([^\s].*?)\s*-\*-$/]
-        case comment
-        when %r"coding\s*[=:]\s*([[:alnum:]\-_]+)"
-          enc = Encoding.find($1.sub(/-(?:mac|dos|unix)/i, ''))
-        when %r"frozen[-_]string[-_]literal\s*:\s*([[:alnum:]]+)"
-          frozen = $1
-        end
-      end
-      return enc, frozen
-    end
-
-    def warn_invalid_trim_mode(mode, uplevel:)
-      warn "Invalid ERB trim mode: #{mode.inspect} (trim_mode: nil, 0, 1, 2, or String composed of '%' and/or '-', '>', '<>')", uplevel: uplevel + 1
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-#--
-# ERB
-class ERB
   #
   # Constructs a new ERB object with the template specified in _str_.
   #
@@ -783,11 +307,11 @@ class ERB
   #    def build
   #      b = binding
   #      # create and run templates, filling member data variables
-  #      ERB.new(<<-'END_PRODUCT'.gsub(/^\s+/, ""), trim_mode: "", eoutvar: "@product").result b
+  #      ERB.new(<<~'END_PRODUCT', trim_mode: "", eoutvar: "@product").result b
   #        <%= PRODUCT[:name] %>
   #        <%= PRODUCT[:desc] %>
   #      END_PRODUCT
-  #      ERB.new(<<-'END_PRICE'.gsub(/^\s+/, ""), trim_mode: "", eoutvar: "@price").result b
+  #      ERB.new(<<~'END_PRICE', trim_mode: "", eoutvar: "@price").result b
   #        <%= PRODUCT[:name] %> -- <%= PRODUCT[:cost] %>
   #        <%= PRODUCT[:desc] %>
   #      END_PRICE
@@ -980,100 +504,3 @@ class ERB
     cls
   end
 end
-
-#--
-# ERB::Util
-class ERB
-  # A utility module for conversion routines, often handy in HTML generation.
-  module Util
-    public
-    #
-    # A utility method for escaping HTML tag characters in _s_.
-    #
-    #   require "erb"
-    #   include ERB::Util
-    #
-    #   puts html_escape("is a > 0 & a < 10?")
-    #
-    # _Generates_
-    #
-    #   is a &gt; 0 &amp; a &lt; 10?
-    #
-    def html_escape(s)
-      CGI.escapeHTML(s.to_s)
-    end
-    alias h html_escape
-    module_function :h
-    module_function :html_escape
-
-    #
-    # A utility method for encoding the String _s_ as a URL.
-    #
-    #   require "erb"
-    #   include ERB::Util
-    #
-    #   puts url_encode("Programming Ruby:  The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide")
-    #
-    # _Generates_
-    #
-    #   Programming%20Ruby%3A%20%20The%20Pragmatic%20Programmer%27s%20Guide
-    #
-    def url_encode(s)
-      s.to_s.b.gsub(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_\-.~]/n) { |m|
-        sprintf("%%%02X", m.unpack1("C"))
-      }
-    end
-    alias u url_encode
-    module_function :u
-    module_function :url_encode
-  end
-end
-
-#--
-# ERB::DefMethod
-class ERB
-  # Utility module to define eRuby script as instance method.
-  #
-  # === Example
-  #
-  # example.rhtml:
-  #   <% for item in @items %>
-  #   <b><%= item %></b>
-  #   <% end %>
-  #
-  # example.rb:
-  #   require 'erb'
-  #   class MyClass
-  #     extend ERB::DefMethod
-  #     def_erb_method('render()', 'example.rhtml')
-  #     def initialize(items)
-  #       @items = items
-  #     end
-  #   end
-  #   print MyClass.new([10,20,30]).render()
-  #
-  # result:
-  #
-  #   <b>10</b>
-  #
-  #   <b>20</b>
-  #
-  #   <b>30</b>
-  #
-  module DefMethod
-    public
-    # define _methodname_ as instance method of current module, using ERB
-    # object or eRuby file
-    def def_erb_method(methodname, erb_or_fname)
-      if erb_or_fname.kind_of? String
-        fname = erb_or_fname
-        erb = ERB.new(File.read(fname))
-        erb.def_method(self, methodname, fname)
-      else
-        erb = erb_or_fname
-        erb.def_method(self, methodname, erb.filename || '(ERB)')
-      end
-    end
-    module_function :def_erb_method
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/erb/compiler.rb b/lib/erb/compiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7096c8dcea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/erb/compiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#--
+# ERB::Compiler
+#
+# Compiles ERB templates into Ruby code; the compiled code produces the
+# template result when evaluated. ERB::Compiler provides hooks to define how
+# generated output is handled.
+#
+# Internally ERB does something like this to generate the code returned by
+# ERB#src:
+#
+#   compiler = ERB::Compiler.new('<>')
+#   compiler.pre_cmd    = ["_erbout=+''"]
+#   compiler.put_cmd    = "_erbout.<<"
+#   compiler.insert_cmd = "_erbout.<<"
+#   compiler.post_cmd   = ["_erbout"]
+#
+#   code, enc = compiler.compile("Got <%= obj %>!\n")
+#   puts code
+#
+# <i>Generates</i>:
+#
+#   #coding:UTF-8
+#   _erbout=+''; _erbout.<< "Got ".freeze; _erbout.<<(( obj ).to_s); _erbout.<< "!\n".freeze; _erbout
+#
+# By default the output is sent to the print method.  For example:
+#
+#   compiler = ERB::Compiler.new('<>')
+#   code, enc = compiler.compile("Got <%= obj %>!\n")
+#   puts code
+#
+# <i>Generates</i>:
+#
+#   #coding:UTF-8
+#   print "Got ".freeze; print(( obj ).to_s); print "!\n".freeze
+#
+# == Evaluation
+#
+# The compiled code can be used in any context where the names in the code
+# correctly resolve. Using the last example, each of these print 'Got It!'
+#
+# Evaluate using a variable:
+#
+#   obj = 'It'
+#   eval code
+#
+# Evaluate using an input:
+#
+#   mod = Module.new
+#   mod.module_eval %{
+#     def get(obj)
+#       #{code}
+#     end
+#   }
+#   extend mod
+#   get('It')
+#
+# Evaluate using an accessor:
+#
+#   klass = Class.new Object
+#   klass.class_eval %{
+#     attr_accessor :obj
+#     def initialize(obj)
+#       @obj = obj
+#     end
+#     def get_it
+#       #{code}
+#     end
+#   }
+#   klass.new('It').get_it
+#
+# Good! See also ERB#def_method, ERB#def_module, and ERB#def_class.
+class ERB::Compiler # :nodoc:
+  class PercentLine # :nodoc:
+    def initialize(str)
+      @value = str
+    end
+    attr_reader :value
+    alias :to_s :value
+  end
+
+  class Scanner # :nodoc:
+    @scanner_map = {}
+    class << self
+      def register_scanner(klass, trim_mode, percent)
+        @scanner_map[[trim_mode, percent]] = klass
+      end
+      alias :regist_scanner :register_scanner
+    end
+
+    def self.default_scanner=(klass)
+      @default_scanner = klass
+    end
+
+    def self.make_scanner(src, trim_mode, percent)
+      klass = @scanner_map.fetch([trim_mode, percent], @default_scanner)
+      klass.new(src, trim_mode, percent)
+    end
+
+    DEFAULT_STAGS = %w(<%% <%= <%# <%).freeze
+    DEFAULT_ETAGS = %w(%%> %>).freeze
+    def initialize(src, trim_mode, percent)
+      @src = src
+      @stag = nil
+      @stags = DEFAULT_STAGS
+      @etags = DEFAULT_ETAGS
+    end
+    attr_accessor :stag
+    attr_reader :stags, :etags
+
+    def scan; end
+  end
+
+  class TrimScanner < Scanner # :nodoc:
+    def initialize(src, trim_mode, percent)
+      super
+      @trim_mode = trim_mode
+      @percent = percent
+      if @trim_mode == '>'
+        @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(%>\r?\n|#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\n|\z)/m
+        @scan_line = self.method(:trim_line1)
+      elsif @trim_mode == '<>'
+        @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(%>\r?\n|#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\n|\z)/m
+        @scan_line = self.method(:trim_line2)
+      elsif @trim_mode == '-'
+        @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(^[ \t]*<%\-|<%\-|-%>\r?\n|-%>|#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\z)/m
+        @scan_line = self.method(:explicit_trim_line)
+      else
+        @scan_reg  = /(.*?)(#{(stags + etags).join('|')}|\n|\z)/m
+        @scan_line = self.method(:scan_line)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def scan(&block)
+      @stag = nil
+      if @percent
+        @src.each_line do |line|
+          percent_line(line, &block)
+        end
+      else
+        @scan_line.call(@src, &block)
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def percent_line(line, &block)
+      if @stag || line[0] != ?%
+        return @scan_line.call(line, &block)
+      end
+
+      line[0] = ''
+      if line[0] == ?%
+        @scan_line.call(line, &block)
+      else
+        yield(PercentLine.new(line.chomp))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def scan_line(line)
+      line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
+        tokens.each do |token|
+          next if token.empty?
+          yield(token)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def trim_line1(line)
+      line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
+        tokens.each do |token|
+          next if token.empty?
+          if token == "%>\n" || token == "%>\r\n"
+            yield('%>')
+            yield(:cr)
+          else
+            yield(token)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def trim_line2(line)
+      head = nil
+      line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
+        tokens.each do |token|
+          next if token.empty?
+          head = token unless head
+          if token == "%>\n" || token == "%>\r\n"
+            yield('%>')
+            if is_erb_stag?(head)
+              yield(:cr)
+            else
+              yield("\n")
+            end
+            head = nil
+          else
+            yield(token)
+            head = nil if token == "\n"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def explicit_trim_line(line)
+      line.scan(@scan_reg) do |tokens|
+        tokens.each do |token|
+          next if token.empty?
+          if @stag.nil? && /[ \t]*<%-/ =~ token
+            yield('<%')
+          elsif @stag && (token == "-%>\n" || token == "-%>\r\n")
+            yield('%>')
+            yield(:cr)
+          elsif @stag && token == '-%>'
+            yield('%>')
+          else
+            yield(token)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    ERB_STAG = %w(<%= <%# <%)
+    def is_erb_stag?(s)
+      ERB_STAG.member?(s)
+    end
+  end
+
+  Scanner.default_scanner = TrimScanner
+
+  begin
+    require 'strscan'
+  rescue LoadError
+  else
+    class SimpleScanner < Scanner # :nodoc:
+      def scan
+        stag_reg = (stags == DEFAULT_STAGS) ? /(.*?)(<%[%=#]?|\z)/m : /(.*?)(#{stags.join('|')}|\z)/m
+        etag_reg = (etags == DEFAULT_ETAGS) ? /(.*?)(%%?>|\z)/m : /(.*?)(#{etags.join('|')}|\z)/m
+        scanner = StringScanner.new(@src)
+        while ! scanner.eos?
+          scanner.scan(@stag ? etag_reg : stag_reg)
+          yield(scanner[1])
+          yield(scanner[2])
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    Scanner.register_scanner(SimpleScanner, nil, false)
+
+    class ExplicitScanner < Scanner # :nodoc:
+      def scan
+        stag_reg = /(.*?)(^[ \t]*<%-|<%-|#{stags.join('|')}|\z)/m
+        etag_reg = /(.*?)(-%>|#{etags.join('|')}|\z)/m
+        scanner = StringScanner.new(@src)
+        while ! scanner.eos?
+          scanner.scan(@stag ? etag_reg : stag_reg)
+          yield(scanner[1])
+
+          elem = scanner[2]
+          if /[ \t]*<%-/ =~ elem
+            yield('<%')
+          elsif elem == '-%>'
+            yield('%>')
+            yield(:cr) if scanner.scan(/(\r?\n|\z)/)
+          else
+            yield(elem)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    Scanner.register_scanner(ExplicitScanner, '-', false)
+  end
+
+  class Buffer # :nodoc:
+    def initialize(compiler, enc=nil, frozen=nil)
+      @compiler = compiler
+      @line = []
+      @script = +''
+      @script << "#coding:#{enc}\n" if enc
+      @script << "#frozen-string-literal:#{frozen}\n" unless frozen.nil?
+      @compiler.pre_cmd.each do |x|
+        push(x)
+      end
+    end
+    attr_reader :script
+
+    def push(cmd)
+      @line << cmd
+    end
+
+    def cr
+      @script << (@line.join('; '))
+      @line = []
+      @script << "\n"
+    end
+
+    def close
+      return unless @line
+      @compiler.post_cmd.each do |x|
+        push(x)
+      end
+      @script << (@line.join('; '))
+      @line = nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  def add_put_cmd(out, content)
+    out.push("#{@put_cmd} #{content.dump}.freeze#{"\n" * content.count("\n")}")
+  end
+
+  def add_insert_cmd(out, content)
+    out.push("#{@insert_cmd}((#{content}).to_s)")
+  end
+
+  # Compiles an ERB template into Ruby code.  Returns an array of the code
+  # and encoding like ["code", Encoding].
+  def compile(s)
+    enc = s.encoding
+    raise ArgumentError, "#{enc} is not ASCII compatible" if enc.dummy?
+    s = s.b # see String#b
+    magic_comment = detect_magic_comment(s, enc)
+    out = Buffer.new(self, *magic_comment)
+
+    self.content = +''
+    scanner = make_scanner(s)
+    scanner.scan do |token|
+      next if token.nil?
+      next if token == ''
+      if scanner.stag.nil?
+        compile_stag(token, out, scanner)
+      else
+        compile_etag(token, out, scanner)
+      end
+    end
+    add_put_cmd(out, content) if content.size > 0
+    out.close
+    return out.script, *magic_comment
+  end
+
+  def compile_stag(stag, out, scanner)
+    case stag
+    when PercentLine
+      add_put_cmd(out, content) if content.size > 0
+      self.content = +''
+      out.push(stag.to_s)
+      out.cr
+    when :cr
+      out.cr
+    when '<%', '<%=', '<%#'
+      scanner.stag = stag
+      add_put_cmd(out, content) if content.size > 0
+      self.content = +''
+    when "\n"
+      content << "\n"
+      add_put_cmd(out, content)
+      self.content = +''
+    when '<%%'
+      content << '<%'
+    else
+      content << stag
+    end
+  end
+
+  def compile_etag(etag, out, scanner)
+    case etag
+    when '%>'
+      compile_content(scanner.stag, out)
+      scanner.stag = nil
+      self.content = +''
+    when '%%>'
+      content << '%>'
+    else
+      content << etag
+    end
+  end
+
+  def compile_content(stag, out)
+    case stag
+    when '<%'
+      if content[-1] == ?\n
+        content.chop!
+        out.push(content)
+        out.cr
+      else
+        out.push(content)
+      end
+    when '<%='
+      add_insert_cmd(out, content)
+    when '<%#'
+      out.push("\n" * content.count("\n")) # only adjust lineno
+    end
+  end
+
+  def prepare_trim_mode(mode) # :nodoc:
+    case mode
+    when 1
+      return [false, '>']
+    when 2
+      return [false, '<>']
+    when 0, nil
+      return [false, nil]
+    when String
+      unless mode.match?(/\A(%|-|>|<>){1,2}\z/)
+        warn_invalid_trim_mode(mode, uplevel: 5)
+      end
+
+      perc = mode.include?('%')
+      if mode.include?('-')
+        return [perc, '-']
+      elsif mode.include?('<>')
+        return [perc, '<>']
+      elsif mode.include?('>')
+        return [perc, '>']
+      else
+        [perc, nil]
+      end
+    else
+      warn_invalid_trim_mode(mode, uplevel: 5)
+      return [false, nil]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def make_scanner(src) # :nodoc:
+    Scanner.make_scanner(src, @trim_mode, @percent)
+  end
+
+  # Construct a new compiler using the trim_mode. See ERB::new for available
+  # trim modes.
+  def initialize(trim_mode)
+    @percent, @trim_mode = prepare_trim_mode(trim_mode)
+    @put_cmd = 'print'
+    @insert_cmd = @put_cmd
+    @pre_cmd = []
+    @post_cmd = []
+  end
+  attr_reader :percent, :trim_mode
+
+  # The command to handle text that ends with a newline
+  attr_accessor :put_cmd
+
+  # The command to handle text that is inserted prior to a newline
+  attr_accessor :insert_cmd
+
+  # An array of commands prepended to compiled code
+  attr_accessor :pre_cmd
+
+  # An array of commands appended to compiled code
+  attr_accessor :post_cmd
+
+  private
+
+  # A buffered text in #compile
+  attr_accessor :content
+
+  def detect_magic_comment(s, enc = nil)
+    re = @percent ? /\G(?:<%#(.*)%>|%#(.*)\n)/ : /\G<%#(.*)%>/
+    frozen = nil
+    s.scan(re) do
+      comment = $+
+      comment = $1 if comment[/-\*-\s*([^\s].*?)\s*-\*-$/]
+      case comment
+      when %r"coding\s*[=:]\s*([[:alnum:]\-_]+)"
+        enc = Encoding.find($1.sub(/-(?:mac|dos|unix)/i, ''))
+      when %r"frozen[-_]string[-_]literal\s*:\s*([[:alnum:]]+)"
+        frozen = $1
+      end
+    end
+    return enc, frozen
+  end
+
+  def warn_invalid_trim_mode(mode, uplevel:)
+    warn "Invalid ERB trim mode: #{mode.inspect} (trim_mode: nil, 0, 1, 2, or String composed of '%' and/or '-', '>', '<>')", uplevel: uplevel + 1
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/erb/def_method.rb b/lib/erb/def_method.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aee989a926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/erb/def_method.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#--
+# ERB::DefMethod
+#
+# Utility module to define eRuby script as instance method.
+#
+# === Example
+#
+# example.rhtml:
+#   <% for item in @items %>
+#   <b><%= item %></b>
+#   <% end %>
+#
+# example.rb:
+#   require 'erb'
+#   class MyClass
+#     extend ERB::DefMethod
+#     def_erb_method('render()', 'example.rhtml')
+#     def initialize(items)
+#       @items = items
+#     end
+#   end
+#   print MyClass.new([10,20,30]).render()
+#
+# result:
+#
+#   <b>10</b>
+#
+#   <b>20</b>
+#
+#   <b>30</b>
+#
+module ERB::DefMethod
+  # define _methodname_ as instance method of current module, using ERB
+  # object or eRuby file
+  def def_erb_method(methodname, erb_or_fname)
+    if erb_or_fname.kind_of? String
+      fname = erb_or_fname
+      erb = ERB.new(File.read(fname))
+      erb.def_method(self, methodname, fname)
+    else
+      erb = erb_or_fname
+      erb.def_method(self, methodname, erb.filename || '(ERB)')
+    end
+  end
+  module_function :def_erb_method
+end
diff --git a/lib/erb/util.rb b/lib/erb/util.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d2a36275d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/erb/util.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#--
+# ERB::Escape
+#
+# A subset of ERB::Util. Unlike ERB::Util#html_escape, we expect/hope
+# Rails will not monkey-patch ERB::Escape#html_escape.
+begin
+  # We don't build the C extension for JRuby, TruffleRuby, and WASM
+  if $LOAD_PATH.resolve_feature_path('erb/escape')
+    require 'erb/escape'
+  end
+rescue LoadError # resolve_feature_path raises LoadError on TruffleRuby 22.3.0
+end
+unless defined?(ERB::Escape)
+  module ERB::Escape
+    def html_escape(s)
+      CGI.escapeHTML(s.to_s)
+    end
+    module_function :html_escape
+  end
+end
+
+#--
+# ERB::Util
+#
+# A utility module for conversion routines, often handy in HTML generation.
+module ERB::Util
+  #
+  # A utility method for escaping HTML tag characters in _s_.
+  #
+  #   require "erb"
+  #   include ERB::Util
+  #
+  #   puts html_escape("is a > 0 & a < 10?")
+  #
+  # _Generates_
+  #
+  #   is a &gt; 0 &amp; a &lt; 10?
+  #
+  include ERB::Escape # html_escape
+  module_function :html_escape
+  alias h html_escape
+  module_function :h
+
+  #
+  # A utility method for encoding the String _s_ as a URL.
+  #
+  #   require "erb"
+  #   include ERB::Util
+  #
+  #   puts url_encode("Programming Ruby:  The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide")
+  #
+  # _Generates_
+  #
+  #   Programming%20Ruby%3A%20%20The%20Pragmatic%20Programmer%27s%20Guide
+  #
+  def url_encode(s)
+    CGI.escapeURIComponent(s.to_s)
+  end
+  alias u url_encode
+  module_function :u
+  module_function :url_encode
+end
diff --git a/lib/erb/version.rb b/lib/erb/version.rb
index 0aaa38258f..295fc5fa6f 100644
--- a/lib/erb/version.rb
+++ b/lib/erb/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 class ERB
-  VERSION = '2.2.3'
+  VERSION = '4.0.3'
   private_constant :VERSION
 end
diff --git a/lib/error_highlight/base.rb b/lib/error_highlight/base.rb
index 4c115cc828..7d2ff0c889 100644
--- a/lib/error_highlight/base.rb
+++ b/lib/error_highlight/base.rb
@@ -59,8 +59,7 @@ module ErrorHighlight
       Spotter.new(node, **opts).spot
 
     when RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node
-      # Just for compatibility
-      Spotter.new(node, **opts).spot
+      Spotter.new(obj, **opts).spot
 
     else
       raise TypeError, "Exception is expected"
@@ -99,9 +98,40 @@ module ErrorHighlight
       end
     end
 
+    OPT_GETCONSTANT_PATH = (RUBY_VERSION.split(".").map {|s| s.to_i } <=> [3, 2]) >= 0
+    private_constant :OPT_GETCONSTANT_PATH
+
     def spot
       return nil unless @node
 
+      if OPT_GETCONSTANT_PATH && @node.type == :COLON2
+        # In Ruby 3.2 or later, a nested constant access (like `Foo::Bar::Baz`)
+        # is compiled to one instruction (opt_getconstant_path).
+        # @node points to the node of the whole `Foo::Bar::Baz` even if `Foo`
+        # or `Foo::Bar` causes NameError.
+        # So we try to spot the sub-node that causes the NameError by using
+        # `NameError#name`.
+        subnodes = []
+        node = @node
+        while node.type == :COLON2
+          node2, const = node.children
+          subnodes << node if const == @name
+          node = node2
+        end
+        if node.type == :CONST || node.type == :COLON3
+          if node.children.first == @name
+            subnodes << node
+          end
+
+          # If we found only one sub-node whose name is equal to @name, use it
+          return nil if subnodes.size != 1
+          @node = subnodes.first
+        else
+          # Do nothing; opt_getconstant_path is used only when the const base is
+          # NODE_CONST (`Foo`) or NODE_COLON3 (`::Foo`)
+        end
+      end
+
       case @node.type
 
       when :CALL, :QCALL
diff --git a/lib/error_highlight/core_ext.rb b/lib/error_highlight/core_ext.rb
index 00d5671648..b69093f74e 100644
--- a/lib/error_highlight/core_ext.rb
+++ b/lib/error_highlight/core_ext.rb
@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ module ErrorHighlight
   end
 
   NameError.prepend(CoreExt)
-  TypeError.prepend(CoreExt)
-  ArgumentError.prepend(CoreExt)
+
+  if Exception.method_defined?(:detailed_message)
+    # ErrorHighlight is enabled for TypeError and ArgumentError only when Exception#detailed_message is available.
+    # This is because changing ArgumentError#message is highly incompatible.
+    TypeError.prepend(CoreExt)
+    ArgumentError.prepend(CoreExt)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/error_highlight/version.rb b/lib/error_highlight/version.rb
index 4279b6d05f..506d37fbc1 100644
--- a/lib/error_highlight/version.rb
+++ b/lib/error_highlight/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module ErrorHighlight
-  VERSION = "0.4.0"
+  VERSION = "0.6.0"
 end
diff --git a/lib/fileutils.rb b/lib/fileutils.rb
index 74bb904e28..8ec5a3ad12 100644
--- a/lib/fileutils.rb
+++ b/lib/fileutils.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 begin
   require 'rbconfig'
 rescue LoadError
-  # for make mjit-headers
+  # for make rjit-headers
 end
 
 # Namespace for file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc.
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ end
 #
 # First, what’s elsewhere. \Module \FileUtils:
 #
-# - Inherits from {class Object}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Object.html].
-# - Supplements {class File}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html]
+# - Inherits from {class Object}[rdoc-ref:Object].
+# - Supplements {class File}[rdoc-ref:File]
 #   (but is not included or extended there).
 #
 # Here, module \FileUtils provides methods that are useful for:
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ end
 # - ::ln, ::link: Creates hard links.
 # - ::ln_s, ::symlink: Creates symbolic links.
 # - ::ln_sf: Creates symbolic links, overwriting if necessary.
+# - ::ln_sr: Creates symbolic links relative to targets
 #
 # === Deleting
 #
@@ -162,8 +163,8 @@ end
 # by applying a special pre-process:
 #
 # - If the target path points to a directory, this method uses methods
-#   {File#chown}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-i-chown]
-#   and {File#chmod}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-i-chmod]
+#   {File#chown}[rdoc-ref:File#chown]
+#   and {File#chmod}[rdoc-ref:File#chmod]
 #   in removing directories.
 # - The owner of the target directory should be either the current process
 #   or the super user (root).
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ end
 # - {CVE-2004-0452}[https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2004-0452].
 #
 module FileUtils
-  VERSION = "1.6.0"
+  VERSION = "1.7.2"
 
   def self.private_module_function(name)   #:nodoc:
     module_function name
@@ -191,8 +192,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   #   FileUtils.pwd # => "/rdoc/fileutils"
   #
-  # FileUtils.getwd is an alias for FileUtils.pwd.
-  #
   # Related: FileUtils.cd.
   #
   def pwd
@@ -234,8 +233,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #     cd ..
   #     cd fileutils
   #
-  # FileUtils.chdir is an alias for FileUtils.cd.
-  #
   # Related: FileUtils.pwd.
   #
   def cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block) # :yield: dir
@@ -291,7 +288,7 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # With no keyword arguments, creates a directory at each +path+ in +list+
   # by calling: <tt>Dir.mkdir(path, mode)</tt>;
-  # see {Dir.mkdir}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Dir.html#method-c-mkdir]:
+  # see {Dir.mkdir}[rdoc-ref:Dir.mkdir]:
   #
   #   FileUtils.mkdir(%w[tmp0 tmp1]) # => ["tmp0", "tmp1"]
   #   FileUtils.mkdir('tmp4')        # => ["tmp4"]
@@ -299,7 +296,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # Keyword arguments:
   #
   # - <tt>mode: <i>mode</i></tt> - also calls <tt>File.chmod(mode, path)</tt>;
-  #   see {File.chmod}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chmod].
+  #   see {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
   # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create directories.
   # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
@@ -339,7 +336,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # With no keyword arguments, creates a directory at each +path+ in +list+,
   # along with any needed ancestor directories,
   # by calling: <tt>Dir.mkdir(path, mode)</tt>;
-  # see {Dir.mkdir}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Dir.html#method-c-mkdir]:
+  # see {Dir.mkdir}[rdoc-ref:Dir.mkdir]:
   #
   #   FileUtils.mkdir_p(%w[tmp0/tmp1 tmp2/tmp3]) # => ["tmp0/tmp1", "tmp2/tmp3"]
   #   FileUtils.mkdir_p('tmp4/tmp5')             # => ["tmp4/tmp5"]
@@ -347,7 +344,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # Keyword arguments:
   #
   # - <tt>mode: <i>mode</i></tt> - also calls <tt>File.chmod(mode, path)</tt>;
-  #   see {File.chmod}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chmod].
+  #   see {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
   # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create directories.
   # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
@@ -417,7 +414,7 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # With no keyword arguments, removes the directory at each +path+ in +list+,
   # by calling: <tt>Dir.rmdir(path)</tt>;
-  # see {Dir.rmdir}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Dir.html#method-c-rmdir]:
+  # see {Dir.rmdir}[rdoc-ref:Dir.rmdir]:
   #
   #   FileUtils.rmdir(%w[tmp0/tmp1 tmp2/tmp3]) # => ["tmp0/tmp1", "tmp2/tmp3"]
   #   FileUtils.rmdir('tmp4/tmp5')             # => ["tmp4/tmp5"]
@@ -514,8 +511,6 @@ module FileUtils
   # Raises an exception if +dest+ is the path to an existing file
   # and keyword argument +force+ is not +true+.
   #
-  # FileUtils#link is an alias for FileUtils#ln.
-  #
   # Related: FileUtils.link_entry (has different options).
   #
   def ln(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
@@ -690,6 +685,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # Keyword arguments:
   #
   # - <tt>force: true</tt> - overwrites +dest+ if it exists.
+  # - <tt>relative: false</tt> - create links relative to +dest+.
   # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not create links.
   # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
@@ -705,11 +701,12 @@ module FileUtils
   #     ln -sf src2.txt dest2.txt
   #     ln -s srcdir3/src0.txt srcdir3/src1.txt destdir3
   #
-  # FileUtils.symlink is an alias for FileUtils.ln_s.
-  #
   # Related: FileUtils.ln_sf.
   #
-  def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+  def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, relative: false, target_directory: true, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+    if relative
+      return ln_sr(src, dest, force: force, noop: noop, verbose: verbose)
+    end
     fu_output_message "ln -s#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
     return if noop
     fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d|
@@ -729,6 +726,48 @@ module FileUtils
   end
   module_function :ln_sf
 
+  # Like FileUtils.ln_s, but create links relative to +dest+.
+  #
+  def ln_sr(src, dest, target_directory: true, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
+    options = "#{force ? 'f' : ''}#{target_directory ? '' : 'T'}"
+    dest = File.path(dest)
+    srcs = Array(src)
+    link = proc do |s, target_dir_p = true|
+      s = File.path(s)
+      if target_dir_p
+        d = File.join(destdirs = dest, File.basename(s))
+      else
+        destdirs = File.dirname(d = dest)
+      end
+      destdirs = fu_split_path(File.realpath(destdirs))
+      if fu_starting_path?(s)
+        srcdirs = fu_split_path((File.realdirpath(s) rescue File.expand_path(s)))
+        base = fu_relative_components_from(srcdirs, destdirs)
+        s = File.join(*base)
+      else
+        srcdirs = fu_clean_components(*fu_split_path(s))
+        base = fu_relative_components_from(fu_split_path(Dir.pwd), destdirs)
+        while srcdirs.first&. == ".." and base.last&.!=("..") and !fu_starting_path?(base.last)
+          srcdirs.shift
+          base.pop
+        end
+        s = File.join(*base, *srcdirs)
+      end
+      fu_output_message "ln -s#{options} #{s} #{d}" if verbose
+      next if noop
+      remove_file d, true if force
+      File.symlink s, d
+    end
+    case srcs.size
+    when 0
+    when 1
+      link[srcs[0], target_directory && File.directory?(dest)]
+    else
+      srcs.each(&link)
+    end
+  end
+  module_function :ln_sr
+
   # Creates {hard links}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_link]; returns +nil+.
   #
   # Arguments +src+ and +dest+
@@ -829,8 +868,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # Raises an exception if +src+ is a directory.
   #
-  # FileUtils.copy is an alias for FileUtils.cp.
-  #
   # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
   def cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
@@ -1044,7 +1081,7 @@ module FileUtils
   module_function :copy_file
 
   # Copies \IO stream +src+ to \IO stream +dest+ via
-  # {IO.copy_stream}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/IO.html#method-c-copy_stream].
+  # {IO.copy_stream}[rdoc-ref:IO.copy_stream].
   #
   # Related: {methods for copying}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Copying].
   #
@@ -1117,8 +1154,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #     mv src0 dest0
   #     mv src1.txt src1 dest1
   #
-  # FileUtils.move is an alias for FileUtils.mv.
-  #
   def mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
     fu_output_message "mv#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
     return if noop
@@ -1165,7 +1200,7 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - ignores raised exceptions of Errno::ENOENT
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - ignores raised exceptions of StandardError
   #   and its descendants.
   # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not remove files; returns +nil+.
   # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
@@ -1176,8 +1211,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   #     rm src0.dat src0.txt
   #
-  # FileUtils.remove is an alias for FileUtils.rm.
-  #
   # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
@@ -1203,8 +1236,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # See FileUtils.rm for keyword arguments.
   #
-  # FileUtils.safe_unlink is an alias for FileUtils.rm_f.
-  #
   # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
@@ -1248,7 +1279,7 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # Keyword arguments:
   #
-  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - ignores raised exceptions of Errno::ENOENT
+  # - <tt>force: true</tt> - ignores raised exceptions of StandardError
   #   and its descendants.
   # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not remove entries; returns +nil+.
   # - <tt>secure: true</tt> - removes +src+ securely;
@@ -1292,8 +1323,6 @@ module FileUtils
   #
   # See FileUtils.rm_r for keyword arguments.
   #
-  # FileUtils.rmtree is an alias for FileUtils.rm_rf.
-  #
   # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
   def rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
@@ -1315,7 +1344,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # see {Avoiding the TOCTTOU Vulnerability}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Avoiding+the+TOCTTOU+Vulnerability].
   #
   # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
-  # raised exceptions of Errno::ENOENT and its descendants.
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
   #
   # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
@@ -1384,12 +1413,10 @@ module FileUtils
         ent.remove
       rescue
         raise unless force
-        raise unless Errno::ENOENT === $!
       end
     end
   rescue
     raise unless force
-    raise unless Errno::ENOENT === $!
   end
   module_function :remove_entry_secure
 
@@ -1415,7 +1442,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
   # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
-  # raised exceptions of Errno::ENOENT and its descendants.
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
   #
   # Related: FileUtils.remove_entry_secure.
   #
@@ -1425,12 +1452,10 @@ module FileUtils
         ent.remove
       rescue
         raise unless force
-        raise unless Errno::ENOENT === $!
       end
     end
   rescue
     raise unless force
-    raise unless Errno::ENOENT === $!
   end
   module_function :remove_entry
 
@@ -1441,7 +1466,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
   # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
-  # raised exceptions of Errno::ENOENT and its descendants.
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
   #
   # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
@@ -1449,7 +1474,6 @@ module FileUtils
     Entry_.new(path).remove_file
   rescue
     raise unless force
-    raise unless Errno::ENOENT === $!
   end
   module_function :remove_file
 
@@ -1461,7 +1485,7 @@ module FileUtils
   # should be {interpretable as a path}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
   #
   # Optional argument +force+ specifies whether to ignore
-  # raised exceptions of Errno::ENOENT and its descendants.
+  # raised exceptions of StandardError and its descendants.
   #
   # Related: {methods for deleting}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Deleting].
   #
@@ -1560,14 +1584,14 @@ module FileUtils
   # Keyword arguments:
   #
   # - <tt>group: <i>group</i></tt> - changes the group if not +nil+,
-  #   using {File.chown}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chown].
+  #   using {File.chown}[rdoc-ref:File.chown].
   # - <tt>mode: <i>permissions</i></tt> - changes the permissions.
-  #   using {File.chmod}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chmod].
+  #   using {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
   # - <tt>noop: true</tt> - does not copy entries; returns +nil+.
   # - <tt>owner: <i>owner</i></tt> - changes the owner if not +nil+,
-  #   using {File.chown}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chown].
+  #   using {File.chown}[rdoc-ref:File.chown].
   # - <tt>preserve: true</tt> - preserve timestamps
-  #   using {File.utime}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-utime].
+  #   using {File.utime}[rdoc-ref:File.utime].
   # - <tt>verbose: true</tt> - prints an equivalent command:
   #
   #     FileUtils.install('src0.txt', 'dest0.txt', noop: true, verbose: true)
@@ -1600,7 +1624,13 @@ module FileUtils
       st = File.stat(s)
       unless File.exist?(d) and compare_file(s, d)
         remove_file d, true
-        copy_file s, d
+        if d.end_with?('/')
+          mkdir_p d
+          copy_file s, d + File.basename(s)
+        else
+          mkdir_p File.expand_path('..', d)
+          copy_file s, d
+        end
         File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d if preserve
         File.chmod fu_mode(mode, st), d if mode
         File.chown uid, gid, d if uid or gid
@@ -1704,9 +1734,9 @@ module FileUtils
   # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise:
   #
   # - Modifies each entry that is a regular file using
-  #   {File.chmod}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chmod].
+  #   {File.chmod}[rdoc-ref:File.chmod].
   # - Modifies each entry that is a symbolic link using
-  #   {File.lchmod}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-lchmod].
+  #   {File.lchmod}[rdoc-ref:File.lchmod].
   #
   # Argument +list+ or its elements
   # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
@@ -1806,9 +1836,9 @@ module FileUtils
   # returns +list+ if it is an array, <tt>[list]</tt> otherwise:
   #
   # - Modifies each entry that is a regular file using
-  #   {File.chown}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-chown].
+  #   {File.chown}[rdoc-ref:File.chown].
   # - Modifies each entry that is a symbolic link using
-  #   {File.lchown}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/File.html#method-c-lchown].
+  #   {File.lchown}[rdoc-ref:File.lchown].
   #
   # Argument +list+ or its elements
   # should be {interpretable as paths}[rdoc-ref:FileUtils@Path+Arguments].
@@ -2441,15 +2471,15 @@ module FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :fu_each_src_dest
 
-  def fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest)   #:nodoc:
+  def fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest, target_directory = true)   #:nodoc:
     if tmp = Array.try_convert(src)
       tmp.each do |s|
         s = File.path(s)
-        yield s, File.join(dest, File.basename(s))
+        yield s, (target_directory ? File.join(dest, File.basename(s)) : dest)
       end
     else
       src = File.path(src)
-      if File.directory?(dest)
+      if target_directory and File.directory?(dest)
         yield src, File.join(dest, File.basename(src))
       else
         yield src, File.path(dest)
@@ -2473,6 +2503,56 @@ module FileUtils
   end
   private_module_function :fu_output_message
 
+  def fu_split_path(path)
+    path = File.path(path)
+    list = []
+    until (parent, base = File.split(path); parent == path or parent == ".")
+      list << base
+      path = parent
+    end
+    list << path
+    list.reverse!
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_split_path
+
+  def fu_relative_components_from(target, base) #:nodoc:
+    i = 0
+    while target[i]&.== base[i]
+      i += 1
+    end
+    Array.new(base.size-i, '..').concat(target[i..-1])
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_relative_components_from
+
+  def fu_clean_components(*comp)
+    comp.shift while comp.first == "."
+    return comp if comp.empty?
+    clean = [comp.shift]
+    path = File.join(*clean, "") # ending with File::SEPARATOR
+    while c = comp.shift
+      if c == ".." and clean.last != ".." and !(fu_have_symlink? && File.symlink?(path))
+        clean.pop
+        path.chomp!(%r((?<=\A|/)[^/]+/\z), "")
+      else
+        clean << c
+        path << c << "/"
+      end
+    end
+    clean
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_clean_components
+
+  if fu_windows?
+    def fu_starting_path?(path)
+      path&.start_with?(%r(\w:|/))
+    end
+  else
+    def fu_starting_path?(path)
+      path&.start_with?("/")
+    end
+  end
+  private_module_function :fu_starting_path?
+
   # This hash table holds command options.
   OPT_TABLE = {}    #:nodoc: internal use only
   (private_instance_methods & methods(false)).inject(OPT_TABLE) {|tbl, name|
diff --git a/lib/find.gemspec b/lib/find.gemspec
index 3f0aadcdae..cb845e9409 100644
--- a/lib/find.gemspec
+++ b/lib/find.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1).join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "find"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ['Kazuki Tsujimoto']
   spec.email         = ['kazuki@callcc.net']
 
diff --git a/lib/find.rb b/lib/find.rb
index 9bee99c66d..98a79cc76d 100644
--- a/lib/find.rb
+++ b/lib/find.rb
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 #
 module Find
 
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
+
   #
   # Calls the associated block with the name of every file and directory listed
   # as arguments, then recursively on their subdirectories, and so on.
diff --git a/lib/forwardable.rb b/lib/forwardable.rb
index c9c4128f9f..71b4e6adad 100644
--- a/lib/forwardable.rb
+++ b/lib/forwardable.rb
@@ -112,8 +112,10 @@ module Forwardable
   require 'forwardable/impl'
 
   # Version of +forwardable.rb+
-  VERSION = "1.3.2"
+  VERSION = "1.3.3"
+  VERSION.freeze
   FORWARDABLE_VERSION = VERSION
+  FORWARDABLE_VERSION.freeze
 
   @debug = nil
   class << self
diff --git a/lib/getoptlong.gemspec b/lib/getoptlong.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2f65dcaab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/getoptlong.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
+  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
+  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{GetoptLong for Ruby}
+  spec.description   = spec.summary
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/getoptlong"
+  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
+
+  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
+
+  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
+  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
+  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  end
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+end
diff --git a/lib/getoptlong.rb b/lib/getoptlong.rb
index 0810ed7a57..c825962160 100644
--- a/lib/getoptlong.rb
+++ b/lib/getoptlong.rb
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
 #
 # Command line:
 #
-# $ ruby fibonacci.rb --number 6 --verbose yes
+#   $ ruby fibonacci.rb --number 6 --verbose yes
 #
 # Output:
 #
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
 #
 class GetoptLong
   # Version.
-  VERSION = "0.1.1"
+  VERSION = "0.2.1"
 
   #
   # Orderings.
diff --git a/lib/getoptlong/getoptlong.gemspec b/lib/getoptlong/getoptlong.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index dfe087b886..0000000000
--- a/lib/getoptlong/getoptlong.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
-version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, "..").join("/")].find do |dir|
-  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
-    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
-  end rescue nil
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = name
-  spec.version       = version
-  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
-  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{GetoptLong for Ruby}
-  spec.description   = spec.summary
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/getoptlong"
-  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-
-  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
-  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
-
-  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
-  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
-  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
-  end
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-end
diff --git a/lib/ipaddr.rb b/lib/ipaddr.rb
index 459b8478a0..03e1c18baa 100644
--- a/lib/ipaddr.rb
+++ b/lib/ipaddr.rb
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ require 'socket'
 #   p ipaddr3                   #=> #<IPAddr: IPv4:192.168.2.0/255.255.255.0>
 
 class IPAddr
-  VERSION = "1.2.4"
+  VERSION = "1.2.6"
 
   # 32 bit mask for IPv4
   IN4MASK = 0xffffffff
   # 128 bit mask for IPv6
   IN6MASK = 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
   # Format string for IPv6
-  IN6FORMAT = (["%.4x"] * 8).join(':')
+  IN6FORMAT = (["%.4x"] * 8).join(':').freeze
 
   # Regexp _internally_ used for parsing IPv4 address.
   RE_IPV4ADDRLIKE = %r{
@@ -176,9 +176,7 @@ class IPAddr
   def include?(other)
     other = coerce_other(other)
     return false unless other.family == family
-    range = to_range
-    other = other.to_range
-    range.begin <= other.begin && range.end >= other.end
+    begin_addr <= other.begin_addr && end_addr >= other.end_addr
   end
   alias === include?
 
@@ -263,7 +261,8 @@ class IPAddr
   # Returns true if the ipaddr is a private address.  IPv4 addresses
   # in 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16 as defined in RFC
   # 1918 and IPv6 Unique Local Addresses in fc00::/7 as defined in RFC
-  # 4193 are considered private.
+  # 4193 are considered private. Private IPv4 addresses in the
+  # IPv4-mapped IPv6 address range are also considered private.
   def private?
     case @family
     when Socket::AF_INET
@@ -271,7 +270,12 @@ class IPAddr
         @addr & 0xfff00000 == 0xac100000 ||  # 172.16.0.0/12
         @addr & 0xffff0000 == 0xc0a80000     # 192.168.0.0/16
     when Socket::AF_INET6
-      @addr & 0xfe00_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 == 0xfc00_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000
+      @addr & 0xfe00_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 == 0xfc00_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 ||
+        (@addr & 0xffff_0000_0000 == 0xffff_0000_0000 && (
+          @addr & 0xff000000 == 0x0a000000 ||  # ::ffff:10.0.0.0/8
+          @addr & 0xfff00000 == 0xac100000 ||  # ::ffff::172.16.0.0/12
+          @addr & 0xffff0000 == 0xc0a80000     # ::ffff::192.168.0.0/16
+        ))
     else
       raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
     end
@@ -400,17 +404,6 @@ class IPAddr
 
   # Creates a Range object for the network address.
   def to_range
-    begin_addr = (@addr & @mask_addr)
-
-    case @family
-    when Socket::AF_INET
-      end_addr = (@addr | (IN4MASK ^ @mask_addr))
-    when Socket::AF_INET6
-      end_addr = (@addr | (IN6MASK ^ @mask_addr))
-    else
-      raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
-    end
-
     self.class.new(begin_addr, @family)..self.class.new(end_addr, @family)
   end
 
@@ -491,6 +484,21 @@ class IPAddr
 
   protected
 
+  def begin_addr
+    @addr & @mask_addr
+  end
+
+  def end_addr
+    case @family
+    when Socket::AF_INET
+      @addr | (IN4MASK ^ @mask_addr)
+    when Socket::AF_INET6
+      @addr | (IN6MASK ^ @mask_addr)
+    else
+      raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
+    end
+  end
+
   # Set +@addr+, the internal stored ip address, to given +addr+. The
   # parameter +addr+ is validated using the first +family+ member,
   # which is +Socket::AF_INET+ or +Socket::AF_INET6+.
@@ -736,7 +744,7 @@ end
 unless Socket.const_defined? :AF_INET6
   class Socket < BasicSocket
     # IPv6 protocol family
-    AF_INET6 = Object.new
+    AF_INET6 = Object.new.freeze
   end
 
   class << IPSocket
diff --git a/lib/irb.rb b/lib/irb.rb
index 9a3a491641..006b52bec5 100644
--- a/lib/irb.rb
+++ b/lib/irb.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb.rb - irb main module
-#       $Release Version: 0.9.6 $
-#       $Revision$
 #       by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+
 require "ripper"
 require "reline"
 
@@ -17,241 +12,846 @@ require_relative "irb/context"
 require_relative "irb/extend-command"
 
 require_relative "irb/ruby-lex"
+require_relative "irb/statement"
 require_relative "irb/input-method"
 require_relative "irb/locale"
 require_relative "irb/color"
 
 require_relative "irb/version"
 require_relative "irb/easter-egg"
+require_relative "irb/debug"
+require_relative "irb/pager"
 
-# IRB stands for "interactive Ruby" and is a tool to interactively execute Ruby
-# expressions read from the standard input.
+# == \IRB
 #
-# The +irb+ command from your shell will start the interpreter.
+# \Module \IRB ("Interactive Ruby") provides a shell-like interface
+# that supports user interaction with the Ruby interpreter.
 #
-# == Usage
+# It operates as a <i>read-eval-print loop</i>
+# ({REPL}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read%E2%80%93eval%E2%80%93print_loop])
+# that:
 #
-# Use of irb is easy if you know Ruby.
+# - <b>_Reads_</b> each character as you type.
+#   You can modify the \IRB context to change the way input works.
+#   See {Input}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input].
+# - <b>_Evaluates_</b> the code each time it has read a syntactically complete passage.
+# - <b>_Prints_</b> after evaluating.
+#   You can modify the \IRB context to change the way output works.
+#   See {Output}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Output].
 #
-# When executing irb, prompts are displayed as follows. Then, enter the Ruby
-# expression. An input is executed when it is syntactically complete.
+# Example:
 #
-#     $ irb
-#     irb(main):001:0> 1+2
-#     #=> 3
-#     irb(main):002:0> class Foo
-#     irb(main):003:1>  def foo
-#     irb(main):004:2>    print 1
-#     irb(main):005:2>  end
-#     irb(main):006:1> end
-#     #=> nil
+#   $ irb
+#   irb(main):001> File.basename(Dir.pwd)
+#   => "irb"
+#   irb(main):002> Dir.entries('.').size
+#   => 25
+#   irb(main):003* Dir.entries('.').select do |entry|
+#   irb(main):004*   entry.start_with?('R')
+#   irb(main):005> end
+#   => ["README.md", "Rakefile"]
 #
-# The singleline editor module or multiline editor module can be used with irb.
-# Use of multiline editor is default if it's installed.
+# The typed input may also include
+# {\IRB-specific commands}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB-Specific+Commands].
 #
-# == Command line options
+# As seen above, you can start \IRB by using the shell command +irb+.
 #
-#   :include: ./irb/lc/help-message
+# You can stop an \IRB session by typing command +exit+:
 #
-# == Configuration
+#   irb(main):006> exit
+#   $
 #
-# IRB reads a personal initialization file when it's invoked.
-# IRB searches a file in the following order and loads the first one found.
+# At that point, \IRB calls any hooks found in array <tt>IRB.conf[:AT_EXIT]</tt>,
+# then exits.
 #
-# * <tt>$IRBRC</tt> (if <tt>$IRBRC</tt> is set)
-# * <tt>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/irb/irbrc</tt> (if <tt>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME</tt> is set)
-# * <tt>~/.irbrc</tt>
-# * +.config/irb/irbrc+
-# * +.irbrc+
-# * +irb.rc+
-# * +_irbrc+
-# * <code>$irbrc</code>
+# == Startup
 #
-# The following are alternatives to the command line options. To use them type
-# as follows in an +irb+ session:
+# At startup, \IRB:
 #
-#     IRB.conf[:IRB_NAME]="irb"
-#     IRB.conf[:INSPECT_MODE]=nil
-#     IRB.conf[:IRB_RC] = nil
-#     IRB.conf[:BACK_TRACE_LIMIT]=16
-#     IRB.conf[:USE_LOADER] = false
-#     IRB.conf[:USE_MULTILINE] = nil
-#     IRB.conf[:USE_SINGLELINE] = nil
-#     IRB.conf[:USE_COLORIZE] = true
-#     IRB.conf[:USE_TRACER] = false
-#     IRB.conf[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE] = true
-#     IRB.conf[:IGNORE_SIGINT] = true
-#     IRB.conf[:IGNORE_EOF] = false
-#     IRB.conf[:PROMPT_MODE] = :DEFAULT
-#     IRB.conf[:PROMPT] = {...}
+# 1. Interprets (as Ruby code) the content of the
+#    {configuration file}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Configuration+File] (if given).
+# 1. Constructs the initial session context
+#    from {hash IRB.conf}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Hash+IRB.conf] and from default values;
+#    the hash content may have been affected
+#    by {command-line options}[rdoc-ref:IB@Command-Line+Options],
+#    and by direct assignments in the configuration file.
+# 1. Assigns the context to variable +conf+.
+# 1. Assigns command-line arguments to variable <tt>ARGV</tt>.
+# 1. Prints the {prompt}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Prompt+and+Return+Formats].
+# 1. Puts the content of the
+#    {initialization script}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Initialization+Script]
+#    onto the \IRB shell, just as if it were user-typed commands.
 #
-# === Auto indentation
+# === The Command Line
 #
-# To disable auto-indent mode in irb, add the following to your +.irbrc+:
+# On the command line, all options precede all arguments;
+# the first item that is not recognized as an option is treated as an argument,
+# as are all items that follow.
 #
-#     IRB.conf[:AUTO_INDENT] = false
+# ==== Command-Line Options
 #
-# === Autocompletion
+# Many command-line options affect entries in hash <tt>IRB.conf</tt>,
+# which in turn affect the initial configuration of the \IRB session.
 #
-# To enable autocompletion for irb, add the following to your +.irbrc+:
-#
-#     require 'irb/completion'
-#
-# === History
-#
-# By default, irb will store the last 1000 commands you used in
-# <code>IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]</code> (<code>~/.irb_history</code> by default).
-#
-# If you want to disable history, add the following to your +.irbrc+:
-#
-#     IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] = nil
-#
-# See IRB::Context#save_history= for more information.
-#
-# The history of _results_ of commands evaluated is not stored by default,
-# but can be turned on to be stored with this +.irbrc+ setting:
-#
-#     IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY] = <number>
-#
-# See IRB::Context#eval_history= and History class. The history of command
-# results is not permanently saved in any file.
-#
-# == Customizing the IRB Prompt
-#
-# In order to customize the prompt, you can change the following Hash:
-#
-#     IRB.conf[:PROMPT]
-#
-# This example can be used in your +.irbrc+
-#
-#     IRB.conf[:PROMPT][:MY_PROMPT] = { # name of prompt mode
-#       :AUTO_INDENT => false,          # disables auto-indent mode
-#       :PROMPT_I =>  ">> ",		# simple prompt
-#       :PROMPT_S => nil,		# prompt for continuated strings
-#       :PROMPT_C => nil,		# prompt for continuated statement
-#       :RETURN => "    ==>%s\n"	# format to return value
-#     }
-#
-#     IRB.conf[:PROMPT_MODE] = :MY_PROMPT
-#
-# Or, invoke irb with the above prompt mode by:
-#
-#     irb --prompt my-prompt
-#
-# Constants +PROMPT_I+, +PROMPT_S+ and +PROMPT_C+ specify the format. In the
-# prompt specification, some special strings are available:
-#
-#     %N    # command name which is running
-#     %m    # to_s of main object (self)
-#     %M    # inspect of main object (self)
-#     %l    # type of string(", ', /, ]), `]' is inner %w[...]
-#     %NNi  # indent level. NN is digits and means as same as printf("%NNd").
-#           # It can be omitted
-#     %NNn  # line number.
-#     %%    # %
-#
-# For instance, the default prompt mode is defined as follows:
-#
-#     IRB.conf[:PROMPT_MODE][:DEFAULT] = {
-#       :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-#       :PROMPT_N => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-#       :PROMPT_S => "%N(%m):%03n:%i%l ",
-#       :PROMPT_C => "%N(%m):%03n:%i* ",
-#       :RETURN => "%s\n" # used to printf
-#     }
-#
-# irb comes with a number of available modes:
-#
-#   # :NULL:
-#   #   :PROMPT_I:
-#   #   :PROMPT_N:
-#   #   :PROMPT_S:
-#   #   :PROMPT_C:
-#   #   :RETURN: |
-#   #     %s
-#   # :DEFAULT:
-#   #   :PROMPT_I: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_N: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_S: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i%l '
-#   #   :PROMPT_C: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i* '
-#   #   :RETURN: |
-#   #     => %s
-#   # :CLASSIC:
-#   #   :PROMPT_I: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_N: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_S: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i%l '
-#   #   :PROMPT_C: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i* '
-#   #   :RETURN: |
-#   #     %s
-#   # :SIMPLE:
-#   #   :PROMPT_I: ! '>> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_N: ! '>> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_S:
-#   #   :PROMPT_C: ! '?> '
-#   #   :RETURN: |
-#   #     => %s
-#   # :INF_RUBY:
-#   #   :PROMPT_I: ! '%N(%m):%03n:%i> '
-#   #   :PROMPT_N:
-#   #   :PROMPT_S:
-#   #   :PROMPT_C:
-#   #   :RETURN: |
-#   #     %s
-#   #   :AUTO_INDENT: true
-#   # :XMP:
-#   #   :PROMPT_I:
-#   #   :PROMPT_N:
-#   #   :PROMPT_S:
-#   #   :PROMPT_C:
-#   #   :RETURN: |2
-#   #         ==>%s
+# Details of the options are described in the relevant subsections below.
 #
-# == Restrictions
+# A cursory list of the \IRB command-line options
+# may be seen in the {help message}[https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ruby/irb/master/lib/irb/lc/help-message],
+# which is also displayed if you use command-line option <tt>--help</tt>.
 #
-# Because irb evaluates input immediately after it is syntactically complete,
-# the results may be slightly different than directly using Ruby.
+# If you are interested in a specific option, consult the
+# {index}[rdoc-ref:doc/irb/indexes.md@Index+of+Command-Line+Options].
 #
-# == IRB Sessions
+# ==== Command-Line Arguments
 #
-# IRB has a special feature, that allows you to manage many sessions at once.
+# Command-line arguments are passed to \IRB in array +ARGV+:
 #
-# You can create new sessions with Irb.irb, and get a list of current sessions
-# with the +jobs+ command in the prompt.
+#   $ irb --noscript Foo Bar Baz
+#   irb(main):001> ARGV
+#   => ["Foo", "Bar", "Baz"]
+#   irb(main):002> exit
+#   $
 #
-# === Commands
+# Command-line option <tt>--</tt> causes everything that follows
+# to be treated as arguments, even those that look like options:
+#
+#   $ irb --noscript -- --noscript -- Foo Bar Baz
+#   irb(main):001> ARGV
+#   => ["--noscript", "--", "Foo", "Bar", "Baz"]
+#   irb(main):002> exit
+#   $
+#
+# === Configuration File
+#
+# You can initialize \IRB via a <i>configuration file</i>.
+#
+# If command-line option <tt>-f</tt> is given,
+# no configuration file is looked for.
+#
+# Otherwise, \IRB reads and interprets a configuration file
+# if one is available.
+#
+# The configuration file can contain any Ruby code, and can usefully include
+# user code that:
+#
+# - Can then be debugged in \IRB.
+# - Configures \IRB itself.
+# - Requires or loads files.
+#
+# The path to the configuration file is the first found among:
+#
+# - The value of variable <tt>$IRBRC</tt>, if defined.
+# - The value of variable <tt>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/irb/irbrc</tt>, if defined.
+# - File <tt>$HOME/.irbrc</tt>, if it exists.
+# - File <tt>$HOME/.config/irb/irbrc</tt>, if it exists.
+# - File +.config/irb/irbrc+ in the current directory, if it exists.
+# - File +.irbrc+ in the current directory, if it exists.
+# - File +irb.rc+ in the current directory, if it exists.
+# - File +_irbrc+ in the current directory, if it exists.
+# - File <tt>$irbrc</tt> in the current directory, if it exists.
+#
+# If the search fails, there is no configuration file.
+#
+# If the search succeeds, the configuration file is read as Ruby code,
+# and so can contain any Ruby programming you like.
+#
+# \Method <tt>conf.rc?</tt> returns +true+ if a configuration file was read,
+# +false+ otherwise.
+# \Hash entry <tt>IRB.conf[:RC]</tt> also contains that value.
+#
+# === \Hash <tt>IRB.conf</tt>
+#
+# The initial entries in hash <tt>IRB.conf</tt> are determined by:
+#
+# - Default values.
+# - Command-line options, which may override defaults.
+# - Direct assignments in the configuration file.
+#
+# You can see the hash by typing <tt>IRB.conf</tt>.
+#
+# Details of the entries' meanings are described in the relevant subsections below.
+#
+# If you are interested in a specific entry, consult the
+# {index}[rdoc-ref:doc/irb/indexes.md@Index+of+IRB.conf+Entries].
+#
+# === Notes on Initialization Precedence
+#
+# - Any conflict between an entry in hash <tt>IRB.conf</tt> and a command-line option
+#   is resolved in favor of the hash entry.
+# - \Hash <tt>IRB.conf</tt> affects the context only once,
+#   when the configuration file is interpreted;
+#   any subsequent changes to it do not affect the context
+#   and are therefore essentially meaningless.
+#
+# === Initialization Script
+#
+# By default, the first command-line argument (after any options)
+# is the path to a Ruby initialization script.
+#
+# \IRB reads the initialization script and puts its content onto the \IRB shell,
+# just as if it were user-typed commands.
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>--noscript</tt> causes the first command-line argument
+# to be treated as an ordinary argument (instead of an initialization script);
+# <tt>--script</tt> is the default.
+#
+# == Input
+#
+# This section describes the features that allow you to change
+# the way \IRB input works;
+# see also {Input and Output}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+and+Output].
+#
+# === Input Command History
+#
+# By default, \IRB stores a history of up to 1000 input commands
+# in file <tt>~/.irb_history</tt>
+# (or, if a {configuration file}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Configuration+File]
+# is found, in file +.irb_history+
+# inin the same directory as that file).
+#
+# A new \IRB session creates the history file if it does not exist,
+# and appends to the file if it does exist.
+#
+# You can change the filepath by adding to your configuration file:
+# <tt>IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE] = _filepath_</tt>,
+# where _filepath_ is a string filepath.
+#
+# During the session, method <tt>conf.history_file</tt> returns the filepath,
+# and method <tt>conf.history_file = <i>new_filepath</i></tt>
+# copies the history to the file at <i>new_filepath</i>,
+# which becomes the history file for the session.
+#
+# You can change the number of commands saved by adding to your configuration file:
+# <tt>IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] = _n_</tt>,
+# where _n_ is one of:
+#
+# - Positive integer: the number of commands to be saved,
+# - Zero: all commands are to be saved.
+# - +nil+: no commands are to be saved,.
+#
+# During the session, you can use
+# methods <tt>conf.save_history</tt> or <tt>conf.save_history=</tt>
+# to retrieve or change the count.
+#
+# === Command Aliases
+#
+# By default, \IRB defines several command aliases:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.command_aliases
+#   => {:"$"=>:show_source, :"@"=>:whereami}
+#
+# You can change the initial aliases in the configuration file with:
+#
+#   IRB.conf[:COMMAND_ALIASES] = {foo: :show_source, bar: :whereami}
+#
+# You can replace the current aliases at any time
+# with configuration method <tt>conf.command_aliases=</tt>;
+# Because <tt>conf.command_aliases</tt> is a hash,
+# you can modify it.
+#
+# === End-of-File
+#
+# By default, <tt>IRB.conf[:IGNORE_EOF]</tt> is +false+,
+# which means that typing the end-of-file character <tt>Ctrl-D</tt>
+# causes the session to exit.
+#
+# You can reverse that behavior by adding <tt>IRB.conf[:IGNORE_EOF] = true</tt>
+# to the configuration file.
+#
+# During the session, method <tt>conf.ignore_eof?</tt> returns the setting,
+# and method <tt>conf.ignore_eof = _boolean_</tt> sets it.
+#
+# === SIGINT
+#
+# By default, <tt>IRB.conf[:IGNORE_SIGINT]</tt> is +true+,
+# which means that typing the interrupt character <tt>Ctrl-C</tt>
+# causes the session to exit.
+#
+# You can reverse that behavior by adding <tt>IRB.conf[:IGNORE_SIGING] = false</tt>
+# to the configuration file.
+#
+# During the session, method <tt>conf.ignore_siging?</tt> returns the setting,
+# and method <tt>conf.ignore_sigint = _boolean_</tt> sets it.
+#
+# === Automatic Completion
+#
+# By default, \IRB enables
+# {automatic completion}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocomplete#In_command-line_interpreters]:
+#
+# You can disable it by either of these:
+#
+# - Adding <tt>IRB.conf[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE] = false</tt> to the configuration file.
+# - Giving command-line option <tt>--noautocomplete</tt>
+#   (<tt>--autocomplete</tt> is the default).
+#
+# \Method <tt>conf.use_autocomplete?</tt> returns +true+
+# if automatic completion is enabled, +false+ otherwise.
+#
+# The setting may not be changed during the session.
+#
+# === Automatic Indentation
+#
+# By default, \IRB automatically indents lines of code to show structure
+# (e.g., it indent the contents of a block).
+#
+# The current setting is returned
+# by the configuration method <tt>conf.auto_indent_mode</tt>.
+#
+# The default initial setting is +true+:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.auto_indent_mode
+#   => true
+#   irb(main):002* Dir.entries('.').select do |entry|
+#   irb(main):003*   entry.start_with?('R')
+#   irb(main):004> end
+#   => ["README.md", "Rakefile"]
+#
+# You can change the initial setting in the
+# configuration file with:
+#
+#   IRB.conf[:AUTO_INDENT] = false
+#
+# Note that the _current_ setting <i>may not</i> be changed in the \IRB session.
+#
+# === Input \Method
+#
+# The \IRB input method determines how command input is to be read;
+# by default, the input method for a session is IRB::RelineInputMethod.
+#
+# You can set the input method by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file:
+#
+#   - <tt>IRB.conf[:USE_SINGLELINE] = true</tt>
+#     or <tt>IRB.conf[:USE_MULTILINE]= false</tt>
+#     sets the input method to IRB::ReadlineInputMethod.
+#   - <tt>IRB.conf[:USE_SINGLELINE] = false</tt>
+#     or <tt>IRB.conf[:USE_MULTILINE] = true</tt>
+#     sets the input method to IRB::RelineInputMethod.
+#
+# - Giving command-line options:
+#
+#   - <tt>--singleline</tt>
+#     or <tt>--nomultiline</tt>
+#     sets the input method to IRB::ReadlineInputMethod.
+#   - <tt>--nosingleline</tt>
+#     or <tt>--multiline/tt>
+#     sets the input method to IRB::RelineInputMethod.
+#
+# \Method <tt>conf.use_multiline?</tt>
+# and its synonym <tt>conf.use_reline</tt> return:
+#
+# - +true+ if option <tt>--multiline</tt> was given.
+# - +false+ if option <tt>--nomultiline</tt> was given.
+# - +nil+ if neither was given.
+#
+# \Method <tt>conf.use_singleline?</tt>
+# and its synonym <tt>conf.use_readline</tt> return:
+#
+# - +true+ if option <tt>--singleline</tt> was given.
+# - +false+ if option <tt>--nosingleline</tt> was given.
+# - +nil+ if neither was given.
+#
+# == Output
+#
+# This section describes the features that allow you to change
+# the way \IRB output works;
+# see also {Input and Output}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Input+and+Output].
+#
+# === Return-Value Printing (Echoing)
+#
+# By default, \IRB prints (echoes) the values returned by all input commands.
+#
+# You can change the initial behavior and suppress all echoing by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file: <tt>IRB.conf[:ECHO] = false</tt>.
+#   (The default value for this entry is +niL+, which means the same as +true+.)
+# - Giving command-line option <tt>--noecho</tt>.
+#   (The default is <tt>--echo</tt>.)
+#
+# During the session, you can change the current setting
+# with configuration method <tt>conf.echo=</tt> (set to +true+ or +false+).
+#
+# As stated above, by default \IRB prints the values returned by all input commands;
+# but \IRB offers special treatment for values returned by assignment statements,
+# which may be:
+#
+# - Printed with truncation (to fit on a single line of output),
+#   which is the default;
+#   an ellipsis (<tt>...</tt> is suffixed, to indicate the truncation):
+#
+#     irb(main):001> x = 'abc' * 100
+# => "abcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabcabc...
+#
+# - Printed in full (regardless of the length).
+# - Suppressed (not printed at all)
+#
+# You can change the initial behavior by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file: <tt>IRB.conf[:ECHO_ON_ASSIGNMENT] = false</tt>.
+#   (The default value for this entry is +niL+, which means the same as +:truncate+.)
+# - Giving command-line option <tt>--noecho-on-assignment</tt>
+#   or <tt>--echo-on-assignment</tt>.
+#   (The default is <tt>--truncate-echo-on-assigment</tt>.)
+#
+# During the session, you can change the current setting
+# with configuration method <tt>conf.echo_on_assignment=</tt>
+# (set to +true+, +false+, or +:truncate+).
+#
+# By default, \IRB formats returned values by calling method +inspect+.
+#
+# You can change the initial behavior by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file: <tt>IRB.conf[:INSPECT_MODE] = false</tt>.
+#   (The default value for this entry is +true+.)
+# - Giving command-line option <tt>--noinspect</tt>.
+#   (The default is <tt>--inspect</tt>.)
+#
+# During the session, you can change the setting using method <tt>conf.inspect_mode=</tt>.
+#
+# === Multiline Output
+#
+# By default, \IRB prefixes a newline to a multiline response.
+#
+# You can change the initial default value by adding to the configuation file:
+#
+#   IRB.conf[:NEWLINE_BEFORE_MULTILINE_OUTPUT] = false
+#
+# During a session, you can retrieve or set the value using
+# methods <tt>conf.newline_before_multiline_output?</tt>
+# and <tt>conf.newline_before_multiline_output=</tt>.
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.inspect_mode = false
+#   => false
+#   irb(main):002> "foo\nbar"
+#   =>
+#   foo
+#   bar
+#   irb(main):003> conf.newline_before_multiline_output = false
+#   => false
+#   irb(main):004> "foo\nbar"
+#   => foo
+#   bar
+#
+# === Evaluation History
+#
+# By default, \IRB saves no history of evaluations (returned values),
+# and the related methods <tt>conf.eval_history</tt>, <tt>_</tt>,
+# and <tt>__</tt> are undefined.
+#
+# You can turn on that history, and set the maximum number of evaluations to be stored:
+#
+# - In the configuration file: add <tt>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY] = _n_</tt>.
+#   (Examples below assume that we've added <tt>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY] = 5</tt>.)
+# - In the session (at any time): <tt>conf.eval_history = _n_</tt>.
+#
+# If +n+ is zero, all evaluation history is stored.
+#
+# Doing either of the above:
+#
+# - Sets the maximum size of the evaluation history;
+#   defines method <tt>conf.eval_history</tt>,
+#   which returns the maximum size +n+ of the evaluation history:
+#
+#     irb(main):001> conf.eval_history = 5
+#     => 5
+#     irb(main):002> conf.eval_history
+#     => 5
+#
+# - Defines variable <tt>_</tt>, which contains the most recent evaluation,
+#   or +nil+ if none; same as method <tt>conf.last_value</tt>:
+#
+#     irb(main):003> _
+#     => 5
+#     irb(main):004> :foo
+#     => :foo
+#     irb(main):005> :bar
+#     => :bar
+#     irb(main):006> _
+#     => :bar
+#     irb(main):007> _
+#     => :bar
+#
+# - Defines variable <tt>__</tt>:
+#
+#   - <tt>__</tt> unadorned: contains all evaluation history:
+#
+#       irb(main):008> :foo
+#       => :foo
+#       irb(main):009> :bar
+#       => :bar
+#       irb(main):010> :baz
+#       => :baz
+#       irb(main):011> :bat
+#       => :bat
+#       irb(main):012> :bam
+#       => :bam
+#       irb(main):013> __
+#       =>
+#       9 :bar
+#       10 :baz
+#       11 :bat
+#       12 :bam
+#       irb(main):014> __
+#       =>
+#       10 :baz
+#       11 :bat
+#       12 :bam
+#       13 ...self-history...
+#
+#     Note that when the evaluation is multiline, it is displayed differently.
+#
+#   - <tt>__[</tt>_m_<tt>]</tt>:
+#
+#     - Positive _m_:  contains the evaluation for the given line number,
+#       or +nil+ if that line number is not in the evaluation history:
+#
+#         irb(main):015> __[12]
+#         => :bam
+#         irb(main):016> __[1]
+#         => nil
+#
+#     - Negative _m_: contains the +mth+-from-end evaluation,
+#       or +nil+ if that evaluation is not in the evaluation history:
+#
+#         irb(main):017> __[-3]
+#         => :bam
+#         irb(main):018> __[-13]
+#         => nil
+#
+#     - Zero _m_: contains +nil+:
+#
+#         irb(main):019> __[0]
+#         => nil
+#
+# === Prompt and Return Formats
+#
+# By default, \IRB uses the prompt and return value formats
+# defined in its +:DEFAULT+ prompt mode.
+#
+# ==== The Default Prompt and Return Format
+#
+# The default prompt and return values look like this:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> 1 + 1
+#   => 2
+#   irb(main):002> 2 + 2
+#   => 4
+#
+# The prompt includes:
+#
+# - The name of the running program (<tt>irb</tt>);
+#   see {IRB Name}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB+Name].
+# - The name of the current session (<tt>main</tt>);
+#   See {IRB Sessions}[rdoc-ref:IRB@IRB+Sessions].
+# - A 3-digit line number (1-based).
+#
+# The default prompt actually defines three formats:
+#
+# - One for most situations (as above):
+#
+#     irb(main):003> Dir
+#     => Dir
+#
+# - One for when the typed command is a statement continuation (adds trailing asterisk):
+#
+#     irb(main):004* Dir.
+#
+# - One for when the typed command is a string continuation (adds trailing single-quote):
+#
+#     irb(main):005' Dir.entries('.
+#
+# You can see the prompt change as you type the characters in the following:
+#
+#     irb(main):001* Dir.entries('.').select do |entry|
+#     irb(main):002*   entry.start_with?('R')
+#     irb(main):003> end
+#     => ["README.md", "Rakefile"]
+#
+# ==== Pre-Defined Prompts
+#
+# \IRB has several pre-defined prompts, stored in hash <tt>IRB.conf[:PROMPT]</tt>:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> IRB.conf[:PROMPT].keys
+#   => [:NULL, :DEFAULT, :CLASSIC, :SIMPLE, :INF_RUBY, :XMP]
+#
+# To see the full data for these, type <tt>IRB.conf[:PROMPT]</tt>.
+#
+# Most of these prompt definitions include specifiers that represent
+# values like the \IRB name, session name, and line number;
+# see {Prompt Specifiers}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Prompt+Specifiers].
+#
+# You can change the initial prompt and return format by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file: <tt>IRB.conf[:PROMPT] = _mode_</tt>
+#   where _mode_ is the symbol name of a prompt mode.
+# - Giving a command-line option:
+#
+#   - <tt>--prompt _mode_</tt>: sets the prompt mode to _mode_.
+#     where _mode_ is the symbol name of a prompt mode.
+#   - <tt>--simple-prompt</tt> or <tt>--sample-book-mode</tt>:
+#     sets the prompt mode to +:SIMPLE+.
+#   - <tt>--inf-ruby-mode</tt>: sets the prompt mode to +:INF_RUBY+
+#     and suppresses both <tt>--multiline</tt> and <tt>--singleline</tt>.
+#   - <tt>--noprompt</tt>: suppresses prompting; does not affect echoing.
+#
+# You can retrieve or set the current prompt mode with methods
+#
+# <tt>conf.prompt_mode</tt> and <tt>conf.prompt_mode=</tt>.
+#
+# If you're interested in prompts and return formats other than the defaults,
+# you might experiment by trying some of the others.
+#
+# ==== Custom Prompts
+#
+# You can also define custom prompts and return formats,
+# which may be done either in an \IRB session or in the configuration file.
+#
+# A prompt in \IRB actually defines three prompts, as seen above.
+# For simple custom data, we'll make all three the same:
+#
+#   irb(main):001* IRB.conf[:PROMPT][:MY_PROMPT] = {
+#   irb(main):002*   PROMPT_I: ': ',
+#   irb(main):003*   PROMPT_C: ': ',
+#   irb(main):004*   PROMPT_S: ': ',
+#   irb(main):005*   RETURN: '=> '
+#   irb(main):006> }
+#   => {:PROMPT_I=>": ", :PROMPT_C=>": ", :PROMPT_S=>": ", :RETURN=>"=> "}
+#
+# If you define the custom prompt in the configuration file,
+# you can also make it the current prompt by adding:
+#
+#   IRB.conf[:PROMPT_MODE] = :MY_PROMPT
+#
+# Regardless of where it's defined, you can make it the current prompt in a session:
+#
+#   conf.prompt_mode = :MY_PROMPT
+#
+# You can view or modify the current prompt data with various configuration methods:
+#
+# - <tt>conf.prompt_mode</tt>, <tt>conf.prompt_mode=</tt>.
+# - <tt>conf.prompt_c</tt>, <tt>conf.c=</tt>.
+# - <tt>conf.prompt_i</tt>, <tt>conf.i=</tt>.
+# - <tt>conf.prompt_s</tt>, <tt>conf.s=</tt>.
+# - <tt>conf.return_format</tt>, <tt>return_format=</tt>.
+#
+# ==== Prompt Specifiers
+#
+# A prompt's definition can include specifiers for which certain values are substituted:
+#
+# - <tt>%N</tt>: the name of the running program.
+# - <tt>%m</tt>: the value of <tt>self.to_s</tt>.
+# - <tt>%M</tt>: the value of <tt>self.inspect</tt>.
+# - <tt>%l</tt>: an indication of the type of string;
+#   one of <tt>"</tt>, <tt>'</tt>, <tt>/</tt>, <tt>]</tt>.
+# - <tt><i>NN</i>i</tt>: Indentation level.
+# - <tt><i>NN</i>n</tt>: Line number.
+# - <tt>%%</tt>: Literal <tt>%</tt>.
+#
+# === Verbosity
+#
+# By default, \IRB verbosity is disabled, which means that output is smaller
+# rather than larger.
+#
+# You can enable verbosity by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file: <tt>IRB.conf[:VERBOSE] = true</tt>
+#   (the default is +nil+).
+# - Giving command-line options <tt>--verbose</tt>
+#   (the default is <tt>--noverbose</tt>).
+#
+# During a session, you can retrieve or set verbosity with methods
+# <tt>conf.verbose</tt> and <tt>conf.verbose=</tt>.
+#
+# === Help
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>--version</tt> causes \IRB to print its help text
+# and exit.
+#
+# === Version
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>--version</tt> causes \IRB to print its version text
+# and exit.
+#
+# == Input and Output
+#
+# === \Color Highlighting
+#
+# By default, \IRB color highlighting is enabled, and is used for both:
+#
+# - Input: As you type, \IRB reads the typed characters and highlights
+#   elements that it recognizes;
+#   it also highlights errors such as mismatched parentheses.
+# - Output: \IRB highlights syntactical elements.
+#
+# You can disable color highlighting by:
+#
+# - Adding to the configuration file: <tt>IRB.conf[:USE_COLORIZE] = false</tt>
+#   (the default value is +true+).
+# - Giving command-line option <tt>--nocolorize</tt>
+#
+# == Debugging
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>-d</tt> sets variables <tt>$VERBOSE</tt>
+# and <tt>$DEBUG</tt> to +true+;
+# these have no effect on \IRB output.
+#
+# === Warnings
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>-w</tt> suppresses warnings.
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>-W[_level_]<tt>
+# sets warning level; 0=silence, 1=medium, 2=verbose.
+#
+# :stopdoc:
+# === Performance Measurement
+#
+# IRB.conf[:MEASURE] IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS] IRB.conf[:MEASURE_PROC]
+# :startdoc:
+#
+# == Other Features
+#
+# === Load Modules
+#
+# You can specify the names of modules that are to be required at startup.
+#
+# \Array <tt>conf.load_modules</tt> determines the modules (if any)
+# that are to be required during session startup.
+# The array is used only during session startup,
+# so the initial value is the only one that counts.
+#
+# The default initial value is <tt>[]</tt> (load no modules):
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.load_modules
+#   => []
+#
+# You can set the default initial value via:
+#
+# - Command-line option <tt>-r</tt>
+#
+#     $ irb -r csv -r json
+#    irb(main):001> conf.load_modules
+#    => ["csv", "json"]
+#
+# - \Hash entry <tt>IRB.conf[:LOAD_MODULES] = _array_</tt>:
+#
+#     IRB.conf[:LOAD_MODULES] = %w[csv, json]
+#
+# Note that the configuration file entry overrides the command-line options.
+#
+# === RI Documentation Directories
+#
+# You can specify the paths to RI documentation directories
+# that are to be loaded (in addition to the default directories) at startup;
+# see details about RI by typing <tt>ri --help</tt>.
+#
+# \Array <tt>conf.extra_doc_dirs</tt> determines the directories (if any)
+# that are to be loaded during session startup.
+# The array is used only during session startup,
+# so the initial value is the only one that counts.
+#
+# The default initial value is <tt>[]</tt> (load no extra documentation):
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.extra_doc_dirs
+#   => []
+#
+# You can set the default initial value via:
+#
+# - Command-line option <tt>--extra_doc_dir</tt>
+#
+#     $ irb --extra-doc-dir your_doc_dir --extra-doc-dir my_doc_dir
+#     irb(main):001> conf.extra_doc_dirs
+#     => ["your_doc_dir", "my_doc_dir"]
+#
+# - \Hash entry <tt>IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS] = _array_</tt>:
+#
+#     IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS] = %w[your_doc_dir my_doc_dir]
+#
+# Note that the configuration file entry overrides the command-line options.
+#
+# :stopdoc:
+# === \Context Mode
+#
+# IRB.conf[:CONTEXT_MODE]
+# :startdoc:
+#
+# === \IRB Name
+#
+# You can specify a name for \IRB.
+#
+# The default initial value is <tt>'irb'</tt>:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.irb_name
+#   => "irb"
+#
+# You can set the default initial value
+# via hash entry <tt>IRB.conf[:IRB_NAME] = _string_</tt>:
+#
+#   IRB.conf[:IRB_NAME] = 'foo'
+#
+# === Application Name
+#
+# You can specify an application name for the \IRB session.
+#
+# The default initial value is <tt>'irb'</tt>:
+#
+#   irb(main):001> conf.ap_name
+#   => "irb"
+#
+# You can set the default initial value
+# via hash entry <tt>IRB.conf[:AP_NAME] = _string_</tt>:
+#
+#   IRB.conf[:AP_NAME] = 'my_ap_name'
 #
-# JobManager provides commands to handle the current sessions:
+# === Configuration Monitor
 #
-#   jobs    # List of current sessions
-#   fg      # Switches to the session of the given number
-#   kill    # Kills the session with the given number
+# You can monitor changes to the configuration by assigning a proc
+# to <tt>IRB.conf[:IRB_RC]</tt> in the configuration file:
 #
-# The +exit+ command, or ::irb_exit, will quit the current session and call any
-# exit hooks with IRB.irb_at_exit.
+#   IRB.conf[:IRB_RC] = proc {|conf| puts conf.class }
 #
-# A few commands for loading files within the session are also available:
+# Each time the configuration is changed,
+# that proc is called with argument +conf+:
 #
-# +source+::
-#   Loads a given file in the current session and displays the source lines,
-#   see IrbLoader#source_file
-# +irb_load+::
-#   Loads the given file similarly to Kernel#load, see IrbLoader#irb_load
-# +irb_require+::
-#   Loads the given file similarly to Kernel#require
+# :stopdoc:
+# === \Locale
 #
-# === Configuration
+# IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES]
+# :startdoc:
+#
+# === Encodings
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>-E _ex_[:_in_]</tt>
+# sets initial external (ex) and internal (in) encodings.
+#
+# Command-line option <tt>-U</tt> sets both to UTF-8.
+#
+# === Commands
+#
+# Please use the `show_cmds` command to see the list of available commands.
+#
+# === IRB Sessions
+#
+# IRB has a special feature, that allows you to manage many sessions at once.
+#
+# You can create new sessions with Irb.irb, and get a list of current sessions
+# with the +jobs+ command in the prompt.
+#
+# ==== Configuration
 #
 # The command line options, or IRB.conf, specify the default behavior of
 # Irb.irb.
 #
-# On the other hand, each conf in IRB@Command+line+options is used to
+# On the other hand, each conf in IRB@Command-Line+Options is used to
 # individually configure IRB.irb.
 #
 # If a proc is set for <code>IRB.conf[:IRB_RC]</code>, its will be invoked after execution
 # of that proc with the context of the current session as its argument. Each
 # session can be configured using this mechanism.
 #
-# === Session variables
+# ==== Session variables
 #
 # There are a few variables in every Irb session that can come in handy:
 #
@@ -266,91 +866,19 @@ require_relative "irb/easter-egg"
 #   If +line_no+ is a negative, the return value +line_no+ many lines before
 #   the most recent return value.
 #
-# === Example using IRB Sessions
-#
-#   # invoke a new session
-#   irb(main):001:0> irb
-#   # list open sessions
-#   irb.1(main):001:0> jobs
-#     #0->irb on main (#<Thread:0x400fb7e4> : stop)
-#     #1->irb#1 on main (#<Thread:0x40125d64> : running)
-#
-#   # change the active session
-#   irb.1(main):002:0> fg 0
-#   # define class Foo in top-level session
-#   irb(main):002:0> class Foo;end
-#   # invoke a new session with the context of Foo
-#   irb(main):003:0> irb Foo
-#   # define Foo#foo
-#   irb.2(Foo):001:0> def foo
-#   irb.2(Foo):002:1>   print 1
-#   irb.2(Foo):003:1> end
-#
-#   # change the active session
-#   irb.2(Foo):004:0> fg 0
-#   # list open sessions
-#   irb(main):004:0> jobs
-#     #0->irb on main (#<Thread:0x400fb7e4> : running)
-#     #1->irb#1 on main (#<Thread:0x40125d64> : stop)
-#     #2->irb#2 on Foo (#<Thread:0x4011d54c> : stop)
-#   # check if Foo#foo is available
-#   irb(main):005:0> Foo.instance_methods #=> [:foo, ...]
-#
-#   # change the active session
-#   irb(main):006:0> fg 2
-#   # define Foo#bar in the context of Foo
-#   irb.2(Foo):005:0> def bar
-#   irb.2(Foo):006:1>  print "bar"
-#   irb.2(Foo):007:1> end
-#   irb.2(Foo):010:0>  Foo.instance_methods #=> [:bar, :foo, ...]
-#
-#   # change the active session
-#   irb.2(Foo):011:0> fg 0
-#   irb(main):007:0> f = Foo.new  #=> #<Foo:0x4010af3c>
-#   # invoke a new session with the context of f (instance of Foo)
-#   irb(main):008:0> irb f
-#   # list open sessions
-#   irb.3(<Foo:0x4010af3c>):001:0> jobs
-#     #0->irb on main (#<Thread:0x400fb7e4> : stop)
-#     #1->irb#1 on main (#<Thread:0x40125d64> : stop)
-#     #2->irb#2 on Foo (#<Thread:0x4011d54c> : stop)
-#     #3->irb#3 on #<Foo:0x4010af3c> (#<Thread:0x4010a1e0> : running)
-#   # evaluate f.foo
-#   irb.3(<Foo:0x4010af3c>):002:0> foo #=> 1 => nil
-#   # evaluate f.bar
-#   irb.3(<Foo:0x4010af3c>):003:0> bar #=> bar => nil
-#   # kill jobs 1, 2, and 3
-#   irb.3(<Foo:0x4010af3c>):004:0> kill 1, 2, 3
-#   # list open sessions, should only include main session
-#   irb(main):009:0> jobs
-#     #0->irb on main (#<Thread:0x400fb7e4> : running)
-#   # quit irb
-#   irb(main):010:0> exit
+# == Restrictions
+#
+# Ruby code typed into \IRB behaves the same as Ruby code in a file, except that:
+#
+# - Because \IRB evaluates input immediately after it is syntactically complete,
+#   some results may be slightly different.
+# - Forking may not be well behaved.
+#
 module IRB
 
   # An exception raised by IRB.irb_abort
   class Abort < Exception;end
 
-  @CONF = {}
-
-
-  # Displays current configuration.
-  #
-  # Modifying the configuration is achieved by sending a message to IRB.conf.
-  #
-  # See IRB@Configuration for more information.
-  def IRB.conf
-    @CONF
-  end
-
-  # Returns the current version of IRB, including release version and last
-  # updated date.
-  def IRB.version
-    if v = @CONF[:VERSION] then return v end
-
-    @CONF[:VERSION] = format("irb %s (%s)", @RELEASE_VERSION, @LAST_UPDATE_DATE)
-  end
-
   # The current IRB::Context of the session, see IRB.conf
   #
   #   irb
@@ -375,11 +903,6 @@ module IRB
     irb.run(@CONF)
   end
 
-  # Calls each event hook of <code>IRB.conf[:AT_EXIT]</code> when the current session quits.
-  def IRB.irb_at_exit
-    @CONF[:AT_EXIT].each{|hook| hook.call}
-  end
-
   # Quits irb
   def IRB.irb_exit(irb, ret)
     throw :IRB_EXIT, ret
@@ -389,55 +912,87 @@ module IRB
   #
   # Will raise an Abort exception, or the given +exception+.
   def IRB.irb_abort(irb, exception = Abort)
-    if defined? Thread
-      irb.context.thread.raise exception, "abort then interrupt!"
-    else
-      raise exception, "abort then interrupt!"
-    end
+    irb.context.thread.raise exception, "abort then interrupt!"
   end
 
   class Irb
-    ASSIGNMENT_NODE_TYPES = [
-      # Local, instance, global, class, constant, instance, and index assignment:
-      #   "foo = bar",
-      #   "@foo = bar",
-      #   "$foo = bar",
-      #   "@@foo = bar",
-      #   "::Foo = bar",
-      #   "a::Foo = bar",
-      #   "Foo = bar"
-      #   "foo.bar = 1"
-      #   "foo[1] = bar"
-      :assign,
-
-      # Operation assignment:
-      #   "foo += bar"
-      #   "foo -= bar"
-      #   "foo ||= bar"
-      #   "foo &&= bar"
-      :opassign,
-
-      # Multiple assignment:
-      #   "foo, bar = 1, 2
-      :massign,
-    ]
     # Note: instance and index assignment expressions could also be written like:
     # "foo.bar=(1)" and "foo.[]=(1, bar)", when expressed that way, the former
     # be parsed as :assign and echo will be suppressed, but the latter is
     # parsed as a :method_add_arg and the output won't be suppressed
 
+    PROMPT_MAIN_TRUNCATE_LENGTH = 32
+    PROMPT_MAIN_TRUNCATE_OMISSION = '...'.freeze
+    CONTROL_CHARACTERS_PATTERN = "\x00-\x1F".freeze
+
+    # Returns the current context of this irb session
+    attr_reader :context
+    # The lexer used by this irb session
+    attr_accessor :scanner
+
     # Creates a new irb session
     def initialize(workspace = nil, input_method = nil)
       @context = Context.new(self, workspace, input_method)
-      @context.main.extend ExtendCommandBundle
+      @context.workspace.load_commands_to_main
       @signal_status = :IN_IRB
       @scanner = RubyLex.new
+      @line_no = 1
+    end
+
+    # A hook point for `debug` command's breakpoint after :IRB_EXIT as well as its clean-up
+    def debug_break
+      # it means the debug integration has been activated
+      if defined?(DEBUGGER__) && DEBUGGER__.respond_to?(:capture_frames_without_irb)
+        # after leaving this initial breakpoint, revert the capture_frames patch
+        DEBUGGER__.singleton_class.send(:alias_method, :capture_frames, :capture_frames_without_irb)
+        # and remove the redundant method
+        DEBUGGER__.singleton_class.send(:undef_method, :capture_frames_without_irb)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def debug_readline(binding)
+      workspace = IRB::WorkSpace.new(binding)
+      context.workspace = workspace
+      context.workspace.load_commands_to_main
+      @line_no += 1
+
+      # When users run:
+      # 1. Debugging commands, like `step 2`
+      # 2. Any input that's not irb-command, like `foo = 123`
+      #
+      # Irb#eval_input will simply return the input, and we need to pass it to the debugger.
+      input = if IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] && context.io.support_history_saving?
+        # Previous IRB session's history has been saved when `Irb#run` is exited
+        # We need to make sure the saved history is not saved again by reseting the counter
+        context.io.reset_history_counter
+
+        begin
+          eval_input
+        ensure
+          context.io.save_history
+        end
+      else
+        eval_input
+      end
+
+      if input&.include?("\n")
+        @line_no += input.count("\n") - 1
+      end
+
+      input
     end
 
     def run(conf = IRB.conf)
+      in_nested_session = !!conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT]
       conf[:IRB_RC].call(context) if conf[:IRB_RC]
       conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT] = context
 
+      save_history = !in_nested_session && conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] && context.io.support_history_saving?
+
+      if save_history
+        context.io.load_history
+      end
+
       prev_trap = trap("SIGINT") do
         signal_handle
       end
@@ -449,91 +1004,26 @@ module IRB
       ensure
         trap("SIGINT", prev_trap)
         conf[:AT_EXIT].each{|hook| hook.call}
+        context.io.save_history if save_history
       end
     end
 
-    # Returns the current context of this irb session
-    attr_reader :context
-    # The lexer used by this irb session
-    attr_accessor :scanner
-
     # Evaluates input for this session.
     def eval_input
-      exc = nil
-
-      @scanner.set_prompt do
-        |ltype, indent, continue, line_no|
-        if ltype
-          f = @context.prompt_s
-        elsif continue
-          f = @context.prompt_c
-        elsif indent > 0
-          f = @context.prompt_n
-        else
-          f = @context.prompt_i
-        end
-        f = "" unless f
-        if @context.prompting?
-          @context.io.prompt = p = prompt(f, ltype, indent, line_no)
-        else
-          @context.io.prompt = p = ""
-        end
-        if @context.auto_indent_mode and !@context.io.respond_to?(:auto_indent)
-          unless ltype
-            prompt_i = @context.prompt_i.nil? ? "" : @context.prompt_i
-            ind = prompt(prompt_i, ltype, indent, line_no)[/.*\z/].size +
-              indent * 2 - p.size
-            ind += 2 if continue
-            @context.io.prompt = p + " " * ind if ind > 0
-          end
-        end
-        @context.io.prompt
-      end
-
-      @scanner.set_input(@context.io, context: @context) do
-        signal_status(:IN_INPUT) do
-          if l = @context.io.gets
-            print l if @context.verbose?
-          else
-            if @context.ignore_eof? and @context.io.readable_after_eof?
-              l = "\n"
-              if @context.verbose?
-                printf "Use \"exit\" to leave %s\n", @context.ap_name
-              end
-            else
-              print "\n" if @context.prompting?
-            end
-          end
-          l
-        end
-      end
+      configure_io
 
-      @scanner.set_auto_indent(@context) if @context.auto_indent_mode
-
-      @scanner.each_top_level_statement do |line, line_no|
+      each_top_level_statement do |statement, line_no|
         signal_status(:IN_EVAL) do
           begin
-            line.untaint if RUBY_VERSION < '2.7'
-            if IRB.conf[:MEASURE] && IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].empty?
-              IRB.set_measure_callback
+            # If the integration with debugger is activated, we return certain input if it should be dealt with by debugger
+            if @context.with_debugger && statement.should_be_handled_by_debugger?
+              return statement.code
             end
-            if IRB.conf[:MEASURE] && !IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].empty?
-              result = nil
-              last_proc = proc{ result = @context.evaluate(line, line_no, exception: exc) }
-              IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].inject(last_proc) { |chain, item|
-                _name, callback, arg = item
-                proc {
-                  callback.(@context, line, line_no, arg, exception: exc) do
-                    chain.call
-                  end
-                }
-              }.call
-              @context.set_last_value(result)
-            else
-              @context.evaluate(line, line_no, exception: exc)
-            end
-            if @context.echo?
-              if assignment_expression?(line)
+
+            @context.evaluate(statement.evaluable_code, line_no)
+
+            if @context.echo? && !statement.suppresses_echo?
+              if statement.is_assignment?
                 if @context.echo_on_assignment?
                   output_value(@context.echo_on_assignment? == :truncate)
                 end
@@ -541,17 +1031,146 @@ module IRB
                 output_value
               end
             end
-          rescue Interrupt => exc
           rescue SystemExit, SignalException
             raise
-          rescue Exception => exc
+          rescue Interrupt, Exception => exc
+            handle_exception(exc)
+            @context.workspace.local_variable_set(:_, exc)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def read_input(prompt)
+      signal_status(:IN_INPUT) do
+        @context.io.prompt = prompt
+        if l = @context.io.gets
+          print l if @context.verbose?
+        else
+          if @context.ignore_eof? and @context.io.readable_after_eof?
+            l = "\n"
+            if @context.verbose?
+              printf "Use \"exit\" to leave %s\n", @context.ap_name
+            end
+          else
+            print "\n" if @context.prompting?
+          end
+        end
+        l
+      end
+    end
+
+    def readmultiline
+      prompt = generate_prompt([], false, 0)
+
+      # multiline
+      return read_input(prompt) if @context.io.respond_to?(:check_termination)
+
+      # nomultiline
+      code = ''
+      line_offset = 0
+      loop do
+        line = read_input(prompt)
+        unless line
+          return code.empty? ? nil : code
+        end
+
+        code << line
+
+        # Accept any single-line input for symbol aliases or commands that transform args
+        return code if single_line_command?(code)
+
+        tokens, opens, terminated = @scanner.check_code_state(code, local_variables: @context.local_variables)
+        return code if terminated
+
+        line_offset += 1
+        continue = @scanner.should_continue?(tokens)
+        prompt = generate_prompt(opens, continue, line_offset)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def each_top_level_statement
+      loop do
+        code = readmultiline
+        break unless code
+
+        if code != "\n"
+          yield build_statement(code), @line_no
+        end
+        @line_no += code.count("\n")
+      rescue RubyLex::TerminateLineInput
+      end
+    end
+
+    def build_statement(code)
+      code.force_encoding(@context.io.encoding)
+      command_or_alias, arg = code.split(/\s/, 2)
+      # Transform a non-identifier alias (@, $) or keywords (next, break)
+      command_name = @context.command_aliases[command_or_alias.to_sym]
+      command = command_name || command_or_alias
+      command_class = ExtendCommandBundle.load_command(command)
+
+      if command_class
+        Statement::Command.new(code, command, arg, command_class)
+      else
+        is_assignment_expression = @scanner.assignment_expression?(code, local_variables: @context.local_variables)
+        Statement::Expression.new(code, is_assignment_expression)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def single_line_command?(code)
+      command = code.split(/\s/, 2).first
+      @context.symbol_alias?(command) || @context.transform_args?(command)
+    end
+
+    def configure_io
+      if @context.io.respond_to?(:check_termination)
+        @context.io.check_termination do |code|
+          if Reline::IOGate.in_pasting?
+            rest = @scanner.check_termination_in_prev_line(code, local_variables: @context.local_variables)
+            if rest
+              Reline.delete_text
+              rest.bytes.reverse_each do |c|
+                Reline.ungetc(c)
+              end
+              true
+            else
+              false
+            end
           else
-            exc = nil
-            next
+            # Accept any single-line input for symbol aliases or commands that transform args
+            next true if single_line_command?(code)
+
+            _tokens, _opens, terminated = @scanner.check_code_state(code, local_variables: @context.local_variables)
+            terminated
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      if @context.io.respond_to?(:dynamic_prompt)
+        @context.io.dynamic_prompt do |lines|
+          lines << '' if lines.empty?
+          tokens = RubyLex.ripper_lex_without_warning(lines.map{ |l| l + "\n" }.join, local_variables: @context.local_variables)
+          line_results = IRB::NestingParser.parse_by_line(tokens)
+          tokens_until_line = []
+          line_results.map.with_index do |(line_tokens, _prev_opens, next_opens, _min_depth), line_num_offset|
+            line_tokens.each do |token, _s|
+              # Avoid appending duplicated token. Tokens that include "\n" like multiline tstring_content can exist in multiple lines.
+              tokens_until_line << token if token != tokens_until_line.last
+            end
+            continue = @scanner.should_continue?(tokens_until_line)
+            generate_prompt(next_opens, continue, line_num_offset)
           end
-          handle_exception(exc)
-          @context.workspace.local_variable_set(:_, exc)
-          exc = nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      if @context.io.respond_to?(:auto_indent) and @context.auto_indent_mode
+        @context.io.auto_indent do |lines, line_index, byte_pointer, is_newline|
+          next nil if lines == [nil] # Workaround for exit IRB with CTRL+d
+          next nil if !is_newline && lines[line_index]&.byteslice(0, byte_pointer)&.match?(/\A\s*\z/)
+
+          code = lines[0..line_index].map { |l| "#{l}\n" }.join
+          tokens = RubyLex.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, local_variables: @context.local_variables)
+          @scanner.process_indent_level(tokens, lines, line_index, is_newline)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -586,7 +1205,7 @@ module IRB
     end
 
     def handle_exception(exc)
-      if exc.backtrace && exc.backtrace[0] =~ /\/irb(2)?(\/.*|-.*|\.rb)?:/ && exc.class.to_s !~ /^IRB/ &&
+      if exc.backtrace[0] =~ /\/irb(2)?(\/.*|-.*|\.rb)?:/ && exc.class.to_s !~ /^IRB/ &&
          !(SyntaxError === exc) && !(EncodingError === exc)
         # The backtrace of invalid encoding hash (ex. {"\xAE": 1}) raises EncodingError without lineno.
         irb_bug = true
@@ -594,49 +1213,49 @@ module IRB
         irb_bug = false
       end
 
-      if exc.backtrace
-        order = nil
-        if '2.5.0' == RUBY_VERSION
-          # Exception#full_message doesn't have keyword arguments.
-          message = exc.full_message # the same of (highlight: true, order: bottom)
+      if RUBY_VERSION < '3.0.0'
+        if STDOUT.tty?
+          message = exc.full_message(order: :bottom)
           order = :bottom
-        elsif '2.5.1' <= RUBY_VERSION && RUBY_VERSION < '3.0.0'
-          if STDOUT.tty?
-            message = exc.full_message(order: :bottom)
-            order = :bottom
-          else
-            message = exc.full_message(order: :top)
-            order = :top
-          end
-        else # '3.0.0' <= RUBY_VERSION
+        else
           message = exc.full_message(order: :top)
           order = :top
         end
-        message = convert_invalid_byte_sequence(message, exc.message.encoding)
-        message = encode_with_invalid_byte_sequence(message, IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding) unless message.encoding.to_s.casecmp?(IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding.to_s)
-        message = message.gsub(/((?:^\t.+$\n)+)/)  { |m|
-          case order
-          when :top
-            lines = m.split("\n")
-          when :bottom
-            lines = m.split("\n").reverse
-          end
-          unless irb_bug
-            lines = lines.map { |l| @context.workspace.filter_backtrace(l) }.compact
-            if lines.size > @context.back_trace_limit
-              omit = lines.size - @context.back_trace_limit
-              lines = lines[0..(@context.back_trace_limit - 1)]
-              lines << "\t... %d levels..." % omit
-            end
+      else # '3.0.0' <= RUBY_VERSION
+        message = exc.full_message(order: :top)
+        order = :top
+      end
+      message = convert_invalid_byte_sequence(message, exc.message.encoding)
+      message = encode_with_invalid_byte_sequence(message, IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding) unless message.encoding.to_s.casecmp?(IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding.to_s)
+      message = message.gsub(/((?:^\t.+$\n)+)/) { |m|
+        case order
+        when :top
+          lines = m.split("\n")
+        when :bottom
+          lines = m.split("\n").reverse
+        end
+        unless irb_bug
+          lines = lines.map { |l| @context.workspace.filter_backtrace(l) }.compact
+          if lines.size > @context.back_trace_limit
+            omit = lines.size - @context.back_trace_limit
+            lines = lines[0..(@context.back_trace_limit - 1)]
+            lines << "\t... %d levels..." % omit
           end
-          lines = lines.reverse if order == :bottom
-          lines.map{ |l| l + "\n" }.join
-        }
-        # The "<top (required)>" in "(irb)" may be the top level of IRB so imitate the main object.
-        message = message.gsub(/\(irb\):(?<num>\d+):in `<(?<frame>top \(required\))>'/)  { "(irb):#{$~[:num]}:in `<main>'" }
-        puts message
+        end
+        lines = lines.reverse if order == :bottom
+        lines.map{ |l| l + "\n" }.join
+      }
+      # The "<top (required)>" in "(irb)" may be the top level of IRB so imitate the main object.
+      message = message.gsub(/\(irb\):(?<num>\d+):in `<(?<frame>top \(required\))>'/) { "(irb):#{$~[:num]}:in `<main>'" }
+      puts message
+      puts 'Maybe IRB bug!' if irb_bug
+    rescue Exception => handler_exc
+      begin
+        puts exc.inspect
+        puts "backtraces are hidden because #{handler_exc} was raised when processing them"
+      rescue Exception
+        puts 'Uninspectable exception occurred'
       end
-      print "Maybe IRB bug!\n" if irb_bug
     end
 
     # Evaluates the given block using the given +path+ as the Context#irb_path
@@ -684,16 +1303,6 @@ module IRB
       end
     end
 
-    # Evaluates the given block using the given +context+ as the Context.
-    def suspend_context(context)
-      @context, back_context = context, @context
-      begin
-        yield back_context
-      ensure
-        @context = back_context
-      end
-    end
-
     # Handler for the signal SIGINT, see Kernel#trap for more information.
     def signal_handle
       unless @context.ignore_sigint?
@@ -729,45 +1338,6 @@ module IRB
       end
     end
 
-    def prompt(prompt, ltype, indent, line_no) # :nodoc:
-      p = prompt.dup
-      p.gsub!(/%([0-9]+)?([a-zA-Z])/) do
-        case $2
-        when "N"
-          @context.irb_name
-        when "m"
-          @context.main.to_s
-        when "M"
-          @context.main.inspect
-        when "l"
-          ltype
-        when "i"
-          if indent < 0
-            if $1
-              "-".rjust($1.to_i)
-            else
-              "-"
-            end
-          else
-            if $1
-              format("%" + $1 + "d", indent)
-            else
-              indent.to_s
-            end
-          end
-        when "n"
-          if $1
-            format("%" + $1 + "d", line_no)
-          else
-            line_no.to_s
-          end
-        when "%"
-          "%"
-        end
-      end
-      p
-    end
-
     def output_value(omit = false) # :nodoc:
       str = @context.inspect_last_value
       multiline_p = str.include?("\n")
@@ -797,11 +1367,12 @@ module IRB
           end
         end
       end
+
       if multiline_p && @context.newline_before_multiline_output?
-        printf @context.return_format, "\n#{str}"
-      else
-        printf @context.return_format, str
+        str = "\n" + str
       end
+
+      Pager.page_content(format(@context.return_format, str), retain_content: true)
     end
 
     # Outputs the local variables to this current session, including
@@ -821,47 +1392,85 @@ module IRB
       format("#<%s: %s>", self.class, ary.join(", "))
     end
 
-    def assignment_expression?(line)
-      # Try to parse the line and check if the last of possibly multiple
-      # expressions is an assignment type.
-
-      # If the expression is invalid, Ripper.sexp should return nil which will
-      # result in false being returned. Any valid expression should return an
-      # s-expression where the second element of the top level array is an
-      # array of parsed expressions. The first element of each expression is the
-      # expression's type.
-      verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
-      result = ASSIGNMENT_NODE_TYPES.include?(Ripper.sexp(line)&.dig(1,-1,0))
-      $VERBOSE = verbose
-      result
-    end
+    private
 
-    ATTR_TTY = "\e[%sm"
-    def ATTR_TTY.[](*a) self % a.join(";"); end
-    ATTR_PLAIN = ""
-    def ATTR_PLAIN.[](*) self; end
-  end
+    def generate_prompt(opens, continue, line_offset)
+      ltype = @scanner.ltype_from_open_tokens(opens)
+      indent = @scanner.calc_indent_level(opens)
+      continue = opens.any? || continue
+      line_no = @line_no + line_offset
+
+      if ltype
+        f = @context.prompt_s
+      elsif continue
+        f = @context.prompt_c
+      else
+        f = @context.prompt_i
+      end
+      f = "" unless f
+      if @context.prompting?
+        p = format_prompt(f, ltype, indent, line_no)
+      else
+        p = ""
+      end
+      if @context.auto_indent_mode and !@context.io.respond_to?(:auto_indent)
+        unless ltype
+          prompt_i = @context.prompt_i.nil? ? "" : @context.prompt_i
+          ind = format_prompt(prompt_i, ltype, indent, line_no)[/.*\z/].size +
+            indent * 2 - p.size
+          p += " " * ind if ind > 0
+        end
+      end
+      p
+    end
 
-  def @CONF.inspect
-    IRB.version unless self[:VERSION]
-
-    array = []
-    for k, v in sort{|a1, a2| a1[0].id2name <=> a2[0].id2name}
-      case k
-      when :MAIN_CONTEXT, :__TMP__EHV__
-        array.push format("CONF[:%s]=...myself...", k.id2name)
-      when :PROMPT
-        s = v.collect{
-          |kk, vv|
-          ss = vv.collect{|kkk, vvv| ":#{kkk.id2name}=>#{vvv.inspect}"}
-          format(":%s=>{%s}", kk.id2name, ss.join(", "))
-        }
-        array.push format("CONF[:%s]={%s}", k.id2name, s.join(", "))
+    def truncate_prompt_main(str) # :nodoc:
+      str = str.tr(CONTROL_CHARACTERS_PATTERN, ' ')
+      if str.size <= PROMPT_MAIN_TRUNCATE_LENGTH
+        str
       else
-        array.push format("CONF[:%s]=%s", k.id2name, v.inspect)
+        str[0, PROMPT_MAIN_TRUNCATE_LENGTH - PROMPT_MAIN_TRUNCATE_OMISSION.size] + PROMPT_MAIN_TRUNCATE_OMISSION
+      end
+    end
+
+    def format_prompt(format, ltype, indent, line_no) # :nodoc:
+      format.gsub(/%([0-9]+)?([a-zA-Z])/) do
+        case $2
+        when "N"
+          @context.irb_name
+        when "m"
+          main_str = @context.main.to_s rescue "!#{$!.class}"
+          truncate_prompt_main(main_str)
+        when "M"
+          main_str = @context.main.inspect rescue "!#{$!.class}"
+          truncate_prompt_main(main_str)
+        when "l"
+          ltype
+        when "i"
+          if indent < 0
+            if $1
+              "-".rjust($1.to_i)
+            else
+              "-"
+            end
+          else
+            if $1
+              format("%" + $1 + "d", indent)
+            else
+              indent.to_s
+            end
+          end
+        when "n"
+          if $1
+            format("%" + $1 + "d", line_no)
+          else
+            line_no.to_s
+          end
+        when "%"
+          "%"
+        end
       end
     end
-    array.join("\n")
   end
 end
 
@@ -921,14 +1530,34 @@ class Binding
   #     irb(#<Potato:0x00007feea1916670>):005:0> exit
   #     Cooked potato: true
   #
-  #
-  # See IRB@IRB+Usage for more information.
-  def irb
+  # See IRB for more information.
+  def irb(show_code: true)
+    # Setup IRB with the current file's path and no command line arguments
     IRB.setup(source_location[0], argv: [])
+    # Create a new workspace using the current binding
     workspace = IRB::WorkSpace.new(self)
-    STDOUT.print(workspace.code_around_binding)
-    binding_irb = IRB::Irb.new(workspace)
-    binding_irb.context.irb_path = File.expand_path(source_location[0])
-    binding_irb.run(IRB.conf)
+    # Print the code around the binding if show_code is true
+    STDOUT.print(workspace.code_around_binding) if show_code
+    # Get the original IRB instance
+    debugger_irb = IRB.instance_variable_get(:@debugger_irb)
+
+    irb_path = File.expand_path(source_location[0])
+
+    if debugger_irb
+      # If we're already in a debugger session, set the workspace and irb_path for the original IRB instance
+      debugger_irb.context.workspace = workspace
+      debugger_irb.context.irb_path = irb_path
+      # If we've started a debugger session and hit another binding.irb, we don't want to start an IRB session
+      # instead, we want to resume the irb:rdbg session.
+      IRB::Debug.setup(debugger_irb)
+      IRB::Debug.insert_debug_break
+      debugger_irb.debug_break
+    else
+      # If we're not in a debugger session, create a new IRB instance with the current workspace
+      binding_irb = IRB::Irb.new(workspace)
+      binding_irb.context.irb_path = irb_path
+      binding_irb.run(IRB.conf)
+      binding_irb.debug_break
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/backtrace.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/backtrace.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f632894618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/backtrace.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Backtrace < DebugCommand
+      def self.transform_args(args)
+        args&.dump
+      end
+
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(pre_cmds: ["backtrace", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/break.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/break.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df259a90ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/break.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Break < DebugCommand
+      def self.transform_args(args)
+        args&.dump
+      end
+
+      def execute(args = nil)
+        super(pre_cmds: "break #{args}")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/catch.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/catch.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40b62c7533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/catch.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Catch < DebugCommand
+      def self.transform_args(args)
+        args&.dump
+      end
+
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(pre_cmds: ["catch", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/chws.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/chws.rb
index b28c090686..31045f9bbb 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/chws.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/chws.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   change-ws.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "nop"
 require_relative "../ext/change-ws"
@@ -19,12 +13,18 @@ module IRB
   module ExtendCommand
 
     class CurrentWorkingWorkspace < Nop
+      category "Workspace"
+      description "Show the current workspace."
+
       def execute(*obj)
         irb_context.main
       end
     end
 
     class ChangeWorkspace < Nop
+      category "Workspace"
+      description "Change the current workspace to an object."
+
       def execute(*obj)
         irb_context.change_workspace(*obj)
         irb_context.main
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/continue.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/continue.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9136177eef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/continue.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Continue < DebugCommand
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(do_cmds: ["continue", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/debug.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/debug.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e236084ca4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/debug.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "../debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Debug < Nop
+      category "Debugging"
+      description "Start the debugger of debug.gem."
+
+      BINDING_IRB_FRAME_REGEXPS = [
+        '<internal:prelude>',
+        binding.method(:irb).source_location.first,
+      ].map { |file| /\A#{Regexp.escape(file)}:\d+:in `irb'\z/ }
+
+      def execute(pre_cmds: nil, do_cmds: nil)
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          # If IRB is already running with a debug session, throw the command and IRB.debug_readline will pass it to the debugger.
+          if cmd = pre_cmds || do_cmds
+            throw :IRB_EXIT, cmd
+          else
+            puts "IRB is already running with a debug session."
+            return
+          end
+        else
+          # If IRB is not running with a debug session yet, then:
+          # 1. Check if the debugging command is run from a `binding.irb` call.
+          # 2. If so, try setting up the debug gem.
+          # 3. Insert a debug breakpoint at `Irb#debug_break` with the intended command.
+          # 4. Exit the current Irb#run call via `throw :IRB_EXIT`.
+          # 5. `Irb#debug_break` will be called and trigger the breakpoint, which will run the intended command.
+          unless binding_irb?
+            puts "Debugging commands are only available when IRB is started with binding.irb"
+            return
+          end
+
+          if IRB.respond_to?(:JobManager)
+            warn "Can't start the debugger when IRB is running in a multi-IRB session."
+            return
+          end
+
+          unless IRB::Debug.setup(irb_context.irb)
+            puts <<~MSG
+              You need to install the debug gem before using this command.
+              If you use `bundle exec`, please add `gem "debug"` into your Gemfile.
+            MSG
+            return
+          end
+
+          IRB::Debug.insert_debug_break(pre_cmds: pre_cmds, do_cmds: do_cmds)
+
+          # exit current Irb#run call
+          throw :IRB_EXIT
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def binding_irb?
+        caller.any? do |frame|
+          BINDING_IRB_FRAME_REGEXPS.any? do |regexp|
+            frame.match?(regexp)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class DebugCommand < Debug
+      def self.category
+        "Debugging"
+      end
+
+      def self.description
+        command_name = self.name.split("::").last.downcase
+        "Start the debugger of debug.gem and run its `#{command_name}` command."
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/delete.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/delete.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aeb26d2572
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/delete.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Delete < DebugCommand
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(pre_cmds: ["delete", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/edit.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/edit.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69606beea0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/edit.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+require 'shellwords'
+require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "../source_finder"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Edit < Nop
+      category "Misc"
+      description 'Open a file with the editor command defined with `ENV["VISUAL"]` or `ENV["EDITOR"]`.'
+
+      class << self
+        def transform_args(args)
+          # Return a string literal as is for backward compatibility
+          if args.nil? || args.empty? || string_literal?(args)
+            args
+          else # Otherwise, consider the input as a String for convenience
+            args.strip.dump
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def execute(*args)
+        path = args.first
+
+        if path.nil? && (irb_path = @irb_context.irb_path)
+          path = irb_path
+        end
+
+        if !File.exist?(path)
+          source =
+            begin
+              SourceFinder.new(@irb_context).find_source(path)
+            rescue NameError
+              # if user enters a path that doesn't exist, it'll cause NameError when passed here because find_source would try to evaluate it as well
+              # in this case, we should just ignore the error
+            end
+
+          if source
+            path = source.file
+          else
+            puts "Can not find file: #{path}"
+            return
+          end
+        end
+
+        if editor = (ENV['VISUAL'] || ENV['EDITOR'])
+          puts "command: '#{editor}'"
+          puts "   path: #{path}"
+          system(*Shellwords.split(editor), path)
+        else
+          puts "Can not find editor setting: ENV['VISUAL'] or ENV['EDITOR']"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/finish.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/finish.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29f100feb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/finish.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Finish < DebugCommand
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(do_cmds: ["finish", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/fork.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/fork.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 255a670dce..0000000000
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/fork.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#
-#   fork.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6 $
-#   	$Revision$
-#   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
-#
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-
-require_relative "nop"
-
-module IRB
-  # :stopdoc:
-
-  module ExtendCommand
-    class Fork < Nop
-      def execute
-        pid = __send__ ExtendCommand.irb_original_method_name("fork")
-        unless pid
-          class << self
-            alias_method :exit, ExtendCommand.irb_original_method_name('exit')
-          end
-          if block_given?
-            begin
-              yield
-            ensure
-              exit
-            end
-          end
-        end
-        pid
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  # :startdoc:
-end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/help.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/help.rb
index 0497c57457..64b885c383 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/help.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/help.rb
@@ -1,49 +1,23 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#
-#   help.rb - helper using ri
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
-#
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "show_doc"
 
 module IRB
-  # :stopdoc:
-
   module ExtendCommand
-    class Help < Nop
+    class Help < ShowDoc
+      category "Context"
+      description "[DEPRECATED] Enter the mode to look up RI documents."
+
+      DEPRECATION_MESSAGE = <<~MSG
+        [Deprecation] The `help` command will be repurposed to display command help in the future.
+        For RI document lookup, please use the `show_doc` command instead.
+        For command help, please use `show_cmds` for now.
+      MSG
+
       def execute(*names)
-        require 'rdoc/ri/driver'
-        opts = RDoc::RI::Driver.process_args([])
-        IRB::ExtendCommand::Help.const_set(:Ri, RDoc::RI::Driver.new(opts))
-      rescue LoadError, SystemExit
-        IRB::ExtendCommand::Help.remove_method(:execute)
-        # raise NoMethodError in ensure
-      else
-        def execute(*names)
-          if names.empty?
-            Ri.interactive
-            return
-          end
-          names.each do |name|
-            begin
-              Ri.display_name(name.to_s)
-            rescue RDoc::RI::Error
-              puts $!.message
-            end
-          end
-          nil
-        end
-        nil
-      ensure
-        execute(*names)
+        warn DEPRECATION_MESSAGE
+        super
       end
     end
   end
-
-  # :startdoc:
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/history.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/history.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b712fa44d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/history.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "stringio"
+require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "../pager"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class History < Nop
+      category "IRB"
+      description "Shows the input history. `-g [query]` or `-G [query]` allows you to filter the output."
+
+      def self.transform_args(args)
+        match = args&.match(/(-g|-G)\s+(?<grep>.+)\s*\n\z/)
+        return unless match
+
+        "grep: #{Regexp.new(match[:grep]).inspect}"
+      end
+
+      def execute(grep: nil)
+        formatted_inputs = irb_context.io.class::HISTORY.each_with_index.reverse_each.filter_map do |input, index|
+          next if grep && !input.match?(grep)
+
+          header = "#{index}: "
+
+          first_line, *other_lines = input.split("\n")
+          first_line = "#{header}#{first_line}"
+
+          truncated_lines = other_lines.slice!(1..) # Show 1 additional line (2 total)
+          other_lines << "..." if truncated_lines&.any?
+
+          other_lines.map! do |line|
+            " " * header.length + line
+          end
+
+          [first_line, *other_lines].join("\n") + "\n"
+        end
+
+        Pager.page_content(formatted_inputs.join)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/info.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/info.rb
index 37ecd762ff..2c0a32b34f 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/info.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/info.rb
@@ -1,31 +1,18 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "debug"
 
 module IRB
   # :stopdoc:
 
   module ExtendCommand
-    class Info < Nop
-      def execute
-        Class.new {
-          def inspect
-            str  = "Ruby version: #{RUBY_VERSION}\n"
-            str += "IRB version: #{IRB.version}\n"
-            str += "InputMethod: #{IRB.CurrentContext.io.inspect}\n"
-            str += ".irbrc path: #{IRB.rc_file}\n" if File.exist?(IRB.rc_file)
-            str += "RUBY_PLATFORM: #{RUBY_PLATFORM}\n"
-            str += "LANG env: #{ENV["LANG"]}\n" if ENV["LANG"] && !ENV["LANG"].empty?
-            str += "LC_ALL env: #{ENV["LC_ALL"]}\n" if ENV["LC_ALL"] && !ENV["LC_ALL"].empty?
-            str += "East Asian Ambiguous Width: #{Reline.ambiguous_width.inspect}\n"
-            if RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /mswin|msys|mingw|cygwin|bccwin|wince|emc/
-              codepage = `chcp`.b.sub(/.*: (\d+)\n/, '\1')
-              str += "Code page: #{codepage}\n"
-            end
-            str
-          end
-          alias_method :to_s, :inspect
-        }.new
+    class Info < DebugCommand
+      def self.transform_args(args)
+        args&.dump
+      end
+
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(pre_cmds: ["info", *args].join(" "))
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/irb_info.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/irb_info.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b905a09bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/irb_info.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: false
+
+require_relative "nop"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class IrbInfo < Nop
+      category "IRB"
+      description "Show information about IRB."
+
+      def execute
+        str  = "Ruby version: #{RUBY_VERSION}\n"
+        str += "IRB version: #{IRB.version}\n"
+        str += "InputMethod: #{IRB.CurrentContext.io.inspect}\n"
+        str += "Completion: #{IRB.CurrentContext.io.respond_to?(:completion_info) ? IRB.CurrentContext.io.completion_info : 'off'}\n"
+        str += ".irbrc path: #{IRB.rc_file}\n" if File.exist?(IRB.rc_file)
+        str += "RUBY_PLATFORM: #{RUBY_PLATFORM}\n"
+        str += "LANG env: #{ENV["LANG"]}\n" if ENV["LANG"] && !ENV["LANG"].empty?
+        str += "LC_ALL env: #{ENV["LC_ALL"]}\n" if ENV["LC_ALL"] && !ENV["LC_ALL"].empty?
+        str += "East Asian Ambiguous Width: #{Reline.ambiguous_width.inspect}\n"
+        if RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /mswin|msys|mingw|cygwin|bccwin|wince|emc/
+          codepage = `chcp`.b.sub(/.*: (\d+)\n/, '\1')
+          str += "Code page: #{codepage}\n"
+        end
+        puts str
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/load.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/load.rb
index 2c5c01e89c..a3e797a7e0 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/load.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/load.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   load.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "nop"
 require_relative "../ext/loader"
@@ -17,18 +11,29 @@ module IRB
   # :stopdoc:
 
   module ExtendCommand
-    class Load < Nop
+    class LoaderCommand < Nop
       include IrbLoader
 
-      def execute(file_name, priv = nil)
-        return irb_load(file_name, priv)
+      def raise_cmd_argument_error
+        raise CommandArgumentError.new("Please specify the file name.")
       end
     end
 
-    class Require < Nop
-      include IrbLoader
+    class Load < LoaderCommand
+      category "IRB"
+      description "Load a Ruby file."
 
-      def execute(file_name)
+      def execute(file_name = nil, priv = nil)
+        raise_cmd_argument_error unless file_name
+        irb_load(file_name, priv)
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Require < LoaderCommand
+      category "IRB"
+      description "Require a Ruby file."
+      def execute(file_name = nil)
+        raise_cmd_argument_error unless file_name
 
         rex = Regexp.new("#{Regexp.quote(file_name)}(\.o|\.rb)?")
         return false if $".find{|f| f =~ rex}
@@ -56,13 +61,16 @@ module IRB
       end
     end
 
-    class Source < Nop
-      include IrbLoader
-      def execute(file_name)
+    class Source < LoaderCommand
+      category "IRB"
+      description "Loads a given file in the current session."
+
+      def execute(file_name = nil)
+        raise_cmd_argument_error unless file_name
+
         source_file(file_name)
       end
     end
   end
-
   # :startdoc:
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/ls.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/ls.rb
index f4a7348bd1..791b1c1b21 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/ls.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/ls.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "reline"
+require "stringio"
 require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "../pager"
 require_relative "../color"
 
 module IRB
@@ -9,6 +11,18 @@ module IRB
 
   module ExtendCommand
     class Ls < Nop
+      category "Context"
+      description "Show methods, constants, and variables. `-g [query]` or `-G [query]` allows you to filter out the output."
+
+      def self.transform_args(args)
+        if match = args&.match(/\A(?<args>.+\s|)(-g|-G)\s+(?<grep>[^\s]+)\s*\n\z/)
+          args = match[:args]
+          "#{args}#{',' unless args.chomp.empty?} grep: /#{match[:grep]}/"
+        else
+          args
+        end
+      end
+
       def execute(*arg, grep: nil)
         o = Output.new(grep: grep)
 
@@ -21,25 +35,42 @@ module IRB
         o.dump("instance variables", obj.instance_variables)
         o.dump("class variables", klass.class_variables)
         o.dump("locals", locals)
+        o.print_result
       end
 
       def dump_methods(o, klass, obj)
         singleton_class = begin obj.singleton_class; rescue TypeError; nil end
-        maps = class_method_map((singleton_class || klass).ancestors)
+        dumped_mods = Array.new
+        ancestors = klass.ancestors
+        ancestors = ancestors.reject { |c| c >= Object } if klass < Object
+        singleton_ancestors = (singleton_class&.ancestors || []).reject { |c| c >= Class }
+
+        # singleton_class' ancestors should be at the front
+        maps = class_method_map(singleton_ancestors, dumped_mods) + class_method_map(ancestors, dumped_mods)
         maps.each do |mod, methods|
           name = mod == singleton_class ? "#{klass}.methods" : "#{mod}#methods"
           o.dump(name, methods)
         end
       end
 
-      def class_method_map(classes)
-        dumped = Array.new
-        classes.reject { |mod| mod >= Object }.map do |mod|
-          methods = mod.public_instance_methods(false).select do |m|
-            dumped.push(m) unless dumped.include?(m)
+      def class_method_map(classes, dumped_mods)
+        dumped_methods = Array.new
+        classes.map do |mod|
+          next if dumped_mods.include? mod
+
+          dumped_mods << mod
+
+          methods = mod.public_instance_methods(false).select do |method|
+            if dumped_methods.include? method
+              false
+            else
+              dumped_methods << method
+              true
+            end
           end
+
           [mod, methods]
-        end.reverse
+        end.compact
       end
 
       class Output
@@ -48,6 +79,11 @@ module IRB
         def initialize(grep: nil)
           @grep = grep
           @line_width = screen_width - MARGIN.length # right padding
+          @io = StringIO.new
+        end
+
+        def print_result
+          Pager.page_content(@io.string)
         end
 
         def dump(name, strs)
@@ -56,12 +92,12 @@ module IRB
           return if strs.empty?
 
           # Attempt a single line
-          print "#{Color.colorize(name, [:BOLD, :BLUE])}: "
+          @io.print "#{Color.colorize(name, [:BOLD, :BLUE])}: "
           if fits_on_line?(strs, cols: strs.size, offset: "#{name}: ".length)
-            puts strs.join(MARGIN)
+            @io.puts strs.join(MARGIN)
             return
           end
-          puts
+          @io.puts
 
           # Dump with the largest # of columns that fits on a line
           cols = strs.size
@@ -70,7 +106,7 @@ module IRB
           end
           widths = col_widths(strs, cols: cols)
           strs.each_slice(cols) do |ss|
-            puts ss.map.with_index { |s, i| "#{MARGIN}%-#{widths[i]}s" % s }.join
+            @io.puts ss.map.with_index { |s, i| "#{MARGIN}%-#{widths[i]}s" % s }.join
           end
         end
 
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/measure.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/measure.rb
index a97baee9f1..4e1125a0a6 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/measure.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/measure.rb
@@ -5,36 +5,36 @@ module IRB
 
   module ExtendCommand
     class Measure < Nop
+      category "Misc"
+      description "`measure` enables the mode to measure processing time. `measure :off` disables it."
+
       def initialize(*args)
         super(*args)
       end
 
-      def execute(type = nil, arg = nil, &block)
+      def execute(type = nil, arg = nil)
         # Please check IRB.init_config in lib/irb/init.rb that sets
         # IRB.conf[:MEASURE_PROC] to register default "measure" methods,
         # "measure :time" (abbreviated as "measure") and "measure :stackprof".
+
+        if block_given?
+          warn 'Configure IRB.conf[:MEASURE_PROC] to add custom measure methods.'
+          return
+        end
+
         case type
         when :off
-          IRB.conf[:MEASURE] = nil
           IRB.unset_measure_callback(arg)
         when :list
           IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].each do |type_name, _, arg_val|
             puts "- #{type_name}" + (arg_val ? "(#{arg_val.inspect})" : '')
           end
         when :on
-          IRB.conf[:MEASURE] = true
-          added = IRB.set_measure_callback(type, arg)
+          added = IRB.set_measure_callback(arg)
           puts "#{added[0]} is added." if added
         else
-          if block_given?
-            IRB.conf[:MEASURE] = true
-            added = IRB.set_measure_callback(&block)
-            puts "#{added[0]} is added." if added
-          else
-            IRB.conf[:MEASURE] = true
-            added = IRB.set_measure_callback(type, arg)
-            puts "#{added[0]} is added." if added
-          end
+          added = IRB.set_measure_callback(type, arg)
+          puts "#{added[0]} is added." if added
         end
         nil
       end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/next.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/next.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d29c82e7fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/next.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Next < DebugCommand
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(do_cmds: ["next", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/nop.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/nop.rb
index 881a736722..7fb197c51f 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/nop.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/nop.rb
@@ -1,42 +1,48 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   nop.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+
 module IRB
   # :stopdoc:
 
   module ExtendCommand
+    class CommandArgumentError < StandardError; end
+
     class Nop
+      class << self
+        def category(category = nil)
+          @category = category if category
+          @category
+        end
 
-      if RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" && RUBY_VERSION >= "2.7.0"
-        def self.execute(conf, *opts, **kwargs, &block)
-          command = new(conf)
-          command.execute(*opts, **kwargs, &block)
+        def description(description = nil)
+          @description = description if description
+          @description
         end
-      else
-        def self.execute(conf, *opts, &block)
-          command = new(conf)
-          command.execute(*opts, &block)
+
+        private
+
+        def string_literal?(args)
+          sexp = Ripper.sexp(args)
+          sexp && sexp.size == 2 && sexp.last&.first&.first == :string_literal
         end
       end
 
-      def initialize(conf)
-        @irb_context = conf
+      def self.execute(irb_context, *opts, **kwargs, &block)
+        command = new(irb_context)
+        command.execute(*opts, **kwargs, &block)
+      rescue CommandArgumentError => e
+        puts e.message
       end
 
-      attr_reader :irb_context
-
-      def irb
-        @irb_context.irb
+      def initialize(irb_context)
+        @irb_context = irb_context
       end
 
+      attr_reader :irb_context
+
       def execute(*opts)
         #nop
       end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/pushws.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/pushws.rb
index 791d8f8dbb..59996ceb0c 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/pushws.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/pushws.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   change-ws.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "nop"
 require_relative "../ext/workspaces"
@@ -18,12 +12,18 @@ module IRB
 
   module ExtendCommand
     class Workspaces < Nop
+      category "Workspace"
+      description "Show workspaces."
+
       def execute(*obj)
         irb_context.workspaces.collect{|ws| ws.main}
       end
     end
 
     class PushWorkspace < Workspaces
+      category "Workspace"
+      description "Push an object to the workspace stack."
+
       def execute(*obj)
         irb_context.push_workspace(*obj)
         super
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ module IRB
     end
 
     class PopWorkspace < Workspaces
+      category "Workspace"
+      description "Pop a workspace from the workspace stack."
+
       def execute(*obj)
         irb_context.pop_workspace(*obj)
         super
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/show_cmds.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/show_cmds.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8d899e4ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/show_cmds.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "stringio"
+require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "../pager"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class ShowCmds < Nop
+      category "IRB"
+      description "List all available commands and their description."
+
+      def execute(*args)
+        commands_info = IRB::ExtendCommandBundle.all_commands_info
+        commands_grouped_by_categories = commands_info.group_by { |cmd| cmd[:category] }
+
+        user_aliases = irb_context.instance_variable_get(:@user_aliases)
+
+        commands_grouped_by_categories["Aliases"] = user_aliases.map do |alias_name, target|
+          { display_name: alias_name, description: "Alias for `#{target}`" }
+        end
+
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          # Remove the original "Debugging" category
+          commands_grouped_by_categories.delete("Debugging")
+          # Remove the `help` command as it's delegated to the debugger
+          commands_grouped_by_categories["Context"].delete_if { |cmd| cmd[:display_name] == :help }
+          # Add an empty "Debugging (from debug.gem)" category at the end
+          commands_grouped_by_categories["Debugging (from debug.gem)"] = []
+        end
+
+        longest_cmd_name_length = commands_info.map { |c| c[:display_name].length }.max
+
+        output = StringIO.new
+
+        commands_grouped_by_categories.each do |category, cmds|
+          output.puts Color.colorize(category, [:BOLD])
+
+          cmds.each do |cmd|
+            output.puts "  #{cmd[:display_name].to_s.ljust(longest_cmd_name_length)}    #{cmd[:description]}"
+          end
+
+          output.puts
+        end
+
+        # Append the debugger help at the end
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          output.puts DEBUGGER__.help
+        end
+
+        Pager.page_content(output.string)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/show_doc.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/show_doc.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99dd9ab95a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/show_doc.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "nop"
+
+module IRB
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class ShowDoc < Nop
+      class << self
+        def transform_args(args)
+          # Return a string literal as is for backward compatibility
+          if args.empty? || string_literal?(args)
+            args
+          else # Otherwise, consider the input as a String for convenience
+            args.strip.dump
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      category "Context"
+      description "Enter the mode to look up RI documents."
+
+      def execute(*names)
+        require 'rdoc/ri/driver'
+
+        unless ShowDoc.const_defined?(:Ri)
+          opts = RDoc::RI::Driver.process_args([])
+          ShowDoc.const_set(:Ri, RDoc::RI::Driver.new(opts))
+        end
+
+        if names.empty?
+          Ri.interactive
+        else
+          names.each do |name|
+            begin
+              Ri.display_name(name.to_s)
+            rescue RDoc::RI::Error
+              puts $!.message
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        nil
+      rescue LoadError, SystemExit
+        warn "Can't display document because `rdoc` is not installed."
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/show_source.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/show_source.rb
index f8a17822df..826cb11ed2 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/show_source.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/show_source.rb
@@ -1,22 +1,41 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require_relative "nop"
+require_relative "../source_finder"
+require_relative "../pager"
 require_relative "../color"
-require_relative "../ruby-lex"
 
 module IRB
-  # :stopdoc:
-
   module ExtendCommand
     class ShowSource < Nop
+      category "Context"
+      description "Show the source code of a given method or constant."
+
+      class << self
+        def transform_args(args)
+          # Return a string literal as is for backward compatibility
+          if args.empty? || string_literal?(args)
+            args
+          else # Otherwise, consider the input as a String for convenience
+            args.strip.dump
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
       def execute(str = nil)
         unless str.is_a?(String)
           puts "Error: Expected a string but got #{str.inspect}"
           return
         end
-        source = find_source(str)
-        if source && File.exist?(source.file)
+
+        str, esses = str.split(" -")
+        super_level = esses ? esses.count("s") : 0
+        source = SourceFinder.new(@irb_context).find_source(str, super_level)
+
+        if source
           show_source(source)
+        elsif super_level > 0
+          puts "Error: Couldn't locate a super definition for #{str}"
         else
           puts "Error: Couldn't locate a definition for #{str}"
         end
@@ -25,71 +44,22 @@ module IRB
 
       private
 
-      # @param [IRB::ExtendCommand::ShowSource::Source] source
       def show_source(source)
-        puts
-        puts "#{bold("From")}: #{source.file}:#{source.first_line}"
-        puts
-        code = IRB::Color.colorize_code(File.read(source.file))
-        puts code.lines[(source.first_line - 1)...source.last_line].join
-        puts
-      end
+        file_content = IRB::Color.colorize_code(File.read(source.file))
+        code = file_content.lines[(source.first_line - 1)...source.last_line].join
+        content = <<~CONTENT
 
-      def find_source(str)
-        case str
-        when /\A[A-Z]\w*(::[A-Z]\w*)*\z/ # Const::Name
-          eval(str, irb_context.workspace.binding) # trigger autoload
-          base = irb_context.workspace.binding.receiver.yield_self { |r| r.is_a?(Module) ? r : Object }
-          file, line = base.const_source_location(str) if base.respond_to?(:const_source_location) # Ruby 2.7+
-        when /\A(?<owner>[A-Z]\w*(::[A-Z]\w*)*)#(?<method>[^ :.]+)\z/ # Class#method
-          owner = eval(Regexp.last_match[:owner], irb_context.workspace.binding)
-          method = Regexp.last_match[:method]
-          if owner.respond_to?(:instance_method) && owner.instance_methods.include?(method.to_sym)
-            file, line = owner.instance_method(method).source_location
-          end
-        when /\A((?<receiver>.+)(\.|::))?(?<method>[^ :.]+)\z/ # method, receiver.method, receiver::method
-          receiver = eval(Regexp.last_match[:receiver] || 'self', irb_context.workspace.binding)
-          method = Regexp.last_match[:method]
-          file, line = receiver.method(method).source_location if receiver.respond_to?(method)
-        end
-        if file && line
-          Source.new(file: file, first_line: line, last_line: find_end(file, line))
-        end
-      end
+          #{bold("From")}: #{source.file}:#{source.first_line}
 
-      def find_end(file, first_line)
-        return first_line unless File.exist?(file)
-        lex = RubyLex.new
-        lines = File.read(file).lines[(first_line - 1)..-1]
-        tokens = RubyLex.ripper_lex_without_warning(lines.join)
-        prev_tokens = []
+          #{code}
+        CONTENT
 
-        # chunk with line number
-        tokens.chunk { |tok| tok.pos[0] }.each do |lnum, chunk|
-          code = lines[0..lnum].join
-          prev_tokens.concat chunk
-          continue = lex.process_continue(prev_tokens)
-          code_block_open = lex.check_code_block(code, prev_tokens)
-          if !continue && !code_block_open
-            return first_line + lnum
-          end
-        end
-        first_line
+        Pager.page_content(content)
       end
 
       def bold(str)
         Color.colorize(str, [:BOLD])
       end
-
-      Source = Struct.new(
-        :file,       # @param [String] - file name
-        :first_line, # @param [String] - first line
-        :last_line,  # @param [String] - last line
-        keyword_init: true,
-      )
-      private_constant :Source
     end
   end
-
-  # :startdoc:
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/step.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/step.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2bc74a9d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/step.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "debug"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  module ExtendCommand
+    class Step < DebugCommand
+      def execute(*args)
+        super(do_cmds: ["step", *args].join(" "))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :startdoc:
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/subirb.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/subirb.rb
index b322aadc53..5ffd646416 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/subirb.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/subirb.rb
@@ -1,41 +1,105 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
+#
 #   multi.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "nop"
-require_relative "../ext/multi-irb"
 
 module IRB
   # :stopdoc:
 
   module ExtendCommand
-    class IrbCommand < Nop
+    class MultiIRBCommand < Nop
+      def execute(*args)
+        extend_irb_context
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def print_deprecated_warning
+        warn <<~MSG
+          Multi-irb commands are deprecated and will be removed in IRB 2.0.0. Please use workspace commands instead.
+          If you have any use case for multi-irb, please leave a comment at https://github.com/ruby/irb/issues/653
+        MSG
+      end
+
+      def extend_irb_context
+        # this extension patches IRB context like IRB.CurrentContext
+        require_relative "../ext/multi-irb"
+      end
+
+      def print_debugger_warning
+        warn "Multi-IRB commands are not available when the debugger is enabled."
+      end
+    end
+
+    class IrbCommand < MultiIRBCommand
+      category "Multi-irb (DEPRECATED)"
+      description "Start a child IRB."
+
       def execute(*obj)
+        print_deprecated_warning
+
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          print_debugger_warning
+          return
+        end
+
+        super
         IRB.irb(nil, *obj)
       end
     end
 
-    class Jobs < Nop
+    class Jobs < MultiIRBCommand
+      category "Multi-irb (DEPRECATED)"
+      description "List of current sessions."
+
       def execute
+        print_deprecated_warning
+
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          print_debugger_warning
+          return
+        end
+
+        super
         IRB.JobManager
       end
     end
 
-    class Foreground < Nop
-      def execute(key)
+    class Foreground < MultiIRBCommand
+      category "Multi-irb (DEPRECATED)"
+      description "Switches to the session of the given number."
+
+      def execute(key = nil)
+        print_deprecated_warning
+
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          print_debugger_warning
+          return
+        end
+
+        super
+
+        raise CommandArgumentError.new("Please specify the id of target IRB job (listed in the `jobs` command).") unless key
         IRB.JobManager.switch(key)
       end
     end
 
-    class Kill < Nop
+    class Kill < MultiIRBCommand
+      category "Multi-irb (DEPRECATED)"
+      description "Kills the session with the given number."
+
       def execute(*keys)
+        print_deprecated_warning
+
+        if irb_context.with_debugger
+          print_debugger_warning
+          return
+        end
+
+        super
         IRB.JobManager.kill(*keys)
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/irb/cmd/whereami.rb b/lib/irb/cmd/whereami.rb
index b8c7e047fa..8f56ba073d 100644
--- a/lib/irb/cmd/whereami.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/cmd/whereami.rb
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ module IRB
 
   module ExtendCommand
     class Whereami < Nop
+      category "Context"
+      description "Show the source code around binding.irb again."
+
       def execute(*)
         code = irb_context.workspace.code_around_binding
         if code
diff --git a/lib/irb/color.rb b/lib/irb/color.rb
index 8307af25a9..ad8670160c 100644
--- a/lib/irb/color.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/color.rb
@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     BOLD      = 1
     UNDERLINE = 4
     REVERSE   = 7
+    BLACK     = 30
     RED       = 31
     GREEN     = 32
     YELLOW    = 33
     BLUE      = 34
     MAGENTA   = 35
     CYAN      = 36
+    WHITE     = 37
 
     TOKEN_KEYWORDS = {
       on_kw: ['nil', 'self', 'true', 'false', '__FILE__', '__LINE__', '__ENCODING__'],
@@ -123,15 +125,21 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       # If `complete` is false (code is incomplete), this does not warn compile_error.
       # This option is needed to avoid warning a user when the compile_error is happening
       # because the input is not wrong but just incomplete.
-      def colorize_code(code, complete: true, ignore_error: false, colorable: colorable?)
+      def colorize_code(code, complete: true, ignore_error: false, colorable: colorable?, local_variables: [])
         return code unless colorable
 
         symbol_state = SymbolState.new
         colored = +''
-        length = 0
-        end_seen = false
+        lvars_code = RubyLex.generate_local_variables_assign_code(local_variables)
+        code_with_lvars = lvars_code ? "#{lvars_code}\n#{code}" : code
+
+        scan(code_with_lvars, allow_last_error: !complete) do |token, str, expr|
+          # handle uncolorable code
+          if token.nil?
+            colored << Reline::Unicode.escape_for_print(str)
+            next
+          end
 
-        scan(code, allow_last_error: !complete) do |token, str, expr|
           # IRB::ColorPrinter skips colorizing fragments with any invalid token
           if ignore_error && ERROR_TOKENS.include?(token)
             return Reline::Unicode.escape_for_print(code)
@@ -147,15 +155,12 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
               colored << line
             end
           end
-          length += str.bytesize
-          end_seen = true if token == :on___end__
         end
 
-        # give up colorizing incomplete Ripper tokens
-        unless end_seen or length == code.bytesize
-          return Reline::Unicode.escape_for_print(code)
+        if lvars_code
+          raise "#{lvars_code.dump} should have no \\n" if lvars_code.include?("\n")
+          colored.sub!(/\A.+\n/, '') # delete_prefix lvars_code with colors
         end
-
         colored
       end
 
@@ -170,33 +175,36 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       end
 
       def scan(code, allow_last_error:)
-        pos = [1, 0]
-
         verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
         RubyLex.compile_with_errors_suppressed(code) do |inner_code, line_no|
           lexer = Ripper::Lexer.new(inner_code, '(ripper)', line_no)
-          if lexer.respond_to?(:scan) # Ruby 2.7+
-            lexer.scan.each do |elem|
-              str = elem.tok
-              next if allow_last_error and /meets end of file|unexpected end-of-input/ =~ elem.message
-              next if ([elem.pos[0], elem.pos[1] + str.bytesize] <=> pos) <= 0
-
-              str.each_line do |line|
-                if line.end_with?("\n")
-                  pos[0] += 1
-                  pos[1] = 0
-                else
-                  pos[1] += line.bytesize
-                end
-              end
+          byte_pos = 0
+          line_positions = [0]
+          inner_code.lines.each do |line|
+            line_positions << line_positions.last + line.bytesize
+          end
 
-              yield(elem.event, str, elem.state)
+          on_scan = proc do |elem|
+            start_pos = line_positions[elem.pos[0] - 1] + elem.pos[1]
+
+            # yield uncolorable code
+            if byte_pos < start_pos
+              yield(nil, inner_code.byteslice(byte_pos...start_pos), nil)
             end
-          else
-            lexer.parse.each do |elem|
-              yield(elem.event, elem.tok, elem.state)
+
+            if byte_pos <= start_pos
+              str = elem.tok
+              yield(elem.event, str, elem.state)
+              byte_pos = start_pos + str.bytesize
             end
           end
+
+          lexer.scan.each do |elem|
+            next if allow_last_error and /meets end of file|unexpected end-of-input/ =~ elem.message
+            on_scan.call(elem)
+          end
+          # yield uncolorable DATA section
+          yield(nil, inner_code.byteslice(byte_pos...inner_code.bytesize), nil) if byte_pos < inner_code.bytesize
         end
       ensure
         $VERBOSE = verbose
@@ -230,7 +238,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         case token
         when :on_symbeg, :on_symbols_beg, :on_qsymbols_beg
           @stack << true
-        when :on_ident, :on_op, :on_const, :on_ivar, :on_cvar, :on_gvar, :on_kw
+        when :on_ident, :on_op, :on_const, :on_ivar, :on_cvar, :on_gvar, :on_kw, :on_backtick
           if @stack.last # Pop only when it's Symbol
             @stack.pop
             return prev_state
diff --git a/lib/irb/color_printer.rb b/lib/irb/color_printer.rb
index 1127bcecb4..31644aa7f9 100644
--- a/lib/irb/color_printer.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/color_printer.rb
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ require_relative 'color'
 
 module IRB
   class ColorPrinter < ::PP
+    METHOD_RESPOND_TO = Object.instance_method(:respond_to?)
+    METHOD_INSPECT = Object.instance_method(:inspect)
+
     class << self
       def pp(obj, out = $>, width = screen_width)
         q = ColorPrinter.new(out, width)
@@ -22,9 +25,11 @@ module IRB
     end
 
     def pp(obj)
-      if obj.is_a?(String)
+      if String === obj
         # Avoid calling Ruby 2.4+ String#pretty_print that splits a string by "\n"
         text(obj.inspect)
+      elsif !METHOD_RESPOND_TO.bind(obj).call(:inspect)
+        text(METHOD_INSPECT.bind(obj).call)
       else
         super
       end
diff --git a/lib/irb/completion.rb b/lib/irb/completion.rb
index 9121174a50..af3b69eb27 100644
--- a/lib/irb/completion.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/completion.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/completion.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ishitsuka.com)
 #       From Original Idea of shugo@ruby-lang.org
 #
@@ -10,8 +8,7 @@
 require_relative 'ruby-lex'
 
 module IRB
-  module InputCompletor # :nodoc:
-
+  class BaseCompletor # :nodoc:
 
     # Set of reserved words used by Ruby, you should not use these for
     # constants or variables
@@ -36,35 +33,42 @@ module IRB
       yield
     ]
 
-    BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS = " \t\n`><=;|&{("
+    def completion_candidates(preposing, target, postposing, bind:)
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    def doc_namespace(preposing, matched, postposing, bind:)
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
 
-    def self.absolute_path?(p) # TODO Remove this method after 2.6 EOL.
-      if File.respond_to?(:absolute_path?)
-        File.absolute_path?(p)
+    GEM_PATHS =
+      if defined?(Gem::Specification)
+        Gem::Specification.latest_specs(true).map { |s|
+          s.require_paths.map { |p|
+            if File.absolute_path?(p)
+              p
+            else
+              File.join(s.full_gem_path, p)
+            end
+          }
+        }.flatten
       else
-        if File.absolute_path(p) == p
-          true
+        []
+      end.freeze
+
+    def retrieve_gem_and_system_load_path
+      candidates = (GEM_PATHS | $LOAD_PATH)
+      candidates.map do |p|
+        if p.respond_to?(:to_path)
+          p.to_path
         else
-          false
+          String(p) rescue nil
         end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.retrieve_gem_and_system_load_path
-      gem_paths = Gem::Specification.latest_specs(true).map { |s|
-        s.require_paths.map { |p|
-          if absolute_path?(p)
-            p
-          else
-            File.join(s.full_gem_path, p)
-          end
-        }
-      }.flatten if defined?(Gem::Specification)
-      (gem_paths.to_a | $LOAD_PATH).sort
+      end.compact.sort
     end
 
-    def self.retrieve_files_to_require_from_load_path
-      @@files_from_load_path ||=
+    def retrieve_files_to_require_from_load_path
+      @files_from_load_path ||=
         (
           shortest = []
           rest = retrieve_gem_and_system_load_path.each_with_object([]) { |path, result|
@@ -82,13 +86,64 @@ module IRB
         )
     end
 
-    def self.retrieve_files_to_require_relative_from_current_dir
-      @@files_from_current_dir ||= Dir.glob("**/*.{rb,#{RbConfig::CONFIG['DLEXT']}}", base: '.').map { |path|
+    def retrieve_files_to_require_relative_from_current_dir
+      @files_from_current_dir ||= Dir.glob("**/*.{rb,#{RbConfig::CONFIG['DLEXT']}}", base: '.').map { |path|
         path.sub(/\.(rb|#{RbConfig::CONFIG['DLEXT']})\z/, '')
       }
     end
+  end
+
+  class TypeCompletor < BaseCompletor # :nodoc:
+    def initialize(context)
+      @context = context
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      ReplTypeCompletor.info
+    end
+
+    def completion_candidates(preposing, target, _postposing, bind:)
+      result = ReplTypeCompletor.analyze(preposing + target, binding: bind, filename: @context.irb_path)
+      return [] unless result
+      result.completion_candidates.map { target + _1 }
+    end
+
+    def doc_namespace(preposing, matched, _postposing, bind:)
+      result = ReplTypeCompletor.analyze(preposing + matched, binding: bind, filename: @context.irb_path)
+      result&.doc_namespace('')
+    end
+  end
+
+  class RegexpCompletor < BaseCompletor # :nodoc:
+    using Module.new {
+      refine ::Binding do
+        def eval_methods
+          ::Kernel.instance_method(:methods).bind(eval("self")).call
+        end
+
+        def eval_private_methods
+          ::Kernel.instance_method(:private_methods).bind(eval("self")).call
+        end
+
+        def eval_instance_variables
+          ::Kernel.instance_method(:instance_variables).bind(eval("self")).call
+        end
+
+        def eval_global_variables
+          ::Kernel.instance_method(:global_variables).bind(eval("self")).call
+        end
+
+        def eval_class_constants
+          ::Module.instance_method(:constants).bind(eval("self.class")).call
+        end
+      end
+    }
+
+    def inspect
+      'RegexpCompletor'
+    end
 
-    CompletionRequireProc = lambda { |target, preposing = nil, postposing = nil|
+    def complete_require_path(target, preposing, postposing)
       if target =~ /\A(['"])([^'"]+)\Z/
         quote = $1
         actual_target = $2
@@ -103,61 +158,63 @@ module IRB
           break
         end
       end
-      result = []
-      if tok && tok.event == :on_ident && tok.state == Ripper::EXPR_CMDARG
-        case tok.tok
-        when 'require'
-          result = retrieve_files_to_require_from_load_path.select { |path|
-            path.start_with?(actual_target)
-          }.map { |path|
-            quote + path
-          }
-        when 'require_relative'
-          result = retrieve_files_to_require_relative_from_current_dir.select { |path|
-            path.start_with?(actual_target)
-          }.map { |path|
-            quote + path
-          }
-        end
+      return unless tok&.event == :on_ident && tok.state == Ripper::EXPR_CMDARG
+
+      case tok.tok
+      when 'require'
+        retrieve_files_to_require_from_load_path.select { |path|
+          path.start_with?(actual_target)
+        }.map { |path|
+          quote + path
+        }
+      when 'require_relative'
+        retrieve_files_to_require_relative_from_current_dir.select { |path|
+          path.start_with?(actual_target)
+        }.map { |path|
+          quote + path
+        }
       end
-      result
-    }
+    end
 
-    CompletionProc = lambda { |target, preposing = nil, postposing = nil|
+    def completion_candidates(preposing, target, postposing, bind:)
       if preposing && postposing
-        result = CompletionRequireProc.(target, preposing, postposing)
-        unless result
-          result = retrieve_completion_data(target).compact.map{ |i| i.encode(Encoding.default_external) }
-        end
-        result
-      else
-        retrieve_completion_data(target).compact.map{ |i| i.encode(Encoding.default_external) }
+        result = complete_require_path(target, preposing, postposing)
+        return result if result
       end
-    }
+      retrieve_completion_data(target, bind: bind, doc_namespace: false).compact.map{ |i| i.encode(Encoding.default_external) }
+    end
 
-    def self.retrieve_completion_data(input, bind: IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT].workspace.binding, doc_namespace: false)
+    def doc_namespace(_preposing, matched, _postposing, bind:)
+      retrieve_completion_data(matched, bind: bind, doc_namespace: true)
+    end
+
+    def retrieve_completion_data(input, bind:, doc_namespace:)
       case input
-      when /^((["'`]).*\2)\.([^.]*)$/
+      # this regexp only matches the closing character because of irb's Reline.completer_quote_characters setting
+      # details are described in: https://github.com/ruby/irb/pull/523
+      when /^(.*["'`])\.([^.]*)$/
         # String
         receiver = $1
-        message = $3
+        message = $2
 
-        candidates = String.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
         if doc_namespace
           "String.#{message}"
         else
+          candidates = String.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
           select_message(receiver, message, candidates)
         end
 
-      when /^(\/[^\/]*\/)\.([^.]*)$/
+      # this regexp only matches the closing character because of irb's Reline.completer_quote_characters setting
+      # details are described in: https://github.com/ruby/irb/pull/523
+      when /^(.*\/)\.([^.]*)$/
         # Regexp
         receiver = $1
         message = $2
 
-        candidates = Regexp.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
         if doc_namespace
           "Regexp.#{message}"
         else
+          candidates = Regexp.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
           select_message(receiver, message, candidates)
         end
 
@@ -166,61 +223,67 @@ module IRB
         receiver = $1
         message = $2
 
-        candidates = Array.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
         if doc_namespace
           "Array.#{message}"
         else
+          candidates = Array.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
           select_message(receiver, message, candidates)
         end
 
       when /^([^\}]*\})\.([^.]*)$/
-        # Proc or Hash
+        # Hash or Proc
         receiver = $1
         message = $2
 
-        proc_candidates = Proc.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
-        hash_candidates = Hash.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
         if doc_namespace
-          ["Proc.#{message}", "Hash.#{message}"]
+          ["Hash.#{message}", "Proc.#{message}"]
         else
-          select_message(receiver, message, proc_candidates | hash_candidates)
+          hash_candidates = Hash.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
+          proc_candidates = Proc.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
+          select_message(receiver, message, hash_candidates | proc_candidates)
         end
 
-      when /^(:[^:.]*)$/
+      when /^(:[^:.]+)$/
         # Symbol
-        return nil if doc_namespace
-        sym = $1
-        candidates = Symbol.all_symbols.collect do |s|
-          ":" + s.id2name.encode(Encoding.default_external)
-        rescue EncodingError
-          # ignore
+        if doc_namespace
+          nil
+        else
+          sym = $1
+          candidates = Symbol.all_symbols.collect do |s|
+            s.inspect
+          rescue EncodingError
+            # ignore
+          end
+          candidates.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(sym)}/)
         end
-        candidates.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(sym)}/)
-
       when /^::([A-Z][^:\.\(\)]*)$/
         # Absolute Constant or class methods
         receiver = $1
+
         candidates = Object.constants.collect{|m| m.to_s}
+
         if doc_namespace
           candidates.find { |i| i == receiver }
         else
-          candidates.grep(/^#{receiver}/).collect{|e| "::" + e}
+          candidates.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(receiver)}/).collect{|e| "::" + e}
         end
 
       when /^([A-Z].*)::([^:.]*)$/
         # Constant or class methods
         receiver = $1
         message = $2
-        begin
-          candidates = eval("#{receiver}.constants.collect{|m| m.to_s}", bind)
-          candidates |= eval("#{receiver}.methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}", bind)
-        rescue Exception
-          candidates = []
-        end
+
         if doc_namespace
           "#{receiver}::#{message}"
         else
-          select_message(receiver, message, candidates, "::")
+          begin
+            candidates = eval("#{receiver}.constants.collect{|m| m.to_s}", bind)
+            candidates |= eval("#{receiver}.methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}", bind)
+          rescue Exception
+            candidates = []
+          end
+
+          select_message(receiver, message, candidates.sort, "::")
         end
 
       when /^(:[^:.]+)(\.|::)([^.]*)$/
@@ -229,10 +292,10 @@ module IRB
         sep = $2
         message = $3
 
-        candidates = Symbol.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
         if doc_namespace
           "Symbol.#{message}"
         else
+          candidates = Symbol.instance_methods.collect{|m| m.to_s}
           select_message(receiver, message, candidates, sep)
         end
 
@@ -244,6 +307,7 @@ module IRB
 
         begin
           instance = eval(receiver, bind)
+
           if doc_namespace
             "#{instance.class.name}.#{message}"
           else
@@ -254,7 +318,7 @@ module IRB
           if doc_namespace
             nil
           else
-            candidates = []
+            []
           end
         end
 
@@ -276,7 +340,7 @@ module IRB
           if doc_namespace
             nil
           else
-            candidates = []
+            []
           end
         end
 
@@ -284,6 +348,7 @@ module IRB
         # global var
         gvar = $1
         all_gvars = global_variables.collect{|m| m.to_s}
+
         if doc_namespace
           all_gvars.find{ |i| i == gvar }
         else
@@ -296,10 +361,10 @@ module IRB
         sep = $2
         message = $3
 
-        gv = eval("global_variables", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}.push("true", "false", "nil")
-        lv = eval("local_variables", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}
-        iv = eval("instance_variables", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}
-        cv = eval("self.class.constants", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}
+        gv = bind.eval_global_variables.collect{|m| m.to_s}.push("true", "false", "nil")
+        lv = bind.local_variables.collect{|m| m.to_s}
+        iv = bind.eval_instance_variables.collect{|m| m.to_s}
+        cv = bind.eval_class_constants.collect{|m| m.to_s}
 
         if (gv | lv | iv | cv).include?(receiver) or /^[A-Z]/ =~ receiver && /\./ !~ receiver
           # foo.func and foo is var. OR
@@ -319,14 +384,8 @@ module IRB
         else
           # func1.func2
           candidates = []
-          to_ignore = ignored_modules
-          ObjectSpace.each_object(Module){|m|
-            next if (to_ignore.include?(m) rescue true)
-            candidates.concat m.instance_methods(false).collect{|x| x.to_s}
-          }
-          candidates.sort!
-          candidates.uniq!
         end
+
         if doc_namespace
           rec_class = rec.is_a?(Module) ? rec : rec.class
           "#{rec_class.name}#{sep}#{candidates.find{ |i| i == message }}"
@@ -341,69 +400,36 @@ module IRB
         message = $1
 
         candidates = String.instance_methods(true).collect{|m| m.to_s}
+
         if doc_namespace
           "String.#{candidates.find{ |i| i == message }}"
         else
-          select_message(receiver, message, candidates)
+          select_message(receiver, message, candidates.sort)
         end
 
       else
         if doc_namespace
-          vars = eval("local_variables | instance_variables", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}
+          vars = (bind.local_variables | bind.eval_instance_variables).collect{|m| m.to_s}
           perfect_match_var = vars.find{|m| m.to_s == input}
           if perfect_match_var
             eval("#{perfect_match_var}.class.name", bind)
           else
-            candidates = eval("methods | private_methods | local_variables | instance_variables | self.class.constants", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}
+            candidates = (bind.eval_methods | bind.eval_private_methods | bind.local_variables | bind.eval_instance_variables | bind.eval_class_constants).collect{|m| m.to_s}
             candidates |= ReservedWords
             candidates.find{ |i| i == input }
           end
         else
-          candidates = eval("methods | private_methods | local_variables | instance_variables | self.class.constants", bind).collect{|m| m.to_s}
+          candidates = (bind.eval_methods | bind.eval_private_methods | bind.local_variables | bind.eval_instance_variables | bind.eval_class_constants).collect{|m| m.to_s}
           candidates |= ReservedWords
-          candidates.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(input)}/)
+          candidates.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(input)}/).sort
         end
       end
     end
 
-    PerfectMatchedProc = ->(matched, bind: IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT].workspace.binding) {
-      begin
-        require 'rdoc'
-      rescue LoadError
-        return
-      end
-
-      RDocRIDriver ||= RDoc::RI::Driver.new
-
-      if matched =~ /\A(?:::)?RubyVM/ and not ENV['RUBY_YES_I_AM_NOT_A_NORMAL_USER']
-        IRB.__send__(:easter_egg)
-        return
-      end
-
-      namespace = retrieve_completion_data(matched, bind: bind, doc_namespace: true)
-      return unless namespace
-
-      if namespace.is_a?(Array)
-        out = RDoc::Markup::Document.new
-        namespace.each do |m|
-          begin
-            RDocRIDriver.add_method(out, m)
-          rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
-          end
-        end
-        RDocRIDriver.display(out)
-      else
-        begin
-          RDocRIDriver.display_names([namespace])
-        rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
-        end
-      end
-    }
-
     # Set of available operators in Ruby
     Operators = %w[% & * ** + - / < << <= <=> == === =~ > >= >> [] []= ^ ! != !~]
 
-    def self.select_message(receiver, message, candidates, sep = ".")
+    def select_message(receiver, message, candidates, sep = ".")
       candidates.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(message)}/).collect do |e|
         case e
         when /^[a-zA-Z_]/
@@ -414,30 +440,21 @@ module IRB
         end
       end
     end
+  end
 
-    def self.ignored_modules
-      # We could cache the result, but this is very fast already.
-      # By using this approach, we avoid Module#name calls, which are
-      # relatively slow when there are a lot of anonymous modules defined.
-      s = {}
-
-      scanner = lambda do |m|
-        next if s.include?(m) # IRB::ExtendCommandBundle::EXCB recurses.
-        s[m] = true
-        m.constants(false).each do |c|
-          value = m.const_get(c)
-          scanner.call(value) if value.is_a?(Module)
-        end
+  module InputCompletor
+    class << self
+      private def regexp_completor
+        @regexp_completor ||= RegexpCompletor.new
       end
 
-      %i(IRB RubyLex).each do |sym|
-        next unless Object.const_defined?(sym)
-        scanner.call(Object.const_get(sym))
+      def retrieve_completion_data(input, bind: IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT].workspace.binding, doc_namespace: false)
+        regexp_completor.retrieve_completion_data(input, bind: bind, doc_namespace: doc_namespace)
       end
-
-      s.delete(IRB::Context) if defined?(IRB::Context)
-
-      s
     end
+    CompletionProc = ->(target, preposing = nil, postposing = nil) {
+      regexp_completor.completion_candidates(preposing, target, postposing, bind: IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT].workspace.binding)
+    }
   end
+  deprecate_constant :InputCompletor
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/context.rb b/lib/irb/context.rb
index e6c993d423..c3690fcac7 100644
--- a/lib/irb/context.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/context.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/context.rb - irb context
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+
 require_relative "workspace"
 require_relative "inspector"
 require_relative "input-method"
@@ -22,7 +17,7 @@ module IRB
     #
     # The optional +input_method+ argument:
     #
-    # +nil+::     uses stdin or Reidline or Readline
+    # +nil+::     uses stdin or Reline or Readline
     # +String+::  uses a File
     # +other+::   uses this as InputMethod
     def initialize(irb, workspace = nil, input_method = nil)
@@ -32,7 +27,7 @@ module IRB
       else
         @workspace = WorkSpace.new
       end
-      @thread = Thread.current if defined? Thread
+      @thread = Thread.current
 
       # copy of default configuration
       @ap_name = IRB.conf[:AP_NAME]
@@ -48,7 +43,15 @@ module IRB
       end
       if IRB.conf.has_key?(:USE_MULTILINE)
         @use_multiline = IRB.conf[:USE_MULTILINE]
-      elsif IRB.conf.has_key?(:USE_REIDLINE) # backward compatibility
+      elsif IRB.conf.has_key?(:USE_RELINE) # backward compatibility
+        warn <<~MSG.strip
+          USE_RELINE is deprecated, please use USE_MULTILINE instead.
+        MSG
+        @use_multiline = IRB.conf[:USE_RELINE]
+      elsif IRB.conf.has_key?(:USE_REIDLINE)
+        warn <<~MSG.strip
+          USE_REIDLINE is deprecated, please use USE_MULTILINE instead.
+        MSG
         @use_multiline = IRB.conf[:USE_REIDLINE]
       else
         @use_multiline = nil
@@ -83,14 +86,14 @@ module IRB
         when nil
           if STDIN.tty? && IRB.conf[:PROMPT_MODE] != :INF_RUBY && !use_singleline?
             # Both of multiline mode and singleline mode aren't specified.
-            @io = ReidlineInputMethod.new
+            @io = RelineInputMethod.new(build_completor)
           else
             @io = nil
           end
         when false
           @io = nil
         when true
-          @io = ReidlineInputMethod.new
+          @io = RelineInputMethod.new(build_completor)
         end
         unless @io
           case use_singleline?
@@ -115,6 +118,10 @@ module IRB
         end
         @io = StdioInputMethod.new unless @io
 
+      when '-'
+        @io = FileInputMethod.new($stdin)
+        @irb_name = '-'
+        @irb_path = '-'
       when String
         @io = FileInputMethod.new(input_method)
         @irb_name = File.basename(input_method)
@@ -122,8 +129,6 @@ module IRB
       else
         @io = input_method
       end
-      self.save_history = IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] if IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY]
-
       @extra_doc_dirs = IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS]
 
       @echo = IRB.conf[:ECHO]
@@ -140,6 +145,71 @@ module IRB
       if @newline_before_multiline_output.nil?
         @newline_before_multiline_output = true
       end
+
+      @user_aliases = IRB.conf[:COMMAND_ALIASES].dup
+      @command_aliases = @user_aliases.merge(KEYWORD_ALIASES)
+    end
+
+    # because all input will eventually be evaluated as Ruby code,
+    # command names that conflict with Ruby keywords need special workaround
+    # we can remove them once we implemented a better command system for IRB
+    KEYWORD_ALIASES = {
+      :break => :irb_break,
+      :catch => :irb_catch,
+      :next => :irb_next,
+    }.freeze
+
+    private_constant :KEYWORD_ALIASES
+
+    private def build_completor
+      completor_type = IRB.conf[:COMPLETOR]
+      case completor_type
+      when :regexp
+        return RegexpCompletor.new
+      when :type
+        completor = build_type_completor
+        return completor if completor
+      else
+        warn "Invalid value for IRB.conf[:COMPLETOR]: #{completor_type}"
+      end
+      # Fallback to RegexpCompletor
+      RegexpCompletor.new
+    end
+
+    private def build_type_completor
+      if RUBY_ENGINE == 'truffleruby'
+        # Avoid SynatxError. truffleruby does not support endless method definition yet.
+        warn 'TypeCompletor is not supported on TruffleRuby yet'
+        return
+      end
+
+      begin
+        require 'repl_type_completor'
+      rescue LoadError => e
+        warn "TypeCompletor requires `gem repl_type_completor`: #{e.message}"
+        return
+      end
+
+      ReplTypeCompletor.preload_rbs
+      TypeCompletor.new(self)
+    end
+
+    def save_history=(val)
+      IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] = val
+    end
+
+    def save_history
+      IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY]
+    end
+
+    # A copy of the default <code>IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]</code>
+    def history_file
+      IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]
+    end
+
+    # Set <code>IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]</code> to the given +hist+.
+    def history_file=(hist)
+      IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE] = hist
     end
 
     # The top-level workspace, see WorkSpace#main
@@ -156,7 +226,7 @@ module IRB
     # The current input method.
     #
     # Can be either StdioInputMethod, ReadlineInputMethod,
-    # ReidlineInputMethod, FileInputMethod or other specified when the
+    # RelineInputMethod, FileInputMethod or other specified when the
     # context is created. See ::new for more # information on +input_method+.
     attr_accessor :io
 
@@ -194,18 +264,29 @@ module IRB
     attr_reader :prompt_mode
     # Standard IRB prompt.
     #
-    # See IRB@Customizing+the+IRB+Prompt for more information.
+    # See {Custom Prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Custom+Prompts] for more information.
     attr_accessor :prompt_i
     # IRB prompt for continuated strings.
     #
-    # See IRB@Customizing+the+IRB+Prompt for more information.
+    # See {Custom Prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Custom+Prompts] for more information.
     attr_accessor :prompt_s
     # IRB prompt for continuated statement. (e.g. immediately after an +if+)
     #
-    # See IRB@Customizing+the+IRB+Prompt for more information.
+    # See {Custom Prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Custom+Prompts] for more information.
     attr_accessor :prompt_c
-    # See IRB@Customizing+the+IRB+Prompt for more information.
-    attr_accessor :prompt_n
+
+    # TODO: Remove this when developing v2.0
+    def prompt_n
+      warn "IRB::Context#prompt_n is deprecated and will be removed in the next major release."
+      ""
+    end
+
+    # TODO: Remove this when developing v2.0
+    def prompt_n=(_)
+      warn "IRB::Context#prompt_n= is deprecated and will be removed in the next major release."
+      ""
+    end
+
     # Can be either the default <code>IRB.conf[:AUTO_INDENT]</code>, or the
     # mode set by #prompt_mode=
     #
@@ -313,18 +394,21 @@ module IRB
     # The default value is 16.
     #
     # Can also be set using the +--back-trace-limit+ command line option.
-    #
-    # See IRB@Command+line+options for more command line options.
     attr_accessor :back_trace_limit
 
+    # User-defined IRB command aliases
+    attr_accessor :command_aliases
+
+    attr_accessor :with_debugger
+
     # Alias for #use_multiline
     alias use_multiline? use_multiline
     # Alias for #use_singleline
     alias use_singleline? use_singleline
     # backward compatibility
-    alias use_reidline use_multiline
+    alias use_reline use_multiline
     # backward compatibility
-    alias use_reidline? use_multiline
+    alias use_reline? use_multiline
     # backward compatibility
     alias use_readline use_singleline
     # backward compatibility
@@ -342,7 +426,7 @@ module IRB
     # Returns whether messages are displayed or not.
     def verbose?
       if @verbose.nil?
-        if @io.kind_of?(ReidlineInputMethod)
+        if @io.kind_of?(RelineInputMethod)
           false
         elsif defined?(ReadlineInputMethod) && @io.kind_of?(ReadlineInputMethod)
           false
@@ -357,11 +441,11 @@ module IRB
     end
 
     # Whether #verbose? is +true+, and +input_method+ is either
-    # StdioInputMethod or ReidlineInputMethod or ReadlineInputMethod, see #io
+    # StdioInputMethod or RelineInputMethod or ReadlineInputMethod, see #io
     # for more information.
     def prompting?
       verbose? || (STDIN.tty? && @io.kind_of?(StdioInputMethod) ||
-                   @io.kind_of?(ReidlineInputMethod) ||
+                   @io.kind_of?(RelineInputMethod) ||
                    (defined?(ReadlineInputMethod) && @io.kind_of?(ReadlineInputMethod)))
     end
 
@@ -377,14 +461,13 @@ module IRB
 
     # Sets the +mode+ of the prompt in this context.
     #
-    # See IRB@Customizing+the+IRB+Prompt for more information.
+    # See {Custom Prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Custom+Prompts] for more information.
     def prompt_mode=(mode)
       @prompt_mode = mode
       pconf = IRB.conf[:PROMPT][mode]
       @prompt_i = pconf[:PROMPT_I]
       @prompt_s = pconf[:PROMPT_S]
       @prompt_c = pconf[:PROMPT_C]
-      @prompt_n = pconf[:PROMPT_N]
       @return_format = pconf[:RETURN]
       @return_format = "%s\n" if @return_format == nil
       if ai = pconf.include?(:AUTO_INDENT)
@@ -416,8 +499,6 @@ module IRB
     #
     # Can also be set using the +--inspect+ and +--noinspect+ command line
     # options.
-    #
-    # See IRB@Command+line+options for more command line options.
     def inspect_mode=(opt)
 
       if i = Inspector::INSPECTORS[opt]
@@ -461,14 +542,31 @@ module IRB
       @inspect_mode
     end
 
-    def evaluate(line, line_no, exception: nil) # :nodoc:
+    def evaluate(line, line_no) # :nodoc:
       @line_no = line_no
-      if exception
-        line_no -= 1
-        line = "begin ::Kernel.raise _; rescue _.class\n#{line}\n""end"
-        @workspace.local_variable_set(:_, exception)
+      result = nil
+
+      if IRB.conf[:MEASURE] && IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].empty?
+        IRB.set_measure_callback
       end
-      set_last_value(@workspace.evaluate(self, line, irb_path, line_no))
+
+      if IRB.conf[:MEASURE] && !IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].empty?
+        last_proc = proc do
+          result = @workspace.evaluate(line, irb_path, line_no)
+        end
+        IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].inject(last_proc) do |chain, item|
+          _name, callback, arg = item
+          proc do
+            callback.(self, line, line_no, arg) do
+              chain.call
+            end
+          end
+        end.call
+      else
+        result = @workspace.evaluate(line, irb_path, line_no)
+      end
+
+      set_last_value(result)
     end
 
     def inspect_last_value # :nodoc:
@@ -509,5 +607,21 @@ module IRB
     end
     alias __to_s__ to_s
     alias to_s inspect
+
+    def local_variables # :nodoc:
+      workspace.binding.local_variables
+    end
+
+    # Return true if it's aliased from the argument and it's not an identifier.
+    def symbol_alias?(command)
+      return nil if command.match?(/\A\w+\z/)
+      command_aliases.key?(command.to_sym)
+    end
+
+    # Return true if the command supports transforming args
+    def transform_args?(command)
+      command = command_aliases.fetch(command.to_sym, command)
+      ExtendCommandBundle.load_command(command)&.respond_to?(:transform_args)
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/debug.rb b/lib/irb/debug.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ec2335a8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/debug.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module IRB
+  module Debug
+    IRB_DIR = File.expand_path('..', __dir__)
+
+    class << self
+      def insert_debug_break(pre_cmds: nil, do_cmds: nil)
+        options = { oneshot: true, hook_call: false }
+
+        if pre_cmds || do_cmds
+          options[:command] = ['irb', pre_cmds, do_cmds]
+        end
+        if DEBUGGER__::LineBreakpoint.instance_method(:initialize).parameters.include?([:key, :skip_src])
+          options[:skip_src] = true
+        end
+
+        # To make debugger commands like `next` or `continue` work without asking
+        # the user to quit IRB after that, we need to exit IRB first and then hit
+        # a TracePoint on #debug_break.
+        file, lineno = IRB::Irb.instance_method(:debug_break).source_location
+        DEBUGGER__::SESSION.add_line_breakpoint(file, lineno + 1, **options)
+      end
+
+      def setup(irb)
+        # When debug session is not started at all
+        unless defined?(DEBUGGER__::SESSION)
+          begin
+            require "debug/session"
+          rescue LoadError # debug.gem is not written in Gemfile
+            return false unless load_bundled_debug_gem
+          end
+          DEBUGGER__::CONFIG.set_config
+          configure_irb_for_debugger(irb)
+
+          DEBUGGER__.initialize_session{ IRB::Debug::UI.new(irb) }
+        end
+
+        # When debug session was previously started but not by IRB
+        if defined?(DEBUGGER__::SESSION) && !irb.context.with_debugger
+          configure_irb_for_debugger(irb)
+          DEBUGGER__::SESSION.reset_ui(IRB::Debug::UI.new(irb))
+        end
+
+        # Apply patches to debug gem so it skips IRB frames
+        unless DEBUGGER__.respond_to?(:capture_frames_without_irb)
+          DEBUGGER__.singleton_class.send(:alias_method, :capture_frames_without_irb, :capture_frames)
+
+          def DEBUGGER__.capture_frames(*args)
+            frames = capture_frames_without_irb(*args)
+            frames.reject! do |frame|
+              frame.realpath&.start_with?(IRB_DIR) || frame.path == "<internal:prelude>"
+            end
+            frames
+          end
+
+          DEBUGGER__::ThreadClient.prepend(SkipPathHelperForIRB)
+        end
+
+        if !@output_modifier_defined && !DEBUGGER__::CONFIG[:no_hint]
+          irb_output_modifier_proc = Reline.output_modifier_proc
+
+          Reline.output_modifier_proc = proc do |output, complete:|
+            unless output.strip.empty?
+              cmd = output.split(/\s/, 2).first
+
+              if !complete && DEBUGGER__.commands.key?(cmd)
+                output = output.sub(/\n$/, " # debug command\n")
+              end
+            end
+
+            irb_output_modifier_proc.call(output, complete: complete)
+          end
+
+          @output_modifier_defined = true
+        end
+
+        true
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def configure_irb_for_debugger(irb)
+        require 'irb/debug/ui'
+        IRB.instance_variable_set(:@debugger_irb, irb)
+        irb.context.with_debugger = true
+        irb.context.irb_name += ":rdbg"
+      end
+
+      module SkipPathHelperForIRB
+        def skip_internal_path?(path)
+          # The latter can be removed once https://github.com/ruby/debug/issues/866 is resolved
+          super || path.match?(IRB_DIR) || path.match?('<internal:prelude>')
+        end
+      end
+
+      # This is used when debug.gem is not written in Gemfile. Even if it's not
+      # installed by `bundle install`, debug.gem is installed by default because
+      # it's a bundled gem. This method tries to activate and load that.
+      def load_bundled_debug_gem
+        # Discover latest debug.gem under GEM_PATH
+        debug_gem = Gem.paths.path.flat_map { |path| Dir.glob("#{path}/gems/debug-*") }.select do |path|
+          File.basename(path).match?(/\Adebug-\d+\.\d+\.\d+(\w+)?\z/)
+        end.sort_by do |path|
+          Gem::Version.new(File.basename(path).delete_prefix('debug-'))
+        end.last
+        return false unless debug_gem
+
+        # Discover debug/debug.so under extensions for Ruby 3.2+
+        ext_name = "/debug/debug.#{RbConfig::CONFIG['DLEXT']}"
+        ext_path = Gem.paths.path.flat_map do |path|
+          Dir.glob("#{path}/extensions/**/#{File.basename(debug_gem)}#{ext_name}")
+        end.first
+
+        # Attempt to forcibly load the bundled gem
+        if ext_path
+          $LOAD_PATH << ext_path.delete_suffix(ext_name)
+        end
+        $LOAD_PATH << "#{debug_gem}/lib"
+        begin
+          require "debug/session"
+          puts "Loaded #{File.basename(debug_gem)}"
+          true
+        rescue LoadError
+          false
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/debug/ui.rb b/lib/irb/debug/ui.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..307097b8c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/debug/ui.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+require 'io/console/size'
+require 'debug/console'
+
+module IRB
+  module Debug
+    class UI < DEBUGGER__::UI_Base
+      def initialize(irb)
+        @irb = irb
+      end
+
+      def remote?
+        false
+      end
+
+      def activate session, on_fork: false
+      end
+
+      def deactivate
+      end
+
+      def width
+        if (w = IO.console_size[1]) == 0 # for tests PTY
+          80
+        else
+          w
+        end
+      end
+
+      def quit n
+        yield
+        exit n
+      end
+
+      def ask prompt
+        setup_interrupt do
+          print prompt
+          ($stdin.gets || '').strip
+        end
+      end
+
+      def puts str = nil
+        case str
+        when Array
+          str.each{|line|
+            $stdout.puts line.chomp
+          }
+        when String
+          str.each_line{|line|
+            $stdout.puts line.chomp
+          }
+        when nil
+          $stdout.puts
+        end
+      end
+
+      def readline _
+        setup_interrupt do
+          tc = DEBUGGER__::SESSION.instance_variable_get(:@tc)
+          cmd = @irb.debug_readline(tc.current_frame.binding || TOPLEVEL_BINDING)
+
+          case cmd
+          when nil # when user types C-d
+            "continue"
+          else
+            cmd
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def setup_interrupt
+        DEBUGGER__::SESSION.intercept_trap_sigint false do
+          current_thread = Thread.current # should be session_server thread
+
+          prev_handler = trap(:INT){
+            current_thread.raise Interrupt
+          }
+
+          yield
+        ensure
+          trap(:INT, prev_handler)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def after_fork_parent
+        parent_pid = Process.pid
+
+        at_exit{
+          DEBUGGER__::SESSION.intercept_trap_sigint_end
+          trap(:SIGINT, :IGNORE)
+
+          if Process.pid == parent_pid
+            # only check child process from its parent
+            begin
+              # wait for all child processes to keep terminal
+              Process.waitpid
+            rescue Errno::ESRCH, Errno::ECHILD
+            end
+          end
+        }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/easter-egg.rb b/lib/irb/easter-egg.rb
index 3e79692de9..adc0834d55 100644
--- a/lib/irb/easter-egg.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/easter-egg.rb
@@ -98,18 +98,26 @@ module IRB
       end
     end
 
+    private def easter_egg_logo(type)
+      @easter_egg_logos ||= File.read(File.join(__dir__, 'ruby_logo.aa'), encoding: 'UTF-8:UTF-8')
+        .split(/TYPE: ([A-Z]+)\n/)[1..]
+        .each_slice(2)
+        .to_h
+      @easter_egg_logos[type.to_s.upcase]
+    end
+
     private def easter_egg(type = nil)
       type ||= [:logo, :dancing].sample
       case type
       when :logo
-        File.open(File.join(__dir__, 'ruby_logo.aa')) do |f|
-          require "rdoc"
-          RDoc::RI::Driver.new.page do |io|
-            IO.copy_stream(f, io)
-          end
+        require "rdoc"
+        RDoc::RI::Driver.new.page do |io|
+          io.write easter_egg_logo(:large)
         end
       when :dancing
-        begin
+        STDOUT.cooked do
+          interrupted = false
+          prev_trap = trap("SIGINT") { interrupted = true }
           canvas = Canvas.new(Reline.get_screen_size)
           Reline::IOGate.set_winch_handler do
             canvas = Canvas.new(Reline.get_screen_size)
@@ -125,10 +133,12 @@ module IRB
             buff[0, 20] = "\e[0mPress Ctrl+C to stop\e[31m\e[1m"
             print "\e[H" + buff
             sleep 0.05
+            break if interrupted
           end
         rescue Interrupt
         ensure
           print "\e[0m\e[?1049l"
+          trap("SIGINT", prev_trap)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/change-ws.rb b/lib/irb/ext/change-ws.rb
index 4c57e44eab..c0f810a4c8 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ext/change-ws.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/change-ws.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/ext/cb.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB # :nodoc:
   class Context
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/eval_history.rb b/lib/irb/ext/eval_history.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a04178b40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/eval_history.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: false
+#
+#   history.rb -
+#   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
+#
+
+module IRB # :nodoc:
+
+  class Context
+
+    NOPRINTING_IVARS.push "@eval_history_values"
+
+    # See #set_last_value
+    alias _set_last_value set_last_value
+
+    def set_last_value(value)
+      _set_last_value(value)
+
+      if defined?(@eval_history) && @eval_history
+        @eval_history_values.push @line_no, @last_value
+        @workspace.evaluate "__ = IRB.CurrentContext.instance_eval{@eval_history_values}"
+      end
+
+      @last_value
+    end
+
+    remove_method :eval_history= if method_defined?(:eval_history=)
+    # The command result history limit. This method is not available until
+    # #eval_history= was called with non-nil value (directly or via
+    # setting <code>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY]</code> in <code>.irbrc</code>).
+    attr_reader :eval_history
+    # Sets command result history limit. Default value is set from
+    # <code>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY]</code>.
+    #
+    # +no+ is an Integer or +nil+.
+    #
+    # Returns +no+ of history items if greater than 0.
+    #
+    # If +no+ is 0, the number of history items is unlimited.
+    #
+    # If +no+ is +nil+, execution result history isn't used (default).
+    #
+    # EvalHistory values are available via <code>__</code> variable, see
+    # IRB::EvalHistory.
+    def eval_history=(no)
+      if no
+        if defined?(@eval_history) && @eval_history
+          @eval_history_values.size(no)
+        else
+          @eval_history_values = EvalHistory.new(no)
+          IRB.conf[:__TMP__EHV__] = @eval_history_values
+          @workspace.evaluate("__ = IRB.conf[:__TMP__EHV__]")
+          IRB.conf.delete(:__TMP_EHV__)
+        end
+      else
+        @eval_history_values = nil
+      end
+      @eval_history = no
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Represents history of results of previously evaluated commands.
+  #
+  # Available via <code>__</code> variable, only if <code>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY]</code>
+  # or <code>IRB::CurrentContext().eval_history</code> is non-nil integer value
+  # (by default it is +nil+).
+  #
+  # Example (in `irb`):
+  #
+  #    # Initialize history
+  #    IRB::CurrentContext().eval_history = 10
+  #    # => 10
+  #
+  #    # Perform some commands...
+  #    1 + 2
+  #    # => 3
+  #    puts 'x'
+  #    # x
+  #    # => nil
+  #    raise RuntimeError
+  #    # ...error raised
+  #
+  #    # Inspect history (format is "<item number> <evaluated value>":
+  #    __
+  #    # => 1 10
+  #    # 2 3
+  #    # 3 nil
+  #
+  #    __[1]
+  #    # => 10
+  #
+  class EvalHistory
+
+    def initialize(size = 16)  # :nodoc:
+      @size = size
+      @contents = []
+    end
+
+    def size(size) # :nodoc:
+      if size != 0 && size < @size
+        @contents = @contents[@size - size .. @size]
+      end
+      @size = size
+    end
+
+    # Get one item of the content (both positive and negative indexes work).
+    def [](idx)
+      begin
+        if idx >= 0
+          @contents.find{|no, val| no == idx}[1]
+        else
+          @contents[idx][1]
+        end
+      rescue NameError
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    def push(no, val)  # :nodoc:
+      @contents.push [no, val]
+      @contents.shift if @size != 0 && @contents.size > @size
+    end
+
+    alias real_inspect inspect
+
+    def inspect  # :nodoc:
+      if @contents.empty?
+        return real_inspect
+      end
+
+      unless (last = @contents.pop)[1].equal?(self)
+        @contents.push last
+        last = nil
+      end
+      str = @contents.collect{|no, val|
+        if val.equal?(self)
+          "#{no} ...self-history..."
+        else
+          "#{no} #{val.inspect}"
+        end
+      }.join("\n")
+      if str == ""
+        str = "Empty."
+      end
+      @contents.push last if last
+      str
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/history.rb b/lib/irb/ext/history.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index fc304c6f6c..0000000000
--- a/lib/irb/ext/history.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,155 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#
-#   history.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
-#   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
-#
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-
-module IRB # :nodoc:
-
-  class Context
-
-    NOPRINTING_IVARS.push "@eval_history_values"
-
-    # See #set_last_value
-    alias _set_last_value set_last_value
-
-    def set_last_value(value)
-      _set_last_value(value)
-
-      if defined?(@eval_history) && @eval_history
-        @eval_history_values.push @line_no, @last_value
-        @workspace.evaluate self, "__ = IRB.CurrentContext.instance_eval{@eval_history_values}"
-      end
-
-      @last_value
-    end
-
-    remove_method :eval_history= if method_defined?(:eval_history=)
-    # The command result history limit. This method is not available until
-    # #eval_history= was called with non-nil value (directly or via
-    # setting <code>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY]</code> in <code>.irbrc</code>).
-    attr_reader :eval_history
-    # Sets command result history limit. Default value is set from
-    # <code>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY]</code>.
-    #
-    # +no+ is an Integer or +nil+.
-    #
-    # Returns +no+ of history items if greater than 0.
-    #
-    # If +no+ is 0, the number of history items is unlimited.
-    #
-    # If +no+ is +nil+, execution result history isn't used (default).
-    #
-    # History values are available via <code>__</code> variable, see
-    # IRB::History.
-    def eval_history=(no)
-      if no
-        if defined?(@eval_history) && @eval_history
-          @eval_history_values.size(no)
-        else
-          @eval_history_values = History.new(no)
-          IRB.conf[:__TMP__EHV__] = @eval_history_values
-          @workspace.evaluate(self, "__ = IRB.conf[:__TMP__EHV__]")
-          IRB.conf.delete(:__TMP_EHV__)
-        end
-      else
-        @eval_history_values = nil
-      end
-      @eval_history = no
-    end
-  end
-
-  # Represents history of results of previously evaluated commands.
-  #
-  # Available via <code>__</code> variable, only if <code>IRB.conf[:EVAL_HISTORY]</code>
-  # or <code>IRB::CurrentContext().eval_history</code> is non-nil integer value
-  # (by default it is +nil+).
-  #
-  # Example (in `irb`):
-  #
-  #    # Initialize history
-  #    IRB::CurrentContext().eval_history = 10
-  #    # => 10
-  #
-  #    # Perform some commands...
-  #    1 + 2
-  #    # => 3
-  #    puts 'x'
-  #    # x
-  #    # => nil
-  #    raise RuntimeError
-  #    # ...error raised
-  #
-  #    # Inspect history (format is "<item number> <evaluated value>":
-  #    __
-  #    # => 1 10
-  #    # 2 3
-  #    # 3 nil
-  #
-  #    __[1]
-  #    # => 10
-  #
-  class History
-
-    def initialize(size = 16)  # :nodoc:
-      @size = size
-      @contents = []
-    end
-
-    def size(size) # :nodoc:
-      if size != 0 && size < @size
-        @contents = @contents[@size - size .. @size]
-      end
-      @size = size
-    end
-
-    # Get one item of the content (both positive and negative indexes work).
-    def [](idx)
-      begin
-        if idx >= 0
-          @contents.find{|no, val| no == idx}[1]
-        else
-          @contents[idx][1]
-        end
-      rescue NameError
-        nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    def push(no, val)  # :nodoc:
-      @contents.push [no, val]
-      @contents.shift if @size != 0 && @contents.size > @size
-    end
-
-    alias real_inspect inspect
-
-    def inspect  # :nodoc:
-      if @contents.empty?
-        return real_inspect
-      end
-
-      unless (last = @contents.pop)[1].equal?(self)
-        @contents.push last
-        last = nil
-      end
-      str = @contents.collect{|no, val|
-        if val.equal?(self)
-          "#{no} ...self-history..."
-        else
-          "#{no} #{val.inspect}"
-        end
-      }.join("\n")
-      if str == ""
-        str = "Empty."
-      end
-      @contents.push last if last
-      str
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/loader.rb b/lib/irb/ext/loader.rb
index af028996e7..d65695df3b 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ext/loader.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/loader.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   loader.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-
 
 module IRB # :nodoc:
   # Raised in the event of an exception in a file loaded from an Irb session
@@ -31,31 +24,8 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       load_file(path, priv)
     end
 
-    if File.respond_to?(:absolute_path?)
-      def absolute_path?(path)
-        File.absolute_path?(path)
-      end
-    else
-      separator =
-        if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-          "[#{Regexp.quote(File::SEPARATOR + File::ALT_SEPARATOR)}]"
-        else
-          File::SEPARATOR
-        end
-      ABSOLUTE_PATH_PATTERN = # :nodoc:
-        case Dir.pwd
-        when /\A\w:/, /\A#{separator}{2}/
-          /\A(?:\w:|#{separator})#{separator}/
-        else
-          /\A#{separator}/
-        end
-      def absolute_path?(path)
-        ABSOLUTE_PATH_PATTERN =~ path
-      end
-    end
-
     def search_file_from_ruby_path(fn) # :nodoc:
-      if absolute_path?(fn)
+      if File.absolute_path?(fn)
         return fn if File.exist?(fn)
         return nil
       end
@@ -72,6 +42,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     #
     # See Irb#suspend_input_method for more information.
     def source_file(path)
+      irb = irb_context.irb
       irb.suspend_name(path, File.basename(path)) do
         FileInputMethod.open(path) do |io|
           irb.suspend_input_method(io) do
@@ -96,6 +67,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     #
     # See Irb#suspend_input_method for more information.
     def load_file(path, priv = nil)
+      irb = irb_context.irb
       irb.suspend_name(path, File.basename(path)) do
 
         if priv
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/multi-irb.rb b/lib/irb/ext/multi-irb.rb
index 74de1ecde5..1c20489137 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ext/multi-irb.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/multi-irb.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/multi-irb.rb - multiple irb module
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-fail CantShiftToMultiIrbMode unless defined?(Thread)
 
 module IRB
   class JobManager
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/save-history.rb b/lib/irb/ext/save-history.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7acaebe36a..0000000000
--- a/lib/irb/ext/save-history.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#   save-history.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
-#   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
-#
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-
-module IRB
-  module HistorySavingAbility # :nodoc:
-  end
-
-  class Context
-    def init_save_history# :nodoc:
-      unless (class<<@io;self;end).include?(HistorySavingAbility)
-        @io.extend(HistorySavingAbility)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # A copy of the default <code>IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY]</code>
-    def save_history
-      IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY]
-    end
-
-    remove_method(:save_history=) if method_defined?(:save_history=)
-    # Sets <code>IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY]</code> to the given +val+ and calls
-    # #init_save_history with this context.
-    #
-    # Will store the number of +val+ entries of history in the #history_file
-    #
-    # Add the following to your +.irbrc+ to change the number of history
-    # entries stored to 1000:
-    #
-    #     IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] = 1000
-    def save_history=(val)
-      IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] = val
-      if val
-        main_context = IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT]
-        main_context = self unless main_context
-        main_context.init_save_history
-      end
-    end
-
-    # A copy of the default <code>IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]</code>
-    def history_file
-      IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]
-    end
-
-    # Set <code>IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]</code> to the given +hist+.
-    def history_file=(hist)
-      IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE] = hist
-    end
-  end
-
-  module HistorySavingAbility # :nodoc:
-    def HistorySavingAbility.extended(obj)
-      IRB.conf[:AT_EXIT].push proc{obj.save_history}
-      obj.load_history
-      obj
-    end
-
-    def load_history
-      return unless self.class.const_defined?(:HISTORY)
-      history = self.class::HISTORY
-      if history_file = IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]
-        history_file = File.expand_path(history_file)
-      end
-      history_file = IRB.rc_file("_history") unless history_file
-      if File.exist?(history_file)
-        open(history_file, "r:#{IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding}") do |f|
-          f.each { |l|
-            l = l.chomp
-            if self.class == ReidlineInputMethod and history.last&.end_with?("\\")
-              history.last.delete_suffix!("\\")
-              history.last << "\n" << l
-            else
-              history << l
-            end
-          }
-        end
-        @loaded_history_lines = history.size
-        @loaded_history_mtime = File.mtime(history_file)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def save_history
-      return unless self.class.const_defined?(:HISTORY)
-      history = self.class::HISTORY
-      if num = IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] and (num = num.to_i) != 0
-        if history_file = IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]
-          history_file = File.expand_path(history_file)
-        end
-        history_file = IRB.rc_file("_history") unless history_file
-
-        # Change the permission of a file that already exists[BUG #7694]
-        begin
-          if File.stat(history_file).mode & 066 != 0
-            File.chmod(0600, history_file)
-          end
-        rescue Errno::ENOENT
-        rescue Errno::EPERM
-          return
-        rescue
-          raise
-        end
-
-        if File.exist?(history_file) && @loaded_history_mtime &&
-           File.mtime(history_file) != @loaded_history_mtime
-          history = history[@loaded_history_lines..-1]
-          append_history = true
-        end
-
-        open(history_file, "#{append_history ? 'a' : 'w'}:#{IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding}", 0600) do |f|
-          hist = history.map{ |l| l.split("\n").join("\\\n") }
-          unless append_history
-            begin
-              hist = hist.last(num) if hist.size > num and num > 0
-            rescue RangeError # bignum too big to convert into `long'
-              # Do nothing because the bignum should be treated as inifinity
-            end
-          end
-          f.puts(hist)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/tracer.rb b/lib/irb/ext/tracer.rb
index 67ac4bb965..3eaeb70ef2 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ext/tracer.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/tracer.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,14 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/lib/tracer.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+
 begin
   require "tracer"
 rescue LoadError
-  $stderr.puts "Tracer extension of IRB is enabled but tracer gem doesn't found."
+  $stderr.puts "Tracer extension of IRB is enabled but tracer gem wasn't found."
   module IRB
-    TracerLoadError = true
     class Context
       def use_tracer=(opt)
         # do nothing
@@ -70,12 +64,12 @@ module IRB
       if context.use_tracer? && file != nil && line != nil
         Tracer.on
         begin
-          __evaluate__(context, statements, file, line)
+          __evaluate__(statements, file, line)
         ensure
           Tracer.off
         end
       else
-        __evaluate__(context, statements, file || __FILE__, line || __LINE__)
+        __evaluate__(statements, file || __FILE__, line || __LINE__)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/use-loader.rb b/lib/irb/ext/use-loader.rb
index 1897bc89e0..d0b8c2d4f4 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ext/use-loader.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/use-loader.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   use-loader.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "../cmd/load"
 require_relative "loader"
diff --git a/lib/irb/ext/workspaces.rb b/lib/irb/ext/workspaces.rb
index 730b58e64d..9defc3e17b 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ext/workspaces.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ext/workspaces.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   push-ws.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB # :nodoc:
   class Context
diff --git a/lib/irb/extend-command.rb b/lib/irb/extend-command.rb
index 7778a0d0ce..072069d4c4 100644
--- a/lib/irb/extend-command.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/extend-command.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/extend-command.rb - irb extend command
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+
 module IRB # :nodoc:
   # Installs the default irb extensions command bundle.
   module ExtendCommandBundle
@@ -45,14 +40,15 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       [:quit, :irb_exit, OVERRIDE_PRIVATE_ONLY],
     ]
 
+
     @EXTEND_COMMANDS = [
       [
         :irb_current_working_workspace, :CurrentWorkingWorkspace, "cmd/chws",
+        [:cwws, NO_OVERRIDE],
+        [:pwws, NO_OVERRIDE],
         [:irb_print_working_workspace, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_cwws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_pwws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
-        [:cwws, NO_OVERRIDE],
-        [:pwws, NO_OVERRIDE],
         [:irb_current_working_binding, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_print_working_binding, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_cwb, OVERRIDE_ALL],
@@ -60,10 +56,10 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       ],
       [
         :irb_change_workspace, :ChangeWorkspace, "cmd/chws",
-        [:irb_chws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
-        [:irb_cws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:chws, NO_OVERRIDE],
         [:cws, NO_OVERRIDE],
+        [:irb_chws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
+        [:irb_cws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_change_binding, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_cb, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:cb, NO_OVERRIDE],
@@ -77,16 +73,16 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       ],
       [
         :irb_push_workspace, :PushWorkspace, "cmd/pushws",
-        [:irb_pushws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:pushws, NO_OVERRIDE],
+        [:irb_pushws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_push_binding, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_pushb, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:pushb, NO_OVERRIDE],
       ],
       [
         :irb_pop_workspace, :PopWorkspace, "cmd/pushws",
-        [:irb_popws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:popws, NO_OVERRIDE],
+        [:irb_popws, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_pop_binding, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:irb_popb, OVERRIDE_ALL],
         [:popb, NO_OVERRIDE],
@@ -117,12 +113,60 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       ],
 
       [
+        :irb_debug, :Debug, "cmd/debug",
+        [:debug, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_edit, :Edit, "cmd/edit",
+        [:edit, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_break, :Break, "cmd/break",
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_catch, :Catch, "cmd/catch",
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_next, :Next, "cmd/next"
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_delete, :Delete, "cmd/delete",
+        [:delete, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_step, :Step, "cmd/step",
+        [:step, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_continue, :Continue, "cmd/continue",
+        [:continue, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_finish, :Finish, "cmd/finish",
+        [:finish, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_backtrace, :Backtrace, "cmd/backtrace",
+        [:backtrace, NO_OVERRIDE],
+        [:bt, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+      [
+        :irb_debug_info, :Info, "cmd/info",
+        [:info, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+
+      [
         :irb_help, :Help, "cmd/help",
         [:help, NO_OVERRIDE],
       ],
 
       [
-        :irb_info, :Info, "cmd/info"
+        :irb_show_doc, :ShowDoc, "cmd/show_doc",
+        [:show_doc, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
+
+      [
+        :irb_info, :IrbInfo, "cmd/irb_info"
       ],
 
       [
@@ -144,24 +188,62 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         :irb_whereami, :Whereami, "cmd/whereami",
         [:whereami, NO_OVERRIDE],
       ],
+      [
+        :irb_show_cmds, :ShowCmds, "cmd/show_cmds",
+        [:show_cmds, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ],
 
+      [
+        :irb_history, :History, "cmd/history",
+        [:history, NO_OVERRIDE],
+        [:hist, NO_OVERRIDE],
+      ]
     ]
 
-    # Installs the default irb commands:
-    #
-    # +irb_current_working_workspace+::   Context#main
-    # +irb_change_workspace+::            Context#change_workspace
-    # +irb_workspaces+::                  Context#workspaces
-    # +irb_push_workspace+::              Context#push_workspace
-    # +irb_pop_workspace+::               Context#pop_workspace
-    # +irb_load+::                        #irb_load
-    # +irb_require+::                     #irb_require
-    # +irb_source+::                      IrbLoader#source_file
-    # +irb+::                             IRB.irb
-    # +irb_jobs+::                        JobManager
-    # +irb_fg+::                          JobManager#switch
-    # +irb_kill+::                        JobManager#kill
-    # +irb_help+::                        IRB@Command+line+options
+
+    @@commands = []
+
+    def self.all_commands_info
+      return @@commands unless @@commands.empty?
+      user_aliases = IRB.CurrentContext.command_aliases.each_with_object({}) do |(alias_name, target), result|
+        result[target] ||= []
+        result[target] << alias_name
+      end
+
+      @EXTEND_COMMANDS.each do |cmd_name, cmd_class, load_file, *aliases|
+        if !defined?(ExtendCommand) || !ExtendCommand.const_defined?(cmd_class, false)
+          require_relative load_file
+        end
+
+        klass = ExtendCommand.const_get(cmd_class, false)
+        aliases = aliases.map { |a| a.first }
+
+        if additional_aliases = user_aliases[cmd_name]
+          aliases += additional_aliases
+        end
+
+        display_name = aliases.shift || cmd_name
+        @@commands << { display_name: display_name, description: klass.description, category: klass.category }
+      end
+
+      @@commands
+    end
+
+    # Convert a command name to its implementation class if such command exists
+    def self.load_command(command)
+      command = command.to_sym
+      @EXTEND_COMMANDS.each do |cmd_name, cmd_class, load_file, *aliases|
+        next if cmd_name != command && aliases.all? { |alias_name, _| alias_name != command }
+
+        if !defined?(ExtendCommand) || !ExtendCommand.const_defined?(cmd_class, false)
+          require_relative load_file
+        end
+        return ExtendCommand.const_get(cmd_class, false)
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Installs the default irb commands.
     def self.install_extend_commands
       for args in @EXTEND_COMMANDS
         def_extend_command(*args)
@@ -174,7 +256,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     #
     # The optional +load_file+ parameter will be required within the method
     # definition.
-    def self.def_extend_command(cmd_name, cmd_class, load_file = nil, *aliases)
+    def self.def_extend_command(cmd_name, cmd_class, load_file, *aliases)
       case cmd_class
       when Symbol
         cmd_class = cmd_class.id2name
@@ -183,34 +265,12 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         cmd_class = cmd_class.name
       end
 
-      if load_file
-        kwargs = ", **kwargs" if RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" && RUBY_VERSION >= "2.7.0"
-        line = __LINE__; eval %[
-          def #{cmd_name}(*opts#{kwargs}, &b)
-            require_relative "#{load_file}"
-            arity = ExtendCommand::#{cmd_class}.instance_method(:execute).arity
-            args = (1..(arity < 0 ? ~arity : arity)).map {|i| "arg" + i.to_s }
-            args << "*opts#{kwargs}" if arity < 0
-            args << "&block"
-            args = args.join(", ")
-            line = __LINE__; eval %[
-              unless singleton_class.class_variable_defined?(:@@#{cmd_name}_)
-                singleton_class.class_variable_set(:@@#{cmd_name}_, true)
-                def self.#{cmd_name}_(\#{args})
-                  ExtendCommand::#{cmd_class}.execute(irb_context, \#{args})
-                end
-              end
-            ], nil, __FILE__, line
-            __send__ :#{cmd_name}_, *opts#{kwargs}, &b
-          end
-        ], nil, __FILE__, line
-      else
-        line = __LINE__; eval %[
-          def #{cmd_name}(*opts, &b)
-            ExtendCommand::#{cmd_class}.execute(irb_context, *opts, &b)
-          end
-        ], nil, __FILE__, line
-      end
+      line = __LINE__; eval %[
+        def #{cmd_name}(*opts, **kwargs, &b)
+          Kernel.require_relative "#{load_file}"
+          ::IRB::ExtendCommand::#{cmd_class}.execute(irb_context, *opts, **kwargs, &b)
+        end
+      ], nil, __FILE__, line
 
       for ali, flag in aliases
         @ALIASES.push [ali, cmd_name, flag]
@@ -235,7 +295,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
           alias_method to, from
         }
       else
-        Kernel.print "irb: warn: can't alias #{to} from #{from}.\n"
+        Kernel.warn "irb: warn: can't alias #{to} from #{from}.\n"
       end
     end
 
@@ -262,10 +322,9 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     CE = ContextExtender # :nodoc:
 
     @EXTEND_COMMANDS = [
-      [:eval_history=, "ext/history.rb"],
+      [:eval_history=, "ext/eval_history.rb"],
       [:use_tracer=, "ext/tracer.rb"],
       [:use_loader=, "ext/use-loader.rb"],
-      [:save_history=, "ext/save-history.rb"],
     ]
 
     # Installs the default context extensions as irb commands:
@@ -273,7 +332,6 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     # Context#eval_history=::   +irb/ext/history.rb+
     # Context#use_tracer=::     +irb/ext/tracer.rb+
     # Context#use_loader=::     +irb/ext/use-loader.rb+
-    # Context#save_history=::   +irb/ext/save-history.rb+
     def self.install_extend_commands
       for args in @EXTEND_COMMANDS
         def_extend_command(*args)
@@ -299,58 +357,4 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
 
     CE.install_extend_commands
   end
-
-  # A convenience module for extending Ruby methods.
-  module MethodExtender
-    # Extends the given +base_method+ with a prefix call to the given
-    # +extend_method+.
-    def def_pre_proc(base_method, extend_method)
-      base_method = base_method.to_s
-      extend_method = extend_method.to_s
-
-      alias_name = new_alias_name(base_method)
-      module_eval %[
-        alias_method alias_name, base_method
-        def #{base_method}(*opts)
-          __send__ :#{extend_method}, *opts
-          __send__ :#{alias_name}, *opts
-        end
-      ]
-    end
-
-    # Extends the given +base_method+ with a postfix call to the given
-    # +extend_method+.
-    def def_post_proc(base_method, extend_method)
-      base_method = base_method.to_s
-      extend_method = extend_method.to_s
-
-      alias_name = new_alias_name(base_method)
-      module_eval %[
-        alias_method alias_name, base_method
-        def #{base_method}(*opts)
-          __send__ :#{alias_name}, *opts
-          __send__ :#{extend_method}, *opts
-        end
-      ]
-    end
-
-    # Returns a unique method name to use as an alias for the given +name+.
-    #
-    # Usually returns <code>#{prefix}#{name}#{postfix}<num></code>, example:
-    #
-    #     new_alias_name('foo') #=> __alias_of__foo__
-    #     def bar; end
-    #     new_alias_name('bar') #=> __alias_of__bar__2
-    def new_alias_name(name, prefix = "__alias_of__", postfix = "__")
-      base_name = "#{prefix}#{name}#{postfix}"
-      all_methods = instance_methods(true) + private_instance_methods(true)
-      same_methods = all_methods.grep(/^#{Regexp.quote(base_name)}[0-9]*$/)
-      return base_name if same_methods.empty?
-      no = same_methods.size
-      while !same_methods.include?(alias_name = base_name + no)
-        no += 1
-      end
-      alias_name
-    end
-  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/frame.rb b/lib/irb/frame.rb
index de54a98f1b..14768bd8f6 100644
--- a/lib/irb/frame.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/frame.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   frame.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(Nihon Rational Software Co.,Ltd)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB
   class Frame
diff --git a/lib/irb/help.rb b/lib/irb/help.rb
index 3eeaf841b0..6861d7efc8 100644
--- a/lib/irb/help.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/help.rb
@@ -1,24 +1,16 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/help.rb - print usage module
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ishitsuka.com)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-
-require_relative 'magic-file'
 
 module IRB
-  # Outputs the irb help message, see IRB@Command+line+options.
+  # Outputs the irb help message, see IRB@Command-Line+Options.
   def IRB.print_usage
     lc = IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES]
     path = lc.find("irb/help-message")
     space_line = false
-    IRB::MagicFile.open(path){|f|
+    File.open(path){|f|
       f.each_line do |l|
         if /^\s*$/ =~ l
           lc.puts l unless space_line
diff --git a/lib/irb/history.rb b/lib/irb/history.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06088adb0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/history.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+module IRB
+  module HistorySavingAbility # :nodoc:
+    def support_history_saving?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def reset_history_counter
+      @loaded_history_lines = self.class::HISTORY.size if defined? @loaded_history_lines
+    end
+
+    def load_history
+      history = self.class::HISTORY
+
+      if history_file = IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]
+        history_file = File.expand_path(history_file)
+      end
+      history_file = IRB.rc_file("_history") unless history_file
+      if File.exist?(history_file)
+        File.open(history_file, "r:#{IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding}") do |f|
+          f.each { |l|
+            l = l.chomp
+            if self.class == RelineInputMethod and history.last&.end_with?("\\")
+              history.last.delete_suffix!("\\")
+              history.last << "\n" << l
+            else
+              history << l
+            end
+          }
+        end
+        @loaded_history_lines = history.size
+        @loaded_history_mtime = File.mtime(history_file)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def save_history
+      history = self.class::HISTORY.to_a
+
+      if num = IRB.conf[:SAVE_HISTORY] and (num = num.to_i) != 0
+        if history_file = IRB.conf[:HISTORY_FILE]
+          history_file = File.expand_path(history_file)
+        end
+        history_file = IRB.rc_file("_history") unless history_file
+
+        # Change the permission of a file that already exists[BUG #7694]
+        begin
+          if File.stat(history_file).mode & 066 != 0
+            File.chmod(0600, history_file)
+          end
+        rescue Errno::ENOENT
+        rescue Errno::EPERM
+          return
+        rescue
+          raise
+        end
+
+        if File.exist?(history_file) &&
+           File.mtime(history_file) != @loaded_history_mtime
+          history = history[@loaded_history_lines..-1] if @loaded_history_lines
+          append_history = true
+        end
+
+        File.open(history_file, (append_history ? 'a' : 'w'), 0o600, encoding: IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES]&.encoding) do |f|
+          hist = history.map{ |l| l.scrub.split("\n").join("\\\n") }
+          unless append_history
+            begin
+              hist = hist.last(num) if hist.size > num and num > 0
+            rescue RangeError # bignum too big to convert into `long'
+              # Do nothing because the bignum should be treated as inifinity
+            end
+          end
+          f.puts(hist)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/init.rb b/lib/irb/init.rb
index d2baee2017..66e7b61468 100644
--- a/lib/irb/init.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/init.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,45 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/init.rb - irb initialize module
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB # :nodoc:
+  @CONF = {}
+  # Displays current configuration.
+  #
+  # Modifying the configuration is achieved by sending a message to IRB.conf.
+  #
+  # See IRB@Configuration for more information.
+  def IRB.conf
+    @CONF
+  end
+
+  def @CONF.inspect
+    array = []
+    for k, v in sort{|a1, a2| a1[0].id2name <=> a2[0].id2name}
+      case k
+      when :MAIN_CONTEXT, :__TMP__EHV__
+        array.push format("CONF[:%s]=...myself...", k.id2name)
+      when :PROMPT
+        s = v.collect{
+          |kk, vv|
+          ss = vv.collect{|kkk, vvv| ":#{kkk.id2name}=>#{vvv.inspect}"}
+          format(":%s=>{%s}", kk.id2name, ss.join(", "))
+        }
+        array.push format("CONF[:%s]={%s}", k.id2name, s.join(", "))
+      else
+        array.push format("CONF[:%s]=%s", k.id2name, v.inspect)
+      end
+    end
+    array.join("\n")
+  end
+
+  # Returns the current version of IRB, including release version and last
+  # updated date.
+  def IRB.version
+    format("irb %s (%s)", @RELEASE_VERSION, @LAST_UPDATE_DATE)
+  end
 
   # initialize config
   def IRB.setup(ap_path, argv: ::ARGV)
@@ -34,6 +63,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     unless ap_path and @CONF[:AP_NAME]
       ap_path = File.join(File.dirname(File.dirname(__FILE__)), "irb.rb")
     end
+    @CONF[:VERSION] = version
     @CONF[:AP_NAME] = File::basename(ap_path, ".rb")
 
     @CONF[:IRB_NAME] = "irb"
@@ -44,13 +74,15 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     @CONF[:IRB_RC] = nil
 
     @CONF[:USE_SINGLELINE] = false unless defined?(ReadlineInputMethod)
-    @CONF[:USE_COLORIZE] = !ENV['NO_COLOR']
-    @CONF[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE] = true
+    @CONF[:USE_COLORIZE] = (nc = ENV['NO_COLOR']).nil? || nc.empty?
+    @CONF[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE] = ENV.fetch("IRB_USE_AUTOCOMPLETE", "true") != "false"
+    @CONF[:COMPLETOR] = ENV.fetch("IRB_COMPLETOR", "regexp").to_sym
     @CONF[:INSPECT_MODE] = true
     @CONF[:USE_TRACER] = false
     @CONF[:USE_LOADER] = false
     @CONF[:IGNORE_SIGINT] = true
     @CONF[:IGNORE_EOF] = false
+    @CONF[:USE_PAGER] = true
     @CONF[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS] = []
     @CONF[:ECHO] = nil
     @CONF[:ECHO_ON_ASSIGNMENT] = nil
@@ -64,35 +96,30 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     @CONF[:PROMPT] = {
       :NULL => {
         :PROMPT_I => nil,
-        :PROMPT_N => nil,
         :PROMPT_S => nil,
         :PROMPT_C => nil,
         :RETURN => "%s\n"
       },
       :DEFAULT => {
-        :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-        :PROMPT_N => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-        :PROMPT_S => "%N(%m):%03n:%i%l ",
-        :PROMPT_C => "%N(%m):%03n:%i* ",
+        :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n> ",
+        :PROMPT_S => "%N(%m):%03n%l ",
+        :PROMPT_C => "%N(%m):%03n* ",
         :RETURN => "=> %s\n"
       },
       :CLASSIC => {
         :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-        :PROMPT_N => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
         :PROMPT_S => "%N(%m):%03n:%i%l ",
         :PROMPT_C => "%N(%m):%03n:%i* ",
         :RETURN => "%s\n"
       },
       :SIMPLE => {
         :PROMPT_I => ">> ",
-        :PROMPT_N => ">> ",
         :PROMPT_S => "%l> ",
         :PROMPT_C => "?> ",
         :RETURN => "=> %s\n"
       },
       :INF_RUBY => {
-        :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n:%i> ",
-        :PROMPT_N => nil,
+        :PROMPT_I => "%N(%m):%03n> ",
         :PROMPT_S => nil,
         :PROMPT_C => nil,
         :RETURN => "%s\n",
@@ -100,7 +127,6 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       },
       :XMP => {
         :PROMPT_I => nil,
-        :PROMPT_N => nil,
         :PROMPT_S => nil,
         :PROMPT_C => nil,
         :RETURN => "    ==>%s\n"
@@ -158,6 +184,12 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     @CONF[:LC_MESSAGES] = Locale.new
 
     @CONF[:AT_EXIT] = []
+
+    @CONF[:COMMAND_ALIASES] = {
+      # Symbol aliases
+      :'$' => :show_source,
+      :'@' => :whereami,
+    }
   end
 
   def IRB.set_measure_callback(type = nil, arg = nil, &block)
@@ -183,6 +215,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       added = [:TIME, IRB.conf[:MEASURE_PROC][:TIME], arg]
     end
     if added
+      IRB.conf[:MEASURE] = true
       found = IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].find{ |m| m[0] == added[0] && m[2] == added[2] }
       if found
         # already added
@@ -203,6 +236,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       type_sym = type.upcase.to_sym
       IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].reject!{ |t, | t == type_sym }
     end
+    IRB.conf[:MEASURE] = nil if IRB.conf[:MEASURE_CALLBACKS].empty?
   end
 
   def IRB.init_error
@@ -250,13 +284,27 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         end
       when "--noinspect"
         @CONF[:INSPECT_MODE] = false
+      when "--no-pager"
+        @CONF[:USE_PAGER] = false
       when "--singleline", "--readline", "--legacy"
         @CONF[:USE_SINGLELINE] = true
       when "--nosingleline", "--noreadline"
         @CONF[:USE_SINGLELINE] = false
       when "--multiline", "--reidline"
+        if opt == "--reidline"
+          warn <<~MSG.strip
+            --reidline is deprecated, please use --multiline instead.
+          MSG
+        end
+
         @CONF[:USE_MULTILINE] = true
       when "--nomultiline", "--noreidline"
+        if opt == "--noreidline"
+          warn <<~MSG.strip
+            --noreidline is deprecated, please use --nomultiline instead.
+          MSG
+        end
+
         @CONF[:USE_MULTILINE] = false
       when /^--extra-doc-dir(?:=(.+))?/
         opt = $1 || argv.shift
@@ -283,12 +331,20 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         @CONF[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE] = true
       when "--noautocomplete"
         @CONF[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE] = false
+      when "--regexp-completor"
+        @CONF[:COMPLETOR] = :regexp
+      when "--type-completor"
+        @CONF[:COMPLETOR] = :type
       when /^--prompt-mode(?:=(.+))?/, /^--prompt(?:=(.+))?/
         opt = $1 || argv.shift
         prompt_mode = opt.upcase.tr("-", "_").intern
         @CONF[:PROMPT_MODE] = prompt_mode
       when "--noprompt"
         @CONF[:PROMPT_MODE] = :NULL
+      when "--script"
+        noscript = false
+      when "--noscript"
+        noscript = true
       when "--inf-ruby-mode"
         @CONF[:PROMPT_MODE] = :INF_RUBY
       when "--sample-book-mode", "--simple-prompt"
@@ -309,16 +365,20 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         IRB.print_usage
         exit 0
       when "--"
-        if opt = argv.shift
+        if !noscript && (opt = argv.shift)
           @CONF[:SCRIPT] = opt
           $0 = opt
         end
         break
-      when /^-/
+      when /^-./
         fail UnrecognizedSwitch, opt
       else
-        @CONF[:SCRIPT] = opt
-        $0 = opt
+        if noscript
+          argv.unshift(opt)
+        else
+          @CONF[:SCRIPT] = opt
+          $0 = opt
+        end
         break
       end
     end
@@ -329,18 +389,16 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     $LOAD_PATH.unshift(*load_path)
   end
 
-  # running config
+  # Run the config file
   def IRB.run_config
     if @CONF[:RC]
       begin
-        load rc_file
-      rescue LoadError, Errno::ENOENT
-      rescue # StandardError, ScriptError
-        print "load error: #{rc_file}\n"
-        print $!.class, ": ", $!, "\n"
-        for err in $@[0, $@.size - 2]
-          print "\t", err, "\n"
-        end
+        file = rc_file
+        # Because rc_file always returns `HOME/.irbrc` even if no rc file is present, we can't warn users about missing rc files.
+        # Otherwise, it'd be very noisy.
+        load file if File.exist?(file)
+      rescue StandardError, ScriptError => e
+        warn "Error loading RC file '#{file}':\n#{e.full_message(highlight: false)}"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -358,7 +416,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     end
     case rc_file = @CONF[:RC_NAME_GENERATOR].call(ext)
     when String
-      return rc_file
+      rc_file
     else
       fail IllegalRCNameGenerator
     end
@@ -371,17 +429,15 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     end
     if xdg_config_home = ENV["XDG_CONFIG_HOME"]
       irb_home = File.join(xdg_config_home, "irb")
-      unless File.exist? irb_home
-        require 'fileutils'
-        FileUtils.mkdir_p irb_home
+      if File.directory?(irb_home)
+        yield proc{|rc| irb_home + "/irb#{rc}"}
       end
-      yield proc{|rc| irb_home + "/irb#{rc}"}
     end
     if home = ENV["HOME"]
       yield proc{|rc| home+"/.irb#{rc}"}
+      yield proc{|rc| home+"/.config/irb/irb#{rc}"}
     end
     current_dir = Dir.pwd
-    yield proc{|rc| current_dir+"/.config/irb/irb#{rc}"}
     yield proc{|rc| current_dir+"/.irb#{rc}"}
     yield proc{|rc| current_dir+"/irb#{rc.sub(/\A_?/, '.')}"}
     yield proc{|rc| current_dir+"/_irb#{rc}"}
@@ -399,8 +455,6 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     end
   end
 
-
-  DefaultEncodings = Struct.new(:external, :internal)
   class << IRB
     private
     def set_encoding(extern, intern = nil, override: true)
diff --git a/lib/irb/input-method.rb b/lib/irb/input-method.rb
index b77fd3207d..b74974b925 100644
--- a/lib/irb/input-method.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/input-method.rb
@@ -1,30 +1,17 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/input-method.rb - input methods used irb
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
-require_relative 'src_encoding'
-require_relative 'magic-file'
+
 require_relative 'completion'
+require_relative "history"
 require 'io/console'
 require 'reline'
 
 module IRB
-  STDIN_FILE_NAME = "(line)" # :nodoc:
   class InputMethod
-
-    # Creates a new input method object
-    def initialize(file = STDIN_FILE_NAME)
-      @file_name = file
-    end
-    # The file name of this input method, usually given during initialization.
-    attr_reader :file_name
+    BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS = " \t\n`><=;|&{("
 
     # The irb prompt associated with this input method
     attr_accessor :prompt
@@ -53,6 +40,10 @@ module IRB
       false
     end
 
+    def support_history_saving?
+      false
+    end
+
     # For debug message
     def inspect
       'Abstract InputMethod'
@@ -62,7 +53,6 @@ module IRB
   class StdioInputMethod < InputMethod
     # Creates a new input method object
     def initialize
-      super
       @line_no = 0
       @line = []
       @stdin = IO.open(STDIN.to_i, :external_encoding => IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding, :internal_encoding => "-")
@@ -136,12 +126,9 @@ module IRB
 
     # Creates a new input method object
     def initialize(file)
-      super
-      @io = IRB::MagicFile.open(file)
+      @io = file.is_a?(IO) ? file : File.open(file)
       @external_encoding = @io.external_encoding
     end
-    # The file name of this input method, usually given during initialization.
-    attr_reader :file_name
 
     # Whether the end of this input method has been reached, returns +true+ if
     # there is no more data to read.
@@ -174,132 +161,124 @@ module IRB
     end
   end
 
-  begin
-    class ReadlineInputMethod < InputMethod
-      def self.initialize_readline
-        require "readline"
-      rescue LoadError
-      else
-        include ::Readline
-      end
-
-      # Creates a new input method object using Readline
-      def initialize
-        self.class.initialize_readline
-        if Readline.respond_to?(:encoding_system_needs)
-          IRB.__send__(:set_encoding, Readline.encoding_system_needs.name, override: false)
-        end
-        super
-
-        @line_no = 0
-        @line = []
-        @eof = false
+  class ReadlineInputMethod < StdioInputMethod
+    def self.initialize_readline
+      require "readline"
+    rescue LoadError
+    else
+      include ::Readline
+    end
 
-        @stdin = IO.open(STDIN.to_i, :external_encoding => IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding, :internal_encoding => "-")
-        @stdout = IO.open(STDOUT.to_i, 'w', :external_encoding => IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding, :internal_encoding => "-")
+    include HistorySavingAbility
 
-        if Readline.respond_to?("basic_word_break_characters=")
-          Readline.basic_word_break_characters = IRB::InputCompletor::BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
-        end
-        Readline.completion_append_character = nil
-        Readline.completion_proc = IRB::InputCompletor::CompletionProc
+    # Creates a new input method object using Readline
+    def initialize
+      self.class.initialize_readline
+      if Readline.respond_to?(:encoding_system_needs)
+        IRB.__send__(:set_encoding, Readline.encoding_system_needs.name, override: false)
       end
 
-      # Reads the next line from this input method.
-      #
-      # See IO#gets for more information.
-      def gets
-        Readline.input = @stdin
-        Readline.output = @stdout
-        if l = readline(@prompt, false)
-          HISTORY.push(l) if !l.empty?
-          @line[@line_no += 1] = l + "\n"
-        else
-          @eof = true
-          l
-        end
-      end
+      super
 
-      # Whether the end of this input method has been reached, returns +true+
-      # if there is no more data to read.
-      #
-      # See IO#eof? for more information.
-      def eof?
-        @eof
-      end
+      @eof = false
+      @completor = RegexpCompletor.new
 
-      # Whether this input method is still readable when there is no more data to
-      # read.
-      #
-      # See IO#eof for more information.
-      def readable_after_eof?
-        true
+      if Readline.respond_to?("basic_word_break_characters=")
+        Readline.basic_word_break_characters = BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
       end
+      Readline.completion_append_character = nil
+      Readline.completion_proc = ->(target) {
+        bind = IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT].workspace.binding
+        @completor.completion_candidates('', target, '', bind: bind)
+      }
+    end
 
-      # Returns the current line number for #io.
-      #
-      # #line counts the number of times #gets is called.
-      #
-      # See IO#lineno for more information.
-      def line(line_no)
-        @line[line_no]
-      end
+    def completion_info
+      'RegexpCompletor'
+    end
 
-      # The external encoding for standard input.
-      def encoding
-        @stdin.external_encoding
+    # Reads the next line from this input method.
+    #
+    # See IO#gets for more information.
+    def gets
+      Readline.input = @stdin
+      Readline.output = @stdout
+      if l = readline(@prompt, false)
+        HISTORY.push(l) if !l.empty?
+        @line[@line_no += 1] = l + "\n"
+      else
+        @eof = true
+        l
       end
+    end
 
-      # For debug message
-      def inspect
-        readline_impl = (defined?(Reline) && Readline == Reline) ? 'Reline' : 'ext/readline'
-        str = "ReadlineInputMethod with #{readline_impl} #{Readline::VERSION}"
-        inputrc_path = File.expand_path(ENV['INPUTRC'] || '~/.inputrc')
-        str += " and #{inputrc_path}" if File.exist?(inputrc_path)
-        str
-      end
+    # Whether the end of this input method has been reached, returns +true+
+    # if there is no more data to read.
+    #
+    # See IO#eof? for more information.
+    def eof?
+      @eof
     end
-  end
 
-  class ReidlineInputMethod < InputMethod
-    include Reline
+    # For debug message
+    def inspect
+      readline_impl = (defined?(Reline) && Readline == Reline) ? 'Reline' : 'ext/readline'
+      str = "ReadlineInputMethod with #{readline_impl} #{Readline::VERSION}"
+      inputrc_path = File.expand_path(ENV['INPUTRC'] || '~/.inputrc')
+      str += " and #{inputrc_path}" if File.exist?(inputrc_path)
+      str
+    end
+  end
 
+  class RelineInputMethod < StdioInputMethod
+    HISTORY = Reline::HISTORY
+    include HistorySavingAbility
     # Creates a new input method object using Reline
-    def initialize
+    def initialize(completor)
       IRB.__send__(:set_encoding, Reline.encoding_system_needs.name, override: false)
-      super
 
-      @line_no = 0
-      @line = []
-      @eof = false
+      super()
 
-      @stdin = ::IO.open(STDIN.to_i, :external_encoding => IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding, :internal_encoding => "-")
-      @stdout = ::IO.open(STDOUT.to_i, 'w', :external_encoding => IRB.conf[:LC_MESSAGES].encoding, :internal_encoding => "-")
+      @eof = false
+      @completor = completor
 
-      if Reline.respond_to?("basic_word_break_characters=")
-        Reline.basic_word_break_characters = IRB::InputCompletor::BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
-      end
+      Reline.basic_word_break_characters = BASIC_WORD_BREAK_CHARACTERS
       Reline.completion_append_character = nil
       Reline.completer_quote_characters = ''
-      Reline.completion_proc = IRB::InputCompletor::CompletionProc
+      Reline.completion_proc = ->(target, preposing, postposing) {
+        bind = IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT].workspace.binding
+        @completion_params = [preposing, target, postposing, bind]
+        @completor.completion_candidates(preposing, target, postposing, bind: bind)
+      }
       Reline.output_modifier_proc =
         if IRB.conf[:USE_COLORIZE]
           proc do |output, complete: |
             next unless IRB::Color.colorable?
-            IRB::Color.colorize_code(output, complete: complete)
+            lvars = IRB.CurrentContext&.local_variables || []
+            IRB::Color.colorize_code(output, complete: complete, local_variables: lvars)
           end
         else
           proc do |output|
             Reline::Unicode.escape_for_print(output)
           end
         end
-      Reline.dig_perfect_match_proc = IRB::InputCompletor::PerfectMatchedProc
+      Reline.dig_perfect_match_proc = ->(matched) { display_document(matched) }
       Reline.autocompletion = IRB.conf[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE]
+
       if IRB.conf[:USE_AUTOCOMPLETE]
-        Reline.add_dialog_proc(:show_doc, SHOW_DOC_DIALOG, Reline::DEFAULT_DIALOG_CONTEXT)
+        begin
+          require 'rdoc'
+          Reline.add_dialog_proc(:show_doc, show_doc_dialog_proc, Reline::DEFAULT_DIALOG_CONTEXT)
+        rescue LoadError
+        end
       end
     end
 
+    def completion_info
+      autocomplete_message = Reline.autocompletion ? 'Autocomplete' : 'Tab Complete'
+      "#{autocomplete_message}, #{@completor.inspect}"
+    end
+
     def check_termination(&block)
       @check_termination_proc = block
     end
@@ -312,103 +291,155 @@ module IRB
       @auto_indent_proc = block
     end
 
-    SHOW_DOC_DIALOG = ->() {
-      dialog.trap_key = nil
-      alt_d = [
-        [Reline::Key.new(nil, 0xE4, true)], # Normal Alt+d.
-        [27, 100], # Normal Alt+d when convert-meta isn't used.
-        [195, 164], # The "ä" that appears when Alt+d is pressed on xterm.
-        [226, 136, 130] # The "∂" that appears when Alt+d in pressed on iTerm2.
-      ]
-      begin
-        require 'rdoc'
-      rescue LoadError
-        return nil
-      end
+    def show_doc_dialog_proc
+      doc_namespace = ->(matched) {
+        preposing, _target, postposing, bind = @completion_params
+        @completor.doc_namespace(preposing, matched, postposing, bind: bind)
+      }
+      ->() {
+        dialog.trap_key = nil
+        alt_d = [
+          [Reline::Key.new(nil, 0xE4, true)], # Normal Alt+d.
+          [27, 100], # Normal Alt+d when convert-meta isn't used.
+          [195, 164], # The "ä" that appears when Alt+d is pressed on xterm.
+          [226, 136, 130] # The "∂" that appears when Alt+d in pressed on iTerm2.
+        ]
+
+        if just_cursor_moving and completion_journey_data.nil?
+          return nil
+        end
+        cursor_pos_to_render, result, pointer, autocomplete_dialog = context.pop(4)
+        return nil if result.nil? or pointer.nil? or pointer < 0
 
-      if just_cursor_moving and completion_journey_data.nil?
-        return nil
-      end
-      cursor_pos_to_render, result, pointer, autocomplete_dialog = context.pop(4)
-      return nil if result.nil? or pointer.nil? or pointer < 0
-      name = result[pointer]
-      name = IRB::InputCompletor.retrieve_completion_data(name, doc_namespace: true)
+        name = doc_namespace.call(result[pointer])
+        # Use first one because document dialog does not support multiple namespaces.
+        name = name.first if name.is_a?(Array)
 
-      options = {}
-      options[:extra_doc_dirs] = IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS] unless IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS].empty?
-      driver = RDoc::RI::Driver.new(options)
+        show_easter_egg = name&.match?(/\ARubyVM/) && !ENV['RUBY_YES_I_AM_NOT_A_NORMAL_USER']
 
-      if key.match?(dialog.name)
-        begin
-          driver.display_names([name])
-        rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
-        end
-      end
+        options = {}
+        options[:extra_doc_dirs] = IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS] unless IRB.conf[:EXTRA_DOC_DIRS].empty?
+        driver = RDoc::RI::Driver.new(options)
 
-      begin
-        name = driver.expand_name(name)
-      rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
-        return nil
-      rescue
-        return nil # unknown error
-      end
-      doc = nil
-      used_for_class = false
-      if not name =~ /#|\./
-        found, klasses, includes, extends = driver.classes_and_includes_and_extends_for(name)
-        if not found.empty?
-          doc = driver.class_document(name, found, klasses, includes, extends)
-          used_for_class = true
+        if key.match?(dialog.name)
+          if show_easter_egg
+            IRB.__send__(:easter_egg)
+          else
+            begin
+              driver.display_names([name])
+            rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
+            end
+          end
         end
-      end
-      unless used_for_class
-        doc = RDoc::Markup::Document.new
+
         begin
-          driver.add_method(doc, name)
+          name = driver.expand_name(name)
         rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
-          doc = nil
+          return nil
         rescue
           return nil # unknown error
         end
-      end
-      return nil if doc.nil?
-      width = 40
-
-      right_x = cursor_pos_to_render.x + autocomplete_dialog.width
-      if right_x + width > screen_width
-        right_width = screen_width - (right_x + 1)
-        left_x = autocomplete_dialog.column - width
-        left_x = 0 if left_x < 0
-        left_width = width > autocomplete_dialog.column ? autocomplete_dialog.column : width
-        if right_width.positive? and left_width.positive?
-          if right_width >= left_width
+        doc = nil
+        used_for_class = false
+        if not name =~ /#|\./
+          found, klasses, includes, extends = driver.classes_and_includes_and_extends_for(name)
+          if not found.empty?
+            doc = driver.class_document(name, found, klasses, includes, extends)
+            used_for_class = true
+          end
+        end
+        unless used_for_class
+          doc = RDoc::Markup::Document.new
+          begin
+            driver.add_method(doc, name)
+          rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
+            doc = nil
+          rescue
+            return nil # unknown error
+          end
+        end
+        return nil if doc.nil?
+        width = 40
+
+        right_x = cursor_pos_to_render.x + autocomplete_dialog.width
+        if right_x + width > screen_width
+          right_width = screen_width - (right_x + 1)
+          left_x = autocomplete_dialog.column - width
+          left_x = 0 if left_x < 0
+          left_width = width > autocomplete_dialog.column ? autocomplete_dialog.column : width
+          if right_width.positive? and left_width.positive?
+            if right_width >= left_width
+              width = right_width
+              x = right_x
+            else
+              width = left_width
+              x = left_x
+            end
+          elsif right_width.positive? and left_width <= 0
             width = right_width
             x = right_x
-          else
+          elsif right_width <= 0 and left_width.positive?
             width = left_width
             x = left_x
+          else # Both are negative width.
+            return nil
           end
-        elsif right_width.positive? and left_width <= 0
-          width = right_width
+        else
           x = right_x
-        elsif right_width <= 0 and left_width.positive?
-          width = left_width
-          x = left_x
-        else # Both are negative width.
-          return nil
         end
-      else
-        x = right_x
+        formatter = RDoc::Markup::ToAnsi.new
+        formatter.width = width
+        dialog.trap_key = alt_d
+        mod_key = RUBY_PLATFORM.match?(/darwin/) ? "Option" : "Alt"
+        if show_easter_egg
+          type = STDOUT.external_encoding == Encoding::UTF_8 ? :unicode : :ascii
+          contents = IRB.send(:easter_egg_logo, type).split("\n")
+          message = "Press #{mod_key}+d to see more"
+          contents[0][0, message.size] = message
+        else
+          message = "Press #{mod_key}+d to read the full document"
+          contents = [message] + doc.accept(formatter).split("\n")
+        end
+        contents = contents.take(preferred_dialog_height)
+
+        y = cursor_pos_to_render.y
+        Reline::DialogRenderInfo.new(pos: Reline::CursorPos.new(x, y), contents: contents, width: width, bg_color: '49')
+      }
+    end
+
+    def display_document(matched, driver: nil)
+      begin
+        require 'rdoc'
+      rescue LoadError
+        return
+      end
+
+      if matched =~ /\A(?:::)?RubyVM/ and not ENV['RUBY_YES_I_AM_NOT_A_NORMAL_USER']
+        IRB.__send__(:easter_egg)
+        return
       end
-      formatter = RDoc::Markup::ToAnsi.new
-      formatter.width = width
-      dialog.trap_key = alt_d
-      message = 'Press Alt+d to read the full document'
-      contents = [message] + doc.accept(formatter).split("\n")
 
-      y = cursor_pos_to_render.y
-      DialogRenderInfo.new(pos: Reline::CursorPos.new(x, y), contents: contents, width: width, bg_color: '49')
-    }
+      _target, preposing, postposing, bind = @completion_params
+      namespace = @completor.doc_namespace(preposing, matched, postposing, bind: bind)
+      return unless namespace
+
+      driver ||= RDoc::RI::Driver.new
+      if namespace.is_a?(Array)
+        out = RDoc::Markup::Document.new
+        namespace.each do |m|
+          begin
+            driver.add_method(out, m)
+          rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
+          end
+        end
+        driver.display(out)
+      else
+        begin
+          driver.display_names([namespace])
+        rescue RDoc::RI::Driver::NotFoundError
+        end
+      end
+    end
 
     # Reads the next line from this input method.
     #
@@ -418,8 +449,8 @@ module IRB
       Reline.output = @stdout
       Reline.prompt_proc = @prompt_proc
       Reline.auto_indent_proc = @auto_indent_proc if @auto_indent_proc
-      if l = readmultiline(@prompt, false, &@check_termination_proc)
-        HISTORY.push(l) if !l.empty?
+      if l = Reline.readmultiline(@prompt, false, &@check_termination_proc)
+        Reline::HISTORY.push(l) if !l.empty?
         @line[@line_no += 1] = l + "\n"
       else
         @eof = true
@@ -435,39 +466,22 @@ module IRB
       @eof
     end
 
-    # Whether this input method is still readable when there is no more data to
-    # read.
-    #
-    # See IO#eof for more information.
-    def readable_after_eof?
-      true
-    end
-
-    # Returns the current line number for #io.
-    #
-    # #line counts the number of times #gets is called.
-    #
-    # See IO#lineno for more information.
-    def line(line_no)
-      @line[line_no]
-    end
-
-    # The external encoding for standard input.
-    def encoding
-      @stdin.external_encoding
-    end
-
     # For debug message
     def inspect
       config = Reline::Config.new
-      str = "ReidlineInputMethod with Reline #{Reline::VERSION}"
-      if config.respond_to?(:inputrc_path)
-        inputrc_path = File.expand_path(config.inputrc_path)
-      else
-        inputrc_path = File.expand_path(ENV['INPUTRC'] || '~/.inputrc')
-      end
+      str = "RelineInputMethod with Reline #{Reline::VERSION}"
+      inputrc_path = File.expand_path(config.inputrc_path)
       str += " and #{inputrc_path}" if File.exist?(inputrc_path)
       str
     end
   end
+
+  class ReidlineInputMethod < RelineInputMethod
+    def initialize
+      warn <<~MSG.strip
+        IRB::ReidlineInputMethod is deprecated, please use IRB::RelineInputMethod instead.
+      MSG
+      super
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/inspector.rb b/lib/irb/inspector.rb
index d8c0ba90cf..ee3b19efdc 100644
--- a/lib/irb/inspector.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/inspector.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/inspector.rb - inspect methods
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision: 1.19 $
-#   	$Date: 2002/06/11 07:51:31 $
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB # :nodoc:
 
@@ -42,6 +35,7 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
   #     irb(main):001:0> "what?" #=> omg! what?
   #
   class Inspector
+    KERNEL_INSPECT = Object.instance_method(:inspect)
     # Default inspectors available to irb, this includes:
     #
     # +:pp+::       Using Kernel#pretty_inspect
@@ -100,9 +94,17 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     # Proc to call when the input is evaluated and output in irb.
     def inspect_value(v)
       @inspect.call(v)
-    rescue
-      puts "(Object doesn't support #inspect)"
-      ''
+    rescue => e
+      puts "An error occurred when inspecting the object: #{e.inspect}"
+
+      begin
+        puts "Result of Kernel#inspect: #{KERNEL_INSPECT.bind_call(v)}"
+        ''
+      rescue => e
+        puts "An error occurred when running Kernel#inspect: #{e.inspect}"
+        puts e.backtrace.join("\n")
+        ''
+      end
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/irb/irb.gemspec b/lib/irb/irb.gemspec
index 26d0fb018f..a008a39f9d 100644
--- a/lib/irb/irb.gemspec
+++ b/lib/irb/irb.gemspec
@@ -8,14 +8,19 @@ end
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "irb"
   spec.version       = IRB::VERSION
-  spec.authors       = ["Keiju ISHITSUKA"]
-  spec.email         = ["keiju@ruby-lang.org"]
+  spec.authors       = ["aycabta", "Keiju ISHITSUKA"]
+  spec.email         = ["aycabta@gmail.com", "keiju@ruby-lang.org"]
 
   spec.summary       = %q{Interactive Ruby command-line tool for REPL (Read Eval Print Loop).}
   spec.description   = %q{Interactive Ruby command-line tool for REPL (Read Eval Print Loop).}
   spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/irb"
   spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
 
+  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["documentation_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["changelog_uri"] = "#{spec.homepage}/releases"
+
   spec.files         = [
     ".document",
     "Gemfile",
@@ -34,7 +39,8 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  spec.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.5")
+  spec.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.7")
 
-  spec.add_dependency "reline", ">= 0.3.0"
+  spec.add_dependency "reline", ">= 0.3.8"
+  spec.add_dependency "rdoc"
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/lc/error.rb b/lib/irb/lc/error.rb
index b8a7fe5a0e..a5ec150865 100644
--- a/lib/irb/lc/error.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/lc/error.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/lc/error.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB
   # :stopdoc:
@@ -48,11 +42,6 @@ module IRB
       super("No such job(#{val}).")
     end
   end
-  class CantShiftToMultiIrbMode < StandardError
-    def initialize
-      super("Can't shift to multi irb mode.")
-    end
-  end
   class CantChangeBinding < StandardError
     def initialize(val)
       super("Can't change binding to (#{val}).")
diff --git a/lib/irb/lc/help-message b/lib/irb/lc/help-message
index 3405fa775f..37347306e8 100644
--- a/lib/irb/lc/help-message
+++ b/lib/irb/lc/help-message
@@ -22,14 +22,18 @@ Usage:  irb.rb [options] [programfile] [arguments]
                     Show truncated result on assignment (default).
   --inspect         Use 'inspect' for output.
   --noinspect       Don't use 'inspect' for output.
-  --multiline       Use multiline editor module.
-  --nomultiline     Don't use multiline editor module (default).
+  --no-pager        Don't use pager.
+  --multiline       Use multiline editor module (default).
+  --nomultiline     Don't use multiline editor module.
   --singleline      Use single line editor module.
   --nosingleline    Don't use single line editor module (default).
   --colorize        Use color-highlighting (default).
   --nocolorize      Don't use color-highlighting.
   --autocomplete    Use auto-completion (default).
   --noautocomplete  Don't use auto-completion.
+  --regexp-completor
+                    Use regexp based completion (default).
+  --type-completor  Use type based completion.
   --prompt prompt-mode, --prompt-mode prompt-mode
                     Set prompt mode. Pre-defined prompt modes are:
                     'default', 'classic', 'simple', 'inf-ruby', 'xmp', 'null'.
@@ -38,6 +42,8 @@ Usage:  irb.rb [options] [programfile] [arguments]
   --sample-book-mode, --simple-prompt
                     Set prompt mode to 'simple'.
   --noprompt        Don't output prompt.
+  --script          Script mode (default, treat first argument as script)
+  --noscript        No script mode (leave arguments in argv)
   --single-irb      Share self with sub-irb.
   --tracer          Show stack trace for each command.
   --back-trace-limit n[=16]
diff --git a/lib/irb/lc/ja/encoding_aliases.rb b/lib/irb/lc/ja/encoding_aliases.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 08180c3ec2..0000000000
--- a/lib/irb/lc/ja/encoding_aliases.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-module IRB
-  # :stopdoc:
-
-  class Locale
-    @@legacy_encoding_alias_map = {
-      'ujis' => Encoding::EUC_JP,
-      'euc' => Encoding::EUC_JP
-    }.freeze
-  end
-
-  # :startdoc:
-end
diff --git a/lib/irb/lc/ja/error.rb b/lib/irb/lc/ja/error.rb
index d7c181c02e..50d72c4a10 100644
--- a/lib/irb/lc/ja/error.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/lc/ja/error.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # frozen_string_literal: false
+#
 #   irb/lc/ja/error.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB
   # :stopdoc:
@@ -48,11 +42,6 @@ module IRB
       super("そのようなジョブ(#{val})はありません.")
     end
   end
-  class CantShiftToMultiIrbMode < StandardError
-    def initialize
-      super("multi-irb modeに移れません.")
-    end
-  end
   class CantChangeBinding < StandardError
     def initialize(val)
       super("バインディング(#{val})に変更できません.")
diff --git a/lib/irb/lc/ja/help-message b/lib/irb/lc/ja/help-message
index 1c15d331ea..cec339cf2f 100644
--- a/lib/irb/lc/ja/help-message
+++ b/lib/irb/lc/ja/help-message
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ Usage:  irb.rb [options] [programfile] [arguments]
   --nocolorize	    色付けを利用しない.
   --autocomplete    オートコンプリートを利用する.
   --noautocomplete  オートコンプリートを利用しない.
+  --regexp-completor
+                    補完に正規表現を利用する.
+  --type-completor  補完に型情報を利用する.
   --prompt prompt-mode/--prompt-mode prompt-mode
 		    プロンプトモードを切替えます. 現在定義されているプ
 		    ロンプトモードは, default, simple, xmp, inf-rubyが
diff --git a/lib/irb/locale.rb b/lib/irb/locale.rb
index bb44b41002..f94aa0f40b 100644
--- a/lib/irb/locale.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/locale.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/locale.rb - internationalization module
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
+
 module IRB # :nodoc:
   class Locale
 
@@ -20,7 +15,11 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
     ]x
     LOCALE_DIR = "/lc/"
 
-    @@legacy_encoding_alias_map = {}.freeze
+    LEGACY_ENCODING_ALIAS_MAP = {
+      'ujis' => Encoding::EUC_JP,
+      'euc' => Encoding::EUC_JP
+    }
+
     @@loaded = []
 
     def initialize(locale = nil)
@@ -31,11 +30,11 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
         @lang, @territory, @encoding_name, @modifier = m[:language], m[:territory], m[:codeset], m[:modifier]
 
         if @encoding_name
-          begin load 'irb/encoding_aliases.rb'; rescue LoadError; end
-          if @encoding = @@legacy_encoding_alias_map[@encoding_name]
+          if @encoding = LEGACY_ENCODING_ALIAS_MAP[@encoding_name]
             warn(("%s is obsolete. use %s" % ["#{@lang}_#{@territory}.#{@encoding_name}", "#{@lang}_#{@territory}.#{@encoding.name}"]), uplevel: 1)
+          else
+            @encoding = Encoding.find(@encoding_name) rescue nil
           end
-          @encoding = Encoding.find(@encoding_name) rescue nil
         end
       end
       @encoding ||= (Encoding.find('locale') rescue Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
@@ -83,39 +82,12 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       super(*ary)
     end
 
-    def require(file, priv = nil)
-      rex = Regexp.new("lc/#{Regexp.quote(file)}\.(so|o|sl|rb)?")
-      return false if $".find{|f| f =~ rex}
-
-      case file
-      when /\.rb$/
-        begin
-          load(file, priv)
-          $".push file
-          return true
-        rescue LoadError
-        end
-      when /\.(so|o|sl)$/
-        return super
-      end
-
-      begin
-        load(f = file + ".rb")
-        $".push f  #"
-        return true
-      rescue LoadError
-        return ruby_require(file)
-      end
-    end
-
-    alias toplevel_load load
-
-    def load(file, priv=nil)
+    def load(file)
       found = find(file)
       if found
         unless @@loaded.include?(found)
           @@loaded << found # cache
-          return real_load(found, priv)
+          Kernel.load(found)
         end
       else
         raise LoadError, "No such file to load -- #{file}"
@@ -134,16 +106,6 @@ module IRB # :nodoc:
       end
     end
 
-    private
-    def real_load(path, priv)
-      src = MagicFile.open(path){|f| f.read}
-      if priv
-        eval("self", TOPLEVEL_BINDING).extend(Module.new {eval(src, nil, path)})
-      else
-        eval(src, TOPLEVEL_BINDING, path)
-      end
-    end
-
     # @param paths load paths in which IRB find a localized file.
     # @param dir directory
     # @param file basename to be localized
diff --git a/lib/irb/magic-file.rb b/lib/irb/magic-file.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34e06d64b3..0000000000
--- a/lib/irb/magic-file.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-module IRB
-  class << (MagicFile = Object.new)
-    # see parser_magic_comment in parse.y
-    ENCODING_SPEC_RE = %r"coding\s*[=:]\s*([[:alnum:]\-_]+)"
-
-    def open(path)
-      io = File.open(path, 'rb')
-      line = io.gets
-      line = io.gets if line[0,2] == "#!"
-      encoding = detect_encoding(line)
-      internal_encoding = encoding
-      encoding ||= IRB.default_src_encoding
-      io.rewind
-      io.set_encoding(encoding, internal_encoding)
-
-      if block_given?
-        begin
-          return (yield io)
-        ensure
-          io.close
-        end
-      else
-        return io
-      end
-    end
-
-    private
-    def detect_encoding(line)
-      return unless line[0] == ?#
-      line = line[1..-1]
-      line = $1 if line[/-\*-\s*(.*?)\s*-*-$/]
-      return nil unless ENCODING_SPEC_RE =~ line
-      encoding = $1
-      return encoding.sub(/-(?:mac|dos|unix)/i, '')
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/irb/nesting_parser.rb b/lib/irb/nesting_parser.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d4db82444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/nesting_parser.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module IRB
+  module NestingParser
+    IGNORE_TOKENS = %i[on_sp on_ignored_nl on_comment on_embdoc_beg on_embdoc on_embdoc_end]
+
+    # Scan each token and call the given block with array of token and other information for parsing
+    def self.scan_opens(tokens)
+      opens = []
+      pending_heredocs = []
+      first_token_on_line = true
+      tokens.each do |t|
+        skip = false
+        last_tok, state, args = opens.last
+        case state
+        when :in_unquoted_symbol
+          unless IGNORE_TOKENS.include?(t.event)
+            opens.pop
+            skip = true
+          end
+        when :in_lambda_head
+          opens.pop if t.event == :on_tlambeg || (t.event == :on_kw && t.tok == 'do')
+        when :in_method_head
+          unless IGNORE_TOKENS.include?(t.event)
+            next_args = []
+            body = nil
+            if args.include?(:receiver)
+              case t.event
+              when :on_lparen, :on_ivar, :on_gvar, :on_cvar
+                # def (receiver). | def @ivar. | def $gvar. | def @@cvar.
+                next_args << :dot
+              when :on_kw
+                case t.tok
+                when 'self', 'true', 'false', 'nil'
+                  # def self(arg) | def self.
+                  next_args.push(:arg, :dot)
+                else
+                  # def if(arg)
+                  skip = true
+                  next_args << :arg
+                end
+              when :on_op, :on_backtick
+                # def +(arg)
+                skip = true
+                next_args << :arg
+              when :on_ident, :on_const
+                # def a(arg) | def a.
+                next_args.push(:arg, :dot)
+              end
+            end
+            if args.include?(:dot)
+              # def receiver.name
+              next_args << :name if t.event == :on_period || (t.event == :on_op && t.tok == '::')
+            end
+            if args.include?(:name)
+              if %i[on_ident on_const on_op on_kw on_backtick].include?(t.event)
+                # def name(arg) | def receiver.name(arg)
+                next_args << :arg
+                skip = true
+              end
+            end
+            if args.include?(:arg)
+              case t.event
+              when :on_nl, :on_semicolon
+                # def recever.f;
+                body = :normal
+              when :on_lparen
+                # def recever.f()
+                next_args << :eq
+              else
+                if t.event == :on_op && t.tok == '='
+                  # def receiver.f =
+                  body = :oneliner
+                else
+                  # def recever.f arg
+                  next_args << :arg_without_paren
+                end
+              end
+            end
+            if args.include?(:eq)
+              if t.event == :on_op && t.tok == '='
+                body = :oneliner
+              else
+                body = :normal
+              end
+            end
+            if args.include?(:arg_without_paren)
+              if %i[on_semicolon on_nl].include?(t.event)
+                # def f a;
+                body = :normal
+              else
+                # def f a, b
+                next_args << :arg_without_paren
+              end
+            end
+            if body == :oneliner
+              opens.pop
+            elsif body
+              opens[-1] = [last_tok, nil]
+            else
+              opens[-1] = [last_tok, :in_method_head, next_args]
+            end
+          end
+        when :in_for_while_until_condition
+          if t.event == :on_semicolon || t.event == :on_nl || (t.event == :on_kw && t.tok == 'do')
+            skip = true if t.event == :on_kw && t.tok == 'do'
+            opens[-1] = [last_tok, nil]
+          end
+        end
+
+        unless skip
+          case t.event
+          when :on_kw
+            case t.tok
+            when 'begin', 'class', 'module', 'do', 'case'
+              opens << [t, nil]
+            when 'end'
+              opens.pop
+            when 'def'
+              opens << [t, :in_method_head, [:receiver, :name]]
+            when 'if', 'unless'
+              unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
+                opens << [t, nil]
+              end
+            when 'while', 'until'
+              unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
+                opens << [t, :in_for_while_until_condition]
+              end
+            when 'ensure', 'rescue'
+              unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
+                opens.pop
+                opens << [t, nil]
+              end
+            when 'elsif', 'else', 'when'
+              opens.pop
+              opens << [t, nil]
+            when 'for'
+              opens << [t, :in_for_while_until_condition]
+            when 'in'
+              if last_tok&.event == :on_kw && %w[case in].include?(last_tok.tok) && first_token_on_line
+                opens.pop
+                opens << [t, nil]
+              end
+            end
+          when :on_tlambda
+            opens << [t, :in_lambda_head]
+          when :on_lparen, :on_lbracket, :on_lbrace, :on_tlambeg, :on_embexpr_beg, :on_embdoc_beg
+            opens << [t, nil]
+          when :on_rparen, :on_rbracket, :on_rbrace, :on_embexpr_end, :on_embdoc_end
+            opens.pop
+          when :on_heredoc_beg
+            pending_heredocs << t
+          when :on_heredoc_end
+            opens.pop
+          when :on_backtick
+            opens << [t, nil] if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG)
+          when :on_tstring_beg, :on_words_beg, :on_qwords_beg, :on_symbols_beg, :on_qsymbols_beg, :on_regexp_beg
+            opens << [t, nil]
+          when :on_tstring_end, :on_regexp_end, :on_label_end
+            opens.pop
+          when :on_symbeg
+            if t.tok == ':'
+              opens << [t, :in_unquoted_symbol]
+            else
+              opens << [t, nil]
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        if t.event == :on_nl || t.event == :on_semicolon
+          first_token_on_line = true
+        elsif t.event != :on_sp
+          first_token_on_line = false
+        end
+        if pending_heredocs.any? && t.tok.include?("\n")
+          pending_heredocs.reverse_each { |t| opens << [t, nil] }
+          pending_heredocs = []
+        end
+        yield t, opens if block_given?
+      end
+      opens.map(&:first) + pending_heredocs.reverse
+    end
+
+    def self.open_tokens(tokens)
+      # scan_opens without block will return a list of open tokens at last token position
+      scan_opens(tokens)
+    end
+
+    # Calculates token information [line_tokens, prev_opens, next_opens, min_depth] for each line.
+    # Example code
+    #   ["hello
+    #   world"+(
+    # First line
+    #   line_tokens: [[lbracket, '['], [tstring_beg, '"'], [tstring_content("hello\nworld"), "hello\n"]]
+    #   prev_opens:  []
+    #   next_tokens: [lbracket, tstring_beg]
+    #   min_depth:   0 (minimum at beginning of line)
+    # Second line
+    #   line_tokens: [[tstring_content("hello\nworld"), "world"], [tstring_end, '"'], [op, '+'], [lparen, '(']]
+    #   prev_opens:  [lbracket, tstring_beg]
+    #   next_tokens: [lbracket, lparen]
+    #   min_depth:   1 (minimum just after tstring_end)
+    def self.parse_by_line(tokens)
+      line_tokens = []
+      prev_opens = []
+      min_depth = 0
+      output = []
+      last_opens = scan_opens(tokens) do |t, opens|
+        depth = t == opens.last&.first ? opens.size - 1 : opens.size
+        min_depth = depth if depth < min_depth
+        if t.tok.include?("\n")
+          t.tok.each_line do |line|
+            line_tokens << [t, line]
+            next if line[-1] != "\n"
+            next_opens = opens.map(&:first)
+            output << [line_tokens, prev_opens, next_opens, min_depth]
+            prev_opens = next_opens
+            min_depth = prev_opens.size
+            line_tokens = []
+          end
+        else
+          line_tokens << [t, t.tok]
+        end
+      end
+      output << [line_tokens, prev_opens, last_opens, min_depth] if line_tokens.any?
+      output
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/notifier.rb b/lib/irb/notifier.rb
index d0e413dd68..612de3df16 100644
--- a/lib/irb/notifier.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/notifier.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   notifier.rb - output methods used by irb
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "output-method"
 
diff --git a/lib/irb/output-method.rb b/lib/irb/output-method.rb
index 3fda708cb0..f5ea57111d 100644
--- a/lib/irb/output-method.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/output-method.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   output-method.rb - output methods used by irb
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB
   # An abstract output class for IO in irb. This is mainly used internally by
diff --git a/lib/irb/pager.rb b/lib/irb/pager.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3391b32c66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/pager.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module IRB
+  # The implementation of this class is borrowed from RDoc's lib/rdoc/ri/driver.rb.
+  # Please do NOT use this class directly outside of IRB.
+  class Pager
+    PAGE_COMMANDS = [ENV['RI_PAGER'], ENV['PAGER'], 'less', 'more'].compact.uniq
+
+    class << self
+      def page_content(content, **options)
+        if content_exceeds_screen_height?(content)
+          page(**options) do |io|
+            io.puts content
+          end
+        else
+          $stdout.puts content
+        end
+      end
+
+      def page(retain_content: false)
+        if should_page? && pager = setup_pager(retain_content: retain_content)
+          begin
+            pid = pager.pid
+            yield pager
+          ensure
+            pager.close
+          end
+        else
+          yield $stdout
+        end
+      # When user presses Ctrl-C, IRB would raise `IRB::Abort`
+      # But since Pager is implemented by running paging commands like `less` in another process with `IO.popen`,
+      # the `IRB::Abort` exception only interrupts IRB's execution but doesn't affect the pager
+      # So to properly terminate the pager with Ctrl-C, we need to catch `IRB::Abort` and kill the pager process
+      rescue IRB::Abort
+        Process.kill("TERM", pid) if pid
+        nil
+      rescue Errno::EPIPE
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def should_page?
+        IRB.conf[:USE_PAGER] && STDIN.tty? && (ENV.key?("TERM") && ENV["TERM"] != "dumb")
+      end
+
+      def content_exceeds_screen_height?(content)
+        screen_height, screen_width = begin
+          Reline.get_screen_size
+        rescue Errno::EINVAL
+          [24, 80]
+        end
+
+        pageable_height = screen_height - 3 # leave some space for previous and the current prompt
+
+        # If the content has more lines than the pageable height
+        content.lines.count > pageable_height ||
+          # Or if the content is a few long lines
+          pageable_height * screen_width < Reline::Unicode.calculate_width(content, true)
+      end
+
+      def setup_pager(retain_content:)
+        require 'shellwords'
+
+        PAGE_COMMANDS.each do |pager_cmd|
+          cmd = Shellwords.split(pager_cmd)
+          next if cmd.empty?
+
+          if cmd.first == 'less'
+            cmd << '-R' unless cmd.include?('-R')
+            cmd << '-X' if retain_content && !cmd.include?('-X')
+          end
+
+          begin
+            io = IO.popen(cmd, 'w')
+          rescue
+            next
+          end
+
+          if $? && $?.pid == io.pid && $?.exited? # pager didn't work
+            next
+          end
+
+          return io
+        end
+
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb b/lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb
index 29862f5507..4bce2aa6b2 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ruby-lex.rb
@@ -1,861 +1,474 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/ruby-lex.rb - ruby lexcal analyzer
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require "ripper"
 require "jruby" if RUBY_ENGINE == "jruby"
-
-# :stopdoc:
-class RubyLex
-
-  class TerminateLineInput < StandardError
-    def initialize
-      super("Terminate Line Input")
-    end
-  end
-
-  def initialize
-    @exp_line_no = @line_no = 1
-    @indent = 0
-    @continue = false
-    @line = ""
-    @prompt = nil
-  end
-
-  def self.compile_with_errors_suppressed(code, line_no: 1)
-    begin
-      result = yield code, line_no
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      # Ruby can issue an error for the code if there is an
-      # incomplete magic comment for encoding in it. Force an
-      # expression with a new line before the code in this
-      # case to prevent magic comment handling.  To make sure
-      # line numbers in the lexed code remain the same,
-      # decrease the line number by one.
-      code = ";\n#{code}"
-      line_no -= 1
-      result = yield code, line_no
-    end
-    result
-  end
-
-  # io functions
-  def set_input(io, p = nil, context: nil, &block)
-    @io = io
-    if @io.respond_to?(:check_termination)
-      @io.check_termination do |code|
-        if Reline::IOGate.in_pasting?
-          lex = RubyLex.new
-          rest = lex.check_termination_in_prev_line(code, context: context)
-          if rest
-            Reline.delete_text
-            rest.bytes.reverse_each do |c|
-              Reline.ungetc(c)
-            end
-            true
-          else
-            false
-          end
-        else
-          code.gsub!(/\s*\z/, '').concat("\n")
-          ltype, indent, continue, code_block_open = check_state(code, context: context)
-          if ltype or indent > 0 or continue or code_block_open
-            false
-          else
-            true
-          end
-        end
+require_relative "nesting_parser"
+
+module IRB
+  # :stopdoc:
+  class RubyLex
+    ASSIGNMENT_NODE_TYPES = [
+      # Local, instance, global, class, constant, instance, and index assignment:
+      #   "foo = bar",
+      #   "@foo = bar",
+      #   "$foo = bar",
+      #   "@@foo = bar",
+      #   "::Foo = bar",
+      #   "a::Foo = bar",
+      #   "Foo = bar"
+      #   "foo.bar = 1"
+      #   "foo[1] = bar"
+      :assign,
+
+      # Operation assignment:
+      #   "foo += bar"
+      #   "foo -= bar"
+      #   "foo ||= bar"
+      #   "foo &&= bar"
+      :opassign,
+
+      # Multiple assignment:
+      #   "foo, bar = 1, 2
+      :massign,
+    ]
+
+    class TerminateLineInput < StandardError
+      def initialize
+        super("Terminate Line Input")
       end
     end
-    if @io.respond_to?(:dynamic_prompt)
-      @io.dynamic_prompt do |lines|
-        lines << '' if lines.empty?
-        result = []
-        tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(lines.map{ |l| l + "\n" }.join, context: context)
-        code = String.new
-        partial_tokens = []
-        unprocessed_tokens = []
-        line_num_offset = 0
-        tokens.each do |t|
-          partial_tokens << t
-          unprocessed_tokens << t
-          if t.tok.include?("\n")
-            t_str = t.tok
-            t_str.each_line("\n") do |s|
-              code << s << "\n"
-              ltype, indent, continue, code_block_open = check_state(code, partial_tokens, context: context)
-              result << @prompt.call(ltype, indent, continue || code_block_open, @line_no + line_num_offset)
-              line_num_offset += 1
-            end
-            unprocessed_tokens = []
-          else
-            code << t.tok
-          end
-        end
 
-        unless unprocessed_tokens.empty?
-          ltype, indent, continue, code_block_open = check_state(code, unprocessed_tokens, context: context)
-          result << @prompt.call(ltype, indent, continue || code_block_open, @line_no + line_num_offset)
-        end
-        result
+    def self.compile_with_errors_suppressed(code, line_no: 1)
+      begin
+        result = yield code, line_no
+      rescue ArgumentError
+        # Ruby can issue an error for the code if there is an
+        # incomplete magic comment for encoding in it. Force an
+        # expression with a new line before the code in this
+        # case to prevent magic comment handling.  To make sure
+        # line numbers in the lexed code remain the same,
+        # decrease the line number by one.
+        code = ";\n#{code}"
+        line_no -= 1
+        result = yield code, line_no
       end
+      result
     end
 
-    if p.respond_to?(:call)
-      @input = p
-    elsif block_given?
-      @input = block
-    else
-      @input = Proc.new{@io.gets}
+    ERROR_TOKENS = [
+      :on_parse_error,
+      :compile_error,
+      :on_assign_error,
+      :on_alias_error,
+      :on_class_name_error,
+      :on_param_error
+    ]
+
+    def self.generate_local_variables_assign_code(local_variables)
+      "#{local_variables.join('=')}=nil;" unless local_variables.empty?
     end
-  end
 
-  def set_prompt(p = nil, &block)
-    p = block if block_given?
-    if p.respond_to?(:call)
-      @prompt = p
-    else
-      @prompt = Proc.new{print p}
+    # Some part of the code is not included in Ripper's token.
+    # Example: DATA part, token after heredoc_beg when heredoc has unclosed embexpr.
+    # With interpolated tokens, tokens.map(&:tok).join will be equal to code.
+    def self.interpolate_ripper_ignored_tokens(code, tokens)
+      line_positions = [0]
+      code.lines.each do |line|
+        line_positions << line_positions.last + line.bytesize
+      end
+      prev_byte_pos = 0
+      interpolated = []
+      prev_line = 1
+      tokens.each do |t|
+        line, col = t.pos
+        byte_pos = line_positions[line - 1] + col
+        if prev_byte_pos < byte_pos
+          tok = code.byteslice(prev_byte_pos...byte_pos)
+          pos = [prev_line, prev_byte_pos - line_positions[prev_line - 1]]
+          interpolated << Ripper::Lexer::Elem.new(pos, :on_ignored_by_ripper, tok, 0)
+          prev_line += tok.count("\n")
+        end
+        interpolated << t
+        prev_byte_pos = byte_pos + t.tok.bytesize
+        prev_line += t.tok.count("\n")
+      end
+      if prev_byte_pos < code.bytesize
+        tok = code.byteslice(prev_byte_pos..)
+        pos = [prev_line, prev_byte_pos - line_positions[prev_line - 1]]
+        interpolated << Ripper::Lexer::Elem.new(pos, :on_ignored_by_ripper, tok, 0)
+      end
+      interpolated
     end
-  end
 
-  ERROR_TOKENS = [
-    :on_parse_error,
-    :compile_error,
-    :on_assign_error,
-    :on_alias_error,
-    :on_class_name_error,
-    :on_param_error
-  ]
-
-  def self.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, context: nil)
-    verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
-    if context
-      lvars = context&.workspace&.binding&.local_variables
-      if lvars && !lvars.empty?
-        code = "#{lvars.join('=')}=nil\n#{code}"
+    def self.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, local_variables: [])
+      verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
+      lvars_code = generate_local_variables_assign_code(local_variables)
+      original_code = code
+      if lvars_code
+        code = "#{lvars_code}\n#{code}"
         line_no = 0
       else
         line_no = 1
       end
-    end
-    tokens = nil
-    compile_with_errors_suppressed(code, line_no: line_no) do |inner_code, line_no|
-      lexer = Ripper::Lexer.new(inner_code, '-', line_no)
-      if lexer.respond_to?(:scan) # Ruby 2.7+
+
+      compile_with_errors_suppressed(code, line_no: line_no) do |inner_code, line_no|
+        lexer = Ripper::Lexer.new(inner_code, '-', line_no)
         tokens = []
-        pos_to_index = {}
         lexer.scan.each do |t|
           next if t.pos.first == 0
-          if pos_to_index.has_key?(t.pos)
-            index = pos_to_index[t.pos]
-            found_tk = tokens[index]
-            if ERROR_TOKENS.include?(found_tk.event) && !ERROR_TOKENS.include?(t.event)
-              tokens[index] = t
-            end
+          prev_tk = tokens.last
+          position_overlapped = prev_tk && t.pos[0] == prev_tk.pos[0] && t.pos[1] < prev_tk.pos[1] + prev_tk.tok.bytesize
+          if position_overlapped
+            tokens[-1] = t if ERROR_TOKENS.include?(prev_tk.event) && !ERROR_TOKENS.include?(t.event)
           else
-            pos_to_index[t.pos] = tokens.size
             tokens << t
           end
         end
-      else
-        tokens = lexer.parse.reject { |it| it.pos.first == 0 }
-      end
-    end
-    tokens
-  ensure
-    $VERBOSE = verbose
-  end
-
-  def find_prev_spaces(line_index)
-    return 0 if @tokens.size == 0
-    md = @tokens[0].tok.match(/(\A +)/)
-    prev_spaces = md.nil? ? 0 : md[1].count(' ')
-    line_count = 0
-    @tokens.each_with_index do |t, i|
-      if t.tok.include?("\n")
-        line_count += t.tok.count("\n")
-        if line_count >= line_index
-          return prev_spaces
-        end
-        if (@tokens.size - 1) > i
-          md = @tokens[i + 1].tok.match(/(\A +)/)
-          prev_spaces = md.nil? ? 0 : md[1].count(' ')
-        end
-      end
-    end
-    prev_spaces
-  end
-
-  def set_auto_indent(context)
-    if @io.respond_to?(:auto_indent) and context.auto_indent_mode
-      @io.auto_indent do |lines, line_index, byte_pointer, is_newline|
-        if is_newline
-          @tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(lines[0..line_index].join("\n"), context: context)
-          prev_spaces = find_prev_spaces(line_index)
-          depth_difference = check_newline_depth_difference
-          depth_difference = 0 if depth_difference < 0
-          prev_spaces + depth_difference * 2
-        else
-          code = line_index.zero? ? '' : lines[0..(line_index - 1)].map{ |l| l + "\n" }.join
-          last_line = lines[line_index]&.byteslice(0, byte_pointer)
-          code += last_line if last_line
-          @tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, context: context)
-          corresponding_token_depth = check_corresponding_token_depth(lines, line_index)
-          if corresponding_token_depth
-            corresponding_token_depth
-          else
-            nil
-          end
-        end
+        interpolate_ripper_ignored_tokens(original_code, tokens)
       end
+    ensure
+      $VERBOSE = verbose
     end
-  end
 
-  def check_state(code, tokens = nil, context: nil)
-    tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, context: context) unless tokens
-    ltype = process_literal_type(tokens)
-    indent = process_nesting_level(tokens)
-    continue = process_continue(tokens)
-    code_block_open = check_code_block(code, tokens)
-    [ltype, indent, continue, code_block_open]
-  end
-
-  def prompt
-    if @prompt
-      @prompt.call(@ltype, @indent, @continue, @line_no)
+    def check_code_state(code, local_variables:)
+      tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, local_variables: local_variables)
+      opens = NestingParser.open_tokens(tokens)
+      [tokens, opens, code_terminated?(code, tokens, opens, local_variables: local_variables)]
     end
-  end
 
-  def initialize_input
-    @ltype = nil
-    @indent = 0
-    @continue = false
-    @line = ""
-    @exp_line_no = @line_no
-    @code_block_open = false
-  end
-
-  def each_top_level_statement
-    initialize_input
-    catch(:TERM_INPUT) do
-      loop do
-        begin
-          prompt
-          unless l = lex
-            throw :TERM_INPUT if @line == ''
-          else
-            @line_no += l.count("\n")
-            if l == "\n"
-              @exp_line_no += 1
-              next
-            end
-            @line.concat l
-            if @code_block_open or @ltype or @continue or @indent > 0
-              next
-            end
-          end
-          if @line != "\n"
-            @line.force_encoding(@io.encoding)
-            yield @line, @exp_line_no
-          end
-          raise TerminateLineInput if @io.eof?
-          @line = ''
-          @exp_line_no = @line_no
-
-          @indent = 0
-        rescue TerminateLineInput
-          initialize_input
-          prompt
-        end
+    def code_terminated?(code, tokens, opens, local_variables:)
+      case check_code_syntax(code, local_variables: local_variables)
+      when :unrecoverable_error
+        true
+      when :recoverable_error
+        false
+      when :other_error
+        opens.empty? && !should_continue?(tokens)
+      when :valid
+        !should_continue?(tokens)
       end
     end
-  end
-
-  def lex
-    line = @input.call
-    if @io.respond_to?(:check_termination)
-      return line # multiline
-    end
-    code = @line + (line.nil? ? '' : line)
-    code.gsub!(/\s*\z/, '').concat("\n")
-    @tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(code)
-    @continue = process_continue
-    @code_block_open = check_code_block(code)
-    @indent = process_nesting_level
-    @ltype = process_literal_type
-    line
-  end
-
-  def process_continue(tokens = @tokens)
-    # last token is always newline
-    if tokens.size >= 2 and tokens[-2].event == :on_regexp_end
-      # end of regexp literal
-      return false
-    elsif tokens.size >= 2 and tokens[-2].event == :on_semicolon
-      return false
-    elsif tokens.size >= 2 and tokens[-2].event == :on_kw and ['begin', 'else', 'ensure'].include?(tokens[-2].tok)
-      return false
-    elsif !tokens.empty? and tokens.last.tok == "\\\n"
-      return true
-    elsif tokens.size >= 1 and tokens[-1].event == :on_heredoc_end # "EOH\n"
-      return false
-    elsif tokens.size >= 2 and defined?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG) and tokens[-2].state.anybits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG | Ripper::EXPR_FNAME) and tokens[-2].tok !~ /\A\.\.\.?\z/
-      # end of literal except for regexp
-      # endless range at end of line is not a continue
-      return true
-    end
-    false
-  end
 
-  def check_code_block(code, tokens = @tokens)
-    return true if tokens.empty?
-    if tokens.last.event == :on_heredoc_beg
-      return true
-    end
+    def assignment_expression?(code, local_variables:)
+      # Try to parse the code and check if the last of possibly multiple
+      # expressions is an assignment type.
 
-    begin # check if parser error are available
+      # If the expression is invalid, Ripper.sexp should return nil which will
+      # result in false being returned. Any valid expression should return an
+      # s-expression where the second element of the top level array is an
+      # array of parsed expressions. The first element of each expression is the
+      # expression's type.
       verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
-      case RUBY_ENGINE
-      when 'ruby'
-        self.class.compile_with_errors_suppressed(code) do |inner_code, line_no|
-          RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(inner_code, nil, nil, line_no)
-        end
-      when 'jruby'
-        JRuby.compile_ir(code)
-      else
-        catch(:valid) do
-          eval("BEGIN { throw :valid, true }\n#{code}")
-          false
-        end
-      end
-    rescue EncodingError
-      # This is for a hash with invalid encoding symbol, {"\xAE": 1}
-    rescue SyntaxError => e
-      case e.message
-      when /unterminated (?:string|regexp) meets end of file/
-        # "unterminated regexp meets end of file"
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     /
-        #
-        # "unterminated string meets end of file"
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     '
-        return true
-      when /syntax error, unexpected end-of-input/
-        # "syntax error, unexpected end-of-input, expecting keyword_end"
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     if true
-        #       hoge
-        #       if false
-        #         fuga
-        #       end
-        return true
-      when /syntax error, unexpected keyword_end/
-        # "syntax error, unexpected keyword_end"
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     if (
-        #     end
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     end
-        return false
-      when /syntax error, unexpected '\.'/
-        # "syntax error, unexpected '.'"
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     .
-        return false
-      when /unexpected tREGEXP_BEG/
-        # "syntax error, unexpected tREGEXP_BEG, expecting keyword_do or '{' or '('"
-        #
-        #   example:
-        #     method / f /
-        return false
-      end
+      code = "#{RubyLex.generate_local_variables_assign_code(local_variables) || 'nil;'}\n#{code}"
+      # Get the last node_type of the line. drop(1) is to ignore the local_variables_assign_code part.
+      node_type = Ripper.sexp(code)&.dig(1)&.drop(1)&.dig(-1, 0)
+      ASSIGNMENT_NODE_TYPES.include?(node_type)
     ensure
       $VERBOSE = verbose
     end
 
-    if defined?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG)
-      last_lex_state = tokens.last.state
-      if last_lex_state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG)
-        return false
-      elsif last_lex_state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_DOT)
-        return true
-      elsif last_lex_state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_CLASS)
-        return true
-      elsif last_lex_state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_FNAME)
-        return true
-      elsif last_lex_state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_VALUE)
-        return true
-      elsif last_lex_state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ARG)
-        return false
+    def should_continue?(tokens)
+      # Look at the last token and check if IRB need to continue reading next line.
+      # Example code that should continue: `a\` `a +` `a.`
+      # Trailing spaces, newline, comments are skipped
+      return true if tokens.last&.event == :on_sp && tokens.last.tok == "\\\n"
+
+      tokens.reverse_each do |token|
+        case token.event
+        when :on_sp, :on_nl, :on_ignored_nl, :on_comment, :on_embdoc_beg, :on_embdoc, :on_embdoc_end
+          # Skip
+        when :on_regexp_end, :on_heredoc_end, :on_semicolon
+          # State is EXPR_BEG but should not continue
+          return false
+        else
+          # Endless range should not continue
+          return false if token.event == :on_op && token.tok.match?(/\A\.\.\.?\z/)
+
+          # EXPR_DOT and most of the EXPR_BEG should continue
+          return token.state.anybits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG | Ripper::EXPR_DOT)
+        end
       end
+      false
     end
 
-    false
-  end
+    def check_code_syntax(code, local_variables:)
+      lvars_code = RubyLex.generate_local_variables_assign_code(local_variables)
+      code = "#{lvars_code}\n#{code}"
 
-  def process_nesting_level(tokens = @tokens)
-    indent = 0
-    in_oneliner_def = nil
-    tokens.each_with_index { |t, index|
-      # detecting one-liner method definition
-      if in_oneliner_def.nil?
-        if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ENDFN)
-          in_oneliner_def = :ENDFN
-        end
-      else
-        if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ENDFN)
-          # continuing
-        elsif t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG)
-          if t.tok == '='
-            in_oneliner_def = :BODY
+      begin # check if parser error are available
+        verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
+        case RUBY_ENGINE
+        when 'ruby'
+          self.class.compile_with_errors_suppressed(code) do |inner_code, line_no|
+            RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(inner_code, nil, nil, line_no)
           end
+        when 'jruby'
+          JRuby.compile_ir(code)
         else
-          if in_oneliner_def == :BODY
-            # one-liner method definition
-            indent -= 1
+          catch(:valid) do
+            eval("BEGIN { throw :valid, true }\n#{code}")
+            false
           end
-          in_oneliner_def = nil
         end
-      end
-
-      case t.event
-      when :on_lbracket, :on_lbrace, :on_lparen, :on_tlambeg
-        indent += 1
-      when :on_rbracket, :on_rbrace, :on_rparen
-        indent -= 1
-      when :on_kw
-        next if index > 0 and tokens[index - 1].state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_FNAME)
-        case t.tok
-        when 'do'
-          syntax_of_do = take_corresponding_syntax_to_kw_do(tokens, index)
-          indent += 1 if syntax_of_do == :method_calling
-        when 'def', 'case', 'for', 'begin', 'class', 'module'
-          indent += 1
-        when 'if', 'unless', 'while', 'until'
-          # postfix if/unless/while/until must be Ripper::EXPR_LABEL
-          indent += 1 unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
-        when 'end'
-          indent -= 1
+      rescue EncodingError
+        # This is for a hash with invalid encoding symbol, {"\xAE": 1}
+        :unrecoverable_error
+      rescue SyntaxError => e
+        case e.message
+        when /unterminated (?:string|regexp) meets end of file/
+          # "unterminated regexp meets end of file"
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     /
+          #
+          # "unterminated string meets end of file"
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     '
+          return :recoverable_error
+        when /syntax error, unexpected end-of-input/
+          # "syntax error, unexpected end-of-input, expecting keyword_end"
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     if true
+          #       hoge
+          #       if false
+          #         fuga
+          #       end
+          return :recoverable_error
+        when /syntax error, unexpected keyword_end/
+          # "syntax error, unexpected keyword_end"
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     if (
+          #     end
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     end
+          return :unrecoverable_error
+        when /syntax error, unexpected '\.'/
+          # "syntax error, unexpected '.'"
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     .
+          return :unrecoverable_error
+        when /unexpected tREGEXP_BEG/
+          # "syntax error, unexpected tREGEXP_BEG, expecting keyword_do or '{' or '('"
+          #
+          #   example:
+          #     method / f /
+          return :unrecoverable_error
+        else
+          return :other_error
         end
+      ensure
+        $VERBOSE = verbose
       end
-      # percent literals are not indented
-    }
-    indent
-  end
+      :valid
+    end
 
-  def is_method_calling?(tokens, index)
-    tk = tokens[index]
-    if tk.state.anybits?(Ripper::EXPR_CMDARG) and tk.event == :on_ident
-      # The target method call to pass the block with "do".
-      return true
-    elsif tk.state.anybits?(Ripper::EXPR_ARG) and tk.event == :on_ident
-      non_sp_index = tokens[0..(index - 1)].rindex{ |t| t.event != :on_sp }
-      if non_sp_index
-        prev_tk = tokens[non_sp_index]
-        if prev_tk.state.anybits?(Ripper::EXPR_DOT) and prev_tk.event == :on_period
-          # The target method call with receiver to pass the block with "do".
-          return true
+    def calc_indent_level(opens)
+      indent_level = 0
+      opens.each_with_index do |t, index|
+        case t.event
+        when :on_heredoc_beg
+          if opens[index + 1]&.event != :on_heredoc_beg
+            if t.tok.match?(/^<<[~-]/)
+              indent_level += 1
+            else
+              indent_level = 0
+            end
+          end
+        when :on_tstring_beg, :on_regexp_beg, :on_symbeg, :on_backtick
+          # No indent: "", //, :"", ``
+          # Indent: %(), %r(), %i(), %x()
+          indent_level += 1 if t.tok.start_with? '%'
+        when :on_embdoc_beg
+          indent_level = 0
+        else
+          indent_level += 1
         end
       end
+      indent_level
     end
-    false
-  end
 
-  def take_corresponding_syntax_to_kw_do(tokens, index)
-    syntax_of_do = nil
-    # Finding a syntax corresponding to "do".
-    index.downto(0) do |i|
-      tk = tokens[i]
-      # In "continue", the token isn't the corresponding syntax to "do".
-      non_sp_index = tokens[0..(i - 1)].rindex{ |t| t.event != :on_sp }
-      first_in_fomula = false
-      if non_sp_index.nil?
-        first_in_fomula = true
-      elsif [:on_ignored_nl, :on_nl, :on_comment].include?(tokens[non_sp_index].event)
-        first_in_fomula = true
-      end
-      if is_method_calling?(tokens, i)
-        syntax_of_do = :method_calling
-        break if first_in_fomula
-      elsif tk.event == :on_kw && %w{while until for}.include?(tk.tok)
-        # A loop syntax in front of "do" found.
-        #
-        #   while cond do # also "until" or "for"
-        #   end
-        #
-        # This "do" doesn't increment indent because the loop syntax already
-        # incremented.
-        syntax_of_do = :loop_syntax
-        break if first_in_fomula
-      end
+    FREE_INDENT_TOKENS = %i[on_tstring_beg on_backtick on_regexp_beg on_symbeg]
+
+    def free_indent_token?(token)
+      FREE_INDENT_TOKENS.include?(token&.event)
     end
-    syntax_of_do
-  end
 
-  def is_the_in_correspond_to_a_for(tokens, index)
-    syntax_of_in = nil
-    # Finding a syntax corresponding to "do".
-    index.downto(0) do |i|
-      tk = tokens[i]
-      # In "continue", the token isn't the corresponding syntax to "do".
-      non_sp_index = tokens[0..(i - 1)].rindex{ |t| t.event != :on_sp }
-      first_in_fomula = false
-      if non_sp_index.nil?
-        first_in_fomula = true
-      elsif [:on_ignored_nl, :on_nl, :on_comment].include?(tokens[non_sp_index].event)
-        first_in_fomula = true
-      end
-      if tk.event == :on_kw && tk.tok == 'for'
-        # A loop syntax in front of "do" found.
-        #
-        #   while cond do # also "until" or "for"
-        #   end
-        #
-        # This "do" doesn't increment indent because the loop syntax already
-        # incremented.
-        syntax_of_in = :for
+    # Calculates the difference of pasted code's indent and indent calculated from tokens
+    def indent_difference(lines, line_results, line_index)
+      loop do
+        _tokens, prev_opens, _next_opens, min_depth = line_results[line_index]
+        open_token = prev_opens.last
+        if !open_token || (open_token.event != :on_heredoc_beg && !free_indent_token?(open_token))
+          # If the leading whitespace is an indent, return the difference
+          indent_level = calc_indent_level(prev_opens.take(min_depth))
+          calculated_indent = 2 * indent_level
+          actual_indent = lines[line_index][/^ */].size
+          return actual_indent - calculated_indent
+        elsif open_token.event == :on_heredoc_beg && open_token.tok.match?(/^<<[^-~]/)
+          return 0
+        end
+        # If the leading whitespace is not an indent but part of a multiline token
+        # Calculate base_indent of the multiline token's beginning line
+        line_index = open_token.pos[0] - 1
       end
-      break if first_in_fomula
     end
-    syntax_of_in
-  end
 
-  def check_newline_depth_difference
-    depth_difference = 0
-    open_brace_on_line = 0
-    in_oneliner_def = nil
-    @tokens.each_with_index do |t, index|
-      # detecting one-liner method definition
-      if in_oneliner_def.nil?
-        if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ENDFN)
-          in_oneliner_def = :ENDFN
-        end
+    def process_indent_level(tokens, lines, line_index, is_newline)
+      line_results = NestingParser.parse_by_line(tokens)
+      result = line_results[line_index]
+      if result
+        _tokens, prev_opens, next_opens, min_depth = result
       else
-        if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ENDFN)
-          # continuing
-        elsif t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG)
-          if t.tok == '='
-            in_oneliner_def = :BODY
-          end
-        else
-          if in_oneliner_def == :BODY
-            # one-liner method definition
-            depth_difference -= 1
-          end
-          in_oneliner_def = nil
-        end
+        # When last line is empty
+        prev_opens = next_opens = line_results.last[2]
+        min_depth = next_opens.size
       end
 
-      case t.event
-      when :on_ignored_nl, :on_nl, :on_comment
-        if index != (@tokens.size - 1) and in_oneliner_def != :BODY
-          depth_difference = 0
-          open_brace_on_line = 0
-        end
-        next
-      when :on_sp
-        next
-      end
+      # To correctly indent line like `end.map do`, we use shortest open tokens on each line for indent calculation.
+      # Shortest open tokens can be calculated by `opens.take(min_depth)`
+      indent = 2 * calc_indent_level(prev_opens.take(min_depth))
 
-      case t.event
-      when :on_lbracket, :on_lbrace, :on_lparen, :on_tlambeg
-        depth_difference += 1
-        open_brace_on_line += 1
-      when :on_rbracket, :on_rbrace, :on_rparen
-        depth_difference -= 1 if open_brace_on_line > 0
-      when :on_kw
-        next if index > 0 and @tokens[index - 1].state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_FNAME)
-        case t.tok
-        when 'do'
-          syntax_of_do = take_corresponding_syntax_to_kw_do(@tokens, index)
-          depth_difference += 1 if syntax_of_do == :method_calling
-        when 'def', 'case', 'for', 'begin', 'class', 'module'
-          depth_difference += 1
-        when 'if', 'unless', 'while', 'until', 'rescue'
-          # postfix if/unless/while/until/rescue must be Ripper::EXPR_LABEL
-          unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
-            depth_difference += 1
-          end
-        when 'else', 'elsif', 'ensure', 'when'
-          depth_difference += 1
-        when 'in'
-          unless is_the_in_correspond_to_a_for(@tokens, index)
-            depth_difference += 1
-          end
-        when 'end'
-          depth_difference -= 1
-        end
-      end
-    end
-    depth_difference
-  end
+      preserve_indent = lines[line_index - (is_newline ? 1 : 0)][/^ */].size
 
-  def check_corresponding_token_depth(lines, line_index)
-    corresponding_token_depth = nil
-    is_first_spaces_of_line = true
-    is_first_printable_of_line = true
-    spaces_of_nest = []
-    spaces_at_line_head = 0
-    open_brace_on_line = 0
-    in_oneliner_def = nil
-
-    if heredoc_scope?
-      return lines[line_index][/^ */].length
-    end
+      prev_open_token = prev_opens.last
+      next_open_token = next_opens.last
 
-    @tokens.each_with_index do |t, index|
-      # detecting one-liner method definition
-      if in_oneliner_def.nil?
-        if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ENDFN)
-          in_oneliner_def = :ENDFN
-        end
+      # Calculates base indent for pasted code on the line where prev_open_token is located
+      # irb(main):001:1*   if a # base_indent is 2, indent calculated from tokens is 0
+      # irb(main):002:1*         if b # base_indent is 6, indent calculated from tokens is 2
+      # irb(main):003:0>           c # base_indent is 6, indent calculated from tokens is 4
+      if prev_open_token
+        base_indent = [0, indent_difference(lines, line_results, prev_open_token.pos[0] - 1)].max
       else
-        if t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_ENDFN)
-          # continuing
-        elsif t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_BEG)
-          if t.tok == '='
-            in_oneliner_def = :BODY
-          end
-        else
-          if in_oneliner_def == :BODY
-            # one-liner method definition
-            if is_first_printable_of_line
-              corresponding_token_depth = spaces_of_nest.pop
-            else
-              spaces_of_nest.pop
-              corresponding_token_depth = nil
-            end
-          end
-          in_oneliner_def = nil
-        end
+        base_indent = 0
       end
 
-      case t.event
-      when :on_ignored_nl, :on_nl, :on_comment
-        if in_oneliner_def != :BODY
-          corresponding_token_depth = nil
-          spaces_at_line_head = 0
-          is_first_spaces_of_line = true
-          is_first_printable_of_line = true
-          open_brace_on_line = 0
+      if free_indent_token?(prev_open_token)
+        if is_newline && prev_open_token.pos[0] == line_index
+          # First newline inside free-indent token
+          base_indent + indent
+        else
+          # Accept any number of indent inside free-indent token
+          preserve_indent
         end
-        next
-      when :on_sp
-        spaces_at_line_head = t.tok.count(' ') if is_first_spaces_of_line
-        is_first_spaces_of_line = false
-        next
-      end
-
-      case t.event
-      when :on_lbracket, :on_lbrace, :on_lparen, :on_tlambeg
-        spaces_of_nest.push(spaces_at_line_head + open_brace_on_line * 2)
-        open_brace_on_line += 1
-      when :on_rbracket, :on_rbrace, :on_rparen
-        if is_first_printable_of_line
-          corresponding_token_depth = spaces_of_nest.pop
+      elsif prev_open_token&.event == :on_embdoc_beg || next_open_token&.event == :on_embdoc_beg
+        if prev_open_token&.event == next_open_token&.event
+          # Accept any number of indent inside embdoc content
+          preserve_indent
         else
-          spaces_of_nest.pop
-          corresponding_token_depth = nil
+          # =begin or =end
+          0
         end
-        open_brace_on_line -= 1
-      when :on_kw
-        next if index > 0 and @tokens[index - 1].state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_FNAME)
-        case t.tok
-        when 'do'
-          syntax_of_do = take_corresponding_syntax_to_kw_do(@tokens, index)
-          if syntax_of_do == :method_calling
-            spaces_of_nest.push(spaces_at_line_head)
-          end
-        when 'def', 'case', 'for', 'begin', 'class', 'module'
-          spaces_of_nest.push(spaces_at_line_head)
-        when 'rescue'
-          unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
-            corresponding_token_depth = spaces_of_nest.last
-          end
-        when 'if', 'unless', 'while', 'until'
-          # postfix if/unless/while/until must be Ripper::EXPR_LABEL
-          unless t.state.allbits?(Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
-            spaces_of_nest.push(spaces_at_line_head)
-          end
-        when 'else', 'elsif', 'ensure', 'when'
-          corresponding_token_depth = spaces_of_nest.last
-        when 'in'
-          if in_keyword_case_scope?
-            corresponding_token_depth = spaces_of_nest.last
-          end
-        when 'end'
-          if is_first_printable_of_line
-            corresponding_token_depth = spaces_of_nest.pop
+      elsif prev_open_token&.event == :on_heredoc_beg
+        tok = prev_open_token.tok
+        if prev_opens.size <= next_opens.size
+          if is_newline && lines[line_index].empty? && line_results[line_index - 1][1].last != next_open_token
+            # First line in heredoc
+            tok.match?(/^<<[-~]/) ? base_indent + indent : indent
+          elsif tok.match?(/^<<~/)
+            # Accept extra indent spaces inside `<<~` heredoc
+            [base_indent + indent, preserve_indent].max
           else
-            spaces_of_nest.pop
-            corresponding_token_depth = nil
+            # Accept any number of indent inside other heredoc
+            preserve_indent
           end
+        else
+          # Heredoc close
+          prev_line_indent_level = calc_indent_level(prev_opens)
+          tok.match?(/^<<[~-]/) ? base_indent + 2 * (prev_line_indent_level - 1) : 0
         end
+      else
+        base_indent + indent
       end
-      is_first_spaces_of_line = false
-      is_first_printable_of_line = false
     end
-    corresponding_token_depth
-  end
 
-  def check_string_literal(tokens)
-    i = 0
-    start_token = []
-    end_type = []
-    while i < tokens.size
-      t = tokens[i]
-      case t.event
-      when *end_type.last
-        start_token.pop
-        end_type.pop
-      when :on_tstring_beg
-        start_token << t
-        end_type << [:on_tstring_end, :on_label_end]
-      when :on_regexp_beg
-        start_token << t
-        end_type << :on_regexp_end
-      when :on_symbeg
-        acceptable_single_tokens = %i{on_ident on_const on_op on_cvar on_ivar on_gvar on_kw on_int on_backtick}
-        if (i + 1) < tokens.size
-          if acceptable_single_tokens.all?{ |st| tokens[i + 1].event != st }
-            start_token << t
-            end_type << :on_tstring_end
-          else
-            i += 1
-          end
-        end
-      when :on_backtick
-        start_token << t
-        end_type << :on_tstring_end
-      when :on_qwords_beg, :on_words_beg, :on_qsymbols_beg, :on_symbols_beg
-        start_token << t
-        end_type << :on_tstring_end
-      when :on_heredoc_beg
-        start_token << t
-        end_type << :on_heredoc_end
-      end
-      i += 1
-    end
-    start_token.last.nil? ? nil : start_token.last
-  end
+    LTYPE_TOKENS = %i[
+      on_heredoc_beg on_tstring_beg
+      on_regexp_beg on_symbeg on_backtick
+      on_symbols_beg on_qsymbols_beg
+      on_words_beg on_qwords_beg
+    ]
 
-  def process_literal_type(tokens = @tokens)
-    start_token = check_string_literal(tokens)
-    return nil if start_token == ""
-
-    case start_token&.event
-    when :on_tstring_beg
-      case start_token&.tok
-      when ?"      then ?"
-      when /^%.$/  then ?"
-      when /^%Q.$/ then ?"
-      when ?'      then ?'
-      when /^%q.$/ then ?'
-      end
-    when :on_regexp_beg   then ?/
-    when :on_symbeg       then ?:
-    when :on_backtick     then ?`
-    when :on_qwords_beg   then ?]
-    when :on_words_beg    then ?]
-    when :on_qsymbols_beg then ?]
-    when :on_symbols_beg  then ?]
-    when :on_heredoc_beg
-      start_token&.tok =~ /<<[-~]?(['"`])[_a-zA-Z0-9]+\1/
-      case $1
-      when ?" then ?"
-      when ?' then ?'
-      when ?` then ?`
-      else         ?"
+    def ltype_from_open_tokens(opens)
+      start_token = opens.reverse_each.find do |tok|
+        LTYPE_TOKENS.include?(tok.event)
       end
-    else
-      nil
-    end
-  end
+      return nil unless start_token
 
-  def check_termination_in_prev_line(code, context: nil)
-    tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, context: context)
-    past_first_newline = false
-    index = tokens.rindex do |t|
-      # traverse first token before last line
-      if past_first_newline
-        if t.tok.include?("\n")
-          true
+      case start_token&.event
+      when :on_tstring_beg
+        case start_token&.tok
+        when ?"      then ?"
+        when /^%.$/  then ?"
+        when /^%Q.$/ then ?"
+        when ?'      then ?'
+        when /^%q.$/ then ?'
         end
-      elsif t.tok.include?("\n")
-        past_first_newline = true
-        false
+      when :on_regexp_beg   then ?/
+      when :on_symbeg       then ?:
+      when :on_backtick     then ?`
+      when :on_qwords_beg   then ?]
+      when :on_words_beg    then ?]
+      when :on_qsymbols_beg then ?]
+      when :on_symbols_beg  then ?]
+      when :on_heredoc_beg
+        start_token&.tok =~ /<<[-~]?(['"`])\w+\1/
+        $1 || ?"
       else
-        false
+        nil
       end
     end
 
-    if index
-      first_token = nil
-      last_line_tokens = tokens[(index + 1)..(tokens.size - 1)]
-      last_line_tokens.each do |t|
-        unless [:on_sp, :on_ignored_sp, :on_comment].include?(t.event)
-          first_token = t
-          break
-        end
-      end
-
-      if first_token.nil?
-        return false
-      elsif first_token && first_token.state == Ripper::EXPR_DOT
-        return false
-      else
-        tokens_without_last_line = tokens[0..index]
-        ltype = process_literal_type(tokens_without_last_line)
-        indent = process_nesting_level(tokens_without_last_line)
-        continue = process_continue(tokens_without_last_line)
-        code_block_open = check_code_block(tokens_without_last_line.map(&:tok).join(''), tokens_without_last_line)
-        if ltype or indent > 0 or continue or code_block_open
-          return false
+    def check_termination_in_prev_line(code, local_variables:)
+      tokens = self.class.ripper_lex_without_warning(code, local_variables: local_variables)
+      past_first_newline = false
+      index = tokens.rindex do |t|
+        # traverse first token before last line
+        if past_first_newline
+          if t.tok.include?("\n")
+            true
+          end
+        elsif t.tok.include?("\n")
+          past_first_newline = true
+          false
         else
-          return last_line_tokens.map(&:tok).join('')
+          false
         end
       end
-    end
-    false
-  end
-
-  private
 
-  def heredoc_scope?
-    heredoc_tokens = @tokens.select { |t| [:on_heredoc_beg, :on_heredoc_end].include?(t.event) }
-    heredoc_tokens[-1]&.event == :on_heredoc_beg
-  end
+      if index
+        first_token = nil
+        last_line_tokens = tokens[(index + 1)..(tokens.size - 1)]
+        last_line_tokens.each do |t|
+          unless [:on_sp, :on_ignored_sp, :on_comment].include?(t.event)
+            first_token = t
+            break
+          end
+        end
 
-  def in_keyword_case_scope?
-    kw_tokens = @tokens.select { |t| t.event == :on_kw && ['case', 'for', 'end'].include?(t.tok) }
-    counter = 0
-    kw_tokens.reverse.each do |t|
-      if t.tok == 'case'
-        return true if counter.zero?
-        counter += 1
-      elsif t.tok == 'for'
-        counter += 1
-      elsif t.tok == 'end'
-        counter -= 1
+        if first_token && first_token.state != Ripper::EXPR_DOT
+          tokens_without_last_line = tokens[0..index]
+          code_without_last_line = tokens_without_last_line.map(&:tok).join
+          opens_without_last_line = NestingParser.open_tokens(tokens_without_last_line)
+          if code_terminated?(code_without_last_line, tokens_without_last_line, opens_without_last_line, local_variables: local_variables)
+            return last_line_tokens.map(&:tok).join
+          end
+        end
       end
+      false
     end
-    false
   end
+  # :startdoc:
 end
-# :startdoc:
+
+RubyLex = IRB::RubyLex
+Object.deprecate_constant(:RubyLex)
diff --git a/lib/irb/ruby_logo.aa b/lib/irb/ruby_logo.aa
index a34a3e2f28..61fe22c94a 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ruby_logo.aa
+++ b/lib/irb/ruby_logo.aa
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+TYPE: LARGE
 
                                              -+smJYYN?mm-
                                    HB"BBYT            TQg  NggT
@@ -35,3 +36,45 @@
     m7       NW H            N                        HSVO1z=?11-
       NgTH    bB        kH   WBHWWHBHWmQgg&gggggNNN
            NNggggggNN
+TYPE: ASCII
+                  ,,,;;;;''''';;;'';,
+              ,,;''     ';;,;;;      ',
+           ,,''          ;;'';'''';;;;;;
+         ,;'             ;;   ',,      ;
+       ,;'              ,;'     ';,    ;
+      ;'               ,;;         ',,,;
+    ,'                ,;;,,,,,,,,,,,;;;;
+   ;'                ;;';;;;         ,;;
+  ;'               ,;'  ;; '',,     ,;;;
+ ;;              ,;'     ;    '';, ,; ;'
+;;            ,;;'       ;;       ;; ;;
+;;,        ,,;;'          ;      ;'; ;;
+;';;,,,,;;;;;;;,,,        ;;   ,'  ; ;;
+; ;;'''    ,;';  ''';,,,   ; ,;'   ;;;;
+;;;;,      ;  ';       ''';;;'     ';;;
+;'; ;,    ;'   ';        ,;' ',     ;;;
+;;;  ;   ,;     ';    ,,'      ',,  ;;
+;;;  ';  ;'      ';,,''          ';,;;
+ ';   ';,;     ,,;''''''''';;;;;;,,;;;
+   ';,,;;,,;;;;;;;;;;''''''''''''''
+TYPE: UNICODE
+                  ⣀⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣿⠿⠛⠛⠶⣤⡀
+              ⣀⣴⠾⠛⠉⠁    ⠙⣿⣶⣤⣶⣟⣉     ⠈⠻⣦
+           ⣀⣴⠟⠋          ⢸⣿⠟⠻⣯⡙⠛⠛⠛⠶⠶⠶⢶⣽⣇
+         ⣠⡾⠋⠁            ⣾⡿  ⠈⠛⢦⣄      ⣿
+       ⣠⡾⠋              ⣰⣿⠃     ⠙⠷⣤⡀   ⣿
+     ⢀⡾⠋               ⣰⣿⡏        ⠈⠻⣦⣄⢠⣿
+    ⣰⠟⠁               ⣴⣿⣿⣁⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⠶⠿⣿⡏
+   ⣼⠏               ⢀⣾⣿⠟⣿⠿⣯⣍⠁        ⣰⣿⡇
+ ⢀⣼⠋              ⢀⣴⣿⠟⠁ ⢸⡇ ⠙⠻⢦⣄⡀    ⢠⡿⣿⡇
+⢀⣾⡏             ⢀⣴⣿⠟⠁    ⣿    ⠉⠻⢶⣄⡀⣰⡟ ⣿⠃
+⣾⣿⠁           ⣠⣶⡿⠋⠁      ⢹⡇      ⠈⣿⡏ ⢸⣿
+⣿⣿⡆       ⢀⣠⣴⣿⡿⠋         ⠈⣿     ⢀⡾⠋⣿ ⢸⣿
+⣿⠸⣿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣾⠿⠿⣿⣿⠶⣤⣤⣀⡀       ⢹⡇   ⣴⠟⠁ ⣿⡀⢸⣿
+⣿⢀⣿⣟⠛⠋⠉⠁   ⢰⡟⠹⣧ ⠈⠉⠛⠻⠶⢦⣤⣀⡀ ⠈⣿ ⣠⡾⠃   ⢸⡇⢸⡇
+⣿⣾⣿⢿⡄      ⣿⠁ ⠘⣧       ⠉⠙⠛⠷⣿⣿⡋     ⠸⣇⣸⡇
+⣿⠃⣿⠈⢿⡄    ⣸⠇   ⠘⣧       ⢀⣤⠾⠋⠈⠻⣦⡀    ⣿⣿⡇
+⣿⢸⡏ ⠈⣷⡀  ⢠⡿     ⠘⣧⡀   ⣠⡴⠟⠁    ⠈⠻⣦⣀  ⢿⣿⠁
+⢻⣾⡇  ⠘⣷  ⣼⠃      ⠘⣷⣠⣴⠟⠋          ⠙⢷⣄⢸⣿
+ ⠻⣧⡀  ⠘⣧⣰⡏    ⢀⣠⣤⠶⠛⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿
+  ⠈⠛⠷⢦⣤⣽⣿⣥⣤⣶⣶⡿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁
diff --git a/lib/irb/source_finder.rb b/lib/irb/source_finder.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..659d4200fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/source_finder.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "ruby-lex"
+
+module IRB
+  class SourceFinder
+    Source = Struct.new(
+      :file,       # @param [String] - file name
+      :first_line, # @param [String] - first line
+      :last_line,  # @param [String] - last line
+      keyword_init: true,
+    )
+    private_constant :Source
+
+    def initialize(irb_context)
+      @irb_context = irb_context
+    end
+
+    def find_source(signature, super_level = 0)
+      context_binding = @irb_context.workspace.binding
+      case signature
+      when /\A[A-Z]\w*(::[A-Z]\w*)*\z/ # Const::Name
+        eval(signature, context_binding) # trigger autoload
+        base = context_binding.receiver.yield_self { |r| r.is_a?(Module) ? r : Object }
+        file, line = base.const_source_location(signature)
+      when /\A(?<owner>[A-Z]\w*(::[A-Z]\w*)*)#(?<method>[^ :.]+)\z/ # Class#method
+        owner = eval(Regexp.last_match[:owner], context_binding)
+        method = Regexp.last_match[:method]
+        return unless owner.respond_to?(:instance_method)
+        file, line = method_target(owner, super_level, method, "owner")
+      when /\A((?<receiver>.+)(\.|::))?(?<method>[^ :.]+)\z/ # method, receiver.method, receiver::method
+        receiver = eval(Regexp.last_match[:receiver] || 'self', context_binding)
+        method = Regexp.last_match[:method]
+        return unless receiver.respond_to?(method, true)
+        file, line = method_target(receiver, super_level, method, "receiver")
+      end
+      if file && line && File.exist?(file)
+        Source.new(file: file, first_line: line, last_line: find_end(file, line))
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def find_end(file, first_line)
+      lex = RubyLex.new
+      lines = File.read(file).lines[(first_line - 1)..-1]
+      tokens = RubyLex.ripper_lex_without_warning(lines.join)
+      prev_tokens = []
+
+      # chunk with line number
+      tokens.chunk { |tok| tok.pos[0] }.each do |lnum, chunk|
+        code = lines[0..lnum].join
+        prev_tokens.concat chunk
+        continue = lex.should_continue?(prev_tokens)
+        syntax = lex.check_code_syntax(code, local_variables: [])
+        if !continue && syntax == :valid
+          return first_line + lnum
+        end
+      end
+      first_line
+    end
+
+    def method_target(owner_receiver, super_level, method, type)
+      case type
+      when "owner"
+        target_method = owner_receiver.instance_method(method)
+      when "receiver"
+        target_method = owner_receiver.method(method)
+      end
+      super_level.times do |s|
+        target_method = target_method.super_method if target_method
+      end
+      target_method.nil? ? nil : target_method.source_location
+    rescue NameError
+      nil
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/src_encoding.rb b/lib/irb/src_encoding.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99aea2b43e..0000000000
--- a/lib/irb/src_encoding.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-# DO NOT WRITE ANY MAGIC COMMENT HERE.
-module IRB
-  def self.default_src_encoding
-    return __ENCODING__
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/irb/statement.rb b/lib/irb/statement.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b12110600c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/irb/statement.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module IRB
+  class Statement
+    attr_reader :code
+
+    def is_assignment?
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    def suppresses_echo?
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    def should_be_handled_by_debugger?
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    def evaluable_code
+      raise NotImplementedError
+    end
+
+    class Expression < Statement
+      def initialize(code, is_assignment)
+        @code = code
+        @is_assignment = is_assignment
+      end
+
+      def suppresses_echo?
+        @code.match?(/;\s*\z/)
+      end
+
+      def should_be_handled_by_debugger?
+        true
+      end
+
+      def is_assignment?
+        @is_assignment
+      end
+
+      def evaluable_code
+        @code
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Command < Statement
+      def initialize(code, command, arg, command_class)
+        @code = code
+        @command = command
+        @arg = arg
+        @command_class = command_class
+      end
+
+      def is_assignment?
+        false
+      end
+
+      def suppresses_echo?
+        false
+      end
+
+      def should_be_handled_by_debugger?
+        require_relative 'cmd/help'
+        require_relative 'cmd/debug'
+        IRB::ExtendCommand::DebugCommand > @command_class || IRB::ExtendCommand::Help == @command_class
+      end
+
+      def evaluable_code
+        # Hook command-specific transformation to return valid Ruby code
+        if @command_class.respond_to?(:transform_args)
+          arg = @command_class.transform_args(@arg)
+        else
+          arg = @arg
+        end
+
+        [@command, arg].compact.join(' ')
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/irb/version.rb b/lib/irb/version.rb
index 481d14ffd2..c0be6d91e5 100644
--- a/lib/irb/version.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/version.rb
@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/version.rb - irb version definition file
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ishitsuka.com)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 module IRB # :nodoc:
-  VERSION = "1.4.1"
+  VERSION = "1.11.0"
   @RELEASE_VERSION = VERSION
-  @LAST_UPDATE_DATE = "2021-12-25"
+  @LAST_UPDATE_DATE = "2023-12-19"
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/workspace.rb b/lib/irb/workspace.rb
index e5ef52528a..2bf3d5e0f1 100644
--- a/lib/irb/workspace.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/workspace.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/workspace-binding.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require "delegate"
 
@@ -114,8 +108,12 @@ EOF
     # <code>IRB.conf[:__MAIN__]</code>
     attr_reader :main
 
+    def load_commands_to_main
+      main.extend ExtendCommandBundle
+    end
+
     # Evaluate the given +statements+ within the  context of this workspace.
-    def evaluate(context, statements, file = __FILE__, line = __LINE__)
+    def evaluate(statements, file = __FILE__, line = __LINE__)
       eval(statements, @binding, file, line)
     end
 
@@ -128,6 +126,8 @@ EOF
     end
 
     # error message manipulator
+    # WARN: Rails patches this method to filter its own backtrace. Be cautious when changing it.
+    # See: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/main/railties/lib/rails/commands/console/console_command.rb#L8:~:text=def,filter_backtrace
     def filter_backtrace(bt)
       return nil if bt =~ /\/irb\/.*\.rb/
       return nil if bt =~ /\/irb\.rb/
@@ -142,11 +142,7 @@ EOF
     end
 
     def code_around_binding
-      if @binding.respond_to?(:source_location)
-        file, pos = @binding.source_location
-      else
-        file, pos = @binding.eval('[__FILE__, __LINE__]')
-      end
+      file, pos = @binding.source_location
 
       if defined?(::SCRIPT_LINES__[file]) && lines = ::SCRIPT_LINES__[file]
         code = ::SCRIPT_LINES__[file].join('')
@@ -173,8 +169,5 @@ EOF
 
       "\nFrom: #{file} @ line #{pos + 1} :\n\n#{body}#{Color.clear}\n"
     end
-
-    def IRB.delete_caller
-    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/irb/ws-for-case-2.rb b/lib/irb/ws-for-case-2.rb
index eb173fddca..a0f617e4ed 100644
--- a/lib/irb/ws-for-case-2.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/ws-for-case-2.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   irb/ws-for-case-2.rb -
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9.6$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ruby-lang.org)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 while true
   IRB::BINDING_QUEUE.push _ = binding
diff --git a/lib/irb/xmp.rb b/lib/irb/xmp.rb
index 88cbd88525..de29089429 100644
--- a/lib/irb/xmp.rb
+++ b/lib/irb/xmp.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 #
 #   xmp.rb - irb version of gotoken xmp
-#   	$Release Version: 0.9$
-#   	$Revision$
 #   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(Nippon Rational Inc.)
 #
-# --
-#
-#
-#
 
 require_relative "../irb"
 require_relative "frame"
@@ -50,8 +44,8 @@ class XMP
   # The top-level binding or, optional +bind+ parameter will be used when
   # creating the workspace. See WorkSpace.new for more information.
   #
-  # This uses the +:XMP+ prompt mode, see IRB@Customizing+the+IRB+Prompt for
-  # full detail.
+  # This uses the +:XMP+ prompt mode.
+  # See {Custom Prompts}[rdoc-ref:IRB@Custom+Prompts] for more information.
   def initialize(bind = nil)
     IRB.init_config(nil)
 
diff --git a/lib/logger.rb b/lib/logger.rb
index cbb0da676b..4099955ef2 100644
--- a/lib/logger.rb
+++ b/lib/logger.rb
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #
 # A simple system for logging messages.  See Logger for more documentation.
 
+require 'fiber'
 require 'monitor'
 require 'rbconfig'
 
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ require_relative 'logger/errors'
 #
 # - \Severity (one letter).
 # - Timestamp.
-# - Timezone.
+# - Process id.
 # - \Severity (word).
 # - Program name.
 # - Message.
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ require_relative 'logger/errors'
 # when the entry is created.
 #
 # The logged timestamp is formatted by method
-# {Time#strftime}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Time.html#method-i-strftime]
+# {Time#strftime}[rdoc-ref:Time#strftime]
 # using this format string:
 #
 #   '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%6N'
@@ -264,8 +265,7 @@ require_relative 'logger/errors'
 #   logger.error! # => 3
 #   logger.fatal! # => 4
 #
-# You can retrieve the log level with method
-# {level}[Logger.html#attribute-i-level]:
+# You can retrieve the log level with method #level.
 #
 #   logger.level = Logger::ERROR
 #   logger.level # => 3
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ require_relative 'logger/errors'
 # You can set a different format using create-time option
 # +shift_period_suffix+;
 # see details and suggestions at
-# {Time#strftime}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Time.html#method-i-strftime].
+# {Time#strftime}[rdoc-ref:Time#strftime].
 #
 class Logger
   _, name, rev = %w$Id$
@@ -380,7 +380,9 @@ class Logger
   include Severity
 
   # Logging severity threshold (e.g. <tt>Logger::INFO</tt>).
-  attr_reader :level
+  def level
+    @level_override[Fiber.current] || @level
+  end
 
   # Sets the log level; returns +severity+.
   # See {Log Level}[rdoc-ref:Logger@Log+Level].
@@ -395,24 +397,23 @@ class Logger
   # Logger#sev_threshold= is an alias for Logger#level=.
   #
   def level=(severity)
-    if severity.is_a?(Integer)
-      @level = severity
-    else
-      case severity.to_s.downcase
-      when 'debug'
-        @level = DEBUG
-      when 'info'
-        @level = INFO
-      when 'warn'
-        @level = WARN
-      when 'error'
-        @level = ERROR
-      when 'fatal'
-        @level = FATAL
-      when 'unknown'
-        @level = UNKNOWN
+    @level = Severity.coerce(severity)
+  end
+
+  # Adjust the log level during the block execution for the current Fiber only
+  #
+  #   logger.with_level(:debug) do
+  #     logger.debug { "Hello" }
+  #   end
+  def with_level(severity)
+    prev, @level_override[Fiber.current] = level, Severity.coerce(severity)
+    begin
+      yield
+    ensure
+      if prev
+        @level_override[Fiber.current] = prev
       else
-        raise ArgumentError, "invalid log level: #{severity}"
+        @level_override.delete(Fiber.current)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -425,7 +426,7 @@ class Logger
   # Argument +datetime_format+ should be either of these:
   #
   # - A string suitable for use as a format for method
-  #   {Time#strftime}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Time.html#method-i-strftime].
+  #   {Time#strftime}[rdoc-ref:Time#strftime].
   # - +nil+: the logger uses <tt>'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%6N'</tt>.
   #
   def datetime_format=(datetime_format)
@@ -453,7 +454,7 @@ class Logger
   # The proc should return a string containing the formatted entry.
   #
   # This custom formatter uses
-  # {String#dump}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/String.html#method-i-dump]
+  # {String#dump}[rdoc-ref:String#dump]
   # to escape the message string:
   #
   #   logger = Logger.new($stdout, progname: 'mung')
@@ -583,6 +584,7 @@ class Logger
     self.datetime_format = datetime_format
     self.formatter = formatter
     @logdev = nil
+    @level_override = {}
     if logdev && logdev != File::NULL
       @logdev = LogDevice.new(logdev, shift_age: shift_age,
         shift_size: shift_size,
diff --git a/lib/logger/formatter.rb b/lib/logger/formatter.rb
index 34e07bc57f..c634dbf34d 100644
--- a/lib/logger/formatter.rb
+++ b/lib/logger/formatter.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 class Logger
   # Default formatter for log messages.
   class Formatter
-    Format = "%s, [%s #%d] %5s -- %s: %s\n"
+    Format = "%.1s, [%s #%d] %5s -- %s: %s\n"
     DatetimeFormat = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%6N"
 
     attr_accessor :datetime_format
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ class Logger
     end
 
     def call(severity, time, progname, msg)
-      Format % [severity[0, 1], format_datetime(time), Process.pid, severity, progname,
-        msg2str(msg)]
+      sprintf(Format, severity, format_datetime(time), Process.pid, severity, progname, msg2str(msg))
     end
 
   private
diff --git a/lib/logger/log_device.rb b/lib/logger/log_device.rb
index 8683328a5e..84277a2656 100644
--- a/lib/logger/log_device.rb
+++ b/lib/logger/log_device.rb
@@ -79,8 +79,10 @@ class Logger
     def set_dev(log)
       if log.respond_to?(:write) and log.respond_to?(:close)
         @dev = log
-        if log.respond_to?(:path)
-          @filename = log.path
+        if log.respond_to?(:path) and path = log.path
+          if File.exist?(path)
+            @filename = path
+          end
         end
       else
         @dev = open_logfile(log)
diff --git a/lib/logger/logger.gemspec b/lib/logger/logger.gemspec
index ccd4e70db7..5e8232e4ab 100644
--- a/lib/logger/logger.gemspec
+++ b/lib/logger/logger.gemspec
@@ -18,10 +18,5 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.files         = Dir.glob("lib/**/*.rb") + ["logger.gemspec"]
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
-  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.3.0"
-
-  spec.add_development_dependency "bundler", ">= 0"
-  spec.add_development_dependency "rake", ">= 12.3.3"
-  spec.add_development_dependency "test-unit"
-  spec.add_development_dependency "rdoc"
+  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5.0"
 end
diff --git a/lib/logger/severity.rb b/lib/logger/severity.rb
index b38afb7d22..e96fb0d320 100644
--- a/lib/logger/severity.rb
+++ b/lib/logger/severity.rb
@@ -15,5 +15,24 @@ class Logger
     FATAL = 4
     # An unknown message that should always be logged.
     UNKNOWN = 5
+
+    LEVELS = {
+      "debug" => DEBUG,
+      "info" => INFO,
+      "warn" => WARN,
+      "error" => ERROR,
+      "fatal" => FATAL,
+      "unknown" => UNKNOWN,
+    }
+    private_constant :LEVELS
+
+    def self.coerce(severity)
+      if severity.is_a?(Integer)
+        severity
+      else
+        key = severity.to_s.downcase
+        LEVELS[key] || raise(ArgumentError, "invalid log level: #{severity}")
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/logger/version.rb b/lib/logger/version.rb
index ba845a9304..202b6e4fba 100644
--- a/lib/logger/version.rb
+++ b/lib/logger/version.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class Logger
-  VERSION = "1.5.1"
+  VERSION = "1.6.0"
 end
diff --git a/lib/mkmf.rb b/lib/mkmf.rb
index efe3419fd7..6da7dde5f1 100644
--- a/lib/mkmf.rb
+++ b/lib/mkmf.rb
@@ -89,26 +89,16 @@ module MakeMakefile
 
   unless defined? $configure_args
     $configure_args = {}
-    args = CONFIG["configure_args"]
-    if ENV["CONFIGURE_ARGS"]
-      args << " " << ENV["CONFIGURE_ARGS"]
+    args = CONFIG["configure_args"].shellsplit
+    if arg = ENV["CONFIGURE_ARGS"]
+      args.push(*arg.shellsplit)
     end
-    for arg in Shellwords::shellwords(args)
+    args.delete_if {|a| /\A--(?:top(?:src)?|src|cur)dir(?=\z|=)/ =~ a}
+    for arg in args.concat(ARGV)
       arg, val = arg.split('=', 2)
       next unless arg
       arg.tr!('_', '-')
-      if arg.sub!(/^(?!--)/, '--')
-        val or next
-        arg.downcase!
-      end
-      next if /^--(?:top|topsrc|src|cur)dir$/ =~ arg
-      $configure_args[arg] = val || true
-    end
-    for arg in ARGV
-      arg, val = arg.split('=', 2)
-      next unless arg
-      arg.tr!('_', '-')
-      if arg.sub!(/^(?!--)/, '--')
+      if arg.sub!(/\A(?!--)/, '--')
         val or next
         arg.downcase!
       end
@@ -981,7 +971,11 @@ SRC
   # Internal use only.
   #
   def checking_for(m, fmt = nil)
-    f = caller[0][/in `([^<].*)'$/, 1] and f << ": " #` for vim #'
+    if f = caller_locations(1, 1).first.base_label and /\A\w/ =~ f
+      f += ": "
+    else
+      f = ""
+    end
     m = "checking #{/\Acheck/ =~ f ? '' : 'for '}#{m}... "
     message "%s", m
     a = r = nil
@@ -1762,7 +1756,7 @@ SRC
     hdr << "#endif\n"
     hdr = hdr.join("")
     log_src(hdr, "#{header} is")
-    unless (IO.read(header) == hdr rescue false)
+    unless (File.read(header) == hdr rescue false)
       File.open(header, "wb") do |hfile|
         hfile.write(hdr)
       end
@@ -1798,7 +1792,8 @@ SRC
   # application.
   #
   def dir_config(target, idefault=nil, ldefault=nil)
-    if conf = $config_dirs[target]
+    key = [target, idefault, ldefault].compact.join("\0")
+    if conf = $config_dirs[key]
       return conf
     end
 
@@ -1808,9 +1803,13 @@ SRC
     end
 
     idir = with_config(target + "-include", idefault)
-    $arg_config.last[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/include"
+    if conf = $arg_config.assoc("--with-#{target}-include")
+      conf[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/include"
+    end
     ldir = with_config(target + "-lib", ldefault)
-    $arg_config.last[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/#{_libdir_basename}"
+    if conf = $arg_config.assoc("--with-#{target}-lib")
+      conf[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/#{_libdir_basename}"
+    end
 
     idirs = idir ? Array === idir ? idir.dup : idir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) : []
     if defaults
@@ -1832,7 +1831,7 @@ SRC
     end
     $LIBPATH = ldirs | $LIBPATH
 
-    $config_dirs[target] = [idir, ldir]
+    $config_dirs[key] = [idir, ldir]
   end
 
   # Returns compile/link information about an installed library in a tuple of <code>[cflags,
@@ -1855,66 +1854,73 @@ SRC
   # invoked with the options and a stripped output string is returned without
   # modifying any of the global values mentioned above.
   def pkg_config(pkg, *options)
-    _, ldir = dir_config(pkg)
-    if ldir
-      pkg_config_path = "#{ldir}/pkgconfig"
-      if File.directory?(pkg_config_path)
-        Logging.message("PKG_CONFIG_PATH = %s\n", pkg_config_path)
-        envs = ["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"=>[pkg_config_path, ENV["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"]].compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)]
-      end
+    fmt = "not found"
+    def fmt.%(x)
+      x ? x.inspect : self
     end
-    if pkgconfig = with_config("#{pkg}-config") and find_executable0(pkgconfig)
+
+    checking_for "pkg-config for #{pkg}", fmt do
+      _, ldir = dir_config(pkg)
+      if ldir
+        pkg_config_path = "#{ldir}/pkgconfig"
+        if File.directory?(pkg_config_path)
+          Logging.message("PKG_CONFIG_PATH = %s\n", pkg_config_path)
+          envs = ["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"=>[pkg_config_path, ENV["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"]].compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)]
+        end
+      end
+      if pkgconfig = with_config("#{pkg}-config") and find_executable0(pkgconfig)
       # if and only if package specific config command is given
-    elsif ($PKGCONFIG ||=
-           (pkgconfig = with_config("pkg-config", ("pkg-config" unless CROSS_COMPILING))) &&
-           find_executable0(pkgconfig) && pkgconfig) and
-        xsystem([*envs, $PKGCONFIG, "--exists", pkg])
-      # default to pkg-config command
-      pkgconfig = $PKGCONFIG
-      args = [pkg]
-    elsif find_executable0(pkgconfig = "#{pkg}-config")
+      elsif ($PKGCONFIG ||=
+             (pkgconfig = with_config("pkg-config") {config_string("PKG_CONFIG") || "pkg-config"}) &&
+             find_executable0(pkgconfig) && pkgconfig) and
+           xsystem([*envs, $PKGCONFIG, "--exists", pkg])
+        # default to pkg-config command
+        pkgconfig = $PKGCONFIG
+        args = [pkg]
+      elsif find_executable0(pkgconfig = "#{pkg}-config")
       # default to package specific config command, as a last resort.
-    else
-      pkgconfig = nil
-    end
-    if pkgconfig
-      get = proc {|opts|
-        opts = Array(opts).map { |o| "--#{o}" }
-        opts = xpopen([*envs, pkgconfig, *opts, *args], err:[:child, :out], &:read)
-        Logging.open {puts opts.each_line.map{|s|"=> #{s.inspect}"}}
-        opts.strip if $?.success?
-      }
-    end
-    orig_ldflags = $LDFLAGS
-    if get and !options.empty?
-      get[options]
-    elsif get and try_ldflags(ldflags = get['libs'])
-      if incflags = get['cflags-only-I']
-        $INCFLAGS << " " << incflags
-        cflags = get['cflags-only-other']
       else
-        cflags = get['cflags']
-      end
-      libs = get['libs-only-l']
-      if cflags
-        $CFLAGS += " " << cflags
-        $CXXFLAGS += " " << cflags
+        pkgconfig = nil
+      end
+      if pkgconfig
+        get = proc {|opts|
+          opts = Array(opts).map { |o| "--#{o}" }
+          opts = xpopen([*envs, pkgconfig, *opts, *args], err:[:child, :out], &:read)
+          Logging.open {puts opts.each_line.map{|s|"=> #{s.inspect}"}}
+          opts.strip if $?.success?
+        }
       end
-      if libs
-        ldflags = (Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags) - Shellwords.shellwords(libs)).quote.join(" ")
+      orig_ldflags = $LDFLAGS
+      if get and !options.empty?
+        get[options]
+      elsif get and try_ldflags(ldflags = get['libs'])
+        if incflags = get['cflags-only-I']
+          $INCFLAGS << " " << incflags
+          cflags = get['cflags-only-other']
+        else
+          cflags = get['cflags']
+        end
+        libs = get['libs-only-l']
+        if cflags
+          $CFLAGS += " " << cflags
+          $CXXFLAGS += " " << cflags
+        end
+        if libs
+          ldflags = (Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags) - Shellwords.shellwords(libs)).quote.join(" ")
+        else
+          libs, ldflags = Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags).partition {|s| s =~ /-l([^ ]+)/ }.map {|l|l.quote.join(" ")}
+        end
+        $libs += " " << libs
+
+        $LDFLAGS = [orig_ldflags, ldflags].join(' ')
+        Logging::message "package configuration for %s\n", pkg
+        Logging::message "incflags: %s\ncflags: %s\nldflags: %s\nlibs: %s\n\n",
+                         incflags, cflags, ldflags, libs
+        [[incflags, cflags].join(' '), ldflags, libs]
       else
-        libs, ldflags = Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags).partition {|s| s =~ /-l([^ ]+)/ }.map {|l|l.quote.join(" ")}
+        Logging::message "package configuration for %s is not found\n", pkg
+        nil
       end
-      $libs += " " << libs
-
-      $LDFLAGS = [orig_ldflags, ldflags].join(' ')
-      Logging::message "package configuration for %s\n", pkg
-      Logging::message "incflags: %s\ncflags: %s\nldflags: %s\nlibs: %s\n\n",
-                       incflags, cflags, ldflags, libs
-      [[incflags, cflags].join(' '), ldflags, libs]
-    else
-      Logging::message "package configuration for %s is not found\n", pkg
-      nil
     end
   end
 
@@ -1964,14 +1970,14 @@ SRC
 
   def configuration(srcdir)
     mk = []
-    CONFIG['MKMF_VERBOSE'] ||= "0"
+    verbose = with_config('verbose') ?  "1" : (CONFIG['MKMF_VERBOSE'] || "0")
     vpath = $VPATH.dup
     CONFIG["hdrdir"] ||= $hdrdir
     mk << %{
 SHELL = /bin/sh
 
 # V=0 quiet, V=1 verbose.  other values don't work.
-V = #{CONFIG['MKMF_VERBOSE']}
+V = #{verbose}
 V0 = $(V:0=)
 Q1 = $(V:1=)
 Q = $(Q1:0=@)
@@ -2378,11 +2384,19 @@ TIMESTAMP_DIR = #{$extout && $extmk ? '$(extout)/.timestamp' : '.'}
     install_dirs.each {|d| conf << ("%-14s= %s\n" % d) if /^[[:upper:]]/ =~ d[0]}
     sodir = $extout ? '$(TARGET_SO_DIR)' : '$(RUBYARCHDIR)'
     n = '$(TARGET_SO_DIR)$(TARGET)'
+    cleanobjs = ["$(OBJS)"]
+    if $extmk
+      %w[bc i s].each {|ex| cleanobjs << "$(OBJS:.#{$OBJEXT}=.#{ex})"}
+    end
+    if target
+      config_string('cleanobjs') {|t| cleanobjs << t.gsub(/\$\*/, "$(TARGET)#{deffile ? '-$(arch)': ''}")}
+    end
     conf << "\
 TARGET_SO_DIR =#{$extout ? " $(RUBYARCHDIR)/" : ''}
 TARGET_SO     = $(TARGET_SO_DIR)$(DLLIB)
 CLEANLIBS     = #{'$(TARGET_SO) ' if target}#{config_string('cleanlibs') {|t| t.gsub(/\$\*/) {n}}}
-CLEANOBJS     = *.#{$OBJEXT} #{config_string('cleanobjs') {|t| t.gsub(/\$\*/, "$(TARGET)#{deffile ? '-$(arch)': ''}")} if target} *.bak
+CLEANOBJS     = #{cleanobjs.join(' ')} *.bak
+TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP = #{timestamp_file(sodir, target_prefix)}
 " #"
 
     conf = yield(conf) if block_given?
@@ -2416,7 +2430,7 @@ static: #{$extmk && !$static ? "all" : "$(STATIC_LIB)#{$extout ? " install-rb" :
     if target
       f = "$(DLLIB)"
       dest = "$(TARGET_SO)"
-      stamp = timestamp_file(dir, target_prefix)
+      stamp = '$(TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP)'
       if $extout
         mfile.puts dest
         mfile.print "clean-so::\n"
@@ -2485,7 +2499,9 @@ static: #{$extmk && !$static ? "all" : "$(STATIC_LIB)#{$extout ? " install-rb" :
         end
       end
     end
-    dirs.unshift(sodir) if target and !dirs.include?(sodir)
+    if target and !dirs.include?(sodir)
+      mfile.print "$(TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP):\n\t$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D) #{sodir}\n\t$(Q) $(TOUCH) $@\n"
+    end
     dirs.each do |d|
       t = timestamp_file(d, target_prefix)
       mfile.print "#{t}:\n\t$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D) #{d}\n\t$(Q) $(TOUCH) $@\n"
@@ -2529,7 +2545,7 @@ site-install-rb: install-rb
     mfile.print "$(TARGET_SO): "
     mfile.print "$(DEFFILE) " if makedef
     mfile.print "$(OBJS) Makefile"
-    mfile.print " #{timestamp_file(sodir, target_prefix)}" if $extout
+    mfile.print " $(TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP)" if $extout
     mfile.print "\n"
     mfile.print "\t$(ECHO) linking shared-object #{target_prefix.sub(/\A\/(.*)/, '\1/')}$(DLLIB)\n"
     mfile.print "\t-$(Q)$(RM) $(@#{sep})\n"
@@ -2599,6 +2615,7 @@ site-install-rb: install-rb
     $INCFLAGS << " -I$(hdrdir)/ruby/backward" unless $extmk
     $INCFLAGS << " -I$(hdrdir) -I$(srcdir)"
     $DLDFLAGS = with_config("dldflags", arg_config("DLDFLAGS", config["DLDFLAGS"])).dup
+    config_string("ADDITIONAL_DLDFLAGS") {|flags| $DLDFLAGS << " " << flags} unless $extmk
     $LIBEXT = config['LIBEXT'].dup
     $OBJEXT = config["OBJEXT"].dup
     $EXEEXT = config["EXEEXT"].dup
@@ -2687,7 +2704,7 @@ MESSAGE
   when $mswin
     $nmake = ?m if /nmake/i =~ make
   end
-  $ignore_error = $nmake ? '' : ' 2> /dev/null || true'
+  $ignore_error = " 2> #{File::NULL} || #{$mswin ? 'exit /b0' : 'true'}"
 
   RbConfig::CONFIG["srcdir"] = CONFIG["srcdir"] =
     $srcdir = arg_config("--srcdir", File.dirname($0))
diff --git a/lib/mutex_m.gemspec b/lib/mutex_m.gemspec
index f614dcd9a0..ebbda2606c 100644
--- a/lib/mutex_m.gemspec
+++ b/lib/mutex_m.gemspec
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.bindir        = "exe"
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+  spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 2.5'
 
   spec.add_development_dependency "bundler"
   spec.add_development_dependency "rake"
diff --git a/lib/mutex_m.rb b/lib/mutex_m.rb
index abd0fc6add..7e55181881 100644
--- a/lib/mutex_m.rb
+++ b/lib/mutex_m.rb
@@ -40,17 +40,15 @@
 #
 module Mutex_m
 
-  VERSION = "0.1.1"
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
   Ractor.make_shareable(VERSION) if defined?(Ractor)
 
   def Mutex_m.define_aliases(cl) # :nodoc:
-    cl.module_eval %q{
-      alias locked? mu_locked?
-      alias lock mu_lock
-      alias unlock mu_unlock
-      alias try_lock mu_try_lock
-      alias synchronize mu_synchronize
-    }
+    cl.alias_method(:locked?, :mu_locked?)
+    cl.alias_method(:lock, :mu_lock)
+    cl.alias_method(:unlock, :mu_unlock)
+    cl.alias_method(:try_lock, :mu_try_lock)
+    cl.alias_method(:synchronize, :mu_synchronize)
   end
 
   def Mutex_m.append_features(cl) # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/net/http.rb b/lib/net/http.rb
index a583441253..387df4b8f4 100644
--- a/lib/net/http.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 #
 # = net/http.rb
 #
@@ -32,373 +32,697 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
   class HTTPHeaderSyntaxError < StandardError; end
   # :startdoc:
 
-  # == An HTTP client API for Ruby.
+  # \Class \Net::HTTP provides a rich library that implements the client
+  # in a client-server model that uses the \HTTP request-response protocol.
+  # For information about \HTTP, see:
+  #
+  # - {Hypertext Transfer Protocol}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol].
+  # - {Technical overview}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Technical_overview].
+  #
+  # == About the Examples
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+  #
+  # == Strategies
+  #
+  # - If you will make only a few GET requests,
+  #   consider using {OpenURI}[rdoc-ref:OpenURI].
+  # - If you will make only a few requests of all kinds,
+  #   consider using the various singleton convenience methods in this class.
+  #   Each of the following methods automatically starts and finishes
+  #   a {session}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Sessions] that sends a single request:
+  #
+  #     # Return string response body.
+  #     Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)
+  #     Net::HTTP.get(uri)
+  #
+  #     # Write string response body to $stdout.
+  #     Net::HTTP.get_print(hostname, path)
+  #     Net::HTTP.get_print(uri)
+  #
+  #     # Return response as Net::HTTPResponse object.
+  #     Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, path)
+  #     Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
+  #     data = '{"title": "foo", "body": "bar", "userId": 1}'
+  #     Net::HTTP.post(uri, data)
+  #     params = {title: 'foo', body: 'bar', userId: 1}
+  #     Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, params)
+  #
+  # - If performance is important, consider using sessions, which lower request overhead.
+  #   This {session}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Sessions] has multiple requests for
+  #   {HTTP methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Request_methods]
+  #   and {WebDAV methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAV#Implementation]:
+  #
+  #     Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #       # Session started automatically before block execution.
+  #       http.get(path)
+  #       http.head(path)
+  #       body = 'Some text'
+  #       http.post(path, body)  # Can also have a block.
+  #       http.put(path, body)
+  #       http.delete(path)
+  #       http.options(path)
+  #       http.trace(path)
+  #       http.patch(path, body) # Can also have a block.
+  #       http.copy(path)
+  #       http.lock(path, body)
+  #       http.mkcol(path, body)
+  #       http.move(path)
+  #       http.propfind(path, body)
+  #       http.proppatch(path, body)
+  #       http.unlock(path, body)
+  #       # Session finished automatically at block exit.
+  #     end
   #
-  # Net::HTTP provides a rich library which can be used to build HTTP
-  # user-agents.  For more details about HTTP see
-  # [RFC2616](http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt).
+  # The methods cited above are convenience methods that, via their few arguments,
+  # allow minimal control over the requests.
+  # For greater control, consider using {request objects}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest].
   #
-  # Net::HTTP is designed to work closely with URI.  URI::HTTP#host,
-  # URI::HTTP#port and URI::HTTP#request_uri are designed to work with
-  # Net::HTTP.
+  # == URIs
   #
-  # If you are only performing a few GET requests you should try OpenURI.
+  # On the internet, a URI
+  # ({Universal Resource Identifier}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier])
+  # is a string that identifies a particular resource.
+  # It consists of some or all of: scheme, hostname, path, query, and fragment;
+  # see {URI syntax}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier#Syntax].
   #
-  # == Simple Examples
+  # A Ruby {URI::Generic}[rdoc-ref:URI::Generic] object
+  # represents an internet URI.
+  # It provides, among others, methods
+  # +scheme+, +hostname+, +path+, +query+, and +fragment+.
   #
-  # All examples assume you have loaded Net::HTTP with:
+  # === Schemes
   #
-  #   require 'net/http'
+  # An internet \URI has
+  # a {scheme}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_URI_schemes].
   #
-  # This will also require 'uri' so you don't need to require it separately.
+  # The two schemes supported in \Net::HTTP are <tt>'https'</tt> and <tt>'http'</tt>:
   #
-  # The Net::HTTP methods in the following section do not persist
-  # connections.  They are not recommended if you are performing many HTTP
-  # requests.
+  #   uri.scheme                       # => "https"
+  #   URI('http://example.com').scheme # => "http"
   #
-  # === GET
+  # === Hostnames
   #
-  #   Net::HTTP.get('example.com', '/index.html') # => String
+  # A hostname identifies a server (host) to which requests may be sent:
   #
-  # === GET by URI
+  #   hostname = uri.hostname # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+  #   Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     # Some HTTP stuff.
+  #   end
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/index.html?count=10')
-  #   Net::HTTP.get(uri) # => String
+  # === Paths
   #
-  # === GET with Dynamic Parameters
+  # A host-specific path identifies a resource on the host:
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/index.html')
-  #   params = { :limit => 10, :page => 3 }
-  #   uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   _uri.path = '/todos/1'
+  #   hostname = _uri.hostname
+  #   path = _uri.path
+  #   Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)
   #
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
-  #   puts res.body if res.is_a?(Net::HTTPSuccess)
+  # === Queries
   #
-  # === POST
+  # A host-specific query adds name/value pairs to the URI:
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://www.example.com/search.cgi')
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, 'q' => 'ruby', 'max' => '50')
-  #   puts res.body
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   params = {userId: 1, completed: false}
+  #   _uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
+  #   _uri # => #<URI::HTTPS https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com?userId=1&completed=false>
+  #   Net::HTTP.get(_uri)
   #
-  # === POST with Multiple Values
+  # === Fragments
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://www.example.com/search.cgi')
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, 'q' => ['ruby', 'perl'], 'max' => '50')
-  #   puts res.body
+  # A {URI fragment}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URI_fragment] has no effect
+  # in \Net::HTTP;
+  # the same data is returned, regardless of whether a fragment is included.
   #
-  # == How to use Net::HTTP
+  # == Request Headers
   #
-  # The following example code can be used as the basis of an HTTP user-agent
-  # which can perform a variety of request types using persistent
-  # connections.
+  # Request headers may be used to pass additional information to the host,
+  # similar to arguments passed in a method call;
+  # each header is a name/value pair.
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/some_path?query=string')
+  # Each of the \Net::HTTP methods that sends a request to the host
+  # has optional argument +headers+,
+  # where the headers are expressed as a hash of field-name/value pairs:
   #
-  #   Net::HTTP.start(uri.host, uri.port) do |http|
-  #     request = Net::HTTP::Get.new uri
+  #   headers = {Accept: 'application/json', Connection: 'Keep-Alive'}
+  #   Net::HTTP.get(uri, headers)
   #
-  #     response = http.request request # Net::HTTPResponse object
-  #   end
+  # See lists of both standard request fields and common request fields at
+  # {Request Fields}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Request_fields].
+  # A host may also accept other custom fields.
   #
-  # Net::HTTP::start immediately creates a connection to an HTTP server which
-  # is kept open for the duration of the block.  The connection will remain
-  # open for multiple requests in the block if the server indicates it
-  # supports persistent connections.
+  # == \HTTP Sessions
   #
-  # If you wish to re-use a connection across multiple HTTP requests without
-  # automatically closing it you can use ::new and then call #start and
-  # #finish manually.
+  # A _session_ is a connection between a server (host) and a client that:
   #
-  # The request types Net::HTTP supports are listed below in the section "HTTP
-  # Request Classes".
+  # - Is begun by instance method Net::HTTP#start.
+  # - May contain any number of requests.
+  # - Is ended by instance method Net::HTTP#finish.
   #
-  # For all the Net::HTTP request objects and shortcut request methods you may
-  # supply either a String for the request path or a URI from which Net::HTTP
-  # will extract the request path.
+  # See example sessions at {Strategies}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Strategies].
   #
-  # === Response Data
+  # === Session Using \Net::HTTP.start
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/index.html')
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
+  # If you have many requests to make to a single host (and port),
+  # consider using singleton method Net::HTTP.start with a block;
+  # the method handles the session automatically by:
   #
-  #   # Headers
-  #   res['Set-Cookie']            # => String
-  #   res.get_fields('set-cookie') # => Array
-  #   res.to_hash['set-cookie']    # => Array
-  #   puts "Headers: #{res.to_hash.inspect}"
+  # - Calling #start before block execution.
+  # - Executing the block.
+  # - Calling #finish after block execution.
   #
-  #   # Status
-  #   puts res.code       # => '200'
-  #   puts res.message    # => 'OK'
-  #   puts res.class.name # => 'HTTPOK'
+  # In the block, you can use these instance methods,
+  # each of which that sends a single request:
   #
-  #   # Body
-  #   puts res.body
+  # - {HTTP methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Request_methods]:
   #
-  # === Following Redirection
+  #   - #get, #request_get: GET.
+  #   - #head, #request_head: HEAD.
+  #   - #post, #request_post: POST.
+  #   - #delete: DELETE.
+  #   - #options: OPTIONS.
+  #   - #trace: TRACE.
+  #   - #patch: PATCH.
   #
-  # Each Net::HTTPResponse object belongs to a class for its response code.
+  # - {WebDAV methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAV#Implementation]:
   #
-  # For example, all 2XX responses are instances of a Net::HTTPSuccess
-  # subclass, a 3XX response is an instance of a Net::HTTPRedirection
-  # subclass and a 200 response is an instance of the Net::HTTPOK class.  For
-  # details of response classes, see the section "HTTP Response Classes"
-  # below.
+  #   - #copy: COPY.
+  #   - #lock: LOCK.
+  #   - #mkcol: MKCOL.
+  #   - #move: MOVE.
+  #   - #propfind: PROPFIND.
+  #   - #proppatch: PROPPATCH.
+  #   - #unlock: UNLOCK.
   #
-  # Using a case statement you can handle various types of responses properly:
+  # === Session Using \Net::HTTP.start and \Net::HTTP.finish
   #
-  #   def fetch(uri_str, limit = 10)
-  #     # You should choose a better exception.
-  #     raise ArgumentError, 'too many HTTP redirects' if limit == 0
+  # You can manage a session manually using methods #start and #finish:
   #
-  #     response = Net::HTTP.get_response(URI(uri_str))
+  #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   http.start
+  #   http.get('/todos/1')
+  #   http.get('/todos/2')
+  #   http.delete('/posts/1')
+  #   http.finish # Needed to free resources.
   #
-  #     case response
-  #     when Net::HTTPSuccess then
-  #       response
-  #     when Net::HTTPRedirection then
-  #       location = response['location']
-  #       warn "redirected to #{location}"
-  #       fetch(location, limit - 1)
-  #     else
-  #       response.value
-  #     end
-  #   end
+  # === Single-Request Session
   #
-  #   print fetch('http://www.ruby-lang.org')
+  # Certain convenience methods automatically handle a session by:
   #
-  # === POST
+  # - Creating an \HTTP object
+  # - Starting a session.
+  # - Sending a single request.
+  # - Finishing the session.
+  # - Destroying the object.
   #
-  # A POST can be made using the Net::HTTP::Post request class.  This example
-  # creates a URL encoded POST body:
+  # Such methods that send GET requests:
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://www.example.com/todo.cgi')
-  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
-  #   req.set_form_data('from' => '2005-01-01', 'to' => '2005-03-31')
+  # - ::get: Returns the string response body.
+  # - ::get_print: Writes the string response body to $stdout.
+  # - ::get_response: Returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
   #
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port) do |http|
-  #     http.request(req)
-  #   end
+  # Such methods that send POST requests:
   #
-  #   case res
-  #   when Net::HTTPSuccess, Net::HTTPRedirection
-  #     # OK
-  #   else
-  #     res.value
-  #   end
+  # - ::post: Posts data to the host.
+  # - ::post_form: Posts form data to the host.
   #
-  # To send multipart/form-data use Net::HTTPHeader#set_form:
+  # == \HTTP Requests and Responses
   #
-  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
-  #   req.set_form([['upload', File.open('foo.bar')]], 'multipart/form-data')
+  # Many of the methods above are convenience methods,
+  # each of which sends a request and returns a string
+  # without directly using \Net::HTTPRequest and \Net::HTTPResponse objects.
   #
-  # Other requests that can contain a body such as PUT can be created in the
-  # same way using the corresponding request class (Net::HTTP::Put).
+  # You can, however, directly create a request object, send the request,
+  # and retrieve the response object; see:
   #
-  # === Setting Headers
+  # - Net::HTTPRequest.
+  # - Net::HTTPResponse.
   #
-  # The following example performs a conditional GET using the
-  # If-Modified-Since header.  If the files has not been modified since the
-  # time in the header a Not Modified response will be returned.  See RFC 2616
-  # section 9.3 for further details.
+  # == Following Redirection
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/cached_response')
-  #   file = File.stat 'cached_response'
+  # Each returned response is an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+  # See the {response class hierarchy}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPResponse@Response+Subclasses].
   #
-  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
-  #   req['If-Modified-Since'] = file.mtime.rfc2822
+  # In particular, class Net::HTTPRedirection is the parent
+  # of all redirection classes.
+  # This allows you to craft a case statement to handle redirections properly:
   #
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port) {|http|
-  #     http.request(req)
-  #   }
+  #   def fetch(uri, limit = 10)
+  #     # You should choose a better exception.
+  #     raise ArgumentError, 'Too many HTTP redirects' if limit == 0
+  #
+  #     res = Net::HTTP.get_response(URI(uri))
+  #     case res
+  #     when Net::HTTPSuccess     # Any success class.
+  #       res
+  #     when Net::HTTPRedirection # Any redirection class.
+  #       location = res['Location']
+  #       warn "Redirected to #{location}"
+  #       fetch(location, limit - 1)
+  #     else                      # Any other class.
+  #       res.value
+  #     end
+  #   end
   #
-  #   open 'cached_response', 'w' do |io|
-  #     io.write res.body
-  #   end if res.is_a?(Net::HTTPSuccess)
+  #   fetch(uri)
   #
-  # === Basic Authentication
+  # == Basic Authentication
   #
   # Basic authentication is performed according to
-  # [RFC2617](http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617.txt).
-  #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/index.html?key=value')
+  # {RFC2617}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617.txt]:
   #
   #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
-  #   req.basic_auth 'user', 'pass'
-  #
-  #   res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port) {|http|
+  #   req.basic_auth('user', 'pass')
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
   #     http.request(req)
-  #   }
-  #   puts res.body
+  #   end
   #
-  # === Streaming Response Bodies
+  # == Streaming Response Bodies
   #
-  # By default Net::HTTP reads an entire response into memory.  If you are
+  # By default \Net::HTTP reads an entire response into memory.  If you are
   # handling large files or wish to implement a progress bar you can instead
   # stream the body directly to an IO.
   #
-  #   uri = URI('http://example.com/large_file')
-  #
-  #   Net::HTTP.start(uri.host, uri.port) do |http|
-  #     request = Net::HTTP::Get.new uri
-  #
-  #     http.request request do |response|
-  #       open 'large_file', 'w' do |io|
-  #         response.read_body do |chunk|
-  #           io.write chunk
+  #   Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #     http.request(req) do |res|
+  #       open('t.tmp', 'w') do |f|
+  #         res.read_body do |chunk|
+  #           f.write chunk
   #         end
   #       end
   #     end
   #   end
   #
-  # === HTTPS
-  #
-  # HTTPS is enabled for an HTTP connection by Net::HTTP#use_ssl=.
+  # == HTTPS
   #
-  #   uri = URI('https://secure.example.com/some_path?query=string')
+  # HTTPS is enabled for an \HTTP connection by Net::HTTP#use_ssl=:
   #
-  #   Net::HTTP.start(uri.host, uri.port, :use_ssl => true) do |http|
-  #     request = Net::HTTP::Get.new uri
-  #     response = http.request request # Net::HTTPResponse object
+  #   Net::HTTP.start(hostname, :use_ssl => true) do |http|
+  #     req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #     res = http.request(req)
   #   end
   #
-  # Or if you simply want to make a GET request, you may pass in an URI
-  # object that has an HTTPS URL. Net::HTTP automatically turns on TLS
-  # verification if the URI object has a 'https' URI scheme.
+  # Or if you simply want to make a GET request, you may pass in a URI
+  # object that has an \HTTPS URL. \Net::HTTP automatically turns on TLS
+  # verification if the URI object has a 'https' URI scheme:
+  #
+  #   uri # => #<URI::HTTPS https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/>
+  #   Net::HTTP.get(uri)
+  #
+  # == Proxy Server
+  #
+  # An \HTTP object can have
+  # a {proxy server}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server].
+  #
+  # You can create an \HTTP object with a proxy server
+  # using method Net::HTTP.new or method Net::HTTP.start.
+  #
+  # The proxy may be defined either by argument +p_addr+
+  # or by environment variable <tt>'http_proxy'</tt>.
+  #
+  # === Proxy Using Argument +p_addr+ as a \String
+  #
+  # When argument +p_addr+ is a string hostname,
+  # the returned +http+ has the given host as its proxy:
   #
-  #   uri = URI('https://example.com/')
-  #   Net::HTTP.get(uri) # => String
+  #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname, nil, 'proxy.example')
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => false
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "proxy.example"
+  #   # These use default values.
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 80
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => nil
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => nil
   #
-  # In previous versions of Ruby you would need to require 'net/https' to use
-  # HTTPS. This is no longer true.
+  # The port, username, and password for the proxy may also be given:
+  #
+  #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname, nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass')
+  #   # => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => false
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "proxy.example"
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 8000
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => "pname"
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => "ppass"
+  #
+  # === Proxy Using '<tt>ENV['http_proxy']</tt>'
+  #
+  # When environment variable <tt>'http_proxy'</tt>
+  # is set to a \URI string,
+  # the returned +http+ will have the server at that URI as its proxy;
+  # note that the \URI string must have a protocol
+  # such as <tt>'http'</tt> or <tt>'https'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   ENV['http_proxy'] = 'http://example.com'
+  #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => true
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "example.com"
+  #   # These use default values.
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 80
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => nil
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => nil
+  #
+  # The \URI string may include proxy username, password, and port number:
+  #
+  #   ENV['http_proxy'] = 'http://pname:ppass@example.com:8000'
+  #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => true
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "example.com"
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 8000
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => "pname"
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => "ppass"
+  #
+  # === Filtering Proxies
+  #
+  # With method Net::HTTP.new (but not Net::HTTP.start),
+  # you can use argument +p_no_proxy+ to filter proxies:
+  #
+  # - Reject a certain address:
+  #
+  #     http = Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # - Reject certain domains or subdomains:
+  #
+  #     http = Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'my.proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # - Reject certain addresses and port combinations:
+  #
+  #     http = Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example:1234')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => "proxy.example"
+  #
+  #     http = Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example:8000')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # - Reject a list of the types above delimited using a comma:
+  #
+  #     http = Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'my.proxy,proxy.example:8000')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  #     http = Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'my.proxy', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'my.proxy,proxy.example:8000')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # == Compression and Decompression
+  #
+  # \Net::HTTP does not compress the body of a request before sending.
+  #
+  # By default, \Net::HTTP adds header <tt>'Accept-Encoding'</tt>
+  # to a new {request object}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest]:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)['Accept-Encoding']
+  #   # => "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"
+  #
+  # This requests the server to zip-encode the response body if there is one;
+  # the server is not required to do so.
+  #
+  # \Net::HTTP does not automatically decompress a response body
+  # if the response has header <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>.
+  #
+  # Otherwise decompression (or not) depends on the value of header
+  # {Content-Encoding}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-encoding-response-header]:
+  #
+  # - <tt>'deflate'</tt>, <tt>'gzip'</tt>, or <tt>'x-gzip'</tt>:
+  #   decompresses the body and deletes the header.
+  # - <tt>'none'</tt> or <tt>'identity'</tt>:
+  #   does not decompress the body, but deletes the header.
+  # - Any other value:
+  #   leaves the body and header unchanged.
+  #
+  # == What's Here
+  #
+  # This is a categorized summary of methods and attributes.
+  #
+  # === \Net::HTTP Objects
+  #
+  # - {::new}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.new]:
+  #   Creates a new instance.
+  # - {#inspect}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#inspect]:
+  #   Returns a string representation of +self+.
+  #
+  # === Sessions
+  #
+  # - {::start}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.start]:
+  #   Begins a new session in a new \Net::HTTP object.
+  # - {#started?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#started?]
+  #   (aliased as {#active?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#active?]):
+  #   Returns whether in a session.
+  # - {#finish}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#finish]:
+  #   Ends an active session.
+  # - {#start}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#start]:
+  #   Begins a new session in an existing \Net::HTTP object (+self+).
+  #
+  # === Connections
+  #
+  # - {:continue_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#continue_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the continue timeout.
+  # - {#continue_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#continue_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the continue timeout seconds.
+  # - {:keep_alive_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#keep_alive_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the keep-alive timeout.
+  # - {:keep_alive_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#keep_alive_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the keep-alive timeout.
+  # - {:max_retries}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#max_retries]:
+  #   Returns the maximum retries.
+  # - {#max_retries=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#max_retries=]:
+  #   Sets the maximum retries.
+  # - {:open_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#open_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the open timeout.
+  # - {:open_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#open_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the open timeout.
+  # - {:read_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#read_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the open timeout.
+  # - {:read_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#read_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the read timeout.
+  # - {:ssl_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ssl_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the ssl timeout.
+  # - {:ssl_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ssl_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the ssl timeout.
+  # - {:write_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#write_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the write timeout.
+  # - {write_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#write_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the write timeout.
+  #
+  # === Requests
+  #
+  # - {::get}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.get]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and returns the string response body.
+  # - {::get_print}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.get_print]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and write the string response body to $stdout.
+  # - {::get_response}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.get_response]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and returns a response object.
+  # - {::post_form}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.post_form]:
+  #   Sends a POST request with form data and returns a response object.
+  # - {::post}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.post]:
+  #   Sends a POST request with data and returns a response object.
+  # - {#copy}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#copy]:
+  #   Sends a COPY request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#delete}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#delete]:
+  #   Sends a DELETE request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#get}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#get]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#head}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#head]:
+  #   Sends a HEAD request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#lock}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#lock]:
+  #   Sends a LOCK request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#mkcol}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#mkcol]:
+  #   Sends a MKCOL request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#move}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#move]:
+  #   Sends a MOVE request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#options}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#options]:
+  #   Sends a OPTIONS request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#patch}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#patch]:
+  #   Sends a PATCH request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#post}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#post]:
+  #   Sends a POST request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#propfind}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#propfind]:
+  #   Sends a PROPFIND request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#proppatch}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proppatch]:
+  #   Sends a PROPPATCH request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#put}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#put]:
+  #   Sends a PUT request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#request}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#request]:
+  #   Sends a request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#request_get}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#request_get]
+  #   (aliased as {#get2}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#get2]):
+  #   Sends a GET request and forms a response object;
+  #   if a block given, calls the block with the object,
+  #   otherwise returns the object.
+  # - {#request_head}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#request_head]
+  #   (aliased as {#head2}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#head2]):
+  #   Sends a HEAD request and forms a response object;
+  #   if a block given, calls the block with the object,
+  #   otherwise returns the object.
+  # - {#request_post}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#request_post]
+  #   (aliased as {#post2}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#post2]):
+  #   Sends a POST request and forms a response object;
+  #   if a block given, calls the block with the object,
+  #   otherwise returns the object.
+  # - {#send_request}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#send_request]:
+  #   Sends a request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#trace}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#trace]:
+  #   Sends a TRACE request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#unlock}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#unlock]:
+  #   Sends an UNLOCK request and returns a response object.
+  #
+  # === Responses
+  #
+  # - {:close_on_empty_response}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#close_on_empty_response]:
+  #   Returns whether to close connection on empty response.
+  # - {:close_on_empty_response=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#close_on_empty_response=]:
+  #   Sets whether to close connection on empty response.
+  # - {:ignore_eof}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ignore_eof]:
+  #   Returns whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body
+  #   with <tt>Content-Length</tt> headers.
+  # - {:ignore_eof=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ignore_eof=]:
+  #   Sets whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body
+  #   with <tt>Content-Length</tt> headers.
+  # - {:response_body_encoding}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#response_body_encoding]:
+  #   Returns the encoding to use for the response body.
+  # - {#response_body_encoding=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#response_body_encoding=]:
+  #   Sets the response body encoding.
   #
   # === Proxies
   #
-  # Net::HTTP will automatically create a proxy from the +http_proxy+
-  # environment variable if it is present.  To disable use of +http_proxy+,
-  # pass +nil+ for the proxy address.
-  #
-  # You may also create a custom proxy:
-  #
-  #   proxy_addr = 'your.proxy.host'
-  #   proxy_port = 8080
-  #
-  #   Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, proxy_addr, proxy_port).start { |http|
-  #     # always proxy via your.proxy.addr:8080
-  #   }
-  #
-  # See Net::HTTP.new for further details and examples such as proxies that
-  # require a username and password.
-  #
-  # === Compression
-  #
-  # Net::HTTP automatically adds Accept-Encoding for compression of response
-  # bodies and automatically decompresses gzip and deflate responses unless a
-  # Range header was sent.
-  #
-  # Compression can be disabled through the Accept-Encoding: identity header.
-  #
-  # == HTTP Request Classes
-  #
-  # Here is the HTTP request class hierarchy.
-  #
-  # * Net::HTTPRequest
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Get
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Head
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Post
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Patch
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Put
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Proppatch
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Lock
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Unlock
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Options
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Propfind
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Delete
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Move
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Copy
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Mkcol
-  #   * Net::HTTP::Trace
-  #
-  # == HTTP Response Classes
-  #
-  # Here is HTTP response class hierarchy.  All classes are defined in Net
-  # module and are subclasses of Net::HTTPResponse.
-  #
-  # HTTPUnknownResponse:: For unhandled HTTP extensions
-  # HTTPInformation::                    1xx
-  #   HTTPContinue::                        100
-  #   HTTPSwitchProtocol::                  101
-  #   HTTPProcessing::                      102
-  #   HTTPEarlyHints::                      103
-  # HTTPSuccess::                        2xx
-  #   HTTPOK::                              200
-  #   HTTPCreated::                         201
-  #   HTTPAccepted::                        202
-  #   HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation::     203
-  #   HTTPNoContent::                       204
-  #   HTTPResetContent::                    205
-  #   HTTPPartialContent::                  206
-  #   HTTPMultiStatus::                     207
-  #   HTTPAlreadyReported::                 208
-  #   HTTPIMUsed::                          226
-  # HTTPRedirection::                    3xx
-  #   HTTPMultipleChoices::                 300
-  #   HTTPMovedPermanently::                301
-  #   HTTPFound::                           302
-  #   HTTPSeeOther::                        303
-  #   HTTPNotModified::                     304
-  #   HTTPUseProxy::                        305
-  #   HTTPTemporaryRedirect::               307
-  #   HTTPPermanentRedirect::               308
-  # HTTPClientError::                    4xx
-  #   HTTPBadRequest::                      400
-  #   HTTPUnauthorized::                    401
-  #   HTTPPaymentRequired::                 402
-  #   HTTPForbidden::                       403
-  #   HTTPNotFound::                        404
-  #   HTTPMethodNotAllowed::                405
-  #   HTTPNotAcceptable::                   406
-  #   HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired::     407
-  #   HTTPRequestTimeOut::                  408
-  #   HTTPConflict::                        409
-  #   HTTPGone::                            410
-  #   HTTPLengthRequired::                  411
-  #   HTTPPreconditionFailed::              412
-  #   HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge::           413
-  #   HTTPRequestURITooLong::               414
-  #   HTTPUnsupportedMediaType::            415
-  #   HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable::    416
-  #   HTTPExpectationFailed::               417
-  #   HTTPMisdirectedRequest::              421
-  #   HTTPUnprocessableEntity::             422
-  #   HTTPLocked::                          423
-  #   HTTPFailedDependency::                424
-  #   HTTPUpgradeRequired::                 426
-  #   HTTPPreconditionRequired::            428
-  #   HTTPTooManyRequests::                 429
-  #   HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge::     431
-  #   HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons::      451
-  # HTTPServerError::                    5xx
-  #   HTTPInternalServerError::             500
-  #   HTTPNotImplemented::                  501
-  #   HTTPBadGateway::                      502
-  #   HTTPServiceUnavailable::              503
-  #   HTTPGatewayTimeOut::                  504
-  #   HTTPVersionNotSupported::             505
-  #   HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates::           506
-  #   HTTPInsufficientStorage::             507
-  #   HTTPLoopDetected::                    508
-  #   HTTPNotExtended::                     510
-  #   HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired::   511
-  #
-  # There is also the Net::HTTPBadResponse exception which is raised when
-  # there is a protocol error.
+  # - {:proxy_address}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_address]:
+  #   Returns the proxy address.
+  # - {:proxy_address=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_address=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy address.
+  # - {::proxy_class?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.proxy_class?]:
+  #   Returns whether +self+ is a proxy class.
+  # - {#proxy?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy?]:
+  #   Returns whether +self+ has a proxy.
+  # - {#proxy_address}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_address]
+  #   (aliased as {#proxyaddr}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxyaddr]):
+  #   Returns the proxy address.
+  # - {#proxy_from_env?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_from_env?]:
+  #   Returns whether the proxy is taken from an environment variable.
+  # - {:proxy_from_env=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_from_env=]:
+  #   Sets whether the proxy is to be taken from an environment variable.
+  # - {:proxy_pass}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_pass]:
+  #   Returns the proxy password.
+  # - {:proxy_pass=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_pass=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy password.
+  # - {:proxy_port}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_port]:
+  #   Returns the proxy port.
+  # - {:proxy_port=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_port=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy port.
+  # - {#proxy_user}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_user]:
+  #   Returns the proxy user name.
+  # - {:proxy_user=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#proxy_user=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy user.
+  #
+  # === Security
+  #
+  # - {:ca_file}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ca_file]:
+  #   Returns the path to a CA certification file.
+  # - {:ca_file=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ca_file=]:
+  #   Sets the path to a CA certification file.
+  # - {:ca_path}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ca_path]:
+  #   Returns the path of to CA directory containing certification files.
+  # - {:ca_path=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ca_path=]:
+  #   Sets the path of to CA directory containing certification files.
+  # - {:cert}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#cert]:
+  #   Returns the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object to be used for client certification.
+  # - {:cert=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#cert=]:
+  #   Sets the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object to be used for client certification.
+  # - {:cert_store}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#cert_store]:
+  #   Returns the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.
+  # - {:cert_store=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#cert_store=]:
+  #   Sets the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.
+  # - {:ciphers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ciphers]:
+  #   Returns the available SSL ciphers.
+  # - {:ciphers=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ciphers=]:
+  #   Sets the available SSL ciphers.
+  # - {:extra_chain_cert}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#extra_chain_cert]:
+  #   Returns the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
+  # - {:extra_chain_cert=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#extra_chain_cert=]:
+  #   Sets the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
+  # - {:key}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#key]:
+  #   Returns the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
+  # - {:key=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#key=]:
+  #   Sets the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
+  # - {:max_version}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#max_version]:
+  #   Returns the maximum SSL version.
+  # - {:max_version=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#max_version=]:
+  #   Sets the maximum SSL version.
+  # - {:min_version}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#min_version]:
+  #   Returns the minimum SSL version.
+  # - {:min_version=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#min_version=]:
+  #   Sets the minimum SSL version.
+  # - {#peer_cert}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#peer_cert]:
+  #   Returns the X509 certificate chain for the session's socket peer.
+  # - {:ssl_version}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ssl_version]:
+  #   Returns the SSL version.
+  # - {:ssl_version=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ssl_version=]:
+  #   Sets the SSL version.
+  # - {#use_ssl=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#use_ssl=]:
+  #   Sets whether a new session is to use Transport Layer Security.
+  # - {#use_ssl?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#use_ssl?]:
+  #   Returns whether +self+ uses SSL.
+  # - {:verify_callback}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_callback]:
+  #   Returns the callback for the server certification verification.
+  # - {:verify_callback=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_callback=]:
+  #   Sets the callback for the server certification verification.
+  # - {:verify_depth}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_depth]:
+  #   Returns the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
+  # - {:verify_depth=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_depth=]:
+  #   Sets the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
+  # - {:verify_hostname}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_hostname]:
+  #   Returns the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  # - {:verify_hostname=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_hostname=]:
+  #   Sets he flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  # - {:verify_mode}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_mode]:
+  #   Returns the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  # - {:verify_mode=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#verify_mode=]:
+  #   Sets the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  #
+  # === Addresses and Ports
+  #
+  # - {:address}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#address]:
+  #   Returns the string host name or host IP.
+  # - {::default_port}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.default_port]:
+  #   Returns integer 80, the default port to use for HTTP requests.
+  # - {::http_default_port}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.http_default_port]:
+  #   Returns integer 80, the default port to use for HTTP requests.
+  # - {::https_default_port}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.https_default_port]:
+  #   Returns integer 443, the default port to use for HTTPS requests.
+  # - {#ipaddr}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ipaddr]:
+  #   Returns the IP address for the connection.
+  # - {#ipaddr=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#ipaddr=]:
+  #   Sets the IP address for the connection.
+  # - {:local_host}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#local_host]:
+  #   Returns the string local host used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:local_host=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#local_host=]:
+  #   Sets the string local host used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:local_port}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#local_port]:
+  #   Returns the integer local port used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:local_port=}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#local_port=]:
+  #   Sets the integer local port used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:port}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#port]:
+  #   Returns the integer port number.
+  #
+  # === \HTTP Version
+  #
+  # - {::version_1_2?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.version_1_2?]
+  #   (aliased as {::is_version_1_2?}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.is_version_1_2?]
+  #   and {::version_1_2}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP.version_1_2]):
+  #   Returns true; retained for compatibility.
+  #
+  # === Debugging
+  #
+  # - {#set_debug_output}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP#set_debug_output]:
+  #   Sets the output stream for debugging.
   #
   class HTTP < Protocol
 
     # :stopdoc:
-    VERSION = "0.2.2"
-    Revision = %q$Revision$.split[1]
+    VERSION = "0.4.1"
     HTTPVersion = '1.1'
     begin
       require 'zlib'
@@ -408,18 +732,17 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     end
     # :startdoc:
 
-    # Turns on net/http 1.2 (Ruby 1.8) features.
-    # Defaults to ON in Ruby 1.8 or later.
+    # Returns +true+; retained for compatibility.
     def HTTP.version_1_2
       true
     end
 
-    # Returns true if net/http is in version 1.2 mode.
-    # Defaults to true.
+    # Returns +true+; retained for compatibility.
     def HTTP.version_1_2?
       true
     end
 
+    # Returns +false+; retained for compatibility.
     def HTTP.version_1_1?  #:nodoc:
       false
     end
@@ -429,25 +752,12 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       alias is_version_1_2? version_1_2?   #:nodoc:
     end
 
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Net::HTTP.get_print(hostname, path, port = 80) -> nil
+    #   Net::HTTP:get_print(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> nil
     #
-    # short cut methods
-    #
-
-    #
-    # Gets the body text from the target and outputs it to $stdout.  The
-    # target can either be specified as
-    # (+uri+, +headers+), or as (+host+, +path+, +port+ = 80); so:
-    #
-    #    Net::HTTP.get_print URI('http://www.example.com/index.html')
-    #
-    # or:
-    #
-    #    Net::HTTP.get_print 'www.example.com', '/index.html'
-    #
-    # you can also specify request headers:
-    #
-    #    Net::HTTP.get_print URI('http://www.example.com/index.html'), { 'Accept' => 'text/html' }
-    #
+    # Like Net::HTTP.get, but writes the returned body to $stdout;
+    # returns +nil+.
     def HTTP.get_print(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
       get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port) {|res|
         res.read_body do |chunk|
@@ -457,40 +767,48 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       nil
     end
 
-    # Sends a GET request to the target and returns the HTTP response
-    # as a string.  The target can either be specified as
-    # (+uri+, +headers+), or as (+host+, +path+, +port+ = 80); so:
-    #
-    #    print Net::HTTP.get(URI('http://www.example.com/index.html'))
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path, port = 80) -> body
+    #   Net::HTTP:get(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> body
     #
-    # or:
+    # Sends a GET request and returns the \HTTP response body as a string.
     #
-    #    print Net::HTTP.get('www.example.com', '/index.html')
+    # With string arguments +hostname+ and +path+:
     #
-    # you can also specify request headers:
+    #   hostname = 'jsonplaceholder.typicode.com'
+    #   path = '/todos/1'
+    #   puts Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)
     #
-    #    Net::HTTP.get(URI('http://www.example.com/index.html'), { 'Accept' => 'text/html' })
+    # Output:
     #
-    def HTTP.get(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
-      get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port).body
-    end
-
-    # Sends a GET request to the target and returns the HTTP response
-    # as a Net::HTTPResponse object.  The target can either be specified as
-    # (+uri+, +headers+), or as (+host+, +path+, +port+ = 80); so:
+    #   {
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 1,
+    #     "title": "delectus aut autem",
+    #     "completed": false
+    #   }
     #
-    #    res = Net::HTTP.get_response(URI('http://www.example.com/index.html'))
-    #    print res.body
+    # With URI object +uri+ and optional hash argument +headers+:
     #
-    # or:
+    #   uri = URI('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1')
+    #   headers = {'Content-type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
+    #   Net::HTTP.get(uri, headers)
     #
-    #    res = Net::HTTP.get_response('www.example.com', '/index.html')
-    #    print res.body
+    # Related:
     #
-    # you can also specify request headers:
+    # - Net::HTTP::Get: request class for \HTTP method +GET+.
+    # - Net::HTTP#get: convenience method for \HTTP method +GET+.
     #
-    #    Net::HTTP.get_response(URI('http://www.example.com/index.html'), { 'Accept' => 'text/html' })
+    def HTTP.get(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
+      get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port).body
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, path, port = 80) -> http_response
+    #   Net::HTTP:get_response(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> http_response
     #
+    # Like Net::HTTP.get, but returns a Net::HTTPResponse object
+    # instead of the body string.
     def HTTP.get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil, &block)
       if path_or_headers && !path_or_headers.is_a?(Hash)
         host = uri_or_host
@@ -508,16 +826,31 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       end
     end
 
-    # Posts data to the specified URI object.
+    # Posts data to a host; returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
     #
-    # Example:
+    # Argument +url+ must be a URL;
+    # argument +data+ must be a string:
+    #
+    #   _uri = uri.dup
+    #   _uri.path = '/posts'
+    #   data = '{"title": "foo", "body": "bar", "userId": 1}'
+    #   headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
+    #   res = Net::HTTP.post(_uri, data, headers) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #   puts res.body
+    #
+    # Output:
     #
-    #   require 'net/http'
-    #   require 'uri'
+    #   {
+    #     "title": "foo",
+    #     "body": "bar",
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 101
+    #   }
     #
-    #   Net::HTTP.post URI('http://www.example.com/api/search'),
-    #                  { "q" => "ruby", "max" => "50" }.to_json,
-    #                  "Content-Type" => "application/json"
+    # Related:
+    #
+    # - Net::HTTP::Post: request class for \HTTP method +POST+.
+    # - Net::HTTP#post: convenience method for \HTTP method +POST+.
     #
     def HTTP.post(url, data, header = nil)
       start(url.hostname, url.port,
@@ -526,22 +859,25 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       }
     end
 
-    # Posts HTML form data to the specified URI object.
-    # The form data must be provided as a Hash mapping from String to String.
-    # Example:
+    # Posts data to a host; returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
     #
-    #   { "cmd" => "search", "q" => "ruby", "max" => "50" }
+    # Argument +url+ must be a URI;
+    # argument +data+ must be a hash:
     #
-    # This method also does Basic Authentication if and only if +url+.user exists.
-    # But userinfo for authentication is deprecated (RFC3986).
-    # So this feature will be removed.
-    #
-    # Example:
+    #   _uri = uri.dup
+    #   _uri.path = '/posts'
+    #   data = {title: 'foo', body: 'bar', userId: 1}
+    #   res = Net::HTTP.post_form(_uri, data) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #   puts res.body
     #
-    #   require 'net/http'
+    # Output:
     #
-    #   Net::HTTP.post_form URI('http://www.example.com/search.cgi'),
-    #                       { "q" => "ruby", "max" => "50" }
+    #   {
+    #     "title": "foo",
+    #     "body": "bar",
+    #     "userId": "1",
+    #     "id": 101
+    #   }
     #
     def HTTP.post_form(url, params)
       req = Post.new(url)
@@ -554,20 +890,29 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     end
 
     #
-    # HTTP session management
+    # \HTTP session management
     #
 
-    # The default port to use for HTTP requests; defaults to 80.
+    # Returns integer +80+, the default port to use for \HTTP requests:
+    #
+    #   Net::HTTP.default_port # => 80
+    #
     def HTTP.default_port
       http_default_port()
     end
 
-    # The default port to use for HTTP requests; defaults to 80.
+    # Returns integer +80+, the default port to use for \HTTP requests:
+    #
+    #   Net::HTTP.http_default_port # => 80
+    #
     def HTTP.http_default_port
       80
     end
 
-    # The default port to use for HTTPS requests; defaults to 443.
+    # Returns integer +443+, the default port to use for HTTPS requests:
+    #
+    #   Net::HTTP.https_default_port # => 443
+    #
     def HTTP.https_default_port
       443
     end
@@ -577,35 +922,91 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     end
 
     # :call-seq:
-    #   HTTP.start(address, port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass, &block)
-    #   HTTP.start(address, port=nil, p_addr=:ENV, p_port=nil, p_user=nil, p_pass=nil, opt, &block)
-    #
-    # Creates a new Net::HTTP object, then additionally opens the TCP
-    # connection and HTTP session.
-    #
-    # Arguments are the following:
-    # _address_ :: hostname or IP address of the server
-    # _port_    :: port of the server
-    # _p_addr_  :: address of proxy
-    # _p_port_  :: port of proxy
-    # _p_user_  :: user of proxy
-    # _p_pass_  :: pass of proxy
-    # _opt_     :: optional hash
-    #
-    # _opt_ sets following values by its accessor.
-    # The keys are ipaddr, ca_file, ca_path, cert, cert_store, ciphers, keep_alive_timeout,
-    # close_on_empty_response, key, open_timeout, read_timeout, write_timeout, ssl_timeout,
-    # ssl_version, use_ssl, verify_callback, verify_depth and verify_mode.
-    # If you set :use_ssl as true, you can use https and default value of
-    # verify_mode is set as OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER.
-    #
-    # If the optional block is given, the newly
-    # created Net::HTTP object is passed to it and closed when the
-    # block finishes.  In this case, the return value of this method
-    # is the return value of the block.  If no block is given, the
-    # return value of this method is the newly created Net::HTTP object
-    # itself, and the caller is responsible for closing it upon completion
-    # using the finish() method.
+    #   HTTP.start(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, opts) -> http
+    #   HTTP.start(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, opts) {|http| ... } -> object
+    #
+    # Creates a new \Net::HTTP object, +http+, via \Net::HTTP.new:
+    #
+    # - For arguments +address+ and +port+, see Net::HTTP.new.
+    # - For proxy-defining arguments +p_addr+ through +p_pass+,
+    #   see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    # - For argument +opts+, see below.
+    #
+    # With no block given:
+    #
+    # - Calls <tt>http.start</tt> with no block (see #start),
+    #   which opens a TCP connection and \HTTP session.
+    # - Returns +http+.
+    # - The caller should call #finish to close the session:
+    #
+    #     http = Net::HTTP.start(hostname)
+    #     http.started? # => true
+    #     http.finish
+    #     http.started? # => false
+    #
+    # With a block given:
+    #
+    # - Calls <tt>http.start</tt> with the block (see #start), which:
+    #
+    #   - Opens a TCP connection and \HTTP session.
+    #   - Calls the block,
+    #     which may make any number of requests to the host.
+    #   - Closes the \HTTP session and TCP connection on block exit.
+    #   - Returns the block's value +object+.
+    #
+    # - Returns +object+.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #
+    #   hostname = 'jsonplaceholder.typicode.com'
+    #   Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+    #     puts http.get('/todos/1').body
+    #     puts http.get('/todos/2').body
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   {
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 1,
+    #     "title": "delectus aut autem",
+    #     "completed": false
+    #   }
+    #   {
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 2,
+    #     "title": "quis ut nam facilis et officia qui",
+    #     "completed": false
+    #   }
+    #
+    # If the last argument given is a hash, it is the +opts+ hash,
+    # where each key is a method or accessor to be called,
+    # and its value is the value to be set.
+    #
+    # The keys may include:
+    #
+    # - #ca_file
+    # - #ca_path
+    # - #cert
+    # - #cert_store
+    # - #ciphers
+    # - #close_on_empty_response
+    # - +ipaddr+ (calls #ipaddr=)
+    # - #keep_alive_timeout
+    # - #key
+    # - #open_timeout
+    # - #read_timeout
+    # - #ssl_timeout
+    # - #ssl_version
+    # - +use_ssl+ (calls #use_ssl=)
+    # - #verify_callback
+    # - #verify_depth
+    # - #verify_mode
+    # - #write_timeout
+    #
+    # Note: If +port+ is +nil+ and <tt>opts[:use_ssl]</tt> is a truthy value,
+    # the value passed to +new+ is Net::HTTP.https_default_port, not +port+.
+    #
     def HTTP.start(address, *arg, &block) # :yield: +http+
       arg.pop if opt = Hash.try_convert(arg[-1])
       port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass = *arg
@@ -632,25 +1033,34 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       alias newobj new # :nodoc:
     end
 
-    # Creates a new Net::HTTP object without opening a TCP connection or
-    # HTTP session.
+    # Returns a new \Net::HTTP object +http+
+    # (but does not open a TCP connection or \HTTP session).
+    #
+    # With only string argument +address+ given
+    # (and <tt>ENV['http_proxy']</tt> undefined or +nil+),
+    # the returned +http+:
+    #
+    # - Has the given address.
+    # - Has the default port number, Net::HTTP.default_port (80).
+    # - Has no proxy.
     #
-    # The +address+ should be a DNS hostname or IP address, the +port+ is the
-    # port the server operates on.  If no +port+ is given the default port for
-    # HTTP or HTTPS is used.
+    # Example:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+    #   http.address # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+    #   http.port    # => 80
+    #   http.proxy?  # => false
+    #
+    # With integer argument +port+ also given,
+    # the returned +http+ has the given port:
     #
-    # If none of the +p_+ arguments are given, the proxy host and port are
-    # taken from the +http_proxy+ environment variable (or its uppercase
-    # equivalent) if present.  If the proxy requires authentication you must
-    # supply it by hand.  See URI::Generic#find_proxy for details of proxy
-    # detection from the environment.  To disable proxy detection set +p_addr+
-    # to nil.
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname, 8000)
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:8000 open=false>
+    #   http.port # => 8000
     #
-    # If you are connecting to a custom proxy, +p_addr+ specifies the DNS name
-    # or IP address of the proxy host, +p_port+ the port to use to access the
-    # proxy, +p_user+ and +p_pass+ the username and password if authorization
-    # is required to use the proxy, and p_no_proxy hosts which do not
-    # use the proxy.
+    # For proxy-defining arguments +p_addr+ through +p_no_proxy+,
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     #
     def HTTP.new(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, p_no_proxy = nil)
       http = super address, port
@@ -664,7 +1074,7 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       elsif p_addr == :ENV then
         http.proxy_from_env = true
       else
-        if p_addr && p_no_proxy && !URI::Generic.use_proxy?(p_addr, p_addr, p_port, p_no_proxy)
+        if p_addr && p_no_proxy && !URI::Generic.use_proxy?(address, address, port, p_no_proxy)
           p_addr = nil
           p_port = nil
         end
@@ -677,10 +1087,10 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       http
     end
 
-    # Creates a new Net::HTTP object for the specified server address,
-    # without opening the TCP connection or initializing the HTTP session.
+    # Creates a new \Net::HTTP object for the specified server address,
+    # without opening the TCP connection or initializing the \HTTP session.
     # The +address+ should be a DNS hostname or IP address.
-    def initialize(address, port = nil)
+    def initialize(address, port = nil) # :nodoc:
       @address = address
       @port    = (port || HTTP.default_port)
       @ipaddr = nil
@@ -717,6 +1127,11 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       end
     end
 
+    # Returns a string representation of +self+:
+    #
+    #   Net::HTTP.new(hostname).inspect
+    #   # => "#<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>"
+    #
     def inspect
       "#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} open=#{started?}>"
     end
@@ -724,83 +1139,184 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     # *WARNING* This method opens a serious security hole.
     # Never use this method in production code.
     #
-    # Sets an output stream for debugging.
+    # Sets the output stream for debugging:
     #
     #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
-    #   http.set_debug_output $stderr
-    #   http.start { .... }
+    #   File.open('t.tmp', 'w') do |file|
+    #     http.set_debug_output(file)
+    #     http.start
+    #     http.get('/nosuch/1')
+    #     http.finish
+    #   end
+    #   puts File.read('t.tmp')
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   opening connection to jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80...
+    #   opened
+    #   <- "GET /nosuch/1 HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3\r\nAccept: */*\r\nUser-Agent: Ruby\r\nHost: jsonplaceholder.typicode.com\r\n\r\n"
+    #   -> "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
+    #   -> "Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2022 21:14:11 GMT\r\n"
+    #   -> "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8\r\n"
+    #   -> "Content-Length: 2\r\n"
+    #   -> "Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Powered-By: Express\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Ratelimit-Limit: 1000\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Ratelimit-Remaining: 999\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Ratelimit-Reset: 1670879660\r\n"
+    #   -> "Vary: Origin, Accept-Encoding\r\n"
+    #   -> "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true\r\n"
+    #   -> "Cache-Control: max-age=43200\r\n"
+    #   -> "Pragma: no-cache\r\n"
+    #   -> "Expires: -1\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff\r\n"
+    #   -> "Etag: W/\"2-vyGp6PvFo4RvsFtPoIWeCReyIC8\"\r\n"
+    #   -> "Via: 1.1 vegur\r\n"
+    #   -> "CF-Cache-Status: MISS\r\n"
+    #   -> "Server-Timing: cf-q-config;dur=1.3000000762986e-05\r\n"
+    #   -> "Report-To: {\"endpoints\":[{\"url\":\"https:\\/\\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\\/report\\/v3?s=yOr40jo%2BwS1KHzhTlVpl54beJ5Wx2FcG4gGV0XVrh3X9OlR5q4drUn2dkt5DGO4GDcE%2BVXT7CNgJvGs%2BZleIyMu8CLieFiDIvOviOY3EhHg94m0ZNZgrEdpKD0S85S507l1vsEwEHkoTm%2Ff19SiO\"}],\"group\":\"cf-nel\",\"max_age\":604800}\r\n"
+    #   -> "NEL: {\"success_fraction\":0,\"report_to\":\"cf-nel\",\"max_age\":604800}\r\n"
+    #   -> "Server: cloudflare\r\n"
+    #   -> "CF-RAY: 778977dc484ce591-DFW\r\n"
+    #   -> "alt-svc: h3=\":443\"; ma=86400, h3-29=\":443\"; ma=86400\r\n"
+    #   -> "\r\n"
+    #   reading 2 bytes...
+    #   -> "{}"
+    #   read 2 bytes
+    #   Conn keep-alive
     #
     def set_debug_output(output)
       warn 'Net::HTTP#set_debug_output called after HTTP started', uplevel: 1 if started?
       @debug_output = output
     end
 
-    # The DNS host name or IP address to connect to.
+    # Returns the string host name or host IP given as argument +address+ in ::new.
     attr_reader :address
 
-    # The port number to connect to.
+    # Returns the integer port number given as argument +port+ in ::new.
     attr_reader :port
 
-    # The local host used to establish the connection.
+    # Sets or returns the string local host used to establish the connection;
+    # initially +nil+.
     attr_accessor :local_host
 
-    # The local port used to establish the connection.
+    # Sets or returns the integer local port used to establish the connection;
+    # initially +nil+.
     attr_accessor :local_port
 
-    # The encoding to use for the response body.  If Encoding, uses the
-    # specified encoding.  If other true value, tries to detect the response
-    # body encoding.
+    # Returns the encoding to use for the response body;
+    # see #response_body_encoding=.
     attr_reader :response_body_encoding
 
-    # Set the encoding to use for the response body.  If given a String, find
-    # the related Encoding.
+    # Sets the encoding to be used for the response body;
+    # returns the encoding.
+    #
+    # The given +value+ may be:
+    #
+    # - An Encoding object.
+    # - The name of an encoding.
+    # - An alias for an encoding name.
+    #
+    # See {Encoding}[rdoc-ref:Encoding].
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.response_body_encoding = Encoding::US_ASCII # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+    #   http.response_body_encoding = 'US-ASCII'         # => "US-ASCII"
+    #   http.response_body_encoding = 'ASCII'            # => "ASCII"
+    #
     def response_body_encoding=(value)
       value = Encoding.find(value) if value.is_a?(String)
       @response_body_encoding = value
     end
 
+    # Sets whether to determine the proxy from environment variable
+    # '<tt>ENV['http_proxy']</tt>';
+    # see {Proxy Using ENV['http_proxy']}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Using+-27ENV-5B-27http_proxy-27-5D-27].
     attr_writer :proxy_from_env
+
+    # Sets the proxy address;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     attr_writer :proxy_address
+
+    # Sets the proxy port;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     attr_writer :proxy_port
+
+    # Sets the proxy user;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     attr_writer :proxy_user
+
+    # Sets the proxy password;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     attr_writer :proxy_pass
 
-    # The IP address to connect to/used to connect to
+    # Returns the IP address for the connection.
+    #
+    # If the session has not been started,
+    # returns the value set by #ipaddr=,
+    # or +nil+ if it has not been set:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.ipaddr # => nil
+    #   http.ipaddr = '172.67.155.76'
+    #   http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
+    #
+    # If the session has been started,
+    # returns the IP address from the socket:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.start
+    #   http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
+    #   http.finish
+    #
     def ipaddr
       started? ?  @socket.io.peeraddr[3] : @ipaddr
     end
 
-    # Set the IP address to connect to
+    # Sets the IP address for the connection:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.ipaddr # => nil
+    #   http.ipaddr = '172.67.155.76'
+    #   http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
+    #
+    # The IP address may not be set if the session has been started.
     def ipaddr=(addr)
       raise IOError, "ipaddr value changed, but session already started" if started?
       @ipaddr = addr
     end
 
-    # Number of seconds to wait for the connection to open. Any number
-    # may be used, including Floats for fractional seconds. If the HTTP
-    # object cannot open a connection in this many seconds, it raises a
-    # Net::OpenTimeout exception. The default value is 60 seconds.
+    # Sets or returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to wait for a connection to open;
+    # initially 60.
+    # If the connection is not made in the given interval,
+    # an exception is raised.
     attr_accessor :open_timeout
 
-    # Number of seconds to wait for one block to be read (via one read(2)
-    # call). Any number may be used, including Floats for fractional
-    # seconds. If the HTTP object cannot read data in this many seconds,
-    # it raises a Net::ReadTimeout exception. The default value is 60 seconds.
+    # Returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to wait for one block to be read (via one read(2) call);
+    # see #read_timeout=.
     attr_reader :read_timeout
 
-    # Number of seconds to wait for one block to be written (via one write(2)
-    # call). Any number may be used, including Floats for fractional
-    # seconds. If the HTTP object cannot write data in this many seconds,
-    # it raises a Net::WriteTimeout exception. The default value is 60 seconds.
-    # Net::WriteTimeout is not raised on Windows.
+    # Returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to wait for one block to be written (via one write(2) call);
+    # see #write_timeout=.
     attr_reader :write_timeout
 
-    # Maximum number of times to retry an idempotent request in case of
-    # Net::ReadTimeout, IOError, EOFError, Errno::ECONNRESET,
+    # Sets the maximum number of times to retry an idempotent request in case of
+    # \Net::ReadTimeout, IOError, EOFError, Errno::ECONNRESET,
     # Errno::ECONNABORTED, Errno::EPIPE, OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError,
     # Timeout::Error.
-    # Should be a non-negative integer number. Zero means no retries.
-    # The default value is 1.
+    # The initial value is 1.
+    #
+    # Argument +retries+ must be a non-negative numeric value:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.max_retries = 2   # => 2
+    #   http.max_retries       # => 2
+    #
     def max_retries=(retries)
       retries = retries.to_int
       if retries < 0
@@ -809,59 +1325,113 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       @max_retries = retries
     end
 
+    # Returns the maximum number of times to retry an idempotent request;
+    # see #max_retries=.
     attr_reader :max_retries
 
-    # Setter for the read_timeout attribute.
+    # Sets the read timeout, in seconds, for +self+ to integer +sec+;
+    # the initial value is 60.
+    #
+    # Argument +sec+ must be a non-negative numeric value:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.read_timeout # => 60
+    #   http.get('/todos/1') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #   http.read_timeout = 0
+    #   http.get('/todos/1') # Raises Net::ReadTimeout.
+    #
     def read_timeout=(sec)
       @socket.read_timeout = sec if @socket
       @read_timeout = sec
     end
 
-    # Setter for the write_timeout attribute.
+    # Sets the write timeout, in seconds, for +self+ to integer +sec+;
+    # the initial value is 60.
+    #
+    # Argument +sec+ must be a non-negative numeric value:
+    #
+    #   _uri = uri.dup
+    #   _uri.path = '/posts'
+    #   body = 'bar' * 200000
+    #   data = <<EOF
+    #   {"title": "foo", "body": "#{body}", "userId": "1"}
+    #   EOF
+    #   headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.write_timeout # => 60
+    #   http.post(_uri.path, data, headers)
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #   http.write_timeout = 0
+    #   http.post(_uri.path, data, headers) # Raises Net::WriteTimeout.
+    #
     def write_timeout=(sec)
       @socket.write_timeout = sec if @socket
       @write_timeout = sec
     end
 
-    # Seconds to wait for 100 Continue response. If the HTTP object does not
-    # receive a response in this many seconds it sends the request body. The
-    # default value is +nil+.
+    # Returns the continue timeout value;
+    # see continue_timeout=.
     attr_reader :continue_timeout
 
-    # Setter for the continue_timeout attribute.
+    # Sets the continue timeout value,
+    # which is the number of seconds to wait for an expected 100 Continue response.
+    # If the \HTTP object does not receive a response in this many seconds
+    # it sends the request body.
     def continue_timeout=(sec)
       @socket.continue_timeout = sec if @socket
       @continue_timeout = sec
     end
 
-    # Seconds to reuse the connection of the previous request.
-    # If the idle time is less than this Keep-Alive Timeout,
-    # Net::HTTP reuses the TCP/IP socket used by the previous communication.
-    # The default value is 2 seconds.
+    # Sets or returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to keep the connection open after a request is sent;
+    # initially 2.
+    # If a new request is made during the given interval,
+    # the still-open connection is used;
+    # otherwise the connection will have been closed
+    # and a new connection is opened.
     attr_accessor :keep_alive_timeout
 
-    # Whether to ignore EOF when reading response bodies with defined
-    # Content-Length headers. For backwards compatibility, the default is true.
+    # Sets or returns whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body
+    # with <tt>Content-Length</tt> headers;
+    # initially +true+.
     attr_accessor :ignore_eof
 
-    # Returns true if the HTTP session has been started.
+    # Returns +true+ if the \HTTP session has been started:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #   http.start
+    #   http.started? # => true
+    #   http.finish # => nil
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
+    #   Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+    #     http.started?
+    #   end # => true
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
     def started?
       @started
     end
 
     alias active? started?   #:nodoc: obsolete
 
+    # Sets or returns whether to close the connection when the response is empty;
+    # initially +false+.
     attr_accessor :close_on_empty_response
 
-    # Returns true if SSL/TLS is being used with HTTP.
+    # Returns +true+ if +self+ uses SSL, +false+ otherwise.
+    # See Net::HTTP#use_ssl=.
     def use_ssl?
       @use_ssl
     end
 
-    # Turn on/off SSL.
-    # This flag must be set before starting session.
-    # If you change use_ssl value after session started,
-    # a Net::HTTP object raises IOError.
+    # Sets whether a new session is to use
+    # {Transport Layer Security}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security]:
+    #
+    # Raises IOError if attempting to change during a session.
+    #
+    # Raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError if the port is not an HTTPS port.
     def use_ssl=(flag)
       flag = flag ? true : false
       if started? and @use_ssl != flag
@@ -886,7 +1456,7 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       :@verify_depth,
       :@verify_mode,
       :@verify_hostname,
-    ]
+    ] # :nodoc:
     SSL_ATTRIBUTES = [
       :ca_file,
       :ca_path,
@@ -903,64 +1473,67 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       :verify_depth,
       :verify_mode,
       :verify_hostname,
-    ]
+    ] # :nodoc:
 
-    # Sets path of a CA certification file in PEM format.
-    #
-    # The file can contain several CA certificates.
+    # Sets or returns the path to a CA certification file in PEM format.
     attr_accessor :ca_file
 
-    # Sets path of a CA certification directory containing certifications in
-    # PEM format.
+    # Sets or returns the path of to CA directory
+    # containing certification files in PEM format.
     attr_accessor :ca_path
 
-    # Sets an OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object as client certificate.
-    # (This method is appeared in Michal Rokos's OpenSSL extension).
+    # Sets or returns the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object
+    # to be used for client certification.
     attr_accessor :cert
 
-    # Sets the X509::Store to verify peer certificate.
+    # Sets or returns the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.
     attr_accessor :cert_store
 
-    # Sets the available ciphers.  See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ciphers=
+    # Sets or returns the available SSL ciphers.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ciphers=}[rdoc-ref:OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ciphers-3D].
     attr_accessor :ciphers
 
-    # Sets the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
-    # See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#extra_chain_cert=
+    # Sets or returns the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#add_certificate}[rdoc-ref:OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#add_certificate].
     attr_accessor :extra_chain_cert
 
-    # Sets an OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
-    # (This method is appeared in Michal Rokos's OpenSSL extension.)
+    # Sets or returns the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
     attr_accessor :key
 
-    # Sets the SSL timeout seconds.
+    # Sets or returns the SSL timeout seconds.
     attr_accessor :ssl_timeout
 
-    # Sets the SSL version.  See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ssl_version=
+    # Sets or returns the SSL version.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ssl_version=}[rdoc-ref:OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ssl_version-3D].
     attr_accessor :ssl_version
 
-    # Sets the minimum SSL version.  See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version=
+    # Sets or returns the minimum SSL version.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version=}[rdoc-ref:OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version-3D].
     attr_accessor :min_version
 
-    # Sets the maximum SSL version.  See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version=
+    # Sets or returns the maximum SSL version.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version=}[rdoc-ref:OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version-3D].
     attr_accessor :max_version
 
-    # Sets the verify callback for the server certification verification.
+    # Sets or returns the callback for the server certification verification.
     attr_accessor :verify_callback
 
-    # Sets the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
+    # Sets or returns the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
     attr_accessor :verify_depth
 
-    # Sets the flags for server the certification verification at beginning of
-    # SSL/TLS session.
-    #
+    # Sets or returns the flags for server the certification verification
+    # at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
     # OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE or OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER are acceptable.
     attr_accessor :verify_mode
 
-    # Sets to check the server certificate is valid for the hostname.
-    # See OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#verify_hostname=
+    # Sets or returns whether to verify that the server certificate is valid
+    # for the hostname.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#verify_hostname=}[rdoc-ref:OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#attribute-i-verify_mode].
     attr_accessor :verify_hostname
 
-    # Returns the X.509 certificates the server presented.
+    # Returns the X509 certificate chain (an array of strings)
+    # for the session's socket peer,
+    # or +nil+ if none.
     def peer_cert
       if not use_ssl? or not @socket
         return nil
@@ -968,14 +1541,26 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       @socket.io.peer_cert
     end
 
-    # Opens a TCP connection and HTTP session.
+    # Starts an \HTTP session.
     #
-    # When this method is called with a block, it passes the Net::HTTP
-    # object to the block, and closes the TCP connection and HTTP session
-    # after the block has been executed.
+    # Without a block, returns +self+:
     #
-    # When called with a block, it returns the return value of the
-    # block; otherwise, it returns self.
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+    #   http.start
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=true>
+    #   http.started? # => true
+    #   http.finish
+    #
+    # With a block, calls the block with +self+,
+    # finishes the session when the block exits,
+    # and returns the block's value:
+    #
+    #   http.start do |http|
+    #     http
+    #   end
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+    #   http.started? # => false
     #
     def start  # :yield: http
       raise IOError, 'HTTP session already opened' if @started
@@ -1013,13 +1598,14 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       end
 
       debug "opening connection to #{conn_addr}:#{conn_port}..."
-      begin
-        s = Socket.tcp conn_addr, conn_port, @local_host, @local_port, connect_timeout: @open_timeout
-      rescue => e
-        e = Net::OpenTimeout.new(e) if e.is_a?(Errno::ETIMEDOUT) #for compatibility with previous versions
-        raise e, "Failed to open TCP connection to " +
-          "#{conn_addr}:#{conn_port} (#{e.message})"
-      end
+      s = Timeout.timeout(@open_timeout, Net::OpenTimeout) {
+        begin
+          TCPSocket.open(conn_addr, conn_port, @local_host, @local_port)
+        rescue => e
+          raise e, "Failed to open TCP connection to " +
+            "#{conn_addr}:#{conn_port} (#{e.message})"
+        end
+      }
       s.setsockopt(Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, Socket::TCP_NODELAY, 1)
       debug "opened"
       if use_ssl?
@@ -1028,8 +1614,8 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
                                       write_timeout: @write_timeout,
                                       continue_timeout: @continue_timeout,
                                       debug_output: @debug_output)
-          buf = "CONNECT #{conn_address}:#{@port} HTTP/#{HTTPVersion}\r\n"
-          buf << "Host: #{@address}:#{@port}\r\n"
+          buf = +"CONNECT #{conn_address}:#{@port} HTTP/#{HTTPVersion}\r\n" \
+            "Host: #{@address}:#{@port}\r\n"
           if proxy_user
             credential = ["#{proxy_user}:#{proxy_pass}"].pack('m0')
             buf << "Proxy-Authorization: Basic #{credential}\r\n"
@@ -1110,8 +1696,15 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     end
     private :on_connect
 
-    # Finishes the HTTP session and closes the TCP connection.
-    # Raises IOError if the session has not been started.
+    # Finishes the \HTTP session:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.start
+    #   http.started? # => true
+    #   http.finish   # => nil
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
+    # Raises IOError if not in a session.
     def finish
       raise IOError, 'HTTP session not yet started' unless started?
       do_finish
@@ -1138,12 +1731,12 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     @proxy_user = nil
     @proxy_pass = nil
 
-    # Creates an HTTP proxy class which behaves like Net::HTTP, but
+    # Creates an \HTTP proxy class which behaves like \Net::HTTP, but
     # performs all access via the specified proxy.
     #
     # This class is obsolete.  You may pass these same parameters directly to
-    # Net::HTTP.new.  See Net::HTTP.new for details of the arguments.
-    def HTTP.Proxy(p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil)
+    # \Net::HTTP.new.  See Net::HTTP.new for details of the arguments.
+    def HTTP.Proxy(p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil) #:nodoc:
       return self unless p_addr
 
       Class.new(self) {
@@ -1165,31 +1758,37 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     end
 
     class << HTTP
-      # returns true if self is a class which was created by HTTP::Proxy.
+      # Returns true if self is a class which was created by HTTP::Proxy.
       def proxy_class?
         defined?(@is_proxy_class) ? @is_proxy_class : false
       end
 
-      # Address of proxy host. If Net::HTTP does not use a proxy, nil.
+      # Returns the address of the proxy host, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
       attr_reader :proxy_address
 
-      # Port number of proxy host. If Net::HTTP does not use a proxy, nil.
+      # Returns the port number of the proxy host, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
       attr_reader :proxy_port
 
-      # User name for accessing proxy. If Net::HTTP does not use a proxy, nil.
+      # Returns the user name for accessing the proxy, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
       attr_reader :proxy_user
 
-      # User password for accessing proxy. If Net::HTTP does not use a proxy,
-      # nil.
+      # Returns the password for accessing the proxy, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
       attr_reader :proxy_pass
     end
 
-    # True if requests for this connection will be proxied
+    # Returns +true+ if a proxy server is defined, +false+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     def proxy?
       !!(@proxy_from_env ? proxy_uri : @proxy_address)
     end
 
-    # True if the proxy for this connection is determined from the environment
+    # Returns +true+ if the proxy server is defined in the environment,
+    # +false+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     def proxy_from_env?
       @proxy_from_env
     end
@@ -1198,12 +1797,13 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     def proxy_uri # :nodoc:
       return if @proxy_uri == false
       @proxy_uri ||= URI::HTTP.new(
-        "http".freeze, nil, address, port, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
+        "http", nil, address, port, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
       ).find_proxy || false
       @proxy_uri || nil
     end
 
-    # The address of the proxy server, if one is configured.
+    # Returns the address of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     def proxy_address
       if @proxy_from_env then
         proxy_uri&.hostname
@@ -1212,7 +1812,8 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       end
     end
 
-    # The port of the proxy server, if one is configured.
+    # Returns the port number of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     def proxy_port
       if @proxy_from_env then
         proxy_uri&.port
@@ -1221,16 +1822,10 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       end
     end
 
-    # [Bug #12921]
-    if /linux|freebsd|darwin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
-      ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE_IS_MULTIUSER_SAFE = true
-    else
-      ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE_IS_MULTIUSER_SAFE = false
-    end
-
-    # The username of the proxy server, if one is configured.
+    # Returns the user name of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     def proxy_user
-      if ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE_IS_MULTIUSER_SAFE && @proxy_from_env
+      if @proxy_from_env
         user = proxy_uri&.user
         unescape(user) if user
       else
@@ -1238,9 +1833,10 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       end
     end
 
-    # The password of the proxy server, if one is configured.
+    # Returns the password of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
     def proxy_pass
-      if ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE_IS_MULTIUSER_SAFE && @proxy_from_env
+      if @proxy_from_env
         pass = proxy_uri&.password
         unescape(pass) if pass
       else
@@ -1286,45 +1882,38 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
 
     public
 
-    # Retrieves data from +path+ on the connected-to host which may be an
-    # absolute path String or a URI to extract the path from.
+    # :call-seq:
+    #    get(path, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }
+    #
+    # Sends a GET request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Get object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body:
     #
-    # +initheader+ must be a Hash like { 'Accept' => '*/*', ... },
-    # and it defaults to an empty hash.
-    # If +initheader+ doesn't have the key 'accept-encoding', then
-    # a value of "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3" is used,
-    # so that gzip compression is used in preference to deflate
-    # compression, which is used in preference to no compression.
-    # Ruby doesn't have libraries to support the compress (Lempel-Ziv)
-    # compression, so that is not supported.  The intent of this is
-    # to reduce bandwidth by default.   If this routine sets up
-    # compression, then it does the decompression also, removing
-    # the header as well to prevent confusion.  Otherwise
-    # it leaves the body as it found it.
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.get('/todos/1') do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
     #
-    # This method returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    # Output:
     #
-    # If called with a block, yields each fragment of the
-    # entity body in turn as a string as it is read from
-    # the socket.  Note that in this case, the returned response
-    # object will *not* contain a (meaningful) body.
+    #   "{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false\n}"
     #
-    # +dest+ argument is obsolete.
-    # It still works but you must not use it.
+    # With no block given, simply returns the response object:
     #
-    # This method never raises an exception.
+    #   http.get('/') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
     #
-    #     response = http.get('/index.html')
+    # Related:
     #
-    #     # using block
-    #     File.open('result.txt', 'w') {|f|
-    #       http.get('/~foo/') do |str|
-    #         f.write str
-    #       end
-    #     }
+    # - Net::HTTP::Get: request class for \HTTP method GET.
+    # - Net::HTTP.get: sends GET request, returns response body.
     #
     def get(path, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
       res = nil
+
       request(Get.new(path, initheader)) {|r|
         r.read_body dest, &block
         res = r
@@ -1332,198 +1921,312 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       res
     end
 
-    # Gets only the header from +path+ on the connected-to host.
-    # +header+ is a Hash like { 'Accept' => '*/*', ... }.
+    # Sends a HEAD request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
     #
-    # This method returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Head object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+:
     #
-    # This method never raises an exception.
-    #
-    #     response = nil
-    #     Net::HTTP.start('some.www.server', 80) {|http|
-    #       response = http.head('/index.html')
-    #     }
-    #     p response['content-type']
+    #   res = http.head('/todos/1') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #   res.body                    # => nil
+    #   res.to_hash.take(3)
+    #   # =>
+    #   [["date", ["Wed, 15 Feb 2023 15:25:42 GMT"]],
+    #    ["content-type", ["application/json; charset=utf-8"]],
+    #    ["connection", ["close"]]]
     #
     def head(path, initheader = nil)
       request(Head.new(path, initheader))
     end
 
-    # Posts +data+ (must be a String) to +path+. +header+ must be a Hash
-    # like { 'Accept' => '*/*', ... }.
+    # :call-seq:
+    #    post(path, data, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }
     #
-    # This method returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a POST request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
     #
-    # If called with a block, yields each fragment of the
-    # entity body in turn as a string as it is read from
-    # the socket.  Note that in this case, the returned response
-    # object will *not* contain a (meaningful) body.
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Post object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
     #
-    # +dest+ argument is obsolete.
-    # It still works but you must not use it.
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body:
     #
-    # This method never raises exception.
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.post('/todos', data) do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   "{\n  \"{\\\"userId\\\": 1, \\\"id\\\": 1, \\\"title\\\": \\\"delectus aut autem\\\", \\\"completed\\\": false}\": \"\",\n  \"id\": 201\n}"
+    #
+    # With no block given, simply returns the response object:
     #
-    #     response = http.post('/cgi-bin/search.rb', 'query=foo')
+    #   http.post('/todos', data) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
     #
-    #     # using block
-    #     File.open('result.txt', 'w') {|f|
-    #       http.post('/cgi-bin/search.rb', 'query=foo') do |str|
-    #         f.write str
-    #       end
-    #     }
+    # Related:
     #
-    # You should set Content-Type: header field for POST.
-    # If no Content-Type: field given, this method uses
-    # "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" by default.
+    # - Net::HTTP::Post: request class for \HTTP method POST.
+    # - Net::HTTP.post: sends POST request, returns response body.
     #
     def post(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
       send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, Post, &block)
     end
 
-    # Sends a PATCH request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # :call-seq:
+    #    patch(path, data, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }
+    #
+    # Sends a PATCH request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Patch object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body:
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.patch('/todos/1', data) do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   "{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false,\n  \"{\\\"userId\\\": 1, \\\"id\\\": 1, \\\"title\\\": \\\"delectus aut autem\\\", \\\"completed\\\": false}\": \"\"\n}"
+    #
+    # With no block given, simply returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http.patch('/todos/1', data) # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
     def patch(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
       send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, Patch, &block)
     end
 
-    def put(path, data, initheader = nil)   #:nodoc:
+    # Sends a PUT request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Put object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.put('/todos/1', data) # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    def put(path, data, initheader = nil)
       request(Put.new(path, initheader), data)
     end
 
-    # Sends a PROPPATCH request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a PROPPATCH request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Proppatch object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.proppatch('/todos/1', data)
+    #
     def proppatch(path, body, initheader = nil)
       request(Proppatch.new(path, initheader), body)
     end
 
-    # Sends a LOCK request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a LOCK request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Lock object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.lock('/todos/1', data)
+    #
     def lock(path, body, initheader = nil)
       request(Lock.new(path, initheader), body)
     end
 
-    # Sends a UNLOCK request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends an UNLOCK request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Unlock object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.unlock('/todos/1', data)
+    #
     def unlock(path, body, initheader = nil)
       request(Unlock.new(path, initheader), body)
     end
 
-    # Sends a OPTIONS request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends an Options request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Options object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.options('/')
+    #
     def options(path, initheader = nil)
       request(Options.new(path, initheader))
     end
 
-    # Sends a PROPFIND request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a PROPFIND request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Propfind object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.propfind('/todos/1', data)
+    #
     def propfind(path, body = nil, initheader = {'Depth' => '0'})
       request(Propfind.new(path, initheader), body)
     end
 
-    # Sends a DELETE request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a DELETE request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Delete object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.delete('/todos/1')
+    #
     def delete(path, initheader = {'Depth' => 'Infinity'})
       request(Delete.new(path, initheader))
     end
 
-    # Sends a MOVE request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a MOVE request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Move object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.move('/todos/1')
+    #
     def move(path, initheader = nil)
       request(Move.new(path, initheader))
     end
 
-    # Sends a COPY request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a COPY request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Copy object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.copy('/todos/1')
+    #
     def copy(path, initheader = nil)
       request(Copy.new(path, initheader))
     end
 
-    # Sends a MKCOL request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a MKCOL request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Mkcol object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http.mkcol('/todos/1', data)
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #
     def mkcol(path, body = nil, initheader = nil)
       request(Mkcol.new(path, initheader), body)
     end
 
-    # Sends a TRACE request to the +path+ and gets a response,
-    # as an HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a TRACE request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Trace object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.trace('/todos/1')
+    #
     def trace(path, initheader = nil)
       request(Trace.new(path, initheader))
     end
 
-    # Sends a GET request to the +path+.
-    # Returns the response as a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    # Sends a GET request to the server;
+    # forms the response into a Net::HTTPResponse object.
     #
-    # When called with a block, passes an HTTPResponse object to the block.
-    # The body of the response will not have been read yet;
-    # the block can process it using HTTPResponse#read_body,
-    # if desired.
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Get object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
     #
-    # Returns the response.
+    # With no block given, returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.request_get('/todos') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
     #
-    # This method never raises Net::* exceptions.
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response object
+    # and returns the response object:
     #
-    #     response = http.request_get('/index.html')
-    #     # The entity body is already read in this case.
-    #     p response['content-type']
-    #     puts response.body
+    #   http.request_get('/todos') do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
     #
-    #     # Using a block
-    #     http.request_get('/index.html') {|response|
-    #       p response['content-type']
-    #       response.read_body do |str|   # read body now
-    #         print str
-    #       end
-    #     }
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=false>
     #
     def request_get(path, initheader = nil, &block) # :yield: +response+
       request(Get.new(path, initheader), &block)
     end
 
-    # Sends a HEAD request to the +path+ and returns the response
-    # as a Net::HTTPResponse object.
-    #
-    # Returns the response.
+    # Sends a HEAD request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
     #
-    # This method never raises Net::* exceptions.
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Head object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
     #
-    #     response = http.request_head('/index.html')
-    #     p response['content-type']
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.head('/todos/1') # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
     #
     def request_head(path, initheader = nil, &block)
       request(Head.new(path, initheader), &block)
     end
 
-    # Sends a POST request to the +path+.
+    # Sends a POST request to the server;
+    # forms the response into a Net::HTTPResponse object.
     #
-    # Returns the response as a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Post object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
     #
-    # When called with a block, the block is passed an HTTPResponse
-    # object.  The body of that response will not have been read yet;
-    # the block can process it using HTTPResponse#read_body, if desired.
+    # With no block given, returns the response object:
     #
-    # Returns the response.
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.post('/todos', 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body
+    # and returns the response object:
     #
-    # This method never raises Net::* exceptions.
+    #   http.post('/todos', 'xyzzy') do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
     #
-    #     # example
-    #     response = http.request_post('/cgi-bin/nice.rb', 'datadatadata...')
-    #     p response.status
-    #     puts response.body          # body is already read in this case
+    # Output:
     #
-    #     # using block
-    #     http.request_post('/cgi-bin/nice.rb', 'datadatadata...') {|response|
-    #       p response.status
-    #       p response['content-type']
-    #       response.read_body do |str|   # read body now
-    #         print str
-    #       end
-    #     }
+    #   "{\n  \"xyzzy\": \"\",\n  \"id\": 201\n}"
     #
     def request_post(path, data, initheader = nil, &block) # :yield: +response+
       request Post.new(path, initheader), data, &block
     end
 
+    # Sends a PUT request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTP::Put object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.put('/todos/1', 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
     def request_put(path, data, initheader = nil, &block)   #:nodoc:
       request Put.new(path, initheader), data, &block
     end
@@ -1533,16 +2236,25 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
     alias post2  request_post   #:nodoc: obsolete
     alias put2   request_put    #:nodoc: obsolete
 
-
-    # Sends an HTTP request to the HTTP server.
-    # Also sends a DATA string if +data+ is given.
+    # Sends an \HTTP request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Net::HTTPResponse.
     #
-    # Returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    # The request is based on the Net::HTTPRequest object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +header+.
+    # That object is an instance of the
+    # {subclass of Net::HTTPRequest}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Subclasses],
+    # that corresponds to the given uppercase string +name+,
+    # which must be
+    # an {HTTP request method}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP#Request_methods]
+    # or a {WebDAV request method}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAV#Implementation].
     #
-    # This method never raises Net::* exceptions.
+    # Examples:
     #
-    #    response = http.send_request('GET', '/index.html')
-    #    puts response.body
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.send_request('GET', '/todos/1')
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #   http.send_request('POST', '/todos', 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
     #
     def send_request(name, path, data = nil, header = nil)
       has_response_body = name != 'HEAD'
@@ -1550,20 +2262,35 @@ module Net   #:nodoc:
       request r, data
     end
 
-    # Sends an HTTPRequest object +req+ to the HTTP server.
+    # Sends the given request +req+ to the server;
+    # forms the response into a Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    #
+    # The given +req+ must be an instance of a
+    # {subclass of Net::HTTPRequest}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Subclasses].
+    # Argument +body+ should be given only if needed for the request.
+    #
+    # With no block given, returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #
+    #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/todos/1')
+    #   http.request(req)
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new('/todos')
+    #   http.request(req, 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
     #
-    # If +req+ is a Net::HTTP::Post or Net::HTTP::Put request containing
-    # data, the data is also sent. Providing data for a Net::HTTP::Head or
-    # Net::HTTP::Get request results in an ArgumentError.
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response and returns the response:
     #
-    # Returns an HTTPResponse object.
+    #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/todos/1')
+    #   http.request(req) do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
     #
-    # When called with a block, passes an HTTPResponse object to the block.
-    # The body of the response will not have been read yet;
-    # the block can process it using HTTPResponse#read_body,
-    # if desired.
+    # Output:
     #
-    # This method never raises Net::* exceptions.
+    #   #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=false>
     #
     def request(req, body = nil, &block)  # :yield: +response+
       unless started?
diff --git a/lib/net/http/backward.rb b/lib/net/http/backward.rb
index 691e41e4f1..b44577edbd 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/backward.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/backward.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # for backward compatibility
 
 # :enddoc:
diff --git a/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb b/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb
index 9c425cae16..ceec8f7b0a 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Net
   # Net::HTTP exception class.
   # You cannot use Net::HTTPExceptions directly; instead, you must use
diff --git a/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb b/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb
index 313de6ac92..44e329a0c8 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb
@@ -1,24 +1,29 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-# HTTPGenericRequest is the parent of the Net::HTTPRequest class.
-# Do not use this directly; use a subclass of Net::HTTPRequest.
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 #
-# Mixes in the Net::HTTPHeader module to provide easier access to HTTP headers.
+# \HTTPGenericRequest is the parent of the Net::HTTPRequest class.
+#
+# Do not use this directly; instead, use a subclass of Net::HTTPRequest.
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
 #
 class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
 
   include Net::HTTPHeader
 
-  def initialize(m, reqbody, resbody, uri_or_path, initheader = nil)
+  def initialize(m, reqbody, resbody, uri_or_path, initheader = nil) # :nodoc:
     @method = m
     @request_has_body = reqbody
     @response_has_body = resbody
 
     if URI === uri_or_path then
       raise ArgumentError, "not an HTTP URI" unless URI::HTTP === uri_or_path
-      raise ArgumentError, "no host component for URI" unless uri_or_path.hostname
+      hostname = uri_or_path.hostname
+      raise ArgumentError, "no host component for URI" unless (hostname && hostname.length > 0)
       @uri = uri_or_path.dup
       host = @uri.hostname.dup
-      host << ":".freeze << @uri.port.to_s if @uri.port != @uri.default_port
+      host << ":" << @uri.port.to_s if @uri.port != @uri.default_port
       @path = uri_or_path.request_uri
       raise ArgumentError, "no HTTP request path given" unless @path
     else
@@ -52,15 +57,47 @@ class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
     @body_data = nil
   end
 
+  # Returns the string method name for the request:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).method  # => "GET"
+  #   Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).method # => "POST"
+  #
   attr_reader :method
+
+  # Returns the string path for the request:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).path # => "/"
+  #   Net::HTTP::Post.new('example.com').path # => "example.com"
+  #
   attr_reader :path
+
+  # Returns the URI object for the request, or +nil+ if none:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).uri
+  #   # => #<URI::HTTPS https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/>
+  #   Net::HTTP::Get.new('example.com').uri # => nil
+  #
   attr_reader :uri
 
-  # Automatically set to false if the user sets the Accept-Encoding header.
-  # This indicates they wish to handle Content-encoding in responses
-  # themselves.
+  # Returns +false+ if the request's header <tt>'Accept-Encoding'</tt>
+  # has been set manually or deleted
+  # (indicating that the user intends to handle encoding in the response),
+  # +true+ otherwise:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+  #   req['Accept-Encoding']        # => "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"
+  #   req.decode_content            # => true
+  #   req['Accept-Encoding'] = 'foo'
+  #   req.decode_content            # => false
+  #   req.delete('Accept-Encoding')
+  #   req.decode_content            # => false
+  #
   attr_reader :decode_content
 
+  # Returns a string representation of the request:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).inspect # => "#<Net::HTTP::Post POST>"
+  #
   def inspect
     "\#<#{self.class} #{@method}>"
   end
@@ -75,21 +112,45 @@ class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
     super key, val
   end
 
+  # Returns whether the request may have a body:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).request_body_permitted? # => true
+  #   Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).request_body_permitted?  # => false
+  #
   def request_body_permitted?
     @request_has_body
   end
 
+  # Returns whether the response may have a body:
+  #
+  #   Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).response_body_permitted? # => true
+  #   Net::HTTP::Head.new(uri).response_body_permitted? # => false
+  #
   def response_body_permitted?
     @response_has_body
   end
 
-  def body_exist?
+  def body_exist? # :nodoc:
     warn "Net::HTTPRequest#body_exist? is obsolete; use response_body_permitted?", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
     response_body_permitted?
   end
 
+  # Returns the string body for the request, or +nil+ if there is none:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
+  #   req.body # => nil
+  #   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+  #   req.body # => "{\"title\": \"foo\",\"body\": \"bar\",\"userId\": 1}"
+  #
   attr_reader :body
 
+  # Sets the body for the request:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
+  #   req.body # => nil
+  #   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+  #   req.body # => "{\"title\": \"foo\",\"body\": \"bar\",\"userId\": 1}"
+  #
   def body=(str)
     @body = str
     @body_stream = nil
@@ -97,8 +158,24 @@ class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
     str
   end
 
+  # Returns the body stream object for the request, or +nil+ if there is none:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)          # => #<Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => nil
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   req.body_stream = StringIO.new('xyzzy') # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #
   attr_reader :body_stream
 
+  # Sets the body stream for the request:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)          # => #<Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => nil
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   req.body_stream = StringIO.new('xyzzy') # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #
   def body_stream=(input)
     @body = nil
     @body_stream = input
@@ -135,15 +212,15 @@ class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
     return unless @uri
 
     if ssl
-      scheme = 'https'.freeze
+      scheme = 'https'
       klass = URI::HTTPS
     else
-      scheme = 'http'.freeze
+      scheme = 'http'
       klass = URI::HTTP
     end
 
     if host = self['host']
-      host.sub!(/:.*/m, ''.freeze)
+      host.sub!(/:.*/m, '')
     elsif host = @uri.host
     else
      host = addr
@@ -239,7 +316,7 @@ class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
     boundary ||= SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(40)
     chunked_p = chunked?
 
-    buf = ''
+    buf = +''
     params.each do |key, value, h={}|
       key = quote_string(key, charset)
       filename =
@@ -324,7 +401,7 @@ class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
     if /[\r\n]/ =~ reqline
       raise ArgumentError, "A Request-Line must not contain CR or LF"
     end
-    buf = ""
+    buf = +''
     buf << reqline << "\r\n"
     each_capitalized do |k,v|
       buf << "#{k}: #{v}\r\n"
diff --git a/lib/net/http/header.rb b/lib/net/http/header.rb
index b0ec4b0625..6660c8075a 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/header.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/header.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,188 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-# The HTTPHeader module defines methods for reading and writing
-# HTTP headers.
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 #
-# It is used as a mixin by other classes, to provide hash-like
-# access to HTTP header values. Unlike raw hash access, HTTPHeader
-# provides access via case-insensitive keys. It also provides
-# methods for accessing commonly-used HTTP header values in more
-# convenient formats.
+# The \HTTPHeader module provides access to \HTTP headers.
+#
+# The module is included in:
+#
+# - Net::HTTPGenericRequest (and therefore Net::HTTPRequest).
+# - Net::HTTPResponse.
+#
+# The headers are a hash-like collection of key/value pairs called _fields_.
+#
+# == Request and Response Fields
+#
+# Headers may be included in:
+#
+# - A Net::HTTPRequest object:
+#   the object's headers will be sent with the request.
+#   Any fields may be defined in the request;
+#   see {Setters}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Setters].
+# - A Net::HTTPResponse object:
+#   the objects headers are usually those returned from the host.
+#   Fields may be retrieved from the object;
+#   see {Getters}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Getters]
+#   and {Iterators}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Iterators].
+#
+# Exactly which fields should be sent or expected depends on the host;
+# see:
+#
+# - {Request fields}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Request_fields].
+# - {Response fields}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Response_fields].
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+#
+# == Fields
+#
+# A header field is a key/value pair.
+#
+# === Field Keys
+#
+# A field key may be:
+#
+# - A string: Key <tt>'Accept'</tt> is treated as if it were
+#   <tt>'Accept'.downcase</tt>;  i.e., <tt>'accept'</tt>.
+# - A symbol: Key <tt>:Accept</tt> is treated as if it were
+#   <tt>:Accept.to_s.downcase</tt>;  i.e., <tt>'accept'</tt>.
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+#   req[:accept]  # => "*/*"
+#   req['Accept'] # => "*/*"
+#   req['ACCEPT'] # => "*/*"
+#
+#   req['accept'] = 'text/html'
+#   req[:accept] = 'text/html'
+#   req['ACCEPT'] = 'text/html'
+#
+# === Field Values
+#
+# A field value may be returned as an array of strings or as a string:
+#
+# - These methods return field values as arrays:
+#
+#   - #get_fields: Returns the array value for the given key,
+#     or +nil+ if it does not exist.
+#   - #to_hash: Returns a hash of all header fields:
+#     each key is a field name; its value is the array value for the field.
+#
+# - These methods return field values as string;
+#   the string value for a field is equivalent to
+#   <tt>self[key.downcase.to_s].join(', '))</tt>:
+#
+#   - #[]: Returns the string value for the given key,
+#     or +nil+ if it does not exist.
+#   - #fetch: Like #[], but accepts a default value
+#     to be returned if the key does not exist.
+#
+# The field value may be set:
+#
+# - #[]=: Sets the value for the given key;
+#   the given value may be a string, a symbol, an array, or a hash.
+# - #add_field: Adds a given value to a value for the given key
+#   (not overwriting the existing value).
+# - #delete: Deletes the field for the given key.
+#
+# Example field values:
+#
+# - \String:
+#
+#     req['Accept'] = 'text/html' # => "text/html"
+#     req['Accept']               # => "text/html"
+#     req.get_fields('Accept')    # => ["text/html"]
+#
+# - \Symbol:
+#
+#     req['Accept'] = :text    # => :text
+#     req['Accept']            # => "text"
+#     req.get_fields('Accept') # => ["text"]
+#
+# - Simple array:
+#
+#     req[:foo] = %w[bar baz bat]
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat"]
+#
+# - Simple hash:
+#
+#     req[:foo] = {bar: 0, baz: 1, bat: 2}
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, 0, baz, 1, bat, 2"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "0", "baz", "1", "bat", "2"]
+#
+# - Nested:
+#
+#     req[:foo] = [%w[bar baz], {bat: 0, bam: 1}]
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat, 0, bam, 1"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat", "0", "bam", "1"]
+#
+#     req[:foo] = {bar: %w[baz bat], bam: {bah: 0, bad: 1}}
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat, bam, bah, 0, bad, 1"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat", "bam", "bah", "0", "bad", "1"]
+#
+# == Convenience Methods
+#
+# Various convenience methods retrieve values, set values, query values,
+# set form values, or iterate over fields.
+#
+# === Setters
+#
+# \Method #[]= can set any field, but does little to validate the new value;
+# some of the other setter methods provide some validation:
+#
+# - #[]=: Sets the string or array value for the given key.
+# - #add_field: Creates or adds to the array value for the given key.
+# - #basic_auth: Sets the string authorization header for <tt>'Authorization'</tt>.
+# - #content_length=: Sets the integer length for field <tt>'Content-Length</tt>.
+# - #content_type=: Sets the string value for field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #proxy_basic_auth: Sets the string authorization header for <tt>'Proxy-Authorization'</tt>.
+# - #set_range: Sets the value for field <tt>'Range'</tt>.
+#
+# === Form Setters
+#
+# - #set_form: Sets an HTML form data set.
+# - #set_form_data: Sets header fields and a body from HTML form data.
+#
+# === Getters
+#
+# \Method #[] can retrieve the value of any field that exists,
+# but always as a string;
+# some of the other getter methods return something different
+# from the simple string value:
+#
+# - #[]: Returns the string field value for the given key.
+# - #content_length: Returns the integer value of field <tt>'Content-Length'</tt>.
+# - #content_range: Returns the Range value of field <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>.
+# - #content_type: Returns the string value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #fetch: Returns the string field value for the given key.
+# - #get_fields: Returns the array field value for the given +key+.
+# - #main_type: Returns first part of the string value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #sub_type: Returns second part of the string value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #range: Returns an array of Range objects of field <tt>'Range'</tt>, or +nil+.
+# - #range_length: Returns the integer length of the range given in field <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>.
+# - #type_params: Returns the string parameters for <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+#
+# === Queries
+#
+# - #chunked?: Returns whether field <tt>'Transfer-Encoding'</tt> is set to <tt>'chunked'</tt>.
+# - #connection_close?: Returns whether field <tt>'Connection'</tt> is set to <tt>'close'</tt>.
+# - #connection_keep_alive?: Returns whether field <tt>'Connection'</tt> is set to <tt>'keep-alive'</tt>.
+# - #key?: Returns whether a given key exists.
+#
+# === Iterators
+#
+# - #each_capitalized: Passes each field capitalized-name/value pair to the block.
+# - #each_capitalized_name: Passes each capitalized field name to the block.
+# - #each_header: Passes each field name/value pair to the block.
+# - #each_name: Passes each field name to the block.
+# - #each_value: Passes each string field value to the block.
 #
 module Net::HTTPHeader
+  MAX_KEY_LENGTH = 1024
+  MAX_FIELD_LENGTH = 65536
 
-  def initialize_http_header(initheader)
+  def initialize_http_header(initheader) #:nodoc:
     @header = {}
     return unless initheader
     initheader.each do |key, value|
@@ -19,6 +191,12 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
         warn "net/http: nil HTTP header: #{key}", uplevel: 3 if $VERBOSE
       else
         value = value.strip # raise error for invalid byte sequences
+        if key.to_s.bytesize > MAX_KEY_LENGTH
+          raise ArgumentError, "too long (#{key.bytesize} bytes) header: #{key[0, 30].inspect}..."
+        end
+        if value.to_s.bytesize > MAX_FIELD_LENGTH
+          raise ArgumentError, "header #{key} has too long field value: #{value.bytesize}"
+        end
         if value.count("\r\n") > 0
           raise ArgumentError, "header #{key} has field value #{value.inspect}, this cannot include CR/LF"
         end
@@ -33,14 +211,32 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
 
   alias length size   #:nodoc: obsolete
 
-  # Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
-  # For example, a key of "Content-Type" might return "text/html"
+  # Returns the string field value for the case-insensitive field +key+,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such key;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Connection'] # => "keep-alive"
+  #   res['Nosuch']     # => nil
+  #
+  # Note that some field values may be retrieved via convenience methods;
+  # see {Getters}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Getters].
   def [](key)
     a = @header[key.downcase.to_s] or return nil
     a.join(', ')
   end
 
-  # Sets the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
+  # Sets the value for the case-insensitive +key+ to +val+,
+  # overwriting the previous value if the field exists;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req['Accept'] # => "*/*"
+  #   req['Accept'] = 'text/html'
+  #   req['Accept'] # => "text/html"
+  #
+  # Note that some field values may be set via convenience methods;
+  # see {Setters}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Setters].
   def []=(key, val)
     unless val
       @header.delete key.downcase.to_s
@@ -49,20 +245,18 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     set_field(key, val)
   end
 
-  # [Ruby 1.8.3]
-  # Adds a value to a named header field, instead of replacing its value.
-  # Second argument +val+ must be a String.
-  # See also #[]=, #[] and #get_fields.
+  # Adds value +val+ to the value array for field +key+ if the field exists;
+  # creates the field with the given +key+ and +val+ if it does not exist.
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
   #
-  #   request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'a'
-  #   p request['X-My-Header']              #=> "a"
-  #   p request.get_fields('X-My-Header')   #=> ["a"]
-  #   request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'b'
-  #   p request['X-My-Header']              #=> "a, b"
-  #   p request.get_fields('X-My-Header')   #=> ["a", "b"]
-  #   request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'c'
-  #   p request['X-My-Header']              #=> "a, b, c"
-  #   p request.get_fields('X-My-Header')   #=> ["a", "b", "c"]
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.add_field('Foo', 'bar')
+  #   req['Foo']            # => "bar"
+  #   req.add_field('Foo', 'baz')
+  #   req['Foo']            # => "bar, baz"
+  #   req.add_field('Foo', %w[baz bam])
+  #   req['Foo']            # => "bar, baz, baz, bam"
+  #   req.get_fields('Foo') # => ["bar", "baz", "baz", "bam"]
   #
   def add_field(key, val)
     stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
@@ -101,16 +295,13 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     end
   end
 
-  # [Ruby 1.8.3]
-  # Returns an array of header field strings corresponding to the
-  # case-insensitive +key+.  This method allows you to get duplicated
-  # header fields without any processing.  See also #[].
+  # Returns the array field value for the given +key+,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such field;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
   #
-  #   p response.get_fields('Set-Cookie')
-  #     #=> ["session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23",
-  #          "query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"]
-  #   p response['Set-Cookie']
-  #     #=> "session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23, query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.get_fields('Connection') # => ["keep-alive"]
+  #   res.get_fields('Nosuch')     # => nil
   #
   def get_fields(key)
     stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
@@ -118,24 +309,58 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     @header[stringified_downcased_key].dup
   end
 
-  # Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
-  # Returns the default value +args+, or the result of the block, or
-  # raises an IndexError if there's no header field named +key+
-  # See Hash#fetch
+  # call-seq:
+  #   fetch(key, default_val = nil) {|key| ... } -> object
+  #   fetch(key, default_val = nil) -> value or default_val
+  #
+  # With a block, returns the string value for +key+ if it exists;
+  # otherwise returns the value of the block;
+  # ignores the +default_val+;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #
+  #   # Field exists; block not called.
+  #   res.fetch('Connection') do |value|
+  #     fail 'Cannot happen'
+  #   end # => "keep-alive"
+  #
+  #   # Field does not exist; block called.
+  #   res.fetch('Nosuch') do |value|
+  #     value.downcase
+  #   end # => "nosuch"
+  #
+  # With no block, returns the string value for +key+ if it exists;
+  # otherwise, returns +default_val+ if it was given;
+  # otherwise raises an exception:
+  #
+  #   res.fetch('Connection', 'Foo') # => "keep-alive"
+  #   res.fetch('Nosuch', 'Foo')     # => "Foo"
+  #   res.fetch('Nosuch')            # Raises KeyError.
+  #
   def fetch(key, *args, &block)   #:yield: +key+
     a = @header.fetch(key.downcase.to_s, *args, &block)
     a.kind_of?(Array) ? a.join(', ') : a
   end
 
-  # Iterates through the header names and values, passing in the name
-  # and value to the code block supplied.
+  # Calls the block with each key/value pair:
   #
-  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_header do |key, value|
+  #     p [key, value] if key.start_with?('c')
+  #   end
   #
-  # Example:
+  # Output:
   #
-  #     response.header.each_header {|key,value| puts "#{key} = #{value}" }
+  #   ["content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8"]
+  #   ["connection", "keep-alive"]
+  #   ["cache-control", "max-age=43200"]
+  #   ["cf-cache-status", "HIT"]
+  #   ["cf-ray", "771d17e9bc542cf5-ORD"]
   #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  #
+  # Net::HTTPHeader#each is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#each_header.
   def each_header   #:yield: +key+, +value+
     block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
     @header.each do |k,va|
@@ -145,10 +370,24 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
 
   alias each each_header
 
-  # Iterates through the header names in the header, passing
-  # each header name to the code block.
+  # Calls the block with each field key:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_key do |key|
+  #     p key if key.start_with?('c')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   "content-type"
+  #   "connection"
+  #   "cache-control"
+  #   "cf-cache-status"
+  #   "cf-ray"
   #
   # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  #
+  # Net::HTTPHeader#each_name is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#each_key.
   def each_name(&block)   #:yield: +key+
     block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
     @header.each_key(&block)
@@ -156,12 +395,23 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
 
   alias each_key each_name
 
-  # Iterates through the header names in the header, passing
-  # capitalized header names to the code block.
+  # Calls the block with each capitalized field name:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_capitalized_name do |key|
+  #     p key if key.start_with?('C')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
   #
-  # Note that header names are capitalized systematically;
-  # capitalization may not match that used by the remote HTTP
-  # server in its response.
+  #   "Content-Type"
+  #   "Connection"
+  #   "Cache-Control"
+  #   "Cf-Cache-Status"
+  #   "Cf-Ray"
+  #
+  # The capitalization is system-dependent;
+  # see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc].
   #
   # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
   def each_capitalized_name  #:yield: +key+
@@ -171,8 +421,18 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     end
   end
 
-  # Iterates through header values, passing each value to the
-  # code block.
+  # Calls the block with each string field value:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_value do |value|
+  #     p value if value.start_with?('c')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   "chunked"
+  #   "cf-q-config;dur=6.0000002122251e-06"
+  #   "cloudflare"
   #
   # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
   def each_value   #:yield: +value+
@@ -182,32 +442,45 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     end
   end
 
-  # Removes a header field, specified by case-insensitive key.
+  # Removes the header for the given case-insensitive +key+
+  # (see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]);
+  # returns the deleted value, or +nil+ if no such field exists:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.delete('Accept') # => ["*/*"]
+  #   req.delete('Nosuch') # => nil
+  #
   def delete(key)
     @header.delete(key.downcase.to_s)
   end
 
-  # true if +key+ header exists.
+  # Returns +true+ if the field for the case-insensitive +key+ exists, +false+ otherwise:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.key?('Accept') # => true
+  #   req.key?('Nosuch') # => false
+  #
   def key?(key)
     @header.key?(key.downcase.to_s)
   end
 
-  # Returns a Hash consisting of header names and array of values.
-  # e.g.
-  # {"cache-control" => ["private"],
-  #  "content-type" => ["text/html"],
-  #  "date" => ["Wed, 22 Jun 2005 22:11:50 GMT"]}
+  # Returns a hash of the key/value pairs:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.to_hash
+  #   # =>
+  #   {"accept-encoding"=>["gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"],
+  #    "accept"=>["*/*"],
+  #    "user-agent"=>["Ruby"],
+  #    "host"=>["jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"]}
+  #
   def to_hash
     @header.dup
   end
 
-  # As for #each_header, except the keys are provided in capitalized form.
+  # Like #each_header, but the keys are returned in capitalized form.
   #
-  # Note that header names are capitalized systematically;
-  # capitalization may not match that used by the remote HTTP
-  # server in its response.
-  #
-  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  # Net::HTTPHeader#canonical_each is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#each_capitalized.
   def each_capitalized
     block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
     @header.each do |k,v|
@@ -222,8 +495,17 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
   end
   private :capitalize
 
-  # Returns an Array of Range objects which represent the Range:
-  # HTTP header field, or +nil+ if there is no such header.
+  # Returns an array of Range objects that represent
+  # the value of field <tt>'Range'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such field;
+  # see {Range request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#range-request-header]:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req['Range'] = 'bytes=0-99,200-299,400-499'
+  #   req.range # => [0..99, 200..299, 400..499]
+  #   req.delete('Range')
+  #   req.range # # => nil
+  #
   def range
     return nil unless @header['range']
 
@@ -266,14 +548,31 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     result
   end
 
-  # Sets the HTTP Range: header.
-  # Accepts either a Range object as a single argument,
-  # or a beginning index and a length from that index.
-  # Example:
+  # call-seq:
+  #   set_range(length) -> length
+  #   set_range(offset, length) -> range
+  #   set_range(begin..length) -> range
+  #
+  # Sets the value for field <tt>'Range'</tt>;
+  # see {Range request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#range-request-header]:
+  #
+  # With argument +length+:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.set_range(100)      # => 100
+  #   req['Range']            # => "bytes=0-99"
   #
-  #   req.range = (0..1023)
-  #   req.set_range 0, 1023
+  # With arguments +offset+ and +length+:
   #
+  #   req.set_range(100, 100) # => 100...200
+  #   req['Range']            # => "bytes=100-199"
+  #
+  # With argument +range+:
+  #
+  #   req.set_range(100..199) # => 100..199
+  #   req['Range']            # => "bytes=100-199"
+  #
+  # Net::HTTPHeader#range= is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#set_range.
   def set_range(r, e = nil)
     unless r
       @header.delete 'range'
@@ -305,8 +604,15 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
 
   alias range= set_range
 
-  # Returns an Integer object which represents the HTTP Content-Length:
-  # header field, or +nil+ if that field was not provided.
+  # Returns the value of field <tt>'Content-Length'</tt> as an integer,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such field;
+  # see {Content-Length request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-length-request-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch/1')
+  #   res.content_length # => 2
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.content_length # => nil
+  #
   def content_length
     return nil unless key?('Content-Length')
     len = self['Content-Length'].slice(/\d+/) or
@@ -314,6 +620,20 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     len.to_i
   end
 
+  # Sets the value of field <tt>'Content-Length'</tt> to the given numeric;
+  # see {Content-Length response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-length-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   hostname = _uri.hostname           # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+  #   _uri.path = '/posts'               # => "/posts"
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(_uri)    # => #<Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+  #   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+  #   req.content_length = req.body.size # => 42
+  #   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     http.request(req)
+  #   end # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+  #
   def content_length=(len)
     unless len
       @header.delete 'content-length'
@@ -322,20 +642,31 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     @header['content-length'] = [len.to_i.to_s]
   end
 
-  # Returns "true" if the "transfer-encoding" header is present and
-  # set to "chunked".  This is an HTTP/1.1 feature, allowing
-  # the content to be sent in "chunks" without at the outset
-  # stating the entire content length.
+  # Returns +true+ if field <tt>'Transfer-Encoding'</tt>
+  # exists and has value <tt>'chunked'</tt>,
+  # +false+ otherwise;
+  # see {Transfer-Encoding response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#transfer-encoding-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Transfer-Encoding'] # => "chunked"
+  #   res.chunked?             # => true
+  #
   def chunked?
     return false unless @header['transfer-encoding']
     field = self['Transfer-Encoding']
     (/(?:\A|[^\-\w])chunked(?![\-\w])/i =~ field) ? true : false
   end
 
-  # Returns a Range object which represents the value of the Content-Range:
-  # header field.
-  # For a partial entity body, this indicates where this fragment
-  # fits inside the full entity body, as range of byte offsets.
+  # Returns a Range object representing the value of field
+  # <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>, or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Range response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-range-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Content-Range'] # => nil
+  #   res['Content-Range'] = 'bytes 0-499/1000'
+  #   res['Content-Range'] # => "bytes 0-499/1000"
+  #   res.content_range    # => 0..499
+  #
   def content_range
     return nil unless @header['content-range']
     m = %r<\A\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)-(\d+)/(\d+|\*)>.match(self['Content-Range']) or
@@ -344,32 +675,66 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     m[2].to_i .. m[3].to_i
   end
 
-  # The length of the range represented in Content-Range: header.
+  # Returns the integer representing length of the value of field
+  # <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>, or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Range response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-range-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Content-Range'] # => nil
+  #   res['Content-Range'] = 'bytes 0-499/1000'
+  #   res.range_length     # => 500
+  #
   def range_length
     r = content_range() or return nil
     r.end - r.begin + 1
   end
 
-  # Returns a content type string such as "text/html".
-  # This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
+  # Returns the {media type}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type]
+  # from the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.content_type    # => "application/json"
+  #
   def content_type
-    return nil unless main_type()
-    if sub_type()
-    then "#{main_type()}/#{sub_type()}"
-    else main_type()
+    main = main_type()
+    return nil unless main
+
+    sub = sub_type()
+    if sub
+      "#{main}/#{sub}"
+    else
+      main
     end
   end
 
-  # Returns a content type string such as "text".
-  # This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
+  # Returns the leading ('type') part of the
+  # {media type}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type]
+  # from the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.main_type       # => "application"
+  #
   def main_type
     return nil unless @header['content-type']
     self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')[0].to_s.strip
   end
 
-  # Returns a content type string such as "html".
-  # This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist
-  # or sub-type is not given (e.g. "Content-Type: text").
+  # Returns the trailing ('subtype') part of the
+  # {media type}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type]
+  # from the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.sub_type        # => "json"
+  #
   def sub_type
     return nil unless @header['content-type']
     _, sub = *self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')
@@ -377,9 +742,14 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     sub.strip
   end
 
-  # Any parameters specified for the content type, returned as a Hash.
-  # For example, a header of Content-Type: text/html; charset=EUC-JP
-  # would result in type_params returning {'charset' => 'EUC-JP'}
+  # Returns the trailing ('parameters') part of the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.type_params     # => {"charset"=>"utf-8"}
+  #
   def type_params
     result = {}
     list = self['Content-Type'].to_s.split(';')
@@ -391,29 +761,54 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     result
   end
 
-  # Sets the content type in an HTTP header.
-  # The +type+ should be a full HTTP content type, e.g. "text/html".
-  # The +params+ are an optional Hash of parameters to add after the
-  # content type, e.g. {'charset' => 'iso-8859-1'}
+  # Sets the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>;
+  # returns the new value;
+  # see {Content-Type request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-request-header]:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.set_content_type('application/json') # => ["application/json"]
+  #
+  # Net::HTTPHeader#content_type= is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#set_content_type.
   def set_content_type(type, params = {})
     @header['content-type'] = [type + params.map{|k,v|"; #{k}=#{v}"}.join('')]
   end
 
   alias content_type= set_content_type
 
-  # Set header fields and a body from HTML form data.
-  # +params+ should be an Array of Arrays or
-  # a Hash containing HTML form data.
-  # Optional argument +sep+ means data record separator.
+  # Sets the request body to a URL-encoded string derived from argument +params+,
+  # and sets request header field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>
+  # to <tt>'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'</tt>.
+  #
+  # The resulting request is suitable for HTTP request +POST+ or +PUT+.
+  #
+  # Argument +params+ must be suitable for use as argument +enum+ to
+  # {URI.encode_www_form}[rdoc-ref:URI.encode_www_form].
+  #
+  # With only argument +params+ given,
+  # sets the body to a URL-encoded string with the default separator <tt>'&'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new('example.com')
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data(q: 'ruby', lang: 'en')
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&lang=en"
+  #   req['Content-Type'] # => "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
   #
-  # Values are URL encoded as necessary and the content-type is set to
-  # application/x-www-form-urlencoded
+  #   req.set_form_data([['q', 'ruby'], ['lang', 'en']])
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&lang=en"
   #
-  # Example:
-  #    http.form_data = {"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}
-  #    http.form_data = {"q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en"}
-  #    http.set_form_data({"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}, ';')
+  #   req.set_form_data(q: ['ruby', 'perl'], lang: 'en')
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
   #
+  #   req.set_form_data([['q', 'ruby'], ['q', 'perl'], ['lang', 'en']])
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
+  #
+  # With string argument +sep+ also given,
+  # uses that string as the separator:
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data({q: 'ruby', lang: 'en'}, '|')
+  #   req.body # => "q=ruby|lang=en"
+  #
+  # Net::HTTPHeader#form_data= is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#set_form_data.
   def set_form_data(params, sep = '&')
     query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
     query.gsub!(/&/, sep) if sep != '&'
@@ -423,53 +818,108 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
 
   alias form_data= set_form_data
 
-  # Set an HTML form data set.
-  # +params+ :: The form data to set, which should be an enumerable.
-  #             See below for more details.
-  # +enctype+ :: The content type to use to encode the form submission,
-  #              which should be application/x-www-form-urlencoded or
-  #              multipart/form-data.
-  # +formopt+ :: An options hash, supporting the following options:
-  #              :boundary :: The boundary of the multipart message. If
-  #                           not given, a random boundary will be used.
-  #              :charset :: The charset of the form submission. All
-  #                          field names and values of non-file fields
-  #                          should be encoded with this charset.
-  #
-  # Each item of params should respond to +each+ and yield 2-3 arguments,
-  # or an array of 2-3 elements. The arguments yielded should be:
-  #  * The name of the field.
-  #  * The value of the field, it should be a String or a File or IO-like.
-  #  * An options hash, supporting the following options, only
-  #    used for file uploads:
-  #    :filename :: The name of the file to use.
-  #    :content_type :: The content type of the uploaded file.
-  #
-  # Each item is a file field or a normal field.
-  # If +value+ is a File object or the +opt+ hash has a :filename key,
-  # the item is treated as a file field.
-  #
-  # If Transfer-Encoding is set as chunked, this sends the request using
-  # chunked encoding. Because chunked encoding is HTTP/1.1 feature,
-  # you should confirm that the server supports HTTP/1.1 before using
-  # chunked encoding.
-  #
-  # Example:
-  #    req.set_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])
-  #
-  #    req.set_form({"f"=>File.open('/path/to/filename')},
-  #                 "multipart/form-data",
-  #                 charset: "UTF-8",
-  #    )
-  #
-  #    req.set_form([["f",
-  #                   File.open('/path/to/filename.bar'),
-  #                   {filename: "other-filename.foo"}
-  #                 ]],
-  #                 "multipart/form-data",
-  #    )
-  #
-  # See also RFC 2388, RFC 2616, HTML 4.01, and HTML5
+  # Stores form data to be used in a +POST+ or +PUT+ request.
+  #
+  # The form data given in +params+ consists of zero or more fields;
+  # each field is:
+  #
+  # - A scalar value.
+  # - A name/value pair.
+  # - An IO stream opened for reading.
+  #
+  # Argument +params+ should be an
+  # {Enumerable}[rdoc-ref:Enumerable@Enumerable+in+Ruby+Classes]
+  # (method <tt>params.map</tt> will be called),
+  # and is often an array or hash.
+  #
+  # First, we set up a request:
+  #
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   _uri.path ='/posts'
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(_uri)
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +params+ As an Array</b>
+  #
+  # When +params+ is an array,
+  # each of its elements is a subarray that defines a field;
+  # the subarray may contain:
+  #
+  # - One string:
+  #
+  #     req.set_form([['foo'], ['bar'], ['baz']])
+  #
+  # - Two strings:
+  #
+  #     req.set_form([%w[foo 0], %w[bar 1], %w[baz 2]])
+  #
+  # - When argument +enctype+ (see below) is given as
+  #   <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   - A string name and an IO stream opened for reading:
+  #
+  #       require 'stringio'
+  #       req.set_form([['file', StringIO.new('Ruby is cool.')]])
+  #
+  #   - A string name, an IO stream opened for reading,
+  #     and an options hash, which may contain these entries:
+  #
+  #     - +:filename+: The name of the file to use.
+  #     - +:content_type+: The content type of the uploaded file.
+  #
+  #     Example:
+  #
+  #       req.set_form([['file', file, {filename: "other-filename.foo"}]]
+  #
+  # The various forms may be mixed:
+  #
+  #   req.set_form(['foo', %w[bar 1], ['file', file]])
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +params+ As a Hash</b>
+  #
+  # When +params+ is a hash,
+  # each of its entries is a name/value pair that defines a field:
+  #
+  # - The name is a string.
+  # - The value may be:
+  #
+  #   - +nil+.
+  #   - Another string.
+  #   - An IO stream opened for reading
+  #     (only when argument +enctype+ -- see below -- is given as
+  #     <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>).
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   # Nil-valued fields.
+  #   req.set_form({'foo' => nil, 'bar' => nil, 'baz' => nil})
+  #
+  #   # String-valued fields.
+  #   req.set_form({'foo' => 0, 'bar' => 1, 'baz' => 2})
+  #
+  #   # IO-valued field.
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   req.set_form({'file' => StringIO.new('Ruby is cool.')})
+  #
+  #   # Mixture of fields.
+  #   req.set_form({'foo' => nil, 'bar' => 1, 'file' => file})
+  #
+  # Optional argument +enctype+ specifies the value to be given
+  # to field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>, and must be one of:
+  #
+  # - <tt>'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'</tt> (the default).
+  # - <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>;
+  #   see {RFC 7578}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578].
+  #
+  # Optional argument +formopt+ is a hash of options
+  # (applicable only when argument +enctype+
+  # is <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>)
+  # that may include the following entries:
+  #
+  # - +:boundary+: The value is the boundary string for the multipart message.
+  #   If not given, the boundary is a random string.
+  #   See {Boundary}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578#section-4.1].
+  # - +:charset+: Value is the character set for the form submission.
+  #   Field names and values of non-file fields should be encoded with this charset.
   #
   def set_form(params, enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded', formopt={})
     @body_data = params
@@ -485,12 +935,24 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     end
   end
 
-  # Set the Authorization: header for "Basic" authorization.
+  # Sets header <tt>'Authorization'</tt> using the given
+  # +account+ and +password+ strings:
+  #
+  #   req.basic_auth('my_account', 'my_password')
+  #   req['Authorization']
+  #   # => "Basic bXlfYWNjb3VudDpteV9wYXNzd29yZA=="
+  #
   def basic_auth(account, password)
     @header['authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
   end
 
-  # Set Proxy-Authorization: header for "Basic" authorization.
+  # Sets header <tt>'Proxy-Authorization'</tt> using the given
+  # +account+ and +password+ strings:
+  #
+  #   req.proxy_basic_auth('my_account', 'my_password')
+  #   req['Proxy-Authorization']
+  #   # => "Basic bXlfYWNjb3VudDpteV9wYXNzd29yZA=="
+  #
   def proxy_basic_auth(account, password)
     @header['proxy-authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
   end
@@ -500,6 +962,7 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
   end
   private :basic_encode
 
+# Returns whether the HTTP session is to be closed.
   def connection_close?
     token = /(?:\A|,)\s*close\s*(?:\z|,)/i
     @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
@@ -507,6 +970,7 @@ module Net::HTTPHeader
     false
   end
 
+# Returns whether the HTTP session is to be kept alive.
   def connection_keep_alive?
     token = /(?:\A|,)\s*keep-alive\s*(?:\z|,)/i
     @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
diff --git a/lib/net/http/net-http.gemspec b/lib/net/http/net-http.gemspec
index a7f122fc0e..0021136793 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/net-http.gemspec
+++ b/lib/net/http/net-http.gemspec
@@ -2,9 +2,14 @@
 
 name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
 version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, "..").join("/")].find do |dir|
-  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
-    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
-  end rescue nil
+  file = File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")
+  begin
+    break File.foreach(file, mode: "rb") do |line|
+      /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+    end
+  rescue SystemCallError
+    next
+  end
 end
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
@@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
   # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
   spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{\A(?:(?:test|spec|features)/|\.git)}) }
   end
   spec.bindir        = "exe"
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
diff --git a/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb b/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb
index a2f770ebdb..e7d30def64 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Net::HTTP::ProxyDelta   #:nodoc: internal use only
   private
 
diff --git a/lib/net/http/request.rb b/lib/net/http/request.rb
index 1e86f3e4b4..4a138572e9 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/request.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/request.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,76 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-# HTTP request class.
-# This class wraps together the request header and the request path.
-# You cannot use this class directly. Instead, you should use one of its
-# subclasses: Net::HTTP::Get, Net::HTTP::Post, Net::HTTP::Head.
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This class is the base class for \Net::HTTP request classes.
+# The class should not be used directly;
+# instead you should use its subclasses, listed below.
+#
+# == Creating a Request
+#
+# An request object may be created with either a URI or a string hostname:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/')
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)          # => #<Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.hostname) # => #<Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+#
+# And with any of the subclasses:
+#
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Head.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Head HEAD>
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Put.new(uri)  # => #<Net::HTTP::Put PUT>
+#   # ...
+#
+# The new instance is suitable for use as the argument to Net::HTTP#request.
+#
+# == Request Headers
+#
+# A new request object has these header fields by default:
+#
+#   req.to_hash
+#   # =>
+#   {"accept-encoding"=>["gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"],
+#   "accept"=>["*/*"],
+#   "user-agent"=>["Ruby"],
+#   "host"=>["jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"]}
+#
+# See:
+#
+# - {Request header Accept-Encoding}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Accept-Encoding]
+#   and {Compression and Decompression}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTP@Compression+and+Decompression].
+# - {Request header Accept}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#accept-request-header].
+# - {Request header User-Agent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#user-agent-request-header].
+# - {Request header Host}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#host-request-header].
+#
+# You can add headers or override default headers:
+#
+#   #   res = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri, {'foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1'})
+#
+# This class (and therefore its subclasses) also includes (indirectly)
+# module Net::HTTPHeader, which gives access to its
+# {methods for setting headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPHeader@Setters].
+#
+# == Request Subclasses
+#
+# Subclasses for HTTP requests:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP::Get
+# - Net::HTTP::Head
+# - Net::HTTP::Post
+# - Net::HTTP::Put
+# - Net::HTTP::Delete
+# - Net::HTTP::Options
+# - Net::HTTP::Trace
+# - Net::HTTP::Patch
+#
+# Subclasses for WebDAV requests:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP::Propfind
+# - Net::HTTP::Proppatch
+# - Net::HTTP::Mkcol
+# - Net::HTTP::Copy
+# - Net::HTTP::Move
+# - Net::HTTP::Lock
+# - Net::HTTP::Unlock
 #
 class Net::HTTPRequest < Net::HTTPGenericRequest
   # Creates an HTTP request object for +path+.
@@ -18,4 +86,3 @@ class Net::HTTPRequest < Net::HTTPGenericRequest
           path, initheader
   end
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/net/http/requests.rb b/lib/net/http/requests.rb
index d4c80a3812..5724164205 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/requests.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/requests.rb
@@ -1,67 +1,257 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # HTTP/1.1 methods --- RFC2616
-#
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
-# See Net::HTTP for usage examples.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method GET}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#GET_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: yes.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP.get: sends +GET+ request, returns response body.
+# - Net::HTTP#get: sends +GET+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Get < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'GET'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY  = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
-# See Net::HTTP for usage examples.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method HEAD}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#HEAD_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Head.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Head HEAD>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: no.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: yes.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#head: sends +HEAD+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Head < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'HEAD'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = false
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
-# See Net::HTTP for usage examples.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method POST}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#POST_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts'
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+#   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+#   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: yes.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: no.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: yes.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP.post: sends +POST+ request, returns response object.
+# - Net::HTTP#post: sends +POST+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Post < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'POST'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
-# See Net::HTTP for usage examples.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method PUT}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#PUT_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts'
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Put.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Put PUT>
+#   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+#   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: yes.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Put < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'PUT'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
-# See Net::HTTP for usage examples.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method DELETE}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#DELETE_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts/1'
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Delete.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Delete DELETE>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#delete: sends +DELETE+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Delete < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'DELETE'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method OPTIONS}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#OPTIONS_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Options.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Options OPTIONS>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#options: sends +OPTIONS+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Options < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'OPTIONS'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method TRACE}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#TRACE_method]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Trace.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Trace TRACE>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: no.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#trace: sends +TRACE+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Trace < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'TRACE'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method PATCH}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#PATCH_method]:
 #
-# PATCH method --- RFC5789
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts'
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Patch.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Patch PATCH>
+#   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+#   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: yes.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: no.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#patch: sends +PATCH+ request, returns response object.
 #
-
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
 class Net::HTTP::Patch < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'PATCH'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
@@ -72,49 +262,161 @@ end
 # WebDAV methods --- RFC2518
 #
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method PROPFIND}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_PROPFIND]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Propfind.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Propfind PROPFIND>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#propfind: sends +PROPFIND+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Propfind < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'PROPFIND'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method PROPPATCH}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_PROPPATCH]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Proppatch.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Proppatch PROPPATCH>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#proppatch: sends +PROPPATCH+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Proppatch < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'PROPPATCH'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method MKCOL}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_MKCOL]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Mkcol.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Mkcol MKCOL>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#mkcol: sends +MKCOL+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Mkcol < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'MKCOL'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method COPY}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_COPY]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Copy.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Copy COPY>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#copy: sends +COPY+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Copy < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'COPY'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method MOVE}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_MOVE]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Move.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Move MOVE>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#move: sends +MOVE+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Move < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'MOVE'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method LOCK}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_LOCK]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Lock.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Lock LOCK>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#lock: sends +LOCK+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Lock < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'LOCK'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
   RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
 end
 
-# See Net::HTTPGenericRequest for attributes and methods.
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method UNLOCK}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_UNLOCK]:
+#
+#   require 'net/http'
+#   uri = URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Unlock.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Unlock UNLOCK>
+#   res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Net::HTTP#unlock: sends +UNLOCK+ request, returns response object.
+#
 class Net::HTTP::Unlock < Net::HTTPRequest
   METHOD = 'UNLOCK'
   REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
diff --git a/lib/net/http/response.rb b/lib/net/http/response.rb
index f8b522f1ff..40de963868 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/response.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/response.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,136 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-# HTTP response class.
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This class is the base class for \Net::HTTP response classes.
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+#
+# == Returned Responses
+#
+# \Method Net::HTTP.get_response returns
+# an instance of one of the subclasses of \Net::HTTPResponse:
+#
+#   Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
+#   # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+#   Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch')
+#   # => #<Net::HTTPNotFound 404 Not Found readbody=true>
+#
+# As does method Net::HTTP#request:
+#
+#   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+#   Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+#
+# \Class \Net::HTTPResponse includes module Net::HTTPHeader,
+# which provides access to response header values via (among others):
+#
+# - \Hash-like method <tt>[]</tt>.
+# - Specific reader methods, such as +content_type+.
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   res = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri) # => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+#   res['Content-Type']               # => "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
+#   res.content_type                  # => "text/html"
+#
+# == Response Subclasses
+#
+# \Class \Net::HTTPResponse has a subclass for each
+# {HTTP status code}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes].
+# You can look up the response class for a given code:
+#
+#   Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['200'] # => Net::HTTPOK
+#   Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['400'] # => Net::HTTPBadRequest
+#   Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['404'] # => Net::HTTPNotFound
+#
+# And you can retrieve the status code for a response object:
+#
+#   Net::HTTP.get_response(uri).code                 # => "200"
+#   Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch').code # => "404"
+#
+# The response subclasses (indentation shows class hierarchy):
 #
-# This class wraps together the response header and the response body (the
-# entity requested).
+# - Net::HTTPUnknownResponse (for unhandled \HTTP extensions).
 #
-# It mixes in the HTTPHeader module, which provides access to response
-# header values both via hash-like methods and via individual readers.
+# - Net::HTTPInformation:
 #
-# Note that each possible HTTP response code defines its own
-# HTTPResponse subclass. All classes are defined under the Net module.
-# Indentation indicates inheritance.  For a list of the classes see Net::HTTP.
+#   - Net::HTTPContinue (100)
+#   - Net::HTTPSwitchProtocol (101)
+#   - Net::HTTPProcessing (102)
+#   - Net::HTTPEarlyHints (103)
 #
-# Correspondence <code>HTTP code => class</code> is stored in CODE_TO_OBJ
-# constant:
+# - Net::HTTPSuccess:
 #
-#    Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['404'] #=> Net::HTTPNotFound
+#   - Net::HTTPOK (200)
+#   - Net::HTTPCreated (201)
+#   - Net::HTTPAccepted (202)
+#   - Net::HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation (203)
+#   - Net::HTTPNoContent (204)
+#   - Net::HTTPResetContent (205)
+#   - Net::HTTPPartialContent (206)
+#   - Net::HTTPMultiStatus (207)
+#   - Net::HTTPAlreadyReported (208)
+#   - Net::HTTPIMUsed (226)
+#
+# - Net::HTTPRedirection:
+#
+#   - Net::HTTPMultipleChoices (300)
+#   - Net::HTTPMovedPermanently (301)
+#   - Net::HTTPFound (302)
+#   - Net::HTTPSeeOther (303)
+#   - Net::HTTPNotModified (304)
+#   - Net::HTTPUseProxy (305)
+#   - Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect (307)
+#   - Net::HTTPPermanentRedirect (308)
+#
+# - Net::HTTPClientError:
+#
+#   - Net::HTTPBadRequest (400)
+#   - Net::HTTPUnauthorized (401)
+#   - Net::HTTPPaymentRequired (402)
+#   - Net::HTTPForbidden (403)
+#   - Net::HTTPNotFound (404)
+#   - Net::HTTPMethodNotAllowed (405)
+#   - Net::HTTPNotAcceptable (406)
+#   - Net::HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired (407)
+#   - Net::HTTPRequestTimeOut (408)
+#   - Net::HTTPConflict (409)
+#   - Net::HTTPGone (410)
+#   - Net::HTTPLengthRequired (411)
+#   - Net::HTTPPreconditionFailed (412)
+#   - Net::HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge (413)
+#   - Net::HTTPRequestURITooLong (414)
+#   - Net::HTTPUnsupportedMediaType (415)
+#   - Net::HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable (416)
+#   - Net::HTTPExpectationFailed (417)
+#   - Net::HTTPMisdirectedRequest (421)
+#   - Net::HTTPUnprocessableEntity (422)
+#   - Net::HTTPLocked (423)
+#   - Net::HTTPFailedDependency (424)
+#   - Net::HTTPUpgradeRequired (426)
+#   - Net::HTTPPreconditionRequired (428)
+#   - Net::HTTPTooManyRequests (429)
+#   - Net::HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge (431)
+#   - Net::HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons (451)
+#
+# - Net::HTTPServerError:
+#
+#   - Net::HTTPInternalServerError (500)
+#   - Net::HTTPNotImplemented (501)
+#   - Net::HTTPBadGateway (502)
+#   - Net::HTTPServiceUnavailable (503)
+#   - Net::HTTPGatewayTimeOut (504)
+#   - Net::HTTPVersionNotSupported (505)
+#   - Net::HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates (506)
+#   - Net::HTTPInsufficientStorage (507)
+#   - Net::HTTPLoopDetected (508)
+#   - Net::HTTPNotExtended (510)
+#   - Net::HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired (511)
+#
+# There is also the Net::HTTPBadResponse exception which is raised when
+# there is a protocol error.
 #
 class Net::HTTPResponse
   class << self
@@ -108,13 +224,32 @@ class Net::HTTPResponse
   # Accept-Encoding header from the user.
   attr_accessor :decode_content
 
-  # The encoding to use for the response body. If Encoding, use that encoding.
-  # If other true value, attempt to detect the appropriate encoding, and use
-  # that.
+  # Returns the value set by body_encoding=, or +false+ if none;
+  # see #body_encoding=.
   attr_reader :body_encoding
 
-  # Set the encoding to use for the response body.  If given a String, find
-  # the related Encoding.
+  # Sets the encoding that should be used when reading the body:
+  #
+  # - If the given value is an Encoding object, that encoding will be used.
+  # - Otherwise if the value is a string, the value of
+  #   {Encoding#find(value)}[rdoc-ref:Encoding.find]
+  #   will be used.
+  # - Otherwise an encoding will be deduced from the body itself.
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   http = Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   req = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/')
+  #
+  #   http.request(req) do |res|
+  #     p res.body.encoding # => #<Encoding:ASCII-8BIT>
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   http.request(req) do |res|
+  #     res.body_encoding = "UTF-8"
+  #     p res.body.encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+  #   end
+  #
   def body_encoding=(value)
     value = Encoding.find(value) if value.is_a?(String)
     @body_encoding = value
@@ -138,7 +273,7 @@ class Net::HTTPResponse
 
   def error!   #:nodoc:
     message = @code
-    message += ' ' + @message.dump if @message
+    message = "#{message} #{@message.dump}" if @message
     raise error_type().new(message, self)
   end
 
@@ -231,6 +366,7 @@ class Net::HTTPResponse
       @body = nil
     end
     @read = true
+    return if @body.nil?
 
     case enc = @body_encoding
     when Encoding, false, nil
@@ -246,26 +382,26 @@ class Net::HTTPResponse
     @body
   end
 
-  # Returns the full entity body.
+  # Returns the string response body;
+  # note that repeated calls for the unmodified body return a cached string:
   #
-  # Calling this method a second or subsequent time will return the
-  # string already read.
+  #   path = '/todos/1'
+  #   Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     res = http.get(path)
+  #     p res.body
+  #     p http.head(path).body # No body.
+  #   end
   #
-  #   http.request_get('/index.html') {|res|
-  #     puts res.body
-  #   }
+  # Output:
   #
-  #   http.request_get('/index.html') {|res|
-  #     p res.body.object_id   # 538149362
-  #     p res.body.object_id   # 538149362
-  #   }
+  #   "{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false\n}"
+  #   nil
   #
   def body
     read_body()
   end
 
-  # Because it may be necessary to modify the body, Eg, decompression
-  # this method facilitates that.
+  # Sets the body of the response to the given value.
   def body=(value)
     @body = value
   end
@@ -504,7 +640,7 @@ class Net::HTTPResponse
   end
 
   def stream_check
-    raise IOError, 'attempt to read body out of block' if @socket.closed?
+    raise IOError, 'attempt to read body out of block' if @socket.nil? || @socket.closed?
   end
 
   def procdest(dest, block)
@@ -513,7 +649,7 @@ class Net::HTTPResponse
     if block
       Net::ReadAdapter.new(block)
     else
-      dest || ''
+      dest || +''
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/net/http/responses.rb b/lib/net/http/responses.rb
index 02a2fdaa4c..6f6fb8d055 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/responses.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/responses.rb
@@ -3,192 +3,909 @@
 # https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml
 
 module Net
-  # :stopdoc:
 
   class HTTPUnknownResponse < HTTPResponse
     HAS_BODY = true
     EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPError                  #
   end
-  class HTTPInformation < HTTPResponse          # 1xx
+
+  # Parent class for informational (1xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # An informational response indicates that the request was received and understood.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.1xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#1xx_informational_response].
+  #
+  class HTTPInformation < HTTPResponse
     HAS_BODY = false
     EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPError                  #
   end
-  class HTTPSuccess < HTTPResponse              # 2xx
+
+  # Parent class for success (2xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A success response indicates the action requested by the client
+  # was received, understood, and accepted.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.2xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#2xx_success].
+  #
+  class HTTPSuccess < HTTPResponse
     HAS_BODY = true
     EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPError                  #
   end
-  class HTTPRedirection < HTTPResponse          # 3xx
+
+  # Parent class for redirection (3xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A redirection response indicates the client must take additional action
+  # to complete the request.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.3xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#3xx_redirection].
+  #
+  class HTTPRedirection < HTTPResponse
     HAS_BODY = true
     EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPRetriableError         #
   end
-  class HTTPClientError < HTTPResponse          # 4xx
+
+  # Parent class for client error (4xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A client error response indicates that the client may have caused an error.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.4xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#4xx_client_errors].
+  #
+  class HTTPClientError < HTTPResponse
     HAS_BODY = true
     EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPClientException        #
   end
-  class HTTPServerError < HTTPResponse          # 5xx
+
+  # Parent class for server error (5xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A server error response indicates that the server failed to fulfill a request.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.5xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#5xx_server_errors].
+  #
+  class HTTPServerError < HTTPResponse
     HAS_BODY = true
     EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPFatalError             #
   end
 
-  class HTTPContinue < HTTPInformation          # 100
+  # Response class for +Continue+ responses (status code 100).
+  #
+  # A +Continue+ response indicates that the server has received the request headers.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/100].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-100-continue].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#100].
+  #
+  class HTTPContinue < HTTPInformation
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  class HTTPSwitchProtocol < HTTPInformation    # 101
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Switching Protocol</tt> responses (status code 101).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Switching Protocol<tt> response indicates that the server has received
+  # a request to switch protocols, and has agreed to do so.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/101].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-101-switching-protocols].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#101].
+  #
+  class HTTPSwitchProtocol < HTTPInformation
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  class HTTPProcessing < HTTPInformation        # 102
+
+  # Response class for +Processing+ responses (status code 102).
+  #
+  # The +Processing+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # and is processing the request, but no response is available yet.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 2518}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2518#section-10.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#102].
+  #
+  class HTTPProcessing < HTTPInformation
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  class HTTPEarlyHints < HTTPInformation        # 103 - RFC 8297
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Early Hints</tt> responses (status code 103).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Early Hints</tt> indicates that the server has received
+  # and is processing the request, and contains certain headers;
+  # the final response is not available yet.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/103].
+  # - {RFC 8297}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8297.html#section-2].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#103].
+  #
+  class HTTPEarlyHints < HTTPInformation
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
 
-  class HTTPOK < HTTPSuccess                            # 200
+  # Response class for +OK+ responses (status code 200).
+  #
+  # The +OK+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # a request and has responded successfully.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/200].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-200-ok].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#200].
+  #
+  class HTTPOK < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPCreated < HTTPSuccess                       # 201
+
+  # Response class for +Created+ responses (status code 201).
+  #
+  # The +Created+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # and has fulfilled a request to create a new resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/201].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-201-created].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#201].
+  #
+  class HTTPCreated < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPAccepted < HTTPSuccess                      # 202
+
+  # Response class for +Accepted+ responses (status code 202).
+  #
+  # The +Accepted+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # and is processing a request, but the processing has not yet been completed.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/202].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-202-accepted].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#202].
+  #
+  class HTTPAccepted < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation < HTTPSuccess   # 203
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Non-Authoritative Information</tt> responses (status code 203).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Non-Authoritative Information</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # is a transforming proxy (such as a Web accelerator)
+  # that received a 200 OK response from its origin,
+  # and is returning a modified version of the origin's response.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/203].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-203-non-authoritative-infor].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#203].
+  #
+  class HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNoContent < HTTPSuccess                     # 204
+
+  # Response class for <tt>No Content</tt> responses (status code 204).
+  #
+  # The <tt>No Content</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # successfully processed the request, and is not returning any content.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/204].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-204-no-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#204].
+  #
+  class HTTPNoContent < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  class HTTPResetContent < HTTPSuccess                  # 205
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Reset Content</tt> responses (status code 205).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Reset Content</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # successfully processed the request,
+  # asks that the client reset its document view, and is not returning any content.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/205].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-205-reset-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#205].
+  #
+  class HTTPResetContent < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  class HTTPPartialContent < HTTPSuccess                # 206
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Partial Content</tt> responses (status code 206).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Partial Content</tt> response indicates that the server is delivering
+  # only part of the resource (byte serving)
+  # due to a Range header in the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/206].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-206-partial-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#206].
+  #
+  class HTTPPartialContent < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPMultiStatus < HTTPSuccess                   # 207 - RFC 4918
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Multi-Status (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 207).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Multi-Status (WebDAV)</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # has received the request,
+  # and that the message body can contain a number of separate response codes.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 4818}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#207].
+  #
+  class HTTPMultiStatus < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPAlreadyReported < HTTPSuccess               # 208 - RFC 5842
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Already Reported (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 208).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Already Reported (WebDAV)</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # has received the request,
+  # and that the members of a DAV binding have already been enumerated
+  # in a preceding part of the (multi-status) response,
+  # and are not being included again.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 5842}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5842.html#section-7.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#208].
+  #
+  class HTTPAlreadyReported < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPIMUsed < HTTPSuccess                        # 226 - RFC 3229
+
+  # Response class for <tt>IM Used</tt> responses (status code 226).
+  #
+  # The <tt>IM Used</tt> response indicates that the server has fulfilled a request
+  # for the resource, and the response is a representation of the result
+  # of one or more instance-manipulations applied to the current instance.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 3229}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3229.html#section-10.4.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#226].
+  #
+  class HTTPIMUsed < HTTPSuccess
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
 
-  class HTTPMultipleChoices < HTTPRedirection   # 300
+  # Response class for <tt>Multiple Choices</tt> responses (status code 300).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Multiple Choices</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # offers multiple options for the resource from which the client may choose.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/300].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-300-multiple-choices].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#300].
+  #
+  class HTTPMultipleChoices < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPMultipleChoice = HTTPMultipleChoices
-  class HTTPMovedPermanently < HTTPRedirection  # 301
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Moved Permanently</tt> responses (status code 301).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Moved Permanently</tt> response indicates that links or records
+  # returning this response should be updated to use the given URL.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/301].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-301-moved-permanently].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#301].
+  #
+  class HTTPMovedPermanently < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPFound < HTTPRedirection             # 302
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Found</tt> responses (status code 302).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Found</tt> response indicates that the client
+  # should look at (browse to) another URL.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/302].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-302-found].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#302].
+  #
+  class HTTPFound < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPMovedTemporarily = HTTPFound
-  class HTTPSeeOther < HTTPRedirection          # 303
+
+  # Response class for <tt>See Other</tt> responses (status code 303).
+  #
+  # The response to the request can be found under another URI using the GET method.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/303].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-303-see-other].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#303].
+  #
+  class HTTPSeeOther < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNotModified < HTTPRedirection       # 304
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Modified</tt> responses (status code 304).
+  #
+  # Indicates that the resource has not been modified since the version
+  # specified by the request headers.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/304].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-304-not-modified].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#304].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotModified < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  class HTTPUseProxy < HTTPRedirection          # 305
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Use Proxy</tt> responses (status code 305).
+  #
+  # The requested resource is available only through a proxy,
+  # whose address is provided in the response.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-305-use-proxy].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#305].
+  #
+  class HTTPUseProxy < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = false
   end
-  # 306 Switch Proxy - no longer unused
-  class HTTPTemporaryRedirect < HTTPRedirection # 307
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Temporary Redirect</tt> responses (status code 307).
+  #
+  # The request should be repeated with another URI;
+  # however, future requests should still use the original URI.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/307].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-307-temporary-redirect].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#307].
+  #
+  class HTTPTemporaryRedirect < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPPermanentRedirect < HTTPRedirection # 308
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Permanent Redirect</tt> responses (status code 308).
+  #
+  # This and all future requests should be directed to the given URI.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/308].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-308-permanent-redirect].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#308].
+  #
+  class HTTPPermanentRedirect < HTTPRedirection
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
 
-  class HTTPBadRequest < HTTPClientError                    # 400
+  # Response class for <tt>Bad Request</tt> responses (status code 400).
+  #
+  # The server cannot or will not process the request due to an apparent client error.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/400].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-400-bad-request].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#400].
+  #
+  class HTTPBadRequest < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPUnauthorized < HTTPClientError                  # 401
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unauthorized</tt> responses (status code 401).
+  #
+  # Authentication is required, but either was not provided or failed.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/401].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-401-unauthorized].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#401].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnauthorized < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPPaymentRequired < HTTPClientError               # 402
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Payment Required</tt> responses (status code 402).
+  #
+  # Reserved for future use.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/402].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-402-payment-required].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#402].
+  #
+  class HTTPPaymentRequired < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPForbidden < HTTPClientError                     # 403
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Forbidden</tt> responses (status code 403).
+  #
+  # The request contained valid data and was understood by the server,
+  # but the server is refusing action.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/403].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-403-forbidden].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#403].
+  #
+  class HTTPForbidden < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNotFound < HTTPClientError                      # 404
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Found</tt> responses (status code 404).
+  #
+  # The requested resource could not be found but may be available in the future.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/404].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-404-not-found].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#404].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotFound < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPMethodNotAllowed < HTTPClientError              # 405
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Method Not Allowed</tt> responses (status code 405).
+  #
+  # The request method is not supported for the requested resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/405].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-405-method-not-allowed].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#405].
+  #
+  class HTTPMethodNotAllowed < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNotAcceptable < HTTPClientError                 # 406
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Acceptable</tt> responses (status code 406).
+  #
+  # The requested resource is capable of generating only content
+  # that not acceptable according to the Accept headers sent in the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/406].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-406-not-acceptable].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#406].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotAcceptable < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired < HTTPClientError   # 407
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Proxy Authentication Required</tt> responses (status code 407).
+  #
+  # The client must first authenticate itself with the proxy.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/407].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-407-proxy-authentication-re].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#407].
+  #
+  class HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPRequestTimeout < HTTPClientError                # 408
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Request Timeout</tt> responses (status code 408).
+  #
+  # The server timed out waiting for the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/408].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-408-request-timeout].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#408].
+  #
+  class HTTPRequestTimeout < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPRequestTimeOut = HTTPRequestTimeout
-  class HTTPConflict < HTTPClientError                      # 409
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Conflict</tt> responses (status code 409).
+  #
+  # The request could not be processed because of conflict in the current state of the resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/409].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-409-conflict].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#409].
+  #
+  class HTTPConflict < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPGone < HTTPClientError                          # 410
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Gone</tt> responses (status code 410).
+  #
+  # The resource requested was previously in use but is no longer available
+  # and will not be available again.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/410].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-410-gone].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#410].
+  #
+  class HTTPGone < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPLengthRequired < HTTPClientError                # 411
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Length Required</tt> responses (status code 411).
+  #
+  # The request did not specify the length of its content,
+  # which is required by the requested resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/411].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-411-length-required].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#411].
+  #
+  class HTTPLengthRequired < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPPreconditionFailed < HTTPClientError            # 412
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Precondition Failed</tt> responses (status code 412).
+  #
+  # The server does not meet one of the preconditions
+  # specified in the request headers.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/412].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-412-precondition-failed].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#412].
+  #
+  class HTTPPreconditionFailed < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPPayloadTooLarge < HTTPClientError               # 413
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Payload Too Large</tt> responses (status code 413).
+  #
+  # The request is larger than the server is willing or able to process.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/413].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-413-content-too-large].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#413].
+  #
+  class HTTPPayloadTooLarge < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge = HTTPPayloadTooLarge
-  class HTTPURITooLong < HTTPClientError                    # 414
+
+  # Response class for <tt>URI Too Long</tt> responses (status code 414).
+  #
+  # The URI provided was too long for the server to process.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/414].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-414-uri-too-long].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#414].
+  #
+  class HTTPURITooLong < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPRequestURITooLong = HTTPURITooLong
   HTTPRequestURITooLarge = HTTPRequestURITooLong
-  class HTTPUnsupportedMediaType < HTTPClientError          # 415
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unsupported Media Type</tt> responses (status code 415).
+  #
+  # The request entity has a media type which the server or resource does not support.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/415].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-415-unsupported-media-type].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#415].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnsupportedMediaType < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPRangeNotSatisfiable < HTTPClientError           # 416
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Range Not Satisfiable</tt> responses (status code 416).
+  #
+  # The request entity has a media type which the server or resource does not support.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/416].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-416-range-not-satisfiable].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#416].
+  #
+  class HTTPRangeNotSatisfiable < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable = HTTPRangeNotSatisfiable
-  class HTTPExpectationFailed < HTTPClientError             # 417
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Expectation Failed</tt> responses (status code 417).
+  #
+  # The server cannot meet the requirements of the Expect request-header field.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/417].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-417-expectation-failed].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#417].
+  #
+  class HTTPExpectationFailed < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
+
   # 418 I'm a teapot - RFC 2324; a joke RFC
+  # See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#418.
+
   # 420 Enhance Your Calm - Twitter
-  class HTTPMisdirectedRequest < HTTPClientError            # 421 - RFC 7540
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Misdirected Request</tt> responses (status code 421).
+  #
+  # The request was directed at a server that is not able to produce a response.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-421-misdirected-request].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#421].
+  #
+  class HTTPMisdirectedRequest < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPUnprocessableEntity < HTTPClientError           # 422 - RFC 4918
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unprocessable Entity</tt> responses (status code 422).
+  #
+  # The request was well-formed but had semantic errors.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/422].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-422-unprocessable-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#422].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnprocessableEntity < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPLocked < HTTPClientError                        # 423 - RFC 4918
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Locked (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 423).
+  #
+  # The requested resource is locked.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 4918}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.3].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#423].
+  #
+  class HTTPLocked < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPFailedDependency < HTTPClientError              # 424 - RFC 4918
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Failed Dependency (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 424).
+  #
+  # The request failed because it depended on another request and that request failed.
+  # See {424 Failed Dependency (WebDAV)}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#424].
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 4918}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.4].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#424].
+  #
+  class HTTPFailedDependency < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  # 425 Unordered Collection - existed only in draft
-  class HTTPUpgradeRequired < HTTPClientError               # 426 - RFC 2817
+
+  # 425 Too Early
+  # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#425.
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Upgrade Required</tt> responses (status code 426).
+  #
+  # The client should switch to the protocol given in the Upgrade header field.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/426].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-426-upgrade-required].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#426].
+  #
+  class HTTPUpgradeRequired < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPPreconditionRequired < HTTPClientError          # 428 - RFC 6585
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Precondition Required</tt> responses (status code 428).
+  #
+  # The origin server requires the request to be conditional.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/428].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-3].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#428].
+  #
+  class HTTPPreconditionRequired < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPTooManyRequests < HTTPClientError               # 429 - RFC 6585
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Too Many Requests</tt> responses (status code 429).
+  #
+  # The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/429].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-4].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#429].
+  #
+  class HTTPTooManyRequests < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge < HTTPClientError   # 431 - RFC 6585
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Request Header Fields Too Large</tt> responses (status code 431).
+  #
+  # An individual header field is too large,
+  # or all the header fields collectively, are too large.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/431].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-5].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#431].
+  #
+  class HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons < HTTPClientError    # 451 - RFC 7725
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unavailable For Legal Reasons</tt> responses (status code 451).
+  #
+  # A server operator has received a legal demand to deny access to a resource or to a set of resources
+  # that includes the requested resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/451].
+  # - {RFC 7725}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7725.html#section-3].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#451].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons < HTTPClientError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   # 444 No Response - Nginx
@@ -196,43 +913,188 @@ module Net
   # 450 Blocked by Windows Parental Controls - Microsoft
   # 499 Client Closed Request - Nginx
 
-  class HTTPInternalServerError < HTTPServerError           # 500
+  # Response class for <tt>Internal Server Error</tt> responses (status code 500).
+  #
+  # An unexpected condition was encountered and no more specific message is suitable.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/500].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-500-internal-server-error].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#500].
+  #
+  class HTTPInternalServerError < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNotImplemented < HTTPServerError                # 501
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Implemented</tt> responses (status code 501).
+  #
+  # The server either does not recognize the request method,
+  # or it lacks the ability to fulfil the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/501].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-501-not-implemented].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#501].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotImplemented < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPBadGateway < HTTPServerError                    # 502
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Bad Gateway</tt> responses (status code 502).
+  #
+  # The server was acting as a gateway or proxy
+  # and received an invalid response from the upstream server.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/502].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-502-bad-gateway].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#502].
+  #
+  class HTTPBadGateway < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPServiceUnavailable < HTTPServerError            # 503
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Service Unavailable</tt> responses (status code 503).
+  #
+  # The server cannot handle the request
+  # (because it is overloaded or down for maintenance).
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/503].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-503-service-unavailable].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#503].
+  #
+  class HTTPServiceUnavailable < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPGatewayTimeout < HTTPServerError                # 504
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Gateway Timeout</tt> responses (status code 504).
+  #
+  # The server was acting as a gateway or proxy
+  # and did not receive a timely response from the upstream server.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/504].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-504-gateway-timeout].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#504].
+  #
+  class HTTPGatewayTimeout < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   HTTPGatewayTimeOut = HTTPGatewayTimeout
-  class HTTPVersionNotSupported < HTTPServerError           # 505
+
+  # Response class for <tt>HTTP Version Not Supported</tt> responses (status code 505).
+  #
+  # The server does not support the HTTP version used in the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/505].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-505-http-version-not-suppor].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#505].
+  #
+  class HTTPVersionNotSupported < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates < HTTPServerError         # 506
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Variant Also Negotiates</tt> responses (status code 506).
+  #
+  # Transparent content negotiation for the request results in a circular reference.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/506].
+  # - {RFC 2295}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2295#section-8.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#506].
+  #
+  class HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPInsufficientStorage < HTTPServerError           # 507 - RFC 4918
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Insufficient Storage (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 507).
+  #
+  # The server is unable to store the representation needed to complete the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/507].
+  # - {RFC 4918}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.5].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#507].
+  #
+  class HTTPInsufficientStorage < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPLoopDetected < HTTPServerError                  # 508 - RFC 5842
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Loop Detected (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 508).
+  #
+  # The server detected an infinite loop while processing the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/508].
+  # - {RFC 5942}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5842.html#section-7.2].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#508].
+  #
+  class HTTPLoopDetected < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
   # 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded - Apache bw/limited extension
-  class HTTPNotExtended < HTTPServerError                   # 510 - RFC 2774
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Extended</tt> responses (status code 510).
+  #
+  # Further extensions to the request are required for the server to fulfill it.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/510].
+  # - {RFC 2774}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2774.html#section-7].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#510].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotExtended < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
-  class HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired < HTTPServerError # 511 - RFC 6585
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Network Authentication Required</tt> responses (status code 511).
+  #
+  # The client needs to authenticate to gain network access.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/511].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-6].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#511].
+  #
+  class HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired < HTTPServerError
     HAS_BODY = true
   end
 
-  # :startdoc:
 end
 
 class Net::HTTPResponse
diff --git a/lib/net/http/status.rb b/lib/net/http/status.rb
index 8db3f7d9e3..e70b47d9fb 100644
--- a/lib/net/http/status.rb
+++ b/lib/net/http/status.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require_relative '../http'
 
 if $0 == __FILE__
   require 'open-uri'
-  IO.foreach(__FILE__) do |line|
+  File.foreach(__FILE__) do |line|
     puts line
     break if line.start_with?('end')
   end
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ if $0 == __FILE__
     next if ['(Unused)', 'Unassigned', 'Description'].include?(mes)
     puts "  #{code} => '#{mes}',"
   end
-  puts "}"
+  puts "} # :nodoc:"
 end
 
 Net::HTTP::STATUS_CODES = {
@@ -55,15 +55,16 @@ Net::HTTP::STATUS_CODES = {
   410 => 'Gone',
   411 => 'Length Required',
   412 => 'Precondition Failed',
-  413 => 'Payload Too Large',
+  413 => 'Content Too Large',
   414 => 'URI Too Long',
   415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
   416 => 'Range Not Satisfiable',
   417 => 'Expectation Failed',
   421 => 'Misdirected Request',
-  422 => 'Unprocessable Entity',
+  422 => 'Unprocessable Content',
   423 => 'Locked',
   424 => 'Failed Dependency',
+  425 => 'Too Early',
   426 => 'Upgrade Required',
   428 => 'Precondition Required',
   429 => 'Too Many Requests',
@@ -78,6 +79,6 @@ Net::HTTP::STATUS_CODES = {
   506 => 'Variant Also Negotiates',
   507 => 'Insufficient Storage',
   508 => 'Loop Detected',
-  510 => 'Not Extended',
+  510 => 'Not Extended (OBSOLETED)',
   511 => 'Network Authentication Required',
-}
+} # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/net/https.rb b/lib/net/https.rb
index d46721c82a..0f23e1fb13 100644
--- a/lib/net/https.rb
+++ b/lib/net/https.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 =begin
 
 = net/https -- SSL/TLS enhancement for Net::HTTP.
diff --git a/lib/net/net-protocol.gemspec b/lib/net/net-protocol.gemspec
index c03621cb0d..29ad2504eb 100644
--- a/lib/net/net-protocol.gemspec
+++ b/lib/net/net-protocol.gemspec
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
   # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
   spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
   end
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
 
diff --git a/lib/net/protocol.rb b/lib/net/protocol.rb
index 822bc00574..197ea09089 100644
--- a/lib/net/protocol.rb
+++ b/lib/net/protocol.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ require 'io/wait'
 module Net # :nodoc:
 
   class Protocol   #:nodoc: internal use only
-    VERSION = "0.1.3"
+    VERSION = "0.2.2"
 
     private
     def Protocol.protocol_param(name, val)
@@ -120,6 +120,8 @@ module Net # :nodoc:
       @continue_timeout = continue_timeout
       @debug_output = debug_output
       @rbuf = ''.b
+      @rbuf_empty = true
+      @rbuf_offset = 0
     end
 
     attr_reader :io
@@ -154,14 +156,15 @@ module Net # :nodoc:
       LOG "reading #{len} bytes..."
       read_bytes = 0
       begin
-        while read_bytes + @rbuf.size < len
-          s = rbuf_consume(@rbuf.size)
-          read_bytes += s.size
-          dest << s
+        while read_bytes + rbuf_size < len
+          if s = rbuf_consume_all
+            read_bytes += s.bytesize
+            dest << s
+          end
           rbuf_fill
         end
         s = rbuf_consume(len - read_bytes)
-        read_bytes += s.size
+        read_bytes += s.bytesize
         dest << s
       rescue EOFError
         raise unless ignore_eof
@@ -175,9 +178,10 @@ module Net # :nodoc:
       read_bytes = 0
       begin
         while true
-          s = rbuf_consume(@rbuf.size)
-          read_bytes += s.size
-          dest << s
+          if s = rbuf_consume_all
+            read_bytes += s.bytesize
+            dest << s
+          end
           rbuf_fill
         end
       rescue EOFError
@@ -188,14 +192,16 @@ module Net # :nodoc:
     end
 
     def readuntil(terminator, ignore_eof = false)
+      offset = @rbuf_offset
       begin
-        until idx = @rbuf.index(terminator)
+        until idx = @rbuf.index(terminator, offset)
+          offset = @rbuf.bytesize
           rbuf_fill
         end
-        return rbuf_consume(idx + terminator.size)
+        return rbuf_consume(idx + terminator.bytesize - @rbuf_offset)
       rescue EOFError
         raise unless ignore_eof
-        return rbuf_consume(@rbuf.size)
+        return rbuf_consume
       end
     end
 
@@ -208,12 +214,16 @@ module Net # :nodoc:
     BUFSIZE = 1024 * 16
 
     def rbuf_fill
-      tmp = @rbuf.empty? ? @rbuf : nil
+      tmp = @rbuf_empty ? @rbuf : nil
       case rv = @io.read_nonblock(BUFSIZE, tmp, exception: false)
       when String
-        return if rv.equal?(tmp)
-        @rbuf << rv
-        rv.clear
+        @rbuf_empty = false
+        if rv.equal?(tmp)
+          @rbuf_offset = 0
+        else
+          @rbuf << rv
+          rv.clear
+        end
         return
       when :wait_readable
         (io = @io.to_io).wait_readable(@read_timeout) or raise Net::ReadTimeout.new(io)
@@ -228,13 +238,40 @@ module Net # :nodoc:
       end while true
     end
 
-    def rbuf_consume(len)
-      if len == @rbuf.size
+    def rbuf_flush
+      if @rbuf_empty
+        @rbuf.clear
+        @rbuf_offset = 0
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_size
+      @rbuf.bytesize - @rbuf_offset
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_consume_all
+      rbuf_consume if rbuf_size > 0
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_consume(len = nil)
+      if @rbuf_offset == 0 && (len.nil? || len == @rbuf.bytesize)
         s = @rbuf
         @rbuf = ''.b
+        @rbuf_offset = 0
+        @rbuf_empty = true
+      elsif len.nil?
+        s = @rbuf.byteslice(@rbuf_offset..-1)
+        @rbuf = ''.b
+        @rbuf_offset = 0
+        @rbuf_empty = true
       else
-        s = @rbuf.slice!(0, len)
+        s = @rbuf.byteslice(@rbuf_offset, len)
+        @rbuf_offset += len
+        @rbuf_empty = @rbuf_offset == @rbuf.bytesize
+        rbuf_flush
       end
+
       @debug_output << %Q[-> #{s.dump}\n] if @debug_output
       s
     end
diff --git a/lib/observer.gemspec b/lib/observer.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93e61b8c84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/observer.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
+  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
+  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{Implementation of the Observer object-oriented design pattern.}
+  spec.description   = spec.summary
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/observer"
+  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
+
+  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
+
+  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
+  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
+  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  end
+  spec.bindir        = "exe"
+  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+end
diff --git a/lib/observer.rb b/lib/observer.rb
index ef70e39dd8..75832cace2 100644
--- a/lib/observer.rb
+++ b/lib/observer.rb
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@
 #   ticker.add_observer(warner, :call)
 #   ticker.run
 module Observable
-  VERSION = "0.1.1"
+  VERSION = "0.1.2"
 
   #
   # Add +observer+ as an observer on this object. So that it will receive
diff --git a/lib/observer/observer.gemspec b/lib/observer/observer.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 46538e881a..0000000000
--- a/lib/observer/observer.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
-version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, "..").join("/")].find do |dir|
-  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
-    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
-  end rescue nil
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = name
-  spec.version       = version
-  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
-  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{Implementation of the Observer object-oriented design pattern.}
-  spec.description   = spec.summary
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/observer"
-  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-
-  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
-  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
-
-  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
-  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
-  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
-  end
-  spec.bindir        = "exe"
-  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-end
diff --git a/lib/open-uri.gemspec b/lib/open-uri.gemspec
index 12f10ef316..b6aaf35200 100644
--- a/lib/open-uri.gemspec
+++ b/lib/open-uri.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", "."].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "open-uri"
-  spec.version       = "0.2.0"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Tanaka Akira"]
   spec.email         = ["akr@fsij.org"]
 
@@ -14,7 +21,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = spec.homepage
 
   spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+    `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{\A((bin|test|spec|features)/|\.git|[Rr]ake|Gemfile)|\.gemspec\z}) }
   end
   spec.executables   = []
   spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
diff --git a/lib/open-uri.rb b/lib/open-uri.rb
index cb9c3aa505..ba2379325f 100644
--- a/lib/open-uri.rb
+++ b/lib/open-uri.rb
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ module URI
       super
     end
   end
+  singleton_class.send(:ruby2_keywords, :open) if respond_to?(:ruby2_keywords, true)
 end
 
 # OpenURI is an easy-to-use wrapper for Net::HTTP, Net::HTTPS and Net::FTP.
@@ -89,6 +90,9 @@ end
 # Author:: Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>
 
 module OpenURI
+
+  VERSION = "0.4.1"
+
   Options = {
     :proxy => true,
     :proxy_http_basic_authentication => true,
@@ -99,9 +103,12 @@ module OpenURI
     :open_timeout => true,
     :ssl_ca_cert => nil,
     :ssl_verify_mode => nil,
+    :ssl_min_version => nil,
+    :ssl_max_version => nil,
     :ftp_active_mode => false,
     :redirect => true,
     :encoding => nil,
+    :max_redirects => 64,
   }
 
   def OpenURI.check_options(options) # :nodoc:
@@ -205,6 +212,7 @@ module OpenURI
     end
 
     uri_set = {}
+    max_redirects = options[:max_redirects]
     buf = nil
     while true
       redirect = catch(:open_uri_redirect) {
@@ -232,6 +240,7 @@ module OpenURI
         uri = redirect
         raise "HTTP redirection loop: #{uri}" if uri_set.include? uri.to_s
         uri_set[uri.to_s] = true
+        raise TooManyRedirects.new("Too many redirects", buf.io) if max_redirects && uri_set.size > max_redirects
       else
         break
       end
@@ -298,6 +307,8 @@ module OpenURI
       require 'net/https'
       http.use_ssl = true
       http.verify_mode = options[:ssl_verify_mode] || OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
+      http.min_version = options[:ssl_min_version]
+      http.max_version = options[:ssl_max_version]
       store = OpenSSL::X509::Store.new
       if options[:ssl_ca_cert]
         Array(options[:ssl_ca_cert]).each do |cert|
@@ -353,7 +364,8 @@ module OpenURI
     when Net::HTTPMovedPermanently, # 301
          Net::HTTPFound, # 302
          Net::HTTPSeeOther, # 303
-         Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect # 307
+         Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect, # 307
+         Net::HTTPPermanentRedirect # 308
       begin
         loc_uri = URI.parse(resp['location'])
       rescue URI::InvalidURIError
@@ -383,6 +395,9 @@ module OpenURI
     attr_reader :uri
   end
 
+  class TooManyRedirects < HTTPError
+  end
+
   class Buffer # :nodoc: all
     def initialize
       @io = StringIO.new
@@ -410,6 +425,13 @@ module OpenURI
     end
   end
 
+  # :stopdoc:
+  RE_LWS = /[\r\n\t ]+/n
+  RE_TOKEN = %r{[^\x00- ()<>@,;:\\"/\[\]?={}\x7f]+}n
+  RE_QUOTED_STRING = %r{"(?:[\r\n\t !#-\[\]-~\x80-\xff]|\\[\x00-\x7f])*"}n
+  RE_PARAMETERS = %r{(?:;#{RE_LWS}?#{RE_TOKEN}#{RE_LWS}?=#{RE_LWS}?(?:#{RE_TOKEN}|#{RE_QUOTED_STRING})#{RE_LWS}?)*}n
+  # :startdoc:
+
   # Mixin for holding meta-information.
   module Meta
     def Meta.init(obj, src=nil) # :nodoc:
@@ -487,13 +509,6 @@ module OpenURI
       end
     end
 
-    # :stopdoc:
-    RE_LWS = /[\r\n\t ]+/n
-    RE_TOKEN = %r{[^\x00- ()<>@,;:\\"/\[\]?={}\x7f]+}n
-    RE_QUOTED_STRING = %r{"(?:[\r\n\t !#-\[\]-~\x80-\xff]|\\[\x00-\x7f])*"}n
-    RE_PARAMETERS = %r{(?:;#{RE_LWS}?#{RE_TOKEN}#{RE_LWS}?=#{RE_LWS}?(?:#{RE_TOKEN}|#{RE_QUOTED_STRING})#{RE_LWS}?)*}n
-    # :startdoc:
-
     def content_type_parse # :nodoc:
       vs = @metas['content-type']
       # The last (?:;#{RE_LWS}?)? matches extra ";" which violates RFC2045.
@@ -698,6 +713,20 @@ module OpenURI
     #
     #  :ssl_verify_mode is used to specify openssl verify mode.
     #
+    # [:ssl_min_version]
+    #  Synopsis:
+    #    :ssl_min_version=>:TLS1_2
+    #
+    #  :ssl_min_version option specifies the minimum allowed SSL/TLS protocol
+    #  version.  See also OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version=.
+    #
+    # [:ssl_max_version]
+    #  Synopsis:
+    #    :ssl_max_version=>:TLS1_2
+    #
+    #  :ssl_max_version option specifies the maximum allowed SSL/TLS protocol
+    #  version.  See also OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version=.
+    #
     # [:ftp_active_mode]
     #  Synopsis:
     #    :ftp_active_mode=>bool
diff --git a/lib/open3.rb b/lib/open3.rb
index 9652b27194..74d00b86d9 100644
--- a/lib/open3.rb
+++ b/lib/open3.rb
@@ -31,57 +31,189 @@
 
 require 'open3/version'
 
+# \Module \Open3 supports creating child processes
+# with access to their $stdin, $stdout, and $stderr streams.
+#
+# == What's Here
+#
+# Each of these methods executes a given command in a new process or subshell,
+# or multiple commands in new processes and/or subshells:
+#
+# - Each of these methods executes a single command in a process or subshell,
+#   accepts a string for input to $stdin,
+#   and returns string output from $stdout, $stderr, or both:
+#
+#   - Open3.capture2: Executes the command;
+#     returns the string from $stdout.
+#   - Open3.capture2e: Executes the command;
+#     returns the string from merged $stdout and $stderr.
+#   - Open3.capture3: Executes the command;
+#     returns strings from $stdout and $stderr.
+#
+# - Each of these methods executes a single command in a process or subshell,
+#   and returns pipes for $stdin, $stdout, and/or $stderr:
+#
+#   - Open3.popen2: Executes the command;
+#     returns pipes for $stdin and $stdout.
+#   - Open3.popen2e: Executes the command;
+#     returns pipes for $stdin and merged $stdout and $stderr.
+#   - Open3.popen3: Executes the command;
+#     returns pipes for $stdin, $stdout, and $stderr.
+#
+# - Each of these methods executes one or more commands in processes and/or subshells,
+#   returns pipes for the first $stdin, the last $stdout, or both:
+#
+#   - Open3.pipeline_r: Returns a pipe for the last $stdout.
+#   - Open3.pipeline_rw: Returns pipes for the first $stdin and the last $stdout.
+#   - Open3.pipeline_w: Returns a pipe for the first $stdin.
+#   - Open3.pipeline_start: Does not wait for processes to complete.
+#   - Open3.pipeline: Waits for processes to complete.
+#
+# Each of the methods above accepts:
+#
+# - An optional hash of environment variable names and values;
+#   see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+# - A required string argument that is a +command_line+ or +exe_path+;
+#   see {Argument command_line or exe_path}[rdoc-ref:Process@Argument+command_line+or+exe_path].
+# - An optional hash of execution options;
+#   see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+#
 module Open3
 
-  # Open stdin, stdout, and stderr streams and start external executable.
-  # In addition, a thread to wait for the started process is created.
-  # The thread has a pid method and a thread variable :pid which is the pid of
-  # the started process.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.popen3([env, ] command_line, options = {}) -> [stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread]
+  #   Open3.popen3([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) -> [stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread]
+  #   Open3.popen3([env, ] command_line, options = {}) {|stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread| ... } -> object
+  #   Open3.popen3([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) {|stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread| ... } -> object
+  #
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
+  #
+  # - Creates a child process, by calling Process.spawn with the given arguments.
+  # - Creates streams +stdin+, +stdout+, and +stderr+,
+  #   which are the standard input, standard output, and standard error streams
+  #   in the child process.
+  # - Creates thread +wait_thread+ that waits for the child process to exit;
+  #   the thread has method +pid+, which returns the process ID
+  #   of the child process.
+  #
+  # With no block given, returns the array
+  # <tt>[stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread]</tt>.
+  # The caller should close each of the three returned streams.
+  #
+  #   stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread = Open3.popen3('echo')
+  #   # => [#<IO:fd 8>, #<IO:fd 10>, #<IO:fd 12>, #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f58d5428f58 run>]
+  #   stdin.close
+  #   stdout.close
+  #   stderr.close
+  #   wait_thread.pid   # => 2210481
+  #   wait_thread.value # => #<Process::Status: pid 2210481 exit 0>
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with the four variables
+  # (three streams and the wait thread)
+  # and returns the block's return value.
+  # The caller need not close the streams:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen3('echo') do |stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thread|
+  #     p stdin
+  #     p stdout
+  #     p stderr
+  #     p wait_thread
+  #     p wait_thread.pid
+  #     p wait_thread.value
+  #   end
   #
-  # Block form:
+  # Output:
   #
-  #   Open3.popen3([env,] cmd... [, opts]) {|stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thr|
-  #     pid = wait_thr.pid # pid of the started process.
-  #     ...
-  #     exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
-  #   }
+  #   #<IO:fd 6>
+  #   #<IO:fd 7>
+  #   #<IO:fd 9>
+  #   #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f58d53606e8 sleep>
+  #   2211047
+  #   #<Process::Status: pid 2211047 exit 0>
   #
-  # Non-block form:
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
   #
-  #   stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thr = Open3.popen3([env,] cmd... [, opts])
-  #   pid = wait_thr[:pid]  # pid of the started process
-  #   ...
-  #   stdin.close  # stdin, stdout and stderr should be closed explicitly in this form.
-  #   stdout.close
-  #   stderr.close
-  #   exit_status = wait_thr.value  # Process::Status object returned.
+  # Unlike Process.spawn, this method waits for the child process to exit
+  # before returning, so the caller need not do so.
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in the call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in the call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # The single required argument is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - +command_line+ if it is a string,
+  #   and if it begins with a shell reserved word or special built-in,
+  #   or if it contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - +exe_path+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +command_line+</b>
   #
-  # The parameters env, cmd, and opts are passed to Process.spawn.
-  # A commandline string and a list of argument strings can be accepted as follows:
+  # \String argument +command_line+ is a command line to be passed to a shell;
+  # it must begin with a shell reserved word, begin with a special built-in,
+  # or contain meta characters:
   #
-  #   Open3.popen3("echo abc") {|i, o, e, t| ... }
-  #   Open3.popen3("echo", "abc") {|i, o, e, t| ... }
-  #   Open3.popen3(["echo", "argv0"], "abc") {|i, o, e, t| ... }
+  #   Open3.popen3('if true; then echo "Foo"; fi') {|*args| p args } # Shell reserved word.
+  #   Open3.popen3('echo') {|*args| p args }                         # Built-in.
+  #   Open3.popen3('date > date.tmp') {|*args| p args }              # Contains meta character.
   #
-  # If the last parameter, opts, is a Hash, it is recognized as an option for Process.spawn.
+  # Output (similar for each call above):
   #
-  #   Open3.popen3("pwd", :chdir=>"/") {|i,o,e,t|
-  #     p o.read.chomp #=> "/"
-  #   }
+  #   [#<IO:(closed)>, #<IO:(closed)>, #<IO:(closed)>, #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f58d52f28c8 dead>]
   #
-  # wait_thr.value waits for the termination of the process.
-  # The block form also waits for the process when it returns.
+  # The command line may also contain arguments and options for the command:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen3('echo "Foo"') { |i, o, e, t| o.gets }
+  #   "Foo\n"
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +exe_path+</b>
+  #
+  # Argument +exe_path+ is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - The string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - A 2-element array containing the path to an executable
+  #   and the string to be used as the name of the executing process.
+  #
+  # Example:
   #
-  # Closing stdin, stdout and stderr does not wait for the process to complete.
+  #   Open3.popen3('/usr/bin/date') { |i, o, e, t| o.gets }
+  #   # => "Wed Sep 27 02:56:44 PM CDT 2023\n"
   #
-  # You should be careful to avoid deadlocks.
-  # Since pipes are fixed length buffers,
-  # Open3.popen3("prog") {|i, o, e, t| o.read } deadlocks if
-  # the program generates too much output on stderr.
-  # You should read stdout and stderr simultaneously (using threads or IO.select).
-  # However, if you don't need stderr output, you can use Open3.popen2.
-  # If merged stdout and stderr output is not a problem, you can use Open3.popen2e.
-  # If you really need stdout and stderr output as separate strings, you can consider Open3.capture3.
+  # Ruby invokes the executable directly, with no shell and no shell expansion:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen3('doesnt_exist') { |i, o, e, t| o.gets } # Raises Errno::ENOENT
+  #
+  # If one or more +args+ is given, each is an argument or option
+  # to be passed to the executable:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen3('echo', 'C #') { |i, o, e, t| o.gets }
+  #   # => "C #\n"
+  #   Open3.popen3('echo', 'hello', 'world') { |i, o, e, t| o.gets }
+  #   # => "hello world\n"
+  #
+  # Take care to avoid deadlocks.
+  # Output streams +stdout+ and +stderr+ have fixed-size buffers,
+  # so reading extensively from one but not the other can cause a deadlock
+  # when the unread buffer fills.
+  # To avoid that, +stdout+ and +stderr+ should be read simultaneously
+  # (using threads or IO.select).
+  #
+  # Related:
+  #
+  # - Open3.popen2: Makes the standard input and standard output streams
+  #   of the child process available as separate streams,
+  #   with no access to the standard error stream.
+  # - Open3.popen2e: Makes the standard input and the merge
+  #   of the standard output and standard error streams
+  #   of the child process available as separate streams.
   #
   def popen3(*cmd, &block)
     if Hash === cmd.last
@@ -104,45 +236,131 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :popen3
 
-  # Open3.popen2 is similar to Open3.popen3 except that it doesn't create a pipe for
-  # the standard error stream.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.popen2([env, ] command_line, options = {}) -> [stdin, stdout, wait_thread]
+  #   Open3.popen2([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) -> [stdin, stdout, wait_thread]
+  #   Open3.popen2([env, ] command_line, options = {}) {|stdin, stdout, wait_thread| ... } -> object
+  #   Open3.popen2([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) {|stdin, stdout, wait_thread| ... } -> object
+  #
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
+  #
+  # - Creates a child process, by calling Process.spawn with the given arguments.
+  # - Creates streams +stdin+ and +stdout+,
+  #   which are the standard input and standard output streams
+  #   in the child process.
+  # - Creates thread +wait_thread+ that waits for the child process to exit;
+  #   the thread has method +pid+, which returns the process ID
+  #   of the child process.
+  #
+  # With no block given, returns the array
+  # <tt>[stdin, stdout, wait_thread]</tt>.
+  # The caller should close each of the two returned streams.
+  #
+  #   stdin, stdout, wait_thread = Open3.popen2('echo')
+  #   # => [#<IO:fd 6>, #<IO:fd 7>, #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f58d52dbe98 run>]
+  #   stdin.close
+  #   stdout.close
+  #   wait_thread.pid   # => 2263572
+  #   wait_thread.value # => #<Process::Status: pid 2263572 exit 0>
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with the three variables
+  # (two streams and the wait thread)
+  # and returns the block's return value.
+  # The caller need not close the streams:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2('echo') do |stdin, stdout, wait_thread|
+  #     p stdin
+  #     p stdout
+  #     p wait_thread
+  #     p wait_thread.pid
+  #     p wait_thread.value
+  #   end
   #
-  # Block form:
+  # Output:
   #
-  #   Open3.popen2([env,] cmd... [, opts]) {|stdin, stdout, wait_thr|
-  #     pid = wait_thr.pid # pid of the started process.
-  #     ...
-  #     exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
-  #   }
+  #   #<IO:fd 6>
+  #   #<IO:fd 7>
+  #   #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f58d59a34b0 sleep>
+  #   2263636
+  #   #<Process::Status: pid 2263636 exit 0>
   #
-  # Non-block form:
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
   #
-  #   stdin, stdout, wait_thr = Open3.popen2([env,] cmd... [, opts])
-  #   ...
-  #   stdin.close  # stdin and stdout should be closed explicitly in this form.
-  #   stdout.close
+  # Unlike Process.spawn, this method waits for the child process to exit
+  # before returning, so the caller need not do so.
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in the call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in the call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # The single required argument is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - +command_line+ if it is a string,
+  #   and if it begins with a shell reserved word or special built-in,
+  #   or if it contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - +exe_path+ otherwise.
   #
-  # See Process.spawn for the optional hash arguments _env_ and _opts_.
+  # <b>Argument +command_line+</b>
+  #
+  # \String argument +command_line+ is a command line to be passed to a shell;
+  # it must begin with a shell reserved word, begin with a special built-in,
+  # or contain meta characters:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2('if true; then echo "Foo"; fi') {|*args| p args } # Shell reserved word.
+  #   Open3.popen2('echo') {|*args| p args }                         # Built-in.
+  #   Open3.popen2('date > date.tmp') {|*args| p args }              # Contains meta character.
+  #
+  # Output (similar for each call above):
+  #
+  #   # => [#<IO:(closed)>, #<IO:(closed)>, #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f7577dfe410 dead>]
+  #
+  # The command line may also contain arguments and options for the command:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2('echo "Foo"') { |i, o, t| o.gets }
+  #   "Foo\n"
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +exe_path+</b>
+  #
+  # Argument +exe_path+ is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - The string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - A 2-element array containing the path to an executable
+  #   and the string to be used as the name of the executing process.
   #
   # Example:
   #
-  #   Open3.popen2("wc -c") {|i,o,t|
-  #     i.print "answer to life the universe and everything"
-  #     i.close
-  #     p o.gets #=> "42\n"
-  #   }
+  #   Open3.popen2('/usr/bin/date') { |i, o, t| o.gets }
+  #   # => "Thu Sep 28 09:41:06 AM CDT 2023\n"
+  #
+  # Ruby invokes the executable directly, with no shell and no shell expansion:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2('doesnt_exist') { |i, o, t| o.gets } # Raises Errno::ENOENT
+  #
+  # If one or more +args+ is given, each is an argument or option
+  # to be passed to the executable:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2('echo', 'C #') { |i, o, t| o.gets }
+  #   # => "C #\n"
+  #   Open3.popen2('echo', 'hello', 'world') { |i, o, t| o.gets }
+  #   # => "hello world\n"
   #
-  #   Open3.popen2("bc -q") {|i,o,t|
-  #     i.puts "obase=13"
-  #     i.puts "6 * 9"
-  #     p o.gets #=> "42\n"
-  #   }
   #
-  #   Open3.popen2("dc") {|i,o,t|
-  #     i.print "42P"
-  #     i.close
-  #     p o.read #=> "*"
-  #   }
+  # Related:
+  #
+  # - Open3.popen2e: Makes the standard input and the merge
+  #   of the standard output and standard error streams
+  #   of the child process available as separate streams.
+  # - Open3.popen3: Makes the standard input, standard output,
+  #   and standard error streams
+  #   of the child process available as separate streams.
   #
   def popen2(*cmd, &block)
     if Hash === cmd.last
@@ -162,36 +380,130 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :popen2
 
-  # Open3.popen2e is similar to Open3.popen3 except that it merges
-  # the standard output stream and the standard error stream.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.popen2e([env, ] command_line, options = {}) -> [stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread]
+  #   Open3.popen2e([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) -> [stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread]
+  #   Open3.popen2e([env, ] command_line, options = {}) {|stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread| ... } -> object
+  #   Open3.popen2e([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) {|stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread| ... } -> object
+  #
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
+  #
+  # - Creates a child process, by calling Process.spawn with the given arguments.
+  # - Creates streams +stdin+, +stdout_and_stderr+,
+  #   which are the standard input and the merge of the standard output
+  #   and standard error streams in the child process.
+  # - Creates thread +wait_thread+ that waits for the child process to exit;
+  #   the thread has method +pid+, which returns the process ID
+  #   of the child process.
+  #
+  # With no block given, returns the array
+  # <tt>[stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread]</tt>.
+  # The caller should close each of the two returned streams.
+  #
+  #   stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread = Open3.popen2e('echo')
+  #   # => [#<IO:fd 6>, #<IO:fd 7>, #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f7577da4398 run>]
+  #   stdin.close
+  #   stdout_and_stderr.close
+  #   wait_thread.pid   # => 2274600
+  #   wait_thread.value # => #<Process::Status: pid 2274600 exit 0>
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with the three variables
+  # (two streams and the wait thread)
+  # and returns the block's return value.
+  # The caller need not close the streams:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2e('echo') do |stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thread|
+  #     p stdin
+  #     p stdout_and_stderr
+  #     p wait_thread
+  #     p wait_thread.pid
+  #     p wait_thread.value
+  #   end
   #
-  # Block form:
+  # Output:
   #
-  #   Open3.popen2e([env,] cmd... [, opts]) {|stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thr|
-  #     pid = wait_thr.pid # pid of the started process.
-  #     ...
-  #     exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
-  #   }
+  #   #<IO:fd 6>
+  #   #<IO:fd 7>
+  #   #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f75777578c8 sleep>
+  #   2274763
+  #   #<Process::Status: pid 2274763 exit 0>
   #
-  # Non-block form:
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
   #
-  #   stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thr = Open3.popen2e([env,] cmd... [, opts])
-  #   ...
-  #   stdin.close  # stdin and stdout_and_stderr should be closed explicitly in this form.
-  #   stdout_and_stderr.close
+  # Unlike Process.spawn, this method waits for the child process to exit
+  # before returning, so the caller need not do so.
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in the call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in the call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # The single required argument is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - +command_line+ if it is a string,
+  #   and if it begins with a shell reserved word or special built-in,
+  #   or if it contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - +exe_path+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +command_line+</b>
+  #
+  # \String argument +command_line+ is a command line to be passed to a shell;
+  # it must begin with a shell reserved word, begin with a special built-in,
+  # or contain meta characters:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2e('if true; then echo "Foo"; fi') {|*args| p args } # Shell reserved word.
+  #   Open3.popen2e('echo') {|*args| p args }                         # Built-in.
+  #   Open3.popen2e('date > date.tmp') {|*args| p args }              # Contains meta character.
+  #
+  # Output (similar for each call above):
+  #
+  #   # => [#<IO:(closed)>, #<IO:(closed)>, #<Process::Waiter:0x00007f7577d8a1f0 dead>]
   #
-  # See Process.spawn for the optional hash arguments _env_ and _opts_.
+  # The command line may also contain arguments and options for the command:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2e('echo "Foo"') { |i, o_and_e, t| o_and_e.gets }
+  #   "Foo\n"
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +exe_path+</b>
+  #
+  # Argument +exe_path+ is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - The string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - A 2-element array containing the path to an executable
+  #   and the string to be used as the name of the executing process.
   #
   # Example:
-  #   # check gcc warnings
-  #   source = "foo.c"
-  #   Open3.popen2e("gcc", "-Wall", source) {|i,oe,t|
-  #     oe.each {|line|
-  #       if /warning/ =~ line
-  #         ...
-  #       end
-  #     }
-  #   }
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2e('/usr/bin/date') { |i, o_and_e, t| o_and_e.gets }
+  #   # => "Thu Sep 28 01:58:45 PM CDT 2023\n"
+  #
+  # Ruby invokes the executable directly, with no shell and no shell expansion:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2e('doesnt_exist') { |i, o_and_e, t| o_and_e.gets } # Raises Errno::ENOENT
+  #
+  # If one or more +args+ is given, each is an argument or option
+  # to be passed to the executable:
+  #
+  #   Open3.popen2e('echo', 'C #') { |i, o_and_e, t| o_and_e.gets }
+  #   # => "C #\n"
+  #   Open3.popen2e('echo', 'hello', 'world') { |i, o_and_e, t| o_and_e.gets }
+  #   # => "hello world\n"
+  #
+  # Related:
+  #
+  # - Open3.popen2: Makes the standard input and standard output streams
+  #   of the child process available as separate streams,
+  #   with no access to the standard error stream.
+  # - Open3.popen3: Makes the standard input, standard output,
+  #   and standard error streams
+  #   of the child process available as separate streams.
   #
   def popen2e(*cmd, &block)
     if Hash === cmd.last
@@ -238,44 +550,100 @@ module Open3
     private :popen_run
   end
 
-  # Open3.capture3 captures the standard output and the standard error of a command.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.capture3([env, ] command_line, options = {}) -> [stdout_s, stderr_s, status]
+  #   Open3.capture3([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) -> [stdout_s, stderr_s, status]
   #
-  #   stdout_str, stderr_str, status = Open3.capture3([env,] cmd... [, opts])
+  # Basically a wrapper for Open3.popen3 that:
   #
-  # The arguments env, cmd and opts are passed to Open3.popen3 except
-  # <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> and <code>opts[:binmode]</code>.  See Process.spawn.
+  # - Creates a child process, by calling Open3.popen3 with the given arguments
+  #   (except for certain entries in hash +options+; see below).
+  # - Returns as strings +stdout_s+ and +stderr_s+ the standard output
+  #   and standard error of the child process.
+  # - Returns as +status+ a <tt>Process::Status</tt> object
+  #   that represents the exit status of the child process.
   #
-  # If <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> is specified, it is sent to the command's standard input.
+  # Returns the array <tt>[stdout_s, stderr_s, status]</tt>:
   #
-  # If <code>opts[:binmode]</code> is true, internal pipes are set to binary mode.
+  #   stdout_s, stderr_s, status = Open3.capture3('echo "Foo"')
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2281954 exit 0>]
   #
-  # Examples:
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
   #
-  #   # dot is a command of graphviz.
-  #   graph = <<'End'
-  #     digraph g {
-  #       a -> b
-  #     }
-  #   End
-  #   drawn_graph, dot_log = Open3.capture3("dot -v", :stdin_data=>graph)
+  # Unlike Process.spawn, this method waits for the child process to exit
+  # before returning, so the caller need not do so.
   #
-  #   o, e, s = Open3.capture3("echo abc; sort >&2", :stdin_data=>"foo\nbar\nbaz\n")
-  #   p o #=> "abc\n"
-  #   p e #=> "bar\nbaz\nfoo\n"
-  #   p s #=> #<Process::Status: pid 32682 exit 0>
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in the call to Open3.popen3;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
   #
-  #   # generate a thumbnail image using the convert command of ImageMagick.
-  #   # However, if the image is really stored in a file,
-  #   # system("convert", "-thumbnail", "80", "png:#{filename}", "png:-") is better
-  #   # because of reduced memory consumption.
-  #   # But if the image is stored in a DB or generated by the gnuplot Open3.capture2 example,
-  #   # Open3.capture3 should be considered.
-  #   #
-  #   image = File.read("/usr/share/openclipart/png/animals/mammals/sheep-md-v0.1.png", :binmode=>true)
-  #   thumbnail, err, s = Open3.capture3("convert -thumbnail 80 png:- png:-", :stdin_data=>image, :binmode=>true)
-  #   if s.success?
-  #     STDOUT.binmode; print thumbnail
-  #   end
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in the call to Open3.popen3;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # The hash +options+ is given;
+  # two options have local effect in method Open3.capture3:
+  #
+  # - If entry <tt>options[:stdin_data]</tt> exists, the entry is removed
+  #   and its string value is sent to the command's standard input:
+  #
+  #     Open3.capture3('tee', stdin_data: 'Foo')
+  #     # => ["Foo", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2319575 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # - If entry <tt>options[:binmode]</tt> exists, the entry is removed and
+  #   the internal streams are set to binary mode.
+  #
+  # The single required argument is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - +command_line+ if it is a string,
+  #   and if it begins with a shell reserved word or special built-in,
+  #   or if it contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - +exe_path+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +command_line+</b>
+  #
+  # \String argument +command_line+ is a command line to be passed to a shell;
+  # it must begin with a shell reserved word, begin with a special built-in,
+  # or contain meta characters:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture3('if true; then echo "Foo"; fi') # Shell reserved word.
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282025 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture3('echo')                         # Built-in.
+  #   # => ["\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282092 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture3('date > date.tmp')              # Contains meta character.
+  #   # => ["", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282110 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # The command line may also contain arguments and options for the command:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture3('echo "Foo"')
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282092 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +exe_path+</b>
+  #
+  # Argument +exe_path+ is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - The string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - A 2-element array containing the path to an executable
+  #   and the string to be used as the name of the executing process.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture3('/usr/bin/date')
+  #   # => ["Thu Sep 28 05:03:51 PM CDT 2023\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282300 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # Ruby invokes the executable directly, with no shell and no shell expansion:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture3('doesnt_exist') # Raises Errno::ENOENT
+  #
+  # If one or more +args+ is given, each is an argument or option
+  # to be passed to the executable:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture3('echo', 'C #')
+  #   # => ["C #\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282368 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture3('echo', 'hello', 'world')
+  #   # => ["hello world\n", "", #<Process::Status: pid 2282372 exit 0>]
   #
   def capture3(*cmd)
     if Hash === cmd.last
@@ -309,34 +677,100 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :capture3
 
-  # Open3.capture2 captures the standard output of a command.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.capture2([env, ] command_line, options = {}) -> [stdout_s, status]
+  #   Open3.capture2([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) -> [stdout_s, status]
+  #
+  # Basically a wrapper for Open3.popen3 that:
+  #
+  # - Creates a child process, by calling Open3.popen3 with the given arguments
+  #   (except for certain entries in hash +options+; see below).
+  # - Returns as string +stdout_s+ the standard output of the child process.
+  # - Returns as +status+ a <tt>Process::Status</tt> object
+  #   that represents the exit status of the child process.
+  #
+  # Returns the array <tt>[stdout_s, status]</tt>:
+  #
+  #   stdout_s, status = Open3.capture2('echo "Foo"')
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326047 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # Unlike Process.spawn, this method waits for the child process to exit
+  # before returning, so the caller need not do so.
   #
-  #   stdout_str, status = Open3.capture2([env,] cmd... [, opts])
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in the call to Open3.popen3;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
   #
-  # The arguments env, cmd and opts are passed to Open3.popen3 except
-  # <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> and <code>opts[:binmode]</code>.  See Process.spawn.
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in the call to Open3.popen3;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
   #
-  # If <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> is specified, it is sent to the command's standard input.
+  # The hash +options+ is given;
+  # two options have local effect in method Open3.capture2:
   #
-  # If <code>opts[:binmode]</code> is true, internal pipes are set to binary mode.
+  # - If entry <tt>options[:stdin_data]</tt> exists, the entry is removed
+  #   and its string value is sent to the command's standard input:
+  #
+  #     Open3.capture2('tee', stdin_data: 'Foo')
+  #
+  #     # => ["Foo", #<Process::Status: pid 2326087 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # - If entry <tt>options[:binmode]</tt> exists, the entry is removed and
+  #   the internal streams are set to binary mode.
+  #
+  # The single required argument is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - +command_line+ if it is a string,
+  #   and if it begins with a shell reserved word or special built-in,
+  #   or if it contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - +exe_path+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +command_line+</b>
+  #
+  # \String argument +command_line+ is a command line to be passed to a shell;
+  # it must begin with a shell reserved word, begin with a special built-in,
+  # or contain meta characters:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2('if true; then echo "Foo"; fi') # Shell reserved word.
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326131 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture2('echo')                         # Built-in.
+  #   # => ["\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326139 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture2('date > date.tmp')              # Contains meta character.
+  #   # => ["", #<Process::Status: pid 2326174 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # The command line may also contain arguments and options for the command:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2('echo "Foo"')
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326183 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +exe_path+</b>
+  #
+  # Argument +exe_path+ is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - The string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - A 2-element array containing the path to an executable
+  #   and the string to be used as the name of the executing process.
   #
   # Example:
   #
-  #   # factor is a command for integer factorization.
-  #   o, s = Open3.capture2("factor", :stdin_data=>"42")
-  #   p o #=> "42: 2 3 7\n"
-  #
-  #   # generate x**2 graph in png using gnuplot.
-  #   gnuplot_commands = <<"End"
-  #     set terminal png
-  #     plot x**2, "-" with lines
-  #     1 14
-  #     2 1
-  #     3 8
-  #     4 5
-  #     e
-  #   End
-  #   image, s = Open3.capture2("gnuplot", :stdin_data=>gnuplot_commands, :binmode=>true)
+  #   Open3.capture2('/usr/bin/date')
+  #   # => ["Fri Sep 29 01:00:39 PM CDT 2023\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326222 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # Ruby invokes the executable directly, with no shell and no shell expansion:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2('doesnt_exist') # Raises Errno::ENOENT
+  #
+  # If one or more +args+ is given, each is an argument or option
+  # to be passed to the executable:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2('echo', 'C #')
+  #   # => ["C #\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326267 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture2('echo', 'hello', 'world')
+  #   # => ["hello world\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326299 exit 0>]
   #
   def capture2(*cmd)
     if Hash === cmd.last
@@ -370,21 +804,100 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :capture2
 
-  # Open3.capture2e captures the standard output and the standard error of a command.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.capture2e([env, ] command_line, options = {}) -> [stdout_and_stderr_s, status]
+  #   Open3.capture2e([env, ] exe_path, *args, options = {}) -> [stdout_and_stderr_s, status]
+  #
+  # Basically a wrapper for Open3.popen3 that:
+  #
+  # - Creates a child process, by calling Open3.popen3 with the given arguments
+  #   (except for certain entries in hash +options+; see below).
+  # - Returns as string +stdout_and_stderr_s+ the merged standard output
+  #   and standard error of the child process.
+  # - Returns as +status+ a <tt>Process::Status</tt> object
+  #   that represents the exit status of the child process.
+  #
+  # Returns the array <tt>[stdout_and_stderr_s, status]</tt>:
+  #
+  #   stdout_and_stderr_s, status = Open3.capture2e('echo "Foo"')
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2371692 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # Unlike Process.spawn, this method waits for the child process to exit
+  # before returning, so the caller need not do so.
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in the call to Open3.popen3;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in the call to Open3.popen3;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # The hash +options+ is given;
+  # two options have local effect in method Open3.capture2e:
+  #
+  # - If entry <tt>options[:stdin_data]</tt> exists, the entry is removed
+  #   and its string value is sent to the command's standard input:
   #
-  #   stdout_and_stderr_str, status = Open3.capture2e([env,] cmd... [, opts])
+  #     Open3.capture2e('tee', stdin_data: 'Foo')
+  #     # => ["Foo", #<Process::Status: pid 2371732 exit 0>]
   #
-  # The arguments env, cmd and opts are passed to Open3.popen3 except
-  # <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> and <code>opts[:binmode]</code>.  See Process.spawn.
+  # - If entry <tt>options[:binmode]</tt> exists, the entry is removed and
+  #   the internal streams are set to binary mode.
   #
-  # If <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> is specified, it is sent to the command's standard input.
+  # The single required argument is one of the following:
   #
-  # If <code>opts[:binmode]</code> is true, internal pipes are set to binary mode.
+  # - +command_line+ if it is a string,
+  #   and if it begins with a shell reserved word or special built-in,
+  #   or if it contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - +exe_path+ otherwise.
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +command_line+</b>
+  #
+  # \String argument +command_line+ is a command line to be passed to a shell;
+  # it must begin with a shell reserved word, begin with a special built-in,
+  # or contain meta characters:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2e('if true; then echo "Foo"; fi') # Shell reserved word.
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2371740 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture2e('echo')                         # Built-in.
+  #   # => ["\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2371774 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture2e('date > date.tmp')              # Contains meta character.
+  #   # => ["", #<Process::Status: pid 2371812 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # The command line may also contain arguments and options for the command:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2e('echo "Foo"')
+  #   # => ["Foo\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2326183 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +exe_path+</b>
+  #
+  # Argument +exe_path+ is one of the following:
+  #
+  # - The string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - A 2-element array containing the path to an executable
+  #   and the string to be used as the name of the executing process.
   #
   # Example:
   #
-  #   # capture make log
-  #   make_log, s = Open3.capture2e("make")
+  #   Open3.capture2e('/usr/bin/date')
+  #   # => ["Sat Sep 30 09:01:46 AM CDT 2023\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2371820 exit 0>]
+  #
+  # Ruby invokes the executable directly, with no shell and no shell expansion:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2e('doesnt_exist') # Raises Errno::ENOENT
+  #
+  # If one or more +args+ is given, each is an argument or option
+  # to be passed to the executable:
+  #
+  #   Open3.capture2e('echo', 'C #')
+  #   # => ["C #\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2371856 exit 0>]
+  #   Open3.capture2e('echo', 'hello', 'world')
+  #   # => ["hello world\n", #<Process::Status: pid 2371894 exit 0>]
   #
   def capture2e(*cmd)
     if Hash === cmd.last
@@ -418,48 +931,86 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :capture2e
 
-  # Open3.pipeline_rw starts a list of commands as a pipeline with pipes
-  # which connect to stdin of the first command and stdout of the last command.
-  #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_rw(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads|
-  #     ...
-  #   }
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.pipeline_rw([env, ] *cmds, options = {}) -> [first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads]
   #
-  #   first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_rw(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
-  #   ...
-  #   first_stdin.close
-  #   last_stdout.close
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
   #
-  # Each cmd is a string or an array.
-  # If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
+  # - Creates a child process for each of the given +cmds+
+  #   by calling Process.spawn.
+  # - Pipes the +stdout+ from each child to the +stdin+ of the next child,
+  #   or, for the first child, from the caller's +stdin+,
+  #   or, for the last child, to the caller's +stdout+.
   #
-  #   cmd:
-  #     commandline                              command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, commandline, opts]                 command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts]          command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
-  #     [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
+  # The method does not wait for child processes to exit,
+  # so the caller must do so.
   #
-  #   Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
+  # With no block given, returns a 3-element array containing:
   #
-  # The options to pass to Process.spawn are constructed by merging
-  # +opts+, the last hash element of the array, and
-  # specifications for the pipes between each of the commands.
+  # - The +stdin+ stream of the first child process.
+  # - The +stdout+ stream of the last child process.
+  # - An array of the wait threads for all of the child processes.
   #
   # Example:
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_rw("tr -dc A-Za-z", "wc -c") {|i, o, ts|
-  #     i.puts "All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
-  #     i.close
-  #     p o.gets #=> "42\n"
-  #   }
-  #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_rw("sort", "cat -n") {|stdin, stdout, wait_thrs|
-  #     stdin.puts "foo"
-  #     stdin.puts "bar"
-  #     stdin.puts "baz"
-  #     stdin.close     # send EOF to sort.
-  #     p stdout.read   #=> "     1\tbar\n     2\tbaz\n     3\tfoo\n"
-  #   }
+  #   first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_rw('sort', 'cat -n')
+  #   # => [#<IO:fd 20>, #<IO:fd 21>, [#<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de29ab40 sleep>, #<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de29a690 sleep>]]
+  #   first_stdin.puts("foo\nbar\nbaz")
+  #   first_stdin.close # Send EOF to sort.
+  #   puts last_stdout.read
+  #   wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #     wait_thread.join
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   1	bar
+  #   2	baz
+  #   3	foo
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with the +stdin+ stream of the first child,
+  # the +stdout+ stream  of the last child,
+  # and an array of the wait processes:
+  #
+  #   Open3.pipeline_rw('sort', 'cat -n') do |first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads|
+  #     first_stdin.puts "foo\nbar\nbaz"
+  #     first_stdin.close # send EOF to sort.
+  #     puts last_stdout.read
+  #     wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #       wait_thread.join
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   1	bar
+  #   2	baz
+  #   3	foo
+  #
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # Each remaining argument in +cmds+ is one of:
+  #
+  # - A +command_line+: a string that begins with a shell reserved word
+  #   or special built-in, or contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - An +exe_path+: the string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - An array containing a +command_line+ or an +exe_path+,
+  #   along with zero or more string arguments for the command.
+  #
+  # See {Argument command_line or exe_path}[rdoc-ref:Process@Argument+command_line+or+exe_path].
+  #
   def pipeline_rw(*cmds, &block)
     if Hash === cmds.last
       opts = cmds.pop.dup
@@ -478,43 +1029,77 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :pipeline_rw
 
-  # Open3.pipeline_r starts a list of commands as a pipeline with a pipe
-  # which connects to stdout of the last command.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.pipeline_r([env, ] *cmds, options = {}) -> [last_stdout, wait_threads]
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_r(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|last_stdout, wait_threads|
-  #     ...
-  #   }
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
   #
-  #   last_stdout, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_r(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
-  #   ...
-  #   last_stdout.close
+  # - Creates a child process for each of the given +cmds+
+  #   by calling Process.spawn.
+  # - Pipes the +stdout+ from each child to the +stdin+ of the next child,
+  #   or, for the last child, to the caller's +stdout+.
   #
-  # Each cmd is a string or an array.
-  # If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
+  # The method does not wait for child processes to exit,
+  # so the caller must do so.
   #
-  #   cmd:
-  #     commandline                              command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, commandline, opts]                 command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts]          command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
-  #     [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
+  # With no block given, returns a 2-element array containing:
   #
-  #   Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
+  # - The +stdout+ stream of the last child process.
+  # - An array of the wait threads for all of the child processes.
   #
   # Example:
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_r("zcat /var/log/apache2/access.log.*.gz",
-  #                    [{"LANG"=>"C"}, "grep", "GET /favicon.ico"],
-  #                    "logresolve") {|o, ts|
-  #     o.each_line {|line|
-  #       ...
-  #     }
-  #   }
+  #   last_stdout, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_r('ls', 'grep R')
+  #   # => [#<IO:fd 5>, [#<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de2f9898 dead>, #<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de2f94b0 sleep>]]
+  #   puts last_stdout.read
+  #   wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #     wait_thread.join
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   Rakefile
+  #   README.md
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with the +stdout+ stream
+  # of the last child process,
+  # and an array of the wait processes:
+  #
+  #   Open3.pipeline_r('ls', 'grep R') do |last_stdout, wait_threads|
+  #     puts last_stdout.read
+  #     wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #       wait_thread.join
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   Rakefile
+  #   README.md
+  #
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_r("yes", "head -10") {|o, ts|
-  #     p o.read      #=> "y\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\n"
-  #     p ts[0].value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 24910 SIGPIPE (signal 13)>
-  #     p ts[1].value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 24913 exit 0>
-  #   }
+  # Each remaining argument in +cmds+ is one of:
+  #
+  # - A +command_line+: a string that begins with a shell reserved word
+  #   or special built-in, or contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - An +exe_path+: the string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - An array containing a +command_line+ or an +exe_path+,
+  #   along with zero or more string arguments for the command.
+  #
+  # See {Argument command_line or exe_path}[rdoc-ref:Process@Argument+command_line+or+exe_path].
   #
   def pipeline_r(*cmds, &block)
     if Hash === cmds.last
@@ -530,33 +1115,82 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :pipeline_r
 
-  # Open3.pipeline_w starts a list of commands as a pipeline with a pipe
-  # which connects to stdin of the first command.
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.pipeline_w([env, ] *cmds, options = {}) -> [first_stdin, wait_threads]
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_w(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|first_stdin, wait_threads|
-  #     ...
-  #   }
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
   #
-  #   first_stdin, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_w(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
-  #   ...
-  #   first_stdin.close
+  # - Creates a child process for each of the given +cmds+
+  #   by calling Process.spawn.
+  # - Pipes the +stdout+ from each child to the +stdin+ of the next child,
+  #   or, for the first child, pipes the caller's +stdout+ to the child's +stdin+.
   #
-  # Each cmd is a string or an array.
-  # If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
+  # The method does not wait for child processes to exit,
+  # so the caller must do so.
   #
-  #   cmd:
-  #     commandline                              command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, commandline, opts]                 command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts]          command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
-  #     [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
+  # With no block given, returns a 2-element array containing:
   #
-  #   Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
+  # - The +stdin+ stream of the first child process.
+  # - An array of the wait threads for all of the child processes.
   #
   # Example:
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_w("bzip2 -c", :out=>"/tmp/hello.bz2") {|i, ts|
-  #     i.puts "hello"
-  #   }
+  #   first_stdin, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_w('sort', 'cat -n')
+  #   # => [#<IO:fd 7>, [#<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de928278 run>, #<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de923e80 run>]]
+  #   first_stdin.puts("foo\nbar\nbaz")
+  #   first_stdin.close # Send EOF to sort.
+  #   wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #     wait_thread.join
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   1	bar
+  #   2	baz
+  #   3	foo
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with the +stdin+ stream
+  # of the first child process,
+  # and an array of the wait processes:
+  #
+  #   Open3.pipeline_w('sort', 'cat -n') do |first_stdin, wait_threads|
+  #     first_stdin.puts("foo\nbar\nbaz")
+  #     first_stdin.close # Send EOF to sort.
+  #     wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #       wait_thread.join
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   1	bar
+  #   2	baz
+  #   3	foo
+  #
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # Each remaining argument in +cmds+ is one of:
+  #
+  # - A +command_line+: a string that begins with a shell reserved word
+  #   or special built-in, or contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - An +exe_path+: the string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - An array containing a +command_line+ or an +exe_path+,
+  #   along with zero or more string arguments for the command.
+  #
+  # See {Argument command_line or exe_path}[rdoc-ref:Process@Argument+command_line+or+exe_path].
   #
   def pipeline_w(*cmds, &block)
     if Hash === cmds.last
@@ -573,49 +1207,67 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :pipeline_w
 
-  # Open3.pipeline_start starts a list of commands as a pipeline.
-  # No pipes are created for stdin of the first command and
-  # stdout of the last command.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.pipeline_start([env, ] *cmds, options = {}) -> [wait_threads]
   #
-  #   Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|wait_threads|
-  #     ...
-  #   }
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
   #
-  #   wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
-  #   ...
+  # - Creates a child process for each of the given +cmds+
+  #   by calling Process.spawn.
+  # - Does not wait for child processes to exit.
   #
-  # Each cmd is a string or an array.
-  # If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
+  # With no block given, returns an array of the wait threads
+  # for all of the child processes.
   #
-  #   cmd:
-  #     commandline                              command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, commandline, opts]                 command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts]          command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
-  #     [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
+  # Example:
   #
-  #   Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
+  #   wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_start('ls', 'grep R')
+  #   # => [#<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de9d2bb0 run>, #<Process::Waiter:0x000055e8de9d2890 run>]
+  #   wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #     wait_thread.join
+  #   end
   #
-  # Example:
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   Rakefile
+  #   README.md
+  #
+  # With a block given, calls the block with an array of the wait processes:
+  #
+  #   Open3.pipeline_start('ls', 'grep R') do |wait_threads|
+  #     wait_threads.each do |wait_thread|
+  #       wait_thread.join
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   Rakefile
+  #   README.md
   #
-  #   # Run xeyes in 10 seconds.
-  #   Open3.pipeline_start("xeyes") {|ts|
-  #     sleep 10
-  #     t = ts[0]
-  #     Process.kill("TERM", t.pid)
-  #     p t.value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 911 SIGTERM (signal 15)>
-  #   }
-  #
-  #   # Convert pdf to ps and send it to a printer.
-  #   # Collect error message of pdftops and lpr.
-  #   pdf_file = "paper.pdf"
-  #   printer = "printer-name"
-  #   err_r, err_w = IO.pipe
-  #   Open3.pipeline_start(["pdftops", pdf_file, "-"],
-  #                        ["lpr", "-P#{printer}"],
-  #                        :err=>err_w) {|ts|
-  #     err_w.close
-  #     p err_r.read # error messages of pdftops and lpr.
-  #   }
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # Each remaining argument in +cmds+ is one of:
+  #
+  # - A +command_line+: a string that begins with a shell reserved word
+  #   or special built-in, or contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - An +exe_path+: the string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - An array containing a +command_line+ or an +exe_path+,
+  #   along with zero or more string arguments for the command.
+  #
+  # See {Argument command_line or exe_path}[rdoc-ref:Process@Argument+command_line+or+exe_path].
   #
   def pipeline_start(*cmds, &block)
     if Hash === cmds.last
@@ -633,57 +1285,51 @@ module Open3
   end
   module_function :pipeline_start
 
-  # Open3.pipeline starts a list of commands as a pipeline.
-  # It waits for the completion of the commands.
-  # No pipes are created for stdin of the first command and
-  # stdout of the last command.
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Open3.pipeline([env, ] *cmds, options = {}) -> array_of_statuses
   #
-  #   status_list = Open3.pipeline(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
+  # Basically a wrapper for
+  # {Process.spawn}[rdoc-ref:Process.spawn]
+  # that:
   #
-  # Each cmd is a string or an array.
-  # If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
+  # - Creates a child process for each of the given +cmds+
+  #   by calling Process.spawn.
+  # - Pipes the +stdout+ from each child to the +stdin+ of the next child,
+  #   or, for the last child, to the caller's +stdout+.
+  # - Waits for the child processes to exit.
+  # - Returns an array of Process::Status objects (one for each child).
   #
-  #   cmd:
-  #     commandline                              command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, commandline, opts]                 command line string which is passed to a shell
-  #     [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts]          command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
-  #     [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
+  # Example:
   #
-  #   Note that env and opts are optional, as Process.spawn.
+  #   wait_threads = Open3.pipeline('ls', 'grep R')
+  #   # => [#<Process::Status: pid 2139200 exit 0>, #<Process::Status: pid 2139202 exit 0>]
   #
-  # Example:
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   Rakefile
+  #   README.md
+  #
+  # Like Process.spawn, this method has potential security vulnerabilities
+  # if called with untrusted input;
+  # see {Command Injection}[rdoc-ref:command_injection.rdoc@Command+Injection].
+  #
+  # If the first argument is a hash, it becomes leading argument +env+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn;
+  # see {Execution Environment}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Environment].
+  #
+  # If the last argument is a hash, it becomes trailing argument +options+
+  # in each call to Process.spawn'
+  # see {Execution Options}[rdoc-ref:Process@Execution+Options].
+  #
+  # Each remaining argument in +cmds+ is one of:
+  #
+  # - A +command_line+: a string that begins with a shell reserved word
+  #   or special built-in, or contains one or more metacharacters.
+  # - An +exe_path+: the string path to an executable to be called.
+  # - An array containing a +command_line+ or an +exe_path+,
+  #   along with zero or more string arguments for the command.
   #
-  #   fname = "/usr/share/man/man1/ruby.1.gz"
-  #   p Open3.pipeline(["zcat", fname], "nroff -man", "less")
-  #   #=> [#<Process::Status: pid 11817 exit 0>,
-  #   #    #<Process::Status: pid 11820 exit 0>,
-  #   #    #<Process::Status: pid 11828 exit 0>]
-  #
-  #   fname = "/usr/share/man/man1/ls.1.gz"
-  #   Open3.pipeline(["zcat", fname], "nroff -man", "colcrt")
-  #
-  #   # convert PDF to PS and send to a printer by lpr
-  #   pdf_file = "paper.pdf"
-  #   printer = "printer-name"
-  #   Open3.pipeline(["pdftops", pdf_file, "-"],
-  #                  ["lpr", "-P#{printer}"])
-  #
-  #   # count lines
-  #   Open3.pipeline("sort", "uniq -c", :in=>"names.txt", :out=>"count")
-  #
-  #   # cyclic pipeline
-  #   r,w = IO.pipe
-  #   w.print "ibase=14\n10\n"
-  #   Open3.pipeline("bc", "tee /dev/tty", :in=>r, :out=>w)
-  #   #=> 14
-  #   #   18
-  #   #   22
-  #   #   30
-  #   #   42
-  #   #   58
-  #   #   78
-  #   #   106
-  #   #   202
+  # See {Argument command_line or exe_path}[rdoc-ref:Process@Argument+command_line+or+exe_path].
   #
   def pipeline(*cmds)
     if Hash === cmds.last
diff --git a/lib/open3/open3.gemspec b/lib/open3/open3.gemspec
index a33fca7444..21980decac 100644
--- a/lib/open3/open3.gemspec
+++ b/lib/open3/open3.gemspec
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
   # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
   spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
   end
   spec.bindir        = "exe"
   spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
diff --git a/lib/open3/version.rb b/lib/open3/version.rb
index 5a8e84b4ae..bfcec44ccc 100644
--- a/lib/open3/version.rb
+++ b/lib/open3/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module Open3
-  VERSION = "0.1.1"
+  VERSION = "0.2.1"
 end
diff --git a/lib/optparse.rb b/lib/optparse.rb
index 1d42c79045..832b928a2d 100644
--- a/lib/optparse.rb
+++ b/lib/optparse.rb
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 #
 # == OptionParser
 #
-# === New to \OptionParser?
+# === New to +OptionParser+?
 #
 # See the {Tutorial}[optparse/tutorial.rdoc].
 #
@@ -152,14 +152,14 @@
 # OptionParser supports the ability to coerce command line arguments
 # into objects for us.
 #
-# OptionParser comes with a few ready-to-use kinds of  type
+# OptionParser comes with a few ready-to-use kinds of type
 # coercion. They are:
 #
-# - Date  -- Anything accepted by +Date.parse+
-# - DateTime -- Anything accepted by +DateTime.parse+
-# - Time -- Anything accepted by +Time.httpdate+ or +Time.parse+
-# - URI  -- Anything accepted by +URI.parse+
-# - Shellwords -- Anything accepted by +Shellwords.shellwords+
+# - Date  -- Anything accepted by +Date.parse+ (need to require +optparse/date+)
+# - DateTime -- Anything accepted by +DateTime.parse+ (need to require +optparse/date+)
+# - Time -- Anything accepted by +Time.httpdate+ or +Time.parse+ (need to require +optparse/time+)
+# - URI  -- Anything accepted by +URI.parse+ (need to require +optparse/uri+)
+# - Shellwords -- Anything accepted by +Shellwords.shellwords+ (need to require +optparse/shellwords+)
 # - String -- Any non-empty string
 # - Integer -- Any integer. Will convert octal. (e.g. 124, -3, 040)
 # - Float -- Any float. (e.g. 10, 3.14, -100E+13)
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@
 # If you have any questions, file a ticket at http://bugs.ruby-lang.org.
 #
 class OptionParser
-  OptionParser::Version = "0.2.0"
+  OptionParser::Version = "0.4.0"
 
   # :stopdoc:
   NoArgument = [NO_ARGUMENT = :NONE, nil].freeze
@@ -1148,6 +1148,7 @@ XXX
     @summary_indent = indent
     @default_argv = ARGV
     @require_exact = false
+    @raise_unknown = true
     add_officious
     yield self if block_given?
   end
@@ -1225,6 +1226,9 @@ XXX
   # abbreviated long option as short option).
   attr_accessor :require_exact
 
+  # Whether to raise at unknown option.
+  attr_accessor :raise_unknown
+
   #
   # Heading banner preceding summary.
   #
@@ -1502,7 +1506,7 @@ XXX
         style = notwice(default_style.guess(arg = o), style, 'style')
         default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, Object) unless default_pattern
       else
-        desc.push(o)
+        desc.push(o) if o && !o.empty?
       end
     end
 
@@ -1639,9 +1643,11 @@ XXX
           begin
             sw, = complete(:long, opt, true)
             if require_exact && !sw.long.include?(arg)
+              throw :terminate, arg unless raise_unknown
               raise InvalidOption, arg
             end
           rescue ParseError
+            throw :terminate, arg unless raise_unknown
             raise $!.set_option(arg, true)
           end
           begin
@@ -1673,6 +1679,7 @@ XXX
               end
             end
           rescue ParseError
+            throw :terminate, arg unless raise_unknown
             raise $!.set_option(arg, true)
           end
           begin
@@ -1768,7 +1775,16 @@ XXX
   #   # params["bar"] = "x"  # --bar x
   #   # params["zot"] = "z"  # --zot Z
   #
-  def getopts(*args)
+  # Option +symbolize_names+ (boolean) specifies whether returned Hash keys should be Symbols; defaults to +false+ (use Strings).
+  #
+  #   params = ARGV.getopts("ab:", "foo", "bar:", "zot:Z;zot option", symbolize_names: true)
+  #   # params[:a] = true   # -a
+  #   # params[:b] = "1"    # -b1
+  #   # params[:foo] = "1"  # --foo
+  #   # params[:bar] = "x"  # --bar x
+  #   # params[:zot] = "z"  # --zot Z
+  #
+  def getopts(*args, symbolize_names: false)
     argv = Array === args.first ? args.shift : default_argv
     single_options, *long_options = *args
 
@@ -1797,14 +1813,14 @@ XXX
     end
 
     parse_in_order(argv, result.method(:[]=))
-    result
+    symbolize_names ? result.transform_keys(&:to_sym) : result
   end
 
   #
   # See #getopts.
   #
-  def self.getopts(*args)
-    new.getopts(*args)
+  def self.getopts(*args, symbolize_names: false)
+    new.getopts(*args, symbolize_names: symbolize_names)
   end
 
   #
@@ -1903,10 +1919,13 @@ XXX
   # directory ~/.options, then the basename with '.options' suffix
   # under XDG and Haiku standard places.
   #
-  def load(filename = nil)
+  # The optional +into+ keyword argument works exactly like that accepted in
+  # method #parse.
+  #
+  def load(filename = nil, into: nil)
     unless filename
       basename = File.basename($0, '.*')
-      return true if load(File.expand_path(basename, '~/.options')) rescue nil
+      return true if load(File.expand_path(basename, '~/.options'), into: into) rescue nil
       basename << ".options"
       return [
         # XDG
@@ -1918,11 +1937,11 @@ XXX
         '~/config/settings',
       ].any? {|dir|
         next if !dir or dir.empty?
-        load(File.expand_path(basename, dir)) rescue nil
+        load(File.expand_path(basename, dir), into: into) rescue nil
       }
     end
     begin
-      parse(*IO.readlines(filename).each {|s| s.chomp!})
+      parse(*File.readlines(filename, chomp: true), into: into)
       true
     rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ENOTDIR
       false
@@ -2074,10 +2093,23 @@ XXX
       f |= Regexp::IGNORECASE if /i/ =~ o
       f |= Regexp::MULTILINE if /m/ =~ o
       f |= Regexp::EXTENDED if /x/ =~ o
-      k = o.delete("imx")
-      k = nil if k.empty?
+      case o = o.delete("imx")
+      when ""
+      when "u"
+        s = s.encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
+      when "e"
+        s = s.encode(Encoding::EUC_JP)
+      when "s"
+        s = s.encode(Encoding::SJIS)
+      when "n"
+        f |= Regexp::NOENCODING
+      else
+        raise OptionParser::InvalidArgument, "unknown regexp option - #{o}"
+      end
+    else
+      s ||= all
     end
-    Regexp.new(s || all, f, k)
+    Regexp.new(s, f)
   end
 
   #
@@ -2266,8 +2298,8 @@ XXX
     #   rescue OptionParser::ParseError
     #   end
     #
-    def getopts(*args)
-      options.getopts(self, *args)
+    def getopts(*args, symbolize_names: false)
+      options.getopts(self, *args, symbolize_names: symbolize_names)
     end
 
     #
diff --git a/lib/ostruct.gemspec b/lib/ostruct.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..08a7aefb05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ostruct.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
+  spec.authors       = ["Marc-Andre Lafortune"]
+  spec.email         = ["ruby-core@marc-andre.ca"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{Class to build custom data structures, similar to a Hash.}
+  spec.description   = %q{Class to build custom data structures, similar to a Hash.}
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/ostruct"
+  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
+  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5.0"
+
+  spec.files         = [".gitignore", "Gemfile", "LICENSE.txt", "README.md", "Rakefile", "bin/console", "bin/setup", "lib/ostruct.rb", "ostruct.gemspec"]
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+end
diff --git a/lib/ostruct.rb b/lib/ostruct.rb
index a08561d6c9..fa882b7b9b 100644
--- a/lib/ostruct.rb
+++ b/lib/ostruct.rb
@@ -107,7 +107,15 @@
 # For all these reasons, consider not using OpenStruct at all.
 #
 class OpenStruct
-  VERSION = "0.5.5"
+  VERSION = "0.6.0"
+
+  HAS_PERFORMANCE_WARNINGS = begin
+    Warning[:performance]
+    true
+  rescue NoMethodError, ArgumentError
+    false
+  end
+  private_constant :HAS_PERFORMANCE_WARNINGS
 
   #
   # Creates a new OpenStruct object.  By default, the resulting OpenStruct
@@ -124,6 +132,10 @@ class OpenStruct
   #   data   # => #<OpenStruct country="Australia", capital="Canberra">
   #
   def initialize(hash=nil)
+    if HAS_PERFORMANCE_WARNINGS && Warning[:performance]
+       warn "OpenStruct use is discouraged for performance reasons", uplevel: 1, category: :performance
+    end
+
     if hash
       update_to_values!(hash)
     else
diff --git a/lib/ostruct/ostruct.gemspec b/lib/ostruct/ostruct.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 31ecc312c3..0000000000
--- a/lib/ostruct/ostruct.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
-version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, "..").join("/")].find do |dir|
-  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
-    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
-  end rescue nil
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = name
-  spec.version       = version
-  spec.authors       = ["Marc-Andre Lafortune"]
-  spec.email         = ["ruby-core@marc-andre.ca"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{Class to build custom data structures, similar to a Hash.}
-  spec.description   = %q{Class to build custom data structures, similar to a Hash.}
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/ostruct"
-  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5.0"
-
-  spec.files         = [".gitignore", "Gemfile", "LICENSE.txt", "README.md", "Rakefile", "bin/console", "bin/setup", "lib/ostruct.rb", "ostruct.gemspec"]
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-
-  spec.add_development_dependency "bundler"
-  spec.add_development_dependency "rake"
-end
diff --git a/lib/pp.gemspec b/lib/pp.gemspec
index d4b0be83df..27a92a8ce4 100644
--- a/lib/pp.gemspec
+++ b/lib/pp.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1).join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "pp"
-  spec.version       = "0.3.0"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Tanaka Akira"]
   spec.email         = ["akr@fsij.org"]
 
diff --git a/lib/pp.rb b/lib/pp.rb
index f43356a3df..1708dee05e 100644
--- a/lib/pp.rb
+++ b/lib/pp.rb
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ require 'prettyprint'
 #
 # To define a customized pretty printing function for your classes,
 # redefine method <code>#pretty_print(pp)</code> in the class.
+# Note that <code>require 'pp'</code> is needed before redefining <code>#pretty_print(pp)</code>.
 #
 # <code>#pretty_print</code> takes the +pp+ argument, which is an instance of the PP class.
 # The method uses #text, #breakable, #nest, #group and #pp to print the
@@ -61,6 +62,9 @@ require 'prettyprint'
 # Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
 
 class PP < PrettyPrint
+
+  VERSION = "0.5.0"
+
   # Returns the usable width for +out+.
   # As the width of +out+:
   # 1. If +out+ is assigned to a tty device, its width is used.
@@ -416,6 +420,26 @@ class Struct # :nodoc:
   end
 end
 
+class Data # :nodoc:
+  def pretty_print(q) # :nodoc:
+    q.group(1, sprintf("#<data %s", PP.mcall(self, Kernel, :class).name), '>') {
+      q.seplist(PP.mcall(self, Data, :members), lambda { q.text "," }) {|member|
+        q.breakable
+        q.text member.to_s
+        q.text '='
+        q.group(1) {
+          q.breakable ''
+          q.pp public_send(member)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def pretty_print_cycle(q) # :nodoc:
+    q.text sprintf("#<data %s:...>", PP.mcall(self, Kernel, :class).name)
+  end
+end if "3.2" <= RUBY_VERSION
+
 class Range # :nodoc:
   def pretty_print(q) # :nodoc:
     q.pp self.begin
@@ -609,10 +633,6 @@ end
 module Kernel
   # Returns a pretty printed object as a string.
   #
-  # In order to use this method you must first require the PP module:
-  #
-  #   require 'pp'
-  #
   # See the PP module for more information.
   def pretty_inspect
     PP.pp(self, ''.dup)
diff --git a/lib/prettyprint.gemspec b/lib/prettyprint.gemspec
index eae2227d60..a18adb174b 100644
--- a/lib/prettyprint.gemspec
+++ b/lib/prettyprint.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1).join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "prettyprint"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Tanaka Akira"]
   spec.email         = ["akr@fsij.org"]
 
diff --git a/lib/prettyprint.rb b/lib/prettyprint.rb
index 188c2e6db0..6f50192f5d 100644
--- a/lib/prettyprint.rb
+++ b/lib/prettyprint.rb
@@ -23,16 +23,18 @@
 #
 # == References
 # Christian Lindig, Strictly Pretty, March 2000,
-# http://www.st.cs.uni-sb.de/~lindig/papers/#pretty
+# https://lindig.github.io/papers/strictly-pretty-2000.pdf
 #
 # Philip Wadler, A prettier printer, March 1998,
-# http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/wadler/topics/language-design.html#prettier
+# https://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/wadler/topics/language-design.html#prettier
 #
 # == Author
 # Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
 #
 class PrettyPrint
 
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
+
   # This is a convenience method which is same as follows:
   #
   #   begin
diff --git a/lib/prism.rb b/lib/prism.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e44d163d02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# The Prism Ruby parser.
+#
+# "Parsing Ruby is suddenly manageable!"
+#   - You, hopefully
+#
+module Prism
+  # There are many files in prism that are templated to handle every node type,
+  # which means the files can end up being quite large. We autoload them to make
+  # our require speed faster since consuming libraries are unlikely to use all
+  # of these features.
+
+  autoload :BasicVisitor, "prism/visitor"
+  autoload :Compiler, "prism/compiler"
+  autoload :Debug, "prism/debug"
+  autoload :DesugarCompiler, "prism/desugar_compiler"
+  autoload :Dispatcher, "prism/dispatcher"
+  autoload :DotVisitor, "prism/dot_visitor"
+  autoload :DSL, "prism/dsl"
+  autoload :LexCompat, "prism/lex_compat"
+  autoload :LexRipper, "prism/lex_compat"
+  autoload :MutationCompiler, "prism/mutation_compiler"
+  autoload :NodeInspector, "prism/node_inspector"
+  autoload :RipperCompat, "prism/ripper_compat"
+  autoload :Pack, "prism/pack"
+  autoload :Pattern, "prism/pattern"
+  autoload :Serialize, "prism/serialize"
+  autoload :Visitor, "prism/visitor"
+
+  # Some of these constants are not meant to be exposed, so marking them as
+  # private here.
+
+  private_constant :Debug
+  private_constant :LexCompat
+  private_constant :LexRipper
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Prism::lex_compat(source, **options) -> ParseResult
+  #
+  # Returns a parse result whose value is an array of tokens that closely
+  # resembles the return value of Ripper::lex. The main difference is that the
+  # `:on_sp` token is not emitted.
+  #
+  # For supported options, see Prism::parse.
+  def self.lex_compat(source, **options)
+    LexCompat.new(source, **options).result
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Prism::lex_ripper(source) -> Array
+  #
+  # This lexes with the Ripper lex. It drops any space events but otherwise
+  # returns the same tokens. Raises SyntaxError if the syntax in source is
+  # invalid.
+  def self.lex_ripper(source)
+    LexRipper.new(source).result
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Prism::load(source, serialized) -> ParseResult
+  #
+  # Load the serialized AST using the source as a reference into a tree.
+  def self.load(source, serialized)
+    Serialize.load(source, serialized)
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Prism::parse_failure?(source, **options) -> bool
+  #
+  # Returns true if the source parses with errors.
+  def self.parse_failure?(source, **options)
+    !parse_success?(source, **options)
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Prism::parse_file_failure?(filepath, **options) -> bool
+  #
+  # Returns true if the file at filepath parses with errors.
+  def self.parse_file_failure?(filepath, **options)
+    !parse_file_success?(filepath, **options)
+  end
+end
+
+require_relative "prism/node"
+require_relative "prism/node_ext"
+require_relative "prism/parse_result"
+require_relative "prism/parse_result/comments"
+require_relative "prism/parse_result/newlines"
+
+# This is a Ruby implementation of the prism parser. If we're running on CRuby
+# and we haven't explicitly set the PRISM_FFI_BACKEND environment variable, then
+# it's going to require the built library. Otherwise, it's going to require a
+# module that uses FFI to call into the library.
+if RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" and !ENV["PRISM_FFI_BACKEND"]
+  require "prism/prism"
+else
+  require_relative "prism/ffi"
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/debug.rb b/lib/prism/debug.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e275fe1dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/debug.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  # This module is used for testing and debugging and is not meant to be used by
+  # consumers of this library.
+  module Debug
+    # A wrapper around a RubyVM::InstructionSequence that provides a more
+    # convenient interface for accessing parts of the iseq.
+    class ISeq # :nodoc:
+      attr_reader :parts
+
+      def initialize(parts)
+        @parts = parts
+      end
+
+      def type
+        parts[0]
+      end
+
+      def local_table
+        parts[10]
+      end
+
+      def instructions
+        parts[13]
+      end
+
+      def each_child
+        instructions.each do |instruction|
+          # Only look at arrays. Other instructions are line numbers or
+          # tracepoint events.
+          next unless instruction.is_a?(Array)
+
+          instruction.each do |opnd|
+            # Only look at arrays. Other operands are literals.
+            next unless opnd.is_a?(Array)
+
+            # Only look at instruction sequences. Other operands are literals.
+            next unless opnd[0] == "YARVInstructionSequence/SimpleDataFormat"
+
+            yield ISeq.new(opnd)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private_constant :ISeq
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Debug::cruby_locals(source) -> Array
+    #
+    # For the given source, compiles with CRuby and returns a list of all of the
+    # sets of local variables that were encountered.
+    def self.cruby_locals(source)
+      verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
+
+      begin
+        locals = []
+        stack = [ISeq.new(RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(source).to_a)]
+
+        while (iseq = stack.pop)
+          names = [*iseq.local_table]
+          names.map!.with_index do |name, index|
+            # When an anonymous local variable is present in the iseq's local
+            # table, it is represented as the stack offset from the top.
+            # However, when these are dumped to binary and read back in, they
+            # are replaced with the symbol :#arg_rest. To consistently handle
+            # this, we replace them here with their index.
+            if name == :"#arg_rest"
+              names.length - index + 1
+            else
+              name
+            end
+          end
+
+          locals << names
+          iseq.each_child { |child| stack << child }
+        end
+
+        locals
+      ensure
+        $VERBOSE = verbose
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Used to hold the place of a local that will be in the local table but
+    # cannot be accessed directly from the source code. For example, the
+    # iteration variable in a for loop or the positional parameter on a method
+    # definition that is destructured.
+    AnonymousLocal = Object.new
+    private_constant :AnonymousLocal
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Debug::prism_locals(source) -> Array
+    #
+    # For the given source, parses with prism and returns a list of all of the
+    # sets of local variables that were encountered.
+    def self.prism_locals(source)
+      locals = []
+      stack = [Prism.parse(source).value]
+
+      while (node = stack.pop)
+        case node
+        when BlockNode, DefNode, LambdaNode
+          names = node.locals
+          params =
+            if node.is_a?(DefNode)
+              node.parameters
+            elsif node.parameters.is_a?(NumberedParametersNode)
+              nil
+            else
+              node.parameters&.parameters
+            end
+
+          # prism places parameters in the same order that they appear in the
+          # source. CRuby places them in the order that they need to appear
+          # according to their own internal calling convention. We mimic that
+          # order here so that we can compare properly.
+          if params
+            sorted = [
+              *params.requireds.map do |required|
+                if required.is_a?(RequiredParameterNode)
+                  required.name
+                else
+                  AnonymousLocal
+                end
+              end,
+              *params.optionals.map(&:name),
+              *((params.rest.name || :*) if params.rest && !params.rest.is_a?(ImplicitRestNode)),
+              *params.posts.map do |post|
+                if post.is_a?(RequiredParameterNode)
+                  post.name
+                else
+                  AnonymousLocal
+                end
+              end,
+              *params.keywords.grep(RequiredKeywordParameterNode).map(&:name),
+              *params.keywords.grep(OptionalKeywordParameterNode).map(&:name),
+            ]
+
+            if params.keyword_rest.is_a?(ForwardingParameterNode)
+              sorted.push(:*, :&, :"...")
+            end
+
+            sorted << AnonymousLocal if params.keywords.any?
+
+            # Recurse down the parameter tree to find any destructured
+            # parameters and add them after the other parameters.
+            param_stack = params.requireds.concat(params.posts).grep(MultiTargetNode).reverse
+            while (param = param_stack.pop)
+              case param
+              when MultiTargetNode
+                param_stack.concat(param.rights.reverse)
+                param_stack << param.rest
+                param_stack.concat(param.lefts.reverse)
+              when RequiredParameterNode
+                sorted << param.name
+              when SplatNode
+                sorted << param.expression.name if param.expression
+              end
+            end
+
+            names = sorted.concat(names - sorted)
+          end
+
+          names.map!.with_index do |name, index|
+            if name == AnonymousLocal
+              names.length - index + 1
+            else
+              name
+            end
+          end
+
+          locals << names
+        when ClassNode, ModuleNode, ProgramNode, SingletonClassNode
+          locals << node.locals
+        when ForNode
+          locals << [2]
+        when PostExecutionNode
+          locals.push([], [])
+        when InterpolatedRegularExpressionNode
+          locals << [] if node.once?
+        end
+
+        stack.concat(node.compact_child_nodes)
+      end
+
+      locals
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Debug::newlines(source) -> Array
+    #
+    # For the given source string, return the byte offsets of every newline in
+    # the source.
+    def self.newlines(source)
+      Prism.parse(source).source.offsets
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/desugar_compiler.rb b/lib/prism/desugar_compiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..daca02f35e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/desugar_compiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  # DesugarCompiler is a compiler that desugars Ruby code into a more primitive
+  # form. This is useful for consumers that want to deal with fewer node types.
+  class DesugarCompiler < MutationCompiler
+    # @@foo &&= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # @@foo && @@foo = bar
+    def visit_class_variable_and_write_node(node)
+      desugar_and_write_node(node, ClassVariableReadNode, ClassVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # @@foo ||= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # defined?(@@foo) ? @@foo : @@foo = bar
+    def visit_class_variable_or_write_node(node)
+      desugar_or_write_defined_node(node, ClassVariableReadNode, ClassVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # @@foo += bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # @@foo = @@foo + bar
+    def visit_class_variable_operator_write_node(node)
+      desugar_operator_write_node(node, ClassVariableReadNode, ClassVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # Foo &&= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # Foo && Foo = bar
+    def visit_constant_and_write_node(node)
+      desugar_and_write_node(node, ConstantReadNode, ConstantWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # Foo ||= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # defined?(Foo) ? Foo : Foo = bar
+    def visit_constant_or_write_node(node)
+      desugar_or_write_defined_node(node, ConstantReadNode, ConstantWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # Foo += bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # Foo = Foo + bar
+    def visit_constant_operator_write_node(node)
+      desugar_operator_write_node(node, ConstantReadNode, ConstantWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # $foo &&= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # $foo && $foo = bar
+    def visit_global_variable_and_write_node(node)
+      desugar_and_write_node(node, GlobalVariableReadNode, GlobalVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # $foo ||= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # defined?($foo) ? $foo : $foo = bar
+    def visit_global_variable_or_write_node(node)
+      desugar_or_write_defined_node(node, GlobalVariableReadNode, GlobalVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # $foo += bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # $foo = $foo + bar
+    def visit_global_variable_operator_write_node(node)
+      desugar_operator_write_node(node, GlobalVariableReadNode, GlobalVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # @foo &&= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # @foo && @foo = bar
+    def visit_instance_variable_and_write_node(node)
+      desugar_and_write_node(node, InstanceVariableReadNode, InstanceVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # @foo ||= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # @foo || @foo = bar
+    def visit_instance_variable_or_write_node(node)
+      desugar_or_write_node(node, InstanceVariableReadNode, InstanceVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # @foo += bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # @foo = @foo + bar
+    def visit_instance_variable_operator_write_node(node)
+      desugar_operator_write_node(node, InstanceVariableReadNode, InstanceVariableWriteNode, node.name)
+    end
+
+    # foo &&= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # foo && foo = bar
+    def visit_local_variable_and_write_node(node)
+      desugar_and_write_node(node, LocalVariableReadNode, LocalVariableWriteNode, node.name, node.depth)
+    end
+
+    # foo ||= bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # foo || foo = bar
+    def visit_local_variable_or_write_node(node)
+      desugar_or_write_node(node, LocalVariableReadNode, LocalVariableWriteNode, node.name, node.depth)
+    end
+
+    # foo += bar
+    #
+    # becomes
+    #
+    # foo = foo + bar
+    def visit_local_variable_operator_write_node(node)
+      desugar_operator_write_node(node, LocalVariableReadNode, LocalVariableWriteNode, node.name, node.depth)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Desugar `x &&= y` to `x && x = y`
+    def desugar_and_write_node(node, read_class, write_class, *arguments)
+      AndNode.new(
+        read_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc),
+        write_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc, node.value, node.operator_loc, node.location),
+        node.operator_loc,
+        node.location
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Desugar `x += y` to `x = x + y`
+    def desugar_operator_write_node(node, read_class, write_class, *arguments)
+      write_class.new(
+        *arguments,
+        node.name_loc,
+        CallNode.new(
+          0,
+          read_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc),
+          nil,
+          node.operator_loc.slice.chomp("="),
+          node.operator_loc.copy(length: node.operator_loc.length - 1),
+          nil,
+          ArgumentsNode.new(0, [node.value], node.value.location),
+          nil,
+          nil,
+          node.location
+        ),
+        node.operator_loc.copy(start_offset: node.operator_loc.end_offset - 1, length: 1),
+        node.location
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Desugar `x ||= y` to `x || x = y`
+    def desugar_or_write_node(node, read_class, write_class, *arguments)
+      OrNode.new(
+        read_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc),
+        write_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc, node.value, node.operator_loc, node.location),
+        node.operator_loc,
+        node.location
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Desugar `x ||= y` to `defined?(x) ? x : x = y`
+    def desugar_or_write_defined_node(node, read_class, write_class, *arguments)
+      IfNode.new(
+        node.operator_loc,
+        DefinedNode.new(nil, read_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc), nil, node.operator_loc, node.name_loc),
+        node.operator_loc,
+        StatementsNode.new([read_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc)], node.location),
+        ElseNode.new(
+          node.operator_loc,
+          StatementsNode.new(
+            [write_class.new(*arguments, node.name_loc, node.value, node.operator_loc, node.location)],
+            node.location
+          ),
+          node.operator_loc,
+          node.location
+        ),
+        node.operator_loc,
+        node.location
+      )
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/ffi.rb b/lib/prism/ffi.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8324f722a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/ffi.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This file is responsible for mirroring the API provided by the C extension by
+# using FFI to call into the shared library.
+
+require "rbconfig"
+require "ffi"
+
+module Prism
+  BACKEND = :FFI
+
+  module LibRubyParser # :nodoc:
+    extend FFI::Library
+
+    # Define the library that we will be pulling functions from. Note that this
+    # must align with the build shared library from make/rake.
+    ffi_lib File.expand_path("../../build/libprism.#{RbConfig::CONFIG["SOEXT"]}", __dir__)
+
+    # Convert a native C type declaration into a symbol that FFI understands.
+    # For example:
+    #
+    #     const char * -> :pointer
+    #     bool         -> :bool
+    #     size_t       -> :size_t
+    #     void         -> :void
+    #
+    def self.resolve_type(type)
+      type = type.strip
+      type.end_with?("*") ? :pointer : type.delete_prefix("const ").to_sym
+    end
+
+    # Read through the given header file and find the declaration of each of the
+    # given functions. For each one, define a function with the same name and
+    # signature as the C function.
+    def self.load_exported_functions_from(header, *functions)
+      File.foreach(File.expand_path("../../include/#{header}", __dir__)) do |line|
+        # We only want to attempt to load exported functions.
+        next unless line.start_with?("PRISM_EXPORTED_FUNCTION ")
+
+        # We only want to load the functions that we are interested in.
+        next unless functions.any? { |function| line.include?(function) }
+
+        # Parse the function declaration.
+        unless /^PRISM_EXPORTED_FUNCTION (?<return_type>.+) (?<name>\w+)\((?<arg_types>.+)\);$/ =~ line
+          raise "Could not parse #{line}"
+        end
+
+        # Delete the function from the list of functions we are looking for to
+        # mark it as having been found.
+        functions.delete(name)
+
+        # Split up the argument types into an array, ensure we handle the case
+        # where there are no arguments (by explicit void).
+        arg_types = arg_types.split(",").map(&:strip)
+        arg_types = [] if arg_types == %w[void]
+
+        # Resolve the type of the argument by dropping the name of the argument
+        # first if it is present.
+        arg_types.map! { |type| resolve_type(type.sub(/\w+$/, "")) }
+
+        # Attach the function using the FFI library.
+        attach_function name, arg_types, resolve_type(return_type)
+      end
+
+      # If we didn't find all of the functions, raise an error.
+      raise "Could not find functions #{functions.inspect}" unless functions.empty?
+    end
+
+    load_exported_functions_from(
+      "prism.h",
+      "pm_version",
+      "pm_serialize_parse",
+      "pm_serialize_parse_comments",
+      "pm_serialize_lex",
+      "pm_serialize_parse_lex",
+      "pm_parse_success_p"
+    )
+
+    load_exported_functions_from(
+      "prism/util/pm_buffer.h",
+      "pm_buffer_sizeof",
+      "pm_buffer_init",
+      "pm_buffer_value",
+      "pm_buffer_length",
+      "pm_buffer_free"
+    )
+
+    load_exported_functions_from(
+      "prism/util/pm_string.h",
+      "pm_string_mapped_init",
+      "pm_string_free",
+      "pm_string_source",
+      "pm_string_length",
+      "pm_string_sizeof"
+    )
+
+    # This object represents a pm_buffer_t. We only use it as an opaque pointer,
+    # so it doesn't need to know the fields of pm_buffer_t.
+    class PrismBuffer # :nodoc:
+      SIZEOF = LibRubyParser.pm_buffer_sizeof
+
+      attr_reader :pointer
+
+      def initialize(pointer)
+        @pointer = pointer
+      end
+
+      def value
+        LibRubyParser.pm_buffer_value(pointer)
+      end
+
+      def length
+        LibRubyParser.pm_buffer_length(pointer)
+      end
+
+      def read
+        value.read_string(length)
+      end
+
+      # Initialize a new buffer and yield it to the block. The buffer will be
+      # automatically freed when the block returns.
+      def self.with(&block)
+        pointer = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(SIZEOF)
+
+        begin
+          raise unless LibRubyParser.pm_buffer_init(pointer)
+          yield new(pointer)
+        ensure
+          LibRubyParser.pm_buffer_free(pointer)
+          pointer.free
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # This object represents a pm_string_t. We only use it as an opaque pointer,
+    # so it doesn't have to be an FFI::Struct.
+    class PrismString # :nodoc:
+      SIZEOF = LibRubyParser.pm_string_sizeof
+
+      attr_reader :pointer
+
+      def initialize(pointer)
+        @pointer = pointer
+      end
+
+      def source
+        LibRubyParser.pm_string_source(pointer)
+      end
+
+      def length
+        LibRubyParser.pm_string_length(pointer)
+      end
+
+      def read
+        source.read_string(length)
+      end
+
+      # Yields a pm_string_t pointer to the given block.
+      def self.with(filepath, &block)
+        pointer = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(SIZEOF)
+
+        begin
+          raise unless LibRubyParser.pm_string_mapped_init(pointer, filepath)
+          yield new(pointer)
+        ensure
+          LibRubyParser.pm_string_free(pointer)
+          pointer.free
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Mark the LibRubyParser module as private as it should only be called through
+  # the prism module.
+  private_constant :LibRubyParser
+
+  # The version constant is set by reading the result of calling pm_version.
+  VERSION = LibRubyParser.pm_version.read_string
+
+  class << self
+    # Mirror the Prism.dump API by using the serialization API.
+    def dump(code, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismBuffer.with do |buffer|
+        LibRubyParser.pm_serialize_parse(buffer.pointer, code, code.bytesize, dump_options(options))
+        buffer.read
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.dump_file API by using the serialization API.
+    def dump_file(filepath, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismString.with(filepath) do |string|
+        dump(string.read, **options, filepath: filepath)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.lex API by using the serialization API.
+    def lex(code, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismBuffer.with do |buffer|
+        LibRubyParser.pm_serialize_lex(buffer.pointer, code, code.bytesize, dump_options(options))
+        Serialize.load_tokens(Source.new(code), buffer.read)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.lex_file API by using the serialization API.
+    def lex_file(filepath, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismString.with(filepath) do |string|
+        lex(string.read, **options, filepath: filepath)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse API by using the serialization API.
+    def parse(code, **options)
+      Prism.load(code, dump(code, **options))
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_file API by using the serialization API. This uses
+    # native strings instead of Ruby strings because it allows us to use mmap when
+    # it is available.
+    def parse_file(filepath, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismString.with(filepath) do |string|
+        parse(string.read, **options, filepath: filepath)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_comments API by using the serialization API.
+    def parse_comments(code, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismBuffer.with do |buffer|
+        LibRubyParser.pm_serialize_parse_comments(buffer.pointer, code, code.bytesize, dump_options(options))
+
+        source = Source.new(code)
+        loader = Serialize::Loader.new(source, buffer.read)
+
+        loader.load_header
+        loader.load_encoding
+        loader.load_start_line
+        loader.load_comments
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_file_comments API by using the serialization
+    # API. This uses native strings instead of Ruby strings because it allows us
+    # to use mmap when it is available.
+    def parse_file_comments(filepath, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismString.with(filepath) do |string|
+        parse_comments(string.read, **options, filepath: filepath)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_lex API by using the serialization API.
+    def parse_lex(code, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismBuffer.with do |buffer|
+        LibRubyParser.pm_serialize_parse_lex(buffer.pointer, code, code.bytesize, dump_options(options))
+
+        source = Source.new(code)
+        loader = Serialize::Loader.new(source, buffer.read)
+
+        tokens = loader.load_tokens
+        node, comments, magic_comments, data_loc, errors, warnings = loader.load_nodes
+        tokens.each { |token,| token.value.force_encoding(loader.encoding) }
+
+        ParseResult.new([node, tokens], comments, magic_comments, data_loc, errors, warnings, source)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_lex_file API by using the serialization API.
+    def parse_lex_file(filepath, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismString.with(filepath) do |string|
+        parse_lex(string.read, **options, filepath: filepath)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_success? API by using the serialization API.
+    def parse_success?(code, **options)
+      LibRubyParser.pm_parse_success_p(code, code.bytesize, dump_options(options))
+    end
+
+    # Mirror the Prism.parse_file_success? API by using the serialization API.
+    def parse_file_success?(filepath, **options)
+      LibRubyParser::PrismString.with(filepath) do |string|
+        parse_success?(string.read, **options, filepath: filepath)
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Convert the given options into a serialized options string.
+    def dump_options(options)
+      template = +""
+      values = []
+
+      template << "L"
+      if (filepath = options[:filepath])
+        values.push(filepath.bytesize, filepath.b)
+        template << "A*"
+      else
+        values << 0
+      end
+
+      template << "L"
+      values << options.fetch(:line, 1)
+
+      template << "L"
+      if (encoding = options[:encoding])
+        name = encoding.name
+        values.push(name.bytesize, name.b)
+        template << "A*"
+      else
+        values << 0
+      end
+
+      template << "C"
+      values << (options.fetch(:frozen_string_literal, false) ? 1 : 0)
+
+      template << "C"
+      values << (options.fetch(:verbose, true) ? 0 : 1)
+
+      template << "L"
+      if (scopes = options[:scopes])
+        values << scopes.length
+
+        scopes.each do |scope|
+          template << "L"
+          values << scope.length
+
+          scope.each do |local|
+            name = local.name
+            template << "L"
+            values << name.bytesize
+
+            template << "A*"
+            values << name.b
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        values << 0
+      end
+
+      values.pack(template)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/lex_compat.rb b/lib/prism/lex_compat.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c23933714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/lex_compat.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,892 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "delegate"
+
+module Prism
+  # This class is responsible for lexing the source using prism and then
+  # converting those tokens to be compatible with Ripper. In the vast majority
+  # of cases, this is a one-to-one mapping of the token type. Everything else
+  # generally lines up. However, there are a few cases that require special
+  # handling.
+  class LexCompat # :nodoc:
+    # This is a mapping of prism token types to Ripper token types. This is a
+    # many-to-one mapping because we split up our token types, whereas Ripper
+    # tends to group them.
+    RIPPER = {
+      AMPERSAND: :on_op,
+      AMPERSAND_AMPERSAND: :on_op,
+      AMPERSAND_AMPERSAND_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      AMPERSAND_DOT: :on_op,
+      AMPERSAND_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      BACK_REFERENCE: :on_backref,
+      BACKTICK: :on_backtick,
+      BANG: :on_op,
+      BANG_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      BANG_TILDE: :on_op,
+      BRACE_LEFT: :on_lbrace,
+      BRACE_RIGHT: :on_rbrace,
+      BRACKET_LEFT: :on_lbracket,
+      BRACKET_LEFT_ARRAY: :on_lbracket,
+      BRACKET_LEFT_RIGHT: :on_op,
+      BRACKET_LEFT_RIGHT_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      BRACKET_RIGHT: :on_rbracket,
+      CARET: :on_op,
+      CARET_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      CHARACTER_LITERAL: :on_CHAR,
+      CLASS_VARIABLE: :on_cvar,
+      COLON: :on_op,
+      COLON_COLON: :on_op,
+      COMMA: :on_comma,
+      COMMENT: :on_comment,
+      CONSTANT: :on_const,
+      DOT: :on_period,
+      DOT_DOT: :on_op,
+      DOT_DOT_DOT: :on_op,
+      EMBDOC_BEGIN: :on_embdoc_beg,
+      EMBDOC_END: :on_embdoc_end,
+      EMBDOC_LINE: :on_embdoc,
+      EMBEXPR_BEGIN: :on_embexpr_beg,
+      EMBEXPR_END: :on_embexpr_end,
+      EMBVAR: :on_embvar,
+      EOF: :on_eof,
+      EQUAL: :on_op,
+      EQUAL_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      EQUAL_EQUAL_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      EQUAL_GREATER: :on_op,
+      EQUAL_TILDE: :on_op,
+      FLOAT: :on_float,
+      FLOAT_IMAGINARY: :on_imaginary,
+      FLOAT_RATIONAL: :on_rational,
+      FLOAT_RATIONAL_IMAGINARY: :on_imaginary,
+      GREATER: :on_op,
+      GREATER_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      GREATER_GREATER: :on_op,
+      GREATER_GREATER_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      GLOBAL_VARIABLE: :on_gvar,
+      HEREDOC_END: :on_heredoc_end,
+      HEREDOC_START: :on_heredoc_beg,
+      IDENTIFIER: :on_ident,
+      IGNORED_NEWLINE: :on_ignored_nl,
+      INTEGER: :on_int,
+      INTEGER_IMAGINARY: :on_imaginary,
+      INTEGER_RATIONAL: :on_rational,
+      INTEGER_RATIONAL_IMAGINARY: :on_imaginary,
+      INSTANCE_VARIABLE: :on_ivar,
+      INVALID: :INVALID,
+      KEYWORD___ENCODING__: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD___LINE__: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD___FILE__: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_ALIAS: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_AND: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_BEGIN: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_BEGIN_UPCASE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_BREAK: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_CASE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_CLASS: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_DEF: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_DEFINED: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_DO: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_DO_LOOP: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_ELSE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_ELSIF: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_END: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_END_UPCASE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_ENSURE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_FALSE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_FOR: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_IF: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_IF_MODIFIER: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_IN: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_MODULE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_NEXT: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_NIL: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_NOT: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_OR: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_REDO: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_RESCUE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_RESCUE_MODIFIER: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_RETRY: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_RETURN: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_SELF: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_SUPER: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_THEN: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_TRUE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_UNDEF: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_UNLESS: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_UNLESS_MODIFIER: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_UNTIL: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_UNTIL_MODIFIER: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_WHEN: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_WHILE: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_WHILE_MODIFIER: :on_kw,
+      KEYWORD_YIELD: :on_kw,
+      LABEL: :on_label,
+      LABEL_END: :on_label_end,
+      LAMBDA_BEGIN: :on_tlambeg,
+      LESS: :on_op,
+      LESS_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      LESS_EQUAL_GREATER: :on_op,
+      LESS_LESS: :on_op,
+      LESS_LESS_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      METHOD_NAME: :on_ident,
+      MINUS: :on_op,
+      MINUS_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      MINUS_GREATER: :on_tlambda,
+      NEWLINE: :on_nl,
+      NUMBERED_REFERENCE: :on_backref,
+      PARENTHESIS_LEFT: :on_lparen,
+      PARENTHESIS_LEFT_PARENTHESES: :on_lparen,
+      PARENTHESIS_RIGHT: :on_rparen,
+      PERCENT: :on_op,
+      PERCENT_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      PERCENT_LOWER_I: :on_qsymbols_beg,
+      PERCENT_LOWER_W: :on_qwords_beg,
+      PERCENT_LOWER_X: :on_backtick,
+      PERCENT_UPPER_I: :on_symbols_beg,
+      PERCENT_UPPER_W: :on_words_beg,
+      PIPE: :on_op,
+      PIPE_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      PIPE_PIPE: :on_op,
+      PIPE_PIPE_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      PLUS: :on_op,
+      PLUS_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      QUESTION_MARK: :on_op,
+      RATIONAL_FLOAT: :on_rational,
+      RATIONAL_INTEGER: :on_rational,
+      REGEXP_BEGIN: :on_regexp_beg,
+      REGEXP_END: :on_regexp_end,
+      SEMICOLON: :on_semicolon,
+      SLASH: :on_op,
+      SLASH_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      STAR: :on_op,
+      STAR_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      STAR_STAR: :on_op,
+      STAR_STAR_EQUAL: :on_op,
+      STRING_BEGIN: :on_tstring_beg,
+      STRING_CONTENT: :on_tstring_content,
+      STRING_END: :on_tstring_end,
+      SYMBOL_BEGIN: :on_symbeg,
+      TILDE: :on_op,
+      UAMPERSAND: :on_op,
+      UCOLON_COLON: :on_op,
+      UDOT_DOT: :on_op,
+      UDOT_DOT_DOT: :on_op,
+      UMINUS: :on_op,
+      UMINUS_NUM: :on_op,
+      UPLUS: :on_op,
+      USTAR: :on_op,
+      USTAR_STAR: :on_op,
+      WORDS_SEP: :on_words_sep,
+      "__END__": :on___end__
+    }.freeze
+
+    # When we produce tokens, we produce the same arrays that Ripper does.
+    # However, we add a couple of convenience methods onto them to make them a
+    # little easier to work with. We delegate all other methods to the array.
+    class Token < SimpleDelegator
+      # The location of the token in the source.
+      def location
+        self[0]
+      end
+
+      # The type of the token.
+      def event
+        self[1]
+      end
+
+      # The slice of the source that this token represents.
+      def value
+        self[2]
+      end
+
+      # The state of the lexer when this token was produced.
+      def state
+        self[3]
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Ripper doesn't include the rest of the token in the event, so we need to
+    # trim it down to just the content on the first line when comparing.
+    class EndContentToken < Token
+      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
+        [self[0], self[1], self[2][0..self[2].index("\n")], self[3]] == other
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Tokens where state should be ignored
+    # used for :on_comment, :on_heredoc_end, :on_embexpr_end
+    class IgnoreStateToken < Token
+      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
+        self[0...-1] == other[0...-1]
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Ident tokens for the most part are exactly the same, except sometimes we
+    # know an ident is a local when ripper doesn't (when they are introduced
+    # through named captures in regular expressions). In that case we don't
+    # compare the state.
+    class IdentToken < Token
+      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
+        (self[0...-1] == other[0...-1]) && (
+          (other[3] == Ripper::EXPR_LABEL | Ripper::EXPR_END) ||
+          (other[3] & Ripper::EXPR_ARG_ANY != 0)
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Ignored newlines can occasionally have a LABEL state attached to them, so
+    # we compare the state differently here.
+    class IgnoredNewlineToken < Token
+      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
+        return false unless self[0...-1] == other[0...-1]
+
+        if self[4] == Ripper::EXPR_ARG | Ripper::EXPR_LABELED
+          other[4] & Ripper::EXPR_ARG | Ripper::EXPR_LABELED > 0
+        else
+          self[4] == other[4]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # If we have an identifier that follows a method name like:
+    #
+    #     def foo bar
+    #
+    # then Ripper will mark bar as END|LABEL if there is a local in a parent
+    # scope named bar because it hasn't pushed the local table yet. We do this
+    # more accurately, so we need to allow comparing against both END and
+    # END|LABEL.
+    class ParamToken < Token
+      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
+        (self[0...-1] == other[0...-1]) && (
+          (other[3] == Ripper::EXPR_END) ||
+          (other[3] == Ripper::EXPR_END | Ripper::EXPR_LABEL)
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    # A heredoc in this case is a list of tokens that belong to the body of the
+    # heredoc that should be appended onto the list of tokens when the heredoc
+    # closes.
+    module Heredoc # :nodoc:
+      # Heredocs that are no dash or tilde heredocs are just a list of tokens.
+      # We need to keep them around so that we can insert them in the correct
+      # order back into the token stream and set the state of the last token to
+      # the state that the heredoc was opened in.
+      class PlainHeredoc # :nodoc:
+        attr_reader :tokens
+
+        def initialize
+          @tokens = []
+        end
+
+        def <<(token)
+          tokens << token
+        end
+
+        def to_a
+          tokens
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Dash heredocs are a little more complicated. They are a list of tokens
+      # that need to be split on "\\\n" to mimic Ripper's behavior. We also need
+      # to keep track of the state that the heredoc was opened in.
+      class DashHeredoc # :nodoc:
+        attr_reader :split, :tokens
+
+        def initialize(split)
+          @split = split
+          @tokens = []
+        end
+
+        def <<(token)
+          tokens << token
+        end
+
+        def to_a
+          embexpr_balance = 0
+
+          tokens.each_with_object([]) do |token, results|
+            case token.event
+            when :on_embexpr_beg
+              embexpr_balance += 1
+              results << token
+            when :on_embexpr_end
+              embexpr_balance -= 1
+              results << token
+            when :on_tstring_content
+              if embexpr_balance == 0
+                lineno = token[0][0]
+                column = token[0][1]
+
+                if split
+                  # Split on "\\\n" to mimic Ripper's behavior. Use a lookbehind
+                  # to keep the delimiter in the result.
+                  token.value.split(/(?<=[^\\]\\\n)|(?<=[^\\]\\\r\n)/).each_with_index do |value, index|
+                    column = 0 if index > 0
+                    results << Token.new([[lineno, column], :on_tstring_content, value, token.state])
+                    lineno += value.count("\n")
+                  end
+                else
+                  results << token
+                end
+              else
+                results << token
+              end
+            else
+              results << token
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Heredocs that are dedenting heredocs are a little more complicated.
+      # Ripper outputs on_ignored_sp tokens for the whitespace that is being
+      # removed from the output. prism only modifies the node itself and keeps
+      # the token the same. This simplifies prism, but makes comparing against
+      # Ripper much harder because there is a length mismatch.
+      #
+      # Fortunately, we already have to pull out the heredoc tokens in order to
+      # insert them into the stream in the correct order. As such, we can do
+      # some extra manipulation on the tokens to make them match Ripper's
+      # output by mirroring the dedent logic that Ripper uses.
+      class DedentingHeredoc # :nodoc:
+        TAB_WIDTH = 8
+
+        attr_reader :tokens, :dedent_next, :dedent, :embexpr_balance
+
+        def initialize
+          @tokens = []
+          @dedent_next = true
+          @dedent = nil
+          @embexpr_balance = 0
+          @ended_on_newline = false
+        end
+
+        # As tokens are coming in, we track the minimum amount of common leading
+        # whitespace on plain string content tokens. This allows us to later
+        # remove that amount of whitespace from the beginning of each line.
+        def <<(token)
+          case token.event
+          when :on_embexpr_beg, :on_heredoc_beg
+            @embexpr_balance += 1
+            @dedent = 0 if @dedent_next && @ended_on_newline
+          when :on_embexpr_end, :on_heredoc_end
+            @embexpr_balance -= 1
+          when :on_tstring_content
+            if embexpr_balance == 0
+              line = token.value
+
+              if dedent_next && !(line.strip.empty? && line.end_with?("\n"))
+                leading = line[/\A(\s*)\n?/, 1]
+                next_dedent = 0
+
+                leading.each_char do |char|
+                  if char == "\t"
+                    next_dedent = next_dedent - (next_dedent % TAB_WIDTH) + TAB_WIDTH
+                  else
+                    next_dedent += 1
+                  end
+                end
+
+                @dedent = [dedent, next_dedent].compact.min
+                @dedent_next = true
+                @ended_on_newline = line.end_with?("\n")
+                tokens << token
+                return
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          @dedent_next = token.event == :on_tstring_content && embexpr_balance == 0
+          @ended_on_newline = false
+          tokens << token
+        end
+
+        def to_a
+          # If every line in the heredoc is blank, we still need to split up the
+          # string content token into multiple tokens.
+          if dedent.nil?
+            results = []
+            embexpr_balance = 0
+
+            tokens.each do |token|
+              case token.event
+              when :on_embexpr_beg, :on_heredoc_beg
+                embexpr_balance += 1
+                results << token
+              when :on_embexpr_end, :on_heredoc_end
+                embexpr_balance -= 1
+                results << token
+              when :on_tstring_content
+                if embexpr_balance == 0
+                  lineno = token[0][0]
+                  column = token[0][1]
+
+                  token.value.split(/(?<=\n)/).each_with_index do |value, index|
+                    column = 0 if index > 0
+                    results << Token.new([[lineno, column], :on_tstring_content, value, token.state])
+                    lineno += 1
+                  end
+                else
+                  results << token
+                end
+              else
+                results << token
+              end
+            end
+
+            return results
+          end
+
+          # If the minimum common whitespace is 0, then we need to concatenate
+          # string nodes together that are immediately adjacent.
+          if dedent == 0
+            results = []
+            embexpr_balance = 0
+
+            index = 0
+            max_index = tokens.length
+
+            while index < max_index
+              token = tokens[index]
+              results << token
+              index += 1
+
+              case token.event
+              when :on_embexpr_beg, :on_heredoc_beg
+                embexpr_balance += 1
+              when :on_embexpr_end, :on_heredoc_end
+                embexpr_balance -= 1
+              when :on_tstring_content
+                if embexpr_balance == 0
+                  while index < max_index && tokens[index].event == :on_tstring_content
+                    token.value << tokens[index].value
+                    index += 1
+                  end
+                end
+              end
+            end
+
+            return results
+          end
+
+          # Otherwise, we're going to run through each token in the list and
+          # insert on_ignored_sp tokens for the amount of dedent that we need to
+          # perform. We also need to remove the dedent from the beginning of
+          # each line of plain string content tokens.
+          results = []
+          dedent_next = true
+          embexpr_balance = 0
+
+          tokens.each do |token|
+            # Notice that the structure of this conditional largely matches the
+            # whitespace calculation we performed above. This is because
+            # checking if the subsequent token needs to be dedented is common to
+            # both the dedent calculation and the ignored_sp insertion.
+            case token.event
+            when :on_embexpr_beg
+              embexpr_balance += 1
+              results << token
+            when :on_embexpr_end
+              embexpr_balance -= 1
+              results << token
+            when :on_tstring_content
+              if embexpr_balance == 0
+                # Here we're going to split the string on newlines, but maintain
+                # the newlines in the resulting array. We'll do that with a look
+                # behind assertion.
+                splits = token.value.split(/(?<=\n)/)
+                index = 0
+
+                while index < splits.length
+                  line = splits[index]
+                  lineno = token[0][0] + index
+                  column = token[0][1]
+
+                  # Blank lines do not count toward common leading whitespace
+                  # calculation and do not need to be dedented.
+                  if dedent_next || index > 0
+                    column = 0
+                  end
+
+                  # If the dedent is 0 and we're not supposed to dedent the next
+                  # line or this line doesn't start with whitespace, then we
+                  # should concatenate the rest of the string to match ripper.
+                  if dedent == 0 && (!dedent_next || !line.start_with?(/\s/))
+                    line = splits[index..].join
+                    index = splits.length
+                  end
+
+                  # If we are supposed to dedent this line or if this is not the
+                  # first line of the string and this line isn't entirely blank,
+                  # then we need to insert an on_ignored_sp token and remove the
+                  # dedent from the beginning of the line.
+                  if (dedent > 0) && (dedent_next || index > 0)
+                    deleting = 0
+                    deleted_chars = []
+
+                    # Gather up all of the characters that we're going to
+                    # delete, stopping when you hit a character that would put
+                    # you over the dedent amount.
+                    line.each_char.with_index do |char, i|
+                      case char
+                      when "\r"
+                        if line[i + 1] == "\n"
+                          break
+                        end
+                      when "\n"
+                        break
+                      when "\t"
+                        deleting = deleting - (deleting % TAB_WIDTH) + TAB_WIDTH
+                      else
+                        deleting += 1
+                      end
+
+                      break if deleting > dedent
+                      deleted_chars << char
+                    end
+
+                    # If we have something to delete, then delete it from the
+                    # string and insert an on_ignored_sp token.
+                    if deleted_chars.any?
+                      ignored = deleted_chars.join
+                      line.delete_prefix!(ignored)
+
+                      results << Token.new([[lineno, 0], :on_ignored_sp, ignored, token[3]])
+                      column = ignored.length
+                    end
+                  end
+
+                  results << Token.new([[lineno, column], token[1], line, token[3]]) unless line.empty?
+                  index += 1
+                end
+              else
+                results << token
+              end
+            else
+              results << token
+            end
+
+            dedent_next =
+              ((token.event == :on_tstring_content) || (token.event == :on_heredoc_end)) &&
+              embexpr_balance == 0
+          end
+
+          results
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Here we will split between the two types of heredocs and return the
+      # object that will store their tokens.
+      def self.build(opening)
+        case opening.value[2]
+        when "~"
+          DedentingHeredoc.new
+        when "-"
+          DashHeredoc.new(opening.value[3] != "'")
+        else
+          PlainHeredoc.new
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private_constant :Heredoc
+
+    attr_reader :source, :options
+
+    def initialize(source, **options)
+      @source = source
+      @options = options
+    end
+
+    def result
+      tokens = []
+
+      state = :default
+      heredoc_stack = [[]]
+
+      result = Prism.lex(source, **options)
+      result_value = result.value
+      previous_state = nil
+      last_heredoc_end = nil
+
+      # In previous versions of Ruby, Ripper wouldn't flush the bom before the
+      # first token, so we had to have a hack in place to account for that. This
+      # checks for that behavior.
+      bom_flushed = Ripper.lex("\xEF\xBB\xBF# test")[0][0][1] == 0
+      bom = source.byteslice(0..2) == "\xEF\xBB\xBF"
+
+      result_value.each_with_index do |(token, lex_state), index|
+        lineno = token.location.start_line
+        column = token.location.start_column
+
+        # If there's a UTF-8 byte-order mark as the start of the file, then for
+        # certain tokens ripper sets the first token back by 3 bytes. It also
+        # keeps the byte order mark in the first token's value. This is weird,
+        # and I don't want to mirror that in our parser. So instead, we'll match
+        # up the columns and values here.
+        if bom && lineno == 1
+          column -= 3
+
+          if index == 0 && column == 0 && !bom_flushed
+            flushed =
+              case token.type
+              when :BACK_REFERENCE, :INSTANCE_VARIABLE, :CLASS_VARIABLE,
+                  :GLOBAL_VARIABLE, :NUMBERED_REFERENCE, :PERCENT_LOWER_I,
+                  :PERCENT_LOWER_X, :PERCENT_LOWER_W, :PERCENT_UPPER_I,
+                  :PERCENT_UPPER_W, :STRING_BEGIN
+                true
+              when :REGEXP_BEGIN, :SYMBOL_BEGIN
+                token.value.start_with?("%")
+              else
+                false
+              end
+
+            unless flushed
+              column -= 3
+              value = token.value
+              value.prepend(String.new("\xEF\xBB\xBF", encoding: value.encoding))
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        event = RIPPER.fetch(token.type)
+        value = token.value
+        lex_state = Ripper::Lexer::State.new(lex_state)
+
+        token =
+          case event
+          when :on___end__
+            EndContentToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          when :on_comment
+            IgnoreStateToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          when :on_heredoc_end
+            # Heredoc end tokens can be emitted in an odd order, so we don't
+            # want to bother comparing the state on them.
+            last_heredoc_end = token.location.end_offset
+            IgnoreStateToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          when :on_ident
+            if lex_state == Ripper::EXPR_END
+              # If we have an identifier that follows a method name like:
+              #
+              #     def foo bar
+              #
+              # then Ripper will mark bar as END|LABEL if there is a local in a
+              # parent scope named bar because it hasn't pushed the local table
+              # yet. We do this more accurately, so we need to allow comparing
+              # against both END and END|LABEL.
+              ParamToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+            elsif lex_state == Ripper::EXPR_END | Ripper::EXPR_LABEL
+              # In the event that we're comparing identifiers, we're going to
+              # allow a little divergence. Ripper doesn't account for local
+              # variables introduced through named captures in regexes, and we
+              # do, which accounts for this difference.
+              IdentToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+            else
+              Token.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+            end
+          when :on_embexpr_end
+            IgnoreStateToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          when :on_ignored_nl
+            # Ignored newlines can occasionally have a LABEL state attached to
+            # them which doesn't actually impact anything. We don't mirror that
+            # state so we ignored it.
+            IgnoredNewlineToken.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          when :on_regexp_end
+            # On regex end, Ripper scans and then sets end state, so the ripper
+            # lexed output is begin, when it should be end. prism sets lex state
+            # correctly to end state, but we want to be able to compare against
+            # Ripper's lexed state. So here, if it's a regexp end token, we
+            # output the state as the previous state, solely for the sake of
+            # comparison.
+            previous_token = result_value[index - 1][0]
+            lex_state =
+              if RIPPER.fetch(previous_token.type) == :on_embexpr_end
+                # If the previous token is embexpr_end, then we have to do even
+                # more processing. The end of an embedded expression sets the
+                # state to the state that it had at the beginning of the
+                # embedded expression. So we have to go and find that state and
+                # set it here.
+                counter = 1
+                current_index = index - 1
+
+                until counter == 0
+                  current_index -= 1
+                  current_event = RIPPER.fetch(result_value[current_index][0].type)
+                  counter += { on_embexpr_beg: -1, on_embexpr_end: 1 }[current_event] || 0
+                end
+
+                Ripper::Lexer::State.new(result_value[current_index][1])
+              else
+                previous_state
+              end
+
+            Token.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          when :on_eof
+            previous_token = result_value[index - 1][0]
+
+            # If we're at the end of the file and the previous token was a
+            # comment and there is still whitespace after the comment, then
+            # Ripper will append a on_nl token (even though there isn't
+            # necessarily a newline). We mirror that here.
+            if previous_token.type == :COMMENT
+              # If the comment is at the start of a heredoc: <<HEREDOC # comment
+              # then the comment's end_offset is up near the heredoc_beg.
+              # This is not the correct offset to use for figuring out if
+              # there is trailing whitespace after the last token.
+              # Use the greater offset of the two to determine the start of
+              # the trailing whitespace.
+              start_offset = [previous_token.location.end_offset, last_heredoc_end].compact.max
+              end_offset = token.location.start_offset
+
+              if start_offset < end_offset
+                if bom
+                  start_offset += 3
+                  end_offset += 3
+                end
+
+                tokens << Token.new([[lineno, 0], :on_nl, source.byteslice(start_offset...end_offset), lex_state])
+              end
+            end
+
+            Token.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          else
+            Token.new([[lineno, column], event, value, lex_state])
+          end
+
+        previous_state = lex_state
+
+        # The order in which tokens appear in our lexer is different from the
+        # order that they appear in Ripper. When we hit the declaration of a
+        # heredoc in prism, we skip forward and lex the rest of the content of
+        # the heredoc before going back and lexing at the end of the heredoc
+        # identifier.
+        #
+        # To match up to ripper, we keep a small state variable around here to
+        # track whether we're in the middle of a heredoc or not. In this way we
+        # can shuffle around the token to match Ripper's output.
+        case state
+        when :default
+          # The default state is when there are no heredocs at all. In this
+          # state we can append the token to the list of tokens and move on.
+          tokens << token
+
+          # If we get the declaration of a heredoc, then we open a new heredoc
+          # and move into the heredoc_opened state.
+          if event == :on_heredoc_beg
+            state = :heredoc_opened
+            heredoc_stack.last << Heredoc.build(token)
+          end
+        when :heredoc_opened
+          # The heredoc_opened state is when we've seen the declaration of a
+          # heredoc and are now lexing the body of the heredoc. In this state we
+          # push tokens onto the most recently created heredoc.
+          heredoc_stack.last.last << token
+
+          case event
+          when :on_heredoc_beg
+            # If we receive a heredoc declaration while lexing the body of a
+            # heredoc, this means we have nested heredocs. In this case we'll
+            # push a new heredoc onto the stack and stay in the heredoc_opened
+            # state since we're now lexing the body of the new heredoc.
+            heredoc_stack << [Heredoc.build(token)]
+          when :on_heredoc_end
+            # If we receive the end of a heredoc, then we're done lexing the
+            # body of the heredoc. In this case we now have a completed heredoc
+            # but need to wait for the next newline to push it into the token
+            # stream.
+            state = :heredoc_closed
+          end
+        when :heredoc_closed
+          if %i[on_nl on_ignored_nl on_comment].include?(event) || (event == :on_tstring_content && value.end_with?("\n"))
+            if heredoc_stack.size > 1
+              flushing = heredoc_stack.pop
+              heredoc_stack.last.last << token
+
+              flushing.each do |heredoc|
+                heredoc.to_a.each do |flushed_token|
+                  heredoc_stack.last.last << flushed_token
+                end
+              end
+
+              state = :heredoc_opened
+              next
+            end
+          elsif event == :on_heredoc_beg
+            tokens << token
+            state = :heredoc_opened
+            heredoc_stack.last << Heredoc.build(token)
+            next
+          elsif heredoc_stack.size > 1
+            heredoc_stack[-2].last << token
+            next
+          end
+
+          heredoc_stack.last.each do |heredoc|
+            tokens.concat(heredoc.to_a)
+          end
+
+          heredoc_stack.last.clear
+          state = :default
+
+          tokens << token
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Drop the EOF token from the list
+      tokens = tokens[0...-1]
+
+      # We sort by location to compare against Ripper's output
+      tokens.sort_by!(&:location)
+
+      ParseResult.new(tokens, result.comments, result.magic_comments, result.data_loc, result.errors, result.warnings, [])
+    end
+  end
+
+  private_constant :LexCompat
+
+  # This is a class that wraps the Ripper lexer to produce almost exactly the
+  # same tokens.
+  class LexRipper # :nodoc:
+    attr_reader :source
+
+    def initialize(source)
+      @source = source
+    end
+
+    def result
+      previous = []
+      results = []
+
+      Ripper.lex(source, raise_errors: true).each do |token|
+        case token[1]
+        when :on_sp
+          # skip
+        when :on_tstring_content
+          if previous[1] == :on_tstring_content && (token[2].start_with?("\#$") || token[2].start_with?("\#@"))
+            previous[2] << token[2]
+          else
+            results << token
+            previous = token
+          end
+        when :on_words_sep
+          if previous[1] == :on_words_sep
+            previous[2] << token[2]
+          else
+            results << token
+            previous = token
+          end
+        else
+          results << token
+          previous = token
+        end
+      end
+
+      results
+    end
+  end
+
+  private_constant :LexRipper
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/node_ext.rb b/lib/prism/node_ext.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c09632345
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/node_ext.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# Here we are reopening the prism module to provide methods on nodes that aren't
+# templated and are meant as convenience methods.
+module Prism
+  module RegularExpressionOptions # :nodoc:
+    # Returns a numeric value that represents the flags that were used to create
+    # the regular expression.
+    def options
+      o = flags & (RegularExpressionFlags::IGNORE_CASE | RegularExpressionFlags::EXTENDED | RegularExpressionFlags::MULTI_LINE)
+      o |= Regexp::FIXEDENCODING if flags.anybits?(RegularExpressionFlags::EUC_JP | RegularExpressionFlags::WINDOWS_31J | RegularExpressionFlags::UTF_8)
+      o |= Regexp::NOENCODING if flags.anybits?(RegularExpressionFlags::ASCII_8BIT)
+      o
+    end
+  end
+
+  class InterpolatedMatchLastLineNode < Node
+    include RegularExpressionOptions
+  end
+
+  class InterpolatedRegularExpressionNode < Node
+    include RegularExpressionOptions
+  end
+
+  class MatchLastLineNode < Node
+    include RegularExpressionOptions
+  end
+
+  class RegularExpressionNode < Node
+    include RegularExpressionOptions
+  end
+
+  private_constant :RegularExpressionOptions
+
+  module HeredocQuery # :nodoc:
+    # Returns true if this node was represented as a heredoc in the source code.
+    def heredoc?
+      opening&.start_with?("<<")
+    end
+  end
+
+  class InterpolatedStringNode < Node
+    include HeredocQuery
+  end
+
+  class InterpolatedXStringNode < Node
+    include HeredocQuery
+  end
+
+  class StringNode < Node
+    include HeredocQuery
+  end
+
+  class XStringNode < Node
+    include HeredocQuery
+  end
+
+  private_constant :HeredocQuery
+
+  class FloatNode < Node
+    # Returns the value of the node as a Ruby Float.
+    def value
+      Float(slice)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ImaginaryNode < Node
+    # Returns the value of the node as a Ruby Complex.
+    def value
+      Complex(0, numeric.value)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class IntegerNode < Node
+    # Returns the value of the node as a Ruby Integer.
+    def value
+      Integer(slice)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class RationalNode < Node
+    # Returns the value of the node as a Ruby Rational.
+    def value
+      Rational(slice.chomp("r"))
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ConstantReadNode < Node
+    # Returns the list of parts for the full name of this constant.
+    # For example: [:Foo]
+    def full_name_parts
+      [name]
+    end
+
+    # Returns the full name of this constant. For example: "Foo"
+    def full_name
+      name.name
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ConstantPathNode < Node
+    # An error class raised when dynamic parts are found while computing a
+    # constant path's full name. For example:
+    # Foo::Bar::Baz -> does not raise because all parts of the constant path are
+    # simple constants
+    # var::Bar::Baz -> raises because the first part of the constant path is a
+    # local variable
+    class DynamicPartsInConstantPathError < StandardError; end
+
+    # Returns the list of parts for the full name of this constant path.
+    # For example: [:Foo, :Bar]
+    def full_name_parts
+      parts = [child.name]
+      current = parent
+
+      while current.is_a?(ConstantPathNode)
+        parts.unshift(current.child.name)
+        current = current.parent
+      end
+
+      unless current.is_a?(ConstantReadNode)
+        raise DynamicPartsInConstantPathError, "Constant path contains dynamic parts. Cannot compute full name"
+      end
+
+      parts.unshift(current&.name || :"")
+    end
+
+    # Returns the full name of this constant path. For example: "Foo::Bar"
+    def full_name
+      full_name_parts.join("::")
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ConstantPathTargetNode < Node
+    # Returns the list of parts for the full name of this constant path.
+    # For example: [:Foo, :Bar]
+    def full_name_parts
+      (parent&.full_name_parts || [:""]).push(child.name)
+    end
+
+    # Returns the full name of this constant path. For example: "Foo::Bar"
+    def full_name
+      full_name_parts.join("::")
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ParametersNode < Node
+    # Mirrors the Method#parameters method.
+    def signature
+      names = []
+
+      requireds.each do |param|
+        names << (param.is_a?(MultiTargetNode) ? [:req] : [:req, param.name])
+      end
+
+      optionals.each { |param| names << [:opt, param.name] }
+      names << [:rest, rest.name || :*] if rest
+
+      posts.each do |param|
+        names << (param.is_a?(MultiTargetNode) ? [:req] : [:req, param.name])
+      end
+
+      # Regardless of the order in which the keywords were defined, the required
+      # keywords always come first followed by the optional keywords.
+      keyopt = []
+      keywords.each do |param|
+        if param.is_a?(OptionalKeywordParameterNode)
+          keyopt << param
+        else
+          names << [:keyreq, param.name]
+        end
+      end
+
+      keyopt.each { |param| names << [:key, param.name] }
+
+      case keyword_rest
+      when ForwardingParameterNode
+        names.concat([[:rest, :*], [:keyrest, :**], [:block, :&]])
+      when KeywordRestParameterNode
+        names << [:keyrest, keyword_rest.name || :**]
+      when NoKeywordsParameterNode
+        names << [:nokey]
+      end
+
+      names << [:block, block.name || :&] if block
+      names
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/node_inspector.rb b/lib/prism/node_inspector.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d77af33c3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/node_inspector.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  # This object is responsible for generating the output for the inspect method
+  # implementations of child nodes.
+  class NodeInspector # :nodoc:
+    attr_reader :prefix, :output
+
+    def initialize(prefix = "")
+      @prefix = prefix
+      @output = +""
+    end
+
+    # Appends a line to the output with the current prefix.
+    def <<(line)
+      output << "#{prefix}#{line}"
+    end
+
+    # This generates a string that is used as the header of the inspect output
+    # for any given node.
+    def header(node)
+      output = +"@ #{node.class.name.split("::").last} ("
+      output << "location: (#{node.location.start_line},#{node.location.start_column})-(#{node.location.end_line},#{node.location.end_column})"
+      output << ", newline: true" if node.newline?
+      output << ")\n"
+      output
+    end
+
+    # Generates a string that represents a list of nodes. It handles properly
+    # using the box drawing characters to make the output look nice.
+    def list(prefix, nodes)
+      output = +"(length: #{nodes.length})\n"
+      last_index = nodes.length - 1
+
+      nodes.each_with_index do |node, index|
+        pointer, preadd = (index == last_index) ? ["└── ", "    "] : ["├── ", "│   "]
+        node_prefix = "#{prefix}#{preadd}"
+        output << node.inspect(NodeInspector.new(node_prefix)).sub(node_prefix, "#{prefix}#{pointer}")
+      end
+
+      output
+    end
+
+    # Generates a string that represents a location field on a node.
+    def location(value)
+      if value
+        "(#{value.start_line},#{value.start_column})-(#{value.end_line},#{value.end_column}) = #{value.slice.inspect}"
+      else
+        "∅"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Generates a string that represents a child node.
+    def child_node(node, append)
+      node.inspect(child_inspector(append)).delete_prefix(prefix)
+    end
+
+    # Returns a new inspector that can be used to inspect a child node.
+    def child_inspector(append)
+      NodeInspector.new("#{prefix}#{append}")
+    end
+
+    # Returns the output as a string.
+    def to_str
+      output
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/pack.rb b/lib/prism/pack.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00caf553c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/pack.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  # A parser for the pack template language.
+  module Pack
+    %i[
+      SPACE
+      COMMENT
+      INTEGER
+      UTF8
+      BER
+      FLOAT
+      STRING_SPACE_PADDED
+      STRING_NULL_PADDED
+      STRING_NULL_TERMINATED
+      STRING_MSB
+      STRING_LSB
+      STRING_HEX_HIGH
+      STRING_HEX_LOW
+      STRING_UU
+      STRING_MIME
+      STRING_BASE64
+      STRING_FIXED
+      STRING_POINTER
+      MOVE
+      BACK
+      NULL
+
+      UNSIGNED
+      SIGNED
+      SIGNED_NA
+
+      AGNOSTIC_ENDIAN
+      LITTLE_ENDIAN
+      BIG_ENDIAN
+      NATIVE_ENDIAN
+      ENDIAN_NA
+
+      SIZE_SHORT
+      SIZE_INT
+      SIZE_LONG
+      SIZE_LONG_LONG
+      SIZE_8
+      SIZE_16
+      SIZE_32
+      SIZE_64
+      SIZE_P
+      SIZE_NA
+
+      LENGTH_FIXED
+      LENGTH_MAX
+      LENGTH_RELATIVE
+      LENGTH_NA
+    ].each do |const|
+      const_set(const, const)
+    end
+
+    # A directive in the pack template language.
+    class Directive
+      # A symbol representing the version of Ruby.
+      attr_reader :version
+
+      # A symbol representing whether or not we are packing or unpacking.
+      attr_reader :variant
+
+      # A byteslice of the source string that this directive represents.
+      attr_reader :source
+
+      # The type of the directive.
+      attr_reader :type
+
+      # The type of signedness of the directive.
+      attr_reader :signed
+
+      # The type of endianness of the directive.
+      attr_reader :endian
+
+      # The size of the directive.
+      attr_reader :size
+
+      # The length type of this directive (used for integers).
+      attr_reader :length_type
+
+      # The length of this directive (used for integers).
+      attr_reader :length
+
+      # Initialize a new directive with the given values.
+      def initialize(version, variant, source, type, signed, endian, size, length_type, length)
+        @version = version
+        @variant = variant
+        @source = source
+        @type = type
+        @signed = signed
+        @endian = endian
+        @size = size
+        @length_type = length_type
+        @length = length
+      end
+
+      # The descriptions of the various types of endianness.
+      ENDIAN_DESCRIPTIONS = {
+        AGNOSTIC_ENDIAN: "agnostic",
+        LITTLE_ENDIAN: "little-endian (VAX)",
+        BIG_ENDIAN: "big-endian (network)",
+        NATIVE_ENDIAN: "native-endian",
+        ENDIAN_NA: "n/a"
+      }
+
+      # The descriptions of the various types of signedness.
+      SIGNED_DESCRIPTIONS = {
+        UNSIGNED: "unsigned",
+        SIGNED: "signed",
+        SIGNED_NA: "n/a"
+      }
+
+      # The descriptions of the various types of sizes.
+      SIZE_DESCRIPTIONS = {
+        SIZE_SHORT: "short",
+        SIZE_INT: "int-width",
+        SIZE_LONG: "long",
+        SIZE_LONG_LONG: "long long",
+        SIZE_8: "8-bit",
+        SIZE_16: "16-bit",
+        SIZE_32: "32-bit",
+        SIZE_64: "64-bit",
+        SIZE_P: "pointer-width"
+      }
+
+      # Provide a human-readable description of the directive.
+      def describe
+        case type
+        when SPACE
+          "whitespace"
+        when COMMENT
+          "comment"
+        when INTEGER
+          if size == SIZE_8
+            base = "#{SIGNED_DESCRIPTIONS[signed]} #{SIZE_DESCRIPTIONS[size]} integer"
+          else
+            base = "#{SIGNED_DESCRIPTIONS[signed]} #{SIZE_DESCRIPTIONS[size]} #{ENDIAN_DESCRIPTIONS[endian]} integer"
+          end
+          case length_type
+          when LENGTH_FIXED
+            if length > 1
+              base + ", x#{length}"
+            else
+              base
+            end
+          when LENGTH_MAX
+            base + ", as many as possible"
+          end
+        when UTF8
+          "UTF-8 character"
+        when BER
+          "BER-compressed integer"
+        when FLOAT
+          "#{SIZE_DESCRIPTIONS[size]} #{ENDIAN_DESCRIPTIONS[endian]} float"
+        when STRING_SPACE_PADDED
+          "arbitrary binary string (space padded)"
+        when STRING_NULL_PADDED
+          "arbitrary binary string (null padded, count is width)"
+        when STRING_NULL_TERMINATED
+          "arbitrary binary string (null padded, count is width), except that null is added with *"
+        when STRING_MSB
+          "bit string (MSB first)"
+        when STRING_LSB
+          "bit string (LSB first)"
+        when STRING_HEX_HIGH
+          "hex string (high nibble first)"
+        when STRING_HEX_LOW
+          "hex string (low nibble first)"
+        when STRING_UU
+          "UU-encoded string"
+        when STRING_MIME
+          "quoted printable, MIME encoding"
+        when STRING_BASE64
+          "base64 encoded string"
+        when STRING_FIXED
+          "pointer to a structure (fixed-length string)"
+        when STRING_POINTER
+          "pointer to a null-terminated string"
+        when MOVE
+          "move to absolute position"
+        when BACK
+          "back up a byte"
+        when NULL
+          "null byte"
+        else
+          raise
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # The result of parsing a pack template.
+    class Format
+      # A list of the directives in the template.
+      attr_reader :directives
+
+      # The encoding of the template.
+      attr_reader :encoding
+
+      # Create a new Format with the given directives and encoding.
+      def initialize(directives, encoding)
+        @directives = directives
+        @encoding = encoding
+      end
+
+      # Provide a human-readable description of the format.
+      def describe
+        source_width = directives.map { |d| d.source.inspect.length }.max
+        directive_lines = directives.map do |directive|
+          if directive.type == SPACE
+            source = directive.source.inspect
+          else
+            source = directive.source
+          end
+          "  #{source.ljust(source_width)}  #{directive.describe}"
+        end
+
+        (["Directives:"] + directive_lines + ["Encoding:", "  #{encoding}"]).join("\n")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/parse_result.rb b/lib/prism/parse_result.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..753d72f10b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/parse_result.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  # This represents a source of Ruby code that has been parsed. It is used in
+  # conjunction with locations to allow them to resolve line numbers and source
+  # ranges.
+  class Source
+    # The source code that this source object represents.
+    attr_reader :source
+
+    # The line number where this source starts.
+    attr_accessor :start_line
+
+    # The list of newline byte offsets in the source code.
+    attr_reader :offsets
+
+    # Create a new source object with the given source code and newline byte
+    # offsets. If no newline byte offsets are given, they will be computed from
+    # the source code.
+    def initialize(source, start_line = 1, offsets = compute_offsets(source))
+      @source = source
+      @start_line = start_line
+      @offsets = offsets
+    end
+
+    # Perform a byteslice on the source code using the given byte offset and
+    # byte length.
+    def slice(byte_offset, length)
+      source.byteslice(byte_offset, length)
+    end
+
+    # Binary search through the offsets to find the line number for the given
+    # byte offset.
+    def line(byte_offset)
+      start_line + find_line(byte_offset)
+    end
+
+    # Return the byte offset of the start of the line corresponding to the given
+    # byte offset.
+    def line_start(byte_offset)
+      offsets[find_line(byte_offset)]
+    end
+
+    # Return the column number for the given byte offset.
+    def column(byte_offset)
+      byte_offset - line_start(byte_offset)
+    end
+
+    # Return the character offset for the given byte offset.
+    def character_offset(byte_offset)
+      source.byteslice(0, byte_offset).length
+    end
+
+    # Return the column number in characters for the given byte offset.
+    def character_column(byte_offset)
+      character_offset(byte_offset) - character_offset(line_start(byte_offset))
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Binary search through the offsets to find the line number for the given
+    # byte offset.
+    def find_line(byte_offset)
+      left = 0
+      right = offsets.length - 1
+
+      while left <= right
+        mid = left + (right - left) / 2
+        return mid if offsets[mid] == byte_offset
+
+        if offsets[mid] < byte_offset
+          left = mid + 1
+        else
+          right = mid - 1
+        end
+      end
+
+      left - 1
+    end
+
+    # Find all of the newlines in the source code and return their byte offsets
+    # from the start of the string an array.
+    def compute_offsets(code)
+      offsets = [0]
+      code.b.scan("\n") { offsets << $~.end(0) }
+      offsets
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents a location in the source.
+  class Location
+    # A Source object that is used to determine more information from the given
+    # offset and length.
+    protected attr_reader :source
+
+    # The byte offset from the beginning of the source where this location
+    # starts.
+    attr_reader :start_offset
+
+    # The length of this location in bytes.
+    attr_reader :length
+
+    # The list of comments attached to this location
+    attr_reader :comments
+
+    # Create a new location object with the given source, start byte offset, and
+    # byte length.
+    def initialize(source, start_offset, length)
+      @source = source
+      @start_offset = start_offset
+      @length = length
+      @comments = []
+    end
+
+    # Create a new location object with the given options.
+    def copy(**options)
+      Location.new(
+        options.fetch(:source) { source },
+        options.fetch(:start_offset) { start_offset },
+        options.fetch(:length) { length }
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of this location.
+    def inspect
+      "#<Prism::Location @start_offset=#{@start_offset} @length=#{@length} start_line=#{start_line}>"
+    end
+
+    # The source code that this location represents.
+    def slice
+      source.slice(start_offset, length)
+    end
+
+    # The character offset from the beginning of the source where this location
+    # starts.
+    def start_character_offset
+      source.character_offset(start_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The byte offset from the beginning of the source where this location ends.
+    def end_offset
+      start_offset + length
+    end
+
+    # The character offset from the beginning of the source where this location
+    # ends.
+    def end_character_offset
+      source.character_offset(end_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The line number where this location starts.
+    def start_line
+      source.line(start_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The content of the line where this location starts before this location.
+    def start_line_slice
+      offset = source.line_start(start_offset)
+      source.slice(offset, start_offset - offset)
+    end
+
+    # The line number where this location ends.
+    def end_line
+      source.line(end_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The column number in bytes where this location starts from the start of
+    # the line.
+    def start_column
+      source.column(start_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The column number in characters where this location ends from the start of
+    # the line.
+    def start_character_column
+      source.character_column(start_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The column number in bytes where this location ends from the start of the
+    # line.
+    def end_column
+      source.column(end_offset)
+    end
+
+    # The column number in characters where this location ends from the start of
+    # the line.
+    def end_character_column
+      source.character_column(end_offset)
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for Location.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { start_offset: start_offset, end_offset: end_offset }
+    end
+
+    # Implement the pretty print interface for Location.
+    def pretty_print(q)
+      q.text("(#{start_line},#{start_column})-(#{end_line},#{end_column})")
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if the given other location is equal to this location.
+    def ==(other)
+      other.is_a?(Location) &&
+        other.start_offset == start_offset &&
+        other.end_offset == end_offset
+    end
+
+    # Returns a new location that stretches from this location to the given
+    # other location. Raises an error if this location is not before the other
+    # location or if they don't share the same source.
+    def join(other)
+      raise "Incompatible sources" if source != other.source
+      raise "Incompatible locations" if start_offset > other.start_offset
+
+      Location.new(source, start_offset, other.end_offset - start_offset)
+    end
+
+    # Returns a null location that does not correspond to a source and points to
+    # the beginning of the file. Useful for when you want a location object but
+    # do not care where it points.
+    def self.null
+      new(nil, 0, 0)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents a comment that was encountered during parsing. It is the
+  # base class for all comment types.
+  class Comment
+    # The location of this comment in the source.
+    attr_reader :location
+
+    # Create a new comment object with the given location.
+    def initialize(location)
+      @location = location
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for Comment.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { location: location }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # InlineComment objects are the most common. They correspond to comments in
+  # the source file like this one that start with #.
+  class InlineComment < Comment
+    # Returns true if this comment happens on the same line as other code and
+    # false if the comment is by itself.
+    def trailing?
+      !location.start_line_slice.strip.empty?
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of this comment.
+    def inspect
+      "#<Prism::InlineComment @location=#{location.inspect}>"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # EmbDocComment objects correspond to comments that are surrounded by =begin
+  # and =end.
+  class EmbDocComment < Comment
+    # This can only be true for inline comments.
+    def trailing?
+      false
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of this comment.
+    def inspect
+      "#<Prism::EmbDocComment @location=#{location.inspect}>"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents a magic comment that was encountered during parsing.
+  class MagicComment
+    # A Location object representing the location of the key in the source.
+    attr_reader :key_loc
+
+    # A Location object representing the location of the value in the source.
+    attr_reader :value_loc
+
+    # Create a new magic comment object with the given key and value locations.
+    def initialize(key_loc, value_loc)
+      @key_loc = key_loc
+      @value_loc = value_loc
+    end
+
+    # Returns the key of the magic comment by slicing it from the source code.
+    def key
+      key_loc.slice
+    end
+
+    # Returns the value of the magic comment by slicing it from the source code.
+    def value
+      value_loc.slice
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for MagicComment.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { key_loc: key_loc, value_loc: value_loc }
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of this magic comment.
+    def inspect
+      "#<Prism::MagicComment @key=#{key.inspect} @value=#{value.inspect}>"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents an error that was encountered during parsing.
+  class ParseError
+    # The message associated with this error.
+    attr_reader :message
+
+    # A Location object representing the location of this error in the source.
+    attr_reader :location
+
+    # Create a new error object with the given message and location.
+    def initialize(message, location)
+      @message = message
+      @location = location
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for ParseError.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { message: message, location: location }
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of this error.
+    def inspect
+      "#<Prism::ParseError @message=#{@message.inspect} @location=#{@location.inspect}>"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents a warning that was encountered during parsing.
+  class ParseWarning
+    # The message associated with this warning.
+    attr_reader :message
+
+    # A Location object representing the location of this warning in the source.
+    attr_reader :location
+
+    # Create a new warning object with the given message and location.
+    def initialize(message, location)
+      @message = message
+      @location = location
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for ParseWarning.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { message: message, location: location }
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of this warning.
+    def inspect
+      "#<Prism::ParseWarning @message=#{@message.inspect} @location=#{@location.inspect}>"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents the result of a call to ::parse or ::parse_file. It contains
+  # the AST, any comments that were encounters, and any errors that were
+  # encountered.
+  class ParseResult
+    # The value that was generated by parsing. Normally this holds the AST, but
+    # it can sometimes how a list of tokens or other results passed back from
+    # the parser.
+    attr_reader :value
+
+    # The list of comments that were encountered during parsing.
+    attr_reader :comments
+
+    # The list of magic comments that were encountered during parsing.
+    attr_reader :magic_comments
+
+    # An optional location that represents the location of the content after the
+    # __END__ marker. This content is loaded into the DATA constant when the
+    # file being parsed is the main file being executed.
+    attr_reader :data_loc
+
+    # The list of errors that were generated during parsing.
+    attr_reader :errors
+
+    # The list of warnings that were generated during parsing.
+    attr_reader :warnings
+
+    # A Source instance that represents the source code that was parsed.
+    attr_reader :source
+
+    # Create a new parse result object with the given values.
+    def initialize(value, comments, magic_comments, data_loc, errors, warnings, source)
+      @value = value
+      @comments = comments
+      @magic_comments = magic_comments
+      @data_loc = data_loc
+      @errors = errors
+      @warnings = warnings
+      @source = source
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for ParseResult.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { value: value, comments: comments, magic_comments: magic_comments, data_loc: data_loc, errors: errors, warnings: warnings }
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if there were no errors during parsing and false if there
+    # were.
+    def success?
+      errors.empty?
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if there were errors during parsing and false if there were
+    # not.
+    def failure?
+      !success?
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This represents a token from the Ruby source.
+  class Token
+    # The type of token that this token is.
+    attr_reader :type
+
+    # A byteslice of the source that this token represents.
+    attr_reader :value
+
+    # A Location object representing the location of this token in the source.
+    attr_reader :location
+
+    # Create a new token object with the given type, value, and location.
+    def initialize(type, value, location)
+      @type = type
+      @value = value
+      @location = location
+    end
+
+    # Implement the hash pattern matching interface for Token.
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      { type: type, value: value, location: location }
+    end
+
+    # Implement the pretty print interface for Token.
+    def pretty_print(q)
+      q.group do
+        q.text(type.to_s)
+        self.location.pretty_print(q)
+        q.text("(")
+        q.nest(2) do
+          q.breakable("")
+          q.pp(value)
+        end
+        q.breakable("")
+        q.text(")")
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if the given other token is equal to this token.
+    def ==(other)
+      other.is_a?(Token) &&
+        other.type == type &&
+        other.value == value
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/parse_result/comments.rb b/lib/prism/parse_result/comments.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a3a47de50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/parse_result/comments.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  class ParseResult
+    # When we've parsed the source, we have both the syntax tree and the list of
+    # comments that we found in the source. This class is responsible for
+    # walking the tree and finding the nearest location to attach each comment.
+    #
+    # It does this by first finding the nearest locations to each comment.
+    # Locations can either come from nodes directly or from location fields on
+    # nodes. For example, a `ClassNode` has an overall location encompassing the
+    # entire class, but it also has a location for the `class` keyword.
+    #
+    # Once the nearest locations are found, it determines which one to attach
+    # to. If it's a trailing comment (a comment on the same line as other source
+    # code), it will favor attaching to the nearest location that occurs before
+    # the comment. Otherwise it will favor attaching to the nearest location
+    # that is after the comment.
+    class Comments
+      # A target for attaching comments that is based on a specific node's
+      # location.
+      class NodeTarget # :nodoc:
+        attr_reader :node
+
+        def initialize(node)
+          @node = node
+        end
+
+        def start_offset
+          node.location.start_offset
+        end
+
+        def end_offset
+          node.location.end_offset
+        end
+
+        def encloses?(comment)
+          start_offset <= comment.location.start_offset &&
+            comment.location.end_offset <= end_offset
+        end
+
+        def <<(comment)
+          node.location.comments << comment
+        end
+      end
+
+      # A target for attaching comments that is based on a location field on a
+      # node. For example, the `end` token of a ClassNode.
+      class LocationTarget # :nodoc:
+        attr_reader :location
+
+        def initialize(location)
+          @location = location
+        end
+
+        def start_offset
+          location.start_offset
+        end
+
+        def end_offset
+          location.end_offset
+        end
+
+        def encloses?(comment)
+          false
+        end
+
+        def <<(comment)
+          location.comments << comment
+        end
+      end
+
+      # The parse result that we are attaching comments to.
+      attr_reader :parse_result
+
+      # Create a new Comments object that will attach comments to the given
+      # parse result.
+      def initialize(parse_result)
+        @parse_result = parse_result
+      end
+
+      # Attach the comments to their respective locations in the tree by
+      # mutating the parse result.
+      def attach!
+        parse_result.comments.each do |comment|
+          preceding, enclosing, following = nearest_targets(parse_result.value, comment)
+          target =
+            if comment.trailing?
+              preceding || following || enclosing || NodeTarget.new(parse_result.value)
+            else
+              # If a comment exists on its own line, prefer a leading comment.
+              following || preceding || enclosing || NodeTarget.new(parse_result.value)
+            end
+
+          target << comment
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Responsible for finding the nearest targets to the given comment within
+      # the context of the given encapsulating node.
+      def nearest_targets(node, comment)
+        comment_start = comment.location.start_offset
+        comment_end = comment.location.end_offset
+
+        targets = []
+        node.comment_targets.map do |value|
+          case value
+          when StatementsNode
+            targets.concat(value.body.map { |node| NodeTarget.new(node) })
+          when Node
+            targets << NodeTarget.new(value)
+          when Location
+            targets << LocationTarget.new(value)
+          end
+        end
+
+        targets.sort_by!(&:start_offset)
+        preceding = nil
+        following = nil
+
+        left = 0
+        right = targets.length
+
+        # This is a custom binary search that finds the nearest nodes to the
+        # given comment. When it finds a node that completely encapsulates the
+        # comment, it recurses downward into the tree.
+        while left < right
+          middle = (left + right) / 2
+          target = targets[middle]
+
+          target_start = target.start_offset
+          target_end = target.end_offset
+
+          if target.encloses?(comment)
+            # The comment is completely contained by this target. Abandon the
+            # binary search at this level.
+            return nearest_targets(target.node, comment)
+          end
+
+          if target_end <= comment_start
+            # This target falls completely before the comment. Because we will
+            # never consider this target or any targets before it again, this
+            # target must be the closest preceding target we have encountered so
+            # far.
+            preceding = target
+            left = middle + 1
+            next
+          end
+
+          if comment_end <= target_start
+            # This target falls completely after the comment. Because we will
+            # never consider this target or any targets after it again, this
+            # target must be the closest following target we have encountered so
+            # far.
+            following = target
+            right = middle
+            next
+          end
+
+          # This should only happen if there is a bug in this parser.
+          raise "Comment location overlaps with a target location"
+        end
+
+        [preceding, NodeTarget.new(node), following]
+      end
+    end
+
+    private_constant :Comments
+
+    # Attach the list of comments to their respective locations in the tree.
+    def attach_comments!
+      Comments.new(self).attach!
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/parse_result/newlines.rb b/lib/prism/parse_result/newlines.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca05f5b702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/parse_result/newlines.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  class ParseResult
+    # The :line tracepoint event gets fired whenever the Ruby VM encounters an
+    # expression on a new line. The types of expressions that can trigger this
+    # event are:
+    #
+    # * if statements
+    # * unless statements
+    # * nodes that are children of statements lists
+    #
+    # In order to keep track of the newlines, we have a list of offsets that
+    # come back from the parser. We assign these offsets to the first nodes that
+    # we find in the tree that are on those lines.
+    #
+    # Note that the logic in this file should be kept in sync with the Java
+    # MarkNewlinesVisitor, since that visitor is responsible for marking the
+    # newlines for JRuby/TruffleRuby.
+    class Newlines < Visitor
+      # Create a new Newlines visitor with the given newline offsets.
+      def initialize(newline_marked)
+        @newline_marked = newline_marked
+      end
+
+      # Permit block/lambda nodes to mark newlines within themselves.
+      def visit_block_node(node)
+        old_newline_marked = @newline_marked
+        @newline_marked = Array.new(old_newline_marked.size, false)
+
+        begin
+          super(node)
+        ensure
+          @newline_marked = old_newline_marked
+        end
+      end
+
+      alias_method :visit_lambda_node, :visit_block_node
+
+      # Mark if/unless nodes as newlines.
+      def visit_if_node(node)
+        node.set_newline_flag(@newline_marked)
+        super(node)
+      end
+
+      alias_method :visit_unless_node, :visit_if_node
+
+      # Permit statements lists to mark newlines within themselves.
+      def visit_statements_node(node)
+        node.body.each do |child|
+          child.set_newline_flag(@newline_marked)
+        end
+        super(node)
+      end
+    end
+
+    private_constant :Newlines
+
+    # Walk the tree and mark nodes that are on a new line.
+    def mark_newlines!
+      value.accept(Newlines.new(Array.new(1 + source.offsets.size, false)))
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/pattern.rb b/lib/prism/pattern.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e1643671ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/pattern.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Prism
+  # A pattern is an object that wraps a Ruby pattern matching expression. The
+  # expression would normally be passed to an `in` clause within a `case`
+  # expression or a rightward assignment expression. For example, in the
+  # following snippet:
+  #
+  #     case node
+  #     in ConstantPathNode[ConstantReadNode[name: :Prism], ConstantReadNode[name: :Pattern]]
+  #     end
+  #
+  # the pattern is the <tt>ConstantPathNode[...]</tt> expression.
+  #
+  # The pattern gets compiled into an object that responds to #call by running
+  # the #compile method. This method itself will run back through Prism to
+  # parse the expression into a tree, then walk the tree to generate the
+  # necessary callable objects. For example, if you wanted to compile the
+  # expression above into a callable, you would:
+  #
+  #     callable = Prism::Pattern.new("ConstantPathNode[ConstantReadNode[name: :Prism], ConstantReadNode[name: :Pattern]]").compile
+  #     callable.call(node)
+  #
+  # The callable object returned by #compile is guaranteed to respond to #call
+  # with a single argument, which is the node to match against. It also is
+  # guaranteed to respond to #===, which means it itself can be used in a `case`
+  # expression, as in:
+  #
+  #     case node
+  #     when callable
+  #     end
+  #
+  # If the query given to the initializer cannot be compiled into a valid
+  # matcher (either because of a syntax error or because it is using syntax we
+  # do not yet support) then a Prism::Pattern::CompilationError will be
+  # raised.
+  class Pattern
+    # Raised when the query given to a pattern is either invalid Ruby syntax or
+    # is using syntax that we don't yet support.
+    class CompilationError < StandardError
+      # Create a new CompilationError with the given representation of the node
+      # that caused the error.
+      def initialize(repr)
+        super(<<~ERROR)
+          prism was unable to compile the pattern you provided into a usable
+          expression. It failed on to understand the node represented by:
+
+          #{repr}
+
+          Note that not all syntax supported by Ruby's pattern matching syntax
+          is also supported by prism's patterns. If you're using some syntax
+          that you believe should be supported, please open an issue on
+          GitHub at https://github.com/ruby/prism/issues/new.
+        ERROR
+      end
+    end
+
+    # The query that this pattern was initialized with.
+    attr_reader :query
+
+    # Create a new pattern with the given query. The query should be a string
+    # containing a Ruby pattern matching expression.
+    def initialize(query)
+      @query = query
+      @compiled = nil
+    end
+
+    # Compile the query into a callable object that can be used to match against
+    # nodes.
+    def compile
+      result = Prism.parse("case nil\nin #{query}\nend")
+      compile_node(result.value.statements.body.last.conditions.last.pattern)
+    end
+
+    # Scan the given node and all of its children for nodes that match the
+    # pattern. If a block is given, it will be called with each node that
+    # matches the pattern. If no block is given, an enumerator will be returned
+    # that will yield each node that matches the pattern.
+    def scan(root)
+      return to_enum(__method__, root) unless block_given?
+
+      @compiled ||= compile
+      queue = [root]
+
+      while (node = queue.shift)
+        yield node if @compiled.call(node)
+        queue.concat(node.compact_child_nodes)
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Shortcut for combining two procs into one that returns true if both return
+    # true.
+    def combine_and(left, right)
+      ->(other) { left.call(other) && right.call(other) }
+    end
+
+    # Shortcut for combining two procs into one that returns true if either
+    # returns true.
+    def combine_or(left, right)
+      ->(other) { left.call(other) || right.call(other) }
+    end
+
+    # Raise an error because the given node is not supported.
+    def compile_error(node)
+      raise CompilationError, node.inspect
+    end
+
+    # in [foo, bar, baz]
+    def compile_array_pattern_node(node)
+      compile_error(node) if !node.rest.nil? || node.posts.any?
+
+      constant = node.constant
+      compiled_constant = compile_node(constant) if constant
+
+      preprocessed = node.requireds.map { |required| compile_node(required) }
+
+      compiled_requireds = ->(other) do
+        deconstructed = other.deconstruct
+
+        deconstructed.length == preprocessed.length &&
+          preprocessed
+            .zip(deconstructed)
+            .all? { |(matcher, value)| matcher.call(value) }
+      end
+
+      if compiled_constant
+        combine_and(compiled_constant, compiled_requireds)
+      else
+        compiled_requireds
+      end
+    end
+
+    # in foo | bar
+    def compile_alternation_pattern_node(node)
+      combine_or(compile_node(node.left), compile_node(node.right))
+    end
+
+    # in Prism::ConstantReadNode
+    def compile_constant_path_node(node)
+      parent = node.parent
+
+      if parent.is_a?(ConstantReadNode) && parent.slice == "Prism"
+        compile_node(node.child)
+      else
+        compile_error(node)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # in ConstantReadNode
+    # in String
+    def compile_constant_read_node(node)
+      value = node.slice
+
+      if Prism.const_defined?(value, false)
+        clazz = Prism.const_get(value)
+
+        ->(other) { clazz === other }
+      elsif Object.const_defined?(value, false)
+        clazz = Object.const_get(value)
+
+        ->(other) { clazz === other }
+      else
+        compile_error(node)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # in InstanceVariableReadNode[name: Symbol]
+    # in { name: Symbol }
+    def compile_hash_pattern_node(node)
+      compile_error(node) if node.rest
+      compiled_constant = compile_node(node.constant) if node.constant
+
+      preprocessed =
+        node.elements.to_h do |element|
+          [element.key.unescaped.to_sym, compile_node(element.value)]
+        end
+
+      compiled_keywords = ->(other) do
+        deconstructed = other.deconstruct_keys(preprocessed.keys)
+
+        preprocessed.all? do |keyword, matcher|
+          deconstructed.key?(keyword) && matcher.call(deconstructed[keyword])
+        end
+      end
+
+      if compiled_constant
+        combine_and(compiled_constant, compiled_keywords)
+      else
+        compiled_keywords
+      end
+    end
+
+    # in nil
+    def compile_nil_node(node)
+      ->(attribute) { attribute.nil? }
+    end
+
+    # in /foo/
+    def compile_regular_expression_node(node)
+      regexp = Regexp.new(node.unescaped, node.closing[1..])
+
+      ->(attribute) { regexp === attribute }
+    end
+
+    # in ""
+    # in "foo"
+    def compile_string_node(node)
+      string = node.unescaped
+
+      ->(attribute) { string === attribute }
+    end
+
+    # in :+
+    # in :foo
+    def compile_symbol_node(node)
+      symbol = node.unescaped.to_sym
+
+      ->(attribute) { symbol === attribute }
+    end
+
+    # Compile any kind of node. Dispatch out to the individual compilation
+    # methods based on the type of node.
+    def compile_node(node)
+      case node
+      when AlternationPatternNode
+        compile_alternation_pattern_node(node)
+      when ArrayPatternNode
+        compile_array_pattern_node(node)
+      when ConstantPathNode
+        compile_constant_path_node(node)
+      when ConstantReadNode
+        compile_constant_read_node(node)
+      when HashPatternNode
+        compile_hash_pattern_node(node)
+      when NilNode
+        compile_nil_node(node)
+      when RegularExpressionNode
+        compile_regular_expression_node(node)
+      when StringNode
+        compile_string_node(node)
+      when SymbolNode
+        compile_symbol_node(node)
+      else
+        compile_error(node)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/prism.gemspec b/lib/prism/prism.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9f5cea4e20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/prism.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name = "prism"
+  spec.version = "0.19.0"
+  spec.authors = ["Shopify"]
+  spec.email = ["ruby@shopify.com"]
+
+  spec.summary = "Prism Ruby parser"
+  spec.homepage = "https://github.com/ruby/prism"
+  spec.license = "MIT"
+
+  spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 3.0.0"
+
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+  spec.files = [
+    "CHANGELOG.md",
+    "CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md",
+    "CONTRIBUTING.md",
+    "LICENSE.md",
+    "Makefile",
+    "README.md",
+    "config.yml",
+    "docs/build_system.md",
+    "docs/building.md",
+    "docs/configuration.md",
+    "docs/design.md",
+    "docs/encoding.md",
+    "docs/fuzzing.md",
+    "docs/heredocs.md",
+    "docs/javascript.md",
+    "docs/local_variable_depth.md",
+    "docs/mapping.md",
+    "docs/releasing.md",
+    "docs/ripper.md",
+    "docs/ruby_api.md",
+    "docs/serialization.md",
+    "docs/testing.md",
+    "ext/prism/api_node.c",
+    "ext/prism/api_pack.c",
+    "ext/prism/extension.c",
+    "ext/prism/extension.h",
+    "include/prism.h",
+    "include/prism/ast.h",
+    "include/prism/defines.h",
+    "include/prism/diagnostic.h",
+    "include/prism/encoding.h",
+    "include/prism/node.h",
+    "include/prism/options.h",
+    "include/prism/pack.h",
+    "include/prism/parser.h",
+    "include/prism/prettyprint.h",
+    "include/prism/regexp.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_buffer.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_char.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_constant_pool.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_list.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_memchr.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_newline_list.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_state_stack.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_strncasecmp.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_string.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_string_list.h",
+    "include/prism/util/pm_strpbrk.h",
+    "include/prism/version.h",
+    "lib/prism.rb",
+    "lib/prism/compiler.rb",
+    "lib/prism/debug.rb",
+    "lib/prism/desugar_compiler.rb",
+    "lib/prism/dispatcher.rb",
+    "lib/prism/dot_visitor.rb",
+    "lib/prism/dsl.rb",
+    "lib/prism/ffi.rb",
+    "lib/prism/lex_compat.rb",
+    "lib/prism/mutation_compiler.rb",
+    "lib/prism/node.rb",
+    "lib/prism/node_ext.rb",
+    "lib/prism/node_inspector.rb",
+    "lib/prism/pack.rb",
+    "lib/prism/parse_result.rb",
+    "lib/prism/pattern.rb",
+    "lib/prism/ripper_compat.rb",
+    "lib/prism/serialize.rb",
+    "lib/prism/parse_result/comments.rb",
+    "lib/prism/parse_result/newlines.rb",
+    "lib/prism/visitor.rb",
+    "src/diagnostic.c",
+    "src/encoding.c",
+    "src/node.c",
+    "src/pack.c",
+    "src/prettyprint.c",
+    "src/regexp.c",
+    "src/serialize.c",
+    "src/token_type.c",
+    "src/util/pm_buffer.c",
+    "src/util/pm_char.c",
+    "src/util/pm_constant_pool.c",
+    "src/util/pm_list.c",
+    "src/util/pm_memchr.c",
+    "src/util/pm_newline_list.c",
+    "src/util/pm_state_stack.c",
+    "src/util/pm_string.c",
+    "src/util/pm_string_list.c",
+    "src/util/pm_strncasecmp.c",
+    "src/util/pm_strpbrk.c",
+    "src/options.c",
+    "src/prism.c",
+    "prism.gemspec",
+    "sig/prism.rbs",
+    "sig/prism_static.rbs",
+    "rbi/prism.rbi",
+    "rbi/prism_static.rbi"
+  ]
+
+  spec.extensions = ["ext/prism/extconf.rb"]
+  spec.metadata["allowed_push_host"] = "https://rubygems.org"
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = "https://github.com/ruby/prism"
+  spec.metadata["changelog_uri"] = "https://github.com/ruby/prism/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
+end
diff --git a/lib/prism/ripper_compat.rb b/lib/prism/ripper_compat.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bd3088a6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/prism/ripper_compat.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "ripper"
+
+module Prism
+  # Note: This integration is not finished, and therefore still has many
+  # inconsistencies with Ripper. If you'd like to help out, pull requests would
+  # be greatly appreciated!
+  #
+  # This class is meant to provide a compatibility layer between prism and
+  # Ripper. It functions by parsing the entire tree first and then walking it
+  # and executing each of the Ripper callbacks as it goes.
+  #
+  # This class is going to necessarily be slower than the native Ripper API. It
+  # is meant as a stopgap until developers migrate to using prism. It is also
+  # meant as a test harness for the prism parser.
+  #
+  # To use this class, you treat `Prism::RipperCompat` effectively as you would
+  # treat the `Ripper` class.
+  class RipperCompat < Visitor
+    # This class mirrors the ::Ripper::SexpBuilder subclass of ::Ripper that
+    # returns the arrays of [type, *children].
+    class SexpBuilder < RipperCompat
+      private
+
+      Ripper::PARSER_EVENTS.each do |event|
+        define_method(:"on_#{event}") do |*args|
+          [event, *args]
+        end
+      end
+
+      Ripper::SCANNER_EVENTS.each do |event|
+        define_method(:"on_#{event}") do |value|
+          [:"@#{event}", value, [lineno, column]]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # This class mirrors the ::Ripper::SexpBuilderPP subclass of ::Ripper that
+    # returns the same values as ::Ripper::SexpBuilder except with a couple of
+    # niceties that flatten linked lists into arrays.
+    class SexpBuilderPP < SexpBuilder
+      private
+
+      def _dispatch_event_new # :nodoc:
+        []
+      end
+
+      def _dispatch_event_push(list, item) # :nodoc:
+        list << item
+        list
+      end
+
+      Ripper::PARSER_EVENT_TABLE.each do |event, arity|
+        case event
+        when /_new\z/
+          alias_method :"on_#{event}", :_dispatch_event_new if arity == 0
+        when /_add\z/
+          alias_method :"on_#{event}", :_dispatch_event_push
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # The source that is being parsed.
+    attr_reader :source
+
+    # The current line number of the parser.
+    attr_reader :lineno
+
+    # The current column number of the parser.
+    attr_reader :column
+
+    # Create a new RipperCompat object with the given source.
+    def initialize(source)
+      @source = source
+      @result = nil
+      @lineno = nil
+      @column = nil
+    end
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # Public interface
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # True if the parser encountered an error during parsing.
+    def error?
+      result.failure?
+    end
+
+    # Parse the source and return the result.
+    def parse
+      result.magic_comments.each do |magic_comment|
+        on_magic_comment(magic_comment.key, magic_comment.value)
+      end
+
+      if error?
+        result.errors.each do |error|
+          on_parse_error(error.message)
+        end
+      else
+        result.value.accept(self)
+      end
+    end
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # Visitor methods
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # Visit a CallNode node.
+    def visit_call_node(node)
+      if !node.message.match?(/^[[:alpha:]_]/) && node.opening_loc.nil? && node.arguments&.arguments&.length == 1
+        left = visit(node.receiver)
+        right = visit(node.arguments.arguments.first)
+
+        bounds(node.location)
+        on_binary(left, node.name, right)
+      else
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Visit a FloatNode node.
+    def visit_float_node(node)
+      bounds(node.location)
+      on_float(node.slice)
+    end
+
+    # Visit a ImaginaryNode node.
+    def visit_imaginary_node(node)
+      bounds(node.location)
+      on_imaginary(node.slice)
+    end
+
+    # Visit an IntegerNode node.
+    def visit_integer_node(node)
+      bounds(node.location)
+      on_int(node.slice)
+    end
+
+    # Visit a RationalNode node.
+    def visit_rational_node(node)
+      bounds(node.location)
+      on_rational(node.slice)
+    end
+
+    # Visit a StatementsNode node.
+    def visit_statements_node(node)
+      bounds(node.location)
+      node.body.inject(on_stmts_new) do |stmts, stmt|
+        on_stmts_add(stmts, visit(stmt))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Visit a ProgramNode node.
+    def visit_program_node(node)
+      statements = visit(node.statements)
+      bounds(node.location)
+      on_program(statements)
+    end
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # Entrypoints for subclasses
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # This is a convenience method that runs the SexpBuilder subclass parser.
+    def self.sexp_raw(source)
+      SexpBuilder.new(source).parse
+    end
+
+    # This is a convenience method that runs the SexpBuilderPP subclass parser.
+    def self.sexp(source)
+      SexpBuilderPP.new(source).parse
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # This method is responsible for updating lineno and column information
+    # to reflect the current node.
+    #
+    # This method could be drastically improved with some caching on the start
+    # of every line, but for now it's good enough.
+    def bounds(location)
+      @lineno = location.start_line
+      @column = location.start_column
+    end
+
+    # Lazily initialize the parse result.
+    def result
+      @result ||= Prism.parse(source)
+    end
+
+    def _dispatch0; end # :nodoc:
+    def _dispatch1(_); end # :nodoc:
+    def _dispatch2(_, _); end # :nodoc:
+    def _dispatch3(_, _, _); end # :nodoc:
+    def _dispatch4(_, _, _, _); end # :nodoc:
+    def _dispatch5(_, _, _, _, _); end # :nodoc:
+    def _dispatch7(_, _, _, _, _, _, _); end # :nodoc:
+
+    alias_method :on_parse_error, :_dispatch1
+    alias_method :on_magic_comment, :_dispatch2
+
+    (Ripper::SCANNER_EVENT_TABLE.merge(Ripper::PARSER_EVENT_TABLE)).each do |event, arity|
+      alias_method :"on_#{event}", :"_dispatch#{arity}"
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/pstore.gemspec b/lib/pstore.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86051d2f43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/pstore.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, ".").join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
+  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
+  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{Transactional File Storage for Ruby Objects}
+  spec.description   = spec.summary
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/pstore"
+  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
+
+  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
+  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = "https://github.com/ruby/pstore"
+
+  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
+  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
+  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
+    `git ls-files -z 2>#{IO::NULL}`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  end
+  spec.bindir        = "exe"
+  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+end
diff --git a/lib/pstore.rb b/lib/pstore.rb
index 8d7137aa39..818ffa07e0 100644
--- a/lib/pstore.rb
+++ b/lib/pstore.rb
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ require "digest"
 # when the store is created (see PStore.new).
 # The objects are stored and retrieved using
 # module Marshal, which means that certain objects cannot be added to the store;
-# see {Marshal::dump}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Marshal.html#method-c-dump].
+# see {Marshal::dump}[rdoc-ref:Marshal.dump].
 #
 # == Entries
 #
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ require "digest"
 # Each entry has a key and a value, just as in a hash:
 #
 # - Key: as in a hash, the key can be (almost) any object;
-#   see {Hash Keys}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Hash.html#class-Hash-label-Hash+Keys].
+#   see {Hash Keys}[rdoc-ref:Hash@Hash+Keys].
 #   You may find it convenient to keep it simple by using only
 #   symbols or strings as keys.
 # - Value: the value may be any object that can be marshalled by \Marshal
-#   (see {Marshal::dump}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Marshal.html#method-c-dump])
+#   (see {Marshal::dump}[rdoc-ref:Marshal.dump])
 #   and in fact may be a collection
 #   (e.g., an array, a hash, a set, a range, etc).
 #   That collection may in turn contain nested objects,
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ require "digest"
 #   end
 #
 # And recall that you can use
-# {dig methods}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/dig_methods_rdoc.html]
+# {dig methods}[rdoc-ref:dig_methods.rdoc]
 # in a returned hierarchy of objects.
 #
 # == Working with the Store
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ require "digest"
 #  end
 #
 class PStore
-  VERSION = "0.1.1"
+  VERSION = "0.1.3"
 
   RDWR_ACCESS = {mode: IO::RDWR | IO::CREAT | IO::BINARY, encoding: Encoding::ASCII_8BIT}.freeze
   RD_ACCESS = {mode: IO::RDONLY | IO::BINARY, encoding: Encoding::ASCII_8BIT}.freeze
@@ -487,8 +487,6 @@ class PStore
   #   end
   #
   # Raises an exception if called outside a transaction block.
-  #
-  # PStore#roots is an alias for PStore#keys.
   def keys
     in_transaction
     @table.keys
@@ -504,8 +502,6 @@ class PStore
   #   end
   #
   # Raises an exception if called outside a transaction block.
-  #
-  # PStore#root? is an alias for PStore#key?.
   def key?(key)
     in_transaction
     @table.key? key
@@ -521,8 +517,8 @@ class PStore
   end
 
   # Exits the current transaction block, committing any changes
-  # specified in the transaction block.
-  # See {Committing or Aborting}[rdoc-ref:PStore@Committing+or+Aborting].
+  # specified in the
+  # {transaction block}[rdoc-ref:PStore@The+Transaction+Block].
   #
   # Raises an exception if called outside a transaction block.
   def commit
@@ -532,8 +528,8 @@ class PStore
   end
 
   # Exits the current transaction block, discarding any changes
-  # specified in the transaction block.
-  # See {Committing or Aborting}[rdoc-ref:PStore@Committing+or+Aborting].
+  # specified in the
+  # {transaction block}[rdoc-ref:PStore@The+Transaction+Block].
   #
   # Raises an exception if called outside a transaction block.
   def abort
diff --git a/lib/pstore/pstore.gemspec b/lib/pstore/pstore.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 8425795afe..0000000000
--- a/lib/pstore/pstore.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
-version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1, "..").join("/")].find do |dir|
-  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
-    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
-  end rescue nil
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = name
-  spec.version       = version
-  spec.authors       = ["Yukihiro Matsumoto"]
-  spec.email         = ["matz@ruby-lang.org"]
-
-  spec.summary       = %q{Transactional File Storage for Ruby Objects}
-  spec.description   = spec.summary
-  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/ruby/pstore"
-  spec.licenses      = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-
-  spec.metadata["homepage_uri"] = spec.homepage
-  spec.metadata["source_code_uri"] = "https://github.com/ruby/pstore"
-
-  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
-  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
-  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
-    `git ls-files -z 2>/dev/null`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
-  end
-  spec.bindir        = "exe"
-  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
-  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc.rb b/lib/racc.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f6e4ac03a8..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-require 'racc/compat'
-require 'racc/debugflags'
-require 'racc/grammar'
-require 'racc/state'
-require 'racc/exception'
-require 'racc/info'
diff --git a/lib/racc/compat.rb b/lib/racc/compat.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 62f4f630be..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/compat.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-unless Object.method_defined?(:__send)
-  class Object
-    alias __send __send__
-  end
-end
-
-unless Object.method_defined?(:__send!)
-  class Object
-    alias __send! __send__
-  end
-end
-
-unless Array.method_defined?(:map!)
-  class Array
-    if Array.method_defined?(:collect!)
-      alias map! collect!
-    else
-      alias map! filter
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/debugflags.rb b/lib/racc/debugflags.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee34cf2314..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/debugflags.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-module Racc
-
-  class DebugFlags
-    def DebugFlags.parse_option_string(s)
-      parse = rule = token = state = la = prec = conf = false
-      s.split(//).each do |ch|
-        case ch
-        when 'p' then parse = true
-        when 'r' then rule = true
-        when 't' then token = true
-        when 's' then state = true
-        when 'l' then la = true
-        when 'c' then prec = true
-        when 'o' then conf = true
-        else
-          raise "unknown debug flag char: #{ch.inspect}"
-        end
-      end
-      new(parse, rule, token, state, la, prec, conf)
-    end
-
-    def initialize(parse = false, rule = false, token = false, state = false,
-                   la = false, prec = false, conf = false)
-      @parse = parse
-      @rule = rule
-      @token = token
-      @state = state
-      @la = la
-      @prec = prec
-      @any = (parse || rule || token || state || la || prec)
-      @status_logging = conf
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :parse
-    attr_reader :rule
-    attr_reader :token
-    attr_reader :state
-    attr_reader :la
-    attr_reader :prec
-
-    def any?
-      @any
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :status_logging
-  end
-
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/exception.rb b/lib/racc/exception.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c11dc2e43e..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/exception.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-module Racc
-  class Error < StandardError; end
-  class CompileError < Error; end
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/grammar.rb b/lib/racc/grammar.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 01c4c3df69..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/grammar.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1118 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-require 'racc/compat'
-require 'racc/iset'
-require 'racc/sourcetext'
-require 'racc/logfilegenerator'
-require 'racc/exception'
-require 'forwardable'
-
-module Racc
-
-  class Grammar
-
-    def initialize(debug_flags = DebugFlags.new)
-      @symboltable = SymbolTable.new
-      @debug_symbol = debug_flags.token
-      @rules   = []  # :: [Rule]
-      @start   = nil
-      @n_expected_srconflicts = nil
-      @prec_table = []
-      @prec_table_closed = false
-      @closed = false
-      @states = nil
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :start
-    attr_reader :symboltable
-    attr_accessor :n_expected_srconflicts
-
-    def [](x)
-      @rules[x]
-    end
-
-    def each_rule(&block)
-      @rules.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    alias each each_rule
-
-    def each_index(&block)
-      @rules.each_index(&block)
-    end
-
-    def each_with_index(&block)
-      @rules.each_with_index(&block)
-    end
-
-    def size
-      @rules.size
-    end
-
-    def to_s
-      "<Racc::Grammar>"
-    end
-
-    extend Forwardable
-
-    def_delegator "@symboltable", :each, :each_symbol
-    def_delegator "@symboltable", :each_terminal
-    def_delegator "@symboltable", :each_nonterminal
-
-    def intern(value, dummy = false)
-      @symboltable.intern(value, dummy)
-    end
-
-    def symbols
-      @symboltable.symbols
-    end
-
-    def nonterminal_base
-      @symboltable.nt_base
-    end
-
-    def useless_nonterminal_exist?
-      n_useless_nonterminals() != 0
-    end
-
-    def n_useless_nonterminals
-      @n_useless_nonterminals ||= each_useless_nonterminal.count
-    end
-
-    def each_useless_nonterminal
-      return to_enum __method__ unless block_given?
-
-      @symboltable.each_nonterminal do |sym|
-        yield sym if sym.useless?
-      end
-    end
-
-    def useless_rule_exist?
-      n_useless_rules() != 0
-    end
-
-    def n_useless_rules
-      @n_useless_rules ||= each_useless_rule.count
-    end
-
-    def each_useless_rule
-      return to_enum __method__ unless block_given?
-
-      each do |r|
-        yield r if r.useless?
-      end
-    end
-
-    def nfa
-      (@states ||= States.new(self)).nfa
-    end
-
-    def dfa
-      (@states ||= States.new(self)).dfa
-    end
-
-    alias states dfa
-
-    def state_transition_table
-      states().state_transition_table
-    end
-
-    def parser_class
-      states = states()   # cache
-      if $DEBUG
-        srcfilename = caller(1).first.slice(/\A(.*?):/, 1)
-        begin
-          write_log srcfilename + ".output"
-        rescue SystemCallError
-        end
-        report = lambda {|s| $stderr.puts "racc: #{srcfilename}: #{s}" }
-        if states.should_report_srconflict?
-          report["#{states.n_srconflicts} shift/reduce conflicts"]
-        end
-        if states.rrconflict_exist?
-          report["#{states.n_rrconflicts} reduce/reduce conflicts"]
-        end
-        g = states.grammar
-        if g.useless_nonterminal_exist?
-          report["#{g.n_useless_nonterminals} useless nonterminals"]
-        end
-        if g.useless_rule_exist?
-          report["#{g.n_useless_rules} useless rules"]
-        end
-      end
-      states.state_transition_table.parser_class
-    end
-
-    def write_log(path)
-      File.open(path, 'w') {|f|
-        LogFileGenerator.new(states()).output f
-      }
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Grammar Definition Interface
-    #
-
-    def add(rule)
-      raise ArgumentError, "rule added after the Grammar closed" if @closed
-      @rules.push rule
-    end
-
-    def added?(sym)
-      @rules.detect {|r| r.target == sym }
-    end
-
-    def start_symbol=(s)
-      raise CompileError, "start symbol set twice'" if @start
-      @start = s
-    end
-
-    def declare_precedence(assoc, syms)
-      raise CompileError, "precedence table defined twice" if @prec_table_closed
-      @prec_table.push [assoc, syms]
-    end
-
-    def end_precedence_declaration(reverse)
-      @prec_table_closed = true
-      return if @prec_table.empty?
-      table = reverse ? @prec_table.reverse : @prec_table
-      table.each_with_index do |(assoc, syms), idx|
-        syms.each do |sym|
-          sym.assoc = assoc
-          sym.precedence = idx
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Dynamic Generation Interface
-    #
-
-    def Grammar.define(&block)
-      env = DefinitionEnv.new
-      env.instance_eval(&block)
-      env.grammar
-    end
-
-    class DefinitionEnv
-      def initialize
-        @grammar = Grammar.new
-        @seqs = Hash.new(0)
-        @delayed = []
-      end
-
-      def grammar
-        flush_delayed
-        @grammar.each do |rule|
-          if rule.specified_prec
-            rule.specified_prec = @grammar.intern(rule.specified_prec)
-          end
-        end
-        @grammar.init
-        @grammar
-      end
-
-      def precedence_table(&block)
-        env = PrecedenceDefinitionEnv.new(@grammar)
-        env.instance_eval(&block)
-        @grammar.end_precedence_declaration env.reverse
-      end
-
-      def method_missing(mid, *args, &block)
-        unless mid.to_s[-1,1] == '='
-          super   # raises NoMethodError
-        end
-        target = @grammar.intern(mid.to_s.chop.intern)
-        unless args.size == 1
-          raise ArgumentError, "too many arguments for #{mid} (#{args.size} for 1)"
-        end
-        _add target, args.first
-      end
-
-      def _add(target, x)
-        case x
-        when Sym
-          @delayed.each do |rule|
-            rule.replace x, target if rule.target == x
-          end
-          @grammar.symboltable.delete x
-        else
-          x.each_rule do |r|
-            r.target = target
-            @grammar.add r
-          end
-        end
-        flush_delayed
-      end
-
-      def _delayed_add(rule)
-        @delayed.push rule
-      end
-
-      def _added?(sym)
-        @grammar.added?(sym) or @delayed.detect {|r| r.target == sym }
-      end
-
-      def flush_delayed
-        return if @delayed.empty?
-        @delayed.each do |rule|
-          @grammar.add rule
-        end
-        @delayed.clear
-      end
-
-      def seq(*list, &block)
-        Rule.new(nil, list.map {|x| _intern(x) }, UserAction.proc(block))
-      end
-
-      def null(&block)
-        seq(&block)
-      end
-
-      def action(&block)
-        id = "@#{@seqs["action"] += 1}".intern
-        _delayed_add Rule.new(@grammar.intern(id), [], UserAction.proc(block))
-        id
-      end
-
-      alias _ action
-
-      def option(sym, default = nil, &block)
-        _defmetasyntax("option", _intern(sym), block) {|target|
-          seq() { default } | seq(sym)
-        }
-      end
-
-      def many(sym, &block)
-        _defmetasyntax("many", _intern(sym), block) {|target|
-            seq() { [] }\
-          | seq(target, sym) {|list, x| list.push x; list }
-        }
-      end
-
-      def many1(sym, &block)
-        _defmetasyntax("many1", _intern(sym), block) {|target|
-            seq(sym) {|x| [x] }\
-          | seq(target, sym) {|list, x| list.push x; list }
-        }
-      end
-
-      def separated_by(sep, sym, &block)
-        option(separated_by1(sep, sym), [], &block)
-      end
-
-      def separated_by1(sep, sym, &block)
-        _defmetasyntax("separated_by1", _intern(sym), block) {|target|
-            seq(sym) {|x| [x] }\
-          | seq(target, sep, sym) {|list, _, x| list.push x; list }
-        }
-      end
-
-      def _intern(x)
-        case x
-        when Symbol, String
-          @grammar.intern(x)
-        when Racc::Sym
-          x
-        else
-          raise TypeError, "wrong type #{x.class} (expected Symbol/String/Racc::Sym)"
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def _defmetasyntax(type, id, action, &block)
-        if action
-          idbase = "#{type}@#{id}-#{@seqs[type] += 1}"
-          target = _wrap(idbase, "#{idbase}-core", action)
-          _register("#{idbase}-core", &block)
-        else
-          target = _register("#{type}@#{id}", &block)
-        end
-        @grammar.intern(target)
-      end
-
-      def _register(target_name)
-        target = target_name.intern
-        unless _added?(@grammar.intern(target))
-          yield(target).each_rule do |rule|
-            rule.target = @grammar.intern(target)
-            _delayed_add rule
-          end
-        end
-        target
-      end
-
-      def _wrap(target_name, sym, block)
-        target = target_name.intern
-        _delayed_add Rule.new(@grammar.intern(target),
-                              [@grammar.intern(sym.intern)],
-                              UserAction.proc(block))
-        target
-      end
-    end
-
-    class PrecedenceDefinitionEnv
-      def initialize(g)
-        @grammar = g
-        @prechigh_seen = false
-        @preclow_seen = false
-        @reverse = false
-      end
-
-      attr_reader :reverse
-
-      def higher
-        if @prechigh_seen
-          raise CompileError, "prechigh used twice"
-        end
-        @prechigh_seen = true
-      end
-
-      def lower
-        if @preclow_seen
-          raise CompileError, "preclow used twice"
-        end
-        if @prechigh_seen
-          @reverse = true
-        end
-        @preclow_seen = true
-      end
-
-      def left(*syms)
-        @grammar.declare_precedence :Left, syms.map {|s| @grammar.intern(s) }
-      end
-
-      def right(*syms)
-        @grammar.declare_precedence :Right, syms.map {|s| @grammar.intern(s) }
-      end
-
-      def nonassoc(*syms)
-        @grammar.declare_precedence :Nonassoc, syms.map {|s| @grammar.intern(s)}
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Computation
-    #
-
-    def init
-      return if @closed
-      @closed = true
-      @start ||= @rules.map {|r| r.target }.detect {|sym| not sym.dummy? }
-      raise CompileError, 'no rule in input' if @rules.empty?
-      add_start_rule
-      @rules.freeze
-      fix_ident
-      compute_hash
-      compute_heads
-      determine_terminals
-      compute_nullable_0
-      @symboltable.fix
-      compute_locate
-      @symboltable.each_nonterminal {|t| compute_expand t }
-      compute_nullable
-      compute_useless
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def add_start_rule
-      r = Rule.new(@symboltable.dummy,
-                   [@start, @symboltable.anchor, @symboltable.anchor],
-                   UserAction.empty)
-      r.ident = 0
-      r.hash = 0
-      r.precedence = nil
-      @rules.unshift r
-    end
-
-    # Rule#ident
-    # LocationPointer#ident
-    def fix_ident
-      @rules.each_with_index do |rule, idx|
-        rule.ident = idx
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Rule#hash
-    def compute_hash
-      hash = 4   # size of dummy rule
-      @rules.each do |rule|
-        rule.hash = hash
-        hash += (rule.size + 1)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sym#heads
-    def compute_heads
-      @rules.each do |rule|
-        rule.target.heads.push rule.ptrs[0]
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sym#terminal?
-    def determine_terminals
-      @symboltable.each do |s|
-        s.term = s.heads.empty?
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sym#self_null?
-    def compute_nullable_0
-      @symboltable.each do |s|
-        if s.terminal?
-          s.snull = false
-        else
-          s.snull = s.heads.any? {|loc| loc.reduce? }
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sym#locate
-    def compute_locate
-      @rules.each do |rule|
-        t = nil
-        rule.ptrs.each do |ptr|
-          unless ptr.reduce?
-            tok = ptr.dereference
-            tok.locate.push ptr
-            t = tok if tok.terminal?
-          end
-        end
-        rule.precedence = t
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sym#expand
-    def compute_expand(t)
-      puts "expand> #{t.to_s}" if @debug_symbol
-      t.expand = _compute_expand(t, ISet.new, [])
-      puts "expand< #{t.to_s}: #{t.expand.to_s}" if @debug_symbol
-    end
-
-    def _compute_expand(t, set, lock)
-      if tmp = t.expand
-        set.update tmp
-        return set
-      end
-      tok = nil
-      set.update_a t.heads
-      t.heads.each do |ptr|
-        tok = ptr.dereference
-        if tok and tok.nonterminal?
-          unless lock[tok.ident]
-            lock[tok.ident] = true
-            _compute_expand tok, set, lock
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      set
-    end
-
-    # Sym#nullable?, Rule#nullable?
-    def compute_nullable
-      @rules.each       {|r| r.null = false }
-      @symboltable.each {|t| t.null = false }
-      r = @rules.dup
-      s = @symboltable.nonterminals
-      begin
-        rs = r.size
-        ss = s.size
-        check_rules_nullable r
-        check_symbols_nullable s
-      end until rs == r.size and ss == s.size
-    end
-
-    def check_rules_nullable(rules)
-      rules.delete_if do |rule|
-        rule.null = true
-        rule.symbols.each do |t|
-          unless t.nullable?
-            rule.null = false
-            break
-          end
-        end
-        rule.nullable?
-      end
-    end
-
-    def check_symbols_nullable(symbols)
-      symbols.delete_if do |sym|
-        sym.heads.each do |ptr|
-          if ptr.rule.nullable?
-            sym.null = true
-            break
-          end
-        end
-        sym.nullable?
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sym#useless?, Rule#useless?
-    # FIXME: what means "useless"?
-    def compute_useless
-      @symboltable.each_terminal {|sym| sym.useless = false }
-      @symboltable.each_nonterminal {|sym| sym.useless = true }
-      @rules.each {|rule| rule.useless = true }
-      r = @rules.dup
-      s = @symboltable.nonterminals
-      begin
-        rs = r.size
-        ss = s.size
-        check_rules_useless r
-        check_symbols_useless s
-      end until r.size == rs and s.size == ss
-    end
-
-    def check_rules_useless(rules)
-      rules.delete_if do |rule|
-        rule.useless = false
-        rule.symbols.each do |sym|
-          if sym.useless?
-            rule.useless = true
-            break
-          end
-        end
-        not rule.useless?
-      end
-    end
-
-    def check_symbols_useless(s)
-      s.delete_if do |t|
-        t.heads.each do |ptr|
-          unless ptr.rule.useless?
-            t.useless = false
-            break
-          end
-        end
-        not t.useless?
-      end
-    end
-
-  end   # class Grammar
-
-
-  class Rule
-
-    def initialize(target, syms, act)
-      @target = target
-      @symbols = syms
-      @action = act
-      @alternatives = []
-
-      @ident = nil
-      @hash = nil
-      @ptrs = nil
-      @precedence = nil
-      @specified_prec = nil
-      @null = nil
-      @useless = nil
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :target
-    attr_reader :symbols
-    attr_reader :action
-
-    def |(x)
-      @alternatives.push x.rule
-      self
-    end
-
-    def rule
-      self
-    end
-
-    def each_rule(&block)
-      yield self
-      @alternatives.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :ident
-
-    attr_reader :hash
-    attr_reader :ptrs
-
-    def hash=(n)
-      @hash = n
-      ptrs = []
-      @symbols.each_with_index do |sym, idx|
-        ptrs.push LocationPointer.new(self, idx, sym)
-      end
-      ptrs.push LocationPointer.new(self, @symbols.size, nil)
-      @ptrs = ptrs
-    end
-
-    def precedence
-      @specified_prec || @precedence
-    end
-
-    def precedence=(sym)
-      @precedence ||= sym
-    end
-
-    def prec(sym, &block)
-      @specified_prec = sym
-      if block
-        unless @action.empty?
-          raise CompileError, 'both of rule action block and prec block given'
-        end
-        @action = UserAction.proc(block)
-      end
-      self
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :specified_prec
-
-    def nullable?() @null end
-    def null=(n)    @null = n end
-
-    def useless?()  @useless end
-    def useless=(u) @useless = u end
-
-    def inspect
-      "#<Racc::Rule id=#{@ident} (#{@target})>"
-    end
-
-    def ==(other)
-      other.kind_of?(Rule) and @ident == other.ident
-    end
-
-    def [](idx)
-      @symbols[idx]
-    end
-
-    def size
-      @symbols.size
-    end
-
-    def empty?
-      @symbols.empty?
-    end
-
-    def to_s
-      "#<rule#{@ident}>"
-    end
-
-    def accept?
-      if tok = @symbols[-1]
-        tok.anchor?
-      else
-        false
-      end
-    end
-
-    def each(&block)
-      @symbols.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def replace(src, dest)
-      @target = dest
-      @symbols = @symbols.map {|s| s == src ? dest : s }
-    end
-
-  end   # class Rule
-
-
-  class UserAction
-
-    def UserAction.source_text(src)
-      new(src, nil)
-    end
-
-    def UserAction.proc(pr = nil, &block)
-      if pr and block
-        raise ArgumentError, "both of argument and block given"
-      end
-      new(nil, pr || block)
-    end
-
-    def UserAction.empty
-      new(nil, nil)
-    end
-
-    private_class_method :new
-
-    def initialize(src, proc)
-      @source = src
-      @proc = proc
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :source
-    attr_reader :proc
-
-    def source?
-      not @proc
-    end
-
-    def proc?
-      not @source
-    end
-
-    def empty?
-      not @proc and not @source
-    end
-
-    def name
-      "{action type=#{@source || @proc || 'nil'}}"
-    end
-
-    alias inspect name
-
-  end
-
-
-  class OrMark
-    def initialize(lineno)
-      @lineno = lineno
-    end
-
-    def name
-      '|'
-    end
-
-    alias inspect name
-
-    attr_reader :lineno
-  end
-
-
-  class Prec
-    def initialize(symbol, lineno)
-      @symbol = symbol
-      @lineno = lineno
-    end
-
-    def name
-      "=#{@symbol}"
-    end
-
-    alias inspect name
-
-    attr_reader :symbol
-    attr_reader :lineno
-  end
-
-
-  #
-  # A set of rule and position in it's RHS.
-  # Note that the number of pointers is more than rule's RHS array,
-  # because pointer points right edge of the final symbol when reducing.
-  #
-  class LocationPointer
-
-    def initialize(rule, i, sym)
-      @rule   = rule
-      @index  = i
-      @symbol = sym
-      @ident  = @rule.hash + i
-      @reduce = sym.nil?
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :rule
-    attr_reader :index
-    attr_reader :symbol
-
-    alias dereference symbol
-
-    attr_reader :ident
-    alias hash ident
-    attr_reader :reduce
-    alias reduce? reduce
-
-    def to_s
-      sprintf('(%d,%d %s)',
-              @rule.ident, @index, (reduce?() ? '#' : @symbol.to_s))
-    end
-
-    alias inspect to_s
-
-    def eql?(ot)
-      @hash == ot.hash
-    end
-
-    alias == eql?
-
-    def head?
-      @index == 0
-    end
-
-    def next
-      @rule.ptrs[@index + 1] or ptr_bug!
-    end
-
-    alias increment next
-
-    def before(len)
-      @rule.ptrs[@index - len] or ptr_bug!
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def ptr_bug!
-      raise "racc: fatal: pointer not exist: self: #{to_s}"
-    end
-
-  end   # class LocationPointer
-
-
-  class SymbolTable
-
-    include Enumerable
-
-    def initialize
-      @symbols = []   # :: [Racc::Sym]
-      @cache   = {}   # :: {(String|Symbol) => Racc::Sym}
-      @dummy  = intern(:$start, true)
-      @anchor = intern(false, true)     # Symbol ID = 0
-      @error  = intern(:error, false)   # Symbol ID = 1
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :dummy
-    attr_reader :anchor
-    attr_reader :error
-
-    def [](id)
-      @symbols[id]
-    end
-
-    def intern(val, dummy = false)
-      @cache[val] ||=
-          begin
-            sym = Sym.new(val, dummy)
-            @symbols.push sym
-            sym
-          end
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :symbols
-    alias to_a symbols
-
-    def delete(sym)
-      @symbols.delete sym
-      @cache.delete sym.value
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :nt_base
-
-    def nt_max
-      @symbols.size
-    end
-
-    def each(&block)
-      @symbols.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def terminals(&block)
-      @symbols[0, @nt_base]
-    end
-
-    def each_terminal(&block)
-      @terms.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def nonterminals
-      @symbols[@nt_base, @symbols.size - @nt_base]
-    end
-
-    def each_nonterminal(&block)
-      @nterms.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def fix
-      terms, nterms = @symbols.partition {|s| s.terminal? }
-      @symbols = terms + nterms
-      @terms = terms
-      @nterms = nterms
-      @nt_base = terms.size
-      fix_ident
-      check_terminals
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def fix_ident
-      @symbols.each_with_index do |t, i|
-        t.ident = i
-      end
-    end
-
-    def check_terminals
-      return unless @symbols.any? {|s| s.should_terminal? }
-      @anchor.should_terminal
-      @error.should_terminal
-      each_terminal do |t|
-        t.should_terminal if t.string_symbol?
-      end
-      each do |s|
-        s.should_terminal if s.assoc
-      end
-      terminals().reject {|t| t.should_terminal? }.each do |t|
-        raise CompileError, "terminal #{t} not declared as terminal"
-      end
-      nonterminals().select {|n| n.should_terminal? }.each do |n|
-        raise CompileError, "symbol #{n} declared as terminal but is not terminal"
-      end
-    end
-
-  end   # class SymbolTable
-
-
-  # Stands terminal and nonterminal symbols.
-  class Sym
-
-    def initialize(value, dummyp)
-      @ident = nil
-      @value = value
-      @dummyp = dummyp
-
-      @term  = nil
-      @nterm = nil
-      @should_terminal = false
-      @precedence = nil
-      case value
-      when Symbol
-        @to_s = value.to_s
-        @serialized = value.inspect
-        @string = false
-      when String
-        @to_s = value.inspect
-        @serialized = value.dump
-        @string = true
-      when false
-        @to_s = '$end'
-        @serialized = 'false'
-        @string = false
-      when ErrorSymbolValue
-        @to_s = 'error'
-        @serialized = 'Object.new'
-        @string = false
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError, "unknown symbol value: #{value.class}"
-      end
-
-      @heads    = []
-      @locate   = []
-      @snull    = nil
-      @null     = nil
-      @expand   = nil
-      @useless  = nil
-    end
-
-    class << self
-      def once_writer(nm)
-        nm = nm.id2name
-        module_eval(<<-EOS)
-          def #{nm}=(v)
-            raise 'racc: fatal: @#{nm} != nil' unless @#{nm}.nil?
-            @#{nm} = v
-          end
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-    once_writer :ident
-    attr_reader :ident
-
-    alias hash ident
-
-    attr_reader :value
-
-    def dummy?
-      @dummyp
-    end
-
-    def terminal?
-      @term
-    end
-
-    def nonterminal?
-      @nterm
-    end
-
-    def term=(t)
-      raise 'racc: fatal: term= called twice' unless @term.nil?
-      @term = t
-      @nterm = !t
-    end
-
-    def should_terminal
-      @should_terminal = true
-    end
-
-    def should_terminal?
-      @should_terminal
-    end
-
-    def string_symbol?
-      @string
-    end
-
-    def serialize
-      @serialized
-    end
-
-    attr_writer :serialized
-
-    attr_accessor :precedence
-    attr_accessor :assoc
-
-    def to_s
-      @to_s.dup
-    end
-
-    alias inspect to_s
-
-    def |(x)
-      rule() | x.rule
-    end
-
-    def rule
-      Rule.new(nil, [self], UserAction.empty)
-    end
-
-    #
-    # cache
-    #
-
-    attr_reader :heads
-    attr_reader :locate
-
-    def self_null?
-      @snull
-    end
-
-    once_writer :snull
-
-    def nullable?
-      @null
-    end
-
-    def null=(n)
-      @null = n
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :expand
-    once_writer :expand
-
-    def useless?
-      @useless
-    end
-
-    def useless=(f)
-      @useless = f
-    end
-
-  end   # class Sym
-
-end   # module Racc
diff --git a/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb b/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c7d1207f0b..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,561 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-require 'racc'
-require 'racc/compat'
-require 'racc/grammar'
-require 'racc/parserfilegenerator'
-require 'racc/sourcetext'
-require 'stringio'
-
-module Racc
-
-  grammar = Grammar.define {
-    g = self
-
-    g.class = seq(:CLASS, :cname, many(:param), :RULE, :rules, option(:END))
-
-    g.cname       = seq(:rubyconst) {|name|
-                      @result.params.classname = name
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:rubyconst, "<", :rubyconst) {|c, _, s|
-                      @result.params.classname = c
-                      @result.params.superclass = s
-                    }
-
-    g.rubyconst   = separated_by1(:colon2, :SYMBOL) {|syms|
-                      syms.map {|s| s.to_s }.join('::')
-                    }
-
-    g.colon2 = seq(':', ':')
-
-    g.param       = seq(:CONV, many1(:convdef), :END) {|*|
-                      #@grammar.end_convert_block   # FIXME
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:PRECHIGH, many1(:precdef), :PRECLOW) {|*|
-                      @grammar.end_precedence_declaration true
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:PRECLOW, many1(:precdef), :PRECHIGH) {|*|
-                      @grammar.end_precedence_declaration false
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:START, :symbol) {|_, sym|
-                      @grammar.start_symbol = sym
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:TOKEN, :symbols) {|_, syms|
-                      syms.each do |s|
-                        s.should_terminal
-                      end
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:OPTION, :options) {|_, syms|
-                      syms.each do |opt|
-                        case opt
-                        when 'result_var'
-                          @result.params.result_var = true
-                        when 'no_result_var'
-                          @result.params.result_var = false
-                        when 'omit_action_call'
-                          @result.params.omit_action_call = true
-                        when 'no_omit_action_call'
-                          @result.params.omit_action_call = false
-                        else
-                          raise CompileError, "unknown option: #{opt}"
-                        end
-                      end
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:EXPECT, :DIGIT) {|_, num|
-                      if @grammar.n_expected_srconflicts
-                        raise CompileError, "`expect' seen twice"
-                      end
-                      @grammar.n_expected_srconflicts = num
-                    }
-
-    g.convdef     = seq(:symbol, :STRING) {|sym, code|
-                      sym.serialized = code
-                    }
-
-    g.precdef     = seq(:LEFT, :symbols) {|_, syms|
-                      @grammar.declare_precedence :Left, syms
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:RIGHT, :symbols) {|_, syms|
-                      @grammar.declare_precedence :Right, syms
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:NONASSOC, :symbols) {|_, syms|
-                      @grammar.declare_precedence :Nonassoc, syms
-                    }
-
-    g.symbols     = seq(:symbol) {|sym|
-                      [sym]
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:symbols, :symbol) {|list, sym|
-                      list.push sym
-                      list
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:symbols, "|")
-
-    g.symbol      = seq(:SYMBOL) {|sym| @grammar.intern(sym) }\
-                  | seq(:STRING) {|str| @grammar.intern(str) }
-
-    g.options     = many(:SYMBOL) {|syms| syms.map {|s| s.to_s } }
-
-    g.rules       = option(:rules_core) {|list|
-                      add_rule_block list  unless list.empty?
-                      nil
-                    }
-
-    g.rules_core  = seq(:symbol) {|sym|
-                      [sym]
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:rules_core, :rule_item) {|list, i|
-                      list.push i
-                      list
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:rules_core, ';') {|list, *|
-                      add_rule_block list  unless list.empty?
-                      list.clear
-                      list
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:rules_core, ':') {|list, *|
-                      next_target = list.pop
-                      add_rule_block list  unless list.empty?
-                      [next_target]
-                    }
-
-    g.rule_item   = seq(:symbol)\
-                  | seq("|") {|*|
-                      OrMark.new(@scanner.lineno)
-                    }\
-                  | seq("=", :symbol) {|_, sym|
-                      Prec.new(sym, @scanner.lineno)
-                    }\
-                  | seq(:ACTION) {|src|
-                      UserAction.source_text(src)
-                    }
-  }
-
-  GrammarFileParser = grammar.parser_class
-
-  if grammar.states.srconflict_exist?
-    raise 'Racc boot script fatal: S/R conflict in build'
-  end
-  if grammar.states.rrconflict_exist?
-    raise 'Racc boot script fatal: R/R conflict in build'
-  end
-
-  class GrammarFileParser   # reopen
-
-    class Result
-      def initialize(grammar)
-        @grammar = grammar
-        @params = ParserFileGenerator::Params.new
-      end
-
-      attr_reader :grammar
-      attr_reader :params
-    end
-
-    def GrammarFileParser.parse_file(filename)
-      parse(File.read(filename), filename, 1)
-    end
-
-    def GrammarFileParser.parse(src, filename = '-', lineno = 1)
-      new().parse(src, filename, lineno)
-    end
-
-    def initialize(debug_flags = DebugFlags.new)
-      @yydebug = debug_flags.parse
-    end
-
-    def parse(src, filename = '-', lineno = 1)
-      @filename = filename
-      @lineno = lineno
-      @scanner = GrammarFileScanner.new(src, @filename)
-      @scanner.debug = @yydebug
-      @grammar = Grammar.new
-      @result = Result.new(@grammar)
-      @embedded_action_seq = 0
-      yyparse @scanner, :yylex
-      parse_user_code
-      @result.grammar.init
-      @result
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def next_token
-      @scanner.scan
-    end
-
-    def on_error(tok, val, _values)
-      if val.respond_to?(:id2name)
-        v = val.id2name
-      elsif val.kind_of?(String)
-        v = val
-      else
-        v = val.inspect
-      end
-      raise CompileError, "#{location()}: unexpected token '#{v}'"
-    end
-
-    def location
-      "#{@filename}:#{@lineno - 1 + @scanner.lineno}"
-    end
-
-    def add_rule_block(list)
-      sprec = nil
-      target = list.shift
-      case target
-      when OrMark, UserAction, Prec
-        raise CompileError, "#{target.lineno}: unexpected symbol #{target.name}"
-      end
-      curr = []
-      list.each do |i|
-        case i
-        when OrMark
-          add_rule target, curr, sprec
-          curr = []
-          sprec = nil
-        when Prec
-          raise CompileError, "'=<prec>' used twice in one rule" if sprec
-          sprec = i.symbol
-        else
-          curr.push i
-        end
-      end
-      add_rule target, curr, sprec
-    end
-
-    def add_rule(target, list, sprec)
-      if list.last.kind_of?(UserAction)
-        act = list.pop
-      else
-        act = UserAction.empty
-      end
-      list.map! {|s| s.kind_of?(UserAction) ? embedded_action(s) : s }
-      rule = Rule.new(target, list, act)
-      rule.specified_prec = sprec
-      @grammar.add rule
-    end
-
-    def embedded_action(act)
-      sym = @grammar.intern("@#{@embedded_action_seq += 1}".intern, true)
-      @grammar.add Rule.new(sym, [], act)
-      sym
-    end
-
-    #
-    # User Code Block
-    #
-
-    def parse_user_code
-      line = @scanner.lineno
-      _, *blocks = *@scanner.epilogue.split(/^----/)
-      blocks.each do |block|
-        header, *body = block.lines.to_a
-        label0, paths = *header.sub(/\A-+/, '').split('=', 2)
-        label = canonical_label(label0)
-        (paths ? paths.strip.split(' ') : []).each do |path|
-          add_user_code label, SourceText.new(File.read(path), path, 1)
-        end
-        add_user_code label, SourceText.new(body.join(''), @filename, line + 1)
-        line += (1 + body.size)
-      end
-    end
-
-    USER_CODE_LABELS = {
-      'header'  => :header,
-      'prepare' => :header,   # obsolete
-      'inner'   => :inner,
-      'footer'  => :footer,
-      'driver'  => :footer    # obsolete
-    }
-
-    def canonical_label(src)
-      label = src.to_s.strip.downcase.slice(/\w+/)
-      unless USER_CODE_LABELS.key?(label)
-        raise CompileError, "unknown user code type: #{label.inspect}"
-      end
-      label
-    end
-
-    def add_user_code(label, src)
-      @result.params.public_send(USER_CODE_LABELS[label]).push src
-    end
-
-  end
-
-
-  class GrammarFileScanner
-
-    def initialize(str, filename = '-')
-      @lines  = str.b.split(/\n|\r\n|\r/)
-      @filename = filename
-      @lineno = -1
-      @line_head   = true
-      @in_rule_blk = false
-      @in_conv_blk = false
-      @in_block = nil
-      @epilogue = ''
-      @debug = false
-      next_line
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :epilogue
-
-    def lineno
-      @lineno + 1
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :debug
-
-    def yylex(&block)
-      unless @debug
-        yylex0(&block)
-      else
-        yylex0 do |sym, tok|
-          $stderr.printf "%7d %-10s %s\n", lineno(), sym.inspect, tok.inspect
-          yield [sym, tok]
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def yylex0
-      begin
-        until @line.empty?
-          @line.sub!(/\A\s+/, '')
-          if /\A\#/ =~ @line
-            break
-          elsif /\A\/\*/ =~ @line
-            skip_comment
-          elsif s = reads(/\A[a-zA-Z_]\w*/)
-            yield [atom_symbol(s), s.intern]
-          elsif s = reads(/\A\d+/)
-            yield [:DIGIT, s.to_i]
-          elsif ch = reads(/\A./)
-            case ch
-            when '"', "'"
-              yield [:STRING, eval(scan_quoted(ch))]
-            when '{'
-              lineno = lineno()
-              yield [:ACTION, SourceText.new(scan_action(), @filename, lineno)]
-            else
-              if ch == '|'
-                @line_head = false
-              end
-              yield [ch, ch]
-            end
-          else
-          end
-        end
-      end while next_line()
-      yield nil
-    end
-
-    def next_line
-      @lineno += 1
-      @line = @lines[@lineno]
-      if not @line or /\A----/ =~ @line
-        @epilogue = @lines.join("\n")
-        @lines.clear
-        @line = nil
-        if @in_block
-          @lineno -= 1
-          scan_error! sprintf('unterminated %s', @in_block)
-        end
-        false
-      else
-        @line.sub!(/(?:\n|\r\n|\r)\z/, '')
-        @line_head = true
-        true
-      end
-    end
-
-    ReservedWord = {
-      'right'    => :RIGHT,
-      'left'     => :LEFT,
-      'nonassoc' => :NONASSOC,
-      'preclow'  => :PRECLOW,
-      'prechigh' => :PRECHIGH,
-      'token'    => :TOKEN,
-      'convert'  => :CONV,
-      'options'  => :OPTION,
-      'start'    => :START,
-      'expect'   => :EXPECT,
-      'class'    => :CLASS,
-      'rule'     => :RULE,
-      'end'      => :END
-    }
-
-    def atom_symbol(token)
-      if token == 'end'
-        symbol = :END
-        @in_conv_blk = false
-        @in_rule_blk = false
-      else
-        if @line_head and not @in_conv_blk and not @in_rule_blk
-          symbol = ReservedWord[token] || :SYMBOL
-        else
-          symbol = :SYMBOL
-        end
-        case symbol
-        when :RULE then @in_rule_blk = true
-        when :CONV then @in_conv_blk = true
-        end
-      end
-      @line_head = false
-      symbol
-    end
-
-    def skip_comment
-      @in_block = 'comment'
-      until m = /\*\//.match(@line)
-        next_line
-      end
-      @line = m.post_match
-      @in_block = nil
-    end
-
-    $raccs_print_type = false
-
-    def scan_action
-      buf = String.new
-      nest = 1
-      pre = nil
-      @in_block = 'action'
-      begin
-        pre = nil
-        if s = reads(/\A\s+/)
-          # does not set 'pre'
-          buf << s
-        end
-        until @line.empty?
-          if s = reads(/\A[^'"`{}%#\/\$]+/)
-            buf << (pre = s)
-            next
-          end
-          case ch = read(1)
-          when '{'
-            nest += 1
-            buf << (pre = ch)
-          when '}'
-            nest -= 1
-            if nest == 0
-              @in_block = nil
-              buf.sub!(/[ \t\f]+\z/, '')
-              return buf
-            end
-            buf << (pre = ch)
-          when '#'   # comment
-            buf << ch << @line
-            break
-          when "'", '"', '`'
-            buf << (pre = scan_quoted(ch))
-          when '%'
-            if literal_head? pre, @line
-              # % string, regexp, array
-              buf << ch
-              case ch = read(1)
-              when /[qQx]/n
-                buf << ch << (pre = scan_quoted(read(1), '%string'))
-              when /wW/n
-                buf << ch << (pre = scan_quoted(read(1), '%array'))
-              when /s/n
-                buf << ch << (pre = scan_quoted(read(1), '%symbol'))
-              when /r/n
-                buf << ch << (pre = scan_quoted(read(1), '%regexp'))
-              when /[a-zA-Z0-9= ]/n   # does not include "_"
-                scan_error! "unknown type of % literal '%#{ch}'"
-              else
-                buf << (pre = scan_quoted(ch, '%string'))
-              end
-            else
-              # operator
-              buf << '||op->' if $raccs_print_type
-              buf << (pre = ch)
-            end
-          when '/'
-            if literal_head? pre, @line
-              # regexp
-              buf << (pre = scan_quoted(ch, 'regexp'))
-            else
-              # operator
-              buf << '||op->' if $raccs_print_type
-              buf << (pre = ch)
-            end
-          when '$'   # gvar
-            buf << ch << (pre = read(1))
-          else
-            raise 'racc: fatal: must not happen'
-          end
-        end
-        buf << "\n"
-      end while next_line()
-      raise 'racc: fatal: scan finished before parser finished'
-    end
-
-    def literal_head?(pre, post)
-      (!pre || /[a-zA-Z_0-9]/n !~ pre[-1,1]) &&
-          !post.empty? && /\A[\s\=]/n !~ post
-    end
-
-    def read(len)
-      s = @line[0, len]
-      @line = @line[len .. -1]
-      s
-    end
-
-    def reads(re)
-      m = re.match(@line) or return nil
-      @line = m.post_match
-      m[0]
-    end
-
-    def scan_quoted(left, tag = 'string')
-      buf = left.dup
-      buf = "||#{tag}->" + buf if $raccs_print_type
-      re = get_quoted_re(left)
-      sv, @in_block = @in_block, tag
-      begin
-        if s = reads(re)
-          buf << s
-          break
-        else
-          buf << @line
-        end
-      end while next_line()
-      @in_block = sv
-      buf << "<-#{tag}||" if $raccs_print_type
-      buf
-    end
-
-    LEFT_TO_RIGHT = {
-      '(' => ')',
-      '{' => '}',
-      '[' => ']',
-      '<' => '>'
-    }
-
-    CACHE = {}
-
-    def get_quoted_re(left)
-      term = Regexp.quote(LEFT_TO_RIGHT[left] || left)
-      CACHE[left] ||= /\A[^#{term}\\]*(?:\\.[^\\#{term}]*)*#{term}/
-    end
-
-    def scan_error!(msg)
-      raise CompileError, "#{lineno()}: #{msg}"
-    end
-
-  end
-
-end   # module Racc
diff --git a/lib/racc/info.rb b/lib/racc/info.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index bb1f100adc..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/info.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-module Racc
-  VERSION   = '1.6.0'
-  Version = VERSION
-  Copyright = 'Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki'
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/iset.rb b/lib/racc/iset.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 339221d21b..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/iset.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-module Racc
-
-  # An "indexed" set.  All items must respond to :ident.
-  class ISet
-
-    def initialize(a = [])
-      @set = a
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :set
-
-    def add(i)
-      @set[i.ident] = i
-    end
-
-    def [](key)
-      @set[key.ident]
-    end
-
-    def []=(key, val)
-      @set[key.ident] = val
-    end
-
-    alias include? []
-    alias key? []
-
-    def update(other)
-      s = @set
-      o = other.set
-      o.each_index do |idx|
-        if t = o[idx]
-          s[idx] = t
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def update_a(a)
-      s = @set
-      a.each {|i| s[i.ident] = i }
-    end
-
-    def delete(key)
-      i = @set[key.ident]
-      @set[key.ident] = nil
-      i
-    end
-
-    def each(&block)
-      @set.compact.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def to_a
-      @set.compact
-    end
-
-    def to_s
-      "[#{@set.compact.join(' ')}]"
-    end
-
-    alias inspect to_s
-
-    def size
-      @set.nitems
-    end
-
-    def empty?
-      @set.nitems == 0
-    end
-
-    def clear
-      @set.clear
-    end
-
-    def dup
-      ISet.new(@set.dup)
-    end
-
-  end   # class ISet
-
-end   # module Racc
diff --git a/lib/racc/logfilegenerator.rb b/lib/racc/logfilegenerator.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2f5aa0c8b0..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/logfilegenerator.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-module Racc
-
-  class LogFileGenerator
-
-    def initialize(states, debug_flags = DebugFlags.new)
-      @states = states
-      @grammar = states.grammar
-      @debug_flags = debug_flags
-    end
-
-    def output(out)
-      output_conflict out; out.puts
-      output_useless  out; out.puts
-      output_rule     out; out.puts
-      output_token    out; out.puts
-      output_state    out
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Warnings
-    #
-
-    def output_conflict(out)
-      @states.each do |state|
-        if state.srconf
-          out.printf "state %d contains %d shift/reduce conflicts\n",
-                     state.stateid, state.srconf.size
-        end
-        if state.rrconf
-          out.printf "state %d contains %d reduce/reduce conflicts\n",
-                     state.stateid, state.rrconf.size
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def output_useless(out)
-      @grammar.each do |rl|
-        if rl.useless?
-          out.printf "rule %d (%s) never reduced\n",
-                     rl.ident, rl.target.to_s
-        end
-      end
-      @grammar.each_nonterminal do |t|
-        if t.useless?
-          out.printf "useless nonterminal %s\n", t.to_s
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # States
-    #
-
-    def output_state(out)
-      out << "--------- State ---------\n"
-
-      showall = @debug_flags.la || @debug_flags.state
-      @states.each do |state|
-        out << "\nstate #{state.ident}\n\n"
-
-        (showall ? state.closure : state.core).each do |ptr|
-          pointer_out(out, ptr) if ptr.rule.ident != 0 or showall
-        end
-        out << "\n"
-
-        action_out out, state
-      end
-    end
-
-    def pointer_out(out, ptr)
-      buf = sprintf("%4d) %s :", ptr.rule.ident, ptr.rule.target.to_s)
-      ptr.rule.symbols.each_with_index do |tok, idx|
-        buf << ' _' if idx == ptr.index
-        buf << ' ' << tok.to_s
-      end
-      buf << ' _' if ptr.reduce?
-      out.puts buf
-    end
-
-    def action_out(f, state)
-      sr = state.srconf && state.srconf.dup
-      rr = state.rrconf && state.rrconf.dup
-      acts = state.action
-      keys = acts.keys
-      keys.sort! {|a,b| a.ident <=> b.ident }
-
-      [ Shift, Reduce, Error, Accept ].each do |klass|
-        keys.delete_if do |tok|
-          act = acts[tok]
-          if act.kind_of?(klass)
-            outact f, tok, act
-            if sr and c = sr.delete(tok)
-              outsrconf f, c
-            end
-            if rr and c = rr.delete(tok)
-              outrrconf f, c
-            end
-
-            true
-          else
-            false
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      sr.each {|tok, c| outsrconf f, c } if sr
-      rr.each {|tok, c| outrrconf f, c } if rr
-
-      act = state.defact
-      if not act.kind_of?(Error) or @debug_flags.any?
-        outact f, '$default', act
-      end
-
-      f.puts
-      state.goto_table.each do |t, st|
-        if t.nonterminal?
-          f.printf "  %-12s  go to state %d\n", t.to_s, st.ident
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def outact(f, t, act)
-      case act
-      when Shift
-        f.printf "  %-12s  shift, and go to state %d\n",
-                 t.to_s, act.goto_id
-      when Reduce
-        f.printf "  %-12s  reduce using rule %d (%s)\n",
-                 t.to_s, act.ruleid, act.rule.target.to_s
-      when Accept
-        f.printf "  %-12s  accept\n", t.to_s
-      when Error
-        f.printf "  %-12s  error\n", t.to_s
-      else
-        raise "racc: fatal: wrong act for outact: act=#{act}(#{act.class})"
-      end
-    end
-
-    def outsrconf(f, confs)
-      confs.each do |c|
-        r = c.reduce
-        f.printf "  %-12s  [reduce using rule %d (%s)]\n",
-                 c.shift.to_s, r.ident, r.target.to_s
-      end
-    end
-
-    def outrrconf(f, confs)
-      confs.each do |c|
-        r = c.low_prec
-        f.printf "  %-12s  [reduce using rule %d (%s)]\n",
-                 c.token.to_s, r.ident, r.target.to_s
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Rules
-    #
-
-    def output_rule(out)
-      out.print "-------- Grammar --------\n\n"
-      @grammar.each do |rl|
-        if @debug_flags.any? or rl.ident != 0
-          out.printf "rule %d %s: %s\n",
-                     rl.ident, rl.target.to_s, rl.symbols.join(' ')
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Tokens
-    #
-
-    def output_token(out)
-      out.print "------- Symbols -------\n\n"
-
-      out.print "**Nonterminals, with rules where they appear\n\n"
-      @grammar.each_nonterminal do |t|
-        tmp = <<SRC
-  %s (%d)
-    on right: %s
-    on left : %s
-SRC
-        out.printf tmp, t.to_s, t.ident,
-                   symbol_locations(t.locate).join(' '),
-                   symbol_locations(t.heads).join(' ')
-      end
-
-      out.print "\n**Terminals, with rules where they appear\n\n"
-      @grammar.each_terminal do |t|
-        out.printf "  %s (%d) %s\n",
-                   t.to_s, t.ident, symbol_locations(t.locate).join(' ')
-      end
-    end
-
-    def symbol_locations(locs)
-      locs.map {|loc| loc.rule.ident }.reject {|n| n == 0 }.uniq
-    end
-
-  end
-
-end   # module Racc
diff --git a/lib/racc/parser-text.rb b/lib/racc/parser-text.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0579f4ce9b..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/parser-text.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,637 +0,0 @@
-module Racc
-  PARSER_TEXT = <<'__end_of_file__'
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#--
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-#
-# As a special exception, when this code is copied by Racc
-# into a Racc output file, you may use that output file
-# without restriction.
-#++
-
-require 'racc/info'
-
-unless defined?(NotImplementedError)
-  NotImplementedError = NotImplementError # :nodoc:
-end
-
-module Racc
-  class ParseError < StandardError; end
-end
-unless defined?(::ParseError)
-  ParseError = Racc::ParseError # :nodoc:
-end
-
-# Racc is a LALR(1) parser generator.
-# It is written in Ruby itself, and generates Ruby programs.
-#
-# == Command-line Reference
-#
-#     racc [-o<var>filename</var>] [--output-file=<var>filename</var>]
-#          [-e<var>rubypath</var>] [--executable=<var>rubypath</var>]
-#          [-v] [--verbose]
-#          [-O<var>filename</var>] [--log-file=<var>filename</var>]
-#          [-g] [--debug]
-#          [-E] [--embedded]
-#          [-l] [--no-line-convert]
-#          [-c] [--line-convert-all]
-#          [-a] [--no-omit-actions]
-#          [-C] [--check-only]
-#          [-S] [--output-status]
-#          [--version] [--copyright] [--help] <var>grammarfile</var>
-#
-# [+grammarfile+]
-#   Racc grammar file. Any extension is permitted.
-# [-o+outfile+, --output-file=+outfile+]
-#   A filename for output. default is <+filename+>.tab.rb
-# [-O+filename+, --log-file=+filename+]
-#   Place logging output in file +filename+.
-#   Default log file name is <+filename+>.output.
-# [-e+rubypath+, --executable=+rubypath+]
-#   output executable file(mode 755). where +path+ is the Ruby interpreter.
-# [-v, --verbose]
-#   verbose mode. create +filename+.output file, like yacc's y.output file.
-# [-g, --debug]
-#   add debug code to parser class. To display debuggin information,
-#   use this '-g' option and set @yydebug true in parser class.
-# [-E, --embedded]
-#   Output parser which doesn't need runtime files (racc/parser.rb).
-# [-C, --check-only]
-#   Check syntax of racc grammar file and quit.
-# [-S, --output-status]
-#   Print messages time to time while compiling.
-# [-l, --no-line-convert]
-#   turns off line number converting.
-# [-c, --line-convert-all]
-#   Convert line number of actions, inner, header and footer.
-# [-a, --no-omit-actions]
-#   Call all actions, even if an action is empty.
-# [--version]
-#   print Racc version and quit.
-# [--copyright]
-#   Print copyright and quit.
-# [--help]
-#   Print usage and quit.
-#
-# == Generating Parser Using Racc
-#
-# To compile Racc grammar file, simply type:
-#
-#   $ racc parse.y
-#
-# This creates Ruby script file "parse.tab.y". The -o option can change the output filename.
-#
-# == Writing A Racc Grammar File
-#
-# If you want your own parser, you have to write a grammar file.
-# A grammar file contains the name of your parser class, grammar for the parser,
-# user code, and anything else.
-# When writing a grammar file, yacc's knowledge is helpful.
-# If you have not used yacc before, Racc is not too difficult.
-#
-# Here's an example Racc grammar file.
-#
-#   class Calcparser
-#   rule
-#     target: exp { print val[0] }
-#
-#     exp: exp '+' exp
-#        | exp '*' exp
-#        | '(' exp ')'
-#        | NUMBER
-#   end
-#
-# Racc grammar files resemble yacc files.
-# But (of course), this is Ruby code.
-# yacc's $$ is the 'result', $0, $1... is
-# an array called 'val', and $-1, $-2... is an array called '_values'.
-#
-# See the {Grammar File Reference}[rdoc-ref:lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc] for
-# more information on grammar files.
-#
-# == Parser
-#
-# Then you must prepare the parse entry method. There are two types of
-# parse methods in Racc, Racc::Parser#do_parse and Racc::Parser#yyparse
-#
-# Racc::Parser#do_parse is simple.
-#
-# It's yyparse() of yacc, and Racc::Parser#next_token is yylex().
-# This method must returns an array like [TOKENSYMBOL, ITS_VALUE].
-# EOF is [false, false].
-# (TOKENSYMBOL is a Ruby symbol (taken from String#intern) by default.
-# If you want to change this, see the grammar reference.
-#
-# Racc::Parser#yyparse is little complicated, but useful.
-# It does not use Racc::Parser#next_token, instead it gets tokens from any iterator.
-#
-# For example, <code>yyparse(obj, :scan)</code> causes
-# calling +obj#scan+, and you can return tokens by yielding them from +obj#scan+.
-#
-# == Debugging
-#
-# When debugging, "-v" or/and the "-g" option is helpful.
-#
-# "-v" creates verbose log file (.output).
-# "-g" creates a "Verbose Parser".
-# Verbose Parser prints the internal status when parsing.
-# But it's _not_ automatic.
-# You must use -g option and set +@yydebug+ to +true+ in order to get output.
-# -g option only creates the verbose parser.
-#
-# === Racc reported syntax error.
-#
-# Isn't there too many "end"?
-# grammar of racc file is changed in v0.10.
-#
-# Racc does not use '%' mark, while yacc uses huge number of '%' marks..
-#
-# === Racc reported "XXXX conflicts".
-#
-# Try "racc -v xxxx.y".
-# It causes producing racc's internal log file, xxxx.output.
-#
-# === Generated parsers does not work correctly
-#
-# Try "racc -g xxxx.y".
-# This command let racc generate "debugging parser".
-# Then set @yydebug=true in your parser.
-# It produces a working log of your parser.
-#
-# == Re-distributing Racc runtime
-#
-# A parser, which is created by Racc, requires the Racc runtime module;
-# racc/parser.rb.
-#
-# Ruby 1.8.x comes with Racc runtime module,
-# you need NOT distribute Racc runtime files.
-#
-# If you want to include the Racc runtime module with your parser.
-# This can be done by using '-E' option:
-#
-#   $ racc -E -omyparser.rb myparser.y
-#
-# This command creates myparser.rb which `includes' Racc runtime.
-# Only you must do is to distribute your parser file (myparser.rb).
-#
-# Note: parser.rb is ruby license, but your parser is not.
-# Your own parser is completely yours.
-module Racc
-
-  unless defined?(Racc_No_Extensions)
-    Racc_No_Extensions = false # :nodoc:
-  end
-
-  class Parser
-
-    Racc_Runtime_Version = ::Racc::VERSION
-    Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R = ::Racc::VERSION
-
-    begin
-      if Object.const_defined?(:RUBY_ENGINE) and RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
-        require 'jruby'
-        require 'racc/cparse-jruby.jar'
-        com.headius.racc.Cparse.new.load(JRuby.runtime, false)
-      else
-        require 'racc/cparse'
-      end
-
-      unless new.respond_to?(:_racc_do_parse_c, true)
-        raise LoadError, 'old cparse.so'
-      end
-      if Racc_No_Extensions
-        raise LoadError, 'selecting ruby version of racc runtime core'
-      end
-
-      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_c # :nodoc:
-      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_c # :nodoc:
-      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_C # :nodoc:
-      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'c' # :nodoc:
-    rescue LoadError
-      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_rb
-      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_rb
-      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R
-      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'ruby'
-    end
-
-    def Parser.racc_runtime_type # :nodoc:
-      Racc_Runtime_Type
-    end
-
-    def _racc_setup
-      @yydebug = false unless self.class::Racc_debug_parser
-      @yydebug = false unless defined?(@yydebug)
-      if @yydebug
-        @racc_debug_out = $stderr unless defined?(@racc_debug_out)
-        @racc_debug_out ||= $stderr
-      end
-      arg = self.class::Racc_arg
-      arg[13] = true if arg.size < 14
-      arg
-    end
-
-    def _racc_init_sysvars
-      @racc_state  = [0]
-      @racc_tstack = []
-      @racc_vstack = []
-
-      @racc_t = nil
-      @racc_val = nil
-
-      @racc_read_next = true
-
-      @racc_user_yyerror = false
-      @racc_error_status = 0
-    end
-
-    # The entry point of the parser. This method is used with #next_token.
-    # If Racc wants to get token (and its value), calls next_token.
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #     def parse
-    #       @q = [[1,1],
-    #             [2,2],
-    #             [3,3],
-    #             [false, '$']]
-    #       do_parse
-    #     end
-    #
-    #     def next_token
-    #       @q.shift
-    #     end
-    class_eval %{
-    def do_parse
-      #{Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine}(_racc_setup(), false)
-    end
-    }
-
-    # The method to fetch next token.
-    # If you use #do_parse method, you must implement #next_token.
-    #
-    # The format of return value is [TOKEN_SYMBOL, VALUE].
-    # +token-symbol+ is represented by Ruby's symbol by default, e.g. :IDENT
-    # for 'IDENT'.  ";" (String) for ';'.
-    #
-    # The final symbol (End of file) must be false.
-    def next_token
-      raise NotImplementedError, "#{self.class}\#next_token is not defined"
-    end
-
-    def _racc_do_parse_rb(arg, in_debug)
-      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
-      _,            _,            _,              _,
-      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
-
-      _racc_init_sysvars
-      tok = act = i = nil
-
-      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
-        while true
-          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
-            if @racc_read_next
-              if @racc_t != 0   # not EOF
-                tok, @racc_val = next_token()
-                unless tok      # EOF
-                  @racc_t = 0
-                else
-                  @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
-                end
-                racc_read_token(@racc_t, tok, @racc_val) if @yydebug
-                @racc_read_next = false
-              end
-            end
-            i += @racc_t
-            unless i >= 0 and
-                   act = action_table[i] and
-                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-            end
-          else
-            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-          end
-          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-            ;
-          end
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    # Another entry point for the parser.
-    # If you use this method, you must implement RECEIVER#METHOD_ID method.
-    #
-    # RECEIVER#METHOD_ID is a method to get next token.
-    # It must 'yield' the token, which format is [TOKEN-SYMBOL, VALUE].
-    class_eval %{
-    def yyparse(recv, mid)
-      #{Racc_YY_Parse_Method}(recv, mid, _racc_setup(), false)
-    end
-    }
-
-    def _racc_yyparse_rb(recv, mid, arg, c_debug)
-      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
-      _,            _,            _,              _,
-      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
-
-      _racc_init_sysvars
-
-      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
-        until i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
-          while act = _racc_evalact(action_default[@racc_state[-1]], arg)
-            ;
-          end
-        end
-        recv.__send__(mid) do |tok, val|
-          unless tok
-            @racc_t = 0
-          else
-            @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
-          end
-          @racc_val = val
-          @racc_read_next = false
-
-          i += @racc_t
-          unless i >= 0 and
-                 act = action_table[i] and
-                 action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-          end
-          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-            ;
-          end
-
-          while !(i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]) ||
-                ! @racc_read_next ||
-                @racc_t == 0  # $
-            unless i and i += @racc_t and
-                   i >= 0 and
-                   act = action_table[i] and
-                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-            end
-            while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-              ;
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    ###
-    ### common
-    ###
-
-    def _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-      action_table, action_check, _, action_pointer,
-      _,            _,            _, _,
-      _,            _,            _, shift_n,
-      reduce_n,     * = arg
-      nerr = 0   # tmp
-
-      if act > 0 and act < shift_n
-        #
-        # shift
-        #
-        if @racc_error_status > 0
-          @racc_error_status -= 1 unless @racc_t <= 1 # error token or EOF
-        end
-        @racc_vstack.push @racc_val
-        @racc_state.push act
-        @racc_read_next = true
-        if @yydebug
-          @racc_tstack.push @racc_t
-          racc_shift @racc_t, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
-        end
-
-      elsif act < 0 and act > -reduce_n
-        #
-        # reduce
-        #
-        code = catch(:racc_jump) {
-          @racc_state.push _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
-          false
-        }
-        if code
-          case code
-          when 1 # yyerror
-            @racc_user_yyerror = true   # user_yyerror
-            return -reduce_n
-          when 2 # yyaccept
-            return shift_n
-          else
-            raise '[Racc Bug] unknown jump code'
-          end
-        end
-
-      elsif act == shift_n
-        #
-        # accept
-        #
-        racc_accept if @yydebug
-        throw :racc_end_parse, @racc_vstack[0]
-
-      elsif act == -reduce_n
-        #
-        # error
-        #
-        case @racc_error_status
-        when 0
-          unless arg[21]    # user_yyerror
-            nerr += 1
-            on_error @racc_t, @racc_val, @racc_vstack
-          end
-        when 3
-          if @racc_t == 0   # is $
-            # We're at EOF, and another error occurred immediately after
-            # attempting auto-recovery
-            throw :racc_end_parse, nil
-          end
-          @racc_read_next = true
-        end
-        @racc_user_yyerror = false
-        @racc_error_status = 3
-        while true
-          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
-            i += 1   # error token
-            if  i >= 0 and
-                (act = action_table[i]) and
-                action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-              break
-            end
-          end
-          throw :racc_end_parse, nil if @racc_state.size <= 1
-          @racc_state.pop
-          @racc_vstack.pop
-          if @yydebug
-            @racc_tstack.pop
-            racc_e_pop @racc_state, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
-          end
-        end
-        return act
-
-      else
-        raise "[Racc Bug] unknown action #{act.inspect}"
-      end
-
-      racc_next_state(@racc_state[-1], @racc_state) if @yydebug
-
-      nil
-    end
-
-    def _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
-      _,          _,            _,            _,
-      goto_table, goto_check,   goto_default, goto_pointer,
-      nt_base,    reduce_table, _,            _,
-      _,          use_result,   * = arg
-
-      state = @racc_state
-      vstack = @racc_vstack
-      tstack = @racc_tstack
-
-      i = act * -3
-      len       = reduce_table[i]
-      reduce_to = reduce_table[i+1]
-      method_id = reduce_table[i+2]
-      void_array = []
-
-      tmp_t = tstack[-len, len] if @yydebug
-      tmp_v = vstack[-len, len]
-      tstack[-len, len] = void_array if @yydebug
-      vstack[-len, len] = void_array
-      state[-len, len]  = void_array
-
-      # tstack must be updated AFTER method call
-      if use_result
-        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack, tmp_v[0])
-      else
-        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack)
-      end
-      tstack.push reduce_to
-
-      racc_reduce(tmp_t, reduce_to, tstack, vstack) if @yydebug
-
-      k1 = reduce_to - nt_base
-      if i = goto_pointer[k1]
-        i += state[-1]
-        if i >= 0 and (curstate = goto_table[i]) and goto_check[i] == k1
-          return curstate
-        end
-      end
-      goto_default[k1]
-    end
-
-    # This method is called when a parse error is found.
-    #
-    # ERROR_TOKEN_ID is an internal ID of token which caused error.
-    # You can get string representation of this ID by calling
-    # #token_to_str.
-    #
-    # ERROR_VALUE is a value of error token.
-    #
-    # value_stack is a stack of symbol values.
-    # DO NOT MODIFY this object.
-    #
-    # This method raises ParseError by default.
-    #
-    # If this method returns, parsers enter "error recovering mode".
-    def on_error(t, val, vstack)
-      raise ParseError, sprintf("\nparse error on value %s (%s)",
-                                val.inspect, token_to_str(t) || '?')
-    end
-
-    # Enter error recovering mode.
-    # This method does not call #on_error.
-    def yyerror
-      throw :racc_jump, 1
-    end
-
-    # Exit parser.
-    # Return value is +Symbol_Value_Stack[0]+.
-    def yyaccept
-      throw :racc_jump, 2
-    end
-
-    # Leave error recovering mode.
-    def yyerrok
-      @racc_error_status = 0
-    end
-
-    # For debugging output
-    def racc_read_token(t, tok, val)
-      @racc_debug_out.print 'read    '
-      @racc_debug_out.print tok.inspect, '(', racc_token2str(t), ') '
-      @racc_debug_out.puts val.inspect
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_shift(tok, tstack, vstack)
-      @racc_debug_out.puts "shift   #{racc_token2str tok}"
-      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_reduce(toks, sim, tstack, vstack)
-      out = @racc_debug_out
-      out.print 'reduce '
-      if toks.empty?
-        out.print ' <none>'
-      else
-        toks.each {|t| out.print ' ', racc_token2str(t) }
-      end
-      out.puts " --> #{racc_token2str(sim)}"
-      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_accept
-      @racc_debug_out.puts 'accept'
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_e_pop(state, tstack, vstack)
-      @racc_debug_out.puts 'error recovering mode: pop token'
-      racc_print_states state
-      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_next_state(curstate, state)
-      @racc_debug_out.puts  "goto    #{curstate}"
-      racc_print_states state
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_print_stacks(t, v)
-      out = @racc_debug_out
-      out.print '        ['
-      t.each_index do |i|
-        out.print ' (', racc_token2str(t[i]), ' ', v[i].inspect, ')'
-      end
-      out.puts ' ]'
-    end
-
-    def racc_print_states(s)
-      out = @racc_debug_out
-      out.print '        ['
-      s.each {|st| out.print ' ', st }
-      out.puts ' ]'
-    end
-
-    def racc_token2str(tok)
-      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[tok] or
-          raise "[Racc Bug] can't convert token #{tok} to string"
-    end
-
-    # Convert internal ID of token symbol to the string.
-    def token_to_str(t)
-      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[t]
-    end
-
-  end
-
-end
-
-__end_of_file__
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/parser.rb b/lib/racc/parser.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 078bfef3e9..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/parser.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,632 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-#--
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-#
-# As a special exception, when this code is copied by Racc
-# into a Racc output file, you may use that output file
-# without restriction.
-#++
-
-require 'racc/info'
-
-unless defined?(NotImplementedError)
-  NotImplementedError = NotImplementError # :nodoc:
-end
-
-module Racc
-  class ParseError < StandardError; end
-end
-unless defined?(::ParseError)
-  ParseError = Racc::ParseError # :nodoc:
-end
-
-# Racc is a LALR(1) parser generator.
-# It is written in Ruby itself, and generates Ruby programs.
-#
-# == Command-line Reference
-#
-#     racc [-o<var>filename</var>] [--output-file=<var>filename</var>]
-#          [-e<var>rubypath</var>] [--executable=<var>rubypath</var>]
-#          [-v] [--verbose]
-#          [-O<var>filename</var>] [--log-file=<var>filename</var>]
-#          [-g] [--debug]
-#          [-E] [--embedded]
-#          [-l] [--no-line-convert]
-#          [-c] [--line-convert-all]
-#          [-a] [--no-omit-actions]
-#          [-C] [--check-only]
-#          [-S] [--output-status]
-#          [--version] [--copyright] [--help] <var>grammarfile</var>
-#
-# [+grammarfile+]
-#   Racc grammar file. Any extension is permitted.
-# [-o+outfile+, --output-file=+outfile+]
-#   A filename for output. default is <+filename+>.tab.rb
-# [-O+filename+, --log-file=+filename+]
-#   Place logging output in file +filename+.
-#   Default log file name is <+filename+>.output.
-# [-e+rubypath+, --executable=+rubypath+]
-#   output executable file(mode 755). where +path+ is the Ruby interpreter.
-# [-v, --verbose]
-#   verbose mode. create +filename+.output file, like yacc's y.output file.
-# [-g, --debug]
-#   add debug code to parser class. To display debuggin information,
-#   use this '-g' option and set @yydebug true in parser class.
-# [-E, --embedded]
-#   Output parser which doesn't need runtime files (racc/parser.rb).
-# [-C, --check-only]
-#   Check syntax of racc grammar file and quit.
-# [-S, --output-status]
-#   Print messages time to time while compiling.
-# [-l, --no-line-convert]
-#   turns off line number converting.
-# [-c, --line-convert-all]
-#   Convert line number of actions, inner, header and footer.
-# [-a, --no-omit-actions]
-#   Call all actions, even if an action is empty.
-# [--version]
-#   print Racc version and quit.
-# [--copyright]
-#   Print copyright and quit.
-# [--help]
-#   Print usage and quit.
-#
-# == Generating Parser Using Racc
-#
-# To compile Racc grammar file, simply type:
-#
-#   $ racc parse.y
-#
-# This creates Ruby script file "parse.tab.y". The -o option can change the output filename.
-#
-# == Writing A Racc Grammar File
-#
-# If you want your own parser, you have to write a grammar file.
-# A grammar file contains the name of your parser class, grammar for the parser,
-# user code, and anything else.
-# When writing a grammar file, yacc's knowledge is helpful.
-# If you have not used yacc before, Racc is not too difficult.
-#
-# Here's an example Racc grammar file.
-#
-#   class Calcparser
-#   rule
-#     target: exp { print val[0] }
-#
-#     exp: exp '+' exp
-#        | exp '*' exp
-#        | '(' exp ')'
-#        | NUMBER
-#   end
-#
-# Racc grammar files resemble yacc files.
-# But (of course), this is Ruby code.
-# yacc's $$ is the 'result', $0, $1... is
-# an array called 'val', and $-1, $-2... is an array called '_values'.
-#
-# See the {Grammar File Reference}[rdoc-ref:lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc] for
-# more information on grammar files.
-#
-# == Parser
-#
-# Then you must prepare the parse entry method. There are two types of
-# parse methods in Racc, Racc::Parser#do_parse and Racc::Parser#yyparse
-#
-# Racc::Parser#do_parse is simple.
-#
-# It's yyparse() of yacc, and Racc::Parser#next_token is yylex().
-# This method must returns an array like [TOKENSYMBOL, ITS_VALUE].
-# EOF is [false, false].
-# (TOKENSYMBOL is a Ruby symbol (taken from String#intern) by default.
-# If you want to change this, see the grammar reference.
-#
-# Racc::Parser#yyparse is little complicated, but useful.
-# It does not use Racc::Parser#next_token, instead it gets tokens from any iterator.
-#
-# For example, <code>yyparse(obj, :scan)</code> causes
-# calling +obj#scan+, and you can return tokens by yielding them from +obj#scan+.
-#
-# == Debugging
-#
-# When debugging, "-v" or/and the "-g" option is helpful.
-#
-# "-v" creates verbose log file (.output).
-# "-g" creates a "Verbose Parser".
-# Verbose Parser prints the internal status when parsing.
-# But it's _not_ automatic.
-# You must use -g option and set +@yydebug+ to +true+ in order to get output.
-# -g option only creates the verbose parser.
-#
-# === Racc reported syntax error.
-#
-# Isn't there too many "end"?
-# grammar of racc file is changed in v0.10.
-#
-# Racc does not use '%' mark, while yacc uses huge number of '%' marks..
-#
-# === Racc reported "XXXX conflicts".
-#
-# Try "racc -v xxxx.y".
-# It causes producing racc's internal log file, xxxx.output.
-#
-# === Generated parsers does not work correctly
-#
-# Try "racc -g xxxx.y".
-# This command let racc generate "debugging parser".
-# Then set @yydebug=true in your parser.
-# It produces a working log of your parser.
-#
-# == Re-distributing Racc runtime
-#
-# A parser, which is created by Racc, requires the Racc runtime module;
-# racc/parser.rb.
-#
-# Ruby 1.8.x comes with Racc runtime module,
-# you need NOT distribute Racc runtime files.
-#
-# If you want to include the Racc runtime module with your parser.
-# This can be done by using '-E' option:
-#
-#   $ racc -E -omyparser.rb myparser.y
-#
-# This command creates myparser.rb which `includes' Racc runtime.
-# Only you must do is to distribute your parser file (myparser.rb).
-#
-# Note: parser.rb is ruby license, but your parser is not.
-# Your own parser is completely yours.
-module Racc
-
-  unless defined?(Racc_No_Extensions)
-    Racc_No_Extensions = false # :nodoc:
-  end
-
-  class Parser
-
-    Racc_Runtime_Version = ::Racc::VERSION
-    Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R = ::Racc::VERSION
-
-    begin
-      if Object.const_defined?(:RUBY_ENGINE) and RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
-        require 'jruby'
-        require 'racc/cparse-jruby.jar'
-        com.headius.racc.Cparse.new.load(JRuby.runtime, false)
-      else
-        require 'racc/cparse'
-      end
-
-      unless new.respond_to?(:_racc_do_parse_c, true)
-        raise LoadError, 'old cparse.so'
-      end
-      if Racc_No_Extensions
-        raise LoadError, 'selecting ruby version of racc runtime core'
-      end
-
-      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_c # :nodoc:
-      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_c # :nodoc:
-      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_C # :nodoc:
-      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'c' # :nodoc:
-    rescue LoadError
-      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_rb
-      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_rb
-      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R
-      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'ruby'
-    end
-
-    def Parser.racc_runtime_type # :nodoc:
-      Racc_Runtime_Type
-    end
-
-    def _racc_setup
-      @yydebug = false unless self.class::Racc_debug_parser
-      @yydebug = false unless defined?(@yydebug)
-      if @yydebug
-        @racc_debug_out = $stderr unless defined?(@racc_debug_out)
-        @racc_debug_out ||= $stderr
-      end
-      arg = self.class::Racc_arg
-      arg[13] = true if arg.size < 14
-      arg
-    end
-
-    def _racc_init_sysvars
-      @racc_state  = [0]
-      @racc_tstack = []
-      @racc_vstack = []
-
-      @racc_t = nil
-      @racc_val = nil
-
-      @racc_read_next = true
-
-      @racc_user_yyerror = false
-      @racc_error_status = 0
-    end
-
-    # The entry point of the parser. This method is used with #next_token.
-    # If Racc wants to get token (and its value), calls next_token.
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #     def parse
-    #       @q = [[1,1],
-    #             [2,2],
-    #             [3,3],
-    #             [false, '$']]
-    #       do_parse
-    #     end
-    #
-    #     def next_token
-    #       @q.shift
-    #     end
-    class_eval %{
-    def do_parse
-      #{Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine}(_racc_setup(), false)
-    end
-    }
-
-    # The method to fetch next token.
-    # If you use #do_parse method, you must implement #next_token.
-    #
-    # The format of return value is [TOKEN_SYMBOL, VALUE].
-    # +token-symbol+ is represented by Ruby's symbol by default, e.g. :IDENT
-    # for 'IDENT'.  ";" (String) for ';'.
-    #
-    # The final symbol (End of file) must be false.
-    def next_token
-      raise NotImplementedError, "#{self.class}\#next_token is not defined"
-    end
-
-    def _racc_do_parse_rb(arg, in_debug)
-      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
-      _,            _,            _,              _,
-      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
-
-      _racc_init_sysvars
-      tok = act = i = nil
-
-      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
-        while true
-          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
-            if @racc_read_next
-              if @racc_t != 0   # not EOF
-                tok, @racc_val = next_token()
-                unless tok      # EOF
-                  @racc_t = 0
-                else
-                  @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
-                end
-                racc_read_token(@racc_t, tok, @racc_val) if @yydebug
-                @racc_read_next = false
-              end
-            end
-            i += @racc_t
-            unless i >= 0 and
-                   act = action_table[i] and
-                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-            end
-          else
-            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-          end
-          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-            ;
-          end
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    # Another entry point for the parser.
-    # If you use this method, you must implement RECEIVER#METHOD_ID method.
-    #
-    # RECEIVER#METHOD_ID is a method to get next token.
-    # It must 'yield' the token, which format is [TOKEN-SYMBOL, VALUE].
-    class_eval %{
-    def yyparse(recv, mid)
-      #{Racc_YY_Parse_Method}(recv, mid, _racc_setup(), false)
-    end
-    }
-
-    def _racc_yyparse_rb(recv, mid, arg, c_debug)
-      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
-      _,            _,            _,              _,
-      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
-
-      _racc_init_sysvars
-
-      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
-        until i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
-          while act = _racc_evalact(action_default[@racc_state[-1]], arg)
-            ;
-          end
-        end
-        recv.__send__(mid) do |tok, val|
-          unless tok
-            @racc_t = 0
-          else
-            @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
-          end
-          @racc_val = val
-          @racc_read_next = false
-
-          i += @racc_t
-          unless i >= 0 and
-                 act = action_table[i] and
-                 action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-          end
-          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-            ;
-          end
-
-          while !(i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]) ||
-                ! @racc_read_next ||
-                @racc_t == 0  # $
-            unless i and i += @racc_t and
-                   i >= 0 and
-                   act = action_table[i] and
-                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
-            end
-            while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-              ;
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    ###
-    ### common
-    ###
-
-    def _racc_evalact(act, arg)
-      action_table, action_check, _, action_pointer,
-      _,            _,            _, _,
-      _,            _,            _, shift_n,
-      reduce_n,     * = arg
-      nerr = 0   # tmp
-
-      if act > 0 and act < shift_n
-        #
-        # shift
-        #
-        if @racc_error_status > 0
-          @racc_error_status -= 1 unless @racc_t <= 1 # error token or EOF
-        end
-        @racc_vstack.push @racc_val
-        @racc_state.push act
-        @racc_read_next = true
-        if @yydebug
-          @racc_tstack.push @racc_t
-          racc_shift @racc_t, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
-        end
-
-      elsif act < 0 and act > -reduce_n
-        #
-        # reduce
-        #
-        code = catch(:racc_jump) {
-          @racc_state.push _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
-          false
-        }
-        if code
-          case code
-          when 1 # yyerror
-            @racc_user_yyerror = true   # user_yyerror
-            return -reduce_n
-          when 2 # yyaccept
-            return shift_n
-          else
-            raise '[Racc Bug] unknown jump code'
-          end
-        end
-
-      elsif act == shift_n
-        #
-        # accept
-        #
-        racc_accept if @yydebug
-        throw :racc_end_parse, @racc_vstack[0]
-
-      elsif act == -reduce_n
-        #
-        # error
-        #
-        case @racc_error_status
-        when 0
-          unless arg[21]    # user_yyerror
-            nerr += 1
-            on_error @racc_t, @racc_val, @racc_vstack
-          end
-        when 3
-          if @racc_t == 0   # is $
-            # We're at EOF, and another error occurred immediately after
-            # attempting auto-recovery
-            throw :racc_end_parse, nil
-          end
-          @racc_read_next = true
-        end
-        @racc_user_yyerror = false
-        @racc_error_status = 3
-        while true
-          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
-            i += 1   # error token
-            if  i >= 0 and
-                (act = action_table[i]) and
-                action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
-              break
-            end
-          end
-          throw :racc_end_parse, nil if @racc_state.size <= 1
-          @racc_state.pop
-          @racc_vstack.pop
-          if @yydebug
-            @racc_tstack.pop
-            racc_e_pop @racc_state, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
-          end
-        end
-        return act
-
-      else
-        raise "[Racc Bug] unknown action #{act.inspect}"
-      end
-
-      racc_next_state(@racc_state[-1], @racc_state) if @yydebug
-
-      nil
-    end
-
-    def _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
-      _,          _,            _,            _,
-      goto_table, goto_check,   goto_default, goto_pointer,
-      nt_base,    reduce_table, _,            _,
-      _,          use_result,   * = arg
-
-      state = @racc_state
-      vstack = @racc_vstack
-      tstack = @racc_tstack
-
-      i = act * -3
-      len       = reduce_table[i]
-      reduce_to = reduce_table[i+1]
-      method_id = reduce_table[i+2]
-      void_array = []
-
-      tmp_t = tstack[-len, len] if @yydebug
-      tmp_v = vstack[-len, len]
-      tstack[-len, len] = void_array if @yydebug
-      vstack[-len, len] = void_array
-      state[-len, len]  = void_array
-
-      # tstack must be updated AFTER method call
-      if use_result
-        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack, tmp_v[0])
-      else
-        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack)
-      end
-      tstack.push reduce_to
-
-      racc_reduce(tmp_t, reduce_to, tstack, vstack) if @yydebug
-
-      k1 = reduce_to - nt_base
-      if i = goto_pointer[k1]
-        i += state[-1]
-        if i >= 0 and (curstate = goto_table[i]) and goto_check[i] == k1
-          return curstate
-        end
-      end
-      goto_default[k1]
-    end
-
-    # This method is called when a parse error is found.
-    #
-    # ERROR_TOKEN_ID is an internal ID of token which caused error.
-    # You can get string representation of this ID by calling
-    # #token_to_str.
-    #
-    # ERROR_VALUE is a value of error token.
-    #
-    # value_stack is a stack of symbol values.
-    # DO NOT MODIFY this object.
-    #
-    # This method raises ParseError by default.
-    #
-    # If this method returns, parsers enter "error recovering mode".
-    def on_error(t, val, vstack)
-      raise ParseError, sprintf("\nparse error on value %s (%s)",
-                                val.inspect, token_to_str(t) || '?')
-    end
-
-    # Enter error recovering mode.
-    # This method does not call #on_error.
-    def yyerror
-      throw :racc_jump, 1
-    end
-
-    # Exit parser.
-    # Return value is +Symbol_Value_Stack[0]+.
-    def yyaccept
-      throw :racc_jump, 2
-    end
-
-    # Leave error recovering mode.
-    def yyerrok
-      @racc_error_status = 0
-    end
-
-    # For debugging output
-    def racc_read_token(t, tok, val)
-      @racc_debug_out.print 'read    '
-      @racc_debug_out.print tok.inspect, '(', racc_token2str(t), ') '
-      @racc_debug_out.puts val.inspect
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_shift(tok, tstack, vstack)
-      @racc_debug_out.puts "shift   #{racc_token2str tok}"
-      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_reduce(toks, sim, tstack, vstack)
-      out = @racc_debug_out
-      out.print 'reduce '
-      if toks.empty?
-        out.print ' <none>'
-      else
-        toks.each {|t| out.print ' ', racc_token2str(t) }
-      end
-      out.puts " --> #{racc_token2str(sim)}"
-      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_accept
-      @racc_debug_out.puts 'accept'
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_e_pop(state, tstack, vstack)
-      @racc_debug_out.puts 'error recovering mode: pop token'
-      racc_print_states state
-      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_next_state(curstate, state)
-      @racc_debug_out.puts  "goto    #{curstate}"
-      racc_print_states state
-      @racc_debug_out.puts
-    end
-
-    def racc_print_stacks(t, v)
-      out = @racc_debug_out
-      out.print '        ['
-      t.each_index do |i|
-        out.print ' (', racc_token2str(t[i]), ' ', v[i].inspect, ')'
-      end
-      out.puts ' ]'
-    end
-
-    def racc_print_states(s)
-      out = @racc_debug_out
-      out.print '        ['
-      s.each {|st| out.print ' ', st }
-      out.puts ' ]'
-    end
-
-    def racc_token2str(tok)
-      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[tok] or
-          raise "[Racc Bug] can't convert token #{tok} to string"
-    end
-
-    # Convert internal ID of token symbol to the string.
-    def token_to_str(t)
-      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[t]
-    end
-
-  end
-
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/parserfilegenerator.rb b/lib/racc/parserfilegenerator.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7131026929..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/parserfilegenerator.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-require 'racc/compat'
-require 'racc/sourcetext'
-require 'racc/parser-text'
-require 'rbconfig'
-
-module Racc
-
-  class ParserFileGenerator
-
-    class Params
-      def self.bool_attr(name)
-        module_eval(<<-End)
-          def #{name}?
-            @#{name}
-          end
-
-          def #{name}=(b)
-            @#{name} = b
-          end
-        End
-      end
-
-      attr_accessor :filename
-      attr_accessor :classname
-      attr_accessor :superclass
-      bool_attr :omit_action_call
-      bool_attr :result_var
-      attr_accessor :header
-      attr_accessor :inner
-      attr_accessor :footer
-
-      bool_attr :debug_parser
-      bool_attr :convert_line
-      bool_attr :convert_line_all
-      bool_attr :embed_runtime
-      bool_attr :make_executable
-      attr_accessor :interpreter
-
-      def initialize
-        # Parameters derived from parser
-        self.filename = nil
-        self.classname = nil
-        self.superclass = 'Racc::Parser'
-        self.omit_action_call = true
-        self.result_var = true
-        self.header = []
-        self.inner  = []
-        self.footer = []
-
-        # Parameters derived from command line options
-        self.debug_parser = false
-        self.convert_line = true
-        self.convert_line_all = false
-        self.embed_runtime = false
-        self.make_executable = false
-        self.interpreter = nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(states, params)
-      @states = states
-      @grammar = states.grammar
-      @params = params
-    end
-
-    def generate_parser
-      string_io = StringIO.new
-
-      init_line_conversion_system
-      @f = string_io
-      parser_file
-
-      string_io.rewind
-      string_io.read
-    end
-
-    def generate_parser_file(destpath)
-      init_line_conversion_system
-      File.open(destpath, 'w') {|f|
-        @f = f
-        parser_file
-      }
-      File.chmod 0755, destpath if @params.make_executable?
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def parser_file
-      shebang @params.interpreter if @params.make_executable?
-      notice
-      line
-      if @params.embed_runtime?
-        embed_library runtime_source()
-      else
-        require 'racc/parser.rb'
-      end
-      header
-      parser_class(@params.classname, @params.superclass) {
-        inner
-        state_transition_table
-      }
-      footer
-    end
-
-    c = ::RbConfig::CONFIG
-    RUBY_PATH = "#{c['bindir']}/#{c['ruby_install_name']}#{c['EXEEXT']}"
-
-    def shebang(path)
-      line '#!' + (path == 'ruby' ? RUBY_PATH : path)
-    end
-
-    def notice
-      line %q[#]
-      line %q[# DO NOT MODIFY!!!!]
-      line %Q[# This file is automatically generated by Racc #{Racc::Version}]
-      line %Q[# from Racc grammar file "#{@params.filename}".]
-      line %q[#]
-    end
-
-    def runtime_source
-      SourceText.new(::Racc::PARSER_TEXT, 'racc/parser.rb', 1)
-    end
-
-    def embed_library(src)
-      line %[###### #{src.filename} begin]
-      line %[unless $".index '#{src.filename}']
-      line %[$".push '#{src.filename}']
-      put src, @params.convert_line?
-      line %[end]
-      line %[###### #{src.filename} end]
-    end
-
-    def require(feature)
-      line "require '#{feature}'"
-    end
-
-    def parser_class(classname, superclass)
-      mods = classname.split('::')
-      classid = mods.pop
-      mods.each do |mod|
-        indent; line "module #{mod}"
-        cref_push mod
-      end
-      indent; line "class #{classid} < #{superclass}"
-      cref_push classid
-      yield
-      cref_pop
-      indent; line "end   \# class #{classid}"
-      mods.reverse_each do |mod|
-        cref_pop
-        indent; line "end   \# module #{mod}"
-      end
-    end
-
-    def header
-      @params.header.each do |src|
-        line
-        put src, @params.convert_line_all?
-      end
-    end
-
-    def inner
-      @params.inner.each do |src|
-        line
-        put src, @params.convert_line?
-      end
-    end
-
-    def footer
-      @params.footer.each do |src|
-        line
-        put src, @params.convert_line_all?
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Low Level Routines
-
-    def put(src, convert_line = false)
-      if convert_line
-        replace_location(src) {
-          @f.puts src.text
-        }
-      else
-        @f.puts src.text
-      end
-    end
-
-    def line(str = '')
-      @f.puts str
-    end
-
-    def init_line_conversion_system
-      @cref = []
-      @used_separator = {}
-    end
-
-    def cref_push(name)
-      @cref.push name
-    end
-
-    def cref_pop
-      @cref.pop
-    end
-
-    def indent
-      @f.print '  ' * @cref.size
-    end
-
-    def toplevel?
-      @cref.empty?
-    end
-
-    def replace_location(src)
-      sep = make_separator(src)
-      @f.print 'self.class.' if toplevel?
-      @f.puts "module_eval(<<'#{sep}', '#{src.filename}', #{src.lineno})"
-      yield
-      @f.puts sep
-    end
-
-    def make_separator(src)
-      sep = unique_separator(src.filename)
-      sep *= 2 while src.text.index(sep)
-      sep
-    end
-
-    def unique_separator(id)
-      sep = String.new "...end #{id}/module_eval..."
-      while @used_separator.key?(sep)
-        sep.concat sprintf('%02x', rand(255))
-      end
-      @used_separator[sep] = true
-      sep
-    end
-
-    #
-    # State Transition Table Serialization
-    #
-
-    public
-
-    def put_state_transition_table(f)
-      @f = f
-      state_transition_table
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def state_transition_table
-      table = @states.state_transition_table
-      table.use_result_var = @params.result_var?
-      table.debug_parser = @params.debug_parser?
-
-      line "##### State transition tables begin ###"
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_action_table', table.action_table
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_action_check', table.action_check
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_action_pointer', table.action_pointer
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_action_default', table.action_default
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_goto_table', table.goto_table
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_goto_check', table.goto_check
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_goto_pointer', table.goto_pointer
-      line
-      integer_list 'racc_goto_default', table.goto_default
-      line
-      i_i_sym_list 'racc_reduce_table', table.reduce_table
-      line
-      line "racc_reduce_n = #{table.reduce_n}"
-      line
-      line "racc_shift_n = #{table.shift_n}"
-      line
-      sym_int_hash 'racc_token_table', table.token_table
-      line
-      line "racc_nt_base = #{table.nt_base}"
-      line
-      line "racc_use_result_var = #{table.use_result_var}"
-      line
-      @f.print(unindent_auto(<<-End))
-        Racc_arg = [
-          racc_action_table,
-          racc_action_check,
-          racc_action_default,
-          racc_action_pointer,
-          racc_goto_table,
-          racc_goto_check,
-          racc_goto_default,
-          racc_goto_pointer,
-          racc_nt_base,
-          racc_reduce_table,
-          racc_token_table,
-          racc_shift_n,
-          racc_reduce_n,
-          racc_use_result_var ]
-      End
-      line
-      string_list 'Racc_token_to_s_table', table.token_to_s_table
-      line
-      line "Racc_debug_parser = #{table.debug_parser}"
-      line
-      line '##### State transition tables end #####'
-      actions
-    end
-
-    def integer_list(name, table)
-      sep = ''
-      line "#{name} = ["
-      table.each_slice(10) do |ns|
-        @f.print sep; sep = ",\n"
-        @f.print ns.map {|n| sprintf('%6s', n ? n.to_s : 'nil') }.join(',')
-      end
-      line ' ]'
-    end
-
-    def i_i_sym_list(name, table)
-      sep = ''
-      line "#{name} = ["
-      table.each_slice(3) do |len, target, mid|
-        @f.print sep; sep = ",\n"
-        @f.printf '  %d, %d, %s', len, target, mid.inspect
-      end
-      line " ]"
-    end
-
-    def sym_int_hash(name, h)
-      sep = "\n"
-      @f.print "#{name} = {"
-      h.to_a.sort_by {|sym, i| i }.each do |sym, i|
-        @f.print sep; sep = ",\n"
-        @f.printf "  %s => %d", sym.serialize, i
-      end
-      line " }"
-    end
-
-    def string_list(name, list)
-      sep = "  "
-      line "#{name} = ["
-      list.each do |s|
-        @f.print sep; sep = ",\n  "
-        @f.print s.dump
-      end
-      line ' ]'
-    end
-
-    def actions
-      @grammar.each do |rule|
-        unless rule.action.source?
-          raise "racc: fatal: cannot generate parser file when any action is a Proc"
-        end
-      end
-
-      if @params.result_var?
-        decl = ', result'
-        retval = "\n    result"
-        default_body = ''
-      else
-        decl = ''
-        retval = ''
-        default_body = 'val[0]'
-      end
-      @grammar.each do |rule|
-        line
-        if rule.action.empty? and @params.omit_action_call?
-          line "# reduce #{rule.ident} omitted"
-        else
-          src0 = rule.action.source || SourceText.new(default_body, __FILE__, 0)
-          if @params.convert_line?
-            src = remove_blank_lines(src0)
-            delim = make_delimiter(src.text)
-            @f.printf unindent_auto(<<-End),
-              module_eval(<<'%s', '%s', %d)
-                def _reduce_%d(val, _values%s)
-                  %s%s
-                end
-              %s
-            End
-                      delim, src.filename, src.lineno - 1,
-                        rule.ident, decl,
-                        src.text, retval,
-                      delim
-          else
-            src = remove_blank_lines(src0)
-            @f.printf unindent_auto(<<-End),
-              def _reduce_%d(val, _values%s)
-              %s%s
-              end
-            End
-                      rule.ident, decl,
-                      src.text, retval
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      line
-      @f.printf unindent_auto(<<-'End'), decl
-        def _reduce_none(val, _values%s)
-          val[0]
-        end
-      End
-      line
-    end
-
-    def remove_blank_lines(src)
-      body = src.text.dup
-      line = src.lineno
-      while body.slice!(/\A[ \t\f]*(?:\n|\r\n|\r)/)
-        line += 1
-      end
-      SourceText.new(body, src.filename, line)
-    end
-
-    def make_delimiter(body)
-      delim = '.,.,'
-      while body.index(delim)
-        delim *= 2
-      end
-      delim
-    end
-
-    def unindent_auto(str)
-      lines = str.lines.to_a
-      n = minimum_indent(lines)
-      lines.map {|line| detab(line).sub(indent_re(n), '').rstrip + "\n" }.join('')
-    end
-
-    def minimum_indent(lines)
-      lines.map {|line| n_indent(line) }.min
-    end
-
-    def n_indent(line)
-      line.slice(/\A\s+/).size
-    end
-
-    RE_CACHE = {}
-
-    def indent_re(n)
-      RE_CACHE[n] ||= /\A {#{n}}/
-    end
-
-    def detab(str, ts = 8)
-      add = 0
-      len = nil
-      str.gsub(/\t/) {
-        len = ts - ($`.size + add) % ts
-        add += len - 1
-        ' ' * len
-      }
-    end
-
-  end
-
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/racc.gemspec b/lib/racc/racc.gemspec
deleted file mode 100644
index 7ee706f63d..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/racc.gemspec
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
-
-begin
-  require_relative "lib/racc/info"
-rescue LoadError # Fallback to load version file in ruby core repository
-  require_relative "info"
-end
-
-Gem::Specification.new do |s|
-  s.name = "racc"
-  s.version = Racc::VERSION
-  s.summary = "Racc is a LALR(1) parser generator"
-  s.description = <<DESC
-Racc is a LALR(1) parser generator.
-  It is written in Ruby itself, and generates Ruby program.
-
-  NOTE: Ruby 1.8.x comes with Racc runtime module.  You
-  can run your parsers generated by racc 1.4.x out of the
-  box.
-DESC
-  s.authors = ["Minero Aoki", "Aaron Patterson"]
-  s.email = [nil, "aaron@tenderlovemaking.com"]
-  s.homepage = "https://i.loveruby.net/en/projects/racc/"
-  s.licenses = ["Ruby", "BSD-2-Clause"]
-  s.executables = ["racc"]
-  s.files = [
-    "COPYING", "ChangeLog", "TODO",
-    "README.ja.rdoc", "README.rdoc", "bin/racc",
-    "ext/racc/MANIFEST",
-    "ext/racc/cparse/cparse.c",
-    "ext/racc/cparse/extconf.rb",
-    "lib/racc.rb", "lib/racc/compat.rb",
-    "lib/racc/debugflags.rb", "lib/racc/exception.rb",
-    "lib/racc/grammar.rb", "lib/racc/grammarfileparser.rb",
-    "lib/racc/info.rb", "lib/racc/iset.rb",
-    "lib/racc/logfilegenerator.rb", "lib/racc/parser-text.rb",
-    "lib/racc/parser.rb", "lib/racc/parserfilegenerator.rb",
-    "lib/racc/sourcetext.rb",
-    "lib/racc/state.rb", "lib/racc/statetransitiontable.rb",
-    "lib/racc/static.rb",
-    "doc/en/NEWS.en.rdoc", "doc/en/grammar2.en.rdoc",
-    "doc/en/grammar.en.rdoc", "doc/ja/NEWS.ja.rdoc",
-    "doc/ja/command.ja.html", "doc/ja/debug.ja.rdoc",
-    "doc/ja/grammar.ja.rdoc", "doc/ja/index.ja.html",
-    "doc/ja/parser.ja.rdoc", "doc/ja/usage.ja.html",
-  ]
-  s.require_paths = ["lib"]
-  s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5"
-  s.rdoc_options = ["--main", "README.rdoc"]
-  s.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.ja.rdoc", "README.rdoc"]
-
-  if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/
-    s.files << 'lib/racc/cparse-jruby.jar'
-    s.platform = 'java'
-  else
-    s.extensions = ["ext/racc/cparse/extconf.rb"]
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/sourcetext.rb b/lib/racc/sourcetext.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index de52dcae9b..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/sourcetext.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-module Racc
-
-  class SourceText
-    def initialize(text, filename, lineno)
-      @text = text
-      @filename = filename
-      @lineno = lineno
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :text
-    attr_reader :filename
-    attr_reader :lineno
-
-    def to_s
-      "#<SourceText #{location()}>"
-    end
-
-    def location
-      "#{@filename}:#{@lineno}"
-    end
-  end
-
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/state.rb b/lib/racc/state.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f85809fbeb..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/state.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,972 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-require 'racc/iset'
-require 'racc/statetransitiontable'
-require 'racc/exception'
-require 'forwardable'
-
-module Racc
-
-  # A table of LALR states.
-  class States
-
-    include Enumerable
-
-    def initialize(grammar, debug_flags = DebugFlags.new)
-      @grammar = grammar
-      @symboltable = grammar.symboltable
-      @d_state = debug_flags.state
-      @d_la    = debug_flags.la
-      @d_prec  = debug_flags.prec
-      @states = []
-      @statecache = {}
-      @actions = ActionTable.new(@grammar, self)
-      @nfa_computed = false
-      @dfa_computed = false
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :grammar
-    attr_reader :actions
-
-    def size
-      @states.size
-    end
-
-    def inspect
-      '#<state table>'
-    end
-
-    alias to_s inspect
-
-    def [](i)
-      @states[i]
-    end
-
-    def each_state(&block)
-      @states.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    alias each each_state
-
-    def each_index(&block)
-      @states.each_index(&block)
-    end
-
-    extend Forwardable
-
-    def_delegator "@actions", :shift_n
-    def_delegator "@actions", :reduce_n
-    def_delegator "@actions", :nt_base
-
-    def should_report_srconflict?
-      srconflict_exist? and
-          (n_srconflicts() != @grammar.n_expected_srconflicts)
-    end
-
-    def srconflict_exist?
-      n_srconflicts() != 0
-    end
-
-    def n_srconflicts
-      @n_srconflicts ||= inject(0) {|sum, st| sum + st.n_srconflicts }
-    end
-
-    def rrconflict_exist?
-      n_rrconflicts() != 0
-    end
-
-    def n_rrconflicts
-      @n_rrconflicts ||= inject(0) {|sum, st| sum + st.n_rrconflicts }
-    end
-
-    def state_transition_table
-      @state_transition_table ||= StateTransitionTable.generate(self.dfa)
-    end
-
-    #
-    # NFA (Non-deterministic Finite Automaton) Computation
-    #
-
-    public
-
-    def nfa
-      return self if @nfa_computed
-      compute_nfa
-      @nfa_computed = true
-      self
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def compute_nfa
-      @grammar.init
-      # add state 0
-      core_to_state  [ @grammar[0].ptrs[0] ]
-      # generate LALR states
-      cur = 0
-      @gotos = []
-      while cur < @states.size
-        generate_states @states[cur]   # state is added here
-        cur += 1
-      end
-      @actions.init
-    end
-
-    def generate_states(state)
-      puts "dstate: #{state}" if @d_state
-
-      table = {}
-      state.closure.each do |ptr|
-        if sym = ptr.dereference
-          addsym table, sym, ptr.next
-        end
-      end
-      table.each do |sym, core|
-        puts "dstate: sym=#{sym} ncore=#{core}" if @d_state
-
-        dest = core_to_state(core.to_a)
-        state.goto_table[sym] = dest
-        id = sym.nonterminal?() ? @gotos.size : nil
-        g = Goto.new(id, sym, state, dest)
-        @gotos.push g if sym.nonterminal?
-        state.gotos[sym] = g
-        puts "dstate: #{state.ident} --#{sym}--> #{dest.ident}" if @d_state
-
-        # check infinite recursion
-        if state.ident == dest.ident and state.closure.size == 1
-          raise CompileError,
-              sprintf("Infinite recursion: state %d, with rule %d",
-                      state.ident, state.ptrs[0].rule.ident)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def addsym(table, sym, ptr)
-      unless s = table[sym]
-        table[sym] = s = ISet.new
-      end
-      s.add ptr
-    end
-
-    def core_to_state(core)
-      #
-      # convert CORE to a State object.
-      # If matching state does not exist, create it and add to the table.
-      #
-
-      k = fingerprint(core)
-      unless dest = @statecache[k]
-        # not registered yet
-        dest = State.new(@states.size, core)
-        @states.push dest
-
-        @statecache[k] = dest
-
-        puts "core_to_state: create state   ID #{dest.ident}" if @d_state
-      else
-        if @d_state
-          puts "core_to_state: dest is cached ID #{dest.ident}"
-          puts "core_to_state: dest core #{dest.core.join(' ')}"
-        end
-      end
-
-      dest
-    end
-
-    def fingerprint(arr)
-      arr.map {|i| i.ident }.pack('L*')
-    end
-
-    #
-    # DFA (Deterministic Finite Automaton) Generation
-    #
-
-    public
-
-    def dfa
-      return self if @dfa_computed
-      nfa
-      compute_dfa
-      @dfa_computed = true
-      self
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def compute_dfa
-      la = lookahead()
-      @states.each do |state|
-        state.la = la
-        resolve state
-      end
-      set_accept
-      @states.each do |state|
-        pack state
-      end
-      check_useless
-    end
-
-    def lookahead
-      #
-      # lookahead algorithm ver.3 -- from bison 1.26
-      #
-
-      gotos = @gotos
-      if @d_la
-        puts "\n--- goto ---"
-        gotos.each_with_index {|g, i| print i, ' '; p g }
-      end
-
-      ### initialize_LA()
-      ### set_goto_map()
-      la_rules = []
-      @states.each do |state|
-        state.check_la la_rules
-      end
-
-      ### initialize_F()
-      f     = create_tmap(gotos.size)
-      reads = []
-      edge  = []
-      gotos.each do |goto|
-        goto.to_state.goto_table.each do |t, st|
-          if t.terminal?
-            f[goto.ident] |= (1 << t.ident)
-          elsif t.nullable?
-            edge.push goto.to_state.gotos[t].ident
-          end
-        end
-        if edge.empty?
-          reads.push nil
-        else
-          reads.push edge
-          edge = []
-        end
-      end
-      digraph f, reads
-      if @d_la
-        puts "\n--- F1 (reads) ---"
-        print_tab gotos, reads, f
-      end
-
-      ### build_relations()
-      ### compute_FOLLOWS
-      path = nil
-      edge = []
-      lookback = Array.new(la_rules.size, nil)
-      includes = []
-      gotos.each do |goto|
-        goto.symbol.heads.each do |ptr|
-          path = record_path(goto.from_state, ptr.rule)
-          lastgoto = path.last
-          st = lastgoto ? lastgoto.to_state : goto.from_state
-          if st.conflict?
-            addrel lookback, st.rruleid(ptr.rule), goto
-          end
-          path.reverse_each do |g|
-            break if     g.symbol.terminal?
-            edge.push    g.ident
-            break unless g.symbol.nullable?
-          end
-        end
-        if edge.empty?
-          includes.push nil
-        else
-          includes.push edge
-          edge = []
-        end
-      end
-      includes = transpose(includes)
-      digraph f, includes
-      if @d_la
-        puts "\n--- F2 (includes) ---"
-        print_tab gotos, includes, f
-      end
-
-      ### compute_lookaheads
-      la = create_tmap(la_rules.size)
-      lookback.each_with_index do |arr, i|
-        if arr
-          arr.each do |g|
-            la[i] |= f[g.ident]
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      if @d_la
-        puts "\n--- LA (lookback) ---"
-        print_tab la_rules, lookback, la
-      end
-
-      la
-    end
-
-    def create_tmap(size)
-      Array.new(size, 0)   # use Integer as bitmap
-    end
-
-    def addrel(tbl, i, item)
-      if a = tbl[i]
-        a.push item
-      else
-        tbl[i] = [item]
-      end
-    end
-
-    def record_path(begst, rule)
-      st = begst
-      path = []
-      rule.symbols.each do |t|
-        goto = st.gotos[t]
-        path.push goto
-        st = goto.to_state
-      end
-      path
-    end
-
-    def transpose(rel)
-      new = Array.new(rel.size, nil)
-      rel.each_with_index do |arr, idx|
-        if arr
-          arr.each do |i|
-            addrel new, i, idx
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      new
-    end
-
-    def digraph(map, relation)
-      n = relation.size
-      index    = Array.new(n, nil)
-      vertices = []
-      @infinity = n + 2
-
-      index.each_index do |i|
-        if not index[i] and relation[i]
-          traverse i, index, vertices, map, relation
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def traverse(i, index, vertices, map, relation)
-      vertices.push i
-      index[i] = height = vertices.size
-
-      if rp = relation[i]
-        rp.each do |proci|
-          unless index[proci]
-            traverse proci, index, vertices, map, relation
-          end
-          if index[i] > index[proci]
-            # circulative recursion !!!
-            index[i] = index[proci]
-          end
-          map[i] |= map[proci]
-        end
-      end
-
-      if index[i] == height
-        while true
-          proci = vertices.pop
-          index[proci] = @infinity
-          break if i == proci
-
-          map[proci] |= map[i]
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # for debug
-    def print_atab(idx, tab)
-      tab.each_with_index do |i,ii|
-        printf '%-20s', idx[ii].inspect
-        p i
-      end
-    end
-
-    def print_tab(idx, rel, tab)
-      tab.each_with_index do |bin,i|
-        print i, ' ', idx[i].inspect, ' << '; p rel[i]
-        print '  '
-        each_t(@symboltable, bin) {|t| print ' ', t }
-        puts
-      end
-    end
-
-    # for debug
-    def print_tab_i(idx, rel, tab, i)
-      bin = tab[i]
-      print i, ' ', idx[i].inspect, ' << '; p rel[i]
-      print '  '
-      each_t(@symboltable, bin) {|t| print ' ', t }
-    end
-
-    # for debug
-    def printb(i)
-      each_t(@symboltable, i) do |t|
-        print t, ' '
-      end
-      puts
-    end
-
-    def each_t(tbl, set)
-      0.upto( set.size ) do |i|
-        (0..7).each do |ii|
-          if set[idx = i * 8 + ii] == 1
-            yield tbl[idx]
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # resolve
-    #
-
-    def resolve(state)
-      if state.conflict?
-        resolve_rr state, state.ritems
-        resolve_sr state, state.stokens
-      else
-        if state.rrules.empty?
-          # shift
-          state.stokens.each do |t|
-            state.action[t] = @actions.shift(state.goto_table[t])
-          end
-        else
-          # reduce
-          state.defact = @actions.reduce(state.rrules[0])
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def resolve_rr(state, r)
-      r.each do |item|
-        item.each_la(@symboltable) do |t|
-          act = state.action[t]
-          if act
-            unless act.kind_of?(Reduce)
-              raise "racc: fatal: #{act.class} in action table"
-            end
-            # Cannot resolve R/R conflict (on t).
-            # Reduce with upper rule as default.
-            state.rr_conflict act.rule, item.rule, t
-          else
-            # No conflict.
-            state.action[t] = @actions.reduce(item.rule)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def resolve_sr(state, s)
-      s.each do |stok|
-        goto = state.goto_table[stok]
-        act = state.action[stok]
-
-        unless act
-          # no conflict
-          state.action[stok] = @actions.shift(goto)
-        else
-          unless act.kind_of?(Reduce)
-            puts 'DEBUG -------------------------------'
-            p stok
-            p act
-            state.action.each do |k,v|
-              print k.inspect, ' ', v.inspect, "\n"
-            end
-            raise "racc: fatal: #{act.class} in action table"
-          end
-
-          # conflict on stok
-
-          rtok = act.rule.precedence
-          case do_resolve_sr(stok, rtok)
-          when :Reduce
-            # action is already set
-
-          when :Shift
-            # overwrite
-            act.decref
-            state.action[stok] = @actions.shift(goto)
-
-          when :Error
-            act.decref
-            state.action[stok] = @actions.error
-
-          when :CantResolve
-            # shift as default
-            act.decref
-            state.action[stok] = @actions.shift(goto)
-            state.sr_conflict stok, act.rule
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    ASSOC = {
-      :Left     => :Reduce,
-      :Right    => :Shift,
-      :Nonassoc => :Error
-    }
-
-    def do_resolve_sr(stok, rtok)
-      puts "resolve_sr: s/r conflict: rtok=#{rtok}, stok=#{stok}" if @d_prec
-
-      unless rtok and rtok.precedence
-        puts "resolve_sr: no prec for #{rtok}(R)" if @d_prec
-        return :CantResolve
-      end
-      rprec = rtok.precedence
-
-      unless stok and stok.precedence
-        puts "resolve_sr: no prec for #{stok}(S)" if @d_prec
-        return :CantResolve
-      end
-      sprec = stok.precedence
-
-      ret = if rprec == sprec
-              ASSOC[rtok.assoc] or
-                  raise "racc: fatal: #{rtok}.assoc is not Left/Right/Nonassoc"
-            else
-              (rprec > sprec) ? (:Reduce) : (:Shift)
-            end
-
-      puts "resolve_sr: resolved as #{ret.id2name}" if @d_prec
-      ret
-    end
-
-    #
-    # complete
-    #
-
-    def set_accept
-      anch = @symboltable.anchor
-      init_state = @states[0].goto_table[@grammar.start]
-      targ_state = init_state.action[anch].goto_state
-      acc_state  = targ_state.action[anch].goto_state
-
-      acc_state.action.clear
-      acc_state.goto_table.clear
-      acc_state.defact = @actions.accept
-    end
-
-    def pack(state)
-      ### find most frequently used reduce rule
-      act = state.action
-      arr = Array.new(@grammar.size, 0)
-      act.each do |t, a|
-        arr[a.ruleid] += 1  if a.kind_of?(Reduce)
-      end
-      i = arr.max
-      s = (i > 0) ? arr.index(i) : nil
-
-      ### set & delete default action
-      if s
-        r = @actions.reduce(s)
-        if not state.defact or state.defact == r
-          act.delete_if {|t, a| a == r }
-          state.defact = r
-        end
-      else
-        state.defact ||= @actions.error
-      end
-    end
-
-    def check_useless
-      used = []
-      @actions.each_reduce do |act|
-        if not act or act.refn == 0
-          act.rule.useless = true
-        else
-          t = act.rule.target
-          used[t.ident] = t
-        end
-      end
-      @symboltable.nt_base.upto(@symboltable.nt_max - 1) do |n|
-        unless used[n]
-          @symboltable[n].useless = true
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-  end   # class StateTable
-
-
-  # A LALR state.
-  class State
-
-    def initialize(ident, core)
-      @ident = ident
-      @core = core
-      @goto_table = {}
-      @gotos = {}
-      @stokens = nil
-      @ritems = nil
-      @action = {}
-      @defact = nil
-      @rrconf = nil
-      @srconf = nil
-
-      @closure = make_closure(@core)
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :ident
-    alias stateid ident
-    alias hash ident
-
-    attr_reader :core
-    attr_reader :closure
-
-    attr_reader :goto_table
-    attr_reader :gotos
-
-    attr_reader :stokens
-    attr_reader :ritems
-    attr_reader :rrules
-
-    attr_reader :action
-    attr_accessor :defact   # default action
-
-    attr_reader :rrconf
-    attr_reader :srconf
-
-    def inspect
-      "<state #{@ident}>"
-    end
-
-    alias to_s inspect
-
-    def ==(oth)
-      @ident == oth.ident
-    end
-
-    alias eql? ==
-
-    def make_closure(core)
-      set = ISet.new
-      core.each do |ptr|
-        set.add ptr
-        if t = ptr.dereference and t.nonterminal?
-          set.update_a t.expand
-        end
-      end
-      set.to_a
-    end
-
-    def check_la(la_rules)
-      @conflict = false
-      s = []
-      r = []
-      @closure.each do |ptr|
-        if t = ptr.dereference
-          if t.terminal?
-            s[t.ident] = t
-            if t.ident == 1    # $error
-              @conflict = true
-            end
-          end
-        else
-          r.push ptr.rule
-        end
-      end
-      unless r.empty?
-        if not s.empty? or r.size > 1
-          @conflict = true
-        end
-      end
-      s.compact!
-      @stokens  = s
-      @rrules = r
-
-      if @conflict
-        @la_rules_i = la_rules.size
-        @la_rules = r.map {|i| i.ident }
-        la_rules.concat r
-      else
-        @la_rules_i = @la_rules = nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    def conflict?
-      @conflict
-    end
-
-    def rruleid(rule)
-      if i = @la_rules.index(rule.ident)
-        @la_rules_i + i
-      else
-        puts '/// rruleid'
-        p self
-        p rule
-        p @rrules
-        p @la_rules_i
-        raise 'racc: fatal: cannot get reduce rule id'
-      end
-    end
-
-    def la=(la)
-      return unless @conflict
-      i = @la_rules_i
-      @ritems = r = []
-      @rrules.each do |rule|
-        r.push Item.new(rule, la[i])
-        i += 1
-      end
-    end
-
-    def rr_conflict(high, low, ctok)
-      c = RRconflict.new(@ident, high, low, ctok)
-
-      @rrconf ||= {}
-      if a = @rrconf[ctok]
-        a.push c
-      else
-        @rrconf[ctok] = [c]
-      end
-    end
-
-    def sr_conflict(shift, reduce)
-      c = SRconflict.new(@ident, shift, reduce)
-
-      @srconf ||= {}
-      if a = @srconf[shift]
-        a.push c
-      else
-        @srconf[shift] = [c]
-      end
-    end
-
-    def n_srconflicts
-      @srconf ? @srconf.size : 0
-    end
-
-    def n_rrconflicts
-      @rrconf ? @rrconf.size : 0
-    end
-
-  end   # class State
-
-
-  #
-  # Represents a transition on the grammar.
-  # "Real goto" means a transition by nonterminal,
-  # but this class treats also terminal's.
-  # If one is a terminal transition, .ident returns nil.
-  #
-  class Goto
-    def initialize(ident, sym, from, to)
-      @ident      = ident
-      @symbol     = sym
-      @from_state = from
-      @to_state   = to
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :ident
-    attr_reader :symbol
-    attr_reader :from_state
-    attr_reader :to_state
-
-    def inspect
-      "(#{@from_state.ident}-#{@symbol}->#{@to_state.ident})"
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  # LALR item.  A set of rule and its lookahead tokens.
-  class Item
-    def initialize(rule, la)
-      @rule = rule
-      @la  = la
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :rule
-    attr_reader :la
-
-    def each_la(tbl)
-      la = @la
-      0.upto(la.size - 1) do |i|
-        (0..7).each do |ii|
-          if la[idx = i * 8 + ii] == 1
-            yield tbl[idx]
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  # The table of LALR actions. Actions are either of
-  # Shift, Reduce, Accept and Error.
-  class ActionTable
-
-    def initialize(rt, st)
-      @grammar = rt
-      @statetable = st
-
-      @reduce = []
-      @shift = []
-      @accept = nil
-      @error = nil
-    end
-
-    def init
-      @grammar.each do |rule|
-        @reduce.push Reduce.new(rule)
-      end
-      @statetable.each do |state|
-        @shift.push Shift.new(state)
-      end
-      @accept = Accept.new
-      @error = Error.new
-    end
-
-    def reduce_n
-      @reduce.size
-    end
-
-    def reduce(i)
-      case i
-      when Rule    then i = i.ident
-      when Integer then ;
-      else
-        raise "racc: fatal: wrong class #{i.class} for reduce"
-      end
-
-      r = @reduce[i] or raise "racc: fatal: reduce action #{i.inspect} not exist"
-      r.incref
-      r
-    end
-
-    def each_reduce(&block)
-      @reduce.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def shift_n
-      @shift.size
-    end
-
-    def shift(i)
-      case i
-      when State   then i = i.ident
-      when Integer then ;
-      else
-        raise "racc: fatal: wrong class #{i.class} for shift"
-      end
-
-      @shift[i] or raise "racc: fatal: shift action #{i} does not exist"
-    end
-
-    def each_shift(&block)
-      @shift.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :accept
-    attr_reader :error
-
-  end
-
-
-  class Shift
-    def initialize(goto)
-      @goto_state = goto
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :goto_state
-
-    def goto_id
-      @goto_state.ident
-    end
-
-    def inspect
-      "<shift #{@goto_state.ident}>"
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  class Reduce
-    def initialize(rule)
-      @rule = rule
-      @refn = 0
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :rule
-    attr_reader :refn
-
-    def ruleid
-      @rule.ident
-    end
-
-    def inspect
-      "<reduce #{@rule.ident}>"
-    end
-
-    def incref
-      @refn += 1
-    end
-
-    def decref
-      @refn -= 1
-      raise 'racc: fatal: act.refn < 0' if @refn < 0
-    end
-  end
-
-  class Accept
-    def inspect
-      "<accept>"
-    end
-  end
-
-  class Error
-    def inspect
-      "<error>"
-    end
-  end
-
-  class SRconflict
-    def initialize(sid, shift, reduce)
-      @stateid = sid
-      @shift   = shift
-      @reduce  = reduce
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :stateid
-    attr_reader :shift
-    attr_reader :reduce
-
-    def to_s
-      sprintf('state %d: S/R conflict rule %d reduce and shift %s',
-              @stateid, @reduce.ruleid, @shift.to_s)
-    end
-  end
-
-  class RRconflict
-    def initialize(sid, high, low, tok)
-      @stateid   = sid
-      @high_prec = high
-      @low_prec  = low
-      @token     = tok
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :stateid
-    attr_reader :high_prec
-    attr_reader :low_prec
-    attr_reader :token
-
-    def to_s
-      sprintf('state %d: R/R conflict with rule %d and %d on %s',
-              @stateid, @high_prec.ident, @low_prec.ident, @token.to_s)
-    end
-  end
-
-end
diff --git a/lib/racc/statetransitiontable.rb b/lib/racc/statetransitiontable.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index cae411c98b..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/statetransitiontable.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,311 +0,0 @@
-#--
-#
-#
-#
-# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
-#
-# This program is free software.
-# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
-# see the file "COPYING".
-#
-#++
-
-require 'racc/parser'
-
-module Racc
-
-  StateTransitionTable = Struct.new(:action_table,
-                                    :action_check,
-                                    :action_default,
-                                    :action_pointer,
-                                    :goto_table,
-                                    :goto_check,
-                                    :goto_default,
-                                    :goto_pointer,
-                                    :token_table,
-                                    :reduce_table,
-                                    :reduce_n,
-                                    :shift_n,
-                                    :nt_base,
-                                    :token_to_s_table,
-                                    :use_result_var,
-                                    :debug_parser)
-  class StateTransitionTable   # reopen
-    def StateTransitionTable.generate(states)
-      StateTransitionTableGenerator.new(states).generate
-    end
-
-    def initialize(states)
-      super()
-      @states = states
-      @grammar = states.grammar
-      self.use_result_var = true
-      self.debug_parser = true
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :states
-    attr_reader :grammar
-
-    def parser_class
-      ParserClassGenerator.new(@states).generate
-    end
-
-    def token_value_table
-      h = {}
-      token_table().each do |sym, i|
-        h[sym.value] = i
-      end
-      h
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  class StateTransitionTableGenerator
-
-    def initialize(states)
-      @states = states
-      @grammar = states.grammar
-    end
-
-    def generate
-      t = StateTransitionTable.new(@states)
-      gen_action_tables t, @states
-      gen_goto_tables t, @grammar
-      t.token_table = token_table(@grammar)
-      t.reduce_table = reduce_table(@grammar)
-      t.reduce_n = @states.reduce_n
-      t.shift_n = @states.shift_n
-      t.nt_base = @grammar.nonterminal_base
-      t.token_to_s_table = @grammar.symbols.map {|sym| sym.to_s }
-      t
-    end
-
-    def reduce_table(grammar)
-      t = [0, 0, :racc_error]
-      grammar.each_with_index do |rule, idx|
-        next if idx == 0
-        t.push rule.size
-        t.push rule.target.ident
-        t.push(if rule.action.empty?   # and @params.omit_action_call?
-               then :_reduce_none
-               else "_reduce_#{idx}".intern
-               end)
-      end
-      t
-    end
-
-    def token_table(grammar)
-      h = {}
-      grammar.symboltable.terminals.each do |t|
-        h[t] = t.ident
-      end
-      h
-    end
-
-    def gen_action_tables(t, states)
-      t.action_table = yytable  = []
-      t.action_check = yycheck  = []
-      t.action_default = yydefact = []
-      t.action_pointer = yypact   = []
-      e1 = []
-      e2 = []
-      states.each do |state|
-        yydefact.push act2actid(state.defact)
-        if state.action.empty?
-          yypact.push nil
-          next
-        end
-        vector = []
-        state.action.each do |tok, act|
-          vector[tok.ident] = act2actid(act)
-        end
-        addent e1, vector, state.ident, yypact
-      end
-      set_table e1, e2, yytable, yycheck, yypact
-    end
-
-    def gen_goto_tables(t, grammar)
-      t.goto_table   = yytable2  = []
-      t.goto_check   = yycheck2  = []
-      t.goto_pointer = yypgoto   = []
-      t.goto_default = yydefgoto = []
-      e1 = []
-      e2 = []
-      grammar.each_nonterminal do |tok|
-        tmp = []
-
-        # decide default
-        freq = Array.new(@states.size, 0)
-        @states.each do |state|
-          st = state.goto_table[tok]
-          if st
-            st = st.ident
-            freq[st] += 1
-          end
-          tmp[state.ident] = st
-        end
-        max = freq.max
-        if max > 1
-          default = freq.index(max)
-          tmp.map! {|i| default == i ? nil : i }
-        else
-          default = nil
-        end
-        yydefgoto.push default
-
-        # delete default value
-        tmp.pop until tmp.last or tmp.empty?
-        if tmp.compact.empty?
-          # only default
-          yypgoto.push nil
-          next
-        end
-
-        addent e1, tmp, (tok.ident - grammar.nonterminal_base), yypgoto
-      end
-      set_table e1, e2, yytable2, yycheck2, yypgoto
-    end
-
-    def addent(all, arr, chkval, ptr)
-      max = arr.size
-      min = nil
-      arr.each_with_index do |item, idx|
-        if item
-          min ||= idx
-        end
-      end
-      ptr.push(-7777)    # mark
-      arr = arr[min...max]
-      all.push [arr, chkval, mkmapexp(arr), min, ptr.size - 1]
-    end
-
-    n = 2 ** 16
-    begin
-      Regexp.compile("a{#{n}}")
-      RE_DUP_MAX = n
-    rescue RegexpError
-      n /= 2
-      retry
-    end
-
-    def mkmapexp(arr)
-      i = ii = 0
-      as = arr.size
-      map = String.new
-      maxdup = RE_DUP_MAX
-      curr = nil
-      while i < as
-        ii = i + 1
-        if arr[i]
-          ii += 1 while ii < as and arr[ii]
-          curr = '-'
-        else
-          ii += 1 while ii < as and not arr[ii]
-          curr = '.'
-        end
-
-        offset = ii - i
-        if offset == 1
-          map << curr
-        else
-          while offset > maxdup
-            map << "#{curr}{#{maxdup}}"
-            offset -= maxdup
-          end
-          map << "#{curr}{#{offset}}" if offset > 1
-        end
-        i = ii
-      end
-      Regexp.compile(map, nil, 'n')
-    end
-
-    def set_table(entries, dummy, tbl, chk, ptr)
-      upper = 0
-      map = '-' * 10240
-
-      # sort long to short
-      entries.sort_by!.with_index {|a,i| [-a[0].size, i] }
-
-      entries.each do |arr, chkval, expr, min, ptri|
-        if upper + arr.size > map.size
-          map << '-' * (arr.size + 1024)
-        end
-        idx = map.index(expr)
-        ptr[ptri] = idx - min
-        arr.each_with_index do |item, i|
-          if item
-            i += idx
-            tbl[i] = item
-            chk[i] = chkval
-            map[i] = ?o
-          end
-        end
-        upper = idx + arr.size
-      end
-    end
-
-    def act2actid(act)
-      case act
-      when Shift  then act.goto_id
-      when Reduce then -act.ruleid
-      when Accept then @states.shift_n
-      when Error  then @states.reduce_n * -1
-      else
-        raise "racc: fatal: wrong act type #{act.class} in action table"
-      end
-    end
-
-  end
-
-
-  class ParserClassGenerator
-
-    def initialize(states)
-      @states = states
-      @grammar = states.grammar
-    end
-
-    def generate
-      table = @states.state_transition_table
-      c = Class.new(::Racc::Parser)
-      c.const_set :Racc_arg, [table.action_table,
-                              table.action_check,
-                              table.action_default,
-                              table.action_pointer,
-                              table.goto_table,
-                              table.goto_check,
-                              table.goto_default,
-                              table.goto_pointer,
-                              table.nt_base,
-                              table.reduce_table,
-                              table.token_value_table,
-                              table.shift_n,
-                              table.reduce_n,
-                              false]
-      c.const_set :Racc_token_to_s_table, table.token_to_s_table
-      c.const_set :Racc_debug_parser, true
-      define_actions c
-      c
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def define_actions(c)
-      c.module_eval "def _reduce_none(vals, vstack) vals[0] end"
-      @grammar.each do |rule|
-        if rule.action.empty?
-          c.alias_method("_reduce_#{rule.ident}", :_reduce_none)
-        else
-          c.define_method("_racc_action_#{rule.ident}", &rule.action.proc)
-          c.module_eval(<<-End, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1)
-            def _reduce_#{rule.ident}(vals, vstack)
-              _racc_action_#{rule.ident}(*vals)
-            end
-          End
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-  end
-
-end   # module Racc
diff --git a/lib/racc/static.rb b/lib/racc/static.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index bebbeb5aa6..0000000000
--- a/lib/racc/static.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-require 'racc'
-require 'racc/parser'
-require 'racc/grammarfileparser'
-require 'racc/parserfilegenerator'
-require 'racc/logfilegenerator'
diff --git a/lib/random/formatter.rb b/lib/random/formatter.rb
index 744853a4b7..befa1d03d7 100644
--- a/lib/random/formatter.rb
+++ b/lib/random/formatter.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 # -*- coding: us-ascii -*-
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-# == Random number formatter.
+# == \Random number formatter.
 #
-# Formats generated random numbers in many manners.
+# Formats generated random numbers in many manners. When <tt>'random/formatter'</tt>
+# is required, several methods are added to empty core module <tt>Random::Formatter</tt>,
+# making them available as Random's instance and module methods.
+#
+# Standard library SecureRandom is also extended with the module, and the methods
+# described below are available as a module methods in it.
 #
 # === Examples
 #
@@ -11,34 +16,45 @@
 #
 #   require 'random/formatter'
 #
+#   prng = Random.new
 #   prng.hex(10) #=> "52750b30ffbc7de3b362"
 #   prng.hex(10) #=> "92b15d6c8dc4beb5f559"
 #   prng.hex(13) #=> "39b290146bea6ce975c37cfc23"
+#   # or just
+#   Random.hex #=> "1aed0c631e41be7f77365415541052ee"
 #
 # Generate random base64 strings:
 #
 #   prng.base64(10) #=> "EcmTPZwWRAozdA=="
 #   prng.base64(10) #=> "KO1nIU+p9DKxGg=="
 #   prng.base64(12) #=> "7kJSM/MzBJI+75j8"
+#   Random.base64(4) #=> "bsQ3fQ=="
 #
 # Generate random binary strings:
 #
 #   prng.random_bytes(10) #=> "\016\t{\370g\310pbr\301"
 #   prng.random_bytes(10) #=> "\323U\030TO\234\357\020\a\337"
+#   Random.random_bytes(6) #=> "\xA1\xE6Lr\xC43"
 #
 # Generate alphanumeric strings:
 #
 #   prng.alphanumeric(10) #=> "S8baxMJnPl"
 #   prng.alphanumeric(10) #=> "aOxAg8BAJe"
+#   Random.alphanumeric #=> "TmP9OsJHJLtaZYhP"
 #
 # Generate UUIDs:
 #
 #   prng.uuid #=> "2d931510-d99f-494a-8c67-87feb05e1594"
 #   prng.uuid #=> "bad85eb9-0713-4da7-8d36-07a8e4b00eab"
+#   Random.uuid #=> "f14e0271-de96-45cc-8911-8910292a42cd"
+#
+# All methods are available in the standard library SecureRandom, too:
+#
+#   SecureRandom.hex #=> "05b45376a30c67238eb93b16499e50cf"
 
 module Random::Formatter
 
-  # Random::Formatter#random_bytes generates a random binary string.
+  # Generate a random binary string.
   #
   # The argument _n_ specifies the length of the result string.
   #
@@ -49,14 +65,16 @@ module Random::Formatter
   #
   #   require 'random/formatter'
   #
-  #   prng.random_bytes #=> "\xD8\\\xE0\xF4\r\xB2\xFC*WM\xFF\x83\x18\xF45\xB6"
+  #   Random.random_bytes #=> "\xD8\\\xE0\xF4\r\xB2\xFC*WM\xFF\x83\x18\xF45\xB6"
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
   #   prng.random_bytes #=> "m\xDC\xFC/\a\x00Uf\xB2\xB2P\xBD\xFF6S\x97"
   def random_bytes(n=nil)
     n = n ? n.to_int : 16
     gen_random(n)
   end
 
-  # Random::Formatter#hex generates a random hexadecimal string.
+  # Generate a random hexadecimal string.
   #
   # The argument _n_ specifies the length, in bytes, of the random number to be generated.
   # The length of the resulting hexadecimal string is twice of _n_.
@@ -68,13 +86,15 @@ module Random::Formatter
   #
   #   require 'random/formatter'
   #
-  #   prng.hex #=> "eb693ec8252cd630102fd0d0fb7c3485"
+  #   Random.hex #=> "eb693ec8252cd630102fd0d0fb7c3485"
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
   #   prng.hex #=> "91dc3bfb4de5b11d029d376634589b61"
   def hex(n=nil)
     random_bytes(n).unpack1("H*")
   end
 
-  # Random::Formatter#base64 generates a random base64 string.
+  # Generate a random base64 string.
   #
   # The argument _n_ specifies the length, in bytes, of the random number
   # to be generated. The length of the result string is about 4/3 of _n_.
@@ -86,7 +106,9 @@ module Random::Formatter
   #
   #   require 'random/formatter'
   #
-  #   prng.base64 #=> "/2BuBuLf3+WfSKyQbRcc/A=="
+  #   Random.base64 #=> "/2BuBuLf3+WfSKyQbRcc/A=="
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
   #   prng.base64 #=> "6BbW0pxO0YENxn38HMUbcQ=="
   #
   # See RFC 3548 for the definition of base64.
@@ -94,7 +116,7 @@ module Random::Formatter
     [random_bytes(n)].pack("m0")
   end
 
-  # Random::Formatter#urlsafe_base64 generates a random URL-safe base64 string.
+  # Generate a random URL-safe base64 string.
   #
   # The argument _n_ specifies the length, in bytes, of the random number
   # to be generated. The length of the result string is about 4/3 of _n_.
@@ -112,7 +134,9 @@ module Random::Formatter
   #
   #   require 'random/formatter'
   #
-  #   prng.urlsafe_base64 #=> "b4GOKm4pOYU_-BOXcrUGDg"
+  #   Random.urlsafe_base64 #=> "b4GOKm4pOYU_-BOXcrUGDg"
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
   #   prng.urlsafe_base64 #=> "UZLdOkzop70Ddx-IJR0ABg"
   #
   #   prng.urlsafe_base64(nil, true) #=> "i0XQ-7gglIsHGV2_BNPrdQ=="
@@ -126,12 +150,14 @@ module Random::Formatter
     s
   end
 
-  # Random::Formatter#uuid generates a random v4 UUID (Universally Unique IDentifier).
+  # Generate a random v4 UUID (Universally Unique IDentifier).
   #
   #   require 'random/formatter'
   #
-  #   prng.uuid #=> "2d931510-d99f-494a-8c67-87feb05e1594"
-  #   prng.uuid #=> "bad85eb9-0713-4da7-8d36-07a8e4b00eab"
+  #   Random.uuid #=> "2d931510-d99f-494a-8c67-87feb05e1594"
+  #   Random.uuid #=> "bad85eb9-0713-4da7-8d36-07a8e4b00eab"
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
   #   prng.uuid #=> "62936e70-1815-439b-bf89-8492855a7e6b"
   #
   # The version 4 UUID is purely random (except the version).
@@ -139,7 +165,7 @@ module Random::Formatter
   #
   # The result contains 122 random bits (15.25 random bytes).
   #
-  # See RFC 4122 for details of UUID.
+  # See RFC4122[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4122] for details of UUID.
   #
   def uuid
     ary = random_bytes(16).unpack("NnnnnN")
@@ -148,11 +174,130 @@ module Random::Formatter
     "%08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x%08x" % ary
   end
 
+  alias uuid_v4 uuid
+
+  # Generate a random v7 UUID (Universally Unique IDentifier).
+  #
+  #   require 'random/formatter'
+  #
+  #   Random.uuid_v7 # => "0188d4c3-1311-7f96-85c7-242a7aa58f1e"
+  #   Random.uuid_v7 # => "0188d4c3-16fe-744f-86af-38fa04c62bb5"
+  #   Random.uuid_v7 # => "0188d4c3-1af8-764f-b049-c204ce0afa23"
+  #   Random.uuid_v7 # => "0188d4c3-1e74-7085-b14f-ef6415dc6f31"
+  #   #                    |<--sorted-->| |<----- random ---->|
+  #
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
+  #   prng.uuid_v7 # => "0188ca51-5e72-7950-a11d-def7ff977c98"
+  #
+  # The version 7 UUID starts with the least significant 48 bits of a 64 bit
+  # Unix timestamp (milliseconds since the epoch) and fills the remaining bits
+  # with random data, excluding the version and variant bits.
+  #
+  # This allows version 7 UUIDs to be sorted by creation time.  Time ordered
+  # UUIDs can be used for better database index locality of newly inserted
+  # records, which may have a significant performance benefit compared to random
+  # data inserts.
+  #
+  # The result contains 74 random bits (9.25 random bytes).
+  #
+  # Note that this method cannot be made reproducable because its output
+  # includes not only random bits but also timestamp.
+  #
+  # See draft-ietf-uuidrev-rfc4122bis[https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-uuidrev-rfc4122bis/]
+  # for details of UUIDv7.
+  #
+  # ==== Monotonicity
+  #
+  # UUIDv7 has millisecond precision by default, so multiple UUIDs created
+  # within the same millisecond are not issued in monotonically increasing
+  # order.  To create UUIDs that are time-ordered with sub-millisecond
+  # precision, up to 12 bits of additional timestamp may added with
+  # +extra_timestamp_bits+.  The extra timestamp precision comes at the expense
+  # of random bits.  Setting <tt>extra_timestamp_bits: 12</tt> provides ~244ns
+  # of precision, but only 62 random bits (7.75 random bytes).
+  #
+  #   prng = Random.new
+  #   Array.new(4) { prng.uuid_v7(extra_timestamp_bits: 12) }
+  #   # =>
+  #   ["0188d4c7-13da-74f9-8b53-22a786ffdd5a",
+  #    "0188d4c7-13da-753b-83a5-7fb9b2afaeea",
+  #    "0188d4c7-13da-754a-88ea-ac0baeedd8db",
+  #    "0188d4c7-13da-7557-83e1-7cad9cda0d8d"]
+  #   # |<--- sorted --->| |<-- random --->|
+  #
+  #   Array.new(4) { prng.uuid_v7(extra_timestamp_bits: 8) }
+  #   # =>
+  #   ["0188d4c7-3333-7a95-850a-de6edb858f7e",
+  #    "0188d4c7-3333-7ae8-842e-bc3a8b7d0cf9",  # <- out of order
+  #    "0188d4c7-3333-7ae2-995a-9f135dc44ead",  # <- out of order
+  #    "0188d4c7-3333-7af9-87c3-8f612edac82e"]
+  #   # |<--- sorted -->||<---- random --->|
+  #
+  # Any rollbacks of the system clock will break monotonicity.  UUIDv7 is based
+  # on UTC, which excludes leap seconds and can rollback the clock.  To avoid
+  # this, the system clock can synchronize with an NTP server configured to use
+  # a "leap smear" approach.  NTP or PTP will also be needed to synchronize
+  # across distributed nodes.
+  #
+  # Counters and other mechanisms for stronger guarantees of monotonicity are
+  # not implemented.  Applications with stricter requirements should follow
+  # {Section 6.2}[https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-ietf-uuidrev-rfc4122bis-07.html#monotonicity_counters]
+  # of the specification.
+  #
+  def uuid_v7(extra_timestamp_bits: 0)
+    case (extra_timestamp_bits = Integer(extra_timestamp_bits))
+    when 0 # min timestamp precision
+      ms = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_REALTIME, :millisecond)
+      rand = random_bytes(10)
+      rand.setbyte(0, rand.getbyte(0) & 0x0f | 0x70) # version
+      rand.setbyte(2, rand.getbyte(2) & 0x3f | 0x80) # variant
+      "%08x-%04x-%s" % [
+        (ms & 0x0000_ffff_ffff_0000) >> 16,
+        (ms & 0x0000_0000_0000_ffff),
+        rand.unpack("H4H4H12").join("-")
+      ]
+
+    when 12 # max timestamp precision
+      ms, ns = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_REALTIME, :nanosecond)
+        .divmod(1_000_000)
+      extra_bits = ns * 4096 / 1_000_000
+      rand = random_bytes(8)
+      rand.setbyte(0, rand.getbyte(0) & 0x3f | 0x80) # variant
+      "%08x-%04x-7%03x-%s" % [
+        (ms & 0x0000_ffff_ffff_0000) >> 16,
+        (ms & 0x0000_0000_0000_ffff),
+        extra_bits,
+        rand.unpack("H4H12").join("-")
+      ]
+
+    when (0..12) # the generic version is slower than the special cases above
+      rand_a, rand_b1, rand_b2, rand_b3 = random_bytes(10).unpack("nnnN")
+      rand_mask_bits = 12 - extra_timestamp_bits
+      ms, ns = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_REALTIME, :nanosecond)
+        .divmod(1_000_000)
+      "%08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x%08x" % [
+        (ms & 0x0000_ffff_ffff_0000) >> 16,
+        (ms & 0x0000_0000_0000_ffff),
+        0x7000 |
+          ((ns * (1 << extra_timestamp_bits) / 1_000_000) << rand_mask_bits) |
+          rand_a & ((1 << rand_mask_bits) - 1),
+        0x8000 | (rand_b1 & 0x3fff),
+        rand_b2,
+        rand_b3
+      ]
+
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError, "extra_timestamp_bits must be in 0..12"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Internal interface to Random; Generate random data _n_ bytes.
   private def gen_random(n)
     self.bytes(n)
   end
 
-  # Random::Formatter#choose generates a string that randomly draws from a
+  # Generate a string that randomly draws from a
   # source array of characters.
   #
   # The argument _source_ specifies the array of characters from which
@@ -195,23 +340,34 @@ module Random::Formatter
     result
   end
 
+  # The default character list for #alphanumeric.
   ALPHANUMERIC = [*'A'..'Z', *'a'..'z', *'0'..'9']
-  # Random::Formatter#alphanumeric generates a random alphanumeric string.
+
+  # Generate a random alphanumeric string.
   #
   # The argument _n_ specifies the length, in characters, of the alphanumeric
   # string to be generated.
+  # The argument _chars_ specifies the character list which the result is
+  # consist of.
   #
   # If _n_ is not specified or is nil, 16 is assumed.
   # It may be larger in the future.
   #
-  # The result may contain A-Z, a-z and 0-9.
+  # The result may contain A-Z, a-z and 0-9, unless _chars_ is specified.
   #
   #   require 'random/formatter'
   #
-  #   prng.alphanumeric     #=> "2BuBuLf3WfSKyQbR"
+  #   Random.alphanumeric     #=> "2BuBuLf3WfSKyQbR"
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
   #   prng.alphanumeric(10) #=> "i6K93NdqiH"
-  def alphanumeric(n=nil)
+  #
+  #   Random.alphanumeric(4, chars: [*"0".."9"]) #=> "2952"
+  #   # or
+  #   prng = Random.new
+  #   prng.alphanumeric(10, chars: [*"!".."/"]) #=> ",.,++%/''."
+  def alphanumeric(n = nil, chars: ALPHANUMERIC)
     n = 16 if n.nil?
-    choose(ALPHANUMERIC, n)
+    choose(chars, n)
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc.rb b/lib/rdoc.rb
index b62c22576d..cf52ce8792 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc.rb
@@ -120,6 +120,17 @@ module RDoc
     end
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Seaches and returns the directory for settings.
+  #
+  # 1. <tt>$HOME/.rdoc</tt> directory, if it exists.
+  # 2. The +rdoc+ directory under the path specified by the
+  #    +XDG_DATA_HOME+ environment variable, if it is set.
+  # 3. <tt>$HOME/.local/share/rdoc</tt> directory.
+  #
+  # Other than the home directory, the containing directory will be
+  # created automatically.
+
   def self.home
     rdoc_dir = begin
                 File.expand_path('~/.rdoc')
@@ -129,6 +140,7 @@ module RDoc
     if File.directory?(rdoc_dir)
       rdoc_dir
     else
+      require 'fileutils'
       begin
         # XDG
         xdg_data_home = ENV["XDG_DATA_HOME"] || File.join(File.expand_path("~"), '.local', 'share')
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/alias.rb b/lib/rdoc/alias.rb
index 858e053049..446cf9ccb4 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/alias.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/alias.rb
@@ -109,4 +109,3 @@ class RDoc::Alias < RDoc::CodeObject
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/anon_class.rb b/lib/rdoc/anon_class.rb
index d02a38c2cf..3c2f0e1877 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/anon_class.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/anon_class.rb
@@ -8,4 +8,3 @@
 
 class RDoc::AnonClass < RDoc::ClassModule
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/any_method.rb b/lib/rdoc/any_method.rb
index 051f946a10..465c4a4fb2 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/any_method.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/any_method.rb
@@ -116,6 +116,13 @@ class RDoc::AnyMethod < RDoc::MethodAttr
   end
 
   ##
+  # Whether the method has a call-seq.
+
+  def has_call_seq?
+    !!(@call_seq || is_alias_for&._call_seq)
+  end
+
+  ##
   # Loads is_alias_for from the internal name.  Returns nil if the alias
   # cannot be found.
 
@@ -297,6 +304,14 @@ class RDoc::AnyMethod < RDoc::MethodAttr
   end
 
   ##
+  # Whether to skip the method description, true for methods that have
+  # aliases with a call-seq that doesn't include the method name.
+
+  def skip_description?
+    has_call_seq? && call_seq.nil? && !!(is_alias_for || !aliases.empty?)
+  end
+
+  ##
   # Sets the store for this method and its referenced code objects.
 
   def store= store
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/attr.rb b/lib/rdoc/attr.rb
index f780b3b976..a403235933 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/attr.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/attr.rb
@@ -173,4 +173,3 @@ class RDoc::Attr < RDoc::MethodAttr
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/class_module.rb b/lib/rdoc/class_module.rb
index 7609080fbf..c69e14b5e4 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/class_module.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/class_module.rb
@@ -799,4 +799,3 @@ class RDoc::ClassModule < RDoc::Context
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/comment.rb b/lib/rdoc/comment.rb
index 9e90999eac..04ec226436 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/comment.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/comment.rb
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 # Each comment may have a different markup format set by #format=.  By default
 # 'rdoc' is used.  The :markup: directive tells RDoc which format to use.
 #
-# See RDoc::Markup@Other+directives for instructions on adding an alternate
-# format.
+# See RDoc::MarkupReference@Directive+for+Specifying+RDoc+Source+Format.
+
 
 class RDoc::Comment
 
@@ -97,42 +97,26 @@ class RDoc::Comment
     # comment.  The difficulty is to make sure not to match lines starting
     # with ARGF at the same indent, but that are after the first description
     # paragraph.
-    if @text =~ /^\s*:?call-seq:(.*?(?:\S).*?)^\s*$/m then
+    if /^(?<S> ((?!\n)\s)*+        (?# whitespaces except newline))
+         :?call-seq:
+           (?<B> \g<S>(?<N>\n|\z)  (?# trailing spaces))?
+         (?<seq>
+           (\g<S>(?!\w)\S.*\g<N>)*
+           (?>
+             (?<H> \g<S>\w+        (?# ' #   ARGF' in the example above))
+             .*\g<N>)?
+           (\g<S>\S.*\g<N>         (?# other non-blank line))*+
+           (\g<B>+(\k<H>.*\g<N>    (?# ARGF.to_a lines))++)*+
+         )
+         (?m:^\s*$|\z)
+        /x =~ @text
+      seq = $~[:seq]
+
       all_start, all_stop = $~.offset(0)
-      seq_start, seq_stop = $~.offset(1)
-
-      # we get the following lines that start with the leading word at the
-      # same indent, even if they have blank lines before
-      if $1 =~ /(^\s*\n)+^(\s*\w+)/m then
-        leading = $2 # ' *    ARGF' in the example above
-        re = %r%
-          \A(
-             (^\s*\n)+
-             (^#{Regexp.escape leading}.*?\n)+
-            )+
-          ^\s*$
-        %xm
-
-        if @text[seq_stop..-1] =~ re then
-          all_stop = seq_stop + $~.offset(0).last
-          seq_stop = seq_stop + $~.offset(1).last
-        end
-      end
-
-      seq = @text[seq_start..seq_stop]
-      seq.gsub!(/^\s*(\S|\n)/m, '\1')
       @text.slice! all_start...all_stop
 
-      method.call_seq = seq.chomp
-
-    else
-      regexp = /^\s*:?call-seq:(.*?)(^\s*$|\z)/m
-      if regexp =~ @text then
-        @text = @text.sub(regexp, '')
-        seq = $1
-        seq.gsub!(/^\s*/, '')
-        method.call_seq = seq
-      end
+      seq.gsub!(/^\s*/, '')
+      method.call_seq = seq
     end
 
     method
@@ -149,12 +133,7 @@ class RDoc::Comment
   # HACK dubious
 
   def encode! encoding
-    # TODO: Remove this condition after Ruby 2.2 EOL
-    if RUBY_VERSION < '2.3.0'
-      @text = @text.force_encoding encoding
-    else
-      @text = String.new @text, encoding: encoding
-    end
+    @text = String.new @text, encoding: encoding
     self
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/constant.rb b/lib/rdoc/constant.rb
index 0c3d7505a1..12b8be775c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/constant.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/constant.rb
@@ -184,4 +184,3 @@ class RDoc::Constant < RDoc::CodeObject
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/context/section.rb b/lib/rdoc/context/section.rb
index c316efe99f..aecd4e0213 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/context/section.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/context/section.rb
@@ -231,4 +231,3 @@ class RDoc::Context::Section
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/cross_reference.rb b/lib/rdoc/cross_reference.rb
index 319bbc02ac..4e011219e8 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/cross_reference.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/cross_reference.rb
@@ -131,6 +131,9 @@ class RDoc::CrossReference
     @seen = {}
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Returns a method reference to +name+.
+
   def resolve_method name
     ref = nil
 
@@ -223,4 +226,3 @@ class RDoc::CrossReference
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/encoding.rb b/lib/rdoc/encoding.rb
index cf60badd24..67e190f782 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/encoding.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/encoding.rb
@@ -86,17 +86,6 @@ module RDoc::Encoding
     nil
   end
 
-  def self.remove_frozen_string_literal string
-    string =~ /\A(?:#!.*\n)?(.*\n)/
-    first_line = $1
-
-    if first_line =~ /\A# +frozen[-_]string[-_]literal[=:].+$/i
-      string = string.sub first_line, ''
-    end
-
-    string
-  end
-
   ##
   # Detects the encoding of +string+ based on the magic comment
 
@@ -124,12 +113,7 @@ module RDoc::Encoding
     if text.kind_of? RDoc::Comment
       text.encode! encoding
     else
-      # TODO: Remove this condition after Ruby 2.2 EOL
-      if RUBY_VERSION < '2.3.0'
-        text.force_encoding encoding
-      else
-        String.new text, encoding: encoding
-      end
+      String.new text, encoding: encoding
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb b/lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb
index d6e3f41b7e..043d763db1 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb
@@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ class RDoc::ERBPartial < ERB
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/erbio.rb b/lib/rdoc/erbio.rb
index 0d5f96e133..0f98eaedee 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/erbio.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/erbio.rb
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@ class RDoc::ERBIO < ERB
   ##
   # Defaults +eoutvar+ to 'io', otherwise is identical to ERB's initialize
 
-  def initialize str, safe_level = nil, legacy_trim_mode = nil, legacy_eoutvar = 'io', trim_mode: nil, eoutvar: 'io'
-    if RUBY_VERSION >= '2.6'
-      super(str, trim_mode: trim_mode, eoutvar: eoutvar)
-    else
-      super(str, safe_level, legacy_trim_mode, legacy_eoutvar)
-    end
+  def initialize str, trim_mode: nil, eoutvar: 'io'
+    super(str, trim_mode: trim_mode, eoutvar: eoutvar)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -39,4 +35,3 @@ class RDoc::ERBIO < ERB
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/extend.rb b/lib/rdoc/extend.rb
index e1b182902e..7d57433de6 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/extend.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/extend.rb
@@ -7,4 +7,3 @@
 class RDoc::Extend < RDoc::Mixin
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/darkfish.rb b/lib/rdoc/generator/darkfish.rb
index 60e0265e8c..1b408a6f8e 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/darkfish.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/darkfish.rb
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ class RDoc::Generator::Darkfish
 
     @classes = @store.all_classes_and_modules.sort
     @files   = @store.all_files.sort
-    @methods = @classes.map { |m| m.method_list }.flatten.sort
+    @methods = @classes.flat_map { |m| m.method_list }.sort
     @modsort = get_sorted_module_list @classes
   end
 
@@ -778,11 +778,7 @@ class RDoc::Generator::Darkfish
       erbout = "_erbout_#{file_var}"
     end
 
-    if RUBY_VERSION >= '2.6'
-      template = klass.new template, trim_mode: '-', eoutvar: erbout
-    else
-      template = klass.new template, nil, '-', erbout
-    end
+    template = klass.new template, trim_mode: '-', eoutvar: erbout
     @template_cache[file] = template
     template
   end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/json_index.rb b/lib/rdoc/generator/json_index.rb
index 3a1000033d..c454910d5c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/json_index.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/json_index.rb
@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ class RDoc::Generator::JsonIndex
   def index_methods
     debug_msg "  generating method search index"
 
-    list = @classes.uniq.map do |klass|
+    list = @classes.uniq.flat_map do |klass|
       klass.method_list
-    end.flatten.sort_by do |method|
+    end.sort_by do |method|
       [method.name, method.parent.full_name]
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb b/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb
index 41e132450d..76b7d458aa 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ class RDoc::MethodAttr
     lines.shift if src =~ /\A.*#\ *File/i # remove '# File' comment
     lines.each do |line|
       if line =~ /^ *(?=\S)/
-        n = $&.length
+        n = $~.end(0)
         indent = n if n < indent
         break if n == 0
       end
@@ -157,4 +157,3 @@ class RDoc::TopLevel
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/pot.rb b/lib/rdoc/generator/pot.rb
index bee1133b07..b0b7c07179 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/pot.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/pot.rb
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ class RDoc::Generator::POT
     end
   end
 
+  # :nodoc:
   def class_dir
     nil
   end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/ri.rb b/lib/rdoc/generator/ri.rb
index 0eef1d03f5..1c2f018f97 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/ri.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/ri.rb
@@ -28,4 +28,3 @@ class RDoc::Generator::RI
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_head.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_head.rhtml
index 4f331245c3..d5aed3e9ef 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_head.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_head.rhtml
@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@
 <title><%= h @title %></title>
 
 <script type="text/javascript">
-  var rdoc_rel_prefix = "<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/";
-  var index_rel_prefix = "<%= rel_prefix %>/";
+  var rdoc_rel_prefix = "<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/";
+  var index_rel_prefix = "<%= h rel_prefix %>/";
 </script>
 
-<script src="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/js/navigation.js" defer></script>
-<script src="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/js/search.js" defer></script>
-<script src="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/js/search_index.js" defer></script>
-<script src="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/js/searcher.js" defer></script>
-<script src="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/js/darkfish.js" defer></script>
+<script src="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/js/navigation.js" defer></script>
+<script src="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/js/search.js" defer></script>
+<script src="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/js/search_index.js" defer></script>
+<script src="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/js/searcher.js" defer></script>
+<script src="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/js/darkfish.js" defer></script>
 
-<link href="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/css/fonts.css" rel="stylesheet">
-<link href="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/css/rdoc.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<link href="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/css/fonts.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<link href="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/css/rdoc.css" rel="stylesheet">
 <%- @options.template_stylesheets.each do |stylesheet| -%>
-<link href="<%= asset_rel_prefix %>/<%= File.basename stylesheet %>" rel="stylesheet">
+<link href="<%= h asset_rel_prefix %>/<%= File.basename stylesheet %>" rel="stylesheet">
 <%- end -%>
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_pages.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_pages.rhtml
index 0ed683ca14..3f68f0c0dc 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_pages.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_pages.rhtml
@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@
   <%- end.each do |n, files| -%>
     <%- f = files.shift -%>
     <%- if files.empty? -%>
-    <li><a href="<%= rel_prefix %>/<%= f.path %>"><%= h f.page_name %></a>
+    <li><a href="<%= rel_prefix %>/<%= h f.path %>"><%= h f.page_name %></a>
       <%- next -%>
     <%- end -%>
     <li><details<% if dir == n %> open<% end %>><summary><%
     if n == f.page_name
-      %><a href="<%= rel_prefix %>/<%= f.path %>"><%= h n %></a><%
+      %><a href="<%= rel_prefix %>/<%= h f.path %>"><%= h n %></a><%
     else
       %><%= h n %><% files.unshift(f)
     end %></summary>
     <ul class="link-list">
     <%- files.each do |f| -%>
-      <li><a href="<%= rel_prefix %>/<%= f.path %>"><%= h f.page_name %></a>
+      <li><a href="<%= rel_prefix %>/<%= h f.path %>"><%= h f.page_name %></a>
     <%- end -%>
     </ul></details>
   <%- end -%>
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_search.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_search.rhtml
index 9c49b31376..afc7f7b88d 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_search.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_search.rhtml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     <div id="search-field-wrapper">
       <input id="search-field" role="combobox" aria-label="Search"
              aria-autocomplete="list" aria-controls="search-results"
-             type="text" name="search" placeholder="Search" spellcheck="false"
+             type="text" name="search" placeholder="Search (/) for a class, method, ..." spellcheck="false"
              title="Type to search, Up and Down to navigate, Enter to load">
     </div>
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_table_of_contents.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_table_of_contents.rhtml
index bf70819f64..b1e047b5f7 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_table_of_contents.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_table_of_contents.rhtml
@@ -3,16 +3,37 @@
              else
                current.comment
              end
-   table = current.parse(comment).table_of_contents
+   table = current.parse(comment).table_of_contents.dup
 
    if table.length > 1 then %>
 <div class="nav-section">
   <h3>Table of Contents</h3>
 
+    <%- display_link = proc do |heading| -%>
+      <a href="#<%= heading.label current %>"><%= heading.plain_html %></a>
+    <%- end -%>
+
+    <%- list_siblings = proc do -%>
+      <%- level = table.first&.level -%>
+      <%- while table.first && table.first.level >= level -%>
+        <%- heading = table.shift -%>
+        <%- if table.first.nil? || table.first.level <= heading.level -%>
+          <li><% display_link.call heading -%>
+        <%- else -%>
+          <li>
+            <details open>
+              <summary><%- display_link.call heading -%></summary>
+              <ul class="link-list" role="directory">
+                <% list_siblings.call %>
+              </ul>
+            </details>
+          </li>
+        <%- end -%>
+      <%- end -%>
+    <%- end -%>
+
   <ul class="link-list" role="directory">
-<%-   table.each do |heading| -%>
-    <li><a href="#<%= heading.label current %>"><%= heading.plain_html %></a>
-<%-   end -%>
+    <% list_siblings.call %>
   </ul>
 </div>
 <%- end -%>
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/class.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/class.rhtml
index 5d7b6a1b80..d6510336df 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/class.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/class.rhtml
@@ -98,29 +98,36 @@
 
     <%- methods.each do |method| -%>
       <div id="<%= method.aref %>" class="method-detail <%= method.is_alias_for ? "method-alias" : '' %>">
-        <%- if (call_seq = method.call_seq) then -%>
-        <%-   call_seq.strip.split("\n").each_with_index do |call_seq, i| -%>
-        <div class="method-heading">
-          <span class="method-callseq">
-            <%= h(call_seq.strip.
-                  gsub( /^\w+\./m, '')).
-                  gsub(/(.*)[-=]&gt;/, '\1&rarr;') %>
-          </span>
-          <%- if i == 0 and method.token_stream then -%>
-          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
-          <%- end -%>
-        </div>
-        <%-   end -%>
-        <%- else -%>
-        <div class="method-heading">
-          <span class="method-name"><%= h method.name %></span><span
-            class="method-args"><%= h method.param_seq %></span>
-          <%- if method.token_stream then -%>
-          <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
+        <div class="method-header">
+          <%- if (call_seq = method.call_seq) then -%>
+          <%-   call_seq.strip.split("\n").each_with_index do |call_seq, i| -%>
+          <div class="method-heading">
+            <span class="method-callseq">
+              <%= h(call_seq.strip.
+                    gsub( /^\w+\./m, '')).
+                    gsub(/(.*)[-=]&gt;/, '\1&rarr;') %>
+            </span>
+            <%- if i == 0 and method.token_stream then -%>
+            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
+            <%- end -%>
+          </div>
+          <%-   end -%>
+          <%- elsif method.has_call_seq? then -%>
+          <div class="method-heading">
+            <span class="method-name"><%= h method.name %></span>
+          </div>
+          <%- else -%>
+          <div class="method-heading">
+            <span class="method-name"><%= h method.name %></span><span
+              class="method-args"><%= h method.param_seq %></span>
+            <%- if method.token_stream then -%>
+            <span class="method-click-advice">click to toggle source</span>
+            <%- end -%>
+          </div>
           <%- end -%>
         </div>
-        <%- end -%>
 
+        <%- unless method.skip_description? then -%>
         <div class="method-description">
           <%- if method.comment then -%>
           <%= method.description.strip %>
@@ -143,6 +150,7 @@
           </div>
           <%- end -%>
         </div>
+        <%- end -%>
 
         <%- unless method.aliases.empty? then -%>
         <div class="aliases">
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/css/rdoc.css b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/css/rdoc.css
index 1be815f503..2cc55e03b1 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/css/rdoc.css
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/css/rdoc.css
@@ -17,6 +17,14 @@ body {
   background: #fafafa;
   font-family: Lato, sans-serif;
   font-weight: 300;
+
+  /* Layout */
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
+}
+
+body > :last-child {
+  grid-column: 1 / 3;
 }
 
 h1 span,
@@ -79,6 +87,17 @@ pre {
   border-radius: 0.2em;
 }
 
+em {
+  text-decoration-color: rgba(52, 48, 64, 0.25);
+  text-decoration-line: underline;
+  text-decoration-style: dotted;
+}
+
+strong,
+em {
+  background-color: rgba(158, 178, 255, 0.1);
+}
+
 table {
   margin: 0;
   border-spacing: 0;
@@ -181,21 +200,25 @@ table tr:nth-child(even) td {
 /* @group Top-Level Structure */
 
 nav {
-  float: left;
-  width: 260px;
   font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;
   font-size: 14px;
   border-right: 1px solid #ccc;
   position: sticky;
   top: 0;
   overflow: auto;
+
+  /* Layout */
+  width: 260px; /* fallback */
+  width: max(50px, 20vw);
+  min-width: 50px;
+  max-width: 80vw;
   height: calc(100vh - 100px); /* reduce the footer height */
+  resize: horizontal;
 }
 
 main {
   display: block;
-  margin: 0 2em 5em 260px;
-  padding-left: 20px;
+  margin: 1em;
   min-width: 340px;
   font-size: 16px;
 }
@@ -214,7 +237,6 @@ main h6 {
 }
 
 #validator-badges {
-  clear: both;
   margin: 1em 1em 2em;
   font-size: smaller;
 }
@@ -309,23 +331,26 @@ dl.note-list dt {
   background: url(../images/arrow_up.png) no-repeat right center;
 }
 
-.nav-section details summary {
+.nav-section details > summary {
   display: block;
 }
 
-.nav-section details summary::-webkit-details-marker {
+.nav-section details > summary::-webkit-details-marker {
   display: none;
 }
 
-.nav-section details summary:before {
+.nav-section details > summary::before {
   content: "";
 }
 
-.nav-section details summary:after {
-  content: "  \25B6"; /* BLACK RIGHT-POINTING TRIANGLE */
+.nav-section details > summary::after {
+  content: "\25B6"; /* BLACK RIGHT-POINTING TRIANGLE */
+  font-size: 0.8em;
+  margin-left: 0.4em;
 }
-.nav-section details[open] > summary:after {
-  content: "  \25BD"; /* WHITE DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE */
+
+.nav-section details[open] > summary::after {
+  content: "\25BD"; /* WHITE DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE */
 }
 
 /* @end */
@@ -553,7 +578,7 @@ main .method-click-advice {
   line-height: 20px;
   background: url(../images/zoom.png) no-repeat right top;
 }
-main .method-heading:hover .method-click-advice {
+main .method-header:hover .method-click-advice {
   visibility: visible;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/index.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/index.rhtml
index 13fa3dcc7f..423e225b68 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/index.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/index.rhtml
@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@
       main_page = @files.find { |f| f.full_name == @options.main_page } then %>
 <%= main_page.description %>
 <%- else -%>
-<p>This is the API documentation for <%= @title %>.
+<p>This is the API documentation for <%= h @title %>.
 <%- end -%>
 </main>
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/darkfish.js b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/darkfish.js
index 111bbf8eb9..19a85c54e1 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/darkfish.js
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/darkfish.js
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ function hookSearch() {
     var html = '';
 
     // TODO add relative path to <script> per-page
-    html += '<p class="search-match"><a href="' + index_rel_prefix + result.path + '">' + this.hlt(result.title);
+    html += '<p class="search-match"><a href="' + index_rel_prefix + this.escapeHTML(result.path) + '">' + this.hlt(result.title);
     if (result.params)
       html += '<span class="params">' + result.params + '</span>';
     html += '</a>';
@@ -78,7 +78,20 @@ function hookSearch() {
   search.scrollIntoView = search.scrollInWindow;
 };
 
+function hookFocus() {
+  document.addEventListener("keydown", (event) => {
+    if (document.activeElement.tagName === 'INPUT') {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (event.key === "/") {
+      event.preventDefault();
+      document.querySelector('#search-field').focus();
+    }
+  });
+}
+
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
   hookSourceViews();
   hookSearch();
+  hookFocus();
 });
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/search.js b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/search.js
index b558ca5b4f..d3cded1d57 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/search.js
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/search.js
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ Search.prototype = Object.assign({}, Navigation, new function() {
   this.init = function() {
     var _this = this;
     var observer = function(e) {
-      switch(e.keyCode) {
-        case 38: // Event.KEY_UP
-        case 40: // Event.KEY_DOWN
+      switch(e.key) {
+        case 'ArrowUp':
+        case 'ArrowDown':
           return;
       }
       _this.search(_this.input.value);
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Search.prototype = Object.assign({}, Navigation, new function() {
   }
 
   this.escapeHTML = function(html) {
-    return html.replace(/[&<>]/g, function(c) {
+    return html.replace(/[&<>"`']/g, function(c) {
       return '&#' + c.charCodeAt(0) + ';';
     });
   }
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/table_of_contents.rhtml b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/table_of_contents.rhtml
index 303d7016cc..54a376c9e5 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/table_of_contents.rhtml
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/table_of_contents.rhtml
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@
 <ul>
 <%- simple_files.sort.each do |file| -%>
   <li class="file">
-    <a href="<%= file.path %>"><%= h file.page_name %></a>
+    <a href="<%= h file.path %>"><%= h file.page_name %></a>
 <%
    # HACK table_of_contents should not exist on Document
    table = file.parse(file.comment).table_of_contents
    unless table.empty? then %>
     <ul>
 <%- table.each do |heading| -%>
-      <li><a href="<%= file.path %>#<%= heading.aref %>"><%= heading.plain_html %></a>
+      <li><a href="<%= h file.path %>#<%= heading.aref %>"><%= heading.plain_html %></a>
 <%-   end -%>
     </ul>
 <%- end -%>
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
    unless table.empty? then %>
     <ul>
 <%- table.each do |item| -%>
-      <li><a href="<%= klass.path %>#<%= item.aref %>"><%= item.plain_html %></a>
-<%-   end -%>
+<%-   label = item.respond_to?(:label) ? item.label(klass) : item.aref -%>
+      <li><a href="<%= klass.path %>#<%= label %>"><%= item.plain_html %></a>
+<%- end -%>
     </ul>
 <%- end -%>
   </li>
@@ -46,9 +47,9 @@
 
 <h2 id="methods">Methods</h2>
 <ul>
-<%- @store.all_classes_and_modules.map do |mod|
+<%- @store.all_classes_and_modules.flat_map do |mod|
      mod.method_list
-   end.flatten.sort.each do |method| %>
+   end.sort.each do |method| %>
   <li class="method">
     <a href="<%= method.path %>"><%= h method.pretty_name %></a>
     &mdash;
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/json_index/js/navigation.js b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/json_index/js/navigation.js
index dfad74b1ae..137e3a0038 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/template/json_index/js/navigation.js
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/template/json_index/js/navigation.js
@@ -23,24 +23,24 @@ Navigation = new function() {
 
   this.onkeydown = function(e) {
     if (!this.navigationActive) return;
-    switch(e.keyCode) {
-      case 37: //Event.KEY_LEFT:
+    switch(e.key) {
+      case 'ArrowLeft':
         if (this.moveLeft()) e.preventDefault();
         break;
-      case 38: //Event.KEY_UP:
-        if (e.keyCode == 38 || e.ctrlKey) {
+      case 'ArrowUp':
+        if (e.key == 'ArrowUp' || e.ctrlKey) {
           if (this.moveUp()) e.preventDefault();
         }
         break;
-      case 39: //Event.KEY_RIGHT:
+      case 'ArrowRight':
         if (this.moveRight()) e.preventDefault();
         break;
-      case 40: //Event.KEY_DOWN:
-        if (e.keyCode == 40 || e.ctrlKey) {
+      case 'ArrowDown':
+        if (e.key == 'ArrowDown' || e.ctrlKey) {
           if (this.moveDown()) e.preventDefault();
         }
         break;
-      case 13: //Event.KEY_RETURN:
+      case 'Enter':
         if (this.current) e.preventDefault();
         this.select(this.current);
         break;
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/ghost_method.rb b/lib/rdoc/ghost_method.rb
index 2488feb9d7..25f951e35e 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/ghost_method.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/ghost_method.rb
@@ -4,4 +4,3 @@
 
 class RDoc::GhostMethod < RDoc::AnyMethod
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/include.rb b/lib/rdoc/include.rb
index b3ad610649..c3e0d45e47 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/include.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/include.rb
@@ -7,4 +7,3 @@
 class RDoc::Include < RDoc::Mixin
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markdown.rb b/lib/rdoc/markdown.rb
index 26b32f9b73..157f2fa3fe 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markdown.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markdown.rb
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
 # [dingus]: http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/dingus
 # [GFM]: https://github.github.com/gfm/
 # [pegmarkdown]: https://github.com/jgm/peg-markdown
-# [PHPE]: http://michelf.com/projects/php-markdown/extra/#def-list
+# [PHPE]: https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#def-list
 # [syntax]: http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax
 #--
 # Last updated to jgm/peg-markdown commit 8f8fc22ef0
@@ -209,45 +209,75 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
     attr_accessor :result, :pos
 
     def current_column(target=pos)
-      if c = string.rindex("\n", target-1)
-        return target - c - 1
+      if string[target] == "\n" && (c = string.rindex("\n", target-1) || -1)
+        return target - c
+      elsif c = string.rindex("\n", target)
+        return target - c
       end
 
       target + 1
     end
 
+    def position_line_offsets
+      unless @position_line_offsets
+        @position_line_offsets = []
+        total = 0
+        string.each_line do |line|
+          total += line.size
+          @position_line_offsets << total
+        end
+      end
+      @position_line_offsets
+    end
+
     if [].respond_to? :bsearch_index
       def current_line(target=pos)
-        unless @line_offsets
-          @line_offsets = []
-          total = 0
-          string.each_line do |line|
-            total += line.size
-            @line_offsets << total
-          end
+        if line = position_line_offsets.bsearch_index {|x| x > target }
+          return line + 1
         end
-
-        @line_offsets.bsearch_index {|x| x >= target } + 1 || -1
+        raise "Target position #{target} is outside of string"
       end
     else
       def current_line(target=pos)
-        cur_offset = 0
-        cur_line = 0
-
-        string.each_line do |line|
-          cur_line += 1
-          cur_offset += line.size
-          return cur_line if cur_offset >= target
+        if line = position_line_offsets.index {|x| x > target }
+          return line + 1
         end
 
-        -1
+        raise "Target position #{target} is outside of string"
       end
     end
 
+    def current_character(target=pos)
+      if target < 0 || target >= string.size
+        raise "Target position #{target} is outside of string"
+      end
+      string[target, 1]
+    end
+
+    KpegPosInfo = Struct.new(:pos, :lno, :col, :line, :char)
+
+    def current_pos_info(target=pos)
+      l = current_line target
+      c = current_column target
+      ln = get_line(l-1)
+      chr = string[target,1]
+      KpegPosInfo.new(target, l, c, ln, chr)
+    end
+
     def lines
-      lines = []
-      string.each_line { |l| lines << l }
-      lines
+      string.lines
+    end
+
+    def get_line(no)
+      loff = position_line_offsets
+      if no < 0
+        raise "Line No is out of range: #{no} < 0"
+      elsif no >= loff.size
+        raise "Line No is out of range: #{no} >= #{loff.size}"
+      end
+      lend = loff[no]-1
+      lstart = no > 0 ? loff[no-1] : 0
+      string[lstart..lend]
     end
 
 
@@ -261,6 +291,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
       @string = string
       @string_size = string ? string.size : 0
       @pos = pos
+      @position_line_offsets = nil
     end
 
     def show_pos
@@ -285,30 +316,22 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
     end
 
     def failure_caret
-      l = current_line @failing_rule_offset
-      c = current_column @failing_rule_offset
-
-      line = lines[l-1]
-      "#{line}\n#{' ' * (c - 1)}^"
+      p = current_pos_info @failing_rule_offset
+      "#{p.line.chomp}\n#{' ' * (p.col - 1)}^"
     end
 
     def failure_character
-      l = current_line @failing_rule_offset
-      c = current_column @failing_rule_offset
-      lines[l-1][c-1, 1]
+      current_character @failing_rule_offset
     end
 
     def failure_oneline
-      l = current_line @failing_rule_offset
-      c = current_column @failing_rule_offset
-
-      char = lines[l-1][c-1, 1]
+      p = current_pos_info @failing_rule_offset
 
       if @failed_rule.kind_of? Symbol
         info = self.class::Rules[@failed_rule]
-        "@#{l}:#{c} failed rule '#{info.name}', got '#{char}'"
+        "@#{p.lno}:#{p.col} failed rule '#{info.name}', got '#{p.char}'"
       else
-        "@#{l}:#{c} failed rule '#{@failed_rule}', got '#{char}'"
+        "@#{p.lno}:#{p.col} failed rule '#{@failed_rule}', got '#{p.char}'"
       end
     end
 
@@ -321,10 +344,9 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
 
     def show_error(io=STDOUT)
       error_pos = @failing_rule_offset
-      line_no = current_line(error_pos)
-      col_no = current_column(error_pos)
+      p = current_pos_info(error_pos)
 
-      io.puts "On line #{line_no}, column #{col_no}:"
+      io.puts "On line #{p.lno}, column #{p.col}:"
 
       if @failed_rule.kind_of? Symbol
         info = self.class::Rules[@failed_rule]
@@ -333,10 +355,9 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
         io.puts "Failed to match rule '#{@failed_rule}'"
       end
 
-      io.puts "Got: #{string[error_pos,1].inspect}"
-      line = lines[line_no-1]
-      io.puts "=> #{line}"
-      io.print(" " * (col_no + 3))
+      io.puts "Got: #{p.char.inspect}"
+      io.puts "=> #{p.line}"
+      io.print(" " * (p.col + 2))
       io.puts "^"
     end
 
@@ -445,6 +466,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
     end
 
     def apply_with_args(rule, *args)
+      @result = nil
       memo_key = [rule, args]
       if m = @memoizations[memo_key][@pos]
         @pos = m.pos
@@ -478,6 +500,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
     end
 
     def apply(rule)
+      @result = nil
       if m = @memoizations[rule][@pos]
         @pos = m.pos
         if !m.set
@@ -15910,7 +15933,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
     return _tmp
   end
 
-  # Table = &{ github? } TableRow:header TableLine:line TableRow+:body { table = RDoc::Markup::Table.new(header, line, body) }
+  # Table = &{ github? } TableHead:header TableLine:line TableRow+:body { table = RDoc::Markup::Table.new(header, line, body) }
   def _Table
 
     _save = self.pos
@@ -15922,7 +15945,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
-      _tmp = apply(:_TableRow)
+      _tmp = apply(:_TableHead)
       header = @result
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
@@ -15966,18 +15989,18 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
     return _tmp
   end
 
-  # TableRow = TableItem+:row "|" @Newline { row }
-  def _TableRow
+  # TableHead = TableItem2+:items "|"? @Newline { items }
+  def _TableHead
 
     _save = self.pos
     while true # sequence
       _save1 = self.pos
       _ary = []
-      _tmp = apply(:_TableItem)
+      _tmp = apply(:_TableItem2)
       if _tmp
         _ary << @result
         while true
-          _tmp = apply(:_TableItem)
+          _tmp = apply(:_TableItem2)
           _ary << @result if _tmp
           break unless _tmp
         end
@@ -15986,13 +16009,18 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
       else
         self.pos = _save1
       end
-      row = @result
+      items = @result
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
+      _save2 = self.pos
       _tmp = match_string("|")
       unless _tmp
+        _tmp = true
+        self.pos = _save2
+      end
+      unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
@@ -16001,7 +16029,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
-      @result = begin;  row ; end
+      @result = begin;  items ; end
       _tmp = true
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
@@ -16009,90 +16037,92 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
       break
     end # end sequence
 
-    set_failed_rule :_TableRow unless _tmp
+    set_failed_rule :_TableHead unless _tmp
     return _tmp
   end
 
-  # TableItem = "|" < (!"|" !@Newline .)+ > { text.strip }
-  def _TableItem
+  # TableRow = ((TableItem:item1 TableItem2*:items { [item1, *items] }):row | TableItem2+:row) "|"? @Newline { row }
+  def _TableRow
 
     _save = self.pos
     while true # sequence
-      _tmp = match_string("|")
-      unless _tmp
-        self.pos = _save
-        break
-      end
-      _text_start = self.pos
+
       _save1 = self.pos
+      while true # choice
 
-      _save2 = self.pos
-      while true # sequence
-        _save3 = self.pos
-        _tmp = match_string("|")
-        _tmp = _tmp ? nil : true
-        self.pos = _save3
-        unless _tmp
-          self.pos = _save2
+        _save2 = self.pos
+        while true # sequence
+          _tmp = apply(:_TableItem)
+          item1 = @result
+          unless _tmp
+            self.pos = _save2
+            break
+          end
+          _ary = []
+          while true
+            _tmp = apply(:_TableItem2)
+            _ary << @result if _tmp
+            break unless _tmp
+          end
+          _tmp = true
+          @result = _ary
+          items = @result
+          unless _tmp
+            self.pos = _save2
+            break
+          end
+          @result = begin;  [item1, *items] ; end
+          _tmp = true
+          unless _tmp
+            self.pos = _save2
+          end
           break
-        end
+        end # end sequence
+
+        row = @result
+        break if _tmp
+        self.pos = _save1
         _save4 = self.pos
-        _tmp = _Newline()
-        _tmp = _tmp ? nil : true
-        self.pos = _save4
-        unless _tmp
-          self.pos = _save2
-          break
-        end
-        _tmp = get_byte
-        unless _tmp
-          self.pos = _save2
+        _ary = []
+        _tmp = apply(:_TableItem2)
+        if _tmp
+          _ary << @result
+          while true
+            _tmp = apply(:_TableItem2)
+            _ary << @result if _tmp
+            break unless _tmp
+          end
+          _tmp = true
+          @result = _ary
+        else
+          self.pos = _save4
         end
+        row = @result
+        break if _tmp
+        self.pos = _save1
         break
-      end # end sequence
-
-      if _tmp
-        while true
-
-          _save5 = self.pos
-          while true # sequence
-            _save6 = self.pos
-            _tmp = match_string("|")
-            _tmp = _tmp ? nil : true
-            self.pos = _save6
-            unless _tmp
-              self.pos = _save5
-              break
-            end
-            _save7 = self.pos
-            _tmp = _Newline()
-            _tmp = _tmp ? nil : true
-            self.pos = _save7
-            unless _tmp
-              self.pos = _save5
-              break
-            end
-            _tmp = get_byte
-            unless _tmp
-              self.pos = _save5
-            end
-            break
-          end # end sequence
+      end # end choice
 
-          break unless _tmp
-        end
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      _save5 = self.pos
+      _tmp = match_string("|")
+      unless _tmp
         _tmp = true
-      else
-        self.pos = _save1
+        self.pos = _save5
       end
-      if _tmp
-        text = get_text(_text_start)
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
       end
+      _tmp = _Newline()
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
-      @result = begin;  text.strip ; end
+      @result = begin;  row ; end
       _tmp = true
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
@@ -16100,46 +16130,46 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
       break
     end # end sequence
 
-    set_failed_rule :_TableItem unless _tmp
+    set_failed_rule :_TableRow unless _tmp
     return _tmp
   end
 
-  # TableLine = TableColumn+:line "|" @Newline { line }
-  def _TableLine
+  # TableItem2 = "|" TableItem
+  def _TableItem2
 
     _save = self.pos
     while true # sequence
-      _save1 = self.pos
-      _ary = []
-      _tmp = apply(:_TableColumn)
-      if _tmp
-        _ary << @result
-        while true
-          _tmp = apply(:_TableColumn)
-          _ary << @result if _tmp
-          break unless _tmp
-        end
-        _tmp = true
-        @result = _ary
-      else
-        self.pos = _save1
-      end
-      line = @result
+      _tmp = match_string("|")
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
-      _tmp = match_string("|")
+      _tmp = apply(:_TableItem)
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
-        break
       end
-      _tmp = _Newline()
+      break
+    end # end sequence
+
+    set_failed_rule :_TableItem2 unless _tmp
+    return _tmp
+  end
+
+  # TableItem = < /(?:\\.|[^|\n])+/ > { text.strip.gsub(/\\(.)/, '\1')  }
+  def _TableItem
+
+    _save = self.pos
+    while true # sequence
+      _text_start = self.pos
+      _tmp = scan(/\G(?-mix:(?:\\.|[^|\n])+)/)
+      if _tmp
+        text = get_text(_text_start)
+      end
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
-      @result = begin;  line ; end
+      @result = begin;  text.strip.gsub(/\\(.)/, '\1')  ; end
       _tmp = true
       unless _tmp
         self.pos = _save
@@ -16147,80 +16177,136 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
       break
     end # end sequence
 
-    set_failed_rule :_TableLine unless _tmp
+    set_failed_rule :_TableItem unless _tmp
     return _tmp
   end
 
-  # TableColumn = "|" < ("-"+ ":"? | ":" "-"*) > { text.start_with?(":") ? :left :                 text.end_with?(":") ? :right : nil               }
-  def _TableColumn
+  # TableLine = ((TableAlign:align1 TableAlign2*:aligns {[align1, *aligns] }):line | TableAlign2+:line) "|"? @Newline { line }
+  def _TableLine
 
     _save = self.pos
     while true # sequence
-      _tmp = match_string("|")
-      unless _tmp
-        self.pos = _save
-        break
-      end
-      _text_start = self.pos
 
       _save1 = self.pos
       while true # choice
 
         _save2 = self.pos
         while true # sequence
-          _save3 = self.pos
-          _tmp = match_string("-")
-          if _tmp
-            while true
-              _tmp = match_string("-")
-              break unless _tmp
-            end
-            _tmp = true
-          else
-            self.pos = _save3
-          end
+          _tmp = apply(:_TableAlign)
+          align1 = @result
           unless _tmp
             self.pos = _save2
             break
           end
-          _save4 = self.pos
-          _tmp = match_string(":")
+          _ary = []
+          while true
+            _tmp = apply(:_TableAlign2)
+            _ary << @result if _tmp
+            break unless _tmp
+          end
+          _tmp = true
+          @result = _ary
+          aligns = @result
           unless _tmp
-            _tmp = true
-            self.pos = _save4
+            self.pos = _save2
+            break
           end
+          @result = begin; [align1, *aligns] ; end
+          _tmp = true
           unless _tmp
             self.pos = _save2
           end
           break
         end # end sequence
 
+        line = @result
         break if _tmp
         self.pos = _save1
-
-        _save5 = self.pos
-        while true # sequence
-          _tmp = match_string(":")
-          unless _tmp
-            self.pos = _save5
-            break
-          end
+        _save4 = self.pos
+        _ary = []
+        _tmp = apply(:_TableAlign2)
+        if _tmp
+          _ary << @result
           while true
-            _tmp = match_string("-")
+            _tmp = apply(:_TableAlign2)
+            _ary << @result if _tmp
             break unless _tmp
           end
           _tmp = true
-          unless _tmp
-            self.pos = _save5
-          end
-          break
-        end # end sequence
-
+          @result = _ary
+        else
+          self.pos = _save4
+        end
+        line = @result
         break if _tmp
         self.pos = _save1
         break
       end # end choice
 
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      _save5 = self.pos
+      _tmp = match_string("|")
+      unless _tmp
+        _tmp = true
+        self.pos = _save5
+      end
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      _tmp = _Newline()
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      @result = begin;  line ; end
+      _tmp = true
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+      end
+      break
+    end # end sequence
+
+    set_failed_rule :_TableLine unless _tmp
+    return _tmp
+  end
+
+  # TableAlign2 = "|" @Sp TableAlign
+  def _TableAlign2
+
+    _save = self.pos
+    while true # sequence
+      _tmp = match_string("|")
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      _tmp = _Sp()
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      _tmp = apply(:_TableAlign)
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+      end
+      break
+    end # end sequence
+
+    set_failed_rule :_TableAlign2 unless _tmp
+    return _tmp
+  end
+
+  # TableAlign = < /:?-+:?/ > @Sp {                 text.start_with?(":") ?                 (text.end_with?(":") ? :center : :left) :                 (text.end_with?(":") ? :right : nil)               }
+  def _TableAlign
+
+    _save = self.pos
+    while true # sequence
+      _text_start = self.pos
+      _tmp = scan(/\G(?-mix::?-+:?)/)
       if _tmp
         text = get_text(_text_start)
       end
@@ -16228,8 +16314,15 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
         self.pos = _save
         break
       end
-      @result = begin;  text.start_with?(":") ? :left :
-                text.end_with?(":") ? :right : nil
+      _tmp = _Sp()
+      unless _tmp
+        self.pos = _save
+        break
+      end
+      @result = begin;
+                text.start_with?(":") ?
+                (text.end_with?(":") ? :center : :left) :
+                (text.end_with?(":") ? :right : nil)
               ; end
       _tmp = true
       unless _tmp
@@ -16238,7 +16331,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
       break
     end # end sequence
 
-    set_failed_rule :_TableColumn unless _tmp
+    set_failed_rule :_TableAlign unless _tmp
     return _tmp
   end
 
@@ -16674,11 +16767,14 @@ class RDoc::Markdown
   Rules[:_Notes] = rule_info("Notes", "(Note | SkipBlock)*")
   Rules[:_RawNoteBlock] = rule_info("RawNoteBlock", "@StartList:a (!@BlankLine !RawNoteReference OptionallyIndentedLine:l { a << l })+ < @BlankLine* > { a << text } { a }")
   Rules[:_CodeFence] = rule_info("CodeFence", "&{ github? } Ticks3 (@Sp StrChunk:format)? Spnl < ((!\"`\" Nonspacechar)+ | !Ticks3 /`+/ | Spacechar | @Newline)+ > Ticks3 @Sp @Newline* { verbatim = RDoc::Markup::Verbatim.new text               verbatim.format = format.intern if format.instance_of?(String)               verbatim             }")
-  Rules[:_Table] = rule_info("Table", "&{ github? } TableRow:header TableLine:line TableRow+:body { table = RDoc::Markup::Table.new(header, line, body) }")
-  Rules[:_TableRow] = rule_info("TableRow", "TableItem+:row \"|\" @Newline { row }")
-  Rules[:_TableItem] = rule_info("TableItem", "\"|\" < (!\"|\" !@Newline .)+ > { text.strip }")
-  Rules[:_TableLine] = rule_info("TableLine", "TableColumn+:line \"|\" @Newline { line }")
-  Rules[:_TableColumn] = rule_info("TableColumn", "\"|\" < (\"-\"+ \":\"? | \":\" \"-\"*) > { text.start_with?(\":\") ? :left :                 text.end_with?(\":\") ? :right : nil               }")
+  Rules[:_Table] = rule_info("Table", "&{ github? } TableHead:header TableLine:line TableRow+:body { table = RDoc::Markup::Table.new(header, line, body) }")
+  Rules[:_TableHead] = rule_info("TableHead", "TableItem2+:items \"|\"? @Newline { items }")
+  Rules[:_TableRow] = rule_info("TableRow", "((TableItem:item1 TableItem2*:items { [item1, *items] }):row | TableItem2+:row) \"|\"? @Newline { row }")
+  Rules[:_TableItem2] = rule_info("TableItem2", "\"|\" TableItem")
+  Rules[:_TableItem] = rule_info("TableItem", "< /(?:\\\\.|[^|\\n])+/ > { text.strip.gsub(/\\\\(.)/, '\\1')  }")
+  Rules[:_TableLine] = rule_info("TableLine", "((TableAlign:align1 TableAlign2*:aligns {[align1, *aligns] }):line | TableAlign2+:line) \"|\"? @Newline { line }")
+  Rules[:_TableAlign2] = rule_info("TableAlign2", "\"|\" @Sp TableAlign")
+  Rules[:_TableAlign] = rule_info("TableAlign", "< /:?-+:?/ > @Sp {                 text.start_with?(\":\") ?                 (text.end_with?(\":\") ? :center : :left) :                 (text.end_with?(\":\") ? :right : nil)               }")
   Rules[:_DefinitionList] = rule_info("DefinitionList", "&{ definition_lists? } DefinitionListItem+:list { RDoc::Markup::List.new :NOTE, *list.flatten }")
   Rules[:_DefinitionListItem] = rule_info("DefinitionListItem", "DefinitionListLabel+:label DefinitionListDefinition+:defns { list_items = []                        list_items <<                          RDoc::Markup::ListItem.new(label, defns.shift)                         list_items.concat defns.map { |defn|                          RDoc::Markup::ListItem.new nil, defn                        } unless list_items.empty?                         list_items                      }")
   Rules[:_DefinitionListLabel] = rule_info("DefinitionListLabel", "StrChunk:label @Sp @Newline { label }")
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markdown/entities.rb b/lib/rdoc/markdown/entities.rb
index d2cf610293..265c2eb3f3 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markdown/entities.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markdown/entities.rb
@@ -2129,4 +2129,3 @@ RDoc::Markdown::HTML_ENTITIES = {
   "zwj" => [0x0200D],
   "zwnj" => [0x0200C],
 }
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals.rb b/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals.rb
index 4c36672de7..c5c15d3100 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 # :markup: markdown
 
 ##
-#--
 # This set of literals is for Ruby 1.9 regular expressions and gives full
 # unicode support.
 #
@@ -39,45 +38,75 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
     attr_accessor :result, :pos
 
     def current_column(target=pos)
-      if c = string.rindex("\n", target-1)
-        return target - c - 1
+      if string[target] == "\n" && (c = string.rindex("\n", target-1) || -1)
+        return target - c
+      elsif c = string.rindex("\n", target)
+        return target - c
       end
 
       target + 1
     end
 
+    def position_line_offsets
+      unless @position_line_offsets
+        @position_line_offsets = []
+        total = 0
+        string.each_line do |line|
+          total += line.size
+          @position_line_offsets << total
+        end
+      end
+      @position_line_offsets
+    end
+
     if [].respond_to? :bsearch_index
       def current_line(target=pos)
-        unless @line_offsets
-          @line_offsets = []
-          total = 0
-          string.each_line do |line|
-            total += line.size
-            @line_offsets << total
-          end
+        if line = position_line_offsets.bsearch_index {|x| x > target }
+          return line + 1
         end
-
-        @line_offsets.bsearch_index {|x| x >= target } + 1 || -1
+        raise "Target position #{target} is outside of string"
       end
     else
       def current_line(target=pos)
-        cur_offset = 0
-        cur_line = 0
-
-        string.each_line do |line|
-          cur_line += 1
-          cur_offset += line.size
-          return cur_line if cur_offset >= target
+        if line = position_line_offsets.index {|x| x > target }
+          return line + 1
         end
 
-        -1
+        raise "Target position #{target} is outside of string"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def current_character(target=pos)
+      if target < 0 || target >= string.size
+        raise "Target position #{target} is outside of string"
       end
+      string[target, 1]
+    end
+
+    KpegPosInfo = Struct.new(:pos, :lno, :col, :line, :char)
+
+    def current_pos_info(target=pos)
+      l = current_line target
+      c = current_column target
+      ln = get_line(l-1)
+      chr = string[target,1]
+      KpegPosInfo.new(target, l, c, ln, chr)
     end
 
     def lines
-      lines = []
-      string.each_line { |l| lines << l }
-      lines
+      string.lines
+    end
+
+    def get_line(no)
+      loff = position_line_offsets
+      if no < 0
+        raise "Line No is out of range: #{no} < 0"
+      elsif no >= loff.size
+        raise "Line No is out of range: #{no} >= #{loff.size}"
+      end
+      lend = loff[no]-1
+      lstart = no > 0 ? loff[no-1] : 0
+      string[lstart..lend]
     end
 
 
@@ -91,6 +120,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
       @string = string
       @string_size = string ? string.size : 0
       @pos = pos
+      @position_line_offsets = nil
     end
 
     def show_pos
@@ -115,30 +145,22 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
     end
 
     def failure_caret
-      l = current_line @failing_rule_offset
-      c = current_column @failing_rule_offset
-
-      line = lines[l-1]
-      "#{line}\n#{' ' * (c - 1)}^"
+      p = current_pos_info @failing_rule_offset
+      "#{p.line.chomp}\n#{' ' * (p.col - 1)}^"
     end
 
     def failure_character
-      l = current_line @failing_rule_offset
-      c = current_column @failing_rule_offset
-      lines[l-1][c-1, 1]
+      current_character @failing_rule_offset
     end
 
     def failure_oneline
-      l = current_line @failing_rule_offset
-      c = current_column @failing_rule_offset
-
-      char = lines[l-1][c-1, 1]
+      p = current_pos_info @failing_rule_offset
 
       if @failed_rule.kind_of? Symbol
         info = self.class::Rules[@failed_rule]
-        "@#{l}:#{c} failed rule '#{info.name}', got '#{char}'"
+        "@#{p.lno}:#{p.col} failed rule '#{info.name}', got '#{p.char}'"
       else
-        "@#{l}:#{c} failed rule '#{@failed_rule}', got '#{char}'"
+        "@#{p.lno}:#{p.col} failed rule '#{@failed_rule}', got '#{p.char}'"
       end
     end
 
@@ -151,10 +173,9 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
 
     def show_error(io=STDOUT)
       error_pos = @failing_rule_offset
-      line_no = current_line(error_pos)
-      col_no = current_column(error_pos)
+      p = current_pos_info(error_pos)
 
-      io.puts "On line #{line_no}, column #{col_no}:"
+      io.puts "On line #{p.lno}, column #{p.col}:"
 
       if @failed_rule.kind_of? Symbol
         info = self.class::Rules[@failed_rule]
@@ -163,10 +184,9 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
         io.puts "Failed to match rule '#{@failed_rule}'"
       end
 
-      io.puts "Got: #{string[error_pos,1].inspect}"
-      line = lines[line_no-1]
-      io.puts "=> #{line}"
-      io.print(" " * (col_no + 3))
+      io.puts "Got: #{p.char.inspect}"
+      io.puts "=> #{p.line}"
+      io.print(" " * (p.col + 2))
       io.puts "^"
     end
 
@@ -275,6 +295,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
     end
 
     def apply_with_args(rule, *args)
+      @result = nil
       memo_key = [rule, args]
       if m = @memoizations[memo_key][@pos]
         @pos = m.pos
@@ -308,6 +329,7 @@ class RDoc::Markdown::Literals
     end
 
     def apply(rule)
+      @result = nil
       if m = @memoizations[rule][@pos]
         @pos = m.pos
         if !m.set
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_changer.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_changer.rb
index 4c4bc6479e..e5ba470bb6 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_changer.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_changer.rb
@@ -20,4 +20,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttrChanger
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_span.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_span.rb
index 20ef11cd6d..f1fabf1c3b 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_span.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_span.rb
@@ -33,4 +33,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttrSpan
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/attribute_manager.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/attribute_manager.rb
index 6ef5af8856..f6eb06da95 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/attribute_manager.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/attribute_manager.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,19 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Manages changes of attributes in a block of text
 
 class RDoc::Markup::AttributeManager
+  unless ::MatchData.method_defined?(:match_length)
+    using ::Module.new {
+      refine(::MatchData) {
+        def match_length(nth) # :nodoc:
+          b, e = offset(nth)
+          e - b if b
+        end
+      }
+    }
+  end
 
   ##
   # The NUL character
@@ -127,6 +138,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttributeManager
     res
   end
 
+  # :nodoc:
   def exclusive?(attr)
     (attr & @exclusive_bitmap) != 0
   end
@@ -144,6 +156,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttributeManager
     convert_attrs_word_pair_map(str, attrs, exclusive)
   end
 
+  # :nodoc:
   def convert_attrs_matching_word_pairs(str, attrs, exclusive)
     # first do matching ones
     tags = @matching_word_pairs.select { |start, bitmap|
@@ -153,29 +166,32 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttributeManager
     tags = "[#{tags.join("")}](?!#{PROTECT_ATTR})"
     all_tags = "[#{@matching_word_pairs.keys.join("")}](?!#{PROTECT_ATTR})"
 
-    re = /(^|\W|#{all_tags})(#{tags})(\2*[#\\]?[\w:#{PROTECT_ATTR}.\/\[\]-]+?\S?)\2(?!\2)(#{all_tags}|\W|$)/
+    re = /(?:^|\W|#{all_tags})\K(#{tags})(\1*[#\\]?[\w:#{PROTECT_ATTR}.\/\[\]-]+?\S?)\1(?!\1)(?=#{all_tags}|\W|$)/
 
     1 while str.gsub!(re) { |orig|
-      attr = @matching_word_pairs[$2]
-      attr_updated = attrs.set_attrs($`.length + $1.length + $2.length, $3.length, attr)
-      if attr_updated
-        $1 + NULL * $2.length + $3 + NULL * $2.length + $4
+      a, w = (m = $~).values_at(1, 2)
+      attr = @matching_word_pairs[a]
+      if attrs.set_attrs(m.begin(2), w.length, attr)
+        a = NULL * a.length
       else
-        $1 + NON_PRINTING_START + $2 + NON_PRINTING_END + $3 + NON_PRINTING_START + $2 + NON_PRINTING_END + $4
+        a = NON_PRINTING_START + a + NON_PRINTING_END
       end
+      a + w + a
     }
     str.delete!(NON_PRINTING_START + NON_PRINTING_END)
   end
 
+  # :nodoc:
   def convert_attrs_word_pair_map(str, attrs, exclusive)
     # then non-matching
     unless @word_pair_map.empty? then
       @word_pair_map.each do |regexp, attr|
         next unless exclusive == exclusive?(attr)
         1 while str.gsub!(regexp) { |orig|
-          updated = attrs.set_attrs($`.length + $1.length, $2.length, attr)
+          w = (m = ($~))[2]
+          updated = attrs.set_attrs(m.begin(2), w.length, attr)
           if updated
-            NULL * $1.length + $2 + NULL * $3.length
+            NULL * m.match_length(1) + w + NULL * m.match_length(3)
           else
             orig
           end
@@ -194,9 +210,9 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttributeManager
 
     1 while str.gsub!(/<(#{tags})>(.*?)<\/\1>/i) { |orig|
       attr = @html_tags[$1.downcase]
-      html_length = $1.length + 2
+      html_length = $~.match_length(1) + 2 # "<>".length
       seq = NULL * html_length
-      attrs.set_attrs($`.length + html_length, $2.length, attr)
+      attrs.set_attrs($~.begin(2), $~.match_length(2), attr)
       seq + $2 + seq + NULL
     }
   end
@@ -387,4 +403,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::AttributeManager
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/attributes.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/attributes.rb
index ce014ce928..d9d18b3059 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/attributes.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/attributes.rb
@@ -68,4 +68,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Attributes
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/blank_line.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/blank_line.rb
index 3129ab5e7f..f63ae9479c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/blank_line.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/blank_line.rb
@@ -25,4 +25,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::BlankLine
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/block_quote.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/block_quote.rb
index 7a4b3e36b0..d9fcbf213c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/block_quote.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/block_quote.rb
@@ -12,4 +12,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::BlockQuote < RDoc::Markup::Raw
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/document.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/document.rb
index f3a5de1fc3..94cf6a3666 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/document.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/document.rb
@@ -162,4 +162,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Document
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb
index 2bac76e838..9daffaabb8 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Formatter
 
   def add_regexp_handling_TIDYLINK
     @markup.add_regexp_handling(/(?:
-                                  \{.*?\} |    # multi-word label
+                                  \{[^{}]*\} | # multi-word label
                                   \b[^\s{}]+? # single-word label
                                  )
 
@@ -263,4 +263,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/hard_break.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/hard_break.rb
index 046068d5c2..de1819c903 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/hard_break.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/hard_break.rb
@@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::HardBreak
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb
index 93a3a52000..02476e5226 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb
@@ -76,4 +76,3 @@ RDoc::Markup::Heading =
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/include.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/include.rb
index ad7c4a9640..2bf63526b2 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/include.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/include.rb
@@ -40,4 +40,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Include
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/indented_paragraph.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/indented_paragraph.rb
index d42b2e52b8..992cd7cf81 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/indented_paragraph.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/indented_paragraph.rb
@@ -45,4 +45,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::IndentedParagraph < RDoc::Markup::Raw
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/list.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/list.rb
index 05c3609202..112b7a1a86 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/list.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/list.rb
@@ -99,4 +99,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::List
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/list_item.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/list_item.rb
index d22554ee73..0b8326a69f 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/list_item.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/list_item.rb
@@ -97,4 +97,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ListItem
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/paragraph.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/paragraph.rb
index a2e45ef009..21dfda007a 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/paragraph.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/paragraph.rb
@@ -26,4 +26,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Paragraph < RDoc::Markup::Raw
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/parser.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/parser.rb
index 0029df7e65..9c77048591 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/parser.rb
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Parser
 
         break if peek_token.first == :BREAK
 
-        data << ' ' if skip :NEWLINE
+        data << ' ' if skip :NEWLINE and /#{SPACE_SEPARATED_LETTER_CLASS}\z/o.match?(data)
       else
         unget
         break
@@ -420,6 +420,8 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Parser
   # A simple wrapper of StringScanner that is aware of the current column and lineno
 
   class MyStringScanner
+    # :stopdoc:
+
     def initialize(input)
       @line = @column = 0
       @s = StringScanner.new input
@@ -456,6 +458,8 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Parser
     def [](i)
       @s[i]
     end
+
+    #:startdoc:
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/raw.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/raw.rb
index 85e2c8b825..a7c1c210a6 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/raw.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/raw.rb
@@ -67,4 +67,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Raw
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/regexp_handling.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/regexp_handling.rb
index 6ed868c2c1..c471fe73c7 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/regexp_handling.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/regexp_handling.rb
@@ -38,4 +38,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::RegexpHandling
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/rule.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/rule.rb
index 38c1dc7f56..448148d6d1 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/rule.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/rule.rb
@@ -18,4 +18,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Rule < Struct.new :weight
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/table.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/table.rb
index 7bcb10aff3..27a20f073a 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/table.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/table.rb
@@ -3,12 +3,21 @@
 # A section of table
 
 class RDoc::Markup::Table
-  attr_accessor :header, :align, :body
+  # headers of each column
+  attr_accessor :header
 
+  # alignments of each column
+  attr_accessor :align
+
+  # body texts of each column
+  attr_accessor :body
+
+  # Creates new instance
   def initialize header, align, body
     @header, @align, @body = header, align, body
   end
 
+  # :stopdoc:
   def == other
     self.class == other.class and
       @header == other.header and
@@ -20,7 +29,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Table
     visitor.accept_table @header, @body, @align
   end
 
-  def pretty_print q # :nodoc:
+  def pretty_print q
     q.group 2, '[Table: ', ']' do
       q.group 2, '[Head: ', ']' do
         q.seplist @header.zip(@align) do |text, align|
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb
index 6cc3b70e93..c3eacab21a 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb
@@ -91,4 +91,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToAnsi < RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb
index 2bfabc8942..91cadf9d16 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   #
   # These methods are used by regexp handling markup added by RDoc::Markup#add_regexp_handling.
 
+  # :nodoc:
   URL_CHARACTERS_REGEXP_STR = /[A-Za-z0-9\-._~:\/\?#\[\]@!$&'\(\)*+,;%=]/.source
 
   ##
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   def handle_RDOCLINK url # :nodoc:
     case url
     when /^rdoc-ref:/
-      $'
+      CGI.escapeHTML($')
     when /^rdoc-label:/
       text = $'
 
@@ -95,13 +96,11 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
              else                    text
              end
 
-      gen_url url, text
+      gen_url CGI.escapeHTML(url), CGI.escapeHTML(text)
     when /^rdoc-image:/
-      "<img src=\"#{$'}\">"
-    else
-      url =~ /\Ardoc-[a-z]+:/
-
-      $'
+      %[<img src=\"#{CGI.escapeHTML($')}\">]
+    when /\Ardoc-[a-z]+:/
+      CGI.escapeHTML($')
     end
   end
 
@@ -125,7 +124,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   #   Reference to a local file relative to the output directory.
 
   def handle_regexp_HYPERLINK(target)
-    url = target.text
+    url = CGI.escapeHTML(target.text)
 
     gen_url url, url
   end
@@ -154,9 +153,13 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
       text =~ /^\{(.*)\}\[(.*?)\]$/ or text =~ /^(\S+)\[(.*?)\]$/
 
     label = $1
-    url   = $2
+    url   = CGI.escapeHTML($2)
 
-    label = handle_RDOCLINK label if /^rdoc-image:/ =~ label
+    if /^rdoc-image:/ =~ label
+      label = handle_RDOCLINK(label)
+    else
+      label = CGI.escapeHTML(label)
+    end
 
     gen_url url, label
   end
@@ -200,7 +203,9 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   def accept_paragraph paragraph
     @res << "\n<p>"
     text = paragraph.text @hard_break
-    text = text.gsub(/\r?\n/, ' ')
+    text = text.gsub(/(#{SPACE_SEPARATED_LETTER_CLASS})?\K\r?\n(?=(?(1)(#{SPACE_SEPARATED_LETTER_CLASS})?))/o) {
+      defined?($2) && ' '
+    }
     @res << to_html(text)
     @res << "</p>\n"
   end
@@ -324,7 +329,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
     header.zip(aligns) do |text, align|
       @res << '<th'
       @res << ' align="' << align << '"' if align
-      @res << '>' << CGI.escapeHTML(text) << "</th>\n"
+      @res << '>' << to_html(text) << "</th>\n"
     end
     @res << "</tr>\n</thead>\n<tbody>\n"
     body.each do |row|
@@ -332,7 +337,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
       row.zip(aligns) do |text, align|
         @res << '<td'
         @res << ' align="' << align << '"' if align
-        @res << '>' << CGI.escapeHTML(text) << "</td>\n"
+        @res << '>' << to_html(text) << "</td>\n"
       end
       @res << "</tr>\n"
     end
@@ -428,7 +433,9 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
 
   def parseable? text
     verbose, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
-    eval("BEGIN {return true}\n#{text}")
+    catch(:valid) do
+      eval("BEGIN { throw :valid, true }\n#{text}")
+    end
   rescue SyntaxError
     false
   ensure
@@ -443,4 +450,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb
index a9fd09df41..01831461e3 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
     @cross_reference = RDoc::CrossReference.new @context
   end
 
+  # :nodoc:
   def init_link_notation_regexp_handlings
     add_regexp_handling_RDOCLINK
 
@@ -173,4 +174,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb
index 4eb36592b7..f471395a3a 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb
@@ -66,6 +66,9 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
 
   alias accept_rule ignore
 
+  ##
+  # Adds +paragraph+ to the output
+
   def accept_paragraph paragraph
     para = @in_list_entry.last || "<p>"
 
@@ -282,4 +285,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb
index 46e07c94ad..31cbe0853c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToJoinedParagraph < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   def accept_paragraph paragraph
     parts = paragraph.parts.chunk do |part|
       String === part
-    end.map do |string, chunk|
+    end.flat_map do |string, chunk|
       string ? chunk.join.rstrip : chunk
-    end.flatten
+    end
 
     paragraph.parts.replace parts
   end
@@ -44,4 +44,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToJoinedParagraph < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   alias accept_table           ignore
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb
index aa1dbcf2a1..cf808364e9 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb
@@ -72,4 +72,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToLabel < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   alias start_accepting           ignore
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb
index 3ee48becb0..5dd60e18f5 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb
@@ -189,4 +189,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToMarkdown < RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb
index 3cdf4fd08b..6929049582 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb
@@ -330,33 +330,15 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
 
     text_len = 20 if text_len < 20
 
-    re = /^(.{0,#{text_len}})[ \n]/
     next_prefix = ' ' * @indent
 
     prefix = @prefix || next_prefix
     @prefix = nil
 
-    @res << prefix
-
-    while text.length > text_len
-      if text =~ re then
-        @res << $1
-        text.slice!(0, $&.length)
-      else
-        @res << text.slice!(0, text_len)
-      end
-
-      @res << "\n" << next_prefix
-    end
-
-    if text.empty? then
-      @res.pop
-      @res.pop
-    else
-      @res << text
-      @res << "\n"
+    text.scan(/\G(?:([^ \n]{#{text_len}})(?=[^ \n])|(.{1,#{text_len}})(?:[ \n]|\z))/) do
+      @res << prefix << ($1 || $2) << "\n"
+      prefix = next_prefix
     end
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb
index eb8e8faa16..e5b8225ba3 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb
@@ -86,4 +86,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToTableOfContents < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   # :startdoc:
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_test.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_test.rb
index 61d3cffaf0..30113da561 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_test.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_test.rb
@@ -67,4 +67,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToTest < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   # :startdoc:
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb
index 9235d33f04..9ac14ed235 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb
@@ -118,4 +118,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToTtOnly < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/verbatim.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/verbatim.rb
index 7f1bc29a09..f51c2cfa14 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/verbatim.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/verbatim.rb
@@ -81,4 +81,3 @@ class RDoc::Markup::Verbatim < RDoc::Markup::Raw
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/meta_method.rb b/lib/rdoc/meta_method.rb
index 7927a9ce9c..8c95a0f78c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/meta_method.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/meta_method.rb
@@ -4,4 +4,3 @@
 
 class RDoc::MetaMethod < RDoc::AnyMethod
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/method_attr.rb b/lib/rdoc/method_attr.rb
index aae3c47e85..61ddb32f46 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/method_attr.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/method_attr.rb
@@ -416,4 +416,3 @@ class RDoc::MethodAttr < RDoc::CodeObject
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/mixin.rb b/lib/rdoc/mixin.rb
index 379d7cc526..fa8faefc15 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/mixin.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/mixin.rb
@@ -118,4 +118,3 @@ class RDoc::Mixin < RDoc::CodeObject
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/normal_class.rb b/lib/rdoc/normal_class.rb
index 68dfa7d4a3..aa340b5d15 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/normal_class.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/normal_class.rb
@@ -90,4 +90,3 @@ class RDoc::NormalClass < RDoc::ClassModule
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/normal_module.rb b/lib/rdoc/normal_module.rb
index edf29f8f1c..498ec4dde2 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/normal_module.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/normal_module.rb
@@ -71,4 +71,3 @@ class RDoc::NormalModule < RDoc::ClassModule
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/options.rb b/lib/rdoc/options.rb
index 55994c9dcc..6ee29fd071 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/options.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/options.rb
@@ -339,6 +339,10 @@ class RDoc::Options
 
   attr_reader :visibility
 
+  ##
+  # Indicates if files of test suites should be skipped
+  attr_accessor :skip_tests
+
   def initialize loaded_options = nil # :nodoc:
     init_ivars
     override loaded_options if loaded_options
@@ -386,6 +390,7 @@ class RDoc::Options
     @write_options = false
     @encoding = Encoding::UTF_8
     @charset = @encoding.name
+    @skip_tests = true
   end
 
   def init_with map # :nodoc:
@@ -560,9 +565,10 @@ class RDoc::Options
 
     @op_dir ||= 'doc'
 
-    @rdoc_include << "." if @rdoc_include.empty?
     root = @root.to_s
-    @rdoc_include << root unless @rdoc_include.include?(root)
+    if @rdoc_include.empty? || !@rdoc_include.include?(root)
+      @rdoc_include << root
+    end
 
     @exclude = self.exclude
 
@@ -778,6 +784,13 @@ Usage: #{opt.program_name} [options] [names...]
 
       opt.separator nil
 
+      opt.on("--no-skipping-tests", nil,
+             "Don't skip generating documentation for test and spec files") do |value|
+        @skip_tests = false
+      end
+
+      opt.separator nil
+
       opt.on("--extension=NEW=OLD", "-E",
              "Treat files ending with .new as if they",
              "ended with .old. Using '-E cgi=rb' will",
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser.rb
index 7006265b63..3bb6f5d1f2 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser.rb
@@ -266,6 +266,23 @@ class RDoc::Parser
   autoload :RubyTools, "#{__dir__}/parser/ruby_tools"
   autoload :Text,      "#{__dir__}/parser/text"
 
+  ##
+  # Normalizes tabs in +body+
+
+  def handle_tab_width(body)
+    if /\t/ =~ body
+      tab_width = @options.tab_width
+      body.split(/\n/).map do |line|
+        1 while line.gsub!(/\t+/) do
+          b, e = $~.offset(0)
+          ' ' * (tab_width * (e-b) - b % tab_width)
+        end
+        line
+      end.join "\n"
+    else
+      body
+    end
+  end
 end
 
 # simple must come first in order to show up last in the parsers list
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/c.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/c.rb
index a03e4663e4..d668507dc2 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/c.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/c.rb
@@ -575,19 +575,18 @@ class RDoc::Parser::C < RDoc::Parser
     table = {}
     file_content.scan(%r{
       ((?>/\*.*?\*/\s*)?)
-      ((?:(?:\w+)\s+)?
-        (?:intern\s+)?VALUE\s+(\w+)
-        \s*(?:\([^)]*\))(?:[^\);]|$))
+      ((?:\w+\s+){0,2} VALUE\s+(\w+)
+        \s*(?:\([^\)]*\))(?:[^\);]|$))
     | ((?>/\*.*?\*/\s*))^\s*(\#\s*define\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+))
     | ^\s*\#\s*define\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+)
     }xm) do
       case
-      when $1
-        table[$3] = [:func_def, $1, $2, $~.offset(2)] if !table[$3] || table[$3][0] != :func_def
-      when $4
-        table[$6] = [:macro_def, $4, $5, $~.offset(5), $7] if !table[$6] || table[$6][0] == :macro_alias
-      when $8
-        table[$8] ||= [:macro_alias, $9]
+      when name = $3
+        table[name] = [:func_def, $1, $2, $~.offset(2)] if !(t = table[name]) || t[0] != :func_def
+      when name = $6
+        table[name] = [:macro_def, $4, $5, $~.offset(5), $7] if !(t = table[name]) || t[0] == :macro_alias
+      when name = $8
+        table[name] ||= [:macro_alias, $9]
       end
     end
     table
@@ -939,14 +938,13 @@ class RDoc::Parser::C < RDoc::Parser
     # "/* definition: comment */" form.  The literal ':' and '\' characters
     # can be escaped with a backslash.
     if type.downcase == 'const' then
-      no_match, new_definition, new_comment = comment.text.split(/(\A.*):/)
+      if /\A(.+?)?:(?!\S)/ =~ comment.text
+        new_definition, new_comment = $1, $'
 
-      if no_match and no_match.empty? then
-        if new_definition.empty? then # Default to literal C definition
+        if !new_definition # Default to literal C definition
           new_definition = definition
         else
-          new_definition = new_definition.gsub("\:", ":")
-          new_definition = new_definition.gsub("\\", '\\')
+          new_definition = new_definition.gsub(/\\([\\:])/, '\1')
         end
 
         new_definition.sub!(/\A(\s+)/, '')
@@ -1058,23 +1056,6 @@ class RDoc::Parser::C < RDoc::Parser
   end
 
   ##
-  # Normalizes tabs in +body+
-
-  def handle_tab_width(body)
-    if /\t/ =~ body
-      tab_width = @options.tab_width
-      body.split(/\n/).map do |line|
-        1 while line.gsub!(/\t+/) do
-          ' ' * (tab_width * $&.length - $`.length % tab_width)
-        end && $~
-        line
-      end.join "\n"
-    else
-      body
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
   # Loads the variable map with the given +name+ from the RDoc::Store, if
   # present.
 
@@ -1234,6 +1215,9 @@ class RDoc::Parser::C < RDoc::Parser
     @top_level
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Creates a RDoc::Comment instance.
+
   def new_comment text = nil, location = nil, language = nil
     RDoc::Comment.new(text, location, language).tap do |comment|
       comment.format = @markup
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/changelog.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/changelog.rb
index 9245d49376..a046241870 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/changelog.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/changelog.rb
@@ -216,12 +216,22 @@ class RDoc::Parser::ChangeLog < RDoc::Parser
     @top_level
   end
 
+  ##
+  # The extension for Git commit log
+
   module Git
+    ##
+    # Parses auxiliary info.  Currentry `base-url` to expand
+    # references is effective.
+
     def parse_info(info)
       /^\s*base-url\s*=\s*(.*\S)/ =~ info
       @base_url = $1
     end
 
+    ##
+    # Parses the entries in the Git commit logs
+
     def parse_entries
       entries = []
 
@@ -244,6 +254,11 @@ class RDoc::Parser::ChangeLog < RDoc::Parser
       entries
     end
 
+    ##
+    # Returns a list of ChangeLog entries as
+    # RDoc::Parser::ChangeLog::Git::LogEntry list for the given
+    # +entries+.
+
     def create_entries entries
       # git log entries have no strictly itemized style like the old
       # style, just assume Markdown.
@@ -332,4 +347,3 @@ class RDoc::Parser::ChangeLog < RDoc::Parser
     end
   end
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/markdown.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/markdown.rb
index 9ff478f872..3c316227b9 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/markdown.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/markdown.rb
@@ -20,5 +20,3 @@ class RDoc::Parser::Markdown < RDoc::Parser
   end
 
 end
-
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/rd.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/rd.rb
index 25f5711731..19e47e549d 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/rd.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/rd.rb
@@ -20,4 +20,3 @@ class RDoc::Parser::RD < RDoc::Parser
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/ripper_state_lex.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/ripper_state_lex.rb
index 5492f08726..f6cefd0305 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/ripper_state_lex.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/ripper_state_lex.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'ripper'
 
+##
+# Wrapper for Ripper lex states
+
 class RDoc::Parser::RipperStateLex
+  # :stopdoc:
+
   # TODO: Remove this constants after Ruby 2.4 EOL
   RIPPER_HAS_LEX_STATE = Ripper::Filter.method_defined?(:state)
 
@@ -368,7 +373,7 @@ class RDoc::Parser::RipperStateLex
   private def get_symbol_tk(tk)
     is_symbol = true
     symbol_tk = Token.new(tk.line_no, tk.char_no, :on_symbol)
-    if ":'" == tk[:text] or ':"' == tk[:text]
+    if ":'" == tk[:text] or ':"' == tk[:text] or tk[:text].start_with?('%s')
       tk1 = get_string_tk(tk)
       symbol_tk[:text] = tk1[:text]
       symbol_tk[:state] = tk1[:state]
@@ -565,6 +570,9 @@ class RDoc::Parser::RipperStateLex
     tk
   end
 
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # New lexer for +code+.
   def initialize(code)
     @buf = []
     @heredoc_queue = []
@@ -572,6 +580,7 @@ class RDoc::Parser::RipperStateLex
     @tokens = @inner_lex.parse([])
   end
 
+  # Returns tokens parsed from +code+.
   def self.parse(code)
     lex = self.new(code)
     tokens = []
@@ -584,6 +593,7 @@ class RDoc::Parser::RipperStateLex
     tokens
   end
 
+  # Returns +true+ if lex state will be +END+ after +token+.
   def self.end?(token)
     (token[:state] & EXPR_END)
   end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby.rb
index 3c5f79632c..39c3bae4c4 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby.rb
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
 #       by Keiju ISHITSUKA (Nippon Rational Inc.)
 #
 
+require 'ripper'
+require_relative 'ripper_state_lex'
+
 ##
 # Extracts code elements from a source file returning a TopLevel object
 # containing the constituent file elements.
@@ -138,9 +141,6 @@
 # Note that by default, the :method: directive will be ignored if there is a
 # standard rdocable item following it.
 
-require 'ripper'
-require_relative 'ripper_state_lex'
-
 class RDoc::Parser::Ruby < RDoc::Parser
 
   parse_files_matching(/\.rbw?$/)
@@ -164,15 +164,7 @@ class RDoc::Parser::Ruby < RDoc::Parser
   def initialize(top_level, file_name, content, options, stats)
     super
 
-    if /\t/ =~ content then
-      tab_width = @options.tab_width
-      content = content.split(/\n/).map do |line|
-        1 while line.gsub!(/\t+/) {
-          ' ' * (tab_width*$&.length - $`.length % tab_width)
-        }  && $~
-        line
-      end.join("\n")
-    end
+    content = handle_tab_width(content)
 
     @size = 0
     @token_listeners = nil
@@ -188,6 +180,9 @@ class RDoc::Parser::Ruby < RDoc::Parser
     reset
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Return +true+ if +tk+ is a newline.
+
   def tk_nl?(tk)
     :on_nl == tk[:kind] or :on_ignored_nl == tk[:kind]
   end
@@ -2142,7 +2137,7 @@ class RDoc::Parser::Ruby < RDoc::Parser
       if :on_nl == tk[:kind] or (:on_kw == tk[:kind] && 'def' == tk[:text]) then
         return
       elsif :on_comment == tk[:kind] or :on_embdoc == tk[:kind] then
-        return unless tk[:text] =~ /\s*:?([\w-]+):\s*(.*)/
+        return unless tk[:text] =~ /:?\b([\w-]+):\s*(.*)/
 
         directive = $1.downcase
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby_tools.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby_tools.rb
index 681d7166ce..40ea517c4d 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby_tools.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby_tools.rb
@@ -163,5 +163,3 @@ module RDoc::Parser::RubyTools
   end
 
 end
-
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/parser/text.rb b/lib/rdoc/parser/text.rb
index 01de0cc595..5095d8cc64 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/parser/text.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/parser/text.rb
@@ -9,4 +9,3 @@
 
 module RDoc::Parser::Text
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/rd/block_parser.rb b/lib/rdoc/rd/block_parser.rb
index eb7d46925b..527147d91d 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/rd/block_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/rd/block_parser.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,659 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 #
 # DO NOT MODIFY!!!!
-# This file is automatically generated by Racc 1.6.0
-# from Racc grammar file "".
+# This file is automatically generated by Racc 1.7.3
+# from Racc grammar file "block_parser.ry".
 #
 
-require 'racc/parser.rb'
+###### racc/parser.rb begin
+unless $".find {|p| p.end_with?('/racc/parser.rb')}
+$".push "#{__dir__}/racc/parser.rb"
+#--
+# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
+#
+# This program is free software.
+# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
+#
+# As a special exception, when this code is copied by Racc
+# into a Racc output file, you may use that output file
+# without restriction.
+#++
+
+unless $".find {|p| p.end_with?('/racc/info.rb')}
+$".push "#{__dir__}/racc/info.rb"
+
+module Racc
+  VERSION   = '1.7.3'
+  Version = VERSION
+  Copyright = 'Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki'
+end
+
+end
+
+
+unless defined?(NotImplementedError)
+  NotImplementedError = NotImplementError # :nodoc:
+end
+
+module Racc
+  class ParseError < StandardError; end
+end
+unless defined?(::ParseError)
+  ParseError = Racc::ParseError # :nodoc:
+end
+
+# Racc is a LALR(1) parser generator.
+# It is written in Ruby itself, and generates Ruby programs.
+#
+# == Command-line Reference
+#
+#     racc [-o<var>filename</var>] [--output-file=<var>filename</var>]
+#          [-e<var>rubypath</var>] [--executable=<var>rubypath</var>]
+#          [-v] [--verbose]
+#          [-O<var>filename</var>] [--log-file=<var>filename</var>]
+#          [-g] [--debug]
+#          [-E] [--embedded]
+#          [-l] [--no-line-convert]
+#          [-c] [--line-convert-all]
+#          [-a] [--no-omit-actions]
+#          [-C] [--check-only]
+#          [-S] [--output-status]
+#          [--version] [--copyright] [--help] <var>grammarfile</var>
+#
+# [+grammarfile+]
+#   Racc grammar file. Any extension is permitted.
+# [-o+outfile+, --output-file=+outfile+]
+#   A filename for output. default is <+filename+>.tab.rb
+# [-O+filename+, --log-file=+filename+]
+#   Place logging output in file +filename+.
+#   Default log file name is <+filename+>.output.
+# [-e+rubypath+, --executable=+rubypath+]
+#   output executable file(mode 755). where +path+ is the Ruby interpreter.
+# [-v, --verbose]
+#   verbose mode. create +filename+.output file, like yacc's y.output file.
+# [-g, --debug]
+#   add debug code to parser class. To display debugging information,
+#   use this '-g' option and set @yydebug true in parser class.
+# [-E, --embedded]
+#   Output parser which doesn't need runtime files (racc/parser.rb).
+# [-F, --frozen]
+#   Output parser which declares frozen_string_literals: true
+# [-C, --check-only]
+#   Check syntax of racc grammar file and quit.
+# [-S, --output-status]
+#   Print messages time to time while compiling.
+# [-l, --no-line-convert]
+#   turns off line number converting.
+# [-c, --line-convert-all]
+#   Convert line number of actions, inner, header and footer.
+# [-a, --no-omit-actions]
+#   Call all actions, even if an action is empty.
+# [--version]
+#   print Racc version and quit.
+# [--copyright]
+#   Print copyright and quit.
+# [--help]
+#   Print usage and quit.
+#
+# == Generating Parser Using Racc
+#
+# To compile Racc grammar file, simply type:
+#
+#   $ racc parse.y
+#
+# This creates Ruby script file "parse.tab.y". The -o option can change the output filename.
+#
+# == Writing A Racc Grammar File
+#
+# If you want your own parser, you have to write a grammar file.
+# A grammar file contains the name of your parser class, grammar for the parser,
+# user code, and anything else.
+# When writing a grammar file, yacc's knowledge is helpful.
+# If you have not used yacc before, Racc is not too difficult.
+#
+# Here's an example Racc grammar file.
+#
+#   class Calcparser
+#   rule
+#     target: exp { print val[0] }
+#
+#     exp: exp '+' exp
+#        | exp '*' exp
+#        | '(' exp ')'
+#        | NUMBER
+#   end
+#
+# Racc grammar files resemble yacc files.
+# But (of course), this is Ruby code.
+# yacc's $$ is the 'result', $0, $1... is
+# an array called 'val', and $-1, $-2... is an array called '_values'.
+#
+# See the {Grammar File Reference}[rdoc-ref:lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc] for
+# more information on grammar files.
+#
+# == Parser
+#
+# Then you must prepare the parse entry method. There are two types of
+# parse methods in Racc, Racc::Parser#do_parse and Racc::Parser#yyparse
+#
+# Racc::Parser#do_parse is simple.
+#
+# It's yyparse() of yacc, and Racc::Parser#next_token is yylex().
+# This method must returns an array like [TOKENSYMBOL, ITS_VALUE].
+# EOF is [false, false].
+# (TOKENSYMBOL is a Ruby symbol (taken from String#intern) by default.
+# If you want to change this, see the grammar reference.
+#
+# Racc::Parser#yyparse is little complicated, but useful.
+# It does not use Racc::Parser#next_token, instead it gets tokens from any iterator.
+#
+# For example, <code>yyparse(obj, :scan)</code> causes
+# calling +obj#scan+, and you can return tokens by yielding them from +obj#scan+.
+#
+# == Debugging
+#
+# When debugging, "-v" or/and the "-g" option is helpful.
+#
+# "-v" creates verbose log file (.output).
+# "-g" creates a "Verbose Parser".
+# Verbose Parser prints the internal status when parsing.
+# But it's _not_ automatic.
+# You must use -g option and set +@yydebug+ to +true+ in order to get output.
+# -g option only creates the verbose parser.
+#
+# === Racc reported syntax error.
+#
+# Isn't there too many "end"?
+# grammar of racc file is changed in v0.10.
+#
+# Racc does not use '%' mark, while yacc uses huge number of '%' marks..
+#
+# === Racc reported "XXXX conflicts".
+#
+# Try "racc -v xxxx.y".
+# It causes producing racc's internal log file, xxxx.output.
+#
+# === Generated parsers does not work correctly
+#
+# Try "racc -g xxxx.y".
+# This command let racc generate "debugging parser".
+# Then set @yydebug=true in your parser.
+# It produces a working log of your parser.
+#
+# == Re-distributing Racc runtime
+#
+# A parser, which is created by Racc, requires the Racc runtime module;
+# racc/parser.rb.
+#
+# Ruby 1.8.x comes with Racc runtime module,
+# you need NOT distribute Racc runtime files.
+#
+# If you want to include the Racc runtime module with your parser.
+# This can be done by using '-E' option:
+#
+#   $ racc -E -omyparser.rb myparser.y
+#
+# This command creates myparser.rb which `includes' Racc runtime.
+# Only you must do is to distribute your parser file (myparser.rb).
+#
+# Note: parser.rb is ruby license, but your parser is not.
+# Your own parser is completely yours.
+module Racc
+
+  unless defined?(Racc_No_Extensions)
+    Racc_No_Extensions = false # :nodoc:
+  end
+
+  class Parser
+
+    Racc_Runtime_Version = ::Racc::VERSION
+    Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R = ::Racc::VERSION
+
+    begin
+      if Object.const_defined?(:RUBY_ENGINE) and RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+        require 'jruby'
+        require 'racc/cparse-jruby.jar'
+        com.headius.racc.Cparse.new.load(JRuby.runtime, false)
+      else
+        require 'racc/cparse'
+      end
+
+      unless new.respond_to?(:_racc_do_parse_c, true)
+        raise LoadError, 'old cparse.so'
+      end
+      if Racc_No_Extensions
+        raise LoadError, 'selecting ruby version of racc runtime core'
+      end
+
+      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_c # :nodoc:
+      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_c # :nodoc:
+      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_C # :nodoc:
+      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'c' # :nodoc:
+    rescue LoadError
+      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_rb
+      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_rb
+      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R
+      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'ruby'
+    end
+
+    def Parser.racc_runtime_type # :nodoc:
+      Racc_Runtime_Type
+    end
+
+    def _racc_setup
+      @yydebug = false unless self.class::Racc_debug_parser
+      @yydebug = false unless defined?(@yydebug)
+      if @yydebug
+        @racc_debug_out = $stderr unless defined?(@racc_debug_out)
+        @racc_debug_out ||= $stderr
+      end
+      arg = self.class::Racc_arg
+      arg[13] = true if arg.size < 14
+      arg
+    end
+
+    def _racc_init_sysvars
+      @racc_state  = [0]
+      @racc_tstack = []
+      @racc_vstack = []
+
+      @racc_t = nil
+      @racc_val = nil
+
+      @racc_read_next = true
+
+      @racc_user_yyerror = false
+      @racc_error_status = 0
+    end
+
+    # The entry point of the parser. This method is used with #next_token.
+    # If Racc wants to get token (and its value), calls next_token.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #     def parse
+    #       @q = [[1,1],
+    #             [2,2],
+    #             [3,3],
+    #             [false, '$']]
+    #       do_parse
+    #     end
+    #
+    #     def next_token
+    #       @q.shift
+    #     end
+    class_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+    def do_parse
+      #{Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine}(_racc_setup(), false)
+    end
+    RUBY
+
+    # The method to fetch next token.
+    # If you use #do_parse method, you must implement #next_token.
+    #
+    # The format of return value is [TOKEN_SYMBOL, VALUE].
+    # +token-symbol+ is represented by Ruby's symbol by default, e.g. :IDENT
+    # for 'IDENT'.  ";" (String) for ';'.
+    #
+    # The final symbol (End of file) must be false.
+    def next_token
+      raise NotImplementedError, "#{self.class}\#next_token is not defined"
+    end
+
+    def _racc_do_parse_rb(arg, in_debug)
+      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
+      _,            _,            _,              _,
+      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
+
+      _racc_init_sysvars
+      tok = act = i = nil
+
+      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
+        while true
+          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
+            if @racc_read_next
+              if @racc_t != 0   # not EOF
+                tok, @racc_val = next_token()
+                unless tok      # EOF
+                  @racc_t = 0
+                else
+                  @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
+                end
+                racc_read_token(@racc_t, tok, @racc_val) if @yydebug
+                @racc_read_next = false
+              end
+            end
+            i += @racc_t
+            unless i >= 0 and
+                   act = action_table[i] and
+                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+            end
+          else
+            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+          end
+          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+            ;
+          end
+        end
+      }
+    end
+
+    # Another entry point for the parser.
+    # If you use this method, you must implement RECEIVER#METHOD_ID method.
+    #
+    # RECEIVER#METHOD_ID is a method to get next token.
+    # It must 'yield' the token, which format is [TOKEN-SYMBOL, VALUE].
+    class_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+    def yyparse(recv, mid)
+      #{Racc_YY_Parse_Method}(recv, mid, _racc_setup(), false)
+    end
+    RUBY
+
+    def _racc_yyparse_rb(recv, mid, arg, c_debug)
+      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
+      _,            _,            _,              _,
+      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
+
+      _racc_init_sysvars
+
+      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
+        until i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
+          while act = _racc_evalact(action_default[@racc_state[-1]], arg)
+            ;
+          end
+        end
+        recv.__send__(mid) do |tok, val|
+          unless tok
+            @racc_t = 0
+          else
+            @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
+          end
+          @racc_val = val
+          @racc_read_next = false
+
+          i += @racc_t
+          unless i >= 0 and
+                 act = action_table[i] and
+                 action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+          end
+          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+            ;
+          end
+
+          while !(i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]) ||
+                ! @racc_read_next ||
+                @racc_t == 0  # $
+            unless i and i += @racc_t and
+                   i >= 0 and
+                   act = action_table[i] and
+                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+            end
+            while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+              ;
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      }
+    end
+
+    ###
+    ### common
+    ###
+
+    def _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+      action_table, action_check, _, action_pointer,
+      _,            _,            _, _,
+      _,            _,            _, shift_n,
+      reduce_n,     * = arg
+      nerr = 0   # tmp
+
+      if act > 0 and act < shift_n
+        #
+        # shift
+        #
+        if @racc_error_status > 0
+          @racc_error_status -= 1 unless @racc_t <= 1 # error token or EOF
+        end
+        @racc_vstack.push @racc_val
+        @racc_state.push act
+        @racc_read_next = true
+        if @yydebug
+          @racc_tstack.push @racc_t
+          racc_shift @racc_t, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
+        end
+
+      elsif act < 0 and act > -reduce_n
+        #
+        # reduce
+        #
+        code = catch(:racc_jump) {
+          @racc_state.push _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
+          false
+        }
+        if code
+          case code
+          when 1 # yyerror
+            @racc_user_yyerror = true   # user_yyerror
+            return -reduce_n
+          when 2 # yyaccept
+            return shift_n
+          else
+            raise '[Racc Bug] unknown jump code'
+          end
+        end
+
+      elsif act == shift_n
+        #
+        # accept
+        #
+        racc_accept if @yydebug
+        throw :racc_end_parse, @racc_vstack[0]
+
+      elsif act == -reduce_n
+        #
+        # error
+        #
+        case @racc_error_status
+        when 0
+          unless arg[21]    # user_yyerror
+            nerr += 1
+            on_error @racc_t, @racc_val, @racc_vstack
+          end
+        when 3
+          if @racc_t == 0   # is $
+            # We're at EOF, and another error occurred immediately after
+            # attempting auto-recovery
+            throw :racc_end_parse, nil
+          end
+          @racc_read_next = true
+        end
+        @racc_user_yyerror = false
+        @racc_error_status = 3
+        while true
+          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
+            i += 1   # error token
+            if  i >= 0 and
+                (act = action_table[i]) and
+                action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+              break
+            end
+          end
+          throw :racc_end_parse, nil if @racc_state.size <= 1
+          @racc_state.pop
+          @racc_vstack.pop
+          if @yydebug
+            @racc_tstack.pop
+            racc_e_pop @racc_state, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
+          end
+        end
+        return act
+
+      else
+        raise "[Racc Bug] unknown action #{act.inspect}"
+      end
+
+      racc_next_state(@racc_state[-1], @racc_state) if @yydebug
+
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
+      _,          _,            _,            _,
+      goto_table, goto_check,   goto_default, goto_pointer,
+      nt_base,    reduce_table, _,            _,
+      _,          use_result,   * = arg
+
+      state = @racc_state
+      vstack = @racc_vstack
+      tstack = @racc_tstack
+
+      i = act * -3
+      len       = reduce_table[i]
+      reduce_to = reduce_table[i+1]
+      method_id = reduce_table[i+2]
+      void_array = []
+
+      tmp_t = tstack[-len, len] if @yydebug
+      tmp_v = vstack[-len, len]
+      tstack[-len, len] = void_array if @yydebug
+      vstack[-len, len] = void_array
+      state[-len, len]  = void_array
+
+      # tstack must be updated AFTER method call
+      if use_result
+        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack, tmp_v[0])
+      else
+        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack)
+      end
+      tstack.push reduce_to
+
+      racc_reduce(tmp_t, reduce_to, tstack, vstack) if @yydebug
+
+      k1 = reduce_to - nt_base
+      if i = goto_pointer[k1]
+        i += state[-1]
+        if i >= 0 and (curstate = goto_table[i]) and goto_check[i] == k1
+          return curstate
+        end
+      end
+      goto_default[k1]
+    end
+
+    # This method is called when a parse error is found.
+    #
+    # ERROR_TOKEN_ID is an internal ID of token which caused error.
+    # You can get string representation of this ID by calling
+    # #token_to_str.
+    #
+    # ERROR_VALUE is a value of error token.
+    #
+    # value_stack is a stack of symbol values.
+    # DO NOT MODIFY this object.
+    #
+    # This method raises ParseError by default.
+    #
+    # If this method returns, parsers enter "error recovering mode".
+    def on_error(t, val, vstack)
+      raise ParseError, sprintf("parse error on value %s (%s)",
+                                val.inspect, token_to_str(t) || '?')
+    end
+
+    # Enter error recovering mode.
+    # This method does not call #on_error.
+    def yyerror
+      throw :racc_jump, 1
+    end
+
+    # Exit parser.
+    # Return value is +Symbol_Value_Stack[0]+.
+    def yyaccept
+      throw :racc_jump, 2
+    end
+
+    # Leave error recovering mode.
+    def yyerrok
+      @racc_error_status = 0
+    end
+
+    # For debugging output
+    def racc_read_token(t, tok, val)
+      @racc_debug_out.print 'read    '
+      @racc_debug_out.print tok.inspect, '(', racc_token2str(t), ') '
+      @racc_debug_out.puts val.inspect
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_shift(tok, tstack, vstack)
+      @racc_debug_out.puts "shift   #{racc_token2str tok}"
+      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_reduce(toks, sim, tstack, vstack)
+      out = @racc_debug_out
+      out.print 'reduce '
+      if toks.empty?
+        out.print ' <none>'
+      else
+        toks.each {|t| out.print ' ', racc_token2str(t) }
+      end
+      out.puts " --> #{racc_token2str(sim)}"
+      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_accept
+      @racc_debug_out.puts 'accept'
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_e_pop(state, tstack, vstack)
+      @racc_debug_out.puts 'error recovering mode: pop token'
+      racc_print_states state
+      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_next_state(curstate, state)
+      @racc_debug_out.puts  "goto    #{curstate}"
+      racc_print_states state
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_print_stacks(t, v)
+      out = @racc_debug_out
+      out.print '        ['
+      t.each_index do |i|
+        out.print ' (', racc_token2str(t[i]), ' ', v[i].inspect, ')'
+      end
+      out.puts ' ]'
+    end
+
+    def racc_print_states(s)
+      out = @racc_debug_out
+      out.print '        ['
+      s.each {|st| out.print ' ', st }
+      out.puts ' ]'
+    end
+
+    def racc_token2str(tok)
+      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[tok] or
+          raise "[Racc Bug] can't convert token #{tok} to string"
+    end
+
+    # Convert internal ID of token symbol to the string.
+    def token_to_str(t)
+      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[t]
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end
+
+end
+###### racc/parser.rb end
 
 class RDoc::RD
 
@@ -18,8 +666,6 @@ class BlockParser < Racc::Parser
 
 # :stopdoc:
 
-TMPFILE = ["rdtmp", $$, 0]
-
 MARK_TO_LEVEL = {
   '='    => 1,
   '=='   => 2,
@@ -129,15 +775,19 @@ def next_token # :nodoc:
     # non-RD part begin
     when /^=begin\s+(\w+)/
       part = $1
+=begin # not imported to RDoc
       if @in_part # if in non-RD part
         @part_content.push(line)
       else
         @in_part = part if @tree.filter[part] # if filter exists
 #  p "BEGIN_PART: #{@in_part}" # DEBUG
       end
+=end
+      @in_part = part
     # non-RD part end
-    when /^=end/
+    when /^=end(?:$|[\s\0\C-d\C-z])/
       if @in_part # if in non-RD part
+=begin # not imported to RDoc
 #  p "END_PART: #{@in_part}" # DEBUG
         # make Part-in object
         part = RDoc::RD::Part.new(@part_content.join(""), @tree, "r")
@@ -148,20 +798,22 @@ def next_token # :nodoc:
         if @tree.filter[@in_part].mode == :rd # if output is RD formatted
           subtree = parse_subtree(part_out.to_a)
         else # if output is target formatted
-          basename = TMPFILE.join('.')
-          TMPFILE[-1] += 1
-          tmpfile = open(@tree.tmp_dir + "/" + basename + ".#{@in_part}", "w")
-          tmpfile.print(part_out)
-          tmpfile.close
+          basename = Tempfile.create(["rdtmp", ".#{@in_part}"], @tree.tmp_dir) do |tmpfile|
+            tmpfile.print(part_out)
+            File.basename(tmpfile.path)
+          end
           subtree = parse_subtree(["=begin\n", "<<< #{basename}\n", "=end\n"])
         end
         @in_part = nil
         return [:SUBTREE, subtree]
+=end
       end
     else
+=begin # not imported to RDoc
       if @in_part # if in non-RD part
         @part_content.push(line)
       end
+=end
     end
   end
 
@@ -356,7 +1008,7 @@ def get_included(file)
     file_name = File.join dir, file
 
     if File.exist? file_name then
-      included = IO.readlines file_name
+      included = File.readlines file_name
       break
     end
   end
@@ -620,6 +1272,7 @@ Racc_arg = [
   racc_shift_n,
   racc_reduce_n,
   racc_use_result_var ]
+Ractor.make_shareable(Racc_arg) if defined?(Ractor)
 
 Racc_token_to_s_table = [
   "$end",
@@ -670,6 +1323,7 @@ Racc_token_to_s_table = [
   "blocks_in_list",
   "block_in_list",
   "whitelines2" ]
+Ractor.make_shareable(Racc_token_to_s_table) if defined?(Ractor)
 
 Racc_debug_parser = false
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/rd/inline.rb b/lib/rdoc/rd/inline.rb
index e5cb545728..77d88b2860 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/rd/inline.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/rd/inline.rb
@@ -69,4 +69,3 @@ class RDoc::RD::Inline
   alias to_s rdoc # :nodoc:
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/rd/inline_parser.rb b/lib/rdoc/rd/inline_parser.rb
index c1da35a109..adacf64d5b 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/rd/inline_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/rd/inline_parser.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,659 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 #
 # DO NOT MODIFY!!!!
-# This file is automatically generated by Racc 1.6.0
-# from Racc grammar file "".
+# This file is automatically generated by Racc 1.7.3
+# from Racc grammar file "inline_parser.ry".
 #
 
-require 'racc/parser.rb'
+###### racc/parser.rb begin
+unless $".find {|p| p.end_with?('/racc/parser.rb')}
+$".push "#{__dir__}/racc/parser.rb"
+#--
+# Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki
+#
+# This program is free software.
+# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
+#
+# As a special exception, when this code is copied by Racc
+# into a Racc output file, you may use that output file
+# without restriction.
+#++
+
+unless $".find {|p| p.end_with?('/racc/info.rb')}
+$".push "#{__dir__}/racc/info.rb"
+
+module Racc
+  VERSION   = '1.7.3'
+  Version = VERSION
+  Copyright = 'Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Minero Aoki'
+end
+
+end
+
+
+unless defined?(NotImplementedError)
+  NotImplementedError = NotImplementError # :nodoc:
+end
+
+module Racc
+  class ParseError < StandardError; end
+end
+unless defined?(::ParseError)
+  ParseError = Racc::ParseError # :nodoc:
+end
+
+# Racc is a LALR(1) parser generator.
+# It is written in Ruby itself, and generates Ruby programs.
+#
+# == Command-line Reference
+#
+#     racc [-o<var>filename</var>] [--output-file=<var>filename</var>]
+#          [-e<var>rubypath</var>] [--executable=<var>rubypath</var>]
+#          [-v] [--verbose]
+#          [-O<var>filename</var>] [--log-file=<var>filename</var>]
+#          [-g] [--debug]
+#          [-E] [--embedded]
+#          [-l] [--no-line-convert]
+#          [-c] [--line-convert-all]
+#          [-a] [--no-omit-actions]
+#          [-C] [--check-only]
+#          [-S] [--output-status]
+#          [--version] [--copyright] [--help] <var>grammarfile</var>
+#
+# [+grammarfile+]
+#   Racc grammar file. Any extension is permitted.
+# [-o+outfile+, --output-file=+outfile+]
+#   A filename for output. default is <+filename+>.tab.rb
+# [-O+filename+, --log-file=+filename+]
+#   Place logging output in file +filename+.
+#   Default log file name is <+filename+>.output.
+# [-e+rubypath+, --executable=+rubypath+]
+#   output executable file(mode 755). where +path+ is the Ruby interpreter.
+# [-v, --verbose]
+#   verbose mode. create +filename+.output file, like yacc's y.output file.
+# [-g, --debug]
+#   add debug code to parser class. To display debugging information,
+#   use this '-g' option and set @yydebug true in parser class.
+# [-E, --embedded]
+#   Output parser which doesn't need runtime files (racc/parser.rb).
+# [-F, --frozen]
+#   Output parser which declares frozen_string_literals: true
+# [-C, --check-only]
+#   Check syntax of racc grammar file and quit.
+# [-S, --output-status]
+#   Print messages time to time while compiling.
+# [-l, --no-line-convert]
+#   turns off line number converting.
+# [-c, --line-convert-all]
+#   Convert line number of actions, inner, header and footer.
+# [-a, --no-omit-actions]
+#   Call all actions, even if an action is empty.
+# [--version]
+#   print Racc version and quit.
+# [--copyright]
+#   Print copyright and quit.
+# [--help]
+#   Print usage and quit.
+#
+# == Generating Parser Using Racc
+#
+# To compile Racc grammar file, simply type:
+#
+#   $ racc parse.y
+#
+# This creates Ruby script file "parse.tab.y". The -o option can change the output filename.
+#
+# == Writing A Racc Grammar File
+#
+# If you want your own parser, you have to write a grammar file.
+# A grammar file contains the name of your parser class, grammar for the parser,
+# user code, and anything else.
+# When writing a grammar file, yacc's knowledge is helpful.
+# If you have not used yacc before, Racc is not too difficult.
+#
+# Here's an example Racc grammar file.
+#
+#   class Calcparser
+#   rule
+#     target: exp { print val[0] }
+#
+#     exp: exp '+' exp
+#        | exp '*' exp
+#        | '(' exp ')'
+#        | NUMBER
+#   end
+#
+# Racc grammar files resemble yacc files.
+# But (of course), this is Ruby code.
+# yacc's $$ is the 'result', $0, $1... is
+# an array called 'val', and $-1, $-2... is an array called '_values'.
+#
+# See the {Grammar File Reference}[rdoc-ref:lib/racc/rdoc/grammar.en.rdoc] for
+# more information on grammar files.
+#
+# == Parser
+#
+# Then you must prepare the parse entry method. There are two types of
+# parse methods in Racc, Racc::Parser#do_parse and Racc::Parser#yyparse
+#
+# Racc::Parser#do_parse is simple.
+#
+# It's yyparse() of yacc, and Racc::Parser#next_token is yylex().
+# This method must returns an array like [TOKENSYMBOL, ITS_VALUE].
+# EOF is [false, false].
+# (TOKENSYMBOL is a Ruby symbol (taken from String#intern) by default.
+# If you want to change this, see the grammar reference.
+#
+# Racc::Parser#yyparse is little complicated, but useful.
+# It does not use Racc::Parser#next_token, instead it gets tokens from any iterator.
+#
+# For example, <code>yyparse(obj, :scan)</code> causes
+# calling +obj#scan+, and you can return tokens by yielding them from +obj#scan+.
+#
+# == Debugging
+#
+# When debugging, "-v" or/and the "-g" option is helpful.
+#
+# "-v" creates verbose log file (.output).
+# "-g" creates a "Verbose Parser".
+# Verbose Parser prints the internal status when parsing.
+# But it's _not_ automatic.
+# You must use -g option and set +@yydebug+ to +true+ in order to get output.
+# -g option only creates the verbose parser.
+#
+# === Racc reported syntax error.
+#
+# Isn't there too many "end"?
+# grammar of racc file is changed in v0.10.
+#
+# Racc does not use '%' mark, while yacc uses huge number of '%' marks..
+#
+# === Racc reported "XXXX conflicts".
+#
+# Try "racc -v xxxx.y".
+# It causes producing racc's internal log file, xxxx.output.
+#
+# === Generated parsers does not work correctly
+#
+# Try "racc -g xxxx.y".
+# This command let racc generate "debugging parser".
+# Then set @yydebug=true in your parser.
+# It produces a working log of your parser.
+#
+# == Re-distributing Racc runtime
+#
+# A parser, which is created by Racc, requires the Racc runtime module;
+# racc/parser.rb.
+#
+# Ruby 1.8.x comes with Racc runtime module,
+# you need NOT distribute Racc runtime files.
+#
+# If you want to include the Racc runtime module with your parser.
+# This can be done by using '-E' option:
+#
+#   $ racc -E -omyparser.rb myparser.y
+#
+# This command creates myparser.rb which `includes' Racc runtime.
+# Only you must do is to distribute your parser file (myparser.rb).
+#
+# Note: parser.rb is ruby license, but your parser is not.
+# Your own parser is completely yours.
+module Racc
+
+  unless defined?(Racc_No_Extensions)
+    Racc_No_Extensions = false # :nodoc:
+  end
+
+  class Parser
+
+    Racc_Runtime_Version = ::Racc::VERSION
+    Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R = ::Racc::VERSION
+
+    begin
+      if Object.const_defined?(:RUBY_ENGINE) and RUBY_ENGINE == 'jruby'
+        require 'jruby'
+        require 'racc/cparse-jruby.jar'
+        com.headius.racc.Cparse.new.load(JRuby.runtime, false)
+      else
+        require 'racc/cparse'
+      end
+
+      unless new.respond_to?(:_racc_do_parse_c, true)
+        raise LoadError, 'old cparse.so'
+      end
+      if Racc_No_Extensions
+        raise LoadError, 'selecting ruby version of racc runtime core'
+      end
+
+      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_c # :nodoc:
+      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_c # :nodoc:
+      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_C # :nodoc:
+      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'c' # :nodoc:
+    rescue LoadError
+      Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine    = :_racc_do_parse_rb
+      Racc_YY_Parse_Method         = :_racc_yyparse_rb
+      Racc_Runtime_Core_Version    = Racc_Runtime_Core_Version_R
+      Racc_Runtime_Type            = 'ruby'
+    end
+
+    def Parser.racc_runtime_type # :nodoc:
+      Racc_Runtime_Type
+    end
+
+    def _racc_setup
+      @yydebug = false unless self.class::Racc_debug_parser
+      @yydebug = false unless defined?(@yydebug)
+      if @yydebug
+        @racc_debug_out = $stderr unless defined?(@racc_debug_out)
+        @racc_debug_out ||= $stderr
+      end
+      arg = self.class::Racc_arg
+      arg[13] = true if arg.size < 14
+      arg
+    end
+
+    def _racc_init_sysvars
+      @racc_state  = [0]
+      @racc_tstack = []
+      @racc_vstack = []
+
+      @racc_t = nil
+      @racc_val = nil
+
+      @racc_read_next = true
+
+      @racc_user_yyerror = false
+      @racc_error_status = 0
+    end
+
+    # The entry point of the parser. This method is used with #next_token.
+    # If Racc wants to get token (and its value), calls next_token.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #     def parse
+    #       @q = [[1,1],
+    #             [2,2],
+    #             [3,3],
+    #             [false, '$']]
+    #       do_parse
+    #     end
+    #
+    #     def next_token
+    #       @q.shift
+    #     end
+    class_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+    def do_parse
+      #{Racc_Main_Parsing_Routine}(_racc_setup(), false)
+    end
+    RUBY
+
+    # The method to fetch next token.
+    # If you use #do_parse method, you must implement #next_token.
+    #
+    # The format of return value is [TOKEN_SYMBOL, VALUE].
+    # +token-symbol+ is represented by Ruby's symbol by default, e.g. :IDENT
+    # for 'IDENT'.  ";" (String) for ';'.
+    #
+    # The final symbol (End of file) must be false.
+    def next_token
+      raise NotImplementedError, "#{self.class}\#next_token is not defined"
+    end
+
+    def _racc_do_parse_rb(arg, in_debug)
+      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
+      _,            _,            _,              _,
+      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
+
+      _racc_init_sysvars
+      tok = act = i = nil
+
+      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
+        while true
+          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
+            if @racc_read_next
+              if @racc_t != 0   # not EOF
+                tok, @racc_val = next_token()
+                unless tok      # EOF
+                  @racc_t = 0
+                else
+                  @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
+                end
+                racc_read_token(@racc_t, tok, @racc_val) if @yydebug
+                @racc_read_next = false
+              end
+            end
+            i += @racc_t
+            unless i >= 0 and
+                   act = action_table[i] and
+                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+            end
+          else
+            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+          end
+          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+            ;
+          end
+        end
+      }
+    end
+
+    # Another entry point for the parser.
+    # If you use this method, you must implement RECEIVER#METHOD_ID method.
+    #
+    # RECEIVER#METHOD_ID is a method to get next token.
+    # It must 'yield' the token, which format is [TOKEN-SYMBOL, VALUE].
+    class_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+    def yyparse(recv, mid)
+      #{Racc_YY_Parse_Method}(recv, mid, _racc_setup(), false)
+    end
+    RUBY
+
+    def _racc_yyparse_rb(recv, mid, arg, c_debug)
+      action_table, action_check, action_default, action_pointer,
+      _,            _,            _,              _,
+      _,            _,            token_table,    * = arg
+
+      _racc_init_sysvars
+
+      catch(:racc_end_parse) {
+        until i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
+          while act = _racc_evalact(action_default[@racc_state[-1]], arg)
+            ;
+          end
+        end
+        recv.__send__(mid) do |tok, val|
+          unless tok
+            @racc_t = 0
+          else
+            @racc_t = (token_table[tok] or 1)   # error token
+          end
+          @racc_val = val
+          @racc_read_next = false
+
+          i += @racc_t
+          unless i >= 0 and
+                 act = action_table[i] and
+                 action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+            act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+          end
+          while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+            ;
+          end
+
+          while !(i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]) ||
+                ! @racc_read_next ||
+                @racc_t == 0  # $
+            unless i and i += @racc_t and
+                   i >= 0 and
+                   act = action_table[i] and
+                   action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+              act = action_default[@racc_state[-1]]
+            end
+            while act = _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+              ;
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      }
+    end
+
+    ###
+    ### common
+    ###
+
+    def _racc_evalact(act, arg)
+      action_table, action_check, _, action_pointer,
+      _,            _,            _, _,
+      _,            _,            _, shift_n,
+      reduce_n,     * = arg
+      nerr = 0   # tmp
+
+      if act > 0 and act < shift_n
+        #
+        # shift
+        #
+        if @racc_error_status > 0
+          @racc_error_status -= 1 unless @racc_t <= 1 # error token or EOF
+        end
+        @racc_vstack.push @racc_val
+        @racc_state.push act
+        @racc_read_next = true
+        if @yydebug
+          @racc_tstack.push @racc_t
+          racc_shift @racc_t, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
+        end
+
+      elsif act < 0 and act > -reduce_n
+        #
+        # reduce
+        #
+        code = catch(:racc_jump) {
+          @racc_state.push _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
+          false
+        }
+        if code
+          case code
+          when 1 # yyerror
+            @racc_user_yyerror = true   # user_yyerror
+            return -reduce_n
+          when 2 # yyaccept
+            return shift_n
+          else
+            raise '[Racc Bug] unknown jump code'
+          end
+        end
+
+      elsif act == shift_n
+        #
+        # accept
+        #
+        racc_accept if @yydebug
+        throw :racc_end_parse, @racc_vstack[0]
+
+      elsif act == -reduce_n
+        #
+        # error
+        #
+        case @racc_error_status
+        when 0
+          unless arg[21]    # user_yyerror
+            nerr += 1
+            on_error @racc_t, @racc_val, @racc_vstack
+          end
+        when 3
+          if @racc_t == 0   # is $
+            # We're at EOF, and another error occurred immediately after
+            # attempting auto-recovery
+            throw :racc_end_parse, nil
+          end
+          @racc_read_next = true
+        end
+        @racc_user_yyerror = false
+        @racc_error_status = 3
+        while true
+          if i = action_pointer[@racc_state[-1]]
+            i += 1   # error token
+            if  i >= 0 and
+                (act = action_table[i]) and
+                action_check[i] == @racc_state[-1]
+              break
+            end
+          end
+          throw :racc_end_parse, nil if @racc_state.size <= 1
+          @racc_state.pop
+          @racc_vstack.pop
+          if @yydebug
+            @racc_tstack.pop
+            racc_e_pop @racc_state, @racc_tstack, @racc_vstack
+          end
+        end
+        return act
+
+      else
+        raise "[Racc Bug] unknown action #{act.inspect}"
+      end
+
+      racc_next_state(@racc_state[-1], @racc_state) if @yydebug
+
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def _racc_do_reduce(arg, act)
+      _,          _,            _,            _,
+      goto_table, goto_check,   goto_default, goto_pointer,
+      nt_base,    reduce_table, _,            _,
+      _,          use_result,   * = arg
+
+      state = @racc_state
+      vstack = @racc_vstack
+      tstack = @racc_tstack
+
+      i = act * -3
+      len       = reduce_table[i]
+      reduce_to = reduce_table[i+1]
+      method_id = reduce_table[i+2]
+      void_array = []
+
+      tmp_t = tstack[-len, len] if @yydebug
+      tmp_v = vstack[-len, len]
+      tstack[-len, len] = void_array if @yydebug
+      vstack[-len, len] = void_array
+      state[-len, len]  = void_array
+
+      # tstack must be updated AFTER method call
+      if use_result
+        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack, tmp_v[0])
+      else
+        vstack.push __send__(method_id, tmp_v, vstack)
+      end
+      tstack.push reduce_to
+
+      racc_reduce(tmp_t, reduce_to, tstack, vstack) if @yydebug
+
+      k1 = reduce_to - nt_base
+      if i = goto_pointer[k1]
+        i += state[-1]
+        if i >= 0 and (curstate = goto_table[i]) and goto_check[i] == k1
+          return curstate
+        end
+      end
+      goto_default[k1]
+    end
+
+    # This method is called when a parse error is found.
+    #
+    # ERROR_TOKEN_ID is an internal ID of token which caused error.
+    # You can get string representation of this ID by calling
+    # #token_to_str.
+    #
+    # ERROR_VALUE is a value of error token.
+    #
+    # value_stack is a stack of symbol values.
+    # DO NOT MODIFY this object.
+    #
+    # This method raises ParseError by default.
+    #
+    # If this method returns, parsers enter "error recovering mode".
+    def on_error(t, val, vstack)
+      raise ParseError, sprintf("parse error on value %s (%s)",
+                                val.inspect, token_to_str(t) || '?')
+    end
+
+    # Enter error recovering mode.
+    # This method does not call #on_error.
+    def yyerror
+      throw :racc_jump, 1
+    end
+
+    # Exit parser.
+    # Return value is +Symbol_Value_Stack[0]+.
+    def yyaccept
+      throw :racc_jump, 2
+    end
+
+    # Leave error recovering mode.
+    def yyerrok
+      @racc_error_status = 0
+    end
+
+    # For debugging output
+    def racc_read_token(t, tok, val)
+      @racc_debug_out.print 'read    '
+      @racc_debug_out.print tok.inspect, '(', racc_token2str(t), ') '
+      @racc_debug_out.puts val.inspect
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_shift(tok, tstack, vstack)
+      @racc_debug_out.puts "shift   #{racc_token2str tok}"
+      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_reduce(toks, sim, tstack, vstack)
+      out = @racc_debug_out
+      out.print 'reduce '
+      if toks.empty?
+        out.print ' <none>'
+      else
+        toks.each {|t| out.print ' ', racc_token2str(t) }
+      end
+      out.puts " --> #{racc_token2str(sim)}"
+      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_accept
+      @racc_debug_out.puts 'accept'
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_e_pop(state, tstack, vstack)
+      @racc_debug_out.puts 'error recovering mode: pop token'
+      racc_print_states state
+      racc_print_stacks tstack, vstack
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_next_state(curstate, state)
+      @racc_debug_out.puts  "goto    #{curstate}"
+      racc_print_states state
+      @racc_debug_out.puts
+    end
+
+    def racc_print_stacks(t, v)
+      out = @racc_debug_out
+      out.print '        ['
+      t.each_index do |i|
+        out.print ' (', racc_token2str(t[i]), ' ', v[i].inspect, ')'
+      end
+      out.puts ' ]'
+    end
+
+    def racc_print_states(s)
+      out = @racc_debug_out
+      out.print '        ['
+      s.each {|st| out.print ' ', st }
+      out.puts ' ]'
+    end
+
+    def racc_token2str(tok)
+      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[tok] or
+          raise "[Racc Bug] can't convert token #{tok} to string"
+    end
+
+    # Convert internal ID of token symbol to the string.
+    def token_to_str(t)
+      self.class::Racc_token_to_s_table[t]
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end
+
+end
+###### racc/parser.rb end
 
 require 'strscan'
 
@@ -652,6 +1300,7 @@ Racc_arg = [
   racc_shift_n,
   racc_reduce_n,
   racc_use_result_var ]
+Ractor.make_shareable(Racc_arg) if defined?(Ractor)
 
 Racc_token_to_s_table = [
   "$end",
@@ -723,6 +1372,7 @@ Racc_token_to_s_table = [
   "normal_strings",
   "verb_string",
   "verb_normal_string" ]
+Ractor.make_shareable(Racc_token_to_s_table) if defined?(Ractor)
 
 Racc_debug_parser = false
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/rdoc.gemspec b/lib/rdoc/rdoc.gemspec
index 3c96f7deb1..93a281c8ae 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/rdoc.gemspec
+++ b/lib/rdoc/rdoc.gemspec
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ RDoc includes the +rdoc+ and +ri+ tools for generating and displaying documentat
   s.homepage = "https://ruby.github.io/rdoc"
   s.licenses = ["Ruby"]
 
+  s.metadata["homepage_uri"] = s.homepage
+  s.metadata["source_code_uri"] = "https://github.com/ruby/rdoc"
+  s.metadata["changelog_uri"] = "#{s.metadata["source_code_uri"]}/releases"
+
   s.bindir = "exe"
   s.executables = ["rdoc", "ri"]
   s.require_paths = ["lib"]
@@ -226,7 +230,7 @@ RDoc includes the +rdoc+ and +ri+ tools for generating and displaying documentat
   s.rdoc_options = ["--main", "README.rdoc"]
   s.extra_rdoc_files += s.files.grep(%r[\A[^\/]+\.(?:rdoc|md)\z])
 
-  s.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.5.0")
+  s.required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.6.0")
   s.required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.new(">= 2.2")
 
   s.add_dependency 'psych', '>= 4.0.0'
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb b/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb
index 400f9b5bc3..2da6d9b575 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb
@@ -36,6 +36,17 @@ class RDoc::RDoc
   GENERATORS = {}
 
   ##
+  # List of directory names always skipped
+
+  UNCONDITIONALLY_SKIPPED_DIRECTORIES = %w[CVS .svn .git].freeze
+
+  ##
+  # List of directory names skipped if test suites should be skipped
+
+  TEST_SUITE_DIRECTORY_NAMES = %w[spec test].freeze
+
+
+  ##
   # Generator instance used for creating output
 
   attr_accessor :generator
@@ -108,7 +119,7 @@ class RDoc::RDoc
   # +files+.
 
   def gather_files files
-    files = ["."] if files.empty?
+    files = [@options.root.to_s] if files.empty?
 
     file_list = normalized_file_list files, true, @options.exclude
 
@@ -280,7 +291,10 @@ option)
           file_list[rel_file_name] = mtime
         end
       when "directory" then
-        next if rel_file_name == "CVS" || rel_file_name == ".svn"
+        next if UNCONDITIONALLY_SKIPPED_DIRECTORIES.include?(rel_file_name)
+
+        basename = File.basename(rel_file_name)
+        next if options.skip_tests && TEST_SUITE_DIRECTORY_NAMES.include?(basename)
 
         created_rid = File.join rel_file_name, "created.rid"
         next if File.file? created_rid
@@ -415,9 +429,7 @@ The internal error was:
     files.reject do |file, *|
       file =~ /\.(?:class|eps|erb|scpt\.txt|svg|ttf|yml)$/i or
         (file =~ /tags$/i and
-         File.open(file, 'rb') { |io|
-           io.read(100) =~ /\A(\f\n[^,]+,\d+$|!_TAG_)/
-         })
+         /\A(\f\n[^,]+,\d+$|!_TAG_)/.match?(File.binread(file, 100)))
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/require.rb b/lib/rdoc/require.rb
index 91f9c24e5d..05e26b84b0 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/require.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/require.rb
@@ -49,4 +49,3 @@ class RDoc::Require < RDoc::CodeObject
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/ri/driver.rb b/lib/rdoc/ri/driver.rb
index dd66d532ca..08c4d08f81 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/ri/driver.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/ri/driver.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require 'abbrev'
 require 'optparse'
 
-begin
-  require 'readline'
-rescue LoadError
-end
-
 require_relative '../../rdoc'
 
 require_relative 'formatter' # For RubyGems backwards compatibility
@@ -40,9 +34,9 @@ class RDoc::RI::Driver
 
   class NotFoundError < Error
 
-    def initialize(klass, suggestions = nil) # :nodoc:
+    def initialize(klass, suggestion_proc = nil) # :nodoc:
       @klass = klass
-      @suggestions = suggestions
+      @suggestion_proc = suggestion_proc
     end
 
     ##
@@ -54,8 +48,9 @@ class RDoc::RI::Driver
 
     def message # :nodoc:
       str = "Nothing known about #{@klass}"
-      if @suggestions and !@suggestions.empty?
-        str += "\nDid you mean?  #{@suggestions.join("\n               ")}"
+      suggestions = @suggestion_proc&.call
+      if suggestions and !suggestions.empty?
+        str += "\nDid you mean?  #{suggestions.join("\n               ")}"
       end
       str
     end
@@ -954,8 +949,8 @@ or the PAGER environment variable.
     ary = class_names.grep(Regexp.new("\\A#{klass.gsub(/(?=::|\z)/, '[^:]*')}\\z"))
     if ary.length != 1 && ary.first != klass
       if check_did_you_mean
-        suggestions = DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: class_names).correct(klass)
-        raise NotFoundError.new(klass, suggestions)
+        suggestion_proc = -> { DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: class_names).correct(klass) }
+        raise NotFoundError.new(klass, suggestion_proc)
       else
         raise NotFoundError, klass
       end
@@ -1080,6 +1075,10 @@ or the PAGER environment variable.
   def interactive
     puts "\nEnter the method name you want to look up."
 
+    begin
+      require 'readline'
+    rescue LoadError
+    end
     if defined? Readline then
       Readline.completion_proc = method :complete
       puts "You can use tab to autocomplete."
@@ -1239,8 +1238,8 @@ or the PAGER environment variable.
           methods.push(*store.instance_methods[klass]) if [:instance, :both].include? types
         end
         methods = methods.uniq
-        suggestions = DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: methods).correct(method_name)
-        raise NotFoundError.new(name, suggestions)
+        suggestion_proc = -> { DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: methods).correct(method_name) }
+        raise NotFoundError.new(name, suggestion_proc)
       else
         raise NotFoundError, name
       end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/ri/store.rb b/lib/rdoc/ri/store.rb
index 9f4b03734a..96742e7ae3 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/ri/store.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/ri/store.rb
@@ -4,4 +4,3 @@ module RDoc::RI
   Store = RDoc::Store # :nodoc:
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/single_class.rb b/lib/rdoc/single_class.rb
index 860f06a6e5..dd16529648 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/single_class.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/single_class.rb
@@ -28,4 +28,3 @@ class RDoc::SingleClass < RDoc::ClassModule
     end
   end
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/stats/quiet.rb b/lib/rdoc/stats/quiet.rb
index bc4161b2d4..9c98ea5f86 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/stats/quiet.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/stats/quiet.rb
@@ -57,4 +57,3 @@ class RDoc::Stats::Quiet
   def done_adding(*) end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/stats/verbose.rb b/lib/rdoc/stats/verbose.rb
index 6ace8937a2..7090d561f8 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/stats/verbose.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/stats/verbose.rb
@@ -42,5 +42,3 @@ class RDoc::Stats::Verbose < RDoc::Stats::Normal
   end
 
 end
-
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/store.rb b/lib/rdoc/store.rb
index 9fc540d317..cd27d47dd1 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/store.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/store.rb
@@ -197,6 +197,9 @@ class RDoc::Store
     top_level
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Sets the parser of +absolute_name+, unless it from a source code file.
+
   def update_parser_of_file(absolute_name, parser)
     if top_level = @files_hash[absolute_name] then
       @text_files_hash[absolute_name] = top_level if top_level.text?
@@ -556,9 +559,7 @@ class RDoc::Store
   def load_cache
     #orig_enc = @encoding
 
-    File.open cache_path, 'rb' do |io|
-      @cache = Marshal.load io
-    end
+    @cache = marshal_load(cache_path)
 
     load_enc = @cache[:encoding]
 
@@ -615,9 +616,7 @@ class RDoc::Store
   def load_class_data klass_name
     file = class_file klass_name
 
-    File.open file, 'rb' do |io|
-      Marshal.load io
-    end
+    marshal_load(file)
   rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
     error = MissingFileError.new(self, file, klass_name)
     error.set_backtrace e.backtrace
@@ -630,14 +629,10 @@ class RDoc::Store
   def load_method klass_name, method_name
     file = method_file klass_name, method_name
 
-    File.open file, 'rb' do |io|
-      obj = Marshal.load io
-      obj.store = self
-      obj.parent =
-        find_class_or_module(klass_name) || load_class(klass_name) unless
-          obj.parent
-      obj
-    end
+    obj = marshal_load(file)
+    obj.store = self
+    obj.parent ||= find_class_or_module(klass_name) || load_class(klass_name)
+    obj
   rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
     error = MissingFileError.new(self, file, klass_name + method_name)
     error.set_backtrace e.backtrace
@@ -650,11 +645,9 @@ class RDoc::Store
   def load_page page_name
     file = page_file page_name
 
-    File.open file, 'rb' do |io|
-      obj = Marshal.load io
-      obj.store = self
-      obj
-    end
+    obj = marshal_load(file)
+    obj.store = self
+    obj
   rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
     error = MissingFileError.new(self, file, page_name)
     error.set_backtrace e.backtrace
@@ -976,4 +969,21 @@ class RDoc::Store
     @unique_modules
   end
 
+  private
+  def marshal_load(file)
+    File.open(file, 'rb') {|io| Marshal.load(io, MarshalFilter)}
+  end
+
+  MarshalFilter = proc do |obj|
+    case obj
+    when true, false, nil, Array, Class, Encoding, Hash, Integer, String, Symbol, RDoc::Text
+    else
+      unless obj.class.name.start_with?("RDoc::")
+        raise TypeError, "not permitted class: #{obj.class.name}"
+      end
+    end
+    obj
+  end
+  private_constant :MarshalFilter
+
 end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/task.rb b/lib/rdoc/task.rb
index 8ea2d0588c..eb584c9d2a 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/task.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/task.rb
@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ require 'rake/tasklib'
 # [rerdoc]
 #   Rebuild the rdoc files from scratch, even if they are not out of date.
 #
+# [rdoc:coverage]
+#   Print RDoc coverage report for all rdoc files.
+#
 # Simple Example:
 #
 #   require 'rdoc/task'
@@ -90,8 +93,8 @@ require 'rake/tasklib'
 #   RDoc::Task.new(:rdoc => "rdoc", :clobber_rdoc => "rdoc:clean",
 #                  :rerdoc => "rdoc:force")
 #
-# This will create the tasks <tt>:rdoc</tt>, <tt>:rdoc:clean</tt> and
-# <tt>:rdoc:force</tt>.
+# This will create the tasks <tt>:rdoc</tt>, <tt>:rdoc:clean</tt>,
+# <tt>:rdoc:force</tt>, and <tt>:rdoc:coverage</tt>.
 
 class RDoc::Task < Rake::TaskLib
 
@@ -248,6 +251,18 @@ class RDoc::Task < Rake::TaskLib
       RDoc::RDoc.new.document args
     end
 
+    namespace rdoc_task_name do
+      desc coverage_task_description
+      task coverage_task_name do
+        @before_running_rdoc.call if @before_running_rdoc
+        opts = option_list << "-C"
+        args = opts + @rdoc_files
+
+        $stderr.puts "rdoc #{args.join ' '}" if Rake.application.options.trace
+        RDoc::RDoc.new.document args
+      end
+    end
+
     self
   end
 
@@ -288,6 +303,13 @@ class RDoc::Task < Rake::TaskLib
     "Rebuild RDoc HTML files"
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Task description for the coverage task or its renamed description
+
+  def coverage_task_description
+    "Print RDoc coverage report"
+  end
+
   private
 
   def rdoc_target
@@ -315,6 +337,10 @@ class RDoc::Task < Rake::TaskLib
     end
   end
 
+  def coverage_task_name
+    "coverage"
+  end
+
 end
 
 # :stopdoc:
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/text.rb b/lib/rdoc/text.rb
index 0bc4aba428..9804f81abe 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/text.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/text.rb
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ require 'strscan'
 
 module RDoc::Text
 
+  ##
+  # The language for this text.  This affects stripping comments
+  # markers.
+
   attr_accessor :language
 
   ##
@@ -309,4 +313,10 @@ module RDoc::Text
     res.join.strip
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Character class to be separated by a space when concatenating
+  # lines.
+
+  SPACE_SEPARATED_LETTER_CLASS = /[\p{Nd}\p{Lc}\p{Pc}]|[!-~&&\W]/
+
 end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/token_stream.rb b/lib/rdoc/token_stream.rb
index f428e2400c..19ca7ed248 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/token_stream.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/token_stream.rb
@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ module RDoc::TokenStream
   # Returns a string representation of the token stream
 
   def tokens_to_s
-    token_stream.compact.map { |token| token[:text] }.join ''
+    (token_stream or return '').compact.map { |token| token[:text] }.join ''
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/top_level.rb b/lib/rdoc/top_level.rb
index b8b6110bb2..3864f66431 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/top_level.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/top_level.rb
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ class RDoc::TopLevel < RDoc::Context
     @classes_or_modules = []
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Sets the parser for this toplevel context, also the store.
+
   def parser=(val)
     @parser = val
     @store.update_parser_of_file(absolute_name, val) if @store
@@ -286,4 +289,3 @@ class RDoc::TopLevel < RDoc::Context
   end
 
 end
-
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/version.rb b/lib/rdoc/version.rb
index 2c52a6b87b..87842d9847 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/version.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/version.rb
@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ module RDoc
   ##
   # RDoc version you are using
 
-  VERSION = '6.4.0'
+  VERSION = '6.6.3.1'
 
 end
diff --git a/lib/readline.gemspec b/lib/readline.gemspec
index 3a18f9edb6..9221c29263 100644
--- a/lib/readline.gemspec
+++ b/lib/readline.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = 'readline'
-  spec.version       = '0.0.3'
+  spec.version       = '0.0.4'
   spec.authors       = ['aycabta']
   spec.email         = ['aycabta@gmail.com']
 
diff --git a/lib/readline.rb b/lib/readline.rb
index 29cdf3a14f..d1c9d3a955 100644
--- a/lib/readline.rb
+++ b/lib/readline.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 begin
-  require 'readline.so'
+  require "readline.#{RbConfig::CONFIG["DLEXT"]}"
 rescue LoadError
   require 'reline' unless defined? Reline
   Object.send(:remove_const, :Readline) if Object.const_defined?(:Readline)
diff --git a/lib/reline.rb b/lib/reline.rb
index 0487232a0d..fb19982081 100644
--- a/lib/reline.rb
+++ b/lib/reline.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 require 'io/console'
-require 'timeout'
 require 'forwardable'
 require 'reline/version'
 require 'reline/config'
@@ -8,15 +7,17 @@ require 'reline/key_stroke'
 require 'reline/line_editor'
 require 'reline/history'
 require 'reline/terminfo'
+require 'reline/face'
 require 'rbconfig'
 
 module Reline
+  # NOTE: For making compatible with the rb-readline gem
   FILENAME_COMPLETION_PROC = nil
   USERNAME_COMPLETION_PROC = nil
 
   class ConfigEncodingConversionError < StandardError; end
 
-  Key = Struct.new('Key', :char, :combined_char, :with_meta) do
+  Key = Struct.new(:char, :combined_char, :with_meta) do
     def match?(other)
       case other
       when Reline::Key
@@ -36,31 +37,14 @@ module Reline
   DialogRenderInfo = Struct.new(
     :pos,
     :contents,
-    :bg_color,
-    :pointer_bg_color,
-    :fg_color,
-    :pointer_fg_color,
+    :face,
+    :bg_color, # For the time being, this line should stay here for the compatibility with IRB.
     :width,
     :height,
     :scrollbar,
     keyword_init: true
   )
 
-  DIALOG_COLOR_APIS = [
-    :dialog_default_bg_color,
-    :dialog_default_bg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_default_bg_color=,
-    :dialog_default_fg_color,
-    :dialog_default_fg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_default_fg_color=,
-    :dialog_highlight_bg_color,
-    :dialog_highlight_bg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_highlight_bg_color=,
-    :dialog_highlight_fg_color,
-    :dialog_highlight_fg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_highlight_fg_color=
-  ]
-
   class Core
     ATTR_READER_NAMES = %i(
       completion_append_character
@@ -87,8 +71,7 @@ module Reline
     extend Forwardable
     def_delegators :config,
       :autocompletion,
-      :autocompletion=,
-      *DIALOG_COLOR_APIS
+      :autocompletion=
 
     def initialize
       self.output = STDOUT
@@ -98,44 +81,48 @@ module Reline
       @bracketed_paste_finished = false
     end
 
+    def io_gate
+      Reline::IOGate
+    end
+
     def encoding
-      Reline::IOGate.encoding
+      io_gate.encoding
     end
 
     def completion_append_character=(val)
       if val.nil?
         @completion_append_character = nil
       elsif val.size == 1
-        @completion_append_character = val.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+        @completion_append_character = val.encode(encoding)
       elsif val.size > 1
-        @completion_append_character = val[0].encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+        @completion_append_character = val[0].encode(encoding)
       else
         @completion_append_character = nil
       end
     end
 
     def basic_word_break_characters=(v)
-      @basic_word_break_characters = v.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      @basic_word_break_characters = v.encode(encoding)
     end
 
     def completer_word_break_characters=(v)
-      @completer_word_break_characters = v.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      @completer_word_break_characters = v.encode(encoding)
     end
 
     def basic_quote_characters=(v)
-      @basic_quote_characters = v.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      @basic_quote_characters = v.encode(encoding)
     end
 
     def completer_quote_characters=(v)
-      @completer_quote_characters = v.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      @completer_quote_characters = v.encode(encoding)
     end
 
     def filename_quote_characters=(v)
-      @filename_quote_characters = v.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      @filename_quote_characters = v.encode(encoding)
     end
 
     def special_prefixes=(v)
-      @special_prefixes = v.encode(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      @special_prefixes = v.encode(encoding)
     end
 
     def completion_case_fold=(v)
@@ -181,9 +168,13 @@ module Reline
 
     DialogProc = Struct.new(:dialog_proc, :context)
     def add_dialog_proc(name_sym, p, context = nil)
-      raise ArgumentError unless p.respond_to?(:call) or p.nil?
       raise ArgumentError unless name_sym.instance_of?(Symbol)
-      @dialog_proc_list[name_sym] = DialogProc.new(p, context)
+      if p.nil?
+        @dialog_proc_list.delete(name_sym)
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError unless p.respond_to?(:call)
+        @dialog_proc_list[name_sym] = DialogProc.new(p, context)
+      end
     end
 
     def dialog_proc(name_sym)
@@ -192,20 +183,16 @@ module Reline
 
     def input=(val)
       raise TypeError unless val.respond_to?(:getc) or val.nil?
-      if val.respond_to?(:getc)
-        if defined?(Reline::ANSI) and Reline::IOGate == Reline::ANSI
-          Reline::ANSI.input = val
-        elsif Reline::IOGate == Reline::GeneralIO
-          Reline::GeneralIO.input = val
-        end
+      if val.respond_to?(:getc) && io_gate.respond_to?(:input=)
+        io_gate.input = val
       end
     end
 
     def output=(val)
       raise TypeError unless val.respond_to?(:write) or val.nil?
       @output = val
-      if defined?(Reline::ANSI) and Reline::IOGate == Reline::ANSI
-        Reline::ANSI.output = val
+      if io_gate.respond_to?(:output=)
+        io_gate.output = val
       end
     end
 
@@ -228,7 +215,7 @@ module Reline
     end
 
     def get_screen_size
-      Reline::IOGate.get_screen_size
+      io_gate.get_screen_size
     end
 
     Reline::DEFAULT_DIALOG_PROC_AUTOCOMPLETE = ->() {
@@ -271,32 +258,33 @@ module Reline
         pos: cursor_pos_to_render,
         contents: result,
         scrollbar: true,
-        height: 15,
-        bg_color: config.dialog_default_bg_color_sequence,
-        pointer_bg_color: config.dialog_highlight_bg_color_sequence,
-        fg_color: config.dialog_default_fg_color_sequence,
-        pointer_fg_color: config.dialog_highlight_fg_color_sequence
+        height: [15, preferred_dialog_height].min,
+        face: :completion_dialog
       )
     }
     Reline::DEFAULT_DIALOG_CONTEXT = Array.new
 
     def readmultiline(prompt = '', add_hist = false, &confirm_multiline_termination)
-      unless confirm_multiline_termination
-        raise ArgumentError.new('#readmultiline needs block to confirm multiline termination')
-      end
-      inner_readline(prompt, add_hist, true, &confirm_multiline_termination)
+      Reline.update_iogate
+      io_gate.with_raw_input do
+        unless confirm_multiline_termination
+          raise ArgumentError.new('#readmultiline needs block to confirm multiline termination')
+        end
+        inner_readline(prompt, add_hist, true, &confirm_multiline_termination)
 
-      whole_buffer = line_editor.whole_buffer.dup
-      whole_buffer.taint if RUBY_VERSION < '2.7'
-      if add_hist and whole_buffer and whole_buffer.chomp("\n").size > 0
-        Reline::HISTORY << whole_buffer
-      end
+        whole_buffer = line_editor.whole_buffer.dup
+        whole_buffer.taint if RUBY_VERSION < '2.7'
+        if add_hist and whole_buffer and whole_buffer.chomp("\n").size > 0
+          Reline::HISTORY << whole_buffer
+        end
 
-      line_editor.reset_line if line_editor.whole_buffer.nil?
-      whole_buffer
+        line_editor.reset_line if line_editor.whole_buffer.nil?
+        whole_buffer
+      end
     end
 
     def readline(prompt = '', add_hist = false)
+      Reline.update_iogate
       inner_readline(prompt, add_hist, false)
 
       line = line_editor.line.dup
@@ -311,7 +299,7 @@ module Reline
 
     private def inner_readline(prompt, add_hist, multiline, &confirm_multiline_termination)
       if ENV['RELINE_STDERR_TTY']
-        if Reline::IOGate.win?
+        if io_gate.win?
           $stderr = File.open(ENV['RELINE_STDERR_TTY'], 'a')
         else
           $stderr.reopen(ENV['RELINE_STDERR_TTY'], 'w')
@@ -319,10 +307,10 @@ module Reline
         $stderr.sync = true
         $stderr.puts "Reline is used by #{Process.pid}"
       end
-      otio = Reline::IOGate.prep
+      otio = io_gate.prep
 
       may_req_ambiguous_char_width
-      line_editor.reset(prompt, encoding: Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      line_editor.reset(prompt, encoding: encoding)
       if multiline
         line_editor.multiline_on
         if block_given?
@@ -346,7 +334,7 @@ module Reline
       unless config.test_mode
         config.read
         config.reset_default_key_bindings
-        Reline::IOGate.set_default_key_bindings(config)
+        io_gate.set_default_key_bindings(config)
       end
 
       line_editor.rerender
@@ -355,9 +343,9 @@ module Reline
         line_editor.set_signal_handlers
         prev_pasting_state = false
         loop do
-          prev_pasting_state = Reline::IOGate.in_pasting?
+          prev_pasting_state = io_gate.in_pasting?
           read_io(config.keyseq_timeout) { |inputs|
-            line_editor.set_pasting_state(Reline::IOGate.in_pasting?)
+            line_editor.set_pasting_state(io_gate.in_pasting?)
             inputs.each { |c|
               line_editor.input_key(c)
               line_editor.rerender
@@ -367,29 +355,29 @@ module Reline
               @bracketed_paste_finished = false
             end
           }
-          if prev_pasting_state == true and not Reline::IOGate.in_pasting? and not line_editor.finished?
+          if prev_pasting_state == true and not io_gate.in_pasting? and not line_editor.finished?
             line_editor.set_pasting_state(false)
             prev_pasting_state = false
             line_editor.rerender_all
           end
           break if line_editor.finished?
         end
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(0)
+        io_gate.move_cursor_column(0)
       rescue Errno::EIO
         # Maybe the I/O has been closed.
       rescue StandardError => e
         line_editor.finalize
-        Reline::IOGate.deprep(otio)
+        io_gate.deprep(otio)
         raise e
       rescue Exception
         # Including Interrupt
         line_editor.finalize
-        Reline::IOGate.deprep(otio)
+        io_gate.deprep(otio)
         raise
       end
 
       line_editor.finalize
-      Reline::IOGate.deprep(otio)
+      io_gate.deprep(otio)
     end
 
     # GNU Readline waits for "keyseq-timeout" milliseconds to see if the ESC
@@ -404,7 +392,7 @@ module Reline
     private def read_io(keyseq_timeout, &block)
       buffer = []
       loop do
-        c = Reline::IOGate.getc
+        c = io_gate.getc(Float::INFINITY)
         if c == -1
           result = :unmatched
           @bracketed_paste_finished = true
@@ -441,15 +429,8 @@ module Reline
     end
 
     private def read_2nd_character_of_key_sequence(keyseq_timeout, buffer, c, block)
-      begin
-        succ_c = nil
-        Timeout.timeout(keyseq_timeout / 1000.0) {
-          succ_c = Reline::IOGate.getc
-        }
-      rescue Timeout::Error # cancel matching only when first byte
-        block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false)])
-        return :break
-      else
+      succ_c = io_gate.getc(keyseq_timeout.fdiv(1000))
+      if succ_c
         case key_stroke.match_status(buffer.dup.push(succ_c))
         when :unmatched
           if c == "\e".ord
@@ -459,7 +440,7 @@ module Reline
           end
           return :break
         when :matching
-          Reline::IOGate.ungetc(succ_c)
+          io_gate.ungetc(succ_c)
           return :next
         when :matched
           buffer << succ_c
@@ -469,27 +450,23 @@ module Reline
           block.(expanded)
           return :break
         end
+      else
+        block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false)])
+        return :break
       end
     end
 
     private def read_escaped_key(keyseq_timeout, c, block)
-      begin
-        escaped_c = nil
-        Timeout.timeout(keyseq_timeout / 1000.0) {
-          escaped_c = Reline::IOGate.getc
-        }
-      rescue Timeout::Error # independent ESC
+      escaped_c = io_gate.getc(keyseq_timeout.fdiv(1000))
+
+      if escaped_c.nil?
         block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false)])
+      elsif escaped_c >= 128 # maybe, first byte of multi byte
+        block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false), Reline::Key.new(escaped_c, escaped_c, false)])
+      elsif escaped_c == "\e".ord # escape twice
+        block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false), Reline::Key.new(c, c, false)])
       else
-        if escaped_c.nil?
-          block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false)])
-        elsif escaped_c >= 128 # maybe, first byte of multi byte
-          block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false), Reline::Key.new(escaped_c, escaped_c, false)])
-        elsif escaped_c == "\e".ord # escape twice
-          block.([Reline::Key.new(c, c, false), Reline::Key.new(c, c, false)])
-        else
-          block.([Reline::Key.new(escaped_c, escaped_c | 0b10000000, true)])
-        end
+        block.([Reline::Key.new(escaped_c, escaped_c | 0b10000000, true)])
       end
     end
 
@@ -499,19 +476,19 @@ module Reline
     end
 
     private def may_req_ambiguous_char_width
-      @ambiguous_width = 2 if Reline::IOGate == Reline::GeneralIO or !STDOUT.tty?
+      @ambiguous_width = 2 if io_gate == Reline::GeneralIO or !STDOUT.tty?
       return if defined? @ambiguous_width
-      Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(0)
+      io_gate.move_cursor_column(0)
       begin
         output.write "\u{25bd}"
       rescue Encoding::UndefinedConversionError
         # LANG=C
         @ambiguous_width = 1
       else
-        @ambiguous_width = Reline::IOGate.cursor_pos.x
+        @ambiguous_width = io_gate.cursor_pos.x
       end
-      Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(0)
-      Reline::IOGate.erase_after_cursor
+      io_gate.move_cursor_column(0)
+      io_gate.erase_after_cursor
     end
   end
 
@@ -561,7 +538,6 @@ module Reline
   def_single_delegators :core, :add_dialog_proc
   def_single_delegators :core, :dialog_proc
   def_single_delegators :core, :autocompletion, :autocompletion=
-  def_single_delegators :core, *DIALOG_COLOR_APIS
 
   def_single_delegators :core, :readmultiline
   def_instance_delegators self, :readmultiline
@@ -575,7 +551,7 @@ module Reline
     @core ||= Core.new { |core|
       core.config = Reline::Config.new
       core.key_stroke = Reline::KeyStroke.new(core.config)
-      core.line_editor = Reline::LineEditor.new(core.config, Reline::IOGate.encoding)
+      core.line_editor = Reline::LineEditor.new(core.config, core.encoding)
 
       core.basic_word_break_characters = " \t\n`><=;|&{("
       core.completer_word_break_characters = " \t\n`><=;|&{("
@@ -584,41 +560,48 @@ module Reline
       core.filename_quote_characters = ""
       core.special_prefixes = ""
       core.add_dialog_proc(:autocomplete, Reline::DEFAULT_DIALOG_PROC_AUTOCOMPLETE, Reline::DEFAULT_DIALOG_CONTEXT)
-      core.dialog_default_bg_color = :cyan
-      core.dialog_default_fg_color = :white
-      core.dialog_highlight_bg_color = :magenta
-      core.dialog_highlight_fg_color = :white
     }
   end
 
   def self.ungetc(c)
-    Reline::IOGate.ungetc(c)
+    core.io_gate.ungetc(c)
   end
 
   def self.line_editor
     core.line_editor
   end
-end
 
-require 'reline/general_io'
-if RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /mswin|msys|mingw|cygwin|bccwin|wince|emc/
-  require 'reline/windows'
-  if Reline::Windows.msys_tty?
-    Reline::IOGate = if ENV['TERM'] == 'dumb'
-      Reline::GeneralIO
-    else
+  def self.update_iogate
+    return if core.config.test_mode
+
+    # Need to change IOGate when `$stdout.tty?` change from false to true by `$stdout.reopen`
+    # Example: rails/spring boot the application in non-tty, then run console in tty.
+    if ENV['TERM'] != 'dumb' && core.io_gate == Reline::GeneralIO && $stdout.tty?
       require 'reline/ansi'
-      Reline::ANSI
+      remove_const(:IOGate)
+      const_set(:IOGate, Reline::ANSI)
     end
-  else
-    Reline::IOGate = Reline::Windows
   end
-else
-  Reline::IOGate = if $stdout.isatty
-    require 'reline/ansi'
-    Reline::ANSI
+end
+
+require 'reline/general_io'
+io = Reline::GeneralIO
+unless ENV['TERM'] == 'dumb'
+  case RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os']
+  when /mswin|msys|mingw|cygwin|bccwin|wince|emc/
+    require 'reline/windows'
+    tty = (io = Reline::Windows).msys_tty?
   else
-    Reline::GeneralIO
+    tty = $stdout.tty?
   end
 end
+Reline::IOGate = if tty
+  require 'reline/ansi'
+  Reline::ANSI
+else
+  io
+end
+
+Reline::Face.load_initial_configs
+
 Reline::HISTORY = Reline::History.new(Reline.core.config)
diff --git a/lib/reline/ansi.rb b/lib/reline/ansi.rb
index ab147a6185..c2e5075ea8 100644
--- a/lib/reline/ansi.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/ansi.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,33 @@
 require 'io/console'
 require 'io/wait'
-require 'timeout'
 require_relative 'terminfo'
 
 class Reline::ANSI
   CAPNAME_KEY_BINDINGS = {
     'khome' => :ed_move_to_beg,
     'kend'  => :ed_move_to_end,
+    'kdch1' => :key_delete,
+    'kpp' => :ed_search_prev_history,
+    'knp' => :ed_search_next_history,
     'kcuu1' => :ed_prev_history,
     'kcud1' => :ed_next_history,
     'kcuf1' => :ed_next_char,
     'kcub1' => :ed_prev_char,
-    'cuu' => :ed_prev_history,
-    'cud' => :ed_next_history,
-    'cuf' => :ed_next_char,
-    'cub' => :ed_prev_char,
+  }
+
+  ANSI_CURSOR_KEY_BINDINGS = {
+    # Up
+    'A' => [:ed_prev_history, {}],
+    # Down
+    'B' => [:ed_next_history, {}],
+    # Right
+    'C' => [:ed_next_char, { ctrl: :em_next_word, meta: :em_next_word }],
+    # Left
+    'D' => [:ed_prev_char, { ctrl: :ed_prev_word, meta: :ed_prev_word }],
+    # End
+    'F' => [:ed_move_to_end, {}],
+    # Home
+    'H' => [:ed_move_to_beg, {}],
   }
 
   if Reline::Terminfo.enabled?
@@ -29,24 +42,14 @@ class Reline::ANSI
     false
   end
 
-  def self.set_default_key_bindings(config)
-    if Reline::Terminfo.enabled?
+  def self.set_default_key_bindings(config, allow_terminfo: true)
+    set_default_key_bindings_ansi_cursor(config)
+    if allow_terminfo && Reline::Terminfo.enabled?
       set_default_key_bindings_terminfo(config)
     else
       set_default_key_bindings_comprehensive_list(config)
     end
     {
-      # extended entries of terminfo
-      [27, 91, 49, 59, 53, 67] => :em_next_word, # Ctrl+→, extended entry
-      [27, 91, 49, 59, 53, 68] => :ed_prev_word, # Ctrl+←, extended entry
-      [27, 91, 49, 59, 51, 67] => :em_next_word, # Meta+→, extended entry
-      [27, 91, 49, 59, 51, 68] => :ed_prev_word, # Meta+←, extended entry
-    }.each_pair do |key, func|
-      config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:emacs, key, func)
-      config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:vi_insert, key, func)
-      config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:vi_command, key, func)
-    end
-    {
       [27, 91, 90] => :completion_journey_up, # S-Tab
     }.each_pair do |key, func|
       config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:emacs, key, func)
@@ -61,18 +64,33 @@ class Reline::ANSI
     end
   end
 
+  def self.set_default_key_bindings_ansi_cursor(config)
+    ANSI_CURSOR_KEY_BINDINGS.each do |char, (default_func, modifiers)|
+      bindings = [["\e[#{char}", default_func]] # CSI + char
+      if modifiers[:ctrl]
+        # CSI + ctrl_key_modifier + char
+        bindings << ["\e[1;5#{char}", modifiers[:ctrl]]
+      end
+      if modifiers[:meta]
+        # CSI + meta_key_modifier + char
+        bindings << ["\e[1;3#{char}", modifiers[:meta]]
+        # Meta(ESC) + CSI + char
+        bindings << ["\e\e[#{char}", modifiers[:meta]]
+      end
+      bindings.each do |sequence, func|
+        key = sequence.bytes
+        config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:emacs, key, func)
+        config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:vi_insert, key, func)
+        config.add_default_key_binding_by_keymap(:vi_command, key, func)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def self.set_default_key_bindings_terminfo(config)
     key_bindings = CAPNAME_KEY_BINDINGS.map do |capname, key_binding|
       begin
         key_code = Reline::Terminfo.tigetstr(capname)
-        case capname
-        # Escape sequences that omit the move distance and are set to defaults
-        # value 1 may be sometimes sent by pressing the arrow-key.
-        when 'cuu', 'cud', 'cuf', 'cub'
-          [ key_code.sub(/%p1%d/, '').bytes, key_binding ]
-        else
-          [ key_code.bytes, key_binding ]
-        end
+        [ key_code.bytes, key_binding ]
       rescue Reline::Terminfo::TerminfoError
         # capname is undefined
       end
@@ -91,14 +109,8 @@ class Reline::ANSI
       [27, 91, 49, 126] => :ed_move_to_beg, # Home
       [27, 91, 52, 126] => :ed_move_to_end, # End
       [27, 91, 51, 126] => :key_delete,     # Del
-      [27, 91, 65] => :ed_prev_history,     # ↑
-      [27, 91, 66] => :ed_next_history,     # ↓
-      [27, 91, 67] => :ed_next_char,        # →
-      [27, 91, 68] => :ed_prev_char,        # ←
 
       # KDE
-      [27, 91, 72] => :ed_move_to_beg,      # Home
-      [27, 91, 70] => :ed_move_to_end,      # End
       # Del is 0x08
       [27, 71, 65] => :ed_prev_history,     # ↑
       [27, 71, 66] => :ed_next_history,     # ↓
@@ -115,12 +127,6 @@ class Reline::ANSI
       # Del is 0x08
       # Arrow keys are the same of KDE
 
-      # iTerm2
-      [27, 27, 91, 67] => :em_next_word,    # Option+→, extended entry
-      [27, 27, 91, 68] => :ed_prev_word,    # Option+←, extended entry
-      [195, 166] => :em_next_word,          # Option+f
-      [195, 162] => :ed_prev_word,          # Option+b
-
       [27, 79, 65] => :ed_prev_history,     # ↑
       [27, 79, 66] => :ed_next_history,     # ↓
       [27, 79, 67] => :ed_next_char,        # →
@@ -142,15 +148,21 @@ class Reline::ANSI
     @@output = val
   end
 
+  def self.with_raw_input
+    @@input.raw { yield }
+  end
+
   @@buf = []
-  def self.inner_getc
+  def self.inner_getc(timeout_second)
     unless @@buf.empty?
       return @@buf.shift
     end
     until c = @@input.raw(intr: true) { @@input.wait_readable(0.1) && @@input.getbyte }
+      timeout_second -= 0.1
+      return nil if timeout_second <= 0
       Reline.core.line_editor.resize
     end
-    (c == 0x16 && @@input.raw(min: 0, tim: 0, &:getbyte)) || c
+    (c == 0x16 && @@input.raw(min: 0, time: 0, &:getbyte)) || c
   rescue Errno::EIO
     # Maybe the I/O has been closed.
     nil
@@ -161,45 +173,43 @@ class Reline::ANSI
   @@in_bracketed_paste_mode = false
   START_BRACKETED_PASTE = String.new("\e[200~,", encoding: Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
   END_BRACKETED_PASTE = String.new("\e[200~.", encoding: Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
-  def self.getc_with_bracketed_paste
+  def self.getc_with_bracketed_paste(timeout_second)
     buffer = String.new(encoding: Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
-    buffer << inner_getc
+    buffer << inner_getc(timeout_second)
     while START_BRACKETED_PASTE.start_with?(buffer) or END_BRACKETED_PASTE.start_with?(buffer) do
       if START_BRACKETED_PASTE == buffer
         @@in_bracketed_paste_mode = true
-        return inner_getc
+        return inner_getc(timeout_second)
       elsif END_BRACKETED_PASTE == buffer
         @@in_bracketed_paste_mode = false
         ungetc(-1)
-        return inner_getc
+        return inner_getc(timeout_second)
       end
-      begin
-        succ_c = nil
-        Timeout.timeout(Reline.core.config.keyseq_timeout * 100) {
-          succ_c = inner_getc
-        }
-      rescue Timeout::Error
-        break
-      else
+      succ_c = inner_getc(Reline.core.config.keyseq_timeout)
+
+      if succ_c
         buffer << succ_c
+      else
+        break
       end
     end
     buffer.bytes.reverse_each do |ch|
       ungetc ch
     end
-    inner_getc
+    inner_getc(timeout_second)
   end
 
-  def self.getc
+  # if the usage expects to wait indefinitely, use Float::INFINITY for timeout_second
+  def self.getc(timeout_second)
     if Reline.core.config.enable_bracketed_paste
-      getc_with_bracketed_paste
+      getc_with_bracketed_paste(timeout_second)
     else
-      inner_getc
+      inner_getc(timeout_second)
     end
   end
 
   def self.in_pasting?
-    @@in_bracketed_paste_mode or (not Reline::IOGate.empty_buffer?)
+    @@in_bracketed_paste_mode or (not empty_buffer?)
   end
 
   def self.empty_buffer?
@@ -324,9 +334,12 @@ class Reline::ANSI
     @@output.write "\e[K"
   end
 
+  # This only works when the cursor is at the bottom of the scroll range
+  # For more details, see https://github.com/ruby/reline/pull/577#issuecomment-1646679623
   def self.scroll_down(x)
     return if x.zero?
-    @@output.write "\e[#{x}S"
+    # We use `\n` instead of CSI + S because CSI + S would cause https://github.com/ruby/reline/issues/576
+    @@output.write "\n" * x
   end
 
   def self.clear_screen
diff --git a/lib/reline/config.rb b/lib/reline/config.rb
index ffd1765e4f..4c07a73701 100644
--- a/lib/reline/config.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/config.rb
@@ -46,10 +46,6 @@ class Reline::Config
   end
 
   attr_accessor :autocompletion
-  attr_reader :dialog_default_bg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_default_fg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_highlight_bg_color_sequence,
-    :dialog_highlight_fg_color_sequence
 
   def initialize
     @additional_key_bindings = {} # from inputrc
@@ -75,10 +71,6 @@ class Reline::Config
     @test_mode = false
     @autocompletion = false
     @convert_meta = true if seven_bit_encoding?(Reline::IOGate.encoding)
-    @dialog_default_bg_color_sequence = nil
-    @dialog_highlight_bg_color_sequence = nil
-    @dialog_default_fg_color_sequence = nil
-    @dialog_highlight_fg_color_sequence = nil
   end
 
   def reset
@@ -101,66 +93,7 @@ class Reline::Config
   end
 
   def editing_mode_is?(*val)
-    (val.respond_to?(:any?) ? val : [val]).any?(@editing_mode_label)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_default_bg_color=(color)
-    @dialog_default_bg_color_sequence = dialog_color_to_code(:bg, color)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_default_fg_color=(color)
-    @dialog_default_fg_color_sequence = dialog_color_to_code(:fg, color)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_highlight_bg_color=(color)
-    @dialog_highlight_bg_color_sequence = dialog_color_to_code(:bg, color)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_highlight_fg_color=(color)
-    @dialog_highlight_fg_color_sequence = dialog_color_to_code(:fg, color)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_default_bg_color
-    dialog_code_to_color(:bg, @dialog_default_bg_color_sequence)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_default_fg_color
-    dialog_code_to_color(:fg, @dialog_default_fg_color_sequence)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_highlight_bg_color
-    dialog_code_to_color(:bg, @dialog_highlight_bg_color_sequence)
-  end
-
-  def dialog_highlight_fg_color
-    dialog_code_to_color(:fg, @dialog_highlight_fg_color_sequence)
-  end
-
-  COLORS = [
-    :black,
-    :red,
-    :green,
-    :yellow,
-    :blue,
-    :magenta,
-    :cyan,
-    :white
-  ].freeze
-
-  private def dialog_color_to_code(type, color)
-    base = type == :bg ? 40 : 30
-    c = COLORS.index(color.to_sym)
-
-    if c
-      base + c
-    else
-      raise ArgumentError.new("Unknown color: #{color}.\nAvailable colors: #{COLORS.join(", ")}")
-    end
-  end
-
-  private def dialog_code_to_color(type, code)
-    base = type == :bg ? 40 : 30
-    COLORS[code - base]
+    val.any?(@editing_mode_label)
   end
 
   def keymap
@@ -319,7 +252,7 @@ class Reline::Config
       end
       @skip_section = @if_stack.pop
     when 'include'
-      read(args)
+      read(File.expand_path(args))
     end
   end
 
@@ -395,14 +328,6 @@ class Reline::Config
       @vi_ins_mode_string = retrieve_string(value)
     when 'emacs-mode-string'
       @emacs_mode_string = retrieve_string(value)
-    when 'dialog-default-bg-color'
-      self.dialog_default_bg_color = value
-    when 'dialog-default-fg-color'
-      self.dialog_default_fg_color = value
-    when 'dialog-highlight-bg-color'
-      self.dialog_highlight_bg_color = value
-    when 'dialog-highlight-fg-color'
-      self.dialog_highlight_fg_color = value
     when *VARIABLE_NAMES then
       variable_name = :"@#{name.tr(?-, ?_)}"
       instance_variable_set(variable_name, value.nil? || value == '1' || value == 'on')
diff --git a/lib/reline/face.rb b/lib/reline/face.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e18ec957e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/reline/face.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class Reline::Face
+  SGR_PARAMETERS = {
+    foreground: {
+      black: 30,
+      red: 31,
+      green: 32,
+      yellow: 33,
+      blue: 34,
+      magenta: 35,
+      cyan: 36,
+      white: 37,
+      bright_black: 90,
+      gray: 90,
+      bright_red: 91,
+      bright_green: 92,
+      bright_yellow: 93,
+      bright_blue: 94,
+      bright_magenta: 95,
+      bright_cyan: 96,
+      bright_white: 97
+    },
+    background: {
+      black: 40,
+      red: 41,
+      green: 42,
+      yellow: 43,
+      blue: 44,
+      magenta: 45,
+      cyan: 46,
+      white: 47,
+      bright_black: 100,
+      gray: 100,
+      bright_red: 101,
+      bright_green: 102,
+      bright_yellow: 103,
+      bright_blue: 104,
+      bright_magenta: 105,
+      bright_cyan: 106,
+      bright_white: 107,
+    },
+    style: {
+      reset: 0,
+      bold: 1,
+      faint: 2,
+      italicized: 3,
+      underlined: 4,
+      slowly_blinking: 5,
+      blinking: 5,
+      rapidly_blinking: 6,
+      negative: 7,
+      concealed: 8,
+      crossed_out: 9
+    }
+  }.freeze
+
+  class Config
+    ESSENTIAL_DEFINE_NAMES = %i(default enhanced scrollbar).freeze
+    RESET_SGR = "\e[0m".freeze
+
+    def initialize(name, &block)
+      @definition = {}
+      block.call(self)
+      ESSENTIAL_DEFINE_NAMES.each do |name|
+        @definition[name] ||= { style: :reset, escape_sequence: RESET_SGR }
+      end
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :definition
+
+    def define(name, **values)
+      values[:escape_sequence] = format_to_sgr(values.to_a).freeze
+      @definition[name] = values
+    end
+
+    def reconfigure
+      @definition.each_value do |values|
+        values.delete(:escape_sequence)
+        values[:escape_sequence] = format_to_sgr(values.to_a).freeze
+      end
+    end
+
+    def [](name)
+      @definition.dig(name, :escape_sequence) or raise ArgumentError, "unknown face: #{name}"
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def sgr_rgb(key, value)
+      return nil unless rgb_expression?(value)
+      if Reline::Face.truecolor?
+        sgr_rgb_truecolor(key, value)
+      else
+        sgr_rgb_256color(key, value)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def sgr_rgb_truecolor(key, value)
+      case key
+      when :foreground
+        "38;2;"
+      when :background
+        "48;2;"
+      end + value[1, 6].scan(/../).map(&:hex).join(";")
+    end
+
+    def sgr_rgb_256color(key, value)
+      # 256 colors are
+      # 0..15: standard colors, hight intensity colors
+      # 16..232: 216 colors (R, G, B each 6 steps)
+      # 233..255: grayscale colors (24 steps)
+      # This methods converts rgb_expression to 216 colors
+      rgb = value[1, 6].scan(/../).map(&:hex)
+      # Color steps are [0, 95, 135, 175, 215, 255]
+      r, g, b = rgb.map { |v| v <= 95 ? v / 48 : (v - 35) / 40 }
+      color = (16 + 36 * r + 6 * g + b)
+      case key
+      when :foreground
+        "38;5;#{color}"
+      when :background
+        "48;5;#{color}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def format_to_sgr(ordered_values)
+      sgr = "\e[" + ordered_values.map do |key_value|
+        key, value = key_value
+        case key
+        when :foreground, :background
+          case value
+          when Symbol
+            SGR_PARAMETERS[key][value]
+          when String
+            sgr_rgb(key, value)
+          end
+        when :style
+          [ value ].flatten.map do |style_name|
+            SGR_PARAMETERS[:style][style_name]
+          end.then do |sgr_parameters|
+            sgr_parameters.include?(nil) ? nil : sgr_parameters
+          end
+        end.then do |rendition_expression|
+          unless rendition_expression
+            raise ArgumentError, "invalid SGR parameter: #{value.inspect}"
+          end
+          rendition_expression
+        end
+      end.join(';') + "m"
+      sgr == RESET_SGR ? RESET_SGR : RESET_SGR + sgr
+    end
+
+    def rgb_expression?(color)
+      color.respond_to?(:match?) and color.match?(/\A#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}\z/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private_constant :SGR_PARAMETERS, :Config
+
+  def self.truecolor?
+    @force_truecolor || %w[truecolor 24bit].include?(ENV['COLORTERM'])
+  end
+
+  def self.force_truecolor
+    @force_truecolor = true
+    @configs&.each_value(&:reconfigure)
+  end
+
+  def self.[](name)
+    @configs[name]
+  end
+
+  def self.config(name, &block)
+    @configs ||= {}
+    @configs[name] = Config.new(name, &block)
+  end
+
+  def self.configs
+    @configs.transform_values(&:definition)
+  end
+
+  def self.load_initial_configs
+    config(:default) do |conf|
+      conf.define :default, style: :reset
+      conf.define :enhanced, style: :reset
+      conf.define :scrollbar, style: :reset
+    end
+    config(:completion_dialog) do |conf|
+      conf.define :default, foreground: :white, background: :cyan
+      conf.define :enhanced, foreground: :white, background: :magenta
+      conf.define :scrollbar, foreground: :white, background: :cyan
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.reset_to_initial_configs
+    @configs = {}
+    load_initial_configs
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/reline/general_io.rb b/lib/reline/general_io.rb
index 3fafad5c6e..eaae63f925 100644
--- a/lib/reline/general_io.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/general_io.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
-require 'timeout'
 require 'io/wait'
 
 class Reline::GeneralIO
   def self.reset(encoding: nil)
     @@pasting = false
-    @@encoding = encoding
+    if encoding
+      @@encoding = encoding
+    elsif defined?(@@encoding)
+      remove_class_variable(:@@encoding)
+    end
   end
 
   def self.encoding
@@ -31,7 +34,11 @@ class Reline::GeneralIO
     @@input = val
   end
 
-  def self.getc
+  def self.with_raw_input
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def self.getc(_timeout_second)
     unless @@buf.empty?
       return @@buf.shift
     end
@@ -57,6 +64,12 @@ class Reline::GeneralIO
     Reline::CursorPos.new(1, 1)
   end
 
+  def self.hide_cursor
+  end
+
+  def self.show_cursor
+  end
+
   def self.move_cursor_column(val)
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/reline/key_stroke.rb b/lib/reline/key_stroke.rb
index c1c61513a9..bceffbb53f 100644
--- a/lib/reline/key_stroke.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/key_stroke.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 class Reline::KeyStroke
+  ESC_BYTE = 27
+  CSI_PARAMETER_BYTES_RANGE = 0x30..0x3f
+  CSI_INTERMEDIATE_BYTES_RANGE = (0x20..0x2f)
+
   def initialize(config)
     @config = config
   end
@@ -73,17 +77,26 @@ class Reline::KeyStroke
       return :matched  if it.max_by(&:size)&.size&.< input.size
       return :matching if it.size > 1
     }
-    key_mapping.keys.select { |lhs|
-      start_with?(input, lhs)
-    }.tap { |it|
-      return it.size > 0 ? :matched : :unmatched
-    }
+    if key_mapping.keys.any? { |lhs| start_with?(input, lhs) }
+      :matched
+    else
+      match_unknown_escape_sequence(input).first
+    end
   end
 
   def expand(input)
-    input = compress_meta_key(input)
     lhs = key_mapping.keys.select { |item| start_with?(input, item) }.sort_by(&:size).last
-    return input unless lhs
+    unless lhs
+      status, size = match_unknown_escape_sequence(input)
+      case status
+      when :matched
+        return [:ed_unassigned] + expand(input.drop(size))
+      when :matching
+        return [:ed_unassigned]
+      else
+        return input
+      end
+    end
     rhs = key_mapping[lhs]
 
     case rhs
@@ -99,6 +112,36 @@ class Reline::KeyStroke
 
   private
 
+  # returns match status of CSI/SS3 sequence and matched length
+  def match_unknown_escape_sequence(input)
+    idx = 0
+    return [:unmatched, nil] unless input[idx] == ESC_BYTE
+    idx += 1
+    idx += 1 if input[idx] == ESC_BYTE
+
+    case input[idx]
+    when nil
+      return [:matching, nil]
+    when 91 # == '['.ord
+      # CSI sequence
+      idx += 1
+      idx += 1 while idx < input.size && CSI_PARAMETER_BYTES_RANGE.cover?(input[idx])
+      idx += 1 while idx < input.size && CSI_INTERMEDIATE_BYTES_RANGE.cover?(input[idx])
+      input[idx] ? [:matched, idx + 1] : [:matching, nil]
+    when 79 # == 'O'.ord
+      # SS3 sequence
+      input[idx + 1] ? [:matched, idx + 2] : [:matching, nil]
+    else
+      if idx == 1
+        # `ESC char`, make it :unmatched so that it will be handled correctly in `read_2nd_character_of_key_sequence`
+        [:unmatched, nil]
+      else
+        # `ESC ESC char`
+        [:matched, idx + 1]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def key_mapping
     @config.key_bindings
   end
diff --git a/lib/reline/line_editor.rb b/lib/reline/line_editor.rb
index 8d0719ef7c..d71b903701 100644
--- a/lib/reline/line_editor.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/line_editor.rb
@@ -48,10 +48,11 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     PERFECT_MATCH = :perfect_match
   end
 
-  CompletionJourneyData = Struct.new('CompletionJourneyData', :preposing, :postposing, :list, :pointer)
-  MenuInfo = Struct.new('MenuInfo', :target, :list)
+  CompletionJourneyData = Struct.new(:preposing, :postposing, :list, :pointer)
+  MenuInfo = Struct.new(:target, :list)
 
   PROMPT_LIST_CACHE_TIMEOUT = 0.5
+  MINIMUM_SCROLLBAR_HEIGHT = 1
 
   def initialize(config, encoding)
     @config = config
@@ -59,6 +60,10 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     reset_variables(encoding: encoding)
   end
 
+  def io_gate
+    Reline::IOGate
+  end
+
   def set_pasting_state(in_pasting)
     @in_pasting = in_pasting
   end
@@ -93,7 +98,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     mode_string
   end
 
-  private def check_multiline_prompt(buffer)
+  private def check_multiline_prompt(buffer, force_recalc: false)
     if @vi_arg
       prompt = "(arg: #{@vi_arg}) "
       @rerender_all = true
@@ -103,7 +108,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     else
       prompt = @prompt
     end
-    if simplified_rendering?
+    if simplified_rendering? && !force_recalc
       mode_string = check_mode_string
       prompt = mode_string + prompt if mode_string
       return [prompt, calculate_width(prompt, true), [prompt] * buffer.size]
@@ -219,7 +224,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
 
   def set_signal_handlers
     @old_trap = Signal.trap('INT') {
-      clear_dialog
+      clear_dialog(0)
       if @scroll_partial_screen
         move_cursor_down(@screen_height - (@line_index - @scroll_partial_screen) - 1)
       else
@@ -238,21 +243,10 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
         @old_trap.call if @old_trap.respond_to?(:call)
       end
     }
-    begin
-      @old_tstp_trap = Signal.trap('TSTP') {
-        Reline::IOGate.ungetc("\C-z".ord)
-        @old_tstp_trap.call if @old_tstp_trap.respond_to?(:call)
-      }
-    rescue ArgumentError
-    end
   end
 
   def finalize
     Signal.trap('INT', @old_trap)
-    begin
-      Signal.trap('TSTP', @old_tstp_trap)
-    rescue ArgumentError
-    end
   end
 
   def eof?
@@ -293,6 +287,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     @in_pasting = false
     @auto_indent_proc = nil
     @dialogs = []
+    @previous_rendered_dialog_y = 0
     @last_key = nil
     @resized = false
     reset_line
@@ -439,6 +434,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       @menu_info = nil
     end
     prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(whole_lines)
+    cursor_column = (prompt_width + @cursor) % @screen_size.last
     if @cleared
       clear_screen_buffer(prompt, prompt_list, prompt_width)
       @cleared = false
@@ -449,34 +445,30 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_up(@first_line_started_from + @started_from - @scroll_partial_screen)
       Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(0)
       @scroll_partial_screen = nil
-      prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(whole_lines)
-      if @previous_line_index
-        new_lines = whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line)
-      else
-        new_lines = whole_lines
-      end
+      new_lines = whole_lines
+      prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(new_lines)
       modify_lines(new_lines).each_with_index do |line, index|
-        @output.write "#{prompt_list ? prompt_list[index] : prompt}#{line}\n"
+        @output.write "#{prompt_list ? prompt_list[index] : prompt}#{line}\r\n"
         Reline::IOGate.erase_after_cursor
       end
       @output.flush
-      clear_dialog
+      clear_dialog(cursor_column)
       return
     end
     new_highest_in_this = calculate_height_by_width(prompt_width + calculate_width(@line.nil? ? '' : @line))
     rendered = false
     if @add_newline_to_end_of_buffer
-      clear_dialog_with_content
-      rerender_added_newline(prompt, prompt_width)
+      clear_dialog_with_trap_key(cursor_column)
+      rerender_added_newline(prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list)
       @add_newline_to_end_of_buffer = false
     else
       if @just_cursor_moving and not @rerender_all
-        clear_dialog_with_content
+        clear_dialog_with_trap_key(cursor_column)
         rendered = just_move_cursor
         @just_cursor_moving = false
         return
       elsif @previous_line_index or new_highest_in_this != @highest_in_this
-        clear_dialog_with_content
+        clear_dialog_with_trap_key(cursor_column)
         rerender_changed_current_line
         @previous_line_index = nil
         rendered = true
@@ -490,13 +482,9 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     if @is_multiline
       if finished?
         # Always rerender on finish because output_modifier_proc may return a different output.
-        if @previous_line_index
-          new_lines = whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line)
-        else
-          new_lines = whole_lines
-        end
+        new_lines = whole_lines
         line = modify_lines(new_lines)[@line_index]
-        clear_dialog
+        clear_dialog(cursor_column)
         prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(new_lines)
         render_partial(prompt, prompt_width, line, @first_line_started_from)
         move_cursor_down(@highest_in_all - (@first_line_started_from + @highest_in_this - 1) - 1)
@@ -509,7 +497,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
           prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(whole_lines)
           render_partial(prompt, prompt_width, line, @first_line_started_from)
         end
-        render_dialog((prompt_width + @cursor) % @screen_size.last)
+        render_dialog(cursor_column)
       end
       @buffer_of_lines[@line_index] = @line
       @rest_height = 0 if @scroll_partial_screen
@@ -578,6 +566,16 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       @line_editor.instance_variable_get(:@screen_size).last
     end
 
+    def screen_height
+      @line_editor.instance_variable_get(:@screen_size).first
+    end
+
+    def preferred_dialog_height
+      rest_height = @line_editor.instance_variable_get(:@rest_height)
+      scroll_partial_screen = @line_editor.instance_variable_get(:@scroll_partial_screen) || 0
+      [cursor_pos.y - scroll_partial_screen, rest_height, (screen_height + 6) / 5].max
+    end
+
     def completion_journey_data
       @line_editor.instance_variable_get(:@completion_journey_data)
     end
@@ -593,7 +591,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
 
   class Dialog
     attr_reader :name, :contents, :width
-    attr_accessor :scroll_top, :scrollbar_pos, :pointer, :column, :vertical_offset, :lines_backup, :trap_key
+    attr_accessor :scroll_top, :pointer, :column, :vertical_offset, :trap_key
 
     def initialize(name, config, proc_scope)
       @name = name
@@ -649,18 +647,127 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
 
   DIALOG_DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 20
   private def render_dialog(cursor_column)
-    @dialogs.each do |dialog|
-      render_each_dialog(dialog, cursor_column)
+    changes = @dialogs.map do |dialog|
+      old_dialog = dialog.dup
+      update_each_dialog(dialog, cursor_column)
+      [old_dialog, dialog]
     end
+    render_dialog_changes(changes, cursor_column)
   end
 
   private def padding_space_with_escape_sequences(str, width)
-    str + (' ' * (width - calculate_width(str, true)))
+    padding_width = width - calculate_width(str, true)
+    # padding_width should be only positive value. But macOS and Alacritty returns negative value.
+    padding_width = 0 if padding_width < 0
+    str + (' ' * padding_width)
+  end
+
+  private def range_subtract(base_ranges, subtract_ranges)
+    indices = base_ranges.flat_map(&:to_a).uniq.sort - subtract_ranges.flat_map(&:to_a)
+    chunks = indices.chunk_while { |a, b| a + 1 == b }
+    chunks.map { |a| a.first...a.last + 1 }
+  end
+
+  private def dialog_range(dialog, dialog_y)
+    x_range = dialog.column...dialog.column + dialog.width
+    y_range = dialog_y + dialog.vertical_offset...dialog_y + dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size
+    [x_range, y_range]
+  end
+
+  private def render_dialog_changes(changes, cursor_column)
+    # Collect x-coordinate range and content of previous and current dialogs for each line
+    old_dialog_ranges = {}
+    new_dialog_ranges = {}
+    new_dialog_contents = {}
+    changes.each do |old_dialog, new_dialog|
+      if old_dialog.contents
+        x_range, y_range = dialog_range(old_dialog, @previous_rendered_dialog_y)
+        y_range.each do |y|
+          (old_dialog_ranges[y] ||= []) << x_range
+        end
+      end
+      if new_dialog.contents
+        x_range, y_range = dialog_range(new_dialog, @first_line_started_from + @started_from)
+        y_range.each do |y|
+          (new_dialog_ranges[y] ||= []) << x_range
+          (new_dialog_contents[y] ||= []) << [x_range, new_dialog.contents[y - y_range.begin]]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    return if old_dialog_ranges.empty? && new_dialog_ranges.empty?
+
+    # Calculate x-coordinate ranges to restore text that was hidden behind dialogs for each line
+    ranges_to_restore = {}
+    subtract_cache = {}
+    old_dialog_ranges.each do |y, old_x_ranges|
+      new_x_ranges = new_dialog_ranges[y] || []
+      ranges = subtract_cache[[old_x_ranges, new_x_ranges]] ||= range_subtract(old_x_ranges, new_x_ranges)
+      ranges_to_restore[y] = ranges if ranges.any?
+    end
+
+    # Create visual_lines for restoring text hidden behind dialogs
+    if ranges_to_restore.any?
+      lines = whole_lines
+      prompt, _prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(lines, force_recalc: true)
+      modified_lines = modify_lines(lines, force_recalc: true)
+      visual_lines = []
+      modified_lines.each_with_index { |l, i|
+        pr = prompt_list ? prompt_list[i] : prompt
+        vl, = split_by_width(pr + l, @screen_size.last)
+        vl.compact!
+        visual_lines.concat(vl)
+      }
+    end
+
+    # Clear and rerender all dialogs line by line
+    Reline::IOGate.hide_cursor
+    ymin, ymax = (ranges_to_restore.keys + new_dialog_ranges.keys).minmax
+    scroll_partial_screen = @scroll_partial_screen || 0
+    screen_y_range = scroll_partial_screen..(scroll_partial_screen + @screen_height - 1)
+    ymin = ymin.clamp(screen_y_range.begin, screen_y_range.end)
+    ymax = ymax.clamp(screen_y_range.begin, screen_y_range.end)
+    dialog_y = @first_line_started_from + @started_from
+    cursor_y = dialog_y
+    if @highest_in_all <= ymax
+      scroll_down(ymax - cursor_y)
+      move_cursor_up(ymax - cursor_y)
+    end
+    (ymin..ymax).each do |y|
+      move_cursor_down(y - cursor_y)
+      cursor_y = y
+      new_x_ranges = new_dialog_ranges[y]
+      restore_ranges = ranges_to_restore[y]
+      # Restore text that was hidden behind dialogs
+      if restore_ranges
+        line = visual_lines[y] || ''
+        restore_ranges.each do |range|
+          col = range.begin
+          width = range.end - range.begin
+          s = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(Reline::Unicode.take_range(line, col, width), width)
+          Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(col)
+          @output.write "\e[0m#{s}\e[0m"
+        end
+        max_column = [calculate_width(line, true), new_x_ranges&.map(&:end)&.max || 0].max
+        if max_column < restore_ranges.map(&:end).max
+          Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(max_column)
+          Reline::IOGate.erase_after_cursor
+        end
+      end
+      # Render dialog contents
+      new_dialog_contents[y]&.each do |x_range, content|
+        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(x_range.begin)
+        @output.write "\e[0m#{content}\e[0m"
+      end
+    end
+    move_cursor_up(cursor_y - dialog_y)
+    Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(cursor_column)
+    Reline::IOGate.show_cursor
+
+    @previous_rendered_dialog_y = dialog_y
   end
 
-  private def render_each_dialog(dialog, cursor_column)
+  private def update_each_dialog(dialog, cursor_column)
     if @in_pasting
-      clear_each_dialog(dialog)
       dialog.contents = nil
       dialog.trap_key = nil
       return
@@ -668,29 +775,20 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     dialog.set_cursor_pos(cursor_column, @first_line_started_from + @started_from)
     dialog_render_info = dialog.call(@last_key)
     if dialog_render_info.nil? or dialog_render_info.contents.nil? or dialog_render_info.contents.empty?
-      dialog.lines_backup = {
-        lines: modify_lines(whole_lines),
-        line_index: @line_index,
-        first_line_started_from: @first_line_started_from,
-        started_from: @started_from,
-        byte_pointer: @byte_pointer
-      }
-      clear_each_dialog(dialog)
       dialog.contents = nil
       dialog.trap_key = nil
       return
     end
-    old_dialog = dialog.clone
-    dialog.contents = dialog_render_info.contents
+    contents = dialog_render_info.contents
     pointer = dialog.pointer
     if dialog_render_info.width
       dialog.width = dialog_render_info.width
     else
-      dialog.width = dialog.contents.map { |l| calculate_width(l, true) }.max
+      dialog.width = contents.map { |l| calculate_width(l, true) }.max
     end
     height = dialog_render_info.height || DIALOG_DEFAULT_HEIGHT
-    height = dialog.contents.size if dialog.contents.size < height
-    if dialog.contents.size > height
+    height = contents.size if contents.size < height
+    if contents.size > height
       if dialog.pointer
         if dialog.pointer < 0
           dialog.scroll_top = 0
@@ -700,24 +798,24 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
           dialog.scroll_top = dialog.pointer
         end
         pointer = dialog.pointer - dialog.scroll_top
+      else
+        dialog.scroll_top = 0
       end
-      dialog.contents = dialog.contents[dialog.scroll_top, height]
-    end
-    if dialog.contents and dialog.scroll_top >= dialog.contents.size
-      dialog.scroll_top = dialog.contents.size - height
+      contents = contents[dialog.scroll_top, height]
     end
     if dialog_render_info.scrollbar and dialog_render_info.contents.size > height
       bar_max_height = height * 2
       moving_distance = (dialog_render_info.contents.size - height) * 2
       position_ratio = dialog.scroll_top.zero? ? 0.0 : ((dialog.scroll_top * 2).to_f / moving_distance)
-      bar_height = (bar_max_height * ((dialog.contents.size * 2).to_f / (dialog_render_info.contents.size * 2))).floor.to_i
-      dialog.scrollbar_pos = ((bar_max_height - bar_height) * position_ratio).floor.to_i
+      bar_height = (bar_max_height * ((contents.size * 2).to_f / (dialog_render_info.contents.size * 2))).floor.to_i
+      bar_height = MINIMUM_SCROLLBAR_HEIGHT if bar_height < MINIMUM_SCROLLBAR_HEIGHT
+      scrollbar_pos = ((bar_max_height - bar_height) * position_ratio).floor.to_i
     else
-      dialog.scrollbar_pos = nil
+      scrollbar_pos = nil
     end
     upper_space = @first_line_started_from - @started_from
     dialog.column = dialog_render_info.pos.x
-    dialog.width += @block_elem_width if dialog.scrollbar_pos
+    dialog.width += @block_elem_width if scrollbar_pos
     diff = (dialog.column + dialog.width) - (@screen_size.last)
     if diff > 0
       dialog.column -= diff
@@ -727,208 +825,53 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     elsif upper_space >= height
       dialog.vertical_offset = dialog_render_info.pos.y - height
     else
-      if (@rest_height - dialog_render_info.pos.y) < height
-        scroll_down(height + dialog_render_info.pos.y)
-        move_cursor_up(height + dialog_render_info.pos.y)
-      end
       dialog.vertical_offset = dialog_render_info.pos.y + 1
     end
-    Reline::IOGate.hide_cursor
     if dialog.column < 0
       dialog.column = 0
       dialog.width = @screen_size.last
     end
-    reset_dialog(dialog, old_dialog)
-    move_cursor_down(dialog.vertical_offset)
-    Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(dialog.column)
-    dialog.contents.each_with_index do |item, i|
-      if i == pointer
-        fg_color = dialog_render_info.pointer_fg_color
-        bg_color = dialog_render_info.pointer_bg_color
-      else
-        fg_color = dialog_render_info.fg_color
-        bg_color = dialog_render_info.bg_color
-      end
-      str_width = dialog.width - (dialog.scrollbar_pos.nil? ? 0 : @block_elem_width)
+    face = Reline::Face[dialog_render_info.face || :default]
+    scrollbar_sgr = face[:scrollbar]
+    default_sgr = face[:default]
+    enhanced_sgr = face[:enhanced]
+    dialog.contents = contents.map.with_index do |item, i|
+      line_sgr = i == pointer ? enhanced_sgr : default_sgr
+      str_width = dialog.width - (scrollbar_pos.nil? ? 0 : @block_elem_width)
       str = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(Reline::Unicode.take_range(item, 0, str_width), str_width)
-      @output.write "\e[#{bg_color}m\e[#{fg_color}m#{str}"
-      if dialog.scrollbar_pos and (dialog.scrollbar_pos != old_dialog.scrollbar_pos or dialog.column != old_dialog.column)
-        @output.write "\e[37m"
-        if dialog.scrollbar_pos <= (i * 2) and (i * 2 + 1) < (dialog.scrollbar_pos + bar_height)
-          @output.write @full_block
-        elsif dialog.scrollbar_pos <= (i * 2) and (i * 2) < (dialog.scrollbar_pos + bar_height)
-          @output.write @upper_half_block
-          str += ''
-        elsif dialog.scrollbar_pos <= (i * 2 + 1) and (i * 2) < (dialog.scrollbar_pos + bar_height)
-          @output.write @lower_half_block
+      colored_content = "#{line_sgr}#{str}"
+      if scrollbar_pos
+        if scrollbar_pos <= (i * 2) and (i * 2 + 1) < (scrollbar_pos + bar_height)
+          colored_content + scrollbar_sgr + @full_block
+        elsif scrollbar_pos <= (i * 2) and (i * 2) < (scrollbar_pos + bar_height)
+          colored_content + scrollbar_sgr + @upper_half_block
+        elsif scrollbar_pos <= (i * 2 + 1) and (i * 2) < (scrollbar_pos + bar_height)
+          colored_content + scrollbar_sgr + @lower_half_block
         else
-          @output.write ' ' * @block_elem_width
+          colored_content + scrollbar_sgr + ' ' * @block_elem_width
         end
+      else
+        colored_content
       end
-      @output.write "\e[0m"
-      Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(dialog.column)
-      move_cursor_down(1) if i < (dialog.contents.size - 1)
-    end
-    Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(cursor_column)
-    move_cursor_up(dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size - 1)
-    Reline::IOGate.show_cursor
-    dialog.lines_backup = {
-      lines: modify_lines(whole_lines),
-      line_index: @line_index,
-      first_line_started_from: @first_line_started_from,
-      started_from: @started_from,
-      byte_pointer: @byte_pointer
-    }
-  end
-
-  private def reset_dialog(dialog, old_dialog)
-    return if dialog.lines_backup.nil? or old_dialog.contents.nil?
-    prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(dialog.lines_backup[:lines])
-    visual_lines = []
-    visual_start = nil
-    dialog.lines_backup[:lines].each_with_index { |l, i|
-      pr = prompt_list ? prompt_list[i] : prompt
-      vl, _ = split_by_width(pr + l, @screen_size.last)
-      vl.compact!
-      if i == dialog.lines_backup[:line_index]
-        visual_start = visual_lines.size + dialog.lines_backup[:started_from]
-      end
-      visual_lines.concat(vl)
-    }
-    old_y = dialog.lines_backup[:first_line_started_from] + dialog.lines_backup[:started_from]
-    y = @first_line_started_from + @started_from
-    y_diff = y - old_y
-    if (old_y + old_dialog.vertical_offset) < (y + dialog.vertical_offset)
-      # rerender top
-      move_cursor_down(old_dialog.vertical_offset - y_diff)
-      start = visual_start + old_dialog.vertical_offset
-      line_num = dialog.vertical_offset - old_dialog.vertical_offset
-      line_num.times do |i|
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(old_dialog.column)
-        if visual_lines[start + i].nil?
-          s = ' ' * old_dialog.width
-        else
-          s = Reline::Unicode.take_range(visual_lines[start + i], old_dialog.column, old_dialog.width)
-          s = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(s, old_dialog.width)
-        end
-        @output.write "\e[0m#{s}\e[0m"
-        move_cursor_down(1) if i < (line_num - 1)
-      end
-      move_cursor_up(old_dialog.vertical_offset + line_num - 1 - y_diff)
-    end
-    if (old_y + old_dialog.vertical_offset + old_dialog.contents.size) > (y + dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size)
-      # rerender bottom
-      move_cursor_down(dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size - y_diff)
-      start = visual_start + dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size
-      line_num = (old_dialog.vertical_offset + old_dialog.contents.size) - (dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size)
-      line_num.times do |i|
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(old_dialog.column)
-        if visual_lines[start + i].nil?
-          s = ' ' * old_dialog.width
-        else
-          s = Reline::Unicode.take_range(visual_lines[start + i], old_dialog.column, old_dialog.width)
-          s = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(s, old_dialog.width)
-        end
-        @output.write "\e[0m#{s}\e[0m"
-        move_cursor_down(1) if i < (line_num - 1)
-      end
-      move_cursor_up(dialog.vertical_offset + dialog.contents.size + line_num - 1 - y_diff)
-    end
-    if old_dialog.column < dialog.column
-      # rerender left
-      move_cursor_down(old_dialog.vertical_offset - y_diff)
-      width = dialog.column - old_dialog.column
-      start = visual_start + old_dialog.vertical_offset
-      line_num = old_dialog.contents.size
-      line_num.times do |i|
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(old_dialog.column)
-        if visual_lines[start + i].nil?
-          s = ' ' * width
-        else
-          s = Reline::Unicode.take_range(visual_lines[start + i], old_dialog.column, width)
-          s = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(s, dialog.width)
-        end
-        @output.write "\e[0m#{s}\e[0m"
-        move_cursor_down(1) if i < (line_num - 1)
-      end
-      move_cursor_up(old_dialog.vertical_offset + line_num - 1 - y_diff)
-    end
-    if (old_dialog.column + old_dialog.width) > (dialog.column + dialog.width)
-      # rerender right
-      move_cursor_down(old_dialog.vertical_offset + y_diff)
-      width = (old_dialog.column + old_dialog.width) - (dialog.column + dialog.width)
-      start = visual_start + old_dialog.vertical_offset
-      line_num = old_dialog.contents.size
-      line_num.times do |i|
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(old_dialog.column + dialog.width)
-        if visual_lines[start + i].nil?
-          s = ' ' * width
-        else
-          s = Reline::Unicode.take_range(visual_lines[start + i], old_dialog.column + dialog.width, width)
-          rerender_width = old_dialog.width - dialog.width
-          s = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(s, rerender_width)
-        end
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(dialog.column + dialog.width)
-        @output.write "\e[0m#{s}\e[0m"
-        move_cursor_down(1) if i < (line_num - 1)
-      end
-      move_cursor_up(old_dialog.vertical_offset + line_num - 1 + y_diff)
     end
-    Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column((prompt_width + @cursor) % @screen_size.last)
   end
 
-  private def clear_dialog
-    @dialogs.each do |dialog|
-      clear_each_dialog(dialog)
+  private def clear_dialog(cursor_column)
+    changes = @dialogs.map do |dialog|
+      old_dialog = dialog.dup
+      dialog.contents = nil
+      [old_dialog, dialog]
     end
+    render_dialog_changes(changes, cursor_column)
   end
 
-  private def clear_dialog_with_content
+  private def clear_dialog_with_trap_key(cursor_column)
+    clear_dialog(cursor_column)
     @dialogs.each do |dialog|
-      clear_each_dialog(dialog)
-      dialog.contents = nil
       dialog.trap_key = nil
     end
   end
 
-  private def clear_each_dialog(dialog)
-    dialog.trap_key = nil
-    return unless dialog.contents
-    prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(dialog.lines_backup[:lines])
-    visual_lines = []
-    visual_lines_under_dialog = []
-    visual_start = nil
-    dialog.lines_backup[:lines].each_with_index { |l, i|
-      pr = prompt_list ? prompt_list[i] : prompt
-      vl, _ = split_by_width(pr + l, @screen_size.last)
-      vl.compact!
-      if i == dialog.lines_backup[:line_index]
-        visual_start = visual_lines.size + dialog.lines_backup[:started_from] + dialog.vertical_offset
-      end
-      visual_lines.concat(vl)
-    }
-    visual_lines_under_dialog = visual_lines[visual_start, dialog.contents.size]
-    visual_lines_under_dialog = [] if visual_lines_under_dialog.nil?
-    Reline::IOGate.hide_cursor
-    move_cursor_down(dialog.vertical_offset)
-    dialog_vertical_size = dialog.contents.size
-    dialog_vertical_size.times do |i|
-      if i < visual_lines_under_dialog.size
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(dialog.column)
-        str = Reline::Unicode.take_range(visual_lines_under_dialog[i], dialog.column, dialog.width)
-        str = padding_space_with_escape_sequences(str, dialog.width)
-        @output.write "\e[0m#{str}\e[0m"
-      else
-        Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column(dialog.column)
-        @output.write "\e[0m#{' ' * dialog.width}\e[0m"
-      end
-      move_cursor_down(1) if i < (dialog_vertical_size - 1)
-    end
-    move_cursor_up(dialog_vertical_size - 1 + dialog.vertical_offset)
-    Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column((prompt_width + @cursor) % @screen_size.last)
-    Reline::IOGate.show_cursor
-  end
-
   private def calculate_scroll_partial_screen(highest_in_all, cursor_y)
     if @screen_height < highest_in_all
       old_scroll_partial_screen = @scroll_partial_screen
@@ -962,11 +905,20 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     end
   end
 
-  private def rerender_added_newline(prompt, prompt_width)
-    scroll_down(1)
+  private def rerender_added_newline(prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list)
     @buffer_of_lines[@previous_line_index] = @line
     @line = @buffer_of_lines[@line_index]
-    unless @in_pasting
+    @previous_line_index = nil
+    if @in_pasting
+      scroll_down(1)
+    else
+      lines = whole_lines
+      prev_line_prompt = @prompt_proc ? prompt_list[@line_index - 1] : prompt
+      prev_line_prompt_width = @prompt_proc ? calculate_width(prev_line_prompt, true) : prompt_width
+      prev_line = modify_lines(lines)[@line_index - 1]
+      move_cursor_up(@started_from)
+      render_partial(prev_line_prompt, prev_line_prompt_width, prev_line, @first_line_started_from + @started_from, with_control: false)
+      scroll_down(1)
       render_partial(prompt, prompt_width, @line, @first_line_started_from + @started_from + 1, with_control: false)
     end
     @cursor = @cursor_max = calculate_width(@line)
@@ -975,7 +927,6 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     @highest_in_this = calculate_height_by_width(prompt_width + @cursor_max)
     @first_line_started_from += @started_from + 1
     @started_from = calculate_height_by_width(prompt_width + @cursor) - 1
-    @previous_line_index = nil
   end
 
   def just_move_cursor
@@ -988,22 +939,18 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
         calculate_height_by_lines(@buffer_of_lines[0..(@line_index - 1)], prompt_list || prompt)
       end
     first_line_diff = new_first_line_started_from - @first_line_started_from
-    new_cursor, new_cursor_max, new_started_from, new_byte_pointer = calculate_nearest_cursor(@buffer_of_lines[@line_index], @cursor, @started_from, @byte_pointer, false)
-    new_started_from = calculate_height_by_width(prompt_width + new_cursor) - 1
+    @cursor, @cursor_max, _, @byte_pointer = calculate_nearest_cursor(@buffer_of_lines[@line_index], @cursor, @started_from, @byte_pointer, false)
+    new_started_from = calculate_height_by_width(prompt_width + @cursor) - 1
     calculate_scroll_partial_screen(@highest_in_all, new_first_line_started_from + new_started_from)
     @previous_line_index = nil
+    @line = @buffer_of_lines[@line_index]
     if @rerender_all
-      @line = @buffer_of_lines[@line_index]
       rerender_all_lines
       @rerender_all = false
       true
     else
-      @line = @buffer_of_lines[@line_index]
       @first_line_started_from = new_first_line_started_from
       @started_from = new_started_from
-      @cursor = new_cursor
-      @cursor_max = new_cursor_max
-      @byte_pointer = new_byte_pointer
       move_cursor_down(first_line_diff + @started_from)
       Reline::IOGate.move_cursor_column((prompt_width + @cursor) % @screen_size.last)
       false
@@ -1011,11 +958,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
   end
 
   private def rerender_changed_current_line
-    if @previous_line_index
-      new_lines = whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line)
-    else
-      new_lines = whole_lines
-    end
+    new_lines = whole_lines
     prompt, prompt_width, prompt_list = check_multiline_prompt(new_lines)
     all_height = calculate_height_by_lines(new_lines, prompt_list || prompt)
     diff = all_height - @highest_in_all
@@ -1236,8 +1179,8 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     height
   end
 
-  private def modify_lines(before)
-    return before if before.nil? || before.empty? || simplified_rendering?
+  private def modify_lines(before, force_recalc: false)
+    return before if !force_recalc && (before.nil? || before.empty? || simplified_rendering?)
 
     if after = @output_modifier_proc&.call("#{before.join("\n")}\n", complete: finished?)
       after.lines("\n").map { |l| l.chomp('') }
@@ -1369,8 +1312,8 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
         @completion_state = CompletionState::MENU
       end
       if not just_show_list and target < completed
-        @line = preposing + completed + completion_append_character.to_s + postposing
-        line_to_pointer = preposing + completed + completion_append_character.to_s
+        @line = (preposing + completed + completion_append_character.to_s + postposing).split("\n")[@line_index] || String.new(encoding: @encoding)
+        line_to_pointer = (preposing + completed + completion_append_character.to_s).split("\n").last || String.new(encoding: @encoding)
         @cursor_max = calculate_width(@line)
         @cursor = calculate_width(line_to_pointer)
         @byte_pointer = line_to_pointer.bytesize
@@ -1428,7 +1371,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     if @waiting_operator_proc
       if VI_MOTIONS.include?(method_symbol)
         old_cursor, old_byte_pointer = @cursor, @byte_pointer
-        @vi_arg = @waiting_operator_vi_arg if @waiting_operator_vi_arg > 1
+        @vi_arg = @waiting_operator_vi_arg if @waiting_operator_vi_arg&.> 1
         block.(true)
         unless @waiting_proc
           cursor_diff, byte_pointer_diff = @cursor - old_cursor, @byte_pointer - old_byte_pointer
@@ -1568,11 +1511,13 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       return if key.char >= 128 # maybe, first byte of multi byte
       method_symbol = @config.editing_mode.get_method(key.combined_char)
       if key.with_meta and method_symbol == :ed_unassigned
-        # split ESC + key
-        method_symbol = @config.editing_mode.get_method("\e".ord)
-        process_key("\e".ord, method_symbol)
-        method_symbol = @config.editing_mode.get_method(key.char)
-        process_key(key.char, method_symbol)
+        if @config.editing_mode_is?(:vi_command, :vi_insert)
+          # split ESC + key in vi mode
+          method_symbol = @config.editing_mode.get_method("\e".ord)
+          process_key("\e".ord, method_symbol)
+          method_symbol = @config.editing_mode.get_method(key.char)
+          process_key(key.char, method_symbol)
+        end
       else
         process_key(key.combined_char, method_symbol)
       end
@@ -1657,7 +1602,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     else
       @just_cursor_moving = false
     end
-    if @is_multiline and @auto_indent_proc and not simplified_rendering?
+    if @is_multiline and @auto_indent_proc and not simplified_rendering? and @line
       process_auto_indent
     end
   end
@@ -1696,14 +1641,14 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     return if not @check_new_auto_indent and @previous_line_index # move cursor up or down
     if @check_new_auto_indent and @previous_line_index and @previous_line_index > 0 and @line_index > @previous_line_index
       # Fix indent of a line when a newline is inserted to the next
-      new_lines = whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line)
+      new_lines = whole_lines
       new_indent = @auto_indent_proc.(new_lines[0..-3].push(''), @line_index - 1, 0, true)
       md = @line.match(/\A */)
       prev_indent = md[0].count(' ')
       @line = ' ' * new_indent + @line.lstrip
 
       new_indent = nil
-      result = @auto_indent_proc.(new_lines[0..-2], @line_index - 1, (new_lines[-2].size + 1), false)
+      result = @auto_indent_proc.(new_lines[0..-2], @line_index - 1, (new_lines[@line_index - 1].bytesize + 1), false)
       if result
         new_indent = result
       end
@@ -1711,23 +1656,20 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
         @line = ' ' * new_indent + @line.lstrip
       end
     end
-    if @previous_line_index
-      new_lines = whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line)
-    else
-      new_lines = whole_lines
-    end
+    new_lines = whole_lines
     new_indent = @auto_indent_proc.(new_lines, @line_index, @byte_pointer, @check_new_auto_indent)
-    new_indent = @cursor_max if new_indent&.> @cursor_max
     if new_indent&.>= 0
       md = new_lines[@line_index].match(/\A */)
       prev_indent = md[0].count(' ')
       if @check_new_auto_indent
-        @buffer_of_lines[@line_index] = ' ' * new_indent + @buffer_of_lines[@line_index].lstrip
+        line = @buffer_of_lines[@line_index] = ' ' * new_indent + @buffer_of_lines[@line_index].lstrip
         @cursor = new_indent
+        @cursor_max = calculate_width(line)
         @byte_pointer = new_indent
       else
         @line = ' ' * new_indent + @line.lstrip
         @cursor += new_indent - prev_indent
+        @cursor_max = calculate_width(@line)
         @byte_pointer += new_indent - prev_indent
       end
     end
@@ -1801,11 +1743,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       target = before
     end
     if @is_multiline
-      if @previous_line_index
-        lines = whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line)
-      else
-        lines = whole_lines
-      end
+      lines = whole_lines
       if @line_index > 0
         preposing = lines[0..(@line_index - 1)].join("\n") + "\n" + preposing
       end
@@ -1905,9 +1843,10 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     @cursor_max = calculate_width(@line)
   end
 
-  def whole_lines(index: @line_index, line: @line)
+  def whole_lines
+    index = @previous_line_index || @line_index
     temp_lines = @buffer_of_lines.dup
-    temp_lines[index] = line
+    temp_lines[index] = @line
     temp_lines
   end
 
@@ -1915,11 +1854,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     if @buffer_of_lines.size == 1 and @line.nil?
       nil
     else
-      if @previous_line_index
-        whole_lines(index: @previous_line_index, line: @line).join("\n")
-      else
-        whole_lines.join("\n")
-      end
+      whole_lines.join("\n")
     end
   end
 
@@ -1951,8 +1886,10 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
   end
 
   private def key_delete(key)
-    if @config.editing_mode_is?(:vi_insert, :emacs)
+    if @config.editing_mode_is?(:vi_insert)
       ed_delete_next_char(key)
+    elsif @config.editing_mode_is?(:emacs)
+      em_delete(key)
     end
   end
 
@@ -2658,7 +2595,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
   alias_method :kill_whole_line, :em_kill_line
 
   private def em_delete(key)
-    if (not @is_multiline and @line.empty?) or (@is_multiline and @line.empty? and @buffer_of_lines.size == 1)
+    if @line.empty? and (not @is_multiline or @buffer_of_lines.size == 1) and key == "\C-d".ord
       @line = nil
       if @buffer_of_lines.size > 1
         scroll_down(@highest_in_all - @first_line_started_from)
@@ -2756,6 +2693,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       @cursor_max -= width
     end
   end
+  alias_method :kill_word, :em_delete_next_word
 
   private def ed_delete_prev_word(key)
     if @byte_pointer > 0
@@ -2767,6 +2705,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
       @cursor_max -= width
     end
   end
+  alias_method :backward_kill_word, :ed_delete_prev_word
 
   private def ed_transpose_chars(key)
     if @byte_pointer > 0
@@ -3352,4 +3291,7 @@ class Reline::LineEditor
     @mark_pointer = new_pointer
   end
   alias_method :exchange_point_and_mark, :em_exchange_mark
+
+  private def em_meta_next(key)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/reline/terminfo.rb b/lib/reline/terminfo.rb
index f53642b919..2cfa32b9f7 100644
--- a/lib/reline/terminfo.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/terminfo.rb
@@ -31,21 +31,7 @@ module Reline::Terminfo
   @curses_dl = false
   def self.curses_dl
     return @curses_dl unless @curses_dl == false
-    if RUBY_VERSION >= '3.0.0'
-      # Gem module isn't defined in test-all of the Ruby repository, and
-      # Fiddle in Ruby 3.0.0 or later supports Fiddle::TYPE_VARIADIC.
-      fiddle_supports_variadic = true
-    elsif Fiddle.const_defined?(:VERSION,false) and Gem::Version.create(Fiddle::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.create('1.0.1')
-      # Fiddle::TYPE_VARIADIC is supported from Fiddle 1.0.1.
-      fiddle_supports_variadic = true
-    else
-      fiddle_supports_variadic = false
-    end
-    if fiddle_supports_variadic and not Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_VARIADIC)
-      # If the libffi version is not 3.0.5 or higher, there isn't TYPE_VARIADIC.
-      fiddle_supports_variadic = false
-    end
-    if fiddle_supports_variadic
+    if Fiddle.const_defined?(:TYPE_VARIADIC)
       curses_dl_files.each do |curses_name|
         result = Fiddle::Handle.new(curses_name)
       rescue Fiddle::DLError
diff --git a/lib/reline/unicode.rb b/lib/reline/unicode.rb
index 6000c9f82a..26ef207ba6 100644
--- a/lib/reline/unicode.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/unicode.rb
@@ -38,33 +38,8 @@ class Reline::Unicode
   NON_PRINTING_START = "\1"
   NON_PRINTING_END = "\2"
   CSI_REGEXP = /\e\[[\d;]*[ABCDEFGHJKSTfminsuhl]/
-  OSC_REGEXP = /\e\]\d+(?:;[^;]+)*\a/
+  OSC_REGEXP = /\e\]\d+(?:;[^;\a\e]+)*(?:\a|\e\\)/
   WIDTH_SCANNER = /\G(?:(#{NON_PRINTING_START})|(#{NON_PRINTING_END})|(#{CSI_REGEXP})|(#{OSC_REGEXP})|(\X))/o
-  NON_PRINTING_START_INDEX = 0
-  NON_PRINTING_END_INDEX = 1
-  CSI_REGEXP_INDEX = 2
-  OSC_REGEXP_INDEX = 3
-  GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX = 4
-
-  def self.get_mbchar_byte_size_by_first_char(c)
-    # Checks UTF-8 character byte size
-    case c.ord
-    # 0b0xxxxxxx
-    when ->(code) { (code ^ 0b10000000).allbits?(0b10000000) } then 1
-    # 0b110xxxxx
-    when ->(code) { (code ^ 0b00100000).allbits?(0b11100000) } then 2
-    # 0b1110xxxx
-    when ->(code) { (code ^ 0b00010000).allbits?(0b11110000) } then 3
-    # 0b11110xxx
-    when ->(code) { (code ^ 0b00001000).allbits?(0b11111000) } then 4
-    # 0b111110xx
-    when ->(code) { (code ^ 0b00000100).allbits?(0b11111100) } then 5
-    # 0b1111110x
-    when ->(code) { (code ^ 0b00000010).allbits?(0b11111110) } then 6
-    # successor of mbchar
-    else 0
-    end
-  end
 
   def self.escape_for_print(str)
     str.chars.map! { |gr|
@@ -132,15 +107,14 @@ class Reline::Unicode
       width = 0
       rest = str.encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
       in_zero_width = false
-      rest.scan(WIDTH_SCANNER) do |gc|
+      rest.scan(WIDTH_SCANNER) do |non_printing_start, non_printing_end, csi, osc, gc|
         case
-        when gc[NON_PRINTING_START_INDEX]
+        when non_printing_start
           in_zero_width = true
-        when gc[NON_PRINTING_END_INDEX]
+        when non_printing_end
           in_zero_width = false
-        when gc[CSI_REGEXP_INDEX], gc[OSC_REGEXP_INDEX]
-        when gc[GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX]
-          gc = gc[GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX]
+        when csi, osc
+        when gc
           unless in_zero_width
             width += get_mbchar_width(gc)
           end
@@ -160,24 +134,28 @@ class Reline::Unicode
     width = 0
     rest = str.encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
     in_zero_width = false
-    rest.scan(WIDTH_SCANNER) do |gc|
+    seq = String.new(encoding: encoding)
+    rest.scan(WIDTH_SCANNER) do |non_printing_start, non_printing_end, csi, osc, gc|
       case
-      when gc[NON_PRINTING_START_INDEX]
+      when non_printing_start
         in_zero_width = true
-      when gc[NON_PRINTING_END_INDEX]
+        lines.last << NON_PRINTING_START
+      when non_printing_end
         in_zero_width = false
-      when gc[CSI_REGEXP_INDEX]
-        lines.last << gc[CSI_REGEXP_INDEX]
-      when gc[OSC_REGEXP_INDEX]
-        lines.last << gc[OSC_REGEXP_INDEX]
-      when gc[GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX]
-        gc = gc[GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX]
+        lines.last << NON_PRINTING_END
+      when csi
+        lines.last << csi
+        seq << csi
+      when osc
+        lines.last << osc
+        seq << osc
+      when gc
         unless in_zero_width
           mbchar_width = get_mbchar_width(gc)
           if (width += mbchar_width) > max_width
             width = mbchar_width
             lines << nil
-            lines << String.new(encoding: encoding)
+            lines << seq.dup
             height += 1
           end
         end
@@ -194,23 +172,22 @@ class Reline::Unicode
   end
 
   # Take a chunk of a String cut by width with escape sequences.
-  def self.take_range(str, start_col, max_width, encoding = str.encoding)
-    chunk = String.new(encoding: encoding)
+  def self.take_range(str, start_col, max_width)
+    chunk = String.new(encoding: str.encoding)
     total_width = 0
     rest = str.encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
     in_zero_width = false
-    rest.scan(WIDTH_SCANNER) do |gc|
+    rest.scan(WIDTH_SCANNER) do |non_printing_start, non_printing_end, csi, osc, gc|
       case
-      when gc[NON_PRINTING_START_INDEX]
+      when non_printing_start
         in_zero_width = true
-      when gc[NON_PRINTING_END_INDEX]
+      when non_printing_end
         in_zero_width = false
-      when gc[CSI_REGEXP_INDEX]
-        chunk << gc[CSI_REGEXP_INDEX]
-      when gc[OSC_REGEXP_INDEX]
-        chunk << gc[OSC_REGEXP_INDEX]
-      when gc[GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX]
-        gc = gc[GRAPHEME_CLUSTER_INDEX]
+      when csi
+        chunk << csi
+      when osc
+        chunk << osc
+      when gc
         if in_zero_width
           chunk << gc
         else
diff --git a/lib/reline/unicode/east_asian_width.rb b/lib/reline/unicode/east_asian_width.rb
index 89bc9d9435..fa16a1bb56 100644
--- a/lib/reline/unicode/east_asian_width.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/unicode/east_asian_width.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
   # This is based on EastAsianWidth.txt
-  # EastAsianWidth.txt
+  # UNICODE_VERSION = '15.1.0'
 
   # Fullwidth
   TYPE_F = /^[#{ %W(
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{2E80}-\u{2E99}
     \u{2E9B}-\u{2EF3}
     \u{2F00}-\u{2FD5}
-    \u{2FF0}-\u{2FFB}
+    \u{2FF0}-\u{2FFF}
     \u{3001}-\u{303E}
     \u{3041}-\u{3096}
     \u{3099}-\u{30FF}
     \u{3105}-\u{312F}
     \u{3131}-\u{318E}
     \u{3190}-\u{31E3}
-    \u{31F0}-\u{321E}
+    \u{31EF}-\u{321E}
     \u{3220}-\u{3247}
     \u{3250}-\u{4DBF}
     \u{4E00}-\u{A48C}
@@ -84,8 +84,13 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{17000}-\u{187F7}
     \u{18800}-\u{18CD5}
     \u{18D00}-\u{18D08}
-    \u{1B000}-\u{1B11E}
+    \u{1AFF0}-\u{1AFF3}
+    \u{1AFF5}-\u{1AFFB}
+    \u{1AFFD}-\u{1AFFE}
+    \u{1B000}-\u{1B122}
+    \u{1B132}
     \u{1B150}-\u{1B152}
+    \u{1B155}
     \u{1B164}-\u{1B167}
     \u{1B170}-\u{1B2FB}
     \u{1F004}
@@ -119,21 +124,21 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1F6CC}
     \u{1F6D0}-\u{1F6D2}
     \u{1F6D5}-\u{1F6D7}
+    \u{1F6DC}-\u{1F6DF}
     \u{1F6EB}-\u{1F6EC}
     \u{1F6F4}-\u{1F6FC}
     \u{1F7E0}-\u{1F7EB}
+    \u{1F7F0}
     \u{1F90C}-\u{1F93A}
     \u{1F93C}-\u{1F945}
-    \u{1F947}-\u{1F978}
-    \u{1F97A}-\u{1F9CB}
-    \u{1F9CD}-\u{1F9FF}
-    \u{1FA70}-\u{1FA74}
-    \u{1FA78}-\u{1FA7A}
-    \u{1FA80}-\u{1FA86}
-    \u{1FA90}-\u{1FAA8}
-    \u{1FAB0}-\u{1FAB6}
-    \u{1FAC0}-\u{1FAC2}
-    \u{1FAD0}-\u{1FAD6}
+    \u{1F947}-\u{1F9FF}
+    \u{1FA70}-\u{1FA7C}
+    \u{1FA80}-\u{1FA88}
+    \u{1FA90}-\u{1FABD}
+    \u{1FABF}-\u{1FAC5}
+    \u{1FACE}-\u{1FADB}
+    \u{1FAE0}-\u{1FAE8}
+    \u{1FAF0}-\u{1FAF8}
     \u{20000}-\u{2FFFD}
     \u{30000}-\u{3FFFD}
   ).join }]/
@@ -403,8 +408,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{0591}-\u{05C7}
     \u{05D0}-\u{05EA}
     \u{05EF}-\u{05F4}
-    \u{0600}-\u{061C}
-    \u{061E}-\u{070D}
+    \u{0600}-\u{070D}
     \u{070F}-\u{074A}
     \u{074D}-\u{07B1}
     \u{07C0}-\u{07FA}
@@ -413,9 +417,9 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{0840}-\u{085B}
     \u{085E}
     \u{0860}-\u{086A}
-    \u{08A0}-\u{08B4}
-    \u{08B6}-\u{08C7}
-    \u{08D3}-\u{0983}
+    \u{0870}-\u{088E}
+    \u{0890}-\u{0891}
+    \u{0898}-\u{0983}
     \u{0985}-\u{098C}
     \u{098F}-\u{0990}
     \u{0993}-\u{09A8}
@@ -493,11 +497,12 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{0C0E}-\u{0C10}
     \u{0C12}-\u{0C28}
     \u{0C2A}-\u{0C39}
-    \u{0C3D}-\u{0C44}
+    \u{0C3C}-\u{0C44}
     \u{0C46}-\u{0C48}
     \u{0C4A}-\u{0C4D}
     \u{0C55}-\u{0C56}
     \u{0C58}-\u{0C5A}
+    \u{0C5D}
     \u{0C60}-\u{0C63}
     \u{0C66}-\u{0C6F}
     \u{0C77}-\u{0C8C}
@@ -509,10 +514,10 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{0CC6}-\u{0CC8}
     \u{0CCA}-\u{0CCD}
     \u{0CD5}-\u{0CD6}
-    \u{0CDE}
+    \u{0CDD}-\u{0CDE}
     \u{0CE0}-\u{0CE3}
     \u{0CE6}-\u{0CEF}
-    \u{0CF1}-\u{0CF2}
+    \u{0CF1}-\u{0CF3}
     \u{0D00}-\u{0D0C}
     \u{0D0E}-\u{0D10}
     \u{0D12}-\u{0D44}
@@ -542,7 +547,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{0EA7}-\u{0EBD}
     \u{0EC0}-\u{0EC4}
     \u{0EC6}
-    \u{0EC8}-\u{0ECD}
+    \u{0EC8}-\u{0ECE}
     \u{0ED0}-\u{0ED9}
     \u{0EDC}-\u{0EDF}
     \u{0F00}-\u{0F47}
@@ -577,9 +582,8 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{13F8}-\u{13FD}
     \u{1400}-\u{169C}
     \u{16A0}-\u{16F8}
-    \u{1700}-\u{170C}
-    \u{170E}-\u{1714}
-    \u{1720}-\u{1736}
+    \u{1700}-\u{1715}
+    \u{171F}-\u{1736}
     \u{1740}-\u{1753}
     \u{1760}-\u{176C}
     \u{176E}-\u{1770}
@@ -587,8 +591,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1780}-\u{17DD}
     \u{17E0}-\u{17E9}
     \u{17F0}-\u{17F9}
-    \u{1800}-\u{180E}
-    \u{1810}-\u{1819}
+    \u{1800}-\u{1819}
     \u{1820}-\u{1878}
     \u{1880}-\u{18AA}
     \u{18B0}-\u{18F5}
@@ -607,9 +610,9 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1A7F}-\u{1A89}
     \u{1A90}-\u{1A99}
     \u{1AA0}-\u{1AAD}
-    \u{1AB0}-\u{1AC0}
-    \u{1B00}-\u{1B4B}
-    \u{1B50}-\u{1B7C}
+    \u{1AB0}-\u{1ACE}
+    \u{1B00}-\u{1B4C}
+    \u{1B50}-\u{1B7E}
     \u{1B80}-\u{1BF3}
     \u{1BFC}-\u{1C37}
     \u{1C3B}-\u{1C49}
@@ -617,8 +620,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1C90}-\u{1CBA}
     \u{1CBD}-\u{1CC7}
     \u{1CD0}-\u{1CFA}
-    \u{1D00}-\u{1DF9}
-    \u{1DFB}-\u{1F15}
+    \u{1D00}-\u{1F15}
     \u{1F18}-\u{1F1D}
     \u{1F20}-\u{1F45}
     \u{1F48}-\u{1F4D}
@@ -653,7 +655,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{2090}-\u{209C}
     \u{20A0}-\u{20A8}
     \u{20AA}-\u{20AB}
-    \u{20AD}-\u{20BF}
+    \u{20AD}-\u{20C0}
     \u{20D0}-\u{20F0}
     \u{2100}-\u{2102}
     \u{2104}
@@ -767,9 +769,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{2B51}-\u{2B54}
     \u{2B5A}-\u{2B73}
     \u{2B76}-\u{2B95}
-    \u{2B97}-\u{2C2E}
-    \u{2C30}-\u{2C5E}
-    \u{2C60}-\u{2CF3}
+    \u{2B97}-\u{2CF3}
     \u{2CF9}-\u{2D25}
     \u{2D27}
     \u{2D2D}
@@ -784,14 +784,16 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{2DC8}-\u{2DCE}
     \u{2DD0}-\u{2DD6}
     \u{2DD8}-\u{2DDE}
-    \u{2DE0}-\u{2E52}
+    \u{2DE0}-\u{2E5D}
     \u{303F}
     \u{4DC0}-\u{4DFF}
     \u{A4D0}-\u{A62B}
     \u{A640}-\u{A6F7}
-    \u{A700}-\u{A7BF}
-    \u{A7C2}-\u{A7CA}
-    \u{A7F5}-\u{A82C}
+    \u{A700}-\u{A7CA}
+    \u{A7D0}-\u{A7D1}
+    \u{A7D3}
+    \u{A7D5}-\u{A7D9}
+    \u{A7F2}-\u{A82C}
     \u{A830}-\u{A839}
     \u{A840}-\u{A877}
     \u{A880}-\u{A8C5}
@@ -823,11 +825,11 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{FB3E}
     \u{FB40}-\u{FB41}
     \u{FB43}-\u{FB44}
-    \u{FB46}-\u{FBC1}
-    \u{FBD3}-\u{FD3F}
-    \u{FD50}-\u{FD8F}
+    \u{FB46}-\u{FBC2}
+    \u{FBD3}-\u{FD8F}
     \u{FD92}-\u{FDC7}
-    \u{FDF0}-\u{FDFD}
+    \u{FDCF}
+    \u{FDF0}-\u{FDFF}
     \u{FE20}-\u{FE2F}
     \u{FE70}-\u{FE74}
     \u{FE76}-\u{FEFC}
@@ -861,10 +863,20 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{104D8}-\u{104FB}
     \u{10500}-\u{10527}
     \u{10530}-\u{10563}
-    \u{1056F}
+    \u{1056F}-\u{1057A}
+    \u{1057C}-\u{1058A}
+    \u{1058C}-\u{10592}
+    \u{10594}-\u{10595}
+    \u{10597}-\u{105A1}
+    \u{105A3}-\u{105B1}
+    \u{105B3}-\u{105B9}
+    \u{105BB}-\u{105BC}
     \u{10600}-\u{10736}
     \u{10740}-\u{10755}
     \u{10760}-\u{10767}
+    \u{10780}-\u{10785}
+    \u{10787}-\u{107B0}
+    \u{107B2}-\u{107BA}
     \u{10800}-\u{10805}
     \u{10808}
     \u{1080A}-\u{10835}
@@ -906,13 +918,14 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{10E80}-\u{10EA9}
     \u{10EAB}-\u{10EAD}
     \u{10EB0}-\u{10EB1}
-    \u{10F00}-\u{10F27}
+    \u{10EFD}-\u{10F27}
     \u{10F30}-\u{10F59}
+    \u{10F70}-\u{10F89}
     \u{10FB0}-\u{10FCB}
     \u{10FE0}-\u{10FF6}
     \u{11000}-\u{1104D}
-    \u{11052}-\u{1106F}
-    \u{1107F}-\u{110C1}
+    \u{11052}-\u{11075}
+    \u{1107F}-\u{110C2}
     \u{110CD}
     \u{110D0}-\u{110E8}
     \u{110F0}-\u{110F9}
@@ -922,7 +935,7 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{11180}-\u{111DF}
     \u{111E1}-\u{111F4}
     \u{11200}-\u{11211}
-    \u{11213}-\u{1123E}
+    \u{11213}-\u{11241}
     \u{11280}-\u{11286}
     \u{11288}
     \u{1128A}-\u{1128D}
@@ -954,11 +967,11 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{11600}-\u{11644}
     \u{11650}-\u{11659}
     \u{11660}-\u{1166C}
-    \u{11680}-\u{116B8}
+    \u{11680}-\u{116B9}
     \u{116C0}-\u{116C9}
     \u{11700}-\u{1171A}
     \u{1171D}-\u{1172B}
-    \u{11730}-\u{1173F}
+    \u{11730}-\u{11746}
     \u{11800}-\u{1183B}
     \u{118A0}-\u{118F2}
     \u{118FF}-\u{11906}
@@ -974,7 +987,8 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{119DA}-\u{119E4}
     \u{11A00}-\u{11A47}
     \u{11A50}-\u{11AA2}
-    \u{11AC0}-\u{11AF8}
+    \u{11AB0}-\u{11AF8}
+    \u{11B00}-\u{11B09}
     \u{11C00}-\u{11C08}
     \u{11C0A}-\u{11C36}
     \u{11C38}-\u{11C45}
@@ -996,19 +1010,23 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{11D93}-\u{11D98}
     \u{11DA0}-\u{11DA9}
     \u{11EE0}-\u{11EF8}
+    \u{11F00}-\u{11F10}
+    \u{11F12}-\u{11F3A}
+    \u{11F3E}-\u{11F59}
     \u{11FB0}
     \u{11FC0}-\u{11FF1}
     \u{11FFF}-\u{12399}
     \u{12400}-\u{1246E}
     \u{12470}-\u{12474}
     \u{12480}-\u{12543}
-    \u{13000}-\u{1342E}
-    \u{13430}-\u{13438}
+    \u{12F90}-\u{12FF2}
+    \u{13000}-\u{13455}
     \u{14400}-\u{14646}
     \u{16800}-\u{16A38}
     \u{16A40}-\u{16A5E}
     \u{16A60}-\u{16A69}
-    \u{16A6E}-\u{16A6F}
+    \u{16A6E}-\u{16ABE}
+    \u{16AC0}-\u{16AC9}
     \u{16AD0}-\u{16AED}
     \u{16AF0}-\u{16AF5}
     \u{16B00}-\u{16B45}
@@ -1025,10 +1043,14 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1BC80}-\u{1BC88}
     \u{1BC90}-\u{1BC99}
     \u{1BC9C}-\u{1BCA3}
+    \u{1CF00}-\u{1CF2D}
+    \u{1CF30}-\u{1CF46}
+    \u{1CF50}-\u{1CFC3}
     \u{1D000}-\u{1D0F5}
     \u{1D100}-\u{1D126}
-    \u{1D129}-\u{1D1E8}
+    \u{1D129}-\u{1D1EA}
     \u{1D200}-\u{1D245}
+    \u{1D2C0}-\u{1D2D3}
     \u{1D2E0}-\u{1D2F3}
     \u{1D300}-\u{1D356}
     \u{1D360}-\u{1D378}
@@ -1055,17 +1077,27 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1D7CE}-\u{1DA8B}
     \u{1DA9B}-\u{1DA9F}
     \u{1DAA1}-\u{1DAAF}
+    \u{1DF00}-\u{1DF1E}
+    \u{1DF25}-\u{1DF2A}
     \u{1E000}-\u{1E006}
     \u{1E008}-\u{1E018}
     \u{1E01B}-\u{1E021}
     \u{1E023}-\u{1E024}
     \u{1E026}-\u{1E02A}
+    \u{1E030}-\u{1E06D}
+    \u{1E08F}
     \u{1E100}-\u{1E12C}
     \u{1E130}-\u{1E13D}
     \u{1E140}-\u{1E149}
     \u{1E14E}-\u{1E14F}
+    \u{1E290}-\u{1E2AE}
     \u{1E2C0}-\u{1E2F9}
     \u{1E2FF}
+    \u{1E4D0}-\u{1E4F9}
+    \u{1E7E0}-\u{1E7E6}
+    \u{1E7E8}-\u{1E7EB}
+    \u{1E7ED}-\u{1E7EE}
+    \u{1E7F0}-\u{1E7FE}
     \u{1E800}-\u{1E8C4}
     \u{1E8C7}-\u{1E8D6}
     \u{1E900}-\u{1E94B}
@@ -1142,8 +1174,8 @@ class Reline::Unicode::EastAsianWidth
     \u{1F6D3}-\u{1F6D4}
     \u{1F6E0}-\u{1F6EA}
     \u{1F6F0}-\u{1F6F3}
-    \u{1F700}-\u{1F773}
-    \u{1F780}-\u{1F7D8}
+    \u{1F700}-\u{1F776}
+    \u{1F77B}-\u{1F7D9}
     \u{1F800}-\u{1F80B}
     \u{1F810}-\u{1F847}
     \u{1F850}-\u{1F859}
diff --git a/lib/reline/version.rb b/lib/reline/version.rb
index 1bb1c02f3d..194d16e69a 100644
--- a/lib/reline/version.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module Reline
-  VERSION = '0.3.1'
+  VERSION = '0.4.1'
 end
diff --git a/lib/reline/windows.rb b/lib/reline/windows.rb
index b952329911..6f635f630f 100644
--- a/lib/reline/windows.rb
+++ b/lib/reline/windows.rb
@@ -291,7 +291,11 @@ class Reline::Windows
     end
   end
 
-  def self.getc
+  def self.with_raw_input
+    yield
+  end
+
+  def self.getc(_timeout_second)
     check_input_event
     @@output_buf.shift
   end
diff --git a/lib/resolv-replace.gemspec b/lib/resolv-replace.gemspec
index 6bc07dbe10..48f7108a8e 100644
--- a/lib/resolv-replace.gemspec
+++ b/lib/resolv-replace.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.name          = "resolv-replace"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.0"
+  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
   spec.authors       = ["Tanaka Akira"]
   spec.email         = ["akr@fsij.org"]
 
diff --git a/lib/resolv.gemspec b/lib/resolv.gemspec
index c6a0609b51..6b83e303d7 100644
--- a/lib/resolv.gemspec
+++ b/lib/resolv.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib", Array.new(name.count("-")+1).join("/")].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name.tr('-', '/')}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "resolv"
-  spec.version       = "0.2.1"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Tanaka Akira"]
   spec.email         = ["akr@fsij.org"]
 
diff --git a/lib/resolv.rb b/lib/resolv.rb
index 61c9c7d5cf..57fd173750 100644
--- a/lib/resolv.rb
+++ b/lib/resolv.rb
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ end
 
 class Resolv
 
+  VERSION = "0.3.0"
+
   ##
   # Looks up the first IP address for +name+.
 
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ class Resolv
   ##
   # Creates a new Resolv using +resolvers+.
 
-  def initialize(resolvers=[Hosts.new, DNS.new])
-    @resolvers = resolvers
+  def initialize(resolvers=nil, use_ipv6: nil)
+    @resolvers = resolvers || [Hosts.new, DNS.new(DNS::Config.default_config_hash.merge(use_ipv6: use_ipv6))]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -196,7 +198,7 @@ class Resolv
               next unless addr
               @addr2name[addr] = [] unless @addr2name.include? addr
               @addr2name[addr] << hostname
-              @addr2name[addr] += aliases
+              @addr2name[addr].concat(aliases)
               @name2addr[hostname] = [] unless @name2addr.include? hostname
               @name2addr[hostname] << addr
               aliases.each {|n|
@@ -310,6 +312,8 @@ class Resolv
     # String:: Path to a file using /etc/resolv.conf's format.
     # Hash:: Must contain :nameserver, :search and :ndots keys.
     # :nameserver_port can be used to specify port number of nameserver address.
+    # :raise_timeout_errors can be used to raise timeout errors
+    # as exceptions instead of treating the same as an NXDOMAIN response.
     #
     # The value of :nameserver should be an address string or
     # an array of address strings.
@@ -406,6 +410,11 @@ class Resolv
     end
 
     def use_ipv6? # :nodoc:
+      use_ipv6 = @config.use_ipv6?
+      unless use_ipv6.nil?
+        return use_ipv6
+      end
+
       begin
         list = Socket.ip_address_list
       rescue NotImplementedError
@@ -748,7 +757,7 @@ class Resolv
               next if @socks_hash[bind_host]
               begin
                 sock = UDPSocket.new(af)
-              rescue Errno::EAFNOSUPPORT
+              rescue Errno::EAFNOSUPPORT, Errno::EPROTONOSUPPORT
                 next # The kernel doesn't support the address family.
               end
               @socks << sock
@@ -965,7 +974,7 @@ class Resolv
             next unless keyword
             case keyword
             when 'nameserver'
-              nameserver += args
+              nameserver.concat(args)
             when 'domain'
               next if args.empty?
               search = [args[0]]
@@ -1004,6 +1013,7 @@ class Resolv
         @mutex.synchronize {
           unless @initialized
             @nameserver_port = []
+            @use_ipv6 = nil
             @search = nil
             @ndots = 1
             case @config_info
@@ -1028,8 +1038,12 @@ class Resolv
             if config_hash.include? :nameserver_port
               @nameserver_port = config_hash[:nameserver_port].map {|ns, port| [ns, (port || Port)] }
             end
+            if config_hash.include? :use_ipv6
+              @use_ipv6 = config_hash[:use_ipv6]
+            end
             @search = config_hash[:search] if config_hash.include? :search
             @ndots = config_hash[:ndots] if config_hash.include? :ndots
+            @raise_timeout_errors = config_hash[:raise_timeout_errors]
 
             if @nameserver_port.empty?
               @nameserver_port << ['0.0.0.0', Port]
@@ -1083,6 +1097,10 @@ class Resolv
         @nameserver_port
       end
 
+      def use_ipv6?
+        @use_ipv6
+      end
+
       def generate_candidates(name)
         candidates = nil
         name = Name.create(name)
@@ -1116,6 +1134,7 @@ class Resolv
       def resolv(name)
         candidates = generate_candidates(name)
         timeouts = @timeouts || generate_timeouts
+        timeout_error = false
         begin
           candidates.each {|candidate|
             begin
@@ -1127,11 +1146,13 @@ class Resolv
                   end
                 }
               }
+              timeout_error = true
               raise ResolvError.new("DNS resolv timeout: #{name}")
             rescue NXDomain
             end
           }
         rescue ResolvError
+          raise if @raise_timeout_errors && timeout_error
         end
       end
 
@@ -1487,14 +1508,14 @@ class Resolv
           }
         end
 
-        def put_name(d)
-          put_labels(d.to_a)
+        def put_name(d, compress: true)
+          put_labels(d.to_a, compress: compress)
         end
 
-        def put_labels(d)
+        def put_labels(d, compress: true)
           d.each_index {|i|
             domain = d[i..-1]
-            if idx = @names[domain]
+            if compress && idx = @names[domain]
               self.put_pack("n", 0xc000 | idx)
               return
             else
@@ -1518,13 +1539,15 @@ class Resolv
           id, flag, qdcount, ancount, nscount, arcount =
             msg.get_unpack('nnnnnn')
           o.id = id
+          o.tc = (flag >> 9) & 1
+          o.rcode = flag & 15
+          return o unless o.tc.zero?
+
           o.qr = (flag >> 15) & 1
           o.opcode = (flag >> 11) & 15
           o.aa = (flag >> 10) & 1
-          o.tc = (flag >> 9) & 1
           o.rd = (flag >> 8) & 1
           o.ra = (flag >> 7) & 1
-          o.rcode = flag & 15
           (1..qdcount).each {
             name, typeclass = msg.get_question
             o.add_question(name, typeclass)
@@ -1616,6 +1639,14 @@ class Resolv
           strings
         end
 
+        def get_list
+          [].tap do |values|
+            while @index < @limit
+              values << yield
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
         def get_name
           return Name.new(self.get_labels)
         end
@@ -1677,6 +1708,378 @@ class Resolv
     end
 
     ##
+    # SvcParams for service binding RRs. [RFC9460]
+
+    class SvcParams
+      include Enumerable
+
+      ##
+      # Create a list of SvcParams with the given initial content.
+      #
+      # +params+ has to be an enumerable of +SvcParam+s.
+      # If its content has +SvcParam+s with the duplicate key,
+      # the one appears last takes precedence.
+
+      def initialize(params = [])
+        @params = {}
+
+        params.each do |param|
+          add param
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Get SvcParam for the given +key+ in this list.
+
+      def [](key)
+        @params[canonical_key(key)]
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Get the number of SvcParams in this list.
+
+      def count
+        @params.count
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Get whether this list is empty.
+
+      def empty?
+        @params.empty?
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Add the SvcParam +param+ to this list, overwriting the existing one with the same key.
+
+      def add(param)
+        @params[param.class.key_number] = param
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Remove the +SvcParam+ with the given +key+ and return it.
+
+      def delete(key)
+        @params.delete(canonical_key(key))
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Enumerate the +SvcParam+s in this list.
+
+      def each(&block)
+        return enum_for(:each) unless block
+        @params.each_value(&block)
+      end
+
+      def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+        @params.keys.sort.each do |key|
+          msg.put_pack('n', key)
+          msg.put_length16 do
+            @params.fetch(key).encode(msg)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+        params = msg.get_list do
+          key, = msg.get_unpack('n')
+          msg.get_length16 do
+            SvcParam::ClassHash[key].decode(msg)
+          end
+        end
+
+        return self.new(params)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def canonical_key(key) # :nodoc:
+        case key
+        when Integer
+          key
+        when /\Akey(\d+)\z/
+          Integer($1)
+        when Symbol
+          SvcParam::ClassHash[key].key_number
+        else
+          raise TypeError, 'key must be either String or Symbol'
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    ##
+    # Base class for SvcParam. [RFC9460]
+
+    class SvcParam
+
+      ##
+      # Get the presentation name of the SvcParamKey.
+
+      def self.key_name
+        const_get(:KeyName)
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Get the registered number of the SvcParamKey.
+
+      def self.key_number
+        const_get(:KeyNumber)
+      end
+
+      ClassHash = Hash.new do |h, key| # :nodoc:
+        case key
+        when Integer
+          Generic.create(key)
+        when /\Akey(?<key>\d+)\z/
+          Generic.create(key.to_int)
+        when Symbol
+          raise KeyError, "unknown key #{key}"
+        else
+          raise TypeError, 'key must be either String or Symbol'
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Generic SvcParam abstract class.
+
+      class Generic < SvcParam
+
+        ##
+        # SvcParamValue in wire-format byte string.
+
+        attr_reader :value
+
+        ##
+        # Create generic SvcParam
+
+        def initialize(value)
+          @value = value
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          msg.put_bytes(@value)
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          return self.new(msg.get_bytes)
+        end
+
+        def self.create(key_number)
+          c = Class.new(Generic)
+          key_name = :"key#{key_number}"
+          c.const_set(:KeyName, key_name)
+          c.const_set(:KeyNumber, key_number)
+          self.const_set(:"Key#{key_number}", c)
+          ClassHash[key_name] = ClassHash[key_number] = c
+          return c
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "mandatory" SvcParam -- Mandatory keys in service binding RR
+
+      class Mandatory < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :mandatory
+        KeyNumber = 0
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        ##
+        # Mandatory keys.
+
+        attr_reader :keys
+
+        ##
+        # Initialize "mandatory" ScvParam.
+
+        def initialize(keys)
+          @keys = keys.map(&:to_int)
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          @keys.sort.each do |key|
+            msg.put_pack('n', key)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          keys = msg.get_list { msg.get_unpack('n')[0] }
+          return self.new(keys)
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "alpn" SvcParam -- Additional supported protocols
+
+      class ALPN < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :alpn
+        KeyNumber = 1
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        ##
+        # Supported protocol IDs.
+
+        attr_reader :protocol_ids
+
+        ##
+        # Initialize "alpn" ScvParam.
+
+        def initialize(protocol_ids)
+          @protocol_ids = protocol_ids.map(&:to_str)
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          msg.put_string_list(@protocol_ids)
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          return self.new(msg.get_string_list)
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "no-default-alpn" SvcParam -- No support for default protocol
+
+      class NoDefaultALPN < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :'no-default-alpn'
+        KeyNumber = 2
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          # no payload
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          return self.new
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "port" SvcParam -- Port for alternative endpoint
+
+      class Port < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :port
+        KeyNumber = 3
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        ##
+        # Port number.
+
+        attr_reader :port
+
+        ##
+        # Initialize "port" ScvParam.
+
+        def initialize(port)
+          @port = port.to_int
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          msg.put_pack('n', @port)
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          port, = msg.get_unpack('n')
+          return self.new(port)
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "ipv4hint" SvcParam -- IPv4 address hints
+
+      class IPv4Hint < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :ipv4hint
+        KeyNumber = 4
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        ##
+        # Set of IPv4 addresses.
+
+        attr_reader :addresses
+
+        ##
+        # Initialize "ipv4hint" ScvParam.
+
+        def initialize(addresses)
+          @addresses = addresses.map {|address| IPv4.create(address) }
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          @addresses.each do |address|
+            msg.put_bytes(address.address)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          addresses = msg.get_list { IPv4.new(msg.get_bytes(4)) }
+          return self.new(addresses)
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "ipv6hint" SvcParam -- IPv6 address hints
+
+      class IPv6Hint < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :ipv6hint
+        KeyNumber = 6
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        ##
+        # Set of IPv6 addresses.
+
+        attr_reader :addresses
+
+        ##
+        # Initialize "ipv6hint" ScvParam.
+
+        def initialize(addresses)
+          @addresses = addresses.map {|address| IPv6.create(address) }
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          @addresses.each do |address|
+            msg.put_bytes(address.address)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          addresses = msg.get_list { IPv6.new(msg.get_bytes(16)) }
+          return self.new(addresses)
+        end
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # "dohpath" SvcParam -- DNS over HTTPS path template [RFC9461]
+
+      class DoHPath < SvcParam
+        KeyName = :dohpath
+        KeyNumber = 7
+        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
+
+        ##
+        # URI template for DoH queries.
+
+        attr_reader :template
+
+        ##
+        # Initialize "dohpath" ScvParam.
+
+        def initialize(template)
+          @template = template.encode('utf-8')
+        end
+
+        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          msg.put_bytes(@template)
+        end
+
+        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
+          template = msg.get_bytes.force_encoding('utf-8')
+          return self.new(template)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    ##
     # A DNS query abstract class.
 
     class Query
@@ -2328,7 +2731,7 @@ class Resolv
             msg.put_pack("n", @priority)
             msg.put_pack("n", @weight)
             msg.put_pack("n", @port)
-            msg.put_name(@target)
+            msg.put_name(@target, compress: false)
           end
 
           def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
@@ -2339,6 +2742,84 @@ class Resolv
             return self.new(priority, weight, port, target)
           end
         end
+
+        ##
+        # Common implementation for SVCB-compatible resource records.
+
+        class ServiceBinding
+
+          ##
+          # Create a service binding resource record.
+
+          def initialize(priority, target, params = [])
+            @priority = priority.to_int
+            @target = Name.create(target)
+            @params = SvcParams.new(params)
+          end
+
+          ##
+          # The priority of this target host.
+          #
+          # The range is 0-65535.
+          # If set to 0, this RR is in AliasMode. Otherwise, it is in ServiceMode.
+
+          attr_reader :priority
+
+          ##
+          # The domain name of the target host.
+
+          attr_reader :target
+
+          ##
+          # The service paramters for the target host.
+
+          attr_reader :params
+
+          ##
+          # Whether this RR is in AliasMode.
+
+          def alias_mode?
+            self.priority == 0
+          end
+
+          ##
+          # Whether this RR is in ServiceMode.
+
+          def service_mode?
+            !alias_mode?
+          end
+
+          def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
+            msg.put_pack("n", @priority)
+            msg.put_name(@target, compress: false)
+            @params.encode(msg)
+          end
+
+          def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
+            priority, = msg.get_unpack("n")
+            target    = msg.get_name
+            params    = SvcParams.decode(msg)
+            return self.new(priority, target, params)
+          end
+        end
+
+        ##
+        # SVCB resource record [RFC9460]
+
+        class SVCB < ServiceBinding
+          TypeValue = 64
+          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
+          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
+        end
+
+        ##
+        # HTTPS resource record [RFC9460]
+
+        class HTTPS < ServiceBinding
+          TypeValue = 65
+          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
+          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
+        end
       end
     end
   end
@@ -2558,11 +3039,7 @@ class Resolv
     attr_reader :address
 
     def to_s # :nodoc:
-      address = sprintf("%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", *@address.unpack("nnnnnnnn"))
-      unless address.sub!(/(^|:)0(:0)+(:|$)/, '::')
-        address.sub!(/(^|:)0(:|$)/, '::')
-      end
-      return address
+      sprintf("%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", *@address.unpack("nnnnnnnn")).sub(/(^|:)0(:0)+(:|$)/, '::')
     end
 
     def inspect # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rinda/rinda.gemspec b/lib/rinda/rinda.gemspec
index 0c13e3c2df..e9f53dd864 100644
--- a/lib/rinda/rinda.gemspec
+++ b/lib/rinda/rinda.gemspec
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+name = File.basename(__FILE__, ".gemspec")
+version = ["lib/rinda", "."].find do |dir|
+  break File.foreach(File.join(__dir__, dir, "#{name}.rb")) do |line|
+    /^\s*VERSION\s*=\s*"(.*)"/ =~ line and break $1
+  end rescue nil
+end
+
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
-  spec.name          = "rinda"
-  spec.version       = "0.1.1"
+  spec.name          = name
+  spec.version       = version
   spec.authors       = ["Masatoshi SEKI"]
   spec.email         = ["seki@ruby-lang.org"]
 
diff --git a/lib/rinda/rinda.rb b/lib/rinda/rinda.rb
index e762286d3b..e1649e3248 100644
--- a/lib/rinda/rinda.rb
+++ b/lib/rinda/rinda.rb
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ require 'drb/drb'
 
 module Rinda
 
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
+
   ##
   # Rinda error base class
 
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/.document b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a603afe3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+stats.rb
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/assembler.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/assembler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..645072d11b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/assembler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,1140 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # 8-bit memory access
+  class BytePtr < Data.define(:reg, :disp); end
+
+  # 32-bit memory access
+  class DwordPtr < Data.define(:reg, :disp); end
+
+  # 64-bit memory access
+  QwordPtr = Array
+
+  # SystemV x64 calling convention
+  C_ARGS = [:rdi, :rsi, :rdx, :rcx, :r8, :r9]
+  C_RET  = :rax
+
+  # https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/671110
+  # Mostly an x86_64 assembler, but this also has some stuff that is useful for any architecture.
+  class Assembler
+    # rel8 jumps are made with labels
+    class Label < Data.define(:id, :name); end
+
+    # rel32 is inserted as [Rel32, Rel32Pad..] and converted on #resolve_rel32
+    class Rel32 < Data.define(:addr); end
+    Rel32Pad = Object.new
+
+    # A set of ModR/M values encoded on #insn
+    class ModRM < Data.define(:mod, :reg, :rm); end
+    Mod00 = 0b00 # Mod 00: [reg]
+    Mod01 = 0b01 # Mod 01: [reg]+disp8
+    Mod10 = 0b10 # Mod 10: [reg]+disp32
+    Mod11 = 0b11 # Mod 11: reg
+
+    # REX =   0100WR0B
+    REX_B = 0b01000001
+    REX_R = 0b01000100
+    REX_W = 0b01001000
+
+    # Operand matchers
+    R32   = -> (op) { op.is_a?(Symbol) && r32?(op) }
+    R64   = -> (op) { op.is_a?(Symbol) && r64?(op) }
+    IMM8  = -> (op) { op.is_a?(Integer) && imm8?(op) }
+    IMM32 = -> (op) { op.is_a?(Integer) && imm32?(op) }
+    IMM64 = -> (op) { op.is_a?(Integer) && imm64?(op) }
+
+    def initialize
+      @bytes = []
+      @labels = {}
+      @label_id = 0
+      @comments = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+      @blocks = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+      @stub_starts = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+      @stub_ends = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+      @pos_markers = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+    end
+
+    def assemble(addr)
+      set_code_addrs(addr)
+      resolve_rel32(addr)
+      resolve_labels
+
+      write_bytes(addr)
+
+      @pos_markers.each do |write_pos, markers|
+        markers.each { |marker| marker.call(addr + write_pos) }
+      end
+      @bytes.size
+    ensure
+      @bytes.clear
+    end
+
+    def size
+      @bytes.size
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Instructions
+    #
+
+    def add(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # ADD r/m64, imm8 (Mod 00: [reg])
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => dst_reg], IMM8 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /0 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod00, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm8(src_imm),
+        )
+      # ADD r/m64, imm8 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /0 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm8(src_imm),
+        )
+      # ADD r/m64 imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM32 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 81 /0 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x81,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm32(src_imm),
+        )
+      # ADD r/m64, r64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 01 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x01,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: src_reg, rm: dst_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def and(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # AND r/m64, imm8 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /4 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 4, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm8(src_imm),
+        )
+      # AND r/m64, imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM32 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 81 /4 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x81,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 4, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm32(src_imm),
+        )
+      # AND r64, r/m64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM8 => src_disp]]
+        # REX.W + 23 /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x23,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          disp: imm8(src_disp),
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def call(dst)
+      case dst
+      # CALL rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # E8 cd
+        # D: Operand 1: Offset
+        insn(opcode: 0xe8, imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      # CALL r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in R64 => dst_reg
+        # FF /2
+        # M: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          opcode: 0xff,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 2, rm: dst_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmove(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVE r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 44 /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x44],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovg(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVG r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 4F /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x4f],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovge(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVGE r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 4D /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x4d],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovl(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVL r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 4C /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x4c],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovle(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVLE r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 4E /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x4e],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovne(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVNE r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 45 /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x45],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovnz(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVNZ r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 45 /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x45],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmovz(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # CMOVZ r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 0F 44 /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x44],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+        )
+      # CMOVZ r64, r/m64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM8 => src_disp]]
+        # REX.W + 0F 44 /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: [0x0f, 0x44],
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          disp: imm8(src_disp),
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def cmp(left, right)
+      case [left, right]
+      # CMP r/m8, imm8 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [BytePtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], IMM8 => right_imm]
+        # 80 /7 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          opcode: 0x80,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+          imm: imm8(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m32, imm32 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [DwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], IMM32 => right_imm]
+        # 81 /7 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          opcode: 0x81,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+          imm: imm32(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, imm8 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], IMM8 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /7 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+          imm: imm8(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, imm32 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], IMM32 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + 81 /7 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x81,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+          imm: imm32(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, imm8 (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM32 => left_disp], IMM8 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /7 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: imm32(left_disp),
+          imm: imm8(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, imm8 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /7 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          imm: imm8(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => left_reg, IMM32 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + 81 /7 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x81,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 7, rm: left_reg],
+          imm: imm32(right_imm),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, r64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], R64 => right_reg]
+        # REX.W + 39 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x39,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: right_reg, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, r64 (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM32 => left_disp], R64 => right_reg]
+        # REX.W + 39 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x39,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: right_reg, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: imm32(left_disp),
+        )
+      # CMP r/m64, r64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => left_reg, R64 => right_reg]
+        # REX.W + 39 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x39,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: right_reg, rm: left_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jbe(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JBE rel8
+      in Label => dst_label
+        # 76 cb
+        insn(opcode: 0x76, imm: dst_label)
+      # JBE rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 86 cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x86], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def je(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JE rel8
+      in Label => dst_label
+        # 74 cb
+        insn(opcode: 0x74, imm: dst_label)
+      # JE rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 84 cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x84], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jl(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JL rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 8C cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x8c], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jmp(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JZ rel8
+      in Label => dst_label
+        # EB cb
+        insn(opcode: 0xeb, imm: dst_label)
+      # JMP rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # E9 cd
+        insn(opcode: 0xe9, imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      # JMP r/m64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in QwordPtr[R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => dst_disp]
+        # FF /4
+        insn(opcode: 0xff, mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 4, rm: dst_reg], disp: dst_disp)
+      # JMP r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in R64 => dst_reg
+        # FF /4
+        insn(opcode: 0xff, mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 4, rm: dst_reg])
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jne(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JNE rel8
+      in Label => dst_label
+        # 75 cb
+        insn(opcode: 0x75, imm: dst_label)
+      # JNE rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 85 cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x85], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jnz(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JE rel8
+      in Label => dst_label
+        # 75 cb
+        insn(opcode: 0x75, imm: dst_label)
+      # JNZ rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 85 cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x85], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jo(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JO rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 80 cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x80], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def jz(dst)
+      case dst
+      # JZ rel8
+      in Label => dst_label
+        # 74 cb
+        insn(opcode: 0x74, imm: dst_label)
+      # JZ rel32
+      in Integer => dst_addr
+        # 0F 84 cd
+        insn(opcode: [0x0f, 0x84], imm: rel32(dst_addr))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def lea(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # LEA r64,m (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM8 => src_disp]]
+        # REX.W + 8D /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x8d,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          disp: imm8(src_disp),
+        )
+      # LEA r64,m (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM32 => src_disp]]
+        # REX.W + 8D /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x8d,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          disp: imm32(src_disp),
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def mov(dst, src)
+      case dst
+      in R32 => dst_reg
+        case src
+        # MOV r32 r/m32 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+        in DwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM8 => src_disp]
+          # 8B /r
+          # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+          insn(
+            opcode: 0x8b,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+            disp: src_disp,
+          )
+        # MOV r32, imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+        in IMM32 => src_imm
+          # B8+ rd id
+          # OI: Operand 1: opcode + rd (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            opcode: 0xb8,
+            rd: dst_reg,
+            imm: imm32(src_imm),
+          )
+        end
+      in R64 => dst_reg
+        case src
+        # MOV r64, r/m64 (Mod 00: [reg])
+        in QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg]
+          # REX.W + 8B /r
+          # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x8b,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod00, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          )
+        # MOV r64, r/m64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+        in QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM8 => src_disp]
+          # REX.W + 8B /r
+          # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x8b,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+            disp: src_disp,
+          )
+        # MOV r64, r/m64 (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+        in QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM32 => src_disp]
+          # REX.W + 8B /r
+          # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x8b,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+            disp: imm32(src_disp),
+          )
+        # MOV r64, r/m64 (Mod 11: reg)
+        in R64 => src_reg
+          # REX.W + 8B /r
+          # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x8b,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          )
+        # MOV r/m64, imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+        in IMM32 => src_imm
+          # REX.W + C7 /0 id
+          # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0xc7,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+            imm: imm32(src_imm),
+          )
+        # MOV r64, imm64
+        in IMM64 => src_imm
+          # REX.W + B8+ rd io
+          # OI: Operand 1: opcode + rd (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0xb8,
+            rd: dst_reg,
+            imm: imm64(src_imm),
+          )
+        end
+      in DwordPtr[R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => dst_disp]
+        case src
+        # MOV r/m32, imm32 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+        in IMM32 => src_imm
+          # C7 /0 id
+          # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            opcode: 0xc7,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+            disp: dst_disp,
+            imm: imm32(src_imm),
+          )
+        end
+      in QwordPtr[R64 => dst_reg]
+        case src
+        # MOV r/m64, imm32 (Mod 00: [reg])
+        in IMM32 => src_imm
+          # REX.W + C7 /0 id
+          # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0xc7,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod00, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+            imm: imm32(src_imm),
+          )
+        # MOV r/m64, r64 (Mod 00: [reg])
+        in R64 => src_reg
+          # REX.W + 89 /r
+          # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x89,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod00, reg: src_reg, rm: dst_reg],
+          )
+        end
+      in QwordPtr[R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => dst_disp]
+        # Optimize encoding when disp is 0
+        return mov([dst_reg], src) if dst_disp == 0
+
+        case src
+        # MOV r/m64, imm32 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+        in IMM32 => src_imm
+          # REX.W + C7 /0 id
+          # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0xc7,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+            disp: dst_disp,
+            imm: imm32(src_imm),
+          )
+        # MOV r/m64, r64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+        in R64 => src_reg
+          # REX.W + 89 /r
+          # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x89,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: src_reg, rm: dst_reg],
+            disp: dst_disp,
+          )
+        end
+      in QwordPtr[R64 => dst_reg, IMM32 => dst_disp]
+        case src
+        # MOV r/m64, imm32 (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+        in IMM32 => src_imm
+          # REX.W + C7 /0 id
+          # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32/64
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0xc7,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: 0, rm: dst_reg],
+            disp: imm32(dst_disp),
+            imm: imm32(src_imm),
+          )
+        # MOV r/m64, r64 (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+        in R64 => src_reg
+          # REX.W + 89 /r
+          # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (w), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+          insn(
+            prefix: REX_W,
+            opcode: 0x89,
+            mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: src_reg, rm: dst_reg],
+            disp: imm32(dst_disp),
+          )
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def or(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # OR r/m64, imm8 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /1 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 1, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm8(src_imm),
+        )
+      # OR r/m64, imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM32 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 81 /1 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x81,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 1, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm32(src_imm),
+        )
+      # OR r64, r/m64 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, QwordPtr[R64 => src_reg, IMM8 => src_disp]]
+        # REX.W + 0B /r
+        # RM: Operand 1: ModRM:reg (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:r/m (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x0b,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: dst_reg, rm: src_reg],
+          disp: imm8(src_disp),
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def push(src)
+      case src
+      # PUSH r64
+      in R64 => src_reg
+        # 50+rd
+        # O: Operand 1: opcode + rd (r)
+        insn(opcode: 0x50, rd: src_reg)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def pop(dst)
+      case dst
+      # POP r64
+      in R64 => dst_reg
+        # 58+ rd
+        # O: Operand 1: opcode + rd (r)
+        insn(opcode: 0x58, rd: dst_reg)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def ret
+      # RET
+      # Near return: A return to a procedure within the current code segment
+      insn(opcode: 0xc3)
+    end
+
+    def sar(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + C1 /7 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0xc1,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 7, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm8(src_imm),
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def sub(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # SUB r/m64, imm8 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, IMM8 => src_imm]
+        # REX.W + 83 /5 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x83,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 5, rm: dst_reg],
+          imm: imm8(src_imm),
+        )
+      # SUB r/m64, r64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 29 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x29,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: src_reg, rm: dst_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def test(left, right)
+      case [left, right]
+      # TEST r/m8*, imm8 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [BytePtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], IMM8 => right_imm]
+        # REX + F6 /0 ib
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          opcode: 0xf6,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 0, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+          imm: imm8(right_imm),
+        )
+      # TEST r/m64, imm32 (Mod 01: [reg]+disp8)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM8 => left_disp], IMM32 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + F7 /0 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0xf7,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod01, reg: 0, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: left_disp,
+          imm: imm32(right_imm),
+        )
+      # TEST r/m64, imm32 (Mod 10: [reg]+disp32)
+      in [QwordPtr[R64 => left_reg, IMM32 => left_disp], IMM32 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + F7 /0 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0xf7,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod10, reg: 0, rm: left_reg],
+          disp: imm32(left_disp),
+          imm: imm32(right_imm),
+        )
+      # TEST r/m64, imm32 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => left_reg, IMM32 => right_imm]
+        # REX.W + F7 /0 id
+        # MI: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: imm8/16/32
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0xf7,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: 0, rm: left_reg],
+          imm: imm32(right_imm),
+        )
+      # TEST r/m32, r32 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R32 => left_reg, R32 => right_reg]
+        # 85 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          opcode: 0x85,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: right_reg, rm: left_reg],
+        )
+      # TEST r/m64, r64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => left_reg, R64 => right_reg]
+        # REX.W + 85 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x85,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: right_reg, rm: left_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    def xor(dst, src)
+      case [dst, src]
+      # XOR r/m64, r64 (Mod 11: reg)
+      in [R64 => dst_reg, R64 => src_reg]
+        # REX.W + 31 /r
+        # MR: Operand 1: ModRM:r/m (r, w), Operand 2: ModRM:reg (r)
+        insn(
+          prefix: REX_W,
+          opcode: 0x31,
+          mod_rm: ModRM[mod: Mod11, reg: src_reg, rm: dst_reg],
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Utilities
+    #
+
+    attr_reader :comments
+
+    def comment(message)
+      @comments[@bytes.size] << message
+    end
+
+    # Mark the starting address of a block
+    def block(block)
+      @blocks[@bytes.size] << block
+    end
+
+    # Mark the starting/ending addresses of a stub
+    def stub(stub)
+      @stub_starts[@bytes.size] << stub
+      yield
+    ensure
+      @stub_ends[@bytes.size] << stub
+    end
+
+    def pos_marker(&block)
+      @pos_markers[@bytes.size] << block
+    end
+
+    def new_label(name)
+      Label.new(id: @label_id += 1, name:)
+    end
+
+    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler::Label] label
+    def write_label(label)
+      @labels[label] = @bytes.size
+    end
+
+    def incr_counter(name)
+      if C.rjit_opts.stats
+        comment("increment counter #{name}")
+        mov(:rax, C.rb_rjit_counters[name].to_i)
+        add([:rax], 1) # TODO: lock
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def insn(prefix: 0, opcode:, rd: nil, mod_rm: nil, disp: nil, imm: nil)
+      # Determine prefix
+      if rd
+        prefix |= REX_B if extended_reg?(rd)
+        opcode += reg_code(rd)
+      end
+      if mod_rm
+        prefix |= REX_R if mod_rm.reg.is_a?(Symbol) && extended_reg?(mod_rm.reg)
+        prefix |= REX_B if mod_rm.rm.is_a?(Symbol) && extended_reg?(mod_rm.rm)
+      end
+
+      # Encode insn
+      if prefix > 0
+        @bytes.push(prefix)
+      end
+      @bytes.push(*Array(opcode))
+      if mod_rm
+        mod_rm_byte = encode_mod_rm(
+          mod: mod_rm.mod,
+          reg: mod_rm.reg.is_a?(Symbol) ? reg_code(mod_rm.reg) : mod_rm.reg,
+          rm: mod_rm.rm.is_a?(Symbol) ? reg_code(mod_rm.rm) : mod_rm.rm,
+        )
+        @bytes.push(mod_rm_byte)
+      end
+      if disp
+        @bytes.push(*Array(disp))
+      end
+      if imm
+        @bytes.push(*imm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def reg_code(reg)
+      reg_code_extended(reg).first
+    end
+
+    # Table 2-2. 32-Bit Addressing Forms with the ModR/M Byte
+    #
+    #  7  6  5  4  3  2  1  0
+    # +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
+    # | Mod | Reg/   | R/M    |
+    # |     | Opcode |        |
+    # +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
+    #
+    # The r/m field can specify a register as an operand or it can be combined
+    # with the mod field to encode an addressing mode.
+    #
+    # /0: R/M is 0 (not used)
+    # /r: R/M is a register
+    def encode_mod_rm(mod:, reg: 0, rm: 0)
+      if mod > 0b11
+        raise ArgumentError, "too large Mod: #{mod}"
+      end
+      if reg > 0b111
+        raise ArgumentError, "too large Reg/Opcode: #{reg}"
+      end
+      if rm > 0b111
+        raise ArgumentError, "too large R/M: #{rm}"
+      end
+      (mod << 6) + (reg << 3) + rm
+    end
+
+    # ib: 1 byte
+    def imm8(imm)
+      unless imm8?(imm)
+        raise ArgumentError, "unexpected imm8: #{imm}"
+      end
+      [imm].pack('c').unpack('c*') # TODO: consider uimm
+    end
+
+    # id: 4 bytes
+    def imm32(imm)
+      unless imm32?(imm)
+        raise ArgumentError, "unexpected imm32: #{imm}"
+      end
+      [imm].pack('l').unpack('c*') # TODO: consider uimm
+    end
+
+    # io: 8 bytes
+    def imm64(imm)
+      unless imm64?(imm)
+        raise ArgumentError, "unexpected imm64: #{imm}"
+      end
+      imm_bytes(imm, 8)
+    end
+
+    def imm_bytes(imm, num_bytes)
+      bytes = []
+      bits = imm
+      num_bytes.times do
+        bytes << (bits & 0xff)
+        bits >>= 8
+      end
+      if bits != 0
+        raise ArgumentError, "unexpected imm with #{num_bytes} bytes: #{imm}"
+      end
+      bytes
+    end
+
+    def rel32(addr)
+      [Rel32.new(addr), Rel32Pad, Rel32Pad, Rel32Pad]
+    end
+
+    def set_code_addrs(write_addr)
+      (@bytes.size + 1).times do |index|
+        @blocks.fetch(index, []).each do |block|
+          block.start_addr = write_addr + index
+        end
+        @stub_starts.fetch(index, []).each do |stub|
+          stub.start_addr = write_addr + index
+        end
+        @stub_ends.fetch(index, []).each do |stub|
+          stub.end_addr = write_addr + index
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def resolve_rel32(write_addr)
+      @bytes.each_with_index do |byte, index|
+        if byte.is_a?(Rel32)
+          src_addr = write_addr + index + 4 # offset 4 bytes for rel32 itself
+          dst_addr = byte.addr
+          rel32 = dst_addr - src_addr
+          raise "unexpected offset: #{rel32}" unless imm32?(rel32)
+          imm32(rel32).each_with_index do |rel_byte, rel_index|
+            @bytes[index + rel_index] = rel_byte
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def resolve_labels
+      @bytes.each_with_index do |byte, index|
+        if byte.is_a?(Label)
+          src_index = index + 1 # offset 1 byte for rel8 itself
+          dst_index = @labels.fetch(byte)
+          rel8 = dst_index - src_index
+          raise "unexpected offset: #{rel8}" unless imm8?(rel8)
+          @bytes[index] = rel8
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def write_bytes(addr)
+      Fiddle::Pointer.new(addr)[0, @bytes.size] = @bytes.pack('c*')
+    end
+  end
+
+  module OperandMatcher
+    def imm8?(imm)
+      (-0x80..0x7f).include?(imm)
+    end
+
+    def imm32?(imm)
+      (-0x8000_0000..0x7fff_ffff).include?(imm) # TODO: consider uimm
+    end
+
+    def imm64?(imm)
+      (-0x8000_0000_0000_0000..0xffff_ffff_ffff_ffff).include?(imm)
+    end
+
+    def r32?(reg)
+      if extended_reg?(reg)
+        reg.end_with?('d')
+      else
+        reg.start_with?('e')
+      end
+    end
+
+    def r64?(reg)
+      if extended_reg?(reg)
+        reg.match?(/\Ar\d+\z/)
+      else
+        reg.start_with?('r')
+      end
+    end
+
+    def extended_reg?(reg)
+      reg_code_extended(reg).last
+    end
+
+    def reg_code_extended(reg)
+      case reg
+      # Not extended
+      when :al, :ax, :eax, :rax then [0, false]
+      when :cl, :cx, :ecx, :rcx then [1, false]
+      when :dl, :dx, :edx, :rdx then [2, false]
+      when :bl, :bx, :ebx, :rbx then [3, false]
+      when :ah, :sp, :esp, :rsp then [4, false]
+      when :ch, :bp, :ebp, :rbp then [5, false]
+      when :dh, :si, :esi, :rsi then [6, false]
+      when :bh, :di, :edi, :rdi then [7, false]
+      # Extended
+      when :r8b,  :r8w,  :r8d,  :r8  then [0, true]
+      when :r9b,  :r9w,  :r9d,  :r9  then [1, true]
+      when :r10b, :r10w, :r10d, :r10 then [2, true]
+      when :r11b, :r11w, :r11d, :r11 then [3, true]
+      when :r12b, :r12w, :r12d, :r12 then [4, true]
+      when :r13b, :r13w, :r13d, :r13 then [5, true]
+      when :r14b, :r14w, :r14d, :r14 then [6, true]
+      when :r15b, :r15w, :r15d, :r15 then [7, true]
+      else raise ArgumentError, "unexpected reg: #{reg.inspect}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Assembler
+    include OperandMatcher
+    extend OperandMatcher
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/block.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/block.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cfdaade8b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/block.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+class RubyVM::RJIT::Block < Struct.new(
+  :iseq,        # @param ``
+  :pc,          # @param [Integer] Starting PC
+  :ctx,         # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Context] **Starting** Context (TODO: freeze?)
+  :start_addr,  # @param [Integer] Starting address of this block's JIT code
+  :entry_exit,  # @param [Integer] Address of entry exit (optional)
+  :incoming,    # @param [Array<RubyVM::RJIT::BranchStub>] Incoming branches
+  :invalidated, # @param [TrueClass,FalseClass] true if already invalidated
+)
+  def initialize(incoming: [], invalidated: false, **) = super
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/branch_stub.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/branch_stub.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9fe78b744
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/branch_stub.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # Branch shapes
+  Next0   = :Next0   # target0 is a fallthrough
+  Next1   = :Next1   # target1 is a fallthrough
+  Default = :Default # neither targets is a fallthrough
+
+  class BranchStub < Struct.new(
+    :iseq,       # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_iseq_struct] Branch target ISEQ
+    :shape,      # @param [Symbol] Next0, Next1, or Default
+    :target0,    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::BranchTarget] First branch target
+    :target1,    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::BranchTarget,NilClass] Second branch target (optional)
+    :compile,    # @param [Proc] A callback to (re-)generate this branch stub
+    :start_addr, # @param [Integer] Stub source start address to be re-generated
+    :end_addr,   # @param [Integer] Stub source end address to be re-generated
+  )
+  end
+
+  class BranchTarget < Struct.new(
+    :pc,
+    :ctx,
+    :address,
+  )
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/c_pointer.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/c_pointer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db00c4cd11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/c_pointer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # Every class under this namespace is a pointer. Even if the type is
+  # immediate, it shouldn't be dereferenced until `*` is called.
+  module CPointer
+    # Note: We'd like to avoid alphabetic method names to avoid a conflict
+    # with member methods. to_i and to_s are considered an exception.
+    class Struct
+      # @param name [String]
+      # @param sizeof [Integer]
+      # @param members [Hash{ Symbol => [RubyVM::RJIT::CType::*, Integer, TrueClass] }]
+      def initialize(addr, sizeof, members)
+        @addr = addr
+        @sizeof = sizeof
+        @members = members
+      end
+
+      # Get a raw address
+      def to_i
+        @addr
+      end
+
+      # Serialized address for generated code
+      def to_s
+        "0x#{@addr.to_s(16)}"
+      end
+
+      # Pointer diff
+      def -(struct)
+        raise ArgumentError if self.class != struct.class
+        (@addr - struct.to_i) / @sizeof
+      end
+
+      # Primitive API that does no automatic dereference
+      # TODO: remove this?
+      # @param member [Symbol]
+      def [](member)
+        type, offset = @members.fetch(member)
+        type.new(@addr + offset / 8)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # @param member [Symbol]
+      # @param value [Object]
+      def []=(member, value)
+        type, offset = @members.fetch(member)
+        type[@addr + offset / 8] = value
+      end
+
+      # @param size [Integer]
+      # @param members [Hash{ Symbol => [Integer, RubyVM::RJIT::CType::*] }]
+      def self.define(size, members)
+        Class.new(self) do
+          # Return the size of this type
+          define_singleton_method(:size) { size }
+
+          # Return the offset to a field
+          define_singleton_method(:offsetof) do |field, *fields|
+            member, offset = members.fetch(field)
+            offset /= 8
+            unless fields.empty?
+              offset += member.offsetof(*fields)
+            end
+            offset
+          end
+
+          # Return member names
+          define_singleton_method(:members) { members.keys }
+
+          define_method(:initialize) do |addr = nil|
+            if addr.nil? # TODO: get rid of this feature later
+              addr = Fiddle.malloc(size)
+            end
+            super(addr, size, members)
+          end
+
+          members.each do |member, (type, offset, to_ruby)|
+            # Intelligent API that does automatic dereference
+            define_method(member) do
+              value = self[member]
+              if value.respond_to?(:*)
+                value = value.*
+              end
+              if to_ruby
+                value = C.to_ruby(value)
+              end
+              value
+            end
+
+            define_method("#{member}=") do |value|
+              if to_ruby
+                value = C.to_value(value)
+              end
+              self[member] = value
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Note: We'd like to avoid alphabetic method names to avoid a conflict
+    # with member methods. to_i is considered an exception.
+    class Union
+      # @param _name [String] To be used when it starts defining a union pointer class
+      # @param sizeof [Integer]
+      # @param members [Hash{ Symbol => RubyVM::RJIT::CType::* }]
+      def initialize(addr, sizeof, members)
+        @addr = addr
+        @sizeof = sizeof
+        @members = members
+      end
+
+      # Get a raw address
+      def to_i
+        @addr
+      end
+
+      # Move addr to access this pointer like an array
+      def +(index)
+        raise ArgumentError unless index.is_a?(Integer)
+        self.class.new(@addr + index * @sizeof)
+      end
+
+      # Pointer diff
+      def -(union)
+        raise ArgumentError if self.class != union.class
+        (@addr - union.instance_variable_get(:@addr)) / @sizeof
+      end
+
+      # @param sizeof [Integer]
+      # @param members [Hash{ Symbol => RubyVM::RJIT::CType::* }]
+      def self.define(sizeof, members)
+        Class.new(self) do
+          # Return the size of this type
+          define_singleton_method(:sizeof) { sizeof }
+
+          # Part of Struct's offsetof implementation
+          define_singleton_method(:offsetof) do |field, *fields|
+            member = members.fetch(field)
+            offset = 0
+            unless fields.empty?
+              offset += member.offsetof(*fields)
+            end
+            offset
+          end
+
+          define_method(:initialize) do |addr|
+            super(addr, sizeof, members)
+          end
+
+          members.each do |member, type|
+            # Intelligent API that does automatic dereference
+            define_method(member) do
+              value = type.new(@addr)
+              if value.respond_to?(:*)
+                value = value.*
+              end
+              value
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Immediate
+      # @param addr [Integer]
+      # @param size [Integer]
+      # @param pack [String]
+      def initialize(addr, size, pack)
+        @addr = addr
+        @size = size
+        @pack = pack
+      end
+
+      # Get a raw address
+      def to_i
+        @addr
+      end
+
+      # Move addr to addess this pointer like an array
+      def +(index)
+        Immediate.new(@addr + index * @size, @size, @pack)
+      end
+
+      # Dereference
+      def *
+        self[0]
+      end
+
+      # Array access
+      def [](index)
+        return nil if @addr == 0
+        Fiddle::Pointer.new(@addr + index * @size)[0, @size].unpack1(@pack)
+      end
+
+      # Array set
+      def []=(index, value)
+        Fiddle::Pointer.new(@addr + index * @size)[0, @size] = [value].pack(@pack)
+      end
+
+      # Serialized address for generated code. Used for embedding things like body->iseq_encoded.
+      def to_s
+        "0x#{Integer(@addr).to_s(16)}"
+      end
+
+      # @param fiddle_type [Integer] Fiddle::TYPE_*
+      def self.define(fiddle_type)
+        size = Fiddle::PackInfo::SIZE_MAP.fetch(fiddle_type)
+        pack = Fiddle::PackInfo::PACK_MAP.fetch(fiddle_type)
+
+        Class.new(self) do
+          define_method(:initialize) do |addr|
+            super(addr, size, pack)
+          end
+
+          define_singleton_method(:size) do
+            size
+          end
+
+          # Type-level []=: Used by struct fields
+          define_singleton_method(:[]=) do |addr, value|
+            Fiddle::Pointer.new(addr)[0, size] = [value].pack(pack)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # -Fiddle::TYPE_CHAR Immediate with special handling of true/false
+    class Bool < Immediate.define(-Fiddle::TYPE_CHAR)
+      # Dereference
+      def *
+        return nil if @addr == 0
+        super != 0
+      end
+
+      def self.[]=(addr, value)
+        super(addr, value ? 1 : 0)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Basically Immediate but without #* to skip auto-dereference of structs.
+    class Array
+      attr_reader :type
+
+      # @param addr [Integer]
+      # @param type [Class] RubyVM::RJIT::CType::*
+      def initialize(addr, type)
+        @addr = addr
+        @type = type
+      end
+
+      # Array access
+      def [](index)
+        @type.new(@addr)[index]
+      end
+
+      # Array set
+      # @param index [Integer]
+      # @param value [Integer, RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct] an address itself or an object that return an address with to_i
+      def []=(index, value)
+        @type.new(@addr)[index] = value
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def self.define(block)
+        Class.new(self) do
+          define_method(:initialize) do |addr|
+            super(addr, block.call)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Pointer
+      attr_reader :type
+
+      # @param addr [Integer]
+      # @param type [Class] RubyVM::RJIT::CType::*
+      def initialize(addr, type)
+        @addr = addr
+        @type = type
+      end
+
+      # Move addr to addess this pointer like an array
+      def +(index)
+        raise ArgumentError unless index.is_a?(Integer)
+        Pointer.new(@addr + index * Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP, @type)
+      end
+
+      # Dereference
+      def *
+        return nil if dest_addr == 0
+        @type.new(dest_addr)
+      end
+
+      # Array access
+      def [](index)
+        (self + index).*
+      end
+
+      # Array set
+      # @param index [Integer]
+      # @param value [Integer, RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct] an address itself or an object that return an address with to_i
+      def []=(index, value)
+        Fiddle::Pointer.new(@addr + index * Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP)[0, Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP] =
+          [value.to_i].pack(Fiddle::PackInfo::PACK_MAP[Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP])
+      end
+
+      # Get a raw address
+      def to_i
+        @addr
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def dest_addr
+        Fiddle::Pointer.new(@addr)[0, Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP].unpack1(Fiddle::PackInfo::PACK_MAP[Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP])
+      end
+
+      def self.define(block)
+        Class.new(self) do
+          define_method(:initialize) do |addr|
+            super(addr, block.call)
+          end
+
+          # Type-level []=: Used by struct fields
+          # @param addr [Integer]
+          # @param value [Integer, RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct] an address itself, or an object that return an address with to_i
+          define_singleton_method(:[]=) do |addr, value|
+            value = value.to_i
+            Fiddle::Pointer.new(addr)[0, Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP] = [value].pack(Fiddle::PackInfo::PACK_MAP[Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP])
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class BitField
+      # @param addr [Integer]
+      # @param width [Integer]
+      # @param offset [Integer]
+      def initialize(addr, width, offset)
+        @addr = addr
+        @width = width
+        @offset = offset
+      end
+
+      # Dereference
+      def *
+        byte = Fiddle::Pointer.new(@addr)[0, Fiddle::SIZEOF_CHAR].unpack('c').first
+        if @width == 1
+          bit = (1 & (byte >> @offset))
+          bit == 1
+        elsif @width <= 8 && @offset == 0
+          bitmask = @width.times.map { |i| 1 << i }.sum
+          byte & bitmask
+        else
+          raise NotImplementedError.new("not-implemented bit field access: width=#{@width} offset=#{@offset}")
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @param width [Integer]
+      # @param offset [Integer]
+      def self.define(width, offset)
+        Class.new(self) do
+          define_method(:initialize) do |addr|
+            super(addr, width, offset)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Give a name to a dynamic CPointer class to see it on inspect
+    def self.with_class_name(prefix, name, cache: false, &block)
+      return block.call if !name.nil? && name.empty?
+
+      # Use a cached result only if cache: true
+      class_name = "#{prefix}_#{name}"
+      klass =
+        if cache && self.const_defined?(class_name)
+          self.const_get(class_name)
+        else
+          block.call
+        end
+
+      # Give it a name unless it's already defined
+      unless self.const_defined?(class_name)
+        self.const_set(class_name, klass)
+      end
+
+      klass
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/c_type.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/c_type.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b313a658b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/c_type.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+require 'fiddle'
+require 'fiddle/pack'
+require_relative 'c_pointer'
+
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  module CType
+    module Struct
+      # @param name [String]
+      # @param members [Hash{ Symbol => [Integer, RubyVM::RJIT::CType::*] }]
+      def self.new(name, sizeof, **members)
+        name = members.keys.join('_') if name.empty?
+        CPointer.with_class_name('Struct', name) do
+          CPointer::Struct.define(sizeof, members)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    module Union
+      # @param name [String]
+      # @param members [Hash{ Symbol => RubyVM::RJIT::CType::* }]
+      def self.new(name, sizeof, **members)
+        name = members.keys.join('_') if name.empty?
+        CPointer.with_class_name('Union', name) do
+          CPointer::Union.define(sizeof, members)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    module Immediate
+      # @param fiddle_type [Integer]
+      def self.new(fiddle_type)
+        name = Fiddle.constants.find do |const|
+          const.start_with?('TYPE_') && Fiddle.const_get(const) == fiddle_type.abs
+        end&.to_s
+        name.delete_prefix!('TYPE_')
+        if fiddle_type.negative?
+          name.prepend('U')
+        end
+        CPointer.with_class_name('Immediate', name, cache: true) do
+          CPointer::Immediate.define(fiddle_type)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @param type [String]
+      def self.parse(ctype)
+        new(Fiddle::Importer.parse_ctype(ctype))
+      end
+
+      def self.find(size, signed)
+        fiddle_type = TYPE_MAP.fetch(size)
+        fiddle_type = -fiddle_type unless signed
+        new(fiddle_type)
+      end
+
+      TYPE_MAP = Fiddle::PackInfo::SIZE_MAP.map { |type, size| [size, type.abs] }.to_h
+      private_constant :TYPE_MAP
+    end
+
+    module Bool
+      def self.new
+        CPointer::Bool
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Array
+      def self.new(&block)
+        CPointer.with_class_name('Array', block.object_id.to_s) do
+          CPointer::Array.define(block)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Pointer
+      # This takes a block to avoid "stack level too deep" on a cyclic reference
+      # @param block [Proc]
+      def self.new(&block)
+        CPointer.with_class_name('Pointer', block.object_id.to_s) do
+          CPointer::Pointer.define(block)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    module BitField
+      # @param width [Integer]
+      # @param offset [Integer]
+      def self.new(width, offset)
+        CPointer.with_class_name('BitField', "#{offset}_#{width}") do
+          CPointer::BitField.define(width, offset)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Types that are referenced but not part of code generation targets
+    Stub = ::Struct.new(:name)
+
+    # Types that it failed to figure out from the header
+    Unknown = Module.new
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/code_block.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/code_block.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..260bd98671
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/code_block.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  class CodeBlock
+    # @param mem_block [Integer] JIT buffer address
+    # @param mem_size  [Integer] JIT buffer size
+    # @param outliend  [TrueClass,FalseClass] true for outlined CodeBlock
+    def initialize(mem_block:, mem_size:, outlined: false)
+      @comments  = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] } if dump_disasm?
+      @mem_block = mem_block
+      @mem_size  = mem_size
+      @write_pos = 0
+      @outlined  = outlined
+    end
+
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def write(asm)
+      return 0 if @write_pos + asm.size >= @mem_size
+
+      start_addr = write_addr
+
+      # Write machine code
+      C.mprotect_write(@mem_block, @mem_size)
+      @write_pos += asm.assemble(start_addr)
+      C.mprotect_exec(@mem_block, @mem_size)
+
+      end_addr = write_addr
+
+      # Convert comment indexes to addresses
+      asm.comments.each do |index, comments|
+        @comments[start_addr + index] += comments if dump_disasm?
+      end
+      asm.comments.clear
+
+      # Dump disasm if --rjit-dump-disasm
+      if C.rjit_opts.dump_disasm && start_addr < end_addr
+        dump_disasm(start_addr, end_addr)
+      end
+      start_addr
+    end
+
+    def set_write_addr(addr)
+      @write_pos = addr - @mem_block
+      @comments.delete(addr) if dump_disasm?
+    end
+
+    def with_write_addr(addr)
+      old_write_pos = @write_pos
+      set_write_addr(addr)
+      yield
+    ensure
+      @write_pos = old_write_pos
+    end
+
+    def write_addr
+      @mem_block + @write_pos
+    end
+
+    def include?(addr)
+      (@mem_block...(@mem_block + @mem_size)).include?(addr)
+    end
+
+    def dump_disasm(from, to, io: STDOUT, color: true, test: false)
+      C.dump_disasm(from, to, test:).each do |address, mnemonic, op_str|
+        @comments.fetch(address, []).each do |comment|
+          io.puts colorize("  # #{comment}", bold: true, color:)
+        end
+        io.puts colorize("  0x#{format("%x", address)}: #{mnemonic} #{op_str}", color:)
+      end
+      io.puts
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def colorize(text, bold: false, color:)
+      return text unless color
+      buf = +''
+      buf << "\e[1m" if bold
+      buf << "\e[34m" if @outlined
+      buf << text
+      buf << "\e[0m"
+      buf
+    end
+
+    def bold(text)
+      "\e[1m#{text}\e[0m"
+    end
+
+    def dump_disasm?
+      C.rjit_opts.dump_disasm
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/compiler.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/compiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5c3adf0ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/compiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,518 @@
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/assembler'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/block'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/branch_stub'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/code_block'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/context'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/entry_stub'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/exit_compiler'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/insn_compiler'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/instruction'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/invariants'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/jit_state'
+require 'ruby_vm/rjit/type'
+
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # Compilation status
+  KeepCompiling = :KeepCompiling
+  CantCompile = :CantCompile
+  EndBlock = :EndBlock
+
+  # Ruby constants
+  Qtrue = Fiddle::Qtrue
+  Qfalse = Fiddle::Qfalse
+  Qnil = Fiddle::Qnil
+  Qundef = Fiddle::Qundef
+
+  # Callee-saved registers
+  # TODO: support using r12/r13 here
+  EC  = :r14
+  CFP = :r15
+  SP  = :rbx
+
+  # Scratch registers: rax, rcx, rdx
+
+  # Mark objects in this Array during GC
+  GC_REFS = []
+
+  # Maximum number of versions per block
+  # 1 means always create generic versions
+  MAX_VERSIONS = 4
+
+  class Compiler
+    attr_accessor :write_pos
+
+    def self.decode_insn(encoded)
+      INSNS.fetch(C.rb_vm_insn_decode(encoded))
+    end
+
+    def initialize
+      mem_size = C.rjit_opts.exec_mem_size * 1024 * 1024
+      mem_block = C.mmap(mem_size)
+      @cb = CodeBlock.new(mem_block: mem_block, mem_size: mem_size / 2)
+      @ocb = CodeBlock.new(mem_block: mem_block + mem_size / 2, mem_size: mem_size / 2, outlined: true)
+      @exit_compiler = ExitCompiler.new
+      @insn_compiler = InsnCompiler.new(@cb, @ocb, @exit_compiler)
+      Invariants.initialize(@cb, @ocb, self, @exit_compiler)
+    end
+
+    # Compile an ISEQ from its entry point.
+    # @param iseq `RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_iseq_t`
+    # @param cfp `RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_control_frame_t`
+    def compile(iseq, cfp)
+      return unless supported_platform?
+      pc = cfp.pc.to_i
+      jit = JITState.new(iseq:, cfp:)
+      asm = Assembler.new
+      compile_prologue(asm, iseq, pc)
+      compile_block(asm, jit:, pc:)
+      iseq.body.jit_entry = @cb.write(asm)
+    rescue Exception => e
+      STDERR.puts "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
+      STDERR.puts e.backtrace
+      exit 1
+    end
+
+    # Compile an entry.
+    # @param entry [RubyVM::RJIT::EntryStub]
+    def entry_stub_hit(entry_stub, cfp)
+      # Compile a new entry guard as a next entry
+      pc = cfp.pc.to_i
+      next_entry = Assembler.new.then do |asm|
+        compile_entry_chain_guard(asm, cfp.iseq, pc)
+        @cb.write(asm)
+      end
+
+      # Try to find an existing compiled version of this block
+      ctx = Context.new
+      block = find_block(cfp.iseq, pc, ctx)
+      if block
+        # If an existing block is found, generate a jump to the block.
+        asm = Assembler.new
+        asm.jmp(block.start_addr)
+        @cb.write(asm)
+      else
+        # If this block hasn't yet been compiled, generate blocks after the entry guard.
+        asm = Assembler.new
+        jit = JITState.new(iseq: cfp.iseq, cfp:)
+        compile_block(asm, jit:, pc:, ctx:)
+        @cb.write(asm)
+
+        block = jit.block
+      end
+
+      # Regenerate the previous entry
+      @cb.with_write_addr(entry_stub.start_addr) do
+        # The last instruction of compile_entry_chain_guard is jne
+        asm = Assembler.new
+        asm.jne(next_entry)
+        @cb.write(asm)
+      end
+
+      return block.start_addr
+    rescue Exception => e
+      STDERR.puts e.full_message
+      exit 1
+    end
+
+    # Compile a branch stub.
+    # @param branch_stub [RubyVM::RJIT::BranchStub]
+    # @param cfp `RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_control_frame_t`
+    # @param target0_p [TrueClass,FalseClass]
+    # @return [Integer] The starting address of the compiled branch stub
+    def branch_stub_hit(branch_stub, cfp, target0_p)
+      # Update cfp->pc for `jit.at_current_insn?`
+      target = target0_p ? branch_stub.target0 : branch_stub.target1
+      cfp.pc = target.pc
+
+      # Reuse an existing block if it already exists
+      block = find_block(branch_stub.iseq, target.pc, target.ctx)
+
+      # If the branch stub's jump is the last code, allow overwriting part of
+      # the old branch code with the new block code.
+      fallthrough = block.nil? && @cb.write_addr == branch_stub.end_addr
+      if fallthrough
+        # If the branch stub's jump is the last code, allow overwriting part of
+        # the old branch code with the new block code.
+        @cb.set_write_addr(branch_stub.start_addr)
+        branch_stub.shape = target0_p ? Next0 : Next1
+        Assembler.new.tap do |branch_asm|
+          branch_stub.compile.call(branch_asm)
+          @cb.write(branch_asm)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Reuse or generate a block
+      if block
+        target.address = block.start_addr
+      else
+        jit = JITState.new(iseq: branch_stub.iseq, cfp:)
+        target.address = Assembler.new.then do |asm|
+          compile_block(asm, jit:, pc: target.pc, ctx: target.ctx.dup)
+          @cb.write(asm)
+        end
+        block = jit.block
+      end
+      block.incoming << branch_stub # prepare for invalidate_block
+
+      # Re-generate the branch code for non-fallthrough cases
+      unless fallthrough
+        @cb.with_write_addr(branch_stub.start_addr) do
+          branch_asm = Assembler.new
+          branch_stub.compile.call(branch_asm)
+          @cb.write(branch_asm)
+        end
+      end
+
+      return target.address
+    rescue Exception => e
+      STDERR.puts e.full_message
+      exit 1
+    end
+
+    # @param iseq `RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_iseq_t`
+    # @param pc [Integer]
+    def invalidate_blocks(iseq, pc)
+      list_blocks(iseq, pc).each do |block|
+        invalidate_block(block)
+      end
+
+      # If they were the ISEQ's first blocks, re-compile RJIT entry as well
+      if iseq.body.iseq_encoded.to_i == pc
+        iseq.body.jit_entry = 0
+        iseq.body.jit_entry_calls = 0
+      end
+    end
+
+    def invalidate_block(block)
+      iseq = block.iseq
+      # Avoid touching GCed ISEQs. We assume it won't be re-entered.
+      return unless C.imemo_type_p(iseq, C.imemo_iseq)
+
+      # Remove this block from the version array
+      remove_block(iseq, block)
+
+      # Invalidate the block with entry exit
+      unless block.invalidated
+        @cb.with_write_addr(block.start_addr) do
+          asm = Assembler.new
+          asm.comment('invalidate_block')
+          asm.jmp(block.entry_exit)
+          @cb.write(asm)
+        end
+        block.invalidated = true
+      end
+
+      # Re-stub incoming branches
+      block.incoming.each do |branch_stub|
+        target = [branch_stub.target0, branch_stub.target1].compact.find do |target|
+          target.pc == block.pc && target.ctx == block.ctx
+        end
+        next if target.nil?
+        # TODO: Could target.address be a stub address? Is invalidation not needed in that case?
+
+        # If the target being re-generated is currently a fallthrough block,
+        # the fallthrough code must be rewritten with a jump to the stub.
+        if target.address == branch_stub.end_addr
+          branch_stub.shape = Default
+        end
+
+        target.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(block.ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, target == branch_stub.target0)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        @cb.with_write_addr(branch_stub.start_addr) do
+          branch_asm = Assembler.new
+          branch_stub.compile.call(branch_asm)
+          @cb.write(branch_asm)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Callee-saved: rbx, rsp, rbp, r12, r13, r14, r15
+    # Caller-saved: rax, rdi, rsi, rdx, rcx, r8, r9, r10, r11
+    #
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def compile_prologue(asm, iseq, pc)
+      asm.comment('RJIT entry point')
+
+      # Save callee-saved registers used by JITed code
+      asm.push(CFP)
+      asm.push(EC)
+      asm.push(SP)
+
+      # Move arguments EC and CFP to dedicated registers
+      asm.mov(EC, :rdi)
+      asm.mov(CFP, :rsi)
+
+      # Load sp to a dedicated register
+      asm.mov(SP, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)]) # rbx = cfp->sp
+
+      # Setup cfp->jit_return
+      asm.mov(:rax, leave_exit)
+      asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:jit_return)], :rax)
+
+      # We're compiling iseqs that we *expect* to start at `insn_idx`. But in
+      # the case of optional parameters, the interpreter can set the pc to a
+      # different location depending on the optional parameters.  If an iseq
+      # has optional parameters, we'll add a runtime check that the PC we've
+      # compiled for is the same PC that the interpreter wants us to run with.
+      # If they don't match, then we'll take a side exit.
+      if iseq.body.param.flags.has_opt
+        compile_entry_chain_guard(asm, iseq, pc)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def compile_entry_chain_guard(asm, iseq, pc)
+      entry_stub = EntryStub.new
+      stub_addr = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+        @exit_compiler.compile_entry_stub(ocb_asm, entry_stub)
+        @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+      end
+
+      asm.comment('guard expected PC')
+      asm.mov(:rax, pc)
+      asm.cmp([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:pc)], :rax)
+
+      asm.stub(entry_stub) do
+        asm.jne(stub_addr)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    def compile_block(asm, jit:, pc:, ctx: Context.new)
+      # Mark the block start address and prepare an exit code storage
+      ctx = limit_block_versions(jit.iseq, pc, ctx)
+      block = Block.new(iseq: jit.iseq, pc:, ctx: ctx.dup)
+      jit.block = block
+      asm.block(block)
+
+      iseq = jit.iseq
+      asm.comment("Block: #{iseq.body.location.label}@#{C.rb_iseq_path(iseq)}:#{iseq_lineno(iseq, pc)}")
+
+      # Compile each insn
+      index = (pc - iseq.body.iseq_encoded.to_i) / C.VALUE.size
+      while index < iseq.body.iseq_size
+        # Set the current instruction
+        insn = self.class.decode_insn(iseq.body.iseq_encoded[index])
+        jit.pc = (iseq.body.iseq_encoded + index).to_i
+        jit.stack_size_for_pc = ctx.stack_size
+        jit.side_exit_for_pc.clear
+
+        # If previous instruction requested to record the boundary
+        if jit.record_boundary_patch_point
+          # Generate an exit to this instruction and record it
+          exit_pos = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+            @exit_compiler.compile_side_exit(jit.pc, ctx, ocb_asm)
+            @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+          end
+          Invariants.record_global_inval_patch(asm, exit_pos)
+          jit.record_boundary_patch_point = false
+        end
+
+        # In debug mode, verify our existing assumption
+        if C.rjit_opts.verify_ctx && jit.at_current_insn?
+          verify_ctx(jit, ctx)
+        end
+
+        case status = @insn_compiler.compile(jit, ctx, asm, insn)
+        when KeepCompiling
+          # For now, reset the chain depth after each instruction as only the
+          # first instruction in the block can concern itself with the depth.
+          ctx.chain_depth = 0
+
+          index += insn.len
+        when EndBlock
+          # TODO: pad nops if entry exit exists (not needed for x86_64?)
+          break
+        when CantCompile
+          # Rewind stack_size using ctx.with_stack_size to allow stack_size changes
+          # before you return CantCompile.
+          @exit_compiler.compile_side_exit(jit.pc, ctx.with_stack_size(jit.stack_size_for_pc), asm)
+
+          # If this is the first instruction, this block never needs to be invalidated.
+          if block.pc == iseq.body.iseq_encoded.to_i + index * C.VALUE.size
+            block.invalidated = true
+          end
+
+          break
+        else
+          raise "compiling #{insn.name} returned unexpected status: #{status.inspect}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      incr_counter(:compiled_block_count)
+      add_block(iseq, block)
+    end
+
+    def leave_exit
+      @leave_exit ||= Assembler.new.then do |asm|
+        @exit_compiler.compile_leave_exit(asm)
+        @ocb.write(asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def incr_counter(name)
+      if C.rjit_opts.stats
+        C.rb_rjit_counters[name][0] += 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Produce a generic context when the block version limit is hit for the block
+    def limit_block_versions(iseq, pc, ctx)
+      # Guard chains implement limits separately, do nothing
+      if ctx.chain_depth > 0
+        return ctx.dup
+      end
+
+      # If this block version we're about to add will hit the version limit
+      if list_blocks(iseq, pc).size + 1 >= MAX_VERSIONS
+        # Produce a generic context that stores no type information,
+        # but still respects the stack_size and sp_offset constraints.
+        # This new context will then match all future requests.
+        generic_ctx = Context.new
+        generic_ctx.stack_size = ctx.stack_size
+        generic_ctx.sp_offset = ctx.sp_offset
+
+        if ctx.diff(generic_ctx) == TypeDiff::Incompatible
+          raise 'should substitute a compatible context'
+        end
+
+        return generic_ctx
+      end
+
+      return ctx.dup
+    end
+
+    def list_blocks(iseq, pc)
+      rjit_blocks(iseq)[pc]
+    end
+
+    # @param [Integer] pc
+    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Context] ctx
+    # @return [RubyVM::RJIT::Block,NilClass]
+    def find_block(iseq, pc, ctx)
+      versions = rjit_blocks(iseq)[pc]
+
+      best_version = nil
+      best_diff = Float::INFINITY
+
+      versions.each do |block|
+        # Note that we always prefer the first matching
+        # version found because of inline-cache chains
+        case ctx.diff(block.ctx)
+        in TypeDiff::Compatible[diff] if diff < best_diff
+          best_version = block
+          best_diff = diff
+        else
+        end
+      end
+
+      return best_version
+    end
+
+    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Block] block
+    def add_block(iseq, block)
+      rjit_blocks(iseq)[block.pc] << block
+    end
+
+    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Block] block
+    def remove_block(iseq, block)
+      rjit_blocks(iseq)[block.pc].delete(block)
+    end
+
+    def rjit_blocks(iseq)
+      # Guard against ISEQ GC at random moments
+
+      unless C.imemo_type_p(iseq, C.imemo_iseq)
+        return Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+      end
+
+      unless iseq.body.rjit_blocks
+        iseq.body.rjit_blocks = Hash.new { |blocks, pc| blocks[pc] = [] }
+        # For some reason, rb_rjit_iseq_mark didn't protect this Hash
+        # from being freed. So we rely on GC_REFS to keep the Hash.
+        GC_REFS << iseq.body.rjit_blocks
+      end
+      iseq.body.rjit_blocks
+    end
+
+    def iseq_lineno(iseq, pc)
+      C.rb_iseq_line_no(iseq, (pc - iseq.body.iseq_encoded.to_i) / C.VALUE.size)
+    rescue RangeError # bignum too big to convert into `unsigned long long' (RangeError)
+      -1
+    end
+
+    # Verify the ctx's types and mappings against the compile-time stack, self, and locals.
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    def verify_ctx(jit, ctx)
+      # Only able to check types when at current insn
+      assert(jit.at_current_insn?)
+
+      self_val = jit.peek_at_self
+      self_val_type = Type.from(self_val)
+
+      # Verify self operand type
+      assert_compatible(self_val_type, ctx.get_opnd_type(SelfOpnd))
+
+      # Verify stack operand types
+      [ctx.stack_size, MAX_TEMP_TYPES].min.times do |i|
+        learned_mapping, learned_type = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[i])
+        stack_val = jit.peek_at_stack(i)
+        val_type = Type.from(stack_val)
+
+        case learned_mapping
+        in MapToSelf
+          if C.to_value(self_val) != C.to_value(stack_val)
+            raise "verify_ctx: stack value was mapped to self, but values did not match:\n"\
+              "stack: #{stack_val.inspect}, self: #{self_val.inspect}"
+          end
+        in MapToLocal[local_idx]
+          local_val = jit.peek_at_local(local_idx)
+          if C.to_value(local_val) != C.to_value(stack_val)
+            raise "verify_ctx: stack value was mapped to local, but values did not match:\n"\
+              "stack: #{stack_val.inspect}, local: #{local_val.inspect}"
+          end
+        in MapToStack
+          # noop
+        end
+
+        # If the actual type differs from the learned type
+        assert_compatible(val_type, learned_type)
+      end
+
+      # Verify local variable types
+      local_table_size = jit.iseq.body.local_table_size
+      [local_table_size, MAX_TEMP_TYPES].min.times do |i|
+        learned_type = ctx.get_local_type(i)
+        local_val = jit.peek_at_local(i)
+        local_type = Type.from(local_val)
+
+        assert_compatible(local_type, learned_type)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def assert_compatible(actual_type, ctx_type)
+      if actual_type.diff(ctx_type) == TypeDiff::Incompatible
+        raise "verify_ctx: ctx type (#{ctx_type.type.inspect}) is incompatible with actual type (#{actual_type.type.inspect})"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def assert(cond)
+      unless cond
+        raise "'#{cond.inspect}' was not true"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def supported_platform?
+      return @supported_platform if defined?(@supported_platform)
+      @supported_platform = RUBY_PLATFORM.match?(/x86_64/).tap do |supported|
+        warn "warning: RJIT does not support #{RUBY_PLATFORM} yet" unless supported
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/context.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/context.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2a7ecc6dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/context.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # Maximum number of temp value types we keep track of
+  MAX_TEMP_TYPES = 8
+  # Maximum number of local variable types we keep track of
+  MAX_LOCAL_TYPES = 8
+
+  # Operand to a YARV bytecode instruction
+  SelfOpnd = :SelfOpnd # The value is self
+  StackOpnd = Data.define(:index) # Temporary stack operand with stack index
+
+  # Potential mapping of a value on the temporary stack to self,
+  # a local variable, or constant so that we can track its type
+  MapToStack = :MapToStack # Normal stack value
+  MapToSelf  = :MapToSelf  # Temp maps to the self operand
+  MapToLocal = Data.define(:local_index) # Temp maps to a local variable with index
+
+  class Context < Struct.new(
+    :stack_size,   # @param [Integer] The number of values on the stack
+    :sp_offset,    # @param [Integer] JIT sp offset relative to the interpreter's sp
+    :chain_depth,  # @param [Integer] jit_chain_guard depth
+    :local_types,  # @param [Array<RubyVM::RJIT::Type>] Local variable types we keep track of
+    :temp_types,   # @param [Array<RubyVM::RJIT::Type>] Temporary variable types we keep track of
+    :self_type,    # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Type] Type we track for self
+    :temp_mapping, # @param [Array<Symbol>] Mapping of temp stack entries to types we track
+  )
+    def initialize(
+      stack_size:   0,
+      sp_offset:    0,
+      chain_depth:  0,
+      local_types:  [Type::Unknown] * MAX_LOCAL_TYPES,
+      temp_types:   [Type::Unknown] * MAX_TEMP_TYPES,
+      self_type:    Type::Unknown,
+      temp_mapping: [MapToStack] * MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+    ) = super
+
+    # Deep dup by default for safety
+    def dup
+      ctx = super
+      ctx.local_types = ctx.local_types.dup
+      ctx.temp_types = ctx.temp_types.dup
+      ctx.temp_mapping = ctx.temp_mapping.dup
+      ctx
+    end
+
+    # Create a new Context instance with a given stack_size and sp_offset adjusted
+    # accordingly. This is useful when you want to virtually rewind a stack_size for
+    # generating a side exit while considering past sp_offset changes on gen_save_sp.
+    def with_stack_size(stack_size)
+      ctx = self.dup
+      ctx.sp_offset -= ctx.stack_size - stack_size
+      ctx.stack_size = stack_size
+      ctx
+    end
+
+    def stack_opnd(depth_from_top)
+      [SP, C.VALUE.size * (self.sp_offset - 1 - depth_from_top)]
+    end
+
+    def sp_opnd(offset_bytes = 0)
+      [SP, (C.VALUE.size * self.sp_offset) + offset_bytes]
+    end
+
+    # Push one new value on the temp stack with an explicit mapping
+    # Return a pointer to the new stack top
+    def stack_push_mapping(mapping_temp_type)
+      stack_size = self.stack_size
+
+      # Keep track of the type and mapping of the value
+      if stack_size < MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+        mapping, temp_type = mapping_temp_type
+        self.temp_mapping[stack_size] = mapping
+        self.temp_types[stack_size] = temp_type
+
+        case mapping
+        in MapToLocal[idx]
+          assert(idx < MAX_LOCAL_TYPES)
+        else
+        end
+      end
+
+      self.stack_size += 1
+      self.sp_offset += 1
+
+      return self.stack_opnd(0)
+    end
+
+    # Push one new value on the temp stack
+    # Return a pointer to the new stack top
+    def stack_push(val_type)
+      return self.stack_push_mapping([MapToStack, val_type])
+    end
+
+    # Push the self value on the stack
+    def stack_push_self
+      return self.stack_push_mapping([MapToStack, Type::Unknown])
+    end
+
+    # Push a local variable on the stack
+    def stack_push_local(local_idx)
+      if local_idx >= MAX_LOCAL_TYPES
+        return self.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      end
+
+      return self.stack_push_mapping([MapToLocal[local_idx], Type::Unknown])
+    end
+
+    # Pop N values off the stack
+    # Return a pointer to the stack top before the pop operation
+    def stack_pop(n = 1)
+      assert(n <= self.stack_size)
+
+      top = self.stack_opnd(0)
+
+      # Clear the types of the popped values
+      n.times do |i|
+        idx = self.stack_size - i - 1
+
+        if idx < MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+          self.temp_types[idx] = Type::Unknown
+          self.temp_mapping[idx] = MapToStack
+        end
+      end
+
+      self.stack_size -= n
+      self.sp_offset -= n
+
+      return top
+    end
+
+    def shift_stack(argc)
+      assert(argc < self.stack_size)
+
+      method_name_index = self.stack_size - argc - 1
+
+      (method_name_index...(self.stack_size - 1)).each do |i|
+        if i + 1 < MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+          self.temp_types[i] = self.temp_types[i + 1]
+          self.temp_mapping[i] = self.temp_mapping[i + 1]
+        end
+      end
+      self.stack_pop(1)
+    end
+
+    # Get the type of an instruction operand
+    def get_opnd_type(opnd)
+      case opnd
+      in SelfOpnd
+        self.self_type
+      in StackOpnd[idx]
+        assert(idx < self.stack_size)
+        stack_idx = self.stack_size - 1 - idx
+
+        # If outside of tracked range, do nothing
+        if stack_idx >= MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+          return Type::Unknown
+        end
+
+        mapping = self.temp_mapping[stack_idx]
+
+        case mapping
+        in MapToSelf
+          self.self_type
+        in MapToStack
+          self.temp_types[self.stack_size - 1 - idx]
+        in MapToLocal[idx]
+          assert(idx < MAX_LOCAL_TYPES)
+          self.local_types[idx]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Get the currently tracked type for a local variable
+    def get_local_type(idx)
+      self.local_types[idx] || Type::Unknown
+    end
+
+    # Upgrade (or "learn") the type of an instruction operand
+    # This value must be compatible and at least as specific as the previously known type.
+    # If this value originated from self, or an lvar, the learned type will be
+    # propagated back to its source.
+    def upgrade_opnd_type(opnd, opnd_type)
+      case opnd
+      in SelfOpnd
+        self.self_type = self.self_type.upgrade(opnd_type)
+      in StackOpnd[idx]
+        assert(idx < self.stack_size)
+        stack_idx = self.stack_size - 1 - idx
+
+        # If outside of tracked range, do nothing
+        if stack_idx >= MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+          return
+        end
+
+        mapping = self.temp_mapping[stack_idx]
+
+        case mapping
+        in MapToSelf
+          self.self_type = self.self_type.upgrade(opnd_type)
+        in MapToStack
+          self.temp_types[stack_idx] = self.temp_types[stack_idx].upgrade(opnd_type)
+        in MapToLocal[idx]
+          assert(idx < MAX_LOCAL_TYPES)
+          self.local_types[idx] = self.local_types[idx].upgrade(opnd_type)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Get both the type and mapping (where the value originates) of an operand.
+    # This is can be used with stack_push_mapping or set_opnd_mapping to copy
+    # a stack value's type while maintaining the mapping.
+    def get_opnd_mapping(opnd)
+      opnd_type = self.get_opnd_type(opnd)
+
+      case opnd
+      in SelfOpnd
+        return [MapToSelf, opnd_type]
+      in StackOpnd[idx]
+        assert(idx < self.stack_size)
+        stack_idx = self.stack_size - 1 - idx
+
+        if stack_idx < MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+          return [self.temp_mapping[stack_idx], opnd_type]
+        else
+          # We can't know the source of this stack operand, so we assume it is
+          # a stack-only temporary. type will be UNKNOWN
+          assert(opnd_type == Type::Unknown)
+          return [MapToStack, opnd_type]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Overwrite both the type and mapping of a stack operand.
+    def set_opnd_mapping(opnd, mapping_opnd_type)
+      case opnd
+      in SelfOpnd
+        raise 'self always maps to self'
+      in StackOpnd[idx]
+        assert(idx < self.stack_size)
+        stack_idx = self.stack_size - 1 - idx
+
+        # If outside of tracked range, do nothing
+        if stack_idx >= MAX_TEMP_TYPES
+          return
+        end
+
+        mapping, opnd_type = mapping_opnd_type
+        self.temp_mapping[stack_idx] = mapping
+
+        # Only used when mapping == MAP_STACK
+        self.temp_types[stack_idx] = opnd_type
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Set the type of a local variable
+    def set_local_type(local_idx, local_type)
+      if local_idx >= MAX_LOCAL_TYPES
+        return
+      end
+
+      # If any values on the stack map to this local we must detach them
+      MAX_TEMP_TYPES.times do |stack_idx|
+        case self.temp_mapping[stack_idx]
+        in MapToStack
+          # noop
+        in MapToSelf
+          # noop
+        in MapToLocal[idx]
+          if idx == local_idx
+            self.temp_types[stack_idx] = self.local_types[idx]
+            self.temp_mapping[stack_idx] = MapToStack
+          else
+            # noop
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      self.local_types[local_idx] = local_type
+    end
+
+    # Erase local variable type information
+    # eg: because of a call we can't track
+    def clear_local_types
+      # When clearing local types we must detach any stack mappings to those
+      # locals. Even if local values may have changed, stack values will not.
+      MAX_TEMP_TYPES.times do |stack_idx|
+        case self.temp_mapping[stack_idx]
+        in MapToStack
+          # noop
+        in MapToSelf
+          # noop
+        in MapToLocal[local_idx]
+          self.temp_types[stack_idx] = self.local_types[local_idx]
+          self.temp_mapping[stack_idx] = MapToStack
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Clear the local types
+      self.local_types = [Type::Unknown] * MAX_LOCAL_TYPES
+    end
+
+    # Compute a difference score for two context objects
+    def diff(dst)
+      # Self is the source context (at the end of the predecessor)
+      src = self
+
+      # Can only lookup the first version in the chain
+      if dst.chain_depth != 0
+        return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+      end
+
+      # Blocks with depth > 0 always produce new versions
+      # Sidechains cannot overlap
+      if src.chain_depth != 0
+        return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+      end
+
+      if dst.stack_size != src.stack_size
+        return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+      end
+
+      if dst.sp_offset != src.sp_offset
+        return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+      end
+
+      # Difference sum
+      diff = 0
+
+      # Check the type of self
+      diff += case src.self_type.diff(dst.self_type)
+      in TypeDiff::Compatible[diff] then diff
+      in TypeDiff::Incompatible then return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+      end
+
+      # For each local type we track
+      src.local_types.size.times do |i|
+        t_src = src.local_types[i]
+        t_dst = dst.local_types[i]
+        diff += case t_src.diff(t_dst)
+        in TypeDiff::Compatible[diff] then diff
+        in TypeDiff::Incompatible then return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+        end
+      end
+
+      # For each value on the temp stack
+      src.stack_size.times do |i|
+        src_mapping, src_type = src.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[i])
+        dst_mapping, dst_type = dst.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[i])
+
+        # If the two mappings aren't the same
+        if src_mapping != dst_mapping
+          if dst_mapping == MapToStack
+            # We can safely drop information about the source of the temp
+            # stack operand.
+            diff += 1
+          else
+            return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+          end
+        end
+
+        diff += case src_type.diff(dst_type)
+        in TypeDiff::Compatible[diff] then diff
+        in TypeDiff::Incompatible then return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+        end
+      end
+
+      return TypeDiff::Compatible[diff]
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def assert(cond)
+      unless cond
+        raise "'#{cond.inspect}' was not true"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/entry_stub.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/entry_stub.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bcef14053
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/entry_stub.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  class EntryStub < Struct.new(
+    :start_addr, # @param [Integer] Stub source start address to be re-generated
+    :end_addr,   # @param [Integer] Stub source end address to be re-generated
+  )
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/exit_compiler.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/exit_compiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ced2141a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/exit_compiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  class ExitCompiler
+    def initialize = freeze
+
+    # Used for invalidating a block on entry.
+    # @param pc [Integer]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def compile_entry_exit(pc, ctx, asm, cause:)
+      # Fix pc/sp offsets for the interpreter
+      save_pc_and_sp(pc, ctx, asm, reset_sp_offset: false)
+
+      # Increment per-insn exit counter
+      count_insn_exit(pc, asm)
+
+      # Restore callee-saved registers
+      asm.comment("#{cause}: entry exit")
+      asm.pop(SP)
+      asm.pop(EC)
+      asm.pop(CFP)
+
+      asm.mov(C_RET, Qundef)
+      asm.ret
+    end
+
+    # Set to cfp->jit_return by default for leave insn
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def compile_leave_exit(asm)
+      asm.comment('default cfp->jit_return')
+
+      # Restore callee-saved registers
+      asm.pop(SP)
+      asm.pop(EC)
+      asm.pop(CFP)
+
+      # :rax is written by #leave
+      asm.ret
+    end
+
+    # Fire cfunc events on invalidation by TracePoint
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def compile_full_cfunc_return(asm)
+      # This chunk of code expects REG_EC to be filled properly and
+      # RAX to contain the return value of the C method.
+
+      asm.comment('full cfunc return')
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rax)
+      asm.call(C.rjit_full_cfunc_return)
+
+      # TODO: count the exit
+
+      # Restore callee-saved registers
+      asm.pop(SP)
+      asm.pop(EC)
+      asm.pop(CFP)
+
+      asm.mov(C_RET, Qundef)
+      asm.ret
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def compile_side_exit(pc, ctx, asm)
+      # Fix pc/sp offsets for the interpreter
+      save_pc_and_sp(pc, ctx.dup, asm) # dup to avoid sp_offset update
+
+      # Increment per-insn exit counter
+      count_insn_exit(pc, asm)
+
+      # Restore callee-saved registers
+      asm.comment("exit to interpreter on #{pc_to_insn(pc).name}")
+      asm.pop(SP)
+      asm.pop(EC)
+      asm.pop(CFP)
+
+      asm.mov(C_RET, Qundef)
+      asm.ret
+    end
+
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    # @param entry_stub [RubyVM::RJIT::EntryStub]
+    def compile_entry_stub(asm, entry_stub)
+      # Call rb_rjit_entry_stub_hit
+      asm.comment('entry stub hit')
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], to_value(entry_stub))
+      asm.call(C.rb_rjit_entry_stub_hit)
+
+      # Jump to the address returned by rb_rjit_entry_stub_hit
+      asm.jmp(:rax)
+    end
+
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    # @param branch_stub [RubyVM::RJIT::BranchStub]
+    # @param target0_p [TrueClass,FalseClass]
+    def compile_branch_stub(ctx, asm, branch_stub, target0_p)
+      # Call rb_rjit_branch_stub_hit
+      iseq = branch_stub.iseq
+      if C.rjit_opts.dump_disasm && C.imemo_type_p(iseq, C.imemo_iseq) # Guard against ISEQ GC at random moments
+        asm.comment("branch stub hit: #{iseq.body.location.label}@#{C.rb_iseq_path(iseq)}:#{iseq_lineno(iseq, target0_p ? branch_stub.target0.pc : branch_stub.target1.pc)}")
+      end
+      asm.mov(:rdi, to_value(branch_stub))
+      asm.mov(:esi, ctx.sp_offset)
+      asm.mov(:edx, target0_p ? 1 : 0)
+      asm.call(C.rb_rjit_branch_stub_hit)
+
+      # Jump to the address returned by rb_rjit_branch_stub_hit
+      asm.jmp(:rax)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def pc_to_insn(pc)
+      Compiler.decode_insn(C.VALUE.new(pc).*)
+    end
+
+    # @param pc [Integer]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def count_insn_exit(pc, asm)
+      if C.rjit_opts.stats
+        insn = Compiler.decode_insn(C.VALUE.new(pc).*)
+        asm.comment("increment insn exit: #{insn.name}")
+        asm.mov(:rax, (C.rjit_insn_exits + insn.bin).to_i)
+        asm.add([:rax], 1) # TODO: lock
+      end
+      if C.rjit_opts.trace_exits
+        asm.comment('rjit_record_exit_stack')
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], pc)
+        asm.call(C.rjit_record_exit_stack)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def save_pc_and_sp(pc, ctx, asm, reset_sp_offset: true)
+      # Update pc (TODO: manage PC offset?)
+      asm.comment("save PC#{' and SP' if ctx.sp_offset != 0} to CFP")
+      asm.mov(:rax, pc) # rax = jit.pc
+      asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:pc)], :rax) # cfp->pc = rax
+
+      # Update sp
+      if ctx.sp_offset != 0
+        asm.add(SP, C.VALUE.size * ctx.sp_offset) # sp += stack_size
+        asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)], SP) # cfp->sp = sp
+        if reset_sp_offset
+          ctx.sp_offset = 0
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def to_value(obj)
+      GC_REFS << obj
+      C.to_value(obj)
+    end
+
+    def iseq_lineno(iseq, pc)
+      C.rb_iseq_line_no(iseq, (pc - iseq.body.iseq_encoded.to_i) / C.VALUE.size)
+    rescue RangeError # bignum too big to convert into `unsigned long long' (RangeError)
+      -1
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/hooks.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/hooks.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea9d7bf5a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/hooks.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  module Hooks # :nodoc: all
+    def self.on_bop_redefined(_redefined_flag, _bop)
+      # C.rjit_cancel_all("BOP is redefined")
+    end
+
+    def self.on_cme_invalidate(cme)
+      cme = C.rb_callable_method_entry_struct.new(cme)
+      Invariants.on_cme_invalidate(cme)
+    end
+
+    def self.on_ractor_spawn
+      # C.rjit_cancel_all("Ractor is spawned")
+    end
+
+    # Global constant changes like const_set
+    def self.on_constant_state_changed(id)
+      Invariants.on_constant_state_changed(id)
+    end
+
+    # ISEQ-specific constant invalidation
+    def self.on_constant_ic_update(iseq, ic, insn_idx)
+      iseq = C.rb_iseq_t.new(iseq)
+      ic = C.IC.new(ic)
+      Invariants.on_constant_ic_update(iseq, ic, insn_idx)
+    end
+
+    def self.on_tracing_invalidate_all(_new_iseq_events)
+      Invariants.on_tracing_invalidate_all
+    end
+
+    def self.on_update_references
+      Invariants.on_update_references
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/insn_compiler.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/insn_compiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3a3e31f24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/insn_compiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5972 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  class InsnCompiler
+    # struct rb_calling_info. Storing flags instead of ci.
+    CallingInfo = Struct.new(:argc, :flags, :kwarg, :ci_addr, :send_shift, :block_handler) do
+      def kw_splat = flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT != 0
+    end
+
+    # @param ocb [CodeBlock]
+    # @param exit_compiler [RubyVM::RJIT::ExitCompiler]
+    def initialize(cb, ocb, exit_compiler)
+      @ocb = ocb
+      @exit_compiler = exit_compiler
+
+      @cfunc_codegen_table = {}
+      register_cfunc_codegen_funcs
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    # @param insn `RubyVM::RJIT::Instruction`
+    def compile(jit, ctx, asm, insn)
+      asm.incr_counter(:rjit_insns_count)
+
+      stack = ctx.stack_size.times.map do |stack_idx|
+        ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[ctx.stack_size - stack_idx - 1]).type
+      end
+      locals = jit.iseq.body.local_table_size.times.map do |local_idx|
+        (ctx.local_types[local_idx] || Type::Unknown).type
+      end
+
+      insn_idx = format('%04d', (jit.pc.to_i - jit.iseq.body.iseq_encoded.to_i) / C.VALUE.size)
+      asm.comment("Insn: #{insn_idx} #{insn.name} (stack: [#{stack.join(', ')}], locals: [#{locals.join(', ')}])")
+
+      # 83/102
+      case insn.name
+      when :nop then nop(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getlocal then getlocal(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :setlocal then setlocal(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getblockparam then getblockparam(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # setblockparam
+      when :getblockparamproxy then getblockparamproxy(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getspecial then getspecial(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # setspecial
+      when :getinstancevariable then getinstancevariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :setinstancevariable then setinstancevariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getclassvariable then getclassvariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :setclassvariable then setclassvariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_getconstant_path then opt_getconstant_path(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getconstant then getconstant(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # setconstant
+      when :getglobal then getglobal(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # setglobal
+      when :putnil then putnil(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :putself then putself(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :putobject then putobject(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :putspecialobject then putspecialobject(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :putstring then putstring(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :concatstrings then concatstrings(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :anytostring then anytostring(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :toregexp then toregexp(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :intern then intern(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :newarray then newarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # newarraykwsplat
+      when :duparray then duparray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # duphash
+      when :expandarray then expandarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :concatarray then concatarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :splatarray then splatarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :newhash then newhash(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :newrange then newrange(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :pop then pop(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :dup then dup(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :dupn then dupn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :swap then swap(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # opt_reverse
+      when :topn then topn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :setn then setn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :adjuststack then adjuststack(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :defined then defined(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :definedivar then definedivar(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # checkmatch
+      when :checkkeyword then checkkeyword(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # checktype
+      # defineclass
+      # definemethod
+      # definesmethod
+      when :send then send(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_send_without_block then opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :objtostring then objtostring(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_str_freeze then opt_str_freeze(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_nil_p then opt_nil_p(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # opt_str_uminus
+      when :opt_newarray_send then opt_newarray_send(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :invokesuper then invokesuper(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :invokeblock then invokeblock(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :leave then leave(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :throw then throw(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :jump then jump(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :branchif then branchif(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :branchunless then branchunless(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :branchnil then branchnil(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # once
+      when :opt_case_dispatch then opt_case_dispatch(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_plus then opt_plus(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_minus then opt_minus(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_mult then opt_mult(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_div then opt_div(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_mod then opt_mod(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_eq then opt_eq(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_neq then opt_neq(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_lt then opt_lt(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_le then opt_le(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_gt then opt_gt(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_ge then opt_ge(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_ltlt then opt_ltlt(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_and then opt_and(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_or then opt_or(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_aref then opt_aref(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_aset then opt_aset(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # opt_aset_with
+      # opt_aref_with
+      when :opt_length then opt_length(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_size then opt_size(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_empty_p then opt_empty_p(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_succ then opt_succ(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_not then opt_not(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_regexpmatch2 then opt_regexpmatch2(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # invokebuiltin
+      when :opt_invokebuiltin_delegate then opt_invokebuiltin_delegate(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave then opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getlocal_WC_0 then getlocal_WC_0(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :getlocal_WC_1 then getlocal_WC_1(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :setlocal_WC_0 then setlocal_WC_0(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :setlocal_WC_1 then setlocal_WC_1(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :putobject_INT2FIX_0_ then putobject_INT2FIX_0_(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :putobject_INT2FIX_1_ then putobject_INT2FIX_1_(jit, ctx, asm)
+      else CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    #
+    # Insns
+    #
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def nop(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Do nothing
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getlocal(jit, ctx, asm)
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      level = jit.operand(1)
+      jit_getlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level:)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getlocal_WC_0(jit, ctx, asm)
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      jit_getlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level: 0)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getlocal_WC_1(jit, ctx, asm)
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      jit_getlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level: 1)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def setlocal(jit, ctx, asm)
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      level = jit.operand(1)
+      jit_setlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level:)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def setlocal_WC_0(jit, ctx, asm)
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      jit_setlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level: 0)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def setlocal_WC_1(jit, ctx, asm)
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      jit_setlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level: 1)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getblockparam(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # EP level
+      level = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we might allocate
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # A mirror of the interpreter code. Checking for the case
+      # where it's pushing rb_block_param_proxy.
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      # Load environment pointer EP from CFP
+      ep_reg = :rax
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg: ep_reg)
+
+      # Bail when VM_ENV_FLAGS(ep, VM_FRAME_FLAG_MODIFIED_BLOCK_PARAM) is non zero
+      # FIXME: This is testing bits in the same place that the WB check is testing.
+      # We should combine these at some point
+      asm.test([ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_FLAGS], C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_MODIFIED_BLOCK_PARAM)
+
+      # If the frame flag has been modified, then the actual proc value is
+      # already in the EP and we should just use the value.
+      frame_flag_modified = asm.new_label('frame_flag_modified')
+      asm.jnz(frame_flag_modified)
+
+      # This instruction writes the block handler to the EP.  If we need to
+      # fire a write barrier for the write, then exit (we'll let the
+      # interpreter handle it so it can fire the write barrier).
+      # flags & VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED
+      asm.test([ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_FLAGS], C::VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED)
+
+      # if (flags & VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED) != 0
+      asm.jnz(side_exit)
+
+      # Convert the block handler in to a proc
+      # call rb_vm_bh_to_procval(const rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE block_handler)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      # The block handler for the current frame
+      # note, VM_ASSERT(VM_ENV_LOCAL_P(ep))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL])
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_bh_to_procval)
+
+      # Load environment pointer EP from CFP (again)
+      ep_reg = :rcx
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg: ep_reg)
+
+      # Write the value at the environment pointer
+      idx = jit.operand(0)
+      offs = -(C.VALUE.size * idx)
+      asm.mov([ep_reg, offs], C_RET);
+
+      # Set the frame modified flag
+      asm.mov(:rax, [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_FLAGS]) # flag_check
+      asm.or(:rax, C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_MODIFIED_BLOCK_PARAM) # modified_flag
+      asm.mov([ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_FLAGS], :rax)
+
+      asm.write_label(frame_flag_modified)
+
+      # Push the proc on the stack
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      ep_reg = :rax
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg: ep_reg)
+      asm.mov(:rax, [ep_reg, offs])
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # setblockparam
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getblockparamproxy(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # To get block_handler
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      starting_context = ctx.dup # make a copy for use with jit_chain_guard
+
+      # A mirror of the interpreter code. Checking for the case
+      # where it's pushing rb_block_param_proxy.
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      # EP level
+      level = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # Peek at the block handler so we can check whether it's nil
+      comptime_handler = jit.peek_at_block_handler(level)
+
+      # When a block handler is present, it should always be a GC-guarded
+      # pointer (VM_BH_ISEQ_BLOCK_P)
+      if comptime_handler != 0 && comptime_handler & 0x3 != 0x1
+        asm.incr_counter(:getblockpp_not_gc_guarded)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Load environment pointer EP from CFP
+      ep_reg = :rax
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg: ep_reg)
+
+      # Bail when VM_ENV_FLAGS(ep, VM_FRAME_FLAG_MODIFIED_BLOCK_PARAM) is non zero
+      asm.test([ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_FLAGS], C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_MODIFIED_BLOCK_PARAM)
+      asm.jnz(counted_exit(side_exit, :getblockpp_block_param_modified))
+
+      # Load the block handler for the current frame
+      # note, VM_ASSERT(VM_ENV_LOCAL_P(ep))
+      block_handler = :rax
+      asm.mov(block_handler, [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL])
+
+      # Specialize compilation for the case where no block handler is present
+      if comptime_handler == 0
+        # Bail if there is a block handler
+        asm.cmp(block_handler, 0)
+
+        jit_chain_guard(:jnz, jit, starting_context, asm, counted_exit(side_exit, :getblockpp_block_handler_none))
+
+        putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: Qnil)
+      else
+        # Block handler is a tagged pointer. Look at the tag. 0x03 is from VM_BH_ISEQ_BLOCK_P().
+        asm.and(block_handler, 0x3)
+
+        # Bail unless VM_BH_ISEQ_BLOCK_P(bh). This also checks for null.
+        asm.cmp(block_handler, 0x1)
+
+        jit_chain_guard(:jnz, jit, starting_context, asm, counted_exit(side_exit, :getblockpp_not_iseq_block))
+
+        # Push rb_block_param_proxy. It's a root, so no need to use jit_mov_gc_ptr.
+        top = ctx.stack_push(Type::BlockParamProxy)
+        asm.mov(:rax, C.rb_block_param_proxy)
+        asm.mov(top, :rax)
+      end
+
+      jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getspecial(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # This takes two arguments, key and type
+      # key is only used when type == 0
+      # A non-zero type determines which type of backref to fetch
+      #rb_num_t key = jit.jit_get_arg(0);
+      rtype = jit.operand(1)
+
+      if rtype == 0
+        # not yet implemented
+        return CantCompile;
+      elsif rtype & 0x01 != 0
+        # Fetch a "special" backref based on a char encoded by shifting by 1
+
+        # Can raise if matchdata uninitialized
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # call rb_backref_get()
+        asm.comment('rb_backref_get')
+        asm.call(C.rb_backref_get)
+
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], C_RET) # backref
+        case [rtype >> 1].pack('c')
+        in ?&
+          asm.comment("rb_reg_last_match")
+          asm.call(C.rb_reg_last_match)
+        in ?`
+          asm.comment("rb_reg_match_pre")
+          asm.call(C.rb_reg_match_pre)
+        in ?'
+          asm.comment("rb_reg_match_post")
+          asm.call(C.rb_reg_match_post)
+        in ?+
+          asm.comment("rb_reg_match_last")
+          asm.call(C.rb_reg_match_last)
+        end
+
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        # Fetch the N-th match from the last backref based on type shifted by 1
+
+        # Can raise if matchdata uninitialized
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # call rb_backref_get()
+        asm.comment('rb_backref_get')
+        asm.call(C.rb_backref_get)
+
+        # rb_reg_nth_match((int)(type >> 1), backref);
+        asm.comment('rb_reg_nth_match')
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], rtype >> 1)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], C_RET) # backref
+        asm.call(C.rb_reg_nth_match)
+
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      end
+    end
+
+    # setspecial
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getinstancevariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Specialize on a compile-time receiver, and split a block for chain guards
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      id = jit.operand(0)
+      comptime_obj = jit.peek_at_self
+
+      jit_getivar(jit, ctx, asm, comptime_obj, id, nil, SelfOpnd)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def setinstancevariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      starting_context = ctx.dup # make a copy for use with jit_chain_guard
+
+      # Defer compilation so we can specialize on a runtime `self`
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      ivar_name = jit.operand(0)
+      comptime_receiver = jit.peek_at_self
+
+      # If the comptime receiver is frozen, writing an IV will raise an exception
+      # and we don't want to JIT code to deal with that situation.
+      if C.rb_obj_frozen_p(comptime_receiver)
+        asm.incr_counter(:setivar_frozen)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Check if the comptime receiver is a T_OBJECT
+      receiver_t_object = C::BUILTIN_TYPE(comptime_receiver) == C::T_OBJECT
+
+      # If the receiver isn't a T_OBJECT, or uses a custom allocator,
+      # then just write out the IV write as a function call.
+      # too-complex shapes can't use index access, so we use rb_ivar_get for them too.
+      if !receiver_t_object || shape_too_complex?(comptime_receiver) || ctx.chain_depth >= 10
+        asm.comment('call rb_vm_setinstancevariable')
+
+        ic = jit.operand(1)
+
+        # The function could raise exceptions.
+        # Note that this modifies REG_SP, which is why we do it first
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # Get the operands from the stack
+        val_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+        # Call rb_vm_setinstancevariable(iseq, obj, id, val, ic);
+        asm.mov(:rdi, jit.iseq.to_i)
+        asm.mov(:rsi, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+        asm.mov(:rdx, ivar_name)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, val_opnd)
+        asm.mov(:r8, ic)
+        asm.call(C.rb_vm_setinstancevariable)
+      else
+        # Get the iv index
+        shape_id = C.rb_shape_get_shape_id(comptime_receiver)
+        ivar_index = C.rb_shape_get_iv_index(shape_id, ivar_name)
+
+        # Get the receiver
+        asm.mov(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+
+        # Generate a side exit
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+        # Upgrade type
+        guard_object_is_heap(jit, ctx, asm, :rax, SelfOpnd, :setivar_not_heap)
+
+        asm.comment('guard shape')
+        asm.cmp(DwordPtr[:rax, C.rb_shape_id_offset], shape_id)
+        megamorphic_side_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :setivar_megamorphic)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, starting_context, asm, megamorphic_side_exit)
+
+        # If we don't have an instance variable index, then we need to
+        # transition out of the current shape.
+        if ivar_index.nil?
+          shape = C.rb_shape_get_shape_by_id(shape_id)
+
+          current_capacity = shape.capacity
+          dest_shape = C.rb_shape_get_next(shape, comptime_receiver, ivar_name)
+          new_shape_id = C.rb_shape_id(dest_shape)
+
+          if new_shape_id == C::OBJ_TOO_COMPLEX_SHAPE_ID
+            asm.incr_counter(:setivar_too_complex)
+            return CantCompile
+          end
+
+          ivar_index = shape.next_iv_index
+
+          # If the new shape has a different capacity, we need to
+          # reallocate the object.
+          needs_extension = dest_shape.capacity != shape.capacity
+
+          if needs_extension
+            # Generate the C call so that runtime code will increase
+            # the capacity and set the buffer.
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], :rax)
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], current_capacity)
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], dest_shape.capacity)
+            asm.call(C.rb_ensure_iv_list_size)
+
+            # Load the receiver again after the function call
+            asm.mov(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+          end
+
+          write_val = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+          jit_write_iv(asm, comptime_receiver, :rax, :rcx, ivar_index, write_val, needs_extension)
+
+          # Store the new shape
+          asm.comment('write shape')
+          asm.mov(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)]) # reload after jit_write_iv
+          asm.mov(DwordPtr[:rax, C.rb_shape_id_offset], new_shape_id)
+        else
+          # If the iv index already exists, then we don't need to
+          # transition to a new shape.  The reason is because we find
+          # the iv index by searching up the shape tree.  If we've
+          # made the transition already, then there's no reason to
+          # update the shape on the object.  Just set the IV.
+          write_val = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+          jit_write_iv(asm, comptime_receiver, :rax, :rcx, ivar_index, write_val, false)
+        end
+
+        skip_wb = asm.new_label('skip_wb')
+        # If the value we're writing is an immediate, we don't need to WB
+        asm.test(write_val, C::RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK)
+        asm.jnz(skip_wb)
+
+        # If the value we're writing is nil or false, we don't need to WB
+        asm.cmp(write_val, Qnil)
+        asm.jbe(skip_wb)
+
+        asm.comment('write barrier')
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)]) # reload after jit_write_iv
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], write_val)
+        asm.call(C.rb_gc_writebarrier)
+
+        asm.write_label(skip_wb)
+      end
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getclassvariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # rb_vm_getclassvariable can raise exceptions.
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:iseq)])
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], CFP)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], jit.operand(0))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[3], jit.operand(1))
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_getclassvariable)
+
+      top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(top, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def setclassvariable(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # rb_vm_setclassvariable can raise exceptions.
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:iseq)])
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], CFP)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], jit.operand(0))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[3], ctx.stack_pop(1))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[4], jit.operand(1))
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_setclassvariable)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_getconstant_path(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Cut the block for invalidation
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      ic = C.iseq_inline_constant_cache.new(jit.operand(0))
+      idlist = ic.segments
+
+      # Make sure there is an exit for this block as the interpreter might want
+      # to invalidate this block from rb_rjit_constant_ic_update().
+      # For now, we always take an entry exit even if it was a side exit.
+      Invariants.ensure_block_entry_exit(jit, cause: 'opt_getconstant_path')
+
+      # See vm_ic_hit_p(). The same conditions are checked in yjit_constant_ic_update().
+      ice = ic.entry
+      if ice.nil?
+        # In this case, leave a block that unconditionally side exits
+        # for the interpreter to invalidate.
+        asm.incr_counter(:optgetconst_not_cached)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if ice.ic_cref # with cref
+        # Cache is keyed on a certain lexical scope. Use the interpreter's cache.
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+        # Call function to verify the cache. It doesn't allocate or call methods.
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], ic.to_i)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:ep)])
+        asm.call(C.rb_vm_ic_hit_p)
+
+        # Check the result. SysV only specifies one byte for _Bool return values,
+        # so it's important we only check one bit to ignore the higher bits in the register.
+        asm.test(C_RET, 1)
+        asm.jz(counted_exit(side_exit, :optgetconst_cache_miss))
+
+        asm.mov(:rax, ic.to_i) # inline_cache
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.iseq_inline_constant_cache.offsetof(:entry)]) # ic_entry
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.iseq_inline_constant_cache_entry.offsetof(:value)]) # ic_entry_val
+
+        # Push ic->entry->value
+        stack_top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_top, :rax)
+      else # without cref
+        # TODO: implement this
+        # Optimize for single ractor mode.
+        # if !assume_single_ractor_mode(jit, ocb)
+        #   return CantCompile
+        # end
+
+        # Invalidate output code on any constant writes associated with
+        # constants referenced within the current block.
+        Invariants.assume_stable_constant_names(jit, idlist)
+
+        putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: ice.value)
+      end
+
+      jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getconstant(jit, ctx, asm)
+      id = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # vm_get_ev_const can raise exceptions.
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      allow_nil_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      klass_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], klass_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], id)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[3], allow_nil_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_get_ev_const)
+
+      top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(top, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # setconstant
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def getglobal(jit, ctx, asm)
+      gid = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we might make a Ruby call for warning
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], gid)
+      asm.call(C.rb_gvar_get)
+
+      top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(top, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # setglobal
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putnil(jit, ctx, asm)
+      putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: Qnil)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putself(jit, ctx, asm)
+      stack_top = ctx.stack_push_self
+      asm.mov(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+      asm.mov(stack_top, :rax)
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: jit.operand(0))
+      # Push it to the stack
+      val_type = Type.from(C.to_ruby(val))
+      stack_top = ctx.stack_push(val_type)
+      if asm.imm32?(val)
+        asm.mov(stack_top, val)
+      else # 64-bit immediates can't be directly written to memory
+        asm.mov(:rax, val)
+        asm.mov(stack_top, :rax)
+      end
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putspecialobject(jit, ctx, asm)
+      object_type = jit.operand(0)
+      if object_type == C::VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_VMCORE
+        stack_top = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownHeap)
+        asm.mov(:rax, C.rb_mRubyVMFrozenCore)
+        asm.mov(stack_top, :rax)
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        # TODO: implement for VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_CBASE and
+        # VM_SPECIAL_OBJECT_CONST_BASE
+        CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putstring(jit, ctx, asm)
+      put_val = jit.operand(0, ruby: true)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because the callee will allocate
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], to_value(put_val))
+      asm.call(C.rb_ec_str_resurrect)
+
+      stack_top = ctx.stack_push(Type::TString)
+      asm.mov(stack_top, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def concatstrings(jit, ctx, asm)
+      n = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we are allocating
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(-C.VALUE.size * n))
+
+      # call rb_str_concat_literals(size_t n, const VALUE *strings);
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], n)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rax)
+      asm.call(C.rb_str_concat_literals)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(n)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TString)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def anytostring(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Save the PC and SP since we might call #to_s
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      str = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      val = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], str)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], val)
+      asm.call(C.rb_obj_as_string_result)
+
+      # Push the return value
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TString)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def toregexp(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt = jit.operand(0, signed: true)
+      cnt = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because this allocates an object and could
+      # raise an exception.
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(-C.VALUE.size * cnt)) # values_ptr
+      ctx.stack_pop(cnt)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], 0)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], cnt)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], :rax) # values_ptr
+      asm.call(C.rb_ary_tmp_new_from_values)
+
+      # Save the array so we can clear it later
+      asm.push(C_RET)
+      asm.push(C_RET) # Alignment
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], C_RET)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], opt)
+      asm.call(C.rb_reg_new_ary)
+
+      # The actual regex is in RAX now.  Pop the temp array from
+      # rb_ary_tmp_new_from_values into C arg regs so we can clear it
+      asm.pop(:rcx) # Alignment
+      asm.pop(:rcx) # ary
+
+      # The value we want to push on the stack is in RAX right now
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownHeap)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      # Clear the temp array.
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], :rcx) # ary
+      asm.call(C.rb_ary_clear)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def intern(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Save the PC and SP because we might allocate
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm);
+
+      str = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], str)
+      asm.call(C.rb_str_intern)
+
+      # Push the return value
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def newarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      n = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we are allocating
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # If n is 0, then elts is never going to be read, so we can just pass null
+      if n == 0
+        values_ptr = 0
+      else
+        asm.comment('load pointer to array elts')
+        offset_magnitude = C.VALUE.size * n
+        values_opnd = ctx.sp_opnd(-(offset_magnitude))
+        asm.lea(:rax, values_opnd)
+        values_ptr = :rax
+      end
+
+      # call rb_ec_ary_new_from_values(struct rb_execution_context_struct *ec, long n, const VALUE *elts);
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], n)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], values_ptr)
+      asm.call(C.rb_ec_ary_new_from_values)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(n)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # newarraykwsplat
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def duparray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      ary = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we are allocating
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # call rb_ary_resurrect(VALUE ary);
+      asm.comment('call rb_ary_resurrect')
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], ary)
+      asm.call(C.rb_ary_resurrect)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # duphash
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def expandarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Both arguments are rb_num_t which is unsigned
+      num = jit.operand(0)
+      flag = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # If this instruction has the splat flag, then bail out.
+      if flag & 0x01 != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:expandarray_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # If this instruction has the postarg flag, then bail out.
+      if flag & 0x02 != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:expandarray_postarg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      array_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+      array_stack_opnd = StackOpnd[0]
+
+      # num is the number of requested values. If there aren't enough in the
+      # array then we're going to push on nils.
+      if ctx.get_opnd_type(array_stack_opnd) == Type::Nil
+        ctx.stack_pop(1) # pop after using the type info
+        # special case for a, b = nil pattern
+        # push N nils onto the stack
+        num.times do
+          push_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Nil)
+          asm.mov(push_opnd, Qnil)
+        end
+        return KeepCompiling
+      end
+
+      # Move the array from the stack and check that it's an array.
+      asm.mov(:rax, array_opnd)
+      guard_object_is_array(jit, ctx, asm, :rax, :rcx, array_stack_opnd, :expandarray_not_array)
+      ctx.stack_pop(1) # pop after using the type info
+
+      # If we don't actually want any values, then just return.
+      if num == 0
+        return KeepCompiling
+      end
+
+      jit_array_len(asm, :rax, :rcx)
+
+      # Only handle the case where the number of values in the array is greater
+      # than or equal to the number of values requested.
+      asm.cmp(:rcx, num)
+      asm.jl(counted_exit(side_exit, :expandarray_rhs_too_small))
+
+      # Conditionally load the address of the heap array into REG1.
+      # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.heap.ptr
+      #asm.mov(:rax, array_opnd)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, [:rax, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+      asm.test(:rcx, C::RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG);
+      asm.mov(:rcx, [:rax, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ptr)])
+
+      # Load the address of the embedded array into REG1.
+      # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.ary
+      asm.lea(:rax, [:rax, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :ary)])
+
+      asm.cmovnz(:rcx, :rax)
+
+      # Loop backward through the array and push each element onto the stack.
+      (num - 1).downto(0).each do |i|
+        top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rcx, i * C.VALUE.size])
+        asm.mov(top, :rax)
+      end
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def concatarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Save the PC and SP because the callee may allocate
+      # Note that this modifies REG_SP, which is why we do it first
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Get the operands from the stack
+      ary2st_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      ary1_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # Call rb_vm_concat_array(ary1, ary2st)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], ary1_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], ary2st_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_concat_array)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def splatarray(jit, ctx, asm)
+      flag = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because the callee may allocate
+      # Note that this modifies REG_SP, which is why we do it first
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Get the operands from the stack
+      ary_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # Call rb_vm_splat_array(flag, ary)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], flag)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], ary_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_splat_array)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def newhash(jit, ctx, asm)
+      num = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we are allocating
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      if num != 0
+        # val = rb_hash_new_with_size(num / 2);
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], num / 2)
+        asm.call(C.rb_hash_new_with_size)
+
+        # Save the allocated hash as we want to push it after insertion
+        asm.push(C_RET)
+        asm.push(C_RET) # x86 alignment
+
+        # Get a pointer to the values to insert into the hash
+        asm.lea(:rcx, ctx.stack_opnd(num - 1))
+
+        # rb_hash_bulk_insert(num, STACK_ADDR_FROM_TOP(num), val);
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], num)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rcx)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], C_RET)
+        asm.call(C.rb_hash_bulk_insert)
+
+        asm.pop(:rax)
+        asm.pop(:rax)
+
+        ctx.stack_pop(num)
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Hash)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+      else
+        # val = rb_hash_new();
+        asm.call(C.rb_hash_new)
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Hash)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+      end
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def newrange(jit, ctx, asm)
+      flag = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # rb_range_new() allocates and can raise
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # val = rb_range_new(low, high, (int)flag);
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], ctx.stack_opnd(1))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], ctx.stack_opnd(0))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], flag)
+      asm.call(C.rb_range_new)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(2)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownHeap)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def pop(jit, ctx, asm)
+      ctx.stack_pop
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def dup(jit, ctx, asm)
+      dup_val = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+      mapping, tmp_type = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[0])
+
+      loc0 = ctx.stack_push_mapping([mapping, tmp_type])
+      asm.mov(:rax, dup_val)
+      asm.mov(loc0, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def dupn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      n = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # In practice, seems to be only used for n==2
+      if n != 2
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      opnd1 = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+      opnd0 = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+
+      mapping1 = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[1])
+      mapping0 = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[0])
+
+      dst1 = ctx.stack_push_mapping(mapping1)
+      asm.mov(:rax, opnd1)
+      asm.mov(dst1, :rax)
+
+      dst0 = ctx.stack_push_mapping(mapping0)
+      asm.mov(:rax, opnd0)
+      asm.mov(dst0, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def swap(jit, ctx, asm)
+      stack_swap(jit, ctx, asm, 0, 1)
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # opt_reverse
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def topn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      n = jit.operand(0)
+
+      top_n_val = ctx.stack_opnd(n)
+      mapping = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[n])
+      loc0 = ctx.stack_push_mapping(mapping)
+      asm.mov(:rax, top_n_val)
+      asm.mov(loc0, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def setn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      n = jit.operand(0)
+
+      top_val = ctx.stack_pop(0)
+      dst_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(n)
+      asm.mov(:rax, top_val)
+      asm.mov(dst_opnd, :rax)
+
+      mapping = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[0])
+      ctx.set_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[n], mapping)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def adjuststack(jit, ctx, asm)
+      n = jit.operand(0)
+      ctx.stack_pop(n)
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def defined(jit, ctx, asm)
+      op_type = jit.operand(0)
+      obj = jit.operand(1, ruby: true)
+      pushval = jit.operand(2, ruby: true)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because the callee may allocate
+      # Note that this modifies REG_SP, which is why we do it first
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Get the operands from the stack
+      v_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # Call vm_defined(ec, reg_cfp, op_type, obj, v)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], CFP)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], op_type)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[3], to_value(obj))
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[4], v_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_defined)
+
+      asm.test(C_RET, 255)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qnil)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, to_value(pushval))
+      asm.cmovnz(:rax, :rcx)
+
+      # Push the return value onto the stack
+      out_type = if C::SPECIAL_CONST_P(pushval)
+        Type::UnknownImm
+      else
+        Type::Unknown
+      end
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(out_type)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def definedivar(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Defer compilation so we can specialize base on a runtime receiver
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      ivar_name = jit.operand(0)
+      # Value that will be pushed on the stack if the ivar is defined. In practice this is always the
+      # string "instance-variable". If the ivar is not defined, nil will be pushed instead.
+      pushval = jit.operand(2, ruby: true)
+
+      # Get the receiver
+      recv = :rcx
+      asm.mov(recv, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+
+      # Specialize base on compile time values
+      comptime_receiver = jit.peek_at_self
+
+      if shape_too_complex?(comptime_receiver)
+        # Fall back to calling rb_ivar_defined
+
+        # Save the PC and SP because the callee may allocate
+        # Note that this modifies REG_SP, which is why we do it first
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm) # clobbers :rax
+
+        # Call rb_ivar_defined(recv, ivar_name)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], ivar_name)
+        asm.call(C.rb_ivar_defined)
+
+        # if (rb_ivar_defined(recv, ivar_name)) {
+        #  val = pushval;
+        # }
+        asm.test(C_RET, 255)
+        asm.mov(:rax, Qnil)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, to_value(pushval))
+        asm.cmovnz(:rax, :rcx)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        out_type = C::SPECIAL_CONST_P(pushval) ? Type::UnknownImm : Type::Unknown
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(out_type)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+
+        return KeepCompiling
+      end
+
+      shape_id = C.rb_shape_get_shape_id(comptime_receiver)
+      ivar_exists = C.rb_shape_get_iv_index(shape_id, ivar_name)
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      # Guard heap object (recv_opnd must be used before stack_pop)
+      guard_object_is_heap(jit, ctx, asm, recv, SelfOpnd)
+
+      shape_opnd = DwordPtr[recv, C.rb_shape_id_offset]
+
+      asm.comment('guard shape')
+      asm.cmp(shape_opnd, shape_id)
+      jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit)
+
+      result = ivar_exists ? C.to_value(pushval) : Qnil
+      putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: result)
+
+      # Jump to next instruction. This allows guard chains to share the same successor.
+      jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      return EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # checkmatch
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def checkkeyword(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # When a keyword is unspecified past index 32, a hash will be used
+      # instead. This can only happen in iseqs taking more than 32 keywords.
+      if jit.iseq.body.param.keyword.num >= 32
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # The EP offset to the undefined bits local
+      bits_offset = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # The index of the keyword we want to check
+      index = jit.operand(1, signed: true)
+
+      # Load environment pointer EP
+      ep_reg = :rax
+      jit_get_ep(asm, 0, reg: ep_reg)
+
+      # VALUE kw_bits = *(ep - bits)
+      bits_opnd = [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * -bits_offset]
+
+      # unsigned int b = (unsigned int)FIX2ULONG(kw_bits);
+      # if ((b & (0x01 << idx))) {
+      #
+      # We can skip the FIX2ULONG conversion by shifting the bit we test
+      bit_test = 0x01 << (index + 1)
+      asm.test(bits_opnd, bit_test)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+      asm.cmovz(:rax, :rcx)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # checktype
+    # defineclass
+    # definemethod
+    # definesmethod
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def send(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Specialize on a compile-time receiver, and split a block for chain guards
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      cd = C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(0))
+      blockiseq = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # calling->ci
+      mid = C.vm_ci_mid(cd.ci)
+      calling = build_calling(ci: cd.ci, block_handler: blockiseq)
+
+      # vm_sendish
+      cme, comptime_recv_klass = jit_search_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling)
+      if cme == CantCompile
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      jit_call_general(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling, cme, comptime_recv_klass)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm, cd: C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(0)))
+      # Specialize on a compile-time receiver, and split a block for chain guards
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      # calling->ci
+      mid = C.vm_ci_mid(cd.ci)
+      calling = build_calling(ci: cd.ci, block_handler: C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE)
+
+      # vm_sendish
+      cme, comptime_recv_klass = jit_search_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling)
+      if cme == CantCompile
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      jit_call_general(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling, cme, comptime_recv_klass)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def objtostring(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      recv = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      if C.RB_TYPE_P(comptime_recv, C::RUBY_T_STRING)
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv), recv, StackOpnd[0], comptime_recv, side_exit)
+        # No work needed. The string value is already on the top of the stack.
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        cd = C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(0))
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm, cd:)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_str_freeze(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::STRING_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_FREEZE)
+        return CantCompile;
+      end
+
+      str = jit.operand(0, ruby: true)
+
+      # Push the return value onto the stack
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::CString)
+      asm.mov(:rax, to_value(str))
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_nil_p(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # opt_str_uminus
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_newarray_send(jit, ctx, asm)
+      type = C.ID2SYM jit.operand(1)
+
+      case type
+      when :min then opt_newarray_min(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :max then opt_newarray_max(jit, ctx, asm)
+      when :hash then opt_newarray_hash(jit, ctx, asm)
+      else
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_newarray_min(jit, ctx, asm)
+      num = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we may allocate
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      offset_magnitude = C.VALUE.size * num
+      values_opnd = ctx.sp_opnd(-offset_magnitude)
+      asm.lea(:rax, values_opnd)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], num)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], :rax)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_opt_newarray_min)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(num)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_newarray_max(jit, ctx, asm)
+      num = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we may allocate
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      offset_magnitude = C.VALUE.size * num
+      values_opnd = ctx.sp_opnd(-offset_magnitude)
+      asm.lea(:rax, values_opnd)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], num)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], :rax)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_opt_newarray_max)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(num)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_newarray_hash(jit, ctx, asm)
+      num = jit.operand(0)
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because we may allocate
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      offset_magnitude = C.VALUE.size * num
+      values_opnd = ctx.sp_opnd(-offset_magnitude)
+      asm.lea(:rax, values_opnd)
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], num)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], :rax)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_opt_newarray_hash)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(num)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def invokesuper(jit, ctx, asm)
+      cd = C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(0))
+      block = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # Defer compilation so we can specialize on class of receiver
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      me = C.rb_vm_frame_method_entry(jit.cfp)
+      if me.nil?
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # FIXME: We should track and invalidate this block when this cme is invalidated
+      current_defined_class = me.defined_class
+      mid = me.def.original_id
+
+      if me.to_i != C.rb_callable_method_entry(current_defined_class, me.called_id).to_i
+        # Though we likely could generate this call, as we are only concerned
+        # with the method entry remaining valid, assume_method_lookup_stable
+        # below requires that the method lookup matches as well
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # vm_search_normal_superclass
+      rbasic_klass = C.to_ruby(C.RBasic.new(C.to_value(current_defined_class)).klass)
+      if C::BUILTIN_TYPE(current_defined_class) == C::RUBY_T_ICLASS && C::BUILTIN_TYPE(rbasic_klass) == C::RUBY_T_MODULE && \
+          C::FL_TEST_RAW(rbasic_klass, C::RMODULE_IS_REFINEMENT)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      comptime_superclass = C.rb_class_get_superclass(C.RCLASS_ORIGIN(current_defined_class))
+
+      ci = cd.ci
+      argc = C.vm_ci_argc(ci)
+
+      ci_flags = C.vm_ci_flag(ci)
+
+      # Don't JIT calls that aren't simple
+      # Note, not using VM_CALL_ARGS_SIMPLE because sometimes we pass a block.
+
+      if ci_flags & C::VM_CALL_KWARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_keywords)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      if ci_flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_kw_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      if ci_flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_block_arg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Ensure we haven't rebound this method onto an incompatible class.
+      # In the interpreter we try to avoid making this check by performing some
+      # cheaper calculations first, but since we specialize on the method entry
+      # and so only have to do this once at compile time this is fine to always
+      # check and side exit.
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(argc)
+      unless C.obj_is_kind_of(comptime_recv, current_defined_class)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Do method lookup
+      cme = C.rb_callable_method_entry(comptime_superclass, mid)
+
+      if cme.nil?
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Check that we'll be able to write this method dispatch before generating checks
+      cme_def_type = cme.def.type
+      if cme_def_type != C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_ISEQ && cme_def_type != C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC
+        # others unimplemented
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      asm.comment('guard known me')
+      lep_opnd = :rax
+      jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg: lep_opnd)
+      ep_me_opnd = [lep_opnd, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_ME_CREF]
+
+      asm.mov(:rcx, me.to_i)
+      asm.cmp(ep_me_opnd, :rcx)
+      asm.jne(counted_exit(side_exit(jit, ctx), :invokesuper_me_changed))
+
+      if block == C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE
+        # Guard no block passed
+        # rb_vm_frame_block_handler(GET_EC()->cfp) == VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE
+        # note, we assume VM_ASSERT(VM_ENV_LOCAL_P(ep))
+        #
+        # TODO: this could properly forward the current block handler, but
+        # would require changes to gen_send_*
+        asm.comment('guard no block given')
+        ep_specval_opnd = [lep_opnd, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]
+        asm.cmp(ep_specval_opnd, C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE)
+        asm.jne(counted_exit(side_exit(jit, ctx), :invokesuper_block))
+      end
+
+      # We need to assume that both our current method entry and the super
+      # method entry we invoke remain stable
+      Invariants.assume_method_lookup_stable(jit, me)
+      Invariants.assume_method_lookup_stable(jit, cme)
+
+      # Method calls may corrupt types
+      ctx.clear_local_types
+
+      calling = build_calling(ci:, block_handler: block)
+      case cme_def_type
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_ISEQ
+        iseq = def_iseq_ptr(cme.def)
+        frame_type = C::VM_FRAME_MAGIC_METHOD | C::VM_ENV_FLAG_LOCAL
+        jit_call_iseq(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, iseq, frame_type:)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC
+        jit_call_cfunc(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def invokeblock(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      # Get call info
+      cd = C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(0))
+      calling = build_calling(ci: cd.ci, block_handler: :captured)
+
+      # Get block_handler
+      cfp = jit.cfp
+      lep = C.rb_vm_ep_local_ep(cfp.ep)
+      comptime_handler = lep[C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]
+
+      # Handle each block_handler type
+      if comptime_handler == C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE # no block given
+        asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_none)
+        CantCompile
+      elsif comptime_handler & 0x3 == 0x1 # VM_BH_ISEQ_BLOCK_P
+        asm.comment('get local EP')
+        ep_reg = :rax
+        jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg: ep_reg)
+        asm.mov(:rax, [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]) # block_handler_opnd
+
+        asm.comment('guard block_handler type')
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, :rax)
+        asm.and(:rcx, 0x3) # block_handler is a tagged pointer
+        asm.cmp(:rcx, 0x1) # VM_BH_ISEQ_BLOCK_P
+        tag_changed_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :invokeblock_tag_changed)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, tag_changed_exit)
+
+        comptime_captured = C.rb_captured_block.new(comptime_handler & ~0x3)
+        comptime_iseq = comptime_captured.code.iseq
+
+        asm.comment('guard known ISEQ')
+        asm.and(:rax, ~0x3) # captured
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.VALUE.size * 2]) # captured->iseq
+        asm.mov(:rcx, comptime_iseq.to_i)
+        asm.cmp(:rax, :rcx)
+        block_changed_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :invokeblock_iseq_block_changed)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, block_changed_exit)
+
+        jit_call_iseq(jit, ctx, asm, nil, calling, comptime_iseq, frame_type: C::VM_FRAME_MAGIC_BLOCK)
+      elsif comptime_handler & 0x3 == 0x3 # VM_BH_IFUNC_P
+        # We aren't handling CALLER_SETUP_ARG and CALLER_REMOVE_EMPTY_KW_SPLAT yet.
+        if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+          asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_ifunc_args_splat)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+        if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT != 0
+          asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_ifunc_kw_splat)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        asm.comment('get local EP')
+        jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg: :rax)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, [:rax, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]) # block_handler_opnd
+
+        asm.comment('guard block_handler type');
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+        asm.mov(:rax, :rcx) # block_handler_opnd
+        asm.and(:rax, 0x3) # tag_opnd: block_handler is a tagged pointer
+        asm.cmp(:rax, 0x3) # VM_BH_IFUNC_P
+        tag_changed_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :invokeblock_tag_changed)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, tag_changed_exit)
+
+        # The cfunc may not be leaf
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm) # clobbers :rax
+
+        asm.comment('call ifunc')
+        asm.and(:rcx, ~0x3) # captured_opnd
+        asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(-calling.argc * C.VALUE.size)) # argv
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rcx) # captured_opnd
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], calling.argc)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[3], :rax) # argv
+        asm.call(C.rb_vm_yield_with_cfunc)
+
+        ctx.stack_pop(calling.argc)
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        # cfunc calls may corrupt types
+        ctx.clear_local_types
+
+        # Share the successor with other chains
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      elsif symbol?(comptime_handler)
+        asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_symbol)
+        CantCompile
+      else # Proc
+        asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_proc)
+        CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def leave(jit, ctx, asm)
+      assert_equal(ctx.stack_size, 1)
+
+      jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.comment('pop stack frame')
+      asm.lea(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.size])
+      asm.mov(CFP, :rax)
+      asm.mov([EC, C.rb_execution_context_t.offsetof(:cfp)], :rax)
+
+      # Return a value (for compile_leave_exit)
+      ret_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      asm.mov(:rax, ret_opnd)
+
+      # Set caller's SP and push a value to its stack (for JIT)
+      asm.mov(SP, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)]) # Note: SP is in the position after popping a receiver and arguments
+      asm.mov([SP], :rax)
+
+      # Jump to cfp->jit_return
+      asm.jmp([CFP, -C.rb_control_frame_t.size + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:jit_return)])
+
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def throw(jit, ctx, asm)
+      throw_state = jit.operand(0)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, ctx.stack_pop(1)) # throwobj
+
+      # THROW_DATA_NEW allocates. Save SP for GC and PC for allocation tracing as
+      # well as handling the catch table. However, not using jit_prepare_routine_call
+      # since we don't need a patch point for this implementation.
+      jit_save_pc(jit, asm) # clobbers rax
+      jit_save_sp(ctx, asm)
+
+      # rb_vm_throw verifies it's a valid throw, sets ec->tag->state, and returns throw
+      # data, which is throwobj or a vm_throw_data wrapping it. When ec->tag->state is
+      # set, JIT code callers will handle the throw with vm_exec_handle_exception.
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], CFP)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], throw_state)
+      # asm.mov(C_ARGS[3], :rcx) # same reg
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_throw)
+
+      asm.comment('exit from throw')
+      asm.pop(SP)
+      asm.pop(EC)
+      asm.pop(CFP)
+
+      # return C_RET as C_RET
+      asm.ret
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jump(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Check for interrupts, but only on backward branches that may create loops
+      jump_offset = jit.operand(0, signed: true)
+      if jump_offset < 0
+        jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+
+      pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * (jit.insn.len + jump_offset)
+      jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, pc, ctx, asm)
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def branchif(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Check for interrupts, but only on backward branches that may create loops
+      jump_offset = jit.operand(0, signed: true)
+      if jump_offset < 0
+        jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+
+      # Get the branch target instruction offsets
+      next_pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * jit.insn.len
+      jump_pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * (jit.insn.len + jump_offset)
+
+      val_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+      val_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      if (result = val_type.known_truthy) != nil
+        target_pc = result ? jump_pc : next_pc
+        jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, target_pc, ctx, asm)
+      else
+        # This `test` sets ZF only for Qnil and Qfalse, which let jz jump.
+        asm.test(val_opnd, ~Qnil)
+
+        # Set stubs
+        branch_stub = BranchStub.new(
+          iseq: jit.iseq,
+          shape: Default,
+          target0: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc: jump_pc), # branch target
+          target1: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc: next_pc), # fallthrough
+        )
+        branch_stub.target0.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, true)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        branch_stub.target1.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, false)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+
+        # Jump to target0 on jnz
+        branch_stub.compile = compile_branchif(branch_stub)
+        branch_stub.compile.call(asm)
+      end
+
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    def compile_branchif(branch_stub) # Proc escapes arguments in memory
+      proc do |branch_asm|
+        branch_asm.comment("branchif #{branch_stub.shape}")
+        branch_asm.stub(branch_stub) do
+          case branch_stub.shape
+          in Default
+            branch_asm.jnz(branch_stub.target0.address)
+            branch_asm.jmp(branch_stub.target1.address)
+          in Next0
+            branch_asm.jz(branch_stub.target1.address)
+          in Next1
+            branch_asm.jnz(branch_stub.target0.address)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def branchunless(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Check for interrupts, but only on backward branches that may create loops
+      jump_offset = jit.operand(0, signed: true)
+      if jump_offset < 0
+        jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+
+      # Get the branch target instruction offsets
+      next_pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * jit.insn.len
+      jump_pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * (jit.insn.len + jump_offset)
+
+      val_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+      val_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      if (result = val_type.known_truthy) != nil
+        target_pc = result ? next_pc : jump_pc
+        jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, target_pc, ctx, asm)
+      else
+        # This `test` sets ZF only for Qnil and Qfalse, which let jz jump.
+        asm.test(val_opnd, ~Qnil)
+
+        # Set stubs
+        branch_stub = BranchStub.new(
+          iseq: jit.iseq,
+          shape: Default,
+          target0: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc: jump_pc), # branch target
+          target1: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc: next_pc), # fallthrough
+        )
+        branch_stub.target0.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, true)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        branch_stub.target1.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, false)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+
+        # Jump to target0 on jz
+        branch_stub.compile = compile_branchunless(branch_stub)
+        branch_stub.compile.call(asm)
+      end
+
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    def compile_branchunless(branch_stub) # Proc escapes arguments in memory
+      proc do |branch_asm|
+        branch_asm.comment("branchunless #{branch_stub.shape}")
+        branch_asm.stub(branch_stub) do
+          case branch_stub.shape
+          in Default
+            branch_asm.jz(branch_stub.target0.address)
+            branch_asm.jmp(branch_stub.target1.address)
+          in Next0
+            branch_asm.jnz(branch_stub.target1.address)
+          in Next1
+            branch_asm.jz(branch_stub.target0.address)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def branchnil(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Check for interrupts, but only on backward branches that may create loops
+      jump_offset = jit.operand(0, signed: true)
+      if jump_offset < 0
+        jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+
+      # Get the branch target instruction offsets
+      next_pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * jit.insn.len
+      jump_pc = jit.pc + C.VALUE.size * (jit.insn.len + jump_offset)
+
+      val_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+      val_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      if (result = val_type.known_nil) != nil
+        target_pc = result ? jump_pc : next_pc
+        jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, target_pc, ctx, asm)
+      else
+        asm.cmp(val_opnd, Qnil)
+
+        # Set stubs
+        branch_stub = BranchStub.new(
+          iseq: jit.iseq,
+          shape: Default,
+          target0: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc: jump_pc), # branch target
+          target1: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc: next_pc), # fallthrough
+        )
+        branch_stub.target0.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, true)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        branch_stub.target1.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, false)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+
+        # Jump to target0 on je
+        branch_stub.compile = compile_branchnil(branch_stub)
+        branch_stub.compile.call(asm)
+      end
+
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    def compile_branchnil(branch_stub) # Proc escapes arguments in memory
+      proc do |branch_asm|
+        branch_asm.comment("branchnil #{branch_stub.shape}")
+        branch_asm.stub(branch_stub) do
+          case branch_stub.shape
+          in Default
+            branch_asm.je(branch_stub.target0.address)
+            branch_asm.jmp(branch_stub.target1.address)
+          in Next0
+            branch_asm.jne(branch_stub.target1.address)
+          in Next1
+            branch_asm.je(branch_stub.target0.address)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # once
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_case_dispatch(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Normally this instruction would lookup the key in a hash and jump to an
+      # offset based on that.
+      # Instead we can take the fallback case and continue with the next
+      # instruction.
+      # We'd hope that our jitted code will be sufficiently fast without the
+      # hash lookup, at least for small hashes, but it's worth revisiting this
+      # assumption in the future.
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+      starting_context = ctx.dup
+
+      case_hash = jit.operand(0, ruby: true)
+      else_offset = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # Try to reorder case/else branches so that ones that are actually used come first.
+      # Supporting only Fixnum for now so that the implementation can be an equality check.
+      key_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      comptime_key = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      # Check that all cases are fixnums to avoid having to register BOP assumptions on
+      # all the types that case hashes support. This spends compile time to save memory.
+      if fixnum?(comptime_key) && comptime_key <= 2**32 && C.rb_hash_keys(case_hash).all? { |key| fixnum?(key) }
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_EQQ)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check if the key is the same value
+        asm.cmp(key_opnd, to_value(comptime_key))
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, starting_context)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, starting_context, asm, side_exit)
+
+        # Get the offset for the compile-time key
+        offset = C.rb_hash_stlike_lookup(case_hash, comptime_key)
+        # NOTE: If we hit the else branch with various values, it could negatively impact the performance.
+        jump_offset = offset || else_offset
+
+        # Jump to the offset of case or else
+        target_pc = jit.pc + (jit.insn.len + jump_offset) * C.VALUE.size
+        jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, target_pc, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      else
+        KeepCompiling # continue with === branches
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_plus(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+      comptime_obj  = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      if fixnum?(comptime_recv) && fixnum?(comptime_obj)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_PLUS)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that both operands are fixnums
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        obj_opnd  = ctx.stack_pop
+        recv_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+
+        asm.mov(:rax, recv_opnd)
+        asm.sub(:rax, 1) # untag
+        asm.mov(:rcx, obj_opnd)
+        asm.add(:rax, :rcx)
+        asm.jo(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+
+        dst_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+        asm.mov(dst_opnd, :rax)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_minus(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+      comptime_obj  = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      if fixnum?(comptime_recv) && fixnum?(comptime_obj)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_MINUS)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that both operands are fixnums
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        obj_opnd  = ctx.stack_pop
+        recv_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+
+        asm.mov(:rax, recv_opnd)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, obj_opnd)
+        asm.sub(:rax, :rcx)
+        asm.jo(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+        asm.add(:rax, 1) # re-tag
+
+        dst_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+        asm.mov(dst_opnd, :rax)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_mult(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_div(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_mod(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      if two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_MOD)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that both operands are fixnums
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # Get the operands and destination from the stack
+        arg1 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+        arg0 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+        # Check for arg0 % 0
+        asm.cmp(arg1, 0)
+        asm.je(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+
+        # Call rb_fix_mod_fix(VALUE recv, VALUE obj)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], arg0)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], arg1)
+        asm.call(C.rb_fix_mod_fix)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_eq(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      if jit_equality_specialized(jit, ctx, asm, true)
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_neq(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # opt_neq is passed two rb_call_data as arguments:
+      # first for ==, second for !=
+      neq_cd = C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(1))
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm, cd: neq_cd)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_lt(jit, ctx, asm)
+      jit_fixnum_cmp(jit, ctx, asm, opcode: :cmovl, bop: C::BOP_LT)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_le(jit, ctx, asm)
+      jit_fixnum_cmp(jit, ctx, asm, opcode: :cmovle, bop: C::BOP_LE)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_gt(jit, ctx, asm)
+      jit_fixnum_cmp(jit, ctx, asm, opcode: :cmovg, bop: C::BOP_GT)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_ge(jit, ctx, asm)
+      jit_fixnum_cmp(jit, ctx, asm, opcode: :cmovge, bop: C::BOP_GE)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_ltlt(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_and(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      if two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_AND)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that both operands are fixnums
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # Get the operands and destination from the stack
+        arg1 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+        arg0 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+        asm.comment('bitwise and')
+        asm.mov(:rax, arg0)
+        asm.and(:rax, arg1)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        dst = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+        asm.mov(dst, :rax)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_or(jit, ctx, asm)
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      if two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_OR)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that both operands are fixnums
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # Get the operands and destination from the stack
+        asm.comment('bitwise or')
+        arg1 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+        arg0 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+        # Do the bitwise or arg0 | arg1
+        asm.mov(:rax, arg0)
+        asm.or(:rax, arg1)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        dst = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+        asm.mov(dst, :rax)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_aref(jit, ctx, asm)
+      cd = C.rb_call_data.new(jit.operand(0))
+      argc = C.vm_ci_argc(cd.ci)
+
+      if argc != 1
+        asm.incr_counter(:optaref_argc_not_one)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+      comptime_obj  = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      if C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv) == Array && fixnum?(comptime_obj)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::ARRAY_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_AREF)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        idx_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+        recv_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+
+        not_array_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :optaref_recv_not_array)
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv), recv_opnd, StackOpnd[1], comptime_recv, not_array_exit)
+
+        # Bail if idx is not a FIXNUM
+        asm.mov(:rax, idx_opnd)
+        asm.test(:rax, C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG)
+        asm.jz(counted_exit(side_exit, :optaref_arg_not_fixnum))
+
+        # Call VALUE rb_ary_entry_internal(VALUE ary, long offset).
+        # It never raises or allocates, so we don't need to write to cfp->pc.
+        asm.sar(:rax, 1) # Convert fixnum to int
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv_opnd)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rax)
+        asm.call(C.rb_ary_entry_internal)
+
+        # Pop the argument and the receiver
+        ctx.stack_pop(2)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        # Let guard chains share the same successor
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      elsif C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv) == Hash
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::HASH_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_AREF)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        recv_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+
+        # Guard that the receiver is a Hash
+        not_hash_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :optaref_recv_not_hash)
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv), recv_opnd, StackOpnd[1], comptime_recv, not_hash_exit)
+
+        # Prepare to call rb_hash_aref(). It might call #hash on the key.
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        asm.comment('call rb_hash_aref')
+        key_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+        recv_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+        asm.mov(:rdi, recv_opnd)
+        asm.mov(:rsi, key_opnd)
+        asm.call(C.rb_hash_aref)
+
+        # Pop the key and the receiver
+        ctx.stack_pop(2)
+
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        # Let guard chains share the same successor
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_aset(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Defer compilation so we can specialize on a runtime `self`
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(2)
+      comptime_key = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+
+      # Get the operands from the stack
+      recv = ctx.stack_opnd(2)
+      key = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+      _val = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+
+      if C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv) == Array && fixnum?(comptime_key)
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+        # Guard receiver is an Array
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv), recv, StackOpnd[2], comptime_recv, side_exit)
+
+        # Guard key is a fixnum
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_key), key, StackOpnd[1], comptime_key, side_exit)
+
+        # We might allocate or raise
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        asm.comment('call rb_ary_store')
+        recv = ctx.stack_opnd(2)
+        key = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+        val = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+        asm.mov(:rax, key)
+        asm.sar(:rax, 1) # FIX2LONG(key)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rax)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], val)
+        asm.call(C.rb_ary_store)
+
+        # rb_ary_store returns void
+        # stored value should still be on stack
+        val = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        ctx.stack_pop(3)
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(:rax, val)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      elsif C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv) == Hash
+        side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+        # Guard receiver is a Hash
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv), recv, StackOpnd[2], comptime_recv, side_exit)
+
+        # We might allocate or raise
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        # Call rb_hash_aset
+        recv = ctx.stack_opnd(2)
+        key = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+        val = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], key)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], val)
+        asm.call(C.rb_hash_aset)
+
+        # Push the return value onto the stack
+        ctx.stack_pop(3)
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        EndBlock
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # opt_aset_with
+    # opt_aref_with
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_length(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_size(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_empty_p(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_succ(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_not(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_regexpmatch2(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+    end
+
+    # invokebuiltin
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_invokebuiltin_delegate(jit, ctx, asm)
+      bf = C.rb_builtin_function.new(jit.operand(0))
+      bf_argc = bf.argc
+      start_index = jit.operand(1)
+
+      # ec, self, and arguments
+      if bf_argc + 2 > C_ARGS.size
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # If the calls don't allocate, do they need up to date PC, SP?
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Call the builtin func (ec, recv, arg1, arg2, ...)
+      asm.comment('call builtin func')
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+
+      # Copy arguments from locals
+      if bf_argc > 0
+        # Load environment pointer EP from CFP
+        asm.mov(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:ep)])
+
+        bf_argc.times do |i|
+          table_size = jit.iseq.body.local_table_size
+          offs = -table_size - C::VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE + 1 + start_index + i
+          asm.mov(C_ARGS[2 + i], [:rax, offs * C.VALUE.size])
+        end
+      end
+      asm.call(bf.func_ptr)
+
+      # Push the return value
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave(jit, ctx, asm)
+      opt_invokebuiltin_delegate(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # opt_invokebuiltin_delegate is always followed by leave insn
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putobject_INT2FIX_0_(jit, ctx, asm)
+      putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: C.to_value(0))
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def putobject_INT2FIX_1_(jit, ctx, asm)
+      putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: C.to_value(1))
+    end
+
+    #
+    # C func
+    #
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_true(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 0
+      asm.comment('nil? == true')
+      ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::True)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, Qtrue)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_false(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 0
+      asm.comment('nil? == false')
+      ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::False)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, Qfalse)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_kernel_is_a(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      if argc != 1
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # If this is a super call we might not know the class
+      if known_recv_class.nil?
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # Important note: The output code will simply `return true/false`.
+      # Correctness follows from:
+      #  - `known_recv_class` implies there is a guard scheduled before here
+      #    for a particular `CLASS_OF(lhs)`.
+      #  - We guard that rhs is identical to the compile-time sample
+      #  - In general, for any two Class instances A, B, `A < B` does not change at runtime.
+      #    Class#superclass is stable.
+
+      sample_rhs = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+      sample_lhs = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+
+      # We are not allowing module here because the module hierarchy can change at runtime.
+      if C.RB_TYPE_P(sample_rhs, C::RUBY_T_CLASS)
+        return false
+      end
+      sample_is_a = C.obj_is_kind_of(sample_lhs, sample_rhs)
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      asm.comment('Kernel#is_a?')
+      asm.mov(:rax, to_value(sample_rhs))
+      asm.cmp(ctx.stack_opnd(0), :rax)
+      asm.jne(counted_exit(side_exit, :send_is_a_class_mismatch))
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(2)
+
+      if sample_is_a
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::True)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, Qtrue)
+      else
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::False)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, Qfalse)
+      end
+      return true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_kernel_instance_of(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      if argc != 1
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # If this is a super call we might not know the class
+      if known_recv_class.nil?
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # Important note: The output code will simply `return true/false`.
+      # Correctness follows from:
+      #  - `known_recv_class` implies there is a guard scheduled before here
+      #    for a particular `CLASS_OF(lhs)`.
+      #  - We guard that rhs is identical to the compile-time sample
+      #  - For a particular `CLASS_OF(lhs)`, `rb_obj_class(lhs)` does not change.
+      #    (because for any singleton class `s`, `s.superclass.equal?(s.attached_object.class)`)
+
+      sample_rhs = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+      sample_lhs = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+
+      # Filters out cases where the C implementation raises
+      unless C.RB_TYPE_P(sample_rhs, C::RUBY_T_CLASS) || C.RB_TYPE_P(sample_rhs, C::RUBY_T_MODULE)
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # We need to grab the class here to deal with singleton classes.
+      # Instance of grabs the "real class" of the object rather than the
+      # singleton class.
+      sample_lhs_real_class = C.rb_obj_class(sample_lhs)
+
+      sample_instance_of = (sample_lhs_real_class == sample_rhs)
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      asm.comment('Kernel#instance_of?')
+      asm.mov(:rax, to_value(sample_rhs))
+      asm.cmp(ctx.stack_opnd(0), :rax)
+      asm.jne(counted_exit(side_exit, :send_instance_of_class_mismatch))
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(2)
+
+      if sample_instance_of
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::True)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, Qtrue)
+      else
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::False)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, Qfalse)
+      end
+      return true;
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_obj_not(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 0
+      recv_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+
+      case recv_type.known_truthy
+      in false
+        asm.comment('rb_obj_not(nil_or_false)')
+        ctx.stack_pop(1)
+        out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::True)
+        asm.mov(out_opnd, Qtrue)
+      in true
+        # Note: recv_type != Type::Nil && recv_type != Type::False.
+        asm.comment('rb_obj_not(truthy)')
+        ctx.stack_pop(1)
+        out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::False)
+        asm.mov(out_opnd, Qfalse)
+      in nil
+        asm.comment('rb_obj_not')
+
+        recv = ctx.stack_pop
+        # This `test` sets ZF only for Qnil and Qfalse, which let cmovz set.
+        asm.test(recv, ~Qnil)
+        asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+        asm.cmovz(:rax, :rcx)
+
+        stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+        asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+      end
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_obj_equal(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      asm.comment('equal?')
+      obj1 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      obj2 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      asm.mov(:rax, obj1)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, obj2)
+      asm.cmp(:rax, :rcx)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+      asm.cmove(:rax, :rcx)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_obj_not_equal(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      jit_equality_specialized(jit, ctx, asm, false)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_mod_eqq(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+
+      asm.comment('Module#===')
+      # By being here, we know that the receiver is a T_MODULE or a T_CLASS, because Module#=== can
+      # only live on these objects. With that, we can call rb_obj_is_kind_of() without
+      # jit_prepare_routine_call() or a control frame push because it can't raise, allocate, or call
+      # Ruby methods with these inputs.
+      # Note the difference in approach from Kernel#is_a? because we don't get a free guard for the
+      # right hand side.
+      lhs = ctx.stack_opnd(1) # the module
+      rhs = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], rhs);
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], lhs);
+      asm.call(C.rb_obj_is_kind_of)
+
+      # Return the result
+      ctx.stack_pop(2)
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      return true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_int_equal(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      return false unless two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+
+      guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Compare the arguments
+      asm.comment('rb_int_equal')
+      arg1 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      arg0 = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      asm.mov(:rax, arg1)
+      asm.cmp(arg0, :rax)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+      asm.cmove(:rax, :rcx)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_int_mul(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      return false unless two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+
+      guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.comment('rb_int_mul')
+      y_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      x_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], x_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], y_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_fix_mul_fix)
+
+      ret_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(ret_opnd, C_RET)
+      true
+    end
+
+    def jit_rb_int_div(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      return false unless two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+
+      guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.comment('rb_int_div')
+      y_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      x_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      asm.mov(:rax, y_opnd)
+      asm.cmp(:rax, C.to_value(0))
+      asm.je(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], x_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], :rax)
+      asm.call(C.rb_fix_div_fix)
+
+      ret_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(ret_opnd, C_RET)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_int_aref(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      return false unless two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+
+      guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.comment('rb_int_aref')
+      y_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      x_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], x_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], y_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_fix_aref)
+
+      ret_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+      asm.mov(ret_opnd, C_RET)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_str_empty_p(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      recv_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+
+      asm.comment('get string length')
+      asm.mov(:rax, recv_opnd)
+      str_len_opnd = [:rax, C.RString.offsetof(:len)]
+
+      asm.cmp(str_len_opnd, 0)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+      asm.cmove(:rax, :rcx)
+      asm.mov(out_opnd, :rax)
+
+      return true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_str_to_s(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 0
+      if known_recv_class == String
+        asm.comment('to_s on plain string')
+        # The method returns the receiver, which is already on the stack.
+        # No stack movement.
+        return true
+      end
+      false
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_str_bytesize(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      asm.comment('String#bytesize')
+
+      recv = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv)
+      asm.call(C.rb_str_bytesize)
+
+      out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+      asm.mov(out_opnd, C_RET)
+
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_str_concat(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      # The << operator can accept integer codepoints for characters
+      # as the argument. We only specially optimise string arguments.
+      # If the peeked-at compile time argument is something other than
+      # a string, assume it won't be a string later either.
+      comptime_arg = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+      unless C.RB_TYPE_P(comptime_arg, C::RUBY_T_STRING)
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # Guard that the concat argument is a string
+      asm.mov(:rax, ctx.stack_opnd(0))
+      guard_object_is_string(jit, ctx, asm, :rax, :rcx, StackOpnd[0])
+
+      # Guard buffers from GC since rb_str_buf_append may allocate. During the VM lock on GC,
+      # other Ractors may trigger global invalidation, so we need ctx.clear_local_types.
+      # PC is used on errors like Encoding::CompatibilityError raised by rb_str_buf_append.
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      concat_arg = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      recv = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # Test if string encodings differ. If different, use rb_str_append. If the same,
+      # use rb_yjit_str_simple_append, which calls rb_str_cat.
+      asm.comment('<< on strings')
+
+      # Take receiver's object flags XOR arg's flags. If any
+      # string-encoding flags are different between the two,
+      # the encodings don't match.
+      recv_reg = :rax
+      asm.mov(recv_reg, recv)
+      concat_arg_reg = :rcx
+      asm.mov(concat_arg_reg, concat_arg)
+      asm.mov(recv_reg, [recv_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+      asm.mov(concat_arg_reg, [concat_arg_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+      asm.xor(recv_reg, concat_arg_reg)
+      asm.test(recv_reg, C::RUBY_ENCODING_MASK)
+
+      # Push once, use the resulting operand in both branches below.
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TString)
+
+      enc_mismatch = asm.new_label('enc_mismatch')
+      asm.jnz(enc_mismatch)
+
+      # If encodings match, call the simple append function and jump to return
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], concat_arg)
+      asm.call(C.rjit_str_simple_append)
+      ret_label = asm.new_label('func_return')
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+      asm.jmp(ret_label)
+
+      # If encodings are different, use a slower encoding-aware concatenate
+      asm.write_label(enc_mismatch)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], concat_arg)
+      asm.call(C.rb_str_buf_append)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+      # Drop through to return
+
+      asm.write_label(ret_label)
+
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_str_uplus(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      if argc != 0
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # We allocate when we dup the string
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      asm.comment('Unary plus on string')
+      asm.mov(:rax, ctx.stack_pop(1)) # recv_opnd
+      asm.mov(:rcx, [:rax, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)]) # flags_opnd
+      asm.test(:rcx, C::RUBY_FL_FREEZE)
+
+      ret_label = asm.new_label('stack_ret')
+
+      # String#+@ can only exist on T_STRING
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TString)
+
+      # If the string isn't frozen, we just return it.
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax) # recv_opnd
+      asm.jz(ret_label)
+
+      # Str is frozen - duplicate it
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], :rax) # recv_opnd
+      asm.call(C.rb_str_dup)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      asm.write_label(ret_label)
+
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_str_getbyte(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      asm.comment('rb_str_getbyte')
+
+      index_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      str_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], str_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], index_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_str_getbyte)
+
+      ret_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Fixnum)
+      asm.mov(ret_opnd, C_RET)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_ary_empty_p(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      array_reg = :rax
+      asm.mov(array_reg, ctx.stack_pop(1))
+      jit_array_len(asm, array_reg, :rcx)
+
+      asm.test(:rcx, :rcx)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+      asm.cmovz(:rax, :rcx)
+
+      out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+      asm.mov(out_opnd, :rax)
+
+      return true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_ary_push(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 1
+      asm.comment('rb_ary_push')
+
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      item_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      ary_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], ary_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], item_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_ary_push)
+
+      ret_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+      asm.mov(ret_opnd, C_RET)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_obj_respond_to(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+      # respond_to(:sym) or respond_to(:sym, true)
+      if argc != 1 && argc != 2
+        return false
+      end
+
+      if known_recv_class.nil?
+        return false
+      end
+
+      recv_class = known_recv_class
+
+      # Get the method_id from compile time. We will later add a guard against it.
+      mid_sym = jit.peek_at_stack(argc - 1)
+      unless static_symbol?(mid_sym)
+        return false
+      end
+      mid = C.rb_sym2id(mid_sym)
+
+      # This represents the value of the "include_all" argument and whether it's known
+      allow_priv = if argc == 1
+        # Default is false
+        false
+      else
+        # Get value from type information (may or may not be known)
+        ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0]).known_truthy
+      end
+
+      target_cme = C.rb_callable_method_entry_or_negative(recv_class, mid)
+
+      # Should never be null, as in that case we will be returned a "negative CME"
+      assert_equal(false, target_cme.nil?)
+
+      cme_def_type = C.UNDEFINED_METHOD_ENTRY_P(target_cme) ? C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_UNDEF : target_cme.def.type
+
+      if cme_def_type == C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED
+        return false
+      end
+
+      visibility = if cme_def_type == C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_UNDEF
+        C::METHOD_VISI_UNDEF
+      else
+        C.METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(target_cme)
+      end
+
+      result =
+        case [visibility, allow_priv]
+        in C::METHOD_VISI_UNDEF, _ then Qfalse # No method => false
+        in C::METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC, _ then Qtrue # Public method => true regardless of include_all
+        in _, true then Qtrue # include_all => always true
+        else return false # not public and include_all not known, can't compile
+        end
+
+      if result != Qtrue
+        # Only if respond_to_missing? hasn't been overridden
+        # In the future, we might want to jit the call to respond_to_missing?
+        unless Invariants.assume_method_basic_definition(jit, recv_class, C.idRespond_to_missing)
+          return false
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Invalidate this block if method lookup changes for the method being queried. This works
+      # both for the case where a method does or does not exist, as for the latter we asked for a
+      # "negative CME" earlier.
+      Invariants.assume_method_lookup_stable(jit, target_cme)
+
+      # Generate a side exit
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      if argc == 2
+        # pop include_all argument (we only use its type info)
+        ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      end
+
+      sym_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      _recv_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # This is necessary because we have no guarantee that sym_opnd is a constant
+      asm.comment('guard known mid')
+      asm.mov(:rax, to_value(mid_sym))
+      asm.cmp(sym_opnd, :rax)
+      asm.jne(side_exit)
+
+      putobject(jit, ctx, asm, val: result)
+
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_rb_f_block_given_p(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      asm.comment('block_given?')
+
+      # Same as rb_vm_frame_block_handler
+      jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg: :rax)
+      asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]) # block_handler
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+
+      # Return `block_handler != VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE`
+      asm.cmp(:rax, C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE)
+      asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+      asm.cmovne(:rax, :rcx) # block_given
+      asm.mov(out_opnd, :rax)
+
+      true
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_thread_s_current(jit, ctx, asm, argc, _known_recv_class)
+      return false if argc != 0
+      asm.comment('Thread.current')
+      ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # ec->thread_ptr
+      asm.mov(:rax, [EC, C.rb_execution_context_t.offsetof(:thread_ptr)])
+
+      # thread->self
+      asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.rb_thread_struct.offsetof(:self)])
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownHeap)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, :rax)
+      true
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Helpers
+    #
+
+    def register_cfunc_codegen_funcs
+      # Specialization for C methods. See register_cfunc_method for details.
+      register_cfunc_method(BasicObject, :!, :jit_rb_obj_not)
+
+      register_cfunc_method(NilClass, :nil?, :jit_rb_true)
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :nil?, :jit_rb_false)
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :is_a?, :jit_rb_kernel_is_a)
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :kind_of?, :jit_rb_kernel_is_a)
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :instance_of?, :jit_rb_kernel_instance_of)
+
+      register_cfunc_method(BasicObject, :==, :jit_rb_obj_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(BasicObject, :equal?, :jit_rb_obj_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(BasicObject, :!=, :jit_rb_obj_not_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :eql?, :jit_rb_obj_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(Module, :==, :jit_rb_obj_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(Module, :===, :jit_rb_mod_eqq)
+      register_cfunc_method(Symbol, :==, :jit_rb_obj_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(Symbol, :===, :jit_rb_obj_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(Integer, :==, :jit_rb_int_equal)
+      register_cfunc_method(Integer, :===, :jit_rb_int_equal)
+
+      # rb_str_to_s() methods in string.c
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :empty?, :jit_rb_str_empty_p)
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :to_s, :jit_rb_str_to_s)
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :to_str, :jit_rb_str_to_s)
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :bytesize, :jit_rb_str_bytesize)
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :<<, :jit_rb_str_concat)
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :+@, :jit_rb_str_uplus)
+
+      # rb_ary_empty_p() method in array.c
+      register_cfunc_method(Array, :empty?, :jit_rb_ary_empty_p)
+
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :respond_to?, :jit_obj_respond_to)
+      register_cfunc_method(Kernel, :block_given?, :jit_rb_f_block_given_p)
+
+      # Thread.current
+      register_cfunc_method(C.rb_singleton_class(Thread), :current, :jit_thread_s_current)
+
+      #---
+      register_cfunc_method(Array, :<<, :jit_rb_ary_push)
+      register_cfunc_method(Integer, :*, :jit_rb_int_mul)
+      register_cfunc_method(Integer, :/, :jit_rb_int_div)
+      register_cfunc_method(Integer, :[], :jit_rb_int_aref)
+      register_cfunc_method(String, :getbyte, :jit_rb_str_getbyte)
+    end
+
+    def register_cfunc_method(klass, mid_sym, func)
+      mid = C.rb_intern(mid_sym.to_s)
+      me = C.rb_method_entry_at(klass, mid)
+
+      assert_equal(false, me.nil?)
+
+      # Only cfuncs are supported
+      method_serial = me.def.method_serial
+
+      @cfunc_codegen_table[method_serial] = method(func)
+    end
+
+    def lookup_cfunc_codegen(cme_def)
+      @cfunc_codegen_table[cme_def.method_serial]
+    end
+
+    def stack_swap(_jit, ctx, asm, offset0, offset1)
+      stack0_mem = ctx.stack_opnd(offset0)
+      stack1_mem = ctx.stack_opnd(offset1)
+
+      mapping0 = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[offset0])
+      mapping1 = ctx.get_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[offset1])
+
+      asm.mov(:rax, stack0_mem)
+      asm.mov(:rcx, stack1_mem)
+      asm.mov(stack0_mem, :rcx)
+      asm.mov(stack1_mem, :rax)
+
+      ctx.set_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[offset0], mapping1)
+      ctx.set_opnd_mapping(StackOpnd[offset1], mapping0)
+    end
+
+    def jit_getlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level:)
+      # Load environment pointer EP (level 0) from CFP
+      ep_reg = :rax
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg: ep_reg)
+
+      # Load the local from the block
+      # val = *(vm_get_ep(GET_EP(), level) - idx);
+      asm.mov(:rax, [ep_reg, -idx * C.VALUE.size])
+
+      # Write the local at SP
+      stack_top = if level == 0
+        local_idx = ep_offset_to_local_idx(jit.iseq, idx)
+        ctx.stack_push_local(local_idx)
+      else
+        ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      end
+
+      asm.mov(stack_top, :rax)
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    def jit_setlocal_generic(jit, ctx, asm, idx:, level:)
+      value_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+
+      # Load environment pointer EP at level
+      ep_reg = :rax
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg: ep_reg)
+
+      # Write barriers may be required when VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED is set, however write barriers
+      # only affect heap objects being written. If we know an immediate value is being written we
+      # can skip this check.
+      unless value_type.imm?
+        # flags & VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED
+        flags_opnd = [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_FLAGS]
+        asm.test(flags_opnd, C::VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED)
+
+        # if (flags & VM_ENV_FLAG_WB_REQUIRED) != 0
+        asm.jnz(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+      end
+
+      if level == 0
+        local_idx = ep_offset_to_local_idx(jit.iseq, idx)
+        ctx.set_local_type(local_idx, value_type)
+      end
+
+      # Pop the value to write from the stack
+      stack_top = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # Write the value at the environment pointer
+      asm.mov(:rcx, stack_top)
+      asm.mov([ep_reg, -(C.VALUE.size * idx)], :rcx)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # Compute the index of a local variable from its slot index
+    def ep_offset_to_local_idx(iseq, ep_offset)
+      # Layout illustration
+      # This is an array of VALUE
+      #                                           | VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE |
+      #                                           v                  v
+      # low addr <+-------+-------+-------+-------+------------------+
+      #           |local 0|local 1|  ...  |local n|       ....       |
+      #           +-------+-------+-------+-------+------------------+
+      #           ^       ^                       ^                  ^
+      #           +-------+---local_table_size----+         cfp->ep--+
+      #                   |                                          |
+      #                   +------------------ep_offset---------------+
+      #
+      # See usages of local_var_name() from iseq.c for similar calculation.
+
+      # Equivalent of iseq->body->local_table_size
+      local_table_size = iseq.body.local_table_size
+      op = ep_offset - C::VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE
+      local_idx = local_table_size - op - 1
+      assert_equal(true, local_idx >= 0 && local_idx < local_table_size)
+      local_idx
+    end
+
+    # Compute the index of a local variable from its slot index
+    def slot_to_local_idx(iseq, slot_idx)
+      # Layout illustration
+      # This is an array of VALUE
+      #                                           | VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE |
+      #                                           v                  v
+      # low addr <+-------+-------+-------+-------+------------------+
+      #           |local 0|local 1|  ...  |local n|       ....       |
+      #           +-------+-------+-------+-------+------------------+
+      #           ^       ^                       ^                  ^
+      #           +-------+---local_table_size----+         cfp->ep--+
+      #                   |                                          |
+      #                   +------------------slot_idx----------------+
+      #
+      # See usages of local_var_name() from iseq.c for similar calculation.
+
+      local_table_size = iseq.body.local_table_size
+      op = slot_idx - C::VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE
+      local_table_size - op - 1
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def guard_object_is_heap(jit, ctx, asm, object, object_opnd, counter = nil)
+      object_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(object_opnd)
+      if object_type.heap?
+        return
+      end
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      side_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, counter) if counter
+
+      asm.comment('guard object is heap')
+      # Test that the object is not an immediate
+      asm.test(object, C::RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK)
+      asm.jnz(side_exit)
+
+      # Test that the object is not false
+      asm.cmp(object, Qfalse)
+      asm.je(side_exit)
+
+      if object_type.diff(Type::UnknownHeap) != TypeDiff::Incompatible
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(object_opnd, Type::UnknownHeap)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def guard_object_is_array(jit, ctx, asm, object_reg, flags_reg, object_opnd, counter = nil)
+      object_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(object_opnd)
+      if object_type.array?
+        return
+      end
+
+      guard_object_is_heap(jit, ctx, asm, object_reg, object_opnd, counter)
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      side_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, counter) if counter
+
+      asm.comment('guard object is array')
+      # Pull out the type mask
+      asm.mov(flags_reg, [object_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+      asm.and(flags_reg, C::RUBY_T_MASK)
+
+      # Compare the result with T_ARRAY
+      asm.cmp(flags_reg, C::RUBY_T_ARRAY)
+      asm.jne(side_exit)
+
+      if object_type.diff(Type::TArray) != TypeDiff::Incompatible
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(object_opnd, Type::TArray)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def guard_object_is_string(jit, ctx, asm, object_reg, flags_reg, object_opnd, counter = nil)
+      object_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(object_opnd)
+      if object_type.string?
+        return
+      end
+
+      guard_object_is_heap(jit, ctx, asm, object_reg, object_opnd, counter)
+
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      side_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, counter) if counter
+
+      asm.comment('guard object is string')
+      # Pull out the type mask
+      asm.mov(flags_reg, [object_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+      asm.and(flags_reg, C::RUBY_T_MASK)
+
+      # Compare the result with T_STRING
+      asm.cmp(flags_reg, C::RUBY_T_STRING)
+      asm.jne(side_exit)
+
+      if object_type.diff(Type::TString) != TypeDiff::Incompatible
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(object_opnd, Type::TString)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # clobbers object_reg
+    def guard_object_is_not_ruby2_keyword_hash(asm, object_reg, flags_reg, side_exit)
+      asm.comment('guard object is not ruby2 keyword hash')
+
+      not_ruby2_keyword = asm.new_label('not_ruby2_keyword')
+      asm.test(object_reg, C::RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK)
+      asm.jnz(not_ruby2_keyword)
+
+      asm.cmp(object_reg, Qfalse)
+      asm.je(not_ruby2_keyword)
+
+      asm.mov(flags_reg, [object_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+      type_reg = object_reg
+      asm.mov(type_reg, flags_reg)
+      asm.and(type_reg, C::RUBY_T_MASK)
+
+      asm.cmp(type_reg, C::RUBY_T_HASH)
+      asm.jne(not_ruby2_keyword)
+
+      asm.test(flags_reg, C::RHASH_PASS_AS_KEYWORDS)
+      asm.jnz(side_exit)
+
+      asm.write_label(not_ruby2_keyword)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_chain_guard(opcode, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit: 20)
+      opcode => :je | :jne | :jnz | :jz
+
+      if ctx.chain_depth < limit
+        deeper = ctx.dup
+        deeper.chain_depth += 1
+
+        branch_stub = BranchStub.new(
+          iseq: jit.iseq,
+          shape: Default,
+          target0: BranchTarget.new(ctx: deeper, pc: jit.pc),
+        )
+        branch_stub.target0.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(deeper, ocb_asm, branch_stub, true)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        branch_stub.compile = compile_jit_chain_guard(branch_stub, opcode:)
+        branch_stub.compile.call(asm)
+      else
+        asm.public_send(opcode, side_exit)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def compile_jit_chain_guard(branch_stub, opcode:) # Proc escapes arguments in memory
+      proc do |branch_asm|
+        # Not using `asm.comment` here since it's usually put before cmp/test before this.
+        branch_asm.stub(branch_stub) do
+          case branch_stub.shape
+          in Default
+            branch_asm.public_send(opcode, branch_stub.target0.address)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, known_klass, obj_opnd, insn_opnd, comptime_obj, side_exit, limit: 10)
+      # Only memory operand is supported for now
+      assert_equal(true, obj_opnd.is_a?(Array))
+
+      known_klass = C.to_value(known_klass)
+      val_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(insn_opnd)
+      if val_type.known_class == known_klass
+        # We already know from type information that this is a match
+        return
+      end
+
+      # Touching this as Ruby could crash for FrozenCore
+      if known_klass == C.rb_cNilClass
+        assert(!val_type.heap?)
+        assert(val_type.unknown?)
+
+        asm.comment('guard object is nil')
+        asm.cmp(obj_opnd, Qnil)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::Nil)
+      elsif known_klass == C.rb_cTrueClass
+        assert(!val_type.heap?)
+        assert(val_type.unknown?)
+
+        asm.comment('guard object is true')
+        asm.cmp(obj_opnd, Qtrue)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::True)
+      elsif known_klass == C.rb_cFalseClass
+        assert(!val_type.heap?)
+        assert(val_type.unknown?)
+
+        asm.comment('guard object is false')
+        asm.cmp(obj_opnd, Qfalse)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::False)
+      elsif known_klass == C.rb_cInteger && fixnum?(comptime_obj)
+        # We will guard fixnum and bignum as though they were separate classes
+        # BIGNUM can be handled by the general else case below
+        assert(val_type.unknown?)
+
+        asm.comment('guard object is fixnum')
+        asm.test(obj_opnd, C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jz, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+        ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::Fixnum)
+      elsif known_klass == C.rb_cSymbol && static_symbol?(comptime_obj)
+        assert(!val_type.heap?)
+        # We will guard STATIC vs DYNAMIC as though they were separate classes
+        # DYNAMIC symbols can be handled by the general else case below
+        if val_type != Type::ImmSymbol || !val_type.imm?
+          assert(val_type.unknown?)
+
+          asm.comment('guard object is static symbol')
+          assert_equal(8, C::RUBY_SPECIAL_SHIFT)
+          asm.cmp(BytePtr[*obj_opnd], C::RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG)
+          jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+          ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::ImmSymbol)
+        end
+      elsif known_klass == C.rb_cFloat && flonum?(comptime_obj)
+        assert(!val_type.heap?)
+        if val_type != Type::Flonum || !val_type.imm?
+          assert(val_type.unknown?)
+
+          # We will guard flonum vs heap float as though they were separate classes
+          asm.comment('guard object is flonum')
+          asm.mov(:rax, obj_opnd)
+          asm.and(:rax, C::RUBY_FLONUM_MASK)
+          asm.cmp(:rax, C::RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG)
+          jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+          ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::Flonum)
+        end
+      elsif C.FL_TEST(known_klass, C::RUBY_FL_SINGLETON) && comptime_obj == C.rb_class_attached_object(known_klass)
+        # Singleton classes are attached to one specific object, so we can
+        # avoid one memory access (and potentially the is_heap check) by
+        # looking for the expected object directly.
+        # Note that in case the sample instance has a singleton class that
+        # doesn't attach to the sample instance, it means the sample instance
+        # has an empty singleton class that hasn't been materialized yet. In
+        # this case, comparing against the sample instance doesn't guarantee
+        # that its singleton class is empty, so we can't avoid the memory
+        # access. As an example, `Object.new.singleton_class` is an object in
+        # this situation.
+        asm.comment('guard known object with singleton class')
+        asm.mov(:rax, to_value(comptime_obj))
+        asm.cmp(obj_opnd, :rax)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+      elsif val_type == Type::CString && known_klass == C.rb_cString
+        # guard elided because the context says we've already checked
+        assert_equal(C.to_value(C.rb_class_of(comptime_obj)), C.rb_cString)
+      else
+        assert(!val_type.imm?)
+
+        # Load memory to a register
+        asm.mov(:rax, obj_opnd)
+        obj_opnd = :rax
+
+        # Check that the receiver is a heap object
+        # Note: if we get here, the class doesn't have immediate instances.
+        unless val_type.heap?
+          asm.comment('guard not immediate')
+          asm.test(obj_opnd, C::RUBY_IMMEDIATE_MASK)
+          jit_chain_guard(:jnz, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+          asm.cmp(obj_opnd, Qfalse)
+          jit_chain_guard(:je, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+        end
+
+        # Bail if receiver class is different from known_klass
+        klass_opnd = [obj_opnd, C.RBasic.offsetof(:klass)]
+        asm.comment("guard known class #{known_klass}")
+        asm.mov(:rcx, known_klass)
+        asm.cmp(klass_opnd, :rcx)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit, limit:)
+
+        if known_klass == C.rb_cString
+          # Upgrading to Type::CString here is incorrect.
+          # The guard we put only checks RBASIC_CLASS(obj),
+          # which adding a singleton class can change. We
+          # additionally need to know the string is frozen
+          # to claim Type::CString.
+          ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::TString)
+        elsif known_klass == C.rb_cArray
+          ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(insn_opnd, Type::TArray)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    def two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+      comptime_arg = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+      return fixnum?(comptime_recv) && fixnum?(comptime_arg)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Get stack operands without popping them
+      arg1 = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+      arg0 = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+
+      # Get the stack operand types
+      arg1_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+      arg0_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[1])
+
+      if arg0_type.heap? || arg1_type.heap?
+        asm.comment('arg is heap object')
+        asm.jmp(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+        return
+      end
+
+      if arg0_type != Type::Fixnum && arg0_type.specific?
+        asm.comment('arg0 not fixnum')
+        asm.jmp(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+        return
+      end
+
+      if arg1_type != Type::Fixnum && arg1_type.specific?
+        asm.comment('arg1 not fixnum')
+        asm.jmp(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+        return
+      end
+
+      assert(!arg0_type.heap?)
+      assert(!arg1_type.heap?)
+      assert(arg0_type == Type::Fixnum || arg0_type.unknown?)
+      assert(arg1_type == Type::Fixnum || arg1_type.unknown?)
+
+      # If not fixnums at run-time, fall back
+      if arg0_type != Type::Fixnum
+        asm.comment('guard arg0 fixnum')
+        asm.test(arg0, C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jz, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit(jit, ctx))
+      end
+      if arg1_type != Type::Fixnum
+        asm.comment('guard arg1 fixnum')
+        asm.test(arg1, C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG)
+        jit_chain_guard(:jz, jit, ctx, asm, side_exit(jit, ctx))
+      end
+
+      # Set stack types in context
+      ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0], Type::Fixnum)
+      ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(StackOpnd[1], Type::Fixnum)
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_fixnum_cmp(jit, ctx, asm, opcode:, bop:)
+      opcode => :cmovl | :cmovle | :cmovg | :cmovge
+
+      unless jit.at_current_insn?
+        defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+      comptime_obj  = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      if fixnum?(comptime_recv) && fixnum?(comptime_obj)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, bop)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that both operands are fixnums
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        obj_opnd  = ctx.stack_pop
+        recv_opnd = ctx.stack_pop
+
+        asm.mov(:rax, obj_opnd)
+        asm.cmp(recv_opnd, :rax)
+        asm.mov(:rax, Qfalse)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, Qtrue)
+        asm.public_send(opcode, :rax, :rcx)
+
+        dst_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+        asm.mov(dst_opnd, :rax)
+
+        KeepCompiling
+      else
+        opt_send_without_block(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_equality_specialized(jit, ctx, asm, gen_eq)
+      # Create a side-exit to fall back to the interpreter
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      a_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(1)
+      b_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+
+      comptime_a = jit.peek_at_stack(1)
+      comptime_b = jit.peek_at_stack(0)
+
+      if two_fixnums_on_stack?(jit)
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::INTEGER_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_EQ)
+          return false
+        end
+
+        guard_two_fixnums(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        asm.comment('check fixnum equality')
+        asm.mov(:rax, a_opnd)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, b_opnd)
+        asm.cmp(:rax, :rcx)
+        asm.mov(:rax, gen_eq ? Qfalse : Qtrue)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, gen_eq ? Qtrue  : Qfalse)
+        asm.cmove(:rax, :rcx)
+
+        # Push the output on the stack
+        ctx.stack_pop(2)
+        dst = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+        asm.mov(dst, :rax)
+
+        true
+      elsif C.rb_class_of(comptime_a) == String && C.rb_class_of(comptime_b) == String
+        unless Invariants.assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, C::STRING_REDEFINED_OP_FLAG, C::BOP_EQ)
+          # if overridden, emit the generic version
+          return false
+        end
+
+        # Guard that a is a String
+        jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_a), a_opnd, StackOpnd[1], comptime_a, side_exit)
+
+        equal_label = asm.new_label(:equal)
+        ret_label = asm.new_label(:ret)
+
+        # If they are equal by identity, return true
+        asm.mov(:rax, a_opnd)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, b_opnd)
+        asm.cmp(:rax, :rcx)
+        asm.je(equal_label)
+
+        # Otherwise guard that b is a T_STRING (from type info) or String (from runtime guard)
+        btype = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+        unless btype.string?
+          # Note: any T_STRING is valid here, but we check for a ::String for simplicity
+          # To pass a mutable static variable (rb_cString) requires an unsafe block
+          jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_b), b_opnd, StackOpnd[0], comptime_b, side_exit)
+        end
+
+        asm.comment('call rb_str_eql_internal')
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], a_opnd)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], b_opnd)
+        asm.call(gen_eq ? C.rb_str_eql_internal : C.rjit_str_neq_internal)
+
+        # Push the output on the stack
+        ctx.stack_pop(2)
+        dst = ctx.stack_push(Type::UnknownImm)
+        asm.mov(dst, C_RET)
+        asm.jmp(ret_label)
+
+        asm.write_label(equal_label)
+        asm.mov(dst, gen_eq ? Qtrue : Qfalse)
+
+        asm.write_label(ret_label)
+
+        true
+      else
+        false
+      end
+    end
+
+    # NOTE: This clobbers :rax
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+      jit.record_boundary_patch_point = true
+      jit_save_pc(jit, asm)
+      jit_save_sp(ctx, asm)
+
+      # In case the routine calls Ruby methods, it can set local variables
+      # through Kernel#binding and other means.
+      ctx.clear_local_types
+    end
+
+    # NOTE: This clobbers :rax
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_save_pc(jit, asm, comment: 'save PC to CFP')
+      next_pc = jit.pc + jit.insn.len * C.VALUE.size # Use the next one for backtrace and side exits
+      asm.comment(comment)
+      asm.mov(:rax, next_pc)
+      asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:pc)], :rax)
+    end
+
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_save_sp(ctx, asm)
+      if ctx.sp_offset != 0
+        asm.comment('save SP to CFP')
+        asm.lea(SP, ctx.sp_opnd)
+        asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)], SP)
+        ctx.sp_offset = 0
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      reset_depth = ctx.dup
+      reset_depth.chain_depth = 0
+
+      next_pc = jit.pc + jit.insn.len * C.VALUE.size
+
+      # We are at the end of the current instruction. Record the boundary.
+      if jit.record_boundary_patch_point
+        exit_pos = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_side_exit(next_pc, ctx, ocb_asm)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        Invariants.record_global_inval_patch(asm, exit_pos)
+        jit.record_boundary_patch_point = false
+      end
+
+      jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, next_pc, reset_depth, asm, comment: 'jump_to_next_insn')
+    end
+
+    # rb_vm_check_ints
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+      asm.comment('RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec)')
+      asm.mov(:eax, DwordPtr[EC, C.rb_execution_context_t.offsetof(:interrupt_flag)])
+      asm.test(:eax, :eax)
+      asm.jnz(side_exit(jit, ctx))
+    end
+
+    # See get_lvar_level in compile.c
+    def get_lvar_level(iseq)
+      level = 0
+      while iseq.to_i != iseq.body.local_iseq.to_i
+        level += 1
+        iseq = iseq.body.parent_iseq
+      end
+      return level
+    end
+
+    # GET_LEP
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg:)
+      level = get_lvar_level(jit.iseq)
+      jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg:)
+    end
+
+    # vm_get_ep
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_get_ep(asm, level, reg:)
+      asm.mov(reg, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:ep)])
+      level.times do
+        # GET_PREV_EP: ep[VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL] & ~0x03
+        asm.mov(reg, [reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL])
+        asm.and(reg, ~0x03)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # vm_getivar
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_getivar(jit, ctx, asm, comptime_obj, ivar_id, obj_opnd, obj_yarv_opnd)
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      starting_ctx = ctx.dup # copy for jit_chain_guard
+
+      # Guard not special const
+      if C::SPECIAL_CONST_P(comptime_obj)
+        asm.incr_counter(:getivar_special_const)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      case C::BUILTIN_TYPE(comptime_obj)
+      when C::T_OBJECT
+        # This is the only supported case for now (ROBJECT_IVPTR)
+      else
+        # General case. Call rb_ivar_get().
+        # VALUE rb_ivar_get(VALUE obj, ID id)
+        asm.comment('call rb_ivar_get()')
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], obj_opnd ? obj_opnd : [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], ivar_id)
+
+        # The function could raise exceptions.
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm) # clobbers obj_opnd and :rax
+
+        asm.call(C.rb_ivar_get)
+
+        if obj_opnd # attr_reader
+          ctx.stack_pop
+        end
+
+        # Push the ivar on the stack
+        out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(out_opnd, C_RET)
+
+        # Jump to next instruction. This allows guard chains to share the same successor.
+        jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+        return EndBlock
+      end
+
+      asm.mov(:rax, obj_opnd ? obj_opnd : [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+      guard_object_is_heap(jit, ctx, asm, :rax, obj_yarv_opnd, :getivar_not_heap)
+
+      shape_id = C.rb_shape_get_shape_id(comptime_obj)
+      if shape_id == C::OBJ_TOO_COMPLEX_SHAPE_ID
+        asm.incr_counter(:getivar_too_complex)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      asm.comment('guard shape')
+      asm.cmp(DwordPtr[:rax, C.rb_shape_id_offset], shape_id)
+      jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, starting_ctx, asm, counted_exit(side_exit, :getivar_megamorphic))
+
+      if obj_opnd
+        ctx.stack_pop # pop receiver for attr_reader
+      end
+
+      index = C.rb_shape_get_iv_index(shape_id, ivar_id)
+      # If there is no IVAR index, then the ivar was undefined
+      # when we entered the compiler.  That means we can just return
+      # nil for this shape + iv name
+      if index.nil?
+        stack_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Nil)
+        val_opnd = Qnil
+      else
+        asm.comment('ROBJECT_IVPTR')
+        if C::FL_TEST_RAW(comptime_obj, C::ROBJECT_EMBED)
+          # Access embedded array
+          asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.RObject.offsetof(:as, :ary) + (index * C.VALUE.size)])
+        else
+          # Pull out an ivar table on heap
+          asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.RObject.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ivptr)])
+          # Read the table
+          asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, index * C.VALUE.size])
+        end
+        stack_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        val_opnd = :rax
+      end
+      asm.mov(stack_opnd, val_opnd)
+
+      # Let guard chains share the same successor
+      jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    def jit_write_iv(asm, comptime_receiver, recv_reg, temp_reg, ivar_index, set_value, needs_extension)
+      # Compile time self is embedded and the ivar index lands within the object
+      embed_test_result = C::FL_TEST_RAW(comptime_receiver, C::ROBJECT_EMBED) && !needs_extension
+
+      if embed_test_result
+        # Find the IV offset
+        offs = C.RObject.offsetof(:as, :ary) + ivar_index * C.VALUE.size
+
+        # Write the IV
+        asm.comment('write IV')
+        asm.mov(temp_reg, set_value)
+        asm.mov([recv_reg, offs], temp_reg)
+      else
+        # Compile time value is *not* embedded.
+
+        # Get a pointer to the extended table
+        asm.mov(recv_reg, [recv_reg, C.RObject.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ivptr)])
+
+        # Write the ivar in to the extended table
+        asm.comment("write IV");
+        asm.mov(temp_reg, set_value)
+        asm.mov([recv_reg, C.VALUE.size * ivar_index], temp_reg)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # vm_caller_setup_arg_block: Handle VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG cases.
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def guard_block_arg(jit, ctx, asm, calling)
+      if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+        block_arg_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[0])
+        case block_arg_type
+        in Type::Nil
+          calling.block_handler = C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE
+        in Type::BlockParamProxy
+          calling.block_handler = C.rb_block_param_proxy
+        else
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_block_arg)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # vm_search_method
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_search_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling)
+      assert_equal(true, jit.at_current_insn?)
+
+      # Generate a side exit
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      # kw_splat is not supported yet
+      if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_kw_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Get a compile-time receiver and its class
+      recv_idx = calling.argc + (calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0 ? 1 : 0) # blockarg is not popped yet
+      recv_idx += calling.send_shift
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(recv_idx)
+      comptime_recv_klass = C.rb_class_of(comptime_recv)
+
+      # Guard the receiver class (part of vm_search_method_fastpath)
+      recv_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(recv_idx)
+      megamorphic_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :send_klass_megamorphic)
+      jit_guard_known_klass(jit, ctx, asm, comptime_recv_klass, recv_opnd, StackOpnd[recv_idx], comptime_recv, megamorphic_exit)
+
+      # Do method lookup (vm_cc_cme(cc) != NULL)
+      cme = C.rb_callable_method_entry(comptime_recv_klass, mid)
+      if cme.nil?
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_missing_cme)
+        return CantCompile # We don't support vm_call_method_name
+      end
+
+      # Invalidate on redefinition (part of vm_search_method_fastpath)
+      Invariants.assume_method_lookup_stable(jit, cme)
+
+      return cme, comptime_recv_klass
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_general
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_general(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling, cme, known_recv_class)
+      jit_call_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling, cme, known_recv_class)
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_method
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    # @param send_shift [Integer] The number of shifts needed for VM_CALL_OPT_SEND
+    def jit_call_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling, cme, known_recv_class)
+      # The main check of vm_call_method before vm_call_method_each_type
+      case C::METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(cme)
+      in C::METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC
+        # You can always call public methods
+      in C::METHOD_VISI_PRIVATE
+        # Allow only callsites without a receiver
+        if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_FCALL == 0
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_private)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+      in C::METHOD_VISI_PROTECTED
+        # If the method call is an FCALL, it is always valid
+        if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_FCALL == 0
+          # otherwise we need an ancestry check to ensure the receiver is valid to be called as protected
+          jit_protected_callee_ancestry_guard(asm, cme, side_exit(jit, ctx))
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Get a compile-time receiver
+      recv_idx = calling.argc + (calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0 ? 1 : 0) # blockarg is not popped yet
+      recv_idx += calling.send_shift
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(recv_idx)
+      recv_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(recv_idx)
+
+      jit_call_method_each_type(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+    end
+
+    # Generate ancestry guard for protected callee.
+    # Calls to protected callees only go through when self.is_a?(klass_that_defines_the_callee).
+    def jit_protected_callee_ancestry_guard(asm, cme, side_exit)
+      # See vm_call_method().
+      def_class = cme.defined_class
+      # Note: PC isn't written to current control frame as rb_is_kind_of() shouldn't raise.
+      # VALUE rb_obj_is_kind_of(VALUE obj, VALUE klass);
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)])
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], to_value(def_class))
+      asm.call(C.rb_obj_is_kind_of)
+      asm.test(C_RET, C_RET)
+      asm.jz(counted_exit(side_exit, :send_protected_check_failed))
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_method_each_type
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_method_each_type(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+      case cme.def.type
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_ISEQ
+        iseq = def_iseq_ptr(cme.def)
+        jit_call_iseq(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, iseq)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_NOTIMPLEMENTED
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_notimplemented)
+        return CantCompile
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC
+        jit_call_cfunc(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class:)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET
+        jit_call_attrset(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, comptime_recv, recv_opnd)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_IVAR
+        jit_call_ivar(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, comptime_recv, recv_opnd)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_MISSING
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_missing)
+        return CantCompile
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_BMETHOD
+        jit_call_bmethod(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS
+        jit_call_alias(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_OPTIMIZED
+        jit_call_optimized(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class)
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_UNDEF
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_undef)
+        return CantCompile
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_ZSUPER
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_zsuper)
+        return CantCompile
+      in C::VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_refined)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_iseq_setup
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_iseq(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, iseq, frame_type: nil, prev_ep: nil)
+      argc = calling.argc
+      flags = calling.flags
+      send_shift = calling.send_shift
+
+      # When you have keyword arguments, there is an extra object that gets
+      # placed on the stack the represents a bitmap of the keywords that were not
+      # specified at the call site. We need to keep track of the fact that this
+      # value is present on the stack in order to properly set up the callee's
+      # stack pointer.
+      doing_kw_call = iseq.body.param.flags.has_kw
+      supplying_kws = flags & C::VM_CALL_KWARG != 0
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_TAILCALL != 0
+        # We can't handle tailcalls
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_tailcall)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # No support for callees with these parameters yet as they require allocation
+      # or complex handling.
+      if iseq.body.param.flags.has_post
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_has_opt)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      if iseq.body.param.flags.has_kwrest
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_has_kwrest)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # In order to handle backwards compatibility between ruby 3 and 2
+      # ruby2_keywords was introduced. It is called only on methods
+      # with splat and changes they way they handle them.
+      # We are just going to not compile these.
+      # https://www.rubydoc.info/stdlib/core/Proc:ruby2_keywords
+      if iseq.body.param.flags.ruby2_keywords && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_ruby2_keywords)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      iseq_has_rest = iseq.body.param.flags.has_rest
+      if iseq_has_rest && calling.block_handler == :captured
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_has_rest_and_captured)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if iseq_has_rest && iseq.body.param.flags.has_kw && supplying_kws
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_has_rest_and_kw_supplied)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # If we have keyword arguments being passed to a callee that only takes
+      # positionals, then we need to allocate a hash. For now we're going to
+      # call that too complex and bail.
+      if supplying_kws && !iseq.body.param.flags.has_kw
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_has_no_kw)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # If we have a method accepting no kwargs (**nil), exit if we have passed
+      # it any kwargs.
+      if supplying_kws && iseq.body.param.flags.accepts_no_kwarg
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_accepts_no_kwarg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # For computing number of locals to set up for the callee
+      num_params = iseq.body.param.size
+
+      # Block parameter handling. This mirrors setup_parameters_complex().
+      if iseq.body.param.flags.has_block
+        if iseq.body.local_iseq.to_i == iseq.to_i
+          num_params -= 1
+        else
+          # In this case (param.flags.has_block && local_iseq != iseq),
+          # the block argument is setup as a local variable and requires
+          # materialization (allocation). Bail.
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_materialized_block)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+      end
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_ZSUPER != 0
+        # zsuper methods are super calls without any arguments.
+        # They are also marked as splat, but don't actually have an array
+        # they pull arguments from, instead we need to change to call
+        # a different method with the current stack.
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_zsuper)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      start_pc_offset = 0
+      required_num = iseq.body.param.lead_num
+
+      # This struct represents the metadata about the caller-specified
+      # keyword arguments.
+      kw_arg = calling.kwarg
+      kw_arg_num = if kw_arg.nil?
+        0
+      else
+        kw_arg.keyword_len
+      end
+
+      # Arity handling and optional parameter setup
+      opts_filled = argc - required_num - kw_arg_num
+      opt_num = iseq.body.param.opt_num
+      opts_missing = opt_num - opts_filled
+
+      if doing_kw_call && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_splat_with_kw)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if iseq_has_rest && opt_num != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_has_rest_and_optional)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if opts_filled < 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT == 0
+        # Too few arguments and no splat to make up for it
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_arity_error)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if opts_filled > opt_num && !iseq_has_rest
+        # Too many arguments and no place to put them (i.e. rest arg)
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_arity_error)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      block_arg = flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+
+      # Guard block_arg_type
+      if guard_block_arg(jit, ctx, asm, calling) == CantCompile
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # If we have unfilled optional arguments and keyword arguments then we
+      # would need to adjust the arguments location to account for that.
+      # For now we aren't handling this case.
+      if doing_kw_call && opts_missing > 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_missing_optional_kw)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # We will handle splat case later
+      if opt_num > 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT == 0
+        num_params -= opts_missing
+        start_pc_offset = iseq.body.param.opt_table[opts_filled]
+      end
+
+      if doing_kw_call
+        # Here we're calling a method with keyword arguments and specifying
+        # keyword arguments at this call site.
+
+        # This struct represents the metadata about the callee-specified
+        # keyword parameters.
+        keyword = iseq.body.param.keyword
+        keyword_num = keyword.num
+        keyword_required_num = keyword.required_num
+
+        required_kwargs_filled = 0
+
+        if keyword_num > 30
+          # We have so many keywords that (1 << num) encoded as a FIXNUM
+          # (which shifts it left one more) no longer fits inside a 32-bit
+          # immediate.
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_too_many_kwargs)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # Check that the kwargs being passed are valid
+        if supplying_kws
+          # This is the list of keyword arguments that the callee specified
+          # in its initial declaration.
+          # SAFETY: see compile.c for sizing of this slice.
+          callee_kwargs = keyword_num.times.map { |i| keyword.table[i] }
+
+          # Here we're going to build up a list of the IDs that correspond to
+          # the caller-specified keyword arguments. If they're not in the
+          # same order as the order specified in the callee declaration, then
+          # we're going to need to generate some code to swap values around
+          # on the stack.
+          caller_kwargs = []
+          kw_arg.keyword_len.times do |kwarg_idx|
+            sym = C.to_ruby(kw_arg[:keywords][kwarg_idx])
+            caller_kwargs << C.rb_sym2id(sym)
+          end
+
+          # First, we're going to be sure that the names of every
+          # caller-specified keyword argument correspond to a name in the
+          # list of callee-specified keyword parameters.
+          caller_kwargs.each do |caller_kwarg|
+            search_result = callee_kwargs.map.with_index.find { |kwarg, _| kwarg == caller_kwarg }
+
+            case search_result
+            in nil
+              # If the keyword was never found, then we know we have a
+              # mismatch in the names of the keyword arguments, so we need to
+              # bail.
+              asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_kwargs_mismatch)
+              return CantCompile
+            in _, callee_idx if callee_idx < keyword_required_num
+              # Keep a count to ensure all required kwargs are specified
+              required_kwargs_filled += 1
+            else
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        assert_equal(true, required_kwargs_filled <= keyword_required_num)
+        if required_kwargs_filled != keyword_required_num
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_kwargs_mismatch)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Check if we need the arg0 splat handling of vm_callee_setup_block_arg
+      arg_setup_block = (calling.block_handler == :captured) # arg_setup_type: arg_setup_block (invokeblock)
+      block_arg0_splat = arg_setup_block && argc == 1 &&
+        (iseq.body.param.flags.has_lead || opt_num > 1) &&
+        !iseq.body.param.flags.ambiguous_param0
+      if block_arg0_splat
+        # If block_arg0_splat, we still need side exits after splat, but
+        # doing push_splat_args here disallows it. So bail out.
+        if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0 && !iseq_has_rest
+          asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_iseq_arg0_args_splat)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+        # The block_arg0_splat implementation is for the rb_simple_iseq_p case,
+        # but doing_kw_call means it's not a simple ISEQ.
+        if doing_kw_call
+          asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_iseq_arg0_has_kw)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+        # The block_arg0_splat implementation cannot deal with optional parameters.
+        # This is a setup_parameters_complex() situation and interacts with the
+        # starting position of the callee.
+        if opt_num > 1
+          asm.incr_counter(:invokeblock_iseq_arg0_optional)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+      end
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0 && !iseq_has_rest
+        array = jit.peek_at_stack(block_arg ? 1 : 0)
+        splat_array_length = if array.nil?
+          0
+        else
+          array.length
+        end
+
+        if opt_num == 0 && required_num != splat_array_length + argc - 1
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_splat_arity_error)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+      end
+
+      # We will not have CantCompile from here.
+
+      if block_arg
+        ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      end
+
+      if calling.block_handler == C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE && iseq.body.builtin_attrs & C::BUILTIN_ATTR_LEAF != 0
+        if jit_leaf_builtin_func(jit, ctx, asm, flags, iseq)
+          return KeepCompiling
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Number of locals that are not parameters
+      num_locals = iseq.body.local_table_size - num_params
+
+      # Stack overflow check
+      # Note that vm_push_frame checks it against a decremented cfp, hence the multiply by 2.
+      # #define CHECK_VM_STACK_OVERFLOW0(cfp, sp, margin)
+      asm.comment('stack overflow check')
+      locals_offs = C.VALUE.size * (num_locals + iseq.body.stack_max) + 2 * C.rb_control_frame_t.size
+      asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(locals_offs))
+      asm.cmp(CFP, :rax)
+      asm.jbe(counted_exit(side_exit(jit, ctx), :send_stackoverflow))
+
+      # push_splat_args does stack manipulation so we can no longer side exit
+      if splat_array_length
+        remaining_opt = (opt_num + required_num) - (splat_array_length + (argc - 1))
+
+        if opt_num > 0
+          # We are going to jump to the correct offset based on how many optional
+          # params are remaining.
+          offset = opt_num - remaining_opt
+          start_pc_offset = iseq.body.param.opt_table[offset]
+        end
+        # We are going to assume that the splat fills
+        # all the remaining arguments. In the generated code
+        # we test if this is true and if not side exit.
+        argc = argc - 1 + splat_array_length + remaining_opt
+        push_splat_args(splat_array_length, jit, ctx, asm)
+
+        remaining_opt.times do
+          # We need to push nil for the optional arguments
+          stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+          asm.mov(stack_ret, Qnil)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # This is a .send call and we need to adjust the stack
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        handle_opt_send_shift_stack(asm, argc, ctx, send_shift:)
+      end
+
+      if iseq_has_rest
+        # We are going to allocate so setting pc and sp.
+        jit_save_pc(jit, asm) # clobbers rax
+        jit_save_sp(ctx, asm)
+
+        if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+          non_rest_arg_count = argc - 1
+          # We start by dupping the array because someone else might have
+          # a reference to it.
+          array = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+          asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], array)
+          asm.call(C.rb_ary_dup)
+          array = C_RET
+          if non_rest_arg_count > required_num
+            # If we have more arguments than required, we need to prepend
+            # the items from the stack onto the array.
+            diff = (non_rest_arg_count - required_num)
+
+            # diff is >0 so no need to worry about null pointer
+            asm.comment('load pointer to array elements')
+            offset_magnitude = C.VALUE.size * diff
+            values_opnd = ctx.sp_opnd(-offset_magnitude)
+            values_ptr = :rcx
+            asm.lea(values_ptr, values_opnd)
+
+            asm.comment('prepend stack values to rest array')
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], diff)
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], values_ptr)
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], array)
+            asm.call(C.rb_ary_unshift_m)
+            ctx.stack_pop(diff)
+
+            stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+            asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+            # We now should have the required arguments
+            # and an array of all the rest arguments
+            argc = required_num + 1
+          elsif non_rest_arg_count < required_num
+            # If we have fewer arguments than required, we need to take some
+            # from the array and move them to the stack.
+            diff = (required_num - non_rest_arg_count)
+            # This moves the arguments onto the stack. But it doesn't modify the array.
+            move_rest_args_to_stack(array, diff, jit, ctx, asm)
+
+            # We will now slice the array to give us a new array of the correct size
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], array)
+            asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], diff)
+            asm.call(C.rjit_rb_ary_subseq_length)
+            stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+            asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+            # We now should have the required arguments
+            # and an array of all the rest arguments
+            argc = required_num + 1
+          else
+            # The arguments are equal so we can just push to the stack
+            assert_equal(non_rest_arg_count, required_num)
+            stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+            asm.mov(stack_ret, array)
+          end
+        else
+          assert_equal(true, argc >= required_num)
+          n = (argc - required_num)
+          argc = required_num + 1
+          # If n is 0, then elts is never going to be read, so we can just pass null
+          if n == 0
+            values_ptr = 0
+          else
+            asm.comment('load pointer to array elements')
+            offset_magnitude = C.VALUE.size * n
+            values_opnd = ctx.sp_opnd(-offset_magnitude)
+            values_ptr = :rcx
+            asm.lea(values_ptr, values_opnd)
+          end
+
+          asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+          asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], n)
+          asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], values_ptr)
+          asm.call(C.rb_ec_ary_new_from_values)
+
+          ctx.stack_pop(n)
+          stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::TArray)
+          asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+        end
+      end
+
+      if doing_kw_call
+        # Here we're calling a method with keyword arguments and specifying
+        # keyword arguments at this call site.
+
+        # Number of positional arguments the callee expects before the first
+        # keyword argument
+        args_before_kw = required_num + opt_num
+
+        # This struct represents the metadata about the caller-specified
+        # keyword arguments.
+        ci_kwarg = calling.kwarg
+        caller_keyword_len = if ci_kwarg.nil?
+          0
+        else
+          ci_kwarg.keyword_len
+        end
+
+        # This struct represents the metadata about the callee-specified
+        # keyword parameters.
+        keyword = iseq.body.param.keyword
+
+        asm.comment('keyword args')
+
+        # This is the list of keyword arguments that the callee specified
+        # in its initial declaration.
+        callee_kwargs = keyword.table
+        total_kwargs = keyword.num
+
+        # Here we're going to build up a list of the IDs that correspond to
+        # the caller-specified keyword arguments. If they're not in the
+        # same order as the order specified in the callee declaration, then
+        # we're going to need to generate some code to swap values around
+        # on the stack.
+        caller_kwargs = []
+
+        caller_keyword_len.times do |kwarg_idx|
+          sym = C.to_ruby(ci_kwarg[:keywords][kwarg_idx])
+          caller_kwargs << C.rb_sym2id(sym)
+        end
+        kwarg_idx = caller_keyword_len
+
+        unspecified_bits = 0
+
+        keyword_required_num = keyword.required_num
+        (keyword_required_num...total_kwargs).each do |callee_idx|
+          already_passed = false
+          callee_kwarg = callee_kwargs[callee_idx]
+
+          caller_keyword_len.times do |caller_idx|
+            if caller_kwargs[caller_idx] == callee_kwarg
+              already_passed = true
+              break
+            end
+          end
+
+          unless already_passed
+            # Reserve space on the stack for each default value we'll be
+            # filling in (which is done in the next loop). Also increments
+            # argc so that the callee's SP is recorded correctly.
+            argc += 1
+            default_arg = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+
+            # callee_idx - keyword->required_num is used in a couple of places below.
+            req_num = keyword.required_num
+            extra_args = callee_idx - req_num
+
+            # VALUE default_value = keyword->default_values[callee_idx - keyword->required_num];
+            default_value = keyword.default_values[extra_args]
+
+            if default_value == Qundef
+              # Qundef means that this value is not constant and must be
+              # recalculated at runtime, so we record it in unspecified_bits
+              # (Qnil is then used as a placeholder instead of Qundef).
+              unspecified_bits |= 0x01 << extra_args
+              default_value = Qnil
+            end
+
+            asm.mov(:rax, default_value)
+            asm.mov(default_arg, :rax)
+
+            caller_kwargs[kwarg_idx] = callee_kwarg
+            kwarg_idx += 1
+          end
+        end
+
+        assert_equal(kwarg_idx, total_kwargs)
+
+        # Next, we're going to loop through every keyword that was
+        # specified by the caller and make sure that it's in the correct
+        # place. If it's not we're going to swap it around with another one.
+        total_kwargs.times do |kwarg_idx|
+          callee_kwarg = callee_kwargs[kwarg_idx]
+
+          # If the argument is already in the right order, then we don't
+          # need to generate any code since the expected value is already
+          # in the right place on the stack.
+          if callee_kwarg == caller_kwargs[kwarg_idx]
+            next
+          end
+
+          # In this case the argument is not in the right place, so we
+          # need to find its position where it _should_ be and swap with
+          # that location.
+          ((kwarg_idx + 1)...total_kwargs).each do |swap_idx|
+            if callee_kwarg == caller_kwargs[swap_idx]
+              # First we're going to generate the code that is going
+              # to perform the actual swapping at runtime.
+              offset0 = argc - 1 - swap_idx - args_before_kw
+              offset1 = argc - 1 - kwarg_idx - args_before_kw
+              stack_swap(jit, ctx, asm, offset0, offset1)
+
+              # Next we're going to do some bookkeeping on our end so
+              # that we know the order that the arguments are
+              # actually in now.
+              caller_kwargs[kwarg_idx], caller_kwargs[swap_idx] =
+                caller_kwargs[swap_idx], caller_kwargs[kwarg_idx]
+
+              break
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Keyword arguments cause a special extra local variable to be
+        # pushed onto the stack that represents the parameters that weren't
+        # explicitly given a value and have a non-constant default.
+        asm.mov(ctx.stack_opnd(-1), C.to_value(unspecified_bits))
+      end
+
+      # Same as vm_callee_setup_block_arg_arg0_check and vm_callee_setup_block_arg_arg0_splat
+      # on vm_callee_setup_block_arg for arg_setup_block. This is done after CALLER_SETUP_ARG
+      # and CALLER_REMOVE_EMPTY_KW_SPLAT, so this implementation is put here. This may need
+      # side exits, so you still need to allow side exits here if block_arg0_splat is true.
+      # Note that you can't have side exits after this arg0 splat.
+      if block_arg0_splat
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_iseq_block_arg0_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Create a context for the callee
+      callee_ctx = Context.new
+
+      # Set the argument types in the callee's context
+      argc.times do |arg_idx|
+        stack_offs = argc - arg_idx - 1
+        arg_type = ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[stack_offs])
+        callee_ctx.set_local_type(arg_idx, arg_type)
+      end
+
+      recv_type = if calling.block_handler == :captured
+        Type::Unknown # we don't track the type information of captured->self for now
+      else
+        ctx.get_opnd_type(StackOpnd[argc])
+      end
+      callee_ctx.upgrade_opnd_type(SelfOpnd, recv_type)
+
+      # Setup the new frame
+      frame_type ||= C::VM_FRAME_MAGIC_METHOD | C::VM_ENV_FLAG_LOCAL
+      jit_push_frame(
+        jit, ctx, asm, cme, flags, argc, frame_type, calling.block_handler,
+        iseq:       iseq,
+        local_size: num_locals,
+        stack_max:  iseq.body.stack_max,
+        prev_ep:,
+        doing_kw_call:,
+      )
+
+      # Directly jump to the entry point of the callee
+      pc = (iseq.body.iseq_encoded + start_pc_offset).to_i
+      jit_direct_jump(iseq, pc, callee_ctx, asm)
+
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    def jit_leaf_builtin_func(jit, ctx, asm, flags, iseq)
+      builtin_func = builtin_function(iseq)
+      if builtin_func.nil?
+        return false
+      end
+
+      # this is a .send call not currently supported for builtins
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        return false
+      end
+
+      builtin_argc = builtin_func.argc
+      if builtin_argc + 1 >= C_ARGS.size
+        return false
+      end
+
+      asm.comment('inlined leaf builtin')
+
+      # Skip this if it doesn't trigger GC
+      if iseq.body.builtin_attrs & C::BUILTIN_ATTR_NO_GC == 0
+        # The callee may allocate, e.g. Integer#abs on a Bignum.
+        # Save SP for GC, save PC for allocation tracing, and prepare
+        # for global invalidation after GC's VM lock contention.
+        jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+
+      # Call the builtin func (ec, recv, arg1, arg2, ...)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], EC)
+
+      # Copy self and arguments
+      (0..builtin_argc).each do |i|
+        stack_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(builtin_argc - i)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[i + 1], stack_opnd)
+      end
+      ctx.stack_pop(builtin_argc + 1)
+      asm.call(builtin_func.func_ptr)
+
+      # Push the return value
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+      return true
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_cfunc
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_cfunc(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class: nil)
+      argc = calling.argc
+      flags = calling.flags
+
+      cfunc = cme.def.body.cfunc
+      cfunc_argc = cfunc.argc
+
+      # If the function expects a Ruby array of arguments
+      if cfunc_argc < 0 && cfunc_argc != -1
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_cfunc_ruby_array_varg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # We aren't handling a vararg cfuncs with splat currently.
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0 && cfunc_argc == -1
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_args_splat_cfunc_var_args)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_ZSUPER != 0
+        # zsuper methods are super calls without any arguments.
+        # They are also marked as splat, but don't actually have an array
+        # they pull arguments from, instead we need to change to call
+        # a different method with the current stack.
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_args_splat_cfunc_zuper)
+        return CantCompile;
+      end
+
+      # In order to handle backwards compatibility between ruby 3 and 2
+      # ruby2_keywords was introduced. It is called only on methods
+      # with splat and changes they way they handle them.
+      # We are just going to not compile these.
+      # https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.2/Module.html#method-i-ruby2_keywords
+      if jit.iseq.body.param.flags.ruby2_keywords && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_args_splat_cfunc_ruby2_keywords)
+        return CantCompile;
+      end
+
+      kw_arg = calling.kwarg
+      kw_arg_num = if kw_arg.nil?
+        0
+      else
+        kw_arg.keyword_len
+      end
+
+      if kw_arg_num != 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_cfunc_splat_with_kw)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if c_method_tracing_currently_enabled?
+        # Don't JIT if tracing c_call or c_return
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_cfunc_tracing)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Delegate to codegen for C methods if we have it.
+      if kw_arg.nil? && flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND == 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT == 0 && (cfunc_argc == -1 || argc == cfunc_argc)
+        known_cfunc_codegen = lookup_cfunc_codegen(cme.def)
+        if known_cfunc_codegen&.call(jit, ctx, asm, argc, known_recv_class)
+          # cfunc codegen generated code. Terminate the block so
+          # there isn't multiple calls in the same block.
+          jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+          return EndBlock
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Check for interrupts
+      jit_check_ints(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Stack overflow check
+      # #define CHECK_VM_STACK_OVERFLOW0(cfp, sp, margin)
+      # REG_CFP <= REG_SP + 4 * SIZEOF_VALUE + sizeof(rb_control_frame_t)
+      asm.comment('stack overflow check')
+      asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(C.VALUE.size * 4 + 2 * C.rb_control_frame_t.size))
+      asm.cmp(CFP, :rax)
+      asm.jbe(counted_exit(side_exit(jit, ctx), :send_stackoverflow))
+
+      # Number of args which will be passed through to the callee
+      # This is adjusted by the kwargs being combined into a hash.
+      passed_argc = if kw_arg.nil?
+        argc
+      else
+        argc - kw_arg_num + 1
+      end
+
+      # If the argument count doesn't match
+      if cfunc_argc >= 0 && cfunc_argc != passed_argc && flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT == 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_cfunc_argc_mismatch)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # Don't JIT functions that need C stack arguments for now
+      if cfunc_argc >= 0 && passed_argc + 1 > C_ARGS.size
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_cfunc_toomany_args)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      block_arg = flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+
+      # Guard block_arg_type
+      if guard_block_arg(jit, ctx, asm, calling) == CantCompile
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if block_arg
+        ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      end
+
+      # push_splat_args does stack manipulation so we can no longer side exit
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        assert_equal(true, cfunc_argc >= 0)
+        required_args = cfunc_argc - (argc - 1)
+        # + 1 because we pass self
+        if required_args + 1 >= C_ARGS.size
+          asm.incr_counter(:send_cfunc_toomany_args)
+          return CantCompile
+        end
+
+        # We are going to assume that the splat fills
+        # all the remaining arguments. So the number of args
+        # should just equal the number of args the cfunc takes.
+        # In the generated code we test if this is true
+        # and if not side exit.
+        argc = cfunc_argc
+        passed_argc = argc
+        push_splat_args(required_args, jit, ctx, asm)
+      end
+
+      # This is a .send call and we need to adjust the stack
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        handle_opt_send_shift_stack(asm, argc, ctx, send_shift: calling.send_shift)
+      end
+
+      # Points to the receiver operand on the stack
+
+      # Store incremented PC into current control frame in case callee raises.
+      jit_save_pc(jit, asm)
+
+      # Increment the stack pointer by 3 (in the callee)
+      # sp += 3
+
+      frame_type = C::VM_FRAME_MAGIC_CFUNC | C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_CFRAME | C::VM_ENV_FLAG_LOCAL
+      if kw_arg
+        frame_type |= C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_CFRAME_KW
+      end
+
+      jit_push_frame(jit, ctx, asm, cme, flags, argc, frame_type, calling.block_handler)
+
+      if kw_arg
+        # Build a hash from all kwargs passed
+        asm.comment('build_kwhash')
+        imemo_ci = calling.ci_addr
+        # we assume all callinfos with kwargs are on the GC heap
+        assert_equal(true, C.imemo_type_p(imemo_ci, C.imemo_callinfo))
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], imemo_ci)
+        asm.lea(C_ARGS[1], ctx.sp_opnd(0))
+        asm.call(C.rjit_build_kwhash)
+
+        # Replace the stack location at the start of kwargs with the new hash
+        stack_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(argc - passed_argc)
+        asm.mov(stack_opnd, C_RET)
+      end
+
+      # Copy SP because REG_SP will get overwritten
+      sp = :rax
+      asm.lea(sp, ctx.sp_opnd(0))
+
+      # Pop the C function arguments from the stack (in the caller)
+      ctx.stack_pop(argc + 1)
+
+      # Write interpreter SP into CFP.
+      # Needed in case the callee yields to the block.
+      jit_save_sp(ctx, asm)
+
+      # Non-variadic method
+      case cfunc_argc
+      in (0..) # Non-variadic method
+        # Copy the arguments from the stack to the C argument registers
+        # self is the 0th argument and is at index argc from the stack top
+        (0..passed_argc).each do |i|
+          asm.mov(C_ARGS[i], [sp, -(argc + 1 - i) * C.VALUE.size])
+        end
+      in -1 # Variadic method: rb_f_puts(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
+        # The method gets a pointer to the first argument
+        # rb_f_puts(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], passed_argc)
+        asm.lea(C_ARGS[1], [sp, -argc * C.VALUE.size]) # argv
+        asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], [sp, -(argc + 1) * C.VALUE.size]) # recv
+      end
+
+      # Call the C function
+      # VALUE ret = (cfunc->func)(recv, argv[0], argv[1]);
+      # cfunc comes from compile-time cme->def, which we assume to be stable.
+      # Invalidation logic is in yjit_method_lookup_change()
+      asm.comment('call C function')
+      asm.mov(:rax, cfunc.func)
+      asm.call(:rax) # TODO: use rel32 if close enough
+
+      # Record code position for TracePoint patching. See full_cfunc_return().
+      Invariants.record_global_inval_patch(asm, full_cfunc_return)
+
+      # Push the return value on the Ruby stack
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+
+      # Pop the stack frame (ec->cfp++)
+      # Instead of recalculating, we can reuse the previous CFP, which is stored in a callee-saved
+      # register
+      asm.mov([EC, C.rb_execution_context_t.offsetof(:cfp)], CFP)
+
+      # cfunc calls may corrupt types
+      ctx.clear_local_types
+
+      # Note: the return block of jit_call_iseq has ctx->sp_offset == 1
+      # which allows for sharing the same successor.
+
+      # Jump (fall through) to the call continuation block
+      # We do this to end the current block after the call
+      assert_equal(1, ctx.sp_offset)
+      jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_attrset
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_attrset(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, comptime_recv, recv_opnd)
+      argc = calling.argc
+      flags = calling.flags
+      send_shift = calling.send_shift
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_attrset_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_KWARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_attrset_kwarg)
+        return CantCompile
+      elsif argc != 1 || !C.RB_TYPE_P(comptime_recv, C::RUBY_T_OBJECT)
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_attrset_method)
+        return CantCompile
+      elsif c_method_tracing_currently_enabled?
+        # Can't generate code for firing c_call and c_return events
+        # See :attr-tracing:
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_c_tracingg)
+        return CantCompile
+      elsif flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_block_arg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      ivar_name = cme.def.body.attr.id
+
+      # This is a .send call and we need to adjust the stack
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        handle_opt_send_shift_stack(asm, argc, ctx, send_shift:)
+      end
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because the callee may allocate
+      # Note that this modifies REG_SP, which is why we do it first
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm)
+
+      # Get the operands from the stack
+      val_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+      recv_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      # Call rb_vm_set_ivar_id with the receiver, the ivar name, and the value
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], recv_opnd)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], ivar_name)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], val_opnd)
+      asm.call(C.rb_vm_set_ivar_id)
+
+      out_opnd = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(out_opnd, C_RET)
+
+      KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_ivar (+ part of vm_call_method_each_type)
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_ivar(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, comptime_recv, recv_opnd)
+      argc = calling.argc
+      flags = calling.flags
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_ivar_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if argc != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_arity)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # We don't support handle_opt_send_shift_stack for this yet.
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_ivar_opt_send)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      ivar_id = cme.def.body.attr.id
+
+      # Not handling block_handler
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_block_arg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      jit_getivar(jit, ctx, asm, comptime_recv, ivar_id, recv_opnd, StackOpnd[0])
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_bmethod
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_bmethod(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+      proc_addr = cme.def.body.bmethod.proc
+
+      proc_t = C.rb_yjit_get_proc_ptr(proc_addr)
+      proc_block = proc_t.block
+
+      if proc_block.type != C.block_type_iseq
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_bmethod_not_iseq)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      capture = proc_block.as.captured
+      iseq = capture.code.iseq
+
+      # TODO: implement this
+      # Optimize for single ractor mode and avoid runtime check for
+      # "defined with an un-shareable Proc in a different Ractor"
+      # if !assume_single_ractor_mode(jit, ocb)
+      #     return CantCompile;
+      # end
+
+      # Passing a block to a block needs logic different from passing
+      # a block to a method and sometimes requires allocation. Bail for now.
+      if calling.block_handler != C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_bmethod_blockarg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      jit_call_iseq(
+        jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, iseq,
+        frame_type: C::VM_FRAME_MAGIC_BLOCK | C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_BMETHOD | C::VM_FRAME_FLAG_LAMBDA,
+        prev_ep: capture.ep,
+      )
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_alias
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_alias(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+      cme = C.rb_aliased_callable_method_entry(cme)
+      jit_call_method_each_type(jit, ctx, asm, calling, cme, comptime_recv, recv_opnd, known_recv_class)
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_optimized
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_optimized(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class)
+      if calling.flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_BLOCKARG != 0
+        # Not working yet
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_block_arg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      case cme.def.body.optimized.type
+      in C::OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_SEND
+        jit_call_opt_send(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class)
+      in C::OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_CALL
+        jit_call_opt_call(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling.flags, calling.argc, calling.block_handler, known_recv_class, send_shift: calling.send_shift)
+      in C::OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_BLOCK_CALL
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_block_call)
+        return CantCompile
+      in C::OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_STRUCT_AREF
+        jit_call_opt_struct_aref(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling.flags, calling.argc, calling.block_handler, known_recv_class, send_shift: calling.send_shift)
+      in C::OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_STRUCT_ASET
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_struct_aset)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_opt_send
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_opt_send(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class)
+      if jit_caller_setup_arg(jit, ctx, asm, calling.flags) == CantCompile
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if calling.argc == 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_send_no_args)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      calling.argc -= 1
+      # We aren't handling `send(:send, ...)` yet. This might work, but not tested yet.
+      if calling.send_shift > 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_send_send)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+      # Lazily handle stack shift in handle_opt_send_shift_stack
+      calling.send_shift += 1
+
+      jit_call_symbol(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class, C::VM_CALL_FCALL)
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_opt_call
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_opt_call(jit, ctx, asm, cme, flags, argc, block_handler, known_recv_class, send_shift:)
+      if block_handler != C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_call_block)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_KWARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_call_kwarg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_call_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      # TODO: implement this
+      # Optimize for single ractor mode and avoid runtime check for
+      # "defined with an un-shareable Proc in a different Ractor"
+      # if !assume_single_ractor_mode(jit, ocb)
+      #   return CantCompile
+      # end
+
+      # If this is a .send call we need to adjust the stack
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        handle_opt_send_shift_stack(asm, argc, ctx, send_shift:)
+      end
+
+      # About to reset the SP, need to load this here
+      recv_idx = argc # blockarg is not supported. send_shift is already handled.
+      asm.mov(:rcx, ctx.stack_opnd(recv_idx)) # recv
+
+      # Save the PC and SP because the callee can make Ruby calls
+      jit_prepare_routine_call(jit, ctx, asm) # NOTE: clobbers rax
+
+      asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(0)) # sp
+
+      kw_splat = flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT
+
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], :rcx)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[1], EC)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[2], argc)
+      asm.lea(C_ARGS[3], [:rax, -argc * C.VALUE.size]) # stack_argument_pointer. NOTE: C_ARGS[3] is rcx
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[4], kw_splat)
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[5], C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE)
+      asm.call(C.rjit_optimized_call)
+
+      ctx.stack_pop(argc + 1)
+
+      stack_ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(stack_ret, C_RET)
+      return KeepCompiling
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_opt_struct_aref
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_opt_struct_aref(jit, ctx, asm, cme, flags, argc, block_handler, known_recv_class, send_shift:)
+      if argc != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_struct_aref_error)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      off = cme.def.body.optimized.index
+
+      recv_idx = argc # blockarg is not supported
+      recv_idx += send_shift
+      comptime_recv = jit.peek_at_stack(recv_idx)
+
+      # This is a .send call and we need to adjust the stack
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND != 0
+        handle_opt_send_shift_stack(asm, argc, ctx, send_shift:)
+      end
+
+      # All structs from the same Struct class should have the same
+      # length. So if our comptime_recv is embedded all runtime
+      # structs of the same class should be as well, and the same is
+      # true of the converse.
+      embedded = C::FL_TEST_RAW(comptime_recv, C::RSTRUCT_EMBED_LEN_MASK)
+
+      asm.comment('struct aref')
+      asm.mov(:rax, ctx.stack_pop(1)) # recv
+
+      if embedded
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.RStruct.offsetof(:as, :ary) + (C.VALUE.size * off)])
+      else
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.RStruct.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ptr)])
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.VALUE.size * off])
+      end
+
+      ret = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+      asm.mov(ret, :rax)
+
+      jump_to_next_insn(jit, ctx, asm)
+      EndBlock
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_opt_send (lazy part)
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def handle_opt_send_shift_stack(asm, argc, ctx, send_shift:)
+      # We don't support `send(:send, ...)` for now.
+      assert_equal(1, send_shift)
+
+      asm.comment('shift stack')
+      (0...argc).reverse_each do |i|
+        opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(i)
+        opnd2 = ctx.stack_opnd(i + 1)
+        asm.mov(:rax, opnd)
+        asm.mov(opnd2, :rax)
+      end
+
+      ctx.shift_stack(argc)
+    end
+
+    # vm_call_symbol
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_call_symbol(jit, ctx, asm, cme, calling, known_recv_class, flags)
+      flags |= C::VM_CALL_OPT_SEND | (calling.kw_splat ? C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT : 0)
+
+      comptime_symbol = jit.peek_at_stack(calling.argc)
+      if comptime_symbol.class != String && !static_symbol?(comptime_symbol)
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_send_not_sym_or_str)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      mid = C.get_symbol_id(comptime_symbol)
+      if mid == 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_optimized_send_null_mid)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      asm.comment("Guard #{comptime_symbol.inspect} is on stack")
+      class_changed_exit = counted_exit(side_exit(jit, ctx), :send_optimized_send_mid_class_changed)
+      jit_guard_known_klass(
+        jit, ctx, asm, C.rb_class_of(comptime_symbol), ctx.stack_opnd(calling.argc),
+        StackOpnd[calling.argc], comptime_symbol, class_changed_exit,
+      )
+      asm.mov(C_ARGS[0], ctx.stack_opnd(calling.argc))
+      asm.call(C.rb_get_symbol_id)
+      asm.cmp(C_RET, mid)
+      id_changed_exit = counted_exit(side_exit(jit, ctx), :send_optimized_send_mid_id_changed)
+      jit_chain_guard(:jne, jit, ctx, asm, id_changed_exit)
+
+      # rb_callable_method_entry_with_refinements
+      calling.flags = flags
+      cme, _ = jit_search_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling)
+      if cme == CantCompile
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_FCALL != 0
+        return jit_call_method(jit, ctx, asm, mid, calling, cme, known_recv_class)
+      end
+
+      raise NotImplementedError # unreachable for now
+    end
+
+    # vm_push_frame
+    #
+    # Frame structure:
+    # | args | locals | cme/cref | block_handler/prev EP | frame type (EP here) | stack bottom (SP here)
+    #
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_push_frame(jit, ctx, asm, cme, flags, argc, frame_type, block_handler, iseq: nil, local_size: 0, stack_max: 0, prev_ep: nil, doing_kw_call: nil)
+      # Save caller SP and PC before pushing a callee frame for backtrace and side exits
+      asm.comment('save SP to caller CFP')
+      recv_idx = argc # blockarg is already popped
+      recv_idx += (block_handler == :captured) ? 0 : 1 # receiver is not on stack when captured->self is used
+      if iseq
+        # Skip setting this to SP register. This cfp->sp will be copied to SP on leave insn.
+        asm.lea(:rax, ctx.sp_opnd(C.VALUE.size * -recv_idx)) # Pop receiver and arguments to prepare for side exits
+        asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)], :rax)
+      else
+        asm.lea(SP, ctx.sp_opnd(C.VALUE.size * -recv_idx))
+        asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)], SP)
+        ctx.sp_offset = recv_idx
+      end
+      jit_save_pc(jit, asm, comment: 'save PC to caller CFP')
+
+      sp_offset = ctx.sp_offset + 3 + local_size + (doing_kw_call ? 1 : 0) # callee_sp
+      local_size.times do |i|
+        asm.comment('set local variables') if i == 0
+        local_index = sp_offset + i - local_size - 3
+        asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * local_index], Qnil)
+      end
+
+      asm.comment('set up EP with managing data')
+      ep_offset = sp_offset - 1
+      # ep[-2]: cref_or_me
+      asm.mov(:rax, cme.to_i)
+      asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 2)], :rax)
+      # ep[-1]: block handler or prev env ptr (specval)
+      if prev_ep
+        asm.mov(:rax, prev_ep.to_i | 1) # tagged prev ep
+        asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 1)], :rax)
+      elsif block_handler == :captured
+        # Set captured->ep, saving captured in :rcx for captured->self
+        ep_reg = :rcx
+        jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg: ep_reg)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, [ep_reg, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]) # block_handler
+        asm.and(:rcx, ~0x3) # captured
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rcx, C.VALUE.size]) # captured->ep
+        asm.or(:rax, 0x1) # GC_GUARDED_PTR
+        asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 1)], :rax)
+      elsif block_handler == C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE
+        asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 1)], C::VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE)
+      elsif block_handler == C.rb_block_param_proxy
+        # vm_caller_setup_arg_block: block_code == rb_block_param_proxy
+        jit_get_lep(jit, asm, reg: :rax) # VM_CF_BLOCK_HANDLER: VM_CF_LEP
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rax, C.VALUE.size * C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]) # VM_CF_BLOCK_HANDLER: VM_ENV_BLOCK_HANDLER
+        asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:block_code)], :rax) # reg_cfp->block_code = handler
+        asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 1)], :rax) # return handler;
+      else # assume blockiseq
+        asm.mov(:rax, block_handler)
+        asm.mov([CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:block_code)], :rax)
+        asm.lea(:rax, [CFP, C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)]) # VM_CFP_TO_CAPTURED_BLOCK
+        asm.or(:rax, 1) # VM_BH_FROM_ISEQ_BLOCK
+        asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 1)], :rax)
+      end
+      # ep[-0]: ENV_FLAGS
+      asm.mov([SP, C.VALUE.size * (ep_offset - 0)], frame_type)
+
+      asm.comment('set up new frame')
+      cfp_offset = -C.rb_control_frame_t.size # callee CFP
+      # For ISEQ, JIT code will set it as needed. However, C func needs 0 there for svar frame detection.
+      if iseq.nil?
+        asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:pc)], 0)
+      end
+      asm.mov(:rax, iseq.to_i)
+      asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:iseq)], :rax)
+      if block_handler == :captured
+        asm.mov(:rax, [:rcx]) # captured->self
+      else
+        self_index = ctx.sp_offset - (1 + argc) # blockarg has been popped
+        asm.mov(:rax, [SP, C.VALUE.size * self_index])
+      end
+      asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:self)], :rax)
+      asm.lea(:rax, [SP, C.VALUE.size * ep_offset])
+      asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:ep)], :rax)
+      asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:block_code)], 0)
+      # Update SP register only for ISEQ calls. SP-relative operations should be done above this.
+      sp_reg = iseq ? SP : :rax
+      asm.lea(sp_reg, [SP, C.VALUE.size * sp_offset])
+      asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:sp)], sp_reg)
+
+      # cfp->jit_return is used only for ISEQs
+      if iseq
+        # The callee might change locals through Kernel#binding and other means.
+        ctx.clear_local_types
+
+        # Stub cfp->jit_return
+        return_ctx = ctx.dup
+        return_ctx.stack_pop(argc + ((block_handler == :captured) ? 0 : 1)) # Pop args and receiver. blockarg has been popped
+        return_ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown) # push callee's return value
+        return_ctx.sp_offset = 1 # SP is in the position after popping a receiver and arguments
+        return_ctx.chain_depth = 0
+        branch_stub = BranchStub.new(
+          iseq: jit.iseq,
+          shape: Default,
+          target0: BranchTarget.new(ctx: return_ctx, pc: jit.pc + jit.insn.len * C.VALUE.size),
+        )
+        branch_stub.target0.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+          @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(return_ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, true)
+          @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+        end
+        branch_stub.compile = compile_jit_return(branch_stub, cfp_offset:)
+        branch_stub.compile.call(asm)
+      end
+
+      asm.comment('switch to callee CFP')
+      # Update CFP register only for ISEQ calls
+      cfp_reg = iseq ? CFP : :rax
+      asm.lea(cfp_reg, [CFP, cfp_offset])
+      asm.mov([EC, C.rb_execution_context_t.offsetof(:cfp)], cfp_reg)
+    end
+
+    def compile_jit_return(branch_stub, cfp_offset:) # Proc escapes arguments in memory
+      proc do |branch_asm|
+        branch_asm.comment('set jit_return to callee CFP')
+        branch_asm.stub(branch_stub) do
+          case branch_stub.shape
+          in Default
+            branch_asm.mov(:rax, branch_stub.target0.address)
+            branch_asm.mov([CFP, cfp_offset + C.rb_control_frame_t.offsetof(:jit_return)], :rax)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # CALLER_SETUP_ARG: Return CantCompile if not supported
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def jit_caller_setup_arg(jit, ctx, asm, flags)
+      if flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0 && flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_args_splat_kw_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      elsif flags & C::VM_CALL_ARGS_SPLAT != 0
+        # splat is not supported in this path
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_args_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      elsif flags & C::VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_args_kw_splat)
+        return CantCompile
+      elsif flags & C::VM_CALL_KWARG != 0
+        asm.incr_counter(:send_kwarg)
+        return CantCompile
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Pushes arguments from an array to the stack. Differs from push splat because
+    # the array can have items left over.
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def move_rest_args_to_stack(array, num_args, jit, ctx, asm)
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      asm.comment('move_rest_args_to_stack')
+
+      # array is :rax
+      array_len_opnd = :rcx
+      jit_array_len(asm, array, array_len_opnd)
+
+      asm.comment('Side exit if length is less than required')
+      asm.cmp(array_len_opnd, num_args)
+      asm.jl(counted_exit(side_exit, :send_iseq_has_rest_and_splat_not_equal))
+
+      asm.comment('Push arguments from array')
+
+      # Load the address of the embedded array
+      # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.ary
+      array_reg = array
+
+      # Conditionally load the address of the heap array
+      # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.heap.ptr
+      flags_opnd = [array_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)]
+      asm.test(flags_opnd, C::RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG)
+      heap_ptr_opnd = [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ptr)]
+      # Load the address of the embedded array
+      # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.ary
+      ary_opnd = :rdx # NOTE: array :rax is used after move_rest_args_to_stack too
+      asm.lea(:rcx, [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :ary)])
+      asm.mov(ary_opnd, heap_ptr_opnd)
+      asm.cmovnz(ary_opnd, :rcx)
+
+      num_args.times do |i|
+        top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+        asm.mov(:rcx, [ary_opnd, i * C.VALUE.size])
+        asm.mov(top, :rcx)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # vm_caller_setup_arg_splat (+ CALLER_SETUP_ARG):
+    # Pushes arguments from an array to the stack that are passed with a splat (i.e. *args).
+    # It optimistically compiles to a static size that is the exact number of arguments needed for the function.
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def push_splat_args(required_args, jit, ctx, asm)
+      side_exit = side_exit(jit, ctx)
+
+      asm.comment('push_splat_args')
+
+      array_opnd = ctx.stack_opnd(0)
+      array_stack_opnd = StackOpnd[0]
+      array_reg = :rax
+      asm.mov(array_reg, array_opnd)
+
+      guard_object_is_array(jit, ctx, asm, array_reg, :rcx, array_stack_opnd, :send_args_splat_not_array)
+
+      array_len_opnd = :rcx
+      jit_array_len(asm, array_reg, array_len_opnd)
+
+      asm.comment('Side exit if length is not equal to remaining args')
+      asm.cmp(array_len_opnd, required_args)
+      asm.jne(counted_exit(side_exit, :send_args_splat_length_not_equal))
+
+      asm.comment('Check last argument is not ruby2keyword hash')
+
+      ary_opnd = :rcx
+      jit_array_ptr(asm, array_reg, ary_opnd) # clobbers array_reg
+
+      last_array_value = :rax
+      asm.mov(last_array_value, [ary_opnd, (required_args - 1) * C.VALUE.size])
+
+      ruby2_exit = counted_exit(side_exit, :send_args_splat_ruby2_hash);
+      guard_object_is_not_ruby2_keyword_hash(asm, last_array_value, :rcx, ruby2_exit) # clobbers :rax
+
+      asm.comment('Push arguments from array')
+      array_opnd = ctx.stack_pop(1)
+
+      if required_args > 0
+        # Load the address of the embedded array
+        # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.ary
+        array_reg = :rax
+        asm.mov(array_reg, array_opnd)
+
+        # Conditionally load the address of the heap array
+        # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.heap.ptr
+        flags_opnd = [array_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)]
+        asm.test(flags_opnd, C::RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG)
+        heap_ptr_opnd = [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ptr)]
+        # Load the address of the embedded array
+        # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.ary
+        asm.lea(:rcx, [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :ary)])
+        asm.mov(:rax, heap_ptr_opnd)
+        asm.cmovnz(:rax, :rcx)
+        ary_opnd = :rax
+
+        (0...required_args).each do |i|
+          top = ctx.stack_push(Type::Unknown)
+          asm.mov(:rcx, [ary_opnd, i * C.VALUE.size])
+          asm.mov(top, :rcx)
+        end
+
+        asm.comment('end push_each')
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Generate RARRAY_LEN. For array_opnd, use Opnd::Reg to reduce memory access,
+    # and use Opnd::Mem to save registers.
+    def jit_array_len(asm, array_reg, len_reg)
+      asm.comment('get array length for embedded or heap')
+
+      # Pull out the embed flag to check if it's an embedded array.
+      asm.mov(len_reg, [array_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)])
+
+      # Get the length of the array
+      asm.and(len_reg, C::RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MASK)
+      asm.sar(len_reg, C::RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_SHIFT)
+
+      # Conditionally move the length of the heap array
+      asm.test([array_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)], C::RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG)
+
+      # Select the array length value
+      asm.cmovz(len_reg, [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :heap, :len)])
+    end
+
+    # Generate RARRAY_CONST_PTR (part of RARRAY_AREF)
+    def jit_array_ptr(asm, array_reg, ary_opnd) # clobbers array_reg
+      asm.comment('get array pointer for embedded or heap')
+
+      flags_opnd = [array_reg, C.RBasic.offsetof(:flags)]
+      asm.test(flags_opnd, C::RARRAY_EMBED_FLAG)
+      # Load the address of the embedded array
+      # (struct RArray *)(obj)->as.ary
+      asm.mov(ary_opnd, [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :heap, :ptr)])
+      asm.lea(array_reg, [array_reg, C.RArray.offsetof(:as, :ary)]) # clobbers array_reg
+      asm.cmovnz(ary_opnd, array_reg)
+    end
+
+    def assert(cond)
+      assert_equal(cond, true)
+    end
+
+    def assert_equal(left, right)
+      if left != right
+        raise "'#{left.inspect}' was not '#{right.inspect}'"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def fixnum?(obj)
+      (C.to_value(obj) & C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG) == C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG
+    end
+
+    def flonum?(obj)
+      (C.to_value(obj) & C::RUBY_FLONUM_MASK) == C::RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG
+    end
+
+    def symbol?(obj)
+      static_symbol?(obj) || dynamic_symbol?(obj)
+    end
+
+    def static_symbol?(obj)
+      (C.to_value(obj) & 0xff) == C::RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG
+    end
+
+    def dynamic_symbol?(obj)
+      return false if C::SPECIAL_CONST_P(obj)
+      C.RB_TYPE_P(obj, C::RUBY_T_SYMBOL)
+    end
+
+    def shape_too_complex?(obj)
+      C.rb_shape_get_shape_id(obj) == C::OBJ_TOO_COMPLEX_SHAPE_ID
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+    def defer_compilation(jit, ctx, asm)
+      # Make a stub to compile the current insn
+      if ctx.chain_depth != 0
+        raise "double defer!"
+      end
+      ctx.chain_depth += 1
+      jit_direct_jump(jit.iseq, jit.pc, ctx, asm, comment: 'defer_compilation')
+    end
+
+    def jit_direct_jump(iseq, pc, ctx, asm, comment: 'jit_direct_jump')
+      branch_stub = BranchStub.new(
+        iseq:,
+        shape: Default,
+        target0: BranchTarget.new(ctx:, pc:),
+      )
+      branch_stub.target0.address = Assembler.new.then do |ocb_asm|
+        @exit_compiler.compile_branch_stub(ctx, ocb_asm, branch_stub, true)
+        @ocb.write(ocb_asm)
+      end
+      branch_stub.compile = compile_jit_direct_jump(branch_stub, comment:)
+      branch_stub.compile.call(asm)
+    end
+
+    def compile_jit_direct_jump(branch_stub, comment:) # Proc escapes arguments in memory
+      proc do |branch_asm|
+        branch_asm.comment(comment)
+        branch_asm.stub(branch_stub) do
+          case branch_stub.shape
+          in Default
+            branch_asm.jmp(branch_stub.target0.address)
+          in Next0
+            # Just write the block without a jump
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+    # @param ctx [RubyVM::RJIT::Context]
+    def side_exit(jit, ctx)
+      # We use the latest ctx.sp_offset to generate a side exit to tolerate sp_offset changes by jit_save_sp.
+      # However, we want to simulate an old stack_size when we take a side exit. We do that by adjusting the
+      # sp_offset because gen_outlined_exit uses ctx.sp_offset to move SP.
+      ctx = ctx.with_stack_size(jit.stack_size_for_pc)
+
+      jit.side_exit_for_pc[ctx.sp_offset] ||= Assembler.new.then do |asm|
+        @exit_compiler.compile_side_exit(jit.pc, ctx, asm)
+        @ocb.write(asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def counted_exit(side_exit, name)
+      asm = Assembler.new
+      asm.incr_counter(name)
+      asm.jmp(side_exit)
+      @ocb.write(asm)
+    end
+
+    def def_iseq_ptr(cme_def)
+      C.rb_iseq_check(cme_def.body.iseq.iseqptr)
+    end
+
+    def to_value(obj)
+      GC_REFS << obj
+      C.to_value(obj)
+    end
+
+    def full_cfunc_return
+      @full_cfunc_return ||= Assembler.new.then do |asm|
+        @exit_compiler.compile_full_cfunc_return(asm)
+        @ocb.write(asm)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def c_method_tracing_currently_enabled?
+      C.rb_rjit_global_events & (C::RUBY_EVENT_C_CALL | C::RUBY_EVENT_C_RETURN) != 0
+    end
+
+    # Return a builtin function if a given iseq consists of only that builtin function
+    def builtin_function(iseq)
+      opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave = INSNS.values.find { |i| i.name == :opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave }
+      leave = INSNS.values.find { |i| i.name == :leave }
+      if iseq.body.iseq_size == opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave.len + leave.len &&
+          C.rb_vm_insn_decode(iseq.body.iseq_encoded[0]) == opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave.bin &&
+          C.rb_vm_insn_decode(iseq.body.iseq_encoded[opt_invokebuiltin_delegate_leave.len]) == leave.bin
+        C.rb_builtin_function.new(iseq.body.iseq_encoded[1])
+      end
+    end
+
+    def build_calling(ci:, block_handler:)
+      CallingInfo.new(
+        argc: C.vm_ci_argc(ci),
+        flags: C.vm_ci_flag(ci),
+        kwarg: C.vm_ci_kwarg(ci),
+        ci_addr: ci.to_i,
+        send_shift: 0,
+        block_handler:,
+      )
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/invariants.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/invariants.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b061d1994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/invariants.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+require 'set'
+
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  class Invariants
+    class << self
+      # Called by RubyVM::RJIT::Compiler to lazily initialize this
+      # @param cb [CodeBlock]
+      # @param ocb [CodeBlock]
+      # @param compiler [RubyVM::RJIT::Compiler]
+      # @param exit_compiler [RubyVM::RJIT::ExitCompiler]
+      def initialize(cb, ocb, compiler, exit_compiler)
+        @cb = cb
+        @ocb = ocb
+        @compiler = compiler
+        @exit_compiler = exit_compiler
+        @bop_blocks = Set.new # TODO: actually invalidate this
+        @cme_blocks = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = Set.new }
+        @const_blocks = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = Set.new }
+        @patches = {}
+
+        # freeze # workaround a binding.irb issue. TODO: resurrect this
+      end
+
+      # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+      # @param klass [Integer]
+      # @param op [Integer]
+      def assume_bop_not_redefined(jit, klass, op)
+        return false unless C.BASIC_OP_UNREDEFINED_P(klass, op)
+
+        ensure_block_entry_exit(jit, cause: 'assume_bop_not_redefined')
+        @bop_blocks << jit.block
+        true
+      end
+
+      # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+      def assume_method_lookup_stable(jit, cme)
+        ensure_block_entry_exit(jit, cause: 'assume_method_lookup_stable')
+        @cme_blocks[cme.to_i] << jit.block
+      end
+
+      # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+      def assume_method_basic_definition(jit, klass, mid)
+        if C.rb_method_basic_definition_p(klass, mid)
+          cme = C.rb_callable_method_entry(klass, mid)
+          assume_method_lookup_stable(jit, cme)
+          true
+        else
+          false
+        end
+      end
+
+      def assume_stable_constant_names(jit, idlist)
+        (0..).each do |i|
+          break if (id = idlist[i]) == 0
+          @const_blocks[id] << jit.block
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @param asm [RubyVM::RJIT::Assembler]
+      def record_global_inval_patch(asm, target)
+        asm.pos_marker do |address|
+          if @patches.key?(address)
+            raise 'multiple patches in the same address'
+          end
+          @patches[address] = target
+        end
+      end
+
+      def on_cme_invalidate(cme)
+        @cme_blocks.fetch(cme.to_i, []).each do |block|
+          @cb.with_write_addr(block.start_addr) do
+            asm = Assembler.new
+            asm.comment('on_cme_invalidate')
+            asm.jmp(block.entry_exit)
+            @cb.write(asm)
+          end
+          # TODO: re-generate branches that refer to this block
+        end
+        @cme_blocks.delete(cme.to_i)
+      end
+
+      def on_constant_ic_update(iseq, ic, insn_idx)
+        # TODO: check multi ractor as well
+        if ic.entry.ic_cref
+          # No need to recompile the slowpath
+          return
+        end
+
+        pc = iseq.body.iseq_encoded + insn_idx
+        insn_name = Compiler.decode_insn(pc.*).name
+        if insn_name != :opt_getconstant_path && insn_name != :trace_opt_getconstant_path
+          raise 'insn_idx was not at opt_getconstant_path'
+        end
+        if ic.to_i != pc[1]
+          raise 'insn_idx + 1 was not at the updated IC'
+        end
+        @compiler.invalidate_blocks(iseq, pc.to_i)
+      end
+
+      def on_constant_state_changed(id)
+        @const_blocks.fetch(id, []).each do |block|
+          @compiler.invalidate_block(block)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def on_tracing_invalidate_all
+        invalidate_all
+      end
+
+      def on_update_references
+        # Give up. In order to support GC.compact, you'd have to update ISEQ
+        # addresses in BranchStub, etc. Ideally, we'd need to update moved
+        # pointers in JITed code here, but we just invalidate all for now.
+        invalidate_all
+      end
+
+      # @param jit [RubyVM::RJIT::JITState]
+      # @param block [RubyVM::RJIT::Block]
+      def ensure_block_entry_exit(jit, cause:)
+        block = jit.block
+        if block.entry_exit.nil?
+          block.entry_exit = Assembler.new.then do |asm|
+            @exit_compiler.compile_entry_exit(block.pc, block.ctx, asm, cause:)
+            @ocb.write(asm)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def invalidate_all
+        # On-Stack Replacement
+        @patches.each do |address, target|
+          # TODO: assert patches don't overlap each other
+          @cb.with_write_addr(address) do
+            asm = Assembler.new
+            asm.comment('on_tracing_invalidate_all')
+            asm.jmp(target)
+            @cb.write(asm)
+          end
+        end
+        @patches.clear
+
+        C.rjit_for_each_iseq do |iseq|
+          # Avoid entering past code
+          iseq.body.jit_entry = 0
+          # Avoid reusing past code
+          iseq.body.rjit_blocks.clear if iseq.body.rjit_blocks
+          # Compile this again if not converted to trace_* insns
+          iseq.body.jit_entry_calls = 0
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/jit_state.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/jit_state.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..02a713474e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/jit_state.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  class JITState < Struct.new(
+    :iseq,                        # @param `RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_iseq_t`
+    :pc,                          # @param [Integer] The JIT target PC
+    :cfp,                         # @param `RubyVM::RJIT::CPointer::Struct_rb_control_frame_t` The JIT source CFP (before RJIT is called)
+    :block,                       # @param [RubyVM::RJIT::Block]
+    :stack_size_for_pc,           # @param [Integer]
+    :side_exit_for_pc,            # @param [Hash{ Integer => Integer }] { sp_offset => address }
+    :record_boundary_patch_point, # @param [TrueClass,FalseClass]
+  )
+    def initialize(side_exit_for_pc: {}, record_boundary_patch_point: false, **) = super
+
+    def insn
+      Compiler.decode_insn(C.VALUE.new(pc).*)
+    end
+
+    def operand(index, signed: false, ruby: false)
+      addr = pc + (index + 1) * Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP
+      value = Fiddle::Pointer.new(addr)[0, Fiddle::SIZEOF_VOIDP].unpack(signed ? 'q' : 'Q')[0]
+      if ruby
+        value = C.to_ruby(value)
+      end
+      value
+    end
+
+    def at_current_insn?
+      pc == cfp.pc.to_i
+    end
+
+    def peek_at_local(n)
+      local_table_size = iseq.body.local_table_size
+      offset = -C::VM_ENV_DATA_SIZE - local_table_size + n + 1
+      value = (cfp.ep + offset).*
+      C.to_ruby(value)
+    end
+
+    def peek_at_stack(depth_from_top)
+      raise 'not at current insn' unless at_current_insn?
+      offset = -(1 + depth_from_top)
+      # rb_rjit_branch_stub_hit updates SP, so you don't need to worry about sp_offset
+      value = (cfp.sp + offset).*
+      C.to_ruby(value)
+    end
+
+    def peek_at_self
+      C.to_ruby(cfp.self)
+    end
+
+    def peek_at_block_handler(level)
+      ep = ep_at_level(cfp, level:)
+      ep[C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL]
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def ep_at_level(cfp, level:)
+      ep = cfp.ep
+      level.times do
+        # VM_ENV_PREV_EP
+        ep = C.VALUE.new(ep[C::VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL] & ~0x03)
+      end
+      ep
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/stats.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/stats.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e353c698e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/stats.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # Return a Hash for \RJIT statistics. \--rjit-stats makes more information available.
+  def self.runtime_stats
+    stats = {}
+
+    # Insn exits
+    INSNS.each_value do |insn|
+      exits = C.rjit_insn_exits[insn.bin]
+      if exits > 0
+        stats[:"exit_#{insn.name}"] = exits
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Runtime stats
+    C.rb_rjit_runtime_counters.members.each do |member|
+      stats[member] = C.rb_rjit_counters.public_send(member)
+    end
+    stats[:vm_insns_count] = C.rb_vm_insns_count
+
+    # Other stats are calculated here
+    stats[:side_exit_count] = stats.select { |name, _count| name.start_with?('exit_') }.sum(&:last)
+    if stats[:vm_insns_count] > 0
+      retired_in_rjit = stats[:rjit_insns_count] - stats[:side_exit_count]
+      stats[:total_insns_count] = retired_in_rjit + stats[:vm_insns_count]
+      stats[:ratio_in_rjit] = 100.0 * retired_in_rjit / stats[:total_insns_count]
+    else
+      stats.delete(:vm_insns_count)
+    end
+
+    stats
+  end
+
+  # :nodoc: all
+  class << self
+    private
+
+    # --yjit-stats at_exit
+    def print_stats
+      stats = runtime_stats
+      $stderr.puts("***RJIT: Printing RJIT statistics on exit***")
+
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'send_', prompt: 'method call exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'invokeblock_', prompt: 'invokeblock exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'invokesuper_', prompt: 'invokesuper exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'getblockpp_', prompt: 'getblockparamproxy exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'getivar_', prompt: 'getinstancevariable exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'setivar_', prompt: 'setinstancevariable exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'optaref_', prompt: 'opt_aref exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'optgetconst_', prompt: 'opt_getconstant_path exit reasons')
+      print_counters(stats, prefix: 'expandarray_', prompt: 'expandarray exit reasons')
+
+      $stderr.puts "compiled_block_count:  #{format_number(13, stats[:compiled_block_count])}"
+      $stderr.puts "side_exit_count:       #{format_number(13, stats[:side_exit_count])}"
+      $stderr.puts "total_insns_count:     #{format_number(13, stats[:total_insns_count])}" if stats.key?(:total_insns_count)
+      $stderr.puts "vm_insns_count:        #{format_number(13, stats[:vm_insns_count])}" if stats.key?(:vm_insns_count)
+      $stderr.puts "rjit_insns_count:      #{format_number(13, stats[:rjit_insns_count])}"
+      $stderr.puts "ratio_in_rjit:         #{format('%12.1f', stats[:ratio_in_rjit])}%" if stats.key?(:ratio_in_rjit)
+
+      print_exit_counts(stats)
+    end
+
+    def print_counters(stats, prefix:, prompt:)
+      $stderr.puts("#{prompt}: ")
+      counters = stats.filter { |key, _| key.start_with?(prefix) }
+      counters.filter! { |_, value| value != 0 }
+      counters.transform_keys! { |key| key.to_s.delete_prefix(prefix) }
+
+      if counters.empty?
+        $stderr.puts("    (all relevant counters are zero)")
+        return
+      end
+
+      counters = counters.to_a
+      counters.sort_by! { |(_, counter_value)| counter_value }
+      longest_name_length = counters.max_by { |(name, _)| name.length }.first.length
+      total = counters.sum { |(_, counter_value)| counter_value }
+
+      counters.reverse_each do |(name, value)|
+        percentage = value.fdiv(total) * 100
+        $stderr.printf("    %*s %s (%4.1f%%)\n", longest_name_length, name, format_number(10, value), percentage)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def print_exit_counts(stats, how_many: 20, padding: 2)
+      exits = stats.filter_map { |name, count| [name.to_s.delete_prefix('exit_'), count] if name.start_with?('exit_') }.to_h
+      return if exits.empty?
+
+      top_exits = exits.sort_by { |_name, count| -count }.first(how_many).to_h
+      total_exits = exits.values.sum
+      $stderr.puts "Top-#{top_exits.size} most frequent exit ops (#{format("%.1f", 100.0 * top_exits.values.sum / total_exits)}% of exits):"
+
+      name_width  = top_exits.map { |name, _count| name.length }.max + padding
+      count_width = top_exits.map { |_name, count| format_number(10, count).length }.max + padding
+      top_exits.each do |name, count|
+        ratio = 100.0 * count / total_exits
+        $stderr.puts "#{format("%#{name_width}s", name)}: #{format_number(count_width, count)} (#{format('%4.1f', ratio)}%)"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Format large numbers with comma separators for readability
+    def format_number(pad, number)
+      integer, decimal = number.to_s.split('.')
+      d_groups = integer.chars.reverse.each_slice(3)
+      with_commas = d_groups.map(&:join).join(',').reverse
+      [with_commas, decimal].compact.join('.').rjust(pad, ' ')
+    end
+
+    # --yjit-trace-exits at_exit
+    def dump_trace_exits
+      filename = "#{Dir.pwd}/rjit_exit_locations.dump"
+      File.binwrite(filename, Marshal.dump(exit_traces))
+      $stderr.puts("RJIT exit locations dumped to:\n#{filename}")
+    end
+
+    # Convert rb_rjit_raw_samples and rb_rjit_line_samples into a StackProf format.
+    def exit_traces
+      results = C.rjit_exit_traces
+      raw_samples = results[:raw].dup
+      line_samples = results[:lines].dup
+      frames = results[:frames].dup
+      samples_count = 0
+
+      # Loop through the instructions and set the frame hash with the data.
+      # We use nonexistent.def for the file name, otherwise insns.def will be displayed
+      # and that information isn't useful in this context.
+      RubyVM::INSTRUCTION_NAMES.each_with_index do |name, frame_id|
+        frame_hash = { samples: 0, total_samples: 0, edges: {}, name: name, file: "nonexistent.def", line: nil, lines: {} }
+        results[:frames][frame_id] = frame_hash
+        frames[frame_id] = frame_hash
+      end
+
+      # Loop through the raw_samples and build the hashes for StackProf.
+      # The loop is based off an example in the StackProf documentation and therefore
+      # this functionality can only work with that library.
+      #
+      # Raw Samples:
+      # [ length, frame1, frame2, frameN, ..., instruction, count
+      #
+      # Line Samples
+      # [ length, line_1, line_2, line_n, ..., dummy value, count
+      i = 0
+      while i < raw_samples.length
+        stack_length = raw_samples[i] + 1
+        i += 1 # consume the stack length
+
+        prev_frame_id = nil
+        stack_length.times do |idx|
+          idx += i
+          frame_id = raw_samples[idx]
+
+          if prev_frame_id
+            prev_frame = frames[prev_frame_id]
+            prev_frame[:edges][frame_id] ||= 0
+            prev_frame[:edges][frame_id] += 1
+          end
+
+          frame_info = frames[frame_id]
+          frame_info[:total_samples] += 1
+
+          frame_info[:lines][line_samples[idx]] ||= [0, 0]
+          frame_info[:lines][line_samples[idx]][0] += 1
+
+          prev_frame_id = frame_id
+        end
+
+        i += stack_length # consume the stack
+
+        top_frame_id = prev_frame_id
+        top_frame_line = 1
+
+        sample_count = raw_samples[i]
+
+        frames[top_frame_id][:samples] += sample_count
+        frames[top_frame_id][:lines] ||= {}
+        frames[top_frame_id][:lines][top_frame_line] ||= [0, 0]
+        frames[top_frame_id][:lines][top_frame_line][1] += sample_count
+
+        samples_count += sample_count
+        i += 1
+      end
+
+      results[:samples] = samples_count
+      # Set missed_samples and gc_samples to 0 as their values
+      # don't matter to us in this context.
+      results[:missed_samples] = 0
+      results[:gc_samples] = 0
+      results
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/type.rb b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/type.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..119692014b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ruby_vm/rjit/type.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+module RubyVM::RJIT
+  # Represent the type of a value (local/stack/self) in RJIT
+  Type = Data.define(:type) do
+    # Check if the type is an immediate
+    def imm?
+      case self
+      in Type::UnknownImm then true
+      in Type::Nil then true
+      in Type::True then true
+      in Type::False then true
+      in Type::Fixnum then true
+      in Type::Flonum then true
+      in Type::ImmSymbol then true
+      else false
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns true when the type is not specific.
+    def unknown?
+      case self
+      in Type::Unknown | Type::UnknownImm | Type::UnknownHeap then true
+      else false
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns true when we know the VALUE is a specific handle type,
+    # such as a static symbol ([Type::ImmSymbol], i.e. true from RB_STATIC_SYM_P()).
+    # Opposite of [Self::is_unknown].
+    def specific?
+      !self.unknown?
+    end
+
+    # Check if the type is a heap object
+    def heap?
+      case self
+      in Type::UnknownHeap then true
+      in Type::TArray then true
+      in Type::Hash then true
+      in Type::HeapSymbol then true
+      in Type::TString then true
+      in Type::CString then true
+      in Type::BlockParamProxy then true
+      else false
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Check if it's a T_ARRAY object
+    def array?
+      case self
+      in Type::TArray then true
+      else false
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Check if it's a T_STRING object (both TString and CString are T_STRING)
+    def string?
+      case self
+      in Type::TString then true
+      in Type::CString then true
+      else false
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the class if it is known, otherwise nil
+    def known_class
+      case self
+      in Type::Nil then C.rb_cNilClass
+      in Type::True then C.rb_cTrueClass
+      in Type::False then C.rb_cFalseClass
+      in Type::Fixnum then C.rb_cInteger
+      in Type::Flonum then C.rb_cFloat
+      in Type::ImmSymbol | Type::HeapSymbol then C.rb_cSymbol
+      in Type::CString then C.rb_cString
+      else nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns a boolean representing whether the value is truthy if known, otherwise nil
+    def known_truthy
+      case self
+      in Type::Nil then false
+      in Type::False then false
+      in Type::UnknownHeap then false
+      in Type::Unknown | Type::UnknownImm then nil
+      else true
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns a boolean representing whether the value is equal to nil if known, otherwise nil
+    def known_nil
+      case [self, self.known_truthy]
+      in Type::Nil, _ then true
+      in Type::False, _ then false # Qfalse is not nil
+      in _, true then false # if truthy, can't be nil
+      in _, _ then nil # otherwise unknown
+      end
+    end
+
+    def diff(dst)
+      # Perfect match, difference is zero
+      if self == dst
+        return TypeDiff::Compatible[0]
+      end
+
+      # Any type can flow into an unknown type
+      if dst == Type::Unknown
+        return TypeDiff::Compatible[1]
+      end
+
+      # A CString is also a TString.
+      if self == Type::CString && dst == Type::TString
+        return TypeDiff::Compatible[1]
+      end
+
+      # Specific heap type into unknown heap type is imperfect but valid
+      if self.heap? && dst == Type::UnknownHeap
+        return TypeDiff::Compatible[1]
+      end
+
+      # Specific immediate type into unknown immediate type is imperfect but valid
+      if self.imm? && dst == Type::UnknownImm
+        return TypeDiff::Compatible[1]
+      end
+
+      # Incompatible types
+      return TypeDiff::Incompatible
+    end
+
+    def upgrade(new_type)
+      assert(new_type.diff(self) != TypeDiff::Incompatible)
+      new_type
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def assert(cond)
+      unless cond
+        raise "'#{cond.inspect}' was not true"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This returns an appropriate Type based on a known value
+  class << Type
+    def from(val)
+      if C::SPECIAL_CONST_P(val)
+        if fixnum?(val)
+          Type::Fixnum
+        elsif val.nil?
+          Type::Nil
+        elsif val == true
+          Type::True
+        elsif val == false
+          Type::False
+        elsif static_symbol?(val)
+          Type::ImmSymbol
+        elsif flonum?(val)
+          Type::Flonum
+        else
+          raise "Illegal value: #{val.inspect}"
+        end
+      else
+        val_class = C.to_value(C.rb_class_of(val))
+        if val_class == C.rb_cString && C.rb_obj_frozen_p(val)
+          return Type::CString
+        end
+        if C.to_value(val) == C.rb_block_param_proxy
+          return Type::BlockParamProxy
+        end
+        case C::BUILTIN_TYPE(val)
+        in C::RUBY_T_ARRAY
+          Type::TArray
+        in C::RUBY_T_HASH
+          Type::Hash
+        in C::RUBY_T_STRING
+          Type::TString
+        else
+          Type::UnknownHeap
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def fixnum?(obj)
+      (C.to_value(obj) & C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG) == C::RUBY_FIXNUM_FLAG
+    end
+
+    def flonum?(obj)
+      (C.to_value(obj) & C::RUBY_FLONUM_MASK) == C::RUBY_FLONUM_FLAG
+    end
+
+    def static_symbol?(obj)
+      (C.to_value(obj) & 0xff) == C::RUBY_SYMBOL_FLAG
+    end
+  end
+
+  # List of types
+  Type::Unknown     = Type[:Unknown]
+  Type::UnknownImm  = Type[:UnknownImm]
+  Type::UnknownHeap = Type[:UnknownHeap]
+  Type::Nil         = Type[:Nil]
+  Type::True        = Type[:True]
+  Type::False       = Type[:False]
+  Type::Fixnum      = Type[:Fixnum]
+  Type::Flonum      = Type[:Flonum]
+  Type::Hash        = Type[:Hash]
+  Type::ImmSymbol   = Type[:ImmSymbol]
+  Type::HeapSymbol  = Type[:HeapSymbol]
+
+  Type::TString = Type[:TString] # An object with the T_STRING flag set, possibly an rb_cString
+  Type::CString = Type[:CString] # An un-subclassed string of type rb_cString (can have instance vars in some cases)
+  Type::TArray  = Type[:TArray]  # An object with the T_ARRAY flag set, possibly an rb_cArray
+
+  Type::BlockParamProxy = Type[:BlockParamProxy] # A special sentinel value indicating the block parameter should be read from
+
+  module TypeDiff
+    Compatible = Data.define(:diversion) # The smaller, the more compatible.
+    Incompatible = :Incompatible
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems.rb b/lib/rubygems.rb
index 915a899f38..9e9eca0182 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@
 require "rbconfig"
 
 module Gem
-  VERSION = "3.4.0.dev".freeze
+  VERSION = "3.5.9"
 end
 
 # Must be first since it unloads the prelude from 1.9.2
@@ -114,15 +115,6 @@ require_relative "rubygems/errors"
 module Gem
   RUBYGEMS_DIR = __dir__
 
-  # Taint support is deprecated in Ruby 2.7.
-  # This allows switching ".untaint" to ".tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)",
-  # to avoid deprecation warnings in Ruby 2.7.
-  UNTAINT = RUBY_VERSION < "2.7" ? :untaint.to_sym : proc {}
-
-  # When https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17259 is available, there is no need to override Kernel#warn
-  KERNEL_WARN_IGNORES_INTERNAL_ENTRIES = RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" ||
-                                         (RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby" && RUBY_VERSION >= "3.0")
-
   ##
   # An Array of Regexps that match windows Ruby platforms.
 
@@ -185,6 +177,8 @@ module Gem
 
   @default_source_date_epoch = nil
 
+  @discover_gems_on_require = true
+
   ##
   # Try to activate a gem containing +path+. Returns true if
   # activation succeeded or wasn't needed because it was already
@@ -212,7 +206,7 @@ module Gem
       end
     end
 
-    return true
+    true
   end
 
   def self.needs
@@ -340,16 +334,6 @@ module Gem
   end
 
   ##
-  # The path to the data directory specified by the gem name.  If the
-  # package is not available as a gem, return nil.
-
-  def self.datadir(gem_name)
-    spec = @loaded_specs[gem_name]
-    return nil if spec.nil?
-    spec.datadir
-  end
-
-  ##
   # A Zlib::Deflate.deflate wrapper
 
   def self.deflate(data)
@@ -440,7 +424,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
 
   def self.ensure_subdirectories(dir, mode, subdirs) # :nodoc:
     old_umask = File.umask
-    File.umask old_umask | 002
+    File.umask old_umask | 0o002
 
     options = {}
 
@@ -466,7 +450,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   # distinction as extensions cannot be shared between the two.
 
   def self.extension_api_version # :nodoc:
-    if "no" == RbConfig::CONFIG["ENABLE_SHARED"]
+    if RbConfig::CONFIG["ENABLE_SHARED"] == "no"
       "#{ruby_api_version}-static"
     else
       ruby_api_version
@@ -500,14 +484,14 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     # the spec dirs directly, so we prune.
     files.uniq! if check_load_path
 
-    return files
+    files
   end
 
   def self.find_files_from_load_path(glob) # :nodoc:
     glob_with_suffixes = "#{glob}#{Gem.suffix_pattern}"
     $LOAD_PATH.map do |load_path|
       Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir(glob_with_suffixes, load_path)
-    end.flatten.select {|file| File.file? file.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT) }
+    end.flatten.select {|file| File.file? file }
   end
 
   ##
@@ -535,7 +519,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     # the spec dirs directly, so we prune.
     files.uniq! if check_load_path
 
-    return files
+    files
   end
 
   ##
@@ -583,7 +567,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
 
   ##
   # The number of paths in the +$LOAD_PATH+ from activated gems. Used to
-  # prioritize +-I+ and +ENV['RUBYLIB']+ entries during +require+.
+  # prioritize +-I+ and <code>ENV['RUBYLIB']</code> entries during +require+.
 
   def self.activated_gem_paths
     @activated_gem_paths ||= 0
@@ -615,6 +599,16 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     @yaml_loaded = true
   end
 
+  @safe_marshal_loaded = false
+
+  def self.load_safe_marshal
+    return if @safe_marshal_loaded
+
+    require_relative "rubygems/safe_marshal"
+
+    @safe_marshal_loaded = true
+  end
+
   ##
   # The file name and line number of the caller of the caller of this method.
   #
@@ -743,7 +737,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
 
     if prefix != File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG["sitelibdir"]) &&
        prefix != File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG["libdir"]) &&
-       "lib" == File.basename(RUBYGEMS_DIR)
+       File.basename(RUBYGEMS_DIR) == "lib"
       prefix
     end
   end
@@ -759,13 +753,9 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   # Safely read a file in binary mode on all platforms.
 
   def self.read_binary(path)
-    open_file(path, "rb+") do |io|
-      io.read
-    end
+    open_file(path, "rb+", &:read)
   rescue Errno::EACCES, Errno::EROFS
-    open_file(path, "rb") do |io|
-      io.read
-    end
+    open_file(path, "rb", &:read)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -774,6 +764,10 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     open_file(path, "wb") do |io|
       io.write data
     end
+  rescue Errno::ENOSPC
+    # If we ran out of space but the file exists, it's *guaranteed* to be corrupted.
+    File.delete(path) if File.exist?(path)
+    raise
   end
 
   ##
@@ -806,7 +800,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     if @ruby.nil?
       @ruby = RbConfig.ruby
 
-      @ruby = "\"#{@ruby}\"" if @ruby =~ /\s/
+      @ruby = "\"#{@ruby}\"" if /\s/.match?(@ruby)
     end
 
     @ruby
@@ -822,7 +816,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   def self.env_requirement(gem_name)
     @env_requirements_by_name ||= {}
     @env_requirements_by_name[gem_name] ||= begin
-      req = ENV["GEM_REQUIREMENT_#{gem_name.upcase}"] || ">= 0".freeze
+      req = ENV["GEM_REQUIREMENT_#{gem_name.upcase}"] || ">= 0"
       Gem::Requirement.create(req)
     end
   end
@@ -853,8 +847,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   # Returns the version of the latest release-version of gem +name+
 
   def self.latest_version_for(name)
-    spec = latest_spec_for name
-    spec && spec.version
+    latest_spec_for(name)&.version
   end
 
   ##
@@ -864,7 +857,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     return @ruby_version if defined? @ruby_version
     version = RUBY_VERSION.dup
 
-    unless defined?(RUBY_PATCHLEVEL) && RUBY_PATCHLEVEL != -1
+    if RUBY_PATCHLEVEL == -1
       if RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby"
         desc = RUBY_DESCRIPTION[/\Aruby #{Regexp.quote(RUBY_VERSION)}([^ ]+) /, 1]
       else
@@ -912,7 +905,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   # Glob pattern for require-able path suffixes.
 
   def self.suffix_pattern
-    @suffix_pattern ||= "{#{suffixes.join(',')}}"
+    @suffix_pattern ||= "{#{suffixes.join(",")}}"
   end
 
   ##
@@ -946,8 +939,14 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
                      val = RbConfig::CONFIG[key]
                      next unless val && !val.empty?
                      ".#{val}"
-                   end,
-                  ].compact.uniq
+                   end].compact.uniq
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Suffixes for dynamic library require-able paths.
+
+  def self.dynamic_library_suffixes
+    @dynamic_library_suffixes ||= suffixes - [".rb"]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -961,7 +960,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
 
     elapsed = Time.now - now
 
-    ui.say "%2$*1$s: %3$3.3fs" % [-width, msg, elapsed] if display
+    ui.say format("%2$*1$s: %3$3.3fs", -width, msg, elapsed) if display
 
     value
   end
@@ -993,7 +992,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   def self.win_platform?
     if @@win_platform.nil?
       ruby_platform = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_os"]
-      @@win_platform = !!WIN_PATTERNS.find {|r| ruby_platform =~ r }
+      @@win_platform = !WIN_PATTERNS.find {|r| ruby_platform =~ r }.nil?
     end
 
     @@win_platform
@@ -1021,11 +1020,11 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
       # Skip older versions of the GemCutter plugin: Its commands are in
       # RubyGems proper now.
 
-      next if plugin =~ /gemcutter-0\.[0-3]/
+      next if /gemcutter-0\.[0-3]/.match?(plugin)
 
       begin
         load plugin
-      rescue ::Exception => e
+      rescue ScriptError, StandardError => e
         details = "#{plugin.inspect}: #{e.message} (#{e.class})"
         warn "Error loading RubyGems plugin #{details}"
       end
@@ -1087,8 +1086,6 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
       end
     end
 
-    path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
-
     unless File.file? path
       return unless raise_exception
 
@@ -1100,13 +1097,11 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     require "bundler"
     begin
       Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.use_ui(ui) do
-        begin
-          Bundler.ui.silence do
-            @gemdeps = Bundler.setup
-          end
-        ensure
-          Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.ui.close
+        Bundler.ui.silence do
+          @gemdeps = Bundler.setup
         end
+      ensure
+        Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.ui.close
       end
     rescue Bundler::BundlerError => e
       warn e.message
@@ -1152,7 +1147,7 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
   # This is used throughout RubyGems for enabling reproducible builds.
 
   def self.source_date_epoch
-    Time.at(self.source_date_epoch_string.to_i).utc.freeze
+    Time.at(source_date_epoch_string.to_i).utc.freeze
   end
 
   # FIX: Almost everywhere else we use the `def self.` way of defining class
@@ -1163,9 +1158,17 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     # RubyGems distributors (like operating system package managers) can
     # disable RubyGems update by setting this to error message printed to
     # end-users on gem update --system instead of actual update.
+
     attr_accessor :disable_system_update_message
 
     ##
+    # Whether RubyGems should enhance builtin `require` to automatically
+    # check whether the path required is present in installed gems, and
+    # automatically activate them and add them to `$LOAD_PATH`.
+
+    attr_accessor :discover_gems_on_require
+
+    ##
     # Hash of loaded Gem::Specification keyed by name
 
     attr_reader :loaded_specs
@@ -1213,9 +1216,16 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
     ##
     # Find a Gem::Specification of default gem from +path+
 
+    def find_default_spec(path)
+      @path_to_default_spec_map[path]
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Find an unresolved Gem::Specification of default gem from +path+
+
     def find_unresolved_default_spec(path)
       default_spec = @path_to_default_spec_map[path]
-      return default_spec if default_spec && loaded_specs[default_spec.name] != default_spec
+      default_spec if default_spec && loaded_specs[default_spec.name] != default_spec
     end
 
     ##
@@ -1293,8 +1303,8 @@ An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
 
   MARSHAL_SPEC_DIR = "quick/Marshal.#{Gem.marshal_version}/".freeze
 
-  autoload :BundlerVersionFinder, File.expand_path("rubygems/bundler_version_finder", __dir__)
   autoload :ConfigFile,         File.expand_path("rubygems/config_file", __dir__)
+  autoload :CIDetector,         File.expand_path("rubygems/ci_detector", __dir__)
   autoload :Dependency,         File.expand_path("rubygems/dependency", __dir__)
   autoload :DependencyList,     File.expand_path("rubygems/dependency_list", __dir__)
   autoload :Installer,          File.expand_path("rubygems/installer", __dir__)
@@ -1341,10 +1351,32 @@ begin
 rescue LoadError
 end
 
+# TruffleRuby >= 24 defines REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY in defaults/truffleruby.
+# However, TruffleRuby < 24 defines REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY directly in its copy
+# of lib/rubygems/platform.rb, so it is not defined if RubyGems is updated (gem update --system).
+# Instead, we define it here in that case, similar to bundler/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb.
+# We must define it here and not in platform.rb because platform.rb is loaded before defaults/truffleruby.
+class Gem::Platform
+  if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" && !defined?(REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY)
+    REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY = %w[libv8 libv8-node sorbet-static].freeze
+  end
+end
+
 ##
 # Loads the default specs.
 Gem::Specification.load_defaults
 
 require_relative "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem"
-require_relative "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require"
-require_relative "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn"
+
+path = File.join(__dir__, "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb")
+# When https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17259 is available, there is no need to override Kernel#warn
+if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" ||
+   RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby"
+  file = "<internal:#{path}>"
+else
+  require_relative "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn"
+  file = path
+end
+eval File.read(path), nil, file
+
+require ENV["BUNDLER_SETUP"] if ENV["BUNDLER_SETUP"] && !defined?(Bundler)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/available_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/available_set.rb
index 58b601f6b0..0af80cc3db 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/available_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/available_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Gem::AvailableSet
   include Enumerable
 
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ class Gem::AvailableSet
       s = o.set
     when Array
       s = o.map do |sp,so|
-        if !sp.kind_of?(Gem::Specification) || !so.kind_of?(Gem::Source)
+        if !sp.is_a?(Gem::Specification) || !so.is_a?(Gem::Source)
           raise TypeError, "Array must be in [[spec, source], ...] form"
         end
 
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ class Gem::AvailableSet
   end
 
   def all_specs
-    @set.map {|t| t.spec }
+    @set.map(&:spec)
   end
 
   def match_platform!
@@ -104,14 +105,14 @@ class Gem::AvailableSet
 
   def to_request_set(development = :none)
     request_set = Gem::RequestSet.new
-    request_set.development = :all == development
+    request_set.development = development == :all
 
     each_spec do |spec|
       request_set.always_install << spec
 
       request_set.gem spec.name, spec.version
       request_set.import spec.development_dependencies if
-        :shallow == development
+        development == :shallow
     end
 
     request_set
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ class Gem::AvailableSet
   end
 
   def remove_installed!(dep)
-    @set.reject! do |t|
+    @set.reject! do |_t|
       # already locally installed
       Gem::Specification.any? do |installed_spec|
         dep.name == installed_spec.name &&
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/basic_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/basic_specification.rb
index dcc64e6409..0380fceece 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/basic_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/basic_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # BasicSpecification is an abstract class which implements some common code
 # used by both Specification and StubSpecification.
@@ -75,15 +76,21 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
     elsif missing_extensions?
       @ignored = true
 
-      if Gem::Platform::RUBY == platform || Gem::Platform.local === platform
-        warn "Ignoring #{full_name} because its extensions are not built. " +
+      if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY || Gem::Platform.local === platform
+        warn "Ignoring #{full_name} because its extensions are not built. " \
              "Try: gem pristine #{name} --version #{version}"
       end
 
       return false
     end
 
-    have_file? file, Gem.suffixes
+    is_soext = file.end_with?(".so", ".o")
+
+    if is_soext
+      have_file? file.delete_suffix(File.extname(file)), Gem.dynamic_library_suffixes
+    else
+      have_file? file, Gem.suffixes
+    end
   end
 
   def default_gem?
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
   # Returns full path to the directory where gem's extensions are installed.
 
   def extension_dir
-    @extension_dir ||= File.expand_path(File.join(extensions_dir, full_name)).tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    @extension_dir ||= File.expand_path(File.join(extensions_dir, full_name))
   end
 
   ##
@@ -109,9 +116,7 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def find_full_gem_path # :nodoc:
     # TODO: also, shouldn't it default to full_name if it hasn't been written?
-    path = File.expand_path File.join(gems_dir, full_name)
-    path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
-    path
+    File.expand_path File.join(gems_dir, full_name)
   end
 
   private :find_full_gem_path
@@ -132,9 +137,9 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def full_name
     if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY || platform.nil?
-      "#{name}-#{version}".dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+      "#{name}-#{version}"
     else
-      "#{name}-#{version}-#{platform}".dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+      "#{name}-#{version}-#{platform}"
     end
   end
 
@@ -144,15 +149,15 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def full_require_paths
     @full_require_paths ||=
-    begin
-      full_paths = raw_require_paths.map do |path|
-        File.join full_gem_path, path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
-      end
+      begin
+        full_paths = raw_require_paths.map do |path|
+          File.join full_gem_path, path
+        end
 
-      full_paths << extension_dir if have_extensions?
+        full_paths << extension_dir if have_extensions?
 
-      full_paths
-    end
+        full_paths
+      end
   end
 
   ##
@@ -160,7 +165,7 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def datadir
     # TODO: drop the extra ", gem_name" which is uselessly redundant
-    File.expand_path(File.join(gems_dir, full_name, "data", name)).tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    File.expand_path(File.join(gems_dir, full_name, "data", name))
   end
 
   ##
@@ -170,18 +175,14 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
   def to_fullpath(path)
     if activated?
       @paths_map ||= {}
-      @paths_map[path] ||=
-      begin
-        fullpath = nil
-        suffixes = Gem.suffixes
-        suffixes.find do |suf|
-          full_require_paths.find do |dir|
-            File.file?(fullpath = "#{dir}/#{path}#{suf}")
-          end
-        end ? fullpath : nil
+      Gem.suffixes.each do |suf|
+        full_require_paths.each do |dir|
+          fullpath = "#{dir}/#{path}#{suf}"
+          next unless File.file?(fullpath)
+          @paths_map[path] ||= fullpath
+        end
       end
-    else
-      nil
+      @paths_map[path]
     end
   end
 
@@ -271,9 +272,9 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
   # Return all files in this gem that match for +glob+.
 
   def matches_for_glob(glob) # TODO: rename?
-    glob = File.join(self.lib_dirs_glob, glob)
+    glob = File.join(lib_dirs_glob, glob)
 
-    Dir[glob].map {|f| f.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT) } # FIX our tests are broken, run w/ SAFE=1
+    Dir[glob]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -288,17 +289,17 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
   # for this spec.
 
   def lib_dirs_glob
-    dirs = if self.raw_require_paths
-      if self.raw_require_paths.size > 1
-        "{#{self.raw_require_paths.join(',')}}"
+    dirs = if raw_require_paths
+      if raw_require_paths.size > 1
+        "{#{raw_require_paths.join(",")}}"
       else
-        self.raw_require_paths.first
+        raw_require_paths.first
       end
     else
       "lib" # default value for require_paths for bundler/inline
     end
 
-    "#{self.full_gem_path}/#{dirs}".dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    "#{full_gem_path}/#{dirs}"
   end
 
   ##
@@ -323,15 +324,19 @@ class Gem::BasicSpecification
     raise NotImplementedError
   end
 
-  def this; self; end
+  def this
+    self
+  end
 
   private
 
-  def have_extensions?; !extensions.empty?; end
+  def have_extensions?
+    !extensions.empty?
+  end
 
   def have_file?(file, suffixes)
     return true if raw_require_paths.any? do |path|
-      base = File.join(gems_dir, full_name, path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT), file).tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+      base = File.join(gems_dir, full_name, path, file)
       suffixes.any? {|suf| File.file? base + suf }
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/bundler_version_finder.rb b/lib/rubygems/bundler_version_finder.rb
index f6fad0bd83..dd2fd77418 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/bundler_version_finder.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/bundler_version_finder.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module Gem::BundlerVersionFinder
   end
 
   def self.bundle_update_bundler_version
-    return unless File.basename($0) == "bundle".freeze
+    return unless File.basename($0) == "bundle"
     return unless "update".start_with?(ARGV.first || " ")
     bundler_version = nil
     update_index = nil
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ module Gem::BundlerVersionFinder
 
   def self.lockfile_contents
     gemfile = ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"]
-    gemfile = nil if gemfile && gemfile.empty?
+    gemfile = nil if gemfile&.empty?
 
     unless gemfile
       begin
         Gem::Util.traverse_parents(Dir.pwd) do |directory|
-          next unless gemfile = Gem::GEM_DEP_FILES.find {|f| File.file?(f.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)) }
+          next unless gemfile = Gem::GEM_DEP_FILES.find {|f| File.file?(f) }
 
           gemfile = File.join directory, gemfile
           break
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ module Gem::BundlerVersionFinder
     return unless gemfile
 
     lockfile = case gemfile
-    when "gems.rb" then "gems.locked"
-    else "#{gemfile}.lock"
-    end.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+               when "gems.rb" then "gems.locked"
+               else "#{gemfile}.lock"
+    end
 
     return unless File.file?(lockfile)
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ci_detector.rb b/lib/rubygems/ci_detector.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a2d4ee29a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ci_detector.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem
+  module CIDetector
+    # NOTE: Any changes made here will need to be made to both lib/rubygems/ci_detector.rb and
+    # bundler/lib/bundler/ci_detector.rb (which are enforced duplicates).
+    # TODO: Drop that duplication once bundler drops support for RubyGems 3.4
+    #
+    # ## Recognized CI providers, their signifiers, and the relevant docs ##
+    #
+    # Travis CI   - CI, TRAVIS            https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#default-environment-variables
+    # Cirrus CI   - CI, CIRRUS_CI         https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#environment-variables
+    # Circle CI   - CI, CIRCLECI          https://circleci.com/docs/variables/#built-in-environment-variables
+    # Gitlab CI   - CI, GITLAB_CI         https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/
+    # AppVeyor    - CI, APPVEYOR          https://www.appveyor.com/docs/environment-variables/
+    # CodeShip    - CI_NAME               https://docs.cloudbees.com/docs/cloudbees-codeship/latest/pro-builds-and-configuration/environment-variables#_default_environment_variables
+    # dsari       - CI, DSARI             https://github.com/rfinnie/dsari#running
+    # Jenkins     - BUILD_NUMBER          https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/jenkinsfile/#using-environment-variables
+    # TeamCity    - TEAMCITY_VERSION      https://www.jetbrains.com/help/teamcity/predefined-build-parameters.html#Predefined+Server+Build+Parameters
+    # Appflow     - CI_BUILD_ID           https://ionic.io/docs/appflow/automation/environments#predefined-environments
+    # TaskCluster - TASKCLUSTER_ROOT_URL  https://docs.taskcluster.net/docs/manual/design/env-vars
+    # Semaphore   - CI, SEMAPHORE         https://docs.semaphoreci.com/ci-cd-environment/environment-variables/
+    # BuildKite   - CI, BUILDKITE         https://buildkite.com/docs/pipelines/environment-variables
+    # GoCD        - GO_SERVER_URL         https://docs.gocd.org/current/faq/dev_use_current_revision_in_build.html
+    # GH Actions  - CI, GITHUB_ACTIONS    https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/variables#default-environment-variables
+    #
+    # ### Some "standard" ENVs that multiple providers may set ###
+    #
+    # * CI - this is set by _most_ (but not all) CI providers now; it's approaching a standard.
+    # * CI_NAME - Not as frequently used, but some providers set this to specify their own name
+
+    # Any of these being set is a reasonably reliable indicator that we are
+    # executing in a CI environment.
+    ENV_INDICATORS = [
+      "CI",
+      "CI_NAME",
+      "CONTINUOUS_INTEGRATION",
+      "BUILD_NUMBER",
+      "CI_APP_ID",
+      "CI_BUILD_ID",
+      "CI_BUILD_NUMBER",
+      "RUN_ID",
+      "TASKCLUSTER_ROOT_URL",
+    ].freeze
+
+    # For each CI, this env suffices to indicate that we're on _that_ CI's
+    # containers. (A few of them only supply a CI_NAME variable, which is also
+    # nice). And if they set "CI" but we can't tell which one they are, we also
+    # want to know that - a bare "ci" without another token tells us as much.
+    ENV_DESCRIPTORS = {
+      "TRAVIS" => "travis",
+      "CIRCLECI" => "circle",
+      "CIRRUS_CI" => "cirrus",
+      "DSARI" => "dsari",
+      "SEMAPHORE" => "semaphore",
+      "JENKINS_URL" => "jenkins",
+      "BUILDKITE" => "buildkite",
+      "GO_SERVER_URL" => "go",
+      "GITLAB_CI" => "gitlab",
+      "GITHUB_ACTIONS" => "github",
+      "TASKCLUSTER_ROOT_URL" => "taskcluster",
+      "CI" => "ci",
+    }.freeze
+
+    def self.ci?
+      ENV_INDICATORS.any? {|var| ENV.include?(var) }
+    end
+
+    def self.ci_strings
+      matching_names = ENV_DESCRIPTORS.select {|env, _| ENV[env] }.values
+      matching_names << ENV["CI_NAME"].downcase if ENV["CI_NAME"]
+      matching_names.reject(&:empty?).sort.uniq
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/command.rb b/lib/rubygems/command.rb
index badc21023a..ec498a8b94 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/command.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
 # See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
 #++
 
-require_relative "optparse"
+require_relative "vendored_optparse"
 require_relative "requirement"
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 
@@ -19,9 +20,7 @@ require_relative "user_interaction"
 class Gem::Command
   include Gem::UserInteraction
 
-  Gem::OptionParser.accept Symbol do |value|
-    value.to_sym
-  end
+  Gem::OptionParser.accept Symbol, &:to_sym
 
   ##
   # The name of the command.
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ class Gem::Command
   # array or a string to be split on white space.
 
   def self.add_specific_extra_args(cmd,args)
-    args = args.split(/\s+/) if args.kind_of? String
+    args = args.split(/\s+/) if args.is_a? String
     specific_extra_args_hash[cmd] = args
   end
 
@@ -191,7 +190,7 @@ class Gem::Command
             "Please specify at least one gem name (e.g. gem build GEMNAME)"
     end
 
-    args.select {|arg| arg !~ /^-/ }
+    args.reject {|arg| arg.start_with?("-") }
   end
 
   ##
@@ -201,11 +200,15 @@ class Gem::Command
   # respectively.
   def get_all_gem_names_and_versions
     get_all_gem_names.map do |name|
-      if /\A(.*):(#{Gem::Requirement::PATTERN_RAW})\z/ =~ name
-        [$1, $2]
-      else
-        [name]
-      end
+      extract_gem_name_and_version(name)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def extract_gem_name_and_version(name) # :nodoc:
+    if /\A(.*):(#{Gem::Requirement::PATTERN_RAW})\z/ =~ name
+      [$1, $2]
+    else
+      [name]
     end
   end
 
@@ -223,7 +226,7 @@ class Gem::Command
 
     if args.size > 1
       raise Gem::CommandLineError,
-            "Too many gem names (#{args.join(', ')}); please specify only one"
+            "Too many gem names (#{args.join(", ")}); please specify only one"
     end
 
     args.first
@@ -311,7 +314,7 @@ class Gem::Command
     options[:build_args] = build_args
 
     if options[:silent]
-      old_ui = self.ui
+      old_ui = ui
       self.ui = ui = Gem::SilentUI.new
     end
 
@@ -393,22 +396,21 @@ class Gem::Command
 
   def check_deprecated_options(options)
     options.each do |option|
-      if option_is_deprecated?(option)
-        deprecation = @deprecated_options[command][option]
-        version_to_expire = deprecation["rg_version_to_expire"]
+      next unless option_is_deprecated?(option)
+      deprecation = @deprecated_options[command][option]
+      version_to_expire = deprecation["rg_version_to_expire"]
 
-        deprecate_option_msg = if version_to_expire
-          "The \"#{option}\" option has been deprecated and will be removed in Rubygems #{version_to_expire}."
-        else
-          "The \"#{option}\" option has been deprecated and will be removed in future versions of Rubygems."
-        end
+      deprecate_option_msg = if version_to_expire
+        "The \"#{option}\" option has been deprecated and will be removed in Rubygems #{version_to_expire}."
+      else
+        "The \"#{option}\" option has been deprecated and will be removed in future versions of Rubygems."
+      end
 
-        extra_msg = deprecation["extra_msg"]
+      extra_msg = deprecation["extra_msg"]
 
-        deprecate_option_msg += " #{extra_msg}" if extra_msg
+      deprecate_option_msg += " #{extra_msg}" if extra_msg
 
-        alert_warning(deprecate_option_msg)
-      end
+      alert_warning(deprecate_option_msg)
     end
   end
 
@@ -425,12 +427,10 @@ class Gem::Command
   # True if the command handles the given argument list.
 
   def handles?(args)
-    begin
-      parser.parse!(args.dup)
-      return true
-    rescue
-      return false
-    end
+    parser.parse!(args.dup)
+    true
+  rescue StandardError
+    false
   end
 
   ##
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ class Gem::Command
     until extra.empty? do
       ex = []
       ex << extra.shift
-      ex << extra.shift if extra.first.to_s =~ /^[^-]/ # rubocop:disable Performance/StartWith
+      ex << extra.shift if /^[^-]/.match?(extra.first.to_s)
       result << ex if handles?(ex)
     end
 
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ class Gem::Command
   private
 
   def option_is_deprecated?(option)
-    @deprecated_options[command].has_key?(option)
+    @deprecated_options[command].key?(option)
   end
 
   def add_parser_description # :nodoc:
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ class Gem::Command
 
     @parser.separator nil
     @parser.separator "  Description:"
-    formatted.split("\n").each do |line|
+    formatted.each_line do |line|
       @parser.separator "    #{line.rstrip}"
     end
   end
@@ -512,8 +512,8 @@ class Gem::Command
 
     @parser.separator nil
     @parser.separator "  #{title}:"
-    content.split(/\n/).each do |line|
-      @parser.separator "    #{line}"
+    content.each_line do |line|
+      @parser.separator "    #{line.rstrip}"
     end
   end
 
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ class Gem::Command
 
     @parser.separator nil
     @parser.separator "  Summary:"
-    wrap(@summary, 80 - 4).split("\n").each do |line|
+    wrap(@summary, 80 - 4).each_line do |line|
       @parser.separator "    #{line.strip}"
     end
   end
@@ -579,12 +579,12 @@ class Gem::Command
   # Add the options common to all commands.
 
   add_common_option("-h", "--help",
-                    "Get help on this command") do |value, options|
+                    "Get help on this command") do |_value, options|
     options[:help] = true
   end
 
   add_common_option("-V", "--[no-]verbose",
-                    "Set the verbose level of output") do |value, options|
+                    "Set the verbose level of output") do |value, _options|
     # Set us to "really verbose" so the progress meter works
     if Gem.configuration.verbose && value
       Gem.configuration.verbose = 1
@@ -593,12 +593,12 @@ class Gem::Command
     end
   end
 
-  add_common_option("-q", "--quiet", "Silence command progress meter") do |value, options|
+  add_common_option("-q", "--quiet", "Silence command progress meter") do |_value, _options|
     Gem.configuration.verbose = false
   end
 
   add_common_option("--silent",
-                    "Silence RubyGems output") do |value, options|
+                    "Silence RubyGems output") do |_value, options|
     options[:silent] = true
   end
 
@@ -624,13 +624,17 @@ class Gem::Command
 
   # :stopdoc:
 
-  HELP = <<-HELP.freeze
+  HELP = <<-HELP
 RubyGems is a package manager for Ruby.
 
   Usage:
     gem -h/--help
     gem -v/--version
-    gem command [arguments...] [options...]
+    gem [global options...] command [arguments...] [options...]
+
+  Global options:
+    -C PATH                      run as if gem was started in <PATH>
+                                 instead of the current working directory
 
   Examples:
     gem install rake
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/command_manager.rb b/lib/rubygems/command_manager.rb
index 9d49138ae7..8e578dc196 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/command_manager.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/command_manager.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
     :contents,
     :dependency,
     :environment,
+    :exec,
     :fetch,
     :generate_index,
     :help,
@@ -58,6 +60,7 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
     :push,
     :query,
     :rdoc,
+    :rebuild,
     :search,
     :server,
     :signin,
@@ -73,8 +76,8 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
   ].freeze
 
   ALIAS_COMMANDS = {
-    "i"      => "install",
-    "login"  => "signin",
+    "i" => "install",
+    "login" => "signin",
     "logout" => "signout",
   }.freeze
 
@@ -82,7 +85,7 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
   # Return the authoritative instance of the command manager.
 
   def self.instance
-    @command_manager ||= new
+    @instance ||= new
   end
 
   ##
@@ -97,14 +100,14 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
   # Reset the authoritative instance of the command manager.
 
   def self.reset
-    @command_manager = nil
+    @instance = nil
   end
 
   ##
   # Register all the subcommands supported by the gem command.
 
   def initialize
-    require "timeout"
+    require_relative "vendored_timeout"
     @commands = {}
 
     BUILTIN_COMMANDS.each do |name|
@@ -139,7 +142,7 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
   # Return a sorted list of all command names as strings.
 
   def command_names
-    @commands.keys.collect {|key| key.to_s }.sort
+    @commands.keys.collect(&:to_s).sort
   end
 
   ##
@@ -147,7 +150,7 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
 
   def run(args, build_args=nil)
     process_args(args, build_args)
-  rescue StandardError, Timeout::Error => ex
+  rescue StandardError, Gem::Timeout::Error => ex
     if ex.respond_to?(:detailed_message)
       msg = ex.detailed_message(highlight: false).sub(/\A(.*?)(?: \(.+?\))/) { $1 }
     else
@@ -175,14 +178,20 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
     when "-v", "--version" then
       say Gem::VERSION
       terminate_interaction 0
+    when "-C" then
+      args.shift
+      start_point = args.shift
+      if Dir.exist?(start_point)
+        Dir.chdir(start_point) { invoke_command(args, build_args) }
+      else
+        alert_error clean_text("#{start_point} isn't a directory.")
+        terminate_interaction 1
+      end
     when /^-/ then
       alert_error clean_text("Invalid option: #{args.first}. See 'gem --help'.")
       terminate_interaction 1
     else
-      cmd_name = args.shift.downcase
-      cmd = find_command cmd_name
-      cmd.deprecation_warning if cmd.deprecated?
-      cmd.invoke_with_build_args args, build_args
+      invoke_command(args, build_args)
     end
   end
 
@@ -193,7 +202,7 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
 
     if possibilities.size > 1
       raise Gem::CommandLineError,
-            "Ambiguous command #{cmd_name} matches [#{possibilities.join(', ')}]"
+            "Ambiguous command #{cmd_name} matches [#{possibilities.join(", ")}]"
     elsif possibilities.empty?
       raise Gem::UnknownCommandError.new(cmd_name)
     end
@@ -230,11 +239,19 @@ class Gem::CommandManager
         load_error = e
       end
       Gem::Commands.const_get(const_name).new
-    rescue Exception => e
+    rescue StandardError => e
       e = load_error if load_error
 
       alert_error clean_text("Loading command: #{command_name} (#{e.class})\n\t#{e}")
       ui.backtrace e
     end
   end
+
+  def invoke_command(args, build_args)
+    cmd_name = args.shift.downcase
+    cmd = find_command cmd_name
+    terminate_interaction 1 unless cmd
+    cmd.deprecation_warning if cmd.deprecated?
+    cmd.invoke_with_build_args args, build_args
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/build_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/build_command.rb
index accbd7e97d..2ec8324141 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/build_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/build_command.rb
@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
+require_relative "../gemspec_helpers"
 require_relative "../package"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 
 class Gem::Commands::BuildCommand < Gem::Command
   include Gem::VersionOption
+  include Gem::GemspecHelpers
 
   def initialize
     super "build", "Build a gem from a gemspec"
 
     add_platform_option
 
-    add_option "--force", "skip validation of the spec" do |value, options|
+    add_option "--force", "skip validation of the spec" do |_value, options|
       options[:force] = true
     end
 
-    add_option "--strict", "consider warnings as errors when validating the spec" do |value, options|
+    add_option "--strict", "consider warnings as errors when validating the spec" do |_value, options|
       options[:strict] = true
     end
 
@@ -26,6 +29,9 @@ class Gem::Commands::BuildCommand < Gem::Command
     add_option "-C PATH", "Run as if gem build was started in <PATH> instead of the current working directory." do |value, options|
       options[:build_path] = value
     end
+    deprecate_option "-C",
+                     version: "4.0",
+                     extra_msg: "-C is a global flag now. Use `gem -C PATH build GEMSPEC_FILE [options]` instead"
   end
 
   def arguments # :nodoc:
@@ -71,17 +77,6 @@ Gems can be saved to a specified filename with the output option:
 
   private
 
-  def find_gemspec(glob = "*.gemspec")
-    gemspecs = Dir.glob(glob).sort
-
-    if gemspecs.size > 1
-      alert_error "Multiple gemspecs found: #{gemspecs}, please specify one"
-      terminate_interaction(1)
-    end
-
-    gemspecs.first
-  end
-
   def build_gem
     gemspec = resolve_gem_name
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/cert_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/cert_command.rb
index 17b1d11b19..72dcf1dd17 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/cert_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/cert_command.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../security"
 
 class Gem::Commands::CertCommand < Gem::Command
   def initialize
     super "cert", "Manage RubyGems certificates and signing settings",
-          :add => [], :remove => [], :list => [], :build => [], :sign => []
+          add: [], remove: [], list: [], build: [], sign: []
 
     add_option("-a", "--add CERT",
                "Add a trusted certificate.") do |cert_file, options|
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::CertCommand < Gem::Command
   end
 
   def build(email)
-    if !valid_email?(email)
+    unless valid_email?(email)
       raise Gem::CommandLineError, "Invalid email address #{email}"
     end
 
@@ -177,9 +178,9 @@ class Gem::Commands::CertCommand < Gem::Command
 
     algorithm = options[:key_algorithm] || Gem::Security::DEFAULT_KEY_ALGORITHM
     key = Gem::Security.create_key(algorithm)
-    key_path = Gem::Security.write key, "gem-private_key.pem", 0600, passphrase
+    key_path = Gem::Security.write key, "gem-private_key.pem", 0o600, passphrase
 
-    return key, key_path
+    [key, key_path]
   end
 
   def certificates_matching(filter)
@@ -262,7 +263,6 @@ For further reading on signing gems see `ri Gem::Security`.
     key = File.read key_file
     passphrase = ENV["GEM_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSPHRASE"]
     options[:key] = OpenSSL::PKey.read key, passphrase
-
   rescue Errno::ENOENT
     alert_error \
       "--private-key not specified and ~/.gem/gem-private_key.pem does not exist"
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ For further reading on signing gems see `ri Gem::Security`.
     cert = File.read cert_file
     cert = OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new cert
 
-    permissions = File.stat(cert_file).mode & 0777
+    permissions = File.stat(cert_file).mode & 0o777
 
     issuer_cert = options[:issuer_cert]
     issuer_key = options[:key]
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/check_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/check_command.rb
index 4d1f8782b1..fb23dd9cb4 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/check_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/check_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 require_relative "../validator"
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::CheckCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "check", "Check a gem repository for added or missing files",
-          :alien => true, :doctor => false, :dry_run => false, :gems => true
+          alien: true, doctor: false, dry_run: false, gems: true
 
     add_option("-a", "--[no-]alien",
                'Report "unmanaged" or rogue files in the',
@@ -40,17 +41,21 @@ class Gem::Commands::CheckCommand < Gem::Command
   def check_gems
     say "Checking gems..."
     say
-    gems = get_all_gem_names rescue []
+    gems = begin
+             get_all_gem_names
+           rescue StandardError
+             []
+           end
 
     Gem::Validator.new.alien(gems).sort.each do |key, val|
-      unless val.empty?
+      if val.empty?
+        say "#{key} is error-free" if Gem.configuration.verbose
+      else
         say "#{key} has #{val.size} problems"
         val.each do |error_entry|
           say "  #{error_entry.path}:"
           say "    #{error_entry.problem}"
         end
-      else
-        say "#{key} is error-free" if Gem.configuration.verbose
       end
       say
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/cleanup_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/cleanup_command.rb
index 1ae84924c1..08fb598cea 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/cleanup_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/cleanup_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../dependency_list"
 require_relative "../uninstaller"
@@ -7,16 +8,16 @@ class Gem::Commands::CleanupCommand < Gem::Command
   def initialize
     super "cleanup",
           "Clean up old versions of installed gems",
-          :force => false, :install_dir => Gem.dir,
-          :check_dev => true
+          force: false, install_dir: Gem.dir,
+          check_dev: true
 
     add_option("-n", "-d", "--dry-run",
-               "Do not uninstall gems") do |value, options|
+               "Do not uninstall gems") do |_value, options|
       options[:dryrun] = true
     end
 
     add_option(:Deprecated, "--dryrun",
-               "Do not uninstall gems") do |value, options|
+               "Do not uninstall gems") do |_value, options|
       options[:dryrun] = true
     end
     deprecate_option("--dryrun", extra_msg: "Use --dry-run instead")
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ If no gems are named all gems in GEM_HOME are cleaned.
       until done do
         clean_gems
 
-        this_set = @gems_to_cleanup.map {|spec| spec.full_name }.sort
+        this_set = @gems_to_cleanup.map(&:full_name).sort
 
         done = this_set.empty? || last_set == this_set
 
@@ -87,9 +88,9 @@ If no gems are named all gems in GEM_HOME are cleaned.
     say "Clean up complete"
 
     verbose do
-      skipped = @default_gems.map {|spec| spec.full_name }
+      skipped = @default_gems.map(&:full_name)
 
-      "Skipped default gems: #{skipped.join ', '}"
+      "Skipped default gems: #{skipped.join ", "}"
     end
   end
 
@@ -116,12 +117,12 @@ If no gems are named all gems in GEM_HOME are cleaned.
   end
 
   def get_candidate_gems
-    @candidate_gems = unless options[:args].empty?
+    @candidate_gems = if options[:args].empty?
+      Gem::Specification.to_a
+    else
       options[:args].map do |gem_name|
         Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name gem_name
       end.flatten
-    else
-      Gem::Specification.to_a
     end
   end
 
@@ -130,9 +131,7 @@ If no gems are named all gems in GEM_HOME are cleaned.
       @primary_gems[spec.name].version != spec.version
     end
 
-    default_gems, gems_to_cleanup = gems_to_cleanup.partition do |spec|
-      spec.default_gem?
-    end
+    default_gems, gems_to_cleanup = gems_to_cleanup.partition(&:default_gem?)
 
     uninstall_from = options[:user_install] ? Gem.user_dir : @original_home
 
@@ -167,8 +166,8 @@ If no gems are named all gems in GEM_HOME are cleaned.
     say "Attempting to uninstall #{spec.full_name}"
 
     uninstall_options = {
-      :executables => false,
-      :version => "= #{spec.version}",
+      executables: false,
+      version: "= #{spec.version}",
     }
 
     uninstall_options[:user_install] = Gem.user_dir == spec.base_dir
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/contents_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/contents_command.rb
index c5fdfca31e..807158d9c9 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/contents_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/contents_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 
@@ -7,8 +8,8 @@ class Gem::Commands::ContentsCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "contents", "Display the contents of the installed gems",
-          :specdirs => [], :lib_only => false, :prefix => true,
-          :show_install_dir => false
+          specdirs: [], lib_only: false, prefix: true,
+          show_install_dir: false
 
     add_version_option
 
@@ -91,9 +92,9 @@ prefix or only the files that are requireable.
 
   def files_in_gem(spec)
     gem_path  = spec.full_gem_path
-    extra     = "/{#{spec.require_paths.join ','}}" if options[:lib_only]
+    extra     = "/{#{spec.require_paths.join ","}}" if options[:lib_only]
     glob      = "#{gem_path}#{extra}/**/*"
-    prefix_re = /#{Regexp.escape(gem_path)}\//
+    prefix_re = %r{#{Regexp.escape(gem_path)}/}
 
     Dir[glob].map do |file|
       [gem_path, file.sub(prefix_re, "")]
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ prefix or only the files that are requireable.
   def files_in_default_gem(spec)
     spec.files.map do |file|
       case file
-      when /\A#{spec.bindir}\//
+      when %r{\A#{spec.bindir}/}
         # $' is POSTMATCH
         [RbConfig::CONFIG["bindir"], $']
       when /\.so\z/
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ prefix or only the files that are requireable.
       @spec_dirs.sort.each {|dir| say dir }
     end
 
-    return nil
+    nil
   end
 
   def specification_directories # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/dependency_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/dependency_command.rb
index 3f69a95e83..9aaefae999 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/dependency_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/dependency_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../version_option"
@@ -10,15 +11,14 @@ class Gem::Commands::DependencyCommand < Gem::Command
   def initialize
     super "dependency",
           "Show the dependencies of an installed gem",
-          :version => Gem::Requirement.default, :domain => :local
+          version: Gem::Requirement.default, domain: :local
 
     add_version_option
     add_platform_option
     add_prerelease_option
 
     add_option("-R", "--[no-]reverse-dependencies",
-               "Include reverse dependencies in the output") do
-      |value, options|
+               "Include reverse dependencies in the output") do |value, options|
       options[:reverse_dependencies] = value
     end
 
@@ -90,10 +90,9 @@ use with other commands.
 
   def display_pipe(specs) # :nodoc:
     specs.each do |spec|
-      unless spec.dependencies.empty?
-        spec.dependencies.sort_by {|dep| dep.name }.each do |dep|
-          say "#{dep.name} --version '#{dep.requirement}'"
-        end
+      next if spec.dependencies.empty?
+      spec.dependencies.sort_by(&:name).each do |dep|
+        say "#{dep.name} --version '#{dep.requirement}'"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -153,7 +152,7 @@ use with other commands.
     response = String.new
     response << "  " * level + "Gem #{spec.full_name}\n"
     unless spec.dependencies.empty?
-      spec.dependencies.sort_by {|dep| dep.name }.each do |dep|
+      spec.dependencies.sort_by(&:name).each do |dep|
         response << "  " * level + "  #{dep}\n"
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/environment_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/environment_command.rb
index d95e1d0dbb..8ed0996069 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/environment_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/environment_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 class Gem::Commands::EnvironmentCommand < Gem::Command
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::EnvironmentCommand < Gem::Command
           platform        display the supported gem platforms
           <omitted>       display everything
     EOF
-    return args.gsub(/^\s+/, "")
+    args.gsub(/^\s+/, "")
   end
 
   def description # :nodoc:
@@ -107,9 +108,7 @@ lib/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
 
     out << "  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: #{Gem::VERSION}\n"
 
-    out << "  - RUBY VERSION: #{RUBY_VERSION} (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE}"
-    out << " patchlevel #{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}" if defined? RUBY_PATCHLEVEL
-    out << ") [#{RUBY_PLATFORM}]\n"
+    out << "  - RUBY VERSION: #{RUBY_VERSION} (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE} patchlevel #{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}) [#{RUBY_PLATFORM}]\n"
 
     out << "  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: #{Gem.dir}\n"
 
@@ -172,6 +171,6 @@ lib/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
       end
     end
 
-    return nil
+    nil
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/exec_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/exec_command.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d588804290
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/exec_command.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "../command"
+require_relative "../dependency_installer"
+require_relative "../gem_runner"
+require_relative "../package"
+require_relative "../version_option"
+
+class Gem::Commands::ExecCommand < Gem::Command
+  include Gem::VersionOption
+
+  def initialize
+    super "exec", "Run a command from a gem", {
+      version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+    }
+
+    add_version_option
+    add_prerelease_option "to be installed"
+
+    add_option "-g", "--gem GEM", "run the executable from the given gem" do |value, options|
+      options[:gem_name] = value
+    end
+
+    add_option(:"Install/Update", "--conservative",
+      "Prefer the most recent installed version, ",
+      "rather than the latest version overall") do |_value, options|
+      options[:conservative] = true
+    end
+  end
+
+  def arguments # :nodoc:
+    "COMMAND  the executable command to run"
+  end
+
+  def defaults_str # :nodoc:
+    "--version '#{Gem::Requirement.default}'"
+  end
+
+  def description # :nodoc:
+    <<-EOF
+The exec command handles installing (if necessary) and running an executable
+from a gem, regardless of whether that gem is currently installed.
+
+The exec command can be thought of as a shortcut to running `gem install` and
+then the executable from the installed gem.
+
+For example, `gem exec rails new .` will run `rails new .` in the current
+directory, without having to manually run `gem install rails`.
+Additionally, the exec command ensures the most recent version of the gem
+is used (unless run with `--conservative`), and that the gem is not installed
+to the same gem path as user-installed gems.
+    EOF
+  end
+
+  def usage # :nodoc:
+    "#{program_name} [options --] COMMAND [args]"
+  end
+
+  def execute
+    gem_paths = { "GEM_HOME" => Gem.paths.home, "GEM_PATH" => Gem.paths.path.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR), "GEM_SPEC_CACHE" => Gem.paths.spec_cache_dir }.compact
+
+    check_executable
+
+    print_command
+    if options[:gem_name] == "gem" && options[:executable] == "gem"
+      set_gem_exec_install_paths
+      Gem::GemRunner.new.run options[:args]
+      return
+    elsif options[:conservative]
+      install_if_needed
+    else
+      install
+      activate!
+    end
+
+    load!
+  ensure
+    ENV.update(gem_paths) if gem_paths
+    Gem.clear_paths
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def handle_options(args)
+    args = add_extra_args(args)
+    check_deprecated_options(args)
+    @options = Marshal.load Marshal.dump @defaults # deep copy
+    parser.order!(args) do |v|
+      # put the non-option back at the front of the list of arguments
+      args.unshift(v)
+
+      # stop parsing once we hit the first non-option,
+      # so you can call `gem exec rails --version` and it prints the rails
+      # version rather than rubygem's
+      break
+    end
+    @options[:args] = args
+
+    options[:executable], gem_version = extract_gem_name_and_version(options[:args].shift)
+    options[:gem_name] ||= options[:executable]
+
+    if gem_version
+      if options[:version].none?
+        options[:version] = Gem::Requirement.new(gem_version)
+      else
+        options[:version].concat [gem_version]
+      end
+    end
+
+    if options[:prerelease] && !options[:version].prerelease?
+      if options[:version].none?
+        options[:version] = Gem::Requirement.default_prerelease
+      else
+        options[:version].concat [Gem::Requirement.default_prerelease]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def check_executable
+    if options[:executable].nil?
+      raise Gem::CommandLineError,
+        "Please specify an executable to run (e.g. #{program_name} COMMAND)"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def print_command
+    verbose "running #{program_name} with:\n"
+    opts = options.reject {|_, v| v.nil? || Array(v).empty? }
+    max_length = opts.map {|k, _| k.size }.max
+    opts.each do |k, v|
+      next if v.nil?
+      verbose "\t#{k.to_s.rjust(max_length)}: #{v}"
+    end
+    verbose ""
+  end
+
+  def install_if_needed
+    activate!
+  rescue Gem::MissingSpecError
+    verbose "#{Gem::Dependency.new(options[:gem_name], options[:version])} not available locally, installing from remote"
+    install
+    activate!
+  end
+
+  def set_gem_exec_install_paths
+    home = File.join(Gem.dir, "gem_exec")
+
+    ENV["GEM_PATH"] = ([home] + Gem.path).join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+    ENV["GEM_HOME"] = home
+    Gem.clear_paths
+  end
+
+  def install
+    set_gem_exec_install_paths
+
+    gem_name = options[:gem_name]
+    gem_version = options[:version]
+
+    install_options = options.merge(
+      minimal_deps: false,
+      wrappers: true
+    )
+
+    suppress_always_install do
+      dep_installer = Gem::DependencyInstaller.new install_options
+
+      request_set = dep_installer.resolve_dependencies gem_name, gem_version
+
+      verbose "Gems to install:"
+      request_set.sorted_requests.each do |activation_request|
+        verbose "\t#{activation_request.full_name}"
+      end
+
+      request_set.install install_options
+    end
+
+    Gem::Specification.reset
+  rescue Gem::InstallError => e
+    alert_error "Error installing #{gem_name}:\n\t#{e.message}"
+    terminate_interaction 1
+  rescue Gem::GemNotFoundException => e
+    show_lookup_failure e.name, e.version, e.errors, false
+
+    terminate_interaction 2
+  rescue Gem::UnsatisfiableDependencyError => e
+    show_lookup_failure e.name, e.version, e.errors, false,
+                        "'#{gem_name}' (#{gem_version})"
+
+    terminate_interaction 2
+  end
+
+  def activate!
+    gem(options[:gem_name], options[:version])
+    Gem.finish_resolve
+
+    verbose "activated #{options[:gem_name]} (#{Gem.loaded_specs[options[:gem_name]].version})"
+  end
+
+  def load!
+    argv = ARGV.clone
+    ARGV.replace options[:args]
+
+    exe = executable = options[:executable]
+
+    contains_executable = Gem.loaded_specs.values.select do |spec|
+      spec.executables.include?(executable)
+    end
+
+    if contains_executable.any? {|s| s.name == executable }
+      contains_executable.select! {|s| s.name == executable }
+    end
+
+    if contains_executable.empty?
+      if (spec = Gem.loaded_specs[executable]) && (exe = spec.executable)
+        contains_executable << spec
+      else
+        alert_error "Failed to load executable `#{executable}`," \
+              " are you sure the gem `#{options[:gem_name]}` contains it?"
+        terminate_interaction 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    if contains_executable.size > 1
+      alert_error "Ambiguous which gem `#{executable}` should come from: " \
+            "the options are #{contains_executable.map(&:name)}, " \
+            "specify one via `-g`"
+      terminate_interaction 1
+    end
+
+    load Gem.activate_bin_path(contains_executable.first.name, exe, ">= 0.a")
+  ensure
+    ARGV.replace argv
+  end
+
+  def suppress_always_install
+    name = :always_install
+    cls = ::Gem::Resolver::InstallerSet
+    method = cls.instance_method(name)
+    cls.remove_method(name)
+    cls.define_method(name) { [] }
+
+    begin
+      yield
+    ensure
+      cls.remove_method(name)
+      cls.define_method(name, method)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/fetch_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/fetch_command.rb
index 3a8c435d0e..f7f5b62306 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/fetch_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/fetch_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../version_option"
@@ -9,8 +10,8 @@ class Gem::Commands::FetchCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     defaults = {
-      :suggest_alternate => true,
-      :version           => Gem::Requirement.default,
+      suggest_alternate: true,
+      version: Gem::Requirement.default,
     }
 
     super "fetch", "Download a gem and place it in the current directory", defaults
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/generate_index_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/generate_index_command.rb
index bc71e60ff0..13be92593b 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/generate_index_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/generate_index_command.rb
@@ -1,85 +1,51 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
-require_relative "../indexer"
 
-##
-# Generates a index files for use as a gem server.
-#
-# See `gem help generate_index`
+unless defined? Gem::Commands::GenerateIndexCommand
+  class Gem::Commands::GenerateIndexCommand < Gem::Command
+    module RubygemsTrampoline
+      def description # :nodoc:
+        <<~EOF
+          The generate_index command has been moved to the rubygems-generate_index gem.
+        EOF
+      end
 
-class Gem::Commands::GenerateIndexCommand < Gem::Command
-  def initialize
-    super "generate_index",
-          "Generates the index files for a gem server directory",
-          :directory => ".", :build_modern => true
+      def execute
+        alert_error "Install the rubygems-generate_index gem for the generate_index command"
+      end
 
-    add_option "-d", "--directory=DIRNAME",
-               "repository base dir containing gems subdir" do |dir, options|
-      options[:directory] = File.expand_path dir
+      def invoke_with_build_args(args, build_args)
+        name = "rubygems-generate_index"
+        spec = begin
+          Gem::Specification.find_by_name(name)
+        rescue Gem::LoadError
+          require "rubygems/dependency_installer"
+          Gem.install(name, Gem::Requirement.default, Gem::DependencyInstaller::DEFAULT_OPTIONS).find {|s| s.name == name }
+        end
+
+        # remove the methods defined in this file so that the methods defined in the gem are used instead,
+        # and without a method redefinition warning
+        %w[description execute invoke_with_build_args].each do |method|
+          RubygemsTrampoline.remove_method(method)
+        end
+        self.class.singleton_class.remove_method(:new)
+
+        spec.activate
+        Gem.load_plugin_files spec.matches_for_glob("rubygems_plugin#{Gem.suffix_pattern}")
+
+        self.class.new.invoke_with_build_args(args, build_args)
+      end
     end
+    private_constant :RubygemsTrampoline
 
-    add_option "--[no-]modern",
-               "Generate indexes for RubyGems",
-               "(always true)" do |value, options|
-      options[:build_modern] = value
+    # remove_method(:initialize) warns, but removing new does not warn
+    def self.new
+      command = allocate
+      command.send(:initialize, "generate_index", "Generates the index files for a gem server directory (requires rubygems-generate_index)")
+      command
     end
 
-    deprecate_option("--modern", version: "4.0", extra_msg: "Modern indexes (specs, latest_specs, and prerelease_specs) are always generated, so this option is not needed.")
-    deprecate_option("--no-modern", version: "4.0", extra_msg: "The `--no-modern` option is currently ignored. Modern indexes (specs, latest_specs, and prerelease_specs) are always generated.")
-
-    add_option "--update",
-               "Update modern indexes with gems added",
-               "since the last update" do |value, options|
-      options[:update] = value
-    end
-  end
-
-  def defaults_str # :nodoc:
-    "--directory . --modern"
-  end
-
-  def description # :nodoc:
-    <<-EOF
-The generate_index command creates a set of indexes for serving gems
-statically.  The command expects a 'gems' directory under the path given to
-the --directory option.  The given directory will be the directory you serve
-as the gem repository.
-
-For `gem generate_index --directory /path/to/repo`, expose /path/to/repo via
-your HTTP server configuration (not /path/to/repo/gems).
-
-When done, it will generate a set of files like this:
-
-  gems/*.gem                                   # .gem files you want to
-                                               # index
-
-  specs.<version>.gz                           # specs index
-  latest_specs.<version>.gz                    # latest specs index
-  prerelease_specs.<version>.gz                # prerelease specs index
-  quick/Marshal.<version>/<gemname>.gemspec.rz # Marshal quick index file
-
-The .rz extension files are compressed with the inflate algorithm.
-The Marshal version number comes from ruby's Marshal::MAJOR_VERSION and
-Marshal::MINOR_VERSION constants.  It is used to ensure compatibility.
-    EOF
-  end
-
-  def execute
-    # This is always true because it's the only way now.
-    options[:build_modern] = true
-
-    if !File.exist?(options[:directory]) ||
-       !File.directory?(options[:directory])
-      alert_error "unknown directory name #{options[:directory]}."
-      terminate_interaction 1
-    else
-      indexer = Gem::Indexer.new options.delete(:directory), options
-
-      if options[:update]
-        indexer.update_index
-      else
-        indexer.generate_index
-      end
-    end
+    prepend(RubygemsTrampoline)
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/help_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/help_command.rb
index 8bfb4458ff..1619b152e7 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/help_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/help_command.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 class Gem::Commands::HelpCommand < Gem::Command
   # :stopdoc:
-  EXAMPLES = <<-EOF.freeze
+  EXAMPLES = <<-EOF
 Some examples of 'gem' usage.
 
 * Install 'rake', either from local directory or remote server:
@@ -52,13 +53,13 @@ Some examples of 'gem' usage.
     gem update --system
   EOF
 
-  GEM_DEPENDENCIES = <<-EOF.freeze
+  GEM_DEPENDENCIES = <<-EOF
 A gem dependencies file allows installation of a consistent set of gems across
 multiple environments.  The RubyGems implementation is designed to be
 compatible with Bundler's Gemfile format.  You can see additional
 documentation on the format at:
 
-  http://bundler.io
+  https://bundler.io
 
 RubyGems automatically looks for these gem dependencies files:
 
@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ and #platforms methods:
 See the bundler Gemfile manual page for a list of platforms supported in a gem
 dependencies file.:
 
-  http://bundler.io/v1.6/man/gemfile.5.html
+  https://bundler.io/v2.5/man/gemfile.5.html
 
 Ruby Version and Engine Dependency
 ==================================
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ default.  This may be overridden with the :development_group option:
 
   EOF
 
-  PLATFORMS = <<-'EOF'.freeze
+  PLATFORMS = <<-'EOF'
 RubyGems platforms are composed of three parts, a CPU, an OS, and a
 version.  These values are taken from values in rbconfig.rb.  You can view
 your current platform by running `gem environment`.
@@ -268,7 +269,7 @@ Gem::Platform::CURRENT.  This will correctly mark the gem with your ruby's
 platform.
   EOF
 
-  # NOTE when updating also update Gem::Command::HELP
+  # NOTE: when updating also update Gem::Command::HELP
 
   SUBCOMMANDS = [
     ["commands",         :show_commands],
@@ -323,16 +324,16 @@ platform.
 
     margin_width = 4
 
-    desc_width = @command_manager.command_names.map {|n| n.size }.max + 4
+    desc_width = @command_manager.command_names.map(&:size).max + 4
 
     summary_width = 80 - margin_width - desc_width
     wrap_indent = " " * (margin_width + desc_width)
-    format = "#{' ' * margin_width}%-#{desc_width}s%s"
+    format = "#{" " * margin_width}%-#{desc_width}s%s"
 
     @command_manager.command_names.each do |cmd_name|
       command = @command_manager[cmd_name]
 
-      next if command.deprecated?
+      next if command&.deprecated?
 
       summary =
         if command
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ platform.
         end
 
       summary = wrap(summary, summary_width).split "\n"
-      out << sprintf(format, cmd_name, summary.shift)
+      out << format(format, cmd_name, summary.shift)
       until summary.empty? do
         out << "#{wrap_indent}#{summary.shift}"
       end
@@ -366,7 +367,7 @@ platform.
       command = @command_manager[possibilities.first]
       command.invoke("--help")
     elsif possibilities.size > 1
-      alert_warning "Ambiguous command #{command_name} (#{possibilities.join(', ')})"
+      alert_warning "Ambiguous command #{command_name} (#{possibilities.join(", ")})"
     else
       alert_warning "Unknown command #{command_name}. Try: gem help commands"
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/info_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/info_command.rb
index ced7751ff5..f65c639662 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/info_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/info_command.rb
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ class Gem::Commands::InfoCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "info", "Show information for the given gem",
-         :name => //, :domain => :local, :details => false, :versions => true,
-         :installed => nil, :version => Gem::Requirement.default
+         name: //, domain: :local, details: false, versions: true,
+         installed: nil, version: Gem::Requirement.default
 
     add_query_options
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/install_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/install_command.rb
index 724b4fe51d..2091634a29 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/install_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/install_command.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../install_update_options"
 require_relative "../dependency_installer"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../validator"
 require_relative "../version_option"
+require_relative "../update_suggestion"
 
 ##
 # Gem installer command line tool
@@ -17,14 +19,15 @@ class Gem::Commands::InstallCommand < Gem::Command
   include Gem::VersionOption
   include Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
   include Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
+  include Gem::UpdateSuggestion
 
   def initialize
     defaults = Gem::DependencyInstaller::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.merge({
-      :format_executable => false,
-      :lock              => true,
-      :suggest_alternate => true,
-      :version           => Gem::Requirement.default,
-      :without_groups    => [],
+      format_executable: false,
+      lock: true,
+      suggest_alternate: true,
+      version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+      without_groups: [],
     })
 
     defaults.merge!(install_update_options)
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::InstallCommand < Gem::Command
   end
 
   def defaults_str # :nodoc:
-    "--both --version '#{Gem::Requirement.default}' --no-force\n" +
+    "--both --version '#{Gem::Requirement.default}' --no-force\n" \
       "--install-dir #{Gem.dir} --lock\n" +
       install_update_defaults_str
   end
@@ -133,13 +136,6 @@ You can use `i` command instead of `install`.
     "#{program_name} [options] GEMNAME [GEMNAME ...] -- --build-flags"
   end
 
-  def check_install_dir # :nodoc:
-    if options[:install_dir] && options[:user_install]
-      alert_error "Use --install-dir or --user-install but not both"
-      terminate_interaction 1
-    end
-  end
-
   def check_version # :nodoc:
     if options[:version] != Gem::Requirement.default &&
        get_all_gem_names.size > 1
@@ -159,7 +155,6 @@ You can use `i` command instead of `install`.
 
     ENV.delete "GEM_PATH" if options[:install_dir].nil?
 
-    check_install_dir
     check_version
 
     load_hooks
@@ -168,6 +163,8 @@ You can use `i` command instead of `install`.
 
     show_installed
 
+    say update_suggestion if eligible_for_update?
+
     terminate_interaction exit_code
   end
 
@@ -258,7 +255,7 @@ You can use `i` command instead of `install`.
     return unless errors
 
     errors.each do |x|
-      return unless Gem::SourceFetchProblem === x
+      next unless Gem::SourceFetchProblem === x
 
       require_relative "../uri"
       msg = "Unable to pull data from '#{Gem::Uri.redact(x.source.uri)}': #{x.error.message}"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/list_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/list_command.rb
index 011873b99c..fab4b73814 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/list_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/list_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../query_utils"
 
@@ -10,8 +11,8 @@ class Gem::Commands::ListCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "list", "Display local gems whose name matches REGEXP",
-         :domain => :local, :details => false, :versions => true,
-         :installed => nil, :version => Gem::Requirement.default
+         domain: :local, details: false, versions: true,
+         installed: nil, version: Gem::Requirement.default
 
     add_query_options
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/lock_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/lock_command.rb
index da636492c9..f7fd5ada16 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/lock_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/lock_command.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 class Gem::Commands::LockCommand < Gem::Command
   def initialize
     super "lock", "Generate a lockdown list of gems",
-          :strict => false
+          strict: false
 
     add_option "-s", "--[no-]strict",
                "fail if unable to satisfy a dependency" do |strict, options|
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/mirror_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/mirror_command.rb
index b633cd3d81..b91a8db12d 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/mirror_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/mirror_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 unless defined? Gem::Commands::MirrorCommand
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/open_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/open_command.rb
index d5283f72dd..0fe90dc8b8 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/open_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/open_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 
@@ -69,9 +70,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::OpenCommand < Gem::Command
   end
 
   def open_editor(path)
-    Dir.chdir(path) do
-      system(*@editor.split(/\s+/) + [path])
-    end
+    system(*@editor.split(/\s+/) + [path], { chdir: path })
   end
 
   def spec_for(name)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/outdated_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/outdated_command.rb
index 1785194389..08a9221a26 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/outdated_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/outdated_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../spec_fetcher"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/owner_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/owner_command.rb
index 4a0f7aa3e4..12bfe3a834 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/owner_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/owner_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../gemcutter_utilities"
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ The owner command lets you add and remove owners of a gem on a push
 server (the default is https://rubygems.org). Multiple owners can be
 added or removed at the same time, if the flag is given multiple times.
 
-The supported user identifiers are dependant on the push server.
+The supported user identifiers are dependent on the push server.
 For rubygems.org, both e-mail and handle are supported, even though the
 user identifier field is called "email".
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ permission to.
     add_proxy_option
     add_key_option
     add_otp_option
-    defaults.merge! :add => [], :remove => []
+    defaults.merge! add: [], remove: []
 
     add_option "-a", "--add NEW_OWNER", "Add an owner by user identifier" do |value, options|
       options[:add] << value
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ permission to.
 
       say "Owners for gem: #{name}"
       owners.each do |owner|
-        say "- #{owner['email'] || owner['handle'] || owner['id']}"
+        say "- #{owner["email"] || owner["handle"] || owner["id"]}"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -93,14 +94,14 @@ permission to.
 
   def manage_owners(method, name, owners)
     owners.each do |owner|
-      begin
-        response = send_owner_request(method, name, owner)
-        action = method == :delete ? "Removing" : "Adding"
-
-        with_response response, "#{action} #{owner}"
-      rescue
-        # ignore
-      end
+      response = send_owner_request(method, name, owner)
+      action = method == :delete ? "Removing" : "Adding"
+
+      with_response response, "#{action} #{owner}"
+    rescue Gem::WebauthnVerificationError => e
+      raise e
+    rescue StandardError
+      # ignore early exits to allow for completing the iteration of all owners
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/pristine_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/pristine_command.rb
index 72db53ef37..456d897df2 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/pristine_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/pristine_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../package"
 require_relative "../installer"
@@ -10,10 +11,10 @@ class Gem::Commands::PristineCommand < Gem::Command
   def initialize
     super "pristine",
           "Restores installed gems to pristine condition from files located in the gem cache",
-          :version => Gem::Requirement.default,
-          :extensions => true,
-          :extensions_set => false,
-          :all => false
+          version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+          extensions: true,
+          extensions_set: false,
+          all: false
 
     add_option("--all",
                "Restore all installed gems to pristine",
@@ -34,6 +35,11 @@ class Gem::Commands::PristineCommand < Gem::Command
       options[:extensions]     = value
     end
 
+    add_option("--only-missing-extensions",
+               "Only restore gems with missing extensions") do |value, options|
+      options[:only_missing_extensions] = value
+    end
+
     add_option("--only-executables",
                "Only restore executables") do |value, options|
       options[:only_executables] = value
@@ -107,13 +113,15 @@ extensions will be restored.
       Gem::Specification.select do |spec|
         spec.extensions && !spec.extensions.empty?
       end
+    elsif options[:only_missing_extensions]
+      Gem::Specification.select(&:missing_extensions?)
     else
       get_all_gem_names.sort.map do |gem_name|
         Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name(gem_name, options[:version]).reverse
       end.flatten
     end
 
-    specs = specs.select {|spec| RUBY_ENGINE == spec.platform || Gem::Platform.local === spec.platform || spec.platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY }
+    specs = specs.select {|spec| spec.platform == RUBY_ENGINE || Gem::Platform.local === spec.platform || spec.platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY }
 
     if specs.to_a.empty?
       raise Gem::Exception,
@@ -128,7 +136,7 @@ extensions will be restored.
         next
       end
 
-      if options.has_key? :skip
+      if options.key? :skip
         if options[:skip].include? spec.name
           say "Skipped #{spec.full_name}, it was given through options"
           next
@@ -171,12 +179,12 @@ extensions will be restored.
       install_dir = options[:install_dir] if options[:install_dir]
 
       installer_options = {
-        :wrappers => true,
-        :force => true,
-        :install_dir => install_dir || spec.base_dir,
-        :env_shebang => env_shebang,
-        :build_args => spec.build_args,
-        :bin_dir => bin_dir,
+        wrappers: true,
+        force: true,
+        install_dir: install_dir || spec.base_dir,
+        env_shebang: env_shebang,
+        build_args: spec.build_args,
+        bin_dir: bin_dir,
       }
 
       if options[:only_executables]
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/push_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/push_command.rb
index 46b65f4e15..591ddc3a80 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/push_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/push_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../gemcutter_utilities"
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ The push command will use ~/.gem/credentials to authenticate to a server, but yo
   end
 
   def initialize
-    super "push", "Push a gem up to the gem server", :host => self.host
+    super "push", "Push a gem up to the gem server", host: host
 
     @user_defined_host = false
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ The push command will use ~/.gem/credentials to authenticate to a server, but yo
     @host ||= push_host
 
     # Always include @host, even if it's nil
-    args += [ @host, push_host ]
+    args += [@host, push_host]
 
     say "Pushing gem to #{@host || Gem.host}..."
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/query_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/query_command.rb
index c6315acf8c..3b527974a3 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/query_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/query_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../query_utils"
 require_relative "../deprecate"
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::QueryCommand < Gem::Command
 
   include Gem::QueryUtils
 
-  alias warning_without_suggested_alternatives deprecation_warning
+  alias_method :warning_without_suggested_alternatives, :deprecation_warning
   def deprecation_warning
     warning_without_suggested_alternatives
 
@@ -17,11 +18,10 @@ class Gem::Commands::QueryCommand < Gem::Command
     alert_warning message unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
   end
 
-  def initialize(name = "query",
-                 summary = "Query gem information in local or remote repositories")
+  def initialize(name = "query", summary = "Query gem information in local or remote repositories")
     super name, summary,
-         :domain => :local, :details => false, :versions => true,
-         :installed => nil, :version => Gem::Requirement.default
+         domain: :local, details: false, versions: true,
+         installed: nil, version: Gem::Requirement.default
 
     add_option("-n", "--name-matches REGEXP",
                "Name of gem(s) to query on matches the",
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/rdoc_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/rdoc_command.rb
index a998a9704c..977c90b8c4 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/rdoc_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/rdoc_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 require_relative "../rdoc"
@@ -9,8 +10,8 @@ class Gem::Commands::RdocCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "rdoc", "Generates RDoc for pre-installed gems",
-          :version => Gem::Requirement.default,
-          :include_rdoc => false, :include_ri => true, :overwrite => false
+          version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+          include_rdoc: false, include_ri: true, overwrite: false
 
     add_option("--all",
                "Generate RDoc/RI documentation for all",
@@ -83,14 +84,7 @@ Use --overwrite to force rebuilding of documentation.
         FileUtils.rm_rf File.join(spec.doc_dir, "rdoc")
       end
 
-      begin
-        doc.generate
-      rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
-        match = / - /.match(e.message)
-        alert_error "Unable to document #{spec.full_name}, " \
-                    " #{match.post_match} is missing, skipping"
-        terminate_interaction 1 if specs.length == 1
-      end
+      doc.generate
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/rebuild_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/rebuild_command.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97f05ef79c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/rebuild_command.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "date"
+require "digest"
+require "fileutils"
+require "tmpdir"
+require_relative "../gemspec_helpers"
+require_relative "../package"
+
+class Gem::Commands::RebuildCommand < Gem::Command
+  include Gem::GemspecHelpers
+
+  DATE_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N Z"
+
+  def initialize
+    super "rebuild", "Attempt to reproduce a build of a gem."
+
+    add_option "--diff", "If the files don't match, compare them using diffoscope." do |_value, options|
+      options[:diff] = true
+    end
+
+    add_option "--force", "Skip validation of the spec." do |_value, options|
+      options[:force] = true
+    end
+
+    add_option "--strict", "Consider warnings as errors when validating the spec." do |_value, options|
+      options[:strict] = true
+    end
+
+    add_option "--source GEM_SOURCE", "Specify the source to download the gem from." do |value, options|
+      options[:source] = value
+    end
+
+    add_option "--original GEM_FILE", "Specify a local file to compare against (instead of downloading it)." do |value, options|
+      options[:original_gem_file] = value
+    end
+
+    add_option "--gemspec GEMSPEC_FILE", "Specify the name of the gemspec file." do |value, options|
+      options[:gemspec_file] = value
+    end
+
+    add_option "-C PATH", "Run as if gem build was started in <PATH> instead of the current working directory." do |value, options|
+      options[:build_path] = value
+    end
+  end
+
+  def arguments # :nodoc:
+    "GEM_NAME      gem name on gem server\n" \
+    "GEM_VERSION   gem version you are attempting to rebuild"
+  end
+
+  def description # :nodoc:
+    <<-EOF
+The rebuild command allows you to (attempt to) reproduce a build of a gem
+from a ruby gemspec.
+
+This command assumes the gemspec can be built with the `gem build` command.
+If you use any of `gem build`, `rake build`, or`rake release` in the
+build/release process for a gem, it is a potential candidate.
+
+You will need to match the RubyGems version used, since this is included in
+the Gem metadata.
+
+If the gem includes lockfiles (e.g. Gemfile.lock) and similar, it will
+require more effort to reproduce a build. For example, it might require
+more precisely matched versions of Ruby and/or Bundler to be used.
+    EOF
+  end
+
+  def usage # :nodoc:
+    "#{program_name} GEM_NAME GEM_VERSION"
+  end
+
+  def execute
+    gem_name, gem_version = get_gem_name_and_version
+
+    old_dir, new_dir = prep_dirs
+
+    gem_filename = "#{gem_name}-#{gem_version}.gem"
+    old_file = File.join(old_dir, gem_filename)
+    new_file = File.join(new_dir, gem_filename)
+
+    if options[:original_gem_file]
+      FileUtils.copy_file(options[:original_gem_file], old_file)
+    else
+      download_gem(gem_name, gem_version, old_file)
+    end
+
+    rg_version = rubygems_version(old_file)
+    unless rg_version == Gem::VERSION
+      alert_error <<-EOF
+You need to use the same RubyGems version #{gem_name} v#{gem_version} was built with.
+
+#{gem_name} v#{gem_version} was built using RubyGems v#{rg_version}.
+Gem files include the version of RubyGems used to build them.
+This means in order to reproduce #{gem_filename}, you must also use RubyGems v#{rg_version}.
+
+You're using RubyGems v#{Gem::VERSION}.
+
+Please install RubyGems v#{rg_version} and try again.
+      EOF
+      terminate_interaction 1
+    end
+
+    source_date_epoch = get_timestamp(old_file).to_s
+
+    if build_path = options[:build_path]
+      Dir.chdir(build_path) { build_gem(gem_name, source_date_epoch, new_file) }
+    else
+      build_gem(gem_name, source_date_epoch, new_file)
+    end
+
+    compare(source_date_epoch, old_file, new_file)
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def sha256(file)
+    Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(Gem.read_binary(file))
+  end
+
+  def get_timestamp(file)
+    mtime = nil
+    File.open(file, Gem.binary_mode) do |f|
+      Gem::Package::TarReader.new(f) do |tar|
+        mtime = tar.seek("metadata.gz") {|tf| tf.header.mtime }
+      end
+    end
+
+    mtime
+  end
+
+  def compare(source_date_epoch, old_file, new_file)
+    date = Time.at(source_date_epoch.to_i).strftime("%F %T %Z")
+
+    old_hash = sha256(old_file)
+    new_hash = sha256(new_file)
+
+    say
+    say "Built at: #{date} (#{source_date_epoch})"
+    say "Original build saved to:   #{old_file}"
+    say "Reproduced build saved to: #{new_file}"
+    say "Working directory: #{options[:build_path] || Dir.pwd}"
+    say
+    say "Hash comparison:"
+    say "  #{old_hash}\t#{old_file}"
+    say "  #{new_hash}\t#{new_file}"
+    say
+
+    if old_hash == new_hash
+      say "SUCCESS - original and rebuild hashes matched"
+    else
+      say "FAILURE - original and rebuild hashes did not match"
+      say
+
+      if options[:diff]
+        if system("diffoscope", old_file, new_file).nil?
+          alert_error "error: could not find `diffoscope` executable"
+        end
+      else
+        say "Pass --diff for more details (requires diffoscope to be installed)."
+      end
+
+      terminate_interaction 1
+    end
+  end
+
+  def prep_dirs
+    rebuild_dir = Dir.mktmpdir("gem_rebuild")
+    old_dir = File.join(rebuild_dir, "old")
+    new_dir = File.join(rebuild_dir, "new")
+
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p(old_dir)
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p(new_dir)
+
+    [old_dir, new_dir]
+  end
+
+  def get_gem_name_and_version
+    args = options[:args] || []
+    if args.length == 2
+      gem_name, gem_version = args
+    elsif args.length > 2
+      raise Gem::CommandLineError, "Too many arguments"
+    else
+      raise Gem::CommandLineError, "Expected GEM_NAME and GEM_VERSION arguments (gem rebuild GEM_NAME GEM_VERSION)"
+    end
+
+    [gem_name, gem_version]
+  end
+
+  def build_gem(gem_name, source_date_epoch, output_file)
+    gemspec = options[:gemspec_file] || find_gemspec("#{gem_name}.gemspec")
+
+    if gemspec
+      build_package(gemspec, source_date_epoch, output_file)
+    else
+      alert_error error_message(gem_name)
+      terminate_interaction(1)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def build_package(gemspec, source_date_epoch, output_file)
+    with_source_date_epoch(source_date_epoch) do
+      spec = Gem::Specification.load(gemspec)
+      if spec
+        Gem::Package.build(
+          spec,
+          options[:force],
+          options[:strict],
+          output_file
+        )
+      else
+        alert_error "Error loading gemspec. Aborting."
+        terminate_interaction 1
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def with_source_date_epoch(source_date_epoch)
+    old_sde = ENV["SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"]
+    ENV["SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"] = source_date_epoch.to_s
+
+    yield
+  ensure
+    ENV["SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"] = old_sde
+  end
+
+  def error_message(gem_name)
+    if gem_name
+      "Couldn't find a gemspec file matching '#{gem_name}' in #{Dir.pwd}"
+    else
+      "Couldn't find a gemspec file in #{Dir.pwd}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def download_gem(gem_name, gem_version, old_file)
+    # This code was based loosely off the `gem fetch` command.
+    version = "= #{gem_version}"
+    dep = Gem::Dependency.new gem_name, version
+
+    specs_and_sources, errors =
+      Gem::SpecFetcher.fetcher.spec_for_dependency dep
+
+    # There should never be more than one item in specs_and_sources,
+    # since we search for an exact version.
+    spec, source = specs_and_sources[0]
+
+    if spec.nil?
+      show_lookup_failure gem_name, version, errors, options[:domain]
+      terminate_interaction 1
+    end
+
+    download_path = source.download spec
+
+    FileUtils.move(download_path, old_file)
+
+    say "Downloaded #{gem_name} version #{gem_version} as #{old_file}."
+  end
+
+  def rubygems_version(gem_file)
+    Gem::Package.new(gem_file).spec.rubygems_version
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/search_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/search_command.rb
index 3f8f7e13f2..50e161ac9b 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/search_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/search_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../query_utils"
 
@@ -7,8 +8,8 @@ class Gem::Commands::SearchCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "search", "Display remote gems whose name matches REGEXP",
-         :domain => :remote, :details => false, :versions => true,
-         :installed => nil, :version => Gem::Requirement.default
+         domain: :remote, details: false, versions: true,
+         installed: nil, version: Gem::Requirement.default
 
     add_query_options
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/server_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/server_command.rb
index 56be07c79d..f1dde4aa02 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/server_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/server_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 unless defined? Gem::Commands::ServerCommand
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/setup_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/setup_command.rb
index c782c3618c..3f38074280 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/setup_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/setup_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 ##
@@ -6,19 +7,19 @@ require_relative "../command"
 # RubyGems checkout or tarball.
 
 class Gem::Commands::SetupCommand < Gem::Command
-  HISTORY_HEADER = /^#\s*[\d.a-zA-Z]+\s*\/\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s*$/.freeze
-  VERSION_MATCHER = /^#\s*([\d.a-zA-Z]+)\s*\/\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s*$/.freeze
+  HISTORY_HEADER = %r{^#\s*[\d.a-zA-Z]+\s*/\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s*$}
+  VERSION_MATCHER = %r{^#\s*([\d.a-zA-Z]+)\s*/\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s*$}
 
   ENV_PATHS = %w[/usr/bin/env /bin/env].freeze
 
   def initialize
     super "setup", "Install RubyGems",
-          :format_executable => false, :document => %w[ri],
-          :force => true,
-          :site_or_vendor => "sitelibdir",
-          :destdir => "", :prefix => "", :previous_version => "",
-          :regenerate_binstubs => true,
-          :regenerate_plugins => true
+          format_executable: false, document: %w[ri],
+          force: true,
+          site_or_vendor: "sitelibdir",
+          destdir: "", prefix: "", previous_version: "",
+          regenerate_binstubs: true,
+          regenerate_plugins: true
 
     add_option "--previous-version=VERSION",
                "Previous version of RubyGems",
@@ -54,9 +55,9 @@ class Gem::Commands::SetupCommand < Gem::Command
                "List the documentation types you wish to",
                "generate.  For example: rdoc,ri" do |value, options|
       options[:document] = case value
-      when nil   then %w[rdoc ri]
-      when false then []
-      else            value
+                           when nil   then %w[rdoc ri]
+                           when false then []
+                           else value
       end
     end
 
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::SetupCommand < Gem::Command
   end
 
   def check_ruby_version
-    required_version = Gem::Requirement.new ">= 2.3.0"
+    required_version = Gem::Requirement.new ">= 2.6.0"
 
     unless required_version.satisfied_by? Gem.ruby_version
       alert_error "Expected Ruby version #{required_version}, is #{Gem.ruby_version}"
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ prefix and suffix.  If ruby was installed as `ruby18`, gem will be
 installed as `gem18`.
 
 By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
-  #{Gem.default_exec_format % 'gem'}
+  #{Gem.default_exec_format % "gem"}
     EOF
   end
 
@@ -242,9 +243,9 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
   end
 
   def install_executables(bin_dir)
-    prog_mode = options[:prog_mode] || 0755
+    prog_mode = options[:prog_mode] || 0o755
 
-    executables = { "gem" => "bin" }
+    executables = { "gem" => "exe" }
     executables.each do |tool, path|
       say "Installing #{tool} executable" if @verbose
 
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
             fp.puts bin.join
           end
 
-          install bin_tmp_file, dest_file, :mode => prog_mode
+          install bin_tmp_file, dest_file, mode: prog_mode
           bin_file_names << dest_file
         ensure
           rm bin_tmp_file
@@ -286,7 +287,7 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
   TEXT
           end
 
-          install bin_cmd_file, "#{dest_file}.bat", :mode => prog_mode
+          install bin_cmd_file, "#{dest_file}.bat", mode: prog_mode
         ensure
           rm bin_cmd_file
         end
@@ -356,7 +357,7 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
       say "Set the GEM_HOME environment variable if you want RDoc generated"
     end
 
-    return false
+    false
   end
 
   def install_default_bundler_gem(bin_dir)
@@ -368,18 +369,21 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
       File.dirname(loaded_from)
     else
       target_specs_dir = File.join(default_dir, "specifications", "default")
-      mkdir_p target_specs_dir, :mode => 0755
+      mkdir_p target_specs_dir, mode: 0o755
       target_specs_dir
     end
 
-    bundler_spec = Dir.chdir("bundler") { Gem::Specification.load("bundler.gemspec") }
-    default_spec_path = File.join(specs_dir, "#{bundler_spec.full_name}.gemspec")
-    Gem.write_binary(default_spec_path, bundler_spec.to_ruby)
+    new_bundler_spec = Dir.chdir("bundler") { Gem::Specification.load("bundler.gemspec") }
+    full_name = new_bundler_spec.full_name
+    gemspec_path = "#{full_name}.gemspec"
+
+    default_spec_path = File.join(specs_dir, gemspec_path)
+    Gem.write_binary(default_spec_path, new_bundler_spec.to_ruby)
 
     bundler_spec = Gem::Specification.load(default_spec_path)
 
     # Remove gemspec that was same version of vendored bundler.
-    normal_gemspec = File.join(default_dir, "specifications", "bundler-#{bundler_spec.version}.gemspec")
+    normal_gemspec = File.join(default_dir, "specifications", gemspec_path)
     if File.file? normal_gemspec
       File.delete normal_gemspec
     end
@@ -387,20 +391,14 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
     # Remove gem files that were same version of vendored bundler.
     if File.directory? bundler_spec.gems_dir
       Dir.entries(bundler_spec.gems_dir).
-        select {|default_gem| File.basename(default_gem) == "bundler-#{bundler_spec.version}" }.
+        select {|default_gem| File.basename(default_gem) == full_name }.
         each {|default_gem| rm_r File.join(bundler_spec.gems_dir, default_gem) }
     end
 
-    bundler_bin_dir = bundler_spec.bin_dir
-    mkdir_p bundler_bin_dir, :mode => 0755
-    bundler_spec.executables.each do |e|
-      cp File.join("bundler", bundler_spec.bindir, e), File.join(bundler_bin_dir, e)
-    end
-
     require_relative "../installer"
 
     Dir.chdir("bundler") do
-      built_gem = Gem::Package.build(bundler_spec)
+      built_gem = Gem::Package.build(new_bundler_spec)
       begin
         Gem::Installer.at(
           built_gem,
@@ -417,9 +415,9 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
       end
     end
 
-    bundler_spec.executables.each {|executable| bin_file_names << target_bin_path(bin_dir, executable) }
+    new_bundler_spec.executables.each {|executable| bin_file_names << target_bin_path(bin_dir, executable) }
 
-    say "Bundler #{bundler_spec.version} installed"
+    say "Bundler #{new_bundler_spec.version} installed"
   end
 
   def make_destination_dirs
@@ -429,10 +427,10 @@ By default, this RubyGems will install gem as:
       lib_dir, bin_dir = generate_default_dirs
     end
 
-    mkdir_p lib_dir, :mode => 0755
-    mkdir_p bin_dir, :mode => 0755
+    mkdir_p lib_dir, mode: 0o755
+    mkdir_p bin_dir, mode: 0o755
 
-    return lib_dir, bin_dir
+    [lib_dir, bin_dir]
   end
 
   def generate_default_man_dir
@@ -575,8 +573,8 @@ abort "#{deprecation_message}"
   def uninstall_old_gemcutter
     require_relative "../uninstaller"
 
-    ui = Gem::Uninstaller.new("gemcutter", :all => true, :ignore => true,
-                              :version => "< 0.4")
+    ui = Gem::Uninstaller.new("gemcutter", all: true, ignore: true,
+                                           version: "< 0.4")
     ui.uninstall
   rescue Gem::InstallError
   end
@@ -638,10 +636,10 @@ abort "#{deprecation_message}"
     dest_file = File.join dest_dir, file
     dest_dir = File.dirname dest_file
     unless File.directory? dest_dir
-      mkdir_p dest_dir, :mode => 0755
+      mkdir_p dest_dir, mode: 0o755
     end
 
-    install file, dest_file, :mode => options[:data_mode] || 0644
+    install file, dest_file, mode: options[:data_mode] || 0o644
   end
 
   def remove_file_list(files, dir)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/signin_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/signin_command.rb
index 2660eee4f3..0f77908c5b 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/signin_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/signin_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../gemcutter_utilities"
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/signout_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/signout_command.rb
index fa688ea3f8..bdd01e4393 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/signout_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/signout_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 class Gem::Commands::SignoutCommand < Gem::Command
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/sources_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/sources_command.rb
index 5a8f5af9c3..976f4a4ea2 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/sources_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/sources_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../remote_fetcher"
 require_relative "../spec_fetcher"
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::SourcesCommand < Gem::Command
 
         say "#{source_uri} added to sources"
       end
-    rescue URI::Error, ArgumentError
+    rescue Gem::URI::Error, ArgumentError
       say "#{source_uri} is not a URI"
       terminate_interaction 1
     rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::SourcesCommand < Gem::Command
   def check_typo_squatting(source)
     if source.typo_squatting?("rubygems.org")
       question = <<-QUESTION.chomp
-#{source.uri.to_s} is too similar to https://rubygems.org
+#{source.uri} is too similar to https://rubygems.org
 
 Do you want to add this source?
       QUESTION
@@ -80,10 +81,10 @@ Do you want to add this source?
   end
 
   def check_rubygems_https(source_uri) # :nodoc:
-    uri = URI source_uri
+    uri = Gem::URI source_uri
 
-    if uri.scheme && uri.scheme.downcase == "http" &&
-       uri.host.downcase == "rubygems.org"
+    if uri.scheme && uri.scheme.casecmp("http").zero? &&
+       uri.host.casecmp("rubygems.org").zero?
       question = <<-QUESTION.chomp
 https://rubygems.org is recommended for security over #{uri}
 
@@ -98,16 +99,16 @@ Do you want to add this insecure source?
     path = Gem.spec_cache_dir
     FileUtils.rm_rf path
 
-    unless File.exist? path
-      say "*** Removed specs cache ***"
-    else
-      unless File.writable? path
-        say "*** Unable to remove source cache (write protected) ***"
-      else
+    if File.exist? path
+      if File.writable? path
         say "*** Unable to remove source cache ***"
+      else
+        say "*** Unable to remove source cache (write protected) ***"
       end
 
       terminate_interaction 1
+    else
+      say "*** Removed specs cache ***"
     end
   end
 
@@ -193,13 +194,13 @@ To remove a source use the --remove argument:
   end
 
   def remove_source(source_uri) # :nodoc:
-    unless Gem.sources.include? source_uri
-      say "source #{source_uri} not present in cache"
-    else
+    if Gem.sources.include? source_uri
       Gem.sources.delete source_uri
       Gem.configuration.write
 
       say "#{source_uri} removed from sources"
+    else
+      say "source #{source_uri} not present in cache"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/specification_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/specification_command.rb
index 12004a6d56..a21ed35be3 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/specification_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/specification_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../version_option"
@@ -12,27 +13,27 @@ class Gem::Commands::SpecificationCommand < Gem::Command
     Gem.load_yaml
 
     super "specification", "Display gem specification (in yaml)",
-          :domain => :local, :version => Gem::Requirement.default,
-          :format => :yaml
+          domain: :local, version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+          format: :yaml
 
     add_version_option("examine")
     add_platform_option
     add_prerelease_option
 
     add_option("--all", "Output specifications for all versions of",
-               "the gem") do |value, options|
+               "the gem") do |_value, options|
       options[:all] = true
     end
 
-    add_option("--ruby", "Output ruby format") do |value, options|
+    add_option("--ruby", "Output ruby format") do |_value, options|
       options[:format] = :ruby
     end
 
-    add_option("--yaml", "Output YAML format") do |value, options|
+    add_option("--yaml", "Output YAML format") do |_value, options|
       options[:format] = :yaml
     end
 
-    add_option("--marshal", "Output Marshal format") do |value, options|
+    add_option("--marshal", "Output Marshal format") do |_value, options|
       options[:format] = :marshal
     end
 
@@ -106,7 +107,11 @@ Specific fields in the specification can be extracted in YAML format:
 
     if local?
       if File.exist? gem
-        specs << Gem::Package.new(gem).spec rescue nil
+        begin
+          specs << Gem::Package.new(gem).spec
+        rescue StandardError
+          nil
+        end
       end
 
       if specs.empty?
@@ -133,16 +138,16 @@ Specific fields in the specification can be extracted in YAML format:
     end
 
     unless options[:all]
-      specs = [specs.max_by {|s| s.version }]
+      specs = [specs.max_by(&:version)]
     end
 
     specs.each do |s|
       s = s.send field if field
 
       say case options[:format]
-      when :ruby then s.to_ruby
-      when :marshal then Marshal.dump s
-      else s.to_yaml
+          when :ruby then s.to_ruby
+          when :marshal then Marshal.dump s
+          else s.to_yaml
       end
 
       say "\n"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/stale_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/stale_command.rb
index 0246f42e3e..0be2b85159 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/stale_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/stale_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 class Gem::Commands::StaleCommand < Gem::Command
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ longer using.
   end
 
   def usage # :nodoc:
-    "#{program_name}"
+    program_name.to_s
   end
 
   def execute
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ longer using.
     end
 
     gem_to_atime.sort_by {|_, atime| atime }.each do |name, atime|
-      say "#{name} at #{atime.strftime '%c'}"
+      say "#{name} at #{atime.strftime "%c"}"
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/uninstall_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/uninstall_command.rb
index 3c520826e5..2a77ec72cf 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/uninstall_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/uninstall_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 require_relative "../uninstaller"
@@ -14,12 +15,11 @@ class Gem::Commands::UninstallCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     super "uninstall", "Uninstall gems from the local repository",
-          :version => Gem::Requirement.default, :user_install => true,
-          :check_dev => false, :vendor => false
+          version: Gem::Requirement.default, user_install: true,
+          check_dev: false, vendor: false
 
     add_option("-a", "--[no-]all",
-      "Uninstall all matching versions"
-    ) do |value, options|
+      "Uninstall all matching versions") do |value, options|
       options[:all] = value
     end
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::UninstallCommand < Gem::Command
 
     add_option("--vendor",
                "Uninstall gem from the vendor directory.",
-               "Only for use by gem repackagers.") do |value, options|
+               "Only for use by gem repackagers.") do |_value, options|
       unless Gem.vendor_dir
         raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidOption.new "your platform is not supported"
       end
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::UninstallCommand < Gem::Command
   end
 
   def defaults_str # :nodoc:
-    "--version '#{Gem::Requirement.default}' --no-force " +
+    "--version '#{Gem::Requirement.default}' --no-force " \
       "--user-install"
   end
 
@@ -125,6 +125,9 @@ that is a dependency of an existing gem.  You can use the
   def execute
     check_version
 
+    # Consider only gem specifications installed at `--install-dir`
+    Gem::Specification.dirs = options[:install_dir] if options[:install_dir]
+
     if options[:all] && !options[:args].empty?
       uninstall_specific
     elsif options[:all]
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ that is a dependency of an existing gem.  You can use the
   end
 
   def uninstall_all
-    specs = Gem::Specification.reject {|spec| spec.default_gem? }
+    specs = Gem::Specification.reject(&:default_gem?)
 
     specs.each do |spec|
       options[:version] = spec.version
@@ -165,15 +168,14 @@ that is a dependency of an existing gem.  You can use the
     gems_to_uninstall = {}
 
     deps.each do |dep|
-      unless gems_to_uninstall[dep.name]
+      if original_gem_version[dep.name] == Gem::Requirement.default
+        next if gems_to_uninstall[dep.name]
         gems_to_uninstall[dep.name] = true
-
-        unless original_gem_version[dep.name] == Gem::Requirement.default
-          options[:version] = dep.version
-        end
-
-        uninstall_gem(dep.name)
+      else
+        options[:version] = dep.version
       end
+
+      uninstall_gem(dep.name)
     end
   end
 
@@ -181,12 +183,12 @@ that is a dependency of an existing gem.  You can use the
     uninstall(gem_name)
   rescue Gem::GemNotInHomeException => e
     spec = e.spec
-    alert("In order to remove #{spec.name}, please execute:\n" +
+    alert("In order to remove #{spec.name}, please execute:\n" \
           "\tgem uninstall #{spec.name} --install-dir=#{spec.installation_path}")
   rescue Gem::UninstallError => e
     spec = e.spec
-    alert_error("Error: unable to successfully uninstall '#{spec.name}' which is " +
-          "located at '#{spec.full_gem_path}'. This is most likely because" +
+    alert_error("Error: unable to successfully uninstall '#{spec.name}' which is " \
+          "located at '#{spec.full_gem_path}'. This is most likely because" \
           "the current user does not have the appropriate permissions")
     terminate_interaction 1
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/unpack_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/unpack_command.rb
index a365e85416..f25c045c62 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/unpack_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/unpack_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../version_option"
 require_relative "../security_option"
@@ -20,15 +21,15 @@ class Gem::Commands::UnpackCommand < Gem::Command
     require "fileutils"
 
     super "unpack", "Unpack an installed gem to the current directory",
-          :version => Gem::Requirement.default,
-          :target  => Dir.pwd
+          version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+          target: Dir.pwd
 
     add_option("--target=DIR",
                "target directory for unpacking") do |value, options|
       options[:target] = value
     end
 
-    add_option("--spec", "unpack the gem specification") do |value, options|
+    add_option("--spec", "unpack the gem specification") do |_value, options|
       options[:spec] = true
     end
 
@@ -95,12 +96,10 @@ command help for an example.
 
         FileUtils.mkdir_p @options[:target] if @options[:target]
 
-        destination = begin
-          if @options[:target]
-            File.join @options[:target], spec_file
-          else
-            spec_file
-          end
+        destination = if @options[:target]
+          File.join @options[:target], spec_file
+        else
+          spec_file
         end
 
         File.open destination, "w" do |io|
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ command help for an example.
       return this_path if File.exist? this_path
     end
 
-    return nil
+    nil
   end
 
   ##
@@ -152,16 +151,16 @@ command help for an example.
   # source directories?
 
   def get_path(dependency)
-    return dependency.name if dependency.name =~ /\.gem$/i
+    return dependency.name if /\.gem$/i.match?(dependency.name)
 
     specs = dependency.matching_specs
 
-    selected = specs.max_by {|s| s.version }
+    selected = specs.max_by(&:version)
 
     return Gem::RemoteFetcher.fetcher.download_to_cache(dependency) unless
       selected
 
-    return unless dependency.name =~ /^#{selected.name}$/i
+    return unless /^#{selected.name}$/i.match?(dependency.name)
 
     # We expect to find (basename).gem in the 'cache' directory.  Furthermore,
     # the name match must be exact (ignoring case).
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/update_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/update_command.rb
index 7c24fedcde..3d6fecaa40 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/update_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/update_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../command_manager"
 require_relative "../dependency_installer"
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ class Gem::Commands::UpdateCommand < Gem::Command
 
   def initialize
     options = {
-      :force => false,
+      force: false,
     }
 
     options.merge!(install_update_options)
@@ -36,10 +37,10 @@ class Gem::Commands::UpdateCommand < Gem::Command
     end
 
     add_option("--system [VERSION]", Gem::Version,
-               "Update the RubyGems system software") do |value, options|
-      value = true unless value
+               "Update the RubyGems system software") do |value, opts|
+      value ||= true
 
-      options[:system] = value
+      opts[:system] = value
     end
 
     add_local_remote_options
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ command to remove old versions.
     updated = update_gems gems_to_update
 
     installed_names = highest_installed_gems.keys
-    updated_names = updated.map {|spec| spec.name }
+    updated_names = updated.map(&:name)
     not_updated_names = options[:args].uniq - updated_names
     not_installed_names = not_updated_names - installed_names
     up_to_date_names = not_updated_names - not_installed_names
@@ -127,10 +128,10 @@ command to remove old versions.
     if updated.empty?
       say "Nothing to update"
     else
-      say "Gems updated: #{updated_names.join(' ')}"
+      say "Gems updated: #{updated_names.join(" ")}"
     end
-    say "Gems already up-to-date: #{up_to_date_names.join(' ')}" unless up_to_date_names.empty?
-    say "Gems not currently installed: #{not_installed_names.join(' ')}" unless not_installed_names.empty?
+    say "Gems already up-to-date: #{up_to_date_names.join(" ")}" unless up_to_date_names.empty?
+    say "Gems not currently installed: #{not_installed_names.join(" ")}" unless not_installed_names.empty?
   end
 
   def fetch_remote_gems(spec) # :nodoc:
@@ -185,7 +186,9 @@ command to remove old versions.
         system Gem.ruby, "--disable-gems", "setup.rb", *args
       end
 
-      say "RubyGems system software updated" if installed unless options[:silent]
+      unless options[:silent]
+        say "RubyGems system software updated" if installed
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -230,7 +233,7 @@ command to remove old versions.
     highest_remote_tup = highest_remote_name_tuple(rubygems_update)
     target = highest_remote_tup ? highest_remote_tup.version : version
 
-    return target, requirement
+    [target, requirement]
   end
 
   def update_gem(name, version = Gem::Requirement.default)
@@ -241,7 +244,7 @@ command to remove old versions.
 
     @installer = Gem::DependencyInstaller.new update_options
 
-    say "Updating #{name}" unless options[:system] && options[:silent]
+    say "Updating #{name}" unless options[:system]
     begin
       @installer.install name, Gem::Requirement.new(version)
     rescue Gem::InstallError, Gem::DependencyError => e
@@ -279,7 +282,7 @@ command to remove old versions.
     check_oldest_rubygems version
 
     installed_gems = Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name "rubygems-update", requirement
-    installed_gems = update_gem("rubygems-update", version) if installed_gems.empty? || installed_gems.first.version != version
+    installed_gems = update_gem("rubygems-update", requirement) if installed_gems.empty? || installed_gems.first.version != version
     return if installed_gems.empty?
 
     install_rubygems installed_gems.first
@@ -291,16 +294,14 @@ command to remove old versions.
     args << "--prefix" << Gem.prefix if Gem.prefix
     args << "--no-document" unless options[:document].include?("rdoc") || options[:document].include?("ri")
     args << "--no-format-executable" if options[:no_format_executable]
-    args << "--previous-version" << Gem::VERSION if
-      options[:system] == true ||
-      Gem::Version.new(options[:system]) >= Gem::Version.new(2)
+    args << "--previous-version" << Gem::VERSION
     args
   end
 
   def which_to_update(highest_installed_gems, gem_names)
     result = []
 
-    highest_installed_gems.each do |l_name, l_spec|
+    highest_installed_gems.each do |_l_name, l_spec|
       next if !gem_names.empty? &&
               gem_names.none? {|name| name == l_spec.name }
 
@@ -325,18 +326,8 @@ command to remove old versions.
     @oldest_supported_version ||=
       if Gem.ruby_version > Gem::Version.new("3.1.a")
         Gem::Version.new("3.3.3")
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version > Gem::Version.new("3.0.a")
-        Gem::Version.new("3.2.3")
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version > Gem::Version.new("2.7.a")
-        Gem::Version.new("3.1.2")
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version > Gem::Version.new("2.6.a")
-        Gem::Version.new("3.0.1")
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version > Gem::Version.new("2.5.a")
-        Gem::Version.new("2.7.3")
-      elsif Gem.ruby_version > Gem::Version.new("2.4.a")
-        Gem::Version.new("2.6.8")
       else
-        Gem::Version.new("2.5.2")
+        Gem::Version.new("3.2.3")
       end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/which_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/which_command.rb
index 5b9a79b734..5ed4d9d142 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/which_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/which_command.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 
 class Gem::Commands::WhichCommand < Gem::Command
   def initialize
     super "which", "Find the location of a library file you can require",
-          :search_gems_first => false, :show_all => false
+          search_gems_first: false, show_all: false
 
     add_option "-a", "--[no-]all", "show all matching files" do |show_all, options|
       options[:show_all] = show_all
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/commands/yank_command.rb b/lib/rubygems/commands/yank_command.rb
index 1499f72f5d..fbdc262549 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/commands/yank_command.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/commands/yank_command.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../command"
 require_relative "../local_remote_options"
 require_relative "../version_option"
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ data you will need to change them immediately and yank your gem.
   end
 
   def yank_gem(version, platform)
-    say "Yanking gem from #{self.host}..."
+    say "Yanking gem from #{host}..."
     args = [:delete, version, platform, "api/v1/gems/yank"]
     response = yank_api_request(*args)
 
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ data you will need to change them immediately and yank your gem.
 
   def get_version_from_requirements(requirements)
     requirements.requirements.first[1].version
-  rescue
+  rescue StandardError
     nil
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/compatibility.rb b/lib/rubygems/compatibility.rb
index b4c1ef16fa..0d9df56f8a 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/compatibility.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/compatibility.rb
@@ -26,17 +26,16 @@ module Gem
     rubylibdir
   ].freeze
 
-  unless defined?(ConfigMap)
+  if defined?(ConfigMap)
+    RbConfigPriorities.each do |key|
+      ConfigMap[key.to_sym] = RbConfig::CONFIG[key]
+    end
+  else
     ##
     # Configuration settings from ::RbConfig
     ConfigMap = Hash.new do |cm, key|
       cm[key] = RbConfig::CONFIG[key.to_s]
     end
     deprecate_constant(:ConfigMap)
-  else
-    RbConfigPriorities.each do |key|
-      ConfigMap[key.to_sym] = RbConfig::CONFIG[key]
-    end
   end
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/config_file.rb b/lib/rubygems/config_file.rb
index c53e209ae8..3200beb45f 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/config_file.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/config_file.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -187,10 +188,10 @@ class Gem::ConfigFile
     operating_system_config = Marshal.load Marshal.dump(OPERATING_SYSTEM_DEFAULTS)
     platform_config = Marshal.load Marshal.dump(PLATFORM_DEFAULTS)
     system_config = load_file SYSTEM_WIDE_CONFIG_FILE
-    user_config = load_file config_file_name.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    user_config = load_file config_file_name
 
-    environment_config = (ENV["GEMRC"] || "")
-      .split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).inject({}) do |result, file|
+    environment_config = (ENV["GEMRC"] || "").
+      split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).inject({}) do |result, file|
         result.merge load_file file
       end
 
@@ -201,21 +202,33 @@ class Gem::ConfigFile
       @hash = @hash.merge environment_config
     end
 
-    # HACK these override command-line args, which is bad
+    @hash.transform_keys! do |k|
+      # gemhome and gempath are not working with symbol keys
+      if %w[backtrace bulk_threshold verbose update_sources cert_expiration_length_days
+            install_extension_in_lib ipv4_fallback_enabled sources disable_default_gem_server
+            ssl_verify_mode ssl_ca_cert ssl_client_cert].include?(k)
+        k.to_sym
+      else
+        k
+      end
+    end
+
+    # HACK: these override command-line args, which is bad
     @backtrace                   = @hash[:backtrace]                   if @hash.key? :backtrace
     @bulk_threshold              = @hash[:bulk_threshold]              if @hash.key? :bulk_threshold
-    @home                        = @hash[:gemhome]                     if @hash.key? :gemhome
-    @path                        = @hash[:gempath]                     if @hash.key? :gempath
-    @update_sources              = @hash[:update_sources]              if @hash.key? :update_sources
     @verbose                     = @hash[:verbose]                     if @hash.key? :verbose
-    @disable_default_gem_server  = @hash[:disable_default_gem_server]  if @hash.key? :disable_default_gem_server
-    @sources                     = @hash[:sources]                     if @hash.key? :sources
+    @update_sources              = @hash[:update_sources]              if @hash.key? :update_sources
+    # TODO: We should handle concurrent_downloads same as other options
     @cert_expiration_length_days = @hash[:cert_expiration_length_days] if @hash.key? :cert_expiration_length_days
     @ipv4_fallback_enabled       = @hash[:ipv4_fallback_enabled]       if @hash.key? :ipv4_fallback_enabled
 
-    @ssl_verify_mode  = @hash[:ssl_verify_mode]  if @hash.key? :ssl_verify_mode
-    @ssl_ca_cert      = @hash[:ssl_ca_cert]      if @hash.key? :ssl_ca_cert
-    @ssl_client_cert  = @hash[:ssl_client_cert]  if @hash.key? :ssl_client_cert
+    @home                        = @hash[:gemhome]                     if @hash.key? :gemhome
+    @path                        = @hash[:gempath]                     if @hash.key? :gempath
+    @sources                     = @hash[:sources]                     if @hash.key? :sources
+    @disable_default_gem_server  = @hash[:disable_default_gem_server]  if @hash.key? :disable_default_gem_server
+    @ssl_verify_mode             = @hash[:ssl_verify_mode]             if @hash.key? :ssl_verify_mode
+    @ssl_ca_cert                 = @hash[:ssl_ca_cert]                 if @hash.key? :ssl_ca_cert
+    @ssl_client_cert             = @hash[:ssl_client_cert]             if @hash.key? :ssl_client_cert
 
     @api_keys         = nil
     @rubygems_api_key = nil
@@ -240,9 +253,9 @@ class Gem::ConfigFile
     return if Gem.win_platform? # windows doesn't write 0600 as 0600
     return unless File.exist? credentials_path
 
-    existing_permissions = File.stat(credentials_path).mode & 0777
+    existing_permissions = File.stat(credentials_path).mode & 0o777
 
-    return if existing_permissions == 0600
+    return if existing_permissions == 0o600
 
     alert_error <<-ERROR
 Your gem push credentials file located at:
@@ -323,11 +336,9 @@ if you believe they were disclosed to a third party.
     require "fileutils"
     FileUtils.mkdir_p(dirname)
 
-    Gem.load_yaml
-
-    permissions = 0600 & (~File.umask)
+    permissions = 0o600 & (~File.umask)
     File.open(credentials_path, "w", permissions) do |f|
-      f.write config.to_yaml
+      f.write self.class.dump_with_rubygems_yaml(config)
     end
 
     load_api_keys # reload
@@ -343,20 +354,18 @@ if you believe they were disclosed to a third party.
   end
 
   def load_file(filename)
-    Gem.load_yaml
-
     yaml_errors = [ArgumentError]
-    yaml_errors << Psych::SyntaxError if defined?(Psych::SyntaxError)
 
     return {} unless filename && !filename.empty? && File.exist?(filename)
 
     begin
-      content = Gem::SafeYAML.load(File.read(filename))
-      unless content.kind_of? Hash
+      config = self.class.load_with_rubygems_config_hash(File.read(filename))
+      if config.keys.any? {|k| k.to_s.gsub(%r{https?:\/\/}, "").include?(": ") }
         warn "Failed to load #{filename} because it doesn't contain valid YAML hash"
         return {}
+      else
+        return config
       end
-      return content
     rescue *yaml_errors => e
       warn "Failed to load #{filename}, #{e}"
     rescue Errno::EACCES
@@ -371,11 +380,44 @@ if you believe they were disclosed to a third party.
     @backtrace || $DEBUG
   end
 
+  # Check state file is writable. Creates empty file if not present to ensure we can write to it.
+  def state_file_writable?
+    if File.exist?(state_file_name)
+      File.writable?(state_file_name)
+    else
+      require "fileutils"
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p File.dirname(state_file_name)
+      File.open(state_file_name, "w") {}
+      true
+    end
+  rescue Errno::EACCES
+    false
+  end
+
   # The name of the configuration file.
   def config_file_name
     @config_file_name || Gem.config_file
   end
 
+  # The name of the state file.
+  def state_file_name
+    Gem.state_file
+  end
+
+  # Reads time of last update check from state file
+  def last_update_check
+    if File.readable?(state_file_name)
+      File.read(state_file_name).to_i
+    else
+      0
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Writes time of last update check to state file
+  def last_update_check=(timestamp)
+    File.write(state_file_name, timestamp.to_s) if state_file_writable?
+  end
+
   # Delegates to @hash
   def each(&block)
     hash = @hash.dup
@@ -443,17 +485,17 @@ if you believe they were disclosed to a third party.
     yaml_hash[:ssl_client_cert] =
       @hash[:ssl_client_cert] if @hash.key? :ssl_client_cert
 
-    keys = yaml_hash.keys.map {|key| key.to_s }
+    keys = yaml_hash.keys.map(&:to_s)
     keys << "debug"
     re = Regexp.union(*keys)
 
     @hash.each do |key, value|
       key = key.to_s
-      next if key =~ re
+      next if key&.match?(re)
       yaml_hash[key.to_s] = value
     end
 
-    yaml_hash.to_yaml
+    self.class.dump_with_rubygems_yaml(yaml_hash)
   end
 
   # Writes out this config file, replacing its source.
@@ -488,6 +530,57 @@ if you believe they were disclosed to a third party.
   attr_reader :hash
   protected :hash
 
+  def self.dump_with_rubygems_yaml(content)
+    content.transform_keys! do |k|
+      k.is_a?(Symbol) ? ":#{k}" : k
+    end
+
+    require_relative "yaml_serializer"
+    Gem::YAMLSerializer.dump(content)
+  end
+
+  def self.load_with_rubygems_config_hash(yaml)
+    require_relative "yaml_serializer"
+
+    content = Gem::YAMLSerializer.load(yaml)
+
+    content.transform_keys! do |k|
+      if k.match?(/\A:(.*)\Z/)
+        k[1..-1].to_sym
+      elsif k.include?("__") || k.match?(%r{/\Z})
+        if k.is_a?(Symbol)
+          k.to_s.gsub(/__/,".").gsub(%r{/\Z}, "").to_sym
+        else
+          k.dup.gsub(/__/,".").gsub(%r{/\Z}, "")
+        end
+      else
+        k
+      end
+    end
+
+    content.transform_values! do |v|
+      if v.is_a?(String)
+        if v.match?(/\A:(.*)\Z/)
+          v[1..-1].to_sym
+        elsif v.match?(/\A[+-]?\d+\Z/)
+          v.to_i
+        elsif v.match?(/\Atrue|false\Z/)
+          v == "true"
+        elsif v.empty?
+          nil
+        else
+          v
+        end
+      elsif v.is_a?(Hash) && v.empty?
+        nil
+      else
+        v
+      end
+    end
+
+    content
+  end
+
   private
 
   def set_config_file_name(args)
@@ -500,7 +593,7 @@ if you believe they were disclosed to a third party.
         need_config_file_name = false
       elsif arg =~ /^--config-file=(.*)/
         @config_file_name = $1
-      elsif arg =~ /^--config-file$/
+      elsif /^--config-file$/.match?(arg)
         need_config_file_name = true
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb
index 6f96cab84f..4e09b95c44 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-##
-# RubyGems adds the #gem method to allow activation of specific gem versions
-# and overrides the #require method on Kernel to make gems appear as if they
-# live on the <code>$LOAD_PATH</code>.  See the documentation of these methods
-# for further detail.
 
 module Kernel
-
   ##
   # Use Kernel#gem to activate a specific version of +gem_name+.
   #
@@ -42,9 +36,9 @@ module Kernel
     skip_list = (ENV["GEM_SKIP"] || "").split(/:/)
     raise Gem::LoadError, "skipping #{gem_name}" if skip_list.include? gem_name
 
-    if gem_name.kind_of? Gem::Dependency
+    if gem_name.is_a? Gem::Dependency
       unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
-        warn "#{Gem.location_of_caller.join ':'}:Warning: Kernel.gem no longer "\
+        warn "#{Gem.location_of_caller.join ":"}:Warning: Kernel.gem no longer "\
           "accepts a Gem::Dependency object, please pass the name "\
           "and requirements directly"
       end
@@ -71,5 +65,4 @@ module Kernel
   end
 
   private :gem
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb
index 8064d813e1..073966b696 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -8,17 +9,16 @@
 require "monitor"
 
 module Kernel
-
   RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR = Monitor.new # :nodoc:
 
   # Make sure we have a reference to Ruby's original Kernel#require
   unless defined?(gem_original_require)
-    alias gem_original_require require
+    # :stopdoc:
+    alias_method :gem_original_require, :require
     private :gem_original_require
+    # :startdoc:
   end
 
-  file = Gem::KERNEL_WARN_IGNORES_INTERNAL_ENTRIES ? "<internal:#{__FILE__}>" : __FILE__
-  module_eval <<'RUBY', file, __LINE__ + 1 # rubocop:disable Style/EvalWithLocation
   ##
   # When RubyGems is required, Kernel#require is replaced with our own which
   # is capable of loading gems on demand.
@@ -33,143 +33,117 @@ module Kernel
   # The normal <tt>require</tt> functionality of returning false if
   # that file has already been loaded is preserved.
 
-  def require(path)
-    if RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.respond_to?(:mon_owned?)
-      monitor_owned = RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.mon_owned?
-    end
-    RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.enter
-
-    path = path.to_path if path.respond_to? :to_path
-
-    if spec = Gem.find_unresolved_default_spec(path)
-      # Ensure -I beats a default gem
-      resolved_path = begin
-        rp = nil
-        load_path_check_index = Gem.load_path_insert_index - Gem.activated_gem_paths
-        Gem.suffixes.each do |s|
-          $LOAD_PATH[0...load_path_check_index].each do |lp|
-            safe_lp = lp.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
-            begin
-              if File.symlink? safe_lp # for backward compatibility
+  def require(path) # :doc:
+    return gem_original_require(path) unless Gem.discover_gems_on_require
+
+    RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.synchronize do
+      path = File.path(path)
+
+      # If +path+ belongs to a default gem, we activate it and then go straight
+      # to normal require
+
+      if spec = Gem.find_default_spec(path)
+        name = spec.name
+
+        next if Gem.loaded_specs[name]
+
+        # Ensure -I beats a default gem
+        resolved_path = begin
+          rp = nil
+          load_path_check_index = Gem.load_path_insert_index - Gem.activated_gem_paths
+          Gem.suffixes.find do |s|
+            $LOAD_PATH[0...load_path_check_index].find do |lp|
+              if File.symlink? lp # for backward compatibility
                 next
               end
-            rescue SecurityError
-              RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-              raise
-            end
 
-            full_path = File.expand_path(File.join(safe_lp, "#{path}#{s}"))
-            if File.file?(full_path)
-              rp = full_path
-              break
+              full_path = File.expand_path(File.join(lp, "#{path}#{s}"))
+              rp = full_path if File.file?(full_path)
             end
           end
-          break if rp
+          rp
         end
-        rp
-      end
 
-      begin
-        Kernel.send(:gem, spec.name, Gem::Requirement.default_prerelease)
-      rescue Exception
-        RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-        raise
-      end unless resolved_path
-    end
+        Kernel.send(:gem, name, Gem::Requirement.default_prerelease) unless
+          resolved_path
 
-    # If there are no unresolved deps, then we can use just try
-    # normal require handle loading a gem from the rescue below.
+        next
+      end
 
-    if Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.empty?
-      RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-      return gem_original_require(path)
-    end
+      # If there are no unresolved deps, then we can use just try
+      # normal require handle loading a gem from the rescue below.
 
-    # If +path+ is for a gem that has already been loaded, don't
-    # bother trying to find it in an unresolved gem, just go straight
-    # to normal require.
-    #--
-    # TODO request access to the C implementation of this to speed up RubyGems
+      if Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.empty?
+        next
+      end
 
-    if Gem::Specification.find_active_stub_by_path(path)
-      RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-      return gem_original_require(path)
-    end
+      # If +path+ is for a gem that has already been loaded, don't
+      # bother trying to find it in an unresolved gem, just go straight
+      # to normal require.
+      #--
+      # TODO request access to the C implementation of this to speed up RubyGems
 
-    # Attempt to find +path+ in any unresolved gems...
-
-    found_specs = Gem::Specification.find_in_unresolved path
-
-    # If there are no directly unresolved gems, then try and find +path+
-    # in any gems that are available via the currently unresolved gems.
-    # For example, given:
-    #
-    #   a => b => c => d
-    #
-    # If a and b are currently active with c being unresolved and d.rb is
-    # requested, then find_in_unresolved_tree will find d.rb in d because
-    # it's a dependency of c.
-    #
-    if found_specs.empty?
-      found_specs = Gem::Specification.find_in_unresolved_tree path
-
-      found_specs.each do |found_spec|
-        found_spec.activate
+      if Gem::Specification.find_active_stub_by_path(path)
+        next
       end
 
-    # We found +path+ directly in an unresolved gem. Now we figure out, of
-    # the possible found specs, which one we should activate.
-    else
+      # Attempt to find +path+ in any unresolved gems...
 
-      # Check that all the found specs are just different
-      # versions of the same gem
-      names = found_specs.map(&:name).uniq
+      found_specs = Gem::Specification.find_in_unresolved path
 
-      if names.size > 1
-        RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-        raise Gem::LoadError, "#{path} found in multiple gems: #{names.join ', '}"
-      end
+      # If there are no directly unresolved gems, then try and find +path+
+      # in any gems that are available via the currently unresolved gems.
+      # For example, given:
+      #
+      #   a => b => c => d
+      #
+      # If a and b are currently active with c being unresolved and d.rb is
+      # requested, then find_in_unresolved_tree will find d.rb in d because
+      # it's a dependency of c.
+      #
+      if found_specs.empty?
+        found_specs = Gem::Specification.find_in_unresolved_tree path
 
-      # Ok, now find a gem that has no conflicts, starting
-      # at the highest version.
-      valid = found_specs.find {|s| !s.has_conflicts? }
+        found_specs.each(&:activate)
 
-      unless valid
-        le = Gem::LoadError.new "unable to find a version of '#{names.first}' to activate"
-        le.name = names.first
-        RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-        raise le
-      end
+      # We found +path+ directly in an unresolved gem. Now we figure out, of
+      # the possible found specs, which one we should activate.
+      else
 
-      valid.activate
-    end
+        # Check that all the found specs are just different
+        # versions of the same gem
+        names = found_specs.map(&:name).uniq
 
-    RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
-    return gem_original_require(path)
-  rescue LoadError => load_error
-    RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.enter
+        if names.size > 1
+          raise Gem::LoadError, "#{path} found in multiple gems: #{names.join ", "}"
+        end
 
-    begin
-      if load_error.path == path and Gem.try_activate(path)
-        require_again = true
+        # Ok, now find a gem that has no conflicts, starting
+        # at the highest version.
+        valid = found_specs.find {|s| !s.has_conflicts? }
+
+        unless valid
+          le = Gem::LoadError.new "unable to find a version of '#{names.first}' to activate"
+          le.name = names.first
+          raise le
+        end
+
+        valid.activate
       end
-    ensure
-      RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.exit
     end
 
-    return gem_original_require(path) if require_again
+    begin
+      gem_original_require(path)
+    rescue LoadError => load_error
+      if load_error.path == path &&
+         RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.synchronize { Gem.try_activate(path) }
 
-    raise load_error
-  ensure
-    if RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.respond_to?(:mon_owned?)
-      if monitor_owned != (ow = RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.mon_owned?)
-        STDERR.puts [$$, Thread.current, $!, $!.backtrace].inspect if $!
-        raise "CRITICAL: RUBYGEMS_ACTIVATION_MONITOR.owned?: before #{monitor_owned} -> after #{ow}"
+        return gem_original_require(path)
       end
+
+      raise load_error
     end
   end
-RUBY
 
   private :require
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn.rb b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn.rb
index 8f43e00456..9dc9f2218c 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn.rb
@@ -1,54 +1,49 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-# `uplevel` keyword argument of Kernel#warn is available since ruby 2.5.
-if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.5" && !Gem::KERNEL_WARN_IGNORES_INTERNAL_ENTRIES
+module Kernel
+  rubygems_path = "#{__dir__}/" # Frames to be skipped start with this path.
 
-  module Kernel
-    rubygems_path = "#{__dir__}/" # Frames to be skipped start with this path.
+  original_warn = instance_method(:warn)
 
-    original_warn = instance_method(:warn)
+  remove_method :warn
 
+  class << self
     remove_method :warn
+  end
 
-    class << self
-      remove_method :warn
+  module_function define_method(:warn) {|*messages, **kw|
+    unless uplevel = kw[:uplevel]
+      if Gem.java_platform? && RUBY_VERSION < "3.1"
+        return original_warn.bind(self).call(*messages)
+      else
+        return original_warn.bind(self).call(*messages, **kw)
+      end
     end
 
-    module_function define_method(:warn) {|*messages, **kw|
-      unless uplevel = kw[:uplevel]
-        if Gem.java_platform?
-          return original_warn.bind(self).call(*messages)
-        else
-          return original_warn.bind(self).call(*messages, **kw)
+    # Ensure `uplevel` fits a `long`
+    uplevel, = [uplevel].pack("l!").unpack("l!")
+
+    if uplevel >= 0
+      start = 0
+      while uplevel >= 0
+        loc, = caller_locations(start, 1)
+        unless loc
+          # No more backtrace
+          start += uplevel
+          break
         end
-      end
 
-      # Ensure `uplevel` fits a `long`
-      uplevel, = [uplevel].pack("l!").unpack("l!")
-
-      if uplevel >= 0
-        start = 0
-        while uplevel >= 0
-          loc, = caller_locations(start, 1)
-          unless loc
-            # No more backtrace
-            start += uplevel
-            break
-          end
-
-          start += 1
-
-          if path = loc.path
-            unless path.start_with?(rubygems_path) || path.start_with?("<internal:")
-              # Non-rubygems frames
-              uplevel -= 1
-            end
-          end
+        start += 1
+
+        next unless path = loc.path
+        unless path.start_with?(rubygems_path, "<internal:")
+          # Non-rubygems frames
+          uplevel -= 1
         end
-        kw[:uplevel] = start
       end
+      kw[:uplevel] = start
+    end
 
-      original_warn.bind(self).call(*messages, **kw)
-    }
-  end
+    original_warn.bind(self).call(*messages, **kw)
+  }
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/tcpsocket_init.rb b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/tcpsocket_init.rb
index c9e0a92953..018c49dbeb 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/core_ext/tcpsocket_init.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/core_ext/tcpsocket_init.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "socket"
 
 module CoreExtensions
@@ -17,7 +19,7 @@ module CoreExtensions
         cond_var = Thread::ConditionVariable.new
 
         Addrinfo.foreach(host, serv, nil, :STREAM) do |addr|
-          Thread.report_on_exception = false if defined? Thread.report_on_exception = ()
+          Thread.report_on_exception = false
 
           threads << Thread.new(addr) do
             # give head start to ipv6 addresses
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/defaults.rb b/lib/rubygems/defaults.rb
index e12c13cb46..ca161a4d95 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/defaults.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/defaults.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Gem
-  DEFAULT_HOST = "https://rubygems.org".freeze
+  DEFAULT_HOST = "https://rubygems.org"
 
   @post_install_hooks ||= []
   @done_installing_hooks ||= []
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ module Gem
     default_spec_cache_dir = File.join Gem.user_home, ".gem", "specs"
 
     unless File.exist?(default_spec_cache_dir)
-      default_spec_cache_dir = File.join Gem.data_home, "gem", "specs"
+      default_spec_cache_dir = File.join Gem.cache_home, "gem", "specs"
     end
 
     default_spec_cache_dir
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ module Gem
 
   def self.find_home
     Dir.home.dup
-  rescue
+  rescue StandardError
     if Gem.win_platform?
       File.expand_path File.join(ENV["HOMEDRIVE"] || ENV["SystemDrive"], "/")
     else
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ module Gem
   # The home directory for the user.
 
   def self.user_home
-    @user_home ||= find_home.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    @user_home ||= find_home
   end
 
   ##
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ module Gem
   # The path to standard location of the user's configuration directory.
 
   def self.config_home
-    @config_home ||= (ENV["XDG_CONFIG_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".config"))
+    @config_home ||= ENV["XDG_CONFIG_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".config")
   end
 
   ##
@@ -130,21 +131,35 @@ module Gem
   # The path to standard location of the user's .gemrc file.
 
   def self.config_file
-    @config_file ||= find_config_file.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    @config_file ||= find_config_file
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The path to standard location of the user's state file.
+
+  def self.state_file
+    @state_file ||= File.join(Gem.state_home, "gem", "last_update_check")
   end
 
   ##
   # The path to standard location of the user's cache directory.
 
   def self.cache_home
-    @cache_home ||= (ENV["XDG_CACHE_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".cache"))
+    @cache_home ||= ENV["XDG_CACHE_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".cache")
   end
 
   ##
   # The path to standard location of the user's data directory.
 
   def self.data_home
-    @data_home ||= (ENV["XDG_DATA_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".local", "share"))
+    @data_home ||= ENV["XDG_DATA_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".local", "share")
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The path to standard location of the user's state directory.
+
+  def self.state_home
+    @state_home ||= ENV["XDG_STATE_HOME"] || File.join(Gem.user_home, ".local", "state")
   end
 
   ##
@@ -169,7 +184,11 @@ module Gem
   # Deduce Ruby's --program-prefix and --program-suffix from its install name
 
   def self.default_exec_format
-    exec_format = RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_install_name"].sub("ruby", "%s") rescue "%s"
+    exec_format = begin
+                    RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_install_name"].sub("ruby", "%s")
+                  rescue StandardError
+                    "%s"
+                  end
 
     unless exec_format.include?("%s")
       raise Gem::Exception,
@@ -217,6 +236,18 @@ module Gem
   end
 
   ##
+  # Enables automatic installation into user directory
+
+  def self.default_user_install # :nodoc:
+    if !ENV.key?("GEM_HOME") && (File.exist?(Gem.dir) && !File.writable?(Gem.dir))
+      Gem.ui.say "Defaulting to user installation because default installation directory (#{Gem.dir}) is not writable."
+      return true
+    end
+
+    false
+  end
+
+  ##
   # Install extensions into lib as well as into the extension directory.
 
   def self.install_extension_in_lib # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/dependency.rb b/lib/rubygems/dependency.rb
index 85f8609677..d1bf074441 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/dependency.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/dependency.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The Dependency class holds a Gem name and a Gem::Requirement.
 
@@ -45,10 +46,10 @@ class Gem::Dependency
     end
 
     type         = Symbol === requirements.last ? requirements.pop : :runtime
-    requirements = requirements.first if 1 == requirements.length # unpack
+    requirements = requirements.first if requirements.length == 1 # unpack
 
     unless TYPES.include? type
-      raise ArgumentError, "Valid types are #{TYPES.inspect}, " +
+      raise ArgumentError, "Valid types are #{TYPES.inspect}, " \
                            "not #{type.inspect}"
     end
 
@@ -73,11 +74,9 @@ class Gem::Dependency
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
     if prerelease?
-      "<%s type=%p name=%p requirements=%p prerelease=ok>" %
-        [self.class, self.type, self.name, requirement.to_s]
+      format("<%s type=%p name=%p requirements=%p prerelease=ok>", self.class, type, name, requirement.to_s)
     else
-      "<%s type=%p name=%p requirements=%p>" %
-        [self.class, self.type, self.name, requirement.to_s]
+      format("<%s type=%p name=%p requirements=%p>", self.class, type, name, requirement.to_s)
     end
   end
 
@@ -168,16 +167,16 @@ class Gem::Dependency
 
   def ==(other) # :nodoc:
     Gem::Dependency === other &&
-      self.name        == other.name &&
-      self.type        == other.type &&
-      self.requirement == other.requirement
+      name        == other.name &&
+      type        == other.type &&
+      requirement == other.requirement
   end
 
   ##
   # Dependencies are ordered by name.
 
   def <=>(other)
-    self.name <=> other.name
+    name <=> other.name
   end
 
   ##
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ class Gem::Dependency
     requirement.satisfied_by? version
   end
 
-  alias === =~
+  alias_method :===, :=~
 
   ##
   # :call-seq:
@@ -262,7 +261,7 @@ class Gem::Dependency
     end
 
     default = Gem::Requirement.default
-    self_req = self.requirement
+    self_req = requirement
     other_req = other.requirement
 
     return self.class.new name, self_req  if other_req == default
@@ -277,7 +276,10 @@ class Gem::Dependency
       requirement.satisfied_by?(spec.version) && env_req.satisfied_by?(spec.version)
     end.map(&:to_spec)
 
-    Gem::BundlerVersionFinder.prioritize!(matches) if prioritizes_bundler?
+    if prioritizes_bundler?
+      require_relative "bundler_version_finder"
+      Gem::BundlerVersionFinder.prioritize!(matches)
+    end
 
     if platform_only
       matches.reject! do |spec|
@@ -296,7 +298,7 @@ class Gem::Dependency
   end
 
   def prioritizes_bundler?
-    name == "bundler".freeze && !specific?
+    name == "bundler" && !specific?
   end
 
   def to_specs
@@ -320,15 +322,15 @@ class Gem::Dependency
   end
 
   def to_spec
-    matches = self.to_specs.compact
+    matches = to_specs.compact
 
-    active = matches.find {|spec| spec.activated? }
+    active = matches.find(&:activated?)
     return active if active
 
     unless prerelease?
-      # Move prereleases to the end of the list for >= 0 requirements
+      # Consider prereleases only as a fallback
       pre, matches = matches.partition {|spec| spec.version.prerelease? }
-      matches += pre if requirement == Gem::Requirement.default
+      matches = pre if matches.empty?
     end
 
     matches.first
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/dependency_installer.rb b/lib/rubygems/dependency_installer.rb
index aa7b66d36b..b119dca1cf 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/dependency_installer.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/dependency_installer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 require_relative "dependency_list"
 require_relative "package"
@@ -16,18 +17,18 @@ class Gem::DependencyInstaller
   extend Gem::Deprecate
 
   DEFAULT_OPTIONS = { # :nodoc:
-    :env_shebang         => false,
-    :document            => %w[ri],
-    :domain              => :both, # HACK dup
-    :force               => false,
-    :format_executable   => false, # HACK dup
-    :ignore_dependencies => false,
-    :prerelease          => false,
-    :security_policy     => nil, # HACK NoSecurity requires OpenSSL. AlmostNo? Low?
-    :wrappers            => true,
-    :build_args          => nil,
-    :build_docs_in_background => false,
-    :install_as_default => false,
+    env_shebang: false,
+    document: %w[ri],
+    domain: :both, # HACK: dup
+    force: false,
+    format_executable: false, # HACK: dup
+    ignore_dependencies: false,
+    prerelease: false,
+    security_policy: nil, # HACK: NoSecurity requires OpenSSL. AlmostNo? Low?
+    wrappers: true,
+    build_args: nil,
+    build_docs_in_background: false,
+    install_as_default: false,
   }.freeze
 
   ##
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ class Gem::DependencyInstaller
   # :build_args:: See Gem::Installer::new
 
   def initialize(options = {})
-    @only_install_dir = !!options[:install_dir]
+    @only_install_dir = !options[:install_dir].nil?
     @install_dir = options[:install_dir] || Gem.dir
     @build_root = options[:build_root]
 
@@ -162,13 +163,11 @@ class Gem::DependencyInstaller
 
         specs = []
         tuples.each do |tup, source|
-          begin
-            spec = source.fetch_spec(tup)
-          rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
-            errors << Gem::SourceFetchProblem.new(source, e)
-          else
-            specs << [spec, source]
-          end
+          spec = source.fetch_spec(tup)
+        rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
+          errors << Gem::SourceFetchProblem.new(source, e)
+        else
+          specs << [spec, source]
         end
 
         if @errors
@@ -178,7 +177,6 @@ class Gem::DependencyInstaller
         end
 
         set << specs
-
       rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
         # FIX if there is a problem talking to the network, we either need to always tell
         # the user (no really_verbose) or fail hard, not silently tell them that we just
@@ -230,22 +228,22 @@ class Gem::DependencyInstaller
     @installed_gems = []
 
     options = {
-      :bin_dir             => @bin_dir,
-      :build_args          => @build_args,
-      :document            => @document,
-      :env_shebang         => @env_shebang,
-      :force               => @force,
-      :format_executable   => @format_executable,
-      :ignore_dependencies => @ignore_dependencies,
-      :prerelease          => @prerelease,
-      :security_policy     => @security_policy,
-      :user_install        => @user_install,
-      :wrappers            => @wrappers,
-      :build_root          => @build_root,
-      :install_as_default  => @install_as_default,
-      :dir_mode            => @dir_mode,
-      :data_mode           => @data_mode,
-      :prog_mode           => @prog_mode,
+      bin_dir: @bin_dir,
+      build_args: @build_args,
+      document: @document,
+      env_shebang: @env_shebang,
+      force: @force,
+      format_executable: @format_executable,
+      ignore_dependencies: @ignore_dependencies,
+      prerelease: @prerelease,
+      security_policy: @security_policy,
+      user_install: @user_install,
+      wrappers: @wrappers,
+      build_root: @build_root,
+      install_as_default: @install_as_default,
+      dir_mode: @dir_mode,
+      data_mode: @data_mode,
+      prog_mode: @prog_mode,
     }
     options[:install_dir] = @install_dir if @only_install_dir
 
@@ -293,13 +291,11 @@ class Gem::DependencyInstaller
         src = Gem::Source::SpecificFile.new dep_or_name
         installer_set.add_local dep_or_name, src.spec, src
         version = src.spec.version if version == Gem::Requirement.default
-      elsif dep_or_name =~ /\.gem$/
+      elsif dep_or_name =~ /\.gem$/ # rubocop:disable Performance/RegexpMatch
         Dir[dep_or_name].each do |name|
-          begin
-            src = Gem::Source::SpecificFile.new name
-            installer_set.add_local dep_or_name, src.spec, src
-          rescue Gem::Package::FormatError
-          end
+          src = Gem::Source::SpecificFile.new name
+          installer_set.add_local dep_or_name, src.spec, src
+        rescue Gem::Package::FormatError
         end
         # else This is a dependency. InstallerSet handles this case
       end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/dependency_list.rb b/lib/rubygems/dependency_list.rb
index eaf6702177..ad5e59e8c1 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/dependency_list.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/dependency_list.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
 # See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
 #++
 
-require_relative "tsort"
+require_relative "vendored_tsort"
 require_relative "deprecate"
 
 ##
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ class Gem::DependencyList
   end
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
-    "%s %p>" % [super[0..-2], map {|s| s.full_name }]
+    format("%s %p>", super[0..-2], map(&:full_name))
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/deprecate.rb b/lib/rubygems/deprecate.rb
index 5fe0afb6b0..58a6c5b7dc 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/deprecate.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/deprecate.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Provides 3 methods for declaring when something is going away.
 #
@@ -69,7 +70,6 @@
 #     end
 
 module Gem::Deprecate
-
   def self.skip # :nodoc:
     @skip ||= false
   end
@@ -82,7 +82,8 @@ module Gem::Deprecate
   # Temporarily turn off warnings. Intended for tests only.
 
   def skip_during
-    Gem::Deprecate.skip, original = true, Gem::Deprecate.skip
+    original = Gem::Deprecate.skip
+    Gem::Deprecate.skip = true
     yield
   ensure
     Gem::Deprecate.skip = original
@@ -103,12 +104,13 @@ module Gem::Deprecate
       old = "_deprecated_#{name}"
       alias_method old, name
       define_method name do |*args, &block|
-        klass = self.kind_of? Module
+        klass = is_a? Module
         target = klass ? "#{self}." : "#{self.class}#"
-        msg = [ "NOTE: #{target}#{name} is deprecated",
-                repl == :none ? " with no replacement" : "; use #{repl} instead",
-                ". It will be removed on or after %4d-%02d." % [year, month],
-                "\n#{target}#{name} called from #{Gem.location_of_caller.join(":")}",
+        msg = [
+          "NOTE: #{target}#{name} is deprecated",
+          repl == :none ? " with no replacement" : "; use #{repl} instead",
+          format(". It will be removed on or after %4d-%02d.", year, month),
+          "\n#{target}#{name} called from #{Gem.location_of_caller.join(":")}",
         ]
         warn "#{msg.join}." unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
         send old, *args, &block
@@ -128,12 +130,13 @@ module Gem::Deprecate
       old = "_deprecated_#{name}"
       alias_method old, name
       define_method name do |*args, &block|
-        klass = self.kind_of? Module
+        klass = is_a? Module
         target = klass ? "#{self}." : "#{self.class}#"
-        msg = [ "NOTE: #{target}#{name} is deprecated",
-                replacement == :none ? " with no replacement" : "; use #{replacement} instead",
-                ". It will be removed in Rubygems #{Gem::Deprecate.next_rubygems_major_version}",
-                "\n#{target}#{name} called from #{Gem.location_of_caller.join(":")}",
+        msg = [
+          "NOTE: #{target}#{name} is deprecated",
+          replacement == :none ? " with no replacement" : "; use #{replacement} instead",
+          ". It will be removed in Rubygems #{Gem::Deprecate.next_rubygems_major_version}",
+          "\n#{target}#{name} called from #{Gem.location_of_caller.join(":")}",
         ]
         warn "#{msg.join}." unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
         send old, *args, &block
@@ -143,22 +146,22 @@ module Gem::Deprecate
   end
 
   # Deprecation method to deprecate Rubygems commands
-  def rubygems_deprecate_command
+  def rubygems_deprecate_command(version = Gem::Deprecate.next_rubygems_major_version)
     class_eval do
       define_method "deprecated?" do
         true
       end
 
       define_method "deprecation_warning" do
-        msg = [ "#{self.command} command is deprecated",
-                ". It will be removed in Rubygems #{Gem::Deprecate.next_rubygems_major_version}.\n",
+        msg = [
+          "#{command} command is deprecated",
+          ". It will be removed in Rubygems #{version}.\n",
         ]
 
-        alert_warning "#{msg.join}" unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
+        alert_warning msg.join.to_s unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
       end
     end
   end
 
   module_function :rubygems_deprecate, :rubygems_deprecate_command, :skip_during
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/doctor.rb b/lib/rubygems/doctor.rb
index 96829227fc..56b7c081eb 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/doctor.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/doctor.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ class Gem::Doctor
     Gem::REPOSITORY_SUBDIRECTORIES.sort -
     REPOSITORY_EXTENSION_MAP.map {|(k,_)| k }.sort
 
-  raise "Update REPOSITORY_EXTENSION_MAP, missing: #{missing.join ', '}" unless
+  raise "Update REPOSITORY_EXTENSION_MAP, missing: #{missing.join ", "}" unless
     missing.empty?
 
   ##
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ class Gem::Doctor
   # Specs installed in this gem repository
 
   def installed_specs # :nodoc:
-    @installed_specs ||= Gem::Specification.map {|s| s.full_name }
+    @installed_specs ||= Gem::Specification.map(&:full_name)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class Gem::Doctor
     Gem.use_paths @gem_repository.to_s
 
     unless gem_repository?
-      say "This directory does not appear to be a RubyGems repository, " +
+      say "This directory does not appear to be a RubyGems repository, " \
           "skipping"
       say
       return
@@ -103,16 +104,16 @@ class Gem::Doctor
     directory = File.join(@gem_repository, sub_directory)
 
     Dir.entries(directory).sort.each do |ent|
-      next if ent == "." || ent == ".."
+      next if [".", ".."].include?(ent)
 
       child = File.join(directory, ent)
       next unless File.exist?(child)
 
       basename = File.basename(child, extension)
       next if installed_specs.include? basename
-      next if /^rubygems-\d/ =~ basename
-      next if "specifications" == sub_directory && "default" == basename
-      next if "plugins" == sub_directory && Gem.plugin_suffix_regexp =~ (basename)
+      next if /^rubygems-\d/.match?(basename)
+      next if sub_directory == "specifications" && basename == "default"
+      next if sub_directory == "plugins" && Gem.plugin_suffix_regexp =~ (basename)
 
       type = File.directory?(child) ? "directory" : "file"
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/errors.rb b/lib/rubygems/errors.rb
index ac82a551a5..be6c34dc85 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/errors.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/errors.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # This file contains all the various exceptions and other errors that are used
 # inside of RubyGems.
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ module Gem
 
     def build_message
       names = specs.map(&:full_name)
-      "Could not find '#{name}' (#{requirement}) - did find: [#{names.join ','}]\n"
+      "Could not find '#{name}' (#{requirement}) - did find: [#{names.join ","}]\n"
     end
   end
 
@@ -133,11 +134,7 @@ module Gem
     ##
     # A wordy description of the error.
     def wordy
-      "Found %s (%s), but was for platform%s %s" %
-        [@name,
-         @version,
-         @platforms.size == 1 ? "" : "s",
-         @platforms.join(" ,")]
+      format("Found %s (%s), but was for platform%s %s", @name, @version, @platforms.size == 1 ? "" : "s", @platforms.join(" ,"))
     end
   end
 
@@ -174,6 +171,6 @@ module Gem
     ##
     # The "exception" alias allows you to call raise on a SourceFetchProblem.
 
-    alias exception error
+    alias_method :exception, :error
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/exceptions.rb b/lib/rubygems/exceptions.rb
index ca4fbb20de..65caaab8b1 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/exceptions.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/exceptions.rb
@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@ class Gem::ImpossibleDependenciesError < Gem::Exception
 end
 
 class Gem::InstallError < Gem::Exception; end
+
 class Gem::RuntimeRequirementNotMetError < Gem::InstallError
   attr_accessor :suggestion
   def message
@@ -214,6 +215,16 @@ class Gem::RubyVersionMismatch < Gem::Exception; end
 class Gem::VerificationError < Gem::Exception; end
 
 ##
+# Raised by Gem::WebauthnListener when an error occurs during security
+# device verification.
+
+class Gem::WebauthnVerificationError < Gem::Exception
+  def initialize(message)
+    super "Security device verification failed: #{message}"
+  end
+end
+
+##
 # Raised to indicate that a system exit should occur with the specified
 # exit_code
 
@@ -221,7 +232,7 @@ class Gem::SystemExitException < SystemExit
   ##
   # The exit code for the process
 
-  alias exit_code status
+  alias_method :exit_code, :status
 
   ##
   # Creates a new SystemExitException with the given +exit_code+
@@ -254,7 +265,7 @@ class Gem::UnsatisfiableDependencyError < Gem::DependencyError
   def initialize(dep, platform_mismatch=nil)
     if platform_mismatch && !platform_mismatch.empty?
       plats = platform_mismatch.map {|x| x.platform.to_s }.sort.uniq
-      super "Unable to resolve dependency: No match for '#{dep}' on this platform. Found: #{plats.join(', ')}"
+      super "Unable to resolve dependency: No match for '#{dep}' on this platform. Found: #{plats.join(", ")}"
     else
       if dep.explicit?
         super "Unable to resolve dependency: user requested '#{dep}'"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext.rb
index d714985c21..b5ca126a08 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/build_error.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/build_error.rb
index 727bc065c2..0329c1eec3 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/build_error.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/build_error.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Raised when there is an error while building extensions.
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/builder.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/builder.rb
index b46f9b5cd5..be1ba3031c 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/builder.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@
 #++
 
 require_relative "../user_interaction"
+require_relative "../shellwords"
 
 class Gem::Ext::Builder
   include Gem::UserInteraction
@@ -17,7 +19,7 @@ class Gem::Ext::Builder
     $1.downcase
   end
 
-  def self.make(dest_path, results, make_dir = Dir.pwd, sitedir = nil)
+  def self.make(dest_path, results, make_dir = Dir.pwd, sitedir = nil, targets = ["clean", "", "install"])
     unless File.exist? File.join(make_dir, "Makefile")
       raise Gem::InstallError, "Makefile not found"
     end
@@ -25,22 +27,20 @@ class Gem::Ext::Builder
     # try to find make program from Ruby configure arguments first
     RbConfig::CONFIG["configure_args"] =~ /with-make-prog\=(\w+)/
     make_program_name = ENV["MAKE"] || ENV["make"] || $1
-    unless make_program_name
-      make_program_name = (RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("mswin")) ? "nmake" : "make"
-    end
+    make_program_name ||= RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("mswin") ? "nmake" : "make"
     make_program = Shellwords.split(make_program_name)
 
     # The installation of the bundled gems is failed when DESTDIR is empty in mswin platform.
-    destdir = (/\bnmake/i !~ make_program_name || ENV["DESTDIR"] && ENV["DESTDIR"] != "") ? "DESTDIR=%s" % ENV["DESTDIR"] : ""
+    destdir = /\bnmake/i !~ make_program_name || ENV["DESTDIR"] && ENV["DESTDIR"] != "" ? format("DESTDIR=%s", ENV["DESTDIR"]) : ""
 
     env = [destdir]
 
     if sitedir
-      env << "sitearchdir=%s" % sitedir
-      env << "sitelibdir=%s" % sitedir
+      env << format("sitearchdir=%s", sitedir)
+      env << format("sitelibdir=%s", sitedir)
     end
 
-    ["clean", "", "install"].each do |target|
+    targets.each do |target|
       # Pass DESTDIR via command line to override what's in MAKEFLAGS
       cmd = [
         *make_program,
@@ -55,30 +55,53 @@ class Gem::Ext::Builder
     end
   end
 
+  def self.ruby
+    # Gem.ruby is quoted if it contains whitespace
+    cmd = Shellwords.split(Gem.ruby)
+
+    # This load_path is only needed when running rubygems test without a proper installation.
+    # Prepending it in a normal installation will cause problem with order of $LOAD_PATH.
+    # Therefore only add load_path if it is not present in the default $LOAD_PATH.
+    load_path = File.expand_path("../..", __dir__)
+    case load_path
+    when RbConfig::CONFIG["sitelibdir"], RbConfig::CONFIG["vendorlibdir"], RbConfig::CONFIG["rubylibdir"]
+      cmd
+    else
+      cmd << "-I#{load_path}"
+    end
+  end
+
   def self.run(command, results, command_name = nil, dir = Dir.pwd, env = {})
     verbose = Gem.configuration.really_verbose
 
     begin
-      rubygems_gemdeps, ENV["RUBYGEMS_GEMDEPS"] = ENV["RUBYGEMS_GEMDEPS"], nil
+      rubygems_gemdeps = ENV["RUBYGEMS_GEMDEPS"]
+      ENV["RUBYGEMS_GEMDEPS"] = nil
       if verbose
         puts("current directory: #{dir}")
         p(command)
       end
       results << "current directory: #{dir}"
-      require "shellwords"
-      results << command.shelljoin
+      results << Shellwords.join(command)
 
       require "open3"
       # Set $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH for the subprocess.
       build_env = { "SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH" => Gem.source_date_epoch_string }.merge(env)
       output, status = begin
-                         Open3.capture2e(build_env, *command, :chdir => dir)
-                       rescue => error
+                         Open3.popen2e(build_env, *command, chdir: dir) do |_stdin, stdouterr, wait_thread|
+                           output = String.new
+                           while line = stdouterr.gets
+                             output << line
+                             if verbose
+                               print line
+                             end
+                           end
+                           [output, wait_thread.value]
+                         end
+                       rescue StandardError => error
                          raise Gem::InstallError, "#{command_name || class_name} failed#{error.message}"
                        end
-      if verbose
-        puts output
-      else
+      unless verbose
         results << output
       end
     ensure
@@ -131,8 +154,7 @@ class Gem::Ext::Builder
     when /CMakeLists.txt/ then
       Gem::Ext::CmakeBuilder
     when /Cargo.toml/ then
-      # We use the spec name here to ensure we invoke the correct init function later
-      Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder.new(@spec)
+      Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder.new
     else
       build_error("No builder for extension '#{extension}'")
     end
@@ -174,7 +196,7 @@ EOF
       verbose { results.join("\n") }
 
       write_gem_make_out results.join "\n"
-    rescue => e
+    rescue StandardError => e
       results << e.message
       build_error(results.join("\n"), $@)
     end
@@ -190,7 +212,7 @@ EOF
     if @build_args.empty?
       say "Building native extensions. This could take a while..."
     else
-      say "Building native extensions with: '#{@build_args.join ' '}'"
+      say "Building native extensions with: '#{@build_args.join " "}'"
       say "This could take a while..."
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb
index e33b07a8a2..3eaf5f4ef8 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb
@@ -1,35 +1,67 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require_relative "../shellwords"
+
 # This class is used by rubygems to build Rust extensions. It is a thin-wrapper
 # over the `cargo rustc` command which takes care of building Rust code in a way
 # that Ruby can use.
 class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
   attr_accessor :spec, :runner, :profile
 
-  def initialize(spec)
+  def initialize
     require_relative "../command"
     require_relative "cargo_builder/link_flag_converter"
 
-    @spec = spec
     @runner = self.class.method(:run)
     @profile = :release
   end
 
-  def build(_extension, dest_path, results, args = [], lib_dir = nil, cargo_dir = Dir.pwd)
+  def build(extension, dest_path, results, args = [], lib_dir = nil, cargo_dir = Dir.pwd)
+    require "tempfile"
     require "fileutils"
-    require "shellwords"
 
-    build_crate(dest_path, results, args, cargo_dir)
-    validate_cargo_build!(dest_path)
-    rename_cdylib_for_ruby_compatibility(dest_path)
-    finalize_directory(dest_path, lib_dir, cargo_dir)
-    results
-  end
+    # Where's the Cargo.toml of the crate we're building
+    cargo_toml = File.join(cargo_dir, "Cargo.toml")
+    # What's the crate's name
+    crate_name = cargo_crate_name(cargo_dir, cargo_toml, results)
+
+    begin
+      # Create a tmp dir to do the build in
+      tmp_dest = Dir.mktmpdir(".gem.", cargo_dir)
+
+      # Run the build
+      cmd = cargo_command(cargo_toml, tmp_dest, args, crate_name)
+      runner.call(cmd, results, "cargo", cargo_dir, build_env)
+
+      # Where do we expect Cargo to write the compiled library
+      dylib_path = cargo_dylib_path(tmp_dest, crate_name)
+
+      # Helpful error if we didn't find the compiled library
+      raise DylibNotFoundError, tmp_dest unless File.exist?(dylib_path)
+
+      # Cargo and Ruby differ on how the library should be named, rename from
+      # what Cargo outputs to what Ruby expects
+      dlext_name = "#{crate_name}.#{makefile_config("DLEXT")}"
+      dlext_path = File.join(File.dirname(dylib_path), dlext_name)
+      FileUtils.cp(dylib_path, dlext_path)
 
-  def build_crate(dest_path, results, args, cargo_dir)
-    env = build_env
-    cmd = cargo_command(cargo_dir, dest_path, args)
-    runner.call cmd, results, "cargo", cargo_dir, env
+      nesting = extension_nesting(extension)
+
+      # TODO: remove in RubyGems 4
+      if Gem.install_extension_in_lib && lib_dir
+        nested_lib_dir = File.join(lib_dir, nesting)
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p nested_lib_dir
+        FileUtils.cp_r dlext_path, nested_lib_dir, remove_destination: true
+      end
+
+      # move to final destination
+      nested_dest_path = File.join(dest_path, nesting)
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p nested_dest_path
+      FileUtils.cp_r dlext_path, nested_dest_path, remove_destination: true
+    ensure
+      # clean up intermediary build artifacts
+      FileUtils.rm_rf tmp_dest if tmp_dest
+    end
 
     results
   end
@@ -37,44 +69,64 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
   def build_env
     build_env = rb_config_env
     build_env["RUBY_STATIC"] = "true" if ruby_static? && ENV.key?("RUBY_STATIC")
+    cfg = "--cfg=rb_sys_gem --cfg=rubygems --cfg=rubygems_#{Gem::VERSION.tr(".", "_")}"
+    build_env["RUSTFLAGS"] = [ENV["RUSTFLAGS"], cfg].compact.join(" ")
     build_env
   end
 
-  def cargo_command(cargo_dir, dest_path, args = [])
-    manifest = File.join(cargo_dir, "Cargo.toml")
-    cargo = ENV.fetch("CARGO", "cargo")
-
+  def cargo_command(cargo_toml, dest_path, args = [], crate_name = nil)
     cmd = []
     cmd += [cargo, "rustc"]
+    cmd += ["--crate-type", "cdylib"]
     cmd += ["--target", ENV["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"]] if ENV["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"]
     cmd += ["--target-dir", dest_path]
-    cmd += ["--manifest-path", manifest]
+    cmd += ["--manifest-path", cargo_toml]
     cmd += ["--lib"]
     cmd += ["--profile", profile.to_s]
-    cmd += ["--locked"] if profile == :release
+    cmd += ["--locked"]
     cmd += Gem::Command.build_args
     cmd += args
     cmd += ["--"]
-    cmd += [*cargo_rustc_args(dest_path)]
+    cmd += [*cargo_rustc_args(dest_path, crate_name)]
     cmd
   end
 
   private
 
+  def cargo
+    ENV.fetch("CARGO", "cargo")
+  end
+
+  # returns the directory nesting of the extension, ignoring the first part, so
+  # "ext/foo/bar/Cargo.toml" becomes "foo/bar"
+  def extension_nesting(extension)
+    parts = extension.to_s.split(Regexp.union([File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR].compact))
+
+    parts = parts.each_with_object([]) do |segment, final|
+      next if segment == "."
+      if segment == ".."
+        raise Gem::InstallError, "extension outside of gem root" if final.empty?
+        next final.pop
+      end
+      final << segment
+    end
+
+    File.join(parts[1...-1])
+  end
+
   def rb_config_env
     result = {}
     RbConfig::CONFIG.each {|k, v| result["RBCONFIG_#{k}"] = v }
     result
   end
 
-  def cargo_rustc_args(dest_dir)
+  def cargo_rustc_args(dest_dir, crate_name)
     [
       *linker_args,
       *mkmf_libpath,
-      *rustc_dynamic_linker_flags(dest_dir),
+      *rustc_dynamic_linker_flags(dest_dir, crate_name),
       *rustc_lib_flags(dest_dir),
       *platform_specific_rustc_args(dest_dir),
-      *debug_flags,
     ]
   end
 
@@ -92,6 +144,9 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
       # run on one that isn't the missing libraries will cause the extension
       # to fail on start.
       flags += ["-C", "link-arg=-static-libgcc"]
+    elsif darwin_target?
+      # Ventura does not always have this flag enabled
+      flags += ["-C", "link-arg=-Wl,-undefined,dynamic_lookup"]
     end
 
     flags
@@ -100,14 +155,23 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
   # We want to use the same linker that Ruby uses, so that the linker flags from
   # mkmf work properly.
   def linker_args
-    # Have to handle CC="cl /nologo" on mswin
     cc_flag = Shellwords.split(makefile_config("CC"))
     linker = cc_flag.shift
     link_args = cc_flag.flat_map {|a| ["-C", "link-arg=#{a}"] }
 
+    return mswin_link_args if linker == "cl"
+
     ["-C", "linker=#{linker}", *link_args]
   end
 
+  def mswin_link_args
+    args = []
+    args += ["-l", makefile_config("LIBRUBYARG_SHARED").chomp(".lib")]
+    args += split_flags("LIBS").flat_map {|lib| ["-l", lib.chomp(".lib")] }
+    args += split_flags("LOCAL_LIBS").flat_map {|lib| ["-l", lib.chomp(".lib")] }
+    args
+  end
+
   def libruby_args(dest_dir)
     libs = makefile_config(ruby_static? ? "LIBRUBYARG_STATIC" : "LIBRUBYARG_SHARED")
     raw_libs = Shellwords.split(libs)
@@ -120,44 +184,72 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
     makefile_config("ENABLE_SHARED") == "no"
   end
 
-  # Ruby expects the dylib to follow a file name convention for loading
-  def rename_cdylib_for_ruby_compatibility(dest_path)
-    new_path = final_extension_path(dest_path)
-    FileUtils.cp(cargo_dylib_path(dest_path), new_path)
-    new_path
+  def cargo_dylib_path(dest_path, crate_name)
+    prefix = so_ext == "dll" ? "" : "lib"
+    path_parts = [dest_path]
+    path_parts << ENV["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"] if ENV["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"]
+    path_parts += ["release", "#{prefix}#{crate_name}.#{so_ext}"]
+    File.join(*path_parts)
   end
 
-  def validate_cargo_build!(dir)
-    dylib_path = cargo_dylib_path(dir)
+  def cargo_crate_name(cargo_dir, manifest_path, results)
+    require "open3"
+    Gem.load_yaml
 
-    raise DylibNotFoundError, dir unless File.exist?(dylib_path)
+    output, status =
+      begin
+        Open3.capture2e(cargo, "metadata", "--no-deps", "--format-version", "1", chdir: cargo_dir)
+      rescue StandardError => error
+        raise Gem::InstallError, "cargo metadata failed #{error.message}"
+      end
 
-    dylib_path
-  end
+    unless status.success?
+      if Gem.configuration.really_verbose
+        puts output
+      else
+        results << output
+      end
 
-  def final_extension_path(dest_path)
-    dylib_path = cargo_dylib_path(dest_path)
-    dlext_name = "#{spec.name}.#{makefile_config("DLEXT")}"
-    dylib_path.gsub(File.basename(dylib_path), dlext_name)
-  end
+      exit_reason =
+        if status.exited?
+          ", exit code #{status.exitstatus}"
+        elsif status.signaled?
+          ", uncaught signal #{status.termsig}"
+        end
 
-  def cargo_dylib_path(dest_path)
-    prefix = so_ext == "dll" ? "" : "lib"
-    path_parts = [dest_path]
-    path_parts << ENV["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"] if ENV["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"]
-    path_parts += [profile_target_directory, "#{prefix}#{cargo_crate_name}.#{so_ext}"]
-    File.join(*path_parts)
+      raise Gem::InstallError, "cargo metadata failed#{exit_reason}"
+    end
+
+    # cargo metadata output is specified as json, but with the
+    # --format-version 1 option the output is compatible with YAML, so we can
+    # avoid the json dependency
+    metadata = Gem::SafeYAML.safe_load(output)
+    package = metadata["packages"].find {|pkg| normalize_path(pkg["manifest_path"]) == manifest_path }
+    unless package
+      found = metadata["packages"].map {|md| "#{md["name"]} at #{md["manifest_path"]}" }
+      raise Gem::InstallError, <<-EOF
+failed to determine cargo package name
+
+looking for: #{manifest_path}
+
+found:
+#{found.join("\n")}
+EOF
+    end
+    package["name"].tr("-", "_")
   end
 
-  def cargo_crate_name
-    spec.metadata.fetch("cargo_crate_name", spec.name).tr("-", "_")
+  def normalize_path(path)
+    return path unless File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+
+    path.tr(File::ALT_SEPARATOR, File::SEPARATOR)
   end
 
-  def rustc_dynamic_linker_flags(dest_dir)
-    split_flags("DLDFLAGS")
-      .map {|arg| maybe_resolve_ldflag_variable(arg, dest_dir) }
-      .compact
-      .flat_map {|arg| ldflag_to_link_modifier(arg) }
+  def rustc_dynamic_linker_flags(dest_dir, crate_name)
+    split_flags("DLDFLAGS").
+      map {|arg| maybe_resolve_ldflag_variable(arg, dest_dir, crate_name) }.
+      compact.
+      flat_map {|arg| ldflag_to_link_modifier(arg) }
   end
 
   def rustc_lib_flags(dest_dir)
@@ -189,8 +281,8 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
     !!Gem::WIN_PATTERNS.find {|r| target_platform =~ r }
   end
 
-  # Interpolate substition vars in the arg (i.e. $(DEFFILE))
-  def maybe_resolve_ldflag_variable(input_arg, dest_dir)
+  # Interpolate substitution vars in the arg (i.e. $(DEFFILE))
+  def maybe_resolve_ldflag_variable(input_arg, dest_dir, crate_name)
     var_matches = input_arg.match(/\$\((\w+)\)/)
 
     return input_arg unless var_matches
@@ -201,27 +293,27 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
 
     case var_name
     # On windows, it is assumed that mkmf has setup an exports file for the
-    # extension, so we have to to create one ourselves.
+    # extension, so we have to create one ourselves.
     when "DEFFILE"
-      write_deffile(dest_dir)
+      write_deffile(dest_dir, crate_name)
     else
       RbConfig::CONFIG[var_name]
     end
   end
 
-  def write_deffile(dest_dir)
-    deffile_path = File.join(dest_dir, "#{spec.name}-#{RbConfig::CONFIG["arch"]}.def")
+  def write_deffile(dest_dir, crate_name)
+    deffile_path = File.join(dest_dir, "#{crate_name}-#{RbConfig::CONFIG["arch"]}.def")
     export_prefix = makefile_config("EXPORT_PREFIX") || ""
 
     File.open(deffile_path, "w") do |f|
       f.puts "EXPORTS"
-      f.puts "#{export_prefix.strip}Init_#{spec.name}"
+      f.puts "#{export_prefix.strip}Init_#{crate_name}"
     end
 
     deffile_path
   end
 
-  # We have to basically reimplement RbConfig::CONFIG['SOEXT'] here to support
+  # We have to basically reimplement <code>RbConfig::CONFIG['SOEXT']</code> here to support
   # Ruby < 2.5
   #
   # @see https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/c87c027f18c005460746a74c07cd80ee355b16e4/configure.ac#L3185
@@ -250,59 +342,6 @@ class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
     RbConfig.expand(val.dup)
   end
 
-  # Good balance between binary size and debugability
-  def debug_flags
-    return [] if profile == :dev
-
-    ["-C", "debuginfo=1"]
-  end
-
-  # Copied from ExtConfBuilder
-  def finalize_directory(dest_path, lib_dir, extension_dir)
-    require "fileutils"
-    require "tempfile"
-
-    ext_path = final_extension_path(dest_path)
-
-    begin
-      tmp_dest = Dir.mktmpdir(".gem.", extension_dir)
-
-      # Some versions of `mktmpdir` return absolute paths, which will break make
-      # if the paths contain spaces.
-      #
-      # As such, we convert to a relative path.
-      tmp_dest_relative = get_relative_path(tmp_dest.clone, extension_dir)
-
-      full_tmp_dest = File.join(extension_dir, tmp_dest_relative)
-
-      # TODO: remove in RubyGems 4
-      if Gem.install_extension_in_lib && lib_dir
-        FileUtils.mkdir_p lib_dir
-        FileUtils.cp_r ext_path, lib_dir, remove_destination: true
-      end
-
-      FileUtils::Entry_.new(full_tmp_dest).traverse do |ent|
-        destent = ent.class.new(dest_path, ent.rel)
-        destent.exist? || FileUtils.mv(ent.path, destent.path)
-      end
-    ensure
-      FileUtils.rm_rf tmp_dest if tmp_dest
-    end
-  end
-
-  def get_relative_path(path, base)
-    path[0..base.length - 1] = "." if path.start_with?(base)
-    path
-  end
-
-  def profile_target_directory
-    case profile
-    when :release then "release"
-    when :dev     then "debug"
-    else          raise "unknown target directory for profile: #{profile}"
-    end
-  end
-
   # Error raised when no cdylib artifact was created
   class DylibNotFoundError < StandardError
     def initialize(dir)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder/link_flag_converter.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder/link_flag_converter.rb
index 111bb05492..e4d196cb10 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder/link_flag_converter.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder/link_flag_converter.rb
@@ -3,20 +3,24 @@
 class Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
   # Converts Ruby link flags into something cargo understands
   class LinkFlagConverter
+    FILTERED_PATTERNS = [
+      /compress-debug-sections/, # Not supported by all linkers, and not required for Rust
+    ].freeze
+
     def self.convert(arg)
+      return [] if FILTERED_PATTERNS.any? {|p| p.match?(arg) }
+
       case arg.chomp
       when /^-L\s*(.+)$/
         ["-L", "native=#{$1}"]
       when /^--library=(\w+\S+)$/, /^-l\s*(\w+\S+)$/
         ["-l", $1]
-      when /^-l\s*:lib(\S+).a$/
-        ["-l", "static=#{$1}"]
-      when /^-l\s*:lib(\S+).(so|dylib|dll)$/
-        ["-l", "dylib=#{$1}"]
+      when /^-l\s*([^:\s])+/ # -lfoo, but not -l:libfoo.a
+        ["-l", $1]
       when /^-F\s*(.*)$/
         ["-l", "framework=#{$1}"]
       else
-        ["-C", "link_arg=#{arg}"]
+        ["-C", "link-args=#{arg}"]
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/configure_builder.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/configure_builder.rb
index 51106c6370..6b8590ba2e 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/configure_builder.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/configure_builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb
index ebe398f56c..f38fe5947e 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -21,8 +22,7 @@ class Gem::Ext::ExtConfBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
     destdir = ENV["DESTDIR"]
 
     begin
-      require "shellwords"
-      cmd = Gem.ruby.shellsplit << "-I" << File.expand_path("../..", __dir__) << File.basename(extension)
+      cmd = ruby << File.basename(extension)
       cmd.push(*args)
 
       run(cmd, results, class_name, extension_dir) do |s, r|
@@ -43,18 +43,20 @@ class Gem::Ext::ExtConfBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
 
       full_tmp_dest = File.join(extension_dir, tmp_dest_relative)
 
-      # TODO remove in RubyGems 4
+      # TODO: remove in RubyGems 4
       if Gem.install_extension_in_lib && lib_dir
         FileUtils.mkdir_p lib_dir
         entries = Dir.entries(full_tmp_dest) - %w[. ..]
         entries = entries.map {|entry| File.join full_tmp_dest, entry }
-        FileUtils.cp_r entries, lib_dir, :remove_destination => true
+        FileUtils.cp_r entries, lib_dir, remove_destination: true
       end
 
       FileUtils::Entry_.new(full_tmp_dest).traverse do |ent|
         destent = ent.class.new(dest_path, ent.rel)
         destent.exist? || FileUtils.mv(ent.path, destent.path)
       end
+
+      make dest_path, results, extension_dir, tmp_dest_relative, ["clean"]
     ensure
       ENV["DESTDIR"] = destdir
     end
@@ -64,8 +66,6 @@ class Gem::Ext::ExtConfBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
     FileUtils.rm_rf tmp_dest if tmp_dest
   end
 
-  private
-
   def self.get_relative_path(path, base)
     path[0..base.length - 1] = "." if path.start_with?(base)
     path
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/ext/rake_builder.rb b/lib/rubygems/ext/rake_builder.rb
index 9f2e099d40..0171807b39 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/ext/rake_builder.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/ext/rake_builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "../shellwords"
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -7,18 +10,17 @@
 
 class Gem::Ext::RakeBuilder < Gem::Ext::Builder
   def self.build(extension, dest_path, results, args=[], lib_dir=nil, extension_dir=Dir.pwd)
-    if File.basename(extension) =~ /mkrf_conf/i
+    if /mkrf_conf/i.match?(File.basename(extension))
       run([Gem.ruby, File.basename(extension), *args], results, class_name, extension_dir)
     end
 
     rake = ENV["rake"]
 
     if rake
-      require "shellwords"
-      rake = rake.shellsplit
+      rake = Shellwords.split(rake)
     else
       begin
-        rake = [Gem.ruby, "-I#{File.expand_path("../..", __dir__)}", "-rrubygems", Gem.bin_path("rake", "rake")]
+        rake = ruby << "-rrubygems" << Gem.bin_path("rake", "rake")
       rescue Gem::Exception
         rake = [Gem.default_exec_format % "rake"]
       end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/gem_runner.rb b/lib/rubygems/gem_runner.rb
index 31890a60d7..8335a0ad03 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/gem_runner.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/gem_runner.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -32,7 +33,11 @@ class Gem::GemRunner
 
     do_configuration args
 
-    Gem.load_env_plugins rescue nil
+    begin
+      Gem.load_env_plugins
+    rescue StandardError
+      nil
+    end
     Gem.load_plugins
 
     cmd = @command_manager_class.instance
@@ -40,10 +45,10 @@ class Gem::GemRunner
     cmd.command_names.each do |command_name|
       config_args = Gem.configuration[command_name]
       config_args = case config_args
-      when String
-        config_args.split " "
-      else
-        Array(config_args)
+                    when String
+                      config_args.split " "
+                    else
+                      Array(config_args)
       end
       Gem::Command.add_specific_extra_args command_name, config_args
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities.rb b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities.rb
index a785159196..a8361b7ff1 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "remote_fetcher"
 require_relative "text"
+require_relative "gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener"
+require_relative "gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_poller"
 
 ##
 # Utility methods for using the RubyGems API.
 
 module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
-
   ERROR_CODE = 1
-  API_SCOPES = %i[index_rubygems push_rubygem yank_rubygem add_owner remove_owner access_webhooks show_dashboard].freeze
+  API_SCOPES = [:index_rubygems, :push_rubygem, :yank_rubygem, :add_owner, :remove_owner, :access_webhooks].freeze
+  EXCLUSIVELY_API_SCOPES = [:show_dashboard].freeze
 
   include Gem::Text
 
@@ -70,8 +73,7 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
     @host ||=
       begin
         env_rubygems_host = ENV["RUBYGEMS_HOST"]
-        env_rubygems_host = nil if
-          env_rubygems_host && env_rubygems_host.empty?
+        env_rubygems_host = nil if env_rubygems_host&.empty?
 
         env_rubygems_host || configured_host
       end
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   #
   # If +allowed_push_host+ metadata is present, then it will only allow that host.
 
-  def rubygems_api_request(method, path, host = nil, allowed_push_host = nil, scope: nil, &block)
-    require "net/http"
+  def rubygems_api_request(method, path, host = nil, allowed_push_host = nil, scope: nil, credentials: {}, &block)
+    require_relative "vendored_net_http"
 
     self.host = host if host
     unless self.host
@@ -92,8 +94,8 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
     end
 
     if allowed_push_host
-      allowed_host_uri = URI.parse(allowed_push_host)
-      host_uri         = URI.parse(self.host)
+      allowed_host_uri = Gem::URI.parse(allowed_push_host)
+      host_uri         = Gem::URI.parse(self.host)
 
       unless (host_uri.scheme == allowed_host_uri.scheme) && (host_uri.host == allowed_host_uri.host)
         alert_error "#{self.host.inspect} is not allowed by the gemspec, which only allows #{allowed_push_host.inspect}"
@@ -101,11 +103,11 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
       end
     end
 
-    uri = URI.parse "#{self.host}/#{path}"
+    uri = Gem::URI.parse "#{self.host}/#{path}"
     response = request_with_otp(method, uri, &block)
 
     if mfa_unauthorized?(response)
-      ask_otp
+      fetch_otp(credentials)
       response = request_with_otp(method, uri, &block)
     end
 
@@ -118,27 +120,27 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   end
 
   def mfa_unauthorized?(response)
-    response.kind_of?(Net::HTTPUnauthorized) && response.body.start_with?("You have enabled multifactor authentication")
+    response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPUnauthorized) && response.body.start_with?("You have enabled multifactor authentication")
   end
 
   def update_scope(scope)
-    sign_in_host        = self.host
+    sign_in_host        = host
     pretty_host         = pretty_host(sign_in_host)
     update_scope_params = { scope => true }
 
     say "The existing key doesn't have access of #{scope} on #{pretty_host}. Please sign in to update access."
 
-    email    = ask "   Email: "
-    password = ask_for_password "Password: "
+    identifier = ask "Username/email: "
+    password   = ask_for_password "      Password: "
 
     response = rubygems_api_request(:put, "api/v1/api_key",
                                     sign_in_host, scope: scope) do |request|
-      request.basic_auth email, password
+      request.basic_auth identifier, password
       request["OTP"] = otp if otp
-      request.body = URI.encode_www_form({ :api_key => api_key }.merge(update_scope_params))
+      request.body = Gem::URI.encode_www_form({ api_key: api_key }.merge(update_scope_params))
     end
 
-    with_response response do |resp|
+    with_response response do |_resp|
       say "Added #{scope} scope to the existing API key"
     end
   end
@@ -148,33 +150,34 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   # key.
 
   def sign_in(sign_in_host = nil, scope: nil)
-    sign_in_host ||= self.host
+    sign_in_host ||= host
     return if api_key
 
     pretty_host = pretty_host(sign_in_host)
 
     say "Enter your #{pretty_host} credentials."
-    say "Don't have an account yet? " +
+    say "Don't have an account yet? " \
         "Create one at #{sign_in_host}/sign_up"
 
-    email = ask "   Email: "
-    password = ask_for_password "Password: "
+    identifier = ask "Username/email: "
+    password   = ask_for_password "      Password: "
     say "\n"
 
     key_name     = get_key_name(scope)
     scope_params = get_scope_params(scope)
-    profile      = get_user_profile(email, password)
+    profile      = get_user_profile(identifier, password)
     mfa_params   = get_mfa_params(profile)
     all_params   = scope_params.merge(mfa_params)
     warning      = profile["warning"]
+    credentials  = { identifier: identifier, password: password }
 
     say "#{warning}\n" if warning
 
     response = rubygems_api_request(:post, "api/v1/api_key",
-                                    sign_in_host, scope: scope) do |request|
-      request.basic_auth email, password
+                                    sign_in_host, credentials: credentials, scope: scope) do |request|
+      request.basic_auth identifier, password
       request["OTP"] = otp if otp
-      request.body = URI.encode_www_form({ name: key_name }.merge(all_params))
+      request.body = Gem::URI.encode_www_form({ name: key_name }.merge(all_params))
     end
 
     with_response response do |resp|
@@ -201,16 +204,23 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   # block was given or shows the response body to the user.
   #
   # If the response was not successful, shows an error to the user including
-  # the +error_prefix+ and the response body.
+  # the +error_prefix+ and the response body. If the response was a permanent redirect,
+  # shows an error to the user including the redirect location.
 
   def with_response(response, error_prefix = nil)
     case response
-    when Net::HTTPSuccess then
+    when Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess then
       if block_given?
         yield response
       else
         say clean_text(response.body)
       end
+    when Gem::Net::HTTPPermanentRedirect, Gem::Net::HTTPRedirection then
+      message = "The request has redirected permanently to #{response["location"]}. Please check your defined push host URL."
+      message = "#{error_prefix}: #{message}" if error_prefix
+
+      say clean_text(message)
+      terminate_interaction(ERROR_CODE)
     else
       message = response.body
       message = "#{error_prefix}: #{message}" if error_prefix
@@ -235,7 +245,7 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   private
 
   def request_with_otp(method, uri, &block)
-    request_method = Net::HTTP.const_get method.to_s.capitalize
+    request_method = Gem::Net::HTTP.const_get method.to_s.capitalize
 
     Gem::RemoteFetcher.fetcher.request(uri, request_method) do |req|
       req["OTP"] = otp if otp
@@ -243,9 +253,52 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
     end
   end
 
-  def ask_otp
-    say "You have enabled multi-factor authentication. Please enter OTP code."
-    options[:otp] = ask "Code: "
+  def fetch_otp(credentials)
+    options[:otp] = if webauthn_url = webauthn_verification_url(credentials)
+      server = TCPServer.new 0
+      port = server.addr[1].to_s
+
+      url_with_port = "#{webauthn_url}?port=#{port}"
+      say "You have enabled multi-factor authentication. Please visit #{url_with_port} to authenticate via security device. If you can't verify using WebAuthn but have OTP enabled, you can re-run the gem signin command with the `--otp [your_code]` option."
+
+      threads = [WebauthnListener.listener_thread(host, server), WebauthnPoller.poll_thread(options, host, webauthn_url, credentials)]
+      otp_thread = wait_for_otp_thread(*threads)
+
+      threads.each(&:join)
+
+      if error = otp_thread[:error]
+        alert_error error.message
+        terminate_interaction(1)
+      end
+
+      say "You are verified with a security device. You may close the browser window."
+      otp_thread[:otp]
+    else
+      say "You have enabled multi-factor authentication. Please enter OTP code."
+      ask "Code: "
+    end
+  end
+
+  def wait_for_otp_thread(*threads)
+    loop do
+      threads.each do |otp_thread|
+        return otp_thread unless otp_thread.alive?
+      end
+      sleep 0.1
+    end
+  ensure
+    threads.each(&:exit)
+  end
+
+  def webauthn_verification_url(credentials)
+    response = rubygems_api_request(:post, "api/v1/webauthn_verification") do |request|
+      if credentials.empty?
+        request.add_field "Authorization", api_key
+      else
+        request.basic_auth credentials[:identifier], credentials[:password]
+      end
+    end
+    response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess) ? response.body : nil
   end
 
   def pretty_host(host)
@@ -257,15 +310,31 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   end
 
   def get_scope_params(scope)
-    scope_params = {}
+    scope_params = { index_rubygems: true }
 
     if scope
       scope_params = { scope => true }
     else
-      say "Please select scopes you want to enable for the API key (y/n)"
-      API_SCOPES.each do |scope|
-        selected = ask_yes_no("#{scope}", false)
-        scope_params[scope] = true if selected
+      say "The default access scope is:"
+      scope_params.each do |k, _v|
+        say "  #{k}: y"
+      end
+      say "\n"
+      customise = ask_yes_no("Do you want to customise scopes?", false)
+      if customise
+        EXCLUSIVELY_API_SCOPES.each do |excl_scope|
+          selected = ask_yes_no("#{excl_scope} (exclusive scope, answering yes will not prompt for other scopes)", false)
+          next unless selected
+
+          return { excl_scope => true }
+        end
+
+        scope_params = {}
+
+        API_SCOPES.each do |s|
+          selected = ask_yes_no(s.to_s, false)
+          scope_params[s] = true if selected
+        end
       end
       say "\n"
     end
@@ -274,25 +343,25 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   end
 
   def default_host?
-    self.host == Gem::DEFAULT_HOST
+    host == Gem::DEFAULT_HOST
   end
 
-  def get_user_profile(email, password)
+  def get_user_profile(identifier, password)
     return {} unless default_host?
 
     response = rubygems_api_request(:get, "api/v1/profile/me.yaml") do |request|
-      request.basic_auth email, password
+      request.basic_auth identifier, password
     end
 
     with_response response do |resp|
-      Gem::SafeYAML.load clean_text(resp.body)
+      Gem::ConfigFile.load_with_rubygems_config_hash(clean_text(resp.body))
     end
   end
 
   def get_mfa_params(profile)
     mfa_level = profile["mfa"]
     params = {}
-    if mfa_level == "ui_only" || mfa_level == "ui_and_gem_signin"
+    if ["ui_only", "ui_and_gem_signin"].include?(mfa_level)
       selected = ask_yes_no("Would you like to enable MFA for this key? (strongly recommended)")
       params["mfa"] = true if selected
     end
@@ -314,6 +383,6 @@ module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
   end
 
   def api_key_forbidden?(response)
-    response.kind_of?(Net::HTTPForbidden) && response.body.start_with?("The API key doesn't have access")
+    response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPForbidden) && response.body.start_with?("The API key doesn't have access")
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener.rb b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abf65efe37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "webauthn_listener/response"
+
+##
+# The WebauthnListener class retrieves an OTP after a user successfully WebAuthns with the Gem host.
+# An instance opens a socket using the TCPServer instance given and listens for a request from the Gem host.
+# The request should be a GET request to the root path and contains the OTP code in the form
+# of a query parameter `code`. The listener will return the code which will be used as the OTP for
+# API requests.
+#
+# Types of responses sent by the listener after receiving a request:
+#   - 200 OK: OTP code was successfully retrieved
+#   - 204 No Content: If the request was an OPTIONS request
+#   - 400 Bad Request: If the request did not contain a query parameter `code`
+#   - 404 Not Found: The request was not to the root path
+#   - 405 Method Not Allowed: OTP code was not retrieved because the request was not a GET/OPTIONS request
+#
+# Example usage:
+#
+#   thread = Gem::WebauthnListener.listener_thread("https://rubygems.example", server)
+#   thread.join
+#   otp = thread[:otp]
+#   error = thread[:error]
+#
+
+module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
+  class WebauthnListener
+    attr_reader :host
+
+    def initialize(host)
+      @host = host
+    end
+
+    def self.listener_thread(host, server)
+      Thread.new do
+        thread = Thread.current
+        thread.abort_on_exception = true
+        thread.report_on_exception = false
+        thread[:otp] = new(host).wait_for_otp_code(server)
+      rescue Gem::WebauthnVerificationError => e
+        thread[:error] = e
+      ensure
+        server.close
+      end
+    end
+
+    def wait_for_otp_code(server)
+      loop do
+        socket = server.accept
+        request_line = socket.gets
+
+        method, req_uri, _protocol = request_line.split(" ")
+        req_uri = Gem::URI.parse(req_uri)
+
+        responder = SocketResponder.new(socket)
+
+        unless root_path?(req_uri)
+          responder.send(NotFoundResponse.for(host))
+          raise Gem::WebauthnVerificationError, "Page at #{req_uri.path} not found."
+        end
+
+        case method.upcase
+        when "OPTIONS"
+          responder.send(NoContentResponse.for(host))
+          next # will be GET
+        when "GET"
+          if otp = parse_otp_from_uri(req_uri)
+            responder.send(OkResponse.for(host))
+            return otp
+          end
+          responder.send(BadRequestResponse.for(host))
+          raise Gem::WebauthnVerificationError, "Did not receive OTP from #{host}."
+        else
+          responder.send(MethodNotAllowedResponse.for(host))
+          raise Gem::WebauthnVerificationError, "Invalid HTTP method #{method.upcase} received."
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def root_path?(uri)
+      uri.path == "/"
+    end
+
+    def parse_otp_from_uri(uri)
+      require "cgi"
+
+      return if uri.query.nil?
+      CGI.parse(uri.query).dig("code", 0)
+    end
+
+    class SocketResponder
+      def initialize(socket)
+        @socket = socket
+      end
+
+      def send(response)
+        @socket.print response.to_s
+        @socket.close
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener/response.rb b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener/response.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17baa64fff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_listener/response.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+##
+# The WebauthnListener Response class is used by the WebauthnListener to create
+# responses to be sent to the Gem host. It creates a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse instance
+# when initialized and can be converted to the appropriate format to be sent by a socket using `to_s`.
+# Gem::Net::HTTPResponse instances cannot be directly sent over a socket.
+#
+# Types of response classes:
+#   - OkResponse
+#   - NoContentResponse
+#   - BadRequestResponse
+#   - NotFoundResponse
+#   - MethodNotAllowedResponse
+#
+# Example usage:
+#
+#   server = TCPServer.new(0)
+#   socket = server.accept
+#
+#   response = OkResponse.for("https://rubygems.example")
+#   socket.print response.to_s
+#   socket.close
+#
+
+module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
+  class WebauthnListener
+    class Response
+      attr_reader :http_response
+
+      def self.for(host)
+        new(host)
+      end
+
+      def initialize(host)
+        @host = host
+
+        build_http_response
+      end
+
+      def to_s
+        status_line = "HTTP/#{@http_response.http_version} #{@http_response.code} #{@http_response.message}\r\n"
+        headers = @http_response.to_hash.map {|header, value| "#{header}: #{value.join(", ")}\r\n" }.join + "\r\n"
+        body = @http_response.body ? "#{@http_response.body}\n" : ""
+
+        status_line + headers + body
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Must be implemented in subclasses
+      def code
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      def reason_phrase
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      def body; end
+
+      def build_http_response
+        response_class = Gem::Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ[code.to_s]
+        @http_response = response_class.new("1.1", code, reason_phrase)
+        @http_response.instance_variable_set(:@read, true)
+
+        add_connection_header
+        add_access_control_headers
+        add_body
+      end
+
+      def add_connection_header
+        @http_response["connection"] = "close"
+      end
+
+      def add_access_control_headers
+        @http_response["access-control-allow-origin"] = @host
+        @http_response["access-control-allow-methods"] = "POST"
+        @http_response["access-control-allow-headers"] = %w[Content-Type Authorization x-csrf-token]
+      end
+
+      def add_body
+        return unless body
+        @http_response["content-type"] = "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
+        @http_response["content-length"] = body.bytesize
+        @http_response.instance_variable_set(:@body, body)
+      end
+    end
+
+    class OkResponse < Response
+      private
+
+      def code
+        200
+      end
+
+      def reason_phrase
+        "OK"
+      end
+
+      def body
+        "success"
+      end
+    end
+
+    class NoContentResponse < Response
+      private
+
+      def code
+        204
+      end
+
+      def reason_phrase
+        "No Content"
+      end
+    end
+
+    class BadRequestResponse < Response
+      private
+
+      def code
+        400
+      end
+
+      def reason_phrase
+        "Bad Request"
+      end
+
+      def body
+        "missing code parameter"
+      end
+    end
+
+    class NotFoundResponse < Response
+      private
+
+      def code
+        404
+      end
+
+      def reason_phrase
+        "Not Found"
+      end
+    end
+
+    class MethodNotAllowedResponse < Response
+      private
+
+      def code
+        405
+      end
+
+      def reason_phrase
+        "Method Not Allowed"
+      end
+
+      def add_access_control_headers
+        super
+        @http_response["allow"] = %w[GET OPTIONS]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_poller.rb b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_poller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0fdd1d5bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/gemcutter_utilities/webauthn_poller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+##
+# The WebauthnPoller class retrieves an OTP after a user successfully WebAuthns. An instance
+# polls the Gem host for the OTP code. The polling request (api/v1/webauthn_verification/<webauthn_token>/status.json)
+# is sent to the Gem host every 5 seconds and will timeout after 5 minutes. If the status field in the json response
+# is "success", the code field will contain the OTP code.
+#
+# Example usage:
+#
+#   thread = Gem::WebauthnPoller.poll_thread(
+#     {},
+#     "RubyGems.org",
+#     "https://rubygems.org/api/v1/webauthn_verification/odow34b93t6aPCdY",
+#     { email: "email@example.com", password: "password" }
+#   )
+#   thread.join
+#   otp = thread[:otp]
+#   error = thread[:error]
+#
+
+module Gem::GemcutterUtilities
+  class WebauthnPoller
+    include Gem::GemcutterUtilities
+    TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS = 300
+
+    attr_reader :options, :host
+
+    def initialize(options, host)
+      @options = options
+      @host = host
+    end
+
+    def self.poll_thread(options, host, webauthn_url, credentials)
+      Thread.new do
+        thread = Thread.current
+        thread.abort_on_exception = true
+        thread.report_on_exception = false
+        thread[:otp] = new(options, host).poll_for_otp(webauthn_url, credentials)
+      rescue Gem::WebauthnVerificationError, Gem::Timeout::Error => e
+        thread[:error] = e
+      end
+    end
+
+    def poll_for_otp(webauthn_url, credentials)
+      Gem::Timeout.timeout(TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS) do
+        loop do
+          response = webauthn_verification_poll_response(webauthn_url, credentials)
+          raise Gem::WebauthnVerificationError, response.message unless response.is_a?(Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess)
+
+          require "json"
+          parsed_response = JSON.parse(response.body)
+          case parsed_response["status"]
+          when "pending"
+            sleep 5
+          when "success"
+            return parsed_response["code"]
+          else
+            raise Gem::WebauthnVerificationError, parsed_response.fetch("message", "Invalid response from server")
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def webauthn_verification_poll_response(webauthn_url, credentials)
+      webauthn_token = %r{(?<=\/)[^\/]+(?=$)}.match(webauthn_url)[0]
+      rubygems_api_request(:get, "api/v1/webauthn_verification/#{webauthn_token}/status.json") do |request|
+        if credentials.empty?
+          request.add_field "Authorization", api_key
+        else
+          request.basic_auth credentials[:email], credentials[:password]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/gemspec_helpers.rb b/lib/rubygems/gemspec_helpers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b20fcafa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/gemspec_helpers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "../rubygems"
+
+##
+# Mixin methods for commands that work with gemspecs.
+
+module Gem::GemspecHelpers
+  def find_gemspec(glob = "*.gemspec")
+    gemspecs = Dir.glob(glob).sort
+
+    if gemspecs.size > 1
+      alert_error "Multiple gemspecs found: #{gemspecs}, please specify one"
+      terminate_interaction(1)
+    end
+
+    gemspecs.first
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/indexer.rb b/lib/rubygems/indexer.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 39653462e9..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/indexer.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,427 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-require_relative "../rubygems"
-require_relative "package"
-require "tmpdir"
-
-##
-# Top level class for building the gem repository index.
-
-class Gem::Indexer
-  include Gem::UserInteraction
-
-  ##
-  # Build indexes for RubyGems 1.2.0 and newer when true
-
-  attr_accessor :build_modern
-
-  ##
-  # Index install location
-
-  attr_reader :dest_directory
-
-  ##
-  # Specs index install location
-
-  attr_reader :dest_specs_index
-
-  ##
-  # Latest specs index install location
-
-  attr_reader :dest_latest_specs_index
-
-  ##
-  # Prerelease specs index install location
-
-  attr_reader :dest_prerelease_specs_index
-
-  ##
-  # Index build directory
-
-  attr_reader :directory
-
-  ##
-  # Create an indexer that will index the gems in +directory+.
-
-  def initialize(directory, options = {})
-    require "fileutils"
-    require "tmpdir"
-    require "zlib"
-
-    options = { :build_modern => true }.merge options
-
-    @build_modern = options[:build_modern]
-
-    @dest_directory = directory
-    @directory = Dir.mktmpdir "gem_generate_index"
-
-    marshal_name = "Marshal.#{Gem.marshal_version}"
-
-    @master_index = File.join @directory, "yaml"
-    @marshal_index = File.join @directory, marshal_name
-
-    @quick_dir = File.join @directory, "quick"
-    @quick_marshal_dir = File.join @quick_dir, marshal_name
-    @quick_marshal_dir_base = File.join "quick", marshal_name # FIX: UGH
-
-    @quick_index = File.join @quick_dir, "index"
-    @latest_index = File.join @quick_dir, "latest_index"
-
-    @specs_index = File.join @directory, "specs.#{Gem.marshal_version}"
-    @latest_specs_index =
-      File.join(@directory, "latest_specs.#{Gem.marshal_version}")
-    @prerelease_specs_index =
-      File.join(@directory, "prerelease_specs.#{Gem.marshal_version}")
-    @dest_specs_index =
-      File.join(@dest_directory, "specs.#{Gem.marshal_version}")
-    @dest_latest_specs_index =
-      File.join(@dest_directory, "latest_specs.#{Gem.marshal_version}")
-    @dest_prerelease_specs_index =
-      File.join(@dest_directory, "prerelease_specs.#{Gem.marshal_version}")
-
-    @files = []
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Build various indices
-
-  def build_indices
-    specs = map_gems_to_specs gem_file_list
-    Gem::Specification._resort! specs
-    build_marshal_gemspecs specs
-    build_modern_indices specs if @build_modern
-
-    compress_indices
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Builds Marshal quick index gemspecs.
-
-  def build_marshal_gemspecs(specs)
-    count = specs.count
-    progress = ui.progress_reporter count,
-                                    "Generating Marshal quick index gemspecs for #{count} gems",
-                                    "Complete"
-
-    files = []
-
-    Gem.time "Generated Marshal quick index gemspecs" do
-      specs.each do |spec|
-        next if spec.default_gem?
-        spec_file_name = "#{spec.original_name}.gemspec.rz"
-        marshal_name = File.join @quick_marshal_dir, spec_file_name
-
-        marshal_zipped = Gem.deflate Marshal.dump(spec)
-
-        File.open marshal_name, "wb" do |io|
-          io.write marshal_zipped
-        end
-
-        files << marshal_name
-
-        progress.updated spec.original_name
-      end
-
-      progress.done
-    end
-
-    @files << @quick_marshal_dir
-
-    files
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Build a single index for RubyGems 1.2 and newer
-
-  def build_modern_index(index, file, name)
-    say "Generating #{name} index"
-
-    Gem.time "Generated #{name} index" do
-      File.open(file, "wb") do |io|
-        specs = index.map do |*spec|
-          # We have to splat here because latest_specs is an array, while the
-          # others are hashes.
-          spec = spec.flatten.last
-          platform = spec.original_platform
-
-          # win32-api-1.0.4-x86-mswin32-60
-          unless String === platform
-            alert_warning "Skipping invalid platform in gem: #{spec.full_name}"
-            next
-          end
-
-          platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY if platform.nil? || platform.empty?
-          [spec.name, spec.version, platform]
-        end
-
-        specs = compact_specs(specs)
-        Marshal.dump(specs, io)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Builds indices for RubyGems 1.2 and newer. Handles full, latest, prerelease
-
-  def build_modern_indices(specs)
-    prerelease, released = specs.partition do |s|
-      s.version.prerelease?
-    end
-    latest_specs =
-      Gem::Specification._latest_specs specs
-
-    build_modern_index(released.sort, @specs_index, "specs")
-    build_modern_index(latest_specs.sort, @latest_specs_index, "latest specs")
-    build_modern_index(prerelease.sort, @prerelease_specs_index,
-                       "prerelease specs")
-
-    @files += [@specs_index,
-               "#{@specs_index}.gz",
-               @latest_specs_index,
-               "#{@latest_specs_index}.gz",
-               @prerelease_specs_index,
-               "#{@prerelease_specs_index}.gz"]
-  end
-
-  def map_gems_to_specs(gems)
-    gems.map do |gemfile|
-      if File.size(gemfile) == 0
-        alert_warning "Skipping zero-length gem: #{gemfile}"
-        next
-      end
-
-      begin
-        spec = Gem::Package.new(gemfile).spec
-        spec.loaded_from = gemfile
-
-        spec.abbreviate
-        spec.sanitize
-
-        spec
-      rescue SignalException
-        alert_error "Received signal, exiting"
-        raise
-      rescue Exception => e
-        msg = ["Unable to process #{gemfile}",
-               "#{e.message} (#{e.class})",
-               "\t#{e.backtrace.join "\n\t"}"].join("\n")
-        alert_error msg
-      end
-    end.compact
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Compresses indices on disk
-  #--
-  # All future files should be compressed using gzip, not deflate
-
-  def compress_indices
-    say "Compressing indices"
-
-    Gem.time "Compressed indices" do
-      if @build_modern
-        gzip @specs_index
-        gzip @latest_specs_index
-        gzip @prerelease_specs_index
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Compacts Marshal output for the specs index data source by using identical
-  # objects as much as possible.
-
-  def compact_specs(specs)
-    names = {}
-    versions = {}
-    platforms = {}
-
-    specs.map do |(name, version, platform)|
-      names[name] = name unless names.include? name
-      versions[version] = version unless versions.include? version
-      platforms[platform] = platform unless platforms.include? platform
-
-      [names[name], versions[version], platforms[platform]]
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Compress +filename+ with +extension+.
-
-  def compress(filename, extension)
-    data = Gem.read_binary filename
-
-    zipped = Gem.deflate data
-
-    File.open "#{filename}.#{extension}", "wb" do |io|
-      io.write zipped
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # List of gem file names to index.
-
-  def gem_file_list
-    Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*.gem", File.join(@dest_directory, "gems"))
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Builds and installs indices.
-
-  def generate_index
-    make_temp_directories
-    build_indices
-    install_indices
-  rescue SignalException
-  ensure
-    FileUtils.rm_rf @directory
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Zlib::GzipWriter wrapper that gzips +filename+ on disk.
-
-  def gzip(filename)
-    Zlib::GzipWriter.open "#{filename}.gz" do |io|
-      io.write Gem.read_binary(filename)
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Install generated indices into the destination directory.
-
-  def install_indices
-    verbose = Gem.configuration.really_verbose
-
-    say "Moving index into production dir #{@dest_directory}" if verbose
-
-    files = @files
-    files.delete @quick_marshal_dir if files.include? @quick_dir
-
-    if files.include?(@quick_marshal_dir) && !files.include?(@quick_dir)
-      files.delete @quick_marshal_dir
-
-      dst_name = File.join(@dest_directory, @quick_marshal_dir_base)
-
-      FileUtils.mkdir_p File.dirname(dst_name), :verbose => verbose
-      FileUtils.rm_rf dst_name, :verbose => verbose
-      FileUtils.mv(@quick_marshal_dir, dst_name,
-                   :verbose => verbose, :force => true)
-    end
-
-    files = files.map do |path|
-      path.sub(/^#{Regexp.escape @directory}\/?/, "") # HACK?
-    end
-
-    files.each do |file|
-      src_name = File.join @directory, file
-      dst_name = File.join @dest_directory, file
-
-      FileUtils.rm_rf dst_name, :verbose => verbose
-      FileUtils.mv(src_name, @dest_directory,
-                   :verbose => verbose, :force => true)
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Make directories for index generation
-
-  def make_temp_directories
-    FileUtils.rm_rf @directory
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p @directory, :mode => 0700
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p @quick_marshal_dir
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Ensure +path+ and path with +extension+ are identical.
-
-  def paranoid(path, extension)
-    data = Gem.read_binary path
-    compressed_data = Gem.read_binary "#{path}.#{extension}"
-
-    unless data == Gem::Util.inflate(compressed_data)
-      raise "Compressed file #{compressed_path} does not match uncompressed file #{path}"
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Perform an in-place update of the repository from newly added gems.
-
-  def update_index
-    make_temp_directories
-
-    specs_mtime = File.stat(@dest_specs_index).mtime
-    newest_mtime = Time.at 0
-
-    updated_gems = gem_file_list.select do |gem|
-      gem_mtime = File.stat(gem).mtime
-      newest_mtime = gem_mtime if gem_mtime > newest_mtime
-      gem_mtime >= specs_mtime
-    end
-
-    if updated_gems.empty?
-      say "No new gems"
-      terminate_interaction 0
-    end
-
-    specs = map_gems_to_specs updated_gems
-    prerelease, released = specs.partition {|s| s.version.prerelease? }
-
-    files = build_marshal_gemspecs specs
-
-    Gem.time "Updated indexes" do
-      update_specs_index released, @dest_specs_index, @specs_index
-      update_specs_index released, @dest_latest_specs_index, @latest_specs_index
-      update_specs_index(prerelease,
-                         @dest_prerelease_specs_index,
-                         @prerelease_specs_index)
-    end
-
-    compress_indices
-
-    verbose = Gem.configuration.really_verbose
-
-    say "Updating production dir #{@dest_directory}" if verbose
-
-    files << @specs_index
-    files << "#{@specs_index}.gz"
-    files << @latest_specs_index
-    files << "#{@latest_specs_index}.gz"
-    files << @prerelease_specs_index
-    files << "#{@prerelease_specs_index}.gz"
-
-    files = files.map do |path|
-      path.sub(/^#{Regexp.escape @directory}\/?/, "") # HACK?
-    end
-
-    files.each do |file|
-      src_name = File.join @directory, file
-      dst_name = File.join @dest_directory, file # REFACTOR: duped above
-
-      FileUtils.mv src_name, dst_name, :verbose => verbose,
-                   :force => true
-
-      File.utime newest_mtime, newest_mtime, dst_name
-    end
-  ensure
-    FileUtils.rm_rf @directory
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Combines specs in +index+ and +source+ then writes out a new copy to
-  # +dest+.  For a latest index, does not ensure the new file is minimal.
-
-  def update_specs_index(index, source, dest)
-    specs_index = Marshal.load Gem.read_binary(source)
-
-    index.each do |spec|
-      platform = spec.original_platform
-      platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY if platform.nil? || platform.empty?
-      specs_index << [spec.name, spec.version, platform]
-    end
-
-    specs_index = compact_specs specs_index.uniq.sort
-
-    File.open dest, "wb" do |io|
-      Marshal.dump specs_index, io
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/install_default_message.rb b/lib/rubygems/install_default_message.rb
index 0d112a15df..0640eaaf08 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/install_default_message.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/install_default_message.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/install_message.rb b/lib/rubygems/install_message.rb
index 2565f36261..a24e26b918 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/install_message.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/install_message.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/install_update_options.rb b/lib/rubygems/install_update_options.rb
index 79effcf21f..aad207a718 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/install_update_options.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/install_update_options.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -35,9 +36,9 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
                "List the documentation types you wish to",
                "generate.  For example: rdoc,ri") do |value, options|
       options[:document] = case value
-      when nil   then %w[ri]
-      when false then []
-      else            value
+                           when nil   then %w[ri]
+                           when false then []
+                           else value
       end
     end
 
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--vendor",
                "Install gem into the vendor directory.",
-               "Only for use by gem repackagers.") do |value, options|
+               "Only for use by gem repackagers.") do |_value, options|
       unless Gem.vendor_dir
         raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidOption.new "your platform is not supported"
       end
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "-N", "--no-document",
-               "Disable documentation generation") do |value, options|
+               "Disable documentation generation") do |_value, options|
       options[:document] = []
     end
 
@@ -103,21 +104,21 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--development",
                 "Install additional development",
-                "dependencies") do |value, options|
+                "dependencies") do |_value, options|
       options[:development] = true
       options[:dev_shallow] = true
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--development-all",
                 "Install development dependencies for all",
-                "gems (including dev deps themselves)") do |value, options|
+                "gems (including dev deps themselves)") do |_value, options|
       options[:development] = true
       options[:dev_shallow] = false
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--conservative",
                 "Don't attempt to upgrade gems already",
-                "meeting version requirement") do |value, options|
+                "meeting version requirement") do |_value, options|
       options[:conservative] = true
       options[:minimal_deps] = true
     end
@@ -135,13 +136,13 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "-g", "--file [FILE]",
                "Read from a gem dependencies API file and",
-               "install the listed gems") do |v,o|
-      v = Gem::GEM_DEP_FILES.find do |file|
+               "install the listed gems") do |v,_o|
+      v ||= Gem::GEM_DEP_FILES.find do |file|
         File.exist? file
-      end unless v
+      end
 
       unless v
-        message = v ? v : "(tried #{Gem::GEM_DEP_FILES.join ', '})"
+        message = v ? v : "(tried #{Gem::GEM_DEP_FILES.join ", "})"
 
         raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument,
                 "cannot find gem dependencies file #{message}"
@@ -153,29 +154,29 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--without GROUPS", Array,
                "Omit the named groups (comma separated)",
                "when installing from a gem dependencies",
-               "file") do |v,o|
-      options[:without_groups].concat v.map {|without| without.intern }
+               "file") do |v,_o|
+      options[:without_groups].concat v.map(&:intern)
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--default",
                "Add the gem's full specification to",
-               "specifications/default and extract only its bin") do |v,o|
+               "specifications/default and extract only its bin") do |v,_o|
       options[:install_as_default] = v
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--explain",
                "Rather than install the gems, indicate which would",
-               "be installed") do |v,o|
+               "be installed") do |v,_o|
       options[:explain] = v
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--[no-]lock",
-               "Create a lock file (when used with -g/--file)") do |v,o|
+               "Create a lock file (when used with -g/--file)") do |v,_o|
       options[:lock] = v
     end
 
     add_option(:"Install/Update", "--[no-]suggestions",
-               "Suggest alternates when gems are not found") do |v,o|
+               "Suggest alternates when gems are not found") do |v,_o|
       options[:suggest_alternate] = v
     end
   end
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
 
   def install_update_options
     {
-      :document => %w[ri],
+      document: %w[ri],
     }
   end
 
@@ -195,5 +196,4 @@ module Gem::InstallUpdateOptions
   def install_update_defaults_str
     "--document=ri"
   end
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/installer.rb b/lib/rubygems/installer.rb
index 531ca8716e..8f6f9a5aa8 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/installer.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/installer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -188,10 +189,12 @@ class Gem::Installer
     @package.prog_mode = options[:prog_mode]
     @package.data_mode = options[:data_mode]
 
-    if options[:user_install]
-      @gem_home = Gem.user_dir
-      @bin_dir = Gem.bindir gem_home unless options[:bin_dir]
-      @plugins_dir = Gem.plugindir(gem_home)
+    if @gem_home == Gem.user_dir
+      # If we get here, then one of the following likely happened:
+      # - `--user-install` was specified
+      # - `Gem::PathSupport#home` fell back to `Gem.user_dir`
+      # - GEM_HOME was manually set to `Gem.user_dir`
+
       check_that_user_bin_dir_is_in_path
     end
   end
@@ -221,31 +224,32 @@ class Gem::Installer
 
     File.open generated_bin, "rb" do |io|
       line = io.gets
-      shebang = /^#!.*ruby/
+      shebang = /^#!.*ruby/o
 
-      if load_relative_enabled?
-        until line.nil? || line =~ shebang do
+      # TruffleRuby uses a bash prelude in default launchers
+      if load_relative_enabled? || RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
+        until line.nil? || shebang.match?(line) do
           line = io.gets
         end
       end
 
-      next unless line =~ shebang
+      next unless line&.match?(shebang)
 
       io.gets # blankline
 
-      # TODO detect a specially formatted comment instead of trying
+      # TODO: detect a specially formatted comment instead of trying
       # to find a string inside Ruby code.
-      next unless io.gets.to_s.include?("This file was generated by RubyGems")
+      next unless io.gets&.include?("This file was generated by RubyGems")
 
       ruby_executable = true
-      existing = io.read.slice(%r{
+      existing = io.read.slice(/
           ^\s*(
             gem \s |
             load \s Gem\.bin_path\( |
             load \s Gem\.activate_bin_path\(
           )
           (['"])(.*?)(\2),
-        }x, 3)
+        /x, 3)
     end
 
     return if spec.name == existing
@@ -315,7 +319,7 @@ class Gem::Installer
     FileUtils.rm_rf spec.extension_dir
 
     dir_mode = options[:dir_mode]
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_dir, :mode => dir_mode && 0755
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_dir, mode: dir_mode && 0o755
 
     if @options[:install_as_default]
       extract_bin
@@ -342,37 +346,35 @@ class Gem::Installer
 
     Gem::Specification.add_spec(spec)
 
+    load_plugin
+
     run_post_install_hooks
 
     spec
-
-  # TODO This rescue is in the wrong place. What is raising this exception?
-  # move this rescue to around the code that actually might raise it.
-  rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error
-    raise Gem::InstallError, "gzip error installing #{gem}"
+  rescue Errno::EACCES => e
+    # Permission denied - /path/to/foo
+    raise Gem::FilePermissionError, e.message.split(" - ").last
   end
 
   def run_pre_install_hooks # :nodoc:
     Gem.pre_install_hooks.each do |hook|
-      if hook.call(self) == false
-        location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /[ @](.*:\d+)/
+      next unless hook.call(self) == false
+      location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /[ @](.*:\d+)/
 
-        message = "pre-install hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}"
-        raise Gem::InstallError, message
-      end
+      message = "pre-install hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}"
+      raise Gem::InstallError, message
     end
   end
 
   def run_post_build_hooks # :nodoc:
     Gem.post_build_hooks.each do |hook|
-      if hook.call(self) == false
-        FileUtils.rm_rf gem_dir
+      next unless hook.call(self) == false
+      FileUtils.rm_rf gem_dir
 
-        location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /[ @](.*:\d+)/
+      location = " at #{$1}" if hook.inspect =~ /[ @](.*:\d+)/
 
-        message = "post-build hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}"
-        raise Gem::InstallError, message
-      end
+      message = "post-build hook#{location} failed for #{spec.full_name}"
+      raise Gem::InstallError, message
     end
   end
 
@@ -388,11 +390,11 @@ class Gem::Installer
   # we'll be installing into.
 
   def installed_specs
-    @specs ||= begin
+    @installed_specs ||= begin
       specs = []
 
       Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*.gemspec", File.join(gem_home, "specifications")).each do |path|
-        spec = Gem::Specification.load path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+        spec = Gem::Specification.load path
         specs << spec if spec
       end
 
@@ -462,6 +464,9 @@ class Gem::Installer
   ##
   # Writes the full .gemspec specification (in Ruby) to the gem home's
   # specifications/default directory.
+  #
+  # In contrast to #write_spec, this keeps file lists, so the `gem contents`
+  # command works.
 
   def write_default_spec
     Gem.write_binary(default_spec_file, spec.to_ruby)
@@ -488,12 +493,11 @@ class Gem::Installer
     ensure_writable_dir @bin_dir
 
     spec.executables.each do |filename|
-      filename.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
       bin_path = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, filename
       next unless File.exist? bin_path
 
       mode = File.stat(bin_path).mode
-      dir_mode = options[:prog_mode] || (mode | 0111)
+      dir_mode = options[:prog_mode] || (mode | 0o111)
 
       unless dir_mode == mode
         require "fileutils"
@@ -521,6 +525,8 @@ class Gem::Installer
     else
       regenerate_plugins_for(spec, @plugins_dir)
     end
+  rescue ArgumentError => e
+    raise e, "#{latest.name} #{latest.version} #{spec.name} #{spec.version}: #{e.message}"
   end
 
   ##
@@ -528,7 +534,7 @@ class Gem::Installer
   #--
   # The Windows script is generated in addition to the regular one due to a
   # bug or misfeature in the Windows shell's pipe.  See
-  # http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/193379
+  # https://blade.ruby-lang.org/ruby-talk/193379
 
   def generate_bin_script(filename, bindir)
     bin_script_path = File.join bindir, formatted_program_filename(filename)
@@ -536,9 +542,9 @@ class Gem::Installer
     require "fileutils"
     FileUtils.rm_f bin_script_path # prior install may have been --no-wrappers
 
-    File.open bin_script_path, "wb", 0755 do |file|
+    File.open bin_script_path, "wb", 0o755 do |file|
       file.print app_script_text(filename)
-      file.chmod(options[:prog_mode] || 0755)
+      file.chmod(options[:prog_mode] || 0o755)
     end
 
     verbose bin_script_path
@@ -563,7 +569,7 @@ class Gem::Installer
       File.unlink dst
     end
 
-    FileUtils.symlink src, dst, :verbose => Gem.configuration.really_verbose
+    FileUtils.symlink src, dst, verbose: Gem.configuration.really_verbose
   rescue NotImplementedError, SystemCallError
     alert_warning "Unable to use symlinks, installing wrapper"
     generate_bin_script filename, bindir
@@ -586,7 +592,7 @@ class Gem::Installer
 
   def shebang(bin_file_name)
     path = File.join gem_dir, spec.bindir, bin_file_name
-    first_line = File.open(path, "rb") {|file| file.gets } || ""
+    first_line = File.open(path, "rb", &:gets) || ""
 
     if first_line.start_with?("#!")
       # Preserve extra words on shebang line, like "-w".  Thanks RPA.
@@ -628,7 +634,6 @@ class Gem::Installer
 
   def ensure_loadable_spec
     ruby = spec.to_ruby_for_cache
-    ruby.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
 
     begin
       eval ruby
@@ -649,32 +654,37 @@ class Gem::Installer
 
   def process_options # :nodoc:
     @options = {
-      :bin_dir      => nil,
-      :env_shebang  => false,
-      :force        => false,
-      :only_install_dir => false,
-      :post_install_message => true,
+      bin_dir: nil,
+      env_shebang: false,
+      force: false,
+      only_install_dir: false,
+      post_install_message: true,
     }.merge options
 
     @env_shebang         = options[:env_shebang]
     @force               = options[:force]
     @install_dir         = options[:install_dir]
-    @gem_home            = options[:install_dir] || Gem.dir
-    @plugins_dir         = Gem.plugindir(@gem_home)
+    @user_install        = options[:user_install]
     @ignore_dependencies = options[:ignore_dependencies]
     @format_executable   = options[:format_executable]
     @wrappers            = options[:wrappers]
     @only_install_dir    = options[:only_install_dir]
 
-    # If the user has asked for the gem to be installed in a directory that is
-    # the system gem directory, then use the system bin directory, else create
-    # (or use) a new bin dir under the gem_home.
-    @bin_dir             = options[:bin_dir] || Gem.bindir(gem_home)
+    @bin_dir             = options[:bin_dir]
     @development         = options[:development]
     @build_root          = options[:build_root]
 
     @build_args = options[:build_args]
 
+    @gem_home = @install_dir || user_install_dir || Gem.dir
+
+    # If the user has asked for the gem to be installed in a directory that is
+    # the system gem directory, then use the system bin directory, else create
+    # (or use) a new bin dir under the gem_home.
+    @bin_dir ||= Gem.bindir(@gem_home)
+
+    @plugins_dir = Gem.plugindir(@gem_home)
+
     unless @build_root.nil?
       @bin_dir = File.join(@build_root, @bin_dir.gsub(/^[a-zA-Z]:/, ""))
       @gem_home = File.join(@build_root, @gem_home.gsub(/^[a-zA-Z]:/, ""))
@@ -708,12 +718,11 @@ class Gem::Installer
   end
 
   def verify_gem_home # :nodoc:
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_home, :mode => options[:dir_mode] && 0755
-    raise Gem::FilePermissionError, gem_home unless File.writable?(gem_home)
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p gem_home, mode: options[:dir_mode] && 0o755
   end
 
   def verify_spec
-    unless spec.name =~ Gem::Specification::VALID_NAME_PATTERN
+    unless Gem::Specification::VALID_NAME_PATTERN.match?(spec.name)
       raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid name"
     end
 
@@ -725,11 +734,11 @@ class Gem::Installer
       raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid extensions"
     end
 
-    if spec.platform.to_s =~ /\R/
+    if /\R/.match?(spec.platform.to_s)
       raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec.platform} is an invalid platform"
     end
 
-    unless spec.specification_version.to_s =~ /\A\d+\z/
+    unless /\A\d+\z/.match?(spec.specification_version.to_s)
       raise Gem::InstallError, "#{spec} has an invalid specification_version"
     end
 
@@ -746,9 +755,9 @@ class Gem::Installer
   # Return the text for an application file.
 
   def app_script_text(bin_file_name)
-    # note that the `load` lines cannot be indented, as old RG versions match
+    # NOTE: that the `load` lines cannot be indented, as old RG versions match
     # against the beginning of the line
-    return <<-TEXT
+    <<-TEXT
 #{shebang bin_file_name}
 #
 # This file was generated by RubyGems.
@@ -805,10 +814,10 @@ TEXT
     rb_topdir = RbConfig::TOPDIR || File.dirname(rb_config["bindir"])
 
     # get ruby executable file name from RbConfig
-    ruby_exe = "#{rb_config['RUBY_INSTALL_NAME']}#{rb_config['EXEEXT']}"
+    ruby_exe = "#{rb_config["RUBY_INSTALL_NAME"]}#{rb_config["EXEEXT"]}"
     ruby_exe = "ruby.exe" if ruby_exe.empty?
 
-    if File.exist?(File.join bindir, ruby_exe)
+    if File.exist?(File.join(bindir, ruby_exe))
       # stub & ruby.exe within same folder.  Portable
       <<-TEXT
 @ECHO OFF
@@ -930,7 +939,7 @@ TEXT
     build_info_dir = File.join gem_home, "build_info"
 
     dir_mode = options[:dir_mode]
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p build_info_dir, :mode => dir_mode && 0755
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p build_info_dir, mode: dir_mode && 0o755
 
     build_info_file = File.join build_info_dir, "#{spec.full_name}.info"
 
@@ -953,7 +962,7 @@ TEXT
 
   def ensure_writable_dir(dir) # :nodoc:
     begin
-      Dir.mkdir dir, *[options[:dir_mode] && 0755].compact
+      Dir.mkdir dir, *[options[:dir_mode] && 0o755].compact
     rescue SystemCallError
       raise unless File.directory? dir
     end
@@ -963,6 +972,19 @@ TEXT
 
   private
 
+  def user_install_dir
+    # never install to user home in --build-root mode
+    return unless @build_root.nil?
+
+    # Please note that @user_install might have three states:
+    # * `true`: `--user-install`
+    # * `false`: `--no-user-install` and
+    # * `nil`: option was not specified
+    if @user_install || (@user_install.nil? && Gem.default_user_install)
+      Gem.user_dir
+    end
+  end
+
   def build_args
     @build_args ||= begin
                       require_relative "command"
@@ -988,7 +1010,7 @@ TEXT
         bindir="${0%/*}"
       EOS
 
-      script << %Q(exec "$bindir/#{ruby_install_name}" "-x" "$0" "$@"\n)
+      script << %(exec "$bindir/#{ruby_install_name}" "-x" "$0" "$@"\n)
 
       <<~EOS
         #!/bin/sh
@@ -1002,4 +1024,17 @@ TEXT
       ""
     end
   end
+
+  def load_plugin
+    specs = Gem::Specification.find_all_by_name(spec.name)
+    # If old version already exists, this plugin isn't loaded
+    # immediately. It's for avoiding a case that multiple versions
+    # are loaded at the same time.
+    return unless specs.size == 1
+
+    plugin_files = spec.plugins.map do |plugin|
+      File.join(@plugins_dir, "#{spec.name}_plugin#{File.extname(plugin)}")
+    end
+    Gem.load_plugin_files(plugin_files)
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/installer_uninstaller_utils.rb b/lib/rubygems/installer_uninstaller_utils.rb
index d97b4e29b1..c5c2a52bab 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/installer_uninstaller_utils.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/installer_uninstaller_utils.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 # Helper methods for both Gem::Installer and Gem::Uninstaller
 
 module Gem::InstallerUninstallerUtils
-
   def regenerate_plugins_for(spec, plugins_dir)
     plugins = spec.plugins
     return if plugins.empty?
@@ -25,5 +24,4 @@ module Gem::InstallerUninstallerUtils
   def remove_plugins_for(spec, plugins_dir)
     FileUtils.rm_f Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("#{spec.name}#{Gem.plugin_suffix_pattern}", plugins_dir)
   end
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/local_remote_options.rb b/lib/rubygems/local_remote_options.rb
index b2c2dea905..51a61213a5 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/local_remote_options.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/local_remote_options.rb
@@ -1,26 +1,26 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
 # See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
 #++
 
-require "uri"
+require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 
 ##
 # Mixin methods for local and remote Gem::Command options.
 
 module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
-
   ##
   # Allows Gem::OptionParser to handle HTTP URIs.
 
   def accept_uri_http
-    Gem::OptionParser.accept URI::HTTP do |value|
+    Gem::OptionParser.accept Gem::URI::HTTP do |value|
       begin
-        uri = URI.parse value
-      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+        uri = Gem::URI.parse value
+      rescue Gem::URI::InvalidURIError
         raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, value
       end
 
@@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
 
   def add_local_remote_options
     add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-l", "--local",
-               "Restrict operations to the LOCAL domain") do |value, options|
+               "Restrict operations to the LOCAL domain") do |_value, options|
       options[:domain] = :local
     end
 
     add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-r", "--remote",
-      "Restrict operations to the REMOTE domain") do |value, options|
+      "Restrict operations to the REMOTE domain") do |_value, options|
       options[:domain] = :remote
     end
 
     add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-b", "--both",
-               "Allow LOCAL and REMOTE operations") do |value, options|
+               "Allow LOCAL and REMOTE operations") do |_value, options|
       options[:domain] = :both
     end
 
@@ -66,8 +66,7 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
   def add_bulk_threshold_option
     add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-B", "--bulk-threshold COUNT",
                "Threshold for switching to bulk",
-               "synchronization (default #{Gem.configuration.bulk_threshold})") do
-      |value, options|
+               "synchronization (default #{Gem.configuration.bulk_threshold})") do |value, _options|
       Gem.configuration.bulk_threshold = value.to_i
     end
   end
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
 
   def add_clear_sources_option
     add_option(:"Local/Remote", "--clear-sources",
-               "Clear the gem sources") do |value, options|
+               "Clear the gem sources") do |_value, options|
       Gem.sources = nil
       options[:sources_cleared] = true
     end
@@ -89,9 +88,9 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
   def add_proxy_option
     accept_uri_http
 
-    add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-p", "--[no-]http-proxy [URL]", URI::HTTP,
+    add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-p", "--[no-]http-proxy [URL]", Gem::URI::HTTP,
                "Use HTTP proxy for remote operations") do |value, options|
-      options[:http_proxy] = (value == false) ? :no_proxy : value
+      options[:http_proxy] = value == false ? :no_proxy : value
       Gem.configuration[:http_proxy] = options[:http_proxy]
     end
   end
@@ -102,9 +101,9 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
   def add_source_option
     accept_uri_http
 
-    add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-s", "--source URL", URI::HTTP,
+    add_option(:"Local/Remote", "-s", "--source URL", Gem::URI::HTTP,
                "Append URL to list of remote gem sources") do |source, options|
-      source << "/" if source !~ /\/\z/
+      source << "/" unless source.end_with?("/")
 
       if options.delete :sources_cleared
         Gem.sources = [source]
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
 
   def add_update_sources_option
     add_option(:Deprecated, "-u", "--[no-]update-sources",
-               "Update local source cache") do |value, options|
+               "Update local source cache") do |value, _options|
       Gem.configuration.update_sources = value
     end
   end
@@ -144,5 +143,4 @@ module Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
   def remote?
     options[:domain] == :remote || options[:domain] == :both
   end
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/mock_gem_ui.rb b/lib/rubygems/mock_gem_ui.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5cc67ad099..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/mock_gem_ui.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-require_relative "user_interaction"
-
-##
-# This Gem::StreamUI subclass records input and output to StringIO for
-# retrieval during tests.
-
-class Gem::MockGemUi < Gem::StreamUI
-  ##
-  # Raised when you haven't provided enough input to your MockGemUi
-
-  class InputEOFError < RuntimeError
-    def initialize(question)
-      super "Out of input for MockGemUi on #{question.inspect}"
-    end
-  end
-
-  class TermError < RuntimeError
-    attr_reader :exit_code
-
-    def initialize(exit_code)
-      super
-      @exit_code = exit_code
-    end
-  end
-  class SystemExitException < RuntimeError; end
-
-  module TTY
-
-    attr_accessor :tty
-
-    def tty?()
-      @tty = true unless defined?(@tty)
-      @tty
-    end
-
-    def noecho
-      yield self
-    end
-  end
-
-  def initialize(input = "")
-    require "stringio"
-    ins = StringIO.new input
-    outs = StringIO.new
-    errs = StringIO.new
-
-    ins.extend TTY
-    outs.extend TTY
-    errs.extend TTY
-
-    super ins, outs, errs, true
-
-    @terminated = false
-  end
-
-  def ask(question)
-    raise InputEOFError, question if @ins.eof?
-
-    super
-  end
-
-  def input
-    @ins.string
-  end
-
-  def output
-    @outs.string
-  end
-
-  def error
-    @errs.string
-  end
-
-  def terminated?
-    @terminated
-  end
-
-  def terminate_interaction(status=0)
-    @terminated = true
-
-    raise TermError, status if status != 0
-    raise SystemExitException
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/name_tuple.rb b/lib/rubygems/name_tuple.rb
index 767dc1fb45..3f4a6fcf3d 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/name_tuple.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/name_tuple.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 #
 # Represents a gem of name +name+ at +version+ of +platform+. These
 # wrap the data returned from the indexes.
 
 class Gem::NameTuple
-  def initialize(name, version, platform="ruby")
+  def initialize(name, version, platform=Gem::Platform::RUBY)
     @name = name
     @version = version
 
-    unless platform.kind_of? Gem::Platform
-      platform = "ruby" if !platform || platform.empty?
-    end
-
+    platform &&= platform.to_s
+    platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY if !platform || platform.empty?
     @platform = platform
   end
 
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ class Gem::NameTuple
   # [name, version, platform] tuples.
 
   def self.to_basic(list)
-    list.map {|t| t.to_a }
+    list.map(&:to_a)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -48,11 +47,11 @@ class Gem::NameTuple
 
   def full_name
     case @platform
-    when nil, "ruby", ""
+    when nil, "", Gem::Platform::RUBY
       "#{@name}-#{@version}"
     else
       "#{@name}-#{@version}-#{@platform}"
-    end.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    end
   end
 
   ##
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ class Gem::NameTuple
     "#<Gem::NameTuple #{@name}, #{@version}, #{@platform}>"
   end
 
-  alias to_s inspect # :nodoc:
+  alias_method :to_s, :inspect # :nodoc:
 
   def <=>(other)
     [@name, @version, Gem::Platform.sort_priority(@platform)] <=>
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/optparse.rb b/lib/rubygems/optparse.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6ed718423c..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/optparse.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative "optparse/lib/optparse"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse.rb b/lib/rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 98865612ba..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2303 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-#
-# optparse.rb - command-line option analysis with the Gem::OptionParser class.
-#
-# Author:: Nobu Nakada
-# Documentation:: Nobu Nakada and Gavin Sinclair.
-#
-# See Gem::OptionParser for documentation.
-#
-
-
-#--
-# == Developer Documentation (not for RDoc output)
-#
-# === Class tree
-#
-# - Gem::OptionParser:: front end
-# - Gem::OptionParser::Switch:: each switches
-# - Gem::OptionParser::List:: options list
-# - Gem::OptionParser::ParseError:: errors on parsing
-#   - Gem::OptionParser::AmbiguousOption
-#   - Gem::OptionParser::NeedlessArgument
-#   - Gem::OptionParser::MissingArgument
-#   - Gem::OptionParser::InvalidOption
-#   - Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument
-#     - Gem::OptionParser::AmbiguousArgument
-#
-# === Object relationship diagram
-#
-#   +--------------+
-#   | Gem::OptionParser |<>-----+
-#   +--------------+       |                      +--------+
-#                          |                    ,-| Switch |
-#        on_head -------->+---------------+    /  +--------+
-#        accept/reject -->| List          |<|>-
-#                         |               |<|>-  +----------+
-#        on ------------->+---------------+    `-| argument |
-#                           :           :        |  class   |
-#                         +---------------+      |==========|
-#        on_tail -------->|               |      |pattern   |
-#                         +---------------+      |----------|
-#   Gem::OptionParser.accept ->| DefaultList   |      |converter |
-#                reject   |(shared between|      +----------+
-#                         | all instances)|
-#                         +---------------+
-#
-#++
-#
-# == Gem::OptionParser
-#
-# === New to \Gem::OptionParser?
-#
-# See the {Tutorial}[optparse/tutorial.rdoc].
-#
-# === Introduction
-#
-# Gem::OptionParser is a class for command-line option analysis.  It is much more
-# advanced, yet also easier to use, than GetoptLong, and is a more Ruby-oriented
-# solution.
-#
-# === Features
-#
-# 1. The argument specification and the code to handle it are written in the
-#    same place.
-# 2. It can output an option summary; you don't need to maintain this string
-#    separately.
-# 3. Optional and mandatory arguments are specified very gracefully.
-# 4. Arguments can be automatically converted to a specified class.
-# 5. Arguments can be restricted to a certain set.
-#
-# All of these features are demonstrated in the examples below.  See
-# #make_switch for full documentation.
-#
-# === Minimal example
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#
-#   options = {}
-#   Gem::OptionParser.new do |parser|
-#     parser.banner = "Usage: example.rb [options]"
-#
-#     parser.on("-v", "--[no-]verbose", "Run verbosely") do |v|
-#       options[:verbose] = v
-#     end
-#   end.parse!
-#
-#   p options
-#   p ARGV
-#
-# === Generating Help
-#
-# Gem::OptionParser can be used to automatically generate help for the commands you
-# write:
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#
-#   Options = Struct.new(:name)
-#
-#   class Parser
-#     def self.parse(options)
-#       args = Options.new("world")
-#
-#       opt_parser = Gem::OptionParser.new do |parser|
-#         parser.banner = "Usage: example.rb [options]"
-#
-#         parser.on("-nNAME", "--name=NAME", "Name to say hello to") do |n|
-#           args.name = n
-#         end
-#
-#         parser.on("-h", "--help", "Prints this help") do
-#           puts parser
-#           exit
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       opt_parser.parse!(options)
-#       return args
-#     end
-#   end
-#   options = Parser.parse %w[--help]
-#
-#   #=>
-#      # Usage: example.rb [options]
-#      #     -n, --name=NAME                  Name to say hello to
-#      #     -h, --help                       Prints this help
-#
-# === Required Arguments
-#
-# For options that require an argument, option specification strings may include an
-# option name in all caps. If an option is used without the required argument,
-# an exception will be raised.
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#
-#   options = {}
-#   Gem::OptionParser.new do |parser|
-#     parser.on("-r", "--require LIBRARY",
-#               "Require the LIBRARY before executing your script") do |lib|
-#       puts "You required #{lib}!"
-#     end
-#   end.parse!
-#
-# Used:
-#
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb -r
-#   optparse-test.rb:9:in `<main>': missing argument: -r (Gem::OptionParser::MissingArgument)
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb -r my-library
-#   You required my-library!
-#
-# === Type Coercion
-#
-# Gem::OptionParser supports the ability to coerce command line arguments
-# into objects for us.
-#
-# Gem::OptionParser comes with a few ready-to-use kinds of  type
-# coercion. They are:
-#
-# - Date  -- Anything accepted by +Date.parse+
-# - DateTime -- Anything accepted by +DateTime.parse+
-# - Time -- Anything accepted by +Time.httpdate+ or +Time.parse+
-# - URI  -- Anything accepted by +URI.parse+
-# - Shellwords -- Anything accepted by +Shellwords.shellwords+
-# - String -- Any non-empty string
-# - Integer -- Any integer. Will convert octal. (e.g. 124, -3, 040)
-# - Float -- Any float. (e.g. 10, 3.14, -100E+13)
-# - Numeric -- Any integer, float, or rational (1, 3.4, 1/3)
-# - DecimalInteger -- Like +Integer+, but no octal format.
-# - OctalInteger -- Like +Integer+, but no decimal format.
-# - DecimalNumeric -- Decimal integer or float.
-# - TrueClass --  Accepts '+, yes, true, -, no, false' and
-#   defaults as +true+
-# - FalseClass -- Same as +TrueClass+, but defaults to +false+
-# - Array -- Strings separated by ',' (e.g. 1,2,3)
-# - Regexp -- Regular expressions. Also includes options.
-#
-# We can also add our own coercions, which we will cover below.
-#
-# ==== Using Built-in Conversions
-#
-# As an example, the built-in +Time+ conversion is used. The other built-in
-# conversions behave in the same way.
-# Gem::OptionParser will attempt to parse the argument
-# as a +Time+. If it succeeds, that time will be passed to the
-# handler block. Otherwise, an exception will be raised.
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse/time'
-#   Gem::OptionParser.new do |parser|
-#     parser.on("-t", "--time [TIME]", Time, "Begin execution at given time") do |time|
-#       p time
-#     end
-#   end.parse!
-#
-# Used:
-#
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb  -t nonsense
-#   ... invalid argument: -t nonsense (Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument)
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb  -t 10-11-12
-#   2010-11-12 00:00:00 -0500
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb  -t 9:30
-#   2014-08-13 09:30:00 -0400
-#
-# ==== Creating Custom Conversions
-#
-# The +accept+ method on Gem::OptionParser may be used to create converters.
-# It specifies which conversion block to call whenever a class is specified.
-# The example below uses it to fetch a +User+ object before the +on+ handler receives it.
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#
-#   User = Struct.new(:id, :name)
-#
-#   def find_user id
-#     not_found = ->{ raise "No User Found for id #{id}" }
-#     [ User.new(1, "Sam"),
-#       User.new(2, "Gandalf") ].find(not_found) do |u|
-#       u.id == id
-#     end
-#   end
-#
-#   op = Gem::OptionParser.new
-#   op.accept(User) do |user_id|
-#     find_user user_id.to_i
-#   end
-#
-#   op.on("--user ID", User) do |user|
-#     puts user
-#   end
-#
-#   op.parse!
-#
-# Used:
-#
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb --user 1
-#   #<struct User id=1, name="Sam">
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb --user 2
-#   #<struct User id=2, name="Gandalf">
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb --user 3
-#   optparse-test.rb:15:in `block in find_user': No User Found for id 3 (RuntimeError)
-#
-# === Store options to a Hash
-#
-# The +into+ option of +order+, +parse+ and so on methods stores command line options into a Hash.
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#
-#   options = {}
-#   Gem::OptionParser.new do |parser|
-#     parser.on('-a')
-#     parser.on('-b NUM', Integer)
-#     parser.on('-v', '--verbose')
-#   end.parse!(into: options)
-#
-#   p options
-#
-# Used:
-#
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb -a
-#   {:a=>true}
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb -a -v
-#   {:a=>true, :verbose=>true}
-#   $ ruby optparse-test.rb -a -b 100
-#   {:a=>true, :b=>100}
-#
-# === Complete example
-#
-# The following example is a complete Ruby program.  You can run it and see the
-# effect of specifying various options.  This is probably the best way to learn
-# the features of +optparse+.
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse'
-#   require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse/time'
-#   require 'ostruct'
-#   require 'pp'
-#
-#   class OptparseExample
-#     Version = '1.0.0'
-#
-#     CODES = %w[iso-2022-jp shift_jis euc-jp utf8 binary]
-#     CODE_ALIASES = { "jis" => "iso-2022-jp", "sjis" => "shift_jis" }
-#
-#     class ScriptOptions
-#       attr_accessor :library, :inplace, :encoding, :transfer_type,
-#                     :verbose, :extension, :delay, :time, :record_separator,
-#                     :list
-#
-#       def initialize
-#         self.library = []
-#         self.inplace = false
-#         self.encoding = "utf8"
-#         self.transfer_type = :auto
-#         self.verbose = false
-#       end
-#
-#       def define_options(parser)
-#         parser.banner = "Usage: example.rb [options]"
-#         parser.separator ""
-#         parser.separator "Specific options:"
-#
-#         # add additional options
-#         perform_inplace_option(parser)
-#         delay_execution_option(parser)
-#         execute_at_time_option(parser)
-#         specify_record_separator_option(parser)
-#         list_example_option(parser)
-#         specify_encoding_option(parser)
-#         optional_option_argument_with_keyword_completion_option(parser)
-#         boolean_verbose_option(parser)
-#
-#         parser.separator ""
-#         parser.separator "Common options:"
-#         # No argument, shows at tail.  This will print an options summary.
-#         # Try it and see!
-#         parser.on_tail("-h", "--help", "Show this message") do
-#           puts parser
-#           exit
-#         end
-#         # Another typical switch to print the version.
-#         parser.on_tail("--version", "Show version") do
-#           puts Version
-#           exit
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def perform_inplace_option(parser)
-#         # Specifies an optional option argument
-#         parser.on("-i", "--inplace [EXTENSION]",
-#                   "Edit ARGV files in place",
-#                   "(make backup if EXTENSION supplied)") do |ext|
-#           self.inplace = true
-#           self.extension = ext || ''
-#           self.extension.sub!(/\A\.?(?=.)/, ".")  # Ensure extension begins with dot.
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def delay_execution_option(parser)
-#         # Cast 'delay' argument to a Float.
-#         parser.on("--delay N", Float, "Delay N seconds before executing") do |n|
-#           self.delay = n
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def execute_at_time_option(parser)
-#         # Cast 'time' argument to a Time object.
-#         parser.on("-t", "--time [TIME]", Time, "Begin execution at given time") do |time|
-#           self.time = time
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def specify_record_separator_option(parser)
-#         # Cast to octal integer.
-#         parser.on("-F", "--irs [OCTAL]", Gem::OptionParser::OctalInteger,
-#                   "Specify record separator (default \\0)") do |rs|
-#           self.record_separator = rs
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def list_example_option(parser)
-#         # List of arguments.
-#         parser.on("--list x,y,z", Array, "Example 'list' of arguments") do |list|
-#           self.list = list
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def specify_encoding_option(parser)
-#         # Keyword completion.  We are specifying a specific set of arguments (CODES
-#         # and CODE_ALIASES - notice the latter is a Hash), and the user may provide
-#         # the shortest unambiguous text.
-#         code_list = (CODE_ALIASES.keys + CODES).join(', ')
-#         parser.on("--code CODE", CODES, CODE_ALIASES, "Select encoding",
-#                   "(#{code_list})") do |encoding|
-#           self.encoding = encoding
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def optional_option_argument_with_keyword_completion_option(parser)
-#         # Optional '--type' option argument with keyword completion.
-#         parser.on("--type [TYPE]", [:text, :binary, :auto],
-#                   "Select transfer type (text, binary, auto)") do |t|
-#           self.transfer_type = t
-#         end
-#       end
-#
-#       def boolean_verbose_option(parser)
-#         # Boolean switch.
-#         parser.on("-v", "--[no-]verbose", "Run verbosely") do |v|
-#           self.verbose = v
-#         end
-#       end
-#     end
-#
-#     #
-#     # Return a structure describing the options.
-#     #
-#     def parse(args)
-#       # The options specified on the command line will be collected in
-#       # *options*.
-#
-#       @options = ScriptOptions.new
-#       @args = Gem::OptionParser.new do |parser|
-#         @options.define_options(parser)
-#         parser.parse!(args)
-#       end
-#       @options
-#     end
-#
-#     attr_reader :parser, :options
-#   end  # class OptparseExample
-#
-#   example = OptparseExample.new
-#   options = example.parse(ARGV)
-#   pp options # example.options
-#   pp ARGV
-#
-# === Shell Completion
-#
-# For modern shells (e.g. bash, zsh, etc.), you can use shell
-# completion for command line options.
-#
-# === Further documentation
-#
-# The above examples, along with the accompanying
-# {Tutorial}[optparse/tutorial.rdoc],
-# should be enough to learn how to use this class.
-# If you have any questions, file a ticket at http://bugs.ruby-lang.org.
-#
-class Gem::OptionParser
-  Gem::OptionParser::Version = "0.2.0"
-
-  # :stopdoc:
-  NoArgument = [NO_ARGUMENT = :NONE, nil].freeze
-  RequiredArgument = [REQUIRED_ARGUMENT = :REQUIRED, true].freeze
-  OptionalArgument = [OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT = :OPTIONAL, false].freeze
-  # :startdoc:
-
-  #
-  # Keyword completion module.  This allows partial arguments to be specified
-  # and resolved against a list of acceptable values.
-  #
-  module Completion
-    def self.regexp(key, icase)
-      Regexp.new('\A' + Regexp.quote(key).gsub(/\w+\b/, '\&\w*'), icase)
-    end
-
-    def self.candidate(key, icase = false, pat = nil, &block)
-      pat ||= Completion.regexp(key, icase)
-      candidates = []
-      block.call do |k, *v|
-        (if Regexp === k
-           kn = ""
-           k === key
-         else
-           kn = defined?(k.id2name) ? k.id2name : k
-           pat === kn
-         end) or next
-        v << k if v.empty?
-        candidates << [k, v, kn]
-      end
-      candidates
-    end
-
-    def candidate(key, icase = false, pat = nil)
-      Completion.candidate(key, icase, pat, &method(:each))
-    end
-
-    public
-    def complete(key, icase = false, pat = nil)
-      candidates = candidate(key, icase, pat, &method(:each)).sort_by {|k, v, kn| kn.size}
-      if candidates.size == 1
-        canon, sw, * = candidates[0]
-      elsif candidates.size > 1
-        canon, sw, cn = candidates.shift
-        candidates.each do |k, v, kn|
-          next if sw == v
-          if String === cn and String === kn
-            if cn.rindex(kn, 0)
-              canon, sw, cn = k, v, kn
-              next
-            elsif kn.rindex(cn, 0)
-              next
-            end
-          end
-          throw :ambiguous, key
-        end
-      end
-      if canon
-        block_given? or return key, *sw
-        yield(key, *sw)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def convert(opt = nil, val = nil, *)
-      val
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  #
-  # Map from option/keyword string to object with completion.
-  #
-  class OptionMap < Hash
-    include Completion
-  end
-
-
-  #
-  # Individual switch class.  Not important to the user.
-  #
-  # Defined within Switch are several Switch-derived classes: NoArgument,
-  # RequiredArgument, etc.
-  #
-  class Switch
-    attr_reader :pattern, :conv, :short, :long, :arg, :desc, :block
-
-    #
-    # Guesses argument style from +arg+.  Returns corresponding
-    # Gem::OptionParser::Switch class (OptionalArgument, etc.).
-    #
-    def self.guess(arg)
-      case arg
-      when ""
-        t = self
-      when /\A=?\[/
-        t = Switch::OptionalArgument
-      when /\A\s+\[/
-        t = Switch::PlacedArgument
-      else
-        t = Switch::RequiredArgument
-      end
-      self >= t or incompatible_argument_styles(arg, t)
-      t
-    end
-
-    def self.incompatible_argument_styles(arg, t)
-      raise(ArgumentError, "#{arg}: incompatible argument styles\n  #{self}, #{t}",
-            ParseError.filter_backtrace(caller(2)))
-    end
-
-    def self.pattern
-      NilClass
-    end
-
-    def initialize(pattern = nil, conv = nil,
-                   short = nil, long = nil, arg = nil,
-                   desc = ([] if short or long), block = nil, &_block)
-      raise if Array === pattern
-      block ||= _block
-      @pattern, @conv, @short, @long, @arg, @desc, @block =
-        pattern, conv, short, long, arg, desc, block
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Parses +arg+ and returns rest of +arg+ and matched portion to the
-    # argument pattern. Yields when the pattern doesn't match substring.
-    #
-    def parse_arg(arg) # :nodoc:
-      pattern or return nil, [arg]
-      unless m = pattern.match(arg)
-        yield(InvalidArgument, arg)
-        return arg, []
-      end
-      if String === m
-        m = [s = m]
-      else
-        m = m.to_a
-        s = m[0]
-        return nil, m unless String === s
-      end
-      raise InvalidArgument, arg unless arg.rindex(s, 0)
-      return nil, m if s.length == arg.length
-      yield(InvalidArgument, arg) # didn't match whole arg
-      return arg[s.length..-1], m
-    end
-    private :parse_arg
-
-    #
-    # Parses argument, converts and returns +arg+, +block+ and result of
-    # conversion. Yields at semi-error condition instead of raising an
-    # exception.
-    #
-    def conv_arg(arg, val = []) # :nodoc:
-      if conv
-        val = conv.call(*val)
-      else
-        val = proc {|v| v}.call(*val)
-      end
-      return arg, block, val
-    end
-    private :conv_arg
-
-    #
-    # Produces the summary text. Each line of the summary is yielded to the
-    # block (without newline).
-    #
-    # +sdone+::  Already summarized short style options keyed hash.
-    # +ldone+::  Already summarized long style options keyed hash.
-    # +width+::  Width of left side (option part). In other words, the right
-    #            side (description part) starts after +width+ columns.
-    # +max+::    Maximum width of left side -> the options are filled within
-    #            +max+ columns.
-    # +indent+:: Prefix string indents all summarized lines.
-    #
-    def summarize(sdone = {}, ldone = {}, width = 1, max = width - 1, indent = "")
-      sopts, lopts = [], [], nil
-      @short.each {|s| sdone.fetch(s) {sopts << s}; sdone[s] = true} if @short
-      @long.each {|s| ldone.fetch(s) {lopts << s}; ldone[s] = true} if @long
-      return if sopts.empty? and lopts.empty? # completely hidden
-
-      left = [sopts.join(', ')]
-      right = desc.dup
-
-      while s = lopts.shift
-        l = left[-1].length + s.length
-        l += arg.length if left.size == 1 && arg
-        l < max or sopts.empty? or left << +''
-        left[-1] << (left[-1].empty? ? ' ' * 4 : ', ') << s
-      end
-
-      if arg
-        left[0] << (left[1] ? arg.sub(/\A(\[?)=/, '\1') + ',' : arg)
-      end
-      mlen = left.collect {|ss| ss.length}.max.to_i
-      while mlen > width and l = left.shift
-        mlen = left.collect {|ss| ss.length}.max.to_i if l.length == mlen
-        if l.length < width and (r = right[0]) and !r.empty?
-          l = l.to_s.ljust(width) + ' ' + r
-          right.shift
-        end
-        yield(indent + l)
-      end
-
-      while begin l = left.shift; r = right.shift; l or r end
-        l = l.to_s.ljust(width) + ' ' + r if r and !r.empty?
-        yield(indent + l)
-      end
-
-      self
-    end
-
-    def add_banner(to)  # :nodoc:
-      unless @short or @long
-        s = desc.join
-        to << " [" + s + "]..." unless s.empty?
-      end
-      to
-    end
-
-    def match_nonswitch?(str)  # :nodoc:
-      @pattern =~ str unless @short or @long
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Main name of the switch.
-    #
-    def switch_name
-      (long.first || short.first).sub(/\A-+(?:\[no-\])?/, '')
-    end
-
-    def compsys(sdone, ldone)   # :nodoc:
-      sopts, lopts = [], []
-      @short.each {|s| sdone.fetch(s) {sopts << s}; sdone[s] = true} if @short
-      @long.each {|s| ldone.fetch(s) {lopts << s}; ldone[s] = true} if @long
-      return if sopts.empty? and lopts.empty? # completely hidden
-
-      (sopts+lopts).each do |opt|
-        # "(-x -c -r)-l[left justify]"
-        if /^--\[no-\](.+)$/ =~ opt
-          o = $1
-          yield("--#{o}", desc.join(""))
-          yield("--no-#{o}", desc.join(""))
-        else
-          yield("#{opt}", desc.join(""))
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def pretty_print_contents(q) # :nodoc:
-      if @block
-        q.text ":" + @block.source_location.join(":") + ":"
-        first = false
-      else
-        first = true
-      end
-      [@short, @long].each do |list|
-        list.each do |opt|
-          if first
-            q.text ":"
-            first = false
-          end
-          q.breakable
-          q.text opt
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def pretty_print(q)         # :nodoc:
-      q.object_group(self) {pretty_print_contents(q)}
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Switch that takes no arguments.
-    #
-    class NoArgument < self
-
-      #
-      # Raises an exception if any arguments given.
-      #
-      def parse(arg, argv)
-        yield(NeedlessArgument, arg) if arg
-        conv_arg(arg)
-      end
-
-      def self.incompatible_argument_styles(*)
-      end
-
-      def self.pattern
-        Object
-      end
-
-      def pretty_head           # :nodoc:
-        "NoArgument"
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Switch that takes an argument.
-    #
-    class RequiredArgument < self
-
-      #
-      # Raises an exception if argument is not present.
-      #
-      def parse(arg, argv)
-        unless arg
-          raise MissingArgument if argv.empty?
-          arg = argv.shift
-        end
-        conv_arg(*parse_arg(arg, &method(:raise)))
-      end
-
-      def pretty_head           # :nodoc:
-        "Required"
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Switch that can omit argument.
-    #
-    class OptionalArgument < self
-
-      #
-      # Parses argument if given, or uses default value.
-      #
-      def parse(arg, argv, &error)
-        if arg
-          conv_arg(*parse_arg(arg, &error))
-        else
-          conv_arg(arg)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def pretty_head           # :nodoc:
-        "Optional"
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Switch that takes an argument, which does not begin with '-'.
-    #
-    class PlacedArgument < self
-
-      #
-      # Returns nil if argument is not present or begins with '-'.
-      #
-      def parse(arg, argv, &error)
-        if !(val = arg) and (argv.empty? or /\A-/ =~ (val = argv[0]))
-          return nil, block, nil
-        end
-        opt = (val = parse_arg(val, &error))[1]
-        val = conv_arg(*val)
-        if opt and !arg
-          argv.shift
-        else
-          val[0] = nil
-        end
-        val
-      end
-
-      def pretty_head           # :nodoc:
-        "Placed"
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Simple option list providing mapping from short and/or long option
-  # string to Gem::OptionParser::Switch and mapping from acceptable argument to
-  # matching pattern and converter pair. Also provides summary feature.
-  #
-  class List
-    # Map from acceptable argument types to pattern and converter pairs.
-    attr_reader :atype
-
-    # Map from short style option switches to actual switch objects.
-    attr_reader :short
-
-    # Map from long style option switches to actual switch objects.
-    attr_reader :long
-
-    # List of all switches and summary string.
-    attr_reader :list
-
-    #
-    # Just initializes all instance variables.
-    #
-    def initialize
-      @atype = {}
-      @short = OptionMap.new
-      @long = OptionMap.new
-      @list = []
-    end
-
-    def pretty_print(q)         # :nodoc:
-      q.group(1, "(", ")") do
-        @list.each do |sw|
-          next unless Switch === sw
-          q.group(1, "(" + sw.pretty_head, ")") do
-            sw.pretty_print_contents(q)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # See Gem::OptionParser.accept.
-    #
-    def accept(t, pat = /.*/m, &block)
-      if pat
-        pat.respond_to?(:match) or
-          raise TypeError, "has no `match'", ParseError.filter_backtrace(caller(2))
-      else
-        pat = t if t.respond_to?(:match)
-      end
-      unless block
-        block = pat.method(:convert).to_proc if pat.respond_to?(:convert)
-      end
-      @atype[t] = [pat, block]
-    end
-
-    #
-    # See Gem::OptionParser.reject.
-    #
-    def reject(t)
-      @atype.delete(t)
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Adds +sw+ according to +sopts+, +lopts+ and +nlopts+.
-    #
-    # +sw+::     Gem::OptionParser::Switch instance to be added.
-    # +sopts+::  Short style option list.
-    # +lopts+::  Long style option list.
-    # +nlopts+:: Negated long style options list.
-    #
-    def update(sw, sopts, lopts, nsw = nil, nlopts = nil) # :nodoc:
-      sopts.each {|o| @short[o] = sw} if sopts
-      lopts.each {|o| @long[o] = sw} if lopts
-      nlopts.each {|o| @long[o] = nsw} if nsw and nlopts
-      used = @short.invert.update(@long.invert)
-      @list.delete_if {|o| Switch === o and !used[o]}
-    end
-    private :update
-
-    #
-    # Inserts +switch+ at the head of the list, and associates short, long
-    # and negated long options. Arguments are:
-    #
-    # +switch+::      Gem::OptionParser::Switch instance to be inserted.
-    # +short_opts+::  List of short style options.
-    # +long_opts+::   List of long style options.
-    # +nolong_opts+:: List of long style options with "no-" prefix.
-    #
-    #   prepend(switch, short_opts, long_opts, nolong_opts)
-    #
-    def prepend(*args)
-      update(*args)
-      @list.unshift(args[0])
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Appends +switch+ at the tail of the list, and associates short, long
-    # and negated long options. Arguments are:
-    #
-    # +switch+::      Gem::OptionParser::Switch instance to be inserted.
-    # +short_opts+::  List of short style options.
-    # +long_opts+::   List of long style options.
-    # +nolong_opts+:: List of long style options with "no-" prefix.
-    #
-    #   append(switch, short_opts, long_opts, nolong_opts)
-    #
-    def append(*args)
-      update(*args)
-      @list.push(args[0])
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Searches +key+ in +id+ list. The result is returned or yielded if a
-    # block is given. If it isn't found, nil is returned.
-    #
-    def search(id, key)
-      if list = __send__(id)
-        val = list.fetch(key) {return nil}
-        block_given? ? yield(val) : val
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Searches list +id+ for +opt+ and the optional patterns for completion
-    # +pat+. If +icase+ is true, the search is case insensitive. The result
-    # is returned or yielded if a block is given. If it isn't found, nil is
-    # returned.
-    #
-    def complete(id, opt, icase = false, *pat, &block)
-      __send__(id).complete(opt, icase, *pat, &block)
-    end
-
-    def get_candidates(id)
-      yield __send__(id).keys
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Iterates over each option, passing the option to the +block+.
-    #
-    def each_option(&block)
-      list.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Creates the summary table, passing each line to the +block+ (without
-    # newline). The arguments +args+ are passed along to the summarize
-    # method which is called on every option.
-    #
-    def summarize(*args, &block)
-      sum = []
-      list.reverse_each do |opt|
-        if opt.respond_to?(:summarize) # perhaps Gem::OptionParser::Switch
-          s = []
-          opt.summarize(*args) {|l| s << l}
-          sum.concat(s.reverse)
-        elsif !opt or opt.empty?
-          sum << ""
-        elsif opt.respond_to?(:each_line)
-          sum.concat([*opt.each_line].reverse)
-        else
-          sum.concat([*opt.each].reverse)
-        end
-      end
-      sum.reverse_each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def add_banner(to)  # :nodoc:
-      list.each do |opt|
-        if opt.respond_to?(:add_banner)
-          opt.add_banner(to)
-        end
-      end
-      to
-    end
-
-    def compsys(*args, &block)  # :nodoc:
-      list.each do |opt|
-        if opt.respond_to?(:compsys)
-          opt.compsys(*args, &block)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Hash with completion search feature. See Gem::OptionParser::Completion.
-  #
-  class CompletingHash < Hash
-    include Completion
-
-    #
-    # Completion for hash key.
-    #
-    def match(key)
-      *values = fetch(key) {
-        raise AmbiguousArgument, catch(:ambiguous) {return complete(key)}
-      }
-      return key, *values
-    end
-  end
-
-  # :stopdoc:
-
-  #
-  # Enumeration of acceptable argument styles. Possible values are:
-  #
-  # NO_ARGUMENT::       The switch takes no arguments. (:NONE)
-  # REQUIRED_ARGUMENT:: The switch requires an argument. (:REQUIRED)
-  # OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT:: The switch requires an optional argument. (:OPTIONAL)
-  #
-  # Use like --switch=argument (long style) or -Xargument (short style). For
-  # short style, only portion matched to argument pattern is treated as
-  # argument.
-  #
-  ArgumentStyle = {}
-  NoArgument.each {|el| ArgumentStyle[el] = Switch::NoArgument}
-  RequiredArgument.each {|el| ArgumentStyle[el] = Switch::RequiredArgument}
-  OptionalArgument.each {|el| ArgumentStyle[el] = Switch::OptionalArgument}
-  ArgumentStyle.freeze
-
-  #
-  # Switches common used such as '--', and also provides default
-  # argument classes
-  #
-  DefaultList = List.new
-  DefaultList.short['-'] = Switch::NoArgument.new {}
-  DefaultList.long[''] = Switch::NoArgument.new {throw :terminate}
-
-
-  COMPSYS_HEADER = <<'XXX'      # :nodoc:
-
-typeset -A opt_args
-local context state line
-
-_arguments -s -S \
-XXX
-
-  def compsys(to, name = File.basename($0)) # :nodoc:
-    to << "#compdef #{name}\n"
-    to << COMPSYS_HEADER
-    visit(:compsys, {}, {}) {|o, d|
-      to << %Q[  "#{o}[#{d.gsub(/[\"\[\]]/, '\\\\\&')}]" \\\n]
-    }
-    to << "  '*:file:_files' && return 0\n"
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Default options for ARGV, which never appear in option summary.
-  #
-  Officious = {}
-
-  #
-  # --help
-  # Shows option summary.
-  #
-  Officious['help'] = proc do |parser|
-    Switch::NoArgument.new do |arg|
-      puts parser.help
-      exit
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # --*-completion-bash=WORD
-  # Shows candidates for command line completion.
-  #
-  Officious['*-completion-bash'] = proc do |parser|
-    Switch::RequiredArgument.new do |arg|
-      puts parser.candidate(arg)
-      exit
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # --*-completion-zsh[=NAME:FILE]
-  # Creates zsh completion file.
-  #
-  Officious['*-completion-zsh'] = proc do |parser|
-    Switch::OptionalArgument.new do |arg|
-      parser.compsys(STDOUT, arg)
-      exit
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # --version
-  # Shows version string if Version is defined.
-  #
-  Officious['version'] = proc do |parser|
-    Switch::OptionalArgument.new do |pkg|
-      if pkg
-        begin
-          require 'rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse/version'
-        rescue LoadError
-        else
-          show_version(*pkg.split(/,/)) or
-            abort("#{parser.program_name}: no version found in package #{pkg}")
-          exit
-        end
-      end
-      v = parser.ver or abort("#{parser.program_name}: version unknown")
-      puts v
-      exit
-    end
-  end
-
-  # :startdoc:
-
-  #
-  # Class methods
-  #
-
-  #
-  # Initializes a new instance and evaluates the optional block in context
-  # of the instance. Arguments +args+ are passed to #new, see there for
-  # description of parameters.
-  #
-  # This method is *deprecated*, its behavior corresponds to the older #new
-  # method.
-  #
-  def self.with(*args, &block)
-    opts = new(*args)
-    opts.instance_eval(&block)
-    opts
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Returns an incremented value of +default+ according to +arg+.
-  #
-  def self.inc(arg, default = nil)
-    case arg
-    when Integer
-      arg.nonzero?
-    when nil
-      default.to_i + 1
-    end
-  end
-  def inc(*args)
-    self.class.inc(*args)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Initializes the instance and yields itself if called with a block.
-  #
-  # +banner+:: Banner message.
-  # +width+::  Summary width.
-  # +indent+:: Summary indent.
-  #
-  def initialize(banner = nil, width = 32, indent = ' ' * 4)
-    @stack = [DefaultList, List.new, List.new]
-    @program_name = nil
-    @banner = banner
-    @summary_width = width
-    @summary_indent = indent
-    @default_argv = ARGV
-    @require_exact = false
-    add_officious
-    yield self if block_given?
-  end
-
-  def add_officious  # :nodoc:
-    list = base()
-    Officious.each do |opt, block|
-      list.long[opt] ||= block.call(self)
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Terminates option parsing. Optional parameter +arg+ is a string pushed
-  # back to be the first non-option argument.
-  #
-  def terminate(arg = nil)
-    self.class.terminate(arg)
-  end
-  def self.terminate(arg = nil)
-    throw :terminate, arg
-  end
-
-  @stack = [DefaultList]
-  def self.top() DefaultList end
-
-  #
-  # Directs to accept specified class +t+. The argument string is passed to
-  # the block in which it should be converted to the desired class.
-  #
-  # +t+::   Argument class specifier, any object including Class.
-  # +pat+:: Pattern for argument, defaults to +t+ if it responds to match.
-  #
-  #   accept(t, pat, &block)
-  #
-  def accept(*args, &blk) top.accept(*args, &blk) end
-  #
-  # See #accept.
-  #
-  def self.accept(*args, &blk) top.accept(*args, &blk) end
-
-  #
-  # Directs to reject specified class argument.
-  #
-  # +t+:: Argument class specifier, any object including Class.
-  #
-  #   reject(t)
-  #
-  def reject(*args, &blk) top.reject(*args, &blk) end
-  #
-  # See #reject.
-  #
-  def self.reject(*args, &blk) top.reject(*args, &blk) end
-
-  #
-  # Instance methods
-  #
-
-  # Heading banner preceding summary.
-  attr_writer :banner
-
-  # Program name to be emitted in error message and default banner,
-  # defaults to $0.
-  attr_writer :program_name
-
-  # Width for option list portion of summary. Must be Numeric.
-  attr_accessor :summary_width
-
-  # Indentation for summary. Must be String (or have + String method).
-  attr_accessor :summary_indent
-
-  # Strings to be parsed in default.
-  attr_accessor :default_argv
-
-  # Whether to require that options match exactly (disallows providing
-  # abbreviated long option as short option).
-  attr_accessor :require_exact
-
-  #
-  # Heading banner preceding summary.
-  #
-  def banner
-    unless @banner
-      @banner = +"Usage: #{program_name} [options]"
-      visit(:add_banner, @banner)
-    end
-    @banner
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Program name to be emitted in error message and default banner, defaults
-  # to $0.
-  #
-  def program_name
-    @program_name || File.basename($0, '.*')
-  end
-
-  # for experimental cascading :-)
-  alias set_banner banner=
-  alias set_program_name program_name=
-  alias set_summary_width summary_width=
-  alias set_summary_indent summary_indent=
-
-  # Version
-  attr_writer :version
-  # Release code
-  attr_writer :release
-
-  #
-  # Version
-  #
-  def version
-    (defined?(@version) && @version) || (defined?(::Version) && ::Version)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Release code
-  #
-  def release
-    (defined?(@release) && @release) || (defined?(::Release) && ::Release) || (defined?(::RELEASE) && ::RELEASE)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Returns version string from program_name, version and release.
-  #
-  def ver
-    if v = version
-      str = +"#{program_name} #{[v].join('.')}"
-      str << " (#{v})" if v = release
-      str
-    end
-  end
-
-  def warn(mesg = $!)
-    super("#{program_name}: #{mesg}")
-  end
-
-  def abort(mesg = $!)
-    super("#{program_name}: #{mesg}")
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Subject of #on / #on_head, #accept / #reject
-  #
-  def top
-    @stack[-1]
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Subject of #on_tail.
-  #
-  def base
-    @stack[1]
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Pushes a new List.
-  #
-  def new
-    @stack.push(List.new)
-    if block_given?
-      yield self
-    else
-      self
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Removes the last List.
-  #
-  def remove
-    @stack.pop
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Puts option summary into +to+ and returns +to+. Yields each line if
-  # a block is given.
-  #
-  # +to+:: Output destination, which must have method <<. Defaults to [].
-  # +width+:: Width of left side, defaults to @summary_width.
-  # +max+:: Maximum length allowed for left side, defaults to +width+ - 1.
-  # +indent+:: Indentation, defaults to @summary_indent.
-  #
-  def summarize(to = [], width = @summary_width, max = width - 1, indent = @summary_indent, &blk)
-    nl = "\n"
-    blk ||= proc {|l| to << (l.index(nl, -1) ? l : l + nl)}
-    visit(:summarize, {}, {}, width, max, indent, &blk)
-    to
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Returns option summary string.
-  #
-  def help; summarize("#{banner}".sub(/\n?\z/, "\n")) end
-  alias to_s help
-
-  def pretty_print(q)           # :nodoc:
-    q.object_group(self) do
-      first = true
-      if @stack.size > 2
-        @stack.each_with_index do |s, i|
-          next if i < 2
-          next if s.list.empty?
-          if first
-            first = false
-            q.text ":"
-          end
-          q.breakable
-          s.pretty_print(q)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  def inspect                   # :nodoc:
-    require 'pp'
-    pretty_print_inspect
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Returns option summary list.
-  #
-  def to_a; summarize("#{banner}".split(/^/)) end
-
-  #
-  # Checks if an argument is given twice, in which case an ArgumentError is
-  # raised. Called from Gem::OptionParser#switch only.
-  #
-  # +obj+:: New argument.
-  # +prv+:: Previously specified argument.
-  # +msg+:: Exception message.
-  #
-  def notwice(obj, prv, msg) # :nodoc:
-    unless !prv or prv == obj
-      raise(ArgumentError, "argument #{msg} given twice: #{obj}",
-            ParseError.filter_backtrace(caller(2)))
-    end
-    obj
-  end
-  private :notwice
-
-  SPLAT_PROC = proc {|*a| a.length <= 1 ? a.first : a} # :nodoc:
-
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   make_switch(params, block = nil)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  def make_switch(opts, block = nil)
-    short, long, nolong, style, pattern, conv, not_pattern, not_conv, not_style = [], [], []
-    ldesc, sdesc, desc, arg = [], [], []
-    default_style = Switch::NoArgument
-    default_pattern = nil
-    klass = nil
-    q, a = nil
-    has_arg = false
-
-    opts.each do |o|
-      # argument class
-      next if search(:atype, o) do |pat, c|
-        klass = notwice(o, klass, 'type')
-        if not_style and not_style != Switch::NoArgument
-          not_pattern, not_conv = pat, c
-        else
-          default_pattern, conv = pat, c
-        end
-      end
-
-      # directly specified pattern(any object possible to match)
-      if (!(String === o || Symbol === o)) and o.respond_to?(:match)
-        pattern = notwice(o, pattern, 'pattern')
-        if pattern.respond_to?(:convert)
-          conv = pattern.method(:convert).to_proc
-        else
-          conv = SPLAT_PROC
-        end
-        next
-      end
-
-      # anything others
-      case o
-      when Proc, Method
-        block = notwice(o, block, 'block')
-      when Array, Hash
-        case pattern
-        when CompletingHash
-        when nil
-          pattern = CompletingHash.new
-          conv = pattern.method(:convert).to_proc if pattern.respond_to?(:convert)
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError, "argument pattern given twice"
-        end
-        o.each {|pat, *v| pattern[pat] = v.fetch(0) {pat}}
-      when Module
-        raise ArgumentError, "unsupported argument type: #{o}", ParseError.filter_backtrace(caller(4))
-      when *ArgumentStyle.keys
-        style = notwice(ArgumentStyle[o], style, 'style')
-      when /^--no-([^\[\]=\s]*)(.+)?/
-        q, a = $1, $2
-        o = notwice(a ? Object : TrueClass, klass, 'type')
-        not_pattern, not_conv = search(:atype, o) unless not_style
-        not_style = (not_style || default_style).guess(arg = a) if a
-        default_style = Switch::NoArgument
-        default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, FalseClass) unless default_pattern
-        ldesc << "--no-#{q}"
-        (q = q.downcase).tr!('_', '-')
-        long << "no-#{q}"
-        nolong << q
-      when /^--\[no-\]([^\[\]=\s]*)(.+)?/
-        q, a = $1, $2
-        o = notwice(a ? Object : TrueClass, klass, 'type')
-        if a
-          default_style = default_style.guess(arg = a)
-          default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, o) unless default_pattern
-        end
-        ldesc << "--[no-]#{q}"
-        (o = q.downcase).tr!('_', '-')
-        long << o
-        not_pattern, not_conv = search(:atype, FalseClass) unless not_style
-        not_style = Switch::NoArgument
-        nolong << "no-#{o}"
-      when /^--([^\[\]=\s]*)(.+)?/
-        q, a = $1, $2
-        if a
-          o = notwice(NilClass, klass, 'type')
-          default_style = default_style.guess(arg = a)
-          default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, o) unless default_pattern
-        end
-        ldesc << "--#{q}"
-        (o = q.downcase).tr!('_', '-')
-        long << o
-      when /^-(\[\^?\]?(?:[^\\\]]|\\.)*\])(.+)?/
-        q, a = $1, $2
-        o = notwice(Object, klass, 'type')
-        if a
-          default_style = default_style.guess(arg = a)
-          default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, o) unless default_pattern
-        else
-          has_arg = true
-        end
-        sdesc << "-#{q}"
-        short << Regexp.new(q)
-      when /^-(.)(.+)?/
-        q, a = $1, $2
-        if a
-          o = notwice(NilClass, klass, 'type')
-          default_style = default_style.guess(arg = a)
-          default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, o) unless default_pattern
-        end
-        sdesc << "-#{q}"
-        short << q
-      when /^=/
-        style = notwice(default_style.guess(arg = o), style, 'style')
-        default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, Object) unless default_pattern
-      else
-        desc.push(o)
-      end
-    end
-
-    default_pattern, conv = search(:atype, default_style.pattern) unless default_pattern
-    if !(short.empty? and long.empty?)
-      if has_arg and default_style == Switch::NoArgument
-        default_style = Switch::RequiredArgument
-      end
-      s = (style || default_style).new(pattern || default_pattern,
-                                       conv, sdesc, ldesc, arg, desc, block)
-    elsif !block
-      if style or pattern
-        raise ArgumentError, "no switch given", ParseError.filter_backtrace(caller)
-      end
-      s = desc
-    else
-      short << pattern
-      s = (style || default_style).new(pattern,
-                                       conv, nil, nil, arg, desc, block)
-    end
-    return s, short, long,
-      (not_style.new(not_pattern, not_conv, sdesc, ldesc, nil, desc, block) if not_style),
-      nolong
-  end
-
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   define(*params, &block)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  def define(*opts, &block)
-    top.append(*(sw = make_switch(opts, block)))
-    sw[0]
-  end
-
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   on(*params, &block)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  def on(*opts, &block)
-    define(*opts, &block)
-    self
-  end
-  alias def_option define
-
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   define_head(*params, &block)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  def define_head(*opts, &block)
-    top.prepend(*(sw = make_switch(opts, block)))
-    sw[0]
-  end
-
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   on_head(*params, &block)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  # The new option is added at the head of the summary.
-  #
-  def on_head(*opts, &block)
-    define_head(*opts, &block)
-    self
-  end
-  alias def_head_option define_head
-
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   define_tail(*params, &block)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  def define_tail(*opts, &block)
-    base.append(*(sw = make_switch(opts, block)))
-    sw[0]
-  end
-
-  #
-  # :call-seq:
-  #   on_tail(*params, &block)
-  #
-  # :include: ../doc/optparse/creates_option.rdoc
-  #
-  # The new option is added at the tail of the summary.
-  #
-  def on_tail(*opts, &block)
-    define_tail(*opts, &block)
-    self
-  end
-  alias def_tail_option define_tail
-
-  #
-  # Add separator in summary.
-  #
-  def separator(string)
-    top.append(string, nil, nil)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Parses command line arguments +argv+ in order. When a block is given,
-  # each non-option argument is yielded. When optional +into+ keyword
-  # argument is provided, the parsed option values are stored there via
-  # <code>[]=</code> method (so it can be Hash, or OpenStruct, or other
-  # similar object).
-  #
-  # Returns the rest of +argv+ left unparsed.
-  #
-  def order(*argv, into: nil, &nonopt)
-    argv = argv[0].dup if argv.size == 1 and Array === argv[0]
-    order!(argv, into: into, &nonopt)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Same as #order, but removes switches destructively.
-  # Non-option arguments remain in +argv+.
-  #
-  def order!(argv = default_argv, into: nil, &nonopt)
-    setter = ->(name, val) {into[name.to_sym] = val} if into
-    parse_in_order(argv, setter, &nonopt)
-  end
-
-  def parse_in_order(argv = default_argv, setter = nil, &nonopt)  # :nodoc:
-    opt, arg, val, rest = nil
-    nonopt ||= proc {|a| throw :terminate, a}
-    argv.unshift(arg) if arg = catch(:terminate) {
-      while arg = argv.shift
-        case arg
-        # long option
-        when /\A--([^=]*)(?:=(.*))?/m
-          opt, rest = $1, $2
-          opt.tr!('_', '-')
-          begin
-            sw, = complete(:long, opt, true)
-            if require_exact && !sw.long.include?(arg)
-              raise InvalidOption, arg
-            end
-          rescue ParseError
-            raise $!.set_option(arg, true)
-          end
-          begin
-            opt, cb, val = sw.parse(rest, argv) {|*exc| raise(*exc)}
-            val = cb.call(val) if cb
-            setter.call(sw.switch_name, val) if setter
-          rescue ParseError
-            raise $!.set_option(arg, rest)
-          end
-
-        # short option
-        when /\A-(.)((=).*|.+)?/m
-          eq, rest, opt = $3, $2, $1
-          has_arg, val = eq, rest
-          begin
-            sw, = search(:short, opt)
-            unless sw
-              begin
-                sw, = complete(:short, opt)
-                # short option matched.
-                val = arg.delete_prefix('-')
-                has_arg = true
-              rescue InvalidOption
-                raise if require_exact
-                # if no short options match, try completion with long
-                # options.
-                sw, = complete(:long, opt)
-                eq ||= !rest
-              end
-            end
-          rescue ParseError
-            raise $!.set_option(arg, true)
-          end
-          begin
-            opt, cb, val = sw.parse(val, argv) {|*exc| raise(*exc) if eq}
-          rescue ParseError
-            raise $!.set_option(arg, arg.length > 2)
-          else
-            raise InvalidOption, arg if has_arg and !eq and arg == "-#{opt}"
-          end
-          begin
-            argv.unshift(opt) if opt and (!rest or (opt = opt.sub(/\A-*/, '-')) != '-')
-            val = cb.call(val) if cb
-            setter.call(sw.switch_name, val) if setter
-          rescue ParseError
-            raise $!.set_option(arg, arg.length > 2)
-          end
-
-        # non-option argument
-        else
-          catch(:prune) do
-            visit(:each_option) do |sw0|
-              sw = sw0
-              sw.block.call(arg) if Switch === sw and sw.match_nonswitch?(arg)
-            end
-            nonopt.call(arg)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      nil
-    }
-
-    visit(:search, :short, nil) {|sw| sw.block.call(*argv) if !sw.pattern}
-
-    argv
-  end
-  private :parse_in_order
-
-  #
-  # Parses command line arguments +argv+ in permutation mode and returns
-  # list of non-option arguments. When optional +into+ keyword
-  # argument is provided, the parsed option values are stored there via
-  # <code>[]=</code> method (so it can be Hash, or OpenStruct, or other
-  # similar object).
-  #
-  def permute(*argv, into: nil)
-    argv = argv[0].dup if argv.size == 1 and Array === argv[0]
-    permute!(argv, into: into)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Same as #permute, but removes switches destructively.
-  # Non-option arguments remain in +argv+.
-  #
-  def permute!(argv = default_argv, into: nil)
-    nonopts = []
-    order!(argv, into: into, &nonopts.method(:<<))
-    argv[0, 0] = nonopts
-    argv
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Parses command line arguments +argv+ in order when environment variable
-  # POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, and in permutation mode otherwise.
-  # When optional +into+ keyword argument is provided, the parsed option
-  # values are stored there via <code>[]=</code> method (so it can be Hash,
-  # or OpenStruct, or other similar object).
-  #
-  def parse(*argv, into: nil)
-    argv = argv[0].dup if argv.size == 1 and Array === argv[0]
-    parse!(argv, into: into)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Same as #parse, but removes switches destructively.
-  # Non-option arguments remain in +argv+.
-  #
-  def parse!(argv = default_argv, into: nil)
-    if ENV.include?('POSIXLY_CORRECT')
-      order!(argv, into: into)
-    else
-      permute!(argv, into: into)
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Wrapper method for getopts.rb.
-  #
-  #   params = ARGV.getopts("ab:", "foo", "bar:", "zot:Z;zot option")
-  #   # params["a"] = true   # -a
-  #   # params["b"] = "1"    # -b1
-  #   # params["foo"] = "1"  # --foo
-  #   # params["bar"] = "x"  # --bar x
-  #   # params["zot"] = "z"  # --zot Z
-  #
-  def getopts(*args)
-    argv = Array === args.first ? args.shift : default_argv
-    single_options, *long_options = *args
-
-    result = {}
-
-    single_options.scan(/(.)(:)?/) do |opt, val|
-      if val
-        result[opt] = nil
-        define("-#{opt} VAL")
-      else
-        result[opt] = false
-        define("-#{opt}")
-      end
-    end if single_options
-
-    long_options.each do |arg|
-      arg, desc = arg.split(';', 2)
-      opt, val = arg.split(':', 2)
-      if val
-        result[opt] = val.empty? ? nil : val
-        define("--#{opt}=#{result[opt] || "VAL"}", *[desc].compact)
-      else
-        result[opt] = false
-        define("--#{opt}", *[desc].compact)
-      end
-    end
-
-    parse_in_order(argv, result.method(:[]=))
-    result
-  end
-
-  #
-  # See #getopts.
-  #
-  def self.getopts(*args)
-    new.getopts(*args)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Traverses @stack, sending each element method +id+ with +args+ and
-  # +block+.
-  #
-  def visit(id, *args, &block) # :nodoc:
-    @stack.reverse_each do |el|
-      el.__send__(id, *args, &block)
-    end
-    nil
-  end
-  private :visit
-
-  #
-  # Searches +key+ in @stack for +id+ hash and returns or yields the result.
-  #
-  def search(id, key) # :nodoc:
-    block_given = block_given?
-    visit(:search, id, key) do |k|
-      return block_given ? yield(k) : k
-    end
-  end
-  private :search
-
-  #
-  # Completes shortened long style option switch and returns pair of
-  # canonical switch and switch descriptor Gem::OptionParser::Switch.
-  #
-  # +typ+::   Searching table.
-  # +opt+::   Searching key.
-  # +icase+:: Search case insensitive if true.
-  # +pat+::   Optional pattern for completion.
-  #
-  def complete(typ, opt, icase = false, *pat) # :nodoc:
-    if pat.empty?
-      search(typ, opt) {|sw| return [sw, opt]} # exact match or...
-    end
-    ambiguous = catch(:ambiguous) {
-      visit(:complete, typ, opt, icase, *pat) {|o, *sw| return sw}
-    }
-    exc = ambiguous ? AmbiguousOption : InvalidOption
-    raise exc.new(opt, additional: self.method(:additional_message).curry[typ])
-  end
-  private :complete
-
-  #
-  # Returns additional info.
-  #
-  def additional_message(typ, opt)
-    return unless typ and opt and defined?(DidYouMean::SpellChecker)
-    all_candidates = []
-    visit(:get_candidates, typ) do |candidates|
-      all_candidates.concat(candidates)
-    end
-    all_candidates.select! {|cand| cand.is_a?(String) }
-    checker = DidYouMean::SpellChecker.new(dictionary: all_candidates)
-    suggestions = all_candidates & checker.correct(opt)
-    if DidYouMean.respond_to?(:formatter)
-      DidYouMean.formatter.message_for(suggestions)
-    else
-       "\nDid you mean?  #{suggestions.join("\n               ")}"
-    end
-  end
-
-  def candidate(word)
-    list = []
-    case word
-    when '-'
-      long = short = true
-    when /\A--/
-      word, arg = word.split(/=/, 2)
-      argpat = Completion.regexp(arg, false) if arg and !arg.empty?
-      long = true
-    when /\A-/
-      short = true
-    end
-    pat = Completion.regexp(word, long)
-    visit(:each_option) do |opt|
-      next unless Switch === opt
-      opts = (long ? opt.long : []) + (short ? opt.short : [])
-      opts = Completion.candidate(word, true, pat, &opts.method(:each)).map(&:first) if pat
-      if /\A=/ =~ opt.arg
-        opts.map! {|sw| sw + "="}
-        if arg and CompletingHash === opt.pattern
-          if opts = opt.pattern.candidate(arg, false, argpat)
-            opts.map!(&:last)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      list.concat(opts)
-    end
-    list
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Loads options from file names as +filename+. Does nothing when the file
-  # is not present. Returns whether successfully loaded.
-  #
-  # +filename+ defaults to basename of the program without suffix in a
-  # directory ~/.options, then the basename with '.options' suffix
-  # under XDG and Haiku standard places.
-  #
-  def load(filename = nil)
-    unless filename
-      basename = File.basename($0, '.*')
-      return true if load(File.expand_path(basename, '~/.options')) rescue nil
-      basename << ".options"
-      return [
-        # XDG
-        ENV['XDG_CONFIG_HOME'],
-        '~/.config',
-        *ENV['XDG_CONFIG_DIRS']&.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR),
-
-        # Haiku
-        '~/config/settings',
-      ].any? {|dir|
-        next if !dir or dir.empty?
-        load(File.expand_path(basename, dir)) rescue nil
-      }
-    end
-    begin
-      parse(*IO.readlines(filename).each {|s| s.chomp!})
-      true
-    rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ENOTDIR
-      false
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Parses environment variable +env+ or its uppercase with splitting like a
-  # shell.
-  #
-  # +env+ defaults to the basename of the program.
-  #
-  def environment(env = File.basename($0, '.*'))
-    env = ENV[env] || ENV[env.upcase] or return
-    require 'shellwords'
-    parse(*Shellwords.shellwords(env))
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Acceptable argument classes
-  #
-
-  #
-  # Any string and no conversion. This is fall-back.
-  #
-  accept(Object) {|s,|s or s.nil?}
-
-  accept(NilClass) {|s,|s}
-
-  #
-  # Any non-empty string, and no conversion.
-  #
-  accept(String, /.+/m) {|s,*|s}
-
-  #
-  # Ruby/C-like integer, octal for 0-7 sequence, binary for 0b, hexadecimal
-  # for 0x, and decimal for others; with optional sign prefix. Converts to
-  # Integer.
-  #
-  decimal = '\d+(?:_\d+)*'
-  binary = 'b[01]+(?:_[01]+)*'
-  hex = 'x[\da-f]+(?:_[\da-f]+)*'
-  octal = "0(?:[0-7]+(?:_[0-7]+)*|#{binary}|#{hex})?"
-  integer = "#{octal}|#{decimal}"
-
-  accept(Integer, %r"\A[-+]?(?:#{integer})\z"io) {|s,|
-    begin
-      Integer(s)
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, s
-    end if s
-  }
-
-  #
-  # Float number format, and converts to Float.
-  #
-  float = "(?:#{decimal}(?=(.)?)(?:\\.(?:#{decimal})?)?|\\.#{decimal})(?:E[-+]?#{decimal})?"
-  floatpat = %r"\A[-+]?#{float}\z"io
-  accept(Float, floatpat) {|s,| s.to_f if s}
-
-  #
-  # Generic numeric format, converts to Integer for integer format, Float
-  # for float format, and Rational for rational format.
-  #
-  real = "[-+]?(?:#{octal}|#{float})"
-  accept(Numeric, /\A(#{real})(?:\/(#{real}))?\z/io) {|s, d, f, n,|
-    if n
-      Rational(d, n)
-    elsif f
-      Float(s)
-    else
-      Integer(s)
-    end
-  }
-
-  #
-  # Decimal integer format, to be converted to Integer.
-  #
-  DecimalInteger = /\A[-+]?#{decimal}\z/io
-  accept(DecimalInteger, DecimalInteger) {|s,|
-    begin
-      Integer(s, 10)
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, s
-    end if s
-  }
-
-  #
-  # Ruby/C like octal/hexadecimal/binary integer format, to be converted to
-  # Integer.
-  #
-  OctalInteger = /\A[-+]?(?:[0-7]+(?:_[0-7]+)*|0(?:#{binary}|#{hex}))\z/io
-  accept(OctalInteger, OctalInteger) {|s,|
-    begin
-      Integer(s, 8)
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, s
-    end if s
-  }
-
-  #
-  # Decimal integer/float number format, to be converted to Integer for
-  # integer format, Float for float format.
-  #
-  DecimalNumeric = floatpat     # decimal integer is allowed as float also.
-  accept(DecimalNumeric, floatpat) {|s, f|
-    begin
-      if f
-        Float(s)
-      else
-        Integer(s)
-      end
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, s
-    end if s
-  }
-
-  #
-  # Boolean switch, which means whether it is present or not, whether it is
-  # absent or not with prefix no-, or it takes an argument
-  # yes/no/true/false/+/-.
-  #
-  yesno = CompletingHash.new
-  %w[- no false].each {|el| yesno[el] = false}
-  %w[+ yes true].each {|el| yesno[el] = true}
-  yesno['nil'] = false          # should be nil?
-  accept(TrueClass, yesno) {|arg, val| val == nil or val}
-  #
-  # Similar to TrueClass, but defaults to false.
-  #
-  accept(FalseClass, yesno) {|arg, val| val != nil and val}
-
-  #
-  # List of strings separated by ",".
-  #
-  accept(Array) do |s, |
-    if s
-      s = s.split(',').collect {|ss| ss unless ss.empty?}
-    end
-    s
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Regular expression with options.
-  #
-  accept(Regexp, %r"\A/((?:\\.|[^\\])*)/([[:alpha:]]+)?\z|.*") do |all, s, o|
-    f = 0
-    if o
-      f |= Regexp::IGNORECASE if /i/ =~ o
-      f |= Regexp::MULTILINE if /m/ =~ o
-      f |= Regexp::EXTENDED if /x/ =~ o
-      k = o.delete("imx")
-      k = nil if k.empty?
-    end
-    Regexp.new(s || all, f, k)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Exceptions
-  #
-
-  #
-  # Base class of exceptions from Gem::OptionParser.
-  #
-  class ParseError < RuntimeError
-    # Reason which caused the error.
-    Reason = 'parse error'
-
-    def initialize(*args, additional: nil)
-      @additional = additional
-      @arg0, = args
-      @args = args
-      @reason = nil
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :args
-    attr_writer :reason
-    attr_accessor :additional
-
-    #
-    # Pushes back erred argument(s) to +argv+.
-    #
-    def recover(argv)
-      argv[0, 0] = @args
-      argv
-    end
-
-    def self.filter_backtrace(array)
-      unless $DEBUG
-        array.delete_if(&%r"\A#{Regexp.quote(__FILE__)}:"o.method(:=~))
-      end
-      array
-    end
-
-    def set_backtrace(array)
-      super(self.class.filter_backtrace(array))
-    end
-
-    def set_option(opt, eq)
-      if eq
-        @args[0] = opt
-      else
-        @args.unshift(opt)
-      end
-      self
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Returns error reason. Override this for I18N.
-    #
-    def reason
-      @reason || self.class::Reason
-    end
-
-    def inspect
-      "#<#{self.class}: #{args.join(' ')}>"
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Default stringizing method to emit standard error message.
-    #
-    def message
-      "#{reason}: #{args.join(' ')}#{additional[@arg0] if additional}"
-    end
-
-    alias to_s message
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Raises when ambiguously completable string is encountered.
-  #
-  class AmbiguousOption < ParseError
-    const_set(:Reason, 'ambiguous option')
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Raises when there is an argument for a switch which takes no argument.
-  #
-  class NeedlessArgument < ParseError
-    const_set(:Reason, 'needless argument')
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Raises when a switch with mandatory argument has no argument.
-  #
-  class MissingArgument < ParseError
-    const_set(:Reason, 'missing argument')
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Raises when switch is undefined.
-  #
-  class InvalidOption < ParseError
-    const_set(:Reason, 'invalid option')
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Raises when the given argument does not match required format.
-  #
-  class InvalidArgument < ParseError
-    const_set(:Reason, 'invalid argument')
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Raises when the given argument word can't be completed uniquely.
-  #
-  class AmbiguousArgument < InvalidArgument
-    const_set(:Reason, 'ambiguous argument')
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Miscellaneous
-  #
-
-  #
-  # Extends command line arguments array (ARGV) to parse itself.
-  #
-  module Arguable
-
-    #
-    # Sets Gem::OptionParser object, when +opt+ is +false+ or +nil+, methods
-    # Gem::OptionParser::Arguable#options and Gem::OptionParser::Arguable#options= are
-    # undefined. Thus, there is no ways to access the Gem::OptionParser object
-    # via the receiver object.
-    #
-    def options=(opt)
-      unless @optparse = opt
-        class << self
-          undef_method(:options)
-          undef_method(:options=)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Actual Gem::OptionParser object, automatically created if nonexistent.
-    #
-    # If called with a block, yields the Gem::OptionParser object and returns the
-    # result of the block. If an Gem::OptionParser::ParseError exception occurs
-    # in the block, it is rescued, a error message printed to STDERR and
-    # +nil+ returned.
-    #
-    def options
-      @optparse ||= Gem::OptionParser.new
-      @optparse.default_argv = self
-      block_given? or return @optparse
-      begin
-        yield @optparse
-      rescue ParseError
-        @optparse.warn $!
-        nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Parses +self+ destructively in order and returns +self+ containing the
-    # rest arguments left unparsed.
-    #
-    def order!(&blk) options.order!(self, &blk) end
-
-    #
-    # Parses +self+ destructively in permutation mode and returns +self+
-    # containing the rest arguments left unparsed.
-    #
-    def permute!() options.permute!(self) end
-
-    #
-    # Parses +self+ destructively and returns +self+ containing the
-    # rest arguments left unparsed.
-    #
-    def parse!() options.parse!(self) end
-
-    #
-    # Substitution of getopts is possible as follows. Also see
-    # Gem::OptionParser#getopts.
-    #
-    #   def getopts(*args)
-    #     ($OPT = ARGV.getopts(*args)).each do |opt, val|
-    #       eval "$OPT_#{opt.gsub(/[^A-Za-z0-9_]/, '_')} = val"
-    #     end
-    #   rescue Gem::OptionParser::ParseError
-    #   end
-    #
-    def getopts(*args)
-      options.getopts(self, *args)
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Initializes instance variable.
-    #
-    def self.extend_object(obj)
-      super
-      obj.instance_eval {@optparse = nil}
-    end
-    def initialize(*args)
-      super
-      @optparse = nil
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Acceptable argument classes. Now contains DecimalInteger, OctalInteger
-  # and DecimalNumeric. See Acceptable argument classes (in source code).
-  #
-  module Acceptables
-    const_set(:DecimalInteger, Gem::OptionParser::DecimalInteger)
-    const_set(:OctalInteger, Gem::OptionParser::OctalInteger)
-    const_set(:DecimalNumeric, Gem::OptionParser::DecimalNumeric)
-  end
-end
-
-# ARGV is arguable by Gem::OptionParser
-ARGV.extend(Gem::OptionParser::Arguable)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse/uri.rb b/lib/rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse/uri.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 664d7f2af4..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/optparse/lib/optparse/uri.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-# -*- ruby -*-
-
-require_relative '../optparse'
-require 'uri'
-
-Gem::OptionParser.accept(URI) {|s,| URI.parse(s) if s}
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package.rb b/lib/rubygems/package.rb
index 084dc5d2d9..1d5d764237 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-#--
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/AsciiComments
+
 # Copyright (C) 2004 Mauricio Julio Fernández Pradier
 # See LICENSE.txt for additional licensing information.
-#++
+
+# rubocop:enable Style/AsciiComments
 
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 require_relative "security"
@@ -56,9 +59,9 @@ class Gem::Package
 
     def initialize(message, source = nil)
       if source
-        @path = source.path
+        @path = source.is_a?(String) ? source : source.path
 
-        message = message + " in #{path}" if path
+        message += " in #{path}" if path
       end
 
       super message
@@ -67,15 +70,13 @@ class Gem::Package
 
   class PathError < Error
     def initialize(destination, destination_dir)
-      super "installing into parent path %s of %s is not allowed" %
-        [destination, destination_dir]
+      super format("installing into parent path %s of %s is not allowed", destination, destination_dir)
     end
   end
 
   class SymlinkError < Error
     def initialize(name, destination, destination_dir)
-      super "installing symlink '%s' pointing to parent path %s of %s is not allowed" %
-        [name, destination, destination_dir]
+      super format("installing symlink '%s' pointing to parent path %s of %s is not allowed", name, destination, destination_dir)
     end
   end
 
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ class Gem::Package
       Gem::Package::FileSource.new gem
     end
 
-    return super unless Gem::Package == self
+    return super unless self == Gem::Package
     return super unless gem.present?
 
     return super unless gem.start
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ class Gem::Package
       end
     end
 
-    return spec, metadata
+    [spec, metadata]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ class Gem::Package
       end
     end
 
-    tar.add_file_signed "checksums.yaml.gz", 0444, @signer do |io|
+    tar.add_file_signed "checksums.yaml.gz", 0o444, @signer do |io|
       gzip_to io do |gz_io|
         Psych.dump checksums_by_algorithm, gz_io
       end
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ class Gem::Package
   # and adds this file to the +tar+.
 
   def add_contents(tar) # :nodoc:
-    digests = tar.add_file_signed "data.tar.gz", 0444, @signer do |io|
+    digests = tar.add_file_signed "data.tar.gz", 0o444, @signer do |io|
       gzip_to io do |gz_io|
         Gem::Package::TarWriter.new gz_io do |data_tar|
           add_files data_tar
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@ class Gem::Package
 
       tar.add_file_simple file, stat.mode, stat.size do |dst_io|
         File.open file, "rb" do |src_io|
-          dst_io.write src_io.read 16384 until src_io.eof?
+          copy_stream(src_io, dst_io)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ class Gem::Package
   # Adds the package's Gem::Specification to the +tar+ file
 
   def add_metadata(tar) # :nodoc:
-    digests = tar.add_file_signed "metadata.gz", 0444, @signer do |io|
+    digests = tar.add_file_signed "metadata.gz", 0o444, @signer do |io|
       gzip_to io do |gz_io|
         gz_io.write @spec.to_yaml
       end
@@ -346,6 +347,8 @@ EOM
         return @contents
       end
     end
+  rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error, EOFError, Gem::Package::TarInvalidError => e
+    raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new e.message, @gem
   end
 
   ##
@@ -354,18 +357,21 @@ EOM
 
   def digest(entry) # :nodoc:
     algorithms = if @checksums
-      @checksums.keys
-    else
-      [Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME].compact
+      @checksums.to_h {|algorithm, _| [algorithm, Gem::Security.create_digest(algorithm)] }
+    elsif Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME
+      { Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME => Gem::Security.create_digest(Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME) }
     end
 
-    algorithms.each do |algorithm|
-      digester = Gem::Security.create_digest(algorithm)
-
-      digester << entry.read(16384) until entry.eof?
+    return @digests if algorithms.nil? || algorithms.empty?
 
-      entry.rewind
+    buf = String.new(capacity: 16_384, encoding: Encoding::BINARY)
+    until entry.eof?
+      entry.readpartial(16_384, buf)
+      algorithms.each_value {|digester| digester << buf }
+    end
+    entry.rewind
 
+    algorithms.each do |algorithm, digester|
       @digests[algorithm][entry.full_name] = digester
     end
 
@@ -381,7 +387,7 @@ EOM
   def extract_files(destination_dir, pattern = "*")
     verify unless @spec
 
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p destination_dir, :mode => dir_mode && 0755
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p destination_dir, mode: dir_mode && 0o755
 
     @gem.with_read_io do |io|
       reader = Gem::Package::TarReader.new io
@@ -391,9 +397,11 @@ EOM
 
         extract_tar_gz entry, destination_dir, pattern
 
-        return # ignore further entries
+        break # ignore further entries
       end
     end
+  rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error, EOFError, Gem::Package::TarInvalidError => e
+    raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new e.message, @gem
   end
 
   ##
@@ -408,6 +416,8 @@ EOM
   # extracted.
 
   def extract_tar_gz(io, destination_dir, pattern = "*") # :nodoc:
+    destination_dir = File.realpath(destination_dir)
+
     directories = []
     symlinks = []
 
@@ -430,8 +440,6 @@ EOM
 
         FileUtils.rm_rf destination
 
-        mkdir_options = {}
-        mkdir_options[:mode] = dir_mode ? 0755 : (entry.header.mode if entry.directory?)
         mkdir =
           if entry.directory?
             destination
@@ -440,14 +448,14 @@ EOM
           end
 
         unless directories.include?(mkdir)
-          FileUtils.mkdir_p mkdir, **mkdir_options
+          FileUtils.mkdir_p mkdir, mode: dir_mode ? 0o755 : (entry.header.mode if entry.directory?)
           directories << mkdir
         end
 
-        File.open destination, "wb" do |out|
-          out.write entry.read
-          FileUtils.chmod file_mode(entry.header.mode), destination
-        end if entry.file?
+        if entry.file?
+          File.open(destination, "wb") {|out| copy_stream(entry, out) }
+          FileUtils.chmod file_mode(entry.header.mode) & ~File.umask, destination
+        end
 
         verbose destination
       end
@@ -467,7 +475,12 @@ EOM
   end
 
   def file_mode(mode) # :nodoc:
-    ((mode & 0111).zero? ? data_mode : prog_mode) || mode
+    ((mode & 0o111).zero? ? data_mode : prog_mode) ||
+      # If we're not using one of the default modes, then we're going to fall
+      # back to the mode from the tarball. In this case we need to mask it down
+      # to fit into 2^16 bits (the maximum value for a mode in CRuby since it
+      # gets put into an unsigned short).
+      (mode & ((1 << 16) - 1))
   end
 
   ##
@@ -500,7 +513,6 @@ EOM
     raise Gem::Package::PathError.new(destination, destination_dir) unless
       normalize_path(destination).start_with? normalize_path(destination_dir + "/")
 
-    destination.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
     destination
   end
 
@@ -566,10 +578,10 @@ EOM
         )
 
       @spec.signing_key = nil
-      @spec.cert_chain = @signer.cert_chain.map {|cert| cert.to_s }
+      @spec.cert_chain = @signer.cert_chain.map(&:to_s)
     else
       @signer = Gem::Security::Signer.new nil, nil, passphrase
-      @spec.cert_chain = @signer.cert_chain.map {|cert| cert.to_pem } if
+      @spec.cert_chain = @signer.cert_chain.map(&:to_pem) if
         @signer.cert_chain
     end
   end
@@ -611,8 +623,7 @@ EOM
 
     verify_checksums @digests, @checksums
 
-    @security_policy.verify_signatures @spec, @digests, @signatures if
-      @security_policy
+    @security_policy&.verify_signatures @spec, @digests, @signatures
 
     true
   rescue Gem::Security::Exception
@@ -621,7 +632,7 @@ EOM
     raise
   rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
     raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new e.message
-  rescue Gem::Package::TarInvalidError => e
+  rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error, EOFError, Gem::Package::TarInvalidError => e
     raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new e.message, @gem
   end
 
@@ -665,7 +676,7 @@ EOM
     when "data.tar.gz" then
       verify_gz entry
     end
-  rescue
+  rescue StandardError
     warn "Exception while verifying #{@gem.path}"
     raise
   end
@@ -684,11 +695,11 @@ EOM
 
     unless @files.include? "data.tar.gz"
       raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new \
-              "package content (data.tar.gz) is missing", @gem
+        "package content (data.tar.gz) is missing", @gem
     end
 
-    if (duplicates = @files.group_by {|f| f }.select {|k,v| v.size > 1 }.map(&:first)) && duplicates.any?
-      raise Gem::Security::Exception, "duplicate files in the package: (#{duplicates.map(&:inspect).join(', ')})"
+    if (duplicates = @files.group_by {|f| f }.select {|_k,v| v.size > 1 }.map(&:first)) && duplicates.any?
+      raise Gem::Security::Exception, "duplicate files in the package: (#{duplicates.map(&:inspect).join(", ")})"
     end
   end
 
@@ -697,11 +708,22 @@ EOM
 
   def verify_gz(entry) # :nodoc:
     Zlib::GzipReader.wrap entry do |gzio|
-      gzio.read 16384 until gzio.eof? # gzip checksum verification
+      # TODO: read into a buffer once zlib supports it
+      gzio.read 16_384 until gzio.eof? # gzip checksum verification
     end
   rescue Zlib::GzipFile::Error => e
     raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new(e.message, entry.full_name)
   end
+
+  if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
+    def copy_stream(src, dst) # :nodoc:
+      dst.write src.read
+    end
+  else
+    def copy_stream(src, dst) # :nodoc:
+      IO.copy_stream(src, dst)
+    end
+  end
 end
 
 require_relative "package/digest_io"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/digest_io.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/digest_io.rb
index 4736f76d93..f04ab97462 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/digest_io.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/digest_io.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # IO wrapper that creates digests of contents written to the IO it wraps.
 
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ class Gem::Package::DigestIO
 
     yield digest_io
 
-    return digests
+    digests
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/file_source.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/file_source.rb
index 14c7a9f6d2..d9717e0f2a 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/file_source.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/file_source.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The primary source of gems is a file on disk, including all usages
 # internal to rubygems.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/io_source.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/io_source.rb
index 03d7714524..227835dfce 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/io_source.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/io_source.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Supports reading and writing gems from/to a generic IO object.  This is
 # useful for other applications built on top of rubygems, such as
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/old.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/old.rb
index 09a02d3ecd..1a13ac3e29 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/old.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/old.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ class Gem::Package::Old < Gem::Package
           file_data << line
         end
 
-        file_data = file_data.strip.unpack("m")[0]
+        file_data = file_data.strip.unpack1("m")
         file_data = Zlib::Inflate.inflate file_data
 
         raise Gem::Package::FormatError, "#{full_name} in #{@gem} is corrupt" if
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ class Gem::Package::Old < Gem::Package
 
         FileUtils.rm_rf destination
 
-        FileUtils.mkdir_p File.dirname(destination), :mode => dir_mode && 0755
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p File.dirname(destination), mode: dir_mode && 0o755
 
         File.open destination, "wb", file_mode(entry["mode"]) do |out|
           out.write file_data
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/source.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/source.rb
index 69701e55e9..8c44f8c305 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/source.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/source.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Gem::Package::Source # :nodoc:
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_header.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_header.rb
index ee515a9e05..087f13f6c9 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_header.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_header.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-#--
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/AsciiComments
+
 # Copyright (C) 2004 Mauricio Julio Fernández Pradier
 # See LICENSE.txt for additional licensing information.
-#++
+
+# rubocop:enable Style/AsciiComments
 
 ##
 #--
@@ -99,32 +102,33 @@ class Gem::Package::TarHeader
 
   def self.from(stream)
     header = stream.read 512
-    empty = (EMPTY_HEADER == header)
+    empty = (header == EMPTY_HEADER)
 
     fields = header.unpack UNPACK_FORMAT
 
-    new :name     => fields.shift,
-        :mode     => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :uid      => oct_or_256based(fields.shift),
-        :gid      => oct_or_256based(fields.shift),
-        :size     => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :mtime    => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :checksum => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :typeflag => fields.shift,
-        :linkname => fields.shift,
-        :magic    => fields.shift,
-        :version  => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :uname    => fields.shift,
-        :gname    => fields.shift,
-        :devmajor => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :devminor => strict_oct(fields.shift),
-        :prefix   => fields.shift,
-
-        :empty => empty
+    new name: fields.shift,
+        mode: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        uid: oct_or_256based(fields.shift),
+        gid: oct_or_256based(fields.shift),
+        size: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        mtime: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        checksum: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        typeflag: fields.shift,
+        linkname: fields.shift,
+        magic: fields.shift,
+        version: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        uname: fields.shift,
+        gname: fields.shift,
+        devmajor: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        devminor: strict_oct(fields.shift),
+        prefix: fields.shift,
+
+        empty: empty
   end
 
   def self.strict_oct(str)
-    return str.strip.oct if str.strip =~ /\A[0-7]*\z/
+    str.strip!
+    return str.oct if /\A[0-7]*\z/.match?(str)
 
     raise ArgumentError, "#{str.inspect} is not an octal string"
   end
@@ -134,7 +138,8 @@ class Gem::Package::TarHeader
     # \ff flags a negative 256-based number
     # In case we have a match, parse it as a signed binary value
     # in big-endian order, except that the high-order bit is ignored.
-    return str.unpack("N2").last if str =~ /\A[\x80\xff]/n
+
+    return str.unpack1("@4N") if /\A[\x80\xff]/n.match?(str)
     strict_oct(str)
   end
 
@@ -146,21 +151,23 @@ class Gem::Package::TarHeader
       raise ArgumentError, ":name, :size, :prefix and :mode required"
     end
 
-    vals[:uid] ||= 0
-    vals[:gid] ||= 0
-    vals[:mtime] ||= 0
-    vals[:checksum] ||= ""
-    vals[:typeflag] = "0" if vals[:typeflag].nil? || vals[:typeflag].empty?
-    vals[:magic] ||= "ustar"
-    vals[:version] ||= "00"
-    vals[:uname] ||= "wheel"
-    vals[:gname] ||= "wheel"
-    vals[:devmajor] ||= 0
-    vals[:devminor] ||= 0
-
-    FIELDS.each do |name|
-      instance_variable_set "@#{name}", vals[name]
-    end
+    @checksum = vals[:checksum] || ""
+    @devmajor = vals[:devmajor] || 0
+    @devminor = vals[:devminor] || 0
+    @gid = vals[:gid] || 0
+    @gname = vals[:gname] || "wheel"
+    @linkname = vals[:linkname]
+    @magic = vals[:magic] || "ustar"
+    @mode = vals[:mode]
+    @mtime = vals[:mtime] || 0
+    @name = vals[:name]
+    @prefix = vals[:prefix]
+    @size = vals[:size]
+    @typeflag = vals[:typeflag]
+    @typeflag = "0" if @typeflag.nil? || @typeflag.empty?
+    @uid = vals[:uid] || 0
+    @uname = vals[:uname] || "wheel"
+    @version = vals[:version] || "00"
 
     @empty = vals[:empty]
   end
@@ -208,7 +215,7 @@ class Gem::Package::TarHeader
   private
 
   def calculate_checksum(header)
-    header.unpack("C*").inject {|a, b| a + b }
+    header.sum(0)
   end
 
   def header(checksum = @checksum)
@@ -238,6 +245,6 @@ class Gem::Package::TarHeader
   end
 
   def oct(num, len)
-    "%0#{len}o" % num
+    format("%0#{len}o", num)
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader.rb
index cdc3fdc015..25f9b2f945 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-#--
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/AsciiComments
+
 # Copyright (C) 2004 Mauricio Julio Fernández Pradier
 # See LICENSE.txt for additional licensing information.
-#++
+
+# rubocop:enable Style/AsciiComments
 
 ##
 # TarReader reads tar files and allows iteration over their items
@@ -11,11 +14,6 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader
   include Enumerable
 
   ##
-  # Raised if the tar IO is not seekable
-
-  class UnexpectedEOF < StandardError; end
-
-  ##
   # Creates a new TarReader on +io+ and yields it to the block, if given.
 
   def self.new(io)
@@ -53,44 +51,23 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader
   def each
     return enum_for __method__ unless block_given?
 
-    use_seek = @io.respond_to?(:seek)
-
     until @io.eof? do
-      header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.from @io
-      return if header.empty?
+      begin
+        header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.from @io
+      rescue ArgumentError => e
+        # Specialize only exceptions from Gem::Package::TarHeader.strict_oct
+        raise e unless e.message.match?(/ is not an octal string$/)
+        raise Gem::Package::TarInvalidError, e.message
+      end
 
+      return if header.empty?
       entry = Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry.new header, @io
-      size = entry.header.size
-
       yield entry
-
-      skip = (512 - (size % 512)) % 512
-      pending = size - entry.bytes_read
-
-      if use_seek
-        begin
-          # avoid reading if the @io supports seeking
-          @io.seek pending, IO::SEEK_CUR
-          pending = 0
-        rescue Errno::EINVAL
-        end
-      end
-
-      # if seeking isn't supported or failed
-      while pending > 0 do
-        bytes_read = @io.read([pending, 4096].min).size
-        raise UnexpectedEOF if @io.eof?
-        pending -= bytes_read
-      end
-
-      @io.read skip # discard trailing zeros
-
-      # make sure nobody can use #read, #getc or #rewind anymore
       entry.close
     end
   end
 
-  alias each_entry each
+  alias_method :each_entry, :each
 
   ##
   # NOTE: Do not call #rewind during #each
@@ -115,7 +92,7 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader
 
     return unless found
 
-    return yield found
+    yield found
   ensure
     rewind
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader/entry.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader/entry.rb
index 8634381c18..5e9d9af5c6 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader/entry.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_reader/entry.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,31 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-#++
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/AsciiComments
+
 # Copyright (C) 2004 Mauricio Julio Fernández Pradier
 # See LICENSE.txt for additional licensing information.
-#--
+
+# rubocop:enable Style/AsciiComments
 
 ##
 # Class for reading entries out of a tar file
 
 class Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
   ##
+  # Creates a new tar entry for +header+ that will be read from +io+
+  # If a block is given, the entry is yielded and then closed.
+
+  def self.open(header, io, &block)
+    entry = new header, io
+    return entry unless block_given?
+    begin
+      yield entry
+    ensure
+      entry.close
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
   # Header for this tar entry
 
   attr_reader :header
@@ -21,6 +38,7 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
     @header = header
     @io = io
     @orig_pos = @io.pos
+    @end_pos = @orig_pos + @header.size
     @read = 0
   end
 
@@ -39,7 +57,14 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
   # Closes the tar entry
 
   def close
+    return if closed?
+    # Seek to the end of the entry if it wasn't fully read
+    seek(0, IO::SEEK_END)
+    # discard trailing zeros
+    skip = (512 - (@header.size % 512)) % 512
+    @io.read(skip)
     @closed = true
+    nil
   end
 
   ##
@@ -77,9 +102,7 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
   # Read one byte from the tar entry
 
   def getc
-    check_closed
-
-    return nil if @read >= @header.size
+    return nil if eof?
 
     ret = @io.getc
     @read += 1 if ret
@@ -117,36 +140,43 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
     bytes_read
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Seek to the position in the tar entry
+
+  def pos=(new_pos)
+    seek(new_pos, IO::SEEK_SET)
+  end
+
   def size
     @header.size
   end
 
-  alias length size
+  alias_method :length, :size
 
   ##
-  # Reads +len+ bytes from the tar file entry, or the rest of the entry if
-  # nil
-
-  def read(len = nil)
-    check_closed
+  # Reads +maxlen+ bytes from the tar file entry, or the rest of the entry if nil
 
-    return nil if @read >= @header.size
+  def read(maxlen = nil)
+    if eof?
+      return maxlen.to_i.zero? ? "" : nil
+    end
 
-    len ||= @header.size - @read
-    max_read = [len, @header.size - @read].min
+    max_read = [maxlen, @header.size - @read].compact.min
 
     ret = @io.read max_read
+    if ret.nil?
+      return maxlen ? nil : "" # IO.read returns nil on EOF with len argument
+    end
     @read += ret.size
 
     ret
   end
 
-  def readpartial(maxlen = nil, outbuf = "".b)
-    check_closed
-
-    raise EOFError if @read >= @header.size
+  def readpartial(maxlen, outbuf = "".b)
+    if eof? && maxlen > 0
+      raise EOFError, "end of file reached"
+    end
 
-    maxlen ||= @header.size - @read
     max_read = [maxlen, @header.size - @read].min
 
     @io.readpartial(max_read, outbuf)
@@ -156,12 +186,63 @@ class Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
   end
 
   ##
+  # Seeks to +offset+ bytes into the tar file entry
+  # +whence+ can be IO::SEEK_SET, IO::SEEK_CUR, or IO::SEEK_END
+
+  def seek(offset, whence = IO::SEEK_SET)
+    check_closed
+
+    new_pos =
+      case whence
+      when IO::SEEK_SET then @orig_pos + offset
+      when IO::SEEK_CUR then @io.pos + offset
+      when IO::SEEK_END then @end_pos + offset
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError, "invalid whence"
+      end
+
+    if new_pos < @orig_pos
+      new_pos = @orig_pos
+    elsif new_pos > @end_pos
+      new_pos = @end_pos
+    end
+
+    pending = new_pos - @io.pos
+
+    return 0 if pending == 0
+
+    if @io.respond_to?(:seek)
+      begin
+        # avoid reading if the @io supports seeking
+        @io.seek new_pos, IO::SEEK_SET
+        pending = 0
+      rescue Errno::EINVAL
+      end
+    end
+
+    # if seeking isn't supported or failed
+    # negative seek requires that we rewind and read
+    if pending < 0
+      @io.rewind
+      pending = new_pos
+    end
+
+    while pending > 0 do
+      size_read = @io.read([pending, 4096].min)&.size
+      raise(EOFError, "end of file reached") if size_read.nil?
+      pending -= size_read
+    end
+
+    @read = @io.pos - @orig_pos
+
+    0
+  end
+
+  ##
   # Rewinds to the beginning of the tar file entry
 
   def rewind
     check_closed
-
-    @io.pos = @orig_pos
-    @read = 0
+    seek(0, IO::SEEK_SET)
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_writer.rb b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_writer.rb
index db5242c5e4..b24bdb63e7 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package/tar_writer.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package/tar_writer.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-#--
+
+# rubocop:disable Style/AsciiComments
+
 # Copyright (C) 2004 Mauricio Julio Fernández Pradier
 # See LICENSE.txt for additional licensing information.
-#++
+
+# rubocop:enable Style/AsciiComments
 
 ##
 # Allows writing of tar files
@@ -113,9 +116,9 @@ class Gem::Package::TarWriter
     final_pos = @io.pos
     @io.pos = init_pos
 
-    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new :name => name, :mode => mode,
-                                         :size => size, :prefix => prefix,
-                                         :mtime => Gem.source_date_epoch
+    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new name: name, mode: mode,
+                                         size: size, prefix: prefix,
+                                         mtime: Gem.source_date_epoch
 
     @io.write header
     @io.pos = final_pos
@@ -189,7 +192,7 @@ class Gem::Package::TarWriter
     if signer.key
       signature = signer.sign signature_digest.digest
 
-      add_file_simple "#{name}.sig", 0444, signature.length do |io|
+      add_file_simple "#{name}.sig", 0o444, signature.length do |io|
         io.write signature
       end
     end
@@ -206,9 +209,9 @@ class Gem::Package::TarWriter
 
     name, prefix = split_name name
 
-    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new(:name => name, :mode => mode,
-                                         :size => size, :prefix => prefix,
-                                         :mtime => Gem.source_date_epoch).to_s
+    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new(name: name, mode: mode,
+                                         size: size, prefix: prefix,
+                                         mtime: Gem.source_date_epoch).to_s
 
     @io.write header
     os = BoundedStream.new @io, size
@@ -232,11 +235,11 @@ class Gem::Package::TarWriter
 
     name, prefix = split_name name
 
-    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new(:name => name, :mode => mode,
-                                         :size => 0, :typeflag => "2",
-                                         :linkname => target,
-                                         :prefix => prefix,
-                                         :mtime => Gem.source_date_epoch).to_s
+    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new(name: name, mode: mode,
+                                         size: 0, typeflag: "2",
+                                         linkname: target,
+                                         prefix: prefix,
+                                         mtime: Gem.source_date_epoch).to_s
 
     @io.write header
 
@@ -286,10 +289,10 @@ class Gem::Package::TarWriter
 
     name, prefix = split_name(name)
 
-    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new :name => name, :mode => mode,
-                                         :typeflag => "5", :size => 0,
-                                         :prefix => prefix,
-                                         :mtime => Gem.source_date_epoch
+    header = Gem::Package::TarHeader.new name: name, mode: mode,
+                                         typeflag: "5", size: 0,
+                                         prefix: prefix,
+                                         mtime: Gem.source_date_epoch
 
     @io.write header
 
@@ -323,6 +326,6 @@ class Gem::Package::TarWriter
       end
     end
 
-    return name, prefix
+    [name, prefix]
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/package_task.rb b/lib/rubygems/package_task.rb
index 8432bc5806..d26411684d 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/package_task.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/package_task.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Jim Weirich, 2009 Eric Hodel
 #
 # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
@@ -96,13 +97,13 @@ class Gem::PackageTask < Rake::PackageTask
     gem_path = File.join package_dir, gem_file
     gem_dir  = File.join package_dir, gem_spec.full_name
 
-    task :package => [:gem]
+    task package: [:gem]
 
     directory package_dir
     directory gem_dir
 
     desc "Build the gem file #{gem_file}"
-    task :gem => [gem_path]
+    task gem: [gem_path]
 
     trace = Rake.application.options.trace
     Gem.configuration.verbose = trace
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/path_support.rb b/lib/rubygems/path_support.rb
index d601e653c9..13091e29ba 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/path_support.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/path_support.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 #
 # Gem::PathSupport facilitates the GEM_HOME and GEM_PATH environment settings
@@ -23,23 +24,22 @@ class Gem::PathSupport
   # hashtable, or defaults to ENV, the system environment.
   #
   def initialize(env)
-    @home = env["GEM_HOME"] || Gem.default_dir
-
-    if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-      @home = @home.gsub(File::ALT_SEPARATOR, File::SEPARATOR)
-    end
-
-    @home = expand(@home)
-
+    @home = normalize_home_dir(env["GEM_HOME"] || Gem.default_dir)
     @path = split_gem_path env["GEM_PATH"], @home
 
     @spec_cache_dir = env["GEM_SPEC_CACHE"] || Gem.default_spec_cache_dir
-
-    @spec_cache_dir = @spec_cache_dir.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
   end
 
   private
 
+  def normalize_home_dir(home)
+    if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+      home = home.gsub(File::ALT_SEPARATOR, File::SEPARATOR)
+    end
+
+    expand(home)
+  end
+
   ##
   # Split the Gem search path (as reported by Gem.path).
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class Gem::PathSupport
       gem_path = gpaths.split(Gem.path_separator)
       # Handle the path_separator being set to a regexp, which will cause
       # end_with? to error
-      if gpaths =~ /#{Gem.path_separator}\z/
+      if /#{Gem.path_separator}\z/.match?(gpaths)
         gem_path += default_path
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/platform.rb b/lib/rubygems/platform.rb
index 8c5e7993ca..48b7344aee 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/platform.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/platform.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "deprecate"
 
 ##
@@ -12,16 +13,24 @@ class Gem::Platform
   attr_accessor :cpu, :os, :version
 
   def self.local
-    arch = RbConfig::CONFIG["arch"]
-    arch = "#{arch}_60" if arch =~ /mswin(?:32|64)$/
-    @local ||= new(arch)
+    @local ||= begin
+      arch = RbConfig::CONFIG["arch"]
+      arch = "#{arch}_60" if /mswin(?:32|64)$/.match?(arch)
+      new(arch)
+    end
   end
 
   def self.match(platform)
     match_platforms?(platform, Gem.platforms)
   end
 
+  class << self
+    extend Gem::Deprecate
+    rubygems_deprecate :match, "Gem::Platform.match_spec? or match_gem?"
+  end
+
   def self.match_platforms?(platform, platforms)
+    platform = Gem::Platform.new(platform) unless platform.is_a?(Gem::Platform)
     platforms.any? do |local_platform|
       platform.nil? ||
         local_platform == platform ||
@@ -34,10 +43,20 @@ class Gem::Platform
     match_gem?(spec.platform, spec.name)
   end
 
-  def self.match_gem?(platform, gem_name)
-    # Note: this method might be redefined by Ruby implementations to
-    # customize behavior per RUBY_ENGINE, gem_name or other criteria.
-    match_platforms?(platform, Gem.platforms)
+  if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
+    def self.match_gem?(platform, gem_name)
+      raise "Not a string: #{gem_name.inspect}" unless String === gem_name
+
+      if REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY.include?(gem_name)
+        match_platforms?(platform, [Gem::Platform::RUBY, Gem::Platform.local])
+      else
+        match_platforms?(platform, Gem.platforms)
+      end
+    end
+  else
+    def self.match_gem?(platform, gem_name)
+      match_platforms?(platform, Gem.platforms)
+    end
   end
 
   def self.sort_priority(platform)
@@ -70,7 +89,7 @@ class Gem::Platform
     when String then
       arch = arch.split "-"
 
-      if arch.length > 2 && arch.last !~ /\d+(\.\d+)?$/ # reassemble x86-linux-{libc}
+      if arch.length > 2 && !arch.last.match?(/\d+(\.\d+)?$/) # reassemble x86-linux-{libc}
         extra = arch.pop
         arch.last << "-#{extra}"
       end
@@ -78,44 +97,46 @@ class Gem::Platform
       cpu = arch.shift
 
       @cpu = case cpu
-      when /i\d86/ then "x86"
-      else cpu
+             when /i\d86/ then "x86"
+             else cpu
       end
 
-      if arch.length == 2 && arch.last =~ /^\d+(\.\d+)?$/ # for command-line
+      if arch.length == 2 && arch.last.match?(/^\d+(\.\d+)?$/) # for command-line
         @os, @version = arch
         return
       end
 
       os, = arch
-      @cpu, os = nil, cpu if os.nil? # legacy jruby
+      if os.nil?
+        @cpu = nil
+        os = cpu
+      end # legacy jruby
 
       @os, @version = case os
-      when /aix(\d+)?/ then             [ "aix",       $1  ]
-      when /cygwin/ then                [ "cygwin",    nil ]
-      when /darwin(\d+)?/ then          [ "darwin",    $1  ]
-      when /^macruby$/ then             [ "macruby",   nil ]
-      when /freebsd(\d+)?/ then         [ "freebsd",   $1  ]
-      when /hpux(\d+)?/ then            [ "hpux",      $1  ]
-      when /^java$/, /^jruby$/ then     [ "java",      nil ]
-      when /^java([\d.]*)/ then         [ "java",      $1  ]
-      when /^dalvik(\d+)?$/ then        [ "dalvik",    $1  ]
-      when /^dotnet$/ then              [ "dotnet",    nil ]
-      when /^dotnet([\d.]*)/ then       [ "dotnet",    $1  ]
-      when /linux-?(\w+)?/ then         [ "linux",     $1  ]
-      when /mingw32/ then               [ "mingw32",   nil ]
-      when /mingw-?(\w+)?/ then         [ "mingw",     $1  ]
-      when /(mswin\d+)(\_(\d+))?/ then
-        os, version = $1, $3
-        @cpu = "x86" if @cpu.nil? && os =~ /32$/
-        [os, version]
-      when /netbsdelf/ then             [ "netbsdelf", nil ]
-      when /openbsd(\d+\.\d+)?/ then    [ "openbsd",   $1  ]
-      when /bitrig(\d+\.\d+)?/ then     [ "bitrig",    $1  ]
-      when /solaris(\d+\.\d+)?/ then    [ "solaris",   $1  ]
-      # test
-      when /^(\w+_platform)(\d+)?/ then [ $1,          $2  ]
-      else                              [ "unknown",   nil ]
+                      when /aix(\d+)?/ then             ["aix",       $1]
+                      when /cygwin/ then                ["cygwin",    nil]
+                      when /darwin(\d+)?/ then          ["darwin",    $1]
+                      when /^macruby$/ then             ["macruby",   nil]
+                      when /freebsd(\d+)?/ then         ["freebsd",   $1]
+                      when /^java$/, /^jruby$/ then     ["java",      nil]
+                      when /^java([\d.]*)/ then         ["java",      $1]
+                      when /^dalvik(\d+)?$/ then        ["dalvik",    $1]
+                      when /^dotnet$/ then              ["dotnet",    nil]
+                      when /^dotnet([\d.]*)/ then       ["dotnet",    $1]
+                      when /linux-?(\w+)?/ then         ["linux",     $1]
+                      when /mingw32/ then               ["mingw32",   nil]
+                      when /mingw-?(\w+)?/ then         ["mingw",     $1]
+                      when /(mswin\d+)(\_(\d+))?/ then
+                        os = $1
+                        version = $3
+                        @cpu = "x86" if @cpu.nil? && os =~ /32$/
+                        [os, version]
+                      when /netbsdelf/ then             ["netbsdelf", nil]
+                      when /openbsd(\d+\.\d+)?/ then    ["openbsd",   $1]
+                      when /solaris(\d+\.\d+)?/ then    ["solaris",   $1]
+                      # test
+                      when /^(\w+_platform)(\d+)?/ then [$1,          $2]
+                      else ["unknown", nil]
       end
     when Gem::Platform then
       @cpu = arch.cpu
@@ -142,7 +163,7 @@ class Gem::Platform
     self.class === other && to_a == other.to_a
   end
 
-  alias :eql? :==
+  alias_method :eql?, :==
 
   def hash # :nodoc:
     to_a.hash
@@ -159,9 +180,12 @@ class Gem::Platform
   # Of note, this method is not commutative. Indeed the OS 'linux' has a
   # special case: the version is the libc name, yet while "no version" stands
   # as a wildcard for a binary gem platform (as for other OSes), for the
-  # runtime platform "no version" stands for 'gnu'. To be able to disinguish
+  # runtime platform "no version" stands for 'gnu'. To be able to distinguish
   # these, the method receiver is the gem platform, while the argument is
   # the runtime platform.
+  #
+  #--
+  # NOTE: Until it can be removed, changes to this method must also be reflected in `bundler/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb`
 
   def ===(other)
     return nil unless Gem::Platform === other
@@ -180,11 +204,23 @@ class Gem::Platform
       # version
       (
         (@os != "linux" && (@version.nil? || other.version.nil?)) ||
-        (@os == "linux" && ((@version.nil? && ["gnu", "musl"].include?(other.version)) || (@version == "gnu" && other.version.nil?))) ||
+        (@os == "linux" && (normalized_linux_version == other.normalized_linux_version || ["musl#{@version}", "musleabi#{@version}", "musleabihf#{@version}"].include?(other.version))) ||
         @version == other.version
       )
   end
 
+  #--
+  # NOTE: Until it can be removed, changes to this method must also be reflected in `bundler/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb`
+
+  def normalized_linux_version
+    return nil unless @version
+
+    without_gnu_nor_abi_modifiers = @version.sub(/\Agnu/, "").sub(/eabi(hf)?\Z/, "")
+    return nil if without_gnu_nor_abi_modifiers.empty?
+
+    without_gnu_nor_abi_modifiers
+  end
+
   ##
   # Does +other+ match this platform?  If +other+ is a String it will be
   # converted to a Gem::Platform first.  See #=== for matching rules.
@@ -195,18 +231,18 @@ class Gem::Platform
     when String then
       # This data is from http://gems.rubyforge.org/gems/yaml on 19 Aug 2007
       other = case other
-      when /^i686-darwin(\d)/     then ["x86",       "darwin",  $1    ]
-      when /^i\d86-linux/         then ["x86",       "linux",   nil   ]
-      when "java", "jruby"        then [nil,         "java",    nil   ]
-      when /^dalvik(\d+)?$/       then [nil,         "dalvik",  $1    ]
-      when /dotnet(\-(\d+\.\d+))?/ then ["universal","dotnet",  $2    ]
-      when /mswin32(\_(\d+))?/    then ["x86",       "mswin32", $2    ]
-      when /mswin64(\_(\d+))?/    then ["x64",       "mswin64", $2    ]
-      when "powerpc-darwin"       then ["powerpc",   "darwin",  nil   ]
-      when /powerpc-darwin(\d)/   then ["powerpc",   "darwin",  $1    ]
-      when /sparc-solaris2.8/     then ["sparc",     "solaris", "2.8" ]
-      when /universal-darwin(\d)/ then ["universal", "darwin",  $1    ]
-      else                             other
+              when /^i686-darwin(\d)/     then ["x86",       "darwin",  $1]
+              when /^i\d86-linux/         then ["x86",       "linux",   nil]
+              when "java", "jruby"        then [nil,         "java",    nil]
+              when /^dalvik(\d+)?$/       then [nil,         "dalvik",  $1]
+              when /dotnet(\-(\d+\.\d+))?/ then ["universal","dotnet",  $2]
+              when /mswin32(\_(\d+))?/    then ["x86",       "mswin32", $2]
+              when /mswin64(\_(\d+))?/    then ["x64",       "mswin64", $2]
+              when "powerpc-darwin"       then ["powerpc",   "darwin",  nil]
+              when /powerpc-darwin(\d)/   then ["powerpc",   "darwin",  $1]
+              when /sparc-solaris2.8/     then ["sparc",     "solaris", "2.8"]
+              when /universal-darwin(\d)/ then ["universal", "darwin",  $1]
+              else other
       end
 
       other = Gem::Platform.new other
@@ -221,11 +257,11 @@ class Gem::Platform
   # A pure-Ruby gem that may use Gem::Specification#extensions to build
   # binary files.
 
-  RUBY = "ruby".freeze
+  RUBY = "ruby"
 
   ##
   # A platform-specific gem that is built for the packaging Ruby's platform.
   # This will be replaced with Gem::Platform::local.
 
-  CURRENT = "current".freeze
+  CURRENT = "current"
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/psych_tree.rb b/lib/rubygems/psych_tree.rb
index b90f9f7d1d..2d478c94d9 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/psych_tree.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/psych_tree.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Gem
   if defined? ::Psych::Visitors
     class NoAliasYAMLTree < Psych::Visitors::YAMLTree
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/query_utils.rb b/lib/rubygems/query_utils.rb
index a502717f94..a95a759401 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/query_utils.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/query_utils.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ require_relative "version_option"
 require_relative "text"
 
 module Gem::QueryUtils
-
   include Gem::Text
   include Gem::LocalRemoteOptions
   include Gem::VersionOption
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
       options[:installed] = value
     end
 
-    add_option("-I", "Equivalent to --no-installed") do |value, options|
+    add_option("-I", "Equivalent to --no-installed") do |_value, options|
       options[:installed] = false
     end
 
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
       installed = !installed unless options[:installed]
 
       say(installed)
-      exit_code = 1 if !installed
+      exit_code = 1 unless installed
     end
 
     exit_code
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
     end
   end
 
-  #Guts of original execute
+  # Guts of original execute
   def show_gems(name)
     show_local_gems(name)  if local?
     show_remote_gems(name) if remote?
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
       fetcher.detect(specs_type) { true }
     else
       fetcher.detect(specs_type) do |name_tuple|
-        name === name_tuple.name
+        name === name_tuple.name && options[:version].satisfied_by?(name_tuple.version)
       end
     end
 
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
   end
 
   def specs_type
-    if options[:all]
+    if options[:all] || options[:version].specific?
       if options[:prerelease]
         :complete
       else
@@ -197,7 +196,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
   end
 
   def output_versions(output, versions)
-    versions.each do |gem_name, matching_tuples|
+    versions.each do |_gem_name, matching_tuples|
       matching_tuples = matching_tuples.sort_by {|n,_| n.version }.reverse
 
       platforms = Hash.new {|h,version| h[version] = [] }
@@ -243,7 +242,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
 
     list =
       if platforms.empty? || options[:details]
-        name_tuples.map {|n| n.version }.uniq
+        name_tuples.map(&:version).uniq
       else
         platforms.sort.reverse.map do |version, pls|
           out = version.to_s
@@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
         end
       end
 
-    entry << " (#{list.join ', '})"
+    entry << " (#{list.join ", "})"
   end
 
   def make_entry(entry_tuples, platforms)
@@ -283,7 +282,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
   end
 
   def spec_authors(entry, spec)
-    authors = "Author#{spec.authors.length > 1 ? 's' : ''}: ".dup
+    authors = "Author#{spec.authors.length > 1 ? "s" : ""}: ".dup
     authors << spec.authors.join(", ")
     entry << format_text(authors, 68, 4)
   end
@@ -297,7 +296,7 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
   def spec_license(entry, spec)
     return if spec.license.nil? || spec.license.empty?
 
-    licenses = "License#{spec.licenses.length > 1 ? 's' : ''}: ".dup
+    licenses = "License#{spec.licenses.length > 1 ? "s" : ""}: ".dup
     licenses << spec.licenses.join(", ")
     entry << "\n" << format_text(licenses, 68, 4)
   end
@@ -312,8 +311,8 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
       label = "Installed at"
       specs.each do |s|
         version = s.version.to_s
-        version << ", default" if s.default_gem?
-        entry << "\n" << "    #{label} (#{version}): #{s.base_dir}"
+        default = ", default" if s.default_gem?
+        entry << "\n" << "    #{label} (#{version}#{default}): #{s.base_dir}"
         label = " " * label.length
       end
     end
@@ -328,11 +327,11 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
 
     if platforms.length == 1
       title = platforms.values.length == 1 ? "Platform" : "Platforms"
-      entry << "    #{title}: #{platforms.values.sort.join(', ')}\n"
+      entry << "    #{title}: #{platforms.values.sort.join(", ")}\n"
     else
       entry << "    Platforms:\n"
 
-      sorted_platforms = platforms.sort_by {|version,| version }
+      sorted_platforms = platforms.sort
 
       sorted_platforms.each do |version, pls|
         label = "        #{version}: "
@@ -347,5 +346,4 @@ module Gem::QueryUtils
     summary = truncate_text(spec.summary, "the summary for #{spec.full_name}")
     entry << "\n\n" << format_text(summary, 68, 4)
   end
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/rdoc.rb b/lib/rubygems/rdoc.rb
index 769ec61d1e..907dcd9431 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/rdoc.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/rdoc.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 
 begin
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/remote_fetcher.rb b/lib/rubygems/remote_fetcher.rb
index 0ac6eaa130..c3a41592f6 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/remote_fetcher.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/remote_fetcher.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../rubygems"
 require_relative "request"
 require_relative "request/connection_pools"
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
   # Cached RemoteFetcher instance.
 
   def self.fetcher
-    @fetcher ||= self.new Gem.configuration[:http_proxy]
+    @fetcher ||= new Gem.configuration[:http_proxy]
   end
 
   attr_accessor :headers
@@ -73,9 +74,9 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
 
   def initialize(proxy=nil, dns=nil, headers={})
     require_relative "core_ext/tcpsocket_init" if Gem.configuration.ipv4_fallback_enabled
-    require "net/http"
+    require_relative "vendored_net_http"
     require "stringio"
-    require "uri"
+    require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
 
     Socket.do_not_reverse_lookup = true
 
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
     cache_dir =
       if Dir.pwd == install_dir # see fetch_command
         install_dir
-      elsif File.writable?(install_cache_dir) || (File.writable?(install_dir) && (!File.exist?(install_cache_dir)))
+      elsif File.writable?(install_cache_dir) || (File.writable?(install_dir) && !File.exist?(install_cache_dir))
         install_cache_dir
       else
         File.join Gem.user_dir, "cache"
@@ -124,14 +125,18 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
     local_gem_path = File.join cache_dir, gem_file_name
 
     require "fileutils"
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p cache_dir rescue nil unless File.exist? cache_dir
+    begin
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p cache_dir
+    rescue StandardError
+      nil
+    end unless File.exist? cache_dir
 
     source_uri = Gem::Uri.new(source_uri)
 
     scheme = source_uri.scheme
 
-    # URI.parse gets confused by MS Windows paths with forward slashes.
-    scheme = nil if scheme =~ /^[a-z]$/i
+    # Gem::URI.parse gets confused by MS Windows paths with forward slashes.
+    scheme = nil if /^[a-z]$/i.match?(scheme)
 
     # REFACTOR: split this up and dispatch on scheme (eg download_http)
     # REFACTOR: be sure to clean up fake fetcher when you do this... cleaner
@@ -143,7 +148,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
 
           remote_gem_path = source_uri + "gems/#{gem_file_name}"
 
-          self.cache_update_path remote_gem_path, local_gem_path
+          cache_update_path remote_gem_path, local_gem_path
         rescue FetchError
           raise if spec.original_platform == spec.platform
 
@@ -153,7 +158,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
 
           remote_gem_path = source_uri + "gems/#{alternate_name}"
 
-          self.cache_update_path remote_gem_path, local_gem_path
+          cache_update_path remote_gem_path, local_gem_path
         end
       end
     when "file" then
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
       end
 
       verbose "Using local gem #{local_gem_path}"
-    when nil then # TODO test for local overriding cache
+    when nil then # TODO: test for local overriding cache
       source_path = if Gem.win_platform? && source_uri.scheme &&
                        !source_uri.path.include?(":")
         "#{source_uri.scheme}:#{source_uri.path}"
@@ -205,17 +210,17 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
   # HTTP Fetcher. Dispatched by +fetch_path+. Use it instead.
 
   def fetch_http(uri, last_modified = nil, head = false, depth = 0)
-    fetch_type = head ? Net::HTTP::Head : Net::HTTP::Get
+    fetch_type = head ? Gem::Net::HTTP::Head : Gem::Net::HTTP::Get
     response   = request uri, fetch_type, last_modified do |req|
       headers.each {|k,v| req.add_field(k,v) }
     end
 
     case response
-    when Net::HTTPOK, Net::HTTPNotModified then
+    when Gem::Net::HTTPOK, Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified then
       response.uri = uri
       head ? response : response.body
-    when Net::HTTPMovedPermanently, Net::HTTPFound, Net::HTTPSeeOther,
-         Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect then
+    when Gem::Net::HTTPMovedPermanently, Gem::Net::HTTPFound, Gem::Net::HTTPSeeOther,
+         Gem::Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect then
       raise FetchError.new("too many redirects", uri) if depth > 10
 
       unless location = response["Location"]
@@ -233,7 +238,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
     end
   end
 
-  alias :fetch_https :fetch_http
+  alias_method :fetch_https, :fetch_http
 
   ##
   # Downloads +uri+ and returns it as a String.
@@ -256,7 +261,7 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
     end
 
     data
-  rescue Timeout::Error, IOError, SocketError, SystemCallError,
+  rescue Gem::Timeout::Error, IOError, SocketError, SystemCallError,
          *(OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError if Gem::HAVE_OPENSSL) => e
     raise FetchError.new("#{e.class}: #{e}", uri)
   end
@@ -280,7 +285,11 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
   # passes the data.
 
   def cache_update_path(uri, path = nil, update = true)
-    mtime = path && File.stat(path).mtime rescue nil
+    mtime = begin
+              path && File.stat(path).mtime
+            rescue StandardError
+              nil
+            end
 
     data = fetch_path(uri, mtime)
 
@@ -296,8 +305,8 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
   end
 
   ##
-  # Performs a Net::HTTP request of type +request_class+ on +uri+ returning
-  # a Net::HTTP response object.  request maintains a table of persistent
+  # Performs a Gem::Net::HTTP request of type +request_class+ on +uri+ returning
+  # a Gem::Net::HTTP response object.  request maintains a table of persistent
   # connections to reduce connect overhead.
 
   def request(uri, request_class, last_modified = nil)
@@ -312,11 +321,11 @@ class Gem::RemoteFetcher
   end
 
   def https?(uri)
-    uri.scheme.downcase == "https"
+    uri.scheme.casecmp("https").zero?
   end
 
   def close_all
-    @pools.each_value {|pool| pool.close_all }
+    @pools.each_value(&:close_all)
   end
 
   private
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request.rb b/lib/rubygems/request.rb
index c3ea46e0eb..9116785231 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require "net/http"
+
+require_relative "vendored_net_http"
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 
 class Gem::Request
@@ -17,11 +18,11 @@ class Gem::Request
   end
 
   def self.proxy_uri(proxy) # :nodoc:
-    require "uri"
+    require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
     case proxy
     when :no_proxy then nil
-    when URI::HTTP then proxy
-    else URI.parse(proxy)
+    when Gem::URI::HTTP then proxy
+    else Gem::URI.parse(proxy)
     end
   end
 
@@ -29,14 +30,19 @@ class Gem::Request
     @uri = uri
     @request_class = request_class
     @last_modified = last_modified
-    @requests = Hash.new 0
+    @requests = Hash.new(0).compare_by_identity
     @user_agent = user_agent
 
     @connection_pool = pool
   end
 
-  def proxy_uri; @connection_pool.proxy_uri; end
-  def cert_files; @connection_pool.cert_files; end
+  def proxy_uri
+    @connection_pool.proxy_uri
+  end
+
+  def cert_files
+    @connection_pool.cert_files
+  end
 
   def self.get_cert_files
     pattern = File.expand_path("./ssl_certs/*/*.pem", __dir__)
@@ -159,23 +165,22 @@ class Gem::Request
   # environment variables.
 
   def self.get_proxy_from_env(scheme = "http")
-    _scheme = scheme.downcase
-    _SCHEME = scheme.upcase
-    env_proxy = ENV["#{_scheme}_proxy"] || ENV["#{_SCHEME}_PROXY"]
+    downcase_scheme = scheme.downcase
+    upcase_scheme = scheme.upcase
+    env_proxy = ENV["#{downcase_scheme}_proxy"] || ENV["#{upcase_scheme}_PROXY"]
 
     no_env_proxy = env_proxy.nil? || env_proxy.empty?
 
     if no_env_proxy
-      return (_scheme == "https" || _scheme == "http") ?
-        :no_proxy : get_proxy_from_env("http")
+      return ["https", "http"].include?(downcase_scheme) ? :no_proxy : get_proxy_from_env("http")
     end
 
     require "uri"
-    uri = URI(Gem::UriFormatter.new(env_proxy).normalize)
+    uri = Gem::URI(Gem::UriFormatter.new(env_proxy).normalize)
 
     if uri && uri.user.nil? && uri.password.nil?
-      user     = ENV["#{_scheme}_proxy_user"] || ENV["#{_SCHEME}_PROXY_USER"]
-      password = ENV["#{_scheme}_proxy_pass"] || ENV["#{_SCHEME}_PROXY_PASS"]
+      user     = ENV["#{downcase_scheme}_proxy_user"] || ENV["#{upcase_scheme}_PROXY_USER"]
+      password = ENV["#{downcase_scheme}_proxy_pass"] || ENV["#{upcase_scheme}_PROXY_PASS"]
 
       uri.user     = Gem::UriFormatter.new(user).escape
       uri.password = Gem::UriFormatter.new(password).escape
@@ -191,7 +196,7 @@ class Gem::Request
     bad_response = false
 
     begin
-      @requests[connection.object_id] += 1
+      @requests[connection] += 1
 
       verbose "#{request.method} #{Gem::Uri.redact(@uri)}"
 
@@ -200,7 +205,7 @@ class Gem::Request
       if request.response_body_permitted? && file_name =~ /\.gem$/
         reporter = ui.download_reporter
         response = connection.request(request) do |incomplete_response|
-          if Net::HTTPOK === incomplete_response
+          if Gem::Net::HTTPOK === incomplete_response
             reporter.fetch(file_name, incomplete_response.content_length)
             downloaded = 0
             data = String.new
@@ -223,8 +228,7 @@ class Gem::Request
       end
 
       verbose "#{response.code} #{response.message}"
-
-    rescue Net::HTTPBadResponse
+    rescue Gem::Net::HTTPBadResponse
       verbose "bad response"
 
       reset connection
@@ -233,17 +237,17 @@ class Gem::Request
 
       bad_response = true
       retry
-    rescue Net::HTTPFatalError
+    rescue Gem::Net::HTTPFatalError
       verbose "fatal error"
 
       raise Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError.new("fatal error", @uri)
-    # HACK work around EOFError bug in Net::HTTP
+    # HACK: work around EOFError bug in Gem::Net::HTTP
     # NOTE Errno::ECONNABORTED raised a lot on Windows, and make impossible
     # to install gems.
-    rescue EOFError, Timeout::Error,
+    rescue EOFError, Gem::Timeout::Error,
            Errno::ECONNABORTED, Errno::ECONNRESET, Errno::EPIPE
 
-      requests = @requests[connection.object_id]
+      requests = @requests[connection]
       verbose "connection reset after #{requests} requests, retrying"
 
       raise Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError.new("too many connection resets", @uri) if retried
@@ -263,7 +267,7 @@ class Gem::Request
   # Resets HTTP connection +connection+.
 
   def reset(connection)
-    @requests.delete connection.object_id
+    @requests.delete connection
 
     connection.finish
     connection.start
@@ -278,7 +282,7 @@ class Gem::Request
     ua << " Ruby/#{ruby_version} (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE}"
     if RUBY_PATCHLEVEL >= 0
       ua << " patchlevel #{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}"
-    elsif defined?(RUBY_REVISION)
+    else
       ua << " revision #{RUBY_REVISION}"
     end
     ua << ")"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request/connection_pools.rb b/lib/rubygems/request/connection_pools.rb
index 44280489fb..6c1b04ab65 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request/connection_pools.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request/connection_pools.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class Gem::Request::ConnectionPools # :nodoc:
-  @client = Net::HTTP
+  @client = Gem::Net::HTTP
 
   class << self
     attr_accessor :client
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Gem::Request::ConnectionPools # :nodoc:
   end
 
   def close_all
-    @pools.each_value {|pool| pool.close_all }
+    @pools.each_value(&:close_all)
   end
 
   private
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Gem::Request::ConnectionPools # :nodoc:
   end
 
   def https?(uri)
-    uri.scheme.downcase == "https"
+    uri.scheme.casecmp("https").zero?
   end
 
   def no_proxy?(host, env_no_proxy)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request/http_pool.rb b/lib/rubygems/request/http_pool.rb
index 7b309eedd3..52543de41f 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request/http_pool.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request/http_pool.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A connection "pool" that only manages one connection for now.  Provides
 # thread safe `checkout` and `checkin` methods.  The pool consists of one
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request/https_pool.rb b/lib/rubygems/request/https_pool.rb
index 50f42d9e0d..cb1d4b59b6 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request/https_pool.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request/https_pool.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Gem::Request::HTTPSPool < Gem::Request::HTTPPool # :nodoc:
   private
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/request_set.rb
index 64701a8214..875df7e019 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request_set.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-require_relative "tsort"
+
+require_relative "vendored_tsort"
 
 ##
 # A RequestSet groups a request to activate a set of dependencies.
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
     @requests            = []
     @sets                = []
     @soft_missing        = false
-    @sorted              = nil
+    @sorted_requests     = nil
     @specs               = nil
     @vendor_set          = nil
     @source_set          = nil
@@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
     end
 
     # Create N threads in a pool, have them download all the gems
-    threads = Gem.configuration.concurrent_downloads.times.map do
+    threads = Array.new(Gem.configuration.concurrent_downloads) do
       # When a thread pops this item, it knows to stop running. The symbol
       # is queued here so that there will be one symbol per thread.
       download_queue << :stop
@@ -254,7 +255,8 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
   end
 
   def install_into(dir, force = true, options = {})
-    gem_home, ENV["GEM_HOME"] = ENV["GEM_HOME"], dir
+    gem_home = ENV["GEM_HOME"]
+    ENV["GEM_HOME"] = dir
 
     existing = force ? [] : specs_in(dir)
     existing.delete_if {|s| @always_install.include? s }
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
 
     @git_set.root_dir = @install_dir
 
-    lock_file = "#{File.expand_path(path)}.lock".dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    lock_file = "#{File.expand_path(path)}.lock"
     begin
       tokenizer = Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Tokenizer.from_file lock_file
       parser = tokenizer.make_parser self, []
@@ -374,7 +376,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
       q.text "sets:"
 
       q.breakable
-      q.pp @sets.map {|set| set.class }
+      q.pp @sets.map(&:class)
     end
   end
 
@@ -424,11 +426,11 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
   end
 
   def sorted_requests
-    @sorted ||= strongly_connected_components.flatten
+    @sorted_requests ||= strongly_connected_components.flatten
   end
 
   def specs
-    @specs ||= @requests.map {|r| r.full_spec }
+    @specs ||= @requests.map(&:full_spec)
   end
 
   def specs_in(dir)
@@ -446,7 +448,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet
       next if dep.type == :development && !@development
 
       match = @requests.find do |r|
-        dep.match? r.spec.name, r.spec.version, r.spec.is_a?(Gem::Resolver::InstalledSpecification) || @prerelease
+        dep.match?(r.spec.name, r.spec.version, r.spec.is_a?(Gem::Resolver::InstalledSpecification) || @prerelease)
       end
 
       unless match
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request_set/gem_dependency_api.rb b/lib/rubygems/request_set/gem_dependency_api.rb
index fe75ac5208..4347d22ccb 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request_set/gem_dependency_api.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request_set/gem_dependency_api.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A semi-compatible DSL for the Bundler Gemfile and Isolate gem dependencies
 # files.
@@ -32,22 +33,22 @@
 
 class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
   ENGINE_MAP = { # :nodoc:
-    :jruby        => %w[jruby],
-    :jruby_18     => %w[jruby],
-    :jruby_19     => %w[jruby],
-    :maglev       => %w[maglev],
-    :mri          => %w[ruby],
-    :mri_18       => %w[ruby],
-    :mri_19       => %w[ruby],
-    :mri_20       => %w[ruby],
-    :mri_21       => %w[ruby],
-    :rbx          => %w[rbx],
-    :truffleruby  => %w[truffleruby],
-    :ruby         => %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
-    :ruby_18      => %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
-    :ruby_19      => %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
-    :ruby_20      => %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
-    :ruby_21      => %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
+    jruby: %w[jruby],
+    jruby_18: %w[jruby],
+    jruby_19: %w[jruby],
+    maglev: %w[maglev],
+    mri: %w[ruby],
+    mri_18: %w[ruby],
+    mri_19: %w[ruby],
+    mri_20: %w[ruby],
+    mri_21: %w[ruby],
+    rbx: %w[rbx],
+    truffleruby: %w[truffleruby],
+    ruby: %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
+    ruby_18: %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
+    ruby_19: %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
+    ruby_20: %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
+    ruby_21: %w[ruby rbx maglev truffleruby],
   }.freeze
 
   mswin     = Gem::Platform.new "x86-mswin32"
@@ -56,39 +57,39 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
   x64_mingw = Gem::Platform.new "x64-mingw32"
 
   PLATFORM_MAP = { # :nodoc:
-    :jruby        => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :jruby_18     => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :jruby_19     => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :maglev       => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :mingw        => x86_mingw,
-    :mingw_18     => x86_mingw,
-    :mingw_19     => x86_mingw,
-    :mingw_20     => x86_mingw,
-    :mingw_21     => x86_mingw,
-    :mri          => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :mri_18       => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :mri_19       => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :mri_20       => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :mri_21       => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :mswin        => mswin,
-    :mswin_18     => mswin,
-    :mswin_19     => mswin,
-    :mswin_20     => mswin,
-    :mswin_21     => mswin,
-    :mswin64      => mswin64,
-    :mswin64_19   => mswin64,
-    :mswin64_20   => mswin64,
-    :mswin64_21   => mswin64,
-    :rbx          => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :ruby         => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :ruby_18      => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :ruby_19      => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :ruby_20      => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :ruby_21      => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :truffleruby  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :x64_mingw    => x64_mingw,
-    :x64_mingw_20 => x64_mingw,
-    :x64_mingw_21 => x64_mingw,
+    jruby: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    jruby_18: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    jruby_19: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    maglev: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    mingw: x86_mingw,
+    mingw_18: x86_mingw,
+    mingw_19: x86_mingw,
+    mingw_20: x86_mingw,
+    mingw_21: x86_mingw,
+    mri: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    mri_18: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    mri_19: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    mri_20: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    mri_21: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    mswin: mswin,
+    mswin_18: mswin,
+    mswin_19: mswin,
+    mswin_20: mswin,
+    mswin_21: mswin,
+    mswin64: mswin64,
+    mswin64_19: mswin64,
+    mswin64_20: mswin64,
+    mswin64_21: mswin64,
+    rbx: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    ruby: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    ruby_18: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    ruby_19: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    ruby_20: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    ruby_21: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    truffleruby: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    x64_mingw: x64_mingw,
+    x64_mingw_20: x64_mingw,
+    x64_mingw_21: x64_mingw,
   }.freeze
 
   gt_eq_0        = Gem::Requirement.new ">= 0"
@@ -98,70 +99,70 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
   tilde_gt_2_1_0 = Gem::Requirement.new "~> 2.1.0"
 
   VERSION_MAP = { # :nodoc:
-    :jruby        => gt_eq_0,
-    :jruby_18     => tilde_gt_1_8_0,
-    :jruby_19     => tilde_gt_1_9_0,
-    :maglev       => gt_eq_0,
-    :mingw        => gt_eq_0,
-    :mingw_18     => tilde_gt_1_8_0,
-    :mingw_19     => tilde_gt_1_9_0,
-    :mingw_20     => tilde_gt_2_0_0,
-    :mingw_21     => tilde_gt_2_1_0,
-    :mri          => gt_eq_0,
-    :mri_18       => tilde_gt_1_8_0,
-    :mri_19       => tilde_gt_1_9_0,
-    :mri_20       => tilde_gt_2_0_0,
-    :mri_21       => tilde_gt_2_1_0,
-    :mswin        => gt_eq_0,
-    :mswin_18     => tilde_gt_1_8_0,
-    :mswin_19     => tilde_gt_1_9_0,
-    :mswin_20     => tilde_gt_2_0_0,
-    :mswin_21     => tilde_gt_2_1_0,
-    :mswin64      => gt_eq_0,
-    :mswin64_19   => tilde_gt_1_9_0,
-    :mswin64_20   => tilde_gt_2_0_0,
-    :mswin64_21   => tilde_gt_2_1_0,
-    :rbx          => gt_eq_0,
-    :ruby         => gt_eq_0,
-    :ruby_18      => tilde_gt_1_8_0,
-    :ruby_19      => tilde_gt_1_9_0,
-    :ruby_20      => tilde_gt_2_0_0,
-    :ruby_21      => tilde_gt_2_1_0,
-    :truffleruby  => gt_eq_0,
-    :x64_mingw    => gt_eq_0,
-    :x64_mingw_20 => tilde_gt_2_0_0,
-    :x64_mingw_21 => tilde_gt_2_1_0,
+    jruby: gt_eq_0,
+    jruby_18: tilde_gt_1_8_0,
+    jruby_19: tilde_gt_1_9_0,
+    maglev: gt_eq_0,
+    mingw: gt_eq_0,
+    mingw_18: tilde_gt_1_8_0,
+    mingw_19: tilde_gt_1_9_0,
+    mingw_20: tilde_gt_2_0_0,
+    mingw_21: tilde_gt_2_1_0,
+    mri: gt_eq_0,
+    mri_18: tilde_gt_1_8_0,
+    mri_19: tilde_gt_1_9_0,
+    mri_20: tilde_gt_2_0_0,
+    mri_21: tilde_gt_2_1_0,
+    mswin: gt_eq_0,
+    mswin_18: tilde_gt_1_8_0,
+    mswin_19: tilde_gt_1_9_0,
+    mswin_20: tilde_gt_2_0_0,
+    mswin_21: tilde_gt_2_1_0,
+    mswin64: gt_eq_0,
+    mswin64_19: tilde_gt_1_9_0,
+    mswin64_20: tilde_gt_2_0_0,
+    mswin64_21: tilde_gt_2_1_0,
+    rbx: gt_eq_0,
+    ruby: gt_eq_0,
+    ruby_18: tilde_gt_1_8_0,
+    ruby_19: tilde_gt_1_9_0,
+    ruby_20: tilde_gt_2_0_0,
+    ruby_21: tilde_gt_2_1_0,
+    truffleruby: gt_eq_0,
+    x64_mingw: gt_eq_0,
+    x64_mingw_20: tilde_gt_2_0_0,
+    x64_mingw_21: tilde_gt_2_1_0,
   }.freeze
 
   WINDOWS = { # :nodoc:
-    :mingw        => :only,
-    :mingw_18     => :only,
-    :mingw_19     => :only,
-    :mingw_20     => :only,
-    :mingw_21     => :only,
-    :mri          => :never,
-    :mri_18       => :never,
-    :mri_19       => :never,
-    :mri_20       => :never,
-    :mri_21       => :never,
-    :mswin        => :only,
-    :mswin_18     => :only,
-    :mswin_19     => :only,
-    :mswin_20     => :only,
-    :mswin_21     => :only,
-    :mswin64      => :only,
-    :mswin64_19   => :only,
-    :mswin64_20   => :only,
-    :mswin64_21   => :only,
-    :rbx          => :never,
-    :ruby         => :never,
-    :ruby_18      => :never,
-    :ruby_19      => :never,
-    :ruby_20      => :never,
-    :ruby_21      => :never,
-    :x64_mingw    => :only,
-    :x64_mingw_20 => :only,
-    :x64_mingw_21 => :only,
+    mingw: :only,
+    mingw_18: :only,
+    mingw_19: :only,
+    mingw_20: :only,
+    mingw_21: :only,
+    mri: :never,
+    mri_18: :never,
+    mri_19: :never,
+    mri_20: :never,
+    mri_21: :never,
+    mswin: :only,
+    mswin_18: :only,
+    mswin_19: :only,
+    mswin_20: :only,
+    mswin_21: :only,
+    mswin64: :only,
+    mswin64_19: :only,
+    mswin64_20: :only,
+    mswin64_21: :only,
+    rbx: :never,
+    ruby: :never,
+    ruby_18: :never,
+    ruby_19: :never,
+    ruby_20: :never,
+    ruby_21: :never,
+    x64_mingw: :only,
+    x64_mingw_20: :only,
+    x64_mingw_21: :only,
   }.freeze
 
   ##
@@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
     git_source :github do |repo_name|
       repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include? "/"
 
-      "git://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
+      "https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
     end
 
     git_source :bitbucket do |repo_name|
@@ -261,7 +262,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
       raise ArgumentError, "no gemspecs found at #{Dir.pwd}"
     else
       raise ArgumentError,
-        "found multiple gemspecs at #{Dir.pwd}, " +
+        "found multiple gemspecs at #{Dir.pwd}, " \
         "use the name: option to specify the one you want"
     end
   end
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
   # Loads the gem dependency file and returns self.
 
   def load
-    instance_eval File.read(@path).tap(&Gem::UNTAINT), @path, 1
+    instance_eval File.read(@path), @path, 1
 
     self
   end
@@ -356,7 +357,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::GemDependencyAPI
   #   Use the given tag for git:, gist: and github: dependencies.
 
   def gem(name, *requirements)
-    options = requirements.pop if requirements.last.kind_of?(Hash)
+    options = requirements.pop if requirements.last.is_a?(Hash)
     options ||= {}
 
     options[:git] = @current_repository if @current_repository
@@ -435,7 +436,6 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} requires #{name} more than once.
     reference ||= ref
     reference ||= branch
     reference ||= tag
-    reference ||= "master"
 
     if ref && branch
       warn <<-WARNING
@@ -533,8 +533,8 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
   # platform matches the current platform.
 
   def gem_platforms(name, options) # :nodoc:
-    platform_names = Array(options.delete :platform)
-    platform_names.concat Array(options.delete :platforms)
+    platform_names = Array(options.delete(:platform))
+    platform_names.concat Array(options.delete(:platforms))
     platform_names.concat @current_platforms if @current_platforms
 
     return true if platform_names.empty?
@@ -593,7 +593,6 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
     @current_repository = repository
 
     yield
-
   ensure
     @current_repository = nil
   end
@@ -685,7 +684,6 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
     @current_groups = groups
 
     yield
-
   ensure
     @current_groups = nil
   end
@@ -760,7 +758,6 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
     @current_platforms = platforms
 
     yield
-
   ensure
     @current_platforms = nil
   end
@@ -771,7 +768,7 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
   # Block form for restricting gems to a particular set of platforms.  See
   # #platform.
 
-  alias :platforms :platform
+  alias_method :platforms, :platform
 
   ##
   # :category: Gem Dependencies DSL
@@ -793,15 +790,15 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
 
     return true if @installing
 
-    unless RUBY_VERSION == version
-      message = "Your Ruby version is #{RUBY_VERSION}, " +
+    unless version == RUBY_VERSION
+      message = "Your Ruby version is #{RUBY_VERSION}, " \
                 "but your #{gem_deps_file} requires #{version}"
 
       raise Gem::RubyVersionMismatch, message
     end
 
     if engine && engine != Gem.ruby_engine
-      message = "Your Ruby engine is #{Gem.ruby_engine}, " +
+      message = "Your Ruby engine is #{Gem.ruby_engine}, " \
                 "but your #{gem_deps_file} requires #{engine}"
 
       raise Gem::RubyVersionMismatch, message
@@ -810,14 +807,14 @@ Gem dependencies file #{@path} includes git reference for both ref/branch and ta
     if engine_version
       if engine_version != RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION
         message =
-          "Your Ruby engine version is #{Gem.ruby_engine} #{RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION}, " +
+          "Your Ruby engine version is #{Gem.ruby_engine} #{RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION}, " \
           "but your #{gem_deps_file} requires #{engine} #{engine_version}"
 
         raise Gem::RubyVersionMismatch, message
       end
     end
 
-    return true
+    true
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile.rb b/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile.rb
index 3ba202f661..c446b3ae51 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Parses a gem.deps.rb.lock file and constructs a LockSet containing the
 # dependencies found inside.  If the lock file is missing no LockSet is
@@ -75,18 +76,13 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile
     @dependencies  = dependencies
     @gem_deps_file = File.expand_path(gem_deps_file)
     @gem_deps_dir  = File.dirname(@gem_deps_file)
-
-    if RUBY_VERSION < "2.7"
-      @gem_deps_file.untaint unless gem_deps_file.tainted?
-    end
-
     @platforms = []
   end
 
   def add_DEPENDENCIES(out) # :nodoc:
     out << "DEPENDENCIES"
 
-    out.concat @dependencies.sort_by {|name,| name }.map {|name, requirement|
+    out.concat @dependencies.sort.map {|name, requirement|
       "  #{name}#{requirement.for_lockfile}"
     }
 
@@ -105,10 +101,10 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile
       out << "  remote: #{group}"
       out << "  specs:"
 
-      requests.sort_by {|request| request.name }.each do |request|
+      requests.sort_by(&:name).each do |request|
         next if request.spec.name == "bundler"
         platform = "-#{request.spec.platform}" unless
-          Gem::Platform::RUBY == request.spec.platform
+          request.spec.platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
 
         out << "    #{request.name} (#{request.version}#{platform})"
 
@@ -137,10 +133,10 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile
       out << "  revision: #{revision}"
       out << "  specs:"
 
-      requests.sort_by {|request| request.name }.each do |request|
+      requests.sort_by(&:name).each do |request|
         out << "    #{request.name} (#{request.version})"
 
-        dependencies = request.spec.dependencies.sort_by {|dep| dep.name }
+        dependencies = request.spec.dependencies.sort_by(&:name)
         dependencies.each do |dep|
           out << "      #{dep.name}#{dep.requirement.for_lockfile}"
         end
@@ -184,7 +180,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile
 
     platforms = requests.map {|request| request.spec.platform }.uniq
 
-    platforms = platforms.sort_by {|platform| platform.to_s }
+    platforms = platforms.sort_by(&:to_s)
 
     platforms.each do |platform|
       out << "  #{platform}"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/parser.rb b/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/parser.rb
index 8446f9df8e..e751a1445e 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
   ###
   # Parses lockfiles
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
     if expected_types && !Array(expected_types).include?(token.type)
       unget token
 
-      message = "unexpected token [#{token.type.inspect}, #{token.value.inspect}], " +
+      message = "unexpected token [#{token.type.inspect}, #{token.value.inspect}], " \
                 "expected #{expected_types.inspect}"
 
       raise Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::ParseError.new message, token.column, token.line, @filename
@@ -56,8 +57,8 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
     if expected_value && expected_value != token.value
       unget token
 
-      message = "unexpected token [#{token.type.inspect}, #{token.value.inspect}], " +
-                "expected [#{expected_types.inspect}, " +
+      message = "unexpected token [#{token.type.inspect}, #{token.value.inspect}], " \
+                "expected [#{expected_types.inspect}, " \
                 "#{expected_value.inspect}]"
 
       raise Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::ParseError.new message, token.column, token.line, @filename
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
   end
 
   def parse_DEPENDENCIES # :nodoc:
-    while !@tokens.empty? && :text == peek.type do
+    while !@tokens.empty? && peek.type == :text do
       token = get :text
 
       requirements = []
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
   def parse_GEM # :nodoc:
     sources = []
 
-    while [:entry, "remote"] == peek.first(2) do
+    while peek.first(2) == [:entry, "remote"] do
       get :entry, "remote"
       data = get(:text).value
       skip :newline
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
     set = Gem::Resolver::LockSet.new sources
     last_specs = nil
 
-    while !@tokens.empty? && :text == peek.type do
+    while !@tokens.empty? && peek.type == :text do
       token = get :text
       name = token.value
       column = token.column
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
 
     last_spec = nil
 
-    while !@tokens.empty? && :text == peek.type do
+    while !@tokens.empty? && peek.type == :text do
       token = get :text
       name = token.value
       column = token.column
@@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
     set = Gem::Resolver::VendorSet.new
     last_spec = nil
 
-    while !@tokens.empty? && :text == peek.first do
+    while !@tokens.empty? && peek.first == :text do
       token = get :text
       name = token.value
       column = token.column
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
   end
 
   def parse_PLATFORMS # :nodoc:
-    while !@tokens.empty? && :text == peek.first do
+    while !@tokens.empty? && peek.first == :text do
       name = get(:text).value
 
       @platforms << name
@@ -331,7 +332,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Parser
       set.find_all(requirement)
     end.compact.first
 
-    specification && specification.version
+    specification&.version
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/tokenizer.rb b/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/tokenizer.rb
index 4476a041c4..65cef3baa0 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/tokenizer.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/request_set/lockfile/tokenizer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-#) frozen_string_literal: true
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# ) frozen_string_literal: true
 require_relative "parser"
 
 class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Tokenizer
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Tokenizer
   def next_token
     @tokens.shift
   end
-  alias :shift :next_token
+  alias_method :shift, :next_token
 
   def peek
     @tokens.first || EOF
@@ -73,13 +75,14 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Tokenizer
       end
 
       @tokens <<
-        case
-        when s.scan(/\r?\n/) then
+        if s.scan(/\r?\n/)
+
           token = Token.new(:newline, nil, *token_pos(pos))
           @line_pos = s.pos
           @line += 1
           token
-        when s.scan(/[A-Z]+/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/[A-Z]+/)
+
           if leading_whitespace
             text = s.matched
             text += s.scan(/[^\s)]*/).to_s # in case of no match
@@ -87,20 +90,27 @@ class Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile::Tokenizer
           else
             Token.new(:section, s.matched, *token_pos(pos))
           end
-        when s.scan(/([a-z]+):\s/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/([a-z]+):\s/)
+
           s.pos -= 1 # rewind for possible newline
           Token.new(:entry, s[1], *token_pos(pos))
-        when s.scan(/\(/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/\(/)
+
           Token.new(:l_paren, nil, *token_pos(pos))
-        when s.scan(/\)/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/\)/)
+
           Token.new(:r_paren, nil, *token_pos(pos))
-        when s.scan(/<=|>=|=|~>|<|>|!=/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/<=|>=|=|~>|<|>|!=/)
+
           Token.new(:requirement, s.matched, *token_pos(pos))
-        when s.scan(/,/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/,/)
+
           Token.new(:comma, nil, *token_pos(pos))
-        when s.scan(/!/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/!/)
+
           Token.new(:bang, nil, *token_pos(pos))
-        when s.scan(/[^\s),!]*/) then
+        elsif s.scan(/[^\s),!]*/)
+
           Token.new(:text, s.matched, *token_pos(pos))
         else
           raise "BUG: can't create token for: #{s.string[s.pos..-1].inspect}"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/requirement.rb b/lib/rubygems/requirement.rb
index 4f19b8c5b0..02543cb14a 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/requirement.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/requirement.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "version"
 
 ##
@@ -9,14 +10,14 @@ require_relative "version"
 # together in RubyGems.
 
 class Gem::Requirement
-  OPS = { #:nodoc:
-    "="  =>  lambda {|v, r| v == r },
-    "!=" =>  lambda {|v, r| v != r },
-    ">"  =>  lambda {|v, r| v >  r },
-    "<"  =>  lambda {|v, r| v <  r },
-    ">=" =>  lambda {|v, r| v >= r },
-    "<=" =>  lambda {|v, r| v <= r },
-    "~>" =>  lambda {|v, r| v >= r && v.release < r.bump },
+  OPS = { # :nodoc:
+    "=" => lambda {|v, r| v == r },
+    "!=" => lambda {|v, r| v != r },
+    ">" => lambda {|v, r| v >  r },
+    "<" => lambda {|v, r| v <  r },
+    ">=" => lambda {|v, r| v >= r },
+    "<=" => lambda {|v, r| v <= r },
+    "~>" => lambda {|v, r| v >= r && v.release < r.bump },
   }.freeze
 
   SOURCE_SET_REQUIREMENT = Struct.new(:for_lockfile).new "!" # :nodoc:
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ class Gem::Requirement
   ##
   # A regular expression that matches a requirement
 
-  PATTERN = /\A#{PATTERN_RAW}\z/.freeze
+  PATTERN = /\A#{PATTERN_RAW}\z/
 
   ##
   # The default requirement matches any non-prerelease version
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ class Gem::Requirement
   # An array of requirement pairs. The first element of the pair is
   # the op, and the second is the Gem::Version.
 
-  attr_reader :requirements #:nodoc:
+  attr_reader :requirements # :nodoc:
 
   ##
   # Constructs a requirement from +requirements+. Requirements can be
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ class Gem::Requirement
   # Formats this requirement for use in a Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile.
 
   def for_lockfile # :nodoc:
-    return if [DefaultRequirement] == @requirements
+    return if @requirements == [DefaultRequirement]
 
     list = requirements.sort_by do |_, version|
       version
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ class Gem::Requirement
       "#{op} #{version}"
     end.uniq
 
-    " (#{list.join ', '})"
+    " (#{list.join ", "})"
   end
 
   ##
@@ -244,8 +245,8 @@ class Gem::Requirement
     requirements.all? {|op, rv| OPS[op].call version, rv }
   end
 
-  alias :=== :satisfied_by?
-  alias :=~ :satisfied_by?
+  alias_method :===, :satisfied_by?
+  alias_method :=~, :satisfied_by?
 
   ##
   # True if the requirement will not always match the latest version.
@@ -283,6 +284,11 @@ class Gem::Requirement
   def _tilde_requirements
     @_tilde_requirements ||= _sorted_requirements.select {|r| r.first == "~>" }
   end
+
+  def initialize_copy(other) # :nodoc:
+    @requirements = other.requirements.dup
+    super
+  end
 end
 
 class Gem::Version
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver.rb
index bf7d6d943b..115c716b6b 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "dependency"
 require_relative "exceptions"
 require_relative "util/list"
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ require_relative "util/list"
 # all the requirements.
 
 class Gem::Resolver
-  require_relative "resolver/molinillo"
+  require_relative "vendored_molinillo"
 
   ##
   # If the DEBUG_RESOLVER environment variable is set then debugging mode is
@@ -37,8 +38,6 @@ class Gem::Resolver
   ##
   # List of dependencies that could not be found in the configured sources.
 
-  attr_reader :missing
-
   attr_reader :stats
 
   ##
@@ -48,8 +47,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver
   attr_accessor :skip_gems
 
   ##
-  # When a missing dependency, don't stop. Just go on and record what was
-  # missing.
+  #
 
   attr_accessor :soft_missing
 
@@ -105,7 +103,6 @@ class Gem::Resolver
     @development         = false
     @development_shallow = false
     @ignore_dependencies = false
-    @missing             = []
     @skip_gems           = {}
     @soft_missing        = false
     @stats               = Gem::Resolver::Stats.new
@@ -114,7 +111,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver
   def explain(stage, *data) # :nodoc:
     return unless DEBUG_RESOLVER
 
-    d = data.map {|x| x.pretty_inspect }.join(", ")
+    d = data.map(&:pretty_inspect).join(", ")
     $stderr.printf "%10s %s\n", stage.to_s.upcase, d
   end
 
@@ -144,7 +141,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver
     activation_request =
       Gem::Resolver::ActivationRequest.new spec, dep, possible
 
-    return spec, activation_request
+    [spec, activation_request]
   end
 
   def requests(s, act, reqs=[]) # :nodoc:
@@ -170,7 +167,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver
     reqs
   end
 
-  include Molinillo::UI
+  include Gem::Molinillo::UI
 
   def output
     @output ||= debug? ? $stdout : File.open(IO::NULL, "w")
@@ -180,15 +177,14 @@ class Gem::Resolver
     DEBUG_RESOLVER
   end
 
-  include Molinillo::SpecificationProvider
+  include Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider
 
   ##
   # Proceed with resolution! Returns an array of ActivationRequest objects.
 
   def resolve
-    locking_dg = Molinillo::DependencyGraph.new
-    Molinillo::Resolver.new(self, self).resolve(@needed.map {|d| DependencyRequest.new d, nil }, locking_dg).tsort.map(&:payload).compact
-  rescue Molinillo::VersionConflict => e
+    Gem::Molinillo::Resolver.new(self, self).resolve(@needed.map {|d| DependencyRequest.new d, nil }).tsort.map(&:payload).compact
+  rescue Gem::Molinillo::VersionConflict => e
     conflict = e.conflicts.values.first
     raise Gem::DependencyResolutionError, Conflict.new(conflict.requirement_trees.first.first, conflict.existing, conflict.requirement)
   ensure
@@ -212,7 +208,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver
 
     matching_platform = select_local_platforms all
 
-    return matching_platform, all
+    [matching_platform, all]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -227,7 +223,6 @@ class Gem::Resolver
   def search_for(dependency)
     possibles, all = find_possible(dependency)
     if !@soft_missing && possibles.empty?
-      @missing << dependency
       exc = Gem::UnsatisfiableDependencyError.new dependency, all
       exc.errors = @set.errors
       raise exc
@@ -246,7 +241,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver
 
     sources.each do |source|
       groups[source].
-        sort_by {|spec| [spec.version, Gem::Platform.local =~ spec.platform ? 1 : 0] }.
+        sort_by {|spec| [spec.version, spec.platform =~ Gem::Platform.local ? 1 : 0] }. # rubocop:disable Performance/RegexpMatch
         map {|spec| ActivationRequest.new spec, dependency }.
         each {|activation_request| activation_requests << activation_request }
     end
@@ -274,7 +269,6 @@ class Gem::Resolver
   end
 
   def allow_missing?(dependency)
-    @missing << dependency
     @soft_missing
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/activation_request.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/activation_request.rb
index 27877e0f4b..fc9ff58f57 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/activation_request.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/activation_request.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Specifies a Specification object that should be activated.  Also contains a
 # dependency that was used to introduce this activation.
@@ -58,10 +59,8 @@ class Gem::Resolver::ActivationRequest
     if @spec.respond_to? :sources
       exception = nil
       path = @spec.sources.find do |source|
-        begin
-          source.download full_spec, path
-        rescue exception
-        end
+        source.download full_spec, path
+      rescue exception
       end
       return path      if path
       raise  exception if exception
@@ -93,9 +92,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::ActivationRequest
   end
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
-    "#<%s for %p from %s>" % [
-      self.class, @spec, @request
-    ]
+    format("#<%s for %p from %s>", self.class, @spec, @request)
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set.rb
index f2bef54a9c..3e4dadc40f 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The global rubygems pool, available via the rubygems.org API.
 # Returns instances of APISpecification.
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::APISet < Gem::Resolver::Set
   def initialize(dep_uri = "https://index.rubygems.org/info/")
     super()
 
-    dep_uri = URI dep_uri unless URI === dep_uri
+    dep_uri = Gem::URI dep_uri unless Gem::URI === dep_uri
 
     @dep_uri = dep_uri
     @uri     = dep_uri + ".."
@@ -75,7 +76,8 @@ class Gem::Resolver::APISet < Gem::Resolver::Set
   end
 
   def prefetch_now # :nodoc:
-    needed, @to_fetch = @to_fetch, []
+    needed = @to_fetch
+    @to_fetch = []
 
     needed.sort.each do |name|
       versions(name)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb
index 685c39558d..643b857107 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class Gem::Resolver::APISet::GemParser
+  EMPTY_ARRAY = [].freeze
+  private_constant :EMPTY_ARRAY
+
   def parse(line)
     version_and_platform, rest = line.split(" ", 2)
     version, platform = version_and_platform.split("-", 2)
-    dependencies, requirements = rest.split("|", 2).map {|s| s.split(",") } if rest
-    dependencies = dependencies ? dependencies.map {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : []
-    requirements = requirements ? requirements.map {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : []
+    dependencies, requirements = rest.split("|", 2).map! {|s| s.split(",") } if rest
+    dependencies = dependencies ? dependencies.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : EMPTY_ARRAY
+    requirements = requirements ? requirements.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : EMPTY_ARRAY
     [version, platform, dependencies, requirements]
   end
 
@@ -15,6 +18,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::APISet::GemParser
   def parse_dependency(string)
     dependency = string.split(":")
     dependency[-1] = dependency[-1].split("&") if dependency.size > 1
+    dependency[0] = -dependency[0]
     dependency
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_specification.rb
index 1e65d5e5a9..a14bcbfeb1 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Represents a specification retrieved via the rubygems.org API.
 #
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::APISpecification < Gem::Resolver::Specification
   # Creates an APISpecification for the given +set+ from the rubygems.org
   # +api_data+.
   #
-  # See https://guides.rubygems.org/rubygems-org-api/#misc_methods for the
+  # See https://guides.rubygems.org/rubygems-org-api/#misc-methods for the
   # format of the +api_data+.
 
   def initialize(set, api_data)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/best_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/best_set.rb
index 075ee1ef5c..a983f8c6b6 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/best_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/best_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The BestSet chooses the best available method to query a remote index.
 #
@@ -59,8 +60,8 @@ class Gem::Resolver::BestSet < Gem::Resolver::ComposedSet
 
   def replace_failed_api_set(error) # :nodoc:
     uri = error.original_uri
-    uri = URI uri unless URI === uri
-    uri = uri + "."
+    uri = Gem::URI uri unless Gem::URI === uri
+    uri += "."
 
     raise error unless api_set = @sets.find do |set|
       Gem::Resolver::APISet === set && set.dep_uri == uri
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/composed_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/composed_set.rb
index 226da1e1e0..8a714ad447 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/composed_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/composed_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A ComposedSet allows multiple sets to be queried like a single set.
 #
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::ComposedSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
   end
 
   def errors
-    @errors + @sets.map {|set| set.errors }.flatten
+    @errors + @sets.map(&:errors).flatten
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/conflict.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/conflict.rb
index aba6d73ea7..367a36b43d 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/conflict.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/conflict.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Used internally to indicate that a dependency conflicted
 # with a spec that would be activated.
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::Conflict
     activated   = @activated.spec.full_name
     dependency  = @failed_dep.dependency
     requirement = dependency.requirement
-    alternates  = dependency.matching_specs.map {|spec| spec.full_name }
+    alternates  = dependency.matching_specs.map(&:full_name)
 
     unless alternates.empty?
       matching = <<-MATCHING.chomp
@@ -63,10 +64,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::Conflict
     %s
       MATCHING
 
-      matching = matching % [
-        dependency,
-        alternates.join(", "),
-      ]
+      matching = format(matching, dependency, alternates.join(", "))
     end
 
     explanation = <<-EXPLANATION
@@ -81,12 +79,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::Conflict
 %s
     EXPLANATION
 
-    explanation % [
-      activated, requirement,
-      request_path(@activated).reverse.join(", depends on\n    "),
-      request_path(@failed_dep).reverse.join(", depends on\n    "),
-      matching
-    ]
+    format(explanation, activated, requirement, request_path(@activated).reverse.join(", depends on\n    "), request_path(@failed_dep).reverse.join(", depends on\n    "), matching)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -131,7 +124,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::Conflict
 
         current = current.parent
       when Gem::Resolver::DependencyRequest then
-        path << "#{current.dependency}"
+        path << current.dependency.to_s
 
         current = current.requester
       else
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/current_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/current_set.rb
index c3aa3a2c37..370e445089 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/current_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/current_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A set which represents the installed gems. Respects
 # all the normal settings that control where to look
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/dependency_request.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/dependency_request.rb
index 70a61cbc25..60b338277f 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/dependency_request.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/dependency_request.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Used Internally. Wraps a Dependency object to also track which spec
 # contained the Dependency.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_set.rb
index f010273a8f..89342ff80d 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A GitSet represents gems that are sourced from git repositories.
 #
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_specification.rb
index 6a178ea82e..e587c17d2a 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/git_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A GitSpecification represents a gem that is sourced from a git repository
 # and is being loaded through a gem dependencies file through the +git:+
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_set.rb
index 2344178314..0b4f376452 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The global rubygems pool represented via the traditional
 # source index.
@@ -43,10 +44,10 @@ class Gem::Resolver::IndexSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
     name = req.dependency.name
 
     @all[name].each do |uri, n|
-      if req.match? n, @prerelease
-        res << Gem::Resolver::IndexSpecification.new(
-          self, n.name, n.version, uri, n.platform)
-      end
+      next unless req.match? n, @prerelease
+      res << Gem::Resolver::IndexSpecification.new(
+        self, n.name, n.version, uri, n.platform
+      )
     end
 
     res
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_specification.rb
index 0fc758dfd3..7b95608071 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/index_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Represents a possible Specification object returned from IndexSet.  Used to
 # delay needed to download full Specification objects when only the +name+
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::IndexSpecification < Gem::Resolver::Specification
   end
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
-    "#<%s %s source %s>" % [self.class, full_name, @source]
+    format("#<%s %s source %s>", self.class, full_name, @source)
   end
 
   def pretty_print(q) # :nodoc:
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::IndexSpecification < Gem::Resolver::Specification
       q.breakable
       q.text full_name
 
-      unless Gem::Platform::RUBY == @platform
+      unless @platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
         q.breakable
         q.text @platform.to_s
       end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/installed_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/installed_specification.rb
index 8932e068be..8280ae4672 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/installed_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/installed_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # An InstalledSpecification represents a gem that is already installed
 # locally.
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::InstalledSpecification < Gem::Resolver::SpecSpecification
   def installable_platform?
     # BACKCOMPAT If the file is coming out of a specified file, then we
     # ignore the platform. This code can be removed in RG 3.0.
-    return true if @source.kind_of? Gem::Source::SpecificFile
+    return true if @source.is_a? Gem::Source::SpecificFile
 
     super
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/installer_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/installer_set.rb
index f663ce4ad5..d9fe36c589 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/installer_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/installer_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A set of gems for installation sourced from remote sources and local .gem
 # files
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::InstallerSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
 
     found = found.select do |s|
       Gem::Source::SpecificFile === s.source ||
-        Gem::Platform.match(s.platform)
+        Gem::Platform.match_spec?(s)
     end
 
     found = found.sort_by do |s|
@@ -147,6 +148,8 @@ class Gem::Resolver::InstallerSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
       res << Gem::Resolver::InstalledSpecification.new(self, gemspec)
     end unless @ignore_installed
 
+    matching_local = []
+
     if consider_local?
       matching_local = @local.values.select do |spec, _|
         req.match? spec
@@ -160,14 +163,15 @@ class Gem::Resolver::InstallerSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
         if local_spec = @local_source.find_gem(name, dep.requirement)
           res << Gem::Resolver::IndexSpecification.new(
             self, local_spec.name, local_spec.version,
-            @local_source, local_spec.platform)
+            @local_source, local_spec.platform
+          )
         end
       rescue Gem::Package::FormatError
         # ignore
       end
     end
 
-    res.concat @remote_set.find_all req if consider_remote?
+    res.concat @remote_set.find_all req if consider_remote? && matching_local.empty?
 
     res
   end
@@ -183,11 +187,9 @@ class Gem::Resolver::InstallerSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
   end
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
-    always_install = @always_install.map {|s| s.full_name }
+    always_install = @always_install.map(&:full_name)
 
-    "#<%s domain: %s specs: %p always install: %p>" % [
-      self.class, @domain, @specs.keys, always_install
-    ]
+    format("#<%s domain: %s specs: %p always install: %p>", self.class, @domain, @specs.keys, always_install)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -261,7 +263,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::InstallerSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
       unless rrgv.satisfied_by? Gem.rubygems_version
         rg_version = Gem::VERSION
         raise Gem::RuntimeRequirementNotMetError,
-          "#{spec.full_name} requires RubyGems version #{rrgv}. The current RubyGems version is #{rg_version}. " +
+          "#{spec.full_name} requires RubyGems version #{rrgv}. The current RubyGems version is #{rg_version}. " \
           "Try 'gem update --system' to update RubyGems itself."
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/local_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/local_specification.rb
index c27bab0f5a..b57d40e795 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/local_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/local_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A LocalSpecification comes from a .gem file on the local filesystem.
 
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::LocalSpecification < Gem::Resolver::SpecSpecification
   # Returns +true+ if this gem is installable for the current platform.
 
   def installable_platform?
-    return true if @source.kind_of? Gem::Source::SpecificFile
+    return true if @source.is_a? Gem::Source::SpecificFile
 
     super
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_set.rb
index b1a5433cb5..e5ee32a9a6 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A set of gems from a gem dependencies lockfile.
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::LockSet < Gem::Resolver::Set
       q.text "specs:"
 
       q.breakable
-      q.pp @specs.map {|spec| spec.full_name }
+      q.pp @specs.map(&:full_name)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_specification.rb
index 7de2a14658..06f912dd85 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/lock_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The LockSpecification comes from a lockfile (Gem::RequestSet::Lockfile).
 #
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index e154342571..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-require_relative "molinillo/lib/molinillo"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f67badbde7..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'molinillo/gem_metadata'
-require_relative 'molinillo/errors'
-require_relative 'molinillo/resolver'
-require_relative 'molinillo/modules/ui'
-require_relative 'molinillo/modules/specification_provider'
-
-# Gem::Resolver::Molinillo is a generic dependency resolution algorithm.
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d540d3baff..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # @!visibility private
-  module Delegates
-    # Delegates all {Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState} methods to a `#state` property.
-    module ResolutionState
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#name)
-      def name
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.name
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#requirements)
-      def requirements
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.requirements
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#activated)
-      def activated
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.activated
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#requirement)
-      def requirement
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.requirement
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#possibilities)
-      def possibilities
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.possibilities
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#depth)
-      def depth
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.depth
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#conflicts)
-      def conflicts
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.conflicts
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState#unused_unwind_options)
-      def unused_unwind_options
-        current_state = state || Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
-        current_state.unused_unwind_options
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index b765226fb0..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  module Delegates
-    # Delegates all {Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider} methods to a
-    # `#specification_provider` property.
-    module SpecificationProvider
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#search_for)
-      def search_for(dependency)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.search_for(dependency)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#dependencies_for)
-      def dependencies_for(specification)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.dependencies_for(specification)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#requirement_satisfied_by?)
-      def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#dependencies_equal?)
-      def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for)
-      def name_for(dependency)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.name_for(dependency)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for_explicit_dependency_source)
-      def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for_locking_dependency_source)
-      def name_for_locking_dependency_source
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.name_for_locking_dependency_source
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#sort_dependencies)
-      def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # (see Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#allow_missing?)
-      def allow_missing?(dependency)
-        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
-          specification_provider.allow_missing?(dependency)
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      # Ensures any raised {NoSuchDependencyError} has its
-      # {NoSuchDependencyError#required_by} set.
-      # @yield
-      def with_no_such_dependency_error_handling
-        yield
-      rescue NoSuchDependencyError => error
-        if state
-          vertex = activated.vertex_named(name_for(error.dependency))
-          error.required_by += vertex.incoming_edges.map { |e| e.origin.name }
-          error.required_by << name_for_explicit_dependency_source unless vertex.explicit_requirements.empty?
-        end
-        raise
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95f8416b96..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative '../../../../tsort'
-
-require_relative 'dependency_graph/log'
-require_relative 'dependency_graph/vertex'
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # A directed acyclic graph that is tuned to hold named dependencies
-  class DependencyGraph
-    include Enumerable
-
-    # Enumerates through the vertices of the graph.
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] The graph's vertices.
-    def each
-      return vertices.values.each unless block_given?
-      vertices.values.each { |v| yield v }
-    end
-
-    include Gem::TSort
-
-    # @!visibility private
-    alias tsort_each_node each
-
-    # @!visibility private
-    def tsort_each_child(vertex, &block)
-      vertex.successors.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    # Topologically sorts the given vertices.
-    # @param [Enumerable<Vertex>] vertices the vertices to be sorted, which must
-    #   all belong to the same graph.
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] The sorted vertices.
-    def self.tsort(vertices)
-      TSort.tsort(
-        lambda { |b| vertices.each(&b) },
-        lambda { |v, &b| (v.successors & vertices).each(&b) }
-      )
-    end
-
-    # A directed edge of a {DependencyGraph}
-    # @attr [Vertex] origin The origin of the directed edge
-    # @attr [Vertex] destination The destination of the directed edge
-    # @attr [Object] requirement The requirement the directed edge represents
-    Edge = Struct.new(:origin, :destination, :requirement)
-
-    # @return [{String => Vertex}] the vertices of the dependency graph, keyed
-    #   by {Vertex#name}
-    attr_reader :vertices
-
-    # @return [Log] the op log for this graph
-    attr_reader :log
-
-    # Initializes an empty dependency graph
-    def initialize
-      @vertices = {}
-      @log = Log.new
-    end
-
-    # Tags the current state of the dependency as the given tag
-    # @param  [Object] tag an opaque tag for the current state of the graph
-    # @return [Void]
-    def tag(tag)
-      log.tag(self, tag)
-    end
-
-    # Rewinds the graph to the state tagged as `tag`
-    # @param  [Object] tag the tag to rewind to
-    # @return [Void]
-    def rewind_to(tag)
-      log.rewind_to(self, tag)
-    end
-
-    # Initializes a copy of a {DependencyGraph}, ensuring that all {#vertices}
-    # are properly copied.
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] other the graph to copy.
-    def initialize_copy(other)
-      super
-      @vertices = {}
-      @log = other.log.dup
-      traverse = lambda do |new_v, old_v|
-        return if new_v.outgoing_edges.size == old_v.outgoing_edges.size
-        old_v.outgoing_edges.each do |edge|
-          destination = add_vertex(edge.destination.name, edge.destination.payload)
-          add_edge_no_circular(new_v, destination, edge.requirement)
-          traverse.call(destination, edge.destination)
-        end
-      end
-      other.vertices.each do |name, vertex|
-        new_vertex = add_vertex(name, vertex.payload, vertex.root?)
-        new_vertex.explicit_requirements.replace(vertex.explicit_requirements)
-        traverse.call(new_vertex, vertex)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # @return [String] a string suitable for debugging
-    def inspect
-      "#{self.class}:#{vertices.values.inspect}"
-    end
-
-    # @param [Hash] options options for dot output.
-    # @return [String] Returns a dot format representation of the graph
-    def to_dot(options = {})
-      edge_label = options.delete(:edge_label)
-      raise ArgumentError, "Unknown options: #{options.keys}" unless options.empty?
-
-      dot_vertices = []
-      dot_edges = []
-      vertices.each do |n, v|
-        dot_vertices << "  #{n} [label=\"{#{n}|#{v.payload}}\"]"
-        v.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
-          label = edge_label ? edge_label.call(e) : e.requirement
-          dot_edges << "  #{e.origin.name} -> #{e.destination.name} [label=#{label.to_s.dump}]"
-        end
-      end
-
-      dot_vertices.uniq!
-      dot_vertices.sort!
-      dot_edges.uniq!
-      dot_edges.sort!
-
-      dot = dot_vertices.unshift('digraph G {').push('') + dot_edges.push('}')
-      dot.join("\n")
-    end
-
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] other
-    # @return [Boolean] whether the two dependency graphs are equal, determined
-    #   by a recursive traversal of each {#root_vertices} and its
-    #   {Vertex#successors}
-    def ==(other)
-      return false unless other
-      return true if equal?(other)
-      vertices.each do |name, vertex|
-        other_vertex = other.vertex_named(name)
-        return false unless other_vertex
-        return false unless vertex.payload == other_vertex.payload
-        return false unless other_vertex.successors.to_set == vertex.successors.to_set
-      end
-    end
-
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @param [Object] payload
-    # @param [Array<String>] parent_names
-    # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that is requiring the child
-    # @return [void]
-    def add_child_vertex(name, payload, parent_names, requirement)
-      root = !parent_names.delete(nil) { true }
-      vertex = add_vertex(name, payload, root)
-      vertex.explicit_requirements << requirement if root
-      parent_names.each do |parent_name|
-        parent_vertex = vertex_named(parent_name)
-        add_edge(parent_vertex, vertex, requirement)
-      end
-      vertex
-    end
-
-    # Adds a vertex with the given name, or updates the existing one.
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @param [Object] payload
-    # @return [Vertex] the vertex that was added to `self`
-    def add_vertex(name, payload, root = false)
-      log.add_vertex(self, name, payload, root)
-    end
-
-    # Detaches the {#vertex_named} `name` {Vertex} from the graph, recursively
-    # removing any non-root vertices that were orphaned in the process
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices which have been detached
-    def detach_vertex_named(name)
-      log.detach_vertex_named(self, name)
-    end
-
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @return [Vertex,nil] the vertex with the given name
-    def vertex_named(name)
-      vertices[name]
-    end
-
-    # @param [String] name
-    # @return [Vertex,nil] the root vertex with the given name
-    def root_vertex_named(name)
-      vertex = vertex_named(name)
-      vertex if vertex && vertex.root?
-    end
-
-    # Adds a new {Edge} to the dependency graph
-    # @param [Vertex] origin
-    # @param [Vertex] destination
-    # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that this edge represents
-    # @return [Edge] the added edge
-    def add_edge(origin, destination, requirement)
-      if destination.path_to?(origin)
-        raise CircularDependencyError.new(path(destination, origin))
-      end
-      add_edge_no_circular(origin, destination, requirement)
-    end
-
-    # Deletes an {Edge} from the dependency graph
-    # @param [Edge] edge
-    # @return [Void]
-    def delete_edge(edge)
-      log.delete_edge(self, edge.origin.name, edge.destination.name, edge.requirement)
-    end
-
-    # Sets the payload of the vertex with the given name
-    # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
-    # @param [Object] payload the payload
-    # @return [Void]
-    def set_payload(name, payload)
-      log.set_payload(self, name, payload)
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    # Adds a new {Edge} to the dependency graph without checking for
-    # circularity.
-    # @param (see #add_edge)
-    # @return (see #add_edge)
-    def add_edge_no_circular(origin, destination, requirement)
-      log.add_edge_no_circular(self, origin.name, destination.name, requirement)
-    end
-
-    # Returns the path between two vertices
-    # @raise [ArgumentError] if there is no path between the vertices
-    # @param [Vertex] from
-    # @param [Vertex] to
-    # @return [Array<Vertex>] the shortest path from `from` to `to`
-    def path(from, to)
-      distances = Hash.new(vertices.size + 1)
-      distances[from.name] = 0
-      predecessors = {}
-      each do |vertex|
-        vertex.successors.each do |successor|
-          if distances[successor.name] > distances[vertex.name] + 1
-            distances[successor.name] = distances[vertex.name] + 1
-            predecessors[successor] = vertex
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      path = [to]
-      while before = predecessors[to]
-        path << before
-        to = before
-        break if to == from
-      end
-
-      unless path.last.equal?(from)
-        raise ArgumentError, "There is no path from #{from.name} to #{to.name}"
-      end
-
-      path.reverse
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index cc140031b3..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # An action that modifies a {DependencyGraph} that is reversible.
-    # @abstract
-    class Action
-      # rubocop:disable Lint/UnusedMethodArgument
-
-      # @return [Symbol] The name of the action.
-      def self.action_name
-        raise 'Abstract'
-      end
-
-      # Performs the action on the given graph.
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to perform the action on.
-      # @return [Void]
-      def up(graph)
-        raise 'Abstract'
-      end
-
-      # Reverses the action on the given graph.
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to reverse the action on.
-      # @return [Void]
-      def down(graph)
-        raise 'Abstract'
-      end
-
-      # @return [Action,Nil] The previous action
-      attr_accessor :previous
-
-      # @return [Action,Nil] The next action
-      attr_accessor :next
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5570483253..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # (see DependencyGraph#add_edge_no_circular)
-    class AddEdgeNoCircular < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :add_vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        edge.origin.outgoing_edges << edge
-        edge.destination.incoming_edges << edge
-        edge
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        delete_first(edge.origin.outgoing_edges, edge)
-        delete_first(edge.destination.incoming_edges, edge)
-      end
-
-      # @!group AddEdgeNoCircular
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the origin of the edge
-      attr_reader :origin
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the destination of the edge
-      attr_reader :destination
-
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that the edge represents
-      attr_reader :requirement
-
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to find vertices from
-      # @return [Edge] The edge this action adds
-      def make_edge(graph)
-        Edge.new(graph.vertex_named(origin), graph.vertex_named(destination), requirement)
-      end
-
-      # Initialize an action to add an edge to a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] origin the name of the origin of the edge
-      # @param [String] destination the name of the destination of the edge
-      # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that the edge represents
-      def initialize(origin, destination, requirement)
-        @origin = origin
-        @destination = destination
-        @requirement = requirement
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def delete_first(array, item)
-        return unless index = array.index(item)
-        array.delete_at(index)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f1411d5efa..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # (see DependencyGraph#add_vertex)
-    class AddVertex < Action # :nodoc:
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :add_vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        if existing = graph.vertices[name]
-          @existing_payload = existing.payload
-          @existing_root = existing.root
-        end
-        vertex = existing || Vertex.new(name, payload)
-        graph.vertices[vertex.name] = vertex
-        vertex.payload ||= payload
-        vertex.root ||= root
-        vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        if defined?(@existing_payload)
-          vertex = graph.vertices[name]
-          vertex.payload = @existing_payload
-          vertex.root = @existing_root
-        else
-          graph.vertices.delete(name)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @!group AddVertex
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # @return [Object] the payload for the vertex
-      attr_reader :payload
-
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the vertex is root or not
-      attr_reader :root
-
-      # Initialize an action to add a vertex to a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
-      # @param [Object] payload the payload for the vertex
-      # @param [Boolean] root whether the vertex is root or not
-      def initialize(name, payload, root)
-        @name = name
-        @payload = payload
-        @root = root
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b48d77a50..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # (see DependencyGraph#delete_edge)
-    class DeleteEdge < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :delete_edge
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        edge.origin.outgoing_edges.delete(edge)
-        edge.destination.incoming_edges.delete(edge)
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        edge = make_edge(graph)
-        edge.origin.outgoing_edges << edge
-        edge.destination.incoming_edges << edge
-        edge
-      end
-
-      # @!group DeleteEdge
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the origin of the edge
-      attr_reader :origin_name
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the destination of the edge
-      attr_reader :destination_name
-
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that the edge represents
-      attr_reader :requirement
-
-      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to find vertices from
-      # @return [Edge] The edge this action adds
-      def make_edge(graph)
-        Edge.new(
-          graph.vertex_named(origin_name),
-          graph.vertex_named(destination_name),
-          requirement
-        )
-      end
-
-      # Initialize an action to add an edge to a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] origin_name the name of the origin of the edge
-      # @param [String] destination_name the name of the destination of the edge
-      # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that the edge represents
-      def initialize(origin_name, destination_name, requirement)
-        @origin_name = origin_name
-        @destination_name = destination_name
-        @requirement = requirement
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 92f60d5be8..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # @see DependencyGraph#detach_vertex_named
-    class DetachVertexNamed < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action#name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :add_vertex
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        return [] unless @vertex = graph.vertices.delete(name)
-
-        removed_vertices = [@vertex]
-        @vertex.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
-          v = e.destination
-          v.incoming_edges.delete(e)
-          if !v.root? && v.incoming_edges.empty?
-            removed_vertices.concat graph.detach_vertex_named(v.name)
-          end
-        end
-
-        @vertex.incoming_edges.each do |e|
-          v = e.origin
-          v.outgoing_edges.delete(e)
-        end
-
-        removed_vertices
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        return unless @vertex
-        graph.vertices[@vertex.name] = @vertex
-        @vertex.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
-          e.destination.incoming_edges << e
-        end
-        @vertex.incoming_edges.each do |e|
-          e.origin.outgoing_edges << e
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @!group DetachVertexNamed
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex to detach
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # Initialize an action to detach a vertex from a dependency graph
-      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex to detach
-      def initialize(name)
-        @name = name
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7aeb8847ec..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'add_edge_no_circular'
-require_relative 'add_vertex'
-require_relative 'delete_edge'
-require_relative 'detach_vertex_named'
-require_relative 'set_payload'
-require_relative 'tag'
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # A log for dependency graph actions
-    class Log
-      # Initializes an empty log
-      def initialize
-        @current_action = @first_action = nil
-      end
-
-      # @!macro [new] action
-      #   {include:DependencyGraph#$0}
-      #   @param [Graph] graph the graph to perform the action on
-      #   @param (see DependencyGraph#$0)
-      #   @return (see DependencyGraph#$0)
-
-      # @macro action
-      def tag(graph, tag)
-        push_action(graph, Tag.new(tag))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def add_vertex(graph, name, payload, root)
-        push_action(graph, AddVertex.new(name, payload, root))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def detach_vertex_named(graph, name)
-        push_action(graph, DetachVertexNamed.new(name))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def add_edge_no_circular(graph, origin, destination, requirement)
-        push_action(graph, AddEdgeNoCircular.new(origin, destination, requirement))
-      end
-
-      # {include:DependencyGraph#delete_edge}
-      # @param [Graph] graph the graph to perform the action on
-      # @param [String] origin_name
-      # @param [String] destination_name
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return (see DependencyGraph#delete_edge)
-      def delete_edge(graph, origin_name, destination_name, requirement)
-        push_action(graph, DeleteEdge.new(origin_name, destination_name, requirement))
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def set_payload(graph, name, payload)
-        push_action(graph, SetPayload.new(name, payload))
-      end
-
-      # Pops the most recent action from the log and undoes the action
-      # @param [DependencyGraph] graph
-      # @return [Action] the action that was popped off the log
-      def pop!(graph)
-        return unless action = @current_action
-        unless @current_action = action.previous
-          @first_action = nil
-        end
-        action.down(graph)
-        action
-      end
-
-      extend Enumerable
-
-      # @!visibility private
-      # Enumerates each action in the log
-      # @yield [Action]
-      def each
-        return enum_for unless block_given?
-        action = @first_action
-        loop do
-          break unless action
-          yield action
-          action = action.next
-        end
-        self
-      end
-
-      # @!visibility private
-      # Enumerates each action in the log in reverse order
-      # @yield [Action]
-      def reverse_each
-        return enum_for(:reverse_each) unless block_given?
-        action = @current_action
-        loop do
-          break unless action
-          yield action
-          action = action.previous
-        end
-        self
-      end
-
-      # @macro action
-      def rewind_to(graph, tag)
-        loop do
-          action = pop!(graph)
-          raise "No tag #{tag.inspect} found" unless action
-          break if action.class.action_name == :tag && action.tag == tag
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      # Adds the given action to the log, running the action
-      # @param [DependencyGraph] graph
-      # @param [Action] action
-      # @return The value returned by `action.up`
-      def push_action(graph, action)
-        action.previous = @current_action
-        @current_action.next = action if @current_action
-        @current_action = action
-        @first_action ||= action
-        action.up(graph)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 726292a2c3..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # @see DependencyGraph#set_payload
-    class SetPayload < Action # :nodoc:
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :set_payload
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-        vertex = graph.vertex_named(name)
-        @old_payload = vertex.payload
-        vertex.payload = payload
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-        graph.vertex_named(name).payload = @old_payload
-      end
-
-      # @!group SetPayload
-
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # @return [Object] the payload for the vertex
-      attr_reader :payload
-
-      # Initialize an action to add set the payload for a vertex in a dependency
-      # graph
-      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
-      # @param [Object] payload the payload for the vertex
-      def initialize(name, payload)
-        @name = name
-        @payload = payload
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index bfe6fd31f8..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'action'
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # @!visibility private
-    # @see DependencyGraph#tag
-    class Tag < Action
-      # @!group Action
-
-      # (see Action.action_name)
-      def self.action_name
-        :tag
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#up)
-      def up(graph)
-      end
-
-      # (see Action#down)
-      def down(graph)
-      end
-
-      # @!group Tag
-
-      # @return [Object] An opaque tag
-      attr_reader :tag
-
-      # Initialize an action to tag a state of a dependency graph
-      # @param [Object] tag an opaque tag
-      def initialize(tag)
-        @tag = tag
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 77114951b2..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class DependencyGraph
-    # A vertex in a {DependencyGraph} that encapsulates a {#name} and a
-    # {#payload}
-    class Vertex
-      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
-      attr_accessor :name
-
-      # @return [Object] the payload the vertex holds
-      attr_accessor :payload
-
-      # @return [Array<Object>] the explicit requirements that required
-      #   this vertex
-      attr_reader :explicit_requirements
-
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the vertex is considered a root vertex
-      attr_accessor :root
-      alias root? root
-
-      # Initializes a vertex with the given name and payload.
-      # @param [String] name see {#name}
-      # @param [Object] payload see {#payload}
-      def initialize(name, payload)
-        @name = name.frozen? ? name : name.dup.freeze
-        @payload = payload
-        @explicit_requirements = []
-        @outgoing_edges = []
-        @incoming_edges = []
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array<Object>] all of the requirements that required
-      #   this vertex
-      def requirements
-        (incoming_edges.map(&:requirement) + explicit_requirements).uniq
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array<Edge>] the edges of {#graph} that have `self` as their
-      #   {Edge#origin}
-      attr_accessor :outgoing_edges
-
-      # @return [Array<Edge>] the edges of {#graph} that have `self` as their
-      #   {Edge#destination}
-      attr_accessor :incoming_edges
-
-      # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} that have an edge with
-      #   `self` as their {Edge#destination}
-      def predecessors
-        incoming_edges.map(&:origin)
-      end
-
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is a
-      #   {#descendent?}
-      def recursive_predecessors
-        _recursive_predecessors
-      end
-
-      # @param [Set<Vertex>] vertices the set to add the predecessors to
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is a
-      #   {#descendent?}
-      def _recursive_predecessors(vertices = new_vertex_set)
-        incoming_edges.each do |edge|
-          vertex = edge.origin
-          next unless vertices.add?(vertex)
-          vertex._recursive_predecessors(vertices)
-        end
-
-        vertices
-      end
-      protected :_recursive_predecessors
-
-      # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} that have an edge with
-      #   `self` as their {Edge#origin}
-      def successors
-        outgoing_edges.map(&:destination)
-      end
-
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is an
-      #   {#ancestor?}
-      def recursive_successors
-        _recursive_successors
-      end
-
-      # @param [Set<Vertex>] vertices the set to add the successors to
-      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is an
-      #   {#ancestor?}
-      def _recursive_successors(vertices = new_vertex_set)
-        outgoing_edges.each do |edge|
-          vertex = edge.destination
-          next unless vertices.add?(vertex)
-          vertex._recursive_successors(vertices)
-        end
-
-        vertices
-      end
-      protected :_recursive_successors
-
-      # @return [String] a string suitable for debugging
-      def inspect
-        "#{self.class}:#{name}(#{payload.inspect})"
-      end
-
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the two vertices are equal, determined
-      #   by a recursive traversal of each {Vertex#successors}
-      def ==(other)
-        return true if equal?(other)
-        shallow_eql?(other) &&
-          successors.to_set == other.successors.to_set
-      end
-
-      # @param  [Vertex] other the other vertex to compare to
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the two vertices are equal, determined
-      #   solely by {#name} and {#payload} equality
-      def shallow_eql?(other)
-        return true if equal?(other)
-        other &&
-          name == other.name &&
-          payload == other.payload
-      end
-
-      alias eql? ==
-
-      # @return [Fixnum] a hash for the vertex based upon its {#name}
-      def hash
-        name.hash
-      end
-
-      # Is there a path from `self` to `other` following edges in the
-      # dependency graph?
-      # @return whether there is a path following edges within this {#graph}
-      def path_to?(other)
-        _path_to?(other)
-      end
-
-      alias descendent? path_to?
-
-      # @param [Vertex] other the vertex to check if there's a path to
-      # @param [Set<Vertex>] visited the vertices of {#graph} that have been visited
-      # @return [Boolean] whether there is a path to `other` from `self`
-      def _path_to?(other, visited = new_vertex_set)
-        return false unless visited.add?(self)
-        return true if equal?(other)
-        successors.any? { |v| v._path_to?(other, visited) }
-      end
-      protected :_path_to?
-
-      # Is there a path from `other` to `self` following edges in the
-      # dependency graph?
-      # @return whether there is a path following edges within this {#graph}
-      def ancestor?(other)
-        other.path_to?(self)
-      end
-
-      alias is_reachable_from? ancestor?
-
-      def new_vertex_set
-        require 'set'
-        Set.new
-      end
-      private :new_vertex_set
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index ada03a901c..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # An error that occurred during the resolution process
-  class ResolverError < StandardError; end
-
-  # An error caused by searching for a dependency that is completely unknown,
-  # i.e. has no versions available whatsoever.
-  class NoSuchDependencyError < ResolverError
-    # @return [Object] the dependency that could not be found
-    attr_accessor :dependency
-
-    # @return [Array<Object>] the specifications that depended upon {#dependency}
-    attr_accessor :required_by
-
-    # Initializes a new error with the given missing dependency.
-    # @param [Object] dependency @see {#dependency}
-    # @param [Array<Object>] required_by @see {#required_by}
-    def initialize(dependency, required_by = [])
-      @dependency = dependency
-      @required_by = required_by.uniq
-      super()
-    end
-
-    # The error message for the missing dependency, including the specifications
-    # that had this dependency.
-    def message
-      sources = required_by.map { |r| "`#{r}`" }.join(' and ')
-      message = "Unable to find a specification for `#{dependency}`"
-      message += " depended upon by #{sources}" unless sources.empty?
-      message
-    end
-  end
-
-  # An error caused by attempting to fulfil a dependency that was circular
-  #
-  # @note This exception will be thrown if and only if a {Vertex} is added to a
-  #   {DependencyGraph} that has a {DependencyGraph::Vertex#path_to?} an
-  #   existing {DependencyGraph::Vertex}
-  class CircularDependencyError < ResolverError
-    # [Set<Object>] the dependencies responsible for causing the error
-    attr_reader :dependencies
-
-    # Initializes a new error with the given circular vertices.
-    # @param [Array<DependencyGraph::Vertex>] vertices the vertices in the dependency
-    #   that caused the error
-    def initialize(vertices)
-      super "There is a circular dependency between #{vertices.map(&:name).join(' and ')}"
-      @dependencies = vertices.map { |vertex| vertex.payload.possibilities.last }.to_set
-    end
-  end
-
-  # An error caused by conflicts in version
-  class VersionConflict < ResolverError
-    # @return [{String => Resolution::Conflict}] the conflicts that caused
-    #   resolution to fail
-    attr_reader :conflicts
-
-    # @return [SpecificationProvider] the specification provider used during
-    #   resolution
-    attr_reader :specification_provider
-
-    # Initializes a new error with the given version conflicts.
-    # @param [{String => Resolution::Conflict}] conflicts see {#conflicts}
-    # @param [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider see {#specification_provider}
-    def initialize(conflicts, specification_provider)
-      pairs = []
-      conflicts.values.flat_map(&:requirements).each do |conflicting|
-        conflicting.each do |source, conflict_requirements|
-          conflict_requirements.each do |c|
-            pairs << [c, source]
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      super "Unable to satisfy the following requirements:\n\n" \
-        "#{pairs.map { |r, d| "- `#{r}` required by `#{d}`" }.join("\n")}"
-
-      @conflicts = conflicts
-      @specification_provider = specification_provider
-    end
-
-    require_relative 'delegates/specification_provider'
-    include Delegates::SpecificationProvider
-
-    # @return [String] An error message that includes requirement trees,
-    #   which is much more detailed & customizable than the default message
-    # @param [Hash] opts the options to create a message with.
-    # @option opts [String] :solver_name The user-facing name of the solver
-    # @option opts [String] :possibility_type The generic name of a possibility
-    # @option opts [Proc] :reduce_trees A proc that reduced the list of requirement trees
-    # @option opts [Proc] :printable_requirement A proc that pretty-prints requirements
-    # @option opts [Proc] :additional_message_for_conflict A proc that appends additional
-    #   messages for each conflict
-    # @option opts [Proc] :version_for_spec A proc that returns the version number for a
-    #   possibility
-    def message_with_trees(opts = {})
-      solver_name = opts.delete(:solver_name) { self.class.name.split('::').first }
-      possibility_type = opts.delete(:possibility_type) { 'possibility named' }
-      reduce_trees = opts.delete(:reduce_trees) { proc { |trees| trees.uniq.sort_by(&:to_s) } }
-      printable_requirement = opts.delete(:printable_requirement) { proc { |req| req.to_s } }
-      additional_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:additional_message_for_conflict) { proc {} }
-      version_for_spec = opts.delete(:version_for_spec) { proc(&:to_s) }
-      incompatible_version_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:incompatible_version_message_for_conflict) do
-        proc do |name, _conflict|
-          %(#{solver_name} could not find compatible versions for #{possibility_type} "#{name}":)
-        end
-      end
-
-      conflicts.sort.reduce(''.dup) do |o, (name, conflict)|
-        o << "\n" << incompatible_version_message_for_conflict.call(name, conflict) << "\n"
-        if conflict.locked_requirement
-          o << %(  In snapshot (#{name_for_locking_dependency_source}):\n)
-          o << %(    #{printable_requirement.call(conflict.locked_requirement)}\n)
-          o << %(\n)
-        end
-        o << %(  In #{name_for_explicit_dependency_source}:\n)
-        trees = reduce_trees.call(conflict.requirement_trees)
-
-        o << trees.map do |tree|
-          t = ''.dup
-          depth = 2
-          tree.each do |req|
-            t << '  ' * depth << printable_requirement.call(req)
-            unless tree.last == req
-              if spec = conflict.activated_by_name[name_for(req)]
-                t << %( was resolved to #{version_for_spec.call(spec)}, which)
-              end
-              t << %( depends on)
-            end
-            t << %(\n)
-            depth += 1
-          end
-          t
-        end.join("\n")
-
-        additional_message_for_conflict.call(o, name, conflict)
-
-        o
-      end.strip
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6b5ada7ade..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # The version of Gem::Resolver::Molinillo.
-  VERSION = '0.7.0'.freeze
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1067bf7439..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # Provides information about specifications and dependencies to the resolver,
-  # allowing the {Resolver} class to remain generic while still providing power
-  # and flexibility.
-  #
-  # This module contains the methods that users of Gem::Resolver::Molinillo must to implement,
-  # using knowledge of their own model classes.
-  module SpecificationProvider
-    # Search for the specifications that match the given dependency.
-    # The specifications in the returned array will be considered in reverse
-    # order, so the latest version ought to be last.
-    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
-    #   only on the `dependency` parameter.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] dependency
-    # @return [Array<Object>] the specifications that satisfy the given
-    #   `dependency`.
-    def search_for(dependency)
-      []
-    end
-
-    # Returns the dependencies of `specification`.
-    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
-    #   only on the `specification` parameter.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] specification
-    # @return [Array<Object>] the dependencies that are required by the given
-    #   `specification`.
-    def dependencies_for(specification)
-      []
-    end
-
-    # Determines whether the given `requirement` is satisfied by the given
-    # `spec`, in the context of the current `activated` dependency graph.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] requirement
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] activated the current dependency graph in the
-    #   resolution process.
-    # @param [Object] spec
-    # @return [Boolean] whether `requirement` is satisfied by `spec` in the
-    #   context of the current `activated` dependency graph.
-    def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
-      true
-    end
-
-    # Determines whether two arrays of dependencies are equal, and thus can be
-    # grouped.
-    #
-    # @param [Array<Object>] dependencies
-    # @param [Array<Object>] other_dependencies
-    # @return [Boolean] whether `dependencies` and `other_dependencies` should
-    #   be considered equal.
-    def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
-      dependencies == other_dependencies
-    end
-
-    # Returns the name for the given `dependency`.
-    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
-    #   only on the `dependency` parameter.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] dependency
-    # @return [String] the name for the given `dependency`.
-    def name_for(dependency)
-      dependency.to_s
-    end
-
-    # @return [String] the name of the source of explicit dependencies, i.e.
-    #   those passed to {Resolver#resolve} directly.
-    def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
-      'user-specified dependency'
-    end
-
-    # @return [String] the name of the source of 'locked' dependencies, i.e.
-    #   those passed to {Resolver#resolve} directly as the `base`
-    def name_for_locking_dependency_source
-      'Lockfile'
-    end
-
-    # Sort dependencies so that the ones that are easiest to resolve are first.
-    # Easiest to resolve is (usually) defined by:
-    #   1) Is this dependency already activated?
-    #   2) How relaxed are the requirements?
-    #   3) Are there any conflicts for this dependency?
-    #   4) How many possibilities are there to satisfy this dependency?
-    #
-    # @param [Array<Object>] dependencies
-    # @param [DependencyGraph] activated the current dependency graph in the
-    #   resolution process.
-    # @param [{String => Array<Conflict>}] conflicts
-    # @return [Array<Object>] a sorted copy of `dependencies`.
-    def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
-      dependencies.sort_by do |dependency|
-        name = name_for(dependency)
-        [
-          activated.vertex_named(name).payload ? 0 : 1,
-          conflicts[name] ? 0 : 1,
-        ]
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Returns whether this dependency, which has no possible matching
-    # specifications, can safely be ignored.
-    #
-    # @param [Object] dependency
-    # @return [Boolean] whether this dependency can safely be skipped.
-    def allow_missing?(dependency)
-      false
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index a810fd519c..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # Conveys information about the resolution process to a user.
-  module UI
-    # The {IO} object that should be used to print output. `STDOUT`, by default.
-    #
-    # @return [IO]
-    def output
-      STDOUT
-    end
-
-    # Called roughly every {#progress_rate}, this method should convey progress
-    # to the user.
-    #
-    # @return [void]
-    def indicate_progress
-      output.print '.' unless debug?
-    end
-
-    # How often progress should be conveyed to the user via
-    # {#indicate_progress}, in seconds. A third of a second, by default.
-    #
-    # @return [Float]
-    def progress_rate
-      0.33
-    end
-
-    # Called before resolution begins.
-    #
-    # @return [void]
-    def before_resolution
-      output.print 'Resolving dependencies...'
-    end
-
-    # Called after resolution ends (either successfully or with an error).
-    # By default, prints a newline.
-    #
-    # @return [void]
-    def after_resolution
-      output.puts
-    end
-
-    # Conveys debug information to the user.
-    #
-    # @param [Integer] depth the current depth of the resolution process.
-    # @return [void]
-    def debug(depth = 0)
-      if debug?
-        debug_info = yield
-        debug_info = debug_info.inspect unless debug_info.is_a?(String)
-        debug_info = debug_info.split("\n").map { |s| ":#{depth.to_s.rjust 4}: #{s}" }
-        output.puts debug_info
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Whether or not debug messages should be printed.
-    # By default, whether or not the `MOLINILLO_DEBUG` environment variable is
-    # set.
-    #
-    # @return [Boolean]
-    def debug?
-      return @debug_mode if defined?(@debug_mode)
-      @debug_mode = ENV['MOLINILLO_DEBUG']
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8b40e59e42..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,839 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  class Resolver
-    # A specific resolution from a given {Resolver}
-    class Resolution
-      # A conflict that the resolution process encountered
-      # @attr [Object] requirement the requirement that immediately led to the conflict
-      # @attr [{String,Nil=>[Object]}] requirements the requirements that caused the conflict
-      # @attr [Object, nil] existing the existing spec that was in conflict with
-      #   the {#possibility}
-      # @attr [Object] possibility_set the set of specs that was unable to be
-      #   activated due to a conflict.
-      # @attr [Object] locked_requirement the relevant locking requirement.
-      # @attr [Array<Array<Object>>] requirement_trees the different requirement
-      #   trees that led to every requirement for the conflicting name.
-      # @attr [{String=>Object}] activated_by_name the already-activated specs.
-      # @attr [Object] underlying_error an error that has occurred during resolution, and
-      #    will be raised at the end of it if no resolution is found.
-      Conflict = Struct.new(
-        :requirement,
-        :requirements,
-        :existing,
-        :possibility_set,
-        :locked_requirement,
-        :requirement_trees,
-        :activated_by_name,
-        :underlying_error
-      )
-
-      class Conflict
-        # @return [Object] a spec that was unable to be activated due to a conflict
-        def possibility
-          possibility_set && possibility_set.latest_version
-        end
-      end
-
-      # A collection of possibility states that share the same dependencies
-      # @attr [Array] dependencies the dependencies for this set of possibilities
-      # @attr [Array] possibilities the possibilities
-      PossibilitySet = Struct.new(:dependencies, :possibilities)
-
-      class PossibilitySet
-        # String representation of the possibility set, for debugging
-        def to_s
-          "[#{possibilities.join(', ')}]"
-        end
-
-        # @return [Object] most up-to-date dependency in the possibility set
-        def latest_version
-          possibilities.last
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Details of the state to unwind to when a conflict occurs, and the cause of the unwind
-      # @attr [Integer] state_index the index of the state to unwind to
-      # @attr [Object] state_requirement the requirement of the state we're unwinding to
-      # @attr [Array] requirement_tree for the requirement we're relaxing
-      # @attr [Array] conflicting_requirements the requirements that combined to cause the conflict
-      # @attr [Array] requirement_trees for the conflict
-      # @attr [Array] requirements_unwound_to_instead array of unwind requirements that were chosen over this unwind
-      UnwindDetails = Struct.new(
-        :state_index,
-        :state_requirement,
-        :requirement_tree,
-        :conflicting_requirements,
-        :requirement_trees,
-        :requirements_unwound_to_instead
-      )
-
-      class UnwindDetails
-        include Comparable
-
-        # We compare UnwindDetails when choosing which state to unwind to. If
-        # two options have the same state_index we prefer the one most
-        # removed from a requirement that caused the conflict. Both options
-        # would unwind to the same state, but a `grandparent` option will
-        # filter out fewer of its possibilities after doing so - where a state
-        # is both a `parent` and a `grandparent` to requirements that have
-        # caused a conflict this is the correct behaviour.
-        # @param [UnwindDetail] other UnwindDetail to be compared
-        # @return [Integer] integer specifying ordering
-        def <=>(other)
-          if state_index > other.state_index
-            1
-          elsif state_index == other.state_index
-            reversed_requirement_tree_index <=> other.reversed_requirement_tree_index
-          else
-            -1
-          end
-        end
-
-        # @return [Integer] index of state requirement in reversed requirement tree
-        #    (the conflicting requirement itself will be at position 0)
-        def reversed_requirement_tree_index
-          @reversed_requirement_tree_index ||=
-            if state_requirement
-              requirement_tree.reverse.index(state_requirement)
-            else
-              999_999
-            end
-        end
-
-        # @return [Boolean] where the requirement of the state we're unwinding
-        #    to directly caused the conflict. Note: in this case, it is
-        #    impossible for the state we're unwinding to to be a parent of
-        #    any of the other conflicting requirements (or we would have
-        #    circularity)
-        def unwinding_to_primary_requirement?
-          requirement_tree.last == state_requirement
-        end
-
-        # @return [Array] array of sub-dependencies to avoid when choosing a
-        #    new possibility for the state we've unwound to. Only relevant for
-        #    non-primary unwinds
-        def sub_dependencies_to_avoid
-          @requirements_to_avoid ||=
-            requirement_trees.map do |tree|
-              index = tree.index(state_requirement)
-              tree[index + 1] if index
-            end.compact
-        end
-
-        # @return [Array] array of all the requirements that led to the need for
-        #    this unwind
-        def all_requirements
-          @all_requirements ||= requirement_trees.flatten(1)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @return [SpecificationProvider] the provider that knows about
-      #   dependencies, requirements, specifications, versions, etc.
-      attr_reader :specification_provider
-
-      # @return [UI] the UI that knows how to communicate feedback about the
-      #   resolution process back to the user
-      attr_reader :resolver_ui
-
-      # @return [DependencyGraph] the base dependency graph to which
-      #   dependencies should be 'locked'
-      attr_reader :base
-
-      # @return [Array] the dependencies that were explicitly required
-      attr_reader :original_requested
-
-      # Initializes a new resolution.
-      # @param [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider
-      #   see {#specification_provider}
-      # @param [UI] resolver_ui see {#resolver_ui}
-      # @param [Array] requested see {#original_requested}
-      # @param [DependencyGraph] base see {#base}
-      def initialize(specification_provider, resolver_ui, requested, base)
-        @specification_provider = specification_provider
-        @resolver_ui = resolver_ui
-        @original_requested = requested
-        @base = base
-        @states = []
-        @iteration_counter = 0
-        @parents_of = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
-      end
-
-      # Resolves the {#original_requested} dependencies into a full dependency
-      #   graph
-      # @raise [ResolverError] if successful resolution is impossible
-      # @return [DependencyGraph] the dependency graph of successfully resolved
-      #   dependencies
-      def resolve
-        start_resolution
-
-        while state
-          break if !state.requirement && state.requirements.empty?
-          indicate_progress
-          if state.respond_to?(:pop_possibility_state) # DependencyState
-            debug(depth) { "Creating possibility state for #{requirement} (#{possibilities.count} remaining)" }
-            state.pop_possibility_state.tap do |s|
-              if s
-                states.push(s)
-                activated.tag(s)
-              end
-            end
-          end
-          process_topmost_state
-        end
-
-        resolve_activated_specs
-      ensure
-        end_resolution
-      end
-
-      # @return [Integer] the number of resolver iterations in between calls to
-      #   {#resolver_ui}'s {UI#indicate_progress} method
-      attr_accessor :iteration_rate
-      private :iteration_rate
-
-      # @return [Time] the time at which resolution began
-      attr_accessor :started_at
-      private :started_at
-
-      # @return [Array<ResolutionState>] the stack of states for the resolution
-      attr_accessor :states
-      private :states
-
-      private
-
-      # Sets up the resolution process
-      # @return [void]
-      def start_resolution
-        @started_at = Time.now
-
-        push_initial_state
-
-        debug { "Starting resolution (#{@started_at})\nUser-requested dependencies: #{original_requested}" }
-        resolver_ui.before_resolution
-      end
-
-      def resolve_activated_specs
-        activated.vertices.each do |_, vertex|
-          next unless vertex.payload
-
-          latest_version = vertex.payload.possibilities.reverse_each.find do |possibility|
-            vertex.requirements.all? { |req| requirement_satisfied_by?(req, activated, possibility) }
-          end
-
-          activated.set_payload(vertex.name, latest_version)
-        end
-        activated.freeze
-      end
-
-      # Ends the resolution process
-      # @return [void]
-      def end_resolution
-        resolver_ui.after_resolution
-        debug do
-          "Finished resolution (#{@iteration_counter} steps) " \
-          "(Took #{(ended_at = Time.now) - @started_at} seconds) (#{ended_at})"
-        end
-        debug { 'Unactivated: ' + Hash[activated.vertices.reject { |_n, v| v.payload }].keys.join(', ') } if state
-        debug { 'Activated: ' + Hash[activated.vertices.select { |_n, v| v.payload }].keys.join(', ') } if state
-      end
-
-      require_relative 'state'
-      require_relative 'modules/specification_provider'
-
-      require_relative 'delegates/resolution_state'
-      require_relative 'delegates/specification_provider'
-
-      include Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::Delegates::ResolutionState
-      include Gem::Resolver::Molinillo::Delegates::SpecificationProvider
-
-      # Processes the topmost available {RequirementState} on the stack
-      # @return [void]
-      def process_topmost_state
-        if possibility
-          attempt_to_activate
-        else
-          create_conflict
-          unwind_for_conflict
-        end
-      rescue CircularDependencyError => underlying_error
-        create_conflict(underlying_error)
-        unwind_for_conflict
-      end
-
-      # @return [Object] the current possibility that the resolution is trying
-      #   to activate
-      def possibility
-        possibilities.last
-      end
-
-      # @return [RequirementState] the current state the resolution is
-      #   operating upon
-      def state
-        states.last
-      end
-
-      # Creates and pushes the initial state for the resolution, based upon the
-      # {#requested} dependencies
-      # @return [void]
-      def push_initial_state
-        graph = DependencyGraph.new.tap do |dg|
-          original_requested.each do |requested|
-            vertex = dg.add_vertex(name_for(requested), nil, true)
-            vertex.explicit_requirements << requested
-          end
-          dg.tag(:initial_state)
-        end
-
-        push_state_for_requirements(original_requested, true, graph)
-      end
-
-      # Unwinds the states stack because a conflict has been encountered
-      # @return [void]
-      def unwind_for_conflict
-        details_for_unwind = build_details_for_unwind
-        unwind_options = unused_unwind_options
-        debug(depth) { "Unwinding for conflict: #{requirement} to #{details_for_unwind.state_index / 2}" }
-        conflicts.tap do |c|
-          sliced_states = states.slice!((details_for_unwind.state_index + 1)..-1)
-          raise_error_unless_state(c)
-          activated.rewind_to(sliced_states.first || :initial_state) if sliced_states
-          state.conflicts = c
-          state.unused_unwind_options = unwind_options
-          filter_possibilities_after_unwind(details_for_unwind)
-          index = states.size - 1
-          @parents_of.each { |_, a| a.reject! { |i| i >= index } }
-          state.unused_unwind_options.reject! { |uw| uw.state_index >= index }
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Raises a VersionConflict error, or any underlying error, if there is no
-      # current state
-      # @return [void]
-      def raise_error_unless_state(conflicts)
-        return if state
-
-        error = conflicts.values.map(&:underlying_error).compact.first
-        raise error || VersionConflict.new(conflicts, specification_provider)
-      end
-
-      # @return [UnwindDetails] Details of the nearest index to which we could unwind
-      def build_details_for_unwind
-        # Get the possible unwinds for the current conflict
-        current_conflict = conflicts[name]
-        binding_requirements = binding_requirements_for_conflict(current_conflict)
-        unwind_details = unwind_options_for_requirements(binding_requirements)
-
-        last_detail_for_current_unwind = unwind_details.sort.last
-        current_detail = last_detail_for_current_unwind
-
-        # Look for past conflicts that could be unwound to affect the
-        # requirement tree for the current conflict
-        all_reqs = last_detail_for_current_unwind.all_requirements
-        all_reqs_size = all_reqs.size
-        relevant_unused_unwinds = unused_unwind_options.select do |alternative|
-          diff_reqs = all_reqs - alternative.requirements_unwound_to_instead
-          next if diff_reqs.size == all_reqs_size
-          # Find the highest index unwind whilst looping through
-          current_detail = alternative if alternative > current_detail
-          alternative
-        end
-
-        # Add the current unwind options to the `unused_unwind_options` array.
-        # The "used" option will be filtered out during `unwind_for_conflict`.
-        state.unused_unwind_options += unwind_details.reject { |detail| detail.state_index == -1 }
-
-        # Update the requirements_unwound_to_instead on any relevant unused unwinds
-        relevant_unused_unwinds.each do |d|
-          (d.requirements_unwound_to_instead << current_detail.state_requirement).uniq!
-        end
-        unwind_details.each do |d|
-          (d.requirements_unwound_to_instead << current_detail.state_requirement).uniq!
-        end
-
-        current_detail
-      end
-
-      # @param [Array<Object>] binding_requirements array of requirements that combine to create a conflict
-      # @return [Array<UnwindDetails>] array of UnwindDetails that have a chance
-      #    of resolving the passed requirements
-      def unwind_options_for_requirements(binding_requirements)
-        unwind_details = []
-
-        trees = []
-        binding_requirements.reverse_each do |r|
-          partial_tree = [r]
-          trees << partial_tree
-          unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(-1, nil, partial_tree, binding_requirements, trees, [])
-
-          # If this requirement has alternative possibilities, check if any would
-          # satisfy the other requirements that created this conflict
-          requirement_state = find_state_for(r)
-          if conflict_fixing_possibilities?(requirement_state, binding_requirements)
-            unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
-              states.index(requirement_state),
-              r,
-              partial_tree,
-              binding_requirements,
-              trees,
-              []
-            )
-          end
-
-          # Next, look at the parent of this requirement, and check if the requirement
-          # could have been avoided if an alternative PossibilitySet had been chosen
-          parent_r = parent_of(r)
-          next if parent_r.nil?
-          partial_tree.unshift(parent_r)
-          requirement_state = find_state_for(parent_r)
-          if requirement_state.possibilities.any? { |set| !set.dependencies.include?(r) }
-            unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
-              states.index(requirement_state),
-              parent_r,
-              partial_tree,
-              binding_requirements,
-              trees,
-              []
-            )
-          end
-
-          # Finally, look at the grandparent and up of this requirement, looking
-          # for any possibilities that wouldn't create their parent requirement
-          grandparent_r = parent_of(parent_r)
-          until grandparent_r.nil?
-            partial_tree.unshift(grandparent_r)
-            requirement_state = find_state_for(grandparent_r)
-            if requirement_state.possibilities.any? { |set| !set.dependencies.include?(parent_r) }
-              unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
-                states.index(requirement_state),
-                grandparent_r,
-                partial_tree,
-                binding_requirements,
-                trees,
-                []
-              )
-            end
-            parent_r = grandparent_r
-            grandparent_r = parent_of(parent_r)
-          end
-        end
-
-        unwind_details
-      end
-
-      # @param [DependencyState] state
-      # @param [Array] binding_requirements array of requirements
-      # @return [Boolean] whether or not the given state has any possibilities
-      #    that could satisfy the given requirements
-      def conflict_fixing_possibilities?(state, binding_requirements)
-        return false unless state
-
-        state.possibilities.any? do |possibility_set|
-          possibility_set.possibilities.any? do |poss|
-            possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, binding_requirements)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would not fix the
-      # conflict we've just rewound from
-      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just
-      #   unwound from
-      # @return [void]
-      def filter_possibilities_after_unwind(unwind_details)
-        return unless state && !state.possibilities.empty?
-
-        if unwind_details.unwinding_to_primary_requirement?
-          filter_possibilities_for_primary_unwind(unwind_details)
-        else
-          filter_possibilities_for_parent_unwind(unwind_details)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would not satisfy
-      # the requirements in the conflict we've just rewound from
-      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just unwound from
-      # @return [void]
-      def filter_possibilities_for_primary_unwind(unwind_details)
-        unwinds_to_state = unused_unwind_options.select { |uw| uw.state_index == unwind_details.state_index }
-        unwinds_to_state << unwind_details
-        unwind_requirement_sets = unwinds_to_state.map(&:conflicting_requirements)
-
-        state.possibilities.reject! do |possibility_set|
-          possibility_set.possibilities.none? do |poss|
-            unwind_requirement_sets.any? do |requirements|
-              possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, requirements)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] possibility a single possibility
-      # @param [Array] requirements an array of requirements
-      # @return [Boolean] whether the possibility satisfies all of the
-      #    given requirements
-      def possibility_satisfies_requirements?(possibility, requirements)
-        name = name_for(possibility)
-
-        activated.tag(:swap)
-        activated.set_payload(name, possibility) if activated.vertex_named(name)
-        satisfied = requirements.all? { |r| requirement_satisfied_by?(r, activated, possibility) }
-        activated.rewind_to(:swap)
-
-        satisfied
-      end
-
-      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would (eventually)
-      # create a requirement in the conflict we've just rewound from
-      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just unwound from
-      # @return [void]
-      def filter_possibilities_for_parent_unwind(unwind_details)
-        unwinds_to_state = unused_unwind_options.select { |uw| uw.state_index == unwind_details.state_index }
-        unwinds_to_state << unwind_details
-
-        primary_unwinds = unwinds_to_state.select(&:unwinding_to_primary_requirement?).uniq
-        parent_unwinds = unwinds_to_state.uniq - primary_unwinds
-
-        allowed_possibility_sets = primary_unwinds.flat_map do |unwind|
-          states[unwind.state_index].possibilities.select do |possibility_set|
-            possibility_set.possibilities.any? do |poss|
-              possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, unwind.conflicting_requirements)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        requirements_to_avoid = parent_unwinds.flat_map(&:sub_dependencies_to_avoid)
-
-        state.possibilities.reject! do |possibility_set|
-          !allowed_possibility_sets.include?(possibility_set) &&
-            (requirements_to_avoid - possibility_set.dependencies).empty?
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @param [Conflict] conflict
-      # @return [Array] minimal array of requirements that would cause the passed
-      #    conflict to occur.
-      def binding_requirements_for_conflict(conflict)
-        return [conflict.requirement] if conflict.possibility.nil?
-
-        possible_binding_requirements = conflict.requirements.values.flatten(1).uniq
-
-        # When there's a `CircularDependency` error the conflicting requirement
-        # (the one causing the circular) won't be `conflict.requirement`
-        # (which won't be for the right state, because we won't have created it,
-        # because it's circular).
-        # We need to make sure we have that requirement in the conflict's list,
-        # otherwise we won't be able to unwind properly, so we just return all
-        # the requirements for the conflict.
-        return possible_binding_requirements if conflict.underlying_error
-
-        possibilities = search_for(conflict.requirement)
-
-        # If all the requirements together don't filter out all possibilities,
-        # then the only two requirements we need to consider are the initial one
-        # (where the dependency's version was first chosen) and the last
-        if binding_requirement_in_set?(nil, possible_binding_requirements, possibilities)
-          return [conflict.requirement, requirement_for_existing_name(name_for(conflict.requirement))].compact
-        end
-
-        # Loop through the possible binding requirements, removing each one
-        # that doesn't bind. Use a `reverse_each` as we want the earliest set of
-        # binding requirements, and don't use `reject!` as we wish to refine the
-        # array *on each iteration*.
-        binding_requirements = possible_binding_requirements.dup
-        possible_binding_requirements.reverse_each do |req|
-          next if req == conflict.requirement
-          unless binding_requirement_in_set?(req, binding_requirements, possibilities)
-            binding_requirements -= [req]
-          end
-        end
-
-        binding_requirements
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement we wish to check
-      # @param [Array] possible_binding_requirements array of requirements
-      # @param [Array] possibilities array of possibilities the requirements will be used to filter
-      # @return [Boolean] whether or not the given requirement is required to filter
-      #    out all elements of the array of possibilities.
-      def binding_requirement_in_set?(requirement, possible_binding_requirements, possibilities)
-        possibilities.any? do |poss|
-          possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, possible_binding_requirements - [requirement])
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that led to `requirement` being added
-      #   to the list of requirements.
-      def parent_of(requirement)
-        return unless requirement
-        return unless index = @parents_of[requirement].last
-        return unless parent_state = @states[index]
-        parent_state.requirement
-      end
-
-      # @param [String] name
-      # @return [Object] the requirement that led to a version of a possibility
-      #   with the given name being activated.
-      def requirement_for_existing_name(name)
-        return nil unless vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        return nil unless vertex.payload
-        states.find { |s| s.name == name }.requirement
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return [ResolutionState] the state whose `requirement` is the given
-      #   `requirement`.
-      def find_state_for(requirement)
-        return nil unless requirement
-        states.find { |i| requirement == i.requirement }
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] underlying_error
-      # @return [Conflict] a {Conflict} that reflects the failure to activate
-      #   the {#possibility} in conjunction with the current {#state}
-      def create_conflict(underlying_error = nil)
-        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        locked_requirement = locked_requirement_named(name)
-
-        requirements = {}
-        unless vertex.explicit_requirements.empty?
-          requirements[name_for_explicit_dependency_source] = vertex.explicit_requirements
-        end
-        requirements[name_for_locking_dependency_source] = [locked_requirement] if locked_requirement
-        vertex.incoming_edges.each do |edge|
-          (requirements[edge.origin.payload.latest_version] ||= []).unshift(edge.requirement)
-        end
-
-        activated_by_name = {}
-        activated.each { |v| activated_by_name[v.name] = v.payload.latest_version if v.payload }
-        conflicts[name] = Conflict.new(
-          requirement,
-          requirements,
-          vertex.payload && vertex.payload.latest_version,
-          possibility,
-          locked_requirement,
-          requirement_trees,
-          activated_by_name,
-          underlying_error
-        )
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array<Array<Object>>] The different requirement
-      #   trees that led to every requirement for the current spec.
-      def requirement_trees
-        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        vertex.requirements.map { |r| requirement_tree_for(r) }
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement
-      # @return [Array<Object>] the list of requirements that led to
-      #   `requirement` being required.
-      def requirement_tree_for(requirement)
-        tree = []
-        while requirement
-          tree.unshift(requirement)
-          requirement = parent_of(requirement)
-        end
-        tree
-      end
-
-      # Indicates progress roughly once every second
-      # @return [void]
-      def indicate_progress
-        @iteration_counter += 1
-        @progress_rate ||= resolver_ui.progress_rate
-        if iteration_rate.nil?
-          if Time.now - started_at >= @progress_rate
-            self.iteration_rate = @iteration_counter
-          end
-        end
-
-        if iteration_rate && (@iteration_counter % iteration_rate) == 0
-          resolver_ui.indicate_progress
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Calls the {#resolver_ui}'s {UI#debug} method
-      # @param [Integer] depth the depth of the {#states} stack
-      # @param [Proc] block a block that yields a {#to_s}
-      # @return [void]
-      def debug(depth = 0, &block)
-        resolver_ui.debug(depth, &block)
-      end
-
-      # Attempts to activate the current {#possibility}
-      # @return [void]
-      def attempt_to_activate
-        debug(depth) { 'Attempting to activate ' + possibility.to_s }
-        existing_vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
-        if existing_vertex.payload
-          debug(depth) { "Found existing spec (#{existing_vertex.payload})" }
-          attempt_to_filter_existing_spec(existing_vertex)
-        else
-          latest = possibility.latest_version
-          possibility.possibilities.select! do |possibility|
-            requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, possibility)
-          end
-          if possibility.latest_version.nil?
-            # ensure there's a possibility for better error messages
-            possibility.possibilities << latest if latest
-            create_conflict
-            unwind_for_conflict
-          else
-            activate_new_spec
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Attempts to update the existing vertex's `PossibilitySet` with a filtered version
-      # @return [void]
-      def attempt_to_filter_existing_spec(vertex)
-        filtered_set = filtered_possibility_set(vertex)
-        if !filtered_set.possibilities.empty?
-          activated.set_payload(name, filtered_set)
-          new_requirements = requirements.dup
-          push_state_for_requirements(new_requirements, false)
-        else
-          create_conflict
-          debug(depth) { "Unsatisfied by existing spec (#{vertex.payload})" }
-          unwind_for_conflict
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Generates a filtered version of the existing vertex's `PossibilitySet` using the
-      # current state's `requirement`
-      # @param [Object] vertex existing vertex
-      # @return [PossibilitySet] filtered possibility set
-      def filtered_possibility_set(vertex)
-        PossibilitySet.new(vertex.payload.dependencies, vertex.payload.possibilities & possibility.possibilities)
-      end
-
-      # @param [String] requirement_name the spec name to search for
-      # @return [Object] the locked spec named `requirement_name`, if one
-      #   is found on {#base}
-      def locked_requirement_named(requirement_name)
-        vertex = base.vertex_named(requirement_name)
-        vertex && vertex.payload
-      end
-
-      # Add the current {#possibility} to the dependency graph of the current
-      # {#state}
-      # @return [void]
-      def activate_new_spec
-        conflicts.delete(name)
-        debug(depth) { "Activated #{name} at #{possibility}" }
-        activated.set_payload(name, possibility)
-        require_nested_dependencies_for(possibility)
-      end
-
-      # Requires the dependencies that the recently activated spec has
-      # @param [Object] possibility_set the PossibilitySet that has just been
-      #   activated
-      # @return [void]
-      def require_nested_dependencies_for(possibility_set)
-        nested_dependencies = dependencies_for(possibility_set.latest_version)
-        debug(depth) { "Requiring nested dependencies (#{nested_dependencies.join(', ')})" }
-        nested_dependencies.each do |d|
-          activated.add_child_vertex(name_for(d), nil, [name_for(possibility_set.latest_version)], d)
-          parent_index = states.size - 1
-          parents = @parents_of[d]
-          parents << parent_index if parents.empty?
-        end
-
-        push_state_for_requirements(requirements + nested_dependencies, !nested_dependencies.empty?)
-      end
-
-      # Pushes a new {DependencyState} that encapsulates both existing and new
-      # requirements
-      # @param [Array] new_requirements
-      # @param [Boolean] requires_sort
-      # @param [Object] new_activated
-      # @return [void]
-      def push_state_for_requirements(new_requirements, requires_sort = true, new_activated = activated)
-        new_requirements = sort_dependencies(new_requirements.uniq, new_activated, conflicts) if requires_sort
-        new_requirement = nil
-        loop do
-          new_requirement = new_requirements.shift
-          break if new_requirement.nil? || states.none? { |s| s.requirement == new_requirement }
-        end
-        new_name = new_requirement ? name_for(new_requirement) : ''.freeze
-        possibilities = possibilities_for_requirement(new_requirement)
-        handle_missing_or_push_dependency_state DependencyState.new(
-          new_name, new_requirements, new_activated,
-          new_requirement, possibilities, depth, conflicts.dup, unused_unwind_options.dup
-        )
-      end
-
-      # Checks a proposed requirement with any existing locked requirement
-      # before generating an array of possibilities for it.
-      # @param [Object] requirement the proposed requirement
-      # @param [Object] activated
-      # @return [Array] possibilities
-      def possibilities_for_requirement(requirement, activated = self.activated)
-        return [] unless requirement
-        if locked_requirement_named(name_for(requirement))
-          return locked_requirement_possibility_set(requirement, activated)
-        end
-
-        group_possibilities(search_for(requirement))
-      end
-
-      # @param [Object] requirement the proposed requirement
-      # @param [Object] activated
-      # @return [Array] possibility set containing only the locked requirement, if any
-      def locked_requirement_possibility_set(requirement, activated = self.activated)
-        all_possibilities = search_for(requirement)
-        locked_requirement = locked_requirement_named(name_for(requirement))
-
-        # Longwinded way to build a possibilities array with either the locked
-        # requirement or nothing in it. Required, since the API for
-        # locked_requirement isn't guaranteed.
-        locked_possibilities = all_possibilities.select do |possibility|
-          requirement_satisfied_by?(locked_requirement, activated, possibility)
-        end
-
-        group_possibilities(locked_possibilities)
-      end
-
-      # Build an array of PossibilitySets, with each element representing a group of
-      # dependency versions that all have the same sub-dependency version constraints
-      # and are contiguous.
-      # @param [Array] possibilities an array of possibilities
-      # @return [Array<PossibilitySet>] an array of possibility sets
-      def group_possibilities(possibilities)
-        possibility_sets = []
-        current_possibility_set = nil
-
-        possibilities.reverse_each do |possibility|
-          dependencies = dependencies_for(possibility)
-          if current_possibility_set && dependencies_equal?(current_possibility_set.dependencies, dependencies)
-            current_possibility_set.possibilities.unshift(possibility)
-          else
-            possibility_sets.unshift(PossibilitySet.new(dependencies, [possibility]))
-            current_possibility_set = possibility_sets.first
-          end
-        end
-
-        possibility_sets
-      end
-
-      # Pushes a new {DependencyState}.
-      # If the {#specification_provider} says to
-      # {SpecificationProvider#allow_missing?} that particular requirement, and
-      # there are no possibilities for that requirement, then `state` is not
-      # pushed, and the vertex in {#activated} is removed, and we continue
-      # resolving the remaining requirements.
-      # @param [DependencyState] state
-      # @return [void]
-      def handle_missing_or_push_dependency_state(state)
-        if state.requirement && state.possibilities.empty? && allow_missing?(state.requirement)
-          state.activated.detach_vertex_named(state.name)
-          push_state_for_requirements(state.requirements.dup, false, state.activated)
-        else
-          states.push(state).tap { activated.tag(state) }
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43121f8ca..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'dependency_graph'
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # This class encapsulates a dependency resolver.
-  # The resolver is responsible for determining which set of dependencies to
-  # activate, with feedback from the {#specification_provider}
-  #
-  #
-  class Resolver
-    require_relative 'resolution'
-
-    # @return [SpecificationProvider] the specification provider used
-    #   in the resolution process
-    attr_reader :specification_provider
-
-    # @return [UI] the UI module used to communicate back to the user
-    #   during the resolution process
-    attr_reader :resolver_ui
-
-    # Initializes a new resolver.
-    # @param  [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider
-    #   see {#specification_provider}
-    # @param  [UI] resolver_ui
-    #   see {#resolver_ui}
-    def initialize(specification_provider, resolver_ui)
-      @specification_provider = specification_provider
-      @resolver_ui = resolver_ui
-    end
-
-    # Resolves the requested dependencies into a {DependencyGraph},
-    # locking to the base dependency graph (if specified)
-    # @param [Array] requested an array of 'requested' dependencies that the
-    #   {#specification_provider} can understand
-    # @param [DependencyGraph,nil] base the base dependency graph to which
-    #   dependencies should be 'locked'
-    def resolve(requested, base = DependencyGraph.new)
-      Resolution.new(specification_provider,
-                     resolver_ui,
-                     requested,
-                     base).
-        resolve
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e7c715fce..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Gem::Resolver::Molinillo
-  # A state that a {Resolution} can be in
-  # @attr [String] name the name of the current requirement
-  # @attr [Array<Object>] requirements currently unsatisfied requirements
-  # @attr [DependencyGraph] activated the graph of activated dependencies
-  # @attr [Object] requirement the current requirement
-  # @attr [Object] possibilities the possibilities to satisfy the current requirement
-  # @attr [Integer] depth the depth of the resolution
-  # @attr [Hash] conflicts unresolved conflicts, indexed by dependency name
-  # @attr [Array<UnwindDetails>] unused_unwind_options unwinds for previous conflicts that weren't explored
-  ResolutionState = Struct.new(
-    :name,
-    :requirements,
-    :activated,
-    :requirement,
-    :possibilities,
-    :depth,
-    :conflicts,
-    :unused_unwind_options
-  )
-
-  class ResolutionState
-    # Returns an empty resolution state
-    # @return [ResolutionState] an empty state
-    def self.empty
-      new(nil, [], DependencyGraph.new, nil, nil, 0, {}, [])
-    end
-  end
-
-  # A state that encapsulates a set of {#requirements} with an {Array} of
-  # possibilities
-  class DependencyState < ResolutionState
-    # Removes a possibility from `self`
-    # @return [PossibilityState] a state with a single possibility,
-    #  the possibility that was removed from `self`
-    def pop_possibility_state
-      PossibilityState.new(
-        name,
-        requirements.dup,
-        activated,
-        requirement,
-        [possibilities.pop],
-        depth + 1,
-        conflicts.dup,
-        unused_unwind_options.dup
-      ).tap do |state|
-        state.activated.tag(state)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  # A state that encapsulates a single possibility to fulfill the given
-  # {#requirement}
-  class PossibilityState < ResolutionState
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/requirement_list.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/requirement_list.rb
index 5b51493c9a..6f86f0f412 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/requirement_list.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/requirement_list.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The RequirementList is used to hold the requirements being considered
 # while resolving a set of gems.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/set.rb
index 5d8dd51eaa..243fee5fd5 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Resolver sets are used to look up specifications (and their
 # dependencies) used in resolution.  This set is abstract.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/source_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/source_set.rb
index bf8c23184e..296cf41078 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/source_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/source_set.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The SourceSet chooses the best available method to query a remote index.
 #
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/spec_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/spec_specification.rb
index 7b665fe876..00ef9fdba0 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/spec_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/spec_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The Resolver::SpecSpecification contains common functionality for
 # Resolver specifications that are backed by a Gem::Specification.
@@ -65,4 +66,11 @@ class Gem::Resolver::SpecSpecification < Gem::Resolver::Specification
   def version
     spec.version
   end
+
+  ##
+  # The hash value for this specification.
+
+  def hash
+    spec.hash
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/specification.rb
index 3da803cab5..d2098ef0e2 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A Resolver::Specification contains a subset of the information
 # contained in a Gem::Specification.  Only the information necessary for
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/stats.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/stats.rb
index 64b458f504..9920976b2a 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/stats.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/stats.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Gem::Resolver::Stats
   def initialize
     @max_depth = 0
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ class Gem::Resolver::Stats
     @iterations += 1
   end
 
-  PATTERN = "%20s: %d\n".freeze
+  PATTERN = "%20s: %d\n"
 
   def display
     $stdout.puts "=== Resolver Statistics ==="
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_set.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_set.rb
index 6c0ef2a1a1..293a1e3331 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_set.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A VendorSet represents gems that have been unpacked into a specific
 # directory that contains a gemspec.
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_specification.rb
index 600a98a2bf..ac78f54558 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/vendor_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A VendorSpecification represents a gem that has been unpacked into a project
 # and is being loaded through a gem dependencies file through the +path:+
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/s3_uri_signer.rb b/lib/rubygems/s3_uri_signer.rb
index 5522753af5..7c95a9d4f5 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/s3_uri_signer.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/s3_uri_signer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "openssl"
 
 ##
@@ -10,7 +12,7 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
     end
 
     def to_s # :nodoc:
-      "#{super}"
+      super.to_s
     end
   end
 
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
     end
 
     def to_s # :nodoc:
-      "#{super}"
+      super.to_s
     end
   end
 
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
 
   ##
   # Signs S3 URI using query-params according to the reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/sigv4-query-string-auth.html
-  def sign(expiration = 86400)
+  def sign(expiration = 86_400)
     s3_config = fetch_s3_config
 
     current_time = Time.now.utc
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
     string_to_sign = generate_string_to_sign(date_time, credential_info, canonical_request)
     signature = generate_signature(s3_config, date, string_to_sign)
 
-    URI.parse("https://#{canonical_host}#{uri.path}?#{query_params}&X-Amz-Signature=#{signature}")
+    Gem::URI.parse("https://#{canonical_host}#{uri.path}?#{query_params}&X-Amz-Signature=#{signature}")
   end
 
   private
@@ -134,11 +136,11 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
   end
 
   def base64_uri_escape(str)
-    str.gsub(/[\+\/=\n]/, BASE64_URI_TRANSLATE)
+    str.gsub(%r{[\+/=\n]}, BASE64_URI_TRANSLATE)
   end
 
   def ec2_metadata_credentials_json
-    require "net/http"
+    require_relative "vendored_net_http"
     require_relative "request"
     require_relative "request/connection_pools"
     require "json"
@@ -150,13 +152,13 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
   end
 
   def ec2_metadata_request(url)
-    uri = URI(url)
+    uri = Gem::URI(url)
     @request_pool ||= create_request_pool(uri)
-    request = Gem::Request.new(uri, Net::HTTP::Get, nil, @request_pool)
+    request = Gem::Request.new(uri, Gem::Net::HTTP::Get, nil, @request_pool)
     response = request.fetch
 
     case response
-    when Net::HTTPOK then
+    when Gem::Net::HTTPOK then
       JSON.parse(response.body)
     else
       raise InstanceProfileError.new("Unable to fetch AWS metadata from #{uri}: #{response.message} #{response.code}")
@@ -170,6 +172,6 @@ class Gem::S3URISigner
   end
 
   BASE64_URI_TRANSLATE = { "+" => "%2B", "/" => "%2F", "=" => "%3D", "\n" => "" }.freeze
-  EC2_IAM_INFO = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/info".freeze
-  EC2_IAM_SECURITY_CREDENTIALS = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/".freeze
+  EC2_IAM_INFO = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/info"
+  EC2_IAM_SECURITY_CREDENTIALS = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/"
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b81d1a0a47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "stringio"
+
+require_relative "safe_marshal/reader"
+require_relative "safe_marshal/visitors/to_ruby"
+
+module Gem
+  ###
+  # This module is used for safely loading Marshal specs from a gem.  The
+  # `safe_load` method defined on this module is specifically designed for
+  # loading Gem specifications.
+
+  module SafeMarshal
+    PERMITTED_CLASSES = %w[
+      Date
+      Time
+      Rational
+
+      Gem::Dependency
+      Gem::NameTuple
+      Gem::Platform
+      Gem::Requirement
+      Gem::Specification
+      Gem::Version
+      Gem::Version::Requirement
+
+      YAML::Syck::DefaultKey
+      YAML::PrivateType
+    ].freeze
+    private_constant :PERMITTED_CLASSES
+
+    PERMITTED_SYMBOLS = %w[
+      development
+      runtime
+
+      name
+      number
+      platform
+      dependencies
+    ].freeze
+    private_constant :PERMITTED_SYMBOLS
+
+    PERMITTED_IVARS = {
+      "String" => %w[E encoding @taguri @debug_created_info],
+      "Time" => %w[
+        offset zone nano_num nano_den submicro
+        @_zone @marshal_with_utc_coercion
+      ],
+      "Gem::Dependency" => %w[
+        @name @requirement @prerelease @version_requirement @version_requirements @type
+        @force_ruby_platform
+      ],
+      "Gem::NameTuple" => %w[@name @version @platform],
+      "Gem::Platform" => %w[@os @cpu @version],
+      "Psych::PrivateType" => %w[@value @type_id],
+    }.freeze
+    private_constant :PERMITTED_IVARS
+
+    def self.safe_load(input)
+      load(input, permitted_classes: PERMITTED_CLASSES, permitted_symbols: PERMITTED_SYMBOLS, permitted_ivars: PERMITTED_IVARS)
+    end
+
+    def self.load(input, permitted_classes: [::Symbol], permitted_symbols: [], permitted_ivars: {})
+      root = Reader.new(StringIO.new(input, "r").binmode).read!
+
+      Visitors::ToRuby.new(
+        permitted_classes: permitted_classes,
+        permitted_symbols: permitted_symbols,
+        permitted_ivars: permitted_ivars,
+      ).visit(root)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/elements.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/elements.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8874b1b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/elements.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem
+  module SafeMarshal
+    module Elements
+      class Element
+      end
+
+      class Symbol < Element
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+        attr_reader :name
+      end
+
+      class UserDefined < Element
+        def initialize(name, binary_string)
+          @name = name
+          @binary_string = binary_string
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :name, :binary_string
+      end
+
+      class UserMarshal < Element
+        def initialize(name, data)
+          @name = name
+          @data = data
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :name, :data
+      end
+
+      class String < Element
+        def initialize(str)
+          @str = str
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :str
+      end
+
+      class Hash < Element
+        def initialize(pairs)
+          @pairs = pairs
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :pairs
+      end
+
+      class HashWithDefaultValue < Hash
+        def initialize(pairs, default)
+          super(pairs)
+          @default = default
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :default
+      end
+
+      class Array < Element
+        def initialize(elements)
+          @elements = elements
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :elements
+      end
+
+      class Integer < Element
+        def initialize(int)
+          @int = int
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :int
+      end
+
+      class True < Element
+        def initialize
+        end
+        TRUE = new.freeze
+      end
+
+      class False < Element
+        def initialize
+        end
+
+        FALSE = new.freeze
+      end
+
+      class WithIvars < Element
+        def initialize(object, ivars)
+          @object = object
+          @ivars = ivars
+        end
+
+        attr_reader :object, :ivars
+      end
+
+      class Object < Element
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+        attr_reader :name
+      end
+
+      class Nil < Element
+        NIL = new.freeze
+      end
+
+      class ObjectLink < Element
+        def initialize(offset)
+          @offset = offset
+        end
+        attr_reader :offset
+      end
+
+      class SymbolLink < Element
+        def initialize(offset)
+          @offset = offset
+        end
+        attr_reader :offset
+      end
+
+      class Float < Element
+        def initialize(string)
+          @string = string
+        end
+        attr_reader :string
+      end
+
+      class Bignum < Element # rubocop:disable Lint/UnifiedInteger
+        def initialize(sign, data)
+          @sign = sign
+          @data = data
+        end
+        attr_reader :sign, :data
+      end
+
+      class UserClass < Element
+        def initialize(name, wrapped_object)
+          @name = name
+          @wrapped_object = wrapped_object
+        end
+        attr_reader :name, :wrapped_object
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/reader.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/reader.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..740be113e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/reader.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "elements"
+
+module Gem
+  module SafeMarshal
+    class Reader
+      class Error < StandardError
+      end
+
+      class UnsupportedVersionError < Error
+      end
+
+      class UnconsumedBytesError < Error
+      end
+
+      class NotImplementedError < Error
+      end
+
+      class EOFError < Error
+      end
+
+      def initialize(io)
+        @io = io
+      end
+
+      def read!
+        read_header
+        root = read_element
+        raise UnconsumedBytesError unless @io.eof?
+        root
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      MARSHAL_VERSION = [Marshal::MAJOR_VERSION, Marshal::MINOR_VERSION].map(&:chr).join.freeze
+      private_constant :MARSHAL_VERSION
+
+      def read_header
+        v = @io.read(2)
+        raise UnsupportedVersionError, "Unsupported marshal version #{v.bytes.map(&:ord).join(".")}, expected #{Marshal::MAJOR_VERSION}.#{Marshal::MINOR_VERSION}" unless v == MARSHAL_VERSION
+      end
+
+      def read_byte
+        @io.getbyte
+      end
+
+      def read_integer
+        b = read_byte
+
+        case b
+        when 0x00
+          0
+        when 0x01
+          read_byte
+        when 0x02
+          read_byte | (read_byte << 8)
+        when 0x03
+          read_byte | (read_byte << 8) | (read_byte << 16)
+        when 0x04
+          read_byte | (read_byte << 8) | (read_byte << 16) | (read_byte << 24)
+        when 0xFC
+          read_byte | (read_byte << 8) | (read_byte << 16) | (read_byte << 24) | -0x100000000
+        when 0xFD
+          read_byte | (read_byte << 8) | (read_byte << 16) | -0x1000000
+        when 0xFE
+          read_byte | (read_byte << 8) | -0x10000
+        when 0xFF
+          read_byte | -0x100
+        when nil
+          raise EOFError, "Unexpected EOF"
+        else
+          signed = (b ^ 128) - 128
+          if b >= 128
+            signed + 5
+          else
+            signed - 5
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def read_element
+        type = read_byte
+        case type
+        when 34 then read_string # ?"
+        when 48 then read_nil # ?0
+        when 58 then read_symbol # ?:
+        when 59 then read_symbol_link # ?;
+        when 64 then read_object_link # ?@
+        when 70 then read_false # ?F
+        when 73 then read_object_with_ivars # ?I
+        when 84 then read_true # ?T
+        when 85 then read_user_marshal # ?U
+        when 91 then read_array # ?[
+        when 102 then read_float # ?f
+        when 105 then Elements::Integer.new(read_integer) # ?i
+        when 108 then read_bignum # ?l
+        when 111 then read_object # ?o
+        when 117 then read_user_defined # ?u
+        when 123 then read_hash # ?{
+        when 125 then read_hash_with_default_value # ?}
+        when 101 then read_extended_object # ?e
+        when 99 then read_class # ?c
+        when 109 then read_module # ?m
+        when 77 then read_class_or_module # ?M
+        when 100 then read_data # ?d
+        when 47 then read_regexp # ?/
+        when 83 then read_struct # ?S
+        when 67 then read_user_class # ?C
+        when nil
+          raise EOFError, "Unexpected EOF"
+        else
+          raise Error, "Unknown marshal type discriminator #{type.chr.inspect} (#{type})"
+        end
+      end
+
+      STRING_E_SYMBOL = Elements::Symbol.new("E").freeze
+      private_constant :STRING_E_SYMBOL
+
+      def read_symbol
+        len = read_integer
+        if len == 1
+          byte = read_byte
+          if byte == 69 # ?E
+            STRING_E_SYMBOL
+          else
+            Elements::Symbol.new(byte.chr)
+          end
+        else
+          name = -@io.read(len)
+          Elements::Symbol.new(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      EMPTY_STRING = Elements::String.new("".b.freeze).freeze
+      private_constant :EMPTY_STRING
+
+      def read_string
+        length = read_integer
+        return EMPTY_STRING if length == 0
+        str = @io.read(length)
+        Elements::String.new(str)
+      end
+
+      def read_true
+        Elements::True::TRUE
+      end
+
+      def read_false
+        Elements::False::FALSE
+      end
+
+      def read_user_defined
+        name = read_element
+        binary_string = @io.read(read_integer)
+        Elements::UserDefined.new(name, binary_string)
+      end
+
+      EMPTY_ARRAY = Elements::Array.new([].freeze).freeze
+      private_constant :EMPTY_ARRAY
+
+      def read_array
+        length = read_integer
+        return EMPTY_ARRAY if length == 0
+        elements = Array.new(length) do
+          read_element
+        end
+        Elements::Array.new(elements)
+      end
+
+      def read_object_with_ivars
+        object = read_element
+        ivars = Array.new(read_integer) do
+          [read_element, read_element]
+        end
+        Elements::WithIvars.new(object, ivars)
+      end
+
+      def read_symbol_link
+        offset = read_integer
+        Elements::SymbolLink.new(offset)
+      end
+
+      def read_user_marshal
+        name = read_element
+        data = read_element
+        Elements::UserMarshal.new(name, data)
+      end
+
+      # profiling bundle install --full-index shows that
+      # offset 6 is by far the most common object link,
+      # so we special case it to avoid allocating a new
+      # object a third of the time.
+      # the following are all the object links that
+      # appear more than 10000 times in my profiling
+
+      OBJECT_LINKS = {
+        6 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(6).freeze,
+        30 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(30).freeze,
+        81 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(81).freeze,
+        34 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(34).freeze,
+        38 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(38).freeze,
+        50 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(50).freeze,
+        91 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(91).freeze,
+        42 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(42).freeze,
+        46 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(46).freeze,
+        150 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(150).freeze,
+        100 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(100).freeze,
+        104 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(104).freeze,
+        108 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(108).freeze,
+        242 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(242).freeze,
+        246 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(246).freeze,
+        139 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(139).freeze,
+        143 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(143).freeze,
+        114 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(114).freeze,
+        308 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(308).freeze,
+        200 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(200).freeze,
+        54 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(54).freeze,
+        62 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(62).freeze,
+        1_286_245 => Elements::ObjectLink.new(1_286_245).freeze,
+      }.freeze
+      private_constant :OBJECT_LINKS
+
+      def read_object_link
+        offset = read_integer
+        OBJECT_LINKS[offset] || Elements::ObjectLink.new(offset)
+      end
+
+      EMPTY_HASH = Elements::Hash.new([].freeze).freeze
+      private_constant :EMPTY_HASH
+
+      def read_hash
+        length = read_integer
+        return EMPTY_HASH if length == 0
+        pairs = Array.new(length) do
+          [read_element, read_element]
+        end
+        Elements::Hash.new(pairs)
+      end
+
+      def read_hash_with_default_value
+        pairs = Array.new(read_integer) do
+          [read_element, read_element]
+        end
+        default = read_element
+        Elements::HashWithDefaultValue.new(pairs, default)
+      end
+
+      def read_object
+        name = read_element
+        object = Elements::Object.new(name)
+        ivars = Array.new(read_integer) do
+          [read_element, read_element]
+        end
+        Elements::WithIvars.new(object, ivars)
+      end
+
+      def read_nil
+        Elements::Nil::NIL
+      end
+
+      def read_float
+        string = @io.read(read_integer)
+        Elements::Float.new(string)
+      end
+
+      def read_bignum
+        sign = read_byte
+        data = @io.read(read_integer * 2)
+        Elements::Bignum.new(sign, data)
+      end
+
+      def read_extended_object
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type extended_object is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_class
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type class is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_module
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type module is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_class_or_module
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type class_or_module is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_data
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type data is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_regexp
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type regexp is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_struct
+        raise NotImplementedError, "Reading Marshal objects of type struct is not implemented"
+      end
+
+      def read_user_class
+        name = read_element
+        wrapped_object = read_element
+        Elements::UserClass.new(name, wrapped_object)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/stream_printer.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/stream_printer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..162b36ad05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/stream_printer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "visitor"
+
+module Gem::SafeMarshal
+  module Visitors
+    class StreamPrinter < Visitor
+      def initialize(io, indent: "")
+        @io = io
+        @indent = indent
+        @level = 0
+      end
+
+      def visit(target)
+        @io.write("#{@indent * @level}#{target.class}")
+        target.instance_variables.each do |ivar|
+          value = target.instance_variable_get(ivar)
+          next if Elements::Element === value || Array === value
+          @io.write(" #{ivar}=#{value.inspect}")
+        end
+        @io.write("\n")
+        begin
+          @level += 1
+          super
+        ensure
+          @level -= 1
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/to_ruby.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/to_ruby.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9f1d048d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/to_ruby.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "visitor"
+
+module Gem::SafeMarshal
+  module Visitors
+    class ToRuby < Visitor
+      def initialize(permitted_classes:, permitted_symbols:, permitted_ivars:)
+        @permitted_classes = permitted_classes
+        @permitted_symbols = ["E"].concat(permitted_symbols).concat(permitted_classes)
+        @permitted_ivars = permitted_ivars
+
+        @objects = []
+        @symbols = []
+        @class_cache = {}
+
+        @stack = ["root"]
+        @stack_idx = 1
+      end
+
+      def inspect # :nodoc:
+        format("#<%s permitted_classes: %p permitted_symbols: %p permitted_ivars: %p>",
+          self.class, @permitted_classes, @permitted_symbols, @permitted_ivars)
+      end
+
+      def visit(target)
+        stack_idx = @stack_idx
+        super
+      ensure
+        @stack_idx = stack_idx - 1
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def push_stack(element)
+        @stack[@stack_idx] = element
+        @stack_idx += 1
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Array(a)
+        array = register_object([])
+
+        elements = a.elements
+        size = elements.size
+        idx = 0
+        # not idiomatic, but there's a huge number of IMEMOs allocated here, so we avoid the block
+        # because this is such a hot path when doing a bundle install with the full index
+        until idx == size
+          push_stack idx
+          array << visit(elements[idx])
+          idx += 1
+        end
+
+        array
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Symbol(s)
+        name = s.name
+        raise UnpermittedSymbolError.new(symbol: name, stack: formatted_stack) unless @permitted_symbols.include?(name)
+        visit_symbol_type(s)
+      end
+
+      def map_ivars(klass, ivars)
+        stack_idx = @stack_idx
+        ivars.map.with_index do |(k, v), i|
+          @stack_idx = stack_idx
+
+          push_stack "ivar_"
+          push_stack i
+          k = resolve_ivar(klass, k)
+
+          @stack_idx = stack_idx
+          push_stack k
+
+          next k, visit(v)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_WithIvars(e)
+        object_offset = @objects.size
+        push_stack "object"
+        object = visit(e.object)
+        ivars = map_ivars(object.class, e.ivars)
+
+        case e.object
+        when Elements::UserDefined
+          if object.class == ::Time
+            internal = []
+
+            ivars.reject! do |k, v|
+              case k
+              when :offset, :zone, :nano_num, :nano_den, :submicro
+                internal << [k, v]
+                true
+              else
+                false
+              end
+            end
+
+            s = e.object.binary_string
+
+            marshal_string = "\x04\bIu:\tTime".b
+            marshal_string.concat(s.size + 5)
+            marshal_string << s
+            marshal_string.concat(internal.size + 5)
+
+            internal.each do |k, v|
+              marshal_string.concat(":")
+              marshal_string.concat(k.size + 5)
+              marshal_string.concat(k.to_s)
+              dumped = Marshal.dump(v)
+              dumped[0, 2] = ""
+              marshal_string.concat(dumped)
+            end
+
+            object = @objects[object_offset] = Marshal.load(marshal_string)
+          end
+        when Elements::String
+          enc = nil
+
+          ivars.reject! do |k, v|
+            case k
+            when :E
+              case v
+              when TrueClass
+                enc = "UTF-8"
+              when FalseClass
+                enc = "US-ASCII"
+              else
+                raise FormatError, "Unexpected value for String :E #{v.inspect}"
+              end
+            when :encoding
+              enc = v
+            else
+              next false
+            end
+            true
+          end
+
+          object.force_encoding(enc) if enc
+        end
+
+        ivars.each do |k, v|
+          object.instance_variable_set k, v
+        end
+        object
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Hash(o)
+        hash = register_object({})
+
+        o.pairs.each_with_index do |(k, v), i|
+          push_stack i
+          k = visit(k)
+          push_stack k
+          hash[k] = visit(v)
+        end
+
+        hash
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_HashWithDefaultValue(o)
+        hash = visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Hash(o)
+        push_stack :default
+        hash.default = visit(o.default)
+        hash
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Object(o)
+        register_object(resolve_class(o.name).allocate)
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_ObjectLink(o)
+        @objects[o.offset]
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_SymbolLink(o)
+        @symbols[o.offset]
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_UserDefined(o)
+        register_object(call_method(resolve_class(o.name), :_load, o.binary_string))
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_UserMarshal(o)
+        klass = resolve_class(o.name)
+        compat = COMPAT_CLASSES.fetch(klass, nil)
+        idx = @objects.size
+        object = register_object(call_method(compat || klass, :allocate))
+
+        push_stack :data
+        ret = call_method(object, :marshal_load, visit(o.data))
+
+        if compat
+          object = @objects[idx] = ret
+        end
+
+        object
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Integer(i)
+        i.int
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Nil(_)
+        nil
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_True(_)
+        true
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_False(_)
+        false
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_String(s)
+        register_object(+s.str)
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Float(f)
+        case f.string
+        when "inf"
+          ::Float::INFINITY
+        when "-inf"
+          -::Float::INFINITY
+        when "nan"
+          ::Float::NAN
+        else
+          f.string.to_f
+        end
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Bignum(b)
+        result = 0
+        b.data.each_byte.with_index do |byte, exp|
+          result += (byte * 2**(exp * 8))
+        end
+
+        case b.sign
+        when 43 # ?+
+          result
+        when 45 # ?-
+          -result
+        else
+          raise FormatError, "Unexpected sign for Bignum #{b.sign.chr.inspect} (#{b.sign})"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_UserClass(r)
+        if resolve_class(r.name) == ::Hash && r.wrapped_object.is_a?(Elements::Hash)
+
+          hash = register_object({}.compare_by_identity)
+
+          o = r.wrapped_object
+          o.pairs.each_with_index do |(k, v), i|
+            push_stack i
+            k = visit(k)
+            push_stack k
+            hash[k] = visit(v)
+          end
+
+          if o.is_a?(Elements::HashWithDefaultValue)
+            push_stack :default
+            hash.default = visit(o.default)
+          end
+
+          hash
+        else
+          raise UnsupportedError.new("Unsupported user class #{resolve_class(r.name)} in marshal stream", stack: formatted_stack)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def resolve_class(n)
+        @class_cache[n] ||= begin
+          to_s = resolve_symbol_name(n)
+          raise UnpermittedClassError.new(name: to_s, stack: formatted_stack) unless @permitted_classes.include?(to_s)
+          visit_symbol_type(n)
+          begin
+            ::Object.const_get(to_s)
+          rescue NameError
+            raise ArgumentError, "Undefined class #{to_s.inspect}"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      class RationalCompat
+        def marshal_load(s)
+          num, den = s
+          raise ArgumentError, "Expected 2 ints" unless s.size == 2 && num.is_a?(Integer) && den.is_a?(Integer)
+          Rational(num, den)
+        end
+      end
+      private_constant :RationalCompat
+
+      COMPAT_CLASSES = {}.tap do |h|
+        h[Rational] = RationalCompat
+      end.compare_by_identity.freeze
+      private_constant :COMPAT_CLASSES
+
+      def resolve_ivar(klass, name)
+        to_s = resolve_symbol_name(name)
+
+        raise UnpermittedIvarError.new(symbol: to_s, klass: klass, stack: formatted_stack) unless @permitted_ivars.fetch(klass.name, [].freeze).include?(to_s)
+
+        visit_symbol_type(name)
+      end
+
+      def visit_symbol_type(element)
+        case element
+        when Elements::Symbol
+          sym = element.name.to_sym
+          @symbols << sym
+          sym
+        when Elements::SymbolLink
+          visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_SymbolLink(element)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # This is a hot method, so avoid respond_to? checks on every invocation
+      if :read.respond_to?(:name)
+        def resolve_symbol_name(element)
+          case element
+          when Elements::Symbol
+            element.name
+          when Elements::SymbolLink
+            visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_SymbolLink(element).name
+          else
+            raise FormatError, "Expected symbol or symbol link, got #{element.inspect} @ #{formatted_stack.join(".")}"
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        def resolve_symbol_name(element)
+          case element
+          when Elements::Symbol
+            element.name
+          when Elements::SymbolLink
+            visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_SymbolLink(element).to_s
+          else
+            raise FormatError, "Expected symbol or symbol link, got #{element.inspect} @ #{formatted_stack.join(".")}"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def register_object(o)
+        @objects << o
+        o
+      end
+
+      def call_method(receiver, method, *args)
+        receiver.__send__(method, *args)
+      rescue NoMethodError => e
+        raise unless e.receiver == receiver
+
+        raise MethodCallError, "Unable to call #{method.inspect} on #{receiver.inspect}, perhaps it is a class using marshal compat, which is not visible in ruby? #{e}"
+      end
+
+      def formatted_stack
+        formatted = []
+        @stack[0, @stack_idx].each do |e|
+          if e.is_a?(Integer)
+            if formatted.last == "ivar_"
+              formatted[-1] = "ivar_#{e}"
+            else
+              formatted << "[#{e}]"
+            end
+          else
+            formatted << e
+          end
+        end
+        formatted
+      end
+
+      class Error < StandardError
+      end
+
+      class UnpermittedSymbolError < Error
+        def initialize(symbol:, stack:)
+          @symbol = symbol
+          @stack = stack
+          super "Attempting to load unpermitted symbol #{symbol.inspect} @ #{stack.join "."}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      class UnpermittedIvarError < Error
+        def initialize(symbol:, klass:, stack:)
+          @symbol = symbol
+          @klass = klass
+          @stack = stack
+          super "Attempting to set unpermitted ivar #{symbol.inspect} on object of class #{klass} @ #{stack.join "."}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      class UnpermittedClassError < Error
+        def initialize(name:, stack:)
+          @name = name
+          @stack = stack
+          super "Attempting to load unpermitted class #{name.inspect} @ #{stack.join "."}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      class UnsupportedError < Error
+        def initialize(message, stack:)
+          super "#{message} @ #{stack.join "."}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      class FormatError < Error
+      end
+
+      class MethodCallError < Error
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/visitor.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/visitor.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9a079dc0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_marshal/visitors/visitor.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::SafeMarshal::Visitors
+  class Visitor
+    def visit(target)
+      send DISPATCH.fetch(target.class), target
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    DISPATCH = Gem::SafeMarshal::Elements.constants.each_with_object({}) do |c, h|
+      next if c == :Element
+
+      klass = Gem::SafeMarshal::Elements.const_get(c)
+      h[klass] = :"visit_#{klass.name.gsub("::", "_")}"
+      h.default = :visit_unknown_element
+    end.compare_by_identity.freeze
+    private_constant :DISPATCH
+
+    def visit_unknown_element(e)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Attempting to visit unknown element #{e.inspect}"
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Array(target)
+      target.elements.each {|e| visit(e) }
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Bignum(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_False(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Float(target); end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Hash(target)
+      target.pairs.each do |k, v|
+        visit(k)
+        visit(v)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_HashWithDefaultValue(target)
+      visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Hash(target)
+      visit(target.default)
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Integer(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Nil(target); end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Object(target)
+      visit(target.name)
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_ObjectLink(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_String(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_Symbol(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_SymbolLink(target); end
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_True(target); end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_UserDefined(target)
+      visit(target.name)
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_UserMarshal(target)
+      visit(target.name)
+      visit(target.data)
+    end
+
+    def visit_Gem_SafeMarshal_Elements_WithIvars(target)
+      visit(target.object)
+      target.ivars.each do |k, v|
+        visit(k)
+        visit(v)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/safe_yaml.rb b/lib/rubygems/safe_yaml.rb
index 5a98505598..6a02a48230 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/safe_yaml.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/safe_yaml.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-module Gem
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
+module Gem
   ###
   # This module is used for safely loading YAML specs from a gem.  The
   # `safe_load` method defined on this module is specifically designed for
@@ -24,34 +25,21 @@ module Gem
       runtime
     ].freeze
 
-    if ::Psych.respond_to? :safe_load
-      def self.safe_load(input)
-        if Gem::Version.new(Psych::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new("3.1.0.pre1")
-          ::Psych.safe_load(input, permitted_classes: PERMITTED_CLASSES, permitted_symbols: PERMITTED_SYMBOLS, aliases: true)
-        else
-          ::Psych.safe_load(input, PERMITTED_CLASSES, PERMITTED_SYMBOLS, true)
-        end
-      end
+    @aliases_enabled = true
+    def self.aliases_enabled=(value) # :nodoc:
+      @aliases_enabled = !!value
+    end
 
-      def self.load(input)
-        if Gem::Version.new(Psych::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new("3.1.0.pre1")
-          ::Psych.safe_load(input, permitted_classes: [::Symbol])
-        else
-          ::Psych.safe_load(input, [::Symbol])
-        end
-      end
-    else
-      unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
-        warn "Psych safe loading is not available. Please upgrade psych to a version that supports safe loading (>= 2.0)."
-      end
+    def self.aliases_enabled? # :nodoc:
+      @aliases_enabled
+    end
 
-      def self.safe_load(input, *args)
-        ::Psych.load input
-      end
+    def self.safe_load(input)
+      ::Psych.safe_load(input, permitted_classes: PERMITTED_CLASSES, permitted_symbols: PERMITTED_SYMBOLS, aliases: @aliases_enabled)
+    end
 
-      def self.load(input)
-        ::Psych.load input
-      end
+    def self.load(input)
+      ::Psych.safe_load(input, permitted_classes: [::Symbol])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/security.rb b/lib/rubygems/security.rb
index dd16283a98..69ba87b07f 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/security.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/security.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -322,10 +323,9 @@ require_relative "openssl"
 # == Original author
 #
 # Paul Duncan <pabs@pablotron.org>
-# http://pablotron.org/
+# https://pablotron.org/
 
 module Gem::Security
-
   ##
   # Gem::Security default exception type
 
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ module Gem::Security
   ##
   # One day in seconds
 
-  ONE_DAY = 86400
+  ONE_DAY = 86_400
 
   ##
   # One year in seconds
@@ -376,8 +376,8 @@ module Gem::Security
   # * The certificate contains a subject key identifier
 
   EXTENSIONS = {
-    "basicConstraints"     => "CA:FALSE",
-    "keyUsage"             =>
+    "basicConstraints" => "CA:FALSE",
+    "keyUsage" =>
       "keyEncipherment,dataEncipherment,digitalSignature",
     "subjectKeyIdentifier" => "hash",
   }.freeze
@@ -398,8 +398,7 @@ module Gem::Security
   #
   # The +extensions+ restrict the key to the indicated uses.
 
-  def self.create_cert(subject, key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS,
-                       serial = 1)
+  def self.create_cert(subject, key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
     cert = OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new
 
     cert.public_key = get_public_key(key)
@@ -434,13 +433,6 @@ module Gem::Security
   end
 
   ##
-  # In Ruby 2.3 EC doesn't implement the private_key? but not the private? method
-
-  if defined?(OpenSSL::PKey::EC) && Gem::Version.new(String.new(RUBY_VERSION)) < Gem::Version.new("2.4.0")
-    OpenSSL::PKey::EC.send(:alias_method, :private?, :private_key?)
-  end
-
-  ##
   # Creates a self-signed certificate with an issuer and subject from +email+,
   # a subject alternative name of +email+ and the given +extensions+ for the
   # +key+.
@@ -457,8 +449,7 @@ module Gem::Security
   # Creates a self-signed certificate with an issuer and subject of +subject+
   # and the given +extensions+ for the +key+.
 
-  def self.create_cert_self_signed(subject, key, age = ONE_YEAR,
-                                   extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
+  def self.create_cert_self_signed(subject, key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
     certificate = create_cert subject, key, age, extensions
 
     sign certificate, key, certificate, age, extensions, serial
@@ -468,16 +459,8 @@ module Gem::Security
   # Creates a new digest instance using the specified +algorithm+. The default
   # is SHA256.
 
-  if defined?(OpenSSL::Digest)
-    def self.create_digest(algorithm = DIGEST_NAME)
-      OpenSSL::Digest.new(algorithm)
-    end
-  else
-    require "digest"
-
-    def self.create_digest(algorithm = DIGEST_NAME)
-      Digest.const_get(algorithm).new
-    end
+  def self.create_digest(algorithm = DIGEST_NAME)
+    OpenSSL::Digest.new(algorithm)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -492,13 +475,7 @@ module Gem::Security
       when "rsa"
         OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(RSA_DSA_KEY_LENGTH)
       when "ec"
-        if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.4.0"
-          OpenSSL::PKey::EC.generate(EC_NAME)
-        else
-          domain_key = OpenSSL::PKey::EC.new(EC_NAME)
-          domain_key.generate_key
-          domain_key
-        end
+        OpenSSL::PKey::EC.generate(EC_NAME)
       else
         raise Gem::Security::Exception,
         "#{algorithm} algorithm not found. RSA, DSA, and EC algorithms are supported."
@@ -528,11 +505,10 @@ module Gem::Security
   #--
   # TODO increment serial
 
-  def self.re_sign(expired_certificate, private_key, age = ONE_YEAR,
-                   extensions = EXTENSIONS)
+  def self.re_sign(expired_certificate, private_key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS)
     raise Gem::Security::Exception,
           "incorrect signing key for re-signing " +
-          "#{expired_certificate.subject}" unless
+          expired_certificate.subject.to_s unless
       expired_certificate.check_private_key(private_key)
 
     unless expired_certificate.subject.to_s ==
@@ -541,7 +517,7 @@ module Gem::Security
       issuer  = alt_name_or_x509_entry expired_certificate, :issuer
 
       raise Gem::Security::Exception,
-            "#{subject} is not self-signed, contact #{issuer} " +
+            "#{subject} is not self-signed, contact #{issuer} " \
             "to obtain a valid certificate"
     end
 
@@ -565,8 +541,7 @@ module Gem::Security
   #
   # Returns the newly signed certificate.
 
-  def self.sign(certificate, signing_key, signing_cert,
-                age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
+  def self.sign(certificate, signing_key, signing_cert, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
     signee_subject = certificate.subject
     signee_key     = certificate.public_key
 
@@ -614,7 +589,7 @@ module Gem::Security
   # +permissions+. If passed +cipher+ and +passphrase+ those arguments will be
   # passed to +to_pem+.
 
-  def self.write(pemmable, path, permissions = 0600, passphrase = nil, cipher = KEY_CIPHER)
+  def self.write(pemmable, path, permissions = 0o600, passphrase = nil, cipher = KEY_CIPHER)
     path = File.expand_path path
 
     File.open path, "wb", permissions do |io|
@@ -629,7 +604,6 @@ module Gem::Security
   end
 
   reset
-
 end
 
 if Gem::HAVE_OPENSSL
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/security/policies.rb b/lib/rubygems/security/policies.rb
index b3f9070394..41f66043ad 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/security/policies.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/security/policies.rb
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-module Gem::Security
 
+module Gem::Security
   ##
   # No security policy: all package signature checks are disabled.
 
   NoSecurity = Policy.new(
     "No Security",
-    :verify_data      => false,
-    :verify_signer    => false,
-    :verify_chain     => false,
-    :verify_root      => false,
-    :only_trusted     => false,
-    :only_signed      => false
+    verify_data: false,
+    verify_signer: false,
+    verify_chain: false,
+    verify_root: false,
+    only_trusted: false,
+    only_signed: false
   )
 
   ##
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ module Gem::Security
 
   AlmostNoSecurity = Policy.new(
     "Almost No Security",
-    :verify_data      => true,
-    :verify_signer    => false,
-    :verify_chain     => false,
-    :verify_root      => false,
-    :only_trusted     => false,
-    :only_signed      => false
+    verify_data: true,
+    verify_signer: false,
+    verify_chain: false,
+    verify_root: false,
+    only_trusted: false,
+    only_signed: false
   )
 
   ##
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ module Gem::Security
 
   LowSecurity = Policy.new(
     "Low Security",
-    :verify_data      => true,
-    :verify_signer    => true,
-    :verify_chain     => false,
-    :verify_root      => false,
-    :only_trusted     => false,
-    :only_signed      => false
+    verify_data: true,
+    verify_signer: true,
+    verify_chain: false,
+    verify_root: false,
+    only_trusted: false,
+    only_signed: false
   )
 
   ##
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ module Gem::Security
 
   MediumSecurity = Policy.new(
     "Medium Security",
-    :verify_data      => true,
-    :verify_signer    => true,
-    :verify_chain     => true,
-    :verify_root      => true,
-    :only_trusted     => true,
-    :only_signed      => false
+    verify_data: true,
+    verify_signer: true,
+    verify_chain: true,
+    verify_root: true,
+    only_trusted: true,
+    only_signed: false
   )
 
   ##
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ module Gem::Security
 
   HighSecurity = Policy.new(
     "High Security",
-    :verify_data      => true,
-    :verify_signer    => true,
-    :verify_chain     => true,
-    :verify_root      => true,
-    :only_trusted     => true,
-    :only_signed      => true
+    verify_data: true,
+    verify_signer: true,
+    verify_chain: true,
+    verify_root: true,
+    only_trusted: true,
+    only_signed: true
   )
 
   ##
@@ -92,24 +92,23 @@ module Gem::Security
 
   SigningPolicy = Policy.new(
     "Signing Policy",
-    :verify_data      => false,
-    :verify_signer    => true,
-    :verify_chain     => true,
-    :verify_root      => true,
-    :only_trusted     => false,
-    :only_signed      => false
+    verify_data: false,
+    verify_signer: true,
+    verify_chain: true,
+    verify_root: true,
+    only_trusted: false,
+    only_signed: false
   )
 
   ##
   # Hash of configured security policies
 
   Policies = {
-    "NoSecurity"       => NoSecurity,
+    "NoSecurity" => NoSecurity,
     "AlmostNoSecurity" => AlmostNoSecurity,
-    "LowSecurity"      => LowSecurity,
-    "MediumSecurity"   => MediumSecurity,
-    "HighSecurity"     => HighSecurity,
+    "LowSecurity" => LowSecurity,
+    "MediumSecurity" => MediumSecurity,
+    "HighSecurity" => HighSecurity,
     # SigningPolicy is not intended for use by `gem -P` so do not list it
   }.freeze
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/security/policy.rb b/lib/rubygems/security/policy.rb
index 959880ddc1..7b86ac5763 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/security/policy.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/security/policy.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "../user_interaction"
 
 ##
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ class Gem::Security::Policy
     raise Gem::Security::Exception, "missing root certificate" unless root
 
     raise Gem::Security::Exception,
-          "root certificate #{root.subject} is not self-signed " +
+          "root certificate #{root.subject} is not self-signed " \
           "(issuer #{root.issuer})" if
       root.issuer != root.subject
 
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ class Gem::Security::Policy
     cert_dgst = digester.digest pkey_str
 
     raise Gem::Security::Exception,
-          "trusted root certificate #{root.subject} checksum " +
+          "trusted root certificate #{root.subject} checksum " \
           "does not match signing root certificate checksum" unless
       save_dgst == cert_dgst
 
@@ -191,11 +192,8 @@ class Gem::Security::Policy
   end
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
-    ("[Policy: %s - data: %p signer: %p chain: %p root: %p " +
-     "signed-only: %p trusted-only: %p]") % [
-       @name, @verify_chain, @verify_data, @verify_root, @verify_signer,
-       @only_signed, @only_trusted
-     ]
+    format("[Policy: %s - data: %p signer: %p chain: %p root: %p " \
+     "signed-only: %p trusted-only: %p]", @name, @verify_chain, @verify_data, @verify_root, @verify_signer, @only_signed, @only_trusted)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -205,8 +203,7 @@ class Gem::Security::Policy
   #
   # If +key+ is given it is used to validate the signing certificate.
 
-  def verify(chain, key = nil, digests = {}, signatures = {},
-             full_name = "(unknown)")
+  def verify(chain, key = nil, digests = {}, signatures = {}, full_name = "(unknown)")
     if signatures.empty?
       if @only_signed
         raise Gem::Security::Exception,
@@ -225,7 +222,7 @@ class Gem::Security::Policy
     trust_dir = opt[:trust_dir]
     time      = Time.now
 
-    _, signer_digests = digests.find do |algorithm, file_digests|
+    _, signer_digests = digests.find do |_algorithm, file_digests|
       file_digests.values.first.name == Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME
     end
 
@@ -287,5 +284,5 @@ class Gem::Security::Policy
     true
   end
 
-  alias to_s name # :nodoc:
+  alias_method :to_s, :name # :nodoc:
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/security/signer.rb b/lib/rubygems/security/signer.rb
index cca82f1cf8..5732fb57fd 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/security/signer.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/security/signer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Basic OpenSSL-based package signing class.
 
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ class Gem::Security::Signer
   # this value is preferred, otherwise the subject is used.
 
   def extract_name(cert) # :nodoc:
-    subject_alt_name = cert.extensions.find {|e| "subjectAltName" == e.oid }
+    subject_alt_name = cert.extensions.find {|e| e.oid == "subjectAltName" }
 
     if subject_alt_name
       /\Aemail:/ =~ subject_alt_name.value # rubocop:disable Performance/StartWith
@@ -174,10 +175,18 @@ class Gem::Security::Signer
     old_cert = @cert_chain.last
 
     disk_cert_path = File.join(Gem.default_cert_path)
-    disk_cert = File.read(disk_cert_path) rescue nil
+    disk_cert = begin
+                  File.read(disk_cert_path)
+                rescue StandardError
+                  nil
+                end
 
     disk_key_path = File.join(Gem.default_key_path)
-    disk_key = OpenSSL::PKey.read(File.read(disk_key_path), @passphrase) rescue nil
+    disk_key = begin
+                 OpenSSL::PKey.read(File.read(disk_key_path), @passphrase)
+               rescue StandardError
+                 nil
+               end
 
     return unless disk_key
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/security/trust_dir.rb b/lib/rubygems/security/trust_dir.rb
index a6882c66e7..d23d161cfe 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/security/trust_dir.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/security/trust_dir.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The TrustDir manages the trusted certificates for gem signature
 # verification.
@@ -8,8 +9,8 @@ class Gem::Security::TrustDir
   # Default permissions for the trust directory and its contents
 
   DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS = {
-    :trust_dir    => 0700,
-    :trusted_cert => 0600,
+    trust_dir: 0o700,
+    trusted_cert: 0o600,
   }.freeze
 
   ##
@@ -44,13 +45,11 @@ class Gem::Security::TrustDir
     glob = File.join @dir, "*.pem"
 
     Dir[glob].each do |certificate_file|
-      begin
-        certificate = load_certificate certificate_file
+      certificate = load_certificate certificate_file
 
-        yield certificate, certificate_file
-      rescue OpenSSL::X509::CertificateError
-        next # HACK warn
-      end
+      yield certificate, certificate_file
+    rescue OpenSSL::X509::CertificateError
+      next # HACK: warn
     end
   end
 
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ class Gem::Security::TrustDir
 
     destination = cert_path certificate
 
-    File.open destination, "wb", 0600 do |io|
+    File.open destination, "wb", 0o600 do |io|
       io.write certificate.to_pem
       io.chmod(@permissions[:trusted_cert])
     end
@@ -110,9 +109,9 @@ class Gem::Security::TrustDir
         "trust directory #{@dir} is not a directory" unless
           File.directory? @dir
 
-      FileUtils.chmod 0700, @dir
+      FileUtils.chmod 0o700, @dir
     else
-      FileUtils.mkdir_p @dir, :mode => @permissions[:trust_dir]
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p @dir, mode: @permissions[:trust_dir]
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/security_option.rb b/lib/rubygems/security_option.rb
index ab3898bf11..3a101fe9db 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/security_option.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/security_option.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ module Gem::SecurityOption
       policy = Gem::Security::Policies[value]
       unless policy
         valid = Gem::Security::Policies.keys.sort
-        raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, "#{value} (#{valid.join ', '} are valid)"
+        raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, "#{value} (#{valid.join ", "} are valid)"
       end
       policy
     end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/shellwords.rb b/lib/rubygems/shellwords.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..741dccb363
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/shellwords.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+autoload :Shellwords, "shellwords"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source.rb b/lib/rubygems/source.rb
index fc72a1038a..d90e311b65 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source.rb
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ class Gem::Source
   include Gem::Text
 
   FILES = { # :nodoc:
-    :released   => "specs",
-    :latest     => "latest_specs",
-    :prerelease => "prerelease_specs",
+    released: "specs",
+    latest: "latest_specs",
+    prerelease: "prerelease_specs",
   }.freeze
 
   ##
@@ -44,20 +44,18 @@ class Gem::Source
          Gem::Source::Vendor then
       -1
     when Gem::Source then
-      if !@uri
+      unless @uri
         return 0 unless other.uri
         return 1
       end
 
-      return -1 if !other.uri
+      return -1 unless other.uri
 
       # Returning 1 here ensures that when sorting a list of sources, the
       # original ordering of sources supplied by the user is preserved.
       return 1 unless @uri.to_s == other.uri.to_s
 
       0
-    else
-      nil
     end
   end
 
@@ -71,7 +69,7 @@ class Gem::Source
   # Returns a Set that can fetch specifications from this source.
 
   def dependency_resolver_set # :nodoc:
-    return Gem::Resolver::IndexSet.new self if "file" == uri.scheme
+    return Gem::Resolver::IndexSet.new self if uri.scheme == "file"
 
     fetch_uri = if uri.host == "rubygems.org"
       index_uri = uri.dup
@@ -102,8 +100,7 @@ class Gem::Source
 
   def cache_dir(uri)
     # Correct for windows paths
-    escaped_path = uri.path.sub(/^\/([a-z]):\//i, '/\\1-/')
-    escaped_path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+    escaped_path = uri.path.sub(%r{^/([a-z]):/}i, '/\\1-/')
 
     File.join Gem.spec_cache_dir, "#{uri.host}%#{uri.port}", File.dirname(escaped_path)
   end
@@ -137,7 +134,12 @@ class Gem::Source
 
     if File.exist? local_spec
       spec = Gem.read_binary local_spec
-      spec = Marshal.load(spec) rescue nil
+      Gem.load_safe_marshal
+      spec = begin
+               Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load(spec)
+             rescue StandardError
+               nil
+             end
       return spec if spec
     end
 
@@ -155,8 +157,9 @@ class Gem::Source
       end
     end
 
+    Gem.load_safe_marshal
     # TODO: Investigate setting Gem::Specification#loaded_from to a URI
-    Marshal.load spec
+    Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load spec
   end
 
   ##
@@ -186,8 +189,9 @@ class Gem::Source
 
     spec_dump = fetcher.cache_update_path spec_path, local_file, update_cache?
 
+    Gem.load_safe_marshal
     begin
-      Gem::NameTuple.from_list Marshal.load(spec_dump)
+      Gem::NameTuple.from_list Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load(spec_dump)
     rescue ArgumentError
       if update_cache? && !retried
         FileUtils.rm local_file
@@ -229,7 +233,7 @@ class Gem::Source
   private
 
   def enforce_trailing_slash(uri)
-    uri.merge(uri.path.gsub(/\/+$/, "") + "/")
+    uri.merge(uri.path.gsub(%r{/+$}, "") + "/")
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source/git.rb b/lib/rubygems/source/git.rb
index 2609a309e8..bda63c6844 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source/git.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source/git.rb
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class Gem::Source::Git < Gem::Source
     @uri = Gem::Uri.parse(repository)
     @name            = name
     @repository      = repository
-    @reference       = reference
+    @reference       = reference || "HEAD"
     @need_submodules = submodules
 
     @remote   = true
@@ -70,8 +70,6 @@ class Gem::Source::Git < Gem::Source
       -1
     when Gem::Source then
       1
-    else
-      nil
     end
   end
 
@@ -223,14 +221,14 @@ class Gem::Source::Git < Gem::Source
   end
 
   ##
-  # A hash for the git gem based on the git repository URI.
+  # A hash for the git gem based on the git repository Gem::URI.
 
   def uri_hash # :nodoc:
     require_relative "../openssl"
 
     normalized =
-      if @repository =~ %r{^\w+://(\w+@)?}
-        uri = URI(@repository).normalize.to_s.sub %r{/$},""
+      if @repository.match?(%r{^\w+://(\w+@)?})
+        uri = Gem::URI(@repository).normalize.to_s.sub %r{/$},""
         uri.sub(/\A(\w+)/) { $1.downcase }
       else
         @repository
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source/installed.rb b/lib/rubygems/source/installed.rb
index 786faab3e3..cbe12a0516 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source/installed.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source/installed.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Represents an installed gem.  This is used for dependency resolution.
 
@@ -20,8 +21,6 @@ class Gem::Source::Installed < Gem::Source
       0
     when Gem::Source then
       1
-    else
-      nil
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source/local.rb b/lib/rubygems/source/local.rb
index ec1a594238..d81d8343a8 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source/local.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source/local.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # The local source finds gems in the current directory for fulfilling
 # dependencies.
@@ -23,14 +24,12 @@ class Gem::Source::Local < Gem::Source
       0
     when Gem::Source then
       1
-    else
-      nil
     end
   end
 
   def inspect # :nodoc:
     keys = @specs ? @specs.keys.sort : "NOT LOADED"
-    "#<%s specs: %p>" % [self.class, keys]
+    format("#<%s specs: %p>", self.class, keys)
   end
 
   def load_specs(type) # :nodoc:
@@ -40,36 +39,35 @@ class Gem::Source::Local < Gem::Source
       @specs = {}
 
       Dir["*.gem"].each do |file|
-        begin
-          pkg = Gem::Package.new(file)
-        rescue SystemCallError, Gem::Package::FormatError
-          # ignore
-        else
-          tup = pkg.spec.name_tuple
-          @specs[tup] = [File.expand_path(file), pkg]
-
-          case type
-          when :released
-            unless pkg.spec.version.prerelease?
-              names << pkg.spec.name_tuple
-            end
-          when :prerelease
-            if pkg.spec.version.prerelease?
-              names << pkg.spec.name_tuple
-            end
-          when :latest
-            tup = pkg.spec.name_tuple
-
-            cur = names.find {|x| x.name == tup.name }
-            if !cur
-              names << tup
-            elsif cur.version < tup.version
-              names.delete cur
-              names << tup
-            end
-          else
+        pkg = Gem::Package.new(file)
+        spec = pkg.spec
+      rescue SystemCallError, Gem::Package::FormatError
+        # ignore
+      else
+        tup = spec.name_tuple
+        @specs[tup] = [File.expand_path(file), pkg]
+
+        case type
+        when :released
+          unless pkg.spec.version.prerelease?
+            names << pkg.spec.name_tuple
+          end
+        when :prerelease
+          if pkg.spec.version.prerelease?
             names << pkg.spec.name_tuple
           end
+        when :latest
+          tup = pkg.spec.name_tuple
+
+          cur = names.find {|x| x.name == tup.name }
+          if !cur
+            names << tup
+          elsif cur.version < tup.version
+            names.delete cur
+            names << tup
+          end
+        else
+          names << pkg.spec.name_tuple
         end
       end
 
@@ -77,27 +75,25 @@ class Gem::Source::Local < Gem::Source
     end
   end
 
-  def find_gem(gem_name, version = Gem::Requirement.default, # :nodoc:
-               prerelease = false)
+  def find_gem(gem_name, version = Gem::Requirement.default, prerelease = false) # :nodoc:
     load_specs :complete
 
     found = []
 
     @specs.each do |n, data|
-      if n.name == gem_name
-        s = data[1].spec
-
-        if version.satisfied_by?(s.version)
-          if prerelease
-            found << s
-          elsif !s.version.prerelease? || version.prerelease?
-            found << s
-          end
+      next unless n.name == gem_name
+      s = data[1].spec
+
+      if version.satisfied_by?(s.version)
+        if prerelease
+          found << s
+        elsif !s.version.prerelease? || version.prerelease?
+          found << s
         end
       end
     end
 
-    found.max_by {|s| s.version }
+    found.max_by(&:version)
   end
 
   def fetch_spec(name) # :nodoc:
@@ -113,7 +109,7 @@ class Gem::Source::Local < Gem::Source
   def download(spec, cache_dir = nil) # :nodoc:
     load_specs :complete
 
-    @specs.each do |name, data|
+    @specs.each do |_name, data|
       return data[0] if data[1].spec == spec
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source/lock.rb b/lib/rubygems/source/lock.rb
index 49f097467b..70849210bd 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source/lock.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source/lock.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A Lock source wraps an installed gem's source and sorts before other sources
 # during dependency resolution.  This allows RubyGems to prefer gems from
@@ -24,13 +25,11 @@ class Gem::Source::Lock < Gem::Source
       @wrapped <=> other.wrapped
     when Gem::Source then
       1
-    else
-      nil
     end
   end
 
   def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-    0 == (self <=> other)
+    (self <=> other) == 0
   end
 
   def hash # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source/specific_file.rb b/lib/rubygems/source/specific_file.rb
index 552aeba50f..e9b2753646 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source/specific_file.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source/specific_file.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # A source representing a single .gem file.  This is used for installation of
 # local gems.
@@ -33,7 +34,6 @@ class Gem::Source::SpecificFile < Gem::Source
   def fetch_spec(name) # :nodoc:
     return @spec if name == @name
     raise Gem::Exception, "Unable to find '#{name}'"
-    @spec
   end
 
   def download(spec, dir = nil) # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source/vendor.rb b/lib/rubygems/source/vendor.rb
index 543acf1388..44ef614441 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source/vendor.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source/vendor.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # This represents a vendored source that is similar to an installed gem.
 
@@ -18,8 +19,6 @@ class Gem::Source::Vendor < Gem::Source::Installed
       0
     when Gem::Source then
       1
-    else
-      nil
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/source_list.rb b/lib/rubygems/source_list.rb
index 7abe796409..33db64fbc1 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/source_list.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/source_list.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class Gem::SourceList
 
     list.replace ary
 
-    return list
+    list
   end
 
   def initialize_copy(other) # :nodoc:
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ class Gem::SourceList
   end
 
   ##
-  # Appends +obj+ to the source list which may be a Gem::Source, URI or URI
+  # Appends +obj+ to the source list which may be a Gem::Source, Gem::URI or URI
   # String.
 
   def <<(obj)
     src = case obj
-    when Gem::Source
-      obj
-    else
-      Gem::Source.new(obj)
+          when Gem::Source
+            obj
+          else
+            Gem::Source.new(obj)
     end
 
     @sources << src unless @sources.include?(src)
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class Gem::SourceList
   # Gem::Source or a source URI.
 
   def include?(other)
-    if other.kind_of? Gem::Source
+    if other.is_a? Gem::Source
       @sources.include? other
     else
       @sources.find {|x| x.uri.to_s == other.to_s }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class Gem::SourceList
   # Deletes +source+ from the source list which may be a Gem::Source or a URI.
 
   def delete(source)
-    if source.kind_of? Gem::Source
+    if source.is_a? Gem::Source
       @sources.delete source
     else
       @sources.delete_if {|x| x.uri.to_s == source.to_s }
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/spec_fetcher.rb b/lib/rubygems/spec_fetcher.rb
index 0d06d1f144..610edf25c9 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/spec_fetcher.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/spec_fetcher.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "remote_fetcher"
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 require_relative "errors"
@@ -68,9 +69,9 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
     @prerelease_specs = {}
 
     @caches = {
-      :latest => @latest_specs,
-      :prerelease => @prerelease_specs,
-      :released => @specs,
+      latest: @latest_specs,
+      prerelease: @prerelease_specs,
+      released: @specs,
     }
 
     @fetcher = Gem::RemoteFetcher.fetcher
@@ -91,9 +92,9 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
 
     list.each do |source, specs|
       if dependency.name.is_a?(String) && specs.respond_to?(:bsearch)
-        start_index = (0 ... specs.length).bsearch {|i| specs[i].name >= dependency.name }
-        end_index   = (0 ... specs.length).bsearch {|i| specs[i].name > dependency.name }
-        specs = specs[start_index ... end_index] if start_index && end_index
+        start_index = (0...specs.length).bsearch {|i| specs[i].name >= dependency.name }
+        end_index   = (0...specs.length).bsearch {|i| specs[i].name > dependency.name }
+        specs = specs[start_index...end_index] if start_index && end_index
       end
 
       found[source] = specs.select do |tup|
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
 
     tuples = tuples.sort_by {|x| x[0].version }
 
-    return [tuples, errors]
+    [tuples, errors]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -154,16 +155,14 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
 
     specs = []
     tuples.each do |tup, source|
-      begin
-        spec = source.fetch_spec(tup)
-      rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
-        errors << Gem::SourceFetchProblem.new(source, e)
-      else
-        specs << [spec, source]
-      end
+      spec = source.fetch_spec(tup)
+    rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
+      errors << Gem::SourceFetchProblem.new(source, e)
+    else
+      specs << [spec, source]
     end
 
-    return [specs, errors]
+    [specs, errors]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -193,10 +192,10 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
     matches = if matches.empty? && type != :prerelease
       suggest_gems_from_name gem_name, :prerelease
     else
-      matches.uniq.sort_by {|name, dist| dist }
+      matches.uniq.sort_by {|_name, dist| dist }
     end
 
-    matches.map {|name, dist| name }.uniq.first(num_results)
+    matches.map {|name, _dist| name }.uniq.first(num_results)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -214,34 +213,32 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
     list = {}
 
     @sources.each_source do |source|
-      begin
-        names = case type
-        when :latest
-          tuples_for source, :latest
-        when :released
-          tuples_for source, :released
-        when :complete
-          names =
-            tuples_for(source, :prerelease, true) +
-            tuples_for(source, :released)
-
-          names.sort
-        when :abs_latest
-          names =
-            tuples_for(source, :prerelease, true) +
-            tuples_for(source, :latest)
-
-          names.sort
-        when :prerelease
-          tuples_for(source, :prerelease)
-        else
-          raise Gem::Exception, "Unknown type - :#{type}"
-        end
-      rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
-        errors << Gem::SourceFetchProblem.new(source, e)
-      else
-        list[source] = names
+      names = case type
+              when :latest
+                tuples_for source, :latest
+              when :released
+                tuples_for source, :released
+              when :complete
+                names =
+                  tuples_for(source, :prerelease, true) +
+                  tuples_for(source, :released)
+
+                names.sort
+              when :abs_latest
+                names =
+                  tuples_for(source, :prerelease, true) +
+                  tuples_for(source, :latest)
+
+                names.sort
+              when :prerelease
+                tuples_for(source, :prerelease)
+              else
+                raise Gem::Exception, "Unknown type - :#{type}"
       end
+    rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
+      errors << Gem::SourceFetchProblem.new(source, e)
+    else
+      list[source] = names
     end
 
     [list, errors]
@@ -253,7 +250,7 @@ class Gem::SpecFetcher
 
   def tuples_for(source, type, gracefully_ignore=false) # :nodoc:
     @caches[type][source.uri] ||=
-      source.load_specs(type).sort_by {|tup| tup.name }
+      source.load_specs(type).sort_by(&:name)
   rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError
     raise unless gracefully_ignore
     []
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/specification.rb
index af07cd36e2..61ea3fcfdc 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@ require_relative "stub_specification"
 require_relative "platform"
 require_relative "util/list"
 
+require "rbconfig"
+
 ##
 # The Specification class contains the information for a gem.  Typically
 # defined in a .gemspec file or a Rakefile, and looks like this:
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   SPECIFICATION_VERSION_HISTORY = { # :nodoc:
     -1 => ["(RubyGems versions up to and including 0.7 did not have versioned specifications)"],
-    1  => [
+    1 => [
       'Deprecated "test_suite_file" in favor of the new, but equivalent, "test_files"',
       '"test_file=x" is a shortcut for "test_files=[x]"',
     ],
@@ -93,10 +96,10 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   MARSHAL_FIELDS = { # :nodoc:
     -1 => 16,
-     1 => 16,
-     2 => 16,
-     3 => 17,
-     4 => 18,
+    1 => 16,
+    2 => 16,
+    3 => 17,
+    4 => 18,
   }.freeze
 
   today = Time.now.utc
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   @load_cache = {} # :nodoc:
   @load_cache_mutex = Thread::Mutex.new
 
-  VALID_NAME_PATTERN = /\A[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\_]+\z/.freeze # :nodoc:
+  VALID_NAME_PATTERN = /\A[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\_]+\z/ # :nodoc:
 
   # :startdoc:
 
@@ -124,35 +127,35 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # Map of attribute names to default values.
 
   @@default_value = {
-    :authors                   => [],
-    :autorequire               => nil,
-    :bindir                    => "bin",
-    :cert_chain                => [],
-    :date                      => nil,
-    :dependencies              => [],
-    :description               => nil,
-    :email                     => nil,
-    :executables               => [],
-    :extensions                => [],
-    :extra_rdoc_files          => [],
-    :files                     => [],
-    :homepage                  => nil,
-    :licenses                  => [],
-    :metadata                  => {},
-    :name                      => nil,
-    :platform                  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
-    :post_install_message      => nil,
-    :rdoc_options              => [],
-    :require_paths             => ["lib"],
-    :required_ruby_version     => Gem::Requirement.default,
-    :required_rubygems_version => Gem::Requirement.default,
-    :requirements              => [],
-    :rubygems_version          => Gem::VERSION,
-    :signing_key               => nil,
-    :specification_version     => CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION,
-    :summary                   => nil,
-    :test_files                => [],
-    :version                   => nil,
+    authors: [],
+    autorequire: nil,
+    bindir: "bin",
+    cert_chain: [],
+    date: nil,
+    dependencies: [],
+    description: nil,
+    email: nil,
+    executables: [],
+    extensions: [],
+    extra_rdoc_files: [],
+    files: [],
+    homepage: nil,
+    licenses: [],
+    metadata: {},
+    name: nil,
+    platform: Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    post_install_message: nil,
+    rdoc_options: [],
+    require_paths: ["lib"],
+    required_ruby_version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+    required_rubygems_version: Gem::Requirement.default,
+    requirements: [],
+    rubygems_version: Gem::VERSION,
+    signing_key: nil,
+    specification_version: CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION,
+    summary: nil,
+    test_files: [],
+    version: nil,
   }.freeze
 
   # rubocop:disable Style/MutableConstant
@@ -161,19 +164,17 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   @@default_value.each do |k,v|
     INITIALIZE_CODE_FOR_DEFAULTS[k] = case v
-    when [], {}, true, false, nil, Numeric, Symbol
-      v.inspect
-    when String
-      v.dump
-    when Numeric
-      "default_value(:#{k})"
-    else
-      "default_value(:#{k}).dup"
+                                      when [], {}, true, false, nil, Numeric, Symbol
+                                        v.inspect
+                                      when String
+                                        v.dump
+                                      else
+                                        "default_value(:#{k}).dup"
     end
   end
 
-  @@attributes = @@default_value.keys.sort_by {|s| s.to_s }
-  @@array_attributes = @@default_value.reject {|k,v| v != [] }.keys
+  @@attributes = @@default_value.keys.sort_by(&:to_s)
+  @@array_attributes = @@default_value.reject {|_k,v| v != [] }.keys
   @@nil_attributes, @@non_nil_attributes = @@default_value.keys.partition do |k|
     @@default_value[k].nil?
   end
@@ -262,8 +263,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
               @test_files,
               add_bindir(@executables),
               @extra_rdoc_files,
-              @extensions,
-             ].flatten.compact.uniq.sort
+              @extensions].flatten.compact.uniq.sort
   end
 
   ##
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   #
   # Usage:
   #
-  #   spec.description = <<-EOF
+  #   spec.description = <<~EOF
   #     Rake is a Make-like program implemented in Ruby. Tasks and
   #     dependencies are specified in standard Ruby syntax.
   #   EOF
@@ -338,10 +338,10 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # The simplest way is to specify the standard SPDX ID
   # https://spdx.org/licenses/ for the license.
   # Ideally, you should pick one that is OSI (Open Source Initiative)
-  # http://opensource.org/licenses/alphabetical approved.
+  # https://opensource.org/licenses/ approved.
   #
   # The most commonly used OSI-approved licenses are MIT and Apache-2.0.
-  # GitHub also provides a license picker at http://choosealicense.com/.
+  # GitHub also provides a license picker at https://choosealicense.com/.
   #
   # You can also use a custom license file along with your gemspec and specify
   # a LicenseRef-<idstring>, where idstring is the name of the file containing
@@ -426,11 +426,11 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   end
 
   ##
-  # The path in the gem for executable scripts.  Usually 'bin'
+  # The path in the gem for executable scripts.  Usually 'exe'
   #
   # Usage:
   #
-  #   spec.bindir = 'bin'
+  #   spec.bindir = 'exe'
 
   attr_accessor :bindir
 
@@ -502,8 +502,6 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     @platform = @new_platform.to_s
 
     invalidate_memoized_attributes
-
-    @new_platform
   end
 
   ##
@@ -533,13 +531,6 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   attr_reader :required_rubygems_version
 
   ##
-  # The version of RubyGems used to create this gem.
-  #
-  # Do not set this, it is set automatically when the gem is packaged.
-
-  attr_accessor :rubygems_version
-
-  ##
   # The key used to sign this gem.  See Gem::Security for details.
 
   attr_accessor :signing_key
@@ -577,7 +568,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   ##
   # Executables included in the gem.
   #
-  # For example, the rake gem has rake as an executable. You don’t specify the
+  # For example, the rake gem has rake as an executable. You don't specify the
   # full path (as in bin/rake); all application-style files are expected to be
   # found in bindir.  These files must be executable Ruby files.  Files that
   # use bash or other interpreters will not work.
@@ -598,7 +589,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # extconf.rb-style files used to compile extensions.
   #
   # These files will be run when the gem is installed, causing the C (or
-  # whatever) code to be compiled on the user’s machine.
+  # whatever) code to be compiled on the user's machine.
   #
   # Usage:
   #
@@ -727,6 +718,21 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   end
 
   ######################################################################
+  # :section: Read-only attributes
+
+  ##
+  # The version of RubyGems used to create this gem.
+
+  attr_accessor :rubygems_version
+
+  ##
+  # The path where this gem installs its extensions.
+
+  def extensions_dir
+    @extensions_dir ||= super
+  end
+
+  ######################################################################
   # :section: Specification internals
 
   ##
@@ -734,7 +740,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   attr_accessor :activated
 
-  alias :activated? :activated
+  alias_method :activated?, :activated
 
   ##
   # Autorequire was used by old RubyGems to automatically require a file.
@@ -777,7 +783,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def self.each_gemspec(dirs) # :nodoc:
     dirs.each do |dir|
       Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*.gemspec", dir).each do |path|
-        yield path.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+        yield path
       end
     end
   end
@@ -856,7 +862,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     installed_stubs = installed_stubs(Gem::Specification.dirs, pattern)
     installed_stubs.select! {|s| Gem::Platform.match_spec? s } if match_platform
     stubs = installed_stubs + default_stubs(pattern)
-    stubs = stubs.uniq {|stub| stub.full_name }
+    stubs = stubs.uniq(&:full_name)
     _resort!(stubs)
     stubs
   end
@@ -937,7 +943,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # Return full names of all specs in sorted order.
 
   def self.all_names
-    self._all.map(&:full_name)
+    _all.map(&:full_name)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -963,7 +969,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def self.dirs
     @@dirs ||= Gem.path.collect do |dir|
-      File.join dir.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT), "specifications"
+      File.join dir, "specifications"
     end
   end
 
@@ -972,7 +978,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # this resets the list of known specs.
 
   def self.dirs=(dirs)
-    self.reset
+    reset
 
     @@dirs = Array(dirs).map {|dir| File.join dir, "specifications" }
   end
@@ -986,7 +992,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def self.each
     return enum_for(:each) unless block_given?
 
-    self._all.each do |x|
+    _all.each do |x|
       yield x
     end
   end
@@ -997,8 +1003,6 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def self.find_all_by_name(name, *requirements)
     requirements = Gem::Requirement.default if requirements.empty?
 
-    # TODO: maybe try: find_all { |s| spec === dep }
-
     Gem::Dependency.new(name, *requirements).matching_specs
   end
 
@@ -1016,19 +1020,24 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def self.find_by_name(name, *requirements)
     requirements = Gem::Requirement.default if requirements.empty?
 
-    # TODO: maybe try: find { |s| spec === dep }
-
     Gem::Dependency.new(name, *requirements).to_spec
   end
 
   ##
+  # Find the best specification matching a +full_name+.
+  def self.find_by_full_name(full_name)
+    stubs.find {|s| s.full_name == full_name }&.to_spec
+  end
+
+  ##
   # Return the best specification that contains the file matching +path+.
 
   def self.find_by_path(path)
     path = path.dup.freeze
-    spec = @@spec_with_requirable_file[path] ||= (stubs.find do |s|
+    spec = @@spec_with_requirable_file[path] ||= stubs.find do |s|
       s.contains_requirable_file? path
-    end || NOT_FOUND)
+    end || NOT_FOUND
+
     spec.to_spec
   end
 
@@ -1041,13 +1050,14 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       next if s.activated?
       s.contains_requirable_file? path
     end
-    stub && stub.to_spec
+    stub&.to_spec
   end
 
   def self.find_active_stub_by_path(path)
-    stub = @@active_stub_with_requirable_file[path] ||= (stubs.find do |s|
+    stub = @@active_stub_with_requirable_file[path] ||= stubs.find do |s|
       s.activated? && s.contains_requirable_file?(path)
-    end || NOT_FOUND)
+    end || NOT_FOUND
+
     stub.this
   end
 
@@ -1064,7 +1074,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def self.find_in_unresolved_tree(path)
     unresolved_specs.each do |spec|
-      spec.traverse do |from_spec, dep, to_spec, trail|
+      spec.traverse do |_from_spec, _dep, to_spec, trail|
         if to_spec.has_conflicts? || to_spec.conficts_when_loaded_with?(trail)
           :next
         else
@@ -1077,7 +1087,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   end
 
   def self.unresolved_specs
-    unresolved_deps.values.map {|dep| dep.to_specs }.flatten
+    unresolved_deps.values.map(&:to_specs).flatten
   end
   private_class_method :unresolved_specs
 
@@ -1129,12 +1139,14 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     result = {}
 
     specs.reverse_each do |spec|
-      next if spec.version.prerelease? unless prerelease
+      unless prerelease
+        next if spec.version.prerelease?
+      end
 
       result[spec.name] = spec
     end
 
-    result.map(&:last).flatten.sort_by {|tup| tup.name }
+    result.map(&:last).flatten.sort_by(&:name)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -1143,36 +1155,33 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def self.load(file)
     return unless file
 
-    _spec = @load_cache_mutex.synchronize { @load_cache[file] }
-    return _spec if _spec
+    spec = @load_cache_mutex.synchronize { @load_cache[file] }
+    return spec if spec
 
-    file = file.dup.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
     return unless File.file?(file)
 
     code = Gem.open_file(file, "r:UTF-8:-", &:read)
 
-    code.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
-
     begin
-      _spec = eval code, binding, file
+      spec = eval code, binding, file
 
-      if Gem::Specification === _spec
-        _spec.loaded_from = File.expand_path file.to_s
+      if Gem::Specification === spec
+        spec.loaded_from = File.expand_path file.to_s
         @load_cache_mutex.synchronize do
           prev = @load_cache[file]
           if prev
-            _spec = prev
+            spec = prev
           else
-            @load_cache[file] = _spec
+            @load_cache[file] = spec
           end
         end
-        return _spec
+        return spec
       end
 
-      warn "[#{file}] isn't a Gem::Specification (#{_spec.class} instead)."
+      warn "[#{file}] isn't a Gem::Specification (#{spec.class} instead)."
     rescue SignalException, SystemExit
       raise
-    rescue SyntaxError, Exception => e
+    rescue SyntaxError, StandardError => e
       warn "Invalid gemspec in [#{file}]: #{e}"
     end
 
@@ -1260,7 +1269,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def self.reset
     @@dirs = nil
-    Gem.pre_reset_hooks.each {|hook| hook.call }
+    Gem.pre_reset_hooks.each(&:call)
     clear_specs
     clear_load_cache
     unresolved = unresolved_deps
@@ -1279,7 +1288,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       warn "Please report a bug if this causes problems."
       unresolved.clear
     end
-    Gem.post_reset_hooks.each {|hook| hook.call }
+    Gem.post_reset_hooks.each(&:call)
   end
 
   # DOC: This method needs documented or nodoc'd
@@ -1292,10 +1301,23 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def self._load(str)
     Gem.load_yaml
+    Gem.load_safe_marshal
+
+    yaml_set = false
+    retry_count = 0
 
     array = begin
-      Marshal.load str
+      Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load str
     rescue ArgumentError => e
+      # Avoid an infinite retry loop when the argument error has nothing to do
+      # with the classes not being defined.
+      # 1 retry each allowed in case all 3 of
+      # - YAML
+      # - YAML::Syck::DefaultKey
+      # - YAML::PrivateType
+      # need to be defined
+      raise if retry_count >= 3
+
       #
       # Some very old marshaled specs included references to `YAML::PrivateType`
       # and `YAML::Syck::DefaultKey` constants due to bugs in the old emitter
@@ -1305,17 +1327,23 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       message = e.message
       raise unless message.include?("YAML::")
 
-      Object.const_set "YAML", Psych unless Object.const_defined?(:YAML)
+      unless Object.const_defined?(:YAML)
+        Object.const_set "YAML", Psych
+        yaml_set = true
+      end
 
       if message.include?("YAML::Syck::")
         YAML.const_set "Syck", YAML unless YAML.const_defined?(:Syck)
 
-        YAML::Syck.const_set "DefaultKey", Class.new if message.include?("YAML::Syck::DefaultKey")
-      elsif message.include?("YAML::PrivateType")
+        YAML::Syck.const_set "DefaultKey", Class.new if message.include?("YAML::Syck::DefaultKey") && !YAML::Syck.const_defined?(:DefaultKey)
+      elsif message.include?("YAML::PrivateType") && !YAML.const_defined?(:PrivateType)
         YAML.const_set "PrivateType", Class.new
       end
 
+      retry_count += 1
       retry
+    ensure
+      Object.__send__(:remove_const, "YAML") if yaml_set
     end
 
     spec = Gem::Specification.new
@@ -1409,7 +1437,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # there are conflicts upon activation.
 
   def activate
-    other = Gem.loaded_specs[self.name]
+    other = Gem.loaded_specs[name]
     if other
       check_version_conflict other
       return false
@@ -1420,11 +1448,11 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     activate_dependencies
     add_self_to_load_path
 
-    Gem.loaded_specs[self.name] = self
+    Gem.loaded_specs[name] = self
     @activated = true
     @loaded = true
 
-    return true
+    true
   end
 
   ##
@@ -1435,7 +1463,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def activate_dependencies
     unresolved = Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps
 
-    self.runtime_dependencies.each do |spec_dep|
+    runtime_dependencies.each do |spec_dep|
       if loaded = Gem.loaded_specs[spec_dep.name]
         next if spec_dep.matches_spec? loaded
 
@@ -1449,7 +1477,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       begin
         specs = spec_dep.to_specs
       rescue Gem::MissingSpecError => e
-        raise Gem::MissingSpecError.new(e.name, e.requirement, "at: #{self.spec_file}")
+        raise Gem::MissingSpecError.new(e.name, e.requirement, "at: #{spec_file}")
       end
 
       if specs.size == 1
@@ -1495,7 +1523,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def sanitize_string(string)
     return string unless string
 
-    # HACK the #to_s is in here because RSpec has an Array of Arrays of
+    # HACK: the #to_s is in here because RSpec has an Array of Arrays of
     # Strings for authors.  Need a way to disallow bad values on gemspec
     # generation.  (Probably won't happen.)
     string.to_s
@@ -1513,8 +1541,8 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     else
       executables
     end
-  rescue
-    return nil
+  rescue StandardError
+    nil
   end
 
   ##
@@ -1539,7 +1567,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   private :add_dependency_with_type
 
-  alias add_dependency add_runtime_dependency
+  alias_method :add_dependency, :add_runtime_dependency
 
   ##
   # Adds this spec's require paths to LOAD_PATH, in the proper location.
@@ -1591,7 +1619,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def build_args
     if File.exist? build_info_file
       build_info = File.readlines build_info_file
-      build_info = build_info.map {|x| x.strip }
+      build_info = build_info.map(&:strip)
       build_info.delete ""
       build_info
     else
@@ -1606,9 +1634,11 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def build_extensions # :nodoc:
     return if extensions.empty?
     return if default_gem?
+    # we need to fresh build when same name and version of default gems
+    return if self.class.find_by_full_name(full_name)&.default_gem?
     return if File.exist? gem_build_complete_path
-    return if !File.writable?(base_dir)
-    return if !File.exist?(File.join(base_dir, "extensions"))
+    return unless File.writable?(base_dir)
+    return unless File.exist?(File.join(base_dir, "extensions"))
 
     begin
       # We need to require things in $LOAD_PATH without looking for the
@@ -1626,7 +1656,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
         builder.build_extensions
       end
     ensure
-      ui.close if ui
+      ui&.close
       Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.replace unresolved_deps
     end
   end
@@ -1666,7 +1696,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def conflicts
     conflicts = {}
-    self.runtime_dependencies.each do |dep|
+    runtime_dependencies.each do |dep|
       spec = Gem.loaded_specs[dep.name]
       if spec && !spec.satisfies_requirement?(dep)
         (conflicts[spec] ||= []) << dep
@@ -1682,7 +1712,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def conficts_when_loaded_with?(list_of_specs) # :nodoc:
     result = list_of_specs.any? do |spec|
-      spec.dependencies.any? {|dep| dep.runtime? && (dep.name == name) && !satisfies_requirement?(dep) }
+      spec.runtime_dependencies.any? {|dep| (dep.name == name) && !satisfies_requirement?(dep) }
     end
     result
   end
@@ -1692,14 +1722,12 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def has_conflicts?
     return true unless Gem.env_requirement(name).satisfied_by?(version)
-    self.dependencies.any? do |dep|
-      if dep.runtime?
-        spec = Gem.loaded_specs[dep.name]
-        spec && !spec.satisfies_requirement?(dep)
-      else
-        false
-      end
+    runtime_dependencies.any? do |dep|
+      spec = Gem.loaded_specs[dep.name]
+      spec && !spec.satisfies_requirement?(dep)
     end
+  rescue ArgumentError => e
+    raise e, "#{name} #{version}: #{e.message}"
   end
 
   # The date this gem was created.
@@ -1723,7 +1751,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     /\A
      (\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})
      (\s+ \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d+ \s* (Z | [-+]\d\d:\d\d) )?
-     \Z/x.freeze
+     \Z/x
 
   ##
   # The date this gem was created
@@ -1735,17 +1763,17 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     # This is the cleanest, most-readable, faster-than-using-Date
     # way to do it.
     @date = case date
-    when String then
-      if DateTimeFormat =~ date
-        Time.utc($1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i)
-      else
-        raise(Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
-              "invalid date format in specification: #{date.inspect}")
-      end
-    when Time, DateLike then
-      Time.utc(date.year, date.month, date.day)
-    else
-      TODAY
+            when String then
+              if DateTimeFormat =~ date
+                Time.utc($1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i)
+              else
+                raise(Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+                      "invalid date format in specification: #{date.inspect}")
+              end
+            when Time, DateLike then
+              Time.utc(date.year, date.month, date.day)
+            else
+              TODAY
     end
   end
 
@@ -1795,13 +1823,12 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     Gem::Specification.each do |spec|
       deps = check_dev ? spec.dependencies : spec.runtime_dependencies
       deps.each do |dep|
-        if self.satisfies_requirement?(dep)
-          sats = []
-          find_all_satisfiers(dep) do |sat|
-            sats << sat
-          end
-          out << [spec, dep, sats]
+        next unless satisfies_requirement?(dep)
+        sats = []
+        find_all_satisfiers(dep) do |sat|
+          sats << sat
         end
+        out << [spec, dep, sats]
       end
     end
     out
@@ -1811,7 +1838,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # Returns all specs that matches this spec's runtime dependencies.
 
   def dependent_specs
-    runtime_dependencies.map {|dep| dep.to_specs }.flatten
+    runtime_dependencies.map(&:to_specs).flatten
   end
 
   ##
@@ -1852,12 +1879,12 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     coder.add "name", @name
     coder.add "version", @version
     platform = case @original_platform
-    when nil, "" then
-      "ruby"
-    when String then
-      @original_platform
-    else
-      @original_platform.to_s
+               when nil, "" then
+                 "ruby"
+               when String then
+                 @original_platform
+               else
+                 @original_platform.to_s
     end
     coder.add "platform", platform
 
@@ -1980,7 +2007,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   end
   rubygems_deprecate :has_rdoc=
 
-  alias :has_rdoc? :has_rdoc # :nodoc:
+  alias_method :has_rdoc?, :has_rdoc # :nodoc:
   rubygems_deprecate :has_rdoc?
 
   ##
@@ -1991,7 +2018,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   end
 
   # :stopdoc:
-  alias has_test_suite? has_unit_tests?
+  alias_method :has_test_suite?, :has_unit_tests?
   # :startdoc:
 
   def hash # :nodoc:
@@ -2048,7 +2075,8 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   end
 
   ##
-  # Duplicates array_attributes from +other_spec+ so state isn't shared.
+  # Duplicates Array and Gem::Requirement attributes from +other_spec+ so state isn't shared.
+  #
 
   def initialize_copy(other_spec)
     self.class.array_attributes.each do |name|
@@ -2070,6 +2098,9 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
         raise e
       end
     end
+
+    @required_ruby_version = other_spec.required_ruby_version.dup
+    @required_rubygems_version = other_spec.required_rubygems_version.dup
   end
 
   def base_dir
@@ -2225,7 +2256,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # The platform this gem runs on.  See Gem::Platform for details.
 
   def platform
-    @new_platform ||= Gem::Platform::RUBY
+    @new_platform ||= Gem::Platform::RUBY # rubocop:disable Naming/MemoizedInstanceVariableName
   end
 
   def pretty_print(q) # :nodoc:
@@ -2238,23 +2269,22 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       attributes.unshift :name
 
       attributes.each do |attr_name|
-        current_value = self.send attr_name
-        current_value = current_value.sort if %i[files test_files].include? attr_name
-        if current_value != default_value(attr_name) ||
-           self.class.required_attribute?(attr_name)
+        current_value = send attr_name
+        current_value = current_value.sort if [:files, :test_files].include? attr_name
+        next unless current_value != default_value(attr_name) ||
+                    self.class.required_attribute?(attr_name)
 
-          q.text "s.#{attr_name} = "
+        q.text "s.#{attr_name} = "
 
-          if attr_name == :date
-            current_value = current_value.utc
+        if attr_name == :date
+          current_value = current_value.utc
 
-            q.text "Time.utc(#{current_value.year}, #{current_value.month}, #{current_value.day})"
-          else
-            q.pp current_value
-          end
-
-          q.breakable
+          q.text "Time.utc(#{current_value.year}, #{current_value.month}, #{current_value.day})"
+        else
+          q.pp current_value
         end
+
+        q.breakable
       end
     end
   end
@@ -2264,7 +2294,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # that is already loaded (+other+)
 
   def check_version_conflict(other) # :nodoc:
-    return if self.version == other.version
+    return if version == other.version
 
     # This gem is already loaded.  If the currently loaded gem is not in the
     # list of candidate gems, then we have a version conflict.
@@ -2272,7 +2302,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     msg = "can't activate #{full_name}, already activated #{other.full_name}"
 
     e = Gem::LoadError.new msg
-    e.name = self.name
+    e.name = name
 
     raise e
   end
@@ -2337,13 +2367,13 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     when Array              then "[" + obj.map {|x| ruby_code x }.join(", ") + "]"
     when Hash               then
       seg = obj.keys.sort.map {|k| "#{k.to_s.dump} => #{obj[k].to_s.dump}" }
-      "{ #{seg.join(', ')} }"
-    when Gem::Version       then obj.to_s.dump
+      "{ #{seg.join(", ")} }"
+    when Gem::Version       then ruby_code(obj.to_s)
     when DateLike           then obj.strftime("%Y-%m-%d").dump
     when Time               then obj.strftime("%Y-%m-%d").dump
     when Numeric            then obj.inspect
     when true, false, nil   then obj.inspect
-    when Gem::Platform      then "Gem::Platform.new(#{obj.to_a.inspect})"
+    when Gem::Platform      then "Gem::Platform.new(#{ruby_code obj.to_a})"
     when Gem::Requirement   then
       list = obj.as_list
       "Gem::Requirement.new(#{ruby_code(list.size == 1 ? obj.to_s : list)})"
@@ -2364,7 +2394,7 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # True if this gem has the same attributes as +other+.
 
   def same_attributes?(spec)
-    @@attributes.all? {|name, default| self.send(name) == spec.send(name) }
+    @@attributes.all? {|name, _default| send(name) == spec.send(name) }
   end
 
   private :same_attributes?
@@ -2373,8 +2403,8 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # Checks if this specification meets the requirement of +dependency+.
 
   def satisfies_requirement?(dependency)
-    return @name == dependency.name &&
-           dependency.requirement.satisfied_by?(@version)
+    @name == dependency.name &&
+      dependency.requirement.satisfied_by?(@version)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -2501,19 +2531,19 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
     @@attributes.each do |attr_name|
       next if handled.include? attr_name
-      current_value = self.send(attr_name)
+      current_value = send(attr_name)
       if current_value != default_value(attr_name) || self.class.required_attribute?(attr_name)
         result << "  s.#{attr_name} = #{ruby_code current_value}"
       end
     end
 
     if String === signing_key
-      result << "  s.signing_key = #{signing_key.dump}.freeze"
+      result << "  s.signing_key = #{ruby_code signing_key}"
     end
 
     if @installed_by_version
       result << nil
-      result << "  s.installed_by_version = \"#{Gem::VERSION}\" if s.respond_to? :installed_by_version"
+      result << "  s.installed_by_version = #{ruby_code Gem::VERSION} if s.respond_to? :installed_by_version"
     end
 
     unless dependencies.empty?
@@ -2522,9 +2552,8 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       result << nil
 
       dependencies.each do |dep|
-        req = dep.requirements_list.inspect
         dep.instance_variable_set :@type, :runtime if dep.type.nil? # HACK
-        result << "  s.add_#{dep.type}_dependency(%q<#{dep.name}>.freeze, #{req})"
+        result << "  s.add_#{dep.type}_dependency(%q<#{dep.name}>.freeze, #{ruby_code dep.requirements_list})"
       end
     end
 
@@ -2585,10 +2614,9 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   def traverse(trail = [], visited = {}, &block)
     trail.push(self)
     begin
-      dependencies.each do |dep|
-        next unless dep.runtime?
+      runtime_dependencies.each do |dep|
         dep.matching_specs(true).each do |dep_spec|
-          next if visited.has_key?(dep_spec)
+          next if visited.key?(dep_spec)
           visited[dep_spec] = true
           trail.push(dep_spec)
           begin
@@ -2596,11 +2624,10 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
           ensure
             trail.pop
           end
-          unless result == :next
-            spec_name = dep_spec.name
-            dep_spec.traverse(trail, visited, &block) unless
-              trail.any? {|s| s.name == spec_name }
-          end
+          next if result == :next
+          spec_name = dep_spec.name
+          dep_spec.traverse(trail, visited, &block) unless
+            trail.any? {|s| s.name == spec_name }
         end
       end
     ensure
@@ -2647,22 +2674,13 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   rubygems_deprecate :validate_permissions
 
   ##
-  # Set the version to +version+, potentially also setting
-  # required_rubygems_version if +version+ indicates it is a
-  # prerelease.
+  # Set the version to +version+.
 
   def version=(version)
     @version = Gem::Version.create(version)
     return if @version.nil?
 
-    # skip to set required_ruby_version when pre-released rubygems.
-    # It caused to raise CircularDependencyError
-    if @version.prerelease? && (@name.nil? || @name.strip != "rubygems")
-      self.required_rubygems_version = "> 1.3.1"
-    end
     invalidate_memoized_attributes
-
-    return @version
   end
 
   def stubbed?
@@ -2674,9 +2692,9 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       case ivar
       when "date"
         # Force Date to go through the extra coerce logic in date=
-        self.date = val.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+        self.date = val
       else
-        instance_variable_set "@#{ivar}", val.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
+        instance_variable_set "@#{ivar}", val
       end
     end
 
@@ -2693,17 +2711,19 @@ class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     end
 
     nil_attributes.each do |attribute|
-      default = self.default_value attribute
+      default = default_value attribute
 
       value = case default
-      when Time, Numeric, Symbol, true, false, nil then default
-      else default.dup
+              when Time, Numeric, Symbol, true, false, nil then default
+              else default.dup
       end
 
       instance_variable_set "@#{attribute}", value
     end
 
     @installed_by_version ||= nil
+
+    nil
   end
 
   def flatten_require_paths # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/specification_policy.rb b/lib/rubygems/specification_policy.rb
index 44b31211e5..516c26f53c 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/specification_policy.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/specification_policy.rb
@@ -1,22 +1,25 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "user_interaction"
 
 class Gem::SpecificationPolicy
   include Gem::UserInteraction
 
-  VALID_NAME_PATTERN = /\A[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\_]+\z/.freeze # :nodoc:
+  VALID_NAME_PATTERN = /\A[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\_]+\z/ # :nodoc:
 
-  SPECIAL_CHARACTERS = /\A[#{Regexp.escape('.-_')}]+/.freeze # :nodoc:
+  SPECIAL_CHARACTERS = /\A[#{Regexp.escape(".-_")}]+/ # :nodoc:
 
-  VALID_URI_PATTERN = %r{\Ahttps?:\/\/([^\s:@]+:[^\s:@]*@)?[A-Za-z\d\-]+(\.[A-Za-z\d\-]+)+\.?(:\d{1,5})?([\/?]\S*)?\z}.freeze # :nodoc:
+  VALID_URI_PATTERN = %r{\Ahttps?:\/\/([^\s:@]+:[^\s:@]*@)?[A-Za-z\d\-]+(\.[A-Za-z\d\-]+)+\.?(:\d{1,5})?([\/?]\S*)?\z} # :nodoc:
 
   METADATA_LINK_KEYS = %w[
-    bug_tracker_uri
-    changelog_uri
-    documentation_uri
     homepage_uri
-    mailing_list_uri
+    changelog_uri
     source_code_uri
+    documentation_uri
     wiki_uri
+    mailing_list_uri
+    bug_tracker_uri
+    download_uri
     funding_uri
   ].freeze # :nodoc:
 
@@ -100,10 +103,14 @@ class Gem::SpecificationPolicy
 
     validate_dependencies
 
+    validate_required_ruby_version
+
     validate_extensions
 
     validate_removed_attributes
 
+    validate_unique_links
+
     if @warnings > 0
       if strict
         error "specification has warnings"
@@ -125,7 +132,7 @@ class Gem::SpecificationPolicy
 
     metadata.each do |key, value|
       entry = "metadata['#{key}']"
-      if !key.kind_of?(String)
+      unless key.is_a?(String)
         error "metadata keys must be a String"
       end
 
@@ -133,7 +140,7 @@ class Gem::SpecificationPolicy
         error "metadata key is too large (#{key.size} > 128)"
       end
 
-      if !value.kind_of?(String)
+      unless value.is_a?(String)
         error "#{entry} value must be a String"
       end
 
@@ -141,10 +148,9 @@ class Gem::SpecificationPolicy
         error "#{entry} value is too large (#{value.size} > 1024)"
       end
 
-      if METADATA_LINK_KEYS.include? key
-        if value !~ VALID_URI_PATTERN
-          error "#{entry} has invalid link: #{value.inspect}"
-        end
+      next unless METADATA_LINK_KEYS.include? key
+      unless VALID_URI_PATTERN.match?(value)
+        error "#{entry} has invalid link: #{value.inspect}"
       end
     end
   end
@@ -161,7 +167,7 @@ class Gem::SpecificationPolicy
       if prev = seen[dep.type][dep.name]
         error_messages << <<-MESSAGE
 duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
-    add_#{dep.type}_dependency '#{dep.name}', '#{dep.requirement}', '#{prev.requirement}'
+    add_#{dep.type}_dependency \"#{dep.name}\", \"#{dep.requirement}\", \"#{prev.requirement}\"
         MESSAGE
       end
 
@@ -173,6 +179,7 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
   end
 
   ##
+  # Checks that the gem does not depend on itself.
   # Checks that dependencies use requirements as we recommend.  Warnings are
   # issued when dependencies are open-ended or overly strict for semantic
   # versioning.
@@ -180,6 +187,10 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
   def validate_dependencies # :nodoc:
     warning_messages = []
     @specification.dependencies.each do |dep|
+      if dep.name == @specification.name # warn on self reference
+        warning_messages << "Self referencing dependency is unnecessary and strongly discouraged."
+      end
+
       prerelease_dep = dep.requirements_list.any? do |req|
         Gem::Requirement.new(req).prerelease?
       end
@@ -188,37 +199,42 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
           prerelease_dep && !@specification.version.prerelease?
 
       open_ended = dep.requirement.requirements.all? do |op, version|
-        !version.prerelease? && (op == ">" || op == ">=")
+        !version.prerelease? && [">", ">="].include?(op)
       end
 
-      if open_ended
-        op, dep_version = dep.requirement.requirements.first
+      next unless open_ended
+      op, dep_version = dep.requirement.requirements.first
 
-        segments = dep_version.segments
+      segments = dep_version.segments
 
-        base = segments.first 2
+      base = segments.first 2
 
-        recommendation = if (op == ">" || op == ">=") && segments == [0]
-          "  use a bounded requirement, such as '~> x.y'"
-        else
-          bugfix = if op == ">"
-            ", '> #{dep_version}'"
-          elsif op == ">=" && base != segments
-            ", '>= #{dep_version}'"
-          end
-
-          "  if #{dep.name} is semantically versioned, use:\n" \
-          "    add_#{dep.type}_dependency '#{dep.name}', '~> #{base.join '.'}'#{bugfix}"
+      recommendation = if [">", ">="].include?(op) && segments == [0]
+        "  use a bounded requirement, such as \"~> x.y\""
+      else
+        bugfix = if op == ">"
+          ", \"> #{dep_version}\""
+        elsif op == ">=" && base != segments
+          ", \">= #{dep_version}\""
         end
 
-        warning_messages << ["open-ended dependency on #{dep} is not recommended", recommendation].join("\n") + "\n"
+        "  if #{dep.name} is semantically versioned, use:\n" \
+        "    add_#{dep.type}_dependency \"#{dep.name}\", \"~> #{base.join "."}\"#{bugfix}"
       end
+
+      warning_messages << ["open-ended dependency on #{dep} is not recommended", recommendation].join("\n") + "\n"
     end
     if warning_messages.any?
       warning_messages.each {|warning_message| warning warning_message }
     end
   end
 
+  def validate_required_ruby_version
+    if @specification.required_ruby_version.requirements == [Gem::Requirement::DefaultRequirement]
+      warning "make sure you specify the oldest ruby version constraint (like \">= 3.0\") that you want your gem to support by setting the `required_ruby_version` gemspec attribute"
+    end
+  end
+
   ##
   # Issues a warning for each file to be packaged which is world-readable.
   #
@@ -229,7 +245,7 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
 
     @specification.files.each do |file|
       next unless File.file?(file)
-      next if File.stat(file).mode & 0444 == 0444
+      next if File.stat(file).mode & 0o444 == 0o444
       warning "#{file} is not world-readable"
     end
 
@@ -248,7 +264,7 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
       @specification.instance_variable_get("@#{attrname}").nil?
     end
     return if nil_attributes.empty?
-    error "#{nil_attributes.join ', '} must not be nil"
+    error "#{nil_attributes.join ", "} must not be nil"
   end
 
   def validate_rubygems_version
@@ -274,11 +290,11 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
 
     if !name.is_a?(String)
       error "invalid value for attribute name: \"#{name.inspect}\" must be a string"
-    elsif name !~ /[a-zA-Z]/
+    elsif !/[a-zA-Z]/.match?(name)
       error "invalid value for attribute name: #{name.dump} must include at least one letter"
-    elsif name !~ VALID_NAME_PATTERN
+    elsif !VALID_NAME_PATTERN.match?(name)
       error "invalid value for attribute name: #{name.dump} can only include letters, numbers, dashes, and underscores"
-    elsif name =~ SPECIAL_CHARACTERS
+    elsif SPECIAL_CHARACTERS.match?(name)
       error "invalid value for attribute name: #{name.dump} can not begin with a period, dash, or underscore"
     end
   end
@@ -332,13 +348,13 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
   def validate_array_attribute(field)
     val = @specification.send(field)
     klass = case field
-    when :dependencies then
-      Gem::Dependency
-    else
-      String
+            when :dependencies then
+              Gem::Dependency
+            else
+              String
     end
 
-    unless Array === val && val.all? {|x| x.kind_of?(klass) }
+    unless Array === val && val.all? {|x| x.is_a?(klass) || (field == :licenses && x.nil?) }
       error "#{field} must be an Array of #{klass}"
     end
   end
@@ -353,6 +369,8 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
     licenses = @specification.licenses
 
     licenses.each do |license|
+      next if license.nil?
+
       if license.length > 64
         error "each license must be 64 characters or less"
       end
@@ -363,26 +381,38 @@ duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
     licenses = @specification.licenses
 
     licenses.each do |license|
-      if !Gem::Licenses.match?(license)
-        suggestions = Gem::Licenses.suggestions(license)
-        message = <<-WARNING
-license value '#{license}' is invalid.  Use a license identifier from
-http://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard license.
-        WARNING
-        message += "Did you mean #{suggestions.map {|s| "'#{s}'" }.join(', ')}?\n" unless suggestions.nil?
-        warning(message)
+      next if Gem::Licenses.match?(license) || license.nil?
+      license_id_deprecated = Gem::Licenses.deprecated_license_id?(license)
+      exception_id_deprecated = Gem::Licenses.deprecated_exception_id?(license)
+      suggestions = Gem::Licenses.suggestions(license)
+
+      if license_id_deprecated
+        main_message = "License identifier '#{license}' is deprecated"
+      elsif exception_id_deprecated
+        main_message = "Exception identifier at '#{license}' is deprecated"
+      else
+        main_message = "License identifier '#{license}' is invalid"
       end
+
+      message = <<-WARNING
+#{main_message}. Use an identifier from
+https://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard license,
+or set it to nil if you don't want to specify a license.
+      WARNING
+      message += "Did you mean #{suggestions.map {|s| "'#{s}'" }.join(", ")}?\n" unless suggestions.nil?
+      warning(message)
     end
 
     warning <<-WARNING if licenses.empty?
-licenses is empty, but is recommended.  Use a license identifier from
-http://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard license.
+licenses is empty, but is recommended. Use an license identifier from
+https://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard license,
+or set it to nil if you don't want to specify a license.
     WARNING
   end
 
   LAZY = '"FIxxxXME" or "TOxxxDO"'.gsub(/xxx/, "")
-  LAZY_PATTERN = /\AFI XME|\ATO DO/x.freeze
-  HOMEPAGE_URI_PATTERN = /\A[a-z][a-z\d+.-]*:/i.freeze
+  LAZY_PATTERN = /\AFI XME|\ATO DO/x
+  HOMEPAGE_URI_PATTERN = /\A[a-z][a-z\d+.-]*:/i
 
   def validate_lazy_metadata
     unless @specification.authors.grep(LAZY_PATTERN).empty?
@@ -393,11 +423,11 @@ http://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard li
       error "#{LAZY} is not an email"
     end
 
-    if @specification.description =~ LAZY_PATTERN
+    if LAZY_PATTERN.match?(@specification.description)
       error "#{LAZY} is not a description"
     end
 
-    if @specification.summary =~ LAZY_PATTERN
+    if LAZY_PATTERN.match?(@specification.summary)
       error "#{LAZY} is not a summary"
     end
 
@@ -405,13 +435,13 @@ http://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard li
 
     # Make sure a homepage is valid HTTP/HTTPS URI
     if homepage && !homepage.empty?
-      require "uri"
+      require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
       begin
-        homepage_uri = URI.parse(homepage)
-        unless [URI::HTTP, URI::HTTPS].member? homepage_uri.class
+        homepage_uri = Gem::URI.parse(homepage)
+        unless [Gem::URI::HTTP, Gem::URI::HTTPS].member? homepage_uri.class
           error "\"#{homepage}\" is not a valid HTTP URI"
         end
-      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+      rescue Gem::URI::InvalidURIError
         error "\"#{homepage}\" is not a valid HTTP URI"
       end
     end
@@ -460,14 +490,44 @@ http://spdx.org/licenses or '#{Gem::Licenses::NONSTANDARD}' for a nonstandard li
     require_relative "ext"
     builder = Gem::Ext::Builder.new(@specification)
 
+    validate_rake_extensions(builder)
+    validate_rust_extensions(builder)
+  end
+
+  def validate_rust_extensions(builder) # :nodoc:
+    rust_extension = @specification.extensions.any? {|s| builder.builder_for(s).is_a? Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder }
+    missing_cargo_lock = !@specification.files.any? {|f| f.end_with?("Cargo.lock") }
+
+    error <<-ERROR if rust_extension && missing_cargo_lock
+You have specified rust based extension, but Cargo.lock is not part of the gem files. Please run `cargo generate-lockfile` or any other command to generate Cargo.lock and ensure it is added to your gem files section in gemspec.
+    ERROR
+  end
+
+  def validate_rake_extensions(builder) # :nodoc:
     rake_extension = @specification.extensions.any? {|s| builder.builder_for(s) == Gem::Ext::RakeBuilder }
-    rake_dependency = @specification.dependencies.any? {|d| d.name == "rake" }
+    rake_dependency = @specification.dependencies.any? {|d| d.name == "rake" && d.type == :runtime }
 
     warning <<-WARNING if rake_extension && !rake_dependency
-You have specified rake based extension, but rake is not added as dependency. It is recommended to add rake as a dependency in gemspec since there's no guarantee rake will be already installed.
+You have specified rake based extension, but rake is not added as runtime dependency. It is recommended to add rake as a runtime dependency in gemspec since there's no guarantee rake will be already installed.
     WARNING
   end
 
+  def validate_unique_links
+    links = @specification.metadata.slice(*METADATA_LINK_KEYS)
+    grouped = links.group_by {|_key, uri| uri }
+    grouped.each do |uri, copies|
+      next unless copies.length > 1
+      keys = copies.map(&:first).join("\n  ")
+      warning <<~WARNING
+        You have specified the uri:
+          #{uri}
+        for all of the following keys:
+          #{keys}
+        Only the first one will be shown on rubygems.org
+      WARNING
+    end
+  end
+
   def warning(statement) # :nodoc:
     @warnings += 1
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/stub_specification.rb b/lib/rubygems/stub_specification.rb
index 33b4f45b0a..58748df5d6 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/stub_specification.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/stub_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ##
 # Gem::StubSpecification reads the stub: line from the gemspec.  This prevents
 # us having to eval the entire gemspec in order to find out certain
@@ -6,10 +7,10 @@
 
 class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   # :nodoc:
-  PREFIX = "# stub: ".freeze
+  PREFIX = "# stub: "
 
   # :nodoc:
-  OPEN_MODE = "r:UTF-8:-".freeze
+  OPEN_MODE = "r:UTF-8:-"
 
   class StubLine # :nodoc: all
     attr_reader :name, :version, :platform, :require_paths, :extensions,
@@ -19,9 +20,9 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
     # These are common require paths.
     REQUIRE_PATHS = { # :nodoc:
-      "lib"  => "lib".freeze,
-      "test" => "test".freeze,
-      "ext"  => "ext".freeze,
+      "lib" => "lib",
+      "test" => "test",
+      "ext" => "ext",
     }.freeze
 
     # These are common require path lists.  This hash is used to optimize
@@ -33,8 +34,8 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
     }.freeze
 
     def initialize(data, extensions)
-      parts          = data[PREFIX.length..-1].split(" ".freeze, 4)
-      @name          = parts[0].freeze
+      parts          = data[PREFIX.length..-1].split(" ", 4)
+      @name          = -parts[0]
       @version       = if Gem::Version.correct?(parts[1])
         Gem::Version.new(parts[1])
       else
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
       end
 
       path_list = parts.last
-      @require_paths = REQUIRE_PATH_LIST[path_list] || path_list.split("\0".freeze).map! do |x|
+      @require_paths = REQUIRE_PATH_LIST[path_list] || path_list.split("\0").map! do |x|
         REQUIRE_PATHS[x] || x
       end
     end
@@ -68,7 +69,6 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def initialize(filename, base_dir, gems_dir, default_gem)
     super()
-    filename.tap(&Gem::UNTAINT)
 
     self.loaded_from = filename
     @data            = nil
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
   def activated?
     @activated ||=
-    begin
-      loaded = Gem.loaded_specs[name]
-      loaded && loaded.version == version
-    end
+      begin
+        loaded = Gem.loaded_specs[name]
+        loaded && loaded.version == version
+      end
   end
 
   def default_gem?
@@ -111,20 +111,23 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
         saved_lineno = $.
 
         Gem.open_file loaded_from, OPEN_MODE do |file|
-          begin
-            file.readline # discard encoding line
-            stubline = file.readline.chomp
-            if stubline.start_with?(PREFIX)
-              extensions = if /\A#{PREFIX}/ =~ file.readline.chomp
-                $'.split "\0"
+          file.readline # discard encoding line
+          stubline = file.readline
+          if stubline.start_with?(PREFIX)
+            extline = file.readline
+
+            extensions =
+              if extline.delete_prefix!(PREFIX)
+                extline.chomp!
+                extline.split "\0"
               else
                 StubLine::NO_EXTENSIONS
               end
 
-              @data = StubLine.new stubline, extensions
-            end
-          rescue EOFError
+            stubline.chomp! # readline(chomp: true) allocates 3x as much as .readline.chomp!
+            @data = StubLine.new stubline, extensions
           end
+        rescue EOFError
         end
       ensure
         $. = saved_lineno
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
   ##
   # The full Gem::Specification for this gem, loaded from evalling its gemspec
 
-  def to_spec
+  def spec
     @spec ||= if @data
       loaded = Gem.loaded_specs[name]
       loaded if loaded && loaded.version == version
@@ -191,6 +194,7 @@ class Gem::StubSpecification < Gem::BasicSpecification
 
     @spec ||= Gem::Specification.load(loaded_from)
   end
+  alias_method :to_spec, :spec
 
   ##
   # Is this StubSpecification valid? i.e. have we found a stub line, OR does
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/text.rb b/lib/rubygems/text.rb
index d6b891380e..da0795b771 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/text.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/text.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,11 @@
 # A collection of text-wrangling methods
 
 module Gem::Text
-
   ##
   # Remove any non-printable characters and make the text suitable for
   # printing.
   def clean_text(text)
-    text.gsub(/[\000-\b\v-\f\016-\037\177]/, ".".freeze)
+    text.gsub(/[\000-\b\v-\f\016-\037\177]/, ".")
   end
 
   def truncate_text(text, description, max_length = 100_000)
@@ -67,7 +66,7 @@ module Gem::Text
     str1.each_codepoint.with_index(1) do |char1, i|
       j = 0
       while j < m
-        cost = (char1 == str2_codepoints[j]) ? 0 : 1
+        cost = char1 == str2_codepoints[j] ? 0 : 1
         x = min3(
           d[j + 1] + 1, # insertion
           i + 1,      # deletion
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/tsort.rb b/lib/rubygems/tsort.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 60ebe22e81..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/tsort.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative "tsort/lib/tsort"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/tsort/lib/tsort.rb b/lib/rubygems/tsort/lib/tsort.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index f68c5947d3..0000000000
--- a/lib/rubygems/tsort/lib/tsort.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,454 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-#--
-# tsort.rb - provides a module for topological sorting and strongly connected components.
-#++
-#
-
-#
-# Gem::TSort implements topological sorting using Tarjan's algorithm for
-# strongly connected components.
-#
-# Gem::TSort is designed to be able to be used with any object which can be
-# interpreted as a directed graph.
-#
-# Gem::TSort requires two methods to interpret an object as a graph,
-# tsort_each_node and tsort_each_child.
-#
-# * tsort_each_node is used to iterate for all nodes over a graph.
-# * tsort_each_child is used to iterate for child nodes of a given node.
-#
-# The equality of nodes are defined by eql? and hash since
-# Gem::TSort uses Hash internally.
-#
-# == A Simple Example
-#
-# The following example demonstrates how to mix the Gem::TSort module into an
-# existing class (in this case, Hash). Here, we're treating each key in
-# the hash as a node in the graph, and so we simply alias the required
-# #tsort_each_node method to Hash's #each_key method. For each key in the
-# hash, the associated value is an array of the node's child nodes. This
-# choice in turn leads to our implementation of the required #tsort_each_child
-# method, which fetches the array of child nodes and then iterates over that
-# array using the user-supplied block.
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/tsort/lib/tsort'
-#
-#   class Hash
-#     include Gem::TSort
-#     alias tsort_each_node each_key
-#     def tsort_each_child(node, &block)
-#       fetch(node).each(&block)
-#     end
-#   end
-#
-#   {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[3], 3=>[], 4=>[]}.tsort
-#   #=> [3, 2, 1, 4]
-#
-#   {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}.strongly_connected_components
-#   #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
-#
-# == A More Realistic Example
-#
-# A very simple `make' like tool can be implemented as follows:
-#
-#   require 'rubygems/tsort/lib/tsort'
-#
-#   class Make
-#     def initialize
-#       @dep = {}
-#       @dep.default = []
-#     end
-#
-#     def rule(outputs, inputs=[], &block)
-#       triple = [outputs, inputs, block]
-#       outputs.each {|f| @dep[f] = [triple]}
-#       @dep[triple] = inputs
-#     end
-#
-#     def build(target)
-#       each_strongly_connected_component_from(target) {|ns|
-#         if ns.length != 1
-#           fs = ns.delete_if {|n| Array === n}
-#           raise Gem::TSort::Cyclic.new("cyclic dependencies: #{fs.join ', '}")
-#         end
-#         n = ns.first
-#         if Array === n
-#           outputs, inputs, block = n
-#           inputs_time = inputs.map {|f| File.mtime f}.max
-#           begin
-#             outputs_time = outputs.map {|f| File.mtime f}.min
-#           rescue Errno::ENOENT
-#             outputs_time = nil
-#           end
-#           if outputs_time == nil ||
-#              inputs_time != nil && outputs_time <= inputs_time
-#             sleep 1 if inputs_time != nil && inputs_time.to_i == Time.now.to_i
-#             block.call
-#           end
-#         end
-#       }
-#     end
-#
-#     def tsort_each_child(node, &block)
-#       @dep[node].each(&block)
-#     end
-#     include Gem::TSort
-#   end
-#
-#   def command(arg)
-#     print arg, "\n"
-#     system arg
-#   end
-#
-#   m = Make.new
-#   m.rule(%w[t1]) { command 'date > t1' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t2]) { command 'date > t2' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t3]) { command 'date > t3' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t4], %w[t1 t3]) { command 'cat t1 t3 > t4' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t5], %w[t4 t2]) { command 'cat t4 t2 > t5' }
-#   m.build('t5')
-#
-# == Bugs
-#
-# * 'tsort.rb' is wrong name because this library uses
-#   Tarjan's algorithm for strongly connected components.
-#   Although 'strongly_connected_components.rb' is correct but too long.
-#
-# == References
-#
-# R. E. Tarjan, "Depth First Search and Linear Graph Algorithms",
-# <em>SIAM Journal on Computing</em>, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 146-160, June 1972.
-#
-
-module Gem
-  module TSort
-    class Cyclic < StandardError
-    end
-
-    # Returns a topologically sorted array of nodes.
-    # The array is sorted from children to parents, i.e.
-    # the first element has no child and the last node has no parent.
-    #
-    # If there is a cycle, Gem::TSort::Cyclic is raised.
-    #
-    #   class G
-    #     include Gem::TSort
-    #     def initialize(g)
-    #       @g = g
-    #     end
-    #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-    #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-    #   p graph.tsort #=> [4, 2, 3, 1]
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-    #   p graph.tsort # raises Gem::TSort::Cyclic
-    #
-    def tsort
-      each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-      each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-      Gem::TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child)
-    end
-
-    # Returns a topologically sorted array of nodes.
-    # The array is sorted from children to parents, i.e.
-    # the first element has no child and the last node has no parent.
-    #
-    # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-    # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-    # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-    #
-    # If there is a cycle, Gem::TSort::Cyclic is raised.
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   p Gem::TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child) #=> [4, 2, 3, 1]
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   p Gem::TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child) # raises Gem::TSort::Cyclic
-    #
-    def TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child)
-      Gem::TSort.tsort_each(each_node, each_child).to_a
-    end
-
-    # The iterator version of the #tsort method.
-    # <tt><em>obj</em>.tsort_each</tt> is similar to <tt><em>obj</em>.tsort.each</tt>, but
-    # modification of _obj_ during the iteration may lead to unexpected results.
-    #
-    # #tsort_each returns +nil+.
-    # If there is a cycle, Gem::TSort::Cyclic is raised.
-    #
-    #   class G
-    #     include Gem::TSort
-    #     def initialize(g)
-    #       @g = g
-    #     end
-    #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-    #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-    #   graph.tsort_each {|n| p n }
-    #   #=> 4
-    #   #   2
-    #   #   3
-    #   #   1
-    #
-    def tsort_each(&block) # :yields: node
-      each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-      each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-      Gem::TSort.tsort_each(each_node, each_child, &block)
-    end
-
-    # The iterator version of the Gem::TSort.tsort method.
-    #
-    # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-    # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-    # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   Gem::TSort.tsort_each(each_node, each_child) {|n| p n }
-    #   #=> 4
-    #   #   2
-    #   #   3
-    #   #   1
-    #
-    def TSort.tsort_each(each_node, each_child) # :yields: node
-      return to_enum(__method__, each_node, each_child) unless block_given?
-
-      Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) {|component|
-        if component.size == 1
-          yield component.first
-        else
-          raise Cyclic.new("topological sort failed: #{component.inspect}")
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    # Returns strongly connected components as an array of arrays of nodes.
-    # The array is sorted from children to parents.
-    # Each elements of the array represents a strongly connected component.
-    #
-    #   class G
-    #     include Gem::TSort
-    #     def initialize(g)
-    #       @g = g
-    #     end
-    #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-    #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-    #   p graph.strongly_connected_components #=> [[4], [2], [3], [1]]
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-    #   p graph.strongly_connected_components #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
-    #
-    def strongly_connected_components
-      each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-      each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-      Gem::TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-    end
-
-    # Returns strongly connected components as an array of arrays of nodes.
-    # The array is sorted from children to parents.
-    # Each elements of the array represents a strongly connected component.
-    #
-    # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-    # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-    # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   p Gem::TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-    #   #=> [[4], [2], [3], [1]]
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   p Gem::TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-    #   #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
-    #
-    def TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-      Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child).to_a
-    end
-
-    # The iterator version of the #strongly_connected_components method.
-    # <tt><em>obj</em>.each_strongly_connected_component</tt> is similar to
-    # <tt><em>obj</em>.strongly_connected_components.each</tt>, but
-    # modification of _obj_ during the iteration may lead to unexpected results.
-    #
-    # #each_strongly_connected_component returns +nil+.
-    #
-    #   class G
-    #     include Gem::TSort
-    #     def initialize(g)
-    #       @g = g
-    #     end
-    #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-    #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-    #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component {|scc| p scc }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2]
-    #   #   [3]
-    #   #   [1]
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-    #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component {|scc| p scc }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2, 3]
-    #   #   [1]
-    #
-    def each_strongly_connected_component(&block) # :yields: nodes
-      each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-      each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-      Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child, &block)
-    end
-
-    # The iterator version of the Gem::TSort.strongly_connected_components method.
-    #
-    # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-    # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-    # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) {|scc| p scc }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2]
-    #   #   [3]
-    #   #   [1]
-    #
-    #   g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-    #   Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) {|scc| p scc }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2, 3]
-    #   #   [1]
-    #
-    def TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) # :yields: nodes
-      return to_enum(__method__, each_node, each_child) unless block_given?
-
-      id_map = {}
-      stack = []
-      each_node.call {|node|
-        unless id_map.include? node
-          Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, each_child, id_map, stack) {|c|
-            yield c
-          }
-        end
-      }
-      nil
-    end
-
-    # Iterates over strongly connected component in the subgraph reachable from
-    # _node_.
-    #
-    # Return value is unspecified.
-    #
-    # #each_strongly_connected_component_from doesn't call #tsort_each_node.
-    #
-    #   class G
-    #     include Gem::TSort
-    #     def initialize(g)
-    #       @g = g
-    #     end
-    #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-    #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-    #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component_from(2) {|scc| p scc }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2]
-    #
-    #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-    #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component_from(2) {|scc| p scc }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2, 3]
-    #
-    def each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, id_map={}, stack=[], &block) # :yields: nodes
-      Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, method(:tsort_each_child), id_map, stack, &block)
-    end
-
-    # Iterates over strongly connected components in a graph.
-    # The graph is represented by _node_ and _each_child_.
-    #
-    # _node_ is the first node.
-    # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument
-    # and yields for each child node.
-    #
-    # Return value is unspecified.
-    #
-    # #Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from is a class method and
-    # it doesn't need a class to represent a graph which includes Gem::TSort.
-    #
-    #   graph = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-    #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| graph[n].each(&b) }
-    #   Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(1, each_child) {|scc|
-    #     p scc
-    #   }
-    #   #=> [4]
-    #   #   [2, 3]
-    #   #   [1]
-    #
-    def TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, each_child, id_map={}, stack=[]) # :yields: nodes
-      return to_enum(__method__, node, each_child, id_map, stack) unless block_given?
-
-      minimum_id = node_id = id_map[node] = id_map.size
-      stack_length = stack.length
-      stack << node
-
-      each_child.call(node) {|child|
-        if id_map.include? child
-          child_id = id_map[child]
-          minimum_id = child_id if child_id && child_id < minimum_id
-        else
-          sub_minimum_id =
-            Gem::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(child, each_child, id_map, stack) {|c|
-              yield c
-            }
-          minimum_id = sub_minimum_id if sub_minimum_id < minimum_id
-        end
-      }
-
-      if node_id == minimum_id
-        component = stack.slice!(stack_length .. -1)
-        component.each {|n| id_map[n] = nil}
-        yield component
-      end
-
-      minimum_id
-    end
-
-    # Should be implemented by a extended class.
-    #
-    # #tsort_each_node is used to iterate for all nodes over a graph.
-    #
-    def tsort_each_node # :yields: node
-      raise NotImplementedError.new
-    end
-
-    # Should be implemented by a extended class.
-    #
-    # #tsort_each_child is used to iterate for child nodes of _node_.
-    #
-    def tsort_each_child(node) # :yields: child
-      raise NotImplementedError.new
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/uninstaller.rb b/lib/rubygems/uninstaller.rb
index 5883ed1c41..c96df2a085 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/uninstaller.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/uninstaller.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
   # Constructs an uninstaller that will uninstall +gem+
 
   def initialize(gem, options = {})
-    # TODO document the valid options
+    # TODO: document the valid options
     @gem                = gem
     @version            = options[:version] || Gem::Requirement.default
     @gem_home           = File.realpath(options[:install_dir] || Gem.dir)
@@ -98,9 +99,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
       raise Gem::InstallError, "gem #{@gem.inspect} is not installed"
     end
 
-    default_specs, list = list.partition do |spec|
-      spec.default_gem?
-    end
+    default_specs, list = list.partition(&:default_gem?)
     warn_cannot_uninstall_default_gems(default_specs - list)
     @default_specs_matching_uninstall_params = default_specs
 
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
     if list.empty?
       return unless other_repo_specs.any?
 
-      other_repos = other_repo_specs.map {|spec| spec.base_dir }.uniq
+      other_repos = other_repo_specs.map(&:base_dir).uniq
 
       message = ["#{@gem} is not installed in GEM_HOME, try:"]
       message.concat other_repos.map {|repo|
@@ -126,7 +125,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
       remove_all list
 
     elsif list.size > 1
-      gem_names = list.map {|gem| gem.full_name }
+      gem_names = list.map(&:full_name)
       gem_names << "All versions"
 
       say
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
 
       if index == list.size
         remove_all list
-      elsif index >= 0 && index < list.size
+      elsif index && index >= 0 && index < list.size
         uninstall_gem list[index]
       else
         say "Error: must enter a number [1-#{list.size + 1}]"
@@ -200,8 +199,8 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
     executables = executables.map {|exec| formatted_program_filename exec }
 
     remove = if @force_executables.nil?
-      ask_yes_no("Remove executables:\n" +
-                 "\t#{executables.join ', '}\n\n" +
+      ask_yes_no("Remove executables:\n" \
+                 "\t#{executables.join ", "}\n\n" \
                  "in addition to the gem?",
                  true)
     else
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
     unless path_ok?(@gem_home, spec) ||
            (@user_install && path_ok?(Gem.user_dir, spec))
       e = Gem::GemNotInHomeException.new \
-            "Gem '#{spec.full_name}' is not installed in directory #{@gem_home}"
+        "Gem '#{spec.full_name}' is not installed in directory #{@gem_home}"
       e.spec = spec
 
       raise e
@@ -341,7 +340,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
       s.name == spec.name && s.full_name != spec.full_name
     end
 
-    spec.dependent_gems(@check_dev).each do |dep_spec, dep, satlist|
+    spec.dependent_gems(@check_dev).each do |dep_spec, dep, _satlist|
       unless siblings.any? {|s| s.satisfies_requirement? dep }
         msg << "#{dep_spec.name}-#{dep_spec.version} depends on #{dep}"
       end
@@ -349,7 +348,7 @@ class Gem::Uninstaller
 
     msg << "If you remove this gem, these dependencies will not be met."
     msg << "Continue with Uninstall?"
-    return ask_yes_no(msg.join("\n"), false)
+    ask_yes_no(msg.join("\n"), false)
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/update_suggestion.rb b/lib/rubygems/update_suggestion.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f3ec5f493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/update_suggestion.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+##
+# Mixin methods for Gem::Command to promote available RubyGems update
+
+module Gem::UpdateSuggestion
+  ONE_WEEK = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60
+
+  ##
+  # Message to promote available RubyGems update with related gem update command.
+
+  def update_suggestion
+    <<-MESSAGE
+
+A new release of RubyGems is available: #{Gem.rubygems_version} → #{Gem.latest_rubygems_version}!
+Run `gem update --system #{Gem.latest_rubygems_version}` to update your installation.
+
+    MESSAGE
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Determines if current environment is eligible for update suggestion.
+
+  def eligible_for_update?
+    # explicit opt-out
+    return false if Gem.configuration[:prevent_update_suggestion]
+    return false if ENV["RUBYGEMS_PREVENT_UPDATE_SUGGESTION"]
+
+    # focus only on human usage of final RubyGems releases
+    return false unless Gem.ui.tty?
+    return false if Gem.rubygems_version.prerelease?
+    return false if Gem.disable_system_update_message
+    return false if Gem::CIDetector.ci?
+
+    # check makes sense only when we can store timestamp of last try
+    # otherwise we will not be able to prevent "annoying" update message
+    # on each command call
+    return unless Gem.configuration.state_file_writable?
+
+    # load time of last check, ensure the difference is enough to repeat the suggestion
+    check_time = Time.now.to_i
+    last_update_check = Gem.configuration.last_update_check
+    return false if (check_time - last_update_check) < ONE_WEEK
+
+    # compare current and latest version, this is the part where
+    # latest rubygems spec is fetched from remote
+    (Gem.rubygems_version < Gem.latest_rubygems_version).tap do |eligible|
+      # store the time of last successful check into state file
+      Gem.configuration.last_update_check = check_time
+
+      return eligible
+    end
+  rescue StandardError # don't block install command on any problem
+    false
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/uri.rb b/lib/rubygems/uri.rb
index 4b5d035aa0..a44aaceba5 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/uri.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/uri.rb
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ class Gem::Uri
   # Parses uri, raising if it's invalid
 
   def self.parse!(uri)
-    require "uri"
+    require_relative "vendor/uri/lib/uri"
 
-    raise URI::InvalidURIError unless uri
+    raise Gem::URI::InvalidURIError unless uri
 
     return uri unless uri.is_a?(String)
 
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ class Gem::Uri
     # as "%7BDESede%7D". If this is escaped again the percentage
     # symbols will be escaped.
     begin
-      URI.parse(uri)
-    rescue URI::InvalidURIError
-      URI.parse(URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.escape(uri))
+      Gem::URI.parse(uri)
+    rescue Gem::URI::InvalidURIError
+      Gem::URI.parse(Gem::URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.escape(uri))
     end
   end
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Gem::Uri
 
   def self.parse(uri)
     parse!(uri)
-  rescue URI::InvalidURIError
+  rescue Gem::URI::InvalidURIError
     uri
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/uri_formatter.rb b/lib/rubygems/uri_formatter.rb
index 3f1d02d774..517ce33637 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/uri_formatter.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/uri_formatter.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class Gem::UriFormatter
   # Normalize the URI by adding "http://" if it is missing.
 
   def normalize
-    (@uri =~ /^(https?|ftp|file):/i) ? @uri : "http://#{@uri}"
+    /^(https?|ftp|file):/i.match?(@uri) ? @uri : "http://#{@uri}"
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/user_interaction.rb b/lib/rubygems/user_interaction.rb
index 2fa505423b..0172c4ee89 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/user_interaction.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/user_interaction.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ require_relative "text"
 # module will have access to the +ui+ method that returns the default UI.
 
 module Gem::DefaultUserInteraction
-
   include Gem::Text
 
   ##
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ module Gem::DefaultUserInteraction
   def use_ui(new_ui, &block)
     Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.use_ui(new_ui, &block)
   end
-
 end
 
 ##
@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@ end
 #   end
 
 module Gem::UserInteraction
-
   include Gem::DefaultUserInteraction
 
   ##
@@ -195,7 +193,7 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
   # then special operations (like asking for passwords) will use the TTY
   # commands to disable character echo.
 
-  def initialize(in_stream, out_stream, err_stream=STDERR, usetty=true)
+  def initialize(in_stream, out_stream, err_stream=$stderr, usetty=true)
     @ins = in_stream
     @outs = out_stream
     @errs = err_stream
@@ -239,7 +237,8 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
     return nil, nil unless result
 
     result = result.strip.to_i - 1
-    return list[result], result
+    return nil, nil unless (0...list.size) === result
+    [list[result], result]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -258,39 +257,38 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
     end
 
     default_answer = case default
-    when nil
-      "yn"
-    when true
-      "Yn"
-    else
-      "yN"
+                     when nil
+                       "yn"
+                     when true
+                       "Yn"
+                     else
+                       "yN"
     end
 
     result = nil
 
     while result.nil? do
       result = case ask "#{question} [#{default_answer}]"
-      when /^y/i then true
-      when /^n/i then false
-      when /^$/  then default
-      else            nil
+               when /^y/i then true
+               when /^n/i then false
+               when /^$/  then default
       end
     end
 
-    return result
+    result
   end
 
   ##
   # Ask a question.  Returns an answer if connected to a tty, nil otherwise.
 
   def ask(question)
-    return nil if !tty?
+    return nil unless tty?
 
     @outs.print(question + "  ")
     @outs.flush
 
     result = @ins.gets
-    result.chomp! if result
+    result&.chomp!
     result
   end
 
@@ -298,14 +296,14 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
   # Ask for a password. Does not echo response to terminal.
 
   def ask_for_password(question)
-    return nil if !tty?
+    return nil unless tty?
 
     @outs.print(question, "  ")
     @outs.flush
 
     password = _gets_noecho
     @outs.puts
-    password.chomp! if password
+    password&.chomp!
     password
   end
 
@@ -428,8 +426,7 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
     # +size+ items.  Shows the given +initial_message+ when progress starts
     # and the +terminal_message+ when it is complete.
 
-    def initialize(out_stream, size, initial_message,
-                   terminal_message = "complete")
+    def initialize(out_stream, size, initial_message, terminal_message = "complete")
       @out = out_stream
       @total = size
       @count = 0
@@ -471,8 +468,7 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
     # +size+ items.  Shows the given +initial_message+ when progress starts
     # and the +terminal_message+ when it is complete.
 
-    def initialize(out_stream, size, initial_message,
-                   terminal_message = "complete")
+    def initialize(out_stream, size, initial_message, terminal_message = "complete")
       @out = out_stream
       @total = size
       @count = 0
@@ -595,8 +591,8 @@ class Gem::StreamUI
 end
 
 ##
-# Subclass of StreamUI that instantiates the user interaction using STDIN,
-# STDOUT, and STDERR.
+# Subclass of StreamUI that instantiates the user interaction using $stdin,
+# $stdout, and $stderr.
 
 class Gem::ConsoleUI < Gem::StreamUI
   ##
@@ -604,7 +600,7 @@ class Gem::ConsoleUI < Gem::StreamUI
   # stdin, output to stdout and warnings or errors to stderr.
 
   def initialize
-    super STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR, true
+    super $stdin, $stdout, $stderr, true
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/util.rb b/lib/rubygems/util.rb
index 356c46a5a1..51f9c2029f 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/util.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/util.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative "deprecate"
 
 ##
 # This module contains various utility methods as module methods.
 
 module Gem::Util
-
   ##
   # Zlib::GzipReader wrapper that unzips +data+.
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module Gem::Util
   # Invokes system, but silences all output.
 
   def self.silent_system(*command)
-    opt = { :out => IO::NULL, :err => [:child, :out] }
+    opt = { out: IO::NULL, err: [:child, :out] }
     if Hash === command.last
       opt.update(command.last)
       cmds = command[0...-1]
@@ -84,7 +84,11 @@ module Gem::Util
 
     here = File.expand_path directory
     loop do
-      Dir.chdir here, &block rescue Errno::EACCES
+      begin
+        Dir.chdir here, &block
+      rescue StandardError
+        Errno::EACCES
+      end
 
       new_here = File.expand_path("..", here)
       return if new_here == here # toplevel
@@ -97,23 +101,18 @@ module Gem::Util
   # returning absolute paths to the matching files.
 
   def self.glob_files_in_dir(glob, base_path)
-    if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.5"
-      Dir.glob(glob, base: base_path).map! {|f| File.expand_path(f, base_path) }
-    else
-      Dir.glob(File.expand_path(glob, base_path))
-    end
+    Dir.glob(glob, base: base_path).map! {|f| File.expand_path(f, base_path) }
   end
 
   ##
-  # Corrects +path+ (usually returned by `URI.parse().path` on Windows), that
+  # Corrects +path+ (usually returned by `Gem::URI.parse().path` on Windows), that
   # comes with a leading slash.
 
   def self.correct_for_windows_path(path)
-    if path[0].chr == "/" && path[1].chr =~ /[a-z]/i && path[2].chr == ":"
+    if path[0].chr == "/" && path[1].chr.match?(/[a-z]/i) && path[2].chr == ":"
       path[1..-1]
     else
       path
     end
   end
-
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/util/licenses.rb b/lib/rubygems/util/licenses.rb
index 96f47781c0..f3c7201639 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/util/licenses.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/util/licenses.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This is generated by generate_spdx_license_list.rb, any edits to this
+# file will be discarded.
+
 require_relative "../text"
 
 class Gem::Licenses
   extend Gem::Text
 
-  NONSTANDARD = "Nonstandard".freeze
-  LICENSE_REF = "LicenseRef-.+".freeze
+  NONSTANDARD = "Nonstandard"
+  LICENSE_REF = "LicenseRef-.+"
 
   # Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) standard open-source software
   # license identifiers
@@ -18,14 +22,13 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     AFL-2.0
     AFL-2.1
     AFL-3.0
-    AGPL-1.0
     AGPL-1.0-only
     AGPL-1.0-or-later
-    AGPL-3.0
     AGPL-3.0-only
     AGPL-3.0-or-later
     AMDPLPA
     AML
+    AML-glslang
     AMPAS
     ANTLR-PD
     ANTLR-PD-fallback
@@ -35,27 +38,34 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     APSL-1.1
     APSL-1.2
     APSL-2.0
+    ASWF-Digital-Assets-1.0
+    ASWF-Digital-Assets-1.1
     Abstyles
+    AdaCore-doc
     Adobe-2006
+    Adobe-Display-PostScript
     Adobe-Glyph
+    Adobe-Utopia
     Afmparse
     Aladdin
     Apache-1.0
     Apache-1.1
     Apache-2.0
+    App-s2p
+    Arphic-1999
     Artistic-1.0
     Artistic-1.0-Perl
     Artistic-1.0-cl8
     Artistic-2.0
     BSD-1-Clause
     BSD-2-Clause
-    BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
-    BSD-2-Clause-NetBSD
+    BSD-2-Clause-Darwin
     BSD-2-Clause-Patent
     BSD-2-Clause-Views
     BSD-3-Clause
     BSD-3-Clause-Attribution
     BSD-3-Clause-Clear
+    BSD-3-Clause-HP
     BSD-3-Clause-LBNL
     BSD-3-Clause-Modification
     BSD-3-Clause-No-Military-License
@@ -63,20 +73,37 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     BSD-3-Clause-No-Nuclear-License-2014
     BSD-3-Clause-No-Nuclear-Warranty
     BSD-3-Clause-Open-MPI
+    BSD-3-Clause-Sun
+    BSD-3-Clause-acpica
+    BSD-3-Clause-flex
     BSD-4-Clause
     BSD-4-Clause-Shortened
     BSD-4-Clause-UC
+    BSD-4.3RENO
+    BSD-4.3TAHOE
+    BSD-Advertising-Acknowledgement
+    BSD-Attribution-HPND-disclaimer
+    BSD-Inferno-Nettverk
     BSD-Protection
     BSD-Source-Code
+    BSD-Source-beginning-file
+    BSD-Systemics
+    BSD-Systemics-W3Works
     BSL-1.0
     BUSL-1.1
+    Baekmuk
     Bahyph
     Barr
     Beerware
     BitTorrent-1.0
     BitTorrent-1.1
+    Bitstream-Charter
+    Bitstream-Vera
     BlueOak-1.0.0
+    Boehm-GC
     Borceux
+    Brian-Gladman-2-Clause
+    Brian-Gladman-3-Clause
     C-UDA-1.0
     CAL-1.0
     CAL-1.0-Combined-Work-Exception
@@ -84,30 +111,43 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     CC-BY-1.0
     CC-BY-2.0
     CC-BY-2.5
+    CC-BY-2.5-AU
     CC-BY-3.0
     CC-BY-3.0-AT
+    CC-BY-3.0-AU
+    CC-BY-3.0-DE
+    CC-BY-3.0-IGO
+    CC-BY-3.0-NL
     CC-BY-3.0-US
     CC-BY-4.0
     CC-BY-NC-1.0
     CC-BY-NC-2.0
     CC-BY-NC-2.5
     CC-BY-NC-3.0
+    CC-BY-NC-3.0-DE
     CC-BY-NC-4.0
     CC-BY-NC-ND-1.0
     CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0
     CC-BY-NC-ND-2.5
     CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0
+    CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0-DE
     CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0-IGO
     CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
     CC-BY-NC-SA-1.0
     CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0
+    CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0-DE
+    CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0-FR
+    CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0-UK
     CC-BY-NC-SA-2.5
     CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0
+    CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0-DE
+    CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0-IGO
     CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0
     CC-BY-ND-1.0
     CC-BY-ND-2.0
     CC-BY-ND-2.5
     CC-BY-ND-3.0
+    CC-BY-ND-3.0-DE
     CC-BY-ND-4.0
     CC-BY-SA-1.0
     CC-BY-SA-2.0
@@ -116,6 +156,8 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     CC-BY-SA-2.5
     CC-BY-SA-3.0
     CC-BY-SA-3.0-AT
+    CC-BY-SA-3.0-DE
+    CC-BY-SA-3.0-IGO
     CC-BY-SA-4.0
     CC-PDDC
     CC0-1.0
@@ -123,6 +165,7 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     CDDL-1.1
     CDL-1.0
     CDLA-Permissive-1.0
+    CDLA-Permissive-2.0
     CDLA-Sharing-1.0
     CECILL-1.0
     CECILL-1.1
@@ -135,22 +178,35 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     CERN-OHL-P-2.0
     CERN-OHL-S-2.0
     CERN-OHL-W-2.0
+    CFITSIO
+    CMU-Mach
+    CMU-Mach-nodoc
     CNRI-Jython
     CNRI-Python
     CNRI-Python-GPL-Compatible
+    COIL-1.0
     CPAL-1.0
     CPL-1.0
     CPOL-1.02
     CUA-OPL-1.0
     Caldera
+    Caldera-no-preamble
     ClArtistic
+    Clips
+    Community-Spec-1.0
     Condor-1.1
+    Cornell-Lossless-JPEG
+    Cronyx
     Crossword
     CrystalStacker
     Cube
     D-FSL-1.0
+    DEC-3-Clause
+    DL-DE-BY-2.0
+    DL-DE-ZERO-2.0
     DOC
     DRL-1.0
+    DRL-1.1
     DSDP
     Dotseqn
     ECL-1.0
@@ -164,33 +220,38 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     EUPL-1.0
     EUPL-1.1
     EUPL-1.2
+    Elastic-2.0
     Entessa
     ErlPL-1.1
     Eurosym
+    FBM
+    FDK-AAC
     FSFAP
+    FSFAP-no-warranty-disclaimer
     FSFUL
     FSFULLR
+    FSFULLRWD
     FTL
     Fair
+    Ferguson-Twofish
     Frameworx-1.0
     FreeBSD-DOC
     FreeImage
+    Furuseth
+    GCR-docs
     GD
-    GFDL-1.1
     GFDL-1.1-invariants-only
     GFDL-1.1-invariants-or-later
     GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-only
     GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
     GFDL-1.1-only
     GFDL-1.1-or-later
-    GFDL-1.2
     GFDL-1.2-invariants-only
     GFDL-1.2-invariants-or-later
     GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-only
     GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-or-later
     GFDL-1.2-only
     GFDL-1.2-or-later
-    GFDL-1.3
     GFDL-1.3-invariants-only
     GFDL-1.3-invariants-or-later
     GFDL-1.3-no-invariants-only
@@ -199,63 +260,73 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     GFDL-1.3-or-later
     GL2PS
     GLWTPL
-    GPL-1.0
-    GPL-1.0+
     GPL-1.0-only
     GPL-1.0-or-later
-    GPL-2.0
-    GPL-2.0+
     GPL-2.0-only
     GPL-2.0-or-later
-    GPL-2.0-with-GCC-exception
-    GPL-2.0-with-autoconf-exception
-    GPL-2.0-with-bison-exception
-    GPL-2.0-with-classpath-exception
-    GPL-2.0-with-font-exception
-    GPL-3.0
-    GPL-3.0+
     GPL-3.0-only
     GPL-3.0-or-later
-    GPL-3.0-with-GCC-exception
-    GPL-3.0-with-autoconf-exception
     Giftware
     Glide
     Glulxe
+    Graphics-Gems
+    HP-1986
+    HP-1989
     HPND
+    HPND-DEC
+    HPND-Fenneberg-Livingston
+    HPND-INRIA-IMAG
+    HPND-Kevlin-Henney
+    HPND-MIT-disclaimer
+    HPND-Markus-Kuhn
+    HPND-Pbmplus
+    HPND-UC
+    HPND-doc
+    HPND-doc-sell
+    HPND-export-US
+    HPND-export-US-modify
+    HPND-sell-MIT-disclaimer-xserver
+    HPND-sell-regexpr
     HPND-sell-variant
+    HPND-sell-variant-MIT-disclaimer
     HTMLTIDY
     HaskellReport
     Hippocratic-2.1
     IBM-pibs
     ICU
+    IEC-Code-Components-EULA
     IJG
+    IJG-short
     IPA
     IPL-1.0
     ISC
+    ISC-Veillard
     ImageMagick
     Imlib2
     Info-ZIP
+    Inner-Net-2.0
     Intel
     Intel-ACPI
     Interbase-1.0
+    JPL-image
     JPNIC
     JSON
+    Jam
     JasPer-2.0
+    Kastrup
+    Kazlib
+    Knuth-CTAN
     LAL-1.2
     LAL-1.3
-    LGPL-2.0
-    LGPL-2.0+
     LGPL-2.0-only
     LGPL-2.0-or-later
-    LGPL-2.1
-    LGPL-2.1+
     LGPL-2.1-only
     LGPL-2.1-or-later
-    LGPL-3.0
-    LGPL-3.0+
     LGPL-3.0-only
     LGPL-3.0-or-later
     LGPLLR
+    LOOP
+    LPD-document
     LPL-1.0
     LPL-1.02
     LPPL-1.0
@@ -263,30 +334,49 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     LPPL-1.2
     LPPL-1.3a
     LPPL-1.3c
+    LZMA-SDK-9.11-to-9.20
+    LZMA-SDK-9.22
     Latex2e
+    Latex2e-translated-notice
     Leptonica
     LiLiQ-P-1.1
     LiLiQ-R-1.1
     LiLiQ-Rplus-1.1
     Libpng
     Linux-OpenIB
+    Linux-man-pages-1-para
+    Linux-man-pages-copyleft
+    Linux-man-pages-copyleft-2-para
+    Linux-man-pages-copyleft-var
+    Lucida-Bitmap-Fonts
     MIT
     MIT-0
     MIT-CMU
+    MIT-Festival
     MIT-Modern-Variant
+    MIT-Wu
     MIT-advertising
     MIT-enna
     MIT-feh
     MIT-open-group
+    MIT-testregex
     MITNFA
+    MMIXware
+    MPEG-SSG
     MPL-1.0
     MPL-1.1
     MPL-2.0
     MPL-2.0-no-copyleft-exception
+    MS-LPL
     MS-PL
     MS-RL
     MTLL
+    Mackerras-3-Clause
+    Mackerras-3-Clause-acknowledgment
     MakeIndex
+    Martin-Birgmeier
+    McPhee-slideshow
+    Minpack
     MirOS
     Motosoto
     MulanPSL-1.0
@@ -299,9 +389,12 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     NCGL-UK-2.0
     NCSA
     NGPL
+    NICTA-1.0
     NIST-PD
     NIST-PD-fallback
+    NIST-Software
     NLOD-1.0
+    NLOD-2.0
     NLPL
     NOSL
     NPL-1.0
@@ -316,12 +409,12 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     Newsletr
     Nokia
     Noweb
-    Nunit
     O-UDA-1.0
     OCCT-PL
     OCLC-2.0
     ODC-By-1.0
     ODbL-1.0
+    OFFIS
     OFL-1.0
     OFL-1.0-RFN
     OFL-1.0-no-RFN
@@ -351,27 +444,37 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     OLDAP-2.6
     OLDAP-2.7
     OLDAP-2.8
+    OLFL-1.3
     OML
     OPL-1.0
+    OPL-UK-3.0
+    OPUBL-1.0
     OSET-PL-2.1
     OSL-1.0
     OSL-1.1
     OSL-2.0
     OSL-2.1
     OSL-3.0
+    OpenPBS-2.3
     OpenSSL
+    OpenSSL-standalone
+    OpenVision
+    PADL
     PDDL-1.0
     PHP-3.0
     PHP-3.01
     PSF-2.0
     Parity-6.0.0
     Parity-7.0.0
+    Pixar
     Plexus
     PolyForm-Noncommercial-1.0.0
     PolyForm-Small-Business-1.0.0
     PostgreSQL
     Python-2.0
+    Python-2.0.1
     QPL-1.0
+    QPL-1.0-INRIA-2004
     Qhull
     RHeCos-1.1
     RPL-1.1
@@ -382,45 +485,65 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     Rdisc
     Ruby
     SAX-PD
+    SAX-PD-2.0
     SCEA
     SGI-B-1.0
     SGI-B-1.1
     SGI-B-2.0
+    SGI-OpenGL
+    SGP4
     SHL-0.5
     SHL-0.51
     SISSL
     SISSL-1.2
+    SL
     SMLNJ
     SMPPL
     SNIA
     SPL-1.0
     SSH-OpenSSH
     SSH-short
+    SSLeay-standalone
     SSPL-1.0
     SWL
     Saxpath
+    SchemeReport
     Sendmail
     Sendmail-8.23
     SimPL-2.0
     Sleepycat
+    Soundex
     Spencer-86
     Spencer-94
     Spencer-99
-    StandardML-NJ
     SugarCRM-1.1.3
+    Sun-PPP
+    SunPro
+    Symlinks
     TAPR-OHL-1.0
     TCL
     TCP-wrappers
+    TGPPL-1.0
     TMate
     TORQUE-1.1
     TOSL
+    TPDL
+    TPL-1.0
+    TTWL
+    TTYP0
     TU-Berlin-1.0
     TU-Berlin-2.0
+    TermReadKey
+    UCAR
     UCL-1.0
+    UMich-Merit
     UPL-1.0
+    URT-RLE
+    Unicode-3.0
     Unicode-DFS-2015
     Unicode-DFS-2016
     Unicode-TOU
+    UnixCrypt
     Unlicense
     VOSTROM
     VSL-1.0
@@ -430,11 +553,15 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     W3C-20150513
     WTFPL
     Watcom-1.0
+    Widget-Workshop
     Wsuipa
     X11
+    X11-distribute-modifications-variant
     XFree86-1.1
     XSkat
+    Xdebug-1.03
     Xerox
+    Xfig
     Xnet
     YPL-1.0
     YPL-1.1
@@ -442,41 +569,103 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     ZPL-2.0
     ZPL-2.1
     Zed
+    Zeeff
     Zend-2.0
     Zimbra-1.3
     Zimbra-1.4
     Zlib
+    bcrypt-Solar-Designer
     blessing
-    bzip2-1.0.5
     bzip2-1.0.6
+    check-cvs
+    checkmk
     copyleft-next-0.3.0
     copyleft-next-0.3.1
     curl
     diffmark
+    dtoa
     dvipdfm
-    eCos-2.0
     eGenix
     etalab-2.0
+    fwlw
     gSOAP-1.3b
     gnuplot
+    gtkbook
+    hdparm
     iMatix
     libpng-2.0
     libselinux-1.0
     libtiff
+    libutil-David-Nugent
+    lsof
+    magaz
+    mailprio
+    metamail
+    mpi-permissive
     mpich2
+    mplus
+    pnmstitch
     psfrag
     psutils
-    wxWindows
+    python-ldap
+    radvd
+    snprintf
+    softSurfer
+    ssh-keyscan
+    swrule
+    ulem
+    w3m
     xinetd
+    xkeyboard-config-Zinoviev
+    xlock
     xpp
     zlib-acknowledgement
   ].freeze
 
+  DEPRECATED_LICENSE_IDENTIFIERS = %w[
+    AGPL-1.0
+    AGPL-3.0
+    BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
+    BSD-2-Clause-NetBSD
+    GFDL-1.1
+    GFDL-1.2
+    GFDL-1.3
+    GPL-1.0
+    GPL-1.0+
+    GPL-2.0
+    GPL-2.0+
+    GPL-2.0-with-GCC-exception
+    GPL-2.0-with-autoconf-exception
+    GPL-2.0-with-bison-exception
+    GPL-2.0-with-classpath-exception
+    GPL-2.0-with-font-exception
+    GPL-3.0
+    GPL-3.0+
+    GPL-3.0-with-GCC-exception
+    GPL-3.0-with-autoconf-exception
+    LGPL-2.0
+    LGPL-2.0+
+    LGPL-2.1
+    LGPL-2.1+
+    LGPL-3.0
+    LGPL-3.0+
+    Nunit
+    StandardML-NJ
+    bzip2-1.0.5
+    eCos-2.0
+    wxWindows
+  ].freeze
+
   # exception identifiers
   EXCEPTION_IDENTIFIERS = %w[
     389-exception
+    Asterisk-exception
     Autoconf-exception-2.0
     Autoconf-exception-3.0
+    Autoconf-exception-generic
+    Autoconf-exception-generic-3.0
+    Autoconf-exception-macro
+    Bison-exception-1.24
     Bison-exception-2.2
     Bootloader-exception
     CLISP-exception-2.0
@@ -486,38 +675,62 @@ class Gem::Licenses
     Fawkes-Runtime-exception
     Font-exception-2.0
     GCC-exception-2.0
+    GCC-exception-2.0-note
     GCC-exception-3.1
+    GNAT-exception
+    GNOME-examples-exception
+    GNU-compiler-exception
+    GPL-3.0-interface-exception
     GPL-3.0-linking-exception
     GPL-3.0-linking-source-exception
     GPL-CC-1.0
+    GStreamer-exception-2005
+    GStreamer-exception-2008
+    Gmsh-exception
+    KiCad-libraries-exception
     LGPL-3.0-linking-exception
+    LLGPL
     LLVM-exception
     LZMA-exception
     Libtool-exception
     Linux-syscall-note
-    Nokia-Qt-exception-1.1
     OCCT-exception-1.0
     OCaml-LGPL-linking-exception
     OpenJDK-assembly-exception-1.0
     PS-or-PDF-font-exception-20170817
+    QPL-1.0-INRIA-2004-exception
     Qt-GPL-exception-1.0
     Qt-LGPL-exception-1.1
     Qwt-exception-1.0
+    SANE-exception
     SHL-2.0
     SHL-2.1
+    SWI-exception
     Swift-exception
+    Texinfo-exception
+    UBDL-exception
     Universal-FOSS-exception-1.0
     WxWindows-exception-3.1
+    cryptsetup-OpenSSL-exception
     eCos-exception-2.0
+    fmt-exception
     freertos-exception-2.0
     gnu-javamail-exception
     i2p-gpl-java-exception
+    libpri-OpenH323-exception
     mif-exception
     openvpn-openssl-exception
+    stunnel-exception
     u-boot-exception-2.0
+    vsftpd-openssl-exception
+    x11vnc-openssl-exception
+  ].freeze
+
+  DEPRECATED_EXCEPTION_IDENTIFIERS = %w[
+    Nokia-Qt-exception-1.1
   ].freeze
 
-  REGEXP = %r{
+  VALID_REGEXP = /
     \A
     (?:
       #{Regexp.union(LICENSE_IDENTIFIERS)}
@@ -527,10 +740,34 @@ class Gem::Licenses
       | #{LICENSE_REF}
     )
     \Z
-  }ox.freeze
+  /ox
+
+  DEPRECATED_LICENSE_REGEXP = /
+    \A
+    #{Regexp.union(DEPRECATED_LICENSE_IDENTIFIERS)}
+    \+?
+    (?:\s WITH \s .+?)?
+    \Z
+  /ox
+
+  DEPRECATED_EXCEPTION_REGEXP = /
+    \A
+    .+?
+    \+?
+    (?:\s WITH \s #{Regexp.union(DEPRECATED_EXCEPTION_IDENTIFIERS)})
+    \Z
+  /ox
 
   def self.match?(license)
-    !REGEXP.match(license).nil?
+    VALID_REGEXP.match?(license)
+  end
+
+  def self.deprecated_license_id?(license)
+    DEPRECATED_LICENSE_REGEXP.match?(license)
+  end
+
+  def self.deprecated_exception_id?(license)
+    DEPRECATED_EXCEPTION_REGEXP.match?(license)
   end
 
   def self.suggestions(license)
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/util/list.rb b/lib/rubygems/util/list.rb
index 33c40af4bb..2899e8a2b9 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/util/list.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/util/list.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Gem
-  class List
+  # The Gem::List class is currently unused and will be removed in the next major rubygems version
+  class List # :nodoc:
     include Enumerable
     attr_accessor :value, :tail
 
@@ -34,4 +36,5 @@ module Gem
       List.new value, list
     end
   end
+  deprecate_constant :List
 end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/validator.rb b/lib/rubygems/validator.rb
index 1609924607..57e0747eb4 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/validator.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/validator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ class Gem::Validator
     installed_files = []
 
     Find.find gem_directory do |file_name|
-      fn = file_name[gem_directory.size..file_name.size - 1].sub(/^\//, "")
+      fn = file_name[gem_directory.size..file_name.size - 1].sub(%r{^/}, "")
       installed_files << fn unless
         fn.empty? || fn.include?("CVS") || File.directory?(file_name)
     end
@@ -62,7 +63,9 @@ class Gem::Validator
     errors = Hash.new {|h,k| h[k] = {} }
 
     Gem::Specification.each do |spec|
-      next unless gems.include? spec.name unless gems.empty?
+      unless gems.empty?
+        next unless gems.include? spec.name
+      end
       next if spec.default_gem?
 
       gem_name      = spec.file_name
@@ -87,7 +90,7 @@ class Gem::Validator
 
         good, gone, unreadable = nil, nil, nil, nil
 
-        File.open gem_path, Gem.binary_mode do |file|
+        File.open gem_path, Gem.binary_mode do |_file|
           package = Gem::Package.new gem_path
 
           good, gone = package.contents.partition do |file_name|
@@ -107,15 +110,13 @@ class Gem::Validator
           end
 
           good.each do |entry, data|
-            begin
-              next unless data # HACK `gem check -a mkrf`
+            next unless data # HACK: `gem check -a mkrf`
 
-              source = File.join gem_directory, entry["path"]
+            source = File.join gem_directory, entry["path"]
 
-              File.open source, Gem.binary_mode do |f|
-                unless f.read == data
-                  errors[gem_name][entry["path"]] = "Modified from original"
-                end
+            File.open source, Gem.binary_mode do |f|
+              unless f.read == data
+                errors[gem_name][entry["path"]] = "Modified from original"
               end
             end
           end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/.document b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dd5600c9e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'molinillo/gem_metadata'
+require_relative 'molinillo/errors'
+require_relative 'molinillo/resolver'
+require_relative 'molinillo/modules/ui'
+require_relative 'molinillo/modules/specification_provider'
+
+# Gem::Molinillo is a generic dependency resolution algorithm.
+module Gem::Molinillo
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34842d46d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/resolution_state.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # @!visibility private
+  module Delegates
+    # Delegates all {Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState} methods to a `#state` property.
+    module ResolutionState
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#name)
+      def name
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.name
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#requirements)
+      def requirements
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.requirements
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#activated)
+      def activated
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.activated
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#requirement)
+      def requirement
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.requirement
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#possibilities)
+      def possibilities
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.possibilities
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#depth)
+      def depth
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.depth
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#conflicts)
+      def conflicts
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.conflicts
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState#unused_unwind_options)
+      def unused_unwind_options
+        current_state = state || Gem::Molinillo::ResolutionState.empty
+        current_state.unused_unwind_options
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8417721537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/delegates/specification_provider.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  module Delegates
+    # Delegates all {Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider} methods to a
+    # `#specification_provider` property.
+    module SpecificationProvider
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#search_for)
+      def search_for(dependency)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.search_for(dependency)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#dependencies_for)
+      def dependencies_for(specification)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.dependencies_for(specification)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#requirement_satisfied_by?)
+      def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#dependencies_equal?)
+      def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for)
+      def name_for(dependency)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.name_for(dependency)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for_explicit_dependency_source)
+      def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.name_for_explicit_dependency_source
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#name_for_locking_dependency_source)
+      def name_for_locking_dependency_source
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.name_for_locking_dependency_source
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#sort_dependencies)
+      def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # (see Gem::Molinillo::SpecificationProvider#allow_missing?)
+      def allow_missing?(dependency)
+        with_no_such_dependency_error_handling do
+          specification_provider.allow_missing?(dependency)
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Ensures any raised {NoSuchDependencyError} has its
+      # {NoSuchDependencyError#required_by} set.
+      # @yield
+      def with_no_such_dependency_error_handling
+        yield
+      rescue NoSuchDependencyError => error
+        if state
+          vertex = activated.vertex_named(name_for(error.dependency))
+          error.required_by += vertex.incoming_edges.map { |e| e.origin.name }
+          error.required_by << name_for_explicit_dependency_source unless vertex.explicit_requirements.empty?
+        end
+        raise
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2dbbc589dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative '../../../../vendored_tsort'
+
+require_relative 'dependency_graph/log'
+require_relative 'dependency_graph/vertex'
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # A directed acyclic graph that is tuned to hold named dependencies
+  class DependencyGraph
+    include Enumerable
+
+    # Enumerates through the vertices of the graph.
+    # @return [Array<Vertex>] The graph's vertices.
+    def each
+      return vertices.values.each unless block_given?
+      vertices.values.each { |v| yield v }
+    end
+
+    include Gem::TSort
+
+    # @!visibility private
+    alias tsort_each_node each
+
+    # @!visibility private
+    def tsort_each_child(vertex, &block)
+      vertex.successors.each(&block)
+    end
+
+    # Topologically sorts the given vertices.
+    # @param [Enumerable<Vertex>] vertices the vertices to be sorted, which must
+    #   all belong to the same graph.
+    # @return [Array<Vertex>] The sorted vertices.
+    def self.tsort(vertices)
+      Gem::TSort.tsort(
+        lambda { |b| vertices.each(&b) },
+        lambda { |v, &b| (v.successors & vertices).each(&b) }
+      )
+    end
+
+    # A directed edge of a {DependencyGraph}
+    # @attr [Vertex] origin The origin of the directed edge
+    # @attr [Vertex] destination The destination of the directed edge
+    # @attr [Object] requirement The requirement the directed edge represents
+    Edge = Struct.new(:origin, :destination, :requirement)
+
+    # @return [{String => Vertex}] the vertices of the dependency graph, keyed
+    #   by {Vertex#name}
+    attr_reader :vertices
+
+    # @return [Log] the op log for this graph
+    attr_reader :log
+
+    # Initializes an empty dependency graph
+    def initialize
+      @vertices = {}
+      @log = Log.new
+    end
+
+    # Tags the current state of the dependency as the given tag
+    # @param  [Object] tag an opaque tag for the current state of the graph
+    # @return [Void]
+    def tag(tag)
+      log.tag(self, tag)
+    end
+
+    # Rewinds the graph to the state tagged as `tag`
+    # @param  [Object] tag the tag to rewind to
+    # @return [Void]
+    def rewind_to(tag)
+      log.rewind_to(self, tag)
+    end
+
+    # Initializes a copy of a {DependencyGraph}, ensuring that all {#vertices}
+    # are properly copied.
+    # @param [DependencyGraph] other the graph to copy.
+    def initialize_copy(other)
+      super
+      @vertices = {}
+      @log = other.log.dup
+      traverse = lambda do |new_v, old_v|
+        return if new_v.outgoing_edges.size == old_v.outgoing_edges.size
+        old_v.outgoing_edges.each do |edge|
+          destination = add_vertex(edge.destination.name, edge.destination.payload)
+          add_edge_no_circular(new_v, destination, edge.requirement)
+          traverse.call(destination, edge.destination)
+        end
+      end
+      other.vertices.each do |name, vertex|
+        new_vertex = add_vertex(name, vertex.payload, vertex.root?)
+        new_vertex.explicit_requirements.replace(vertex.explicit_requirements)
+        traverse.call(new_vertex, vertex)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @return [String] a string suitable for debugging
+    def inspect
+      "#{self.class}:#{vertices.values.inspect}"
+    end
+
+    # @param [Hash] options options for dot output.
+    # @return [String] Returns a dot format representation of the graph
+    def to_dot(options = {})
+      edge_label = options.delete(:edge_label)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Unknown options: #{options.keys}" unless options.empty?
+
+      dot_vertices = []
+      dot_edges = []
+      vertices.each do |n, v|
+        dot_vertices << "  #{n} [label=\"{#{n}|#{v.payload}}\"]"
+        v.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
+          label = edge_label ? edge_label.call(e) : e.requirement
+          dot_edges << "  #{e.origin.name} -> #{e.destination.name} [label=#{label.to_s.dump}]"
+        end
+      end
+
+      dot_vertices.uniq!
+      dot_vertices.sort!
+      dot_edges.uniq!
+      dot_edges.sort!
+
+      dot = dot_vertices.unshift('digraph G {').push('') + dot_edges.push('}')
+      dot.join("\n")
+    end
+
+    # @param [DependencyGraph] other
+    # @return [Boolean] whether the two dependency graphs are equal, determined
+    #   by a recursive traversal of each {#root_vertices} and its
+    #   {Vertex#successors}
+    def ==(other)
+      return false unless other
+      return true if equal?(other)
+      vertices.each do |name, vertex|
+        other_vertex = other.vertex_named(name)
+        return false unless other_vertex
+        return false unless vertex.payload == other_vertex.payload
+        return false unless other_vertex.successors.to_set == vertex.successors.to_set
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @param [String] name
+    # @param [Object] payload
+    # @param [Array<String>] parent_names
+    # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that is requiring the child
+    # @return [void]
+    def add_child_vertex(name, payload, parent_names, requirement)
+      root = !parent_names.delete(nil) { true }
+      vertex = add_vertex(name, payload, root)
+      vertex.explicit_requirements << requirement if root
+      parent_names.each do |parent_name|
+        parent_vertex = vertex_named(parent_name)
+        add_edge(parent_vertex, vertex, requirement)
+      end
+      vertex
+    end
+
+    # Adds a vertex with the given name, or updates the existing one.
+    # @param [String] name
+    # @param [Object] payload
+    # @return [Vertex] the vertex that was added to `self`
+    def add_vertex(name, payload, root = false)
+      log.add_vertex(self, name, payload, root)
+    end
+
+    # Detaches the {#vertex_named} `name` {Vertex} from the graph, recursively
+    # removing any non-root vertices that were orphaned in the process
+    # @param [String] name
+    # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices which have been detached
+    def detach_vertex_named(name)
+      log.detach_vertex_named(self, name)
+    end
+
+    # @param [String] name
+    # @return [Vertex,nil] the vertex with the given name
+    def vertex_named(name)
+      vertices[name]
+    end
+
+    # @param [String] name
+    # @return [Vertex,nil] the root vertex with the given name
+    def root_vertex_named(name)
+      vertex = vertex_named(name)
+      vertex if vertex && vertex.root?
+    end
+
+    # Adds a new {Edge} to the dependency graph
+    # @param [Vertex] origin
+    # @param [Vertex] destination
+    # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that this edge represents
+    # @return [Edge] the added edge
+    def add_edge(origin, destination, requirement)
+      if destination.path_to?(origin)
+        raise CircularDependencyError.new(path(destination, origin))
+      end
+      add_edge_no_circular(origin, destination, requirement)
+    end
+
+    # Deletes an {Edge} from the dependency graph
+    # @param [Edge] edge
+    # @return [Void]
+    def delete_edge(edge)
+      log.delete_edge(self, edge.origin.name, edge.destination.name, edge.requirement)
+    end
+
+    # Sets the payload of the vertex with the given name
+    # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
+    # @param [Object] payload the payload
+    # @return [Void]
+    def set_payload(name, payload)
+      log.set_payload(self, name, payload)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Adds a new {Edge} to the dependency graph without checking for
+    # circularity.
+    # @param (see #add_edge)
+    # @return (see #add_edge)
+    def add_edge_no_circular(origin, destination, requirement)
+      log.add_edge_no_circular(self, origin.name, destination.name, requirement)
+    end
+
+    # Returns the path between two vertices
+    # @raise [ArgumentError] if there is no path between the vertices
+    # @param [Vertex] from
+    # @param [Vertex] to
+    # @return [Array<Vertex>] the shortest path from `from` to `to`
+    def path(from, to)
+      distances = Hash.new(vertices.size + 1)
+      distances[from.name] = 0
+      predecessors = {}
+      each do |vertex|
+        vertex.successors.each do |successor|
+          if distances[successor.name] > distances[vertex.name] + 1
+            distances[successor.name] = distances[vertex.name] + 1
+            predecessors[successor] = vertex
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      path = [to]
+      while before = predecessors[to]
+        path << before
+        to = before
+        break if to == from
+      end
+
+      unless path.last.equal?(from)
+        raise ArgumentError, "There is no path from #{from.name} to #{to.name}"
+      end
+
+      path.reverse
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8707ec451d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/action.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # An action that modifies a {DependencyGraph} that is reversible.
+    # @abstract
+    class Action
+      # rubocop:disable Lint/UnusedMethodArgument
+
+      # @return [Symbol] The name of the action.
+      def self.action_name
+        raise 'Abstract'
+      end
+
+      # Performs the action on the given graph.
+      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to perform the action on.
+      # @return [Void]
+      def up(graph)
+        raise 'Abstract'
+      end
+
+      # Reverses the action on the given graph.
+      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to reverse the action on.
+      # @return [Void]
+      def down(graph)
+        raise 'Abstract'
+      end
+
+      # @return [Action,Nil] The previous action
+      attr_accessor :previous
+
+      # @return [Action,Nil] The next action
+      attr_accessor :next
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa9815c5ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_edge_no_circular.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'action'
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # @!visibility private
+    # (see DependencyGraph#add_edge_no_circular)
+    class AddEdgeNoCircular < Action
+      # @!group Action
+
+      # (see Action.action_name)
+      def self.action_name
+        :add_vertex
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#up)
+      def up(graph)
+        edge = make_edge(graph)
+        edge.origin.outgoing_edges << edge
+        edge.destination.incoming_edges << edge
+        edge
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#down)
+      def down(graph)
+        edge = make_edge(graph)
+        delete_first(edge.origin.outgoing_edges, edge)
+        delete_first(edge.destination.incoming_edges, edge)
+      end
+
+      # @!group AddEdgeNoCircular
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the origin of the edge
+      attr_reader :origin
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the destination of the edge
+      attr_reader :destination
+
+      # @return [Object] the requirement that the edge represents
+      attr_reader :requirement
+
+      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to find vertices from
+      # @return [Edge] The edge this action adds
+      def make_edge(graph)
+        Edge.new(graph.vertex_named(origin), graph.vertex_named(destination), requirement)
+      end
+
+      # Initialize an action to add an edge to a dependency graph
+      # @param [String] origin the name of the origin of the edge
+      # @param [String] destination the name of the destination of the edge
+      # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that the edge represents
+      def initialize(origin, destination, requirement)
+        @origin = origin
+        @destination = destination
+        @requirement = requirement
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def delete_first(array, item)
+        return unless index = array.index(item)
+        array.delete_at(index)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c7066a669
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/add_vertex.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'action'
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # @!visibility private
+    # (see DependencyGraph#add_vertex)
+    class AddVertex < Action # :nodoc:
+      # @!group Action
+
+      # (see Action.action_name)
+      def self.action_name
+        :add_vertex
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#up)
+      def up(graph)
+        if existing = graph.vertices[name]
+          @existing_payload = existing.payload
+          @existing_root = existing.root
+        end
+        vertex = existing || Vertex.new(name, payload)
+        graph.vertices[vertex.name] = vertex
+        vertex.payload ||= payload
+        vertex.root ||= root
+        vertex
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#down)
+      def down(graph)
+        if defined?(@existing_payload)
+          vertex = graph.vertices[name]
+          vertex.payload = @existing_payload
+          vertex.root = @existing_root
+        else
+          graph.vertices.delete(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @!group AddVertex
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
+      attr_reader :name
+
+      # @return [Object] the payload for the vertex
+      attr_reader :payload
+
+      # @return [Boolean] whether the vertex is root or not
+      attr_reader :root
+
+      # Initialize an action to add a vertex to a dependency graph
+      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
+      # @param [Object] payload the payload for the vertex
+      # @param [Boolean] root whether the vertex is root or not
+      def initialize(name, payload, root)
+        @name = name
+        @payload = payload
+        @root = root
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e62c0a0b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/delete_edge.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'action'
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # @!visibility private
+    # (see DependencyGraph#delete_edge)
+    class DeleteEdge < Action
+      # @!group Action
+
+      # (see Action.action_name)
+      def self.action_name
+        :delete_edge
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#up)
+      def up(graph)
+        edge = make_edge(graph)
+        edge.origin.outgoing_edges.delete(edge)
+        edge.destination.incoming_edges.delete(edge)
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#down)
+      def down(graph)
+        edge = make_edge(graph)
+        edge.origin.outgoing_edges << edge
+        edge.destination.incoming_edges << edge
+        edge
+      end
+
+      # @!group DeleteEdge
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the origin of the edge
+      attr_reader :origin_name
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the destination of the edge
+      attr_reader :destination_name
+
+      # @return [Object] the requirement that the edge represents
+      attr_reader :requirement
+
+      # @param  [DependencyGraph] graph the graph to find vertices from
+      # @return [Edge] The edge this action adds
+      def make_edge(graph)
+        Edge.new(
+          graph.vertex_named(origin_name),
+          graph.vertex_named(destination_name),
+          requirement
+        )
+      end
+
+      # Initialize an action to add an edge to a dependency graph
+      # @param [String] origin_name the name of the origin of the edge
+      # @param [String] destination_name the name of the destination of the edge
+      # @param [Object] requirement the requirement that the edge represents
+      def initialize(origin_name, destination_name, requirement)
+        @origin_name = origin_name
+        @destination_name = destination_name
+        @requirement = requirement
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6132f969b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/detach_vertex_named.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'action'
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # @!visibility private
+    # @see DependencyGraph#detach_vertex_named
+    class DetachVertexNamed < Action
+      # @!group Action
+
+      # (see Action#name)
+      def self.action_name
+        :add_vertex
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#up)
+      def up(graph)
+        return [] unless @vertex = graph.vertices.delete(name)
+
+        removed_vertices = [@vertex]
+        @vertex.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
+          v = e.destination
+          v.incoming_edges.delete(e)
+          if !v.root? && v.incoming_edges.empty?
+            removed_vertices.concat graph.detach_vertex_named(v.name)
+          end
+        end
+
+        @vertex.incoming_edges.each do |e|
+          v = e.origin
+          v.outgoing_edges.delete(e)
+        end
+
+        removed_vertices
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#down)
+      def down(graph)
+        return unless @vertex
+        graph.vertices[@vertex.name] = @vertex
+        @vertex.outgoing_edges.each do |e|
+          e.destination.incoming_edges << e
+        end
+        @vertex.incoming_edges.each do |e|
+          e.origin.outgoing_edges << e
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @!group DetachVertexNamed
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the vertex to detach
+      attr_reader :name
+
+      # Initialize an action to detach a vertex from a dependency graph
+      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex to detach
+      def initialize(name)
+        @name = name
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6954c4b1f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/log.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'add_edge_no_circular'
+require_relative 'add_vertex'
+require_relative 'delete_edge'
+require_relative 'detach_vertex_named'
+require_relative 'set_payload'
+require_relative 'tag'
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # A log for dependency graph actions
+    class Log
+      # Initializes an empty log
+      def initialize
+        @current_action = @first_action = nil
+      end
+
+      # @!macro [new] action
+      #   {include:DependencyGraph#$0}
+      #   @param [Graph] graph the graph to perform the action on
+      #   @param (see DependencyGraph#$0)
+      #   @return (see DependencyGraph#$0)
+
+      # @macro action
+      def tag(graph, tag)
+        push_action(graph, Tag.new(tag))
+      end
+
+      # @macro action
+      def add_vertex(graph, name, payload, root)
+        push_action(graph, AddVertex.new(name, payload, root))
+      end
+
+      # @macro action
+      def detach_vertex_named(graph, name)
+        push_action(graph, DetachVertexNamed.new(name))
+      end
+
+      # @macro action
+      def add_edge_no_circular(graph, origin, destination, requirement)
+        push_action(graph, AddEdgeNoCircular.new(origin, destination, requirement))
+      end
+
+      # {include:DependencyGraph#delete_edge}
+      # @param [Graph] graph the graph to perform the action on
+      # @param [String] origin_name
+      # @param [String] destination_name
+      # @param [Object] requirement
+      # @return (see DependencyGraph#delete_edge)
+      def delete_edge(graph, origin_name, destination_name, requirement)
+        push_action(graph, DeleteEdge.new(origin_name, destination_name, requirement))
+      end
+
+      # @macro action
+      def set_payload(graph, name, payload)
+        push_action(graph, SetPayload.new(name, payload))
+      end
+
+      # Pops the most recent action from the log and undoes the action
+      # @param [DependencyGraph] graph
+      # @return [Action] the action that was popped off the log
+      def pop!(graph)
+        return unless action = @current_action
+        unless @current_action = action.previous
+          @first_action = nil
+        end
+        action.down(graph)
+        action
+      end
+
+      extend Enumerable
+
+      # @!visibility private
+      # Enumerates each action in the log
+      # @yield [Action]
+      def each
+        return enum_for unless block_given?
+        action = @first_action
+        loop do
+          break unless action
+          yield action
+          action = action.next
+        end
+        self
+      end
+
+      # @!visibility private
+      # Enumerates each action in the log in reverse order
+      # @yield [Action]
+      def reverse_each
+        return enum_for(:reverse_each) unless block_given?
+        action = @current_action
+        loop do
+          break unless action
+          yield action
+          action = action.previous
+        end
+        self
+      end
+
+      # @macro action
+      def rewind_to(graph, tag)
+        loop do
+          action = pop!(graph)
+          raise "No tag #{tag.inspect} found" unless action
+          break if action.class.action_name == :tag && action.tag == tag
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Adds the given action to the log, running the action
+      # @param [DependencyGraph] graph
+      # @param [Action] action
+      # @return The value returned by `action.up`
+      def push_action(graph, action)
+        action.previous = @current_action
+        @current_action.next = action if @current_action
+        @current_action = action
+        @first_action ||= action
+        action.up(graph)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bcaaae0f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/set_payload.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'action'
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # @!visibility private
+    # @see DependencyGraph#set_payload
+    class SetPayload < Action # :nodoc:
+      # @!group Action
+
+      # (see Action.action_name)
+      def self.action_name
+        :set_payload
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#up)
+      def up(graph)
+        vertex = graph.vertex_named(name)
+        @old_payload = vertex.payload
+        vertex.payload = payload
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#down)
+      def down(graph)
+        graph.vertex_named(name).payload = @old_payload
+      end
+
+      # @!group SetPayload
+
+      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
+      attr_reader :name
+
+      # @return [Object] the payload for the vertex
+      attr_reader :payload
+
+      # Initialize an action to add set the payload for a vertex in a dependency
+      # graph
+      # @param [String] name the name of the vertex
+      # @param [Object] payload the payload for the vertex
+      def initialize(name, payload)
+        @name = name
+        @payload = payload
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..62f243a2af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/tag.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'action'
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # @!visibility private
+    # @see DependencyGraph#tag
+    class Tag < Action
+      # @!group Action
+
+      # (see Action.action_name)
+      def self.action_name
+        :tag
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#up)
+      def up(graph)
+      end
+
+      # (see Action#down)
+      def down(graph)
+      end
+
+      # @!group Tag
+
+      # @return [Object] An opaque tag
+      attr_reader :tag
+
+      # Initialize an action to tag a state of a dependency graph
+      # @param [Object] tag an opaque tag
+      def initialize(tag)
+        @tag = tag
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..074de369be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/dependency_graph/vertex.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class DependencyGraph
+    # A vertex in a {DependencyGraph} that encapsulates a {#name} and a
+    # {#payload}
+    class Vertex
+      # @return [String] the name of the vertex
+      attr_accessor :name
+
+      # @return [Object] the payload the vertex holds
+      attr_accessor :payload
+
+      # @return [Array<Object>] the explicit requirements that required
+      #   this vertex
+      attr_reader :explicit_requirements
+
+      # @return [Boolean] whether the vertex is considered a root vertex
+      attr_accessor :root
+      alias root? root
+
+      # Initializes a vertex with the given name and payload.
+      # @param [String] name see {#name}
+      # @param [Object] payload see {#payload}
+      def initialize(name, payload)
+        @name = name.frozen? ? name : name.dup.freeze
+        @payload = payload
+        @explicit_requirements = []
+        @outgoing_edges = []
+        @incoming_edges = []
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array<Object>] all of the requirements that required
+      #   this vertex
+      def requirements
+        (incoming_edges.map(&:requirement) + explicit_requirements).uniq
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array<Edge>] the edges of {#graph} that have `self` as their
+      #   {Edge#origin}
+      attr_accessor :outgoing_edges
+
+      # @return [Array<Edge>] the edges of {#graph} that have `self` as their
+      #   {Edge#destination}
+      attr_accessor :incoming_edges
+
+      # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} that have an edge with
+      #   `self` as their {Edge#destination}
+      def predecessors
+        incoming_edges.map(&:origin)
+      end
+
+      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is a
+      #   {#descendent?}
+      def recursive_predecessors
+        _recursive_predecessors
+      end
+
+      # @param [Set<Vertex>] vertices the set to add the predecessors to
+      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is a
+      #   {#descendent?}
+      def _recursive_predecessors(vertices = new_vertex_set)
+        incoming_edges.each do |edge|
+          vertex = edge.origin
+          next unless vertices.add?(vertex)
+          vertex._recursive_predecessors(vertices)
+        end
+
+        vertices
+      end
+      protected :_recursive_predecessors
+
+      # @return [Array<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} that have an edge with
+      #   `self` as their {Edge#origin}
+      def successors
+        outgoing_edges.map(&:destination)
+      end
+
+      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is an
+      #   {#ancestor?}
+      def recursive_successors
+        _recursive_successors
+      end
+
+      # @param [Set<Vertex>] vertices the set to add the successors to
+      # @return [Set<Vertex>] the vertices of {#graph} where `self` is an
+      #   {#ancestor?}
+      def _recursive_successors(vertices = new_vertex_set)
+        outgoing_edges.each do |edge|
+          vertex = edge.destination
+          next unless vertices.add?(vertex)
+          vertex._recursive_successors(vertices)
+        end
+
+        vertices
+      end
+      protected :_recursive_successors
+
+      # @return [String] a string suitable for debugging
+      def inspect
+        "#{self.class}:#{name}(#{payload.inspect})"
+      end
+
+      # @return [Boolean] whether the two vertices are equal, determined
+      #   by a recursive traversal of each {Vertex#successors}
+      def ==(other)
+        return true if equal?(other)
+        shallow_eql?(other) &&
+          successors.to_set == other.successors.to_set
+      end
+
+      # @param  [Vertex] other the other vertex to compare to
+      # @return [Boolean] whether the two vertices are equal, determined
+      #   solely by {#name} and {#payload} equality
+      def shallow_eql?(other)
+        return true if equal?(other)
+        other &&
+          name == other.name &&
+          payload == other.payload
+      end
+
+      alias eql? ==
+
+      # @return [Fixnum] a hash for the vertex based upon its {#name}
+      def hash
+        name.hash
+      end
+
+      # Is there a path from `self` to `other` following edges in the
+      # dependency graph?
+      # @return whether there is a path following edges within this {#graph}
+      def path_to?(other)
+        _path_to?(other)
+      end
+
+      alias descendent? path_to?
+
+      # @param [Vertex] other the vertex to check if there's a path to
+      # @param [Set<Vertex>] visited the vertices of {#graph} that have been visited
+      # @return [Boolean] whether there is a path to `other` from `self`
+      def _path_to?(other, visited = new_vertex_set)
+        return false unless visited.add?(self)
+        return true if equal?(other)
+        successors.any? { |v| v._path_to?(other, visited) }
+      end
+      protected :_path_to?
+
+      # Is there a path from `other` to `self` following edges in the
+      # dependency graph?
+      # @return whether there is a path following edges within this {#graph}
+      def ancestor?(other)
+        other.path_to?(self)
+      end
+
+      alias is_reachable_from? ancestor?
+
+      def new_vertex_set
+        require 'set'
+        Set.new
+      end
+      private :new_vertex_set
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07ea5fdf37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/errors.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # An error that occurred during the resolution process
+  class ResolverError < StandardError; end
+
+  # An error caused by searching for a dependency that is completely unknown,
+  # i.e. has no versions available whatsoever.
+  class NoSuchDependencyError < ResolverError
+    # @return [Object] the dependency that could not be found
+    attr_accessor :dependency
+
+    # @return [Array<Object>] the specifications that depended upon {#dependency}
+    attr_accessor :required_by
+
+    # Initializes a new error with the given missing dependency.
+    # @param [Object] dependency @see {#dependency}
+    # @param [Array<Object>] required_by @see {#required_by}
+    def initialize(dependency, required_by = [])
+      @dependency = dependency
+      @required_by = required_by.uniq
+      super()
+    end
+
+    # The error message for the missing dependency, including the specifications
+    # that had this dependency.
+    def message
+      sources = required_by.map { |r| "`#{r}`" }.join(' and ')
+      message = "Unable to find a specification for `#{dependency}`"
+      message += " depended upon by #{sources}" unless sources.empty?
+      message
+    end
+  end
+
+  # An error caused by attempting to fulfil a dependency that was circular
+  #
+  # @note This exception will be thrown if and only if a {Vertex} is added to a
+  #   {DependencyGraph} that has a {DependencyGraph::Vertex#path_to?} an
+  #   existing {DependencyGraph::Vertex}
+  class CircularDependencyError < ResolverError
+    # [Set<Object>] the dependencies responsible for causing the error
+    attr_reader :dependencies
+
+    # Initializes a new error with the given circular vertices.
+    # @param [Array<DependencyGraph::Vertex>] vertices the vertices in the dependency
+    #   that caused the error
+    def initialize(vertices)
+      super "There is a circular dependency between #{vertices.map(&:name).join(' and ')}"
+      @dependencies = vertices.map { |vertex| vertex.payload.possibilities.last }.to_set
+    end
+  end
+
+  # An error caused by conflicts in version
+  class VersionConflict < ResolverError
+    # @return [{String => Resolution::Conflict}] the conflicts that caused
+    #   resolution to fail
+    attr_reader :conflicts
+
+    # @return [SpecificationProvider] the specification provider used during
+    #   resolution
+    attr_reader :specification_provider
+
+    # Initializes a new error with the given version conflicts.
+    # @param [{String => Resolution::Conflict}] conflicts see {#conflicts}
+    # @param [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider see {#specification_provider}
+    def initialize(conflicts, specification_provider)
+      pairs = []
+      conflicts.values.flat_map(&:requirements).each do |conflicting|
+        conflicting.each do |source, conflict_requirements|
+          conflict_requirements.each do |c|
+            pairs << [c, source]
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      super "Unable to satisfy the following requirements:\n\n" \
+        "#{pairs.map { |r, d| "- `#{r}` required by `#{d}`" }.join("\n")}"
+
+      @conflicts = conflicts
+      @specification_provider = specification_provider
+    end
+
+    require_relative 'delegates/specification_provider'
+    include Delegates::SpecificationProvider
+
+    # @return [String] An error message that includes requirement trees,
+    #   which is much more detailed & customizable than the default message
+    # @param [Hash] opts the options to create a message with.
+    # @option opts [String] :solver_name The user-facing name of the solver
+    # @option opts [String] :possibility_type The generic name of a possibility
+    # @option opts [Proc] :reduce_trees A proc that reduced the list of requirement trees
+    # @option opts [Proc] :printable_requirement A proc that pretty-prints requirements
+    # @option opts [Proc] :additional_message_for_conflict A proc that appends additional
+    #   messages for each conflict
+    # @option opts [Proc] :version_for_spec A proc that returns the version number for a
+    #   possibility
+    def message_with_trees(opts = {})
+      solver_name = opts.delete(:solver_name) { self.class.name.split('::').first }
+      possibility_type = opts.delete(:possibility_type) { 'possibility named' }
+      reduce_trees = opts.delete(:reduce_trees) { proc { |trees| trees.uniq.sort_by(&:to_s) } }
+      printable_requirement = opts.delete(:printable_requirement) { proc { |req| req.to_s } }
+      additional_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:additional_message_for_conflict) { proc {} }
+      version_for_spec = opts.delete(:version_for_spec) { proc(&:to_s) }
+      incompatible_version_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:incompatible_version_message_for_conflict) do
+        proc do |name, _conflict|
+          %(#{solver_name} could not find compatible versions for #{possibility_type} "#{name}":)
+        end
+      end
+
+      full_message_for_conflict = opts.delete(:full_message_for_conflict) do
+        proc do |name, conflict|
+          o = "\n".dup << incompatible_version_message_for_conflict.call(name, conflict) << "\n"
+          if conflict.locked_requirement
+            o << %(  In snapshot (#{name_for_locking_dependency_source}):\n)
+            o << %(    #{printable_requirement.call(conflict.locked_requirement)}\n)
+            o << %(\n)
+          end
+          o << %(  In #{name_for_explicit_dependency_source}:\n)
+          trees = reduce_trees.call(conflict.requirement_trees)
+
+          o << trees.map do |tree|
+            t = ''.dup
+            depth = 2
+            tree.each do |req|
+              t << '  ' * depth << printable_requirement.call(req)
+              unless tree.last == req
+                if spec = conflict.activated_by_name[name_for(req)]
+                  t << %( was resolved to #{version_for_spec.call(spec)}, which)
+                end
+                t << %( depends on)
+              end
+              t << %(\n)
+              depth += 1
+            end
+            t
+          end.join("\n")
+
+          additional_message_for_conflict.call(o, name, conflict)
+
+          o
+        end
+      end
+
+      conflicts.sort.reduce(''.dup) do |o, (name, conflict)|
+        o << full_message_for_conflict.call(name, conflict)
+      end.strip
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ed3a920a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/gem_metadata.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # The version of Gem::Molinillo.
+  VERSION = '0.8.0'.freeze
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85860902fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/specification_provider.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # Provides information about specifications and dependencies to the resolver,
+  # allowing the {Resolver} class to remain generic while still providing power
+  # and flexibility.
+  #
+  # This module contains the methods that users of Gem::Molinillo must to implement,
+  # using knowledge of their own model classes.
+  module SpecificationProvider
+    # Search for the specifications that match the given dependency.
+    # The specifications in the returned array will be considered in reverse
+    # order, so the latest version ought to be last.
+    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
+    #   only on the `dependency` parameter.
+    #
+    # @param [Object] dependency
+    # @return [Array<Object>] the specifications that satisfy the given
+    #   `dependency`.
+    def search_for(dependency)
+      []
+    end
+
+    # Returns the dependencies of `specification`.
+    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
+    #   only on the `specification` parameter.
+    #
+    # @param [Object] specification
+    # @return [Array<Object>] the dependencies that are required by the given
+    #   `specification`.
+    def dependencies_for(specification)
+      []
+    end
+
+    # Determines whether the given `requirement` is satisfied by the given
+    # `spec`, in the context of the current `activated` dependency graph.
+    #
+    # @param [Object] requirement
+    # @param [DependencyGraph] activated the current dependency graph in the
+    #   resolution process.
+    # @param [Object] spec
+    # @return [Boolean] whether `requirement` is satisfied by `spec` in the
+    #   context of the current `activated` dependency graph.
+    def requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, spec)
+      true
+    end
+
+    # Determines whether two arrays of dependencies are equal, and thus can be
+    # grouped.
+    #
+    # @param [Array<Object>] dependencies
+    # @param [Array<Object>] other_dependencies
+    # @return [Boolean] whether `dependencies` and `other_dependencies` should
+    #   be considered equal.
+    def dependencies_equal?(dependencies, other_dependencies)
+      dependencies == other_dependencies
+    end
+
+    # Returns the name for the given `dependency`.
+    # @note This method should be 'pure', i.e. the return value should depend
+    #   only on the `dependency` parameter.
+    #
+    # @param [Object] dependency
+    # @return [String] the name for the given `dependency`.
+    def name_for(dependency)
+      dependency.to_s
+    end
+
+    # @return [String] the name of the source of explicit dependencies, i.e.
+    #   those passed to {Resolver#resolve} directly.
+    def name_for_explicit_dependency_source
+      'user-specified dependency'
+    end
+
+    # @return [String] the name of the source of 'locked' dependencies, i.e.
+    #   those passed to {Resolver#resolve} directly as the `base`
+    def name_for_locking_dependency_source
+      'Lockfile'
+    end
+
+    # Sort dependencies so that the ones that are easiest to resolve are first.
+    # Easiest to resolve is (usually) defined by:
+    #   1) Is this dependency already activated?
+    #   2) How relaxed are the requirements?
+    #   3) Are there any conflicts for this dependency?
+    #   4) How many possibilities are there to satisfy this dependency?
+    #
+    # @param [Array<Object>] dependencies
+    # @param [DependencyGraph] activated the current dependency graph in the
+    #   resolution process.
+    # @param [{String => Array<Conflict>}] conflicts
+    # @return [Array<Object>] a sorted copy of `dependencies`.
+    def sort_dependencies(dependencies, activated, conflicts)
+      dependencies.sort_by do |dependency|
+        name = name_for(dependency)
+        [
+          activated.vertex_named(name).payload ? 0 : 1,
+          conflicts[name] ? 0 : 1,
+        ]
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns whether this dependency, which has no possible matching
+    # specifications, can safely be ignored.
+    #
+    # @param [Object] dependency
+    # @return [Boolean] whether this dependency can safely be skipped.
+    def allow_missing?(dependency)
+      false
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..464722902e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/modules/ui.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # Conveys information about the resolution process to a user.
+  module UI
+    # The {IO} object that should be used to print output. `STDOUT`, by default.
+    #
+    # @return [IO]
+    def output
+      STDOUT
+    end
+
+    # Called roughly every {#progress_rate}, this method should convey progress
+    # to the user.
+    #
+    # @return [void]
+    def indicate_progress
+      output.print '.' unless debug?
+    end
+
+    # How often progress should be conveyed to the user via
+    # {#indicate_progress}, in seconds. A third of a second, by default.
+    #
+    # @return [Float]
+    def progress_rate
+      0.33
+    end
+
+    # Called before resolution begins.
+    #
+    # @return [void]
+    def before_resolution
+      output.print 'Resolving dependencies...'
+    end
+
+    # Called after resolution ends (either successfully or with an error).
+    # By default, prints a newline.
+    #
+    # @return [void]
+    def after_resolution
+      output.puts
+    end
+
+    # Conveys debug information to the user.
+    #
+    # @param [Integer] depth the current depth of the resolution process.
+    # @return [void]
+    def debug(depth = 0)
+      if debug?
+        debug_info = yield
+        debug_info = debug_info.inspect unless debug_info.is_a?(String)
+        debug_info = debug_info.split("\n").map { |s| ":#{depth.to_s.rjust 4}: #{s}" }
+        output.puts debug_info
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Whether or not debug messages should be printed.
+    # By default, whether or not the `MOLINILLO_DEBUG` environment variable is
+    # set.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    def debug?
+      return @debug_mode if defined?(@debug_mode)
+      @debug_mode = ENV['MOLINILLO_DEBUG']
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cfc6e3a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolution.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,839 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  class Resolver
+    # A specific resolution from a given {Resolver}
+    class Resolution
+      # A conflict that the resolution process encountered
+      # @attr [Object] requirement the requirement that immediately led to the conflict
+      # @attr [{String,Nil=>[Object]}] requirements the requirements that caused the conflict
+      # @attr [Object, nil] existing the existing spec that was in conflict with
+      #   the {#possibility}
+      # @attr [Object] possibility_set the set of specs that was unable to be
+      #   activated due to a conflict.
+      # @attr [Object] locked_requirement the relevant locking requirement.
+      # @attr [Array<Array<Object>>] requirement_trees the different requirement
+      #   trees that led to every requirement for the conflicting name.
+      # @attr [{String=>Object}] activated_by_name the already-activated specs.
+      # @attr [Object] underlying_error an error that has occurred during resolution, and
+      #    will be raised at the end of it if no resolution is found.
+      Conflict = Struct.new(
+        :requirement,
+        :requirements,
+        :existing,
+        :possibility_set,
+        :locked_requirement,
+        :requirement_trees,
+        :activated_by_name,
+        :underlying_error
+      )
+
+      class Conflict
+        # @return [Object] a spec that was unable to be activated due to a conflict
+        def possibility
+          possibility_set && possibility_set.latest_version
+        end
+      end
+
+      # A collection of possibility states that share the same dependencies
+      # @attr [Array] dependencies the dependencies for this set of possibilities
+      # @attr [Array] possibilities the possibilities
+      PossibilitySet = Struct.new(:dependencies, :possibilities)
+
+      class PossibilitySet
+        # String representation of the possibility set, for debugging
+        def to_s
+          "[#{possibilities.join(', ')}]"
+        end
+
+        # @return [Object] most up-to-date dependency in the possibility set
+        def latest_version
+          possibilities.last
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Details of the state to unwind to when a conflict occurs, and the cause of the unwind
+      # @attr [Integer] state_index the index of the state to unwind to
+      # @attr [Object] state_requirement the requirement of the state we're unwinding to
+      # @attr [Array] requirement_tree for the requirement we're relaxing
+      # @attr [Array] conflicting_requirements the requirements that combined to cause the conflict
+      # @attr [Array] requirement_trees for the conflict
+      # @attr [Array] requirements_unwound_to_instead array of unwind requirements that were chosen over this unwind
+      UnwindDetails = Struct.new(
+        :state_index,
+        :state_requirement,
+        :requirement_tree,
+        :conflicting_requirements,
+        :requirement_trees,
+        :requirements_unwound_to_instead
+      )
+
+      class UnwindDetails
+        include Comparable
+
+        # We compare UnwindDetails when choosing which state to unwind to. If
+        # two options have the same state_index we prefer the one most
+        # removed from a requirement that caused the conflict. Both options
+        # would unwind to the same state, but a `grandparent` option will
+        # filter out fewer of its possibilities after doing so - where a state
+        # is both a `parent` and a `grandparent` to requirements that have
+        # caused a conflict this is the correct behaviour.
+        # @param [UnwindDetail] other UnwindDetail to be compared
+        # @return [Integer] integer specifying ordering
+        def <=>(other)
+          if state_index > other.state_index
+            1
+          elsif state_index == other.state_index
+            reversed_requirement_tree_index <=> other.reversed_requirement_tree_index
+          else
+            -1
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @return [Integer] index of state requirement in reversed requirement tree
+        #    (the conflicting requirement itself will be at position 0)
+        def reversed_requirement_tree_index
+          @reversed_requirement_tree_index ||=
+            if state_requirement
+              requirement_tree.reverse.index(state_requirement)
+            else
+              999_999
+            end
+        end
+
+        # @return [Boolean] where the requirement of the state we're unwinding
+        #    to directly caused the conflict. Note: in this case, it is
+        #    impossible for the state we're unwinding to to be a parent of
+        #    any of the other conflicting requirements (or we would have
+        #    circularity)
+        def unwinding_to_primary_requirement?
+          requirement_tree.last == state_requirement
+        end
+
+        # @return [Array] array of sub-dependencies to avoid when choosing a
+        #    new possibility for the state we've unwound to. Only relevant for
+        #    non-primary unwinds
+        def sub_dependencies_to_avoid
+          @requirements_to_avoid ||=
+            requirement_trees.map do |tree|
+              index = tree.index(state_requirement)
+              tree[index + 1] if index
+            end.compact
+        end
+
+        # @return [Array] array of all the requirements that led to the need for
+        #    this unwind
+        def all_requirements
+          @all_requirements ||= requirement_trees.flatten(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @return [SpecificationProvider] the provider that knows about
+      #   dependencies, requirements, specifications, versions, etc.
+      attr_reader :specification_provider
+
+      # @return [UI] the UI that knows how to communicate feedback about the
+      #   resolution process back to the user
+      attr_reader :resolver_ui
+
+      # @return [DependencyGraph] the base dependency graph to which
+      #   dependencies should be 'locked'
+      attr_reader :base
+
+      # @return [Array] the dependencies that were explicitly required
+      attr_reader :original_requested
+
+      # Initializes a new resolution.
+      # @param [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider
+      #   see {#specification_provider}
+      # @param [UI] resolver_ui see {#resolver_ui}
+      # @param [Array] requested see {#original_requested}
+      # @param [DependencyGraph] base see {#base}
+      def initialize(specification_provider, resolver_ui, requested, base)
+        @specification_provider = specification_provider
+        @resolver_ui = resolver_ui
+        @original_requested = requested
+        @base = base
+        @states = []
+        @iteration_counter = 0
+        @parents_of = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+      end
+
+      # Resolves the {#original_requested} dependencies into a full dependency
+      #   graph
+      # @raise [ResolverError] if successful resolution is impossible
+      # @return [DependencyGraph] the dependency graph of successfully resolved
+      #   dependencies
+      def resolve
+        start_resolution
+
+        while state
+          break if !state.requirement && state.requirements.empty?
+          indicate_progress
+          if state.respond_to?(:pop_possibility_state) # DependencyState
+            debug(depth) { "Creating possibility state for #{requirement} (#{possibilities.count} remaining)" }
+            state.pop_possibility_state.tap do |s|
+              if s
+                states.push(s)
+                activated.tag(s)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+          process_topmost_state
+        end
+
+        resolve_activated_specs
+      ensure
+        end_resolution
+      end
+
+      # @return [Integer] the number of resolver iterations in between calls to
+      #   {#resolver_ui}'s {UI#indicate_progress} method
+      attr_accessor :iteration_rate
+      private :iteration_rate
+
+      # @return [Time] the time at which resolution began
+      attr_accessor :started_at
+      private :started_at
+
+      # @return [Array<ResolutionState>] the stack of states for the resolution
+      attr_accessor :states
+      private :states
+
+      private
+
+      # Sets up the resolution process
+      # @return [void]
+      def start_resolution
+        @started_at = Time.now
+
+        push_initial_state
+
+        debug { "Starting resolution (#{@started_at})\nUser-requested dependencies: #{original_requested}" }
+        resolver_ui.before_resolution
+      end
+
+      def resolve_activated_specs
+        activated.vertices.each do |_, vertex|
+          next unless vertex.payload
+
+          latest_version = vertex.payload.possibilities.reverse_each.find do |possibility|
+            vertex.requirements.all? { |req| requirement_satisfied_by?(req, activated, possibility) }
+          end
+
+          activated.set_payload(vertex.name, latest_version)
+        end
+        activated.freeze
+      end
+
+      # Ends the resolution process
+      # @return [void]
+      def end_resolution
+        resolver_ui.after_resolution
+        debug do
+          "Finished resolution (#{@iteration_counter} steps) " \
+          "(Took #{(ended_at = Time.now) - @started_at} seconds) (#{ended_at})"
+        end
+        debug { 'Unactivated: ' + Hash[activated.vertices.reject { |_n, v| v.payload }].keys.join(', ') } if state
+        debug { 'Activated: ' + Hash[activated.vertices.select { |_n, v| v.payload }].keys.join(', ') } if state
+      end
+
+      require_relative 'state'
+      require_relative 'modules/specification_provider'
+
+      require_relative 'delegates/resolution_state'
+      require_relative 'delegates/specification_provider'
+
+      include Gem::Molinillo::Delegates::ResolutionState
+      include Gem::Molinillo::Delegates::SpecificationProvider
+
+      # Processes the topmost available {RequirementState} on the stack
+      # @return [void]
+      def process_topmost_state
+        if possibility
+          attempt_to_activate
+        else
+          create_conflict
+          unwind_for_conflict
+        end
+      rescue CircularDependencyError => underlying_error
+        create_conflict(underlying_error)
+        unwind_for_conflict
+      end
+
+      # @return [Object] the current possibility that the resolution is trying
+      #   to activate
+      def possibility
+        possibilities.last
+      end
+
+      # @return [RequirementState] the current state the resolution is
+      #   operating upon
+      def state
+        states.last
+      end
+
+      # Creates and pushes the initial state for the resolution, based upon the
+      # {#requested} dependencies
+      # @return [void]
+      def push_initial_state
+        graph = DependencyGraph.new.tap do |dg|
+          original_requested.each do |requested|
+            vertex = dg.add_vertex(name_for(requested), nil, true)
+            vertex.explicit_requirements << requested
+          end
+          dg.tag(:initial_state)
+        end
+
+        push_state_for_requirements(original_requested, true, graph)
+      end
+
+      # Unwinds the states stack because a conflict has been encountered
+      # @return [void]
+      def unwind_for_conflict
+        details_for_unwind = build_details_for_unwind
+        unwind_options = unused_unwind_options
+        debug(depth) { "Unwinding for conflict: #{requirement} to #{details_for_unwind.state_index / 2}" }
+        conflicts.tap do |c|
+          sliced_states = states.slice!((details_for_unwind.state_index + 1)..-1)
+          raise_error_unless_state(c)
+          activated.rewind_to(sliced_states.first || :initial_state) if sliced_states
+          state.conflicts = c
+          state.unused_unwind_options = unwind_options
+          filter_possibilities_after_unwind(details_for_unwind)
+          index = states.size - 1
+          @parents_of.each { |_, a| a.reject! { |i| i >= index } }
+          state.unused_unwind_options.reject! { |uw| uw.state_index >= index }
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Raises a VersionConflict error, or any underlying error, if there is no
+      # current state
+      # @return [void]
+      def raise_error_unless_state(conflicts)
+        return if state
+
+        error = conflicts.values.map(&:underlying_error).compact.first
+        raise error || VersionConflict.new(conflicts, specification_provider)
+      end
+
+      # @return [UnwindDetails] Details of the nearest index to which we could unwind
+      def build_details_for_unwind
+        # Get the possible unwinds for the current conflict
+        current_conflict = conflicts[name]
+        binding_requirements = binding_requirements_for_conflict(current_conflict)
+        unwind_details = unwind_options_for_requirements(binding_requirements)
+
+        last_detail_for_current_unwind = unwind_details.sort.last
+        current_detail = last_detail_for_current_unwind
+
+        # Look for past conflicts that could be unwound to affect the
+        # requirement tree for the current conflict
+        all_reqs = last_detail_for_current_unwind.all_requirements
+        all_reqs_size = all_reqs.size
+        relevant_unused_unwinds = unused_unwind_options.select do |alternative|
+          diff_reqs = all_reqs - alternative.requirements_unwound_to_instead
+          next if diff_reqs.size == all_reqs_size
+          # Find the highest index unwind whilst looping through
+          current_detail = alternative if alternative > current_detail
+          alternative
+        end
+
+        # Add the current unwind options to the `unused_unwind_options` array.
+        # The "used" option will be filtered out during `unwind_for_conflict`.
+        state.unused_unwind_options += unwind_details.reject { |detail| detail.state_index == -1 }
+
+        # Update the requirements_unwound_to_instead on any relevant unused unwinds
+        relevant_unused_unwinds.each do |d|
+          (d.requirements_unwound_to_instead << current_detail.state_requirement).uniq!
+        end
+        unwind_details.each do |d|
+          (d.requirements_unwound_to_instead << current_detail.state_requirement).uniq!
+        end
+
+        current_detail
+      end
+
+      # @param [Array<Object>] binding_requirements array of requirements that combine to create a conflict
+      # @return [Array<UnwindDetails>] array of UnwindDetails that have a chance
+      #    of resolving the passed requirements
+      def unwind_options_for_requirements(binding_requirements)
+        unwind_details = []
+
+        trees = []
+        binding_requirements.reverse_each do |r|
+          partial_tree = [r]
+          trees << partial_tree
+          unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(-1, nil, partial_tree, binding_requirements, trees, [])
+
+          # If this requirement has alternative possibilities, check if any would
+          # satisfy the other requirements that created this conflict
+          requirement_state = find_state_for(r)
+          if conflict_fixing_possibilities?(requirement_state, binding_requirements)
+            unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
+              states.index(requirement_state),
+              r,
+              partial_tree,
+              binding_requirements,
+              trees,
+              []
+            )
+          end
+
+          # Next, look at the parent of this requirement, and check if the requirement
+          # could have been avoided if an alternative PossibilitySet had been chosen
+          parent_r = parent_of(r)
+          next if parent_r.nil?
+          partial_tree.unshift(parent_r)
+          requirement_state = find_state_for(parent_r)
+          if requirement_state.possibilities.any? { |set| !set.dependencies.include?(r) }
+            unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
+              states.index(requirement_state),
+              parent_r,
+              partial_tree,
+              binding_requirements,
+              trees,
+              []
+            )
+          end
+
+          # Finally, look at the grandparent and up of this requirement, looking
+          # for any possibilities that wouldn't create their parent requirement
+          grandparent_r = parent_of(parent_r)
+          until grandparent_r.nil?
+            partial_tree.unshift(grandparent_r)
+            requirement_state = find_state_for(grandparent_r)
+            if requirement_state.possibilities.any? { |set| !set.dependencies.include?(parent_r) }
+              unwind_details << UnwindDetails.new(
+                states.index(requirement_state),
+                grandparent_r,
+                partial_tree,
+                binding_requirements,
+                trees,
+                []
+              )
+            end
+            parent_r = grandparent_r
+            grandparent_r = parent_of(parent_r)
+          end
+        end
+
+        unwind_details
+      end
+
+      # @param [DependencyState] state
+      # @param [Array] binding_requirements array of requirements
+      # @return [Boolean] whether or not the given state has any possibilities
+      #    that could satisfy the given requirements
+      def conflict_fixing_possibilities?(state, binding_requirements)
+        return false unless state
+
+        state.possibilities.any? do |possibility_set|
+          possibility_set.possibilities.any? do |poss|
+            possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, binding_requirements)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would not fix the
+      # conflict we've just rewound from
+      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just
+      #   unwound from
+      # @return [void]
+      def filter_possibilities_after_unwind(unwind_details)
+        return unless state && !state.possibilities.empty?
+
+        if unwind_details.unwinding_to_primary_requirement?
+          filter_possibilities_for_primary_unwind(unwind_details)
+        else
+          filter_possibilities_for_parent_unwind(unwind_details)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would not satisfy
+      # the requirements in the conflict we've just rewound from
+      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just unwound from
+      # @return [void]
+      def filter_possibilities_for_primary_unwind(unwind_details)
+        unwinds_to_state = unused_unwind_options.select { |uw| uw.state_index == unwind_details.state_index }
+        unwinds_to_state << unwind_details
+        unwind_requirement_sets = unwinds_to_state.map(&:conflicting_requirements)
+
+        state.possibilities.reject! do |possibility_set|
+          possibility_set.possibilities.none? do |poss|
+            unwind_requirement_sets.any? do |requirements|
+              possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, requirements)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] possibility a single possibility
+      # @param [Array] requirements an array of requirements
+      # @return [Boolean] whether the possibility satisfies all of the
+      #    given requirements
+      def possibility_satisfies_requirements?(possibility, requirements)
+        name = name_for(possibility)
+
+        activated.tag(:swap)
+        activated.set_payload(name, possibility) if activated.vertex_named(name)
+        satisfied = requirements.all? { |r| requirement_satisfied_by?(r, activated, possibility) }
+        activated.rewind_to(:swap)
+
+        satisfied
+      end
+
+      # Filter's a state's possibilities to remove any that would (eventually)
+      # create a requirement in the conflict we've just rewound from
+      # @param [UnwindDetails] unwind_details details of the conflict just unwound from
+      # @return [void]
+      def filter_possibilities_for_parent_unwind(unwind_details)
+        unwinds_to_state = unused_unwind_options.select { |uw| uw.state_index == unwind_details.state_index }
+        unwinds_to_state << unwind_details
+
+        primary_unwinds = unwinds_to_state.select(&:unwinding_to_primary_requirement?).uniq
+        parent_unwinds = unwinds_to_state.uniq - primary_unwinds
+
+        allowed_possibility_sets = primary_unwinds.flat_map do |unwind|
+          states[unwind.state_index].possibilities.select do |possibility_set|
+            possibility_set.possibilities.any? do |poss|
+              possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, unwind.conflicting_requirements)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        requirements_to_avoid = parent_unwinds.flat_map(&:sub_dependencies_to_avoid)
+
+        state.possibilities.reject! do |possibility_set|
+          !allowed_possibility_sets.include?(possibility_set) &&
+            (requirements_to_avoid - possibility_set.dependencies).empty?
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @param [Conflict] conflict
+      # @return [Array] minimal array of requirements that would cause the passed
+      #    conflict to occur.
+      def binding_requirements_for_conflict(conflict)
+        return [conflict.requirement] if conflict.possibility.nil?
+
+        possible_binding_requirements = conflict.requirements.values.flatten(1).uniq
+
+        # When there's a `CircularDependency` error the conflicting requirement
+        # (the one causing the circular) won't be `conflict.requirement`
+        # (which won't be for the right state, because we won't have created it,
+        # because it's circular).
+        # We need to make sure we have that requirement in the conflict's list,
+        # otherwise we won't be able to unwind properly, so we just return all
+        # the requirements for the conflict.
+        return possible_binding_requirements if conflict.underlying_error
+
+        possibilities = search_for(conflict.requirement)
+
+        # If all the requirements together don't filter out all possibilities,
+        # then the only two requirements we need to consider are the initial one
+        # (where the dependency's version was first chosen) and the last
+        if binding_requirement_in_set?(nil, possible_binding_requirements, possibilities)
+          return [conflict.requirement, requirement_for_existing_name(name_for(conflict.requirement))].compact
+        end
+
+        # Loop through the possible binding requirements, removing each one
+        # that doesn't bind. Use a `reverse_each` as we want the earliest set of
+        # binding requirements, and don't use `reject!` as we wish to refine the
+        # array *on each iteration*.
+        binding_requirements = possible_binding_requirements.dup
+        possible_binding_requirements.reverse_each do |req|
+          next if req == conflict.requirement
+          unless binding_requirement_in_set?(req, binding_requirements, possibilities)
+            binding_requirements -= [req]
+          end
+        end
+
+        binding_requirements
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] requirement we wish to check
+      # @param [Array] possible_binding_requirements array of requirements
+      # @param [Array] possibilities array of possibilities the requirements will be used to filter
+      # @return [Boolean] whether or not the given requirement is required to filter
+      #    out all elements of the array of possibilities.
+      def binding_requirement_in_set?(requirement, possible_binding_requirements, possibilities)
+        possibilities.any? do |poss|
+          possibility_satisfies_requirements?(poss, possible_binding_requirements - [requirement])
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] requirement
+      # @return [Object] the requirement that led to `requirement` being added
+      #   to the list of requirements.
+      def parent_of(requirement)
+        return unless requirement
+        return unless index = @parents_of[requirement].last
+        return unless parent_state = @states[index]
+        parent_state.requirement
+      end
+
+      # @param [String] name
+      # @return [Object] the requirement that led to a version of a possibility
+      #   with the given name being activated.
+      def requirement_for_existing_name(name)
+        return nil unless vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
+        return nil unless vertex.payload
+        states.find { |s| s.name == name }.requirement
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] requirement
+      # @return [ResolutionState] the state whose `requirement` is the given
+      #   `requirement`.
+      def find_state_for(requirement)
+        return nil unless requirement
+        states.find { |i| requirement == i.requirement }
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] underlying_error
+      # @return [Conflict] a {Conflict} that reflects the failure to activate
+      #   the {#possibility} in conjunction with the current {#state}
+      def create_conflict(underlying_error = nil)
+        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
+        locked_requirement = locked_requirement_named(name)
+
+        requirements = {}
+        unless vertex.explicit_requirements.empty?
+          requirements[name_for_explicit_dependency_source] = vertex.explicit_requirements
+        end
+        requirements[name_for_locking_dependency_source] = [locked_requirement] if locked_requirement
+        vertex.incoming_edges.each do |edge|
+          (requirements[edge.origin.payload.latest_version] ||= []).unshift(edge.requirement)
+        end
+
+        activated_by_name = {}
+        activated.each { |v| activated_by_name[v.name] = v.payload.latest_version if v.payload }
+        conflicts[name] = Conflict.new(
+          requirement,
+          requirements,
+          vertex.payload && vertex.payload.latest_version,
+          possibility,
+          locked_requirement,
+          requirement_trees,
+          activated_by_name,
+          underlying_error
+        )
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array<Array<Object>>] The different requirement
+      #   trees that led to every requirement for the current spec.
+      def requirement_trees
+        vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
+        vertex.requirements.map { |r| requirement_tree_for(r) }
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] requirement
+      # @return [Array<Object>] the list of requirements that led to
+      #   `requirement` being required.
+      def requirement_tree_for(requirement)
+        tree = []
+        while requirement
+          tree.unshift(requirement)
+          requirement = parent_of(requirement)
+        end
+        tree
+      end
+
+      # Indicates progress roughly once every second
+      # @return [void]
+      def indicate_progress
+        @iteration_counter += 1
+        @progress_rate ||= resolver_ui.progress_rate
+        if iteration_rate.nil?
+          if Time.now - started_at >= @progress_rate
+            self.iteration_rate = @iteration_counter
+          end
+        end
+
+        if iteration_rate && (@iteration_counter % iteration_rate) == 0
+          resolver_ui.indicate_progress
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Calls the {#resolver_ui}'s {UI#debug} method
+      # @param [Integer] depth the depth of the {#states} stack
+      # @param [Proc] block a block that yields a {#to_s}
+      # @return [void]
+      def debug(depth = 0, &block)
+        resolver_ui.debug(depth, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Attempts to activate the current {#possibility}
+      # @return [void]
+      def attempt_to_activate
+        debug(depth) { 'Attempting to activate ' + possibility.to_s }
+        existing_vertex = activated.vertex_named(name)
+        if existing_vertex.payload
+          debug(depth) { "Found existing spec (#{existing_vertex.payload})" }
+          attempt_to_filter_existing_spec(existing_vertex)
+        else
+          latest = possibility.latest_version
+          possibility.possibilities.select! do |possibility|
+            requirement_satisfied_by?(requirement, activated, possibility)
+          end
+          if possibility.latest_version.nil?
+            # ensure there's a possibility for better error messages
+            possibility.possibilities << latest if latest
+            create_conflict
+            unwind_for_conflict
+          else
+            activate_new_spec
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Attempts to update the existing vertex's `PossibilitySet` with a filtered version
+      # @return [void]
+      def attempt_to_filter_existing_spec(vertex)
+        filtered_set = filtered_possibility_set(vertex)
+        if !filtered_set.possibilities.empty?
+          activated.set_payload(name, filtered_set)
+          new_requirements = requirements.dup
+          push_state_for_requirements(new_requirements, false)
+        else
+          create_conflict
+          debug(depth) { "Unsatisfied by existing spec (#{vertex.payload})" }
+          unwind_for_conflict
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Generates a filtered version of the existing vertex's `PossibilitySet` using the
+      # current state's `requirement`
+      # @param [Object] vertex existing vertex
+      # @return [PossibilitySet] filtered possibility set
+      def filtered_possibility_set(vertex)
+        PossibilitySet.new(vertex.payload.dependencies, vertex.payload.possibilities & possibility.possibilities)
+      end
+
+      # @param [String] requirement_name the spec name to search for
+      # @return [Object] the locked spec named `requirement_name`, if one
+      #   is found on {#base}
+      def locked_requirement_named(requirement_name)
+        vertex = base.vertex_named(requirement_name)
+        vertex && vertex.payload
+      end
+
+      # Add the current {#possibility} to the dependency graph of the current
+      # {#state}
+      # @return [void]
+      def activate_new_spec
+        conflicts.delete(name)
+        debug(depth) { "Activated #{name} at #{possibility}" }
+        activated.set_payload(name, possibility)
+        require_nested_dependencies_for(possibility)
+      end
+
+      # Requires the dependencies that the recently activated spec has
+      # @param [Object] possibility_set the PossibilitySet that has just been
+      #   activated
+      # @return [void]
+      def require_nested_dependencies_for(possibility_set)
+        nested_dependencies = dependencies_for(possibility_set.latest_version)
+        debug(depth) { "Requiring nested dependencies (#{nested_dependencies.join(', ')})" }
+        nested_dependencies.each do |d|
+          activated.add_child_vertex(name_for(d), nil, [name_for(possibility_set.latest_version)], d)
+          parent_index = states.size - 1
+          parents = @parents_of[d]
+          parents << parent_index if parents.empty?
+        end
+
+        push_state_for_requirements(requirements + nested_dependencies, !nested_dependencies.empty?)
+      end
+
+      # Pushes a new {DependencyState} that encapsulates both existing and new
+      # requirements
+      # @param [Array] new_requirements
+      # @param [Boolean] requires_sort
+      # @param [Object] new_activated
+      # @return [void]
+      def push_state_for_requirements(new_requirements, requires_sort = true, new_activated = activated)
+        new_requirements = sort_dependencies(new_requirements.uniq, new_activated, conflicts) if requires_sort
+        new_requirement = nil
+        loop do
+          new_requirement = new_requirements.shift
+          break if new_requirement.nil? || states.none? { |s| s.requirement == new_requirement }
+        end
+        new_name = new_requirement ? name_for(new_requirement) : ''.freeze
+        possibilities = possibilities_for_requirement(new_requirement)
+        handle_missing_or_push_dependency_state DependencyState.new(
+          new_name, new_requirements, new_activated,
+          new_requirement, possibilities, depth, conflicts.dup, unused_unwind_options.dup
+        )
+      end
+
+      # Checks a proposed requirement with any existing locked requirement
+      # before generating an array of possibilities for it.
+      # @param [Object] requirement the proposed requirement
+      # @param [Object] activated
+      # @return [Array] possibilities
+      def possibilities_for_requirement(requirement, activated = self.activated)
+        return [] unless requirement
+        if locked_requirement_named(name_for(requirement))
+          return locked_requirement_possibility_set(requirement, activated)
+        end
+
+        group_possibilities(search_for(requirement))
+      end
+
+      # @param [Object] requirement the proposed requirement
+      # @param [Object] activated
+      # @return [Array] possibility set containing only the locked requirement, if any
+      def locked_requirement_possibility_set(requirement, activated = self.activated)
+        all_possibilities = search_for(requirement)
+        locked_requirement = locked_requirement_named(name_for(requirement))
+
+        # Longwinded way to build a possibilities array with either the locked
+        # requirement or nothing in it. Required, since the API for
+        # locked_requirement isn't guaranteed.
+        locked_possibilities = all_possibilities.select do |possibility|
+          requirement_satisfied_by?(locked_requirement, activated, possibility)
+        end
+
+        group_possibilities(locked_possibilities)
+      end
+
+      # Build an array of PossibilitySets, with each element representing a group of
+      # dependency versions that all have the same sub-dependency version constraints
+      # and are contiguous.
+      # @param [Array] possibilities an array of possibilities
+      # @return [Array<PossibilitySet>] an array of possibility sets
+      def group_possibilities(possibilities)
+        possibility_sets = []
+        current_possibility_set = nil
+
+        possibilities.reverse_each do |possibility|
+          dependencies = dependencies_for(possibility)
+          if current_possibility_set && dependencies_equal?(current_possibility_set.dependencies, dependencies)
+            current_possibility_set.possibilities.unshift(possibility)
+          else
+            possibility_sets.unshift(PossibilitySet.new(dependencies, [possibility]))
+            current_possibility_set = possibility_sets.first
+          end
+        end
+
+        possibility_sets
+      end
+
+      # Pushes a new {DependencyState}.
+      # If the {#specification_provider} says to
+      # {SpecificationProvider#allow_missing?} that particular requirement, and
+      # there are no possibilities for that requirement, then `state` is not
+      # pushed, and the vertex in {#activated} is removed, and we continue
+      # resolving the remaining requirements.
+      # @param [DependencyState] state
+      # @return [void]
+      def handle_missing_or_push_dependency_state(state)
+        if state.requirement && state.possibilities.empty? && allow_missing?(state.requirement)
+          state.activated.detach_vertex_named(state.name)
+          push_state_for_requirements(state.requirements.dup, false, state.activated)
+        else
+          states.push(state).tap { activated.tag(state) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86229c3fa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/resolver.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative 'dependency_graph'
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # This class encapsulates a dependency resolver.
+  # The resolver is responsible for determining which set of dependencies to
+  # activate, with feedback from the {#specification_provider}
+  #
+  #
+  class Resolver
+    require_relative 'resolution'
+
+    # @return [SpecificationProvider] the specification provider used
+    #   in the resolution process
+    attr_reader :specification_provider
+
+    # @return [UI] the UI module used to communicate back to the user
+    #   during the resolution process
+    attr_reader :resolver_ui
+
+    # Initializes a new resolver.
+    # @param  [SpecificationProvider] specification_provider
+    #   see {#specification_provider}
+    # @param  [UI] resolver_ui
+    #   see {#resolver_ui}
+    def initialize(specification_provider, resolver_ui)
+      @specification_provider = specification_provider
+      @resolver_ui = resolver_ui
+    end
+
+    # Resolves the requested dependencies into a {DependencyGraph},
+    # locking to the base dependency graph (if specified)
+    # @param [Array] requested an array of 'requested' dependencies that the
+    #   {#specification_provider} can understand
+    # @param [DependencyGraph,nil] base the base dependency graph to which
+    #   dependencies should be 'locked'
+    def resolve(requested, base = DependencyGraph.new)
+      Resolution.new(specification_provider,
+                     resolver_ui,
+                     requested,
+                     base).
+        resolve
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c48ec6af9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/molinillo/lib/molinillo/state.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gem::Molinillo
+  # A state that a {Resolution} can be in
+  # @attr [String] name the name of the current requirement
+  # @attr [Array<Object>] requirements currently unsatisfied requirements
+  # @attr [DependencyGraph] activated the graph of activated dependencies
+  # @attr [Object] requirement the current requirement
+  # @attr [Object] possibilities the possibilities to satisfy the current requirement
+  # @attr [Integer] depth the depth of the resolution
+  # @attr [Hash] conflicts unresolved conflicts, indexed by dependency name
+  # @attr [Array<UnwindDetails>] unused_unwind_options unwinds for previous conflicts that weren't explored
+  ResolutionState = Struct.new(
+    :name,
+    :requirements,
+    :activated,
+    :requirement,
+    :possibilities,
+    :depth,
+    :conflicts,
+    :unused_unwind_options
+  )
+
+  class ResolutionState
+    # Returns an empty resolution state
+    # @return [ResolutionState] an empty state
+    def self.empty
+      new(nil, [], DependencyGraph.new, nil, nil, 0, {}, [])
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A state that encapsulates a set of {#requirements} with an {Array} of
+  # possibilities
+  class DependencyState < ResolutionState
+    # Removes a possibility from `self`
+    # @return [PossibilityState] a state with a single possibility,
+    #  the possibility that was removed from `self`
+    def pop_possibility_state
+      PossibilityState.new(
+        name,
+        requirements.dup,
+        activated,
+        requirement,
+        [possibilities.pop],
+        depth + 1,
+        conflicts.dup,
+        unused_unwind_options.dup
+      ).tap do |state|
+        state.activated.tag(state)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A state that encapsulates a single possibility to fulfill the given
+  # {#requirement}
+  class PossibilityState < ResolutionState
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/.document b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25c870a591
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2496 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#
+# = net/http.rb
+#
+# Copyright (c) 1999-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+# Copyright (c) 1999-2007 Minero Aoki
+# Copyright (c) 2001 GOTOU Yuuzou
+#
+# Written and maintained by Minero Aoki <aamine@loveruby.net>.
+# HTTPS support added by GOTOU Yuuzou <gotoyuzo@notwork.org>.
+#
+# This file is derived from "http-access.rb".
+#
+# Documented by Minero Aoki; converted to RDoc by William Webber.
+#
+# This program is free software. You can re-distribute and/or
+# modify this program under the same terms of ruby itself ---
+# Ruby Distribution License or GNU General Public License.
+#
+# See Gem::Net::HTTP for an overview and examples.
+#
+
+require_relative '../../../net-protocol/lib/net/protocol'
+require_relative '../../../uri/lib/uri'
+require_relative '../../../resolv/lib/resolv'
+autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
+
+module Gem::Net   #:nodoc:
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  class HTTPBadResponse < StandardError; end
+  class HTTPHeaderSyntaxError < StandardError; end
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # \Class \Gem::Net::HTTP provides a rich library that implements the client
+  # in a client-server model that uses the \HTTP request-response protocol.
+  # For information about \HTTP, see:
+  #
+  # - {Hypertext Transfer Protocol}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol].
+  # - {Technical overview}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Technical_overview].
+  #
+  # == About the Examples
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+  #
+  # == Strategies
+  #
+  # - If you will make only a few GET requests,
+  #   consider using {OpenURI}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenURI.html].
+  # - If you will make only a few requests of all kinds,
+  #   consider using the various singleton convenience methods in this class.
+  #   Each of the following methods automatically starts and finishes
+  #   a {session}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Sessions] that sends a single request:
+  #
+  #     # Return string response body.
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.get(uri)
+  #
+  #     # Write string response body to $stdout.
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.get_print(hostname, path)
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.get_print(uri)
+  #
+  #     # Return response as Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, path)
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
+  #     data = '{"title": "foo", "body": "bar", "userId": 1}'
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.post(uri, data)
+  #     params = {title: 'foo', body: 'bar', userId: 1}
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, params)
+  #
+  # - If performance is important, consider using sessions, which lower request overhead.
+  #   This {session}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Sessions] has multiple requests for
+  #   {HTTP methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Request_methods]
+  #   and {WebDAV methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAV#Implementation]:
+  #
+  #     Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #       # Session started automatically before block execution.
+  #       http.get(path)
+  #       http.head(path)
+  #       body = 'Some text'
+  #       http.post(path, body)  # Can also have a block.
+  #       http.put(path, body)
+  #       http.delete(path)
+  #       http.options(path)
+  #       http.trace(path)
+  #       http.patch(path, body) # Can also have a block.
+  #       http.copy(path)
+  #       http.lock(path, body)
+  #       http.mkcol(path, body)
+  #       http.move(path)
+  #       http.propfind(path, body)
+  #       http.proppatch(path, body)
+  #       http.unlock(path, body)
+  #       # Session finished automatically at block exit.
+  #     end
+  #
+  # The methods cited above are convenience methods that, via their few arguments,
+  # allow minimal control over the requests.
+  # For greater control, consider using {request objects}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest].
+  #
+  # == URIs
+  #
+  # On the internet, a URI
+  # ({Universal Resource Identifier}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier])
+  # is a string that identifies a particular resource.
+  # It consists of some or all of: scheme, hostname, path, query, and fragment;
+  # see {URI syntax}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier#Syntax].
+  #
+  # A Ruby {Gem::URI::Generic}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Gem/URI/Generic.html] object
+  # represents an internet URI.
+  # It provides, among others, methods
+  # +scheme+, +hostname+, +path+, +query+, and +fragment+.
+  #
+  # === Schemes
+  #
+  # An internet \Gem::URI has
+  # a {scheme}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_URI_schemes].
+  #
+  # The two schemes supported in \Gem::Net::HTTP are <tt>'https'</tt> and <tt>'http'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   uri.scheme                       # => "https"
+  #   Gem::URI('http://example.com').scheme # => "http"
+  #
+  # === Hostnames
+  #
+  # A hostname identifies a server (host) to which requests may be sent:
+  #
+  #   hostname = uri.hostname # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     # Some HTTP stuff.
+  #   end
+  #
+  # === Paths
+  #
+  # A host-specific path identifies a resource on the host:
+  #
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   _uri.path = '/todos/1'
+  #   hostname = _uri.hostname
+  #   path = _uri.path
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)
+  #
+  # === Queries
+  #
+  # A host-specific query adds name/value pairs to the URI:
+  #
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   params = {userId: 1, completed: false}
+  #   _uri.query = Gem::URI.encode_www_form(params)
+  #   _uri # => #<Gem::URI::HTTPS https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com?userId=1&completed=false>
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get(_uri)
+  #
+  # === Fragments
+  #
+  # A {URI fragment}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URI_fragment] has no effect
+  # in \Gem::Net::HTTP;
+  # the same data is returned, regardless of whether a fragment is included.
+  #
+  # == Request Headers
+  #
+  # Request headers may be used to pass additional information to the host,
+  # similar to arguments passed in a method call;
+  # each header is a name/value pair.
+  #
+  # Each of the \Gem::Net::HTTP methods that sends a request to the host
+  # has optional argument +headers+,
+  # where the headers are expressed as a hash of field-name/value pairs:
+  #
+  #   headers = {Accept: 'application/json', Connection: 'Keep-Alive'}
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get(uri, headers)
+  #
+  # See lists of both standard request fields and common request fields at
+  # {Request Fields}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Request_fields].
+  # A host may also accept other custom fields.
+  #
+  # == \HTTP Sessions
+  #
+  # A _session_ is a connection between a server (host) and a client that:
+  #
+  # - Is begun by instance method Gem::Net::HTTP#start.
+  # - May contain any number of requests.
+  # - Is ended by instance method Gem::Net::HTTP#finish.
+  #
+  # See example sessions at {Strategies}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Strategies].
+  #
+  # === Session Using \Gem::Net::HTTP.start
+  #
+  # If you have many requests to make to a single host (and port),
+  # consider using singleton method Gem::Net::HTTP.start with a block;
+  # the method handles the session automatically by:
+  #
+  # - Calling #start before block execution.
+  # - Executing the block.
+  # - Calling #finish after block execution.
+  #
+  # In the block, you can use these instance methods,
+  # each of which that sends a single request:
+  #
+  # - {HTTP methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Request_methods]:
+  #
+  #   - #get, #request_get: GET.
+  #   - #head, #request_head: HEAD.
+  #   - #post, #request_post: POST.
+  #   - #delete: DELETE.
+  #   - #options: OPTIONS.
+  #   - #trace: TRACE.
+  #   - #patch: PATCH.
+  #
+  # - {WebDAV methods}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAV#Implementation]:
+  #
+  #   - #copy: COPY.
+  #   - #lock: LOCK.
+  #   - #mkcol: MKCOL.
+  #   - #move: MOVE.
+  #   - #propfind: PROPFIND.
+  #   - #proppatch: PROPPATCH.
+  #   - #unlock: UNLOCK.
+  #
+  # === Session Using \Gem::Net::HTTP.start and \Gem::Net::HTTP.finish
+  #
+  # You can manage a session manually using methods #start and #finish:
+  #
+  #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   http.start
+  #   http.get('/todos/1')
+  #   http.get('/todos/2')
+  #   http.delete('/posts/1')
+  #   http.finish # Needed to free resources.
+  #
+  # === Single-Request Session
+  #
+  # Certain convenience methods automatically handle a session by:
+  #
+  # - Creating an \HTTP object
+  # - Starting a session.
+  # - Sending a single request.
+  # - Finishing the session.
+  # - Destroying the object.
+  #
+  # Such methods that send GET requests:
+  #
+  # - ::get: Returns the string response body.
+  # - ::get_print: Writes the string response body to $stdout.
+  # - ::get_response: Returns a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+  #
+  # Such methods that send POST requests:
+  #
+  # - ::post: Posts data to the host.
+  # - ::post_form: Posts form data to the host.
+  #
+  # == \HTTP Requests and Responses
+  #
+  # Many of the methods above are convenience methods,
+  # each of which sends a request and returns a string
+  # without directly using \Gem::Net::HTTPRequest and \Gem::Net::HTTPResponse objects.
+  #
+  # You can, however, directly create a request object, send the request,
+  # and retrieve the response object; see:
+  #
+  # - Gem::Net::HTTPRequest.
+  # - Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+  #
+  # == Following Redirection
+  #
+  # Each returned response is an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+  # See the {response class hierarchy}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPResponse@Response+Subclasses].
+  #
+  # In particular, class Gem::Net::HTTPRedirection is the parent
+  # of all redirection classes.
+  # This allows you to craft a case statement to handle redirections properly:
+  #
+  #   def fetch(uri, limit = 10)
+  #     # You should choose a better exception.
+  #     raise ArgumentError, 'Too many HTTP redirects' if limit == 0
+  #
+  #     res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(Gem::URI(uri))
+  #     case res
+  #     when Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess     # Any success class.
+  #       res
+  #     when Gem::Net::HTTPRedirection # Any redirection class.
+  #       location = res['Location']
+  #       warn "Redirected to #{location}"
+  #       fetch(location, limit - 1)
+  #     else                      # Any other class.
+  #       res.value
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   fetch(uri)
+  #
+  # == Basic Authentication
+  #
+  # Basic authentication is performed according to
+  # {RFC2617}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2617.txt]:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.basic_auth('user', 'pass')
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     http.request(req)
+  #   end
+  #
+  # == Streaming Response Bodies
+  #
+  # By default \Gem::Net::HTTP reads an entire response into memory.  If you are
+  # handling large files or wish to implement a progress bar you can instead
+  # stream the body directly to an IO.
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #     http.request(req) do |res|
+  #       open('t.tmp', 'w') do |f|
+  #         res.read_body do |chunk|
+  #           f.write chunk
+  #         end
+  #       end
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # == HTTPS
+  #
+  # HTTPS is enabled for an \HTTP connection by Gem::Net::HTTP#use_ssl=:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname, :use_ssl => true) do |http|
+  #     req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #     res = http.request(req)
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Or if you simply want to make a GET request, you may pass in a URI
+  # object that has an \HTTPS URL. \Gem::Net::HTTP automatically turns on TLS
+  # verification if the URI object has a 'https' :URI scheme:
+  #
+  #   uri # => #<Gem::URI::HTTPS https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/>
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get(uri)
+  #
+  # == Proxy Server
+  #
+  # An \HTTP object can have
+  # a {proxy server}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server].
+  #
+  # You can create an \HTTP object with a proxy server
+  # using method Gem::Net::HTTP.new or method Gem::Net::HTTP.start.
+  #
+  # The proxy may be defined either by argument +p_addr+
+  # or by environment variable <tt>'http_proxy'</tt>.
+  #
+  # === Proxy Using Argument +p_addr+ as a \String
+  #
+  # When argument +p_addr+ is a string hostname,
+  # the returned +http+ has the given host as its proxy:
+  #
+  #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname, nil, 'proxy.example')
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => false
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "proxy.example"
+  #   # These use default values.
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 80
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => nil
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => nil
+  #
+  # The port, username, and password for the proxy may also be given:
+  #
+  #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname, nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass')
+  #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => false
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "proxy.example"
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 8000
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => "pname"
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => "ppass"
+  #
+  # === Proxy Using '<tt>ENV['http_proxy']</tt>'
+  #
+  # When environment variable <tt>'http_proxy'</tt>
+  # is set to a \Gem::URI string,
+  # the returned +http+ will have the server at that URI as its proxy;
+  # note that the \Gem::URI string must have a protocol
+  # such as <tt>'http'</tt> or <tt>'https'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   ENV['http_proxy'] = 'http://example.com'
+  #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => true
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "example.com"
+  #   # These use default values.
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 80
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => nil
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => nil
+  #
+  # The \Gem::URI string may include proxy username, password, and port number:
+  #
+  #   ENV['http_proxy'] = 'http://pname:ppass@example.com:8000'
+  #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   http.proxy?          # => true
+  #   http.proxy_from_env? # => true
+  #   http.proxy_address   # => "example.com"
+  #   http.proxy_port      # => 8000
+  #   http.proxy_user      # => "pname"
+  #   http.proxy_pass      # => "ppass"
+  #
+  # === Filtering Proxies
+  #
+  # With method Gem::Net::HTTP.new (but not Gem::Net::HTTP.start),
+  # you can use argument +p_no_proxy+ to filter proxies:
+  #
+  # - Reject a certain address:
+  #
+  #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # - Reject certain domains or subdomains:
+  #
+  #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'my.proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # - Reject certain addresses and port combinations:
+  #
+  #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example:1234')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => "proxy.example"
+  #
+  #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'proxy.example:8000')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # - Reject a list of the types above delimited using a comma:
+  #
+  #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'proxy.example', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'my.proxy,proxy.example:8000')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new('example.com', nil, 'my.proxy', 8000, 'pname', 'ppass', 'my.proxy,proxy.example:8000')
+  #     http.proxy_address # => nil
+  #
+  # == Compression and Decompression
+  #
+  # \Gem::Net::HTTP does not compress the body of a request before sending.
+  #
+  # By default, \Gem::Net::HTTP adds header <tt>'Accept-Encoding'</tt>
+  # to a new {request object}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest]:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)['Accept-Encoding']
+  #   # => "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"
+  #
+  # This requests the server to zip-encode the response body if there is one;
+  # the server is not required to do so.
+  #
+  # \Gem::Net::HTTP does not automatically decompress a response body
+  # if the response has header <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>.
+  #
+  # Otherwise decompression (or not) depends on the value of header
+  # {Content-Encoding}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-encoding-response-header]:
+  #
+  # - <tt>'deflate'</tt>, <tt>'gzip'</tt>, or <tt>'x-gzip'</tt>:
+  #   decompresses the body and deletes the header.
+  # - <tt>'none'</tt> or <tt>'identity'</tt>:
+  #   does not decompress the body, but deletes the header.
+  # - Any other value:
+  #   leaves the body and header unchanged.
+  #
+  # == What's Here
+  #
+  # This is a categorized summary of methods and attributes.
+  #
+  # === \Gem::Net::HTTP Objects
+  #
+  # - {::new}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.new]:
+  #   Creates a new instance.
+  # - {#inspect}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#inspect]:
+  #   Returns a string representation of +self+.
+  #
+  # === Sessions
+  #
+  # - {::start}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.start]:
+  #   Begins a new session in a new \Gem::Net::HTTP object.
+  # - {#started?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#started?]
+  #   (aliased as {#active?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#active?]):
+  #   Returns whether in a session.
+  # - {#finish}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#finish]:
+  #   Ends an active session.
+  # - {#start}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#start]:
+  #   Begins a new session in an existing \Gem::Net::HTTP object (+self+).
+  #
+  # === Connections
+  #
+  # - {:continue_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#continue_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the continue timeout.
+  # - {#continue_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#continue_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the continue timeout seconds.
+  # - {:keep_alive_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#keep_alive_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the keep-alive timeout.
+  # - {:keep_alive_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#keep_alive_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the keep-alive timeout.
+  # - {:max_retries}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#max_retries]:
+  #   Returns the maximum retries.
+  # - {#max_retries=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#max_retries=]:
+  #   Sets the maximum retries.
+  # - {:open_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#open_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the open timeout.
+  # - {:open_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#open_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the open timeout.
+  # - {:read_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#read_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the open timeout.
+  # - {:read_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#read_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the read timeout.
+  # - {:ssl_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ssl_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the ssl timeout.
+  # - {:ssl_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ssl_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the ssl timeout.
+  # - {:write_timeout}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#write_timeout]:
+  #   Returns the write timeout.
+  # - {write_timeout=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#write_timeout=]:
+  #   Sets the write timeout.
+  #
+  # === Requests
+  #
+  # - {::get}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.get]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and returns the string response body.
+  # - {::get_print}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.get_print]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and write the string response body to $stdout.
+  # - {::get_response}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and returns a response object.
+  # - {::post_form}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.post_form]:
+  #   Sends a POST request with form data and returns a response object.
+  # - {::post}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.post]:
+  #   Sends a POST request with data and returns a response object.
+  # - {#copy}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#copy]:
+  #   Sends a COPY request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#delete}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#delete]:
+  #   Sends a DELETE request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#get}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#get]:
+  #   Sends a GET request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#head}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#head]:
+  #   Sends a HEAD request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#lock}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#lock]:
+  #   Sends a LOCK request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#mkcol}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#mkcol]:
+  #   Sends a MKCOL request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#move}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#move]:
+  #   Sends a MOVE request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#options}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#options]:
+  #   Sends a OPTIONS request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#patch}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#patch]:
+  #   Sends a PATCH request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#post}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#post]:
+  #   Sends a POST request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#propfind}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#propfind]:
+  #   Sends a PROPFIND request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#proppatch}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proppatch]:
+  #   Sends a PROPPATCH request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#put}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#put]:
+  #   Sends a PUT request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#request}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#request]:
+  #   Sends a request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#request_get}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#request_get]
+  #   (aliased as {#get2}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#get2]):
+  #   Sends a GET request and forms a response object;
+  #   if a block given, calls the block with the object,
+  #   otherwise returns the object.
+  # - {#request_head}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#request_head]
+  #   (aliased as {#head2}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#head2]):
+  #   Sends a HEAD request and forms a response object;
+  #   if a block given, calls the block with the object,
+  #   otherwise returns the object.
+  # - {#request_post}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#request_post]
+  #   (aliased as {#post2}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#post2]):
+  #   Sends a POST request and forms a response object;
+  #   if a block given, calls the block with the object,
+  #   otherwise returns the object.
+  # - {#send_request}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#send_request]:
+  #   Sends a request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#trace}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#trace]:
+  #   Sends a TRACE request and returns a response object.
+  # - {#unlock}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#unlock]:
+  #   Sends an UNLOCK request and returns a response object.
+  #
+  # === Responses
+  #
+  # - {:close_on_empty_response}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#close_on_empty_response]:
+  #   Returns whether to close connection on empty response.
+  # - {:close_on_empty_response=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#close_on_empty_response=]:
+  #   Sets whether to close connection on empty response.
+  # - {:ignore_eof}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ignore_eof]:
+  #   Returns whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body
+  #   with <tt>Content-Length</tt> headers.
+  # - {:ignore_eof=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ignore_eof=]:
+  #   Sets whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body
+  #   with <tt>Content-Length</tt> headers.
+  # - {:response_body_encoding}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#response_body_encoding]:
+  #   Returns the encoding to use for the response body.
+  # - {#response_body_encoding=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#response_body_encoding=]:
+  #   Sets the response body encoding.
+  #
+  # === Proxies
+  #
+  # - {:proxy_address}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_address]:
+  #   Returns the proxy address.
+  # - {:proxy_address=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_address=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy address.
+  # - {::proxy_class?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.proxy_class?]:
+  #   Returns whether +self+ is a proxy class.
+  # - {#proxy?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy?]:
+  #   Returns whether +self+ has a proxy.
+  # - {#proxy_address}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_address]
+  #   (aliased as {#proxyaddr}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxyaddr]):
+  #   Returns the proxy address.
+  # - {#proxy_from_env?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_from_env?]:
+  #   Returns whether the proxy is taken from an environment variable.
+  # - {:proxy_from_env=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_from_env=]:
+  #   Sets whether the proxy is to be taken from an environment variable.
+  # - {:proxy_pass}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_pass]:
+  #   Returns the proxy password.
+  # - {:proxy_pass=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_pass=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy password.
+  # - {:proxy_port}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_port]:
+  #   Returns the proxy port.
+  # - {:proxy_port=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_port=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy port.
+  # - {#proxy_user}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_user]:
+  #   Returns the proxy user name.
+  # - {:proxy_user=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#proxy_user=]:
+  #   Sets the proxy user.
+  #
+  # === Security
+  #
+  # - {:ca_file}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ca_file]:
+  #   Returns the path to a CA certification file.
+  # - {:ca_file=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ca_file=]:
+  #   Sets the path to a CA certification file.
+  # - {:ca_path}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ca_path]:
+  #   Returns the path of to CA directory containing certification files.
+  # - {:ca_path=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ca_path=]:
+  #   Sets the path of to CA directory containing certification files.
+  # - {:cert}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#cert]:
+  #   Returns the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object to be used for client certification.
+  # - {:cert=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#cert=]:
+  #   Sets the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object to be used for client certification.
+  # - {:cert_store}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#cert_store]:
+  #   Returns the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.
+  # - {:cert_store=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#cert_store=]:
+  #   Sets the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.
+  # - {:ciphers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ciphers]:
+  #   Returns the available SSL ciphers.
+  # - {:ciphers=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ciphers=]:
+  #   Sets the available SSL ciphers.
+  # - {:extra_chain_cert}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#extra_chain_cert]:
+  #   Returns the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
+  # - {:extra_chain_cert=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#extra_chain_cert=]:
+  #   Sets the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
+  # - {:key}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#key]:
+  #   Returns the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
+  # - {:key=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#key=]:
+  #   Sets the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
+  # - {:max_version}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#max_version]:
+  #   Returns the maximum SSL version.
+  # - {:max_version=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#max_version=]:
+  #   Sets the maximum SSL version.
+  # - {:min_version}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#min_version]:
+  #   Returns the minimum SSL version.
+  # - {:min_version=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#min_version=]:
+  #   Sets the minimum SSL version.
+  # - {#peer_cert}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#peer_cert]:
+  #   Returns the X509 certificate chain for the session's socket peer.
+  # - {:ssl_version}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ssl_version]:
+  #   Returns the SSL version.
+  # - {:ssl_version=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ssl_version=]:
+  #   Sets the SSL version.
+  # - {#use_ssl=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#use_ssl=]:
+  #   Sets whether a new session is to use Transport Layer Security.
+  # - {#use_ssl?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#use_ssl?]:
+  #   Returns whether +self+ uses SSL.
+  # - {:verify_callback}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_callback]:
+  #   Returns the callback for the server certification verification.
+  # - {:verify_callback=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_callback=]:
+  #   Sets the callback for the server certification verification.
+  # - {:verify_depth}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_depth]:
+  #   Returns the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
+  # - {:verify_depth=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_depth=]:
+  #   Sets the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
+  # - {:verify_hostname}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_hostname]:
+  #   Returns the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  # - {:verify_hostname=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_hostname=]:
+  #   Sets he flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  # - {:verify_mode}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_mode]:
+  #   Returns the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  # - {:verify_mode=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#verify_mode=]:
+  #   Sets the flags for server the certification verification at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+  #
+  # === Addresses and Ports
+  #
+  # - {:address}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#address]:
+  #   Returns the string host name or host IP.
+  # - {::default_port}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.default_port]:
+  #   Returns integer 80, the default port to use for HTTP requests.
+  # - {::http_default_port}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.http_default_port]:
+  #   Returns integer 80, the default port to use for HTTP requests.
+  # - {::https_default_port}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.https_default_port]:
+  #   Returns integer 443, the default port to use for HTTPS requests.
+  # - {#ipaddr}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ipaddr]:
+  #   Returns the IP address for the connection.
+  # - {#ipaddr=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#ipaddr=]:
+  #   Sets the IP address for the connection.
+  # - {:local_host}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#local_host]:
+  #   Returns the string local host used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:local_host=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#local_host=]:
+  #   Sets the string local host used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:local_port}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#local_port]:
+  #   Returns the integer local port used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:local_port=}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#local_port=]:
+  #   Sets the integer local port used to establish the connection.
+  # - {:port}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#port]:
+  #   Returns the integer port number.
+  #
+  # === \HTTP Version
+  #
+  # - {::version_1_2?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.version_1_2?]
+  #   (aliased as {::is_version_1_2?}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.is_version_1_2?]
+  #   and {::version_1_2}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP.version_1_2]):
+  #   Returns true; retained for compatibility.
+  #
+  # === Debugging
+  #
+  # - {#set_debug_output}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP#set_debug_output]:
+  #   Sets the output stream for debugging.
+  #
+  class HTTP < Protocol
+
+    # :stopdoc:
+    VERSION = "0.4.0"
+    HTTPVersion = '1.1'
+    begin
+      require 'zlib'
+      HAVE_ZLIB=true
+    rescue LoadError
+      HAVE_ZLIB=false
+    end
+    # :startdoc:
+
+    # Returns +true+; retained for compatibility.
+    def HTTP.version_1_2
+      true
+    end
+
+    # Returns +true+; retained for compatibility.
+    def HTTP.version_1_2?
+      true
+    end
+
+    # Returns +false+; retained for compatibility.
+    def HTTP.version_1_1?  #:nodoc:
+      false
+    end
+
+    class << HTTP
+      alias is_version_1_1? version_1_1?   #:nodoc:
+      alias is_version_1_2? version_1_2?   #:nodoc:
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get_print(hostname, path, port = 80) -> nil
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP:get_print(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> nil
+    #
+    # Like Gem::Net::HTTP.get, but writes the returned body to $stdout;
+    # returns +nil+.
+    def HTTP.get_print(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
+      get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port) {|res|
+        res.read_body do |chunk|
+          $stdout.print chunk
+        end
+      }
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path, port = 80) -> body
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP:get(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> body
+    #
+    # Sends a GET request and returns the \HTTP response body as a string.
+    #
+    # With string arguments +hostname+ and +path+:
+    #
+    #   hostname = 'jsonplaceholder.typicode.com'
+    #   path = '/todos/1'
+    #   puts Gem::Net::HTTP.get(hostname, path)
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   {
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 1,
+    #     "title": "delectus aut autem",
+    #     "completed": false
+    #   }
+    #
+    # With URI object +uri+ and optional hash argument +headers+:
+    #
+    #   uri = Gem::URI('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1')
+    #   headers = {'Content-type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'}
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get(uri, headers)
+    #
+    # Related:
+    #
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP::Get: request class for \HTTP method +GET+.
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP#get: convenience method for \HTTP method +GET+.
+    #
+    def HTTP.get(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil)
+      get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers, port).body
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, path, port = 80) -> http_response
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP:get_response(uri, headers = {}, port = uri.port) -> http_response
+    #
+    # Like Gem::Net::HTTP.get, but returns a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object
+    # instead of the body string.
+    def HTTP.get_response(uri_or_host, path_or_headers = nil, port = nil, &block)
+      if path_or_headers && !path_or_headers.is_a?(Hash)
+        host = uri_or_host
+        path = path_or_headers
+        new(host, port || HTTP.default_port).start {|http|
+          return http.request_get(path, &block)
+        }
+      else
+        uri = uri_or_host
+        headers = path_or_headers
+        start(uri.hostname, uri.port,
+              :use_ssl => uri.scheme == 'https') {|http|
+          return http.request_get(uri, headers, &block)
+        }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Posts data to a host; returns a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    #
+    # Argument +url+ must be a URL;
+    # argument +data+ must be a string:
+    #
+    #   _uri = uri.dup
+    #   _uri.path = '/posts'
+    #   data = '{"title": "foo", "body": "bar", "userId": 1}'
+    #   headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
+    #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.post(_uri, data, headers) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #   puts res.body
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   {
+    #     "title": "foo",
+    #     "body": "bar",
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 101
+    #   }
+    #
+    # Related:
+    #
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP::Post: request class for \HTTP method +POST+.
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP#post: convenience method for \HTTP method +POST+.
+    #
+    def HTTP.post(url, data, header = nil)
+      start(url.hostname, url.port,
+            :use_ssl => url.scheme == 'https' ) {|http|
+        http.post(url, data, header)
+      }
+    end
+
+    # Posts data to a host; returns a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    #
+    # Argument +url+ must be a URI;
+    # argument +data+ must be a hash:
+    #
+    #   _uri = uri.dup
+    #   _uri.path = '/posts'
+    #   data = {title: 'foo', body: 'bar', userId: 1}
+    #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.post_form(_uri, data) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #   puts res.body
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   {
+    #     "title": "foo",
+    #     "body": "bar",
+    #     "userId": "1",
+    #     "id": 101
+    #   }
+    #
+    def HTTP.post_form(url, params)
+      req = Post.new(url)
+      req.form_data = params
+      req.basic_auth url.user, url.password if url.user
+      start(url.hostname, url.port,
+            :use_ssl => url.scheme == 'https' ) {|http|
+        http.request(req)
+      }
+    end
+
+    #
+    # \HTTP session management
+    #
+
+    # Returns integer +80+, the default port to use for \HTTP requests:
+    #
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.default_port # => 80
+    #
+    def HTTP.default_port
+      http_default_port()
+    end
+
+    # Returns integer +80+, the default port to use for \HTTP requests:
+    #
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.http_default_port # => 80
+    #
+    def HTTP.http_default_port
+      80
+    end
+
+    # Returns integer +443+, the default port to use for HTTPS requests:
+    #
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.https_default_port # => 443
+    #
+    def HTTP.https_default_port
+      443
+    end
+
+    def HTTP.socket_type   #:nodoc: obsolete
+      BufferedIO
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   HTTP.start(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, opts) -> http
+    #   HTTP.start(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, opts) {|http| ... } -> object
+    #
+    # Creates a new \Gem::Net::HTTP object, +http+, via \Gem::Net::HTTP.new:
+    #
+    # - For arguments +address+ and +port+, see Gem::Net::HTTP.new.
+    # - For proxy-defining arguments +p_addr+ through +p_pass+,
+    #   see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    # - For argument +opts+, see below.
+    #
+    # With no block given:
+    #
+    # - Calls <tt>http.start</tt> with no block (see #start),
+    #   which opens a TCP connection and \HTTP session.
+    # - Returns +http+.
+    # - The caller should call #finish to close the session:
+    #
+    #     http = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname)
+    #     http.started? # => true
+    #     http.finish
+    #     http.started? # => false
+    #
+    # With a block given:
+    #
+    # - Calls <tt>http.start</tt> with the block (see #start), which:
+    #
+    #   - Opens a TCP connection and \HTTP session.
+    #   - Calls the block,
+    #     which may make any number of requests to the host.
+    #   - Closes the \HTTP session and TCP connection on block exit.
+    #   - Returns the block's value +object+.
+    #
+    # - Returns +object+.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #
+    #   hostname = 'jsonplaceholder.typicode.com'
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+    #     puts http.get('/todos/1').body
+    #     puts http.get('/todos/2').body
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   {
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 1,
+    #     "title": "delectus aut autem",
+    #     "completed": false
+    #   }
+    #   {
+    #     "userId": 1,
+    #     "id": 2,
+    #     "title": "quis ut nam facilis et officia qui",
+    #     "completed": false
+    #   }
+    #
+    # If the last argument given is a hash, it is the +opts+ hash,
+    # where each key is a method or accessor to be called,
+    # and its value is the value to be set.
+    #
+    # The keys may include:
+    #
+    # - #ca_file
+    # - #ca_path
+    # - #cert
+    # - #cert_store
+    # - #ciphers
+    # - #close_on_empty_response
+    # - +ipaddr+ (calls #ipaddr=)
+    # - #keep_alive_timeout
+    # - #key
+    # - #open_timeout
+    # - #read_timeout
+    # - #ssl_timeout
+    # - #ssl_version
+    # - +use_ssl+ (calls #use_ssl=)
+    # - #verify_callback
+    # - #verify_depth
+    # - #verify_mode
+    # - #write_timeout
+    #
+    # Note: If +port+ is +nil+ and <tt>opts[:use_ssl]</tt> is a truthy value,
+    # the value passed to +new+ is Gem::Net::HTTP.https_default_port, not +port+.
+    #
+    def HTTP.start(address, *arg, &block) # :yield: +http+
+      arg.pop if opt = Hash.try_convert(arg[-1])
+      port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass = *arg
+      p_addr = :ENV if arg.size < 2
+      port = https_default_port if !port && opt && opt[:use_ssl]
+      http = new(address, port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass)
+      http.ipaddr = opt[:ipaddr] if opt && opt[:ipaddr]
+
+      if opt
+        if opt[:use_ssl]
+          opt = {verify_mode: OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER}.update(opt)
+        end
+        http.methods.grep(/\A(\w+)=\z/) do |meth|
+          key = $1.to_sym
+          opt.key?(key) or next
+          http.__send__(meth, opt[key])
+        end
+      end
+
+      http.start(&block)
+    end
+
+    class << HTTP
+      alias newobj new # :nodoc:
+    end
+
+    # Returns a new \Gem::Net::HTTP object +http+
+    # (but does not open a TCP connection or \HTTP session).
+    #
+    # With only string argument +address+ given
+    # (and <tt>ENV['http_proxy']</tt> undefined or +nil+),
+    # the returned +http+:
+    #
+    # - Has the given address.
+    # - Has the default port number, Gem::Net::HTTP.default_port (80).
+    # - Has no proxy.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+    #   http.address # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+    #   http.port    # => 80
+    #   http.proxy?  # => false
+    #
+    # With integer argument +port+ also given,
+    # the returned +http+ has the given port:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname, 8000)
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:8000 open=false>
+    #   http.port # => 8000
+    #
+    # For proxy-defining arguments +p_addr+ through +p_no_proxy+,
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    #
+    def HTTP.new(address, port = nil, p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil, p_no_proxy = nil)
+      http = super address, port
+
+      if proxy_class? then # from Gem::Net::HTTP::Proxy()
+        http.proxy_from_env = @proxy_from_env
+        http.proxy_address  = @proxy_address
+        http.proxy_port     = @proxy_port
+        http.proxy_user     = @proxy_user
+        http.proxy_pass     = @proxy_pass
+      elsif p_addr == :ENV then
+        http.proxy_from_env = true
+      else
+        if p_addr && p_no_proxy && !Gem::URI::Generic.use_proxy?(address, address, port, p_no_proxy)
+          p_addr = nil
+          p_port = nil
+        end
+        http.proxy_address = p_addr
+        http.proxy_port    = p_port || default_port
+        http.proxy_user    = p_user
+        http.proxy_pass    = p_pass
+      end
+
+      http
+    end
+
+    # Creates a new \Gem::Net::HTTP object for the specified server address,
+    # without opening the TCP connection or initializing the \HTTP session.
+    # The +address+ should be a DNS hostname or IP address.
+    def initialize(address, port = nil) # :nodoc:
+      @address = address
+      @port    = (port || HTTP.default_port)
+      @ipaddr = nil
+      @local_host = nil
+      @local_port = nil
+      @curr_http_version = HTTPVersion
+      @keep_alive_timeout = 2
+      @last_communicated = nil
+      @close_on_empty_response = false
+      @socket  = nil
+      @started = false
+      @open_timeout = 60
+      @read_timeout = 60
+      @write_timeout = 60
+      @continue_timeout = nil
+      @max_retries = 1
+      @debug_output = nil
+      @response_body_encoding = false
+      @ignore_eof = true
+
+      @proxy_from_env = false
+      @proxy_uri      = nil
+      @proxy_address  = nil
+      @proxy_port     = nil
+      @proxy_user     = nil
+      @proxy_pass     = nil
+
+      @use_ssl = false
+      @ssl_context = nil
+      @ssl_session = nil
+      @sspi_enabled = false
+      SSL_IVNAMES.each do |ivname|
+        instance_variable_set ivname, nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns a string representation of +self+:
+    #
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname).inspect
+    #   # => "#<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>"
+    #
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} open=#{started?}>"
+    end
+
+    # *WARNING* This method opens a serious security hole.
+    # Never use this method in production code.
+    #
+    # Sets the output stream for debugging:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   File.open('t.tmp', 'w') do |file|
+    #     http.set_debug_output(file)
+    #     http.start
+    #     http.get('/nosuch/1')
+    #     http.finish
+    #   end
+    #   puts File.read('t.tmp')
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   opening connection to jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80...
+    #   opened
+    #   <- "GET /nosuch/1 HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3\r\nAccept: */*\r\nUser-Agent: Ruby\r\nHost: jsonplaceholder.typicode.com\r\n\r\n"
+    #   -> "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
+    #   -> "Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2022 21:14:11 GMT\r\n"
+    #   -> "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8\r\n"
+    #   -> "Content-Length: 2\r\n"
+    #   -> "Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Powered-By: Express\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Ratelimit-Limit: 1000\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Ratelimit-Remaining: 999\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Ratelimit-Reset: 1670879660\r\n"
+    #   -> "Vary: Origin, Accept-Encoding\r\n"
+    #   -> "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true\r\n"
+    #   -> "Cache-Control: max-age=43200\r\n"
+    #   -> "Pragma: no-cache\r\n"
+    #   -> "Expires: -1\r\n"
+    #   -> "X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff\r\n"
+    #   -> "Etag: W/\"2-vyGp6PvFo4RvsFtPoIWeCReyIC8\"\r\n"
+    #   -> "Via: 1.1 vegur\r\n"
+    #   -> "CF-Cache-Status: MISS\r\n"
+    #   -> "Server-Timing: cf-q-config;dur=1.3000000762986e-05\r\n"
+    #   -> "Report-To: {\"endpoints\":[{\"url\":\"https:\\/\\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\\/report\\/v3?s=yOr40jo%2BwS1KHzhTlVpl54beJ5Wx2FcG4gGV0XVrh3X9OlR5q4drUn2dkt5DGO4GDcE%2BVXT7CNgJvGs%2BZleIyMu8CLieFiDIvOviOY3EhHg94m0ZNZgrEdpKD0S85S507l1vsEwEHkoTm%2Ff19SiO\"}],\"group\":\"cf-nel\",\"max_age\":604800}\r\n"
+    #   -> "NEL: {\"success_fraction\":0,\"report_to\":\"cf-nel\",\"max_age\":604800}\r\n"
+    #   -> "Server: cloudflare\r\n"
+    #   -> "CF-RAY: 778977dc484ce591-DFW\r\n"
+    #   -> "alt-svc: h3=\":443\"; ma=86400, h3-29=\":443\"; ma=86400\r\n"
+    #   -> "\r\n"
+    #   reading 2 bytes...
+    #   -> "{}"
+    #   read 2 bytes
+    #   Conn keep-alive
+    #
+    def set_debug_output(output)
+      warn 'Gem::Net::HTTP#set_debug_output called after HTTP started', uplevel: 1 if started?
+      @debug_output = output
+    end
+
+    # Returns the string host name or host IP given as argument +address+ in ::new.
+    attr_reader :address
+
+    # Returns the integer port number given as argument +port+ in ::new.
+    attr_reader :port
+
+    # Sets or returns the string local host used to establish the connection;
+    # initially +nil+.
+    attr_accessor :local_host
+
+    # Sets or returns the integer local port used to establish the connection;
+    # initially +nil+.
+    attr_accessor :local_port
+
+    # Returns the encoding to use for the response body;
+    # see #response_body_encoding=.
+    attr_reader :response_body_encoding
+
+    # Sets the encoding to be used for the response body;
+    # returns the encoding.
+    #
+    # The given +value+ may be:
+    #
+    # - An Encoding object.
+    # - The name of an encoding.
+    # - An alias for an encoding name.
+    #
+    # See {Encoding}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Encoding.html].
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.response_body_encoding = Encoding::US_ASCII # => #<Encoding:US-ASCII>
+    #   http.response_body_encoding = 'US-ASCII'         # => "US-ASCII"
+    #   http.response_body_encoding = 'ASCII'            # => "ASCII"
+    #
+    def response_body_encoding=(value)
+      value = Encoding.find(value) if value.is_a?(String)
+      @response_body_encoding = value
+    end
+
+    # Sets whether to determine the proxy from environment variable
+    # '<tt>ENV['http_proxy']</tt>';
+    # see {Proxy Using ENV['http_proxy']}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Using+-27ENV-5B-27http_proxy-27-5D-27].
+    attr_writer :proxy_from_env
+
+    # Sets the proxy address;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    attr_writer :proxy_address
+
+    # Sets the proxy port;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    attr_writer :proxy_port
+
+    # Sets the proxy user;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    attr_writer :proxy_user
+
+    # Sets the proxy password;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    attr_writer :proxy_pass
+
+    # Returns the IP address for the connection.
+    #
+    # If the session has not been started,
+    # returns the value set by #ipaddr=,
+    # or +nil+ if it has not been set:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.ipaddr # => nil
+    #   http.ipaddr = '172.67.155.76'
+    #   http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
+    #
+    # If the session has been started,
+    # returns the IP address from the socket:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.start
+    #   http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
+    #   http.finish
+    #
+    def ipaddr
+      started? ?  @socket.io.peeraddr[3] : @ipaddr
+    end
+
+    # Sets the IP address for the connection:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.ipaddr # => nil
+    #   http.ipaddr = '172.67.155.76'
+    #   http.ipaddr # => "172.67.155.76"
+    #
+    # The IP address may not be set if the session has been started.
+    def ipaddr=(addr)
+      raise IOError, "ipaddr value changed, but session already started" if started?
+      @ipaddr = addr
+    end
+
+    # Sets or returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to wait for a connection to open;
+    # initially 60.
+    # If the connection is not made in the given interval,
+    # an exception is raised.
+    attr_accessor :open_timeout
+
+    # Returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to wait for one block to be read (via one read(2) call);
+    # see #read_timeout=.
+    attr_reader :read_timeout
+
+    # Returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to wait for one block to be written (via one write(2) call);
+    # see #write_timeout=.
+    attr_reader :write_timeout
+
+    # Sets the maximum number of times to retry an idempotent request in case of
+    # \Gem::Net::ReadTimeout, IOError, EOFError, Errno::ECONNRESET,
+    # Errno::ECONNABORTED, Errno::EPIPE, OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError,
+    # Gem::Timeout::Error.
+    # The initial value is 1.
+    #
+    # Argument +retries+ must be a non-negative numeric value:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.max_retries = 2   # => 2
+    #   http.max_retries       # => 2
+    #
+    def max_retries=(retries)
+      retries = retries.to_int
+      if retries < 0
+        raise ArgumentError, 'max_retries should be non-negative integer number'
+      end
+      @max_retries = retries
+    end
+
+    # Returns the maximum number of times to retry an idempotent request;
+    # see #max_retries=.
+    attr_reader :max_retries
+
+    # Sets the read timeout, in seconds, for +self+ to integer +sec+;
+    # the initial value is 60.
+    #
+    # Argument +sec+ must be a non-negative numeric value:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.read_timeout # => 60
+    #   http.get('/todos/1') # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #   http.read_timeout = 0
+    #   http.get('/todos/1') # Raises Gem::Net::ReadTimeout.
+    #
+    def read_timeout=(sec)
+      @socket.read_timeout = sec if @socket
+      @read_timeout = sec
+    end
+
+    # Sets the write timeout, in seconds, for +self+ to integer +sec+;
+    # the initial value is 60.
+    #
+    # Argument +sec+ must be a non-negative numeric value:
+    #
+    #   _uri = uri.dup
+    #   _uri.path = '/posts'
+    #   body = 'bar' * 200000
+    #   data = <<EOF
+    #   {"title": "foo", "body": "#{body}", "userId": "1"}
+    #   EOF
+    #   headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.write_timeout # => 60
+    #   http.post(_uri.path, data, headers)
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #   http.write_timeout = 0
+    #   http.post(_uri.path, data, headers) # Raises Gem::Net::WriteTimeout.
+    #
+    def write_timeout=(sec)
+      @socket.write_timeout = sec if @socket
+      @write_timeout = sec
+    end
+
+    # Returns the continue timeout value;
+    # see continue_timeout=.
+    attr_reader :continue_timeout
+
+    # Sets the continue timeout value,
+    # which is the number of seconds to wait for an expected 100 Continue response.
+    # If the \HTTP object does not receive a response in this many seconds
+    # it sends the request body.
+    def continue_timeout=(sec)
+      @socket.continue_timeout = sec if @socket
+      @continue_timeout = sec
+    end
+
+    # Sets or returns the numeric (\Integer or \Float) number of seconds
+    # to keep the connection open after a request is sent;
+    # initially 2.
+    # If a new request is made during the given interval,
+    # the still-open connection is used;
+    # otherwise the connection will have been closed
+    # and a new connection is opened.
+    attr_accessor :keep_alive_timeout
+
+    # Sets or returns whether to ignore end-of-file when reading a response body
+    # with <tt>Content-Length</tt> headers;
+    # initially +true+.
+    attr_accessor :ignore_eof
+
+    # Returns +true+ if the \HTTP session has been started:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #   http.start
+    #   http.started? # => true
+    #   http.finish # => nil
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
+    #   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+    #     http.started?
+    #   end # => true
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
+    def started?
+      @started
+    end
+
+    alias active? started?   #:nodoc: obsolete
+
+    # Sets or returns whether to close the connection when the response is empty;
+    # initially +false+.
+    attr_accessor :close_on_empty_response
+
+    # Returns +true+ if +self+ uses SSL, +false+ otherwise.
+    # See Gem::Net::HTTP#use_ssl=.
+    def use_ssl?
+      @use_ssl
+    end
+
+    # Sets whether a new session is to use
+    # {Transport Layer Security}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security]:
+    #
+    # Raises IOError if attempting to change during a session.
+    #
+    # Raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError if the port is not an HTTPS port.
+    def use_ssl=(flag)
+      flag = flag ? true : false
+      if started? and @use_ssl != flag
+        raise IOError, "use_ssl value changed, but session already started"
+      end
+      @use_ssl = flag
+    end
+
+    SSL_IVNAMES = [
+      :@ca_file,
+      :@ca_path,
+      :@cert,
+      :@cert_store,
+      :@ciphers,
+      :@extra_chain_cert,
+      :@key,
+      :@ssl_timeout,
+      :@ssl_version,
+      :@min_version,
+      :@max_version,
+      :@verify_callback,
+      :@verify_depth,
+      :@verify_mode,
+      :@verify_hostname,
+    ] # :nodoc:
+    SSL_ATTRIBUTES = [
+      :ca_file,
+      :ca_path,
+      :cert,
+      :cert_store,
+      :ciphers,
+      :extra_chain_cert,
+      :key,
+      :ssl_timeout,
+      :ssl_version,
+      :min_version,
+      :max_version,
+      :verify_callback,
+      :verify_depth,
+      :verify_mode,
+      :verify_hostname,
+    ] # :nodoc:
+
+    # Sets or returns the path to a CA certification file in PEM format.
+    attr_accessor :ca_file
+
+    # Sets or returns the path of to CA directory
+    # containing certification files in PEM format.
+    attr_accessor :ca_path
+
+    # Sets or returns the OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object
+    # to be used for client certification.
+    attr_accessor :cert
+
+    # Sets or returns the X509::Store to be used for verifying peer certificate.
+    attr_accessor :cert_store
+
+    # Sets or returns the available SSL ciphers.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ciphers=}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenSSL/SSL/SSLContext.html#method-i-ciphers-3D].
+    attr_accessor :ciphers
+
+    # Sets or returns the extra X509 certificates to be added to the certificate chain.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#add_certificate}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenSSL/SSL/SSLContext.html#method-i-add_certificate].
+    attr_accessor :extra_chain_cert
+
+    # Sets or returns the OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
+    attr_accessor :key
+
+    # Sets or returns the SSL timeout seconds.
+    attr_accessor :ssl_timeout
+
+    # Sets or returns the SSL version.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#ssl_version=}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenSSL/SSL/SSLContext.html#method-i-ssl_version-3D].
+    attr_accessor :ssl_version
+
+    # Sets or returns the minimum SSL version.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#min_version=}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenSSL/SSL/SSLContext.html#method-i-min_version-3D].
+    attr_accessor :min_version
+
+    # Sets or returns the maximum SSL version.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#max_version=}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenSSL/SSL/SSLContext.html#method-i-max_version-3D].
+    attr_accessor :max_version
+
+    # Sets or returns the callback for the server certification verification.
+    attr_accessor :verify_callback
+
+    # Sets or returns the maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
+    attr_accessor :verify_depth
+
+    # Sets or returns the flags for server the certification verification
+    # at the beginning of the SSL/TLS session.
+    # OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE or OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER are acceptable.
+    attr_accessor :verify_mode
+
+    # Sets or returns whether to verify that the server certificate is valid
+    # for the hostname.
+    # See {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#verify_hostname=}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/OpenSSL/SSL/SSLContext.html#attribute-i-verify_mode].
+    attr_accessor :verify_hostname
+
+    # Returns the X509 certificate chain (an array of strings)
+    # for the session's socket peer,
+    # or +nil+ if none.
+    def peer_cert
+      if not use_ssl? or not @socket
+        return nil
+      end
+      @socket.io.peer_cert
+    end
+
+    # Starts an \HTTP session.
+    #
+    # Without a block, returns +self+:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+    #   http.start
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=true>
+    #   http.started? # => true
+    #   http.finish
+    #
+    # With a block, calls the block with +self+,
+    # finishes the session when the block exits,
+    # and returns the block's value:
+    #
+    #   http.start do |http|
+    #     http
+    #   end
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP jsonplaceholder.typicode.com:80 open=false>
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
+    def start  # :yield: http
+      raise IOError, 'HTTP session already opened' if @started
+      if block_given?
+        begin
+          do_start
+          return yield(self)
+        ensure
+          do_finish
+        end
+      end
+      do_start
+      self
+    end
+
+    def do_start
+      connect
+      @started = true
+    end
+    private :do_start
+
+    def connect
+      if use_ssl?
+        # reference early to load OpenSSL before connecting,
+        # as OpenSSL may take time to load.
+        @ssl_context = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.new
+      end
+
+      if proxy? then
+        conn_addr = proxy_address
+        conn_port = proxy_port
+      else
+        conn_addr = conn_address
+        conn_port = port
+      end
+
+      debug "opening connection to #{conn_addr}:#{conn_port}..."
+      s = Gem::Timeout.timeout(@open_timeout, Gem::Net::OpenTimeout) {
+        begin
+          TCPSocket.open(conn_addr, conn_port, @local_host, @local_port)
+        rescue => e
+          raise e, "Failed to open TCP connection to " +
+            "#{conn_addr}:#{conn_port} (#{e.message})"
+        end
+      }
+      s.setsockopt(Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, Socket::TCP_NODELAY, 1)
+      debug "opened"
+      if use_ssl?
+        if proxy?
+          plain_sock = BufferedIO.new(s, read_timeout: @read_timeout,
+                                      write_timeout: @write_timeout,
+                                      continue_timeout: @continue_timeout,
+                                      debug_output: @debug_output)
+          buf = +"CONNECT #{conn_address}:#{@port} HTTP/#{HTTPVersion}\r\n" \
+            "Host: #{@address}:#{@port}\r\n"
+          if proxy_user
+            credential = ["#{proxy_user}:#{proxy_pass}"].pack('m0')
+            buf << "Proxy-Authorization: Basic #{credential}\r\n"
+          end
+          buf << "\r\n"
+          plain_sock.write(buf)
+          HTTPResponse.read_new(plain_sock).value
+          # assuming nothing left in buffers after successful CONNECT response
+        end
+
+        ssl_parameters = Hash.new
+        iv_list = instance_variables
+        SSL_IVNAMES.each_with_index do |ivname, i|
+          if iv_list.include?(ivname)
+            value = instance_variable_get(ivname)
+            unless value.nil?
+              ssl_parameters[SSL_ATTRIBUTES[i]] = value
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        @ssl_context.set_params(ssl_parameters)
+        unless @ssl_context.session_cache_mode.nil? # a dummy method on JRuby
+          @ssl_context.session_cache_mode =
+              OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext::SESSION_CACHE_CLIENT |
+                  OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext::SESSION_CACHE_NO_INTERNAL_STORE
+        end
+        if @ssl_context.respond_to?(:session_new_cb) # not implemented under JRuby
+          @ssl_context.session_new_cb = proc {|sock, sess| @ssl_session = sess }
+        end
+
+        # Still do the post_connection_check below even if connecting
+        # to IP address
+        verify_hostname = @ssl_context.verify_hostname
+
+        # Server Name Indication (SNI) RFC 3546/6066
+        case @address
+        when Gem::Resolv::IPv4::Regex, Gem::Resolv::IPv6::Regex
+          # don't set SNI, as IP addresses in SNI is not valid
+          # per RFC 6066, section 3.
+
+          # Avoid openssl warning
+          @ssl_context.verify_hostname = false
+        else
+          ssl_host_address = @address
+        end
+
+        debug "starting SSL for #{conn_addr}:#{conn_port}..."
+        s = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.new(s, @ssl_context)
+        s.sync_close = true
+        s.hostname = ssl_host_address if s.respond_to?(:hostname=) && ssl_host_address
+
+        if @ssl_session and
+           Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_REALTIME) < @ssl_session.time.to_f + @ssl_session.timeout
+          s.session = @ssl_session
+        end
+        ssl_socket_connect(s, @open_timeout)
+        if (@ssl_context.verify_mode != OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE) && verify_hostname
+          s.post_connection_check(@address)
+        end
+        debug "SSL established, protocol: #{s.ssl_version}, cipher: #{s.cipher[0]}"
+      end
+      @socket = BufferedIO.new(s, read_timeout: @read_timeout,
+                               write_timeout: @write_timeout,
+                               continue_timeout: @continue_timeout,
+                               debug_output: @debug_output)
+      @last_communicated = nil
+      on_connect
+    rescue => exception
+      if s
+        debug "Conn close because of connect error #{exception}"
+        s.close
+      end
+      raise
+    end
+    private :connect
+
+    def on_connect
+    end
+    private :on_connect
+
+    # Finishes the \HTTP session:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.start
+    #   http.started? # => true
+    #   http.finish   # => nil
+    #   http.started? # => false
+    #
+    # Raises IOError if not in a session.
+    def finish
+      raise IOError, 'HTTP session not yet started' unless started?
+      do_finish
+    end
+
+    def do_finish
+      @started = false
+      @socket.close if @socket
+      @socket = nil
+    end
+    private :do_finish
+
+    #
+    # proxy
+    #
+
+    public
+
+    # no proxy
+    @is_proxy_class = false
+    @proxy_from_env = false
+    @proxy_addr = nil
+    @proxy_port = nil
+    @proxy_user = nil
+    @proxy_pass = nil
+
+    # Creates an \HTTP proxy class which behaves like \Gem::Net::HTTP, but
+    # performs all access via the specified proxy.
+    #
+    # This class is obsolete.  You may pass these same parameters directly to
+    # \Gem::Net::HTTP.new.  See Gem::Net::HTTP.new for details of the arguments.
+    def HTTP.Proxy(p_addr = :ENV, p_port = nil, p_user = nil, p_pass = nil) #:nodoc:
+      return self unless p_addr
+
+      Class.new(self) {
+        @is_proxy_class = true
+
+        if p_addr == :ENV then
+          @proxy_from_env = true
+          @proxy_address = nil
+          @proxy_port    = nil
+        else
+          @proxy_from_env = false
+          @proxy_address = p_addr
+          @proxy_port    = p_port || default_port
+        end
+
+        @proxy_user = p_user
+        @proxy_pass = p_pass
+      }
+    end
+
+    class << HTTP
+      # Returns true if self is a class which was created by HTTP::Proxy.
+      def proxy_class?
+        defined?(@is_proxy_class) ? @is_proxy_class : false
+      end
+
+      # Returns the address of the proxy host, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
+      attr_reader :proxy_address
+
+      # Returns the port number of the proxy host, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
+      attr_reader :proxy_port
+
+      # Returns the user name for accessing the proxy, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
+      attr_reader :proxy_user
+
+      # Returns the password for accessing the proxy, or +nil+ if none;
+      # see Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server.
+      attr_reader :proxy_pass
+    end
+
+    # Returns +true+ if a proxy server is defined, +false+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    def proxy?
+      !!(@proxy_from_env ? proxy_uri : @proxy_address)
+    end
+
+    # Returns +true+ if the proxy server is defined in the environment,
+    # +false+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    def proxy_from_env?
+      @proxy_from_env
+    end
+
+    # The proxy URI determined from the environment for this connection.
+    def proxy_uri # :nodoc:
+      return if @proxy_uri == false
+      @proxy_uri ||= Gem::URI::HTTP.new(
+        "http", nil, address, port, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
+      ).find_proxy || false
+      @proxy_uri || nil
+    end
+
+    # Returns the address of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    def proxy_address
+      if @proxy_from_env then
+        proxy_uri&.hostname
+      else
+        @proxy_address
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the port number of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    def proxy_port
+      if @proxy_from_env then
+        proxy_uri&.port
+      else
+        @proxy_port
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the user name of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    def proxy_user
+      if @proxy_from_env
+        user = proxy_uri&.user
+        unescape(user) if user
+      else
+        @proxy_user
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the password of the proxy server, if defined, +nil+ otherwise;
+    # see {Proxy Server}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Proxy+Server].
+    def proxy_pass
+      if @proxy_from_env
+        pass = proxy_uri&.password
+        unescape(pass) if pass
+      else
+        @proxy_pass
+      end
+    end
+
+    alias proxyaddr proxy_address   #:nodoc: obsolete
+    alias proxyport proxy_port      #:nodoc: obsolete
+
+    private
+
+    def unescape(value)
+      require 'cgi/util'
+      CGI.unescape(value)
+    end
+
+    # without proxy, obsolete
+
+    def conn_address # :nodoc:
+      @ipaddr || address()
+    end
+
+    def conn_port # :nodoc:
+      port()
+    end
+
+    def edit_path(path)
+      if proxy?
+        if path.start_with?("ftp://") || use_ssl?
+          path
+        else
+          "http://#{addr_port}#{path}"
+        end
+      else
+        path
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # HTTP operations
+    #
+
+    public
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #    get(path, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }
+    #
+    # Sends a GET request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Get object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.get('/todos/1') do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   "{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false\n}"
+    #
+    # With no block given, simply returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http.get('/') # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Related:
+    #
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP::Get: request class for \HTTP method GET.
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP.get: sends GET request, returns response body.
+    #
+    def get(path, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
+      res = nil
+
+      request(Get.new(path, initheader)) {|r|
+        r.read_body dest, &block
+        res = r
+      }
+      res
+    end
+
+    # Sends a HEAD request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Head object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+:
+    #
+    #   res = http.head('/todos/1') # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #   res.body                    # => nil
+    #   res.to_hash.take(3)
+    #   # =>
+    #   [["date", ["Wed, 15 Feb 2023 15:25:42 GMT"]],
+    #    ["content-type", ["application/json; charset=utf-8"]],
+    #    ["connection", ["close"]]]
+    #
+    def head(path, initheader = nil)
+      request(Head.new(path, initheader))
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #    post(path, data, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }
+    #
+    # Sends a POST request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Post object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body:
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.post('/todos', data) do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   "{\n  \"{\\\"userId\\\": 1, \\\"id\\\": 1, \\\"title\\\": \\\"delectus aut autem\\\", \\\"completed\\\": false}\": \"\",\n  \"id\": 201\n}"
+    #
+    # With no block given, simply returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http.post('/todos', data) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Related:
+    #
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP::Post: request class for \HTTP method POST.
+    # - Gem::Net::HTTP.post: sends POST request, returns response body.
+    #
+    def post(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
+      send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, Post, &block)
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #    patch(path, data, initheader = nil) {|res| ... }
+    #
+    # Sends a PATCH request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Patch object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body:
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.patch('/todos/1', data) do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   "{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false,\n  \"{\\\"userId\\\": 1, \\\"id\\\": 1, \\\"title\\\": \\\"delectus aut autem\\\", \\\"completed\\\": false}\": \"\"\n}"
+    #
+    # With no block given, simply returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http.patch('/todos/1', data) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    def patch(path, data, initheader = nil, dest = nil, &block) # :yield: +body_segment+
+      send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, Patch, &block)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a PUT request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Put object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.put('/todos/1', data) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    def put(path, data, initheader = nil)
+      request(Put.new(path, initheader), data)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a PROPPATCH request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Proppatch object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.proppatch('/todos/1', data)
+    #
+    def proppatch(path, body, initheader = nil)
+      request(Proppatch.new(path, initheader), body)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a LOCK request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Lock object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.lock('/todos/1', data)
+    #
+    def lock(path, body, initheader = nil)
+      request(Lock.new(path, initheader), body)
+    end
+
+    # Sends an UNLOCK request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Unlock object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.unlock('/todos/1', data)
+    #
+    def unlock(path, body, initheader = nil)
+      request(Unlock.new(path, initheader), body)
+    end
+
+    # Sends an Options request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Options object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.options('/')
+    #
+    def options(path, initheader = nil)
+      request(Options.new(path, initheader))
+    end
+
+    # Sends a PROPFIND request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Propfind object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.propfind('/todos/1', data)
+    #
+    def propfind(path, body = nil, initheader = {'Depth' => '0'})
+      request(Propfind.new(path, initheader), body)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a DELETE request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Delete object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.delete('/todos/1')
+    #
+    def delete(path, initheader = {'Depth' => 'Infinity'})
+      request(Delete.new(path, initheader))
+    end
+
+    # Sends a MOVE request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Move object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.move('/todos/1')
+    #
+    def move(path, initheader = nil)
+      request(Move.new(path, initheader))
+    end
+
+    # Sends a COPY request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Copy object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.copy('/todos/1')
+    #
+    def copy(path, initheader = nil)
+      request(Copy.new(path, initheader))
+    end
+
+    # Sends a MKCOL request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Mkcol object
+    # created from string +path+, string +body+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   data = '{"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "delectus aut autem", "completed": false}'
+    #   http.mkcol('/todos/1', data)
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #
+    def mkcol(path, body = nil, initheader = nil)
+      request(Mkcol.new(path, initheader), body)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a TRACE request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Trace object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.trace('/todos/1')
+    #
+    def trace(path, initheader = nil)
+      request(Trace.new(path, initheader))
+    end
+
+    # Sends a GET request to the server;
+    # forms the response into a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Get object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With no block given, returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.request_get('/todos') # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response object
+    # and returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http.request_get('/todos') do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=false>
+    #
+    def request_get(path, initheader = nil, &block) # :yield: +response+
+      request(Get.new(path, initheader), &block)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a HEAD request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Head object
+    # created from string +path+ and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.head('/todos/1') # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    def request_head(path, initheader = nil, &block)
+      request(Head.new(path, initheader), &block)
+    end
+
+    # Sends a POST request to the server;
+    # forms the response into a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Post object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    # With no block given, returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.post('/todos', 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response body
+    # and returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http.post('/todos', 'xyzzy') do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   "{\n  \"xyzzy\": \"\",\n  \"id\": 201\n}"
+    #
+    def request_post(path, data, initheader = nil, &block) # :yield: +response+
+      request Post.new(path, initheader), data, &block
+    end
+
+    # Sends a PUT request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTP::Put object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +initheader+.
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.put('/todos/1', 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    def request_put(path, data, initheader = nil, &block)   #:nodoc:
+      request Put.new(path, initheader), data, &block
+    end
+
+    alias get2   request_get    #:nodoc: obsolete
+    alias head2  request_head   #:nodoc: obsolete
+    alias post2  request_post   #:nodoc: obsolete
+    alias put2   request_put    #:nodoc: obsolete
+
+    # Sends an \HTTP request to the server;
+    # returns an instance of a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+    #
+    # The request is based on the Gem::Net::HTTPRequest object
+    # created from string +path+, string +data+, and initial headers hash +header+.
+    # That object is an instance of the
+    # {subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPRequest}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Subclasses],
+    # that corresponds to the given uppercase string +name+,
+    # which must be
+    # an {HTTP request method}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP#Request_methods]
+    # or a {WebDAV request method}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAV#Implementation].
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #   http.send_request('GET', '/todos/1')
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #   http.send_request('POST', '/todos', 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    def send_request(name, path, data = nil, header = nil)
+      has_response_body = name != 'HEAD'
+      r = HTTPGenericRequest.new(name,(data ? true : false),has_response_body,path,header)
+      request r, data
+    end
+
+    # Sends the given request +req+ to the server;
+    # forms the response into a Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object.
+    #
+    # The given +req+ must be an instance of a
+    # {subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPRequest}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Subclasses].
+    # Argument +body+ should be given only if needed for the request.
+    #
+    # With no block given, returns the response object:
+    #
+    #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+    #
+    #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new('/todos/1')
+    #   http.request(req)
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new('/todos')
+    #   http.request(req, 'xyzzy')
+    #   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+    #
+    # With a block given, calls the block with the response and returns the response:
+    #
+    #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new('/todos/1')
+    #   http.request(req) do |res|
+    #     p res
+    #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+    #
+    # Output:
+    #
+    #   #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=false>
+    #
+    def request(req, body = nil, &block)  # :yield: +response+
+      unless started?
+        start {
+          req['connection'] ||= 'close'
+          return request(req, body, &block)
+        }
+      end
+      if proxy_user()
+        req.proxy_basic_auth proxy_user(), proxy_pass() unless use_ssl?
+      end
+      req.set_body_internal body
+      res = transport_request(req, &block)
+      if sspi_auth?(res)
+        sspi_auth(req)
+        res = transport_request(req, &block)
+      end
+      res
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Executes a request which uses a representation
+    # and returns its body.
+    def send_entity(path, data, initheader, dest, type, &block)
+      res = nil
+      request(type.new(path, initheader), data) {|r|
+        r.read_body dest, &block
+        res = r
+      }
+      res
+    end
+
+    IDEMPOTENT_METHODS_ = %w/GET HEAD PUT DELETE OPTIONS TRACE/ # :nodoc:
+
+    def transport_request(req)
+      count = 0
+      begin
+        begin_transport req
+        res = catch(:response) {
+          begin
+            req.exec @socket, @curr_http_version, edit_path(req.path)
+          rescue Errno::EPIPE
+            # Failure when writing full request, but we can probably
+            # still read the received response.
+          end
+
+          begin
+            res = HTTPResponse.read_new(@socket)
+            res.decode_content = req.decode_content
+            res.body_encoding = @response_body_encoding
+            res.ignore_eof = @ignore_eof
+          end while res.kind_of?(HTTPInformation)
+
+          res.uri = req.uri
+
+          res
+        }
+        res.reading_body(@socket, req.response_body_permitted?) {
+          yield res if block_given?
+        }
+      rescue Gem::Net::OpenTimeout
+        raise
+      rescue Gem::Net::ReadTimeout, IOError, EOFError,
+             Errno::ECONNRESET, Errno::ECONNABORTED, Errno::EPIPE, Errno::ETIMEDOUT,
+             # avoid a dependency on OpenSSL
+             defined?(OpenSSL::SSL) ? OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError : IOError,
+             Gem::Timeout::Error => exception
+        if count < max_retries && IDEMPOTENT_METHODS_.include?(req.method)
+          count += 1
+          @socket.close if @socket
+          debug "Conn close because of error #{exception}, and retry"
+          retry
+        end
+        debug "Conn close because of error #{exception}"
+        @socket.close if @socket
+        raise
+      end
+
+      end_transport req, res
+      res
+    rescue => exception
+      debug "Conn close because of error #{exception}"
+      @socket.close if @socket
+      raise exception
+    end
+
+    def begin_transport(req)
+      if @socket.closed?
+        connect
+      elsif @last_communicated
+        if @last_communicated + @keep_alive_timeout < Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
+          debug 'Conn close because of keep_alive_timeout'
+          @socket.close
+          connect
+        elsif @socket.io.to_io.wait_readable(0) && @socket.eof?
+          debug "Conn close because of EOF"
+          @socket.close
+          connect
+        end
+      end
+
+      if not req.response_body_permitted? and @close_on_empty_response
+        req['connection'] ||= 'close'
+      end
+
+      req.update_uri address, port, use_ssl?
+      req['host'] ||= addr_port()
+    end
+
+    def end_transport(req, res)
+      @curr_http_version = res.http_version
+      @last_communicated = nil
+      if @socket.closed?
+        debug 'Conn socket closed'
+      elsif not res.body and @close_on_empty_response
+        debug 'Conn close'
+        @socket.close
+      elsif keep_alive?(req, res)
+        debug 'Conn keep-alive'
+        @last_communicated = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
+      else
+        debug 'Conn close'
+        @socket.close
+      end
+    end
+
+    def keep_alive?(req, res)
+      return false if req.connection_close?
+      if @curr_http_version <= '1.0'
+        res.connection_keep_alive?
+      else   # HTTP/1.1 or later
+        not res.connection_close?
+      end
+    end
+
+    def sspi_auth?(res)
+      return false unless @sspi_enabled
+      if res.kind_of?(HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired) and
+          proxy? and res["Proxy-Authenticate"].include?("Negotiate")
+        begin
+          require 'win32/sspi'
+          true
+        rescue LoadError
+          false
+        end
+      else
+        false
+      end
+    end
+
+    def sspi_auth(req)
+      n = Win32::SSPI::NegotiateAuth.new
+      req["Proxy-Authorization"] = "Negotiate #{n.get_initial_token}"
+      # Some versions of ISA will close the connection if this isn't present.
+      req["Connection"] = "Keep-Alive"
+      req["Proxy-Connection"] = "Keep-Alive"
+      res = transport_request(req)
+      authphrase = res["Proxy-Authenticate"]  or return res
+      req["Proxy-Authorization"] = "Negotiate #{n.complete_authentication(authphrase)}"
+    rescue => err
+      raise HTTPAuthenticationError.new('HTTP authentication failed', err)
+    end
+
+    #
+    # utils
+    #
+
+    private
+
+    def addr_port
+      addr = address
+      addr = "[#{addr}]" if addr.include?(":")
+      default_port = use_ssl? ? HTTP.https_default_port : HTTP.http_default_port
+      default_port == port ? addr : "#{addr}:#{port}"
+    end
+
+    # Adds a message to debugging output
+    def debug(msg)
+      return unless @debug_output
+      @debug_output << msg
+      @debug_output << "\n"
+    end
+
+    alias_method :D, :debug
+  end
+
+end
+
+require_relative 'http/exceptions'
+
+require_relative 'http/header'
+
+require_relative 'http/generic_request'
+require_relative 'http/request'
+require_relative 'http/requests'
+
+require_relative 'http/response'
+require_relative 'http/responses'
+
+require_relative 'http/proxy_delta'
+
+require_relative 'http/backward'
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/backward.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/backward.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..10dbc16224
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/backward.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+# for backward compatibility
+
+# :enddoc:
+
+class Gem::Net::HTTP
+  ProxyMod = ProxyDelta
+  deprecate_constant :ProxyMod
+end
+
+module Gem::Net::NetPrivate
+  HTTPRequest = ::Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  deprecate_constant :HTTPRequest
+end
+
+module Gem::Net
+  HTTPSession = HTTP
+
+  HTTPInformationCode  = HTTPInformation
+  HTTPSuccessCode      = HTTPSuccess
+  HTTPRedirectionCode  = HTTPRedirection
+  HTTPRetriableCode    = HTTPRedirection
+  HTTPClientErrorCode  = HTTPClientError
+  HTTPFatalErrorCode   = HTTPClientError
+  HTTPServerErrorCode  = HTTPServerError
+  HTTPResponseReceiver = HTTPResponse
+
+  HTTPResponceReceiver = HTTPResponse # Typo since 2001
+
+  deprecate_constant :HTTPSession,
+                     :HTTPInformationCode,
+                     :HTTPSuccessCode,
+                     :HTTPRedirectionCode,
+                     :HTTPRetriableCode,
+                     :HTTPClientErrorCode,
+                     :HTTPFatalErrorCode,
+                     :HTTPServerErrorCode,
+                     :HTTPResponseReceiver,
+                     :HTTPResponceReceiver
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c629c0113b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module Gem::Net
+  # Gem::Net::HTTP exception class.
+  # You cannot use Gem::Net::HTTPExceptions directly; instead, you must use
+  # its subclasses.
+  module HTTPExceptions
+    def initialize(msg, res)   #:nodoc:
+      super msg
+      @response = res
+    end
+    attr_reader :response
+    alias data response    #:nodoc: obsolete
+  end
+
+  class HTTPError < ProtocolError
+    include HTTPExceptions
+  end
+
+  class HTTPRetriableError < ProtoRetriableError
+    include HTTPExceptions
+  end
+
+  class HTTPClientException < ProtoServerError
+    include HTTPExceptions
+  end
+
+  class HTTPFatalError < ProtoFatalError
+    include HTTPExceptions
+  end
+
+  # We cannot use the name "HTTPServerError", it is the name of the response.
+  HTTPServerException = HTTPClientException # :nodoc:
+  deprecate_constant(:HTTPServerException)
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cfe75a7cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#
+# \HTTPGenericRequest is the parent of the Gem::Net::HTTPRequest class.
+#
+# Do not use this directly; instead, use a subclass of Gem::Net::HTTPRequest.
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTPGenericRequest
+
+  include Gem::Net::HTTPHeader
+
+  def initialize(m, reqbody, resbody, uri_or_path, initheader = nil) # :nodoc:
+    @method = m
+    @request_has_body = reqbody
+    @response_has_body = resbody
+
+    if Gem::URI === uri_or_path then
+      raise ArgumentError, "not an HTTP Gem::URI" unless Gem::URI::HTTP === uri_or_path
+      hostname = uri_or_path.hostname
+      raise ArgumentError, "no host component for Gem::URI" unless (hostname && hostname.length > 0)
+      @uri = uri_or_path.dup
+      host = @uri.hostname.dup
+      host << ":" << @uri.port.to_s if @uri.port != @uri.default_port
+      @path = uri_or_path.request_uri
+      raise ArgumentError, "no HTTP request path given" unless @path
+    else
+      @uri = nil
+      host = nil
+      raise ArgumentError, "no HTTP request path given" unless uri_or_path
+      raise ArgumentError, "HTTP request path is empty" if uri_or_path.empty?
+      @path = uri_or_path.dup
+    end
+
+    @decode_content = false
+
+    if Gem::Net::HTTP::HAVE_ZLIB then
+      if !initheader ||
+         !initheader.keys.any? { |k|
+           %w[accept-encoding range].include? k.downcase
+         } then
+        @decode_content = true if @response_has_body
+        initheader = initheader ? initheader.dup : {}
+        initheader["accept-encoding"] =
+          "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"
+      end
+    end
+
+    initialize_http_header initheader
+    self['Accept'] ||= '*/*'
+    self['User-Agent'] ||= 'Ruby'
+    self['Host'] ||= host if host
+    @body = nil
+    @body_stream = nil
+    @body_data = nil
+  end
+
+  # Returns the string method name for the request:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).method  # => "GET"
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).method # => "POST"
+  #
+  attr_reader :method
+
+  # Returns the string path for the request:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).path # => "/"
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new('example.com').path # => "example.com"
+  #
+  attr_reader :path
+
+  # Returns the Gem::URI object for the request, or +nil+ if none:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).uri
+  #   # => #<Gem::URI::HTTPS https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/>
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new('example.com').uri # => nil
+  #
+  attr_reader :uri
+
+  # Returns +false+ if the request's header <tt>'Accept-Encoding'</tt>
+  # has been set manually or deleted
+  # (indicating that the user intends to handle encoding in the response),
+  # +true+ otherwise:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+  #   req['Accept-Encoding']        # => "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"
+  #   req.decode_content            # => true
+  #   req['Accept-Encoding'] = 'foo'
+  #   req.decode_content            # => false
+  #   req.delete('Accept-Encoding')
+  #   req.decode_content            # => false
+  #
+  attr_reader :decode_content
+
+  # Returns a string representation of the request:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).inspect # => "#<Gem::Net::HTTP::Post POST>"
+  #
+  def inspect
+    "\#<#{self.class} #{@method}>"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Don't automatically decode response content-encoding if the user indicates
+  # they want to handle it.
+
+  def []=(key, val) # :nodoc:
+    @decode_content = false if key.downcase == 'accept-encoding'
+
+    super key, val
+  end
+
+  # Returns whether the request may have a body:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).request_body_permitted? # => true
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri).request_body_permitted?  # => false
+  #
+  def request_body_permitted?
+    @request_has_body
+  end
+
+  # Returns whether the response may have a body:
+  #
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri).response_body_permitted? # => true
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP::Head.new(uri).response_body_permitted? # => false
+  #
+  def response_body_permitted?
+    @response_has_body
+  end
+
+  def body_exist? # :nodoc:
+    warn "Gem::Net::HTTPRequest#body_exist? is obsolete; use response_body_permitted?", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    response_body_permitted?
+  end
+
+  # Returns the string body for the request, or +nil+ if there is none:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
+  #   req.body # => nil
+  #   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+  #   req.body # => "{\"title\": \"foo\",\"body\": \"bar\",\"userId\": 1}"
+  #
+  attr_reader :body
+
+  # Sets the body for the request:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
+  #   req.body # => nil
+  #   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+  #   req.body # => "{\"title\": \"foo\",\"body\": \"bar\",\"userId\": 1}"
+  #
+  def body=(str)
+    @body = str
+    @body_stream = nil
+    @body_data = nil
+    str
+  end
+
+  # Returns the body stream object for the request, or +nil+ if there is none:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)          # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => nil
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   req.body_stream = StringIO.new('xyzzy') # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #
+  attr_reader :body_stream
+
+  # Sets the body stream for the request:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)          # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => nil
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   req.body_stream = StringIO.new('xyzzy') # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #   req.body_stream                         # => #<StringIO:0x0000027d1e5affa8>
+  #
+  def body_stream=(input)
+    @body = nil
+    @body_stream = input
+    @body_data = nil
+    input
+  end
+
+  def set_body_internal(str)   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    raise ArgumentError, "both of body argument and HTTPRequest#body set" if str and (@body or @body_stream)
+    self.body = str if str
+    if @body.nil? && @body_stream.nil? && @body_data.nil? && request_body_permitted?
+      self.body = ''
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # write
+  #
+
+  def exec(sock, ver, path)   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    if @body
+      send_request_with_body sock, ver, path, @body
+    elsif @body_stream
+      send_request_with_body_stream sock, ver, path, @body_stream
+    elsif @body_data
+      send_request_with_body_data sock, ver, path, @body_data
+    else
+      write_header sock, ver, path
+    end
+  end
+
+  def update_uri(addr, port, ssl) # :nodoc: internal use only
+    # reflect the connection and @path to @uri
+    return unless @uri
+
+    if ssl
+      scheme = 'https'
+      klass = Gem::URI::HTTPS
+    else
+      scheme = 'http'
+      klass = Gem::URI::HTTP
+    end
+
+    if host = self['host']
+      host.sub!(/:.*/m, '')
+    elsif host = @uri.host
+    else
+     host = addr
+    end
+    # convert the class of the Gem::URI
+    if @uri.is_a?(klass)
+      @uri.host = host
+      @uri.port = port
+    else
+      @uri = klass.new(
+        scheme, @uri.userinfo,
+        host, port, nil,
+        @uri.path, nil, @uri.query, nil)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  class Chunker #:nodoc:
+    def initialize(sock)
+      @sock = sock
+      @prev = nil
+    end
+
+    def write(buf)
+      # avoid memcpy() of buf, buf can huge and eat memory bandwidth
+      rv = buf.bytesize
+      @sock.write("#{rv.to_s(16)}\r\n", buf, "\r\n")
+      rv
+    end
+
+    def finish
+      @sock.write("0\r\n\r\n")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def send_request_with_body(sock, ver, path, body)
+    self.content_length = body.bytesize
+    delete 'Transfer-Encoding'
+    supply_default_content_type
+    write_header sock, ver, path
+    wait_for_continue sock, ver if sock.continue_timeout
+    sock.write body
+  end
+
+  def send_request_with_body_stream(sock, ver, path, f)
+    unless content_length() or chunked?
+      raise ArgumentError,
+          "Content-Length not given and Transfer-Encoding is not `chunked'"
+    end
+    supply_default_content_type
+    write_header sock, ver, path
+    wait_for_continue sock, ver if sock.continue_timeout
+    if chunked?
+      chunker = Chunker.new(sock)
+      IO.copy_stream(f, chunker)
+      chunker.finish
+    else
+      IO.copy_stream(f, sock)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def send_request_with_body_data(sock, ver, path, params)
+    if /\Amultipart\/form-data\z/i !~ self.content_type
+      self.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+      return send_request_with_body(sock, ver, path, Gem::URI.encode_www_form(params))
+    end
+
+    opt = @form_option.dup
+    require 'securerandom' unless defined?(SecureRandom)
+    opt[:boundary] ||= SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(40)
+    self.set_content_type(self.content_type, boundary: opt[:boundary])
+    if chunked?
+      write_header sock, ver, path
+      encode_multipart_form_data(sock, params, opt)
+    else
+      require 'tempfile'
+      file = Tempfile.new('multipart')
+      file.binmode
+      encode_multipart_form_data(file, params, opt)
+      file.rewind
+      self.content_length = file.size
+      write_header sock, ver, path
+      IO.copy_stream(file, sock)
+      file.close(true)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def encode_multipart_form_data(out, params, opt)
+    charset = opt[:charset]
+    boundary = opt[:boundary]
+    require 'securerandom' unless defined?(SecureRandom)
+    boundary ||= SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(40)
+    chunked_p = chunked?
+
+    buf = +''
+    params.each do |key, value, h={}|
+      key = quote_string(key, charset)
+      filename =
+        h.key?(:filename) ? h[:filename] :
+        value.respond_to?(:to_path) ? File.basename(value.to_path) :
+        nil
+
+      buf << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+      if filename
+        filename = quote_string(filename, charset)
+        type = h[:content_type] || 'application/octet-stream'
+        buf << "Content-Disposition: form-data; " \
+          "name=\"#{key}\"; filename=\"#{filename}\"\r\n" \
+          "Content-Type: #{type}\r\n\r\n"
+        if !out.respond_to?(:write) || !value.respond_to?(:read)
+          # if +out+ is not an IO or +value+ is not an IO
+          buf << (value.respond_to?(:read) ? value.read : value)
+        elsif value.respond_to?(:size) && chunked_p
+          # if +out+ is an IO and +value+ is a File, use IO.copy_stream
+          flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+          out << "%x\r\n" % value.size if chunked_p
+          IO.copy_stream(value, out)
+          out << "\r\n" if chunked_p
+        else
+          # +out+ is an IO, and +value+ is not a File but an IO
+          flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+          1 while flush_buffer(out, value.read(4096), chunked_p)
+        end
+      else
+        # non-file field:
+        #   HTML5 says, "The parts of the generated multipart/form-data
+        #   resource that correspond to non-file fields must not have a
+        #   Content-Type header specified."
+        buf << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"#{key}\"\r\n\r\n"
+        buf << (value.respond_to?(:read) ? value.read : value)
+      end
+      buf << "\r\n"
+    end
+    buf << "--#{boundary}--\r\n"
+    flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+    out << "0\r\n\r\n" if chunked_p
+  end
+
+  def quote_string(str, charset)
+    str = str.encode(charset, fallback:->(c){'&#%d;'%c.encode("UTF-8").ord}) if charset
+    str.gsub(/[\\"]/, '\\\\\&')
+  end
+
+  def flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+    return unless buf
+    out << "%x\r\n"%buf.bytesize if chunked_p
+    out << buf
+    out << "\r\n" if chunked_p
+    buf.clear
+  end
+
+  def supply_default_content_type
+    return if content_type()
+    warn 'net/http: Content-Type did not set; using application/x-www-form-urlencoded', uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    set_content_type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Waits up to the continue timeout for a response from the server provided
+  # we're speaking HTTP 1.1 and are expecting a 100-continue response.
+
+  def wait_for_continue(sock, ver)
+    if ver >= '1.1' and @header['expect'] and
+        @header['expect'].include?('100-continue')
+      if sock.io.to_io.wait_readable(sock.continue_timeout)
+        res = Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.read_new(sock)
+        unless res.kind_of?(Gem::Net::HTTPContinue)
+          res.decode_content = @decode_content
+          throw :response, res
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def write_header(sock, ver, path)
+    reqline = "#{@method} #{path} HTTP/#{ver}"
+    if /[\r\n]/ =~ reqline
+      raise ArgumentError, "A Request-Line must not contain CR or LF"
+    end
+    buf = +''
+    buf << reqline << "\r\n"
+    each_capitalized do |k,v|
+      buf << "#{k}: #{v}\r\n"
+    end
+    buf << "\r\n"
+    sock.write buf
+  end
+
+end
+
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/header.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/header.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1488e60068
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/header.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,981 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#
+# The \HTTPHeader module provides access to \HTTP headers.
+#
+# The module is included in:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPGenericRequest (and therefore Gem::Net::HTTPRequest).
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPResponse.
+#
+# The headers are a hash-like collection of key/value pairs called _fields_.
+#
+# == Request and Response Fields
+#
+# Headers may be included in:
+#
+# - A Gem::Net::HTTPRequest object:
+#   the object's headers will be sent with the request.
+#   Any fields may be defined in the request;
+#   see {Setters}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Setters].
+# - A Gem::Net::HTTPResponse object:
+#   the objects headers are usually those returned from the host.
+#   Fields may be retrieved from the object;
+#   see {Getters}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Getters]
+#   and {Iterators}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Iterators].
+#
+# Exactly which fields should be sent or expected depends on the host;
+# see:
+#
+# - {Request fields}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Request_fields].
+# - {Response fields}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Response_fields].
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+#
+# == Fields
+#
+# A header field is a key/value pair.
+#
+# === Field Keys
+#
+# A field key may be:
+#
+# - A string: Key <tt>'Accept'</tt> is treated as if it were
+#   <tt>'Accept'.downcase</tt>;  i.e., <tt>'accept'</tt>.
+# - A symbol: Key <tt>:Accept</tt> is treated as if it were
+#   <tt>:Accept.to_s.downcase</tt>;  i.e., <tt>'accept'</tt>.
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+#   req[:accept]  # => "*/*"
+#   req['Accept'] # => "*/*"
+#   req['ACCEPT'] # => "*/*"
+#
+#   req['accept'] = 'text/html'
+#   req[:accept] = 'text/html'
+#   req['ACCEPT'] = 'text/html'
+#
+# === Field Values
+#
+# A field value may be returned as an array of strings or as a string:
+#
+# - These methods return field values as arrays:
+#
+#   - #get_fields: Returns the array value for the given key,
+#     or +nil+ if it does not exist.
+#   - #to_hash: Returns a hash of all header fields:
+#     each key is a field name; its value is the array value for the field.
+#
+# - These methods return field values as string;
+#   the string value for a field is equivalent to
+#   <tt>self[key.downcase.to_s].join(', '))</tt>:
+#
+#   - #[]: Returns the string value for the given key,
+#     or +nil+ if it does not exist.
+#   - #fetch: Like #[], but accepts a default value
+#     to be returned if the key does not exist.
+#
+# The field value may be set:
+#
+# - #[]=: Sets the value for the given key;
+#   the given value may be a string, a symbol, an array, or a hash.
+# - #add_field: Adds a given value to a value for the given key
+#   (not overwriting the existing value).
+# - #delete: Deletes the field for the given key.
+#
+# Example field values:
+#
+# - \String:
+#
+#     req['Accept'] = 'text/html' # => "text/html"
+#     req['Accept']               # => "text/html"
+#     req.get_fields('Accept')    # => ["text/html"]
+#
+# - \Symbol:
+#
+#     req['Accept'] = :text    # => :text
+#     req['Accept']            # => "text"
+#     req.get_fields('Accept') # => ["text"]
+#
+# - Simple array:
+#
+#     req[:foo] = %w[bar baz bat]
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat"]
+#
+# - Simple hash:
+#
+#     req[:foo] = {bar: 0, baz: 1, bat: 2}
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, 0, baz, 1, bat, 2"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "0", "baz", "1", "bat", "2"]
+#
+# - Nested:
+#
+#     req[:foo] = [%w[bar baz], {bat: 0, bam: 1}]
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat, 0, bam, 1"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat", "0", "bam", "1"]
+#
+#     req[:foo] = {bar: %w[baz bat], bam: {bah: 0, bad: 1}}
+#     req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat, bam, bah, 0, bad, 1"
+#     req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat", "bam", "bah", "0", "bad", "1"]
+#
+# == Convenience Methods
+#
+# Various convenience methods retrieve values, set values, query values,
+# set form values, or iterate over fields.
+#
+# === Setters
+#
+# \Method #[]= can set any field, but does little to validate the new value;
+# some of the other setter methods provide some validation:
+#
+# - #[]=: Sets the string or array value for the given key.
+# - #add_field: Creates or adds to the array value for the given key.
+# - #basic_auth: Sets the string authorization header for <tt>'Authorization'</tt>.
+# - #content_length=: Sets the integer length for field <tt>'Content-Length</tt>.
+# - #content_type=: Sets the string value for field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #proxy_basic_auth: Sets the string authorization header for <tt>'Proxy-Authorization'</tt>.
+# - #set_range: Sets the value for field <tt>'Range'</tt>.
+#
+# === Form Setters
+#
+# - #set_form: Sets an HTML form data set.
+# - #set_form_data: Sets header fields and a body from HTML form data.
+#
+# === Getters
+#
+# \Method #[] can retrieve the value of any field that exists,
+# but always as a string;
+# some of the other getter methods return something different
+# from the simple string value:
+#
+# - #[]: Returns the string field value for the given key.
+# - #content_length: Returns the integer value of field <tt>'Content-Length'</tt>.
+# - #content_range: Returns the Range value of field <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>.
+# - #content_type: Returns the string value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #fetch: Returns the string field value for the given key.
+# - #get_fields: Returns the array field value for the given +key+.
+# - #main_type: Returns first part of the string value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #sub_type: Returns second part of the string value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+# - #range: Returns an array of Range objects of field <tt>'Range'</tt>, or +nil+.
+# - #range_length: Returns the integer length of the range given in field <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>.
+# - #type_params: Returns the string parameters for <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>.
+#
+# === Queries
+#
+# - #chunked?: Returns whether field <tt>'Transfer-Encoding'</tt> is set to <tt>'chunked'</tt>.
+# - #connection_close?: Returns whether field <tt>'Connection'</tt> is set to <tt>'close'</tt>.
+# - #connection_keep_alive?: Returns whether field <tt>'Connection'</tt> is set to <tt>'keep-alive'</tt>.
+# - #key?: Returns whether a given key exists.
+#
+# === Iterators
+#
+# - #each_capitalized: Passes each field capitalized-name/value pair to the block.
+# - #each_capitalized_name: Passes each capitalized field name to the block.
+# - #each_header: Passes each field name/value pair to the block.
+# - #each_name: Passes each field name to the block.
+# - #each_value: Passes each string field value to the block.
+#
+module Gem::Net::HTTPHeader
+  MAX_KEY_LENGTH = 1024
+  MAX_FIELD_LENGTH = 65536
+
+  def initialize_http_header(initheader) #:nodoc:
+    @header = {}
+    return unless initheader
+    initheader.each do |key, value|
+      warn "net/http: duplicated HTTP header: #{key}", uplevel: 3 if key?(key) and $VERBOSE
+      if value.nil?
+        warn "net/http: nil HTTP header: #{key}", uplevel: 3 if $VERBOSE
+      else
+        value = value.strip # raise error for invalid byte sequences
+        if key.to_s.bytesize > MAX_KEY_LENGTH
+          raise ArgumentError, "too long (#{key.bytesize} bytes) header: #{key[0, 30].inspect}..."
+        end
+        if value.to_s.bytesize > MAX_FIELD_LENGTH
+          raise ArgumentError, "header #{key} has too long field value: #{value.bytesize}"
+        end
+        if value.count("\r\n") > 0
+          raise ArgumentError, "header #{key} has field value #{value.inspect}, this cannot include CR/LF"
+        end
+        @header[key.downcase.to_s] = [value]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def size   #:nodoc: obsolete
+    @header.size
+  end
+
+  alias length size   #:nodoc: obsolete
+
+  # Returns the string field value for the case-insensitive field +key+,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such key;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Connection'] # => "keep-alive"
+  #   res['Nosuch']     # => nil
+  #
+  # Note that some field values may be retrieved via convenience methods;
+  # see {Getters}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Getters].
+  def [](key)
+    a = @header[key.downcase.to_s] or return nil
+    a.join(', ')
+  end
+
+  # Sets the value for the case-insensitive +key+ to +val+,
+  # overwriting the previous value if the field exists;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req['Accept'] # => "*/*"
+  #   req['Accept'] = 'text/html'
+  #   req['Accept'] # => "text/html"
+  #
+  # Note that some field values may be set via convenience methods;
+  # see {Setters}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Setters].
+  def []=(key, val)
+    unless val
+      @header.delete key.downcase.to_s
+      return val
+    end
+    set_field(key, val)
+  end
+
+  # Adds value +val+ to the value array for field +key+ if the field exists;
+  # creates the field with the given +key+ and +val+ if it does not exist.
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.add_field('Foo', 'bar')
+  #   req['Foo']            # => "bar"
+  #   req.add_field('Foo', 'baz')
+  #   req['Foo']            # => "bar, baz"
+  #   req.add_field('Foo', %w[baz bam])
+  #   req['Foo']            # => "bar, baz, baz, bam"
+  #   req.get_fields('Foo') # => ["bar", "baz", "baz", "bam"]
+  #
+  def add_field(key, val)
+    stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
+    if @header.key?(stringified_downcased_key)
+      append_field_value(@header[stringified_downcased_key], val)
+    else
+      set_field(key, val)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private def set_field(key, val)
+    case val
+    when Enumerable
+      ary = []
+      append_field_value(ary, val)
+      @header[key.downcase.to_s] = ary
+    else
+      val = val.to_s # for compatibility use to_s instead of to_str
+      if val.b.count("\r\n") > 0
+        raise ArgumentError, 'header field value cannot include CR/LF'
+      end
+      @header[key.downcase.to_s] = [val]
+    end
+  end
+
+  private def append_field_value(ary, val)
+    case val
+    when Enumerable
+      val.each{|x| append_field_value(ary, x)}
+    else
+      val = val.to_s
+      if /[\r\n]/n.match?(val.b)
+        raise ArgumentError, 'header field value cannot include CR/LF'
+      end
+      ary.push val
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Returns the array field value for the given +key+,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such field;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.get_fields('Connection') # => ["keep-alive"]
+  #   res.get_fields('Nosuch')     # => nil
+  #
+  def get_fields(key)
+    stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
+    return nil unless @header[stringified_downcased_key]
+    @header[stringified_downcased_key].dup
+  end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #   fetch(key, default_val = nil) {|key| ... } -> object
+  #   fetch(key, default_val = nil) -> value or default_val
+  #
+  # With a block, returns the string value for +key+ if it exists;
+  # otherwise returns the value of the block;
+  # ignores the +default_val+;
+  # see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #
+  #   # Field exists; block not called.
+  #   res.fetch('Connection') do |value|
+  #     fail 'Cannot happen'
+  #   end # => "keep-alive"
+  #
+  #   # Field does not exist; block called.
+  #   res.fetch('Nosuch') do |value|
+  #     value.downcase
+  #   end # => "nosuch"
+  #
+  # With no block, returns the string value for +key+ if it exists;
+  # otherwise, returns +default_val+ if it was given;
+  # otherwise raises an exception:
+  #
+  #   res.fetch('Connection', 'Foo') # => "keep-alive"
+  #   res.fetch('Nosuch', 'Foo')     # => "Foo"
+  #   res.fetch('Nosuch')            # Raises KeyError.
+  #
+  def fetch(key, *args, &block)   #:yield: +key+
+    a = @header.fetch(key.downcase.to_s, *args, &block)
+    a.kind_of?(Array) ? a.join(', ') : a
+  end
+
+  # Calls the block with each key/value pair:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_header do |key, value|
+  #     p [key, value] if key.start_with?('c')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   ["content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8"]
+  #   ["connection", "keep-alive"]
+  #   ["cache-control", "max-age=43200"]
+  #   ["cf-cache-status", "HIT"]
+  #   ["cf-ray", "771d17e9bc542cf5-ORD"]
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  #
+  # Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#each is an alias for Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#each_header.
+  def each_header   #:yield: +key+, +value+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each do |k,va|
+      yield k, va.join(', ')
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias each each_header
+
+  # Calls the block with each field key:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_key do |key|
+  #     p key if key.start_with?('c')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   "content-type"
+  #   "connection"
+  #   "cache-control"
+  #   "cf-cache-status"
+  #   "cf-ray"
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  #
+  # Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#each_name is an alias for Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#each_key.
+  def each_name(&block)   #:yield: +key+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each_key(&block)
+  end
+
+  alias each_key each_name
+
+  # Calls the block with each capitalized field name:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_capitalized_name do |key|
+  #     p key if key.start_with?('C')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   "Content-Type"
+  #   "Connection"
+  #   "Cache-Control"
+  #   "Cf-Cache-Status"
+  #   "Cf-Ray"
+  #
+  # The capitalization is system-dependent;
+  # see {Case Mapping}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/case_mapping_rdoc.html].
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  def each_capitalized_name  #:yield: +key+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each_key do |k|
+      yield capitalize(k)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Calls the block with each string field value:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.each_value do |value|
+  #     p value if value.start_with?('c')
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   "chunked"
+  #   "cf-q-config;dur=6.0000002122251e-06"
+  #   "cloudflare"
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  def each_value   #:yield: +value+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each_value do |va|
+      yield va.join(', ')
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Removes the header for the given case-insensitive +key+
+  # (see {Fields}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Fields]);
+  # returns the deleted value, or +nil+ if no such field exists:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.delete('Accept') # => ["*/*"]
+  #   req.delete('Nosuch') # => nil
+  #
+  def delete(key)
+    @header.delete(key.downcase.to_s)
+  end
+
+  # Returns +true+ if the field for the case-insensitive +key+ exists, +false+ otherwise:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.key?('Accept') # => true
+  #   req.key?('Nosuch') # => false
+  #
+  def key?(key)
+    @header.key?(key.downcase.to_s)
+  end
+
+  # Returns a hash of the key/value pairs:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.to_hash
+  #   # =>
+  #   {"accept-encoding"=>["gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"],
+  #    "accept"=>["*/*"],
+  #    "user-agent"=>["Ruby"],
+  #    "host"=>["jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"]}
+  #
+  def to_hash
+    @header.dup
+  end
+
+  # Like #each_header, but the keys are returned in capitalized form.
+  #
+  # Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#canonical_each is an alias for Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#each_capitalized.
+  def each_capitalized
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each do |k,v|
+      yield capitalize(k), v.join(', ')
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias canonical_each each_capitalized
+
+  def capitalize(name)
+    name.to_s.split(/-/).map {|s| s.capitalize }.join('-')
+  end
+  private :capitalize
+
+  # Returns an array of Range objects that represent
+  # the value of field <tt>'Range'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such field;
+  # see {Range request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#range-request-header]:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req['Range'] = 'bytes=0-99,200-299,400-499'
+  #   req.range # => [0..99, 200..299, 400..499]
+  #   req.delete('Range')
+  #   req.range # # => nil
+  #
+  def range
+    return nil unless @header['range']
+
+    value = self['Range']
+    # byte-range-set = *( "," OWS ) ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec )
+    #   *( OWS "," [ OWS ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec ) ] )
+    # corrected collected ABNF
+    # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#section-5.4.1
+    # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#appendix-C
+    # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-19#section-3.2.5
+    unless /\Abytes=((?:,[ \t]*)*(?:\d+-\d*|-\d+)(?:[ \t]*,(?:[ \t]*\d+-\d*|-\d+)?)*)\z/ =~ value
+      raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid syntax for byte-ranges-specifier: '#{value}'"
+    end
+
+    byte_range_set = $1
+    result = byte_range_set.split(/,/).map {|spec|
+      m = /(\d+)?\s*-\s*(\d+)?/i.match(spec) or
+              raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid byte-range-spec: '#{spec}'"
+      d1 = m[1].to_i
+      d2 = m[2].to_i
+      if m[1] and m[2]
+        if d1 > d2
+          raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "last-byte-pos MUST greater than or equal to first-byte-pos but '#{spec}'"
+        end
+        d1..d2
+      elsif m[1]
+        d1..-1
+      elsif m[2]
+        -d2..-1
+      else
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range is not specified'
+      end
+    }
+    # if result.empty?
+    # byte-range-set must include at least one byte-range-spec or suffix-byte-range-spec
+    # but above regexp already denies it.
+    if result.size == 1 && result[0].begin == 0 && result[0].end == -1
+      raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'only one suffix-byte-range-spec with zero suffix-length'
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # call-seq:
+  #   set_range(length) -> length
+  #   set_range(offset, length) -> range
+  #   set_range(begin..length) -> range
+  #
+  # Sets the value for field <tt>'Range'</tt>;
+  # see {Range request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#range-request-header]:
+  #
+  # With argument +length+:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.set_range(100)      # => 100
+  #   req['Range']            # => "bytes=0-99"
+  #
+  # With arguments +offset+ and +length+:
+  #
+  #   req.set_range(100, 100) # => 100...200
+  #   req['Range']            # => "bytes=100-199"
+  #
+  # With argument +range+:
+  #
+  #   req.set_range(100..199) # => 100..199
+  #   req['Range']            # => "bytes=100-199"
+  #
+  # Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#range= is an alias for Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#set_range.
+  def set_range(r, e = nil)
+    unless r
+      @header.delete 'range'
+      return r
+    end
+    r = (r...r+e) if e
+    case r
+    when Numeric
+      n = r.to_i
+      rangestr = (n > 0 ? "0-#{n-1}" : "-#{-n}")
+    when Range
+      first = r.first
+      last = r.end
+      last -= 1 if r.exclude_end?
+      if last == -1
+        rangestr = (first > 0 ? "#{first}-" : "-#{-first}")
+      else
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.first is negative' if first < 0
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.last is negative' if last < 0
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'must be .first < .last' if first > last
+        rangestr = "#{first}-#{last}"
+      end
+    else
+      raise TypeError, 'Range/Integer is required'
+    end
+    @header['range'] = ["bytes=#{rangestr}"]
+    r
+  end
+
+  alias range= set_range
+
+  # Returns the value of field <tt>'Content-Length'</tt> as an integer,
+  # or +nil+ if there is no such field;
+  # see {Content-Length request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-length-request-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch/1')
+  #   res.content_length # => 2
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res.content_length # => nil
+  #
+  def content_length
+    return nil unless key?('Content-Length')
+    len = self['Content-Length'].slice(/\d+/) or
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Length format'
+    len.to_i
+  end
+
+  # Sets the value of field <tt>'Content-Length'</tt> to the given numeric;
+  # see {Content-Length response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-length-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   hostname = _uri.hostname           # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
+  #   _uri.path = '/posts'               # => "/posts"
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(_uri)    # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+  #   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+  #   req.content_length = req.body.size # => 42
+  #   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     http.request(req)
+  #   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
+  #
+  def content_length=(len)
+    unless len
+      @header.delete 'content-length'
+      return nil
+    end
+    @header['content-length'] = [len.to_i.to_s]
+  end
+
+  # Returns +true+ if field <tt>'Transfer-Encoding'</tt>
+  # exists and has value <tt>'chunked'</tt>,
+  # +false+ otherwise;
+  # see {Transfer-Encoding response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#transfer-encoding-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Transfer-Encoding'] # => "chunked"
+  #   res.chunked?             # => true
+  #
+  def chunked?
+    return false unless @header['transfer-encoding']
+    field = self['Transfer-Encoding']
+    (/(?:\A|[^\-\w])chunked(?![\-\w])/i =~ field) ? true : false
+  end
+
+  # Returns a Range object representing the value of field
+  # <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>, or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Range response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-range-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Content-Range'] # => nil
+  #   res['Content-Range'] = 'bytes 0-499/1000'
+  #   res['Content-Range'] # => "bytes 0-499/1000"
+  #   res.content_range    # => 0..499
+  #
+  def content_range
+    return nil unless @header['content-range']
+    m = %r<\A\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)-(\d+)/(\d+|\*)>.match(self['Content-Range']) or
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Range format'
+    return unless m[1] == 'bytes'
+    m[2].to_i .. m[3].to_i
+  end
+
+  # Returns the integer representing length of the value of field
+  # <tt>'Content-Range'</tt>, or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Range response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-range-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['Content-Range'] # => nil
+  #   res['Content-Range'] = 'bytes 0-499/1000'
+  #   res.range_length     # => 500
+  #
+  def range_length
+    r = content_range() or return nil
+    r.end - r.begin + 1
+  end
+
+  # Returns the {media type}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type]
+  # from the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.content_type    # => "application/json"
+  #
+  def content_type
+    main = main_type()
+    return nil unless main
+
+    sub = sub_type()
+    if sub
+      "#{main}/#{sub}"
+    else
+      main
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Returns the leading ('type') part of the
+  # {media type}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type]
+  # from the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.main_type       # => "application"
+  #
+  def main_type
+    return nil unless @header['content-type']
+    self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')[0].to_s.strip
+  end
+
+  # Returns the trailing ('subtype') part of the
+  # {media type}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type]
+  # from the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.sub_type        # => "json"
+  #
+  def sub_type
+    return nil unless @header['content-type']
+    _, sub = *self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')
+    return nil unless sub
+    sub.strip
+  end
+
+  # Returns the trailing ('parameters') part of the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>,
+  # or +nil+ if no such field exists;
+  # see {Content-Type response header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-response-header]:
+  #
+  #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
+  #   res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
+  #   res.type_params     # => {"charset"=>"utf-8"}
+  #
+  def type_params
+    result = {}
+    list = self['Content-Type'].to_s.split(';')
+    list.shift
+    list.each do |param|
+      k, v = *param.split('=', 2)
+      result[k.strip] = v.strip
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # Sets the value of field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>;
+  # returns the new value;
+  # see {Content-Type request header}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#content-type-request-header]:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+  #   req.set_content_type('application/json') # => ["application/json"]
+  #
+  # Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#content_type= is an alias for Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#set_content_type.
+  def set_content_type(type, params = {})
+    @header['content-type'] = [type + params.map{|k,v|"; #{k}=#{v}"}.join('')]
+  end
+
+  alias content_type= set_content_type
+
+  # Sets the request body to a URL-encoded string derived from argument +params+,
+  # and sets request header field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>
+  # to <tt>'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'</tt>.
+  #
+  # The resulting request is suitable for HTTP request +POST+ or +PUT+.
+  #
+  # Argument +params+ must be suitable for use as argument +enum+ to
+  # {Gem::URI.encode_www_form}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Gem::URI.html#method-c-encode_www_form].
+  #
+  # With only argument +params+ given,
+  # sets the body to a URL-encoded string with the default separator <tt>'&'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new('example.com')
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data(q: 'ruby', lang: 'en')
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&lang=en"
+  #   req['Content-Type'] # => "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data([['q', 'ruby'], ['lang', 'en']])
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&lang=en"
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data(q: ['ruby', 'perl'], lang: 'en')
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data([['q', 'ruby'], ['q', 'perl'], ['lang', 'en']])
+  #   req.body            # => "q=ruby&q=perl&lang=en"
+  #
+  # With string argument +sep+ also given,
+  # uses that string as the separator:
+  #
+  #   req.set_form_data({q: 'ruby', lang: 'en'}, '|')
+  #   req.body # => "q=ruby|lang=en"
+  #
+  # Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#form_data= is an alias for Gem::Net::HTTPHeader#set_form_data.
+  def set_form_data(params, sep = '&')
+    query = Gem::URI.encode_www_form(params)
+    query.gsub!(/&/, sep) if sep != '&'
+    self.body = query
+    self.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+  end
+
+  alias form_data= set_form_data
+
+  # Stores form data to be used in a +POST+ or +PUT+ request.
+  #
+  # The form data given in +params+ consists of zero or more fields;
+  # each field is:
+  #
+  # - A scalar value.
+  # - A name/value pair.
+  # - An IO stream opened for reading.
+  #
+  # Argument +params+ should be an
+  # {Enumerable}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Enumerable.html#module-Enumerable-label-Enumerable+in+Ruby+Classes]
+  # (method <tt>params.map</tt> will be called),
+  # and is often an array or hash.
+  #
+  # First, we set up a request:
+  #
+  #   _uri = uri.dup
+  #   _uri.path ='/posts'
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(_uri)
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +params+ As an Array</b>
+  #
+  # When +params+ is an array,
+  # each of its elements is a subarray that defines a field;
+  # the subarray may contain:
+  #
+  # - One string:
+  #
+  #     req.set_form([['foo'], ['bar'], ['baz']])
+  #
+  # - Two strings:
+  #
+  #     req.set_form([%w[foo 0], %w[bar 1], %w[baz 2]])
+  #
+  # - When argument +enctype+ (see below) is given as
+  #   <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>:
+  #
+  #   - A string name and an IO stream opened for reading:
+  #
+  #       require 'stringio'
+  #       req.set_form([['file', StringIO.new('Ruby is cool.')]])
+  #
+  #   - A string name, an IO stream opened for reading,
+  #     and an options hash, which may contain these entries:
+  #
+  #     - +:filename+: The name of the file to use.
+  #     - +:content_type+: The content type of the uploaded file.
+  #
+  #     Example:
+  #
+  #       req.set_form([['file', file, {filename: "other-filename.foo"}]]
+  #
+  # The various forms may be mixed:
+  #
+  #   req.set_form(['foo', %w[bar 1], ['file', file]])
+  #
+  # <b>Argument +params+ As a Hash</b>
+  #
+  # When +params+ is a hash,
+  # each of its entries is a name/value pair that defines a field:
+  #
+  # - The name is a string.
+  # - The value may be:
+  #
+  #   - +nil+.
+  #   - Another string.
+  #   - An IO stream opened for reading
+  #     (only when argument +enctype+ -- see below -- is given as
+  #     <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>).
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   # Nil-valued fields.
+  #   req.set_form({'foo' => nil, 'bar' => nil, 'baz' => nil})
+  #
+  #   # String-valued fields.
+  #   req.set_form({'foo' => 0, 'bar' => 1, 'baz' => 2})
+  #
+  #   # IO-valued field.
+  #   require 'stringio'
+  #   req.set_form({'file' => StringIO.new('Ruby is cool.')})
+  #
+  #   # Mixture of fields.
+  #   req.set_form({'foo' => nil, 'bar' => 1, 'file' => file})
+  #
+  # Optional argument +enctype+ specifies the value to be given
+  # to field <tt>'Content-Type'</tt>, and must be one of:
+  #
+  # - <tt>'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'</tt> (the default).
+  # - <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>;
+  #   see {RFC 7578}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578].
+  #
+  # Optional argument +formopt+ is a hash of options
+  # (applicable only when argument +enctype+
+  # is <tt>'multipart/form-data'</tt>)
+  # that may include the following entries:
+  #
+  # - +:boundary+: The value is the boundary string for the multipart message.
+  #   If not given, the boundary is a random string.
+  #   See {Boundary}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578#section-4.1].
+  # - +:charset+: Value is the character set for the form submission.
+  #   Field names and values of non-file fields should be encoded with this charset.
+  #
+  def set_form(params, enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded', formopt={})
+    @body_data = params
+    @body = nil
+    @body_stream = nil
+    @form_option = formopt
+    case enctype
+    when /\Aapplication\/x-www-form-urlencoded\z/i,
+      /\Amultipart\/form-data\z/i
+      self.content_type = enctype
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError, "invalid enctype: #{enctype}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Sets header <tt>'Authorization'</tt> using the given
+  # +account+ and +password+ strings:
+  #
+  #   req.basic_auth('my_account', 'my_password')
+  #   req['Authorization']
+  #   # => "Basic bXlfYWNjb3VudDpteV9wYXNzd29yZA=="
+  #
+  def basic_auth(account, password)
+    @header['authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
+  end
+
+  # Sets header <tt>'Proxy-Authorization'</tt> using the given
+  # +account+ and +password+ strings:
+  #
+  #   req.proxy_basic_auth('my_account', 'my_password')
+  #   req['Proxy-Authorization']
+  #   # => "Basic bXlfYWNjb3VudDpteV9wYXNzd29yZA=="
+  #
+  def proxy_basic_auth(account, password)
+    @header['proxy-authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
+  end
+
+  def basic_encode(account, password)
+    'Basic ' + ["#{account}:#{password}"].pack('m0')
+  end
+  private :basic_encode
+
+# Returns whether the HTTP session is to be closed.
+  def connection_close?
+    token = /(?:\A|,)\s*close\s*(?:\z|,)/i
+    @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    @header['proxy-connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    false
+  end
+
+# Returns whether the HTTP session is to be kept alive.
+  def connection_keep_alive?
+    token = /(?:\A|,)\s*keep-alive\s*(?:\z|,)/i
+    @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    @header['proxy-connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    false
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..137295a883
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/proxy_delta.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+module Gem::Net::HTTP::ProxyDelta   #:nodoc: internal use only
+  private
+
+  def conn_address
+    proxy_address()
+  end
+
+  def conn_port
+    proxy_port()
+  end
+
+  def edit_path(path)
+    use_ssl? ? path : "http://#{addr_port()}#{path}"
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/request.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/request.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..495ec9be54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/request.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This class is the base class for \Gem::Net::HTTP request classes.
+# The class should not be used directly;
+# instead you should use its subclasses, listed below.
+#
+# == Creating a Request
+#
+# An request object may be created with either a Gem::URI or a string hostname:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/')
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)          # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.hostname) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+#
+# And with any of the subclasses:
+#
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Head.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Head HEAD>
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Put.new(uri)  # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Put PUT>
+#   # ...
+#
+# The new instance is suitable for use as the argument to Gem::Net::HTTP#request.
+#
+# == Request Headers
+#
+# A new request object has these header fields by default:
+#
+#   req.to_hash
+#   # =>
+#   {"accept-encoding"=>["gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"],
+#   "accept"=>["*/*"],
+#   "user-agent"=>["Ruby"],
+#   "host"=>["jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"]}
+#
+# See:
+#
+# - {Request header Accept-Encoding}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Accept-Encoding]
+#   and {Compression and Decompression}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTP@Compression+and+Decompression].
+# - {Request header Accept}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#accept-request-header].
+# - {Request header User-Agent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#user-agent-request-header].
+# - {Request header Host}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#host-request-header].
+#
+# You can add headers or override default headers:
+#
+#   #   res = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri, {'foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1'})
+#
+# This class (and therefore its subclasses) also includes (indirectly)
+# module Gem::Net::HTTPHeader, which gives access to its
+# {methods for setting headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPHeader@Setters].
+#
+# == Request Subclasses
+#
+# Subclasses for HTTP requests:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Get
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Head
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Post
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Put
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Delete
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Options
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Trace
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Patch
+#
+# Subclasses for WebDAV requests:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Propfind
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Proppatch
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Mkcol
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Copy
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Move
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Lock
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP::Unlock
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTPRequest < Gem::Net::HTTPGenericRequest
+  # Creates an HTTP request object for +path+.
+  #
+  # +initheader+ are the default headers to use.  Gem::Net::HTTP adds
+  # Accept-Encoding to enable compression of the response body unless
+  # Accept-Encoding or Range are supplied in +initheader+.
+
+  def initialize(path, initheader = nil)
+    super self.class::METHOD,
+          self.class::REQUEST_HAS_BODY,
+          self.class::RESPONSE_HAS_BODY,
+          path, initheader
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/requests.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/requests.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a57ddc7c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/requests.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# HTTP/1.1 methods --- RFC2616
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method GET}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#GET_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Get GET>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: yes.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP.get: sends +GET+ request, returns response body.
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#get: sends +GET+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Get < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'GET'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY  = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method HEAD}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#HEAD_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Head.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Head HEAD>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: no.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: yes.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#head: sends +HEAD+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Head < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'HEAD'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = false
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method POST}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#POST_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts'
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Post POST>
+#   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+#   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: yes.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: no.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: yes.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP.post: sends +POST+ request, returns response object.
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#post: sends +POST+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Post < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'POST'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method PUT}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#PUT_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts'
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Put.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Put PUT>
+#   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+#   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: yes.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Put < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'PUT'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method DELETE}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#DELETE_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts/1'
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Delete.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Delete DELETE>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#delete: sends +DELETE+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Delete < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'DELETE'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method OPTIONS}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#OPTIONS_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Options.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Options OPTIONS>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: optional.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#options: sends +OPTIONS+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Options < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'OPTIONS'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method TRACE}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#TRACE_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Trace.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Trace TRACE>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: no.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: yes.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: yes.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#trace: sends +TRACE+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Trace < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'TRACE'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {HTTP method PATCH}[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#PATCH_method]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   uri.path = '/posts'
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Patch.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Patch PATCH>
+#   req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
+#   req.content_type = 'application/json'
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Properties:
+#
+# - Request body: yes.
+# - Response body: yes.
+# - {Safe}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Safe_methods]: no.
+# - {Idempotent}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Idempotent_methods]: no.
+# - {Cacheable}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol#Cacheable_methods]: no.
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#patch: sends +PATCH+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Patch < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'PATCH'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+#
+# WebDAV methods --- RFC2518
+#
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method PROPFIND}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_PROPFIND]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Propfind.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Propfind PROPFIND>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#propfind: sends +PROPFIND+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Propfind < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'PROPFIND'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method PROPPATCH}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_PROPPATCH]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Proppatch.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Proppatch PROPPATCH>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#proppatch: sends +PROPPATCH+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Proppatch < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'PROPPATCH'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method MKCOL}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_MKCOL]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Mkcol.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Mkcol MKCOL>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#mkcol: sends +MKCOL+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Mkcol < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'MKCOL'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method COPY}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_COPY]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Copy.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Copy COPY>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#copy: sends +COPY+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Copy < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'COPY'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method MOVE}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_MOVE]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Move.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Move MOVE>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#move: sends +MOVE+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Move < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'MOVE'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = false
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method LOCK}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_LOCK]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Lock.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Lock LOCK>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#lock: sends +LOCK+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Lock < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'LOCK'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
+# \Class for representing
+# {WebDAV method UNLOCK}[http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc4918.html#METHOD_UNLOCK]:
+#
+#   require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http'
+#   uri = Gem::URI('http://example.com')
+#   hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Unlock.new(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTP::Unlock UNLOCK>
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end
+#
+# See {Request Headers}[rdoc-ref:Gem::Net::HTTPRequest@Request+Headers].
+#
+# Related:
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTP#unlock: sends +UNLOCK+ request, returns response object.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTP::Unlock < Gem::Net::HTTPRequest
+  METHOD = 'UNLOCK'
+  REQUEST_HAS_BODY = true
+  RESPONSE_HAS_BODY = true
+end
+
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/response.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/response.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cbbd191d87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/response.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,738 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This class is the base class for \Gem::Net::HTTP response classes.
+#
+# == About the Examples
+#
+# :include: doc/net-http/examples.rdoc
+#
+# == Returned Responses
+#
+# \Method Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response returns
+# an instance of one of the subclasses of \Gem::Net::HTTPResponse:
+#
+#   Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
+#   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+#   Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch')
+#   # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPNotFound 404 Not Found readbody=true>
+#
+# As does method Gem::Net::HTTP#request:
+#
+#   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
+#   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+#     http.request(req)
+#   end # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+#
+# \Class \Gem::Net::HTTPResponse includes module Gem::Net::HTTPHeader,
+# which provides access to response header values via (among others):
+#
+# - \Hash-like method <tt>[]</tt>.
+# - Specific reader methods, such as +content_type+.
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   res = Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(uri) # => #<Gem::Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
+#   res['Content-Type']               # => "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
+#   res.content_type                  # => "text/html"
+#
+# == Response Subclasses
+#
+# \Class \Gem::Net::HTTPResponse has a subclass for each
+# {HTTP status code}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes].
+# You can look up the response class for a given code:
+#
+#   Gem::Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['200'] # => Gem::Net::HTTPOK
+#   Gem::Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['400'] # => Gem::Net::HTTPBadRequest
+#   Gem::Net::HTTPResponse::CODE_TO_OBJ['404'] # => Gem::Net::HTTPNotFound
+#
+# And you can retrieve the status code for a response object:
+#
+#   Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(uri).code                 # => "200"
+#   Gem::Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch').code # => "404"
+#
+# The response subclasses (indentation shows class hierarchy):
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPUnknownResponse (for unhandled \HTTP extensions).
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPInformation:
+#
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPContinue (100)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPSwitchProtocol (101)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPProcessing (102)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPEarlyHints (103)
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess:
+#
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPOK (200)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPCreated (201)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPAccepted (202)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation (203)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNoContent (204)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPResetContent (205)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPPartialContent (206)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPMultiStatus (207)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPAlreadyReported (208)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPIMUsed (226)
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPRedirection:
+#
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPMultipleChoices (300)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPMovedPermanently (301)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPFound (302)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPSeeOther (303)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified (304)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPUseProxy (305)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect (307)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPPermanentRedirect (308)
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPClientError:
+#
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPBadRequest (400)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPUnauthorized (401)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPPaymentRequired (402)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPForbidden (403)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNotFound (404)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPMethodNotAllowed (405)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNotAcceptable (406)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired (407)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPRequestTimeOut (408)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPConflict (409)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPGone (410)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPLengthRequired (411)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPPreconditionFailed (412)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge (413)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPRequestURITooLong (414)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPUnsupportedMediaType (415)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable (416)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPExpectationFailed (417)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPMisdirectedRequest (421)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPUnprocessableEntity (422)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPLocked (423)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPFailedDependency (424)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPUpgradeRequired (426)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPPreconditionRequired (428)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPTooManyRequests (429)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge (431)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons (451)
+#
+# - Gem::Net::HTTPServerError:
+#
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPInternalServerError (500)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNotImplemented (501)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPBadGateway (502)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPServiceUnavailable (503)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPGatewayTimeOut (504)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPVersionNotSupported (505)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates (506)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPInsufficientStorage (507)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPLoopDetected (508)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNotExtended (510)
+#   - Gem::Net::HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired (511)
+#
+# There is also the Gem::Net::HTTPBadResponse exception which is raised when
+# there is a protocol error.
+#
+class Gem::Net::HTTPResponse
+  class << self
+    # true if the response has a body.
+    def body_permitted?
+      self::HAS_BODY
+    end
+
+    def exception_type   # :nodoc: internal use only
+      self::EXCEPTION_TYPE
+    end
+
+    def read_new(sock)   #:nodoc: internal use only
+      httpv, code, msg = read_status_line(sock)
+      res = response_class(code).new(httpv, code, msg)
+      each_response_header(sock) do |k,v|
+        res.add_field k, v
+      end
+      res
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def read_status_line(sock)
+      str = sock.readline
+      m = /\AHTTP(?:\/(\d+\.\d+))?\s+(\d\d\d)(?:\s+(.*))?\z/in.match(str) or
+        raise Gem::Net::HTTPBadResponse, "wrong status line: #{str.dump}"
+      m.captures
+    end
+
+    def response_class(code)
+      CODE_TO_OBJ[code] or
+      CODE_CLASS_TO_OBJ[code[0,1]] or
+      Gem::Net::HTTPUnknownResponse
+    end
+
+    def each_response_header(sock)
+      key = value = nil
+      while true
+        line = sock.readuntil("\n", true).sub(/\s+\z/, '')
+        break if line.empty?
+        if line[0] == ?\s or line[0] == ?\t and value
+          value << ' ' unless value.empty?
+          value << line.strip
+        else
+          yield key, value if key
+          key, value = line.strip.split(/\s*:\s*/, 2)
+          raise Gem::Net::HTTPBadResponse, 'wrong header line format' if value.nil?
+        end
+      end
+      yield key, value if key
+    end
+  end
+
+  # next is to fix bug in RDoc, where the private inside class << self
+  # spills out.
+  public
+
+  include Gem::Net::HTTPHeader
+
+  def initialize(httpv, code, msg)   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    @http_version = httpv
+    @code         = code
+    @message      = msg
+    initialize_http_header nil
+    @body = nil
+    @read = false
+    @uri  = nil
+    @decode_content = false
+    @body_encoding = false
+    @ignore_eof = true
+  end
+
+  # The HTTP version supported by the server.
+  attr_reader :http_version
+
+  # The HTTP result code string. For example, '302'.  You can also
+  # determine the response type by examining which response subclass
+  # the response object is an instance of.
+  attr_reader :code
+
+  # The HTTP result message sent by the server. For example, 'Not Found'.
+  attr_reader :message
+  alias msg message   # :nodoc: obsolete
+
+  # The Gem::URI used to fetch this response.  The response Gem::URI is only available
+  # if a Gem::URI was used to create the request.
+  attr_reader :uri
+
+  # Set to true automatically when the request did not contain an
+  # Accept-Encoding header from the user.
+  attr_accessor :decode_content
+
+  # Returns the value set by body_encoding=, or +false+ if none;
+  # see #body_encoding=.
+  attr_reader :body_encoding
+
+  # Sets the encoding that should be used when reading the body:
+  #
+  # - If the given value is an Encoding object, that encoding will be used.
+  # - Otherwise if the value is a string, the value of
+  #   {Encoding#find(value)}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Encoding.html#method-c-find]
+  #   will be used.
+  # - Otherwise an encoding will be deduced from the body itself.
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   http = Gem::Net::HTTP.new(hostname)
+  #   req = Gem::Net::HTTP::Get.new('/')
+  #
+  #   http.request(req) do |res|
+  #     p res.body.encoding # => #<Encoding:ASCII-8BIT>
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   http.request(req) do |res|
+  #     res.body_encoding = "UTF-8"
+  #     p res.body.encoding # => #<Encoding:UTF-8>
+  #   end
+  #
+  def body_encoding=(value)
+    value = Encoding.find(value) if value.is_a?(String)
+    @body_encoding = value
+  end
+
+  # Whether to ignore EOF when reading bodies with a specified Content-Length
+  # header.
+  attr_accessor :ignore_eof
+
+  def inspect
+    "#<#{self.class} #{@code} #{@message} readbody=#{@read}>"
+  end
+
+  #
+  # response <-> exception relationship
+  #
+
+  def code_type   #:nodoc:
+    self.class
+  end
+
+  def error!   #:nodoc:
+    message = @code
+    message = "#{message} #{@message.dump}" if @message
+    raise error_type().new(message, self)
+  end
+
+  def error_type   #:nodoc:
+    self.class::EXCEPTION_TYPE
+  end
+
+  # Raises an HTTP error if the response is not 2xx (success).
+  def value
+    error! unless self.kind_of?(Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess)
+  end
+
+  def uri= uri # :nodoc:
+    @uri = uri.dup if uri
+  end
+
+  #
+  # header (for backward compatibility only; DO NOT USE)
+  #
+
+  def response   #:nodoc:
+    warn "Gem::Net::HTTPResponse#response is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    self
+  end
+
+  def header   #:nodoc:
+    warn "Gem::Net::HTTPResponse#header is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    self
+  end
+
+  def read_header   #:nodoc:
+    warn "Gem::Net::HTTPResponse#read_header is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    self
+  end
+
+  #
+  # body
+  #
+
+  def reading_body(sock, reqmethodallowbody)  #:nodoc: internal use only
+    @socket = sock
+    @body_exist = reqmethodallowbody && self.class.body_permitted?
+    begin
+      yield
+      self.body   # ensure to read body
+    ensure
+      @socket = nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Gets the entity body returned by the remote HTTP server.
+  #
+  # If a block is given, the body is passed to the block, and
+  # the body is provided in fragments, as it is read in from the socket.
+  #
+  # If +dest+ argument is given, response is read into that variable,
+  # with <code>dest#<<</code> method (it could be String or IO, or any
+  # other object responding to <code><<</code>).
+  #
+  # Calling this method a second or subsequent time for the same
+  # HTTPResponse object will return the value already read.
+  #
+  #   http.request_get('/index.html') {|res|
+  #     puts res.read_body
+  #   }
+  #
+  #   http.request_get('/index.html') {|res|
+  #     p res.read_body.object_id   # 538149362
+  #     p res.read_body.object_id   # 538149362
+  #   }
+  #
+  #   # using iterator
+  #   http.request_get('/index.html') {|res|
+  #     res.read_body do |segment|
+  #       print segment
+  #     end
+  #   }
+  #
+  def read_body(dest = nil, &block)
+    if @read
+      raise IOError, "#{self.class}\#read_body called twice" if dest or block
+      return @body
+    end
+    to = procdest(dest, block)
+    stream_check
+    if @body_exist
+      read_body_0 to
+      @body = to
+    else
+      @body = nil
+    end
+    @read = true
+    return if @body.nil?
+
+    case enc = @body_encoding
+    when Encoding, false, nil
+      # Encoding: force given encoding
+      # false/nil: do not force encoding
+    else
+      # other value: detect encoding from body
+      enc = detect_encoding(@body)
+    end
+
+    @body.force_encoding(enc) if enc
+
+    @body
+  end
+
+  # Returns the string response body;
+  # note that repeated calls for the unmodified body return a cached string:
+  #
+  #   path = '/todos/1'
+  #   Gem::Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
+  #     res = http.get(path)
+  #     p res.body
+  #     p http.head(path).body # No body.
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Output:
+  #
+  #   "{\n  \"userId\": 1,\n  \"id\": 1,\n  \"title\": \"delectus aut autem\",\n  \"completed\": false\n}"
+  #   nil
+  #
+  def body
+    read_body()
+  end
+
+  # Sets the body of the response to the given value.
+  def body=(value)
+    @body = value
+  end
+
+  alias entity body   #:nodoc: obsolete
+
+  private
+
+  # :nodoc:
+  def detect_encoding(str, encoding=nil)
+    if encoding
+    elsif encoding = type_params['charset']
+    elsif encoding = check_bom(str)
+    else
+      encoding = case content_type&.downcase
+      when %r{text/x(?:ht)?ml|application/(?:[^+]+\+)?xml}
+        /\A<xml[ \t\r\n]+
+          version[ \t\r\n]*=[ \t\r\n]*(?:"[0-9.]+"|'[0-9.]*')[ \t\r\n]+
+          encoding[ \t\r\n]*=[ \t\r\n]*
+          (?:"([A-Za-z][\-A-Za-z0-9._]*)"|'([A-Za-z][\-A-Za-z0-9._]*)')/x =~ str
+        encoding = $1 || $2 || Encoding::UTF_8
+      when %r{text/html.*}
+        sniff_encoding(str)
+      end
+    end
+    return encoding
+  end
+
+  # :nodoc:
+  def sniff_encoding(str, encoding=nil)
+    # the encoding sniffing algorithm
+    # http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/parsing.html#determining-the-character-encoding
+    if enc = scanning_meta(str)
+      enc
+    # 6. last visited page or something
+    # 7. frequency
+    elsif str.ascii_only?
+      Encoding::US_ASCII
+    elsif str.dup.force_encoding(Encoding::UTF_8).valid_encoding?
+      Encoding::UTF_8
+    end
+    # 8. implementation-defined or user-specified
+  end
+
+  # :nodoc:
+  def check_bom(str)
+    case str.byteslice(0, 2)
+    when "\xFE\xFF"
+      return Encoding::UTF_16BE
+    when "\xFF\xFE"
+      return Encoding::UTF_16LE
+    end
+    if "\xEF\xBB\xBF" == str.byteslice(0, 3)
+      return Encoding::UTF_8
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  # :nodoc:
+  def scanning_meta(str)
+    require 'strscan'
+    ss = StringScanner.new(str)
+    if ss.scan_until(/<meta[\t\n\f\r ]*/)
+      attrs = {} # attribute_list
+      got_pragma = false
+      need_pragma = nil
+      charset = nil
+
+      # step: Attributes
+      while attr = get_attribute(ss)
+        name, value = *attr
+        next if attrs[name]
+        attrs[name] = true
+        case name
+        when 'http-equiv'
+          got_pragma = true if value == 'content-type'
+        when 'content'
+          encoding = extracting_encodings_from_meta_elements(value)
+          unless charset
+            charset = encoding
+          end
+          need_pragma = true
+        when 'charset'
+          need_pragma = false
+          charset = value
+        end
+      end
+
+      # step: Processing
+      return if need_pragma.nil?
+      return if need_pragma && !got_pragma
+
+      charset = Encoding.find(charset) rescue nil
+      return unless charset
+      charset = Encoding::UTF_8 if charset == Encoding::UTF_16
+      return charset # tentative
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  def get_attribute(ss)
+    ss.scan(/[\t\n\f\r \/]*/)
+    if ss.peek(1) == '>'
+      ss.getch
+      return nil
+    end
+    name = ss.scan(/[^=\t\n\f\r \/>]*/)
+    name.downcase!
+    raise if name.empty?
+    ss.skip(/[\t\n\f\r ]*/)
+    if ss.getch != '='
+      value = ''
+      return [name, value]
+    end
+    ss.skip(/[\t\n\f\r ]*/)
+    case ss.peek(1)
+    when '"'
+      ss.getch
+      value = ss.scan(/[^"]+/)
+      value.downcase!
+      ss.getch
+    when "'"
+      ss.getch
+      value = ss.scan(/[^']+/)
+      value.downcase!
+      ss.getch
+    when '>'
+      value = ''
+    else
+      value = ss.scan(/[^\t\n\f\r >]+/)
+      value.downcase!
+    end
+    [name, value]
+  end
+
+  def extracting_encodings_from_meta_elements(value)
+    # http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/fetching-resources.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-meta-element
+    if /charset[\t\n\f\r ]*=(?:"([^"]*)"|'([^']*)'|["']|\z|([^\t\n\f\r ;]+))/i =~ value
+      return $1 || $2 || $3
+    end
+    return nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Checks for a supported Content-Encoding header and yields an Inflate
+  # wrapper for this response's socket when zlib is present.  If the
+  # Content-Encoding is not supported or zlib is missing, the plain socket is
+  # yielded.
+  #
+  # If a Content-Range header is present, a plain socket is yielded as the
+  # bytes in the range may not be a complete deflate block.
+
+  def inflater # :nodoc:
+    return yield @socket unless Gem::Net::HTTP::HAVE_ZLIB
+    return yield @socket unless @decode_content
+    return yield @socket if self['content-range']
+
+    v = self['content-encoding']
+    case v&.downcase
+    when 'deflate', 'gzip', 'x-gzip' then
+      self.delete 'content-encoding'
+
+      inflate_body_io = Inflater.new(@socket)
+
+      begin
+        yield inflate_body_io
+        success = true
+      ensure
+        begin
+          inflate_body_io.finish
+          if self['content-length']
+            self['content-length'] = inflate_body_io.bytes_inflated.to_s
+          end
+        rescue => err
+          # Ignore #finish's error if there is an exception from yield
+          raise err if success
+        end
+      end
+    when 'none', 'identity' then
+      self.delete 'content-encoding'
+
+      yield @socket
+    else
+      yield @socket
+    end
+  end
+
+  def read_body_0(dest)
+    inflater do |inflate_body_io|
+      if chunked?
+        read_chunked dest, inflate_body_io
+        return
+      end
+
+      @socket = inflate_body_io
+
+      clen = content_length()
+      if clen
+        @socket.read clen, dest, @ignore_eof
+        return
+      end
+      clen = range_length()
+      if clen
+        @socket.read clen, dest
+        return
+      end
+      @socket.read_all dest
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # read_chunked reads from +@socket+ for chunk-size, chunk-extension, CRLF,
+  # etc. and +chunk_data_io+ for chunk-data which may be deflate or gzip
+  # encoded.
+  #
+  # See RFC 2616 section 3.6.1 for definitions
+
+  def read_chunked(dest, chunk_data_io) # :nodoc:
+    total = 0
+    while true
+      line = @socket.readline
+      hexlen = line.slice(/[0-9a-fA-F]+/) or
+          raise Gem::Net::HTTPBadResponse, "wrong chunk size line: #{line}"
+      len = hexlen.hex
+      break if len == 0
+      begin
+        chunk_data_io.read len, dest
+      ensure
+        total += len
+        @socket.read 2   # \r\n
+      end
+    end
+    until @socket.readline.empty?
+      # none
+    end
+  end
+
+  def stream_check
+    raise IOError, 'attempt to read body out of block' if @socket.nil? || @socket.closed?
+  end
+
+  def procdest(dest, block)
+    raise ArgumentError, 'both arg and block given for HTTP method' if
+      dest and block
+    if block
+      Gem::Net::ReadAdapter.new(block)
+    else
+      dest || +''
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Inflater is a wrapper around Gem::Net::BufferedIO that transparently inflates
+  # zlib and gzip streams.
+
+  class Inflater # :nodoc:
+
+    ##
+    # Creates a new Inflater wrapping +socket+
+
+    def initialize socket
+      @socket = socket
+      # zlib with automatic gzip detection
+      @inflate = Zlib::Inflate.new(32 + Zlib::MAX_WBITS)
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Finishes the inflate stream.
+
+    def finish
+      return if @inflate.total_in == 0
+      @inflate.finish
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # The number of bytes inflated, used to update the Content-Length of
+    # the response.
+
+    def bytes_inflated
+      @inflate.total_out
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Returns a Gem::Net::ReadAdapter that inflates each read chunk into +dest+.
+    #
+    # This allows a large response body to be inflated without storing the
+    # entire body in memory.
+
+    def inflate_adapter(dest)
+      if dest.respond_to?(:set_encoding)
+        dest.set_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      elsif dest.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
+        dest.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
+      end
+      block = proc do |compressed_chunk|
+        @inflate.inflate(compressed_chunk) do |chunk|
+          compressed_chunk.clear
+          dest << chunk
+        end
+      end
+
+      Gem::Net::ReadAdapter.new(block)
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Reads +clen+ bytes from the socket, inflates them, then writes them to
+    # +dest+.  +ignore_eof+ is passed down to Gem::Net::BufferedIO#read
+    #
+    # Unlike Gem::Net::BufferedIO#read, this method returns more than +clen+ bytes.
+    # At this time there is no way for a user of Gem::Net::HTTPResponse to read a
+    # specific number of bytes from the HTTP response body, so this internal
+    # API does not return the same number of bytes as were requested.
+    #
+    # See https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/6492 for further discussion.
+
+    def read clen, dest, ignore_eof = false
+      temp_dest = inflate_adapter(dest)
+
+      @socket.read clen, temp_dest, ignore_eof
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Reads the rest of the socket, inflates it, then writes it to +dest+.
+
+    def read_all dest
+      temp_dest = inflate_adapter(dest)
+
+      @socket.read_all temp_dest
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end
+
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/responses.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/responses.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f26ae6c26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/responses.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,1174 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#--
+# https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml
+
+module Gem::Net
+
+  class HTTPUnknownResponse < HTTPResponse
+    HAS_BODY = true
+    EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPError                  #
+  end
+
+  # Parent class for informational (1xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # An informational response indicates that the request was received and understood.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.1xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#1xx_informational_response].
+  #
+  class HTTPInformation < HTTPResponse
+    HAS_BODY = false
+    EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPError                  #
+  end
+
+  # Parent class for success (2xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A success response indicates the action requested by the client
+  # was received, understood, and accepted.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.2xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#2xx_success].
+  #
+  class HTTPSuccess < HTTPResponse
+    HAS_BODY = true
+    EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPError                  #
+  end
+
+  # Parent class for redirection (3xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A redirection response indicates the client must take additional action
+  # to complete the request.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.3xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#3xx_redirection].
+  #
+  class HTTPRedirection < HTTPResponse
+    HAS_BODY = true
+    EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPRetriableError         #
+  end
+
+  # Parent class for client error (4xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A client error response indicates that the client may have caused an error.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.4xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#4xx_client_errors].
+  #
+  class HTTPClientError < HTTPResponse
+    HAS_BODY = true
+    EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPClientException        #
+  end
+
+  # Parent class for server error (5xx) HTTP response classes.
+  #
+  # A server error response indicates that the server failed to fulfill a request.
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#status.5xx].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#5xx_server_errors].
+  #
+  class HTTPServerError < HTTPResponse
+    HAS_BODY = true
+    EXCEPTION_TYPE = HTTPFatalError             #
+  end
+
+  # Response class for +Continue+ responses (status code 100).
+  #
+  # A +Continue+ response indicates that the server has received the request headers.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/100].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-100-continue].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#100].
+  #
+  class HTTPContinue < HTTPInformation
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Switching Protocol</tt> responses (status code 101).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Switching Protocol<tt> response indicates that the server has received
+  # a request to switch protocols, and has agreed to do so.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/101].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-101-switching-protocols].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#101].
+  #
+  class HTTPSwitchProtocol < HTTPInformation
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for +Processing+ responses (status code 102).
+  #
+  # The +Processing+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # and is processing the request, but no response is available yet.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 2518}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2518#section-10.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#102].
+  #
+  class HTTPProcessing < HTTPInformation
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Early Hints</tt> responses (status code 103).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Early Hints</tt> indicates that the server has received
+  # and is processing the request, and contains certain headers;
+  # the final response is not available yet.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/103].
+  # - {RFC 8297}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8297.html#section-2].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#103].
+  #
+  class HTTPEarlyHints < HTTPInformation
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for +OK+ responses (status code 200).
+  #
+  # The +OK+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # a request and has responded successfully.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/200].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-200-ok].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#200].
+  #
+  class HTTPOK < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for +Created+ responses (status code 201).
+  #
+  # The +Created+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # and has fulfilled a request to create a new resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/201].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-201-created].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#201].
+  #
+  class HTTPCreated < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for +Accepted+ responses (status code 202).
+  #
+  # The +Accepted+ response indicates that the server has received
+  # and is processing a request, but the processing has not yet been completed.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/202].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-202-accepted].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#202].
+  #
+  class HTTPAccepted < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Non-Authoritative Information</tt> responses (status code 203).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Non-Authoritative Information</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # is a transforming proxy (such as a Web accelerator)
+  # that received a 200 OK response from its origin,
+  # and is returning a modified version of the origin's response.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/203].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-203-non-authoritative-infor].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#203].
+  #
+  class HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>No Content</tt> responses (status code 204).
+  #
+  # The <tt>No Content</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # successfully processed the request, and is not returning any content.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/204].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-204-no-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#204].
+  #
+  class HTTPNoContent < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Reset Content</tt> responses (status code 205).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Reset Content</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # successfully processed the request,
+  # asks that the client reset its document view, and is not returning any content.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/205].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-205-reset-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#205].
+  #
+  class HTTPResetContent < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Partial Content</tt> responses (status code 206).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Partial Content</tt> response indicates that the server is delivering
+  # only part of the resource (byte serving)
+  # due to a Range header in the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/206].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-206-partial-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#206].
+  #
+  class HTTPPartialContent < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Multi-Status (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 207).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Multi-Status (WebDAV)</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # has received the request,
+  # and that the message body can contain a number of separate response codes.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 4818}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#207].
+  #
+  class HTTPMultiStatus < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Already Reported (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 208).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Already Reported (WebDAV)</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # has received the request,
+  # and that the members of a DAV binding have already been enumerated
+  # in a preceding part of the (multi-status) response,
+  # and are not being included again.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 5842}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5842.html#section-7.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#208].
+  #
+  class HTTPAlreadyReported < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>IM Used</tt> responses (status code 226).
+  #
+  # The <tt>IM Used</tt> response indicates that the server has fulfilled a request
+  # for the resource, and the response is a representation of the result
+  # of one or more instance-manipulations applied to the current instance.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 3229}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3229.html#section-10.4.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#226].
+  #
+  class HTTPIMUsed < HTTPSuccess
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Multiple Choices</tt> responses (status code 300).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Multiple Choices</tt> response indicates that the server
+  # offers multiple options for the resource from which the client may choose.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/300].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-300-multiple-choices].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#300].
+  #
+  class HTTPMultipleChoices < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPMultipleChoice = HTTPMultipleChoices
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Moved Permanently</tt> responses (status code 301).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Moved Permanently</tt> response indicates that links or records
+  # returning this response should be updated to use the given URL.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/301].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-301-moved-permanently].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#301].
+  #
+  class HTTPMovedPermanently < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Found</tt> responses (status code 302).
+  #
+  # The <tt>Found</tt> response indicates that the client
+  # should look at (browse to) another URL.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/302].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-302-found].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#302].
+  #
+  class HTTPFound < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPMovedTemporarily = HTTPFound
+
+  # Response class for <tt>See Other</tt> responses (status code 303).
+  #
+  # The response to the request can be found under another Gem::URI using the GET method.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/303].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-303-see-other].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#303].
+  #
+  class HTTPSeeOther < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Modified</tt> responses (status code 304).
+  #
+  # Indicates that the resource has not been modified since the version
+  # specified by the request headers.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/304].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-304-not-modified].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#304].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotModified < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Use Proxy</tt> responses (status code 305).
+  #
+  # The requested resource is available only through a proxy,
+  # whose address is provided in the response.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-305-use-proxy].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#305].
+  #
+  class HTTPUseProxy < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = false
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Temporary Redirect</tt> responses (status code 307).
+  #
+  # The request should be repeated with another Gem::URI;
+  # however, future requests should still use the original Gem::URI.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/307].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-307-temporary-redirect].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#307].
+  #
+  class HTTPTemporaryRedirect < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Permanent Redirect</tt> responses (status code 308).
+  #
+  # This and all future requests should be directed to the given Gem::URI.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/308].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-308-permanent-redirect].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#308].
+  #
+  class HTTPPermanentRedirect < HTTPRedirection
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Bad Request</tt> responses (status code 400).
+  #
+  # The server cannot or will not process the request due to an apparent client error.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/400].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-400-bad-request].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#400].
+  #
+  class HTTPBadRequest < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unauthorized</tt> responses (status code 401).
+  #
+  # Authentication is required, but either was not provided or failed.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/401].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-401-unauthorized].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#401].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnauthorized < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Payment Required</tt> responses (status code 402).
+  #
+  # Reserved for future use.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/402].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-402-payment-required].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#402].
+  #
+  class HTTPPaymentRequired < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Forbidden</tt> responses (status code 403).
+  #
+  # The request contained valid data and was understood by the server,
+  # but the server is refusing action.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/403].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-403-forbidden].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#403].
+  #
+  class HTTPForbidden < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Found</tt> responses (status code 404).
+  #
+  # The requested resource could not be found but may be available in the future.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/404].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-404-not-found].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#404].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotFound < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Method Not Allowed</tt> responses (status code 405).
+  #
+  # The request method is not supported for the requested resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/405].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-405-method-not-allowed].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#405].
+  #
+  class HTTPMethodNotAllowed < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Acceptable</tt> responses (status code 406).
+  #
+  # The requested resource is capable of generating only content
+  # that not acceptable according to the Accept headers sent in the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/406].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-406-not-acceptable].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#406].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotAcceptable < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Proxy Authentication Required</tt> responses (status code 407).
+  #
+  # The client must first authenticate itself with the proxy.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/407].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-407-proxy-authentication-re].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#407].
+  #
+  class HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Request Gem::Timeout</tt> responses (status code 408).
+  #
+  # The server timed out waiting for the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/408].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-408-request-timeout].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#408].
+  #
+  class HTTPRequestTimeout < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPRequestTimeOut = HTTPRequestTimeout
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Conflict</tt> responses (status code 409).
+  #
+  # The request could not be processed because of conflict in the current state of the resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/409].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-409-conflict].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#409].
+  #
+  class HTTPConflict < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Gone</tt> responses (status code 410).
+  #
+  # The resource requested was previously in use but is no longer available
+  # and will not be available again.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/410].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-410-gone].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#410].
+  #
+  class HTTPGone < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Length Required</tt> responses (status code 411).
+  #
+  # The request did not specify the length of its content,
+  # which is required by the requested resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/411].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-411-length-required].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#411].
+  #
+  class HTTPLengthRequired < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Precondition Failed</tt> responses (status code 412).
+  #
+  # The server does not meet one of the preconditions
+  # specified in the request headers.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/412].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-412-precondition-failed].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#412].
+  #
+  class HTTPPreconditionFailed < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Payload Too Large</tt> responses (status code 413).
+  #
+  # The request is larger than the server is willing or able to process.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/413].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-413-content-too-large].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#413].
+  #
+  class HTTPPayloadTooLarge < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPRequestEntityTooLarge = HTTPPayloadTooLarge
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Gem::URI Too Long</tt> responses (status code 414).
+  #
+  # The Gem::URI provided was too long for the server to process.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/414].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-414-uri-too-long].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#414].
+  #
+  class HTTPURITooLong < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPRequestURITooLong = HTTPURITooLong
+  HTTPRequestURITooLarge = HTTPRequestURITooLong
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unsupported Media Type</tt> responses (status code 415).
+  #
+  # The request entity has a media type which the server or resource does not support.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/415].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-415-unsupported-media-type].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#415].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnsupportedMediaType < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Range Not Satisfiable</tt> responses (status code 416).
+  #
+  # The request entity has a media type which the server or resource does not support.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/416].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-416-range-not-satisfiable].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#416].
+  #
+  class HTTPRangeNotSatisfiable < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable = HTTPRangeNotSatisfiable
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Expectation Failed</tt> responses (status code 417).
+  #
+  # The server cannot meet the requirements of the Expect request-header field.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/417].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-417-expectation-failed].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#417].
+  #
+  class HTTPExpectationFailed < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # 418 I'm a teapot - RFC 2324; a joke RFC
+  # See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#418.
+
+  # 420 Enhance Your Calm - Twitter
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Misdirected Request</tt> responses (status code 421).
+  #
+  # The request was directed at a server that is not able to produce a response.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-421-misdirected-request].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#421].
+  #
+  class HTTPMisdirectedRequest < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unprocessable Entity</tt> responses (status code 422).
+  #
+  # The request was well-formed but had semantic errors.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/422].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-422-unprocessable-content].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#422].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnprocessableEntity < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Locked (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 423).
+  #
+  # The requested resource is locked.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 4918}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.3].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#423].
+  #
+  class HTTPLocked < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Failed Dependency (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 424).
+  #
+  # The request failed because it depended on another request and that request failed.
+  # See {424 Failed Dependency (WebDAV)}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#424].
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {RFC 4918}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.4].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#424].
+  #
+  class HTTPFailedDependency < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # 425 Too Early
+  # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#425.
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Upgrade Required</tt> responses (status code 426).
+  #
+  # The client should switch to the protocol given in the Upgrade header field.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/426].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-426-upgrade-required].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#426].
+  #
+  class HTTPUpgradeRequired < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Precondition Required</tt> responses (status code 428).
+  #
+  # The origin server requires the request to be conditional.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/428].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-3].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#428].
+  #
+  class HTTPPreconditionRequired < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Too Many Requests</tt> responses (status code 429).
+  #
+  # The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/429].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-4].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#429].
+  #
+  class HTTPTooManyRequests < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Request Header Fields Too Large</tt> responses (status code 431).
+  #
+  # An individual header field is too large,
+  # or all the header fields collectively, are too large.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/431].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-5].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#431].
+  #
+  class HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Unavailable For Legal Reasons</tt> responses (status code 451).
+  #
+  # A server operator has received a legal demand to deny access to a resource or to a set of resources
+  # that includes the requested resource.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/451].
+  # - {RFC 7725}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7725.html#section-3].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#451].
+  #
+  class HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons < HTTPClientError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  # 444 No Response - Nginx
+  # 449 Retry With - Microsoft
+  # 450 Blocked by Windows Parental Controls - Microsoft
+  # 499 Client Closed Request - Nginx
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Internal Server Error</tt> responses (status code 500).
+  #
+  # An unexpected condition was encountered and no more specific message is suitable.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/500].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-500-internal-server-error].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#500].
+  #
+  class HTTPInternalServerError < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Implemented</tt> responses (status code 501).
+  #
+  # The server either does not recognize the request method,
+  # or it lacks the ability to fulfil the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/501].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-501-not-implemented].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#501].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotImplemented < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Bad Gateway</tt> responses (status code 502).
+  #
+  # The server was acting as a gateway or proxy
+  # and received an invalid response from the upstream server.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/502].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-502-bad-gateway].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#502].
+  #
+  class HTTPBadGateway < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Service Unavailable</tt> responses (status code 503).
+  #
+  # The server cannot handle the request
+  # (because it is overloaded or down for maintenance).
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/503].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-503-service-unavailable].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#503].
+  #
+  class HTTPServiceUnavailable < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Gateway Gem::Timeout</tt> responses (status code 504).
+  #
+  # The server was acting as a gateway or proxy
+  # and did not receive a timely response from the upstream server.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/504].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-504-gateway-timeout].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#504].
+  #
+  class HTTPGatewayTimeout < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  HTTPGatewayTimeOut = HTTPGatewayTimeout
+
+  # Response class for <tt>HTTP Version Not Supported</tt> responses (status code 505).
+  #
+  # The server does not support the HTTP version used in the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/505].
+  # - {RFC 9110}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-505-http-version-not-suppor].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#505].
+  #
+  class HTTPVersionNotSupported < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Variant Also Negotiates</tt> responses (status code 506).
+  #
+  # Transparent content negotiation for the request results in a circular reference.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/506].
+  # - {RFC 2295}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2295#section-8.1].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#506].
+  #
+  class HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Insufficient Storage (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 507).
+  #
+  # The server is unable to store the representation needed to complete the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/507].
+  # - {RFC 4918}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918#section-11.5].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#507].
+  #
+  class HTTPInsufficientStorage < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Loop Detected (WebDAV)</tt> responses (status code 508).
+  #
+  # The server detected an infinite loop while processing the request.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/508].
+  # - {RFC 5942}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5842.html#section-7.2].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#508].
+  #
+  class HTTPLoopDetected < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+  # 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded - Apache bw/limited extension
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Not Extended</tt> responses (status code 510).
+  #
+  # Further extensions to the request are required for the server to fulfill it.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/510].
+  # - {RFC 2774}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2774.html#section-7].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#510].
+  #
+  class HTTPNotExtended < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+  # Response class for <tt>Network Authentication Required</tt> responses (status code 511).
+  #
+  # The client needs to authenticate to gain network access.
+  #
+  # :include: doc/net-http/included_getters.rdoc
+  #
+  # References:
+  #
+  # - {Mozilla}[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/511].
+  # - {RFC 6585}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6585#section-6].
+  # - {Wikipedia}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#511].
+  #
+  class HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired < HTTPServerError
+    HAS_BODY = true
+  end
+
+end
+
+class Gem::Net::HTTPResponse
+  CODE_CLASS_TO_OBJ = {
+    '1' => Gem::Net::HTTPInformation,
+    '2' => Gem::Net::HTTPSuccess,
+    '3' => Gem::Net::HTTPRedirection,
+    '4' => Gem::Net::HTTPClientError,
+    '5' => Gem::Net::HTTPServerError
+  }
+  CODE_TO_OBJ = {
+    '100' => Gem::Net::HTTPContinue,
+    '101' => Gem::Net::HTTPSwitchProtocol,
+    '102' => Gem::Net::HTTPProcessing,
+    '103' => Gem::Net::HTTPEarlyHints,
+
+    '200' => Gem::Net::HTTPOK,
+    '201' => Gem::Net::HTTPCreated,
+    '202' => Gem::Net::HTTPAccepted,
+    '203' => Gem::Net::HTTPNonAuthoritativeInformation,
+    '204' => Gem::Net::HTTPNoContent,
+    '205' => Gem::Net::HTTPResetContent,
+    '206' => Gem::Net::HTTPPartialContent,
+    '207' => Gem::Net::HTTPMultiStatus,
+    '208' => Gem::Net::HTTPAlreadyReported,
+    '226' => Gem::Net::HTTPIMUsed,
+
+    '300' => Gem::Net::HTTPMultipleChoices,
+    '301' => Gem::Net::HTTPMovedPermanently,
+    '302' => Gem::Net::HTTPFound,
+    '303' => Gem::Net::HTTPSeeOther,
+    '304' => Gem::Net::HTTPNotModified,
+    '305' => Gem::Net::HTTPUseProxy,
+    '307' => Gem::Net::HTTPTemporaryRedirect,
+    '308' => Gem::Net::HTTPPermanentRedirect,
+
+    '400' => Gem::Net::HTTPBadRequest,
+    '401' => Gem::Net::HTTPUnauthorized,
+    '402' => Gem::Net::HTTPPaymentRequired,
+    '403' => Gem::Net::HTTPForbidden,
+    '404' => Gem::Net::HTTPNotFound,
+    '405' => Gem::Net::HTTPMethodNotAllowed,
+    '406' => Gem::Net::HTTPNotAcceptable,
+    '407' => Gem::Net::HTTPProxyAuthenticationRequired,
+    '408' => Gem::Net::HTTPRequestTimeout,
+    '409' => Gem::Net::HTTPConflict,
+    '410' => Gem::Net::HTTPGone,
+    '411' => Gem::Net::HTTPLengthRequired,
+    '412' => Gem::Net::HTTPPreconditionFailed,
+    '413' => Gem::Net::HTTPPayloadTooLarge,
+    '414' => Gem::Net::HTTPURITooLong,
+    '415' => Gem::Net::HTTPUnsupportedMediaType,
+    '416' => Gem::Net::HTTPRangeNotSatisfiable,
+    '417' => Gem::Net::HTTPExpectationFailed,
+    '421' => Gem::Net::HTTPMisdirectedRequest,
+    '422' => Gem::Net::HTTPUnprocessableEntity,
+    '423' => Gem::Net::HTTPLocked,
+    '424' => Gem::Net::HTTPFailedDependency,
+    '426' => Gem::Net::HTTPUpgradeRequired,
+    '428' => Gem::Net::HTTPPreconditionRequired,
+    '429' => Gem::Net::HTTPTooManyRequests,
+    '431' => Gem::Net::HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge,
+    '451' => Gem::Net::HTTPUnavailableForLegalReasons,
+
+    '500' => Gem::Net::HTTPInternalServerError,
+    '501' => Gem::Net::HTTPNotImplemented,
+    '502' => Gem::Net::HTTPBadGateway,
+    '503' => Gem::Net::HTTPServiceUnavailable,
+    '504' => Gem::Net::HTTPGatewayTimeout,
+    '505' => Gem::Net::HTTPVersionNotSupported,
+    '506' => Gem::Net::HTTPVariantAlsoNegotiates,
+    '507' => Gem::Net::HTTPInsufficientStorage,
+    '508' => Gem::Net::HTTPLoopDetected,
+    '510' => Gem::Net::HTTPNotExtended,
+    '511' => Gem::Net::HTTPNetworkAuthenticationRequired,
+  }
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/status.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/status.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9110b108b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/http/status.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative '../http'
+
+if $0 == __FILE__
+  require 'open-uri'
+  File.foreach(__FILE__) do |line|
+    puts line
+    break if line.start_with?('end')
+  end
+  puts
+  puts "Gem::Net::HTTP::STATUS_CODES = {"
+  url = "https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes-1.csv"
+  Gem::URI(url).read.each_line do |line|
+    code, mes, = line.split(',')
+    next if ['(Unused)', 'Unassigned', 'Description'].include?(mes)
+    puts "  #{code} => '#{mes}',"
+  end
+  puts "} # :nodoc:"
+end
+
+Gem::Net::HTTP::STATUS_CODES = {
+  100 => 'Continue',
+  101 => 'Switching Protocols',
+  102 => 'Processing',
+  103 => 'Early Hints',
+  200 => 'OK',
+  201 => 'Created',
+  202 => 'Accepted',
+  203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information',
+  204 => 'No Content',
+  205 => 'Reset Content',
+  206 => 'Partial Content',
+  207 => 'Multi-Status',
+  208 => 'Already Reported',
+  226 => 'IM Used',
+  300 => 'Multiple Choices',
+  301 => 'Moved Permanently',
+  302 => 'Found',
+  303 => 'See Other',
+  304 => 'Not Modified',
+  305 => 'Use Proxy',
+  307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
+  308 => 'Permanent Redirect',
+  400 => 'Bad Request',
+  401 => 'Unauthorized',
+  402 => 'Payment Required',
+  403 => 'Forbidden',
+  404 => 'Not Found',
+  405 => 'Method Not Allowed',
+  406 => 'Not Acceptable',
+  407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required',
+  408 => 'Request Timeout',
+  409 => 'Conflict',
+  410 => 'Gone',
+  411 => 'Length Required',
+  412 => 'Precondition Failed',
+  413 => 'Content Too Large',
+  414 => 'URI Too Long',
+  415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
+  416 => 'Range Not Satisfiable',
+  417 => 'Expectation Failed',
+  421 => 'Misdirected Request',
+  422 => 'Unprocessable Content',
+  423 => 'Locked',
+  424 => 'Failed Dependency',
+  425 => 'Too Early',
+  426 => 'Upgrade Required',
+  428 => 'Precondition Required',
+  429 => 'Too Many Requests',
+  431 => 'Request Header Fields Too Large',
+  451 => 'Unavailable For Legal Reasons',
+  500 => 'Internal Server Error',
+  501 => 'Not Implemented',
+  502 => 'Bad Gateway',
+  503 => 'Service Unavailable',
+  504 => 'Gateway Timeout',
+  505 => 'HTTP Version Not Supported',
+  506 => 'Variant Also Negotiates',
+  507 => 'Insufficient Storage',
+  508 => 'Loop Detected',
+  510 => 'Not Extended (OBSOLETED)',
+  511 => 'Network Authentication Required',
+} # :nodoc:
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/https.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/https.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2784f0be0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/https.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+=begin
+
+= net/https -- SSL/TLS enhancement for Gem::Net::HTTP.
+
+  This file has been merged with net/http.  There is no longer any need to
+  require 'rubygems/vendor/net-http/lib/net/https' to use HTTPS.
+
+  See Gem::Net::HTTP for details on how to make HTTPS connections.
+
+== Info
+  'OpenSSL for Ruby 2' project
+  Copyright (C) 2001 GOTOU Yuuzou <gotoyuzo@notwork.org>
+  All rights reserved.
+
+== Licence
+  This program is licensed under the same licence as Ruby.
+  (See the file 'LICENCE'.)
+
+=end
+
+require_relative 'http'
+require 'openssl'
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-protocol/.document b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-protocol/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c43bbd6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-protocol/.document
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Vendored files do not need to be documented
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-protocol/lib/net/protocol.rb b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-protocol/lib/net/protocol.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53d34d8d98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubygems/vendor/net-protocol/lib/net/protocol.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,544 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+#
+# = net/protocol.rb
+#
+#--
+# Copyright (c) 1999-2004 Yukihiro Matsumoto
+# Copyright (c) 1999-2004 Minero Aoki
+#
+# written and maintained by Minero Aoki <aamine@loveruby.net>
+#
+# This program is free software. You can re-distribute and/or
+# modify this program under the same terms as Ruby itself,
+# Ruby Distribute License or GNU General Public License.
+#
+# $Id$
+#++
+#
+# WARNING: This file is going to remove.
+# Do not rely on the implementation written in this file.
+#
+
+require 'socket'
+require_relative '../../../timeout/lib/timeout'
+require 'io/wait'
+
+module Gem::Net # :nodoc:
+
+  class Protocol   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    VERSION = "0.2.2"
+
+    private
+    def Protocol.protocol_param(name, val)
+      module_eval(<<-End, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1)
+        def #{name}
+          #{val}
+        end
+      End
+    end
+
+    def ssl_socket_connect(s, timeout)
+      if timeout
+        while true
+          raise Gem::Net::OpenTimeout if timeout <= 0
+          start = Process.clock_gettime Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+          # to_io is required because SSLSocket doesn't have wait_readable yet
+          case s.connect_nonblock(exception: false)
+          when :wait_readable; s.to_io.wait_readable(timeout)
+          when :wait_writable; s.to_io.wait_writable(timeout)
+          else; break
+          end
+          timeout -= Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - start
+        end
+      else
+        s.connect
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  class ProtocolError          < StandardError; end
+  class ProtoSyntaxError       < ProtocolError; end
+  class ProtoFatalError        < ProtocolError; end
+  class ProtoUnknownError      < ProtocolError; end
+  class ProtoServerError       < ProtocolError; end
+  class ProtoAuthError         < ProtocolError; end
+  class ProtoCommandError      < ProtocolError; end
+  class ProtoRetriableError    < ProtocolError; end
+  ProtocRetryError = ProtoRetriableError
+
+  ##
+  # OpenTimeout, a subclass of Gem::Timeout::Error, is raised if a connection cannot
+  # be created within the open_timeout.
+
+  class OpenTimeout            < Gem::Timeout::Error; end
+
+  ##
+  # ReadTimeout, a subclass of Gem::Timeout::Error, is raised if a chunk of the
+  # response cannot be read within the read_timeout.
+
+  class ReadTimeout < Gem::Timeout::Error
+    def initialize(io = nil)
+      @io = io
+    end
+    attr_reader :io
+
+    def message
+      msg = super
+      if @io
+        msg = "#{msg} with #{@io.inspect}"
+      end
+      msg
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # WriteTimeout, a subclass of Gem::Timeout::Error, is raised if a chunk of the
+  # response cannot be written within the write_timeout.  Not raised on Windows.
+
+  class WriteTimeout < Gem::Timeout::Error
+    def initialize(io = nil)
+      @io = io
+    end
+    attr_reader :io
+
+    def message
+      msg = super
+      if @io
+        msg = "#{msg} with #{@io.inspect}"
+      end
+      msg
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  class BufferedIO   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    def initialize(io, read_timeout: 60, write_timeout: 60, continue_timeout: nil, debug_output: nil)
+      @io = io
+      @read_timeout = read_timeout
+      @write_timeout = write_timeout
+      @continue_timeout = continue_timeout
+      @debug_output = debug_output
+      @rbuf = ''.b
+      @rbuf_empty = true
+      @rbuf_offset = 0
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :io
+    attr_accessor :read_timeout
+    attr_accessor :write_timeout
+    attr_accessor :continue_timeout
+    attr_accessor :debug_output
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} io=#{@io}>"
+    end
+
+    def eof?
+      @io.eof?
+    end
+
+    def closed?
+      @io.closed?
+    end
+
+    def close
+      @io.close
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Read
+    #
+
+    public
+
+    def read(len, dest = ''.b, ignore_eof = false)
+      LOG "reading #{len} bytes..."
+      read_bytes = 0
+      begin
+        while read_bytes + rbuf_size < len
+          if s = rbuf_consume_all
+            read_bytes += s.bytesize
+            dest << s
+          end
+          rbuf_fill
+        end
+        s = rbuf_consume(len - read_bytes)
+        read_bytes += s.bytesize
+        dest << s
+      rescue EOFError
+        raise unless ignore_eof
+      end
+      LOG "read #{read_bytes} bytes"
+      dest
+    end
+
+    def read_all(dest = ''.b)
+      LOG 'reading all...'
+      read_bytes = 0
+      begin
+        while true
+          if s = rbuf_consume_all
+            read_bytes += s.bytesize
+            dest << s
+          end
+          rbuf_fill
+        end
+      rescue EOFError
+        ;
+      end
+      LOG "read #{read_bytes} bytes"
+      dest
+    end
+
+    def readuntil(terminator, ignore_eof = false)
+      offset = @rbuf_offset
+      begin
+        until idx = @rbuf.index(terminator, offset)
+          offset = @rbuf.bytesize
+          rbuf_fill
+        end
+        return rbuf_consume(idx + terminator.bytesize - @rbuf_offset)
+      rescue EOFError
+        raise unless ignore_eof
+        return rbuf_consume
+      end
+    end
+
+    def readline
+      readuntil("\n").chop
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    BUFSIZE = 1024 * 16
+
+    def rbuf_fill
+      tmp = @rbuf_empty ? @rbuf : nil
+      case rv = @io.read_nonblock(BUFSIZE, tmp, exception: false)
+      when String
+        @rbuf_empty = false
+        if rv.equal?(tmp)
+          @rbuf_offset = 0
+        else
+          @rbuf << rv
+          rv.clear
+        end
+        return
+      when :wait_readable
+        (io = @io.to_io).wait_readable(@read_timeout) or raise Gem::Net::ReadTimeout.new(io)
+        # continue looping
+      when :wait_writable
+        # OpenSSL::Buffering#read_nonblock may fail with IO::WaitWritable.
+        # http://www.openssl.org/support/faq.html#PROG10
+        (io = @io.to_io).wait_writable(@read_timeout) or raise Gem::Net::ReadTimeout.new(io)
+        # continue looping
+      when nil
+        raise EOFError, 'end of file reached'
+      end while true
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_flush
+      if @rbuf_empty
+        @rbuf.clear
+        @rbuf_offset = 0
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_size
+      @rbuf.bytesize - @rbuf_offset
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_consume_all
+      rbuf_consume if rbuf_size > 0
+    end
+
+    def rbuf_consume(len = nil)
+      if @rbuf_offset == 0 && (len.nil? || len == @rbuf.bytesize)
+        s = @rbuf
+        @rbuf = ''.b
+        @rbuf_offset = 0
+        @rbuf_empty = true
+      elsif len.nil?
+        s = @rbuf.byteslice(@rbuf_offset..-1)
+        @rbuf = ''.b
+        @rbuf_offset = 0
+        @rbuf_empty = true
+      else
+        s = @rbuf.byteslice(@rbuf_offset, len)
+        @rbuf_offset += len
+        @rbuf_empty = @rbuf_offset == @rbuf.bytesize
+        rbuf_flush
+      end
+
+      @debug_output << %Q[-> #{s.dump}\n] if @debug_output
+      s
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Write
+    #
+
+    public
+
+    def write(*strs)
+      writing {
+        write0(*strs)
+      }
+    end
+
+    alias << write
+
+    def writeline(str)
+      writing {
+        write0 str + "\r\n"
+      }
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def writing
+      @written_bytes = 0
+      @debug_output << '<- ' if @debug_output
+      yield
+      @debug_output << "\n" if @debug_output
+      bytes = @written_bytes
+      @written_bytes = nil
+      bytes
+    end
+
+    def write0(*strs)
+      @debug_output << strs.map(&:dump).join if @debug_output
+      orig_written_bytes = @written_bytes
+      strs.each_with_index do |str, i|
+        need_retry = true
+        case len = @io.write_nonblock(str, exception: false)
+        when Integer
+          @written_bytes += len
+          len -= str.bytesize
+          if len == 0
+            if strs.size == i+1
+              return @written_bytes - orig_written_bytes
+            else
+              need_retry = false
+              # next string
+            end
+          elsif len < 0
+            str = str.byteslice(len, -len)
+          else # len > 0
+            need_retry = false
+            # next string
+          end
+          # continue looping
+        when :wait_writable
+          (io = @io.to_io).wait_writable(@write_timeout) or raise Gem::Net::WriteTimeout.new(io)
+          # continue looping
+        end while need_retry
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Logging
+    #
+
+    private
+
+    def LOG_off
+      @save_debug_out = @debug_output
+      @debug_output = nil
+    end
+
+    def LOG_on
+      @debug_output = @save_debug_out
+    end
+
+    def LOG(msg)
+      return unless @debug_output
+      @debug_output << msg + "\n"
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  class InternetMessageIO < BufferedIO   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    def initialize(*, **)
+      super
+      @wbuf = nil
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Read
+    #
+
+    def each_message_chunk
+      LOG 'reading message...'
+      LOG_off()
+      read_bytes = 0
+      while (line = readuntil("\r\n")) != ".\r\n"
+        read_bytes += line.size
+        yield line.delete_prefix('.')
+      end
+      LOG_on()
+      LOG "read message (#{read_bytes} bytes)"
+    end
+
+    # *library private* (cannot handle 'break')
+    def each_list_item
+      while (str = readuntil("\r\n")) != ".\r\n"
+        yield str.chop
+      end
+    end
+
+    def write_message_0(src)
+      prev = @written_bytes
+      each_crlf_line(src) do |line|
+        write0 dot_stuff(line)
+      end
+      @written_bytes - prev
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Write
+    #
+
+    def write_message(src)
+      LOG "writing message from #{src.class}"
+      LOG_off()
+      len = writing {
+        using_each_crlf_line {
+          write_message_0 src
+        }
+      }
+      LOG_on()
+      LOG "wrote #{len} bytes"
+      len
+    end
+
+    def write_message_by_block(&block)
+      LOG 'writing message from block'
+      LOG_off()
+      len = writing {
+        using_each_crlf_line {
+          begin
+            block.call(WriteAdapter.new(self.method(:write_message_0)))
+          rescue LocalJumpError
+            # allow `break' from writer block
+          end
+        }
+      }
+      LOG_on()
+      LOG "wrote #{len} bytes"
+      len
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def dot_stuff(s)
+      s.sub(/\A\./, '..')
+    end
+
+    def using_each_crlf_line
+      @wbuf = ''.b
+      yield
+      if not @wbuf.empty?   # unterminated last line
+        write0 dot_stuff(@wbuf.chomp) + "\r\n"
+      elsif @written_bytes == 0   # empty src
+        write0 "\r\n"
+      end
+      write0 ".\r\n"
+      @wbuf = nil
+    end
+
+    def each_crlf_line(src)
+      buffer_filling(@wbuf, src) do
+        while line = @wbuf.slice!(/\A[^\r\n]*(?:\n|\r(?:\n|(?!\z)))/)
+          yield line.chomp("\n") + "\r\n"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def buffer_filling(buf, src)
+      case src
+      when String    # for speeding up.
+        0.step(src.size - 1, 1024) do |i|
+          buf << src[i, 1024]
+          yield
+        end
+      when File    # for speeding up.
+        while s = src.read(1024)
+          buf << s
+          yield
+        end
+      else    # generic reader
+        src.each do |str|
+          buf << str
+          yield if buf.size > 1024
+        end
+        yield unless buf.empty?
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  #
+  # The writer adapter class
+  #
+  class WriteAdapter
+    def initialize(writer)
+      @writer = writer
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class} writer=#{@writer.inspect}>"
+    end
+
+    def write(str)
+      @writer.call(str)
+    end
+
+    alias print write
+
+    def <<(str)
+      write str
+      self
+    end
+
+    def puts(str = '')
+      write str.chomp("\n") + "\n"
+    end
+
+    def printf(*args)
+      write sprintf(*args)
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  class ReadAdapter   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    def initialize(block)
+      @block = block
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      "#<#{self.class}>"
+    end
+
+    def <<(str)
+      call_block(str, &@block) if @block